Patent Publication Number: US-2023138642-A1

Title: Bandwidth part (bwp) configuration for full duplex

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation and claims the benefit of U.S. Pat. Application No. 16/838,713, entitled, “BANDWIDTH PART (BWP) CONFIGURATION FOR FULL DUPLEX,” filed on Apr. 2, 2020, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wireless communication systems, and more particularly, to bandwidth part (BWP) configuration for full duplex communications. Certain embodiments of the technology discussed below can enable and provide for full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations (e.g., including a plurality of half duplex frequency-based BWPs comprising a subset of bandwidth of corresponding defined BWPs). 
     INTRODUCTION 
     Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks, which are usually multiple access networks, support communications for multiple users by sharing the available network resources. 
     A wireless communication network may include a number of base stations or node Bs that can support communication for a number of user equipments (UEs). A UE may communicate with a base station via downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the base station to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the base station. 
     A base station may transmit data and control information on the downlink to a UE and/or may receive data and control information on the uplink from the UE. On the downlink, a transmission from the base station may encounter interference due to transmissions from neighbor base stations or from other wireless radio frequency (RF) transmitters. On the uplink, a transmission from the UE may encounter interference from uplink transmissions of other UEs communicating with the neighbor base stations or from other wireless RF transmitters. This interference may degrade performance on both the downlink and uplink. 
     As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, the possibilities of interference and congested networks grows with more UEs accessing the long-range wireless communication networks and more short-range wireless systems being deployed in communities. Research and development continue to advance wireless technologies not only to meet the growing demand for mobile broadband access, but to advance and enhance the user experience with mobile communications. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF SOME EMBODIMENTS 
     The following summarizes some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the discussed technology. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated features of the disclosure and is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of all aspects of the disclosure nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the disclosure in summary form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later. 
     In one aspect of the disclosure, a method of wireless communication is provided. A method may include providing a first full duplex (FD) frequency-based bandwidth part (BWP) configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. A method may also include assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to configure one or more communications devices for communication during the FD operation. 
     In another aspect, another method of wireless communication is provided. Such a method can include assigning FD BWP configurations to one or more communication devices for communications during FD communication. A method may also include signaling indications of assigned configurations to one or more communication devices. Indications may include information (e.g., control or data), to indicate to one or more communication devices a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration and/or a plurality of BWPs. One or more of the BWPs can comprise a subset of bandwidth, and the bandwidth subset may correspond to a defined BWP. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication is provided. An apparatus may include means for providing a FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. An apparatus may also include means for assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to configure one or more communications devices for communication during the FD operation. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon is provided. Program code may include code to provide a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. Program code may also include code to assign the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to configure one or more communications devices for communication during the FD operation. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. A processor may be configured to provide a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. A processor may also be configured to assign the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to configure one or more communications devices for communication during the FD operation. 
     In another aspect, another wireless communication device is provided. Such a device can be configured to assign FD BWP configurations to one or more communication devices for communications during FD communication. Assignments may be made via the device’s communication interface (e.g., transceiver) and a processor implementing one or more instructions. A device may also include a device’s communication interface signaling indications of assigned configurations to one or more communication devices. Indications may include information (e.g., control or data), to indicate to one or more communication devices a first full duplex (FD) frequency-based bandwidth part (BWP) configuration and/or a plurality of BWPs. One or more of the BWPs can comprise a subset of bandwidth, and the bandwidth subset may correspond to a defined BWP. 
     In accordance with aspects of the disclosure, the foregoing systems, methods, and apparatuses may be implemented in combination with one or more additional features, such as the following features whether alone or in combination. For example, the above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include at least one of the individual BWPs providing a segmented BWP configuration having non-contiguous bandwidth portions. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the plurality of BWPs having a first BWP configuration including a first bandwidth of a downlink half duplex (HD) BWP of the defined BWP and a second BWP configuration including a second bandwidth of an uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP that are non-overlapping in frequency, wherein at least one of the first bandwidth or the second bandwidth includes a subset of a respective one of the downlink HD BWP or uplink HD BWP, and wherein the assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration for FD wireless communication includes assigning the first BWP configuration for a downlink of the FD wireless communication and assigning the second BWP configuration for an uplink of the FD wireless communication. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP at least partially overlapping in frequency, wherein the first bandwidth of the first BWP configuration and the second bandwidth of the second BWP configuration are non-overlapping portions of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP being non-overlapping in frequency, wherein the first bandwidth of the first BWP configuration and the second bandwidth of the second BWP configuration are non-overlapping portions of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP separated by a guard band defined at least in part by the subset bandwidth of the respective one of the downlink HD BWP or uplink HD BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include providing a plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets each including a plurality of BWPs, wherein the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration is an uplink and downlink BWP pair set of the plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include two or more uplink and downlink BWP pair sets of the plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets being defined for bandwidth of a downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and bandwidth of the uplink HD BWP of the BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the two or more uplink and downlink BWP pair sets defined for the bandwidth of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the BWP including a first uplink and downlink BWP pair set configured to support FD operation and a second uplink and downlink BWP pair set configured to support HD operation. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the two or more uplink and downlink BWP pair sets defined for the bandwidth of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the BWP expanding the downlink BWP to at least a first BWP configuration configured to support FD operation and a second BWP configuration configured to support HD operation and expanding the uplink BWP to at least a third BWP configuration configured to support FD operation and a fourth BWP configuration configured to support HD operation. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration assigns a first BWP configuration of the FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a communication device for communication of FD slots or symbols, and assigning a second BWP configuration to the communication device for communication of HD slots or symbols, wherein transitioning between FD operation and HD operation is based on a duplexing nature of a respective slot or symbol. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration assigning a first portion of a first BWP configuration of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a first HD mode communication device communicating with a FD mode communication device, a second portion of the first BWP configuration of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a second HD mode communication device communicating with the FD mode communication device, and at least a portion of a second BWP configuration of the FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a third HD mode communication device communicating with the FD mode communication device. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the assigning the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration assigning a first portion of a first BWP configuration of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a first HD mode communication device communicating with a FD mode communication device, a second portion of the first BWP configuration of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration to a first FD mode communication device communicating with the FD mode communication device, and at least a portion of a second BWP configuration of the FD frequency-based BWP configuration to the first FD mode communication device. 
     In one aspect of the disclosure, a method of wireless communication is provided. A method may include obtaining a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. A method may also include communicating during the FD operation using a first one or more BWPs of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication is provided. An apparatus may include means for obtaining a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. An apparatus may also include means for communicating during the FD operation using a first one or more BWPs of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon is provided. Program code may include code to obtain a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. Program code may also include code to communicate during the FD operation using a first one or more BWPs of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. 
     In an additional aspect of the disclosure, an apparatus configured for wireless communication is provided. The apparatus includes at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. A processor may be configured to obtain a first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. The FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may include a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for FD operation. A processor may also be configured to communicate during the FD operation using a first one or more BWPs of the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration. 
     In accordance with aspects of the disclosure, the foregoing systems, methods, and apparatuses may be implemented in combination with one or more additional features, such as the following features whether alone or in combination. For example, the above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include at least one of the individual BWPs having a segmented BWP configuration having non-contiguous bandwidth portions. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the FD frequency-based BWP configuration having a first BWP configuration including a first bandwidth of a downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and a second BWP configuration including a second bandwidth of the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP that are non-overlapping in frequency, wherein at least one of the first bandwidth or the second bandwidth comprises a subset of a respective one of the downlink HD BWP or uplink HD BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP being at least partially overlapping in frequency, wherein the first bandwidth of the first BWP configuration and the second bandwidth of the second BWP configuration are non-overlapping portions of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the downlink HD BWP of the defined BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP being non-overlapping in frequency, wherein the first bandwidth of the first BWP configuration and the second bandwidth of the second BWP configuration are non-overlapping portions of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP separated by a guard band defined at least in part by the subset bandwidth of the respective one of the downlink HD BWP or uplink HD BWP. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the first BWP configuration having an uplink and downlink BWP pair set of a plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets including a plurality of BWPs. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include two or more uplink and downlink BWP pair sets being defined for the bandwidth of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP including a first uplink and downlink BWP pair set configured to support FD operation and a second uplink and downlink BWP pair set configured to support HD operation. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include two or more uplink and downlink BWP pair sets being defined for the bandwidth of the downlink HD BWP and the uplink HD BWP of the defined BWP expanding the downlink BWP to at least a first BWP configuration configured to support FD operation and a second BWP configuration configured to support HD operation and expanding the uplink BWP to at least a third BWP configuration configured to support FD operation and a fourth BWP configuration configured to support HD operation. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include the communicating during FD wireless communication operation using the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration is for communication of FD slots or symbols, and communicating during HD operation using a second one or more BWPs of a second BWP configuration for communication of HD slots or symbols, wherein transitioning between FD operation and HD operation is based on a duplexing nature of a respective slot or symbol. The above systems, methods, and apparatuses may include defaulting to a HD BWP configuration of the defined BWP upon expiration of a BWP inactivity timer. 
     Other aspects, features, and embodiments will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, upon reviewing the following description of specific, exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying figures. While features may be discussed relative to certain embodiments and figures below, all embodiments can include one or more of the advantageous features discussed herein. In other words, while one or more embodiments may be discussed as having certain advantageous features, one or more of such features may also be used in accordance with the various embodiments. In similar fashion, while exemplary embodiments may be discussed below as device, system, or method embodiments the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various devices, systems, and methods. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by reference to the following drawings. In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label. 
         FIG.  1    is a block diagram illustrating details of a wireless communication system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of a base station and a UE configured according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  3 A- 3 D  illustrate various configurations of duplex modes as may be utilized by wireless communication stations according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  4 A- 4 C  illustrate instances of self-interference introduced by full duplex wireless communications according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  illustrate examples of overlapping bandwidth with respect to defined BWPs according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  5 C and  5 D  illustrate examples of non-overlapping bandwidth with respect to defined BWPs according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  show examples of usable bandwidth for full duplex operation selected from defined downlink and uplink BWPs according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  7    illustrates example full duplex operation implementing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  8  and  9    illustrate sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs provided with respect to different defined downlink and uplink BWPs according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  10 A and  10 B  illustrate examples in which BWP portions of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration are allocated to multiple UEs according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  11    is a block diagram illustrating example blocks executed by a wireless communication device, such as a base station, according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  12    is a block diagram illustrating example blocks executed by a wireless communication device, such as a UE, according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  13    is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of a base station configured for implementing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  14    is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of a UE configured for implementing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration according to some aspects of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The detailed description set forth below, in connection with the appended drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Rather, the detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the inventive subject matter. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every case and that, in some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of presentation. 
     This disclosure relates generally to providing or participating in communication as between two or more wireless devices in one or more wireless communications systems, also referred to as wireless communications networks. In various embodiments, the techniques and apparatus may be used for wireless communication networks such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, 5 th  Generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as “5G NR” networks/systems/devices), as well as other communications networks. As described herein, the terms “networks” and “systems” may be used interchangeably. 
     A CDMA network, for example, may implement a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA), cdma2000, and the like. UTRA includes wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and low chip rate (LCR). CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards. 
     A TDMA network may, for example implement a radio technology such as GSM. 3GPP defines standards for the GSM EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution) radio access network (RAN), also denoted as GERAN. GERAN is the radio component of GSM/EDGE, together with the network that joins the base stations (for example, the Ater and Abis interfaces) and the base station controllers (A interfaces, etc.). The radio access network represents a component of a GSM network, through which phone calls and packet data are routed from and to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and Internet to and from subscriber handsets, also known as user terminals or user equipments (UEs). A mobile phone operator’s network may comprise one or more GERANs, which may be coupled with Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Networks (UTRANs) in the case of a UMTS/GSM network. An operator network may also include one or more LTE networks, and/or one or more other networks. The various different network types may use different radio access technologies (RATs) and radio access networks (RANs). 
     An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM and the like. UTRA, E-UTRA, and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) are part of universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS). In particular, long term evolution (LTE) is a release of UMTS that uses E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS and LTE are described in documents provided from an organization named “3 rd  Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP), and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization named “3 rd  Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2). These various radio technologies and standards are known or are being developed. For example, the 3 rd  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is a collaboration between groups of telecommunications associations that aims to define a globally applicable third generation (3G) mobile phone specification. 3GPP long term evolution (LTE) is a 3GPP project which was aimed at improving the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) mobile phone standard. The 3GPP may define specifications for the next generation of mobile networks, mobile systems, and mobile devices. The present disclosure is concerned with the evolution of wireless technologies from LTE, 4G, 5G, NR, and beyond with shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using a collection of new and different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces. 
     5G networks contemplate diverse deployments, diverse spectrum, and diverse services and devices that may be implemented using an OFDM-based unified, air interface. To achieve these goals, further enhancements to LTE and LTE-A are considered in addition to development of the new radio technology for 5G NR networks. The 5G NR will be capable of scaling to provide coverage (1) to a massive Internet of things (IoTs) with an ultra-high density (e.g., ~1 M nodes/km 2 ), ultra-low complexity (e.g., ~10s of bits/sec), ultra-low energy (e.g., -10 \+ years of battery life), and deep coverage with the capability to reach challenging locations; (2) including mission-critical control with strong security to safeguard sensitive personal, financial, or classified information, ultra-high reliability (e.g., -99.9999% reliability), ultra-low latency (e.g., ∼ 1 ms), and users with wide ranges of mobility or lack thereof; and (3) with enhanced mobile broadband including extreme high capacity (e.g., ~ 10 Tbps/km 2 ), extreme data rates (e.g., multi-Gbps rate, 100+ Mbps user experienced rates), and deep awareness with advanced discovery and optimizations. 
     5G NR devices, networks, and systems may be implemented to use optimized OFDM-based waveform features. These features may include scalable numerology and transmission time intervals (TTIs); a common, flexible framework to efficiently multiplex services and features with a dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD)/frequency division duplex (FDD) design; and advanced wireless technologies, such as massive multiple input, multiple output (MIMO), robust millimeter wave (mmWave) transmissions, advanced channel coding, and device-centric mobility. Scalability of the numerology in 5G NR, with scaling of subcarrier spacing, may efficiently address operating diverse services across diverse spectrum and diverse deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments of less than 3 GHz FDD/TDD implementations, subcarrier spacing may occur with 15 kHz, for example over 1, 5, 10, 20 MHz, and the like bandwidth. For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments of TDD greater than 3 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 30 kHz over 80/100 MHz bandwidth. For other various indoor wideband implementations, using a TDD over the unlicensed portion of the 5 GHz band, the subcarrier spacing may occur with 60 kHz over a 160 MHz bandwidth. Finally, for various deployments transmitting with mmWave components at a TDD of 28 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 120 kHz over a 500 MHz bandwidth. 
     The scalable numerology of 5G NR facilitates scalable TTI for diverse latency and quality of service (QoS) requirements. For example, shorter TTI may be used for low latency and high reliability, while longer TTI may be used for higher spectral efficiency. The efficient multiplexing of long and short TTIs to allow transmissions to start on symbol boundaries. 5G NR also contemplates a self-contained integrated subframe design with uplink/downlink scheduling information, data, and acknowledgement in the same subframe. The self-contained integrated subframe supports communications in unlicensed or contention-based shared spectrum, adaptive uplink/downlink that may be flexibly configured on a per-cell basis to dynamically switch between uplink and downlink to meet the current traffic needs. 
     For clarity, certain aspects of the apparatus and techniques may be described below with reference to exemplary LTE implementations or in an LTE-centric way, and LTE terminology may be used as illustrative examples in portions of the description below; however, the description is not intended to be limited to LTE applications. Indeed, the present disclosure is concerned with shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces, such as those of 5G NR. 
     Moreover, it should be understood that, in operation, wireless communication networks adapted according to the concepts herein may operate with any combination of licensed or unlicensed spectrum depending on loading and availability. Accordingly, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that the systems, apparatus and methods described herein may be applied to other communications systems and applications than the particular examples provided. 
     While aspects and embodiments are described in this application by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Innovations described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, embodiments and/or uses may come about via integrated chip embodiments and/or other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail/purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described innovations may occur. Implementations may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregated, distributed, or OEM devices or systems incorporating one or more described aspects. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described embodiments. It is intended that innovations described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of implementations, including both large/small devices, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g. RF-chain, communication interface, processor), distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution. 
       FIG.  1    shows wireless network  100  for communication according to some embodiments. Wireless network  100  may, for example, comprise a 5G wireless network. As appreciated by those skilled in the art, components appearing in  FIG.  1    are likely to have related counterparts in other network arrangements including, for example, cellular-style network arrangements and non-cellular-style-network arrangements (e.g., device to device or peer to peer or ad hoc network arrangements, etc.). 
     Wireless network  100  illustrated in  FIG.  1    includes a number of base stations  105  and other network entities. A base station may be a station that communicates with the UEs and may also be referred to as an evolved node B (eNB), a next generation eNB (gNB), an access point, and the like. Each base station  105  may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to this particular geographic coverage area of a base station and/or a base station subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In implementations of wireless network  100  herein, base stations  105  may be associated with a same operator or different operators (e.g., wireless network  100  may comprise a plurality of operator wireless networks), and may provide wireless communications using one or more of the same frequencies (e.g., one or more frequency bands in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination thereof) as a neighboring cell. In some examples, an individual base station  105  or UE  115  may be operated by more than one network operating entity. In other examples, each base station  105  and UE  115  may be operated by a single network operating entity. 
     A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell or a small cell, such as a pico cell or a femto cell, and/or other types of cell. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a pico cell, would generally cover a relatively smaller geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a femto cell, would also generally cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs for users in the home, and the like). A base station for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station or a home base station. In the example shown in  FIG.  1   , base stations  105   d  and  105   e  are regular macro base stations, while base stations  105   a - 105   c  are macro base stations enabled with one of 3 dimension (3D), full dimension (FD), or massive MIMO. Base stations  105   a - 105   c  take advantage of their higher dimension MIMO capabilities to exploit 3D beamforming in both elevation and azimuth beamforming to increase coverage and capacity. Base station  105   f  is a small cell base station which may be a home node or portable access point. A base station may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four, and the like) cells. 
     Wireless network  100  may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. In some scenarios, networks may be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous or asynchronous operations. 
     UEs  115  are dispersed throughout the wireless network  100 , and each UE may be stationary or mobile. It should be appreciated that, although a mobile apparatus is commonly referred to as user equipment (UE) in standards and specifications promulgated by the 3 rd  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such apparatus may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal (AT), a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a terminal, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, a gaming device, an augmented reality device, a vehicular component device/module, or some other suitable terminology. Within the present document, a “mobile” apparatus or UE need not necessarily have a capability to move, and may be stationary. Some non-limiting examples of a mobile apparatus, such as may comprise embodiments of one or more of UEs  115 , include a mobile, a cellular (cell) phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a laptop, a personal computer (PC), a notebook, a netbook, a smart book, a tablet, and a personal digital assistant (PDA). A mobile apparatus may additionally be an “Internet of things” (IoT) or “Internet of everything” (IoE) device such as an automotive or other transportation vehicle, a satellite radio, a global positioning system (GPS) device, a logistics controller, a drone, a multi-copter, a quad-copter, a smart energy or security device, a solar panel or solar array, municipal lighting, water, or other infrastructure; industrial automation and enterprise devices; consumer and wearable devices, such as eyewear, a wearable camera, a smart watch, a health or fitness tracker, a mammal implantable device, gesture tracking device, medical device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, etc.; and digital home or smart home devices such as a home audio, video, and multimedia device, an appliance, a sensor, a vending machine, intelligent lighting, a home security system, a smart meter, etc. In one aspect, a UE may be a device that includes a Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). In another aspect, a UE may be a device that does not include a UICC. In some aspects, UEs that do not include UICCs may also be referred to as IoE devices. UEs  115   a - 115   d  of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG.  1    are examples of mobile smart phone-type devices accessing wireless network 100 A UE may also be a machine specifically configured for connected communication, including machine type communication (MTC), enhanced MTC (eMTC), narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) and the like. UEs  115   e - 115   k  illustrated in  FIG.  1    are examples of various machines configured for communication that access wireless network  100 . 
     A mobile apparatus, such as UEs  115 , may be able to communicate with any type of the base stations, whether macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relays, and the like. In  FIG.  1   , a lightning bolt (e.g., communication link) indicates wireless transmissions between a UE and a serving base station, which is a base station designated to serve the UE on the downlink and/or uplink, or desired transmission between base stations, and backhaul transmissions between base stations. UEs may operate as base stations or other network nodes in some scenarios. Backhaul communication between base stations of wireless network  100  may occur using wired and/or wireless communication links. 
     In operation at wireless network  100 , base stations  105   a - 105   c  serve UEs  115   a  and  115   b  using 3D beamforming and coordinated spatial techniques, such as coordinated multipoint (CoMP) or multi-connectivity. Macro base station  105   d  performs backhaul communications with base stations  105   a - 105   c , as well as small cell, base station  105   f . Macro base station  105   d  also transmits multicast services which are subscribed to and received by UEs  115   c  and  115   d . Such multicast services may include mobile television or stream video, or may include other services for providing community information, such as weather emergencies or alerts, such as Amber alerts or gray alerts. 
     Wireless network  100  of embodiments supports mission critical communications with ultra-reliable and redundant links for mission critical devices, such UE  115   e , which is a drone. Redundant communication links with UE  115   e  include from macro base stations  105   d  and  105   e , as well as small cell base station  105   f . Other machine type devices, such as UE  115   f  (thermometer), UE  115   g  (smart meter), and UE  115   h  (wearable device) may communicate through wireless network  100  either directly with base stations, such as small cell base station  105   f , and macro base station  105   e , or in multi-hop configurations by communicating with another user device which relays its information to the network, such as UE  115   f  communicating temperature measurement information to the smart meter, UE  115   g , which is then reported to the network through small cell base station  105   f . Wireless network  100  may also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD/FDD communications, such as in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs  115   i - 115   k  communicating with macro base station  105   e . 
       FIG.  2    shows a block diagram of a design of a base station  105  and a UE  115 , which may be any of the base stations and one of the UEs in  FIG.  1   . For a restricted association scenario (as mentioned above), base station  105  may be small cell base station  105   f  in  FIG.  1   , and UE  115  may be UE  115   c  or  115 D operating in a service area of base station  105   f , which in order to access small cell base station  105   f , would be included in a list of accessible UEs for small cell base station  105   f . Base station  105  may also be a base station of some other type. As shown in  FIG.  2   , base station  105  may be equipped with antennas  234   a  through  234   t , and UE  115  may be equipped with antennas  252   a  through  252   r  for facilitating wireless communications. 
     At the base station  105 , a transmit processor  220  may receive data from a data source  212  and control information from a controller/processor  240 . The control information may be for the physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid-ARQ (automatic repeat request) indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), enhanced physical downlink control channel (EPDCCH), MTC physical downlink control channel (MPDCCH), etc. The data may be for the PDSCH, etc. The transmit processor  220  may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transmit processor  220  may also generate reference symbols, e.g., for the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and cell-specific reference signal. Transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor  230  may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to modulators (MODs)  232   a  through  232   t . Each modulator  232  may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator  232  may additionally or alternatively process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from modulators  232   a  through  232   t  may be transmitted via the antennas  234   a  through  234   t , respectively. 
     At the UE  115 , the antennas  252   a  through  252   r  may receive the downlink signals from the base station  105  and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs)  254   a  through  254   r , respectively. Each demodulator  254  may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator  254  may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector  256  may obtain received symbols from demodulators  254   a  through  254   r , perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. Receive processor  258  may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE  115  to a data sink  260 , and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor  280 . 
     On the uplink, at the UE  115 , a transmit processor  264  may receive and process data (e.g., for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) from a data source  262  and control information (e.g., for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) from the controller/processor  280 . Transmit processor  264  may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal. The symbols from the transmit processor  264  may be precoded by TX MIMO processor  266  if applicable, further processed by the modulators  254   a  through  254   r  (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to the base station  105 . At base station  105 , the uplink signals from UE  115  may be received by antennas  234 , processed by demodulators  232 , detected by MIMO detector  236  if applicable, and further processed by receive processor  238  to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE  115 . Receive processor  238  may provide the decoded data to data sink  239  and the decoded control information to controller/processor  240 . 
     Controllers/processors  240  and  280  may direct the operation at base station  105  and UE  115 , respectively. Controller/processor  240  and/or other processors and modules at base station  105  and/or controller/processor  28  and/or other processors and modules at UE  115  may perform or direct the execution of various processes for the techniques described herein, such as to perform or direct the execution illustrated in  FIGS.  11  and  12   , and/or other processes for the techniques described herein. Memories  242  and  282  may store data and program codes for base station  105  and UE  115 , respectively. Scheduler  244  may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink. 
     Wireless communications systems operated by different network operating entities (e.g., network operators) may share spectrum. In some instances, a network operating entity may be configured to use an entirety of a designated shared spectrum for at least a period of time before another network operating entity uses the entirety of the designated shared spectrum for a different period of time. Thus, in order to allow network operating entities use of the full designated shared spectrum, and in order to mitigate interfering communications between the different network operating entities, certain resources (e.g., time) may be partitioned and allocated to the different network operating entities for certain types of communication. 
     For example, a network operating entity may be allocated certain time resources reserved for exclusive communication by the network operating entity using the entirety of the shared spectrum. The network operating entity may also be allocated other time resources where the entity is given priority over other network operating entities to communicate using the shared spectrum. These time resources, prioritized for use by the network operating entity, may be utilized by other network operating entities on an opportunistic basis if the prioritized network operating entity does not utilize the resources. Additional time resources may be allocated for any network operator to use on an opportunistic basis. 
     Access to the shared spectrum and the arbitration of time resources among different network operating entities may be centrally controlled by a separate entity, autonomously determined by a predefined arbitration scheme, or dynamically determined based on interactions between wireless nodes of the network operators. 
     In some cases, UE  115  and base station  105  may operate in a shared radio frequency spectrum band, which may include licensed or unlicensed (e.g., contention-based) frequency spectrum. In an unlicensed frequency portion of the shared radio frequency spectrum band, UEs  115  or base stations  105  may traditionally perform a medium-sensing procedure to contend for access to the frequency spectrum. For example, UE  115  or base station  105  may perform a listen before talk (LBT) procedure such as a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the shared channel is available. A CCA may include an energy detection procedure to determine whether there are any other active transmissions. For example, a device may infer that a change in a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of a power meter indicates that a channel is occupied. Specifically, signal power that is concentrated in a certain bandwidth and exceeds a predetermined noise floor may indicate another wireless transmitter. A CCA also may include detection of specific sequences that indicate use of the channel. For example, another device may transmit a specific preamble prior to transmitting a data sequence. In some cases, an LBT procedure may include a wireless node adjusting its own backoff window based on the amount of energy detected on a channel and/or the acknowledge/negative-acknowledge (ACK/NACK) feedback for its own transmitted packets as a proxy for collisions. 
     Bandwidth parts (BWPs) may be used in a variety of arrangements or manners in various communication scenarios. BWPs can be used to enable flexibility in how resources are assigned (e.g., in a given carrier). BWPs may vary in size and structure. As one example, a BWP may be a subset of contiguous common physical resource blocks (PRBs) of a component carrier in which multiple, different signal types can be sent. In other scenarios, one or more BWPs may be arranged in a spaced out or non-contiguous manner. Generally BWPs can enable multiplexing of different signals and signal types, such as for better utilization and adaptation of spectrum and UE power. 
     BWPs may also have a variety of operational characteristics. For example, each BWP may be defined with one or more of its own numerology, frequency location, bandwidth size, and control resource set (CORESET). In some scenarios, additionally or alternatively, BWPs can be configured differently and/or uniquely with its own signal characteristic(s). Generally, one defined BWP may be active in the uplink and one defined BWP may be active in the downlink at a given time. Also in some instances, for an activated cell, there is an active downlink BWP for the downlink carrier and an active uplink BWP for the uplink carrier. The active BWP can be one of the defined BWPs, and the base station can switch the active BWP to another defined BWP (e.g., timer-based, downlink control information (DCI) based, or radio resource control (RRC) signaling). 
     Wireless devices (e.g., one or more of UEs  115  and/or base station  105 ) of wireless network  100  may operate in half duplex mode or full duplex mode.  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C  illustrate various configurations of full duplex modes in a single component carrier as may be utilized by wireless communication stations of 5G network  100 . Correspondingly,  FIG.  3 D  illustrates a configuration of a half duplex mode as may be utilized by wireless communication stations of 5G network  100 . It should be appreciated that  FIGS.  3 A- 3 D  present examples with respect to duplex mode configurations that may be utilized and are not intended to be limiting with respect to the particular duplex mode configurations that may be utilized by wireless communication stations that may implement full duplex operation according to concepts of the disclosure. 
     As can be seen in  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C , uplink signals  301  of the full duplex modes overlap downlink signals  302  in time. That is, in these examples, a wireless communication station implementing a full duplex mode with respect to wireless communications transmits and receives at the same time. In contrast, a wireless communication station implementing a half duplex mode of the example of  FIG.  3 D  transmits and receives at different times. Accordingly, uplink signal  311  of the example half duplex mode shown in  FIG.  3 D  does not overlap downlink single  312  in time. 
     Various configurations may be utilized with respect to a full duplex mode, as represented by the examples of  FIGS.  3 A- 3 C . For example,  FIGS.  3 A and  3 B  show examples of in-band full duplex, wherein uplink signals  301  of the full duplex modes overlap downlink signals  302  in time and frequency. That is the uplink signals and downlink signals at least partially share the same time and frequency resource (e.g., full or partial overlap of the uplink and downlink signals in the time and frequency domains). In another configuration of a full duplex mode,  FIG.  3 C  shows an example of sub-band full duplex, wherein uplink signal  301  of the full duplex mode overlaps downlink signal  302  in time, but not in frequency. That is the uplink signals and downlink signals at least partially share the same time resource (e.g., full or partial overlap of the uplink and downlink signals in the time domain), but do not share the same frequency resource. In the example illustrated in  FIG.  3 C , uplink signal  301  and downlink signal  302  are separated in the frequency domain by guard band  303  (e.g., a relatively narrow amount of frequency spectrum separating the frequency band occupied by the uplink and downlink signals). 
       FIGS.  4 A- 4 C  illustrate example instances of the use of full and half duplex modes in wireless communications. It should be appreciated that  FIGS.  4 A- 4 C  represent a portion of 5G network  100  selected for illustrating the use of full and half duplex modes and that the particular base stations and UEs depicted are not intended to be limiting with respect to the various wireless communication stations that may implement the various duplex modes according to concepts of the disclosure. 
     In the example of  FIG.  4 A , base station  105   d  is operating in a full duplex mode while UEs  115   c  and  115   d  are operating in a half duplex mode. In this example, base station  105   d  receives uplink signal  401  from UE  115   d  and transmits downlink signal  402  to UE  115   c  using a shared time resource (e.g., simultaneous downlink and uplink transmission), and possibly a shared frequency resource. 
     In the example of  FIG.  4 B , base station  105   d  and UE  115   c  are each operating in a full duplex mode. In this example, UE  115   c  transmits uplink signal  401  and receives downlink signal  402  using a shared time resource (e.g., simultaneous downlink and uplink transmission), and possibly a shared frequency resource. 
     In the example of  FIG.  4 C , UE  115   c  is operating in a full duplex mode (e.g., implementing a multiple transmission and reception (multi-TRP) architecture). As with the example of  FIG.  4 B , UE  115   c  transmits uplink signal  401  and receives downlink signal  402  using a shared time resource (e.g., simultaneous downlink and uplink transmission), and possibly a shared frequency resource. 
     BWP configurations supporting full duplex operation are defined according to embodiments of the present disclosure. Full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations may, for example, be configured as a subset of defined BWP resources for supporting full duplex operation by base stations (e.g., supporting full duplex communications in the examples of  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B ) and/or UEs (e.g., supporting full duplex communications in the examples of  FIGS.  4 B and  4 C ). Transition between configurations and modes (e.g., between full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations, between half duplex and full duplex modes, etc.) is managed according to embodiments to avoid periods in which a communication device cannot perform any uplink or downlink transmissions due to switching between defined BWP configurations, or otherwise reduces BWP switching time. 
     In operation of wireless communication within wireless network  100 , some communication frame time slots can be designated as full duplex and others can be designated as half duplex. For half duplex slots, the downlink and uplink transmissions may be timewise non-overlapping (e.g., occur separated in time, like TDD operation). Component carrier bandwidth may thus be allocated for either downlink or uplink communications with respect to a half duplex time slot. For full duplex slots, the downlink and uplink transmissions may overlap in time (e.g., occur simultaneously, like FDD operation). Component carrier bandwidth may thus be divided into portions for downlink and uplink communications with respect to a full duplex time slot. 
     In accordance with some aspects of the disclosure, full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations can provide one or more active BWPs. For example, in some scenarios, these configurations may provide two active BWPs (e.g., one for the downlink and one for the uplink). The configurations for BWPs may be provided for any particular time slot or symbol. As described above, full duplex operation according to embodiments enables and supports downlink and uplink transmissions overlapping in time (e.g., simultaneous downlink and uplink transmissions). Accordingly, the full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations of embodiments implement one or more constraints with respect to the bandwidth and frequency location, such as to define non-overlapping portions of BWP frequency resources and/or one or more guard bands. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations that include a plurality BWPs, comprising a subset of bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP, that are usable for full duplex operation. 
     Defined BWPs (e.g., legacy downlink and uplink half duplex BWPs) can be situated in various arrangements with respect to each other. In some scenarios, BWPs may be overlapping or non-overlapping with respect to frequency and/or time.  FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  illustrate examples of overlapping bandwidth with respect to defined BWPs. In the examples, downlink BWP  501  and uplink BWP  502  are defined so as to comprise a common portion (overlap  551 ) of the component carrier bandwidth. The bandwidth overlap with respect to the defined BWPs may be partial, as shown in  FIG.  5 A  (e.g., overlap  551   a  is less than the bandwidth of at least one of downlink BWP  501   a  and uplink BWP  502   a ). Alternatively or additionally, the bandwidth overlap with respect to the defined BWPs may be full, as shown in  FIG.  5 B  (e.g., overlap  551   b  is the full bandwidth of downlink BWP  501   b  and uplink BWP  502   b ).  FIGS.  5 C and  5 D  illustrate examples of non-overlapping bandwidth with respect to defined BWPs. In the examples, downlink BWP  501  and uplink BWP  502  are defined so as to comprise no common portions of the component carrier bandwidth. The non-overlapping bandwidth with respect to the defined BWPs may be non-contiguous, as shown in  FIG.  5 C  (e.g., having gap  552  between the bandwidth of downlink BWP  501   c  and the bandwidth of uplink BWP  502   c ). Alternatively, the non-overlapping bandwidth with respect to the defined BWPs may be contiguous, as shown in  FIG.  5 D  (e.g., having no gap between the bandwidth of downlink BWP  501   d  and the bandwidth of uplink BWP  502   d ). 
     Irrespective of the particular configuration of defined BWPs (e.g., partially overlapping uplink/downlink BWPs, fully overlapping uplink/downlink BWPs, non-contiguous non-overlapping uplink/downlink BWPs, or contiguous non-overlapping uplink/downlink BWPs), usable BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be defined according to embodiments of the present disclosure. These variable and varied configuration types can provide a subset of bandwidth of corresponding defined BWPs supporting full duplex operation of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. Accordingly, BWPs comprising bandwidth and frequency location constrained subsets of resources from active downlink half duplex and uplink half duplex defined BWPs can be used simultaneously (e.g., in the same time slot, the same symbol, etc.) for full duplex operation of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. 
     In providing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration according to some aspects of the disclosure, the full duplex usable bandwidth (e.g., subsets of BWP resources) is selected from one or more defined BWPs (e.g., legacy uplink and downlink BWPs) for full duplex operation. In accordance with some embodiments, the usable bandwidth selected for a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration can be segmented (e.g., one or more segments which are disjoint in frequency). When operating in a full duplex slot, symbol, or other epoch, a communication device may operate in the usable bandwidth of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration corresponding to active uplink and downlink defined BWPs. 
       FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  show examples of usable bandwidth for full duplex operation selected from defined downlink and uplink BWPs. In the example of  FIG.  6 A , the defined downlink half duplex and uplink half duplex BWPs are overlapping in frequency and the usable bandwidth for a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration is selected as non-overlapping subsets of bandwidth of the defined downlink and uplink BWPs. In the example of  FIG.  6 B , the defined downlink and uplink BWPs are non-overlapping in frequency and the usable bandwidth for a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration is selected as subsets of bandwidth of the defined downlink and uplink BWPs, as will be discussed further below. 
     Referring first to the example of  FIG.  6 A , usable bandwidth is selected as BWP  612  in defined downlink half duplex BWP  610  (e.g., a legacy downlink BWP). As shown, BWP  612  has segments comprising upper frequency BWP  612   a  as a fist segment and lower frequency BWP  612   b  as a second segment. Also, usable bandwidth is selected as BWP  622  in defined uplink half duplex BWP  620  (e.g., a legacy uplink BWP). As can be seen in  FIG.  6 A , the bandwidths of BWP  612  and BWP  622  are selected so as to be non-overlapping in frequency. 
     In accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, BWPs of full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations may be variously selected subsets of corresponding defined BWPs. For example, the frequencies, bandwidth, etc. of the BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be selected as appropriate for any scenario. It should be appreciated that, although both BWP  612  and BWP  622  of the example are each bandwidth subsets of a corresponding defined half duplex BWP, the BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration of some embodiments may comprise the full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP (e.g., in a situation where the defined BWPs are partially overlapping). Generally, these approaches and other configurations may occur so long as appropriate constraints with respect to bandwidth concerns, timing alignments, and frequency locations are met (e.g., the BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration are non-overlapping, guard band needs are satisfied, etc.). Moreover, as shown by the example of BWP  612  in  FIG.  6 A , the bandwidth of a BWP of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be segmented (e.g., comprising upper frequency BWP  612   a  as a fist segment and lower frequency BWP  612   b  as a second segment). The number of segments, the bandwidth of the segments, the bandwidth spacing, etc. of a particular segmented BWP may be configured based upon various aspects of the communications, such as the uplink and/or downlink data traffic, the number of communication devices engaged in the full duplex communications, guard band needs, etc. In accordance with some aspects of the disclosure, the BWPs accommodate full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations in which center frequencies of the uplink and downlink BWPs are not aligned (i.e., center frequency alignment is not provided). 
     Bandwidth and frequency location constraints implemented with respect to BWP configurations supporting full duplex operation of embodiments provide for defining one or more guard bands between BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. As an example, guard band  630  is defined in the example of  FIG.  6 A  to provide instances of bandwidth, disposed between the uplink and downlink BWPs of the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration, that remain unused for uplink/downlink communications. In the example of  FIG.  6 A , BWP  612  for the downlink is segmented. The guard band  630  is provided to include guard band  630   a  and guard band  630   b  separating BWP  612  from BWP  622  in the frequency domain. The bandwidth of guard bands may comprise a frequency band determined to facilitate adequate isolation (e.g., uplink/downlink interference below a predetermined threshold level). 
     Guard band format and size may vary according to aspects of the present disclosure. In some scenarios, guard bands can be sized and/or spaced apart to enable full duplex communication using concurrent communications via an uplink BWP and a downlink BWP of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. The bandwidth of a particular guard band may, for example, vary based upon attributes such as the frequencies of the corresponding uplink and downlink communications, the amount of isolation desired, the sub-carrier spacing of the uplink and downlink BWPs, the time difference between the start of uplink and downlink signals, the particular channels to be carried in the BWPs, etc. The determination of the bandwidth of guard bands  630  of embodiments may depend on the UE capabilities to suppress the self-interference from its uplink transmission to the downlink reception and on the UE uplink transmit power. In most scenarios, the measured power of the residual self-interference (i.e., after UE mitigation of the self-interference) is to be lower than a specified threshold such that the UE can perform proper downlink reception. 
     Referring now to the example of  FIG.  6 B , usable bandwidth is selected as BWP  612  in defined downlink half duplex BWP  610  (e.g., a legacy downlink BWP). Also, usable bandwidth is selected as BWP  622  in defined uplink half duplex BWP  620  (e.g., a legacy uplink BWP). As can be seen in  FIG.  6 A , the bandwidths of defined downlink half duplex BWP  610  and defined uplink half duplex BWP  620  are non-overlapping, however BWPs  612  and  622  of the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration are selected subsets of the corresponding defined half duplex BWPs. For example, the usable bandwidth of the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be configured to satisfy guard band needs using a bandwidth subset of either or both of the defined half duplex BWPs. In the example of  FIG.  6 B , although gap  652  is present between the bandwidth of defined downlink half duplex BWP  610  and the bandwidth of defined uplink half duplex BWP  602 , gap  652  may comprise insufficient bandwidth for use as a guard band. Accordingly, BWP  622  in defined uplink half duplex BWP  620  may be selected as a subset of the defined BWP bandwidth to provide guard band  630  which combined with gap  652  satisfies one or more guard band need. 
     In accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, the BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be as large as the defined BWPs (e.g., legacy downlink and uplink BWPs), or may be some sub-portion thereof. Such subletting of the BWPs of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration facilitates fast adaptation between legacy TDD slots and FD slots of embodiments, where minimal impact to RF retuning and baseband processing is needed. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates an example in which a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration in accordance with concepts of the present disclosure is implemented via full duplex operation. In particular,  FIG.  7    shows the use of various different BWP configurations (shown as BWP configurations  701 ,  702 , and  703 ) over time (shown as time slots N, N+1, N+2, and N+3). Although the example of  FIG.  7    illustrates a time aspect as comprising time slots (e.g., communication frame time slots), a time aspect of the BWP configurations of embodiments herein may comprise any suitable epoch (e.g., slot, symbol, etc.). 
     BWP configuration  701  comprises half duplex frequency-based BWP  711  including full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP. In some scenarios, legacy downlink BWP configuration parameters of an active downlink BWP may be defined. As shown, in some examples, defined BWPs may be for a component carrier being allocated for half duplex downlink communication at slot N. Similarly, BWP configuration  702  of the example of  FIG.  7    comprises half duplex frequency-based BWP  721  including the full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP (e.g., legacy uplink BWP configuration parameters of an active downlink BWP) for a component carrier being allocated for half duplex uplink communication at slot N+3. 
     In contrast, BWP configuration  703  comprises a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration including BWP  712  and BWP  722  (e.g., as may correspond to the example of  FIG.  6 A ). BWP  712  of the example in  FIG.  7    includes a subset of the corresponding defined BWP (e.g., subset of the frequency resources of the active downlink half duplex BWP) for a component carrier being allocated for downlink communication of full duplex communications at slots N+1 and N+2. Correspondingly, BWP  722  includes a subset of the corresponding defined BWP (e.g., subset of the frequency resources of the active uplink BWP) for a component carrier being allocated for uplink communications of full duplex communications at slots N+1 and N+2. Using constraints with respect to the bandwidth and frequency location implemented in BWP  712  and BWP  722  of half duplex BWP configuration  730 , non-overlapping portions of BWP frequency resources are defined for supporting full duplex operation in which downlink and uplink transmissions overlap in time (e.g., simultaneous downlink and uplink transmissions). 
     As shown in the example of  FIG.  7   , a wireless device using full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations of embodiments may transition between full duplex operation and half duplex operation. Transitions may be based on a duplexing nature of a respective slot or symbol. Transition of resources can occur using different resources of the active uplink and/or downlink defined BWPs. A wireless device may additionally or alternatively transition between full duplex operation according to a first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration and a second full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. BWP configurations can correspond to active uplink and downlink defined BWPs (e.g., where a plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets, each including usable bandwidth selected from the active uplink and downlink defined BWPs for full duplex operation). Such intra defined BWP transitions avoids the BWP switching time which is often greater than 1ms. That is, transitioning between full duplex operation and half duplex operation, as well as transitioning between different configurations of full duplex operation, may be accomplished with switching times of less than 1ms according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     In accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs (e.g., BWP pairs for different full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations) may be provided to support various communication modes. For example, a first uplink and downlink BWP pair set may comprise BWP  712  and BWP  722  providing the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration of BWP configuration  703  shown in  FIG.  7    supporting full duplex operation. A second uplink and downlink BWP set may comprise different selected BWPs (e.g., the BWPs of  FIG.  6 B , different BWPs selected from defined half duplex downlink BWP  610  and defined uplink half duplex BWP  620  of  FIG.  6 A , etc.) providing a different full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration also supporting full duplex operation. In accordance with embodiments, a plurality of uplink and downlink BWP pair sets providing full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations are configured to satisfy frequency domain aspects (e.g., bandwidth and frequency) for full duplex operation. Other uplink and downlink BWP pair sets may, however, be configured for half duplex operation. For example, a third uplink and downlink BWP set may comprise a BWP including the full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP (e.g., half duplex frequency-based BWP  711  or BWP  712  of  FIG.  7   ) while the other BWP of the set provides a null bandwidth. Accordingly, sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided for various combinations of full duplex and/or half duplex operation. 
     A plurality of sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided with respect to different defined downlink and uplink BWPs. For example, a first set of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided for first active defined downlink and uplink BWPs (e.g., active downlink BWP  810   a  and active uplink BWP  820   a  of  FIG.  8   ) while a second set of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided for second active defined downlink and uplink BWPs (e.g., active downlink BWP  810   b  and active uplink BWP  820   b  of  FIG.  8   ). Embodiments may utilize BWP switching methodology (e.g., BWP switching  801  of  FIG.  8   ) in switching between the different sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs, such as to switch between half duplex and full duplex operation or even to switch between different configurations of full duplex operation. 
     Additionally or alternatively, a plurality of sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided with respect to a particular defined downlink and uplink BWPs. For example, a first set of uplink and downlink BWP pairs and a second set of uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be provided for a defined downlink and uplink BWPs (e.g., active downlink BWP  910  and active uplink BWP  920  of  FIG.  9   ). Implicit BWP switching based on the duplexing nature of the time slots and/or symbols may be utilized in switching between half duplex and full duplex operation or even in switching between different configurations of full duplex operation using the different sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs of the active defined downlink and uplink BWPs.  FIG.  9   , for example, illustrates implicit BWP switching between different full duplex frequency-based BWP configurations for switching between different configurations of full duplex operation. 
     As should be understood from the foregoing, various options for determining the BWP to switch to for implicit BWP switch may be provided. For example, multiple sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs for active BWPs may be defined for different duplexing modes (e.g., one or more sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs for half duplex slots, one or more sets of uplink and downlink BWP pairs for full duplex slots, etc.). When transitioning between half duplex and full duplex slots, or when transitioning between full duplex slots having different uplink/downlink configurations, the active BWP implicitly changes to the corresponding set of uplink and downlink BWP pairs. As another example, active uplink and downlink BWP pairs may be expanded from a set of downlink and uplink half duplex frequency-based BWPs (e.g., {DL, UL}) to a set also including a downlink half duplex frequency-based BWP and an uplink half duplex frequency-based BWP (e.g., {DL-HD, UL-HD, DL-FD, UL-FD}). In this example, additionally and/or alternatively, an associated active downlink and uplink BWP supporting full duplex operation may be used when transitioning to a full duplex slot or symbol. 
     Implicit BWP switching provided according to embodiments of the disclosure facilitates a relaxation of (i.e. faster) BWP switching delay, and thus may be utilized to improve the switch latency. Moreover, BWP configurations can be configured to support disjoint frequency ranges within a BWP, an excluded frequency range within the BWP for full duplex operation, etc. 
       FIG.  10 A  illustrates an example in which BWP portions of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration are allocated to multiple UEs. In the example of  FIG.  10 A , a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration is used with respect to wireless devices operating in a combination of full duplex and half duplex operation. For example, a base station may operate in full duplex mode while some or all of the UEs are only half duplex capable. The base station (or network node) can adjust and/or tailor its operations in light of UE capabilities.  FIG.  10 A  shows the use of various different BWP configurations (shown as BWP configurations  1001 ,  1002 , and  1003 ) over time (shown as time slots N, N+1, N+2, and N+3) where the base station operates in full duplex mode while serving three UEs (UE1, UE2, and UE3) operating in half duplex mode. 
     Each of the illustrated BWP configurations ( 1001 ,  1002 , and  1003 ) have a number of formats and features. As one example, BWP configuration  1001  comprises half duplex frequency-based BWP  1011 . As illustrated, BWP configuration  1001  includes the full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP for a component carrier, and thus may be allocated to one or more UEs for half duplex downlink communication at slot N. Similarly, BWP configuration  1002  of the example of  FIG.  10 A  comprises half duplex frequency-based BWP  1021 . BWP configuration  1002  may include the full bandwidth of a corresponding defined BWP for a component carrier, and thus may be allocated to one or more UEs for half duplex uplink communication at slot N+3. BWP configuration  1003 , however, comprises a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration including BWP  1012  and BWP  1022 . The BWPs of BWP configuration  1003  may be allocated to different ones of the UEs for their use in half duplex communication at slots N+1 and N+2. BWP configuration  1003  includes both uplink and downlink BWPs (uplink BWP  1022  and downlink BWP  1012 ), and thus the base station may operate in a full duplex mode despite the individual UEs operating in half duplex mode. 
     In the illustrated example of BWP configuration  1003 , BWP  1022  includes a subset of the corresponding defined BWP (e.g., subset of the frequency resources of the active uplink BWP) for a component carrier being allocated to UE3 for uplink communications. Further, in the illustrated example of BWP configuration  1003 , BWP  1021  includes a subset of the corresponding defined BWP (e.g., subset of the frequency resources of the active downlink BWP) for a component carrier being allocated for downlink communication. In this example, the bandwidth of BWP  1021  is segmented. A first segment comprising upper frequency BWP  1012   a  is allocated to UE2 for downlink communications and a second segment comprising lower frequency BWP  1012   b  is allocated to UE1 for downlink communications. Accordingly, BWP portions of the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration of BWP configuration  1003  are allocated to different UEs, including portions for different link directions (e.g., uplink/downlink) being allocated to different UEs and portions for a same link direction (e.g., downlink, as shown, or uplink) being allocated to different UEs. 
     Although the example of  FIG.  10 A  is described with reference to BWP  1021  being segmented as upper frequency BWP  1012   a  and lower frequency BWP  1012   b , multiple independent BWPs having disjoint frequency bands may be provided according to some embodiments. Moreover, a BWP need not be segmented, or multiple independent BWPs need not be provided, in order to support allocation of portions of the full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration to different UEs for a same link direction. That is, portions within a contiguous bandwidth of a half duplex frequency-based BWP may be allocated to different UEs, or other wireless communication devices in some implementations. 
     Continuing with the example of  FIG.  10 A , it can be seen that changing the slot/symbol format from half duplex to full duplex, or vice versa, may have an effect on the BWP of the half duplex UE. In accordance with some aspects, the UEs may be configured using slot configurations (e.g., a selected slot configuration from a set of different predefined half-duplex slot configurations {HD1, HD2, HD3,... }, or the UEs may be dynamically signaled with respect to slot/symbol format changes. UE communication operation may, for example, be defined with BWP sets that include UL/DL BWP configurations corresponding to the different HD slots configuration. In the example of  FIG.  10 A , the communication operation with respect to UE1, UE2, and UE3 may be configured as follows:
     UE1 = {DL-HD1=100 MHz, UL-HD1=100 Mhz, DL-HD2=40 MHz lower, UL-HD2 = Null, ...}   UE2 = {DL-HD1=Null, UL-HD1=100 Mhz, DL-HD2=40 MHz upper, UL-HD2 = Null, ...}   UE3 = {DL-HD1=Null, UL-HD1=100 Mhz, DL-HD2=null, UL-HD2 = 20 MH center, ...}   
When there is a transition between HD1 and HD2 slots, the UE may change the active BWP implicitly to UL-HD2 and DL-HD2 within the BWP set.
       FIG.  10 B  illustrates another example in which BWP portions of a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration are allocated to multiple UEs. In the example of  FIG.  10 B , a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration is used with respect to UEs operating in a combination of full duplex and half duplex operation. For example, in addition to a base station operating in full duplex mode, a full duplex capable UE (shown as UE2 in time slots N+1 and N+2) is operating in full duplex mode. A UE that is only half duplex capable (shown as UE1 in time slots N, N+1, and N+2) is operating in half duplex mode, as does the full duplex capable UE when operating with respect to a half duplex BWP configuration (shown as UE2 in time slot N+3), in the illustrated example. 
     In some aspects of the disclosure, a half duplex BWP configuration (e.g., legacy downlink and/or uplink BWPs of a defined BWP) may be designated as a default BWP configuration to be used by wireless devices of wireless network  100 . For example, a BWP timer (e.g., inactivity timer) may be utilized with respect to BWP configuration assignments such that, when the BWP timer expires, a UE may default to operation in half duplex mode. If a slot/symbol is full duplex (e.g., implementing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration), a UE operating in defaulted half duplex mode may assume that the slot/symbol is a half duplex slot/symbol, or skip the slot. Transition from current active BWP to a default BWP may follow various procedures. For example, if the current active BWP configuration is in full duplex, a wireless device may transition the current active BWP configuration to half duplex, and thereafter the wireless device may transition to the default BWP configuration in half duplex. In another example, if the current active BWP configuration is in full duplex, a wireless device may transition the current active BWP configuration to the default BWP in full duplex, and thereafter the wireless device may transition to the default BWP configuration in half duplex. In the foregoing examples, separate or same inactivity timer values for a BWP timer may be utilized for the transition steps. In yet another example, if the current active BWP configuration is in full duplex, a wireless device may transition the current active BWP configuration to the default BWP configuration in half duplex. 
       FIG.  11    is a block diagram illustrating example blocks executed by a wireless communication device, such as base station  105 , to implement aspects of the present disclosure. The example blocks will also be described with respect to base station  105  as illustrated in  FIG.  13   .  FIG.  13    is a block diagram illustrating base station  105  configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure. Base station  105  includes the structure, hardware, and components as illustrated for base station  105  of  FIG.  2   . For example, base station  105  includes controller/processor  240 , which operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in memory  242 , as well as controlling the components of base station  105  that provide the features and functionality of base station  105 . Base station  105 , under control of controller/processor  240 , transmits and receives signals via wireless radios  1300   a - t  and antennas  234   a - t . Wireless radios  1300   a - t  include various components and hardware, as illustrated in  FIG.  2    for base station  105 , including modulator/demodulators  232   a - t , MIMO detector  236 , receive processor  238 , transmit processor  220 , and TX MIMO processor  230 . 
     In the example operation of flow  1100  of  FIG.  11   , base station  105  provides a first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. For example, FD frequency-based configuration logic  1302  shown in  FIG.  13    may provide selection of usable bandwidth (e.g., subsets of BWP resources) from one or more defined BWPs (e.g., legacy uplink and downlink half duplex BWPs defined by respective sets of BWP configuration parameters of BWP configuration parameters  1303 ) to define the first FD frequency-based BWP configuration for full duplex operation, at block  1101 . The first FD frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may comprise a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP, configured for full duplex operation (e.g., a subset of bandwidth of the defined BWP that is usable for full duplex operation selected as non-overlapping subsets of bandwidth of the defined downlink and uplink BWPs). One or more sets of BWP configuration parameters defining the first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration and/or individual BWPs thereof may be stored as BWP configuration parameters of BWP configuration parameters  1303 . 
     At block  1102  of flow  1100 , base station  105  assigns the first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration to configure one or more communications devices for communication during the full duplex operation. For example, scheduler  244  of base station  105  may allocate some or all of the individual BWPs of the first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration to one or more UE of UEs  115 . The full duplex operation may, for example, provide for base station  105  operating in a full duplex mode while one or more UEs are operating in a half duplex mode (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  4 A ), base station  105  and a UE each operating in a full duplex mode (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  4 B ), a UE operating in a full duplex mode with one or more base stations of base stations  105 , etc. 
       FIG.  12    is a block diagram illustrating example blocks executed by a wireless communication device, such as UE  115 , to implement aspects of the present disclosure. The example blocks will also be described with respect to UE  115  as illustrated in  FIG.  14   .  FIG.  14    is a block diagram illustrating UE  115  configured according to one aspect of the present disclosure. UE  115  includes the structure, hardware, and components as illustrated for UE  115  of  FIG.  2   . For example, UE  115  includes controller/processor  280 , which operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in memory  282 , as well as controlling the components of UE  115  that provide the features and functionality of UE  115 . UE  115 , under control of controller/processor  280 , transmits and receives signals via wireless radios  1400   a - r  and antennas  252   a - r . Wireless radios  1400   a - r  include various components and hardware, as illustrated in  FIG.  2    for UE  115 , including modulator/demodulators  254   a - r , MIMO detector  256 , receive processor  258 , transmit processor  264 , and TX MIMO processor  266 . 
     In the example operation of block  1201  of flow  1200  of  FIG.  12   , UE  115  obtains a first full duplex frequency-based BWP. For example, FD frequency-based configuration logic  1302  of UE  115  may be configured for various BWP configurations via DCIprovided by base station  105 . The DCImay include BWP configuration parameters for one or more BWP configuration, identify a BWP configuration (e.g., stored in BWP configuration parameters  1303 ), etc., as may be used by FD frequency-based configuration logic  1302  to configure UE  115  for communication during full duplex operation. The first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may include a plurality of BWPs. Individual BWPs of the plurality of BWPs may comprise a subset of bandwidth, of a corresponding defined BWP (e.g., legacy uplink and downlink half duplex BWPs defined by respective sets of BWP configuration parameters of BWP configuration parameters  1403 ), configured for full duplex operation (e.g., a subset of bandwidth of the defined BWP that is usable for full duplex operation selected as non-overlapping subsets of bandwidth of the defined downlink and uplink BWPs). One or more sets of BWP configuration parameters defining the first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration and/or individual BWPs thereof may be stored as BWP configuration parameters of BWP configuration parameters  1403 . 
     At block  1202  of  1200 , UE  115  communicates during the full duplex operation using a first one or more BWPs of the first full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration. For example, FD frequency-based configuration logic  1402  may configure UE  115  to communicate with a base station using one or more individual BWP of the first full duplex frequency-based BWP, such as during full duplex operation. The full duplex operation may, for example, provide for a base station operating in a full duplex mode while UE  115  is operating in a half duplex mode (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  4 A ), a base station and UE  115  each operating in a full duplex mode (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  4 B ), UE  115  operating in a full duplex mode with one or more base stations, etc. 
     Those of skill in the art would understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof. 
     The functional blocks and modules described herein (e.g., the functional blocks and modules in  FIG.  2   ) may comprise processors, electronics devices, hardware devices, electronics components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, etc., or any combination thereof. In addition, features discussed herein relating to implementing a full duplex frequency-based BWP configuration may be implemented via specialized processor circuitry, via executable instructions, and/or combinations thereof. 
     Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps (e.g., the logical blocks in  FIGS.  11  and  12   ) described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure. Skilled artisans will also readily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions that are described herein are merely examples and that the components, methods, or interactions of the various aspects of the present disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those illustrated and described herein. 
     The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. 
     The steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the disclosure herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of the two. A software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium. In the alternative, the storage medium may be integral to the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In the alternative, the processor and the storage medium may reside as discrete components in a user terminal. 
     In one or more exemplary designs, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. Computer-readable storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, a connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or digital subscriber line (DSL), then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, or DSL, are included in the definition of medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), hard disk, solid state disk, and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. 
     As used herein, including in the claims, the term “and/or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, and/or C, the composition can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C) or any of these in any combination thereof. 
     The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.