Patent Publication Number: US-2022226877-A1

Title: Roll-forming machine and method for roll-forming

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART 
     The present invention relates to a roll-forming machine according to the preamble of claim  1  and a method according to the preamble of claim  8 . 
     The roll-forming machine of the present invention is to be used for roll-forming a flat sheet metal strip into a hat beam which has a profile that varies along its length and which has a central flange, first and second side flanges on opposite sides of the central flange, a first web extending between the central flange and the first side flange and a second web extending between the central flange and the second side flange. A roll-forming machine for roll-forming a flat sheet metal strip into such a hat beam is previously known from WO 2007/008152 A1. 
     OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 
     The object of the present invention is to achieve a further development of a roll-forming machine of the above-mentioned type so as to provide a roll-forming machine that is improved in at least some aspect. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is achieved by means of a roll-forming machine having the features defined in claim  1 . 
     The roll-forming machine of the present invention comprises several forming stations for successively roll-forming a flat sheet metal strip into a hat beam of the above-mentioned type, wherein each forming station comprises a first pair of clamping rollers for clamping one of the side flanges and a second pair of clamping rollers for clamping the central flange, the first and second pairs of clamping rollers being configured to fold one of the webs in relation to the associated side flange over a first peripheral folding edge on a clamping roller included in the first pair of clamping rollers and in relation to the central flange over a second peripheral folding edge on a clamping roller included in the second pair of clamping rollers. According to the invention, the clamping rollers of the second pair of clamping rollers are configured to be individually displaceable during a forming operation upwards and downwards in vertical direction and horizontally forwards and backwards as seen in the intended feeding direction of the sheet metal strip through the forming stations, wherein the displacement of the clamping rollers of the second pair of clamping rollers during a forming operation is controlled by means of an electronic control device in such a manner that a plane that goes through the centre axes of both clamping rollers of the second pair of clamping rollers is always maintained perpendicular to the part of the central flange received in the nip between these clamping rollers. 
     The roll-forming machine of the invention is particularly designed to be used for forming hat beams where each side flange is flat and extends straightly and where the vertical distance between the central flange and the side flanges varies along the length of the hat beam so that the central flange has a curvature or inclination as seen in a longitudinal section through the central flange. Such hat beams may for instance have a design of the type illustrated in  FIGS. 1 a -1 c   , where a part of the central flange bulges inwards, or a design of the type illustrated in  FIGS. 2 a -2 c   , where a part of the central flange bulges outwards. The above-mentioned displaceability of the clamping rollers of the second pair of clamping rollers during a forming operation upwards and downwards in vertical direction and horizontally forwards and backwards as seen in the feeding direction implies that it will be possible to adapt the positions of these clamping rollers in dependence on the curvature or inclination of the central flange in such a manner that the plane that goes through the centre axes of both of these clamping rollers is always maintained perpendicular to the part of the central flange received in the nip between these clamping rollers. Hereby, no undesired bending stresses will be induced in the central flange when a vertically curved or inclined part of the central flange is passing between the two clamping rollers in question. 
     Furthermore, by keeping the central flange clamped between two clamping rollers, a roll-forming machine of the present invention can be used for roll-forming a hat beam where the width of the central flange is relatively small, as will be explained in closer detail in the description following below. 
     Further advantageous features of the roll-forming machine according to the present invention will appear from the description following below and the dependent claims. 
     The invention also relates to a method having the features defined in claim  8 . 
     Further advantageous features of the method according to the present invention will appear from the description following below and the dependent claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will in the following be more closely described by means of embodiment examples, with reference to the appended drawings. In the drawings: 
         FIG. 1 a    is a perspective view of a hat beam according to a first variant, 
         FIG. 1 b    is a front view of the hat beam of  FIG. 1   a,    
         FIG. 1 c    is a lateral view of the hat beam of  FIG. 1   a,    
         FIG. 2 a    is a perspective view of a hat beam according to another variant, 
         FIG. 2 b    is a front view of the hat beam of  FIG. 2   a,    
         FIG. 2 c    is a lateral view of the hat beam of  FIG. 2   a,    
         FIG. 3  is a planar view of a flat sheet metal strip with illustrated fold lines to be used for producing the hat beam of  FIGS. 1 a   - 1   c,    
         FIG. 4  is a planar view of a flat sheet metal strip with illustrated fold lines to be used for producing the hat beam of  FIGS. 2 a   - 2   c,    
         FIG. 5  illustrates consecutive steps for roll-forming the hat beam of  FIGS. 1 a -1 c   , as seen in a cross-section at an end of the hat beam where it has its maximum height, 
         FIG. 6  illustrates consecutive steps for roll-forming the hat beam of  FIGS. 1 a -1 c   , as seen in a cross-section at the middle of the hat beam where it has its minimum height. 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic illustration of one of the forming stations included in a roll-forming machine according to the present invention, 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic perspective view of the forming station of  FIG. 7 , 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic planar view from above of the forming station of  FIG. 7 , 
         FIGS. 10 a -10 c    are schematic lateral views of the forming station of  FIG. 7 , as seen with the clamping rollers of the second pair of clamping rollers in different mutual positions, 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic illustration of the final forming station of a roll-forming machine according to the invention, and 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic perspective view of a number of consecutive forming stations of a roll-forming machine according to the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 
     The roll-forming machine of the present invention is particularly intended to be used for roll-forming a flat sheet metal strip into a hat beam  1 ,  1 ′ which has a U-shaped cross-sectional shape that varies along the length of the hat beam, wherein the hat beam  1 ,  1 ′ has a central flange  2 , first and second side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  on opposite sides of the central flange  2 , a first web  4   a  extending between the central flange  2  and the first side flange  3   a  and a second web  4   b  extending between the central flange  2  and the second side flange  3   b.    
     The side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  of the illustrated hat beams  1 ,  1 ′ are flat and straight and located in plane with each other, wherein the vertical distance between the central flange  2  and the side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  varies along the length of the hat beam such that the central flange  2  has a curvature as seen in a longitudinal section through the central flange. In the illustrated examples, the width of the central flange  2  is constant throughout the length of the hat beam  1 ,  1 ′. However, the roll-forming machine of the present invention may of course also be configured to form hat beams with other designs than here illustrated. For example, the forming stations of the roll-forming machine may as an alternative be configured to form a hat beam with side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  which are slightly V-shaped as seen in a cross-section through the hat beam or which have another nonplanar design. As a further alternative, the roll-forming machine of the invention may also be configured to form a hat beam with a central flange  2  which has a width that varies along the length of the hat beam. Furthermore, the distance between the central flange  2  and the side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  may vary along the length of the hat beam in any other desired manner than here illustrated, and it is of course also possible that this distance is not the same at one end of the hat beam as at the other end thereof. 
     The hat beam  1  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 a -1 c    has a section  6  at the middle of the hat beam, as seen in the longitudinal direction thereof, where the central flange  2  bulges inwards, i.e. where the hat beam has a reduced height as compared to the height at the end sections  7 ,  8  of the hat beam. This hat beam  1  is formed from a plane sheet metal strip  5  which before the roll-forming thereof has been cut to the shape illustrated in  FIG. 3 , either by means of edge cutters (not shown) included in the roll-forming machine or by means of edge cutters included in a separate cutting unit. In order to transform this plane sheet metal strip  5  into the hat beam  1  illustrated in  FIGS. 1 a -1 c   , the sheet metal strip is subjected to a number of consecutive forming steps in a number of forming stations of the roll-forming machine, wherein the forming stations fold the sheet metal strip  5  along the fold lines F 1 -F 4  illustrated by broken lines in  FIG. 3 . Each web  4   a ,  4   b  is folded in relation to the central flange  2  and the associated side flange  3   a ,  3   b  in several forming steps S 1 -S 11  effected by different forming stations, where the angle of each folded corner C 1 -C 4  on the sheet metal strip  5  is changed to equal degrees in each forming step, as illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 6 .  FIG. 5  illustrates the different forming steps at an end section  7 ,  8  of the hat beam  1  where it has its maximum height, and  FIG. 6  illustrates the different forming steps at the middle of the hat beam  1  where it has its minimum height. In the roll-forming machine described below, each side flange  3   a ,  3   b  is maintained at a constant height in one and the same horizontal plane, whereas the vertical position of the central flange  2  is varied, as the sheet metal strip  5  is moved in its longitudinal direction through the different forming stations of the roll-forming machine. However, for the sake of clarity, the central flange  2  is shown at a constant vertical position and the side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  are shown at different vertical positions in the different forming steps S 1 -S 11  illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     The hat beam  1 ′ illustrated in  FIGS. 2 a -2 c    has a section  6 ′ at the middle of the hat beam, as seen in the longitudinal direction thereof, where the central flange  2  bulges outwards, i.e. where the hat beam has an increased height as compared to the height at the end sections  7 ′,  8 ′ of the hat beam. This hat beam  1 ′ is formed from a plane sheet metal strip  5 ′, which before the roll-forming thereof has been cut to the shape illustrated in  FIG. 4 . In order to transform this plane sheet metal strip  5 ′ into the hat beam  1 ′ illustrated in  FIGS. 2 a -2 c   , the sheet metal strip is subjected to a number of consecutive forming steps in a number of forming stations of the roll-forming machine, wherein the forming stations fold the sheet metal strip  5 ′ along the fold lines F 1 -F 4  illustrated by broken lines in  FIG. 4 . Each web  4   a ,  4   b  is folded in relation to the central flange  2  and the associated side flange  3   a ,  3   b  in several forming steps S 1 -S 11  in the manner described above. 
     The sheet metal strip  5 ,  5 ′ is to be fed in its longitudinal direction through the consecutively arranged forming stations  20   a ,  20   b  of the roll-forming machine. The intended feeding direction of the sheet metal strip  5 ,  5 ′ through the forming stations is in the following referred to as the feeding direction. 
     Two forming stations  20   a  included in a roll-forming machine according to an embodiment of the present invention are illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11 . The forming stations  20   a  have the same design and are configured to form one side of the hat beam  1 , the left side as seen in  FIGS. 7 and 11 . The other side of the hat beam  1 , the right side as seen in  FIGS. 7 and 11 , is formed by forming stations  20   b  (see  FIG. 12 ) which have the same design as the forming stations illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11  but are inverted about a vertical axis as compared to the forming stations illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11 . Thus, in this case, the forming stations are divided into a number of first forming stations  20   a  configured to form a first side of the hat beam  1  and a corresponding number of second forming stations  20   b  configured to form an opposite second side of the hat beam  1 , wherein the clamping rollers of each first forming station  20   a  are configured to fold only the first web  4   a  in relation to the first side flange  3   a  and in relation to the central flange  2  and wherein the clamping rollers of each second forming station  20   b  are configured to fold only the second web  4   b  in relation to the second side flange  3   b  and in relation to the central flange  2 . The first and second forming stations  20   a ,  20   b  are alternately arranged as seen in the feeding direction, as illustrated in  FIG. 12 , wherein each first forming station  20   a  is followed by one of the second forming stations  20   b  and vice versa. Thus, the first and second forming stations  20   a ,  20   b  are arranged in zigzag along the feeding direction. With this design and arrangement of the forming stations  20   a ,  20   b , it will be possible to form hat beams  1 ,  1 ′ where the width of the central flange  2  is relatively small. 
     The roll-forming machine has a stand  10  (very schematically illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11 ), which is to be arranged in a fixed position on a support surface at a production site. Each forming station  20   a ,  20   b  comprises a frame  21  which is fixed to and carried by the stand  10  and which in its turn supports the clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b ,  23   a ,  23   b  of the forming station. 
     Each forming station  20   a ,  20   b  comprises a first pair of clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  configured to clamp one of the side flanges  3   a ,  3   b  and a second pair of clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  configured to clamp the central flange  2 . Thus, one side flange  3   a ,  3   b  is clamped between the two clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  of the first pair of clamping rollers and the central flange  2  is clamped between the two clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers. The first pair of clamping rollers comprises an upper clamping roller  22   a , which is configured to be in contact with the associated side flange  3   a  from above, and an opposite lower clamping roller  22   b , which is configured to be in contact with the associated side flange  3   a  from below. The second pair of clamping rollers comprises an upper clamping roller  23   a , which is configured to be in contact with the central flange  2  from above, and an opposite lower clamping roller  23   b , which is configured to be in contact with the central flange  2  from below. 
     The first and second pairs of clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b ,  23   a ,  23   b  are configured to hold one of the webs  4   a ,  4   b  freely stretched between the first pair of clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  and the second pair of clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  and to fold this web  4   a ,  4   b  in relation to the associated side flange  3   a ,  3   b  over a first peripheral folding edge  24  on the lower clamping roller  22   b  of the first pair of clamping rollers and in relation to the central flange  2  over a second peripheral folding edge  25  on the upper clamping roller  23   a  of the second pair of clamping rollers. Thus, in each first forming station  20   a , the first peripheral folding edge  24  is to follow the fold line F 1  and the corresponding corner C 1  between the first side flange  3   a  and the first web  4   a  and the second peripheral folding edge  25  is to follow the fold line F 2  and the corresponding corner C 2  between the first web  4   a  and the central flange  2 , whereas in each second forming station  20   b , the first peripheral folding edge  24  is to follow the fold line F 4  and the corresponding corner C 4  between the second side flange  3   b  and the second web  4   b  and the second peripheral folding edge  25  is to follow the fold line F 3  and the corresponding corner C 3  between the second web  4   b  and the central flange  2 . 
     Each clamping roller  22   a ,  22   b ,  23   a ,  23   b  has a horizontal centre axis CA 1 -CA 4  and is rotatable about an axis of rotation that coincides with the centre axis of the clamping roller. At least one of the clamping rollers in each pair of clamping rollers, and preferably both clamping rollers in each pair, is driven in rotation by means of its drive motor (not shown), preferably in the form of an electric drive motor. 
     The clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  of the first pair of clamping rollers are mounted to a common support  26 , which is configured to be horizontally displaceable sideways transversally to the feeding direction along a transverse horizontal guide rail  27 . In the illustrated example, the support  26  is supported by the guide rail  27  via a connecting member  28 , which is slidably mounted to the guide rail  27 . The guide rail  27  is in its turn fixedly connected to the frame  21 . Furthermore, the support  26  is pivotable about a vertical pivot axis PA 1 , which preferably intersects the first peripheral folding edge  24 . In the illustrated example, the support  26  is rotatably mounted to the connecting member  28  and configured to be pivoted about the vertical pivot axis PA 1  by rotation of the support  26  in relation to the connecting member  28 . Thus, the clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  of the first pair of clamping rollers are moveable together by movement of the support  26  in relation to the guide rail  27  and in relation to the connecting member  28 . 
     The roll-forming machine comprises an electronic control device  12  (very schematically illustrated in  FIG. 7 ), which is configured to control the sideways displacement and the pivoting of the above-mentioned support  26  during a forming operation in such a manner that the first peripheral folding edge  24  follows the fold line F 1  and the corresponding corner C 1  between the freely stretched web  4   a  and the associated side flange  3   a  and in such a manner that a vertical plane P 1  (see  FIG. 9 ) that goes through the centre axes CA 1 , CA 2  of both clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  of the first pair of clamping rollers is always maintained perpendicular to the part of this fold line F 1  that is in contact with the first peripheral folding edge  24 , i.e. perpendicular to the part of the corner C 1  between the freely stretched web  4   a  and the associated side flange  3   a  that is in contact with the first peripheral folding edge  24 . 
     The above-mentioned support  26  could also be configured to be horizontally displaceable forwards and backwards in the feeding direction along a horizontal guide rail in order to allow the position of the support  26  in the feeding direction to be adjustable under the control of the electronic control device  12  during a forming operation and thereby allow the support  26  to be moved in such a manner that the first pair of clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  can be turned about a vertical axis that intersects the point of contact PC 1  between the first peripheral folding edge  24  and the sheet metal strip  5 . However, such an adjustability of the support  26  has not been illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11  and is not necessary if the support  26  is pivotable about a pivot axis PA 1  that intersects said point of contact PC 1 . 
     The clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers are configured to be individually displaceable during a forming operation upwards and downwards in vertical direction and horizontally forwards and backwards in the feeding direction. In the illustrated example, each clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers is carried by a holder  28   a ,  28   b , which in its turn is supported by and vertically moveable in relation to a support  29   a ,  29   b . Each support  29   a ,  29   b  is configured to be horizontally displaceable forwards and backwards in the feeding direction along a horizontal guide rail  30   a ,  30   b , which is fixed to the frame  21 . The electronic control device  12  is configured to control the displacement of these clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  during a forming operation in such a manner that a plane P 2  (see  FIGS. 10 a -10 c   ) that goes through the centre axes CA 3 , CA 4  of both clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers is always maintained perpendicular to the part of the central flange  2  received in the nip  31  between these clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b.    
     The electronic control device  12  is preferably also configured to control the individual movements of the clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers during a forming operation and/or the movements of the first pair of clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b  in the feeding direction during a forming operation in such a manner that the point of contact PC 2  between the second peripheral folding edge  25  and the sheet metal strip  5  is always maintained in the same cross-sectional plane through the sheet metal strip  5  as the point of contact PC 1  between the first peripheral folding edge  24  and the sheet metal strip  5 , as illustrated in  FIGS. 10 a   - 10   c.    
     When the width of the central flange  2  is constant throughout the length of the hat beam  1 ,  1 ′, the fold lines F 2 , F 3  between the central flange  2  and the webs  4   a ,  4   b  will be straight, as shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 . However, if the width of the central flange  2  varies along the length of the hat beam  1 , these fold lines F 2 , F 3  will be curved or inclined along the parts of the sheet metal plate  5  where the width of the central flange  2  varies. 
     If the roll-forming machine is to be used for forming a hat beam with a central flange  2  which has a width that varies along the length of the hat beam, the clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers should also be configured to be individually and horizontally displaceable sideways transversally to the feeding direction and individually pivotable about a vertical pivot axis PA 2 , PA 3  during a forming operation. In this case, the electronic control device  12  is configured to control the sideways displacement and the pivoting of these clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  during a forming operation in such a manner that the second peripheral folding edge  25  follows the fold line F 2 , F 3  and the corresponding corner C 2 , C 3  between the freely stretched web  4   a ,  4   b  and the central flange  2  and in such a manner that the above-mentioned plane P 2  that goes through the centre axes CA 3 , CA 4  of both clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers is always maintained perpendicular to the part of this fold line F 2 , F 3  that is in contact with the second peripheral folding edge  25 , i.e. perpendicular to the part of the corner C 2 , C 3  between the freely stretched web  4   a ,  4   b  and the central flange  2  that is in contact with the second peripheral folding edge  25 . 
     In the example illustrated in  FIGS. 7 and 11 , each one of the above-mentioned supports  29   a ,  29   b  of the clamping rollers  23   a ,  23   b  of the second pair of clamping rollers is configured to be horizontally displaceable sideways transversally to the feeding direction along a transverse horizontal guide rail  32   a ,  32   b , which is supported by the above-mentioned guide rail  30   a ,  30   b  via a first connecting member  33   a ,  33   b  that is slidably mounted to the last-mentioned guide rail  30   a ,  30   b . The support  29   a ,  29   b  is supported by the transverse horizontal guide rail  32   a ,  32   b  via a second connecting member  34   a ,  34   b , which is slidably mounted to this guide rail  32   a ,  32   b . Furthermore, the support  29   a ,  29   b  is pivotable about a vertical pivot axis PA 2 , PA 3 , wherein the vertical pivot axis PA 2  of the support  29   a  associated with the upper clamping roller  23   a  preferably intersects the second peripheral folding edge  25 . In the illustrated example, the support  29   a ,  29   b  is rotatably mounted to the second connecting member  34   a ,  34   b  and configured to be pivoted about the vertical pivot axis PA 2 , PA 3  by rotation of the support  29   a ,  29   b  in relation to the second connecting member  34   a ,  34   b.    
     Power devices for effecting the different movements of the clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b ,  23   a ,  23   b  described above have been omitted in the drawings for the sake of clarity and in order to facilitate the illustration of other parts of the forming stations. These power devices are with advantage electric motors in order to enable a control of the movements of the clamping rollers  22   a ,  22   b ,  23   a ,  23   b  with high accuracy, but it would also be possible to use other types of power devices, such as for instance pneumatically or hydraulically controlled power devices. The operation of the power devices is controlled by the electronic control device  12  in accordance with pre-programmed algorithms. 
     The electronic control device  12  may be implemented by one single electronic control unit or by two or more mutually co-operating electronic control units. 
     The invention is of course not in any way limited to the embodiments described above. On the contrary, several possibilities to modifications thereof should be apparent to a person skilled in the art without thereby deviating from the basic idea of the invention as defined in the appended claims.