Patent Publication Number: US-2022219552-A1

Title: Liquid Cooled Charging Cable System

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/845,595, filed Apr. 10, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/596,020 filed May 16, 2017, (U.S. Pat. No. 10,811,170), which claims the benefit under provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 119(e), of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/339,321, filed May 20, 2016, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     An electric vehicle (EV) charging system, also called an electric recharging point, a charging point, a charging station a charge point, and an EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment), is an element in an infrastructure that supplies electric energy for recharging electric vehicles, such as plug-in electric vehicles, including electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrids. Because plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicle ownership is expanding, there is a growing need for widely distributed publicly accessible charging stations, some of which support faster charging at higher voltages and currents than are available from residential EVSEs. Many charging stations are on-street facilities provided by electric utility companies or located at retail shopping centers and operated by private companies. These charging stations provide one or a range of heavy duty or special connectors that conform to the variety of electric charging connector standards. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate various embodiments of the present disclosure. In the drawings: 
         FIG. 1  shows a liquid cooled charging system; 
         FIG. 2  shows a liquid cooled charging system; 
         FIG. 3  shows a liquid cooled charging cable; 
         FIG. 4  shows a liquid cooled charging cable; 
         FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B  show an output terminal; and 
         FIG. 6A  and  FIG. 6B  show an input terminal. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Overview 
     A liquid cooled charging cable system may be provided. The liquid cooled charging cable system may comprise a source, a load, a liquid cooled charging cable, and a cooling device. The liquid cooled charging cable may connect the source to the load, and may supply electric energy from the source to the load. The liquid cooled charging cable may comprise a supply conductor and a return conductor. The cooling device may pump a coolant around the supply conductor and the return conductor where the supply conductor and the return conductor may be immersed in the coolant. 
     Both the foregoing overview and the following example embodiments are examples and explanatory only, and should not be considered to restrict the disclosure&#39;s scope, as described and claimed. Further, features and/or variations may be provided in addition to those set forth herein. For example, embodiments of the disclosure may be directed to various feature combinations and sub-combinations described in the example embodiments. 
     Example Embodiments 
     The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the following description to refer to the same or similar elements. While embodiments of the disclosure may be described, modifications, adaptations, and other implementations are possible. For example, substitutions, additions, or modifications may be made to the elements illustrated in the drawings, and the methods described herein may be modified by substituting, reordering, or adding stages to the disclosed methods. Accordingly, the following detailed description does not limit the disclosure. Instead, the proper scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims. 
     A charging system may be used to charge a battery or batteries, for example, an electric vehicle&#39;s batteries. Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, electric vehicles may comprise, but are not limited to, electric cars, neighborhood electric vehicles, fork lifts, plug-in hybrids, etc. When batteries are charged, the time required to charge the batteries may be governed by the amount of current that a charging system can deliver to the batteries. One of the limiting factors for increasing the amount of charge current to the batteries and therefore reducing the amount of charge time may be the cable that connects an electric power source to the batteries. 
     Conventional systems may use an air cooled charging cable in battery charging applications, for example, in applications where the charging current is below 200 A. As the electric charging current increases above 200 A, the corresponding required size of the charging cable used to charge the batteries may become too large, too heavy, and too inflexible for a consumer to use. Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, a liquid cooled charging cable may be provided. The liquid cooled charging cable may supply currents (e.g., 400 A to 1,000 A) that may be 2 to 5 times as much as the currents supplied by the conventional air cooled charging cable, but unlike the conventional air cooled charging cable, in a size, weight, and flexibility suitable for a consumer to use. Conventional liquid cooled charging cables electrically isolate the cooling liquid from metallic conductor components to prevent shorts between conductors or to ground through the liquid. The conventional approach limits the benefit of liquid cooling by adding a thermally insulating layer between the conductor and the cooling liquid. 
     Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, liquid coolant from a cooling device may be pumped directly around an electrical conductor (e.g., bare, uninsulated) and into an input terminal connector and an output terminal connector attached to the electrical conductor in order to cool these components. Accordingly, cooling of the electrical conductor, the input terminal connector, and the output terminal connector by the coolant may greatly limit thermal resistance in the electrical conductor, the input terminal connector, and the output terminal connector associated with these components due to heating caused by high electrical currents in the these components. 
     The liquid coolant maybe provided by either two independent isolated cooling devices or by one cooling device that has a sufficient liquid column length from the conductor to the cooling device or bifurcation point of the liquid coolant. The liquid column length along with an appropriate coolant conductivity may provide the required electrical isolation between a supply conductor and a return conductor and either of these conductors to grounded cooling pumps or associated hardware. 
       FIG. 1  shows a liquid cooled charging system  100  consistent with embodiments of the disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 1 , liquid cooled charging system  100  may comprise a source  102 , a load  104 , a liquid cooled charging cable  106 , and a cooling device  108 . Source  102  may connect to liquid cooled charging cable  106  via a source supply connection  110  and a source return connection  112 . Load  104  may connect to liquid cooled charging cable  106  via a load supply connection  114  and a load return connection  116 . Liquid cooled charging cable  106  may comprise a supply conductor  118  and a return conductor  120 . Source  102  may comprise a power supply capable of charging load  104  comprising an energy storage device, for example, a battery or bank of batteries. 
     Coolant may be provided to both supply conductor  118  and return conductor  120  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  by cooling device  108  via coolant supply conduit  122  and coolant return conduit  124 . Supply conduit  122  and coolant return conduit  124  may be made from electrically non-conductive material and may have sufficient length to minimize the leakage current to ground or between supply conductor  118  and return conductor  120 . Coolant supply conduit  122  may comprise a coolant supply conduit main section  126 , a coolant supply conduit bifurcation point  128 , a coolant supply conduit first section  130 , and a coolant supply conduit second section  132 . Coolant return conduit  124  may comprise a coolant return conduit main section  134 , a coolant return conduit bifurcation point  136 , a coolant return conduit first section  138 , and a coolant return conduit second section  140 . 
     Source  102  may connect to liquid cooled charging cable  106  via source supply connection  110  and a source return connection  112  at a source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . Load  104  may connect to liquid cooled charging cable  106  via a load supply connection  114  and a load return connection  116  at a load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . The coolant may be supplied from coolant supply conduit  122  and returned to coolant return conduit  124  at source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . 
     Cooling device  108  may pump the coolant into coolant supply conduit main section  126 . The coolant by then feed into both coolant supply conduit first section  130  and coolant supply conduit second section  132  at coolant supply conduit bifurcation point  128 . Coolant supply conduit first section  130  may feed coolant to supply conductor  118  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . Coolant supply conduit second section  132  may feed coolant to return conductor  120  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . The coolant may circulate through liquid cooled charging cable  106 . A portion of the coolant may return into coolant return conduit first section  138  and a portion of the coolant may return into coolant return conduit second section  140 . The returned coolant may come together at coolant return conduit bifurcation point  136  into coolant return conduit main section  134  and back into cooling device  108 . Cooling device  108  may cool the returned coolant that may have absorbed heat from liquid cooled charging cable  106 . Cooling device  108  may reuse the returned coolant by pumping it back into coolant supply conduit main section  126 . 
       FIG. 2  shows a liquid cooled charging system  200  consistent with embodiments of the disclosure. Liquid cooled charging system  200  may be similar to liquid cooled charging system  100 ; however, liquid cooled charging system  200  may comprise two cooling devices rather than one cooling device. As shown in  FIG. 2 , liquid cooled charging system  200  may comprise a first cooling device  202  and a second cooling device  204 . Coolant may be provided to supply conductor  118  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  by first cooling device  202  via a first coolant supply conduit  206  and returned from supply conductor  118  to first cooling device  202  via a first coolant return conduit  208 . Similarly, coolant may be provided to return conductor  120  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  by second cooling device  204  via a second coolant supply conduit  210  and returned from return conductor  120  to second cooling device  204  via a second coolant return conduit  212 . The conduits (e.g., first coolant supply conduit  206 , first coolant return conduit  208 , second coolant supply conduit  210 , and second coolant return conduit  212 ) may be made from electrically non-conductive material and have sufficient length to minimize the leakage current to ground or between supply conductor  118  and return conductor  120 . 
       FIG. 3  shows a cross-section of a liquid cooled charging cable  300 . Liquid cooled charging cable  300  may comprise liquid cooled charging cable  106  as described above with respect to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , liquid cooled charging cable  300  may comprise a jacket  302 . Jacket  302  may comprise a first supply hose  304 , a first return hose  306 , a second supply hose  308 , a second return hose  310 , a pilot cable  312 , and a ground wire  314 . First supply hose  304  may comprise a first supply sub-conductor  316 , first return hose  306  may comprise a second supply sub-conductor  318 , second supply hose  308  may comprise a first return sub-conductor  320 , and second return hose  310  may comprise a second return sub-conductor  322 . Pilot cable  312  may comprise a first pilot wire  324 , a second pilot wire  326 , and a third pilot wire  328 . 
       FIG. 4  shows a cross-section of a liquid cooled charging cable  400 . Liquid cooled charging cable  400  may comprise liquid cooled charging cable  106  as described above with respect to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , liquid cooled charging cable  400  may comprise a jacket  402 . Jacket  402  may contain a first supply hose  404 , a first return hose  406 , a second supply hose  408 , and a second return hose  410 . In addition, jacket  402  may contain a first pilot wire  412 , a second pilot wire  414 , a third pilot wire  416 , and a ground wire  418 . First supply hose  404  may comprise a supply conductor  420  and second supply hose  408  may comprise a return conductor  422 . 
     Pilot cable  312  (i.e., first pilot wire  324 , second pilot wire  326 , and third pilot wire  328 ) of  FIG. 3  may be used to send control signals or supply power to elements located at source  102  and load  104 . Similarly, first pilot wire  412 , second pilot wire  414 , and third pilot wire  416  of  FIG. 4  may be used to send control signals or supply power to elements located at source  102  and load  104 . The pilot wires may be located at the center of liquid cooled charging cable  300  as pilot cable  312  as shown in  FIG. 3  or the pilot wires may be located individually at any location within jacket  402  as shown in  FIG. 4  as pilot wire  412 , second pilot wire  414 , and third pilot wire  416 . Embodiments of the disclosure may comprise any number of pilot wires and is not limited to three. Ground wire  314  of liquid cooled charging cable  300  and ground wire  418  of liquid cooled charging cable  400  may be used to connect source  102  and load  104  and maintain them at a common ground. 
       FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B  show an output terminal  500  that may comprise load supply connection  114  and load return connection  116  as shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . Output terminal  500  may be made of an electrically conductive material. As shown in  FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B , output terminal  500  may comprise an output terminal tab  502 , a first output terminal tube  504 , and a second output terminal tube  506 . Output terminal tab  502  may comprise an output terminal tab opening  508 . First output terminal tube  504  may comprise a first output terminal tube port  510 , a plurality of first output terminal tube barbs  512 , a first output terminal tube first end  514 , and a first output terminal tube second end  516 . Second output terminal tube  506  may comprise a second output terminal tube port  518 , a plurality of second output terminal tube barbs  520 , a second output terminal tube first end  522 , and a second output terminal tube second end  524 . 
     Output terminal  500  may comprise load supply connection  114 . As described in greater detail below, output terminal  500  may be installed on supply conductor  118  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  at load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . A fastener (e.g., a bolt) may be placed through output terminal tab opening  508  in order to fasten output terminal tab  502  (load supply connection  114 ) to, for example, a positive lead of load  104 . Similarly, output terminal  500  may comprise load return connection  116 . As described in greater detail below, output terminal  500  may be installed on return conductor  120  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  at load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . A fastener (e.g., a bolt) may be placed through output terminal tab opening  508  in order to fasten output terminal tab  502  (as load return connection  116 ) to, for example, a negative lead of load  104 . 
     Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, the coolant may cool output terminal tab  502 . The coolant may enter first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube port  510 , pass through first output terminal tube  504  to first output terminal tube second end  516 , enter second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube second end  524 , and exit second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube port  518 . Consequently, the coolant may absorb heat from output terminal tab  502 . Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, the coolant may flow in an opposite direction entering second output terminal tube port  518  and exiting first output terminal tube port  510 . 
       FIG. 6A  and  FIG. 6B  show an input terminal  600  that may comprise source supply connection  110  and source return connection  112  as shown in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . Input terminal  600  may be made of an electrically conductive material. As shown in  FIG. 6A  and  FIG. 6B , input terminal  600  may comprise an input terminal tab  602 , a first input terminal tube  604 , and a second input terminal tube  606 . Input terminal tab  602  may comprise an input terminal tab opening  608 . First input terminal tube  604  may comprise a first input terminal tube port  610 , a first plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  612 , a second plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  614 , a first input terminal tube first end  616 , and a first input terminal tube second end  618 . Second input terminal tube  606  may comprise a second input terminal tube port  620 , a first plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  622 , a second plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  624 , a second input terminal tube first end  626 , and a second input terminal tube second end  628 . 
     Input terminal  600  may comprise source supply connection  110 . As described in greater detail below, input terminal  600  may be installed on supply conductor  118  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  at source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . A fastener (e.g., a bolt) may be placed through input terminal tab opening  608  in order to fasten input terminal tab  602  (source supply connection  110 ) to, for example, a positive lead of source  102 . Similarly, input terminal  600  may comprise source return connection  112 . As described in greater detail below, input terminal  600  may be installed on return conductor  120  of liquid cooled charging cable  106  at source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 . A fastener (e.g., a bolt) may be placed through input terminal tab opening  608  in order to fasten input terminal tab  602  (as source return connection  112 ) to, for example, a negative lead of source  102 . 
     Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, the coolant may cool output terminal tab  602 . The coolant may enter first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube port  610 , pass through first input terminal tube  604 , and exit first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube second end  618 . Similarly, the coolant may enter second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube port  620 , pass through second input terminal tube  606 , and exit second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628 . Consequently, the coolant may absorb heat from input terminal tab  602 . 
     Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, cooling device  108 , first cooling device  202 , and second cooling device  204  may pump the coolant into liquid cooled charging cable  106 , receive the coolant back from liquid cooled charging cable  106 , remove heat from the coolant that was received back, and then re-pump the cooled coolant back into liquid cooled charging cable  106 . The coolant may be pumped at 0.8 GPM with coolant temperature rise of 6.7 degrees C. 
     The coolant may comprise a liquid that has a low conductivity and that is capable of cooling cable  106 . For example, the coolant may provide cable  106  with: i) a calculated leakage current of 18 micro-amps for 15 feet of cable  106  at 50 micro-Siemens; and ii) a calculated power loss at  350   a  of 1.498 kw considering both supply conductor  118  and return conductor  120 . The coolant may have a −35 degrees C. freezing point, conductivity of 0.36 micro-Siemens per centimeter, and a life of 2 to 3 years. The coolant may comprise Koolance LIQ-705, manufactured by Koolance of 2840 W Valley Hwy N, Auburn, Wash. 98001. 
     Consistent with embodiments of the disclosure, cooling device  108 , first cooling device  202 , and second cooling device  204  may pump the coolant directly around a bare (e.g., no insulation, no covering, etc.) electrical conductor (e.g., first supply sub-conductor  316 , second supply sub-conductor  318 , first return sub-conductor  320 , second return sub-conductor  322 , supply conductor  420 , and return conductor  422 ), into a input terminal  600  attached to the electrical conductor, and into output terminal  500  attached to the electrical conductor in order to cool these components. Accordingly, cooling of the electrical conductor, input terminal connector  600 , and output terminal connector  500  by the coolant may limit thermal resistance in the electrical conductor, input terminal connector  600 , and output terminal connector  500  associated with these components due to heating caused by high electrical currents in these components. 
     The liquid coolant may be provided by either two independent isolated cooling devices (e.g., first cooling device  202  and second cooling device  204 ) or by one cooling device (e.g., cooling device  108 ) that has a sufficient liquid column length from the conductor (e.g., liquid cooled charging cable  106 ) to the cooling device or bifurcation point of the liquid coolant. The liquid column length along with an appropriate coolant conductivity may provide the required electrical isolation between a supply conductor (e.g., supply conductor  118 ) and a return conductor (e.g., load return connection  116 ) and either of these conductors to grounded cooling pumps (e.g., cooling device  108 , first cooling device  202 , and second cooling device  204 ). 
     Source End  142  Connections to Cooling Device  108  for the  FIG. 1  Configuration 
     One input terminal  600  may be used as source supply connection  110  on supply conductor  118  at source end  142 . For the configuration shown in  FIG. 1 , coolant supply conduit first section  130  may be connector to first input terminal tube second end  618  and over second plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  614  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube second end  618 . Also, coolant return conduit first section  138  may be connector to second input terminal tube second end  628  and over second plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  624  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628 . 
     Another input terminal  600  may be used as source return connection  112  on return conductor  120  at source end  142 . For the configuration shown in  FIG. 1 , coolant supply conduit second section  132  may be connector to first input terminal tube second end  618  and over second plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  614  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube second end  618 . Also, coolant return conduit second section  140  may be connector to second input terminal tube second end  628  and over second plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  624  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628 . 
     Source End  142  Connections to Cooling Devices for the  FIG. 2  Configuration 
     One input terminal  600  may be used as source supply connection  110  on supply conductor  118  at source end  142 . For the configuration shown in  FIG. 2 , first coolant supply conduit  206  may be connector to first input terminal tube second end  618  and over second plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  614  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube second end  618 . Also, first coolant return conduit  208  may be connector to second input terminal tube second end  628  and over second plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  624  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628 . 
     Another input terminal  600  may be used as source return connection  112  on return conductor  120  at source end  142 . For the configuration shown in  FIG. 2 , second coolant supply conduit  210  may be connector to first input terminal tube second end  618  and over second plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  614  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube second end  618 . Also, second coolant return conduit  212  may be connector to second input terminal tube second end  628  and over second plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  624  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628 . 
     Using Liquid Cooled Charging Cable  300  as Liquid Cooled Charging Cable  106  at Source End  142   
     At source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , regarding liquid cooled charging cable  300  as liquid cooled charging cable  106 , first supply sub-conductor  316  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube first end  616 . Consequently, first supply sub-conductor  316  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . First supply hose  304  may be pulled over first plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  612  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube first end  616 . Similarly, second supply sub-conductor  318  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube first end  626 . Consequently, second supply sub-conductor  318  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . First return hose  306  may be pulled over first plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  622  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube first end  626 . In this embodiment, first supply sub-conductor  316  and second supply sub-conductor  318  may together function as two parallel conductors comprising supply conductor  118 . 
     At source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , regarding liquid cooled charging cable  300  as liquid cooled charging cable  106 , first return sub-conductor  320  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube first end  616 . Consequently, first return sub-conductor  320  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . Second supply hose  308  may be pulled over first plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  612  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube first end  616 . Similarly, second return sub-conductor  322  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube first end  626 . Consequently, second return sub-conductor  322  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . Second return hose  310  may be pulled over first plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  622  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube first end  626 . In this embodiment, first return sub-conductor  320  and second return sub-conductor  322  may together function as two parallel conductors comprising return conductor  120 . 
     At Load End  144   
     One output terminal  500  may be used as Load supply connection  114  on supply conductor  118  at load end  144 . Another output terminal  500  may be used as load return connection  116  on return conductor  120  at load end  144 . 
     At load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , first supply sub-conductor  316  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube first end  514 . Consequently, first supply sub-conductor  316  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . First supply hose  304  may be pulled over plurality of first output terminal tube barbs  512  forming a watertight seal around first output terminal tube first end  514 . Similarly, second supply sub-conductor  318  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube first end  522 . Consequently, second supply sub-conductor  318  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . First return hose  306  may be pulled over plurality of second output terminal tube barbs  520  forming a watertight seal around second output terminal tube first end  522 . In this embodiment, first supply sub-conductor  316  and second supply sub-conductor  318  may together function as two parallel conductors comprising supply conductor  118 . 
     At load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , first return sub-conductor  320  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube first end  514 . Consequently, first return sub-conductor  320  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . Second supply hose  308  may be pulled over plurality of first output terminal tube barbs  512  forming a watertight seal around first output terminal tube first end  514 . Similarly, second return sub-conductor  322  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube first end  522 . Consequently, second return sub-conductor  322  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . Second return hose  310  may be pulled over plurality of second output terminal tube barbs  520  forming a watertight seal around second output terminal tube first end  522 . In this embodiment, first return sub-conductor  320  and second return sub-conductor  322  may together function as two parallel conductors comprising return conductor  120 . 
     Coolant Flow 
     For supply conductor  118 , the coolant may flow into the inside first input terminal tube  604  from first input terminal tube second end  618 . Because first input terminal tube  604  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of first input terminal tube port  610  and into first supply hose  304 . The coolant may surround first supply sub-conductor  316  and flow the length of first supply hose  304  to load end  144 . Because first supply sub-conductor  316  is immersed in the coolant, heat from first supply sub-conductor  316  may be transferred into the coolant. At load end  144 , the coolant may flow into first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube port  510  to first output terminal tube second end  516  and into second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube second end  524 . Because the coolant is in output terminal tab  502 , the coolant may also cool output terminal tab  502 . The coolant may flow out of second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube port  518  and into first return hose  306 . The coolant may flow the length of first return hose  306  back to source end  142 . Because second supply sub-conductor  318  is immersed in the coolant, heat from second supply sub-conductor  318  may be transferred into the coolant. The coolant may flow into second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube port  620 . Because second input terminal tube  606  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628  back to cooling device  108  (e.g.,  FIG. 1  configuration) or first cooling device  202  ( FIG. 2  configuration) to be cooled and reused. 
     For return conductor  120 , the coolant may flow into the inside first input terminal tube  604  from first input terminal tube second end  618 . Because first input terminal tube  604  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of first input terminal tube port  610  and into second supply hose  308 . The coolant may surround first return sub-conductor  320  and flow the length of second supply hose  308  to load end  144 . Because first return sub-conductor  320  is immersed in the coolant, heat from first return sub-conductor  320  may be transferred into the coolant. At load end  144 , the coolant may flow into first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube port  510  to first output terminal tube second end  516  and into second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube second end  524 . Because the coolant is in output terminal tab  502 , the coolant may also cool output terminal tab  502 . The coolant may flow out of second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube port  518  and into second return hose  310 . The coolant may flow the length of second return hose  310  back to source end  142 . Because second return sub-conductor  322  is immersed in the coolant, heat from second return sub-conductor  322  may be transferred into the coolant. The coolant may flow into second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube port  620 . Because second input terminal tube  606  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628  back to cooling device  108  (e.g.,  FIG. 1  configuration) or first cooling device  202  ( FIG. 2  configuration) to be cooled and reused. 
     Using Liquid Cooled Charging Cable  400  as Liquid Cooled Charging Cable  106  at Source End  142   
     One input terminal  600  may be used as source supply connection  110  on supply conductor  118  at source end  142 . Another input terminal  600  may be used as source return connection  112  on return conductor  120  at source end  142 . 
     At source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , regarding liquid cooled charging cable  400  as liquid cooled charging cable  106 , supply conductor  420  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube first end  616 . Consequently, supply conductor  420  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . First supply hose  404  may be pulled over first plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  612  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube first end  616 . Then, first return hose  406  may be pulled over first plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  622  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube first end  626 . In this embodiment, supply conductor  420  may function as supply conductor  118 . 
     At source end  142  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , regarding liquid cooled charging cable  400  as liquid cooled charging cable  106 , return conductor  422  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first input terminal tube  604  at first input terminal tube first end  616 . Consequently, first return sub-conductor  320  may be in electrical connection with input terminal tab  602 . Second supply hose  408  may be pulled over first plurality of first input terminal tube barbs  612  forming a watertight seal around first input terminal tube first end  616 . Then second return hose  410  may be pulled over first plurality of second input terminal tube barbs  622  forming a watertight seal around second input terminal tube first end  626 . In this embodiment, return conductor  422  may function as return conductor  120 . 
     At Load End  144   
     One output terminal  500  may be used as load supply connection  114  on supply conductor  118  at load end  144 . Another output terminal  500  may be used as load return connection  116  on return conductor  120  at load end  144 . 
     At load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , supply conductor  420  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube first end  514 . Consequently, supply conductor  420  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . First supply hose  404  may be pulled over plurality of first output terminal tube barbs  512  forming a watertight seal around first output terminal tube first end  514 . Then first return hose  406  may be pulled over plurality of second output terminal tube barbs  520  forming a watertight seal around second output terminal tube first end  522 . In this embodiment, supply conductor  420  may function as supply conductor  118 . 
     At load end  144  of liquid cooled charging cable  106 , return conductor  422  may be crimped or otherwise electrically attached to first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube first end  514 . Consequently, return conductor  422  may be in electrical connection with output terminal tab  502 . Second supply hose  408  may be pulled over plurality of first output terminal tube barbs  512  forming a watertight seal around first output terminal tube first end  514 . Then second return hose  410  may be pulled over plurality of second output terminal tube barbs  520  forming a watertight seal around second output terminal tube first end  522 . In this embodiment, return conductor  422  may function as return conductor  120 . 
     Coolant Flow 
     For supply conductor  118 , the coolant may flow into the inside first input terminal tube  604  from first input terminal tube second end  618 . Because first input terminal tube  604  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of first input terminal tube port  610  and into first supply hose  404 . The coolant may surround supply conductor  420  and flow the length of first supply hose  404  to load end  144 . Because supply conductor  420  is immersed in the coolant, heat from supply conductor  420  may be transferred into the coolant. At load end  144 , the coolant may flow into first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube port  510  to first output terminal tube second end  516  and into second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube second end  524 . Because the coolant is in output terminal tab  502 , the coolant may also cool output terminal tab  502 . The coolant may flow out of second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube port  518  and into first return hose  406 . The coolant may flow the length of first return hose  406  back to source end  142 . The coolant may flow into second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube port  620 . Because second input terminal tube  606  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628  back to cooling device  108  (e.g.,  FIG. 1  configuration) or first cooling device  202  ( FIG. 2  configuration) to be cooled and reused. 
     For return conductor  120 , the coolant may flow into the inside first input terminal tube  604  from first input terminal tube second end  618 . Because first input terminal tube  604  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of first input terminal tube port  610  and into second supply hose  408 . The coolant may surround return conductor  422  and flow the length of second supply hose  408  to load end  144 . Because return conductor  422  is immersed in the coolant, heat from return conductor  422  may be transferred into the coolant. At load end  144 , the coolant may flow into first output terminal tube  504  at first output terminal tube port  510  to first output terminal tube second end  516  and into second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube second end  524 . Because the coolant is in output terminal tab  502 , the coolant may also cool output terminal tab  502 . The coolant may flow out of second output terminal tube  506  at second output terminal tube port  518  and into second return hose  410 . The coolant may flow the length of second return hose  410  back to source end  142 . The coolant may flow into second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube port  620 . Because second input terminal tube  606  is connected to input terminal tab  602 , the coolant may cool input terminal tab  602 . The coolant may then flow out of second input terminal tube  606  at second input terminal tube second end  628  back to cooling device  108  (e.g.,  FIG. 1  configuration) or first cooling device  202  ( FIG. 2  configuration) to be cooled and reused. 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, are described above with reference to block diagrams and/or operational illustrations of methods, systems, and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. The functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order as shown in any flowchart. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved. 
     While the specification includes examples, the disclosure&#39;s scope is indicated by the following claims. Furthermore, while the specification has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, the claims are not limited to the features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example for embodiments of the disclosure.