Patent Publication Number: US-6905350-B1

Title: Two-step electrical connector and method using high resistance path for electrostatic discharge

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/370,556, that is entitled “ESD-FREE PROBE FOR MAGNETIC RECORDING MANUFACTURING PROCESSES INVOLVING GMR AND TMR HEADS,” that was filed on Apr. 5, 2002, and the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     STATEMENTS REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not applicable. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to the establishment of an electrical interconnection with a device and, more particularly, to contacting the device with a high resistance component to affect a slow discharge from the device prior to establishing the electrical connection and preferably such that there is no spark when making the electrical connection. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A static charge may build up in various types of electrical components over time and for various reasons. Any charge that is stored on an electrical component, regardless of its source, may be released if an appropriate path is provided. Human contact may provide such a path, as well as when electrically interconnecting such a “charged” electrical component with another electrically conductive component. 
     Certain electrical components may be damaged by an abrupt discharge therefrom or from a component electrically interconnected therewith, for instance due to the electrical component being contacted by a metallic object. Giant magnetoresistive (GMR) heads for disk drives, tunneling MR and TMR heads for disk drives, and various types of integrated circuits are but a few examples of electrical components that may be adversely affected by an abrupt discharge. An abrupt discharge of a charged electrical component may render the same immediately nonfunctional, or may partially damage such a charged electrical component such that its performance degrades (immediately or over time), such that it prematurely fails, or both. These types of failures may have an adverse impact on both product yield and product reliability, both of which can have an adverse business effect. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A first aspect of the present invention is embodied by what may be characterized as a method of establishing an electrical connection between first and second devices. The first device includes first and second conductors, with the first conductor having a significantly larger resistance than the second conductor. The method includes moving the first device relative to the second device to bring the first conductor into contact with the second device. The first conductor is moved relative to the second conductor while the first conductor remains in contact with the second device and further while the first device continues to be moved relative to the second device. The second conductor is brought into contact with the second device after a first amount of relative movement between the first and second conductors. 
     Various refinements exist of the features noted in relation to the first aspect of the present invention. Further features may also be incorporated in the first aspect of the present invention as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. By first bringing the second device into contact with the higher resistance first conductor of the first device versus the lower resistance second conductor of the first device, any charge that exists on the second device will be more slowly dissipated. In one embodiment, electrical connection of the first and second devices is made in accordance with the first aspect without generating any spark. Preferably, the first conductor of the first device remains in contact with the second device even after the second conductor of the first device contacts the second device to establish a desired electrical connection. Any way of “tuning” the first device may be utilized in relation to how the charge is dissipated from the second device utilizing the basic methodology contemplated by the first aspect, including without limitation the resistance of one or more of the first and second conductors, the time between when contact is initially established between the second device and the higher resistance first conductor of the first device and when contact is established between the second device and the lower resistance second conductor of the first device, or both. 
     The second device associated with the first aspect may be an electrical component of any type/configuration. In one embodiment, the second device is a GMR head for a disk drive, a tunneling MR or TMR head for a disk drive, an integrated circuit, a microelectromechanical (MEMS) device, or a flat panel display. The first device may be of any appropriate type as well. In one embodiment, the first device is in the form of a probe or the like. However, the first device may be an electrical component or at least a device for interconnecting the second device with an electrical component (e.g., the first device may simply be an in-line connector; the first device may be a pogo pin connector). The first device may also be in the form of a coaxial cable. 
     The movement of the first conductor of the first device relative to the second conductor of the first device in the case of the first aspect may be provided in any appropriate manner. In one embodiment, the first conductor is mounted on a spring that is compressed after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device and during continued movement of the first device relative to the second device so as to bring the second conductor into contact with the second device. In another embodiment, at least a portion of the first conductor deforms, deflects, or otherwise changes shape after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device and during continued movement of the first device relative to the second device so as to bring the second conductor into contact with the second device. 
     The movement of the first conductor of the first device relative to the second conductor of the first device in the case of the first aspect may be characterized as changing a position of the first conductor so as to bring the second conductor into contact with the second device, so as to reduce the spacing between the second conductor and the second device, or both. The movement of the first conductor of the first device relative to the second conductor of the first device also may be characterized as moving the first conductor from a first position to a second position. In one embodiment and when the first conductor of the first device is in its first position, the second conductor of the first device is not yet in contact with the second device. Only after the first conductor has moved to its second position in this case does the second conductor of the first device come into contact with the second device. Stated another way, the second conductor of the first device may be brought into contact with the second device by a movement of the first conductor from its first position to its second position. 
     Another way to characterize the first aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not brought into contact with the second device until at least a certain amount of charge from the second device has been dissipated through the first conductor after being brought into contact with the second device. This thereby contemplates that the entire charge may be removed from the second device before the second conductor of the first device is brought into contact with the second device. Yet another way to characterize the first aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not brought into contact with the second device until the potential difference between the first and second devices is no more than about 1 volt, or the failure voltage of the second device as a result of the higher resistance first conductor of the first device contacting the second device before the lower resistance second conductor of the first device. This thereby contemplates that the first and second devices may be at the same potential when the second conductor of the first device is first brought into contact with the second device. 
     More than one conductor having a higher resistance than the second conductor may be used in the case of the first aspect before the second conductor of the first device is eventually brought into contact with the second device. For instance, multiple conductors of varying resistances may be utilized by the first device and sequentially brought into contact with the second device before the second conductor of the first device is brought into contact with the second device to achieve any desired effect or for any purpose. In one embodiment, the resistance of the individual conductors is sequentially reduced in some manner as these conductors are sequentially brought into contact with the second device. That is, in this embodiment the resistance of any conductor being brought into contact with the second device before the second conductor is smaller than the resistance of those conductors that have been previously brought into contact with the second device. Relatedly, the first device may contain multiple second conductors and a corresponding first conductor(s). Electrical interconnection between relevant portion of the second device and these multiple second conductors of the first device may be established in any appropriate sequence, including both simultaneously or sequentially. 
     As noted in relation to the first aspect, the first conductor of the first device has a significantly higher resistance than the second connector of the first device. This allows for a “slower” discharge from the second device. In one embodiment, the first conductor has a resistance of at least about 1×10 6  ohms. In another embodiment, the first conductor of the first device has a resistance that is at least about 1×10 6  ohms greater than a resistance of the second conductor of the first device (e.g., where the resistance of the second conductor may be on the order of about 1 ohm). One way to characterize the first conductor of the first device is that it is a static dissipative material. Representative static dissipative materials that may be utilized by the first aspect include ceramics, plastics, and liquids. 
     A second aspect of the present invention is embodied by what may be characterized as a method of establishing an electrical connection between first and second devices. The first device includes first and second conductors, with the first conductor having a significantly larger resistance than the second conductor. The method includes bringing the first conductor of the first device into contact with the second device. The first conductor is moved while the first conductor remains in contact with the second device. The second conductor is thereafter brought into contact with the second device after a first amount of movement of the first conductor. 
     Various refinements exist of the features noted in relation to the second aspect of the present invention. Further features may also be incorporated in the second aspect of the present invention as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. By first bringing the second device into contact with the higher resistance first conductor of the first device versus the lower resistance second conductor of the first device, any charge that exists on the second device will be more slowly dissipated. In one embodiment, electrical connection of the first and second devices is made in accordance with the second aspect without generating any spark. Preferably, the first conductor of the first device remains in contact with the second device even after the second conductor of the first device contacts the second device to establish a desired electrical connection. Any way of “tuning” the first device may be utilized in relation to how the charge is dissipated from the second device utilizing the basic methodology contemplated by the second aspect, including without limitation the resistance of one or more of the first and second conductors, the time between when contact is initially established between the second device and the higher resistance first conductor of the first device and when contact is established between the second device and the lower resistance second conductor of the first device, or both. 
     The second device associated with the second aspect may be an electrical component of any type/configuration. In one embodiment, the second device is a GMR head for a disk drive, a tunneling MR or TMR head for a disk drive, an integrated circuit, a MEMS device or a flat panel display. The first device may be of any appropriate type as well. In one embodiment, the first device is in the form of a probe or the like. However, the first device may be an electrical component or at least a device for interconnecting the second device with an electrical component (e.g., the first device may simply be an in-line connector; the first device may be a pogo pin connector). The first device may also be in the form of a coaxial cable. 
     The movement of the first conductor of the first device so as to bring the second conductor of the first device into contact with the second device in the case of the second aspect may be provided in any appropriate manner. In one embodiment, the first conductor is mounted on a spring that is compressed after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device and during continued movement of the first conductor so as to bring the second conductor into contact with the second device. In another embodiment, at least a portion of the first conductor deforms, deflects, or otherwise changes shape after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device and during continued movement of the first conductor so as to bring the second conductor into contact with the second device. 
     The movement of the first conductor of the first device in the case of the second aspect may be characterized as changing a position of the first conductor so as to bring the second conductor of the first device into contact with the second device, so as to reduce the spacing between the second conductor and the second device, or both. The movement of the first conductor of the first device also may be characterized as moving the first conductor from a first position to a second position. In one embodiment and when the first conductor of the first device is in its first position, the second conductor of the first device is not yet in contact with the second device. Only after the first conductor has moved to its second position in this case does the second conductor of the first device come into contact with the second device. Stated another way, the second conductor of the first device may be brought into contact with the second device by a movement of the first conductor from its first position to its second position. 
     Another way to characterize the second aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not brought into contact with the second device until at least a certain amount of charge from the second device has been dissipated through the first conductor after being brought into contact with the second device. This thereby contemplates that the entire charge may be removed from the second device before the second conductor of the first device is brought into contact with the second device. Yet another way to characterize the second aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not brought into contact with the second device until the potential difference between the first and second devices is no more than about 1 volt, or the failure voltage of the second device, as a result of the higher resistance first conductor of the first device contacting the second device before the lower resistance second conductor of the first device. This thereby contemplates that the first and second devices may be at the same potential when the second conductor of the first device is first brought into contact with the second device. 
     More than one conductor having a higher resistance than the second conductor may be used in the case of the second aspect before the second conductor of the first device is eventually brought into contact with the second device. For instance, multiple conductors of varying resistances may be utilized by the first device and sequentially brought into contact with the second device before the second conductor of the first device is brought into contact with the second device to achieve any desired effect or for any purpose. In one embodiment, the resistance of the individual conductors is sequentially reduced in some manner as these conductors are sequentially brought into contact with the second device. That is, in this embodiment the resistance of any conductor being brought into contact with the second device before the second conductor is smaller than the resistance of those conductors that have been previously brought into contact with the second device. Relatedly, the first device may contain multiple second conductors and a corresponding first conductor(s). Electrical interconnection between relevant portion of the second device and these multiple second conductors of the first device may be established in any appropriate sequence, including both simultaneously or sequentially. 
     As noted in relation to the second aspect, the first conductor of the first device has a significantly higher resistance than the second connector of the first device. This allows for a “slower” discharge from the second device. In one embodiment, the first conductor has a resistance of at least about 1×10 6  ohms. In another embodiment, the first conductor of the first device has a resistance that is at least about 1×10 6  ohms greater than a resistance of the second conductor of the first device (e.g., where the resistance of the second conductor may be on the order of about 1 ohm). One way to characterize the first conductor of the first device is that it is a static dissipative material. Representative static dissipative materials that may be utilized by the second aspect include ceramics, plastics, and liquids. 
     A third aspect of the present invention is embodied by what may be characterized as a method of establishing an electrical connection between first and second devices. The first device includes first and second conductors, with the first conductor having a significantly larger resistance than the second conductor. The method includes bringing the first conductor of the first device into contact with the second device. A position of at least a portion of the first conductor is changed while the first conductor remains in contact with the second device. At least a certain amount of change in the position of the first conductor exposes the second conductor to the second device. 
     Various refinements exist of the features noted in relation to the third aspect of the present invention. Further features may also be incorporated in the third aspect of the present invention as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. By first bringing the second device into contact with the higher resistance first conductor of the first device before exposing the lower resistance second conductor of the first device to the second device, any charge that exists on the second device will be more slowly dissipated. In one embodiment, electrical connection of the first and second devices is made in accordance with the third aspect without generating any spark. Preferably, the first conductor of the first device remains in contact with the second device even after the second conductor of the first device is exposed to the second device to establish a desired electrical connection. Any way of “tuning” the first device may be utilized in relation to how the charge is dissipated from the second device utilizing the basic methodology contemplated by the third aspect, including without limitation the resistance of one or more of the first and second conductors, the time between when contact is initially established between the second device and the higher resistance first conductor of the first device and the time when the lower resistance second conductor of the first device is exposed to the second device, or both. 
     The second device associated with the third aspect may be an electrical component of any type/configuration. In one embodiment, the second device is a GMR head for a disk drive, a tunneling MR or TMR head for a disk drive, an integrated circuit, a MEMS device, or a flat panel display. The first device may be of any appropriate type as well. In one embodiment, the first device is in the form of a probe or the like. However, the first device may be an electrical component or at least a device for interconnecting the second device with an electrical component (e.g., the first device may simply be an in-line connector; the first device may be a pogo pin connector). The first device may also be in the form of a coaxial cable. 
     Any way of changing the position of the first conductor of the first device while remaining in contact with the second device may be utilized in the case of the third aspect. In one embodiment, the first conductor is mounted on a spring that is compressed after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device so as to change the position of the first conductor to in turn expose the second conductor of the first device to the second device. In another embodiment, at least a portion of the first conductor deforms, deflects, or otherwise changes shape after the first conductor is brought into contact with the second device to change the position of the first conductor, to in turn expose the second conductor of the first device to the second device. 
     The changing of the position of the first conductor of the first device in the case of the third aspect also may be characterized as changing the spacing between the second conductor and the second device, moving the first conductor from a first position to a second position, or both. In one embodiment and when the first conductor of the first device is in its first position, the second conductor of the first device is not yet in contact with the second device. Only after the first conductor has moved to its second position in this case does the second conductor of the first device come into contact with the second device. Stated another way, the second conductor of the first device may be brought into contact with the second device by a movement of the first conductor from its first position to its second position. 
     Another way to characterize the third aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not exposed to the second device until at least a certain amount of charge from the second device has been dissipated through the first conductor after being brought into contact with the second device. This thereby contemplates that the entire charge may be removed from the second device before the second conductor of the first device is exposed to the second device. Yet another way to characterize the third aspect is that the second conductor of the first device is not exposed to the second device until the potential difference between the first and second devices is no more than about 1 volt, or the failure voltage of the second device, as a result of the higher resistance first conductor of the first device contacting the second device before the lower resistance second conductor of the first device is exposed to the second device. This thereby contemplates that the first and second devices may be at the same potential when the second conductor of the first device is first exposed to the second device. 
     More than one conductor having a higher resistance than the second conductor may be used in the case of the third aspect before the second conductor of the first device is eventually exposed to the second device. For instance, multiple conductors of varying resistances may be utilized by the first device and sequentially brought into contact with the second device before the second conductor of the first device is exposed to the second device to achieve any desired effect or for any purpose. In one embodiment, the resistance of the individual conductors is sequentially reduced in some manner as these conductors are sequentially brought into contact with the second device. That is, in this embodiment the resistance of any conductor being brought into contact with the second device, before the second conductor is exposed to the second device, is smaller than the resistance of those conductors that have been previously brought into contact with the second device. Relatedly, the first device may contain multiple second conductors and a corresponding first conductor(s). Electrical interconnection between relevant portion of the second device and these multiple second conductors of the first device may be established in any appropriate sequence, including both simultaneously or sequentially. 
     As noted in relation to the third aspect, the first conductor of the first device has a significantly higher resistance than the second connector of the first device. This allows for a “slower” discharge from the second device. In one embodiment, the first conductor has a resistance of at least about 1×10 6  ohms. In another embodiment, the first conductor of the first device has a resistance that is at least about 1×10 6  ohms greater than a resistance of the second conductor of the first device (e.g., where the resistance of the second conductor may be on the order of about 1 ohm). One way to characterize the first conductor of the first device is that it is a static dissipative material. Representative static dissipative materials that may be utilized by the third aspect include ceramics, plastics, and liquids. 
     A fourth aspect of the present invention is embodied by an electrical connector that includes first and second conductors. The first conductor has a resistance that is significantly larger than that of the second conductor, and the first conductor is movable relative to the second conductor at least between first and second positions. When the first conductor is in the first position relative to the second conductor, the first conductor extends beyond the second conductor in a first direction. 
     Various refinements exist of the features noted in relation to the fourth aspect of the present invention. Further features may also be incorporated in the fourth aspect of the present invention as well. These refinements and additional features may exist individually or in any combination. Having the higher resistance first conductor extend beyond the lower resistance second conductor when the first conductor is in a first position relative to the second conductor, and further having the first and second conductors be movable relative to each other, at least generally allows the first conductor to contact a device having a stored charge prior to the second conductor. Any charge that exists on this device will be more slowly dissipated in this case because of the larger resistance of the first conductor. In one embodiment, the electrical connector associated with the fourth aspect may be characterized as a sparkless, electrostatic discharge electrical connector. Preferably, the first conductor of the first device remains in contact with the device even after the second conductor of the first device contacts the device to establish a desired electrical connection. Any way of “tuning” the electrical connector may be utilized in relation to how the charge is dissipated from device, including without limitation the resistance of one or more of the first and second conductors, the time between when contact is initially established between the device and the larger resistance first conductor and when contact is established between the device and the smaller resistance second conductor, or both. 
     As noted in relation to the fourth aspect, the first conductor of the electrical connector has a significantly higher resistance than the second conductor. This allows for a “slower” discharge from a device that electrically interfaces with the electrical connector of the fourth aspect. In one embodiment, the first conductor has a resistance of at least about 1×10 6  ohms. In another embodiment, the first conductor has a resistance that is at least about 1×10 6  ohms greater than a resistance of the second conductor (e.g., where the resistance of the second conductor may be on the order of about 1 ohm). One way to characterize the first conductor is that it is a static dissipative material. Representative static dissipative materials that may be utilized by the fourth aspect include ceramics, plastics, and liquids. 
     It is a relative movement between the first and second conductors that allows the first conductor to move from a first position to a second position relative to the second conductor. Therefore, the first conductor may move while the second conductor remains stationary, the second conductor may move while the first conductor remains stationary, or both the first and second conductors may move. What is of importance is that the first conductor is disposed beyond the second conductor when the first conductor is in the first position relative to the second conductor. In this case, the larger resistance first conductor is exposed to or contacts an at least potentially charged device while the smaller resistance second conductor is not exposed or does not contact this device. However, when the first conductor is in the second position relative to the second conductor, at least a portion of the first and second conductors are at least substantially coplanar with each other so as to both be in contact with the device. 
     Any way of achieving relative movement between the first and second conductors that allows the larger resistance first conductor to contact a device before bringing the smaller resistance second conductor into contact with the device may be utilized. In one embodiment, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect includes a spring. One end of this spring may be fixed, while at opposite end may engage the first conductor. Compression of the spring may be utilized to move the first conductor from its first position to its second position relative to the second conductor. Another embodiment utilizes a first conductor that deforms, deflects, or otherwise changes shape to achieve the desired relative movement between the first and-second conductors. Yet another embodiment utilizes a slidable interface between the first and second conductors to achieve the desired relative movement between the first and second conductors. 
     The electrical connector associated with the fourth aspect may be used for any purpose. In one embodiment, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect is electrostatic discharge probe. In another embodiment, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect provides for establishing an electrical interface with a device having a charge stored thereon (e.g., electrostatic). For instance, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect could be incorporated into a pogo pin connector used in the disk drive art. In yet another embodiment, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect is utilized to electrically interconnect at least two separate devices, thereby functioning as an in-line electrical connector of sorts. In yet another embodiment, the electrical connector of the fourth aspect is in the form of a coaxial cable. 
     The second conductor of the electrical connector of the fourth aspect may be characterized as being recessed relative to the first conductor when the first conductor is in the first position relative to the second conductor. The amount of this recession may be reduced when the first conductor is in the second position relative to the second conductor. Reducing the amount of the recession includes a condition where the second conductor is still recessed relative to the first conductor in the second position, where the first and second conductors (e.g., an end thereof) are coplanar when in the second position, and where the second conductor actually protrudes beyond the first conductor when in the second position. 
     In one embodiment of the fourth aspect, either the first conductor is disposed at least partially about the second conductor, or vice versa. The “outer” one of the first and second conductors may have an annular extent or something less than an annular extent (e.g., a plurality of radially spaced elements disposed radially beyond the “inner” one of the first and second conductors). The first and second conductors may be concentrically disposed in another embodiment. 
     The electrical connector of the fourth aspect may be a stand-alone device (e.g., an in-line connector), or may be part of a larger device. For instance, the electrical connector may be in the form of a probe or a coaxial cable. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe. 
         FIG. 9A  is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an electrostatic discharge pogo pin connector. 
         FIG. 9B  is a top view of the electrostatic discharge pogo pin connector of FIG.  9 A. 
         FIG. 10  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge pogo pin connector. 
         FIG. 11A  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge pogo pin connector in a first position. 
         FIG. 11B  is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of an electrostatic discharge pogo pin connector in a second position. 
         FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of an electrostatic discharge coaxial cable. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention will now be described in relation to the accompanying drawings which at least assist in illustrating its various pertinent features. Generally, the present invention allows for a desired discharge of an electrostatic charge. Preferably, this electrostatic discharge occurs without generating any spark. Therefore, the following embodiments all may be characterized as a sparkless electrostatic discharge devices of the noted type (e.g., a sparkless electrostatic discharge probe, a sparkless electrostatic discharge connector, a sparkless electrostatic discharge coaxial cable). 
     One embodiment of an electrostatic discharge probe  10  is illustrated in FIG.  1 . The probe  10  includes an electrostatic discharge or ESD conductor  30  that is disposed at least partially about an electrical conductor  14 . The ESD conductor  30  could be annular or defined by one or more radially spaced segments disposed radially outwardly from the electrical conductor  14 . The ESD conductor  30  and the electrical conductor  14  may be concentrically disposed as well. 
     The probe  10  of  FIG. 1  further includes a collar  18  that is fixed to the electrical conductor  14  in any appropriate manner (e.g., by one or more set screws  22 ). An annular shell  12  (e.g., cylindrical) of the probe  10  is disposed about a portion of the electrical conductor  14  in radially spaced relation thereto. A metal spring  26  of the probe  10  is disposed in the annular space between the shell  12  and the electrical conductor  14 . Any other type of biasing member may be used in place of the spring  26  (e.g., an elastomer). One end of the spring  26  engages the collar  18 , while an opposite end of the spring  26  engages the ESD conductor  30 . The ends of the spring  26  may be mounted to the collar  18  and the ESD conductor  30  to retain the ESD conductor  30  in an assembled condition. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  14  and the ESD conductor  30  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  14  to the desired location(s) of the probe  10  may be utilized as well. 
     The ESD conductor  30  and electrical conductor  14  of the probe  10  move relative to each other in the direction indicated by the two-headed arrow in  FIG. 1 , and are sequentially brought into engagement or contact with a device  34  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  34 . The device  34  may be of any type/configuration, including without limitation a GMR head for a disk drive, a tunneling MR or TMR head for a disk drive, an integrated circuit, a MEMS device, and flat panel displays. In any case, the device  34  may have a stored charge that will be released/dissipated when contacted by the probe  10  (e.g., an electrostatic charge, but including any type of charge). Generally, the ESD conductor  30  is formed from a static dissipative material, while the electrical conductor  14  may be formed from any appropriate electrically conductive material. Representative materials for the ESD conductor  30  include ceramics, plastics, and liquids. Representative materials for the electrical conductor  14  include any material commonly used for electrical conductance. That is, the resistance of the ESD conductor  30  is larger than, and more preferably significantly larger than, the resistance of the electrical conductor  14 . In one embodiment, the resistance of the ESD conductor  30  is at least about 1×10 6  ohms. In another embodiment, the resistance of the ESD conductor  30  is at least about 1×10 6  ohms greater than the resistance of the electrical conductor  14 , which in one embodiment is about 1 ohm. In any case, the rate at which the charge is dissipated from the device  34  through the ESD conductor  30  is slower, and more preferably substantially slower, than the rate at which this same charge would be dissipated from the device  34  through an initial engagement with the electrical conductor  14 . However, the probe  10  is configured such that the EDS conductor  30  engages the device  34  before the electrical conductor  14 , to thereby reduce the potential that one or more electrical components of the device  34  will be damaged by electrically interconnecting the device  34  with the probe  10 . 
     The end  32  of the ESD conductor  30  extends beyond the end  16  of the electrical conductor  14  prior to the probe  10  engaging the device  34 . This spaced relationship is represented by the distance d 1  in FIG.  1 . That is, the electrical conductor  14  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  30  in the position illustrated in FIG.  1 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  10  toward the device  34 , the ESD conductor  30  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  34  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  14  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  34 . That is, the end  32  of the ESD conductor  30  will initially engage the device  34  when the probe  10  and device  34  are moved toward each other, while the end  16  of the electrical conductor  14  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  34 . As the probe  10  and device  34  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD connector  30  moves relative to the electrical conductor  14  by compression of the spring  26  between the collar  18  and the ESD conductor  30 . After the spring  26  has compressed a certain amount, the end  16  of the electrical conductor  14  will directly contact the device  34 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the end  16  of the electrical conductor  14  is coplanar with the end  32  of the ESD conductor  30 . However, this need not always be the case, depending upon, for instance, the configuration of the device  34 . For instance, the electrical conductor  14  could still be recessed relative to the ESD conductor  30  when brought into contact with the device  34 , or the electrical conductor  14  could actually extend beyond the ESD conductor  30  when brought into contact with the device  34  (not shown). 
     Having the ESD conductor  30  contact the device  34  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  14  directly contacts the device  34  allows the magnitude of a charge stored on the device  34  to at least be reduced before the desired electrical interconnection is established between the probe  10  and the device  34  (desired electrical interconnection being from the device  34  and directly to/through the lower resistance electrical conductor  14 ). Preferably, the entire charge is dissipated from the device  34  through the ESD conductor  30  before the electrical conductor  14  directly contacts the device  34  to establish the desired electrical interconnection between the probe  10  and the device  34 . Stated another way, having the ESD conductor  30  contact the device  34  for a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  14  directly contacts the device  34  allows the potential difference between the device  34  and the probe  10  to at least be reduced before the desired electrical interconnection is established between the probe  10  and the device  34 . Preferably, the potential between the probe  10  and the device  34  is equalized before the electrical conductor  14  contacts the device  34  to establish the desired electrical connection between the probe  10  and device  34 . The probe  10  may be tuned in any appropriate manner in relation to how the charge should be dissipated from the device  34  before having the electrical conductor  14  directly contact the device  34  to establish the desired electrical connection between the probe  10  and the device  34 . Factors that may affect how the charge is dissipated from the device  34  through the ESD conductor  30  include the resistance of the ESD conductor  30  and the time between when the ESD conductor  30  contacts the device  34  and the time when the electrical conductor  14  contacts the device  34 . 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  14  and the ESD conductor  30  of the probe  10  move relative to each other between at least two different positions. These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  30  is engaged with the device  34 , while the electrical conductor  14  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  34 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  30  is electrically interconnected with the device  34  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  30 , and not initially through the lower resistance electrical conductor  14 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  1 . The ESD conductor  30  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  14  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  14  and the device  34 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  14  into direct engagement with the device  34 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  30  will also remain in contact with the device  34  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  10  is disengaged from the device  34 , the ESD conductor  30  moves relative to the electrical conductor  14  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 1  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  30 , namely by the spring  26  in the illustrated embodiment). 
     The configuration used by the probe  10  to establish an electrical connection may be used by any electrical device, including without limitation an in-line connector or in a pogo pin connector for any application. In the second instance, the electrical conductor  14  could be in the form of a conventional pogo pin. Here the electrical conductor  14  would be acted upon by an appropriate biasing member  36  (e.g., a spring or the like) that is schematically depicted in FIG.  1 . Any number of pogo pins in a pogo pin connector could use the configuration used by the probe  10  in FIG.  1 . 
       FIGS. 2-8  illustrate a number of additional embodiments of electrostatic discharge probes that have the same general structural and functional characteristics as the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . Although these configurations will be described in relation to a probe, as in the case of the  FIG. 1  embodiment, it should be appreciated that each of these configurations may be used in any device to establish an electrical connection with any other device. For instance any of the configurations to now be discussed in relation to  FIGS. 2-8  to provide a two-step electrical connection may be used by an in-line connector or in a pogo pin connector for any application. 
       FIG. 2  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  38 . The probe  38  generally includes an electrical conductor  58  and an electrostatic or ESD conductor  62  that move relative to each other in the direction indicated by the two-headed arrow in  FIG. 2 , and are sequentially brought into engagement or contact with a device  66  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  66 . The electrical conductor  58  is disposed at least partially about the ESD conductor  62  in radially spaced relation thereto, and generally includes a metal spring  54 , a metal upper ring  46 , and a metal lower ring  48 . The electrical conductor  58  could be annular or defined by one or more radially spaced segments disposed radially outwardly from the ESD conductor  62 . The electrical conductor  58  and ESD conductor  62  may be concentrically disposed as well. 
     The probe  38  further includes a lower collar  50  that is fixed to the ESD conductor  62 , as well as an upper collar  52  that is fixed to the upper ring  46 . A metal spring  42  of the probe  38  is disposed in the space between the upper ring  46  of the electrical conductor  58  and the ESD conductor  62 . Any other type of biasing member may be used in place of the spring  42  (e.g., an elastomer). One end of the spring  42  engages the upper collar  52  that is fixed to the upper ring  46  of the electrical conductor  58 , while an opposite end of the spring  42  engages the lower collar  50  that is fixed to the ESD conductor  62 . The ends of the spring  42  may be mounted to the upper collar  52  and the lower collar  50  to retain the ESD conductor  62  in an assembled condition. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  58  and the ESD conductor  62  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  58  to the desired location(s) of the probe  38  may be utilized as well. 
     The end  64  of the ESD conductor  62  extends beyond the end  60  of the electrical conductor  58  prior to the probe  38  engaging the device  66 . That is, the electrical conductor  58  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  62  in the position illustrated in FIG.  2 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  38  toward the device  66 , the ESD conductor  62  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  66  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  58  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  66 . That is, the end  64  of the ESD conductor  62  will initially engage the device  66  when the probe  38  and device  66  are moved toward each other, while the end  60  of the electrical conductor  58  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  66 . As the probe  38  and device  66  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor  62  moves relative to the electrical conductor  58  by compression of the spring  42 . After the spring  42  has compressed a certain amount, the end  60  of the electrical conductor  58  will directly contact the device  66 . In the illustrated embodiment, this when the ends  60  and  64  are coplanar, although such need not be the case in the same manner noted above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . In any case, further advancement of the probe  38  relative to the device  66  may compress the spring  54  of the electrical conductor  58 . Compression of the spring  54  may be desired/required. 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  58  and the ESD conductor  62  of the probe  38  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as in the case of the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  62  is engaged with the device  66 , while the electrical conductor  58  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  66 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  62  is electrically interconnected with the device  66  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  62 ), and not initially through the lower resistance electrical conductor  58 . This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  2 . The ESD conductor  62  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  58  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  58  and the device  66 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  58  into direct engagement with the device  66 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  62  will also remain in contact with the device  66  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  38  is disengaged from the device  66 , the ESD conductor  62  moves relative to the electrical conductor  58  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 2  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  62 , namely by the spring  42  in the illustrated embodiment). 
       FIG. 3  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  70 . The probe  70  generally includes an electrical conductor  90  and an electrostatic or ESD conductor  94  that move relative to each other in the direction indicated by the two-headed arrow in  FIG. 3 , and are sequentially brought into engagement with or contact a device  98  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  98 . The ESD conductor  94  is disposed at least partially about the electrical conductor  98  in radially spaced relation thereto in the same general manner discussed above in relation to the probe  10  of  FIG. 1 , and is interconnected with a remainder of the probe  70  by a metal lower ring  80 , a metal spring  86 , and a metal upper ring  78 . The probe  70  further includes a lower collar  82  that is fixed to the electrical conductor  90 , as well as an upper collar  84  that is fixed to the upper ring  78 . A metal spring  74  of the probe  70  is disposed in the space between the upper ring  78  and the electrical conductor  90 . Any other type of biasing member may be used in place of the spring  74  (e.g., an elastomer). One end of the spring  74  engages the upper collar  84  that is fixed to the upper ring is  78 , while an opposite end of the spring  74  engages the lower collar  82  that is fixed to the electrical conductor  90 . The ends of the spring  74  may be mounted to the upper collar  84  and the lower collar  82  to retain the electrical conductor  90  and ESD conductor  94  in an assembled condition. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  90  and ESD conductor  94  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  90  to the desired location(s) of the probe  70  may be utilized as well. 
     The end  96  of the ESD conductor  94  extends beyond the end  92  of the electrical conductor  90  prior to the probe  70  engaging the device  98 . That is, the electrical conductor  90  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  94  in the position illustrated in FIG.  3 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  70  toward the device  98 , the ESD conductor  94  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  98  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  90  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  98 . That is, the end  96  of the ESD conductor  94  will initially engage the device  98  when the probe  70  and device  98  are moved toward each other, while the end  92  of the electrical conductor  90  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  98 . As the probe  70  and device  98  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor  96  moves relative to the electrical conductor  90  by compression of the spring  86 . After the spring  86  has compressed a certain amount, the end  92  of the electrical conductor  90  will contact the device  98 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the ends  92  and  96  are coplanar, although such need not be the case in the same manner noted above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . In any case, further advancement of the probe  70  relative to the device  98  may compress the spring  74  associated with the electrical conductor  90 . Compression of the spring  74  may be desired/required. 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  90  and the ESD conductor  94  of the probe  70  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as in the case of the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  94  is engaged with the device  98 , while the electrical conductor  90  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  98 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  94  is electrically interconnected with the device  98  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  94 , and not initially through the electrical conductor  90 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  3 . The ESD conductor  94  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  90  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  90  and the device  98 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  90  into engagement with the device  98 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  94  will also remain in contact with the device  98  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  70  is disengaged from the device  98 , the ESD conductor  94  moves relative to the electrical conductor  90  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 3  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  94 , namely by the spring  86  in the illustrated embodiment). 
       FIG. 4  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  102 . The probe  102  generally includes an electrical conductor  120  and an electrostatic or ESD conductor  124  that move relative to each other in the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow in  FIG. 4 , and are sequentially brought into engagement with or contact a device  128  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  128 . The ESD conductor  124  is disposed at least partially about the electrical conductor  120  in radially spaced relation thereto in the same general manner as the probe  70  of  FIG. 3 , and is interconnected with a remainder of the probe  102  by a metal lower ring  108 , a lower metal spring  116 , a metal intermediate ring  107 , an upper metal spring  104 , and a metal upper ring  106 . The probe  102  further includes a lower collar  108  that is fixed to the electrical conductor  120 , as well as an upper collar  110  that is fixed to the upper ring  106 . Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  120  and the ESD conductor  124  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  120  to the desired location(s) of the probe  102  maybe utilized as well. 
     The end  126  of the ESD conductor  124  extends beyond the end  122  of the electrical conductor  120  prior to the probe  102  engaging the device  128 . That is, the electrical conductor  120  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  124  in the position illustrated in FIG.  4 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  102  toward the device  128 , the ESD conductor  124  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  128  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  120  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  128 . That is, the end  122  of the ESD conductor  124  will initially engage the device  128  when the probe  102  and device  128  are moved toward each other, while the end  122  of the electrical conductor  120  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  128 . As the probe  102  and device  128  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor  124  moves relative to the electrical conductor  120  by compression of the spring  116 . After the spring  116  has compressed a certain amount, the end  122  of the electrical conductor  120  will directly contact the device  128 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the ends  122  and  126  are coplanar, although such need not be the case in the same manner noted above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . In any case, further advancement of the probe  102  relative to the device  128  may compress the spring  104  associated with the electrical conductor  120 . Compression of the spring  104  may be desired/required. 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  120  and the ESD conductor  124  of the probe  102  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as in the case of the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  124  is engaged with the device  128 , while the electrical conductor  120  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  128 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  124  is electrically interconnected with the device  128  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  124 , and not initially through the electrical conductor  120 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  4 . The ESD conductor  124  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  120  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  120  and the device  128 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  120  into engagement with the device  128 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  124  will also remain in contact with the device  128  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  102  is disengaged from the device  128 , the ESD conductor  124  moves relative to the electrical conductor  120  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 4  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  124 , namely by the spring  116  in the illustrated embodiment). 
       FIG. 5  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  132 . The probe  132  generally includes an electrical conductor  140  and an electrostatic or ESD conductor  144  that move relative to each other in the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow in  FIG. 5 , and are sequentially brought into engagement with or contact a device  148  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  148 . The ESD conductor  144  is disposed within an aperture  138  formed in the electrical conductor  140 . A spring  136  is also disposed within the aperture  138  between a closed end of the electrical conductor  140  and the ESD conductor  144 . Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  140  and the ESD conductor  144  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  140  to the desired location(s) of the probe  132  may be utilized as well. 
     An end  146  of the ESD conductor  144  extends beyond an end  144  of the electrical conductor  142  prior to the probe  132  engaging the device  148 . That is, the electrical conductor  142  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  144 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  132  toward the device  148 , the ESD conductor  144  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  148  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  140  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  148 . That is, the end  146  of the ESD conductor  144  will initially engage the device  148  when the probe  132  and device  148  are moved toward each other, while the end  142  of the electrical conductor  140  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  148 . As the probe  132  and device  148  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor  144  moves relative to the electrical conductor  140  by compression of the spring  136 . After the spring  136  has compressed a certain amount, the end  144  of the electrical conductor  140  will directly contact the device  148 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the ends  142  and  146  are coplanar, although such need not be the case in the same manner noted above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  140  and the ESD conductor  144  of the probe  132  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  144  is engaged with the device  148 , while the electrical conductor  140  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  148 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  144  is electrically interconnected with the device  148  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  144 , and not initially through the lower resistance electrical conductor  140 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  5 . The ESD conductor  144  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  140  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  140  and the device  148 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  140  into engagement with the device  148 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  144  will also remain in contact with the device  148  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  132  is disengaged from the device  148 , the ESD conductor  144  moves relative to the electrical conductor  140  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 5  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  144 , namely by the spring  136  in the illustrated embodiment). 
       FIG. 6  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  152 . The probe  152  generally includes an electrical conductor  116  and an ESD conductor  164  that move relative to each other at least generally in the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow in  FIG. 6 , and are sequentially lo brought into engagement with or contact a device  168  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  168 . The ESD conductor  164  may be of an annular configuration, or a plurality of radially spaced ESD conductors  164  may be utilized. In any case, the ESD conductor(s)  164  is made of a deformable material and may be of any appropriate shape so as to bend or otherwise deform so as to bring the electrical conductor  160  into contact with the device  168  in the manner described below. One end  165  of the ESD conductor(s)  164  is fixed to the electrical conductor  160  at a collar  156 , while an opposite end  165  of the ESD conductor(s)  164  is free and is disposed beyond an end  162  of the electrical conductor  160 . A space  167  is provided at the end  166  of the ESD conductor  164  to allow for the passage of the electrical conductor  160  therein/therethrough. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  160  and the ESD conductor  164  in an assembled condition may be utilized. Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  160  to the desired location(s) on the probe  152  may be utilized as well. 
     An end  166  of ESD conductor(s)  164  extends beyond an end  162  of the electrical conductor  160  prior to the probe  152  engaging the device  168 . That is, the electrical conductor  160  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor(s)  164 . As such, when there is relative movement of the probe  152  toward the device  168 , the ESD conductor(s)  164  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  168  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  160  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  168 . That is, the end  166  of the ESD conductor(s)  144  will initially engage the device  168  when the probe  152  and device  168  are moved toward each other, while the end  162  of the electrical conductor  160  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  168 . As the probe  152  and device  168  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor(s)  164  moves relative to the electrical conductor  160  by deformation (e.g., bending, bowing) between the end(s)  165  and the end(s)  166  (to reduce the spacing between the end(s)  165  and the end(s)  166 ). After the distance between the end(s)  165  and end(s)  166  of the ESD conductor(s) 164  has decreased by a certain amount, the end  162  of the electrical conductor  160  will directly contact the device  168 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the ends  162  and  166  are coplanar, although such need not is be the case in the same manner noted above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  160  and the ESD conductor(s)  164  of the probe  152  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor(s)  164  is engaged with the device  168 , while the electrical conductor  160  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  168 . Therefore, the ESD conductor(s)  164  is electrically interconnected with the device  168  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor(s)  164 , and not initially through the lower resistance electrical conductor  160 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  6 . The ESD conductor(s)  164  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  160  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  160  and the device  168 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  160  into engagement with the device  168 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor(s)  164  will also remain in contact with the device  168  in this second relative position, although such need not be the case. When the probe  152  is disengaged from the device  168 , the ESD conductor(s)  164  moves relative to the electrical conductor  160  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 6  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  164 , for instance by stored elastic forces that move the ESD conductor  164  back to an undeformed state). 
       FIG. 7  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  172 . The probe  172  generally includes an electrical conductor  176  and an ESD conductor  184  that move relative to each other at least generally in the direction indicated by the two-headed arrow in  FIG. 7 , and are sequentially brought into engagement with or contact a device  190  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  190 . Generally, the electrical conductor  176  and the ESD conductor  184  slidably interface with each other during movement between at least two different positions. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  176  and the ESD conductor  184  in an assembled condition and allowing for this relative movement may be utilized by the probe  172 . Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  176  to the desired location(s) of the probe  172  may be utilized as well. 
     An end  188  of ESD conductor  184  extends beyond an end  180  of the electrical conductor  176  prior to the probe  172  engaging the device  190 . That is, the electrical conductor  176  is recessed relative to the ESD conductor  184 . This is the position illustrated in FIG.  7 . When there is relative movement of the probe  172  toward the device  190 , the ESD conductor  184  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  190  for at least a certain amount of time before the electrical conductor  176  is brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  190 . That is, the end  188  of the ESD conductor  184  will initially engage the device  190  when the probe  172  and device  190  are moved toward each other, while the end  180  of the electrical conductor  176  is still disposed in spaced relation to the device  190 . As the probe  172  and device  190  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor  184  moves relative to the electrical conductor  176  by sliding relative to the electrical conductor  176 . This movement of the ESD the conductor  184  may be opposed by an appropriate biasing mechanism (e.g., a spring, not shown). After a certain amount of relative movement between the ESD conductor  184  and the electrical conductor  176 , the end  180  of the electrical conductor  176  will contact the device  190 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the end  180  of the electrical conductor  176  and the end  188  of the ESD conductor  184  are at least substantially coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  172  and in the same manner discussed above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  176  and the ESD conductor  184  of the probe  172  move relative to each other between at least two different positions in the same general manner as the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor  184  is engaged with the device  190 , while the electrical conductor  176  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  190 . Therefore, the ESD conductor  184  is electrically interconnected with the device  190  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  184 , and not initially through the lower resistance electrical conductor  176 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  7 . The ESD conductor  184  also moves relative to the electrical conductor  176  so as to decrease the spacing between the electrical conductor  176  and the device  190 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  176  into direct engagement with the device  190 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor  184  will also remain in contact with the device  190  in this second relative position in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  172 . When the probe  172  is disengaged from the device  190 , the ESD conductor  184  moves relative to the electrical conductor  176  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 7  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor  184  (not shown)). 
       FIG. 8  depicts an electrostatic discharge probe  192 . The probe  192  generally includes an electrical conductor  196 , a first ESD conductor  196 , and a second ESD conductor  212  that move relative to each other at least generally in the direction indicated by the double-headed arrow in  FIG. 8 , and are sequentially brought into engagement with or contact a device  218  in a manner so as to at least reduce the potential for damage to one or more electrical components of the device  218 . Generally, the electrical conductor  196  and each of the first ESD conductor  204  and the second ESD conductor  212  slidably interface with each other during movement between at least two different positions. Any way of retaining the electrical conductor  196 , the first ESD conductor  204 , and the second ESD conductor  212  in an assembled condition and allowing for this relative movement may be utilized by the probe  192 . Moreover, any way of transmitting an electrical signal from the electrical conductor  196  to the desired location(s) of the probe  192  may be utilized as well. 
     An end  208  of the first ESD conductor  204  extends beyond an end  200  of the electrical conductor  196  and an end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  prior to the probe  192  engaging the device  218 . Similarly, the end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  extends beyond an end  200  of the electrical conductor  196  prior to the probe  192  engaging the device  218  (more specifically prior to the second ESD conductor  212  engaging the device  218 ). These are the relative positions illustrated in FIG.  8 . When there is relative movement of the probe  192  toward the device  218 , the first ESD conductor  204  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  218  for at least a certain amount of time before the second ESD conductor  212  is brought into contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  218 , and also before the electrical conductor  196  is brought into contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  218 . That is, the end  200  of the first ESD conductor  204  will initially engage the device  218  when the probe  192  and device  218  are moved toward each other, while the end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  and the end  200  of the electrical conductor  196  are still disposed in spaced relation to the device  218 . 
     As the probe  192  and device  218  are further advanced toward each other, the first ESD conductor  204  moves relative to both the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196  by a sliding motion. This movement of the first ESD conductor  204  may be opposed by an appropriate biasing mechanism (e.g., a spring, not shown). After a certain amount of relative movement between the first ESD conductor  204  and each of the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196 , the end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  will contact the device  218 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  and the end  208  of the first ESD conductor  204  are at least substantially coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  192  and in the same manner discussed above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     As the probe  192  and device  218  are yet further advanced toward each other, the second ESD conductor  212  now begins to move relative to the electrical conductor  196  by a sliding motion. This movement of the second ESD conductor  212  may be opposed by an appropriate biasing mechanism (e.g., a spring, not shown). After a certain amount of relative movement between the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196 , the end  200  of the electrical conductor  196  will contact the device  218 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the end  216  of the second ESD conductor  212  and the end  200  of the electrical conductor  196  are at least substantially coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  192  and in the same manner discussed above in relation to the probe  10  of FIG.  1 . 
     The probe  192  of  FIG. 8  includes multiple ESD conductors (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ). Any number of ESD conductors may be utilized by the probe  192 . Adjacent pairs of ESD conductors (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) will typically have different resistances. Moreover, each of these multiple ESD conductors (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) will typically have a resistance that is greater than that of the electrical conductor  196 . In one embodiment, the resistance of each ESD conductor (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) that is brought into contact with the device  218  will have a resistance that is less than that of each ESD conductor (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) that has already been brought into contact with the device  218 . However, the resistances of the various multiple ESD conductors (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) may be selected in any appropriate manner and to yield any appropriate result. Multiple ESD conductors (e.g.,  204 ,  212 ) of the type discussed in relation to the probe  192  may be utilized by any of the probes/connectors described herein. 
     In summary, the electrical conductor  196 , the first ESD conductor  204 , and the second ESD conductor  212  of the probe  192  each move relative to each other between at least two different positions. These positions are generally as follows. While the first ESD conductor  204  is initially engaged with the device  218 , the electrical conductor  196  is disposed in spaced relation to the device  218 . Therefore, the first ESD conductor  204  is electrically interconnected with the device  218  to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the first ESD conductor  204 ). At this same time, the second ESD conductor  212  is also disposed in spaced relation to the device  218 . Both of these relative positions are illustrated in FIG.  8 . 
     The first ESD conductor  204  also moves relative to both the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196  so as to decrease the spacing between the device  218  and each of the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196 , and to eventually bring both the second,ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196  into sequential engagement with the device  218 . Typically, the first ESD conductor  204  will also remain in contact with the device  218  when both the second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor 196  are brought into engagement with the device  218 , although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  192 . 
     The second ESD conductor  212  and the electrical conductor  196  remain in the same position relative to each other until the second ESD conductor  212  is brought into engagement with the second device  218  after a certain amount of relative movement between the first ESD conductor  204  and the second ESD conductor  212 . The second ESD conductor  212  then begins to move relative to the electrical conductor  196  so as to decrease the spacing between the device  218  and the electrical conductor  196 , and to eventually bring the electrical conductor  196  into direct engagement with the device  218 . Typically, both the first ESD conductor  204  and the second ESD conductor will also remain in contact with the device  218  when the electrical conductor  196  are brought into engagement with the device  218 , although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the probe  192 . 
     The principles described above in relation to the various probes may be extended to any type of device that is to be electrically interconnected with another device as noted above and including using the very same configurations discussed above.  FIGS. 9A-B  illustrate one such device. The pogo pin connector  220  of  FIGS. 9A-B  includes a housing  232 . A plurality of pogo pins  224  are movably interconnected with a housing  232  and are disposed in a single row. Any number of pogo pins  224  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  220 , any number of rows of pogo pins  224  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  220 , and any arrangement of one or more pogo pins  224  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  220 . In any case, each pogo pin  224  is typically disposed within aperture formed in the housing  232  and is biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 9A  (e.g., by a spring (not shown)). 
     The pogo pin connector  220  of  FIGS. 9A-B  further includes a pair of ESD conductors  240  that are also movably interconnected with the housing  232  and that are disposed on opposite sides of the row of pogo pins  224 . Any number, arrangement, and configuration of ESD conductors  240  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  220 . In the case of the illustrated embodiment, the housing  232  includes a pair of slots  236 , each of which receives one of the ESD conductors  240 . Both ESD conductors  240  are biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 9A  by a spring  246 . 
     An end  244  of at least one of the ESD conductors  240  extends beyond the end  228  of at least one of the pogo pins  224  prior to the pogo pin connector  220  engaging the device  248 . In the illustrated embodiment, the end  244  of both ESD conductors  240  extends beyond the end  228  of each of the pogo pins  244  prior to the connector  220  engaging the device  248 , although such need not be the case. That is, the pogo pins  224  are recessed relative to the ESD conductor  240 . This is the position illustrated in FIG.  9 A. When there is relative movement of the pogo pin connector  220  toward the device  248 , each ESD conductor  240  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  248  for at least a certain amount of time before the various pogo pins  224  are brought into contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  248 . That is, the end  244  of each of the ESD conductors  240  will initially engage the device  248  when the pogo pin connector  220  and device  248  are moved toward each other, while the ends  228  of the various pogo pins  224  will still be disposed in spaced relation to the device  248 . As the pogo pin connector  220  and device  248  are further advanced toward each other, both ESD conductors  240  move relative to the pogo pins  224  by compressing their respective spring  246 . After a certain amount of relative movement between the ESD conductors  240  and the various pogo pins  224 , the ends  228  of the pogo pins  224  will directly contact the device  248 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the ends  244  of both ESD conductors  240  and the ends  228  of the various pogo pins  224  are at least substantially coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  220 . 
     In summary, the pogo pins  224  and the ESD conductors  240  of the pogo pin connector  220  move relative to each other between at least two different positions. These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, both ESD conductors  240  are engaged with the device  248 , while the pogo pins  224  are disposed in spaced relation to the device  248 . Therefore, the ESD conductors  240  are electrically interconnected with the device  248  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductors  240 , and not initially through the lower resistance pogo pins  224 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  9 A. The ESD conductors  240  also move relative to the pogo pins  224  so as to decrease the spacing between the pogo pins  224  and the device  248 , and to eventually bring the pogo pins  224  into direct contact with the device  248 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, both ESD conductors  240  will also remain in contact with the device  248  in this second relative position as well, although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  220 . When the probe pogo pin connector  220  is disengaged from the device  248 , both ESD conductors  240  move relative to the pogo pins  224  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 7  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on each ESD conductor  240  by their corresponding spring  246 ). 
     Another pogo pin connector configuration that utilizes the principles discussed above in relation to the various probes is illustrated in FIG.  10 . The pogo pin connector  252  of  FIG. 10  includes a housing  276 . A plurality of pogo pins  256  are movably interconnected with the housing  276 . Any number of pogo pins  256  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  252 , and any arrangement of one or more pogo pins  256  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  252 . In any case, each pogo pin  256  is typically disposed within aperture formed in the housing  276  and is biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 10  (e.g., by a spring (not shown)). 
     The pogo pin connector  252  of  FIG. 10  further includes at least one pogo pin  264  that is also movably interconnected with the housing  232  and that includes an ESD conductor  268  on an end thereof. Any number, arrangement, and configuration of pogo pins  264  with ESD conductors  268  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  252 . In any case, each pogo pin  264  with an ESD conductor  268  disposed thereon is typically disposed within aperture formed in the housing  276  and is biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 10  (e.g., by a spring (not shown)). 
     An end  272  of at least one ESD conductor  268  extends beyond the end  260  of at least one of the pogo pins  256  prior to the pogo pin connector  252  engaging a device  278 . In the illustrated embodiment, the end  272  of the ESD conductor  268  extends beyond the end  260  of each of the pogo pins  256 , although such need not be the case. That is, the pogo pins  256  are recessed relative to the ESD conductor  268 . This is the position illustrated in FIG.  10 . When there is relative movement of the pogo pin connector  252  toward the device  278 , each ESD conductor  268  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  278  for at least a certain amount of time before the various pogo pins  256  are brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  278 . That is, the end  272  of each of the ESD conductors  268  will initially engage the device  278  when the pogo pin connector  252  and device  278  are moved toward each other, while the ends  260  of the various pogo pins  256  will still be disposed in spaced relation to the device  278 . As the pogo pin connector  252  and device are further advanced toward each other, each ESD conductor  268  moves relative to the pogo pins  256  by compressing the spring of the associated pogo pin  264 . After a certain amount of relative movement between the ESD conductor(s)  268  and the various pogo pins  256 , the ends  260  of the pogo pins  256  will contact the device  278  to establish a desired electrical connection between the pogo pin connector  252  and the device  278 . In the illustrated embodiment, this is when the end  272  of the ESD conductor  268  and the ends  260  of the various pogo pins  256  are at least substantially coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  252 . 
     In summary, the pogo pins  256  and the ESD conductor(s)  268  of the pogo pin connector  252  move relative to each other between at least two different positions. These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor(s)  268  is engaged with the device  278 , while the pogo pins  256  are disposed in spaced relation to the device. Therefore, the ESD conductor(s)  268  is electrically interconnected with the device  278  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  268 , and not initially through the lower resistance pogo pins  256 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  10 . The ESD conductor(s)  268  also move relative to the pogo pins  256  so as to decrease the spacing between the pogo pins  256  and the device  278 , and to eventually bring the pogo pins  256  into direct contact with the device  278 . This defines a second relative position. Typically, the ESD conductor(s)  268  will also remain in contact with the device  278  in this second relative position as well, although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  252 . When the pogo pin connector  252  is disengaged from the device  278 , the ESD conductor(s)  268  move relative to the pogo pins  256  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 10  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor(s)  268  by the spring of the corresponding pogo pin  264 ). 
     Another pogo pin connector configuration that utilizes the principles discussed above in relation to the various probes is illustrated in  FIGS. 11A-B . The pogo pin connector  280  of  FIGS. 11A-B  includes a housing  304 . A plurality of pogo pins  284  are movably interconnected with the housing  304 . Any number of pogo pins  284  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  280 , and any arrangement of one or more pogo pins  284  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  280  as well. In any case, each pogo pin  284  is typically disposed within aperture formed in the housing  304  and are biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 11A  (e.g., by a spring). 
     The pogo pin connector  280  of  FIGS. 11A-B  further includes at least two pogo pins  292  that are also movably interconnected with the housing  304 . A single ESD conductor  296  is disposed on an end of each of these pogo pins  292 . Any number, arrangement, and configuration of pogo pins  292  with ESD conductors  296  may be utilized by the pogo pin connector  280 . In any case, each pogo pin  292  with an ESD conductor  296  disposed thereon is typically disposed within aperture formed in the housing  304  and is biased to the position illustrated in  FIG. 11A  (e.g., by a spring (not shown)). 
     An end  300  of at least one ESD conductor  296  extends beyond the end  288  of at least one of the pogo pins  284  prior to the pogo pin connector  280  engaging a device  308 . In the illustrated embodiment, the end of the ESD conductor  296  extends beyond the end  288  of each of the pogo pins  284 . This is the position illustrated in FIG.  11 A. When there is relative movement of the pogo pin connector  280  toward the device  308 , the ESD conductor(s)  296  will contact an electrically conductive portion of the device  308  for at least a certain amount of time before the various pogo pins  284  are brought into direct contact with an electrically conductive portion of the device  308 . That is, the end  300  of the ESD conductor(s)  296  will initially engage the device  308  when the pogo pin connector  280  and device  308  are moved toward each other, while the ends  288  of the various pogo pins  284  will still be disposed in spaced relation to the device  308 . As the pogo pin connector  280  and device  308  are further advanced toward each other, the ESD conductor(s)  296  moves relative to the pogo pins  284  by compressing the spring of the associated pogo pins  292 . After a certain amount of relative movement between the ESD conductor(s)  296  and the various pogo pins  284 , the ends  288  of the pogo pins  284  will contact the device  308  (FIG.  11 B). At least some of the pogo pins  284  pass through an appropriate aperture formed in the ESD conductor  296  to make contact with the device  308 . In the illustrated embodiment, the end  272  of the ESD conductor(s)  268  and the ends  288  of the various pogo pins  284  are not coplanar with each other. However, this need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  280 . 
     In summary, the pogo pins  284  and the ESD conductor(s)  296  of the pogo pin connector  280  move relative to each other between at least two different positions. These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the ESD conductor(s)  296  is engaged with the device  308 , while the pogo pins  284  are disposed in spaced relation to the device  308 . Therefore, the ESD conductor(s)  296  is electrically interconnected with the device  308  in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the ESD conductor  296 , and not initially through the lower resistance pogo pins  284 ). This is the relative position illustrated in FIG.  11 A. The ESD conductor(s)  296  also move relative to the pogo pins  284  so as to decrease the spacing between the pogo pins  284  and the device  308 , and to eventually bring the pogo pins  284  into direct contact with the device  308 . This defines a second relative position and is illustrated in FIG.  11 B. Typically, the ESD conductor(s)  296  will also remain in contact with the device  308  in this second relative position as well, although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the pogo pin connector  280 . When the pogo pin connector  280  is disengaged from the device  308 , the ESD conductor  296  move relative to the pogo pins  284  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 11A  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the ESD conductor(s)  296  by the spring of the corresponding pogo pin  292 ). 
     One embodiment of an electrostatic discharge coaxial cable  310  is illustrated in FIG.  12 . The coaxial cable  310  includes what may be characterized as a conduit  312  (e.g., a center wire/conductor surrounded by insulation, that is in turn surrounded by a grounded shield (e.g. braided wire)) and a connector  314  that is appropriately both structurally and electrically interconnected with the conduit  312 . The connector  314  includes an annular outer housing  316  and a concentrically disposed annular inner housing  318 . In one embodiment the outer housing  316  is metal and is electrically interconnected with the grounded shield of the conduit  312 . An outer ESD conductor  320  is disposed between the outer housing  316  and the inner housing  318 . One end of the outer ESD conductor  320  extends beyond the distal end of both the outer housing  316  and the inner housing  318 . An opposite end of the outer ESD conductor  320  is seated against one end of an annular outer spring  322  that is also disposed between the outer housing  316  and the inner housing  318 . An opposite end of the outer spring  322  engages an end cap  323  that is fixed relative to the outer housing  316  and the inner housing  318 . 
     The connector  314  further includes an annular center pin housing  328  that is disposed about and spaced from the center pin  330 . In one embodiment the center pin housing  328  is metal and is electrically isolated from the center pin  330 . An annular inner ESD conductor  324  is disposed between the center pin housing  328  and the center pin  330 . One end of the inner ESD conductor  324  extends beyond the distal end of both the center pin housing  328  and the center pin  330 . An opposite end of the inner ESD conductor  324  is seated against one end of an annular inner spring  322  that is also disposed between the center pin housing  328  and the center pin  330 . An opposite end of the outer spring  322  engages an end cap  329  of the center pin housing  328 . 
     The ESD coaxial cable  310  provides for a two-step electrical connection with another electrical device in relation to both the outer housing  316  and the center pint  330 , each of which happens at least generally in the manner discussed above in relation to the various probe and pogo pin connector embodiments discussed above. The outer housing  316  and the outer ESD conductor  320  move relative to each other between at least two different positions to provide a two-step electrical connection in relation to the outer housing  316 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position, the outer ESD conductor  320  is engaged with the device that is to be electrically interconnected with the ESD coaxial cable  310 , while the outer housing  316  is disposed in spaced relation to this device. Therefore, the outer ESD conductor  320  is electrically interconnected with the device in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the outer ESD conductor  320 , and not initially through the lower resistance outer housing  316 ). This defines a first relative position. 
     The outer ESD conductor  320  also moves relative to the outer housing  316  so as to decrease the spacing between the distal end of the outer housing  316  and the device, and to eventually bring distal end of the outer housing  316  into direct contact with the device. This defines a second relative position and is provided by a compression of the outer spring  322 . Typically, the outer ESD conductor  320  will also remain in contact with the device in this second relative position as well, although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the ESD coaxial cable  310 . When the ESD coaxial cable  310  is disengaged from the device, the outer ESD conductor  320  moves relative to the outer housing  316  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 12  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the outer ESD conductor  320  by the outer spring  322 ). 
     The inner ESD conductor  324  and the center pin  330  also move relative to each other between at least two positions to provide a two-step electrical connection in relation to the center pin  330 . These two positions are generally as follows. In one position and typically after electrical contact has been established between the device and the outer housing  316 , the inner ESD conductor  324  is engaged with the device that is to be electrically interconnected with the ESD coaxial cable  310 , while the center pin  330  is disposed in spaced relation to this device. It should be appreciated that the outer ESD conductor  320  and the inner ESD conductor  324  could simultaneously contact the device. In any case, the inner ESD conductor  324  is electrically interconnected with the device in this first relative position to allow a charge to be removed therefrom in a desired manner (e.g., slowly via the high resistance of the inner ESD conductor  324  , and not initially through the lower resistance center pin  330 ). This defines a first relative position. 
     The inner ESD conductor  324  also moves relative to center pin  330  so as to decrease the spacing between the distal end of the center pin  330  and the device, and to eventually bring the distal end of the center pin  330  into direct contact with the device. This defines a second relative position and is provided by a compression of the inner spring  326 . Typically, the inner ESD conductor  324  will also remain in contact with the device in this second relative position as well, although such need not always be the case in order to be able to utilize the two-step electrical connection process provided by the ESD coaxial cable  310 . When the ESD coaxial cable  310  is disengaged from the device, the inner ESD conductor  324  moves relative to the center pin  330  back to the position illustrated in  FIG. 12  (e.g., by an appropriate biasing force being exerted on the inner ESD conductor  324  by the inner spring  326 ). 
     Any configuration may be utilized that allows for the two-step electrical interconnection in relation to each of the outer housing  315  and the center pin  330  of the ESD coaxial cable  310 . What is of importance is that the outer ESD conductor  320  contact the device prior to the outer housing  316 , and that the inner ESD conductor  324  contact the device before the center pin  330 . 
     The configurations used by the above-described pogo pin connectors  220 ,  252  and  280 , as well as by the ESD coaxial cable  310 , to establish a multi-step electrical connection with another device may be used by any device to establish an electrical connection with any other device. 
     The foregoing description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit the invention to the form disclosed herein. Consequently, variations and modifications commensurate with the above teachings, and skill and knowledge of the relevant art, are within the scope of the present invention. The embodiments described hereinabove are further intended to explain best modes known of practicing the invention and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention in such, or other embodiments and with various modifications required by the particular application(s) or use(s) of the present invention. It is intended that the appended claims be construed to include alternative embodiments to the extent permitted by the prior art.