Patent Publication Number: US-2017370255-A1

Title: Tank device of an oil circuit of an aircraft engine with an appliance for introducing oil

Description:
This application claims priority to German Patent Application DE102016111838.9 filed Jun. 28, 2016, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein. 
     The invention relates to a tank device of an oil circuit of an aircraft engine for stocking oil, having an interior space that is delimited by a wall and at least one appliance for introducing oil into the interior space according to the kind as it is defined in the generic term of patent claim  1 . 
     Aircraft engines have an oil circuit, the oil of which is used in particular for lubricating and cooling rotor bearings and gear wheels as well as bearings of the gears of the aircraft engine. Pertaining to the oil circuit are in particular a tank device, a pressure pump, oil recirculation pumps, filter, an oil cooler, and a ventilation system. Inside the oil circuit, the oil is conveyed by means of the pressure pump from the tank device and via supply or pressure oil lines as well as a pressure filter to those areas of the engine that are to be impinged by oil. Further, the oil of the oil circuit is pumped in particular via multiple oil recirculation pumps from the respective areas of the engine via a filter appliance and an oil cooler back to the tank device. During operation of the aircraft engine, the oil loading of an air-oil mixture that is created during operation of an aircraft engine is reduced by means of the ventilation system in particular in the area of bearing chambers, and the cleaned air is discharged into the environment, while the oil that is separated from the air-oil mixture remains inside the oil circuit. 
     In DE 10 2014 113 128 A1, a tank device of an oil circuit for stocking and storing oil is described in more detail. Here, a wall of the tank device delimits an interior space of the tank device. Via an inlet appliance, an air-oil volume flow or so-called oily exhaust air is supplied to the tank device. Oil is separated from the air-oil volume flow by means of an oil separator, wherein the air-oil volume flow having a lower oil loading is subsequently supplied to a conduit. The air-oil volume flow that is conducted inside the conduit is impinged by oil by means of an oil nozzle in order to achieve a further reduction of the oil loading of the air-oil volume flow. 
     Overall, the tank device has to be designed with a view to a maximal amount of oil that is required during operation of an aircraft engine, an additional amount of oil that cannot be used by the oil circuit, as well as a required expansion space which has to be provided for security reasons in order to prevent an inadmissible overpressure inside the tank device, with no oil being stored inside that expansion space. For weight reasons, efforts are being made to embody the tank device with dimensions that are as small as possible, and also with small wall thicknesses. Because at the same time the tank device has to meet high requirements with respect to fire resistance, the wall areas of the tank device that are subject to high thermal influences during operation and at the same time are not being sufficiently cooled have to be designed with a wall thickness that increases the structural component weight to an undesired extent. Among other components, an upper area of the tank device—as viewed in the installation position of the tank device—that is not impinged by the oil that is stored inside the tank device across substantial operational ranges of an aircraft engine may represent such a wall area. Insufficient cooling of further wall areas of the tank device may, among other things, also occur as a result of the fact that during operation of the aircraft engine an oil volume in the tank device is reduced with respect to an oil volume that corresponds to the maximum filling level, and that the wall areas that are located above it can release thermal energy into the oil volume stored inside the tank device only to a limited degree. For this reason, all wall areas of the tank device that are located above the minimal filling level as it occurs during operation are designed with a greater wall thickness, whereby the structural component weight of the tank device is disadvantageously increased. 
     It is the objective of the present invention to create a tank device of the kind as it has been described more closely above, which is characterized by a sufficient fire resistance as well as a low weight. 
     According to the invention, this objective is achieved through a tank device with the features of patent claim  1 . 
     The tank device of an oil circuit of an aircraft engine for stocking oil in an interior space which is delimited by a wall according to the invention is embodied with at least one appliance for introducing oil into the interior space. According to the invention, the area of the wall that is located above a minimal filling level, as it occurs during operation of an aircraft engine, can be impinged by oil by means of the appliance for introducing oil. 
     By embodying the tank device according to the invention with an active cooling, a sufficient temperature control of all wall areas of the tank device can be realized with little effort, also in the event that a low oil level occurs in the tank device during operation of the aircraft engine. 
     Consequently, the tank device according to the invention can be embodied with smaller wall thicknesses while having at least an equally high fire resistance, so that it has a lower weight as compared to the tank devices that are known from the state of the art, which are usually made of aluminum and in which a desirably high fire resistance is achieved by a corresponding design of the wall thickness of the tank device. In this manner, the tank device according to the invention, which may be made of aluminum and/or composite materials, can be manufactured in a more cost-effective manner, and an aircraft engine can be operated with lower fuel consumption. 
     What is understood here by the minimal filling level that occurs during operation of an aircraft engine is the minimal filling level as it [occurs] during normal operation of the aircraft engine, i. e. when a positive weight force that is dominated by the earth&#39;s gravity is acting on the oil. 
     In an advantageous variant of the tank device according to the invention, at least 80% of a surface area of a wall area of the wall that is facing towards the interior space can be directly impinged with oil by means of the appliance for introducing oil, wherein the wall area forms an upper limitation of the interior space in the vertical direction in the mounting condition of the tank device. 
     In this way, it is achieved in a constructionally simple manner that an oil film is present on the upper wall area due to the oil that is introduced by the appliance directly onto the upper wall area during operation, with the oil film flowing, due to the gravitational force, downwards along a lateral wall area which is located respectively above the currently present oil filling level, and in the direction of the oil that is stored inside the tank device. In addition, during operation of the aircraft engine, there are also oil drops present in the interior space of the tank device which are created as a result of the oil introduced by the appliance being partially deflected off the upper wall area. Turbulences and vortices distribute these oil drops in the interior space, with the oil drops being at least partially separated at the oil film in the area of the wall of the tank device. 
     The surface area of the wall area of the wall that is to be impinged with oil by at least 80% and that is facing towards the interior space corresponds to a parallel projection of the surface of the upper wall area that is to be impinged with oil by the appliance in the vertical direction of the tank device in the installation position, and in the present case is, by definition, is equal to the cross-sectional surface of the tank device at the height of a maximum filling level of the tank device. 
     The surface area that is to be impinged with oil by the appliance preferably comprises a central area of the upper limitation, which generally comprises a highest point or highest area of the tank device in the vertical direction in the installation position of the tank device. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of a tank device according to the invention, the appliance has means for forming an oil spray cone, in particular a nozzle. By directly and/or indirectly impinging the upper wall area with oil drops of the oil spray cone, an oil film is formed on a surface area of the upper wall area that is facing towards the interior space of the tank device, or the oil drops of the oil spray cone merge with an already present oil film that flows down along the lateral walls in the direction of an oil reservoir of the tank device due to the gravitational force, and thus also sprinkles the lateral walls with oil. By a suitable selection of an oil drop size of the oil spray cone and of a pressure with which the oil is directed by the appliance on the upper wall area, the merging of the oil drops with the oil film that is present on the upper wall area can be supported. In addition, depending on the selection of the size of the oil drops and of the selected pressure, it can be achieved that a part of the oil that is directed at the upper wall area is deflected off of the wall area, wherein further wall areas can be sprinkled with oil by the deflected oil drops. 
     The means or the nozzle of the appliance is preferably embodied so as to form a spray cone that has an opening angle of less than 180°, wherein the opening angle that is chosen for the respective application case can be selected depending on a position of the appliance as well as on a distance of the appliance from the upper wall area, so that in particular at least 80% of the surface area of the upper wall area can be impinged by oil. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of a tank device according to the invention, the appliance for introducing oil can have means for forming a jet of oil, wherein the upper wall area can be impinged with oil directly and/or indirectly by means of the jet of oil. Here, a central axis of the means, which comprises an outlet opening of the appliance, can have an acute angle of for example up to 30° with respect to the cross-sectional surface of the maximum filling level, so that the oil that exits the appliance substantially in parallel to the central axis of the outlet opening forms an oil film at the wall area or merges with an oil film at the wall area for the most part directly, i. e. without being deflected off of the upper wall area. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of a tank device according to the invention, a deflection appliance is provided, wherein the appliance is embodied so as to direct oil onto the deflection appliance during operation. By providing the deflection appliance, onto which a jet of oil or an oil spray cone can be directed by the appliance, a position of the appliance in the interior space of the tank device can be flexibly selected while it can still be ensured that the upper wall area is impinged by oil to a desirable extent. The oil that impinges from the appliance onto the deflection appliance is deflected and/or redirected by the deflection appliance, wherein, depending on the arrangement of the deflection appliance and the appliance for introducing oil with respect to each other as well as on the design of the deflection appliance, the surface area of the upper wall area that is impinged by oil can be adjusted in a constructionally simple manner. 
     In a constructionally simple embodiment of the tank device according to the invention, the deflection appliance has at least one deflection element that is spoon-shaped and/or conical at least in certain areas. Through the spoon-shaped and/or conical embodiment of the deflection element, the oil that is directed by the appliance onto the deflection element in the form of an oil spray cone or a jet of oil can be deflected onto the upper wall area of the tank device in a simple manner, wherein an oil spray cone or a conical oil film or a curtain-like oil cone that is directed onto an upper wall area can be obtained through the deflection in the area of the deflection element. 
     In an advantageous further development of a tank device according to the invention, the deflection appliance has a first deflection element that is embodied with an opening that is arranged in a central area, and at least one second deflection element, wherein the appliance is embodied so as to directly impinge the second deflection element with oil through the opening of the first deflection element. In particular, the appliance can form a jet of oil with a preferably circular cross section, which for example has a diameter that is twice as large as the opening of the first deflection element. Through a suitable embodiment of the deflection elements, for example with differing opening angles, a desired impingement of the upper wall area by oil can be ensured in a simple manner. 
     For distributing the oil directed by the appliance onto the wall area in particular across the upper wall area, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that at least one deflection appliance for deflecting the oil that is directed by the appliance towards the upper wall area during operation is arranged in the area of the upper wall area. Here, the deflection appliance, which may for example be embodied in a conical manner, is connected to the upper wall area in particular in the impingement area of the oil that is either deflected or directly impinges on the wall area, and has an angle with respect to the upper wall area of the tank device that can be chosen freely depending on the application case, so that an oil film is either formed or maintained on the upper wall area due to the deflection of the oil that impinges on the deflection appliance during operation of the aircraft engine. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of a tank device according to the invention, an outlet appliance that determines a maximum oil filling level height of the tank device is provided, wherein an outlet area of the appliance, that may for example be embodied in a nozzle-like manner, is arranged in the vertical direction above the outlet appliance in the installation position of the tank device. In this way, it is ensured in a simple manner that the appliance for introducing oil can impinge the wall area with oil to a desired extent in any operating state at all possible filling levels of the oil inside the tank device. 
     In an embodiment of the tank device that can be adjusted in a simple manner to the respectively available installation space, a central axis of an outlet area of the appliance has an angle between 0° and 180° with respect to a reference axis that is arranged vertically in the installation position of the tank device or with respect to a vertical direction. By means of the appliance, the wall area that forms the upper limitation can thus be directly impinged by oil in a simple manner in the direction of the reference axis from straight below as well as from the side with an angle with respect to the reference axis. In addition, the outlet area of the appliance can also be arranged in the area of the upper wall area, wherein oil can be introduced through the outlet area substantially in the direction of the reference axis downwards onto the deflection appliance. However, generally the central axis of the outlet area can be oriented in any angle with respect to the reference axis if a deflection appliance is correspondingly arranged and embodied. 
     An outlet area of the appliance can be arranged in the area of the outlet appliance in a central area of the tank device as well as in an edge area of the tank device with respect to a cross-sectional surface of the tank device, so that the arrangement of the appliance can be adjusted in a simple manner to the given installation space conditions. 
     In order to achieve a desired impingement of the surface area of the upper wall area with oil in a simple manner, in an advantageous embodiment of the tank device according to the invention, multiple appliances for introducing oil into the interior space of the tank device can be provided, which can respectively be embodied in the manner described more closely above. It can also be provided that the appliances are embodied in such a manner that they are embodied so as to jointly ensure the impingement of in particular at least 80% of the surface area of the upper wall area with oil. 
    
    
     
       Other advantages and advantageous embodiments of the tank device according to the invention follow from the patent claims and the exemplary embodiments that are described in principle in the following by referring to the drawings, wherein, with a view to clarity, in the description of the different exemplary embodiments identical reference signs are used for structural components having the same structure or functionality. 
       Herein: 
         FIG. 1 a    shows a strongly schematized longitudinal section view of an aircraft engine with an ancillary unit gearing appliance which is arranged inside the fan housing and in the area of which a tank device of an oil circuit is arranged; 
         FIG. 1 b    shows a rendering corresponding to  FIG. 1  a of an aircraft engine with an ancillary unit gearing appliance that is mounted in the area of the engine core having a tank device of an oil circuit; 
         FIG. 2  shows a simplified sectional rendering of the tank device according to  FIG. 1 a    and  FIG. 1 b    in isolation, wherein an appliance for introducing oil is arranged in an interior space of the tank device; 
         FIG. 3  shows a strongly simplified sectional rendering of the tank device according to  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  shows a strongly simplified top view onto an upper limitation of the tank device from the perspective of the interior space of the tank device; 
         FIG. 5  shows a section of the tank device according to  FIG. 3  with an alternative embodiment of an appliance for introducing oil; 
         FIG. 6  shows a section of the tank device according to  FIG. 3  with a further design of an appliance for introducing oil by means of which a jet of oil can be directed onto a deflection appliance into the interior space of the tank device; 
         FIG. 7  shows a section of the tank device according to  FIG. 3 , with an alternatively embodied deflection appliance; 
         FIG. 8  shows a section of the tank device according to  FIG. 3 , with a further alternatively embodied deflection appliance; and 
         FIG. 9  shows a simplified sectional rendering of the deflection appliance according to  FIG. 8  in isolation. 
     
    
    
     An aircraft engine or jet engine  1  are respectively shown in  FIG. 1 a    and  FIG. 1 b    in a longitudinal section view. The aircraft engine  1  is embodied with a bypass channel  2  and an inlet area  3 , wherein a fan  4  connects downstream to the inlet area  3  in a per se known manner. Downstream of the fan  4 , the fluid flow inside the aircraft engine  1  is in turn divided into a bypass flow and a core flow, wherein the bypass flow flows through the bypass channel  2  and the core flow flows into an engine core  5 , which is again embodied in a per se known manner with a compressor appliance  6 , a burner  7 , and a turbine appliance  8 . In the present case, the turbine appliance  8  has three rotor devices  9 ,  10  and  11 , which are embodied in a substantially comparable design and are connected to an engine shaft  12 . 
     In the embodiment of the aircraft engine  1  according to  FIG. 1   a,  an ancillary unit gearing appliance  13  is arranged in an outer engine housing  14  that delimits the bypass channel  2  and represents the outer circumferential area of the jet engine  1 . In the present case, the ancillary unit gearing appliance  13  is connected to the engine shaft  12  through a drive shaft  15  that extends in the radial direction of the jet engine  1  via an inner gear  16 A, and is thus driven or supplied with a torsional moment by the engine shaft  12  during operation of the jet engine  1 . The ancillary unit gearing appliance  13  supplies different ancillary units  16  as well as an oil separator  17 , which is also referred to as a breather, with a torsional moment to a desired extent. In the area of the ancillary unit gearing appliance  13 , also a tank device  18  of an oil circuit  20  of the aircraft engine  1  is additionally provided, representing a hydraulic fluid reservoir from which oil for cooling and lubricating different areas of the aircraft engine  1 —such as bearing appliances, gear wheel pairs of the inner gear  16 A and the ancillary unit gearing appliance  13 , as well as further assembly groups of the aircraft engine  1  that are to be cooled and lubricated—is extracted. 
     In contrast to that, in the embodiment of the aircraft engine  1  according to  FIG. 1   b,  the ancillary unit gearing appliance  13  with the ancillary units  16 , the oil separator  17  and the tank device  18  is arranged in the radial direction between the bypass channel  2  and the engine core  5  inside a structural component  19  that delimits the bypass channel  2  and the engine core  5 . 
     A preferred exemplary embodiment of the tank device  18  according to the invention is shown in  FIG. 2 , wherein the tank device  18  is embodied with an inlet appliance  30 . During operation of the aircraft engine  1 , an air-oil mixture is created in areas impinged with oil, for example in bearing appliances, in the area of gear wheel pairs of the inner gear  16 A and the ancillary unit gearing appliance  13 , which can be supplied to the tank device  18  via the inlet appliance  30  as an air-oil volume flow. The air-oil volume flow is supplied to a separation appliance  32 , which in the present case is embodied as a cyclone, within a wall  43  that delimits an interior space  31  of the tank device  18 . At that, the cyclone  32  has a wall area  33  that in the present case is substantially cylindrical, and through which the cyclone  32  is separated from an expansion space  34  of the tank device  18  at least in certain areas. The expansion space  34  is located above a current oil level  24  in the tank device  18 , wherein a maximum filling level or oil level of the tank device  18  is determined by a schematically shown outlet appliance  22  and is indicated more clearly by the line  21 .  FIG. 2  also shows a minimal filling level  23  as it occurs during operation of the aircraft engine  1 . 
     The air-oil volume flow is introduced into the cyclone  32  eccentrically and tangentially with respect to the wall area  33  in an upper area of the cyclone  32 , as it is positioned in the mounting condition of the tank device  18 . From the inlet appliance  30 , the air-oil volume flow flows downwards in the area of the cyclone  32  in a spiraling manner corresponding to the arrows  35  along the wall area  33  of the cyclone. Due to the centrifugal force that is acting in the course of this process, particularly large and heavy oil drops of the air-oil volume flow are separated at the wall area  33  of the cyclone  32 , forming an oil film there. Due to the gravitational force, the oil film is drained downwards along the wall area  33  and flows through an outlet opening  36  of the cyclone  32  in the direction of the arrows  45  into an oil reservoir of the tank device  18 . 
     Due to the dynamic conditions as they are present in the area of the cyclone  32 , an air-oil volume flow rises inside the cyclone  32  in the area of a central axis of the cyclone  32  in the direction of the arrows  35 B. Being carried along in this air-oil volume flow are particularly small oil drops that have not been separated in the area of the cyclone  32 , as well as oil drops of different sizes passing from the air-oil volume flow that flows downwards in a spiral-like manner inside the cyclone  32 . In the present case, the air-oil volume flow that rises in the direction of the arrows  35 B inside the cyclone  32  is supplied to a conduit area  38 , which is delimited by a wall  37  and in the present case is embodied in a cylindrical manner, in an upper area that is located approximately at the height of the inlet appliance  30 . On a side of the conduit area  38  that is facing away from an inlet opening  39  of the conduit area  38 , the latter adjoins a valve appliance, which in the present case is embodied as a spring-preloaded pressure limiting valve  41 , in the area of an outlet appliance  40  of the tank device  18 , wherein downstream of the pressure limiting valve  41  a volume flow is supplied to a conduit  42 , via which the volume flow that is discharged from the tank device  18  can be supplied to another separation appliance or can be discharged into an environment, as necessary. 
     What is further provided is an appliance  46  for introducing oil into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18 . The appliance  46 , which is shown in  FIG. 2  only in a strongly simplified manner, has an outlet area that is embodied as a nozzle  47 , wherein, in the present case, a central axis  44  of the appliance  46  in the outlet area  47  is aligned substantially in the vertical direction in the shown installation position of the tank device  18 , i. e. in parallel to a central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , just like all lateral wall areas  48 ,  49  of the tank device  18  which is embodied with a substantially circular cross section here. In addition, the central axis  44  of the appliance  46  is congruent with the central axis  50  that represents a reference axis extending in the vertical direction, i. e. it is arranged centrally depending on the chosen cross section of the tank device  18 . 
     The nozzle  47  of the appliance  46  represents a means for introducing an oil spray mist in the form of an oil spray cone  51  that is shown in a schematized manner in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 , wherein the oil spray cone  51  is characterized by an opening angle  52  that is larger than 90° in the present case. In the tank device  18 , which is depicted in a strongly schematized manner in  FIG. 3 , it is shown that the oil spray mist of the appliance  46  is directed towards an upper wall area  53  of the tank device  18  which represents an upper limitation of the tank device  18 . 
     By means of the oil that is discharged from the appliance  46  through the nozzle-like outlet area  47 , a surface area  55  of the upper wall area  53 , which is shown in more detail in  FIG. 4 , can substantially be directly impinged with oil in its entirety in the present case, with the oil drops of the appliance  46  merging with an oil film that forms during operation on the upper wall area  53 . In the present case, the surface area  55  comprises approximately 80% of a total surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53 . 
     In the present case, the entire surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53  is equal with respect to its size to the cross-sectional surface  60  of the tank device  18  that extends perpendicular to the central axis  50  at the height of the outlet appliance  22  which defines the maximum filling level height. The surface area  56  is in turn defined by a parallel projection of the surface of the upper wall area  53  to be impinged with oil by means of the appliance  46  in the vertical direction of the tank device  18  in the installation position. 
     The surface areas  55  and  56 , which in the present case are approximately circular, are shown in more detail in  FIG. 4 , wherein in the present case the surface area  56  completely surrounds the surface area  55 . In the present case, the surface area  55  is calculated as the tangent of half the opening angle  52  of the oil spray cone  51  multiplied by the squared distance  57  of the outlet area  47  from the upper wall area  53  multiplied by Pi. The opening angle  52  of the oil spray cone  51  is selected in particular depending on the distance  57  of the outlet area  47  from the upper wall area  53 , so that in the present case at least 80% of the surface area  56  is directly impinged by oil. 
     In order to ensure that the appliance  46  is fully operative in all operational states of the aircraft engine  1  when a positive weight force is acting on it, the outlet area  47  of the appliance  46  is arranged above the cross-sectional surface  60  that defines the maximum filling level height, and has a distance  61  of more than zero with respect to the cross-sectional surface  60 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , in the present case, the appliance  46  is fixedly connected to the lateral wall area  48  of the tank device  18  and has a conduit area  58  that extends starting from the lateral wall area  48  in the direction of the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , and that represents an oil supply line and in the present case is oriented so as to be substantially perpendicular to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 . In the area of the central axis  50 , a further conduit area  59  connects to the conduit area  58 , and is arranged in a substantially concentric manner with respect to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , wherein, in the present case, the central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  is substantially congruent with the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , i. e. an angle between the central axis  50  of the tank device and the central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  equals zero. 
     Through the oil that is sprayed by the appliance  46  in the direction of the upper wall area  53 , an oil film forms during operation of the aircraft engine  1  in the area of the surface area  55 , which—due to the gravitational force as well as the fluid dynamics, among other factors—is distributed in particular in the area of the entire surface area  56  and flows downwards in the direction of the oil that is stored inside the tank device  18  via the lateral wall areas  48 ,  49 , so that, by means of the appliance  46 , that area of the wall  43  of the tank device  18  that is arranged above the current filling level  24  that occurs during operation of the aircraft engine  1  and lies between the minimal filling level  23  and the maximum filling level  21  in the vertical direction can be impinged by oil. In addition, where required also those wall areas of the expansion space  34  that are not directly impinged with oil by the appliance  46  are likewise sprinkled with oil through oil drops that are deflected as they impact the upper wall area  53 , so that in particular all wall areas of the expansion space  34  are covered with an oil film during operation. 
     By impinging the walls  48 ,  49 ,  53  of the tank device  18  with oil during operation of the aircraft engine, these walls  48 ,  49 ,  53  are cooled, so that the tank device  18  is rendered sufficiently fire-resistant in this manner. Accordingly, in the present case, a tank device  18  that is embodied with an aluminum wall  43  can be embodied with advantageously small wall thicknesses, and thus advantageously has only a low weight. 
     In the following, further exemplary embodiments with alternatively embodied appliances for introducing oil into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18  are described in more detail with respect to their arrangement in the interior space  31  and their functionality, wherein general reference is made to the above description so as to avoid redundancies. 
       FIG. 5  shows an appliance  62  for spraying in oil, with its outlet area, which is embodied as a nozzle  47  in this case, being arranged in an area that is positioned in the proximity of a lateral wall area  48  of the tank device  18 . At that, the central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  is inclined with respect to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18  or with respect to a vertical axis as it is present in an installation position of the tank device  18  by an angle  63  of presently approximately 60°. By means of the appliance  62 , an oil spray cone  51  can be introduced into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18  with an opening angle  52  of in presently approximately 60°, wherein in particular at least 80% of the surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53  can be directly impinged with oil by means of the sprayed-in oil. Thus, by means of the appliance  62 , in addition to a part of the surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53 , also a part of a lateral wall area  49  of the tank device  18  that is arranged opposite the lateral wall area  48  at which the appliance  62  is arranged can be directly impinged by oil. That area of the tank device  18  which is not directly impinged by oil in the course of this process is also cooled to a satisfactory extend thanks to the cooling effect of the oil in the impact area. 
     A further exemplary embodiment of an appliance  70  for introducing oil into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18  is shown in  FIG. 6 . Here, the appliance  70  is arranged in an area of the upper wall area  53  that is central with respect to the central axis  50 , wherein a central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  of the appliance  70  is arranged in parallel and in particular so as to be congruent with the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 . Here, an angle between the central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  and the central axis  50  of the tank device  50  is 180°. At that, the appliance  70  is embodied for the purpose of introducing a jet of oil  72  of a defined diameter  73  into the interior space  31 , wherein the jet of oil  72  can be introduced in the direction of a lower wall area  74  downwards into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18  in the direction of a deflection appliance  71 . 
     In the present case, the deflection appliance  71  that is arranged above the maximum filling level  21  of the tank device  18  in the vertical direction is embodied with a spoon-shaped deflection element  75  or impact element, wherein an edge area  77  of the deflection element  75  is characterized by having an opening angle  76 . During operation of the appliance  70 , the jet of oil  72  hits the deflection appliance  71  in particular centrally, and is deflected by the deflection element  75  of the deflection appliance  71 . At that, the oil that is deflected in the area of the deflection element  75  forms a particularly conical oil film downstream of the deflection element  75 , with the oil film being characterized by an angle  52  that substantially corresponds to the opening angle  76 . In the present case, at least 80% of the surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53  is impinged by oil during operation of the aircraft engine  1  through the oil that is deflected by means of the deflection element  75 . 
     In contrast to the embodiments according to  FIG. 2  to  FIG. 5 , the upper wall area  53  of the tank device  18  is impinged by oil indirectly by means of the appliance  70 . 
       FIG. 7  shows a further embodiment of an appliance  80  for introducing a jet of oil  72  into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18 , which substantially corresponds to the appliance  70 . Again, a jet of oil  72  can be directed in the direction of the central axis  50  of the tank device  18  downwards onto a deflection appliance  81  by means of the appliance  80 . In contrast to the deflection element  75  of the deflection appliance  71 , the deflection appliance  81  has a deflection element  82 , with its edge area  83  enclosing an angle  84  that is smaller than the angle  76  of the deflection appliance  71 , and in the present case is approximately 20° to 30°, for example. Here, a surface area  85  of the upper wall area  53  that is covered by the oil directly impinging on the upper wall area  53  is approximately 20% of the surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53 , for example. 
     In the present case, a deflection appliance  86  is arranged at the upper wall area  53  in those areas where the oil, which here is deflected by the deflection appliance  81  in a conical manner, impinges on the upper wall area  53 . In the shown exemplary embodiment, the deflection appliance  86  is arranged so as to be substantially rotationally symmetrical to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , wherein the deflection appliance  86  is embodied in a sheet-metal-like manner, as can be seen in more detail in the cross section according to  FIG. 7 . The sheet-metal-like section of the deflection appliance  86 , which is flat in the cross section, has an angle  87  with respect to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18  or with respect to a vertical line which may lie between 30° and 50°, for example. At that, the angle  87  is chosen in such a manner that the oil impinging on the deflection appliance  86  is distributed by the deflection appliance  86  to a desired extent across the surface area  56  of the upper wall area  53  which is facing towards the interior space  31 . For the purpose of guiding the oil that is deflected in the area of the deflection appliance  86 , grooves or notches may be provided in the area of the upper wall area  53 , which in particular guide the oil radially outwards with respect to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 . 
     Here, the embodiment according to  FIG. 7  is characterized by a high cooling performance in connection with a comparatively high oil requirement. 
     In the embodiment according to  FIG. 7A , a sufficient impingement of the surface area  56  with oil can optionally also be achieved without the deflection appliance  86  if the oil that is directed by the deflection appliance  81  onto the upper wall area  53  is deflected off of the same and a sufficiently large area of the surface area  56  is impinged with oil by the deflected oil during operation of the aircraft engine  1 . 
     A further embodiment of an appliance  90  for introducing a jet of oil  72  into the interior space  31  of the tank device  18  can be seen in  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 , wherein the appliance  90  substantially corresponds to appliance  70  or appliance  80 . Again, a deflection appliance  91  is provided, which in the present case is embodied with two deflection elements  92 ,  93 , wherein a first deflection element  92  is arranged closer to the outlet area  47  of the appliance  90  than a second deflection element  93 . The deflection elements  92 ,  93  are embodied so as to be substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to a jet of oil  72  that is formed during operation of the appliance  90  or with respect to the central axis  50  of the tank device  18 , and in the present case are connected to each other by means of a tubular section  94 . The first deflection element  92  has a circular recess  95  in a central area, the diameter  99  of which is of the same size as the internal diameter of the tubular section  94  in the present case, corresponding to half a diameter  100  of the jet of oil  72  that is formed during operation of the appliance  90 . 
     Thus, during operation of the appliance  90 , a portion of the jet of oil  72  that is central with respect to the central axis  44  of the outlet area  47  of the appliance  90  is guided through the recess  94  of the first deflection element  92  in the direction of the second deflection element  93 , and is redirected or deflected by the deflection element  93  in the manner described above so that oil is directed onto the upper wall area  53  in a conical manner with an opening angle  96  of 90°, for example. To avoid that the oil that is deflected in the area of the second deflection element  93  is obstructed by the tubular section  94  in an undesirable manner, the tubular section  94  has at least one throughflow passage  96  for the oil in an area adjacent to the second deflection element  93 . That portion of the jet of oil  72  that impinges onto the first deflection element  92  is deflected by the first deflection element  92  in such a manner that the oil is deflected again in a curtain-like manner onto the upper wall area  53  with an opening angle  98  that is smaller than the opening angle  96 . 
     In that area in which the oil that is deflected by the first deflection element  92  impinges on the upper wall area  53 , a deflection appliance can be arranged that is comparable to the deflection appliance  86 . Alternatively or additionally, a deflection appliance comparable to the deflection appliance  86  can also be provided in that area in which the oil deflected via the second deflection element  93  impinges onto the upper wall area  53 . 
     Parts List 
     
         
           1  aircraft engine, jet engine 
           2  bypass channel 
           3  inlet area 
           4  fan 
           5  engine core 
           6  compressor appliance 
           7  burner 
           8  turbine appliance 
           9 ,  10 ,  11  rotor device 
           12  engine shaft 
           13  ancillary unit gearing appliance 
           14  engine housing 
           15  drive shaft 
           16  ancillary units 
           16 A inner gear 
           17  oil separator 
           18  tank device 
           20  oil circuit 
           21  line; maximum filling level 
           22  outlet appliance 
           23  minimal filling level 
           30  inlet appliance 
           31  interior space of the tank device 
           32  separation appliance, cyclone 
           33  wall area of the separation appliance 
           34  expansion space of the tank device 
           35 ,  35 B arrow 
           36  outlet opening of the cyclone 
           37  wall of the conduit area 
           38  conduit area 
           39  inlet opening of the conduit area 
           40  outlet appliance of the tank device 
           41  valve appliance, pressure limiting valve 
           42  conduit 
           43  wall of the tank device 
           44  central axis of the outlet area 
           45  arrows 
           46  appliance for introducing oil 
           47  means; outlet area of the appliance 
           48 ,  49  lateral wall area of the tank device 
           50  central axis of the tank device 
           51  oil spray cone 
           52  opening angle 
           53  upper wall area of the tank device 
           55  surface area 
           56  surface area 
           57  distance 
           58  conduit area 
           59  further conduit area 
           60  cross-sectional surface 
           61  distance 
           62  appliance for introducing oil 
           63  angle 
           70  appliance for introducing oil 
           71  deflection appliance 
           72  jet of oil 
           73  diameter of the jet of oil 
           74  lower wall area of the tank device 
           75  deflection element 
           76  angle 
           77  edge area of the deflection element 
           80  appliance for introducing oil 
           81  deflection appliance 
           82  deflection element 
           83  edge area of the deflection element 
           84  angle 
           86  deflection appliance 
           87  angle 
           90  appliance for introducing oil 
           91  deflection appliance 
           92  first deflection element 
           93  second deflection element 
           94  tubular section 
           95  recess 
           96  opening angle 
           97  throughflow passage 
           98  opening angle 
           99  diameter of the recess 
           100  diameter of the jet of oil