Patent Publication Number: US-2023159287-A1

Title: Baggage and parcel handling system and method

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. Application No. 17/200,577, filed on Mar. 12, 2021, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/988,574, filed on Mar. 12, 2020, the entire contents of both applications is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     In today’s global and fast-moving economies the handling of parcels and baggage associated with passenger mass transit, and in particular air travel, continues to rely in large part on a person to sort, stack, load and unload parcels and baggage. 
     Passenger checked bags returning to and re-entering an airport terminal are often housed in containers, commonly called unit load devices (ULDs) which, depending on the size of the airplane, may travel with the plane and be unloaded as a single unit. In smaller airplanes, the bags may enter the plane individually with the assistance of a ground level, mobile belt conveyor. In these instances, the bags are often removed from the plane through a similar mobile, belt conveyor into ULDs or other containers for travel into the airport terminal. 
     Conventional luggage arrival systems include manually intensive operations where human operators must remove each bag from the container and place the bag on a conveyor, or multiple conveyors, which is physically demanding and time consuming. Automating these bag unloading operations has proven difficult. This is due to many reasons, including the almost unlimited differences in the sizes, shapes, rigidity, volumes, and weights of passenger bags. For example, the high variation in the physical characteristics of passenger bags has made it very difficult to automate, for example using programmable robots, the physical loading and unloading of all bags into the baggage containers or delivery carts for transport from the airplane gate and inside the airport terminal for processing and delivery to passengers. 
     There is a need for devices and methods that would solve or improve on these difficulties and disadvantages in unloading and handling passenger checked bags on arrival into an airport, or other facility, for processing and delivery to passengers. These improvements are also applicable in other applications, for example airport baggage sortation systems used for connecting flights. 
     SUMMARY 
     Disclosed herein is a baggage or parcel handling system having particular usefulness and efficiency at airports where thousands of passengers and checked bags an hour are processed. It is understood that what is taught herein is useful in other applications, for example, airport baggage transfer areas, passenger rail or cruise arrival centers, as well as packages and cargo shipping and distribution facilities. 
     In one exemplary embodiment, a handling system and method of operation includes an airport terminal bag arrival area which includes bag arrival and transfer areas. In one example of use in a terminal bag arrival area, the terminal bag arrival area includes at least one automated bag unloading cell and a manual or semi-automated unloading cell in communication with the automated unloading cell. 
     In some embodiments of an automated unloading cell, baggage delivery carts are connected together to form “trains” of single-file delivery carts pulled by transfer vehicles, commonly called tuggers. The delivery carts each carry one or more onboard containers, for example unit load devices (ULDs) or other baggage containers, filled with checked passenger bags recently unloaded from an arriving airplane. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, each delivery cart is sequentially aligned with a container roller deck positioned in the automated unloading station. On verification of proper alignment between the delivery cart and the container roller deck, the filled container is automatically transferred from the delivery cart to a deck frame. In one embodiment, a powered roller platform is used to engage the container and transfer it to the deck frame without human intervention (no physical lifting and transferring of bags in the automated unloading station). 
     In some exemplary embodiments, the container roller deck rotates the deck frame from a first position to a second position, approximately 65-70 degrees, thereby urging the bags by gravitational force from the container toward, and partially onto, an index table connected to the deck frame. The index table is then rotated down relative to the deck frame until the index table is approximately horizontal. In some exemplary embodiments, at least a number of the bags positioned on the index table are transferred from the container toward a first transfer device conveyor in a manner described below. 
     In response to an event or time, the deck frame is then rotated from the first position by approximately 20-30 degrees toward the second position, to further urge the remaining bags onto the index table. Thereafter, the deck frame can be rotated back to its original or first position where the empty container can be transferred to a delivery cart and a new container filled with bags can be loaded into the deck frame for unloading. In some exemplary embodiments, the index table includes a plurality of, individually advanceable lateral belt conveyors to selectively move the supported bags toward and onto a first delivery transfer device, for example a first transfer belt conveyor in direct communication with bag carousels where passengers reacquire their bags. 
     In some exemplary embodiments of the index table, at least two belt conveyors are activated to advance each bag supported by that particular belt conveyor onto the transfer belt conveyor. This advantageously, at least in part, serves to sequence, each bag at a desired distance from one another on the transfer conveyor belt to aid further processing, for example bag security or re-entry screening. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, one or more singulation conveyor belts are positioned along the first transfer belt conveyor so as to further assist in sequencing and positioning the bags to a desired distance from one another as described above. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, a manual or semi-automated unloading cell is used in communication with the automated unloading cell described above. In the example manual unloading cell, human operators are used to manually unload the containers which contain, for example, bags or cargo that are not suitable for automated unloading in the automated unloading station. The manual unloading cell further serves as a back-up in the event a malfunction, maintenance or other condition prevents use of the automated unloading station. Bags processed through the manual unloading station are placed on a second transfer device, for example, a second transfer belt conveyor that is in communication with the first transfer device described above. The manual unloading cell may also include one or more forms of automation, for example robotic or other programmable devices to provide semi-automated operations. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, a screening device is positioned in communication with the first and second transfer devices to selectively provide the necessary security, or customs screening or both, of the bags depending on one or more factors, for example if the bags arrived from an international flight or other point of origin of interest or elevated risk. 
     In some exemplary embodiments, a carousel diverter device is used to automatically divert or route selected bags toward a selected carousel feeder conveyor. Each feeder conveyor is in communication with a single baggage carousel for transport of the selectively diverted bags to their final destination at a desired bag carousel, for example designated for a particular arriving flight. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The skilled artisan will understand that the drawings are primarily for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the subject matter described herein. The drawings are not necessarily to scale; in some instances, various aspects of the subject matter disclosed herein may be shown exaggerated or enlarged in the drawings to facilitate an understanding of different features. In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to like features (e.g., functionally similar or structurally similar elements). 
       The foregoing and other features and advantages provided by the present disclosure will be more fully understood from the following description of exemplary embodiments when read together with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of an exemplary baggage arrival handling system in an exemplary airport; 
         FIG.  2    is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  3    is a perspective view of an exemplary automated unloading cell including an exemplary container roller deck and exemplary index table in a second position and without a roller platform; 
         FIG.  3 A  is another perspective view of exemplary automated unloading cell with an exemplary roller platform; 
         FIG.  4    is an exemplary exploded perspective view of a container roller deck as taught herein; 
         FIG.  5    is a perspective view of an exemplary container roller deck illustrating a roller deck frame in a first position supporting two containers and an index table in a first position; 
         FIG.  6 A  is a side view of an exemplary container roller deck illustrating a roller deck frame in a second position and an index table in a first position; 
         FIG.  6 B  is another side view of an exemplary container roller deck illustrating a deck frame in a second position and an index table in a second position; 
         FIG.  6 C  is an another side view of an exemplary container roller illustrating a deck frame in a first position and an index table rotating back to the first position; 
         FIG.  7    is a block diagram of an exemplary control system for an exemplary baggage and parcel handling system and method of operation as taught herein; and 
         FIG.  8    is an exemplary flow chart illustrating steps for an exemplary method for unloading bags as taught herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 - 8    examples of a baggage and parcel handling system and methods are described. In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous in a high-volume quantity, mass transit passenger airport baggage arrival area where passenger checked bags are unloaded from airplanes and routed to passenger carousels for pick-up. In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous in a high-volume quantity parcel and package environment. In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous in outbound baggage sortation systems for handling passenger bags for connecting flights. In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous in mass transit or large municipal trains, busses, and sea travel facilities. In some embodiments, the system and methods taught herein are advantageous in container or other cargo receipt, handling and/or distribution centers. 
     As used herein, the terms bag, bags, baggage or luggage refer to received passenger bags or luggage, as well to other parcels, packages, containers, boxes, and other structures which are received at a commercial facility, for example an airport. 
     To facilitate description of the systems and methods disclosed herein, an airport environment using passenger bags is used. Nonetheless, the systems and methods disclosed herein are equally applicable to other logistic operations that may handle and move large volumes of packages or parcels. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , an exemplary baggage and parcel arrival handling system  10  is shown, for example, in a mass transit or large municipal airport  14 . System  10  includes a terminal baggage arrival area  16  where transfer vehicles (commonly called tuggers)  20  transfer one or more delivery carts  22  each carrying one container  18  housing a plurality of passenger bags  23  along a path of travel  24  as further described below. 
     Exemplary system  10  includes at least one automated unloading cell  26  positioned in the baggage arrival area adjacent to the path of travel  24  (see for example  FIGS.  5  and  6   ). As shown in  FIG.  2   , automated unloading cell  26  is positioned adjacent and in communication with a first transfer device  30 , for example a conveyor belt (as shown) and further described below. The automated unloading cell  26  is operable to automatically unload the bags from the delivery carts  22  and position the bags on a first transfer device  30  with no, or minimal, human operator intervention as further described below. 
     In some embodiments, system  10  includes a manual unloading cell  34  that is positioned in the baggage arrival area  16  downstream of the automated unloading cell  26  as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . In some embodiments, system  10  includes a manual unloading cell  34  that is positioned in the baggage arrival area  16  upstream of the automated unloading cell  26 . In some embodiments, the manual unloading cell  34  is positioned adjacent a second transfer device, for example a belt conveyor  38 , as shown in  FIG.  2   , which merges with the first transfer device  30  to continue as a single transfer conveyor  40  as generally shown and further described below. 
     In some embodiments, the system  10  further includes a bag scanning system  44  positioned along transfer conveyor  40  upstream of a security screening device  46  whereby the bags  23  pass through the screening device  46  and are screened for illicit or other hazardous materials further described below. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , in some embodiments, system  10  further includes a carousel diverter device  50  which serves to selectively divert bags  23  to an assigned or designated one of a plurality of baggage carousels  58  (three shown) where passengers pick-up or reacquire their bags  23 . One or more of baggage carousels  58  may be designated by a predetermined metric, for example by incoming flight number. The diverter device  50  operates to selectively divert bags to the designated carousel as determined by an arrival area control system  114  described further below and illustrated in  FIG.  7   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , tin some embodiments he system  10  includes a plurality of delivery carts  22  each operable to support and transport a container filled with bags  23  for delivery to the terminal bag arrival area  16 . As described above, the delivery carts are moved along path of travel  24  and are positioned adjacent and aligned with an automated unload cell  26  for unloading of the plurality of bags. In some embodiments, each delivery cart  22  includes a horizontal base, vertical end walls on the front and rear ends, and a canopy or roof extending between the vertical end walls. The base, vertical end walls and canopy define at least one open side, opposing open sides defining an interior cavity of size to receive, for example, a container  18  housing a plurality of arriving bags  23 . Three or more wheels support the base allowing the delivery cart  22  to travel on a hard ground surface. A hitch of the connector device allows the lead delivery cart  22  to removably connect to a transfer vehicle  20 , and to connect additional delivery carts  22  to form a “train” of delivery carts. 
     In some embodiments, each delivery cart  22  includes a roller platform device operable to move the container(s)  18  into and out of the delivery cart  22  as further described below. Other structures, forms, components and configurations for the construction and function of the delivery carts  22  to suit the particular application and performance requirements may be used. In some embodiments, the container  18  is in the form of a unit load device (ULD). Other forms of containers having at least one open, or openable (normally vertical) side for passage of bags therethrough as further described below may be used. As noted above, in some embodiments, e ULD dollies, loose baggage trailers, and other devices may be used. In some embodiments, the delivery carts  22  may be supported and propulsion provided by, an autonomous automated guided vehicle (AGV) which is controlled, navigated and/or directed by an AGV internal control system and/or an area central control system  118 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  3 ,  3 A and  4   , an exemplary baggage container roller deck  70  is illustrated. In some embodiments, the baggage container roller deck  70  is used in an exemplary system  10 . In some embodiments, the baggage container roller deck  70  includes a generally square or rectangular-shaped rotatable deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the deck frame  76  includes pillars  80  (four shown), longitudinal cross-members  84  (four shown), lateral cross-members  90  (four shown) and one or more container stops  96  (two shown). In some embodiments, the pillars  80  and cross-members  84 ,  90  form a rigid frame structure. 
     In some embodiments, the deck frame  76  includes an open front side  100  for receiving baggage containers  18  housing the bags  23  (described below) and an opposing, substantially open rear side  106  allowing for bags  23  to pass through as further described below. Additional and/or alternate pillars, cross-members, structures, configurations, orientations and materials may be used for the deck frame  76 . 
     Still referring to  FIGS.  3 ,  3 A, and  4   , in some embodiments, the container roller deck  70  includes a deck base  110  for securely supporting deck frame  76 . As shown in  FIG.  4   , the deck base  110  includes rigid longitudinal cross-members  111 A (two shown) and lateral cross-members  111 B (two shown) which are fixedly secured to a ground surface. The deck base  110  can include additional and/or alternate structures, configurations and orientations. 
     In some embodiments, the container roller deck  70 , and the deck frame  76  define an axis of rotation  112  ( FIGS.  3  and  4   ) allowing the deck frame  76  to rotate relative to the deck base  110  as described further below. In some embodiments, an axle  113  longitudinally extends from both sides of the deck frame  76  as generally illustrated. In some embodiments, one end of the axle  113  is received in a deck frame drive device  116  mounted to the deck frame  110  ( FIG.  4   ). The opposing end of the axle  113  is received and engaged in a bearing housing and support connected to the deck base  110 . 
     In some embodiments, the deck drive  116  is a bi-directional (clockwise and counterclockwise) electric motor in communication with arrival area control system  118 . Deck drive  116  receives and engages one end of the axle  113 . The control system  118  selectively activates or energizes the deck drive device  116  to selectively rotate the deck frame  76  about the axis of rotation  112  as further described below. It is understood that that the deck frame axle  113  configuration and engagement between the axle  113  and the deck drive  116  can take other forms, structures and engagement schemes. It is further understood that the described exemplary electric motor for the deck drive  116  can take other structures, devices and forms effective to rotate the deck frame  76  about the axis of rotation  112  in the manner described below. 
     In some embodiments, the container roller deck  70 , and an index table  150  (described further below), are operated and controlled by a local or container roller deck control system  118 A in communication with the arrival area control system  118 . The container roller deck control system  118 A includes one or more of the components shown in  FIG.  7    and further includes software, operating systems and other features and functions described for control system  118 . Control system  118 A, as well as the other control systems generally described herein, are in communication with one another, include one or more of the components, software and operating systems in  FIG.  7   , are collectively referred to herein as control system  118  for ease of description and/or illustration. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  5  and  6 A - 6 C , an example of rotational movement of deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the deck frame  76  can include an attached powered roller platform  120  as illustrated in  FIGS.  3 A and  4   . In an exemplary embodiment of the automated unloading cell  26 , for example, the beginning of an automated baggage unloading cycle, the deck frame  76  is positioned in a first position  134  shown in  FIG.  5    with the deck frame  76  in a generally upright or vertical position relative to the deck base  110 . As illustrated in  FIG.  6 A  and as further described below, when initiated or energized by, for example the area control system  118 , the deck drive  116  rotates the deck frame  76  about the axis of rotation  112  from the first position  134  to a second position  136 . In some embodiments, the deck frame  76  can be rotated approximately 65-70 degrees from the first position  134  to the second position  136 . It is understood that the second position  136  may be at alternate greater or lesser angles, for example 45, 55, 75, 80, 85 or 90 degrees (substantially horizontal). 
     As further described below, in some embodiments, on activation/re-energizing of the deck drive  116 , for example by the area control system  118 , the deck drive  116  rotates the deck frame  76  from the second position  136  to a third position  138  as illustrated in  FIG.  6 B . In some embodiments,, the deck frame  76  can be rotated approximately 25 - 30 degrees from the second position  136  back toward the first position  134 , until the deck frame  76  reaches the third position  138 . As further described below, in some embodiments, on activation of the deck drive  116  by the control system  118 , the deck frame  76  is rotated from the third position  138  back to the first position  134  as seen in  FIGS.  5  and  6 C . Stops  140  may be connected to deck base  110  to abuttingly engage the deck frame  76  returning to the first position  134  to prevent further rotational movement. Other angular positions for the first position  134 , the second position  136 , and third position  138 , and angular movements or paths of travel, for the deck frame  76  suitable for the application and performance specifications may be used. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  3 A and  4   , in some embodiments, the deck frame  76  includes a powered roller platform  120  operable to engage and transfer containers  18  housing into and out of, the deck frame  76  as further described below. The powered roller platform  120  includes a relatively low profile base  124  having a longitudinal axis generally parallel to the deck frame axis of rotation  112 . A plurality of elongated rollers  128  are rotatably connected to the base  124  and are rotatable relative to the base  124 . In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  is a separate device that is removably, but securely connected to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  may be integral to, or built into, the deck frame  76 . 
     In some embodiments, rollers  128  rotate about respective axes parallel to the longitudinal axis thereby assisting movement of the baggage containers  18  in a direction  92  transverse to the longitudinal axis  86  (see  FIG.  3 A ). It is understood that different forms, greater or lesser numbers, types, and configuration of rollers  128  may be used. Rollers  128  may further have different orientation and rotation relative to base  124  to suit the application. 
     In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  includes the internal control system  130  generally including executable and configuration software as well as several, or all, of the hardware components shown in  FIG.  7   , and as described for control systems  118  and  118 A, and as further described below. In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  includes one or more actuators, for example, electric motors  210 , connected to the rollers  128  to selectively rotate the rollers  128  in a selected direction (laterally into or out of deck frame  76 ) relative to the base  124 . Platform control system  130  can be in communication with the arrival area control system  118  and may receive hardwire or wireless signals to engage/energize or disengage/de-energize the actuator(s)  210 , as well as the direction of the rotation, according to preprogrammed software and/or instructions in the area control system  118  and/or the platform control system  130 . The powered roller platform  120  and/or the roller deck  70  may further include one or more sensors  212  to, for example, detect if the container  18  is positioned correctly or incorrectly on the powered roller platform  120 . In some embodiments, the one or more sensors  212  can be optical sensors. Other components, devices, and/or configurations of the powered roller platform  120  may be included to suit the particular application and performance requirements. 
     Referring again to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , each exemplary delivery cart  22  can include a roller platform connected to the delivery cart base or floor under the canopy. The delivery cart roller platform may be of similar components and construction described for the deck frame  76  and the powered roller platform  120 . In some embodiments, the delivery cart roller platform can include rollers that are not powered by a power source and actuators as described for the powered roller platform  120 . Instead, the delivery cart roller platform rollers can be idler rollers, which may freely rotate under a transverse or lateral load on the rollers. 
     In some embodiments, system  10 , a secondary or parasitic drive-type device can be used to aid in the automated transfer of the container  18  between the respective delivery carts  22  and the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  includes a rotatable shaft that can automatically be extended and engage a cooperative receptacle on the delivery cart roller platform. The rotatable shaft can be automatically extended when, for example, sensors or other vision devices confirm and verify the horizontal (x coordinate direction) and vertical (z coordinate direction) alignment of the delivery cart  22  to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the sensors can be optical sensors. 
     The delivery cart roller platform rollers are connected to an internal roller drive device, which is connected to the rollers. On engagement of the extended rotatable shaft with the delivery cart roller platform receptacle, and activation of the powered roller platform  120 , for example by the central control system  118 , the rotatable shaft transfers rotation to the delivery cart roller platform receptacle and rotates the delivery cart rollers in a coordinated direction (either to move a container  18  toward the powered roller platform  120  or away from the powered roller platform  120  into the delivery cart  22 ). One or more sensors and/or vision devices may be used to monitor and verify receipt and proper positioning of the container  18  on one of the powered roller platform  120  or the delivery cart  22 . In some embodiments, the one or more sensors can be optical sensors. Devices and processes other than the described secondary/parasitic drive device may be used to transfer power or motion from the powered roller platform  120  to the delivery cart roller platform. 
     In some embodiments, the delivery carts  22  can include a powered roller platform  120  as described for deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the delivery cart powered roller platform can also include a power source, for example a rechargeable battery. In some embodiments, when the delivery cart is aligned with the deck frame  76 , the delivery cart  22  docks or engages with a source providing electrical power to the powered roller platform. In embodiments of independent activation of a delivery cart powered roller platform, the activation and movement of the rollers can be coordinated through receipt of data signals received from the arrival area control system  118 . 
     Referring back to  FIGS.  3 ,  3 A,  4 , and  5   , in some embodiments, the container roller deck  70  includes an index table  150  for use in the automated unloading cell  26 . In some embodiments, the index table  150  is rotatably connected to the deck frame  76  and rotatable relative thereto about an index table axis of rotation  158  ( FIG.  6 B ). As illustrated in  FIG.  5   , the index table  150  includes an index table frame  154  including, for example longitudinal and lateral cross members providing a rigid platform. As illustrated in  FIGS.  3 A,  4  and  5   , in some embodiments, the container roller deck  70  includes an index table base  156  for selective abutting engagement with the index table  150  as further described below. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  3 ,  3 A and  4   , the index table  150  includes an index table conveyor  160  operable to receive bags  23  released from the container  18  positioned in the deck frame  76  as further described below. In some embodiments, the index table conveyor  160  is operable to automatically, and selectively, advance or transfer the bag  23  positioned on the conveyor  160  toward the first transfer device  30  ( FIGS.  2  and  6 B ). 
     In some embodiments, the index table  150 , and the index table conveyor  160  includes a plurality of individual index conveyors  160  (eight (8) shown) connected to the index table frame  154  and each rotatable relative thereto. Each conveyor  160  is independently rotatable (or advanceable) relative to the other conveyors  160  to selectively move or advance a bag  23  positioned on a particular conveyor  160  relative to the other conveyors  160 . This independent movement capability of each conveyor  160  provides a high level of flexibility and control to selectively advance and position bags positioned on a specific conveyor  160  as further described below. 
     In some embodiments, the conveyor  160 , a continuous or endless belt is engaged with a drum roller (having integrated therein a motorized device operable to turn the roller, and necessarily the belt) rotatably connected to the index table frame  154 . In some embodiments, each conveyor  160  includes a drum roller that is in hardwire or wireless communication with the control system  118  to selectively activate or energize the drum roller(s) to rotate and move or advance the respective belt relative to the index table frame  154 , and other conveyors  160 . 
     As illustrated in the  FIGS.  3 ,  3 A , exemplary use of the illustrated eight conveyors  160  are organized in four rows and two positions (a front and a rear). In some embodiments, a first row  162 , a second row  164 , a third row  166  and a fourth row  168  are used. As illustrated, each row  162 ,  164 ,  166  and  168  row includes an individual belt in a front position  172  (positioned toward the first transfer device  30 ) and an individual belt in a rear position  174 . Selected activation of individual conveyors  160 , in an individual row or pairs of rows  162 ,  164 ,  166  and/or  168 , and/or conveyors  160  in the front position  172  and/or the rear position  174 , may be utilized. Use of the disclosed plurality of oriented conveyors  160  provides flexibility and control in the movement and transfer of bags  23  positioned on the conveyor(s)  160  as further described below. 
     It is understood that the number, configuration, orientation, implementation, and construction of the described conveyors  160  can vary to suit the particular application and performance requirements. For example referring to  FIG.  3 A , conveyor  160  can in some embodiments take the form of a single conveyor  160  (spanning all of the rows and the front and rear positions as illustrated), two conveyors  160  positioned side by side (each spanning two rows and both the front  172  and rear  174  positions), four conveyors positioned side by side (each spanning one row and both the front  172  and rear  174  positions), two transverse conveyors  160  (each spanning all of the rows, but one in the front position  172  and one on the rear position). Other combinations and orientations of conveyors  160  to suit the particular application. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  5  and  6 A-C , as described above, the index table  150  is pivotable and selectively rotatable about the axis of rotation  158  relative to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the index table  150  includes a first or vertical position  176  directly adjacent to the deck frame  76  as illustrated in  FIG.  5   . Index table  150  is positioned in the first position  176  when, for example, the deck frame  76  is in its first position  134  ( FIG.  5   ) at the start of an unloading cycle when the container  18  (shown in the form of a unit load device (ULD)) is moved by the powered roller platform  120  into the deck frame  76 . It is understood that the container  18  can take different forms than a ULD as illustrated. In some embodiments, baskets, pallets, trays and other devices suitable for supporting and containing the bags  23 , or other packages or parcels in other applications, may be used. 
     As further described below, on activating/energizing the index table drive  114 , the index table  150  may rotate relative to the deck frame  76  from the first position  176  directly adjacent to the deck frame  76  to a second position  178  as illustrated in  FIG.  6 B  rotated away from the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the index table  150  rotates 20 - 25 degrees relative to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the index table  150  in the second position  178  is in a substantially horizontal position and abuttingly engaged with the index base  156  and the index table stops  180 . Other angles, greater or lesser, and movements of the index table  150  relative to the deck frame  76  may be used to suit the particular application. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , in some embodiments, the automated unload station  26  further includes safety fencing  182  positioned in selected places along the sides the deck frame  76  extending to the first transfer device  30  as generally shown. Safety fencing  182  is used to prevent personnel from mistakenly entering the area between the deck frame  76  and the first transfer device  30  when the automated unloading cell is activated or in an operable status. Other safety devices may be used. 
     Referring back to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , n some embodiments, exemplary system  10  includes a manual unloading cell  34  positioned in the baggage arrival area  16  downstream or upstream of the automated unloading cell  26 . In some embodiments, the manual unloading station  34  is used to unload bags from the containers  18  that are not suitable for use in the automated unloading cell  26 . In some embodiments, the manual unloading station  34  may be used to unload bags  23  that are not suitable for automated unloading, for example oversized or odd sized-shaped bags. In some embodiments, the manual unloading station  34  can serve as a back-up or reserve unloading cell if problems arise in the automated unload cell  26 , for example a malfunction or scheduled maintenance. 
     In some embodiments, the delivery carts  22  are moved along path of travel  24  and are generally positioned or aligned in the vicinity of the manual unload cell  34 . In some embodiments, human operators remove the bags  23  from the container  18  and place them on the second transfer device  38 . In some embodiments, a level of automation, for example robotic assisted efforts or motions, for example removing or lifting bags from the container  18  to relieve difficult manual effort levels or ergonomics may be used. In some embodiments, , automated devices  188 , including end effectors operable to engage bags  23 , to assist the human bag handlers move the bags  23  from the containers  18  onto the second transfer device  30  may be used. In some embodiments, the automated devices  188  may include a pneumatic vacuum or suction end effector to engage individual bags  23 . Alternate automated devices and/or end effectors to suit the particular application may be used. 
     In some embodiments, the bags  23  positioned on the second transfer device  38  are automatically moved downstream and merge with the first transfer device  30  to form a single transfer conveyor  40 . On removal of the last bag  23  from the last container  18  of the last delivery cart  22 , the transfer vehicle  20  leaves the baggage arrival area  16  to return to the aircraft stand or other area to receive additional full containers  18  for delivery to the arrival area  16  as described. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , a block diagram of an exemplary arrival area or central control system  118  is illustrated. The illustrated general control system hardware components together, or combined with additional hardware, are useful for the control system  118 , as well an individual device control systems described above. For example the powered roller platform control system  130  (as noted above  118 ,  118 A,  130  and all other control systems described herein are collectively referred to as control system  118  for ease of description unless otherwise noted). 
     In some embodiments, the control system  118  includes a computing device, or multiple computing devices, working cooperatively. The exemplary control system computing device includes common hardware components, including but not limited to, a processor  202 , data memory storage device  204 , one or more controllers (including but not limited to programmable logic controllers (PLC))  206 , signal transmitter and receiver  208  for sending and receiving hardwire and wireless data signals  220 , actuators  210 , and sensors  212 . These hardware components are in data signal communication with one another, either through hard wire connections or wireless communication protocols, through a bus  218 , or other suitable hardware. Other hardware components, including additional input and output devices  214 , to suit the particular application and performance specifications may be used. Examples of input devices include, but not limited to, touch sensitive display devices, keyboards imaging devices and other devices that generate computer interpretable signals in response to user interaction. Examples of output devices include, but not limited to, display screens, speakers, alert lights and other audio or visually perceptible devices. Control system  118  is powered by the power source  216 . 
     Exemplary processor  202  can be any type of device that is able to process, calculate or manipulate information, including but not limited to digital information that is currently known or may be developed in the future. One example of a processor is a conventional central processing unit (CPU). It is contemplated that multiple processors  202  and servers may be needed to support  118 . These may be on site at the airport, for example for security concerns, and/or in the “cloud” (cloud computing through remote servers and systems). 
     The exemplary data memory storage device  204  may include devices that store information, including but not limited to digital information, for immediate or future use by the processor  202 . Examples of memory storage devices include either or both of random access memory (RAM) or read only memory (ROM) devices. The memory storage device may store information, such as program instructions that can be executed by the processor  202  and data that is stored by and recalled or retrieved by the processor  202 . Additionally, portions of the operating system for the computational device and other applications can be stored in the data memory storage device  204 . Non-limiting examples of memory storage device  204  include a hard disk drive or a solid-state drive. Alternately, portions of the stored information may be stored in the cloud (remote storage devices or data centers) and selectively retrieved through wireless protocols. 
     In some embodiments, control system  118  includes a suitable software operating system and preprogrammed software to execute predetermined actions, functions or operations of the system  10  described herein. The operating system and software may be stored in the data memory storage device  204 , and processed and executed by the processor  202  through controller  206  and actuators  210 . Other and/or alternate hardware and/or software components may be used to suit the particular application or performance specifications may be used. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , an example of operation of system  10  is disclosed in an example at an airport environment. A plurality of bags  23  are loaded into a respective one of the container  18 . Container  18  is loaded onto the delivery cart  22 . It is understood that more than one container can be included in each delivery cart  22 . One or more delivery carts  22  with a respective loaded container  18  are moved to the terminal baggage arrival area  16  by a transfer vehicle  20  as described above. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , for containers  18  and/or bags  23  that are suitable for automated unloading, the delivery cart  22  is moved into a position adjacent to an automated unloading cell  26 , and more particularly in alignment with the container roller deck  70  as described above. In some embodiments, container  18  is a ULD. Other bag containers  18  may be used. The container  18  is further aligned with deck frame  76  for receipt of the container  18  in deck frame  76 . One or more sensors, for example vision sensors or cameras may be used to monitor or verify when the delivery cart and/or container  18  is in proper alignment, for example along the path of travel (x direction) and vertically (z direction) for proper transfer. The one or more sensors can transmit a data signal to the control system  118 , indicating that the delivery cart  22  and/or the container  18  is in alignment with deck frame  76 . The one or more sensors can transmit the data signal to the delivery cart  22  and/or the container  18  before the control system  118  sends a control signal to the power roller platform  120  to initiate the transfer of the container  18  from delivery cart  22  unto deck frame  76 . 
     In some embodiments, the above-described secondary or parasitic drive is signaled by the control system  118  to extend and engage the cooperative receptacle on the delivery cart roller platform as described above. On initiating or energizing of the powered roller platform  120  to begin movement of the rollers  128 , the secondary drive also rotates the rollers on the roller platform on delivery cart  22  thereby laterally transferring the container  18  from the delivery cart  22  into the deck frame  76 . One or more sensors in communication with the area control system  118  may be used to stop movement of the powered roller platform and lateral translation of the container  18 . As described above, sensors including, but not limited to vision or other sensing devices, may be used to verify the container  18  is positioned in the deck frame  76 . For instance, the one or more sensors can determine when the container  18  has been successfully transferred from the delivery cart  22  into the deck frame  76  by detecting when the container  18  interferes with light produced by one or more optical sensors as the container  18  is moved from the delivery cart  22  to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, one or more sensors, readers or vision systems may be used to scan or otherwise read an identification unique to the container to positively identify the container  18  to, for example, verify the container or bags from a certain flight number or other metric. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  3  and  4   , the container stops  96 , and upper longitudinal cross member 84A, are used to prevent lateral axis  84  over travel of the container  18  in the deck frame  76 . One or more sensors or vision systems in communication with the container roller deck control system  118  may be used to verify the container  18  is properly positioned in deck frame  76  (as shown in  FIGS.  5  and  6 C ). In this position, the deck frame  76  is in the first position  134  and the index table  150  is in the first position  170  (vertical) as shown in  FIGS.  5  and  6 C . 
     In some embodiments, system  10  and the container roller deck  70 , on verification by the container roller deck control system  118  that the container  18  is properly positioned within deck frame  76 , and for example, that the index table  150  is in the first position  176 , the control system  118  may send an electronic signal to the deck frame drive  116  to rotate the deck frame  76  from the first position  134  to the second position  136  as shown in  FIG.  6 A . In the example second position  136  shown in  FIG.  6 A , the deck frame  76  is rotated about 65-70 degrees. In some embodiments, the second position is about 45, 55, 75, 80, 85 or 90 degrees. It is understood that a greater or lesser angle of rotation may be used to suit the application and performance. 
     In some embodiments, rotation of the deck frame  76  and the container  18  from the first position  134  to the second position  136  as shown in  FIG.  6 A , the index table  150  remains in the first position  176  directly adjacent to the deck frame  76  to keep the bags  23  from releasing or exiting from the container  18 . In some embodiments, an open side of the container  18 , on reaching the second position  136 , most, if not all of, the bags  23  are no longer supported by the container  18  and by the force of gravity, are positioned on, and substantially supported by, the index table  150 . One or more sensors and/or vision systems may be used to verify that the deck frame  76  is in the second position  136  and signal the control system  118 . The one or more sensors and/or vision systems can include one or more optical sensors. 
     Referring to the  FIG.  6 B , on verification by the control system  118  that the deck frame  76  is positioned in the second position  136 , the control system  118  signals or otherwise activates the index table drive  114  to rotate the index table from the first position  176  to the second position  178  (substantially horizontal in some embodiments) to abuttingly engage the index base  156  and the stop  180  as generally shown. In some embodiments, the index table  150  rotates away from its first position  176  about 25 - 30 degrees. It is understood that greater or lesser angles of rotation may be used to suit the application. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  6 B , in some embodiments, one or more sensors (including vision camera devices) detect and/or verify that the deck frame  76  has reached the second position  136  and signal the control system  118 . On such verification, transfer of the bags  23   from the index table  150  can begin as discussed below. The one or more sensors and/or vision systems can include one or more optical sensors. 
     After verifying that the deck frame  76  is in the second position  136 , and the index table  150  is in the second position  178 , the control system  118  can send signals or otherwise activate the deck frame drive  114  to rotate the deck frame  76  from the second position  136  to the third position  138  as described above. In some embodiments, the third position  138  is about 20-25 degrees from the second position  136 . In some embodiments, the third position  138  may be about 5, 10, 15, 20, 35, 45 or 55 degrees, and positions in between, from the second position  136 . This exemplary rotation from the second position  136  to the third position  138  is advantageous for a more controlled deposit and placement of the plurality of bags  38  on index table  150 . 
     It is understood that angles greater or lesser than the examples provided may be used to suit the particular application. One or more sensors, including, but not limited to vision systems, can be used to detect or verify that the deck frame  76  is positioned in the third position  138  and send a signal to the control system  118 . It is further understood that rotation from the second position  136  to the third position  138  can be eliminated and the deck frame  76  can be rotated from the second position  136  back to the first position  134  as described below. It is also understood that additional positions, for example, a fourth or more positions positioned at angles between the third  138  and first  134  positions may be used. 
     In some embodiments, the container roller deck  70  as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 B and  6 C , based on a desired condition, or other metric, the control system  118  can send an electronic signal to the deck frame drive  116  to return the deck frame  76  from the second position  136  back to the first position  134  as illustrated in  FIG.  6 C . While the deck frame  76  rotates from the second position  136  to the first position  134 , and from the third position  138  back to the first position  134 , the index table  150  remains in the second position  178  as illustrated in  FIG.  6 B  (thereby allowing the deck frame  76  to rotate relative to the index table  150 ). One or more sensors (including vision camera devices) may detect that deck frame  76  has reached the first position  134  and signal the area control system  118  to verify the deck frame position. 
     On detection or verification through one or more sensors, including, but not limited to one or more position sensors, for example an encoder or a switch, one or more optical sensors, or vision systems, that the deck frame  76  has returned to the first position  134 , the control system  118  sends control signals to the powered roller platform  120  and the delivery cart roller platform, that cause the roller platform  120  and the delivery cart roller, to activate which initiates rotation of the respective platform rollers in the opposite direction to return the container  18  back onto the delivery cart  22  in a manner previously described. This returning of the container  18  to the delivery cart  22  may occur prior to, or simultaneous with the advancement of bags from the index table  150  as described below. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6 B and  3 A  (no bags shown in  FIG.  3 A  for ease of illustration), due to the force of gravity, the bags  23  are often deposited across several of the plurality of conveyors  160  (exemplary eight conveyors  160  shown as described above). In some embodiments, it is advantageous for further travel along first transfer device  30 , the transfer conveyor  40 , the bag scanning system  44 , and for security screening by screening device  46 , if each bag is positioned sequentially (one after another in a single file line) on the first transfer device  30  (versus overlapping or bunched/stacked atop one another). It is further advantageous, for the bag scanning array and security screening by device  46 , if each bag  23  is separated by a predetermined distance from the adjacent upstream and downstream bag  23 . 
     To aid in separating the bags  23  positioned atop of the index table  150 , the conveyor  160  aids in separating the bags  23  a desired or selectable distance on the first transfer device  30 . One or more of the individual conveyors  160  may be activated and advanced to selectively and sequentially move the bags  23  from the index table  150  onto the first transfer device  30 . In some embodiments, where one or more bags are deposited on one or more of the conveyors  160  positioned on the front belts (area  172 ), one or more of the conveyors  160  positioned in the front belt area may be activated to advance the bags  23  positioned on these respective conveyors  160  closest to the first transfer device  30  to orderly and sequentially begin moving the bags  23  off the index table  150 . In some embodiments, the conveyors  160  positioned in the front belt area  172  may be activated to selectively advance the bags  23  positioned only on those belts while bags  23  positioned on the other conveyors  160  positioned in the front belt area  172  remain stationary. For instance, simultaneously activating the conveyor  160  positioned in first row 162/front belt  172  and third row  166 /front belt  172  serves to advance bags that are already separated by a distance when those bags  23  are deposited on first transfer device  30 . Following advancement and deposit of these bags, the conveyors  160  are stopped and the other conveyors, for example, second row 164/ front belt  172  and fourth row 168/first belt  172  may be simultaneously activated to sequentially advance bags positioned on those conveyors in the same manner achieving the same advantages as described. Once all the bags  23  have been advanced from the conveyors  160  positioned in the first belt area  172 , the process can continue for the conveyors  160  positioned in the rear belt area  174 . 
     It is understood that individual and coordinated activation of the conveyors  160  may vary depending on various metrics, for example how the bags have deposited and/or spread out across the index table  150  across multiple conveyors  160 . As mentioned, the activation and advancement of the conveyors  160  is achieved through receipt of hardwire or wireless signals from the area control system  118 . 
     In some embodiments, detection by one or more sensors, for example vision camera devices, and analysis by control system  118  determines which of the conveyors  160  is activated and when. For example, following rotation of the deck frame  76  to the third position  138  and/or back to the first position  134 , a vison device camera may image the spread and location of the bags  23  across index table  150  and send data associated with the imaged spread and location of bags  23 , to control system  118 . In turn, for example, the data is analyzed by software programs and a sequence of activation of the conveyors  160  in the manner described above takes place. The data can be processed by the processor  202 , saved in memory  204 , and executed to optimize advancement of the bags  23  from the index table  150  to the first transfer device  30  to maximize the above mentioned advantages, for example sequential order and separation of the bags  23 . As mentioned above certain metrics can be used to determine how to optimize the advancement of the bags  23  from the index table  150  to the first transfer device  30 . Exemplary metrics can include the size of the bag (e.g., length, width, height), the orientation of the bag with respect to a perpendicular and horizontal plane, the proximity of the bag relative to other bags, the position of the bag on conveyors  160 . For example, the processor  202  can be programmed to determine an objective function that is associated with the timing of advancing the bags  23  from the first row of the index table  150  to the first transfer device  30 , which is based on a set of constraints associated with one or more of the above metrics. 
     In some embodiments, predetermined individual or coordinated conveyor activation sequences which have been, for example, tested and proven to achieve one or more desired metrics, for example, sequential order and distance between bags  23  on first transfer device  30 , could be prestored in the memory device  204  and executed by processor  202  to independently activate, or through coordinated activation, one or more conveyors  160  in the manner described above. Other devices and methods used to selectively activate conveyors  160  to achieve the above-identified advantages, or other advantages. 
     On advancement of all of the bags  23  from the index table  150  to the first transfer device  30 , verification that all of the bags  23  have been removed may be made by one or more sensors  212  (including vision camera devices) and the verification signaled to the area control system  118 . Referring to  FIG.  6 C , on verification that all of the bags  23  have been cleared from index table  150 , the control system  118  signals or otherwise activates the index table drive  114  to rotate index table  150  from the second position  178  back to the first position  176  as generally shown. Other devices and methods, for example, switches and encoders may be used to verify and return the index table  150  to the first position  176 . On verification that the index table  150  is positioned at the first position  176 , the container roller deck  70  is ready to begin the process of accepting another container  18  as described above. 
     As described above, once the container  18  has been transferred and verified to be positioned back on the delivery cart  22 , in one example, the transfer vehicle  20  moves the delivery cart  22  to the manual unloading area  34  to, for example, verify that no bags  23  remain in the container  18 . If additional connected delivery carts  22  include bags to be unloaded in the manual unloading station  34 , that delivery cart  22  is positioned in the manual unloading area and unloaded as described above. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , in some embodiments, use of one or more singulation conveyors  190 , (four shown) is illustrated. In some embodiments, use of singulation conveyors are used to further separate, increase the distance between, the sequentially positioned bags  23  traveling along the first travel device  30  (advantages described above, for example the bag scanning array and security screening). In some embodiments, one or more (four shown) singulation conveyors  190  are positioned along, and disrupting, the path of travel of first travel device  30 , for example in the form of a continuous belt conveyor. In some embodiments, one or all of the singulation conveyors  190  may be positioned along the transfer conveyor  40  ( FIGS.  1  and  2   ). 
     In some embodiments, each singulation conveyor of the singulation conveyors  190 , may consist of a drum motor (described above for conveyors  160 ), or electric motors and related devices. One or more sensors may monitor metrics of the conveyor, for example rate of advancement, and convey that data through hardwire or wireless signals to a conveyor control system  118 B. Conveyor control system  118 B may include one or more of the components in  FIG.  7    as well as software and operating systems generally described herein for area or central control system  118 . 
     In some embodiments, each of the singulation conveyors of the singulation conveyor  190  is an independently controllable conveyor belt from the other conveyors of the singulation conveyor  190 , and the first transfer device  30 . In some embodiments, the velocity or rate of advancement (feet or meters/minute) of the singulation conveyor  190  is different from the rate of advancement of the first transfer device  30  to selectively separate the bags  23 , or increase the distance between adjacent bags, to achieve a predetermined distance, or a preferred or workable distance, for example ensuring there is at least a small linear distance separation between adjacent bags  23  for bag scanning and security screening purposes. 
     In some embodiments, the singulation conveyor  190  can include a single conveyor that has a constant rate of advancement that is greater than the rate of advancement of the first transfer device  30 . For the bag  23  passing from the slower first transfer device  30  to the faster moving singulation conveyor  190 , there imparts a greater linear distance between the bag  23  that is on the singulation conveyor  190 , and another bag that is upstream from the bag  23 , that is on first transfer device  30 . Use of additional numbers of conveyors  190  positioned sequentially provides more flexibility to impart a desired distance between the sequentially moving bags  23 . 
     In some embodiments, the rate of advancement of the conveyor  190  can be rapidly varied to adjust to the oncoming distance between the bags  23  to further achieve the desired distance between bags. In one example, sensors (including a vision camera device) may monitor and detect the distance between adjacent bags, or bags  23  that are positioned parallel, or side by side, on first transfer device  30 , and send a control signal to the control system  118 . The received control signal can be analyzed by software stored in memory  204 , and calculations made by processor  202  can cause the control system  118  to send a control signal to the conveyor  190  to actively adjust the rate of advancement of the conveyor  190  to better achieve a desired distance between bags  23 . Other devices, for example different numbers of conveyors  190  and their positions along first travel device  30 , and methods for singulation conveyor  190  may be used. 
     In some embodiments, a baggage orientation device may be positioned along the path of travel of the first transfer device  30  or the first transfer conveyor  40  to further reorient and separate the bags  23  that are not sequentially positioned and/or do not have a predetermined separation distance between the bags  23 . In some embodiments of a baggage orientation device, a sensor, including but not limited to a vision system, is used to detect bags traveling along transfer device  30  or conveyor  40  that do not have a desired separation. In some embodiments, the sensor can include an optical sensor. In some embodiments, two narrow singulation conveyors positioned side by side can be used to separate bags positioned side by side. In some embodiments, one or both of the side by side conveyors have independently controlled rates of advancement as described above for singulation conveyors  190 . 
     On detection by sensors or vision system of two bags  23  that are positioned side by side (and will each travel over one of the side by side orientation device belts) one of the orientation device belts rate of advancement can be different than the other side by side orientation belt to create a separation or distance between the bags. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , in some embodiments, system  10  includes a bag scanning system  44  positioned along the path of travel of the transfer conveyor  40  as generally shown. In some embodiments, the bag scanning system  44  can be a multi-sensor or multi-beam optical scanning array operable to scan or read predetermined metrics, for example the bag tag, including for example a bar code, QR code or RFID tag, attached by the airline to each bag including a unique identification number. Data read or otherwise obtained by the bag scanning system  44  can be communicated to the control system  118  to register or verify the bag  23  has been received back into system  10  or a larger central airport control system. In some embodiments, the scanned data for a particular bag can be referenced against other data previously recorded for that metric to, for example, identify suspicious differences between the present data and prior data. Other metrics can be scanned or otherwise obtained, for example, verifying the bag is from a particular flight number, and/or passenger class of service or special reward program status handling, so the bag can be selectively directed to the proper bag carousel  58  or other designated area. Other devices, processes and data for bag scanning system  44  to suit the particular application may be used. 
     In some embodiments, following passage of bags  23  through the bag scanning system  44 , a manual bag tagging station may be used. In some embodiments, if a bag passes through the bag scanning system  44  without a bag tag (or other identification tag such as a radio frequency ID (RFID) tag), the bag may be removed or otherwise re-routed to an alternate conveyor or station where a separate or special tag may be attached. This special tag can be used later in the process to identify this particular bag of interest, for example additional screening or security inspection prior to delivery to a bag carousel  58 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  2   , in some embodiments, system  10  includes a baggage screening area or device, for example screening system  46  positioned along the path of travel of the transfer conveyor  40  as generally shown. Although the arrival of bags having already been cleared from dangerous materials prior to loading onto an airplane, often arrival bags are again screened for other materials, for example contraband, before delivery to passengers. Other reasons for screening may include security, revenue protection or other protocols defined by local authorities for law enforcement or public protection. 
     Exemplary screening system  46  is in communication with control system  118  and be remotely monitored. Screening system  46  may use, for example x-ray, computerized tomography (CT), or other devices and methods. In some embodiments, screening system  46  may selectively be activated or deactivated to screen the bags  23  based on the incoming flight and/or bags, security status conditions or levels at the airport  14  and other factors. Other baggage screening devices, locations, and processes, for example customs or other law enforcement procedures, may be used to suit the particular application and performance specifications. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , in some embodiments, following passage or clearance by the baggage screening system  46 , the plurality of bags  23  are advanced along the transfer conveyor  40  toward bag carousels  58  for pick-up or reacquisition by passengers. In some embodiments, a carousel diverter device (generally  50 ) is used to divert and direct the bags  23  to a designated carousel  58 , for example designated by flight number. In some embodiments, the diverter device  50  includes a multi-positional gate which is in communication with the control system  118 , which in combination with an actuator  210  connected to the gate, controls the position of the gate, for example to selectively divert bags to certain of the three carousels  58  shown in  FIG.  1   . In some embodiments, the system is not associate with any bag carousels. 
     In some embodiments, scanned data from the bag data tag may be used to direct the position of the diverter to direct bags on the transfer conveyor from different flights to the proper designated carousel for that particular flight. In some embodiments, the bags  23  that are scanned and specially tagged as bags of interest noted above may be diverted to a special area where additional security or inspection processes may be executed. In some embodiments, the specially tagged bags of interest may sound an alarm when the bag is retrieved and crosses through a certain area to alert security officials. Other metrics that may be used by device  50  to sort or specially direct scanned bags to a carousel  58 , or other designated area, include passenger class of service, frequent flyer program status, and other metrics. Other devices and methods for sorting and/or diverting bags  23  to a previously designated carousel  58  (or other destination) may be used. 
     Once past diverter device  50 , the bags  23  travel along respective carousel feed conveyors  54  for delivery to the predetermined carousel  58  (or other destination) for pick-up by passengers. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , in some embodiments, a method  400  for unloading bags from a transit vehicle to a transit terminal is illustrated. In one application, the transit vehicle is a passenger or cargo airplane and the transit terminal is an airport baggage terminal where passengers pick-up or reacquire their checked bags. 
     In one application in an airport environment, one or more containers  18  are filled, or partially filled, with a plurality of bags  23  unloaded from an airplane. If a large airplane in which containers  18  in the form of ULDs travel in the airplane baggage hold, the ULD containers  18  are unloaded from the plane and loaded onto the travel carts  22 . In smaller airplanes, the bags  23  may be manually unloaded from the plane and manually loaded into the container  18  (for example a ULD) and positioned on the travel cart  22 . 
     In step  405 , one or more of the delivery carts  22  each carrying one or more of the containers  18  housing a plurality of the bags  23  is driven or delivered by the transport vehicle  20  to the terminal bag arrival area  16  as described above. 
     In step  410 A, if the container  18  and the bags  23  housed therein are suitable for automated unloading, the travel cart  22  and the onboard container  18  is positioned adjacent to the automated unloading cell  26  and further aligned with the container roller deck  70  for automated unloading of the container  18  as described above. Sensors may be used to align the container with the deck frame  76  as described above. 
     In some embodiments, a step  410 B, takes place. If the container  18  or onboard bags  23  are not suitable for automated unloading in the automated unloading cell  26 , the container  18  is delivered to the manual unloading cell  34  for manual or semi-automated unloading of the bags as described above. 
     In step  415 , in the automated unloading cell  26 , the loaded container  18  is transferred from the travel cart  20  to the deck frame  76 . In some embodiments, the powered roller platform  120  on the deck frame  76  coordinates advancement of the container  18  with a roller platform on the travel cart  22  to laterally transfer the container  18  from the travel cart  22  into the deck frame  76  as described above. In some embodiments, a secondary or parasitic drive-type device may be used to provide power or rotation to the delivery cart roller platform. Activation and advancement of the powered roller platform  120  may be controlled by the control system  118  described above (which includes the local or area control systems, and device control systems described herein) and generally illustrated in  FIG.  7   . Sensors may be used in communication with the control system  118  may confirm or verify the container  18  is properly positioned in the deck frame  76 . 
     In some embodiments, the deck frame  76  includes an index table  150  rotatably connected to the deck frame  76 . In step  420 , the deck frame  76  is automatically rotated by a deck frame drive  116  from a first position  134  to a second position  136  as described above. On or about reaching the second position  136 , the plurality of bags  23  are released or dislodged from the container  18 , for example by gravity force, and positioned on the index table  150  as described above. Sensors may be used to detect or determine if the bags have been released or existed from the container. 
     The deck frame  76  is then rotated from second position  136  to the third position  138  and then back to first position  134  as described above. The index table  150  supporting the deposited bags remains in the second position  178  as described above. 
     In step  425 , the container  18  is then transferred from the deck frame  76  back to the delivery cart  22  through use of the powered roller platform  120 , as described above. The one or plurality of connected, delivery carts  22  can then be advanced and the next delivery cart  22  with a container  18  suitable for automated unloading can be positioned and aligned with the container rolling deck  70  while the bags are transferred from the index table  150 . Alternately, the delivery cart  22  with the empty container is transferred to the manual unloading station  34   as described above. In an example where multiple carts  22  are connected together, a sensor or vision system will detect when the last cart  22  in the connected line has received the returned container  18 , and the sensor or vision system can send a signal to the control system that the line of connected carts can be moved to the manual unloading area in the manner described above. 
     In step  430 , using index table  150  described above, a plurality of independently operable conveyors  160  are individually, or in a coordinated fashion, selectively advanced to selectively transfer bags positioned on the index table  150  onto the first transfer device  30  as described above. One or more sensors (including vision systems) and a control system may be used to actively determine the sequence of activations of the respective conveyors  160  to efficiently transfer the bags  23  from the index table  150  to the first transfer device  30 . Alternately, preprogramed and stored sequences of conveyor  160  activations may be used as described above. It is understood that step  430  can occur simultaneously with step  425 . 
     In step  435 , in part through use of selective activation of conveyors  160  in step  430 , the bags  23  deposited on the first transfer device  30  may be sequenced and/or singulated to provide a predetermined or preferred linear distance between adjacent bags  23  on the first transfer device  30  as described above. As noted above, one or more singulation conveyors  190  may be used. As noted above additional bag singulation or reorientation devices may also be used to separate the bags  23 . 
     In optional step  440 , the bags  23  traveling on the transfer conveyor  40  may pass through a bag scanning system  44  as described above. Optionally, the bag  23  then pass through a baggage screening system  46  to check for predetermined, illicit and/or hazardous bag contents as described above. Alternately, or in addition to, the screening device may scan the bag for additional data, for example the airline bag data tag attached to the bag  23 , to assist sorting and/or routing the bag to a final destination area, for example bag carousels  58 . The screening device  46  can be selectively activated to screen certain groups or flights of bags to meet security levels or other revenue or law enforcement protocols. 
     In some embodiments, a step  450  is included. In step  450 , the bags  23  are transferred to predetermined or designated bag carousels  58  as described above. In some embodiments, a diverter  50  is used to selectively direct the bags  23  to a predetermined carousel, for example by flight number. 
     It is understood that method  400  can include additional steps, change the order of steps, and remove steps from that described and illustrated to suit the particular application and performance specifications. 
     While the disclosure has been described in connection with certain embodiments, it is to be understood that what is taught herein is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiments but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims, which scope is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures as is permitted under the law.