Patent Publication Number: US-PP11844-P2

Title: Chrysanthemum plant named ‘Yopam’

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of Chrysanthemum plant, botanically known as  Dendranthema grandiflora  and referred to by the cultivar name Yopam. 
     The new cultivar is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the Inventor in Salinas, Calif. The objective of the breeding program is to create new garden-type Chrysanthemum cultivars having inflorescences with desirable inflorescence forms and floret colors and good garden performance. 
     The new cultivar originated from a cross made by the Inventor in November, 1993, of the  Dendranthema grandiflora  cultivar Debonair (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,324) as the female, or seed, parent with an unidentified proprietary seedling selection as the male, or pollen, parent. 
     The cultivar Yopam was discovered and selected by the Inventor as a flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., in January, 1995. The selection of this plant was based on its desirable inflorescence form and ray floret color. 
     Asexual reproduction of the new cultivar by terminal cuttings taken in a controlled environment in Salinas, Calif., has shown that the unique features of this new Chrysanthemum are stable and reproduced true to type in successive generations. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The cultivar Yopam has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environment such as temperature, daylength and light intensity, without, however, any variance in genotype. 
     The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of ‘Yopam’. These characteristics in combination distinguish ‘Yopam’ as a new and distinct cultivar: 
     1. Uniformly mounded and dense plant habit. 
     2. Decorative-type inflorescences that are about 6.4 cm in diameter. 
     3. Attractive purple ray florets. 
     4. Numerous inflorescences per plant. 
     The new Chrysanthemum is similar to the  Dendranthema grandiflora  cultivar Christine, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 8,988. However in side-by-side comparisons under commercial practice, plants of the new Chrysanthemum differed from plants of the cultivar Christine in the following characteristics: 
     1. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum are shorter and more spreading than plants of the cultivar Christine. 
     2. Plants of the new Chrysanthemum flower about ten days later than plants of the cultivar Christine under natural season conditions. 
     3. Ray florets of plants of the new Chrysanthemum are much darker in color than ray florets of plants of the cultivar Christine. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS 
     The accompanying photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new cultivar. 
     The photograph at the top of the sheet comprises a side perspective view of a typical flowering plant of ‘Yopam’. 
     The photograph at the bottom of the sheet comprises a close-up view of typical inflorescences of the cultivar ‘Yopam’. These photographs show the colors as true as it is reasonably possible to obtain in colored reproductions of this type. Floret and foliage colors in the photographs may differ from the actual colors due to light reflectance. 
    
    
     DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart except where general terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used. The following observations and measurements describe plants grown in Leamington, Ontario, Canada, under conditions which approximate those generally used in commercial garden Chrysanthemum production. One rooted cutting was planted in a 15-cm container on Jul. 20, 1998 and plants were grown outdoors under natural season conditions. Measurements and numerical values represent averages for typical flowering containers. 
     Botanical classification:  Dendranthema grandiflora  cultivar Yopam. 
     Commercial classification: Decorative-type garden chrysanthemum. 
     Parentage: 
       Female or seed parent.—Dendranthema grandiflora  cultivar Debonair, disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 5,324. 
       Male or pollen parent.— Unidentified proprietary seedling selection. 
     Propagation: 
       Type.— Terminal tip cuttings. 
       Time to rooting.— Seven to ten days with soil temperatures of 21° C. 
       Rooting habit.— Fine, fibrous and well-branched. 
     Plant description: 
       Appearance.— Perennial herbaceous decorative-type garden Chrysanthemum. Inverted triangle. Stems initially upright, then outwardly spreading giving a uniformly mounded appearance to the plant. Freely branching with lateral branches potentially developing at every node, when pinched, about 9 laterals develop; plants dense and bushy. Stems reddish in color. 
       Plant height.— About 34.5 cm. 
       Plant spread.— About 39 cm. 
       Foliage description.— Leaf arrangement: Alternate. Length: About 6.4 cm. Width: About 5.8 cm. Apex; Cuspidate. Base: Attenuate. Margin: Palmately lobed, sinuses parallel to divergent. Texture: Upper surface sparsely pubescent; lower surface moderately pubescent. Veins prominent on lower surface. Petiole length: About 2.3 cm. Petiole diameter: About 3.5 mm. Color: Young foliage upper surface: 147A. Young foliage lower surface: Darker than 147B. Mature foliage upper surface: 147A. Mature foliage lower surface: Slightly darker than 147B. Venation upper surface: 147A to 147B. Venation lower surface: 147B. 
     Inflorescence description: 
       Appearance.— Decorative-type inflorescence form with oblong-shaped ray florets. Inflorescences borne on terminals above foliage, arising from leaf axils. Disk and ray florets arranged acropetally on a capitulum. One inflorescence per terminal with numerous inflorescences per plant, about 10 per lateral stem. 
       Flowering response.— Under natural season conditions, plants flower in early October in the Northern Hemisphere, about 78 days after planting, and flower for at least three weeks depending on weather conditions. 
       Inflorescence bud  ( before showing color ).—Height: About 7 mm. Diameter: About 8 mm. Phyllary color: Close to 141A. 
       Inflorescence size.— Diameter: About 6.4 cm. Depth (height): About 2.1 cm. Diameter of disc: About 2 mm. 
       Ray florets.— Shape: Oblong; short corolla tube; initially concave, then convex with development. Length: About 3 cm. Width: About 9 mm. Apex: Dentate to rounded. Margin: Entire. Texture: Smooth, glabrous, satiny. Orientation: Initially upright, then horizontal. Number of ray florets per inflorescence: Typically about 205. Color: When opening: Upper surface: Between 61A to 59B to 59C, dulled. Lower surface: Close to 59D. Opened inflorescence: Upper surface: Close to 59C to 59D; fading to 185C to 185D to close to 64D; iridescent. Lower surface: Between 59D and 185C streaked with lighter dulled pink, 185D. 
       Disc florets.— Shape: Tubular, apex dentate. Length: About 5 mm. Width: Apex: About 2 mm. Base: About 1 mm. Number of disc florets per inflorescence: Typically fewer than five. Color: Immature: 154A. Mature: Apex: 13A to 19A. Mid-section: Light green. Base: White. 
       Peduncle.— Aspect: Flexible, thick, angled about 35 to 40° to the stem. Length: First peduncle: About 7.7 cm. Fourth peduncle: About 8.2 cm. Diameter: About 3 mm. Texture: Pubescent. Color: 147A with reddish overtones. 
       Reproductive organs.— Androecium: Present on disc florets only. Anther color: 9A. Pollen: Scarce; 14A. Gynoecium: Present on both ray and disc florets. 
     Disease resistance: Resistance to known Chrysanthemum diseases has not been observed on plants grown under commercial production conditions. 
     Seed production: Seed production has not been observed.