Patent Publication Number: US-2015083039-A1

Title: Coating apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a continuation application of International Patent Application No. PCT/JP2013/064603 filed May 27, 2013, which claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-126750, filed Jun. 4, 2012, the full contents of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a coating apparatus comprising a coating zone where a coating film is continuously formed on a long belt-shaped web, the base material of which is paper, plastic film, metal foil, or the like. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a coating apparatus comprising a coating zone configured so that the path along which a web passes through the coating apparatus, i.e. the path line of a web, can be flexibly changed. 
     2. Background 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , a coating apparatus  101  that continuously forms a coating film on a long belt-shaped web normally comprises a supply zone  103 , a coating zone  105 , a drying zone  107 , and a winding zone  109 . The supply zone  103  has a supply roll  111  that continuously feeds out a web T. The coating zone  105  has a coating part  112  that applies a coating liquid to the web T. The drying zone  107  has a drying device  115  that dries the coating liquid which was applied to the web T so as to form a coating film. The winding zone  109  has a winding roll  117  that takes up a web T′ with the coating film by winding. 
     It can be generally assumed that changes need to be made to coating apparatuses in response to product-related requests from customers. Such changes relate to, for example: the raw material of the product, including the type of web or coating liquid; the number of coatings applied; and the surface to be coated. 
     To change the raw material of the product, the installation of a coating zone may need to be changed with a different coating part. Moreover, to change the number of coatings applied, the web surface to be coated, or the like—e.g., to change from single-sided surface application to double-sided surface application—the path line may need to be changed for the entire coating apparatus. 
     However, in the conventional coating apparatus  101 , the supply zone  103 , the coating zone  105 , the drying zone  107 , and the winding zone  109  are integrally formed as an entire device. Hence, in the above situation, when the raw material of the product, the number of coatings applied, or the like needs to be changed in response to a new product-related request from a customer, a portion of, or the entire coating apparatus needs to be newly produced or improved to address the request, which is time-consuming and costly. The resulting problem is that it is not possible to promptly respond to a new product-related request from a customer. 
     A means for improving (or replacing) a part of the coating apparatus, such as a coating part comprised in a coating zone, is disclosed in, e.g., Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. H8-281196. In the coating apparatus of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. H8-281196, a plurality of coating tools are made modular so as to enable the ease of replacement thereof. 
     In the configuration of the coating apparatus of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. H8-281196, coating tools are simply configured modularly so that a plurality of different coating parts are replaceable. However, for example, there is a situation where the web coating method needs to be changed from single-sided surface application to double-sided surface application. To address this situation, the path line of the entire coating apparatus should be changed by effectively using a portion of the coating apparatus—e.g., a coating zone—for single-sided surface coating as a portion of the coating apparatus—e.g., a coating zone—for double-sided surface coating. However, the foregoing is not addressed by the coating apparatus of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application Publication No. H8-281196. 
     SUMMARY 
     The object according to the present disclosure is to provide a coating apparatus in which a coating zone having a coating part is formed as an entire single coating unit. To address changes of the raw material of the product, the number of coatings applied, the web surface to be coated, or the like, a portion of, or the entire path line of the coating apparatus can be changed flexibly. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to providing a coating apparatus in which a coating zone configured in the coating apparatus prior to changing the path line can be effectively used as-is after the change. 
     To achieve the above object, the present disclosure mainly provides the following features:
     (1) A coating apparatus comprises: a supply zone having a supply roll that continuously feeds out a long belt-shaped web; a coating zone having a coating part that applies a coating liquid to an at least single-sided surface of the web fed out and conveyed from the supply roll; a drying zone that dries a coating liquid film applied to the web so as to form a coating film; and a winding zone having a winding roll that takes up the web with the coating film by winding. The coating zone forms an entire single coating unit in which one or more feed rolls and the coating part that applies a coating liquid are arranged in a rectangular-cuboidally delimited space; and the coating unit is configured so that the entry and exit of the web is enabled through any of four imaginary planes of the rectangular-cuboidally delimited space that surround the peripheral surface of the feed roll.   (2) In the coating apparatus according to (1) above, the delimited space is formed by delimitation with a frame body.   (3) In the coating apparatus according to (1) above, the coating unit has two or more provided rolls, including the one or more feed rolls.   (4) In the coating apparatus according to (3) above, the provided rolls are provided in the coating unit so that the web is brought into contact with at least one feed roll of the one or more feed rolls and so that the surface of the web where the coating liquid film is formed does not contact any of the provided rolls in the coating unit when the web passes through the coating unit.   (5) In the coating apparatus according to (4) above, the at least one feed roll is provided so that the wrap angle between the at least one feed roll and the web is greater than or equal to 5 degrees.   (6) In the coating apparatus according to (3) above, the provided rolls are provided at or near an intersection of imaginary lines drawn in a grid form on a plane including a transversal surface that is orthogonal to the axis lines of the provided rolls.   

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating the conventional coating apparatus. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating a coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is an expanded diagram of only the coating zone (coating unit) of the coating apparatus illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view illustrating the configuration of the main portion of the coating zone (coating unit) of the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are conceptual diagrams illustrating that in the coating zone (coating unit) comprised in the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure, a provided roll can be moved from intersection X along imaginary line m.  FIG. 5A  illustrates the state before moving, and  FIG. 5B  illustrates the state after moving. 
         FIGS. 6A to 6P  are conceptual diagrams illustrating various embodiments of the path lines along which the web T can pass through the coating zone when two provided rolls are provided in the coating zone (coating unit) comprised in the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 7A to 7T ,  FIGS. 8A to 8T ,  FIGS. 9A to 9T  and  FIGS. 10A to 10G  are conceptual diagrams illustrating various embodiments of the path line along which the web T can pass through two to nine provided rolls provided at any of the intersections of imaginary lines drawn in a grid form in the coating unit comprised in the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure, which is an example coating apparatus for single-sided surface application of a web. 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure, which is an example coating apparatus for double-sided surface application of a web. 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This coating apparatus is one example coating apparatus for single-sided surface application of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating and guide zones. 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This device is one example coating apparatus for double-sided surface application of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating, guide, and laminating zones. 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This apparatus is one example coating apparatus for double-sided surface application of a web in which a coating unit is used for coating, guide, and laminating zones. 
         FIG. 16  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This apparatus is one example coating apparatus for double-sided surface application of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating and laminating zones. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure are hereinbelow demonstrated in reference to the drawings. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an overview of the main portion of a typical coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. 
     A coating apparatus  1  according to the present disclosure illustrated in  FIG. 2  mainly comprises a supply zone  3 , a coating zone  5 , a drying zone  7 , and a winding zone  9 . 
     The supply zone  3  has a supply roll  11  that continuously feeds out a long belt-shaped web T. The web T may comprise a sheet or film material in a long belt shape so that the web can be wound around the supply roll  11  like a coil and so that a coating film can be formed on the surface of the web. There are no particular restrictions with regard to the type of web material, which may include paper, plastic film, and metal foil, for example. 
     The coating zone  5  has a coating part  12  that applies a coating liquid to form a coating liquid film on an at least single-side of the web T fed out and conveyed from the supply roll  11 . 
     Types of coating devices (coaters)  12   a  comprising the coating part  12  include for example, die coaters, gravure coaters, kiss coaters, reverse roll coaters, roll knife coaters, and rod coaters. In the present disclosure, there is no particular restriction with regard to the type of the coater  12   a.    
     In  FIG. 2 , the coating part  12  comprises the coater  12   a  and two tension rolls  12   b,    12   b.  The tension rolls  12   b,    12   b,  which are arranged on the side of the web T other than the side thereof where the coater  12   a  is arranged, apply a specific tensile force to the web T. For instance, as illustrated in  FIG. 7A , the coating part  12  may comprise the coater  12   a  and one backup roll  12   c  so that the backup roll  12   c  is arranged at a position where the backup roll  12   c  is opposite to the coater  12   a  with the web T therebetween. In the present disclosure, there is no particular restriction with regard to the configuration of the coating part  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the drying zone  7  has a drying device  15 , which dries a coating liquid film applied to the web T to form a coating film. Examples of the drying device  15  include hot-air driers and infrared driers. It is obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art that operation or provision of the drying device  15  is not necessary when the drying zone  7  is of a size sufficient for natural air drying to take place on the continuous line. 
     Installed in the winding zone  9  is a winding roll  17  that takes up and winds a web T′ having a coating film. 
     The configuration according to the present disclosure is mainly characterized in that a coating unit  6 , which is a single entire modular unit, is formed as the coating zone  5  having the coating part  12 . Specifically, in the coating zone  5 , provided rolls  20 , one or more of which are feed rolls, and the coating part  12  that applies a coating liquid  12  are arranged in a rectangular-cuboidally delimited space  21  in order to form the entire single coating unit  6 . In  FIG. 2 , one feed roll  18  (represented by a black circle) and five guide rolls  19  (represented by a white circle) are the provided rolls. Also, the coating unit  6  is configured so that the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  that surround the peripheral surface of the feed roll  18 . By employing this configuration, the path line can be flexibly changed for a portion of, or the entirety of the coating apparatus  1  in response to changes of the raw material of the product, the number of coatings applied, the surface of the web T to be coated, or the like. In particular, the coating apparatus  1  according to the present disclosure can effectively use the coating zone of the coating apparatus prior to the path line change (see  FIG. 11 ) as the coating zone of the coating apparatus after the path line change (see  FIG. 12 ). 
       FIG. 3  is an expanded view of only the coating zone (coating unit) of the coating apparatus illustrated in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the coating unit  6  comprised in the coating zone  5  according to the present disclosure. 
     The coating unit  6 , in the rectangular-cuboidally delimited space  21  thereof, has the coating part  12  and the provided rolls  20 . The rectangular-cuboidally delimited space  21  is a space delimited in a rectangular cuboidal shape so that it is surrounded by six imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   f  (the imaginary planes  21   e  and  21   f  are not shown). It is preferable that the coating unit  6  comprises a frame body forming a rectangular-cuboidally delimited space. However, six plate covers may be attached to the frame body so as to provide a casing that forms a rectangular-cuboidally delimited space. The frame body may have a rectangular cuboidal shape, but, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , as long as the coating part  12  and provided rolls  20  are supported by the frame body and comprised in the rectangular-cuboidally delimited space, the shape of the space does not need to be rectangular cuboidal. The delimited space  21  does not need to be strictly of a rectangular cuboidal shape. However, the coating unit  6  is preferably configured so that the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of the four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  of the rectangular-cuboidally delimited space  21  that surround peripheral surface of the feed roll  18 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , on a plane containing a transversal plane orthogonal to the axis lines of the provided rolls, it is preferable to arrange the four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  in a manner such that the rolls are positioned vertically symmetrical, horizontally symmetrical, or vertically and horizontally symmetrical. 
     In particular, it is preferable that the coating unit  6  comprises a frame body surrounding the rectangular-cuboidally delimited space  21  and that, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the provided rolls  20  are provided at or near intersections X of imaginary lines m and n in a grid pattern. It is also preferable that the provided rolls  20  are placed at the intersections X of the coating unit  6  so as to be vertically or horizontally symmetrical. 
     In the foregoing configuration, the coating unit  6  can be rotated by 180° in the vertical direction or 90°, 180°, or 270° in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, the coating units  6  can be stacked in a plurality of levels for use. As a result, the path line can be flexibly changed in the coating zone  5  as well as in the entire coating apparatus  1 , thereby achieving effective use of the coating unit  6  and space-saving installation of the coating apparatus  1 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the specific meaning of a location being near the intersection X is that the location on one of the imaginary lines m and n deviates from the intersection by less than 20% of the distance between the provided rolls. 
       FIGS. 5A and 5B  are conceptual diagrams illustrating that a provided roll can be moved from the intersection X to another location on the imaginary line m in the coating zone (coating unit) comprised in the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure.  FIG. 5A  illustrates the status before moving, and  FIG. 5B  illustrates the status after moving. 
     Six provided rolls  20  are arranged in the coating unit  6  illustrated in  FIG. 5A . The distance between the provided rolls  20 , 20  provided on the imaginary line m is, e.g., 400 mm. As illustrated in  FIG. 5B , one of the provided rolls  20  in the coating unit  6  in  FIG. 5A  can be moved along the imaginary line m so as to be located, e.g., 80 mm above the imaginary line n. Specifically, the provided roll can be moved to a location deviating from the intersection by less than 20% of the distance between the provided rolls  20 , 20 . By moving the provided roll  20  away from the intersection X, the wrap angle of the web T with respect to the provided roll can be appropriately adjusted. However, when a malfunction is caused by a decrease in the wrap angle of the web T with respect to the provided roll due to the movement of the provided roll away from the intersection X, the provided roll does not need to be moved from the intersection X. For instance, it is possible to assume that when the feed roll  18  is moved from the intersection X along the imaginary line m so as to be located above the imaginary line n in the coating unit  6  of, e.g.,  FIGS. 9B ,  9 D,  9 E and  9 G, a coating liquid cannot be stably applied to the web T on the path line. The reason is that the aforementioned movement causes a decrease in the wrap angle of the web T with respect to the backup roll  12   c.    
     When all the provided rolls  20  in the coating unit  6  are provided at or near the intersections X, the distance between provided rolls  20 , 20  is kept constant. Since the path line of the web T in principle runs in the vertical and horizontal directions in the coating unit  6 , the smooth exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of the four planes  21   a  to  21   d  of the coating unit  6  that surround the peripheral surfaces of the provided rolls  20  while the tension (tensile force) of the web T is maintained at an appropriate level. Since various path lines of the web T can be employed in the coating unit  6 , the same coating unit  6  can be used as any coating unit of a plurality of coating apparatuses. Such use is also applicable to the situation where the path lines need to be changed in the entire coating apparatus. 
     Guide rollers that can be used as the provided rolls  20  include all kinds of guide rollers such as the feed roll  18 , which is a drive roll driven by a motor and the rotating speed thereof is controlled by the motor; a roller that changes the conveyance direction; and a roller that maintains the tension (tensile force) during long-distance conveyance. 
     Examples of the feed roll  18  include: a suction roll that retains the web T on the roll by suctioning; and a nip roll that cooperates with another roll to hold the web T therebetween. 
     A specific means for driving the feed roll  18 , such as a motor or power supply, is not illustrated in the drawings. Such a drive means may be built into the coating unit  6  or installed as a separate external unit, and can be suitably chosen depending on the requirement. 
       FIGS. 6A to 6P  are conceptual diagrams illustrating expected path lines of the web T in the coating unit  6  used according to the present disclosure when the number of the provided rolls  20  in the coating unit  6  is two. With regard to each of  FIGS. 6A to 6P , Table 1 depicts which of the imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  of the delimited space serves as an entry or exit of the web T when it passes through the coating unit  6 . The respective coating units  6  of  FIGS. 6A to 6P  comprise one feed roll  18  represented by a black circle, one guide roll  19  represented by a white circle, and the coater  12   a  represented by the pentagon. The arrow in the figure denotes the conveyance direction of the web T. Also, “Left”, “Bottom”, “Right”, and “Top” in Table 1 respectively denote “Plane  21   a ”, “Plane  21   b ”, “Plane  21   c ”, and “Plane  21   d ”, which refer respectively to the imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d.    
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Exit of web from coating 
               
               
                 FIGS. 
                 Entry of web to coating unit 
                 unit 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 FIG. 6A 
                 Left 
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIG. 6B 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                 FIG. 6C 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIG. 6D 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIG. 6E 
                 Right 
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIG. 6F 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                 FIG. 6G 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIG. 6H 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIG. 6I 
                 Lower 
                 Upper 
               
               
                 FIG. 6J 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIG. 6K 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIG. 6L 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIG. 6M 
                 Upper 
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIG. 6N 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIG. 6O 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIG. 6P 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIGS. 6A to 6P  and Table 1 illustrate that the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of the four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  that surround the peripheral surface of the feed roll  18 . When the number of the provided rolls  20  is two, a total of sixteen path lines are possible. 
     The present disclosure adopts a configuration where the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of the four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  of the coating unit  6 . It is readily appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that when the coating unit  6  comprising the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure is used, it is possible to adopt a configuration, e.g., where the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through three, two or one of the surfaces. 
       FIGS. 7A to 7T ,  FIGS. 8A to 8T ,  FIGS. 9A to 9T  and  FIGS. 10A to 10G  depict a conceptual diagram illustrating various path lines of the web T in the coating unit  6  comprising the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. The respective coating units  6  in  FIGS. 7A to 7T ,  FIGS. 8A to 8T ,  FIGS. 9A to 9T  and  FIGS. 10A to 10G  comprise one feed roll  18  represented by the black circle, various types of the guide rolls  19  represented by the white circle, and the coater  12   a  represented by the pentagon. The arrow in the figure denotes the conveyance direction of the web T. Also, “Left”, “Bottom”, “Right”, and “Top” in Table 2 respectively denote “Plane  21   a ”, “Plane  21   b ”, “Plane  21   c ”, and “Plane  21   d ”, which refer respectively to imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d.    
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Entry of web to 
                 Exit of web from 
               
               
                 FIGS. 
                 coating unit 
                 coating unit 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 FIGS. 7A, 7N, 8S, 9K, 9M and 10A 
                 Left 
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7C, 7P, 8G, 9L, 9R, 9S, 9T, 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                 10D and 10F 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7D, 8H and 9A 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7B, 7O, 8F, 8T, 9Q, 10B 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 and 10E 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7R, 8J and 9C 
                 Right 
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7F, 7S, 8C, 8K and 10C 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7G, 8L and 9D 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7E, 7Q, 8I and 9B 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7I, 8B and 8N 
                 Lower 
                 Upper 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7H, 7T, 9E and 10G 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIGS. 8A, 8M and 9F 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7J, 8O and 9G 
                   
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7M, 8R, 9J and 9O 
                 Upper 
                 Lower 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7K and 9H 
                   
                 Right 
               
               
                 FIGS. 8D, 8P, 9I and 9P 
                   
                 Left 
               
               
                 FIGS. 7L, 8E, 8Q and 9N 
                   
                 Upper 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIGS. 7A to 7T ,  FIGS. 8A to 8T ,  FIGS. 9A to 9T  and  FIGS. 10A to 10G  and Table 2 illustrate that when the coating unit  6  formed as the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure is used, a configuration where the exit or entry of the web T is enabled through any of the four imaginary planes  21   a  to  21   d  that surround the peripheral surface of the feed roll  18  is possible. 
     When the coating method, the path line, or the like of the coating unit  6  is changed, changes such as replacement, addition, and like may be appropriately made with regard to the locations and number of the provided rolls  20 , including the feed roll  18 . To save the labor involved in replacement, etc. of the provided rolls  20 , the coating unit  6  may be rotated clockwise by 90°, 180°, or 270° for use thereof. For example, as can be understood by comparing  FIG. 7B  and  FIG. 81 , the coating unit  6  can be used in a 180° rotated configuration. 
     The coating part  12  may be provided at any location so as to be adjusted to the surface of the web T to which a coating liquid is applied. For instance, as can be seen in the coating units of  FIG. 7A ,  FIG. 8F ,  FIG. 8S  and  FIG. 9K , the coating part  12  is arranged at locations adjacent to the provided roll  20  on the left, right, upper, and lower sides thereof. The coating liquid may be applied while the web T is pressed against the provided roll  20 , which is illustrated as the backup roll  12   c.  In the coating unit illustrated in  FIG. 7Q , coating liquid is applied to the web T while applying a tension on the web T by two tension rolls  12   b,    12   b.    
     In the present disclosure, to smoothly and unfailingly convey the web T, it is preferable that the coating unit  6  is configured to have two or more provided rolls  20 , including one or more feed rolls  18 . In a particularly preferable configuration of the coating unit  6 , the web is in contact with at least one feed roll  18  of the aforementioned one or more feed rolls  18 , and the provided rolls  20  are provided so that the surface of the web T where a coating liquid film is formed does not contact any of the provided rolls  20  of the coating unit  6  when the web T passes through the coating unit  6 . The reason is that this configuration is preferable for preventing occurrence of problems, such as the surface of the web T becoming contaminated by a part of the coating liquid adhered to the peripheral surface of the provided roll  20 . 
     Also, to stably convey the web T, the wrap angle of the at least one feed roll  18  with respect to the web T is preferably 5° or greater, particularly preferably 15° or greater. 
       FIG. 11  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure when a coating liquid is applied to a single-side of the web T. The coating apparatus  1 A illustrated in  FIG. 11  comprises the supply zone  3 , the coating zone  5 , the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 , wherein the coating zone  5  is formed as the modular coating unit  6 . 
     The coating apparatus  1 A is arranged so that the components thereof are horizontally aligned in the following order: the supply zone  3 , the coating zone  5  (coating unit  6 ), the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 . Along the path line, the web T passes through the components of the coating apparatus  1 A in the following order: the supply zone  3 , the coating zone  5  (coating unit  6 ), the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 , so that a coating liquid can be applied to a single-side of the web T. 
       FIG. 12  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating the coating apparatus according to the present disclosure when a coating liquid is applied to both sides of the web T. The coating apparatus  1 B according to the present disclosure illustrated in  FIG. 12  comprises: the supply zone  3 ; two coating zones—i.e., a first coating zone  5   a  and a second coating zone  5   b;  two drying zones—i.e., a first drying zone  7   a  and a second drying zone  7   b;  and the winding zone  9 . The first coating zone  5   a  and the second coating zone  5   b,  which are the two coating zones, are formed as the modular first coating unit  6   a  and the modular second coating unit  6   b,  respectively. 
     The coating apparatus  1 B is configured in such a manner that zones are divided in two levels: upper and lower levels. The web T fed out from the supply zone  3  at the lower level is conveyed in the following order: the first coating zone  5   a  (first coating unit  6   a ) and the drying zone  7   a.  Thereafter, the web T passes through upper-level components in the following order: the second coating zone  5   b  (second coating unit  6   b ) and the second drying zone  7   b,  and then the web T is wound in the winding zone  9 . In this way, a coating liquid can be applied to both sides of the web T. 
     Although the path lines of the coating apparatuses  1 A, 1 B are different, the coating unit of the coating apparatus  1 A or  1 B can be employed as the coating unit of the other of the two coating apparatuses. Specifically, the coating unit  6  comprising the coating apparatus  1 A for coating a single side can be used as either of the coating unit  6   a,   6   b  comprising the coating apparatus  1 B for coating both sides. Conversely, one of the coating units  6   a,   6   b  comprising the coating apparatus  1 B for coating both sides can also be used as the coating unit  6  comprising the coating device apparatus  1 A for coating a single side. 
     An essential subject matter of the coating apparatus  1 A according to the present disclosure is that the coating zone  5  is formed as a single coating unit  6 . For example, the other zones of the coating apparatus  1 A—e.g., the supply zone  3 , the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 —can also be formed as a modular unit as in the case of the coating zone  5 . In such a configuration, the coating apparatus can be modified and used as various types of coating apparatuses, e.g., as the coating apparatus, while units comprising the coating apparatus prior to the modification can be effectively used as-is. 
     The coating apparatus according to the present disclosure uses the coating unit  6  as the coating zone, in principle. However, as illustrated in  FIGS. 13 to 16 , the coating unit coating unit  6  can be used as the guide zone  4  and a laminating zone  10 . 
       FIG. 13  is a schematic layout diagram illustrating another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This coating apparatus is one example of coating apparatuses for coating a single side of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating and guide zones. 
     A coating apparatus  1 C illustrated in  FIG. 13  comprises the supply zone  3 , the guide zone  4 , the coating zone  5 , the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 . The guide zone  4  has guide rolls that guides the web T from one zone to another, e.g., from the supply zone  3  to the coating zone  5 , from the coating zone  5  to the drying zone, or from the drying zone  7  to the winding zone  9 . The coating zone  5  and the guide zone  4  are each formed of the modular coating unit  6  of the present disclosure. 
     The coating apparatus  1 C is arranged so that components thereof are horizontally aligned in the following order: the supply zone  3 , the guide zone  4 , the coating zone  5 , the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 . Along the path line of the coating apparatus  1 C, the web T passes through components the following order: the supply zone  3 , the guide zone  4 , the coating zone  5 , the drying zone  7 , and the winding zone  9 , thereby enabling application of a coating liquid to one side of the web T. 
       FIG. 14  is a schematic layout diagram of another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This apparatus is one example coating apparatus for coating both sides of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating, guide, and laminating zones. 
     A coating apparatus  1 D illustrated in  FIG. 14  comprises: a first supply zone  3 ; three guide zones, wherein the three zones are a first guide zone  4   a,  a second guide zone  4   b,  and a third guide zone  4   c;  two coating zones, wherein the two coating zones are a first coating zone  5   a  and a second coating zone  5   b;  two drying zones, wherein the two zones are a first drying zone  7   a  and a second drying zone  7   b;  the winding zone  9 ; a second supply zone  13  comprising supply rolls for the web U that feeds out the web U, wherein the web U is a release paper or the like; and the laminating zone  10  comprising a laminator that laminates the web T and the web U. 
     There are components of the coating apparatus  1 D that are formed as the modular coating unit  6  according to the present disclosure. Such components are as follows: the first coating zone  5   a  and the second coating zone  5   b;  the three guide zones—i.e., the first guide zone  4   a,  the second guide zone  4   b,  and the third guide zone  4   c;  and the laminating zone  10 . 
     Zones of the coating apparatus  1 D are arranged in two levels. In this arrangement, the web T, which has been fed out from the first supply zone  3  at the lower level, passes through components in the following order: the first guide zone  4   a,  the first coating zone  5   a,  the first drying zone  7   a,  and the second coating zone  5   b.  In turn, the web T passes through upper-level components in the following order: the second guide zone  4   b,  the second drying zone  7   b,  and the third guide zone  4   c.  Thereafter, at the laminating zone  10  at the lower level, the web T is laminated with the web U fed out from the second supply zone  13  that has supply rolls for the web U, and the laminated web is wound in the winding zone  9 . In this way, a coating liquid can be applied to both sides of the web T. 
       FIG. 15  is a schematic layout diagram of another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This apparatus is one example coating apparatus for coating both sides of a web in which a coating unit is used in coating, guide, and laminating zones. 
     A coating apparatus  1 E illustrated in  FIG. 15  comprises: the first supply zone  3 ; two coating zones, wherein the two coating zones are a first coating zone  5   a  and a second coating zone  5   b;  five guide zones, wherein the five guide zones are a first guide zone  4   a,  a second guide zone  4   b,  a third guide zone  4   c,  a fourth guide zone  4   d,  and a fifth guide zone  4   e;  two drying zones, wherein the two drying zones are a first drying zone  7   a  and a second drying zone  7   b;  the laminating zone  10 ; the winding zone  9 ; the second supply zone  13  that has supply rolls for the web U that feeds out the web U; and two guide zones for the web U, wherein the two guide zones are a sixth guide zone  14   a  and a seventh guide zone  14   b.    
     There are components of the coating apparatus  1 E that are formed as the modular coating unit  6  according to the present disclosure. Such components are as follows: the first coating zone  5   a  and the second coating zone  5   b;  the first guide zone  4   a,  the second guide zone  4   b,  the third guide zone  4   c,  the fourth guide zone  4   d,  and the fifth guide zone  4   e;  the sixth guide zone  14   a  and the seventh guide zone  14   b;  and the laminating zone  10 . 
     Zones of the coating apparatus  1 E are arranged in two levels. In this arrangement, the web T, which has been fed out from the first supply zone  3  at the lower level, passes through components in the following order: the first guide zone  4   a,  the second guide zone  4   b,  the first coating zone  5   a,  the first drying zone  7   a,  and the third guide zone  4   c.  In turn, in the laminating zone, the web T is laminated with the web U fed out from the second supply zone  13  that has supply rolls for the web U, wherein the web U has passed through the sixth guide zone  14   a  and the seventh guide zone  14   b.  The laminated web again passes through the third guide zone  4   c  and then through zones at the lower level in the following order: the fourth guide zone  4   d,  the second coating zone  5   b,  the second drying zone  7   b,  and the fifth guide zone  4   e,  and is wound in the winding zone  9 . In this way, a coating liquid can be applied to both sides of the web T. 
       FIG. 16  is a schematic layout diagram of another coating apparatus according to the present disclosure. This apparatus is one example coating apparatus for coating both sides of a web in which a coating unit is used as coating and laminating zones. 
     A coating apparatus  1 F illustrated in  FIG. 16  comprises: two supply zones, wherein two supply zones are a first supply zone  3   a  and a second supply zone  3   b,  which feed out a web Ta and a web Tb, respectively; two coating zones, wherein the two coating zones are a first coating zone  5   a  and a second coating zone  5   b;  two drying zones, wherein the two drying zones are a first drying zone  7   a  and a second drying zone  7   b;  the winding zone  9 ; two laminating zones, wherein the two laminating zones are a first laminating zone  10   a  and a second laminating zone  10   b;  and the third supply zone  13  that has supply rolls for the web U that feed out the web U. 
     There are components of the coating apparatus  1 F that are formed as the modular coating unit  6  according to the present disclosure. Such components are as follows: the first coating zone  5   a  and the second coating zone  5   b;  and the first laminating zone  10   a  and the second laminating zone  10   b.    
     Each zone of the coating apparatus  1 F is arranged in two levels. In this arrangement, a web Ta, which has been fed out from the first supply zone  3   a  at the upper level, passes through components in the following order: the first coating zone  5   a  and the first drying zone  7   a.  In turn, in the first laminating zone  10   a,  the web Ta is laminated with the web U fed out from the third supply zone  13  that has supply rolls for the web U. A web Tb, which has been fed out from the second supply zone  3   b  at the lower level, passes through lower-level components in the following order: the second coating zone  5   b  and the second drying zone  7   b.  Thereafter, the web Tb is laminated with the web Ta, which has been laminated with the web U, in the second laminating zone  10   b,  and then the laminated web is wound in the winding zone  9 . In this way, a coating liquid can be applied to both sides of the web T. 
     According to the present disclosure, a coating zone having an entire coating part is formed as a single coating unit. To address changes of the raw material of the product, the number of coatings applied, the web surface to be coated, or the like, a portion of, or the entire path lines of the coating apparatus can be changed flexibly. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to providing a coating apparatus in which a coating zone comprised in the coating apparatus prior to changing the path lines can be effectively used as-is after the change.