Patent Publication Number: US-2012035030-A1

Title: Exercise machine for muscle speed and explosiveness

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     Generally, the field of the invention is an exercise machine. Specifically, the field of the invention is an exercise machine that enhances muscle speed and explosiveness. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises at least one weight. 
         FIG. 3   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises a hydraulic device. 
         FIG. 3   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises a pneumatic device. 
         FIG. 3   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises at least one spring. 
         FIG. 3   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises at least one elastic member. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises a friction device. 
         FIG. 5   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises an electromechanical device. 
         FIG. 5   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises a magnetic device. 
         FIG. 5   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises an electromagnetic device. 
         FIG. 5   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises an actuator. 
         FIG. 5   e  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the force resistor comprises a flowing fluid adapted to induce drag. 
         FIG. 6   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one pedal. 
         FIG. 6   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises a platform. 
         FIG. 6   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one padded structural member. 
         FIG. 7   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises a bar. 
         FIG. 7   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one strap. 
         FIG. 7   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one handle. 
         FIG. 8   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises an article of clothing. 
         FIG. 8   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one shoe. 
         FIG. 8   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one glove. 
         FIG. 9   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one pedal, and wherein the force resistor comprises at least one of (a) a hydraulic device, (b) a pneumatic device, (c) at least one weight, (d) at least one spring, and (e) at least one elastic element. 
         FIG. 9   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises a platform, and wherein the force resistor comprises at least one of (a) a hydraulic device, (b) a pneumatic device, (c) at least one weight, (d) at least one spring, and (e) at least one elastic element. 
         FIG. 9   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one padded structural member, and wherein the force resistor comprises at least one of (a) a hydraulic device, (b) a pneumatic device, (c) at least one weight, (d) at least one spring, and (e) at least one elastic element. 
         FIG. 10   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the force resistor comprises at least one cable. 
         FIG. 10   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the trigger mechanism comprises at least one cable. 
         FIG. 11   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the force resistor comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises a bar. 
         FIG. 11   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the trigger mechanism comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises a bar. 
         FIG. 11   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the force resistor comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one handle. 
         FIG. 11   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the trigger mechanism comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one handle. 
         FIG. 11   e  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the force resistor comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one strap. 
         FIG. 11   f  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the coupling between the mechanical force input interface and the trigger mechanism comprises at least one cable, and wherein the mechanical force input interface comprises at least one strap. 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger mechanism comprises a disconnect, wherein the disconnect is adapted to transmit force between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface, wherein the disconnect is further adapted to uncouple the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 13   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the uncoupling of the disconnect has reduced the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 13   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the uncoupling of the disconnect has eliminated the resistance force transmission between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 13   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the uncoupling of the disconnect has changed the direction of the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 14   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment before the action of the trigger mechanism, wherein there is resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 14   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment after the action of the trigger mechanism, wherein the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface has been reduced. 
         FIG. 14   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment after the action of the trigger mechanism, wherein the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface has been eliminated. 
         FIG. 14   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment after the action of the trigger mechanism, wherein the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface has been changed in direction. 
         FIG. 15   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a transmission. 
         FIG. 15   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a transmission wherein the transmission is adapted to control the amount of force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 15   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a transmission wherein the transmission is adapted to control the direction of the force transmitted between the force resistor and the mechanical force input interface. 
         FIG. 16  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger mechanism is coupled to a trigger. 
         FIG. 17   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger comprises a mechanical system. 
         FIG. 17   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger comprises an electronic system. 
         FIG. 17   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger comprises an electromechanical system. 
         FIG. 17   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger comprises processor coupled to an electronic system. 
         FIG. 17   e  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger comprises processor coupled to an electromechanical system. 
         FIG. 18  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the trigger controls the trigger mechanism automatically. 
         FIG. 19  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the user controls the trigger. 
         FIG. 20  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the user controls at least one trigger system and at least one trigger system comprises automatic control. 
         FIG. 21  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a forcing device, wherein the forcing device applies force to the mechanical force input interface assisting the force input into the mechanical force input interface by the user. 
         FIG. 22   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises at least one spring. 
         FIG. 22   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises at least one elastic element. 
         FIG. 22   c  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises an actuator. 
         FIG. 22   d  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises a pneumatic device. 
         FIG. 22   e  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises a hydraulic device. 
         FIG. 22   f  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises an electromagnetic device. 
         FIG. 22   g  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises an electromechanical device. 
         FIG. 22   h  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the forcing device comprises a magnetic device. 
         FIG. 23   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a forcing device, wherein the forcing device applies force to the mechanical force input interface assisting the force input into the mechanical force input interface by the user, represented before the action of the trigger mechanism. 
         FIG. 23   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a forcing device, represented after the action of the trigger mechanism, wherein the action of the trigger mechanism has caused the net force applied to the mechanical force input interface by the force resistor and the forcing device to be in assistance to the force input to the mechanical force input interface by the user. 
         FIG. 24   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a forcing device, wherein the forcing device applies force to the mechanical force input interface assisting the force input into the mechanical force input interface by the user, wherein the trigger mechanism comprises a disconnect. 
         FIG. 24   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment further comprising a forcing device, wherein the trigger mechanism comprises a disconnect, wherein the uncoupling of the disconnect has caused the net force applied to the mechanical force input interface by the force resistor and the forcing device to be in assistance to the force input to the mechanical force input interface by the user. 
         FIG. 25  is a schematic representation of the system of the first preferred embodiment wherein the user inputs force into the mechanical force input interface cyclically, wherein the trigger mechanism is adapted to operate cyclically. 
         FIG. 26  is a flow chart representation of the system of the second preferred embodiment. 
         FIG. 27  is a flow chart representation of the system of the second preferred embodiment wherein the sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user is adapted to occur within the range of motion of a motion of the user and during a motion of the user. 
         FIG. 28  is a flow chart representation of the system of the second preferred embodiment wherein a motion of the user is cyclical and the sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user takes place in the cyclical user motion. 
         FIG. 29   a  is a schematic representation of the system of the third preferred embodiment wherein the exercise device is coupled to the piece of sports equipment. 
         FIG. 29   b  is a schematic representation of the system of the third preferred embodiment wherein the exercise device is integrated into the piece sports equipment. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is intended to enable someone skilled in the prior art to make and use this invention, but is not intended to limit the invention to these preferred embodiments. 
     1. First Preferred Embodiment 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  the exercise machine of the preferred embodiments includes a mechanical force input interface  1  designed to interface with a user  5  and allow the user  5  to input force  4  into the exercise machine; a force resistor  2  that functions to resist force input into the mechanical force input interface  1  by a user  5 ; and a trigger mechanism  3  that functions to cause a sudden change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . The exercise machine of the preferred embodiments is designed to exercise muscles in a way that improves muscle speed, explosiveness, or both. The exercise machine of the preferred embodiments may be configured to exercise any muscle of the body in any motion, providing any muscle in any motion with increased muscle speed, explosiveness, or both. The exercise machine of the preferred embodiments, however, may be used for any suitable purpose. 
     The change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5  into the exercise machine of the system of the first preferred embodiment preferably functions to reduce the resistance force the machine provides against the force input  4  by the user  5 . In a second preferred variation, the change in resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5  functions to provide force assisting the force input  4  by the user  5 , preferably making the motion of the user  5  easier, but alternatively acting in any suitable manner. Alternatively, the change in resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5  functions to change the direction of the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . The change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5  may, however, function in any suitable manner. Preferably the change in resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5  occurs quickly, though it may occur at any suitable rate or over any suitable period of time. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a first preferred variation of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the force resistor  2  is coupled to the mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a second preferred variation the force resistor  2  is coupled to the trigger mechanism  3 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , in an alternative variation the force resistor  2  is coupled to both the mechanical force input interface  1  and to the trigger mechanism  3 . The force resistor  2  may, however, be coupled to any suitable combination of the trigger mechanism  3  and the mechanical force input interface  1 , or through any other suitable devices, and in any suitable manner that allows the force resistor  2  to transmit resistance to the user  5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in a first preferred variation of the force resistor  2  of the first preferred embodiment, the force resistor  2  includes one or more weights  6 . As shown in  FIG. 3   a , in a second preferred variation the force resistor  2  includes a hydraulic device  7 . As shown in  FIG. 3   b , in a third preferred variation the force resistor  2  includes a pneumatic device  8 . As shown in  FIG. 3   c , in a fourth preferred variation the force resistor  2  includes one or more springs  9 . As shown in  FIG. 3   d , in a fifth preferred variation the force resistor  2  includes one or more elastic elements  10 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , in an alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes a friction mechanism  11 . As shown in  FIG. 5   a , in another alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes an electromechanical device  12 , preferably designed to exert force in resistance to the force input  4  by the user  5 . As shown in  FIG. 5   b , in another alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes a magnetic device  13 . In a first preferred variation of the magnetic device  13 , the magnetic device  13  includes a permanent magnet and a magnetic induction device designed to produce resistance force. In a second preferred variation of the magnetic device  13 , the magnetic device  13  includes two or more permanent magnets designed to produce a resistance force between them; however the magnetic device  13  may have any suitable design. As shown in  FIG. 5   c , in another alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes an electromagnetic device  14 . In a first preferred variation of the electromagnetic device  14 , the electromagnetic device  14  includes an electromagnet and a magnetic induction device designed to produce resistance force. In a second preferred variation of the electromagnetic device  14 , the electromagnetic device  14  includes one or more electromagnets and one or more permanent magnets designed to produce a resistance force between them. In a third preferred variation of the electromagnetic device  14 , the electromagnetic device  14  includes two or more electromagnets designed to produce a resistance force between them, however the electromagnetic device  14  may have any suitable design. As shown in  FIG. 5   d , in another alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes an actuator  15 . As shown in  FIG. 5   e , in another alternative variation the force resistor  2  includes a flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16  and create a resistance force opposing the force input  4  by the user  5 . In a first preferred variation of the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16 , the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16  includes a flowing fluid passing through a device including an object in the fluid stream that is designed to undergo a drag force in the fluid stream. In a second preferred variation of the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16 , the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16  includes a flowing fluid passing over a part of the user  5  and designed to create a drag force on that part of the user  5 . In a third preferred variation of the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16 , the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16  includes a drag inducing object attached to the user  5  or worn by the user  5  and designed to create a drag force when in the path of the flowing fluid  16 . The force resistor  2  may, however, include any suitable combination of these variations and may, alternatively, include any suitable device or combination of devices. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a preferred variation of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the mechanical force input interface  1  is coupled to the force resistor  2 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a second preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  is coupled to the trigger mechanism  3 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , in a third preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  is coupled to both the trigger mechanism  3  and the force resistor  2 . The mechanical force input interface  1  may, however, be coupled to any suitable combination of the force resistor  2  and the trigger mechanism  3 , or through any other suitable devices, and in any suitable manner that allows the mechanical force input interface  1  to receive force input  4  by the user  5  and allows the mechanical force input interface  1  to receive and transmit resistance force from the force resistor  2 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 6   a , in a first preferred variation of the mechanical force input interface  1  of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more pedals  17 . As shown in  FIG. 6   b , in a second preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes a platform  18 . As shown in  FIG. 6   c , in a third preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more padded structural members  19 . The one or more padded structural members  19  preferably include a bar or tube covered in a pad or pad material and attached to a structure that preferably pivots or slides. The one or more padded structural members  19  may, however, include any suitable components and configuration, and may move in any suitable manner. As shown in  FIG. 7   a , in a fourth preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes a bar  20 . The bar  20  is preferably designed to have the user  5  hold onto the bar  20  with one or both of the user&#39;s hands, though the bar  20  may have any suitable design. As shown in  FIG. 7   b , in a fifth preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more straps  21 . In a first preferred variation of the one or more straps  21 , the one or more straps  21  are designed to have the user  5  hold the one or more straps with one or both of the user&#39;s hands. In a second preferred variation of the one or more straps  21 , the one or more straps  21  are designed to have the user  5  place the one or more straps around one of: one or more of their feet, one or more of their ankles, one or more of their legs, or any combination of these. In a third preferred variation of the one or more straps  21 , the one or more straps  21  are designed to have the user  5  place the one or more straps around one of: one or more of their wrists, one or more of their arms, or any combination of these. The one or more straps  21  may, however, have any suitable design. As shown in  FIG. 7   c , in a sixth preferred variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more handles  22 . The one or more handles  22  are preferably designed to have the user  5  hold onto the one or more handles  22  with one or both of the user&#39;s hands, though the one or more handles  22  may have any suitable design. As shown in  FIG. 8   a , in an alternative variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes an article of clothing  23 . The article of clothing  23  preferably includes one of: a shirt, pants, a vest, shorts, or any other item worn on the body, and preferably includes a strap, cable, ring, or any other suitable attachment point capable of transmitting force. In an alternative variation of the article of clothing  23 , the article of clothing  23  includes magnets or magnetic inductance elements. The article of clothing  23  may, however, have any suitable design that allows it to act as a mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 8   b , in another alternative variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more shoes  24 . The one or more shoes  24  preferably include a strap, cable, ring or any other suitable attachment point capable of transmitting force. In an alternative variation of the one or more shoes  24 , the one or more shoes  24  include magnets or magnetic inductance elements. In another alternative variation of the one or more shoes  24 , the one or more shoes  24  include drag inducing objects designed to interact with the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16 . The one or more shoes  24  may, however, have any suitable design that allows them to act as a mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 8   c , in another alternative variation the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more gloves  25 . The one or more gloves  25  preferably include a strap, cable, ring or any other suitable attachment point capable of transmitting force. In an alternative variation of the one or more gloves  25 , the one or more gloves  25  include magnets or magnetic inductance elements. In another alternative variation of the one or more gloves  25 , the one or more gloves  25  include drag inducing objects designed to interact with the flowing fluid designed to induce drag  16 . The one or more gloves  25  may, however, have any suitable design that allows them to act as a mechanical force input interface  1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 9   a , in a first preferred variation of the configuration of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more pedals  17  and the force resistor  2  includes one or more of: a hydraulic device  7 , a pneumatic device  8 , one or more weights  6 , one or more springs  9 , one or more elastic elements  10 , or any combination of these. In the first preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   a , the one or more pedals  17  are preferably attached to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is preferably attached to the force resistor  2 . In the first preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   a , the action of the trigger mechanism  3  preferably quickly releases one of: the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the one or more pedals  17 , or both, preferably allowing the one or more pedals  17  to move with reduced or eliminated resistance. In the first preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   a , the one or more pedals  17  preferably slide along a track. In the first preferred variation as shown in  FIG. 9   a , the one or more pedals  17  are alternatively attached to a pivoting structure. In the first preferred variation as shown in  FIG. 9   a , the one or more pedals  17  are alternatively attached to a structure designed to allow them to move in an elliptical or circular motion. The one or more pedals  17  included in the first preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   a  may, however, be designed to move in any suitable manner, may be attached in any suitable manner, and may interact with the trigger mechanism  3  and the force resistor  2  in any suitable manner. In the first preferred variation as shown in  FIG. 9   a , the system preferably includes a seat for the user  5 , however the system may include any suitable accommodations for the user  5 , or may not include any additional structures or accommodations. In a second preferred variation of the configuration of the system of the first preferred embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 9   b , the mechanical force input interface  1  includes a platform  18  and the force resistor  2  includes one or more of: a hydraulic device  7 , a pneumatic device  8 , one or more weights  6 , one or more springs  9 , one or more elastic elements  10 , or any combination of these. In the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b , the platform  18  is preferably attached to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is preferably attached to the force resistor  2 . In the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b , the action of the trigger mechanism  3  preferably quickly releases one of: the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the platform  18 , or both, preferably allowing the platform  18  to move with reduced or eliminated resistance. In the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b , the platform  18  preferably slides along a track. In the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b , the platform  18  is alternatively attached to a pivoting structure. The platform  18  included in the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b  may, however, be designed to move in any suitable manner, may be attached in any suitable manner, and may interact with the trigger mechanism  3  and the force resistor  2  in any suitable manner. In the second preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   b , the system preferably includes a seat for the user  5 , however the system may include any suitable accommodations for the user  5 , or may not include any additional structures or accommodations. In a third preferred variation of the configuration of the system of the first preferred embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 9   c , the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more padded structural members  19  and the force resistor  2  includes one or more of: a hydraulic device  7 , a pneumatic device  8 , one or more weights  6 , one or more springs  9 , one or more elastic elements  10 , or any combination of these. In the third preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   c , the one or more padded structural members  19  are preferably attached to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is preferably attached to the force resistor  2 . In the third preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   c , the action of the trigger mechanism  3  preferably quickly releases one of: the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , the attachment of the trigger mechanism  3  to the one or more padded structural members  19 , or both, preferably allowing the one or more padded structural members  19  to move with reduced or eliminated resistance. In the third preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   c , the one or more padded structural members  19  preferably slide along a track. In the third preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   c , the one or more padded structural members  19  are alternatively attached to a pivoting structure. The one or more padded structural members  19  included in the third preferred variation shown in  FIG. 9   c  may, however, be designed to move in any suitable manner, may be attached in any suitable manner, and may interact with the trigger mechanism  3  and the force resistor  2  in any suitable manner. In the third preferred variation as shown in FIG.  9   c , the system preferably includes a seat for the user  5 , however the system may include any suitable accommodations for the user  5 , or may not include any additional structures or accommodations. In a fourth preferred variation of the configuration of the system of the first preferred embodiment, as shown in  FIGS. 10   a  and  10   b , the system is configured with one of: the coupling between the mechanical force input interface  1  and the force resistor  2  including one or more cables  59 , the coupling between the mechanical force input interface  1  and the trigger mechanism  3  including one or more cables  60 , or both. As shown in  FIGS. 11   a  and  11   b , in a first preferred variation of the configuration shown in  FIGS. 10   a  and  10   b , the mechanical force input interface  1  includes a bar  20 . Preferably, as shown in  FIG. 11   b , one or more cables  60  connect the bar  20  to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to quickly release one of: the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the one or more cables, the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , or both. Alternatively, one or more cables  59  connect the bar  20  to the force resistor  2 , as shown in  FIG. 11   a . However, the cables may be connected to any suitable device in any suitable way and the trigger mechanism  3  may act in any suitable manner. As shown in  FIGS. 11   c  and  11   d , in a second preferred variation of the configuration shown in  FIGS. 10   a  and  10   b , the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more handles  22 . Preferably, as shown in  FIG. 11   d , one or more cables  60  connect the one or more handles  22  to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to quickly release one of: the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the one or more cables, the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , or both. Alternatively, one or more cables  59  connect the one or more handles  22  to the force resistor  2 , as shown in  FIG. 11   c . However, the cables may be connected to any suitable device in any suitable way and the trigger mechanism  3  may act in any suitable manner. As shown in  FIGS. 11   e  and  11   f , in a third preferred variation of the configuration shown in  FIGS. 10   a  and  10   b , the mechanical force input interface  1  includes one or more straps  21 . Preferably, as shown in  FIG. 11   f , one or more cables  60  connect the one or more straps  21  to the trigger mechanism  3  and the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to quickly release one of: the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the one or more cables, the connection of the trigger mechanism  3  to the force resistor  2 , or both. Alternatively, one or more cables  59  connect the one or more straps  21  to the force resistor  2 , as shown in  FIG. 11   e . However, the cables may be connected to any suitable device in any suitable way and the trigger mechanism  3  may act in any suitable manner. In the fourth preferred variation of the configuration of the system of the first preferred embodiment shown in  FIGS. 10   a  and  10   b , the coupling between the mechanical force input interface  1  and one of the force resistor  2  and the trigger mechanism  3  preferably includes one or more pulleys which preferably provide a suitable angle for the one or more cables to attach to the mechanical force input interface  1 . The one or more pulleys may provide an adjustable angle for the one or more cables to attach to the mechanical force input interface  1 ; however, the coupling may include any suitable devices and be designed in any suitable manner. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , in a first preferred variation of the trigger mechanism  3  of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the trigger mechanism  3  includes a disconnect  26  coupled to the mechanical force input interface  1  and coupled to the force resistor  2 . The disconnect  26  is designed to transmit force  27  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  and the disconnect  26  is designed to uncouple the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . The disconnect  26  preferably includes one or more of: a latch, a catch, or a pin retention system, however the disconnect  26  may have any suitable design allowing it to uncouple the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . The disconnect  26  preferably acts quickly, however it may operate in any suitable manner. As shown in  FIG. 13   a , the uncoupling of the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  caused by the disconnect  26  preferably causes a reduced the resistance force  28  to be transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . In a second preferred variation of the action of the disconnect  26 , as shown in  FIG. 13   b , the uncoupling of the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  caused by the disconnect  26  causes the elimination of resistance force transmission  46  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . In a third preferred variation of the action of the disconnect  26 , as shown in  FIG. 13   c , the uncoupling of the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  caused by the disconnect  26  causes a change in the direction  29  of the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . The disconnect  26  may, however, operate in any suitable manner and cause any suitable change in the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . 
     In a second preferred variation of the trigger mechanism  3  of the system of the first preferred embodiment, as shown in  FIGS. 14   a  and  14   b , the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to cause a reduction in the resistance force transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 14   a  the resistance force transmitted  42  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  before the action of the trigger mechanism  3  becomes, as shown in  FIG. 14   b , the reduced resistance force  43  transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  after the action of the trigger mechanism  3 . In a third preferred variation of the trigger mechanism  3 , as shown in  FIG. 14   c , the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to cause the elimination of force transmission  46  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . The resistance force  42  transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  before the action of the trigger mechanism  3 , as shown in  FIG. 14   a , becomes the eliminated resistance force  44  after the action of the trigger mechanism, as shown in  FIG. 14   c . In a fourth preferred variation of the trigger mechanism  3 , as shown in  FIG. 14   d , the trigger mechanism  3  is designed to cause a change in direction  45  of the force transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . The resistance force transmitted  42  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  before the action of the trigger mechanism  3 , as shown in  FIG. 14   a , becomes the redirected resistance force  45  after the action of the trigger mechanism  3 , as shown in  FIG. 14   d . The trigger mechanism  3  may, however, have any suitable design and operate in any suitable manner to create a change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . 
     In an alternative variation of the system of the first preferred embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 15   a , the system includes a transmission  46  coupled to the force resistor  2  and coupled to the mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 15   a , the trigger mechanism  3  is coupled at least to the transmission  46  and the trigger mechanism  3 , and the trigger mechanism  3  is configured to control the transmission  46 . In a first preferred variation of the transmission  46 , as shown in  FIG. 15   b , the transmission  46  is designed to control the amount of force  47  transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . In a second preferred variation of the transmission  46 , as shown in  FIG. 15   c , the transmission  46  is designed to control the direction of force  48  transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . However, the transmission  46  may act in any suitable manner to change the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 16 , the system of the first preferred embodiment preferably includes a trigger  49  designed to control the trigger mechanism  3 . In a first preferred variation of the trigger  49 , as shown in  FIG. 17   a , the trigger  49  includes a mechanical system  50 . In a second preferred variation, as shown in  FIG. 17   b , the trigger  49  includes an electronic system  51 . In a third preferred variation, as shown in  FIG. 17   c , the trigger  49  includes an electromechanical system  52 . In a fourth preferred variation, as shown in  FIG. 17   d , the trigger  49  includes a processor  53  coupled to an electronic system  54 . The processor  53  preferably controls the electronic system  54  and the processor  53  preferably takes input from at least one sensor or timer, however the processor  53  and electronic system  54  may interact in any suitable way and the processor  53  may operate using any suitable information. In a fifth preferred variation, as shown in  FIG. 17   e , the trigger  49  includes a processor  53  coupled to an electromechanical system  55 . The processor  53  preferably controls the electromechanical system  55  and the processor  53  preferably takes input from at least one sensor or timer, however the processor  53  and electromechanical system  55  may interact in any suitable way and the processor  53  may operate using any suitable information. 
     As shown in  FIG. 18 , in a first preferred variation of the operation of the trigger  49 , the trigger  56  is designed to control the trigger mechanism  3  automatically, preferably without input from the user  5  or other sources external to the system. In a first preferred variation of the trigger  56  controlling the trigger mechanism  3  automatically, the trigger  56  includes a mechanical system that acts based on one of: the force input  4  by the user  5  into the mechanical force input interface  1 , the resistance force transmitted to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2 , the position of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the speed of the mechanical force input interface  1 , or any combination of these. In a second preferred variation of the trigger  56  controlling the trigger mechanism  3  automatically, the trigger  56  includes an electronic or an electromechanical system that acts based on one of: the force input  4  by the user  5  into the mechanical force input interface  1 , the resistance force transmitted to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2 , the rate of change of the force input  4  by the user  5 , the rate of change of the resistance force, the position of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the speed of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the acceleration of the mechanical force input interface  1 , or any combination of these. In a third preferred variation of the trigger  56  controlling the trigger mechanism  3  automatically, the trigger  56  includes a processor that acts based on one of: the force input  4  by the user  5  into the mechanical force input interface  1 , the resistance force transmitted to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2 , the rate of change of the force input  4  by the user  5 , the rate of change of the resistance force, the position of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the speed of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the acceleration of the mechanical force input interface  1 , the user&#39;s neural activity, the strain of one or more of the user&#39;s muscles, the user&#39;s heart rate, the user&#39;s breathing rate, or any combination of these. The trigger  56  may, however, include any design and use any information or criteria suitable for automatically controlling the trigger mechanism  3 . In a second preferred variation of the operation of the trigger  49 , as shown in  FIG. 19 , the user  5  controls the trigger  57  and the trigger  57  only controls the trigger mechanism  3  when given input  58  from the user  5 . In a first preferred variation of the user  5  controlling the trigger  57 , the trigger  57  is a mechanical system including a handle or other mechanical trigger that the user  5  manipulates with one of: one or more hand, one or more finger, one or more wrist, one or more arm, or any combination of the above. In a second preferred variation of the user  5  controlling the trigger  57 , the trigger  57  is a mechanical system including a pedal, catch or other mechanical trigger that the user  5  manipulates with one of: one or more foot, one or more toe, one or more ankle, one or more leg, any other body part, or any combination of the above. In a third preferred variation of the user  5  controlling the trigger  57 , the trigger  57  is an electronic or electromechanical system including a button, sensor, or other electronic or electromechanical input device that the user  5  manipulates with one of: one or more finger, one or more hand, one or more toe, one or more foot, one or more arm, one or more leg, any other body part, or any combination of the above. In an alternative variation of the user  5  controlling the trigger  57 , the trigger  57  includes a processor that takes input  58  from one of: the user&#39;s voice, the user&#39;s movements, the user&#39;s nervous activity, any other user activity, or any combination of the above. The user  5  may, however, control the trigger  57  in any suitable manner that allows the user  5  to control how the trigger  57  acts, when the trigger  57  acts, or both. In a third preferred variation of the operation of the trigger  49 , as shown in FIG.  20 , the trigger  49  includes more than one trigger system; at least one of these trigger systems  57  is controlled by the user  5 , and at least one of the other trigger systems  56  is designed to operate automatically. Preferably the trigger mechanism  3  is controlled by a combination of the one or more user controlled trigger systems  57  and the one or more automatically controlled trigger  56  systems. In a first preferred variation of the combined automatic and user control, the trigger  49  controls the trigger mechanism  3  when the first of the more than one trigger systems  56 ,  57  acts. In a second preferred variation of the combined automatic and user control, the trigger  49  controls the trigger mechanism  3  when two or more of the more than one trigger systems act  56 ,  57 . In a third preferred variation of the combined automatic and user control, the trigger  49  controls the trigger mechanism  3  when all of the more than one trigger systems  56 ,  57  act. In a fourth preferred variation of the combined automatic and user control, the trigger  49  controls the trigger mechanism  3  by mathematically or logically combining the actions or outputs of the more than one trigger systems  56 ,  57  and applying a mathematical or logical criteria that determines when to control the trigger mechanism  3 . The combined user and automatic control trigger  49  may, however, operate in any suitable manner and using any suitable criteria. 
     The trigger  49  is preferably designed to control the trigger mechanism  3  at a point after the user  5  has begun a motion and before the motion is completed or the user  5  has reached the end of the user&#39;s range of motion. Preferably the action of the trigger  49  creates two or more phases of motion, one or more phase where the user  5  experiences greater resistance and one or more phase where the user  5  experiences either lesser resistance or assistance. Preferably the transition between these two or more phases of motion occurs quickly. The trigger  49  may, however, act at any suitable point, may create any suitable result, and may act at any suitable rate. 
     As shown in  FIG. 21 , in a preferred variation of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the system includes a forcing device  30  coupled to the mechanical force input interface  1 . The forcing device  30  is designed to apply force  31  to the mechanical force input interface  1  in assistance to the force input into the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 . In a first preferred variation of the operation of the forcing device  30 , the forcing device  30  applies assistance force  31  at least once during the operation of the exercise machine. Preferably the at least one application of assistance force  31  during the operation of the exercise machine occurs once for every motion of the user  5 , once for every two or more motions of the user  5 , at an uneven or pre-programmed rate during the motions of the user  5 , or once for every random number of user motions. However, the at least one application of assistance force  31  during the operation of the exercise machine may occur at any time and any number of times in any relation to user motions. In a second preferred variation of the operation of the forcing device  30 , the forcing device  30  continuously applies force  31  to the mechanical force input interface  1  in assistance to the force input into the mechanical input interface by the user  5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 22   a , in a first preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , the forcing device  30  includes one or more springs  32 . In a second preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   b , the forcing device  30  includes one or more elastic elements  33 . In a third preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   c , the forcing device  30  includes an actuator  34 . In a fourth preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   d , the forcing device  30  includes a pneumatic device  35 . In a fifth preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   e , the forcing device  30  includes a hydraulic device  36 . In a fifth preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   f , the forcing device  30  includes an electromagnetic device  37 . In a sixth preferred variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   g , the forcing device  30  includes an electromechanical device  38 . In an alternative variation of the forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 22   h , the forcing device  30  includes a magnetic device  39 . The forcing device  30  may, however, include any combination of these devices or may have any suitable design allowing it to provide force in assistance to the force the input into the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 23   a  and  23   b , in the system of the first preferred embodiment including a forcing device  30 , the action of the trigger mechanism  3  preferably causes the net force applied to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2  and the forcing device  30  to shift to being in assistance to the force input to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 . As shown in  FIG. 23   a , before the action of the trigger mechanism  3  there is a force  27  transmitted between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1  and there may be, depending upon the action of the forcing device  30 , a force  31  applied to the mechanical force input interface  1  assisting the force input into the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 ; as shown in  FIG. 23   b , the action of the trigger mechanism  3  causes the net force  41  applied to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2  and the forcing device  30  to be in assistance to the force input  4  into the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 . In a first preferred variation of the trigger mechanism  3  of the system of the first preferred embodiment including a forcing device  30 , as shown in  FIG. 24   a , the trigger mechanism  3  comprises a disconnect  26  coupled to the mechanical force input interface  1  and coupled to the force resistor  2 . The disconnect  26  is preferably designed to transmit force  27  between the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 , and is preferably designed to uncouple the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 . As shown in  FIG. 24   b , preferably after the action of the disconnect  26  has uncoupled  40  the force resistor  2  and the mechanical force input interface  1 , the resulting net force  41  applied to the mechanical force input interface  1  by the force resistor  2  and the forcing device  30  is in assistance to the force input  4  into the mechanical force input interface  1  by the user  5 . The trigger mechanism  3  in the system of the first preferred embodiment including a forcing device  30  may, however, have any suitable design, carry out any suitable actions, and cause any suitable change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 25 , in another preferred variation of the system of the first preferred embodiment, the user  5  inputs force into the mechanical force input interface  1  cyclically  61  and the trigger mechanism  62  is designed to operate cyclically. In a first preferred variation the trigger mechanism  62  operates one or more times in every cycle of cyclical user force input  61 . In a second preferred variation the trigger mechanism  62  operate once in a certain multiple of cycles of cyclical user force input  61 . In a third preferred variation the trigger mechanism  62  operates at uneven points or pre-programmed points within the cycles of user force input  61 . In an alternative variation the trigger mechanism  62  operates randomly within the cycles of cyclical user force input  61 . 
     The trigger mechanism  62  may, however, operate at any suitable time or times during the cyclical user force input  61 . 
     2. Second Preferred Embodiment 
     As shown in  FIG. 26 , the exercise method of the second preferred embodiment includes (a) the application of a force in resistance to a motion of a user; (b) a trigger event; and (c) a sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user. The change in resistance force either reduces the level of resistance to a motion of the user, or creates assistance to a motion of the user. The exercise method of the second preferred embodiment is designed to exercise muscles in a way that improves muscle speed, explosiveness, or both. The exercise method of second preferred embodiment may be used to exercise any muscle of the body in any motion, providing any muscle in any motion with increased speed, explosiveness, or both. The exercise method of the second preferred embodiment, however, may be used for any suitable purpose. 
     As shown in  FIG. 27 , the sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user preferably occurs within the range of motion of the user, after the motion of the user has started and before the motion of the user stops. The sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user may, however, take place at any suitable point. Preferably the sudden change in resistance force creates two or more separate phases of user motion, one or more phase with greater resistance to user motion and one or more phase with either less resistance to user motion or assistance to user motion. The sudden change in user motion may, however, create any suitable result. 
     As shown in  FIG. 28 , in a preferred variation of the method of the second preferred embodiment, a motion of the user is cyclical and the sudden change in the resistance force applied to the motion of the user takes place cyclically. In a first preferred variation, the sudden change in resistance force takes place one or more times per cycle of user motion. In a second preferred variation, the sudden change in resistance force takes place once in every multiple number of cycles of user motion. In a third preferred variation, the sudden change in resistance force takes place at uneven points within the cycles of user motion. In an alternative variation, the sudden change in resistance force takes place randomly within the cycles of user motion. 
     3. Third Preferred Embodiment 
     As shown in  FIGS. 29   a  and  29   b , the sports equipment  63  of the third preferred embodiment includes a piece of sports equipment  63  and an exercise device  64  either coupled to the piece of sports equipment  63  as shown in  FIG. 29   a , or integrated into the piece of sports equipment  63  as shown in  FIG. 29   b . The exercise device  64  includes a mechanical force input interface  1  designed to interface with a user  5 ; a force resistor  2  designed to resist force input into the mechanical force input interface  1  by a user  5 ; and a trigger mechanism  3  designed to cause a sudden change in the resistance provided against the force input  4  by the user  5 . The force resistor  2  is coupled to one of: the mechanical force input interface  1 , the trigger mechanism  3 , or both. The trigger mechanism  3  is coupled to one of: the mechanical force input interface  1 , the force resistor  2 , or both. 
     The elements of the third preferred embodiment preferably function in the same way and have the same alternatives and preferred variations as the similar elements of the first preferred embodiment. 
     The sports equipment  63  of the third preferred embodiment preferably includes one of: a bicycle, a rowboat, a racket, a bat, a club, a human powered vehicle, and a piece of track and field equipment. The sports equipment  63  may, however, include any suitable device or equipment. In a first preferred variation the exercise device  64  of the third preferred embodiment is either integrated into the pedal mechanism or drive mechanism of a bicycle or a human powered vehicle, or coupled to the pedal mechanism or drive mechanism of a bicycle or a human powered vehicle. In a second preferred variation the exercise device  64  of the third preferred embodiment is either integrated into the oar supports or rowing mechanism of a rowboat or other water vehicle, or coupled to the oar supports or rowing mechanism of a rowboat or other water vehicle. In a third preferred variation the exercise device  64  is either coupled to the handle or user interface of a racket, a bat, a club, or a piece of track and field equipment, or integrated into the handle or user interface of a racket, a bat, a club, or a piece of track and field equipment. The exercise device  64  of the third preferred embodiment may, however, be used with any suitable piece of sports equipment  63  in any suitable manner. 
     As a person skilled in the prior art will recognize after examination of the previous detailed description and the figures and claims, modifications and changes may be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.