Patent Publication Number: US-8533064-B2

Title: Method and medium for universal shopping cart order injection

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/270,517 filed on Oct. 11, 2011 and entitled “Method, Medium, And System For Universal Shopping Cart Order Injection And Payment Determination”. The &#39;517 application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 8,065,195 issued on Nov. 22, 2011 (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/035,690 filed on Feb. 25, 2011 and entitled “Method, Medium, And System For Universal Shopping Cart Order Injection And Payment Determination”). The &#39;195 patent is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 7,925,544 issued on Apr. 12, 2011 (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/902,099 filed on Oct. 11, 2010 and entitled “Method, Medium, And System For Universal Shopping Cart Order Injection And Payment Determination”). The &#39;544 patent is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 7,835,949 issued on Nov. 16, 2010 (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/504,486 filed on Jul. 16, 2009 and entitled “Method, Medium, And System For Universal Shopping Cart Order Injection And Payment Determination”). The &#39;949 patent is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 7,577,592 issued on Aug. 18, 2009 and entitled “Universal Shopping Cart and Order Injection System” (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/841,412 filed on Aug. 20, 2007). The &#39;592 patent is a divisional of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 7,328,176 issued on Feb. 5, 2008 (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/163,707 filed on Oct. 27, 2005) and entitled “Universal Shopping Card and Order Injection System.” The &#39;176 patent is a divisional of and claims priority to U.S. Pat. No. 7,305,355 issued on Dec. 4, 2007 (aka U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/880,723 filed on Jun. 12, 2001) and entitled “Universal Shopping Cart and Order Injection System.” The &#39;355 patent claims priority to Provisional Application No. 60/210,987, filed Jun. 12, 2000. The entire disclosures of the prior applications are considered as being part of the disclosure of this application and are hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to electronic commerce, and more specifically, to a method and system for providing an aggregated interface for purchasing products and/or services from disparate merchants. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Over the last several years, the Internet has seen expansive growth in the area of electronic commerce (“e-commerce”). Today, many consumers shop over the Internet from electronic retailers (“merchants”) in the privacy of their home instead of shopping from catalogs or physically going to a store. While a consumer may not be able to physically handle the products while shopping on the Internet, the consumer may be able to view pictures of the products, have textual, graphical and audio descriptions of the products, as well as read reviews of the products. For example, a merchant may create an e-commerce site on the World Wide Web (the “Web” or “WWW”) that is devoted to products carried in a physical store. This product information is typically made accessible to a consumer over the Internet through Web pages created by the merchant. A problem with this approach is that consumers have to learn how to navigate through all of the different e-commerce sites where they are interested in shopping. It would therefore be desirable to have an e-commerce site where the consumer navigates in the same manner whether shopping from Merchant A or Merchant B. 
     Typically, merchants provide the consumer with a search engine to find products on their Web site. While this makes navigation somewhat easier than the consumer manually navigating through each Web page, there are still problems. For example, each merchant may use a different search engine having different input requirements and/or the merchant may return matches to the search made by the consumer in a different manner. What is needed is a consistent manner of inputting and returning matches to the consumer. 
     If the consumer locates a product in which he or she is interested, the consumer is typically allowed to purchase the product(s) at that time. For example, if the consumer is interested in purchasing Product A from the merchant, the consumer will provide appropriate information to the merchant over a secure connection in order to process the order. This information typically includes name, shipping address, billing address, payment information and desired shipping method. This information is typically entered through an input form on a Web page designed and provided by the merchant. It is also common for the merchant to require the consumer to create an account on the site of said merchant before purchasing products. If a consumer purchases items from many different sites he or she will have to keep track of many different accounts. It is desirable, therefore, to have a shopping site that enables a consumer to order products from many different merchants without requiring the consumer to keep track of all the different accounts required to purchase goods from the many different merchants. 
     Another e-commerce problem is that it is becoming harder for a consumer to locate products and comparison shop over the Internet. This is due to the sheer volume of merchants, products and services available to the consumer over the Internet. Today, a consumer may also use one of the commonly available search engines on the Internet to locate products. However, search engines generally return so many matches to a query that it is unrealistic for a consumer to manually inquire on each returned match. In addition, these matches also include both merchant and non-merchant Web sites making it even more difficult for a consumer to actually review all of the returned merchant sites. Further, either the Web shopping sites direct the consumer to another merchant Web site, or they place the merchant&#39;s Web site within a frame on one of their main pages. However, this approach does not provide the consumer with a consistent look and feel. 
     In an attempt to solve the above-mentioned problems of comparison shopping and locating products on the Internet, many different methods have been created that provide the consumer with access to many different merchant sites through one central site. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,895,454 to Harrington purports to describe a shopping system allowing the consumer to connect to remote Web sites whereupon the consumer interacts with the remote merchant Web site using the commands and structure hierarchy as originally established by the merchant. As the consumer navigates through the remote merchant&#39;s Web site, the consumer may return to the database interface to launch into a different remote merchant Web site. The problem with this approach is that the consumer still has to learn how to navigate and place orders through many different merchants. For example, if a consumer desires to purchase a product from Merchant A and Merchant B, the consumer will have to navigate each merchant&#39;s site. Today, either the Web shopping sites direct the consumer to another merchant Web site, or they place the merchant&#39;s Web site within a frame on one of their main pages. A problem with this approach is that the consumer does not have a consistent look and feel. What is needed is a shopping site that provides a uniform ordering and navigation from multiple merchants. 
     As e-commerce has developed, the term “shopping basket” or “shopping cart” has become commonly known on the Internet to refer to a virtual shopping cart where the consumer stores the products and/or services he/she is interested in purchasing while browsing a particular merchant&#39;s Web site. A shopping cart typically allows a consumer to add or delete products, specify attributes, such as color, quantity, size, and the like, and purchase products contained within the cart. Once the consumer has completed his/her selections of the products he or she is interested in purchasing, the consumer typically clicks on a link on one of the merchant&#39;s Web pages to purchase the contents of the shopping basket. A problem with the shopping carts, however, is that they are specific to each merchant. Another problem is that the shopping carts do not allow a consumer to keep products from different merchants not purchased in their shopping cart from one visit to the next shopping site. It would be desirable, therefore, to have a shopping cart that would maintain the items in the cart persistently until the consumer decides to delete the product or purchase the product. 
     Another problem is that the shopping site may “lose” the consumer after the consumer becomes interested in a product. For example, assume the shopping site returned two products from two different merchants based on the consumer&#39;s criteria. If the consumer clicks on the link for the first product the shopping site may either direct the consumer to Merchant A or may provide the merchant&#39;s site within a frame of the shopping site. Nevertheless, the consumer at this point is able to go directly to the merchant&#39;s site and bypass the shopping site when purchasing the products. It would be desirable, therefore, to provide a method and system by which consumers would not be directed to other merchants even though products they purchase may come from other merchants. 
     Accordingly, a method and system are needed that provide a consumer with a uniform ordering and navigation tool through multiple merchants. The method and system should enable the consumer to order products from multiple merchants using a single shopping cart. In addition, the method and system should provide the consumer with a consistent look and feel regardless of the merchant from whom the consumer is ordering products. Further, the method and system should provide a consistent matter of inputting and returning matches to a consumer searching a merchant&#39;s Web site. The present invention solves these problems as well as others presented by the prior art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to providing a method, apparatus and system for a universal shopping cart (“USC”) and order injection system In particular, the present invention is directed to providing a shopping cart that obtains products for a consumer across many different merchant sites while maintaining a consistent user interface for the consumer no matter from which merchant the products are retrieved or obtained. More specifically, the USC allows a consumer to search for, monitor and order products from many different merchants located on the Internet. The consumer completes all of their shopping on the shopping site provided by the present invention and is not directed to another merchant&#39;s site to complete an order. In one embodiment of the invention, the USC provides a monitoring service allowing the consumer to monitor a product for specified criteria. For example, the consumer may monitor a particular product for price. 
     The order injection system places orders for products contained within the USC from affiliated and non-affiliated merchants. Specific ordering details required from merchants external to the shopping site are hidden from the consumer. For example, if the external merchant site requires a consumer account before allowing the product to be purchased, the shopping site creates a new consumer account without intervention from the consumer. Once the products are ordered, the consumer may keep track of the ordered products from the shopping site. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  (Prior Art) is an illustration of a representative portion of an internetwork such as the Internet; 
         FIG. 2  is a pictorial diagram of a number of servers connected to an internetwork which allow a consumer device also connected to the internetwork to purchase products and/or services using a USC in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram illustrating several of the components of a consumer device; 
         FIG. 4  is a block diagram illustrating several of the components of an e-commerce server; 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram illustrating several of the components of a reputation server; 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram illustrating several of the components of a merchant server; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating the actions taken by a consumer device, an e-commerce server, a reputation server and one or more merchant servers to allow a consumer to purchase products and/or services using a USC in accordance with the present inventions; 
         FIG. 8  is an overview flow diagram illustrating a process for shopping and ordering products; 
         FIGS. 9-12  are exemplary Web pages illustrating shopping display on an e-commerce site; 
         FIG. 13  is a flow chart illustrating selecting a product to add to a USC; 
         FIG. 14  is a flow chart illustrating scraping information on a product to add to aUSC; 
         FIG. 15  is an exemplary Web page illustrating logging on to an e-commerce site; 
         FIG. 16  is a flow chart illustrating user authentication; 
         FIG. 17  is a flow chart illustrating reputation gathering by a reputation server; 
         FIGS. 18-20  are exemplary Web pages illustrating logging on to an e-commerce site; 
         FIG. 21  is a flow chart illustrating a check out process for the USC; 
         FIG. 22  is a flow chart illustrating defining shipping information; 
         FIG. 23  is a flow chart illustrating the order creation process; 
         FIG. 24  is a flow chart illustrating defining billing information; 
         FIG. 25  is a flow chart illustrating the payment process; 
         FIG. 26  is a flow chart illustrating the checkout process; 
         FIG. 27  is a flow chart illustrating an order injection process; and 
         FIG. 28  is a flow chart illustrating an order injection gateway process. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As will be better understood from the following description, the present invention is embodied at least in part in a Web site accessible via the Internet. As is well known by those skilled in the art, the term “Internet” refers to the collection of networks and routers that use the transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (“TCP/IP”) or next generation protocols to communicate with one another. A representative section of the Internet  100  is shown in  FIG. 1 . A plurality of local area networks (“LANs”)  120  in a wide area network (“WAN”)  130  are interconnected by routers  110 . The routers  110  are special purpose computers used to interface one LAN or WAN to another. Communication links within the LANs may be twisted wire, coaxial cable, fiber-optic, wireless links or other communication links known to those skilled in the art. While communication links between networks may utilize analog telephone lines, digital lines, fiber-optic, wireless or other communication links known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, computers, such as remote computers  140 , and other related electronic devices such as telephones, personal digital assistants (“PDAs”), etc., can be remotely connected to either the LANs  120  or WANs  130  via a modem (not shown) and a temporary communication link, such as a telephone line or wireless connection (shown as a dotted line). As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the Internet  100  comprises a vast number of such interconnected networks, computers, and routers and that only a small, representative portion is shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     The Internet  100  has recently seen explosive growth by virtue of its ability to link computers located throughout the world. As the Internet  100  has grown, so has the Web. As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art, the Web is a vast collection of interconnected or “hypertext” documents formatted in the HyperText Markup Language (“HTML”) or other markup languages that are electronically stored at Web sites throughout the Internet  100 . A Web site resides on a server computer such as the e-commerce server  400  illustrated in  FIG. 4  connected to the Internet  100  that has storage facilities for storing hypertext documents and that runs Web server software  460  for handling requests for those stored hypertext documents. A hypertext document normally includes a number of hyperlinks, usually displayed on a monitor as highlighted portions of text, which link the document to another hypertext document stored at the same Web site or some other Web site located elsewhere on the Internet  100 . Each hyperlink is associated with a Uniform Resource Locator (“URL”) that provides the location of the linked document on the Web server connected to the Internet. Thus, whenever a hypertext document is retrieved from any Web server, the document is considered to be retrieved from the Web. As is known to those skilled in the art, a Web server may also include facilities for storing and transmitting application programs, such as application programs written in the JAVA® programming language from Sun Microsystems for execution on a remote computer. Likewise, a Web server may also include facilities for executing scripts and other programs on the Web server itself. 
     A consumer or other remote user may retrieve hypertext documents from the Web via a Web browser application program. A Web browser, such as the NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR® browser or the MICROSOFT® Internet Explorer browser, is a software application program for providing a user interface with the Web. Upon request from the consumer via the Web browser, the Web browser accesses and retrieves the desired hypertext document from the appropriate Web server using the URL for the document and a protocol known as hypertext transfer protocol (“HTTP”). HTTP is a higher level protocol than TCP/IP and is designed specifically for the requirements of the Web. It is used on top of TCP/IP to transfer hypertext documents between servers and clients. The Web browser may also retrieve application programs from the Web server, such as JAVA applets, for execution on the consumer device  300 . It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that protocols other than HTTP may be used. For example, a URL might designate the file transfer protocol (“FTP”) or Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol (“HTTPS”). 
     The present invention is directed to providing a USC allowing the ordering and purchasing of products from many different merchants on the Internet. One embodiment of the invention provides a USC having a common user interface. The common user interface allows the consumer to purchase products from different merchants using the same user interface. For example, if a consumer is searching for books, videos and appliances, the consumer will likely be presented with books, videos and appliances from several different merchants. The consumer, however, will be able to order Book A from Merchant A, and Book B from Merchant B using the same ordering form. 
     A system  200  of computers and devices to which the e-commerce server  400  is connected and to which the consumer device  300  is also connected is shown in more detail in  FIG. 2 . In addition to the consumer device  300  and the e-commerce server  400 , the system  200  includes a reputation server  500  and at least one merchant server  600 . Although in one embodiment the consumer device  300  is a personal computer, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the consumer device  300  could be a wireless device such as a pager, a cellular telephone, Web-enabled landline telephone, PDA or any other type of consumer device  300  capable of communicating with the e-commerce server  400 . Moreover, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that while only one consumer device  300 , one e-commerce server  400  and one reputation server  500  are depicted in  FIG. 2 , numerous consumer devices  300 , e-commerce servers  400  and reputation servers  500  may be interconnected to operate in accordance with the present invention. 
     In one embodiment of the invention, the e-commerce server  400  generates Web pages containing product information that can be viewed by the consumer using standard Web browsers. In another embodiment, the e-commerce server  400  creates a network presence, in which the e-commerce server  400  sends a customized data stream containing product and merchant information over the network to the consumer devices  300 . The consumer device  300  runs a proprietary program that produces a user interface configured to accept the customized data stream and to allow the consumer to view product information, select products, and order products all using the same interface. 
       FIG. 3  depicts several of the key components of a consumer device  300  used by a consumer to order products via the Internet in accordance with the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the consumer device  300  includes many more components than those shown in  FIG. 3 . However, it is not necessary that all of these generally conventional components be shown in order to disclose an illustrative embodiment for practicing the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the consumer device  300  includes a network interface unit  330  for connecting to a LAN  120  or WAN  130 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the network interface unit  330  includes the necessary circuitry for such a connection, and is also constructed for use with the TCP/IP protocol, the particular network configuration of the LAN  120  or WAN  130  it is connecting to, and a particular type of coupling medium. Alternatively, the consumer device  300  may also be equipped with a modem for connecting to the Internet through a point to point protocol (“PPP”) connection or a serial line Internet protocol (“SLIP”) connection as known to those skilled in the art. 
     The consumer device  300  also includes a central processing unit  310 , a display  340  and a memory  350  connected via a bus  320 . The memory  350  generally comprises random access memory (“RAM”), and read-only memory (“ROM”) and a persistent mass storage device such as a hard disk drive. The memory  350  stores an operating system  355  for controlling the operation of the consumer device  300 . The memory  350  also includes a Web browser  360 , such as the NETSCAPE NAVIGATOR® browser or the MICROSOFT® Internet Explorer browser, for accessing the Web. Web browser  360  may also store a JAVA virtual machine used to execute JAVA “applets” as known to those skilled in the art. It will be appreciated that these components may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into memory  350  of the consumer device  300  using a drive mechanism associated with the computer-readable medium, such as a floppy or a CD-ROM/DVD-ROM drive. 
       FIG. 4  depicts several of the components of an e-commerce server  400  used to implement the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the e-commerce server  400  includes many more components than those shown in  FIG. 4 . However, it is not necessary that all of these generally conventional components be shown in order to disclose an illustrative embodiment for practicing the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the e-commerce server  400  is connected to the Internet  100 , or other communications network, via a network interface unit  430 . Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the network interface unit  430  includes the necessary circuitry for connecting the e-commerce server  400  to the Internet  100 , and is constructed for use with the TCP/IP protocol. 
     The e-commerce server  400  also includes a central processing unit (“CPU”)  410 , a display  440 , and mass memory  450 , connected via a bus  420 . The memory  450  generally comprises RAM, ROM, and some form of persistent mass storage device, such as a hard disk drive, tape drive, optical drive (such as CD-ROM or DVD-ROM), floppy disk drive, or combination thereof. The memory  450  stores an operating system  455  for controlling the operation of the e-commerce server  400 . It will be appreciated that the operating system may be formed by any one of several server operating systems well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, such as UNIX®, MAC OS® or MICROSOFT® WINDOWS NT®. In addition, memory  450  stores Web server software  460 , as well as databases  465 ,  470 ,  475 ,  480  and  490  containing information on consumer, merchant, product, affiliate, and USC information respectively. 
     The memory  450  also stores the program code and data necessary for enabling a consumer to order products from multiple e-commerce sites via a USC in accordance with the present invention. More specifically, the memory  450  stores a USC service  485  which enables the consumer to order products from many different merchants, and an order injection program  475  which places orders for products contained within the USC with the appropriate merchants. In one embodiment of the invention, the reputation server  500  is stored on the e-commerce server  400 . 
       FIG. 5  depicts several of the key components of a reputation server  500  used to implement the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the reputation server  500  includes many more components then those shown in  FIG. 5 . However, it is not necessary that all of these generally conventional components be shown in order to disclose an illustrative embodiment for practicing the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 5 , the reputation server  500  includes a network interface unit  530  for connecting to a LAN  120  or WAN  130 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the network interface unit  530  includes the necessary circuitry for such a connection, and is also constructed for use with the TCP/IP protocol, the particular network configuration of the LAN  120  or WAN  130  it is connecting to, and a particular type of coupling medium. Alternatively, the reputation server  500  may also be equipped with a modem for connecting to the Internet through a PPP connection or a SLIP connection as known to those skilled in the art. 
     The reputation server  500  also includes a central processing unit  510 , a display  540  and a memory  550  connected via a bus  320 . The memory  550  generally comprises RAM, and ROM and a persistent mass storage device such as a hard disk drive. The memory  550  stores an operating system  555  for controlling the operation of the reputation server  500 . The memory  550  also includes a reputation service program  560  and a reputation database  565 . It will be appreciated that these components may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into memory  550  of the reputation server  500  using a drive mechanism associated with the computer-readable medium, such as a floppy or a CD-ROM/DVD-ROM drive. 
       FIG. 6  depicts several of the key components of a merchant server  600  used to implement the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the merchant server  600  includes many more components than those shown in  FIG. 6 . However, it is not necessary that all of these generally conventional components be shown in order to disclose an illustrative embodiment for practicing the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 6 , the merchant server  600  includes a network interface unit  630  for connecting to a LAN  120  or WAN  130 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the network interface unit  630  includes the necessary circuitry for such a connection, and is also constructed for use with the TCP/IP protocol, the particular network configuration of the LAN  120  or WAN  130  it is connecting to, and a particular type of coupling medium. Alternatively, the merchant server  600  may also be equipped with a modem for connecting to the Internet through a PPP connection or a SLIP connection as known to those skilled in the art. 
     The merchant server  600  also includes a central processing unit  610 , a display  640  and a memory  650  connected via a bus  620 . The memory  650  generally comprises RAM, and ROM and a persistent mass storage device such as a hard disk drive. The memory  650  stores an operating system  655  for controlling the operation of the merchant server  600 . The memory  650  also includes a Web server program  660  and a purchase service program  665 . It will be appreciated that these components may be stored on a computer-readable medium and loaded into memory  650  of the merchant server  600  using a drive mechanism associated with the computer-readable medium, such as a floppy or a CD-ROM/DVD-ROM drive. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates the actions taken by the consumer device  300 , the e-commerce server  400 , the merchant server(s)  600 , and the reputation server  500  to make a purchase request using a USC in accordance with the present invention. The interactions of the various actions are illustrated and described in greater detail later with reference to the diagrams shown in  FIGS. 8 ,  13 ,  16  and  21 - 28 . Returning to  FIG. 7 , the purchase process is initiated when a consumer accesses  704  a shopping site via the Internet  100  using the Web browser  360  installed on the consumer device  300 . The e-commerce server  400  then creates  708  a USC for the consumer. The e-commerce server  400  then requests  712  and receives  716  product information from merchant server(s)  600  for display  720  to the consumer on the consumer device  300 . The consumer then selects  724  product(s) to add to the USC. The e-commerce server  400  adds  728  the products that the consumer selected to the USC. The consumer may then request to check out  732 . The e-commerce server  400  would then show the consumer device  300  the contents of the USC  736  and would then request that the consumer authenticate themselves  740  before checking out. The consumer would then provide authenticating information  744 . After receiving the authenticating information, the e-commerce server  400  would then retrieve  748  the consumer&#39;s account information. The e-commerce server  400  may also request  752  reputation information (such as their credit worthiness, record of past payments, numbers of product returns and other reputation influencing information) on the consumer from a reputation server  500 . The reputation server  500  returns the consumer&#39;s reputation information  756  to the e-commerce server  400 . The e-commerce server then confirms to the consumer device  300  that the authentication was successful  760 . The consumer is then given a final chance to approve the purchase  764 . Once approved the e-commerce serve  400  proceeds to request order(s)  768  from merchant server(s)  600  who then in turn create order(s)  772 . Each merchant may then log reputation information  776  with the reputation server  500 . After the order status changes (e.g., from “on order” to “shipped”) the merchant server(s)  600  send an updated order status  784  to the e-commerce server  400 . The consumer device  300  may then at some point query  788  and receive  792  from the e-commerce server  400  a status update on the order. 
     It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the order of the operations in  FIG. 7  may be altered without substantially affecting the operation of the present invention. For example, the consumer may begin the authentication process before selecting any products. 
     The present invention is directed to providing a shopping cart that obtains products for a consumer across many different merchant sites while maintaining a consistent user interface for the consumer no matter from which merchant the products are retrieved or obtained. Instead of redirecting the consumer to an external site when the consumer selects a product located on an external merchant site, the e-commerce server  400  maintains control of the consumer throughout the entire shopping process. Accordingly,  FIG. 8  illustrates an exemplary overview logic routine  800  illustrating the present invention. Routine  800  starts at block  801  and proceeds to block  805  where a consumer accesses the shopping site (see  FIG. 9  and description below). At decision block  810  a determination is made as to whether the consumer has been authenticated. For an authenticated consumer, processing continues to decision block  850  where it is determined whether the consumer has an existing cart. If the consumer has an existing cart, then the cart is retrieved at block  855  from the USC database  490  and modified at block  835  if required. If no cart exists, routine  800  creates an empty USC in block  815 . 
     Once the USC has been created in block  815 , the consumer may then browse or search through products in block  820  (see  FIG. 10  and description below) and select those products they wish to purchase (block  1300 , see  FIG. 13  and description below). As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, identifying and searching for products can be done in many different ways. For example, in one embodiment of the invention, the consumer enters information about the products into a search engine. Based on the information input into the search engine, a list of products is returned to the consumer on a Web page. In another embodiment of the invention, the search engine searches a product database  470  stored on the e-commerce server  400  containing a list of currently available products from many different merchants. In another embodiment, the search engine searches external databases that are not contained on the e-commerce server  400  but are located on remote computers. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, many different search engines can be used. In yet another embodiment, a classification system is established that divides goods or services into categories of specific types. For example, categories can include, among many others, clothes, books, music, video, jewelry and the like. 
     The shopping search results containing products matching the search criteria are then returned and reviewed by the consumer. In one embodiment, the consumer browses these results on a Web page (see  FIG. 11  and description below) provided by the e-commerce server  400 . In another embodiment, the search results are sent electronically to a wireless device, such as a telephone, or PDA. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, wireless devices are more restricted by the amount of information they may display as compared to a personal computer. Therefore, the information sent to the wireless device is formatted for viewing on a wireless device. Well known presentation formats for wireless devices are Handheld Device Markup Language (“HDML”) documents and Wireless Markup Language (“WML”) documents. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the arts, HDML and WML documents may be viewed on conventional microbrowsers such as phone.com&#39;s™. UP.link microbrowsers. If the consumer is interested in a particular product, the product may be added to the consumer&#39;s USC in block  830 . In one embodiment of the invention, the consumer selects (block  1300 ) the product by clicking on a hyperlink to add the product to the cart. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, there are many methods of selecting a product. For example, a consumer may drag an icon or hyperlink representing the product to an icon or hyperlink representing the USC. 
     For clarity of illustration, the phrase “product type” will be used to described a type of merchandise that is sold be several merchants. For example, an “NEC 17 inch LCD monitor” is a “product type”. The phrase “product” will be used to describe an item that is carried by a particular merchant. For example, an “NEC 17 inch LCD monitor from Circuit City” is a “product”. When a consumer selects a product, both the product type and the merchant are determined. 
     In the present invention, once a selected product is added to the USC in block  830 , the consumer may modify the cart in block  835  by changing products (line items) in the cart; setting triggers; or modifying a wish list. For example, the consumer may modify the attributes associated with each product (line item) contained within the cart. In one embodiment of the present invention, modifying attributes includes editing the quantity of the product, deleting the product from the cart or changing product attributes. Changing attribute may include such things as color, size, material and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, this information is modified using standard HTML. Modifying the cart may also include clearing products from the cart and/or setting a cart expiration. More specifically, the consumer would click on a button on a Web page to remove the products from the cart. Since a cart may be retrieved at a later date, a consumer may decide to have the cart expire on its own at a specified time. 
     For example, the consumer enters a time and date into a Web page form (not shown) provided by the e-commerce server  400 . A time process keeps track of the consumer specified expiration date and removes the products at the specified time. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that yet other triggers may be set by the consumer manually and by the USC automatically. In one embodiment of the invention, the consumer may set triggers for price alerts, expiration of product(s) within the cart, and the like. The consumer sets price alert triggers by specifying a price at which the trigger is activated. For example, if the consumer desires to be notified when Product X is at or lower than $10.00 then the consumer enters $10.00 into an input form provided by the e-commerce server  400 . In another embodiment, the consumer may specify a price at which the product should be removed from the cart. The consumer may also specify a time when the item should be automatically removed from the cart. 
     In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the USC automatically sets triggers for when a quantity of a product is low, or the SKU is ready to expire. For each product in the cart a trigger may be set by the USC for when a product&#39;s SKU is going to expire. The SKU expiration date typically depends on the type of product as well as location of the product. In one embodiment of the invention, affiliated merchants provide SKU information directly to the shopping site that is then used to set the expiration date. In another embodiment of the invention, the non-affiliated merchants are scraped to determine this information. 
     In addition, a cart may be modified if there are products that have outdated or expired SKU numbers. Updating the cart helps to ensure that all of the product information available to the consumer is up to date. For example, if a product has been in a cart persistently for several weeks the product information may have changed since the consumer last accessed their cart. In one embodiment, automatic triggers are implemented to modify the cart. If the consumer has not been authenticated, an empty cart is created for the consumer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cart is created using HTML. Products are displayed as hyperlinks, which when selected provide the consumer with more information. All of the products, whether retrieved from an affiliated site or a non-affiliated site, are displayed in the same manner to the consumer. In one embodiment of the invention, the consumer may log on to the shopping site and be authenticated, as shown in exemplary log in Web page  1500  shown in  FIG. 15 , at any time after accessing the shopping site. The consumer may also remain anonymous while shopping until immediately before purchasing products or saving the state of the cart as illustrated in blocks  815  through  840 . 
     The consumer may also modify his/her consumer account information. In one embodiment of the invention the consumer may modify their residential and billing addresses, billing information, shipping address, account password and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, this information is modified through forms provided by the e-commerce server  400 . 
     After any updates or modification have been made to the cart in block  835 , routine  800  proceeds to decision block  840 , where a determination is made as to whether the consumer desires to check out. If the consumer desires to check out, a determination is made in decision block  845  as to whether the consumer needs to be authenticated. If the consumer has already been authenticated (i.e., the consumer was authenticated earlier in the process) the products in the cart are then ordered (block  2100 , see  FIG. 21  and description below) and routine  800  ends with block  899 . Otherwise, the consumer is authenticated at this time (block  1600 , see  FIGS. 16  and description below). If at decision block  865  it is found that the consumer was successfully authenticated, then the products are ordered (block  2100 ) and routine  800  ends at block  899 . If the consumer was not found to be authenticated in decision block  845  and the authentication was found to be unsuccessful in decision block  865 , then routine  800  ends without a purchase at block  899 . 
       FIGS. 9-12  illustrate exemplary Web pages for browsing, searching and selecting a product in accordance with the present invention. Exemplary Web page  900  presents a number of categories of products that a consumer may choose to order. Web page  1000  illustrates an exemplary Web page forms having fields for searching for specific products. The results of an exemplary search are shown in Web page  1100 . After selecting a product from Web page  1100 , a consumer might see a Web page such as exemplary selection Web page  1200  where the consumer is presented with the detailed description of the selected product along with a list of prices and handling details from different merchants. 
     As noted above,  FIG. 13  is a diagram  1300  illustrating selecting a product from a shopping site on a merchant server  600  in accordance with the present invention. In one embodiment of the invention, the consumer enters search criteria to locate products as illustrated in exemplary Web page  1000 . After selecting a product in Web page  1100  and a merchant in Web Page  1200 , subroutine  1300  proceeds to add the selected product to the USC. 
     Subroutine  1300  starts at block  1301  and proceeds to decision block  1305  where it is determined whether a static shopping page (e.g., hard-coded html Web pages) or a non-static shopping page (e.g., script-based pages, or some other form of dynamically generated HTML pages) is to be searched. If page to be searched is a static page, subroutine  1300  searches for the product amongst static shopping pages in block  1310  retrieved from the product database  470 . 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, the product database  470  maintains product information on products maintained by the shopping site. Product information is also maintained from affiliated merchants. An affiliated merchant is a merchant who has a business relationship with the shopping site. Typically, the affiliated merchant provides the product information directly to the shopping site. Alternatively, the shopping site accesses the product information from the affiliate. Product information may also be maintained on products carried by non-affiliated merchants and stored in the product database  470 . 
     Returning now to decision block  1305 , if the shopping page is not static, then subroutine  1300  searches for the product amongst the non-static shopping pages (i.e., dynamically generated Web pages from scripts or common gateway interface programs) in block  1335  on the merchant server  600 . An example of a product with a non-static SKU is a magazine, which has a different SKU for each issue. In one embodiment of the invention, this product information is obtained by scraping a non-affiliated merchant server&#39;s  600  Web site. For a description of scraping please refer to  FIG. 14  described below and to commonly owned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/237,169 filed Jan. 25, 1999 and entitled WEB SCRAPING ENGINE, which is incorporated herein by reference. Once enough product information has been gathered to determine the SKU, the SKU information is then stored. In block  1340 , information on the product is updated after successful scraping of a merchant server&#39;s Web site. 
     Processing continues in block  1315 , a product key is generated to uniquely identifies the SKU of a product and the merchant associated with the product. The product key is required because different merchants may carry products of the same product type, which have the same SKU. Then in block  1320  a parent SKU is selected. A parent SKU is a SKU that defines the product in its basic form, for example “Levi&#39;s Jeans” a child SKU has modifiers to the parent SKU, for example “Blue, size 32 waist 34 length.” So block  1320  normalizes the product information and breaks out the product attributes. 
     Once the SKU is normalized, we check in block  1325  to see if it is “static” (e.g. residing in our product database  470 ). If so, we proceed to block  1330  where a SKU object is determined, if not then a “Virtual SKU” is added to the product database  470  in block  1345  which may cache the SKU so that it can be accessed again. In some embodiments the caches SKU either goes away at some point or in other embodiments the SKU becomes a “static” SKU and is added to the product database  470  as a static SKU. Processing then ends in block  1399  where a SKU object is returned to the calling routine. 
     As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the SKU and product information may be stored in many different locations. For example, the SKU and product information could be stored on other remote computers. 
       FIG. 14  is a flow diagram illustrating a routine  1400  for scraping a Web site with reference to a particular SKU. Routine  1400  starts at block  1401  and proceeds to decision block  1405  that checks if the SKU has expired. If the SKU has not expired, then routine  1400  returns a success at block  1499 . Otherwise, if the SKU has expired then routine continues to block  1410  where the SKU Web pages are scraped to update information on the SKU. If the scrape was successful (i.e., the product information was retrieved) then the SKU&#39;s record is updated in block  1420  in the product database  470 . If the scrape was unsuccessful then routine proceeds to block  1425  where the site profiler (either an autonomous profiling program or an administrator for the e-commerce server) is notified that information is unavailable and a record of the failed scrape is logged to the data warehouse  499 . Routine  1400  then returns a failure at block  1498 . 
     As discussed above with respect to  FIGS. 7 ,  8  and  15 , before a consumer can complete a purchase they must authenticate themselves. Additionally, for a merchant to initiate an interaction with the e-commerce server they too must authenticate themselves.  FIG. 16  is a flow diagram illustrating a routine  1600  for authenticating either a consumer or a merchant. For purposes of  FIG. 16 , a “user” may be either a merchant or a consumer. In one embodiment of the invention, the routine starts at block  1601  and at block  1605 , the user is requested to login to the system by specifying identifying information such as a username and password in a Web page  1500  such as that shown in  FIG. 15 . At block  1610 , the local user&#39;s ID is retrieved from the user interface, such as a Web page. The local ID and ID information are combined in block  1615  and used to retrieve account information from the consumer database  465 , merchant database  475  and affiliate database  480 . At decision block  1620  a determination is made as to whether an account already exists for this user. If the account is not found, the consumer is asked to sign up for a new account in block  1635 . In one embodiment of the invention, a new account is created by requesting the user to enter a unique identifier and password into a form on a Web page maintained by the e-commerce server  400 . Once the user has entered a unique identifier and password, decision block  1640  determines if the information entered is unique and complete. If the information is unique and complete a new account is created for the user and routine  1600  ends with a successful authentication in block  1699 . Otherwise, the new user is returned to the new user sign up screen in block  1635  to select a different user name/ID, password or both. Blocks  1635 - 1640  are repeated until the information entered by the user is unique and complete. If the consumer already established an account, as determined by decision block  1620 , the consumer information or merchant information, is run through a reputation server  500  in block  1625  by retrieving the consumer&#39;s reputation from the reputation database  565 . At decision block  1630 , a determination is made as to whether the consumer or merchant is in good standing with the reputation server  500 . If the consumer or merchant is in good standing, the authentication passes as indicated by block  1699 , otherwise the authentication fails in block  1698  and the consumer or merchant is not allowed to proceed in the shopping process. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, many different authentication processes may be used. 
       FIG. 17  is a flow chart  1700  illustrating reputation gathering for a reputation server  500 . As noted above, the reputation server  500  is a tool used by the consumer and merchant in order to selectively identify merchants and/or consumers with whom they desire to transact business. The process begins in a block  1701  and proceeds to a decision block  1705  where a determination is made as to whether the entity is a consumer or merchant. 
     If the person is a merchant, polling information is requested of the merchant as to the experience with a particular consumer in block  1710 . For example, the merchant may be polled on information such as overall experience with the consumer, did the consumer pay on time, did the consumer return the product, did the consumer complain, etc., and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, the polling information is presented to the merchant as a form on an HTML Web page provided by the e-commerce server  400 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, polling information may be obtained in many different ways. If the person is a consumer, polling information is requested of the consumer as to the experience with a particular merchant in block  1725 . For example, the consumer may be polled on information such as overall experience with the merchant, price of the merchant, shipping costs of the merchant, and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, the polling information is presented to the consumer as a form on an HTML Web page provided by the e-commerce server  400 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art polling information may be obtained in many different ways. For example, the polling information could be collected via a phone interview with the consumer or merchant, or could be collected through an e-mail questionnaire. 
     Once the polling information is provided, in either block  1710  or block  1725 , the information is added to the reputation server in block  1715 . Then in block  1720  the data warehouse  499  is further mined for automated reputation influencing information for stored transactions by the merchant and/or consumer. Reputation influencing information may include such things as whether the merchant shipped the product within the time they promised, or whether the price paid to the merchant was more or less that was originally offered. On the consumer side, reputation influencing information might include such things as whether a consumer failed to pay a bill, or whether they provided false information. In one embodiment of the invention, the polling data for the reputation server  500  is stored in a reputation database  565  in the memory  550  of the reputation server  500 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, reputation databases  565  could be constructed many different ways. For example, the reputation database  565  could be a list of undesirable merchants or consumers stored in a text file. If the name of a merchant or consumer is contained within the text file, the consumer or merchant would not be approved by the reputation server  500 . Routine  1700  ends in block  1799 . 
       FIG. 21  illustrates a flow chart  2100  for checking out from a shopping session using a USC as further illustrated in exemplary Web page  1800  shown in  FIG. 18 . Routine  2100  starts at block  2101  and proceeds to block  2105  where a consumer&#39;s authentication (from the login process in routine  1600 ) is verified. In decision block  2110  a determination is made whether the consumer is still authenticated (e.g., no session time-out or shutting down of the connection between logging in and checking out). If the consumer is no longer authenticated, then the routine ends at block  2198  returning a failure. Otherwise, for an authenticated consumer, processing continues to block  2200 . 
     In one embodiment of the invention, shipping details for the products selected by the consumer and present in the cart are defined in a block  2200  (see  FIG. 22  and description below). After determining the shipping details, decision block  2115  determines if there are any price incentives or promotions for the products to be ordered. In one embodiment of the invention, the price incentives are stored in the product database  470 . If there are price incentives, the price incentives are retrieved and applied to the affected products in block  2120 . Pricing information and details are then collected and calculated as indicated by block  2300  (see  FIG. 23  and description below). Total pricing information including shipping and taxes is then shown to the consumer for purchase confirmation in block  2125 . Decision block  2130  illustrates that the consumer may decide whether to accept the total. If the consumer does not accept the confirmation, then the check-out fails and a failure is returned in block  2198 . Otherwise, if the consumer accepts the total, then the billing and prepayment process for the products begins (see  FIG. 24  and description below). In one embodiment of the invention, the order is in the form of an XML string. The XML string contains merchant IDs, consumer address, consumer name, product information (quantity, price, attributes, and the like), shipping information, and billing information. An exemplary XML document might look like: 
     TABLE-US-00001 1 &lt;?xml version=“1.0”?&gt; &lt;order id=“[#]” date=“[M/d/yyyy h:mm:ss a]” currency=“1” subtotal=“[$]” shippingcosts=“[$]” tax1total=“[$]” tax2total=“[$]” tax3total=“[$]” tax4total=“[$]” grandtotal=“[$]”&gt; &lt;merchant id=“[#]”/&gt; &lt;purchasedata&gt; &lt;authentication&gt; &lt;login&gt;[Login to be used during purchase or empty tag.]&lt;/login&gt; &lt;password&gt;[Password to be used during purchase or empty tag.]&lt;/password&gt; &lt;/authentication&gt; &lt;shipto&gt; &lt;name&gt; &lt;prefix&gt;[“Dr.”.vertline.“Mr.”.vertline.“Mrs.”.vertline.“Ms.”]&lt;/p-refix&gt; &lt;first&gt;[First name of line items receiver.]&lt;/first&gt; &lt;last&gt;[Last name of line items receiver.]&lt;/last&gt; &lt;/name&gt; &lt;company&gt;[Receiver&#39;s company name or empty tag.]&lt;/company&gt; &lt;address1&gt;[Receiver&#39;s address.]&lt;/address1&gt; &lt;address2&gt;[Additional address info or empty tag.]&lt;/address2&gt; &lt;city&gt;[Receiver&#39;s city name.]&lt;/city&gt; &lt;state&gt;[Receiver&#39;s state in 2-letter US postal code format]&lt;/state&gt; &lt;zip&gt;[Receiver&#39;s 5-digit US zip code.]&lt;/zip&gt; &lt;country&gt;US&lt;/country&gt; &lt;phone&gt;&lt;areacode&gt;[Receiver&#39;s 3-digit area code.]&lt;/areacode&gt; &lt;exchange&gt;[First three digits of receiver&#39;s phone number.]&lt;/exchange&gt; &lt;number&gt;[Last four digits of receiver&#39;s phone number.]&lt;/number&gt; &lt;extension&gt;[Receiver&#39;s phone extension or empty tag.]&lt;/extension&gt; &lt;/phone&gt; &lt;email&gt; &lt;user&gt;[Username portion of receiver&#39;s e-mail address.]&lt;/user&gt; &lt;host&gt;[Hostname portion of receiver&#39;s e-mail address.]&lt;/host&gt; &lt;/email&gt; &lt;/shipto&gt; &lt;billto&gt; &lt;name&gt; &lt;prefix&gt;[“Dr.”.vertline.“Mr.”.vertline.“Mrs.”.vertline.“Ms.”]&lt;/p-refix&gt; &lt;/first&gt;[First name of line items buyer.]&lt;/first&gt; &lt;last&gt;[Last name of line items buyer.]&lt;/last&gt; &lt;/name&gt; &lt;company&gt;[Buyer&#39;s company name or empty tag.]&lt;/company&gt; &lt;address1&gt;[Buyer&#39;s address.]&lt;/address1&gt; &lt;address2&gt;[Additional address info or empty tag.]&lt;/address2&gt;&lt;city&gt;[Buyer&#39;s city name.]&lt;/city&gt; &lt;state&gt;[Buyer&#39;s state in 2-letter US postal code format]&lt;/state&gt; &lt;zip&gt;[Buyer&#39;s 5-digit US zip code.]&lt;/zip&gt; &lt;country&gt;US&lt;/country&gt; &lt;phone&gt; &lt;areacode&gt;[Buyer&#39;s 3-digit area code.]&lt;/areacode&gt; &lt;exchange&gt;[First three digits of buyer&#39;s phone number.]&lt;/exchange&gt; &lt;number&gt;[Last four digits of buyer&#39;s phone number.]&lt;/number&gt; &lt;extension&gt;[Buyer&#39;s phone extension or empty tag.]&lt;/extension&gt; &lt;/phone&gt; &lt;email&gt; &lt;user&gt;[Username portion of buyer&#39;s e-mail address.]&lt;/user&gt; &lt;host&gt;[Hostname portion of buyer&#39;s e-mail address.]&lt;/host&gt; &lt;/email&gt; &lt;/billto&gt; &lt;shippingpreference id=“[#]”&gt;[“Overnight Delivery”.vertline.“2nd Day Air”.vertline.“Standard”] &lt;/shippingpreference&gt; &lt;payment&gt; &lt;paymenttype id=[#]“&gt;[American Express”.vertline.“Carte Blanche”.vertline.“Diner&#39;s Club” .vertline.“Discover”.vertline.“J-CB”.vertline.“Master Card”.vertline.“Visa”] &lt;/paymenttype&gt; &lt;cardholdername&gt; &lt;/first&gt;[First name of credit card holder.]&lt;/first&gt; &lt;last&gt;[Last name of credit card holder.]&lt;/last&gt; &lt;/cardholdername&gt; &lt;creditcardnumber&gt; &lt;/firstgroup&gt;[First four digits of credit card number.]&lt;/firstgroup&gt; &lt;secondgroup&gt;[Secon-d four digits of credit card number.]&lt;/secondgroup&gt; &lt;thirdgroup&gt;[Third four digits of credit card number.]&lt;/thirdgroup&gt; &lt;/fourthgroup&gt;[Fourth four digits of credit card number.]&lt;/fourthgroup&gt; &lt;/creditcardnumber&gt; &lt;securitycode&gt;[Credit card&#39;s 3-digit security code or empty tag.]&lt;/securitycode&gt; &lt;expiryyear&gt;[“2000”-“2010”]&lt;/expiryyear&gt; &lt;expirymonth&gt;[“01”-“12”]&lt;/expirymonth&gt; &lt;/payment&gt; &lt;/purchasedata&gt; &lt;lineitemlist&gt; &lt;lineitem id=“[#]” sku=“[#]” quantity=“M” listprice=“N” saleprice=“[$]” linetotal=“N” associatedlineitemid=“[#]”giftlineitemid=“[#]”&gt; &lt;productname&gt;[Human readable product name.]&lt;/productname&gt; &lt;producturl&gt;[Fully specified URL of product page.]&lt;/producturl&gt; &lt;/lineitem&gt; &lt;/lineitemlist&gt; &lt;/order&gt; 
     As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, the order could be formed in many different ways. For example, the order could be stored in a text file containing the necessary information. Information is necessary if it is required to place an order with the merchant. However, some merchants do not need all the information that may be requested from the consumer. For example, not all merchants require day and evening telephone numbers. Additionally, if the information can be created during the ordering process based on the information provided in the order, the information is not necessary. Once the order is created, the order is sent to be processed by the e-commerce server (see  FIG. 26  and description below). Finally, the purchase transaction is logged to a data warehouse  499  in block  2135  and the checkout process returns a success in block  2199 . 
       FIG. 22  is a flow chart  2200  illustrating obtaining consumer information and obtaining shipping information from the consumer. In one embodiment of the invention, consumer information is retrieved from a database on the e-commerce server  400  in block  2205 . The consumer information contains the consumer&#39;s name, addresses, billing information (if provided), and the like. At block  2210 , the product information from the consumer&#39;s USC is retrieved. If the consumer already has provided shipping information, then decision block  2215  proceeds directly to displaying an address confirmation at block  2225 , otherwise a new address is retrieved in block  2220  as shown in exemplary Web page  1900  illustrated in  FIG. 19 . 
     In alternate embodiments, the present invention may allow for shipping different products from the same USC to multiple locations. Accordingly, the shipping method would be determined for each merchant and for each product going to a different address from the same merchant. For example, one merchant may exclusively use UPS to ship its products, while another merchant may use Priority Mail, Federal Express, UPS and the like to ship products. In one embodiment of the invention, the shipping methods are obtained by scraping a merchant&#39;s site. In another embodiment of the invention, the shipping methods are maintained by the e-commerce server  400  and the methods are stored in a database in the memory  450  of the e-commerce server. If the consumer wishes to ship some or all of the products to different addresses, block  2220  would be repeated for each new address. 
     If an address (or addresses) was not confirmed as shown in exemplary Web page  2000  illustrated in  FIG. 20 , then decision block  2230  continues processing back at block  2220  where a new address is entered. Otherwise, decision block  2230  proceeds to decision block  2235 , which checks for any remaining shipping instructions. If there are any shipping instructions, then the processing of routine  2200  continues back at block  2205  where consumer information is retrieved again. If no shipping instructions remain, then routine  2200  returns in block  2299 . 
       FIG. 23  is a flowchart of subroutine  2300  called by the check out routine  2100  for creating an order from a USC. Subroutine  2300  starts in block  2301  and retrieves a reference to a merchant that has their product(s) in the universal shipping cart in block  2305 . If no merchant is retrieved then in decision block  2310  subroutine  2300  ends in block  2399 . Otherwise, the shipping costs for the merchant&#39;s product(s) are retrieved from the merchant in block  2315 . Then the taxes for the merchant&#39;s products are retrieved in block  2320 . The taxes and shipping costs are added to a running total for the order in block  2325 . The process then repeats itself for each merchant who has any product(s) in the consumer&#39;s USC. 
       FIG. 24  is a flowchart  2400  illustrating a subroutine called by the check out routine  2100  for obtaining billing details. In one embodiment of the present invention, a determination is made in block  2405  as to how many products in the cart come from different merchants. Routine  2400  then determines in block  2410  the minimum number of payments that are needed to pay all the merchants for all of the products. Decision block  2415  determines the payment methods supported by each merchant. For example, a consumer may have ordered three books from Merchant A and five videos from Merchant B. Merchant A may accept two forms of payment while Merchant B may accept four different forms of payment. If the same payment method is supported then, the common payment methods among the merchants are determined and presented to the consumer through a Web page in block  2420 . Otherwise payment method(s) are presented to the consumer and the consumer selects a form of payment for a merchant or possible group of merchants that will accept the same form of payment in block  2440 . The consumer then provides any necessary payment information in block  2425 . The payment is then processed by the payment subroutine  2500  (see  FIG. 25  described below). Processing continues to decision block  2430 . If decision block  2430  determines that the payment(s) were successful, then routine  2400  checks at decision block if any merchant(s) remain unpaid, if they do, then processing continues from block  2410 . If all merchant(s) have been paid, then routine  2400  returns from processing at block  2499 . 
       FIG. 25  illustrates an exemplary payment routine  2500  formed in accordance with the present invention. Routine  2500  begins at block  2501  and proceeds to block  2505  where the current order is received. From block  2505  routine  2500  continues to block  2510  where the merchant information corresponding to the merchant selected to supply product(s) in the current order is retrieved from the merchant database  475 . From block  2510  routine  2500  proceeds to decision block  2515  where the retrieved merchant information is examined to determine if the merchant supports automatic payments from the e-commerce server  400 . If automatic payments are not supported, then convention manual payment systems are used in block  2530  to send payment to the appropriate merchant server and routine  2500  returns a success in block  2599 . On the other hand, if decision block  2525  determines that automatic payments are supported, then an automatic payment is placed with the appropriate merchant server  600  in block  2520  and processing continues to decision block  2525 . If the automatic payment is found to be successful then a success is returned in block  2599 , otherwise processing continues to block  2598  and a failed payment is returned from routine  2500 . 
       FIG. 26  illustrates the routine  2600  called by the check out routine  2100  for processing an order on the e-commerce server  400 . Routine  2600  starts at block  2601  and proceeds to the block  2610  where the products from the USC are transferred to a transaction queue in the USC service  485 . The transaction queue then initiates the ordering process in block  2615 . The ordering process comprises two parts, one is sending the order to an order injection system subroutine  2700  (see  FIG. 27  and description below) which places orders for products in the USC on a merchant servers&#39; purchase service software  660 . The other part of the ordering process includes notifying the consumer and merchant(s) in block  2620  and deleting the USC in block  2625 , then routine  2600  returns at block  2699 . 
       FIG. 27  is a flowchart illustrating a routine  2700  for sending an order to an order injection gateway. The order injection gateway is called for the USC and it runs in its own independent asynchronous process to inject the orders to the merchants servers. As indicated by block  2705  the order injection gateway receives the order from the transaction queue. In one embodiment of the invention the order string is parsed to determine the merchant ID for each product ordered, the list of products to order, the consumer data necessary to order the products, as well as shipping and billing information. The order injection gateway determines, at decision block  2710 , as to whether or not the order is from an affiliate. If the order is from an affiliate, the order is sent directly to the affiliate in block  2715 . Otherwise, the order is placed with the non-affiliated site in block  2725 . In one embodiment of the invention, if the order is placed with a non-affiliated site the order injection system may have to log on to the non-affiliated site. Therefore, the order gateway automatically fills in the required information on the external merchant&#39;s site to create an account for the consumer. The required consumer information is obtained from the consumer account information. In one embodiment of the invention, the account information for the non-affiliated site is maintained by a database, and linked to the consumer&#39;s account information on the e-commerce server  400  for future use. Using the information obtained from the order injection process (see  FIG. 28  and description below), the order injection gateway routine  2800  fills in the required forms to place the order with the merchant in block  2800 . As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, every site will require a different process to order goods. For example, some merchants may require that a consumer be registered, while others do not require registration. The order number is received in block  2735  and stored for future access by the consumer. In one embodiment of the invention, the order number is stored along with the consumer&#39;s account information on the e-commerce server  400  in block  2740 . Routine  2700  continues to block  2745  where the injected order is removed from consideration. Then at decision block  2750  routine  2700  checks for any remaining orders. If any orders remain, processing branches back to decision block  2710 . If no orders remain, then routine  2700  returns from processing at block  2799 . Referring back to decision block  2710 , if the order is from an affiliate site, then processing in routine  2700  continues to block  2715  where the order is placed on the affiliate site (block  2715 ) and injected directly in affiliate site (block  2720 ). After which routine  2700  proceeds to block  2745  as described above. 
       FIG. 28  is a flowchart  2800  illustrating the order injection gateway process. The order injection gateway process may be repeated each time a there is an injection into a merchant&#39;s site. In essence, this will determine if the merchant has changed the site since the last time the injector built a parameterized script for the merchant&#39;s site. At block  2805 , services are obtained from the non-affiliated merchants. A service is any string, link, button, form, and the like contained on a Web page. In one embodiment of the invention, several instances of the same page are obtained from the external merchant using different accounts. For example, a copy of each page on a merchant&#39;s site is stored using different account information. Pattern matching (such as by using a regular expression parser) is then performed on the services to look for common characteristics of the service in block  2810 . Such common characteristics might include such characteristics as naming conventions, for example, HTML tags like FNAME or FIRST NAME that are then determined to mean the same thing. Then by observing the HTML text surrounding the fields to find information such as “SHIPPING ADDRESS” or “BILLING ADDRESS” it is possible to combine those elements (tags and text) to understand that the merchant&#39;s site wants the first name of the shopper&#39;s billing information as opposed to the first name of the shipping information. In one embodiment, the pattern matching is performed manually. In another embodiment, the pattern matching is performed using genetic algorithms. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, many different pattern matching techniques could be implemented. For example, string compares could be used looking for common occurrences of all strings. After pattern matching has been performed, decision block  2815  determines if the service is parameterized. A parameterized service is a service that allows for a consumer action. For example, a button and a fillable form are parameterized services. If the service is parameterized, an parameterized service is created for each state in block  2820 . For example a section of a form could be considered a state, such as Billing Address, or Shipping Address. The current state changes once the exit criteria is completed (e.g., all the mandatory info for billing Address state has been filled). In another example, a drop down menu will have as many states as there are buttons. Based on the previously obtained information, the process creates service equivalence classes in block  2825 . The service equivalence class is a class having the essential details required to navigate the non-affiliated merchant&#39;s site. Again using the Billing Address as an example, the service equivalence classes are all the elements that properties and methods need to complete the Billing Address as an object or service class. For example, The billing object may need a code to break the phone number up into three fields. As will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art, these services must be updated occasionally or they may no longer work. For example, if a merchant&#39;s site changes significantly, the automated ordering system will not be able to traverse the site. In one embodiment of the invention, this is done manually. In another embodiment of the invention, a Web crawler or spider, is used to retrieve pages on a regular basis to compare with the list of current services. Routine  2800  ends at block  2899 . 
     The embodiments of the present invention have been described in the consumer-merchant context in which the consumer orders products from merchants. The present invention can also be applied to a business-to-business e-commerce context to allow a buyer company to solicit bids from various supplier companies. In the past, the buyer company must initiate the bidding process with suppliers according to pre-existing protocols, and the protocols may be different for each supplier company. 
     According to the present invention, a bidding site is provided to allow a buyer to solicit bids using a consistent user interface. For example, a buyer company may wish to purchase memory chips of a certain memory size and speed. The bidding site scrapes the supplier sites to obtain information on what types of memory chips are available, and the price ranges of the memory chips for orders of different quantities and different delivery schemes. The buyer company views the information, and selects the supplier companies and types of memory chips that it wishes to receive bids. The supplier companies and memory chip types are put in a USC. After the selections, the buyer company checks out the USC, and the bidding site injects bid solicitations to the selected supplier companies to solicit bids for the selected products. Bid solicitations may include information on the specifications of the products requested, and the required quantities and approximate delivery dates of the products. In response, the supplier sites generate bids according to the bid solicitations, and the bids are displayed to the buyer company via the bidding site using a consistent user interface. The buyer company can then decide whether to accept the bids. 
     While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.