Patent Publication Number: US-9839013-B2

Title: Method and apparatus for performing random access procedure in a mobile communication system

Description:
CROSS RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/772,960 filed on Feb. 21, 2013 claiming the benefit of the earlier U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/187,735, filed on Aug. 7, 2008 and assigned U.S. Pat. No. 8,406,179 issued on Mar. 26, 2013, which in turn claims the benefit of the earlier filing date, under 35 U.S.C. §119(a), to those patent applications filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Aug. 7, 2007 and assigned Serial No. 10-2007-0079270, on Nov. 6, 2007 and assigned Serial No. 10-2007-0112879, on Jan. 4, 2008 and assigned Serial No. 10-2008-01244, and on Feb. 5, 2008 and assigned Serial No. 10-2008-0012001, the disclosures of all of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to mobile communication systems and more particularly to a method and apparatus for performing a random access procedure in a mobile communication system. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In Long Term Evolution (LTE) whose standardization work is being conducted in 3 rd  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) as one of the next generation mobile communication systems, an Evolved Node B (ENB) takes charge of scheduling downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) traffics. In the communication system where the ENB takes charge of the scheduling, a procedure for transmitting UL data includes the following five steps. 
     Step 1: A User Equipment (UE) transmits to an ENB a signal indicating generation of UL data. 
     Step 2: The ENB allocates transmission resources to the UE so that it can report information on the generated data, for example, the amount or priority of the data. 
     Step 3: The UE sends to the ENB a Buffer Status Report (BSR) message in which the amount and priority information of the data stored in its buffer is contained. 
     Step 4: Based on the BSR message, the ENB allocates transmission resources necessary for actual data transmission to the UE. 
     Step 5: The UE transmits data using the allocated transmission resources. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1A , a description will now be made of a process in which a UE makes a buffer status report by sending a scheduling request message to an ENB in an LTE system. 
     The message that the UE sends in Step 1 is referred to as a scheduling request message, the resources over which the scheduling request message are called scheduling request transmission resources (or scheduling request resources), and the periodically repeated scheduling request resources can be allocated to a UE in the state where its Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection is set up. For example, particular transmission resources can be given to a particular UE as scheduling request transmission resources every 10 msec. When there is a need for data transmission over UL, a UE  105  that has the periodically-existing scheduling request transmission resources sends a scheduling request message to an ENB  110  through the scheduling request resources in step  115 . 
     The scheduling request message can be expressed with a single bit of (1-bit) information, and the UE  105  requests transmission resource allocation for buffer status report using the 1-bit information. In step  120 , the ENB  110  sends a UL grant message to allocate to the UE  105  as many transmission resources as the UE  105  may send in a BSR message for a buffer status report. In step  125 , the UE  105  sends the BSR message containing the type and size of the generated data to the ENB  110  through the transmission resources allocated in step  120  through the UL grant message. 
     Based on the BSR message, the ENB  110  estimates priority of the data, and allocates transmission resources to the UE  105  at an appropriate time so that it can transmit UL data, taking into account both the channel state of the UE  105  and the traffic condition of the current cell. 
       FIG. 1B  is a diagram illustrating an example of a BSR message used in an LTE system. 
     The BSR message, since it is a Medium Access Control (MAC) control message made by a MAC layer, is a kind of a MAC control Service Data Unit (SDU), and is contained in a normal MAC Packet Data Unit (PDU)  140  before being transmitted. The MAC PDU  140  is generated with a MAC header  130  and a MAC SDU  135 , The MAC header  130  contains the type and size of the MAC SDU  135 . The terms ‘PDU’ and ‘SDU’ refer to the data that underwent a particular operation in an arbitrary protocol device, and when the data generated in an upper layer is delivered to an arbitrary protocol device, the upper layer data is called ‘SDU’. Similarly, when the protocol device generates its own control information, the control information is also called ‘SDU’. However, the SDU, to which a predetermined protocol header is added, is called ‘PDU’. 
     Since the ENB cannot allocate scheduling request resources to all UEs to which it has RRC connections, the ENB allocates no scheduling request resource to the UEs having a lower frequency of data transmissions. Since the only UL channel that the UE can use, which is not allocated scheduling request resource evens though its RRC connection has been set up, is a random access channel, the UE which is not allocated scheduling request resource sends a BSR message to the ENB through a random access procedure. However, no definition has been given of a method in which the UE in the state where its RRC connection is set up sends a BSR message to the ENB through the random access procedure. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An aspect of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus by which a UE, which is allocated no scheduling request resource even though its RRC connection has been set up, sends a Buffer Status Report (BSR) message to an ENB through a random access procedure, and the ENB receives the BSR message. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus by which a UE, which is allocated no scheduling request resource even though its RRC connection has been set up, sends a BSR message to an ENB through a random access procedure, and the ENB receives the BSR message from the UE. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving messages used for performing a random access procedure between a UE and an ENB. 
     According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for performing a random access procedure by a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method includes transmitting a preamble for identifying the UE, through a first message, receiving a second message from an Evolved Node B (ENB) in response to the first message, the second message including uplink (UL) transmission resource information for transmitting at least one of a transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message which is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection transmits for the first time, and Buffer Status Report (BSR) information indicating an amount of UL data, setting a format indicator indicating if the transparent RRC message or the BSR information is included in a third message, generating the third message according to the set format indicator, and transmitting the generated third message according to the UL transmission resource information. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for performing a random access procedure by a User Equipment (UE) in a mobile communication system. The method includes transmitting a preamble to an Evolved Node B (ENB) through a first message when performing the random access procedure, the preamble including at least one of a size of a third message that the UE will transmit, and information indicating a channel condition, receiving a second message from the ENB in response to the first message, the second message including at least one of uplink (UL) transmission resource information by which the UE will transmit the third message, and a size of the third message designated by the ENB, comparing the size of the third message, designated by the ENB, with a predetermined size, and designating a format of the third message according to the comparison result, and generating and transmitting the third message according to the designated format; wherein based on the format, the third message includes a normal MAC Packet Data Unit (PDU) or a transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message which is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection to the ENB transmits for the first time. 
     According to further another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a User Equipment (UE) apparatus for performing a random access procedure in a mobile communication system. The apparatus includes a physical layer processor for exchanging messages with an Evolved Node B (ENB), a Medium Access Control (MAC) controller for controlling to transmit a preamble to the ENB through a first message, acquiring uplink (UL) transmission resource information from the ENB in response to the first message through a second message that the physical layer processor received from the ENB, the UL transmission resource information being used for transmitting at least one of a transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message which is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection transmits for the first time, and Buffer Status Report (BSR) information indicating an amount of UL data, generating a MAC control message containing the BSR information, and outputting a format indicator indicating whether the transparent RRC message or the BSR information is included in a third message which is transmitted using the UL transmission resource information and a MAC multiplexer for multiplexing a MAC control message including at least one of the transparent RRC message delivered from an upper layer and the BSR information delivered from the MAC controller, and generating the third message according to a format indicator designated by MAC controller. 
     According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a User Equipment (UE) apparatus for performing a random access procedure in a mobile communication system. The apparatus includes a physical layer processor for exchanging messages with an Evolved Node B (ENB), a Medium Access Control (MAC) controller for controlling to transmit a preamble to the ENB through a first message to perform the random access procedure, the preamble including at least one of a size of a third message that the UE will transmit, and information indicating a channel condition, acquiring at least one of uplink (UL) transmission resource information by which the UE will transmit the third message, and a size of the third message, designated by the ENB, in response to the first message through a second message that the physical layer processor received from the ENB, comparing the size of the third message, designated by the ENB, with a predetermined size, and outputting a format indicator indicating a format of the third message according to the comparison result, and a MAC multiplexer for multiplexing a MAC control message including at least one of a transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message delivered from an upper layer and Buffer Status Report (BSR) information delivered from the MAC controller, generating the third message according to a format indicator designated by the MAC controller, and delivering the generated third message to the physical layer processor; wherein the transparent RRC message is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection to the ENB transmits for the first time, and the BSR information indicates an amount of UL data. 
     According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for performing a random access procedure by an Evolved Node B (ENB) in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving a preamble for identifying a User Equipment (UE), from the UE through a first message, transmitting uplink (UL) transmission resource information through a second message in response to the first message, the UL transmission resource information being used for transmitting at least one of a transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message, which is an RRC message that a UE having no control connection transmits for the first time, and a Buffer Status Report (BSR) indicating an amount of UL data, receiving a third message transmitted through the UL transmission resource, checking a format indicator indicating if the received third message includes the transparent RRC message or the BSR, and processing the third message in an RRC layer or a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer according to a set value of the format indicator. 
     According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for performing a random access procedure by an Evolved Node B (ENB) in a mobile communication system. The method includes receiving a preamble from a User Equipment (UE) through a first message, the preamble including at least one of a size of a third message that the UE will transmit, and information indicating a channel condition; transmitting a second message in response to the first message, the second message including at least one of uplink (UL) transmission resource information by which the UE will transmit the third message, and a size of the third message that the ENB wants to receive, receiving the third message transmitted through the UL transmission resource; and processing the third message in a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer or a Medium Access Control (MAC) layer according to a format of the received third message; wherein the format of the third message is set according to a comparison result between one of the size of the third message that the UE wants to transmit, or the size of the third message that the ENB received, and a predetermined size; wherein based on the format, the third message includes at least one of a normal MAC Packet Data Unit (PDU) and a transparent RRC message which is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection to the ENB transmits for the first time. 
     According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an Evolved Node B (ENB) apparatus for performing a random access procedure in a mobile communication system. The apparatus includes a Medium Access Control (MAC) controller for receiving a preamble for identifying a User Equipment (UE) from the UE through a first message to perform the random access procedure, transmitting a second message including uplink (UL) transmission resource information to the UE corresponding to the preamble, and processing Buffer Status Report (BSR) information included in a third message received from the UE, a physical layer processor for exchanging the first message, the second message and the third message with the UE and a MAC demultiplexer for checking a format indicator of the third message received from the physical layer processor to determine if the transparent Radio Resource Control (RRC) message is included in the third message or the BSR information is included in the third message, delivering the BSR information to the MAC controller if the BSR information is included in the third message, and delivering the transparent RRC message to a Layer 2 (L2) processor if the transparent RRC message is included in the third message; wherein the transparent RRC message is an RRC message that a UE having no RRC control connection to the ENB transmits for the first time, and the BSR information indicates an amount of UL data. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1A  is signaling diagram illustrating a process in which a UE makes a buffer status report by sending a scheduling request message to an ENB in an LTE system; 
         FIG. 1B  is a diagram illustrating an example of a BSR message used in an LTE system; 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a random access procedure between a UE and an ENB in an LTE system; 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating a process of making a buffer status report through a random access procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating an operation in which a UE sends a status report message according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating a format of a third message (# 3 ), received through the third message (# 3 ), according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating an operation in which an ENB receives a buffer status message from a UE according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a format of a BSR message contained in a MAC control message and a format of a BSR message contained in an RRC message according to a second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart illustrating a method in which a UE sends a status report message to an ENB according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a flowchart illustrating a UE&#39;s operation of sending a BSR message according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a flowchart illustrating an ENB&#39;s operation of receiving a BSR message from a UE through a random access procedure according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is a block diagram illustrating structures of a UE and an ENB for transmitting and receiving a BSR message according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating a MAC PDU format defined in the LTE system to which the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 13  is a diagram illustrating a MAC PDU format according to a third embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 14  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary use of a format indicator according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 15  is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a UE according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 16  is a signaling diagram illustrating operations of a UE and an ENB according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 17  is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a UE according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS OF INVENTION 
     Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. For the purposes of clarity and simplicity, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein has been omitted to provide for a clear and concise statement of the invention claimed. 
     The present invention provides a method and apparatus by which a UE, which is allocated no scheduling request resource even though it is in a connected state, reports its buffer status to an ENB through a random access procedure. 
     With reference to  FIG. 2 , a brief description will be made of a random access procedure before a description of embodiments of the present invention is given. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating a random access procedure between a UE and an ENB in an LTE system. 
     The random access procedure is a process in which a UE  205 , in an idle mode, transitions to a connected state where its Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection is set up. The UE  205  establishes UL synchronization through the random access procedure and sends an RRC control message. The RRC control message is a message processed in an RRC layer, and it can be an RRC connection request message in an embodiment of the present invention. The UE  205  in the idle state selects one code from a known code set at a predetermined time, and sends it to a predetermined ENB  210  through predetermined UL transmission resources, as shown by reference numeral  215 . This is expressed as ‘sending a preamble’, and it is sent through a first message, referred to as message # 1 . As the UE  205  sends a preamble in this way, the ENB  210  can identify the UE that has sent an allocation request for UL resources to the ENB  210 . The UE  205  can then establish UL synchronization with the ENB  210 . Upon receipt of the message # 1  including the preamble transmitted by the UE  205 , the ENB  210  sends in step  220  a second message, referred to as message # 2 , to the UE  205  in response to the message # 1 , the message # 2  containing UL Timing Adjustment (TA) information and UL grant information including therein information on the UL transmission resources over which the UE  205  will send an RRC control message. 
     In the communication system based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), as in LTE, the UL signal transmitted by the UE  205  should arrive at the ENB  210  within a predetermined time period. The ENB  210  calculates a UL TA information (indicating a degree by which it can adjust the scheduled UL transmission time of the UE) for the UE  205  based on the reception time of the preamble transmitted by the UE  205 , and the TA refers to a UL TA value of the UE  205 . 
     The UE  205  sends in step  225  a third message, referred to as message # 3 , including therein an RRC control message to the ENB  210 , using the transmission resources allocated in step  220  through the UL grant included in the message # 2 . Herein, the RRC control message sent in step  225  through the message # 3  can be an RRC connection request message. Upon receipt of the RRC control message, the ENB  210  performs a predetermined operation of allowing the UE  205  to transition to the state where its RRC connection is set up. That is, it performs an operation of storing UE-related information and setting up a connection between the upper layer and the UE  205 . 
     The message # 3  that the UE  205  sends to the ENB  210  in step  225 , is generated and processed in a so-called RRC layer, and is classified as an RRC message. For convenience&#39; sake, the messages exchanged in steps  215  through  225  of the random access procedure are referred to, hereinafter, as message # 1 , message # 2  and message # 3 , respectively. 
     The ENB  210  sets a size of the message # 3  at a small size since it has no channel state information for the UE  205  that transitions from the idle mode to the connected state. In the standard conference, 9 bytes are now considered as the size of the message # 3  as shown by reference numeral  230 . In order to provide as much information as possible to the size-limited message, a transparent mode is applied to the RRC connection request message  230  which is an RRC control message sent over the message # 3 . The term ‘transparent mode’ as used herein refers to a mode of transmitting only a payload without attaching a header, and it can be used when a reception side can estimate the information that the header should provide, depending on its reception situation. 
     As described above ( FIG. 1B ), the MAC header  130  contains information indicating the destination and size of the data. The destination of the data indicates in which logical channel or in which layer device the data was generated, and a reception device delivers the data to an appropriate layer device depending on the destination information of the data. If only the RRC connection request message is exchanged through the message # 3 , the destination information should not necessarily be signaled explicitly, and if only one MAC SDU is contained in the message # 3 , even the size information of the data should not necessarily be explicitly signaled. 
     For these reasons, at a recent standards conference, a decision was made to apply the transparent mode to the MAC PDU exchanged through the message # 3 . In other words, only the RRC control message is transmitted in the message # 3  without the MAC header as shown by reference numeral  230 . 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating a process of making a buffer status report through a random access procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     In  FIG. 3 , in order to send a Buffer Status Report (BSR) message of a connected-state UE through a random access procedure, a UE  305  selects an arbitrary code and sends a preamble through a message # 1  in step  315 , and sends, in step  325 , a message # 3  using transmission resources (UL grant) allocated through the message # 2  received from an ENB  310  in step  320 . In this case, the message # 3  contains a BSR message rather than the RRC control message. Since the UE  305  attaches no MAC header to the MAC PDU transmitted through message # 3 , the ENB  310  cannot determine whether the MAC PDU received through message # 3  is an RRC control message or a BSR message. In other words, since not only the RRC control message but also the BSR message are sent through message # 3  transmitted in step  325  of the random access procedure, proper information should be provided so that the reception device can identify the messages. 
     A description will now be made of a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a BSR message through a random access procedure according to first and second embodiments of the present invention. That is, a description will be made of a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving messages between a UE and an ENB during a random access procedure according to first and second embodiments of the present invention, and a message generation method therefor. 
     First Embodiment 
     In a first embodiment of the present invention, as a UE, in transmitting a MAC PDU through a message # 3 , inserts a MAC header into the MAC PDU, a device, which has received the MAC PDU, can deliver an RRC control message or BSR message contained in the MAC PDU to an appropriate device. The MAC header can be either a normal MAC header, or a MAC header having a shortened format. 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating an operation in which a UE sends a status report message according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
     In  FIG. 4 , a message # 2  and a message # 3  are defined as follows. 
     Message # 2  is a control message containing TA information and allocation information of transmission resources through which a UE will send a UL message in a random access procedure. 
     Message # 3  is a UL message that a UE sends using the UL transmission resources allocated through the message # 2  in the random access procedure. 
     In step  405 , the UE starts a random access procedure if UL data is generated in the state where the UE is allocated no scheduling request resource even though there is a need to transition to the connected state for an arbitrary reason, or it is in the connected state. 
     In step  410 , the UE selects any one of a plurality of codes through a predetermined procedure, sends a preamble coded with the selected code, and then monitors a control channel to receive the message # 2  from an ENB. The number of code is in a preferred aspect equal to 64 codes. 
     In step  415 , based on the message # 2  received from the ENB, the UE is allocated UL transmission resources, and perceives the UL transmission resources over which it will send the message # 3 . 
     In step  420 , the UE checks a type of the data it will transmit through the message # 3 . If the message to transmit through the message # 3  is an RRC message, the UE proceeds to step  430 , and if the message to transmit is a BSR message which is a MAC control message, the UE proceeds to step  425 . Although an embodiment of the present invention uses the BSR message as an example of the MAC control message, it can also use other messages processed in the MAC layer. 
     In step  425 , the UE attaches a MAC header to the BSR message. The MAC header includes therein information indicating that the contained data is a MAC control message, i.e., a message which is processed in the MAC layer. 
     In the first embodiment of the present invention, since the RRC message or MAC control message can be sent through the message # 3 , the MAC header is needed in order for the reception device to determine whether the RRC message or MAC control message has been received through the message # 3 . 
     In step  430 , the UE attaches a MAC header to the RRC message. The MAC header includes information indicating that the contained data is a message processed in the RRC layer. Thereafter, in step  435 , the UE sends to the ENB the MAC PDU to which the MAC header is attached in step  425  or  430 , and performs a predetermined succeeding operation. 
     Although the MAC header used for the message # 3  may have the same format as that of the normal MAC header, it may use a separate format having a size smaller than the normal MAC header for the following reasons. 
       FIG. 5  shows three types of MAC PDU formats used for the message # 3  according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the UE and ENB use one of the following three formats. 
     The format referred to as reference numeral  500  shows a MAC header that is comparable in format to a normal MAC header that can be used for the message # 3 . In this case, the MAC PDU  500  is composed of a Logical Channel (LCH) ID  505 , a Length Field (LF)  510 , and a MAC SDU  515 . The LCH ID  505  is an identifier of a logical channel to which the MAC SDU  515  contained in the MAC PDU  500  belongs. If the MAC SDU  515  is an RRC message, a logical channel identifier of an RRC processing device is used as the LCH ID  505 . If the MAC SDU  515  is a BSR message, a predetermined logical channel identifier designated for MAC control information is used as the LCH ID  505 . The LF  510  is information indicating a size of the MAC SDU  515 . 
     The format referred to as reference numeral  501  shows that the optimized MAC header can be used for the message # 3 . Since only one MAC SDU is always sent through the message # 3 , the LF is substantially unnecessary information. Shown by reference numeral  501  is a MAC PDU where only an LCH ID  520  is included in the MAC header to reduce overhead, and the LF is omitted. In this case, only the LCH ID  520  and MAC SDU  525  are contained in the MAC PDU  501  which is transmitted over the message # 3 . 
     The LCH ID  520  in the MAC PDU  501  may have a size with which it is possible to identify the maximum number of logical channels that can be associated with or set up to one UE. In an aspect of the invention, 5 bits are considered as the size. However, since only two types of data, i.e., RRC message and MAC control message, are transmitted through the message # 3 , 1 bit is enough to identify them. That is, as shown by the format shown by reference numeral  502 , it is also possible to include in the MAC header only a shorter LCH ID field  525  which is information used for identifying a logical channel of a MAC SDU  530  with the 1-bit information. For example, as to the shorter LCH ID field  525 , 0 can indicate that an RRC message is contained, and 1 can indicate that a MAC control message is contained. If also other types of messages can be transmitted through the message # 3 , the shorter LCH ID  525  can be extended according to the type of transmittable data (2, 3, 4, etc. bits). 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating an operation in which an ENB receives a buffer status message from a UE according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     In step  600 , the ENB receives a preamble through a message # 1  from a UE that will send a BSR message. In step  605 , the ENB sends a message # 2  to the UE corresponding to the preamble. In this case, the message # 2  contains therein TA information for the UE and UL transmission resource information with which the UE will send the BSR message over UL. In step  610 , the ENB receives a message # 3  from the UE through the UL resources allocated through the message # 2 . 
     Upon receipt of the message # 3 , the ENB analyzes multiplexing information included in the message # 3  in step  615  to check whether an RRC control message is contained in the message # 3  or a BSR message which is a MAC control message is contained in the message # 3 . As described above, the normal multiplexing information format can be used intact as the multiplexing information of the message # 3 , or the optimized multiplexing information format can be used as the multiplexing information of the message # 3 . The UE and ENB apply a common multiplexing information format to the message # 3 . 
     If it is determined in step  615  that an RRC message is included in the message # 3 , the ENB proceeds to step  625  where it processes the RRC message by means of an RRC block, and if a BSR message is included in the message # 3 , the ENB proceeds to step  620  where it processes the BSR message by means of a MAC controller. 
     Second Embodiment 
     A second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a BSR message after including it in an RRC message instead of transmitting only the RRC message through a message # 3 . 
     As a UE, whose RRC connection, a connection having no scheduling request transmission resource, is set up, includes a BSR message in an RRC message in transmitting the BSR message through the message # 3 , only the RRC message is always contained in the message # 3 . The use of the second embodiment of the present invention can avoid overhead due to the MAC header by applying a transparent mode to the message # 3 . 
     In the second embodiment of the present invention, in transmitting a BSR message, a UE whose RRC connection is set up, first checks availability of scheduling request resources, and sends the BSR message either in the MAC control message or in the RRC message according to the availability of scheduling request resources. That is, if scheduling resources are available, the UE sends the BSR message after including it in the MAC control message, and if scheduling resources are unavailable, the UE sends the BSR message after including it in the RRC message. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating a format of a BSR message contained in a MAC control message and a format of a BSR message contained in an RRC message according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     A MAC control message (MAC control SDU)  720  is composed of a MAC control message header  710  indicating a type of a control message contained in the MAC control message, and a BSR message  715  generated in a predetermined format. The BSR message  715  contains information related to a buffer status of a UE and other information necessary for scheduling, for example, transmission power information available for the UE. 
     A header  705  of a MAC PDU  723  containing the MAC control message contains multiplexing information for the MAC control message  720 . The message format associated with reference numeral  723  does not indicate a MAC PDU according to the second embodiment of the present invention, but indicates a MAC PDU format used for sending a normal buffer status report. 
     When the BSR message is sent after it is contained in an RRC message  725 , the MAC control message (MAC control SDU) is mapped to a predetermined Information Element (IE) of the RRC message  725 , which is called a MAC container  740 . The term ‘IE’ as used herein refers to meaningful information constituting an RRC message, and one RRC message is composed of multiple IEs. 
     When a UE, which is allocated no scheduling request resource even though its RRC connection is set up, reports a BSR message through a message # 3  transmission, a predetermined RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , a MAC control message (MAC control SDU) is contained in an IE of the MAC container  740  of the predetermined RRC message, and a BSR message is contained in the MAC control message. The MAC container  740  is an IE aiming to deliver the information that the MAC layer should process, to the opposing MAC layer through the RRC message  725 . 
     Generally, the IE contained in the RRC message  725  is generated in an RRC block, which is an RRC layer of a transmission side, and analyzed in an RRC block, which is an RRC layer of a reception side. However, the information included in the MAC container  740  is generated not in the RRC block but in a MAC controller, which is a MAC layer of the transmission side, and analyzed in a MAC controller of a MAC layer of the reception side, and in the second embodiment of the present invention, the RRC block only provides a path for transmitting and receiving the MAC container  740  which includes MAC information. Even in the prior art, there is an upper layer container, and it sends an upper layer message after including it in a particular IE of the RRC message  725 . However, since the upper layer message is originally transmitted and received via the RRC layer, it is natural to transmit/receive the upper layer message after including it in an upper layer container of an RRC message. 
     On the other hand, since a direct path referred to as a MAC control message  720  exists for transmission/reception of control information between MAC layers, there is no need, in principle, to define the so-called MAC container. However, when there is a need to send the MAC control message through a path prescribed to transmit/receive only the RRC message  725  like the message # 3 , it is possible to define the MAC container  740  and transmit/receive the MAC control message through an RRC message after including it in the MAC container  740 . By transmitting/receiving the MAC control message through the MAC container  740  in this way, it is possible to avoid adding a separate MAC header to the message # 3 . In  FIG. 7 , an RRC message type  730  represents information indicating a type of the RRC message  725 , and other information  735  means other IEs contained in the RRC message  725 . Since, for each IE, information indicating a type of the IE is explicitly or implicitly included in the RRC message  725 , an RRC block of the reception device can identify a MAC container IE in the process of processing IEs of the received RRC message. 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart/timing chart illustrating a method in which a UE sends a status report message to an ENB according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     In step  815 , a Buffer Status Report (BSR) occurs in a UE  805  at an arbitrary time. The time the BSR occurs in step  815  can include, for example, the occasion where data abruptly occurs in a buffer of the UE  805 . In step  820 , the UE  805  determines whether there is any scheduling request transmission resource (or schedule request resource) allocated to the UE, and if it is checked that scheduling request transmission resources are allocated, the UE  805  starts the normal BSR procedure. 
     That is, in step  825 , the UE  805  sends a scheduling request message to an ENB  810  through the allocated scheduling request transmission resources. However, if it is checked in step  820  that there is no scheduling request resource allocated thereto, the UE  805  proceeds to step  850  where it sends a status report message through a random access procedure. 
     Returning to step  825 , when the ENB  810 , which has received the scheduling request message, allocates in step  830  transmission resources over which the UE  805  will send a status report message, through UL grant message, the UE  805  sends in step  835  a MAC control message (MAC control SDU) containing a BSR message, using the transmission resources allocated with the UL grant message. The MAC control message is generated according to a format of the normal MAC PDU as shown by reference numeral  723  ( FIG. 7 ), and is directly exchanged between a MAC controller of a transmission-side MAC layer and a MAC controller of a reception-side MAC layer. That is, upon receiving the MAC PDU, a MAC controller  1160  (see  FIG. 11 , as will be discussed) in charge of a MAC layer of the ENB  810  directly processes a MAC control message (MAC control SDU) contained in the MAC PDU. 
     In step  840 , another BSR occurs in the UE  805  at an arbitrary time. In step  845 , the UE  805  checks if there is any scheduling request transmission resource allocated thereto. If it is determined in step  845  that the scheduling request transmission resources are released for an arbitrary reason, so there is no scheduling request transmission resource available for the UE  805 , the UE  805  starts the random access procedure through steps  850  through  860 . However, if it is determined in step  845  that there are scheduling request resources allocated thereto, the UE  805  proceeds to step  825 . 
     However, since the UE  805 , for which it is checked in step  845  for which there is no scheduling request resource allocated, should send a BSR message through a random access procedure, the UE  805  selects a preamble code according to a predetermined procedure and sends a preamble in step  850 , and is allocated UL transmission resources from the ENB  810  through a message # 2  in step  855 . Thereafter, in step  860 , the UE  805  sends a message # 3  through the UL transmission resources allocated through the message # 2 . In step  860 , the UE  805  includes in the message # 3  an RRC message according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     The UE  805  includes a MAC container IE containing a BSR message in an RRC message according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Upon receiving the message # 3  transmitted by the UE  805  in step  860 , a MAC demultiplexer  1150  of the ENB  810  delivers the RRC message contained in the message # 3  to an RRC block  1140  (see  FIG. 11 ) via a Layer 2 (L2) processor  1145  ( FIG. 11 ). If a MAC container is included in an IE of the RRC message, it means that a MAC control message is received through the RRC message, so the RRC block  1140  ( FIG. 11 ) extracts a MAC control message (MAC control SDU) from the RRC message and delivers it to the MAC controller  1160  ( FIG. 11 ). Then the MAC controller  1160  ( FIG. 11 ) processes the MAC control message received from the RRC block  1140 . In this case, no MAC header is added to the message # 3 . 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart illustrating a UE&#39;s operation of sending a BSR message according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     In this illustrated process, if a BSR message is generated as a BSR in step  905 , the UE checks in step  910  if scheduling request resources are available. If available, the UE proceeds to step  915 , and otherwise, proceeds to step  935 . 
     In step  915 , the UE starts a normal BSR procedure. That is, in step  915 , the UE sends a scheduling request message through the scheduling request resources. If UL transmission resources are allocated in step  920 , the UE generates a BSR message in step  925 . 
     The BSR message, i.e., MAC control information having a predetermined format, includes the amount and priority of the data stored in each buffer of the UE, and also includes transmission power information available for the UE. In step  930 , the UE includes the BSR message in MAC control information and sends it to an ENB. 
     However, a UE, for which it is checked in step  910  that there is no available scheduling request resource, proceeds to step  935  where it starts a random access procedure. That is, in step  935 , the UE selects a preamble code by applying a predetermined rule and sends a preamble coded with the code associated with the ENB. If the UE is allocated, from the ENB, UL transmission resources for transmission of a message # 3  in step  940 , the UE generates a BSR message in step  945 . In step  950 , a MAC controller  1130  ( FIG. 11 ) of the UE delivers the BSR message or a MAC control message containing the BSR message to an RRC block  1110  ( FIG. 11 ) and the RRC block  1110  ( FIG. 11 ) forms a predetermined RRC message to be transmitted through the message # 3 , and includes a BSR or a MAC control message containing the BSR in a MAC container IE of the RRC message. Thereafter, the UE sends the RRC message containing the MAC container IE to the ENB. 
       FIG. 10  is a flowchart illustrating an ENB&#39;s operation of receiving a BSR message from a UE through a random access procedure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     The ENB receives a preamble from a UE through a message # 1  in step  1000 , and transmits, through a message # 2  in step  1005 , UL transmission resource information to the UE corresponding to the preamble received through the message # 1 . In step  1010 , the ENB receives a message # 3  that the UE transmitted, through the UL transmission resource information, and a MAC demultiplexer  1150  ( FIG. 11 ) of the ENB delivers the received message # 3  to an RRC block  1140  ( FIG. 11 ) via an L2 processor  1145  ( FIG. 11 ) since the received message # 3  is an RRC control message that should be processed in an RRC layer. The RRC block  1140  ( FIG. 11 ) of the ENB checks in step  1015  if MAC control information such as a BSR message is included in the message # 3 . 
     If it is determined in step  1015  that a MAC control message is included in the message # 3 , the RRC block  1140  ( FIG. 11 ) of the ENB proceeds to step  1025  where it sends the MAC control message to a MAC controller  1160  ( FIG. 11 ), and the MAC controller  1160  ( FIG. 11 ) performs an appropriate operation by analyzing the MAC control message. 
     However, if it is determined in step  1015  that no MAC control message is included in the message # 3 , the RRC block  1140  proceeds to step  1020  where it analyzes the RRC control information contained in the RRC control message and performs an operation appropriate thereto. 
       FIG. 11  is a block diagram illustrating structures of a UE  1105  and an ENB  1135  for transmitting and receiving a BSR message according to an embodiment of the present invention. A transmission device provided in a UE  1105 , includes an RRC block  1110 , an L2 processor  1115 , a MAC multiplexer  1120 , a MAC controller  1130 , and a physical layer processor  1125 . 
     The RRC block  1110  is a device for processing a control message related to a radio access network. The RRC block  1110  delivers a BSR message which is a MAC control message delivered by the MAC controller  1130  to its lower layer after including it in an IE called a MAC container of an RRC message as shown in  FIG. 7 , according to the second embodiment of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the RRC block  1110  generates a MAC SDU included in a message # 3 , and in the second embodiment of the present invention, the RRC block  1110  generates an RRC message including a message # 3 . 
     The L2 processor  1115  takes charge of encrypting the RRC message generated by the RRC block  1110  and framing it in a size suitable for transmission over a radio channel. The MAC multiplexer  1120  multiplexes the MAC SDUs provided from the L2 processor  1115  and the MAC control message delivered by MAC controller  1130 , forms a MAC PDU by attaching a proper MAC header thereto, and delivers it to the physical layer processor  1125 , which is its lower layer. For example, the MAC multiplexer  1120  according to the first embodiment of the present invention multiplexes the MAC SDU containing an RRC message, received from the L2 processor  1115  which is its upper layer, and the MAC SDU including a BSR message, received from the MAC controller  1130 . For example, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the MAC multiplexer  1120  multiplexes the RRC message generated in the RRC block  1110 . 
     According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the MAC SDU included in the message # 3  is generated in the RRC block  1110 , and the MAC header is generated in the MAC multiplexer  1120 . The message # 3  in the second embodiment of the present invention is generated in the RRC block  1110 . 
     In the first embodiment of the present invention, the MAC multiplexer  1120  attaches a proper MAC header to the MAC SDU transmitted through the message # 3  during the random access procedure. If the RRC message is sent through the message # 3 , i.e., if the MAC SDU is provided from the L2 processor  1115  connected to the RRC block  1110 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  attaches a proper MAC header indicating that the message included in the MAC SDU is an RRC message, so that a MAC demultiplexer  1150  in a reception device of an ENB  1135  can deliver the MAC SDU to an L2 processor  1145  connected to an RRC block  1140 . However, if a MAC control message is sent over the message # 3 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  attaches a proper MAC header indicating that a message included in the MAC control message is a BSR message, so that the MAC demultiplexer  1150  in the reception device  1135  can deliver the MAC control message to the MAC controller  1160 . 
     If the MAC multiplexer  1120  uses a modified MAC header for the MAC PDU being sent through the message # 3  as shown in  FIG. 5 , i.e., uses a MAC header having only a logical channel identifier as shown by reference numeral  501 , or a MAC header having only a shorter logical channel identifier as shown by reference numeral  502 , the MAC multiplexer  1120 , in transmitting an arbitrary MAC PDU, checks if the MAC PDU is sent through the message # 3 , and attaches the modified MAC header when it is sent through the message # 3 . 
     In a third embodiment of the present invention, the MAC multiplexer  1120  multiplexes the MAC SDUs provided from its upper layer, or the MAC control message generated by the MAC controller  1130 , and generates a MAC PDU by attaching a proper MAC subheader thereto. In particular, in the case where the first (or initial) RRC message is transmitted through the message # 3  without being contained in the MAC PDU, when the MAC PDU is sent through message # 3 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  uses the first bit of the MAC PDU, i.e., the first bit of the first MAC subheader as a proper format indicator for indicating whether the first RRC message is contained in the MAC PDU, and disposes the remaining MAC PDU, except for the first bit of the first MAC subheader, after the first bit of the MAC PDU. However, if the first RRC message is contained in the MAC PDU and then transmitted through the message # 3 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  uses the first bit of the MAC PDU as a proper format indicator for indicating if the first RRC message is contained in the MAC PDU, and disposes the first RRC message after the first bit. 
     In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the MAC multiplexer  1120  multiplexes the upper layer data to the MAC PDU using a MAC PDU format designated by the MAC controller  1130 . That is, if the MAC controller  1130  issues a command to use a format # 1 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  generates a MAC PDU using a message with a format composed of the MAC subheaders and the MAC SDU/MAC control information, and if the MAC controller  1130  issues a command to use a format # 2 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  generates a MAC PDU using a specific format in which a 1-bit indicator is included. The format # 1  represents a normal MAC PDU format defined in the LTE system. And the format # 2  represents a message format including therein information used for determining whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3 . In addition, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the MAC multiplexer  1120  adds a header for the message # 3  according to a header setting scheme for the message # 3 , designated by the MAC controller  1130 . 
     The MAC controller  1130  is a device for controlling the MAC multiplexer  1120  and processing the MAC control message. When the random access procedure is initiated, the MAC controller  1130  controls the physical layer processor  1125  to determine a code to be used as a preamble and send a preamble coded with the code. The MAC controller  1130  forms a MAC control message, for example, a BSR message, and delivers it to the MAC multiplexer  1120 . According to an embodiment of the present invention, the MAC controller  1130  delivers a format indicator indicating a format of the message # 3  to the MAC multiplexer  1120  so that the MAC multiplexer  1120  can generate a message # 3  depending on the format indicator. In the first embodiment of the present invention, when a BSR message occurs, the MAC controller  1130  includes it in a MAC SDU and sends the MAC SDU to the MAC multiplexer  1120 , and upon receiving the MAC SDU from the MAC controller  1130 , the MAC multiplexer  1120  attaches thereto a MAC header indicating that it should be processed in a MAC layer. 
     The MAC controller  1130  according to the second embodiment of the present invention checks if scheduling request resources are available, and if scheduling request resources are available, controls the physical layer processor  1125  to send a scheduling request. If the MAC controller  1130  is allocated UL transmission resources from the ENB, it delivers a MAC control message containing therein a BSR message to the MAC multiplexer  1120 , and if scheduling request resources are unavailable, performs the random access procedure, as described above, to control the physical layer processor  1125  so that it may send a preamble coded with a selected code, and to deliver a MAC control message containing a BSR message to the RRC block  1110 . Regarding the UL transmission resources, the physical layer processor  1125  can perceive these resources through the UL transmission resource information included in the message # 2  received from the ENB. 
     The MAC controller  1130  according to the third embodiment of the present invention instructs the MAC multiplexer  1120  to use, or not to use, a format indicator. That is, for transmission of a message # 3  in the random access procedure, the MAC controller  1130  instructs the MAC multiplexer  1120  to use the format indicator, or instructs the MAC multiplexer  1120  not to use the format indicator. In addition, the MAC controller  1130  acquires UL transmission resource information from the message # 2  received via the physical layer processor  1125 , generates a MAC control message containing the BSR information, and delivers it to the MAC multiplexer  1120 . However, the MAC controller  1130  according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention compares a size of the message # 3 , recognized through the message # 2 , with a predetermined reference value X′ to determine a format or header setting scheme for the message # 3 , and notifies the MAC multiplexer  1120  of the determined format or header setting scheme. 
     The physical layer processor  1125  converts the MAC PDU into a physical layer signal through a predetermined physical layer procedure and transmits the physical layer signal. Alternatively, the physical layer processor  1125  sends a preamble coded with a predetermined code, or sends a scheduling request message. The MAC controller  1130  according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention controls to send a preamble including at least one of the size of the message # 3  that the UE device (transmission device)  1105  will send to perform the random access procedure, and information indicating the channel condition, to the ENB through a message # 1 . In response to the message # 1 , the MAC controller  1130  acquires at least one of the UL transmission resource information by which the UE device  1105  will send the message # 3 , and the size of the message # 3  designated by the ENB, through the message # 2  that the physical layer processor  1125  received from the ENB, compares the size of the message # 3  designated by the ENB with a predetermined size, and outputs a format indicator indicating a format of the message # 3  according to the comparison result. The MAC multiplexer  1120  multiplexes a MAC control message containing either a transparent RRC message delivered from its upper layer or BSR information delivered from the MAC controller  1130 , generates the message # 3  according to the format indicator designated by the MAC controller  1130 , and delivers it to the physical layer processor  1125 . 
     The reception device  1135 , provided in the ENB, includes an RRC block  1140 , an L2 processor  1145 , a MAC demultiplexer  1150 , a MAC controller  1160 , and a physical layer processor  1155 . 
     The RRC block  1140  is a device for processing a control message related to a radio access network. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, if a MAC container IE is contained in an RRC message received from the L2 processor  1145 , the RRC block  1140  delivers the MAC container IE to the MAC controller  1160 . 
     The L2 processor  1145  performs the operations of decrypting the RRC message received from the MAC demultiplexer  1150  and restoring a MAC SDU to its original packet. The MAC demultiplexer  1150  demultiplexes a MAC SDU and a MAC control message from the MAC PDU delivered by the physical layer processor  1155 , and delivers the MAC SDU, or RRC message, to the L2 processor  1145  for a proper process, and the MAC control message to the MAC controller  1160 . The physical layer processor  1155  exchanges the messages with the UE. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the MAC demultiplexer  1150  analyzes a MAC header of the MAC PDU received through the message # 3  during the random access procedure to determine whether the data contained in the MAC PDU is a MAC SDU containing an RRC message or a MAC control message containing a BSR message, and delivers it to a proper device. That is, if the message contained in the MAC PDU is an RRC message, the MAC demultiplexer  1150  sends the RRC message to the RRC block  1140  via the L2 processor  1145 , and if the contained message is a MAC control message, the MAC demultiplexer  1150  sends it to the MAC controller  1160 . 
     If the MAC demultiplexer  1150  uses a modified MAC header for the MAC PDU being received through the message # 3 , i.e., uses a MAC header having only a logical channel identifier as shown by reference numeral  501 , or a MAC header having only a shorter logical channel identifier as shown by reference numeral  502 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150 , in processing an arbitrary MAC PDU, checks if the MAC PDU is received through the message # 3 , and if it is received through the message # 3 , analyzes the MAC header by applying the modified MAC header format. 
     In the third embodiment of the present invention, the MAC demultiplexer  1150  analyzes the first bit of the message # 3  received during the random access procedure to determine if only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , and performs demultiplexing according thereto. That is, if only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  delivers the remaining bits except for the first bit of the first MAC subheader of the message # 3  to the RRC block  1140 . If the first bit indicates that not only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  analyzes MAC subheaders, including the first bit, and demultiplexes the MAC SDU or MAC control information according thereto, and delivers the result to a proper upper layer device. The MAC demultiplexer  1150  checks a format indicator of the message # 3  received from the physical layer processor  1155  to determine whether a transparent RRC message is included in the message # 3  or a BSR information is included in the message # 3 . If the BSR information is included in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  delivers the BSR information to the MAC controller  1160 , and if the transparent RRC message is included in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  delivers the transparent RRC message to the L2 processor  1145 . 
     The MAC controller  1160  is a device for processing a MAC control message. For example, the MAC controller  1160  can make a proper scheduling decision by analyzing the BSR message contained in the MAC control message. Although the MAC control message is delivered by the MAC demultiplexer  1150  in the first embodiment of the present invention, it can be received from the RRC block  1140  that received the RRC message, in the second embodiment of the present invention. The MAC controller  1160  receives a preamble for identifying the UE through the message # 1  to perform the random access procedure, sends a message # 2  including therein UL transmission resource information to the UE corresponding to the preamble, and processes the BSR information included in the message # 3  received from the UE. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 12 through 17 , a description is now provided of a method and apparatus for performing the random access procedure according to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention. 
     Third Embodiment 
     The third embodiment of the present invention provides a method for indicating if a message # 3  contains only a transparent RRC message or contains a normal MAC PDU, using the first bit or first two bits (two Most Significant Bit (MSB) bits) of the message # 3 . 
     A transparent RRC message or a normal MAC PDU can be transmitted through the message # 3 . The normal MAC PDU is transmitted by a UE that has no scheduling request resource even though it is in the connected state, and a BSR message can be include in the MAC PDU. Since data of the totally different formats having completely different properties is transmitted through the message # 3  , there is a need to include separate control information in the header so that the reception device can identify the different formats. 
     The above-stated first embodiment of the present invention represented a shorter LCH ID as a separate control information. However, the third embodiment of the present invention defines either a 1-bit or 2-bit format indicator as a separate control information other than the LCH ID described in the first embodiment. 
     The term ‘format indicator’ as used herein refers to information indicating if the first RRC message is contained in a MAC PDU when the MAC PDU is transmitted through the message # 3 . 
     The format indicator is the first bit (1 MSB bit) or first two bits (2 MSB bits) of the message # 3 , and when a transparent RRC message is transmitted through the message # 3 , the transmission-scheduled transparent RRC message is contained (disposed) just after the format indicator. When a normal MAC PDU containing BSR is transmitted through the message # 3 , the first bit (1 MSB bit) or first two bits (2 MSB bits) of the first MAC subheader among the MAC subheaders constituting one MAC PDU becomes the format indicator, and the remaining MAC PDU, except for the first bit or first two bits of the first MAC subheader, is contained after the format indicator. The bit(s) where the format indicator is contained is used as a format indicator when a particular condition is satisfied. When the conditions are not satisfied, the bits are used for their conventional purpose. The term ‘particular condition’ as used herein refers to the case where a normal MAC PDU is sent through the message # 3 . Therefore, in generating a MAC subheader, the MAC multiplexer  1120  in the transmission device  1105  checks if the MAC PDU is transmitted through the message # 3 , and if MAC PDU is transmitted through the message # 3 , uses as the format indicator the first bit or first two bits of the first MAC subheader. 
     The MAC controller  1160  in the reception device  1135  also checks the first bit or first two bits of the data received through the message # 3 , and if the first bit or first two bits indicate that a transparent RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , the MAC controller  1160  recognizes the remaining part of the message # 3  as an RRC message and delivers it to the RRC block  1140 . However, if the first bit or first two bits of the message # 3  indicate that a normal MAC PDU is contained in the message # 3 , the MAC controller  1160  in the reception device  1135 , recognizing the whole of the message # 3 , including the first bit or first two bits, as a MAC PDU, performs the common MAC PDU process beginning from the first MAC subheader, including the first bit or first two bits. The MAC controller  1160  according to the third embodiment of the present invention receives from the UE a message # 1  including a preamble used for identifying the UE via the physical layer processor  1155  to perform the random access procedure, sends a message # 2  including UL transmission resource information to the UE corresponding to the preamble via the physical layer processor  1155 , and processes BSR information included in the message # 3  received from the UE. The physical layer processor  1155  according to the third embodiment of the present invention exchanges the message # 1 , message # 2  and message # 3  with the UE device  1105 . 
     The MAC demultiplexer  1150  in the reception device  1135  checks a format indicator of the message # 3  received from the physical layer processor  1155  to determine if a transparent RRC message is included in the message # 3  or the BSR information is included in the message # 3 . If the BSR information is included in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  delivers the BSR information to the MAC controller  1160 , and if the transparent RRC message is included in the message # 3 , the MAC demultiplexer  1150  delivers the transparent RRC message to the L2 processor  1145 . 
     In order to include the format indicator, for which the first bit (1 MSB bit) or first two bits (2 MSB bits) are used, in the normal MAC subheader, it is necessary to modify the conventional MAC header structure. With reference to  FIG. 12 , a description will now be made of a structure of a MAC PDU in the system to which the present invention is applied. 
       FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating a MAC PDU format defined in the LTE system to which the present invention is applied. 
     Referring to  FIG. 12 , a MAC PDU  1200  is composed of multiple MAC subheaders  1205  and  1210 , and multiple MAC SDU or MAC control information  1215  and  1220 . The MAC subheader (e.g.,  1205 ) contains multiplexing information for the MAC SDU or MAC control information (e.g.,  1215 ). In other words, as many MAC subheaders as the number of MAC SDU or MAC control information contained in the MAC PDU are contained in the MAC PDU  1200 . The mapping relation between the MAC subheaders and the MAC SDU or MAC control information is determined according to their contained order. For example, the first MAC subheader  1205  is associated with the first MAC SDU or MAC control information  1215 , and the second MAC subheader  1210  is associated with the second MAC SDU or MAC control information  1220 . 
     One MAC subheader contains therein fields of LCID  1225 , E  1230  and LEN  1245 , and non-defined R fields  1235  and  1240 . LCID  1225 , similar to the above-stated LCH ID, indicates a logical channel identifier of the MAC SDU and a type of the MAC control information. E  1230  is a field indicating if the corresponding MAC subheader is the last MAC subheader, and LEN  1245  is a field indicating a size of the MAC SDU or MAC control information. In order to reduce a processing load of the transmission/reception device, the MAC subheaders undergo byte alignment, and for that purpose, R bits  1235  and  1240 , which are the remaining 2 reserved bits, are added. 
     The third and fourth embodiments of the present invention use one or both of the R bits as a Format Indicator (FI), and modifies the structure of the MAC subheader as shown in  FIG. 13  so that the first bit or first two bits of the MAC PDU can become the format indicator. 
       FIG. 13  is a diagram illustrating a MAC PDU format according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
     The third embodiment of the present invention, unlike in  FIG. 12 , moves the R bits in front of the MAC subheader as shown in  FIG. 13 , and uses the first R bit  1310  or the two R bits  1310  and  1312  of the first MAC subheader  1305  as a format indicator. The first R bit  1320  or the first and second R bits  1320  and  1322  of another MAC subheader other than the first MAC subheader  1305 , for example, of the second MAC subheader  1315 , can still be used for their own purposes. Although the R bits are fields reserved for future use, the first R bit or the first and second R bits of the remaining MAC subheaders except for the first MAC subheader  1305 , if they are given a new purpose in the future, can be used for the new purpose. 
     For example, although the R bits can be defined to contain brief report information for the buffer status of the UE, the third embodiment of the present invention allows the first R bit or the first and second R bits of only the first MAC subheader to contain not the above-stated information but the format indicator. In order for the R bits to be more frequently used for their own purpose, it is also possible to apply the format indicator only to the MAC PDU transmitted over the message # 3 , rather than applying the format indicator to all MAC PDUs. That is, while the first R bit or the first and second R bits of the first MAC subheader of the MAC PDU being transmitted over the message # 3  are used as a format indicator, the first R bit or the first and second R bits of the first MAC subheader of another MAC PDU will be used for their original purpose. For example, for the MAC PDU which is not transmitted through the message # 3 , the R bit(s) can be used as reserved bits, or can be used to contain information indicating the buffer status of the UE. 
       FIG. 14  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary use of a format indicator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
     In  FIG. 14 , when a transparent RRC message is transmitted through the message # 3 , the message # 3  is generated by setting the format indicator to “0” or to a predetermined value other than “11” as shown by reference numeral  1405 , and disposing a transparent RRC message  1410  after the format indicator. However, when a normal MAC PDU is transmitted over the message # 3 , the format indicator is set to “1” or “11” as shown by reference numeral  1415 , and the format indicator is first bit (1 MSB bit) or first two bits (2 MSB bits) of the first MAC subheader. The normal MAC PDU can contain therein MAC control information containing BSR of the UE. 
     That is, the ‘normal MAC PDU’ as used herein refers to a MAC PDU in which MAC control information containing BSR is contained, and in this case, FI is set to “1” or “11” during its transmission. 
       FIG. 15  is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a UE according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
     If a MAC PDU is generated in step  1505 , the UE determines in step  1510  whether it should transmit the MAC PDU through a message # 3 . That is, the UE determines if the MAC PDU is generated because of transmission of the message # 3  during a random access procedure. If it is determined in step  1510  that the UE will transmit the generated MAC PDU through the message # 3 , the UE proceeds to step  1520 . Otherwise, proceeds to step  1515 . In step  1515 , the UE generates (builds) a MAC PDU according to the prior art, and then proceeds to step  1550  where it delivers the MAC PDU to a lower layer and then ends the process. 
     However, if it is determined in step  1510  that the MAC PDU is generated because of transmission of the message # 3 , the UE determines in step  1520  whether it will transmit a transparent RRC message through the message # 3 . The ‘transparent RRC message’ as used herein refers to an RRC message to which no RLC/MAC header is attached, and it is used herein as the same meaning as the first RRC message. The ‘first RRC message’ as used herein refers to an RRC message that the UE having no RRC control connection transmits for the first time, and since the first RRC message is transmitted over a common control logical channel called Common Control Channel (CCCH), it is also expressed as an RRC message being transmitted over CCCH. 
     Therefore, in step  1520 , the UE checks if the data to be transmitted through the message # 3  is an RRC message satisfying the above-stated condition (i.e. an RRC message to which no RLC/MAC header is attached, an RRC message that the UE having no RRC control connection transmits for the first time, or an RRC message being transmitted over CCCH). If the message # 3  is an RRC message satisfying the condition, the UE proceeds to step  1525 . Otherwise, proceeds to step  1535 . In step  1525 , the UE sets a format indicator to “0” or a predetermined value other than “11.” As described above, the format indicator is a 1-bit or 2-bit information, and has the following meanings when it is set to “0” (or a predetermined value other than “11”) and “1” (or “11”). 
     0 (or a predetermined value other than “11”) represents the condition wherein only the first RRC message is contained in the MAC PDU, and the first RRC message starts from the next bit of the format indicator. 
     1 (or “11”) represents data other than the first RRC message is contained in the MAC PDU, and it follows a normal MAC PDU format. A format indicator is the first bit (1 MSB bit) or first two bits (2 MSB bits) of the first MAC subheader, and the remaining MAC PDU except for the first bit or first two bits of the first MAC subheader is contained from the next bit of the format indicator. 
     In step  1530 , the UE generates the MAC PDU by attaching the first RRC message after the format indicator, and then proceeds to step  1550  where it delivers the MAC PDU in which the first RRC message is contained, to the lower layer, and then ends the process. 
     However, in step  1535 , the UE determines information that it will include in the message # 3  (or MAC PDU) according to the size of the message # 3 . That is, in step  1535 , if the UE should include MAC control information such as BSR in the MAC PDU, it makes MAC control information, and if the UE should include MAC SDU, or upper layer data, in the MAC PDU, it receives a MAC SDU delivered from the upper layer. 
     In step  1540 , the UE generates MAC subheaders for the MAC SDU or MAC control information that it will include in the MAC PDU. In this case, the UE uses the first bit or first two bits of the first MAC subheader as a format indicator, and sets it to a proper value, e.g., 1 or 11, according to the defined meaning of the format indicator. 
     In step  1545 , the UE generates a MAC PDU by concatenating the MAC subheaders and the MAC SDU or MAC control information, and then proceeds to step  1550  where it delivers the MAC PDU to the lower layer and then ends the process. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
     The fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a method in which an ENB and a UE implicitly select a format of the message # 3  according to a size of the message # 3 . 
     As has been previously described, in the random access procedure, the UE randomly selects one code from a set of known codes, and sends a preamble using the selected code. However, 1-bit information indicating the amount of data that the UE will transmit can be contained in the preamble together, and the ENB can allocate more transmission resources to the UE based on the information. That is, the ENB can allocate more transmission resources for transmission of the message # 3  to the UE that made a report that it has much data to transmit, and can approve a greater value for the size of the message # 3 . The 1-bit information being transmitted in the preamble has the following meanings. 
     0 represents a size of the transmission message # 3  that exceeds a predetermined reference value X′, and its channel condition is better than a predetermined reference value Y. 
     1 represents a size of the transmission message # 3  that is less than or equal to a predetermined reference value X′, or its channel condition is worse than a predetermined reference value Y even though the amount of transmission data is greater than or equal to the predetermined reference value X′. 
     The reference value X′ is generally set based on a size of the first RRC message. Upon receipt of a preamble where the 1 bit is set to 0, the ENB can allocate to the UE transmission resources by which the UE can transmit data of X′ bytes or more. However, upon receipt of a preamble where the 1 bit is set to 1, the ENB allocates to the UE transmission resources by which the UE can transmit data of X′ bytes or less. 
     However, since the UE transmitting the first RRC message can also transmit only the first RRC message through the message # 3 , the UE always sets, to ‘1’, the 1-bit information that it transmits through the preamble, and upon detecting the preamble in which a predetermined bit is set to ‘1’, the ENB allocates transmission resources to the UE through a message # 2 , by which the UE will transmit data of X′ bytes or less. In other words, since transmission resources, by which the UE will transmit data of X′ bytes or less, are always allocated to the UE transmitting the first RRC message, allocating transmission resources by which the UE will transmit data of X′ bytes or more means that no first RRC message has been transmitted through the message # 3 . 
     That is, if the UE has reported to the ENB through the message # 1  that the amount of its transmission data exceeds the reference value X′ and its channel condition is better than a predetermined reference value, and thus the UE will transmit a normal MAC PDU through the message # 3 , a format of the message # 3  follows the normal MAC PDU format. However, if the UE has reported through the message # 1  that the amount of its transmission data does not exceed the reference value X′ or its channel condition is worse than the predetermined reference value Y even though the amount of its transmission data exceeds the reference value X′, both the first RRC message and the normal MAC PDU can be transmitted through the message # 3 . Therefore, the fourth embodiment of the present invention uses, as a format of the message # 3 , the format by which the reception device can determine whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or the normal MAC PDU is contained in the message # 3 . For convenience&#39; sake, the following two formats will be defined as a format of the message # 3 . 
     Format # 1 : A normal MAC PDU format defined in the LTE system. 
     Format # 2 : A format including therein information used for determining whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or the normal MAC PDU is contained in the message # 3 . It can be either the format proposed in the first or third embodiment of the present invention, or another format satisfying the above purpose. 
     In addition to changing the format of the message # 3  according to the predetermined condition and notifying the changed format, the fourth embodiment of the present invention can set a message header of the message # 3  according to the predetermined condition and define a header setting scheme. 
     For example, if the UE has reported to the ENB through the message # 1  that the amount of its transmission data exceeds the reference value X′ and its channel condition is better than the predetermined reference value Y, since it means that the UE will transmit the normal MAC PDU defined in the LTE system through the message # 3 , a MAC header setting scheme for the message # 3  follows the normal MAC header setting scheme defined in the LTE system. However, if the UE has reported to the ENB through the message # 1  that the amount of its transmission data does not exceed the reference value X′ or its channel condition is worse than the predetermined reference value Y even though the amount of its transmission data exceeds the reference value X′, both the first RRC message and the normal MAC PDU can be transmitted through the message # 3  by the UE. 
     Therefore, in setting a header of the message # 3  by the UE or a transmission device, by which the ENB or a reception device can determine whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or the normal MAC PDU is contained in the message # 3  according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the setting follows a setting scheme to which a predetermined limitation is applied. For convenience&#39; sake, the following two types will be defined as a header setting scheme for the message # 3 . 
     Header setting scheme # 1  represents a scheme for generally setting a MAC PDU header. There is no limitation in using LCH ID or R bits. 
     Header setting scheme # 2  represents a header setting scheme which is applied only when there is a possibility that the first RRC message or normal MAC PDU will be transmitted through the message # 3 . There is a limitation in setting LCH ID or R bits. The header setting scheme # 2  limits the use of first several bits of the MAC PDU, thereby making it possible to determine whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or the normal MAC PDU is contained in the message # 3 . In the following description, the header setting scheme # 2  is assumed to limit the use of the first 1 bit of the MAC PDU. 
     For example, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the first bit of the MAC PDU is used as an R bit when it follows the header setting scheme # 1  out of the above two header setting schemes, but is used as a format indicator when it follows the header setting scheme # 2 . As another example, when the MAC PDU header is achieved in order of LCH ID, E, R and R as shown in  FIG. 12 , it is possible to indicate inclusion/non-inclusion of the normal MAC PDU or the first RRC message using the first bit among the 5 bits of LCH ID. In this case, if setting the first bit to “0” indicates that the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3 , the transmission device following the header setting scheme # 2 , when the normal MAC PDU is transmitted through the message # 3 , should follow the restrictions that the first bit of LCH ID of the first MAC subheader should be set to ‘1’, in other words, a MAC SDU having LCH ID between 16˜31 should be contained in the first MAC SDU of the MAC PDU. 
     Summarizing the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the UE has reported through its transmission preamble that the amount of its transmission data exceeds a predetermined reference value and its channel condition is better than a predetermined reference value, the UE and the ENB use the format # 1  or the header setting scheme # 1  for the message # 3 , and otherwise, use the format # 2  or the header setting scheme # 2  for the message # 3 . 
     As another method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the UE transmits a size of its desired transmission message # 3  through the message # 1  and upon receipt of the message # 1 , the ENB orders the UE through the message # 2  to designate the size of the message # 3  as a predetermined reference value or more, the UE and the ENB set a header of the message # 3  using the format # 1  as a format of the message # 3  or using the header setting scheme # 1 , and otherwise, set a header of the message # 3  using the format # 2  as a format of the message # 3  or using the header setting scheme # 2 . 
     Compared with the first method for implicitly determining the format of the message # 3  based on a size of the message # 3  that the UE reported through the preamble, the second method in which the ENB implicitly determines the format of the message # 3  through the contents of the message # 2  including therein the size of the message # 3  that the UE desires to transmit, can be more robust, and the fourth embodiment of the present invention considers both of the two methods. 
       FIG. 16  is a signaling diagram illustrating operations of a UE and an ENB according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
     In step  1615 , a UE  1605  starts a random access procedure if a predetermined condition is satisfied. That is, if a predetermined condition is satisfied, the UE  1605  selects one code from a set known of codes, and sends a preamble using the selected code. In this case, the preamble contains both of a size of the data that the UE  1605  will transmit through the message # 3 , and the 1-bit information for the channel condition. 
     Upon receipt of a message # 1  including the preamble that the UE  1605  transmitted in step  1615 , an ENB  1610  sends in step  1620  a message # 2  containing UL TA information and UL grant information including therein the size of the message # 3  and UL transmission resource information with which the UE  1605  transmits the message # 3 , to the UE  1605  in response to the message # 1 . Upon receipt of the message # 2  in step  1620 , the UE perceives the size of the message # 3  and transmission resources over which it will transmit the message # 3 , and determines in step  1625  a format of the message # 3  or a header setting scheme of the message # 3 . As described above, the format of the message # 3  or the header setting scheme of the message # 3  is implicitly determined according to the size of the message # 3  or the information that the UE reported through the message # 1 . If an agreement is made between the UE and the ENB to use the format # 1  or the header setting scheme # 1  when the size of the message # 3  is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value, the UE checks the size of the message # 3  that the ENB wants to receive through the message # 2 , and compares the checked size of the message # 3  with a predetermined reference value. If the size of the message # 3 , checked through the message # 2 , is greater than the reference value, the UE uses the format # 1  as a format of the message # 3  or uses the header setting scheme # 1  as a header setting scheme of the message # 3 , and otherwise, the UE uses the format # 2  as a format of the message # 3  or uses the header setting scheme # 2 . 
     The information reported through the message # 1  is the size of the message # 3  that the UE wants to transmit, and the size of the message # 3  that the ENB transmitted through the message # 2  is the size of the message # 3  that the UE is instructed to transmit by the ENB. However, if an agreement is made between the UE and the ENB to use the format # 1  or the header setting scheme # 1  when the UE has reported to the ENB through the message # 1  that the size of the message # 3  that it desires to transmit is greater than or equal to a predetermined reference value and its channel condition is better than a predetermined reference value, the UE determines the format or header setting scheme of the message # 3  according to the size of the message # 3  and the channel condition reported through the message # 1 . 
     In step  1630 , the UE generates the message # 3  using the format determined in step  1625 , or generates the message # 3  using the header setting scheme determined in step  1625 , and then sends the generated message # 3  to the ENB. The ENB also determines the format of the message # 3  or the header setting scheme applied to the message # 3  by applying the same rule as that used in the UE, and processes a MAC PDU or first RRC message contained in the message # 3  using the format or header setting scheme. 
       FIG. 17  is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a UE according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
     In step  1705 , the UE initiates a random access procedure when a predetermined condition is satisfied, for example, when the UE transitions from the idle state to the connected state or transmits UL data. In step  1710 , the UE sends a preamble to an ENB through a predetermined procedure of selecting one code from a predetermined set of codes, in order to perform the random access procedure. The preamble can include therein both the 1-bit information indicating the channel condition and the size of the message # 3  that the UE will transmit. 
     After sending the preamble in step  1710 , the UE waits to receive the message # 2  that will be transmitted over DL from the ENB through a predetermined procedure. Upon receiving the message # 2  from the ENB in step  1715 , the UE checks UL transmission resource information, contained the message # 2 , by which it will transmit the message # 3 , and size information of the message # 3  that the ENB wants to receive. In step  1720 , the UE selects a format of the message # 3  or a header setting scheme that it will apply to the message # 3 . That is, if it is determined through the message # 2  in step  1720  that the size of the message # 3  that the ENB wants to receive exceeds a predetermined reference value X′, the UE proceeds to step  1725  where it generates the message # 3  using the format # 1  or generates the message # 3  using the header setting scheme # 1 . However, if it is determined in step  1720  that the size of the message # 3 , checked through the message # 2  received in step  1715 , is less than or equal to the predetermined reference value X′, the UE proceeds to step  1730  where it the message # 3  using the format # 2  or the header setting scheme # 2 . 
     Alternatively, if the UE has reported through the preamble in step  1710  that the size of the message # 3  exceeds the predetermined reference value X′ and its channel condition is better than the predetermined reference value Y, the UE proceeds to step  1725  where it generates the message # 3  by setting a header of the message # 3  using the format # 1  or the header setting scheme # 1 . Otherwise, the UE proceeds to step  1730  where it generates the message # 3  using the format # 2 . In the present invention, the X′ is determined as a size of the message that the ENB can receive from the UE located in the cell boundary without difficulty, and it can be determined through the field test. In step  1725 , the UE generates the message # 3  using a normal MAC PDU format, i.e., the normal MAC PDU format including no 1-bit indicator, described in step  1730 , and then proceeds to step  1735  where it sends the message # 3  generated in step  1725 . Alternatively, in step  1725 , in setting a header using the header setting scheme # 1 , the UE sets a header of the message # 3  using the normal scheme without separate limitation, and then generates and transmits the message # 3  in step  1735 . 
     In step  1730 , the UE generates the message # 3  using the format # 2 , for example, using the MAC PDU format including a 1-bit indicator, which is proposed by the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and then proceeds to step  1735  where it transmits the message # 3  generated in step  1730 . The 1-bit indicator is a value indicating whether only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  (or MAC PDU), and whether the 1-bit indicator indicates that only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or MAC PDU, only the 1-bit indicator and the first RRC message are contained in the message # 3  or MAC PDU, and the RRC message is contained just after the 1-bit indicator. However, if the 1-bit indicator indicates that not only the first RRC message is contained in the message # 3  or MAC PDU, the first bit of the message # 3  or MAC PDU is the 1-bit indicator and the normal MAC PDU can be contained in the remaining part. Also, the first bit of the message # 3  can be the 1-bit indicator as presented in the third embodiment of the present invention. In this case, it is the first bit of the first MAC subheader, and the remaining MAC PDU except for the first bit of the first MAC subheader can be contained in the remaining part. 
     Alternatively, in step  1730 , the UE generates a header of the message # 3  using the header setting scheme # 2 , and then proceeds to step  1735  where it transmits the message # 3  generated in step  1730 . 
     As is apparent from the foregoing description, according to the present invention, in transmitting its BSR message to the ENB, the UE which is allocated no scheduling request resource can efficiently use the UL transmission resources by using no L2 header or reducing the size of the header. Further, according to the present invention, the UE which performs the random access procedure can efficiently transmit the MAC PDU or transparent RRC message through the message # 3 . 
     The above-described methods according to the present invention can be realized in hardware or as software or computer code that can be stored in a recording medium such as a CD ROM, an RAM, a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magneto-optical disk or downloaded over a network, so that the methods described herein can be executed by such software using a general purpose computer, or a special processor or in programmable or dedicated hardware, such as an ASIC or FPGA. As would be understood in the art, the computer, the processor or the programmable hardware include memory components, e.g., RAM, ROM, Flash, etc. that may store or receive software or computer code that when accessed and executed by the computer, processor or hardware implement the processing methods described herein. 
     While the invention has been shown and described with reference to a certain preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.