Patent Publication Number: US-2021189784-A1

Title: Confinement cabin for working operative areas

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority to and benefit of Italian Patent Application No. 102019000025375 filed Dec. 23, 2019, the contents of which are incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a confinement cabin for working operative areas. 
     In particular, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used to separate from the surrounding environment a working operative area of one or more machine tools, such as lathes, presses, cutting systems, or of a robot or of work centers for chemical treatments, painting, sandblasting, welding, and washing. Moreover, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used to isolate devices for additive manufacturing. In addition, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can also be used to separate from the surrounding environment a working operative area consisting of an area not to be contaminated, such as a sterile area, or consisting of a contaminating area or a pressurized area. In particular, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used as a sterilization cabinet. The confinement cabin according to the present invention is therefore suitable for use not only in production facilities, but also in research laboratories, in particular biochemical laboratories. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     In general, a confinement cabin for working operative areas comprises a plurality of fixed walls, which are arranged around the working operative area to separate it from the surrounding environment. To allow access to the operative area, for example for maintenance or cleaning operations of machinery arranged inside or for removal and insertion of processed products, the cabin is equipped with at least one access opening provided with a movable cover element, which acts as a door. 
     The aforesaid movable cover may be a lift door, i.e., with a vertical opening and closing movement. For safety reasons, however, this type of door must be provided with complex safety systems, to the disadvantage of cost-effectiveness of installation, management and maintenance. 
     Generally, for reasons of constructional simplicity, single or double hinged doors with opening towards the inside are adopted. As diagrammatically shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  respectively (where M indicates a machine installed in the operative area, C the confinement cabin and P the access door(s)), the hinged door solution has, however, space limits and can therefore only be used in the presence of a large free space in the area in front of the access opening. 
     In cases where, for reasons of ergonomics and/or reduction of the dimensions of the cabins, there is not sufficient space in front of the access opening, sliding doors are used. However, this solution requires availability of space to the sides of the access opening to ensure the door has freedom to slide. 
     Furthermore, with respect to a hinged door, the sliding door requires sliding guides. This exposes the door to the risk of jams due to obstructions of the guide by machining residues, such as shavings, dust, scraps or lubricating liquids-coolants. 
     As an alternative to sliding doors, pivoting-tilting doors may be adopted which, with equal dimensions, allow the door to be moved in significantly smaller spaces than a hinged door. 
     More in detail, as diagrammatically shown in the sequence of  FIGS. 3 a - c   , a pivoting-tilting door comprises a closing panel P connected to a load-bearing structure C (in this case the fixed walls of the cabin) by at least one movable support arm A. The movable support arm A is rotationally connected to the load-bearing structure C at a first end A 1  thereof to rotate around a first vertical axis X 1 . In turn, the closing panel P is rotationally connected to the movable arm A at a second end A 2  of the latter so as to be able to tilt with respect to the arm itself around a second vertical axis X 2 , parallel to the first. The tilting movement of the panel with respect to the arm is not free, but is guided by the sliding of a pin (integral with the base or the top of the door) inside a guide obtained at the floor or ceiling of the cabin. Said guide is profiled so that the panel, driven in rotation by the movable arm (for example motorized) and constrained by the pin to follow the profile of the guide, is forced to tilt with respect to the movable arm in motion, with a counter rotation around the second vertical axis X 2 . The composition of the two movements reduces the maneuvering space required for opening and closing the panel P around the first vertical axis X 1 . 
     While allowing opening/closing in much smaller spaces than hinged doors, pivoting-tilting doors nevertheless have the same limitation as sliding doors, as they require sliding guides as well. They are therefore also exposed to the risk of jamming connected to obstructions of the guide by machining residues, such as shavings, dusts, scraps or lubricating liquids-coolants. 
     To date, however, there are no confinement cabins provided with closing doors, which require limited maneuvering space in opening and closing and at the same time are not subject to the limits associated with the presence of sliding guides. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a confinement cabin for working operative areas, provided with closing doors which require limited maneuvering space in opening and closing and at the same time are not subject to the limits associated with the presence of sliding guides. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a confinement cabin for working operative areas which is also simple and economical to produce. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The technical features of the invention according to the aforesaid objects may be clearly found in the contents of the claims hereinbelow and advantages thereof will become more apparent from the following detailed description, made with reference to the accompanying drawings which show one or more embodiments merely given by way of non-limiting example, in which: 
         FIGS. 1 and 2  show two diagrammatic views of a confinement cabin for working operative areas of traditional type, provided with a single-leaf and two-leaf hinged door; 
         FIGS. 3 a - c    show in sequence the diagrammatic operation of two pivoting-tilting doors with sliding guides on the ground in a confinement cabin for working operative areas of traditional type; 
         FIG. 4  shows a perspective view from above of a confinement cabin for working operative areas according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a front orthogonal view of the cabin of  FIG. 4 , according to the arrow V indicated therein; 
         FIGS. 6 and 7  show two orthogonal views respectively from below and from above of the cabin of  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 8 and 8   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 4  illustrated with the two doors in the closed position respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 9 and 9   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 4  illustrated with the two doors in an intermediate position between closing and opening respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 10 and 10   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 4  illustrated with the two doors in the open position respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 11, 12 and 13  show with three orthogonal views from below the sequence of opening movements of one of the two cabin doors illustrated respectively in  FIGS. 8 a , 9 a    and  10   a;    
         FIGS. 14, 15 and 16  show three enlarged detail views respectively of  FIGS. 5, 7 and 4  related to actuation means of one of the two cabin doors; 
         FIG. 17  shows a perspective view from above of a confinement cabin for working operative areas according to a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 18  is a front orthogonal view of the cabin of  FIG. 17 , according to the arrow XVIII indicated therein; 
         FIGS. 19 and 20  show two orthogonal views respectively from below and from above of the cabin of  FIG. 17 ; 
         FIGS. 21 and 21   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 17  illustrated with the two doors in the closed position respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 22 and 22   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 17  illustrated with the two doors in an intermediate position between closing and opening respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 23 and 23   a  show the cabin of  FIG. 17  illustrated with the two doors in the open position respectively with a perspective view from above and an orthogonal view from above; 
         FIGS. 24, 25 and 26  show with three orthogonal views from below the sequence of opening movements of one of the two cabin doors illustrated respectively in  FIGS. 21 a , 22 a    and  23   a;    
         FIGS. 27, 28 and 29  show three enlarged detail views respectively of  FIGS. 18, 20 and 17  related to actuation means of one of the two cabin doors. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     It is the object of the present invention a confinement cabin for working operative areas. 
     In particular, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used to separate from the surrounding a working operative area of one or more machine tools environment, such as lathes, presses, cutting systems, or of a robot or of work centers for chemical treatments, painting, sandblasting, welding, and washing. Moreover, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used to isolate devices for additive manufacturing. In addition, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can also be used to separate from the surrounding environment a working operative area consisting of an area not to be contaminated, such as a sterile area, or consisting of a contaminating area or a pressurized area. In particular, the confinement cabin according to the present invention can be used as a sterilization cabinet. 
     Therefore, the confinement cabin according to the present invention is suitable for being used not only in production facilities, but also in research laboratories, in particular biochemical laboratories. 
     The confinement cabin according to the present invention has been indicated as a whole with  1  in the accompanying drawings. 
     Here and in the following detailed description and claims, reference will be made to the confinement cabin  1  in the use condition, i.e., in particular resting on the ground, for example on the floor of a building. Therefore, any reference to lower or upper, front or rear, horizontal or vertical positions or sides, must be understood in this sense. 
     According to a general embodiment of the present invention, the confinement cabin  1  comprises: 
     a load-bearing structure  2 ; 
     one or more confinement walls  3  connected to the load-bearing structure  2  to at least partially delimit an inner space of the cabin  1 ; 
     an access opening  4  to the aforesaid inner space. 
     The working operative area to be separated from the surrounding environment is obtained in the inner space of the cabin  1 . As illustrated in  FIGS. 8-10  or in  FIG. 17 , a machine tool may be installed in the working operative area delimited by the cabin  1 , diagrammatically represented in some figures with a parallelepiped M. 
     The load-bearing structure  2  may be of any type. In particular, it can consist of a frame. The confinement walls may be made of any material as long as it is suitable for the purpose. In particular, the walls may be made of transparent materials, such as polyethylene glycol (PETG), polycarbonate (PC), methacrylate (PMMA, commercially known as plexiglass), and tempered glass. Preferably, the walls are made of polycarbonate. 
     The access opening  4  may occupy an entire wall of the cabin  1  or even just a part of a wall. In the latter case, preferably, the load-bearing structure  2  will have a portion delimiting the perimeter of the access opening  4 . 
     The confinement cabin  1  further comprises at least one door  10 ,  100  connected to the aforesaid load-bearing structure  2  to close the access opening  4 . 
     As illustrated in the accompanying Figures, the aforesaid at least one door  10 ,  100  can be moved in opening and closing with a pivoting-tilting movement. 
     More in detail, the aforesaid at least one door  10 ,  100  comprises: 
     at least one movable support arm  11   a ,  11   b  which at a first end  11   a ′,  11   b ′ thereof is rotationally connected to the aforesaid load-bearing structure  2  to rotate around a hinging axis Y 1 ; and 
     a closing panel  12  rotationally connected to a second end  11   a ″,  11   b ″ of said movable support arm  11   a ,  11   b  to rotate around a tilting axis Y 2  parallel to the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     Preferably, the hinging axis Y 1  and the tilting axis Y 2  are vertical. 
     Operatively, the opening and closing movements of the door  10 ,  100  with respect to the access opening  4  are a composition of: 
     a rotational motion around the hinging axis Y 1  imposed by the movable arm on the panel  12  with respect to the load-bearing structure  2 ; and 
     a rotational motion of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  with respect to the second end  11   a ″,  11   b ″ of said movable support arm  11   a ,  11   b.    
     According to the present invention, the rotation of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  is synchronized with the rotation of said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  around the hinging axis Y 1  through an elastic transmission system  23  between a first pulley  21  coaxial to the hinging axis Y 1  and a second pulley  22  coaxial to the tilting axis Y 2  and integral with the panel  12 . 
     Still according to the present invention, the aforesaid transmission system is configured so that the rotation of the panel around the tilting axis Y 2  is in the opposite direction to the rotation of said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     Due to the present invention, control of the tilting movement of the panel with respect to the movable arm is no longer entrusted to a sliding guide suitable to constrain the motion of the panel dragged by the movable arm along a predefined path. Therefore, the pivoting-tilting door  10 ,  100  according to the present invention no longer requires a sliding guide on the ground and/or ceiling in order to function. 
     Therefore, the confinement cabin for working operative areas according to the present invention is provided with closing doors which require limited maneuvering space in opening and closing and at the same time are not subject to the limits associated with the presence of sliding guides. 
     Preferably, as shown in the accompanying Figures, the cabin  1  comprises two doors  10 ,  100  which cooperate to close said opening  4  and are connected to the load-bearing structure  2  with the respective hinging axes Y 1  arranged in opposite positions with respect to a vertical, center-line axis Y 3  of the opening  4 . This solution is preferred since, being the dimensions of the access opening equal, the maneuvering space is further reduced compared to a single door. 
     In accordance with embodiments not shown in the accompanying Figures, the confinement cabin  1  may comprise a single door to close the access opening  4 . 
     Preferably, the aforesaid elastic transmission system comprises a toothed belt  23 . In this case, the first pulley  21  and the second pulley  22  are both toothed pulleys. 
     Alternatively, the transmission system between the aforesaid two pulleys can consist of a chain, a cable or a belt as well. 
     As shown in particular in  FIGS. 8-10  and  FIGS. 21-23 , the panel  12  of each door (whether single or double) is movable between: 
     a closed position, in which said panel  12  is placed at the opening  4  (to obstruct it completely in the case of a single door or partially, in the case of a double door); and 
     an open position, in which the panel  12  is moved away from the opening  4 . 
     Preferably, as shown in the accompanying Figures, in the closed position the aforesaid at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  is arranged outside the inner space of the cabin  1 . In other words, the movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  is connected to the panel  12  at a face of the same panel which in the closed position is facing the outside of the cabin  1 . Thereby, in the closed position, the panel  12  separates the movable arm and the components kinematically connected thereto, such as the pulleys and the transmission system, from the working operative area. Therefore, the movable arm is protected and shielded from the effects of the activities taking place in the working operative area confined inside the cabin. For example, the movable arm can be protected from chips and scraps generated by a machine tool or from dispersions of lubricating liquids-coolants. 
     Preferably, as shown in the accompanying Figures, the pivoting-tilting door  10 ,  100  is configured so that in the movement between the closed position and the open position, the relative panel  12  is kept completely inside the cabin  1  without ever protruding towards the outside thereof. In other words, the panel  12  never crosses the access opening with any portion thereof. Thereby, the panel  12  can be sized to abut against the portion of the load-bearing structure delimiting the access opening  4  so as to be able to seal with a gasket. 
     Advantageously, the confinement cabin  1  may comprise a sealing gasket (not shown in the accompanying Figures), which is fixed to the load-bearing structure  2  along at least a part of the perimeter of the aforesaid access opening  4 . In this case, the pivoting-tilting door  10 ,  100  is configured so that in the closed position the panel  12  abuts against the aforesaid sealing gasket. Thereby, the confinement cabin  1  provides complete shielding of the working operative area even at the door, avoiding accidental exit of shavings, scraps or lubricating liquids-coolants. Therefore, the cabin  1  provides more complete protection to operators present in the environment near the cabin. 
     Advantageously, this solution allows obtaining confinement cabins  1  with sealed doors, suitable to separate from the surrounding environment a working operative area consisting of an area not to be contaminated, such as a sterile area, or consisting of a contaminating area or a pressurized area. 
     Advantageously, as shown in particular in  FIGS. 10 and 13  and in  FIGS. 23 and 26 , the load-bearing structure  2  of the cabin  1  and the relative door  10 ,  100  can be configured so that in the open position the aforesaid at least one arm  11   a ,  11   b  of the door  10 ,  100  is arranged between a portion of the load-bearing structure  2  and the panel  12 . Thereby, even in the open position, the panel  12  can shield the movable arm and the components kinematically connected thereby, such as the pulleys and the transmission system, from the working operative area. Therefore, even in the open position, the movable arm is protected and shielded from the effects of the activities taking place in the working operative area confined inside the cabin, such as cleaning and maintenance activities. For example, the movable arm can be protected from shavings and scraps or from dispersions of lubricating liquids-coolants. 
     In accordance with the embodiments shown in the accompanying Figures, the aforesaid at least one door  10 ,  100  may comprise two movable support arms  11   a ,  11   b , in order to provide a more mechanically stable support to the panel  12 . 
     More in detail, the two movable support arms  11   a ,  11   b , at different vertical heights with respect to each other, are both rotationally connected: 
     to the load-bearing structure  2  around the hinging axis Y 1  at the respective first ends  11   a ′,  11   b ′ thereof; and 
     to the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  at the respective second ends  11   a ″, 11   b ″ thereof. 
     Advantageously, the aforesaid two movable support arms  11   a ,  11   b  can be rigidly connected to each other by a first elongated element  13  and by a second elongated element  14 , which is coaxial to the tilting axis Y 2  and acts as a tilting pin for the panel.  12 . The two movable support arms  11   a ,  11   b  and the two elongated connecting elements  13 ,  14  together form a movable support frame for said panel  12 . 
     Preferably, as shown in the accompanying Figures, the closing panel  12  can be moved by said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b.    
     Alternatively, the panel  12  can be moved directly, to drag the movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  therewith. 
     Preferably, the confinement cabin  1  comprises actuation means  31 ,  32  or  31 ,  33 ,  34  of the aforesaid at least one door  10 ,  100  in opening and closing. Such actuation means enable automating opening and closing of the door  10 ,  100 . 
     In particular, said actuation means may be controlled by a control system configured to give or not give consent to the opening of the door according to the activities taking place inside the cabin  1 . For example, for safety reasons, the opening of the door can be conditioned to the stop of a machine tool arranged inside the confinement cabin  1 . 
     According to embodiments not shown in the accompanying Figures, the confinement cabin  1  may not be provided with actuation means, since the opening and closing of the door  10 ,  100  is left to the intervention of an operator, who can act directly on the panel or on the movable arm. 
     More in detail, the actuation means  31 ,  32  or  31 ,  33 ,  34  are suitable to at least impose on the aforesaid at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  a rotational motion around the hinging axis Y 1  in both directions of rotation. 
     Operatively, as will be clarified in the following in the description, in some embodiments the aforesaid actuation means can be limited to putting only the movable arm in rotation, while in other embodiments they must also impose a rotational motion on the first pulley. 
     In accordance with a first preferred embodiment, shown in  FIGS. 4 to 16 , the aforesaid first pulley  21  is rotationally fixed and is integral with the load-bearing structure  2 . As already mentioned, the second pulley  22  is instead coaxial with the tilting axis Y 2  and is integral with the panel  12 . The elastic transmission system constrains the movement of the second pulley  22  to the first pulley  21 . 
     Operatively, as shown in particular in  FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 , the second pulley  22  follows the movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  in rotation. Following the rotation of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 , the elastic transmission system  23  (consisting in particular of a toothed belt), while not sliding with respect to the first pulley, changes however orientation thereof with respect to the first pulley  21  (rotationally fixed). As a consequence of said change in orientation, the portion of the transmission system  23  in contact with the first pulley  21  changes as well. Since the distance between the two pulleys  21  and  22  is fixed by the length of the movable arm, the second pulley  22  is forced to rotate around the tilting axis Y 2 , with an opposite direction to that of the rotation of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     As a result, a rotation of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1  according to a rotation direction corresponds to a rotation in the opposite direction of the second pulley  22  (and therefore of the panel  12  integral therewith) around the tilting axis Y 2 . 
     The amplitude of the rotation around the tilting axis with respect to the amplitude of rotation around the hinging axis Y 1  is fixed by the transmission ratio between the two pulleys  21  and  22 . 
     Preferably, in order to reduce the maneuvering spaces required by the door in opening and closing, the amplitude of the rotation around the tilting axis Y 2  is greater than the amplitude of the rotation around the hinging axis Y 1 . Therefore, preferably, the transmission ratio between the first pulley  21  and the second pulley  22  is greater than 1. 
     If (as shown in the accompanying figures) the maneuvering space of the door  10 ,  100  is limited to a 90° angle, a maximum rotation of 180° of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  must correspond to a maximum rotation of 90° of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . In this case, the transmission ratio between the first pulley  21  and the second pulley  22  is preferably 2. 
     Advantageously, the transmission ratio may be chosen according to the specific sizing requirements of the cabin and of the relative door  10 ,  100 . 
     Advantageously, in the specific case the rotation of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  is caused directly by the rotation of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . In this case, the aforesaid actuation means  31 ,  32  can be suitable to impose only a rotational motion on said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  around the hinging axis Y 1  in both directions of rotation. 
     Advantageously, as shown in  FIGS. 11-16 , the actuation means may comprise a linear actuator, such as a pneumatic cylinder  31 , associated with the load-bearing structure  2  and kinematically connected to the aforesaid at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  by a leverage  32 . Operatively, the aforesaid leverage  32  transforms the linear movements of the pneumatic cylinder  31  into rotational movements of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     In particular, the aforementioned pneumatic cylinder with leverage can act as a door locking device as well, both in the closed position and in the open position. 
     In accordance with alternative embodiments not shown in the accompanying figures, the actuation means may comprise any type of linear or rotary actuator, as long as it is configured to impose rotational movements on the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     In accordance with a second preferred embodiment, shown in  FIGS. 17 to 29 , the aforesaid first pulley  21  is kinematically connected to the aforesaid at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  so as to rotate around said hinging axis Y 1  always in the opposite direction with respect to said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b.    
     As already mentioned, the second pulley  22  is coaxial with the tilting axis Y 2  and is integral with the panel  12 . In this case, since the first pulley  21  is rotationally movable, the elastic transmission system  23  transmits the rotational movement of the first pulley to the second pulley  22 . 
     Operatively, as shown in particular in  FIGS. 24, 25 and 26 , the second pulley  22  follows the movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  in rotation. While the movable arm rotates around the hinging axis Y 1 , the first pulley  21  also rotates around the same axis but in the opposite direction. Therefore, with respect to the movable arm, the first pulley  21  undergoes a total rotation around the hinging axis Y 1  which is given by the sum of the rotation of the movable arm and the own rotation. 
     The total rotation of the first pulley  21  is then transferred to the second pulley  22  by the transmission system  23 , which in particular can comprise a toothed belt. The amplitude of the rotation of the second pulley  22  (and therefore of the panel  12  integral therewith) around the tilting axis Y 2  with respect to the amplitude of the rotation of the first pulley  21  around the hinging axis Y 1  is fixed by the transmission ratio between the two pulleys  21  and  22 . 
     Preferably, in order to reduce the maneuvering spaces required by the door in opening and closing, the amplitude of the rotation around the tilting axis Y 2  is greater than the amplitude of the rotation around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     Considering that the total rotation of the first pulley  21  around the hinging axis Y 1  is already greater than the rotation of the movable arm around the same axis, the transmission ratio between the first and second pulley could in some specific sizing cases even be lower than 1. 
     In order to minimize the maneuvering spaces required by the door in opening and closing, it is preferable not to limit the amplitude of the rotation around the tilting axis Y 2 . Therefore, preferably, the transmission ratio between the first pulley  21  and the second pulley  22  is not less than 1. 
     If (as shown in the accompanying figures) the maneuvering space of the door  10 ,  100  is limited to a 90° angle, a maximum rotation of 180° of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  must correspond to a maximum rotation of 90° of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1 . Assuming that the own rotation of the first pulley  21  is 90°, the total rotation of the first pulley  21  is 180°. In this case, the transmission ratio between the first pulley  21  and the second pulley  22  is preferably 1. 
     Advantageously, the transmission ratio may in any case be chosen according to the specific sizing requirements of the cabin and of the relative door  10 ,  100 . 
     In the specific case, the rotation of the panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  is due to the simultaneous rotation of the movable arm and of the first pulley  21  around the hinging axis Y 1 . Advantageously, in this case, the aforesaid actuation means  31 ,  32  are suitable to not only impose a rotational motion on said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  around the hinging axis Y 1  in both directions of rotation, but also a rotational motion around said hinging axis Y 1  to said first pulley  21  in both directions of rotation. 
     Advantageously, as shown in  FIGS. 24-29 , the actuation means may comprise a linear actuator, such as a pneumatic cylinder  31 , associated with the load-bearing structure  2  and kinematically connected: 
     to said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  by a first leverage  33 ; and 
     to the first pulley  21  by a second leverage  34 . 
     The aforesaid two leverages  33 ,  34  are configured so that a linear motion of said pneumatic cylinder  31  generates on said at least one movable arm  11   a ,  11   b  and on said first pulley  21  two angular moments in opposite directions around said hinging axis Y 1 . 
     Advantageously, the two leverages  33  and  34  can be sized to generate equal angular moments in absolute value. 
     Operatively, the aforesaid two leverages  33  and  34  transform the linear movements of the pneumatic cylinder  31  into opposite rotational movements (and possibly equal in amplitude) of the movable arm and of the first pulley  21  around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     In particular, the aforesaid pneumatic cylinder with double leverage can act as a door locking device as well, both in the closed position and in the open position. 
     In accordance with alternative embodiments not shown in the accompanying figures, the actuation means may comprise any type of linear or rotary actuator, as long as it is configured to impose rotational movements on the movable arm and on the first pulley around the hinging axis Y 1 . 
     In accordance with an embodiment not shown in the accompanying figures, the aforesaid actuation means may comprise: 
     a first actuator device suitable to impose a rotational motion around the hinging axis Y 1  on said at least one movable arm in both directions of rotation; and 
     a second actuator device suitable to impose a rotational motion around the hinging axis Y 1  on said first pulley  21  (rotationally movable) in both directions of rotation. 
     The actuation of said two actuator devices is regulated according to one or more predefined laws of synchronization of rotation of said panel  12  around the tilting axis Y 2  with rotation of the movable arm around the hinging axis Y 1  by means of a control unit connected to said two actuator devices. This allows varying the synchronization laws of the panel tilting with the rotation of the movable arm according to specific needs. 
     The first embodiment (shown in  FIGS. 4-16 ) is constructively simpler to obtain than the second embodiment (shown in  FIGS. 17-29 ), but requires greater overall dimensions. In particular, in the first embodiment it may in fact be necessary to use a first pulley with a larger diameter than the second pulley. In some cases, this can create dimensional problems. 
     The present invention provides numerous advantages, some of which have already been pointed out previously. 
     The confinement cabin for working operative areas is provided with closing doors, which require limited maneuvering space in opening and closing and at the same time are not subject to the limits associated with the presence of sliding guides. 
     Due to the fact that the pivoting-tilting door (double or single) with which it is provided can abut against a sealing gasket, the confinement cabin  1  according to the present invention provides complete shielding of the working operative area also at the door, avoiding the accidental entry or exit of substances and/or materials from and into the inner space. Therefore, the cabin  1  provides complete protection to operators present in the environment near the cabin or greater protection of the inner operative area. 
     The confinement cabin for working operative areas is simple and inexpensive to realize, since the construction of the pivoting-tilting door (double or single) with which it is provided does not require use of expensive components. 
     Therefore, the invention thus conceived achieves the intended purposes. 
     Obviously, in the practical embodiment thereof, it may also take shapes and configurations different from the ones shown above, without thereby departing from the scope of protection as described and claimed herein. 
     Moreover, all details may be replaced by technically equivalent elements, and any size, shape and material may be used according to the needs.