Patent Publication Number: US-2021173527-A1

Title: Electronic apparatus executing processing based on move operation

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an electronic apparatus having a function of detecting a move operation, and particularly, relates to a calibration method of the function. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     An electronic apparatus on which various operating members (pointing devices) for designating positions are mounted is known. For example, an electronic apparatus in which selection or movement of an object is controlled according to a move operation (a slide operation) of touching and sliding a touch operating member is known as an electronic apparatus having a touch operating member which is one kind of a pointing device. An electronic apparatus in which selection or movement of an object is controlled by a mouse drag or the like is also known. 
     Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-128738 proposes a method of selecting a position based on movement of a position to be touched subsequently from among a plurality of selection candidate positions located in a moving direction obtained by two points of an initial slide operation so that a position located in a direction intended by a user can be easily selected by the slide operation. 
     In a move operation of moving an operating body (a finger or the like touching a touch operating member) or an operating member (a mouse or the like), the habit of moving a moving target generally differs from user to user. Due to factors such as a difference in the habit of each user, the direction of a move operation intended by a user may differ from an operating direction detected by the device, and a move operation in the direction intended by the user may not be performed. In the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-128738, since a subsequent moving direction (an operating direction) is limited by the two points of an initial slide operation, in a case where the user changes the moving direction intentionally during the slide operation, the position located in the direction intended by the user may not be selected. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Therefore, the present invention provides an electronic apparatus in which processing corresponding to a direction closer to a direction intended by a user is executed as processing that corresponds to the direction of a move operation. 
     The present invention in its first aspect provides an electronic apparatus includes: at least one processor and/or at least one circuit to perform the operations of the following units: an operation-detecting unit configured to detect a move operation; a notification unit configured to send a notification prompting a user to perform a move operation of drawing a linear trajectory in a specific direction; and an execution unit configured to (1) acquire reference curve information indicating information on a curve based on a trajectory of a first move operation corresponding to the notification, which has been detected by the operation-detecting unit, wherein the reference curve information is information for determining whether the move operation is in the specific direction, and (2) execute processing based on a direction based on comparison between the reference curve information and a trajectory of a third move operation, in a case where the third move operation is performed later than the first move operation. 
     Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  are external views of a camera; 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of a camera; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are diagrams illustrating the structure of an AF-ON button; and 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  are diagrams illustrating an operation example of a camera. 
         FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a first calibration process: 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating an example of an operation instruction screen: 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the first calibration process: 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart of a first slide response process; 
         FIGS. 9A to 9F  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the first slide response process; 
         FIG. 10  is a flowchart of a second slide response process: 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the second slide response process: 
         FIG. 12  is a flowchart of the second slide response process; and 
         FIGS. 13A to 13F  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the second slide response process. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.  FIGS. 1A and 1B  are external views of the body of a single-lens reflex camera  100  (hereinafter referred to as a camera) as an example of an imaging apparatus to which the present invention can be applied. Specifically.  FIG. 1A  is a view of the camera  100  as seen from a first surface (front surface) side and illustrates a state where a photographing lens unit is removed.  FIG. 1B  is a view of the camera  100  as seen from a second surface (back surface) side. The first surface is a front surface of the camera, which is a subject-side surface (the surface on the imaging direction side). The second surface is a back surface of the camera, which is a surface on the back side (opposite side) of the first surface, and is the surface close to the photographer looking into a finder  16 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1A , the camera  100  is provided with a first grip portion  101  that protrudes forward so that a user who uses the camera  100  can stably grip and operate the camera  100  in a horizontal capturing mode. Moreover, the camera  100  is provided with a second grip portion  102  that protrudes forward so that a user who uses the camera  100  can stably grip and operate the camera  100  in a vertical capturing mode. The first grip portion  101  extends along a first side (the left side among the two vertical sides on the left and right sides of  FIG. 1A ) of the front surface of the camera  100 , and the second grip portion  102  extends along a second side (the lower side among the two horizontal sides on the upper and lower sides of  FIG. 1A ) adjacent to the first side of the front surface. Shutter buttons  103  and  105  are operating members for issuing a photographing instruction. Main electronic dials  104  and  106  are rotary operating members and setting values such as a shutter speed and an aperture can be changed by rotating the main electronic dials  104  and  106 . The shutter buttons  103  and  105  and the main electronic dials  104  and  106  are included in an operating unit  70 . The shutter button  103  and the main electronic dial  104  are mainly used in a horizontal capturing mode and the shutter button  105  and the main electronic dial  106  are mainly used in a vertical capturing mode. 
     In  FIG. 1B , a display unit  28  displays images and various pieces of information. The display unit  28  is provided to be superimposed on or integrated with a touch panel  70   a  that can accept a touch operation (can detect a touch). AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  are operating members for setting a focus adjustment position and starting AF and are included in the operating unit  70 . In the present embodiment, the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  are touch operating members (infrared sensors in the present embodiment) that can accept a touch operation and a push operation. Such an optical operating member will be referred to as an optical tracking pointer (OTP). A user can perform a touch operation and a slide operation in an arbitrary two-dimensional direction with the thumb of the right hand holding the first grip portion  101  with respect to the AF-ON button  1  while looking into the finder  16  in a horizontal mode (in a state of holding the camera  100  in the horizontal position). Moreover, the user can perform a touch operation and a slide operation in an arbitrary two-dimensional direction with the thumb of the right hand holding the second grip portion  102  with respect to the AF-ON button  2  while looking at the finder  16  in a vertical mode. The vertical mode is a state of holding the camera  100  at a vertical position shifted by 90° from the horizontal position. The user operating the camera  100  can move a range-finding frame (the position of an AF frame used for AF, a focus adjustment position, and a focus detection position) displayed on the display unit  28  by a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  or  2 . Moreover, the user can immediately start AF based on the position of the range-finding frame by a push operation on the AF-ON button  1  or  2 . The AF-ON button  1  is mainly used in a horizontal capturing mode and the AF-ON button  2  is mainly used in a vertical capturing mode. 
     The arrangement of the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  will be described. As illustrated in  FIG. 1B , the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  are disposed on the back surface of the camera  100 . The AF-ON button  2  is disposed at a position closer to an apex formed by the side (the first side) extending along the first grip portion  101  and the side (the second side) extending along the second grip portion  102  than the other apexes on the back surface of the camera  100 . Moreover, the AF-ON button  2  is disposed at a position closer to the apex formed by the side along the first grip portion  101  and the side along the second grip portion  102  than the AF-ON button  1 . The side (the first side) along the first grip portion  101  on the back surface of the camera  100  is the right side among the two vertical sides on the left and right sides of  FIG. 1B . The side (the second side) along the second grip portion  102  on the back surface of the camera  100  is the lower side among the two horizontal sides on the upper and lower sides of  FIG. 1B . Here, the above-mentioned apex is an apex (an imaginary apex) of a polygon when the back surface of the camera  100  is regarded as a polygon. If the back surface of the camera  100  is a perfect polygon, the above-mentioned apex may be an apex (an actual apex of the camera  100 ) of the polygon. The first side is a right side (a vertical side) in the left-right direction of  FIG. 1B , the second side is a lower side (a horizontal side) in the up-down direction of  FIG. 1B , and the above-mentioned apex formed by the first and second sides is a bottom-right apex in  FIG. 1B . The AF-ON button  2  is disposed at a position closer to an end (a lower end) on the opposite side of an end (that is, an upper end) on the side where the AF-ON button  1  is present, on the side (the first side) along the first grip portion  101 . Moreover, the shutter button  103  is disposed at a position at which the shutter button  103  can be operated (pressed) by the index finger of the right hand holding the first grip portion  101 , and the shutter button  105  is disposed at a position at which the shutter button  105  can be operated by the index finger of the right hand holding the second grip portion  102 . The AF-ON button  1  is disposed at a position closer to the shutter button  103  than the AF-ON button  2 , and the AF-ON button  2  is disposed at a position closer to the shutter button  105  than the AF-ON button  1 . 
     The AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  are operating members different from the touch panel  70   a  and do not have a display function. In an example described later, an example of moving an indicator (an AF frame) indicating a range-finding position selected by an operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  is described. However, the function executed according to an operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  is not particularly limited. For example, an arbitrary indicator that is moved by a slide operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  may be used as long as the indicator is displayed on the display unit  28  and can be moved. For example, the indicator may be a pointing cursor such as a mouse cursor and may be a cursor indicating an option selected among a plurality of options (a plurality of items displayed on a menu screen). An indicator moved by a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  may be different from an indicator moved by a slide operation on the AF-ON button  2 . The function executed by a push operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  may be another function related to the function executed by the slide operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . 
     A mode changeover switch  60  is an operating member for switching various modes. A power supply switch  72  is an operating member for switching the power of the camera  100  on and off. A sub-electronic dial  73  is a rotary operating member for moving a selection frame and feeding images. Eight-direction keys  74   a  and  74   b  are operating members that can be pressed down in the up, down, left, right, upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right directions, respectively, and processes corresponding to the directions in which the eight-direction keys  74   a  and  74   b  are pressed down can be performed. The eight-direction key  74   a  is mainly used in a horizontal capturing mode and the eight-direction key  74   b  is mainly used in a vertical capturing mode. A SET button  75  is an operating member mainly used for confirming a selection item. A still image/video selection switch  77  is an operating member for switching between a still image capturing mode and a video capturing mode. An LV button  78  is an operating member for switching a live-view (hereinafter, LV) on and off. When LV is on, a mirror  12  described later moves (mirror-up) to a retraction position retracted from an optical axis, subject light is guided to an imaging unit  22  described later, and an LV mode in which a LV image is captured is set. In the LV mode, a subject image can be viewed in the LV image. When the LV is off, the mirror  12  moves (mirror-down) onto the optical axis, subject light is reflected, the subject light is guided to the finder  16 , and an OVF mode in which an optical image (an optical subject image) of the subject can be visually recognized from the finder  16  is set. A playback button  79  is an operating member for switching between a capturing mode (a photographing screen) and a playback mode (a playback screen). When a user presses the playback button  79  during a capturing mode, the user can enter a playback mode, and the latest image among the images recorded on a recording medium  200  (described later in  FIG. 2 ) can be displayed on the display unit  28 . A Q button  76  is an operating member for making quick setting. When a user presses the Q button  76  in a photographing screen, a setting item being displayed as a list of setting values can be selected. When a user selects a setting item, the user can enter a setting screen of each setting item. The mode changeover switch  60 , the power supply switch  72 , the sub-electronic dial  73 , the eight-direction keys  74   a  and  74   b , the SET button  75 , the Q button  76 , the still image/video selection switch  77 , the LV button  78 , and the playback button  79  are included in the operating unit  70 . A menu button  81  is included in the operating unit  70  and is an operating member for making various settings of the camera  100 . When the menu button  81  is pressed, a menu screen on which various settings can be made is displayed on the display unit  28 . A user can make various settings immediately using the menu screen displayed on the display unit  28  and the sub-electronic dial  73 , the eight-direction keys  74   a  and  74   b , the SET button  75 , and the main electronic dials  104  and  106 . The finder  16  is a look-in-type (eyepiece) finder for confirming focus and composition of an optical image of a subject obtained through a lens unit. An INFO button  82  is included in the operating unit  70  and displays various pieces of information of the camera  100  on the display unit  28 . 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the camera  100 . 
     A lens unit  150  is a lens unit on which exchangeable photographing lenses are mounted. A lens  155  generally includes a plurality of lenses such as a focus lens group and a zoom lens group, but only one lens is illustrated in  FIG. 2  for simplicity. A communication terminal  6  is a communication terminal for allowing the lens unit  150  to communicate with the camera  10 , and a communication terminal  10  is a communication terminal for allowing the camera  100  to communicate with the lens unit  150 . The lens unit  150  communicates with a system control unit  50  via the communication terminals  6  and  10 . In the lens unit  150 , an internal lens system control circuit  154  controls an aperture  151  with the aid of an aperture driving circuit  152  and displaces the position of the lens  155  with the aid of an AF drive circuit  153  to adjust the focus. The lens unit  150  is attached to a body side where the display unit  28  is present via an attachment portion to which the lens unit  150  can be attached. Various types of lenses such as a single-focus lens or a zoom lens can be attached as the lens unit  150 . 
     An AE sensor  17  measures the luminance of a subject (a subject light) having passed through the lens unit  150  and the quick-return mirror  12  and formed on a focusing screen  13 . 
     A focus detecting unit  11  is a phase difference detection-type AF sensor that captures an image (a subject light) incident through the quick-return mirror  12  and outputs defocus amount information to the system control unit  50 . The system control unit  50  controls the lens unit  150  on the basis of the defocus amount information and performs phase difference AF. The AF method may not be phase difference AF but may be contrast AF. Moreover, the phase difference AF may not use the focus detecting unit  11  but may be performed on the basis of a defocus amount detected on an imaging plane of the imaging unit  22  (imaging plane phase difference AF). 
     The quick-return mirror  12  (hereinafter, a mirror  12 ) is moved up and down by an actuator (not illustrated) according to an instruction from the system control unit  50  during exposure, live-view photographing, and moving-image photographing. The mirror  12  is a mirror for switching a light flux incident from the lens  155  toward the finder  16  or the imaging unit  22 . The mirror  12  is usually disposed so as to guide (reflect) a light flux toward the finder  16  (mirror-down). In a capturing mode or a live-view mode, the mirror  12  pops up to retract from a light flux so as to guide a light flux toward the imaging unit  22  (mirror-up). Moreover, a central part of the mirror  12  is configured as a half-mirror so that a portion of light can pass through the mirror  12 , and the mirror  12  transmits a portion of a light flux so as to be incident on the focus detecting unit  11  for detecting the focus. 
     A user can confirm the focusing state and the composition of an optical image of a subject obtained through the lens unit  150  by observing an image formed on the focusing screen  13  through a pentaprism  14  and the finder  16 . 
     A focal plane shutter  21  (shutter  21 ) controls an exposure time of the imaging unit  22  under the control of the system control unit  50 . 
     The imaging unit  22  is an imaging device (an imaging sensor) composed of CCD or CMOS devices that convert an optical image to an electrical signal. An A/D converter  23  is used for converting an analog signal output from the imaging unit  22  to a digital signal. 
     An image processing unit  24  performs predetermined processing (pixel interpolation, resizing processing such as reduction, and color conversion processing) with respect to data from the A/D converter  23  or data from a memory control unit  15 . The image processing unit  24  performs predetermined calculation processing using captured image data, and the system control unit  50  performs exposure control and ranging control on the basis of the obtained calculation results. In this way, TTL (through the lens)-type AF (auto focus) processing, AE (auto exposure) processing, and EF (flash free emission) processing are performed. The image processing unit  24  also performs predetermined calculation processing using captured image data and performs TTL-type AWB (auto white balance) processing on the basis of the obtained calculation results. 
     A memory  32  stores image data obtained by the imaging unit  22  and converted to digital data by the A/D converter  23  and image data for displaying on the display unit  28 . The memory  32  has a storage capacity sufficient for storing a predetermined number of still images and a predetermined period of videos and audio. The memory  32  may be a removable recording medium such as a memory card and may be an internal memory. 
     The display unit  28  is a backside monitor for displaying an image, which is provided on the back surface of the camera  100  as illustrated in  FIG. 1B . A D/A converter  19  converts image display data stored in the memory  32  to an analog signal and supplies the analog signal to the display unit  28 . The display unit  28  may be a liquid-crystal display and may be another type of display such as an organic EL display as long as it displays an image. 
     An in-finder display portion  41  displays a frame (an AF frame) indicating a range-finding point being auto-focused presently and an icon indicating the setting state of the camera with the aid of an finder internal display unit drive circuit  42 . A finder outer display unit  43  displays various setting values of the camera  100  such as a shutter speed and an aperture with the aid of a finder outer display unit drive circuit  44 . 
     An orientation detecting unit  55  is a sensor for detecting an attitude according to the angle of the camera  100 . On the basis of the attitude detected by the orientation detecting unit  55 , it is possible to determine whether the image captured by the imaging unit  22  is an image captured with the camera  100  held horizontally or vertically. The system control unit  50  can add orientation information corresponding to the attitude detected by the orientation detecting unit  55  to an image file of the image captured by the imaging unit  22  and rotate and record the image. An acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, or the like can be used as the orientation detecting unit  55 . Using an acceleration sensor and a gyro sensor which is the orientation detecting unit  55 , it is also possible to detect the movement (panning, tilting, lifting, and whether it is stationary) of the camera  100 . 
     A nonvolatile memory  56  is a memory that is electrically erasable and rewritable by the system control unit  50 , and an EEPROM, for example, is used. The nonvolatile memory  56  stores constants for operation of the system control unit  50 , programs, and the like. The programs mentioned herein are programs for executing various flowcharts described later in the present embodiment. 
     The system control unit  50  includes at least one processor (including circuits) and controls the entire camera  100 . The system control unit  50  realizes respective steps of processing of the present embodiment by executing the programs recorded on the nonvolatile memory  56 . A system memory  52  loads constants for operation of the system control unit  50 , variables, programs and the like read from the nonvolatile memory  56 . Moreover, the system control unit  50  performs display control by controlling the memory  32 , the D/A converter  19 , the display unit  28 , and the like. 
     A system timer  53  is a time measuring unit that measures the time used for various controls and the time of a built-in clock. The mode changeover switch  60  switches an operation mode of the system control unit  50  to a still image capturing mode or a video capturing mode. The still image capturing mode includes a P-mode (program AE), an M-mode (manual), and the like. Alternatively, after switching to a menu screen once with the mode changeover switch  60 , the mode may be switched to any one of these modes included in the menu screen using another operating member. Similarly, the video capturing mode may include a plurality of modes. In the M-mode, a user can set an aperture value, a shutter speed, an ISO service and can perform photographing with exposure intended by the user. 
     A first shutter switch  62  is turned on by so-called half-pressing (photographing preparation instruction) in the middle of operation of the shutter buttons  103  and  105  provided in the camera  100  and generates a first shutter switch signal SW 1 . The system control unit  50  starts operations such as AF (autofocus) processing, AE (auto exposure) processing, AWB (auto white balance) processing, EF (flicker free emission) processing, and the like according to the first shutter switch signal SW 1 . Luminance is also measured by the AE sensor  17 . 
     A second shutter switch  64  is turned on by full-pressing (photographing instruction) upon completion of operation of the shutter buttons  103  and  105  and generates a second shutter switch signal SW 2 . The system control unit  50  starts operations of a series of photographing processing from reading of signals from the imaging unit  22  to recording of images in the recording medium  200  as image files according to the second shutter switch signal SW 2 . 
     A power supply control unit  83  includes a battery detection circuit, a DC-DC converter, a switch circuit for switching blocks to be energized, and the like and detects attachment of a battery, the type of a battery, and a remaining battery level. Moreover, the power supply control unit  83  controls the DC-DC converter on the basis of the detection results and the instruction from the system control unit  50  and supplies a necessary voltage to each unit including the recording medium  200  for a necessary period. The power supply switch  72  is a switch for switching the power of the camera  100  on and off. 
     A power supply unit  30  includes a primary battery such as an alkaline battery or a lithium battery, a secondary battery such as a NiCd battery, a NiMH battery, or a Li battery, an AC adapter, and the like. A recording medium I/F  18  is an interface to the recording medium  200  such as a memory card or a hard disk. The recording medium  200  is a recording medium such as a memory card for recording captured images and is composed of a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, or the like. 
     As described above, the camera  100  has the touch panel  70   a  capable of detecting a touch on the display unit  28  (the touch panel  70   a ) as one kind of the operating unit  70 . The touch panel  70   a  and the display unit  28  may be configured integrally. For example, the touch panel  70   a  has light transmittance such that the display of the display unit  28  is not disturbed and is attached to an upper layer of the display surface of the display unit  28 . The input coordinates on the touch panel  70   a  are correlated with the display coordinates on the display unit  28 . In this way, it is possible to configure a GUI (graphical user interface) as if a user can directly operate the screen displayed on the display unit  28 . The system control unit  50  can detect the following touch operations or states on the touch panel  70   a.  
         A finger or a pen which is not in touch with the touch panel  70   a  newly touches the touch panel  70   a , that is the start of a touch (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-down”).   A state in which a finger or a pen is in touch with the touch panel  70   a  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-on”).   A finger or a pen moves while touching the touch panel  70   a  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-move”).   A finger or a pen being in touch with the touch panel  70   a  is separated from the touch panel  70   a , that is, the end of a touch (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-up”).   A state in which a finger or a pen is not in touch with the touch panel  70   a  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-off”).       

     When a touch-down is detected, a touch-on is also detected at the same time. After a touch-down is detected, a touch-on is usually detected continuously unless a touch-up is detected. A touch-on is also detected when a touch-move is detected. Even if a touch-on is detected, a touch-move is not detected unless a touch position is moved. A touch-off is detected after a touch-up of all fingers or pens being in touch with the touch panel is detected. 
     These operations and states and the positional coordinates at which a finger or a pen is touch with the touch panel  70   a  are notified to the system control unit  50  via an internal bus. The system control unit  50  determines which operation has been performed on the touch panel  70   a  on the basis of the notified information. As for a touch-move, the moving direction of the finger or pen moving on the touch panel  70   a  can be determined for each of the vertical and horizontal components on the touch panel  70   a  on the basis of changes in the positional coordinates. When a touch-down, a certain amount of a touch-move, and a touch-up are sequentially performed on the touch panel  70   a , it is assumed that a “stroke” is drawn. An operation of quickly drawing a stroke is referred to as a “flick”. A flick is an operation of quickly moving a finger over a certain distance while touching the touch panel  70   a  and then separating the finger as it is. In other words, a flick is an operation of quickly tracing on the touch panel  70   a  as if a finger flicks on the touch panel  70   a . When a touch-move at least a predetermined speed over at least a predetermined distance is detected and a touch-up is subsequently detected as it is, it can be determined that a flick has been performed. When a touch-move at a speed lower than a predetermined speed over at least a predetermined distance is detected, it can be determined that a drag has been performed. The touch panel  70   a  may be any one of various types of touch panels such as a resistance film type, a capacitance type, a surface acoustic wave type, an infrared type, an electromagnetic induction type, an image recognition type, or an optical sensor type. Although there are a type in which a touch is detected when a finger or a pen comes into contact with the touch panel and a type in which a touch is detected when a finger or a pen comes close to the touch panel, either type may be used. 
     The system control unit  50  can detect a touch operation or a push operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  according to a notification (output information) from the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . The system control unit  50  calculates the direction of movement of a finger or the like on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  in eight directions of up, down, left, right, upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right on the basis of the output information of the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . Furthermore, the system control unit  50  calculates the amount (hereinafter referred to as a movement amount (x,y)) of the movement of a finger or the like on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  in two-dimensional directions of an x-axis direction and ay-axis direction on the basis of the output information of the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . The system control unit  50  can further detect the following operations or states on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . The system control unit  50  calculates the moving direction or the movement amount (x,y) and detects the following operations and states individually for the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 .
         A finger or the like which is not in touch with the AF-ON button  1  or  2  newly touches the AF-ON button  1  or  2 , that is the start of a touch (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-down”).   A state in which a finger or the like is in touch with the AF-ON button  1  or  2  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-on”).   A finger or the like moves while touching the AF-ON button  1  or  2  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-move”).   A finger or the like being in touch with the AF-ON button  1  or  2  is separated from the AF-ON button  1  or  2 , that is, the end of a touch (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-up”).   A state in which a finger or the like is not in touch with the AF-ON button  1  or  2  (hereinafter referred to as a “touch-off”).       

     When a touch-down is detected, a touch-on is also detected at the same time. After a touch-down is detected, a touch-on is usually detected continuously unless a touch-up is detected. A touch-on is also detected when a touch-move is detected. Even if a touch-on is detected, a touch-move is not detected if the movement amount (x,y) is 0. A touch-off is detected after a touch-up of all fingers or the like being in touch with the AF-ON button is detected. 
     The system control unit  50  determines which operation (touch operation) has been performed on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  on the basis of these operations and states, the moving direction, and the movement amount (x,y). As for a touch-move, movement in the eight directions of up, down, left, right, upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right or the two-dimensional directions of the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction as the movement of a finger or the like on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . The system control unit  50  determines that a slide operation has been performed when movement in any one of the eight directions or movement in one or both of the two-dimensional directions of the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction is detected. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  are infrared touch sensors. However, the AF-ON button may be another type of touch sensor such as a surface acoustic wave type, a capacitance type, an electromagnetic induction type, an image recognition type, or an optical sensor type. 
     The structure of the AF-ON button  1  will be described with reference to  FIGS. 3A and 3B . Since the structure of the AF-ON button  2  is similar to the structure of the AF-ON button  1 , the description thereof will be omitted. 
     A cover  310  is an outer cover of the AF-ON button  1 . A window  311  is a part of the outer cover of the AF-ON button  1  and transmits light projected from a light-projecting unit  312 . The cover  310  projects further outward than the outer cover  301  of the camera  100  and can be pushed in. The light-projecting unit  312  is alight-emitting device such as a light-emitting diode that emits light toward the window  311 . The light emitted from the light-projecting unit  312  is preferably light (infrared light) other than visible light. When a finger  300  touches the surface (an operation surface of the AF-ON button  1 ) of the window  311 , the light emitted from the light-projecting unit  312  is reflected from the surface of the touching finger  300 , and the reflected light is received (captured) by a light-receiving unit  313 . The light-receiving unit  313  is an imaging sensor. On the basis of the image captured by the light-receiving unit  313 , it is possible to detect whether an operating body (the finger  300 ) is not in contact with the operation surface of the AF-ON button  1 , whether the operating body is in touch, and whether the touching operating body is moving in a touching state (a slide operation is performed). The cover  310  is an elastic member  314  and is provided on aground surface  316 . When the finger  300  pushes the surface of the window  311  and the cover  310  is pushed in, the cover  310  touches a switch  315  for detecting a push. In this way, it is detected that the AF-ON button  1  is pushed. 
     A face detection function will be described. The system control unit  50  transmits a face detection target image to the image processing unit  24 . Under the control of the system control unit  50 , the image processing unit  24  applies a horizontal band-pass filter to the image data. Moreover, under the control of the system control unit  50 , the image processing unit  24  applies a vertical band-pass filter to the processed image data. Edge components are detected from the image data by the horizontal and vertical band-pass filters. 
     After that, the system control unit  50  performs pattern matching on the detected edge components to extract candidate groups for eyes, nose, mouth, and ears. The system control unit  50  determines candidates that satisfy preset conditions (for example, the distance between two eyes, and an inclination, and the like) among the extracted candidate group for eyes as an eye pair and narrows down candidates having the eye pair as the eye candidate group. The system control unit  50  correlates the narrowed-down eye candidate group with other parts (nose, mouse, and ears) forming a face corresponding thereto and passing the correlation results to preset non-face condition filter to detect a face. The system control unit  50  outputs face information according to the face detection result and ends the processing. In this case, a character value such as the number of faces is stored in the system memory  52 . 
     In this way, it is possible to analyze a LV image or an image being played to extract a character value of the image and detect subject information (detect a specific subject). In the present embodiment, the face is taken as an example of a specific subject. However, other subjects such as eyes, hands, torso, a specific individual, a moving object, or a character may be detected and be selected as a target of AF or the like. 
       FIG. 3A  is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the finger  300  touches the operation surface of the AF-ON button  1  but the AF-ON button  1  is not pushed in.  FIG. 3B  is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the finger  300  presses the operation surface of the AF-ON button  1  whereby the AF-ON button  1  is pushed in, and it is detected that the AF-ON button  1  has been pressed. When the finger  300  is separated from the operation surface of the AF-ON button  1  from the pushed-in state of  FIG. 3B , the AF-ON button  1  returns to the state of  FIG. 3A  in which the AF-ON button  1  is not in contact with the switch  315  by the force of the elastic member  314 . Although an example in which the elastic member  314  is provided on the ground surface  316  has been described, the elastic member  314  may be provided on the outer cover  301  rather than the ground surface  316 . Moreover, the AF-ON button  1  is not limited to the structure illustrated in  FIGS. 3A and 3B  but may have another structure as long as it can detect a push-in toward the operation surface and a touch operation on the operation surface. 
     An AF frame selectable in an OVF mode will be described. In an OVF mode, a user can select and set in advance any one of a plurality of select modes including at least the following select modes from a setting menu as an AF frame select mode (a range-finding area select mode).
         One-point AF (arbitrary select) . . . A select mode in which a user selects one range-finding point used for a focusing operation (AF) from 191 range-finding points (focus adjustment areas). A range narrower than zone AF described later becomes a focus adjustment area.   Zone AF (arbitrary zone select) . . . A select mode in which a plurality of range-finding points is classified into nine range-finding zones (focus adjustment areas) and a user selects any one range-finding zone. Auto-select AF is performed using all range-finding points included in the selected zone. In auto-select AF, AF is performed so that a subject determined to be a subject to be automatically focused among subjects measured at a target range-finding point is focused. Basically, AF is performed so that a subject at the nearest distance is focused. However, conditions such as the position on a screen, a subject size, and a subject distance may betaken into consideration. A subject is more easily captured than one-point AF, and it is easy to focus when photographing a moving subject. Moreover, since a zone to be focused is narrowed down, it is possible to prevent a subject at an unintended position in the composition from being focused.   Auto-select AF . . . A mode in which the above-mentioned auto-select AF is performed using all range-finding points. The range-finding point used for AF is automatically determined from all range-finding points without the user selecting an AF area.       

       FIGS. 4A and 4B  are diagrams illustrating an operation example of the camera  100 . In this example, it is assumed that user-based calibration described later has not been executed on the AF-ON button  1 .  FIG. 4A  illustrates an example of a screen displayed on the in-finder display portion  41  and  FIG. 4B  illustrates an example of a screen displayed on the display unit  28  (a backside monitor). In  FIGS. 4A and 4B , a user holds the first grip portion  101  with a hand  401  and performs a slide operation of moving a touch position in the direction of an arrow  402  with respect to the AF-ON button  1  using a thumb  403 . The camera  100  (the system control unit  50 ) moves the displayed range-finding frame according to the slide operation. 
     In  FIG. 4A , a range-finding frame  410  is a range-finding frame before movement displayed on the in-finder display portion  41 , and a range-finding frame  411  is a range-finding frame after movement. An arrow  420  indicates the direction of movement (movement from the position of the range-finding frame  410  toward the position of the range-finding frame  411 ) of the range-finding frame according to the slide operation and is the same direction as the direction (the moving direction of the touch position) of the slide operation indicated by the arrow  402 . 
     In  FIG. 4B , a range-finding frame  430  is a range-finding frame before movement displayed on the display unit  28  and a range-finding frame  431  is a range-finding frame after movement. An arrow  440  indicates the direction of movement (movement from the position of the range-finding frame  430  toward the position of the range-finding frame  431 ) of the range-finding frame according to the slide operation and is the same direction as the direction (the moving direction of the touch position) of the slide operation indicated by the arrow  402 . 
     Here, in a move operation of moving an operating body (a finger or the like touching a touch operating member) or an operating member (a mouse or the like), the habit of moving a moving target is generally different depending on a user. Due to factors such as differences in habits of each user, the direction of a move operation intended by a user may differ from an operating direction detected by the device, and a move operation in the direction intended by the user may not be performed. Such a problem occurs in a slide operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2 . Therefore, in the present embodiment, calibration of the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  is performed so that the habit of moving the thumb  403  in a slide operation on the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  is taken into consideration. In this way, even when a user who wants to move the range-finding frame in the direction of the arrows  420  and  440  moves the touch position in a direction different from the direction of the arrow  402  due to his or her habit, it is possible to move the range-finding frame in the direction of the arrows  420  and  440 . 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a flowchart of a first calibration process for an AF-ON button. This processing is realized when a program recorded on the nonvolatile memory  56  is loaded into the system memory  52  and is executed by the system control unit  50 . Although a first calibration process for the AF-ON button  1  is described in  FIG. 5 , similar processing is performed for the AF-ON button  2 . 
     In S 501 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a calibration mode for calibrating the AF-ON button  1  is set. It is waited for the calibration mode to be set, and the flow proceeds to S 502  when the calibration mode is set. 
     In S 502 , the system control unit  50  displays an operation instruction screen on at least one of the display unit  28  and the in-finder display portion  41  in order to prompt the user to perform a slide operation of drawing a linear trajectory in a specific direction.  FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating an example of the operation instruction screen. Each of operation instruction screens  601  to  604  displays an item  610  (icon) indicating the direction of a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  and an item  620  (text) indicating a method of operating the AF-ON button  1 . The contents of the items  610  and  620  are different between the operation instruction screens  601  to  604 . The operation instruction screen  601  is a screen for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the horizontal right direction, and the operation instruction screen  602  is a screen for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the horizontal left direction. The operation instruction screen  603  is a screen for causing the user to perform a slide operation in a vertical upward direction, and the operation instruction screen  604  is a screen for causing the user to perform a slide operation in a vertical downward direction. In S 502 , any one of the operation instruction screens  601  to  604  is displayed. 
     In S 503 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-down on the AF-ON button  1  is detected. It is waited for a touch-down to be detected and the flow proceeds to S 504  when a touch-down is detected. 
     In S 504 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value of a finger performing a touch operation on the AF-ON button  1  using optical information (an image captured by the light-receiving unit  313 ) from the AF-ON button  1  and records the character value in the system memory  52 . The character value is used for user authentication for identifying (determining) a user who has performed a slide operation (a slide operation in a mode different from the calibration mode) after calibration and is a fingerprint or the like, for example. The detection position of the character value is used as a touch position. 
     In S 505 , the system control unit  50  detects a moving distance and a moving direction of the finger (the touch position) in the slide operation from a change in the detection position of the character value detected in S 504  and records the same in the system memory  52 . 
     In S 506 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected. The processing of S 504  and S 505  is repeated until a touch-up is detected, and the flow proceeds to S 507  when a touch-up is detected. 
     In S 507 , the system control unit  50  calculates an approximate line that approximates the trajectory of the performed slide operation from the moving direction detected in S 505 . 
     In S 508 , the system control unit  50  compares a designated line (a specific direction designated in the operation instruction screen displayed in S 502 ) and the approximate line calculated in S 507  to determine an inclination coefficient. The inclination coefficient is a value indicating an inclination such as a coefficient a of the equation of a straight line (Y=aX+b) and an angular difference (the angle between the approximate line and the designated line) between the approximate line and the designated line. 
     In S 509 , the system control unit  50  records the inclination coefficient calculated in S 508  in the nonvolatile memory  56  as reference coordinate axis information for determining the direction of the slide operation and reference straight line information for determining whether the slide operation is in the specific direction designated in S 502 . Furthermore, the system control unit  50  records the character value detected in S 504  in the nonvolatile memory  56  so that the user authentication can be performed. The character value recorded may be one or a plurality of items, and for example, a character value during a touch-on and a character value during a touch-up are recorded. 
     In S 510 , the system control unit  50  determines whether the inclination coefficient has been recorded for all directions (four directions designated in the operation instruction screens  601  to  604 ). When the inclination coefficient is recorded for all directions, the first calibration process ends, and otherwise, the flow proceeds to S 502 . That is, the processing of S 502  to S 510  is repeated so that the inclination coefficient is determined while switching the operation instruction screen to be displayed, and the first calibration process ends when the inclination coefficient is recorded for all directions. The processing of S 509  may be controlled so that the character value acquired in the processing for some directions (for example, one direction) is recorded as the character value for user authentication, and may not. 
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the first calibration process.  FIG. 7A  illustrates a case in which the operation instruction screen  601  for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the horizontal right direction is displayed, and  FIG. 7B  illustrates a case in which the operation instruction screen  603  for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the vertical upward direction is displayed. 
     In  FIG. 7A , the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory  710  using a thumb  700 . The trajectory  710  (an approximate line  711  of the trajectory  710 ) is not in a parallel relationship with a horizontal right direction  712  designated in the operation instruction screen  601  but is in the upper right direction. In this case, the angle α of the approximate line  711  with respect to the horizontal right direction  712  is recorded as information (reference straight line information; reference coordinate axis information) of the approximate line  711 . 
     In  FIG. 7B , the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory  720  using a thumb  700 . The trajectory  720  (an approximate line  721  of the trajectory  720 ) is not in a parallel relationship with a vertical upward direction  722  designated in the operation instruction screen  603  but is in the upper left direction. In this case, the angle β of the approximate line  721  with respect to the vertical upward direction  722  is recorded as information (reference straight line information; reference coordinate axis information) of the approximate line  721 . 
     Here, it is assumed that the user performs on the operation instruction screen  602  a slide operation of drawing a trajectory being in a parallel relationship with the horizontal left direction designated in the operation instruction screen  602 . In this case, the angle (=0°) with respect to the horizontal left direction is recorded. As a result, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in a horizontal left direction (a direction opposite to the horizontal right direction  712 ) is performed in a first slide response process described later, movement (processing based on the horizontal left direction) of the range-finding frame in the horizontal left direction is executed. On the other hand, since the angle (α≠0°) of the allocation process  711  with respect to the horizontal right direction  712  is recorded, even when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the horizontal right direction  712  is performed, movement (processing based on the horizontal right direction  1112 ) of the range-finding frame in the horizontal right direction  712  is not executed. For example, the range-finding frame is moved in a direction inclined at the angle α with respect to the horizontal right direction  712 . The same is applied to when the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory being in a parallel relationship with a vertical downward direction designated in the operation instruction screen  604  on the display of the operation instruction screen  604 . In the first slide response process, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the vertical downward direction (a direction opposite to the vertical upward direction  722 ) is performed, the range-finding frame is moved in the vertical downward direction. On the other hand, since the angle (β≠0°) of the approximate line  721  with respect to the vertical upward direction  722  is recorded, even when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the vertical upward direction  722  is performed, the range-finding frame is not moved in the vertical upward direction  722 . 
     Furthermore, it is assumed that the trajectory  710  (the approximate line  711 ) and the trajectory  720  (the approximate line  721 ) are not in a vertical relationship (that is, α≠β). In this case, reference coordinate axis information including a first axis (angle α) based on the trajectory  710  and a second axis (angle β) based on the trajectory  720 , which are not vertical to each other, is recorded. Here, in the first slide response process described later, it is assumed that when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory inclined at a specific angle with respect to the first axis is performed, processing based on the direction inclined at the specific angle with respect to the first axis is executed. However, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory inclined at a specific angle with respect to the second axis is performed, processing based on the direction inclined at the specific angle with respect to the second axis is not executed. 
     As an example, a case where α=40° and β=100 will be considered. Moreover, a case of performing processing based on a direction closest to the trajectory of a slide operation among an axial direction parallel to the first and second axes and a non-axial direction that divides between the first and second axes will be considered. In this case, the width (angle) of a first quadrant and a third quadrant defined by the first and second axes is 50°, and the width (angle) of a second quadrant and a fourth quadrant defined by the first and second axes is 130°. Moreover, the angle of a non-axial direction passing through the first and third quadrants for the first axis is 25°, and the angle of a non-axial direction passing through the second and fourth quadrants for the second axis is 65°. When a slide operation of drawing a trajectory inclined at 25° with respect to the first axis is performed, processing based on a non-axial direction (a direction inclined at 25° with respect to the first axis) passing through the first and third quadrants is executed. On the other hand, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory inclined at 25° with respect to the second axis is performed, processing based on a direction inclined at 25° with respect to the first axis is not executed, but processing based on an axial direction parallel to the second axis is executed. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a flowchart of a first slide response process for the AF-ON button. The first slide response process is a process of executing a function (example: movement of a range-finding frame (AF frame)) corresponding to a slide operation of touching an operation surface and performing a touch-move without pushing in the AF-ON button. This processing is realized when a program recorded on the nonvolatile memory  56  is loaded into the system memory  52  and is executed by the system control unit  50 . The processing of  FIG. 8  starts when a mode (a capturing mode or the like) different from the calibration mode is set after the first calibration process is performed. When a capturing mode or the like is set, another processing (for example processing corresponding to an operation on another operating member included in the operating unit  70  or processing corresponding to a push-in of the AF-ON button) is also performed in parallel, but the description thereof will be omitted. Moreover, although a response process for a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  is described in  FIG. 8 , similar processing is performed for the AF-ON button  2 . However, it is assumed that, when a touch-on on the AF-ON button  1  is detected, a slide response process for the AF-ON button  2  is not performed. In this way, it is possible to prevent a malfunction due to a conflict between the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  (a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  is prioritized). 
     In S 801 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-down on the AF-ON button  1  is detected. It is waited for a touch-down to be detected, and the flow proceeds to S 802  when a touch-down is detected. 
     In S 802 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value of a finger performing a touch operation on the AF-ON button  1  using optical information (an image captured by the light-receiving unit  313 ) from the AF-ON button  1  and records the character value in the system memory  52 . 
     In S 803 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value that matches the character value detected in S 802  from a plurality of character values recorded in the nonvolatile memory  56  in the first calibration process ( FIGS. 7A and 7B ) and identifies (determines) a current user (user authentication). For example, a character value of which the similarity with the character value detected in S 802  is at least a threshold, a character value closest to the character value detected in S 802 , and the like are detected as the character value of the current user. The system control unit  50  acquires information (reference straight line information; reference coordinate axis information) corresponding to the current user (the character value matching the character value detected in S 802 ) from the nonvolatile memory  56  and records the same in the system memory  52 . Although the processing of S 802  to S 808  is repeated until a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected, the processing of S 803  may be performed only at the initial time. 
     In S 804 , the system control unit  50  detects a change in the detection position of the character value detected in S 802  (that is, a trajectory drawn by the slide operation) as a user input. 
     In S 805 , the system control unit  50  reads the user input detected in S 804  into a user-specific coordinate system (a coordinate system corresponding to the information (reference straight line information; reference coordinate axis information) acquired in S 803 ) obtained in the first calibration process ( FIGS. 7A and 7B ). 
     In S 806 , the system control unit  50  corrects the user input detected in S 804  by correcting the coordinate system so that an inclination of the axis of the user-specific coordinate system (the coordinate system corresponding to the information (reference straight line information; reference coordinate axis information) acquired in S 803 ) is eliminated. 
     In S 807 , the system control unit  50  moves the range-finding frame in the direction of the user input corrected in S 806 . 
     The processing of S 805  may be regarded as comparison between the reference coordinate axis information (reference straight line information) and the trajectory of the slide operation performed. The processing of S 806  may be regarded as processing of determining the direction of the slide operation performed on the basis of the comparison in S 805 . The processing of S 807  may also be regarded as execution of processing based on the direction determined in S 806 . 
     In S 808 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected. The processing of S 802  to S 808  is repeated until a touch-up is detected, and the first slide response process ends when a touch-up is detected. 
       FIGS. 9A to 9F  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the first slide response process.  FIG. 9A  illustrates a screen displayed on at least one of the display unit  28  and the in-finder display portion  41 . In the screen of  FIG. 9A , a range-finding frame  900  is displayed on an LV image. In this example, it is assumed that the user wants to move the range-finding frame  900  in the direction of an arrow  902  to obtain a range-finding frame  901 . 
       FIG. 9B  illustrates a slide operation intended to move the range-finding frame  900  in the direction of the arrow  902 . In the slide operation of  FIG. 9B , a trajectory  911  is drawn by a thumb  910 . Although the direction (the direction of the arrow  902 ) intended by the user is a lower right direction, the direction of the trajectory  911  (the user input) is approximately a horizontal right direction due to the habit of the user. 
       FIG. 9C  illustrates a user-specific coordinate system obtained in the first calibration process ( FIGS. 7A and 7B ). The coordinate system of  FIG. 9C  includes an axis  920  (line) inclined at an angle α with respect to a horizontal right direction as an axis corresponding to the horizontal right direction.  FIG. 9D  illustrates a state in which the trajectory  911  of  FIG. 9B  is read into the coordinate system of  FIG. 9C . 
       FIG. 9E  illustrates correction of the trajectory  911 . In this correction, the trajectory  911  is inclined at the angle α in a direction (lower side) opposite to the direction (upper side) in which the axis  920  is inclined with respect to the horizontal right direction so that the direction of the axis  920  is a horizontal right direction. As a result, the direction of the trajectory  911  after correction is approximately identical to the lower right direction (the direction of the arrow  902  in  FIG. 9A ) intended by the user. 
       FIG. 9F  illustrates a screen after the range-finding frame  900  ( FIG. 9A ) is moved according to the slide operation of  FIG. 9B . Due to the correction in  FIG. 9E , the slide operation in the lower right direction is detected in the screen of  FIG. 9F , the range-finding frame  900  is moved in the lower right direction (the direction of the arrow  902 ) intended by the user, and a range-finding frame  901  is obtained. 
     As described above, according to the first slide response process ( FIG. 8 ) subsequent to the first calibration process ( FIGS. 7A and 7B ), it is possible to move the range-finding frame in a direction closer to the user&#39;s intention by taking the habit of the user drawing a trajectory in a direction inclined with respect to the intended direction into consideration. It is possible to eliminate the dissatisfaction of the user resulting from the movement of the range-finding frame in the direction inclined with respect to the direction intended by the user. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates a flowchart of a second calibration process for the AF-ON button. This processing is realized when a program recorded on the nonvolatile memory  56  is loaded into the system memory  52  and is executed by the system control unit  50 . Although a second calibration process for the AF-ON button  1  is described in  FIG. 10 , similar processing is performed for the AF-ON button  2 . 
     In S 1001 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a calibration mode for calibrating the AF-ON button  1  is set. It is waited for the calibration mode to be set, and the flow proceeds to S 1002  when the calibration mode is set. 
     In S 1002 , the system control unit  50  displays an operation instruction screen on at least one of the display unit  28  and the in-finder display portion  41  in order to prompt the user to perform a slide operation of drawing a linear trajectory in a specific direction. Similarly to S 502  in  FIG. 5 , any one of the operation instruction screens  601  to  604  in  FIG. 6  is displayed. 
     In S 1003 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-down on the AF-ON button  1  is detected. It is waited for a touch-down to be detected and the flow proceeds to S 1004  when a touch-down is detected. 
     In S 1004 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value (a fingerprint or the like) of a finger performing a touch operation on the AF-ON button  1  using optical information (an image captured by the light-receiving unit  313 ) from the AF-ON button  1  and records the character value in the system memory  52 . 
     In S 1005 , the system control unit  50  detects a moving distance and a moving direction of the finger (the touch position) in the slide operation from a change in the detection position of the character value detected in S 1004  and records the same in the system memory  52 . 
     In S 1006 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected. The processing of S 1004  and S 1005  is repeated until a touch-up is detected, and the flow proceeds to S 1007  when a touch-up is detected. 
     In S 1007 , the system control unit  50  calculates an approximate parabola that approximates the trajectory of the performed slide operation from the moving direction detected in S 1005 . A curve different from the parabola may be calculated as a curve that approximates the trajectory of the slide operation. 
     In S 1008 , the system control unit  50  compares a designated line (a specific direction designated in the operation instruction screen displayed in S 1002 ) and the approximate parabola calculated in S 1007  to determine an unevenness coefficient. The unevenness coefficient is a value indicating the degree of curvature (distortion) of an approximate parabola such as a coefficient a of the equation of a parabola (Y=aX 2 +b) and the designated line. 
     In S 1009 , the system control unit  50  records the unevenness coefficient calculated in S 1008  in the nonvolatile memory  56  as reference curve information for determining whether the slide operation is in the specific direction designated in S 1002 . Furthermore, the system control unit  50  records the character value detected in S 1004  in the nonvolatile memory  56  so that the user authentication can be performed. The character value recorded may be one or a plurality of items, and for example, a character value during a touch-on and a character value during a touch-up are recorded. 
     In S 1010 , the system control unit  50  determines whether the unevenness coefficient has been recorded for all directions (four directions designated in the operation instruction screens  601  to  604 ). When the unevenness coefficient is recorded for all directions, the second calibration process ends, and otherwise, the flow proceeds to S 1002 . That is, the processing of S 1002  to S 1010  is repeated so that the unevenness coefficient is determined while switching the operation instruction screen to be displayed, and the second calibration process ends when the unevenness coefficient is recorded for all directions. The processing of S 1010  may be controlled so that the character value acquired in the processing for some directions (for example, one direction) is recorded as the character value for user authentication, and may not. 
       FIGS. 11A and 11B  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the second calibration process.  FIG. 11A  illustrates a case in which the operation instruction screen  601  for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the horizontal right direction is displayed, and  FIG. 11B  illustrates a case in which the operation instruction screen  603  for causing the user to perform a slide operation in the vertical upward direction is displayed. 
     In  FIG. 11A , the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory  1110  using a thumb  110 . The trajectory  1110  is curved from a horizontal right direction  1112  designated in the operation instruction screen  601 . In this case, the unevenness coefficient λ indicating the degree of curvature of the approximate parabola  1111  is recorded as information (reference curve information) of the approximate parabola  1111  that approximates the trajectory  1110 . 
     In  FIG. 11B , the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory  1120  using a thumb  1100 . The trajectory  1120  is curved from a vertical upward direction  1122  designated in the operation instruction screen  603 . In this case, the unevenness coefficient Ω indicating the degree of curvature of the approximate parabola  1121  is recorded as information (reference curve information) of the approximate parabola  1121  that approximates the trajectory  1120 . 
     Here, it is assumed that the user performs on the operation instruction screen  602  a slide operation of drawing a trajectory being in a parallel relationship with the horizontal left direction designated in the operation instruction screen  602 . In this case, an unevenness coefficient indicating that the trajectory is not curved is recorded as the unevenness coefficient corresponding to the horizontal left direction. As a result, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in a horizontal left direction (a direction opposite to the horizontal right direction  1112 ) is performed in a second slide response process described later, movement (processing based on the horizontal left direction) of the range-finding frame in the horizontal left direction is executed. On the other hand, the unevenness coefficient λ indicating the trajectory is curved is recorded as the unevenness coefficient corresponding to the horizontal right direction  1112 . Therefore, even when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the horizontal right direction  1112  is performed, movement (processing based on the horizontal right direction  1112 ) of the range-finding frame in the horizontal right direction  1112  is not executed. For example, the range-finding frame is moved so as to be curved with respect to the horizontal right direction  1112 . The same is applied to when the user performs a slide operation of drawing a trajectory being in a parallel relationship with a vertical downward direction designated in the operation instruction screen  604  on the display of the operation instruction screen  604 . In the second slide response process, when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the vertical downward direction (a direction opposite to the vertical upward direction  1122 ) is performed, the range-finding frame is moved in the vertical downward direction. On the other hand, since the unevenness coefficient Ω (with curvature) corresponding to the vertical upward direction  1122  is recorded, even when a slide operation of drawing a trajectory in the vertical upward direction  1122  is performed, the range-finding frame is not moved in the vertical upward direction  1122 . 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a flowchart of a second slide response process for the AF-ON button. The second slide response process is a process of executing a function (example: movement of a range-finding frame (AF frame)) corresponding to a slide operation of touching an operation surface and performing a touch-move without pushing in the AF-ON button. This processing is realized when a program recorded on the nonvolatile memory  56  is loaded into the system memory  52  and is executed by the system control unit  50 . The processing of  FIG. 12  starts when a mode (a capturing mode or the like) different from the calibration mode is set after the second calibration process is performed. When a capturing mode or the like is set, another processing (for example processing corresponding to an operation on another operating member included in the operating unit  70  or processing corresponding to a push-in of the AF-ON button) is also performed in parallel, but the description thereof will be omitted. Moreover, although a response process for a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  is described in  FIG. 12 , similar processing is performed for the AF-ON button  2 . However, it is assumed that, when a touch-on on the AF-ON button  1  is detected, a slide response process for the AF-ON button  2  is not performed. In this way, it is possible to prevent a malfunction due to a conflict between the AF-ON buttons  1  and  2  (a slide operation on the AF-ON button  1  is prioritized). 
     In S 1201 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-down on the AF-ON button  1  is detected. It is waited for a touch-down to be detected, and the flow proceeds to S 1202  when a touch-down is detected. 
     In S 1202 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value of a finger performing a touch operation on the AF-ON button  1  using optical information (an image captured by the light-receiving unit  313 ) from the AF-ON button  1  and records the character value in the system memory  52 . 
     In S 1203 , the system control unit  50  detects a character value that matches the character value detected in S 1202  from a plurality of character values recorded in the nonvolatile memory  56  in the second calibration process ( FIG. 10 ) and identifies (determines) a current user (user authentication). The system control unit  50  acquires information (reference curve information) corresponding to the current user (the character value matching the character value detected in S 1202 ) from the nonvolatile memory  56  and records the same in the system memory  52 . Although the processing of S 1202  to S 1208  is repeated until a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected, the processing of S 1203  may be performed only at the initial time. 
     In S 1204 , the system control unit  50  detects a change in the detection position of the character value detected in S 1202  (that is, a trajectory drawn by the slide operation) as a user input. 
     In S 1205 , the system control unit  50  reads the user input detected in S 1204  into a user-specific coordinate system (a coordinate system corresponding to the information (reference curve information) acquired in S 1203 ) obtained in the second calibration process ( FIG. 10 ). 
     In S 1206 , the system control unit  50  corrects the user input detected in S 1204  by correcting the coordinate system so that distortion of the axis of the user-specific coordinate system (the coordinate system corresponding to the information (reference curve information) acquired in S 1203 ) is eliminated. 
     In S 1207 , the system control unit  50  moves the range-finding frame in the direction of the user input corrected in S 1206 . 
     The processing of S 1205  may be regarded as comparison between the reference curve information and the trajectory of the slide operation performed. The processing of S 1206  may be regarded as processing of determining the direction of the slide operation performed on the basis of the comparison in S 1205 . The processing of S 1207  may also be regarded as execution of processing based on the direction determined in S 1206 . 
     In S 1208 , the system control unit  50  determines whether a touch-up from the AF-ON button  1  is detected. The processing of S 1202  to S 1208  is repeated until a touch-up is detected, and the second slide response process ends when a touch-up is detected. 
       FIGS. 13A to 13F  are diagrams illustrating a specific example of the second slide response process.  FIG. 13A  illustrates a screen displayed on at least one of the display unit  28  and the in-finder display portion  41 . In the screen of  FIG. 13A , a range-finding frame  1300  is displayed on an LV image. In this example, it is assumed that the user wants to move the range-finding frame  1300  in the direction of an arrow  1302  to obtain a range-finding frame  1301 . 
       FIG. 13B  illustrates a slide operation intended to move the range-finding frame  1300  in the direction of the arrow  1302 . In the slide operation of  FIG. 13B , a trajectory  1311  is drawn by a thumb  1310 . Although the direction (the direction of the arrow  1302 ) intended by the user is a horizontal right direction, the direction of the trajectory  1311  (the user input) is curved to be convex upward due to the habit of the user. 
       FIG. 13C  illustrates a user-specific coordinate system obtained in the second calibration process ( FIG. 10 ). The coordinate system of  FIG. 13C  includes an axis  1320  (parabola) curved to be convex upward as an axis corresponding to the horizontal right direction.  FIG. 13D  illustrates a state in which the trajectory  1311  of  FIG. 13B  is read into the coordinate system of  FIG. 13C . 
       FIG. 13E  illustrates correction of the trajectory  1311 . In this correction, the trajectory  1311  is deformed in a direction opposite to the direction in which the axis  1320  is curved so that the distortion of the axis  1320  is eliminated. As a result, the direction of the trajectory  1311  after correction is approximately identical to the horizontal right direction (the direction of the arrow  1302  in  FIG. 13A ) intended by the user. The direction of the axis  1320  is identical to the horizontal right direction. 
       FIG. 13F  illustrates a screen after the range-finding frame  1300  ( FIG. 13A ) is moved according to the slide operation of  FIG. 13B . Due to the correction in  FIG. 13E , the slide operation in the horizontal right direction is detected in the screen of  FIG. 13F , the range-finding frame  1300  is moved in the horizontal right direction (the direction of the arrow  1302 ) intended by the user, and a range-finding frame  1301  is obtained. 
     As described above, according to the second slide response process subsequent to the second calibration process, it is possible to move the range-finding frame in a direction closer to the user&#39;s intention by taking the habit of the user drawing a trajectory curved (distorted) with respect to the intended direction into consideration. It is possible to eliminate the dissatisfaction of the user resulting from the movement of the range-finding frame to be curved with respect to the direction intended by the user. 
     Although the correction (conversion) is performed from the trajectory of the slide operation to determine the direction of the slide operation, the movement amount of the slide operation is preferably determined without performing the correction (conversion). For example, it is preferable that the length of the trajectory of the slide operation is used as the movement amount of the slide operation as it is. By doing so, it is possible to suppress a change in the moving speed of the range-finding frame resulting from the correction (elimination of distortion). 
     A calibration process in which the first and second calibration processes are combined may be executed. For example, after a touch-up is detected, an approximate line and an approximate parabola that approximate the trajectory of a slide operation may be determined, and an inclination coefficient based on the approximate line and an unevenness coefficient based on the approximate parabola may be recorded. Similarly, a slide response process in which the first and second slide response processes are combined may be executed. For example, after the distortion of the trajectory of the slide operation may be eliminated (reduced) on the basis of the unevenness coefficient, the inclination may be corrected on the basis of the inclination coefficient. 
     The present invention is not limited to a slide operation on an AF-ON button but may be applied to an operation on another operating member. For example, a slide operation on a touch panel or a touch panel may be detected, and processing similar to the processing (control) may be performed with respect to the slide operation. Movement of an operating member itself such as a mouse or a motion controller may be detected in a wired or wireless manner and the processing may be performed with respect to the movement. Movement of the hand (an operating body) of a user such as a spatial gesture may be detected in a non-contact manner, and the processing may be performed with respect to the movement. The present invention can be applied to an arbitrary electronic apparatus as long as the electronic apparatus detects movement of an operating body (a finger, a pen, a hand, or the like) and movement of an operating member (a mouse, a motion controller, or the like) and execute processing. 
     While the present invention has been described in detail on the basis of preferred embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments and various modes without departing from the scope of the invention are also included in the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments described above simply represent an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and the embodiments may also be combined with each other. 
     Various controls described to be performed by the system control unit  50  may be performed by one piece of hardware or a plurality of pieces of hardware (for example, a plurality of processors or circuits) may control the entire apparatus by sharing the processing. 
     While an example in which the present invention is applied to an imaging apparatus has been described in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this example and can be applied to any electronic apparatus having an operation detection function of detecting a move operation. For example, the present invention can be applied to a personal computer, a PDA, a mobile phone terminal, a mobile image viewer, a printer apparatus, a digital photo frame, a music player, a game device, an electronic book reader, and the like. Moreover, the present invention can be applied to a video player, a display apparatus (including a projection apparatus), a tablet terminal, a smartphone, an AI speaker, a home electrical appliance, a vehicle-mounted apparatus, and the like. 
     The present invention is not limited to an imaging apparatus body but can be applied to a control device that communicates with an imaging apparatus (including a network camera) via cable or wireless communication and controls the imaging apparatus remotely. Examples of the device that controls the imaging apparatus remotely include a smartphone, a tablet PC, a desktop PC, and the like. The imaging apparatus can be controlled remotely by notifying a command for making various operations and settings from the control device to the imaging apparatus on the basis of an operation performed on the control device or processing performed on the control device. Moreover, a live-view image captured by the imaging apparatus may be received via cable or wireless communication so that the image can be displayed on the control device. 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to cause an electronic apparatus that executes processing corresponding to a direction of a move operation to execute processing closer to the user&#39;s intention. 
     OTHER EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiment(s) of the present invention can also be realized by a computer of a system or apparatus that reads out and executes computer executable instructions (e.g., one or more programs) recorded on a storage medium (which may also be referred to more fully as a ‘non-transitory computer-readable storage medium’) to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s) and/or that includes one or more circuits (e.g., application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) for performing the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s), and by a method performed by the computer of the system or apparatus by, for example, reading out and executing the computer executable instructions from the storage medium to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s) and/or controlling the one or more circuits to perform the functions of one or more of the above-described embodiment(s). The computer may comprise one or more processors (e.g., central processing unit (CPU), micro processing unit (MPU)) and may include a network of separate computers or separate processors to read out and execute the computer executable instructions. The computer executable instructions may be provided to the computer, for example, from a network or the storage medium. The storage medium may include, for example, one or more of a hard disk, a random-access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a storage of distributed computing systems, an optical disk (such as a compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), or Blu-ray Disc (BD)™), a flash memory device, a memory card, and the like. 
     While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions. 
     This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-220335, filed on Dec. 5, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.