Patent Publication Number: US-2023140847-P1

Title: Strawberry plant named &#39;civh413&#39;

Description:
Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed:  Fragaria  x  ananassa  Duchesne ex Rozier. 
     Variety denomination: ‘CIVH413’. 
     CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority from Community Plant Variety Rights Application No. 2021/2768, filed Nov. 4, 2021. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a new and distinct strawberry variety named ‘CIVH413’. The variety is botanically known as  Fragaria  x  ananassa  Duchesne ex Rozier. 
     The new strawberry ‘CIVH413’ is a product of a planned breeding program conducted by the inventor, Michelangelo Leis in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. The objective of the breeding program is to develop june bearing strawberry variety with high chill requirement, high and constant productivity during all the picking season; fruit with very regular and conical shape, easy to collect, big and constant fruit size, high firmness and very good shelf life. Rustic plant, tolerant to the most common leaf and root diseases. 
     This new strawberry ‘CIVH413’ is a result of a controlled cross made by the inventors in 2011, in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. The male or pollen parent is strawberry selection designated 6C9C-007 (unpatented CIV&#39;s selection). The female or seed parent is strawberry selection designated L7H3-017 (unpatented CIV&#39;s selection). 
     The new strawberry ‘CIVH413’ was discovered and selected by the inventor as a single flowering plant within the progeny of the stated cross in May 2013 in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy (44°45′ North and 12°11′ East). After its selection, the new variety was asexually propagated by stolons in a nursery located in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. The new variety was extensively tested over the next several years in different European area with high chill condition. This propagation has demonstrated that the combination of characteristics as herein disclosed for the new cultivar are firmly fixed and retained through successive generations of asexual reproduction. The new cultivar reproduces true to type. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     ‘CIVH413’ is primarily adapted to the climate and growing with high chill condition. This area provides the needed and correct temperatures for flower induction, and to produce a strong and vigorous plant, and to maintain fruit quality during full production. 
     The following traits have been repeatedly observed and are determined to be unique characteristics of ‘CIVH413’, which in combination distinguish this strawberry plant as a new and distinct variety:
         1. Plants with upright habit, with cleary visible fruit.   2. Fruits easy to collect.   3. Fruit with conical, attractive and very regular shape.   4. High firmness and very good shelf life.   5. High productivity, consistent during all the picking season.   6. Tolerant to most common leaf and root diseases.       

     Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’ differ from plants of the parents, 6C9C-007 and L7H3-017 in the characteristics described in Table 1. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
                 6C9C-007 
                 L7H3-017 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Time of ripening 
                 Early 
                 Medium 
                 Early 
               
               
                   
                 Growth habit 
                 Upright 
                 Upright 
                 Semi-upright 
               
               
                   
                 Plant vigour 
                 Medium 
                 Medium to  
                 Strong 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 strong 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Fruit size 
                 Large 
                 Medium 
                 Large to very  
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 large 
               
               
                   
                 Firmness 
                 High 
                 Medium to  
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 high 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Of the many commercial cultivars known to the present inventor, the most similar in comparison to the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’ is the strawberry variety CLERY. Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’ differ from plants of strawberry variety CLERY in the characteristics described in Table 2: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
                 CLERY 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Fruit: time of beginning ripening 
                 Early 
                 Very early 
               
               
                   
                 Fruit: colour 
                 Orange red 
                 Medium red 
               
               
                   
                 Plant: growth habit 
                 Upright 
                 Semi-upright 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS 
       The accompanying color photographs illustrate the overall appearance of typical specimens of the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’, at various stages of development as true as it is reasonably possible with color reproductions of this type. Color in the photographs may differ slightly from the color value cited in the botanical description which accurately describe the color of ‘CIVH413’. The depicted plant and plant parts of the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’ were taken in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy, and are approximately 6 to 9 months old. 
         FIG.  1    shows plant of ‘CIVH413’; 
         FIG.  2    shows the leaves of ‘CIVH413’; 
         FIG.  3    shows typical flowers of ‘CIVH413’; and 
         FIG.  4    shows typical fruits of ‘CIVH413’. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION 
     ‘CIVH413’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The characteristics of the new variety may vary in detail, depending upon variations in environmental factors, including weather (temperature, humidity and light intensity), day length, soil type and location. 
     The aforementioned photographs, together with the following observations, measurements and values describe the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’, unless otherwise noted, taken during 2022 growing season in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. The observations, measurements and values were taken from plants of ‘CIVH413’ dug in December 2020 from CIV&#39; nursery located in 44021 Codigoro, Ferrara, (locality Pomposa), Italy, and planted in July 2021 in CIV&#39; test field in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. 
     From December 2020 to July 2021, the plants were stored in cold room, in order to undergo the hours of cold necessary for the correct development of the plants. Plants of the new strawberry variety ‘CIVH413’ were grown under conditions which closely approximate those generally used in commercial practice. 
     The observed plants were one year old plants. The plants used in the production field are produced in a nursery in CIV&#39; nursery located in 44021 Codigoro, Ferrara, (locality Pomposa), Ferrara, Italy. 
     Yield observations and fruit quality characteristics are averaged from 3 year of data collected from the 2020 through 2022 growing seasons. Flower measurements and characteristics are from secondary flowers unless otherwise noted. Fruit characteristics and measurements are from secondary fruit unless otherwise noted. 
     Color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (R.H.S.), except where general colors of ordinary significance are used. Color values were taken under daylight conditions approximately in the afternoon in San Giuseppe di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy. The approximate age of the observed plants is about 12 months. 
     The following tables 3-9 describe fruit, plant, stolon, foliage, fruiting truss, flower and pest/disease characteristics of the new strawberry ‘CIVH413’. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Color of mature fruit 
                 Red group—RHS 44B 
               
               
                 Color of internal flesh 
                 Red group—RHS 4IB 
               
               
                 Color of internal core 
                 Red group—RHS 4IB 
               
               
                 Length (cm) 
                 About 5.0 cm 
               
               
                 Width (cm) 
                 About 3.5 cm 
               
               
                 Ratio length/width 
                 Moderately longer 
               
               
                 Calyx diameter (cm) 
                 About 3.4 cm 
               
               
                 Average weight (gm) 
                 About 26.10 g 
               
               
                 Achene color 
                 Yellow-green group 150C 
               
               
                 Number of achenes per cm 2   
                 About 7 
               
               
                 measured at the center of berry 
                   
               
               
                 Average weight of 
                 About 0.80 g 
               
               
                 1000 achenes (g) 
                   
               
               
                 Marketable yield (gm/plt) 
                 Average 1.050 gm/plt 
               
               
                 Size 
                 Large 
               
               
                 Predominant shape 
                 Conical 
               
               
                 Difference in shapes 
                 Slight 
               
               
                 between primary and 
                   
               
               
                 secondary fruit 
                   
               
               
                 Band without achenes 
                 Narrow 
               
               
                 Unevenness of surface 
                 Even or slightly uneven 
               
               
                 Evenness of color 
                 Strong 
               
               
                 Glossiness 
                 Strong 
               
               
                 Insertion of achenes 
                 Level with surface 
               
               
                 Insertion of calyx 
                 Level with fruit 
               
               
                 Attitude of the calyx 
                 Outward 
               
               
                 Size of calyx in relation to 
                 Smaller 
               
               
                 fruit diameter 
                   
               
               
                 Adherence of calyx 
                 Strong 
               
               
                 Firmness of skin 
                 Very firm 
               
               
                 Firmness of flesh 
                 Very firm 
               
               
                 Distribution of red color 
                 Uniform 
               
               
                 of the flesh 
                   
               
               
                 Hollow center expression 
                 Absent or small 
               
               
                 Flavor 
                 Very good flavour, balanced and  
               
               
                   
                 aromatic 
               
               
                 Soluble solids (% brix) 
                 About 7.4 % 
               
               
                 Time of first flowering 
                 Early 
               
               
                 Time of first harvesting 
                 Early 
               
               
                 Harvest period 
                 From the middle of May to the  
               
               
                   
                 beginning of June in San Giuseppe  
               
               
                   
                 di Comacchio, Ferrara, Italy 
               
               
                 Type of bearing 
                 Not remontant 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 PLANT CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Height (cm) 
                 About 20 to 25 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Spread (cm) 
                 About 30 to 40 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Size 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Habit 
                 Upright 
               
               
                   
                 Density 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Vigor 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 STOLON CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Average number per plant 
                 About 10-15 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin coloration 
                 Red group—53B 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin intensity 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter at bract (mm) 
                 About 3 mm 
               
               
                   
                 Pubescence 
                 Sparse to medium 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 FOLIAGE CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Foliage: 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Color of upper surface 
                 Green group—137A 
               
               
                   
                 Color of underside 
                 Green group—138B 
               
               
                   
                 Shape in cross section 
                 Concave 
               
               
                   
                 Interveinal blistering 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Glossiness 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Number of leaflets 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 Terminal Leaflet: 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length (cm) 
                 About 9.0 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Width (cm) 
                 About 8.1 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Length/width ratio 
                 Equal 
               
               
                   
                 Serrations/leaf 
                 Overlapping 
               
               
                   
                 Size 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Shape of base 
                 Obtuse 
               
               
                   
                 Shape of teeth 
                 Serrate to crenate 
               
               
                   
                 Petiole: 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length (cm) 
                 About 24.5 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter (mm) 
                 About 0.4 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Pubescence 
                 Medium 
               
               
                   
                 Attitude of hairs 
                 Slightly outwards 
               
               
                   
                 Stipule: 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length (mm) 
                 About 2.85 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Width (mm) 
                 About 9 mm 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin coloration 
                 Absent or very weak 
               
               
                   
                 Color 
                 Yellow-green group 145C 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 FRUITING TRUSS CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length (cm) 
                 About 20-25cm 
               
               
                   
                 Attitude 
                 Erect 
               
               
                   
                 Position relative to foliage 
                 Same level 
               
               
                   
                 Pubescence 
                 Strong 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin intensity 
                 Absent or very weak 
               
               
                   
                 Attitude at first pick 
                 Horizontal 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Petal color 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Mature (upper) 
                 White group—155D 
               
               
                   
                 Mature (lower) 
                 White group—155D 
               
               
                   
                 Petal shape 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Overall 
                 Circular 
               
               
                   
                 Apex 
                 Rounded 
               
               
                   
                 Base 
                 Rounded 
               
               
                   
                 Petal length (mm) 
                 About 1 to 1.2 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Petal width (mm) 
                 About 1 to 1.2 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Petal length/width ratio 
                 Equal 
               
               
                   
                 Number of petals/flower 
                 About 5 to 6 
               
               
                   
                 Sepals color 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Mature (upper) 
                 Green group—137A 
               
               
                   
                 Mature (lower) 
                 Green group—138A 
               
               
                   
                 Sepal shape 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Overall 
                 Elliptic 
               
               
                   
                 Apex 
                 Pointed 
               
               
                   
                 Base 
                 Flat 
               
               
                   
                 Sepal length (mm) 
                 About 0.7 to 1.2 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Sepal width (mm) 
                 About 0.3 to 0.5 cm 
               
               
                   
                 Sepal length/width ratio 
                 Longer 
               
               
                   
                 Number of sepals/flower 
                 About 9 to 13 
               
               
                   
                 Corolla diameter (mm) 
                 About 21 mm 
               
               
                   
                 Calyx diameter (mm) 
                 About 28 mm 
               
               
                   
                 Size of calyx relative to 
                 Smaller 
               
               
                   
                 corolla 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Size of inner calyx 
                 Smaller 
               
               
                   
                 relative to outer calyx 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Relative position of petals 
                 Touching 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Receptacle color 
                 Yellow green group—154B 
               
               
                   
                 Pollen color 
                 Yellow orange group—14A 
               
               
                   
                 Stamen 
                 Present 
               
               
                   
                 Pollen amount 
                 Much 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 PEST AND DISEASE REACTIONS 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic  
                 ‘CIVH413’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Powdery mildew  
                 Moderately tollerant 
               
               
                   
                 ( Sphaerotheca   macularis ) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Angular leaf spot  
                 Moderately susceptible 
               
               
                   
                 ( Xanthomonas   fragariae ) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Botrytis fruit rot  
                 Very low sensibility 
               
               
                   
                 ( Botrytis   cinerea ) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Fusarium wilt  
                 Moderately susceptible 
               
               
                   
                 ( Fusarium   oxysporum ) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Anthracnose crown rot  
                 Moderately susceptible 
               
               
                   
                 ( Colletotrichum   fragariae ) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Two-spotted spider mite  
                 Susceptible 
               
               
                   
                 ( Tetranychus   urticae )