Patent Publication Number: US-11639259-B1

Title: Combination lock for liquid bottles

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Not Applicable 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH 
     Not Applicable 
     REFERENCE TO APPENDIX 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to the field of containers including accessories for a container, more specifically, the application of a permutation lock to a container. (B65D55/145) 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     The combination lock for a liquid bottle is a container. The combination lock for a liquid bottle is configured for use in storing a liquid or a solid. The combination lock for a liquid bottle is a secured device. By secured device is meant that the structure of the combination lock for a liquid bottle is formed with a lock that prevents unauthorized entry into the combination lock for a liquid bottle. The combination lock for a liquid bottle comprises a bottle, a bottle cap, and a permutation lock structure. The permutation lock structure mounts in the bottle cap. The bottle cap attaches to the bottle. The bottle cap forms a fluid impermeable seal that encloses the liquid in the bottle. The permutation lock structure fixes the bottle cap in the closed position. 
     These together with additional objects, features and advantages of the combination lock for a liquid bottle will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the presently preferred, but nonetheless illustrative, embodiments when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
     In this respect, before explaining the current embodiments of the combination lock for a liquid bottle in detail, it is to be understood that the combination lock for a liquid bottle is not limited in its applications to the details of construction and arrangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustration. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the concept of this disclosure may be readily utilized as a basis for the design of other structures, methods, and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the combination lock for a liquid bottle. 
     It is therefore important that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent construction insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the combination lock for a liquid bottle. It is also to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. They are meant to be exemplary illustrations provided to enable persons skilled in the art to practice the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    is an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    is a top view of an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the disclosure across  5 - 5  as shown in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  6    is a detail view of an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT 
     The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the described embodiments of the application and uses of the described embodiments. As used herein, the word “exemplary” or “illustrative” means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” or “illustrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. All of the implementations described below are exemplary implementations provided to enable persons skilled in the art to practice the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. 
     Detailed reference will now be made to one or more potential embodiments of the disclosure, which are illustrated in  FIGS.  1  through  6   . 
     The combination lock for a liquid bottle  100  (hereinafter invention) is a containment structure. The invention  100  is configured for use in storing a liquid. The invention  100  is a secured device. By secured device is meant that the structure of the invention  100  is formed with a lock that prevents unauthorized entry into the invention  100 . The invention  100  comprises a bottle  101 , a bottle  101  cap  102 , and a permutation lock structure  103 . The permutation lock structure  103  mounts in the bottle  101  cap  102 . The bottle  101  cap  102  attaches to the bottle  101 . The bottle  101  cap  102  forms a fluid impermeable seal that encloses the liquid in the bottle  101 . The permutation lock structure  103  fixes the bottle  101  cap  102  in the closed position. 
     The bottle  101  forms a containment structure. The bottle  101  forms a fluid impermeable structure suitable for use in storing a liquid. The bottle  101  has a composite prism structure. The bottle  101  comprises a container  111 , a neck  112 , an exterior screw thread  113 , and an exterior pin slot  114 . 
     The container  111  is a prism-shaped structure. The container  111  forms a fluid impermeable containment space. The container  111  forms the primary storage space for the liquid. The container  111  approximates a pan shape. By approximates is meant that the open face of the pan shape of the container  111  is enclosed by the neck  112 . 
     The neck  112  forms an aperture that provides access to the interior containment space of the container  111 . The neck  112  is a prism-shaped structure. The neck  112  is a tubular structure. The structure of the neck  112  encloses the open face of the pan shape of the container  111  such that the neck  112  and the container  111  combine to form a composite prism structure. The liquid contained in the bottle  101  is introduced into and removed from the container  111  through the neck  112 . 
     The exterior screw thread  113  forms a portion of the threaded connection that secures the bottle  101  cap  102  to the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The exterior screw thread  113  is formed on the exterior lateral face of the prism structure of the neck  112 . The exterior screw thread  113  is defined elsewhere in this disclosure. 
     The exterior pin slot  114  is a negative space. The exterior pin slot  114  is a prism-shaped structure. The exterior pin slot  114  is formed into the exterior screw thread  113  of the bottle  101  such that the center axis of the prism shape of the exterior pin slot  114  is parallel to the center axis of the composite prism structure of the bottle  101 . The exterior pin slot  114  forms a release channel used by the permutation lock structure  103  to allow the bottle  101  cap  102  to be placed onto and removed from the bottle  101 . 
     The bottle  101  cap  102  is a pan shaped structure. The bottle  101  cap  102  attaches to the bottle  101  to form a fluid impermeable seal. The bottle  101  cap  102  attaches to the bottle  101  using a threaded connection. The bottle  101  cap  102  encloses the liquid in the bottle  101 . The bottle  101  cap  102  screws onto the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The bottle  101  cap  102  comprises a pan structure  121  and an interior screw thread  122 . 
     The pan structure  121  is a prism-shaped structure. The pan structure  121  is a hollow structure. The pan structure  121  has a pan shape. The pan shape of the pan structure  121  is geometrically similar to the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The span of the length of the inner diameter of the pan structure  121  is greater than the span of the length of the outer diameter of the neck  112  of the bottle  101  such that the neck  112  inserts into the pan structure  121  as the bottle  101  cap  102  screws onto the neck  112 . The pan structure  121  encloses the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The pan structure  121  forms a fluid impermeable seal with the neck  112 . 
     The interior screw thread  122  forms a portion of the threaded connection that secures the bottle  101  cap  102  to the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The interior screw thread  122  is formed on the interior lateral face of the pan structure  121 . The interior screw thread  122  is sized such that the exterior screw thread  113  screws into the interior screw thread  122  as the bottle  101  cap  102  is screwed onto the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . 
     The permutation lock structure  103  attaches to the bottle  101  cap  102 . The permutation lock structure  103  releasably locks the bottle  101  cap  102  to the bottle  101  in the closed position. The permutation lock structure  103  prevents the liquid from being removed from the bottle  101  when the bottle  101  cap  102  encloses the bottle  101 . The permutation lock structure  103  is a permutation lock. The permutation lock structure  103  is released by entering a previously determined number into the permutation lock structure  103 . The permutation lock structure  103  is a prism-shaped structure. The permutation lock structure  103  is geometrically similar to the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . The permutation lock structure  103  mounts on the exterior lateral face of the pan structure  121  of the bottle  101  cap  102 . 
     The permutation lock structure  103  further comprises a plurality of permutation rotors  131 . The plurality of permutation rotors  131  forms a framework that attaches to the lateral face of the pan structure  121  of the bottle  101  cap  102 . The plurality of permutation rotors  131  forms a rotating structure. 
     The plurality of permutation rotors  131  presents a plurality of images such that the plurality of images are visible from the exterior of the bottle  101  cap  102 . The position of any first image presented by the plurality of permutation rotors  131  changes relative to the position of at least one other image presented by the bottle  101  cap  102  when the plurality of permutation rotors  131  is rotated. When the plurality of images presented by the plurality of permutation rotors  131  are aligned into a previously determined pattern, the permutation lock structure  103  goes into an “unlocked” state that allows the bottle  101  cap  102  to be screwed onto and removed from the bottle  101 . When the plurality of images presented by the plurality of permutation rotors  131  are not aligned into the previously determined pattern, the permutation lock structure  103  goes into a “locked” state that prevents the bottle  101  cap  102  from screwing onto and being removed from the bottle  101 . 
     The plurality of permutation rotors  131  comprises a collection of individual permutation rotors  141 . 
     Each individual permutation rotor  141  is a ring-shaped structure. The characteristic aperture formed by the ring structure of the individual permutation rotor  141  is geometrically similar to the pan structure  121  of the bottle  101  cap  102 . The span of the length of the inner diameter of the characteristic aperture of the individual permutation rotor  141  is greater than the span of the length of the outer diameter of the pan structure  121  of the bottle  101  cap  102  such that the individual permutation rotor  141  fits around the lateral face of the pan structure  121 . 
     Each individual permutation rotor  141  is secured to the lateral face of the pan structure  121  such that each individual permutation rotor  141  rotates relative to the pan structure  121 . Each individual permutation rotor  141  is secured to the lateral face of the pan structure  121  such that any first individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131  will rotate relative to any second individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . 
     Each individual permutation rotor  141  is secured to the lateral face of the pan structure  121  such that the rotation of any first individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131  is independent of the rotation of any second individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . The independent rotation of each individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131  allows the plurality of permutation rotors  131  to be rotated into the position that aligns the plurality of permutation rotors  131  into the previously determined pattern that moves the permutation lock structure  103  into its unlocked state. 
     Each individual permutation rotor  141  comprises a rotor ring  142 , an orientation image  143 , and a pin structure  144 . 
     The rotor ring  142  is a disk-shaped structure. The rotor ring  142  has a ring shape. The rotor ring  142  physically forms the ring structure of the individual permutation rotor  141 . The rotor ring  142  is the physical structure of the individual permutation rotor  141  that is rotated to align the permutation lock structure  103  into the unlocked position. The characteristic aperture formed by the ring structure of the rotor ring  142  is a negative space. The characteristic aperture formed by the ring structure of the rotor ring  142  forms a composite prism structure with the rotor ring  142 . The rotor ring  142  further comprises an inner lateral face  151  and an outer lateral face  152 . 
     The inner lateral face  151  is the lateral face of the negative space that forms the characteristic aperture of the ring structure of the rotor ring  142 . The inner lateral face  151  forms the inner perimeter of the ring structure of the rotor ring  142 . The outer lateral face  152  is the lateral face of the disk structure of the rotor ring  142 . The outer lateral face  152  forms the outer perimeter of the ring structure of the rotor ring  142 . 
     The orientation image  143  is a collection of indicia that are formed on the outer lateral face  152  of the ring structure of the rotor ring  142 . The orientation image  143  forms a set of positional markers that marks a set of fixed positions on the rotor ring  142 . 
     The use of the orientation image  143  on the rotor ring  142  of each individual permutation rotor  141  allows the user to rotate the position of any first individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131  to a previously determined position relative to any second individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . The use of the orientation image  143  visually allows the plurality of permutation rotors  131  to be rotated into the position that aligns the plurality of permutation rotors  131  into the previously determined pattern that moves the permutation lock structure  103  into its unlocked state. 
     In the first potential embodiment of the disclosure, each indicia presented by the orientation image  143  presents the sentiment of a number. 
     The pin structure  144  is a prism-shaped structure. The pin structure  144  is formed on the inner lateral face  151  of the rotor ring  142 . The pin structure  144  of any first individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131  is geometrically identical to the pin structure  144  of any second individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . 
     The position of the pin structure  144  relative to the orientation image  143  is known for each individual permutation rotor  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . The position of the pin structure  144  relative to the orientation image  143  can vary between any two individual permutation rotors  141  selected from the plurality of permutation rotors  131 . 
     When the plurality of images presented by the plurality of permutation rotors  131  are aligned into the previously determined pattern that unlocks the permutation lock structure  103 , the pin structure  144  of each of the individual permutation rotors  141  are aligned to form a composite prism structure that is further aligned with the center axis of the exterior pin slot  114  of the exterior screw thread  113  on the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . This alignment of the pin structures  144  allows the bottle  101  cap  102  to be removed from the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . 
     When the plurality of images presented by the plurality of permutation rotors  131  are not aligned into the previously determined pattern that unlocks the permutation lock structure  103 , one or more of the pin structures  144  of the individual permutation rotors  141  are moved out of alignment with the exterior pin slot  114  such that the bottle  101  cap  102  remains secured, or locked, to the neck  112  of the bottle  101 . 
     The following definitions were used in this disclosure: 
     Align: As used in this disclosure, align refers to an arrangement of objects that are: 1) arranged in a straight plane or line; 2) arranged to give a directional sense of a plurality of parallel planes or lines; or, 3) a first line or curve is congruent to and overlaid on a second line or curve. 
     Bottle: As used in this disclosure, a bottle is a container used for the storage of fluids. Access to the interior of a bottle is gained through the neck of the bottle. The neck is an elongated tube that forms an aperture through which fluids can be introduced and removed from the bottle. 
     Bottle Cap: As used in this disclosure, a bottle cap refers to a lid that is used to enclose the open neck of a bottle. A disposable bottle cap refers to a bottle cap that must be pried off of the neck of the bottle. A reusable bottle cap refers to a bottle cap that attaches to the neck of the bottle using a threaded connection. 
     Center: As used in this disclosure, a center is a point that is: 1) the point within a circle that is equidistant from all the points of the circumference; 2) the point within a regular polygon that is equidistant from all the vertices of the regular polygon; 3) the point on a line that is equidistant from the ends of the line; 4) the point, pivot, or axis around which something revolves; or, 5) the centroid or first moment of an area or structure. In cases where the appropriate definition or definitions are not obvious, the fifth option should be used in interpreting the specification. 
     Center Axis: As used in this disclosure, the center axis is the axis of a cylinder or a prism. The center axis of a prism is the line that joins the center point of the first congruent face of the prism to the center point of the second corresponding congruent face of the prism. The center axis of a pyramid refers to a line formed through the apex of the pyramid that is perpendicular to the base of the pyramid. When the center axes of two cylinder, prism or pyramidal structures share the same line they are said to be aligned. When the center axes of two cylinder, prism or pyramidal structures do not share the same line they are said to be offset. 
     Center of Rotation: As used in this disclosure, the center of rotation is the point of a rotating plane that does not move with the rotation of the plane. A line within a rotating three-dimensional object that does not move with the rotation of the object is also referred to as an axis of rotation. 
     Closed Position: As used in this disclosure, a closed position refers to a movable barrier structure that is in an orientation that prevents passage through a port or an aperture. The closed position is often referred to as an object being “closed.” Always use orientation. 
     Composite Prism: As used in this disclosure, a composite prism refers to a structure that is formed from a plurality of structures selected from the group consisting of a prism structure and a pyramid structure. The plurality of selected structures may or may not be truncated. The plurality of prism structures are joined together such that the center axes of each of the plurality of structures are aligned. The congruent ends of any two structures selected from the group consisting of a prism structure and a pyramid structure need not be geometrically similar. 
     Congruent: As used in this disclosure, congruent is a term that compares a first object to a second object. Specifically, two objects are said to be congruent when: 1) they are geometrically similar; and, 2) the first object can superimpose over the second object such that the first object aligns, within manufacturing tolerances, with the second object. 
     Correspond: As used in this disclosure, the term correspond is used as a comparison between two or more objects wherein one or more properties shared by the two or more objects match, agree, or align within acceptable manufacturing tolerances. 
     Disk: As used in this disclosure, a disk is a prism-shaped object that is flat in appearance. The disk is formed from two congruent ends that are attached by a lateral face. The sum of the surface areas of two congruent ends of the prism-shaped object that forms the disk is greater than the surface area of the lateral face of the prism-shaped object that forms the disk. In this disclosure, the congruent ends of the prism-shaped structure that forms the disk are referred to as the faces of the disk. 
     Exterior: As used in this disclosure, the exterior is used as a relational term that implies that an object is not contained within the boundary of a structure or a space. 
     Exterior Screw Thread: An exterior screw thread is a ridge wrapped around the outer surface of a tube in the form of a helical structure that is used to convert rotational movement into linear movement. 
     Flow: As used in this disclosure, a flow refers to the passage of a fluid past a fixed point. This definition considers bulk solid materials as capable of flow. 
     Fluid: As used in this disclosure, a fluid refers to a state of matter wherein the matter is capable of flow and takes the shape of a container it is placed within. The term fluid commonly refers to a liquid or a gas. 
     Form Factor: As used in this disclosure, the term form factor refers to the size and shape of an object. 
     Gas: As used in this disclosure, a gas refers to a state (phase) of matter that is fluid and that fills the volume of the structure that contains it. Stated differently, the volume of a gas always equals the volume of its container. 
     Geometrically Similar: As used in this disclosure, geometrically similar is a term that compares a first object to a second object wherein: 1) the sides of the first object have a one to one correspondence to the sides of the second object; 2) wherein the ratio of the length of each pair of corresponding sides are equal; 3) the angles formed by the first object have a one to one correspondence to the angles of the second object; and, 4) wherein the corresponding angles are equal. The term geometrically identical refers to a situation where the ratio of the length of each pair of corresponding sides equals 1. 
     Helix: As used in this disclosure, a helix is the three-dimensional structure that would be formed by a wire that is wound uniformly around the surface of a cylinder or a cone. If the wire is wrapped around a cylinder the helix is called a cylindrical helix. If the wire is wrapped around a cone, the helix is called a conical helix. A synonym for conical helix would be a volute. 
     Image: As used in this disclosure, an image is an optical representation or reproduction of an indicia or of the appearance of something or someone. See indicia sentiment optical character recognition. 
     Independent: As used in this disclosure, the term independent refers to the relationship between the operation and control of a first device and a second device. The first device and the second device are independent from each other if: a) the operation of the first device is neither impacted nor influenced by the operation of the second device; and, b) the operation of the second device is neither impacted nor influenced by the operation of the first device. 
     Indicia: As used in this disclosure, the term indicia refers to a set of markings that identify a sentiment. 
     Inner Dimension: As used in this disclosure, the term inner dimension describes the span from a first inside or interior surface of a container to a second inside or interior surface of a container. The term is used in much the same way that a plumber would refer to the inner diameter of a pipe. 
     Inner Perimeter and Outer Perimeter: As used in this disclosure, the inner perimeter and the outer perimeter refer to two geometrically similar structures of a curved object. The inner perimeter refers to the geometrically similar structure with the shorter span of length. The outer perimeter refers to the geometrically similar structure with the greater span of length. 
     Interior: As used in this disclosure, the interior is used as a relational term that implies that an object is contained within the boundary of a structure or a space. 
     Interior Screw Thread: An interior screw thread is a groove that is formed around the inner surface of a tube in the form of a helical structure that is used to convert rotational movement into linear movement. 
     Liquid: As used in this disclosure, a liquid refers to a state (phase) of matter that is fluid and that maintains, for a given pressure, a fixed volume that is independent of the volume of the container. 
     Lock: As used in this disclosure, a lock is a releasable fastening device that secures a rotating mechanical device into a fixed position. 
     Loop: As used in this disclosure, a loop is the length of a first linear structure including, but not limited to, shafts, lines, cords, or webbings, that is: 1) folded over and joined at the ends forming an enclosed space; or, 2) curved to form a closed or nearly closed space within the first linear structure. In both cases, the space formed within the first linear structure is such that a second linear structure such as a line, cord or a hook can be inserted through the space formed within the first linear structure. Within this disclosure, the first linear structure is said to be looped around the second linear structure. 
     Negative Space: As used in this disclosure, negative space is a method of defining an object through the use of open or empty space as the definition of the object itself, or, through the use of open or empty space to describe the boundaries of an object. 
     One to One: When used in this disclosure, a one to one relationship means that a first element selected from a first set is in some manner connected to only one element of a second set. A one to one correspondence means that the one to one relationship exists both from the first set to the second set and from the second set to the first set. A one to one fashion means that the one to one relationship exists in only one direction. 
     Open Position: As used in this disclosure, an open position refers to a movable barrier structure that is in an orientation that allows passage through a port or an aperture. The open position is often referred to as an object being “open.” 
     Orientation: As used in this disclosure, orientation refers to the positioning of a first object relative to: 1) a second object; or, 2) a fixed position, location, or direction. 
     Outer Dimension: As used in this disclosure, the term outer dimension describes the span from a first exterior or outer surface of a tube or container to a second exterior or outer surface of a tube or container. The term is used in much the same way that a plumber would refer to the outer diameter of a pipe. 
     Pan: As used in this disclosure, a pan is a hollow and prism-shaped containment structure. The pan has a single open face. The open face of the pan is often, but not always, the superior face of the pan. The open face is a surface selected from the group consisting of: a) a congruent end of the prism structure that forms the pan; and, b) a lateral face of the prism structure that forms the pan. A semi-enclosed pan refers to a pan wherein the closed end of prism structure of the pan and/or a portion of the closed lateral faces of the pan is are open. 
     Perimeter: As used in this disclosure, a perimeter is one or more curved or straight lines that bounds an enclosed area on a plane or surface. The perimeter of a circle is commonly referred to as a circumference. 
     Permutation Lock and Combination Lock: As used in this disclosure, the permutation lock and the combination lock are locks that are opened by entering a set of previously determined set of numbers. A combination lock requires that each number be entered sequentially into the lock. A permutation lock requires the single entry of a single number. Each number contained in the set of previously determined numbers used in a combination lock is generally formed as a sequence of two digit numbers. The number that forms the set of previously determined numbers used in a permutation lock generally comprises three or more digits. The combination lock can be identified by the presence of a dial. A permutation lock can often be identified by the presence of a numbered rotor for each digit that forms the number that forms the set of previously determined numbers. 
     Prism: As used in this disclosure, a prism is a three-dimensional geometric structure wherein: 1) the form factor of two faces of the prism are congruent; and, 2) the two congruent faces are parallel to each other. The two congruent faces are also commonly referred to as the ends of the prism. The surfaces that connect the two congruent faces are called the lateral faces. In this disclosure, when further description is required a prism will be named for the geometric or descriptive name of the form factor of the two congruent faces. If the form factor of the two corresponding faces has no clearly established or well-known geometric or descriptive name, the term irregular prism will be used. The center axis of a prism is defined as a line that joins the center point of the first congruent face of the prism to the center point of the second corresponding congruent face of the prism. The center axis of a prism is otherwise analogous to the center axis of a cylinder. A prism wherein the ends are circles is commonly referred to as a cylinder. 
     Ring: As used in this disclosure, a ring is term that is used to describe a disk-like structure through which an aperture is formed. Rings are often considered loops. 
     Rotation: As used in this disclosure, rotation refers to the cyclic movement of an object around a fixed point or fixed 6 axis. The verb of rotation is to rotate. 
     7 Screw: As used in this disclosure, to screw is a verb meaning: 1) to fasten or unfasten (unscrew) a threaded connection; or 2) to attach a helical structure to a solid structure. 
     Sentiment: As used in this disclosure, a sentiment refers to a symbolic meaning or message that is communicated through the use of an image, potentially including a text based image. 
     Slot: As used in this disclosure, a slot is a prism-shaped negative space formed as a groove or aperture that is formed in or through an object. 
     Such As: As used in this disclosure, the term “such as” is a conjunction that relates a first phrase to a subsequent phrase. The term “such as” is used to introduce representative examples of structures that meet the requirements of the first phrase. As a first example of the use of the term “such as,” the phrase: “the first textile attaches to the second textile using a fastener such as a hook and loop fastener” is taken to mean that a hook and loop fastener is suitable to use as the fastener but is not meant to exclude the use of a zipper or a sewn seam. As a second example of the use of the term “such as,” the phrase: “the chemical substance is a halogen such as chlorine or bromine” is taken to mean that either chlorine or bromine are suitable for use as the halogen but is not meant to exclude the use of fluorine or iodine. 
     Such That: As used in this disclosure, the term “such that” is a conjunction that relates a first phrase to a subsequent phrase. The term “such that” is used to place a further limitation or requirement to the first phrase. As a first example of the use of the term “such that,” the phrase: “the door attaches to the wall such that the door rotates relative to the wall” requires that the attachment of the door allows for this rotation. As a second example of the use of the term “such that,” the phrase: “the chemical substance is selected such that the chemical substance is soluble in water” requires that the selected chemical substance is soluble in water. As a third example of the use of the term “such that,” the phrase: “the lamp circuit is constructed such that the lamp circuit illuminates when the lamp circuit detects darkness” requires that the lamp circuit: a) detect the darkness; and, b) generate the illumination when the darkness is detected. 
     Threaded Connection: As used in this disclosure, a threaded connection is a type of fastener that is used to join a first cylindrical object and a second cylindrical object together. The first cylindrical object is fitted with a first fitting selected from an interior screw thread or an exterior screw thread. The second cylindrical object is fitted with the remaining screw thread. The cylindrical object fitted with the exterior screw thread is placed into the remaining cylindrical object such that: 1) the interior screw thread and the exterior screw thread interconnect; and, 2) when the cylindrical object fitted with the exterior screw thread is rotated the rotational motion is converted into linear motion that moves the cylindrical object fitted with the exterior screw thread either into or out of the remaining cylindrical object. The direction of linear motion is determined by the direction of rotation. 
     Tube: As used in this disclosure, a tube is a hollow prism-shaped device formed with two open congruent ends. The tube is used for transporting liquids (including bulk solids) and gases. The line that connects the center of the first congruent face of the prism to the center of the second congruent face of the prism is referred to as the center axis of the tube or the centerline of the tube. When two tubes share the same centerline they are said to be aligned. When the centerlines of two tubes are perpendicular to each other, the tubes are said to be perpendicular to each other. In this disclosure, the terms inner dimensions of a tube and outer dimensions of a tube are used as they would be used by those skilled in the plumbing arts. 
     With respect to the above description, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationship for the various components of the invention described above and in  FIGS.  1  through  6    include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function, and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the invention. 
     It shall be noted that those skilled in the art will readily recognize numerous adaptations and modifications which can be made to the various embodiments of the present invention which will result in an improved invention, yet all of which will fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims. Accordingly, the invention is to be limited only by the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.