Patent Publication Number: US-2023165050-A1

Title: Display device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application claims priority to and benefits of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0162594 under 35 U.S.C. § 119, filed on Nov. 23, 2021, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     One or more embodiments relate to a display device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     A display device visually displays data. A display device may be used as a display in a small-sized product such as a mobile phone, or a display in a large-sized product such as a television. 
     A display device may include pixels that emit light by receiving electrical signals in order to externally display images. Each of the pixels may include a display element. For example, an organic light-emitting display device may include an organic light-emitting diode as a display element. In general, in the organic light-emitting display device, thin film transistors and organic light-emitting diodes may be disposed on a substrate and the organic light-emitting diodes emit light by themselves. 
     Recently, usage of a display device has increased, and various design attempts for improving quality of a display device have been tried. 
     It is to be understood that this background of the technology section is, in part, intended to provide useful background for understanding the technology. However, this background of the technology section may also include ideas, concepts, or recognitions that were not part of what was known or appreciated by those skilled in the pertinent art prior to a corresponding effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. 
     SUMMARY 
     One or more embodiments include a display device having an expanded display area to display an image even in an area in which a component, which is an electronic element, is arranged. However, this objective is an example and the scope of the disclosure is not limited thereby. 
     Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the disclosure. 
     According to one or more embodiments, a display device may include: a substrate including a first auxiliary area; and a second auxiliary area, wherein the first auxiliary area may include first pixel areas disposed in a matrix and first transmission areas disposed between the first pixel areas, and the second auxiliary area may include second pixel areas disposed in a matrix and second transmission areas disposed between the second pixel areas; first conductive patterns respectively disposed on the first pixel areas; and second conductive patterns respectively disposed on the second pixel areas, wherein a number of first conductive patterns per unit area is greater than a number of second conductive patterns per unit area. 
     A size of each of the first conductive patterns may be less than a size of each of the second conductive patterns. 
     A first separation distance between first conductive patterns adjacent to each other in a row direction or a column direction from among the first conductive patterns may be less than a second separation distance between second conductive patterns adjacent to each other in the row direction or the column direction from among the second conductive patterns. 
     A size of each of the first transmission areas may be less than a size of each of the second transmission areas. 
     The display device may further include first auxiliary pixels respectively disposed on the first conductive patterns; and second auxiliary pixels respectively disposed on the second conductive patterns. 
     Each of the first auxiliary pixels may include first auxiliary sub-pixels, and each of the second auxiliary pixels may include second auxiliary sub-pixels, and a number of first auxiliary sub-pixels in each of the first auxiliary pixels may be different from a number of second auxiliary sub-pixels in each of the second auxiliary pixels. 
     The number of first auxiliary sub-pixels in each of the first auxiliary pixels may be less than the number of second auxiliary sub-pixels in each of the second auxiliary pixels. 
     A main area surrounding at least portions of the first auxiliary area and the second auxiliary area may be defined on the substrate, wherein the resolution of the main area may be higher than the resolution of the first auxiliary area and the resolution of the second auxiliary area, and the resolution of the first auxiliary area may be higher than the resolution of the second auxiliary area. 
     The display device may further include first connection patterns electrically connecting first conductive patterns adjacent to each other in a row direction from among the first conductive patterns; second connection patterns electrically connecting first conductive patterns adjacent to each other in a column direction from among the first conductive patterns; third connection patterns electrically connecting second conductive patterns adjacent to each other in the row direction from among the second conductive patterns; and fourth connection patterns electrically connecting second conductive patterns adjacent to each other in the column direction from among the second conductive patterns. 
     The display device may further include a transistor disposed on the substrate, the transistor including a semiconductor layer and a gate electrode at least partially overlapping the semiconductor layer in a plan view, wherein the first conductive patterns and the second conductive patterns may be disposed between the substrate and the semiconductor layer. 
     The display device may further include a first component disposed below the first auxiliary area that receives light in a first wavelength band; and a second component disposed below the second auxiliary area that receives light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band. 
     The first wavelength band may be a visible ray wavelength band, and the second wavelength band may be an infrared wavelength band. 
     According to one or more embodiments, a display device may include a substrate including a first auxiliary area; a second auxiliary area; and a main area, wherein the first auxiliary area may include a first transmission area, the second auxiliary area may include a second transmission area, and the main area surrounds at least portions of the first auxiliary area and the second auxiliary area; main display elements disposed on the main area and emitting light of a first color; first auxiliary display elements disposed on the first auxiliary area and emitting light of the first color; and second auxiliary display elements disposed on the second auxiliary area and emitting light of the first color, wherein a number of main display elements per unit area is greater than a number of first auxiliary display elements per unit area and a number of second auxiliary display elements per unit area, and the number of first auxiliary display elements per unit area is less than the number of second auxiliary display elements per unit area. 
     An emission area of each of the main display elements may be less than an emission area of each of the first auxiliary display elements and an emission area of each of the second auxiliary display elements, and the emission area of each of the first auxiliary display elements may be different from the emission area of each of the second auxiliary display elements. 
     The emission area of each of the first auxiliary display elements may be greater than the emission area of each of the second auxiliary display elements. 
     The display device may further include main pixel circuits electrically connected to the main display elements, respectively; first auxiliary pixel circuits electrically connected to the first auxiliary display elements, respectively; and second auxiliary pixel circuits electrically connected to the second auxiliary display elements, respectively, the main display elements may at least partially overlap the main pixel circuits in a plan view, the first auxiliary display elements may be spaced apart from the first auxiliary pixel circuits, and the second auxiliary display elements may be spaced apart from the second auxiliary pixel circuits. 
     A first length of each of the first auxiliary pixel circuits in a direction may be greater than a second length of each of the second auxiliary pixel circuits in the direction. 
     The display device may further include first connection lines respectively electrically connecting the first auxiliary display elements to the first auxiliary pixel circuits and at least partially overlapping the first auxiliary area in the plan view; and second connection lines respectively electrically connecting the second auxiliary display elements to the second auxiliary pixel circuits and at least partially overlapping the second auxiliary area in the plan view, wherein the first connection lines and the second connection lines may include a transparent conductive oxide. 
     The display device may further include a first component disposed below the first auxiliary area that receives light in a first wavelength band; and a second component disposed below the second auxiliary area that receives light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band. 
     The first wavelength band may be a visible ray wavelength band, and the second wavelength band may be an infrared wavelength band. 
     Other aspects, features, and advantages than the above-described aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent from a detailed description, the claims, and the drawings. 
     The general and specific aspects may be embodied using a system, a method, a computer program, or a combination of a system, a method, and a computer program. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of the disclosure will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  2 A  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a portion of the display device of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  2 B  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another portion of the display device of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  3    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a first auxiliary area in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  4    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a second auxiliary area in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  5    is a graph for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to a comparative example; 
         FIG.  6    is a diagram for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to a comparative example; 
         FIG.  7    is a diagram for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to a comparative example; 
         FIG.  8    is a graph for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  9    is a diagram for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  10    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a main area in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  11    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the first auxiliary area in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  12    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the second auxiliary area in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the main area, taken along line I-I′ in  FIG.  10   ; 
         FIG.  14    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the first auxiliary area, taken along line II-IP in  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  15    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the second auxiliary area, taken along line in  FIG.  12   ; 
         FIG.  16    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  17    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  18    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  19    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  20    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  21    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  22    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  23    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   ; 
         FIG.  24    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  25    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  26    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  27    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  28    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  29    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  30    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  29   ; 
         FIG.  31    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  29   ; 
         FIG.  32    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  33    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  34    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  35    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  36    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  37    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  38    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG.  39    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device according to an embodiment; 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, embodiments are described below, by referring to the figures, to explain aspects of the description. 
     As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms “and” and “or” may be used in the conjunctive or disjunctive sense and may be understood to be equivalent to “and/or.” Throughout the disclosure, the expression “at least one of a, b or c” indicates only a, only b, only c, both a and b, both a and c, both b and c, all of a, b, and c, or variations thereof. 
     Because the disclosure may have diverse modified embodiments, embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and are described in the detailed description. An effect and a characteristic of the disclosure, and a method of accomplishing these will be apparent when referring to embodiments described with reference to the drawings. The disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. 
     One or more embodiments of the disclosure will be described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those components that are the same or are in correspondence with each other are rendered the same reference numeral regardless of the figure number, and redundant explanations may be omitted. 
     While such terms as “first,” “second,” etc., may be used to describe various components, such components are not be limited to the above terms. The above terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, “a first element” may be referred to as “a second element”, and similarly, “a second element” may be referred to as “a first element” without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     The spatially relative terms such as “below”, “beneath”, “lower”, “above”, “upper”, or the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe the relations between one element or component and another element or component as illustrated in the drawings. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, in the case where a device illustrated in the drawing is turned over, the device positioned “below” or “beneath” another device may be placed “above” another device. Accordingly, the illustrative term “below” may include both the lower and upper positions. The device may also be oriented in other directions and thus the spatially relative terms may be interpreted differently depending on the orientations. 
     The terms “overlap” or “overlapped” mean that a first object may be above or below or at a side of a second object, and vice versa. Additionally, the term “overlap” may include layer, stack, face or facing, extending over, covering, or partly covering or any other suitable term as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     When an element is described as ‘not overlapping’ or ‘to not overlap’ another element, this may include that the elements are spaced apart from each other, offset from each other, or set aside from each other or any other suitable term as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     The terms “face” and “facing” mean that a first element may directly or indirectly oppose a second element. In a case in which a third element intervenes between the first and second element, the first and second element may be understood as being indirectly opposed to one another, although still facing each other. 
     The phrase “in a plan view” means viewing the object from the top, and the phrase “in a schematic cross-sectional view” means viewing a cross-section of which the object is vertically cut from the side. 
     An expression used in the singular encompasses the expression of the plural, unless it has a clearly different meaning in the context. For example, as used herein, the singular forms, “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Herein, for the sake of concision, the expression of “each of elements (or components, patterns, areas, pixels, circuits, etc.)” is equivalent to “each of a plurality of elements (or components, patterns, areas, pixels, circuits, etc.)”, wherein the elements (or components, patterns, areas, pixels, circuits, etc.) are provided in plural. 
     In the specification, it is to be understood that the terms “including,” “having,” “comprising” and variations thereof are intended to indicate the existence of the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to preclude the possibility that one or more other features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof may exist or may be added. 
     It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component is referred to as being “formed on,” another layer, region, or component, it may be directly or indirectly formed on the other layer, region, or component. For example, intervening layers, regions, or components may be present. 
     Sizes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for convenience of explanation. In other words, because sizes and thicknesses of components in the drawings may be arbitrarily illustrated for convenience of explanation, the following embodiments are not limited thereto. 
     When an embodiment may be implemented differently, a specific process order may be performed differently from the described order. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially at the same time or performed in an order opposite to the described order. 
     In the specification, the phrase “A and/or B” denotes A, B, or A and B. The phrase “at least one of A and B” denotes A, B, or A and B. 
     In the embodiments below, when layers, areas, or elements or the like are referred to as being “connected,” it will be understood that they may be directly connected or an intervening portion or portions may be present between layers, areas or elements. For example, when layers, areas, or elements or the like are referred to as being “electrically connected,” they may be directly electrically connected, or layers, areas or elements may be indirectly electrically connected and an intervening portion or portions may be present. 
     It will be understood that the terms “connected to” or “coupled to” may include a physical or electrical connection or coupling. 
     The x-axis, the y-axis and the z-axis are not limited to three axes of the rectangular coordinate system, and may be interpreted in a broader sense. For example, the x-axis, the y-axis, and the z-axis may be perpendicular to one another, or may represent different directions that are not perpendicular to one another. 
     “About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” may mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 10%, 5% of the stated value. 
     Unless otherwise defined or implied herein, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. 
       FIG.  1    is a schematic plan view illustrating a display device  1  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , the display device  1  may include a display area DA and a peripheral area PA outside the display area DA. The display area DA may include a first auxiliary area AA 1 , a second auxiliary area AA 2 , and a main area MA at least partially surrounding the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The first auxiliary area AA 1 , the second auxiliary area AA 2 , and the main area MA may display an image individually or together. The first auxiliary area AA 1  may include a first transmission area TA 1  and a first pixel area PXA 1 , and the second auxiliary area AA 2  may include a second transmission area TA 2  and a second pixel area PXA 2 . The peripheral area PA may be a type of non-display area in which display elements are not arranged. The display area DA may be entirely surrounded by or may be adjacent to the peripheral area PA. 
     The display device  1  may provide an image by using pixels PX arranged (or disposed) in the display area DA. The display device  1  may provide an image by using main pixels PXm arranged in the main area MA, first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1  of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , and second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2  of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . Each of the main pixels PXm, the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1 , and the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may include a display element. Each of the main pixels PXm, the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1 , and the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may include a display element such as an organic light-emitting diode. Each pixel PX may emit, for example, red, green, blue, or white light from the organic light-emitting diode. Each pixel PX may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, each pixel PX may include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel. 
     As described below with reference to  FIG.  2 A , in the first auxiliary area AA 1 , a first component  20   a  that is an electronic element may be disposed under (or below) a display panel  10  to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1 . The first component  20   a  may be a camera that uses infrared or visible rays, and may include an image pickup device. As another example, the first component  20   a  may be a solar cell, a flash, an illuminance sensor, a proximity sensor, or an iris sensor. As another example, the first component  20   a  may have a function of receiving sound. For example, the first component  20   a  may be an infrared camera, a flood illuminator, a front camera, a dot projector, or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. In order to reduce the limitation of the function of the first component  20   a,  the first auxiliary area AA 1  may include a first transmission area TA 1  through which light and/or sound may pass, the light and/or sound being output from the first component  20   a  to the outside or travelling from the outside toward the first component  20   a.    
     Although descriptions above are of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , the descriptions may also apply to the second auxiliary area AA 2 . As described below with reference to  FIG.  2 B , in the second auxiliary area AA 2 , a second component  20   b  that is an electronic element may be disposed under the display panel  10  to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The second component  20   b  may be a camera that uses infrared or visible ray, and may include an image pickup device. As another example, the second component  20   b  may be a solar cell, a flash, an illuminance sensor, a proximity sensor, or an iris sensor. As another example, the second component  20   b  may have a function of receiving sound. For example, the second component  20   b  may be an infrared camera, a flood illuminator, a front camera, a dot projector, a laser diode for a time of flight (TOF) camera, or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. In order to reduce the limitation of the function of the second component  20   b,  the second auxiliary area AA 2  may include a second transmission area TA 2  through which light and/or sound may pass, the light and/or sound being output from the second component  20   b  to the outside or travelling from the outside toward the second component  20   b.    
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 ,  2 A and  2 B , in an embodiment, there may be first transmission areas TA 1  and second transmission areas TA 2 , and the number of first transmission areas TA 1  per unit area may be different from the number of second transmission areas TA 2  per unit area. 
     In an embodiment, the size of the first transmission area TA 1  may be different from the size of the second transmission area TA 2 . 
     In an embodiment, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from the light transmittance of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . For example, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be lower than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The first component  20   a  and the second component  20   b  may receive light of different wavelength bands, respectively. For example, the first component  20   a  may receive light in an infrared wavelength band, and the second component  20   b  may receive light in a visible ray wavelength band. Because light in the infrared wavelength band has higher transmittance than that of light in the visible ray wavelength band, the function of the first component  20   a  may not be limited even though the first component  20   a  is arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  having a relatively low light transmittance. 
     The first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may be arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1 . The first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may emit light to provide an image. An image displayed in the first auxiliary area AA 1  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. The first auxiliary area AA 1  may include the first transmission area TA 1  through which light and/or sound may pass, and in case that pixels PX are not arranged in the first transmission area TA 1 , the number of first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  that may be arranged per unit area may be less than the number of main pixels PXm arranged per unit area in the main area MA. 
     Although descriptions above are of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , the descriptions may also apply to the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may be arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may emit light to provide an image. An image displayed in the second auxiliary area AA 2  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. The second auxiliary area AA 2  may include the second transmission area TA 2  through which light and/or sound may pass, and in case that pixels PX are not arranged in the second transmission area TA 2 , the number of second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  that may be arranged per unit area may be less than the number of main pixels PXm arranged per unit area in the main area MA. 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . In other words, the number of first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  per unit area may be different from the number of second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  per unit area. For example, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be higher than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The first component  20   a  and the second component  20   b  may receive light of different wavelength bands, respectively. For example, the first component  20   a  may receive light in a visible ray wavelength band, and the second component  20   b  may receive light in an infrared wavelength band. Because light in the visible ray wavelength band is not readily diffracted compared to light in the infrared wavelength band, the function of the first component  20   a  may not be limited even though the first component  20   a  is arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  having a relatively high resolution. This will be described in more detail with reference to  FIGS.  5  to  9   . 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an example in which one first auxiliary area AA 1  and one second auxiliary area AA 2  are located (or disposed) within the main area MA. However, in an embodiment, the display device  1  may include three or more auxiliary areas. The resolutions and light transmittances of the auxiliary areas may be different from each other. 
     Also, although  FIG.  1    illustrates an example in which the shape and size of the first auxiliary area AA 1  are the same as those of the second auxiliary area AA 2 , the shape and size of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , in an embodiment may be different from those of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . In case that viewed from a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the display device  1 , each of the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2  may have various shapes, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape (for example, a quadrangular shape), a star shape, or a diamond shape. It is to be understood that the shapes disclosed herein may also include shapes substantial to the shapes disclosed herein. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an example in which the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2  are arranged at the upper right side of the main area MA having a substantially rectangular shape in case that viewed from a direction substantially perpendicular to the upper surface of the display device  1 . However, in an embodiment, the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be arranged at the upper center (+y direction) of the main area MA having a rectangular shape. The first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be arranged at one side or a side of the main area MA having a rectangular shape, for example, at the upper left side of the main area MA. As an embodiment, the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be arranged at the center of one side or a side of the main area MA having a rectangular shape. 
       FIG.  2 A  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a portion of the display device  1  of  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  2 A , the display device  1  may include a display panel  10  and a first component  20   a  overlapping the display panel  10 . A cover window (not shown) protecting the display panel  10  may be further disposed on the display panel  10 . 
     The display panel  10  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1  that overlaps the first component  20   a,  and a main area MA in which a main image is displayed. The display panel  10  may include a substrate  100 , a first conductive pattern  130   a  on the substrate  100 , a display layer DISL on the first conductive pattern  130   a,  and a protection member PB disposed under the substrate  100 . Because the display panel  10  may include the substrate  100 , it may be understood that the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the main area MA are defined in the substrate  100 . 
     The display layer DISL may include a circuit layer PCL including a transistor TFT, a display element layer EDL including an organic light-emitting diode OLED as a display element, and a sealing member ENCM such as an encapsulation substrate. Insulating layer IL′ may be arranged between the substrate  100  and the display layer DISL and Insulating layer IL may be arranged in the display layer DISL. 
     The substrate  100  may include an insulating material such as glass, quartz, or polymer resin. The substrate  100  may be a rigid substrate or a flexible substrate that may be bent, folded, or rolled. 
     The display panel  10  may provide an image by using pixels PX (refer to  FIG.  1   ). A main pixel PXm among the pixels PX may be arranged in the main area MA, and a first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  among the pixels PX may be arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1 . Each of the main pixel PXm and the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  may include at least one transistor TFT and at least one organic light-emitting diode OLED electrically connected to the at least one transistor TFT. In other words, each of the main pixel PXm and the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  may be implemented through at least one transistor TFT and at least one organic light-emitting diode OLED. An area in which the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  is arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be referred to as a first pixel area PXA 1  (refer to  FIG.  1   ). 
     Also, a first transmission area TA 1 , in which a display element is not arranged, may be arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1 . The first transmission area TA 1  may be an area through which light or signals emitted from the first component  20   a  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1  or light or signals incident to the first component  20   a  is transmitted. The first pixel area PXA 1  may be alternately arranged with the first transmission area TA 1  in the first auxiliary area AA 1 . 
     The first conductive pattern  130   a  may be arranged between the substrate  100  and the display layer DISL, for example, between the substrate  100  and the transistor TFT or between the substrate  100  and the insulating layers IL and IL′. The first conductive pattern  130   a  may have at least one opening  130   a OP through which light emitted from the first component  20   a  or directed to the first component  20   a  may pass. The opening  130   a OP of the first conductive pattern  130   a  may overlap the first transmission area TA 1  and may allow movement of light directed to the first component  20   a  or emitted from the first component  20   a.  A metal material portion (or a metal portion) of the first conductive pattern  130   a  may prevent light from diffracting through a narrow gap between transistors TFT arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  or a narrow gap between wiring lines connected to each of the transistors TFT. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  2 A , the first conductive pattern  130   a  may be electrically connected to the transistor TFT. For example, the first conductive pattern  130   a  may be connected to a gate electrode, a source electrode, or a drain electrode of the transistor TFT. The first conductive pattern  130   a  may have the same voltage level as the gate electrode, the source electrode, or the drain electrode of the transistor TFT. In case that the first conductive pattern  130   a  has a given voltage level, performance degradation of the transistor TFT may be prevented or reduced. 
     The insulating layers IL′ arranged between the substrate  100  and the display layer DISL and the insulating layers IL arranged in the display layer DISL may have at least one opening IL_OP and at least one opening IL′_OP, respectively. Light emitted from the first component  20   a  or directed to the first component  20   a  may pass through each of the opening IL_OP of the insulating layer IL and the opening IL′_OP of the insulating layer IL′. The opening IL_OP of the insulating layer IL and the opening IL′_OP of the insulating layer IL′ may overlap the first transmission area TA 1  and may allow movement of light directed to the first component  20   a  or emitted from the first component  20   a.    
     The display element layer EDL may be covered or overlapped by the sealing member ENCM. The sealing member ENCM may include an encapsulation substrate or a thin-film encapsulation layer. 
     In an embodiment, the sealing member ENCM may include an encapsulation substrate. The encapsulation substrate may be arranged to face the substrate  100  with the display element layer EDL therebetween. A gap may be between the encapsulation substrate and the display element layer EDL. The encapsulation substrate may include glass. A sealant including frit or the like may be arranged between the substrate  100  and the encapsulation substrate, and the sealant may be arranged in the peripheral area PA described above with reference to  FIG.  1   . The sealant arranged in the peripheral area PA may surround the display area DA (refer to  FIG.  1   ) and prevent moisture from penetrating through the side surface of the display device  1 . 
     In an embodiment, the sealing member ENCM may include a thin-film encapsulation layer. The thin-film encapsulation layer may include at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and at least one organic encapsulation layer. For example, the thin-film encapsulation layer may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, a second inorganic encapsulation layer, and an organic encapsulation layer therebetween. 
     The protection member PB may be attached to a lower portion of the substrate  100  to support and protect the substrate  100 . The protection member PB may have an opening PB_OP corresponding to the first auxiliary area AA 1 . As the protection member PB has the opening PB_OP, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be improved. The protection member PB may include polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyimide (PI). 
     The area of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be greater than an area in which the first component  20   a  is arranged. Accordingly, the area of the opening PB_OP provided in the protection member PB may not match the area of the first auxiliary area AA 1 . 
       FIG.  2 B  is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating another portion of the display device  1  of  FIG.  1   . In  FIG.  2 B , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  2 A  refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2 B , the display device  1  may include a display panel  10  and a second component  20   b  overlapping the display panel  10 . The display panel  10  may include a second auxiliary area AA 2  that is an area overlapping the second component  20   b.  Because the display panel  10  may include the substrate  100 , it may be understood that the second auxiliary area AA 2  is defined in the substrate  100 . 
     The display panel  10  may provide an image by using pixels PX (refer to  FIG.  1   ). A second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  among the pixels PX may be arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  may include at least one transistor TFT and at least one organic light-emitting diode OLED electrically connected to the at least one transistor TFT. In other words, the second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  may be implemented through at least one transistor TFT and at least one organic light-emitting diode OLED. An area in which the second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  is arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be referred to as a second pixel area PXA 2  (refer to  FIG.  1   ). 
     Also, a second transmission area TA 2 , in which a display element is not arranged, may be arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The second transmission area TA 2  may be an area through which light or signals emitted from the second component  20   b  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2  or light or signals incident to the second component  20   b  is transmitted. The second pixel area PXA 2  may be alternately arranged with the second transmission area TA 2  in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . 
     A second conductive pattern  130   b  may be arranged between the substrate  100  and the display layer DISL, for example, between the substrate  100  and the transistor TFT or between the substrate  100  and the insulating layers IL and IL′. The second conductive pattern  130   b  may have at least one opening  130   b OP through which light emitted from the second component  20   b  or directed to the second component  20   b  may pass. The opening  130   b OP of the second conductive pattern  130   b  may overlap the second transmission area TA 2  and may allow movement of light directed to the second component  20   b  or emitted from the second component  20   b.  A metal material portion (or a metal portion) of the second conductive pattern  130   b  may prevent light from diffracting through a narrow gap between transistors TFT arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2  or a narrow gap between wiring lines connected to each of the transistors TFT. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  2 B , the second conductive pattern  130   b  may be electrically connected to the transistor TFT. For example, the second conductive pattern  130   b  may be connected to a gate electrode, a source electrode, or a drain electrode of the transistor TFT. The second conductive pattern  130   b  may have the same voltage level as the gate electrode, the source electrode, or the drain electrode of the transistor TFT. In case that the second conductive pattern  130   b  has a given voltage level, performance degradation of the transistor TFT may be prevented or reduced. 
     The insulating layers IL′ arranged between the substrate  100  and the display layer DISL and the insulating layers IL arranged in the display layer DISL may have at least one opening IL_OP and at least one opening IL′_OP, respectively. Light emitted from the second component  20   b  or directed to the second component  20   b  may pass through each of the opening IL_OP of the insulating layer IL and the opening IL′_OP of the insulating layer IL′. The opening IL_OP of the insulating layer IL and the opening IL′_OP of the insulating layer IL′ may overlap the second transmission area TA 2  and may allow movement of light directed to the second component  20   b  or emitted from the second component  20   b.    
     A protection member PB may include an opening PB_OP corresponding to the second auxiliary area AA 2 . As the protection member PB has the opening PB_OP, the light transmittance of the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be improved. The area of the second auxiliary area AA 2  may be greater than an area in which the second component  20   b  is arranged. Accordingly, the area of the opening PB_OP provided in the protection member PB may not match the area of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . 
       FIG.  3    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the first auxiliary area AA 1  in  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , the first auxiliary area AA 1  may include first pixel areas PXA 1  and first transmission areas TA 1 . 
     The first pixel areas PXA 1  may be arranged in a matrix. The first pixel areas PXA 1  may be arranged in a first direction (or a row direction) (for example, a ±x direction) and a second direction (or a column direction) (for example, a ±y direction). First conductive patterns  130   a  may be respectively disposed in the first pixel areas PXA 1 . 
     Although the shape of each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  is illustrated as a rounded rectangle in  FIG.  3   , as an embodiment, each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  may have various shapes, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, other polygonal shapes, or an irregular shape. 
     First auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may be respectively disposed on the first conductive patterns  130   a.  The first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may be protected from light passing through the first auxiliary area AA 1  through the first conductive patterns  130   a.  Each of the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, each of the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel. 
     Among the first conductive patterns  130   a,  first conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) may be connected to each other through first connection patterns  131   a.  Among the first conductive patterns  130   a,  first conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) may be connected to each other through second connection patterns  132   a.  The first conductive patterns  130   a,  the first connection patterns  131   a,  and the second connection patterns  132   a  may be arranged on a same layer and may be integral with each other. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  3   , wiring lines that transmit electrical signals to the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may be arranged on the first connection patterns  131   a  and the second connection patterns  132   a.  The electrical signals may include a data voltage (or a data signal), a scan signal, a light emission control signal, a driving voltage, an initialization voltage, and the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The wiring lines may be protected from light passing through the first auxiliary area AA 1  through the first connection patterns  131   a  and the second connection patterns  132   a.    
     The first transmission areas TA 1  may be apart from each other, and may be two-dimensionally arranged in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) and the second direction (for example, the ±y direction). The first transmission areas TA 1  may be arranged between the first pixel areas PXA 1 . For example, each of the first transmission areas TA 1  may be arranged between two adjacent first pixel areas PXA 1  in the x direction, the y direction, or a direction oblique to the x direction and the y direction. 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an example in which the first transmission area TA 1  substantially has a cross shape. However, in an embodiment, the first transmission area TA 1  may have various shapes, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape (for example, a quadrangular shape), or an irregular shape. 
       FIG.  4    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the second auxiliary area AA 2  in  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   , the second auxiliary area AA 2  may include second pixel areas PXA 2  and second transmission areas TA 2 . 
     The second pixel areas PXA 2  may be arranged in a matrix. The second pixel areas PXA 2  may be arranged in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) and the second direction (for example, the ±y direction). Second conductive patterns  130   b  may be respectively disposed on the second pixel areas PXA 2 . 
     Although the shape of each of the second conductive patterns  130   b  is illustrated as a rounded rectangle in  FIG.  4   , as an embodiment, each of the second conductive patterns  130   b  may have various shapes, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, other polygonal shapes, or an irregular shape. 
     Second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may be respectively disposed on the second conductive patterns  130   b.  The second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may be protected from light passing through the second auxiliary area AA 2  through the second conductive patterns  130   b.  Each of the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, each of the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may include at least one red sub-pixel, at least one green sub-pixel, and at least one blue sub-pixel. 
     Among the second conductive patterns  130   b,  second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) may be connected to each other through third connection patterns  131   b.  Among the second conductive patterns  130   b , second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) may be connected to each other through fourth connection patterns  132   b.  The second conductive patterns  130   b,  the third connection patterns  131   b,  and the fourth connection patterns  132   b  may be arranged on a same layer and may be integral with each other. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  4   , wiring lines that transmit electrical signals to the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may be arranged on the third connection patterns  131   b  and the fourth connection patterns  132   b.  The electrical signals may include a data voltage (or a data signal), a scan signal, a light emission control signal, a driving voltage, an initialization voltage, and the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The wiring lines may be protected from light passing through the second auxiliary area AA 2  through the third connection patterns  131   b  and the fourth connection patterns  132   b.    
     The second transmission areas TA 2  may be apart from each other, and may be two-dimensionally arranged in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) and the second direction (for example, the ±y direction). The second transmission areas TA 2  may be arranged between the second pixel areas PXA 2 . For example, each of the second transmission areas TA 2  may be arranged between two adjacent second pixel areas PXA 2  in the x direction, the y direction, or a direction oblique to the x direction and the y direction. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates an example in which the second transmission area TA 2  substantially has a cross shape. However, in an embodiment, the second transmission area TA 2  may have various shapes, such as a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape (for example, a quadrangular shape), or an irregular shape. 
     Comparing  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4    to each other, the number of first conductive patterns  130   a  per unit area may be different from the number of second conductive patterns  130   b  per unit area. In other words, the number of first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  per unit area may be different from the number of second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  per unit area. In other words, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from that of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . For example, the number of first conductive patterns  130   a  per unit area may be greater than the number of second conductive patterns  130   b  per unit area. The number of first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  per unit area may be greater than the number of second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  per unit area. The resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be higher than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . 
     In an embodiment, the size of each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be different from the size of each of the second conductive patterns  130   b.  For example, the size of each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be less than the size of each of the second conductive patterns  130   b.    
     In an embodiment, a first separation distance dl between first conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) from among the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be different from a second separation distance d 2  between second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) from among the second conductive patterns  130   b.  For example, the first separation distance d 1  may be less than the second separation distance d 2 . 
     In an embodiment, a third separation distance d 3  between first conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) from among the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be different from a fourth separation distance d 4  between second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) from among the second conductive patterns  130   b.  For example, the third separation distance d 3  may be less than the fourth separation distance d 4 . 
     In an embodiment, the size of each of the first transmission areas TA 1  may be different from the size of each of the second transmission areas TA 2 . For example, the size of each of the first transmission areas TA 1  may be less than the size of each of the second transmission areas TA 2 . 
     As such, the structures of the first conductive patterns  130   a  and the first transmission areas TA 1 , arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from the structures of the second conductive patterns  130   b  and the second transmission areas TA 2 , arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . A function of the first component  20   a  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from a function of the second component  20   b  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2 . In case that the structure of the first auxiliary area AA 1  is different from the structure of the second auxiliary area AA 2 , both the function of the first component  20   a  and the function of the second component  20   b  may not be limited. 
       FIG.  5    is a graph for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to a comparative example, and  FIGS.  6  and  7    are diagrams for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to comparative examples. By way of example,  FIGS.  5  to  7    are diagrams for explaining the diffraction of light in a visible ray wavelength band and light in an infrared wavelength band, transmitted through auxiliary areas, in case that the structures of the auxiliary areas are the same, as comparative examples. That the structures of the auxiliary areas are the same may mean that the sizes of conductive patterns respectively arranged in the auxiliary areas are the same, the number of conductive patterns per unit area is the same between the auxiliary areas, or the sizes of the transmission areas are the same. 
     First, referring to  FIG.  5   , light in the visible ray wavelength band transmitted through an auxiliary area was measured at 0 and in a region adjacent to 0, whereas light in the infrared wavelength band transmitted through an auxiliary area was measured at 0 and in a region slightly separated from 0. It may be determined that the light in the infrared wavelength band is more diffracted than the light in the visible ray wavelength band (or it may be determined that the light in the infrared wavelength band diffracts better than the light in the visible ray wavelength band.). 
     As shown in  FIG.  6   , an image in the case where light in the visible ray wavelength band is transmitted through an auxiliary area is clearer than an image in the case where light in the infrared wavelength band is transmitted through an auxiliary area. As shown in  FIG.  7   , the image in the case where the light in the visible ray wavelength band is transmitted through the auxiliary area is a little blurry compared to a reference image Ref., but is clearer than the image in the case where the light in the infrared wavelength band is transmitted through the auxiliary area. This is a result of a diffraction difference between the light in the infrared wavelength band and the light in the visible ray wavelength band. 
     As may be understood from  FIGS.  5  to  7   , a diffraction difference occurs according to a wavelength band. Accordingly, in case that components for receiving light of different wavelength bands are respectively arranged in auxiliary areas having a same structure, functions of some or a number of the components may be limited by diffraction, and thus, some or a number of the components may not operate normally. 
     However, in case that the structure of the first auxiliary area AA 1  is different from the structure of the second auxiliary area AA 2  as in the embodiment of the disclosure, the diffraction difference may be reduced even though the wavelength bands of light received by the components are different from each other, and thus, limitation of the function of each of the components due to diffraction may be reduced. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be provided with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
       FIG.  8    is a graph for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to an embodiment, and  FIG.  9    is a diagram for explaining diffraction in a visible ray wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band according to an embodiment. By way of example,  FIGS.  8  and  9    are diagrams for explaining the diffraction of light in a visible ray wavelength band transmitted through the first auxiliary area AA 1  of  FIG.  3    and light in an infrared wavelength band transmitted through the second auxiliary area AA 2  of  FIG.  4   . 
     First, referring to  FIG.  8   , unlike in  FIG.  5   , a position where the light in the visible ray wavelength band transmitted through the first auxiliary area AA 1  is measured is similar to a position where the light in the infrared wavelength band transmitted through the second auxiliary area AA 2  is measured. By making the structure of the second auxiliary area AA 2  different from that of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , it may be understood that the diffraction of the light in the infrared wavelength band occurs similar to the diffraction of the light in the visible ray wavelength band. 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , it may be understood that an image in the case where the light in the infrared wavelength band transmitted through the second auxiliary area AA 2  is clearer than the image shown in  FIG.  7   . As such, the structures of conductive patterns arranged in an auxiliary area may be adjusted according to the degree of diffraction of light in each wavelength band, and the function of a component for receiving light in each wavelength band may not be limited. 
       FIG.  10    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the main area MA in  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  10   , main pixels PXm may be arranged in the main area MA. Each of the main pixels PXm may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, the main pixel PXm may include a red main sub-pixel SPXmr, a green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and a blue main sub-pixel SPXmb. 
     In an embodiment, the red main sub-pixel SPXmr, the green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may be arranged in a PENTILE® type. 
     In a first row  1 N, blue main sub-pixels SPXmb may be alternately arranged with red main sub-pixels SPXmr, and in a second row  2 N adjacent to the first row  1 N, green main sub-pixels SPXmg are arranged to be apart from each other by an interval. In a third row  3 N adjacent to the second row  2 N, red main sub-pixels SPXmr may be alternately arranged with blue main sub-pixels SPXmb, and in a fourth row  4 N adjacent to the third row  3 N, green main sub-pixels SPXmg are arranged to be apart from each other by an interval. This arrangement of pixels is repeated up to an N-th row. The sizes (or widths) of the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb and the red main sub-pixel SPXmr may be greater than the sizes (or widths) of the green main sub-pixel SPXmg. 
     The blue main sub-pixels SPXmb and the red main sub-pixels SPXmr, arranged in the first row  1 N, and the green main sub-pixels SPXmg arranged in the second row  2 N may be alternately arranged. Accordingly, blue main sub-pixels SPXmb may be alternately arranged with red main sub-pixels SPXmr in a first column  1 M, and green main sub-pixels SPXmg are arranged to be apart from each other by an interval in a second column  2 M adjacent to the first column  1 M. Red main sub-pixels SPXmr may be alternately arranged with blue main sub-pixels SPXmb in a third column  3 M adjacent to the second column  2 M, and green main sub-pixels SPXmg are arranged to be apart from each other by an interval in a fourth column  4 M adjacent to the third column  3 M. This arrangement of pixels is repeated up to an M-th column. 
     In other words, the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb is arranged at each of the first and third vertices facing each other from among the vertices of a virtual quadrangle having the center point of the green main sub-pixel SPXmg as the center point of the virtual quadrangle, and the red main sub-pixel SPXmr is arranged at each of the second and fourth vertices, which are the remaining vertices. The virtual quadrangle may be variously modified. For example, the virtual quadrangle may be a rectangle, a rhombus, and a square. 
     Such a pixel arrangement structure is called a PENTILE® matrix structure or a PENTILE® structure, and a high resolution may be realized with a small number of pixels by using a rendering driving scheme that shares adjacent pixels to represent colors. 
     Although  FIG.  10    illustrates an example in which sub-pixels of the main pixel PXm arranged in the main area MA are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure, the disclosure is not limited thereto. As an embodiment, the sub-pixels of the main pixel PXm, for example, the red main sub-pixel SPXmr, the green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb, may be arranged in various shapes such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
       FIG.  11    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the first auxiliary area AA 1  in  FIG.  1   . By way of example,  FIG.  11    shows an example of  FIG.  3    described above. 
     Referring to  FIG.  11   , the first auxiliary area AA 1  may include first pixel areas PXA 1  and first transmission areas TA 1 . The first pixel areas PXA 1  may be arranged in a matrix, and the first transmission areas TA 1  may be arranged between the first pixel areas PXA 1 . 
     First conductive patterns  130   a  may be respectively disposed in the first pixel areas PXA 1 . First conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) may be connected to each other through first connection patterns  131   a.  First conductive patterns  130   a  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) may be connected to each other through second connection patterns  132   a.  The first conductive patterns  130   a,  the first connection patterns  131   a,  and the second connection patterns  132   a  may be arranged on a same layer and may be integral with each other. 
     First auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may be respectively disposed on the first conductive patterns  130   a.  Each of the first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  may include a first red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 1 , a first green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 1 , and a first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1 . 
     Although  FIG.  11    illustrates an example in which sub-pixels of the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  are arranged in a stripe structure, the disclosure is not limited thereto. As an embodiment, the sub-pixels of the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1 , for example, the first red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 1 , the first green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1 , may be arranged in various shapes, such as a PENTILE® matrix structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
       FIG.  12    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of the second auxiliary area AA 2  of  FIG.  1   . By way of example,  FIG.  12    shows an example of  FIG.  4    described above. 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , the second auxiliary area AA 2  may include second pixel areas PXA 2  and second transmission areas TA 2 . The second pixel areas PXA 2  may be arranged in a matrix, and the second transmission areas TA 2  may be arranged between the second pixel areas PXA 2 . 
     Second conductive patterns  130   b  may be respectively disposed in the second pixel areas PXA 2 . Second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction) may be connected to each other through third connection patterns  13  lb. Second conductive patterns  130   b  adjacent to each other in the second direction (for example, the ±y direction) may be connected to each other through fourth connection patterns  132   b.  The second conductive patterns  130   b,  the third connection patterns  131   b , and the fourth connection patterns  132   b  may be arranged on a same layer and may be integral with each other. 
     Second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may be respectively disposed on the second conductive patterns  130   b.  Each of the second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  may include sub-pixels emitting light of different colors. For example, the second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  may include a second red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 2 , a second green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 2 , and a second blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 2 . 
     Comparing  FIGS.  10 ,  11 , and  12    to each other, the resolution of the main area MA may be higher than the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  and the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . The resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be higher than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2 . In other words, the number of first auxiliary pixels PXa 1  per unit area may be greater than the number of second auxiliary pixels PXa 2  per unit area. In other words, the number of first conductive patterns  130   a  per unit area may be greater than the number of second conductive patterns  130   b  per unit area. 
     In an embodiment, the size of each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be different from the size of each of the second conductive patterns  130   b.  For example, the size of each of the first conductive patterns  130   a  may be less than the size of each of the second conductive patterns  130   b.    
     In an embodiment, the size of each of the first transmission areas TA 1  may be different from the size of each of the second transmission areas TA 2 . For example, the size of each of the first transmission areas TA 1  may be less than the size of each of the second transmission areas TA 2 . 
     As such, the structures of the first conductive patterns  130   a  and the first transmission areas TA 1 , arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from the structures of the second conductive patterns  130   b  and the second transmission areas TA 2 , arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . 
     In an embodiment, the number of sub-pixels of the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1  may be different from the number of sub-pixels of the second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  11   , one first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  may include one first red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 1 , one first green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 1 , and one first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1 . As shown in  FIG.  12   , one second auxiliary pixel PXa 2  may include two second red auxiliary sub-pixels SPXar 2 , four second green auxiliary sub-pixels SPXag 2 , and two second blue auxiliary sub-pixels SPXab 2 . For example, the number of sub-pixels of the first auxiliary pixel PXa 1  may be less than the number of sub-pixels of the second auxiliary pixel PXa 2 . 
       FIG.  13    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the main area MA, taken along line I-I′ in  FIG.  10   . By way of example,  FIG.  13    illustrates the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb of  FIG.  10   . Hereinafter, although descriptions below are of the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb, the descriptions may also apply to the red main sub-pixel SPXmr and the green main sub-pixel SPXmg of  FIG.  10   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  13   , the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may include a main pixel circuit PCm and a main display element DEm. The main pixel circuit PCm and the main display element DEm may be electrically connected to each other. The main display element DEm may be driven by the main pixel circuit PCm. 
     The main pixel circuit PCm may include at least one transistor and at least one capacitor. For example, as shown in  FIG.  13   , the main pixel circuit PCm may include a first transistor TFT 1 , a second transistor TFT 2 , and a storage capacitor Cst. The first transistor TFT 1  may include a first semiconductor layer Act 1  and a first gate electrode GE 1 , and the second transistor TFT 2  may include a second semiconductor layer Act 2  and a second gate electrode GE 2 . The second gate electrode GE 2  may include a lower gate electrode GE 2   a  and an upper gate electrode GE 2   b.    
     Hereinafter, a configuration in the main area MA of display device  1  (refer to  FIG.  1   ) will be described in more detail according to a stacked structure with reference to  FIG.  13   . 
     A substrate  100  may include a glass material, a ceramic material, a metal material, or a flexible or bendable material. In case that the substrate  100  is flexible or bendable, the substrate  100  may include a polymer resin such as polyethersulfone, polyacrylate, polyetherimide, polyethylene naphthalate, PET, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylate, PI, polycarbonate, or cellulose acetate propionate. 
     The substrate  100  may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure including the polymer resin, and may further include an inorganic layer in the case of the multi-layer structure. In an embodiment, the substrate  100  may have an organic/inorganic/organic structure. 
     A buffer layer  110  may reduce or block penetration of foreign materials, moisture, or external air from the bottom of the substrate  100 , and may provide a flat surface on the substrate  100 . The buffer layer  110  may include an inorganic material such as an oxide or a nitride, an organic material, or an organic/inorganic composite, and may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure including an inorganic material and/or an organic material. 
     A barrier layer (not shown) may be further included between the substrate  100  and the buffer layer  110 . The barrier layer may prevent or reduce penetration of impurities from the substrate  100  or the like into the first semiconductor layer Act 1  and the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . The barrier layer may include an inorganic material such as an oxide or a nitride, an organic material, or an organic/inorganic composite, and may have a single-layer or multi-layer structure including an inorganic material and/or an organic material. 
     A lower conductive pattern  130   m  may be between the substrate  100  and the buffer layer  110 . The lower conductive pattern  130   m  may include a conductive material including molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), or the like, and may include a single layer or layers including the conductive material. 
     The lower conductive pattern  130   m  may at least partially overlap the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The lower conductive pattern  130   m  may protect the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The lower conductive pattern  130   m  may be such that an arbitrary (or preset) voltage is applied thereto. In case that a pixel circuit PCm including both an N-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) (NMOS) and a P-channel MOSFET (PMOS) is driven through the lower conductive pattern  130   m  to which an arbitrary voltage is applied, the accumulation of unnecessary charges in the first semiconductor layer Act 1  may be prevented. As a result, characteristics of the first transistor TFT 1  including the first semiconductor layer Act 1  may be stably maintained. 
     The first semiconductor layer Act 1  may be disposed on the buffer layer  110 . The first semiconductor layer Act 1  may include amorphous silicon or polysilicon. The first semiconductor layer Act 1  may include a channel region, and a source region and a drain region arranged on both sides of the channel region. The source region and the drain region may be regions doped with a dopant. The first semiconductor layer Act 1  may include a single layer or multiple layers. 
     A first insulating layer  111  and a second insulating layer  113  may be successively stacked on the substrate  100  to cover or overlap the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The first insulating layer  111  and the second insulating layer  113  may each include silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), tantalum oxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO x ), or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The ZnO x  may include zinc oxide (ZnO) and/or zinc peroxide (ZnO 2 ). 
     The first gate electrode GE 1  may be disposed on the first insulating layer  111 . The first gate electrode GE 1  may be arranged to at least partially overlap the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The first gate electrode GE 1  may include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. For example, the first gate electrode GE 1  may include a single layer including Mo. 
     An upper electrode CE 2  and the lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may be arranged on the second insulating layer  113 . The upper electrode CE 2  and the lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may each include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. For example, the upper electrode CE 2  and the lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may each include a single Mo layer. 
     In an embodiment, the storage capacitor Cst may include a lower electrode CE 1  and the upper electrode CE 2 , and may overlap the first transistor TFT 1  as shown in  FIG.  13   . For example, the first gate electrode GE 1  of the first transistor TFT 1  may function as the lower electrode CE 1  of the storage capacitor Cst. Unlike this, the storage capacitor Cst may not overlap the first transistor TFT 1  and may be present separately. 
     The upper electrode CE 2  of the storage capacitor Cst overlaps the lower electrode CE 1  with the second insulating layer  113  therebetween to form a capacitance. The second insulating layer  113  may function as a dielectric layer of the storage capacitor Cst. 
     The lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may at least partially overlap the second semiconductor layer Act 2  of the second transistor TFT 2 . The lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may protect the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . The lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may be such that an arbitrary (or preset) voltage is applied thereto. For example, the lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may be electrically connected to the upper gate electrode GE 2   b.  The lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may be substantially synchronized with the upper gate electrode GE 2   b.    
     A third insulating layer  115  may be disposed on the second insulating layer  113  to cover or overlap the upper electrode CE 2  and the lower gate electrode GE 2   a.  The third insulating layer  115  may include SiO 2 , SiN x , SiON, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 , HfO2, ZnO x , or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The ZnO may include ZnO and/or ZnO 2 . 
     The second semiconductor layer Act 2  may be disposed on the third insulating layer  115 . The second semiconductor layer Act 2  may include an oxide semiconductor material. The second semiconductor layer Act 2  may include an oxide of at least one material selected from the group consisting of indium (In), gallium (Ga), stannum (Sn), zirconium (Zr), vanadium (V), hafnium (Hf), cadmium (Cd), germanium (Ge), chrome (Cr), titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), cesium (Cs), cerium (Ce), and Zinc (Zn). 
     For example, the second semiconductor layer Act 2  may be an indium tin zinc oxide (ITZO) semiconductor layer, an indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) semiconductor layer, or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. Because the oxide semiconductor has a wide band gap (about 3.1 eV), high carrier mobility, and low leakage current, a voltage drop is not large even though a driving time is long, and thus, a luminance change according to the voltage drop is not large even during low-frequency driving. 
     The second semiconductor layer Act 2  may include a channel region, and a source region and a drain region arranged on both sides of the channel region. The second semiconductor layer Act 2  may include a single layer or multiple layers. 
     As described above, the lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may be disposed under the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . Because the second semiconductor layer Act 2  including an oxide semiconductor material is vulnerable to light, the second semiconductor layer Act 2  may be protected through the lower gate electrode GE 2   a.  The lower gate electrode GE 2   a  may prevent a change in device characteristics of the second transistor TFT 2  including an oxide semiconductor material, the change being due to a photocurrent induced in the second semiconductor layer Act 2  by external light incident through the substrate  100 . 
     A fourth insulating layer  117  may be disposed on the third insulating layer  115  to cover or overlap the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . The fourth insulating layer  117  may include SiO 2 , SiN x , SiON, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 , HfO 2 , ZnO x , or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The ZnO may include ZnO and/or ZnO 2 . 
       FIG.  13    illustrates an example in which the fourth insulating layer  117  is disposed on the entire surface of the substrate  100  to cover or overlap the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . However, in an embodiment, the fourth insulating layer  117  may be patterned to overlap a portion of the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . For example, the fourth insulating layer  117  may be patterned to overlap the channel region of the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . 
     The upper gate electrode GE 2   b  may be disposed on the fourth insulating layer  117 . The upper gate electrode GE 2   b  may be disposed to at least partially overlap the second semiconductor layer Act 2 . The upper gate electrode GE 2   b  may include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. For example, the upper gate electrode GE 2   b  may include a single Mo layer. 
       FIG.  13    illustrates an example in which the first transistor TFT 1  and the second transistor TFT 2  are arranged on different layers. However, in an embodiment, the first transistor TFT 1  and the second transistor TFT 2  may be arranged on a same layer. For example, the second semiconductor layer Act 2  of the second transistor TFT 2  may be between the buffer layer  110  and the first insulating layer  111 , and the upper gate electrode GE 2   b  may be between the first insulating layer  111  and the second insulating layer  113 . The first semiconductor layer Act 1  of the first transistor TFT 1  and the second semiconductor layer Act 2  of the second transistor TFT 2  may include a same material or a similar material. Also, some or a number of insulating layers may be omitted. 
     A fifth insulating layer  119  may be disposed on the fourth insulating layer  117  to cover or overlap the upper gate electrode GE 2   b.  The fifth insulating layer  119  may include SiO 2 , SiN x , SiON, Al 2 O 3 , TiO 2 , Ta 2 O 5 , HfO 2 , ZnO x , or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The ZnO may include ZnO and/or ZnO 2 . 
     A first electrode E 1 , a second electrode E 2 , a third electrode E 3 , and a fourth electrode E 4  may be arranged on the fifth insulating layer  119 . The first electrode E 1 , the second electrode E 2 , the third electrode E 3 , and the fourth electrode E 4  may each include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. For example, the first electrode E 1 , the second electrode E 2 , the third electrode E 3 , and the fourth electrode E 4  may each have a multi-layer structure of Ti/Al/Ti. 
     The first electrode E 1  may be connected to the first semiconductor layer Act 1  through a contact hole formed in the first to fifth insulating layers  111 ,  113 ,  115 ,  117 , and  119 . A portion of the first electrode E 1  may be buried in the contact hole, and the first electrode E 1  and the first semiconductor layer Act 1  may be connected to each other. The second electrode E 2  may be connected to the first semiconductor layer Act 1  through a contact hole formed in the first to fifth insulating layers  111 ,  113 ,  115 ,  117 , and  119 . A portion of the second electrode E 2  may be buried in the contact hole, and the second electrode E 2  and the first semiconductor layer Act 1  may be connected to each other. The third electrode E 3  may be connected to the second semiconductor layer Act 2  through a contact hole formed in the fourth and fifth insulating layers  117  and  119 . A portion of the third electrode E 3  may be buried in the contact hole, and the third electrode E 3  and the second semiconductor layer Act 2  may be connected to each other. The fourth electrode E 4  may be connected to the second semiconductor layer Act 2  through a contact hole formed in the fourth and fifth insulating layers  117  and  119 . A portion of the fourth electrode E 4  may be buried in the contact hole, and the fourth electrode E 4  and the second semiconductor layer Act 2  may be connected to each other. 
       FIG.  13    illustrates an example in which the first electrode E 1 , the second electrode E 2 , the third electrode E 3 , and the fourth electrode E 4  are arranged on the fifth insulating layer  119 . However, in an embodiment, at least one of the first electrode E 1  and the second electrode E 2  and at least one of the third electrode E 3  and the fourth electrode E 4  may be omitted. 
     A sixth insulating layer  121  and a seventh insulating layer  122  may be successively stacked on the fifth insulating layer  119 . The sixth insulating layer  121  and the seventh insulating layer  122  may each include a single layer or multiple layers including an organic material, and may each provide a flat upper surface. The sixth insulating layer  121  and the seventh insulating layer  122  may each include a general-purpose commercial polymer such as benzocyclobutene (BCB), PI, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or polystyrene (PS), a polymer derivative having a phenol-based group, an acryl-based polymer, an imide-based polymer, an acryl ether-based polymer, an amide-based polymer, a fluorine-based polymer, a p-xylene-based polymer, a vinyl alcohol-based polymer, a blend thereof, or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. 
     A fifth electrode E 5  may be disposed on the sixth insulating layer  121 . The fifth electrode E 5  may include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. For example, the fifth electrode E 5  may have a multi-layer structure of Ti/Al/Ti. 
     The fifth electrode E 5  may be connected to the second electrode E 2  through a contact hole formed in the sixth insulating layer  121 . A portion of the fifth electrode E 5  may be buried in the contact hole, and the fifth electrode E 5  and the second electrode E 2  may be connected to each other. 
     A main display element DEm may be disposed on the seventh insulating layer  122 . The main display element DEm may include a pixel electrode  210 , an intermediate layer  220 , and an opposite electrode  230 . 
     The pixel electrode  210  may be a (semi)transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode. In an embodiment, the pixel electrode  210  may include a reflective layer including Ag, Mg, Al, Pt, Pd, Au, Ni, Nd, Ir, Cr, or a compound thereof, and a transparent or translucent electrode layer formed on the reflective layer. The transparent or translucent electrode layer may include at least one selected from the group including indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), zinc oxide (ZnO), indium oxide (In 2 O 3 ), indium gallium oxide (IGO), and aluminum zinc oxide (AZO). In an embodiment, the pixel electrode  210  may include ITO/Ag/ITO. 
     The pixel electrode  210  may be connected to the fifth electrode E 5  through a contact hole formed in the seventh insulating layer  122 . A portion of the pixel electrode  210  may be buried in the contact hole, and the pixel electrode  210  and the fifth electrode E 5  may be connected to each other. The pixel electrode  210  may be electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer Act 1  through the second electrode E 2  and the fifth electrode E 5 . 
     A pixel-defining layer  123  may be disposed on the seventh insulating layer  122 . The pixel-defining layer  123  may have an opening exposing the pixel electrode  210 , and a main emission area EAm of the main display element DEm may be defined by the opening. The pixel-defining layer  123  may increase the distance between the edge of the pixel electrode  210  and the opposite electrode  230  above the pixel electrode  210 , thereby preventing the occurrence of an arc in the edge of the pixel electrode  210 . 
     The pixel-defining layer  123  may include one or more organic insulating materials selected from the group consisting of PI, polyamide, acrylic resin, BCB, and phenol resin, and may be formed by spin coating or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. The pixel-defining layer  123  may include an organic insulating material. As another example, the pixel-defining layer  123  may include an inorganic insulating material such as silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or silicon oxide. As another example, the pixel-defining layer  123  may include an organic insulating material and an inorganic insulating material. In an embodiment, the pixel-defining layer  123  may include a light-blocking material and may be provided in black. The light-blocking material may include carbon black, carbon nanotubes, a resin or paste containing black dye, metal particles such as nickel, aluminum, molybdenum and/or an alloy thereof, metal oxide particles (for example, chromium oxide), metal nitride particles (for example, chromium nitride), or the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. In case that the pixel-defining layer  123  may include a light-blocking material, reflection of external light by metal structures disposed under the pixel-defining layer  123  may be reduced. 
     The intermediate layer  220  may be arranged in the opening formed by the pixel-defining layer  123 . The intermediate layer  220  may include an organic emission layer. The organic emission layer may include an organic material including a fluorescent or phosphorescent material emitting red, green, blue, or white light. The organic emission layer may include a low molecular weight organic material or a high molecular weight organic material, and a functional layer such as a hole transport layer (HTL), a hole injection layer (HIL), an electron transport layer (ETL), or an electron injection layer (EIL) may be optionally further disposed below and above the organic emission layer. 
     The intermediate layer  220  may be arranged to correspond to each of the pixel electrodes  210 . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto. The intermediate layer  220  may be variously modified. For example, the intermediate layer  220  may include an integral layer over the pixel electrodes  210 . 
     The opposite electrode  230  may be a transmissive electrode or a reflective electrode. In an embodiment, the opposite electrode  230  may be a transparent or translucent electrode, and may include a metal thin film having a small work function, which may include Li, Ca, LiF, Al, Ag, Mg, or a compound thereof, or may have materials with multilayer structures such as LiF/Ca or LiF/Al. A transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer such as an ITO, IZO, ZnO, or In 2 O 3  layer may be further disposed on the metal thin film. The opposite electrode  230  may be disposed over a display area DA (refer to  FIG.  1   ) and may be arranged on the intermediate layer  220  and the pixel-defining layer  123 . The opposing electrode  230  may be integral in display elements to correspond to pixel electrodes  210 . 
     Because a display element including an organic emission layer may be readily damaged by moisture or oxygen from the outside, an encapsulation layer (not shown) may cover or overlap the display element to protect the display element. The encapsulation layer may be disposed on the opposite electrode  230 , to cover or overlap the display area DA, and extend to at least a portion of a peripheral area PA (refer to  FIG.  1   ). The encapsulation layer may include at least one inorganic encapsulation layer and/or at least one organic encapsulation layer. For example, the encapsulation layer may include a first inorganic encapsulation layer, an organic encapsulation layer, and a second inorganic encapsulation layer. The at least one inorganic encapsulation layer may include at least one inorganic material selected from among aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, zinc oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, and silicon oxynitride. The at least one organic encapsulation layer may include a polymer-based material. Examples of the polymer-based material may include an acrylic resin, an epoxy-based resin, PI, polyethylene, and the like within the spirit and the scope of the disclosure. 
       FIG.  14    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the first auxiliary area AA 1 , taken along line II-II′ in  FIG.  11   . By way of example,  FIG.  14    illustrates the first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1  of  FIG.  11   . Hereinafter, although descriptions below are of the first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1 , the descriptions may also apply to the first red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 1  and the first green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 1  of  FIG.  11   . In  FIG.  14   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  13    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  14   , the first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1  may include an auxiliary pixel circuit PCa and an auxiliary display element DEa. The auxiliary pixel circuit PCa and the auxiliary display element DEa may be electrically connected to each other. The auxiliary display element DEa may be driven by the auxiliary pixel circuit PCa. The auxiliary pixel circuit PCa may include at least one transistor and at least one capacitor. 
     The auxiliary display element DEa may include a pixel electrode  210 , an intermediate layer  220 , and an opposite electrode  230 . The pixel electrode  210  of the auxiliary display element DEa may be partially exposed by an opening of the pixel-defining layer  123 , and an emission area EAa of the auxiliary display element DEa may be defined by the opening of the pixel-defining layer  123 . 
     A first conductive pattern  130   a  may be arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1 . The first conductive pattern  130   a  may be between the auxiliary pixel circuit PCa and the substrate  100 . The first conductive pattern  130   a  may be between the substrate  100  and the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The first conductive pattern  130   a  may include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. 
     In an embodiment, at least one of insulating layers arranged on the substrate  100  may have an opening corresponding to a first transmission area TA 1 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  14   , the third insulating layer  115  may have an opening  115 OPa corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . The fourth insulating layer  117  may have an opening  117 OPa corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . The fifth insulating layer  119  may have an opening  119 OPa corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . The seventh insulating layer  122  may have an opening  122 OPa corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . The pixel-defining layer  123  may have an opening  123 OPa corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . 
       FIG.  14    illustrates an example in which the buffer layer  110 , the first insulating layer  111 , the second insulating layer  113 , and the sixth insulating layer  121  are arranged in the first transmission area TA 1 . However, in an embodiment, each of the buffer layer  110 , the first insulating layer  111 , the second insulating layer  113 , and the sixth insulating layer  121  may have an opening corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . 
     In an embodiment, a conductive pattern disposed on the substrate  100  may have an opening corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  14   , the first conductive pattern  130   a  may have an opening  130   a OP corresponding to the first transmission area TA 1 . 
       FIG.  15    is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the second auxiliary area AA 2 , taken along line in  FIG.  12   . By way of example,  FIG.  15    illustrates the second red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 2  and the second blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 2  of  FIG.  12   . Hereinafter, although descriptions below are of the second red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 2  and the second blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 2 , the descriptions may also apply to the second green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 2  of  FIG.  12   . In  FIG.  15   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  13    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  15   , each of the second red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 2  and the second blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 2  may include an auxiliary pixel circuit PCa′ and an auxiliary display element DEa′. The auxiliary pixel circuit PCa′ and the auxiliary display element DEa′ may be electrically connected to each other. The auxiliary display element DEa′ may be driven by the auxiliary pixel circuit PCa′. The auxiliary pixel circuit PCa′ may include at least one transistor and at least one capacitor. 
     The auxiliary display element DEa′ may include a pixel electrode  210 , an intermediate layer  220 , and an opposite electrode  230 . The pixel electrode  210  of the auxiliary display element DEa′ may be partially exposed by an opening of the pixel-defining layer  123 , and an emission area EAa′ of the auxiliary display element DEa′ may be defined by the opening of the pixel-defining layer  123 . 
     A second conductive pattern  130   b  may be arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2 . The second conductive pattern  130   b  may be between the auxiliary pixel circuit PCa′ and the substrate  100 . The second conductive pattern  130   b  may be between the substrate  100  and the first semiconductor layer Act 1 . The second conductive pattern  130   b  may include a conductive material including Mo, Al, Cu, Ti, or the like, and may include a single layer or multiple layers including the conductive material. 
     In an embodiment, at least one of insulating layers arranged on the substrate  100  may have an opening corresponding to a second transmission area TA 2 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  15   , the third insulating layer  115  may have an opening  115 OPb corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . The fourth insulating layer  117  may have an opening  117 OPb corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . The fifth insulating layer  119  may have an opening  119 OPb corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . The seventh insulating layer  122  may have an opening  122 OPb corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . The pixel-defining layer  123  may have an opening  123 OPb corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . 
       FIG.  15    illustrates an example in which the buffer layer  110 , the first insulating layer  111 , the second insulating layer  113 , and the sixth insulating layer  121  are arranged in the second transmission area TA 2 . However, in an embodiment, each of the buffer layer  110 , the first insulating layer  111 , the second insulating layer  113 , and the sixth insulating layer  121  may have an opening corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . 
     In an embodiment, the conductive pattern disposed on the substrate  100  may have an opening corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  15   , the second conductive pattern  130   b  may have an opening  130   b OP corresponding to the second transmission area TA 2 . 
       FIG.  16    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device la according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  16   , the display device  1   a  may include a display area DA and a peripheral area PA outside the display area DA. The display area DA may include a main area MA, a first auxiliary area AA 1   a  including a first transmission area TA 1   a  (refer to  FIG.  17   ), a first intermediate area TRA 1 , a second auxiliary area AA 2   a  including a second transmission area TA 2   a  (refer to  FIG.  18   ), and a second intermediate area TRA 2 . The first intermediate area TRA 1  may at least partially surround the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  and the second intermediate area TRA 2  may at least partially surround the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The main area MA may at least partially surround the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  the first intermediate area TRA 1 , the second auxiliary area AA 2   a,  and the second intermediate area TRA 2 . 
       FIG.  16    illustrates an example in which first intermediate areas TRA 1  are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  However, in an embodiment, the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be arranged on the left or right side of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  In an embodiment, the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be disposed above the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  Although descriptions below are of the first intermediate area TRA 1 , the descriptions may also apply to the second intermediate area TRA 2 . 
     Main sub-pixels SPXm may be arranged in the main area MA. Each of the main sub-pixels SPXm may include a main display element DEm and a main pixel circuit PCm. The main display element DEm and the main pixel circuit PCm may be electrically connected to each other. The main display element DEm and the main pixel circuit PCm may at least partially overlap each other. The main sub-pixel SPXm may emit red, green, or blue light. 
     Each of the first auxiliary sub-pixels SPXa 1  may include a first auxiliary display element DEa 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  and a first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The first auxiliary display element DEa 1  and the first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL. The connection line TWL may include a transparent conductive material. In a plan view, the first auxiliary display element DEa 1  and the first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1  may be apart from each other. In other words, the first auxiliary display element DEa 1  and the first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1  may not overlap each other. The first auxiliary sub-pixel SPXa 1  may emit red, green, or blue light. 
     An area, in which the first auxiliary display element DEa 1  is not arranged, in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be defined as the first transmission area TA 1   a.  The first transmission area TA 1   a  may be an area through which light or signals emitted from a component arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  or light or signals incident to the component is transmitted. 
     The connection line TWL may be arranged to at least partially overlap the first transmission area TA 1   a.  Because the connection line TWL may include a transparent conductive material having high light transmittance, the light transmittance of the first transmission area TA 1   a  may be secured. Also, because the first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1  is not arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  the area of the first transmission area TA 1   a  and light transmittance may be readily expanded and thus may be further improved. 
     Because the first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  are not arranged in the first transmission area TA 1   a,  the number of first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  per unit area may be less than the number of main display elements DEm per unit area. For example, an image displayed in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. 
     Each of the third auxiliary sub-pixels SPXa 3  may include a third auxiliary display element DEa 3  and a third auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 3 , arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The third auxiliary display element DEa 3  and the third auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 3  may be electrically connected to each other. The third auxiliary sub-pixel SPXa 3  may emit red, green, or blue light. 
     Although the first intermediate area TRA 1  does not include a transmission area, some or a number of pixel circuits (for example, the first auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 1 ) disposed in the first intermediate area TRA 1  is to drive the first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  and the number of third auxiliary display elements DEa 3  per unit area may be less than the number of main display elements DEm per unit area. For example, an image displayed in the first intermediate area TRA 1  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. On the other hand, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be substantially the same as the resolution of the first intermediate area TRA 1 . In other words, the number of first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of third auxiliary display elements DEa 3  per unit area. 
     Each of the second auxiliary sub-pixels SPXa 2  may include a second auxiliary display element DEa 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  and a second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The second auxiliary display element DEa 2  and the second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL. The connection line TWL may include a transparent conductive material. In a plan view, the second auxiliary display element DEa 2  and the second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2  may be apart from each other. In other words, the second auxiliary display element DEa 2  and the second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2  may not overlap each other. The second auxiliary sub-pixel SPXa 2  may emit red, green, or blue light. 
     An area, in which the second auxiliary display element DEa 2  is not arranged, in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  may be defined as the second transmission area TA 2   a.  The second transmission area TA 2   a  may be an area through which light or signals emitted from a component arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  or light or signals incident to the component is transmitted. 
     The connection line TWL may be arranged to at least partially overlap the second transmission area TA 2   a.  Because the connection line TWL may include a transparent conductive material having high light transmittance, the light transmittance of the second transmission area TA 2   a  may be secured. Also, because the second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2  is not arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a,  the area of the second transmission area TA 2   a  and light transmittance may be readily expanded and thus may be further improved. 
     Because the second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  are not arranged in the second transmission area TA 2   a,  the number of the second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  per unit area may be less than the number of the main display elements DEm per unit area. For example, an image displayed in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  In other words, the number of first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  per unit area may be different from the number of second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  per unit area. For example, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be lower than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The number of first auxiliary display elements DEa 1  per unit area may be less than the number of second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  per unit area. 
     Each of the fourth auxiliary sub-pixels SPXa 4  may include a fourth auxiliary display element DEa 4  and a fourth auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 4  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The fourth auxiliary display element DEa 4  and the fourth auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 4  may be electrically connected to each other. The fourth auxiliary sub-pixel SPXa 4  may emit red, green, or blue light. 
     Although the second intermediate area TRA 2  does not include a transmission area, some or a number of pixel circuits (for example, the second auxiliary pixel circuit PCa 2 ) disposed in the second intermediate area TRA 2  is to drive the second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a,  and the number of fourth auxiliary display elements DEa 4  per unit area may be less than the number of main display elements DEm per unit area. For example, an image displayed in the second intermediate area TRA 2  is an auxiliary image, and may have a lower resolution than that of an image displayed in the main area MA. On the other hand, the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  may be substantially the same as the resolution of the second intermediate area TRA 2 . In other words, the number of second auxiliary display elements DEa 2  per unit area may be substantially the same as the number of fourth auxiliary display elements DEa 4  per unit area. 
       FIG.  17    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   . By way of example,  FIG.  17    illustrates portions of the main area MA, the first intermediate area TRA 1 , and the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  in  FIG.  16   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  17   , the red main sub-pixel SPXmr may include a red main display element DEmr and a first main pixel circuit PCmr, arranged in the main area MA, the green main sub-pixel SPXmg may include a green main display element DEmg and a second main pixel circuit PCmg, arranged in the main area MA, and the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may include a blue main display element DEmb and a third main pixel circuit PCmb, arranged in the main area MA. The red main display element DEmr and the first main pixel circuit PCmr may at least partially overlap each other, the green main display element DEmg and the second main pixel circuit PCmg may at least partially overlap each other, and the blue main display element DEmb and the third main pixel circuit PCmb may at least partially overlap each other. 
       FIG.  17    illustrates an example in which the red main sub-pixel SPXmr, the green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. However, in an embodiment, the red main sub-pixel SPXmr, the green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and the blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may be arranged in various shapes, such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
     The first red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 1  may include a first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  and a (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The first green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 1  may include a first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  and a (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The first blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 1  may include a first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  and a (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . In a plan view, the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  and the (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  may be apart from each other, the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  and the (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1  may be apart from each other, and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  and the (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1  may be apart from each other. The first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  and the (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL, the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  and the (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL, and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  and the (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL. 
       FIG.  17    illustrates an example in which the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. However, in an embodiment, the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  may be arranged in various shapes such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
     The third red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 3  may include a third red auxiliary display element DEar 3  and a (3-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 3 , arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The third green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 3  may include a third green auxiliary display element DEag 3  and a (3-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 3 , arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1 . The third blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 3  may include a third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3  and a (3-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 3 , arranged in the intermediate area TRA 1 . 
       FIG.  17    illustrates an example in which the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 , the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3 , and the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3  are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. However, in an embodiment, the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 , the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3 , and the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3  may be arranged in various shapes such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the main area MA may be higher than the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  and the resolution of the first intermediate area TRA 1 . For example, the number of red main display elements DEmr per unit area may be greater than the number of first red auxiliary display elements DEar 1  per unit area and the number of third red auxiliary display elements DEar 3  per unit area. Although descriptions above are of the red main display element DEmr, the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , and the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 , the descriptions may also apply to the green main display element DEmg, the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3  and to the blue main display element DEmb, the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1 , and the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3 . 
     In an embodiment, an emission area of the red main display element DEmr may be smaller than an emission area of the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  and an emission area of the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 . An emission area of the green main display element DEmg may be smaller than an emission area of the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  and an emission area of the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3 . An emission area of the blue main display element DEmb may be smaller than an emission area of the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  and an emission area of the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3 . 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be substantially the same as the resolution of the first intermediate area TRA 1 . For example, the number of first red auxiliary display elements DEar 1  per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of third red auxiliary display elements DEar 3  per unit area. Although descriptions above are of the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  and the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 , the descriptions may also apply to the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  and the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3  and to the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  and the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3 . 
     In an embodiment, an emission area of the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the third red auxiliary display element DEar 3 . An emission area of the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the third green auxiliary display element DEag 3 . An emission area of the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the third blue auxiliary display element DEab 3 . 
       FIG.  18    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  18   , the second red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 2  may include a second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  and a (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The second green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 2  may include a second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  and a (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The second blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 2  may include a second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  and a (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . In a plan view, the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  and the (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2  may be apart from each other, the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  and the (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2  may be apart from each other, and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  and the (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2  may be apart from each other. The second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  and THE (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL, the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  and the (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL, and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  and the (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2  may be electrically connected to each other through a connection line TWL. 
       FIG.  18    illustrates an example in which the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2 , and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. However, in an embodiment, the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2 , and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  may be arranged in various shapes, such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
     The fourth red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 4  may include a fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4  and a (4-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 4 , arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The fourth green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 4  may include a fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4  and a (4-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 4 , arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . The fourth blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 4  may include a fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4  and a (4-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 4 , arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2 . 
       FIG.  18    illustrates an example in which the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 , the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4 , and the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4  are arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. However, in an embodiment, the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 , the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4 , and the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4  may be arranged in various shapes, such as a stripe structure, a mosaic arrangement structure, and a delta arrangement structure. 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the main area MA may be higher than the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  and the resolution of the second intermediate area TRA 2 . For example, the number of red main display elements DEmr per unit area may be greater than the number of second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2  per unit area and the number of fourth red auxiliary display elements DEar 4  per unit area. Although descriptions above are of the red main display element DEmr, the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , and the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 , the descriptions may also apply to the green main display element DEmg, the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2 , and the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4  and to the blue main display element DEmb, the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2 , and the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4 . 
     In an embodiment, an emission area of the red main display element DEmr may be smaller than an emission area of the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  and an emission area of the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 . An emission area of the green main display element DEmg may be smaller than an emission area of the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  and an emission area of the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4 . An emission area of the blue main display element DEmb may be smaller than an emission area of the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  and an emission area of the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4 . 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  may be substantially the same as the resolution of the second intermediate area TRA 2 . For example, the number of second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2  per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of fourth red auxiliary display elements DEar 4  per unit area. Although descriptions above are of the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  and the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 , the descriptions may also apply to the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  and the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4  and to the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  and the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4 . 
     In an embodiment, an emission area of the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the fourth red auxiliary display element DEar 4 . An emission area of the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the fourth green auxiliary display element DEag 4 . An emission area of the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2  may be substantially the same as an emission area of the fourth blue auxiliary display element DEab 4 . 
     Comparing  FIG.  17    and  FIG.  18    to each other, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  For example, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be lower than the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.    
     In an embodiment, the number of first red auxiliary display elements DEar 1  per unit area may be different from the number of second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2  per unit area. For example, the number of first red auxiliary display elements DEar 1  per unit area may be less than the number of second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2  per unit area. Although descriptions above are of the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  and the second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , the descriptions may also apply to the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  and the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2  and to the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2 . 
     As such, the structures of the first conductive patterns  130   a  (refer to  FIG.  3   ) and the first transmission areas TA 1   a,  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the structures of the second conductive patterns  130   b  (refer to  FIG.  4   ) and the second transmission areas TA 2   a,  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.    
     In an embodiment, a first length l 1  of the (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  in one direction or a direction (for example, the y direction) may be greater than a second length l 2  of the (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2  in the one direction or in the direction. Although descriptions above are of the (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  and the (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2 , the descriptions may also apply to the (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1  and the (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2  and to the (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1  and the (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2 . 
       FIG.  19    is an enlarged schematic plan view illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   .  FIG.  19    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  17   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  19   , the resolution of the main area MA may be substantially the same as the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  For example, the number of red main display elements DEmr per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of first red auxiliary display elements DEar 1  per unit area. The number of green main display elements DEmg per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of first green auxiliary display elements DEag 1  per unit area. The number of blue main display elements DEmb per unit area may be substantially equal to the number of first blue auxiliary display elements DEab 1  per unit area. 
     In an embodiment, an emission area of the red main display element DEmr may be larger than an emission area of the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 . An emission area of the green main display element DEmg may be larger than an emission area of the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 . An emission area of the blue main display element DEmb may be larger than an emission area of the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1 . 
     Although the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  is substantially the same as the resolution of the main area MA, emission areas of auxiliary display elements (e.g., the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1 ) of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be reduced, and thus, the area of the first transmission area TA 1   a  may be increased. Accordingly, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be secured. 
       FIGS.  20  and  21    are enlarged schematic plan views illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   .  FIGS.  20  and  21    are modified embodiments of  FIGS.  17  and  18   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  20  and  21   , the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1 , arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  may be arranged in a delta arrangement structure. The second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2 , and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2 , arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a,  may be arranged in a delta arrangement structure. 
     In an embodiment, each of the auxiliary pixel circuits arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to one auxiliary display element arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  For example, as shown in  FIG.  20   , the (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to one first red auxiliary display element DEar 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.  The (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be connected, through a connection line TWL, to one first green auxiliary display element DEag 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a . The (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1  arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1  may be connected, through a connection line TWL, to one first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a.    
     In an embodiment, each of the auxiliary pixel circuits arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to two or more auxiliary display elements arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  For example, as shown in  FIG.  21   , the (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to three second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to three second green auxiliary display elements DEag 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2  arranged in the second intermediate area TRA 2  may be electrically connected, through a connection line TWL, to three second blue auxiliary display elements DEab 2  arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.    
     As such, the number of connection lines TWL overlapping the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be greater than the number of connection lines TWL overlapping the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The light transmittance of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  may be secured as auxiliary display elements (e.g., the second red auxiliary display elements DEar 2 , the second green auxiliary display elements DEag 2 , and the second blue auxiliary display elements DEab 2 ) share one auxiliary pixel circuit (e.g., the (2-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 2 , the (2-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 2 , and the (2-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 2 ). 
       FIGS.  22  and  23    are enlarged schematic plan views illustrating a portion of  FIG.  16   .  FIGS.  22  and  23    are modified embodiments of  FIGS.  17  and  18   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  22  and  23   , the first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , the first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and the first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1 , arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a,  may be arranged in a PENTILE® matrix structure. The second red auxiliary display element DEar 2 , the second green auxiliary display element DEag 2 , and the second blue auxiliary display element DEab 2 , arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a,  may be arranged in a stripe structure. 
     As such, the arrangement structure of auxiliary display elements arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the arrangement structure of auxiliary display elements arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  The resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.  As another example, the area of the first transmission area TA 1   a  of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the area of the second transmission area TA 2   a  of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a . As another example, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  may be different from the light transmittance of the second auxiliary area AA 2   a.    
       FIG.  24    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   b  according to an embodiment.  FIG.  24    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  16   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  24   , the display device  1   b  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   b , a first intermediate area TRA 1   b,  a second auxiliary area AA 2   b,  and a second intermediate area TRA 2   b.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   b  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   b  may not be apart from each other. The first intermediate area TRA 1   b  may be arranged on the left side of the first auxiliary area AA 1   b,  and the second intermediate area TRA 2   b  may be arranged on the right side of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   b  may correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  of  FIG.  16   , the first intermediate area TRA 1   b  may correspond to the first intermediate area TRA 1  of  FIG.  16   , the second auxiliary area AA 2   b  may correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  of  FIG.  16   , and the second intermediate area TRA 2   b  may correspond to the second intermediate area TRA 2  of  FIG.  16   . 
     In an embodiment, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  may be different from the resolution of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  For example, the resolution of the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  may be lower than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  In order to remove a diffraction difference according to the length of a wavelength as described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9    above, a first component  20   ab  and a second component  20   bb  arranged to respectively correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   b  may be adjusted. For example, the first component  20   ab  that receives light in an infrared wavelength band in which relatively large diffraction occurs may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   b.  The second component  20   bb  that receives light in a visible ray wavelength band in which relatively small diffraction occurs may be arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.    
     In an embodiment, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  may be different from the light transmittance of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  For example, the light transmittance of the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  may be higher than that of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  The first component  20   ab  and the second component  20   bb  arranged to respectively correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   b  may be adjusted. For example, because the first auxiliary area AA 1   b  has a relatively high light transmittance, the first component  20   ab  that receives light in a visible ray wavelength band having a relatively low transmittance may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   b.  Because the second auxiliary area AA 2   b  has a relatively low light transmittance, the second component  20   bb  that receives light in an infrared wavelength band having a relatively high transmittance may be arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.    
       FIG.  25    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   c  according to an embodiment.  FIG.  25    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  16   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  25   , the display device  1   c  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   c,  a first intermediate area TRA 1   c , a second auxiliary area AA 2   c,  and a second intermediate area TRA 2   c.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   c  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   c  may not be apart from each other. The first intermediate area TRA 1   c  may surround a portion of the first auxiliary area AA 1   c,  and the second intermediate area TRA 2   c  may surround a portion of the second auxiliary area AA 2   b.  Auxiliary areas may be partially surrounded by intermediate areas. The first auxiliary area AA 1   c  may correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  of  FIG.  16   , the first intermediate area TRA 1   c  may correspond to the first intermediate area TRA 1  of  FIG.  16   , the second auxiliary area AA 2   c  may correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  of  FIG.  16   , and the second intermediate area TRA 2   c  may correspond to the second intermediate area TRA 2  of  FIG.  16   . 
     The display device  1   c  may include a first component  20   ac  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   c  and a second component  20   bc  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   c.  As described above with reference to  FIG.  24   , types (or functions) of the first component  20   ac  and the second component  20   bc  may be selected by considering improvement in diffraction difference or improvement in transmittance. 
       FIG.  26    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   d  according to an embodiment.  FIG.  26    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  16   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  26   , the display device  1   d  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   d,  a first intermediate area TRA 1   d,  a second auxiliary area AA 2   d,  and a second intermediate area TRA 2   d.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   d  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   d  may not be apart from each other. The first intermediate area TRA 1   d  may surround the first auxiliary area AA 1   d , and the second intermediate area TRA 2   d  may surround the second auxiliary area AA 2   d . Auxiliary areas may be surrounded by intermediate areas. The first auxiliary area AA 1   d  may correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  of  FIG.  16   , the first intermediate area TRA 1   d  may correspond to the first intermediate area TRA 1  of  FIG.  16   , the second auxiliary area AA 2   d  may correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   a  of  FIG.  16   , and the second intermediate area TRA 2   d  may correspond to the second intermediate area TRA 2  of  FIG.  16   . 
     The display device  1   d  may include a first component  20   ad  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   d  and a second component  20   bd  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   d.  As described above with reference to  FIG.  24   , types (or functions) of the first component  20   ad  and the second component  20   bd  may be selected by considering improvement in diffraction difference or improvement in transmittance. 
       FIG.  27    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   e  according to an embodiment.  FIG.  27    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  16   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  27   , the display device  1   e  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   e,  a first intermediate area TRA 1   e,  a second auxiliary area AA 2   e,  a second intermediate area TRA 2   e,  a third auxiliary area AA 3   e,  and a third intermediate area TRA 3   e.  First intermediate areas TRA 1   e  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first auxiliary area AA 1   e,  second intermediate areas TRA 2   e  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the second auxiliary area AA 2   e,  and third intermediate areas TRA 3   e  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the third auxiliary area AA 3   e.  This is only an example, and the arrangement of the intermediate areas may be variously changed. 
     The display device  1   e  may include a first component  20   ae  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   e,  a second component  20   be  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   e,  and a third component  20   ce  arranged to correspond to the third auxiliary area AA 3   e.  As described above with reference to  FIG.  24   , types (or functions) of the first component  20   ae , the second component  20   be , and the third component  20   ce  may be selected by considering improvement in diffraction difference or improvement in transmittance. 
       FIG.  28    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device if according to an embodiment.  FIG.  28    is a modified embodiment of  FIG.  16   , and differences therebetween will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  28   , the display device  1   f  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   f,  a first intermediate area TRA 1   f,  a second auxiliary area AA 2   f,  a second intermediate area TRA 2   f , a third auxiliary area AA 3   f,  a third intermediate area TRA 3   f,  a fourth auxiliary area AA 4   f,  and a fourth intermediate area TRA 4   f.  First intermediate areas TRA 1   f  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the first auxiliary area AA 1   f,  a second intermediate area TRA 2   f  may be arranged on the left side of the second auxiliary area AA 2   f,  third intermediate areas TRA 3   f  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the third auxiliary area AA 3   f , and fourth intermediate areas TRA 4   f  may be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the fourth auxiliary area AA 4   f.  This is only an example, and the arrangement of the intermediate areas may be variously changed. 
     The display device if may include a first component  20   af  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   f,  a second component  20   bf  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   f,  a third component  20   cf  arranged to correspond to the third auxiliary area AA 3   f,  and a fourth component  20   df  arranged to correspond to the fourth auxiliary area AA 4   f . As described above with reference to  FIG.  24   , types (or functions) of the first component  20   af , the second component  20   bf , the third component  20   cf , and the fourth component  20   df  may be selected by considering improvement in diffraction difference or improvement in transmittance. For example, the first component  20   af  may be an infrared camera, the second component  20   bf  may be a flood illuminator, the third component  20   cf  may be a front camera, and the fourth component  20   df  may be a dot projector. The resolutions and/or light transmittances of the first auxiliary area AA 1   f,  the second auxiliary area AA 2   f,  the third auxiliary area AA 3   f,  and the fourth auxiliary area AA 4   f  may be different from one another. 
       FIG.  29    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   g  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  29   , the display device  1   g  may include a first auxiliary area AA 1   g,  a first intermediate area TRA 1   g,  and a second auxiliary area AA 2   g.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   g  may correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   a  of  FIG.  16   , the first intermediate area TRA 1   g  may correspond to the first intermediate area TRA 1  of  FIG.  16   , and the second auxiliary area AA 2   g  may correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2  of  FIG.  1   . 
     The display device  1   g  may include a first component  20   ag  arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   g  and a second component  20   bg  arranged to correspond to the second auxiliary area AA 2   g.  As described above with reference to  FIG.  24   , types (or functions) of the first component  20   ag  and the second component  20   bg  may be selected by considering improvement in diffraction difference or improvement in transmittance. 
       FIGS.  30  and  31    are enlarged schematic plan views illustrating a portion of  FIG.  29   . By way of example,  FIG.  30    illustrates portions of the main area MA, the first intermediate area TRA 1   g , and the first auxiliary area AA 1   g  in  FIG.  24   , and  FIG.  31    illustrates portions of the main area MA and the second auxiliary area AA 2   g  in  FIG.  24   . 
     First, referring to  FIG.  30   , a red main sub-pixel SPXmr, a green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and a blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may be arranged in the main area MA. A first red auxiliary display element DEar 1 , a first green auxiliary display element DEag 1 , and a first blue auxiliary display element DEab 1  may be arranged in the first auxiliary area AA 1   g.  A (1-1) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCar 1 , a (1-2) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCag 1 , a (1-3) th  auxiliary pixel circuit PCab 1 , a third red auxiliary sub-pixel SPXar 3 , a third green auxiliary sub-pixel SPXag 3 , and a third blue auxiliary sub-pixel SPXab 3  may be arranged in the first intermediate area TRA 1   g.  The structures of the sub-pixels shown in  FIG.  30    are the same as those shown in  FIG.  17   , and the description given above may be equally applied thereto. 
     Referring to  FIG.  31   , a red main sub-pixel SPXmr, a green main sub-pixel SPXmg, and a blue main sub-pixel SPXmb may be arranged in the main area MA. Second auxiliary pixels PXa 2   g  may be arranged in the second auxiliary area AA 2   g.  The second auxiliary area AA 2   g  may include a second transmission area TA 2   g.  The structure of the second auxiliary area AA 2   g  shown in  FIG.  31    is the same as that shown  FIG.  12   , and the description given above may be equally applied thereto. 
       FIG.  32    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   h  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  32   , the display device  1   h  may include a main area MA, an opening area OA, and an auxiliary area AA. The opening area OA and the auxiliary area AA may be at least partially surrounded by the main area MA. 
     Main pixels PXm may be arranged in the main area MA. The auxiliary area AA may include a transmission area TA and a pixel area PXA, and auxiliary pixels PXa may be arranged in the pixel area PXA. A component may be arranged to correspond to the auxiliary area AA. 
     The opening area OA may be an area in which pixels are not arranged and may be an area in which a component is arranged in the same manner as in the auxiliary area AA. For example, the opening area OA may be understood as a transmission area through which light and/or sound output from the component to the outside or traveling from the outside toward the component may pass. 
     Although not shown in  FIG.  32   , at least one dummy sub-pixel may be disposed between the opening area OA and the auxiliary area AA. The dummy sub-pixel does not actually emit light but may reduce a difference in resistance due to a difference in lengths of wiring lines that transmit electrical signals. The dummy sub-pixel may prevent a signal delay from occurring and thus prevent a luminance difference from occurring between a sub-pixel not arranged in a same row or column as the opening area OA and the auxiliary area AA and a sub-pixel arranged in a same row or column as the opening area OA and the auxiliary area AA. 
       FIG.  33    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   i  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  33   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  32    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  33   , the display device  1   i  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , and an auxiliary area AA. Each of the first opening area OA 1  and the second opening area OA 2  may be an area in which pixels are not arranged and may be an area in which a component is arranged in the same manner as in the auxiliary area AA. For example, the first opening area OA 1  and the second opening area OA 2  may be understood as transmission areas through which light and/or sound output from a component to the outside or traveling from the outside toward the component may pass. 
       FIG.  34    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   j  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  34   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  34   , unlike  FIG.  33    described above, the auxiliary area AA may be located between the first opening area OA 1  and the second opening area OA 2 . 
       FIG.  35    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   k  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  35   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  35   , the display device  1   k  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , a first auxiliary area AA 1   k,  and a second auxiliary area AA 2   k.  The first opening area OA 1 , the second opening area OA 2 , the first auxiliary area AA 1   k , and the second auxiliary area AA 2   k  may be sequentially positioned in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction). 
     The first auxiliary area AA 1   k  may include a first transmission area TA 1   k  and a first pixel area PXA 1   k,  and first auxiliary pixels PXa 1   k  may be arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1   k.  The second auxiliary area AA 2   k  may include a second transmission area TA 2   k  and a second pixel area PXA 2   k,  and second auxiliary pixels PXa 2   k  may be arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2   k.  Components may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   k  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   k,  respectively. 
       FIG.  36    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   l  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  36   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  36   , the display device  1   l,  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , a first auxiliary area AA 1   f,  and a second auxiliary area AA 2   l.  The first auxiliary area AA 1   l,  the second auxiliary area AA 2   l , the first opening area OA 1 , and the second opening area OA 2  may be sequentially arranged in the first direction (for example, the ±x direction). 
     The first auxiliary area AA 1   l  may include a first transmission area TA 1   l  and a first pixel area PXA 1   f,  and first auxiliary pixels PXa 1   l  may be arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1   l.  The second auxiliary area AA 2   l  may include a second transmission area TA 2   l  and a second pixel area PXA 2   l,  and second auxiliary pixels PXa 2   l  may be arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2   l.  Components may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   l  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   l,  respectively. 
       FIG.  37    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   m  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  37   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  37   , the display device  1   m  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , a first auxiliary area AA 1   m , and a second auxiliary area AA 2   m.  The first opening area OA 1  and the second opening area OA 2  may be arranged on the upper left side of the display device  1   m , and the first auxiliary area AA 1   m  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   m  may be arranged on the upper right side of the display device  1   m.    
     The first auxiliary area AA 1   m  may include a first transmission area TA 1   m  and a first pixel area PXA 1   m,  and first auxiliary pixels PXa 1   m  may be arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1   m.  The second auxiliary area AA 2   m  may include a second transmission area TA 2   m  and a second pixel area PXA 2   m,  and second auxiliary pixels PXa 2   m  may be arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2   m.  Components may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   m  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   m,  respectively. 
       FIG.  38    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device  1   n  according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  38   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  38   , the display device  1   n  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , and an auxiliary area AAn. The first opening area OA 1 , the second opening area OA 2 , and the auxiliary area AAn may be arranged on the upper left side of the display device  1   n.    
     The auxiliary area AAn may include a transmission area TAn and a pixel area PXAn, and auxiliary pixels PXan may be arranged in the pixel area PXAn. A component may be arranged to correspond to the auxiliary area AAn. 
       FIG.  39    is a schematic plan view illustrating a portion of a display device lo according to an embodiment. In  FIG.  39   , the same reference numerals as those of  FIG.  33    refer to the same members, and redundant descriptions thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  39   , the display device  1   o  may include a main area MA, a first opening area OA 1 , a second opening area OA 2 , a first auxiliary area AA 1   o,  and a second auxiliary area AA 2   o.  The first opening area OA 1 , the second opening area OA 2 , the first auxiliary area AA 1   o , and the second auxiliary area AA 2   o  may be arranged on the upper left side of the display device  1   o.    
     The first auxiliary area AA 1   o  may include a first transmission area TA 1   o  and a first pixel area PXA 1   o,  and first auxiliary pixels PXa 1   o  may be arranged in the first pixel area PXA 1   o.  The second auxiliary area AA 2   o  may include a second transmission area TA 2   o  and a second pixel area PXA 2   o,  and second auxiliary pixels PXa 2   o  may be arranged in the second pixel area PXA 2   o.  Components may be arranged to correspond to the first auxiliary area AA 1   o  and the second auxiliary area AA 2   o,  respectively. 
     Display devices have been described, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, a method of manufacturing the display devices is also included within the scope of the disclosure. 
     According to embodiments, a display device in which the function of a component, which is an electronic element, is not limited may be implemented. The scope of the disclosure, however, is not limited by these effects. 
     It should be understood that embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodiment should also be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other embodiments. While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the attached claims.