Patent Publication Number: US-2020292560-A1

Title: Methods for diagnosis and prognosis of renal injury and renal failure

Description:
The present invention is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/978,529, filed Sep. 17, 2013, which is the U.S. national phase of International Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/020572, filed Jan. 8, 2012, which designated the U.S. and claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/430,977 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,978 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,979 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,980 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,981 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,982 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,983 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,984 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,985 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,986 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,987 filed Jan. 8, 2011; 61/430,988 filed Jan. 8, 2011; and 61/430,989 filed Jan. 8, 2011, each of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety including all tables, figures, and claims. 
    
    
     SEQUENCE LISTING 
     The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted in ASCII format via EFS-Web and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said ASCII copy, created on Nov. 20, 2017, is named AST_6060_CT_SeqListing.txt and is 67 kilobytes in size. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The following discussion of the background of the invention is merely provided to aid the reader in understanding the invention and is not admitted to describe or constitute prior art to the present invention. 
     The kidney is responsible for water and solute excretion from the body. Its functions include maintenance of acid-base balance, regulation of electrolyte concentrations, control of blood volume, and regulation of blood pressure. As such, loss of kidney function through injury and/or disease results in substantial morbidity and mortality. A detailed discussion of renal injuries is provided in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 1741-1830, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Renal disease and/or injury may be acute or chronic. Acute and chronic kidney disease are described as follows (from Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 785-815, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety): “Acute renal failure is worsening of renal function over hours to days, resulting in the retention of nitrogenous wastes (such as urea nitrogen) and creatinine in the blood. Retention of these substances is called azotemia. Chronic renal failure (chronic kidney disease) results from an abnormal loss of renal function over months to years”. 
     Acute renal failure (ARF, also known as acute kidney injury, or AKI) is an abrupt (typically detected within about 48 hours to 1 week) reduction in glomerular filtration. This loss of filtration capacity results in retention of nitrogenous (urea and creatinine) and non-nitrogenous waste products that are normally excreted by the kidney, a reduction in urine output, or both. It is reported that ARF complicates about 5% of hospital admissions, 4-15% of cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries, and up to 30% of intensive care admissions. ARF may be categorized as prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal in causation. Intrinsic renal disease can be further divided into glomerular, tubular, interstitial, and vascular abnormalities. Major causes of ARF are described in the following table, which is adapted from the Merck Manual, 17 th  ed., Chapter 222, and which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Type 
                 Risk Factors 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Prerenal 
                   
               
               
                 ECF volume  
                 Excessive diuresis, hemorrhage, GI losses, loss of 
               
               
                 depletion 
                 intravascular fluid into the extravascular space (due  
               
               
                   
                 to ascites, peritonitis, pancreatitis, or burns), loss  
               
               
                   
                 of skin and mucus membranes, renal salt- and  
               
               
                   
                 water-wasting states 
               
               
                 Low cardiac output 
                 Cardiomyopathy, MI, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary 
               
               
                   
                 embolism, pulmonary hypertension, positive- 
               
               
                   
                 pressure mechanical ventilation 
               
               
                 Low systemic  
                 Septic shock, liver failure, antihypertensive drugs 
               
               
                 vascular resistance 
                   
               
               
                 Increased renal  
                 NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, hypercalcemia, 
               
               
                 vascular resistance 
                 anaphylaxis, anesthetics, renal artery obstruction,  
               
               
                   
                 renal vein thrombosis, sepsis, hepatorenal syndrome 
               
               
                 Decreased efferent 
                 ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers 
               
               
                 arteriolar tone  
                   
               
               
                 (leading to  
                   
               
               
                 decreased GFR  
                   
               
               
                 from reduced  
                   
               
               
                 glomerular trans- 
                   
               
               
                 capillary pressure, 
                   
               
               
                 especially in patients  
                   
               
               
                 with bilateral renal  
                   
               
               
                 artery stenosis) 
                   
               
               
                 Intrinsic Renal 
                   
               
               
                 Acute tubular injury 
                 Ischemia (prolonged or severe prerenal state):  
               
               
                   
                 surgery, hemorrhage, arterial or venous obstruction;  
               
               
                   
                 Toxins: NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus,  
               
               
                   
                 aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol,  
               
               
                   
                 hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals,  
               
               
                   
                 methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents,  
               
               
                   
                 streptozotocin 
               
               
                 Acute  
                 ANCA-associated: Crescentic glomerulonephritis, 
               
               
                 glomerulonephritis 
                 polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener&#39;s granulomatosis; Anti- 
               
               
                   
                 GBM glomerulonephritis: Goodpasture&#39;s syndrome; 
               
               
                   
                 Immune-complex: Lupus glomerulonephritis, 
               
               
                   
                 postinfectious glomerulonephritis, cryoglobulinemic 
               
               
                   
                 glomerulonephritis 
               
               
                 Acute  
                 Drug reaction (eg, 13-lactams, NSAIDs,  
               
               
                 tubulointerstitial 
                 sulfonamides, ciprofloxacin, thiazide diuretics, 
               
               
                 nephritis 
                 furosemide, phenytoin, allopurinol, pyelonephritis, 
               
               
                   
                 papillary necrosis 
               
               
                 Acute vascular 
                 Vasculitis, malignant hypertension, thrombotic 
               
               
                 nephropathy 
                 microangiopathies, scleroderma, atheroembolism 
               
               
                 Infiltrative diseases 
                 Lymphoma, sarcoidosis, leukemia 
               
               
                 Postrenal 
                   
               
               
                 Tubular  
                 Uric acid (tumor lysis), sulfonamides, triamterene, 
               
               
                 precipitation 
                 acyclovir, indinavir, methotrexate, ethylene glycol 
               
               
                   
                 ingestion, myeloma protein, myoglobin 
               
               
                 Ureteral obstruction 
                 Intrinsic: Calculi, clots, sloughed renal tissue, fungus 
               
               
                   
                 ball, edema, malignancy, congenital defects;  
               
               
                   
                 Extrinsic: Malignancy, retroperitoneal fibrosis,  
               
               
                   
                 ureteral trauma during surgery or high impact injury 
               
               
                 Bladder obstruction 
                 Mechanical: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate 
               
               
                   
                 cancer, bladder cancer, urethral strictures, phimosis, 
               
               
                   
                 paraphimosis, urethral valves, obstructed indwelling 
               
               
                   
                 urinary catheter; Neurogenic: Anticholinergic drugs, 
               
               
                   
                 upper or lower motor neuron lesion 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the case of ischemic ARF, the course of the disease may be divided into four phases. During an initiation phase, which lasts hours to days, reduced perfusion of the kidney is evolving into injury. Glomerular ultrafiltration reduces, the flow of filtrate is reduced due to debris within the tubules, and back leakage of filtrate through injured epithelium occurs. Renal injury can be mediated during this phase by reperfusion of the kidney. Initiation is followed by an extension phase which is characterized by continued ischemic injury and inflammation and may involve endothelial damage and vascular congestion. During the maintenance phase, lasting from 1 to 2 weeks, renal cell injury occurs, and glomerular filtration and urine output reaches a minimum. A recovery phase can follow in which the renal epithelium is repaired and GFR gradually recovers. Despite this, the survival rate of subjects with ARF may be as low as about 60%. 
     Acute kidney injury caused by radiocontrast agents (also called contrast media) and other nephrotoxins such as cyclosporine, antibiotics including aminoglycosides and anticancer drugs such as cisplatin manifests over a period of days to about a week. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN, which is AKI caused by radiocontrast agents) is thought to be caused by intrarenal vasoconstriction (leading to ischemic injury) and from the generation of reactive oxygen species that are directly toxic to renal tubular epithelial cells. CIN classically presents as an acute (onset within 24-48 h) but reversible (peak 3-5 days, resolution within 1 week) rise in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. 
     A commonly reported criteria for defining and detecting AKI is an abrupt (typically within about 2-7 days or within a period of hospitalization) elevation of serum creatinine. Although the use of serum creatinine elevation to define and detect AKI is well established, the magnitude of the serum creatinine elevation and the time over which it is measured to define AKI varies considerably among publications. Traditionally, relatively large increases in serum creatinine such as 100%, 200%, an increase of at least 100% to a value over 2 mg/dL and other definitions were used to define AKI. However, the recent trend has been towards using smaller serum creatinine rises to define AKI. The relationship between serum creatinine rise, AKI and the associated health risks are reviewed in Praught and Shlipak,  Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens  14:265-270, 2005 and Chertow et al,  J Am Soc Nephrol  16: 3365-3370, 2005, which, with the references listed therein, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. As described in these publications, acute worsening renal function (AKI) and increased risk of death and other detrimental outcomes are now known to be associated with very small increases in serum creatinine. These increases may be determined as a relative (percent) value or a nominal value. Relative increases in serum creatinine as small as 20% from the pre-injury value have been reported to indicate acutely worsening renal function (AKI) and increased health risk, but the more commonly reported value to define AKI and increased health risk is a relative increase of at least 25%. Nominal increases as small as 0.3 mg/dL, 0.2 mg/dL or even 0.1 mg/dL have been reported to indicate worsening renal function and increased risk of death. Various time periods for the serum creatinine to rise to these threshold values have been used to define AKI, for example, ranging from 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, or a variable period defined as the time the patient is in the hospital or intensive care unit. These studies indicate there is not a particular threshold serum creatinine rise (or time period for the rise) for worsening renal function or AKI, but rather a continuous increase in risk with increasing magnitude of serum creatinine rise. 
     One study (Lassnigg et all, J Am Soc Nephrol 15:1597-1605, 2004, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) investigated both increases and decreases in serum creatinine. Patients with a mild fall in serum creatinine of −0.1 to −0.3 mg/dL following heart surgery had the lowest mortality rate. Patients with a larger fall in serum creatinine (more than or equal to −0.4 mg/dL) or any increase in serum creatinine had a larger mortality rate. These findings caused the authors to conclude that even very subtle changes in renal function (as detected by small creatinine changes within 48 hours of surgery) seriously effect patient&#39;s outcomes. In an effort to reach consensus on a unified classification system for using serum creatinine to define AKI in clinical trials and in clinical practice, Bellomo et al., Crit Care. 8(4):R204-12, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, proposes the following classifications for stratifying AKI patients: 
     “Risk”: serum creatinine increased 1.5 fold from baseline OR urine production of &lt;0.5 ml/kg body weight/hr for 6 hours;
 
“Injury”: serum creatinine increased 2.0 fold from baseline OR urine production &lt;0.5 ml/kg/hr for 12 h;
 
“Failure”: serum creatinine increased 3.0 fold from baseline OR creatinine &gt;355 μmol/l (with a rise of &gt;44) or urine output below 0.3 ml/kg/hr for 24 h or anuria for at least 12 hours;
 
     And Included Two Clinical Outcomes: 
     “Loss”: persistent need for renal replacement therapy for more than four weeks.
 
“ESRD”: end stage renal disease—the need for dialysis for more than 3 months.
 
     These criteria are called the RIFLE criteria, which provide a useful clinical tool to classify renal status. As discussed in Kellum,  Crit. Care Med.  36: S141-45, 2008 and Ricci et al.,  Kidney Int.  73, 538-546, 2008, each hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, the RIFLE criteria provide a uniform definition of AKI which has been validated in numerous studies. 
     More recently, Mehta et al.,  Crit. Care  11:R31 (doi:10.1186.cc5713), 2007, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, proposes the following similar classifications for stratifying AKI patients, which have been modified from RIFLE:
 
“Stage I”: increase in serum creatinine of more than or equal to 0.3 mg/dL (≥26.4 μmol/L) or increase to more than or equal to 150% (1.5-fold) from baseline OR urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for more than 6 hours;
 
“Stage II”: increase in serum creatinine to more than 200% (&gt;2-fold) from baseline OR urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for more than 12 hours;
 
“Stage III”: increase in serum creatinine to more than 300% (&gt;3-fold) from baseline OR serum creatinine ≥354 μmol/L accompanied by an acute increase of at least 44 μmol/L OR urine output less than 0.3 mL/kg per hour for 24 hours or anuria for 12 hours.
 
     The CIN Consensus Working Panel (McCollough et al, Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2006; 7(4):177-197, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) uses a serum creatinine rise of 25% to define Contrast induced nephropathy (which is a type of AKI). Although various groups propose slightly different criteria for using serum creatinine to detect AKI, the consensus is that small changes in serum creatinine, such as 0.3 mg/dL or 25%, are sufficient to detect AKI (worsening renal function) and that the magnitude of the serum creatinine change is an indicator of the severity of the AKI and mortality risk. 
     Although serial measurement of serum creatinine over a period of days is an accepted method of detecting and diagnosing AKI and is considered one of the most important tools to evaluate AKI patients, serum creatinine is generally regarded to have several limitations in the diagnosis, assessment and monitoring of AKI patients. The time period for serum creatinine to rise to values (e.g., a 0.3 mg/dL or 25% rise) considered diagnostic for AKI can be 48 hours or longer depending on the definition used. Since cellular injury in AKI can occur over a period of hours, serum creatinine elevations detected at 48 hours or longer can be a late indicator of injury, and relying on serum creatinine can thus delay diagnosis of AKI. Furthermore, serum creatinine is not a good indicator of the exact kidney status and treatment needs during the most acute phases of AKI when kidney function is changing rapidly. Some patients with AKI will recover fully, some will need dialysis (either short term or long term) and some will have other detrimental outcomes including death, major adverse cardiac events and chronic kidney disease. Because serum creatinine is a marker of filtration rate, it does not differentiate between the causes of AKI (pre-renal, intrinsic renal, post-renal obstruction, atheroembolic, etc) or the category or location of injury in intrinsic renal disease (for example, tubular, glomerular or interstitial in origin). Urine output is similarly limited, Knowing these things can be of vital importance in managing and treating patients with AKI. 
     These limitations underscore the need for better methods to detect and assess AKI, particularly in the early and subclinical stages, but also in later stages when recovery and repair of the kidney can occur. Furthermore, there is a need to better identify patients who are at risk of having an AKI. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the invention to provide methods and compositions for evaluating renal function in a subject. As described herein, measurement of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain (each referred to herein as a “kidney injury marker”) can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, staging, monitoring, categorizing and determination of further diagnosis and treatment regimens in subjects suffering or at risk of suffering from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, and/or acute renal failure (also called acute kidney injury). 
     The kidney injury markers of the present invention may be used, individually or in panels comprising a plurality of kidney injury markers, for risk stratification (that is, to identify subjects at risk for a future injury to renal function, for future progression to reduced renal function, for future progression to ARF, for future improvement in renal function, etc.); for diagnosis of existing disease (that is, to identify subjects who have suffered an injury to renal function, who have progressed to reduced renal function, who have progressed to ARF, etc.); for monitoring for deterioration or improvement of renal function; and for predicting a future medical outcome, such as improved or worsening renal function, a decreased or increased mortality risk, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will require renal replacement therapy (i.e., hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, hemofiltration, and/or renal transplantation, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will recover from an injury to renal function, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will recover from ARF, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will progress to end stage renal disease, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will progress to chronic renal failure, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will suffer rejection of a transplanted kidney, etc. 
     In a first aspect, the present invention relates to methods for evaluating renal status in a subject. These methods comprise performing an assay method that is configured to detect one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain is/are then correlated to the renal status of the subject. This correlation to renal status may include correlating the assay result(s) to one or more of risk stratification, diagnosis, prognosis, staging, classifying and monitoring of the subject as described herein. Thus, the present invention utilizes one or more kidney injury markers of the present invention for the evaluation of renal injury. 
     In certain embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for risk stratification of the subject; that is, assigning a likelihood of one or more future changes in renal status to the subject. In these embodiments, the assay result(s) is/are correlated to one or more such future changes. The following are preferred risk stratification embodiments. 
     In preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for a future injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such a future injury to renal function. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for future reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such reduced renal function. For example, the measured concentrations may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of future reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In still other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s likelihood for a future improvement in renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such a future improvement in renal function. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of a future improvement in renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of a future improvement in renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. 
     In yet other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for progression to ARF, and the result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such progression to ARF. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of progression to ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of progression to ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     And in other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s outcome risk, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of the occurrence of a clinical outcome related to a renal injury suffered by the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of one or more of: acute kidney injury, progression to a worsening stage of AKI, mortality, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, a requirement for withdrawal of renal toxins, end stage renal disease, heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, progression to chronic kidney disease, etc., is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of one or more of: acute kidney injury, progression to a worsening stage of AKI, mortality, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, a requirement for withdrawal of renal toxins, end stage renal disease, heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, progression to chronic kidney disease, etc., is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In such risk stratification embodiments, preferably the likelihood or risk assigned is that an event of interest is more or less likely to occur within 180 days of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject. In particularly preferred embodiments, the likelihood or risk assigned relates to an event of interest occurring within a shorter time period such as 18 months, 120 days, 90 days, 60 days, 45 days, 30 days, 21 days, 14 days, 7 days, 5 days, 96 hours, 72 hours, 48 hours, 36 hours, 24 hours, 12 hours, or less. A risk at 0 hours of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject is equivalent to diagnosis of a current condition. 
     In preferred risk stratification embodiments, the subject is selected for risk stratification based on the pre-existence in the subject of one or more known risk factors for prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal ARF. For example, a subject undergoing or having undergone major vascular surgery, coronary artery bypass, or other cardiac surgery; a subject having pre-existing congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, glomerular filtration below the normal range, cirrhosis, serum creatinine above the normal range, or sepsis; or a subject exposed to NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin are all preferred subjects for monitoring risks according to the methods described herein. This list is not meant to be limiting. By “pre-existence” in this context is meant that the risk factor exists at the time the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject. In particularly preferred embodiments, a subject is chosen for risk stratification based on an existing diagnosis of injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. 
     In other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for diagnosing a renal injury in the subject; that is, assessing whether or not a subject has suffered from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status. The following are preferred diagnostic embodiments. 
     In preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of such an injury. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In yet other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of ARF, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury causing ARF. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of ARF may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of ARF may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing a subject as being in need of renal replacement therapy, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a need for renal replacement therapy. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing a subject as being in need of renal transplantation, and the assay result (s0 is/are correlated to a need for renal transplantation. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for monitoring a renal injury in the subject; that is, assessing whether or not renal function is improving or worsening in a subject who has suffered from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status. The following are preferred monitoring embodiments. 
     In preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from an injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In other preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In yet other preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from acute renal failure, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In other additional preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject at risk of an injury to renal function due to the pre-existence of one or more known risk factors for prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal ARF, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In still other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for classifying a renal injury in the subject; that is, determining whether a renal injury in a subject is prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal; and/or further subdividing these classes into subclasses such as acute tubular injury, acute glomerulonephritis acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute vascular nephropathy, or infiltrative disease; and/or assigning a likelihood that a subject will progress to a particular RIFLE stage. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain is/are correlated to a particular class and/or subclass. The following are preferred classification embodiments. 
     In preferred classification embodiments, these methods comprise determining whether a renal injury in a subject is prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal; and/or further subdividing these classes into subclasses such as acute tubular injury, acute glomerulonephritis acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute vascular nephropathy, or infiltrative disease; and/or assigning a likelihood that a subject will progress to a particular RIFLE stage, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the injury classification for the subject. For example, the measured concentration may be compared to a threshold value, and when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a particular classification is assigned; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a different classification may be assigned to the subject. 
     A variety of methods may be used by the skilled artisan to arrive at a desired threshold value for use in these methods. For example, the threshold value may be determined from a population of normal subjects by selecting a concentration representing the 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th, or 99th percentile of a kidney injury marker measured in such normal subjects. Alternatively, the threshold value may be determined from a “diseased” population of subjects, e.g., those suffering from an injury or having a predisposition for an injury (e.g., progression to ARF or some other clinical outcome such as death, dialysis, renal transplantation, etc.), by selecting a concentration representing the 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th, or 99th percentile of a kidney injury marker measured in such subjects. In another alternative, the threshold value may be determined from a prior measurement of a kidney injury marker in the same subject; that is, a temporal change in the level of a kidney injury marker in the subject may be used to assign risk to the subject. 
     The foregoing discussion is not meant to imply, however, that the kidney injury markers of the present invention must be compared to corresponding individual thresholds. Methods for combining assay results can comprise the use of multivariate logistical regression, loglinear modeling, neural network analysis, n-of-m analysis, decision tree analysis, calculating ratios of markers, etc. This list is not meant to be limiting. In these methods, a composite result which is determined by combining individual markers may be treated as if it is itself a marker; that is, a threshold may be determined for the composite result as described herein for individual markers, and the composite result for an individual patient compared to this threshold. 
     The ability of a particular test to distinguish two populations can be established using ROC analysis. For example, ROC curves established from a “first” subpopulation which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed can be used to calculate a ROC curve, and the area under the curve provides a measure of the quality of the test. Preferably, the tests described herein provide a ROC curve area greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9, and most preferably at least 0.95. 
     In certain aspects, the measured concentration of one or more kidney injury markers, or a composite of such markers, may be treated as continuous variables. For example, any particular concentration can be converted into a corresponding probability of a future reduction in renal function for the subject, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc. In yet another alternative, a threshold that can provide an acceptable level of specificity and sensitivity in separating a population of subjects into “bins” such as a “first” subpopulation (e.g., which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc.) and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed. A threshold value is selected to separate this first and second population by one or more of the following measures of test accuracy: 
     an odds ratio greater than 1, preferably at least about 2 or more or about 0.5 or less, more preferably at least about 3 or more or about 0.33 or less, still more preferably at least about 4 or more or about 0.25 or less, even more preferably at least about 5 or more or about 0.2 or less, and most preferably at least about 10 or more or about 0.1 or less;
 
a specificity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least about 0.6, more preferably at least about 0.7, still more preferably at least about 0.8, even more preferably at least about 0.9 and most preferably at least about 0.95, with a corresponding sensitivity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than about 0.3, more preferably greater than about 0.4, still more preferably at least about 0.5, even more preferably about 0.6, yet more preferably greater than about 0.7, still more preferably greater than about 0.8, more preferably greater than about 0.9, and most preferably greater than about 0.95;
 
a sensitivity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least about 0.6, more preferably at least about 0.7, still more preferably at least about 0.8, even more preferably at least about 0.9 and most preferably at least about 0.95, with a corresponding specificity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than about 0.3, more preferably greater than about 0.4, still more preferably at least about 0.5, even more preferably about 0.6, yet more preferably greater than about 0.7, still more preferably greater than about 0.8, more preferably greater than about 0.9, and most preferably greater than about 0.95;
 
at least about 75% sensitivity, combined with at least about 75% specificity;
 
a positive likelihood ratio (calculated as sensitivity/(1-specificity)) of greater than 1, at least about 2, more preferably at least about 3, still more preferably at least about 5, and most preferably at least about 10; or
 
a negative likelihood ratio (calculated as (1−sensitivity)/specificity) of less than 1, less than or equal to about 0.5, more preferably less than or equal to about 0.3, and most preferably less than or equal to about 0.1.
 
The term “about” in the context of any of the above measurements refers to +/−5% of a given measurement.
 
     Multiple thresholds may also be used to assess renal status in a subject. For example, a “first” subpopulation which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc., and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed can be combined into a single group. This group is then subdivided into three or more equal parts (known as tertiles, quartiles, quintiles, etc., depending on the number of subdivisions). An odds ratio is assigned to subjects based on which subdivision they fall into. If one considers a tertile, the lowest or highest tertile can be used as a reference for comparison of the other subdivisions. This reference subdivision is assigned an odds ratio of 1. The second tertile is assigned an odds ratio that is relative to that first tertile. That is, someone in the second tertile might be 3 times more likely to suffer one or more future changes in renal status in comparison to someone in the first tertile. The third tertile is also assigned an odds ratio that is relative to that first tertile. 
     In certain embodiments, the assay method is an immunoassay. Antibodies for use in such assays will specifically bind a full length kidney injury marker of interest, and may also bind one or more polypeptides that are “related” thereto, as that term is defined hereinafter. Numerous immunoassay formats are known to those of skill in the art. Preferred body fluid samples are selected from the group consisting of urine, blood, serum, saliva, tears, and plasma. In the case of those kidney injury markers which are membrane proteins as described hereinafter, preferred assays detect soluble forms thereof. 
     The foregoing method steps should not be interpreted to mean that the kidney injury marker assay result(s) is/are used in isolation in the methods described herein. Rather, additional variables or other clinical indicia may be included in the methods described herein. For example, a risk stratification, diagnostic, classification, monitoring, etc. method may combine the assay result(s) with one or more variables measured for the subject selected from the group consisting of demographic information (e.g., weight, sex, age, race), medical history (e.g., family history, type of surgery, pre-existing disease such as aneurism, congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, or sepsis, type of toxin exposure such as NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin), clinical variables (e.g., blood pressure, temperature, respiration rate), risk scores (APACHE score, PREDICT score, TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI, Framingham Risk Score, risk scores of Thakar et al. (J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: 162-68, 2005), Mehran et al. (J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 44: 1393-99, 2004), Wijeysundera et al. (JAMA 297: 1801-9, 2007), Goldstein and Chawla (Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5: 943-49, 2010), or Chawla et al. (Kidney Intl. 68: 2274-80, 2005)), a glomerular filtration rate, an estimated glomerular filtration rate, a urine production rate, a serum or plasma creatinine concentration, a urine creatinine concentration, a fractional excretion of sodium, a urine sodium concentration, a urine creatinine to serum or plasma creatinine ratio, a urine specific gravity, a urine osmolality, a urine urea nitrogen to plasma urea nitrogen ratio, a plasma BUN to creatnine ratio, a renal failure index calculated as urine sodium/(urine creatinine/plasma creatinine), a serum or plasma neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL) concentration, a urine NGAL concentration, a serum or plasma cystatin C concentration, a serum or plasma cardiac troponin concentration, a serum or plasma BNP concentration, a serum or plasma NTproBNP concentration, and a serum or plasma proBNP concentration. Other measures of renal function which may be combined with one or more kidney injury marker assay result(s) are described hereinafter and in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 1741-1830, and Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 785-815, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     When more than one marker is measured, the individual markers may be measured in samples obtained at the same time, or may be determined from samples obtained at different (e.g., an earlier or later) times. The individual markers may also be measured on the same or different body fluid samples. For example, one kidney injury marker may be measured in a serum or plasma sample and another kidney injury marker may be measured in a urine sample. In addition, assignment of a likelihood may combine an individual kidney injury marker assay result with temporal changes in one or more additional variables. 
     In various related aspects, the present invention also relates to devices and kits for performing the methods described herein. Suitable kits comprise reagents sufficient for performing an assay for at least one of the described kidney injury markers, together with instructions for performing the described threshold comparisons. 
     In certain embodiments, reagents for performing such assays are provided in an assay device, and such assay devices may be included in such a kit. Preferred reagents can comprise one or more solid phase antibodies, the solid phase antibody comprising antibody that detects the intended biomarker target(s) bound to a solid support. In the case of sandwich immunoassays, such reagents can also include one or more detectably labeled antibodies, the detectably labeled antibody comprising antibody that detects the intended biomarker target(s) bound to a detectable label. Additional optional elements that may be provided as part of an assay device are described hereinafter. 
     Detectable labels may include molecules that are themselves detectable (e.g., fluorescent moieties, electrochemical labels, ecl (electrochemical luminescence) labels, metal chelates, colloidal metal particles, etc.) as well as molecules that may be indirectly detected by production of a detectable reaction product (e.g., enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, etc.) or through the use of a specific binding molecule which itself may be detectable (e.g., a labeled antibody that binds to the second antibody, biotin, digoxigenin, maltose, oligohistidine, 2,4-dintrobenzene, phenylarsenate, ssDNA, dsDNA, etc.). 
     Generation of a signal from the signal development element can be performed using various optical, acoustical, and electrochemical methods well known in the art. Examples of detection modes include fluorescence, radiochemical detection, reflectance, absorbance, amperometry, conductance, impedance, interferometry, ellipsometry, etc. In certain of these methods, the solid phase antibody is coupled to a transducer (e.g., a diffraction grating, electrochemical sensor, etc) for generation of a signal, while in others, a signal is generated by a transducer that is spatially separate from the solid phase antibody (e.g., a fluorometer that employs an excitation light source and an optical detector). This list is not meant to be limiting. Antibody-based biosensors may also be employed to determine the presence or amount of analytes that optionally eliminate the need for a labeled molecule. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to methods and compositions for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, risk stratification, monitoring, classifying and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering or at risk of suffering from injury to renal function, reduced renal function and/or acute renal failure through measurement of one or more kidney injury markers. In various embodiments, a measured concentration of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, Tenascin C, Angiopoietin-related protein 4, Fibroblast growth factor 19, Fibroblast growth factor 21, Heparin-binding growth factor 1, Angiopoietin-related protein 6, Proepiregulin, Probetacellulin, Amphiregulin, Angiogenin, Thrombospondin-2, and Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain or one or more markers related thereto, are correlated to the renal status of the subject. 
     For purposes of this document, the following definitions apply: 
     As used herein, an “injury to renal function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) measurable reduction in a measure of renal function. Such an injury may be identified, for example, by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate or estimated GFR, a reduction in urine output, an increase in serum creatinine, an increase in serum cystatin C, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, etc. “Improvement in Renal Function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) measurable increase in a measure of renal function. Preferred methods for measuring and/or estimating GFR are described hereinafter. 
     As used herein, “reduced renal function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) reduction in kidney function identified by an absolute increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 0.1 mg/dL (≥8.8 μmol/L), a percentage increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 20% (1.2-fold from baseline), or a reduction in urine output (documented oliguria of less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour). 
     As used herein, “acute renal failure” or “ARF” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) reduction in kidney function identified by an absolute increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 0.3 mg/dl (≥26.4 μmol/l), a percentage increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 50% (1.5-fold from baseline), or a reduction in urine output (documented oliguria of less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour for at least 6 hours). This term is synonymous with “acute kidney injury” or “AKI.” 
     As used herein, the term “Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor precursor (Swiss-Prot Q99075 (SEQ ID NO: 1)): 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                          10        20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MKLLPSVVLK LFLAAVLSAL VTGESLERLR RGLAAGTSNP DPPTVSTDQL LPLGGGRDRK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 VRDLQEADLD LLRVTLSSKP QALATPNKEE HGKRKKKGKG LGKKRDPCLR KYKDFCIHGE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 CKYVKELRAP SCICHPGYHG ERCHGLSLPV ENRLYTYDHT TILAVVAVVL SSVCLLVIVG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200 
               
               
                 LLMFRYHRRG GYDVENEEKV KLGMTNSH 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor assay detects one or more soluble forms of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor. Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). The following domains have been identified in Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                  1-19 
                 19 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                  20-208 
                 189 
                 Proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor 
               
               
                  63-148 
                 86 
                 Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor 
               
               
                 20-62 
                 43 
                 Propeptide (alternative endings at 72, 73, 76, and 81) 
               
               
                 149-208 
                 60 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                  20-160 
                 141 
                 Extracellular 
               
               
                 161-184 
                 24 
                 Transmembrane 
               
               
                 185-208 
                 24 
                 Cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Tenascin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Tenascin precursor (Swiss-Prot P24821 (SEQ ID NO: 2)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MGAMTQLLAG VFLAFLALAT EGGVLKKVIR HKRQSGVNAT LPEENQPVVF NHVYNIKLPV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 GSQCSVDLES ASGEKDLAPP SEPSESFQEH TVDGENQIVF THRINIPRRA CGCAAAPDVK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 ELLSRLEELE NLVSSLREQC TAGAGCCLQP ATGRLDTRPF CSGRGNFSTE GCGCVCEPGW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 KGPNCSEPEC PGNCHLRGRC IDGQCICDDG FTGEDCSQLA CPSDCNDQGK CVNGVCICFE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 GYAGADCSRE ICPVPCSEEH GTCVDGLCVC HDGFAGDDCN KPLCLNNCYN RGRCVENECV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 CDEGFTGEDC SELICPNDCF DRGRCINGTC YCEEGFTGED CGKPTCPHAC HTQGRCEEGQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 CVCDEGFAGV DCSEKRCPAD CHNRGRCVDG RCECDDGFTG ADCGELKCPN GCSGHGRCVN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 GQCVCDEGYT GEDCSQLRCP NDCHSRGRCV EGKCVCEQGF KGYDCSDMSC PNDCHQHGRC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 VNGMCVCDDG YTGEDCRDRQ CPRDCSNRGL CVDGQCVCED GFTGPDCAEL SCPNDCHGQG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 RCVNGQCVCH EGFMGKDCKE QRCPSDCHGQ GRCVDGQCIC HEGFTGLDCG QHSCPSDCNN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 LGQCVSGRCI CNEGYSGEDC SEVSPPKDLV VTEVTEETVN LAWDNEMRVT EYLVVYTPTH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 EGGLEMQFRV PGDQTSTIIQ ELEPGVEYFI RVFAILENKK SIPVSARVAT YLPAPEGLKF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 KSIKETSVEV EWDPLDIAFE TWEIIFRNMN KEDEGEITKS LRRPETSYRQ TGLAPGQEYE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 ISLHIVKNNT RGPGLKRVTT TRLDAPSQIE VKDVTDTTAL ITWFKPLAEI DGIELTYGIK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 DVPGDRTTID LTEDENQYSI GNLKPDTEYE VSLISRRGDM SSNPAKETFT TGLDAPRNLR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910        920        930        940        950        960 
               
               
                 RVSQTDNSIT LEWRNGKAAI DSYRIKYAPI SGGDHAEVDV PKSQQATTKT TLTGLRPGTE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
               
               
                 YGIGVSAVKE DKESNPATIN AATELDTPKD LQVSETAETS LTLLWKTPLA KFDRYRLNYS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
               
               
                 LPTGQWVGVQ LPRNTTSYVL RGLEPGQEYN VLLTAEKGRH KSKPARVKAS TEQAPELENL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
               
               
                 TVTEVGWDGL RLNWTAADQA YEHFIIQVQE ANKVEAARNL TVPGSLRAVD IPGLKAATPY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1150       1160       1170       1180       1190       1200 
               
               
                 TVSIYGVIQG YRTPVLSAEA STGETPNLGE VVVAEVGWDA LKLNWTAPEG AYEYFFIQVQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1210       1220       1230       1240       1250       1260 
               
               
                 EADTVEAAQN LTVPGGLRST DLPGLKAATH YTITIRGVTQ DFSTTPLSVE VLTEEVPDMG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1270       1280       1290       1300       1310       1320 
               
               
                 NLTVTEVSWD ALRLNWTTPD GTYDQFTIQV QEADQVEEAH NLTVPGSLRS MEIPGLRAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1330       1340       1350       1360       1370       1380 
               
               
                 PYTVTLHGEV RGHSTRPLAV EVVTEDLPQL GDLAVSEVGW DGLRLNWTAA DNAYEHFVIQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1390       1400       1410       1420       1430       1440 
               
               
                 VQEVNKVEAA QNLTLPGSLR AVDIPGLEAA TPYRVSIYGV IRGYRTPVLS AEASTAKEPE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1450       1460       1470       1480       1490       1500 
               
               
                 IGNLNVSDIT PESFNLSWMA TDGIFETFTI EIIDSNRLLE TVEYNISGAE RTAHISGLPP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1510       1520       1530       1540       1550       1560 
               
               
                 STDFIVYLSG LAPSIRTKTI SATATTEALP LLENLTISDI NPYGFTVSWM ASENAFDSFL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1570       1580       1590       1600       1610       1620 
               
               
                 VTVVDSGKLL DPQEFTLSGT QRKLELRGLI TGIGYEVMVS GFTQGHQTKP LRAEIVTEAE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1630       1640       1650       1660       1670       1680 
               
               
                 PEVDNLLVSD ATPDGFRLSW TADEGVFDNF VLKIRDTKKQ SEPLEITLLA PERTRDITGL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1690       1700       1710       1720       1730       1740 
               
               
                 REATEYEIEL YGISKGRRSQ TVSAIATTAM GSPKEVIFSD ITENSATVSW RAPTAQVESF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1750       1760       1770       1780       1790       1800 
               
               
                 RITYVPITGG TPSMVTVDGT KTQTRLVKLI PGVEYLVSII AMKGFEESEP VSGSFTTALD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1810       1820       1830       1840       1850       1860 
               
               
                 GPSGLVTANI TDSEALARWQ PAIATVDSYV ISYTGEKVPE ITRTVSGNTV EYALTDLEPA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1870       1880       1890       1900       1910       1920 
               
               
                 TEYTLRIFAE KGPQKSSTIT AKFTTDLDSP RDLTATEVQS ETALLTWRPP RASVTGYLLV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1930       1940       1950       1960       1970       1980 
               
               
                 YESVDGTVKE VIVGPDTTSY SLADLSPSTH YTAKIQALNG PLRSNMIQTI FTTIGLLYPF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1990       2000       2010       2020       2030       2040 
               
               
                 PKDCSQAMLN GDTTSGLYTI YLNGDKAEAL EVFCDMTSDG GGWIVFLRRK NGRENFYQNW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2050       2060       2070       2080       2090       2100 
               
               
                 KAYAAGFGDR REEFWLGLDN LNKITAQGQY ELRVDLRDHG ETAFAVYDKF SVGDAKTRYK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2110       2120       2130       2140       2150       2160 
               
               
                 LKVEGYSGTA GDSMAYHNGR SFSTFDKDTD SAITNCALSY KGAFWYRNCH RVNLMGRYGD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2170       2180       2190       2200 
               
               
                 NNHSQGVNWF HWKGHEHSIQ FAEMKLRPSN FRNLEGRRKR A 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Tenascin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-22 
                  22 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  23-2201 
                 2179 
                 Tenascin 
               
               
                   
                 1072-1435 
                 Missing in isoform 2 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1527-1617 
                 Missing in isoform 2 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1072-1435 
                 Missing in isoform 3 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1527-1617 
                 Missing in isoform 4 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1072-1617 
                 Missing in isoform 5 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1072-1708 
                 Missing in isoform 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Angiopoietin-related protein 4” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Angiopoietin-related protein 4 precursor (Swiss-Prot 09BY76 (SEQ ID NO: 311 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MSGAPTAGAA LMLCAATAVL LSAQGGPVQS KSPRFASWDE MNVLAHGLLQ LGQGLREHAE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 RTRSQLSALE RRLSACGSAC QGTEGSTDLP LAPESRVDPE VLHSLQTQLK AQNSRIQQLF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 HKVAQQQRHL EKQHLRIQHL QSQFGLLDHK HLDHEVAKPA RRKRLPEMAQ PVDPAHNVSR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 LHRLPRDCQE LFQVGERQSG LFEIQPQGSP PFLVNCKMTS DGGWTVIQRR HDGSVDFNRP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 WEAYKAGFGD PHGEFWLGLE KVHSITGDRN SRLAVQLRDW DGNAELLQFS VHLGGEDTAY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 SLQLTAPVAG QLGATTVPPS GLSVPFSTWD QDHDLRRDKN CAKSLSGGWW FGTCSHSNLN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400 
               
               
                 GQYFRSIPQQ RQKLKKGIFW KTWRGRYYPL QATTMLIQPM AAEAAS 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Angiopoietin-related protein 4: 
     Residues Length Domain ID 
     1-25 25 Signal peptide
 
26-406 381 Angiopoietin-related protein 4
 
     As used herein, the term “Fibroblast growth factor 19” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Fibroblast growth factor 19 precursor (Swiss-Prot 095750 (SEQ ID NO: 4)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MRSGCVVVHV WILAGLWLAV AGRPLAFSDA GPHVHYGWGD PIRLRHLYTS GPHGLSSCFL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 RIRADGVVDC ARGQSAHSLL EIKAVALRTV AIKGVHSVRY LCMGADGKMQ GLLQYSEEDC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 AFEEEIRPDG YNVYRSEKHR LPVSLSSAKQ RQLYKNRGFL PLSHFLPMLP MVPEEPEDLR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210 
               
               
                 GHLESDMFSS PLETDSMDPF GLVTGLEAVR SPSFEK 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Fibroblast growth factor 19: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-24 
                  24 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  25-216 
                 192 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 19 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Fibroblast growth factor 21” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Fibroblast growth factor 21 precursor (Swiss-Prot Q9NSA1 (SEQ ID NO: 5)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MDSDETGFEH SGLWVSVLAG LLLGACQAHP IPDSSPLLQF GGQVRQRYLY TDDAQQTEAH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 LEIREDGTVG GAADQSPESL LQLKALKPGV IQILGVKTSR FLCQRPDGAL YGSLHFDPEA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 CSFRELLLED GYNVYQSEAH GLPLHLPGNK SPHRDPAPRG PARFLPLPGL PPALPEPPGI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200 
               
               
                 LAPQPPDVGS SDPLSMVGPS QGRSPSYAS 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Fibroblast growth factor 21: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-28 
                  28 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  29-209 
                 181 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Heparin-binding growth factor 1” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Heparin-binding growth factor 1 precursor (Swiss-Prot P05230 (SEQ ID NO: 6)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MAEGEITTFT ALTEKFNLPP GNYKKPKLLY CSNGGHFLRI LPDGTVDGTR DRSDQHIQLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 LSAESVGEVY IKSTETGQYL AMDTDGLLYG SQTPNEECLF LERLEENHYN TYISKKHAEK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150 
               
               
                 NWFVGLKKNG SCKRGPRTHY GQKAILFLPL PVSSD 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Heparin-binding growth factor 1: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                  1-15 
                  15 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                 16-155 
                 140 
                 Heparin-binding growth factor 1 
               
               
                 57-60 
                   
                 IQLQ → TDTK in isoform 2 2 (″IQLQ″ and  
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 ″TDTK″ disclosed as SEQ ID NOS 16 and 17, respectively) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                  61-155 
                   
                 Missing in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Angiopoietin-related protein 6” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Angiopoietin-related protein 6 precursor (Swiss-Prot Q8NI99 (SEQ ID NO: 7)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MGKPWLRALQ LLLLLGASWA RAGAPRCTYT FVLPPQKFTG AVCWSGPAST RATPEAANAS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 ELAALRMRVG RHEELLRELQ RLAAADGAVA GEVRALRKES RGLSARLGQL RAQLQHEAGP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 GAGPGADLGA EPAAALALLG ERVLNASAEA QRAAARFHQL DVKFRELAQL VTQQSSLIAR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 LERLCPGGAG GQQQVLPPPP LVPVVPVRLV GSTSDTSRML DPAPEPQRDQ TQRQQEPMAS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 PMPAGHPAVP TKPVGPWQDC AEARQAGHEQ SGVYELRVGR HVVSVWCEQQ LEGGGWTVIQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 RRQDGSVNFF TTWQHYKAGF GRPDGEYWLG LEPVYQLTSR GDHELLVLLE DWGGRGARAH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 YDGFSLEPES DHYRLRLGQY HGDAGDSLSW HNDKPFSTVD RDRDSYSGNC ALYQRGGWWY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470  
               
               
                 HACAHSNLNG VWHHGGHYRS RYQDGVYWAE FRGGAYSLRK AAMLIRPLKL 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Angiopoietin-related protein 6: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                  1-20 
                 20 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  21-470 
                 450 
                 Angiopoietin-related protein 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Proepiregulin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Proepiregulin precursor (Swiss-Prot 014944 (SEQ ID NO: 8)): 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MTAGRRMEML CAGRVPALLL CLGFHLLQAV LSTTVIPSCI PGESSDNCTA LVQTEDNPRV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 AQVSITKCSS DMNGYCLHGQ CIYLVDMSQN YCRCEVGYTG VRCEHFFLTV HQPLSKEYVA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160 
               
               
                 LTVILIILFL ITVVGSTYYF CRWYRNRKSK EPKKEYERVT SGDPELPQV 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Proepiregulin assay detects one or more soluble forms of Proepiregulin. Proepiregulin is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Proepiregulin generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). Preferred assays detect Proepiregulin. The following domains have been identified in Proepiregulin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                  1-29 
                 29 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  30-169 
                 140 
                 Proepiregulin 
               
               
                   
                  60-108 
                 49 
                 Proepiregulin 
               
               
                   
                 109-169 
                 61 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
                  60-119 
                 60 
                 Extracellular 
               
               
                   
                 120-140 
                 21 
                 Transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                 141-169 
                 61 
                 Cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Probetacellulin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Probetacellulin precursor (Swiss-Prot P35070 (SEQ ID NO: 9)): 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MDRAARCSGA SSLPLLLALA LGLVILHCVV ADGNSTRSPE TNGLLCGDPE ENCAATTTQS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 KRKGHFSRCP KQYKHYCIKG RCRFVVAEQT PSCVCDEGYI GARCERVDLF YLRGDRGQIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170 
               
               
                 VICLIAVMVV FIILVIGVCT CCHPLRKRRK RKKKEEEMET LGKDITPINE DIEETNIA 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Probetacellulin assay detects one or more soluble forms of Probetacellulin. Probetacellulin is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Probetacellulin generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). The following domains have been identified in Probetacellulin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                  1-31 
                 31 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  32-178 
                 147 
                 Probetacellulin 
               
               
                   
                  32-111 
                 80 
                 Betacellulin 
               
               
                   
                 112-178 
                 67 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
                  32-118 
                 87 
                 Extracellular 
               
               
                   
                 119-139 
                 21 
                 Transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                 140-178 
                 39 
                 Cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Amphiregulin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Amphiregulin precursor (Swiss-Prot P15514 (SEQ ID NO: 10)): 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MRAPLLPPAP VVLSLLILGS GHYAAGLDLN DTYSGKREPF SGDHSADGFE VTSRSEMSSG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 SEISPVSEMP SSSEPSSGAD YDYSEEYDNE PQIPGYIVDD SVRVEQVVKP PQNKTESENT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 SDKPKRKKKG GKNGKNRRNR KKKNPCNAEF QNFCIHGECK YIEHLEAVTC KCQQEYFGER 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 CGEKSMKTHS MIDSSLSKIA LAAIAAFMSA VILTAVAVIT VQLRRQYVRK YEGEAEERKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250 
               
               
                 LRQENGNVHA IA 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Amphiregulin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-19 
                 19 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  20-100 
                 81 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
                 101-184 
                 84 
                 Amphiregulin 
               
               
                   
                 185-252 
                 68 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
                 199-221 
                 23 
                 Transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Angiogenin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Angiogenin precursor (Swiss-Prot P03950 (SEQ ID NO: 11)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MVMGLGVLLL VFVLGLGLTP PTLAQDNSRY THFLTQHYDA KPQGRDDRYC ESIMRRRGLT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 SPCKDINTFI HGNKRSIKAI CENKNGNPHR ENLRISKSSF QVTTCKLHGG SPWPPCQYRA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140 
               
               
                 TAGFRNVVVA CENGLPVHLD QSIFRRP 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Angiogenin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-24 
                  24 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  25-147 
                 123 
                 Angiogenin 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Thrombospondin-2” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Thrombospondin-2 precursor (Swiss-Prot P35442 (SEQ ID NO: 12)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MVWRLVLLAL WVWPSTQAGH QDKDTTFDLF SISNINRKTI GAKQFRGPDP GVPAYRFVRF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 DYIPPVNADD LSKITKIMRQ KEGFFLTAQL KQDGKSRGTL LALEGPGLSQ RQFEIVSNGP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 ADTLDLTYWI DGTRHVVSLE DVGLADSQWK NVTVQVAGET YSLHVGCDLI DSFALDEPFY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 EHLQAEKSRM YVAKGSARES HFRGLLQNVH LVFENSVEDI SKKGCQQGQ GAEINAISEN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 TETLRLGPHV TTEYVGPSSE RRPEVCERSC EELGNMVQEL SGLHVLVNQL SENLKRVSND 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 NQFLWELIGG PPKTRNMSAC WQDGRFFAEN ETWVVDSCTT CTCKKFKTIC HQITCPPATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 ASPSFVEGEC CPSCLHSVDG EEGWSPWAEW TQCSVTCGSG TQQRGRSCDV TSNTCLGPSI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 QTRACSLSKC DTRIRQDGGW SHWSPWSSCS VTCGVGNITR IRLCNSPVPQ MGGKNCKGSG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 RETKACQGAP CPIDGRWSPW SPWSACTVTC AGGIRERTRV CNSPEPQYGG KACVGDVQER 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 QMCNKRSCPV DGCLSNPCFP GAQCSSFPDG SWSCGSCPVG FLGNGTHCED LDECALVPDI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 CFSTSKVPRC VNTQPGFHCL PCPPRYRGNQ PVGVGLEAAK TEKQVCEPEN PCKDKTHNCH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 KHAECIYLGH FSDPMYKCEC QTGYAGDGLI CGEDSDLDGW PNLNLVCATN ATYHCIKDNC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 PHLPNSGQED FDKDGIGDAC DDDDDNDGVT DEKDNCQLLF NPRQADYDKD EVGDRCDNCP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 YVHNPAQIDT DNNGEGDACS VDIDGDDVFN ERDNCPYVYN TDQRDTDGDG VGDHCDNCPL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 VHNPDQTDVD NDLVGDQCDN NEDIDDDGHQ NNQDNCPYIS NANQADHDRD GQGDACDPDD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910        920        930        940        950        960 
               
               
                 DNDGVPDDRD NCRLVFNPDQ EDLDGDGRGD ICKDDFDNDN IPDIDDVCPE NNAISETDFR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
               
               
                 NFQMVPLDPK GTTQIDPNWV IRHQGKELVQ TANSDPGIAV GFDEFGSVDF SGTFYVNTDR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
               
               
                 DDDYAGFVFG YQSSSRFYVV MWKQVTQTYW EDQPTRAYGY SGVSLKVVNS TTGTGEHLRN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
               
               
                 ALWHTGNTPG QVRTLWHDPR NIGWKDYTAY RWHLTHRPKT GYIRVLVHEG KQVMADSGPI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1150       1160       1170 
               
               
                 YDQTYAGGRL GLFVFSQEMV YFSDLKYECR DI 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Thrombospondin-2: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  1-18 
                  18 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  19-1172 
                 1154 
                 Thrombospondin-2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain precursor (Swiss-Prot P39060 (SEQ ID NO: 13)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MAPYPCGCHI LLLLFCCLAA ARANLLNLNW LWFNNEDTSH AATTIPEPQG PLPVQPTADT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 TTHVTPRNGS TEPATAPGSP EPPSELLEDG QDTPTSAESP DAPEENIAGV GAEILNVAKG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 IRSFVQLWND TVPTESLARA ETLVLETPVG PLALAGPSST PQENGTTLWP SRGIPSSPGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 HTTEAGTLPA PTPSPPSLGR PWAPLTGPSV PPPSSGRASL SSLLGGAPPW GSLQDPDSQG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 LSPAAAAPSQ QLQRPDVRLR TPLLHPLVMG SLGKHAAPSA FSSGLPGALS QVAVTTLTRD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 SGAWVSHVAN SVGPGLANNS ALLGADPEAP AGRCLPLPPS LPVCGHLGIS RFWLPNHLHH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 ESGEQVRAGA RAWGGLLQTH CHPFLAWFFC LLLVPPCGSV PPPAPPPCCQ FCEALQDACW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 SRLGGGRLPV ACASLPTQED GYCVLIGPAA ERISEEVGLL QLLGDPPPQQ VTQTDDPDVG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 LAYVFGPDAN SGQVARYHFP SLFFRDFSLL FHIRPATEGP GVLFAITDSA QAMVLLGVKL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 SGVQDGHQDI SLLYTEPGAG QTHTAASFRL PAFVGQWTHL ALSVAGGFVA LYVDCEEFQR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 MPLARSSRGL ELEPGAGLFV AQAGGADPDK FQGVIAELKV RRDPQVSPMH CLDEEGDDSD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 GASGDSGSGL GDARELLREE TGAALKPRLP APPPVTTPPL AGGSSTEDSR SEEVEEQTTV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 ASLGAQTLPG SDSVSTWDGS VRTPGGRVKE GGLKGQKGEP GVPGPPGRAG PPGSPCLPGP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 PGLPCPVSPL GPAGPALQTV PGPQGPPGPP GRDGTPGRDG EPGDPGEDGK PGDTGPQGFP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 GTPGDVGPKG DKGDPGVGER GPPGPQGPPG PPGPSFRHDK LTFIDMEGSG FGGDLEALRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910        920        930        940        950        960 
               
               
                 PRGFPGPPGP PGVPGLPGEP GRFGVNSSDV PGPAGLPGVP GREGPPGFPG LPGPPGPPGR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
               
               
                 EGPPGRTGQK GSLGEAGAPG HKGSKGAPGP AGARGESGLA GAPGPAGPPG PPGPPGPPGP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
               
               
                 GLPAGFDDME GSGGPFWSTA RSADGPQGPP GLPGLKGDPG VPGLPGAKGE VGADGVPGFP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
               
               
                 GLPGREGIAG PQGPKGDRGS RGEKGDPGKD GVGQPGLPGP PGPPGPVVYV SEQDGSVLSV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1150       1160       1170       1180       1190       1200 
               
               
                 PGPEGRPGFA GFPGPAGPKG NLGSKGERGS PGPKGEKGEP GSIFSPDGGA LGPAQKGAKG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1210       1220       1230       1240       1250       1260 
               
               
                 EPGFRGPPGP YGRPGYKGEI GFPGRPGRPG MNGLKGEKGE PGDASLGFGM RGMPGPPGPP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1270       1280       1290       1300       1310       1320 
               
               
                 GPPGPPGTPV YDSNVFAESS RPGPPGLPGN QGPPGPKGAK GEVGPPGPPG QFPFDFLQLE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1330       1340       1350       1360       1370       1380 
               
               
                 AEMKGEKGDR GDAGQKGERG EPGGGGFFGS SLPGPPGPPG PPGPRGYPGI PGPKGESIRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1390       1400       1410       1420       1430       1440 
               
               
                 QPGPPGPQGP PGIGYEGRQG PPGPPGPPGP PSFPGPHRQT ISVPGPPGPP GPPGPPGTMG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1450       1460       1470       1480       1490       1500 
               
               
                 ASSGVRLWAT RQAMLGQVHE VPEGWLIFVA EQEELYVRVQ NGFRKVQLEA RTPLPRGTDN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1510       1520       1530       1540       1550       1560 
               
               
                 EVAALQPPVV QLHDSNPYPR REHPHPTARP WRADDILASP PRLPEPQPYP GAPHHSSYVH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1570       1580       1590       1600       1610       1620 
               
               
                 LRPARPTSPP AHSHRDFQPV LHLVALNSPL SGGMRGIRGA DFQCFQQARA VGLAGTFRAF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1630       1640       1650       1660       1670       1680 
               
               
                 LSSRLQDLYS IVRRADRAAV PIVNLKDELL FPSWEALFSG SEGPLKPGAR IFSFDGKDVL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1690       1700       1710       1720       1730       1740 
               
               
                 RHPTWPQKSV WHGSDPNGRR LTESYCETWR TEAPSATGQA SSLLGGRLLG QSAASCHHAY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1750 
               
               
                 IVLCIENSFM TASK 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain. Preferred assays detect Endostatin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                  1-23 
                 23 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   24-1754 
                 1731 
                 Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1572-1754 
                 183 
                 Endostatin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 216-450 
                   
                 Missing in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1-415 
                   
                 Missing in isoform 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 416-450 
                   
                 QDACWSRLGGGRLPVACASLPTQEDGYCVLIGP 
               
               
                   
                   
                 AA (SEQ ID NO: 14) → 
               
               
                   
                   
                 MAPRCPWPWPRRRRLLDVLAPLVLLLGVRAASA 
               
               
                   
                   
                 EP (SEQID NO: 15) in isoform 3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “relating a signal to the presence or amount” of an analyte reflects the following understanding. Assay signals are typically related to the presence or amount of an analyte through the use of a standard curve calculated using known concentrations of the analyte of interest. As the term is used herein, an assay is “configured to detect” an analyte if an assay can generate a detectable signal indicative of the presence or amount of a physiologically relevant concentration of the analyte. Because an antibody epitope is on the order of 8 amino acids, an immunoassay configured to detect a marker of interest will also detect polypeptides related to the marker sequence, so long as those polypeptides contain the epitope(s) necessary to bind to the antibody or antibodies used in the assay. The term “related marker” as used herein with regard to a biomarker such as one of the kidney injury markers described herein refers to one or more fragments, variants, etc., of a particular marker or its biosynthetic parent that may be detected as a surrogate for the marker itself or as independent biomarkers. The term also refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the biomarker precursor complexed to additional species, such as binding proteins, receptors, heparin, lipids, sugars, etc. 
     In this regard, the skilled artisan will understand that the signals obtained from an immunoassay are a direct result of complexes formed between one or more antibodies and the target biomolecule (i.e., the analyte) and polypeptides containing the necessary epitope(s) to which the antibodies bind. While such assays may detect the full length biomarker and the assay result be expressed as a concentration of a biomarker of interest, the signal from the assay is actually a result of all such “immunoreactive” polypeptides present in the sample. Expression of biomarkers may also be determined by means other than immunoassays, including protein measurements (such as dot blots, western blots, chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry, etc.) and nucleic acid measurements (mRNA quatitation). This list is not meant to be limiting. 
     The term “positive going” marker as that term is used herein refer to a marker that is determined to be elevated in subjects suffering from a disease or condition, relative to subjects not suffering from that disease or condition. The term “negative going” marker as that term is used herein refer to a marker that is determined to be reduced in subjects suffering from a disease or condition, relative to subjects not suffering from that disease or condition. 
     The term “subject” as used herein refers to a human or non-human organism. Thus, the methods and compositions described herein are applicable to both human and veterinary disease. Further, while a subject is preferably a living organism, the invention described herein may be used in post-mortem analysis as well. Preferred subjects are humans, and most preferably “patients,” which as used herein refers to living humans that are receiving medical care for a disease or condition. This includes persons with no defined illness who are being investigated for signs of pathology. 
     Preferably, an analyte is measured in a sample. Such a sample may be obtained from a subject, or may be obtained from biological materials intended to be provided to the subject. For example, a sample may be obtained from a kidney being evaluated for possible transplantation into a subject, and an analyte measurement used to evaluate the kidney for preexisting damage. Preferred samples are body fluid samples. 
     The term “body fluid sample” as used herein refers to a sample of bodily fluid obtained for the purpose of diagnosis, prognosis, classification or evaluation of a subject of interest, such as a patient or transplant donor. In certain embodiments, such a sample may be obtained for the purpose of determining the outcome of an ongoing condition or the effect of a treatment regimen on a condition. Preferred body fluid samples include blood, serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, saliva, sputum, and pleural effusions. In addition, one of skill in the art would realize that certain body fluid samples would be more readily analyzed following a fractionation or purification procedure, for example, separation of whole blood into serum or plasma components. 
     The term “diagnosis” as used herein refers to methods by which the skilled artisan can estimate and/or determine the probability (“a likelihood”) of whether or not a patient is suffering from a given disease or condition. In the case of the present invention, “diagnosis” includes using the results of an assay, most preferably an immunoassay, for a kidney injury marker of the present invention, optionally together with other clinical characteristics, to arrive at a diagnosis (that is, the occurrence or nonoccurrence) of an acute renal injury or ARF for the subject from which a sample was obtained and assayed. That such a diagnosis is “determined” is not meant to imply that the diagnosis is 100% accurate. Many biomarkers are indicative of multiple conditions. The skilled clinician does not use biomarker results in an informational vacuum, but rather test results are used together with other clinical indicia to arrive at a diagnosis. Thus, a measured biomarker level on one side of a predetermined diagnostic threshold indicates a greater likelihood of the occurrence of disease in the subject relative to a measured level on the other side of the predetermined diagnostic threshold. 
     Similarly, a prognostic risk signals a probability (“a likelihood”) that a given course or outcome will occur. A level or a change in level of a prognostic indicator, which in turn is associated with an increased probability of morbidity (e.g., worsening renal function, future ARF, or death) is referred to as being “indicative of an increased likelihood” of an adverse outcome in a patient. 
     Marker Assays 
     In general, immunoassays involve contacting a sample containing or suspected of containing a biomarker of interest with at least one antibody that specifically binds to the biomarker. A signal is then generated indicative of the presence or amount of complexes formed by the binding of polypeptides in the sample to the antibody. The signal is then related to the presence or amount of the biomarker in the sample. Numerous methods and devices are well known to the skilled artisan for the detection and analysis of biomarkers. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,143,576; 6,113,855; 6,019,944; 5,985,579; 5,947,124; 5,939,272; 5,922,615; 5,885,527; 5,851,776; 5,824,799; 5,679,526; 5,525,524; and 5,480,792, and  The Immunoassay Handbook , David Wild, ed. Stockton Press, New York, 1994, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including all tables, figures and claims. 
     The assay devices and methods known in the art can utilize labeled molecules in various sandwich, competitive, or non-competitive assay formats, to generate a signal that is related to the presence or amount of the biomarker of interest. Suitable assay formats also include chromatographic, mass spectrographic, and protein “blotting” methods. Additionally, certain methods and devices, such as biosensors and optical immunoassays, may be employed to determine the presence or amount of analytes without the need for a labeled molecule. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,631,171; and 5,955,377, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including all tables, figures and claims. One skilled in the art also recognizes that robotic instrumentation including but not limited to Beckman ACCESS®, Abbott AXSYM®, Roche ELECSYS®, Dade Behring STRATUS® systems are among the immunoassay analyzers that are capable of performing immunoassays. But any suitable immunoassay may be utilized, for example, enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA), radioimmunoassays (RIAs), competitive binding assays, and the like. 
     Antibodies or other polypeptides may be immobilized onto a variety of solid supports for use in assays. Solid phases that may be used to immobilize specific binding members include include those developed and/or used as solid phases in solid phase binding assays. Examples of suitable solid phases include membrane filters, cellulose-based papers, beads (including polymeric, latex and paramagnetic particles), glass, silicon wafers, microparticles, nanoparticles, TentaGels™ resisn (Rapp Plymere GmbH), AgroGels™ resin (I.L.S.A. Industria Lavorazione Sottoprodotti Animali S.P.A.), polyethylene glycol and acrylamide (PEGA) gels, SPOCC gels, and multiple-well plates. An assay strip could be prepared by coating the antibody or a plurality of antibodies in an array on solid support. This strip could then be dipped into the test sample and then processed quickly through washes and detection steps to generate a measurable signal, such as a colored spot. Antibodies or other polypeptides may be bound to specific zones of assay devices either by conjugating directly to an assay device surface, or by indirect binding. In an example of the later case, antibodies or other polypeptides may be immobilized on particles or other solid supports, and that solid support immobilized to the device surface. 
     Biological assays require methods for detection, and one of the most common methods for quantitation of results is to conjugate a detectable label to a protein or nucleic acid that has affinity for one of the components in the biological system being studied. Detectable labels may include molecules that are themselves detectable (e.g., fluorescent moieties, electrochemical labels, metal chelates, etc.) as well as molecules that may be indirectly detected by production of a detectable reaction product (e.g., enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, etc.) or by a specific binding molecule which itself may be detectable (e.g., biotin, digoxigenin, maltose, oligohistidine, 2,4-dintrobenzene, phenylarsenate, ssDNA, dsDNA, etc.). 
     Preparation of solid phases and detectable label conjugates often comprise the use of chemical cross-linkers. Cross-linking reagents contain at least two reactive groups, and are divided generally into homofunctional cross-linkers (containing identical reactive groups) and heterofunctional cross-linkers (containing non-identical reactive groups). Homobifunctional cross-linkers that couple through amines, sulfhydryls or react non-specifically are available from many commercial sources. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, alpha-haloacyls and pyridyl disulfides are thiol reactive groups. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, and alpha-haloacyls react with sulfhydryls to form thiol ether bonds, while pyridyl disulfides react with sulfhydryls to produce mixed disulfides. The pyridyl disulfide product is cleavable. Imidoesters are also very useful for protein-protein cross-links. A variety of heterobifunctional cross-linkers, each combining different attributes for successful conjugation, are commercially available. 
     In certain aspects, the present invention provides kits for the analysis of the described kidney injury markers. The kit comprises reagents for the analysis of at least one test sample which comprise at least one antibody that a kidney injury marker. The kit can also include devices and instructions for performing one or more of the diagnostic and/or prognostic correlations described herein. Preferred kits will comprise an antibody pair for performing a sandwich assay, or a labeled species for performing a competitive assay, for the analyte. Preferably, an antibody pair comprises a first antibody conjugated to a solid phase and a second antibody conjugated to a detectable label, wherein each of the first and second antibodies that bind a kidney injury marker. Most preferably each of the antibodies are monoclonal antibodies. The instructions for use of the kit and performing the correlations can be in the form of labeling, which refers to any written or recorded material that is attached to, or otherwise accompanies a kit at any time during its manufacture, transport, sale or use. For example, the term labeling encompasses advertising leaflets and brochures, packaging materials, instructions, audio or video cassettes, computer discs, as well as writing imprinted directly on kits. 
     Antibodies 
     The term “antibody” as used herein refers to a peptide or polypeptide derived from, modeled after or substantially encoded by an immunoglobulin gene or immunoglobulin genes, or fragments thereof, capable of specifically binding an antigen or epitope. See, e.g. Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Edition, W. E. Paul, ed., Raven Press, N.Y. (1993); Wilson (1994; J. Immunol. Methods 175:267-273; Yarmush (1992) J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 25:85-97. The term antibody includes antigen-binding portions, i.e., “antigen binding sites,” (e.g., fragments, subsequences, complementarity determining regions (CDRs)) that retain capacity to bind antigen, including (i) a Fab fragment, a monovalent fragment consisting of the VL, VH, CL and CH1 domains; (ii) a F(ab′)2 fragment, a bivalent fragment comprising two Fab fragments linked by a disulfide bridge at the hinge region; (iii) a Fd fragment consisting of the VH and CH1 domains; (iv) a Fv fragment consisting of the VL and VH domains of a single arm of an antibody, (v) a dAb fragment (Ward et al., (1989) Nature 341:544-546), which consists of a VH domain; and (vi) an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR). Single chain antibodies are also included by reference in the term “antibody.” 
     Antibodies used in the immunoassays described herein preferably specifically bind to a kidney injury marker of the present invention. The term “specifically binds” is not intended to indicate that an antibody binds exclusively to its intended target since, as noted above, an antibody binds to any polypeptide displaying the epitope(s) to which the antibody binds. Rather, an antibody “specifically binds” if its affinity for its intended target is about 5-fold greater when compared to its affinity for a non-target molecule which does not display the appropriate epitope(s). Preferably the affinity of the antibody will be at least about 5 fold, preferably 10 fold, more preferably 25-fold, even more preferably 50-fold, and most preferably 100-fold or more, greater for a target molecule than its affinity for a non-target molecule. In preferred embodiments, Preferred antibodies bind with affinities of at least about 10 7  M −1 , and preferably between about 10 8  M −1  to about 10 9  M −1 , about 10 9  M −1  to about 10 10  M −1 , or about 10 10  M −1  to about 10 12  M −1 . 
     Affinity is calculated as K d =k off /k on  (k off  is the dissociation rate constant, K on  is the association rate constant and K d  is the equilibrium constant). Affinity can be determined at equilibrium by measuring the fraction bound (r) of labeled ligand at various concentrations (c). The data are graphed using the Scatchard equation: r/c=K(n−r): where r=moles of bound ligand/mole of receptor at equilibrium; c=free ligand concentration at equilibrium; K=equilibrium association constant; and n=number of ligand binding sites per receptor molecule. By graphical analysis, r/c is plotted on the Y-axis versus r on the X-axis, thus producing a Scatchard plot. Antibody affinity measurement by Scatchard analysis is well known in the art. See, e.g., van Erp et al.,  J. Immunoassay  12: 425-43, 1991; Nelson and Griswold,  Comput. Methods Programs Biomed.  27: 65-8, 1988. 
     The term “epitope” refers to an antigenic determinant capable of specific binding to an antibody. Epitopes usually consist of chemically active surface groupings of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains and usually have specific three dimensional structural characteristics, as well as specific charge characteristics. Conformational and nonconformational epitopes are distinguished in that the binding to the former but not the latter is lost in the presence of denaturing solvents. 
     Numerous publications discuss the use of phage display technology to produce and screen libraries of polypeptides for binding to a selected analyte. See, e.g, Cwirla et al.,  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA  87, 6378-82, 1990; Devlin et al.,  Science  249, 404-6, 1990, Scott and Smith,  Science  249, 386-88, 1990; and Ladner et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,571,698. A basic concept of phage display methods is the establishment of a physical association between DNA encoding a polypeptide to be screened and the polypeptide. This physical association is provided by the phage particle, which displays a polypeptide as part of a capsid enclosing the phage genome which encodes the polypeptide. The establishment of a physical association between polypeptides and their genetic material allows simultaneous mass screening of very large numbers of phage bearing different polypeptides. Phage displaying a polypeptide with affinity to a target bind to the target and these phage are enriched by affinity screening to the target. The identity of polypeptides displayed from these phage can be determined from their respective genomes. Using these methods a polypeptide identified as having a binding affinity for a desired target can then be synthesized in bulk by conventional means. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,098, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety, including all tables, figures, and claims. 
     The antibodies that are generated by these methods may then be selected by first screening for affinity and specificity with the purified polypeptide of interest and, if required, comparing the results to the affinity and specificity of the antibodies with polypeptides that are desired to be excluded from binding. The screening procedure can involve immobilization of the purified polypeptides in separate wells of microtiter plates. The solution containing a potential antibody or groups of antibodies is then placed into the respective microtiter wells and incubated for about 30 min to 2 h. The microtiter wells are then washed and a labeled secondary antibody (for example, an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase if the raised antibodies are mouse antibodies) is added to the wells and incubated for about 30 min and then washed. Substrate is added to the wells and a color reaction will appear where antibody to the immobilized polypeptide(s) are present. 
     The antibodies so identified may then be further analyzed for affinity and specificity in the assay design selected. In the development of immunoassays for a target protein, the purified target protein acts as a standard with which to judge the sensitivity and specificity of the immunoassay using the antibodies that have been selected. Because the binding affinity of various antibodies may differ; certain antibody pairs (e.g., in sandwich assays) may interfere with one another sterically, etc., assay performance of an antibody may be a more important measure than absolute affinity and specificity of an antibody. 
     While the present application describes antibody-based binding assays in detail, alternatives to antibodies as binding species in assays are well known in the art. These include receptors for a particular target, aptamers, etc. Aptamers are oligonucleic acid or peptide molecules that bind to a specific target molecule. Aptamers are usually created by selecting them from a large random sequence pool, but natural aptamers also exist. High-affinity aptamers containing modified nucleotides conferring improved characteristics on the ligand, such as improved in vivo stability or improved delivery characteristics. Examples of such modifications include chemical substitutions at the ribose and/or phosphate and/or base positions, and may include amino acid side chain functionalities. 
     Assay Correlations 
     The term “correlating” as used herein in reference to the use of biomarkers refers to comparing the presence or amount of the biomarker(s) in a patient to its presence or amount in persons known to suffer from, or known to be at risk of, a given condition; or in persons known to be free of a given condition. Often, this takes the form of comparing an assay result in the form of a biomarker concentration to a predetermined threshold selected to be indicative of the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a disease or the likelihood of some future outcome. 
     Selecting a diagnostic threshold involves, among other things, consideration of the probability of disease, distribution of true and false diagnoses at different test thresholds, and estimates of the consequences of treatment (or a failure to treat) based on the diagnosis. For example, when considering administering a specific therapy which is highly efficacious and has a low level of risk, few tests are needed because clinicians can accept substantial diagnostic uncertainty. On the other hand, in situations where treatment options are less effective and more risky, clinicians often need a higher degree of diagnostic certainty. Thus, cost/benefit analysis is involved in selecting a diagnostic threshold. 
     Suitable thresholds may be determined in a variety of ways. For example, one recommended diagnostic threshold for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction using cardiac troponin is the 97.5th percentile of the concentration seen in a normal population. Another method may be to look at serial samples from the same patient, where a prior “baseline” result is used to monitor for temporal changes in a biomarker level. 
     Population studies may also be used to select a decision threshold. Reciever Operating Characteristic (“ROC”) arose from the field of signal dectection therory developed during World War II for the analysis of radar images, and ROC analysis is often used to select a threshold able to best distinguish a “diseased” subpopulation from a “nondiseased” subpopulation. A false positive in this case occurs when the person tests positive, but actually does not have the disease. A false negative, on the other hand, occurs when the person tests negative, suggesting they are healthy, when they actually do have the disease. To draw a ROC curve, the true positive rate (TPR) and false positive rate (FPR) are determined as the decision threshold is varied continuously. Since TPR is equivalent with sensitivity and FPR is equal to 1−specificity, the ROC graph is sometimes called the sensitivity vs (1−specificity) plot. A perfect test will have an area under the ROC curve of 1.0; a random test will have an area of 0.5. A threshold is selected to provide an acceptable level of specificity and sensitivity. 
     In this context, “diseased” is meant to refer to a population having one characteristic (the presence of a disease or condition or the occurrence of some outcome) and “nondiseased” is meant to refer to a population lacking the characteristic. While a single decision threshold is the simplest application of such a method, multiple decision thresholds may be used. For example, below a first threshold, the absence of disease may be assigned with relatively high confidence, and above a second threshold the presence of disease may also be assigned with relatively high confidence. Between the two thresholds may be considered indeterminate. This is meant to be exemplary in nature only. 
     In addition to threshold comparisons, other methods for correlating assay results to a patient classification (occurrence or nonoccurrence of disease, likelihood of an outcome, etc.) include decision trees, rule sets, Bayesian methods, and neural network methods. These methods can produce probability values representing the degree to which a subject belongs to one classification out of a plurality of classifications. 
     Measures of test accuracy may be obtained as described in Fischer et al.,  Intensive Care Med.  29: 1043-51, 2003, and used to determine the effectiveness of a given biomarker. These measures include sensitivity and specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and ROC curve areas. The area under the curve (“AUC”) of a ROC plot is equal to the probability that a classifier will rank a randomly chosen positive instance higher than a randomly chosen negative one. The area under the ROC curve may be thought of as equivalent to the Mann-Whitney U test, which tests for the median difference between scores obtained in the two groups considered if the groups are of continuous data, or to the Wilcoxon test of ranks. 
     As discussed above, suitable tests may exhibit one or more of the following results on these various measures: a specificity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9 and most preferably at least 0.95, with a corresponding sensitivity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than 0.3, more preferably greater than 0.4, still more preferably at least 0.5, even more preferably 0.6, yet more preferably greater than 0.7, still more preferably greater than 0.8, more preferably greater than 0.9, and most preferably greater than 0.95; a sensitivity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9 and most preferably at least 0.95, with a corresponding specificity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than 0.3, more preferably greater than 0.4, still more preferably at least 0.5, even more preferably 0.6, yet more preferably greater than 0.7, still more preferably greater than 0.8, more preferably greater than 0.9, and most preferably greater than 0.95; at least 75% sensitivity, combined with at least 75% specificity; a ROC curve area of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9, and most preferably at least 0.95; an odds ratio different from 1, preferably at least about 2 or more or about 0.5 or less, more preferably at least about 3 or more or about 0.33 or less, still more preferably at least about 4 or more or about 0.25 or less, even more preferably at least about 5 or more or about 0.2 or less, and most preferably at least about 10 or more or about 0.1 or less; a positive likelihood ratio (calculated as sensitivity/(1−specificity)) of greater than 1, at least 2, more preferably at least 3, still more preferably at least 5, and most preferably at least 10; and or a negative likelihood ratio (calculated as (1−sensitivity)/specificity) of less than 1, less than or equal to 0.5, more preferably less than or equal to 0.3, and most preferably less than or equal to 0.1 
     Additional clinical indicia may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention. These include other biomarkers related to renal status. Examples include the following, which recite the common biomarker name, followed by the Swiss-Prot entry number for that biomarker or its parent: Actin (P68133); Adenosine deaminase binding protein (DPP4, P27487); Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (P02763); Alpha-1-microglobulin (P02760); Albumin (P02768); Angiotensinogenase (Renin, P00797); Annexin A2 (P07355); Beta-glucuronidase (P08236); B-2-microglobulin (P61679); Beta-galactosidase (P16278); BMP-7 (P18075); Brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP, BNP-32, NTproBNP; P16860); Calcium-binding protein Beta (S100-beta, P04271); Carbonic anhydrase (Q16790); Casein Kinase 2 (P68400); Ceruloplasmin (P00450); Clusterin (P10909); Complement C3 (P01024); Cysteine-rich protein (CYR61, 000622); Cytochrome C (P99999); Epidermal growth factor (EGF, P01133); Endothelin-1 (P05305); Exosomal Fetuin-A (P02765); Fatty acid-binding protein, heart (FABP3, P05413); Fatty acid-binding protein, liver (P07148); Ferritin (light chain, P02793; heavy chain P02794); Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (P09467); GRO-alpha (CXCL1, (P09341); Growth Hormone (P01241); Hepatocyte growth factor (P14210); Insulin-like growth factor I (P01343); Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin Light Chains (Kappa and Lambda); Interferon gamma (P01308); Lysozyme (P61626); Interleukin-lalpha (P01583); Interleukin-2 (P60568); Interleukin-4 (P60568); Interleukin-9 (P15248); Interleukin-12p40 (P29460); Interleukin-13 (P35225); Interleukin-16 (Q14005); L1 cell adhesion molecule (P32004); Lactate dehydrogenase (P00338); Leucine Aminopeptidase (P28838); Meprin A-alpha subunit (Q16819); Meprin A-beta subunit (Q16820); Midkine (P21741); MIP2-alpha (CXCL2, P19875); MMP-2 (P08253); MMP-9 (P14780); Netrin-1 (095631); Neutral endopeptidase (P08473); Osteopontin (P10451); Renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA1); Renal papillary antigen 2 (RPA2); Retinol binding protein (P09455); Ribonuclease; S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (P06703); Serum Amyloid P Component (P02743); Sodium/Hydrogen exchanger isoform (NHE3, P48764); Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (P21673); TGF-Betal (P01137); Transferrin (P02787); Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3, Q07654); Toll-Like protein 4 (000206); Total protein; Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen (Q9UJW2); Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein, P07911). 
     For purposes of risk stratification, Adiponectin (Q15848); Alkaline phosphatase (P05186); Aminopeptidase N (P15144); CalbindinD28k (P05937); Cystatin C (P01034); 8 subunit of FIFO ATPase (P03928); Gamma-glutamyltransferase (P19440); GSTa (alpha-glutathione-S-transferase, P08263); GSTpi (Glutathione-S-transferase P; GST class-pi; P09211); IGFBP-1 (P08833); IGFBP-2 (P18065); IGFBP-6 (P24592); Integral membrane protein 1 (Itm1, P46977); Interleukin-6 (P05231); Interleukin-8 (P10145); Interleukin-18 (Q14116); IP-10 (10 kDa interferon-gamma-induced protein, P02778); IRPR (IFRD1, 000458); Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD, P26440); I-TAC/CXCL11 (014625); Keratin 19 (P08727); Kim-1 (Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1, 043656); L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (P50440); Leptin (P41159); Lipocalin2 (NGAL, P80188); MCP-1 (P13500); MIG (Gamma-interferon-induced monokine Q07325); MIP-1a (P10147); MIP-3a (P78556); MIP-1beta (P13236); MIP-1d (Q16663); NAG (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, P54802); Organic ion transporter (OCT2, 015244); Osteoprotegerin (014788); P8 protein (060356); Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1, P05121); ProANP(1-98) (P01160); Protein phosphatase 1-beta (PPI-beta, P62140); Rab GDI-beta (P50395); Renal kallikrein (Q86U61); RT1.B-1 (alpha) chain of the integral membrane protein (Q5Y7A8); Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (sTNFR-I, P19438); Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B (sTNFR-II, P20333); Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3, P35625); uPAR (Q03405) may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention. 
     Other clinical indicia which may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention includes demographic information (e.g., weight, sex, age, race), medical history (e.g., family history, type of surgery, pre-existing disease such as aneurism, congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, or sepsis, type of toxin exposure such as NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin), clinical variables (e.g., blood pressure, temperature, respiration rate), risk scores (APACHE score, PREDICT score, TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI, Framingham Risk Score), a urine total protein measurement, a glomerular filtration rate, an estimated glomerular filtration rate, a urine production rate, a serum or plasma creatinine concentration, a renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA1) measurement; a renal papillary antigen 2 (RPA2) measurement; a urine creatinine concentration, a fractional excretion of sodium, a urine sodium concentration, a urine creatinine to serum or plasma creatinine ratio, a urine specific gravity, a urine osmolality, a urine urea nitrogen to plasma urea nitrogen ratio, a plasma BUN to creatnine ratio, and/or a renal failure index calculated as urine sodium/(urine creatinine/plasma creatinine). Other measures of renal function which may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) are described hereinafter and in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 1741-1830, and Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, N.Y., pages 785-815, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     Combining assay results/clinical indicia in this manner can comprise the use of multivariate logistical regression, loglinear modeling, neural network analysis, n-of-m analysis, decision tree analysis, etc. This list is not meant to be limiting. 
     Diagnosis of Acute Renal Failure 
     As noted above, the terms “acute renal (or kidney) injury” and “acute renal (or kidney) failure” as used herein are defined in part in terms of changes in serum creatinine from a baseline value. Most definitions of ARF have common elements, including the use of serum creatinine and, often, urine output. Patients may present with renal dysfunction without an available baseline measure of renal function for use in this comparison. In such an event, one may estimate a baseline serum creatinine value by assuming the patient initially had a normal GFR. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman&#39;s capsule per unit time. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be calculated by measuring any chemical that has a steady level in the blood, and is freely filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the kidneys. GFR is typically expressed in units of ml/min: 
     
       
         
           
             
               G 
                
               
                   
               
                
               F 
                
               
                   
               
                
               R 
             
             = 
             
               
                 Urine 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Concentration 
                 × 
                 Urine 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Flow 
               
               
                 Plasma 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Concentration 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     By normalizing the GFR to the body surface area, a GFR of approximately 75-100 ml/min per 1.73 m 2  can be assumed. The rate therefore measured is the quantity of the substance in the urine that originated from a calculable volume of blood. 
     There are several different techniques used to calculate or estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR or eGFR). In clinical practice, however, creatinine clearance is used to measure GFR. Creatinine is produced naturally by the body (creatinine is a metabolite of creatine, which is found in muscle). It is freely filtered by the glomerulus, but also actively secreted by the renal tubules in very small amounts such that creatinine clearance overestimates actual GFR by 10-20%. This margin of error is acceptable considering the ease with which creatinine clearance is measured. 
     Creatinine clearance (CCr) can be calculated if values for creatinine&#39;s urine concentration (U Cr ), urine flow rate (V), and creatinine&#39;s plasma concentration (P Cr ) are known. Since the product of urine concentration and urine flow rate yields creatinine&#39;s excretion rate, creatinine clearance is also said to be its excretion rate (U Cr ×V) divided by its plasma concentration. This is commonly represented mathematically as: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               Cr 
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   U 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 V 
               
               
                 P 
                 Cr 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     Commonly a 24 hour urine collection is undertaken, from empty-bladder one morning to the contents of the bladder the following morning, with a comparative blood test then taken: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               Cr 
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   U 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 24 
                  
                 
                   - 
                 
                  
                 hour 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 volume 
               
               
                 
                   P 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 24 
                 × 
                 60 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 mins 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     To allow comparison of results between people of different sizes, the CCr is often corrected for the body surface area (BSA) and expressed compared to the average sized man as ml/min/1.73 m2. While most adults have a BSA that approaches 1.7 (1.6-1.9), extremely obese or slim patients should have their CCr corrected for their actual BSA: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               
                 Cr 
                  
                 
                   - 
                 
                  
                 corrected 
               
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   C 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 1.73 
               
               BSA 
             
           
         
       
     
     The accuracy of a creatinine clearance measurement (even when collection is complete) is limited because as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls creatinine secretion is increased, and thus the rise in serum creatinine is less. Thus, creatinine excretion is much greater than the filtered load, resulting in a potentially large overestimation of the GFR (as much as a twofold difference). However, for clinical purposes it is important to determine whether renal function is stable or getting worse or better. This is often determined by monitoring serum creatinine alone. Like creatinine clearance, the serum creatinine will not be an accurate reflection of GFR in the non-steady-state condition of ARF. Nonetheless, the degree to which serum creatinine changes from baseline will reflect the change in GFR. Serum creatinine is readily and easily measured and it is specific for renal function. 
     For purposes of determining urine output on a Urine output on a mL/kg/hr basis, hourly urine collection and measurement is adequate. In the case where, for example, only a cumulative 24-h output was available and no patient weights are provided, minor modifications of the RIFLE urine output criteria have been described. For example, Bagshaw et al.,  Nephrol. Dial. Transplant.  23: 1203-1210, 2008, assumes an average patient weight of 70 kg, and patients are assigned a RIFLE classification based on the following: &lt;35 mL/h (Risk), &lt;21 mL/h (Injury) or &lt;4 mL/h (Failure). 
     Selecting a Treatment Regimen 
     Once a diagnosis is obtained, the clinician can readily select a treatment regimen that is compatible with the diagnosis, such as initiating renal replacement therapy, withdrawing delivery of compounds that are known to be damaging to the kidney, kidney transplantation, delaying or avoiding procedures that are known to be damaging to the kidney, modifying diuretic administration, initiating goal directed therapy, etc. The skilled artisan is aware of appropriate treatments for numerous diseases discussed in relation to the methods of diagnosis described herein. See, e.g., Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 17th Ed. Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, N J, 1999. In addition, since the methods and compositions described herein provide prognostic information, the markers of the present invention may be used to monitor a course of treatment. For example, improved or worsened prognostic state may indicate that a particular treatment is or is not efficacious. 
     One skilled in the art readily appreciates that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain the ends and advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. The examples provided herein are representative of preferred embodiments, are exemplary, and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention. 
     Example 1: Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Sample Collection 
     The objective of this sample collection study is to collect samples of plasma and urine and clinical data from patients before and after receiving intravascular contrast media. Approximately 250 adults undergoing radiographic/angiographic procedures involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast media are enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
undergoing a radiographic/angiographic procedure (such as a CT scan or coronary intervention) involving the intravascular administration of contrast media;
 
expected to be hospitalized for at least 48 hours after contrast administration.
 
able and willing to provide written informed consent for study participation and to comply with all study procedures.
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     renal transplant recipients;
 
acutely worsening renal function prior to the contrast procedure;
 
already receiving dialysis (either acute or chronic) or in imminent need of dialysis at enrollment;
 
expected to undergo a major surgical procedure (such as involving cardiopulmonary bypass) or an additional imaging procedure with contrast media with significant risk for further renal insult within the 48 hrs following contrast administration;
 
participation in an interventional clinical study with an experimental therapy within the previous 30 days;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus.
 
     Immediately prior to the first contrast administration (and after any pre-procedure hydration), an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL) and a urine sample (10 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 4 (±0.5), 8 (±1), 24 (±2) 48 (±2), and 72 (±2) hrs following the last administration of contrast media during the index contrast procedure. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are processed to plasma at the clinical site, frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Serum creatinine is assessed at the site immediately prior to the first contrast administration (after any pre-procedure hydration) and at 4 (±0.5), 8 (±1), 24 (±2) and 48 (±2)), and 72 (±2) hours following the last administration of contrast (ideally at the same time as the study samples are obtained). In addition, each patient&#39;s status is evaluated through day 30 with regard to additional serum and urine creatinine measurements, a need for dialysis, hospitalization status, and adverse clinical outcomes (including mortality). 
     Prior to contrast administration, each patient is assigned a risk based on the following assessment: systolic blood pressure &lt;80 mm Hg=5 points; intra-arterial balloon pump=5 points; congestive heart failure (Class III-IV or history of pulmonary edema)=5 points; age &gt;75 yrs=4 points; hematocrit level &lt;39% for men, &lt;35% for women=3 points; diabetes=3 points; contrast media volume=1 point for each 100 mL; serum creatinine level &gt;1.5 g/dL=4 points OR estimated GFR 40-60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =2 points, 20-40 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =4 points, &lt;20 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =6 points. The risks assigned are as follows: risk for CIN and dialysis: 5 or less total points=risk of CIN—7.5%, risk of dialysis—0.04%; 6-10 total points=risk of CIN—14%, risk of dialysis—0.12%; 11-16 total points=risk of CIN—26.1%, risk of dialysis—1.09%; &gt;16 total points=risk of CIN—57.3%, risk of dialysis—12.8%. 
     Example 2: Cardiac Surgery Sample Collection 
     The objective of this sample collection study is to collect samples of plasma and urine and clinical data from patients before and after undergoing cardiovascular surgery, a procedure known to be potentially damaging to kidney function. Approximately 900 adults undergoing such surgery are enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
undergoing cardiovascular surgery;
 
Toronto/Ottawa Predictive Risk Index for Renal Replacement risk score of at least 2 (Wijeysundera et al.,  JAMA  297: 1801-9, 2007); and
 
able and willing to provide written informed consent for study participation and to comply with all study procedures.
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     known pregnancy;
 
previous renal transplantation;
 
acutely worsening renal function prior to enrollment (e.g., any category of RIFLE criteria);
 
already receiving dialysis (either acute or chronic) or in imminent need of dialysis at enrollment;
 
currently enrolled in another clinical study or expected to be enrolled in another clinical study within 7 days of cardiac surgery that involves drug infusion or a therapeutic intervention for AKI;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus.
 
     Within 3 hours prior to the first incision (and after any pre-procedure hydration), an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL), whole blood (3 mL), and a urine sample (35 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 3 (±0.5), 6 (±0.5), 12 (±1), 24 (±2) and 48 (±2) hrs following the procedure and then daily on days 3 through 7 if the subject remains in the hospital. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Example 3: Acutely Ill Subject Sample Collection 
     The objective of this study is to collect samples from acutely ill patients. Approximately 1900 adults expected to be in the ICU for at least 48 hours will be enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
Study population 1: approximately 300 patients that have at least one of:
 
shock (SBP &lt;90 mmHg and/or need for vasopressor support to maintain MAP &gt;60 mmHg and/or documented drop in SBP of at least 40 mmHg); and
 
sepsis;
 
Study population 2: approximately 300 patients that have at least one of:
 
IV antibiotics ordered in computerized physician order entry (CPOE) within 24 hours of enrollment;
 
contrast media exposure within 24 hours of enrollment;
 
increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure with acute decompensated heart failure; and
 
severe trauma as the primary reason for ICU admission and likely to be hospitalized in the ICU for 48 hours after enrollment;
 
Study population 3: approximately 300 patients expected to be hospitalized through acute care setting (ICU or ED) with a known risk factor for acute renal injury (e.g. sepsis,
 
hypotension/shock (Shock=systolic BP&lt;90 mmHg and/or the need for vasopressor support to maintain a MAP &gt;60 mmHg and/or a documented drop in SBP &gt;40 mmHg), major trauma, hemorrhage, or major surgery); and/or expected to be hospitalized to the ICU for at least 24 hours after enrollment;
 
Study population 4: approximately 1000 patients that are 21 years of age or older, within 24 hours of being admitted into the ICU, expected to have an indwelling urinary catheter for at least 48 hours after enrollment, and have at least one of the following acute conditions within 24 hours prior to enrollment:
 
(i) respiratory SOFA score of ≥2 (PaO2/FiO2&lt;300), (ii) cardiovascular SOFA score of ≥1 (MAP &lt;70 mm Hg and/or any vasopressor required).
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     known pregnancy;
 
institutionalized individuals;
 
previous renal transplantation;
 
known acutely worsening renal function prior to enrollment (e.g., any category of RIFLE criteria);
 
received dialysis (either acute or chronic) within 5 days prior to enrollment or in imminent need of dialysis at the time of enrollment;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus;
 
meets any of the following:
 
(i) active bleeding with an anticipated need for &gt;4 units PRBC in a day;
 
(ii) hemoglobin &lt;7 g/dL;
 
(iii) any other condition that in the physician&#39;s opinion would contraindicate drawing serial blood samples for clinical study purposes;
 
meets only the SBP &lt;90 mmHg inclusion criterion set forth above, and does not have shock in the attending physician&#39;s or principal investigator&#39;s opinion;
 
     After obtaining informed consent, an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL) and a urine sample (25-50 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 4 (±0.5) and 8 (±1) hours after contrast administration (if applicable); at 12 (±1), 24 (±2), 36 (±2), 48 (±2), 60 (±2), 72 (±2), and 84 (±2) hours after enrollment, and thereafter daily up to day 7 to day 14 while the subject is hospitalized. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are processed to plasma at the clinical site, frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Example 4. Immunoassay Format 
     Analytes are measured using standard sandwich enzyme immunoassay techniques. A first antibody which binds the analyte is immobilized in wells of a 96 well polystyrene microplate. Analyte standards and test samples are pipetted into the appropriate wells and any analyte present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After washing away any unbound substances, a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated second antibody which binds the analyte is added to the wells, thereby forming sandwich complexes with the analyte (if present) and the first antibody. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution comprising tetramethylbenzidine and hydrogen peroxide is added to the wells. Color develops in proportion to the amount of analyte present in the sample. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured at 540 nm or 570 nm. An analyte concentration is assigned to the test sample by comparison to a standard curve determined from the analyte standards. 
     Units for the concentrations reported in the following data tables are as follows: Proheparin—binding EGF—like growth factor—pg/mL, Tenascin C—pg/mL, Angiopoietin—related protein 4—ng/mL, Fibroblast growth factor 19—ng/mL, Fibroblast growth factor 21—ng/mL, Heparin—binding growth factor 1—pg/mL, Angiopoietin—related protein 6—ng/mL, Proepiregulin—pg/mL, Probetacellulin—pg/mL, Amphiregulin—pg/mL, Angiogenin—pg/mL, Thrombospondin—2—μg/mL, and Collagen alpha—1(XVIII) chain (endostatin domain)—pg/mL. In the case of those kidney injury markers which are membrane proteins as described herein, the assays used in these examples detect soluble forms thereof. 
     Example 5. Apparently Healthy Donor and Chronic Disease Patient Samples 
     Human urine samples from donors with no known chronic or acute disease (“Apparently Healthy Donors”) were purchased from two vendors (Golden West Biologicals, Inc., 27625 Commerce Center Dr., Temecula, Calif. 92590 and Virginia Medical Research, Inc., 915 First Colonial Rd., Virginia Beach, Va. 23454). The urine samples were shipped and stored frozen at less than −20° C. The vendors supplied demographic information for the individual donors including gender, race (Black/White), smoking status and age. 
     Human urine samples from donors with various chronic diseases (“Chronic Disease Patients”) including congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were purchased from Virginia Medical Research, Inc., 915 First Colonial Rd., Virginia Beach, Va. 23454. The urine samples were shipped and stored frozen at less than −20 degrees centigrade. The vendor provided a case report form for each individual donor with age, gender, race (Black/White), smoking status and alcohol use, height, weight, chronic disease(s) diagnosis, current medications and previous surgeries. 
     Example 6. Use of Kidney Injury Markers for Evaluating Renal Status in Patients 
     Patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled in the following study. Each patient was classified by kidney status as non-injury (0), risk of injury (R), injury (I), and failure (F) according to the maximum stage reached within 7 days of enrollment as determined by the RIFLE criteria. EDTA anti-coagulated blood samples (10 mL) and a urine samples (25-30 mL) were collected from each patient at enrollment, 4 (±0.5) and 8 (±1) hours after contrast administration (if applicable); at 12 (±1), 24 (±2), and 48 (±2) hours after enrollment, and thereafter daily up to day 7 to day 14 while the subject is hospitalized. Markers were each measured by standard immunoassay methods using commercially available assay reagents in the urine samples and the plasma component of the blood samples collected. 
     Two cohorts were defined to represent a “diseased” and a “normal” population. While these terms are used for convenience, “diseased” and “normal” simply represent two cohorts for comparison (say RIFLE 0 vs RIFLE R, I and F; RIFLE 0 vs RIFLE R; RIFLE 0 and R vs RIFLE I and F; etc.). The time “prior max stage” represents the time at which a sample is collected, relative to the time a particular patient reaches the lowest disease stage as defined for that cohort, binned into three groups which are +/−12 hours. For example, “24 hr prior” which uses 0 vs R, I, F as the two cohorts would mean 24 hr (+/−12 hours) prior to reaching stage R (or I if no sample at R, or F if no sample at R or I). 
     A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for each biomarker measured and the area under each ROC curve (AUC) is determined. Patients in Cohort 2 were also separated according to the reason for adjudication to cohort 2 as being based on serum creatinine measurements (sCr), being based on urine output (UO), or being based on either serum creatinine measurements or urine output. Using the same example discussed above (0 vs R, I, F), for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements alone, the stage 0 cohort may include patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of urine output; for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of urine output alone, the stage 0 cohort may include patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements; and for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements or urine output, the stage 0 cohort contains only patients in stage 0 for both serum creatinine measurements and urine output. Also, in the data for patients adjudicated on the basis of serum creatinine measurements or urine output, the adjudication method which yielded the most severe RIFLE stage is used. 
     The ability to distinguish cohort 1 from Cohort 2 was determined using ROC analysis. SE is the standard error of the AUC, n is the number of sample or individual patients (“pts,” as indicated). Standard errors are calculated as described in Hanley, J. A., and McNeil, B. J., The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology (1982) 143: 29-36; p values are calculated with a two-tailed Z-test. An AUC &lt;0.5 is indicative of a negative going marker for the comparison, and an AUC &gt;0.5 is indicative of a positive going marker for the comparison. 
     Various threshold (or “cutoff”) concentrations were selected, and the associated sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing cohort 1 from cohort 2 are determined. OR is the odds ratio calculated for the particular cutoff concentration, and 95% CI is the confidence interval for the odds ratio. 
     FIG. 1: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and in urine samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage R, I or F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 4070 
                 8980 
                 4070 
                 7030 
                 4070 
                 5170 
               
               
                 Average 
                 7410 
                 12000 
                 7410 
                 9920 
                 7410 
                 7950 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 7830 
                 9230 
                 7830 
                 8050 
                 7830 
                 7320 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−10 
                   
                 0.0014 
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Min 
                 55.7 
                 132 
                 55.7 
                 97.6 
                 55.7 
                 650 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 24000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 430 
                 195 
                 430 
                 132 
                 430 
                 46 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 195 
                 203 
                 132 
                 203 
                 46 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 5850 
                 7630 
                 5850 
                 9740 
                 5850 
                 7540 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9700 
                 11300 
                 9700 
                 11000 
                 9700 
                 10100 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8780 
                 9140 
                 8780 
                 8280 
                 8780 
                 8050 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 677 
                 0.00873 
                 97.6 
                 0.00873 
                 426 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1121 
                 58 
                 1121 
                 51 
                 1121 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 58 
                 395 
                 51 
                 395 
                 36 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 4280 
                 11300 
                 4280 
                 6950 
                 4280 
                 4040 
               
               
                 Average 
                 8070 
                 12700 
                 8070 
                 9800 
                 8070 
                 8380 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8270 
                 9210 
                 8270 
                 7750 
                 8270 
                 7700 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 6.8E−10 
                   
                 0.033 
                   
                 0.81 
               
               
                 Min 
                 55.7 
                 132 
                 55.7 
                 311 
                 55.7 
                 650 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 22100 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 506 
                 182 
                 506 
                 129 
                 506 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 182 
                 215 
                 129 
                 215 
                 43 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.66 
                 0.57 
                 0.66 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
                 0.59 
                 0.55 
                 0.54 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.024 
                 0.040 
                 0.025 
                 0.029 
                 0.042 
                 0.029 
                 0.046 
                 0.050 
                 0.046 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.7E−10 
                 0.10 
                 3.1E−10 
                 2.5E−4 
                 0.25 
                 0.0013 
                 0.32 
                 0.39 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 195 
                 58 
                 182 
                 132 
                 51 
                 129 
                 46 
                 36 
                 43 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 4060 
                 4060 
                 4350 
                 3490 
                 4300 
                 3700 
                 2680 
                 4330 
                 2620 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 50% 
                 39% 
                 51% 
                 44% 
                 41% 
                 43% 
                 36% 
                 41% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2910 
                 3420 
                 3350 
                 2480 
                 2230 
                 2770 
                 2090 
                 2850 
                 1880 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 40% 
                 35% 
                 23% 
                 35% 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1680 
                 1810 
                 1820 
                 1390 
                 1440 
                 1840 
                 1510 
                 1680 
                 1510 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                 14% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                 16% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 8010 
                 14500 
                 9520 
                 8010 
                 14500 
                 9520 
                 8010 
                 14500 
                 9520 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 53% 
                 36% 
                 53% 
                 45% 
                 39% 
                 41% 
                 37% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 14000 
                 19700 
                 16100 
                 14000 
                 19700 
                 16100 
                 14000 
                 19700 
                 16100 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 42% 
                 29% 
                 42% 
                 35% 
                 16% 
                 28% 
                 24% 
                 22% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 20400 
                 22700 
                 20400 
                 20400 
                 22700 
                 20400 
                 20400 
                 22700 
                 20400 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                  8% 
                  4% 
                  7% 
                  4% 
                  8% 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 1.8 
                 1.8 
                 1.7 
                 0.72 
                 2.3 
                 2.3 
                 1.2 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.031 
                 0.16 
                 0.048 
                 0.096 
                 0.49 
                 0.011 
                 0.080 
                 0.78 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.1 
                 0.79 
                 1.0 
                 0.91 
                 0.29 
                 1.2 
                 0.91 
                 0.39 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.1 
                 4.2 
                 3.1 
                 3.1 
                 1.8 
                 4.2 
                 5.9 
                 3.5 
                 5.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.2 
                 1.8 
                 2.5 
                 1.9 
                 1.5 
                 2.4 
                 1.8 
                 2.4 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0041 
                 0.16 
                 0.0011 
                 0.036 
                 0.33 
                 0.0054 
                 0.24 
                 0.077 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.3 
                 0.79 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 0.68 
                 1.3 
                 0.68 
                 0.91 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.7 
                 4.2 
                 4.4 
                 3.5 
                 3.2 
                 4.5 
                 4.7 
                 6.3 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.5 
                 1.9 
                 4.9 
                 3.0 
                 1.5 
                 3.0 
                 1.8 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 1.5E−8 
                 0.12 
                 5.2E−9 
                 2.6E−4 
                 0.33 
                 5.0E−4 
                 0.24 
                 0.44 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 2.7 
                 0.85 
                 2.9 
                 1.7 
                 0.68 
                 1.6 
                 0.68 
                 0.53 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.5 
                 4.4 
                 8.3 
                 5.4 
                 3.2 
                 5.5 
                 4.7 
                 4.3 
                 5.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11.7 
                 11.6 
                 11.7 
                 11.8 
                 11.7 
                 11.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 38.9 
                 38.7 
                 38.9 
                 65.8 
                 38.9 
                 55.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 79.2 
                 92.2 
                 79.2 
                 172 
                 79.2 
                 122 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.025 
                   
                 0.37 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000949 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000949 
                 0.000981 
                 0.000949 
                 0.633 
               
               
                 Max 
                 538 
                 789 
                 538 
                 1370 
                 538 
                 453 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 168 
                 363 
                 103 
                 363 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 168 
                 151 
                 103 
                 151 
                 22 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.4 
                 18.6 
                 12.4 
                 17.2 
                 12.4 
                 9.37 
               
               
                 Average 
                 44.1 
                 50.5 
                 44.1 
                 79.9 
                 44.1 
                 63.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 108 
                 70.1 
                 108 
                 145 
                 108 
                 135 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.046 
                   
                 0.39 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000734 
                 0.577 
                 0.000734 
                 1.82 
                 0.000734 
                 2.38 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 276 
                 1370 
                 645 
                 1370 
                 453 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 960 
                 49 
                 960 
                 39 
                 960 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 49 
                 317 
                 39 
                 317 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.3 
                 11.2 
                 12.3 
                 12.0 
                 12.3 
                 11.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 45.8 
                 40.8 
                 45.8 
                 56.2 
                 45.8 
                 35.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 91.7 
                 100 
                 91.7 
                 164 
                 91.7 
                 78.1 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 0.58 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000981 
                 0.000466 
                 0.633 
               
               
                 Max 
                 624 
                 789 
                 624 
                 1370 
                 624 
                 388 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 444 
                 155 
                 444 
                 104 
                 444 
                 24 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 155 
                 172 
                 104 
                 172 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.58 
                 0.48 
                 0.50 
                 0.58 
                 0.47 
                 0.47 
                 0.46 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.027 
                 0.044 
                 0.027 
                 0.032 
                 0.049 
                 0.032 
                 0.065 
                 0.060 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.66 
                 0.076 
                 0.53 
                 0.97 
                 0.11 
                 0.32 
                 0.59 
                 0.53 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 nCohort 1  
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
               
               
                 nCohort 2  
                 168 
                 49 
                 155 
                 103 
                 39 
                 104 
                 22 
                 25 
                 24 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 7.08 
                 10.1 
                 6.96 
                 5.73 
                 10.2 
                 5.39 
                 5.10 
                 7.26 
                 5.20 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 32% 
                 42% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
                 42% 
                 23% 
                 25% 
                 30% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 4.53 
                 5.80 
                 4.61 
                 4.21 
                 7.47 
                 3.76 
                 2.96 
                 5.34 
                 2.60 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                 20% 
                 31% 
                 15% 
                 13% 
                 21% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 2.96 
                 3.15 
                 3.08 
                 2.53 
                 3.85 
                 2.52 
                 1.52 
                 4.48 
                 1.52 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 9% 
                  5% 
                 18% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 22.2 
                 24.2 
                 24.5 
                 22.2 
                 24.2 
                 24.5 
                 22.2 
                 24.2 
                 24.5 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 45% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 27% 
                 27% 
                 16% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 36.8 
                 42.2 
                 44.4 
                 36.8 
                 42.2 
                 44.4 
                 36.8 
                 42.2 
                 44.4 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 31% 
                 20% 
                 22% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 96.1 
                 96.1 
                 107 
                 96.1 
                 96.1 
                 107 
                 96.1 
                 96.1 
                 107 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  8% 
                 14% 
                  7% 
                 14% 
                 21% 
                 11% 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 0.90 
                 1.2 
                 0.85 
                 1.5 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 0.82 
                 0.51 
                 0.61 
                 0.44 
                 0.64 
                 0.99 
                 0.52 
                 0.073 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.78 
                 0.36 
                 0.71 
                 0.46 
                 0.53 
                 0.63 
                 0.28 
                 0.42 
                 0.049 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.2 
                 2.2 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
                 4.3 
                 2.1 
                 3.6 
                 5.4 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 0.86 
                 2.0 
                 0.85 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.92 
                 0.82 
                 0.29 
                 0.63 
                 0.16 
                 0.62 
                 0.74 
                 0.25 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 0.46 
                 0.79 
                 0.46 
                 0.75 
                 0.45 
                 0.36 
                 0.61 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.7 
                 2.6 
                 2.2 
                 1.6 
                 5.5 
                 1.6 
                 4.2 
                 6.9 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 1.8 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.38 
                 0.092 
                 0.76 
                 0.91 
                 0.16 
                 0.23 
                 0.74 
                 0.36 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.75 
                 0.89 
                 0.64 
                 0.57 
                 0.75 
                 0.79 
                 0.36 
                 0.51 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 4.3 
                 1.8 
                 1.9 
                 5.5 
                 2.6 
                 4.2 
                 6.2 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 6 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.105 
                 0.0450 
                 0.105 
                 0.109 
                 0.105 
                 0.000350 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.04 
                 1.27 
                 1.04 
                 1.52 
                 1.04 
                 0.471 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.57 
                 7.27 
                 2.57 
                 3.99 
                 2.57 
                 1.02 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.33 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 0.000110 
                 1.00E−4 
                 0.000110 
               
               
                 Max 
                 25.9 
                 89.0 
                 25.9 
                 22.4 
                 25.9 
                 4.24 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 333 
                 156 
                 333 
                 97 
                 333 
                 20 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 156 
                 141 
                 97 
                 141 
                 20 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0677 
                 0.214 
                 0.0677 
                 0.0456 
                 0.0677 
                 0.000364 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.10 
                 0.704 
                 1.10 
                 3.20 
                 1.10 
                 0.501 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.58 
                 1.44 
                 3.58 
                 14.6 
                 3.58 
                 1.05 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.45 
                   
                 0.0063 
                   
                 0.42 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 0.000120 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
               
               
                 Max 
                 70.5 
                 8.76 
                 70.5 
                 89.0 
                 70.5 
                 4.24 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 864 
                 47 
                 864 
                 37 
                 864 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 292 
                 47 
                 292 
                 37 
                 292 
                 23 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.151 
                 0.0456 
                 0.151 
                 0.0635 
                 0.151 
                 0.000566 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.06 
                 1.38 
                 1.06 
                 1.64 
                 1.06 
                 0.329 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.44 
                 7.63 
                 2.44 
                 4.46 
                 2.44 
                 0.615 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.45 
                   
                 0.081 
                   
                 0.17 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 1.00E−4 
                 0.000110 
                 1.00E−4 
                 0.000110 
               
               
                 Max 
                 25.9 
                 89.0 
                 25.9 
                 22.5 
                 25.9 
                 2.35 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 414 
                 143 
                 414 
                 97 
                 414 
                 21 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 162 
                 143 
                 162 
                 97 
                 162 
                 21 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 0.55 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.51 
                 0.48 
                 0.37 
                 0.41 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.028 
                 0.044 
                 0.028 
                 0.033 
                 0.049 
                 0.033 
                 0.069 
                 0.063 
                 0.067 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.18 
                 0.25 
                 0.088 
                 0.69 
                 0.81 
                 0.52 
                 0.061 
                 0.16 
                 0.047 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 333 
                 864 
                 414 
                 333 
                 864 
                 414 
                 333 
                 864 
                 414 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 156 
                 47 
                 143 
                 97 
                 37 
                 97 
                 20 
                 23 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.000336 
                 0.00640 
                 0.000278 
                 0.000336 
                 0.000336 
                 0.000336 
                 0.000206 
                 0.000244 
                 0.000206 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 74% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 78% 
                 76% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                 45% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 30% 
                 24% 
                 11% 
                 18% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.000249 
                 0.000469 
                 0.000249 
                 0.000249 
                 0.000249 
                 0.000249 
                 0.000203 
                 0.000213 
                 0.000203 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 16% 
                 33% 
                 17% 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.000203 
                 0.000244 
                 0.000123 
                 0.000123 
                 0.000157 
                 0.000203 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000122 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 96% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                 18% 
                  7% 
                  6% 
                 11% 
                 10% 
                  6% 
                  6% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.610 
                 0.548 
                 0.708 
                 0.610 
                 0.548 
                 0.708 
                 0.610 
                 0.548 
                 0.708 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                 32% 
                 32% 
                 28% 
                 30% 
                 22% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.28 
                 1.17 
                 1.54 
                 1.28 
                 1.17 
                 1.54 
                 1.28 
                 1.17 
                 1.54 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 15% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 15% 
                 10% 
                 17% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2.70 
                 2.51 
                 2.99 
                 2.70 
                 2.51 
                 2.99 
                 2.70 
                 2.51 
                 2.99 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
                  9% 
                 14% 
                 10% 
                  5% 
                  4% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.9 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 0.59 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 0.49 
                 0.31 
                 0.40 
                 0.18 
                 0.41 
                 0.69 
                 0.48 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
                 0.77 
                 0.70 
                 0.75 
                 0.69 
                 0.30 
                 0.14 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 3.5 
                 2.3 
                 2.5 
                 4.9 
                 2.5 
                 6.3 
                 2.5 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.3 
                 2.1 
                 1.3 
                 0.94 
                 0.85 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 1.6 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 0.10 
                 0.31 
                 0.86 
                 0.78 
                 0.33 
                 0.99 
                 0.40 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.77 
                 0.87 
                 0.77 
                 0.48 
                 0.28 
                 0.72 
                 0.20 
                 0.52 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 4.9 
                 2.3 
                 1.8 
                 2.6 
                 2.6 
                 5.2 
                 5.0 
                 18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.4 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.4 
                 3.7 
                 1.4 
                 4.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.25 
                 0.37 
                 0.070 
                 0.40 
                 0.34 
                 0.32 
                 0.054 
                 0.55 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.80 
                 0.61 
                 0.96 
                 0.70 
                 0.61 
                 0.73 
                 0.98 
                 0.44 
                 0.89 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 3.8 
                 2.9 
                 2.5 
                 4.2 
                 2.6 
                 14 
                 4.5 
                 21 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 20.6 
                 27.6 
                 20.6 
                 32.6 
                 20.6 
                 36.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 46.4 
                 39.6 
                 46.4 
                 101 
                 46.4 
                 103 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 99.6 
                 48.0 
                 99.6 
                 289 
                 99.6 
                 271 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.45 
                   
                 0.0066 
                   
                 0.017 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00401 
                 0.00389 
                 0.00401 
                 0.00401 
                 0.00401 
                 3.84 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1310 
                 300 
                 1310 
                 2190 
                 1310 
                 1270 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 268 
                 138 
                 268 
                 104 
                 268 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 138 
                 148 
                 104 
                 148 
                 35 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 23.5 
                 31.6 
                 23.5 
                 46.4 
                 23.5 
                 40.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 60.4 
                 54.7 
                 60.4 
                 109 
                 60.4 
                 40.4 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 177 
                 65.1 
                 177 
                 172 
                 177 
                 28.4 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.84 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.59 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00389 
                 6.31 
                 0.00389 
                 6.70 
                 0.00389 
                 4.90 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2190 
                 289 
                 2190 
                 987 
                 2190 
                 124 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 663 
                 38 
                 663 
                 37 
                 663 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 38 
                 288 
                 37 
                 288 
                 23 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 23.9 
                 29.8 
                 23.9 
                 37.2 
                 23.9 
                 39.6 
               
               
                 Average 
                 43.7 
                 42.7 
                 43.7 
                 108 
                 43.7 
                 134 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 64.1 
                 49.9 
                 64.1 
                 320 
                 64.1 
                 289 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 8.3E−4 
                   
                 6.8E−6 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 0.00389 
                 0.00131 
                 0.00401 
                 0.00131 
                 3.84 
               
               
                 Max 
                 480 
                 300 
                 480 
                 2190 
                 480 
                 1270 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 313 
                 127 
                 313 
                 102 
                 313 
                 32 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 127 
                 152 
                 102 
                 152 
                 32 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.54 
                 0.58 
                 0.54 
                 0.60 
                 0.68 
                 0.60 
                 0.57 
                 0.59 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.030 
                 0.050 
                 0.031 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.033 
                 0.053 
                 0.063 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.24 
                 0.12 
                 0.19 
                 0.0031 
                 3.0E−4 
                 0.0032 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
                 0.069 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 138 
                 38 
                 127 
                 104 
                 37 
                 102 
                 35 
                 23 
                 32 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 16.0 
                 16.8 
                 16.3 
                 18.3 
                 24.0 
                 20.9 
                 16.3 
                 22.1 
                 18.5 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 40% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 45% 
                 51% 
                 46% 
                 40% 
                 48% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 11.2 
                 12.1 
                 13.2 
                 14.2 
                 16.8 
                 15.1 
                 9.15 
                 9.15 
                 12.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 26% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 38% 
                 35% 
                 19% 
                 18% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 7.44 
                 9.02 
                 6.50 
                 8.80 
                 14.5 
                 9.55 
                 5.56 
                 6.50 
                 5.56 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 13% 
                 18% 
                 32% 
                 20% 
                 11% 
                 13% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 41.2 
                 43.2 
                 43.8 
                 41.2 
                 43.2 
                 43.8 
                 41.2 
                 43.2 
                 43.8 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 28% 
                 37% 
                 31% 
                 43% 
                 57% 
                 43% 
                 43% 
                 48% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 54.4 
                 54.7 
                 56.0 
                 54.4 
                 54.7 
                 56.0 
                 54.4 
                 54.7 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 18% 
                 29% 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 46% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 22% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 97.1 
                 92.1 
                 92.1 
                 97.1 
                 92.1 
                 92.1 
                 97.1 
                 92.1 
                 92.1 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  7% 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 14% 
                 35% 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                  4% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 5.8 
                 1.4 
                 0.47 
                 0.39 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 0.61 
                 0.22 
                 0.12 
                 0.024 
                 0.31 
                 0.23 
                 0.27 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.65 
                 0.47 
                 0.80 
                 0.87 
                 1.3 
                 0.72 
                 0.13 
                 0.075 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.2 
                 3.6 
                 2.7 
                 3.5 
                 27 
                 2.9 
                 1.6 
                 2.0 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
                 2.0 
                 1.9 
                 3.1 
                 1.8 
                 1.7 
                 1.6 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.013 
                 0.46 
                 0.026 
                 0.062 
                 0.17 
                 0.099 
                 0.26 
                 0.40 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.54 
                 1.1 
                 0.97 
                 0.61 
                 0.90 
                 0.67 
                 0.52 
                 0.77 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.8 
                 3.9 
                 3.6 
                 3.8 
                 15 
                 3.5 
                 4.4 
                 5.1 
                 6.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 1.8 
                 1.5 
                 2.5 
                 9.9 
                 2.6 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 0.25 
                 0.22 
                 0.0091 
                 0.0023 
                 0.0052 
                 0.64 
                 0.41 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.68 
                 0.67 
                 0.80 
                 1.3 
                 2.3 
                 1.3 
                 0.47 
                 0.52 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 4.6 
                 2.7 
                 4.8 
                 43 
                 5.0 
                 3.4 
                 5.1 
                 5.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.752 
                 0.909 
                 0.752 
                 1.07 
                 0.752 
                 0.909 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.30 
                 1.47 
                 1.30 
                 1.57 
                 1.30 
                 1.08 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.01 
                 1.98 
                 2.01 
                 2.12 
                 2.01 
                 1.06 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.42 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.53 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00230 
               
               
                 Max 
                 23.1 
                 14.9 
                 23.1 
                 11.6 
                 23.1 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 268 
                 138 
                 268 
                 104 
                 268 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 138 
                 148 
                 104 
                 148 
                 35 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.761 
                 1.65 
                 0.761 
                 1.62 
                 0.761 
                 1.70 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.41 
                 1.72 
                 1.41 
                 1.75 
                 1.41 
                 1.43 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.42 
                 1.77 
                 2.42 
                 1.92 
                 2.42 
                 1.33 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.39 
                   
                 0.97 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00230 
               
               
                 Max 
                 28.3 
                 6.72 
                 28.3 
                 8.64 
                 28.3 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 663 
                 38 
                 663 
                 37 
                 663 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 38 
                 288 
                 37 
                 288 
                 23 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.354 
                 1.11 
                 0.354 
                 1.40 
                 0.354 
                 1.11 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.15 
                 1.55 
                 1.15 
                 1.66 
                 1.15 
                 1.19 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.55 
                 1.99 
                 1.55 
                 2.03 
                 1.55 
                 0.989 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.022 
                   
                 0.0078 
                   
                 0.87 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.77 
                 14.9 
                 8.77 
                 11.6 
                 8.77 
                 3.36 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 313 
                 127 
                 313 
                 102 
                 313 
                 32 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 127 
                 152 
                 102 
                 152 
                 32 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.59 
                 0.58 
                 0.52 
                 0.58 
                 0.57 
                 0.50 
                 0.54 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.030 
                 0.050 
                 0.031 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.033 
                 0.052 
                 0.063 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.31 
                 0.064 
                 0.012 
                 0.61 
                 0.11 
                 0.051 
                 0.93 
                 0.47 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 138 
                 38 
                 127 
                 104 
                 37 
                 102 
                 35 
                 23 
                 32 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0522 
                 0.108 
                 0.0742 
                 0.0305 
                 0.354 
                 0.0407 
                 0.0435 
                 0.0209 
                 0.208 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 32% 
                 38% 
                 40% 
                 24% 
                 45% 
                 32% 
                 31% 
                 25% 
                 48% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00352 
                 0.0378 
                 0.00352 
                 0.00342 
                 0.0209 
                 0.00342 
                 0.0209 
                 0.00342 
                 0.0742 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 19% 
                 29% 
                 24% 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00246  
                 0.00230 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00332 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 96% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                  6% 
                 17% 
                  6% 
                 10% 
                 6% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.74 
                 1.76 
                 1.58 
                 1.74 
                 1.76 
                 1.58 
                 1.74 
                 1.76 
                 1.58 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 39% 
                 47% 
                 43% 
                 33% 
                 41% 
                 40% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.17 
                 2.35 
                 2.11 
                 2.17 
                 2.35 
                 2.11 
                 2.17 
                 2.35 
                 2.11 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 31% 
                 20% 
                 22% 
                 29% 
                 11% 
                 30% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.12 
                 3.36 
                 3.12 
                 3.12 
                 3.36 
                 3.12 
                 3.12 
                 3.36 
                 3.12 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                 14% 
                 19% 
                  3% 
                  4% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 2.3 
                 1.0 
                 0.47 
                 0.61 
                 0.57 
                 0.99 
                 0.79 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 0.13 
                 0.88 
                 0.030 
                 0.40 
                 0.11 
                 0.98 
                 0.73 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.63 
                 0.78 
                 0.57 
                 0.24 
                 0.20 
                 0.28 
                 0.35 
                 0.21 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.0 
                 6.7 
                 1.9 
                 0.93 
                 1.9 
                 1.1 
                 2.8 
                 3.0 
                 5.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.87 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 0.90 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
                 1.4 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.65 
                 0.40 
                 0.76 
                 0.75 
                 0.26 
                 0.90 
                 0.48 
                 0.56 
                 0.029 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 0.52 
                 0.60 
                 0.49 
                 0.68 
                 0.55 
                 0.54 
                 0.44 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 5.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.7 
                 4.1 
                 2.0 
                 3.7 
                 4.6 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 2.9 
                 2.0 
                 0.95 
                 1.4 
                 1.6 
                 0.99 
                 1.4 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 0.043 
                 0.021 
                 0.87 
                 0.48 
                 0.14 
                 0.98 
                 0.57 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.85 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 0.51 
                 0.55 
                 0.86 
                 0.35 
                 0.44 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.7 
                 8.3 
                 3.5 
                 1.8 
                 3.6 
                 2.9 
                 2.8 
                 4.5 
                 8.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5040 
                 6160 
                 5040 
                 5290 
                 5040 
                 4110 
               
               
                 Average 
                 18600 
                 14200 
                 18600 
                 14600 
                 18600 
                 12700 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 34200 
                 23500 
                 34200 
                 22100 
                 34200 
                 23300 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.21 
                   
                 0.26 
               
               
                 Min 
                 323 
                 300 
                 323 
                 281 
                 323 
                 485 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 173000 
                 238000 
                 133000 
                 238000 
                 132000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 430 
                 195 
                 430 
                 132 
                 430 
                 46 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 195 
                 203 
                 132 
                 203 
                 46 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5580 
                 8680 
                 5580 
                 6800 
                 5580 
                 4300 
               
               
                 Average 
                 16400 
                 28200 
                 16400 
                 19500 
                 16400 
                 18400 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 28100 
                 47400 
                 28100 
                 30200 
                 28100 
                 35800 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0028 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 300 
                 0.0130 
                 281 
                 0.0130 
                 876 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 190000 
                 238000 
                 133000 
                 238000 
                 171000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1121 
                 58 
                 1121 
                 51 
                 1121 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 58 
                 395 
                 51 
                 395 
                 36 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5490 
                 6080 
                 5490 
                 5320 
                 5490 
                 4170 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19900 
                 14100 
                 19900 
                 13200 
                 19900 
                 15700 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 34400 
                 24200 
                 34400 
                 17500 
                 34400 
                 29600 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.036 
                   
                 0.033 
                   
                 0.44 
               
               
                 Min 
                 323 
                 389 
                 323 
                 531 
                 323 
                 485 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 180000 
                 238000 
                 84400 
                 238000 
                 173000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 506 
                 182 
                 506 
                 129 
                 506 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 182 
                 215 
                 129 
                 215 
                 43 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.52 
                 0.51 
                 0.53 
                 0.51 
                 0.46 
                 0.47 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.025 
                 0.040 
                 0.025 
                 0.029 
                 0.042 
                 0.029 
                 0.046 
                 0.050 
                 0.046 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.19 
                 0.070 
                 0.32 
                 0.66 
                 0.55 
                 0.82 
                 0.33 
                 0.53 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 195 
                 58 
                 182 
                 132 
                 51 
                 129 
                 46 
                 36 
                 43 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 3560 
                 4110 
                 3670 
                 3370 
                 3090 
                 3480 
                 2670 
                 3160 
                 2970 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 37% 
                 39% 
                 37% 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2780 
                 2380 
                 3060 
                 2420 
                 2420 
                 2740 
                 1870 
                 2400 
                 2440 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 19% 
                 32% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                 30% 
                 17% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1810 
                 1670 
                 2040 
                 1760 
                 1150 
                 1880 
                 904 
                 1340 
                 1290 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 19% 
                 16% 
                 6% 
                 17% 
                  6% 
                  8% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 11600 
                 11400 
                 13400 
                 11600 
                 11400 
                 13400 
                 11600 
                 11400 
                 13400 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 41% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
                 22% 
                 22% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 24300 
                 21900 
                 28700 
                 24300 
                 21900 
                 28700 
                 24300 
                 21900 
                 28700 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 29% 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                 22% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 51700 
                 44600 
                 58300 
                 51700 
                 44600 
                 58300 
                 51700 
                 44600 
                 58300 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                 17% 
                  4% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                  5% 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 0.91 
                 2.8 
                 1.3 
                 0.68 
                 1.9 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.025 
                 0.83 
                 9.4E−5 
                 0.41 
                 0.39 
                 0.021 
                 0.64 
                 0.99 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.40 
                 1.7 
                 0.72 
                 0.29 
                 1.1 
                 0.50 
                 0.37 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.9 
                 2.1 
                 4.7 
                 2.2 
                 1.6 
                 3.4 
                 3.1 
                 2.7 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 1.3 
                 2.7 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
                 1.8 
                 1.4 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0050 
                 0.45 
                 1.4E−4 
                 0.47 
                 1.0 
                 0.070 
                 0.20 
                 0.48 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.63 
                 1.6 
                 0.70 
                 0.46 
                 0.96 
                 0.74 
                 0.55 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.3 
                 2.9 
                 4.6 
                 2.2 
                 2.2 
                 3.0 
                 4.2 
                 3.5 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.4 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 0.20 
                 0.13 
                 0.49 
                 0.57 
                 0.66 
                 0.64 
                 0.80 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.83 
                 0.77 
                 0.88 
                 0.69 
                 0.59 
                 0.63 
                 0.50 
                 0.43 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 3.4 
                 2.6 
                 2.1 
                 2.6 
                 2.1 
                 3.1 
                 3.0 
                 2.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.35 
                 3.36 
                 3.35 
                 3.79 
                 3.35 
                 3.13 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.65 
                 5.50 
                 4.65 
                 6.97 
                 4.65 
                 6.32 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.33 
                 5.69 
                 5.33 
                 9.72 
                 5.33 
                 9.52 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.0041 
                   
                 0.13 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0801 
                 0.0298 
                 0.0801 
                 0.0298 
                 0.0801 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 46.9 
                 33.3 
                 46.9 
                 81.9 
                 46.9 
                 43.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 264 
                 133 
                 264 
                 99 
                 264 
                 33 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 147 
                 133 
                 147 
                 99 
                 147 
                 33 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.54 
                 3.07 
                 3.54 
                 3.69 
                 3.54 
                 2.94 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.54 
                 4.01 
                 6.54 
                 5.23 
                 6.54 
                 5.23 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 13.5 
                 3.62 
                 13.5 
                 4.09 
                 13.5 
                 8.08 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000104 
                 0.0298 
                 0.000104 
                 0.0298 
                 0.000104 
                 0.434 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 16.5 
                 279 
                 15.8 
                 279 
                 37.5 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 644 
                 38 
                 644 
                 36 
                 644 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 285 
                 38 
                 285 
                 36 
                 285 
                 22 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.36 
                 3.82 
                 3.36 
                 3.88 
                 3.36 
                 3.13 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.92 
                 5.83 
                 4.92 
                 7.66 
                 4.92 
                 7.18 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 6.15 
                 5.78 
                 6.15 
                 11.2 
                 6.15 
                 9.67 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.0024 
                   
                 0.067 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000201 
                 0.256 
                 0.000201 
                 0.235 
                 0.000201 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 49.4 
                 33.3 
                 49.4 
                 81.9 
                 49.4 
                 43.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 308 
                 121 
                 308 
                 94 
                 308 
                 31 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 121 
                 151 
                 94 
                 151 
                 31 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.44 
                 0.57 
                 0.57 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.51 
                 0.44 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.049 
                 0.031 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.034 
                 0.054 
                 0.064 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 0.22 
                 0.021 
                 0.037 
                 0.58 
                 0.036 
                 0.87 
                 0.35 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 264 
                 644 
                 308 
                 264 
                 644 
                 308 
                 264 
                 644 
                 308 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 133 
                 38 
                 121 
                 99 
                 36 
                 94 
                 33 
                 22 
                 31 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.95 
                 1.66 
                 2.23 
                 2.10 
                 2.43 
                 2.12 
                 1.02 
                 1.56 
                 1.21 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 35% 
                 37% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.66 
                 1.16 
                 1.87 
                 1.48 
                 1.68 
                 1.42 
                 0.935 
                 1.06 
                 0.990 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                 31% 
                 25% 
                 26% 
                 24% 
                 16% 
                 16% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.06 
                 0.477 
                 1.36 
                 0.733 
                 0.899 
                 0.733 
                 0.717 
                 0.795 
                 0.795 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 19% 
                 6% 
                 22% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.15 
                 6.29 
                 5.26 
                 5.15 
                 6.29 
                 5.26 
                 5.15 
                 6.29 
                 5.26 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 21% 
                 40% 
                 44% 
                 36% 
                 45% 
                 36% 
                 14% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 6.60 
                 9.07 
                 6.57 
                 6.60 
                 9.07 
                 6.57 
                 6.60 
                 9.07 
                 6.57 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 30% 
                 11% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 19% 
                 40% 
                 27% 
                 14% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 10.5 
                 13.6 
                 10.6 
                 10.5 
                 13.6 
                 10.6 
                 10.5 
                 13.6 
                 10.6 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                  3% 
                 16% 
                 21% 
                  6% 
                 22% 
                 18% 
                  9% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 1.2 
                 2.4 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 0.99 
                 0.51 
                 2.4 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.036 
                 0.78 
                 0.0063 
                 0.77 
                 0.46 
                 0.97 
                 0.20 
                 0.21 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.0 
                 0.41 
                 1.3 
                 0.57 
                 0.54 
                 0.50 
                 0.18 
                 0.61 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.5 
                 3.3 
                 4.5 
                 2.2 
                 3.9 
                 1.9 
                 1.4 
                 9.5 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.95 
                 1.8 
                 1.3 
                 0.61 
                 1.6 
                 0.61 
                 0.51 
                 1.7 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.87 
                 0.24 
                 0.50 
                 0.19 
                 0.34 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.48 
                 0.054 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.50 
                 0.68 
                 0.65 
                 0.29 
                 0.61 
                 0.29 
                 0.18 
                 0.40 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.8 
                 4.6 
                 2.4 
                 1.3 
                 4.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 7.2 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
                 2.5 
                 2.2 
                 1.1 
                 2.3 
                 0.88 
                 2.4 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.020 
                 0.33 
                 0.0048 
                 0.014 
                 0.79 
                 0.010 
                 0.79 
                 0.21 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.61 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 0.41 
                 1.2 
                 0.35 
                 0.61 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.7 
                 4.3 
                 4.6 
                 4.2 
                 3.2 
                 4.2 
                 2.2 
                 9.5 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 1 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 876 
                 759 
                 876 
                 657 
                 876 
                 572 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1250 
                 1120 
                 1250 
                 1250 
                 1250 
                 915 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1560 
                 1350 
                 1560 
                 1570 
                 1560 
                 972 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.15 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.609 
                 12.9 
                 0.609 
                 8.16 
                 0.609 
                 0.779 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 13500 
                 16700 
                 7750 
                 16700 
                 3960 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 430 
                 195 
                 430 
                 132 
                 430 
                 46 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 195 
                 203 
                 132 
                 203 
                 46 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 843 
                 688 
                 843 
                 882 
                 843 
                 548 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1240 
                 908 
                 1240 
                 917 
                 1240 
                 1000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1480 
                 889 
                 1480 
                 749 
                 1480 
                 1120 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                 0.090 
                 0.12 
                 0.34 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 1.77 
                 0.00328 
                 29.5 
                 0.00328 
                 13.3 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 4350 
                 16700 
                 2920 
                 16700 
                 3960 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1121 
                 58 
                 1121 
                 51 
                 1121 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 58 
                 395 
                 51 
                 395 
                 36 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 858 
                 772 
                 858 
                 658 
                 858 
                 595 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1200 
                 1170 
                 1200 
                 1270 
                 1200 
                 927 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1480 
                 1490 
                 1480 
                 1580 
                 1480 
                 973 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                 0.84 
                 0.65 
                 0.24 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.609 
                 12.9 
                 0.609 
                 8.16 
                 0.609 
                 0.779 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 13500 
                 16700 
                 7750 
                 16700 
                 3960 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 506 
                 182 
                 506 
                 129 
                 506 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 182 
                 215 
                 129 
                 215 
                 43 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.43 
                 0.49 
                 0.47 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.42 
                 0.42 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.025 
                 0.040 
                 0.025 
                 0.029 
                 0.042 
                 0.029 
                 0.046 
                 0.050 
                 0.047 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.52 
                 0.086 
                 0.84 
                 0.33 
                 0.26 
                 0.60 
                 0.082 
                 0.13 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 195 
                 58 
                 182 
                 132 
                 51 
                 129 
                 46 
                 36 
                 43 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 477 
                 358 
                 466 
                 318 
                 262 
                 360 
                 359 
                 262 
                 359 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 24% 
                 31% 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 26% 
                 25% 
                 18% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 358 
                 231 
                 289 
                 231 
                 113 
                 260 
                 202 
                 167 
                 211 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 15% 
                 21% 
                 17% 
                  8% 
                 20% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 170 
                 122 
                 159 
                 103 
                 87.4 
                 121 
                 41.6 
                 54.1 
                 51.2 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                  9% 
                 13% 
                 10% 
                  7% 
                 10% 
                  5% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1440 
                 1420 
                 1400 
                 1440 
                 1420 
                 1400 
                 1440 
                 1420 
                 1400 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 25% 
                 21% 
                 26% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 22% 
                 31% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1750 
                 1800 
                 1720 
                 1750 
                 1800 
                 1720 
                 1750 
                 1800 
                 1720 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
                 23% 
                 10% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2430 
                 2550 
                 2410 
                 2430 
                 2550 
                 2410 
                 2430 
                 2550 
                 2410 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                  4% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 11% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.98 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 1.5 
                 0.74 
                 0.88 
                 0.44 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.93 
                 0.41 
                 1.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.33 
                 0.31 
                 0.80 
                 0.17 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 0.62 
                 0.61 
                 0.37 
                 0.68 
                 0.42 
                 0.33 
                 0.13 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.6 
                 3.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 3.2 
                 1.3 
                 2.4 
                 1.4 
                 4.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 1.6 
                 1.6 
                 0.89 
                 0.63 
                 1.2 
                 1.9 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0085 
                 0.23 
                 0.058 
                 0.67 
                 0.34 
                 0.42 
                 0.14 
                 0.64 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.73 
                 0.98 
                 0.51 
                 0.24 
                 0.73 
                 0.80 
                 0.50 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.0 
                 3.7 
                 2.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.6 
                 2.1 
                 4.5 
                 3.0 
                 5.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.95 
                 1.9 
                 0.94 
                 1.2 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.4 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.83 
                 0.12 
                 0.80 
                 0.48 
                 0.25 
                 0.76 
                 0.37 
                 0.50 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.58 
                 0.84 
                 0.57 
                 0.71 
                 0.73 
                 0.63 
                 0.62 
                 0.56 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 4.1 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 3.4 
                 1.9 
                 3.7 
                 3.3 
                 4.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 3.44E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.66E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00439 
                 0.00352 
                 0.00439 
                 0.00561 
                 0.00439 
                 0.00939 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0252 
                 0.0302 
                 0.0252 
                 0.0463 
                 0.0252 
                 0.0411 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.39 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.34E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.260 
                 0.388 
                 0.260 
                 0.470 
                 0.260 
                 0.193 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 168 
                 363 
                 103 
                 363 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 168 
                 151 
                 103 
                 151 
                 22 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.63E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00440 
                 0.00168 
                 0.00440 
                 0.0109 
                 0.00440 
                 0.000380 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0283 
                 0.00444 
                 0.0283 
                 0.0620 
                 0.0283 
                 0.00166 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.48 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.470 
                 0.0164 
                 0.470 
                 0.388 
                 0.470 
                 0.00836 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 960 
                 49 
                 960 
                 39 
                 960 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 49 
                 317 
                 39 
                 317 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 4.13E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 3.20E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00568 
                 0.00415 
                 0.00568 
                 0.00569 
                 0.00568 
                 0.0300 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0320 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0461 
                 0.0323 
                 0.106 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 1.00 
                   
                 0.0033 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.34E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.359 
                 0.388 
                 0.359 
                 0.470 
                 0.359 
                 0.492 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 444 
                 155 
                 444 
                 104 
                 444 
                 24 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 155 
                 172 
                 104 
                 172 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.51 
                 0.48 
                 0.53 
                 0.50 
                 0.56 
                 0.45 
                 0.45 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.027 
                 0.042 
                 0.027 
                 0.033 
                 0.047 
                 0.032 
                 0.065 
                 0.060 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.20 
                 0.87 
                 0.49 
                 0.39 
                 0.92 
                 0.048 
                 0.47 
                 0.40 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 168 
                 49 
                 155 
                 103 
                 39 
                 104 
                 22 
                 25 
                 24 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.17E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 76% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 76% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 35% 
                 19% 
                 28% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 86% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
                 87% 
                 81% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 16% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 23% 
                 16% 
                 22% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.34E−5 
                 7.53E−6 
                 1.34E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 0 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.34E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.34E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 5% 
                 10% 
                 16% 
                  0% 
                 16% 
                 10% 
                  3% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 24% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
                 35% 
                 36% 
                 43% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.000168  
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000168 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000168 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 11% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                 31% 
                 27% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.00442 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00442 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00442 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  8% 
                 14% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                  9% 
                  4% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.80 
                 1.2 
                 0.90 
                 0.89 
                 1.00 
                 0.76 
                 0.49 
                 0.80 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 0.69 
                 0.68 
                 0.72 
                 0.99 
                 0.41 
                 0.32 
                 0.74 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.53 
                 0.53 
                 0.47 
                 0.41 
                 0.39 
                 0.12 
                 0.21 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 2.4 
                 1.5 
                 2.0 
                 3.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 0.49 
                 1.5 
                 0.83 
                 2.1 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 1.0 
                 0.43 
                 0.64 
                 0.20 
                 0.18 
                 0.77 
                 0.20 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.76 
                 0.44 
                 0.73 
                 0.63 
                 0.16 
                 0.83 
                 0.25 
                 0.69 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 2.3 
                 2.0 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 2.7 
                 2.8 
                 6.1 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 0.91 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 0.82 
                 0.57 
                 0.78 
                 0.41 
                 0.54 
                 0.57 
                 0.76 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.67 
                 0.39 
                 0.69 
                 0.59 
                 0.62 
                 0.66 
                 0.46 
                 0.36 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.9 
                 2.1 
                 1.9 
                 2.0 
                 3.3 
                 2.2 
                 4.1 
                 4.0 
                 3.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0153 
                 0.0125 
                 0.0153 
                 0.0150 
                 0.0153 
                 0.00875 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.113 
                 0.157 
                 0.113 
                 0.196 
                 0.113 
                 0.234 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.326 
                 0.507 
                 0.326 
                 0.597 
                 0.326 
                 0.658 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.064 
                   
                 0.12 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.07 
                 3.58 
                 3.07 
                 4.47 
                 3.07 
                 2.56 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 168 
                 363 
                 103 
                 363 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 168 
                 151 
                 103 
                 151 
                 22 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0141 
                 0.0212 
                 0.0141 
                 0.0165 
                 0.0141 
                 0.00900 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.160 
                 0.225 
                 0.160 
                 0.237 
                 0.160 
                 0.218 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.532 
                 0.660 
                 0.532 
                 0.626 
                 0.532 
                 0.618 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 0.59 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 4.16E−6 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.000163 
                 1.14E−9 
                 6.78E−7 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 3.42 
                 8.92 
                 3.58 
                 8.92 
                 2.56 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 960 
                 49 
                 960 
                 39 
                 960 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 49 
                 317 
                 39 
                 317 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0157 
                 0.0112 
                 0.0157 
                 0.0152 
                 0.0157 
                 0.00954 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.132 
                 0.159 
                 0.132 
                 0.183 
                 0.132 
                 0.271 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.359 
                 0.491 
                 0.359 
                 0.594 
                 0.359 
                 0.778 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.26 
                   
                 0.090 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.07 
                 3.58 
                 3.07 
                 4.47 
                 3.07 
                 2.96 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 444 
                 155 
                 444 
                 104 
                 444 
                 24 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 155 
                 172 
                 104 
                 172 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.55 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.56 
                 0.47 
                 0.40 
                 0.44 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.027 
                 0.043 
                 0.027 
                 0.032 
                 0.049 
                 0.032 
                 0.066 
                 0.060 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.33 
                 0.26 
                 0.083 
                 0.76 
                 0.18 
                 0.32 
                 0.11 
                 0.30 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
                 363 
                 960 
                 444 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 168 
                 49 
                 155 
                 103 
                 39 
                 104 
                 22 
                 25 
                 24 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00513 
                 0.00681 
                 0.00479  
                 0.00401 
                 0.00811 
                 0.00397 
                 0.00605 
                 0.00494 
                 0.00605 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 26% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 22% 
                 35% 
                 21% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00273 
                 0.00498 
                 0.00273 
                 0.00198 
                 0.00544 
                 0.00198 
                 0.00115 
                 0.00372 
                 0.00115 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 27% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 20% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00105 
                 0.00219 
                 0.00105 
                 0.000652 
                 0.00108 
                 0.000685  
                 8.37E−7 
                 0.000661 
                 8.37E−7 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  8% 
                 13% 
                  7% 
                  7% 
                  7% 
                  6% 
                  2% 
                  6% 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0369 
                 0.0340 
                 0.0438 
                 0.0369 
                 0.0340 
                 0.0438 
                 0.0369 
                 0.0340 
                 0.0438 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 37% 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 44% 
                 28% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0727 
                 0.0744 
                 0.110 
                 0.0727 
                 0.0744 
                 0.110 
                 0.0727 
                 0.0744 
                 0.110 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 31% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.291 
                 0.361 
                 0.347 
                 0.291 
                 0.361 
                 0.347 
                 0.291 
                 0.361 
                 0.347 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 16% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 0.83 
                 1.1 
                 0.93 
                 0.71 
                 1.4 
                 0.95 
                 0.24 
                 0.60 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.50 
                 0.82 
                 0.78 
                 0.28 
                 0.47 
                 0.88 
                 0.21 
                 0.48 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
                 0.54 
                 0.38 
                 0.54 
                 0.52 
                 0.027 
                 0.14 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 2.6 
                 1.6 
                 1.3 
                 3.8 
                 1.8 
                 2.2 
                 2.5 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 0.59 
                 1.00 
                 0.65 
                 3.0 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.51 
                 0.52 
                 0.59 
                 0.11 
                 0.99 
                 0.19 
                 0.068 
                 0.20 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.71 
                 0.57 
                 0.68 
                 0.31 
                 0.34 
                 0.34 
                 0.92 
                 0.69 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 3.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.1 
                 2.9 
                 1.2 
                 9.8 
                 6.1 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 1.5 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 2.2 
                 1.5 
                 1.6 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 0.31 
                 0.087 
                 0.53 
                 0.090 
                 0.19 
                 0.51 
                 0.56 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.69 
                 0.67 
                 0.94 
                 0.67 
                 0.88 
                 0.82 
                 0.42 
                 0.44 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.9 
                 3.5 
                 2.6 
                 2.2 
                 5.5 
                 2.6 
                 5.7 
                 4.5 
                 3.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 134 
                 130 
                 134 
                 159 
                 134 
                 141 
               
               
                 Average 
                 140 
                 141 
                 140 
                 160 
                 140 
                 159 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 52.5 
                 60.1 
                 52.5 
                 71.7 
                 52.5 
                 64.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.0056 
                   
                 0.061 
               
               
                 Min 
                 31.0 
                 40.9 
                 31.0 
                 52.1 
                 31.0 
                 67.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 311 
                 360 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 312 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 250 
                 131 
                 250 
                 95 
                 250 
                 32 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 145 
                 131 
                 145 
                 95 
                 145 
                 32 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 132 
                 126 
                 132 
                 164 
                 132 
                 137 
               
               
                 Average 
                 142 
                 137 
                 142 
                 155 
                 142 
                 142 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 60.2 
                 51.4 
                 60.2 
                 57.1 
                 60.2 
                 53.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Min 
                 31.0 
                 47.9 
                 31.0 
                 55.2 
                 31.0 
                 64.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 444 
                 249 
                 444 
                 287 
                 444 
                 241 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 619 
                 37 
                 619 
                 35 
                 619 
                 21 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 284 
                 37 
                 284 
                 35 
                 284 
                 21 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 130 
                 140 
                 130 
                 162 
                 130 
                 162 
               
               
                 Average 
                 136 
                 146 
                 136 
                 162 
                 136 
                 168 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 51.8 
                 62.2 
                 51.8 
                 72.8 
                 51.8 
                 65.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 2.7E−4 
                   
                 0.0028 
               
               
                 Min 
                 31.0 
                 40.9 
                 31.0 
                 52.1 
                 31.0 
                 67.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 311 
                 360 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 312 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 291 
                 119 
                 291 
                 91 
                 291 
                 29 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 149 
                 119 
                 149 
                 91 
                 149 
                 29 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.49 
                 0.49 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
                 0.60 
                 0.58 
                 0.51 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.049 
                 0.032 
                 0.035 
                 0.052 
                 0.035 
                 0.056 
                 0.065 
                 0.058 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.75 
                 0.81 
                 0.29 
                 0.048 
                 0.13 
                 0.0065 
                 0.17 
                 0.84 
                 0.015 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 250 
                 619 
                 291 
                 250 
                 619 
                 291 
                 250 
                 619 
                 291 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 131 
                 37 
                 119 
                 95 
                 35 
                 91 
                 32 
                 21 
                 29 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 105 
                 109 
                 105 
                 107 
                 116 
                 111 
                 122 
                 99.6 
                 131 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 35% 
                 33% 
                 30% 
                 39% 
                 36% 
                 40% 
                 29% 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 86.4 
                 95.7 
                 85.9 
                 88.0 
                 99.6 
                 87.8 
                 97.1 
                 97.5 
                 90.2 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 16% 
                 26% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 29% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 28% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 76.2 
                 76.7 
                 76.5 
                 74.7 
                 80.9 
                 74.0 
                 88.0 
                 76.2 
                 77.4 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 162 
                 166 
                 161 
                 162 
                 166 
                 161 
                 162 
                 166 
                 161 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 24% 
                 36% 
                 48% 
                 49% 
                 51% 
                 41% 
                 38% 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 183 
                 190 
                 180 
                 183 
                 190 
                 180 
                 183 
                 190 
                 180 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 31% 
                 24% 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 203 
                 225 
                 203 
                 203 
                 225 
                 203 
                 203 
                 225 
                 203 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                 16% 
                 24% 
                  9% 
                 26% 
                 25% 
                  5% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.66 
                 1.3 
                 0.77 
                 0.45 
                 0.99 
                 0.60 
                 0.59 
                 1.5 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.18 
                 0.61 
                 0.41 
                 0.032 
                 0.99 
                 0.18 
                 0.37 
                 0.52 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.47 
                 0.42 
                 0.22 
                 0.34 
                 0.29 
                 0.18 
                 0.42 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 3.6 
                 1.4 
                 0.94 
                 2.9 
                 1.3 
                 1.9 
                 5.5 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.85 
                 2.1 
                 0.70 
                 0.84 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 0.73 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.58 
                 0.12 
                 0.27 
                 0.61 
                 0.79 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 0.74 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 0.82 
                 0.38 
                 0.43 
                 0.41 
                 0.50 
                 0.24 
                 0.33 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 5.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
                 3.2 
                 2.0 
                 2.2 
                 4.8 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.9 
                 2.0 
                 1.7 
                 1.5 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.96 
                 1.0 
                 0.33 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.031 
                 0.25 
                 0.52 
                 0.063 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 0.34 
                 0.75 
                 0.71 
                 0.75 
                 1.1 
                 0.67 
                 0.42 
                 0.95 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.8 
                 2.9 
                 2.4 
                 2.5 
                 4.9 
                 3.8 
                 4.5 
                 5.5 
                 7.2 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1150 
                 1450 
                 1150 
                 1130 
                 1150 
                 927 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1960 
                 2200 
                 1960 
                 2870 
                 1960 
                 1940 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2780 
                 2360 
                 2780 
                 7500 
                 2780 
                 3240 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                 0.035 
                   
                 0.97 
               
               
                 Min 
                 33.0 
                 47.5 
                 33.0 
                 23.5 
                 33.0 
                 105 
               
               
                 Max 
                 33000 
                 21300 
                 33000 
                 68100 
                 33000 
                 19700 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 430 
                 195 
                 430 
                 132 
                 430 
                 46 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 195 
                 203 
                 132 
                 203 
                 46 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1380 
                 1460 
                 1380 
                 1250 
                 1380 
                 906 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2390 
                 2200 
                 2390 
                 1670 
                 2390 
                 1470 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3860 
                 2030 
                 3860 
                 1630 
                 3860 
                 1630 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 47.5 
                 0.0376 
                 23.5 
                 0.0376 
                 160 
               
               
                 Max 
                 68100 
                 8500 
                 68100 
                 8210 
                 68100 
                 7210 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1121 
                 58 
                 1121 
                 51 
                 1121 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 58 
                 395 
                 51 
                 395 
                 36 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1250 
                 1470 
                 1250 
                 1170 
                 1250 
                 1080 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2040 
                 2280 
                 2040 
                 3010 
                 2040 
                 2270 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2810 
                 2400 
                 2810 
                 7590 
                 2810 
                 3520 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                 0.021 
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Min 
                 13.4 
                 122 
                 13.4 
                 99.8 
                 13.4 
                 105 
               
               
                 Max 
                 33000 
                 21300 
                 33000 
                 68100 
                 33000 
                 19700 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 506 
                 182 
                 506 
                 129 
                 506 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 182 
                 215 
                 129 
                 215 
                 43 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.53 
                 0.56 
                 0.51 
                 0.46 
                 0.51 
                 0.46 
                 0.40 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.025 
                 0.039 
                 0.025 
                 0.029 
                 0.042 
                 0.029 
                 0.046 
                 0.051 
                 0.046 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.015 
                 0.47 
                 0.017 
                 0.81 
                 0.35 
                 0.83 
                 0.40 
                 0.041 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
                 430 
                 1121 
                 506 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 195 
                 58 
                 182 
                 132 
                 51 
                 129 
                 46 
                 36 
                 43 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 843 
                 999 
                 891 
                 655 
                 914 
                 671 
                 525 
                 589 
                 575 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 37% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 557 
                 546 
                 619 
                 489 
                 435 
                 502 
                 450 
                 409 
                 450 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                 21% 
                 16% 
                 20% 
                 20% 
                 16% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 314 
                 217 
                 348 
                 362 
                 171 
                 401 
                 275 
                 272 
                 277 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                  6% 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                  5% 
                 18% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1870 
                 2320 
                 2010 
                 1870 
                 2320 
                 2010 
                 1870 
                 2320 
                 2010 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 33% 
                 40% 
                 34% 
                 16% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2630 
                 3200 
                 2780 
                 2630 
                 3200 
                 2780 
                 2630 
                 3200 
                 2780 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 28% 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 23% 
                 14% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4290 
                 5100 
                 4310 
                 4290 
                 5100 
                 4310 
                 4290 
                 5100 
                 4310 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                  9% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                  6% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
                  6% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.94 
                 1.1 
                 1.2 
                 0.85 
                 1.8 
                 1.1 
                 0.89 
                 0.83 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.80 
                 0.84 
                 0.38 
                 0.55 
                 0.20 
                 0.70 
                 0.81 
                 0.77 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 0.49 
                 0.76 
                 0.49 
                 0.74 
                 0.65 
                 0.35 
                 0.25 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 2.4 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
                 4.3 
                 1.9 
                 2.3 
                 2.8 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.1 
                 0.85 
                 2.3 
                 0.84 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.39 
                 0.45 
                 0.70 
                 0.57 
                 0.051 
                 0.55 
                 0.65 
                 0.16 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 0.63 
                 0.67 
                 0.49 
                 1.00 
                 0.48 
                 0.51 
                 0.76 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.0 
                 2.9 
                 1.8 
                 1.5 
                 5.5 
                 1.5 
                 2.9 
                 5.5 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.7 
                 1.4 
                 1.8 
                 0.99 
                 1.4 
                 1.1 
                 1.6 
                 2.2 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.035 
                 0.35 
                 0.017 
                 0.97 
                 0.49 
                 0.80 
                 0.29 
                 0.11 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.67 
                 1.1 
                 0.58 
                 0.55 
                 0.62 
                 0.68 
                 0.84 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.7 
                 3.1 
                 2.9 
                 1.7 
                 3.5 
                 1.8 
                 3.7 
                 5.9 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 9.36 
                 10.6 
                 9.36 
                 10.9 
                 9.36 
                 16.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 14.9 
                 17.8 
                 14.9 
                 99.7 
                 14.9 
                 24.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 34.0 
                 22.7 
                 34.0 
                 743 
                 34.0 
                 53.5 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.063 
                   
                 0.14 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 470 
                 134 
                 470 
                 7540 
                 470 
                 317 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 268 
                 138 
                 268 
                 104 
                 268 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 138 
                 148 
                 104 
                 148 
                 35 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.7 
                 6.88 
                 10.7 
                 11.2 
                 10.7 
                 4.09 
               
               
                 Average 
                 29.4 
                 11.0 
                 29.4 
                 40.6 
                 29.4 
                 11.8 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 295 
                 12.7 
                 295 
                 154 
                 295 
                 13.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0132 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 7540 
                 50.9 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 44.4 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 663 
                 38 
                 663 
                 37 
                 663 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 38 
                 288 
                 37 
                 288 
                 23 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 9.36 
                 10.8 
                 9.36 
                 9.71 
                 9.36 
                 16.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17.9 
                 19.0 
                 17.9 
                 93.1 
                 17.9 
                 31.5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 61.5 
                 24.0 
                 61.5 
                 749 
                 61.5 
                 60.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.079 
                   
                 0.24 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 134 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 317 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 313 
                 127 
                 313 
                 101 
                 313 
                 32 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 127 
                 152 
                 101 
                 152 
                 32 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.47 
                 0.55 
                 0.56 
                 0.55 
                 0.54 
                 0.62 
                 0.47 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.030 
                 0.049 
                 0.031 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.033 
                 0.053 
                 0.062 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.13 
                 0.49 
                 0.14 
                 0.068 
                 0.36 
                 0.19 
                 0.027 
                 0.67 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
                 268 
                 663 
                 313 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 138 
                 38 
                 127 
                 104 
                 37 
                 101 
                 35 
                 23 
                 32 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.533 
                 0.338 
                 0.338 
                 1.39 
                 0.338 
                 0.338 
                 0.452 
                 0.178 
                 3.21 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 76% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 32% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0840 
                 0.117 
                 0.0748 
                 0.103 
                 0.315 
                 0.0840 
                 0.338 
                 0.167 
                 0.315 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 84% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 19% 
                 24% 
                 26% 
                 22% 
                 29% 
                 24% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0184 
                 0.0187 
                 0.0179 
                 0.0187 
                 0.177 
                 0.0187 
                 0.103 
                 0.0179 
                 0.0840 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 97% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                  9% 
                 24% 
                 10% 
                 24% 
                  9% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 15.6 
                 18.2 
                 16.5 
                 15.6 
                 18.2 
                 16.5 
                 15.6 
                 18.2 
                 16.5 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 40% 
                 21% 
                 39% 
                 42% 
                 46% 
                 42% 
                 51% 
                 35% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 20.7 
                 25.9 
                 21.9 
                 20.7 
                 25.9 
                 21.9 
                 20.7 
                 25.9 
                 21.9 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 11% 
                 32% 
                 31% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                 34% 
                 17% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 30.7 
                 39.8 
                 31.2 
                 30.7 
                 39.8 
                 31.2 
                 30.7 
                 39.8 
                 31.2 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                  5% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                 21% 
                 14% 
                  4% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.86 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
                 2.7 
                 1.2 
                 3.2 
                 0.83 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.62 
                 0.78 
                 1.0 
                 0.100 
                 0.062 
                 0.65 
                 0.089 
                 0.77 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 0.41 
                 0.55 
                 0.90 
                 0.95 
                 0.61 
                 0.84 
                 0.25 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.6 
                 3.3 
                 1.8 
                 3.4 
                 7.8 
                 2.2 
                 12 
                 2.8 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.79 
                 1.9 
                 0.95 
                 0.76 
                 1.4 
                 0.74 
                 2.8 
                 1.2 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.44 
                 0.17 
                 0.88 
                 0.46 
                 0.56 
                 0.38 
                 0.14 
                 0.78 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 0.75 
                 0.52 
                 0.37 
                 0.44 
                 0.37 
                 0.72 
                 0.39 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 5.0 
                 1.7 
                 1.6 
                 4.6 
                 1.5 
                 11 
                 3.6 
                 5.9 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 2.5 
                 2.5 
                 1.7 
                 5.9 
                 0.83 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.052 
                 0.45 
                 0.084 
                 0.0049 
                 0.091 
                 0.097 
                 0.0068 
                 0.77 
                 0.087 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.00 
                 0.54 
                 0.94 
                 1.3 
                 0.86 
                 0.91 
                 1.6 
                 0.25 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.1 
                 3.9 
                 2.9 
                 4.8 
                 7.3 
                 3.1 
                 21 
                 2.8 
                 7.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 2: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R) and in urine samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage I or F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5340 
                 10900 
                 5340 
                 9120 
                 5340 
                 5200 
               
               
                 Average 
                 8920 
                 12500 
                 8920 
                 11000 
                 8920 
                 9060 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8290 
                 8910 
                 8290 
                 8520 
                 8290 
                 8710 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 6.5E−5 
                   
                 0.018 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 75.9 
                 0.00873 
                 303 
                 0.00873 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 895 
                 99 
                 895 
                 102 
                 895 
                 57 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 374 
                 99 
                 374 
                 102 
                 374 
                 57 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 6050 
                 12100 
                 6050 
                 14400 
                 6050 
                 11200 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9720 
                 12000 
                 9720 
                 13300 
                 9720 
                 11700 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8640 
                 8770 
                 8640 
                 9680 
                 8640 
                 8390 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.035 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 110 
                 0.00873 
                 772 
                 0.00873 
                 174 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 27800 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1357 
                 20 
                 1357 
                 26 
                 1357 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 470 
                 20 
                 470 
                 26 
                 470 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5710 
                 10900 
                 5710 
                 8180 
                 5710 
                 4400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9470 
                 12500 
                 9470 
                 10200 
                 9470 
                 8210 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8660 
                 9100 
                 8660 
                 7920 
                 8660 
                 8360 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0017 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.32 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 75.9 
                 0.00873 
                 303 
                 0.00873 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 27300 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 962 
                 91 
                 962 
                 94 
                 962 
                 49 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 91 
                 367 
                 94 
                 367 
                 49 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.57 
                 0.60 
                 0.59 
                 0.60 
                 0.55 
                 0.50 
                 0.58 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.067 
                 0.033 
                 0.031 
                 0.059 
                 0.032 
                 0.040 
                 0.060 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 p 
                 9.1E−5 
                 0.28 
                 0.0015 
                 0.0051 
                 0.078 
                 0.12 
                 0.95 
                 0.19 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 99 
                 20 
                 91 
                 102 
                 26 
                 94 
                 57 
                 25 
                 49 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 5290 
                 4780 
                 4920 
                 4180 
                 4300 
                 4180 
                 2200 
                 6020 
                 2120 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 49% 
                 43% 
                 46% 
                 43% 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 24% 
                 50% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 3820 
                 3870 
                 4020 
                 2940 
                 3510 
                 2820 
                 1690 
                 3240 
                 1610 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 39% 
                 36% 
                 39% 
                 31% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
                 18% 
                 31% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1110 
                 1110 
                 1440 
                 2230 
                 1440 
                 2000 
                 989 
                 1680 
                 989 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 15% 
                 24% 
                 13% 
                 21% 
                 10% 
                 16% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 12000 
                 14500 
                 14000 
                 12000 
                 14500 
                 14000 
                 12000 
                 14500 
                 14000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 47% 
                 45% 
                 42% 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 28% 
                 32% 
                 40% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 18100 
                 19700 
                 19100 
                 18100 
                 19700 
                 19100 
                 18100 
                 19700 
                 19100 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                 25% 
                 36% 
                 23% 
                 35% 
                 16% 
                 21% 
                 28% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 20400 
                 22100 
                 22200 
                 20400 
                 22100 
                 22200 
                 20400 
                 22100 
                 22200 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 10% 
                 13% 
                 11% 
                 15% 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.1 
                 0.75 
                 1.2 
                 2.3 
                 1.00 
                 1.5 
                 0.86 
                 1.00 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.87 
                 0.70 
                 0.59 
                 0.017 
                 1.00 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 1.00 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.52 
                 0.17 
                 0.60 
                 1.2 
                 0.29 
                 0.76 
                 0.40 
                 0.25 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.2 
                 3.4 
                 2.5 
                 4.6 
                 3.5 
                 2.9 
                 1.8 
                 4.0 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 1.3 
                 1.7 
                 2.4 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 0.72 
                 2.5 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.082 
                 0.74 
                 0.14 
                 0.012 
                 0.77 
                 0.017 
                 0.42 
                 0.12 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.93 
                 0.33 
                 0.85 
                 1.2 
                 0.36 
                 1.1 
                 0.32 
                 0.79 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.4 
                 4.7 
                 3.2 
                 4.7 
                 4.0 
                 4.0 
                 1.6 
                 8.2 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 2.4 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 1.2 
                 1.8 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0015 
                 0.26 
                 0.0057 
                 0.0042 
                 0.20 
                 0.25 
                 0.59 
                 0.37 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.5 
                 0.60 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 0.68 
                 0.76 
                 0.60 
                 0.51 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.0 
                 6.8 
                 4.6 
                 5.2 
                 6.0 
                 2.9 
                 2.5 
                 6.1 
                 3.5 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11.6 
                 14.5 
                 11.6 
                 14.1 
                 11.6 
                 9.57 
               
               
                 Average 
                 41.8 
                 50.7 
                 41.8 
                 76.3 
                 41.8 
                 55.9 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 94.7 
                 102 
                 94.7 
                 179 
                 94.7 
                 149 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.0045 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 1.68 
                 0.000466 
                 1.61 
                 0.000466 
                 0.794 
               
               
                 Max 
                 789 
                 647 
                 789 
                 1370 
                 789 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 754 
                 78 
                 754 
                 86 
                 754 
                 42 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 298 
                 78 
                 298 
                 86 
                 298 
                 42 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.6 
                 27.8 
                 12.6 
                 18.2 
                 12.6 
                 13.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 45.4 
                 116 
                 45.4 
                 86.3 
                 45.4 
                 103 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 107 
                 182 
                 107 
                 117 
                 107 
                 218 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0067 
                   
                 0.072 
                   
                 0.028 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 3.69 
                 0.000466 
                 2.98 
                 0.000466 
                 2.01 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 647 
                 1370 
                 413 
                 1370 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1164 
                 18 
                 1164 
                 23 
                 1164 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 379 
                 18 
                 379 
                 23 
                 379 
                 18 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.0 
                 13.8 
                 12.0 
                 13.4 
                 12.0 
                 9.31 
               
               
                 Average 
                 48.1 
                 35.6 
                 48.1 
                 70.6 
                 48.1 
                 38.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 104 
                 51.2 
                 104 
                 182 
                 104 
                 76.2 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.089 
                   
                 0.57 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 1.68 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.794 
               
               
                 Max 
                 878 
                 301 
                 878 
                 1370 
                 878 
                 400 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 838 
                 70 
                 838 
                 80 
                 838 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 306 
                 70 
                 306 
                 80 
                 306 
                 36 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 0.67 
                 0.53 
                 0.56 
                 0.65 
                 0.52 
                 0.50 
                 0.54 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.035 
                 0.071 
                 0.036 
                 0.034 
                 0.063 
                 0.034 
                 0.046 
                 0.070 
                 0.050 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.048 
                 0.018 
                 0.39 
                 0.078 
                 0.019 
                 0.51 
                 0.92 
                 0.60 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 78 
                 18 
                 23 
                 42 
                 18 
                 70 
                 86 
                 80 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 8.30 
                 14.8 
                 8.19 
                 7.57 
                 14.0 
                 7.57 
                 7.08 
                 7.57 
                 6.86 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 38% 
                 55% 
                 36% 
                 35% 
                 53% 
                 34% 
                 32% 
                 31% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 6.34 
                 7.15 
                 5.86 
                 5.80 
                 10.8 
                 5.34 
                 5.18 
                 5.18 
                 4.93 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 26% 
                 43% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 3.72 
                 4.54 
                 3.66 
                 3.39 
                 6.96 
                 3.28 
                 3.66 
                 2.62 
                 3.49 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 14% 
                 14% 
                 28% 
                 12% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 22.1 
                 24.4 
                 23.7 
                 22.1 
                 24.4 
                 23.7 
                 22.1 
                 24.4 
                 23.7 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 56% 
                 33% 
                 35% 
                 39% 
                 32% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 37.2 
                 44.0 
                 43.1 
                 37.2 
                 44.0 
                 43.1 
                 37.2 
                 44.0 
                 43.1 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 39% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                 39% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 28% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 93.7 
                 99.5 
                 133 
                 93.7 
                 99.5 
                 133 
                 93.7 
                 99.5 
                 133 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 28% 
                  7% 
                 19% 
                 30% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 28% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.5 
                 1.00 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 0.94 
                 0.79 
                 1.2 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.29 
                 1.00 
                 0.37 
                 0.50 
                 0.42 
                 0.85 
                 0.63 
                 0.74 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 0.14 
                 0.68 
                 0.65 
                 0.36 
                 0.48 
                 0.31 
                 0.33 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.0 
                 7.1 
                 2.8 
                 2.5 
                 11 
                 1.8 
                 2.0 
                 4.7 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.4 
                 3.6 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 4.1 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 0.75 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.37 
                 0.12 
                 0.85 
                 0.50 
                 0.077 
                 0.87 
                 0.52 
                 0.70 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.68 
                 0.73 
                 0.51 
                 0.65 
                 0.86 
                 0.55 
                 0.57 
                 0.17 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.9 
                 17 
                 2.3 
                 2.5 
                 19 
                 2.0 
                 3.1 
                 3.4 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.9 
                 3.5 
                 1.6 
                 1.7 
                 4.6 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.068 
                 0.12 
                 0.17 
                 0.11 
                 0.052 
                 0.53 
                 0.82 
                 0.53 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.95 
                 0.73 
                 0.81 
                 0.88 
                 0.98 
                 0.65 
                 0.46 
                 0.42 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.8 
                 17 
                 3.3 
                 3.2 
                 21 
                 2.3 
                 2.7 
                 5.4 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 23.2 
                 27.7 
                 23.2 
                 35.1 
                 23.2 
                 31.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 54.1 
                 48.4 
                 54.1 
                 167 
                 54.1 
                 73.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 141 
                 61.9 
                 141 
                 527 
                 141 
                 176 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 2.8E−5 
                   
                 0.42 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00401 
                 1.75 
                 0.00401 
                 1.75 
                 0.00401 
                 0.00413 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 300 
                 1640 
                 3480 
                 1640 
                 1070 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 597 
                 69 
                 597 
                 76 
                 597 
                 38 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 279 
                 69 
                 279 
                 76 
                 279 
                 38 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.7 
                 64.2 
                 24.7 
                 42.6 
                 24.7 
                 66.6 
               
               
                 Average 
                 59.4 
                 91.9 
                 59.4 
                 165 
                 59.4 
                 94.2 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 165 
                 88.9 
                 165 
                 403 
                 165 
                 80.8 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.55 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 22.5 
                 0.00131 
                 6.70 
                 0.00131 
                 9.39 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2190 
                 289 
                 2190 
                 1710 
                 2190 
                 246 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 827 
                 9 
                 827 
                 17 
                 827 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 9 
                 352 
                 17 
                 352 
                 14 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.6 
                 27.7 
                 24.6 
                 33.2 
                 24.6 
                 26.6 
               
               
                 Average 
                 51.6 
                 44.1 
                 51.6 
                 150 
                 51.6 
                 121 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 125 
                 55.6 
                 125 
                 510 
                 125 
                 331 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 1.2E−4 
                   
                 0.0059 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 1.75 
                 0.00131 
                 1.75 
                 0.00131 
                 0.00413 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 300 
                 1640 
                 3480 
                 1640 
                 1710 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 604 
                 66 
                 604 
                 72 
                 604 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 66 
                 263 
                 72 
                 263 
                 35 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.54 
                 0.76 
                 0.51 
                 0.60 
                 0.69 
                 0.58 
                 0.54 
                 0.74 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.093 
                 0.038 
                 0.036 
                 0.072 
                 0.037 
                 0.049 
                 0.077 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.24 
                 0.0047 
                 0.69 
                 0.0080 
                 0.0072 
                 0.037 
                 0.42 
                 0.0014 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 69 
                 9 
                 66 
                 76 
                 17 
                 72 
                 38 
                 14 
                 35 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 17.1 
                 45.7 
                 15.5 
                 20.9 
                 35.3 
                 20.6 
                 15.1 
                 40.4 
                 15.1 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 38% 
                 71% 
                 33% 
                 46% 
                 63% 
                 44% 
                 34% 
                 67% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 12.3 
                 24.3 
                 11.6 
                 15.9 
                 32.4 
                 15.9 
                 10.6 
                 25.8 
                 11.5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 89% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 49% 
                 23% 
                 35% 
                 60% 
                 34% 
                 21% 
                 52% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6.31 
                 22.3 
                 6.31 
                 4.81 
                 14.6 
                 4.81 
                 5.07 
                 25.0 
                 5.07 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 46% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 31% 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                 51% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 42.8 
                 43.9 
                 43.9 
                 42.8 
                 43.9 
                 43.9 
                 42.8 
                 43.9 
                 43.9 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 78% 
                 29% 
                 39% 
                 47% 
                 36% 
                 42% 
                 57% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 53.8 
                 57.2 
                 55.2 
                 53.8 
                 57.2 
                 55.2 
                 53.8 
                 57.2 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 56% 
                 21% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 32% 
                 57% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 88.4 
                 96.9 
                 87.2 
                 88.4 
                 96.9 
                 87.2 
                 88.4 
                 96.9 
                 87.2 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 22% 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                 36% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 0.99 
                 0 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.85 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.86 
                 0.84 
                 1.0 
                 0.84 
                 0.99 
                 na 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.50 
                 0.49 
                 0.062 
                 0.49 
                 0.38 
                 na 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.4 
                 na 
                 2.3 
                 2.4 
                 16 
                 2.4 
                 2.6 
                 na 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.5 
                 2.0 
                 9.4 
                 1.7 
                 0.88 
                 5.1 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.11 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.28 
                 0.059 
                 0.035 
                 0.15 
                 0.79 
                 0.14 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.87 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.72 
                 0.97 
                 1.2 
                 0.82 
                 0.33 
                 0.59 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 37 
                 na 
                 3.1 
                 4.1 
                 75 
                 3.5 
                 2.3 
                 44 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.6 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 6.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.4 
                 8.2 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.21 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.58 
                 0.044 
                 0.094 
                 0.059 
                 0.51 
                 0.048 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.77 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.59 
                 1.0 
                 0.73 
                 0.97 
                 0.55 
                 1.0 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.3 
                 na 
                 2.6 
                 4.2 
                 52 
                 4.0 
                 3.3 
                 66 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.793 
                 1.51 
                 0.793 
                 1.46 
                 0.793 
                 1.46 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.42 
                 1.43 
                 1.42 
                 1.47 
                 1.42 
                 1.31 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.26 
                 1.58 
                 2.26 
                 1.91 
                 2.26 
                 1.22 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
               
               
                 Max 
                 27.4 
                 9.73 
                 27.4 
                 11.6 
                 27.4 
                 4.74 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 597 
                 69 
                 597 
                 76 
                 597 
                 38 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 279 
                 69 
                 279 
                 76 
                 279 
                 38 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.761 
                 2.17 
                 0.761 
                 1.56 
                 0.761 
                 1.72 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.40 
                 2.29 
                 1.40 
                 1.31 
                 1.40 
                 1.71 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.30 
                 1.19 
                 2.30 
                 1.13 
                 2.30 
                 1.74 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00352 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00246 
               
               
                 Max 
                 28.3 
                 3.74 
                 28.3 
                 3.65 
                 28.3 
                 5.61 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 827 
                 9 
                 827 
                 17 
                 827 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 9 
                 352 
                 17 
                 352 
                 14 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.793 
                 1.11 
                 0.793 
                 1.46 
                 0.793 
                 1.43 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.39 
                 1.31 
                 1.39 
                 1.55 
                 1.39 
                 1.26 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.08 
                 1.57 
                 2.08 
                 1.98 
                 2.08 
                 1.24 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00179 
               
               
                 Max 
                 27.4 
                 9.73 
                 27.4 
                 11.6 
                 27.4 
                 4.74 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 604 
                 66 
                 604 
                 72 
                 604 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 66 
                 263 
                 72 
                 263 
                 35 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.73 
                 0.50 
                 0.51 
                 0.55 
                 0.52 
                 0.53 
                 0.55 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.097 
                 0.038 
                 0.035 
                 0.073 
                 0.036 
                 0.049 
                 0.080 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.62 
                 0.018 
                 0.93 
                 0.80 
                 0.48 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
                 0.52 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
                 597 
                 827 
                 604 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 69 
                 9 
                 66 
                 76 
                 17 
                 72 
                 38 
                 14 
                 35 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0407 
                 1.97 
                 0.0305 
                 0.0407 
                 0.0522 
                 0.0435 
                 0.0742 
                 0.0209 
                 0.0522 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 27% 
                 73% 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00332 
                 1.10 
                 0.00332 
                 0.00342 
                 0.0178 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00332 
                 0.00342 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 89% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 85% 
                 87% 
                 86% 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 12% 
                 54% 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00184 
                 0.00332 
                 0.00184 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 95% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  3% 
                 14% 
                  3% 
                  9% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 78% 
                 30% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 26% 
                 44% 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 21% 
                 29% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                 12% 
                  6% 
                 14% 
                  5% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.55 
                 0 
                 0.83 
                 0.69 
                 0.50 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 0 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.13 
                 na 
                 0.61 
                 0.29 
                 0.42 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 na 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.25 
                 na 
                 0.41 
                 0.34 
                 0.090 
                 0.49 
                 0.36 
                 na 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 na 
                 1.7 
                 1.4 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 2.7 
                 na 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.88 
                 3.0 
                 0.60 
                 1.1 
                 1.8 
                 1.1 
                 1.8 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.72 
                 0.34 
                 0.19 
                 0.87 
                 0.37 
                 0.72 
                 0.20 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.44 
                 0.31 
                 0.28 
                 0.56 
                 0.51 
                 0.57 
                 0.74 
                 0.29 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.8 
                 29 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 6.2 
                 2.3 
                 4.4 
                 3.5 
                 3.6 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.2 
                 5.1 
                 1.0 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 0.99 
                 0.79 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.63 
                 0.14 
                 0.98 
                 0.60 
                 1.0 
                 0.72 
                 0.99 
                 0.73 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 0.59 
                 0.51 
                 0.43 
                 0.25 
                 0.57 
                 0.36 
                 0.21 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.3 
                 44 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
                 4.1 
                 2.3 
                 2.7 
                 3.0 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5250 
                 6510 
                 5250 
                 6350 
                 5250 
                 4000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17300 
                 18400 
                 17300 
                 18000 
                 17300 
                 12000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 31000 
                 35100 
                 31000 
                 27900 
                 31000 
                 22800 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.83 
                   
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 444 
                 0.0130 
                 957 
                 0.0130 
                 261 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 148000 
                 238000 
                 149000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 895 
                 99 
                 895 
                 102 
                 895 
                 57 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 374 
                 99 
                 374 
                 102 
                 374 
                 57 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5530 
                 11500 
                 5530 
                 7760 
                 5530 
                 6440 
               
               
                 Average 
                 16600 
                 39800 
                 16600 
                 22500 
                 16600 
                 22000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 28500 
                 63800 
                 28500 
                 27900 
                 28500 
                 35100 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 4.4E−4 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.35 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 104 
                 0.0130 
                 930 
                 0.0130 
                 876 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 110000 
                 238000 
                 149000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1357 
                 20 
                 1357 
                 26 
                 1357 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 470 
                 20 
                 470 
                 26 
                 470 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 5760 
                 6270 
                 5760 
                 6310 
                 5760 
                 4060 
               
               
                 Average 
                 18700 
                 15800 
                 18700 
                 16800 
                 18700 
                 10300 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 32100 
                 28700 
                 32100 
                 28100 
                 32100 
                 14800 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.066 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 444 
                 0.0130 
                 957 
                 0.0130 
                 261 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 190000 
                 238000 
                 148000 
                 238000 
                 62900 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 962 
                 91 
                 962 
                 94 
                 962 
                 49 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 91 
                 367 
                 94 
                 367 
                 49 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 0.64 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.60 
                 0.53 
                 0.45 
                 0.53 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.067 
                 0.032 
                 0.031 
                 0.059 
                 0.032 
                 0.040 
                 0.059 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.025 
                 0.031 
                 0.31 
                 0.024 
                 0.11 
                 0.32 
                 0.24 
                 0.56 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 99 
                 20 
                 91 
                 102 
                 26 
                 94 
                 57 
                 25 
                 49 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 4740 
                 6440 
                 4710 
                 4190 
                 4220 
                 4410 
                 2670 
                 3180 
                 2670 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 56% 
                 44% 
                 43% 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 3990 
                 4110 
                 3970 
                 3180 
                 3340 
                 3100 
                 2090 
                 2550 
                 1890 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 39% 
                 38% 
                 32% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 19% 
                 22% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 2150 
                 3120 
                 2150 
                 2480 
                 2420 
                 2120 
                 1290 
                 1290 
                 1290 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 19% 
                 29% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 21% 
                 17% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 10700 
                 11500 
                 12800 
                 10700 
                 11500 
                 12800 
                 10700 
                 11500 
                 12800 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 31% 
                 50% 
                 27% 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
                 36% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 22400 
                 22100 
                 26200 
                 22400 
                 22100 
                 26200 
                 22400 
                 22100 
                 26200 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 19% 
                 35% 
                 14% 
                 20% 
                 38% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
                 24% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 48800 
                 45900 
                 51900 
                 48800 
                 45900 
                 51900 
                 48800 
                 45900 
                 51900 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 25% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
                 15% 
                 10% 
                  4% 
                 16% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.6 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 3.4 
                 2.4 
                 2.8 
                 1.4 
                 0.83 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0074 
                 0.42 
                 0.038 
                 6.2E−4 
                 0.22 
                 0.0035 
                 0.40 
                 0.76 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.3 
                 0.37 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
                 0.60 
                 1.4 
                 0.62 
                 0.25 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.2 
                 11 
                 4.0 
                 6.9 
                 9.2 
                 5.6 
                 3.3 
                 2.7 
                 3.5 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.8 
                 2.5 
                 2.3 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 2.7 
                 1.9 
                 0.83 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0034 
                 0.27 
                 0.014 
                 0.0061 
                 0.33 
                 0.0051 
                 0.12 
                 0.76 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.4 
                 0.49 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 0.50 
                 1.3 
                 0.84 
                 0.25 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.6 
                 13 
                 4.4 
                 5.6 
                 8.1 
                 5.4 
                 4.1 
                 2.7 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.4 
                 4.6 
                 1.5 
                 2.8 
                 3.4 
                 1.8 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.015 
                 0.053 
                 0.29 
                 0.0044 
                 0.065 
                 0.11 
                 0.31 
                 0.44 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 0.98 
                 0.72 
                 1.4 
                 0.93 
                 0.87 
                 0.67 
                 0.53 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.8 
                 21 
                 3.0 
                 5.8 
                 12 
                 3.8 
                 3.5 
                 4.3 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.20 
                 4.21 
                 3.20 
                 5.03 
                 3.20 
                 2.79 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.72 
                 5.80 
                 5.72 
                 8.53 
                 5.72 
                 5.54 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 13.2 
                 5.24 
                 13.2 
                 12.4 
                 13.2 
                 8.89 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.96 
                   
                 0.088 
                   
                 0.94 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0298 
                 0.235 
                 0.0298 
                 0.00189 
                 0.0298 
                 0.000104 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 31.4 
                 279 
                 81.9 
                 279 
                 43.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 581 
                 67 
                 581 
                 72 
                 581 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 276 
                 67 
                 276 
                 72 
                 276 
                 35 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.45 
                 4.45 
                 3.45 
                 5.98 
                 3.45 
                 4.31 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.39 
                 6.33 
                 6.39 
                 8.93 
                 6.39 
                 5.53 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 13.2 
                 5.02 
                 13.2 
                 12.7 
                 13.2 
                 3.77 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.81 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000104 
                 0.847 
                 0.000104 
                 1.11 
                 0.000104 
                 0.667 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 16.5 
                 279 
                 57.1 
                 279 
                 15.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 801 
                 9 
                 801 
                 17 
                 801 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 349 
                 9 
                 349 
                 17 
                 349 
                 13 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.35 
                 3.67 
                 3.35 
                 4.63 
                 3.35 
                 2.79 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.95 
                 5.55 
                 5.95 
                 7.97 
                 5.95 
                 7.04 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 13.4 
                 5.21 
                 13.4 
                 11.4 
                 13.4 
                 12.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000201 
                 0.235 
                 0.000201 
                 0.00189 
                 0.000201 
                 0.000104 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 31.4 
                 279 
                 81.9 
                 279 
                 57.1 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 585 
                 64 
                 585 
                 68 
                 585 
                 33 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 260 
                 64 
                 260 
                 68 
                 260 
                 33 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 0.60 
                 0.56 
                 0.61 
                 0.65 
                 0.58 
                 0.45 
                 0.59 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.038 
                 0.10 
                 0.039 
                 0.037 
                 0.073 
                 0.038 
                 0.052 
                 0.084 
                 0.053 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.021 
                 0.31 
                 0.16 
                 0.0029 
                 0.041 
                 0.026 
                 0.29 
                 0.27 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 581 
                 801 
                 585 
                 581 
                 801 
                 585 
                 581 
                 801 
                 585 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 67 
                 9 
                 64 
                 72 
                 17 
                 68 
                 35 
                 13 
                 33 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.56 
                 3.18 
                 2.37 
                 2.85 
                 5.23 
                 2.64 
                 1.37 
                 3.39 
                 1.37 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 78% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 47% 
                 37% 
                 46% 
                 66% 
                 41% 
                 22% 
                 49% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2.17 
                 3.15 
                 1.88 
                 1.86 
                 2.56 
                 1.80 
                 0.806 
                 2.95 
                 0.806 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 37% 
                 47% 
                 31% 
                 32% 
                 39% 
                 29% 
                 12% 
                 44% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.76 
                 0.840 
                 1.57 
                 0.750 
                 1.68 
                 0.709 
                 0.367 
                 2.22 
                 0.367 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 30% 
                 12% 
                 25% 
                 11% 
                 26% 
                  9% 
                  4% 
                 35% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.47 
                 6.00 
                 5.71 
                 5.47 
                 6.00 
                 5.71 
                 5.47 
                 6.00 
                 5.71 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 37% 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 46% 
                 47% 
                 41% 
                 26% 
                 38% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 7.36 
                 8.53 
                 7.77 
                 7.36 
                 8.53 
                 7.77 
                 7.36 
                 8.53 
                 7.77 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 24% 
                 33% 
                 22% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 15% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 12.1 
                 13.6 
                 12.5 
                 12.1 
                 13.6 
                 12.5 
                 12.1 
                 13.6 
                 12.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                 19% 
                  6% 
                 21% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.9 
                 2.0 
                 3.3 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                 0.84 
                 0.65 
                 3.0 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.0046 
                 0.57 
                 0.0082 
                 1.0 
                 0.34 
                 0.67 
                 0.43 
                 0.34 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.5 
                 0.18 
                 1.4 
                 0.42 
                 0.31 
                 0.36 
                 0.23 
                 0.31 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 9.9 
                 22 
                 8.0 
                 2.4 
                 29 
                 1.9 
                 1.9 
                 29 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.5 
                 3.0 
                 2.9 
                 2.0 
                 8.3 
                 1.4 
                 0.88 
                 5.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.010 
                 0.34 
                 0.018 
                 0.067 
                 0.047 
                 0.35 
                 0.80 
                 0.14 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.3 
                 0.31 
                 1.2 
                 0.95 
                 1.0 
                 0.68 
                 0.33 
                 0.59 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 8.9 
                 29 
                 7.2 
                 4.4 
                 67 
                 3.0 
                 2.4 
                 44 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.9 
                 3.0 
                 2.6 
                 3.0 
                 5.1 
                 2.2 
                 1.4 
                 4.0 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0046 
                 0.34 
                 0.041 
                 0.0036 
                 0.14 
                 0.031 
                 0.50 
                 0.21 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.5 
                 0.31 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
                 0.59 
                 1.1 
                 0.56 
                 0.45 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 9.9 
                 29 
                 6.4 
                 6.2 
                 44 
                 4.4 
                 3.3 
                 36 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 1 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 854 
                 754 
                 854 
                 729 
                 854 
                 595 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1230 
                 1000 
                 1230 
                 1140 
                 1230 
                 1060 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1510 
                 922 
                 1510 
                 1170 
                 1510 
                 1420 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.41 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 28.3 
                 0.00328 
                 8.50 
                 0.00328 
                 13.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 5510 
                 16700 
                 6000 
                 16700 
                 7750 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 895 
                 99 
                 895 
                 101 
                 895 
                 57 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 374 
                 99 
                 374 
                 101 
                 374 
                 57 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 847 
                 536 
                 847 
                 545 
                 847 
                 289 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1220 
                 631 
                 1220 
                 851 
                 1220 
                 664 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1460 
                 445 
                 1460 
                 753 
                 1460 
                 802 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.069 
                   
                 0.20 
                   
                 0.055 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 70.1 
                 0.00328 
                 90.5 
                 0.00328 
                 1.77 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 1870 
                 16700 
                 2920 
                 16700 
                 3380 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1357 
                 20 
                 1357 
                 25 
                 1357 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 470 
                 20 
                 470 
                 25 
                 470 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 834 
                 846 
                 834 
                 797 
                 834 
                 670 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1200 
                 1040 
                 1200 
                 1170 
                 1200 
                 1140 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1490 
                 941 
                 1490 
                 1190 
                 1490 
                 1470 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 28.3 
                 0.00328 
                 8.50 
                 0.00328 
                 13.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 5510 
                 16700 
                 6000 
                 16700 
                 7750 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 961 
                 91 
                 961 
                 94 
                 961 
                 49 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 91 
                 367 
                 94 
                 367 
                 49 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.37 
                 0.49 
                 0.49 
                 0.43 
                 0.50 
                 0.43 
                 0.33 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.067 
                 0.032 
                 0.030 
                 0.060 
                 0.031 
                 0.041 
                 0.060 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.35 
                 0.055 
                 0.79 
                 0.75 
                 0.24 
                 0.98 
                 0.10 
                 0.0043 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 961 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 961 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 961 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 99 
                 20 
                 91 
                 101 
                 25 
                 94 
                 57 
                 25 
                 49 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 444 
                 403 
                 454 
                 467 
                 294 
                 467 
                 318 
                 169 
                 401 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                 31% 
                 20% 
                 31% 
                 22% 
                 12% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 249 
                 242 
                 280 
                 359 
                 247 
                 359 
                 192 
                 77.7 
                 287 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 24% 
                 13% 
                  6% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 161 
                 187 
                 173 
                 169 
                 110 
                 152 
                 61.5 
                 34.6 
                 77.7 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                 13% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                  3% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1390 
                 1400 
                 1340 
                 1390 
                 1400 
                 1340 
                 1390 
                 1400 
                 1340 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                  5% 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1750 
                 1780 
                 1720 
                 1750 
                 1780 
                 1720 
                 1750 
                 1780 
                 1720 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 16% 
                  5% 
                 16% 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2490 
                 2520 
                 2450 
                 2490 
                 2520 
                 2450 
                 2490 
                 2520 
                 2450 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                  4% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                  4% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 5.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 2.5 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.14 
                 0.17 
                 1.0 
                 1.00 
                 0.29 
                 0.52 
                 0.27 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.76 
                 0.59 
                 0.83 
                 0.55 
                 0.29 
                 0.76 
                 0.57 
                 0.49 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.6 
                 44 
                 2.8 
                 1.8 
                 3.5 
                 2.5 
                 3.1 
                 13 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 8.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 2.5 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 0.048 
                 0.87 
                 0.32 
                 0.56 
                 0.44 
                 0.40 
                 0.27 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
                 0.55 
                 0.76 
                 0.44 
                 0.69 
                 0.62 
                 0.49 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 2.8 
                 66 
                 2.0 
                 2.3 
                 4.5 
                 2.3 
                 3.3 
                 13 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.4 
                 6.1 
                 1.3 
                 0.91 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 2.1 
                 6.7 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.095 
                 0.43 
                 0.76 
                 0.40 
                 0.76 
                 0.064 
                 0.012 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.76 
                 0.73 
                 0.69 
                 0.50 
                 0.52 
                 0.59 
                 0.96 
                 1.5 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 2.6 
                 51 
                 2.4 
                 1.7 
                 5.0 
                 2.1 
                 4.6 
                 30 
                 2.9 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.75E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 3.44E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.58E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00393 
                 0.0150 
                 0.00393 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00393 
                 0.00519 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0267 
                 0.116 
                 0.0267 
                 0.0885 
                 0.0267 
                 0.0298 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.033 
                   
                  4.9E−4 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.476 
                 1.02 
                 0.476 
                 0.560 
                 0.476 
                 0.193 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 754 
                 78 
                 754 
                 86 
                 754 
                 42 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 298 
                 78 
                 298 
                 86 
                 298 
                 42 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.96E−5 
                 3.28E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.63E−5 
                 2.96E−5 
                 2.66E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00514 
                 0.0622 
                 0.00514 
                 0.0258 
                 0.00514 
                 0.000233 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0328 
                 0.240 
                 0.0328 
                 0.116 
                 0.0328 
                 0.000850 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 3.9E−8 
                   
                 0.0068 
                   
                 0.53 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 7.53E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.476 
                 1.02 
                 0.476 
                 0.560 
                 0.476 
                 0.00364 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1164 
                 18 
                 1164 
                 23 
                 1164 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 379 
                 18 
                 379 
                 23 
                 379 
                 18 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 3.44E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.58E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00941 
                 0.0153 
                 0.00941 
                 0.0138 
                 0.00941 
                 0.00595 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0925 
                 0.122 
                 0.0925 
                 0.0684 
                 0.0925 
                 0.0321 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.62 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.28 
                 1.02 
                 2.28 
                 0.470 
                 2.28 
                 0.193 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 838 
                 70 
                 838 
                 80 
                 838 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 306 
                 70 
                 306 
                 80 
                 306 
                 36 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.54 
                 0.47 
                 0.55 
                 0.50 
                 0.57 
                 0.43 
                 0.41 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.035 
                 0.070 
                 0.036 
                 0.034 
                 0.061 
                 0.035 
                 0.047 
                 0.071 
                 0.050 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.53 
                 0.54 
                 0.41 
                 0.12 
                 0.98 
                 0.055 
                 0.12 
                 0.22 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 78 
                 18 
                 70 
                 86 
                 23 
                 80 
                 42 
                 18 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 78% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 72% 
                 76% 
                 72% 
                 75% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                 28% 
                 34% 
                 20% 
                 35% 
                 23% 
                 28% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 89% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 87% 
                 81% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 15% 
                 17% 
                 20% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 24% 
                 15% 
                 24% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.34E−5 
                 7.53E−6 
                 1.34E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.66E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.34E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.34E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 95% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                 15% 
                 13% 
                 16% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 22% 
                 39% 
                 21% 
                 35% 
                 35% 
                 41% 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.000168 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000168 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000168 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 15% 
                 33% 
                 16% 
                 27% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.00325 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00325 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00325 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 28% 
                  9% 
                 14% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 0.49 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 0.28 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 0.32 
                 0.20 
                 0.74 
                 0.12 
                 0.73 
                 0.59 
                 0.65 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.53 
                 0.12 
                 0.78 
                 0.58 
                 0.058 
                 0.56 
                 0.46 
                 0.25 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 3.5 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 2.3 
                 4.0 
                 9.1 
                 4.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 0.33 
                 1.8 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 2.6 
                 5.1 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 0.18 
                 0.11 
                 0.87 
                 1.0 
                 0.86 
                 0.051 
                 0.036 
                 0.22 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.72 
                 0.066 
                 0.88 
                 0.55 
                 0.35 
                 0.53 
                 1.00 
                 1.1 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 2.7 
                 1.6 
                 3.8 
                 2.0 
                 2.9 
                 2.2 
                 6.9 
                 24 
                 5.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 1.5 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 1.9 
                 2.2 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 0.78 
                 0.26 
                 0.27 
                 0.99 
                 0.046 
                 0.11 
                 0.65 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.61 
                 0.39 
                 0.73 
                 0.76 
                 0.35 
                 1.0 
                 0.84 
                 0.25 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 2.4 
                 3.5 
                 3.3 
                 2.7 
                 2.9 
                 3.6 
                 6.0 
                 9.1 
                 4.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0141 
                 0.0142 
                 0.0141 
                 0.0159 
                 0.0141 
                 0.0141 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.134 
                 0.189 
                 0.134 
                 0.264 
                 0.134 
                 0.113 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.490 
                 0.614 
                 0.490 
                 0.778 
                 0.490 
                 0.249 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.36 
                   
                 0.031 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.000186 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 4.66 
                 8.92 
                 4.47 
                 8.92 
                 1.05 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 754 
                 78 
                 754 
                 86 
                 754 
                 42 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 298 
                 78 
                 298 
                 86 
                 298 
                 42 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0143 
                 0.0158 
                 0.0143 
                 0.0371 
                 0.0143 
                 0.0137 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.157 
                 0.352 
                 0.157 
                 0.217 
                 0.157 
                 0.133 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.510 
                 1.09 
                 0.510 
                 0.706 
                 0.510 
                 0.209 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.00163 
                 1.14E−9 
                 7.54E−8 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.000952 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 4.66 
                 8.92 
                 3.42 
                 8.92 
                 0.635 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1164 
                 18 
                 1164 
                 23 
                 1164 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 379 
                 18 
                 379 
                 23 
                 379 
                 18 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0134 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0146 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0141 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.183 
                 0.131 
                 0.183 
                 0.235 
                 0.183 
                 0.0928 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.639 
                 0.352 
                 0.639 
                 0.722 
                 0.639 
                 0.237 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.40 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.000186 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 2.40 
                 8.92 
                 4.47 
                 8.92 
                 1.05 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 838 
                 70 
                 838 
                 80 
                 838 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 306 
                 70 
                 306 
                 80 
                 306 
                 36 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.55 
                 0.49 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
                 0.51 
                 0.49 
                 0.54 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.035 
                 0.070 
                 0.036 
                 0.033 
                 0.063 
                 0.034 
                 0.046 
                 0.070 
                 0.050 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.71 
                 0.48 
                 0.79 
                 0.31 
                 0.086 
                 0.77 
                 0.81 
                 0.60 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
                 754 
                 1164 
                 838 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 78 
                 18 
                 70 
                 86 
                 23 
                 80 
                 42 
                 18 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00681 
                 0.00693 
                 0.00611 
                 0.00657 
                 0.0157 
                 0.00657 
                 0.00752 
                 0.00639 
                 0.00324 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 34% 
                 33% 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 53% 
                 32% 
                 35% 
                 31% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00435 
                 0.00618 
                 0.00378 
                 0.00479 
                 0.00811 
                 0.00481 
                 0.00254 
                 0.00583 
                 0.00204 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 21% 
                 26% 
                 36% 
                 25% 
                 16% 
                 29% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00151 
                 0.00338 
                 0.00151 
                 0.00123 
                 0.00124 
                 0.00198 
                 0.00105 
                 0.00254 
                 0.000965 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 19% 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0343 
                 0.0360 
                 0.0369 
                 0.0343 
                 0.0360 
                 0.0369 
                 0.0343 
                 0.0360 
                 0.0369 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 38% 
                 57% 
                 34% 
                 29% 
                 39% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0695 
                 0.0887 
                 0.0945 
                 0.0695 
                 0.0887 
                 0.0945 
                 0.0695 
                 0.0887 
                 0.0945 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 21% 
                 24% 
                 22% 
                 24% 
                 19% 
                 28% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.295 
                 0.363 
                 0.416 
                 0.295 
                 0.363 
                 0.416 
                 0.295 
                 0.363 
                 0.416 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 17% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 0.88 
                 1.4 
                 0.49 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.48 
                 0.72 
                 0.32 
                 0.42 
                 0.19 
                 0.82 
                 0.33 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.76 
                 0.40 
                 0.44 
                 0.72 
                 0.090 
                 0.80 
                 0.46 
                 0.50 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.9 
                 7.1 
                 1.8 
                 2.7 
                 2.7 
                 3.0 
                 2.7 
                 8.1 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.1 
                 1.1 
                 2.0 
                 0.93 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.60 
                 0.70 
                 0.86 
                 0.73 
                 0.25 
                 0.85 
                 1.0 
                 0.70 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.60 
                 0.30 
                 0.54 
                 0.57 
                 0.60 
                 0.45 
                 0.41 
                 0.30 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 2.4 
                 6.0 
                 2.1 
                 2.2 
                 6.8 
                 1.9 
                 2.5 
                 6.0 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 0.94 
                 1.7 
                 2.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 1.7 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 0.33 
                 0.86 
                 0.11 
                 0.17 
                 0.15 
                 0.82 
                 0.48 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.64 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.88 
                 0.69 
                 0.84 
                 0.46 
                 0.40 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 2.5 
                 8.1 
                 1.9 
                 3.2 
                 7.5 
                 3.1 
                 2.7 
                 7.1 
                 4.2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1240 
                 1920 
                 1240 
                 1530 
                 1240 
                 1120 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1930 
                 2680 
                 1930 
                 4030 
                 1930 
                 1970 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2780 
                 2580 
                 2780 
                 10600 
                 2780 
                 3040 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.011 
                   
                 2.9E−6 
                   
                 0.92 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 66.6 
                 0.0376 
                 108 
                 0.0376 
                 14.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 45800 
                 11900 
                 45800 
                 80100 
                 45800 
                 19700 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 895 
                 99 
                 895 
                 102 
                 895 
                 57 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 374 
                 99 
                 374 
                 102 
                 374 
                 57 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1370 
                 1810 
                 1370 
                 1520 
                 1370 
                 1280 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2310 
                 3240 
                 2310 
                 5550 
                 2310 
                 1900 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3600 
                 2910 
                 3600 
                 15400 
                 3600 
                 1810 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 7.9E−5 
                   
                 0.57 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 227 
                 0.0376 
                 174 
                 0.0376 
                 201 
               
               
                 Max 
                 68100 
                 8700 
                 68100 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 7000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1357 
                 20 
                 1357 
                 26 
                 1357 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 470 
                 20 
                 470 
                 26 
                 470 
                 25 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1280 
                 1860 
                 1280 
                 1570 
                 1280 
                 1160 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2140 
                 2550 
                 2140 
                 3340 
                 2140 
                 2160 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3830 
                 2460 
                 3830 
                 7570 
                 3830 
                 3300 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.010 
                   
                 0.98 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 66.6 
                 0.0376 
                 108 
                 0.0376 
                 14.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 80100 
                 11900 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 80100 
                 19700 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 962 
                 91 
                 962 
                 94 
                 962 
                 49 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 91 
                 367 
                 94 
                 367 
                 49 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 0.62 
                 0.57 
                 0.57 
                 0.57 
                 0.56 
                 0.47 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.031 
                 0.068 
                 0.032 
                 0.031 
                 0.059 
                 0.032 
                 0.040 
                 0.059 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0029 
                 0.064 
                 0.032 
                 0.030 
                 0.21 
                 0.083 
                 0.40 
                 0.87 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
                 895 
                 1357 
                 962 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 99 
                 20 
                 91 
                 102 
                 26 
                 94 
                 57 
                 25 
                 49 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 899 
                 1380 
                 899 
                 799 
                 1020 
                 799 
                 575 
                 679 
                 541 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 37% 
                 51% 
                 35% 
                 34% 
                 39% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 612 
                 878 
                 612 
                 501 
                 686 
                 498 
                 450 
                 589 
                 450 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 24% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 293 
                 831 
                 332 
                 348 
                 275 
                 353 
                 214 
                 354 
                 191 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 32% 
                 11% 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 13% 
                  7% 
                 13% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2000 
                 2300 
                 2070 
                 2000 
                 2300 
                 2070 
                 2000 
                 2300 
                 2070 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 40% 
                 48% 
                 41% 
                 35% 
                 44% 
                 25% 
                 24% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2680 
                 3160 
                 2840 
                 2680 
                 3160 
                 2840 
                 2680 
                 3160 
                 2840 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                 35% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 35% 
                 32% 
                 21% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4110 
                 4870 
                 4360 
                 4110 
                 4870 
                 4360 
                 4110 
                 4870 
                 4360 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                 16% 
                 20% 
                 19% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.00 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.55 
                 1.8 
                 0.62 
                 0.92 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 0.42 
                 1.0 
                 0.076 
                 0.37 
                 0.15 
                 0.84 
                 0.77 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.52 
                 0.37 
                 0.52 
                 0.28 
                 0.51 
                 0.32 
                 0.41 
                 0.25 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 1.9 
                 11 
                 1.9 
                 1.1 
                 6.1 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 2.8 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.95 
                 3.6 
                 0.84 
                 0.96 
                 1.5 
                 0.74 
                 1.0 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.87 
                 0.12 
                 0.61 
                 0.88 
                 0.53 
                 0.35 
                 1.0 
                 0.78 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.49 
                 0.73 
                 0.43 
                 0.54 
                 0.42 
                 0.40 
                 0.45 
                 0.39 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 1.8 
                 17 
                 1.6 
                 1.7 
                 5.4 
                 1.4 
                 2.2 
                 3.5 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.2 
                 3.5 
                 1.8 
                 1.4 
                 2.3 
                 1.4 
                 1.5 
                 1.2 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0072 
                 0.12 
                 0.048 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
                 0.22 
                 0.27 
                 0.78 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 1.2 
                 0.73 
                 1.0 
                 0.84 
                 0.69 
                 0.82 
                 0.72 
                 0.39 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 3.9 
                 17 
                 3.2 
                 2.5 
                 7.5 
                 2.4 
                 3.1 
                 3.5 
                 3.3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.3 
                 12.5 
                 10.3 
                 10.6 
                 10.3 
                 0.452 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17.8 
                 18.7 
                 17.8 
                 126 
                 17.8 
                 22.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 47.1 
                 20.2 
                 47.1 
                 866 
                 47.1 
                 56.8 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.0025 
                   
                 0.59 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 91.5 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 317 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 597 
                 69 
                 597 
                 76 
                 597 
                 37 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 279 
                 69 
                 279 
                 76 
                 279 
                 37 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.6 
                 0.452 
                 10.6 
                 20.6 
                 10.6 
                 0.397 
               
               
                 Average 
                 28.3 
                 5.80 
                 28.3 
                 21.0 
                 28.3 
                 12.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 266 
                 10.5 
                 266 
                 18.3 
                 266 
                 17.3 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.80 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0132 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 7540 
                 31.7 
                 7540 
                 72.0 
                 7540 
                 50.9 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 826 
                 9 
                 826 
                 17 
                 826 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 9 
                 352 
                 17 
                 352 
                 14 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.6 
                 12.5 
                 10.6 
                 9.71 
                 10.6 
                 2.31 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17.7 
                 19.1 
                 17.7 
                 131 
                 17.7 
                 25.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 46.7 
                 20.3 
                 46.7 
                 890 
                 46.7 
                 58.7 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.0019 
                   
                 0.38 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 91.5 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 317 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 604 
                 66 
                 604 
                 72 
                 604 
                 34 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 66 
                 263 
                 72 
                 263 
                 34 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.31 
                 0.56 
                 0.54 
                 0.62 
                 0.52 
                 0.43 
                 0.43 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.099 
                 0.038 
                 0.036 
                 0.073 
                 0.036 
                 0.050 
                 0.080 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.20 
                 0.054 
                 0.12 
                 0.33 
                 0.10 
                 0.63 
                 0.19 
                 0.41 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 597 
                 826 
                 604 
                 597 
                 826 
                 604 
                 597 
                 826 
                 604 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 69 
                 9 
                 66 
                 76 
                 17 
                 72 
                 37 
                 14 
                 34 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.533 
                 0.0187 
                 4.89 
                 1.39 
                 10.0 
                 0.338 
                 0.117 
                 0.315 
                 0.315 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 10% 
                 38% 
                 32% 
                 49% 
                 28% 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.117 
                 0.00398 
                 0.315 
                 0.117 
                 5.43 
                 0.0748 
                 0.0208 
                 0.0187 
                 0.103 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 100%  
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                  2% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
                 40% 
                 18% 
                 14% 
                 10% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0132 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0132 
                 0.0190 
                 0.338 
                 0.0187 
                 0.0179 
                 0.0184 
                 0.0179 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 95% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 3% 
                  2% 
                  4% 
                 12% 
                 29% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 17.2 
                 19.3 
                 18.0 
                 17.2 
                 19.3 
                 18.0 
                 17.2 
                 19.3 
                 18.0 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 11% 
                 41% 
                 37% 
                 53% 
                 35% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 25.6 
                 28.1 
                 25.8 
                 25.6 
                 28.1 
                 25.8 
                 25.6 
                 28.1 
                 25.8 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 11% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
                 24% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                 21% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 39.2 
                 43.5 
                 38.4 
                 39.2 
                 43.5 
                 38.4 
                 39.2 
                 43.5 
                 38.4 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                  6% 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                  7% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 0 
                 1.2 
                 1.5 
                 5.1 
                 1.1 
                 0.75 
                 0.25 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 na 
                 0.69 
                 0.23 
                 0.14 
                 0.86 
                 0.59 
                 0.21 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.50 
                 na 
                 0.53 
                 0.77 
                 0.59 
                 0.54 
                 0.25 
                 0.027 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.3 
                 na 
                 2.6 
                 3.1 
                 44 
                 2.1 
                 2.2 
                 2.2 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.1 
                 4.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 5.1 
                 0.88 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.85 
                 0.21 
                 0.43 
                 0.58 
                 0.14 
                 0.72 
                 0.63 
                 0.74 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.50 
                 0.45 
                 0.63 
                 0.60 
                 0.59 
                 0.43 
                 0.49 
                 0.33 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 2.3 
                 37 
                 3.0 
                 2.5 
                 44 
                 1.8 
                 3.3 
                 4.7 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.9 
                 4.1 
                 2.2 
                 1.4 
                 6.1 
                 1.1 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.067 
                 0.21 
                 0.039 
                 0.30 
                 0.095 
                 0.86 
                 0.26 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.96 
                 0.45 
                 1.0 
                 0.72 
                 0.73 
                 0.54 
                 0.68 
                 0.25 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 3.8 
                 37 
                 4.5 
                 2.9 
                 51 
                 2.1 
                 4.2 
                 4.1 
                 2.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 3: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected within 12 hours of reaching stage R from Cohort 1 (patients that reached, but did not progress beyond, RIFLE stage R) and from Cohort 2 (patients that reached RIFLE stage I or F). 
     Angiopoietin-related protein 4 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11.6 
                 10.1 
                 15.0 
                 40.4 
                 10.9 
                 9.76 
               
               
                 Average 
                 39.6 
                 39.3 
                 49.2 
                 70.6 
                 36.1 
                 43.8 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 103 
                 85.6 
                 104 
                 83.2 
                 93.4 
                 101 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.59 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 1.12 
                 0.577 
                 5.74 
                 0.000466 
                 0.00194 
               
               
                 Max 
                 789 
                 645 
                 624 
                 276 
                 789 
                 645 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.66 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.080 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.72 
                 0.045 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 128 
                 41 
                 115 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 85 
                 18 
                 73 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 6.86 
                 12.5 
                 6.65 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 46% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 4.68 
                 10.1 
                 4.43 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 39% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 3.17 
                 5.81 
                 2.85 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 24% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 21.9 
                 35.2 
                 17.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 34% 
                 61% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 35.2 
                 55.4 
                 28.9 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 39% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 77.4 
                 83.9 
                 65.2 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 22% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.93 
                 1.3 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.84 
                 0.74 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.43 
                 0.24 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.0 
                 7.4 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.62 
                 1.3 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.23 
                 0.74 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.28 
                 0.24 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 7.4 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.97 
                 3.2 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.93 
                 0.16 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.45 
                 0.63 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 2.1 
                 16 
                 2.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 25.7 
                 30.6 
                 32.9 
                 80.6 
                 24.8 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 60.4 
                 121 
                 69.1 
                 481 
                 54.7 
                 39.6 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 164 
                 467 
                 93.8 
                 1010 
                 170 
                 40.2 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.21 
                   
                 0.011 
                   
                 0.52 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.21 
                 0.00389 
                 6.31 
                 9.15 
                 1.21 
                 0.00389 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 3480 
                 426 
                 3480 
                 1640 
                 211 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 113 
                 67 
                 41 
                 13 
                 96 
                 54 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 113 
                 67 
                 41 
                 13 
                 96 
                 54 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.69 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.045 
                 0.090 
                 0.049 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.59 
                 0.031 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 113 
                 41 
                 96 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 67 
                 13 
                 54 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 16.3 
                 37.8 
                 16.8 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 61% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 12.2 
                 28.1 
                 14.0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 46% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 9.94 
                 9.15 
                 10.5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 42.2 
                 59.5 
                 42.2 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 31% 
                 62% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 56.0 
                 82.1 
                 50.9 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 22% 
                 46% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 96.9 
                 189 
                 72.6 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 31% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.91 
                 0.42 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 0.51 
                 0.94 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.38 
                 0.034 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Quart2 
                 2.2 
                 5.3 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 2.4 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.39 
                 0.36 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.62 
                 0.36 
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Quart3 
                 3.4 
                 17 
                 5.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 4.1 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.13 
                 0.94 
               
               
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.42 
                 0.65 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Quart4 
                 2.4 
                 26 
                 2.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
                                                sCr or UO   sCr only   UO only                                             Cohort 1   Cohort 2   Cohort 1   Cohort 2   Cohort 1   Cohort 2               Median   5200   5720   5200   31100   5620   5490       Average   14300   15400   16300   58800   14100   14600       Stdev   24200   28400   25000   67700   25600   27700       p (t-test)       0.75       2.6E−4       0.89       Min   0.0130   389   300   860   0.0130   389       Max   145000   173000   116000   190000   180000   148000       n (Samp)   155   96   51   19   138   83       n (Patient)   155   96   51   19   138   83                                 At Enrollment                                 sCr or UO   sCr only   UO only               AUC   0.53   0.73   0.51       SE   0.038   0.072   0.040       p   0.41   0.0012   0.74       nCohort 1   155   51   138       nCohort 2   96   19   83       Cutoff 1   3630   9260   4360       Sens 1   71%   74%   71%       Spec 1   39%   65%   42%       Cutoff 2   2820   4640   3080       Sens 2   80%   84%   81%       Spec 2   28%   45%   27%       Cutoff 3   1600   2300   1850       Sens 3   91%   95%   90%       Spec 3   11%   29%   12%       Cutoff 4   9260   12800   10500       Sens 4   31%   63%   24%       Spec 4   70%   71%   70%       Cutoff 5   19200   21900   18200       Sens 5   19%   58%   17%       Spec 5   80%   80%   80%       Cutoff 6   41300   57800   35800       Sens 6    8%   32%   10%       Spec 6   90%   90%   91%       OR Quart 2   1.7   1.5   1.6       p Value   0.16   0.68   0.24       95% CI of OR   0.81   0.22   0.73       Quart2   3.5   10   3.5       OR Quart 3   1.6   2.3   1.5       p Value   0.22   0.38   0.33       95% CI of OR   0.76   0.36   0.68       Quart3   3.3   15   3.2       OR Quart 4   1.4   9.4   0.97       p Value   0.38   0.012   0.95       95% CI of OR   0.66   1.6   0.44       Quart4   2.9   54   2.2                    
Fibroblast growth factor 19
 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.21E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00453 
                 0.00701 
                 0.000785 
                 0.00265 
                 0.00506 
                 0.00880 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0421 
                 0.0426 
                 0.00286 
                 0.00580 
                 0.0445 
                 0.0466 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.58 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.476 
                 0.388 
                 0.0164 
                 0.0157 
                 0.476 
                 0.388 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.55 
                 0.49 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.083 
                 0.043 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.54 
                 0.51 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 128 
                 41 
                 115 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 85 
                 18 
                 73 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.92E−5 
                 2.53E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                 37% 
                 29% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.82E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 83% 
                 85% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 13% 
                 32% 
                 15% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.66E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.66E−5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.000114 
                 8.63E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 21% 
                 39% 
                 23% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 82% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 33% 
                 19% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.00127 
                 0.000197 
                 0.000197 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 22% 
                 18% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.69 
                 6.9 
                 1.6 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.35 
                 0.037 
                 0.29 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.31 
                 1.1 
                 0.68 
               
               
                   
                 Quart2 
                 1.5 
                 42 
                 3.6 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 0.92 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.94 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.56 
                 0.11 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 Quart3 
                 2.6 
                 7.6 
                 2.8 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 4.0 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.94 
                 0.14 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.48 
                 0.65 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 Quart4 
                 2.2 
                 25 
                 2.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0125 
                 0.0121 
                 0.0255 
                 0.0979 
                 0.0100 
                 0.0112 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.122 
                 0.193 
                 0.147 
                 0.432 
                 0.132 
                 0.180 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.413 
                 0.614 
                 0.477 
                 0.837 
                 0.443 
                 0.580 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.31 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.52 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
                 4.16E−6 
                 0.00126 
                 1.40E−9 
                 1.40E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.88 
                 3.58 
                 2.88 
                 3.42 
                 3.07 
                 3.58 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 128 
                 85 
                 41 
                 18 
                 115 
                 73 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.70 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.078 
                 0.043 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.58 
                 0.012 
                 0.70 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 128 
                 41 
                 115 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 85 
                 18 
                 73 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00522 
                 0.0330 
                 0.00432 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 30% 
                 63% 
                 28% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00355 
                 0.0192 
                 0.00311 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 46% 
                 23% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00187 
                 0.00324 
                 0.00124 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0297 
                 0.0419 
                 0.0263 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 34% 
                 61% 
                 34% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0509 
                 0.0696 
                 0.0386 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 24% 
                 50% 
                 26% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.145 
                 0.135 
                 0.256 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 16% 
                 44% 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.69 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.46 
                 0.21 
                 0.36 
               
               
                   
                 Quart2 
                 2.2 
                 11 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.92 
                 2.2 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.84 
                 0.42 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of OR 
                 0.42 
                 0.33 
                 0.36 
               
               
                   
                 Quart3 
                 2.0 
                 14 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 9.0 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.75 
                 0.018 
                 0.83 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI ofOR  
                 0.52 
                 1.5 
                 0.48 
               
               
                   
                 Quart4 
                 2.4 
                 55 
                 2.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 4: Comparison of the maximum marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and the maximum values in urine samples collected from subjects between enrollment and 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 6570 
                 20400 
                 6570 
                 20400 
                 6570 
                 20400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9580 
                 18900 
                 9580 
                 17700 
                 9580 
                 17200 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8320 
                 9570 
                 8320 
                 10100 
                 8320 
                 9450 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 5.9E−9 
                   
                 6.4E−7 
                   
                 8.5E−5 
               
               
                 Min 
                 77.7 
                 647 
                 77.7 
                 647 
                 77.7 
                 1090 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11200 
                 22300 
                 11200 
                 21100 
                 11200 
                 20400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 13000 
                 21900 
                 13000 
                 20600 
                 13000 
                 19400 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 9540 
                 8480 
                 9540 
                 9460 
                 9540 
                 8650 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 5.9E−5 
                   
                 6.3E−4 
                   
                 0.011 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 647 
                 0.00873 
                 647 
                 0.00873 
                 1820 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 8170 
                 20400 
                 8170 
                 20400 
                 8170 
                 20400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 10900 
                 18000 
                 10900 
                 17200 
                 10900 
                 17600 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8900 
                 9830 
                 8900 
                 10200 
                 8900 
                 10400 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 5.0E−4 
                   
                 0.0029 
                   
                 0.0090 
               
               
                 Min 
                 77.7 
                 2260 
                 77.7 
                 1060 
                 77.7 
                 1090 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.76 
                 0.76 
                 0.71 
                 0.72 
                 0.72 
                 0.68 
                 0.73 
                 0.70 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.048 
                 0.064 
                 0.064 
                 0.052 
                 0.066 
                 0.068 
                 0.064 
                 0.077 
                 0.084 
               
               
                 p 
                 4.7E−8 
                 6.2E−5 
                 0.0013 
                 1.9E−5 
                 0.0011 
                 0.010 
                 3.8E−4 
                 0.011 
                 0.023 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 20 
                 22 
                 34 
                 20 
                 20 
                 22 
                 15 
                 13 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 14600 
                 20300 
                 10900 
                 11000 
                 20300 
                 10900 
                 10000 
                 15600 
                 10000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 80% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 74% 
                 68% 
                 60% 
                 65% 
                 68% 
                 60% 
                 63% 
                 59% 
                 58% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 9130 
                 20300 
                 5040 
                 5010 
                 15900 
                 5040 
                 7710 
                 11700 
                 5040 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 85% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 61% 
                 68% 
                 39% 
                 44% 
                 60% 
                 39% 
                 56% 
                 52% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 3680 
                 9330 
                 3680 
                 2230 
                 6050 
                 3010 
                 3010 
                 7710 
                 3010 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 33% 
                 46% 
                 29% 
                 19% 
                 35% 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                 41% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 12900 
                 20400 
                 16200 
                 12900 
                 20400 
                 16200 
                 12900 
                 20400 
                 16200 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 72% 
                 55% 
                 59% 
                 68% 
                 50% 
                 60% 
                 64% 
                 40% 
                 62% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 20000 
                 20900 
                 20400 
                 20000 
                 20900 
                 20400 
                 20000 
                 20900 
                 20400 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 64% 
                 55% 
                 36% 
                 59% 
                 50% 
                 35% 
                 59% 
                 40% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 87% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 87% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 87% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 20400 
                 27700 
                 24000 
                 20400 
                 27700 
                 24000 
                 20400 
                 27700 
                 24000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 42% 
                 35% 
                 27% 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 25% 
                 32% 
                 20% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 0.58 
                 0.99 
                 0.23 
                 0.32 
                 2.0 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.71 
                 0.57 
                 0.65 
                 0.47 
                 0.99 
                 0.20 
                 0.33 
                 0.57 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 0.18 
                 0.25 
                 0.13 
                 0.14 
                 0.025 
                 0.032 
                 0.18 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.2 
                 22 
                 9.5 
                 2.5 
                 7.2 
                 2.1 
                 3.2 
                 22 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.9 
                 6.2 
                 2.6 
                 1.2 
                 3.1 
                 0.98 
                 1.7 
                 6.3 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.13 
                 0.093 
                 0.26 
                 0.75 
                 0.17 
                 0.98 
                 0.47 
                 0.091 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 0.74 
                 0.49 
                 0.35 
                 0.61 
                 0.23 
                 0.39 
                 0.75 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 11 
                 53 
                 14 
                 4.2 
                 16 
                 4.1 
                 7.6 
                 53 
                 7.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 10 
                 12 
                 7.1 
                 5.4 
                 5.4 
                 3.1 
                 5.2 
                 6.2 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 4 
                 4.0E−4 
                 0.018 
                 0.013 
                 0.0019 
                 0.033 
                 0.067 
                 0.014 
                 0.093 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.9 
                 1.1 
                 0.92 
                 1.4 
                 0.74 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 36 
                 95 
                 33 
                 16 
                 25 
                 10 
                 19 
                 53 
                 22 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 16.9 
                 49.1 
                 16.9 
                 29.8 
                 16.9 
                 18.9 
               
               
                 Average 
                 56.0 
                 143 
                 56.0 
                 139 
                 56.0 
                 108 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 99.2 
                 195 
                 99.2 
                 202 
                 99.2 
                 221 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 3.0E−4 
                   
                 7.6E−4 
                   
                 0.079 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00423 
                 4.54 
                 0.00423 
                 4.54 
                 0.00423 
                 6.66 
               
               
                 Max 
                 538 
                 878 
                 538 
                 878 
                 538 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 21.3 
                 37.6 
                 21.3 
                 30.7 
                 21.3 
                 21.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 74.3 
                 160 
                 74.3 
                 155 
                 74.3 
                 137 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 157 
                 230 
                 157 
                 229 
                 157 
                 255 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.030 
                   
                 0.041 
                   
                 0.17 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00423 
                 14.1 
                 0.00423 
                 14.1 
                 0.00423 
                 9.39 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 878 
                 1370 
                 878 
                 1370 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 19.2 
                 36.5 
                 19.2 
                 19.8 
                 19.2 
                 12.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 64.1 
                 96.0 
                 64.1 
                 89.8 
                 64.1 
                 25.4 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 109 
                 130 
                 109 
                 139 
                 109 
                 33.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.27 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00423 
                 4.54 
                 0.00423 
                 4.54 
                 0.00423 
                 6.66 
               
               
                 Max 
                 624 
                 400 
                 624 
                 400 
                 624 
                 116 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.71 
                 0.68 
                 0.63 
                 0.67 
                 0.67 
                 0.57 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.071 
                 0.072 
                 0.058 
                 0.072 
                 0.075 
                 0.074 
                 0.084 
                 0.097 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.4E−4 
                 0.011 
                 0.076 
                 0.0027 
                 0.021 
                 0.35 
                 0.35 
                 0.34 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
               
               
                 nCohort 2  
                 32 
                 18 
                 19 
                 30 
                 18 
                 17 
                 18 
                 13 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 21.0 
                 21.5 
                 16.6 
                 17.8 
                 20.7 
                 16.2 
                 13.7 
                 16.6 
                 10.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 77% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 50% 
                 46% 
                 52% 
                 48% 
                 44% 
                 44% 
                 42% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 16.9 
                 17.8 
                 12.5 
                 16.6 
                 16.9 
                 11.4 
                 11.2 
                 16.2 
                 9.29 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 50% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 49% 
                 43% 
                 33% 
                 34% 
                 41% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 13.7 
                 16.2 
                 10.6 
                 12.5 
                 16.2 
                 10.6 
                 9.06 
                 14.0 
                 9.06 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 95% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 44% 
                 41% 
                 28% 
                 42% 
                 41% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 37% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 35.6 
                 39.5 
                 48.2 
                 35.6 
                 39.5 
                 48.2 
                 35.6 
                 39.5 
                 48.2 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 50% 
                 47% 
                 50% 
                 44% 
                 29% 
                 28% 
                 31% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 76.7 
                 76.7 
                 84.1 
                 76.7 
                 76.7 
                 84.1 
                 76.7 
                 76.7 
                 84.1 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 41% 
                 33% 
                 32% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 24% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 151 
                 207 
                 170 
                 151 
                 207 
                 170 
                 151 
                 207 
                 170 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 28% 
                 33% 
                 16% 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 7.9 
                 &gt;6.4 
                 6.6 
                 11 
                 &gt;7.5 
                 8.0 
                 8.2 
                 5.2 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.058 
                 &lt;0.089 
                 0.087 
                 0.026 
                 &lt;0.061 
                 0.056 
                 0.054 
                 0.14 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.93 
                 &gt;0.75 
                 0.76 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;0.91 
                 0.95 
                 0.96 
                 0.59 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 67 
                 na 
                 57 
                 91 
                 na 
                 68 
                 70 
                 45 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 14 
                 &gt;4.2 
                 5.3 
                 13 
                 &gt;4.2 
                 5.5 
                 6.8 
                 4.2 
                 6.8 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.014 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.13 
                 0.018 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.13 
                 0.082 
                 0.21 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.7 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.60 
                 1.5 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.61 
                 0.79 
                 0.45 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 110 
                 na 
                 48 
                 100 
                 na 
                 49 
                 59 
                 38 
                 58 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 17 
                 &gt;8.7 
                 7.9 
                 12 
                 &gt;7.5 
                 4.2 
                 4.2 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0073 
                 &lt;0.043 
                 0.059 
                 0.020 
                 &lt;0.061 
                 0.21 
                 0.21 
                 0.34 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 2.2 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 0.93 
                 1.5 
                 &gt;0.91 
                 0.45 
                 0.45 
                 0.31 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 140 
                 na 
                 67 
                 100 
                 na 
                 39 
                 39 
                 30 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 6 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.292 
                 0.543 
                 0.292 
                 0.257 
                 0.292 
                 0.183 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.72 
                 2.40 
                 1.72 
                 2.14 
                 1.72 
                 1.06 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.60 
                 4.44 
                 3.60 
                 4.57 
                 3.60 
                 1.92 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000364 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000157 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000206 
               
               
                 Max 
                 25.9 
                 22.4 
                 25.9 
                 22.4 
                 25.9 
                 6.31 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 141 
                 29 
                 141 
                 27 
                 141 
                 16 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 29 
                 141 
                 27 
                 141 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.421 
                 0.399 
                 0.421 
                 0.399 
                 0.421 
                 0.218 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.19 
                 1.75 
                 2.19 
                 1.55 
                 2.19 
                 1.39 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.66 
                 2.25 
                 5.66 
                 2.20 
                 5.66 
                 2.13 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.66 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000364 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000364 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000364 
               
               
                 Max 
                 70.5 
                 6.31 
                 70.5 
                 6.31 
                 70.5 
                 6.31 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 292 
                 16 
                 292 
                 16 
                 292 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 292 
                 16 
                 292 
                 16 
                 292 
                 12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.360 
                 0.282 
                 0.360 
                 0.210 
                 0.360 
                 0.00357 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.80 
                 2.56 
                 1.80 
                 2.33 
                 1.80 
                 0.178 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.47 
                 5.39 
                 3.47 
                 5.68 
                 3.47 
                 0.269 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000364 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000157 
                 0.000122 
                 0.000206 
               
               
                 Max 
                 25.9 
                 22.4 
                 25.9 
                 22.4 
                 25.9 
                 0.802 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 162 
                 18 
                 162 
                 16 
                 162 
                 9 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 162 
                 18 
                 162 
                 16 
                 162 
                 9 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                  0.59 
                  0.55 
                  0.52 
                  0.53 
                  0.52 
                  0.45 
                  0.45 
                  0.48 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.060 
                  0.076 
                  0.073 
                  0.061 
                  0.075 
                  0.077 
                  0.078 
                  0.086 
                 0.100 
               
               
                 p 
                  0.15 
                  0.48 
                  0.74 
                  0.68 
                  0.75 
                  0.50 
                  0.50 
                  0.84 
                 0.047 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 141 
                 292 
                 162 
                 141 
                 292 
                 162 
                 141 
                 292 
                 162 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  29 
                  16 
                  18 
                  27 
                  16 
                  16 
                  16 
                  12 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                  0.153 
                  0.153 
                  0.114 
                  0.111 
                  0.153 
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                  0.0480 
                 0.00224 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 75% 
                  78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 41% 
                 36% 
                 32% 
                 38% 
                 36% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 31% 
                  19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                  0.0628 
                  0.119 
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                  0.0480 
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                 0.000336 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 94% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                  89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 34% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 31% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                  10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                  0.00224 
                  0.000336 
                  0.000336  
                  0.000336 
                  0.000336  
                  0.000336 
                 0.000205 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 97% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 96% 
                 100% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 11% 
                  10% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                  10% 
                   1% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                  1.28 
                  1.25 
                  1.45 
                  1.28 
                  1.25 
                  1.45 
                  1.28 
                  1.25 
                 1.45 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 34% 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                  33% 
                   0% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                  2.60 
                  2.44 
                  2.67 
                  2.60 
                  2.44 
                  2.67 
                  2.60 
                  2.44 
                 2.67 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 31% 
                 28% 
                 26% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                  25% 
                   0% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                  4.06 
                  5.79 
                  4.30 
                  4.06 
                  5.79 
                  4.30 
                  4.06 
                  5.79 
                 4.30 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                  6% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                  6% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                   8% 
                   0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                  2.0 
                  3.2 
                  1.6 
                  1.0 
                  1.7 
                  0.24 
                  1.0 
                  0.66 
                 &gt;2.1 
               
               
                 2 
                  0.27 
                  0.17 
                  0.50 
                  1.0 
                  0.47 
                  0.21 
                  0.97 
                  0.65 
                 &lt;0.55 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.60 
                  0.62 
                  0.41 
                  0.32 
                  0.39 
                  0.026 
                  0.19 
                  0.11 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                  6.4 
                  16 
                  6.0 
                  3.2 
                  7.4 
                  2.2 
                  5.4 
                  4.1 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                  1.2 
                  1.5 
                  0.73 
                  0.83 
                  1.4 
                  1.6 
                  1.4 
                  1.4 
                 &gt;3.2 
               
               
                 3 
                  0.75 
                  0.65 
                  0.69 
                  0.76 
                  0.70 
                  0.50 
                  0.67 
                  0.70 
                 &lt;0.32 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.35 
                  0.25 
                  0.15 
                  0.25 
                  0.29 
                  0.41 
                  0.29 
                  0.29 
                 &gt;0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                  44 
                  9.4 
                  3.5 
                  2.7 
                  6.3 
                  6.0 
                  6.8 
                  6.3 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                  2.0 
                  2.6 
                  1.3 
                  1.0 
                  1.4 
                  1.3 
                  2.2 
                  1.0 
                 &gt;4.5 
               
               
                 4 
                  0.27 
                  0.26 
                  0.73 
                  1.0 
                  0.70 
                  0.70 
                  0.28 
                  1.0 
                 &lt;0.19 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.60 
                  0.49 
                  0.32 
                  0.32 
                  0.29 
                  0.33 
                  0.52 
                  0.20 
                 &gt;0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                  6.4 
                  14 
                  5.1 
                  3.2 
                  6.3 
                  5.3 
                  9.7 
                  5.1 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 26.7 
                 87.0 
                 26.7 
                 75.5 
                 26.7 
                 56.9 
               
               
                 Average 
                 60.5 
                 383 
                 60.5 
                 374 
                 60.5 
                 94.2 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 127 
                 783 
                 127 
                 799 
                 127 
                 92.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 4.4E−6 
                   
                 1.1E−5 
                   
                 0.29 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.140 
                 12.7 
                 0.140 
                 12.7 
                 0.140 
                 23.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1310 
                 3480 
                 1310 
                 3480 
                 1310 
                 364 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 33.6 
                 129 
                 33.6 
                 73.8 
                 33.6 
                 73.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 85.0 
                 254 
                 85.0 
                 239 
                 85.0 
                 114 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 230 
                 424 
                 230 
                 426 
                 230 
                 99.8 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0090 
                   
                 0.017 
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.140 
                 12.7 
                 0.140 
                 12.7 
                 0.140 
                 23.2 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2190 
                 1710 
                 2190 
                 1710 
                 2190 
                 364 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 33.6 
                 77.2 
                 33.6 
                 75.5 
                 33.6 
                 39.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 59.7 
                 422 
                 59.7 
                 424 
                 59.7 
                 67.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 80.1 
                 914 
                 80.1 
                 941 
                 80.1 
                 79.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 3.1E−6 
                   
                 4.8E−6 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.140 
                 13.4 
                 0.140 
                 13.4 
                 0.140 
                 13.4 
               
               
                 Max 
                 480 
                 3480 
                 480 
                 3480 
                 480 
                 273 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.80 
                 0.77 
                 0.73 
                 0.79 
                 0.76 
                 0.72 
                 0.74 
                 0.76 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.072 
                 0.070 
                 0.054 
                 0.073 
                 0.073 
                 0.071 
                 0.082 
                 0.097 
               
               
                 p 
                 7.1E−9 
                 1.5E−4 
                 8.2E−4 
                 8.8E−8 
                 3.3E−4 
                 0.0026 
                 7.5E−4 
                 0.0014 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 15 
                 18 
                 27 
                 15 
                 17 
                 17 
                 12 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 54.4 
                 56.0 
                 42.9 
                 54.4 
                 56.0 
                 42.9 
                 45.3 
                 56.0 
                 25.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 57% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 57% 
                 66% 
                 72% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 40.8 
                 40.8 
                 33.6 
                 40.8 
                 40.8 
                 33.6 
                 33.6 
                 40.8 
                 24.6 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 62% 
                 56% 
                 51% 
                 62% 
                 56% 
                 51% 
                 57% 
                 56% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 25.6 
                 33.6 
                 24.6 
                 25.6 
                 33.6 
                 24.6 
                 24.6 
                 33.6 
                 22.0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 49% 
                 50% 
                 39% 
                 49% 
                 50% 
                 39% 
                 46% 
                 50% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 48.2 
                 54.5 
                 53.4 
                 48.2 
                 54.5 
                 53.4 
                 48.2 
                 54.5 
                 53.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 61% 
                 74% 
                 73% 
                 59% 
                 65% 
                 75% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 64.2 
                 72.7 
                 74.9 
                 64.2 
                 72.7 
                 74.9 
                 64.2 
                 72.7 
                 74.9 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 64% 
                 67% 
                 56% 
                 63% 
                 60% 
                 53% 
                 47% 
                 58% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 125 
                 133 
                 128 
                 125 
                 133 
                 128 
                 125 
                 133 
                 128 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 46% 
                 47% 
                 39% 
                 41% 
                 40% 
                 35% 
                 24% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.1 
                 2.0 
                 4.2 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 4.3 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.33 
                 0.57 
                 0.21 
                 0.58 
                 0.57 
                 0.20 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 0.18 
                 0.45 
                 0.17 
                 0.18 
                 0.46 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 31 
                 23 
                 39 
                 23 
                 23 
                 40 
                 na 
                 na 
                 31 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 8.1 
                 2.0 
                 3.2 
                 9.3 
                 2.0 
                 3.2 
                 &gt;7.0 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 4.3 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.055 
                 0.57 
                 0.33 
                 0.039 
                 0.57 
                 0.33 
                 &lt;0.077 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.96 
                 0.18 
                 0.31 
                 1.1 
                 0.18 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.81 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 69 
                 23 
                 32 
                 78 
                 23 
                 32 
                 na 
                 na 
                 41 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 27 
                 11 
                 12 
                 24 
                 11 
                 11 
                 &gt;9.6 
                 &gt;9.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0018 
                 0.023 
                 0.019 
                 0.0027 
                 0.023 
                 0.027 
                 &lt;0.037 
                 &lt;0.041 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 3.4 
                 1.4 
                 1.5 
                 3.0 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 220 
                 90 
                 100 
                 190 
                 90 
                 90 
                 na 
                 na 
                 23 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.56 
                 2.45 
                 1.56 
                 2.48 
                 1.56 
                 2.48 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.86 
                 3.11 
                 1.86 
                 3.03 
                 1.86 
                 2.65 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.43 
                 2.60 
                 2.43 
                 2.72 
                 2.43 
                 1.27 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.015 
                   
                 0.025 
                   
                 0.19 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Max 
                 23.1 
                 11.6 
                 23.1 
                 11.6 
                 23.1 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.72 
                 2.48 
                 1.72 
                 2.48 
                 1.72 
                 2.48 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.22 
                 2.80 
                 2.22 
                 2.77 
                 2.22 
                 2.59 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.19 
                 1.30 
                 3.19 
                 1.33 
                 3.19 
                 1.55 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.51 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Max 
                 28.3 
                 4.42 
                 28.3 
                 4.42 
                 28.3 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.56 
                 2.09 
                 1.56 
                 2.17 
                 1.56 
                 2.29 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.76 
                 3.26 
                 1.76 
                 3.18 
                 1.76 
                 2.60 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.81 
                 3.09 
                 1.81 
                 3.28 
                 1.81 
                 1.09 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0027 
                   
                 0.0064 
                   
                 0.15 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00230 
                 1.11 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.77 
                 11.6 
                 8.77 
                 11.6 
                 8.77 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.70 
                 0.69 
                 0.70 
                 0.67 
                 0.68 
                 0.65 
                 0.71 
                 0.64 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 0.078 
                 0.072 
                 0.061 
                 0.078 
                 0.075 
                 0.073 
                 0.088 
                 0.094 
               
               
                 p 
                 5.3E−4 
                 0.015 
                 0.0064 
                 0.0050 
                 0.020 
                 0.040 
                 0.0047 
                 0.11 
                 0.018 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 15 
                 18 
                 27 
                 15 
                 17 
                 17 
                 12 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.87 
                 1.97 
                 1.87 
                 1.62 
                 1.74 
                 1.74 
                 1.97 
                 1.97 
                 1.97 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 64% 
                 58% 
                 65% 
                 57% 
                 52% 
                 62% 
                 66% 
                 58% 
                 66% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.70 
                 1.74 
                 1.74 
                 1.51 
                 1.63 
                 0.909 
                 1.74 
                 1.63 
                 1.87 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 57% 
                 52% 
                 62% 
                 49% 
                 49% 
                 40% 
                 61% 
                 49% 
                 65% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.761 
                 1.51 
                 0.761 
                 0.0209 
                 1.51 
                 0.0209 
                 1.03 
                 0.0209 
                 1.74 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 35% 
                 42% 
                 36% 
                 9% 
                 42% 
                 13% 
                 39% 
                 9% 
                 62% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.41 
                 2.48 
                 2.35 
                 2.41 
                 2.48 
                 2.35 
                 2.41 
                 2.48 
                 2.35 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 54% 
                 47% 
                 44% 
                 56% 
                 47% 
                 47% 
                 59% 
                 42% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.79 
                 3.06 
                 3.05 
                 2.79 
                 3.06 
                 3.05 
                 2.79 
                 3.06 
                 3.05 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 47% 
                 28% 
                 41% 
                 47% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 42% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.77 
                 3.96 
                 4.06 
                 3.77 
                 3.96 
                 4.06 
                 3.77 
                 3.96 
                 4.06 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 22% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 0.98 
                 0.98 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 2 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 0.99 
                 0.98 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 &lt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 0.18 
                 0.059 
                 0.19 
                 0.31 
                 0.13 
                 0.060 
                 0.044 
                 &gt;0.060 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.4 
                 23 
                 16 
                 5.1 
                 30 
                 7.5 
                 17 
                 5.6 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 8.8 
                 5.2 
                 11 
                 3.9 
                 4.1 
                 3.3 
                 9.7 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;5.7 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.0062 
                 0.14 
                 0.025 
                 0.050 
                 0.21 
                 0.16 
                 0.037 
                 0.41 
                 &lt;0.12 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.9 
                 0.59 
                 1.3 
                 1.00 
                 0.45 
                 0.63 
                 1.2 
                 0.37 
                 &gt;0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 42 
                 46 
                 93 
                 15 
                 38 
                 18 
                 82 
                 12 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 7.0 
                 7.5 
                 8.0 
                 4.4 
                 7.5 
                 3.9 
                 8.0 
                 2.6 
                 &gt;4.3 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.015 
                 0.062 
                 0.058 
                 0.031 
                 0.062 
                 0.10 
                 0.057 
                 0.26 
                 &lt;0.20 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.5 
                 0.90 
                 0.94 
                 1.1 
                 0.90 
                 0.76 
                 0.94 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 34 
                 63 
                 68 
                 17 
                 63 
                 20 
                 68 
                 14 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 6560 
                 29400 
                 6560 
                 19200 
                 6560 
                 10700 
               
               
                 Average 
                 26500 
                 53100 
                 26500 
                 45900 
                 26500 
                 38500 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 42900 
                 61100 
                 42900 
                 57700 
                 42900 
                 62400 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0016 
                   
                 0.021 
                   
                 0.24 
               
               
                 Min 
                 362 
                 1980 
                 362 
                 1290 
                 362 
                 1790 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 227000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 8080 
                 42800 
                 8080 
                 33800 
                 8080 
                 20200 
               
               
                 Average 
                 26200 
                 62300 
                 26200 
                 56700 
                 26200 
                 45100 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 39100 
                 66000 
                 39100 
                 66100 
                 39100 
                 66500 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.3E−4 
                   
                 0.0012 
                   
                 0.077 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 1980 
                 0.0130 
                 1980 
                 0.0130 
                 3260 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 227000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 7540 
                 22700 
                 7540 
                 16300 
                 7540 
                 7270 
               
               
                 Average 
                 28500 
                 51300 
                 28500 
                 44500 
                 28500 
                 48600 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 43600 
                 62400 
                 43600 
                 57400 
                 43600 
                 70300 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.027 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.12 
               
               
                 Min 
                 362 
                 2950 
                 362 
                 1290 
                 362 
                 1790 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 190000 
                 238000 
                 178000 
                 238000 
                 178000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 0.70 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
                 0.67 
                 0.62 
                 0.58 
                 0.63 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.067 
                 0.066 
                 0.054 
                 0.068 
                 0.069 
                 0.067 
                 0.079 
                 0.085 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.9E−4 
                 0.0023 
                 0.015 
                 0.0041 
                 0.0097 
                 0.085 
                 0.20 
                 0.11 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 20 
                 22 
                 34 
                 20 
                 20 
                 22 
                 15 
                 13 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 10500 
                 10700 
                 7220 
                 9350 
                 10700 
                 7220 
                 5500 
                 9440 
                 4050 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 60% 
                 57% 
                 49% 
                 58% 
                 57% 
                 49% 
                 43% 
                 54% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 5500 
                 9440 
                 4870 
                 4480 
                 5880 
                 4480 
                 4050 
                 5880 
                 3410 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 85% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 43% 
                 54% 
                 35% 
                 38% 
                 40% 
                 35% 
                 33% 
                 40% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 4050 
                 4410 
                 4410 
                 3120 
                 4410 
                 4050 
                 3120 
                 3410 
                 2780 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 34% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 30% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 22300 
                 24500 
                 26500 
                 22300 
                 24500 
                 26500 
                 22300 
                 24500 
                 26500 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 60% 
                 45% 
                 47% 
                 55% 
                 40% 
                 32% 
                 40% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 43300 
                 42100 
                 45300 
                 43300 
                 42100 
                 45300 
                 43300 
                 42100 
                 45300 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 42% 
                 50% 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 45% 
                 35% 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 73500 
                 73500 
                 89000 
                 73500 
                 73500 
                 89000 
                 73500 
                 73500 
                 89000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 30% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 25% 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.1 
                 0.99 
                 6.6 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 2.6 
                 1.7 
                 0.99 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.32 
                 0.99 
                 0.086 
                 0.51 
                 0.66 
                 0.27 
                 0.47 
                 0.99 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 0.14 
                 0.77 
                 0.42 
                 0.25 
                 0.48 
                 0.39 
                 0.14 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 8.7 
                 7.2 
                 56 
                 5.8 
                 9.2 
                 14 
                 7.6 
                 7.2 
                 6.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 4.7 
                 2.6 
                 7.8 
                 2.8 
                 2.6 
                 3.2 
                 2.9 
                 3.7 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.022 
                 0.27 
                 0.058 
                 0.098 
                 0.27 
                 0.17 
                 0.13 
                 0.11 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 0.48 
                 0.93 
                 0.83 
                 0.48 
                 0.61 
                 0.74 
                 0.75 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 18 
                 13 
                 66 
                 9.5 
                 13 
                 16 
                 12 
                 18 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 6.2 
                 6.0 
                 8.9 
                 4.2 
                 5.4 
                 3.8 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0059 
                 0.022 
                 0.042 
                 0.017 
                 0.033 
                 0.11 
                 0.32 
                 0.42 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.7 
                 1.3 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 1.1 
                 0.75 
                 0.49 
                 0.36 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 23 
                 28 
                 74 
                 14 
                 25 
                 19 
                 8.8 
                 11 
                 6.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.70 
                 10.5 
                 3.70 
                 9.92 
                 3.70 
                 5.43 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.74 
                 15.9 
                 5.74 
                 15.2 
                 5.74 
                 9.29 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 6.51 
                 18.4 
                 6.51 
                 18.7 
                 6.51 
                 11.5 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 4.4E−7 
                   
                 3.7E−6 
                   
                 0.054 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.123 
                 0.945 
                 0.123 
                 0.945 
                 0.123 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 46.9 
                 81.9 
                 46.9 
                 81.9 
                 46.9 
                 49.4 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 147 
                 28 
                 147 
                 27 
                 147 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 147 
                 28 
                 147 
                 27 
                 147 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.85 
                 9.92 
                 4.85 
                 9.33 
                 4.85 
                 7.09 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9.22 
                 15.2 
                 9.22 
                 14.6 
                 9.22 
                 11.9 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 19.0 
                 16.3 
                 19.0 
                 16.4 
                 19.0 
                 12.8 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.123 
                 1.42 
                 0.123 
                 1.42 
                 0.123 
                 3.19 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 57.1 
                 279 
                 57.1 
                 279 
                 49.4 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 285 
                 15 
                 285 
                 15 
                 285 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 285 
                 15 
                 285 
                 15 
                 285 
                 12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.04 
                 9.86 
                 4.04 
                 9.33 
                 4.04 
                 3.50 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.57 
                 13.9 
                 6.57 
                 13.2 
                 6.57 
                 4.19 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 7.96 
                 18.5 
                 7.96 
                 18.8 
                 7.96 
                 2.96 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0025 
                   
                 0.0077 
                   
                 0.35 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.123 
                 0.945 
                 0.123 
                 0.945 
                 0.123 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 49.4 
                 81.9 
                 49.4 
                 81.9 
                 49.4 
                 10.5 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 151 
                 18 
                 151 
                 17 
                 151 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 18 
                 151 
                 17 
                 151 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.75 
                 0.69 
                 0.68 
                 0.74 
                 0.67 
                 0.66 
                 0.64 
                 0.66 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.056 
                 0.078 
                 0.073 
                 0.058 
                 0.078 
                 0.075 
                 0.076 
                 0.087 
                 0.097 
               
               
                 p 
                 5.5E−6 
                 0.014 
                 0.014 
                 3.8E−5 
                 0.026 
                 0.030 
                 0.070 
                 0.062 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 147 
                 285 
                 151 
                 147 
                 285 
                 151 
                 147 
                 285 
                 151 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 15 
                 18 
                 27 
                 15 
                 17 
                 17 
                 12 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 5.34 
                 6.73 
                 3.80 
                 5.34 
                 6.73 
                 3.80 
                 4.51 
                 5.34 
                 2.31 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 65% 
                 61% 
                 49% 
                 65% 
                 61% 
                 49% 
                 59% 
                 54% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 3.80 
                 5.34 
                 2.97 
                 3.80 
                 5.34 
                 2.97 
                 3.15 
                 4.91 
                 2.16 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 54% 
                 54% 
                 38% 
                 54% 
                 54% 
                 38% 
                 41% 
                 51% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 2.16 
                 3.15 
                 2.16 
                 2.16 
                 3.15 
                 2.16 
                 1.99 
                 4.60 
                 1.99 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                 26% 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                 26% 
                 27% 
                 49% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.99 
                 9.07 
                 6.30 
                 5.99 
                 9.07 
                 6.30 
                 5.99 
                 9.07 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 68% 
                 60% 
                 61% 
                 67% 
                 53% 
                 59% 
                 47% 
                 42% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 8.29 
                 12.5 
                 8.53 
                 8.29 
                 12.5 
                 8.53 
                 8.29 
                 12.5 
                 8.53 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 61% 
                 33% 
                 56% 
                 56% 
                 27% 
                 53% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 13.0 
                 19.4 
                 13.6 
                 13.0 
                 19.4 
                 13.6 
                 13.0 
                 19.4 
                 13.6 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 36% 
                 20% 
                 28% 
                 30% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.1 
                 3.2 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 0.41 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 0.41 
                 0.33 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.36 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.36 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 12 
                 23 
                 12 
                 12 
                 23 
                 12 
                 32 
                 na 
                 7.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.6 
                 6.4 
                 1.0 
                 3.3 
                 7.6 
                 1.0 
                 8.2 
                 &gt;6.5 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.26 
                 0.089 
                 1.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.061 
                 1.0 
                 0.054 
                 &lt;0.086 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 0.76 
                 0.13 
                 0.63 
                 0.91 
                 0.13 
                 0.96 
                 &gt;0.77 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 14 
                 55 
                 7.5 
                 17 
                 64 
                 7.5 
                 70 
                 na 
                 13 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 13 
                 6.4 
                 6.1 
                 11 
                 5.3 
                 5.5 
                 6.9 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0012 
                 0.089 
                 0.026 
                 0.0028 
                 0.13 
                 0.038 
                 0.081 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 2.8 
                 0.76 
                 1.2 
                 2.3 
                 0.60 
                 1.1 
                 0.79 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 60 
                 55 
                 30 
                 50 
                 46 
                 27 
                 60 
                 na 
                 7.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000197 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000197 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000732 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0104 
                 0.108 
                 0.0104 
                 0.0505 
                 0.0104 
                 0.0493 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0383 
                 0.260 
                 0.0383 
                 0.143 
                 0.0383 
                 0.138 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  1.6E−5 
                   
                 0.0032 
                   
                 0.0070 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.88E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.260 
                 1.02 
                 0.260 
                 0.560 
                 0.260 
                 0.560 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.000114 
                 0.00341 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000732 
                 0.000114 
                 0.00127 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0111 
                 0.159 
                 0.0111 
                 0.0551 
                 0.0111 
                 0.0642 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0451 
                 0.324 
                 0.0451 
                 0.151 
                 0.0451 
                 0.162 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  5.1E−12 
                   
                 0.0012 
                   
                  5.8E−4 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 2.96E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 2.96E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.470 
                 1.02 
                 0.470 
                 0.560 
                 0.470 
                 0.560 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 6.51E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 6.51E−5  
                 3.88E−5 
                 6.51E−5 
                 0.000118 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0127 
                 0.0848 
                 0.0127 
                 0.0908 
                 0.0127 
                 0.00682 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0478 
                 0.251 
                 0.0478 
                 0.265 
                 0.0478 
                 0.0142 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0011 
                   
                 7.8E−4 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.88E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.88E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.359 
                 1.02 
                 0.359 
                 1.02 
                 0.359 
                 0.0446 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                  0.61 
                  0.68 
                  0.55 
                  0.55 
                  0.62 
                  0.51 
                  0.60 
                  0.63 
                  0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.057 
                  0.071 
                  0.071 
                  0.059 
                  0.072 
                  0.074 
                  0.074 
                  0.085 
                  0.096 
               
               
                 p 
                  0.052 
                  0.012 
                  0.47 
                  0.36 
                  0.10 
                  0.94 
                  0.18 
                  0.14 
                  0.70 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  32 
                  18 
                  19 
                  30 
                  18 
                  17 
                  18 
                  13 
                  10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 3.44E−5 
                 8.63E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 3.21E−5 
                 3.21E−5  
                 2.83E−5 
                 3.21E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                  72% 
                 79% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 76% 
                 72% 
                 100% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                  49% 
                 29% 
                 34% 
                 35% 
                 29% 
                 34% 
                  26% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5  
                 2.53E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 88% 
                 100% 
                 84% 
                 83% 
                 94% 
                 82% 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                  26% 
                 26% 
                 25% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                  26% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 2.68E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 2.83E−5  
                 2.38E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 95% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 22% 
                  26% 
                 16% 
                 13% 
                 26% 
                 14% 
                 25% 
                  26% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                  0.00146 
                  0.00127 
                  0.00121 
                  0.00146 
                  0.00127  
                  0.00121 
                  0.00146 
                  0.00127 
                  0.00121 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 41% 
                  50% 
                 32% 
                 37% 
                 44% 
                 24% 
                 44% 
                  46% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                  0.00836 
                  0.00672 
                  0.00590 
                  0.00836 
                  0.00672  
                  0.00590 
                  0.00836 
                  0.00672 
                  0.00590 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                  44% 
                 26% 
                 27% 
                 39% 
                 24% 
                 28% 
                  46% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                  0.0157 
                  0.0171 
                  0.0157 
                  0.0157 
                  0.0171 
                  0.0157 
                  0.0157 
                  0.0171 
                  0.0157 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 25% 
                  28% 
                 21% 
                 17% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                  15% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                  91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                  2.5 
                  &gt;5.3 
                  2.5 
                  1.7 
                  5.2 
                  1.6 
                  1.4 
                  &gt;5.3 
                  4.2 
               
               
                 2 
                  0.15 
                  &lt;0.13 
                  0.20 
                  0.37 
                  0.14 
                  0.51 
                  0.69 
                  &lt;0.13 
                  0.21 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.71 
                  &gt;0.60 
                  0.61 
                  0.52 
                  0.59 
                  0.41 
                  0.29 
                  &gt;0.60 
                  0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                  8.8 
                 na 
                  10 
                  5.8 
                  45 
                  6.0 
                  6.5 
                 na 
                  39 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                  1.8 
                  &gt;4.2 
                  1.3 
                  1.2 
                  4.1 
                  0.73 
                  1.0 
                  &gt;2.0 
                  2.0 
               
               
                 3 
                  0.36 
                  &lt;0.21 
                  0.72 
                  0.75 
                  0.21 
                  0.70 
                  1.0 
                  &lt;0.56 
                  0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.50 
                  &gt;0.45 
                  0.28 
                  0.35 
                  0.45 
                  0.15 
                  0.19 
                  &gt;0.18 
                  0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                  6.8 
                 na 
                  6.3 
                  4.4 
                  37 
                  3.5 
                  5.3 
                 na 
                  23 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                  3.6 
                 &gt;10.0 
                  1.7 
                  2.5 
                  8.6 
                  0.98 
                  3.0 
                  &gt;6.4 
                  3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                  0.039 
                  &lt;0.031 
                  0.48 
                  0.12 
                  0.044 
                  0.98 
                  0.13 
                  &lt;0.089 
                  0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  1.1 
                  &gt;1.2 
                  0.38 
                  0.80 
                  1.1 
                  0.23 
                  0.73 
                  &gt;0.75 
                  0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                  12 
                 na 
                  7.6 
                  7.9 
                  71 
                  4.2 
                  12 
                 na 
                  31 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0243 
                 0.124 
                 0.0243 
                 0.0612 
                 0.0243 
                 0.0328 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.188 
                 0.546 
                 0.188 
                 0.331 
                 0.188 
                 0.176 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.436 
                 1.20 
                 0.436 
                 0.496 
                 0.436 
                 0.298 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0044 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.91 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00670 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00673 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00644 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.07 
                 6.31 
                 3.07 
                 1.59 
                 3.07 
                 1.07 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 151 
                 32 
                 151 
                 30 
                 151 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0253 
                 0.0532 
                 0.0253 
                 0.0532 
                 0.0253 
                 0.0317 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.284 
                 0.556 
                 0.284 
                 0.290 
                 0.284 
                 0.139 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.789 
                 1.49 
                 0.789 
                 0.496 
                 0.789 
                 0.228 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.51 
               
               
                 Min 
                 6.78E−7 
                 0.00928 
                 6.78E−7 
                 0.00804 
                 6.78E−7 
                 0.00804 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 6.31 
                 8.92 
                 1.56 
                 8.92 
                 0.725 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 18 
                 317 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0258 
                 0.226 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0598 
                 0.0258 
                 0.0249 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.235 
                 0.481 
                 0.235 
                 0.377 
                 0.235 
                 0.299 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.505 
                 0.718 
                 0.505 
                 0.546 
                 0.505 
                 0.551 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.056 
                   
                 0.28 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00670 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00673 
                 7.25E−6 
                 0.00644 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.07 
                 2.69 
                 3.07 
                 1.59 
                 3.07 
                 1.56 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 19 
                 172 
                 17 
                 172 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 0.64 
                 0.67 
                 0.66 
                 0.63 
                 0.63 
                 0.57 
                 0.54 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.072 
                 0.071 
                 0.058 
                 0.072 
                 0.075 
                 0.074 
                 0.083 
                 0.096 
               
               
                 p 
                 6.1E−4 
                 0.048 
                 0.016 
                 0.0055 
                 0.076 
                 0.079 
                 0.36 
                 0.65 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
                 151 
                 317 
                 172 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 32 
                 18 
                 19 
                 30 
                 18 
                 17 
                 18 
                 13 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.0317 
                 0.0317 
                 0.0313 
                 0.0317 
                 0.0317 
                 0.0313 
                 0.0165 
                 0.0148 
                 0.0165 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 77% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 58% 
                 56% 
                 55% 
                 58% 
                 56% 
                 55% 
                 42% 
                 36% 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0191 
                 0.0191 
                 0.0165 
                 0.0171 
                 0.0181 
                 0.0165 
                 0.0127 
                 0.0134 
                 0.0130 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 84% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 44% 
                 42% 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 41% 
                 40% 
                 33% 
                 32% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.0147 
                 0.0148 
                 0.00670 
                 0.00912 
                 0.00926 
                 0.00766 
                 0.00776 
                 0.00926 
                 0.00956 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 95% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 37% 
                 36% 
                 19% 
                 26% 
                 23% 
                 22% 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0934 
                 0.0850 
                 0.144 
                 0.0934 
                 0.0850 
                 0.144 
                 0.0934 
                 0.0850 
                 0.144 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 39% 
                 58% 
                 40% 
                 39% 
                 41% 
                 28% 
                 31% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.221 
                 0.255 
                 0.295 
                 0.221 
                 0.255 
                 0.295 
                 0.221 
                 0.255 
                 0.295 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 44% 
                 28% 
                 42% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
                 35% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.514 
                 0.740 
                 0.719 
                 0.514 
                 0.740 
                 0.719 
                 0.514 
                 0.740 
                 0.719 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 11% 
                 21% 
                 23% 
                 11% 
                 24% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.7 
                 4.1 
                 0.64 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
                 0.65 
                 3.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.48 
                 0.21 
                 0.63 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 0.65 
                 0.16 
                 0.42 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.38 
                 0.45 
                 0.10 
                 0.23 
                 0.24 
                 0.10 
                 0.63 
                 0.36 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 7.6 
                 37 
                 4.0 
                 4.3 
                 9.2 
                 4.1 
                 18 
                 11 
                 9.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.4 
                 8.6 
                 1.7 
                 3.3 
                 4.3 
                 1.7 
                 2.7 
                 2.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.082 
                 0.044 
                 0.48 
                 0.056 
                 0.072 
                 0.46 
                 0.25 
                 0.41 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 1.1 
                 0.38 
                 0.97 
                 0.88 
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 0.37 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 14 
                 71 
                 7.6 
                 11 
                 21 
                 7.8 
                 15 
                 12 
                 7.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 6.8 
                 5.2 
                 3.4 
                 3.2 
                 2.6 
                 2.5 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0046 
                 0.14 
                 0.082 
                 0.062 
                 0.27 
                 0.20 
                 0.26 
                 0.66 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.8 
                 0.59 
                 0.85 
                 0.94 
                 0.48 
                 0.61 
                 0.48 
                 0.24 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 25 
                 45 
                 13 
                 11 
                 14 
                 10 
                 14 
                 9.2 
                 9.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 150 
                 147 
                 150 
                 148 
                 150 
                 142 
               
               
                 Average 
                 156 
                 163 
                 156 
                 161 
                 156 
                 148 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 51.8 
                 74.3 
                 51.8 
                 77.4 
                 51.8 
                 46.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                 0.55 
               
               
                 Min 
                 38.4 
                 46.0 
                 38.4 
                 46.0 
                 38.4 
                 76.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 241 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 145 
                 28 
                 145 
                 27 
                 145 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 145 
                 28 
                 145 
                 27 
                 145 
                 17 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 151 
                 170 
                 151 
                 170 
                 151 
                 156 
               
               
                 Average 
                 160 
                 166 
                 160 
                 162 
                 160 
                 152 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 62.6 
                 52.1 
                 62.6 
                 56.8 
                 62.6 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.67 
               
               
                 Min 
                 38.4 
                 102 
                 38.4 
                 76.6 
                 38.4 
                 76.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 444 
                 265 
                 444 
                 265 
                 444 
                 241 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 284 
                 15 
                 284 
                 15 
                 284 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 284 
                 15 
                 284 
                 15 
                 284 
                 12 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 153 
                 144 
                 153 
                 142 
                 153 
                 127 
               
               
                 Average 
                 156 
                 153 
                 156 
                 154 
                 156 
                 139 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 52.4 
                 87.0 
                 52.4 
                 89.7 
                 52.4 
                 46.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.33 
               
               
                 Min 
                 38.4 
                 46.0 
                 38.4 
                 46.0 
                 38.4 
                 82.1 
               
               
                 Max 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 444 
                 311 
                 241 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 149 
                 18 
                 149 
                 17 
                 149 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 149 
                 18 
                 149 
                 17 
                 149 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.55 
                 0.44 
                 0.50 
                 0.52 
                 0.44 
                 0.45 
                 0.48 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.060 
                  0.078 
                  0.074 
                  0.061 
                  0.078 
                  0.076 
                  0.076 
                  0.086 
                  0.098 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.86 
                 0.52 
                 0.43 
                 0.97 
                 0.75 
                 0.44 
                 0.54 
                 0.80 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 145 
                 284 
                 149 
                 145 
                 284 
                 149 
                 145 
                 284 
                 149 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  28 
                  15 
                  18 
                  27 
                  15 
                  17 
                  17 
                  12 
                  10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 131 
                 128 
                 110 
                 128 
                 118 
                 110 
                 119 
                 105 
                 119 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 35% 
                 22% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 22% 
                 25% 
                 22% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 110 
                 118 
                 102 
                 105 
                 105 
                 102 
                 105 
                 104 
                 105 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 22% 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 102 
                 104 
                 46.0 
                 74.0 
                 102 
                 46.0 
                 94.6 
                 94.8 
                 94.6 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 21% 
                  1% 
                  3% 
                 19% 
                  1% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 178 
                 186 
                 183 
                 178 
                 186 
                 183 
                 178 
                 186 
                 183 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 27% 
                 17% 
                 33% 
                 27% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 194 
                 212 
                 198 
                 194 
                 212 
                 198 
                 194 
                 212 
                 198 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 20% 
                 11% 
                 15% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 220 
                 247 
                 220 
                 220 
                 247 
                 220 
                 220 
                 247 
                 220 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                 15% 
                  7% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.2  
                 1.3  
                 2.7  
                 1.7  
                 0.73 
                 2.8  
                 2.8  
                 2.1  
                 2.1  
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.78 
                 0.71 
                 0.25 
                 0.37 
                 0.69 
                 0.24 
                 0.24 
                 0.41 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.39 
                 0.29 
                 0.49 
                 0.52 
                 0.16 
                 0.51 
                 0.51 
                 0.37 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 3.6  
                 6.2  
                  15 
                 5.8  
                 3.4  
                  15 
                  15 
                  12 
                  24 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.0  
                 1.7  
                 2.7  
                 1.5  
                 1.2  
                 2.1  
                 3.3  
                 1.0  
                 4.3  
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 1.0  
                 0.48 
                 0.25 
                 0.54 
                 0.75 
                 0.41 
                 0.16 
                 1.0  
                 0.20 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 0.43 
                 0.32 
                 0.36 
                 0.63 
                 0.14 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 3.1  
                 7.3  
                  15 
                 5.1  
                 4.9  
                  12 
                  18 
                 7.3  
                  41 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.81 
                 0.99 
                 3.4  
                 1.5  
                 0.73 
                 3.4  
                 2.2  
                 2.1  
                 3.2  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                 0.73 
                 0.99 
                 0.15 
                 0.54 
                 0.69 
                 0.15 
                 0.39 
                 0.41 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.25 
                 0.19 
                 0.65 
                 0.43 
                 0.16 
                 0.65 
                 0.37 
                 0.37 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.6  
                 5.1  
                  18 
                 5.1  
                 3.4  
                  18 
                  13 
                  12 
                  33 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1570 
                 3440 
                 1570 
                 2270 
                 1570 
                 1780 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2500 
                 8940 
                 2500 
                 8470 
                 2500 
                 6780 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3600 
                 17000 
                 3600 
                 17500 
                 3600 
                 16800 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−6 
                   
                 1.8E−5 
                   
                 0.0023 
               
               
                 Min 
                 33.0 
                 90.7 
                 33.0 
                 90.7 
                 33.0 
                 201 
               
               
                 Max 
                 33000 
                 80100 
                 33000 
                 80100 
                 33000 
                 80100 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 203 
                 36 
                 203 
                 34 
                 203 
                 22 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1810 
                 2100 
                 1810 
                 1980 
                 1810 
                 1940 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3180 
                 7650 
                 3180 
                 7290 
                 3180 
                 8250 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5450 
                 17500 
                 5450 
                 17400 
                 5450 
                 20200 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0029 
                   
                 0.0061 
                   
                 0.0033 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 90.7 
                 0.0376 
                 90.7 
                 0.0376 
                 890 
               
               
                 Max 
                 68100 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 80100 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 20 
                 395 
                 15 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1720 
                 2890 
                 1720 
                 1950 
                 1720 
                 1250 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2700 
                 8160 
                 2700 
                 7650 
                 2700 
                 2540 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3680 
                 14700 
                 3680 
                 15500 
                 3680 
                 3590 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−5 
                   
                 20.E−4 
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                 Min 
                 33.0 
                 201 
                 33.0 
                 201 
                 33.0 
                 201 
               
               
                 Max 
                 33000 
                 68100 
                 33000 
                 68100 
                 33000 
                 12300 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 22 
                 215 
                 20 
                 215 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.71 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
                 0.66 
                 0.61 
                 0.58 
                 0.60 
                 0.58 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.051 
                  0.068 
                  0.066 
                  0.054 
                  0.068 
                  0.069 
                  0.067 
                  0.078 
                  0.085 
               
               
                 p 
                 5.2E−5 
                  0.045 
                  0.043 
                 0.0023 
                 0.10 
                 0.24 
                 0.15 
                 0.33 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
                 203 
                 395 
                 215 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  36 
                  20 
                  22 
                  34 
                  20 
                  20 
                  22 
                  15 
                  13 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 1760  
                 1810  
                 1220  
                 1460  
                 1570  
                 1220  
                 1170  
                 1240  
                 813 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 50% 
                 39% 
                 47% 
                 43% 
                 39% 
                 42% 
                 36% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 1270  
                 1660  
                 952 
                 1190  
                 1450  
                 952 
                 952 
                 1170  
                 525 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 85% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 45% 
                 46% 
                 30% 
                 44% 
                 41% 
                 30% 
                 34% 
                 34% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 813 
                 1240  
                 525 
                 813 
                 1020  
                 525 
                 813 
                 952 
                 277 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 31% 
                 36% 
                 16% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 16% 
                 31% 
                 28% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 2360  
                 2910  
                 2690  
                 2360  
                 2910  
                 2690  
                 2360  
                 2910  
                 2690  
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 45% 
                 55% 
                 47% 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 3330  
                 4190  
                 3610  
                 3330  
                 4190  
                 3610  
                 3330  
                 4190  
                 3610  
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 40% 
                 45% 
                 44% 
                 40% 
                 35% 
                 32% 
                 27% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 4930  
                 6560  
                 5440  
                 4930  
                 6560  
                 5440  
                 4930  
                 6560  
                 5440  
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 44% 
                 15% 
                 41% 
                 35% 
                 15% 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 13% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.5  
                 6.2  
                 2.5  
                 3.4  
                 8.5  
                 2.5  
                 3.9  
                 &gt;7.4  
                 1.0  
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.21 
                  0.093 
                 0.20 
                  0.081 
                  0.046 
                 0.21 
                 0.10 
                 &lt;0.063 
                 1.0  
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 0.74 
                 0.62 
                 0.86 
                 1.0  
                 0.61 
                 0.76 
                 &gt;0.90  
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                  10 
                  53 
                  10 
                  13 
                  69 
                  10 
                  19 
                 na 
                 7.4  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.9  
                 4.1  
                 0.65 
                 2.5  
                 2.0  
                 0.98 
                 3.2  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 3.2  
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 0.13 
                 0.21 
                 0.65 
                 0.20 
                 0.57 
                 0.98 
                 0.16 
                 &lt;0.33  
                 0.16 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 0.45 
                 0.11 
                 0.62 
                 0.18 
                 0.19 
                 0.62 
                 &gt;0.32  
                 0.62 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                  11 
                  37 
                 4.1  
                  10 
                  22 
                 5.1  
                  17 
                 na 
                  17 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 8.0  
                 9.7  
                 3.7  
                 6.2  
                 9.7  
                 2.5  
                 3.8  
                 &gt;5.2  
                 1.5  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                  0.0015 
                  0.033 
                  0.055 
                  0.0059 
                  0.033 
                 0.21 
                 0.11 
                 &lt;0.14  
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 2.2  
                 1.2  
                 0.97 
                 1.7  
                 1.2  
                 0.61 
                 0.75 
                 &gt;0.60  
                 0.25 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                  29 
                  78 
                  14 
                  23 
                  78 
                  10 
                  19 
                 na 
                 9.5  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 13.9 
                 20.6 
                 13.9 
                 20.6 
                 13.9 
                 18.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 21.5 
                 298 
                 21.5 
                 304 
                 21.5 
                 20.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 43.9 
                 1420 
                 43.9 
                 1450 
                 43.9 
                 19.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.018 
                   
                 0.017 
                   
                 0.92 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0190 
                 0.003698 
                 0.0190 
                 0.0190 
               
               
                 Max 
                 470 
                 7540 
                 470 
                 7540 
                 470 
                 69.1 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 148 
                 28 
                 148 
                 27 
                 148 
                 17 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 16.2 
                 20.6 
                 16.2 
                 20.6 
                 16.2 
                 18.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 54.1 
                 23.7 
                 54.1 
                 23.7 
                 54.1 
                 20.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 447 
                 19.8 
                 447 
                 19.8 
                 447 
                 19.8 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.80 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.3378 
                 0.00398 
                 0.338 
                 0.00398 
                 0.338 
               
               
                 Max 
                 7540 
                 69.1 
                 7540 
                 69.1 
                 7540 
                 69.1 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 15 
                 288 
                 12 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 15.2 
                 20.6 
                 15.2 
                 20.6 
                 15.2 
                 13.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 28.8 
                 448 
                 28.8 
                 466 
                 2.82 
                 17.5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 86.4 
                 1770 
                 86.4 
                 1820 
                 86.4 
                 17.8 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0035 
                   
                 0.0031 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0190 
                 0.0190 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 46.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 152 
                 18 
                 152 
                 17 
                 152 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64  
                 0.55 
                 0.59 
                 0.62 
                 0.55 
                 0.57 
                 0.55 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                  0.078 
                  0.074 
                  0.062 
                  0.078 
                  0.076 
                  0.076 
                  0.085 
                  0.096 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.025 
                 0.55 
                 0.21 
                  0.046 
                 0.55 
                 0.35 
                 0.51 
                 0.98 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 148 
                 288  
                 152 
                 148 
                 288 
                 152 
                 148 
                 288  
                 152  
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  28 
                 15 
                  18 
                  27 
                  15 
                  17 
                  17 
                 12 
                 10 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 14.8 
                 8.27 
                 10.0  
                 14.8  
                 8.27 
                 10.0  
                 6.41 
                 7.00 
                 6.24 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 55% 
                 27% 
                 36% 
                 55% 
                 27% 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 26% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 6.24 
                 7.00 
                  0.103 
                 6.24 
                 7.00 
                  0.103 
                  0.103 
                 6.36 
                  0.103 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 33% 
                 26% 
                 11% 
                 33% 
                 26% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 26% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.103 
                  0.103 
                  0.0840 
                  0.103 
                  0.103 
                  0.0840 
                  0.0840 
                  0.103 
                  0.0840 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 19.8 
                 26.2  
                 22.0  
                 19.8 
                 26.2  
                 22.0  
                 19.8  
                 26.2  
                 22.0  
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 61% 
                 33% 
                 44% 
                 59% 
                 33% 
                 41% 
                 47% 
                 25% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 28.1 
                 36.6  
                 28.1  
                 28.1  
                 36.6 
                 28.1  
                 28.1  
                 36.6  
                 28.1  
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                 20% 
                 39% 
                 33% 
                 20% 
                 35% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 44.7 
                 57.5  
                 45.0  
                 44.7  
                 57.5  
                 45.0  
                 44.7  
                 57.5  
                 45.0  
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                  7% 
                 22% 
                 19% 
                  7% 
                 18% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.57  
                 2.0  
                 0.71 
                 0.56 
                 2.0  
                 0.73 
                 0.73 
                 2.1  
                 0.67 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.46  
                 0.42 
                 0.67 
                 0.44 
                 0.42 
                 0.69 
                 0.69 
                 0.41 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13  
                 0.36 
                 0.15 
                 0.12 
                 0.36 
                 0.15 
                 0.15 
                 0.37 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.6  
                 11 
                 3.4  
                 2.5  
                  11 
                 3.5  
                 3.5  
                 12 
                 4.2  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.7  
                 2.6  
                 0.73 
                 1.4  
                 2.6  
                 0.73 
                 1.0  
                 2.1  
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 0.37  
                 0.27 
                 0.69 
                 0.56 
                 0.27 
                 0.69 
                 1.0  
                 0.41 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.52  
                 0.48 
                 0.15 
                 0.42 
                 0.48 
                 0.15 
                 0.23 
                 0.37 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 5.8  
                 14 
                 3.5  
                 4.9  
                  14 
                 3.5  
                 4.3  
                 12 
                 4.1  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.9  
                 2.0  
                 2.2  
                 2.8  
                 2.0  
                 1.8  
                 1.5  
                 1.0  
                 1.0  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                 0.066 
                 0.42 
                 0.24 
                  0.073 
                 0.42 
                 0.36 
                 0.53 
                 1.0  
                 0.97 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.93  
                 0.36 
                 0.60 
                 0.91 
                 0.36 
                 0.50 
                 0.40 
                 0.14 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 9.2  
                 11 
                 7.8  
                 9.0  
                  11 
                 6.8  
                 5.9  
                 7.3  
                 5.4  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 5: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and in EDTA samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage R, I or F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 167000 
                 198000 
                 167000 
                 187000 
                 167000 
                 174000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 186000 
                 212000 
                 186000 
                 183000 
                 186000 
                 166000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 183000 
                 103000 
                 183000 
                 914000 
                 183000 
                 92300 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.27 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.67 
               
               
                 Min 
                 20700 
                 61200 
                 20700 
                 37100 
                 20700 
                 34500 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 548000 
                 2240000 
                 446000 
                 2240000 
                 378000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 158 
                 73 
                 158 
                 56 
                 158 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 175000 
                 202000 
                 175000 
                 192000 
                 175000 
                 245000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 193000 
                 200000 
                 193000 
                 182000 
                 193000 
                 197000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 144000 
                 73800 
                 144000 
                 65100 
                 144000 
                 103000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.80 
                   
                 0.95 
               
               
                 Min 
                 10800 
                 37577 
                 10800 
                 61200 
                 10800 
                 31500 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 410000 
                 2240000 
                 292000 
                 2240000 
                 308000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 380 
                 20 
                 380 
                 11 
                 380 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 174000 
                 195000 
                 174000 
                 182000 
                 174000 
                 173000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 193000 
                 212000 
                 193000 
                 186000 
                 193000 
                 164000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 175000 
                 110000 
                 175000 
                 106000 
                 175000 
                 99200 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.42 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.49 
               
               
                 Min 
                 20700 
                 23900 
                 20700 
                 37100 
                 20700 
                 34500 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 548000 
                 2240000 
                 552000 
                 2240000 
                 378000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 184 
                 64 
                 184 
                 62 
                 184 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                  0.61 
                 0.58 
                 0.57 
                 0.52 
                 0.52 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
                 0.56 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.041 
                 0.08 
                  0.042 
                  0.045 
                  0.089 
                  0.043 
                  0.080 
                 0.11 
                  0.073 
               
               
                 p 
                   0.0094 
                 0.23 
                  0.093 
                 0.61 
                 0.84 
                 0.85 
                 0.64 
                 0.58 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                   158 
                   380 
                   184 
                   158 
                   380 
                   184 
                   158 
                   380 
                   184 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                   73 
                   20 
                   64 
                   56 
                   11 
                   62 
                   15 
                    7 
                   18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 149000 
                 179000 
                 143000 
                 109000 
                 174000 
                 109000 
                 104000 
                 174000 
                  99900 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 52% 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 49% 
                 20% 
                 20% 
                 49% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 124000 
                 166000 
                 123000 
                  92900 
                 124000 
                  91600 
                 100000 
                  88200 
                  60300 
               
               
                 Sens2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 47% 
                 27% 
                 12% 
                 29% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 109000 
                 123000 
                  96600 
                  81100 
                 104000 
                  81100 
                  44000 
                  24100 
                  44000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 14% 
                 10% 
                 19% 
                 10% 
                  4% 
                  1% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 207000 
                 225000 
                 217000 
                 207000 
                 225000 
                 217000 
                 207000 
                 225000 
                 217000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 45% 
                 30% 
                 42% 
                 41% 
                 27% 
                 35% 
                 13% 
                 57% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 227000 
                 253000 
                 247000 
                 227000 
                 253000 
                 247000 
                 227000 
                 253000 
                 247000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                  5% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                  9% 
                 21% 
                 13% 
                 43% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 278000 
                 326000 
                 293000 
                 278000 
                 326000 
                 293000 
                 278000 
                 326000 
                 293000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                  5% 
                 20% 
                 16% 
                  0% 
                 18% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.6 
                 5.2  
                 1.3  
                 0.37 
                 0.99 
                 0.67 
                 4.1  
                 0.49 
                 2.2  
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                  0.31 
                 0.14 
                 0.51 
                  0.039 
                 0.99 
                 0.34 
                  0.091 
                 0.56 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.66 
                 0.60 
                 0.56 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 0.30 
                 0.80 
                  0.044 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 3.6 
                   45 
                 3.1  
                 0.95 
                 7.2  
                 1.5  
                   21 
                 5.5  
                 9.3  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.8 
                 9.8  
                 1.6  
                 0.69 
                 2.6  
                 0.38 
                 0.50 
                    0 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                  0.16 
                  0.032 
                 0.29 
                 0.39 
                 0.27 
                  0.035 
                 0.58 
                 na 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                  0.79 
                 1.2  
                 0.68 
                 0.29 
                 0.48 
                 0.16 
                  0.044 
                 na 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 4.2 
                   79 
                 3.7  
                 1.6  
                   13 
                 0.94 
                 5.7  
                 na 
                 4.1  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.8 
                 5.2  
                 2.0  
                 1.1  
                 0.99 
                 1.1  
                 2.8  
                 2.0  
                 2.6  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                  0.013 
                 0.14 
                 0.10 
                 0.89 
                 0.99 
                 0.80 
                 0.24 
                 0.42 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 0.60 
                 0.87 
                 0.47 
                 0.14 
                 0.52 
                 0.51 
                 0.36 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 6.5 
                   45 
                 4.5  
                 2.4  
                 7.2  
                 2.4  
                   15 
                   11 
                   11 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.9 
                 37.7 
                 24.9 
                 36.3 
                 24.9 
                 18.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 53.1 
                 48.0 
                 53.1 
                 54.1 
                 53.1 
                 40.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 160 
                 42.6 
                 160 
                 56.2 
                 160 
                 49.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.96 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 6.18 
                 1.77 
                 4.89 
                 1.77 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 243 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 176 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 157 
                 73 
                 157 
                 56 
                 157 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 31.1 
                 52.3 
                 31.1 
                 51.8 
                 31.1 
                 43.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 47.7 
                 60.3 
                 47.7 
                 60.2 
                 47.7 
                 37.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 108 
                 44.6 
                 108 
                 34.1 
                 108 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.81 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 8.18 
                 1.77 
                 19.4 
                 1.77 
                 8.28 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 192 
                 1900 
                 127 
                 1900 
                 94.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 379 
                 20 
                 379 
                 11 
                 379 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 31.8 
                 36.3 
                 31.8 
                 36.3 
                 31.8 
                 26.3 
               
               
                 Average 
                 61.4 
                 48.0 
                 61.4 
                 53.4 
                 61.4 
                 45.6 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 152 
                 43.1 
                 152 
                 55.5 
                 152 
                 45.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.68 
                 6.18 
                 2.68 
                 4.89 
                 2.68 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 243 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 176 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 183 
                 64 
                 183 
                 62 
                 183 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.68 
                 0.54 
                 0.63 
                 0.71 
                 0.55 
                 0.44 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.041 
                  0.067 
                  0.042 
                  0.045 
                  0.089 
                  0.043 
                  0.080 
                 0.11 
                  0.073 
               
               
                 p 
                  0.0019 
                  0.0060 
                 0.32 
                  0.0040 
                  0.016 
                 0.25 
                 0.45 
                 0.95 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  73 
                  20 
                  64 
                  56 
                  11 
                  62 
                  15 
                  7 
                  18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 26.3  
                 40.8  
                 25.8  
                 23.2  
                 37.1  
                 22.8  
                 10.7  
                 15.3  
                 17.6  
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 52% 
                 68% 
                 40% 
                 48% 
                 62% 
                 36% 
                 18% 
                 21% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 21.8  
                 33.9  
                 20.7  
                 19.4  
                 32.5  
                 19.4  
                 10.4  
                 9.30 
                 10.7  
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 44% 
                 56% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 54% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 13.4  
                 22.2  
                 14.3  
                 13.5  
                 28.7  
                 14.6  
                 8.28 
                 8.28 
                 9.30 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 24% 
                 35% 
                 19% 
                 24% 
                 45% 
                 19% 
                 10% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 37.7  
                 43.0  
                 50.4  
                 37.7  
                 43.0  
                 50.4  
                 37.7  
                 43.0  
                 50.4  
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 51% 
                 60% 
                 31% 
                 48% 
                 64% 
                 34% 
                 33% 
                 57% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 51.6  
                 57.5  
                 71.1  
                 51.6  
                 57.5  
                 71.1  
                 51.6  
                 57.5  
                 71.1  
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 50% 
                 19% 
                 34% 
                 36% 
                 16% 
                 33% 
                 14% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 88.5  
                 87.8  
                 105 
                 88.5  
                 87.8  
                 105 
                 88.5  
                 87.8  
                 105 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 15% 
                  5% 
                 14% 
                 27% 
                 11% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.6  
                 0.99 
                 2.1  
                 1.3  
                 &gt;2.0  
                 1.4  
                  0 
                 3.1  
                 0.80 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.28 
                 0.99 
                  0.098 
                 0.62 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.50 
                 na 
                 0.33 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.67 
                 0.14 
                 0.87 
                 0.48 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 0.32 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 4.0  
                 7.2  
                 5.0  
                 3.4  
                 na 
                 3.3  
                 na 
                  30 
                 3.2  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 3.9  
                 3.1  
                 2.4  
                 2.3  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 2.4  
                 0.78 
                  0 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                  0.0017 
                 0.17 
                  0.044 
                  0.075 
                 &lt;0.33 
                  0.042 
                 0.73 
                 na 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.7  
                 0.61 
                 1.0  
                 0.92 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 1.0  
                 0.19 
                 na 
                 3.2  
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 9.3  
                  16 
                 5.8  
                 5.8  
                 na 
                 5.5  
                 3.1  
                 na 
                 3.2  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.9  
                 5.4  
                 1.8  
                 2.7  
                 &gt;6.3  
                 1.6  
                 1.2  
                 3.1  
                 1.0  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                  0.017 
                  0.033 
                 0.20 
                  0.035 
                  &lt;0.091 
                 0.30 
                 0.75 
                 0.33 
                 0.97 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2  
                 1.1  
                 0.73 
                 1.1  
                 &gt;0.75 
                 0.67 
                 0.35 
                 0.32 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 6.8  
                  25 
                 4.3  
                 6.6  
                 na 
                 3.8  
                 4.4  
                  30 
                 3.8  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 6 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 63.6 
                 70.1 
                 63.6 
                 63.3 
                 63.6 
                 48.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 73.5 
                 76.7 
                 73.5 
                 74.2 
                 73.5 
                 53.6 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 46.5 
                 38.7 
                 46.5 
                 41.0 
                 46.5 
                 33.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.62 
                   
                 0.93 
                   
                 0.11 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.54 
                 28.3 
                 7.54 
                 3.36 
                 7.54 
                 4.29 
               
               
                 Max 
                 240 
                 250 
                 240 
                 212 
                 240 
                 133 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 157 
                 73 
                 157 
                 56 
                 157 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 64.7 
                 79.7 
                 64.7 
                 64.8 
                 64.7 
                 64.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 71.8 
                 89.9 
                 71.8 
                 83.3 
                 71.8 
                 723 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 41.0 
                 56.4 
                 41.0 
                 52.5 
                 41.0 
                 31.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.060 
                   
                 0.36 
                   
                 0.97 
               
               
                 Min 
                 3.36 
                 36.7 
                 3.36 
                 38.7 
                 3.36 
                 47.8 
               
               
                 Max 
                 288 
                 250 
                 288 
                 212 
                 288 
                 138 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 379 
                 20 
                 379 
                 11 
                 379 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 72.3 
                 68.0 
                 72.3 
                 61.4 
                 72.3 
                 49.1 
               
               
                 Average 
                 82.2 
                 72.7 
                 82.2 
                 73.4 
                 82.2 
                 60.5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 53.1 
                 29.6 
                 53.1 
                 43.1 
                 53.1 
                 36.4 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.093 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.54 
                 28.3 
                 7.54 
                 3.36 
                 7.54 
                 4.29 
               
               
                 Max 
                 283 
                 154 
                 283 
                 250 
                 283 
                 133 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 183 
                 64 
                 183 
                 62 
                 183 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.59 
                 0.49 
                 0.53 
                 0.55 
                 0.47 
                 0.37 
                 0.53 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.041 
                  0.068 
                  0.042 
                  0.045 
                  0.091 
                  0.043 
                  0.080 
                 0.11 
                  0.073 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.22 
                 0.19 
                 0.78 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
                 0.45 
                 0.12 
                 0.80 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  73 
                  20 
                  64 
                  56 
                  11 
                  62 
                  15 
                  7 
                  18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 52.7  
                 48.3  
                 53.7  
                 49.6  
                 53.7  
                 47.6  
                 40.3  
                 53.7  
                 41.8  
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 32% 
                 36% 
                 37% 
                 40% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 43.4  
                 46.7  
                 43.4  
                 43.4  
                 52.1  
                 42.9  
                 36.5  
                 48.2  
                 36.5  
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 37% 
                 25% 
                 22% 
                 32% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 38.1  
                 43.4  
                 38.1  
                 36.5  
                 44.0  
                 36.5  
                 22.6  
                 47.7  
                 21.7  
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 18% 
                 22% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                  8% 
                 31% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 89.6  
                 87.7  
                 92.9  
                 89.6  
                 87.7  
                 92.9  
                 89.6  
                 87.7  
                 92.9  
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 22% 
                 25% 
                 18% 
                 26% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 102 
                 96.5  
                 114 
                 102 
                 96.5  
                 114 
                 102 
                 96.5  
                 114 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                 10% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 135 
                 121 
                 151 
                 135 
                 121 
                 151 
                 135 
                 121 
                 151 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  7% 
                 20% 
                  2% 
                  9% 
                 18% 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.7  
                 2.6  
                 2.0  
                 3.4  
                 4.1  
                 1.2  
                 1.0  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 0.67 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                  0.019 
                 0.27 
                  0.097 
                  0.010 
                 0.21 
                 0.63 
                 1.0  
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2  
                 0.48 
                 0.88 
                 1.3  
                 0.45 
                 0.52 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 6.4  
                  13 
                 4.8  
                 8.7  
                  37 
                 3.0  
                 7.4  
                 na 
                 4.2  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.6  
                 4.2  
                 2.4  
                 2.0  
                 4.1  
                 2.4  
                 4.0  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 2.6  
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                  0.025 
                  0.073 
                  0.043 
                 0.16 
                 0.21 
                  0.041 
                  0.097 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.1  
                 0.87 
                 1.0  
                 0.77 
                 0.45 
                 1.0  
                 0.78 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 6.1  
                  20 
                 5.5  
                 5.3  
                  38 
                 5.3  
                  20 
                 na 
                  11 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.7  
                 2.6  
                 1.3  
                 2.0  
                 2.0  
                 1.2  
                 2.1  
                 &gt;1.0  
                 2.2  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                 0.21 
                 0.27 
                 0.62 
                 0.17 
                 0.57 
                 0.63 
                 0.41 
                 &lt;1.0  
                 0.29 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.73 
                 0.48 
                 0.51 
                 0.75 
                 0.18 
                 0.52 
                 0.36 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 4.1  
                  13 
                 3.1  
                 5.2  
                  22 
                 3.0  
                  12 
                 na 
                 9.3  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 20.4 
                 20.9 
                 20.4 
                 25.2 
                 20.4 
                 17.7 
               
               
                 Average 
                 25.5 
                 24.6 
                 25.5 
                 33.1 
                 25.5 
                 33.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 17.7 
                 16.7 
                 17.7 
                 25.5 
                 17.7 
                 31.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.019 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 5.07 
                 0.00246 
                 6.76 
               
               
                 Max 
                 121 
                 72.6 
                 121 
                 133 
                 121 
                 113 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 156 
                 71 
                 156 
                 53 
                 156 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 71 
                 87 
                 53 
                 87 
                 15 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 21.3 
                 20.3 
                 21.3 
                 31.4 
                 21.3 
                 43.9 
               
               
                 Average 
                 27.2 
                 26.7 
                 27.2 
                 33.1 
                 27.2 
                 41.8 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 21.5 
                 17.9 
                 21.5 
                 14.4 
                 21.5 
                 29.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.92 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.079 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 7.08 
                 0.00246 
                 12.3 
                 0.00246 
                 14.3 
               
               
                 Max 
                 178 
                 72.6 
                 178 
                 61.8 
                 178 
                 98.8 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 372 
                 19 
                 372 
                 11 
                 372 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 173 
                 18 
                 173 
                 11 
                 173 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 21.1 
                 20.9 
                 21.1 
                 24.4 
                 21.1 
                 19.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 26.6 
                 24.6 
                 26.6 
                 34.1 
                 26.6 
                 31.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 21.4 
                 16.8 
                 21.4 
                 29.9 
                 21.4 
                 30.2 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.51 
                   
                 0.035 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 5.07 
                 0.00246 
                 4.60 
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 72.6 
                 198 
                 162 
                 198 
                 113 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 181 
                 63 
                 181 
                 59 
                 181 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 63 
                 88 
                 59 
                 88 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.58 
                 0.66 
                 0.56 
                 0.50 
                 0.67 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.042 
                  0.068 
                  0.043 
                  0.046 
                  0.091 
                  0.044 
                  0.078 
                 0.11 
                  0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.65 
                 0.98 
                 0.55 
                  0.095 
                  0.071 
                 0.16 
                 0.97 
                 0.14 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 156 
                 372 
                 181 
                 156 
                 372 
                 181 
                 156 
                 372 
                 181 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                  71 
                  19 
                  63 
                  53 
                  11 
                  59 
                  15 
                  7 
                  18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 13.6  
                 14.3  
                 13.6  
                 16.8  
                 25.6  
                 16.8  
                 14.7  
                 21.1  
                 14.7  
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 24% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
                 39% 
                 61% 
                 37% 
                 29% 
                 50% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 11.4  
                 11.7  
                 10.3  
                 13.5  
                 21.8  
                 13.5  
                 13.9  
                 16.1  
                 12.5  
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                 24% 
                 51% 
                 22% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 8.58 
                 8.58 
                 8.57 
                 11.0  
                 18.1  
                 11.0  
                 6.93 
                 14.3  
                 6.01 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 95% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                 15% 
                 41% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
                 26% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 30.9  
                 30.4  
                 30.9  
                 30.9  
                 30.4  
                 30.9  
                 30.9  
                 30.4  
                 30.9  
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 25% 
                 32% 
                 25% 
                 38% 
                 55% 
                 34% 
                 27% 
                 57% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 35.6  
                 37.3  
                 37.0  
                 35.6  
                 37.3  
                 37.0  
                 35.6  
                 37.3  
                 37.0  
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 18% 
                 21% 
                 16% 
                 32% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 57% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 47.0  
                 52.4  
                 45.5  
                 47.0  
                 52.4  
                 45.5  
                 47.0  
                 52.4  
                 45.5  
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 23% 
                  9% 
                 22% 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.4  
                 0.99 
                 1.3  
                 0.79 
                 0.99 
                 0.74 
                 1.7  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 1.3  
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.42 
                 0.99 
                 0.53 
                 0.63 
                 0.99 
                 0.50 
                 0.48 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.63 
                 0.28 
                 0.57 
                 0.31 
                  0.061 
                 0.30 
                 0.38 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 3.1  
                 3.5  
                 2.9  
                 2.0  
                  16 
                 1.8  
                 7.7  
                 na 
                 5.1  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.92 
                 0.78 
                 1.0  
                 1.2  
                 5.2  
                 1.2  
                 0.98 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.3  
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 0.83 
                 0.72 
                 1.0  
                 0.65 
                 0.14 
                 0.67 
                 0.98 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.20 
                 0.43 
                 0.50 
                 0.59 
                 0.52 
                 0.19 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.1  
                 3.0  
                 2.3  
                 3.0  
                  45 
                 2.7  
                 5.1  
                 na 
                 5.1  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.4  
                 0.99 
                 1.4  
                 1.6  
                 4.1  
                 1.4  
                 1.3  
                 &gt;4.1  
                 1.0  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                 0.38 
                 0.99 
                 0.41 
                 0.30 
                 0.21 
                 0.41 
                 0.72 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.28 
                 0.62 
                 0.66 
                 0.45 
                 0.62 
                 0.28 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 3.2  
                 3.5  
                 3.2  
                 3.7  
                  37 
                 3.2  
                 6.4  
                 na 
                 4.3  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.02 
                 3.84 
                 4.02 
                 4.08 
                 4.02 
                 3.93 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.29 
                 4.55 
                 4.29 
                 5.49 
                 4.29 
                 5.61 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.94 
                 6.28 
                 2.94 
                 5.39 
                 2.94 
                 3.80 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.043 
                   
                 0.12 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00226 
                 1.92 
               
               
                 Max 
                 15.0 
                 50.2 
                 15.0 
                 32.2 
                 15.0 
                 13.9 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 155 
                 72 
                 155 
                 54 
                 155 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 72 
                 87 
                 54 
                 87 
                 14 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.02 
                 2.23 
                 4.02 
                 4.58 
                 4.02 
                 3.61 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.43 
                 5.58 
                 4.43 
                 5.03 
                 4.43 
                 5.58 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.21 
                 11.4 
                 3.21 
                 3.31 
                 3.21 
                 6.34 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
               
               
                 Max 
                 21.0 
                 50.2 
                 21.0 
                 11.8 
                 21.0 
                 17.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 372 
                 19 
                 372 
                 11 
                 372 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 19 
                 174 
                 11 
                 174 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.74 
                 4.05 
                 3.74 
                 4.08 
                 3.74 
                 4.24 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.87 
                 3.93 
                 4.87 
                 5.98 
                 4.87 
                 5.34 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 7.41 
                 2.74 
                 7.41 
                 7.75 
                 7.41 
                 3.44 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.79 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00289 
                 0.00226 
                 1.92 
               
               
                 Max 
                 60.7 
                 12.2 
                 60.7 
                 50.2 
                 60.7 
                 13.9 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 64 
                 180 
                 60 
                 180 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 64 
                 88 
                 60 
                 88 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.38 
                 0.50 
                 0.54 
                 0.55 
                 0.56 
                 0.57 
                 0.50 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.041 
                  0.070 
                  0.042 
                  0.046 
                  0.091 
                  0.044 
                  0.083 
                 0.11 
                  0.075 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.45 
                  0.077 
                 0.93 
                 0.41 
                 0.55 
                 0.19 
                 0.40 
                 0.98 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 155  
                 372  
                 180  
                 155  
                 372  
                 180  
                 155  
                 372  
                 180  
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 72 
                 19 
                 64 
                 54 
                 11 
                 60 
                 14 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 1.92 
                  0.0204 
                 2.42 
                 2.92 
                 3.54 
                 2.92 
                 3.54 
                 1.59 
                 3.54 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                  9% 
                 31% 
                 34% 
                 42% 
                 40% 
                 41% 
                 16% 
                 46% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                  0.743 
                 0.00282 
                 1.18 
                 2.26 
                 2.89 
                 1.92 
                 2.26 
                 0.0204 
                 2.65 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 89% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 93% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 10% 
                  3% 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                 32% 
                 27% 
                 25% 
                  9% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.00282 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00282 
                  0.743 
                 2.42 
                  0.743 
                 2.26 
                 0.00226 
                 2.26 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 95% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  4% 
                  2% 
                  8% 
                 10% 
                 26% 
                 14% 
                 25% 
                  1% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 5.14 
                 5.42 
                 5.12 
                 5.14 
                 5.42 
                 5.12 
                 5.14 
                 5.42 
                 5.12 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 31% 
                 21% 
                 28% 
                 37% 
                 18% 
                 40% 
                 29% 
                 43% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 6.20 
                 6.52 
                 6.20 
                 6.20 
                 6.52 
                 6.20 
                 6.20 
                 6.52 
                 6.20 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 17% 
                 28% 
                 18% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 43% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 7.89 
                 8.40 
                 7.89 
                 7.89 
                 8.40 
                 7.89 
                 7.89 
                 8.40 
                 7.89 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                  9% 
                 19% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.92 
                 0.49 
                 1.3  
                 1.2  
                 3.0  
                 1.5  
                 1.4  
                 0 
                 8.0  
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.84 
                 0.42 
                 0.54 
                 0.65 
                 0.34 
                 0.39 
                 0.69 
                 na 
                  0.056 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                  0.088 
                 0.58 
                 0.50 
                 0.31 
                 0.62 
                 0.29 
                 na 
                 0.95 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.0  
                 2.7  
                 2.9  
                 3.0  
                 30 
                 3.4  
                 6.5  
                 na 
                 68 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.85 
                 0.74 
                 0.91 
                 1.0  
                 5.2  
                 1.1  
                 1.0  
                 0.33 
                 5.5  
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 0.68 
                 0.70 
                 0.83 
                 1.0  
                 0.14 
                 0.82 
                 1.0  
                 0.34 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.38 
                 0.16 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
                 0.59 
                 0.46 
                 0.19 
                  0.033 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 1.9  
                 3.4  
                 2.1  
                 2.5  
                 45 
                 2.7  
                 5.3  
                 3.2  
                 49 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.3  
                 2.7  
                 1.2  
                 1.4  
                 2.0  
                 1.9  
                 1.3  
                 1.0  
                 4.2  
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                 0.51 
                 0.10 
                 0.68 
                 0.41 
                 0.57 
                 0.15 
                 0.72 
                 0.99 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.60 
                 0.82 
                 0.53 
                 0.60 
                 0.18 
                 0.80 
                 0.28 
                 0.20 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.8  
                 8.9  
                 2.7  
                 3.4  
                 22 
                 4.3  
                 6.4  
                 5.1  
                 39 
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 35400 
                 42600 
                 35400 
                 43100 
                 35400 
                 48800 
               
               
                 Average 
                 43000 
                 57500 
                 43000 
                 54500 
                 43000 
                 49500 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 32700 
                 49300 
                 32700 
                 44800 
                 32700 
                 36500 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0085 
                   
                 0.042 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                 Min 
                 4620 
                 8430 
                 4620 
                 7440 
                 4620 
                 7440 
               
               
                 Max 
                 328000 
                 275000 
                 328000 
                 241000 
                 328000 
                 133000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 158 
                 73 
                 158 
                 56 
                 158 
                 15 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                 sCr only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 38700 
                 56400 
                 38700 
                 69400 
                 38700 
                 65700 
               
               
                 Average 
                 47300 
                 62400 
                 47300 
                 90000 
                 47300 
                 74800 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 34800 
                 38900 
                 34800 
                 58000 
                 34800 
                 40700 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.062 
                   
                 1.1E−4 
                   
                 0.040 
               
               
                 Min 
                 3600 
                 13600 
                 3600 
                 19800 
                 3600 
                 11600 
               
               
                 Max 
                 328000 
                 165000 
                 328000 
                 196000 
                 328000 
                 133000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 380 
                 20 
                 380 
                 11 
                 380 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 37700 
                 40000 
                 37700 
                 36800 
                 37700 
                 42800 
               
               
                 Average 
                 48100 
                 56100 
                 48100 
                 49300 
                 48100 
                 69100 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 36900 
                 51500 
                 36900 
                 40400 
                 36900 
                 107000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.83 
                   
                 0.073 
               
               
                 Min 
                 4620 
                 8430 
                 4620 
                 7440 
                 4620 
                 7440 
               
               
                 Max 
                 328000 
                 275000 
                 328000 
                 241000 
                 328000 
                 483000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 184 
                 64 
                 184 
                 62 
                 184 
                 18 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 0.63 
                 0.52 
                 0.57 
                 0.74 
                 0.50 
                 0.55 
                 0.73 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 SE 
                  0.041 
                  0.068 
                  0.042 
                  0.045 
                  0.087 
                  0.042 
                  0.080 
                 0.11 
                  0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                  0.034 
                  0.054 
                 0.59 
                 0.13 
                 0.0051 
                 0.99 
                 0.53 
                  0.033 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                  158 
                  380 
                  184 
                  158 
                  380 
                  184 
                  158 
                  380 
                  184 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                   73 
                   20 
                   64 
                   56 
                   11 
                   62 
                   15 
                   7 
                   18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 30600 
                 46100 
                 29800 
                 30600 
                 52400 
                 30900 
                 23500 
                 58300 
                 25600 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 40% 
                 61% 
                 33% 
                 40% 
                 69% 
                 37% 
                 23% 
                 75% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 23500 
                 31900 
                 22700 
                 20400 
                 52100 
                 20100 
                 15200 
                 55100 
                 15700 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                  35 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 68% 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 72% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 18700 
                 20100 
                 18700 
                 14500 
                 29300 
                 14300 
                 12500 
                 11100 
                 12500 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                 30% 
                  6% 
                  4% 
                  4% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 46600 
                 53000 
                 52100 
                 46600 
                 53000 
                 52100 
                 46600 
                 53000 
                 52100 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 45% 
                 60% 
                 34% 
                 48% 
                 64% 
                 32% 
                 53% 
                 86% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 56200 
                 66300 
                 65300 
                 56200 
                 66300 
                 65300 
                 56200 
                 66300 
                 65300 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 37% 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 34% 
                 55% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                 43% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 78000 
                 84400 
                 91700 
                 78000 
                 84400 
                 91700 
                 78000 
                 84400 
                 91700 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 25% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
                 36% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
                 29% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.1  
                 0.49 
                 0.92 
                 0.88 
                 0.99 
                 0.60 
                   0 
                 0 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                 0.88 
                 0.42 
                 0.84 
                 0.78 
                 0.99 
                 0.23 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                  0.088 
                 0.41 
                 0.36 
                 0.061 
                 0.26 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.4  
                 2.7  
                 2.1  
                 2.2  
                   16 
                 1.4  
                 na 
                 na 
                 1.9  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 0.98 
                 1.5  
                 0.76 
                 0.90 
                 3.0  
                 0.85 
                 0.78 
                 2.0  
                 0.64 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                 0.96 
                 0.52 
                 0.53 
                 0.82 
                 0.34 
                 0.69 
                 0.73 
                 0.57 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 0.42 
                 0.33 
                 0.37 
                 0.31 
                 0.39 
                 0.19 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 2.2  
                 5.6  
                 1.8  
                 2.2  
                   30 
                 1.9  
                 3.1  
                   22 
                 2.4  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.4  
                 2.1  
                 1.4  
                 1.7  
                 6.3  
                 0.87 
                 1.2  
                 4.1  
                 0.80 
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                  0.026 
                 0.24 
                 0.43 
                 0.23 
                  0.092 
                 0.73 
                 0.78 
                 0.21 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.1  
                 0.61 
                 0.63 
                 0.72 
                 0.74 
                 0.39 
                 0.34 
                 0.45 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 95% CI  
                 5.3  
                 7.2  
                 3.0  
                 3.9  
                   53 
                 1.9  
                 4.3  
                   37 
                 2.8  
               
               
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.392 
                 0.374 
                 0.392 
                 0.399 
                  0.392 
                  0.329 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.509 
                 1.12 
                 0.509 
                 1.16 
                  0.509 
                  0.604 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.628 
                 3.14 
                 0.628 
                 4.21 
                  0.628 
                  0.563 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.020 
                   
                 0.061 
                   
                  0.59 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                    0.000152 
                   0.0793 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 6.96 
                 20.6 
                 6.96 
                 31.1 
                  6.96 
                  1.68 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 156 
                 72 
                 156 
                 54 
                 156    
                 14   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 72 
                 87 
                 54 
                 87   
                 14   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.396 
                 0.392 
                 0.396 
                 0.298 
                  0.396 
                  0.472 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.667 
                 0.825 
                 0.667 
                 0.693 
                  0.667 
                  0.673 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.42 
                 1.41 
                 1.42 
                 1.04 
                  1.42 
                  0.713 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.64 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                  0.99 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.106 
                    0.000152 
                  0.192 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 18.0 
                 4.75 
                 18.0 
                 3.65 
                 18.0  
                  2.24 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 371 
                 19 
                 371 
                 11 
                 371    
                 7   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 173 
                 19 
                 173 
                 11 
                 173    
                 7   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.383 
                 0.363 
                 0.383 
                 0.399 
                  0.383 
                   0.365 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.756 
                 1.14 
                 0.756 
                 1.06 
                  0.756 
                   0.550 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.51 
                 3.29 
                 2.51 
                 3.99 
                  2.51 
                   0.524 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.33 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                  0.74 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                 0.000152 
                    0.000152 
                   0.0793 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 20.6 
                 32.1 
                 31.1 
                 32.1  
                  1.68 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 181 
                 64 
                 181 
                 60 
                 181    
                 17   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 64 
                 88 
                 60 
                 88   
                 17   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.45 
                 0.51 
                 0.50 
                  0.46 
                  0.52 
                  0.51 
                  0.54 
                  0.49 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.070 
                 0.042 
                 0.046 
                  0.090 
                  0.043 
                  0.081 
                  0.11 
                  0.074 
               
               
                 P 
                 1.00 
                 0.43 
                 0.82 
                 1.00 
                  0.62 
                  0.70 
                  0.92 
                  0.69 
                  0.93 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 156 
                 371 
                 181 
                 156 
                 371    
                 181    
                 156    
                 371    
                 181    
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 72 
                 19 
                 64 
                 54 
                 11   
                 60   
                 14   
                 7   
                 17   
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.188 
                 0.134 
                 0.192 
                 0.274 
                  0.188 
                  0.274 
                  0.238 
                  0.286 
                  0.238 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  74% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 82% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                  71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 20% 
                  13% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 21% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                  34% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.117 
                 0.00127 
                 0.126 
                 0.134 
                  0.188 
                  0.179 
                  0.139 
                  0.278 
                  0.139 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  84% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 12% 
                  1% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 14% 
                  33% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.0201 
                 0 
                 0.0796 
                 0.106 
                  0.134 
                  0.126 
                  0.134 
                  0.188 
                  0.134 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 13% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                  21% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 0.589 
                 0.645 
                 0.587 
                 0.589 
                  0.645 
                  0.587 
                  0.589 
                  0.645 
                  0.587 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 35% 
                  32% 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 18% 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.695 
                 0.799 
                 0.717 
                 0.695 
                  0.799 
                  0.717 
                  0.695 
                  0.799 
                  0.717 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 32% 
                  21% 
                 27% 
                 19% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 36% 
                  14% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 0.913 
                 1.20 
                 0.967 
                 0.913 
                  1.20 
                  0.967 
                  0.913 
                  1.20 
                  0.967 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 24% 
                  11% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 21% 
                  14% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 1.0 
                 0.93 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                  0.97 
                 2.0 
                  0.38 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.028 
                 0.32 
                 1.0 
                 0.87 
                  0.99 
                 1.0 
                  0.97 
                  0.57 
                  0.27 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 0.12 
                 0.45 
                 0.39 
                  0.14 
                  0.43 
                  0.23 
                  0.18 
                  0.071 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.90 
                 2.0 
                 2.2 
                 2.2 
                 7.3 
                 2.3 
                 4.2 
                 22   
                 2.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 0.44 
                 0.32 
                 0.63 
                 0.91 
                 1.5 
                 1.1 
                  0.23 
                 2.0 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.046 
                 0.17 
                 0.29 
                 0.82 
                  0.65 
                  0.83 
                  0.20 
                  0.57 
                  0.75 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 0.063 
                 0.27 
                 0.38 
                  0.25 
                  0.47 
                  0.025 
                  0.18 
                  0.35 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.99 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 2.2 
                 9.3 
                 2.5 
                 2.2 
                 23   
                 4.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.1 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
                  0.80 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.85 
                 0.57 
                 0.89 
                 0.95 
                  0.41 
                  0.57 
                  0.75 
                  0.57 
                  0.75 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.51 
                 0.46 
                 0.48 
                 0.43 
                  0.37 
                  0.56 
                  0.31 
                  0.18 
                  0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 2.3 
                 4.1 
                 2.3 
                 2.4 
                 12   
                 2.9 
                 5.0 
                 22   
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.170 
                 0.194 
                 0.170 
                 0.119 
                 0.170 
                 0.0550 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.199 
                 0.224 
                 0.199 
                 0.162 
                 0.199 
                 0.107 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.167 
                 0.236 
                 0.167 
                 0.209 
                 0.167 
                 0.129 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.36 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.040 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.948 
                 1.41 
                 0.948 
                 1.20 
                 0.948 
                 0.347 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 157 
                 73 
                 157 
                 56 
                 157 
                 15 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.145 
                 0.203 
                 0.145 
                 0.136 
                 0.145 
                 0.103 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.193 
                 0.293 
                 0.193 
                 0.210 
                 0.193 
                 0.113 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.190 
                 0.307 
                 0.190 
                 0.196 
                 0.190 
                 0.0833 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.027 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.27 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 2.92E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 1.41 
                 1.32 
                 1.41 
                 0.619 
                 1.41 
                 0.254 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 379 
                 20 
                 379 
                 11 
                 379 
                 7 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.176 
                 0.168 
                 0.176 
                 0.129 
                 0.176 
                 0.0787 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.219 
                 0.209 
                 0.219 
                 0.158 
                 0.219 
                 0.148 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.216 
                 0.233 
                 0.216 
                 0.193 
                 0.216 
                 0.160 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.048 
                   
                 0.17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.09 
                 1.41 
                 2.09 
                 1.20 
                 2.09 
                 0.522 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 183 
                 64 
                 183 
                 62 
                 183 
                 18 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.62 
                 0.48 
                 0.39 
                 0.52 
                 0.37 
                  0.31 
                  0.38 
                  0.36 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.068 
                 0.042 
                 0.045 
                 0.089 
                 0.042 
                  0.078 
                  0.11 
                  0.073 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.50 
                 0.080 
                 0.57 
                 0.014 
                 0.82 
                 0.0016 
                  0.014 
                  0.29 
                  0.062 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157    
                 379    
                 183    
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 73 
                 20 
                 64 
                 56 
                 11 
                 62 
                 15   
                 7   
                 18   
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.107 
                 0.150 
                 0.106 
                 0.0421 
                 0.0860 
                 0.0449 
                   0.0123 
                   0.0885 
                   0.0430 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                  71% 
                  72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 34% 
                 51% 
                 31% 
                 17% 
                 33% 
                 14% 
                  11% 
                  33% 
                  14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0726 
                 0.125 
                 0.0718 
                 0.0375 
                 0.0804 
                 0.0375 
                 8.23E−5 
                   0.0423 
                 8.23E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                  80% 
                  86% 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 45% 
                 20% 
                 15% 
                 31% 
                 12% 
                  4% 
                  18% 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0209 
                 0.0804 
                 0.0209 
                 0.00457 
                 0.0240 
                 0.00457 
                 0   
                 2.92E−5 
                 0   
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 31% 
                  9% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                  1% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 0.255 
                 0.238 
                 0.267 
                 0.255 
                 0.238 
                 0.267 
                  0.255 
                  0.238 
                  0.267 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 34% 
                 40% 
                 25% 
                 11% 
                 27% 
                 11% 
                  20% 
                  14% 
                  28% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 0.308 
                 0.297 
                 0.321 
                 0.308 
                 0.297 
                 0.321 
                  0.308 
                  0.297 
                  0.321 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 16% 
                 30% 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 27% 
                 10% 
                  13% 
                  0% 
                  22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 0.442 
                 0.401 
                 0.450 
                 0.442 
                 0.401 
                 0.450 
                  0.442 
                  0.401 
                  0.450 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 15% 
                  3% 
                  9% 
                 18% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.5 
                 5.2 
                 1.0 
                 2.9 
                 2.0 
                 2.6 
                  0.32 
                 &gt;2.1  
                  0.49 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.34 
                 0.14 
                 1.0 
                 0.048 
                 0.42 
                 0.060 
                  0.33 
                 &lt;0.56 
                  0.42 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 0.59 
                 0.44 
                 1.0 
                 0.36 
                 0.96 
                  0.032 
                 &gt;0.18 
                  0.086 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.3 
                 45 
                 2.3 
                 8.2 
                 11 
                 6.8 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.4 
                 6.3 
                 1.3 
                 3.2 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                  0.65 
                 &gt;3.1  
                  0.75 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.41 
                 0.092 
                 0.54 
                 0.030 
                 1.0 
                 0.024 
                  0.65 
                 &lt;0.33 
                  0.72 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.62 
                 0.74 
                 0.58 
                 1.1 
                 0.14 
                 1.2 
                  0.10 
                 &gt;0.32 
                  0.16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 3.1 
                 53 
                 2.9 
                 8.9 
                 7.2 
                 8.0 
                 4.1 
                 na 
                 3.5 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.4 
                 8.5 
                 1.1 
                 5.2 
                 1.5 
                 4.8 
                 3.5 
                 &gt;2.1  
                 2.6 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.45 
                 0.045 
                 0.79 
                 0.0013 
                 0.66 
                 0.0012 
                  0.074 
                 &lt;0.56 
                  0.14 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
                 1.9 
                 0.25 
                 1.9 
                  0.88 
                 &gt;0.18 
                  0.74 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 3.1 
                 69 
                 2.5 
                 14 
                 9.2 
                 12 
                 14   
                 na 
                 9.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0454 
                 0.0567 
                 0.0454 
                 0.0514 
                   0.0454 
                   0.00987 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.191 
                 0.198 
                 0.191 
                 0.179 
                  0.191 
                   0.0861 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.446 
                 0.496 
                 0.446 
                 0.296 
                  0.446 
                  0.134 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                  0.37 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 9.65E−6 
                 7.01E−5 
                 9.65E−6 
                 4.60E−6 
                 9.65E−6 
                   0.00288 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.21 
                 3.36 
                 3.21 
                 1.29 
                  3.21 
                  0.438 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 157 
                 73 
                 157 
                 56 
                 157    
                 15   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 56 
                 88   
                 15   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0532 
                 0.0603 
                 0.0532 
                 0.105 
                   0.0532 
                   0.0913 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.224 
                 0.186 
                 0.224 
                 0.309 
                  0.224 
                  0.300 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.578 
                 0.355 
                 0.578 
                 0.413 
                  0.578 
                  0.421 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.77 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                  0.73 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.00263 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.0202 
                 4.60E−6 
                   0.00631 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 5.72 
                 1.39 
                 5.72 
                 1.25 
                  5.72 
                  1.15 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 379 
                 20 
                 379 
                 11 
                 379    
                 7   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 176 
                 20 
                 176 
                 11 
                 176    
                 7   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0535 
                 0.0831 
                 0.0535 
                 0.0496 
                   0.0535 
                   0.0281 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.213 
                 0.208 
                 0.213 
                 0.229 
                  0.213 
                  0.246 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.445 
                 0.504 
                 0.445 
                 0.423 
                  0.445 
                  0.519 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.80 
                   
                  0.76 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 9.65E−6 
                 7.01E−5 
                 9.65E−6 
                 4.60E−6 
                 9.65E−6 
                   0.00288 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.21 
                 3.36 
                 3.21 
                 2.11 
                  3.21 
                  2.05 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 183 
                 64 
                 183 
                 62 
                 183    
                 18   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 62 
                 89   
                 18   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.53 
                 0.51 
                 0.51 
                  0.66 
                  0.48 
                  0.38 
                  0.60 
                  0.41 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.067 
                 0.042 
                 0.045 
                  0.091 
                  0.043 
                  0.080 
                  0.11 
                  0.073 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.51 
                 0.61 
                 0.75 
                 0.82 
                  0.074 
                  0.67 
                  0.14 
                  0.40 
                  0.22 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 157 
                 379 
                 183 
                 157 
                 379    
                 183    
                 157    
                 379    
                 183    
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 73 
                 20 
                 64 
                 56 
                 11   
                 62   
                 15   
                 7   
                 18   
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0172 
                 0.0301 
                 0.0209 
                 0.0138 
                   0.0787 
                   0.0139 
                   0.00459 
                  0.0541 
                   0.00472 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 24% 
                 37% 
                 23% 
                 22% 
                 61% 
                 15% 
                 10% 
                  51% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0111 
                 0.0164 
                 0.0109 
                 0.00901 
                   0.0288 
                   0.00901 
                   0.00440 
                   0.00953  
                   0.00440 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                  86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 20% 
                 28% 
                 13% 
                 18% 
                 37% 
                 11% 
                 10% 
                  21% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.00481 
                 0.0157 
                 0.00481 
                 0.00323 
                   0.0241 
                   0.00323 
                   0.00301 
                   0.00624  
                   0.00288 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 27% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
                 34% 
                  3% 
                  8% 
                  15% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0859 
                 0.121 
                 0.120 
                 0.0859 
                  0.121 
                  0.120 
                   0.0859 
                  0.121 
                  0.120 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 30% 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 45% 
                 37% 
                 27% 
                  43% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 0.133 
                 0.224 
                 0.182 
                 0.133 
                  0.224 
                  0.182 
                  0.133 
                  0.224 
                  0.182 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 10% 
                 31% 
                 34% 
                 27% 
                 31% 
                 27% 
                  29% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 0.546 
                 0.500 
                 0.584 
                 0.546 
                  0.500 
                  0.584 
                  0.546 
                  0.500 
                  0.584 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 10% 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                 27% 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                  29% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.53 
                 4.2 
                 0.46 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;3.1  
                  0.34 
                  0.23 
                 0   
                  0.15 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.14 
                 0.073 
                 0.080 
                 0.081 
                 &lt;0.34 
                  0.016 
                  0.20 
                 na 
                  0.088 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.23 
                 0.87 
                 0.19 
                 0.19 
                 &gt;0.31 
                  0.14 
                  0.025 
                 na 
                  0.018 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 20 
                 1.1 
                 1.1 
                 na 
                  0.82 
                 2.2 
                 na 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.79 
                 2.6 
                 0.76 
                 0.35 
                 &gt;4.2  
                  0.43 
                  0.48 
                 1.0 
                  0.48 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.55 
                 0.27 
                 0.51 
                 0.027 
                 &lt;0.21 
                  0.048 
                  0.41 
                 1.0 
                  0.32 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.48 
                 0.34 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.46 
                  0.19 
                  0.082 
                  0.14 
                  0.11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 1.7 
                 13 
                 1.7 
                 0.89 
                 na 
                  0.99 
                 2.7 
                 7.2 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.2 
                 2.6 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;4.1  
                 1.0 
                 2.2 
                 1.5 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.61 
                 0.27 
                 0.60 
                 0.74 
                 &lt;0.21 
                  0.95 
                  0.22 
                  0.66 
                  0.54 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 0.48 
                 0.57 
                 0.52 
                 &gt;0.45 
                  0.49 
                  0.62 
                  0.25 
                  0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 2.6 
                 13 
                 2.6 
                 2.5 
                 na 
                 2.2 
                 8.0 
                 9.2 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 14.8 
                 15.5 
                 14.8 
                 18.1 
                 14.8 
                 19.0 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 17.6 
                 20.5 
                 17.6 
                 26.0 
                 17.6 
                 22.0 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 11.1 
                 16.7 
                 11.1 
                 23.4 
                 11.1 
                 16.8 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 5.2E−4 
                   
                 0.17 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.52 
                 7.53 
                 5.52 
                 5.96 
                 5.52 
                 5.20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 98.9 
                 109 
                 98.9 
                 113 
                 98.9 
                 69.4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 156 
                 70 
                 156 
                 54 
                 156 
                 14 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 70 
                 87 
                 54 
                 87 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 15.6 
                 18.1 
                 15.6 
                 18.3 
                 15.6 
                 25.9 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 18.6 
                 24.9 
                 18.6 
                 23.3 
                 18.6 
                 33.9 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 12.4 
                 24.3 
                 12.4 
                 14.1 
                 12.4 
                 19.4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.042 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.0016 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.20 
                 9.73 
                 5.20 
                 8.57 
                 5.20 
                 9.67 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 113 
                 109 
                 113 
                 50.8 
                 113 
                 61.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 371 
                 19 
                 371 
                 10 
                 371 
                 7 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 173 
                 19 
                 173 
                 10 
                 173 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 15.5 
                 15.5 
                 15.5 
                 18.1 
                 15.5 
                 21.1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 20.2 
                 19.5 
                 20.2 
                 26.9 
                 20.2 
                 21.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 19.3 
                 13.6 
                 19.3 
                 24.7 
                 19.3 
                 14.6 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.031 
                   
                 0.79 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.52 
                 7.53 
                 5.52 
                 5.96 
                 5.52 
                 5.20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 186 
                 73.8 
                 186 
                 113 
                 186 
                 69.4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 62 
                 180 
                 60 
                 180 
                 17 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 62 
                 88 
                 60 
                 88 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 0.52 
                 0.62 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
                 0.57 
                 0.78 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.042 
                 0.070 
                 0.043 
                 0.046 
                 0.096 
                 0.043 
                 0.083 
                 0.10 
                 0.075 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 0.60 
                 0.0082 
                 0.29 
                 0.014 
                 0.41 
                 0.0073 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 156 
                 371 
                 180 
                 156 
                 371 
                 180 
                 156 
                 371 
                 180 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 70 
                 19 
                 62 
                 54 
                 10 
                 60 
                 14 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 13.6 
                 14.7 
                 13.2 
                 15.8 
                 17.4 
                 15.9 
                 11.5 
                 22.5 
                 17.1 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                  71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 45% 
                 45% 
                 39% 
                 54% 
                 61% 
                 51% 
                 26% 
                  80% 
                 57% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 12.8 
                 13.8 
                 12.4 
                 12.6 
                 12.1 
                 13.7 
                 8.14 
                 21.3 
                 11.2 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 38% 
                 39% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 26% 
                 42% 
                  6% 
                  78% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 10.4 
                 11.5 
                 10.3 
                 10.2 
                 8.69 
                 10.4 
                 5.52 
                 9.66 
                 5.52 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 95% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 18% 
                 22% 
                 16% 
                 17% 
                  7% 
                 17% 
                  1% 
                  10% 
                  1% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 19.4 
                 19.5 
                 20.2 
                 19.4 
                 19.5 
                 20.2 
                 19.4 
                 19.5 
                 20.2 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 37% 
                 26% 
                 37% 
                 40% 
                 33% 
                 50% 
                  86% 
                 59% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 21.3 
                 22.5 
                 22.8 
                 21.3 
                 22.5 
                 22.8 
                 21.3 
                 22.5 
                 22.8 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 16% 
                 18% 
                 31% 
                 40% 
                 27% 
                 36% 
                  71% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 26.6 
                 29.0 
                 31.2 
                 26.6 
                 29.0 
                 31.2 
                 26.6 
                 29.0 
                 31.2 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                  43% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.1 
                 2.6 
                 2.2 
                 1.4 
                 0.49 
                 2.0 
                 0.23 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.010 
                 0.27 
                 0.072 
                 0.48 
                 0.57 
                 0.16 
                 0.19 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.3 
                 0.48 
                 0.93 
                 0.53 
                 0.044 
                 0.76 
                 0.024 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 74 
                 13 
                 5.1 
                 3.9 
                 5.5 
                 5.1 
                 2.1 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.4 
                 3.1 
                 1.8 
                 2.9 
                 1.5 
                 3.2 
                 0.73 
                 0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.055 
                 0.17 
                 0.20 
                 0.027 
                 0.65 
                 0.012 
                 0.69 
                 na 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.98 
                 0.62 
                 0.74 
                 1.1 
                 0.25 
                 1.3 
                 0.15 
                 na 
                 0.27 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 5.7 
                 16 
                 4.2 
                 7.5 
                 9.3 
                 8.1 
                 3.5 
                 na 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.1 
                 3.1 
                 1.3 
                 2.6 
                 2.0 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
                 6.3 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.095 
                 0.17 
                 0.53 
                 0.049 
                 0.42 
                 0.030 
                 0.53 
                 0.092 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.88 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
                 1.0 
                 0.36 
                 1.1 
                 0.40 
                 0.74 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 5.1 
                 16 
                 3.2 
                 6.7 
                 11 
                 7.0 
                 5.9 
                 53 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 477 
                 610 
                 477 
                 714 
                 477 
                 860 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 830 
                 1060 
                 830 
                 1140 
                 830 
                 938 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1330 
                 1520 
                 1330 
                 1500 
                 1330 
                 817 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 94.2 
                 86.2 
                 94.2 
                 160 
                 94.2 
                 143 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 13100 
                 9040 
                 13100 
                 9500 
                 13100 
                 3300 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 158 
                 73 
                 158 
                 55 
                 158 
                 15 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 73 
                 88 
                 55 
                 88 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 564 
                 756 
                 564 
                 1140 
                 564 
                 642 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 1010 
                 1070 
                 1010 
                 1470 
                 1010 
                 664 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1680 
                 983 
                 1680 
                 1470 
                 1680 
                 226 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 43.9 
                 205 
                 43.9 
                 180 
                 43.9 
                 385 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 18400 
                 4250 
                 18400 
                 5760 
                 18400 
                 1030 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 378 
                 20 
                 378 
                 11 
                 378 
                 7 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 20 
                 175 
                 11 
                 175 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 527 
                 668 
                 527 
                 684 
                 527 
                 852 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 1330 
                 1100 
                 1330 
                 1050 
                 1330 
                 942 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2900 
                 1570 
                 2900 
                 1320 
                 2900 
                 738 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.55 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.57 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 63.0 
                 86.2 
                 63.0 
                 160 
                 63.0 
                 143 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 26100 
                 9040 
                 26100 
                 9500 
                 26100 
                 3300 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 184 
                 64 
                 184 
                 61 
                 184 
                 18 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 64 
                 89 
                 61 
                 89 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.59 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 0.73 
                 0.55 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.068 
                 0.042 
                 0.046 
                 0.088 
                 0.043 
                 0.080 
                 0.11 
                 0.073 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.019 
                 0.18 
                 0.18 
                 0.027 
                 0.0098 
                 0.22 
                 0.15 
                 0.67 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 158 
                 378 
                 184 
                 158 
                 378 
                 184 
                 158 
                 378 
                 184 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 73 
                 20 
                 64 
                 55 
                 11 
                 61 
                 15 
                 7 
                 18 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 417 
                 486 
                 434 
                 357 
                 1030 
                 394 
                 411 
                 624 
                 565 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 41% 
                 44% 
                 40% 
                 37% 
                 76% 
                 37% 
                 41% 
                  56% 
                 55% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 371 
                 450 
                 379 
                 256 
                 901 
                 265 
                 379 
                 417 
                 411 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  86% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 40% 
                 39% 
                 36% 
                 18% 
                 70% 
                 20% 
                 41% 
                  35% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 221 
                 257 
                 221 
                 228 
                 720 
                 240 
                 162 
                 382 
                 162 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 16% 
                 15% 
                 16% 
                 62% 
                 16% 
                  7% 
                  32% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 678 
                 901 
                 886 
                 678 
                 901 
                 886 
                 678 
                 901 
                 886 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 47% 
                 40% 
                 34% 
                 55% 
                 82% 
                 43% 
                 60% 
                  14% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 895 
                 1180 
                 1200 
                 895 
                 1180 
                 1200 
                 895 
                 1180 
                 1200 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 34% 
                 35% 
                 23% 
                 45% 
                 45% 
                 31% 
                 40% 
                  0% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 1840 
                 2000 
                 2700 
                 1840 
                 2000 
                 2700 
                 1840 
                 2000 
                 2700 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
                  9% 
                  5% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 0.50 
                 0 
                 0.82 
                 0.65 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.43 
                 0.71 
                 0.38 
                 0.16 
                 na 
                 0.66 
                 0.65 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 0.29 
                 0.62 
                 0.19 
                 na 
                 0.34 
                 0.10 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.2 
                 6.1 
                 3.5 
                 1.3 
                 na 
                 2.0 
                 4.1 
                 na 
                 4.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 2.2 
                 0.65 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;4.2 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.32 
                 0.32 
                 0.065 
                 0.36 
                 0.57 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 0.50 
                 0.95 
                 0.26 
                 0.18 
                 0.43 
                 0.19 
                 &gt;0.46 
                 0.74 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 3.5 
                 8.5 
                 5.1 
                 1.6 
                 23 
                 2.3 
                 5.3 
                 na 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.6 
                 2.4 
                 1.9 
                 2.1 
                 8.5 
                 1.7 
                 2.5 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.022 
                 0.21 
                 0.14 
                 0.081 
                 0.045 
                 0.18 
                 0.20 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.1 
                 0.60 
                 0.81 
                 0.92 
                 1.0 
                 0.78 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.8 
                 9.6 
                 4.4 
                 4.7 
                 70 
                 3.8 
                 10 
                 na 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 6: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R) and in EDTA samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage I or F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 31.6 
                 39.3 
                 31.6 
                 42.7 
                 31.6 
                 47.1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 48.9 
                 60.6 
                 48.9 
                 69.8 
                 48.9 
                 58.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 111 
                 63.3 
                 111 
                 69.1 
                 111 
                 48.0 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.28 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 9.35 
                 1.77 
                 12.8 
                 1.77 
                 8.79 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 243 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 179 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 356 
                 28 
                 356 
                 34 
                 356 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 28 
                 175 
                 34 
                 175 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 32.7 
                 39.3 
                 32.7 
                 44.3 
                 32.7 
                 49.6 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 50.3 
                 60.2 
                 50.3 
                 69.5 
                 50.3 
                 61.2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 112 
                 63.1 
                 112 
                 68.2 
                 112 
                 49.3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.64 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.68 
                 9.35 
                 2.68 
                 12.8 
                 2.68 
                 8.79 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 243 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 179 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 347 
                 28 
                 347 
                 35 
                 347 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 161 
                 28 
                 161 
                 35 
                 161 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.053 
                 nd 
                 0.052 
                 0.065 
                 nd 
                 0.069 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.0043 
                 nd 
                 0.0068 
                 0.050 
                 nd 
                 0.054 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 34 
                 nd 
                 35 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29.1 
                 nd 
                 29.1 
                 30.3 
                 nd 
                 30.3 
                 25.8 
                 nd 
                 28.9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
                 48% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 19.0 
                 nd 
                 19.0 
                 25.0 
                 nd 
                 27.0 
                 22.1 
                 nd 
                 24.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 13.6 
                 nd 
                 13.6 
                 22.1 
                 nd 
                 22.1 
                 15.3 
                 nd 
                 17.6 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 16% 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 44.8 
                 nd 
                 45.5 
                 44.8 
                 nd 
                 45.5 
                 44.8 
                 nd 
                 45.5 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 65% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 61.9 
                 nd 
                 62.7 
                 61.9 
                 nd 
                 62.7 
                 61.9 
                 nd 
                 62.7 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 87.8 
                 nd 
                 88.3 
                 87.8 
                 nd 
                 88.3 
                 87.8 
                 nd 
                 88.3 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 5.4 
                 nd 
                 6.6 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.76 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 0.033 
                 nd 
                 0.015 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 4.6 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 31 
                 7.3 
                 nd 
                 6.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 5.5 
                 nd 
                 4.3 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.031 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 0.88 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.3 
                 nd 
                 5.2 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 21 
                 7.3 
                 nd 
                 7.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.9 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 6.6 
                 nd 
                 7.3 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.015 
                 nd 
                 0.010 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 0.83 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.8 
                 nd 
                 5.2 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 22.0 
                 26.7 
                 22.0 
                 26.2 
                 22.0 
                 23.7 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 27.4 
                 29.5 
                 27.4 
                 33.1 
                 27.4 
                 41.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 21.5 
                 20.0 
                 21.5 
                 24.5 
                 21.5 
                 41.2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.0056 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 4.44 
                 0.00246 
                 2.76 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 93.0 
                 198 
                 133 
                 198 
                 162 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 349 
                 28 
                 349 
                 32 
                 349 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 28 
                 172 
                 32 
                 172 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 21.7 
                 26.7 
                 21.7 
                 25.1 
                 21.7 
                 23.7 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 27.1 
                 29.8 
                 27.1 
                 32.8 
                 27.1 
                 40.0 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 21.5 
                 20.0 
                 21.5 
                 24.2 
                 21.5 
                 40.9 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.53 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.016 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 0.00246 
                 4.44 
                 0.00246 
                 2.76 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 93.0 
                 198 
                 133 
                 198 
                 162 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 340 
                 28 
                 340 
                 33 
                 340 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 158 
                 28 
                 158 
                 33 
                 158 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.055 
                 nd 
                 0.054 
                 0.065 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 17.0 
                 nd 
                 17.0 
                 18.8 
                 nd 
                 18.8 
                 14.3 
                 nd 
                 14.3 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 42% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 12.3 
                 nd 
                 12.3 
                 17.0 
                 nd 
                 17.0 
                 11.7 
                 nd 
                 11.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 8.57 
                 nd 
                 8.57 
                 12.3 
                 nd 
                 12.3 
                 11.0 
                 nd 
                 11.0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 30.9 
                 nd 
                 30.4 
                 30.9 
                 nd 
                 30.4 
                 30.9 
                 nd 
                 30.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 39.0 
                 nd 
                 37.0 
                 39.0 
                 nd 
                 37.0 
                 39.0 
                 nd 
                 37.0 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 52.6 
                 nd 
                 50.7 
                 52.6 
                 nd 
                 50.7 
                 52.6 
                 nd 
                 50.7 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
                 1.9 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 5.8 
                 nd 
                 6.5 
                 3.5 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.78 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
                 0.76 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.6 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 2.6 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.088 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.87 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
                 7.6 
                 nd 
                 8.3 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.86 
                 3.89 
                 3.86 
                 4.40 
                 3.86 
                 4.54 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.76 
                 4.02 
                 4.76 
                 6.09 
                 4.76 
                 6.45 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.85 
                 2.57 
                 5.85 
                 7.48 
                 5.85 
                 6.05 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00289 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 60.7 
                 10.0 
                 60.7 
                 43.4 
                 60.7 
                 24.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 349 
                 28 
                 349 
                 33 
                 349 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 173 
                 28 
                 173 
                 33 
                 173 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.73 
                 3.63 
                 3.73 
                 4.36 
                 3.73 
                 4.54 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.62 
                 3.87 
                 4.62 
                 6.00 
                 4.62 
                 6.21 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.86 
                 2.68 
                 5.86 
                 7.39 
                 5.86 
                 5.63 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.20 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00289 
                 0.00226 
                 0.700 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 60.7 
                 10.0 
                 60.7 
                 43.4 
                 60.7 
                 24.5 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 340 
                 28 
                 340 
                 34 
                 340 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 28 
                 159 
                 34 
                 159 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.057 
                 0.054 
                 nd 
                 0.053 
                 0.065 
                 nd 
                 0.069 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.97 
                 nd 
                 0.90 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 34 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 3.11 
                 nd 
                 2.65 
                 3.09 
                 nd 
                 3.09 
                 2.89 
                 nd 
                 3.54 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 1.34 
                 nd 
                 0.549 
                 2.62 
                 nd 
                 2.62 
                 2.26 
                 nd 
                 2.65 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.00282 
                 nd 
                 0.00282 
                 1.78 
                 nd 
                 1.78 
                 0.743 
                 nd 
                 1.92 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 96% 
                 nd 
                 96% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.42 
                 nd 
                 5.30 
                 5.42 
                 nd 
                 5.30 
                 5.42 
                 nd 
                 5.30 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 6.65 
                 nd 
                 6.31 
                 6.65 
                 nd 
                 6.31 
                 6.65 
                 nd 
                 6.31 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 8.60 
                 nd 
                 8.27 
                 8.60 
                 nd 
                 8.27 
                 8.60 
                 nd 
                 8.27 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.77 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 5.2 
                 4.8 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 7.1 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 18 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.77 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 6.4 
                 6.3 
                 nd 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 39200 
                 48000 
                 39200 
                 33300 
                 39200 
                 47800 
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 49200 
                 62300 
                 49200 
                 53400 
                 49200 
                 46300 
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 41200 
                 42600 
                 41200 
                 51700 
                 41200 
                 25400 
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 3600 
                 13300 
                 3600 
                 10400 
                 3600 
                 12800 
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 483000 
                 180000 
                 483000 
                 239000 
                 483000 
                 104000 
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 28 
                 357 
                 34 
                 357 
                 22 
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 28 
                 175 
                 34 
                 175 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 40400 
                 48000 
                 40400 
                 34000 
                 40400 
                 41700 
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 49800 
                 59800 
                 49800 
                 55800 
                 49800 
                 44900 
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 41400 
                 38100 
                 41400 
                 52800 
                 41400 
                 26200 
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 3600 
                 13300 
                 3600 
                 10400 
                 3600 
                 12800 
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 483000 
                 180000 
                 483000 
                 239000 
                 483000 
                 104000 
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 348 
                 28 
                 348 
                 35 
                 348 
                 20 
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 161 
                 28 
                 161 
                 35 
                 161 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.053 
                 nd 
                 0.052 
                 0.064 
                 nd 
                 0.067 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 P 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 34 
                 nd 
                 35 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 33300 
                 nd 
                 33300 
                 25600 
                 nd 
                 25600 
                 31800 
                 nd 
                 31800 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 30600 
                 nd 
                 30600 
                 18900 
                 nd 
                 21000 
                 18300 
                 nd 
                 18300 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 85% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 19600 
                 nd 
                 19600 
                 13600 
                 nd 
                 13600 
                 14200 
                 nd 
                 14200 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 53100 
                 nd 
                 53500 
                 53100 
                 nd 
                 53500 
                 53100 
                 nd 
                 53500 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 46% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 65300 
                 nd 
                 65900 
                 65300 
                 nd 
                 65900 
                 65300 
                 nd 
                 65900 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 88800 
                 nd 
                 88800 
                 88800 
                 nd 
                 88800 
                 88800 
                 nd 
                 88800 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
                 0.071 
                 nd 
                 0.046 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.094 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.7 
                 nd 
                 5.3 
                 1.1 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.23 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.5 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 2.8 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.8 
                 nd 
                 2.9 
                 1.1 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.059 
                 nd 
                 0.056 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 8.2 
                 nd 
                 8.4 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.383 
                 0.437 
                 0.383 
                 0.406 
                 0.383 
                 0.360 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.636 
                 2.03 
                 0.636 
                 1.81 
                 0.636 
                 0.789 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.83 
                 4.87 
                 1.83 
                 5.61 
                 1.83 
                 0.797 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0014 
                   
                 0.0072 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0957 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0995 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 20.6 
                 32.1 
                 31.1 
                 32.1 
                 2.56 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 349 
                 28 
                 349 
                 33 
                 349 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 172 
                 28 
                 172 
                 33 
                 172 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.383 
                 0.437 
                 0.383 
                 0.399 
                 0.383 
                 0.360 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.637 
                 2.04 
                 0.637 
                 1.77 
                 0.637 
                 0.741 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.86 
                 4.87 
                 1.86 
                 5.53 
                 1.86 
                 0.759 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0015 
                   
                 0.0097 
                   
                 0.80 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0957 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0995 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 20.6 
                 32.1 
                 31.1 
                 32.1 
                 2.56 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 340 
                 28 
                 340 
                 34 
                 340 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 158 
                 28 
                 158 
                 34 
                 158 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.059 
                 0.054 
                 nd 
                 0.053 
                 0.065 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.098 
                 0.22 
                 nd 
                 0.23 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
                 349 
                 nd 
                 340 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 34 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.321 
                 nd 
                 0.356 
                 0.293 
                 nd 
                 0.293 
                 0.200 
                 nd 
                 0.200 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.224 
                 nd 
                 0.232 
                 0.259 
                 nd 
                 0.259 
                 0.179 
                 nd 
                 0.179 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.134 
                 nd 
                 0.188 
                 0.188 
                 nd 
                 0.188 
                 0.134 
                 nd 
                 0.134 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 96% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.589 
                 nd 
                 0.587 
                 0.589 
                 nd 
                 0.587 
                 0.589 
                 nd 
                 0.587 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.734 
                 nd 
                 0.734 
                 0.734 
                 nd 
                 0.734 
                 0.734 
                 nd 
                 0.734 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.09 
                 nd 
                 1.07 
                 1.09 
                 nd 
                 1.07 
                 1.09 
                 nd 
                 1.07 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 2.3 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 11 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 7.0 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.9 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.088 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 0.088 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.84 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.018 
                 nd 
                 0.022 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 8.0 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 5.9 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.9 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
                 11 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 5.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.163 
                 0.226 
                 0.163 
                 0.172 
                 0.163 
                 0.106 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.200 
                 0.261 
                 0.200 
                 0.221 
                 0.200 
                 0.130 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.207 
                 0.213 
                 0.207 
                 0.211 
                 0.207 
                 0.105 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.0472 
                 2.92E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.000127 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.09 
                 1.08 
                 2.09 
                 0.971 
                 2.09 
                 0.427 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 356 
                 28 
                 356 
                 34 
                 356 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 28 
                 175 
                 34 
                 175 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.168 
                 0.226 
                 0.168 
                 0.172 
                 0.168 
                 0.0967 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.202 
                 0.260 
                 0.202 
                 0.226 
                 0.202 
                 0.122 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.207 
                 0.213 
                 0.207 
                 0.210 
                 0.207 
                 0.105 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.53 
                   
                 0.086 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.0472 
                 2.92E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.000127 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.09 
                 1.08 
                 2.09 
                 0.971 
                 2.09 
                 0.427 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 347 
                 28 
                 347 
                 35 
                 347 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 161 
                 28 
                 161 
                 35 
                 161 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.053 
                 nd 
                 0.052 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.050 
                 nd 
                 0.067 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.049 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 34 
                 nd 
                 35 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.128 
                 nd 
                 0.128 
                 0.0839 
                 nd 
                 0.0820 
                 0.0584 
                 nd 
                 0.0584 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.0791 
                 nd 
                 0.0791 
                 0.0536 
                 nd 
                 0.0564 
                 0.0521 
                 nd 
                 0.0521 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.0511 
                 nd 
                 0.0511 
                 0.0120 
                 nd 
                 0.0120 
                 0.0240 
                 nd 
                 0.0240 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.243 
                 nd 
                 0.248 
                 0.243 
                 nd 
                 0.248 
                 0.243 
                 nd 
                 0.248 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 0.300 
                 nd 
                 0.302 
                 0.300 
                 nd 
                 0.302 
                 0.300 
                 nd 
                 0.302 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.390 
                 nd 
                 0.390 
                 0.390 
                 nd 
                 0.390 
                 0.390 
                 nd 
                 0.390 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 2.6 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 9.3 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 0.88 
                 nd 
                 0.88 
                 3.7 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 7.1 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
                 1.1 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 4.3 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.070 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.83 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 0.069 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.91 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.89 
                 nd 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 9.7 
                 nd 
                 8.8 
                 2.9 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 21 
                 nd 
                 21 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0459 
                 0.0866 
                 0.0459 
                 0.0750 
                 0.0459 
                 0.0792 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.210 
                 0.234 
                 0.210 
                 0.279 
                 0.210 
                 0.401 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.518 
                 0.444 
                 0.518 
                 0.969 
                 0.518 
                 0.598 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.097 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.00381 
                 4.60E−6 
                 9.65E−6 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.00226 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 4.46 
                 2.26 
                 4.46 
                 5.72 
                 4.46 
                 2.11 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 356 
                 28 
                 356 
                 34 
                 356 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 28 
                 175 
                 34 
                 175 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0524 
                 0.0866 
                 0.0524 
                 0.0712 
                 0.0524 
                 0.0664 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.224 
                 0.235 
                 0.224 
                 0.272 
                 0.224 
                 0.426 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.529 
                 0.444 
                 0.529 
                 0.956 
                 0.529 
                 0.623 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.64 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.00381 
                 4.60E−6 
                 9.65E−6 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.00226 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 4.46 
                 2.26 
                 4.46 
                 5.72 
                 4.46 
                 2.11 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 347 
                 28 
                 347 
                 35 
                 347 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 161 
                 28 
                 161 
                 35 
                 161 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.053 
                 nd 
                 0.052 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.22 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
                 356 
                 nd 
                 347 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 34 
                 nd 
                 35 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0322 
                 nd 
                 0.0322 
                 0.0325 
                 nd 
                 0.0325 
                 0.0301 
                 nd 
                 0.0301 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.0126 
                 nd 
                 0.0126 
                 0.0209 
                 nd 
                 0.0252 
                 0.0202 
                 nd 
                 0.0202 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.00659 
                 nd 
                 0.00654 
                 0.0141 
                 nd 
                 0.0141 
                 0.00901 
                 nd 
                 0.00901 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 13% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 0.122 
                 nd 
                 0.133 
                 0.122 
                 nd 
                 0.133 
                 0.122 
                 nd 
                 0.133 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 0.214 
                 nd 
                 0.224 
                 0.214 
                 nd 
                 0.224 
                 0.214 
                 nd 
                 0.224 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 0.474 
                 nd 
                 0.495 
                 0.474 
                 nd 
                 0.495 
                 0.474 
                 nd 
                 0.495 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                  3% 
                 nd 
                 3% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 7.9 
                 nd 
                 4.5 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 1.9 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 0.046 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.7 
                 nd 
                 4.0 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 5.5 
                 4.9 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.1 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.7 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
                 7.9 
                 nd 
                 4.5 
                 7.9 
                 nd 
                 7.1 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 562 
                 799 
                 562 
                 664 
                 562 
                 949 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 1170 
                 1140 
                 1170 
                 982 
                 1170 
                 1330 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2460 
                 1190 
                 2460 
                 741 
                 2460 
                 1050 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 43.9 
                 146 
                 43.9 
                 167 
                 43.9 
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 26100 
                 5700 
                 26100 
                 3000 
                 26100 
                 4290 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 28 
                 357 
                 32 
                 357 
                 22 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 175 
                 28 
                 175 
                 32 
                 175 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 564 
                 799 
                 564 
                 728 
                 564 
                 949 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 1190 
                 1130 
                 1190 
                 978 
                 1190 
                 1370 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2490 
                 1190 
                 2490 
                 729 
                 2490 
                 1090 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 43.9 
                 146 
                 43.9 
                 167 
                 43.9 
                 200 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 26100 
                 5700 
                 26100 
                 3000 
                 26100 
                 4290 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 348 
                 28 
                 348 
                 33 
                 348 
                 20 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 161 
                 28 
                 161 
                 33 
                 161 
                 20 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.058 
                 0.055 
                 nd 
                 0.054 
                 0.063 
                 nd 
                 0.067 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 9.3E−4 
                 nd 
                 0.0023 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
                 357 
                 nd 
                 348 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 482 
                 nd 
                 482 
                 426 
                 nd 
                 426 
                 817 
                 nd 
                 817 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 68% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 389 
                 nd 
                 389 
                 358 
                 nd 
                 358 
                 704 
                 nd 
                 704 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 63% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 223 
                 nd 
                 223 
                 310 
                 nd 
                 310 
                 486 
                 nd 
                 486 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 13% 
                 24% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 875 
                 nd 
                 895 
                 875 
                 nd 
                 895 
                 875 
                 nd 
                 895 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 42% 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 65% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 1160 
                 nd 
                 1170 
                 1160 
                 nd 
                 1170 
                 1160 
                 nd 
                 1170 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 1950 
                 nd 
                 1950 
                 1950 
                 nd 
                 1950 
                 1950 
                 nd 
                 1950 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 1.9 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 3.6 
                 8.8 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 30 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 8.6 
                 nd 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.045 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.3 
                 nd 
                 5.3 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.6 
                 70 
                 nd 
                 62 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 3.9 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 9.9 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.021 
                 nd 
                 0.039 
                 0.024 
                 nd 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.1 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 6.5 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 8.9 
                 87 
                 nd 
                 80 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 7: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected within 12 hours of reaching stage R from Cohort 1 (patients that reached, but did not progress beyond, RIFLE stage R) and from Cohort 2 (patients that reached RIFLE stage I or F). 
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 37.7 
                 31.0 
                 52.4 
                 47.4 
                 35.1 
                 30.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 46.3 
                 50.4 
                 68.0 
                 64.4 
                 38.8 
                 49.2 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 43.5 
                 44.4 
                 65.2 
                 59.7 
                 22.9 
                 41.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.71 
                 8.79 
                 8.18 
                 20.5 
                 2.71 
                 8.79 
               
               
                 Max 
                 317 
                 192 
                 317 
                 179 
                 101 
                 192 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.45 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.063 
                 0.13 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.98 
                 0.70 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 65 
                 26 
                 50 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 31 
                 6 
                 26 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 24.5 
                 22.3 
                 25.1 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  83% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                  15% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 22.1 
                 22.3 
                 22.1 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                  15% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 15.1 
                 15.1 
                 14.5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 14% 
                  12% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 45.5 
                 72.2 
                 43.0 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                  17% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 63.2 
                 78.2 
                 51.6 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 19% 
                  17% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 82.3 
                 154 
                 75.6 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                  17% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 2.3 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.29 
                 0.17 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 3.5 
                 33 
                 7.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 1.0 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 4.1 
                 19 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 2.3 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.54 
                 0.53 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.17 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 4.9 
                 33 
                 7.3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Amphiregulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 22.0 
                 22.0 
                 24.1 
                 22.4 
                 20.9 
                 21.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 31.8 
                 30.9 
                 39.2 
                 46.8 
                 27.0 
                 26.9 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 34.4 
                 30.7 
                 44.4 
                 57.8 
                 24.3 
                 18.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.72 
                   
                 0.98 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.70 
                 0.00246 
                 4.60 
                 13.6 
                 2.70 
                 0.00246 
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 162 
                 198 
                 162 
                 145 
                 72.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 63 
                 30 
                 25 
                 6 
                 49 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 63 
                 30 
                 25 
                 6 
                 49 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.51 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.13 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.91 
                 0.92 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 63 
                 25 
                 49 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 30 
                 6 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 16.1 
                 13.9 
                 17.4 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 83% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 32% 
                 24% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 13.5 
                 13.9 
                 13.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 24% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 9.97 
                 11.9 
                 8.92 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 30.4 
                 40.6 
                 27.6 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 40.6 
                 51.0 
                 36.0 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 20% 
                 17% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 60.5 
                 72.6 
                 60.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 17% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.35 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.52 
                 0.14 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 6.4 
                 28 
                 6.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 0.86 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.92 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.27 
                 0.044 
                 0.31 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 3.7 
                 17 
                 5.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 0.14 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 5.9 
                 28 
                 6.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 44200 
                 37400 
                 58300 
                 34700 
                 41500 
                 34100 
               
               
                 Average 
                 59000 
                 57100 
                 77700 
                 41500 
                 48000 
                 62200 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 62600 
                 61300 
                 88700 
                 32600 
                 30200 
                 69700 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.34 
                   
                 0.22 
               
               
                 Min 
                 6940 
                 9280 
                 13600 
                 13800 
                 6940 
                 9280 
               
               
                 Max 
                 483000 
                 275000 
                 483000 
                 102000 
                 146000 
                 275000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 0.28 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.13 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.49 
                 0.077 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 65 
                 26 
                 50 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 31 
                 6 
                 26 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29900 
                 13800 
                 26300 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  83% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                  4% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 26000 
                 13800 
                 23600 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 20% 
                  4% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 17000 
                 13600 
                 17000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                  4% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 61800 
                 73100 
                 53400 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                  17% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 69800 
                 93800 
                 66900 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                  17% 
                 27% 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 115000 
                 119000 
                 80400 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.53 
                 0 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.33 
                 na 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 na 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 1.9 
                 na 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 4.2 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.55 
                 0.27 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.33 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 4.6 
                 53 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 2.3 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.30 
                 0.17 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 3.3 
                 33 
                 3.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.164 
                 0.149 
                 0.223 
                 0.104 
                 0.140 
                 0.150 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.209 
                 0.236 
                 0.295 
                 0.149 
                 0.182 
                 0.240 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.210 
                 0.287 
                 0.279 
                 0.181 
                 0.205 
                 0.297 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.32 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 0.00974 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1.41 
                 1.32 
                 1.32 
                 0.482 
                 1.41 
                 1.32 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.28 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.13 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.71 
                 0.082 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 65 
                 26 
                 50 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 31 
                 6 
                 26 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0804 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.0816 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  83% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                  0% 
                 28% 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0659 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.0676 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 22% 
                  0% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0209 
                 0 
                 0.0616 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.265 
                 0.326 
                 0.215 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                  17% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.303 
                 0.357 
                 0.265 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                  17% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.346 
                 0.543 
                 0.304 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 16% 
                  0% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.67 
                 0 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.53 
                 na 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.19 
                 na 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 2.3 
                 na 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 2.3 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.30 
                 0.17 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 3.3 
                 33 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 4.2 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 0.27 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 0.33 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 3.9 
                 53 
                 4.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0451 
                 0.0670 
                 0.0773 
                 0.288 
                 0.0610 
                 0.0618 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.212 
                 0.402 
                 0.257 
                 0.634 
                 0.191 
                 0.340 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.512 
                 1.08 
                 0.489 
                 0.803 
                 0.485 
                 1.11 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.42 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.01E−5 
                 0.00323 
                 0.00263 
                 0.0306 
                 7.01E−5 
                 0.00323 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.36 
                 5.72 
                 2.05 
                 2.11 
                 3.36 
                 5.72 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 65 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 50 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 0.71 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.13 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.21 
                 0.099 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 65 
                 26 
                 50 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 31 
                 6 
                 26 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0322 
                 0.0938 
                 0.0231 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  83% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                  58% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0231 
                 0.0938 
                 0.0189 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 40% 
                  58% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0126 
                 0.0217 
                 0.00762 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 22% 
                  27% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.129 
                 0.181 
                 0.170 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 35% 
                  50% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.253 
                 0.206 
                 0.252 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 19% 
                  50% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.430 
                 1.05 
                 0.312 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                  17% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.0 
                 0 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 na 
                 0.094 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.77 
                 na 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 12 
                 na 
                 14 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.6 
                 2.3 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.064 
                 0.53 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.93 
                 0.17 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 14 
                 33 
                 9.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.5 
                 4.2 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 0.27 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.64 
                 0.33 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 9.8 
                 53 
                 7.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 41900 
                 21700 
                 59900 
                 18300 
                 40400 
                 24200 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 66700 
                 67900 
                 89800 
                 87900 
                 65600 
                 52300 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 75700 
                 119000 
                 102000 
                 169000 
                 81200 
                 83000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.97 
                   
                 0.50 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1240 
                 1620 
                 1400 
                 4470 
                 1240 
                 1620 
               
               
                 Max 
                 434000 
                 433000 
                 418000 
                 433000 
                 434000 
                 351000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 66 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 51 
                 26 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 66 
                 31 
                 26 
                 6 
                 51 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.39 
                 0.34 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.063 
                 0.13 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.076 
                 0.23 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 66 
                 26 
                 51 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 31 
                 6 
                 26 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 15500 
                 9090 
                 16500 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  83% 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 26% 
                  15% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 8620 
                 9090 
                 13100 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 14% 
                  15% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 4470 
                 2860 
                 3360 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  6% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 67700 
                 106000 
                 55600 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 16% 
                  17% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 112000 
                 123000 
                 112000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 13% 
                  17% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 152000 
                 237000 
                 160000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                  17% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 0 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.94 
                 na 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.26 
                 na 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 4.2 
                 na 
                 6.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.7 
                 2.3 
                 5.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.016 
                 0.53 
                 0.019 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 0.17 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 17 
                 33 
                 23 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.0 
                 4.2 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 0.27 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.55 
                 0.33 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 7.3 
                 53 
                 8.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 8: Comparison of the maximum marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and the maximum values in EDTA samples collected from subjects between enrollment and 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage F in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 179000 
                 204000 
                 179000 
                 193000 
                 179000 
                 250000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 209000 
                 206000 
                 209000 
                 197000 
                 209000 
                 251000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 234000 
                 104000 
                 234000 
                 109000 
                 234000 
                 96600 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.97 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.64 
               
               
                 Min 
                 33100 
                 48000 
                 33100 
                 48000 
                 33100 
                 88800 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 345000 
                 2240000 
                 345000 
                 2240000 
                 345000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 198000 
                 141000 
                 198000 
                 140000 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Average 
                 221000 
                 170000 
                 221000 
                 156000 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 235000 
                 104000 
                 235000 
                 106000 
                   
                   
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.47 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 33100 
                 48000 
                 33100 
                 48000 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 345000 
                 2240000 
                 345000 
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
                   
                   
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.40 
                 0.52 
                 0.35 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.095 
                 0.12 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.61 
                 0.40 
                 0.87 
                 0.21 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 140000 
                 109000 
                 140000 
                 87400 
                 202000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 35% 
                  17% 
                 35% 
                  9% 
                  60% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 109000 
                 87400 
                 87400 
                 76300 
                 191000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                  6% 
                  56% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 87400 
                 33100 
                 76300 
                 33100 
                 87400 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                  1% 
                  7% 
                  1% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 225000 
                 245000 
                 225000 
                 245000 
                 225000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                  57% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 259000 
                 271000 
                 259000 
                 271000 
                 259000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                  14% 
                 27% 
                  14% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 285000 
                 330000 
                 285000 
                 330000 
                 285000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                  14% 
                 27% 
                  14% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 0.29 
                 2.1 
                 0.61 
                 1.0 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.30 
                 0.56 
                 0.61 
                 1.0 
                 na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.028 
                 0.18 
                 0.092 
                 0.059 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.0 
                 25 
                 4.0 
                 17 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.95 
                 1.0 
                 0.61 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.96 
                 1.0 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 0.059 
                 0.092 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.3 
                 17 
                 4.0 
                 25 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.3 
                 3.3 
                 1.3 
                 3.3 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.73 
                 0.32 
                 0.73 
                 0.32 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.32 
                 0.27 
                 0.32 
                 0.45 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 6.7 
                 34 
                 6.7 
                 34 
                 43 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 23.2 
                 94.8 
                 23.2 
                 94.8 
                 23.2 
                 61.9 
               
               
                 Average 
                 65.5 
                 136 
                 65.5 
                 122 
                 65.5 
                 78.2 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 212 
                 101 
                 212 
                 89.2 
                 212 
                 48.4 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.28 
                   
                 0.39 
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 34.0 
                 1.77 
                 34.0 
                 1.77 
                 34.0 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 179 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 31.8 
                 179 
                 31.8 
                 133 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 78.1 
                 185 
                 78.1 
                 163 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 213 
                 95.1 
                 213 
                 88.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.68 
                 71.1 
                 2.68 
                 71.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.88 
                 0.90 
                 0.87 
                 0.90 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.069 
                 0.078 
                 0.070 
                 0.080 
                 0.098 
               
               
                 p 
                 6.1E−8 
                 2.8E−7 
                 1.3E−7 
                 8.7E−7 
                 7.5E−4 
               
               
                 nCohort 1  
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2  
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 55.0 
                 127 
                 55.0 
                 127 
                 51.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 82% 
                  91% 
                 82% 
                  91% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 51.6 
                 93.9 
                 51.6 
                 93.9 
                 47.5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 81% 
                  85% 
                 81% 
                  85% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 47.5 
                 69.3 
                 47.5 
                 69.3 
                 33.7 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 80% 
                  76% 
                 80% 
                  76% 
                  66% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 36.9 
                 51.6 
                 36.9 
                 51.6 
                 36.9 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 51.6 
                 83.6 
                 51.6 
                 83.6 
                 51.6 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 93.9 
                 127 
                 93.9 
                 127 
                 93.9 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 55% 
                  71% 
                 55% 
                  71% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
               
               
                 2 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.059 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;11 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 &gt;11 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 &gt;7.7 
               
               
                 4 
                 &lt;0.029 
                 &lt;0.064 
                 &lt;0.029 
                 &lt;0.064 
                 &lt;0.070 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;1.3 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 &gt;1.3 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 &gt;0.85 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
                   na 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 6 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 65.2 
                 95.0 
                 65.2 
                 85.1 
                 65.2 
                 96.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 76.4 
                 104 
                 76.4 
                 98.6 
                 76.4 
                 122 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 50.5 
                 69.2 
                 50.5 
                 70.8 
                 50.5 
                 80.1 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.030 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.54 
                 21.5 
                 7.54 
                 21.5 
                 7.54 
                 21.5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 240 
                 250 
                 240 
                 250 
                 240 
                 250 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 75.7 
                 82.6 
                 75.7 
                 51.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 87.4 
                 88.8 
                 87.4 
                 79.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 57.4 
                 63.1 
                 57.4 
                 63.2 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.74 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.54 
                 21.5 
                 7.54 
                 21.5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 283 
                 211 
                 283 
                 211 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI  
                 24 hr prior to AKI  
                 48 hr prior to AKI  
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 0.51 
                 0.60 
                 0.44 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 0.11 
                 0.095 
                 0.12 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.13 
                 0.92 
                 0.29 
                 0.61 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 69.6 
                 48.9 
                 50.4 
                 48.9 
                 92.9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 55% 
                  29% 
                 35% 
                  29% 
                  77% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 49.9 
                 42.2 
                 49.9 
                 42.2 
                 69.6 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                  22% 
                 35% 
                  22% 
                  55% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 42.2 
                 18.9 
                 42.2 
                 18.9 
                 18.9 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 27% 
                  3% 
                 27% 
                  3% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 89.6 
                 92.9 
                 89.6 
                 92.9 
                 89.6 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 55% 
                  43% 
                 45% 
                  29% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 96.5 
                 117 
                 96.5 
                 117 
                 96.5 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                  14% 
                 27% 
                  14% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 142 
                 186 
                 142 
                 186 
                 142 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                  14% 
                 18% 
                  14% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 0.48 
                 3.1 
                 2.1 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.58 
                 0.56 
                 0.34 
                 0.56 
                 na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 0.040 
                 0.30 
                 0.18 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 24 
                 5.7 
                 32 
                 25 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.30 
                 0.13 
                 0.17 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 32 
                 7.7 
                 24 
                 25 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 5.8 
                 1.0 
                 5.8 
                 2.1 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.12 
                 1.0 
                 0.12 
                 0.56 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.62 
                 0.13 
                 0.62 
                 0.18 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 53 
                 7.7 
                 53 
                 25 
                 43 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 22.9 
                 37.9 
                 22.9 
                 37.9 
                 22.9 
                 26.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 28.0 
                 51.7 
                 28.0 
                 49.9 
                 28.0 
                 46.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 20.9 
                 42.8 
                 20.9 
                 41.2 
                 20.9 
                 52.2 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0028 
                   
                 0.0051 
                   
                 0.058 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.672 
                 16.1 
                 0.672 
                 16.1 
                 0.672 
                 16.1 
               
               
                 Max 
                 121 
                 162 
                 121 
                 162 
                 121 
                 162 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.2 
                 47.0 
                 24.2 
                 47.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 31.0 
                 65.5 
                 31.0 
                 62.6 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 27.1 
                 48.3 
                 27.1 
                 47.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0030 
                   
                 0.0062 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.672 
                 25.1 
                 0.672 
                 25.1 
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 162 
                 198 
                 162 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.73 
                 0.82 
                 0.73 
                 0.81 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.090 
                 0.100 
                 0.090 
                 0.10 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.0095 
                 0.0015 
                 0.010 
                 0.0018 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 25.5 
                 37.0 
                 25.5 
                 37.0 
                 24.8 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  73% 
                  71% 
                  73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  59% 
                  75% 
                  59% 
                  75% 
                  57% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 24.8 
                 32.6 
                 24.8 
                 32.6 
                 18.3 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                  82% 
                  86% 
                  82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  57% 
                  68% 
                  57% 
                  68% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 18.3 
                 24.8 
                 18.3 
                 24.8 
                 16.0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  43% 
                  53% 
                  43% 
                  53% 
                  33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 32.2 
                 34.0 
                 32.2 
                 34.0 
                 32.2 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  64% 
                  71% 
                  64% 
                  71% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 41.4 
                 42.2 
                 41.4 
                 42.2 
                 41.4 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  45% 
                  57% 
                  45% 
                  57% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  80% 
                  82% 
                  80% 
                  82% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 55.7 
                 56.8 
                 55.7 
                 56.8 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  27% 
                  43% 
                  27% 
                  43% 
                  14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;2.1 
               
               
                 2 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 &lt;na  
                 &lt;0.56 
                 &lt;na  
                 &lt;0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;na  
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;na  
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;3.4 
               
               
                 3 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.30 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;7.6 
                 &gt;4.6 
                 &gt;7.6 
                 &gt;4.6 
                 &gt;2.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 &lt;0.071 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.071 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.84 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.84 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.68 
                 4.10 
                 4.68 
                 4.10 
                 4.68 
                 5.12 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.23 
                 11.0 
                 5.23 
                 11.0 
                 5.23 
                 15.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.00 
                 15.7 
                 3.00 
                 15.7 
                 3.00 
                 18.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0025 
                   
                 0.0025 
                   
                 2.2E−5 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0147 
                 0.00289 
                 0.0147 
                 0.00289 
                 0.0147 
                 2.42 
               
               
                 Max 
                 15.0 
                 50.2 
                 15.0 
                 50.2 
                 15.0 
                 50.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4.80 
                 3.40 
                 4.80 
                 3.40 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.62 
                 7.76 
                 5.62 
                 7.76 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 6.59 
                 11.1 
                 6.59 
                 11.1 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.44 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00289 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00289 
               
               
                 Max 
                 60.7 
                 32.2 
                 60.7 
                 32.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.43 
                 0.51 
                 0.43 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.94 
                 0.52 
                 0.94 
                 0.52 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 3.32 
                 3.09 
                 3.32 
                 3.09 
                 4.08 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 24% 
                  24% 
                 24% 
                  24% 
                  39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 3.09 
                 1.92 
                 3.09 
                 1.92 
                 3.40 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 22% 
                  15% 
                 22% 
                  15% 
                  25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.92 
                 0.00282 
                 1.92 
                 0.00282 
                 1.92 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                  2% 
                 11% 
                  2% 
                  11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 6.11 
                 6.11 
                 6.11 
                 6.11 
                 6.11 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 7.64 
                 7.64 
                 7.64 
                 7.64 
                 7.64 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 8.88 
                 8.84 
                 8.88 
                 8.84 
                 8.88 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                  29% 
                 27% 
                  29% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.95 
                 0 
                 0.95 
                 0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.96 
                 na 
                 0.96 
                 na 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 na 
                 0.17 
                 na 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.3 
                 na 
                 5.3 
                 na 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.30 
                 1.6 
                 0.30 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.32 
                 0.64 
                 0.32 
                 0.64 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.029 
                 0.24 
                 0.029 
                 0.24 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.2 
                 10 
                 3.2 
                 10 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.73 
                 0.96 
                 0.73 
                 0.96 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.13 
                 0.27 
                 0.13 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.7 
                 8.1 
                 6.7 
                 8.1 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 38800 
                 65700 
                 38800 
                 65700 
                 38800 
                 58900 
               
               
                 Average 
                 49600 
                 90000 
                 49600 
                 89000 
                 49600 
                 96500 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 39800 
                 75300 
                 39800 
                 75500 
                 39800 
                 91900 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0058 
                   
                 0.0071 
                   
                 0.0094 
               
               
                 Min 
                 10500 
                 14300 
                 10500 
                 14300 
                 10500 
                 14300 
               
               
                 Max 
                 328000 
                 275000 
                 328000 
                 275000 
                 328000 
                 275000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 44700 
                 83700 
                 44700 
                 73100 
               
               
                 Average 
                 56000 
                 110000 
                 56000 
                 108000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 43600 
                 89900 
                 43600 
                 90500 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0053 
                   
                 0.0067 
               
               
                 Min 
                 10500 
                 14300 
                 10500 
                 14300 
               
               
                 Max 
                 328000 
                 275000 
                 328000 
                 275000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.70 
                 0.69 
                 0.69 
                 0.68 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.092 
                 0.11 
                 0.092 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.030 
                 0.094 
                 0.036 
                 0.11 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 51400 
                 65300 
                 51400 
                 65300 
                 51400 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 68% 
                  73% 
                 68% 
                  73% 
                  68% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 37100 
                 32400 
                 37100 
                 32400 
                 37100 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 47% 
                  28% 
                 47% 
                  28% 
                  47% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 32400 
                 13300 
                 32400 
                 13300 
                 13300 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 33% 
                  4% 
                 33% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 54400 
                 62700 
                 54400 
                 62700 
                 54400 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 64% 
                  71% 
                 64% 
                  71% 
                  57% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 67500 
                 75500 
                 67500 
                 75500 
                 67500 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 45% 
                  57% 
                 45% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 84900 
                 112000 
                 84900 
                 112000 
                 84900 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                  43% 
                 27% 
                  43% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.58 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
                 1.0 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 0.059 
                 0.17 
                 0.059 
                 0.056 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 24 
                 17 
                 24 
                 17 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 3.1 
                 1.0 
                 3.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.30 
                 0.059 
                 0.30 
                 0.059 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 32 
                 17 
                 32 
                 17 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 5.8 
                 4.6 
                 5.8 
                 4.6 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.12 
                 0.19 
                 0.12 
                 0.19 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.62 
                 0.47 
                 0.62 
                 0.47 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 53 
                 45 
                 53 
                 45 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.416 
                 1.00 
                 0.416 
                 0.626 
                 0.416 
                 0.561 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.599 
                 3.17 
                 0.599 
                 1.67 
                 0.599 
                 0.714 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.808 
                 5.62 
                 0.808 
                 3.24 
                 0.808 
                 0.508 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 9.6E−5 
                   
                 0.011 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000896 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000896 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000896 
                 0.188 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6.96 
                 17.1 
                 6.96 
                 11.3 
                 6.96 
                 1.47 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.472 
                 1.19 
                 0.472 
                 0.626 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.04 
                 4.50 
                 1.04 
                 2.15 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3.51 
                 6.85 
                 3.51 
                 4.07 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.023 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000896 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000896 
                 0.0249 
               
               
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 17.1 
                 32.1 
                 11.3 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.67 
                 0.64 
                 0.64 
                 0.59 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 0.12 
                 0.095 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.067 
                 0.23 
                 0.15 
                 0.45 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.356 
                 0.356 
                 0.356 
                 0.356 
                 0.286 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                  38% 
                 43% 
                  38% 
                  31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.261 
                 0.179 
                 0.261 
                 0.179 
                 0.261 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 31% 
                  20% 
                 31% 
                  20% 
                  31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.179 
                 0.0201 
                 0.179 
                 0.0201 
                 0.179 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                  5% 
                 23% 
                  5% 
                  23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.695 
                 0.717 
                 0.695 
                 0.717 
                 0.695 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 55% 
                  57% 
                 45% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.848 
                 0.893 
                 0.848 
                 0.893 
                 0.848 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 55% 
                  57% 
                 45% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 82% 
                  81% 
                 82% 
                  81% 
                  82% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.00 
                 1.07 
                 1.00 
                 1.07 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 55% 
                  57% 
                 45% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.96 
                 0.46 
                 0.96 
                 0.46 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.97 
                 0.53 
                 0.97 
                 0.53 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 0.039 
                 0.12 
                 0.039 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 7.4 
                 5.4 
                 7.4 
                 5.4 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR  
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.48 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 0.46 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.040 
                 na 
                 0.13 
                 0.039 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 5.7 
                 na 
                 7.7 
                 5.4 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 3.5 
                 2.1 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.15 
                 0.42 
                 0.26 
                 0.67 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.63 
                 0.35 
                 0.48 
                 0.23 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 19 
                 13 
                 16 
                 9.9 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.197 
                 0.274 
                 0.197 
                 0.274 
                 0.197 
                 0.274 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.208 
                 0.379 
                 0.208 
                 0.379 
                 0.208 
                 0.275 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.188 
                 0.380 
                 0.188 
                 0.381 
                 0.188 
                 0.167 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.015 
                   
                 0.015 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Min 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.948 
                 1.32 
                 0.948 
                 1.32 
                 0.948 
                 0.482 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.213 
                 0.385 
                 0.213 
                 0.385 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.255 
                 0.433 
                 0.255 
                 0.433 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.272 
                 0.470 
                 0.272 
                 0.471 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Min 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.000127 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.09 
                 1.32 
                 2.09 
                 1.32 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.66 
                 0.60 
                 0.66 
                 0.60 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 0.12 
                 0.094 
                 0.12 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.099 
                 0.41 
                 0.099 
                 0.41 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.125 
                 0.124 
                 0.125 
                 0.124 
                 0.260 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                  31% 
                 42% 
                  31% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.124 
                 0.0430 
                 0.124 
                 0.0430 
                 0.124 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                  19% 
                 42% 
                  19% 
                  42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0421 
                 8.23E−5 
                 0.0421 
                 8.23E−5 
                 8.23E−5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 24% 
                  2% 
                 24% 
                  2% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.260 
                 0.285 
                 0.260 
                 0.285 
                 0.260 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 64% 
                  57% 
                 64% 
                  57% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.321 
                 0.368 
                 0.321 
                 0.368 
                 0.321 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 45% 
                  57% 
                 45% 
                  57% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.485 
                 0.508 
                 0.485 
                 0.508 
                 0.485 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                  29% 
                 18% 
                  29% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 0.96 
                 0.48 
                 0.96 
                 0.48 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.97 
                 0.56 
                 0.97 
                 0.56 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 0.040 
                 0.12 
                 0.040 
                 0.056 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.4 
                 5.7 
                 7.4 
                 5.7 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 0.96 
                 0 
                 0.96 
                 0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.97 
                 na 
                 0.97 
                 na 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 na 
                 0.12 
                 na 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.4 
                 na 
                 7.4 
                 na 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.8 
                 2.2 
                 2.8 
                 2.2 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.26 
                 0.39 
                 0.26 
                 0.39 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 0.36 
                 0.48 
                 0.36 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 16 
                 13 
                 16 
                 13 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0451 
                 0.418 
                 0.0451 
                 0.311 
                 0.0451 
                 0.295 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.230 
                 0.798 
                 0.230 
                 0.647 
                 0.230 
                 0.670 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.539 
                 0.794 
                 0.539 
                 0.655 
                 0.539 
                 0.799 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0025 
                   
                 0.020 
                   
                 0.048 
               
               
                 Min 
                 9.65E−6 
                 0.0658 
                 9.65E−6 
                 0.0658 
                 9.65E−6 
                 0.0658 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.21 
                 2.26 
                 3.21 
                 2.11 
                 3.21 
                 2.11 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0674 
                 0.605 
                 0.0674 
                 0.418 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.284 
                 0.955 
                 0.284 
                 0.718 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.564 
                 0.869 
                 0.564 
                 0.694 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0046 
                   
                 0.057 
               
               
                 Min 
                 9.65E−6 
                 0.159 
                 9.65E−6 
                 0.159 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3.21 
                 2.26 
                 3.21 
                 2.11 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.87 
                 0.87 
                 0.86 
                 0.84 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.071 
                 0.087 
                 0.073 
                 0.095 
                 0.095 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.9E−7 
                 1.8E−5 
                 1.2E−6 
                 3.3E−4 
                 3.0E−4 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.277 
                 0.387 
                 0.198 
                 0.281 
                 0.194 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 86% 
                  83% 
                 83% 
                  82% 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.186 
                 0.281 
                 0.186 
                 0.186 
                 0.186 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 83% 
                  82% 
                 83% 
                  74% 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.143 
                 0.143 
                 0.143 
                 0.143 
                 0.0619 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 81% 
                  72% 
                 81% 
                  72% 
                  59% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0949 
                 0.134 
                 0.0949 
                 0.134 
                 0.0949 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.143 
                 0.267 
                 0.143 
                 0.267 
                 0.143 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 91% 
                  86% 
                 91% 
                  71% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.687 
                 1.23 
                 0.687 
                 1.23 
                 0.687 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 36% 
                  29% 
                 36% 
                  14% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
               
               
                 2 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 3 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 &lt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.059 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;14 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 &gt;14 
                 &gt;6.3 
                 &gt;7.7 
               
               
                 4 
                 &lt;0.018 
                 &lt;0.064 
                 &lt;0.018 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 &lt;0.070 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;1.6 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 &gt;1.6 
                 &gt;0.68 
                 &gt;0.85 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 17.3 
                 36.4 
                 17.3 
                 31.2 
                 17.3 
                 22.6 
               
               
                 Average 
                 20.5 
                 62.5 
                 20.5 
                 57.2 
                 20.5 
                 62.8 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 13.5 
                 61.2 
                 13.5 
                 61.5 
                 13.5 
                 77.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.2E−7 
                   
                 4.7E−6 
                   
                 1.8E−5 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.16 
                 11.6 
                 7.16 
                 11.6 
                 7.16 
                 11.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 98.9 
                 222 
                 98.9 
                 222 
                 98.9 
                 222 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 11 
                 87 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage  
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 18.6 
                 44.7 
                 18.6 
                 36.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 23.6 
                 58.7 
                 23.6 
                 50.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 22.4 
                 31.2 
                 22.4 
                 30.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.0E−4 
                   
                 0.0039 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.16 
                 29.4 
                 7.16 
                 26.9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 186 
                 110 
                 186 
                 110 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 7 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.84 
                 0.91 
                 0.83 
                 0.88 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.076 
                 0.075 
                 0.079 
                 0.085 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 p 
                 8.6E−6 
                 4.9E−8 
                 3.4E−5 
                 6.8E−6 
                 0.025 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
                 88 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29.0 
                 33.3 
                 26.6 
                 31.2 
                 21.2 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 87% 
                  86% 
                 84% 
                  84% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 21.8 
                 31.2 
                 21.8 
                 29.0 
                 20.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 74% 
                  84% 
                 74% 
                  81% 
                  69% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 20.9 
                 29.0 
                 20.9 
                 25.3 
                 11.5 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 69% 
                  81% 
                 69% 
                  77% 
                  18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 21.1 
                 21.8 
                 21.1 
                 21.8 
                 21.1 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 82% 
                 100% 
                 82% 
                 100% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 24.6 
                 29.0 
                 24.6 
                 29.0 
                 24.6 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 73% 
                 100% 
                 73% 
                  86% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                 80% 
                  81% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 31.2 
                 40.1 
                 31.2 
                 40.1 
                 31.2 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 64% 
                  57% 
                 55% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0 
                 &gt;0 
                 0 
                 &gt;0 
                 0 
               
               
                 2 
                 na 
                 &lt;na 
                 na 
                 &lt;na 
                 na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 &gt;na 
                 na 
                 &gt;na 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 2.1 
                 &gt;0 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.56 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.56 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 25 
                 na 
                 25 
                 na 
                 34 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 11 
                 &gt;9.5 
                 11 
                 &gt;7.7 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.032 
                 &lt;0.044 
                 0.032 
                 &lt;0.070 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;0.85 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 95 
                 na 
                 95 
                 na 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 40300 
                 95600 
                 40300 
                 95600 
                 40300 
                 72500 
               
               
                 Average 
                 68700 
                 147000 
                 68700 
                 134000 
                 68700 
                 111000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 81100 
                 159000 
                 81100 
                 143000 
                 81100 
                 146000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0093 
                   
                 0.024 
                   
                 0.22 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1030 
                 15000 
                 1030 
                 14100 
                 1030 
                 15000 
               
               
                 Max 
                 591000 
                 455000 
                 591000 
                 433000 
                 591000 
                 433000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 50300 
                 95800 
                 50300 
                 95800 
               
               
                 Average 
                 75600 
                 199000 
                 75600 
                 179000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 82100 
                 180000 
                 82100 
                 164000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 9.2E−4 
                   
                 0.0043 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2770 
                 24000 
                 2770 
                 14100 
               
               
                 Max 
                 591000 
                 455000 
                 591000 
                 433000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.67 
                 0.74 
                 0.63 
                 0.69 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 0.11 
                 0.095 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.067 
                 0.034 
                 0.16 
                 0.10 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 50600 
                 91600 
                 27700 
                 91600 
                 27700 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                 73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 60% 
                  69% 
                 35% 
                  69% 
                  35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 27700 
                 50500 
                 23400 
                 23400 
                 23400 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                 82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                  52% 
                 32% 
                  31% 
                  32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 23400 
                 23400 
                 14100 
                 14100 
                 13900 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 32% 
                  31% 
                 17% 
                  19% 
                  17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 77700 
                 100000 
                 77700 
                 100000 
                 77700 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 55% 
                  43% 
                 55% 
                  43% 
                  43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 110000 
                 126000 
                 110000 
                 126000 
                 110000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                  43% 
                 36% 
                  43% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                 81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 159000 
                 171000 
                 159000 
                 171000 
                 159000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                  43% 
                 27% 
                  43% 
                  14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                 91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 0.96 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.12 
                 0.059 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 24 
                 na 
                 7.4 
                 17 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.4 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 0.96 
                   
               
               
                 3 
                 0.20 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 0.67 
                 0.56 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.23 
                 0.18 
                 0.056 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 42 
                 na 
                 9.9 
                 25 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart  
                 4.4 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 2.1 
                 3.3 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.20 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 0.42 
                 0.32 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.35 
                 0.32 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 42 
                 na 
                 13 
                 34 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 483 
                 1240 
                 483 
                 1240 
                 483 
                 1180 
               
               
                 Average 
                 912 
                 1670 
                 912 
                 1410 
                 912 
                 1150 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1550 
                 1380 
                 1550 
                 584 
                 1550 
                 333 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.69 
               
               
                 Min 
                 94.2 
                 815 
                 94.2 
                 815 
                 94.2 
                 815 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13100 
                 5700 
                 13100 
                 2830 
                 13100 
                 1780 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 11 
                 88 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 527 
                 1260 
                 527 
                 1260 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1410 
                 1960 
                 1410 
                 1550 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3250 
                 1670 
                 3250 
                 632 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.66 
                   
                 0.91 
               
               
                 Min 
                 63.0 
                 959 
                 63.0 
                 959 
               
               
                 Max 
                 26100 
                 5700 
                 26100 
                 2830 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 89 
                 7 
                 89 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI 
                 24 hr prior to AKI 
                 48 hr prior to AKI 
               
               
                   
                 stage 
                 stage 
                 stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.86 
                 0.82 
                 0.85 
                 0.82 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.074 
                 0.099 
                 0.074 
                 0.100 
                 0.098 
               
               
                 P 
                 1.4E−6 
                 0.0010 
                 2.3E−6 
                 0.0015 
                 8.7E−4 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
                 89 
                 88 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 7 
                 11 
                 7 
                 7 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1140 
                 1220 
                 1140 
                 1220 
                 866 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  73% 
                  71% 
                  73% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  85% 
                  80% 
                  85% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 866 
                 1200 
                 866 
                 1200 
                 815 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                  82% 
                  86% 
                  82% 
                  86% 
                  86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  76% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 815 
                 905 
                 815 
                 905 
                 792 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  76% 
                  72% 
                  76% 
                  72% 
                  76% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 697 
                 866 
                 697 
                 866 
                 697 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 969 
                 1250 
                 969 
                 1250 
                 969 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  73% 
                  57% 
                  73% 
                  57% 
                  57% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2080 
                 2750 
                 2080 
                 2750 
                 2080 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                  14% 
                  9% 
                  14% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
               
               
                 2 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;2.1 
               
               
                 3 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.56 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 &gt;11 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 &gt;11 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 &gt;6.1 
               
               
                 4 
                 &lt;0.029 
                 &lt;0.064 
                 &lt;0.029 
                 &lt;0.064 
                 &lt;0.11 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &gt;1.3 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 &gt;1.3 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 &gt;0.65 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 9: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0, R, or I) and in urine samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects who progress to RIFLE stage F) at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to the subject reaching RIFLE stage I. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 6050 
                 14100 
                 6050 
                 10600 
                 6050 
                 5430 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9790 
                 13000 
                 9790 
                 12400 
                 9790 
                 8880 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8750 
                 9340 
                 8750 
                 9330 
                 8750 
                 9610 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.080 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 647 
                 0.00873 
                 849 
                 0.00873 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1483 
                 23 
                 1483 
                 24 
                 1483 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 493 
                 23 
                 493 
                 24 
                 493 
                 14 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 6110 
                 14100 
                 6110 
                 20000 
                 6110 
                 11200 
               
               
                 Average 
                 9850 
                 15100 
                 9850 
                 15400 
                 9850 
                 13100 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8800 
                 10300 
                 8800 
                 9770 
                 8800 
                 9260 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.076 
                   
                 0.036 
                   
                 0.23 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 647 
                 0.00873 
                 1440 
                 0.00873 
                 854 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1540 
                 9 
                 1540 
                 11 
                 1540 
                 11 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 509 
                 9 
                 509 
                 11 
                 509 
                 11 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 6360 
                 20200 
                 6360 
                 9890 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 10000 
                 14600 
                 10000 
                 11000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 8840 
                 9830 
                 8840 
                 9090 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.060 
                   
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 903 
                 0.00873 
                 849 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 28600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1513 
                 13 
                 1513 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 472 
                 13 
                 472 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.66 
                 0.61 
                 0.59 
                 0.67 
                 0.54 
                 0.44 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.063 
                 0.100 
                 0.084 
                 0.062 
                 0.090 
                 0.070 
                 0.080 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.11 
                 0.11 
                 0.18 
                 0.14 
                 0.052 
                 0.55 
                 0.44 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 9 
                 13 
                 24 
                 11 
                 18 
                 14 
                 11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 5510 
                 8720 
                 2120 
                 4960 
                 6090 
                 4140 
                 1620 
                 6520 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 78% 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 58% 
                 20% 
                 44% 
                 50% 
                 37% 
                 15% 
                 51% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2120 
                 4780 
                 1750 
                 2580 
                 4960 
                 2480 
                 844 
                 5660 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 89% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 43% 
                 16% 
                 25% 
                 44% 
                 24% 
                  7% 
                 48% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 964 
                 645 
                 964 
                 2260 
                 3510 
                 1050 
                 409 
                 3240 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                  5% 
                  8% 
                 22% 
                 33% 
                  9% 
                  3% 
                 31% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 14400 
                 14600 
                 14900 
                 14400 
                 14600 
                 14900 
                 14400 
                 14600 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 44% 
                 54% 
                 42% 
                 64% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 19800 
                 20000 
                 20300 
                 19800 
                 20000 
                 20300 
                 19800 
                 20000 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 33% 
                 46% 
                 29% 
                 55% 
                 22% 
                 21% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 22700 
                 22700 
                 23400 
                 22700 
                 22700 
                 23400 
                 22700 
                 22700 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 33% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.60 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 1.00 
                 3.0 
                 0.40 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.48 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 1.00 
                 0.34 
                 0.27 
                 1.00 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 0.062 
                 na 
                 0.25 
                 0.31 
                 0.076 
                 0.20 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.5 
                 16 
                 na 
                 4.0 
                 29 
                 2.1 
                 5.0 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.2 
                 4.0 
                 0.50 
                 2.0 
                 1.00 
                 1.2 
                 0.67 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.76 
                 0.21 
                 0.42 
                 0.26 
                 1.00 
                 0.76 
                 0.66 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.45 
                 0.091 
                 0.60 
                 0.062 
                 0.36 
                 0.11 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.0 
                 36 
                 2.7 
                 6.8 
                 16 
                 4.0 
                 4.0 
                 36 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.8 
                 3.0 
                 1.8 
                 2.0 
                 6.1 
                 1.00 
                 2.0 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.29 
                 0.34 
                 0.37 
                 0.26 
                 0.096 
                 1.00 
                 0.32 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.60 
                 0.31 
                 0.51 
                 0.60 
                 0.73 
                 0.29 
                 0.50 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 5.5 
                 29 
                 6.1 
                 6.8 
                 51 
                 3.5 
                 8.1 
                 36 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.5 
                 52.3 
                 12.5 
                 17.2 
                 12.5 
                 8.12 
               
               
                 Average 
                 46.9 
                 120 
                 46.9 
                 98.0 
                 46.9 
                 135 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 108 
                 178 
                 108 
                 141 
                 108 
                 289 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0066 
                   
                 0.033 
                   
                 0.013 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 3.67 
                 0.000466 
                 2.98 
                 0.000466 
                 0.794 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 647 
                 1370 
                 400 
                 1370 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1276 
                 17 
                 1276 
                 21 
                 1276 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 400 
                 17 
                 400 
                 21 
                 400 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.6 
                 191 
                 12.6 
                 18.2 
                 12.6 
                 17.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 47.7 
                 205 
                 47.7 
                 103 
                 47.7 
                 169 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 108 
                 221 
                 108 
                 147 
                 108 
                 317 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.3E−4 
                   
                 0.092 
                   
                 0.0019 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 18.6 
                 0.000466 
                 2.98 
                 0.000466 
                 2.66 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 647 
                 1370 
                 413 
                 1370 
                 878 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1324 
                 7 
                 1324 
                 11 
                 1324 
                 8 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 414 
                 7 
                 414 
                 11 
                 414 
                 8 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 12.7 
                 16.8 
                 12.7 
                 12.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 48.9 
                 33.5 
                 48.9 
                 91.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 111 
                 28.2 
                 111 
                 150 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 3.16 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1370 
                 83.3 
                 1370 
                 400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1331 
                 9 
                 1331 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 397 
                 9 
                 397 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 0.85 
                 0.60 
                 0.63 
                 0.66 
                 0.52 
                 0.44 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.072 
                 0.091 
                 0.10 
                 0.066 
                 0.090 
                 0.076 
                 0.095 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.013 
                 1.3E−4 
                 0.32 
                 0.048 
                 0.072 
                 0.74 
                 0.50 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 17 
                 7 
                 9 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 16.2 
                 56.8 
                 11.2 
                 14.0 
                 17.2 
                 7.57 
                 5.34 
                 9.32 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 59% 
                 83% 
                 44% 
                 53% 
                 60% 
                 31% 
                 21% 
                 39% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 8.64 
                 23.3 
                 8.64 
                 11.2 
                 14.1 
                 5.81 
                 4.48 
                 6.86 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 37% 
                 67% 
                 36% 
                 45% 
                 53% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 28% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6.65 
                 18.5 
                 3.15 
                 5.81 
                 14.0 
                 2.97 
                 2.29 
                 2.62 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 27% 
                 62% 
                  9% 
                 23% 
                 53% 
                  9% 
                  6% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 24.6 
                 25.5 
                 24.7 
                 24.6 
                 25.5 
                 24.7 
                 24.6 
                 25.5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 53% 
                 71% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 44.7 
                 47.0 
                 46.0 
                 44.7 
                 47.0 
                 46.0 
                 44.7 
                 47.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 53% 
                 71% 
                 44% 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 118 
                 125 
                 130 
                 118 
                 125 
                 130 
                 118 
                 125 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 57% 
                  0% 
                 24% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.0 
                 &gt;0 
                 2.0 
                 0.66 
                 0 
                 0.75 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.21 
                 &lt;na  
                 0.57 
                 0.66 
                 na 
                 0.70 
                 1.00 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;na  
                 0.18 
                 0.11 
                 na 
                 0.17 
                 0.14 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 36 
                 na 
                 22 
                 4.0 
                 na 
                 3.4 
                 7.2 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.7 
                 6.1 
                 0.75 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.57 
                 0.14 
                 0.096 
                 0.70 
                 1.0 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.18 
                 0.71 
                 0.73 
                 0.17 
                 0.14 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 29 
                 na 
                 22 
                 10 
                 51 
                 3.4 
                 7.1 
                 29 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 9.2 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 4.0 
                 2.7 
                 4.0 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.036 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.21 
                 0.15 
                 0.21 
                 0.74 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.45 
                 0.71 
                 0.45 
                 0.33 
                 0.37 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 73 
                 na 
                 36 
                 10 
                 36 
                 4.7 
                 11 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.5 
                 61.0 
                 24.5 
                 49.9 
                 24.5 
                 40.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 55.8 
                 106 
                 55.8 
                 473 
                 55.8 
                 45.4 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 142 
                 112 
                 142 
                 969 
                 142 
                 38.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 9.9E−19 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 9.94 
                 0.00131 
                 17.6 
                 0.00131 
                 5.13 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1650 
                 364 
                 1650 
                 3480 
                 1650 
                 124 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 884 
                 16 
                 884 
                 18 
                 884 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 16 
                 367 
                 18 
                 367 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 25.1 
                 44.5 
                 25.1 
                 72.7 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 63.2 
                 286 
                 63.2 
                 104 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 195 
                 579 
                 195 
                 71.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.0018 
                   
                 0.58 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00131 
                 29.8 
                 0.00131 
                 25.9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3480 
                 1710 
                 3480 
                 246 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 916 
                 8 
                 916 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 380 
                 8 
                 380 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 25.6 
                 36.4 
                 25.6 
                 45.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 56.5 
                 70.0 
                 56.5 
                 468 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 145 
                 71.3 
                 145 
                 1040 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.77 
                   
                 3.4E−15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 10.0 
                 0.00131 
                 10.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1710 
                 229 
                 1710 
                 3480 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 879 
                 10 
                 879 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 342 
                 10 
                 342 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.74 
                 0.76 
                 0.68 
                 0.56 
                 0.83 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.074 
                 nd 
                 0.095 
                 0.068 
                 0.099 
                 0.080 
                 0.095 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.010 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 4.5E−4 
                 0.0075 
                 0.022 
                 0.50 
                 4.8E−4 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 884 
                 nd 
                 879 
                 884 
                 916 
                 879 
                 884 
                 916 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 18 
                 8 
                 14 
                 10 
                 7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 20.2 
                 nd 
                 20.2 
                 33.8 
                 40.8 
                 23.2 
                 19.3 
                 67.3 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 42% 
                 62% 
                 66% 
                 46% 
                 41% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 19.3 
                 nd 
                 19.3 
                 23.2 
                 33.8 
                 20.9 
                 10.6 
                 65.4 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 48% 
                 61% 
                 43% 
                 21% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 12.6 
                 nd 
                 16.5 
                 20.9 
                 29.8 
                 18.9 
                 7.58 
                 25.8 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 45% 
                 56% 
                 39% 
                 14% 
                 51% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 43.9 
                 nd 
                 45.3 
                 43.9 
                 45.6 
                 45.3 
                 43.9 
                 45.6 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 56% 
                 50% 
                 50% 
                 50% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 57.2 
                 nd 
                 57.7 
                 57.2 
                 58.7 
                 57.7 
                 57.2 
                 58.7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 40% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 96.9 
                 nd 
                 96.9 
                 96.9 
                 104 
                 96.9 
                 96.9 
                 104 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 29% 
                 10% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 &gt;0 
                 4.1 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 &lt;na  
                 0.21 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;na  
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 &gt;na  
                 0.45 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;na  
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 29 
                 na 
                 na 
                 37 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;4.1 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 2.0 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.57 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.18 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 29 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 na 
                 na 
                 22 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 8.3 
                 nd 
                 4.0 
                 &gt;9.3 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 7.2 
                 1.7 
                 &gt;6.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.047 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 &lt;0.035 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.067 
                 0.48 
                 &lt;0.094 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;1.2 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.87 
                 0.40 
                 &gt;0.73 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 67 
                 nd 
                 36 
                 na 
                 na 
                 59 
                 7.1 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.761 
                 2.00 
                 0.761 
                 1.56 
                 0.761 
                 1.47 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.38 
                 2.22 
                 1.38 
                 1.91 
                 1.38 
                 1.12 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.23 
                 1.03 
                 2.23 
                 2.67 
                 2.23 
                 0.804 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.72 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00230 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Max 
                 28.3 
                 3.96 
                 28.3 
                 11.6 
                 28.3 
                 1.94 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 884 
                 16 
                 884 
                 18 
                 884 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 16 
                 367 
                 18 
                 367 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.761 
                 1.57 
                 0.761 
                 1.43 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.41 
                 1.73 
                 1.41 
                 1.33 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.25 
                 1.06 
                 2.25 
                 1.59 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.93 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00179 
                 0.0742 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00246 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 28.3 
                 3.65 
                 28.3 
                 4.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 916 
                 8 
                 916 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 380 
                 8 
                 380 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.761 
                 2.09 
                 0.761 
                 1.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.37 
                 2.33 
                 1.37 
                 2.05 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.12 
                 0.816 
                 2.12 
                 3.05 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 1.30 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 28.3 
                 3.96 
                 28.3 
                 11.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 879 
                 10 
                 879 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 342 
                 10 
                 342 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 0.77 
                 0.59 
                 0.65 
                 0.57 
                 0.47 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 nd 
                 0.088 
                 0.071 
                 0.11 
                 0.080 
                 0.093 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0021 
                 nd 
                 0.0024 
                 0.20 
                 0.16 
                 0.35 
                 0.79 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 884 
                 nd 
                 879 
                 884 
                 916 
                 879 
                 884 
                 916 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 18 
                 8 
                 14 
                 10 
                 7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.74 
                 nd 
                 1.94 
                 0.135 
                 1.51 
                 0.108 
                 1.10 
                 0.0209 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 69% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 41% 
                 60% 
                 40% 
                 55% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.59 
                 nd 
                 1.74 
                 0.0522 
                 0.900 
                 0.0209 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00240 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 89% 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 66% 
                 nd 
                 69% 
                 34% 
                 51% 
                 27% 
                  7% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.10 
                 nd 
                 1.59 
                 0.0209 
                 0.0522 
                 0.00342 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00240 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 66% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 20% 
                  7% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.87 
                 nd 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 1.87 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 62% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.41 
                 nd 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.42 
                 2.41 
                 2.41 
                 2.42 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 22% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.36 
                 nd 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0 
                 5.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;7.3 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na  
                 0.14 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.065 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na  
                 0.59 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.37 
                 &gt;0.89 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 44 
                 na 
                 11 
                 na 
                 29 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 9.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 8.3 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.035 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.047 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;na  
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.37 
                 &gt;na  
                 0.062 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 74 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 67 
                 na 
                 11 
                 na 
                 16 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 6.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 4.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.21 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 36 
                 na 
                 11 
                 na 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 5660 
                 17000 
                 5660 
                 9540 
                 5660 
                 3750 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17000 
                 44500 
                 17000 
                 25900 
                 17000 
                 20200 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 29300 
                 65600 
                 29300 
                 34200 
                 29300 
                 39600 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.5E−5 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.69 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 932 
                 0.0130 
                 1110 
                 0.0130 
                 261 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 148000 
                 238000 
                 149000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1483 
                 23 
                 1483 
                 24 
                 1483 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 493 
                 23 
                 493 
                 24 
                 493 
                 14 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 5760 
                 17000 
                 5760 
                 8130 
                 5760 
                 19300 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17200 
                 56500 
                 17200 
                 27500 
                 17200 
                 36000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 29600 
                 81800 
                 29600 
                 35200 
                 29600 
                 47400 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 9.7E−5 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.037 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 1980 
                 0.0130 
                 2050 
                 0.0130 
                 1790 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 227000 
                 238000 
                 110000 
                 238000 
                 149000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1540 
                 9 
                 1540 
                 11 
                 1540 
                 11 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 509 
                 9 
                 509 
                 11 
                 509 
                 11 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 5760 
                 16700 
                 5760 
                 9520 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 17500 
                 42400 
                 17500 
                 24900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 30400 
                 63700 
                 30400 
                 37100 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0038 
                   
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 932 
                 0.0130 
                 1110 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 267000 
                 190000 
                 267000 
                 148000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1513 
                 13 
                 1513 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 472 
                 13 
                 472 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.68 
                 0.61 
                 0.61 
                 0.61 
                 0.57 
                 0.46 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.063 
                 0.099 
                 0.084 
                 0.062 
                 0.091 
                 0.071 
                 0.079 
                 0.090 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.050 
                 0.078 
                 0.17 
                 0.063 
                 0.22 
                 0.30 
                 0.59 
                 0.069 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 9 
                 13 
                 24 
                 11 
                 18 
                 14 
                 11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 4710 
                 4940 
                 4710 
                 4640 
                 4410 
                 4410 
                 3180 
                 9560 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 78% 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 45% 
                 43% 
                 43% 
                 41% 
                 41% 
                 29% 
                 66% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2720 
                 3120 
                 2150 
                 3560 
                 4190 
                 2970 
                 1420 
                 3250 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 89% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                 33% 
                 39% 
                 26% 
                  9% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 2010 
                 1960 
                 2010 
                 2950 
                 2970 
                 1410 
                 1290 
                 3180 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 16% 
                 15% 
                 27% 
                 27% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 11600 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 11600 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 11600 
                 12000 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 52% 
                 67% 
                 54% 
                 42% 
                 36% 
                 39% 
                 29% 
                 55% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 22600 
                 22900 
                 23700 
                 22600 
                 22900 
                 23700 
                 22600 
                 22900 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 43% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 21% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 47200 
                 47900 
                 48800 
                 47200 
                 47900 
                 48800 
                 47200 
                 47900 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 22% 
                 14% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.80 
                 2.0 
                 0.33 
                 4.1 
                 4.0 
                 1.7 
                 0.50 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.73 
                 0.57 
                 0.34 
                 0.078 
                 0.21 
                 0.48 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 0.18 
                 0.034 
                 0.86 
                 0.45 
                 0.40 
                 0.091 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.0 
                 22 
                 3.2 
                 19 
                 36 
                 7.0 
                 2.7 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.40 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 2.5 
                 2.0 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.27 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 0.27 
                 0.57 
                 0.71 
                 1.00 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.076 
                 0.062 
                 0.11 
                 0.48 
                 0.18 
                 0.30 
                 0.25 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.1 
                 16 
                 4.0 
                 13 
                 22 
                 6.0 
                 4.0 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.4 
                 5.0 
                 2.4 
                 4.6 
                 4.0 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 6.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.097 
                 0.14 
                 0.22 
                 0.053 
                 0.21 
                 0.33 
                 1.00 
                 0.096 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.85 
                 0.59 
                 0.60 
                 0.98 
                 0.45 
                 0.50 
                 0.25 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.0 
                 43 
                 9.2 
                 21 
                 36 
                 8.1 
                 4.0 
                 51 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.39 
                 4.55 
                 3.39 
                 6.87 
                 3.39 
                 3.30 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.14 
                 9.42 
                 6.14 
                 14.7 
                 6.14 
                 4.98 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 12.6 
                 12.5 
                 12.6 
                 21.8 
                 12.6 
                 5.03 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.0069 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000104 
                 1.42 
                 0.000104 
                 0.758 
                 0.000104 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 49.4 
                 279 
                 81.9 
                 279 
                 15.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 854 
                 16 
                 854 
                 17 
                 854 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 364 
                 16 
                 364 
                 17 
                 364 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.46 
                 6.47 
                 3.46 
                 6.79 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
                 13.5 
                 6.30 
                 7.21 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 12.8 
                 17.7 
                 12.8 
                 4.19 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.000104 
                 5.17 
                 0.000104 
                 2.96 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 279 
                 57.1 
                 279 
                 15.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 885 
                 8 
                 885 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 377 
                 8 
                 377 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.52 
                 3.45 
                 3.52 
                 7.39 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.37 
                 5.92 
                 6.37 
                 13.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 12.8 
                 7.42 
                 12.8 
                 21.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000104 
                 1.79 
                 0.000104 
                 0.758 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 26.4 
                 279 
                 81.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 849 
                 10 
                 849 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 339 
                 10 
                 339 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.67 
                 0.77 
                 0.61 
                 0.47 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.076 
                 nd 
                 0.093 
                 0.073 
                 0.098 
                 0.084 
                 0.094 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.099 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
                 0.017 
                 0.0050 
                 0.20 
                 0.73 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 854 
                 nd 
                 849 
                 854 
                 885 
                 849 
                 854 
                 885 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 17 
                 8 
                 13 
                 10 
                 7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 3.18 
                 nd 
                 2.37 
                 5.16 
                 5.96 
                 1.95 
                 1.37 
                 4.73 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 77% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 66% 
                 70% 
                 30% 
                 21% 
                 63% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2.22 
                 nd 
                 2.22 
                 1.95 
                 5.42 
                 1.45 
                 0.806 
                 3.74 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 88% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 32% 
                 67% 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                 55% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.78 
                 nd 
                 2.05 
                 0.944 
                 5.16 
                 0.944 
                 0.493 
                 2.95 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 14% 
                 66% 
                 12% 
                  6% 
                 44% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.74 
                 nd 
                 6.02 
                 5.74 
                 5.90 
                 6.02 
                 5.74 
                 5.90 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 59% 
                 75% 
                 54% 
                 40% 
                 57% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 8.36 
                 nd 
                 8.53 
                 8.36 
                 8.47 
                 8.53 
                 8.36 
                 8.47 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 41% 
                 38% 
                 46% 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 13.0 
                 nd 
                 13.4 
                 13.0 
                 13.4 
                 13.4 
                 13.0 
                 13.4 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 24% 
                 12% 
                 23% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;6.1 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;0 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.094 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;na  
                 0.65 
                 0.66 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.73 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;na  
                 0.11 
                 0.11 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 36 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 4.0 
                 4.0 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 6.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.7 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 0.33 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.48 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 0.34 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.40 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 0.034 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 7.1 
                 na 
                 3.2 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 5.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.7 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 2.4 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.14 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.22 
                 0.70 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.71 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.60 
                 0.30 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 44 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 10 
                 na 
                 9.3 
                 6.1 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 1 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 848 
                 289 
                 848 
                 549 
                 848 
                 429 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1200 
                 488 
                 1200 
                 967 
                 1200 
                 582 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1420 
                 551 
                 1420 
                 1200 
                 1420 
                 595 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.016 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.10 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 55.5 
                 0.00328 
                 8.50 
                 0.00328 
                 35.1 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 2430 
                 16700 
                 5020 
                 16700 
                 1910 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1482 
                 23 
                 1482 
                 23 
                 1482 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 493 
                 23 
                 493 
                 23 
                 493 
                 14 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 834 
                 189 
                 834 
                 494 
                 834 
                 194 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1180 
                 335 
                 1180 
                 624 
                 1180 
                 433 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1400 
                 447 
                 1400 
                 504 
                 1400 
                 506 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.070 
                   
                 0.21 
                   
                 0.076 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 55.5 
                 0.00328 
                 90.5 
                 0.00328 
                 32.9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 1470 
                 16700 
                 1650 
                 16700 
                 1500 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1539 
                 9 
                 1539 
                 10 
                 1539 
                 11 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 509 
                 9 
                 509 
                 10 
                 509 
                 11 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 842 
                 320 
                 842 
                 546 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1200 
                 444 
                 1200 
                 827 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1430 
                 350 
                 1430 
                 889 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.056 
                   
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 70.1 
                 0.00328 
                 8.50 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 16700 
                 1140 
                 16700 
                 3420 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1511 
                 13 
                 1511 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 472 
                 13 
                 472 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.28 
                 0.20 
                 0.28 
                 0.42 
                 0.37 
                 0.40 
                 0.32 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.061 
                 0.089 
                 0.081 
                 0.063 
                 0.095 
                 0.071 
                 0.080 
                 0.086 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 2.1E−4 
                 9.2E−4 
                 0.0059 
                 0.19 
                 0.16 
                 0.17 
                 0.026 
                 0.0045 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1482 
                 1539 
                 1511 
                 1482 
                 1539 
                 1511 
                 1482 
                 1539 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 9 
                 13 
                 23 
                 10 
                 18 
                 14 
                 11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 155 
                 110 
                 155 
                 364 
                 449 
                 364 
                 125 
                 77.7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 78% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 25% 
                  9% 
                  6% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 145 
                 69.8 
                 145 
                 119 
                 247 
                 119 
                 61.5 
                 61.5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 89% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 11% 
                  5% 
                 11% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                  9% 
                  5% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 110 
                 55.2 
                 119 
                 89.7 
                 91.2 
                 75.4 
                 51.2 
                 34.6 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  8% 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                  7% 
                  7% 
                  6% 
                  4% 
                  3% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1380 
                 1340 
                 1360 
                 1380 
                 1340 
                 1360 
                 1380 
                 1340 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  9% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 13% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1730 
                 1710 
                 1730 
                 1730 
                 1710 
                 1730 
                 1730 
                 1710 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2450 
                 2430 
                 2460 
                 2450 
                 2430 
                 2460 
                 2450 
                 2430 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.5 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.32 
                 0.57 
                 0.27 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.50 
                 0.18 
                 0.49 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 29 
                 na 
                 na 
                 8.1 
                 22 
                 13 
                 29 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 5.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.4 
                 4.0 
                 2.5 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.14 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.21 
                 0.21 
                 0.27 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.59 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.61 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 44 
                 na 
                 na 
                 9.2 
                 36 
                 13 
                 29 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 15 
                 &gt;7.1 
                 &gt;8.2 
                 2.4 
                 3.0 
                 3.0 
                 7.1 
                 &gt;7.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0099 
                 &lt;0.067 
                 &lt;0.048 
                 0.21 
                 0.34 
                 0.17 
                 0.067 
                 &lt;0.066 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;0.87 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.61 
                 0.31 
                 0.61 
                 0.87 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 110 
                 na 
                 na 
                 9.2 
                 29 
                 15 
                 58 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 0.000168 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.63E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00494 
                 0.0778 
                 0.00494 
                 0.0504 
                 0.00494 
                 0.00105 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0336 
                 0.249 
                 0.0336 
                 0.155 
                 0.0336 
                 0.00323 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  9.9E−12 
                   
                  9.4E−8 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 2.17E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.634 
                 1.02 
                 0.634 
                 0.560 
                 0.634 
                 0.0102 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1276 
                 17 
                 1276 
                 21 
                 1276 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 400 
                 17 
                 400 
                 21 
                 400 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 0.00600 
                 2.83E−5 
                 0.000197 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.55E−5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00524 
                 0.188 
                 0.00524 
                 0.0539 
                 0.00524 
                 2.62E−5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0354 
                 0.377 
                 0.0354 
                 0.168 
                 0.0354 
                 3.91E−6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  2.0E−27 
                   
                  2.7E−5 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 7.53E−6 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.88E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 2.17E−5 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.634 
                 1.02 
                 0.634 
                 0.560 
                 0.634 
                 3.21E−5 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1324 
                 7 
                 1324 
                 11 
                 1324 
                 8 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 414 
                 7 
                 414 
                 11 
                 414 
                 8 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 2.83E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.00839 
                 0.113 
                 0.00839 
                 0.0349 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0779 
                 0.340 
                 0.0779 
                 0.121 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  1.3E−4 
                   
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.88E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.66E−5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.28 
                 1.02 
                 2.28 
                 0.470 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1331 
                 9 
                 1331 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 397 
                 9 
                 397 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.61 
                 0.54 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
                 0.62 
                 0.47 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.072 
                 0.11 
                 0.099 
                 0.066 
                 0.090 
                 0.078 
                 0.093 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.52 
                 0.34 
                 0.69 
                 0.015 
                 0.075 
                 0.12 
                 0.77 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 17 
                 7 
                 9 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 2.53E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 2.46E−5 
                 2.38E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 76% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 26% 
                 18% 
                 30% 
                 39% 
                 29% 
                 36% 
                 34% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.34E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.88E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 2.17E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 10% 
                 22% 
                 26% 
                 22% 
                 26% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.34E−5 
                 5.62E−6 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.82E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 1.92E−5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 95% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                  4% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 26% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 4.39E−5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 35% 
                 57% 
                 11% 
                 57% 
                 64% 
                 47% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 0.000114 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 35% 
                 57% 
                 11% 
                 52% 
                 55% 
                 47% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 0.00364 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 57% 
                 11% 
                 19% 
                 36% 
                 20% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.60 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 0.75 
                 0.33 
                 1.00 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.48 
                 na 
                 1.0 
                 0.70 
                 0.34 
                 1.00 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 na 
                 0.14 
                 0.17 
                 0.034 
                 0.20 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.5 
                 na 
                 7.1 
                 3.4 
                 3.2 
                 5.0 
                 29 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.60 
                 0 
                 2.0 
                 0.50 
                 0 
                 0.66 
                 6.1 
                 &gt;5.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.48 
                 na 
                 0.42 
                 0.42 
                 na 
                 0.66 
                 0.095 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 na 
                 0.37 
                 0.090 
                 na 
                 0.11 
                 0.73 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.5 
                 na 
                 11 
                 2.7 
                 na 
                 4.0 
                 51 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 0.50 
                 3.1 
                 2.4 
                 2.4 
                 0 
                 &gt;0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.77 
                 0.71 
                 0.57 
                 0.054 
                 0.22 
                 0.22 
                 na 
                 &lt;na  
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.30 
                 0.045 
                 0.98 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
                 na 
                 &gt;na  
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 4.0 
                 6.0 
                 5.5 
                 9.6 
                 9.2 
                 9.2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0140 
                 0.0567 
                 0.0140 
                 0.0466 
                 0.0140 
                 0.00852 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.168 
                 0.249 
                 0.168 
                 0.214 
                 0.168 
                 0.0619 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.559 
                 0.393 
                 0.559 
                 0.393 
                 0.559 
                 0.149 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.55 
                   
                 0.71 
                   
                 0.55 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.00290 
                 1.14E−9 
                 7.54E−8 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.000662 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 1.53 
                 8.92 
                 1.59 
                 8.92 
                 0.482 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1276 
                 17 
                 1276 
                 21 
                 1276 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 400 
                 17 
                 400 
                 21 
                 400 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0145 
                 0.318 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0466 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0115 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.174 
                 0.434 
                 0.174 
                 0.0590 
                 0.174 
                 0.110 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.558 
                 0.553 
                 0.558 
                 0.0659 
                 0.558 
                 0.185 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.00620 
                 1.14E−9 
                 7.54E−8 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.00255 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 1.53 
                 8.92 
                 0.206 
                 8.92 
                 0.482 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1324 
                 7 
                 1324 
                 11 
                 1324 
                 8 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 414 
                 7 
                 414 
                 11 
                 414 
                 8 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0142 
                 0.0809 
                 0.0142 
                 0.0598 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.175 
                 0.176 
                 0.175 
                 0.287 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.590 
                 0.183 
                 0.590 
                 0.449 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.00 
                   
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.14E−9 
                 0.00163 
                 1.14E−9 
                 7.54E−8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 8.92 
                 0.442 
                 8.92 
                 1.59 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1331 
                 9 
                 1331 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 397 
                 9 
                 397 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.66 
                 0.71 
                 0.66 
                 0.59 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 0.42 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 0.11 
                 0.100 
                 0.066 
                 0.090 
                 0.078 
                 0.095 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.029 
                 0.052 
                 0.10 
                 0.20 
                 0.50 
                 0.18 
                 0.37 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 1331 
                 1276 
                 1324 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 17 
                 7 
                 9 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0171 
                 0.0191 
                 0.0172 
                 0.00670 
                 0.0116 
                 0.00670 
                 0.00324 
                 0.00583 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 57% 
                 56% 
                 32% 
                 43% 
                 32% 
                 18% 
                 28% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00618 
                 0.0115 
                 0.00289 
                 0.00514 
                 0.00484 
                 0.00544 
                 0.00254 
                 0.00324 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 43% 
                 17% 
                 26% 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00293 
                 0.00618 
                 0.00162 
                 0.00228 
                 0.00108 
                 0.00228 
                 0.00105 
                 0.00254 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 17% 
                 30% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                  8% 
                 14% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0347 
                 0.0374 
                 0.0353 
                 0.0347 
                 0.0374 
                 0.0353 
                 0.0347 
                 0.0374 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 59% 
                 57% 
                 67% 
                 52% 
                 55% 
                 53% 
                 30% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0850 
                 0.0996 
                 0.0863 
                 0.0850 
                 0.0996 
                 0.0863 
                 0.0850 
                 0.0996 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 41% 
                 57% 
                 44% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
                 40% 
                 10% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.374 
                 0.400 
                 0.374 
                 0.374 
                 0.400 
                 0.374 
                 0.374 
                 0.400 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 24% 
                 43% 
                 22% 
                 19% 
                  0% 
                 27% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 0 
                 1.7 
                 0.33 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 na 
                 0.48 
                 0.34 
                 0.42 
                 1.00 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 na 
                 0.40 
                 0.034 
                 0.36 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 7.1 
                 3.2 
                 11 
                 7.2 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.50 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 0.50 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.70 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.57 
                 1.0 
                 0.65 
                 0.57 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.30 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.045 
                 0.20 
                 0.11 
                 0.045 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.0 
                 na 
                 5.5 
                 5.0 
                 4.0 
                 5.5 
                 7.1 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;4.0 
                 3.0 
                 3.4 
                 1.7 
                 4.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.097 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.18 
                 0.065 
                 0.48 
                 0.078 
                 0.42 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.61 
                 0.93 
                 0.40 
                 0.86 
                 0.37 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 11 
                 na 
                 15 
                 12 
                 7.1 
                 19 
                 11 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 131 
                 135 
                 131 
                 157 
                 131 
                 136 
               
               
                 Average 
                 140 
                 141 
                 140 
                 163 
                 140 
                 129 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 58.5 
                 43.3 
                 58.5 
                 90.7 
                 58.5 
                 38.1 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.56 
               
               
                 Min 
                 31.0 
                 83.4 
                 31.0 
                 53.4 
                 31.0 
                 69.9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 360 
                 234 
                 360 
                 444 
                 360 
                 177 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 816 
                 16 
                 816 
                 16 
                 816 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 362 
                 16 
                 362 
                 16 
                 362 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 130 
                 151 
                 130 
                 170 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 140 
                 152 
                 140 
                 160 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 58.9 
                 61.3 
                 58.9 
                 42.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.37 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 31.0 
                 74.6 
                 31.0 
                 76.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 444 
                 265 
                 444 
                 217 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 847 
                 8 
                 847 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 375 
                 8 
                 375 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 130 
                 116 
                 130 
                 124 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 140 
                 129 
                 140 
                 149 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 58.8 
                 48.9 
                 58.8 
                 96.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 31.0 
                 77.1 
                 31.0 
                 53.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 360 
                 234 
                 360 
                 444 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 811 
                 10 
                 811 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 338 
                 10 
                 338 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 0.56 
                 0.56 
                 0.49 
                 0.47 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.074 
                 nd 
                 0.094 
                 0.075 
                 0.11 
                 0.081 
                 0.093 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.39 
                 0.56 
                 0.91 
                 0.76 
                 0.22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 816 
                 nd 
                 811 
                 816 
                 847 
                 811 
                 816 
                 847 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 16 
                 8 
                 13 
                 10 
                 7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 118 
                 nd 
                 100 
                 110 
                 102 
                 100 
                 120 
                 164 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 77% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 36% 
                 31% 
                 31% 
                 42% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 107 
                 nd 
                 92.4 
                 102 
                 98.4 
                 99.1 
                 96.4 
                 143 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 58% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 84.8 
                 nd 
                 84.8 
                 74.4 
                 74.4 
                 81.8 
                 76.5 
                 76.5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 100% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 166 
                 nd 
                 166 
                 166 
                 165 
                 166 
                 166 
                 165 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                 57% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 192 
                 nd 
                 192 
                 192 
                 190 
                 192 
                 192 
                 190 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 222 
                 nd 
                 220 
                 222 
                 220 
                 220 
                 222 
                 220 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;6.2 
                 0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 1.00 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.092 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.37 
                 0.18 
                 0.37 
                 &gt;0.74 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 7.2 
                 11 
                 22 
                 11 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 3.1 
                 2.0 
                 2.5 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 0.17 
                 0.57 
                 0.27 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
                 0.61 
                 0.18 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 11 
                 15 
                 22 
                 13 
                 na 
                 37 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 1.00 
                 0.42 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.37 
                 0.31 
                 0.14 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 7.2 
                 11 
                 29 
                 7.2 
                 na 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 1300 
                 2180 
                 1300 
                 1520 
                 1300 
                 1450 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2160 
                 3460 
                 2160 
                 8940 
                 2160 
                 1480 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2890 
                 3590 
                 2890 
                 20600 
                 2890 
                 1120 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.032 
                   
                 2.1E−17 
                   
                 0.38 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 90.7 
                 0.0376 
                 113 
                 0.0376 
                 14.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 45800 
                 14600 
                 45800 
                 80100 
                 45800 
                 3740 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1483 
                 23 
                 1483 
                 24 
                 1483 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 493 
                 23 
                 493 
                 24 
                 493 
                 14 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 1340 
                 1920 
                 1340 
                 1840 
                 1340 
                 1590 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2320 
                 3280 
                 2320 
                 9720 
                 2320 
                 1770 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3500 
                 4440 
                 3500 
                 23400 
                 3500 
                 1070 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 9.0E−10 
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 90.7 
                 0.0376 
                 679 
                 0.0376 
                 419 
               
               
                 Max 
                 68100 
                 14600 
                 68100 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 3740 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1540 
                 9 
                 1540 
                 11 
                 1540 
                 11 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 509 
                 9 
                 509 
                 11 
                 509 
                 11 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 1370 
                 1670 
                 1370 
                 1250 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2280 
                 2790 
                 2280 
                 6600 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3540 
                 2840 
                 3540 
                 16200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 3.5E−6  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 150 
                 0.0376 
                 113 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 80100 
                 8180 
                 80100 
                 68100 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 1513 
                 13 
                 1513 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 472 
                 13 
                 472 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.58 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.66 
                 0.48 
                 0.46 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.063 
                 0.100 
                 0.082 
                 0.061 
                 0.090 
                 0.069 
                 0.079 
                 0.089 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 0.44 
                 0.71 
                 0.27 
                 0.071 
                 0.80 
                 0.61 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 1513 
                 1483 
                 1540 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 9 
                 13 
                 24 
                 11 
                 18 
                 14 
                 11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 831 
                 878 
                 481 
                 1020 
                 1460 
                 560 
                 813 
                 1250 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 78% 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 34% 
                 17% 
                 40% 
                 54% 
                 21% 
                 32% 
                 47% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 404 
                 831 
                 333 
                 560 
                 1330 
                 360 
                 276 
                 1020 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 89% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 16% 
                 33% 
                 11% 
                 22% 
                 50% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 163 
                 90.6 
                 163 
                 291 
                 1020 
                 167 
                 72.4 
                 619 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  4% 
                  1% 
                  4% 
                 10% 
                 40% 
                  4% 
                  1% 
                 24% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2250 
                 2330 
                 2330 
                 2250 
                 2330 
                 2330 
                 2250 
                 2330 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 33% 
                 46% 
                 38% 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 21% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3140 
                 3250 
                 3240 
                 3140 
                 3250 
                 3240 
                 3140 
                 3250 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 22% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 36% 
                 22% 
                  7% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4640 
                 5100 
                 4800 
                 4640 
                 5100 
                 4800 
                 4640 
                 5100 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 35% 
                 11% 
                 31% 
                 21% 
                 27% 
                 17% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.80 
                 2.0 
                 0.50 
                 1.00 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 0.60 
                 1.7 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.73 
                 0.57 
                 0.42 
                 1.00 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.48 
                 0.48 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 0.18 
                 0.090 
                 0.29 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.14 
                 0.40 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 3.0 
                 22 
                 2.7 
                 3.5 
                 na 
                 2.5 
                 7.1 
                 9.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 0.60 
                 4.0 
                 0.50 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;4.0 
                 0.80 
                 0.67 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 0.48 
                 0.21 
                 0.42 
                 0.77 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.74 
                 0.66 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 0.45 
                 0.091 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.21 
                 0.11 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.5 
                 36 
                 2.7 
                 4.0 
                 na 
                 3.0 
                 4.0 
                 11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.2 
                 2.0 
                 1.2 
                 1.6 
                 &gt;4.0 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.14 
                 0.57 
                 0.74 
                 0.41 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.76 
                 0.70 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.77 
                 0.18 
                 0.33 
                 0.52 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.37 
                 0.30 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 6.5 
                 22 
                 4.7 
                 5.0 
                 na 
                 4.0 
                 6.0 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.6 
                 9.54 
                 10.6 
                 15.6 
                 10.6 
                 0.221 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.1 
                 19.1 
                 19.1 
                 437 
                 19.1 
                 10.9 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 50.4 
                 34.4 
                 50.4 
                 1770 
                 50.4 
                 20.2 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.00 
                   
                 3.5E−12 
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0190 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 141 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 945 
                 50.9 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 883 
                 16 
                 883 
                 18 
                 883 
                 10 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 367 
                 16 
                 367 
                 18 
                 367 
                 10 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 10.6 
                 20.6 
                 10.6 
                 0.338 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 27.3 
                 23.6 
                 27.3 
                 9.59 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 254 
                 9.89 
                 254 
                 19.1 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.97 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00398 
                 9.36 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0184 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 7540 
                 39.5 
                 7540 
                 50.9 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 915 
                 8 
                 915 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 380 
                 8 
                 380 
                 7 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.7 
                 11.4 
                 10.7 
                 4.85 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.4 
                 26.0 
                 19.4 
                 552 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 50.4 
                 42.2 
                 50.4 
                 2010 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 4.9E−15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00398 
                 0.0208 
                 0.00398 
                 0.00398 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 945 
                 141 
                 945 
                 7540 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 878 
                 10 
                 878 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 342 
                 10 
                 342 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
                 0.73 
                 0.45 
                 0.35 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 nd 
                 0.095 
                 0.071 
                 0.10 
                 0.080 
                 0.095 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.91 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
                 0.28 
                 0.026 
                 0.52 
                 0.12 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 883 
                 nd 
                 878 
                 883 
                 915 
                 878 
                 883 
                 915 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 18 
                 8 
                 14 
                 10 
                 7 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.338 
                 nd 
                 7.28 
                 8.63 
                 20.5 
                 0.0748 
                 0.0187 
                 0.0187 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 79% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                 46% 
                 72% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.315 
                 nd 
                 0.338 
                 0.0840 
                 15.6 
                 0.0187 
                 0.0184 
                 0.0184 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 93% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 20% 
                 63% 
                 11% 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0190 
                 nd 
                 0.315 
                 0.0748 
                 8.63 
                 0.0187 
                 0.0179 
                 0.0179 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
                 17% 
                 46% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 19.5 
                 nd 
                 19.8 
                 19.5 
                 19.5 
                 19.8 
                 19.5 
                 19.5 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 39% 
                 75% 
                 29% 
                 20% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 27.8 
                 nd 
                 28.1 
                 27.8 
                 27.8 
                 28.1 
                 27.8 
                 27.8 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 22% 
                 38% 
                 14% 
                 20% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 40.0 
                 nd 
                 41.6 
                 40.0 
                 40.0 
                 41.6 
                 40.0 
                 40.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 20% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
                 0.75 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 2.0 
                 0.50 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 2 
                 0.077 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.70 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.42 
                 0.57 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.37 
                 0.045 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 37 
                 3.4 
                 na 
                 11 
                 5.6 
                 16 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;4.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 3 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.37 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 1.0 
                 1.00 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.51 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 6.1 
                 na 
                 7.2 
                 7.2 
                 22 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
                 1.00 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 3.1 
                 2.5 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
               
               
                 4 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.99 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.17 
                 0.27 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.25 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.61 
                 0.49 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 37 
                 4.0 
                 na 
                 15 
                 13 
                 29 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR 
               
               
                 Quart4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 10: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0, R, or I) and in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects who progress to RIFLE stage F) at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to the subject reaching RIFLE stage I. 
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 32.9 
                 96.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 49.1 
                 127 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 97.1 
                 115 
               
               
                   
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 25.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 339 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 487 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 218 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 P 
                 0.0049 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 487 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1  
                 52.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2  
                 52.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3  
                 25.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 47.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5  
                 61.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 92.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of  
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;4.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Amphiregulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 22.4 
                 41.7 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 28.3 
                 40.8 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 22.9 
                 16.4 
               
               
                   
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.18 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 19.8 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 198 
                 60.8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 478 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 214 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 P 
                 0.034 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 478 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1  
                 24.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2  
                 24.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3  
                 19.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 32.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5  
                 39.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 54.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of  
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 &gt;4.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 4.02 
                 6.55 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.75 
                 12.8 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 5.32 
                 16.1 
               
               
                   
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 4.7E−4 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00289 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 60.7 
                 43.4 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 479 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 216 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 P 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 479 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1  
                 3.09 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2  
                 3.09 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.00282 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 5% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5  
                 6.66 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 8.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of  
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR  
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 29 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.392 
                 1.07 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.771 
                 2.58 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2.33 
                 4.32 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.063 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0249 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 11.3 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 478 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 215 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.067 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 478 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.513 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 61% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.513 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 61% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0201 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.645 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.806 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.157 
                 0.271 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.198 
                 0.414 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.198 
                 0.369 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0090 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2.92E−5 
                 0.0449 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2.09 
                 0.971 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 487 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 218 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 487 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.172 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 54% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.172 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 54% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0430 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.233 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.300 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.395 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4  
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 29 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0538 
                 0.103 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.214 
                 0.141 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.529 
                 0.145 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 4.60E−6 
                 0.0212 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5.72 
                 0.418 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 487 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 218 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 487 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.0388 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.0388 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0209 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.129 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.224 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.495 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4  
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding EGF-Like Growth Factor 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 16.3 
                 46.9 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 20.0 
                 74.3 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 15.8 
                 74.4 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−13 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20 
                 21.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 186 
                 222 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 476 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient)  
                 215 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.92 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.076 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 2.4E−8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 476 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 35.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 35.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 20.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 20.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 23.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 31.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 &lt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 &gt;5.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 &gt;0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Tenascin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 593 
                 1520 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1170 
                 1380 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2220 
                 718 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 43.9 
                 323 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 26100 
                 2220 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 486 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 217 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 486 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 814 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 814 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 322 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 964 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1250 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2140 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 OR 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 of OR 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Quart 4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 11: Comparison of marker levels in enroll urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R within 48 hrs) and in enroll urine samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects reaching RIFLE stage I or F within 48 hrs). Enroll samples from patients already at RIFLE stage I or F were included in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4420 
                 8700 
                 5060 
                 8890 
                 4570 
                 8690 
               
               
                 Average 
                 7680 
                 11200 
                 8320 
                 11600 
                 7900 
                 10900 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 7650 
                 8940 
                 7980 
                 10100 
                 7910 
                 8530 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.9E−4 
                   
                 0.092 
                   
                 0.0030 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00873 
                 54.6 
                 0.00873 
                 647 
                 0.00873 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
                 30600 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.58 
                 0.61 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.034 
                 0.072 
                 0.036 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 6.5E−4 
                 0.28 
                 0.0017 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 352 
                 421 
                 343 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 93 
                 18 
                 82 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 4290 
                 4330 
                 4330 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 50% 
                 46% 
                 50% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2200 
                 995 
                 2580 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 28% 
                 12% 
                 33% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 985 
                 831 
                 1050 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 13% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 9070 
                 10600 
                 9500 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 49% 
                 44% 
                 48% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 15600 
                 16600 
                 15800 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 20400 
                 20400 
                 20400 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 17% 
                 12% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.93 
                 0.39 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.85 
                 0.26 
                 0.43 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.073 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 0.78 
                 2.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.23 
                 0.72 
                 0.071 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.77 
                 0.21 
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 3.0 
                 3.0 
                 4.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 1.4 
                 2.7 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.0038 
                 0.57 
                 0.0078 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 0.43 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 5.0 
                 4.6 
                 5.5 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 9.75 
                 14.6 
                 10.6 
                 20.7 
                 10.6 
                 13.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 39.3 
                 51.6 
                 40.1 
                 74.6 
                 39.8 
                 49.3 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 89.3 
                 95.9 
                 89.2 
                 118 
                 89.5 
                 96.1 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
                 0.000466 
               
               
                 Max 
                 708 
                 413 
                 708 
                 413 
                 708 
                 413 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 294 
                 79 
                 351 
                 17 
                 296 
                 69 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 294 
                 79 
                 351 
                 17 
                 296 
                 69 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.074 
                 0.039 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.036 
                 0.12 
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 294 
                 351 
                 296 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 79 
                 17 
                 69 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 7.09 
                 8.48 
                 7.09 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 38% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 5.29 
                 5.29 
                 5.10 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 28% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 3.28 
                 2.94 
                 3.21 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 18.1 
                 19.6 
                 19.4 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 46% 
                 53% 
                 39% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 36.6 
                 36.2 
                 37.2 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 47% 
                 22% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 96.2 
                 96.5 
                 96.2 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 24% 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.70 
                 0.43 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.73 
                 0.29 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 3.3 
                 6.2 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 0.66 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.44 
                 0.65 
                 0.43 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.63 
                 0.11 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 2.9 
                 4.0 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 2.8 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.026 
                 0.13 
                 0.10 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.73 
                 0.88 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 4.7 
                 11 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 23.5 
                 39.4 
                 25.0 
                 42.8 
                 25.2 
                 35.9 
               
               
                 Average 
                 72.3 
                 177 
                 90.2 
                 248 
                 73.1 
                 162 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 202 
                 527 
                 298 
                 478 
                 211 
                 522 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.082 
                   
                 0.043 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00131 
                 2.63 
                 0.00131 
                 10.1 
                 0.00131 
                 2.63 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 3480 
                 3480 
                 1710 
                 1710 
                 3480 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 245 
                 68 
                 296 
                 12 
                 232 
                 60 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 245 
                 68 
                 296 
                 12 
                 232 
                 60 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 0.65 
                 0.59 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.040 
                 0.088 
                 0.042 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.0062 
                 0.081 
                 0.027 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 245 
                 296 
                 232 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 68 
                 12 
                 60 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 18.9 
                 18.9 
                 18.9 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 83% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 41% 
                 39% 
                 39% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 15.0 
                 18.9 
                 15.0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 39% 
                 34% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 10.0 
                 12.6 
                 10.0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 21% 
                 26% 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 45.7 
                 49.1 
                 45.9 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 42% 
                 45% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 59.5 
                 68.6 
                 59.5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 34% 
                 42% 
                 33% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 118 
                 133 
                 114 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 42% 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.0 
                 3.1 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.099 
                 0.33 
                 0.14 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.87 
                 0.31 
                 0.81 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 4.8 
                 30 
                 4.5 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 3.1 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.38 
                 0.33 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.31 
                 0.39 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 3.6 
                 30 
                 2.6 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.3 
                 5.3 
                 2.9 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.0037 
                 0.13 
                 0.012 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 0.60 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 7.5 
                 46 
                 6.6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.793 
                 1.22 
                 0.777 
                 1.80 
                 0.909 
                 0.777 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1.41 
                 1.56 
                 1.42 
                 2.12 
                 1.35 
                 1.47 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.13 
                 1.94 
                 2.11 
                 1.52 
                 1.63 
                 1.98 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00352 
                 0.00179 
                 0.00240 
               
               
                 Max 
                 23.1 
                 11.6 
                 23.1 
                 4.57 
                 9.19 
                 11.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 245 
                 68 
                 296 
                 12 
                 232 
                 60 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 245 
                 68 
                 296 
                 12 
                 232 
                 60 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.67 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.040 
                 0.087 
                 0.042 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.48 
                 0.049 
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 245 
                 296 
                 232 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 68 
                 12 
                 60 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0407 
                 1.51 
                 0.0407 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 59% 
                 28% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00342 
                 0.793 
                 0.00342 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 51% 
                 19% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00246 
                 0.0522 
                 0.00246 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 31% 
                 11% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.76 
                 1.87 
                 1.78 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 37% 
                 50% 
                 33% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.41 
                 2.42 
                 2.41 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
                 3.36 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 25% 
                 13% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.85 
                 1.0 
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 1.0 
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.39 
                 0.061 
                 0.35 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 1.9 
                 16 
                 1.7 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 5.3 
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.13 
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.60 
                 0.35 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 2.1 
                 46 
                 1.7 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 5.3 
                 0.85 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.74 
                 0.13 
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 0.60 
                 0.39 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 2.4 
                 46 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 4620 
                 5530 
                 4710 
                 9920 
                 4690 
                 5400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 16600 
                 17200 
                 16300 
                 24300 
                 16400 
                 16900 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 32000 
                 27800 
                 31100 
                 28800 
                 31000 
                 28600 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.28 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0130 
                 261 
                 0.0130 
                 748 
                 0.0130 
                 261 
               
               
                 Max 
                 238000 
                 148000 
                 238000 
                 110000 
                 238000 
                 148000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.034 
                 0.072 
                 0.036 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.096 
                 0.12 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 352 
                 421 
                 343 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 93 
                 18 
                 82 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 3530 
                 2970 
                 3530 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 35% 
                 41% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2540 
                 2540 
                 2570 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 32% 
                 30% 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1510 
                 1410 
                 1510 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 13% 
                 15% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 9580 
                 9440 
                 10000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 50% 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 20800 
                 20000 
                 21900 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                 44% 
                 21% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 43700 
                 43700 
                 43700 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 0.99 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.38 
                 0.99 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.68 
                 0.20 
                 0.64 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 2.7 
                 5.0 
                 2.7 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.069 
                 0.71 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.95 
                 0.29 
                 0.82 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 3.6 
                 6.1 
                 3.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 2.8 
                 1.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.85 
                 0.72 
                 0.72 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 3.3 
                 11 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.42 
                 5.13 
                 3.55 
                 3.48 
                 3.52 
                 5.13 
               
               
                 Average 
                 6.98 
                 13.9 
                 8.25 
                 15.1 
                 7.67 
                 13.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 19.3 
                 22.1 
                 20.3 
                 20.4 
                 20.3 
                 21.9 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.014 
                   
                 0.27 
                   
                 0.081 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0298 
                 0.376 
                 0.0298 
                 1.42 
                 0.0298 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 Max 
                 279 
                 134 
                 279 
                 57.1 
                 279 
                 134 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 237 
                 64 
                 285 
                 11 
                 223 
                 57 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 237 
                 64 
                 285 
                 11 
                 223 
                 57 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.092 
                 0.043 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.0020 
                 0.29 
                 0.015 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 237 
                 285 
                 223 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 64 
                 11 
                 57 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.85 
                 2.57 
                 2.85 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 38% 
                 42% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.81 
                 2.10 
                 1.81 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 31% 
                 32% 
                 30% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.971 
                 1.46 
                 0.750 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 22% 
                  9% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.81 
                 6.55 
                 6.30 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 45% 
                 46% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 8.47 
                 10.2 
                 9.47 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 36% 
                 37% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 13.6 
                 17.1 
                 14.6 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 0.41 
                 0.37 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.81 
                 0.37 
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 4.5 
                 12 
                 3.7 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.1 
                 0.49 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.81 
                 0.57 
                 0.81 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.044 
                 0.44 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 2.8 
                 5.6 
                 2.8 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.4 
                 2.1 
                 2.8 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.0035 
                 0.41 
                 0.018 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 0.37 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 7.7 
                 12 
                 6.4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Heparin-Binding Growth Factor 1 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 867 
                 712 
                 869 
                 396 
                 861 
                 820 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1250 
                 1160 
                 1250 
                 768 
                 1240 
                 1200 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1400 
                 1340 
                 1390 
                 1230 
                 1420 
                 1310 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00328 
                 2.62 
                 0.00328 
                 2.62 
                 0.00328 
                 2.62 
               
               
                 Max 
                 12300 
                 6460 
                 12300 
                 5360 
                 12300 
                 6460 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 0.32 
                 0.48 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.034 
                 0.071 
                 0.036 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.21 
                 0.013 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 352 
                 421 
                 343 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 93 
                 18 
                 82 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 338 
                 221 
                 417 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 22% 
                 14% 
                 29% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 226 
                 101 
                 280 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 18% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 101 
                 49.5 
                 119 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  8% 
                  4% 
                  9% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1430 
                 1420 
                 1420 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 17% 
                 27% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1850 
                 1850 
                 1820 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 18% 
                  6% 
                 23% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2630 
                 2670 
                 2670 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                 11% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 4.1 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.71 
                 0.21 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.59 
                 0.45 
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 2.2 
                 37 
                 2.1 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.95 
                 4.1 
                 0.95 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.89 
                 0.21 
                 0.88 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 0.45 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 1.9 
                 37 
                 1.9 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 9.8 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 0.032 
                 0.71 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.81 
                 1.2 
                 0.58 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 2.9 
                 79 
                 2.2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Thrombospondin-2 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 988 
                 1300 
                 1050 
                 2210 
                 1050 
                 1300 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1640 
                 3290 
                 1940 
                 3080 
                 1740 
                 3270 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2280 
                 7500 
                 4070 
                 3520 
                 2430 
                 7860 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 4.1E-4 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.0024 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0376 
                 14.6 
                 0.0376 
                 90.7 
                 0.0376 
                 14.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 26900 
                 68100 
                 68100 
                 14600 
                 26900 
                 68100 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 352 
                 93 
                 421 
                 18 
                 343 
                 82 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
                 0.58 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.034 
                 0.072 
                 0.036 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.0038 
                 0.14 
                 0.019 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 352 
                 421 
                 343 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 93 
                 18 
                 82 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 760 
                 679 
                 760 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 39% 
                 34% 
                 37% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 498 
                 360 
                 502 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 332 
                 122 
                 360 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                  5% 
                 18% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1770 
                 1830 
                 1840 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 41% 
                 56% 
                 39% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2270 
                 2430 
                 2350 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 40% 
                 44% 
                 37% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3270 
                 4010 
                 3620 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 28% 
                 28% 
                 22% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.71 
                 0.19 
                 0.86 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.13 
                 0.70 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 0.022 
                 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart2 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 1.8 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.1 
                 0.58 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 0.47 
                 0.85 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 0.14 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart3 
                 2.1 
                 2.5 
                 2.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.2 
                 1.9 
                 2.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.011 
                 0.28 
                 0.018 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.60 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart4 
                 4.2 
                 5.7 
                 4.3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 12: Comparison of marker levels in enroll EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R within 48 hrs) and in enroll EDTA samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects reaching RIFLE stage I or F within 48 hrs). Enroll samples from patients already at stage I or F were included in Cohort 2. 
     Angiogenin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 179000 
                 117000 
                 179000 
                 110000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 197000 
                 159000 
                 197000 
                 157000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 197000 
                 107000 
                 201000 
                 108000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 10800 
                 24100 
                 10800 
                 24100 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2240000 
                 430000 
                 2240000 
                 430000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 141 
                 30 
                 135 
                 29 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient)  
                 141 
                 30 
                 135 
                 29 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.40 
                 0.39 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.059 
                 0.060 
               
               
                   
                 P 
                 0.079 
                 0.056 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 141 
                 135 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 30 
                 29 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 90900 
                 88800 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 15% 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 82700 
                 80900 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 13% 
                 13% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 76300 
                 44000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                   4% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 218000 
                 215000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 23% 
                 24% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 241000 
                 239000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 20% 
                 21% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 314000 
                 332000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 10% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.81 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.75 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.23 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.9 
                 2.4 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 0.37 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.9 
                 3.9 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.5 
                 2.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.83 
                 0.81 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.4 
                 7.2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Angiopoietin-Related Protein 4 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 34.2 
                 47.0 
                 35.0 
                 47.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 63.6 
                 73.3 
                 65.6 
                 75.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 166 
                 66.6 
                 169 
                 67.2 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.77 
                 16.4 
                 2.71 
                 16.4 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1900 
                 339 
                 1900 
                 339 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 141 
                 30 
                 135 
                 29 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 30 
                 135 
                 29 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.65 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.0094 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 141 
                 135 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 30 
                 29 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 35.6 
                 35.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 53% 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 29.1 
                 29.1 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 24.9 
                 22.7 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 35% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 51.8 
                 53.8 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 71.1 
                 71.8 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 30% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 98.7 
                 104 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.6 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.065 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.91 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 23 
                 9.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.1 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.026 
                 0.045 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 30 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.1 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.026 
                 0.045 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 30 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 24.9 
                 27.5 
                 24.5 
                 31.5 
               
               
                 Average 
                 32.9 
                 37.1 
                 32.6 
                 38.1 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 29.0 
                 32.2 
                 29.3 
                 32.3 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.38 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00246 
                 2.76 
                 0.00246 
                 2.76 
               
               
                 Max 
                 198 
                 162 
                 198 
                 162 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 136 
                 29 
                 130 
                 28 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 29 
                 130 
                 28 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.58 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 136 
                 130 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 29 
                 28 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 16.8 
                 17.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 29% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 11.1 
                 11.1 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 12% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 8.21 
                 8.93 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 97% 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 34.0 
                 34.0 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 44.7 
                 44.1 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 34% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 67.0 
                 60.3 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.57 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.71 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.56 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.22 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.45 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.7 
                 4.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Betacellulin 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 3.93 
                 3.11 
                 3.73 
                 3.11 
               
               
                 Average 
                 5.07 
                 5.36 
                 4.89 
                 5.50 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.50 
                 7.04 
                 5.49 
                 7.12 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.80 
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
                 0.00226 
                 0.00274 
               
               
                 Max 
                 52.9 
                 32.2 
                 52.9 
                 32.2 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 137 
                 30 
                 131 
                 29 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 137 
                 30 
                 131 
                 29 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.45 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.059 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.36 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 137 
                 131 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 30 
                 29 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.26 
                 2.26 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 25% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.78 
                 1.78 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00282 
                 0.00282 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 97% 
                 97% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  4% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 5.88 
                 5.83 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 23% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 7.71 
                 7.22 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 10.1 
                 9.07 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.29 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.4 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.1 
                 5.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.3 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.411 
                 0.383 
                 0.406 
                 0.394 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.804 
                 0.981 
                 0.805 
                 1.01 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.80 
                 2.10 
                 2.86 
                 2.13 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.72 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0249 
                 0.000152 
                 0.0249 
               
               
                 Max 
                 32.1 
                 11.3 
                 32.1 
                 11.3 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 136 
                 29 
                 130 
                 28 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 29 
                 130 
                 28 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.84 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 136 
                 130 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 29 
                 28 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.242 
                 0.242 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 75% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.200 
                 0.200 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0796 
                 0.117 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.647 
                 0.589 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 24% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 72% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.806 
                 0.750 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.24 
                 1.20 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.8 
                 6.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.29 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.4 
                 5.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.80 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.8 
                 5.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     While the invention has been described and exemplified in sufficient detail for those skilled in this art to make and use it, various alternatives, modifications, and improvements should be apparent without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The examples provided herein are representative of preferred embodiments, are exemplary, and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention. Modifications therein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art. These modifications are encompassed within the spirit of the invention and are defined by the scope of the claims. 
     It will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art that varying substitutions and modifications may be made to the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. 
     All patents and publications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. All patents and publications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. 
     The invention illustratively described herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element or elements, limitation or limitations which is not specifically disclosed herein. Thus, for example, in each instance herein any of the terms “comprising”, “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of” may be replaced with either of the other two terms. The terms and expressions which have been employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention that in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention claimed. Thus, it should be understood that although the present invention has been specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, modification and variation of the concepts herein disclosed may be resorted to by those skilled in the art, and that such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims. 
     Other embodiments are set forth within the following claims.