Patent Publication Number: US-3874576-A

Title: Printing machine

Description:
United States Patent 1 1 1111 3,  
 Vines Apr. 1, 1975 PRINTING MACHINE Primar Examiner-Richard A. Schacher 76 1 r G R v 9 Y 1 men or fgg i Flt St Attorney, Agent, or FirmOlson, Trexler, Wolters, Bushnell &amp; Fosse, Ltd. [22] Filed: Sept. 10, 1973 [21] App]. No.: 395,921 57 ABSTRACT Relaied Application Data A machine for imprinting on a strip or sheet comprises Di ision of Ser o. 50. 0. ay i972, Pat- O- multiple printing cylinders in tandem and revolving 3762,322- continuously at the same speeds for imprinting successive impressions on the strip. The strip is intermit- U-S- tently fed at a linear peed that is the same as the pe- [Istriphera] peed of the impression urfaces of the print- Field of Search 1 ing plates on the printing cylinders. The mechanism 226/68, 143, 15 for intermittent feed comprises a carrier having spring fingers that engage notches at the sides of the strip to References Cited feed the strip a predetermined amount after which the UNITED STATES PATENTS carrier is returned to an initial or starting position for 1,472,466 10/1923 Gammeter 226/143 again feedmg the Strip- 3,4l6,787 12/1968 Ste hens 3,469,754 9/1969 Pariler 2 (313M519 D&#39;awmg figure? PRINTING MACHINE This is a Division, of application Ser. No. 250,180, Filed: May 4, 1972 now US. Pat. No. 3,762,322.  
 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to improvements in printing machines, and more particularly to machines for imprinting multiple impressions on a web or sheet fed therethrough.  
  In the production of name plates, escutcheon plates, and the like, the run to be printed is usually of such low volume that it is uneconomical to install or set up multicolor rotary presses of the type used for imprinting metal cans and the like. As a result, the usual practice is to run the metal sheet through the press to make a monochrome impression, and then place the sheet in a baking oven to dry the ink. For each subsequent color, the press is set up and the sheet passed therethrough and then dried in the oven. Such a procedure is costly. Moreover, since the sheet is of metal it is not possible to use metal type, and the common practice is to use offset lithography, all of which further adds to the cost of the finished article.  
 Objects and Summary of the Invention An object of this invention is to provide a machine for imprinting a sheet or web with multiple impressions, the sheet being continuously fed from a supply roll and advanced along the press and through the printing heads in succession, following which the sheet may be advanced through a drying oven and then to a punch press where the sheet is cut to form the indivudual articles.  
  A further object of this invention is to provide a machine of the type stated in which the printing cylinders are continuously revolving and wherein the sheet is fed intermittently through the printing heads at a linear speed which is the same as the peripheral speed of the impression-forming surface on the printing cylinder.  
  A still further object of this invention is to provide a machine of the type stated in which the sheet is advanced intermittently by a reciprocating carrier that engages notched margins ofthe sheet so as to insure accurate and uniform advancement of the sheet during each successive step of its travel.  
  Another object of this invention is to provide a machine of the type stated which utilizes rubber printing plates for direct impression on the sheet, thereby eliminating the need for offset printing equipment.  
  In accordance with the foregoing objects the machine comprises a frame for supporting a plurality of printing cylinders spaced in tandem along the frame, each printing cylinder including a printing plate and a cooperating impression roller for imprinting successive impressions of different colors on the sheet. The printing cylinders revolve continuously at the same peripheral speed, and intermittent feeding means including a carrier are provided for engaging the notches at the margins of the sheet so as to feed the sheet intermittently at the same linear speed as the peripheral speed of the printing plates, thereby to assure clean impressions and proper registry of successive impressions.  
  In the form of the invention to be described, the intermittent feeding means further includes a rotatable disc with a flexible band trained thereover and connected to the carrier, first means including a drive member and an electrically operated clutch for effecting the drive of said disc in one direction. The disc may be returned by a second means. This second means may be a hydraulically operated mechanism similar to a conventional door closer or by a flexible band having a weight on one end and connected to the carrier at its other end. A third means is provided to declutch the drive to the disc when the disc has rotated its predetermined amount. This third means preferably comprises a switch that is operated by a cam on the disc.  
  An anti-backup or index device is also provided on the machine. When the carrier has advanced the sheet the desired amount and then undergoes retraction to its initial position, a spring finger engages one of the notches in the sheet to retain the sheet in a position of registry preparatory to the next cycle of operation of the carrier. A motor driven roller assembly applies retrograde force to the sheet to keep it biased against the spring finger.  
 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a printing machine constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention;  
  FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view, on an enlarged scale, taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 1;  
  FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the carrier drive disc and switch-actuating cam that form part of the present invention;  
  FIG. 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 44 of FIG. 2;  
  FIG. 5 is a fragmentary top plan view, on an enlarged scale and partly broken away and in section, of the carrier and parts adjacent thereto;  
  FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 5;  
  FIG. 7 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the carrier and parts adjacent thereto but showing a modified form of carrier return mechanism;  
  FIG. 8 is a fragmentary top plan view of the antibackup or index device that forms part of the present invention; and  
  FIG. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 99 of FIG. 8.  
 DETAILED DESCRIPTION Referring now in more detail to the drawings, there is illustrated a printing machine 1 comprising a frame 2, of any suitable configuration and including longitudinally extending members 4, 6 that are joined by transverse plates 8, the latter being in any suitable number to impart the necessary rigidity to the frame 2. Also included in the frame 2 is a sub-structure comprising a series of legs 10 and a power-drive support 12.  
  Mounted on top of the frame 2 and supported by the longitudinal members 4, 6 are printing heads 14 which are spaced apart along the length of the frame 2. For simplicity of illustration there are two printing heads 14 shown in the drawing; however, it will be understood that it is within the scope of this invention to provide any number of printing heads 14 on the frame 2. The printing heads 14 are of generally conventional construction. Suffice it to say, however, that each printing head 14 includes opposed, upstanding plates l6, 16 which serve to journal a printing cylinder 18. Each printing cylinder 18 has suitable conventional means for removably mounting a printing plate 20. In addition, each printing cylinder has an inking attachment 22 that includes inking rollers 24. Since the inking attachment and inking roller arrangement is known, these features are shown somewhat diagrammatically in FIG. 1.  
  Also provided on each printing head 14 and below the printing cylinder 18 is an impression roller 26 which cooperates with the printing plate 20 to form an impression on a continuous web or sheet 28 that is fed therethrough in a manner presently to be described. Thus, when the printing cylinders 18 are driven in the directions shown by the arrows 30, the printing plates 20 will pass under the inking rollers 24 so that the relief portions of the plates 20 (shown as A and T by way of example) will be inked following which the impressions will be applied to the sheet 28 at the region where the sheet 28 is backed or supported by the respective impression rollers 26. Generally speaking, the printing or impressions made by the several printing heads 14 will be of different color and/or of different configuration. This will, of course, depend upon the nature of the final product desired. Moreover, each printing plate 20 may contain a multiple of impressions so that when the sheet has passed through all of the printing heads 14, the sheet will contain a multiplicity of like multicolor patterns which may thereafter be cut or punched out from the sheet to form a number of finished products.  
  The printing plate 20 is preferably a molded rubber or rubber-like structure in which the configuration of the impression is raised. The printing plates 20 may be molded in accordance with known techniques. Rubber or rubber-like printing plates are often particularly suitable where the sheet of material 28 is of aluminum or other metal.  
  Mounted on the support 12 is a power-drive arrangement that includes an electric motor 32 in driving connection with a speed reducer 34 through a chain and sprocket system 36. The output from the speed reducer 34 drives through chain and sprocket assembly 38 to a main drive cross shaft 40. It will be noted that the cross shaft 40 is journaled in plates 42, 42, which are similar to the plates 16, previously described. Thus, the cross shaft 40 may be, in effect, the printing cylinder shaft of an unused or partially constructed printing cylinder. Moreover, in the interest of reducing the overall length of the machine, a fully assembled printing head may be provided in lieu of the partial form thereof at the plates 42, 42 and cross shaft 40. Such a printing head 14 may be used or left unused, as the case may be, in which latter case a printing plate would not be mounted thereon.  
  The cross shaft 40 drives two sprockets 44 around which drive chains 46, 48 are trained. Drive chain 48 drives the printing cylinder of the adjacent printing head 14 through one sprocket portion of a dual sprocket 50 on or in driving connection with the printing cylinder shaft thereof. The other sprocket portion of the dual sprocket 50 drives through an additional drive chain 52 to a sprocket 54 on or in driving connection with the printing cylinder shaft of the next adjacent head 14. The several sprockets 44, 50, 54 are all of the same diameter and so the cross shaft 40 and the several printing cylinders 18 are all driven at the same speed of rotation.  
  The drive chain 46 is trained around a sprocket 58 that is downstream from the cross shaft 40, the sprocket 58 including an enlarged jub 60 with&#39;a short arcuate slot 62 therein; The sprocket 58 is likewise of the same diameter as the sprocket 44. The sprocket 58 is freely rotatable on a sleeve bearing 64 which is fitted into an upstanding journal post 66. The journal post 66 and a like journal post 68 are supported by and extend upwardly from respective longitudinal members 4, 6. The journal post 68 also has a sleeve bearing 70, and the sleeve bearings 64, 70 rotatably support a transverse or disc shaft 72. The shaft 72 has a clutch member 74 rigidly keyed on one end and adjacent to the hub 60. This clutch member 74 includes a solenoid 76 having a pin or plunger 78 and a spring 80. The plunger 78 passes through a hole 82 in the clutch member 74 and is adapted also to project into the slot 62 when the solenoid is deenergized, which is the condition shown in FIG. 2. Therefore, with the solenoid deenergized the continuously rotating sprocket 68 drives the shaft 72 due to the clutching effect of the solenoid plunger 78 with the sprocket hub 60. On the other hand, when the solenoid 76 is energized in a manner to be described, the plunger 78 is retracted from the slot 62 whereby the shaft 72 is no longer driven by the sprocket 58.  
  Adjacent to the journal post 68 and keyed to the shaft 72 for rotation therewith is a disc 84 having an outer circular, cylindrical surface 86. For reasons hereinafter more fully appearing, the diameter of the surface 86 is the same as the diameter of the impression surface of each printing plate 20. Mounted on the periphery of the disc 84 is an actuator or cam 88 which is held in position by bolts 90 that are threaded into selected holes 92 in the disc 84. The cam 88 may, therefore, be adjustably positioned on the disc 84 by threading the bolts 90 into any two selected adjacent holes 92, for purposes presently more fully appearing. For the present, however, it should be noted that the purpose of the cam 88 is to actuate a switch assembly 94 that physically includes two separate switches in different electrical circuits. The two switches are operated together. One switch is closed to energize the solenoid 76 and retract the plunger 78. The other switch energizes an electric motor 96 (F IG. 1) at the same time the solenoid 76 is energized. Likewise, when the cam 88 retracts from the switch assembly 94 the solenoid plunger 78 reengages the slot 62 and at the same time current to the motor 96 is interrupted. The purpose of such arrangement will be presently described. Furthermore, the switches in the switch assembly 94 are simply in series with the respective electrical components (solenoid 76 and motor 96) and thus the circuit configuration will be apparent without diagram.  
  It will be noted that the sheet 28 is formed with opposed notches 98, 98 at the opposite longitudinal margins thereof. As indicated in FIG. 5, the notches have a forward edge 100 that is at right angles to the path of travel (arrow a, FIG. 1) of the web and a trailing edge 102 that is at an acute angle to the edge 100. The notches 98 are equally spaced along the respective longitudinal edges of the sheet 28. The sheet 28 is, furthermore, intermittently fed by a carrier 104 that reciprocates on guide rods 106, 106, the latter being on opposite sides of the frame 2. The carrier 104 includes opposed blocks 108, 108a on opposite sides of the sheet 28 and which are slotted, as shwon in FIG. 6, for receiving the notched margins of the sheets 28. The block 108a is adjustable on the carrier 104 for various widths of sheet, and for this purpose the block 108a has slots 111 for receiving bolts 109 that thread into the carrier.  
  The blocks 108, 108a are adapted to retain fingers 110, there being shown three such fingers in each block in the present form of the invention. The fingers 110 are spaced apart the same distance as the spacing between the notches 98. Furthermore, it will be noted that the tips of the fingers 110 are shaped to fit conformably in the notches 98. The fingers 11 are mounted for sliding movement in slots 112 of block 108 and are biased toward the respective notches 98 by leaf springs 114. The leaf springs 114 are screwed or otherwise secured to the side faces of the blocks 108. It will be apparent then that as the carrier 108 is moved to the right (FIG. to advance the sheet 28, the spring fingers 110 will be in gripping engagement with the sheet 28 to insure positive advance of the sheet. On the other hand, when the carrier 104 moves to the left, the carrier will move relative to the sheet 28 since the spring fingers 110 will ride out of the notches 98 until the spring fingers 110 again reach a position such that they will be biased into the notches 98. Consequently, upon retraction of the carrier 104 to the left, the left hand fingers 110 will be shifted from the positions shown so as to engage notches 98. The remaining fingers will, of course, engage their respecitve adjacent notches 98. As a result, the sheet 28 advances a distance equal to the distance between two adjacent notches 98 each time the sheet is intermittently fed by the carrier 104. The spacing of the notches 98 and the spacing of the spring fingers 110 will, of course, be determined by the amount of displacement required for the sheet 28 for each step of its travel through the machine. The sheet 28 will ordinarily be prepunched with the notches 98 prior to being rolled into a supply coil for subsequent use with the machine of the present invention. The spacing of the notches 98 will depend upon the nature of the product, the spacing of the printing heads, and other parameters which will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For different notch spacings the blocks 108 could be replaced so as to house spring fingers 110 with the required spacing. As a practical matter, however, the spacing of the notches will generally be somewhat standardized in order to simplify setup of the machine.  
  The drive for the carrier 104 is provided through a flexible band 116 which is secured at one end to the carrier 104 and at its other end to the disc surface 86 and is trained around such surface 86. When the disc 3 rotates counterclockwise (FIG. 3) the carrier 104 will be advanced. This advance will continue until the cam 88 strikes the switch assembly 94, which energizes the solenoid 76 to retract the plunger 78. The carrier 104 is returned to its initial position by a return mechanism 118 that has a piston rod connected to a depending ear 120 of the carrier and a cylinder rigidly mounted relative to the spring 2. This return mechanism 118 operates similar to conventional door-closing or check member and, therefore, need not be described in detail.  
  FIG. 7, however, shows a modified form of carrier return mechanism which is simply a flexible strap 122 connected at one end to the carrier 104 and at its other end to a weight 124. Therefore, when the plunger 78 is retracted causing the shaft 72 and disc 84 to be free of driving engagement from the sprocket 58, the weight 124 simply pulls the carrier 104 back to its initial position, namely through a distance equal to the distance between two adjacent notches 98 in the sheet 28. For convenience, the strap 22 may be trained over a pulley 126 that is rotatably mounted at a convenient place on the side of frame 2.  
  It will be apparent that when the carrier 104 is being retracted to its initial position, the sheet 28 might tend to back up somewhat and get out of registry. Accordingly, an anti-backup arrangement 128 is provided to prevent this from happening. As best seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, this arrangement includes a pair of opposed blocks 130, 132 that are secured on opposite sides of the sheet 28 and rearwardly of the carrier 104. The block 132 is secured to the frame member 4 by bolt and nut assemblies 134 which projects through slots 136, 136 whereby the position of the block 132 relative to the edge of the sheet 28 may be adjusted. The inwardly presented face of the block 132 has a groove 138 (FIG. 9) that receives and guides the edge of the sheet 28. The block is suitably secured to the frame member 6 and includes a spring finger 140 with a tip shaped to fit conformably in a notch 98. The spring finger 140 is slidable on the block 130 and is biased toward the sheet 28 by a flat leaf spring 142 which engages the flat rear end of the finger 140. The spring finger 140 has a slot 144 that receives a retaining pin 146 to hold the finger 140 against the block 130.  
  The arrangement 128 operates in conjunction with rollers 148, 148 (FIG. 1) that are driven by the motor 96. These rollers 148, 148 are preferably lined with rubber on their peripheries and are mounted on the common shaft 149 that is driven by the motor 96 and is journaled in bearings 150, 150 on a support member 8 at the rear or beginning end of the machine. When the motor 96 is not in&#39;operation the rollers 148 and motor shaft are freely rotatable by the movement or feed of the sheet 28. However, when the motor 96 is energized by engagement of the cam 88 with the switch assembly 94, the rollers 148 rotate clockwise (FIG. 1) to apply retrograde force to the sheet 28 so as to pull the sheet 28 firmly against the spring finger 140. As a result, the sheet 28 is indexed or positioned in precise registration preparatory to the next forward advance of the carrier 104.  
  In use and with the printing cylinders continuously revolving, it will be assumed that the carrier 104 is in its initial position about to be advanced so as to move the sheet 28 through an increment of its travel. In this condition the solenoid 76 is deenergized and the plunger 78 is held within the slot 62 by the spring 80. The disc 84 is positioned as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The drive through the sprocket 58 turns the shaft 72 and disc 84 whereby the flexible band 1 16 pulls the carrier 104 the required increment of travel, namely a distance equal to the distance between adjacent notches 98. As soon as that distance has been reached, the cam 88 strikes a switch assembly 94, energizing the solenoid 76, immediately retracting the plunger 78, and allowing the disc 84 and shaft 72 to be freely rotatable. Now, the return mechanism 118 (or 122, 124, 126) returns the carrier 104 back to its initial position. The disc 84 is also rotated clockwise back to its initial position. Since the current to the solenoid 176 is interrupted as soon as the disc 84 begins to rotate back to its initial position, when such initial position is reached, the spring 80 urges the plunger 78 back into the slot 62 preparatory to another cycle of operation of the carrier 104.  
  The cam 88 must be positioned on the disc 84 so that the cam engages the switch assembly 94 when the carrier 104 has completed its intended stroke. The various threaded holes 92 through which the cam bolts 90 may be positioned allows the cam 88 to be adjustably mounted depending upon the stroke of the carrier which, in turn, depends upon the spacing of the notches 98.  
  It is also significant that the diameter of the disc surface 86 is the same as the diameter of the impression surface of each printing plate 20. The flexible band 116 is exceedingly thin and can be said to increase only negligably the effective diameter of the disc 84 as the band 116 wraps partially therearound upon movement of the disc 84 in a counterclockwise direction. Consequently, upon rotation of the disc 84 to advance the carrier, as aforesaid, the carrier and, hence the sheet 28, is advanced at the same linear speed as the peripheral speed of the printing or impression surface of each plate 20.  
  Following the printing operations, the sheet is fed through a heating oven to dry the ink, and then to a punch, both diagrammatically illustrated in FIG. 1. The structural detail of the heating oven and punch are known. Suffice it to say that the punch may serve to trim or cut up the sheet into a number of finished products. In any event, the intermittent feed of the machine can operate in conjunction with the operation of the punch to insure registry of the punch with respect of the printed regions of the sheet.  
 The invention is claimed as follows:  
  1. In a machine of the character described, means for advancing a sheet of material, a carrier having spring fingers for engaging notches at the sides of said sheet, means for moving said carrier forwardly from an initial position through a predetermined distance to advance said sheet said predetermined distance, means for retracting said carrier to said initial position, said carriermoving means including a rotatable member, a flexible structure trained over said rotatable member and connected to said carrier, means for rotating said rotatable member an amount sufficient to advance said carrier said predetermined distance and said means for retracting said carrier comprising means engaging said carrier and operable to rotate said member in the opposite direction an amount sufficient to retract said carrier to said initial position, means for applying retrograde force to said sheet when said carrier has advanced said predetermined distance, said means for applying retrograde force being inoperative on said sheet when the carrier is moving forwardly, and means including another spring finger engaging said notches and cooperating with said means for applying the retrograde force for engaging said sheet in a manner to locate said sheet in a predetermined position of registry preparatory to the next advance of the sheet.  
  2. In a machine of the character described, means for advancing a sheet of material, a carrier for engaging said sheet, guide members on opposite sides of said sheet for slidably supporting said carrier, said carrier having opposed blocks on opposite sides of the sheet and said blocks having spring finger means resiliently biased toward the sheet for engagement therewith, means for advancing said carrier to advance said sheet to a position of registry, means for retracting said carrier independently of said sheet, and means for preventing misregistry of said sheet upon retraction of said carrier, said last-mentioned means including a block having a spring finger for engagement with said sheet, roller means engaging the surface of said sheet, and motor means for driving said roller means, the rotation of said roller means applying a retrograde force on said sheet, said roller means being freely rotatable upon advancement of said sheet and being driven by said motor means upon completion of the advance of said sheet. l