Patent Publication Number: US-2021178030-A1

Title: Efficient Carrying Portable Constant Negative Pressure Suction Apparatus for Outdoor Use

Description:
The present application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 2017110072334 filed with the Chinese Patent Office on Oct. 24, 2017 and entitled “Efficient Carrying Portable Constant Negative Pressure Suction Apparatus for Outdoor Use”, the entire content of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical equipment for both military and civilian purposes, in particular to an efficient-carrying (i.e., “efficient-support”, the term “efficient-support” means that the suction device of the present disclosure can be efficiently carried into the human body, for example, into the respiratory tract, esophagus and stomach) portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor/field use (an efficient carrying portable constant negative pressure suction apparatus for outdoor use). 
     BACKGROUND 
     In a regular medical field, negative-pressure suction relies on negative-pressure suction effect generated by a central-negative-pressure suction center to suck sputum, blood bleeding at wound and other secretions or exudates. Due to the central negative pressure, it requires large equipment investment and high requirements. For example, a vacuum suction station generally comprises two water ring vacuum pumps, a vacuum tank, solenoid valves, water-gas separators, electrical control boxes, connecting pipelines, butterfly valves and shut-off valves, which are all installed in a suction pump room. Regarding suction pipelines: a main pipe and branch pipes are galvanized pipes, after entering a ward, a copper pipe is used, fixed onto an integrated equipment cover, and connected to a gas terminal valve (gas head). Regarding a gas terminal connector (plug-in quick connector): it is normally in a sealed state, wherein when a suction bottle is inserted, a gas terminal automatically opens, generating negative pressure. The suction device (bottle) is an independent device with a volume of 1-5 L. When in use, the suction bottle is inserted into a corresponding insertion orifice, so as to generate a negative pressure in the bottle, thereby smoothly sucking out dirt in the body of a patient. The indicating value of the vacuum gauge on the vacuum pump should be adjusted within a range of −0.03 Mpa to −0.07 Mpa after installation, which may meet use requirements for the ward. When the indicating value is lower than −0.03 Mpa, the vacuum pump automatically starts pumping, and when the pointer reaches −0.07 Mpa, it automatically stops pumping. A solenoid valve is installed on a gas intake pipeline of the pump, and the solenoid valve and a pump motor are started synchronously, that is, when the motor is started, the solenoid valve is automatically opened and connected to the vacuum system; when the pump stops working, the solenoid valve is automatically closed to prevent, when the pumping is stopped, water and air from flowing back into the vacuum system. Moreover, the system uses two water ring vacuum pumps which are alternately used. That is, one pump works first after the power is turned on, and automatically stops after reaching a certain negative pressure value (−0.07 Mpa), and when the negative pressure of the vacuum system rises to −0.03 Mpa, another vacuum pump is automatically started, which steps are repeated so that the system is kept to be within a set vacuum range. This is basic equipment of a central hospital. This kind of negative pressure equipment is commonly used, and obtained data range, −0.03 Mpa to −0.07 Mpa, is a result of big data. The negative-pressure suction device has been clinically applied to patients for more than 100 billion times. Simple electric suction devices are often used in medical aid stations, which has a relatively large volume, and is inconvenient to carry, resulting in relatively complex field operations. 
     At present, existing manual or foot-controlled suction devices cannot meet outdoor/field suction requirements because the negative pressure for suction cannot achieve pressure requirement and the gas leakage rate is high, and there is no suction devices suitable for intra-airway bleeding or hematocele caused by chest penetrating injuries on the field battlefield, or drowning, or auxiliary suction devices required when the elderly at home are too weak to spit sputum. The existing portable negative-pressure suction device can only perform cleaning of blood, sputum or secretions in the oral cavity, but cannot clean blood, sputum or secretions in the deep nasal cavity, pharyngeal cavity, trachea, bronchus, stomach. 
     In addition, when carrying or entering a first scene or rescuing and salvaging patients or the wounded in a first-line battlefield, the suction device is very inconvenient to carry and the operation thereof is complicated. Studies have shown that the suffocation death rate of patients or the wounded is 15.7%, with the death caused by blocking the airway by airway foreign bodies, blood, sputum, or secretions. In field battlefields and training grounds, airway injuries and wound bleeding require a suction device suitable for the field. Especially, the elderly have poor cough reflex ability, expectoration powerless, and high incidence of airway blocking by airway secretions or sputum or blood at home or a place away from the medical place, which may easily cause asphyxia hypoxia, hypoxic encephalopathy or death, so it is extremely necessary to prepare a disposable sputum suction device at home. Even if the hospital has sputum suction devices, it takes a long time to prepare in an emergency. If a handy disposable suction device is prepared by a bed or in a first aid box, further rescue opportunities may be obtained. When rescuing a drowned person at a first scene in the field, who sucked much water in the airway and stomach, suction devices suitable for the field are also needed. 
     Therefore, it has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by a person skilled in the art, about how to provide an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use that can satisfy the stable negative-pressure suction pressure in the range of −0.03 Mpa to −0.07 Mpa, has a calculated negative pressure range of −0.3099 kgf/cm 2  to −0.702 kgf/cm 2 , and simultaneously can be conveniently carried and operated. 
     SUMMARY 
     Objects of the present disclosure are to provide an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, so as to solve the technical problems of high gas leakage rate, unstable negative pressure and inconvenient carrying caused by that existing negative-pressure suction device cannot reach an operation negative pressure of −0.03 Mpa to −0.07 Mpa. 
     The present disclosure provides an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, including: a negative-pressure suction ball extending from a proximal end to a distal end, wherein the negative-pressure suction ball is in an internal cystic structure, and the internal cystic structure includes a circular gas exhaust valve, a balloon and an anti-backflow valve which are sequentially arranged from the proximal end to the distal end; and the device further comprises a negative-pressure suction tube, wherein the negative-pressure suction tube communicates with the negative-pressure suction ball, and the negative-pressure suction tube has a suction control channel. 
     Optionally, a support member is provided on the inner wall of the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball, so that the support member can resist the squeezing of balloon wall toward the center line of the negative-pressure suction ball, to return to a spherical state. Optionally, the support member on the inner wall of the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball is in a soft structure. 
     Optionally, a longitudinal elastic plate and a lateral elastic wire are further provided on the inner wall of the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball, and the support member, the longitudinal elastic plate and the lateral elastic wire together resist the squeezing of balloon wall toward the center line of the negative-pressure suction ball, so as to return to the spherical state. 
     Optionally, the longitudinal elastic plate and the lateral elastic wire are fitted in the negative-pressure suction ball, and the longitudinal elastic plate includes at least two ridge plates, and the lateral elastic wire includes at least two lateral elastic wires, which are alternate in pairs and combined with the longitudinal elastic plate. Optionally, the longitudinal elastic plate includes at least two ridge plates provided opposite to each other, the lateral elastic wire includes at least two lateral elastic wires, wherein two ends of each lateral elastic wire are respectively connected to the two opposite ridge plates, so that the lateral elastic wire is cooperated with the longitudinal elastic plate. 
     Optionally, when the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball is squeezed, the circular gas exhaust valve protrudes to exhaust gas, and the anti-backflow valve closes the negative-pressure suction tube; when the squeezing is released, the circular gas exhaust valve is retracted, the anti-backflow valve is opened; and when the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball is in an expanded state, the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball has a circular section and is elliptical as a whole. 
     Compared with the prior art, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use of the present disclosure has following advantages: 
     the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided by the present disclosure, when used outside hospitals, especially when used for rescuing the wounded in the field and battlefield or in places away from negative-pressure suction areas, can effectively solve the problems of airway obstruction caused by airway sputum and blood of the wounded and the sick, and especially prevent dyspnea, suffocation, hypoxia and even life-threatening cases of patients occurring due to chest puncture injury-caused bleeding or drowning-caused emergency airway conditions. Moreover, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided by the present disclosure has extremely convenient operation, and is simple, practical, scientific and safe, which can be used by both professional or non-professional persons after basic training, and can be also prepared for family elderly, which can effectively fill the huge gaps in the demand of future battlefield and market. 
     The present disclosure also provides an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, including: a movable negative-pressure gas exhaust valve extending from a proximal end to a distal end, a negative-pressure suction ball and a negative-pressure suction tube, wherein the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve and the negative-pressure suction ball communicate with the negative-pressure suction tube through a suction control channel. 
     Optionally, the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve has a manual knob, the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve is provided with a knob port channel and a drain hole, and the manual knob can be taken out from the knob port channel and the drain hole. 
     Optionally, the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball has a balloon cavity, and the balloon cavity communicates with a negative-pressure oxygen suction tube. 
     Optionally, a support spring is provided inside the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball; or a support spring and an anti-backflow valve are provided inside the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball. 
     Optionally, the inner tube wall of the negative-pressure suction tube is provided with at least one internal rifling. 
     Optionally, the negative-pressure suction tube has a suction control hole, and the hole wall of the suction control hole is provided with at least one internal groove line. 
     This efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use has the same advantages over the prior art as the above-mentioned efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, which will not be repeated here. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       In order to more clearly illustrate technical solutions of specific embodiments of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use of the present disclosure or of the prior art, drawings which are needed for use in description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be introduced briefly below. Apparently, following described drawings are some special embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person ordinarily skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings, without paying inventive efforts, and the other undescribed drawings all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure when expanded in a resting state; 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, which is in a pressurized state; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of a negative-pressure gas exhaust valve of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of a gas exhaust structure of the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, which is in a first resting state in a single operation; 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, which is in a second resting state in a single operation; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of a spring frame of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when resting; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the spring frame of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when pressurized; 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, which is in a third resting state in a single operation; 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, which is in a pressurized state in a single operation; 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of a negative-pressure suction tube with internal riflings, of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the negative-pressure suction tube with no internal rifling, of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when sucking fluid at a negative pressure; 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic perspective diagram showing a structure of the negative-pressure suction tube with internal riflings of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when sucking fluid at a negative pressure; 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of internal groove lines of a suction control hole of the negative-pressure suction tube of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when used to suck sputum and blood in respiratory tract; and 
         FIG. 17  is a schematic perspective view showing a structure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, when used to suck contents in esophagus and stomach. 
     
    
    
     In the drawings:  2816 —negative-pressure suction ball;  2815 —circular gas exhaust valve;  2818 —negative-pressure suction tube;  2817 —suction control channel;  15 —longitudinal elastic plate;  16 —lateral elastic wire;  17 —gas exhaust valve core;  19 —gas exhaust valve spring;  18 —gas exhaust valve hole;  13 —suction control hole;  14 —anti-backflow valve;  12 —suction tube;  28151 —negative-pressure gas exhaust valve;  21 —drain hole;  20 —manual drain valve;  22 —support spring;  23 —internal rifling;  24 —internal groove line. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Below the technical solutions of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with drawings. Apparently, some but not all of examples of the present disclosure are described. Based on the examples of the present disclosure, all the other examples, obtained by a person ordinarily skilled in the art without paying inventive efforts, fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     In the description of the present disclosure, it should be noted that orientational or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “central”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inner” and “outer” are based on orientational or positional relationships as shown in the drawings, merely for facilitating describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that related devices or elements have to be in the specific orientation, or to be configured or operated in specific orientation, therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Besides, terms such as “first”, “second” and “third” are merely for distinguishing description, but should not be construed as indicating or implying importance in relativity. 
     In the description of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use of the present disclosure, it should also be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and defined, terms “mount”, “link” and “connect” should be construed in a broad sense. For example, the connection may be fixed connection, detachable connection, or integrated connection; it may be mechanical connection; it may also be electrical connection; it may be direct linking or indirect linking through an intermediate medium; and it may also be inner communication between two elements. For a person ordinary skilled in the art, specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 - FIG. 15 , embodiments of the present disclosure provide an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, including: a negative-pressure suction ball  2816  extending from a proximal end to a distal end, wherein the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is in an internal cystic structure, and the internal cystic structure includes a circular gas exhaust valve  2815 , a balloon and an anti-backflow valve  14 , which are sequentially arranged from the proximal end to the distal end; the device further includes a negative-pressure suction tube  2818 , wherein negative-pressure suction tube  2818  communicates with the negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , and the negative-pressure suction tube  2818  has a suction control channel  2817 . 
     Compared with the prior art, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use of the embodiments of the present disclosure has following advantages: 
     the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, when used outside hospitals, especially when used for rescuing the wounded in the field and battlefield or in places away from negative-pressure suction areas, can effectively solve the problems of airway obstruction caused by airway sputum and blood of the wounded and the sick, and especially prevent dyspnea, suffocation, hypoxia and even life-threatening cases of patients occurring due to chest puncture injury-caused bleeding or drowning-caused emergency airway conditions. Moreover, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure has extremely convenient operation, and is simple, practical, scientific and safe, which can be used by both professional or non-professional persons after basic training, and can be also prepared for family elderly, which can effectively fill the huge gaps in the demand of future battlefield and market. 
     It should be additionally indicated here that regarding the basic research of the physical rheology that generates negative pressure: Bernoulli&#39;s equation: p+ρgh+(½)*ρv 2 =c, where p, ρ, v indicate the intensity of pressure, density and speed of a fluid, respectively; h indicates a vertical height; g indicates acceleration of gravity; and c indicates a constant. The Bernoulli&#39;s equation is an equation that reflects the relationship among speed, intensity of pressure, and other parameters in the movement of an ideal fluid. When an ideal positive-pressure fluid makes a steady motion under the action of a potential volume force, the movement equation (i.e., the Euler equation) is integrated along the streamline to obtain an equation expressing conservation of mechanical energy of a moving fluid. Negative-pressure suction also follows Bernoulli&#39;s equation and movement equation. The set sputum density ρ is maximum, h=0, the Bernoulli&#39;s equation can be simplified to be: p+(½)*ρv 2 =c, a minimum sectional area of an internal channel of the negative-pressure suction tube, which maintains a constant negative pressure, of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use defined by calculating according to the movement equation, however since the density of sputum is not constant in the test, castor oil is used as the basis standard for experimental research, wherein the viscosity of the castor oil is relatively high, and similar to the viscosity of the sputum and blood. 
     When the pressure change of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use is not too large, assuming that the flow of gas whose density can be viewed as a constant is used as a basic standard for stability research, it can be obtained by setting energy equations for two sections in the pipeline: P1−P2=(λL/r)V 2 /(2g); 
     The flow rate can be obtained from: V=√[2gr (P1−P2)/λL];
 
The flux: Q=(πr 2 /4) V=(πr 2 /4)*√[2gr (P1−P2)/λL];
 
     In the equation: V: flow rate in the pipeline; Q: flux in the pipeline; g: acceleration of the gravity; r: inner diameter of the pipeline; P1: intensity of pressure at the starting end of the pipeline; P2: intensity of pressure at the tail end of the pipeline; λ: resistance coefficient of the pipeline wall; L: length of the pipeline. By calculating r, the inner diameter of the pipeline, and at the same time, negative pressure is generated when changing the negative-pressure suction ball, to satisfy the change of intensity of pressure inside the pipeline, satisfy generation of the pressure difference P1−P2, i.e. satisfy suction flow rate per unit time, and r, the inner diameter of the pipeline is one of the bases of the constant negative pressure of the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use. 
     Regarding the study of materials science and material structure, when performing research on a constant-negative-pressure suction device convenient for field operation, materials science requires that when the elastic restoring force meets the use requirement, the negative pressure range may be −0.3099 kgf/cm 2  to −0.702 kgf/cm 2 , single-person continuous manual operation is mainly adopted, the weight is in the range of 100-300 g, one-time molding is used, and no air leakage is achieved. The negative-pressure suction ball is set to be elliptical, with a maximal width of 55.87 mm and a minimal width is 21.64 mm. 
     In the above, as shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , the inner wall of the balloon of the above negative-pressure suction ball  2816  may be provided with a support member (not shown in the figures). The support member has an elastic restoring force and has property of resisting the squeezing of the balloon wall towards the center line of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  to return to the spherical state. 
     The inner wall of the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  may be also provided with a longitudinal elastic plate  15  and a lateral elastic wire  16 , and the support member, together with the longitudinal elastic plate  15  and the lateral elastic wire  16 , resists the squeezing of the balloon wall towards the center line of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  to return to the spherical state. 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , the support member on the inner wall of the balloon of the above negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is in a soft structure, and the longitudinal elastic plate  15  and the lateral elastic wire  16  are fitted into the inner wall of the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , wherein the longitudinal elastic plate  15  includes at least two ridge plates, and the lateral elastic wire  16  includes at least two lateral elastic wires which are alternate in pairs and combined with the longitudinal elastic plate  15 . 
     The lateral elastic wire  16  may comprises multiple groups of lateral elastic wires. Each group has two lateral elastic wires  16 , and two ends of each lateral elastic wire  16  are respectively connected to the ridge plates of the longitudinal elastic plate  15  which are arranged opposite to each other. 
     Optionally, the longitudinal elastic plate  15 , the lateral elastic wire  16  and the balloon wall constitute an internal cystic structure of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , and are formed by a one-time molding manufacturing process, which can effectively ensure that the elastic restoring force can form sufficient negative pressure in the balloon. 
     The circular gas exhaust valve  2815  may be tightly fitted to the proximal end of the inner balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , and the circular gas exhaust valve  2815  is composed of a gas exhaust valve core  17 , a gas exhaust valve spring  19 , and a gas exhaust valve hole  18 . The circular gas exhaust valve  2815  is fabricated by a precision manufacturing process technology. The position where the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is connected with the suction control hole  13  is integrated with an anti-backflow valve  14 , wherein the anti-backflow valve  14  is fan-shaped, and a fan edge is fixed by a chordae tendineae, so as to facilitating squeezing and gas exhausting during use, and the anti-backflow valve  14  may prevent backflowing phenomenon of the sucked sputum and blood. In addition, the suction tube  12  is a hose and is formed by one-time sealing with the suction control hole  13 . 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 3 , when the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is squeezed, the circular gas exhaust valve  2815  protrudes to exhaust gas, and the anti-backflow valve  14  closes the negative-pressure suction tube  2818 ; when the squeeze is released, the circular gas exhaust valve  2815  is retracted, and the anti-backflow valve  14  is opened; and when the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is in an expanded state, the balloon of the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  has a circular section and is elliptical as a whole. In addition, when the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  is squeezed, the gas exhaust valve core  17  of the circular gas exhaust valve  2815  compresses the gas exhaust valve spring  19 , gas is discharged from the gas exhaust valve hole  18 , and the anti-backflow valve  14  blocks the suction hole, so as to make the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  form a negative pressure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 - FIG. 15 , embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use, including: a movable negative-pressure gas exhaust valve  28151  extending from a proximal end to a distal end, a negative-pressure suction ball  2816  and a negative-pressure suction tube  2818 , wherein the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve  28151  and the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  communicate with the negative-pressure suction tube  2818  through a suction control channel  2817 . The negative-pressure suction tube  2818  may be integrally formed by injection molding or other molding processes. 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , the above negative-pressure gas exhaust valve  28151  has a manual knob, and the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve  28151  is provided with a knob port channel and a drain hole  21 , wherein the manual knob is provided within the knob port channel and the drain hole  21 , and can rotate in the knob port channel, and the manual knob can be taken out from the knob port channel and the drain hole  21 , that is, the manual knob can close and open the drain hole. In addition, the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  may function as a gas exhaust valve hole, based on the negative-pressure gas exhaust valve  28151 , and the manual drain valve  20  can also be used as the drain hole  21  to drain sputum or blood. 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 13  and  FIG. 14 , the balloon of the above negative-pressure suction ball  2816  has a balloon cavity, and the balloon cavity communicates with a negative-pressure oxygen suction tube. 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 8 - FIG. 11 , a support spring  22  is provided inside the balloon of the above negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , and the support spring  22  is arranged laterally, and has two ends respectively connected to the inner wall of the balloon, such that when laterally squeezing the balloon, the support spring  22  can generate a restoring force to restore the shape of the balloon, thereby ensuring that the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  can form an effective negative pressure during the application process, and can be manufactured by injection molding or other molding processes; or a support spring  22  and an anti-backflow valve  14  are provided inside the balloon of the above negative-pressure suction ball  2816 , wherein the anti-backflow valve  14  is provided at the place where the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  communicates with the suction control channel  2817 , so as to prevent backflowing phenomenon of sucked sputum and blood. 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 12 - FIG. 14 , the inner tube wall of the above negative-pressure suction tube  2818  is provided with at least one internal rifling  23 . The depth of the internal rifling  23  may be 0.1-0.3 mm, and the rifling is used to change the linear flow according to the hydrodynamics of the fluid head of the sputum or blood, and reduce the frictional resistance of the fluid during the flow line movement in the tube, to form tube flows not interfering with each other. Such rifling may be manufactured by injection molding or other molding processes and integrally formed at one time. In addition, according to the principles of hydrodynamics, although the sputum or blood has a relatively high viscosity and is not an ideal fluid, the flowing thereof in the negative-pressure suction tube  2818  also complies with basic hydrodynamics equations such as Bernoulli&#39;s equation. 
     Optionally, as shown in  FIG. 15 , the above negative-pressure suction tube  2818  has a suction control hole  13 , and the hole wall of the suction control hole  13  is provided with at least one internal groove line  24 . The internal groove line  24  of the suction control hole  13  has a depth of 0.2-0.5 mm and a width of 0.2-0.5 mm, and is used to reduce, according to the hydrodynamics of the fluid head of the sputum or blood, frictional resistance of the fluid during the flow line movement in the tube. Such groove line may be manufactured by injection molding or other molding processes and can be integrally formed at one time. 
     As shown in  FIG. 16 , when sucking sputum and blood, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use must have negative-pressure suction force which overcomes the viscosity of the sputum and blood and the resistance coefficient of the tube wall. In order to be suitable for field first aid, battlefield rescuing, home first aid and public occasions and be able to be opened and used within 30 seconds in an emergency, the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  generating the negative-pressure suction force has to be subjected to a tension elastic recovery research. For cases where there is much sputum and blood, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use can meet the requirements of continuous suction, without continuously and repeatedly pulling out and inserting the suction tube for sucking the sputum and blood, enabling simple and convenient operation. 
     As shown in  FIG. 17 , when sucking contents in esophagus and stomach, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use must have negative-pressure suction force which overcomes the viscosity of the contents in esophagus and stomach and the resistance coefficient of the tube wall. In order to be suitable for field first aid, battlefield rescuing, home first aid and public occasions and be able to be opened and used within 30 seconds in an emergency, the negative-pressure suction ball  2816  generating the negative pressure suction force has to be subjected to a tension elastic recovery research. For cases where there are many contents in esophagus and stomach, the efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use can meet the requirements of continuous suction, without continuously and repeatedly pulling out and inserting the suction tube for sucking the contents in esophagus and stomach, enabling simple and convenient operation. 
     The efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, which is a tool for both military and civilian purposes, is a suction tool suitable for rescuing the wounded and the sick whose respiratory tracts have much sputum and bleeding or whose buccal, esophageal or gastric secretions need to be urgently handled on site, in the field, outdoor informal medical places, battlefields or emergency accident places; and relates to a geometric structure modification of disposable medical rescue tool designed and researched based on material mechanics, fluid mechanics and aerodynamics. 
     The above are only preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     The efficient-support portable constant-negative-pressure suction device for outdoor use provided in the present disclosure is a tool for both military and civilian purpose; is suitable for rescuing the wounded and the sick whose respiratory tracts have much sputum and bleeding or whose buccal, esophageal or gastric secretions need to be urgently handled on site, in the field, outdoor informal medical places, battlefields or emergency accident places; and has a wide application prospect in the field of first aid, and has the advantage of mass production.