Patent Publication Number: US-6986236-B2

Title: Horizontal form, fill and seal machine for loose fitting packages

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/885,211, filed on Jun. 20, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,745,545, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to reclosable packaging and, in particular, to an apparatus for horizontally forming, filling and sealing such packages to loosely fit about a packaged product. 
     Horizontal form, fill and seal (HFFS) machines are commonly used for packaging block-shaped products such as chunks of cheese, cheese slices or various products that are contained in a tray such as cookies and crackers. The package is formed of a flat sheet of plastic film onto which the product is deposited. One or both side portions of the sheet are wrapped over the product, the sheet side edges are sealed together and transverse seals are formed to complete the package about the product. A zipper may be provided for the package between the sheet edges or in a fold formed in the film in order to render the package reclosable after it is initially opened through the zipper. U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,589,145; 5,247,781 and 6,138,436 are representative of such prior art HFFS machines. 
     The packages formed on such machines are generally tightly pulled over the product during the wrapping operation for package aesthetics and in order to maintain constant width for the final packages. That is, if the film is not pulled at least semi-tight over the product, the width of the final packages tends to vary from package to package. Further, unless the film is pulled at least semi-tight the film may wrinkle during the package formation. These may cause consumer acceptance problems as well as difficulties in packing the packaged product. However, for certain applications, it may be desirable not to have the packaging film tight against the product. For example, a loose package permits easier removal of the package contents and facilitates returning product to the package. Also, where the package is to be provided with a fitment such as a spout or a zipper and, particularly with a slider activated zipper, a tight fit between the package and product may place undo stress on the package and interfere with the operation of the zipper. Also, where a tamper evident seal is provided inboard of the zipper, the consumer may find it difficult to rupture the seal when the product is tight against the seal. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In view of the above, it is the principal object of the present invention to provide a HFFS machine which forms uniform loosely fitting packages about the products to be packaged therein. 
     A further object is to provide such a machine that may be formed without modification of the major portions of conventional HFFS machines and which operates generally in the same manner as conventional HFFS machines. 
     The above and other objects and advantages are attained in accordance with the present invention by providing a horizontal form, fill and seal machine having a hollow forming box into which a continuous film is longitudinally fed from a packaging film supply. The forming box has a top, sides and open inlet and outlet ends. A pair of guide bars adjacent the forming box sides extend through the forming box beyond the outlet end of the forming box. A slit conveyor is provided extending longitudinally between the guides. The interior of the forming box is contoured to guide the packaging film to flow adjacent the top, down the sides, about the guide bars and onto the conveyor thereby forming a film envelope moving along the conveyor. The front ends of he guide bars may be tapered upwardly to generally follow the contours of the forming box. 
     The conveyor extends generally horizontally and the forming box is inclined with respect to the conveyor so that product may be fed through the forming box and into the film envelope so that the package formation may be completed about the product. After the envelope clears the free ends of the guide bars, cross seams are formed in the envelope at the leading and lagging ends of the product to complete the package about the product. A zipper may be attached to the film prior to feeding the film into the forming box. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the accompanying drawings: 
         FIG. 1  is a simplified side, elevational schematic view of the horizontal form, fill and seal machine of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the forming box section of the horizontal form, fill and seal machine; 
         FIG. 3  is a fragmentary side elevational view of the guide bars of the horizontal form, fill and seal machine; 
         FIG. 4  is top plan view of the packaging film flowing through the forming box section of the horizontal form, fill and seal machine; 
         FIG. 5  is a sectional view taken along lines  5 — 5  of  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 6–9  are views similar to  FIG. 5  depicting the folding of the film about alternative guide bars; and 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view of a bag made in accordance with the method and on the apparatus of the present invention and filled with product. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Reference is now made to the drawings and to  FIG. 1  in particular wherein a schematic representation of the form, fill and seal machine  10  of the present invention is depicted as comprising a supply of packaging film  12  and a supply of zipper  14 . The film is drawn by drive rollers  16  through a zipper attaching mechanism  18  where discrete sections of zipper are applied transversely across the film at spaced intervals. The zipper may contain a slider or be slider-less. Such zipper attaching mechanisms are commercially available under the trade name TOP ZIP from the AMI/RecPro division of ITW Inc., located in Atlanta Ga. It suffices to say for the present that the zipper applicator  18  attaches a section of zipper that is approximately equal in length to one half the width of the packaging film to a center section of the film leaving margins on both sides of the film web without zipper. 
     Alternatively the zipper may be applied to the film longitudinally (i.e. in the film running direction rather than transversely across the film) by utilizing a zipper supply  14 A as shown in phantom in  FIG. 1  and changing the orientation of the seal bars of zipper attaching mechanism  18  accordingly. In this instance it may be desirable to slit the film longitudinally and seal the zipper to the film edges created by the slit. 
     Whether the zipper is applied transversely or parallel to the film running direction, the handling of the film and attached zipper is substantially the same. The film and attached zipper  34  are fed through a dancer system  20  by a drive  22  through guide rollers  24  to a forming box  26 . The guide rollers  24  serve to orient the web so that the zipper is on the under surface of the web as it enters the forming box  26 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , it can be seen that the forming box  26  includes a top wall  28 , opposed side walls  30  and bottom wall  32 . The film with attached zipper  34  is fed into the open inlet end  36  of forming box  26  and exits the open outlet end  38 . Guide bars  40  extend from the side walls  30  through the outlet end away from the inlet end. A horizontal conveyor  42  is positioned between the guide bars  40 . 
     In the forming box the film with attached zipper  34  is guided by internal surfaces of the forming box and external surfaces of the guide bars so that a center portion  44  of the web follows the top of the forming box. The marginal side portions  46  of the web are guided about the guide bars  40  that extend into the forming box and onto the conveyor  42  to form a product receiving film surface  54  on the conveyor. The opposed longitudinal edges  50  of the film are fed into a slit  48  formed in the conveyor. A pair of longitudinally extending sealing bars  52  are positioned under the conveyor on opposite sides of the slit. A second pair of seal bars  56  is provided down stream of the downstream end of the conveyor extending transversely to the conveyor. Alternatively the film could be fed about the forming box and the guide bars adjusted accordingly. 
     In operation a flat packaging film  12  is fed through the zipper applicator  18  where the discrete sections of zipper  14  are applied to the packaging film at spaced intervals. The film  34  with applied zipper is oriented so that the zipper faces downwardly and is fed into the forming box  26 . In the forming box the packaging film is guided so that the zipper bearing center portions follows the internal surfaces of the forming box top while side margin portions are trained about the forming bars and onto the conveyor surface with the longitudinal edges of the film passing through the conveyor belt slit. The conveyor belt is generally horizontal and the forming box is inclined with respect to the conveyor so that product  58 , gravity fed through the forming box, is deposited onto the product receiving surfaces  54  of the film that sit on the conveyor. As a section of product bearing formed film passes the longitudinal sealing bars  52 , the edges of the film are sealed together forming a closed envelope about the product. The envelope is then moved longitudinally beyond the free ends of the guide bars  40  to the conveyor end where the transverse sealing bars  56  are located. As each product bearing section passes through, the seal bars are actuated to seal the top of the envelope to the bottom of the envelope. In the transverse sealing process, the attachment of the zipper  14  is completed and a seal is formed at the zipper end  60  of the package  64 . At the same time the end seal  62  for the opposite (non-zipper) end of the next package is formed. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , it can be seen that the guide bars  40  are provided with rollers  66  at the ends thereof. The rollers facilitate the film along the guide bars. To this end, the guide bars may be coated with Teflon or a ceramic to facilitate film movement. Likewise the bars may be grooved or knurled to facilitate the film flow over the bars. In  FIG. 5  the guide bars  40  are arcuate. Alternative shapes for the guide bars are depicted in  FIGS. 6–9 . In each case the height of the package  64  is determined by the height of the guide bars and the width (from side to side of the package) is determined by the thickness of the guide bars. 
     Thus, in accordance with the above, the aforementioned objectives are effectively attained.