Patent Publication Number: US-2019183695-A1

Title: Surgical bandage with stabilizing elements

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION 
     The present invention pertains to a bandage for improved monitoring, healing and pain-reduction of a wound. The bandage also increases compliance for patients and for caring personal. The bandage is useful with most any wound being exposed to pressure, trauma and/or irritation. The bandage is especially useful with surgical incisions, preferably incisions upon abdominal and hip surgery as well as incisions upon dorsal surgery. 
     The above features are accomplished mainly by the wound being visible through the bandage, external pressure on the wound being redirected to areas around the wound not being compromised by surgery and possible exudate from the wound being absorbed within the bandage, as well as pressure from the bandage being exerted inwards against the wound edges thereby improving the cosmetic result. 
     BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION 
     The multifaceted problem of facilitating monitoring and healing wounds and pain reduction for a subject, while at the same time providing increased compliance for the subject and the caring personal is to date not satisfactorily solved. 
     The attempts that have been made to solve said problem have at most resulted in partial solutions. Examples of such unsatisfactory means are provided here below. 
     US 2207191754 (ONEX CORP) discloses a wound protecting and healing shield for a patient, having adhesive layer to secure conformable frame around wound, and access ports through the frame for insertion and removal of material from the enclosed space. This is in contrast to the present invention where access ports of the types of &#39;754 are not provided. 
     US2010280428 (WIDGEROW A D) discloses a wound closure device, for shrinking and approximating opening a wound in multiple dimensions, having expandable dressing arranged such that absorption of wound exudate causes expansion of dressing. This is in contrast to the present invention where expansion of the dressing is not required. 
     DE3306383 (SCHELOWSKY M) discloses a cavity-forming dressing for treatment of wounds comprising circular pad, protective environmental mesh active substance cover and bandage strip. This is in contrast to the present invention where the dressing is not cavity forming and need not be circular. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,462,519 (CARVER J) discloses means for protecting bed sores on a person&#39;s body—using closed cell air bubble film with interior aperture registered with sore and opposed surfaces of film adhered respectively to person and bed. This is in contrast to the present invention where no part of the dressing is attached to a bed. 
     US2009088707 (MICHAEL A G) discloses device for promoting healing of skin cracks, has doughnut shaped foam pad, adhesive strip for forming reservoir in foam pad, and pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on other side of foam pad. This is in contrast to the present invention which is not for use with skin cracks. 
     GB225528 (TOKYO EIZAI LAB) discloses dressing comprising flexible plastics film and embossed non-woven fabric allowing application surface to be viewed through dressing. In contrast to the present invention the &#39;528 dressing does not provide any dual function of reducing pain besides providing easy monitoring of the wound. 
     US201303030343 (ANTALEK M D) discloses a wound barrier pad to reduce pressure ulcers and bedsores in patient comprising housing having walls; surrounding internal wall with openings; and base plate with padding disposed in housing interior. In contrast to the present invention the &#39;343 device lacks absorbing elements. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,170,781 (LOOMIS D L) discloses a bandage that protects a body area against impacts using fluid-filled bubble means being positioned centrally on the bandage and adapted to overlie the sensitive body area to protect it against impacts, to reduce the pain of impacts, and to promote healing. This is in contrast to the present invention where impact-reducing means are placed outside the body area to be protected. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 2,280,506 (BETTS R T) discloses “a surgical dressing adapted to relieve pressure against sensitive or diseased parts of the body, such as corns, bunions or the like”, see col.1, lines 2-5. This dressing comprises a cushioning element 12 confined within a recess 11, which prevents said cushioning element 12 from changing its shape. When the surgical dressing is applied on the patient said cushioning element 12 is placed on said sensitive or diseased parts of the body. 
     The correspondence in our invention to cushioning element  12  of &#39;506 is stabilizing element/s  6 , which is/are to be placed on “tissue not being compromised by surgery”, see below. 
     US20030139697 (GILLMAN) discloses a wound closure dressing with controlled stretchability. The dressing comprises reinforcing members  12 , which are the closest correspondence to our stabilizing element/s  6 , which is/are to be placed on “tissue not being compromised by surgery”, see below. In contrast thereto the reinforcing members  12  of &#39;697 are to be placed on the wound. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 8,233,313 (BELSON) discloses a surgical incision and closure apparatus with integrated force distribution. Our invention inter alia pertains to the closing of an incision, but not to the making of an incision. 
     US20100228287 (JEEKEL) relates to a device for adhering to the skin of a patient, suitable to make a skin incision there through, as well as to the use of such a device for allowing an incision or excision wound to be made through the said device, and for subsequent closing the wound. Our invention inter alia pertains to the closing of an incision, but not to the making of an incision. It is not possible to make any incision or excision wound through our claimed bandage. 
     No prior art document discloses a skin-contacting layer to be applied on the wound, which at the same time protects the same and stabilizes adjacent tissue not compromised by surgery. 
     Design features and modes of operation of the claimed invention are provided in the below illustrative and non-limiting description and the accompanying figures. 
    
    
     
       LEGEND OF FIGURES 
       The present figures are illustrative and non-limiting. White arrows denote compression. Black arrows denote expansion. 
         FIG. 1  schematically shows in cross-section one embodiment of the inventive bandage as applied on the skin  1  of a human being or of an animal. 
       On the skin  1  is a wound  2  with wound edges  3  being held together with holding means  4 , such as sutures, staples or tape. The wound may e g be a surgical incision. The bandage comprises an optional skin-contacting layer  5 , being at least partly perforated, e g with small openings, or provided with a network, intended for being placed on the wound  2 . The bandage further comprises one or more stabilizing elements  6 , which may be of varying form and cross section, a covering film  7 , optional guiding means  8  on the optional skin-contacting layer  5  and/or in certain embodiments on the covering film  7  for facilitating orienting the bandage correctly on the wound  2 . A release liner  9 , not visible on the figures, may be placed on the optional skin-contacting layer  5  and/or the covering film  7  as a protection to be removed before the bandage being applied on the skin  1 . 
         FIG. 2  schematically shows from above an alternative embodiment of the present invention. Here  5 A denotes a transparent, but not necessarily stretchable, part of the skin-contacting layer  5 , while  5 B denotes a stretchable, but not necessarily transparent, part of the skin-contacting layer  5 . 
         FIG. 3  schematically shows from above a further alternative embodiment of the present invention. Here the wound  2 , the skin-contacting layer  5  and the stabilizing element  6  are shown at different stages A, B and C. If needed the covering film  7 , the optional guiding means  8  and the optional release liner  9  are adopted to suit this embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  schematically shows from above and in cross-section a very simple embodiment essentially composed of one or more stabilizing elements  6 , here also being pressure-absorbing-and-pressure-distributing, having one side for being attached on the skin  1  close to the wound  2 , by way of fastening means  12 , e g adhesive, micro-hooks and/or vacuum. An external pressure exercised on a dorsal surgical wound  2 , e g the weight of a subject lying on his back, is redistributed from the wound  2  to an area outside the wound  2 , said area not being compromised by surgery. This embodiment is useful mainly when there is no risk for exudate from the wound  2 . The element/s  6  may have an open configuration, e g a horse-shoe form, or a closed configuration, e g a torus form. In this figure element  6  has a horse-shoe form. 
         FIG. 5  schematically shows from above a simple embodiment essentially being like the embodiment of  FIG. 4  with the addition of a skin-contacting layer  5  and a covering film  7 . This embodiment is useful when there is risk for exudate from the wound  2 . Element/s  6  need be a closed configuration, e g a torus or an elongated torus, in order to keep exudate within element/s  6 . 
         FIGS. 6A-6C  schematically show from above a still further alternative embodiment of the present invention. What is here below said about element  6  is applicable mutatis mutandis on the claimed bandage as a whole.  FIG. 6A  shows element  6  in a compressed state A before use. Element  6  is held in compressed state A by means of a holding device  10 , e g an adhesive tape, a string or a clamp, here by way of example an adhesive tape.  FIG. 6B  shows the bandage applied on the wound  2 . Once the bandage is applied on the wound  2  the holding device  10  is removed. 
       As is shown in  FIG. 6C  element/s  6  thereby strive/s to retake its/their non-compressed form. The actual physical change in element  6 C might be very small. This is though not of great importance. Important is that the force exerted upon release of the holding device  10  is sufficient to keep the wound edges  3  firmly together. 
       It is though important that said force to keep the wound edges  3  firmly together is not so strong that possible exudate is stopped from exciting from the wound  2 . 
         FIG. 7  schematically shows from above and in cross-section a still further alternative embodiment of the present invention. Here the absorption area of the stabilizing element  6  is increased. By way of example the increase in absorption area is in this figure achieved by holes and by corrugation. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is described by the below illustrative and non-limiting examples. 
     The present bandage solves the multifaceted problem of facilitating monitoring, treating, healing and pain-reducing wounds, which at least partly penetrates the skin of an animal or a human being, especially surgical incisions, preferably incisions upon abdominal, hip and dorsal surgery. The problem is solved by the present bandage, which also provides increased compliance for patients as well as for caring personal. 
     The present bandage e g provides the below effects and benefits
         provision of easy monitoring of the state of the wound, e g possible blood leakage,   absorption within the bandage of possible exudate from the wound,   enhanced healing of the wound due to the wound edges being pressed and adapted against one another by the bandage,   increased cosmetic result due to the wound edges being pressed and adapted against one another by the bandage,   reduced pain, e g when a patient with a surgical dorsal wound is lying down on his back the pressure is absorbed and redistributed by stabilizing elements that are placed at some distance from the wound on tissue not compromised by surgery,   creation of a sterile chamber above the wound, reducing the risk of the wound becoming infected.   facilitated mounting of the bandage on a patient,   facilitated mounting of an exchange bandage when needed.       

     EXAMPLE 1 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  the optional skin-contacting layer  5  is transparent, adhesive and permeable for liquids at least on an area covering the wound  2 . The wound may e g be a surgical incision. Permeability may be achieved by mechanical means, such as small holes, a network or by the material of the skin-contacting layer  5  being permeable as such. The bandage comprises an optional skin-contacting layer  5 , being at least partly perforated, e g with small openings, or provided with a network. Other configurations and combinations thereof are also possible. Any suitable material in the art may be used, e g polymeric material. Adhesion of the skin-contacting layer  5  to the skin  1  may be achieved by chemical means, e g adhesives, and/or by mechanical means, e g a high-friction surface and micro-hooks. 
     In order to keep the wound edges  3  well together the skin-contacting layer  5  is preferably elastic and stretchable. The skin-contacting layer  5  should preferably be stretched when the bandage is applied on the skin  1 . 
     In case there is no need to exert any pressure to keep the wound edges  3  well together a simpler embodiment without any skin-contacting layer  5  or with a skin-contacting layer  5  formed like a frame around the wound  2  may be used. In other words in this embodiment the optional skin-contacting layer  5  has a void central part, which at least covers the wound  2 . Here the one or more stabilizing elements  6  may be attached to the covering film  7 . 
     The skilled person may determine suitable width and breadth of the bandage. The skilled person may further see to it that also other parameters, e g compressibility and diameter of the element/s  6  and thickness of the covering film  7 , be chosen so that the force applied on the bandage from e g the weight of a patient, will not cause the covering film  7  to stretch so much that it will touch the wound  2 . Should that happen the intended protecting of the wound  2  from weight is not accomplished. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Elasticity of the skin-contacting layer  5  may be achieved by the material of the layer being elastic or stretchable as such. Referring to  FIG. 2  the skin-contacting layer  5  may alternatively be transparent and permeable only on the part covering the wound  2  and optionally a little more. The remaining part of the skin-contacting layer  5  is elastic or stretchable, but need be neither transparent nor permeable. One advantage in using two, or possibly more, materials is that you get a wider choice of stretchable materials. The stabilizing element/s  6  may preferably absorb liquid, such as water, blood and blood components. The stabilizing element/s  6  serve/s a dual function. They may absorb liquid leaking from the wound  2 . They may also transfer the pressure exercised on the wound  2 , e g when a person with a dorsal wound is lying on his back, to an area of the skin  1  being outside the wound  2 . This transfer of pressure increases perceived compliance and reduces recovery time. 
     Once the skin-contacting layer  5  is applied on the wound  2  the covering film  7  is stretched and fastened on the skin  1 . Thereby the stabilizing element/s  6  is/are pressed downwardly-inwardly so that the wound edges  3  are pressed against one another. 
     The covering film  7  is non-permeable for water, blood products and toxic elements. It preferably has a low friction coefficient on its non-skin-facing side to facilitate the patient&#39;s moving or sliding on the blanket in a bed. 
     The skin-contacting layer  5  and/or the covering film  7  may be provided with guiding means  8  for assisting in placing the bandage correctly on the wound  2 . Said guiding means  8  may e g be dotted lines on the skin-contacting layer  5  and/or on the covering film  7 . 
     If the adherence between the skin-contacting layer  5  and the skin  1  is satisfactory the skin-contacting layer  5  and/or the covering film  7  may not need extend outwardly beyond element  6 . In many cases and as a precaution a stronger adherence between the skin-contacting layer  5  and the skin  1  is desired than what is thereby achievable. In such cases the skin-contacting layer  5  and/or the covering film  7  extend outwardly beyond element  6  in order to obtain a firmer grip of the bandage on the skin  1 . 
     The bandage should preferably be kept in a sterile package until use. When applied on the wound  2  the bandage may keep a sterile compartment, namely the chamber  13  formed within the skin-contacting layer  5 , the element/s  6  and the covering film  7 . Having the wound  2  in direct contact with sterile chamber  13  facilitates and speeds up the healing of wound  2 . Thereto also contributes that there is no pressure on the wound  2 . 
     EXAMPLE 3 
       FIG. 3  shows a useful embodiment for keeping the wound edges  3  together. The stabilizing element/s  6  is/are an elastic and closed circular loop. Other forms of the stabilizing element/s  6  are envisageable, such as oval, rectangular, hexagonal or octagonal. The stabilizing element/s  6  is elastic in itself or is rendered elastic by other means, e g by being placed within an elastic plastic ring. The stabilizing element/s  6  can have different, but preferably symmetrical, cross sections, such as square, hexagonal, octagonal, circular, and oval or combinations thereof. 
     The present embodiment is to be used mainly according to stages A, B and C of  FIG. 3 . White arrows denote compression. Black arrows denote expansion. 
     Stage A: The stabilizing element/s  6  may e g form a circle when not being exercised. This stage A is the stage when the bandage is still in its package or simply prior to use. 
     Stage B: An optional release liner  9  is removed. The bandage is oriented over the wound  2  whereupon a pressure by hand or by using a tool, e g a pair of suitable tongs, is exerted on element/s  6  as shown with white arrows in  FIG. 3B . 
     Stage C: Once the bandage is stuck to the skin the slight pressure by hand or tool is released. Thereupon the elastic element/s  6  strive/s to get back to its/their circular form as shown with black arrows. Hereby the elastic skin-contacting layer  5  and the element/s  6  exert a pressure on the wound  2  pressing the wound edges  3  together. The actual change of the form of the elastic element/s  6  may be very small, while the exerted pressure on the wound  2  may still be substantial. The form of the cross section of element/s  6  may have an influence on how said pressure will exert. Element(s)  6  preferably form/s a closed figure being symmetrical along the wound  2 . 
     The distance from the one or more elements  6  to the wound  2  may preferably be from about 0.5 cm to about 4 cm, more preferably about 1.5 cm. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
       FIG. 4  schematically shows from above a very simple embodiment essentially composed of one or more stabilizing elements  6 , here also being pressure-absorbing-and-pressure-distributing, having one side for being attached on the skin  1  at some distance from the wound  2 , by way of e g an adhesive, micro-hooks or vacuum. An external pressure exercised on a dorsal surgical wound  2 , e g the weight of a subject lying on his back, is redistributed from the wound  2  to an area around the wound  2  not being compromised by surgery. This embodiment is useful mainly when there is no risk for exudate from the wound  2 . The element  6  may be an open configuration, e g a horse-shoe form, or a closed configuration, e g a torus. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
       FIG. 5  schematically shows from above a simple embodiment essentially being like the embodiment of  FIG. 4  with the addition of a skin-contacting layer  5  and a covering film  7 , This embodiment is useful when there is risk for exudate from the wound  2 . Element  6  need be a closed configuration, e g a torus or an elongated torus. 
     EXAMPLE 6 
       FIGS. 6A-6C  schematically show from above a still further alternative embodiment of the present invention. 
     The present embodiment is to be used mainly according to stages A, B and C of  FIG. 6 . White arrows denote compression. Black arrows denote expansion. 
     What is here below said about element  6  is applicable mutatis mutandis on the whole claimed bandage as such.  FIG. 6A  shows element  6  in a compressed state A before use. Element  6  is held in compressed state A by means of a holding device  10 , e g an adhesive tape, a string or a clamp, here by way of example an adhesive tape.  FIG. 6B  shows the bandage applied on the wound  2 . Once the bandage is applied on the wound  2  the holding device  10  is removed. As is shown in  FIG. 6C  element/s  6  thereby strive/s to retake its/their non-compressed form. The actual observable change between  FIG. 6B  and  FIG. 6C  might be very small. But, this is not important. The important issue is that the force exerted upon release of the holding device  10  is big enough to satisfactorily press the wound edges  3  against one another. 
     EXAMPLE 7 
       FIG. 7  schematically shows still another useful alternative embodiment of the present invention. Here the absorption area of the stabilizing element/ 6  is/are increased by means of e g corrugation, folding, wrinkling, plying, flossing and/or provision of cavities. In  FIG. 7  the increase in absorption area is illustrated by holes and by corrugation. 
     In case the person wearing the bandage does not want the wound  2  to be permanently visible through the transparent part of the bandage said transparent part may be covered with a replaceable non-transparent cover  11 , which may be removed when the wound  2  is inspected and replaced after such inspection. The replaceable non-transparent cover  11  may e g be a non-transparent adhesive tape. If a holding device  10  is used it may simultaneously serve the function of a replaceable non-transparent cover  11 , e g by being a replaceable non-transparent adhesive tape, which may be a separate item or an integral part of the bandage. 
     In case there is no holding device  10  a replaceable and non-transparent cover  11  may be attached directly on the covering film  7 . The holding device  10  and the replaceable non-transparent cover  11  may form one unitary item. 
     Material useful in the present invention, e g laminates, films, tapes, absorbents, pressure-distributing material and adhesives, should preferably be of pharmaceutically acceptable grade. There is an abundance of handbooks in this field being known by a person skilled in the art. 
     The present invention should preferably fulfill the requirements of wound care guidelines to support the prevention and treatment of surgical site infections (SSI) according to NICE (National Institute for Health &amp; Clinical Excellence) in the UK, or corresponding guidelines, in order to minimize the risk for HCAI (healthcare-associated infection).