Patent Publication Number: US-2023148095-A1

Title: Abdominal exercise device

Description:
CLAIM OF BENEFIT TO PRIOR APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/988,380, filed on Mar. 11, 2021. The contents of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/988,380 are hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Abdominal exercise devices, commonly known as ab rollers, have been used to exercise the abdominal muscle group. These devices include a mechanism to raise the upper torso of a person to contract the abdominal muscles. The person, while in a supine position and the knees bended in an upward position, may grab the handlebars on the device and pull down the handlebars while lifting the upper torso from the supine position. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The various embodiments of the present full body exercise device now will be discussed in detail with an emphasis on highlighting the advantageous features. These embodiments depict the novel and non-obvious full body exercise device shown in the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only. These drawings include the following figures, in which like numerals indicate like parts: 
         FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  are a front elevation view, a side perspective view, and a bottom view of a full body exercise device with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  1 D  is a front elevation view of the full body exercise device of  FIG.  1 A  where the connectors for connecting the elastic bands are holes made in the frame of the full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  1 E  is a side perspective view a full body exercise device with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect and a collapsible frame to facilitate carrying and storage, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    is a functional diagram illustrating an example use of one or more elastic bands to provide rocking effect for a full body exercise device, without the use of hands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  3    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device with a set of railings with brackets to move the connectors along the frame sections, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  4    is the full body exercise device of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  with additional elastic bands connected to different connectors, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  5    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device that includes mechanisms to adjust the width and length of the exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device in an upside down position, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7 A  shows the top perspective views of several memory foam pillow elastic bands that may be used for pushups and dips, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7 B  shows the bottom perspective views of the memory foam pillow elastic bands of  FIG.  7 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7 C  shows the top perspective view of a custom resistant band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  8    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device in an upside down position with the user in the opposite position of  FIG.  6   , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  9    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a bicep and abdominal exercise, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  10    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a leg push out exercise, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  11    a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a one arm exercise using an elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  12    a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a one leg side stretch exercise using an elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  13 - 14    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a sit up exercise using two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  15 - 16    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a lying pull over and sit up exercise using more than two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  17 - 18    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device to perform a supine butterfly hip stretch and sit up exercise using more than two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  19 - 21    are perspective views of three examples of full body exercise devices with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  22 - 24    are perspective views of three examples of full body exercise devices that do not include a top frame section, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  25 - 26    are perspective views of two examples of full body exercise devices with long frames, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  27    is a functional diagram showing an example embodiment of a full body exercise device with a foldable bench, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  28    is a top perspective showing an example embodiment of a full body exercise device with a leg workout device attached and elastic bands that provide a teeter-totter action, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  29 - 32    are top perspectives showing example full body exercise devices with elastic bands that provide a teeter-totter action without the use of hands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  33    is a functional diagram showing an example embodiment of a hammerhead abdominal crunch device with connectors and elastic bands to create a teeter-totter effect during abdominal exercises, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  34    is a perspective view showing the exercise device of  FIG.  33    with a weight mechanism attached to the device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  35    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device with one or more retractable band winders, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  36    is a front elevation view of a portion of the full body exercise device of  FIG.  35   , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  37    is a side elevation view of the headrest of a full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  38    is a front elevation view of a 360-degree rotating phone holder with a push in button mechanism that laches into the top frame section of the full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  39    is the top perspective view of a strap/brace with a fastening buckle strap that goes through a handlebar, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  40    is the top perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIG.  39   , with the handlebar wrapped around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  41 A  is a front elevation view of a snap hook, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  41 B  is a front perspective view of a soft cover for the buckle of a strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  41 C  is a top perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIGS.  39 - 40    with the handlebar being detached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  41 D  is a side perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIGS.  39 - 40    without a snap hook and without a foam/rubber handlebar, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  41 E  is a front perceptive of a strap/brace with a handlebar connected to an elastic band by a snap hook, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  42 A  is a side perceptive view of a slip-on strap/brace with extra cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  42 B  is a top view of the slip-on strap/brace with extra cushioning of  FIG.  42 A  connected around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  43    is a top view of the slip-on strap/brace of  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B  with additional cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  44 A  is a top view of a slip-on strap/brace with a detachable and changeable cushioning that includes hook-and-loop fasteners, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  44 B  is a top view of an extra memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad that covers the arch of the foot, the front of the foot, and the heel of the foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  44 C  is a bottom view of the extra memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad of  FIG.  44 B , showing the hooking portion of the hook-and-loop fastener, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  44 D  is a top view of an extra memory foam and/or gel padding without additional cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  45 A  is a top view and  FIG.  45 B  is a bottom view of a slip-on strap/brace with hook-and-loop fasteners buckle straps around the middle top area of the strap/brace and the top area of the strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  45 C  is a side elevation view of a rubber arch platform for attaching to a strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  45 D  is a top view and  FIG.  45 E  is a bottom view of a rubber arch platform with a hook-and-loop fastener pad, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  46 A- 46 B  are side perspective views showing a person putting a foot inside a strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  46 C  is a side perspective view showing a person putting a foot inside a strap/brace with an extended fabric that covers the heal and ankle areas, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  47 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  47 B  is a perspective view of the changeable weight strap/brace of  FIG.  47 A  being set up to be connected around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  48 A- 48 C  are bottom views showing changeable weight straps/braces similar to the strap/brace of  FIG.  47 A  with additional attachments incorporated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  49 A  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight strap/brace with hook-and-loop fasteners at the bottom to attach a rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  49 B  is a bottom view and  FIG.  49 C  is a top view of a rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener that may be attached to the bottom of the strap/brace of  FIG.  49 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  50 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace that may be worn on foot or wrist, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  50 B  is functional diagram illustrating an example use of the strap/brace of  FIG.  50 A  as a wrist strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  50 C  is functional diagram illustrating an example use of the strap/brace of  FIG.  50 A  as a foot strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  51 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace with an ankle support, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  51 B  is a side elevation view of a rubber arch platform for attaching to a strap/brace such as the strap/brace of  FIG.  51 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  51 C  is a side perspective view showing a person wearing the strap/brace of  FIG.  51 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  52    is a side elevation view showing a changeable weight band strap/brace with a rubber arch platform attached to the strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  53 A  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight band strap/brace used as a glove, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  53 B  is a bottom view and  FIG.  53 C  is a perspective view illustrating how the strap/brace of  FIG.  53 A  may be worn; 
         FIG.  54 A  is a top view and  FIG.  54 B  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight band strap/brace glove that covers part of all of the fingers, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  55 A  is a perspective view illustrating an elastic band with wicking fabric on the outside and foam in the inside, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  55 B  is a front perspective view illustrating the elastic band of  FIG.  55 A  with an ergonomic foam pillow attached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  55 C  is a back perspective view of  FIG.  55 B , where there is a webbing strap with loops attached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  55 D  is a back perspective view of  FIG.  55 B  in an embodiment where two webbing straps are used to attach the loops, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  56 A  is a functional diagram illustrating an example memory foam pillow with the elastic band being placed around a person&#39;s neck and head areas for a workout, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  56 B  is the back view perceptive of  FIG.  56 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  56 C  is a functional diagram illustrating a person lying down on the back with the memory foam pillow contouring the shape the person&#39;s neck, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  57 A- 57 D  are functional diagrams illustrating an example of how the memory foam pillow may be used during workout, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  58 A- 58 C  are functional diagrams illustrating example uses of a resistant band attached to a memory foam pillow and a pair of straps/braces for performing lunges, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 A  is functional diagram illustrating an example workout for the arms and latissimus dorsi in addition to the workout shown in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 B  is a perspective view of the elastic band of  FIG.  59 A  with a pair of grip handles attached to the elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 C  is a perspective view of the grip handle of  FIG.  59 B , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 D  is a back perspective view of an elastic band that includes a memory foam pillow with a detachable liquid reservoir, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 E  is a back elevation view of the detachable liquid reservoir of  FIG.  59 D , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  59 F  is a functional diagram illustrating an example use of the liquid reservoir, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  60 A- 60 C  are perspective views of three ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise devices, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  61 A  is a front perspective view of an ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  61 B  is a back perspective view of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIG.  61 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  61 C  is a functional perspective showing an example of wearing the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIGS.  61 A- 61 B , according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  62 A  is a functional front perspective and  FIG.  62 B  is a functional back perspective showing an example of wearing an ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  63 A  is a functional front perspective and  FIG.  63 B  is a functional back perspective showing an example of wearing a U-shaped ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  63 C  is a top view of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIGS.  63 A- 63 B ; 
         FIGS.  64 A- 64 E  are front perspectives showing five examples of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic bands exercise devices, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  65 A  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two pieces of memory foam padding, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  65 B  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with three pieces of memory foam padding, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  65 C  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  66 A  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 B  is a back elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with grip handles and inner loop straps, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  66 C  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 D  is a back elevation view showing another memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device without inner loops, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  66 E  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 F  is a back elevation view showing another memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a snap hook, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  67 A  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic loop band attached to the middle of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  67 B  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic band attached to the middle of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  67 C  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic band attached to the lower part of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  67 D  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two middle horizontal elastic bands attached to a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  67 E  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two vertical elastic bands that are attached to a lower middle horizontal elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  67 F  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two horizontal elastic band where one of the horizontal bands includes two hanging ends, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Ab roller devices are exercise devices used to perform abdominal crunches. These devices have a curved frame to create a rocking movement and a headrest for supporting the head and neck during exercise. The previously provided ab roller devices are used as follows. The device is placed on a level surface. A person lies on the back, places the head on the headrest, bends the knees in an upward position, and grabs the top of the curved frame. The person then rolls into a crunch by pulling down the top of the frame towards the chest area. The curved shape of the device&#39;s frame lifts the headrest from the ground, resulting in the upper body to be raised into the crunch position. 
     One aspect of the present embodiments includes the realization that the previously provided ab roller devices require the use of the hands to create the rocking movement for bringing the body into the crunch position. Using of the hands to create the rocking movement creates several drawbacks. For example, muscle fatigue in the hands and arms area may prevent the use of the ab roller device over an extended period of time. In addition, the hands are not free to perform other exercises that may help the simultaneous strengthening of the muscles in the chest, shoulders, arms, and back areas. 
     Furthermore, the previously provided ab roller devices require the knees to be bended and the feet to be placed flat on the floor. The ab roller devices typically do not provide for the simultaneous exercise of the muscles in the lower body areas. Therefore, the time the person spends using the ab roller device is primarily used to just exercise the muscles in the abdominal areas. 
     In addition, the headrests of the previously provided ab roller devices do not have mobility and do not contour the person&#39;s head and neck while working out. The stiff headrests may create stress on the head and neck area as the headrests are lifted from the ground to place the person in the crunch position. 
     The ab roller devices may be placed upside down on a surface to perform push-ups and dips. The previously provided ab roller devices, however, do not provide assistance in performing pushups and dips. The previously provided ab roller devices do not allow a person to adjust the width of the device. If the person is tall or the person has a big shape, the person may have difficulty using the device (or may not be able to use the device) because of the device&#39;s narrow width relative to the person&#39;s body width. 
     The present embodiments, as described in detail below, solve the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing an ab roller exercise device that may be used as a full body exercise device. The full body exercise device may have a curved shape frame, allowing the exercise device to move in a rocking motion during exercise without the use of hands. The full body exercise device may include a headrest and one or more connectors. Each connector may be used for connecting one or more elastic bands. The connectors may be hooks, clamps, latches, straps, etc. The connectors may also be holes or openings made in the frame of the exercise device for connecting elastic bands. 
     The elastic band(s) may be used to provide additional rocking motion (referred to as teeter-totter motion or seesaw motion) for the exercise device during exercise. For example, the elastic band(s) may be attached to one or more straps/braces. A person may lie down in supine position with back of the head resting on a headrest. The person may place the feet in the straps/braces. If the person pushes down on the foot straps, the elastic band(s) may provide a rocking motion to the exercise device. The rocking motion pushes the headrest away from the resting position (moving upward) in order to exercise the abdominal muscles. 
     The use of the elastic band to create the rocking motion on the device to contract the abdominal muscles eliminates the need for the hands to grab and pull down the top frame section of the exercise device to create the rocking motion needed to contract the abdominal muscles. The hands may rest on the chest area, may rest on the armrests, or may grab elastic bands to exercise other muscle areas. 
     Some embodiments may include a railing mechanism to move the connectors along the frame sections. The locations of the connectors in these embodiments, may not be fixed and the connectors may be moved along the railing to different locations in order to perform different exercises. The full body exercise device, in some embodiments, may include one or more retractable band winder(s). Each retractable band winder may be used to wind a corresponding elastic band or a corresponding cable wire. Some embodiments may include one retractable band winder to retract more than one elastic bands and/or cable wires. 
     The headrest, in some embodiments, may be an ergonomic contouring headrest that may move with the motion of the device. The headrest may include a shapeable material such as padded memory foam, which may contour and hug the head of a person, as well as the lower and higher part of the neck area during workout. 
     The headrest may include an adjustable spring lock that may allow the headrest to move up and down with the pressure of the neck and head during exercise. The adjustable spring lock may allow the headrest to move up and down and lock the headrest to its location on the top portion of the adjustable spring lock by the turning the knob (or push button) located underneath the headrest. 
     The width of the full body exercise device, in some embodiments, may be adjustable to fit the size of a person that is using the exercise device. The exercise device, in these embodiments, may include push in buttons and several openings (or slots) on the top frame section and the bottom frame section of the exercise device. Each push in button may be placed in different openings or slots to adjust the width of the exercise device. 
     The full body exercise device, in some embodiments, provides assistance for performing pushups and dips. In these embodiments, the full body exercise device includes connectors on the middle frame section that may be used to connect elastic bands. When the full body exercise device is turned upside down for doing pushups or dips, the connectors on the middle frame may be used to connect an elastic band with memory foam pillow to assist a person in performing pushups or dips. 
     The remaining detailed description describes the present embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numbers label elements of the present embodiments. These reference numbers are reproduced below in connection with the discussion of the corresponding drawing features. 
     I. Full Body Exercise Devices 
     Some of the present embodiments provide a full body exercise device.  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  are a front elevation view, a side perspective view, and a bottom view of a full body exercise device with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the exercise device  100  may include a frame that has several sections  101 - 103 . For clarity, the sections are referred to as the bottom frame section  101 , the top frame section  102 , and the middle frame section  103 , which refer to the relative location of each section when the exercise device  100  is used by a person in supine position. 
     The frame sections  101 - 103  may be made of appropriate material such as, for example, and without limitations, aluminum, titanium, or other rigid material. The frame sections  101 - 103  may be shaped as tubes. 
     The frame sections  101 - 103 , in some of the present embodiments, may be made of a single tube. In other embodiments, such as the embodiment depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the frame may include separate sections  101 - 103  that may include separate tubes to allow the length and/or the width of the exercise device to be adjusted. The adjacent tubes may have different diameters such that a first tube of a first section may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than an adjacent second tube of a second section (e.g., the inside diameter of the first tube may be slightly larger than the outside diameter of the second tube) such that a portion of the smaller diameter tube may fit into a portion of the larger diameter tube and the tubes may be connected to each other by pins, push buttons, screws, etc. 
     Each of the sections  101 - 103  may include separate segments. For example, in the embodiment of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , each of the top section  102 , the middle section  103 , and the bottom section  101  includes two separate segments in order to allow the width of the exercise device to be adjusted. Each segment may be shaped as a tube. The adjacent tubes of each section  101 - 103  may have different diameters such that a first tube may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than an adjacent second tube such that a portion of the smaller diameter tube may fit into a portion of the larger diameter tube and the tubes may be connected to each other by pins, push buttons, screws, etc. For example, the inside diameter of the first tube may be slightly larger than the outside diameter of the second tube. 
     In some of the present embodiments, the length and the width of the exercise device  100  may be changed to fit the size of a person that is using the device to exercise. The adjustments may be done by changing the relative positions of the frame sections  101 - 103  using a set of push in buttons, pins, hooks, etc. 
     In the embodiment depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , a set of push in buttons are used to adjust the length and the width of the exercise device  100 . For example, the push in button  181  on the top frame section  102  and/or the push in button  183  on the bottom frame section  101  may be used to adjust the width of the exercise device  100 . 
     There may be several openings (or slots)  192  on the top frame section  102  that the push in button  181  may be placed in. There may be several openings (or slots)  194  on the bottom frame section  101  that the push in button  183  may be placed in. By pushing in the buttons  181  and/or  183 , the user may be able to adjust the width of exercise device  100  using one of the several openings (or slots). 
     Although, in the pictured orientation, the push in buttons  181  and  183  are positioned on the left side of the exercise device  100  (the push in button  183  is on the left side of the exercise device but is shown to be locked into one of the slots  194  on the right side of the device) and the slots  192  and  194  are on the right side, in other embodiments, the position of the push in buttons  181  and/or  183  and the corresponding slots may be the opposite of what is shown in  FIG.  1 A . In the example of  FIG.  1 A , the top frame section  102  and the bottom frame section  101  may each include two separate segments  141 - 142  and  143 - 144 , respectively. For example, the push in button  181  may be on the segment  141  of the top frame section  102  that has the smaller diameter and the slots  192  may be on the segment  142  of the top frame section  102  with the larger diameter. Similarly, the push in button  183  may be on the segment  143  of the bottom frame section  101  that has the smaller diameter and the slots  194  may be on the segment  144  of the bottom frame section  101  with the larger diameter. 
     Adjusting the width of the bottom frame section  101 , in some embodiments, may require removing the headrest  150  and placing the headrest  150  back in its place after the width adjustment. In some embodiments, the lower frame section  101  may include two or more segments on each side of the headrest  150 , in order to adjust the of the width of the lower bottom section  101  without the need for removing the headrest  150 . For example, there may be a push in button on a first segment of the lower frame section  101  on the left side of the headrest  150  (in the pictured orientation) and there may be several slots on a second segment of the lower frame section  101  on the left side of the headrest  150 . The second segment may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than the first segment such that a portion of the first segment may fit into a portion of the second segment. 
     Similarly, there may be a push in button on a third segment of the lower frame section  101  on the right side of the headrest  150  and there may be several slots on a fourth segment of the lower frame section  101  on the left side of the headrest  150 . The fourth segment may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than the third segment such that a portion of the third segment may fit into a portion of the fourth segment. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the bottom frame section  101  may be connected to a headrest  150 . The headrest  150  may provide head and neck support during exercise. The headrest  150  may have an ergonomic design with padded memory foam that contours and hugs the head of a person, as well as the lower and higher part of the neck area. The exercise device  100  may include an adjustable spring lock  155  for adjusting the headrest  150 . 
     The adjustable spring lock  155  may be located on a side of or underneath the headrest  150 . The adjustable spring lock  155  may include an adjustable mechanism to allow a person who is using the exercise device  100  to adjust the positioning of the headrest to the person&#39;s height. Unless otherwise stated, the terms person or user refer to a person that is using the exercise device  100  to perform exercise. The adjustable spring lock  155  may include a tilt mechanism to allow the headrest  150  to have mobility, contouring to the person&#39;s head and neck, while working out. The adjustable spring lock  155  may allow the person to adjust the position of the headrest  150  back and forth to conform to the height of the user. The person may then lock the headrest  150  in the selected position. Further details of the headrest  150  of some embodiments are described below with reference to  FIG.  37   . 
     The exercise device  100  may include the ergonomic armrests  165 . The term armrest is interchangeably used herein to refer to an armrest, a hand rest, and/or an elbow rest, which may be used to rest a person&#39;s hand, arm, and/or elbow. The armrests  165 , in some embodiments, may be permanently attached to the exercise device  100 . The armrests  165 , in some embodiments, may be attachable and detachable. The armrests  165  may be attached to the device, for example, and without limitations, by a push in button mechanism.  FIG.  1 C  shows the exercise device  100  with the armrests removed (e.g., to facilitate placing the exercise device  100  upside down). Some embodiments may not include armrests. 
     The ergonomic armrests  165  may allow a person to place the person&#39;s hands down for comfortability and to rest the arms. The armrests  165 , at the same time, may allow the person to continue with the workout by applying downward pressure on the armrests  165  in creating a rocking motion. The middle frame section  103  may include the slots (or holes)  170  to allow the attachments  167  of the armrests  165  to latch in. 
     The armrests  165 , in some embodiments, may include a curvature on the top surface of the armrests  165 . The curvature may be used to create a rocking effect when a person is lying down and placing the hands on the armrests  165  and applying pressure downwards. The pressure may raise the backend of the headrest  150 . By releasing the pressure on the armrests  165 , the headrest  150  may go back to its original position. Therefore, a teeter-totter effect may be created by applying forward pressure to and releasing the forward pressure off the armrests  165 . 
     As shown in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the middle frame section  103  has a curved shape, allowing the exercise device  100  to move in a rocking motion when used. With further reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the exercise device  100  may include one or more elastic bands  121 . As described below, some of these elastic bands may be used to create a rocking motion without using the hands. 
     In the example of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , one elastic band is shown for simplicity. The elastic band(s)  121  may be secured to the top frame section  102  by one or more connectors  110 - 111 , such as, for example, and without limitations, by one or more hooks, clamps, latches, straps, etc. Further examples of the connectors used in different embodiments are described below. 
     The elastic bands may be in the shape of cylindrical tubes and/or may have a non-tubular shape. The elastic bands may be made of elastic latex, rubber, polymers with viscoelasticity (e.g., elastomer), spring, or other form of resistance material. The elastic bands may be provided in different resistance level desired for a particular exercise to be performed. The terms elastic band and resistant band are interchangeably used herein. Although  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  show that there are a total of ten connectors  110 - 119 , the exercise device  100 , in different embodiments, may be designed with more or fewer connectors. 
     Each elastic band that is connected to one or more of the connectors  110 - 119  may be used to exercise one or more different groups of muscles. For example, the elastic band  121  is connected to the connectors  110 - 111 , which are attached to the top frame section  102 . One end of each elastic band  121  may be connected to a foot strap (or foot brace)  120  to receive a foot  190  of a person. The terms strap and brace are interchangeably used herein when referred to a device that may be worn on a foot or a hand. 
     Although in the depicted embodiment the elastic band  121  is one band that goes through the two connectors  110  and  111 , other embodiments may use two separate, substantially equal size elastic bands, one of which may be connected to the connector  110  and one of the foot straps  120  and the other elastic band may be connected to the connector  111  and the other foot strap  120 . Furthermore, in some embodiments, the single piece elastic band  121  may be connected to only one connector or to two or more connectors (e.g., there may be additional connectors on the top frame section  102  to provide better support for connecting the elastic band  121 ). 
     The elastic band  121  may be used to exercise foot, leg, or thigh muscles. The elastic band  121  may be used to exercise arm muscles when pulling on the elastic band with hands. The elastic band  121  may also provide additional rocking motion (referred to as teeter-totter motion or seesaw motion) for the exercise device  100  during exercise. For example, when a person is in supine position (with back of the head resting on the headrest  150  and the hands resting on the armrests  165  or holding on the top frame section  102  for balance), if the person pushes down on the foot straps  120 , the elastic band  121  provides a rocking motion to the exercise device  100 . The rocking motion pushes the headrest  150  away from the resting position (moving upward) in order to exercise the abdominal muscles. The person may optionally grab the top frame section  102  by the hands and push down on the top frame section  102  in order to provide additional rocking motion to the exercise device  100 . 
     Other connectors  112 - 119  may be located on different sections of the exercise device  100  and may be, for example, and without limitations, one or more hooks, clamps, latches, straps, etc. In the example of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the connectors  112 - 114  and  117 - 119  may be located on the middle frame section  103  and may be used to connect different elastic bands (not shown in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C ) to the exercise device  100 . By pulling and/or pushing on such an elastic band forward and/or outwardly with the hands, feet, knees, ankles, and/or thighs, the elastic band may contract different muscles, which may allow a person to work out the muscles in the chest, shoulders, arms, abs, legs, hips, glutes, and/or back areas simultaneously. 
     The connectors  114  and  117  are located on the two sides of the lower part of the middle frame section  103 . The placement of the connectors  114  and  117  may allow a person to attach additional resistant bands to perform different exercises in targeting different parts of the muscles, such as the chest, arms, and shoulders etc. 
     The connectors  115  and  116  are located on the two sides of the bottom frame section  101 . The placement of the connectors  115  and  116  may allow a person to attach additional resistant bands to perform different exercises in targeting different muscles, such as the muscles in the chest, arms, and shoulder areas. 
     With continued reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the exercise device  100  may include a phone holder  160  located on the top frame section  102 . The phone holder  160 , in some embodiments, may be C-shaped and/or may rotate 360 degrees around a base  162 . Some of the present embodiments may not include a phone holder. 
     With reference to  FIG.  1 C , the exercise device  100  is turned upside down. The adjustable spring lock  155  located beneath the headrest  150  allows the user to adjust the headrest  150  by moving the headrest  150  back and forth and locking the position of the headrest  150  to fit the height of the person. The phone holder  160  in  FIG.  1 C  is shown with a phone  163  inserted inside. The phone holder  160  allows the user to turn the phone  163  in a 360 degree rotation as well as forward and backwards once placed on the phone holder  160 . The phone holder  160  may be screwed, or a push in button mechanism may be used to connect the phone holder  160  to one side of the top frame section  102 . 
     The connectors  110 - 119  may include, without limitations, one or more of the following types of elements that provide the holding/hooking/locking/latching mechanism. The connectors may include clamps, for example, and without limitations, adjustable cable/wire clamps, power cord clamps, buckle line cord clips, cable clips, adhesive wire management clamps with adjustable tie mount, and/or nylon r-type white/black cable clamp organizer cord. The connectors may include zipper loop cords and/or spring loaded cord lock toggles. The connectors may include latches such as latch hook. 
     The connectors may include metal hardware rings, for example, and without limitations, steel rings with a pad, metal-D rings with clip, black anodized D-rings, D rings and O rings for straps, and/or metal opening O rings. The connectors may include cable ties, for example, and without limitations, cable wire storage, D lines, cable tidies, universal cable holders, adhesive tape wire cable holders, adhesive cable straps, clip buckle cord plastic ties, and/or self-adhesive wire tie cable mount clamp clip. The connectors may include nickel and/or anodized and stainless steel footman loops. 
     The connectors may include pin hardware, for example, and without limitations, metal spring pins and/or retaining clip spring cotter pins. The connectors may include hooking mechanism, for example, and without limitations, heavy duty black vinyl coated S-hooks, wire hooks, loop snaps, carabiner clips, steel D-ring snap hook carabiners, mini carabiners, metal snap hooks, mini metal spring links, shock (or bungee) cord hooks, swivel snap hooks, stayput shock cord hooks, shock cord hook clips, lock zip cords, spring cords, reusable adjustable wire fixing clamp, and/or cables that have tie mount. 
     The hooks may be designed with a hedge mechanism that may allow the hooks to bend forward and backwards. Some hooks may include a pulling and tightening belt strap mechanism to secure the elastic bands while other hooks/straps might be designed with a D ring mechanism that has an opening in the ring that allows the elastic band to lock in and/or to be wrapped or tied around. 
     The connectors may include plastic cord locks, which may include the following styles of plastic cord locks: ball style, barrel style, block style, bowling pin style, capped barrel style, double hole style, ellipse style, big bertha barrel style, round barrel style, uncapped square barrel style, mini style, cord keepers, and/or self-adhesive nylon mounting flat pole. The connectors may include adjustable elastic multi band straps/loop strap fasteners/holder/strap. 
     In some embodiments, a locking mechanism with snap fit feature may be provided to snap and lock the elastic band in place. The connectors  110 - 119 , in some embodiments, may be attachable and detachable. The connectors  110 - 119 , in some embodiments, may be permanently attached to the exercise device  100 . 
     In addition to the above-mentioned examples for the connectors  110 - 119 , the connectors in some embodiments may be holes made in the frame of the exercise device  100 .  FIG.  1 D  is a front elevation view of the full body exercise device of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , where the connectors for connecting the elastic bands are holes made in the frame of the full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  1 D , the full body exercise device  100  may have similar components as the full body exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 A . However, in addition to, or in lieu of the connectors  110 - 119 , the exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 D  includes one or more connectors  171 - 180 . 
     The connectors  171 - 180  include holes (or openings) that are made in the frame sections  101 - 103  of the exercise device  100  to connect elastic bands such as the elastic band  121  to the exercise device. Although  FIG.  1 D  shows that there are a total of ten connectors  171 - 180 , the exercise device  100 , in different embodiments, may include more or fewer connectors than shown in the figure. The connectors&#39;  171 - 180  holes are made such that a band may go through a hole from one side of the exercise device  100  (e.g., the front, the back, the top, the bottom of the device in the pictured orientation) and come out of another side of the device. 
     The connectors&#39;  171 - 180  holes may be used to connect an elastic band to the device  100 . The elastic band may be tied around one hole. The elastic band may be connected to the device  100  by passing the band through several hole. For example, as shown in  FIG.  1 D , the elastic band  121  may be secured by passing through the two connectors&#39;  171 - 172  holes. 
     In some of the present embodiments, the edges around the connectors&#39; holes may be covered by a soft material such as, for example, and without limitations, rubber, plastic, silicone, vinyl, etc., to protect a person&#39;s skin against the rough edges of the holes and/or to prevent the rough edges of the holes to damage the elastic bands that go through the holes. In some embodiments, the diameters of the holes are made such that one or more elastic bands may pass through a hole. 
     As described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the frame of the full body exercise, in some embodiments, may include several separate sections  101 - 103  to allow the length and/or the width of the exercise device to be adjusted. The separate sections may be physically separated for ease of transportation and storage. At least a portion of the frame of the exercise device, in some embodiments, may be collapsible to further facilitate transportation and storage. 
       FIG.  1 E  is a side perspective view a full body exercise device with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect and a collapsible frame, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  1 E , the exercise device  100  may include several push in buttons such as the push in buttons  136 - 139  and  146 - 147  that may be used to separate different sections of the exercise device&#39;s frame from each or to separate different segments of a section from each other. The push in buttons  136 - 139  and  146 - 147  may be used to adjust the width and/or the length of the exercise device  100 . Adjusting the width and/or the length of the exercise device is further described below with reference to  FIG.  5   . 
     With continued reference to  FIG.  1 E , the exercise device&#39;s frame may include one or more collapsible telescopic segments  251 - 266 . Different embodiments may include different number of telescopic segments. Each of the bottom frame section  101 , the top frame section  102 , and the middle frame section  103  may include one or more telescopic segments. Adjacent telescopic segments may belong to the same frame section  101 - 103  or to a different frame section. 
     The telescopic segments may have an appropriate shape to facilitate the collapsing of the adjacent segments into each other. For example, and without limitations, the telescopic segments may have a substantially tubular shape. The adjacent tubes may have different diameters such that a first tube of a first segment may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than an adjacent second tube of a second segment (e.g., the inside diameter of the first tube may be slightly larger than the outside diameter of the second tube) such that a portion of the smaller diameter tube may fit into a portion of the larger diameter tube. 
     The frame of the exercise device  100  may include locking mechanisms  270  between the adjacent telescopic segments. The locking mechanisms may be used for quick tightening and release of the adjacent telescopic segments against each other. The locking mechanisms may be internal or external. The internal locking mechanisms may be configured to use friction to stay locked. For example, and without limitations, the locking mechanism, in some embodiments, may include an expansion joint inside a frame segment. 
     The expansion joint may be made of an expandable substance, such as plastic, and may expand when the frame segment is twisted in a first direction in order to tighten the frame segment to an adjacent frame segment. The expansion joint may contract when the frame segment is twisted in a second, opposite direction, in order to release the frame segment from the adjacent frame segment. 
     The external locking mechanisms may include a lever or clamp that may be used to quickly lock and unlock adjacent telescopic segments. Both internal and external locking mechanisms may be used to collapse the frame and/or to adjust and finetune the width and/or the length of the excursive device&#39;s frame to fit the size of a particular person. 
     With further reference to  FIG.  1 E , some of the adjacent frame segments, such as the frame segments  252 - 254  may be substantially straight. These segments may be configured to telescopically collapse into the segment that has the largest diameter (e.g., segment  252 ). 
     Some of the adjacent segments, such as segments  254  and  255 , segments  255  and  256 , segments  259  and  260 , etc., may have different curvatures. For example, segment  254  may be substantially straight and segment  255  may have a straight portion adjacent to the segment  254 , a curved portion, and another straight portion adjacent to the segment  256 . The frame of the exercise device may be configured such that a push in button, such as the push in button  147 , may be pressed down and the straight portion of the segment  255  may be pushed inside the segment  254  by unlocking the locking mechanism  270  located between the two segments. The connection loops, such as the connection loop  114 , may be moved along the groves  125  to a desirable position in order to facilitate the telescopic movement of the segment  257  inside an adjacent segment, such as the segment  256 . 
     In some embodiments, the curved segments of the frame, such as the segment  255  may be further divided into smaller curved telescopic segments (not shown). The curved telescopic segments may be shaped as pipe bends. The adjacent curved segments may have different diameters such that a first curved segment may be hollow and may have a larger diameter than an adjacent second curved segment such that a portion of the smaller diameter curved segment may fit into a portion of the larger diameter curved segment. 
     The full body exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 E  provide several technical advantages over the ab roller devices that are made of a contiguous frame. The individual segments may be separated and/or fitted into an adjacent segment. The full body exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 E  may be collapsed into a smaller volume for ease of storage and/or to facilitate carrying (e.g., inside a backpack or a gym bag). The width and/or the length of the full body exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 E  may also be adjusted and finetuned by using the telescopic segments, such as the telescopic segments  251 - 266  and the locking mechanisms  270 . 
     Different types of connectors. telescopic segments, and/or locking mechanisms described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 E  may be used for any other exercise device of the present embodiments. For example, and without limitations, the connectors shown in  FIGS.  2 - 6 ,  8 - 36 , and  38    may be one or more of the connector types described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 E . 
       FIG.  2    is a functional diagram illustrating an example use of one or more elastic bands to provide rocking effect for a full body exercise device, without the use of hands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  2   , as shown, includes four operational stages  201 - 204 . In stage  201 , a person using the exercise device  100  has placed the person&#39;s head and neck on the headrest  150  in a supine position. The person has crunched in the knees and has placed the feet  190  in the foot straps  120 . The foot straps  120  are connected to the elastic band(s)  121 , which is(are) connected to the top frame section  102  by the connectors  110 - 111 . As described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C , the elastic band(s)  121  may be one piece or two separate pieces and there may be one or more connectors on the top frame section  102  to connect the elastic band(s)  121 . 
     As shown in stage  202 , once the person has put the feet  190  in the foot straps  120 , the person may substantially straighten the person&#39;s legs  210  by applying a downward pressure to the foot straps  120 . The feet  190  attached to the foot straps  120  create a pull down force on the top frame section  102 , which in turn results in having the back area of the device, where the headrest  150  is located, to automatically lift off from its resting position on ground. The curved design of the exercise device  100  and the placement of the elastic band(s)  121  create a force on the exercise device  100  that creates a forward motion (in relation to the person&#39;s head  240 ) when the legs  210  are in straight, substantially horizontal, position. 
     As shown in stage  203 , the straighter the legs  210  and the closer the legs  210  are towards the ground, the higher the back portion of the exercise device  100  lifts off the ground, creating more pressure on the abdominal muscles  215  of the person while the person&#39;s body goes forward and comes back down. This movement contracts the abdominal muscles  215 , while at the same time provides leg muscle workout out and provides a body stretch. 
     As shown in stage  204 , the person with the head on the headrest  150  (which may include memory foam) and the feet  190  secured in elastic band&#39;s foot straps  120  has the legs  210  in vertical position, facing up. The person in this stage has removed the downward pressure to the foot straps  120 . Having the legs  210  in the vertical position, the exercise device  100  automatically rocks back into its original position, having the headrest  150  touching the ground. The automatic teeter-totter motion effect described with reference to stages  201 - 204  is created because of the location of connectors (hooks/laches/straps)  110 - 111  that allow the elastic band(s)  121  to attach to the top frame section  102  and the curvature of design of the exercise device  100 . 
     The person may repeat stages  201 - 204  to exercise the abdominal muscles. The person&#39;s hand may rest on the person&#39;s body as illustrated. The person may also place the hands on the of top frame section  102  without pressing down. The person&#39;s hand may also be pressed on the top frame section  102  to further assist in the teeter-totter motion, or the person&#39;s hand may rest on armrests (not shown) when the exercise device has the armrests  165  (as shown in  FIG.  1 A ). 
     In the previous ab roller devices, a person had to rely on the person&#39;s hands pushing down on the top frame section  102  in order to move the exercise device  100  in the forward and backward directions. By attaching the elastic band(s)  121  to the top frame section  102 , and creating a teeter-totter (or rocking) motion without relying on the hands, some of the present embodiments provide the technical advantage of relieving the person&#39;s hand from creating the teeter-totter motion. For example, the person may simply put the hands on the top frame section  102  for stability and may use the legs  210  to provide the teeter-totter motion. Alternatively, the person may rest the hands and arms on the optional armrests  165  ( FIGS.  1 A- 1 C ) with or without grabbing the top frame section  102  and still provide the rocking motion to the exercise device  100  using the legs  210 , the foot straps  120 , and the elastic band(s)  121 . Alternatively, the person may attach additional elastic bands to the exercise device  100  and use the hands, as described in several examples below, to perform additional exercises simultaneous to performing abdominal crunches. 
       FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  show several connectors  110 - 119  for connecting elastic bands. Some embodiments may include a railing mechanism  125  to move the connectors  110 - 119  along the frame sections  101 - 103 . Accordingly, the locations of the connectors  110 - 119  may not be fixed and the connectors may be moved along the railing  125  to different locations in order to perform different exercises. In addition, the number of the connectors may be more or fewer then the number of connectors shown in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C . For example, a fewer connectors may be used and the same connector may be moved along the railing  125  to any desired location (e.g., the locations shown for the connectors  111 - 114  or the locations shown for the connectors  116 - 119 ). 
       FIG.  3    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device with a set of railings and brackets to move the connectors along the frame sections, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  3   , the exercise device  100  may include the railings  125 . The railings  125  may include the openings (or slots)  305 . The railings  125 , in some embodiments, may run substantially across the frame sections  101 - 103 . In other embodiments, the railings  125  may run across some portions of the frame sections  101 - 103 . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  3   , the exercise device  100  may include one or more brackets  310  that may slide on the railings  125 . Each bracket may include a locking element such as the pin/push in buttons  315 . The pins/push in buttons  315  may be used to hook the bracket  310  into one of the opening/slots  305  on the railings  125 . By pressing the push in button twice, the push in button  315  may unhook the bracket  310 , allowing the person to slide the bracket  310  up or down on railings  125 . The arrows  330  symbolize that the bracket  310  is able to move up or down on the frame of the device  100 . 
     The connectors  340  may be similar to the connectors described with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C . Each connector  340  may be connected to (e.g., may be attached to the top of) a bracket  340 . All of the above-mentioned connector types may be slidable across the railing  125 , which may allow the user to choose where the user prefers to connect the elastic bands. In addition, some embodiments may include one or more connectors similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . 
     In some of the present embodiments, the brackets  310  may be turned to lock into the openings/slots  305 . For example, by turning a bracket  310  to the right, the pin/push in button  315  of the bracket  310  may lock into a slot  305 . By turning the bracket  310  to the left, the pin/button  315  may be unlocked from the slot  305 . The connectors  340  may be hooks and the hooks attachment on the bracket  310  may be designed with a swivel mechanism that may allow the hooks to move side to side. 
       FIG.  4    is the full body exercise device of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  with additional elastic bands connected to different connectors, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As described above, some embodiments may include a railing mechanism  125  to move the connectors  110 - 119  along the frame sections  101 - 103 . Accordingly, the locations of the connectors  110 - 119  may not be fixed and the connectors may be moved along the railing  125  to different locations in order to perform different exercises. In addition, the number of the connectors may be more or less then the number of connectors shown in  FIG.  4   . For example, the same connector may be moved along the railing  125  to any desired location (e.g., the locations shown for the connectors  111 - 114  or the locations shown for the connectors  116 - 119 ). 
     Each elastic band placement may allow the user to perform different exercises. The user may connect more than one elastic band to a connector for any of the exercises mentioned in the present embodiments to provide more resistance for doing the exercise. For example, connecting an elastic band  415  to the connector  115  and an elastic band  416  to the connector  116  may allow the user to work out the triceps, chest, and shoulders muscles. The person may lie on the back with the head on the headrest  150 , while having the knees slightly bent. The person may then reach back with the hands, behind the head, and grab the elastic bands  415  and  416  that are connected to the connectors  115  and  116 , respectively. The person may then extend the arms outwards, directly above the shoulder, bending the elbows and back down until the person reaches behind the head, and then backs up, above the shoulder muscles. 
     Another exercise with the resistant bands  415  and  416  is called “lying pull overs.” In this exercise, the person may lie flat on the back with the head on the headrest  150  and reach back with arms, grabbing one or both resistant bands  415  and  416  with the hands, and pressing the arms up and over the head. This exercise works out the triceps, chest and shoulder muscles. The person may connect one band to both connectors  115  and  116 . The person may also connect more than one elastic band to a single connector. The person may also connect the elastic band  415  from the connector  115  to the connector  114  and the elastic band  416  from the connector  116  to the connector  117 , creating diagonal straight lines with each band  415  and  416 . The person may grab each band with the hands, and may crunch in the elbows, pulling down on the bands  415  and  416  towards the rib cage. This exercise works out the latissimus dorsi (lats) and abdominal (ab) muscles. 
     Another exercise the person is able to do with elastic bands connected to the connectors  114  and  117  is an exercise to help improve and strengthen the rotator cuff muscle, which is located in the shoulder. This exercise is called shoulder lateral rotation. The person may lie on the back, with the head on the headrest  150 . The person may cross the left arm over to the right side of the connector  114  where the band  414  is located, and/or cross the right arm over to the left side of the connector  117  where the band  417  is located. 
     Having one arm crossing over the chest area, the person may grab the corresponding elastic band  414  or  417  and pull the band over to the side of the arm that is used to pull the band, while keeping the elbows close into the body. The person may then rotate the shoulders, such that the arm moves outwards. The person may then repeat this motion. 
     Another exercise that a person may be able to perform with elastic bands  414  and  417  connected to the connectors  114  and  117 , respectively is a lying chest fly. The person may have the legs bent and/or straight out, and the person may grab one elastic band  414  or  417  with each hand (the band that is closer to the hand). The person may then extend the arms out with the elbow slightly bent. This exercise strengthens the muscles in the chest area. 
     Since the connectors  414  and  417  are located on the lower portion of the middle frame section  103  (i.e., closer to the headrest  150 ), using elastic bands connected to the connectors  414  and  417  allows the person to perform chest and shoulder workout. The resistance of bands connected to the connectors  414  and  417  contracts the muscles in the chest and shoulder areas. 
     Elastic bands may also be diagonally connected from the connector  117  to the connector  112  or from the connector  114  to the connector  119 . By doing so, while lying down, the person may have the head on the headrest  150  and may place the knees and/or the feet on the band. The person may then press down on the bands towards the ground, slowly allowing the band to come back. The resistance of the band may push back the knee or foot towards the person, constricting the abs and hip muscles. At the same time, the person may stretch out the muscles in the legs. 
     In another exercise (as further described below with reference to  FIG.  18   ), an elastic band may be connected from the connector  114  to the connector  112 . Another elastic band may be connected from the connector  117  to the connector  119 . The person may be able to perform a stretch by the lying on the back and raising the legs and having both knees bent in (in a frog like position). The person may then place the side of the knees on each of the bands that is connected to each side. The person may then place the inner knees on each side of the elastic band, putting pressure on the elastic band. The person may then release the contraction of the elastic band by releasing the pressure off the band. This back and forth movement, may create a teeter-totter effect, working out the abdominal area, while providing a stretch that may help the person loosen and strengthen the muscles in the hip, glutes, and inner groin areas. 
     The connectors  112  and  119  that are located on the top portion of the middle frame section  103  may allow (as further described below with reference to  FIG.  16   ) the person to place the foot inside a strap and/or an elastic loop at the end of the bands  412  and  419  and/or directly place the foot/hands inside the bands to work out the legs or biceps. The person may be able to simultaneously work out the muscles in the legs, chest, and arms areas by connecting two or more elastic bands at a time. For example, the person may be able to grab on the elastic bands  415  and  416  and perform lying pull overs to work out the arm, shoulder, and chest muscles. At the same time, the person may place the foot into an elastic band that is connected to the connectors  112  and  119  and perform knee crunches to work out the ab and glute muscles. Several more exercises that may be performed by additional elastic bands are described below. 
     The prior art ab roller devices do not allow a person to adjust the width of the device. If the person is tall or the person has a big shape, the person may have difficulty using the device (or may not be able to use the device) because of the device&#39;s narrow width relative to the person&#39;s body width. Some of the present embodiments solve this problem by providing a mechanism to adjust the width of the exercise device.  FIG.  5    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device  100  that includes mechanisms to adjust the width and the length of the exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIG.  5   , the connectors  113  and  118 , which are located on the inner curved portion of the middle frame section  103 , may be used to connect an elastic band with a memory foam pillow  505 . A resistant band, with or without the memory foam pillow  505 , may be connected from the connector  118  to the connector  113 , and may be used to assist for pushups and dips when the device is turned over. The memory foam pillow resistant band may assist the person to perform dips and pushups when the device is turned over for additional workout. As described further below, the memory foam pillow resistant band may also be used without the exercise device  100 . 
     The push in buttons  587  and  588  may be used to detach the bottom frame section  101  from the middle frame section  103 . The push in buttons  585  and  586  and the slots  195  and  196  may be used to adjust the length of the exercise device  100 . The push in buttons  585  and  586  may also be used to detach the middle frame section  103  from the top frame section  102 . 
     The push in button  181  on the top frame section  102  and/or the push in button  183  on the bottom frame section  101  may be used to adjust the width of the exercise device  100 . There may be several openings (or slots)  192  on the top frame section  102  that the push in button  181  may be placed in. There may be several openings (or slots)  194  on the bottom frame section  101  that the push in button  183  may be placed in. By pushing in the push in buttons  181  and/or  183 , the user may be able to adjust the width of exercise device  100  using one of the several openings (or slots). 
     The exercise device  100  may include the handlebars  590 , located on the middle frame section  103 . One problem that a user may face when using an ab roller device is the pressure that the person applies with the legs on the elastic bands that are attached to the top and/or middle frame sections may lift up the ab roller device off the ground. 
     The handlebars  590  solve this lifting problem. For example, when the person applies pressure on the elastic bands with the legs, the person may hold on to the handlebars  590 . By holding down on to the handlebars  590 , the exercise device  100  may not lift off the ground. The handlebars  590  may be use for different work outs. For example, when a person is performing a chest workout, the person may lie flat on the ground with the back of the head on the headrest  150 . The person may then place each hand on one each of the handlebars  590 . The person may bend the elbows slightly, lift up the exercise device off the ground, and slowly bring the exercise device  100  back down. By repeating this up and down motion with the exercise device  100 , the person may work out the muscles in the arms and chest areas. 
     Another technical advantage of the handlebars  590  is that when the exercise device is flipped upside down to perform pushup and/or dips, the person has the option of placing the hands on the handlebars  590 . One of the benefits of placing the hands on the handlebars versus the device&#39;s frame is that the person is able to turn the wrist up and down, as the person is performing push-ups. By turning the wrist up and down, the person is able to contract the muscles in the forearms, which results in strengthening the forearms. The handlebars  590 , in some embodiments, may be attachable and detachable and may be made of material such as, for example, and without limitations, steel or other types of metal, plastic, etc. 
     As described below with reference to  FIG.  37   , the headrest  150 , in some embodiments, may be an ergonomic contouring headrest that may move with the motion of the device. In addition to, or in lieu of the headrest being an ergonomic contouring headrest, the memory foam pillow  505  of  FIG.  5    may be attached to the existing headrest  150 .  FIG.  5    shows the bottom plan view of the memory foam pillow  505 . As shown, the memory foam pillow  505  may include the snap on buttons  510  that may snap into the snap buttons  515 , which may be located on top or underneath the headrest  150  or on the bottom frame section  101 . As described below, the memory foam pillow  505  may be detached from the headrest  150  and may be used with a resistant band without the exercise device  100 . 
     The exercise device  100  may include foam paddings  531  for hand grip support. The foam paddings  531  may cover a portion of the top frame section  102 . Alternatively, the foam paddings  531  may cover a portion of the middle frame section  103 . The exercise device  100  may include foam paddings  536  for ground support when the device is in rocking motion. The foam paddings  536  may be used for hand grip support when the device is turned upside down. The foam paddings  536  may cover a portion of the middle frame section  102 . The exercise device  100  may include foam paddings  534  for hand support when the exercise device  100  is turned upside down. 
     The exercise device  100  may include foam padding peg frames  533  located on the bottom frame section  101  (close to the middle frame section  103 ) for gripping the surface where the exercise device is located (e.g., the ground, floor, etc.) to provide stability when the exercise device  100  is in rocking motion. Once the exercise device  100  is turned upside down for pushups and dip, the foam paddings  533  may be used for grip support on the surface where the exercise device is located. The foam padding peg frames  533  may be attachable and detachable and may be made of material such as, for example, and without limitations, steel or other types of metal, plastic, rubber, etc. 
     The end of foam padding peg frames  533  may have a spring clamp, a hook-and-loop fastener strap, or a similar mechanism that may allow a person to attach the foam padding peg frames  533  to the bottom frame section  101 . The hook-and-loop fasteners include two components which may be attached to the opposing surfaces to be fastened. The first component includes tiny hooks and the second component includes small loops. When the two components are pressed together, the hooks may catch in the loops and the two pieces fasten or bind temporarily. An example of the hook-and-loop fasteners is the hook-and-loop fasteners provided by Velcro company. Instead of a spring clamp mechanism, the end of the foam padding peg frames  533  may include a push in button mechanism to allow a person to latch the pegs onto the bottom frame. In the embodiments that the foam padding peg frames  533  include push in button mechanism, the bottom frame section  101  may have holes (or openings) to which the button may latch in. 
     The exercise device  100  may include the attachable and detachable foam padding peg frames  532  located on both sides of the top frame section  102 . The foam padding peg frames  532  may be used for hanging towels or clothing items and/or may be used to provide stability when the exercise device is used in an upside down position (e.g., as described below with reference to  FIGS.  6  and  8   ). 
     The end of the foam padding peg frames  532  may have a spring clamp, a hook-and-loop fastener strap, or a similar mechanism that may allow attaching the foam padding peg frames  532  to the top frame section  102 . The foam padding peg frames  532  may be made of material such as, for example, and without limitations, steel or other types of metal, plastic, rubber, etc. 
     Instead of a spring clamp mechanism, the end of the foam padding peg frames  532  may include a push in button mechanism to allow latching the pegs onto the top frame  102 . If the foam padding peg frames  532  include push in button mechanism, then the top frame section  102  may have holes (or openings) to which the button may latch in. 
     The exercise device  100 , in some embodiments, may be foldable. The middle frame section  103  may include a push in button mechanism and/or a pull down lever mechanism that may allow a person to fold the exercise device from the middle, making it convenient to store away the device. 
       FIG.  6    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  in an upside down position, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  6   , the person  670  may be able to watch a workout program with a phone  610  placed on the phone holder  160  (e.g., while performing an exercise such as pushups). For example, the person may download a workout application on the phone  610 . The workout application may be programmed to use a motion sensor in the phone  610  (e.g., an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.) to sync with, and recognize, the movements of the exercise device and the person&#39;s body while the device is being used. The person may select which exercise to perform and watch a digital coach guiding the person through the selected exercise. The workout application may be configured to guide the person step by step through different exercise programs such as, for example, and without limitations, strength conditioning, covering the upper and lower body, different yoga stretches, and/or Pilate movements. The workout application, in some embodiments, may track statistics such as, for example, and without limitations, the person&#39;s heartrate, the calories burnt, the duration of exercise performed, etc. 
     In order to perform pushups on the exercise device  100 , the person may place the hands on the foam padding  531  for grip support. The person may connect a memory foam pillow elastic band  620  to the connectors  113  and  118 .  FIG.  7 A  shows the top perspective views of several memory foam pillow elastic bands  701 - 703  that may be used for pushups and dips, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  7 B  shows the bottom perspective views of the memory foam pillow elastic bands  701 - 703  of  FIG.  7 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B , the memory foam pillow  505  may be similar to the memory foam pillow  505  of  FIG.  5   . The elastic bands  731 - 733  may be tubular or non-tubular elastic bands. At the two ends of each memory foam pillow elastic band  701 - 703 , there may be different types of endings  711 - 713 . The endings  711 - 713  act as a latching mechanism, which may be attached to the connectors (such as the connectors  110 - 119  of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C and  4 - 5    or the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D ) on the exercise device  100 . For example, the endings  711  may include elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loops with a grommet/eyelet  730 . 
     The endings  712  may include two webbing buckle straps at each end (e.g., and without limitations, the endings may be made of elastic or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners strap). The endings  713  may include elastic or non-elastic webbing loops without a grommet/eyelet. For example, the endings  713  may be made with elastic loops designed with the elastic band itself, by making a loop at the ends and securing the loop by wrapping a tape around the loop that was created. 
     The webbing loop may be connected to the elastic band by grommet/eyelet. The webbing loop may also be connected to the elastic band by wrapping the webbing loop with strong tape, rubber, and/or sewing onto the elastic band. The loops may also be made from metal, plastic snap hooks, and/or D rings/buggee shock cords, which are attached by wrapping a strong tape and rubber, and/or sewing into the end of the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop. The ends of the elastic bands that is made with elastic loops may be made from the elastic band itself. If the loops were made by the elastic band itself, the loops would be made, by making a loop at the ends and securing the loop by wrapping the tape around the loop that was created. 
     The memory foam pillow elastic band  701 - 703  may be connected to any two connectors (such as, for example, and without limitations, poles/railing/bars). The memory foam pillow and the elastic band, in some embodiments, may be covered with wicking fabric.  FIG.  7 B  shows how the memory foam pillow  505  may be attached to the tubular and/or non-tubular elastic bands  731 - 733 . The memory foam pillow  505  may be attachable and detachable as described further below. 
     With reference to  FIG.  6   , the memory foam pillow elastic band  620  may be any of the memory foam pillow elastic bands  701 - 703  of  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B . The person  670  may have the memory foam pillow push elastic band  620  positioned, hanging in front of the chest. The person may be able to perform pushups, by bending in the elbows  690  and going forward with the chest towards the ground and applying pressure towards the memory foam pillow elastic band  620 . The person may continue to have the elbows  690  bent, lowing the body closer to the ground. 
     The resistance of the memory foam pillow elastic band  620  connected to both side of the exercise device  100  may assist the person  670  in being pushed back up. Repeating this up and down motion using the memory foam pillow elastic band  620  may make performing the pushups much easier that doing the pushups without the band  620 . The memory foam pillow resistance band  620  may give support towards the person&#39;s chest area while applying pressure. 
     With reference to  FIG.  6   , a custom resistance band  630  that includes two pairs of resistant bands  631 - 632  may be used. One pair of resistant bands  631  may be connected to the connectors  115  and  116  on the lower frame section  101 . The resistant band  631  are further connected to person&#39;s foot braces  120 .  FIG.  7 C  shows the top perspective view of a custom resistant band  630 , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the resistant band  630  may include a pair of elastic tubular and/or non-tubular elastic bands  631  that are attached to each of another pair of elastic bands  632  that may also be tubular and/or non-tubular. Although the four endings of the resistant band  630  are shown with webbing loops  711  and grommet/eyelet  730 , the endings may include webbing buckle straps at each end (similar to the ending  712  of  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B ) or may include elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loops without a grommet/eyelet (similar to the ending  713  of  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B ). 
     With further reference to  FIG.  6   , the person  670  may use the custom resistant band  630  to perform back leg lifts, by bending the knee, lifting each leg one at a time, and extending the leg outward and back in, towards the waist line. Repeating the back and forth motion of legs may strengthen the glutes and legs of the person  670 . The pair of elastic tubular and/or non tubular elastic bands  632  adds resistance to the resistant band  631 , for example, when performing an exercise called leg side kick. The person  670  may be in the same position as in  FIG.  6   , and may move each leg side to side, one leg at a time. When repeating the sidekicks with the legs, the pair of elastic bands  632  may contract the muscles in the person&#39;s  670  glute and leg areas. 
     With reference to  FIG.  6   , the custom resistant band  630  may be similar to the custom resistant band  630  of  FIG.  7 C  with any of the endings  711 - 713  of  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B . The purpose and benefit of the pair of bands  632  of  FIG.  7    being attach to the pair of bands  631  is to allow the person to feel the contraction of the band by moving the legs side to side. By moving the legs side to side, one at a time, the person may contract the muscles in the glutes and at the same time stretching out the hips. This is achieved by having the custom resistant band  630  to be horizontally and vertically designed as shown in  FIG.  7 C . 
     By attaching the elastic bands  631  to the front of the feet, the person may be able to perform a glute and leg exercise. While performing push-ups, in between each transition of coming back up, the person may lift one foot off the ground, pushing out the legs, while having the knees slightly bent. The person&#39;s heels may be going backwards, up towards the ceiling. Repeating this movement may strengthen the muscles in the glute and leg areas. 
       FIG.  8    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  in an upside down position with the user in the opposite position of  FIG.  6   , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  8   , the person  670  may turn to the opposite position of  FIG.  6   , facing frontwards with the glute area facing the ground, while having the hands on the two curve padding  534  of the exercise device  100 . 
     In order for the person  670  to perform dips, the person may bend in the elbows  690 , applying downward pressure. With the glutes on the memory foam pillow of the memory foam pillow elastic band  620  and while having the elbows  690  bent and applying downward pressure, the person may be able to receive assistance from the memory foam pillow elastic band  620 . The contraction of the memory foam pillow elastic band  620  may help in assisting the person to bounce back up. By repeating this motion, the person may perform dips without straining the arms, thereby allowing the person to work out the triceps, shoulders, chest and abdominal areas.  FIGS.  6  and  8    also illustrate how the detachable foam padding pegs  532 - 533  may provide support for stability by preventing the exercise device  100  from tipping over due to the curved design of the device  100 . 
       FIG.  9    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a bicep and abdominal exercise, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  9   , the connectors  119  and  112  on the middle frame section  103  are used to connect an elastic band and/or an elastic loop band  905  to the exercise device  100 . As shown, a person  970  may place a knee  910  through the elastic loop band  905 , putting forward pressure on the band  905 , and applying continuous forward bouncing pressure with the knee  910 . This movement may create a rocking motion to the device  100  and may work out the abs and glutes muscles. Simultaneously, the person  970  may be pulling the band  905  by a hand  920  towards the chest  930  and then back away from the chest  930 , releasing tension off of the elastic band  905 . By repeating this motion back and forth with the hands and knees (e.g., by switching to the other hand and the other knee), the person may create a rocking motion to the device  100  and be able to strengthen the biceps, abs, and glutes muscles at the same time. 
     In  FIG.  9   , the person  970  is directly placing the elastic loop band  905  onto the connectors  119  and  112 . The elastic loop band  905  and the elastic loop bands that are attached to the exercise devices of different embodiments may be any type of elastic resistant band such as therapy bands, which may have a flat surface rather than a tubular structure; compact resistance bands/tubular bands, which are the elastic bands with the two plastic handles at the end; or fit loop bands/mini bands, which are similar to the therapy bands. The fit loop band has flat surface, rather than a tubular structure and is a continuous loop. The elastic loop bands that are attached to the exercise devices of different embodiments may also be ring resistance bands, which include a small, single ring with two handles attached to either side. These handles are soft, rather than hard, plastic. The elastic loop bands may also be lateral resistance bands, which include hook-and-loop fasteners cuffs, instead of plastic handles, on each end of the bands. The cuffs are typically wrapped around the ankle. The elastic loop bands may also be pull up bands, which include one continuous loop. All bands may be made in different color and sizes, each color symbolizing the weight (or resistance) level of the band. 
       FIG.  10    is a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a leg push out exercise, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  10   , the user (only a portion of the user&#39;s body is shown) may connect an elastic band  1005  to the connectors  119  and  112 , which are located on the middle frame section  103 . 
     The user may apply forward pressure on the elastic band  1005  with both feet  190 . In this exercise, the user may work out the thighs, gluts, hips, and calf muscles. At the same time, the user may be working out the abs by doing knee crunches. This exercise also creates the rocking (or teeter-totter) effect on the exercise device  100 . Similar to the exercise described above with reference to  FIG.  2   , when the person applies downward pressure on the elastic band  1005 , the headrest  150  may lift off its resting position on the ground. When the person removes the downward pressure on the elastic band, the headrest  150  may go back to its resting position. The difference types of elastic band(s) that were described above with reference to  FIG.  9    may be used in this exercise. The elastic band and/or elastic loop band may be designed with wicking fabric. The elastic bands may be tubular or non-tubular elastic bands. 
       FIG.  11    a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a one arm exercise using an elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  11   , the person may lay flat on the back with the head on the headrest  150  ( FIG.  5   ). The person may attach a tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band and/or an elastic loop band  1105  to the connector  119  located on the middle frame section  103 . As described above, the location of the connector  119  may be adjusted using the railings  125 . 
     The person may then grab the end of the elastic loop band  1105  by a hand  1110  and perform a one arm exercise. This exercise may allow the person to work out the muscles in the arms, shoulders, and chest areas. If the person wants to work out the right arm (as shown in  FIG.  11   ), person may extend the right arm to the left side of exercise device where the band is located, extend the band outwards, and allow the band to slowly contract back. By repeating this motion back and forth, the contraction of the band  1105  may strengthen the muscles in the arm, shoulders, and chest areas. 
     If the person wants to work out the left arm, the person may place the elastic loop band  1105  on the connector  112  on the right side (in the pictured orientation) of the middle frame section  103 . The person may also workout both arms at the same time by connecting one elastic band or elastic loop band to the connector  112  and another elastic band or elastic loop band to the connector  119  and crossing the bands across the chest area. Pulling the bands with both bands creates an X figure motion. 
       FIG.  12    a functional diagram showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a one leg side stretch exercise using an elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  12   , a tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band and/or an elastic band  1205  may be connected to the one side of the full body exercise device  100  by the connectors  112  or  119 , which are located on the middle frame section  103 . As described above, the location of the connector  112  and/or  119  may be adjusted using the railings  125 . 
     The one leg side stretch exercise may allow a person to work out the hips, inner and out thighs, gluts, and the abs muscles at the same time. The person may have the head on headrest  150  ( FIG.  5   ) with the back flat on the ground. The person may then place the left foot  1210  in the loop of the elastic loop band  1205  that is attached to the connector  112 . The person may then move the legs side to side in motion, going out sideways and coming back in, which may contract the leg muscles and may create a rocking motion with the full body exercise device  100 . 
     The contraction of the elastic loop band  1205  may build strength in the leg muscles. If the person is working out the right leg, the person may place the elastic loop band  1205  around the connector  119  on the left side of the middle frame section. If the person wants to work out the left leg, the person may place the elastic band  1205  on the connector  112  on the right side (in the pictured orientation) of the middle frame section  103 , as shown in  FIG.  12   . 
       FIGS.  13 - 14    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a sit up exercise using two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  13 - 14   , the person  1470  working out on the full body exercise device  100  may connect an elastic band  1305  to the connectors  119  and  112 , which are located on the middle frame section  103 . As described above, the location of the connectors, in some embodiments, may be adjustable by moving the connectors across the railing  125  to adjust the location of the connector to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. 
     The elastic band  1305  may be a straight elastic band (as depicted in  FIGS.  13 - 14   ) or may be an elastic loop band (such as the loop band  905  of  FIG.  9   ). In the example of  FIGS.  13 - 14   , the elastic band  1305  may include the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop straps  1310  at the ends. The elastic band  1305  may be similar to the elastic band  731  of  FIGS.  7 A- 7 B . 
     With reference to  FIGS.  13 - 14   , the elastic band  1305  may include two elastic and/or non elastic webbing loop straps  1310 , one on each side of the elastic band  1305 . The two elastic and/or non elastic webbing loops  1310  may be connected to the elastic band  1305  by the grommets/eyelets  1320 . The ends of the elastic band that are the two elastic and/or non elastic webbing loops  1310 , in some embodiments, may include the connectors  1340  such as, for example, and without limitations, snap hooks, buggee shock cords, and/or elastic loops. The “snap hook/buggee shock cord” may also be made from metal and/or plastic. The ends  1310  of the elastic band  1305  may also include D rings that are sewn into the webbing loop. If the ends are made with D rings, then the person may have to attach a snap hook to the D rings, in order for the ends of the elastic band to attach to the connectors of the exercise device  100 . 
     Instead of the grommets/eyelets  1320 , the elastic and/or non elastic webbing loops  1310  may be connected to the elastic band  1305  by wrapping the webbing loops  1310  with tape, rubber with tape, and/or rubber sewed onto the elastic band. The loops, in some embodiments, may be designed from the elastic band itself. For example, a loop may be made at each end of the elastic band and secured by wrapping a tape around the loop and/or by using a lock cord mechanism. The webbing loops  1310  may also have wicking fabric (not shown) to protect the person&#39;s skin and bones against hard edges of the webbing, to provide protection from the snap hooks metal, to protect the person&#39;s skin from the hard edges of the grommet, and/or to prevent the rubber from pulling against the person&#39;s skin while working out. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  13 - 14   , another elastic band  121  may be connected to the connectors  110  and  111  on the top frame section  102 . Each end of the elastic band  121  may be connected to a foot brace  120 . Alternatively, two elastic bands of substantially the same size may be used instead of the one elastic band  121 . One end of the first elastic band may be connected to the connector  110  and one end of the second elastic band may be connected to the connector  111 . The other end of each elastic band may be connected to a foot brace  120 . 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  13 - 14   , the person  1470  may lay flat down with the back on the floor and the head on headrest  150 . As shown in  FIG.  14   , the person may place both legs over the elastic band  1305 . In the embodiments that the elastic band is a loop band, the person may slide both legs through the loop of the elastic band  1305 . The person may then place the feet into the foot braces  120 . 
     By adding the elastic band  1305  to the exercise device, the person may be able to work out the muscles in the hips, thighs, glutes, and adnominal areas at the same time. While the device is rocking back and forth by the pressure applied by the feet  190  to the elastic band(s)  121 , the person may apply downward pressure on the elastic band  1305 , which may contract the abdominal and leg muscles simultaneously. During this workout, the person may open and close the legs, contracting the muscles in the hips. thighs, and glute areas. At the same time, the exercise device may be rocking back and forth and contracting the abdominal muscles. This full body workout is possible because of the elastic band  1305  that is placed under the thigh area (or around the thigh area in the embodiments that the elastic band is an elastic loop band), as well as the elastic band  121  that is attached to the feet  120 . This exercise is sometime referred to as a straddle V sit up. 
       FIGS.  15 - 16    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a lying pull over and sit up exercise using more than two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The elastic bands  1305  and  121  may be similar to the elastic bands  1305  and  121  described above with reference to  FIGS.  13 - 14   . With reference to  FIGS.  15 - 16   , in addition to the elastic bands  1305  and  121 , the elastic band  1505  may be connected to connector  115  and the elastic band  1510  may be connected to the connector  116 . The other end of the elastic bands  1505 - 1510  may be connected to a hand straps/braces  1635 - 1640 , respectively. As described above, the location of the connectors, in some embodiments, may be adjustable by moving the connectors across the railing  125  to adjust the location of the connector to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. 
     The person  1670  may be able to create a rocking motion with the full body exercise device  100  by placing the foot  190  in the foot braces  120 . As the person  1670  is rocking forward with the full body exercise device  100 , the person may pull upwards on the elastic bands  1505  and  1510 , performing an exercise similar to a lying pull over exercise. This exercise may allow the person to work out the muscles in the arms, shoulders, and chest areas, while working out the abs and legs simultaneously. 
       FIGS.  17 - 18    are functional diagrams showing an example use of the full body exercise device  100  to perform a supine butterfly hip stretch and sit up exercise using more than two elastic bands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  17 - 18   , the elastic bands  1505 ,  1510 , and  121  may be similar to the elastic bands  1505 ,  1510 , and  121  described above with reference to  FIGS.  15 - 16   . As shown in  FIGS.  17 - 18   , in addition to the elastic bands  1505 ,  1510 , and  121 , an elastic band  1705  may connected between the connectors  119  and  117  and an elastic band  1710  may be connected between the connectors  112  and  114 . As described above, the location of the connectors, in some embodiments, may be adjustable by moving the connectors across the railing  125  to adjust the location of the connector to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. 
     The elastic bands  1705  and  1710  may be tubular and/or non-tubular loop covered with wicking fabric. The person  1870  may lay flat on the back with the head on the headrest  150 . The person may first place the feet  190  into the foot braces  120 . The person  1870  may then connect the gloves  1840  to the elastic bands  1505 - 1510 . The person may then bend the knees  1830 , bringing the heels of the feet as close as possible together. The person may then place each knee  1830  inside one of the elastic bands  1705 - 1710 , if the elastic bands  1705 - 1710  are elastic loop bands. If the elastic bands  1705 - 2110  are not elastic loop bands, the person may place the knees on top of the elastic bands. 
     The person may then let the knees  1830  slowly fold outwards, keeping the sole of the feet  190  as close as possible together. This position of the legs, while lying on the back, is a yoga exercise where a person may stretch out the inner legs and loosen up the hip joints. Furthermore, by having the elastic band(s)  121  connected to the feet  190 , and the elastic bands  1505 - 1510  connected to the hands, the person may be able to perform a lying down pullover and a butterfly crunch at the same time. Therefore, not only is the person able to stretch out the legs and hips, but the person is able to work out the abs and arms muscles at the same time. 
     Several examples of the full body exercise device  100  have been described herein with the particular frame design of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 E . Other embodiments may use a different frame design and/or a different arm rest design for the exercise device.  FIGS.  19 - 21    are perspective views of three examples of full body exercise devices with connectors for connecting one or more elastic bands to provide a rocking effect, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIG.  19   , the exercise device  1900  has a different armrest design than the armrests  165  of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . Other components of the exercise device  1900  may be similar to the components of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B,  1 D , and/or  FIG.  1 E . The armrests  165  of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B  may be used as a hand rest or an elbow rest and may be used to rest a person&#39;s hand, arm, or elbow. The armrests  165  may be connected to the middle frame section  103  of the exercise device  100  by the attachments  167  (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  1 A ). 
     In  FIG.  19   , the armrest  1965  may be connected to the middle frame  103  by a push in button  1995 . The exercise device  1900  may include a slot opening  1980  on each side of the middle frame  103  where the push in button  1995  may latch into. The connectors  1910 - 1915  that are located under the armrests  1965  provide the technical advantage of allowing a person to attach an elastic band from the connector  1910  to the connector  1915 . The person may place the leg(s) over of this elastic band and may connect the feet to another elastic band connected to the connector(s)  110 - 111  (e.g., as shown by the elastic band(s)  121  in  FIG.  1 A ). 
     In contrast to the armrests  165  of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B , the armrests  1965  of  FIG.  19    curve downward (in the pictured orientation where the exercise device is placed on the ground to receive a person in supine position). As shown, the exercise device  1900  may include the connectors  1910 - 1915  inside the curvature of the armrests  1965  to allow the attachment of elastic bands. 
     The exercise device  1900  may include the connectors  110 - 119 , which may be similar to the connectors  110 - 119  described above with reference to the exercise device  100  and may be used to connect elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect and/or to exercise different muscles groups. The exercise device  1900 , in some embodiments, may include connectors that are similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . The exercise device  1900 , in some embodiments, may include the railings  125  (which may be similar to the railings  125  of the exercise device  100 , described above) and may allow the location of the connectors  110 - 119  to be adjusted along the railings  125 . 
     The armrests  1965 , in some embodiments, may be permanently attached to the exercise device  1900 . The armrests  1965 , in other embodiments may be attachable and detachable. The armrests  1965  may be attached to the exercise device, for example, and without limitations, by the push in button mechanism  1995 . The height of the armrests  1965  may be adjustable, for example, and without limitations, by using the push in button mechanism  1995 . An armrest such as the armrest  1965  may be incorporated in any of the present embodiments, in lieu of the armrest  165 . The width of the exercise device  1900  may be adjustable by using the push in buttons  181  and  183  and the slots  192  and  194  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) to fit a person&#39;s body width. 
     With reference to  FIG.  20   , the top frame section  102  of the exercise device  2000  is located above the headrest  150 . This is in contrast with, for example, the exercise device  100  of  FIG.  1 A , where the top frame section  102  is located in front of a person who uses the exercise device  100  in supine position. 
     With further reference to  FIG.  20   , the headrest  150  may be attached to a horizontal bar  2080  that is attached to both sides of the middle frame section  103 . The horizontal bar  2080  is the bottom frame section of the exercise device  2000 . Some embodiments may include the connectors  2010 - 2015  on the horizontal bar  2080  for connecting elastic bands. A person may connect elastic bands (not illustrated) to the connectors  2010 - 2015  to create rocking motion with the full body workout device  2000 . The person may place the foot inside the foot brace (not illustrated) that is connected to the end of the elastic band, which may be similar to foot brace  120  of  FIG.  15   . 
     The ends of the horizontal bar  2080  may extend out through the middle frame section  103 , which may be used to place weights  2090  on each side. Clamps (not shown) may be placed at each end of the horizontal bar  2080  to secure the weights  2090  in place. 
     The armrests  2065  of  FIG.  20    may be attached at the curving point  2020  of the middle frame section  103 . The armrests  2065  may not be detachable in some embodiments. Some embodiments may include the connectors  2050 - 2055  under the armrests  2065  for connecting elastic bands. An elastic band may be connected to the connectors  2070  that are located on the top frame section  102 , as well as on the connector(s)  2050 - 2055 , and  2015 - 2010 , to create a teeter-totter effect. Once the elastic band is attached to these connectors, the person may place the feet into the foot braces that may be attached to the elastic band and create a teeter-tooter effect by moving the legs up and down and/or moving the legs in towards the chest area and back out. 
     The exercise device  2000  may include the connectors  110 - 119 , which may be similar to the connectors  110 - 119  described above with reference to the exercise device  100  and may be used to connect elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect and/or to exercise different muscles groups. The exercise device  2000  may include connectors that are similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . The exercise device  2000 , in some embodiments, may include the railings  125  (which may be similar to the railings  125  of the exercise device  100 , described above) and may allow the location of the connectors  110 - 119  to be adjusted along the railings  125  to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. The width of the exercise device  2000  may be adjustable by using the push in button  181  and the slots  192  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) to fit a person&#39;s body width. 
     With reference to  FIG.  21   , the frame of the exercise device  2100  may include the curvature  2105  next to the headrest  150 . The exercise device  2100  may include armrests (not shown) such as the armrest  165  of  FIG.  1 A  or the armrests  1965  of  FIG.  19    (which may include connectors such as the connectors  1910 - 1915  of  FIG.  19   ). The exercise device  2100  may include attachable foam paddings pegs (not shown) similar to the attachable foam paddings pegs  533  of  FIG.  5   . 
     Similar to what was described above with reference to the exercise device  100 , the connectors  110 - 119  of  FIG.  21    may be used to connect elastic bands to the exercise device  2100  to create a teeter-totter effect. Once the device  2100  is turned upside down, an elastic band with or without a memory foam pillow may be attached to the connectors  118  and  113  to assist the person in doing push up or dips, similar to what was described above with reference to  FIGS.  6  and  8   . 
     The exercise device  2100 , in some embodiments, may include the railings  125  (which may be similar to the railings  125  of the exercise device  100 , described above) and may allow the location of the connectors  110 - 119  to be adjusted along the railings  125  to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. The exercise device  2100 , in some embodiments, may include connectors that are similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . Other components of the exercise device  2100  may be similar to the components of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B  and/or  FIG.  1 D . The width of the exercise device  2100  may be adjustable by using the push in buttons  181  and  183  and the slots  192  and  194  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) to fit a person&#39;s body width. 
     In some of the present embodiments, the full body exercise device may not include a top frame section.  FIGS.  22 - 24    are perspective views of three examples of full body exercise devices that do not include a top frame section, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The exercise devices that do not include a top frame section, may allow a person to have more open space while using the exercise device. For example, while stretching, the open space may allow the legs to stretch out and move straight forward towards the chest without bending the knees. The top frame, at times would obstruct the fluidity of motion during some of the stretches/work out position. 
     With reference to  FIG.  22   , the middle frame section  103  of the full body exercise device  2200  extents straight up (in the pictured orientation where the exercise device is placed on the ground to receive a person in supine position), having the connectors  110  and  111  connected to the top end of the middle frame section  103 , which may allow attaching an elastic band to the connectors  110  and  111  to create a teeter-totter effect. 
     With reference to  FIG.  23   , the full body exercise device  2300  may be similar to the exercise device  2200  of  FIG.  22   , with the exception that the top ends  2320  of the middle frame section  103  curve in. With the curve design of the top ends  2320 , a person may be able to turn the full body exercise device  2300  up-side down to perform push-ups and dips. The curvature design provide the technical advantage of allowing the exercise device to have stability when the device is up-side down. Similar to what was described above, the connector(s)  110 - 119  may allow attaching elastic band(s) to create the teeter totter effect. The connector(s)  1910 - 1915  may allow connecting elastic band(s) to assist the person to perform push up and dips, similar to what was described above with reference to  FIGS.  6  and  8   . 
     With reference to  FIG.  24   , the full body exercise device  2400  includes a curved middle frame section  103  that also curves diagonally outward. In some embodiments, the top ends of the middle frame section  103  may include rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl handles  2405 . The handles  2405  may provide the exercise device  2400  stability once the exercise device  2400  is turned upside down. 
     The ergonomic handle bar design  2405  provides the technical advantage of giving stability to the device once the device is turned up-side down. The connectors  110 - 111  may allow connecting an elastic band with foot braces to the device. Once the elastic band is connected to the device, the person may place the feet into the foot brace and move the legs up and down to create a teeter-totter effect (e.g., as described above with reference to the exercise device  100 ). All exercise devices shown in  FIGS.  19 - 24    may include the retractable band mechanism (as described below with reference to  FIG.  35   ). 
     With reference to  FIGS.  22 - 24   , the armrests  1965  may be similar to the armrests  1965  of  FIG.  19   . The connectors  1910 - 1915  may be similar to the connectors  1910 - 1915  of  FIG.  19   . Alternatively, the exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and/or  2400  may include armrests similar to the armrest  165  of  FIG.  1 A . 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  22 - 24   , the full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400  may include connectors, which may be similar to the connectors  110 - 119  described above with reference to the exercise device  100  and may be used to connect elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect and/or to exercise different muscles groups. The full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400 , in some embodiments, may include connectors that are similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . 
     The full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400 , in some embodiments, may include the railings  125  (which may be similar to the railings  125  of the exercise device  100 , described above) and may allow the location of the connectors  110 - 119  to be adjusted along the railings  125  to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. The full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400  may include attachable foam paddings pegs (not shown) similar to the attachable foam paddings pegs  533  of  FIG.  5   . The width of the full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400  may be adjustable by using the push in button  183  and the slots  194  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) to fit a person&#39;s body width. The height of the middle frame sections  103  of the full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and  2400  may or may not be adjustable. For example, the full body exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and/or  2400  may include a push in button mechanism located on the middle frame section  103 , for example, and without limitations, similar to the push in buttons  585 - 588 , described above with reference to  FIG.  5   . 
     In some of the present embodiments, the full body exercise device may include a long frame size.  FIGS.  25 - 26    are perspective views of two examples of full body exercise devices with long frames, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  25 - 26   , when the exercise devices  2500  and  2600  are placed on a flat surface on the ground to receive a person in supine position, the tops  2505  and  2605  of the middle frame sections  2503  and  2603  are at least 4 feet above the ground level  2515 . In some embodiments, the tops  2505  and  2605  of the middle frame sections  2503  and  2603  are between 4 feet to 6 feet above the ground level  2515 . 
     The exercise device  2500  has a top frame section  2502 , a middle frame section  2503 , and a bottom frame section  2501 . The exercise device  2600  has a middle frame section  2603 , and a bottom frame section  2601 . The exercise device  2600  does not have a top frame section. The long frames of the exercise devices  2500  and  2600  provide the technical advantage of allowing the legs of a user to be extended out more during a stretch/workout. Furthermore, the exercise devices  2500  and  2600  are suitable for users that are taller than an average person, for example, and without limitations, basketball players, football players, etc. The width of the exercise devices  2500  and  2600  may be adjustable by using the push in button  183  and the slots  194  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) to fit a person&#39;s body width. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  25 - 26   , the height of the middle frame sections  2503  and  2603  may or may not be adjustable. For example, the exercise device  2500  and/or the exercise device  2600  may include a push in button mechanism located on the middle frame section, for example, and without limitations, similar to the push in buttons  585 - 588 , described above with reference to  FIG.  5   . 
     With reference to  FIGS.  25 - 26   , the armrests  1965  may be similar to the armrests  1965  of  FIG.  19   . The connectors  1910 - 1915  may be similar to the connectors  1910 - 1915  of  FIG.  19   . Alternatively, the exercise devices  2200 ,  2300 , and/or  2400  may include armrests similar to the armrest  165  of  FIG.  1 A . 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  25 - 26   , the exercise devices  2500  and  2600  may include the connectors  110 - 119 , which may be similar to the connectors  110 - 119  described above with reference to the exercise device  100  and may be used to connect elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect and/or to exercise different muscles groups. The exercise devices  2500  and  2600 , in some embodiments, may include connectors that are similar to the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D . 
     The exercise devices  2500  and  2600 , in some embodiments, may include the railings  125  (which may be similar to the railings  125  of the exercise device  100 , described above) and may allow the location of the connectors  110 - 119  to be adjusted along the railings  125  to match the type of exercise and/or the size of a person&#39;s body. The exercise devices  2500  and  2600  may include attachable foam paddings pegs similar to the attachable foam paddings pegs  533  of  FIG.  5   . 
       FIG.  27    is a functional diagram showing an example embodiment of a full body exercise device with a foldable bench, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  27   , the exercise device  2700  may include a foldable bench, which may include a headrest section  2702  and a back section  2705 . The foldable bench  2702 - 2705 , in some embodiments, may include a cushion foam. The cushion foam may be, for example, and without limitations, covered in synthetic leather. The foam may also be memory foam, which may contour to the shape of the neck, covering the open spaces between the seat and curvature of the neck. 
     The headrest  2702  section of the foldable bench may cover the head, neck, and the upper back areas. The back portion  2705  of the foldable bench may cover the lower back and glute areas. The foldable bench  2702 - 2705  may be attached to a horizontal frame bar  2710 . The full body exercise device  2700  may include a pair of diagonal leg frames  2715  and a pair of horizontal bars  2720 . Since  FIG.  27    shows a perspective view, one of the horizontal bars  2720  and one of several other pairs of components described below may be hidden by other components of the exercise device. The horizontal frame bar  2710 , the pair of diagonal leg frames  2715 , and the horizontal bars  2720  may be made, for example, and without limitations, from steel and/or other types of metal. 
     Each horizontal bar  2720  may be connected to a wheel  2725  on the bottom of the corresponding diagonal leg frame  2715 . The wheels  2725  may facilitate moving the exercise device  2700  with ease. The exercise device  2700  may include connectors (such as the connectors  2730 - 2735 ) on each diagonal leg frame  2715  to attach elastic bands. The exercise device  2700  may include push in buttons  2740  and/or a pull out lever mechanism to allow adjusting the diagonal leg frames  2715 . The exercise device  2700  may include a push in button mechanism  2782  and/or a pull out lever mechanism for adjusting the lower legs  2785  of the exercise device  2700 . Adjusting the lower legs  2785  may allow folding in the lower leg  2785  to flatten the device. Adjusting the diagonal leg frames  2715  and the lower legs  2785  enables flattening of the device for storage. For example, the device may be folded and stored under a bed and/or in a closet. 
     The exercise device  2700  may include the horizontal bar frame  2742  (which may be made, for example, and without limitations, from steel and/or other types of metal) that connects the two sides of the device together. The exercise device  2700  may include the push in button mechanism  2744  and/or pull out lever mechanism for adjusting the diagonal frame bar  2746 , which may be used to set the headrest  2702  on. By adjusting the diagonal frame  2746  to go down, the person may be able to go further back with the headrest  2702 , allowing the person to receive greater stretch by extending the body core. The plastic and/or rubber padding  2747 , located on top of the diagonal frame  2746  covers the steel/metal, allowing the person to lay the headrest  2702  on the padding  2747 . 
     The exercise device  2700  may include the horizontal frame  2750  (which may be made, for example, and without limitations, from steel and/or other types of metal) that connects to the handlebars  2755 . The handlebars  2755  may be covered with breathable, sweatproof rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl handles, which may allow a person to have a good grip on the handlebars  2755 . The handlebar  2755  may curve in. The curved portion  2757  of the handlebars  2755  is where the users may place their hands. 
     The exercise device  2700  may include the connectors  2760  on top of the curve portion  2757  of the handlebars  2755  for attaching elastic bands. The exercise device  2700  may include the top horizontal frame bar  2765  that is attached to the headrest  2702 . As shown, the exercise device  2700  may include two connectors  2767  on top of the top horizontal frame bar  2765  for attaching elastic bands (only one connector  2767  is shown in the pictured orientation). 
     The exercise device  2700  may include a push in button mechanism  2770  and/or pull out lever mechanism that allow the diagonal frame  2775 , connected to the footrest  2777 , to be adjusted up and down. Once the person has the leg attached to the elastic band  2781  that is connected to the connectors  2780  on top of the footrest  2777 , the push in mechanism  2770  and/or pull out lever mechanism may allow the person to extend the legs down and up more, resulting in receiving more of a stretch to the abdominal area. The footrest  2777  may include an opening  2779 , which may allow the users to slide their foot in. The footrest  2777  may, for example, and without limitations, have a rectangular shape and may be covered with sweatproof rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl, to give the users a good grip if they choose to place their foot in. 
     As shown, the exercise device  2700  may include the connectors  2780  on top of the footrest  2777  for attaching the elastic bands  2781 . The lower leg  2785  may be connected to a horizontal base  2787 . The horizontal base  2787  may be covered with sweatproof rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl to give a strong grip against the floor. The exercise device  2700  may include an attachable horizontal frame  2790  (which may be made, for example, and without limitations, from steel and/or other types of metal) underneath the bench  2705 . The horizontal frame  2790  may include the connector  2792  on each side for connecting elastic bands. The horizontal frame  2790  may be adjusted to move underneath the bench by a swivel mechanism located underneath the bench (not illustrated). 
     With further reference to  FIG.  27   , an example of using the exercise device  2700  for performing ab crunches is shown where the elastic bands  2793  are attached to the connectors  2760  and the foot braces  2795 . The connector(s)  2760 - 2767  may be used to attach elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect. Once the person attaches the elastic band  2793  to the connector(s)  2760  or  2767  and attaches the foot to the foot braces  2795  that are connected to the elastic band  2793 , the person may be able to create the teeter-totter effective by moving the legs up and down. If the footrest  2777  is not folded down towards the ground, the person may direct the legs downward, parallel to outside edges of the bench  2705  and the footrest  2777 . If the footrest  2777  is folded down, the person may be able to keep both legs together, and move the legs up and down without interference of the footrest. 
     As shown in  FIG.  27   , the person has attached the elastic bands  2793  to the foot braces  2795  and connected to the elastic band  2793  to the curve portion  2757  of the handlebar  2755 . The person may then connect elastic bands  2781  connected to the connectors  2780  and the connectors that are attached to the heel of the foot brace  2795 . By doing so, when performing exercise on the exercise device  2700 , the person has created a resistance in going down with the elastic bands  2793 , as well as creating resistance coming back up with the elastic band  2781 . As the legs go up, the elastic band  2781  attached to heel of the foot brace  2795  and to the connectors  2780  may contract the muscles in the legs, glutes, and abdominal areas. 
     The exercise device  2700 , in some embodiments, may include a monitor screen (not shown) that may allow the person to know how many crunches the person takes per minute, how much calories were burned, how long the person has been on the device, etc. The person may be able to track and scan each category on the monitor. The exercise device  2700 , in some embodiments, may include, behind the headrest  2702 , an extended iron/steel/metal frame pole (not shown), that may allow the person to place weight(s) behind the headrest  2702  to enhance the level of the exercise difficultly. Adding the weights may allow building more strength in the muscles of the abdominal area. In some embodiments, the footrest  2777  may be designed with two horizontal iron/steel/metal frame bars (not shown). The two horizontal frame bars may be located such that one horizontal frame is above the other, allowing the person to place the foot on the higher and/or the lower horizontal frame. 
       FIG.  28    is a top perspective showing an example embodiment of a full body exercise device with a leg workout device attached and elastic bands that provide a teeter-totter action, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  28   , the exercise device  2800  may include the foam cushion seat  2805  that may be covered with synthetic leather, and/or breathable, sweatproof wicking fabric. The exercise device  2800  may include the handlebar frame  2810  that is partially located underneath the seat  2805 . The exercise device  2800  may include the connectors  2811  and  2812  on each side of the device for connecting elastic bands  2830 . 
     The handlebars  2810  may include a spring swivel mechanism  2820 . The spring swivel mechanism  2820  may allow a portion  2813  of the handlebars  2810  to fold in and out. The folding in and out of the portion  2813  of the handlebar frame  2810  may allow a person to work out the arm muscles. By attaching the elastic bands  2830  to the handlebar frame  2810  (e.g., to the connectors  2811  and  2812 ), and pushing down on the foldable portion  2813  of the handlebar frame  2810 , the resistance of the elastic bands  2830  that is connected to the handlebar frame  2810  creates a spring-like effect. The contraction caused by the elasticity of the elastic bands  2830  forces the handlebar frame  2810  to bounce back up in its original position. 
     In an exemplary exercise called dips, a person may sit on the seat  2805 , position the hands on the handlebar frame  2810 , slightly bend the elbow, and apply downward pressure on the handlebar frame  2810 , which forces the handlebar frame  2810  to fold in. The person may then slowly release the pressure, allowing the handlebar frame  2810  to go back in its original position. By repeating this up and down motion with the arms, the elastic band  2830  may contract the muscles in the arms, shoulders, and trapezoid areas. The person may attach more than one elastic band between the pair of connectors  2811  and  2812  on each side of the exercise device  2800  to create more resistance and enhance the strength level. 
     The exercise device  2800  may include a bottom vertical frame bar  2825 , which may be adjusted in length (e.g., by the push in buttons  2844 ). Adjusting the length of the bottom vertical frame bar  2825  may allow the device to fit the height of a person. The vertical frame bar  2825  may be attached underneath the seat  2805  by a screw and/or push in button mechanism (not shown). The middle horizontal frame  2837  may be connected to the bottom vertical frame bar  2825 . At each end of the middle horizontal frame  2837 , there may be a rubber cover to cover the iron/steel/metal frame and act as a holding grip against the floor. 
     The exercise device  2800  may include the front horizontal leg frame  2840 . At each end of the front horizontal leg frame  2840  there may be a rubber/plastic cover  2877  to cover the iron/steel/metal frame and act as a holding grip against the floor. On top of each end of the front horizontal leg frame  2840  there may be a connector  2845  to connect elastic bands  2847 . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  28   , the hydraulic pump cylinders  2850  may be connected to the front horizontal frame  2840  and underneath the foot pedals  2855 . Since  FIG.  28    shows a perspective view, one of the hydraulic pump cylinders  2850  and one of several other pairs of components described below may be hidden by other components of the exercise device. 
     The foot pedals  2855  may have two side edges that keep the foot in the pedals, and not allowing the foot to slip out. The foot pedals  2855  may have foam cushioning and/or memory foam cushioning, covered in breathable, sweatproof wicking fabric. The foam allows a person to have support to the bottom of the feet, if they use the device without shoes. As the person sits down on the exercise device  2800 , rocking back and forth, working out the abs, simultaneously the person is able to work out the legs and arms. 
     The diagonal iron/steel/metal frames  2860  that are connected to the foot pedals  2855  allow the pedals  2855  to move up and down. The hydraulic pump cylinders  2850  may create resistance as the person pushes down with each foot on the pedals. As the person steps on one pedal  2855  and applies downward pressure, the pedal  2855  goes down, as the person releases pressure, the pedal  2855  slowly comes back up. The person may then apply the same downward pressure to the other pedal  2855 . Stepping down, one foot after another on each pedal  2855 , the person may contract the muscles in the legs, glutes, and abdominal areas. 
     The exercise device  2800  may include a monitor screen  2863  that may allow the person to know how many steps were taken per minute, how much calories were burned, and how long the device has been used. The person may be able track and scan each category on the monitor. 
     The exercise device  2800  may include the back end horizontal leg frame bar  2870  that is attached to the back vertical frame  2848 , which may include a set of connectors  2849 . The back vertical frame  2848  may be attached under the seat  2805 . At each end of the back end horizontal leg frame bar  2870  there may be a rubber/plastic cover  2876  that allows the leg frame  2870  to grip against the floor. The ergonomic foam cushion rolls  2871  may support the lower back. The ergonomic foam cushion rolls  2872  may support the mid-back area. The ergonomic foam cushion rolls  2873  may support the upper back area. The ergonomic foam cushion rolls  2874  may support the neck and head areas. The foam cushion rolls  2871 - 2874  may be connected through a corresponding horizontal pipe frame  2841 - 2843  and  2880  to the top vertical frame bar  2835 . 
     The top vertical frame bar  2835  is shown in  FIG.  28    in a diagonal position because the frame is able to move backwards due to a spring mechanism (not shown). The spring mechanism may create resistance and may be located on the middle or lower part of the vertical frame bar  2835 . The spring mechanism may be located behind or on the side of the vertical frame bar  2835 ) and attached to the lower horizontal frame  2870 . 
     The spring mechanism may have several different resistance levels such as light weight, medium weight, and heavy weight. As the person applies pressure by leaning back on the vertical frame bar  2835 , the vertical frame bar  2835  may tilt back. The spring mechanism may allow the vertical frame bar  2835  to bounce back up as the person leans forward, by reducing the pressure off of the vertical frame bar  2835 . The vertical frame bar  2835 , in some embodiments, may be made of, for example, and without limitations, plastic and/or rubber to allow the vertical frame bar  2835  to bend when pressure is applied. 
     The horizontal frame bar  2882  may be connected to the top of the vertical frame bar  2835  by a push in button and/or a screw (not shown). Each end of the horizontal frame bar  2882  may curve into a handlebar  2883 . The handlebars  2883  may be covered with breathable sweatproof wicking fabric, rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl to provide a firm grip around the handles. A person may grab the handlebars  2883  while performing the ab crunches. 
     The horizontal frame bar  2880  that connects to the foam cushion  2874  may include the connectors  2881  for attaching elastic bands. The connectors  2884  may be located on each side of the top horizontal frame bar  2882  for connecting elastic bands. The elastic bands connected to the connectors  2881  and/or  2884  may be used to create a teeter-totter effect. As any other ab roller exercise devices of the present embodiments, the connectors of the exercise device  2800  may be any of the connectors described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 1 E , including holes made in the frame of the exercise device  2800 . 
     As the person sits down on the seat  2805  and leans back on the foam cushions  2871 - 2874  that support the back, neck, and head area, the person may have the foot connected to (e.g., placed in the loops and/or straps/braces  2885 ) the elastic band(s)  2890  that may be attached to the connectors  2884 . The elastic band(s)  2890  may be stretched down in order to place the foot into the loop and/or strap/brace  2885 . While the person leans back, the spring mechanism may allow the vertical frame bar  2835  to go down. The further the vertical frame bar  2835  goes down towards the floor, the greater the stretch may be to abdominal area. The person may have the knee bended in towards the chest and/or facing vertically up in the air as the person is going down. If the person has the legs bent in, the person may push out the legs, straightening out the legs, forcing the person back up. 
     Since the person has the feet connected to the elastic band(s)  2890  that is/are attached to the horizontal frame bar  2882  (which is in turn attached to the vertical frame bar  2835  that the person is leaning on), if the person has the legs in a vertical position, the person may slowly bring down the legs, without bending the knees, forcing the person to come back up. Repeating these motions creates the teeter-tooter effect. A similar teeter-tooter effect may be created if the elastic band(s)  2890  is/are connected to the connectors  2881 . Similar to the other devices described herein, the teeter-totter effect of the device with the elastic band(s), without the use hands, allows the person to create contraction in the abdominal area, resulting in strengthening of the abdominal area. 
     Since the person has the feet connected to the elastic band(s)  2890 , if the person places the legs back up in vertical position, straight up, the person may force the device to go back down. By straightening out the legs and bending the knees back towards the chest, the person creates a teeter-totter effect with the exercise device  2800 . 
     Some embodiments may include an adjustment lever (not shown) that allows the person to set the vertical frame  2835  to several different levels, vertically (in straight up position), diagonal which is illustrated, flat down (a horizontal position), or slanted position (facing downward towards the ground). The exercise device  2800  may include a monitor screen  2897  that may allow the person to know how many crunches they performed per minute, how many calories were burned, how long the person was using the device, etc. The person may also be able to track and scan each category on the monitor screen  2897 . 
     In some embodiments, there may be a swivel mechanism under the seat  2805 . The person may be able to turn side to side on the seat  2805  because of swivel mechanism, allowing the person to work out oblique muscles. The person may hold the handlebar frame  2810 , crunch in the knees, and as the person turns to left, the person may straighten out the knees, not allowing the feet to touch the ground as the person turns left to right. 
     In some embodiments, the swivel mechanism may have a pin (not shown), which may be removed to allow the seat to move side to side. To lock in the seat in straight position, the person may align the seat in a straight position and push in the pin, locking in the seat to prevent the seat to move side to side. The top vertical frame bar  2835  may have opening/slots (not shown) on each side of the top vertical frame bar  2835  to allow the person to place the ends of the horizontal frame bar  2880  into the openings and be able to screw the horizontal frame bar  2880  into the both sides of the vertical frame. 
     The person may also move the neck cushion  2874  up and down on the vertical frame bar  2835  to fit the person&#39;s correct height. There may be two adjustment knobs (not shown) on the back side of the vertical frame  2835  that connects to the middle section of the horizontal frame  2880 . The two adjustment knobs (not shown) may allow the person to loosen and tighten the pressure against the vertical frame bar  2835  by turning the knob, allowing the person to adjust the horizontal frame  2880  to fit the person&#39;s height in order to lay the head on the foam cushion  2874 . The foam cushions  2871 - 2874  may be covered with breathable sweatproof wicking fabric, and/or synthetic leather. The top vertical frame bar  2835 , in some embodiments, may move up or down in a range of 100 to 180 degrees rotation. 
       FIGS.  29 - 32    are top perspectives showing example full body exercise devices with elastic bands that provide a teeter-totter action without the use of hands, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In the exercise device  2900  of  FIG.  29   , the foot pedals  2955  are in a substantially vertical position, facing a person that may be seated on the seat  2805 . 
     With reference to  FIG.  30   , the exercise device  3000  may include a flat foam cushion board  3071  instead of the foam rolls  2871 - 2874  of  FIGS.  28 - 29   . The foam cushion board  3071  may be covered with breathable sweatproof wicking fabric, and/or synthetic leather. The flat foam cushion board  3071  may be incorporated on the exercise devices  2800  of  FIG.  28 ,  2900    of  FIG.  29 , and  3200    of  FIG.  32   . Conversely, the foam rolls  2871 - 2874  of  FIGS.  28 - 29    may be incorporated in the exercise devices  3000  of  FIGS.  30  and  3100    of  FIG.  31   . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  30   , the lower part of the exercise device  3000  may include a flat iron/steel/metal foot plate  3055 , which may be attached to the hydraulic cylinder pumps  2850 . The iron/steel/metal foot plate  3055  may be covered with two rubber sheet tapes, that may give the person grip support for the feet as the person places the feet onto the plate  3055 . The foot plate  3055  may, in some embodiments, include a layer of memory foam covered in wicking fabric. The memory foam cover may allow the person to place the feet on the foot plate  3055  without shoes, preventing the sole of the feet from pain and discomfort while working out. 
     The person may press down on the foot plate  3055  with both feet at the same time. The person may also choose to work out one leg at time, by pressing down on the foot plate  3055  with one leg. The foot plate  3055  may be used in the exercise device  2800  instead of the foot pedals  2855  or in the exercise device  2900  instead of the foot pedals  2955 . The exercise device  3000  may allow the person to perform abdominal crunches, as described above with reference to the exercise device  2800  of  FIG.  28   , and simultaneously workout the leg muscles. 
     With reference to  FIG.  31   , the back support is illustrated with the flat board cushion support  3071 , similar to the flat board cushion support  3071  of  FIG.  30   . In  FIG.  31   , instead of having the person pressing down on legs pedals and/or a foot plate that are attached to a hydraulic cylinder pump system, the person may apply pressure on one or more elastic bands  3105 . 
     The two vertical iron/steel/metal frame sections  3110  may be connected to the front horizontal frame section  3130 . The vertical frame sections  3110  may be adjusted on the horizontal frame section  3130 , allowing the person to move the vertical frame sections  3110  (e.g., along the rails/slots  3160 ) to be closer together and/or further apart from each other. By positioning the vertical frame sections  3110  further apart from each other, the person may have a wider foot stance. While the person applies pressure with the feet on the elastic band(s)  3105 , a wide foot stance may focus on contracting the outer muscles of the leg and glutes. By positioning the vertical frames  3110  closer to each other, the person may have a close foot stance while working out. When the person applies pressure with the feet on the elastic band(s)  3105 , a close foot stance may focus the inner legs and glutes. 
     There may be one or more connectors  3170 - 3171  on each vertical frame section  3110  for connecting one or more elastic bands  3105  onto each side of the vertical frames  3110 . The full body exercise device  3100  may include the railings  125  that may allow the position of some of the connectors (e.g., the connectors  3171 ) to be adjusted up and down the vertical frames  3110 . 
     A person may perform a leg squat by sitting down on the exercise device  3100 , and bending in the knees while pressing down with one or both foot on the elastic band(s)  3105 . Pressing down on the elastic band(s)  3105  and releasing the pressure off the elastic band(s)  3105  and then reapplying pressure on the elastic band(s)  3105 , may contract the elasticity of the band(s) resulting in contracting the legs muscles, the glutes, and abdominal muscle of the person. 
     Using the elastic band(s)  3105  instead of the hydraulic cylinder pumps  2850  of  FIGS.  28 - 30    provides several technical advantages. Using the elastic band(s) eliminates the need to maintain the hydraulic pumps  2850  and/or to fix the hydraulic pumps  2850  in case the hydraulic pumps break down. Since the elastic band(s)  3105  create(s) resistance and contraction to the muscles in the thighs, calves, glutes and abdominal area by applying downward pressure and releasing pressure off the elastic band(s), the person may achieve the same results using the elastic band(s) as if the person was using the hydraulic cylinder pumps, but without the concern of the cylinder pumps malfunctioning. 
     In addition, the person may be able to utilize the elastic band(s)  3105  in performing abdominal exercises. For example, instead of stepping onto the elastic band(s)  3105 , the person may hook the top of the foot against the elastic band(s)  3105 , and as the person has the knees bent in, the person may crunch in the knees towards the chest while the elastic band(s)  3105  is/are hooked against the foot. The person may then keep the knees bent in, towards the chest area and may apply upward pressure against the elastic band(s)  3105 . The person may then slowly release the tension off of the elastic band(s)  3105  by moving the legs down. By repeating this motion back and forth, the person may perform abdominal crunches. 
     Another advantage of using the elastic band(s)  3105  instead of the hydraulic cylinder pumps  2850  is that the person may attach different number of elastic bands and/or elastic loop bands with different resistance level to fit the level of workout. Furthermore, since the vertical frames  3110  may be adjusted to get closer or farther from each other, the person may be able fit different lengths of elastic band(s) and/or elastic loop band(s). 
     Another advantage of the elastic band(s)  3105  is that the person may be able to perform different leg exercises. For example, the person may bend the knees and apply downward pressure to the elastic band(s)  3105  and release the pressure off of the band(s)  3105  to perform an exercise similar to squats. The wider the stance on the elastic band(s)  3105 , the more the person may be able to contract the muscles in the thigh area, quads and hamstrings, hips, glutes, lower back, and the abdominal area. A wider stance may focus more on the hip flexors. A closer stance with feet together, may focus more to strengthen the knee muscles and stability. 
     With reference to  FIG.  32   , the exercise device  3200  may include the top horizontal frame bar  3205 . As shown, the top horizontal frame bar  3205  may include two curving iron/steel/metal handlebars  3210 . At the end of each handlebar  3210 , the handle bar&#39;s piping curves into the frame. The curve may be covered with breathable, sweatproof wicking fabric, silicone, and/or vinyl, allowing the person to have better grip on the handles. The person may be able to grab onto both side of the handles when performing ab crunches, creating more pressure and contraction onto the abdominal area. 
     The top frame bar  3205  may include the swivel-like mechanism and/or push in button mechanism  3215  that may allow the handlebars  3210  to move backwards. Moving the handlebars  3210  backwards may give the person more room, in the case, the person wants to perform an exercise such as chest fly. The chest fly exercise may be performed by attaching an elastic band (not shown) to the connectors  3230  located on the horizontal bar  3235 . The chest fly exercise may also be performed by attaching an elastic band to the connectors  3240  on the horizontal frame bar  3250  that is located behind the middle back frame  2835 . The elastic bands connected to the connectors  3230  and/or the connectors  3240  may be used to create teeter-totter effect. The teeter-totter effect may be created as described above with reference to the connectors  2884  and  2881  of  FIG.  28   . The top frame bar  3205  may also include connectors (not shown) to connect elastic bands to create the teeter-totter effect. 
     The horizontal frame bar  3250  may be designed with one or two individual horizontal iron/steel/metal frame pieces. The horizontal frame bar  3250 , in some embodiments, may be foldable. The horizontal frame bar  3250  may be tucked in underneath the vertical frame bar  2835  when the person is not using it. A person may unfold the horizontal frame bar  3250 , attach elastic band(s) to the connectors  3240 , and then grab the elastic bands by hand. As the person has the elastic band(s) in the hand, the person may slightly bend the elbows in, then move the arms forward in front of the chest, and then move back down. Repeating this back and forth motion may contract the muscles in the chest area. Furthermore, the top horizontal frame bar  3205 , in some embodiments, may be detachable, allowing the top horizontal frame bar  3205  to be removed from the exercise device  3200 . The top horizontal frame bar  3205  design of  FIG.  32    may be incorporated into the exercise devices of  FIGS.  28 - 31   . 
     With reference to  FIGS.  29 - 32   , the exercise device  2900 ,  3000 ,  3100 , and  3200  may include a monitor screen (not shown) similar to the monitor screen  2897  of  FIG.  28    that may allow the person to know how many crunches they performed per minute, how many calories were burned, how long the person was using the device, etc. The person may also be able to track and scan each category on the monitor screen. 
       FIG.  33    is a functional diagram showing an example embodiment of a hammerhead abdominal crunch device with connectors and elastic bands to create a teeter-totter effect during abdominal exercises, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  33   , the exercise device  3300  may include several connectors  3301 - 3307  for connecting elastic bands. Each of the connectors  3301 - 3307  may be on one side of the exercise device  3300  and may have a counterpart connector on the other side of the exercise device. Since the figure shows a perspective view, some of the connectors are obstructed by other objects in the figure. 
     As described below, the elastic bands  3310  connected to the connectors  3304  and the foot braces  3341  may create a teeter-totter effect without the use of hands. Creating the teeter-totter effect by using the feet instead of hands provides the technical advantage of freeing the hands to grab elastic bands (not shown) connected to the connectors  3301 - 3303  and  3305 - 3307  and exercise different muscle areas simultaneous to exercising the abdominal area muscles. 
     With reference to  FIG.  33   , the elastic bands  3310  may be connected to the connectors  3304  that are located at the of the handle bars  3330 . As shown, the person  3340  has attached the end of the elastic bands  3310  to the feet (e.g., connected to the foot braces  3341 ). The person may have the knees close the chest, then move the legs towards the ground. Applying pressure towards the ground while having the elastic bands  3310  attached to the handlebars  3330  and to the foot braces  3341 , results the back  3350  of the exercise device  3300  to move forward. 
     With the elastic bands  3310  connected to the connectors  3304  and to the foot braces  3341 , when the person moves the knees back up and/or reduces forward motion with the legs and/or hands, the back  3350  of the exercise device  3300  may move backward. Repeating the down and up motion of the knees/legs towards the ground and back to the chest creates a teeter-totter effect without the need to use the hands to pull (or push) on the handlebars  3330 . For additional help, the person may optionally grab the handle bars  3330 , as illustrated, in helping the person in performing the hammerhead abdominal crunch. By using the bands  3310 , the person may work out the muscles in the abs, legs, and glutes areas all at the same time. The person may also add weights  3355  to a metal/iron/steel pole located in the back of the exercise device  3300 . 
       FIG.  34    is a perspective view showing the exercise device of  FIG.  33    with a weight mechanism attached to the device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  34   , the exercise device  3400  may include a weight mechanism  3420  to provide additional weights for the device. As shown, the exercise device  3400  may include several connectors  3401 - 3405  for connecting elastic bands to create teeter-totter effect and/or to exercise multiple muscle groups at the same time. 
     For example, a person performing exercise may add elastic bands to the connectors  3405  that are located on the leg  3415  of the exercise device  3400  to simultaneously work out the arm muscles, as the person works out the ab muscles. The person may connect elastic band(s) to the connectors  3405  and grab the elastic bands. The person may then curl the arms up towards the chest and then slowly back down. 
     The person may also work out the chest muscles, by attaching elastic band(s) to the connectors  3403  that are located on the vertical frame  3410  of the exercise device  3400 . The person may grab the elastic band, having the elbows slightly bent. The person may then pull the elastic band towards the front of the chest. The person may then slowly release tension off of the bands by moving the elastic bands away from the chest. By moving the elastic band, back and forth with the hands, the person may contract the muscles in the chest area while simultaneously the working out the abs. Adding the connectors to the hammerhead abdominal crunch exercise device provides the technical advantage of enabling a person to exercise chest, leg, and arm muscles simultaneously with exercising the abdominal muscles. Similar to other exercise devices of the present embodiments, the connectors allow attaching elastic bands to create the teeter-totter effect for doing abdominal crunches without the use of the hands. The hands may be used to perform other exercises simultaneous with the abdominal crunches or the hands may rest during the use of the exercise device  3400 , by operating the exercise device  3400  with the feet. The exercise devices  3300  and  3400  may include armrest padding  3395  for resting the elbows during an exercise. 
     In some of the present embodiments, the exercise device may include one or more band winders to wind and unwind the elastic band(s).  FIG.  35    is a front elevation view of a full body exercise device with one or more retractable band winders, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  36    is a front elevation view of a portion of the full body exercise device of  FIG.  35   , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  35 - 36   , the full body exercise device  100  may include similar components as the full body exercise device  100  of  FIGS.  1 A- 6  and  8 - 18   . In addition, the full body exercise device  100  of  FIGS.  35 - 36    may include one or more pairs of retractable bands  3521 . The exercise device  100  may also include the band retractor(s) (or band winder(s))  3530  that may be built-in within the bottom frame section  101 . For example, and without limitations, the band retractor(s)  3530 , in some embodiments, may be located beneath or behind the headrest  150 . The headrest  150  and the band retractor(s)  3530 , in some embodiments, may be attached to the bottom frame section  101 . Each band retractor  3530  may be a spring loaded band retractor that retracts an elastic band  3521  and/or a cable wire. Each band retractor  3530  may be used to retract (or wind) a corresponding elastic band  3521  and/or cable wire. Alternatively, some embodiments may include one retractable band retractor  3530  to retract more than one elastic bands  3521  and/or cable wires. The elastic band(s)  3521 , in some of the present embodiments, may be tubular to facilitate winding and unwinding of the elastic bands. 
     In some embodiments, the bands  3521  may be non-elastic bands. For example, in some embodiments, cable wire(s) may be used to connect the strap/brace  120 . In these embodiments, the non-elastic bands  3521  may be made, for example, and without limitations, from metal (e.g., steel). In these embodiments, the teeter-totter effect may be created by a spring mechanism in the retractor(s)  3530  (e.g., the retractor(s)  3530  may be spring loaded). When a person pulls on the non-elastic band  3521  with the feet, the spring mechanism pulls back on the non-elastic band, creating the teeter-totter effect when the person has the feet in the strap/brace  120  of the exercise device  100 . Furthermore, the spring loaded band retractors may be used to create resistance when the person pulls the non-elastic bands. The non-elastic bands may, therefore, be used to exercise similar muscle areas as described herein with reference to the elastic bands. 
     Some embodiments may include a combination of elastic and non-elastic bands. For example, one or more pairs of bands (with one band of each pair on one side of the exercise device and the other band of the pair on the opposite side of the exercise device) may be elastic and one or more pairs of bands may be non-elastic. 
     In some embodiments, the exercise device  100  of  FIGS.  35 - 36    may include one or more connectors such as the connectors  110 - 119  of  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  and/or one or more connectors such as the connectors  171 - 180  of  FIG.  1 D  for connecting additional elastic bands to the exercise device  100  (e.g., in addition to the elastic and/or non-elastic bands  3521 ). In other embodiments, an exercise device that includes band retractors (e.g., the band retractors  3530  of the exercise device  100  of  FIGS.  35 - 36   ), may not include the connectors  110 - 119  and  171 - 180 . In these embodiments, the teeter-totter effect may be created by using the elastic and/or non-elastic bands  3530  (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 18   ). 
     The bottom, top, and middle frame sections  101 - 103  may be hallow and the elastic and/or non-elastic band(s)  3521  may go from the corresponding retractor(s)  3530 , through the hollow interior of the frame sections  101 - 103 , and may come out of the slots (or openings)  3540  on the top frame section  102 . The embodiment depicted in  FIGS.  35 - 36    shows a total of six slots  3540 . Three slots on the right side of the top frame section  102  (in the pictured orientation) and three slots on the left side of the top frame section  102  for the elastic bands to come out. In other embodiments, the exercise device  100  may include more than six slots or less than six slots to accommodate a corresponding number of elastic bands  3521 . 
     The elastic and/or non-elastic band(s) in each pair of slots  3540  on the left and right sides of the top frame section  102  may have a different level of weight resistance. For example, the exercise device  100  in  FIGS.  35 - 36    may include elastic bands with three weights: light weight, medium weight, and heavy weight. Different types of resistant bands are described further below. 
     The ends  3550  of the elastic bands that come out of the slots  3540  may include loops such as webbing loops, snap hooks, shock (bungee) cord hooks, and/or hook/loop fasteners. The webbing loops may be designed to be elastic and/or non-elastic and may be covered with rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl. Each webbing loop may be used to connect a snap hook  3555  or other hooking elements to connect the elastic band  3521  to a foot strap/brace (e.g., the strap/brace  120 ). In some embodiments of the ends  3550  of the elastic band  3521 , a plastic and/or rubber taping may be placed around the webbing loops, snap hooks, shock (bungee) cord hooks, and/or hook/loop fasteners to attach the loop(s) to the elastic band  3521 . 
     In some of the present embodiments, the exercise device  100  with the snap hook  3555  may be connected to the elastic band  3521 , and/or the snap hook  3555  may connect to the webbing loop  3550 . The attachment of a snap hook  3555  to the end of the elastic band  3521  may eliminate the process of finding a snap hook and attaching the snap hook to the ends  3550  of the elastic band  3521 . 
     The exercise device  100  may include the push in button(s)  3570  to allow a person to press the button(s)  3570  to retract the band that the person has used. In response to pressing a button  3570 , the corresponding elastic band  3521  goes into its original position, back to the opening of the slot  3540  located on the top of the frame section  102 . Some embodiments of the exercise device  100  of  FIG.  35    may include only one push in button  3570  to retract multiple elastic bands  3521 . 
     Some embodiments may not include the push in button(s)  3570 . Some of these embodiments may include a spring loaded band retractor that winds a band around a spool (similar to a vacuum cleaner&#39;s cord retractor). In some of these embodiments, the elastic band(s)  3521  may be retracted by pulling twice on the bands. 
     For simplicity,  FIG.  35    only shows one foot brace  120 . As shown in  FIG.  36   , another foot brace  120  may be connected to another elastic band  3521  (for example another elastic band with the same level of resistance) on the left side of the top frame section  102  (in the pictured orientation). The exercise device  100  may be used in a similar way as the exercise device  100  described above with reference to  FIGS.  1 A- 6  and  8 - 18   . 
     The exercise device  100 , in some embodiments, may include the push in button(s)  3560  and/or screws located on the left and right side of the bottom frame section  101 , next to the headrest  150  to provide access to the band retractor(s)  3530  in case a person needs to fix the alignment of the bands inside the housing box (not shown) where the retractable mechanism  3530  is located. The exercise device  100 , in some embodiments, may include a mechanism other than the button and/or screws  3560  for connecting and accessing the retractable band system. 
     During the workout, a person may select which level of resistant band the person would like to use. Once the person selects the weight level of the band, the person may then attach a snap hook  3555  and/or any loop/hooking like mechanism (e.g., a snap hook or a shock (bungee) cord hook) to the webbing loop  3550 . The snap hook  3555  allows the person to connect a foot strap/brace  120  to the elastic band  3521 . The person may select a foot strap/brace of the person&#39;s choice and change the foot strap/brace  120  to suit the person&#39;s preference. The person may then place the feet inside the foot straps/braces  120  and begin performing a teeter-totter without using the hands to perform an abdominal and leg workout, as described above with reference to  FIG.  2   . 
     Although the push in buttons  3570  in  FIGS.  35 - 36    are located on the top of the top frame section  102 , the push in button mechanism  3570  may be placed anywhere on the frame of the exercise device  100 . The push in mechanism, in some embodiments, may include a lock that may allow the user to lock in and secure the length of the band, thereby allowing the user to choose how long the user wants to extend the elastic band  3521  out of the corresponding slot  3540 . Adjusting the length of the band and locking the length of the band provide the advantage of allowing the user to target and concentrate in working out different parts of abdominal and leg muscles. 
     In some embodiments, the function of retracting and locking in the elastic band(s)  3521  may be replaced by another retracting mechanism that allows the user to have a similar type of control for adjusting the length of the band and at the same time, be able to retract the band into its original position. For example, the retractable band system  3530  of some embodiments may allow the user to tug on the band once to extend the length, and tug on the band twice to retract the band in its original position. 
     It should be noted that any of the full body exercise devices of the present embodiments may include the retractable band system of  FIGS.  35 - 36   . For example, the full body exercise devices illustrated in  FIGS.  1 A- 6 ,  8 - 34    may include one or more band retractors  3530 , one or more slots (or openings)  3540 , one or more push in buttons  3560 , one or more push in button(s)  3570 , etc., for winding and unwinding of elastic and non-elastic bands. In some of these embodiments (e.g., the embodiments that do not include a top frame section), the slots (or openings)  3540  may be on the middle frame section  103  of the exercise device. 
       FIG.  37    is a side elevation view of the headrest  150  of a full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  37   , the headrest  150 , in some embodiments, may include a head cushion  152 . The headrest  150 , in some embodiments, may include a shapeable material such as padded memory foam  3710 . In addition to, or in lieu of, memory foam, the headrest  150 , in some embodiments, may include a shapeable material such as gel. The headrest  150 , in some embodiments, may be an ergonomic contouring headrest that may move with the motion of the device. During an exercise, the padded memory foam  3710  may contour and hug the head of a person, as well as the lower and higher part of the neck area. In some embodiments, the head cushion  152  may be covered by material such as, for example, and without limitations, leather, fabric, wicking fabric etc. 
     The headrest  150  may include an adjustable spring lock  155  that may allow the headrest  150  to move up and down with the pressure of the neck and head during exercise. In some embodiments, the head cushion  152  may include a frame (not shown) to connect the head cushion  152  to the adjustable spring lock  155 . The headrest, in some embodiments, may be attachable to and detachable from the adjustable spring lock  155 . The bottom section  3785  of the adjustable spring lock  155  may be connected to the lower frame section  101  of the exercise device by the bolt screws  3720  (only one bolt screw is shown in the side view of  FIG.  37   ). 
     The adjustable spring lock  155  may allow the headrest  150  to move up and down and lock the headrest to its location on the top section  3780  of the adjustable spring lock  155  by the turning the knob  3705  (or push button) located underneath the headrest  150 . The adjustable spring lock  155  may also be located on the back, the side, and/or in the front underneath the headrest area. Instead of a knob  3705  (or a push button), the adjustable spring lock  155 , in some embodiments, may include a single lever or button that may be pushed in or pulled out, in order to lock or unlock the location of the headrest  150  on the top section  3780  of the adjustable spring lock  155 . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  37   , the headrest  150  may include a slider  3710  that may fit over the top section  3780  of the adjustable spring lock  155 , which may allow adjusting the position of the headrest  150 . Tightening of the knob  3705  may securely hold the headrest  150  in place from not sliding on the top section  3780  of the adjustable spring lock  155 . The slider  3710  may be adjusted at any desired location on the top section  3780  of the adjustable spring lock  155  where the headrest  150  is placed, allowing the person to adjust the headrest  150  to the length of the person&#39;s desire. 
     Instead of the slider  3710  and the knob  3705 , the adjustable spring lock  155 , in some embodiments, may include a group of slots/holes (not shown) and the headrest  150  may include a push button mechanism (not shown) that latches onto the slots/holes (not shown). The push button and the slots/holes may allow the adjustable spring lock  155  to be retractable, allowing the user to adjust the headrest forward or backward, select a slot of their choice, and secure the placement of the headrest  150 . 
     The adjustable spring lock  155  provides the technical advantage of allowing the headrest  150  to move up and down as the exercise device moves forward and back down to the ground, thereby preventing the edges of the headrest to scrap the back of the user&#39;s neck. The adjustable spring lock  155  may provide the following benefits. The adjustable spring lock  155  may support the neck by providing better usage of the headrest  150  for different sizes of users, where the user may adjust the headrest  150  to fit to the person&#39;s liking. The slider  3710  provides the technical advantage of allowing the position of the headrest  150  to be adjusted on the adjustable spring lock  155  of the exercise device  100 . 
       FIG.  38    is a front elevation view of a 360-degree rotating phone holder with a push in button mechanism that laches into the top frame section of the full body exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  38   , the phone holder  160  may have a C shape and may be placed on the right side or the left side of the top frame section  102  (in the pictured orientation) of the exercise device  100 . In the example of  FIG.  38   , the phone holder  160  is placed on the right side  3805  of the top frame section  102 . The right side  3805  of the top frame section  102  may connect to the left side  3810  by sliding the right side of  3805  into the left side  3810  of the top frame section  102  (or vice versa). The push down button  3815  may latch to the slot(s)/opening(s)  3820 . 
     With reference to  FIG.  38   , a person may slide a phone through the open area  3830  of the phone holder  160 . The phone holder  160  may include a spring mechanism  3882  that may allow the phone holder  160  to open and close. As shown by the arrow  3811 , the top portion  3881  of the phone holder may open up (and/or down) to place a phone in the phone holder  160 . As shown by the arrow  3812 , the phone holder may close after a phone is placed in or removed from the phone holder  160 . The phone holder  160  may include the rubber grooves  3835  located inside of the top  3881  and bottom  3883  portions of the phone holder  160 . The rubber grooves  3835  may also be located on the inside corner  3886  of the phone holder  160 . The rubber grooves  3835  may provide a tight grip around the phone, in order to secure the phone when the phone is placed inside of the phone holder  160 . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  38   , the phone holder  160  may include a shaft/leg  3840 . A rolling ball  3841  may allow a phone placed in the phone holder  160  to be tilted to or rotated in any direction forward or backward (e.g., to rotate in 360 degrees in a vertical plane), aligning the phone to comfort of the user. For example, in some of the present embodiments, the phone holder  160  may be rotated in 360 degrees around the rolling ball  3841 . The phone holder  160  may have a locking mechanism (not shown) to tighten the phone holder  160  to the shaft  3840  once the phone holder is rotated to a desired angle. 
     The push in button  3860 , which is located on the bottom of the shaft  3840 , may latch (as shown by the arrow  3816 ) into the slot/opening  3865  that is located on the right side  3805  of the top frame section  102 . The slot/opening  3865 , in some embodiments, may be located on the left side  3810  of the top frame section  102 . The push in button  3860  and the slot/opening  3865  may allow the phone holder  160  to be attached to the top frame section  102 . Some embodiments may include several slot/opening  3865  on the top frame section  102  of the exercise device to allow a person to select where to attach the phone holder  160 . The push in button  3860  may include a release button  3862 . 
     The height of the shaft/leg  3840 , in some embodiments, may be adjustable (as shown by the arrows  3813  and  3814 ). For example, in some embodiments, the shaft/leg  3840  may have several separate sections (not shown). Some of the sections may be made hollow to make the sections to be telescopically slidable within each other. The inner diameter of a first section may be substantially similar to the outer diameter of a second, adjacent, section such that second section may telescopically be slid within the first section. The shaft/leg  3840  may include a spring loaded lock  3850  to hold or release a section that is slid into an adjacent section. 
     The phone holder  160 , in some embodiments, may include a charger (not shown) to charge a phone once the user places the phone inside the phone holder. For example, the exercise devices disclosed herein may include a rechargeable battery, which may be used to recharge the phones. The rechargeable battery may provide an indication (e.g., a light emitting diode (LED) or similar visual indication) that the battery may need to be recharged. A user may then connect the rechargeable battery to a separately provided charger to recharge it. 
     Once the user places the phone inside the phone holder  160 , the person may be able to watch a digital coach on the phone while working out to track the progress, including how many calories were burned, how many sits up, and legs exercises were completed. The phone holder  160 , in some embodiments, may automatically recognize when a phone is placed on and taken off. In some embodiments, once a phone is placed inside the phone holder, the phone may automatically get charged. 
     II. Elastic Exercise Bands with Foot or Hand Straps 
     Some embodiments provide different designs of straps that may be connected to an elastic band. The straps may be used around a foot and/or around a hand. As indicated in Section I, above, the terms strap and brace are interchangeably used in this specification when referred to a device that may be worn on a foot and/or on a hand. All straps/braces of the present embodiments may be connected to an ab roller exercise device or may be used independently without an ab roller device. Several examples of using the straps/braces of the present embodiments without an ab roller device are provided below. 
       FIG.  39    is the top perspective view of a strap/brace  3900  with a fastening buckle strap that goes through a handlebar, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  40    is the top perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIG.  39   , with the handlebar wrapped around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     The strap/brace  3900  may be used around a foot (as shown in  FIG.  40   ) or around a hand (not shown). The strap/brace  3900  may be used with an elastic band  3960 , with an ab roller device (e.g., and without limitations, as shown by item  120  in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B,  1 D, and  2 - 4   ). The strap/brace  3900  may also be used with the elastic band  3960  without an ab roller device. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  39 - 40   , the strap/brace  3900  may include a soft cover  3905  made from wicking fabric. The wicking fabric may draw moisture away from the body and may be made, for example, and without limitations, from neoprene fabric, polyester fabric, microfiber fabric, and/or microfiber polyester fabric. The wicking fabric may absorb sweat and may provide a tight comfort support around the foot and/or the hand. The wicking fabric may protect the skin of a user from the hard edges of the elements that are incorporated within the strap/brace. Examples of such elements may include the grommet/eyelet  3910 , the fastening buckle  3915 , the snap hook  4120  (shown in  FIG.  41 A ), as well the hard edges of the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop strap  4190  (shown in  FIG.  41 E ). 
       FIG.  41 A  is a front elevation view of a snap hook, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the snap hook  4125  may be covered with wicking fabric (e.g., microfiber polyester fabric) and/or foam  4120  for cushioning.  FIG.  41 B  is a front perspective view of a soft cover for the buckle of a strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The soft cover  4130  may be used to cover the buckle  3915  of FIGS.  39 - 40 . The soft cover  4130  may be made, for example and without limitations, from wicking fabric and may be detachable from the buckle  3915  to allow a user to cover other buckles the user may own. Alternatively, the soft cover  4130  may be attached and/or (sewed in) permanently to the strap/brace  3900 . 
     The hooks and the buckles of the prior art are not covered by protective fabric or foam. Covering the snap hook  4125  and the buckle  3915  by protective fabric and/or foam provides the technical advantage of protecting the user&#39;s skin. With further reference to  FIGS.  39  and  40   , the strap/brace  3900  may include a second fabric  3940  made from elastic and/or nonelastic webbing material. With reference to  FIG.  39   , at least a portion of the second fabric may have hook-and-loop fasteners  3965  on one side and may be covered by the wicking fabric  3905  on the other side. At least a portion of the second fabric  3940  may not have hook-and-loop fasteners behind it and may only be covered by the wicking fabric  3905 . 
     As shown, one end of the strap/brace  3900  may be connected to the buckle  3915 . In the example of  FIG.  39   , the buckle includes three loops to allow a person to not only fasten the strap/brace  3900  through the first and second loops, but also tighten the strap/brace  3900  for more security by placing the end of the strap/brace  3900  through the third loop to secure the strap/brace  3900  from untying. In other embodiments, the buckle  3915  may include any different number of one or more loops. The buckle  3915  may be made of material such as, for example and without limitations, plastic, steel, and/or other types of metal. 
     Examples of different type of buckles that may be used by the straps/braces of the present embodiments may include, for example, and without limitations, double 3 bar slide belt buckle, double D ring belt buckle, double O ring belt, side release belt buckle, sports belt buckle, single adjust side release buckle, double adjust side release buckle, metal/plastic hybrid side release buckle, split release buckle, single adjust whistle side release buckle, reflective side release buckle, heavy duty single adjust side release buckle, plastic 3-way side release buckle, adjust lock side release, center release buckle, plastic side release buckles, cam buckles, strap adjusters, plastic sternum strap adjuster, cast flat metal slide, rounded metal slides, metal reducing loops, metal strap adjuster, etc. Any of these types of buckles may be used in other strap/braces of the present embodiments that are described as including buckles. 
     In some embodiments, an elastic band  3960  may include the eyelet or grommet  3910 , which may be made of, for example, and without limitations, metal and/or rubber. In the example of  FIGS.  39 - 40   , the elastic resistance band  3960  is placed directly through the eyelet or grommet  3910  without a snap hook, resulting the elastic band to permanently latch on and be attached to the strap/brace  3900 . Alternatively, the eyelet or grommet  3910  may be connected to a snap hook (e.g., made of steel or plastic), such as the snap hook  4125  of  FIG.  41 A . 
     In some embodiments, the snap hook  4125  may connect to an elastic resistance band through a grommet and/or an elastic or non-elastic loop webbing strap. The end of the elastic band  3960  may include a webbing loop  4190  (shown in  FIG.  41 E ) that may connect into the snap hook  4125  and be attached to eyelet or grommet  3910  of the strap/brace  3900 . Attaching the snap hook  4125  through the eyelet or grommet may allow a person to connect different straps/braces to an elastic band. Furthermore, the person may able to connect more than one elastic band, with the ends made with webbing loops, by connecting the webbing loops into the snap hook  4125 . 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  39 - 40   , the hook-and-loop fasteners  3965  (which may be made of elastic and/nonelastic webbing material) may cover a portion of the strap/brace  3900 . The strap/brace  3900  may include a handlebar  3970 , which may be covered by soft material such as, for example, and without limitations, foam and/or rubber  3975 . The handlebar  3970  may be made of, for example, and without limitation, plastic or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The handlebar  3970  and the soft cover (e.g., foam and/or rubber)  3975  provide the technical advantage of allowing a user to grab the handlebar  3970  by hand, allowing a comfortable grip, and enabling the user to perform arm, chest, and/or shoulder exercises. 
     As shown, a portion of the handlebar  3970  may go through the core of the cover  3975 . As shown in  FIG.  40   , the handlebar  3970 , covered with the foam and/or rubber  3975 , may provide an extra exercise benefit by placing the strap/brace  3900  beneath a foot while standing up on the core handlebar  3975 . The user may roll the handlebar  3970  on the floor and against the bottom of the foot  3990 . For example, a handlebar  3970  made of hard plastic and covered by the foam and/or rubber padding  3975  may give the user the ability to relieve discomfort and ease pain associated with plantar fasciitis while performing the rolling motion of the handlebar  3970  on the floor against the feet. 
     During operation, the end  3995  of the strap/brace  3900  may be placed through the fastening buckle  3915 , allowing the user to tighten and secure the strap/brace  3900  around the foot or hand. Some of the embodiments of the elastic band  3960  may include a plastic cover  3950  around the end of the elastic band  3960 . The plastic cover  3950  may tighten the pressure of the elastic band  3960  and may result in tightening the pressure around a ball (not shown) that is located inside the end of the elastic band  3960 . This ball may act as a block way or a barrier for the elastic band  3960  and may prevent the elastic band  3960  from slipping out through the eyelet/grommet  3910 . In some embodiments, the strap/brace  3900  may not include an eyelet/grommet and may only include a nonelastic and/or elastic webbing loop. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  39 - 40   , the handlebar  3970  and the cover  3975  may be detached from the strap  3900 , allowing the user to place the strap/brace  3900  around the foot or hand without the plastic or PVC core handlebar  3970 .  FIG.  41 C  is a top perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIGS.  39 - 40    with the handlebar being detached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  41 C , in order for the handlebar  3970  and the cover  3975  to be removed from the strap/brace  3900 , one end of the strap/brace  3900  may be pulled out through the handlebar  3970 . As an example, in one embodiment, the handlebar  3970  may have a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 1.5 inches and a hollow interior of 1.25 inches. In other embodiments, the handlebar  3970  may include different dimensions. 
       FIG.  41 D  is a side perspective view of the strap/brace of  FIGS.  39 - 40    without a snap hook and without a foam/rubber handlebar, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. Other components of the strap/brace of  FIG.  41 D  may be similar to the strap/brace  3900  of  FIGS.  39 - 40   . With reference to  FIG.  41 D , the portion  4180  may be designed with elastic, non-elastic, and/or hook-and-loop fasteners webbing strap(s). 
     In some embodiments, a circular shape object  4195  (for example, made of plastic, rubber, or wood) may be placed at the end of the elastic band  3960  to prevent the elastic band  3960  to disconnect from the eyelet/grommet  3910 . In the embodiment of  FIG.  41 D , the circular shape object is replaced with a rectangular shape object  4195  (for example, made of plastic, rubber, or wood) to obstruct the elastic band  3960  from coming out of the eyelet/grommet  3910 . The technical advantage of the rectangular shape object versus the circular shape object is that the rectangular shape object  4195  may lay flat against the strap instead of the bulkiness of the circular shape (which may rub and irritate the skin during usage). As shown, the cover  3950  (e.g., made of plastic or rubber) may be placed around the elastic band  3960  to tighten the pressure of the elastic band around the circular or rectangular shape object  4195  inside of the elastic band  3960 . 
       FIG.  41 E  is a front perceptive view of a strap/brace with a handlebar connected to an elastic band by a snap hook  4125 , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The snap hook (or carabiner)  4125  may be, for example, similar to the snap hook  4125  of  FIG.  41 A . The snap hook  4125  may be made of, for example, and without limitation, steel or plastic. The snap hook  4125  may be connected through the eyelet/grommet  3910 . The snap hook  4125  may also be connected to the webbing loop  4190  that is at the end of the elastic resistance band  3960 . This snap hook  4125  may allow a person to connect the strap/brace  3900  to the elastic band  3960 . The webbing loop  4190  may be made of elastic and/or nonelastic webbing and may also be covered with a soft wicking fabric to protect the skin from being irritated from the hard-sharp edge of the webbing loop  4190 . 
       FIG.  42 A  is a side perceptive view of a slip-on strap/brace with extra cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  42 B  is a top view of the slip-on strap/brace with extra cushioning of  FIG.  42 A  connected around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B , the strap/brace  4200  may include a soft protection cover  4205  made from breathable wicking fabric, such as, for example, and without limitations, neoprene fabric. The wicking fabric may protect the user&#39;s skin from the hard edges around the eyelet/grommet  3910  and may give the user comfortability while putting on the strap/brace  4200 . 
     The strap/brace  4200  may include a second layer of fabric  4210  made, for example, and without limitations, from elastic and/or nonelastic webbing which may also be covered with the soft protection cover  4205  made from breathable wicking fabric. The elastic webbing fabric  4210  may allow the user to stretch the strap/brace  4200  out to fit the person&#39;s foot. Different sizes of strap/brace may be designed to fit the width of different users&#39; feet. There are multiple layers of fabric, which may include, for example, and without limitations, a double or triple layer of elastic and/or non elastic webbing fabric that may be covered with one and/or more layers of wicking fabric. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B , the strap/brace  4200  may include the cushion padding  4220  that may be made, for example, and without limitation, from foam or memory foam. In some embodiments, the padding  4220  may be made of gel pads for cushioning. The padding  4220  provides the technical advantage of giving the user&#39;s foot support for relieving any foot pain. In some embodiments, the padding  4220  may be covered with wicking fabric  4205 . 
     The strap/brace  4200  may include the extra padding  4230  for cushioning to provide additional foot support. The extra padding  4230  may be made, for example, and without limitations, from foam, memory foam, gel pads, etc. The extra padding  4230  may support the user&#39;s heel, in case the user suffers from different types of foot pain, such as plantar fasciitis, flat feet, high or low arches. The extra padding  4230  may also help relieving foot pain. The extra foam padding  4230  may have an extra shock absorbing core, that may give support to help the user develop correct body postures by reducing force on the heels, the arch of the user&#39;s foot, as well as help aligning the user&#39;s hips and back. 
     The strap/brace  4200  may include a circular or rectangular shape object  4240  that may be placed inside the elastic band  3960 . The circular or rectangular shape object  4240  may obstruct the path between the grommet  3910 . The obstruction that is created by the circular or rectangular shape object  4240 , may not allow the elastic band  3960  to slip out or slide off the elastic webbing  4210  and/or the soft protection cover  4205 . The strap/brace  4200  may include the additional rubber  3950  that may cover, hold, and tighten the pressure of the elastic band  3960  around the circular or rectangular shape object  4240 . 
       FIG.  43    is a top view of the slip-on strap/brace of  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B  with additional cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  43   , the strap/brace  4300  may include with additional cushioning for the bottom of the user&#39;s foot. The extra foam, memory foam, and/or gel cushioning  4305  may give support to the front, bottom section of the user&#39;s foot. The extra memory  4310  may give the user&#39;s foot arch support. The additional memory foam cushioning  4315  may give the user support in the heel area of the bottom of the foot. The strap/brace  4300  may be covered with soft breathable wicking fabric. The additional cushion paddings  4305 - 4315  may distribute the pressure across the front, middle, and lower part of the user&#39;s foot and may help with posture. The additional cushion paddings  4305 - 4315  may relieve foot pain, such as heel pain, Achilles tendinitis, arch pain, forefoot pain, etc. 
       FIGS.  44 A- 44 D  illustrate a detachable changeable cushioning that includes hook-and-loop fasteners, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  44 A  is a top view of a slip-on strap/brace  4400  with a detachable and changeable cushioning that includes hook-and-loop fasteners, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  44 A , the hook-and-loop fasteners may allow changing the inner cushioning of the strap/brace  4400 . The hook-and-loop fasteners may include the soft (or the loop) portion  4405  of the hook-and-loop fastener. The loop portion  4405  may be located inside the strap/brace  4400 . In some embodiments, the strap/brace  4400  may also be placed around the hand or wrist areas. 
       FIG.  44 B  is a top view of an extra memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad that covers the arch of the foot, the front of the foot, and the heel of the foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  44 C  is a bottom view of the extra memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad of  FIG.  44 B , showing the hooking portion of the hook-and-loop fastener, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  44 C , the memory foam/gel cushioning pad  4410  may be made of the hooking portion of the hook-and-loop fastener at the bottom, which may connect to the loop portion  4405  of the hook-and-loop fastener located inside the foot brace  4400 . 
     In different embodiments, the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  may include different configuration of padding. For example, in some embodiments, the memory foam cushioning pad  4410  may include only a padding similar to the padding  4230 , which was described above with reference to  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B . In other embodiments, the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  may include a combination of the paddings  4305 ,  4310 , and  4315  (as shown in  FIG.  44 B ), a combination of the paddings  4305  and  4310  (not shown), a combination of the paddings  4305  and  4315  (not shown), and/or a combination of the paddings  4310  and  4315  (not shown). The memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  may be attached to the loop portion  4405  of the hook-and-loop fastener inside the strap/brace  4400  to provide the extra cushioning. 
     The strap/brace  4400 , in some embodiments, may include two or more sliding buckle straps (not shown) cross over the in the front of the foot brace, allowing the person to fasten the brace around the foot. The examples of different types of buckles that may be used in the present embodiments was given above with reference to  FIG.  39   . 
       FIG.  44 D  is a top view of an extra memory foam and/or gel padding without additional cushioning, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  44 D , if a person chooses to wear the strap/brace  4400  without the extra additional cushioning  4305 - 4315 , the person may separate the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  from the loop portion  4405  of the hook-and-loop fastener located inside the strap/brace  4400  and may attach the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450 , which does not include the extra layers of additional cushioning. The memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450  is a flat cushion pad with no bumps. Similar to the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  of  FIG.  44 B , the bottom of the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450  of  FIG.  44 D  may have the hook portion of the hook-and-loop fastener shown in  FIG.  44 C . 
     In some of the present embodiments, the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  of  FIGS.  44 B- 44 C  and/or the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450  of  FIG.  44 D  may include an opening  4481 - 4482 , respectively. The openings  4481 - 4482  may be used to insert a hot or cold pack into a corresponding slot (not shown), for example, to reduce inflammation and/or to reduce any pain to the foot. 
     One of the technical advantages of the changeable sole cushioning is allowing the person to have flat level bottom sole when wearing the foot strap/brace around the foot with shoes. Another benefit of the changeable sole cushioning is that if the person is suffering from foot pain, the person may change the padding in the inside of the foot brace with extra cushioning of the person&#39;s choice. 
     The strap/brace  4200  of  FIGS.  42 A- 42 B , the strap/brace  4300  of  FIG.  43   , and the strap/brace  4400  of  FIG.  44 A  may be worn without shoes, to feel the extra memory foam and/or gel cushioning touching the sections of the person&#39;s foot that may need support. The outside layer of the straps/braces may include breathable wicking fabric that may facilitate wearing the straps/braces without the shoes. The detachable changeable cushioning of  FIGS.  44 B- 44 D  may apply to all straps/braces described herein, except the strap/brace  3900  of  FIGS.  39 - 40   , which includes a handlebar  3970 . 
       FIG.  45 A  is a top view and  FIG.  45 B  is a bottom view of a slip-on strap/brace  4500  with hook-and-loop fasteners buckle straps around the middle top area of the strap/brace and the top area of the strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  45 A- 45 B , the strap/brace  4500  may have a similar components as the straps/braces  4200 ,  4300 , and  4400 , described above, with the additional hook-and-loop fasteners buckle straps  4560 , for example, around the front, the middle top area, the ankle area, and the top area of the strap/brace  4500 . The strap/brace  4500 , in some embodiments, may be designed with an open sleeve hook-and-loop fastener strap design similar to strap/brace of  FIG.  46 A , described below. 
     The strap/brace  4500  may be used with the hook-and-loop fasteners cushion padding  4410  of  FIGS.  44 B- 44 C  or the padding  4450  of  FIG.  44 D .  FIG.  45 C  is a side elevation view of a rubber arch platform for attaching to a strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIG.  45 C , the rubber arch platform  4510 , in some embodiments, may include one or more pin and/or push in button elements  4515  that are located on top of the rubber arch platform  4510 . The pin and/or push in button element(s)  4515  may be hooked into the corresponding hole(s) or opening(s)  4520  ( FIG.  45 B ) located at the bottom of the strap/brace  4500 . 
     For example, in some embodiments, each pin or push in button element  4515  may include a shaft  4516  and a head  4517 . Each hole/opening  4520  may include a tube (not shown) with substantially the same diameter as the shaft  4515 . Each hole/opening  4520  may also include a cavity (not shown) at the end of the corresponding tube with substantially the same size as the head  4515 . The shaft  4516  and the head  4517  of each pin/push in button element  4515  may snugly fit into the tube and cavity of a corresponding hole/opening  4520 . 
     In other embodiments, the rubber arch platform  4510  may include a screw like element (not shown), which includes a helical ridge or thread. In these embodiments, the strap/brace  4500  may have one hole/opening  4520  with a tube. The tube may have a matching hollow thread that may allow the screw like element to screw into the hole or opening  4520 . 
     The attachment of the rubber arch platform  4510  to a strap/brace may allow a person to strengthen the calf muscles, to strengthen the Achilles tendon, and/or give the person a leg strength conditioning device. When the rubber arch platform  4510  is connected to the strap/brace  4500 , the rubber arch platform  4510  is located at the bottom front portion of foot and may have the person to always apply pressure to the front of the foot while training (as if the person was standing on the tiptoes). By incorporating the rubber arch platform  4510 , the person may enhance the level of training through plyometrics exercise, (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , described below). 
     An alternative method of attaching a rubber arch platform to the strap/brace is by using a hook-and-loop fastener pad.  FIG.  45 D  is a top view and  FIG.  45 E  is a bottom view of a rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  45 D and  45 E , the rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad  4540  may be attached to the bottom of the strap/brace  4500  where the loop part  4550  of the hook-and-loop fastener is located. The rubber arch platform  4570  may, for example, be glued and/or sewn to the hook-and-loop fastener pad. 
     The strap/brace  4500 , in some of the present embodiments, may include an extended fabric (not shown) that may cover the heal area with an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap with a loop attached to it (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  46 C , described below). The strap/brace  4500 , in some of the present embodiments, may include an elastic and/or non-elastic ring loop strap (not shown) in the bottom of the strap/brace  4500 . The ring loop strap may allow attaching the elastic bands with a snap hook to the bottom of the strap/brace  4500 . The strap/brace  4500  may also be placed around the hand or wrist areas. The person may slide the hand through the strap/brace  4500  and tighten the hook-and-loop fasteners buckle straps  4560  around the wrist and hand areas. 
     The strap/brace  4500 , in some embodiments, may include extra fabric to the back of the heal area with an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing buckle strap  4560  that is located on the ankle area of the strap/brace  4500 . The elastic and/or non-elastic webbing buckle strap  4560  may tighten and secure the strap/brace  4500  around the ankle area and/or above the wrist area. This design may allow the extended portion to cover the back heal area of the foot. With this extension to the strap/brace, the person may be able to connect the resistance band(s) towards the back of the heal area (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  46 C , described below). The elastic and/or non-elastic webbing may also have a buckle/ring mechanism that is attached to the back area of the strap/brace (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  46 C , described below). 
     The strap/brace  4500  (and other straps/braces of present embodiments) may include a waterproof/weatherproof digital monitor  5710  that may count and/or store statistics, such as, reps, time, calories burnt, etc. The details of the digital monitors of the present embodiments are described further below. 
     Different embodiments may include just the webbing loop, just a buckle/ring loop mechanism, or both the webbing and the buckle/loop. Different configurations may allow the person to perform different exercises such as forward leg raises, where the person stands on one leg and lifts the other leg off the ground in a forward motion. By repeating this motion back and forth, the person may strengthen the muscles in the legs, the glutes, and the abdominal areas. 
       FIGS.  46 A- 46 B  are side perspective views showing a person putting a foot inside a foot strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  46 A- 46 B , the strap/brace  4600  may include a soft protection cover  4605  that may be made from breathable wicking fabric, such as, for example, and without limitations, neoprene fabric, to protect the user&#39;s skin from the hard edges around the grommet and give the user comfortability while the foot brace is worn. The soft breathable wicking fabric  4605  may also be sweat and water resistant. 
     The strap/brace  4600  may include a layer of webbing fabric  4610  that may be made of elastic and/or non-elastic webbing fabric. The layer of webbing fabric  4610  may, at least partially, be covered by the wicking fabric  4605 . The strap/brace  4600  may include memory foam  4615  which may provide support and relief from pain to the bottom of the user&#39;s foot. The memory foam  4615  may, at least partially, be covered by the layer of webbing fabric  4610  and/or the wicking fabric  4605 . 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  46 A- 46 B , the strap/brace  4600  may include a webbing strap  4630 , which may be covered with the soft protection cover  4605  made from breathable wicking fabric. Examples of the webbing strap  4630  may include, but not limited to, a lightweight, non-elastic polypropylene or an elastic or non-elastic webbing fabric that is covered with wicking fabric. As shown, on one end of the webbing strap  4630  a tri bar slider (also known as tri-glide buckle) or a slide buckle-strap adjuster  4635  may be attached. The tri bar slider or the slide buckle-strap adjuster  4635  may be made of metal and/or plastic with a wicking fabric cover. 
     To fit the strap/brace  4600  tightly around the user&#39;s foot, the user may take the side of the strap/brace  4600  that has the webbing strap  4630 , and may cross the strap/brace over the foot to connect to the tri bar slider/the slide buckle adjuster  4635  as shown in  FIG.  46 B . The two sides of the strap/brace  4600  may be connected by putting the webbing strap  4630  on the left (in the pictured orientation) through the tri bar slider/the slide buckle adjuster  4635 . The tri bar slider/the slide buckle adjuster  4635  may allow the user to adjust the fit of the strap/brace  4600  to the user&#39;s liking. 
     The strap/brace  4600  may include the extra memory foam cushioning  4305 - 4315 , which may be similar to the cushioning  4305 - 4315  described above with reference to  FIG.  43   . The strap/brace  4600  may include the eyelet/grommet  3910  located on top of the strap/brace  4600  that may allow an elastic band to be permanently attached through the eyelet/grommet  3910  or to allow the connection an elastic band by a snap hook or a similar snap hook device (not shown). 
     In some embodiments, the strap/brace  4600  may not have the grommet  3910  and may have an elastic band that has an elastic or non-elastic webbing loop to attach a snap hook. The snap hook may then be attached and connected to the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop that is located at the end of the elastic band(s). The elastic or non-elastic webbing loop  4607  may be located on the top of the strap/brace  4600 . For example, and without limitations, a snap hook may latch on to the webbing loop  4607  ( FIG.  46 B ) on the layer of webbing fabric  4610 . 
     In some embodiments, the strap/brace  4600  may include a double O ring strap or a double D ring strap instead of the tri bar slider/the slide buckle adjuster  4635 . In addition to the double O or double D ring straps, other type of connectors described above may be used. The different kinds of straps/buckles described in the present specification may be used for the strap/brace  4600  or any other straps/braces described in this specification. The straps, buckles, sliders, and loops may be in plastic and/or metal (e.g., steel, brass, etc.). 
       FIG.  46 C  is a side perspective view showing a person putting a foot inside a strap/brace with an extended fabric that covers the heal and ankle areas, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  46 C , the strap/brace  4650  may include similar components as the strap/brace  4600  of  FIGS.  46 A- 46 B , with the additional extended webbing fabric  4651  that covers the heal area. The strap/brace  4650  may include a webbing loop  4654  attached to a D ring or metal (e.g., steel) loop  4652 . In some embodiments, the D ring or metal loop  4652  may be permanently sewn into the webbing loop  4654 . 
     The strap/brace  4650  may only open in the front area at the top. The back portion of the strap/brace  4650  may be closed. The strap/brace  4650  may also include a ring loop strap (not shown) in the bottom of the strap/brace  4650  to allow a person to attach elastic bands on the bottom of the foot. 
     With further reference to  FIG.  46 C , the person may insert the foot from the top of the strap/brace  4650  where the ankle strap  4653  is located. The person may grab one side of the webbing strap  4630 , and may cross the webbing strap  4630  over the foot. Then the person may slide the ends of the webbing strap  4630  through the tri bar slider/the slide buckle adjuster strap  4635 , and tighten the strap/brace  4650  around the foot. The person may then proceed to fasten the rest of the strap/brace  4650  around the ankle area by sliding the webbing strap  4653  through the tri bar slider/slide buckle adjuster  4656  that is attached to the top webbing fabric  4657  around the ankle area. 
     As described above, the extra webbing fabric  4651  at the back of the heal area may be connected to the D ring or metal (e.g., steel) loop  4652  that allows attaching an elastic band. With this extension to the strap/brace  4650 , the strap/brace  4650  may be designed to have the webbing loop ( 4654 ) with the D ring or metal loop  4652  behind the heal area. The D ring or metal loop  4652  may allow connecting one or more resistance bands behind the back of the heal area. In some embodiments, the webbing loop ( 4654 ) may not have a D ring/buckle/ring mechanism attached to the webbing loop ( 4654 ). 
     The strap/brace  4600  and  4650 , in different embodiments, may be made with just the webbing loop, just a buckle/ring loop mechanism, or with both the webbing and the buckle/loop, allowing a person to perform different exercises such as, an exercise called a forward leg raises, where the person stands on one leg and lifts the other leg off the ground in a forward motion. By repeating this motion back and forth, the person may exercise the muscles in the glutes and the abdominal areas. 
       FIG.  47 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  47 B  is a perspective view of the changeable weight strap/brace of  FIG.  47 A  being set up to be connected around a foot, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The strap/brace  4700  may include a soft protection cover  4705  made of breathable wicking fabric that may also be sweat resistant and waterproof. The strap/brace  4700  may include multiple layers of fabric  4710  made from webbing fabric which the soft protection cover  4705  goes over. 
     The strap/brace  4700  may include individual weights (e.g., sandbags, icing gel packs, heat packs, etc.)  4715  that may be placed in the slots  4725  that are incorporated within the strap/brace  4700 . Each slot  4725  may include an opening  4720  to allow the sandbags, etc.,  4715  to be placed in the slots  4725  and not fall out. The openings  4720  may be opened and closed by, for example, and without limitations, hook-and-loop fasteners, zipper, snap buttons, etc. The openings  4720  may be surrounded by webbing fabric  4710  and covered with soft protection cover  4705 . The contents of the slots  4725  may be changed based on the type of exercise or activity. For example, a sandbag may be placed into a slot  4725  to add weight for a particular exercise. As another example, an ice pack (e.g., icing gel packs) or a heat pack (e.g., heating gel packs) may be placed into a slot  4725  to reduce inflammation and/or to reduce any pain to the foot. The approximate position of the weights  4715  after the weights  4715  are inserted into the slots  4725  are shown with the dashed squares  4726 . 
     The strap/brace  4700  may include hook-and-loop fasteners. The loop part  4730  of the hook-and-loop fasteners is shown in  FIG.  47 A . The hook part  4735  of the hook-and-loop fasteners may be located inside of the strap/brace  4700 , which is shown in  FIG.  47 B . The strap/brace  4700  may include two straps  4740  that may be elastic and/or nonelastic webbing straps that allow the user to connect foot brace around the foot by sliding the end of each strap  4740  through the corresponding slide buckle  4745 . The slide buckles  4745  may be located on the elastic and/or nonelastic webbing straps  4750 . The two straps  4740  may allow the strap/brace  4700  to be secured and useable in water without coming off the foot. Although  FIG.  47 A  shows each strap  4740  and the corresponding buckles  4745  as separate pieces with an opening between them, in some embodiments each strap  4740  and the corresponding buckles  4745  are connected together as one continues piece of webbing strap. In addition, the webbing straps  4750  in  FIG.  47 A  may be longer, in some embodiments (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  47 B ). 
     The strap/brace  4700  may include an additional layer of webbing fabric  4760  located on top of the other layer of webbing fabric  4710 . The webbing fabric  4760  may have an elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  4770  with a grommet  4765  located on top. The grommet  4765  may allow the user to connect a snap hook to the grommet  4765  and connect one or more elastic bands to the strap/brace  4700 . 
     In some embodiments, the strap/brace  4700  may include just the webbing loop by itself. The snap hook may connect the elastic band to the foot strap/brace together (not shown). The grommet  4765  and/or the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop strap  4770  may be used to connect elastic band(s) to the foot/hand brace. The strap/brace  4700 , in some embodiments, may be designed for the person to connect a snap hook mechanism directly to the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop strap  4770 . In some embodiments, the grommet  4765  and the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop strap  4770  may be replaced with a steel ring and/or other hook mechanism described herein. The strap/brace  4700  and any other strap/brace described herein, may be designed with one or more elastic bands permanently attached to them. 
       FIGS.  48 A- 48 C  are bottom views showing changeable weight straps/braces similar to the foot strap/brace of  FIG.  47 A  with additional attachments incorporated, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. Similar to the changeable weight strap/brace  4700  of  FIG.  47 A , the changeable weight straps/braces  4801 - 4803  may include the openings  4720  to allow weights (such as, for example, and without limitations, sandbags, etc.) to be placed in the slots  4725  and not fall out. With reference to  FIG.  48 A , the strap/brace  4801  may include hook-and-loop fasteners. As shown, the loop part  4810  of the hook-and-loop fasteners may be located in the back side and inside the strap/brace  4801  in the middle. The hook part of the hook-and-loop fasteners may be similar to the hook part  4410  of  FIG.  44 C . The loop part of the hook-and-loop fasteners being inside the strap/brace provides the technical advantage of allowing a person to change the comfort and support level of the strap/brace. In some embodiments, the wicking fabric may also act as the loop part of the strap/brace  4801 . The loop part of the hook-and-loop fasteners on the back side of the strap/brace  4801  allows the user to attach the rubber arch platform with the hook and loop fastener pad of  FIGS.  45 D- 45 E . 
     The strap/brace  4801  may also be used with the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  of  FIG.  44 B  or the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450  of  FIG.  44 D  to provide different levels of comfort and support. As described above with reference to  FIGS.  44 B and  44 C , the memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4410  is a pad that includes extra memory foam and/or gel foam to give aid in relieving pain at the bottom of the foot. The memory foam and/or gel cushioning pad  4450  may include extra memory foam and/or gel but has a flat surface. 
     With reference to  FIG.  48 B , there are two openings  4815  on the bottom the strap/brace  4802  that allows a person to connect the attachment  4830 . The figure shows the side view  4831  and the bottom view  4832  of the rubber arch platform attachment  4830 . The rubber arch platform attachment  4830  may include two pins or push in button elements  4825 , which may hook into the holes or openings  4815 . The pin or push in button elements  4825  and the holes/opening  4815  may be similar to the pin or push in button elements  4515  and the holes/opening  4520  of  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . Alternatively, the rubber arch platform attachment  4830  may include a screw-like element similar to the screw-like element and the hole/opening described above with reference to  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . The rubber arch platform attachment  4830  may allow the person to strengthen the calf muscles and the Achilles tendon, and may be used by the person as a leg strength conditioning device. 
     The rubber arch platform attachment  4830  may be connected to the bottom front of the strap/brace  4802  and may have the person wearing the strap/brace to always be applying pressure to the front of the foot while training, as if the person was standing on the tiptoes. By incorporating the rubber arch platform attachment  4830 , the person may enhance the level of training through plyometrics exercise. 
     With reference to  FIG.  48 C , the strap/brace  4803  may include two linear, substantially parallel openings  4840  on the bottom of the strap/brace  4803  that may allow the rubber arch platform  4850  to fit into the openings  4840 . The figure shows the side view  4851  and the top view  4852  of the rubber arch platform  4850 . The two railings  4860  on the top of the rubber arch platform  4850  may slide into the openings  4840  that are located on the bottom of the strap/brace  4803 , allowing the arch rubber platform  4850  to be attached and secured to the strap/brace  4803 . The straps/braces  4801 - 4803  may be covered by wicking fabric such as, for example, and without limitations, neoprene fabric, which may be sweatproof as well as waterproof. The rubber arch platform attachments  4830  and the rubber arch platform  4850  may be incorporated in other straps/braces disclosed herein, for example by adding the opening  4815  or  4840  to the bottom of the straps/braces. 
       FIG.  49 A  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight strap/brace with hook-and-loop fasteners at the bottom to attach a rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  49 B  is a bottom view and  FIG.  49 C  is a top view of a rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener that may be attached to the bottom of the strap/brace of  FIG.  49 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     Similar to the changeable weight strap/brace  4700  of  FIG.  47 A , the changeable weight strap/brace  4901  may include the openings  4720  to allow weights (such as sandbags, etc.) to be placed in the slots  4725  and not fall out. The bottom of the strap/brace  4901  may include hook-and-loop fasteners. As shown, the bottom portion of the strap/brace  4901  may include the loop portion  4905  of the hook-and-loop fasteners. In some embodiments, the wicking fabric may also act as the loop portion of the strap/brace  4905 . 
     With reference to  FIG.  49 B , the bottom of the rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad  4920  may include a platform  4970  made from material(s) such as, for example, and without limitations, rubber, foam, gel, plastic etc.  FIG.  49 C  is the top portion of the rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad  4920 . The hook part  4925  of the rubber arch platform with a hook and loop fastener pad  4920  attaches to the loop part  4905  on the bottom of the strap/brace  4901 . 
     The strap/brace  4901  may include elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop fabric (not shown) that may be located in the bottom of the strap/brace  4901  to connect a D ring loop (not shown). The D ring loop may allow a person to connect a resistance band under the foot when the strap/brace  4901  is worn on a foot. The D ring loop may allow a person to connect a resistance band to the palm or under the wrist area when the strap/brace  4901  is worn on a hand/wrist. 
     The strap/brace  4901  may include a pair of elastic and/or non-elastic webbing straps  4950  that tightens and secures the brace around the foot/ankle area and/or above the wrist area when connected to the sliding buckle strap(s)  4952 . In order to wear the strap/brace  4901  around the ankles, a person may hold the strap/brace  4901  in a vertical position and grab and wrap the ends  4951  of the webbing straps  4950 . 
     The person may then wrap the buckle straps  4950  around the ankle area by sliding the end of the webbing strap  4950  through the corresponding sliding buckle strap(s)  4952 . The person may then fasten the webbing strap  4950  around the ankle area. The elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop strap, which may have a grommet on it, (e.g., as described above with reference to  FIG.  47 A ) may now be facing outwards behind the ankle area. 
     By placing the strap/brace  4901  in vertical position around the ankles, a person may perform different exercises such as forward leg raises where the person may stand on one leg and lift the other leg off the ground in a forward motion. By repeating this motion, the person may strengthen the glutes and leg muscles. 
       FIG.  50 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace that may be worn on foot or wrist, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  50 B  is functional diagram illustrating an example use of the strap/brace of  FIG.  50 A  as a wrist strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  50 C  is functional diagram illustrating an example use of the strap/brace of  FIG.  50 A  as a foot strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     Similar to the strap/brace  4700  of  FIG.  47 A , the strap/brace  5000  of  FIGS.  50 A- 50 C  may include openings  5024  to insert weights/ice packs/hot packs  5010  into the slots  5025  to increase level of strength conditioning and/or for therapeutic treatment. The approximate position of the weights/ice packs/hot packs  5010  after the weights/ice packs/hot packs  5010  are inserted into the slots  5025  are shown with the dashed squares  5026 . Also similar to the straps/braces described above, the strap/brace  5000  may include a breathable wicking fabric  5030  and an additional layer of webbing fabric  5035  made from webbing material. The soft protection cover provided by the wicking fabric  5030  may go over the additional layer of webbing fabric  5035 . The wicking fabric  5030  may allow a person to attach the hook part  5050  of the hook-and-loop fasteners onto the strap/brace  5000 . Similar to the straps/braces described above, the strap/brace  5000  may include sweatproof and waterproof/water resistant material. 
     The strap/brace  5000  may include the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing straps  5040 . The webbing straps  5040  may cross over around the hand or foot and the ends of webbing straps  5040  may slide through and be pulled through the fastening buckle straps  5045 , allowing the strap/brace  5000  to be tightened around the hand or foot. The back end(s)  5060  of the webbing straps  5040  may include the hook part of the hook-and-loop fasteners. 
     The strap/brace  5000  may include an opening  5070  where a person may place the thumb through. The strap/brace  5000  may include a grommet  5075  and an elastic and/or non-elastic loop strap  5080 . With reference to  FIG.  50 C , the strap/brace  5000  may include a substantially circular foldable portion  5095  around the opening  5070 . The strap/brace  5000  may include an opening elastic slit  5090 , which may be located inside the strap/brace  5000 . The person may then place the circular portion  5095  inside the elastic opening slit  5090  to convert the strap/brace  5000  into a foot brace. The opening elastic slit  5090  provides the technical advantage of allowing the person to quickly convert the brace/strap  5000  from a hand brace/strap into a foot brace/strap. With reference to  FIGS.  50 A and  50 B , the strap/brace  5000  may include a waterproof/weatherproof digital monitor  5710  that may count and/or store statistics, such as, reps, time, calories burnt, etc. The details of the digital monitors of the present embodiments are described further below. 
     The strap/brace  5000  may include an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop fabric (not shown) located at the bottom of the strap/brace  5000  to connect a ring loop/hooking mechanism. The ring loop may allow connecting resistant bands under the foot or to the palm/under wrist area. The ring loop may be, for example, and without limitations, a D ring. The D ring may be made, for example, and without limitations, from plastic, metal (e.g., steel), etc. 
       FIG.  51 A  is a top view showing a changeable weight strap/brace with an ankle support, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  51 B  is a side elevation view of a rubber arch platform for attaching to a strap/brace such as the strap/brace of  FIG.  51 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  51 C  is a functional diagram showing a person wearing the strap/brace of  FIG.  51 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  51 A- 51 C , the strap/brace  5100  may include multiple layers of fabric. One of the fabrics on the strap/brace  5100 , may be breathable wicking fabric  5105 , which may act as a soft protection cover. The strap/brace  5100  may include an additional layer of webbing fabric  5110 , made from elastic and/or non-elastic webbing fabric which the wicking fabric  5105  may go over. The strap/brace  5100  may include an additional layer of webbing fabric  5115  that may be connected to an elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  5120 . Some embodiments may include a grommet  5125  located on top of the elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  5120 . The grommet  5125  may allow connecting a snap hook to connect an elastic bands to the strap/brace  5100 . 
     The elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  5120 , in some embodiments, may be attached to the webbing fabric  5115  without a grommet on the top of the elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  5120 . Instead, a snap hook may be latched directly around the elastic and/or nonelastic webbing loop strap  5120  without a grommet. The strap/brace  5100  may include the opening slots/holes  5130  located in the middle (towards the front) of the strap/brace  5100 . In some embodiments, the opening slots/holes  5130  may have a slit (not shown). When the strap/brace  5100  is worn on a foot, the opening slots/holes  5130  may be located under the foot. The opening slots/holes  5130  may enable attaching the arch rubber platform attachment  5140  to the strap/brace  5100 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  51 B , the arch rubber platform  5140  may include the pin or push in button elements  5145  that may latch the into the opening/holes  5130  located on the strap/brace  5100 . The pin or push in button elements  5145  and the holes/opening  5130  may be similar to the pin or push in button elements  4515  and the holes/opening  4520  of  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . Alternatively, the arch rubber platform  5140  may include a screw-like element similar to the screw-like element and the hole/opening described above with reference to  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . The arch rubber platform  5140  may allow the person to strengthen the calf muscles and the Achilles tendon, and may be used by the person as a leg strength conditioning device. 
     The strap/brace  5100  may include the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing straps  5150  that may slide through the buckles  5155  on the opposite side of the strap/brace  5100 . The webbing straps  5150  may allow securing the front portion of the strap/brace  5100  when the strap/brace  5100  is worn. 
       FIGS.  51 A and  51 C  show the hook portion  5160  of a hook-and-loop fastener strap that is located at the top of the strap/brace  5100 . The hook portion  5160  of the hook-and-loop fasteners may wrap around the top area of the ankle as shown in  FIG.  51 C . The wicking fabric  5105  may play as the loop part of the hook-and-loop fasteners. The wicking fabric material may allow the hook part of the hook-and-loop fasteners to attach to the wicking fabric. The wicking fabric  5105  may be incorporated throughout the strap/brace  5100  to allow the strap/brace to be sweatproof and waterproof, as well as providing comfort around the foot and ankle areas. 
     The elastic and/or hook-and-loop fasteners slot openings  5165  may allow a person to insert the weight sandbags  5170  inside the slots  5175 . The openings  5165  may also allow placing hot packs and/or cold packs into the slots  5175  to reduce inflammation to the muscles and/or add weights to enhance the workout. Applying the weights may allow strengthening of the leg muscles. The ice or hot packs may be used to reduce inflammation in the ankle area and help with the healing process. 
     The strap/brace  5100  may include the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop  5180 , which may allow attaching one or more resistance bands with a snap hook. The strap/brace  5100  may include a D ring (not shown) attached to the webbing loop  5180 . The strap/brace  5100  may include the hook-and-loop fasteners and/or elastic and/or non-elastic straps  5185  that may wrap around the middle and top portion of the ankle area. In some embodiments, the strap/brace  5100  may include shoelaces (not shown) around the ankle area to give a tighter support around the ankle and foot. The strap/brace  5100  may include a ring loop strap (not shown) in the bottom of the strap/brace  5100  to allow a person to attach a snap hook to connect resistance bands under the foot (e.g., when used as a foot strap/brace). 
       FIG.  52    is a side elevation view showing a changeable weight band strap/brace with a rubber arch platform attached to the strap/brace, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  52   , the strap/brace  5200  may include breathable wicking fabric and memory form, and/or extra gel padding. The strap/brace  5200  may include mesh, synthetic fabric arch and heel support, covered by wicking fabric that is waterproof and sweatproof. The strap/brace  5200  may include layers of stretchable fabric, for example, and without limitations, Spandex, Lycra, rubber, and/or other types of wicking fabric. 
     The strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may include (not shown) high top and shoelaces. The high top may include wicking fabric that may cover above the upper portion of the ankle area, with shoelaces, hook-and-loop fastener, and/or buckle strap. The strap/brace  5200 , may include an insole  5205 . The insole  5205  may be made, for example, and without limitations, from one or more layers of rubber and/or memory foam material. The strap/brace  5200  may include the extra gel/memory foam cushioning  5210 , which may give additional support to the bottom of the foot. Once a person is wearing the strap/brace  5200 , the cushioning  5210  may reduce the amount of pressure applied from the ground towards the bottom of the foot, and may reduce pain from plantar fasciitis. While the person is standing and wearing the strap/brace  5200 , the cushions  5210  may also give aid in the balance of the person by giving arch support to the bottom of the foot. 
     In addition to, or in lieu of the cushions  5210 , the strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may include attachable and detachable cushions similar to the attachable and detachable cushioning pad  4410  of  FIGS.  44 B- 44 C  or the attachable and detachable cushioning pad  4450  of  FIG.  44 D . For example, the inner bottom of the strap/brace  5200  may include loop portion of a hook-and-loop fastener that may be connected to the hooking portion of the hook-and-loop fastener at the bottom of the attachable and detachable cushioning pad  4410  and  4450 . 
     With further reference to  FIG.  52   , the middle portion  5215  and the top middle portion  5216  of the strap/brace  5200  may be made from multiple layers of webbing fabric. The ends  5220 - 5221  of the straps  5230  may be made of elastic and/or non-elastic webbing fabric and may go into the webbing strap buckles  5225 . In some embodiments, the end  5221 , may also be made with hook-and-loop fasteners webbing strap, and/or elastic or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners webbing strap with a buckle. The webbing strap  5230  may also include hook-and-loop fasteners in addition to, or in lieu of, the buckles  5225 . As illustrated, the buckles and straps together may allow wrapping of the foot brace around the foot and ankle areas. The straps  5230 , in some embodiments, may crisscross over the foot instead of crossing horizontally as illustrated in  FIG.  52   . 
     The strap/brace  5200  may include another layer of wicking fabric  5240  that may have an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop strap  5245  on it. The strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may include an eyelet or grommet  5250  on top of the webbing loop strap  5245 . As shown, a resistant band  5260  may be connected to the eyelet or grommet  5250  by a snap hook  5265 . In some embodiments, the strap/brace  5200  may not include an eyelet or grommet and the snap hook  5265  may be directly connected to the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop strap  5245 . The strap/brace  5200 , in other embodiments, may include other types of hooking/latching mechanism described herein. In some embodiments, the resistant band  5260  may be directly connected to the strap/brace  5200  without the snap hook  5265 . For example, the resistant band  5260  may be attached to the eyelet or grommet  5250  as described above with reference to  FIG.  39   , resulting the elastic band  5260  to permanently latch on and be attached to the strap/brace  5200 . 
     The strap/brace  5200  may include a multiple layer of thick stretchable wicking fabric  5270  for ankle support, which may wrap tightly around the ankle. The strap/brace  5200  may include the attachable weights sandbags  5275  that may slide into elastic and/or hook-and-loop fasteners slits located inside the sleeves  5278  of the strap/brace  5200 . 
     The strap/brace  5200  may include the openings or slits  5280  where the arch rubber platform  5285  may be attached to the outsole  5288  part of the strap/brace  5200 . As shown, the opening/holes  5280  may be located on the bottom front part of the strap/brace  5200  and may allow the arch rubber platform  5285  to latch into the bottom of the strap/brace  5200 . 
     The arch rubber platform  5285  may include the pin or push in button elements  5289  that may latch into the opening/holes  5280  located on the strap/brace  5200 . The pin or push in button elements  5289  and the holes/opening  5280  may be similar to the pin or push in button elements  4515  and the holes/opening  4520  of  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . Alternatively, the arch rubber platform  5285  may include a screw-like element similar to the screw-like element and the hole/opening described above with reference to  FIGS.  45 C and  45 B . The arch rubber platform  5285  may allow the person to strengthen the calf muscles and the Achilles tendon, and may be used by the person as a leg strength conditioning device. 
     When the arch rubber platform  5285  is not attached, the outsole  5288  may touch the ground. When the arch rubber platform  5285  is attached to the strap/brace  5200 , the arch rubber platform may touch the ground during exercise and may act as the outsole of the strap/brace  5200 . For example, as described above with reference to  FIG.  45   , the person using the strap/brace  5200  may always apply pressure to the front of the foot as if the person was standing on the tiptoes. 
     With continued reference to  FIG.  52   , the strap/brace  5200  may include webbing loop strap or buckle strap  5290  that may be attached to the back of the strap/brace  5200  to allow the person to attach resistant band(s) to the webbing loop or buckle  5290  with a snap hook. The strap/brace  5200  may include a D ring (not shown) attached to the webbing loop strap or buckle strap  5290 . The webbing loop strap or buckle strap  5290  may, in some embodiments, include a snap lock/shock cord mechanism to allow the direct attachment of elastic band(s) to the strap/brace  5200  without a snap hook. The back part  5295  of the foot brace may include a stiff piece of rubber material that may be layered with memory foam and covered with wicking fabric to provide support to the back heal area of the foot and to strengthen the rear of the strap/brace  5200 . 
     In order to wear the strap/brace  5200  on a foot or a shoe, the person may slide the foot into the top ankle portion  5270  of the strap/brace  5200  and into the middle part of the strap/brace  5200 . The person may then grab the two sleeve webbing straps  5278  and wrap one side of the sleeve over the other around the foot and/or the shoe. The person may then connect the straps  5230  together, securing the strap/brace  5200  around the foot and/or the shoe. By pulling on the straps  5230  through the buckles  5225 , the person may be able to adjust the fit and tighten the fit of the strap/brace  5200  to the person&#39;s liking. The strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may include an open toe area to allow the person to place the foot brace around the shoe. The strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may include a closed front  5297  to cover the toes of the person. The strap/brace  5200 , in some embodiments, may be sweatproof and waterproof. 
       FIG.  53 A  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight strap/brace used as a glove, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  53 B  is a bottom view and  FIG.  53 C  is a perspective view illustrating how the strap/brace of  FIG.  53 A  may be worn. 
     The strap/brace  5300  may include the adjustable buckle straps  5361 - 5362  and webbing straps  5371 - 5372 . The buckle straps  5361 - 5362  and the webbing straps  5371 - 5372  may be similar to any of the buckles and straps described above. In the embodiments illustrated in  FIGS.  53 A- 53 C , the strap/brace  5300  may include elastic and/or non-elastic webbing buckles straps and/or hook and loop fasteners. The end of the webbing strap  5371  may slide into the adjustable buckle strap  5361 , which may fasten the strap/brace  5300  around the top area of a person&#39;s hands. The webbing strap  5372  may connect to the buckle strap  5362  to secure the strap/brace  5300  around the wrist area. 
     In some embodiments, the straps may be crisscrossed, and/or the strap/brace  5300  may have two or more webbing strap buckles. The strap/brace  5300  may also include laces (not shown) to secure the glove around the wrist area. 
     The strap/brace  5300  may include the breathable wicking fabric  5320  and the pocket area  5325  for placing a sandbag weight and/or a hot or a cold pack. The strap/brace  5300  may include another pocket  5330  located towards the wrist area, which may be used to insert sandbag weights, and/or a hot or a cold pack. 
     The strap/brace  5300  may include an opening  5340  where the person may place the thumb through. The person may wrap the strap/brace  5300  around the hand by connecting the buckles  5361 - 5362  and straps  5371 - 5372 , as described above. The strap/brace  5300  may include an eyelet or grommet  5345  that may be placed on the elastic and/non elastic webbing loop strap  5350 . The eyelet or grommet  5345  may allow latching on a snap hook (not shown) to attach to an elastic band (not shown). 
     The strap/brace  5300 , in some embodiments, may not include an eyelet or grommet. Instead, a snap hook may be connected directly around the elastic and/or non-elastic loop webbing strap  5350 . The strap/brace  5300  may include a ring loop strap (not shown), or two loops  5390  (which may be made of metal, plastic, and/or webbing fabric), for attaching resistance bands. The strap/brace  5300  may include the wicking fabric  5322  that may include the hook part of a hook-and-loop fastener on top of in order to allows the left side of the strap/brace  5300  where the strap  5372  is located to be connected. The wicking fabric  5322  may act as the loop part of the hook-and-loop fastener. 
       FIG.  54 A  is a top view and  FIG.  54 B  is a bottom view showing a changeable weight band strap/brace glove that covers part of all of the fingers, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  54 A , the strap/brace glove  5400  may allow the person to place all fingers through the strap/brace glove  5400 , resulting in the strap/brace glove to wrap around the fingers. 
     With reference to  FIG.  54 A , a person may first slide the hand/fingers into the strap/brace glove  5400 . The person may then wrap the loop part  5405  of the hook-and-loop fasteners over onto the hook part  5410  of the hook-and-loop fasteners. The hook-and-loop fasteners may be elastic and/or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners. The person may grab the loop part  5405  of the hook-and-loop fasteners and cross the webbing strap  5415  over the loop part  5405  and to the hook part  5410  of the hook-and-loop fasteners. The person may then slide the tip  5420  of the webbing strap  5415  into the webbing buckle strap  5425 . By connecting the tip  5420  of the strap  5415  into the webbing buckle strap  5425 , strap/brace glove  5400  may be tightened around the wrist area. The strap/brace glove  5400  may include wicking fabric. The hook part of the strap may be able to attach onto the wicking fabric of the strap/brace glove. 
     The strap/brace glove  5400  may include an additional layer of webbing fabric  5440  that may be located on top of the strap/brace glove  5400 . A webbing loop strap  5445  may be located on top of the additional layer of fabric  5440 . The strap/brace glove  5400 , in some embodiments, may include an eyelet or grommet  5450  over the webbing loop strap  5445  for attaching elastic bands. The strap/brace glove  5400 , in some embodiments, may not include an eyelet or grommet and may include a non-elastic webbing loop strap  5445  to directly connect an elastic band to it with a snap hook. 
     Some embodiments of the strap/brace  5400 , may include layer(s) of extra rubber fabric, silicone, and/or vinyl material  5420  which may be located on the inside fingers and tips of the strap/brace glove  5400 . The strap/brace glove  5400  may include a metal grommet and/or metal/steel ring  5460  and/or a webbing loop strap (not shown) that may be used for attaching an elastic band with a snap hook on the inside of the strap/brace glove  5400 . 
     Attaching a resistant band on bottom of the glove provides several advantages for strengthening the wrist area. For example, by not closing the fist, and being able to perform an exercise called front raise with an open palm may allow the person to not only strengthen the arms, shoulders, and chest areas, but the person may also be able to strengthen the wrist muscles. This exercise may be performed by bending the elbows slightly and raising the arms straight in front of the body. The elasticity of the band may then contract the wrist muscles. 
     The strap/brace glove  5400  may be used for the wrist and shoulder rehabilitation. For example, if a person needs to strengthen the wrist, the person may perform the wrist extension and flexion exercise. The person may start with the elbow bent at the side and the palm facing downwards. The person may then move the palm upwards until feeling a stretch. The person may then return to the original position. Holding the wrist in the upward position for approximately five seconds and back down and repeating this movement for about ten times may result in building strength in the wrist. This exercise may be used for tennis, football, baseball, basketball, hockey, boxing, mixed martial arts (MMA), swimming, etc. Adding the resistant bands to this exercise enhances the level of exercise, making the exercise more difficult because of the resistant. At the same time, adding the resistant band may make this work out to be more effective in building the strength in the wrist area. 
     III. Elastic Exercise Bands with Cushion 
       FIG.  55 A  is a perspective view illustrating an elastic band with wicking fabric on the outside and foam in the inside, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  55 A , the elastic band  5501  may be tubular or non-tubular. The elastic band  5501  may include the inner lining  5505  (shown with dotted lines) that may include foam, memory foam, and/or gel padding. In the embodiments discussed herein, unless explicitly excluded, the term foam also applies to memory foam and vice versa. The foam  5505  may be sewn to the inside of the soft wicking fabric  5510  that may cover the elastic band  5501 . The wicking fabric may be sweatproof and/or waterproof. 
     The foam  5505  may provide the technical advantage of giving the person comfortability and support during a workout, for example, and without limitations, when the band is placed around the neck, chest and shoulder areas. The foam  5505  may create support and comfort from the tension and pressure that is applied when the elastic band is placed around the neck, chest, and shoulder areas. The wicking fabric  5510  may provide the technical advantage of preventing the user&#39;s skin from being agitated when the elastic band rubs against the skin. For example, without the wicking fabric  5510  and/or the foam  5505 , the elastic band  5501  may pull the hairs of the person&#39;s skin, creating pain and discomfort. 
     With reference to  FIG.  55 A , the rubber covers  5515  may hold and tighten the pressure of the elastic band  5501  around the circular and/or rectangular shape objects  5520  that is placed inside and at the end of the elastic band  5501 . The purpose of the object  5520  is to prevent the elastic band  5501  from slipping through the eyelet/grommet  5525  that may be located on the elastic or non-elastic webbing loop  5530 . 
     The soft wicking fabric  5540  (e.g., and without limitations, made of wicking neoprene fabric) may protect the user&#39;s skin from the hard edges around the grommet  5525  and the sharp edges around the corners of the webbing loop  5530 . The soft wicking fabric  5540  and/or  5510  provides the technical advantage of preventing the person&#39;s skin from being irritated by the rubbing of elastic band  5501  against the skin, and/or having the hard/sharp edges of the grommet/webbing/buckle/snap to hurt the bones and skin of the person while working out. 
     The snap hooks  5550  (e.g., and without limitations, metal spring links and/or carabiners) may be attached to the webbing loop  5530  to a connect foot/hand strap(s)/band(s) (not shown). The foot/hand strap(s) may be similar to any strap/band of the present embodiments described above. The snap hooks  5550  may be covered with soft wicking fabric  5555  (e.g., and without limitations, made of neoprene fabric) to protect the user&#39;s skin from the hard edges around the hooks  5550 . 
       FIG.  55 B  is a front perspective view illustrating the elastic band  5501  of  FIG.  55 A  with an ergonomic foam pillow attached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  55 C  is a back perspective view of  FIG.  55 B , where there is a webbing strap with loops attached, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , a foam/memory foam pillow  5560  may be attached to the elastic band  5501 . In the embodiments discussed herein, unless explicitly excluded, the term foam pillow also applies to memory foam pillow and vice versa. 
     Although several examples of the ergonomic pillows of the present embodiments are referred to as memory foam pillows, the ergonomic pillows in all these examples may include material other than foam or memory foam. For example, in addition to, or in lieu of the shapeable materials foam or memory foam, some embodiments may include shapeable materials such as gel, rubber, sandbag, etc. The shapeable material(s) may be covered with wicking fabric. The elastic band(s) may then be placed inside the shapeable material. In some embodiments, foam or memory foam may be added to the other shapeable material (e.g., gel, rubber, sandbag, etc.) to further reduce the pressure of the elastic band and prevent the elastic band from irritating the skin when the elastic band is being pulled against the skin. The shapeable material, in some embodiments, may be squeezable (e.g., the shapeable material may be gel that surrounds an elastic band) to enable a person to squeeze the material and tighten the pressure of the hold in securing the elastic band. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , the ergonomic pillow  5560  may include a back cushion portion  5590  for providing upper head area support as well as lower neck support. An example showing how the shape of the ergonomic pillow  5560  and the back cushion portion  5590  may provide support for the back of the head and neck during work out is described below with reference to  FIG.  56 C . An example showing how the shape of the ergonomic pillow  5560  and the back cushion portion  5590  may provide support for the front of the head during work out is described below with reference to  FIG.  57 D . 
     With continued reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , the ergonomic pillow  5560  may include the side handles  5595 . The side handles  5595  may be made of rubber, silicone, vinyl, plastic, etc. The side handles  5595  may include inner grip padding  5597  and may be covered with wicking fabric (not shown). The inner grip padding  5597  may be made of, for example, and without limitations, silicone, vinyl, and/or foam. The side handles  5595  and the wicking fabric of the ergonomic pillow  5560  may allow a person to have a firm grip with the hands when the person holds the pillow during workout. 
     On each side of the ergonomic pillow  5560  where a side handle  5595  is located, there may be an indenture section (not shown), which may be covered by a material such as, for example, and without limitations, rubber and/or plastic. The indenture section is shown as item  5896  in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C . With reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , each side handle  5595  may be pushed into the corresponding indenture section when not used. Each indenture section may have adequate depth for a corresponding side handle  5595  to be pushed in. When the person decides to use the side handles  5595  to work out, the person may grab the side handles  5595  and may pull them out of the side rubber indentures. A side handle  5595  and the corresponding indenture section may be compared to a luggage handle that may be pushed in and pulled out. It should be noted that some or all of the pillows of the present embodiments may include side handles and/or indentures similar to the side handles  5595  of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 D  and/or indenture section  5896  of  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C . 
     With reference to  FIG.  55 C , the ergonomic pillow  5560  may include one or more (e.g., three, as shown in  FIG.  55 C ) connection loops  5580  that may be attached to a webbing strap  5582  that may be sewn into the wicking fabric that covers the ergonomic pillow  5560 . For example, the webbing strap  5582  may be sewn over a portion of the connection loops  5580  to hold the connection loops  5580  in place. The connection loops  5580  may be made of metal (e.g., steel, iron), plastic, etc., and may be covered with wicking fabric. The loops  5580  may be, for example, and without limitations, D rings, loop rings, or similar connectors. The connection loops  5580 , in some embodiments, may be detachable from the webbing strap  5582 . Some embodiments may include one or more webbing loops (not shown) instead of the connection loops  5580 . For example, the webbing loop may be sewn over the webbing strap  5582   5582  and/or onto the pillow  5560 , and may function similar to the connection loops  5580 . 
     The connection loops  5580  may allow connecting the elastic band  5501  to the ergonomic pillow  5560 . For example, the elastic band  5501  may be slid through the loops  5580 . The ergonomic pillow  5560  may be placed behind the head (e.g., as described below with reference to in  FIGS.  56 A- 56 C ). The loops  5580  may also be used to connect additional elastic bands (not shown) for arm and abdominal exercises. 
     As another example, the person may use a snap hook to attach one side of the elastic band(s) that has a snap hook to one of the loops  5580  and other end of the elastic band that may have another snap hook may be connected to an anchor wall mount to perform hand/arm exercise. The person may stand sideways with the legs wide apart and slightly bent (similar to a baseball stance). 
     The person may then grab the side handles  5595  of the ergonomic pillow  5560  with the hands and may step away from the anchor wall mount to about to 2-4 feet, while the person is holding the ergonomic pillow  5560  in front of the person&#39;s body. The arms may be extended out, straight in front of the chest area. The person may pull on the elastic band as the person holds the ergonomic pillow  5560 , swinging the arms sideways and rotating the hips (as if the person is hitting a baseball). As the person repeats the swinging motion back and forth, the elastic band may create contraction to the muscles in the arms, chest, abdominal areas. 
     The ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments, may include a pouch/pocket  5584  that may be located in the back of the pillow. The pocket  5584  may be used to insert weights  5586  which may enhance the level of the strengthen conditioning. The pocket  5584  may include an opening  5588  that may be secure by, for example, and without limitations, a zipper, a loop-and-hook fastener, snap buttons, etc. 
     The pocket  5584  may further be used for placing personal items such as keys, ID cards, wallet, etc. The ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments, may include more than one pocket  5584  on the back. In addition to, or in lieu of the pockets in the back, the ergonomic pillow  5560  may include one or more pockets in front (not shown), for example, to allow insert hot or cold packs. As the person places the head and neck on the ergonomic pillow  5560 , the hot/cold pack(s) may reduce inflammation or swelling. In addition to, or in lieu of the pockets mentioned above, the ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments, may include one or more pockets on the side of the pillow (not shown). 
     The ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments, may include several (e.g., four) nonelastic webbing loops  5589  located on the back the of the ergonomic pillow  5560 . At the end of each nonelastic webbing loop  5589 , a fastening buckle strap (not shown) may be connected. A fastening buckle strap (not shown) may be connected to a webbing loop  5589  on the top and a webbing loop  5589  at the bottom of the ergonomic pillow  5560  to secure the ergonomic pillow  5560  in a folded position (e.g., as described below with reference to  FIG.  57 A ). 
       FIG.  55 D  is a back perspective view of  FIG.  55 B  in an embodiment where two webbing straps are used to attach the loops, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  55 D , the ergonomic pillow  5560  may include the same components as the pillow  5560  of  FIG.  55 C , except that the ergonomic pillow  5560  of  FIG.  55 D  may include two webbing straps  5583  and  5593 . The webbing straps  5583  and  5593  may be sewn on the ergonomic pillow  5560 . There may be the openings  5594  on the two sides of the ergonomic pillow  5560  to allow the elastic band  5501  to be slid in the area between the webbing straps  5583  and  5593 . 
     The webbing strap  5583  may include several (e.g., three, as shown in  FIG.  55 D ) openings or holes  5592  to attach the connection loops  5580  to the webbing strap  5583 . For example, the connection loops  5580  may go through the openings/holes  5592 . The connection loops  5580 , in some embodiments, may be, for example, and without limitations, attachable and detachable rings/loops (e.g., D rings, O rings, snap hooks, carabiners, etc.). As described above with reference to  FIG.  55 C , the connection loops  5580  may be used to attach additional elastic bands to the ergonomic pillow  5560  of  FIG.  55 D . 
     In the depicted example of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , the elastic band  5501  includes wicking fabric  5510  on the outside, but no foam padding in the inside. In some embodiments, the elastic band of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C  may include the wicking fabric  5510  and the foam padding  5505  (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  55 A ). The memory foam pillow  5560  may provide support for the neck and head area of a person. The memory foam pillow  5560  may reduce the tension and pressure from a tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band that is being pulled against the neck and shoulder areas. The elastic band  5501  may also include the memory foam and/or gel cushion pads  5570 , which may also include wicking fabric around them 
     The memory foam and/or gel cushion pads  5570  may give support to and may reduce the pressure from elastic band being pulled against the chest and shoulder areas. The pads  5570  may be attached to the elastic band  5501 , for example, and without limitations, by a hook-and-loop fastener webbing strap and/or fastener buckle webbing strap that may be located in the back of the pad (not shown). The length and the overall size of the pads  5570  may vary in different embodiments. For example, some pads may be longer to cover more areas of the upper body. The pads  5570  may include shoulder straps and/or sternum strap with sliding buckles (not shown). The person may adjust the memory foam/gel cushion pad  5570  by moving the pad up or down the elastic band to allow the person to fit the padding to the person&#39;s height. The memory foam pillow  5560  and the pads  5570  may, in some embodiments, be attached to the elastic band  5501  without any outside wicking fabric. The memory foam pillow  5560  may have multiple layers of fabric, not limited to the wicking fabric, for the cover. 
     Instead of the webbing straps  5582 ,  5583 , and  5593  of  FIGS.  55 C and  55 D , the ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments may include several straps (not shown) in the back. The strap(s) may be sewn to the back of the ergonomic pillow  5560 . In these embodiment, the elastic band  5501  may be attached to the ergonomic pillow  5560  by sliding the elastic band  5501  through the back straps of the pillow. The strap(s), in some of these embodiments, may be positioned in a vertical direction. The strap(s), in other embodiments, may be in a crisscross position. The strap(s) may include a cover that conceals the strap from showing. The straps, in some embodiments, may be located on the top and bottom back of the pillow. The strap(s) may be elastic and/or nonelastic webbing straps. 
     In some of the present embodiments, the back straps (not shown) may have sliding buckles to tighten pressure of the straps. In these embodiments, the back straps may be fastened by sliding the hanging end of the strap through the buckle end of the strap. The person may pull the hanging end of the strap through the buckle side of the strap to fasten the strap of the pillow. 
     The ergonomic pillow  5560 , in some embodiments, may have zipper and/or hook-and-loop fasteners (not shown) to remove the pillow&#39;s cover (e.g., the wicking fabric cover). The wicking fabric around the pillow may be sweatproof and waterproof. The cover of the pillow may be taken off and washed, if needed. As described below with reference to  FIGS.  56 A- 56 C , the memory foam pillow with the elastic band may be placed around the person&#39;s neck and head area and the pillow may be used as a workout mechanism. The shape of the memory foam pillow  5560  may vary in different embodiments. Several examples of different shapes of the memory foam pillow  5560  are described below. 
     It should be noted that the ends of all elastic bands of the present embodiments may be connected to a foot/hand strap/brace and/or a memory foam pillow. In some of the present embodiments, the elastic band may be permanently connected to the foot/hand strap/brace and/or a memory foam pillow. Furthermore, the webbing loop may be connected to the elastic band by a grommet/eyelet and/or snap hook. The webbing loop may also be connected to the elastic band by wrapping the webbing loop with tape and/or rubber. The webbing loop may also be sewn onto the elastic band. In some embodiments, the loops may be made of metal, plastic snap hooks, D rings, and/or bungee snap cord like mechanism, or other type of loops disclosed in the present embodiments. In some embodiments, the loops may be made from the elastic band itself. The loops may be made, for example, by making a loop at the ends of the elastic band and securing the loops by wrapping tape around the loops that was/were created. 
     As described below, some embodiments may include one or more horizontal elastic bands that is/are attached to the vertical elastic band. The horizontal band(s) may be elastic or non-elastic and may act as a stabilizer strap. The additional horizontal tubular and/or non-tubular, elastic and/or non-elastic band may give support to the waist line/lower back area of the person. Furthermore, the tubular and/or non-tubular elastic bands, in some embodiments (e.g., as described below with reference to  FIG.  67 A- 57 F ), may include adjusters, which may allow the person to adjust the length of the elastic band. 
       FIG.  56 A  is a functional diagram illustrating an example memory foam pillow with the elastic band being placed around a person&#39;s neck and head areas for a workout, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  56 B  is the back view perceptive of  FIG.  56 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIGS.  56 A- 56 B , the person  5605  may be standing up with the memory foam pillow  5560  behind the neck and head areas. The elastic band  5501  may be attached to the pillow  5560  and to the foot straps/braces  5610 . 
       FIGS.  56 A- 56 B  illustrate how the ergonomic pillow  5560  may contour around the neck and head areas. The back cushion portion  5590  may provide upper head area support as well as lower neck support. The figures also show the memory foam and/or gel cushion pads  5570  that may give support to and may reduce the tension and pressure of the elastic band  5501  against the chest and shoulder areas. As described above with reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , when the person decides to use the side handles  5595  to work out, the person may grab the side handles  5595  and may pull them out of the side rubber indentures (not shown). The person may also push the side handles  5595  into the side rubber indentures (not shown) when the side handles  5595  are not used for an exercise. 
     By having the memory foam pillow  5560  attached to the elastic band  5501 , which is also connected to the person&#39;s foot by the straps/braces  5610 , the elastic band  5501  may cover the distance between the person&#39;s head and foot areas. The elastic band  5501  may extend the frame of the body, giving the person a core and back stretch because of the resistance of the band. 
     The resistance of the band  5501  may also allow the person to correct the person&#39;s posture by arching the back and bringing out the chest. The person may walk and perform exercises comfortability without feeling the pressure of the elastic band around the neck area due to the support of the memory foam pillow and the padding. 
       FIG.  56 C  is a functional diagram illustrating a person lying down on the back with the ergonomic memory foam pillow contouring the shape of the person&#39;s neck, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  56 C , the memory foam pillow  5560  may support the person&#39;s head against the hard surface of the ground. The back cushion portion  5590  of the ergonomic pillow  5560  may provide additional cushioning for the head, allowing the person to lean back in a resting position. 
     Having the ergonomic memory foam pillow  5560  placed around the head area, and having the distance of the elastic band extend from the person head to feet, may result in gaining a stretch to the back, core, and leg areas. By extending outward with the feet, the band  5501  may contract and give assistance to the person in performing different leg and core exercises, such as the leg lift exercise. The leg lift exercise involves the person lifting the legs in the air while the person is lying down on the back. The elastic band  5501  may assist the person in doing legs exercises because of the resistance of the elastic band  5501 . The elasticity of the elastic band  5501  contracting may assist the person in raising up the legs. By using the elastic band  5501 , lying flat down and raising the legs up and down may be a lot easier to achieve, resulting the person to perform more leg lifts. Lifting the legs up and down may work out the abdominal muscles and may strengthen the core and legs at the same time. 
       FIGS.  57 A- 57 D  are functional diagrams illustrating an example of how the memory foam pillow may be used during workout, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. In  FIG.  57 A , a person is shown on the floor with the knees bent. The person may be reaching behind the head and grabbing the side handles  5595  (only one side handle is shown in the side view of  FIG.  56 A ). As described above with reference to  55 B- 55 D, the person may also push the side handles  5595  into the corresponding indenture sections (not shown) and grab the sides of (or the top and the bottom of) the pillow  5560  by the hand. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  57 A- 57 D , the pillow  5560  may be folded. For example, in the embodiments that have the webbing loops  5589  (shown in  FIGS.  55 C- 55 D ), each end of a fastening buckle strap (not shown) may be connected to a webbing loop (not shown) on the top and a webbing loop (not shown) on the bottom of the pillow  5560  to secure the pillow  5560  in the folded position. 
     In the embodiments that do not include the side handles, the pillow may be held by itself. The person may have to concentrate on gripping the pillow with the hands and not letting go. As shown in  FIG.  57 A , the person may grab the side handlebar  5595  on the side edges of the ergonomic pillow and lift the pillow off the neck. This is done by gripping the pillow with the hands, while having the elbows bent. The person may then straighten the elbows having the arm vertically positioned behind the head. By repeating this motion up and down, the person may work out the triceps, shoulder, and abs simultaneously. 
     As shown in  FIG.  57 B , by extending the motion of  FIG.  57 A  and pulling the pillow over the head, the person may perform another exercise similar to an arm pullover and/or arm pulldown. The person may reach back behind the head, lift the pillow over the head, and extend the arms straight out. By repeating the up and down and forward and backwards motion with the ergonomic pillow  5560 , the resistance of the band  5501  may contract the muscles and build strength. This exercise may strengthen the person&#39;s arm, shoulders, chest, and abdominal muscles. 
     With reference to  FIG.  57 B , the person may perform another exercise, by just keeping the pillow  5560  lifted off the neck for a duration of time (e.g., from 10 to 60 seconds). By keeping the pillow upwards, lifted behind the neck, the resistance of the elastic band may contract the muscles building strength in the shoulders, arms, and abdominal areas. Another exercise may be done in the same position shown in  FIG.  57 B . By holding the pillow up forward, in a straight position in front of the face for a duration of time, the person may contract the arm muscles. This workout may strengthen and tone the person&#39;s arm, shoulder, chest, and abdominal areas. The position of this workout may also stretch out the muscles in the abdominal area. Both workouts may also be done standing up. 
     Another exercise may be performed by extending the motion shown in  FIG.  57 C . The person may move the upper body forward, towards the ground, while extending the legs outwards. The person may now be in a horizontal position, holding the pillow with the hands in front and the face towards the ground. This exercise is referred to as planking. Planking is an isometric core strength exercise that a person must keep a position for a duration of time. This position is similar to a push up position, and the person may not allow the core, legs, or face to touch the ground. Only the feet, elbows, or hands may touch the ground during planking. Adding the resistance band to this exercise may give the person an intense workout, resulting in an effective workout by contracting the muscles because of the resistant band. 
     Some embodiments may include wicking fabric with rubber around the memory foam handles to give the person a better grip around the handles (not shown). In addition, the vertical straps (not shown) on the back of the pillow may be elastic and/or non-elastic webbing buckle adjustment straps which may allow securing the elastic band when the pillow is folded. 
     All pillows of the present embodiments may include one or more elastic or non-elastic webbing straps located on the back and/or on the side edges of the pillow. All pillows of the present embodiments may include a snap button mechanism (e.g., four snap buttons  510  as described above with reference to  FIG.  5   ) that may allow snapping the pillow onto the headrest of an ab roller device. 
     Another workout that the person may perform is knee crunches and planks at the same time. The person may keep the hands in the same position, as shown in  FIG.  57 C , and then bend each knee in one at a time towards the chest. Another workout that the person may be able to perform while still being in the same position as shown in  FIG.  57 C , is by extending the arms straight out in front and moving the pillow forward away from the face and back towards the chest area. This exercise may strengthen the arms, shoulders, chest, abs, and leg muscles due to the contraction of the resistance band, resulting in strengthening the muscles in upper and lower body. 
     Following a tense workout in the position as illustrated in  FIG.  57 C , the person may go into position shown in  FIG.  57 D . As shown in  FIG.  57 D , the person may lie down flat on the ground with the face placed against the ergonomic pillow  5560 . The foam pillow may act as a resting tool to support the face. Holding the ergonomic pillow  5560  firmly against the upper chest area may enable the person to work out the legs and glute by curling in the legs back toward the glutes and slowly moving the legs back down towards the ground. By repeating this curling motion of the legs while the elastic band  5501  is connected to the foot brace  5601  and the ergonomic pillow  5560 , the elastic band  5501  may contract the muscles in the legs and glutes and strengthen the hamstrings, glutes, and calve area. 
     The memory foam pillow  5560  in some embodiments may include a built-in waterproof/weatherproof digital monitor (or digital tracker) that may count and/or store statistics, such as, reps, time, calories burnt, etc. The digital monitor may be configured to be located on the side edges of the memory foam pillow  5560 .  FIG.  57 A  shows an embodiment of the memory foam pillow that includes a digital monitor  5710 .  FIG.  57 D  shows an embodiment of the memory foam pillow where the digital monitor  5710  is on the side of the memory foam pillow. In the example of  FIGS.  57 A- 57 D , while the person is performing different exercises with the pillow, the digital monitor  5710  may allow the person to track exercise statistics such as, for example, and without limitations, the person&#39;s heart rate, the number of reps, calories burnt, the number of steps traveled, the time and distance the person traveled, etc. 
     The digital monitor, in some embodiments may include a display, such as, for example, and without limitations, a liquid-crystal (LCD) display. The digital monitor may include a communication port, such as, for example, and without limitations, a universal serial bus (USB) that may be used to connect the digital monitor, by a USB cable, to an external electronic device, such as a desktop computer and/or a mobile device (e.g., a smartphone, a digital watch, a tablet, etc.) in order to upload the exercise results. The digital monitor may also be connected to an external device by the cable to update the software and/or the firmware of the digital monitor. The digital monitor, in some embodiments, may have a wireless transceiver. In these embodiments, the digital monitor may wirelessly communicate with external electronic devices. For example, the exercise statistics may be wirelessly uploaded to an external electronic device and the software and/or the firmware of the digital monitor may be wireless updated. The digital monitor, in some embodiments, may include rechargeable batteries that may be recharged through a cable or wirelessly. The digital monitor, in some embodiments, may include one or more replaceable batteries. 
     In some embodiment, the memory foam pillow may include a rubber and/or a clip (e.g., a plastic clip) to allow attaching and detaching of a digital monitor to the memory foam pillow. In some embodiments, the digital monitor may not have a wired or wireless transceiver to communicate with external devices. The digital monitor and/or the display, in some embodiments, may be battery operated and detachable from the memory pillow. 
       FIGS.  58 A- 58 C  are functional diagrams illustrating example uses of an elastic band attached to a memory foam pillow and a pair of straps/braces for performing lunges, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , the person may connect the elastic band  5501  to a strap/brace such as, for example, and without limitations, the changeable weight straps/braces  5610  that are connected to the feet. The person may place the memory foam pillow  5560  behind the neck and head areas. By having the back cushion portion  5590  of the ergonomic memory foam pillow  5560  supporting the neck and head area, the person may be able to perform an exercise called lunges with a correct posture. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , the side handles (not shown) are pushed into the indenture sections  5896  (in the side view of  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , only one indenture section is shown). The person may place the memory foam pillow  5560  behind the head, which may allow the person to rest the head on the cushioning of the pillow, and at the same time, have the elastic band  5501  connected to the strap/brace  5610  which may be connected around the feet. The person may then lift the right knee up to the hip level, and then come back down on the ground. The person may switch one leg to another, bring up the knees forward to the chest, and jump at the same time, resulting in a skipping motion. By repeating the skipping motion with each leg, the person may perform the lunges exercise. During this work out with the strap/brace  5610  and the elastic band  5501 , which may be attached to the memory foam pillow  5560 , may be similar to doing a plyometric exercise. The extension of the elastic band may also align the back in a straight posture while the person is performing the exercise in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C . 
     The memory foam and/or gel cushion pads  5570  may give support to and may reduce the tension and pressure from the chest and shoulder areas during exercise. The length and the overall size of the pads  5570  may vary in different embodiments. The person may adjust the memory foam/gel cushion pad  5570  by moving the pad up or down the elastic band to allow the person to fit the padding to the person&#39;s height. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , the person may attach the rubber arch platforms  5805  to the bottom of the foot straps/braces  5610 . The rubber arch platforms  5805  may be similar to any rubber arch platform described above with reference to, for example,  FIGS.  45 A- 45 E,  48 A- 48 C,  49 A- 49 C,  51 A- 51 C, and  52   . With reference to  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , when the feet come down, the rubber platform may touch the ground while the back of the person&#39;s foot may not touch ground. Attaching the optional rubber arch platforms  5805  may enhance the workout by placing more pressure to the front of the feet, resulting in having the calf muscles to contract more. The person may then bend the left knee and lift the left leg off the ground towards the chest area followed by the same movements for the right knee and right leg. By repeating this skipping motion, the person may strengthen the muscles in the calves, ankles, feet, abs, upper legs, thighs, hamstrings, glutes, and the lower back. The resistance of the band  5501  may contract the abdominal and leg muscles as the person continues the work out. 
       FIG.  59 A  is functional diagram illustrating an example workout for the arms and latissimus dorsi (lats) in addition to the workout shown in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  59 B  is a perspective view of a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  5910  with an elastic band that may be similar to the elastic band of  FIG.  59 A , with a pair of grip handles attached to the elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  59 C  is a perspective view of the grip handle of  FIG.  59 B , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  59 A- 59 C , the grip handles  5911  may be attachable and detachable. For example, and without limitations, the grip handles  5911  may include the fasteners  5916 . The fasteners  5916  may be, for example, and without limitations, buckles (e.g., any type of buckle described above, with reference to  FIG.  39   ), hook-and-loop fasteners, etc. The grip handles  5911  may be made of elastic or non-elastic webbing material. The grip handles  5911  may include foam or memory foam cushioning  5915  inside the grip handles  5911 . The grip handles  5911  may be covered with sweatproof and/or waterproof wicking fabric  5920 . 
     The snap hooks  5550  may be attached to the webbing loops  5530  to connect the straps/braces  5610  to the elastic band  5501 . In the depicted embodiments, the grip handles  5911  are not permanently attached to the elastic band  5501  and may move up and down on the elastic band  5501 . In other embodiments, the grip handles  5911  may be permanently attached to the elastic band  5501 . 
     The elastic band  5501  may also include the memory foam padding  5940  that may give support around the shoulder and chest areas from the pressure of the memory foam elastic band  5501  being pulled around the neck. The memory foam padding  5940  may be attachable and detachable. For example, and without limitations, the memory foam padding  5940  may include the fastener straps  5941 . The fastener straps  5941  may be, for example, and without limitations, hook and loop fastener straps, and/or buckles straps (e.g., any type of buckle described above, with reference to  FIG.  39   ). 
     With reference to  FIG.  59 A , the side handles (not shown) are pushed into the indenture sections  5896  (in the side view of  FIG.  59 A , only one indenture section is shown). The person may be performing lunges and at the same time may work out the arms and lats. The person may have the elbows bent in a running position while the person is running, jogging, walking, and/or performing the lunges. The person may grab the grip handles  5911  and may push forward on the elastic band  5501  and continuously push forward in diagonal motion and release the contraction of the elastic band  5501 , resulting in having the person contracting the muscles in the arms and abdominal areas. It should be noted that the grip handles  5911  and the memory foam padding  5940  of  FIG.  59 B  may be used with any elastic band of the present embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, the memory foam pillow may include an interior sleeve/pocket that may hold a liquid reservoir (e.g., a water bladder bag).  FIG.  59 D  is a back perspective view of an elastic band that includes a memory foam pillow with a detachable liquid reservoir, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIG.  59 D , the elastic band  5501  may be similar to any of the elastic bands  5501  of  FIGS.  55 A- 55 D . The memory foam pillow  5560  may be similar to any of the memory foam pillows  5560  of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 D . As shown in  FIG.  59 D , the memory foam pillow  5560  may include an interior sleeve/pocket  5950  that may be used to store a liquid reservoir. 
     The interior sleeve/pocket  5950  may have an opening  5951  that may be used to insert and remove the liquid reservoir. The opening  5951  may be secured by, for example, and without limitations, a zipper, hook-and-loop fasteners, one or more buttons, etc. The memory foam pillow  5960  may include an opening  5956  (e.g., on the side of the memory foam pillow) to allow a drinking tube  5955  of a liquid reservoir that is stored inside the sleeve/pocket  5950  to come out of the memory foam pillow. Around the opening  5956 , there may be a leak proof rubber seam  5972 , which may create a snug fit around the drinking tube  5955  to prevent spillage. In some embodiments, the drinking tube hole  5956  may include a rubber gasket seal (not shown) to create a waterproof seal. 
       FIG.  59 E  is a back elevation view of the detachable liquid reservoir of  FIG.  59 D , according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  59 E , the liquid reservoir may be made of a flexible material, such as, for example, and without limitations, flexible plastic. For example, the plastic may be an ultra-durable, abrasion resistant, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and may be sealed tight with high frequency weld during manufacture. The liquid reservoir, in some embodiments, may be bisphenol (BPA) free and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) free and may only include non-toxic material. The liquid reservoir may be pressure-tolerant and leak proof. 
     The flexible reservoir  5960  may substantially fit inside the cavity of the interior sleeve/pocket  5950 . The reservoir  5960  may include a double soldering sealing design that ensures the reservoir to be leakproof. The liquid reservoir  5960  may include an automatic shutoff value  5961 . The drinking tube  5955 , in some embodiments, may include a leak-proof on/off switch,  5957 , a soft bite mouthpiece  5958 , and/or a dust cover  5955 . The body of the reservoir  5960  and the drinking tube  5955 , in some embodiments, may be made with antimicrobial agents to inhibit bacterial growth. In some embodiments, the drinking tube  5955  may include bite valve on/off switches and/or quick disconnecting tubing. 
     The drinking tube  5955 , in some embodiments, may be made of, for example, and without limitations, silicone, and or rubber material. The soft bite mouthpiece  5958  may be a self-seal bite valve mouthpiece to prevent water leaks after each sip. The on/off switch  5957  may prevent leaks when the tube  5955  is not in use. The automatic shutoff valve  5961  on the reservoir  5960  prevents leaking when the tube  5955  is detached from the quick release tube connector  5962 . The reservoir  5960  may include a cap  5963  that may be a wide roll top slide seal top that opens wide for quick refills with a liquid, such as water, and/or ice and seals tight with leak proof seal. Wide opening and rounded corners also make cleaning easy. 
       FIG.  59 F  is a functional diagram illustrating an example use of the liquid reservoir, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the drinking tube  5955  may be used during exercise to keep a person hydrated. The drinking tube  5955  may be a long tube (e.g., more than 35 inches long) with a wide diameter (e.g., quarter inch diameter) to provide a flexible non-kink routing and optimum water flow. The memory form pillow, in some embodiments, may include 420D denier nylon fabric, coated with polyurethane to make the fabric highly water repellent. In some embodiments, the fabric may be made of a waterproof material, such as vinyl (e.g., 18 oz vinyl). The memory foam pillow, in some embodiments, may include a rubber clip  5971  on the side edges of the memory foam pillow to allow the drinking tube  5955  to be held sturdy in upright position, allowing the drinking tube  5955  not to hang or dangle while working out. 
     Several other memory foam pillow elastic band exercise devices are described below with reference to  FIGS.  60 A- 60 C,  61 A- 61 C,  62 A- 62 B,  63 A- 63 B,  64 A- 64 E,  65 A- 65 C,  66 A- 66 E, and  67 A- 67 F . Some or all of the ergonomic memory foam pillows described with reference to these figures may include one or more of the following components of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , such as the side handles  5595 , the pocket(s)  5586 , the webbing loops  5589 , the connections loops  5580 , and/or the webbing straps  5582 ,  5583 ,  5593 , and/or the memory foam/gel cushion pads  5570 . Some or all of the ergonomic memory foam pillows described with reference to these figures may also include the indenture sections of  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C . Some or all of these components may not have been shown in  FIGS.  60 A- 60 C,  61 A- 61 C,  62 A- 62 B,  63 A- 63 B,  64 A- 64 E,  65 A- 65 C,  66 A- 66 E, and  67 A- 67 F  in order to show other details associated with the ergonomic pillows of these figures. Some or all of the ergonomic memory foam pillows described with reference to these figures may also include an interior sleeve/pocket, such as the interior sleeve/pocket  5950  of  FIG.  59 D , to store a liquid reservoir, such as the liquid reservoir  5960  of  FIG.  59 E . These memory foam pillows may include an opening, such as the opening  5956  of  FIG.  59 D  to allow a drinking tube  5955  to come out of the memory foam pillows. 
     The wearable bands/straps of  FIGS.  39 - 54 B , in some embodiments, may include a built in waterproof/weatherproof digital monitor  5710  similar to the digital monitor  5710  of  FIGS.  57 A and  57 D . An example of such digital monitor  5710  is shown in  FIGS.  45 A,  50 A, and  50 B . The digital monitor may allow tracking statistics, such as, for example, and without limitations, the amount of movement with hands and feet, the distance traveled during movement, how fast and powerful the person&#39;s hand and feet movement is during performance, etc. For example, a person may wear the band/straps of the present embodiments on the hand and/or feet, and upon impact of a punching bag, the digital monitor may track how hard and how fast the person&#39;s kick or pushes are. the digital monitor may track other statistics, such as, for example, and without limitations, the calories burnt and how long the person has been working out. 
     In some embodiments, the digital monitor may be configured to track the foot-landing habits of a person. For example in  FIGS.  58 A- 58 C , the digital monitor (not shown) on the strap/band may be configured to track the foot-landing habits as the person is performing plyometrics exercise. In some embodiments, the wearable foot band/straps may include a rubber and/or plastic clip (not shown) that may allow attaching and detaching of a digital monitor from the band/straps. All built digital monitors of the present embodiments may be configured to communicate wirelessly and/or through a wired connection with external electronic devices to upload exercise statistics and/or to receive update to the software and/or the firmware of the digital monitor. 
     The wearable bands/straps of some embodiments may include a clip, such as a rubber or plastic clip (not shown) for attaching and detaching a digital monitor. The digital monitor or the clip may be configured to be located on a sleeve of the wearable bands/straps, on the back (e.g., the heel/ankle section) of a foot strap, and/or on the end of a hand strap (e.g., on the wrist section of the hand strap). 
       FIGS.  60 A- 60 C  are perspective views of three ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise devices, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  60 A- 60 C , the memory foam pillow elastic bands exercise devices  6051 - 6053  may include the elastic bands  6001 - 6003  and the corresponding ergonomic memory foam pillows  6011 - 6013 . The memory foam pillow elastic bands exercise devices  6051 - 6053  may be covered with wicking fabric that may be sweatproof and/or waterproof. The memory foam pillows  6011 - 6013  may be ergonomically U-shaped memory foam pillows and each may have two ergonomic elastic and/or non-elastic webbing sleeve extensions  6015  and  6020  that may allow a person to place the arms into the sleeves  6015  and  6020 . The back portion  6081 - 6083  may provide additional cushioning for the head, allowing the person to lean back the head in a resting position. 
     The sleeves  6015  and  6020 , in some embodiments, may be ergonomic and may include shapeable material such as, for example, and without limitation, memory foam. The sleeves  6015  and  6020  may be covered with wicking fabric  6016 . The ergonomic sleeves  6015  and  6020  may contour around the person&#39;s armpit area and may provide protection for the chest, shoulders, and the armpit areas from the pressure of the elastic band contracting during workout. The distance between the head to the feet, may create pressure against the neck, chest, shoulders, and the armpit area due to the pulling of the corresponding elastic bands  6001 ,  6002 ,  6003 . The memory foam and sleeves  6015  and  6020  may give support and comfort while working out by reducing the amount pressure that is applied by the pulling of the corresponding elastic bands  6001 ,  6002 ,  6003 . 
     It should be noted that by placing an elastic band directly around a person&#39;s neck and attaching the end of the elastic band to the feet, the pressure of the elastic band around neck may be uncomfortable and may hurt the person&#39;s neck. A person, who is exercising with an elastic band that is attached to the feet and placed around the neck, may feel a tight pressure around the shoulder, chest, and armpit. The memory foam pillow resistant bands of the present embodiments resolve the issue of the elastic band(s) being discomforting as well as providing the person a workout device to enhance the person&#39;s workout. 
     With further reference to  FIGS.  60 A- 60 C , the memory foam pillows  6011 - 6013  may have a similar U shape with sleeves, however, each memory foam pillow  6011 - 6013  may have different connectors for connecting to the elastic bands  6001 - 6003 . The memory foam pillows  6011 - 6013 , in some embodiments, may include a corresponding slit (or opening)  6071 - 6073  around the sides of the memory foam pillow  6011 . The slits/openings  6071 - 6073  may have depth, allowing the corresponding elastic bands  6001 - 6003  to be inserted into the slits/openings  6071 - 6073  in the memory foam pillow  6011 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  60 A , the elastic band  6001  may go around (as shown by the dotted line) the memory foam pillow  6011  and the ends of the elastic band  6001  may come out from the front part of the memory foam pillow  6011 . The slit/opening  6071  in the memory foam pillow  6011  may allow a person to tuck/slide/push in, the elastic band  6001  inside the memory foam pillow  6011 . 
     Tucking in the elastic band  6001  into the slits/openings  6071 - 6073  of the memory foam pillow  6011  may allow the elastic band  6001  to be secured. The pillow&#39;s wicking fabric, in some embodiments, may include (not shown) snap buttons (e.g., four snap buttons), hook-and-loop fasteners, and/or zipper sleeves. Once the elastic band  6001  is tucked into the slits/openings  6071 - 6073 , for additional security to prevent the elastic band  6001  from slipping out from the pillow  6011 , the snap buttons, hook-and-loop fasteners, and/or zipper sleeves may allow the person to cover the elastic band  6001 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  60 B , the memory foam pillow  6012  may include two holes  6040 . The edges of the of holes  6040  may be protected and sealed with rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl to allow the holes to hold their shape while the elastic bands are being pulled on around the edges of the openings of the holes  6040 . Each one of the two elastic bands  6002  may be connected to one of the holes  6040 . 
     The person may place the memory foam pillow  6012  around the neck and put the arms through each sleeve  6015 - 6020 , and then connect the ends of each elastic band  6002  through the corresponding hole  6040 . The person may then have the ends of the elastic band  6002  come down to allow the person to grab the ends of the elastic band and connect the ends of the elastic band to the feet. Memory foam pillow elastic band  6052  may also include (not shown) other types of connectors such as steel D rings or other types of connectors described above. 
     The memory foam pillows of the present embodiments play important roles by not only securing the neck while working out and being used as a workout device, but because the elastic band extended from the person&#39;s head to the feet allows the person to keep forming a straight posture by extension of the elastic band. Keeping the back straight may pull on the elastic band(s), resulting in having the elastic band that is attached to the pillow and the feet in aligning the posture of the person standing or laying down. 
     The person may know when the posture is correct by contracting the elastic band as far as possible. The straighter the back is, the tighter the elastic band may contract, resulting in preventing the person from hunching back and allowing a correct posture to be maintained (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  56 A- 56 B ). Furthermore, to secure and tighten the pressure of the sleeves  6015 - 6020 , the sleeve may include (not shown) a hook-and-loop fastener buckle strap and/or a sliding buckle strap to tighten and/or loosen the pressure of the sleeve, allowing the person to adjust the sleeves  6015 - 6020  to fit the person&#39;s size. 
     Some embodiments may include (not shown) additional elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap(s) behind the sleeves  6015 - 6020 . The webbing strap(s) may include hook-and-loop fasteners buckle(s) and/or sliding buckle(s), covered with wicking fabric to allow the person to adjust the tightness of the sleeves  6015 - 6020 . Additional horizontal webbing strap(s) (not shown) may also be included on the back of the sleeves  6015 - 6020 , which may play an important role in having the person keep a correct posture and may act as stabilizer strap(s) to the back of the person, pulling back the shoulders and further aligning the posture. The additional horizontal webbing strap (not shown) may be attached to the back of left side sleeve  6015  and connected to the horizontal webbing buckle strap (not shown) on the back of the right side sleeve  6020 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  60 C , the memory foam pillow elastic band  6053  may include the hooking elements  6060  located on the top front (lower) end of the U-shaped pillow  6013 . The hooking elements  6060  may be similar to any of the hooking elements described above such as, for example, and without limitations, steel D rings, shock (or bungee) cord hook, etc. Each hooking elements  6060  may be connected to one of the two elastic bands  6003 . Some embodiments of the pillows  6011 - 6013  may include a pouch compartment (not shown) for placing to personal items such as, for example, and without limitations, identifications, weights, money, keys, phone, etc. The pouch compartment (not shown) may be located behind the pillows  6011 - 6013  and/or on the side corner edges of the pillows  6011 - 6013 . In some embodiments, (not shown) the pillows  6011 - 6013  may have the pouch compartment located in front of the top middle of the pillow, where the person may rest the head. In other embodiments, (not shown) the pillows  6011 - 6013  may have the pouch compartment located in the middle U-shaped section of the pillow where the person places the neck. 
       FIG.  61 A  is a front perspective view of an ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  61 B  is a back perspective view of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIG.  61 A , according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  61 C  is a functional perspective showing an example of wearing the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIGS.  61 A- 61 B , according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIGS.  61 A- 61 C  show a different way of connecting an elastic band  6105  to a memory foam pillow  6110  by some of the present embodiments. The elastic band may be tubular and/or non-tubular. 
     As shown in  FIG.  61 B , the memory foam pillow elastic band  6151  may include an elastic or non-elastic webbing straps  6120  behind the pillow  6110 . The strap  6120  may be sewn to the pillow  6110 , with a space between the strap, allowing the elastic band  6105  to pass through the space. A person may slide the elastic band  6105  through the strap  6120 . The strap  6120 , in some embodiments, may have cover (not shown), concealing the strap  6120  behind the cover. In some embodiments, the elastic band  6105  may be connected to two webbing loop straps with D rings (not shown) that are connected to the back of the pillow  6110 . The elastic band  6105  may be slid through each D ring located in the back of the pillow  6110 . In other embodiments, the memory foam pillow elastic band  6151  may include side indentures with handles, similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band of  FIG.  59 A . It should be noted that all memory foam pillows of the present embodiments may be connected to one or more webbing loop straps with D rings that are connected to the back of the pillows. 
     Some embodiments may include snap buttons (not shown) behind the pillow  6110 . For example, some embodiments may include four snap buttons located on each corner of the pillow  6110  to allow snapping on the pillow  6110  to the bottom of the headrest of an ab roller device such as the ab rollers of the present embodiments described above. The memory foam pillow elastic band  6151  may be covered with sweatproof and/or waterproof wicking fabric. The elastic band  6105  may be tubular or non-tubular. 
     Some embodiments may include the shapeable material (e.g., gel, rubber, foam, memory foam, sandbag, etc.)  6150  that may be covered with a protection cover made from wicking fabric  6155 . The elastic band  6105  may be placed inside the shapeable material  6150 . The shapeable material, in some embodiments, may be squeezable (e.g., the shapeable material may be gel) to enable a person to squeeze the material and tighten the pressure of the hold in securing the elastic band. The shapeable material may be able to change its shape, allowing a person to bend and stretch the shape, contouring the protection cover to the shape of the person&#39;s body. The wicking fabric  6155  may also include another layer of material (not shown), such as, for example, and without limitations, memory foam and rubber to give more support, which may result in reducing the pressure of the elastic band from irritating the skin. 
     Some embodiments may include several (e.g., three) horizontal hook-and-loop fasteners/buckle webbing straps (not shown) on each side of the elastic band  6105 . The hook-and-loop fasteners buckle webbing straps (not shown) may be located on the outside of the wicking fabric. These webbing straps (not shown) may further secure the elastic band once the elastic band is placed in the cover. Some embodiments may include a pouch compartment (not shown) for placing, for example, and without limitations, personal items such as identifications, money, keys, phone, etc. The pouch compartment (not shown) may be located behind the pillow  6110  and/or on the side corner edges of the pillow  6110 . 
       FIG.  62 A  is a functional front perspective and  FIG.  62 B  is a functional back perspective showing an example of wearing an ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  62 A- 62 B , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6251  may be covered with sweatproof/waterproof wicking fabric  6210 . 
     The memory foam pillow elastic band  6251  may include a memory foam pillow  6211  and an elastic band  6201 . As described above with reference to  FIGS.  55 B- 55 C , the ergonomic pillows of the present embodiments may include material other than foam or memory foam. With reference to  FIG.  62 A , in addition to, or in lieu of foam or memory foam, the memory foam pillow  6211  may include shapeable material such as, for example, and without limitations, gel, rubber, foam, memory foam, sandbag, etc., that may be covered with wicking fabric  6210 . The elastic band  6201  may then be placed inside the shapeable material. In some embodiments, foam or memory foam may be added to the other shapeable material(s) (e.g., gel, rubber, etc.) to further reduce the pressure of the elastic band  6201  and prevent the elastic band from irritating the skin when the elastic band is being pulled against the skin. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  62 B , the ergonomically designed pillow  6211  may have a narrow back  6270 , preventing a person from having a bulky pillow around the neck. As shown, the pillow  6211  may fit as a narrow loop behind the neck. Some embodiments may include one or more (e.g., two, four, etc.) snap on buttons  6260  at the ends of each side of the cover. The snap on buttons  6260  may be used to fasten and secure the pillow  6211  around the neck. It should be noted that all pillows of the present embodiments may include snap on buttons similar to the snap on buttons  6260  to fasten and secure the pillows around the neck. 
     Some embodiments of the ergonomically designed pillow  6211 , in order to fasten and secure the pillow  6211  around the neck, may include (not shown) buckle webbing straps, such as elastic and/or non-elastic hook-and-loop fastener buckle straps, sliding belt buckle straps, or other type of buckles that may be attached to the webbing straps described above with reference to  FIG.  39   . The pillow  6211 , in some embodiments, may be squeezed and the shapeable material (for example, and without limitations, gel/rubber/foam/memory foam, etc.) may hold its form. By squeezing and compacting the shapeable material together, the person may be able to form the material into a substantially circular shape. 
     In order to have more cushioning behind the head, the person may just turn the front side of the pillow  6251  (that has more shapeable material) backwards and may compact the shapeable material into a substantially circular shape, and lay the head on top of it. Alternatively, the person may just squeeze additional shapeable material towards the back of the neck. The ergonomic pillow with shapeable material provides the advantage of contouring to the shape of the neck and head, giving the person support and comfort by fitting exactly to the shape of the person&#39;s neck and head. 
       FIG.  63 A  is a functional front perspective and  FIG.  63 B  is a functional back perspective showing an example of wearing a U-shaped ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure.  FIG.  63 C  is a top view of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device of  FIGS.  63 A- 63 B . With reference to  FIGS.  63 A- 63 C , the U-shaped ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6351  may include an ergonomic memory foam pillow  6315  and an elastic band  6301 . The memory foam pillow  6315  and the elastic band  6301  may be covered with wicking fabric  6305 . In  FIG.  63 A , a portion of the tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band  6301  that is covered is shown by dotted lines. 
     The memory foam pillow  6315 , in some embodiments, may include a slit (or opening)  6310  in the memory foam (or other shapeable material described above). The slit/opening  6310  may create depth by allowing the person to tuck in the elastic band  6301  into the slit/opening  6310  of the memory foam pillow  6315 . The memory foam pillow elastic band device  6351 , in some embodiments, may include (not shown) elastic and/or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners buckle and/or zipper strip on the outside and/or inside to secure the elastic band from coming out of the slit/opening. 
     The memory foam pillow  6315  may include an opening  6320  with two holes on the back of the memory foam pillow  6315 . The opening  6320  may be sealed with rubber to hold its shape and may be covered with wicking fabric. The opening  6320  may allow weaving the elastic band  6301  from the one hole through the other hole, securing the elastic band  6301  around the pillow. 
       FIGS.  64 A- 64 E  are front perspectives showing five examples of the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic bands exercise devices, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  64 A- 64 E , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise devices  6451 - 6454  may include the ergonomic memory foam pillows  6411 - 6415  and the elastic bands  6401 - 6405 , respectively. 
     The ergonomic memory foam pillows  6411 - 6415  may include shapeable material (for example, and without limitations, foam, memory foam, gel, rubber, sandbag, or a combination of two or more of these material). The ergonomic pillows  6411 - 6415  may be covered with wicking fabric  6470 . The elastic bands  6401 - 6405  may be tubular and/or non-tubular. The elastic bands  6401 - 6405 , in some embodiments, may be covered with sweat resistant, and/or waterproof, breathable wicking fabric. In other embodiments, the elastic bands  6401 - 6405  may not be covered with wicking fabric. 
     The pillows  6411 - 6415  may include two elastic and/or non-elastic webbing straps (not shown) on the outside of the wicking fabric. The webbing straps (not shown) may also be covered with wicking fabric and rubber. In some embodiments, these straps may have buckles at each end of the webbing strap(s) that may allow attaching additional elastic band(s) to work out the hands. The pillows  6411 - 6415 , in some embodiments, may include grip handle(s) (not shown) that may be used to hold the pillow with hands during workout. The grip handle(s) (not shown) may be similar to the side handles  5595  of  FIGS.  55 B- 55 D . The grip handles may be made, for example, and without limitations, from plastic, rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl. 
     The back of the pillows  6411 - 6415  may include (not shown) an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap with snap buttons (e.g., four snap), which may allow the pillow to be attached to an ab roller headrest for extra cushioning. The pillows  6411 - 6415  may be also be placed on the lower back, under the feet, glute area, and/or behind the knee area while working out. 
     As shown in  FIG.  64 A , the pillow  6411  may have slits/openings  6490  that may allow the elastic band  6401  to be tucked into the pillow  6411 . In some embodiments, at the two ends of the pillow  6411 , there may be two elastic or non-elastic webbing sleeves  6440 . The sleeves  6440  may include memory foam and may be covered with wicking fabric. The sleeves  6440  may protect the person&#39;s shoulder and chest areas from the elastic band  6401  pulling on the skin of the person while working out. In the embodiments that the pillow  6411  is made of shapeable material, the elastic band  6401  may be tucked into the shapeable material. 
     The pillow  6412  in  FIG.  64 B  may be made of shapeable material such as, for example, and without limitations, foam, memory foam, sandbag, and/or gel and may be covered with wicking fabric  6470 . The pillow  6412  may be squeezed. After squeezing, the shapeable material of the pillow  6412  may hold its form. By squeezing the shapeable material may compact the together to form a  FIG.  8    shape. 
     The pillow  6412  may include several (e.g., two, four, etc.) snap in buttons  6445 , a hook-and-loop fastener, and/or a webbing strap buckle to secure the pillow around the person&#39;s neck. The pillow  6412 , in some embodiments, may include a loop ring or a D ring (e.g., and without limitations made of metal such as steel, plastic, etc.)  6447  that may be used to attach additional elastic bands to work out the hands. The pillow  6412  may include a sleeve or lining  6449 , which is an opening that allows sliding the elastic band  6402  through. 
     With reference to  FIG.  64 C , the pillow  6413  may be made of memory foam and may be covered with wicking fabric  6470 . The elastic band  6403  may be placed through two side openings/holes  6450  (in the perspective view of  FIG.  64 C , the side opening/hole located on the left side of the perspective view is not shown). Around the edges of the two opening/holes  6450  may be sealed with rubber (not shown), allowing the two openings/holes  6450  to maintain their shape. The elastic band  6403  may be slid from one opening/hole to the other. Some embodiments may include rubber  6459  around the pillow  6413  for the pillow to hold its shape. 
     With reference to  FIG.  64 D , the pillow  6414  may include shapeable material (e.g., foam, memory foam, gel, rubber, sandbag, or a combination of two or more of these materials) and may be covered with the wicking fabric  6470 . The elastic band  6404  may be placed through an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap. The webbing strap (not shown) may be sewn to the back of the pillow  6414 . In the pictured orientation, the webbing strap may be located from the left edge to the right edge of the pillow  6414  and may be located on the back middle section of the pillow. There may be a space between the webbing strap and the pillow  6414  to pass the elastic band  6494  through. The webbing strap, in some embodiments, may also include a cover to conceal the elastic band in the back of the pillow  6414 . The pillow  6414 , in some embodiments, may include two or more loop rings or D rings (not shown) for the elastic band  6404  to pass through. 
     With reference to  FIG.  64 E , the pillow  6415  may include shapeable material (e.g., foam, memory foam, gel, rubber, sandbag, or a combination of two or more of these materials) and may be covered with the wicking fabric  6470 . The pillow  6415  may have elastic or non-elastic webbing sleeve  6491  on the pillow  6415  The webbing sleeve  6491  may have an opening  6492  at each of the two ends of the pillow  6415  that allows the elastic band  6405  to be inserted into the webbing sleeve  6491 . The webbing sleeve  6491  may be covered with wicking fabric, and may protect the person&#39;s shoulder and chest areas from the elastic band pulling on the skin of the person while working out. The webbing sleeve  6491  may also secure the elastic band  6405  from slipping out of the pillow  6415 . 
     In some embodiments that the pillow  6411  is made of shapeable material, the elastic band  6401  may be tucked into the shapeable material. In the embodiments that the shapeable material in the pillow is squeezable (for example, and without limitations, gel), the elastic band  6405  may be tucked into the squeezable material. 
     It should be noted that all pillows of the present embodiments may be made of squeezable material (e.g., gel) and the elastic band may be tucked into the squeezable material. Furthermore, all pillows of the present embodiments may be made of foam, memory foam, rubber, and/or sandbag, and the elastic band may be placed through an elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap, one or more loop rings, and/or one or more D rings attached to the pillow. 
       FIG.  65 A  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two pieces of memory foam padding, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  65 A , the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6551  may include an ergonomic memory foam pillow  6511  and an elastic band  6501 . The ergonomic memory foam pillow  6511  may include two rubber boards  6505  and  6510  made with memory foam padding and may be covered with wicking fabric  6517 . The ergonomic memory foam pillow  6511  may include an additional layer  6518  of memory foam covered by wicking fabric. 
     The pillow  6511  may be folded by the middle rubber frame  6590  that connects the two boards  6505  and  6510  made with memory foam padding. The two boards  6505 - 6510  may create a sturdy backing. The boards  6505 - 6510  may be made of, for example, and without limitations, plastic, rubber, PVC, silicone, and/or vinyl padding. The middle rubber frame  6590 , in some embodiments, is bendable. For example, a person may place the pillow memory foam elastic band  6551  on the edge of a jacuzzi or pool. The person may receive support from the pillow  6511  when placing the neck on corner edges of the jacuzzi, on corner edges of the pool, or on the back of a chair. 
     The pillow  6511  may also support the lower neck/upper back area of the person. The pillow  6511  may contour to the back of the neck. The tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band  6501  may be connected to the pillow  6511  by sliding the elastic band  6501  through the two side openings/holes  6520  (only one opening/hole is shown). The two openings/holes  6520  may be located in the middle of the pillow  6511  where the pillow  6511  may fold. Some embodiments of pillow  6551 , may include an elastic webbing loop strap (not shown) that may connect the two boards  6505  and  6510 , and at the same time allow the elastic band  6501  to slide through the webbing loop strap. 
       FIG.  65 B  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with three pieces of memory foam padding, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  65 B , the ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6552  may include an elastic band  6502  and three memory foam padding pieces  6525 - 6535  that may be covered with wicking fabric  6544 . 
     The two pieces of memory foam  6525  and  6535  may cover the side of the neck area and the middle piece  6530  may support the head and lower neck area of the person. The three pieces  6525 - 6535  may be placed on the padding board  6540  that may be made of PVC, rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl. 
     There may be a fold or a webbing strap  6545  and  6550  in between the middle memory foam  6530  and each adjacent memory foam  6525  and  6535 , respectively. The folds or webbing straps  6545 - 6550  may allow the two side pieces  6525  and  6535  to fold in. The tubular and/or no-tubular elastic band  6502  may connect to the pillow  6512  by sliding the elastic band  6502  through the two-side openings/holes  6560  (only one opening/hole is shown). The openings/holes  6560  may be located on the side edges of the of the pillow  6512 . The edges of the of the two openings/holes  6560  may be covered with PVC, rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl, which may allow the openings/holes  6560  to keep their shape. All pillows of the present embodiments may give orthopedic support to the neck, and/or lower back area of the person. 
       FIG.  65 C  is a front perspective showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIG.  65 C , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6553  include an ergonomic memory foam pillow  6513  and an elastic band  6503 . The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6553  may be covered with wicking fabric (not shown). 
     The elastic band  6503  may be placed through the two openings/holes  6570  (only one opening/hole is shown). The edges of the openings/holes  6570  may be covered with PVC, rubber, silicone, and/or vinyl, which may allow the holes to keep their shape. The ergonomic memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6553 , in some embodiments, may include one or more elastic and/or non-elastic webbing straps (not shown), which may be located in the back of pillow  6513  to allow the elastic band to slide through. The webbing strap(s) on the back of the pillow  6513  may also conceal the elastic band  6503 . The elastic band  6503 , in some embodiments, may be connected to two metal (e.g., steel) rings (not shown) that may be located in the back or on the side of the pillow  6513 . The two rings may be attached to the webbing strap(s) and attach to the back and or side of the pillow  6513 . 
       FIG.  66 A  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 B  is a back elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with grip handles and inner loop straps, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With reference to  FIGS.  66 A- 66 B , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6651  may be covered with wicking fabric. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6651  may include the grip handles  6610 . The grip handles  6610  may be similar to the grip handles  5911  of  FIGS.  59 A- 59 C ). 
     The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6651  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  5910  of  FIG.  59 B , except that the ends of the memory foam pillow elastic band  6651  are not made with a hook/loop strap. Instead, the ends of the memory foam pillow elastic band  6651  are made with an elastic and/or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners/buckle webbing strap  6620  that may be placed around the foot and/or hand. The elastic and/or non-elastic webbing strap  6620  may be covered with wicking fabric (not shown). 
     The webbing strap  6620  may include a buckle side and a side opposite to the buckle side. The two sides of the webbing strap  6620  may be independently sewn onto the wicking fabric (not shown) of the elastic band  6601 . The two sides of webbing strap  6620  may be connected together by sliding the end of the hook-and-loop fasteners webbing strap  6640  into the strap buckle  6645 . The person may adjust the size of the webbing strap  6620  to fit secure around a person&#39;s feet and/or hands. 
     The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6651  may include the inner memory foam padding  6635 . The padding  6635  may give the person support and comfort when the person places the foot inside a foot/hand strap. The memory foam pillow elastic band  6651  may include the inner elastic and/or non-elastic loop webbing strap  6660  that may include a hook-and-loop fastener buckle/sliding buckle straps (not shown), allowing the person to adjust the inner loop  6660  to fit around the person&#39;s foot. The purpose of the inner loops are to prevent the outside strap from hitting the top of the foot and/or ankle as the hard edges of the elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop may scrape the top of the foot and ankle. 
       FIG.  66 C  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 D  is a back elevation view showing another memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device without inner loops, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. With further reference to  FIGS.  66 C- 66 D , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6652  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6651  of  FIGS.  66 A- 66 B , except that the memory foam pillow elastic band  6652  may not include the inner loops (e.g., the inner loops  6660  of  FIGS.  66 A- 66 B ). The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6652 , in some embodiments, may be covered with wicking fabric (not shown). 
       FIG.  66 E  is a front elevation view and  FIG.  66 F  is a back elevation view showing another memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a snap hook, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6653  may be covered by the wicking fabric  6670 . The ends of the memory foam pillow elastic band  6653  may include a snap hook and/or a shock (bungee) cord hook  6675 , that may be attached and secured by tape and/or rubber  6680 . In some embodiments, the snap hook and/or a shock (bungee) cord hook  6675  may be sewn onto the wicking fabric  6670 . 
     In some embodiments, the ends of the elastic band  6603  may also include elastic and/or non-elastic loops  6675  that may be made of the elastic and/or non-elastic band itself. In some embodiments, the loops  6675  may be made by making a loop at the ends and securing the loop by wrapping a tape around the loop that was created. As shown, the tape  6680  may be wrapped around the end of the elastic band  6603  to secure the snap hook/bungee shock cord like hook/elastic loop  6675 . It should be noted that all elastic bands of the present embodiments may also be designed with foot/hand strap/brace directly connected onto the elastic band, making the foot/hand brace permanent. 
       FIG.  67 A  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic loop band attached to the middle of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown, the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6751  may include a vertical elastic band  6701  and a middle horizontal elastic loop band  6705 . The middle horizontal elastic loop band  6705  may be attached to approximately the middle of the vertical elastic band  6701 . The elastic band  6701  may or may not be covered with wicking fabric in different embodiments. 
     When a person&#39;s knees are placed inside the middle horizontal elastic loop band  6705  (e.g., when the person performs an exercise called side to side squats), the middle horizontal elastic loop band  6705  may allow the person to enhance the stretch and exercise. The middle horizontal elastic loop band  6705  may contract the leg muscles more, when the person moves side to side since the elastic band is positioned horizontally. The person may be getting two bands into one elastic band by adding the horizontal elastic loop band  6705  to the vertical elastic band  6701 . 
     Other exercises that may be enhanced because of the middle horizontal elastic loop band are knee crunches and a butterfly stretch. While having the vertical elastic band  6701  attached to the foot, the person may do legs raises. The person may then transition into knee crunches by bending in the knees and moving the knees in and out away from the chest. Because of the middle elastic loop band  6705 , the person may be able to enhance the knee crunches by placing the knees inside the middle elastic loop band  6705 , which may create more security around the legs in performing this exercise. 
     Repeating this back and forth motion of the knees, going in and out away from the chest, may result in contracting the muscles in the abdominal area. The person may then be able to transition into a butterfly stretch. This stretch may be done by bending the knees and placing the knees sideways inside the middle elastic loop band  6705 . Once the knees are secured, the placement of the foot may be positioned and the bottom of the two feet may be touching each other. The person may apply downward pressure with the knees on the elastic loop band  6705 . This movement may contract the bands, which may result in stretching out the hips, glutes, and abdominal areas. 
     In should be noted that all horizontal bands of the present embodiments may be attached to a vertical elastic band that may or may not have a foot/hand strap/brace on it. In some embodiments, the horizontal bands may be directly attached to the vertical elastic band by wrapping tape. In some embodiments, the horizontal bands may be attached to the vertical elastic band by melting the bands together. In some embodiments the horizontal band may be covered by wicking fabric and may be sewn onto the wicking fabric of the vertical elastic band. 
     In some embodiments, the horizontal bands may be attached to the vertical elastic band by a hook/loop element that may hook onto each side of the vertical elastic band and side of the horizontal elastic. In these embodiments, the wicking fabric may have a ring looping mechanism located on both sides. The hook/loop elements may be sewn into the layer of webbing loop that is attached to the wicking fabric. In some embodiments the hook/loop elements may be directly sewn onto the wicking fabric. The ring looping mechanism may include, for example, and without limitations, a plastic and/or steel D ring loop and both ends of the horizontal elastic band may include a shock (or bungee) cord hook, snap hook, and/or an elastic or non-elastic webbing loop. The ring looping mechanism may be located on the middle section of the wicking fabric of the vertical elastic band, and may be used to connect the ends of an elastic horizontal band that has a snap hook. 
     In the embodiments that the ends of the horizontal band include webbing loops, the person may be able to connect the end of the webbing loops of the horizontal band to a D ring located on the vertical elastic band with a snap hook. The horizontal elastic band may also be attached to the inner sides of the vertical elastic band by having both ends of the horizontal elastic band to include elastic or non-elastic hook-and-loop fasteners buckle straps/sliding buckles, in which the person may strap the ends of the horizontal elastic band to the vertical elastic band. This may allow the horizontal elastic band to be slidable, moving up and down the vertical elastic band. Another embodiment (not shown) may include a railing mechanism on the wicking fabric with hook/loop mechanism to allow moving the hook/loop mechanism up and down the on the wicking fabric. A person may choose where to attach the horizontal band to the vertical elastic band. It should be noted that all wicking fabric around the elastic bands of the present embodiments may be made with the railing mechanism. 
       FIG.  67 B  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic band attached to the middle of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6752  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band  6751  of  FIG.  67 A , except the middle horizontal elastic band  6710  is a tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band instead of an elastic loop band. The middle horizontal elastic band  6710  may also be covered with wicking fabric. 
     The middle horizontal elastic band  6710  may allow the person to grab, fit, and secure the hands and/or feet, ankles, and thighs. The middle elastic band  6710  may allow the person to perform another exercise referred to as the V sit up. The V sit up may be performed by the person lying on the back and lifting the legs up in the air, and at the same time pulling on the middle band with the hands over the head and then back down as the legs move back down. 
       FIG.  67 C  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with a middle horizontal elastic band attached to the lower part of a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6753  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6751  of  FIG.  67 A , except that the middle tubular and/or non-tubular elastic band  6730  is placed on the lower part (instead of the middle) of the vertical elastic band  6703 , which is located close by the ankles. The middle elastic band  6730  may be a loop or non-loop elastic band. 
     The placement of the middle horizontal elastic band  6730  at the lower part makes a difference in the work out. The middle horizontal elastic band  6730  being close to the ankle area, may allow the person to feel a wider stretch, by having the horizontal band contract further horizontally allowing the person to enhance the leg spilt. As the person performs leg spilt, the horizontal elastic band that is located on the lower part of the vertical elastic band, may contract the leg and glute muscles. This exercise may allow the person to improve the lateral movement. 
       FIG.  67 D  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two middle horizontal elastic bands attached to a vertical elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6754  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6753  of  FIG.  67 C , except that the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6754  includes two horizontal middle elastic bands  6750 - 6755  that are attached to the vertical elastic band  6704 . 
     Either one, or both of, the two middle horizontal elastic bands  6750 - 6755  may be a loop elastic band or a non-loop elastic band. The ends of the vertical elastic band  6704  may include an elastic or non-elastic webbing loop straps  6780  that may be covered with wicking fabric (not shown). It should be noted that the end of the elastic bands of the present embodiments may vary and may be similar to any of the endings described herein. It should also be noted that the elastic bands of the present embodiments may be tubular or non-tubular. 
       FIG.  67 E  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with two vertical elastic bands that are attached to a lower middle horizontal elastic band, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6755  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6754  of  FIG.  67 D , except that the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6755  includes two additional vertical tubular and/or non-tubular elastic bands  6791 - 6792  that may be attached to the lower middle horizontal elastic band  6755 . 
     In  FIG.  67 E , the two hanging vertical elastic bands  6791 - 6792  may be attached to the lower horizontal elastic band  6755  the same way as the lower horizontal elastic band  6755  is connected to the vertical elastic band  6705 . The ends of the two-hanging elastic bands  6791 - 6792  may include elastic and/or non-elastic webbing loop straps  6745 , which may allow connecting different foot/hand straps/braces. 
     In some embodiments, the vertical bands  6791 - 6792 , which are attached to the lower horizontal elastic band  6755 , may also be permanently attached to foot/hand straps/braces. The ends of the two hanging vertical elastic bands  6791 - 6792  may be similar to different ends that were described above. The advantage of the two hanging elastic bands  6791 - 6792  is that the person may be able to grab the two hanging elastic bands  6791 - 6792  and create more contraction to the legs, arms, and abdominal areas by pulling and holding the two elastic bands with the hands and at the same time pushing out with the knees performing knee crunches. 
       FIG.  67 F  is a front elevation view showing a memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device with horizontal elastic band that includes two hanging ends, according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6756  may be similar to the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6754  of  FIG.  67 D , except that in the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6756 , the horizontal elastic band  6750  may include hanging ends  6795  that may include the webbing loop straps  6746 . The person may then be able to attach foot/hand strap/brace of the person&#39;s choice. In some embodiments, the hanging ends  6795  may include a non-detachable handle strap. The horizontal band  6750  of  FIG.  67 F  may be placed behind the person&#39;s back during working out. The person may grab the two ends  6795  of the elastic band  6750  that are around the back and the person and may move the arms slowly out in front of them, resulting in the band to contract the chest and shoulder muscles. This exercise may be done laying down and/or standing. With further reference to  FIG.  67 F , the memory foam pillow elastic band exercise device  6756  may include two hanging vertical elastic bands (not shown) similar to the two hanging vertical elastic bands  6791 - 6792  of  FIG.  67 E . 
     In a first aspect, an abdominal exercise device is provided. The abdominal device comprises: a frame comprising a top frame section, a middle frame section connected to the top frame section, and a bottom frame section connected to the middle frame section, the middle frame section having a curved shape for creating a teeter-totter movement during exercise; a headrest connected to the bottom frame section; a plurality of connectors for connecting elastic bands to the frame; an elastic band connected to at least two connectors in the plurality of connectors, the elastic band comprising a first end configured to connect to a first strap and a second end configured to connect to a second strap; the exercise device configured to create the teeter-totter movement to exercise the abdominal muscles in response to: a person lying down in supine position with the back of the person&#39;s head on the headrest and the person&#39;s feet in the two straps; the person applying a downward pressure with the feet to the straps to move the headrest from a resting position; and the person removing the downward pressure with the feet to allow the headrest to go back to the resting position. 
     In an embodiment of the first aspect, the headrest comprises a head cushion comprising shapeable material comprising at least one of memory foam and gel; an adjustable spring lock comprising a top section connected to the head cushion, and a bottom section connected to the bottom frame section of the exercise device, the top and bottom sections of the adjustable spring lock configured to move up and down with pressure applied by the neck and head of the person during exercise. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the adjustable spring lock further comprises: a slider fitted over the top section of the adjustable spring lock for adjusting a position of the head cushion over the top section of the adjustable spring lock; and a knob to tighten the head cushion to the top section of the adjustable spring lock. 
     An embodiments of the first aspect further comprises one or more railings across the frame, each railing for adjusting a location of one or more connectors in the plurality of connectors, each railing comprising: a plurality of slots; a bracket for sliding across the corresponding railing, wherein a connector in the plurality of connectors is connected to each railing&#39;s bracket; and a locking element comprising one of a pin and a push in button configured to lock the bracket in a slot in the plurality of slots. 
     Another embodiments of the first aspect further comprises: two armrests, each armrest comprising a top surface for placing one of an arm, an elbow, and a hand, wherein the top surface of each armrest comprises a curvature configured to create a teeter-totter movement on the exercise device when the person applies downward pressure to the armrest and releases the downward pressure on the armrest. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, said two connectors are located on one of the top frame section and the middle frame section. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the plurality of connectors comprises at least one of a loop connector, a hook connector, and a latch connector. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the plurality of connectors comprises a plurality of holes made in the frame of the exercise device for connecting an elastic band. 
     Another embodiments of the first aspect further comprises a memory foam pillow attached to an elastic band, the elastic band comprising a first end connected to a first connector located on the middle frame section and a second end connected to a second connector located on the middle frame section, the memory foam pillow configured to: support the person&#39;s chest during a pushup exercise when the abdominal exercise device is turned upside down; and support the person&#39;s glute area during a dip exercise when the abdominal exercise device is turned upside down. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the top frame section comprises first and second segments configured to change a width of the exercise device, wherein the first segment is hollow and comprises a larger interior diameter than an exterior diameter of the second segment, wherein the first segment comprises a plurality of slots and the second segment a push in button to allow the second segment to fit into a portion of the first segment. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the bottom frame section comprises first and second segments configured to change a width of the exercise device, wherein the first segment of the bottom frame section is hollow and comprises a larger interior diameter than an exterior diameter of the second segment of the bottom frame section, wherein the first segment of the bottom frame section comprises a plurality of slots and the second segment of the bottom frame section comprises a push in button to allow the second segment of the bottom frame section to fit into a portion of the first segment of the bottom frame section. 
     Another embodiments of the first aspect further comprises: a telephone holder comprising: a spring loaded C-shaped frame for holding a cellular phone; a shaft comprising a plurality of segments, wherein an inner diameter of a first section of the shaft is substantially the same as an outer diameter of a second, adjacent, section such that second section telescopically slides within the first section; and a rolling ball connecting the C-shaped frame to the shaft, the rolling ball configured to rotate the C-shaped frame in a vertical plane. 
     In a second aspect, an abdominal exercise device is provided. The abdominal exercise device comprises: a frame comprising: a curved shaped section for creating a teeter-totter movement to exercise the abdominal muscles; and a plurality of slots, wherein at least a portion of an interior of the frame is hollow; a set of one or more band retractors; a plurality of bands, at least a portion of each band going through the hollow interior of the frame, each band comprising first and second ends, the first end of each band connected to a band retractor in the set of band retractors, and the second end of each elastic band coming out of a slot in the plurality of slots; wherein each band retractor is configured to retract one or more bands that are connected to the band retractor into the hollow interior of the frame. 
     An embodiments of the second aspect further comprises: a plurality of webbing loops, each webbing loop connected to the second end of a band, wherein each webbing loop is configured to connect to a strap by a snap hook. 
     Another embodiments of the second aspect further comprises a plurality of connectors comprising one of a snap hook and a shock cord hook, each connector connected to the second end of a band and configured to connect to a strap. 
     Another embodiments of the second aspect further comprises a set of push in buttons, each push in button configured to activate a band retractor in the set of band retractors to retract one or more bands connected to the band retractor. 
     Another embodiments of the second aspect further comprises: a plurality of spools, each spool for winding a corresponding band in the plurality of bands; wherein each band retractor is configured to wind one or more bands around the corresponding spools. 
     In an embodiment of the second aspect, the plurality of bands comprises a plurality of elastic bands. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the band retractors are spring loaded, wherein the plurality of bands comprises a plurality of non-elastic bands, wherein the spring loaded band retractors are configured to create a teeter-totter movement when a person pulls on the non-elastic bands. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the plurality of bands comprise a plurality of pairs of bands, each pair of bands providing a different level of resistance. 
     The above description presents the best mode contemplated for carrying out the present embodiments, and of the manner and process of practicing them, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which they pertain to practice these embodiments. The present embodiments are, however, susceptible to modifications and alternate constructions from those discussed above that are fully equivalent. Consequently, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. On the contrary, the present invention covers all modifications and alternate constructions coming within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. For example, the steps in the processes described herein need not be performed in the same order as they have been presented, and may be performed in any order(s). Further, steps that have been presented as being performed separately may in alternative embodiments be performed concurrently. Likewise, steps that have been presented as being performed concurrently may in alternative embodiments be performed separately.