Patent Publication Number: US-8533894-B2

Title: Scalp washing device

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a scalp washing device used for washing skin and pores of scalp. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Various types of scalp washing brushes (scalp washing devices) used at the time of washing hair are known. A scalp washing brush described in Patent Literature 1 has a plurality of projections made of resin having an approximately conical shape provided on the brush surface of the base, in which the tips of the projections flexibly bend by coming into contact with scalp, thereby washing skin and pores of the scalp. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     
         
         Patent Literature 1: Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open Publication No. H06-77553 
       
    
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     However, in the related scalp washing brush described above, since the root portions of the projections having an approximately conical shape are deformable to easily bend, hair prevents the tips of the projections from coming into contact with skin and pores of the scalp. As a result, skin oil excreted from the pores is not easily removed and cleansed sufficiently. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a scalp washing device capable of effectively removing skin oil excreted from pores of scalp to surely cleanse skin and pores. 
     Solution to Problem 
     An aspect of the present invention is a scalp washing device comprising: a base; and projections made of elastomer resin and projected from a brush surface of the base, wherein each of the projections includes a root portion on the base having a circular shape in cross-section, a middle portion including a tip surface having a flattened shape in cross-section, and the middle portion has a cross-sectional shape changing from a circular shape to a flattened shape from the middle portion on the root portion to the tip surface. 
     Each of the projections may include a conical tip projection having a tip chamfered to have a curved surface and provided on the tip surface of the middle portion. 
     According to the above-described configuration, since the root portions of the projections are hard to be deformed so as not to easily bend, the respective tip projections of the projections surely come into contact with skin and pores of the scalp even when hair becomes an obstacle at the time of washing. Accordingly, the respective tip projections are deformed to reliably remove skin oil excreted from the pores and surely wash the pores and skin by the tips of the tip projections. 
     The projections may be arranged in plural and parallel at intervals from a center of the brush surface of the base toward a periphery of the base, and a height of the projections at the tip projections located at an outer side of each row of the projections may be higher than a height of the projections at the tip projections located at an inner side of each row of the projections. 
     According to the above-described configuration, all the tips of the tip projections of the respective projections can be pressed surely and easily against the curved skin of the scalp to remove skin oil and cleanse pores effectively. 
     The projections may be projections for washing and the scalp washing device may further comprise projections for scraping off skin oil and projections for massaging alternately arranged between the respective rows of the projections. 
     According to the above-described configuration, the scalp washing device can massage the scalp effectively as well as removing skin oil and cleansing the pores efficiently. 
     The base may include a base body having a handle, and a base plate having through-holes and attached to an opening formed on a bottom of the base body, the projections may be provided on a bottom board sandwiched between the base body and the base plate, the root portions of the projections may be configured to be inserted into the corresponding through-holes of the base plate, and the projections may be projected beyond a lower surface of the base plate. 
     According to the above-described configuration, the number of parts composing the scalp washing device can be reduced to the minimum. Accordingly, the whole structure can be simplified and a reduction in cost can also be achieved. 
     The handle may have a flat portion at a rear end of the handle and be provided to form an eave shape via a pillar portion from one end to a middle of an upper surface of the base body defining a curved convex surface, and the base body may have a flat portion formed at another end of the upper surface. 
     The flat portion at the another end of the upper surface of the base body may be formed directly on the upper surface. 
     The base body may have a projecting portion formed at the another end of the upper surface, and the flat portion at the another end of the upper surface of the base body may be formed on the projecting portion. 
     According to the above-described configuration, an aesthetic appearance of the base body is improved, and the base stands by itself while the respective projections face upward, so that deformation and damage of the projections during the unused state are prevented. 
     The bottom board may be made of elastomer resin, and the projections may be integrally formed on the bottom board. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1(   a ) is a front view showing a scalp washing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG. 1(   b ) is a bottom surface view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of the scalp washing device taken along the line II-II in  FIG. 1(   b ). 
         FIG. 3  is an exploded cross-sectional view of the scalp washing device taken along the line II-II in  FIG. 1(   b ). 
         FIG. 4  is a bottom surface view of a bottom board made of elastomer resin used for the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in  FIG. 4 . 
         FIG. 6(   a ) is a side view of a spatular projection projected from the bottom board, and  FIG. 6(   b ) is a front view of the spatular projection. 
         FIG. 7(   a ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIa-VIIa in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 7(   b ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIb-VIIb in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 7(   c ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIc-VIIc in  FIG. 6(   a ), and  FIG. 7(   d ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIId-VIId in  FIG. 6(   a ). 
         FIG. 8  is a front view of a projection for scraping off skin oil projected from the bottom board. 
         FIG. 9  is a front view of a projection for massaging projected from the bottom board. 
         FIG. 10(   a ) is a front view illustrating a handle of the scalp washing device,  FIG. 10(   b ) is a view illustrating a state in which the scalp washing device stands by itself by using the handle and a tail portion,  FIG. 10(   c ) is a perspective view of the handle, and  FIG. 10(   d ) is a perspective view of the tail portion. 
         FIG. 11  is a front perspective view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 12  is a rear perspective view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 13  is a front view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 14  is a plan view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 15  is a left side view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 16  is a right side view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 17  is a bottom surface view of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 18  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in  FIG. 17 . 
         FIG. 19  is a front perspective view of a base having the handle of the scalp washing device. 
         FIG. 20  is a rear perspective view of the base. 
         FIG. 21  is a front view of the base. 
         FIG. 22  is a plan view of the base. 
         FIG. 23  is a left side view of the base. 
         FIG. 24  is a right side view of the base. 
         FIG. 25  is a bottom surface view of the base. 
         FIG. 26  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXVI-XXVI in  FIG. 25 . 
         FIG. 27  is a front view showing a scalp washing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 28  is a front perspective view of a handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 29  is a rear perspective view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 30  is a front view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 31  is a plan view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 32  is a left side view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 33  is a right side view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 34  is a bottom surface view of the handle of the scalp washing device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 35  is a perspective view of a bottom board of Example 1. 
         FIG. 36  is a perspective view of a bottom board of Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 37  is a perspective view of a bottom board of Comparative Example 2. 
         FIG. 38  is a perspective view of a bottom board of Comparative Example 3. 
         FIG. 39  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a spatular projection (projection for washing) of Example 1. 
         FIG. 40  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a projection for washing of Comparative Example 1 corresponding to the projection for washing of Example 1. 
         FIG. 41  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a projection for washing of Comparative Example 2 corresponding to the projection for washing of Example 1. 
         FIG. 42  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a projection for washing of Comparative Example 3 corresponding to the projection for washing of Example 1. 
         FIG. 43  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a conical projection (projection for scraping off skin oil) of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 44  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a conical projection (projection for massaging) of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 45  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a projection of Comparative Example 2 corresponding to the projection for scraping off skin oil of Example 1. 
         FIG. 46  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the projection of Comparative Example 2 corresponding to the projection for massaging of Example 1. 
         FIG. 47  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of a projection of Comparative Example 3 corresponding to the projection for scraping off skin oil of Example 1. 
         FIG. 48  shows a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the projection of Comparative Example 3 corresponding to the projection for massaging of Example 1. 
         FIG. 49  is a plan view of the bottom board of Example 1. 
         FIG. 50  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of two types of conical projections (projection for scraping off skin oil) having different heights used in Example 1. 
         FIG. 51  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of the conical projections (projection for massaging) used in Example 1. 
         FIG. 52  is a plan view of the bottom board of Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 53  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of two types of conical projections (projection for scraping off skin oil) having different heights used in Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 54  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of the conical projections (projection for massaging) used in Comparative Example 1. 
         FIG. 55  is a plan view of the bottom board of Comparative Example 2. 
         FIG. 56  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of two types of conical projections (projection for scraping off skin oil) having different heights used in Comparative Example 2. 
         FIG. 57  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of the conical projections (projection for massaging) used in Comparative Example 2. 
         FIG. 58  is a plan view of the bottom board of Comparative Example 3. 
         FIG. 59  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of two types of conical projections (projection for scraping off skin oil) having different heights used in Comparative Example 3. 
         FIG. 60  is a plan view of the bottom board showing the arrangement of the conical projections (projection for massaging) used. 
         FIG. 61  is an explanation diagram of each evaluation comparing Example 1 with respective Comparative Examples 1 to 3 shown as a table. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG. 1(   a ) is a front view showing a scalp washing device  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention,  FIG. 1(   b ) is a bottom surface view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 3  is an exploded cross-sectional view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 4  is a bottom surface view of a bottom board  40  made of elastomer resin, for example, used for the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 6(   a ) is a side view of a spatular projection  41  projected from the bottom board  40 ,  FIG. 6(   b ) is a front view of the spatular projection  41 ,  FIG. 7(   a ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIa-VIIa in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 7(   b ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIb-VIIb in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 7(   c ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIIc-VIIc in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 7(   d ) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VIId-VIId in  FIG. 6(   a ),  FIG. 8  is a front view of a projection for scraping off skin oil projected from the bottom board  40 ,  FIG. 9  is a front view of a projection for massaging projected from the bottom board  40 ,  FIG. 10(   a ) is a front view illustrating a handle  22  of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 10(   b ) is a view illustrating a state in which the scalp washing device  10  stands by itself by using a handle  22  and a tail portion  23 ,  FIG. 10(   c ) is a perspective view of the handle  22 , and  FIG. 10(   d ) is a perspective view of the tail portion  23 . 
       FIG. 11  is a front perspective view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 12  is a rear perspective view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 13  is a front view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 14  is a plan view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 15  is a left side view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 16  is a right side view of the scalp washing device  10 ,  FIG. 17  is a bottom surface view of the scalp washing device  10 , and  FIG. 18  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in  FIG. 17 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the scalp washing brush  10  as a scalp washing device includes a brush surface  30   a  having a handle  22  of a base  1  that is provided with plural projections for washing (spatular projections in the present embodiment)  41  made of, for example, elastomer resin and having different shapes, and two types of plural conical projections (projections for scraping off skin oil and projections for massaging)  45  and  46 . At the time of washing and taking care of hair, a user sandwiches a pillar portion  21  of the handle  22  between the fingers, and holds the scalp washing brush  10  touching an upper surface  20   a  of the base  11  opposite to the brush surface  30   a  and covering the upper surface  20   a  with the palm. Then, the user moves the scalp washing brush  10  to brush the hair while pressing the plural spatular projections  41  and the two types of plural conical projections  45  and  46  projected from the brush surface  30   a  against the scalp. Accordingly, a removal of skin oil and cleansing of pores can be performed effectively while an excellent massage effect is obtained in association with the action of a washing agent, a hair care agent or a cosmetic agent applied to the scalp and hair as necessary. In the present embodiment, the pillar portion  21  is eccentrically provided while having a thin wall body when viewed from the side and a wide surface extending from one end (left side in  FIG. 1 ) to the middle of the upper surface  20   a  of the base  11  in a longitudinal direction when viewed from the front. Due to the pillar portion  21  having such a configuration, the user can easily hold the scalp washing brush  10  while sandwiching the pillar portion  21  between the fingers and touching the upper surface  20   a  of the base  11  and covering the upper surface  20   a  with the palm. 
     In the specification of the present invention, the projections for washing (the spatular projections in the present embodiment)  41  and the two types of conical projections (the projections for scraping off skin oil and the projections for massaging)  45  and  46  may be simply referred to as the projections. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the base  11  includes a base body  20  made of synthetic resin or the like having the handle  22 , and a base plate  30  made of synthetic resin or the like attached to an attachment opening (opening)  25  formed on the bottom surface of the base body  20 . A bottom board  40  made of elastomer resin is sandwiched between the base body  20  and the base plate  30 , and provided with the spatular projections  41  and the two types of conical projections  45  and  46  that are integrally formed on and projected from the bottom board  40 . In addition, the base plate  30  is provided with plural through-holes  31 ,  35  and  36  into which root portions  41   b ,  45   b  and  46   b  of the projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are inserted, so that the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are projected out of the bottom surface (the brush surface)  30   a  of the base plate  30 . 
     In the present embodiment, when the base plate  30  is attached to the attachment opening  25  formed on the bottom surface of the base body  20 , the lower surface (the brush surface)  30   a  of the base plate  30  and the interface (circular in cross-section) between the root portion and the middle portion of the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are on the same level. The respective through-holes  31 ,  35  and  36  formed on the brush surface  30   a  have a diameter with approximately 2 mm larger than that of the interface between the root portion and the middle portion of the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3  and  FIG. 10 , the base body  20  has the upper surface  20   a  having a smooth curved convex surface and the attachment opening  25  having an elliptic shape opened at the bottom surface, in which the long axis length of the elliptic planar shape is approximately 80 mm and the short axis length is approximately 60 mm. 
     The upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is provided with the handle  22  integrally formed into a shape of ears (a pair of curved wedges having an approximately T shape in cross-section) of an animal (for example, rabbit) via the pillar portion  21  and projected from one end (the left side in the figure) to the middle of the upper surface  20   a . In addition, the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is provided at the other end (the right side in the figure) with the tail portion  23  integrally formed into a tail shape (for example, a bowl shape, a hemisphere shape) of an animal (for example, rabbit) projected therefrom. In the present embodiment, in order to allow the scalp washing brush  10  to easily stand by itself on a table D (see  FIG. 10(   b )) while keeping the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  facing upward, it is preferable to provide a flat portion  22   a  at the rear end portion of the handle  22  and a flat portion  23   a  at the tail portion  23  of the base body  20 . Due to the respective flat portions  22   a  and  23   a , when making the scalp washing brush  10  stand by itself on the table D while keeping the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  projected from the brush surface  30   a  of the base body  20  facing upward as shown in  FIG. 10(   b ), the flat portion  22   a  at the rear end portion of the handle  22  and the flat portion  23   a  at the tail portion  23  of the base body  20  can stably be in contact with and stand on the table D or the like. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10(   a ), the height from the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  to the rear end portion of the handle  22  is set to a predetermined length (for example, 26.8 mm). In addition, the support portion  21  to support the handle  22  of the base body  20  is set to have a predetermined width (for example, 5 mm). Further, a rear end portion  21   a  of the support portion  21  is inclined at a predetermined angle θ (for example, θ=5°) to the tail portion  23  so that the base between the fingers does not excessively come close to the handle  22 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the attachment opening  25  of the base body  20  has a fixing concave groove  26  formed along the whole inner periphery thereof to be fixed and engaged with the bottom board  40  and the base plate  30  stacked on top of each other. The bottom board  40  is supported by a periphery indented portion  26   a  formed at the upper portion of the fixing concave groove  26  and a support piece  27  hanging from the under surface of the base body  20 . On the other hand, the base plate  30  is fixed to a fixing rim  26   b  formed at the lower portion of the fixing concave groove  26 . Thus, the bottom board  40 , which is made of elastomer resin and provided with the spatular projections  41  and the two types of conical projections  45  and  46  that are integrally formed on and projected from the bottom board  40 , is fixed by being interposed between the periphery indented portion  26   a  and the support piece  27  of the base body  20  and the base plate  30 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the base plate  30  is formed into the same elliptic shape as the attachment opening  25  of the base body  20 . In addition, the base plate  30  is provided with a projected periphery surface  30   b  to be engaged with the fixing concave groove  26  of the base body  20  so that the base plate  30  is integrally fixed to the base body  20 . The lower surface  30   a  of the base plate  30  is a bottom surface of the base  11  composing a brush surface. In the base plate  30 , the through-holes  31 ,  35  and  36  having a circular shape are formed at the positions corresponding to the locations of the spatular projections  41  and the two types of conical projections  45  and  46  described below to allow the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  to pass through. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 to 10 , the spatular projections  41  and the two types of conical projections  45  and  46  are integrally formed on and projected from a bottom surface  40   a  of the bottom board  40  made of elastomer resin. As shown in  FIGS. 4 to 7 , the spatular projections  41  are formed into a circular shape in cross-section at the root portions  41   b  thereof. In addition, the respective spatular projections  41  are integrally formed in such a manner that the configuration from a side of the root portion  41   b  to a side of a middle portion  41   a  (a tip surface  41   c ) changes from a circular shape in cross-section to an elliptic shape in cross-section (a flattened shape in cross-section). In the present embodiment, the configuration from the boundary of the root portion  41   b  and the middle portion  41   a  (the portion taken along the line VIIb-VIIb in  FIG. 6 ) to the tip surface  41   c  of the middle portion  41   a  changes from a circular shape in cross-section to an elliptic shape in cross-section. Note that, an elliptic shape used in the specification of the present invention includes an oval shape consisting of a straight line and a curved line (a shape of a track for athletic sports) in addition to a common elliptic shape consisting only of a curved line. For example,  FIG. 7(   c ) shows an oval shape. The tip surface  41   c  of the middle portion  41   a  having an elliptic shape in cross-section is provided with a pair of tip projections  42  and  42  having approximately a conical shape formed in such a manner that each tip  42   a  is chamfered to have a curved surface. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the spatular projections  41  are integrally formed on and projected from the bottom surface  40   a  of the bottom board  40  in such a manner that the spatular projections  41  are arranged in plural and parallel rows (for example, in three rows of three projections, seven projections and three projections, each projection being aligned at predetermined intervals) from the center of the brush surface  30   a  toward the right and left sides thereof (at the top and bottom sides in  FIG. 4)  (toward the periphery of the base  11 ) in a longitudinal direction of the bottom surface  40   a  of the bottom board  40  (the brush surface  30   a  of the base  11 ). In addition, as shown in  FIGS. 3 and 5 , the height of each tip  42   a  of the tip projections  42  of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the outer side is higher (for example, 21 mm from the brush surface  30   a ) than that of each tip  42   a  of the tip projections  42  of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the inner side (for example, 17 mm from the brush surface  30   a ) in each row. The diameter of the root portion  41   b  of the respective spatular projections  41  shown in  FIG. 7(   a ) is adjusted to, for example, 7.2 mm, and the diameter of the root portion  41   b  shown in  FIG. 7(   b ) is adjusted to, for example, 6.5 mm. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the plural conical projections for scraping off skin oil  45  and the plural conical projections for massaging  46  are alternately arranged between the respective rows of the plural spatular projections  41 . As shown in  FIG. 8 , the conical projection for scraping off skin oil  45  has approximately a conical shape formed in such a manner that a tip  45   a  is chamfered to have a curved surface. As shown in  FIG. 9 , the conical projection for massaging  46  has approximately a conical shape formed in such a manner that a tip  46   a  is chamfered to have a curved surface. The curved surface of the respective tips  45   a  of the conical projections for scraping off skin oil  45  has the same small diameter (for example, 0.6 mm in radius) as the curved surface of the respective tips  42   a  of the tip projections  42  of the spatular projections  41 . The curved surface of the respective tips  46   a  of the conical projections for massaging  46  has a larger diameter (for example, 1.2 mm in radius) than the curved surface of the tips  45   a  of the conical projections for scraping off skin oil  45 . Further, as shown in  FIG. 4 , each tip  45   a  of the respective conical projections for scraping off skin oil  45  and each tip  46   a  of the respective conical projections for massaging  46  are aligned in approximately the same line as each tip  42   a  of the tip portions of the respective spatular projections in a long axis direction X of the middle portions  41   a  having an elliptic shape in cross-section of the spatular projections  41 . 
     The root portion  41   b  of the respective spatular projections  41  is formed to have the same diameter as that of the root portion  45   b  of the respective conical projections for scraping off skin oil  45  and the root portion  46   b  of the respective conical projections for massaging  46 . In the present embodiment, the bottom board  40  and the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are a resin molded article integrally formed and made of elastomer resin. The “elastomer resin” is a general term for resin having rubber-like elasticity. Examples of the elastomer resin include olefinic elastomer, styrene elastomer, polyester elastomer, urethane elastomer, and acrylic elastomer. In the present embodiment, styrene elastomer is used. The styrene elastomer has good transparency. When the scalp washing brush  10  is commercialized, the appearance of the scalp washing brush  10  made of the styrene elastomer is improved, and good cleansing performance and massaging performance for scalp can also be achieved. In order to determine the figure, dimension, and the like of the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46 , prototypes of the scalp washing brush  10  may be made by use of an RP (rapid prototyping) apparatus using three-dimensional CAD data to evaluate a cleansing effect and massaging effect. The RP apparatus is an apparatus employing a photofabrication technology, and is capable of making prototypes in a short period of time if three-dimensional CAD data is used without a metal mold. In such a case, acrylic elastomer for the RP apparatus may be used. The elastomer includes rubber-like resin, and can be effectively used for the performance evaluation of the prototypes of the scalp washing brush  10  of the present invention. 
     As described above, according to the scalp washing brush  10  of the first embodiment, the root portion  41   b  of the respective spatular projections  41  is formed into a circular shape in cross-section, and the configuration from a side of the root portion  41   b  to a side of the middle portion  41   a  (the tip surface  41   c ) changes from a circular shape in cross-section to an elliptic shape in cross-section. In addition, the tip surface  41   c  of the middle portion  41   a  having an elliptic shape in cross-section is provided with the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  having a conical shape formed in such a manner that the tip  42   a  is chamfered to have a curved surface. Therefore, since the root portions  41   b  of the spatular projections  41  are hard to be deformed so as not to easily bend, the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  of the spatular projections  41  surely come into contact with skin and pores of the scalp even when hair becomes an obstacle at the time of washing. Accordingly, the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  are deformed to reliably remove skin oil excreted from the pores by the respective tips  42   a  and surely cleanse the pores and skin. 
     The spatular projections  41  are arranged in plural and parallel rows and aligned at predetermined intervals in each row at the center and at the both sides (toward the periphery) of the brush surface  30   a  of the base  11 . In addition, the tips  42   a  are arranged in a circular arc line in each row in such a manner that the height of the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the outer side is higher than that of the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the inner side in each row. Therefore, all the tips  42   a  of the pairs of tip projections  42  and  42  of the spatular projections  41  can surely and easily be pressed against the curved skin of the scalp to remove skin oil and cleanse pores effectively. 
     In addition, the plural conical projections for scraping off oil skin  45  and the plural conical projections for massaging  46  are alternately arranged between the respective rows of the plural spatular projections  41 . Therefore, the removal of skin oil and cleansing of pores can be performed efficiently, and at the same time, the scalp can also be massaged effectively. 
     The base  11  includes the base body  20  made of synthetic resin and having the handle  22 , and the base plate  30  made of synthetic resin and attached to the attachment opening  25  formed on the bottom surface of the base body  20 . The respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are integrally formed on and projected from the bottom board  40  made of elastomer resin and sandwiched between the base body  20  and the base plate  30 . The base plate  30  is provided with the plural through-holes  31 ,  35  and  36  into which the root portions  41   b ,  45   b  and  46   b  of the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are inserted, and the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are projected out of the bottom surface  30   a  of the base plate  30 . Accordingly, since the number of the parts composing the scalp washing device  10  can be reduced to the minimum, the whole structure can be simplified and a reduction in cost can be achieved. Moreover, since the above-described configuration can prevent water or dust from entering the attachment opening  25 , the scalp washing device  10  can be kept clean. 
     Further, the base body  20  has the upper surface  20   a  having a curved convex surface, and the upper surface  20   a  is provided with the handle  22  integrally formed into a shape of right and left ears of an animal and projected from one end to the middle of the upper surface  20   a  via the plate-like pillar portion  21 . In addition, the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is provided with the tail portion  23  integrally formed into a tail shape of an animal projected from the other end of the upper surface  20   a . The tail portion  23  and the rear end portion of the handle  22  having an ear shape are provided with the flat portions  23   a  and  22   a , respectively. Accordingly, an aesthetic appearance of the base body  20  is improved. In addition, since the flat portions  22   a  and  23   a  function as a support member, the base  11  can stand by itself on the table D or the like while the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  face upward (see  FIG. 10(   b ). Thus, due to the flat portions (the support members)  22   a  and  23   a  provided on the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20 , the brush surface  30   a  can be kept facing upward, so that deformation and damage of the tips  42   a ,  45   a  and  46   a  of the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are prevented. 
       FIG. 19  is a front perspective view of the base having the handle of the scalp washing brush as a scalp washing device,  FIG. 20  is a rear perspective view of the base,  FIG. 21  is a front view of the base,  FIG. 22  is a plan view of the base,  FIG. 23  is a left side view of the base,  FIG. 24  is a right side view of the base,  FIG. 25  is a bottom surface view of the base, and  FIG. 26  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXVI-XXVI in  FIG. 25 . The portions indicated by the solid lines are to be applied for design registration by part design. 
     The base body  20  has the upper surface  20   a  having a curved convex surface, and the upper surface  20   a  is provided with the handle  22  integrally formed into a shape of right and left ears of a rabbit and projected from one end to the middle of the upper surface  20   a  via the pillar portion  21 . In addition, the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is provided with the tail portion  23  integrally formed into a tail shape of a rabbit projected from the other end of the upper surface  20   a . The rear end portion of the handle  22  having an ear shape of a rabbit and the tail portion  23  having a tail shape of a rabbit are provided with the flat portions  22   a  and  23   a , respectively. Accordingly, an aesthetic appearance of the base body  20  is improved. In addition, since the base  11  can stand by itself on the table D or the like while the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  face upward, the usability of the scalp washing brush is greatly improved. Thus, since the scalp washing brush  10  of the present invention can be kept on the table D or the like while the respective projections  41 ,  45  and  46  are kept facing upward, deformation of the respective projections during the unused state is prevented. Moreover, the scalp washing brush can be easily dried after the respective projections are washed with water. 
     Second Embodiment 
       FIG. 27  is a front view showing a scalp washing brush  10 A as a scalp washing device according to a second embodiment of the present invention,  FIG. 28  is a front perspective view of the handle  22  of the scalp washing brush  10 A,  FIG. 29  is a rear perspective view of the handle  22 ,  FIG. 30  is a front view of the handle  22 ,  FIG. 31  is a plan view of the handle  22 ,  FIG. 32  is a left side view of the handle  22 ,  FIG. 33  is a right side view of the handle  22 , and  FIG. 34  is a bottom surface view of the handle  22 . The portions indicated by the solid lines are to be applied for design registration by part design. The dashed lines indicate only the boundaries between the portions to be applied for design registration by part design and the other portions. In  FIGS. 28 and 29 , the grid thin lines shown on the surface indicate the configuration of the three-dimensional surface. 
     In the scalp washing brush  10 A as a scalp washing device of the second embodiment, the base body  20  has the upper surface  20   a  provided with the handle  22  integrally formed into a shape of right and left ears of a rabbit and projected from one end to the middle of the upper surface  20   a  via the pillar portion  21 . However, the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is not provided with the tail portion  23  integrally formed into a tail shape of a rabbit projected from the other end of the upper surface  20   a.    
     Since the handle  22  is formed into a shape of right and left ears of a rabbit, an aesthetic appearance is improved, and a user can hold the handle  22  quite easily. 
     The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and improvements can be possible. 
     For example, the handle  22  is formed into a shape of ears of an animal such as a rabbit in the first and second embodiments. However, the handle  22  is not limited to the shape of ears of an animal, and may be formed into an eave shape extending horizontally to support the fingers holding the pillar portion  21  therebetween. The shape of ears of an animal is one of the eave shapes. In the specification of the present invention, the eave shape is a shape having a flared portion extending from the pillar portion  21  in a horizontal direction (in a thickness direction of the pillar portion) as viewed from the side. The tail portion  23  formed at the other end of the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20  is not limited to a tail shape of an animal, and may be a projection  23  having a convex shape (for example, approximately a hemisphere shape). The tail shape of an animal is one of the convex shapes. In the above-described embodiments, the flat portion  23   a  is formed on the tail portion  23  (the projection  23 ). However, a flat portion may be formed directly on the other end of the upper surface  20   a  of the base body  20 . Further, in the embodiments, the rear end portion of the handle and the tail portion  23  (the projection  23 ) are provided with one flat portion, respectively. However, plural flat portions may be provided on each portion. The flat portions are formed in order that the base  11  can stand by itself on the table D or the like while the projections are kept facing upward. However, the projections are not limited to the projections  41 ,  45  and  46  in the above-described embodiments, and may be formed into any other shape. In addition, although the respective spatular projections  41  are provided with the pair of tip projections  42  and  42  at the tips thereof, more than two tip projections may be provided on the spatular projections  41 . Moreover, the base plate  30  and the attachment opening  25  of the base body  20  are not limited to an elliptic shape, and may be any other circular shape. The diameter of the root portion  41   b  of the respective spatular projections  41  shown in  FIG. 7(   a ) may be the same as the diameter of the root portion  41   b  shown in  FIG. 7(   b ). 
     The components not explained in one embodiment and requirements included only in one embodiment may be applied to the other embodiment, respectively. In addition, the requirements in each embodiment may be replaceable mutually between the embodiments as necessary. 
     Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to examples. 
     Example 1 
     Hair washing was actually carried out by using the scalp washing brush with the following specification under the following conditions to evaluate the scalp washing brush by a sensory evaluation. 
     &lt;Specification of Scalp Washing Brush&gt; 
     1. Bottom Board 
     The bottom board shown in  FIG. 35  was used.  FIG. 35  is a perspective view of the bottom board  40 . The bottom board  40  has the largest long diameter of 80.8 mm, and the largest short diameter of 60.8 mm. Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 are shown in  FIG. 36 ,  FIG. 37  and  FIG. 38 , respectively. 
     The bottom board  40  was manufactured by use of an RP (rapid prototyping) apparatus (EDEN 350V) of Objet Geometries Ltd. (Israel). The bottom board  40  was made of acrylic elastomer (Tango Gray Full Cure 950, a Shore scleroscope hardness rate is 75% (a catalog value) on the evaluation basis of ASTM D-2240). The spatular projections  41  and the two types of conical projections  45  and  46  were integrally formed on and projected from the bottom board  40  and made of the same material as the bottom board  40 . 
     2. Spatular Projections (Projections for Washing) 
     The projection shown in  FIG. 39  was used.  FIG. 39  is a side view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the spatular projection  41  projected from the bottom board  40 . The root portion of this projection (height of 4.5 mm) is formed into a circular shape in cross-section. The configuration from a side of the root portion to a side of the middle portion changes from a circular shape in cross-section to a flattened shape (an oval shape) in cross-section. In this example, the height A of each tip of the tip projections of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the outer side is higher (21 mm from the brush surface) than the height A of each tip of the tip projections of the respective spatular projections  41  located at the inner side (17 mm from the brush surface) in each row in the same manner as  FIGS. 3 and 5 .  FIG. 49  is a plan view of the bottom board  40  of Example 1, and shows the arrangement of the heights A of the lowest projection (MIN in  FIG. 49 ) and the highest projections (MAX in  FIG. 49 ) of the tips of the tip projections of the spatular projections  41  in each row. The heights A of the tips of the tip projections of the other spatular projections  41  employ arbitrary values intermediate between the MIN value (17 mm from the brush surface) and the MAX value (21 mm from the brush surface) so that the respective tips are arranged in a circular arc line. 
     3. Conical Projections (Projections for Scraping Off Skin Oil) 
     The conical projection shown in  FIG. 43  was used.  FIG. 43  is a front view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the projection for scraping off skin oil  45 . The two types of projections having different heights C, 19.7 mm and 17.6 mm, from the brush surface to the tip of each projection were used.  FIG. 50  is a plan view of the bottom board  40 , and shows the arrangement of the two types of projections having different heights. 
     4. Conical Projections (Projections for Massaging) 
     The conical projection shown in  FIG. 44  was used.  FIG. 44  is a front view, a plan view and a cross-sectional view of the projection for massaging  46 . The projections having the height of 18.2 mm from the brush surface to the tip of each projection were used.  FIG. 51  is a plan view of the bottom board  40 , and shows the arrangement of the projections. 
     &lt;Evaluators&gt; 
     5 women in 30s 
     &lt;Used Shampoo&gt; 
     Kao Corporation: ASIENCE Inner Rich Shampoo 
     &lt;Method for Washing Hair&gt; 
     1. Wet the entire hair well with warm water. 
     2. Apply an appropriate amount of the shampoo to the hair and move fingers to make bubbles sufficiently. 
     3. Bring the brush into contact with the scalp, and move the brush finely from side to side to wash the entire scalp. 
     4. Rinse off the shampoo completely with hot water. 
     &lt;Evaluation Method&gt; 
     Evaluation 1: Ease in Using the Scalp Washing Brush 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: easy to move”, and the lowest point as “1 point: hard to move”. 
     Evaluation 2: Level of Projections Reaching Scalp 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: feeling that the projections sufficiently reach the scalp”, and the lowest point as “1 point: feeling that the projections hardly reach the scalp”. 
     Evaluation 3: Washability 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: feeling able to cleanse even pores sufficiently”, and the lowest point as “1 point: feeling not able to cleanse at all”. 
     Evaluation 4: Massage Performance 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: feeling that blood circulation is improved”, and the lowest point as “1 point: feeling no effect of massage”. 
     Evaluation 5: Feeling During Washing Scalp 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: comfortable and favorable”, and the lowest point as “1 point: uncomfortable with a feeling of pain or stiffness because of the projections”. 
     Evaluation 6: Tangle of Hair 
     The evaluation was carried out on a scale of one to ten, defining the highest point as “10 points: no tangle of hair”, and the lowest point as “1 point: too tangled to wash hair”. 
     &lt;Evaluation Result&gt; 
     As shown in  FIG. 61 , the average evaluation of the scalp washing brush  10  used in Example 1 was 9.1 points (on a scale of one to ten). 
     Comparative Example 1 
     The same scalp washing brush as Example 1 was used except for the bottom board in  FIG. 36  and the projection for washing in  FIG. 40 , and the evaluation thereof was carried out. The material of the bottom board, the largest long diameter and the largest short diameter in this example are the same as Example 1. 
     The projection for washing shown in  FIG. 40  was used. The root portion of this projection (height of 4.5 mm) is formed into a circular shape in cross-section. The section between the root portion and the middle portion and the section between the middle portion and the tip portion are formed into a circular shape in cross-section, respectively. Therefore, the projection from the boundary between the root portion and the middle portion to the tip is formed into a conical shape. In this comparative example, the height of each tip of the respective projections for washing located at the outer side is higher (21 mm from the brush surface) than the height of each tip of the respective projections for washing located at the inner side (17 mm from the brush surface) in each row in the same manner as Example 1. The arrangement of the lowest projection MIN and the highest projections MAX in each row is the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIG. 52 ). The heights A of the tips the other projections for washing arbitrarily employ arbitrary values intermediate between the MIN value (17 mm from the brush surface) and the MAX value (21 mm from the brush surface) so that the respective tips are arranged in a circular arc line. The projections for scraping off skin oil and the projections for massaging in this example are the same as those in Example 1 (refer to  FIGS. 43 and 44 ), and the arrangement of the respective projections is also the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIGS. 53 and 54 ). 
     &lt;Evaluation Result&gt; 
     As shown in  FIG. 61 , the average evaluation of the scalp washing brush used in Comparative Example 1 was 6.9 points (on a scale of one to ten). 
     Comparative Example 2 
     The same scalp washing brush as Example 1 was used except for the bottom board in  FIG. 37 , the projection for washing in  FIG. 41 , the projection for scraping off skin oil in  FIG. 45  and the projection for massaging in  FIG. 46 , and the evaluation thereof was carried out. The material of the bottom board, the largest long diameter and the longest short diameter in this example are the same as Example 1. 
     The projection for washing shown in  FIG. 41  was used. The root portion of this projection (height of 4.5 mm) is formed into a square shape in cross-section. The configuration from a side of the root portion to a side of the middle portion changes from a square shape in cross-section to a flattened shape (an oval shape) in cross-section. In this comparative example, the height of each tip of the tip projections of the respective projections for washing located at the outer side is higher (21 mm from the brush surface) than the height of each tip of the tip projections of the respective projections for washing located at the inner side (17 mm from the brush surface) in each row in the same manner as Example 1. The arrangement of the lowest projection and the highest projections in each row is the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIG. 55 ). The projections for scraping off skin oil used in this example were formed into a square pyramid shape in such a manner that the tips of the projections were chamfered to have a curved surface as shown in  FIG. 45  (the two types of projections having different heights C, 19.7 mm and 17.6 mm, from the brush surface to the tip of each projection were used as in the case of Example 1). The projections for massaging used in this example were formed into a square pyramid shape in such a manner that the tips of the projections were chamfered to have a curved surface as shown in  FIG. 46 . The arrangement of the respective projections is also the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIGS. 56 and 57 ). 
     &lt;Evaluation Result&gt; 
     As shown in  FIG. 61 , the average evaluation of the scalp washing brush used in Comparative Example 2 was 4.3 points (on a scale of one to ten). 
     Comparative Example 3 
     The same scalp washing brush as Example 1 was used except for the bottom board in  FIG. 38 , the projection for washing in  FIG. 42 , the projection for scraping off skin oil in  FIG. 47  and the projection for massaging in  FIG. 48 , and the evaluation thereof was carried out. The material of the bottom board, the largest long diameter and the largest short diameter in this example are the same as Example 1. 
     The projection for washing shown in  FIG. 42  was used. The root portion of this projection (height of 4.5 mm) is formed into a regular hexagonal shape in cross-section. The configuration from a side of the root portion to a side of the middle portion changes from a regular hexagonal shape in cross-section to a flattened shape (an oval shape) in cross-section. In this comparative example, the height of each tip of the tip projections of the respective projections for washing located at the outer side is higher (21 mm from the brush surface) than the height of each tip of the tip projections of the respective projections for washing located at the inner side (17 mm from the brush surface) in each row in the same manner as Example 1. The arrangement of the lowest projection and the highest projections in each row is the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIG. 58 ). The projections for scraping off skin oil used in this example were formed into a six-sided pyramid shape in such a manner that the tips of the projections were chamfered to have a curved surface as shown in  FIG. 47  (the two types of projections having different heights C, 19.7 mm and 17.6 mm, from the brush surface to the tip of each projection were used). The projections for massaging used in this example were formed into a six-sided pyramid shape in such a manner that the tips of the projections were chamfered to have a curved surface as shown in  FIG. 48 . The arrangement of the respective projections is also the same as Example 1 (refer to  FIGS. 59 and 60 ). 
     &lt;Evaluation Result&gt; 
     As shown in  FIG. 61 , the average evaluation of the scalp washing brush used in Comparative Example 3 was 6.5 points (on a scale of one to ten). 
     As shown in  FIG. 61 , the scalp washing brush  10  employing the projections for washing  41  in Example 1 in which the configuration from a side of the root portion to a side of the middle portion of each projection changes from a circular shape in cross-section to a flattened shape (an oval shape) in cross-section resulted in the highest evaluation.