Patent Publication Number: US-7909209-B2

Title: Apparatus for hands-free dispensing of a measured quantity of material

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation application of prior application Ser. No. 10/549,712 filed Jun. 16, 2006 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,611,030, which claims the benefit of PCT application number PCT/US2004/007893 filed Mar. 16, 2004 and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/456,794 filed on Mar. 21, 2003, both of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates, in general, to devices that discharge a measured quantity of cleaning material in response to a physical input. Moreover, this invention relates to improvements in the operation of the dispenser to facilitate ease of use. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
     Dispensers, either wall-mounted or stand-alone, are used to hold a quantity of cleaning material, soap, or other disinfecting material. The dispenser is typically positioned near a source of water which is used with the cleaning material to clean the user&#39;s hands. When a user needs a quantity of cleaning material, they actuate a lever or a pump so that a quantity of material is dispensed into their hand. Typically, a predetermined amount is dispensed. This can be adjusted by shortening the pump or stroke so that a lesser amount of material is dispensed. 
     It will also be appreciated that if not enough material is dispensed, the user may actuate the lever additional times to get the amount needed. Additionally, if the container of material is empty, the user will actuate the lever additional times and exert excessive force in an attempt to “squeeze” out the last bits of cleaning material. This applies unnecessary stresses on the actuating lever and associated linkage and, after a period of time, can cause the dispenser to break. 
     There are various apparatuses that detect the presence of hands or other objects which need to be cleaned and initiate dispensing of water, but not in particular amounts. Examples of such devices are disclosed in the patents to: Yasuo, U.S. Pat. No. 5,243,717; Blackmon, U.S. Pat. No. 3,576,277; Davies, U.S. Pat. No. 4,606,085; Abert et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,946,070; Van Marcke, U.S. Pat. No. 5,086,526; Van Marcke, U.S. Pat. No. 5,217,035; Shaw, U.S. Pat. No. 5,625,908; Hirsch et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,829,072; and Van Marcke, U.S. Pat. No. 5,943,712. It is also known to provide devices with sensors which detect the hand position as it relates to the faucet and adjusts the temperature of the water accordingly. This is generally taught in the patents to Fait, U.S. Pat. No. 5,855,356; and the patent to Cretu-Petra, U.S. Pat. No. 5,868,311. It is also known to detect the presence of a device and initiate a timing sequence for dispensing materials when multiple users are present, as disclosed in the patent to Gauthier et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,966,753. 
     Various computer-type control devices may be used in the dispensing of materials such as shown in the patent to Pollack, U.S. Pat. No. 4,563,780, which discloses a programmable device used by various members of the family to store their water temperature preferences when washing their hands. 
     Although the above described dispensing devices are effective in their stated purpose, it is believed that the mechanisms used to dispense a known quantity of material still exert undue forces on the dispensing mechanism which causes the devices to prematurely wear. Moreover, users who are unfamiliar with the dispensing device may grab or mis-handle the dispensing device looking for a dispensing lever when such does not need to be done. It has been found that most, if not all, automatic dispensing devices do not provide an intuitive indication of where the users are to place their hands or the object to be cleaned so that a dispensed quantity of material may be deposited thereon. 
     A clear improvement in the aforementioned prior art is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,390,329. This patent discloses a hands-free dispensing device which utilizes a unique gearing mechanism to dispense a measured quantity of fluid material. In particular, the disclosed device utilizes an infrared object sensor which detects the presence of an object. Upon detection of this object a motorized pump actuator mechanism converts a motor shaft&#39;s rotatable motion into a linear motion which actuates a dispense mechanism which dispenses a predetermined amount of fluid in a location proximal to the detection zone of the object sensor. Although this device is a clear improvement in the art, it has been found lacking in several regards. First, proper installation of such a device is problematic inasmuch as the infrared sensor, if not properly positioned, will inadvertently actuate the dispensing mechanism and fluid material will accumulate in undesired locations. Additionally, the motorized mechanism does not positively stop at the end of a cycle and as such the gearing contained within the pump actuator mechanism may jam and/or cause the gearing to misalign. Additionally, it has been found that electrical interference between the various components controlling the dispenser and the object sensor may result in misactivation of the pumping mechanism. The device is also lacking in features which facilitate ease of use. 
     Therefore, it has become apparent that it is desirable to have an apparatus for dispensing a measured quantity of material which provides a positive braking mechanism to ensure proper operation of the dispenser. It is also desirable for this apparatus to be provided with a locating feature to properly install the device so as to preclude inadvertent actuations of the dispensing mechanism. And it is also desirable for the apparatus to be provided with various programming modes to accommodate different types of fluid material carried by refill containers and their associated dispensing mechanisms and also to accommodate for the allowance of multiple dosages to be dispensed in the appropriate environment. It is also desirable for the device to automatically turn-on after proper installation and to automatically shut down if excessive use is detected. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It has been found, therefore, that an apparatus for hands-free dispensing of measured quantities of fluid material can be provided which improves operation of the known hands-free fluid dispensing devices. In particular, initial positioning of the apparatus is facilitated by use of the object sensor such that prior to permanent installation of the apparatus and loading of the fluid material, the sensor indicates that the device is properly positioned for use. In other words, the infrared sensor sends out a test signal and if the apparatus is temporarily positioned in an undesirable location, indicia will turn off to indicate to the installer that this position is not appropriate. Accordingly, the installer will move the device to another position for location testing. If the lights turn on at this time, then the installer knows that this is an appropriate position for the infrared sensor and that installation of the device is proper in the position selected. Upon completion of the installation of the device the apparatus is loaded with a container of fluid material connected to a dispensing mechanism which deposits a measured quantity of material when the presence of an object is detected and without the user having to actuate a push bar or lever. 
     In the initial setup procedure of the dispensing apparatus, the installer may select among at least three different program modes. In the first program mode the user may activate or deactivate a plurality of LEDs or lighting indicia which instruct the end-user of the device as to the proper positioning of their hand or other object to be in a position to receive a dispensed quantity of fluid material. Accordingly, the installer may select whether to provide this lighting indicia or not. In a second program mode, the end-user may select a dosage size. For example, the installer may select one, two or three cycles of operation depending upon the nature of the installed environment. In a final programming mode, the installer may select the dispenser size for the type of fluid which is to be dispensed. It will be appreciated that the amount of fluid dispensed for lotions is different than the amount of fluid dispensed for soaps and the like. Accordingly, after conclusion of these various modes and installation of the designated fluid, the object sensor is enabled and an associated processor will calculate the amount of usage anticipated for that particular fluid dispensing device. Accordingly, upon reaching a predetermined use level, typically about 95%, an alert signal is generated to indicate to the user that the fluid material needs to be replaced. The calculated amount of usage may be reset upon replacement of the fluid container. 
     Other operational features of the apparatus include an auto-on sequence and an anti-vandal sequence. The auto-on sequence automatically turns the apparatus on after installation of fresh batteries and passage of a certain period of time. Or, the apparatus automatically turns on a period of time after the apparatus had been turned off. The anti-vandal feature automatically turns the apparatus off if the dispense mechanism is actuated excessively in a short period of time. 
     It will be appreciated that the apparatus may be provided with additional circuitry features to facilitate its operation. Accordingly, a control circuit with an overload circuit may be provided such that any detection of gear jamming or other malfunctions of the gearing mechanism will generate a signal that is received by a processor to stop operation of a motor that actuates a dispense mechanism and precludes any further damage to the apparatus. Yet another feature that may be provided by the control circuit of the fluid dispenser is a braking circuit which automatically turns the motor off at the end of a dispense cycle to prevent its coasting so as to ensure the proper positioning of the gears and related mechanisms. Still yet another feature of the apparatus is the separation of various components within the control circuit such that the infrared sensor which is used to detect the object is isolated from other circuitry components. Accordingly, this feature substantially minimizes false activations of the dispense mechanism so as to reduce unwanted usage. 
     Accordingly, use and operation of an apparatus for hands-free dispensing of a measured quantity of material, as described above, becomes the principal object of this invention with other objects thereof becoming more apparent upon a reading of the following brief specification considered and interpreted in view of the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a side elevational cross-sectional diagram of the apparatus; 
         FIG. 2  is a front perspective view of a pump actuator mechanism employed in the apparatus; 
         FIG. 3  is a top plan view of a spur gear employed in the pump actuator mechanism; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view, taken substantially along line  4 - 4  of  FIG. 3 , of the spur gear; 
         FIG. 5  is a bottom plan view of the spur gear employed in the pump actuator mechanism; 
         FIG. 6  is a rear perspective view of the spur gear; 
         FIG. 7  is a rear perspective view of the pump actuator mechanism; 
         FIG. 8  is a front perspective view of an actuator gear employed in the pump actuator mechanism; 
         FIG. 9  is a side elevational view of the actuator gear; 
         FIG. 10  is a bottom elevational view of the actuator gear; 
         FIG. 11  is an elevational view of a front panel of the apparatus; 
         FIG. 12  is an elevational view of alternative indicia configuration of the front panel; 
         FIGS. 13 and 13A  are an operational flow chart for the set up and programming mode steps utilized by the apparatus according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 14  is an operational flow chart for executing an anti-vandal feature of the apparatus; and 
         FIG. 15  is a schematic diagram of the control circuit employed by the apparatus of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1  depicts an apparatus or dispenser, generally designated by the numeral  10 , for dispensing a measured quantity of material as a result of hands-free actuation. The dispenser  10 , which may be a wall-mounted or a stand-alone device, includes a housing  14  having a back shell  16  mateable with a front shell  18 . In the preferred embodiment, the back shell  16  and the front shell  18  are connected by a hinge  20  at an underside of the dispenser  10 . If desired, the hinge mechanism may be placed on either side of the dispenser  10  or at its top. A key latch  22  is provided at the side opposite of the hinge  20  so as to hold the front shell  18  in a mated position with the back shell  16 . This encloses the device and precludes its access by unauthorized personnel. Although a key latch is shown, it will be appreciated that other mechanisms for latching the two shells  16  and  18  to one another may be employed. The shells  16  and  18  are preferably manufactured of a rigid plastic material which maintains its appearance, is easy to manufacture, and easily withstands day-to-day use. 
     A battery compartment, designated generally by the numeral  26 , is carried by an interior surface of the housing  14 . The battery compartment  26 , in the preferred embodiment, carries eight AA batteries. The batteries are employed to operate various features of the dispenser as will become apparent from the discussion below. Of course, other battery sizes and quantities could be employed. Alternatively, an AC power source or the like could be used. 
     A dispense mechanism, which is generally designated by the numeral  28 , is carried by a plate  29 . The hinge  20  carries the plate  29  such that when the front shell  18  is opened, the dispense mechanism  28  remains supported by the plate  29 . The dispense mechanism  28  may be one commonly available in the art or, in the preferred embodiment, is like the one disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/397,314 filed on Sep. 16, 1999, and which is assigned to the Assignee of the present invention and which is incorporated herein by reference. The dispense mechanism  28  incorporates a pump dome valve  32  which, when pressed, dispenses a measured quantity of fluid material carried by a fluid material container  36 . Of course, other valve mechanisms could be used to dispense fluid. The dispense mechanism  28  is coupled to the container  36  via a connector  37 . The container  36  is a replaceable unit as is well known in the art. When the pump dome valve  32  is actuated, the material is dispensed via a nozzle  34  through an opening  38  in a bottom portion of the front shell  18  into the user&#39;s hand, as will be described in detail below. The fluid material container  36  may contain soap, disinfectant, or other fluid material that is dispensable through the pump mechanism  28 . Ideally, the container  36  will carry 1,000 mL of fluid material product. The dispense mechanism  28  typically deposits or dispenses 1.5 mL of product per cycle. Of course, the container  36  may be different sizes. And the dispense mechanism may dispense different quantities. 
     A pump actuator mechanism, which is generally shown in  FIG. 1  and which is shown in detail in  FIGS. 2-10 , and generally designated by the numeral  40 , includes an infrared sensor  42 . The infrared sensor is positioned at an area near the opening  38  of where the dispense mechanism  30  deposits the material. The infrared sensor, which includes an emitter and receiver, detects the presence of an object, such as a user&#39;s hand or other object to be cleaned, and cycles the pump actuator mechanism  40  to dispense a measured quantity of fluid material. Of course, other commercially available sensors which detect the presence of an object, without direct physical contact, and generate a corresponding actuation signal may be employed in the present invention. 
     The pump actuator mechanism  40  is carried in an assembly housing  46  which is replaceably mounted to the interior of the front shell  18  such that when the front shell is hingedly opened, the assembly housing  46  moves in a like manner. Carried in the assembly housing  46  is a motor  48  which is powered by the batteries carried in the battery compartment  26 . The motor has a rotatable shaft  50  extending therefrom with a worm gear  52  at one end. The worm gear  52  operatively drives a differential gear assembly  54  in a manner well known in the art. Briefly, the purpose of the differential gear assembly is to significantly reduce the speed of the motor output so that the dispensing of the material can be easily controlled. Alternatives for imparting a force to the differential gear assembly could be provided by a piston or solenoid configuration. 
     The differential gear assembly  54  converts the initial high-speed rotation of the motor shaft to a more manageable rotational speed that can then be converted into a linear motion that repeatably engages the dispense mechanism  30 . The differential gear assembly  54  includes three spur gears  56 ,  58 , and  60 . The worm gear  52  contacts a plurality of outer teeth  62  of the first spur gear  56 . The spur gear  56  also includes a plurality of inner teeth  64  that mesh with a plurality of outer teeth  66  extending from the periphery of the second spur gear  58 . In a like manner, a plurality of inner teeth  68  of the spur gear  58  engage a plurality of outer teeth  70  of the spur gear  60 . As those skilled in the art will appreciate the rotational velocity of the spur gear  60  is significantly reduced by the interconnecting gears  56  and  58 . 
     As best seen in FIGS.  1  and  3 - 6 , the spur gear  60  includes a plate  74  with radially disposed slots  76  extending therethrough and positioned in about 120° increments. It will be appreciated that the number of slots and their position can be varied as needed. Extending from the plate  74  in one direction is a hub  80  from which further extends a nub  82 . The nub  82  is received in an indentation  83  in one side of the assembly housing  46  so as to rotatably receive and align the gear  60 . This assists in the uniform and efficient rotation of the gear  60  which, in turn, ensures the effective operation of the mechanism  40 . 
     An axial stem  86  may concentrically extend from a bottom surface of the hub  80  toward the plate  74 . Disposed between an interior wall of the hub  80  and the axial stem  86  is a hub cam, generally designated by the numeral  90 . The hub cam  90  is concentrically disposed around the stem  86 . 
     The hub cam  90  includes a plurality of hub ramps  92 , wherein each hub ramp is provided with an alphabetic suffix designation (a, b, or c in the drawings). Although three hub ramps  92  are shown, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that one, two, or more ramps may be provided, depending upon the desired pumping action. The hub ramps  92  are essentially identical in construction and their various features are also provided with a corresponding alphabetic designation. Each hub ramp  92  includes an outer wall  94  which is concentrically adjacent the interior wall of the hub  80 , and an inner wall  96  which is concentrically adjacent the axial stem  86 . The outer walls may be integral with the interior hub wall, or they may be spaced apart from the wall, as shown. Likewise, the inner walls may be spaced apart from the axial stem, or they may be integral, as shown. The outer wall  94  and the inner wall  96  are connected at one end by a trailing wall  98  and at the opposite end by a leading wall  100 . Each of these walls— 94 ,  96 ,  98 , and  100 —are connected by a cam surface  102  which angularly extends from the trailing wall  98  to the leading wall  100 . The leading wall  100  is of minimal height at the bottom of the hub. The cam surface  102  rises up from the leading wall  100  and extends to the trailing wall  98 . The top of the trailing is at about a mid-point position between the bottom of the hub  80  and the plate  74 . 
     In order to convert the rotational motion of the motor shaft  50 , an actuator gear, generally designated by the numeral  110 , is slidably received within the hub  80 . The actuator gear  110  is also slidably captured within the housing  46 , as seen in  FIG. 7 . Accordingly, the actuator gear  110  is moveable into and out from the assembly housing to actuate the dispense mechanism  30 . 
     The actuator gear  110 , as best seen in  FIGS. 8-10 , includes a sleeve  116  which has a partially enclosed end  118  with a hole  120  therethrough. The hole  120  slidably fits over the axial stem  86  for alignment and positioning purposes. Opposite the partially closed end, the sleeve has a rim  124  that forms an open end  122 . Extending outwardly from the partially closed end  118  is a sleeve cam  126  which coacts with the hub cam  90 . The sleeve cam  126  includes a plurality of sleeve ramps  130  which have alphabetic suffix designations for each of the ramps provided. The number of ramps provided correspond to the number of ramps provided by the hub cam  90 . Each sleeve ramp  130  includes an outer wall  132  and an inner wall  134 . The outer and inner wall are joined by a leading wall  136  and a trailing wall  138 . Each ramp  130  provides a cam surface  140  that interconnects the outer, inner, leading, and trailing walls. 
     Initially, the actuator gear  110  is primarily received within the hub  80 . Accordingly, the trailing walls  98  align with the leading walls  136  in a resting position. When the sensor  42  detects an object and initiates the pump actuator mechanism  40 , the gear  60  rotates and the camming action upon the actuator gear  110  is initiated. As this happens, the rim  124  moves axially outwardly from the plate  74  and compresses the dome valve  32 . This continues until the trailing walls  98  are aligned with the trailing walls  138 . At which time, due to the resiliency of the pump dome valve  32 , the actuator gear  110  falls back into the hub and the rim  124  returns to its original position. Alternatively, instead of relying on the resiliency of the dome, the actuator gear could be returned to its initial position by use of additional gearing or by spring biasing. In any event, reciprocating motion of the actuator gear  110  cycles the dispense mechanism  30 . 
     In order to maintain alignment and to hold the actuator gear  110  within the housing, the sleeve  116  includes a pair of opposed flats  144 . Each flat  144  extends from the rim  122  to a stop plate  146 . The housing  46  has a rounded-slot  148  that slidably receives a portion of the actuator gear  110 . In particular, the flats  144  extend through the slot  148 , while the interior of the housing  46  bears against the stop plates  146  when the gear  110  is fully extended. This precludes the actuator gear  110  from falling out of the housing and ensures that the actuator gear  110  remains in place and is returnable to a starting position to initiate additional operating cycles. 
     A sensor  151  is provided in the assembly housing  46  and is alignable with the slots  76  and the plate  74 . Accordingly, as the sensor  151  detects the passing of the slot  76 , the sensor instructs the motor to stop rotation. This ensures that only one actuating of the dispensing mechanism occurs for each detection of a hand or object to be cleaned underneath the sensor  42 . Of course, the sensor  151  could be situated or programmed to allow for passage of two or more slots  76  to allow for multiple cycling of the dispense mechanism  30 . The sensor  151  could be an infrared type that detects interruption of an infrared beam. A magnetic proximity switch or a monitored timer could also be used to detect gear position. 
     The pump actuator mechanism  40  includes a control circuit  152  which utilizes the power generated from the batteries to illuminate a series of light emitting diodes  156 ,  158 , and  160  that are viewable through a panel  162  on the front shell  16 . The panel, as seen in  FIG. 11 , is provided with indicia adjacent the LEDs to assist the user. In the preferred embodiment, the panel provides downwardly pointing triangles  163 . These LEDs may be any color but are preferably green in color and may be sequenced to illuminate in a manner which indicates the direction in which the user must place their hand to activate the sensor  42 . For example, the top LED  156  is illuminated first and then followed in rapid succession by LEDs  158  and  160 . After a predetermined delay, the lighting sequence starts over. Moreover, other shapes or combinations of dissimilar shapes could be used in place of the triangles  163 . See, for example,  FIG. 12 . Although three LEDs are shown, it will be appreciated that two or more LEDs may be provided. Also provided in a viewable area of the front shell is a low battery indicia LED  164  which, when illuminated, indicates that the batteries are running low. A low fluid indicia LED  165  is illuminated when a calculation performed by the control circuit  152  determines that the container  36  needs to be replaced. The LEDs  164  and  165  may be any color, but preferably they are red and yellow, respectively. 
     Also provided in an area near the LEDs is a “smart” or hidden switch  168 . Location of this switch is typically only known by housekeeping personnel and is depressed so as to disable the sensor  42  for a predetermined time period, e.g., one minute. This allows the housekeeping personnel to clean underneath the dispenser without activating the dispensing mechanism during that time. Opening of the front shell  18  also removes the coupling between the pump actuator mechanism  40  and the dispense mechanism  28 . In this position, actuation of the sensor  42  will not cause inadvertent dispensing of material. 
     Other features which may be added to the dispenser are timing mechanisms which emit an audible tone when the dispenser is cycled. A 20-second timer then emits another tone to indicate that a washing event may be completed. Also, the dispenser may be provided with an AC adapter so as to eliminate the need for battery power. Yet another feature of the present invention is that a malfunctioning pump actuator mechanism or dispense mechanism may be easily replaced by opening the front shell and removing the appropriate fasteners and then installing a new unit. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 13 and 13A , installation, programming and use of the dispenser  10  is described in detail. It will be appreciated that an operational procedure  200  includes an installation procedure designated generally by the numeral  202 , a program procedure generally indicated by the numeral  204 , and a refill replacement procedure generally indicated by the numeral  219 . Implementation of the procedures  202 ,  204 , and  219  are facilitated by operation of the control circuit  152 , the components of which will be described in detail below. In any event, the installation procedure  202  starts at step  206  wherein the installer will connect an appropriate power source to the control circuit  152  at step  206 . This may include the installation of batteries into the battery compartment  26  or connection of a power supply in the event batteries are not utilized. At step  208  the sensor  42  is automatically enabled and functions as previously described and the LEDs  156 - 160 , or other signaling mechanism begin to flash repeatedly. Of course other indicators of proper positioning could be employed such as auditory signals, vibrations, indicia on a liquid crystal display, utilizing a different sequencing of lights to name just a few. 
     At step  210 , prior to loading a container of fluid, the installer positions the housing  14  in a preferred location. Typically this location will be near a sink if the dispenser is used to dispense soap. However, the dispenser may be positioned elsewhere in convenient locations such as in a restaurant, hospital or other facility where sanitizing lotions are to be dispensed or, in the alternative, where moisturizing lotions are to be dispensed. In any event, the positioning of the housing  210  is critical inasmuch as the sensor needs to be positioned in an area where it is not inadvertently triggered. If such an event were to occur, the fluid contained within the dispenser would be dispensed without anyone to collect the dispensed material. Accordingly, if the infrared sensor falsely detects the presence of an object when in fact no object is present its material may be automatically dispensed resulting in waste and a mess. When the infrared sensor is placed in a preliminary position and if the infrared sensor detects an object when in fact the installer knows that object is not a proper object to actuate the dispenser, then the plurality of LEDs, such as the LEDs  156 ,  158  and  160 , will stop flashing repeatedly at step  212 . If this occurs, the installer will then know to re-position the housing at step  210 . This repositioning step is repeated until the LEDs flash repeatedly. When the LEDs flash repeatedly the sensor is in a position to detect an object that is specifically placed in the zone of receiving a dispensed fluid. At step  214 , the installer permanently secures the housing in a position where the LEDs are flashing. 
     Various operational features may be implemented upon installation of the dispensing device. In order to implement these operational features, the smart or hidden button  168  is actuated at step  216 . The control circuit then monitors the smart button to determine if it is held or released at step  218 . If the button is held, then the process continues with the program procedure  204 . If the button is released, then the process continues with the replacement procedure designated generally by step  219 . 
     In the program procedure  204 , at step  224  the installer may select from three program modes. These modes are preferably selected by pushing and holding the button on. But the control circuit could be configured so that other button inputs could be used to enter into the three program modes directly. 
     In a first mode, at step  226 , the installer is allowed to select dosage sizes of one, two or three cycles at step  228 . This is done by repeatedly pressing the smart button once until the number of cycles (1, 2 or 3) is selected. An indication of the number of cycles may be provided by lighting the LEDs in a predetermined pattern. This could also be done by displaying a number indicia or by a verbal annunciation generated by a speaker connected to the control circuit. This allows the installer to properly size the amount of fluid to be dispensed depending upon the location of the unit. For example, a preschool installation would only require a one cycle dispensing to take place. In contrast, a garage or factory setting would typically require a three cycle dispensing operation to take place in view of the large amount of soap typically required to clean hands in such an environment. An in-between two cycle selection may also be provided. Although only three cycles of operation are allowed for selection in the preferred embodiment it will be appreciated that any number of dispensing cycles may be programmed. Upon completion of step  228  the process may continue to the exit program mode at step  238 , but it is preferred that the program sequence continue by pushing and holding the smart button again so as to enter mode  2 . 
     If mode  2  is selected, at step  230 , the installer is allowed to select the dispenser size at step  232 . The dispenser size  232  is associated with the type of material to be installed in the dispensing unit. Typically 1.0 ml of fluid is dispensed if the fluid is a moisturizer. Alternatively, 1.25 ml may be dispensed if the fluid is a sanitizer. And, 1.5 ml of fluid is dispensed if the fluid is a soap. The dispenser size is selected by repeatedly pressing and releasing the smart button. Upon selection of the dispenser size the program may continue to the exit program mode at step  238 , but it is preferred the program sequence continue by pushing and holding the smart button so as to enter mode  3 . 
     In mode  3 , performed at step  234 , the installer will select whether to turn on or off the directional LEDs at step  236 . This is done by repeatedly pressing the smart button once until the illumination mode is selected—flashing drops or not—. As with the other modes, visual or audible communications could be used to confirm the lighting mode. The directional LEDs are utilized to indicate to the end-user where to place their hand or other object which is to receive the dispensed fluid. Accordingly, if it is desired to extend battery life by not illuminating the directional LEDs, they may be turned off. Or, if the end-user desires to have the LEDs turned on, for example, in a preschool environment to ensure that the dispensing device is properly used, then the LEDs may be turned on. Upon completion of step  236 , the program proceeds to the exit program step at step  238 . 
     If at step  218  the installer selects the replacement sequence  219 , the control circuit proceeds to step  240 . At step  240 , the control circuit is momentarily placed in the off condition when the button is released and a timer is activated. The timer is set for a predetermined period of time such as five minutes although other time periods could be utilized. Next, at step  241 , the control circuit awaits actuation and holding of the button for a predetermined period of time such as five seconds, which could be longer or shorter, and then awaits the release of the smart button. Once the button is released, the process proceeds to step  242  and the infrared sensor is disabled. At step  244  the installer is allowed to open the container and remove the depleted refill container if one is needed to be emptied and has the appropriate time to install a new refill container. The housing is then closed and then at step  245  the controller awaits actuation of the smart button or elapsing of the timer. If the timer has not expired the control circuit repeats step  245  until such time the smart button is actuated or the timer is expired. Once either of these events occurs then the process continues to step  246  and the sensor is enabled. Next, at step  247 , an estimated number of cycles is calculated based upon the dose cycle selected at step  228  and the dispenser size selected at step  232 . It will be appreciated that the dispenser is shipped with default settings for one cycle and 1.25 milliliter output. It will further be appreciated that if the settings are changed at any time that the amount of usage needed to deplete the container is updated accordingly. Also at this time at step  248  the refill indicator is reset so as to not be illuminated and then at step  249  the control circuit continuously monitors the usage and illuminates the refill indicator at the time of five percent remaining material based upon the calculated usage. Of course, other alert signals could be incorporated so as to make final warnings at one percent usage remaining or at other appropriate values. Use of the timer ensures that the device is enabled in the event that the installer forgets to press the smart button after replacement of the refill container. Or if the installer does not complete the replacement steps or in the event the smart button is accidentally actuated without entering the program mode or the refill replacement mode. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 14  it can be seen that an anti-vandal procedure of the dispenser is designated generally by the numeral  250 . Briefly, the anti-vandal feature prevents excessive use in a short period of time by shutting down the dispenser. Initially, at step  252  the dispenser is enabled and the controller provides periodic monitoring. At step  254 , the control circuit starts a timer at an initial dispense cycle and sets a counter equal to one. At step  256  the control circuit determines as to whether the timer has expired or not. If the timer has expired then the count is returned to zero at step  258  and the process returns to the monitoring step  252 . If, however, at step  256  the timer has not expired the dispenser is again monitored at step  260 . At step  262 , the process inquires as to whether there has been another dispense event. If not, the process proceeds to step  256  to determine if the timer has expired yet or not. If, however, at step  262  it is determined that a dispense event has occurred then the count is increased by one at step  264 . Following this, at step  266 , the controller checks the count to determine whether a predetermined number of cycles have been executed. In the preferred embodiment, this number of cycles is five within the predetermined period of time, although a different value could be used. If the count is not equal to that predetermined number at step  266 , then the process returns to step  256  to check on the status of the timer. If, however, at step  266  it is determined that the count is equal to the predetermined number of counts, then the dispenser, at step  268 , is disabled for a predetermined period of time, preferably 45 seconds, although other time periods could be used. Upon completion of step  268  the processor returns to step  258  and the count is reset to zero and then to step  252  to enable operation of the dispenser. It will be appreciated that in certain environments dispensers are depleted of their fluids by unscrupulous individuals and this feature prevents that from happening. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 15 , it can be seen that the control circuit utilized for implementing the aforementioned procedures is generally indicated by the numeral  152 . The control circuit  152  includes a sensor circuit designated generally by the numeral  300  and a systems circuit designated generally by the numeral  302 . The sensor circuit  300  includes primarily just the infrared sensor  42  for reasons which will become apparent as the description proceeds. 
     The system circuit  302  includes the smart/hidden switch  168 , the light emitting diodes  156 - 165 , an overload circuit  304  and a processor  306 . Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the processor  306  includes the necessary timers, hardware, software and memory required to implement the aforementioned programming procedures and generally operate the components associated with the dispenser  10 . Both the sensor circuit  300  and the overload circuit  304  include a respective backplane shield  310  and backplane shield  312  as indicated so as to isolate any radio frequency signals that may inadvertently activate the infrared sensor  42 . In other words, it has been determined that the dispenser operates much more efficiently by separating out the circuit components associated with the sensor  42  from the other components associated with the control circuit  152 . Although the sensor circuit  300  still communicates with the processor  306  for operational implementation it is isolated as much as possible to preclude interference from the system circuit  302  that may adversely trigger actuation of the sensor and thus cause an unwanted dispensing event. An audio device  320  and a liquid crystal display (LCD)  322  or other equivalent display may also be connected to the processor  306  for the purpose of displaying or announcing information related to the programming and operational status of the apparatus. 
     The system circuit  302  includes an overload circuit  304  which requires a logic level pulse to start the operation of the motor contained within the pump actuator  40 . When the motor is running, diodes D 10 A and D 10 B measure the voltage drop across the driving MOSFET Q 3 . If the voltage drop exceeds a predetermined value such as 0.5 volt, an overload signal is generated by turning transistor Q 16  on. In the present instance, the overload signal is operatively received by the processor  306 . Once the processor  306  detects the overload signal, the processor generates a signal to turn the pump actuator  40  and thus the dispense mechanism  28  off and alerts the end-user by flashing a red light emitting diode selected from one of the LEDs  156 - 165 . Accordingly, the overload circuit functions to detect jamming or other problems associated with the pump actuator or dispense mechanism and provides for indicating such problems to the processor which relays a system problem to the end-user. Accordingly, fluid is not dispensed and problems associated therewith are averted. 
     Yet another feature of the control circuit  152  is the utilization of a brake circuit which quickly stops the rotation of the electric motor shaft provided by the pump actuator  40 . It will be appreciated that upon normal actuation of the motor it cycles through an operation and although an enabling signal is withdrawn from the motor, the motor shaft may continue to rotate a minimal amount. Over a period of time these additional movements of the motor shaft may cause gears within the pump actuator  40  to jam and cause related problems. Additionally, these over rotations may increase the number of dispense cycles and result in a miscalculation of the number of dispensing cycles which in turn causes the low level indicator to activate prematurely. Alternatively, output from the sensor  151 , which is preferably an opto-isolator may be used to initiate brake input. In any event, the brake circuit is intended to quickly stop and prevent the over-rotation of the electric motor shaft. In order to initiate the braking process a logic level pulse on the brake input line associated with the ground of MOSFET Q 2  is utilized. When this input is received, the MOSFET Q 2  is activated initiating the brake by connecting the motor drive and brake output terminal to ground, effectively braking the motor to a stop. Accordingly, upon receipt of the braking signal the motor is positively stopped at a precise location so as to preclude jamming or other problems associated with over-rotation of the motor shaft. 
     It is apparent then from the above description of the structure and operation of the dispenser  10  that the problems and shortcomings associated with previous dispensing mechanisms have been overcome. In particular, the dispenser  10  now provides a device which provides programming features that facilitate the dispensing of different types of fluids and allows for different dosage of fluids to be dispensed. Additionally, the control circuit  152  has been improved to preclude unwanted activations of the dispensing device. Further misactivations are prevented by isolating the infrared sensor from most all other circuitry associated with the device. The device is also provided with an anti-vandal feature that prevents an excessive number of uses in a short period of time. An auto-on feature is also provided to turn the device on if it is accidentally turned-off. Additionally, the present invention provides for an installation procedure which indicates to the installer a preferred location of the dispensing mechanism so as to preclude inadvertent dispensing events. Circuitry improvements are also disclosed which facilitate the effective operation of the dispensing mechanism. 
     While a full and complete description of the invention has been set forth in accordance with the dictates of the Patent Statutes, it should be understood that modifications can be resorted to without departing from the spirit hereof or the scope of the appended claims. 
     For example, the invention has been described in the context of a dispensing mechanism for cleaning hands. However, it is apparent that the structure and operational methods of the apparatus could easily be adapted for dispensing any type of fluid material that is initiated or cycled by actuation of a touchless sensor.