Patent Publication Number: US-2013242580-A1

Title: Methods and systems for led lighting

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 61/608,561 filed on 8 May 2012, and which application is incorporated herein by reference. A claim of priority to all, to the extent appropriate, is made. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The field relates to lighting devices, and more particularly to the solid state lighting, e.g., LED lights. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Lighting has been typically accomplished by filament light bulbs for about the past 100 years, as originally developed by Thomas Edison. Filament light bulbs come in many sizes and use various illumination based on amounts of energy they consume, e.g., 25 Watts, 40 Watts, 60 Watts, 100 Watts and up. The standard light bulb uses a threaded base that screws into a standard Edison base receptacle, which is used to mechanically hold the bulb and provide electrical connectivity to the light bulb. This base and receptacle combination is commonly referred to as the “Edison Bulb”. Screw-in filament bulbs are not thought of as energy efficient as a significant amount of the energy is converted to heat instead of light. The filament bulbs generally emit omni-directional light. 
     Light emitting diode (LED) is considered an energy efficient successor to filament light bulbs. The extensive existing network of Edison Bulb sockets requires that next generation lighting have an option to retrofit with the older screw-in Edison sockets. Challenges of utilizing LED lighting in such circumstances include heat dissipation, energy management and lack of illumination direction control. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A-B  are block diagrams of an lighting device, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is an elevational view of a light emitting diode lighting device, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  is an LED assembly for the lighting device of  FIG. 2 , according to an example embodiment; 
         FIGS. 4A-B  is a top view of the LED assembly of  FIG. 3 , according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 5  is an exploded, partial cross sectional view of the LED assembly, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 6  is a bottom view of an insert sleeve for the lighting assembly, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 7  is a top view of a bottom socket for the lighting assembly, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 8  is an enlarged view of a fitment of the rotating part of the assembly, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIGS. 9A-B  are schematic views of a turning structure of the light assembly, according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 10  is a block diagram of a system in the example form of an electrical system within which a set of instructions for causing the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein, e.g., lighting control, may be executed or stored; 
         FIG. 11  is an LED assembly for the lighting device of  FIG. 2 , according to an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 12  is a top view of the LED assembly of  FIG. 11 , according to an example embodiment; and 
         FIG. 13  is flow chart for using the solid state light, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 14A-B  are top and perspective views of a LED assembly, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 15A-B  are perspective views of a LED assembly with ball and socket connection, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 16A-B  are perspective views of a LED assembly with a magnetic connector, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 17A-D  are perspective views of a magnetic connector, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 18A-B  are perspective views of a LED assembly with a peg and pin component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 19A-B  are perspective views of a LED assembly with slotted sleeve component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS. 20A-B  are perspective views of a LED assembly with a tilt mechanism, according to an example embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Example methods and systems for lighting devices are described. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of example embodiments. It will be evident, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. 
     Embodiments of the present invention utilize a standard ‘Edison’ screw-in light bulb base on which embodiments are attached that support at least one solid state LED, its driving circuit, with the ability to change the direction of the LEDs, in relation to the screw in base, while keeping the electrical connections produced by the screw-in base. 
     The adjustment can include multiple degrees of freedom, such as purely rotation, in the same plane as the screw-in connection, but can also include a secondary dimensional adjustment which in combination, provides a full 180 spherical degrees of adjustment, or a connection which allows the same degree of adjustment in one embodiment. The first rotational component allows for rotational in a horizontal plane with the base or rotation within the base. The secondary or second movement component or mechanism allows for movement in a plane or on an axis separate from the plane of movement of the first rotation mechanism. The lighter heat sink and increased heat dissipation allow for lower-cost and simpler manufacture. 
     Embodiments of the present invention provide increased efficiency as LEDs are placed in an orientation for optimal directional lighting. The embodiments may be used in standard ‘Edison’ sockets, but re not limited to the screw-in base as new methods are developed. 
     Embodiments of the present invention allow for the design of solid state devices which need not conform to the standard shape of the Edison ‘globe’ bulb, as solid state devices do not require a vacuum tube, which is required in filament, fluorescent, Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL&#39;s) or induction lights. LEDs are placed on a panel, either flat or curved in any shape desired, providing decorative functions without a fixture or ‘lamp shade’. The LED panels can be encased and shaded, tinted glass/acrylic used to change the desired lighting effect, so that the device provides both luminous and fixture characteristics in one device. 
     Embodiments of the present invention also add the benefit of natural heat dissipating effects when the LEDS are spaced further apart, and because the LEDs need not be enclosed within a glass or globe sphere, but may optionally be. 
     Light bulbs may come in standard 25 Watt, 40 Watt, 60 Watt, 100 Watt, A19 filament (e.g., ‘Edison bulbs’) formats and can produce light in all directions (omni-directional). The light intensity may be equal in all directions. Solid state lights (e.g., light emitting diodes (‘LED’)) save energy but are directional by nature. They produce light in one direction, usually in a narrow illumination angle, which can be less than 90 degrees or less than 60 degrees or less than 45 degrees. Standard Edison light bulb sockets are threaded, and the standard bulb is screwed into the socket until the bulb ‘bottoms out’, thus making electrical connections. The alignment of the bulb when fully seated in the socket is arbitrary as male and female threaded components can be manufactured at any rotation. Moreover, the placement of a lamp or socket at a location will further change the end position of the light when fully seated. Controlling this aspect of manufacturing was not a concern for the application of standard Edison style light bulbs which produced light in all directions (omni-directional). 
     LED lights are quickly displacing compact fluorescence lights (CFL) as the bulb of choice, in the move towards increasing the efficiency without the use of mercury, found in CFL&#39;s. Mercury is an environmental pollutant. 
     Up until now, LED light design packages have been focused on direction applications, like recessed canned lights (R30) where the uni-directional nature of LEDs was an asset. 
     One way to produce solid state lights that replace traditional filament bulbs, i.e., to achieve 360 degree illumination, is by placing LEDs in all sides of a cylinder, with a few LEDs placed on top of the cylinder. 
     Solid state light, especially in the A19 form factor, lack the lumens to directly replace most 60 W or 100 W applications. However, many standard light fixtures are directional in nature and do not benefit from the 360 degree illumination of standard Edison bulbs, like ceiling fixtures. 
       FIG. 1A  is a block diagram of an example lighting device  102 , according to an example embodiment. The lighting device  102  includes a plurality of light emitters  121 . The light emitters  121  are solid state light emitters, e.g., light emitting diodes, or organic light emitting diodes, are set in a light mount  123  to mechanically support the light emitters. The light mount  123  further provides electrical connections to the light emitters. Light mount  123  can be a housing that has a substrate on which the light emitters can be fabricated or mounted to. The light emitters  121  can be hermetically sealed. A base  127  is provided and is connected to the light mount  123  through a rotation structure  125 . The base  127  can connected the lighting device  102  to a light location, e.g., a socket. The rotation structure  125  allows the light emitters to be rotated to emit light in a desired direction regardless of the orientation of the base  127  in the light location. The rotation structure  125  allows the light mount  123  to rotate relative to the base  127 . In an example, the base  127  is screwed into a threaded socket without concern of its end position. Thus, the light device  102  can be used in any socket regardless of the number of threads, length of threads, or start orientation of the threads with the rotation structure  125  correcting for the orientation of the base  127 . The system may include a secondary axis or movement mechanism  128 . 
     Circuitry  129  is electrical circuitry that allows electricity to be delivered to the light emitters  121  regardless of the position of the base  127 , rotation structure  125  or the light mount  123 . The circuitry  129  may be wiring that delivers household current (in US, 120V, 60 Hz, AC; in European Union, 230 V±6% at 50 Hz, AC.) or other source current. Circuitry  129  can also provide control functions that convert the input current to a signal that can drive the light emitters  121 . The drive signal can be less than 5 V, about 3.5 V or less than 3.5 V. The drive signal is typically direct current. The drive signal for the light emitters can be semiconductors with light-emitting junctions designed to use low-voltage, constant current DC power to produce light. LEDs have polarity and, therefore, current only flows in one direction. Circuitry  129  can also dim the light emitters by lowering the current or using Pulsed Width Modulation (PWM) to control the light being output. LEDs have a very quick response time (˜20 nanoseconds) and instantaneously reach full light output. Therefore, many of the undesirable effects resulting from varying current levels, such as wavelength shift or forward voltage changes, can be minimized by driving the light emitters  121  at their rated current and rapidly switching that current on and off. This technique, known as PWM, is the best way to achieve stable results for applications that require dimming to less than 40% of rated current. By keeping the current at the rated level and varying the ratio of the pulse “on” time versus the time from pulse to pulse (commonly referred to as the duty cycle), the brightness can be lowered. The human eye cannot detect individual light pulses at a rate greater than 200 cycles per second and averages the light intensity thereby perceiving a lower level of light. 
       FIG. 1B  is a block diagram of an example system  100 , according to an example embodiment. The system  100  includes numerous lighting devices  102 , herein shown in two groups, which can be at different locations, e.g., different buildings, different rooms, different locations. The different groups of lights  102  are connected to a control  106 , which can be a computing machine or other electrical control device, through networks  108 ,  109 . Networks  108 ,  109  can be global communication networks, local area networks, wireless networks, building networks, etc. The control  106  can communicate with a memory  110  that stores a database, which can store light control instructions. Such instructions can be individual to each light  102  or to groups of lights  102 . 
     The control  106  includes a control that is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,393,119, which is hereby incorporated by reference for any purpose. However, if U.S. Pat. No. 7,393,119 conflicts with the present disclosure, the present disclosure controls. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates the lighting device  102 , according to an example embodiment. A base  215  includes outer threads to mate with a threaded socket (not shown) to mechanically mount the lighting device  102  in a lighting system, e.g., a lamp. The base  215  provides electrical connection to energize the lighting the device  102 . The outer surface of the base can include at least two electrical contacts. In an example, an electrical contact  216  is provided at the bottom and makes electrical contact when the lighting device  102  is full, securely mounted in a socket. The outer surface of base can act as the other electrode when it is electrically conductive. A coupling  218  is affixed to the top of the base  215 . Coupling  218  can include a heat sink. A lighting substrate  220  is on or in the coupling  218  and supports the light emitters  225 , which are shown as mounted on a tower  226 . Emitters  225  can be LEDs. The base  220  can include circuitry to drive the light emitters  225 . A cover  230  is affixed over the tower  226  and seals the light emitters  225  from the environment. The cover  230  can be a globe that is transparent to the light. A globe can be glass or a polymer. The globe may be similar to a conventional globe on an incandescent light bulb. The coupling  218  is rotatable relative to the base  215 . The tower  226  is fixed to the coupling and rotates with the coupling relative to the base  215 . In an example, the cover  230  and the substrate  220  are also fixed to the coupling  218 . In this example, a user can grip the cover, the substrate  220  or the coupling to turn the light emitters  225  relative to the base  215  and the location to which the base  215  is engaged. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates the lighting tower  226  that includes a plurality of light emitters  225 . The tower  226  can be a polyhedral, e.g., a prism, or a pyramid. The tower can be a triangular prism, a square prism, a pentagon prism, or a hexagonal prism. The tower  226  can be a cylinder. The tower  226  can also be is topped by a hemisphere or a pyramid-type structure. In an example, the light emitters  225  are not mounted to each side, each face, or around the entire circumference of the tower  226 . Stated another way, the tower has an area that is free from light emitters.  FIG. 3  shows a six-sided prism tower  226  that has light emitters  225  on at least three faces  331  of the tower. A plurality The light emitters  225  are vertically aligned on the three vertical faces  331  shown. At least one of the other faces (not shown in  FIG. 3A ) does not have light emitters thereon. The top of the tower  226  can also have light emitters on faces  332 , e.g., on each face or on a plurality of faces but not all faces. 
       FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrates a top view of a lighting tower  226  and a side view of the lighting tower  226 .  FIG. 4A  shows that at least one face  433  (here shown as half or three of the six vertical faces) of the tower  226  does not have a light emitter.  FIG. 4A  shows at least one top face  432  (here shown as half or three of the six top faces) of the tower  226  does not have a light emitter.  FIG. 4B  shows the same tower  226  as shown in  FIG. 3  but rotated, e.g., about 60 degrees with the tower  226  being a regular hexagonal prism. 
     In the example shown and described in  FIGS. 3 ,  4 A, and  4 B only half of the tower  226  includes light emitters. Accordingly only half of the lighting device emitters light, which emitting faces or surfaces can be oriented in the direction light is needed. It is believed that orienting the light emitters allows the use of half the number of light emitters  225  or a reduced number of light emitters to achieve cost savings in manufacture and in use (e.g., energy savings). Comparing  FIGS. 3 ,  4 A,  4 B to the example shown in  FIGS. 11 ,  12 , the same number of light emitters are used but the light emitters  225  are oriented in direction light is needed. This can increase the usable light or the lumens applied in a useful manner that consumes the same power and same driver as the  FIG. 11  or  12  examples. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates an exploded, partial cross sectional view of the lighting device  102 . Lighting device  102  can include a base  215 , which may, in some example, be referred to as a screw cap. A coupling  218  is rotatably fixed to the base  215 . A substrate  220  is fixed to the coupling  218 . The light emitter tower  226  is affixed to one of the substrate  220  or the coupling  218 . 
     Base  215  includes a threaded outer shroud  541  that has an outer shape that matches a standard light socket. An upwardly (relative to  FIG. 5 ) recess  542  in which is fixed a sleeve  544 . The sleeve  555  has a cup shape with an open top  546  and essentially closed bottom  547  and a cylindrical wall  548  extending between the top and the bottom. The bottom  547  has an aperture  549  through which wires or other electrical conductors  551  extend. A stop  560  is fixed to the bottom  547  of the side wall of the sleeve  555 . The stop  560  extends inwardly of the side wall  548  and/or extends upwardly from the bottom  547 . The sleeve  555  further extends upwardly above the screw cap  215 . 
     Coupling  218  has a cyclindrical body  562  with an outer diameter that is less than the inner diameter of the sleeve  544 . The coupling  218  is rotatable within the sleeve  555 . A stop  563  extends downwardly from the bottom of the body  562  and is adapted to contact the stop  560  to stop rotation of the coupling relative to the sleeve  555 . The two stops  560 ,  563  are aligned such that they can selectively contact each other. A rim  565  extends radially outwardly from the top of the main body  562 . The rim  565  may define an outer surface of the light device  102 . A latch  567  extends outwardly from the main body  56 . Latch  567  is sized to engage a channel  868  ( FIG. 8 ) in the sleeve  555 . The latch  567  may extend completely around the outer circumference of the main body  562 . In an example, a plurality of latches  567  are provided and are spaced from each other around the body  562 . The latch  567  does not extend outwardly of the rim  565 . Coupling  218  further includes an aperture  569  that aligns with aperture  549  to receive electrical conductors therethrough. 
     Substrate  220  includes a body that is fixed to the coupling  218  and to which the cover  230  is fixed. The substrate  220  can include the electrical circuitry need to drive the light emitters  102 . The substrate  220  can include a heat sink structure to remove heat from the circuitry and from inside the cover  230 . Substrate  220  can include fins or other structures to facilitate thermal conductivity. 
     Light emitter tower  226  is mountable to the substrate  220  for mechanical support. The substrate  220  can also provide electrical signals to the light emitters  102  on the tower  226 . The tower  226  can be any tower as described herein. 
     The cover  230  defines a hollow interior into which the tower  226  extends. The tower  226  does not contact the cover  230 . The cover  230  can be a globe. The cover  230  can be made of glass. The cover  230  can be made of a polymer. 
       FIG. 6  shows a bottom view of the rotatable coupling  218  of the lighting device  102 . The aperture  569  is centrally located on the bottom of the coupling  218 . A stop  563  is affixed to the bottom on its bottom side. The stop  563  extends downwardly (relative to  FIG. 5 ) and is in alignment with stop  560  when assembled. 
       FIG. 7  shows a top view of the base  215  with the stop  560  in the recessed, hollow interior of the base  215 . If the base  215  as shown in  FIG. 7  is assembly with the coupling as shown in  FIG. 6 , then the coupling can rotate about 180 degrees before the coupling stop  563  contacts the base stop  560 . Once stops  560 ,  563  contact each other, then the rotational force on the coupling  218  is transferred to the base  215 . This allows the user to screw the base  215  into a location, e.g., a threaded socket. Once the base  215  is fixed into its installed location, then the coupling  218  can be rotated almost 360 degrees the other direction (less the width of the stop  560  or less the width of both stops  560 ,  563 ) to orient the light emitters on the tower  226 . Accordingly, the faces of the tower  226  with a reduced number of light emitters or no light emitters can be located away from the direction in which lighting is desired. The faces of the tower  226  with the lights can be positioned to emit light in the desired direction. 
       FIG. 8  shows a connection of the coupling  218  to the sleeve  544  using a fitment. In an example, the fitment allows for rotational movement but not longitudinal separation of the coupling  218  from the sleeve  544 . The latch  567  includes an included side that allows the wall of the coupling  218  to deform and allow the coupling  218  to move into the sleeve  544 . In an example, the latch  567  forces the top part of the sleeve  544  to deflect outwardly and allow the latch to pass. When fully inserted the latch  567  passed a inward lip of the sleeve  544  and is received in the channel  868  below the lip. The latch  567  includes a substantially flat side opposite the incline side that secures the latch in the channel  868 . Other snap fits may be used to fix the coupling  218  to the sleeve  544  and/or the base. Such a snap fit can be an annular snap fit. Another example is a ball and socket fitment. Another example is a cantilever snap fit. 
       FIG. 9A  shows a schematic of a turning mechanism  900  for a lighting device  102 . The turning mechanism  900  includes a first plurality of teeth extending rightwardly in  FIG. 9   a  on the coupling  218  and a second plurality of teeth extending leftwardly in FIG. on the base  215 . The teeth are interlaced such that the coupling  218  is freely rotatable in the clockwise direction relative to the base  215 , until such time as the interlocking teeth (threads) can no longer be turned relative to the base. A stop may be provided and would be engaged during the clockwise rotation of the coupling  218  relative to the base  215  so that the coupling cannot be removed from the base  215  when turned in the opposite direction (counter clockwise) when unscrewing the bulb from the socket. The coupling may rotate more than 360 degrees in an example in the clockwise direction, but is limited in the counterclockwise direction by the stop (stop not shown in drawing  9 A). 
       FIG. 9B  shows a schematic view of a turning mechanism  900 B that includes a base  218  with an outer wall with threads that may engage a socket. The base wall defines a hollow interior space. A pawl is affixed to the base and extends into the interior. In an example, the pawl is affixed to the bottom or the wall of the base. A toothed gear is affixed to the coupling  218 . The coupling can turn in one rotational direction relative to the pawl and the base. This is the mounting direction, e.g., clockwise for right hand threads. When the base is being mounted in a socket the force of the pawl is not overcome. However, once the base is fully mounted in the socket, the base stops turning. If a rotational force is applied to the coupling, it may turn by rotating the gear and wither the teeth of the gear being deflecting verses the pawl or the pawl deflecting verses the gear teeth. The coupling can rotate over 360 degrees in this example. When it is time to remove the light from the socket, the coupling and base turn together in the opposite rotational direction as the pawl prevents relative rotation in that direction. 
       FIG. 10  shows a block diagram of a machine in the example form of a computing system  1000  within which a set of instructions may be executed causing the machine to perform any one or more of the methods, processes, operations, or methodologies discussed herein. The lighting device  102  may include the functionality of the one or more computing systems  1000 . One or more computing systems  1000  can control the operation of one or more lighting device  102 . 
     In an example embodiment, the machine operates as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the machine may operate in the capacity of a server or a client machine in server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machine may be a server computer, a client computer, a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a gaming device, a set-top box (STB), a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a cellular telephone, a web appliance, a network router, switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine. Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term “machine” shall also be taken to include any collection of machines that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. 
     The example computing system  1000  includes a processor  1002  (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) a graphics processing unit (GPU) or both), a main memory  1004  and a static memory  1006 , which communicate with each other via a bus  1008 . The computing system  1000  further includes a video display unit  1010  (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)). The computer system  1000  also includes an alphanumeric input device  1012  (e.g., a keyboard), a cursor control device  1014  (e.g., a mouse), a drive unit  1016 , a signal generation device  1018  (e.g., a speaker) and a network interface device  1020 . 
     The drive unit  1016  includes a computer-readable medium  1022  on which is stored one or more sets of instructions (e.g., software  1024 ) embodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The software  1024  may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory  1004  and/or within the processor  1002  during execution thereof by the computing system  1000 , the main memory  1004  and the processor  1002  also constituting computer-readable media. 
     The software  1024  may further be transmitted or received over a network  1026  via the network interface device  1020 . 
     While the computer-readable medium  1022  is shown in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions. The term “computer-readable medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing or encoding a set of instructions for execution by the machine and that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present invention. The term “computer-readable medium” shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, and optical media, and magnetic media. In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium is a non-transitory computer-readable medium. 
       FIG. 11  shows a perspective view of a tower  1126 , which may include some of the features of tower  226 . Tower  1126  is polyhedral, e.g., a prism. Here shown as four sided. The tower  1126  includes a flat top face that has at least two light emitters  225  thereon. In an example, the light emitters  225  are not mounted to each side, each face, or around the entire circumference of the tower  226 . Stated another way, the tower has an area that is free from light emitters. In another example, all of the vertical sides have at least some light emitters thereon. However, some sides may have more light emitters than others. The light emitters  225  are vertically aligned on the two vertical faces shown. At least one of the other faces does not have light emitters thereon, in an example. 
       FIG. 12  shows a top view of a lighting tower  1126 , which is a flat face that is transverse to at least one of the side faces. 
       FIG. 13  shows a method  1300  of installing the lights as described herein. At  1301 , the base of a light is secured into a socket of a lighting base. The socket is to provide mechanical support and electrical connection to the light, e.g., through the base. At  1302 , the install of the base into the socket stops. In an example, the base is fully screwed into an internally threaded socket. At  1303 , the light assembly is further rotated relative to the base, which is fixed in place in the socket. At  1304 , the light is used, e.g., by the use of control circuitry, which can include switches or other programmable circuits. At the end, the light can be removed when it does not emit light anymore. The light is removed, e.g., by rotating the light relative to the socket in an opposite direction relative to the direction of installation. The light assembly and base rotate together in this direction and not relative to each other. Accordingly, the light assembly and base rotate together. A secondary movement or axis mechanism or component can be positioned or attached between the light assembly and base to provide an additional axis or plane of movement, separate from the first rotation mechanism. 
       FIGS. 14A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where a rotating LED printed circuit board (PCB) panel  1402  is comprised of heat sink  1404  attached to the LED PCB  1402  on which LEDs  1410  are attached. The PCB heat sink  1404  is attached to a heat sink post  1412 . Heat sink post  1412  is attached to heat sink base  1404  via a retention screw  1406 , but is not fastened too tightly that will stop rotation, but tight enough to maintain contact with heat sink base  1404 . The LEDs may be placed on one flat PCB as shown, or placed on multiple PCBs arranged in such a manner to provide a biased direction of illumination, or the PCB maybe flexible in nature and affixed to a semi-circular substrate. The density and placement of LEDs is such to maximize lumen intensity with heat management disciplines which will not damage nor reduce the useful life of the LED. 
     Located in the heat sink base  1404  is a rotating stop peg  1408  which includes a head which protrudes above the base. The rotating LED panel  1402  bottom edge has a different clearance between the bottom of one side of the PCB panel and the opposite side. The smaller clearance side of the PCB panel  1402 , will contact rotating stop peg  1408  when rotated. When the PCB panel is rotated 350 degrees, the PCB panel  1402  will once again come in contact with rotation stop pin  1408 , limiting rotation to less than 360 degrees. This first degree of freedom allows horizontal rotation in respect to the Edison base. The stop pin or peg  1408  allows for horizontal rotation without releasing the LED panel  1402  from the Edison base or screw-in socket. The retention screw  1406  is an example and can be any mechanism that allows rotation of the LED panel  1402  in a horizontal plane, such as a post, column, etc. 
     Conductor leads or wires  1414  from the LED driver (not shown) to the PCB panel  1402  are placed through holes in the heat sink base  1416 . Conducting wires  1414  are long enough to provide full rotation between fully clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the rotating LED panel  1402 . 
       FIGS. 15A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where a directional LED PCB panel  1402  is comprised of LED panel heat sink (optional)  1508  attached to or integrated with the LED PCB  1402  on which LEDs  1410  are attached or integrated. 
     The mechanism shown for adjustment is an encapsulated ball and socket  1501 , comprised of a ball  1514  held by a socket  1502 . The force needed to move the ball  1514  within the socket  1502  is such that it supports the directional LED panel  1402  and remains in its position set, but with minimal force can be adjusted to the desired angle. 
     The directional LED panel  1402  is attached to or integrated with the ball and socket attachment arm  1510  with fasteners  1504 . Fasteners  1504  can be any mechanism that joins or holds the components in proximity, including adhesives. The ball and socket  1501  is mounted to the heat sink base  1404  with mounting screws  1516 . The ball and socket mechanism can be optionally integrated into the heat sink base  1404 , for example. The heat sink base  1404  can contain LED drivers inside of it. 
     When viewing from a frontal position, the directional LED panel  1402  can be adjusted about 210 degrees front to back, and about 360 degrees of rotation, or any combination of the above. Electric power can be supplied to the directional LED panel  1402  via conductor wires  1414  which are long enough to provide full adjustment front to back and 360 degrees of rotation. 
     The directional LED panel  1402  may include a rigid PCB panel  1402 , or it may be semi flexible to give a concave or convex curve for decorative functions. The shape of the panel  1402  can also impart directional lamination. The directional LED panel  1402  may also be encased within protective envelope to provide electrical insulation protection from electrical shock as well as tinted materials on the LED side to provide color tint adjustment. 
       FIGS. 16A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where a directional LED PCB panel  1402  is comprised of LED panel heat sink (optional)  1508  attached to the LED PCB  1402  on which LEDs  1410  are attached. 
     The mechanism shown for adjustment is a magnetic ball and socket  1606 , comprised of a ball  1514  held in a socket by a magnet base  1602 . The force needed to move the ball  1514  within the socket  1602  is such that it supports the directional LED panel  1402  and remains in its position set, but with minimal force can be adjusted to the desired angle. 
     The directional LED panel  1402  is attached to magnetic ball and socket attachment arm  1608  with fasteners  1604 . The fasteners can be optional  1604  if the panel is integrated with the arm. The magnetic ball and socket  1606  is mounted to the heat sink base  1404  with mounting screws  1516 , or optionally integrated. The heat sink base  1404  can contain LED drivers inside of it. 
     When viewing from a frontal position, the directional LED panel  1402  can be adjusted about 200 degrees front to back, and about 360 degrees of rotation, or any combination of the above. This provides first and second degrees of rotation and direction for positioning and illumination. Electric power is supplied to the directional LED panel  1402  via conductor wires  1414  which are long enough to provide full adjustment front to back and 360 degrees of rotation. Alternatively, since the magnetic ball joint  1606  is electrically conductive, one conductor wire  1414  may be eliminated when the magnetic base is used as a conductor. For example, two conductive wires or one conductive wire and the magnetic component may be used for electrical connectivity. 
     The directional LED panel  1402  may include a rigid PCB panel  1402 , or it may be semi flexible to give a concave or convex curve for decorative functions. The directional LED panel  1402  may also be encased within protective envelope to provide electrical insulation protection from electrical shock as well as tinted materials on the LED side to provide color tint adjustment. 
       FIGS. 17A-D  show perspective views of a magnetic ball and socket attachment mechanism. A steel ball  1704  is in contact with a casing  1706 , such as a brass casing. A magnet  1702  is in contact with the ball  1704 . An attachment arm  1708  is integrated with or attached to the ball  1704 , for attachment to an LED panel  1402 . A mounting mechanism  1714 , such as a threaded hole is shown on a lower portion of the casing  1712 . 
       FIGS. 18A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where a rotating coupling mechanism  1806 ,  1808  allows a LED panel  1402  to be rotated to the desire angle of rotation, after the light bulb has been secured into a standard Edison light socket. 
     The outer sleeve  1808  is fixed into a standard Edison base either by mechanical or epoxy means. The inner sleeve  1806  is inserted into the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve  1806  is held within the outer sleeve  1808  by a retaining ring  1804 , which when inserted, is seated in the optional retaining ring slot  1810 , located inside the outer sleeve  1808 . The inner and outer sleeves may also be joined by friction, adhesive, mechanical means or another mechanism to join or hold them in proximity. The outer and inner sleeves can be interlocked in which they are joined or positioned in adjacent proximity. The outer sleeve  1808  contacts and holds the light assembly and inner sleeve  1806  to the base, while allowing the inner sleeve  1806  to rotate. The inner sleeve  1806  can have any number of stopping pegs, pins, snaps, etc. that allow it to lock to, affix or hold its alignment with the outer sleeve  1808  and can also act as a point of stopping rotation. The outer sleeve  1808  can include any number of stopping mechanisms, to interact with the peg, pin, snap, etc. on the inner sleeve  1806 . A single outer sleeve or inner sleeve could also be utilized with a spring contact. The spring contact including electrical connectivity. 
     The outer sleeve  1808  has a stopping pin  1802  located so that it protrudes inwards to a depth equal to or slightly less than the thickness of the inner sleeve  1806 . The pin is further located so that it only will contact the sides of the stopping cog  1812  feature located on the bottom of the inner sleeve  1806 . The inner sleeve  1806  is allowed to rotate freely in one direction until the stopping cog  1812  comes in contact with the stopping pin  1802 . Conversely, the inner sleeve  1806  is allowed to fully rotate within the outer sleeve  1808  in the opposite direction, until the point which the stopping cog  1812  contacts with the stopping pin  1802  from the opposite side (direction). 
     The LED PCB panel  1402  can include a heat sink (optional)  1404  attached to or integrated with the LED PCB  1402  on which LEDs  1410  are attached. The PCB heat sink (optional)  1404  is attached to a heat sink support post  1814 , which may also act like as an additional heat sink. Heat sink support post  1814  is attached to heat sink base  1404  via a retention screw  1406  and thermally conductive adhesive (as one option). The retention screw  1406  is fastened tightly to the heat sink base  1404 , thus fixing the location LED panel  1402  to the heat sink base  1404 . The heat sink base  1404  may contain LED driver circuitry. The heat sink base  1404  is attached to and is supported by the inner sleeve  1806 . 
     Conductor leads  1416  from the LED driver (not shown) to the PCB panel are placed through holes in the heat sink base  1416 . Conducting wires  1416  are long enough to provide full rotation between fully clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the rotating LED panel  1402 . 
     The device is inserted into a standard Edison light socket base and screwed in until good mechanical and electrical contacts are made. At this point, the device may be rotated in the opposite rotation used to insert the bulb, so that the LED panel  1402  is aimed in the desired angle for illumination. 
       FIGS. 19A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where a rotating coupling mechanism  1806 ,  1808  allows a LED panel to be rotated to the desire angle of rotation, after the light bulb has been secured into a standard Edison light socket. 
     The outer sleeve  1808  is fixed into a standard Edison base either by mechanical or epoxy means. The inner sleeve  1806  is inserted into the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve  1806  is held within the outer sleeve  1808  by an optional retaining ring  1810  (not shown), which when inserted, is seated in the retaining ring slot  1904 , located inside the outer sleeve  1808 . The inner and outer sleeve can be positioned as described previously, as an alternative option. 
     The outer sleeve  1808  has a stopping pin  1906  located so that it protrudes inwards to a depth equal to or slightly less than the thickness of the inner sleeve  1806 . The pin is further located so that it only will contact the sides of the stopping cog  1802  (not shown) feature located on the bottom of the inner sleeve  1806 . The inner sleeve  1806  is allowed to rotate freely in one direction until the stopping cog (or stop)  1802  comes in contact with the stopping pin  1906 . Conversely, the inner sleeve  1806  is allowed to fully rotate within the outer sleeve  1808  in the opposite direction, until the point which the stopping cog  1802  contacts with the stopping pin  1906  from the opposite side (direction). The inner sleeve  1806  allows movement of the stopping pin through a slot  1904 , for example. 
     The slotted sleeves can include an outer sleeve with stopping pin, an inner sleeve with a slot for movement of the stopping pin, an optional retaining ring for securing the inner and outer sleeves. When the inner sleeve rotates within the outer sleeve the rotation is stopped when the stopping pin comes in contact with the outer edges of the slot. The stopping pin may also act to interlock the two sleeves. 
     The slotted sleeves can also include an inner sleeve with a flexible locking mechanism, which when inserted into the outer sleeve extends through and past the bottom edge of the outer sleeve, interlocking the two sleeves, but allows them to rotate. The outer sleeve also has extension feature, which stops the rotation of the inner sleeve when the flexible locking mechanism contacts it. 
     The LED PCB panel  1402  is comprised of heat sink (optional)  1404  attached to the LED PCB  1402  on which LEDs  1410  are attached. The PCB heat sink (optional)  1404  is attached to or integrated with a heat sink support post  1814 , which may also act like as an additional heat sink. Heat sink support post  1814  is attached to heat sink base  1404  via a retention screw  1406  and thermally conductive adhesive. The retention screw  1406  is fastened tightly to the heat sink base  1404 , thus fixing the location LED panel  1402  to the heat sink base  1404 . The heat sink base  1404  may contain LED driver circuitry. The heat sink base  1404  is attached to and is supported by the inner sleeve  1806 . 
     Conductor leads  1414  from the LED driver (not shown) to the PCB panel are placed through holes in the heat sink base  1416 . Conducting wires  1414  are long enough to provide full rotation between fully clockwise and counterclockwise rotations of the rotating LED panel  100 . 
     The device is inserted into a standard Edison light socket base and screwed in until good mechanical and electrical contacts are made. At this point, the device may be rotated in the opposite rotation used to insert the bulb, so that the LED panel  100  is aimed in the desired angle for illumination. 
       FIGS. 20A-B  show a common A19 LED replacement LED design where the heat sink LED drivers  1404  is supported by a rotatable Edison Base  1512 . The LED Panel is connected to or integrated with a tilt arm adjustment mechanism  2004 . The tilt arm adjustment mechanism allows the LED panel  1402  directional adjustment in a plane which is perpendicular to that of the rotatable base  2002 . 
     The tilt arm adjustment mechanism  2004 , is fastened to the heat sink base  1404  by fasteners  2312 , through holes in the two fixed arms  2313 . The mechanism  2004  can be optionally integrated with the heat sink base  1404  or adhered to the base. The LED panel  1402  is fastened to or integrated with the tilt arm  214  with fasteners  2311  inserted into tilt arm holes  2315 . Fasteners can optionally be adhesives. 
     The tilt arm  2314  is allowed to rotate (tilt) relative to the heat sink base  1404 . The tilt arm  2314  is held in between the two fixed arms  2313  with a pivot pin  2316 . The holding force of the tilt arm  2314  is such that it will support the LED Panel  1402  in any position. The contact surfaces  2317  may include spring washers (not shown) or matching indexed gears. 
     The methods, systems and devices described herein can optimize solid state lights, e.g., light emitting diodes, which can be used in the standard filament (e.g., Edison) light sockets. To provide a solution for solid state light, e.g., LED, manufacturers to take full advantage of the directional nature of LED&#39;s in the development of bulbs using standard receptacles, e.g., filament light receptacles, Edison screw-in light bulb sockets, blade connections, or the like, while correcting its rotational position that it achieves when fully mounted a socket. 
     The present disclosure allows the rotation of a light bulb to a position where at it is fully screwed into and seated in a standard socket. The ability to rotate the light emitting section of a light bulb, while maintaining the electrical contacts (not unscrewing the socket of the light bulb) will allow solid state light (e.g., LED) manufacturers to design solid state (e.g., LED) bulbs that will maximize solid state (e.g., LED) panel placement to those sides/angles which are usable. In addition, the secondary axis of movement allows for further utilization of a uni-directional LED. For example, the light will be emitted in a desired direction. Accordingly, fewer solid state lights need to be used. Embodiments of the present disclosure may open up new applications which are not yet identified here. 
     Currently, LED manufacturers need to design globe style LED bulbs with LEDs on all sides or completely around the circumference because they cannot control the ending rotational alignment of the bulb when fully seated in the Edison light socket. Examples of the present disclosure, allow re-positioning of solid state lights (e.g., LEDs) currently on the ‘backside’ of a bulb to viewable sides, the manufacturer will be able to increase the light output (lumens) by a significant amount, e.g., over 25%, over 40% and at least 50%, without any increases to power consumption. The increased usable lumen efficiency will not require changes to its current electrical drivers or increase in the number of solid state emitters (e.g., LEDs) used. 
     The presently described examples may be particularly advantageous in ceiling fixtures, wall fixtures, horizontal bathroom fixtures, or any other application where the usable light emitting from the bulb is more usable in one direction but not tin another direction. 
     The present disclosure, in various examples, describes a two part interconnection system used between the standard Edison socket and the electronic drivers/LED panels. The bottom or ‘fixed socket’ is secured inside the Edison base. The LED circuitry/LED panels are secured to the top or ‘rotating insert’, which is then inserted into the fixed socket. 
     Solid-state lighting is a newer technology than incandescent lighting and fluorescent lighting that has the potential to far exceed the energy efficiencies of incandescent and fluorescent lighting. Solid-state lighting uses light-emitting diodes or “LEDs” for illumination. A first commercial use of LEDs was for inexpensive consumer devices that use illuminated letters and numbers on the device, e.g., clock radio, watch or other clocks. Solid-state may refer to the fact that the light in an LED is emitted from a solid object, block of semiconductor, rather than from a vacuum or gas tube, as in the case of incandescent and fluorescent lighting. There are two types of solid-state light emitters: inorganic light-emitting diodes (usually abbreviated LEDs) or organic light-emitting diodes (usually abbreviated OLEDs). 
     A semiconductor is a substance whose electrical conductivity can be altered through variations in temperature, applied fields (electrical or magnetic), concentration of impurities (e.g., doping), etc. The most common semiconductor material is silicon, which is used predominantly for electronic applications (where electrical currents and voltages are the main inputs and outputs). For optoelectronic applications (where light is one of the inputs or outputs), other semiconductor materials must be used, including indium gallium phosphide (InGaP), which emits amber and red light, and indium gallium nitride (InGaN), which emits near-UV, blue and green light. 
     A light emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor diode that emits light of one or more wavelengths. Different wavelengths represent different colors. A diode is a device through which electrical current can pass in only one direction. The electrical current injects positive and negative charge carriers which recombine to create light. The diode is attached to an electrical circuit and encased in a plastic, epoxy, resin or ceramic housing. The housing usually consists of some sort of covering over the device as well as some means of attaching the LED to a source of electrical current. The housing may incorporate one or many LEDs. An LED is typically &lt;1 mm 2  in size, or approximately the size of a grain of sand. However, when encased in the housing, the finished product may be several millimeters or more across. 
     Because the vast majority of LEDs use inorganic semiconductors, the acronym LED normally refers to inorganic-semiconductor-based LEDs. Some LEDs use organic semiconductors (carbon-based small molecules or polymers), and the acronym OLEDs refers to these organic-semiconductor-based LEDs. They are similar to inorganic-semiconductor-based LEDs in that passing an electrical current through an OLED creates an excited state that can then produce light. OLEDs are less expensive than LEDs, in part because they do not need to be crystalline (or “defect free”). Hence, their fabrication processes are more forgiving, and they can even be applied as large-area coatings on curved, flexible surfaces. However, it is likely that OLEDs will be too fragile to sustain high electrical current density, hence their light output per unit area may be limited. For these reasons, OLEDs may target applications compatible with broad-area light sources, while LEDs target applications compatible with small-area (point-like) light sources. 
     Incandescent lamps (conventional light bulbs) create light by heating a thin filament to a very high temperature. Incandescent lamps have low efficiencies because most (over 90%) of the energy is emitted as invisible infrared light (or heat). A fluorescent lamp produces ultraviolet light when electricity is passed through a mercury vapor, causing the phosphor coating inside the fluorescent tube to glow or fluoresce. There are efficiency losses in generating the ultraviolet light, and in converting the ultraviolet light into visible light. Incandescent lamps typically have short lifetimes (around 1,000 hours) due to the high temperatures of the filaments, while fluorescent lamps have moderate lifetimes (around 10,000 hours) that are limited by the electrodes for the discharge. LEDs, on the other hand, use semiconductors that are more efficient, more rugged, more durable, and can be controlled (for example, dimmed) more easily. Small LEDs have lifetimes up to 100,000 hours. 
     Light output is commonly measured in lumens, generally, a convolution of the radiated power and the sensitivity of the human eye. A 60-Watt incandescent bulb produces about 850 lumens. The efficiency of lighting (luminous efficacy) is the light output (lumens) produced per unit of input electrical power (Watts)—or lumens/Watt. An incandescent lamp wastes most of its power as heat, with the result that its luminous efficacy is only around 15 lumens/Watt. A fluorescent lamp is much better at roughly 85 lumens/Watt. These lighting technologies are very mature and their luminous efficacies have not improved much in many years. Today&#39;s white LEDs, at around 30 lumens/Watt, have luminous efficacies that are already better than those of incandescent lamps. Moreover, it is believed possible to increase the luminous efficacies of LEDs to as high as 150-200 lumens/Watt, with further improvements in the underlying materials and device properties and design. The present design may appear to the end user as providing greater efficiency as the emitted light is directed as desired regardless of orientation of the supporting structure, lamp base or can, and the threads of the socket. The light emitters can be oriented in a desired direction, e.g., after the light device is mounted in the base or can. 
     Any of the methods or processes described herein can be stored on a non-transitory machine-readable medium in the form of instructions, which when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform the following operations of the method or process. 
     The methods described herein do not have to be executed in the order described, or in any particular order. Moreover, various activities described with respect to the methods identified herein can be executed in serial or parallel fashion. Although “End” blocks are shown in the flowcharts, the methods may be performed continuously. 
     The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b), requiring an abstract that will allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.