Patent Publication Number: US-10329543-B2

Title: Modified stem cell memory T cells, methods of making and methods of using same

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Continuation Application of International Application No. PCT/US2017/054799 filed on Oct. 2, 2017, which claims the benefit of provisional applications U.S. Ser. No. 62/402,707 filed Sep. 30, 2016, U.S. Ser. No. 62/502,508 filed May 5, 2017, U.S. Ser. No. 62/553,058 filed Aug. 31, 2017 and U.S. Ser. No. 62/556,309 filed Sep. 8, 2017, the contents of each of which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     INCORPORATION OF SEQUENCE LISTING 
     The contents of the text filed named “POTH-012_C01US_SeqList.txt”, which was created on Nov. 13, 2017 and is 111 KB in size, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The disclosure is directed to molecular biology, and more, specifically, to methods of making and using modified stem-cell memory T cells. 
     BACKGROUND 
     There has been a long-felt but unmet need in the art for a method of producing modified stem-cell memory T cells for administration to a subject as, for example, an adoptive cell therapy. The disclosure provides a solution to this long-felt but unmet need. 
     SUMMARY 
     Unlike traditional biologics and chemotherapeutics, modified-T cells of the disclosure possess the capacity to rapidly reproduce upon antigen recognition, thereby potentially obviating the need for repeat treatments. To achieve this, modified-T cells of the disclosure must not only drive tumor destruction initially, but must also persist in the patient as a stable population of viable memory T cells to prevent potential cancer relapses. Thus, intensive efforts have been focused on the development of antigen receptor molecules that do not cause T cell exhaustion through antigen-independent (tonic) signaling, as well as of a modified-T cell product containing early memory cells, especially stem cell memory (T SCM ). Stem cell-like modified-T cells of the disclosure exhibit the greatest capacity for self-renewal and multipotent capacity to derive central memory (T CM ), effector memory (T EM ) and effector T cells (T E ), thereby producing better tumor eradication and long-term modified-T cell engraftment. Modified-T cells of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, those cells that express an antigen receptor comprising a protein scaffold of the disclosure. Modified-T cells of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, those cells that express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) (i.e. CAR-T cells of the disclosure). Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) of the disclosure may comprise one or more sequences that each specifically bind an antigen, including, but not limited to, a single chain antibody (e.g. a scFv), a sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. a VHH, referred to in the context of a CAR as a VCAR), an antibody mimic, and a Centyrin (referred to in the context of a CAR as a CARTyrin). 
     Modified cells of the disclosure may be further subjected to genomic editing. For example, a genomic editing construct may be introduced into the modified cells of the disclosure in a transposon or other means of delivery through electroporation or nucleofection and allowed to integrate into the genome of the cell during the following incubation phase. The resultant cell is a modified T cell with an edited genome that retains a stem-like phenotype. This modified T cell with an edited genome that retains a stem-like phenotype may be used as a cellular therapy. Alternatively, or in addition, modified cells of the disclosure may be subject to a first electroporation or nucleofection and a subsequent electroporation or nucleofection to introduce a genomic editing construct. 
     Specifically, the disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposase is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase, the sequence encoding the transposase is an mRNA sequence. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme. The piggyBac (PB) transposase enzyme may comprise or consist of an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 4) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEI SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTGATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RMYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGYKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPNEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 4) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEI SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTGATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RMYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGYKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPNEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at two or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at three or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at each of the following positions 30, 165, 282, and 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 30 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for an isoleucine (I). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 165 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a serine (S) for a glycine (G). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 282 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an asparagine (N). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzyme. In certain embodiments, the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzymes of the disclosure may comprise or consist of the amino acid sequence of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 wherein the amino acid substitution at position 30 is a substitution of a valine (V) for an isoleucine (I), the amino acid substitution at position 165 is a substitution of a serine (S) for a glycine (G), the amino acid substitution at position 282 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M), and the amino acid substitution at position 538 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzyme may comprise or consist of an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 5) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEV SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTSATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RVYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGTKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPKEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ or Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 3, 46, 82, 103, 119, 125, 177, 180, 185, 187, 200, 207, 209, 226, 235, 240, 241, 243, 258, 296, 298, 311, 315, 319, 327, 328, 340, 421, 436, 456, 470, 486, 503, 552, 570 and 591 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ or Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 46, 119, 125, 177, 180, 185, 187, 200, 207, 209, 226, 235, 240, 241, 243, 296, 298, 311, 315, 319, 327, 328, 340, 421, 436, 456, 470, 485, 503, 552 and 570. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 3 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an asparagine (N) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 46 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 46 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a threonine (T) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 82 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for an isoleucine (I). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 103 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 119 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 125 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 125 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a histidine (H) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 200 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 207 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 209 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 235 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 240 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 241 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 258 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tyrosine (Y) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 315 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 319 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a threonine (T). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 327 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 328 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 340 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 340 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 421 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a histidine (H) for the aspartic acid (D). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 436 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 456 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tyrosine (Y) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 485 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 552 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 570 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a threonine (T) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 591 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a glutamine (Q). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 591 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a glutamine (Q). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at two, three, four, five, six or more of positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 103 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 450 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an asparagine (N) for an aspartic acid (D). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 509 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 570 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at positions 372, 375 and 450 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R) at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4, and a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K) at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R) at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K) at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a substitution of an asparagine (N) for an aspartic acid (D) at position 450 of SEQ ID NO: 4. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the Sleeping Beauty transposase enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 6) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGKSKEISQD LRKKIVDLHK SGSSLGAISK RLKVPRSSVQ TIVRKYKHHG TTQPSYRSGR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 RRYLSPRDER TLVRKVQINP RTTAKDLVKM LEETGTKVSI STVKRVLYRH NLKGRSARKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PLLQNRHKKA RLRFATAHGD KDRTFWRNVL WSDETKIELF GHNDHRYVWR KKGEACKPKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 TIPTVKHGGG SIMLWGCFAA GGTGALHKID GIMRKENYVD ILKQHLKTSV RKLKLGRKWV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FQMDNDPKHT SKVVAKWLKD NKVKVLEWPS QSPDLNPIEN LWAELKKRVR ARRPTNLTQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 HQLCQEEWAK IHPTYCGKLV EGYPKRLTQV KQFKGNATKY. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the hyperactive Sleeping Beauty (SB100X) transposase enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 7) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGKSKEISQD LRKRIVDLHK SGSSLGAISK RLAVPRSSVQ TIVRKYKHHG TTQPSYRSGR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 RRYLSPRDER TLVRKVQINP RTTAKDLVKM LEETGTKVSI STVKRVLYRH NLKGHSARKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PLLQNRHKKA RLRFATAHGD KDRTFWRNVL WSDETKIELF GHNDHRYVWR KKGEACKPKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 TIPTVKHGGG SIMLWGCFAA GGTGALHKID GIMDAVQYVD ILKQHLKTSV RKLKLGRKWV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FQHDNDPKHT SKVVAKWLKD NKVKVLEWPS QSPDLNPIEN LWAELKKRVR ARRPTNLTQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 HQLCQEEWAK IHPNYCGKLV EGYPKRLTQV KQFKGNATKY. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. Helitron transposases mobilize the Helraiser transposon, an ancient element from the bat genome that was active about 30 to 36 million years ago. An exemplary Helraiser transposon of the disclosure includes Helibat1, which comprises a nucleic acid sequence comprising: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 27) 
                   
               
               
                    1 TCCTATATAA TAAAAGAGAA ACATGCAAAT TGACCATCCC TCCGCTACGC TCAAGCCACG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 CCCACCAGCC AATCAGAAGT GACTATGCAA ATTAACCCAA CAAAGATGGC AGTTAAATTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 GCATACGCAG GTGTCAAGCG CCCCAGGAGG CAACGGCGGC CGCGGGCTCC CAGGACCTTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 GCTGGCCCCG GGAGGCGAGG CCGGCCGCGC CTAGCCACAC CCGCGGGCTC CCGGGACCTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 CGCCAGCAGA GAGCAGAGCG GGAGAGCGGG CGGAGAGCGG GAGGTTTGGA GGACTTGGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 GAGCAGGAGG CCGCTGGACA TAGAGCAGAG CGAGAGAGAG GGTGGCTTGG AGGGCGTGGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 TCCCTCTGTC ACCCCAGCTT CCTCATCACA GCTGTGGAAA CTGACAGCAG GGAGGAGGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 GTCCCACCCC CACAGAATCA GCCAGAATCA GCCGTTGGTC AGACAGCTCT CAGCGGCCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 ACAGCCAGGA CTCTCATTCA CCTGCATCTC AGACCGTGAC AGTAGAGAGG TGGGACTATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 TCTAAAGAAC AACTGTTGAT ACAACGTAGC TCTGCAGCCG AAAGATGCCG GCGTTATCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 CAGAAAATGT CTGCAGAGCA ACGTGCGTCT GATCTTGAAA GAAGGCGGCG CCTGCAACAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 AATGTATCTG AAGAGCAGCT ACTGGAAAAA CGTCGCTCTG AAGCCGAAAA ACAGCGGCGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 CATCGACAGA AAATGTCTAA AGACCAACGT GCCTTTGAAG TTGAAAGAAG GCGGTGGCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 CGACAGAATA TGTCTAGAGA ACAGTCATCA ACAAGTACTA CCAATACCGG TAGGAACTGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 CTTCTCAGCA AAAATGGAGT ACATGAGGAT GCAATTCTCG AACATAGTTG TGGTGGAATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 ACTGTTCGAT GTGAATTTTG CCTATCACTA AATTTCTCTG ATGAAAAACC ATCCGATGGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 AAATTTACTC GATGTTGTAG CAAAGGGAAA GTCTGTCCAA ATGATATACA TTTTCCAGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 TACCCGGCAT ATTTAAAAAG ATTAATGACA AACGAAGATT CTGACAGTAA AAATTTCATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 GAAAATATTC GTTCCATAAA TAGTTCTTTT GCTTTTGCTT CCATGGGTGC AAATATTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 TCGCCATCAG GATATGGGCC ATACTGTTTT AGAATACACG GACAAGTTTA TCACCGTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 GGAACTTTAC ATCCTTCGGA TGGTGTTTCT CGGAAGTTTG CTCAACTCTA TATTTTGGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 ACAGCCGAAG CTACAAGTAA AAGATTAGCA ATGCCAGAAA ACCAGGGCTG CTCAGAAAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 CTCATGATCA ACATCAACAA CCTCATGCAT GAAATAAATG AATTAACAAA ATCGTACAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 ATGCTACATG AGGTAGAAAA GGAAGCCCAA TCTGAAGCAG CAGCAAAAGG TATTGCTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 ACAGAAGTAA CAATGGCGAT TAAATACGAT CGTAACAGTG ACCCAGGTAG ATATAATTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1501 CCCCGTGTAA CCGAGGTTGC TGTCATATTC AGAAACGAAG ATGGAGAACC TCCTTTTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1561 AGGGACTTGC TCATTCATTG TAAACCAGAT CCCAATAATC CAAATGCCAC TAAAATGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1621 CAAATCAGTA TCCTGTTTCC TACATTAGAT GCAATGACAT ATCCTATTCT TTTTCCACAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1681 GGTGAAAAAG GCTGGGGAAC AGATATTGCA TTAAGACTCA GAGACAACAG TGTAATCGAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1741 AATAATACTA GACAAAATGT AAGGACACGA GTCACACAAA TGCAGTATTA TGGATTTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1801 CTCTCTGTGC GGGACACGTT CAATCCTATT TTAAATGCAG GAAAATTAAC TCAACAGTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1861 ATTGTGGATT CATATTCAAA AATGGAGGCC AATCGGATAA ATTTCATCAA AGCAAACCAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1921 TCTAAGTTGA GAGTTGAAAA ATATAGTGGT TTGATGGATT ATCTCAAATC TAGATCTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1981 AATGACAATG TGCCGATTGG TAAAATGATA ATACTTCCAT CATCTTTTGA GGGTAGTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2041 AGAAATATGC AGCAGCGATA TCAGGATGCT ATGGCAATTG TAACGAAGTA TGGCAAGCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2101 GATTTATTCA TAACCATGAC ATGCAACCCC AAATGGGCAG ATATTACAAA CAATTTACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2161 CGCTGGCAAA AAGTTGAAAA CAGACCTGAC TTGGTAGCCA GAGTTTTTAA TATTAAGCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2221 AATGCTCTTT TAAATGATAT ATGTAAATTC CATTTATTTG GCAAAGTAAT AGCTAAAATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2281 CATGTCATTG AATTTCAGAA ACGCGGACTG CCTCACGCTC ACATATTATT GATATTAGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2341 AGTGAGTCCA AATTACGTTC AGAAGATGAC ATTGACCGTA TAGTTAAGGC AGAAATTCCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2401 GATGAAGACC AGTGTCCTCG ACTTTTTCAA ATTGTAAAAT CAAATATGGT ACATGGACCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2461 TGTGGAATAC AAAATCCAAA TAGTCCATGT ATGGAAAATG GAAAATGTTC AAAGGGATAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2521 CCAAAAGAAT TTCAAAATGC GACCATTGGA AATATTGATG GATATCCCAA ATACAAACGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2581 AGATCTGGTA GCACCATGTC TATTGGAAAT AAAGTTGTCG ATAACACTTG GATTGTCCCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2641 TATAACCCGT ATTTGTGCCT TAAATATAAC TGTCATATAA ATGTTGAAGT CTGTGCATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2701 ATTAAAAGTG TCAAATATTT ATTTAAATAC ATCTATAAAG GGCACGATTG TGCAAATATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2761 CAAATTTCTG AAAAAAATAT TATCAATCAT GACGAAGTAC AGGACTTCAT TGACTCCAGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2821 TATGTGAGCG CTCCTGAGGC TGTTTGGAGA CTTTTTGCAA TGCGAATGCA TGACCAATCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2881 CATGCAATCA CAAGATTAGC TATTCATTTG CCAAATGATC AGAATTTGTA TTTTCATACC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2941 GATGATTTTG CTGAAGTTTT AGATAGGGCT AAAAGGCATA ACTCGACTTT GATGGCTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3001 TTCTTATTGA ATAGAGAAGA TTCTGATGCA CGTAATTATT ATTATTGGGA GATTCCACAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3061 CATTATGTGT TTAATAATTC TTTGTGGACA AAACGCCGAA AGGGTGGGAA TAAAGTATTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3121 GGTAGACTGT TCACTGTGAG CTTTAGAGAA CCAGAACGAT ATTACCTTAG ACTTTTGCTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3181 CTGCATGTAA AAGGTGCGAT AAGTTTTGAG GATCTGCGAA CTGTAGGAGG TGTAACTTAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3241 GATACATTTC ATGAAGCTGC TAAACACCGA GGATTATTAC TTGATGACAC TATCTGGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3301 GATACGATTG ACGATGCAAT CATCCTTAAT ATGCCCAAAC AACTACGGCA ACTTTTTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3361 TATATATGTG TGTTTGGATG TCCTTCTGCT GCAGACAAAT TATGGGATGA GAATAAATCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3421 CATTTTATTG AAGATTTCTG TTGGAAATTA CACCGAAGAG AAGGTGCCTG TGTGAACTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3481 GAAATGCATG CCCTTAACGA AATTCAGGAG GTATTCACAT TGCATGGAAT GAAATGTTCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3541 CATTTCAAAC TTCCGGACTA TCCTTTATTA ATGAATGCAA ATACATGTGA TCAATTGTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3601 GAGCAACAAC AGGCAGAGGT TTTGATAAAT TCTCTGAATG ATGAACAGTT GGCAGCCTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3661 CAGACTATAA CTTCAGCCAT CGAAGATCAA ACTGTACACC CCAAATGCTT TTTCTTGGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3721 GGTCCAGGTG GTAGTGGAAA AACATATCTG TATAAAGTTT TAACACATTA TATTAGAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3781 CGTGGTGGTA CTGTTTTACC CACAGCATCT ACAGGAATTG CTGCAAATTT ACTTCTTGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3841 GGAAGAACCT TTCATTCCCA ATATAAATTA CCAATTCCAT TAAATGAAAC TTCAATTTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3901 AGACTCGATA TAAAGAGTGA AGTTGCTAAA ACCATTAAAA AGGCCCAACT TCTCATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3961 GATGAATGCA CCATGGCATC CAGTCATGCT ATAAACGCCA TAGATAGATT ACTAAGAGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4021 ATTATGAATT TGAATGTTGC ATTTGGTGGG AAAGTTCTCC TTCTCGGAGG GGATTTTCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4081 CAATGTCTCA GTATTGTACC ACATGCTATG CGATCGGCCA TAGTACAAAC GAGTTTAAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4141 TACTGTAATG TTTGGGGATG TTTCAGAAAG TTGTCTCTTA AAACAAATAT GAGATCAGAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4201 GATTCTGCTT ATAGTGAATG GTTAGTAAAA CTTGGAGATG GCAAACTTGA TAGCAGTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4261 CATTTAGGAA TGGATATTAT TGAAATCCCC CATGAAATGA TTTGTAACGG ATCTATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4321 GAAGCTACCT TTGGAAATAG TATATCTATA GATAATATTA AAAATATATC TAAACGTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4381 ATTCTTTGTC CAAAAAATGA GCATGTTCAA AAATTAAATG AAGAAATTTT GGATATACTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4441 GATGGAGATT TTCACACATA TTTGAGTGAT GATTCCATTG ATTCAACAGA TGATGCTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4501 AAGGAAAATT TTCCCATCGA ATTTCTTAAT AGTATTACTC CTTCGGGAAT GCCGTGTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4561 AAATTAAAAT TGAAAGTGGG TGCAATCATC ATGCTATTGA GAAATCTTAA TAGTAAATGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4621 GGTCTTTGTA ATGGTACTAG ATTTATTATC AAAAGATTAC GACCTAACAT TATCGAAGCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4681 GAAGTATTAA CAGGATCTGC AGAGGGAGAG GTTGTTCTGA TTCCAAGAAT TGATTTGTCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4741 CCATCTGACA CTGGCCTCCC ATTTAAATTA ATTCGAAGAC AGTTTCCCGT GATGCCAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4801 TTTGCGATGA CTATTAATAA ATCACAAGGA CAAACTCTAG ACAGAGTAGG AATATTCCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4861 CCTGAACCCG TTTTCGCACA TGGTCAGTTA TATGTTGCTT TCTCTCGAGT TCGAAGAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4921 TGTGACGTTA AAGTTAAAGT TGTAAATACT TCATCACAAG GGAAATTAGT CAAGCACTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4981 GAAAGTGTTT TTACTCTTAA TGTGGTATAC AGGGAGATAT TAGAATAAGT TTAATCACTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5041 TATCAGTCAT TGTTTGCATC AATGTTGTTT TTATATCATG TTTTTGTTGT TTTTATATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5101 TGTCTTTGTT GTTGTTATAT CATGTTGTTA TTGTTTATTT ATTAATAAAT TTATGTATTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5161 TTTTCATATA CATTTTACTC ATTTCCTTTC ATCTCTCACA CTTCTATTAT AGAGAAAGGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5221 CAAATAGCAA TATTAAAATA TTTCCTCTAA TTAATTCCCT TTCAATGTGC ACGAATTTCG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5281 TGCACCGGGC CACTAG. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Unlike other transposases, the Helitron transposase does not contain an RNase-H like catalytic domain, but instead comprises a RepHel motif made up of a replication initiator domain (Rep) and a DNA helicase domain. The Rep domain is a nuclease domain of the HUH superfamily of nucleases. 
     An exemplary Helitron transposase of the disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence comprising: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 28) 
                   
               
               
                    1 MSKEQLLIQR SSAAERCRRY RQKMSAEQRA SDLERRRRLQ QNVSEEQLLE KRRSEAEKQR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 RHRQKMSKDQ RAFEVERRRW RRQNMSREQS STSTTNTGRN CLLSKNGVHE DAILEHSCGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 MTVRCEFCLS LNFSDEKPSD GKFTRCCSKG KVCPNDIHFP DYPAYLKRLM TNEDSDSKNF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 MENIRSINSS FAFASMGANI ASPSGYGPYC FRIHGQVYHR TGTLHPSDGV SRKFAQLYIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 DTAEATSKRL AMPENQGCSE RLMININNLM HEINELTKSY KMLHEVEKEA QSEAAAKGIA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 PTEVTMAIKY DRNSDPGRYN SPRVTEVAVI FRNEDGEPPF ERDLLIHCKP DPNNPNATKM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 KQISILFPTL DAMTYPILFP HGEKGWGTDI ALRLRDNSVI DNNTRQNVRT RVTQMQYYGF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 HLSVRDTFNP ILNAGKLTQQ FIVDSYSKME ANRINFIKAN QSKLRVEKYS GLMDYLKSRS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 ENDNVPIGKM IILPSSFEGS PRNMQQRYQD AMAIVTKYGK PDLFITMTCN PKWADITNNL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 QRWQKVENRP DLVARVFNIK LNALLNDICK FHLFGKVIAK IHVIEFQKRG LPHAHILLIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 DSESKLRSED DIDRIVKAEI PDEDQCPRLF QIVKSNMVHG PCGIQNPNSP CMENGKCSKG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 YPKEFQNATI GNIDGYPKYK RRSGSTMSIG NKVVDNTWIV PYNPYLCLKY NCHINVEVCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 SIKSVKYLFK YIYKGHDCAN IQISEKNIIN HDEVQDFIDS RYVSAPEAVW RLFAMRMHDQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 SHAITRLAIH LPNDQNLYFH TDDFAEVLDR AKRHNSTLMA WFLLNREDSD ARNYYYWEIP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 QHYVFNNSLW TKRRKGGNKV LGRLFTVSFR EPERYYLRLL LLHVKGAISF EDLRTVGGVT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 YDTFHEAAKH RGLLLDDTIW KDTIDDAIIL NMPKQLRQLF AYICVFGCPS AADKLWDENK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 SHFIEDFCWK LHRREGACVN CEMHALNEIQ EVFTLHGMKC SHFKLPDYPL LMNANTCDQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 YEQQQAEVLI NSLNDEQLAA FQTITSAIED QTVHPKCFFL DGPGGSGKTY LYKVLTHYIR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 GRGGTVLPTA STGIAANLLL GGRTFHSQYK LPIPLNETSI SRLDIKSEVA KTIKKAQLLI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 IDECTMASSH AINAIDRLLR EIMNLNVAFG GKVLLLGGDF RQCLSIVPHA MRSAIVQTSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 KYCNVWGCFR KLSLKTNMRS EDSAYSEWLV KLGDGKLDSS FHLGMDIIEI PHEMICNGSI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 IEATFGNSIS IDNIKNISKR AILCPKNEHV QKLNEEILDI LDGDFHTYLS DDSIDSTDDA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 EKENFPIEFL NSITPSGMPC HKLKLKVGAI IMLLRNLNSK WGLCNGTRFI IKRLRPNIIE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 AEVLTGSAEG EVVLIPRIDL SPSDTGLPFK LIRRQFPVMP AFAMTINKSQ GQTLDRVGIF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 LPEPVFAHGQ LYVAFSRVRR ACDVKVKVVN TSSQGKLVKH SESVFTLNVV YREILE. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Helitron transpositions, a hairpin close to the 3′ end of the transposon functions as a terminator. However, this hairpin can be bypassed by the transposase, resulting in the transduction of flanking sequences. In addition, Helraiser transposition generates covalently closed circular intermediates. Furthermore, Helitron transpositions can lack target site duplications. In the Helraiser sequence, the transposase is flanked by left and right terminal sequences termed LTS and RTS. These sequences terminate with a conserved 5′-TC/CTAG-3′ motif. A 19 bp palindromic sequence with the potential to form the hairpin termination structure is located 11 nucleotides upstream of the RTS and consists of the sequence GTGCACGAATTTCGTGCACCGGGCCACTAG (SEQ ID NO: 29). 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. Tol2 transposons may be isolated or derived from the genome of the medaka fish, and may be similar to transposons of the hAT family. Exemplary Tol2 transposons of the disclosure are encoded by a sequence comprising about 4.7 kilobases and contain a gene encoding the Tol2 transposase, which contains four exons. An exemplary Tol2 transposase of the disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence comprising the following: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 30) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MEEVCDSSAA ASSTVQNQPQ DQEHPWPYLR EFFSLSGVNK DSFKMKCVLC LPLNKEISAF 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 KSSPSNLRKH IERMHPNYLK NYSKLTAQKR KIGTSTHASS SKQLKVDSVF PVKHVSPVTV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 NKAILRYIIQ GLHPFSTVDL PSFKELISTL QPGISVITRP TLRSKIAEAA LIMKQKVTAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 MSEVEWIATT TDCWTARRKS FIGVTAHWIN PGSLERHSAA LACKRLMGSH TFEVLASAMN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 DIHSEYEIRD KVVCTTTDSG SNFMKAFRVF GVENNDIETE ARRCESDDTD SEGCGEGSDG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 VEFQDASRVL DQDDGFEFQL PKHQKCACHL LNLVSSVDAQ KALSNEHYKK LYRSVFGKCQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 ALWNKSSRSA LAAEAVESES RLQLLRPNQT RWNSTFMAVD RILQICKEAG EGALRNICTS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 LEVPMFNPAE MLFLTEWANT MRPVAKVLDI LQAETNTQLG WLLPSVHQLS LKLQRLHHSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 RYCDPLVDAL QQGIQTRFKH MFEDPEIIAA AILLPKFRTS WTNDETIIKR GMDYIRVHLE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PLDHKKELAN SSSDDEDFFA SLKPTTHEAS KELDGYLACV SDTRESLLTF PAICSLSIKT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 601 NTPLPASAAC ERLFSTAGLL FSPKRARLDT NNFENQLLLK LNLRFYNFE. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     An exemplary Tol2 transposon of the disclosure, including inverted repeats, subterminal sequences and the Tol2 transposase, is encoded by a nucleic acid sequence comprising the following: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 31) 
                   
               
               
                    1 CAGAGGTGTA AAGTACTTGA GTAATTTTAC TTGATTACTG TACTTAAGTA TTATTTTTGG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 GGATTTTTAC TTTACTTGAG TACAATTAAA AATCAATACT TTTACTTTTA CTTAATTACA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 TTTTTTTAGA AAAAAAAGTA CTTTTTACTC CTTACAATTT TATTTACAGT CAAAAAGTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 TTATTTTTTG GAGATCACTT CATTCTATTT TCCCTTGCTA TTACCAAACC AATTGAATTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 CGCTGATGCC CAGTTTAATT TAAATGTTAT TTATTCTGCC TATGAAAATC GTTTTCACAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 TATATGAAAT TGGTCAGACA TGTTCATTGG TCCTTTGGAA GTGACGTCAT GTCACATCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 TTACCACAAT GCACAGCACC TTGACCTGGA AATTAGGGAA ATTATAACAG TCAATCAGTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 GAAGAAAATG GAGGAAGTAT GTGATTCATC AGCAGCTGCG AGCAGCACAG TCCAAAATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 GCCACAGGAT CAAGAGCACC CGTGGCCGTA TCTTCGCGAA TTCTTTTCTT TAAGTGGTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 AAATAAAGAT TCATTCAAGA TGAAATGTGT CCTCTGTCTC CCGCTTAATA AAGAAATATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 GGCCTTCAAA AGTTCGCCAT CAAACCTAAG GAAGCATATT GAGGTAAGTA CATTAAGTAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 TTTGTTTTAC TGATAGTTTT TTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT TTTTTGGGTG TGCATGTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 GACGTTGATG GCGCGCCTTT TATATGTGTA GTAGGCCTAT TTTCACTAAT GCATGCGATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 GACAATATAA GGCTCACGTA ATAAAATGCT AAAATGCATT TGTAATTGGT AACGTTAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 CCACGGGAAA TTTGGCGCCT ATTGCAGCTT TGAATAATCA TTATCATTCC GTGCTCTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 TGTGTTTGAA TTCATGCAAA ACACAAGAAA ACCAAGCGAG AAATTTTTTT CCAAACATGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 TGTATTGTCA AAACGGTAAC ACTTTACAAT GAGGTTGATT AGTTCATGTA TTAACTAACA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 TTAAATAACC ATGAGCAATA CATTTGTTAC TGTATCTGTT AATCTTTGTT AACGTTAGTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 AATAGAAATA CAGATGTTCA TTGTTTGTTC ATGTTAGTTC ACAGTGCATT AACTAATGTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 AACAAGATAT AAAGTATTAG TAAATGTTGA AATTAACATG TATACGTGCA GTTCATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 AGTTCATGTT AACTAATGTA GTTAACTAAC GAACCTTATT GTAAAAGTGT TACCATCAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 ACTAATGTAA TGAAATCAAT TCACCCTGTC ATGTCAGCCT TACAGTCCTG TGTTTTTGTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 AATATAATCA GAAATAAAAT TAATGTTTGA TTGTCACTAA ATGCTACTGT ATTTCTAAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 TCAACAAGTA TTTAACATTA TAAAGTGTGC AATTGGCTGC AAATGTCAGT TTTATTAAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 GGTTAGTTCA CCCAAAAATG AAAATAATGT CATTAATGAC TCGCCCTCAT GTCGTTCCAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1501 GCCCGTAAGA CCTCCGTTCA TCTTCAGAAC ACAGTTTAAG ATATTTTAGA TTTAGTCCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1561 GAGCTTTCTG TGCCTCCATT GAGAATGTAT GTACGGTATA CTGTCCATGT CCAGAAAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1621 AATAAAAACA TCAAAGTAGT CCATGTGACA TCAGTGGGTT AGTTAGAATT TTTTGAAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1681 TCGAATACAT TTTGGTCCAA AAATAACAAA ACCTACGACT TTATTCGGCA TTGTATTCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1741 TTCCGGGTCT GTTGTCAATC CGCGTTCACG ACTTCGCAGT GACGCTACAA TGCTGAATAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1801 AGTCGTAGGT TTTGTTATTT TTGGACCAAA ATGTATTTTC GATGCTTCAA ATAATTCTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1861 CTAACCCACT GATGTCACAT GGACTACTTT GATGTTTTTA TTACCTTTCT GGACATGGAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1921 AGTATACCGT ACATACATTT TCAGTGGAGG GACAGAAAGC TCTCGGACTA AATCTAAAAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1981 ATCTTAAACT GTGTTCCGAA GATGAACGGA GGTGTTACGG GCTTGGAACG ACATGAGGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2041 GAGTCATTAA TGACATCTTT TCATTTTTGG GTGAACTAAC CCTTTAATGC TGTAATCAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2101 GAGTGTATGT GTAATTGTTA CATTTATTGC ATACAATATA AATATTTATT TGTTGTTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2161 ACAGAGAATG CACCCAAATT ACCTCAAAAA CTACTCTAAA TTGACAGCAC AGAAGAGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2221 GATCGGGACC TCCACCCATG CTTCCAGCAG TAAGCAACTG AAAGTTGACT CAGTTTTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2281 AGTCAAACAT GTGTCTCCAG TCACTGTGAA CAAAGCTATA TTAAGGTACA TCATTCAAGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2341 ACTTCATCCT TTCAGCACTG TTGATCTGCC ATCATTTAAA GAGCTGATTA GTACACTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2401 GCCTGGCATT TCTGTCATTA CAAGGCCTAC TTTACGCTCC AAGATAGCTG AAGCTGCTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2461 GATCATGAAA CAGAAAGTGA CTGCTGCCAT GAGTGAAGTT GAATGGATTG CAACCACAAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2521 GGATTGTTGG ACTGCACGTA GAAAGTCATT CATTGGTGTA ACTGCTCACT GGATCAACCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2581 TGGAAGTCTT GAAAGACATT CCGCTGCACT TGCCTGCAAA AGATTAATGG GCTCTCATAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2641 TTTTGAGGTA CTGGCCAGTG CCATGAATGA TATCCACTCA GAGTATGAAA TACGTGACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2701 GGTTGTTTGC ACAACCACAG ACAGTGGTTC CAACTTTATG AAGGCTTTCA GAGTTTTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2761 TGTGGAAAAC AATGATATCG AGACTGAGGC AAGAAGGTGT GAAAGTGATG ACACTGATTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2821 TGAAGGCTGT GGTGAGGGAA GTGATGGTGT GGAATTCCAA GATGCCTCAC GAGTCCTGGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2881 CCAAGACGAT GGCTTCGAAT TCCAGCTACC AAAACATCAA AAGTGTGCCT GTCACTTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2941 TAACCTAGTC TCAAGCGTTG ATGCCCAAAA AGCTCTCTCA AATGAACACT ACAAGAAACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3001 CTACAGATCT GTCTTTGGCA AATGCCAAGC TTTATGGAAT AAAAGCAGCC GATCGGCTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3061 AGCAGCTGAA GCTGTTGAAT CAGAAAGCCG GCTTCAGCTT TTAAGGCCAA ACCAAACGCG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3121 GTGGAATTCA ACTTTTATGG CTGTTGACAG AATTCTTCAA ATTTGCAAAG AAGCAGGAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3181 AGGCGCACTT CGGAATATAT GCACCTCTCT TGAGGTTCCA ATGTAAGTGT TTTTCCCCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3241 TATCGATGTA AACAAATGTG GGTTGTTTTT GTTTAATACT CTTTGATTAT GCTGATTTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3301 CCTGTAGGTT TAATCCAGCA GAAATGCTGT TCTTGACAGA GTGGGCCAAC ACAATGCGTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3361 CAGTTGCAAA AGTACTCGAC ATCTTGCAAG CGGAAACGAA TACACAGCTG GGGTGGCTGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3421 TGCCTAGTGT CCATCAGTTA AGCTTGAAAC TTCAGCGACT CCACCATTCT CTCAGGTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3481 GTGACCCACT TGTGGATGCC CTACAACAAG GAATCCAAAC ACGATTCAAG CATATGTTTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3541 AAGATCCTGA GATCATAGCA GCTGCCATCC TTCTCCCTAA ATTTCGGACC TCTTGGACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3601 ATGATGAAAC CATCATAAAA CGAGGTAAAT GAATGCAAGC AACATACACT TGACGAATTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3661 TAATCTGGGC AACCTTTGAG CCATACCAAA ATTATTCTTT TATTTATTTA TTTTTGCACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3721 TTTTAGGAAT GTTATATCCC ATCTTTGGCT GTGATCTCAA TATGAATATT GATGTAAAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3781 ATTCTTGCAG CAGGTTGTAG TTATCCCTCA GTGTTTCTTG AAACCAAACT CATATGTATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3841 ATATGTGGTT TGGAAATGCA GTTAGATTTT ATGCTAAAAT AAGGGATTTG CATGATTTTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3901 GATGTAGATG ACTGCACGTA AATGTAGTTA ATGACAAAAT CCATAAAATT TGTTCCCAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3961 CAGAAGCCCC TCAACCAAAC TTTTCTTTGT GTCTGCTCAC TGTGCTTGTA GGCATGGACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4021 ACATCAGAGT GCATCTGGAG CCTTTGGACC ACAAGAAGGA ATTGGCCAAC AGTTCATCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4081 ATGATGAAGA TTTTTTCGCT TCTTTGAAAC CGACAACACA TGAAGCCAGC AAAGAGTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4141 ATGGATATCT GGCCTGTGTT TCAGACACCA GGGAGTCTCT GCTCACGTTT CCTGCTATTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4201 GCAGCCTCTC TATCAAGACT AATACACCTC TTCCCGCATC GGCTGCCTGT GAGAGGCTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4261 TCAGCACTGC AGGATTGCTT TTCAGCCCCA AAAGAGCTAG GCTTGACACT AACAATTTTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4321 AGAATCAGCT TCTACTGAAG TTAAATCTGA GGTTTTACAA CTTTGAGTAG CGTGTACTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4381 CATTAGATTG TCTGTCTTAT AGTTTGATAA TTAAATACAA ACAGTTCTAA AGCAGGATAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4441 AACCTTGTAT GCATTTCATT TAATGTTTTT TGAGATTAAA AGCTTAAACA AGAATCTCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4501 GTTTTCTTTC TTGCTTTTAC TTTTACTTCC TTAATACTCA AGTACAATTT TAATGGAGTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4561 CTTTTTTACT TTTACTCAAG TAAGATTCTA GCCAGATACT TTTACTTTTA ATTGAGTAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4621 ATTTTCCCTA AGTACTTGTA CTTTCACTTG AGTAAAATTT TTGAGTACTT TTTACACCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4681 TG. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a composition comprising a plurality of modified T SCM  and a plurality of modified T CM , wherein the plurality of modified T SCM  expresses one or more CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ and the plurality of modified T CM  expresses one or more CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L, thereby producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified T SCM  and a plurality of modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon may be derived or recombined from any species. Alternatively, or in addition, the transposon may be synthetic. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the antigen receptor is a T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor comprises one or more mutation(s) compared to a wild-type T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor is a recombinant T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments of this method, the antigen receptor is a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those wherein the method comprises introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase, the methods further comprise introducing into a primary human T cell (c) a second transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising a therapeutic protein, to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell is capable of expressing the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic protein is a secretable protein and the method produces a modified T cell capable of secreting the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the transposase composition of (b) transposes the transposon of (a) and the transposon of (c). In certain embodiments, this methods further comprises introducing into the primary human T cell (d) a second transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase. In certain embodiments, the second transposase composition transposes the transposon of (c). In certain embodiments, the transposase composition of (b) transposes the transposon of (a) and the transposase composition of (d) transposes the transposon of (c). In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the modified T-cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, wherein the activated modified T-cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated modified T-cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated modified T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated modified T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the modified T-cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (c) contacting the activated modified T-cell and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 60% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 60% of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step further comprises contacting the isolated modified T SCM  and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded enriched modified T SCM . In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the modified T-cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, wherein the activated modified T-cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a central memory T-cell (T CM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified central memory T-cell (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated modified T-cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T-cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated modified T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of activated modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated modified T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure of producing a modified central memory T cell (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the modified T-cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (c) contacting the activated modified T-cell and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 60% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 60% of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step further comprises contacting the isolated modified T CM  and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded enriched modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a composition comprising a plurality of activated modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of activated modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), wherein the plurality of activated modified T SCM  expresses one or more CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ and the plurality of activated modified T CM  expresses one or more CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L, thereby producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified T SCM  and a plurality of modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition. 
     In certain embodiments of methods of the disclosure of producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a composition comprising a plurality of activated modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of activated modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. In certain embodiments, this method further comprises the step of (c) contacting the composition the plurality of activated modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and the plurality of activated modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) with a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein the plurality of expanded modified T SCM  expresses one or more CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ and the plurality of expanded modified T CM  expresses one or more CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L, thereby producing a composition comprising a plurality of expanded modified T SCM  and a plurality of expanded modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells or isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells and isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments of this method, the enriching step further comprises contacting the composition comprising the isolated modified T SCM  and the isolated modified T CM  with a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a composition comprising a plurality of expanded enriched modified T SCM  and a plurality of expanded enriched modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, the introducing step comprises a homologous recombination. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of at least one primary T cell of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of a portion of primary T cells of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments, the portion of primary T cells is at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage in between of the total number of primary T cells in the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of each primary T cell of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition induces a single strand break. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition induces a double strand break. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the introduction step further comprises a donor sequence composition. In certain embodiments, the donor sequence composition comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the donor sequence composition comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor, a 5′ genomic sequence and a 3′ genomic sequence, wherein the 5′ genomic sequence is homologous or identical to a genomic sequence of the primary T cell that is 5′ to the break point induced by the genomic editing composition and the 3′ genomic sequence is homologous or identical to a genomic sequence of the primary T cell that is 3′ to the break point induced by the genomic editing composition. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition and donor sequence composition are contacted with the genomic sequence simultaneously or sequentially. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition and donor sequence composition are contacted with the genomic sequence sequentially, and the genomic editing composition is provided first. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition comprises a sequence encoding a DNA binding domain and a sequence encoding a nuclease domain. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition comprises a DNA binding domain and a nuclease domain. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a guide RNA (gRNA). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a DNA-binding domain of a TALEN. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a DNA-binding domain of a ZFN. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises a Cas9 nuclease or a sequence thereof. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises an inactive Cas9 (SEQ ID NO: 33, comprising a substitution of a Alanine (A) for Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A) and a substitution of Alanine (A) for Histidine (H) at position 840 (H840A)). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises a short and inactive Cas9 (SEQ ID NO: 32, comprising a substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A) and a substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Asparagine (N) at position 540 (N540A)). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the type IIS endonuclease comprises AciI, Mn1I, AlwI, BbvI, BccI, BceAI, BsmAI, BsmFI, BspCNI, BsrI, BtsCI, HgaI, HphI, HpyAV, Mbo1I, My1I, PleI, SfaNI, AcuI, BciVI, BfuAI, BmgBI, BmrI, BpmI, BpuEI, BsaI, BseRI, BsgI, BsmI, BspMI, BsrBI, BsrBI, BsrDI, BtgZI, BtsI, EarI, EciI, MmeI, NmeAIII, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BspQI, SapI, BaeI, BsaXI, CspCI, BfiI, MboII, Acc36I, FokI or Clo051. In certain embodiments, the type IIS endonuclease comprises Clo051. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a TALEN or a nuclease domain thereof. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a ZFN or a nuclease domain thereof. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition induces a break in a genomic sequence and the donor sequence composition is inserted using the endogenous DNA repair mechanisms of the primary T cell. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the insertion of the donor sequence composition eliminates a DNA binding site of the genomic editing composition, thereby preventing further activity of the genomic editing composition. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement, a viral vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises one or more sequences isolated, derived, or recombined from an RNA virus. In certain embodiments, the RNA virus is a single-stranded or a double-stranded virus. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises one or more sequences isolated, derived, or recombined from a DNA virus. In certain embodiments, the DNA virus is a single-stranded or a double-stranded virus. In certain embodiments, the virus is replication-defective. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement, a viral vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises a sequence isolated or derived from a retrovirus. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises a sequence isolated or derived from a lentivirus. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement, a viral vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises a sequence isolated or derived from a retrovirus. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises a sequence isolated or derived from a gamma retrovirus. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement, a viral vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the viral vector comprises a sequence isolated or derived from an adeno-associated virus (AAV). In certain embodiments, the AAV is a serotype AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10 or AAV11. In certain embodiments, the AAV comprises a sequence from one or more of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10 or AAV11. In certain embodiments, the AAV comprises a sequence isolated, derived, or recombined from one or more of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10 or AAV11. In certain embodiments, the AAV comprises a sequence isolated, derived, or recombined from AAV2. In certain embodiments, including those in which the vector crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB), the AAV comprises a sequence isolated, derived, or recombined from AAV9. Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, self-complementary AAV (scAAV) and AAV hybrids containing the genome of one serotype and the capsid of another serotype (e.g. AAV2/5, AAV-DJ and AAV-DJ8). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, rAAV-LK03, rAAV-NP59 and rAAV-NP84. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, a nucleic acid vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, a DNA vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, an mRNA vector comprises the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the nucleic acid vector is a plasmid or a minicircle vector. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, a nanoparticle vector comprises the antigen receptor. Nanoparticles may be comprised of polymers disclosed in, for example, International Patent Publication No. WO 2012/094679, International Patent Publication No. WO 2016/022805, International Patent Publication No. WO/2011/133635, International Patent Publication No. WO/2016/090111, International Patent Publication No. WO/2017/004498, WO/2017/004509, International Patent Application No. PCT/US2017/030271, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,835,394, 7,217,427, and 7,867,512. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, the antigen receptor is a T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor comprises one or more mutation(s) compared to a wild-type T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor is a recombinant T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments of this method, the antigen receptor is a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing an activated modified T SCM  or T CM  of the disclosure, including those methods comprising (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein is not contained in a transposon, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T-cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement, the method further comprises introducing into the primary human T cell, a composition comprising a therapeutic protein to produce a modified T cell capable of expressing the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic protein is a secretable protein and the method produces a modified T cell capable of secreting the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the introducing step comprises a homologous recombination and a donor sequence comprises a sequence encoding the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the donor sequence that comprises the antigen receptor further comprises the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, a first donor sequence comprises the antigen receptor and a second donor sequence comprises the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, a vector comprises a sequence encoding the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the vector is a viral vector. In certain embodiments, the vector is a nanoparticle. In certain embodiments, the vector that comprises the antigen receptor further comprises the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, a first vector comprises the antigen receptor and a second vector template comprises the therapeutic protein. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the modified T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, wherein the activated modified-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated modified T-cells, wherein at least 25%, 50%, 60%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 99% of the plurality of activated modified −T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 60% of the plurality of activated modified −T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a CAR-T cell and (b) contacting the CAR-T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated CAR-T cell, wherein the activated CAR-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a CAR-expressing stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a plurality of CAR-T cells and (b) contacting the plurality of CAR-T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the methods further comprises the step of: (c) contacting the activated modified T cell and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises or further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, at least 60% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 60% of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises contacting the isolated modified T SCM  and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded enriched modified T SCM . In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified central memory T cell (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the modified T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, wherein the activated modified-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a modified central memory T cell (T CM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified central memory T cells (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the plurality of modified T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated modified T-cells, wherein at least 25%, 50%, 60%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 99% of the plurality of activated modified −T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ), thereby producing a modified central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments of this method, at least 60% of the plurality of activated modified −T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprises the step of: (c) contacting the activated modified T cell and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises or further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, at least 60% of the plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the plurality of expanded modified T-cells to produce a composition comprising at least 60% of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the plurality of enriched modified T-cells. In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises contacting the isolated modified T CM  and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded enriched modified T CM . In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a composition comprising a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the composition and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a composition comprising a plurality of activated modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) and a plurality of activated modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), wherein the plurality of activated modified T SCM  expresses one or more CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ and the plurality of activated modified T CM  expresses one or more CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L, thereby producing a composition comprising a plurality of modified T SCM  and a plurality of modified T CM . In certain embodiments of this method, the T-cell activator composition of (b) further comprises an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex. In certain embodiments, the methods further comprises the step of: (c) contacting the composition and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the composition comprising a plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the methods further comprises the step of: (c) contacting the composition and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded modified T-cells, wherein at least 2% of the composition comprising a plurality of expanded modified T-cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises or further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of cells the composition comprising a plurality of expanded modified T SCM  and a plurality of expanded modified T CM  expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of cells the composition comprising a plurality of expanded modified T SCM  and a plurality of expanded modified T CM  expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the composition to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method further comprises the step of: (d) enriching the composition to produce a composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of modified T-cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ). In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the composition or isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the composition. In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) from the composition and isolating modified T-cells that express one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a central memory T cell (T CM ) from the composition. In certain embodiments, the enriching step further comprises contacting the isolated modified T SCM  and/or T CM  and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a composition comprising a plurality of expanded enriched modified T SCM  and/or T CM . In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage of cells in between of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 90% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 10% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 80% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 20% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 70% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 30% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 60% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 40% of the total number of cells of the composition. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition and the modified central memory T-cells (T CM ) comprise at least 50% of the total number of cells of the composition. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those wherein the method comprises introducing into a primary human T cell (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the modified T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, the method further comprises introducing into the primary human T cell (c) a second transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising a therapeutic protein, to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell is capable of expressing the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic protein is a secretable protein and the method produces a modified T cell capable of secreting the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the method further comprises introducing a transposase composition. In certain embodiments, the transposase composition transposes the transposon of (a) and the second transposon. In certain embodiments, the method comprises introducing a first transposase composition and a second transposase composition. In certain embodiments, including those wherein the method comprises introducing a first transposase composition and a second transposase composition, the first transposase composition transposes the transposon of (a) and the second transposase composition transposes the second transposon. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments of this method, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those wherein the method comprises introducing into a primary human T cell (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising an antigen receptor to produce a modified T cell, wherein a transposon comprises the antigen receptor, and (b) contacting the modified T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated modified T-cell, the method further comprises introducing into the primary human T cell a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein, to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell is capable of expressing the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments of introducing a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein, the introducing step comprises a homologous recombination. In certain embodiments of introducing a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein, a vector comprises the sequence encoding the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the vector is a viral vector. In certain embodiments, the vector is a nanoparticle. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the introducing step further comprises a composition comprising a genomic editing construct. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a guide RNA and a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated protein 9 (Cas9) DNA endonuclease. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct encodes a fusion protein. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct encodes the DNA binding domain and the type IIS endonuclease and wherein the expressed DNA binding domain and the expressed type IIS endonuclease are non-covalently linked. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease encodes an inactive Cas9. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease encodes a truncated Cas9. In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an amino acid substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an amino acid substitution of an Alanine (A) for a Histidine (H) at position 840 (H840A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises dCas9 (SEQ ID NO: 33). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an amino acid substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Asparagine (N) at position 580 (N580A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises dSaCas9 (SEQ ID NO: 32). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a TALEN is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a TALEN. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a ZFN is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments of this method, the introducing step further comprises a composition comprising an mRNA sequence encoding a transposase. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposase is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase, the sequence encoding the transposase is an mRNA sequence. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac transposase comprises an amino acid sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac transposase is a hyperactive variant and the hyperactive variant comprises an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 30, 165, 282 and 538 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 30 of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for an isoleucine (I) (I30V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 165 of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a serine (S) for a glycine (G) (G165S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 282 of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) (M282V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 538 of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an asparagine (N) (N538K). In certain embodiments, the Super piggyBac (SPB) transposase comprises an amino acid sequence comprising SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). In certain embodiments, the transposon is a Helraiser transposon. In certain embodiments, in particular those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Helraiser transposon, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a Tol2 transposon. In certain embodiments, in particular those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Tol2 transposon, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. In certain embodiments, the sequence encoding the transposase is an mRNA sequence. In certain embodiments, the transposon may be derived or recombined from any species. Alternatively, or in addition, the transposon may be synthetic. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon further comprises a selection gene. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises a selection agent. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the antigen receptor is a T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor comprises one or more mutation(s) compared to a wild-type T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor is a recombinant T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments of this method, the antigen receptor is a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the cell-surface markers of the modified T SCM  comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the modified T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the modified T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises a naïve T-cell (modified T N ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T N  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises a central memory T-cell (modified T CM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises an effector memory T-cell (modified T EM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises an effector T-cell (modified T EFF ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EFF  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises a central memory T-cell (modified T CM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the most abundant cell in the plurality of expanded modified T-cells is a central memory T-cell (modified T CM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, wherein the most abundant cell in the plurality of expanded modified T-cells is a central memory T-cell (modified T CM ), the plurality of expanded modified T-cells comprises a T SCM  cell and the cell-surface markers of the T SCM  cell comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a CAR-T cell and (b) contacting the CAR-T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated CAR-T cell, wherein the activated CAR-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a CAR-expressing stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a plurality of CAR-T cells and (b) contacting the plurality of CAR-T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD2 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a CAR-T cell and (b) contacting the CAR-T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated CAR-T cell, wherein the activated CAR-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a CAR-expressing stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a plurality of CAR-T cells and (b) contacting the plurality of CAR-T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. 
     In certain embodiments, this method may further comprise the step of: (c) contacting the activated CAR-T cell and a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement to produce a plurality of expanded CAR-T cells, wherein at least 2% of the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells expresses cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells may be enriched for CAR-T cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ), and, therefore, following an enrichment step, the method may produce an enriched composition comprising at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of CAR-T cells that express cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises a naïve T-cell (CAR-T N ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T N  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises a central memory T-cell (CAR-T CM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises an effector memory T-cell (CAR-T EM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises an effector T-cell (CAR-T EFF ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EFF  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. Additional cell-surface markers are described in Gattinoni et al. (Nat Med. 2011 Sep. 18; 17(10): 1290-7; the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety). 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T cell (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a primary human T cell a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a CAR-T cell and (b) contacting the CAR-T cell and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce an activated CAR-T cell, wherein the activated CAR-T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a CAR-expressing stem memory T cell (T SCM ) (CAR-T SCM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T cells (T SCM ), comprising: (a) introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to produce a plurality of CAR-T cells and (b) contacting the plurality of CAR-T cells and a T-cell activator composition comprising one or more of an anti-human CD3 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex, an anti-human CD28 monospecific tetrameric antibody complex and an activation supplement to produce a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 25% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 50% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 60% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 75% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 80% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 85% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 90% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the method produces a plurality of activated CAR-T cells, wherein at least 95% of the plurality of activated CAR-T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T cell (T SCM ), thereby producing a plurality of activated CAR stem memory T cells (T SCM ). In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers comprise CD62L and CD45RA. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the cell-surface markers of the activated CAR T SCM  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises a naïve T-cell (CAR-T N ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T N  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises a central memory T-cell (CAR-T CM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T CM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises an effector memory T-cell (CAR-T EM ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EM  comprise one or more of CD45RO, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the plurality of expanded CAR-T cells comprises an effector T-cell (CAR-T EFF ) and the cell-surface markers of the CAR-T EFF  comprise one or more of CD45RA, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, a transposon comprises a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) of the disclosure. The transposon may be a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the CAR flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain preferred embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, a step introducing a composition comprising a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) of the disclosure may further a composition comprising an mRNA sequence encoding a transposase. In certain preferred embodiments, the transposase is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. 
     In certain embodiments, a transposon of the disclosure may further comprise a selection gene. When a transposon of the disclosure comprises a selection gene, the T-cell expansion composition of the methods of the disclosure may further comprise a selection agent to simultaneously select and expand an activated or modified T cell of the disclosure. 
     In certain embodiments a CAR of the disclosure may be a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  of the disclosure, the introducing step may comprise an electroporation or a nucleofection. When the introducing step comprises a nucleofection, the nucleofection may comprise the steps of: (a) contacting a transposon composition, a transposase composition, and a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette; (b) applying one or more electrical pulses to the cuvette, and (c) incubating the composition comprising the plurality of primary human T cells in a composition comprising a T-cell expansion composition comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition further comprises one or more of octanoic acid, nicotinamide, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid hydrazide, oleamide, a sterol and an alkane. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the T-cell expansion composition comprises octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the transposon composition is a 0.5 μg/μl solution comprising nuclease free water and the cuvette comprises 2 μl of the transposon composition to yield 1 μg of transposon. The transposon composition may comprise a piggyBac transposon. The transposon composition may comprise a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the transposase composition comprises 5 μg of transposase. The transposase composition may comprise a hyperactive piggyBac™ or Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. The transposase composition may comprise a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty (SB100X) transposase. In certain embodiments, the transposon may comprise a Helraiser transposon and the transposase composition may comprise a Helitron transposase. In certain embodiments, the transposon may comprise a Tol2 transposon and the transposase composition comprises a Tol2 transposase. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the introducing step comprises a nucleofection or an electroporation, the nucleofection comprises contacting a first transposon composition and a first transposase composition and a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the introducing step comprises a nucleofection or an electroporation, the nucleofection comprises contacting a first transposon composition, a second transposon composition, a first transposase composition and a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the introducing step comprises a nucleofection or an electroporation, the nucleofection comprises contacting a first transposon composition, a second transposon composition, a first transposase composition, a second transposase composition and a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette. In certain embodiments, the first transposon comprises a sequence encoding an antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the second transposon comprises a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the first transposon composition and the second transposon composition are identical. In certain embodiments, the first transposon composition and the second transposon composition are not identical. In certain embodiments, the first transposase mobilizes the first transposon composition and the second transposon composition. In certain embodiments, the first transposase mobilizes the first transposon composition but not the second transposon composition. In certain embodiments, the second transposase mobilizes the second transposon composition but not the first transposon composition. In certain embodiments, the first transposase mobilizes the first transposon composition and the second transposase mobilizes the second transposon composition. In certain embodiments, the first transposon composition or the second transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding an antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the first transposon composition or the second transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the first transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding an antigen receptor and the second transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding a therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic protein is a secreted or secretable protein. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the introducing step comprises a nucleofection or an electroporation, the nucleofection comprises contacting a transposon composition, a first transposase composition, a second transposase composition and a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette. In certain embodiments, the transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the transposon composition comprises a sequence encoding the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the introducing step comprises a nucleofection or an electroporation, the nucleofection further comprises contacting a composition capable of inducing homologous recombination at a specific site in the genome with a composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells in a cuvette. In certain embodiments, the composition capable of inducing homologous recombination comprises an exogenous donor molecule. In certain embodiments, the exogenous donor molecule comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor and the transposon comprises a sequence encoding the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the exogenous donor molecule comprises a sequence encoding the therapeutic protein and the transposon comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising the transposon, the composition comprising the transposase and the composition capable of inducing homologous recombination at a specific site in the genome are contacted with the composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells simultaneously. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising the transposon and the composition comprising the transposase are contacted with the composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells first, and the composition capable of inducing homologous recombination at a specific site in the genome is contacted with the composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells second. In certain embodiments, the composition capable of inducing homologous recombination at a specific site in the genome is contacted with the composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells first and the composition comprising the transposon and the composition comprising the transposase are contacted with the composition comprising a plurality of primary human T cells second. In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  of the disclosure, the composition comprising primary human T cells comprises a buffer that maintains or enhances a level of cell viability and/or a stem-like phenotype of the primary human T cells. In certain embodiments, the buffer maintains or enhances a level of cell viability and/or a stem-like phenotype of the primary human T cells prior to the nucleofection. In certain embodiments, the buffer maintains or enhances a level of cell viability and/or a stem-like phenotype of the primary human T cells during the nucleofection. In certain embodiments, the buffer maintains or enhances a level of cell viability and/or a stem-like phenotype of the primary human T cells following the nucleofection. In certain embodiments, the buffer comprises a P3 primary cell solution (Lonza). In certain embodiments, the buffer comprises one or more of KCl, MgCl 2 , ClNa, Glucose and Ca(NO 3 ) 2  in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration, and, optionally, the buffer further comprises a supplement selected from the group consisting of HEPES, Tris/HCl, and a phosphate buffer. In certain embodiments, the buffer comprises 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2 . In certain embodiments, the buffer comprises 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2  and a supplement comprising 20 mM HEPES and 75 mM Tris/HCl. In certain embodiments, the buffer comprises 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2  and a supplement comprising 40 mM Na 2 HPO 4 /NaH 2 PO 4  at pH 7.2. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising primary human T cells comprises 100 μl of the buffer and between 5×10 6  and 25×10 6  cells. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  of the disclosure, the composition comprising primary human T cells is depleted of cells expressing CD14, CD56, and/or CD19. In certain embodiments, the composition comprising primary human T cells comprises 100 μl of the buffer and between 5×10 6  and 25×10 6  cells. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. Alternatively, or in addition, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of phosphorus, an octanoic fatty acid, a palmitic fatty acid, a linoleic fatty acid and an oleic acid. In certain embodiments, the media comprises an amount of phosphorus that is 10-fold higher than may be found in, for example, Iscove&#39;s Modified Dulbecco&#39;s Medium ((IMDM); available at ThermoFisher Scientific as Catalog number 12440053). 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. Alternatively, or in addition, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following elements: boron, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and calcium. In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following elements present in the corresponding average concentrations: boron at 3.7 mg/L, sodium at 3000 mg/L, magnesium at 18 mg/L, phosphorus at 29 mg/L, potassium at 15 mg/L and calcium at 4 mg/L. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. Alternatively, or in addition, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following components: octanoic acid (CAS No. 124-07-2), nicotinamide (CAS No. 98-92-0), 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD) (CAS No. 126-86-3), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA) (CAS No. 6938-94-9), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide (CAS No. 3622-84-2), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (CAS No. 84-69-5), palmitic acid (CAS No. 57-10-3), linoleic acid (CAS No. 60-33-3), oleic acid (CAS No. 112-80-1), stearic acid hydrazide (CAS No. 4130-54-5), oleamide (CAS No. 3322-62-1), sterol (e.g., cholesterol) (CAS No. 57-88-5), and alkanes (e.g., nonadecane) (CAS No. 629-92-5). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following components: octanoic acid (CAS No. 124-07-2), nicotinamide (CAS No. 98-92-0), 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD) (CAS No. 126-86-3), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA) (CAS No. 6938-94-9), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide (CAS No. 3622-84-2), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (CAS No. 84-69-5), palmitic acid (CAS No. 57-10-3), linoleic acid (CAS No. 60-33-3), oleic acid (CAS No. 112-80-1), stearic acid hydrazide (CAS No. 4130-54-5), oleamide (CAS No. 3322-62-1), sterol (e.g., cholesterol) (CAS No. 57-88-5), alkanes (e.g., nonadecane) (CAS No. 629-92-5), and phenol red (CAS No. 143-74-8). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following components: octanoic acid (CAS No. 124-07-2), nicotinamide (CAS No. 98-92-0), 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyn-4,7-diol (TMDD) (CAS No. 126-86-3), diisopropyl adipate (DIPA) (CAS No. 6938-94-9), n-butyl-benzenesulfonamide (CAS No. 3622-84-2), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (CAS No. 84-69-5), palmitic acid (CAS No. 57-10-3), linoleic acid (CAS No. 60-33-3), oleic acid (CAS No. 112-80-1), stearic acid hydrazide (CAS No. 4130-54-5), oleamide (CAS No. 3322-62-1), phenol red (CAS No. 143-74-8) and lanolin alcohol. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. Alternatively, or in addition, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following ions: sodium, ammonium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, sulfate and phosphate. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, Iscove&#39;s MDM, and an expansion supplement at 37° C. Alternatively, or in addition, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following free amino acids: histidine, asparagine, serine, glutamate, arginine, glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, threonine, alanine, proline, cysteine, lysine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine and tryptophan. In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following free amino acids in the corresponding average mole percentages: histidine (about 1%), asparagine (about 0.5%), serine (about 1.5%), glutamine (about 67%), arginine (about 1.5%), glycine (about 1.5%), aspartic acid (about 1%), glutamic acid (about 2%), threonine (about 2%), alanine (about 1%), proline (about 1.5%), cysteine (about 1.5%), lysine (about 3%), tyrosine (about 1.5%), methionine (about 1%), valine (about 3.5%), isoleucine (about 3%), leucine (about 3.5%), phenylalanine (about 1.5%) and tryptophan (about 0.5%). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of the following free amino acids in the corresponding average mole percentages: histidine (about 0.78%), asparagine (about 0.4%), serine (about 1.6%), glutamine (about 67.01%), arginine (about 1.67%), glycine (about 1.72%), aspartic acid (about 1.00%), glutamic acid (about 1.93%), threonine (about 2.38%), alanine (about 1.11%), proline (about 1.49%), cysteine (about 1.65%), lysine (about 2.84%), tyrosine (about 1.62%), methionine (about 0.85%), valine (about 3.45%), isoleucine (about 3.14%), leucine (about 3.3%), phenylalanine (about 1.64%) and tryptophan (about 0.37%). 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and a sterol (e.g. cholesterol). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 0.9 mg/kg to 90 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of 0.2 mg/kg to 20 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of about 0.1 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, inclusive of the endpoints (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 9 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million).). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of about 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of 9.19 mg/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of 1.86 mg/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of 2.12 mg/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 2.13 mg/kg, and a sterol at a concentration of 1.01 mg/kg (wherein mg/kg=parts per million). In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of between 6.4 μmol/kg and 640 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; palmitic acid at a concentration of between 0.7 μmol/kg and 70 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; linoleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; oleic acid at a concentration of between 0.75 μmol/kg and 75 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints; and a sterol at a concentration of between 0.25 μmol/kg and 25 μmol/kg, inclusive of the endpoints. In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 64 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.5 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.5 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of about 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of about 2.61 μmol/kg. In certain embodiments, the terms “supplemented T-cell expansion composition” or “T-cell expansion composition” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of octanoic acid at a concentration of about 63.75 μmol/kg, palmitic acid at a concentration of about 7.27 μmol/kg, linoleic acid at a concentration of about 7.57 μmol/kg, oleic acid at a concentration of 7.56 μmol/kg and a sterol at a concentration of 2.61 μmol/kg. 
     As used herein, the term “P3 buffer” may be used interchangeably with a buffer comprising one or more of KCl, MgCl 2 , ClNa, Glucose and Ca(NO 3 ) 2  in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration, and, optionally, the further comprising a supplement selected from the group consisting of HEPES, Tris/HCl, and a phosphate buffer. The term “P3 buffer” may be used interchangeably with a buffer comprising 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , and, optionally, the further comprising a supplement selected from the group consisting of HEPES, Tris/HCl, and a phosphate buffer. The term “P3 buffer” may be used interchangeably with a buffer comprising 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2  and a supplement comprising 20 mM HEPES and 75 mM Tris/HCl. The term “P3 buffer” may be used interchangeably with a buffer comprising 5 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl 2 , 90 mM ClNa, 10 mM Glucose and 0.4 mM Ca(NO 3 ) 2  and a supplement comprising 40 mM Na 2 HPO 4 /NaH 2 PO 4  at pH 7.2. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented RPMI-1640 media” or “T-cell conditioned media (TCCM)” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of water, fetal bovine serum, HEPES, sodium pyruvate, one or more non-essential amino acids, a phenol red indicator, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic (anhydrous), L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine, L-Arginine, L-Asparagine (anhydrous), L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, Glycine, L-Histidine, Hydroxy-L-Proline, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine HCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Na 2H 2 O, L-Valine, D-Biotin, choline chloride, folic acid, Myo-Inositol, niacinamide, p-Aminobenzoic acid, D-Panthothenic acid (hemicalcium), pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, thiamine HCl, vitamin B12, D-Glucose, Glutathione (reduced), L-Glutamine and 2-Mercaptoethanol in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. The terms “supplemented RPMI-1640 media” or “T-cell conditioned media (TCCM)” may be used interchangeably with a media comprising water, fetal bovine serum, HEPES, sodium pyruvate, one or more non-essential amino acids, a phenol red indicator, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic (anhydrous), L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine, L-Arginine, L-Asparagine (anhydrous), L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, Glycine, L-Histidine, Hydroxy-L-Proline, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine HCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Na 2H 2 O, L-Valine, D-Biotin, choline chloride, folic acid, Myo-Inositol, niacinamide, p-Aminobenzoic acid, D-Panthothenic acid (hemicalcium), pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, thiamine HCl, vitamin B12, D-Glucose, Glutathione (reduced), L-Glutamine and 2-Mercaptoethanol in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. 
     As used herein, the terms “supplemented AIM-V” or “supplemented AIMV” media may be used interchangeably with a media comprising one or more of water, human serum albumin, streptomycin sulfate, gentamicin, fetal bovine serum, HEPES, sodium pyruvate, one or more non-essential amino acids, a phenol red indicator, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic (anhydrous), L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine, L-Arginine, L-Asparagine (anhydrous), L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, Glycine, L-Histidine, Hydroxy-L-Proline, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine HCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Na 2H 2 O, L-Valine, D-Biotin, choline chloride, folic acid, Myo-Inositol, niacinamide, p-Aminobenzoic acid, D-Panthothenic acid (hemicalcium), pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, thiamine HCl, vitamin B12, D-Glucose, glutathione (reduced), L-Glutamine and 2-Mercaptoethanol in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. The terms “supplemented AIM-V” or “supplemented AIMV” media may be used interchangeably with a media comprising water, human serum albumin, streptomycin sulfate, gentamicin, fetal bovine serum, HEPES, sodium pyruvate, one or more non-essential amino acids, a phenol red indicator, calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate dibasic (anhydrous), L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine, L-Arginine, L-Asparagine (anhydrous), L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, Glycine, L-Histidine, Hydroxy-L-Proline, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine HCl, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine 2Na 2H 2 O, L-Valine, D-Biotin, choline chloride, folic acid, Myo-Inositol, niacinamide, p-Aminobenzoic acid, D-Panthothenic acid (hemicalcium), pyridoxine HCl, riboflavin, thiamine HCl, vitamin B12, D-Glucose, glutathione (reduced), L-Glutamine and 2-Mercaptoethanol in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. 
     As used herein, the term “ImmunoCult™ medium” may be used interchangeably with a medium comprising one or more of water, human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, L-Glutamine, phenol red, glycine, L-Alanine, L-Arginine hydrochloride, L-Asparagine, L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, L-Glutamine, L-Histidine hydrochloride H 2 O, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine hydrochloride, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine disodium salt, L-Valine, biotin, choline chloride, D-Calcium pantothenate, folic acid, niacinamide, pyridoxal hydrochloride, riboflavin, thiamine hydrochloride, vitamin B12, i-Inositol, calcium chloride (anhydrous), magnesium sulfate (Anhydrous), potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate monobasic, sodium selenite, D-Glucose, HEPES and Sodium pyruvate in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. The term “ImmunoCult™ medium” may be used interchangeably with a medium comprising water, human serum albumin, recombinant human insulin, human transferrin, 2-Mercaptoethanol, L-Glutamine, phenol red, glycine, L-Alanine, L-Arginine hydrochloride, L-Asparagine, L-Aspartic acid, L-Cysteine 2HCl, L-Glutamic acid, L-Glutamine, L-Histidine hydrochloride H 2 O, L-Isoleucine, L-Leucine, L-Lysine hydrochloride, L-Methionine, L-Phenylalanine, L-Proline, L-Serine, L-Threonine, L-Tryptophan, L-Tyrosine disodium salt, L-Valine, biotin, choline chloride, D-Calcium pantothenate, folic acid, niacinamide, pyridoxal hydrochloride, riboflavin, thiamine hydrochloride, vitamin B12, i-Inositol, calcium chloride (anhydrous), magnesium sulfate (Anhydrous), potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate monobasic, sodium selenite, D-Glucose, HEPES and Sodium pyruvate in any absolute or relative abundance or concentration. 
     Modified T-cells of the disclosure, including modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, may be incubated, cultured, grown, stored, or otherwise, combined at any step in the methods of the procedure with a growth medium comprising one or more inhibitors a component of a PI3K pathway. Exemplary inhibitors a component of a PI3K pathway include, but are not limited to, an inhibitor of GSK3β such as TWS119 (also known as GSK 3B inhibitor XII; CAS Number 601514-19-6 having a chemical formula C 18 H 14 N 4 O 2 ). Exemplary inhibitors a component of a PI3K pathway include, but are not limited to, bb007 (BLUEBIRDBIO™). 
     As used herein, the terms “electroporation” and “nucleofection” are meant to describe alternative means to deliver a nucleic acid, transposon, vector or composition of the disclosure to a cell by providing an electric pulse that induces a cell membrane (the cell membrane, nuclear membrane, or both) to become permeable or to become more permeable to the nucleic acid, transposon, vector or composition of the disclosure. 
     In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the method is performed one or more cuvette(s) simultaneously. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the method is performed in two cuvettes simultaneously. For a process performed on a larger scale for clinical or commercial applications, for example, the nucleofections may be performed in a large-volume cassette with many procedures ongoing simultaneously. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the incubating step comprises incubating the composition comprising the plurality of primary human T cells in a pre-warmed T-cell expansion composition. The incubation step may have a period of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 hours, or any number/portion of hours in between. The incubation step may have a period of at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 days or any number/portion of days in between. The incubation step may have a period of at least 1 week. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the incubation step has a period of two days. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the applying step may comprise applying one or more of the following program(s) EI-115, EI-151, EI-156, EI-158, EG-115, EG-142, EG-151, ES-115, ES-151, EO-151, EO-148, EO-156, EO-210, EO-213, and FI-156. In certain embodiments, the applying step may comprise applying one or more of the following program(s) EI-115, EI-151, EI-156, EI-158, EG-115, EG-142, EG-151, ES-115, ES-151, EO-151, EO-148, EO-156, EO-210, EO-213, and FI-156, or a program that provides the same number of electrical pulses, each pulse having the same duration and intensity, and a substantially similar interpulse duration of time. In certain embodiments, the applying step may be performed using a known electroporation/nucleofection device, including, but not limited to, Lonza Amaxa, MaxCyte technology, BTX PulseAgile, and BioRad GenePulser. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the applying step may comprise applying at least one electrical pulse. In certain embodiments of the nucleofection, the applying step may comprise applying at least one electrical pulse sufficient to induce the cell membrane and/or nuclear membrane of a cell to become permeable to a composition of the disclosure. 
     While the amounts provided herein are exemplary and non-limiting, the relationship between these amounts (e.g. ratios or relative abundances) may be used to modify the methods exemplified herein for larger-scale processes and manufacturing. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T cell (e.g. a T SCM  and/or T CM ) of the disclosure, the activation supplement comprises one or more cytokine(s). The one or more cytokine(s) may comprise any cytokine, including but not limited to, lymphokines. Exemplary lympokines include, but are not limited to, interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-15 (IL-15), interleukin-21 (IL-21), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma (INFy). The one or more cytokine(s) may comprise IL-2. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T cell (e.g. a T SCM  and/or T CM ) of the disclosure, the expansion supplement comprises one or more cytokine(s). The one or more cytokine(s) may comprise any cytokine, including but not limited to, lymphokines. Exemplary lympokines include, but are not limited to, interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-15 (IL-15), interleukin-21 (IL-21), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interferon-gamma (INFy). The one or more cytokine(s) may comprise IL-2. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T cell (e.g. a T SCM  and/or T CM ) of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is a naïve T cell. The naïve T cell may express CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the method is applied to a cell population comprising at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99%, or any percentage in between of naïve T cells. In certain embodiments, the efficiency of production of modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure may be increased by increasing a proportion or percentage of naïve T cells in a cell population to which the methods of the disclosure are applied. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is a memory T cell. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell expresses one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is a naïve T-cell (modified T N ) and the modified T N  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is a modified T SCM  a T memory stem cell (modified T SCM ) and the modified T SCM  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is a central memory T-cell (modified T CM ) and the modified T CM  expresses one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is an effector memory T-cell (modified T EM ) and the modified T EM  expresses one or more of CD45RO, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell is an effector T-cell (modified T EFF ) and the modified T EFF  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell may express CD4 and/or CD8. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell may express CD4 and/or CD8 at various ratios. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell may express CD4 and/or CD8 at various ratios that are not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cells that express CD4 and/or CD8 at various ratios, that may be not naturally occurring, are a heterologous cell population. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of producing a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  of the disclosure, the primary human T cell may be isolated, prepared or derived from for example, whole blood, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, lymph fluid, lymph node tissue, bone marrow, and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The term “peripheral blood” as used herein, refers to cellular components of blood (e.g., red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets), which are obtained or prepared from the circulating pool of blood and not sequestered within the lymphatic system, spleen, liver or bone marrow. Umbilical cord blood is distinct from peripheral blood and blood sequestered within the lymphatic system, spleen, liver or bone marrow. The terms “umbilical cord blood”, “umbilical blood” or “cord blood”, which can be used interchangeably, refers to blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after child birth. Cord blood often contains stem cells including hematopoietic cells. 
     Primary human T cells of the disclosure may comprise pan T cells. As used herein, pan T-cells include all T lymphocytes isolated from a biological sample, without sorting by subtype, activation status, maturation state, or cell-surface marker expression. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the method further comprises introducing into a modified T SCM  or T CM  cell a composition comprising a genomic editing construct or composition. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a guide RNA and a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) associated protein 9 (Cas9) DNA endonuclease. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct encodes a fusion protein. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct encodes the DNA binding domain and the type IIS endonuclease and wherein the expressed DNA binding domain and the expressed type IIS endonuclease are non-covalently linked. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease encodes an inactive Cas9. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease is the DNA binding domain, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease encodes a truncated Cas9. In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an amino acid substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises or further comprises an amino acid substitution of an Alanine (A) for a Histidine (H) at position 840 (H840A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an inactivated Cas9 (dCas9) (SEQ ID NO: 33). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises an amino acid substitution of an alanine (A) for an Asparagine (N) at position 580 (N580A). In certain embodiments, the sequence derived from a Cas9 endonuclease comprises a truncated and inactivated Cas9 (dSaCas9) (SEQ ID NO: 32). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a TALEN is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a TALEN. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the genomic editing construct comprises a sequence derived from a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN). In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the genomic editing construct comprises a DNA binding domain and a type IIS endonuclease, the sequence derived from a ZFN is the DNA binding domain. In certain embodiments, the genomic editing construct comprises a zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN). 
     The methods of making modified T SCM  and/or T CM  cells of the disclosure may be optimized to produce a greater number or greater proportion of modified T SCM  and/or T CM  cells. For example, the population of cells subjected to the methods of the disclosure may be enriched to contain an increased number or greater proportion of naïve T cells. As the number and/or proportion of naïve T cells increases in the population of T cells subjected to the methods of the disclosure, the number and/or proportion of modified T SCM  and/or T CM  cells of the disclosure produced also increases. Alternatively, or in addition, as the length of time or duration required for a method of disclosure to precede decreases, the number and/or proportion of modified T SCM  and/or T CM  cells of the disclosure produced by the method increases. The length of time or duration required for a method of disclosure to precede, or the “manufacturing period” may also be referred to as the “out-of-life period” of the T cells subjected to the methods of the disclosure. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of making modified T-cells of the disclosure, the primary human T cell expresses one or more of CD62L, CD45RA, CD28, CCR7, CD127, CD45RO, CD95, CD95 and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell is a naïve T-cell (T N ) and the T N  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CCR7 and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell is a T memory stem cell (T SCM ) and the T SCM  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell is a central memory T-cell (T CM ) and wherein the T CM  expresses one or more of CD45RO, CD95, IL-2Rβ, CCR7, and CD62L. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell is an effector memory T-cell (T EM ) and the EM expresses one or more of CD45RO, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell is an effector T-cell (T EFF ) and the T EFF  expresses one or more of CD45RA, CD95, and IL-2Rβ. In certain embodiments, the primary human T cell expresses CD4 and/or CD8. 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising a modified T SCM  produced a method of the disclosure. The disclosure provides a composition comprising a modified T CM  produced a method of the disclosure. The disclosure provides a composition comprising a modified T SCM  and a modified T CM  produced a method of the disclosure. In certain embodiments of the composition comprising a modified T SCM  and a modified T CM  produced a method of the disclosure, a plurality of T SCM  may comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98% or 99% or the composition. In certain embodiments of the composition comprising a modified T SCM  and a modified T CM  produced a method of the disclosure, a plurality of T CM  may comprise at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98% or 99% or the composition. 
     The disclosure provides a use of a composition comprising a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  produced a method of the disclosure for the manufacture of a medicament to treat a subject in need thereof. In certain embodiments of this use, the modified T SCM  and/or T CM  is autologous. In certain embodiments of this use, the modified T SCM  and/or T CM  is allogeneic. In certain embodiments, the antigen receptor is a T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, in those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor comprises one or more mutation(s) compared to a wild-type T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, in those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor is a recombinant T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the antigen receptor is a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. 
     The disclosure provides a method of treating a disease or disorder in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising a modified T SCM  and/or T CM  produced a method of the disclosure. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified T SCM  and/or T CM  is autologous. In certain embodiments of this method, the modified T SCM  and/or T CM  is allogeneic. In certain embodiments, the antigen receptor is a T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, in those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor comprises one or more mutation(s) compared to a wild-type T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, in those embodiments wherein the T-cell receptor is not naturally-occurring, the T-cell receptor is a recombinant T-cell receptor. In certain embodiments, the antigen receptor is a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the CAR comprises one or more VHH sequence(s). In certain embodiments, the CAR is a VCAR. In certain embodiments of this method, the disease or disorder is cancer and the antigen receptor specifically targets a cancer antigen. In certain embodiments of this method, the disease or disorder is an infectious disease or disorder and the antigen receptor specifically targets a viral, bacterial, yeast or microbial antigen. In certain embodiments, the disease or disorder is a disease or disorder caused by a lack of an activity or an insufficient amount of a secretory protein. In certain embodiments, the disease or disorder is a disease or disorder treated by a replacement of an activity of a therapeutic protein or by an increase in an amount of the therapeutic protein. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic protein is a secreted protein. In certain embodiments, the secretory protein is lacking an activity or a sufficient amount within a local area of a body. In certain embodiments, the local area of a body is accessible by a native T-cell or a modified T-cell. In certain embodiments, the modified T-cell is produced in vivo, ex vivo, in vitro or in situ. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a series of plots depicting the emergence of the CAR-T SCM  phenotype at Day 11 of the method of Example 1. Cells were nucleofected with a surrogate CARTyrin plasmid. CAR-T SCM  cells express CD62L and CD45RA as shown in the bottom two plots. 
         FIG. 2  is a series of plots depicting the purity of the CAR-T SCM  produced by the method of Example 1 at day 19. The population of CAR-T SCM  cells produced by the method described in Example 1 at day 19 contained no B cells or lymphocytes. The majority of the cells are CD3+ T-cells. Only 1.1% are Natural Killer cells and 1.7% are Natural Killer T-cells. 
         FIG. 3  is a plot showing that at Day 11 of the method described in Example 1, the majority of the T-cells produced express the CARTyrin. 
         FIG. 4  is a series of plots depicting an enrichment of the CAR-T SCM  phenotype at Day 19 of the method described in Example 1. Cells were nucleofected with a surrogate CARTyrin plasmid. CAR-T SCM  cells express CD62L and CD45RA as shown in the bottom two plots. 
         FIG. 5  is a series of plots depicting the absence of T-cell exhaustion at Day 19 of the method described in Example 1. At Day 19, the cell population produced by this method does not express PD1, which is a marker for T cell activation and exhaustion. These cells expressing the CARTyrin have almost successfully reached a resting state post-manufacture. They do not exhibit signs of antigen-independent (tonic) signaling which would otherwise drive higher levels of PD1 expression. Tonic signaling is hypothesized to be caused by some CAR molecules that lead to early exhaustion and reduced efficacy of a CAR T-cell therapy. 
         FIG. 6A  is a series of plots depicting T cells transposed with a plasmid containing a sequence encoding a transposon comprising a sequence encoding an inducible caspase polypeptide (a safety switch, “iC9”), a CARTyrin (anti-BCMA), and a selectable marker. Left-hand plots depict live T cells exposed to transposase in the absence of the plasmid. Right-hand plots depict live T cells exposed to transposase in the presence of the plasmid. Cells were exposed to either a hyperactive transposase (the “Super piggyBac”) or a wild type piggyBac transposase. 
         FIG. 6B  is a series of plots depicting T cells transposed with a plasmid containing a sequence encoding a green fluorescent protein (GFP). Left-hand plots depict live T cells exposed to transposase in the absence of the plasmid. Right-hand plots depict live T cells exposed to transposase in the presence of the plasmid. Cells were exposed to either a hyperactive transposase (the “Super piggyBac”) or a wild type piggyBac transposase. 
         FIG. 6C  is a table depicting the percent of transformed T cells resulting from transposition with WT versus hyperactive piggyBac transposase. T cells contacted with the hyperactive piggyBac transposase (the Super piggyBac transposase) were transformed at a rate 4-fold greater than WT transposase. 
         FIG. 6D  is a graph depicting the percent of transformed T cells resulting from transposition with WT versus hyperactive piggyBac transposase 5 days after nucleofection. T cells contacted with the hyperactive piggyBac transposase (the Super piggyBac transposase) were transformed at a rate far greater than WT transposase. 
         FIG. 7  is a graph showing a phenotypic difference between piggyBac™- and lentivirus-produced CAR+ T cells. CAR+ T cells were produced using either piggyBac transposition or lentivirus transduction. Human pan T cells were transposed with piggyBac encoding CAR, stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads at day 2 post-transposition, expanded, and examined on day 19 post-transposition. For production using lentivirus, pan T cells were stimulated with aCD3/CD28 beads, transduced with lentivirus encoding CAR (MOI 5), expanded, and examined on day 18 post-stimulation. Then, each population of CAR+ T cells was characterized based on their expression of the standard memory markers CD62L, CD45RA and CD95. The percentage of each CAR+ T cell subset was defined as naïve (CD62L+CD45RA+), Tcm (CD62L+CD45RA−), Tem (CD62L-CD45RA−) and Teff (CD62L-CD45RA+). All CAR+ T cells were CD95+. 
         FIG. 8A-B  is a pair of graphs showing that piggyBac™ preferentially transposes naïve T cells. Human pan T cells were sorted (using a BD FACSAria II flow cytometer) into naïve (CD62L+CD45RA+), Tcm (CD62L+CD45RA−), Tem (CD62L-CD45RA−), and Teff (CD62L-CD45RA+) subsets. The sorted subsets were each either transposed with piggyBac-GFP or transduced with lentivirus-GFP. For the former, each sorted subset was transposed with PiggyBac-GFP, stimulated with anti-CD3/CD28 beads at day 2 post-transposition, expanded, and examined on day 19 post-transposition. For the latter, the sorted subsets were stimulated with aCD3/CD28 beads, transduced with lentivirus encoding GFP (MOI 5), expanded, and examined on day 19 post-stimulation. n=3 donors. 
         FIG. 9  is a pair of graphs showing that the piggyBac™ manufacturing process yields high levels of T SCM  in samples from multiple myeloma (MM) patients even when naïve T cells are rare. T cells from MM patients (triangles) and healthy donors (circles) were characterized for memory marker expression by flow cytometry before (left) and after (right) the Poseida manufacturing process. Expression of CD45RA and CD62L was assessed by FACS and plots are shown for the MM patients and a healthy donor. It is known that T cells from MM patients generally have lower frequencies of naïve and T SCM  cells, but higher frequencies of Teff, unlike those from healthy normal donors which are the opposite. Regardless of the input frequency of naïve and T SCM  from different MM patients, production of P-BCMA-101 using the Poseida manufacturing process resulted in a product that exhibited a high level of CD8+ Tscm (E). This was also true for a MM patient who was actively receiving treatment (red triangle). 
         FIG. 10A-B  is a series of Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACs) plots characterizing T and T SCM  cell markers in human pan T cells transformed with the Sleeping Beauty (SB100x) transposition system and the methods of the disclosure. Sleeping Beauty (SB100x) Transposition yields predominately T SCM  phenotype using Poseida manufacture process. Human pan T cells were transposed using 1 μg of either a Sleeping Beauty or piggyBac transposon plasmid and SB100x or SPB mRNA, respectively as shown. Following transposition, cells were expanded ex vivo and all non-transposed cells were depleted using the Poseida manufacture drug selection system. Following 18 days in culture, cells were stained with the phenotypic markers CD4, CD8, CD45RA, and CD62L. Stem cell memory phenotype (T SCM ) is defined by CD45RA and CD62L double positive cells and make up &gt;65% of the cells in all of samples. All panels in a column share common x-axis and y-axis parameters. In each row, from top to bottom, are shown data from T cells transposed with (top), 2.5 microgram (μg) of the Sleeping Beauty transposon SB100x, (second from top) 5 μg of SB100x, (3 rd  from top) 10 μg of SB100x, (second from bottom) 5 μg of the piggyBac transposon P-BCMA-101 and at bottom, an unstained control. The x-axis, in order from left to right, in the first and second columns shows Forward Scatter (FSC), units from 0 to 250 thousand (abbreviated “k”), in increments of 50 k. The x axis of the third column from the left shows CD8 expression, with markings reading from 0 to 10 5  incrementing by powers of 10. The final right hand column shows CD62L expression, with markings reading from 0 to 10 5  incrementing by powers of 10. The y-axis, in the first column, shows Side Scatter (SSC), in units from 0 to 250 k in increments of 50 k. The y-axis in the second column from the left shows expression of the cell viability marker 7 aminoactinomycin D (7AAD), from 0 to 10 5  incrementing by powers of 10. The y-axis of the third column from the left shows the expression of the marker CD4, from 0 to 10 5  incrementing by powers of 10. The y-axis in the right hand column show expression of the marker CD45RA, from 0 to 10 5  incrementing by powers of 10. 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram showing the human coagulation pathway leading to blood clotting. Contact activation, for example by damaging an endothelium, activates an intrinsic clotting pathway. Tissue factors activate an extrinsic clotting pathway, for example following trauma. Both pathways converge onto the conversion of Prothrombin into Thrombin, which catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin. Polymerized fibrin together with platelets forms a clot. In the absence of Factor IX (circled), clotting is defective. Factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency leads to development of Hemophilia A. Factor IX (FIX) deficiency leads to development of Hemophilia B. Hemophilia B is a rare disease, occurring with a frequency of about one in between 25,000 and 30,000. Sixty percent of hemophilia B cases are severe. Fewer than one percent of individuals with Hemophilia B have normal FIX levels. Prior to the compositions and methods of the disclosure, the standard treatment for hemophilia B involved an infusion of recombinant FIX every 2 to 3 days, at an expense of approximately $250,000 per year. In sharp contrast to this standard treatment option, T SCM  cells of the disclosure are maintained in humans for several decades. 
         FIG. 12  is a series of Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS plots) depicting FIX-secreting T cells. T cells encoding a human Factor IX transgene showed a T SCM  phenotype in approximately 80% of cells. The 6 panels are described in order from left to right. (1) Forward scatter (FSC) on the x-axis versus side scatter (SSC) on the y-axis. The x-axis is from 0 to 250 thousand (abbreviated k) in increments of 50 k, the y-axis is for 0 to 250 k, in increments of 50 k. (2) FSC on the x-axis versus the cell viability marker 7 aminoactinomycin D (7AAD). The x-axis is labeled from 0 to 250 k in increments of 50 k. The y-axis reads, from top to bottom, −10 3 , 0, 10 3 , 10 4 , 10 5 . (3) On the x-axis is shown anti-CD56-APC conjugated to a Cy7 dye (CDC56-APC-Cy7), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. On the y-axis is shown anti-CD3 conjugated to phycoerythrin (PE), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. (4) On the x-axis is shown anti-CD8 conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. On the y-axis is shown anti-CD4 conjugated to Brilliant Violet 650 dye (BV650), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. (5) On the x-axis is shown an anti CD62L antibody conjugated to a Brilliant Violet 421 dye (BV421), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. On the y-axis is shown an anti-CD45RA antibody conjugated to PE and Cy7, units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. This panel is boxed. (6) On the x-axis is shown an anti-CCR7 antibody conjugated to Brilliant Violet 786 (BV786), units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. On the y-axis is shown anti-CD45RA conjugated to PE and Cy7, units from 0 to 10 5  incrementing in powers of 10. 
         FIG. 13A  is a graph showing human Factor IX secretion during production of modified T cells of the disclosure. On the y-axis, Factor IX concentration in nanograms (ng) per milliliter (mL) from 0 to 80 in increments of 20. On the x-axis are shown 9 day and 12 day T cells. 
         FIG. 13B  is a graph showing the clotting activity of the secreted Factor IX produced by the T cells. On the y-axis is shown percent Factor IX activity relative to human plasma, from 0 to 8 in increments of 2. On the x-axis are 9 and 12 day T cells. 
         FIGS. 14A-E  are a series of plasmid maps for site-specific integration into the AAVS1 site using either HR or MMEJ and corresponding sequences. Donor plasmids for testing stable integration into the genome of human pan T cells via A) site-specific (AAVS1) homologous recombination (HR), B) site-specific (AAVS1) microhomology-mediated end-joining (MMEJ) recombination and C) TTAA-specific piggyBac™ transposition. For HR and MMEJ donor plasmids, GFP-2A-DHFR gene expression cassettes were flanked by CRISPR/Cas9 targeting sites and homology arms for AAVS1 site integration; for piggyBac™ donor plasmid, GFP-2A-DHFR gene expression cassette is flanked by piggyBac™ transposon elements. The homology arms for the HR and MMEJ plasmids are 500 bp and 25 bp, respectively. Panels D and E depict SEQ ID NOs 41 and 42 respectively. 
         FIG. 15  is a graph showing transgene (GFP) expression in primary human pan T cells 3 days post-nucleofection. HR or MMEJ donor plasmids were co-delivered with or without CRISPR ribonucleoprotein (RNP) targeting reagents into pan T cells via nucleofection. T cells receiving donor plasmids alone were included as controls. Pan T cells were also modified using the piggyBac™ transposon delivery system. T cells were activated via TCR stimulation on Day 0 and GFP+ T cell percentage was accessed at day 3 post-nucleofection by flow cytometry and data are summarized in bar graph. 
         FIG. 16  is a graph showing transgene (GFP) expression in primary human pan T cells 11 days post-nucleofection and selection. Activated T cells with stably integrated transgenes were selected by methotrexate addition using the DHFR selection gene encoded in the bi-cistronic GFP-2A-DHFR integration cassettes. GFP+ cell percentage was assessed at Day 11 post-nucleofection by flow cytometry and data are summarized in bar graph. GFP+ cells were highly enriched via selection in pan T cells receiving transposition reagents, RNP plus HR or MMEJ donor plasmids, but not in T cells receiving donor plasmids alone. 
         FIG. 17A-C  is a series of graphs showing the phenotype of primary human pan T cells modified by HR and MMEJ at the AAVS1 site. The phenotype of GFP+CD8+ pan T cells was analyzed at Day 11 post-nucleofection by flow cytometry. A) Cells were stained with 7AAD (cell viability), CD4, CD8, CD45RA and CD62L, and FACS plots show gating strategy. CD8+ T cell subsets were defined by expression of CD45RA+CD62L+(stem cell memory T cells (T SCM )), CD45RA-CD62L+(central memory T cells (T CM )), CD45RA-CD62L-(effector memory T cells (Tem)), and CD45RA+CD62L-(T effectors (Teff)). B) Percentage of total GFP+CD8+ T cells in each T cell subset is summarized in bar graph. An enriched population of GFP+ Tscm was achieved in all cases using either the piggyBac™ transposon system, or HR and MMEJ in combination with Cas9 RNP. C) The total number of pan T cells was analyzed at day 13 post-nucleofection and data are summarized in bar graph. 
         FIG. 18A-B  is a pair of photographs of gel electrophoresis results showing site-specific integration into the AAVS1 site. Selected cells from each group were harvested and genomic DNA was extracted and used as template for PCR to confirm site-specific integration into the AAVS1 site for A) HR and B) MMEJ. Two pairs of primers individually amplify the 5′-end junction (with one primer priming the promoter region of the insertion EFla-2r CACCGGAGCCAATTCCCACT (SEQ ID NO: 36) and the other priming the AAVS1 region beyond the 500 bp homologue arm at the 5′-end AAVS-3r CTGCACCACGTGATGTCCTC (SEQ ID NO: 37), yielding a 0.73 kb DNA fragment for both HR or MMEJ) and 3′-end junction (with one primer priming the polyA signaling region SV40 pA-1r GTAACCATTATAAGCTGCAATAAACAAG (SEQ ID NO: 38) and the other priming the AAVS1 region beyond the 500 bp 5′-homologue arm AAVS-2f CTGGGGACTCTTTAAGGAAAGAAG (SEQ ID NO: 39), yielding a 0.76 kb DNA fragment for HR or MMEJ) of the AAVS1 target site. PCR products were displayed on Agarose gel. Non-specific bands in HR samples are the result of only a single round of PCR and would likely have been resolved given additional rounds. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The disclosure provides a method for producing human chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing-T cells using the piggyBac™ Transposon System under conditions that preserve or induce stem-cell memory T cells (T SCM ) with potent CAR activity (referred to herein as a CAR-T SCM . Compositions comprising CAR-T SCM  produced using the methods of the disclosure comprise ≥60% CAR-T SCM  and exhibit a distinct functional profile that is consistent with this T cell subset. Other T cell subsets found in the compositions of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, central memory CAR-T cells (CAR-T CM ), effector memory CAR-T cells (CAR-T EM ), effector CAR-T cells (CAR-T E ), and terminally-differentiated effector CAR-T cells (CAR-TTE). A linear pathway of differentiation may be responsible for generating these cells: Naïve T cells (T N )&gt;T SCM &gt;T CM &gt;T EM &gt;T E &gt;T TE , whereby T N  is the parent precursor cell that directly gives rise to T SCM , which then, in turn, directly gives rise to T CM , etc. Compositions comprising CAR-T SCM , CARTyrin-T SCM  and/or VCAR-T SCM  of the disclosure may comprise one or more of each parental CAR-T cell subset with CAR-T SCM  being the most abundant (e.g. T SCM &gt;T CM &gt;T EM &gt;T E &gt;T TE ). While, the absolute quantities/abundances and relative proportions of each parental T cell subset may vary among samples of patient blood and naturally-occurring cell populations, and naturally-occurring cell populations may have a high abundance and/or proportion of T SCM , compositions of the disclosure comprising non-naturally occurring CAR-T SCM  are more potent and efficacious in treating patients against diseases and cancers. 
     Immunotherapy using chimeric-antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells is emerging as an exciting therapeutic approach for cancer therapies. Autologous CAR-modified T cells targeting a tumor-associated antigen (Ag) can result in robust tumor killing, in some cases resulting in complete remission of CD19 +  hematological malignancies. Unlike traditional biologics and chemotherapeutics, CAR-T cells possess the capacity to rapidly reproduce upon Ag recognition, thereby potentially obviating the need for repeat treatments. To achieve this, CAR-T cells must not only drive tumor destruction initially, but must also persist in the patient as a stable population of viable memory T cells to prevent potential cancer relapses. Thus, intensive efforts have been focused on the development of CAR molecules that do not cause T cell exhaustion through Ag-independent (tonic) signaling, as well as of a CAR-T product containing early memory cells, especially stem cell memory (T SCM ). A stem cell-like CAR-T would exhibit the greatest capacity for self-renewal and multipotent capacity to derive central memory (T CM ), effector memory (T EM ) and effector T cells (T E ), thereby producing better tumor eradication and long-term CAR-T engraftment. 
     CAR-T SCM  of the disclosure may comprise a Centyrin-based CAR, referred to as a CARTyrin (and hence, the cell may be referred to as a CARTyrin-T SCM ). Centyrins are alternative scaffold molecules based on human consensus tenascin FN3 domain, are smaller than scFv molecules, and can be selected for monomeric properties that favor stability and decrease the likelihood of tonic signaling in CAR molecules. CARTyrins of the disclosure may be introduced to T cells using a plasmid DNA transposon encoding the CARTyrin that is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements to help stabilize CARTyrin expression by blocking improper gene activation or silencing. 
     CAR-T SCM  of the disclosure may comprise a VHH-based CAR, referred to as a VCAR (and hence, the cell may be referred to as a VCAR-T SCM ) VCARs of the disclosure may be introduced to T cells using a plasmid DNA transposon encoding the VHH that is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements to help stabilize VHH expression by blocking improper gene activation or silencing. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the piggyBac™ (PB) Transposon System may be used for stable integration of antigen-specific (including cancer antigen-specific) CARTyrin or VCAR into resting pan T cells, whereby the transposon was co-delivered along with an mRNA transposase enzyme (although the transposon and transposase would be comprised in separate compositions until they were introduced into a cell), called Super piggyBac™ (SPB), in a single electroporation reaction. Delivery of piggyBac™ transposon into untouched, resting primary human pan T cells resulted in 20-30% of cells with stable integration and expression of PB-delivered genes. Unexpectedly, a majority of these modified CARTyrin-expressing T cells were positive for expression of CD62L and CD45RA, markers commonly associated with stem memory T-cells (T SCM  cells). To confirm that this phenotype was retained upon CAR-T cell stimulation and expansion, the modified CARTyrin-expressing T cells positive for expression of CD62L and CD45RA were activated via stimulation of CD3 and CD28. As a result of stimulation of CD3 and CD28, &gt;60% of CARTyrin+ T cells exhibited a stem-cell memory phenotype. Furthermore, these cells, which expressed a CARTyrin specific for a cancer antigen, were fully capable of expressing potent anti-tumor effector function. 
     To determine whether or not the PB system directly contributed to enhancing the expression of stem-like markers, the phenotype of CAR-T cells generated either by PB transposition or lentiviral (LV) transduction was compared. To do this, a new vector was constructed by subcloning the CARTyrin transgene into a common LV construct for production of virus. Following introduction of the CARTyrin to untouched resting T cells either by PB-transposition or LV-transduction, the CARTyrin +  cells were expanded and then allowed to return to a resting state. A variety of phenotypic and functional characteristics were measured including kinetic analysis of memory and exhaustion-associated markers, secondary proliferation in response to homeostatic cytokine or tumor-associated Ag, cytokine production, and lytic capability in response to target tumor cells. Unlike the PB-transposed CARTyrin +  T cells, the LV-transduced CARTyrin +  T cells did not exhibit an augmented memory phenotype. In addition, PB-transposed cells exhibited a comparable or greater capability for secondary proliferation and killing of target tumor cells. Together, these data demonstrate that CAR-T cells produced by PB transposition are predominantly T SCM  cells, a highly desirable product phenotype in the CAR-T field. Furthermore, these CARTyrin T cells exhibit strong anti-tumor activity and may give rise to cells that persist longer in vivo due to the use of a Centyrin-based CAR, which may be less prone to tonic signaling and functional exhaustion. 
     Chimeric Antigen Receptors 
     The disclosure provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising: (a) an ectodomain comprising an antigen recognition region, wherein the antigen recognition region comprises one or more sequences that each specifically bind an antigen; (b) a transmembrane domain, and (c) an endodomain comprising at least one costimulatory domain. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise two sequences that each specifically bind an antigen to produce a bi-specific or tandem CAR. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise three sequences that each specifically bind an antigen to produce a tri-specific CAR. In certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a signal peptide. Alternatively, or in addition, in certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a hinge between the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain. Sequences that each specifically bind an antigen may include, but not limited to, a single chain antibody (e.g. a scFv), a sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. a VHH, referred to in the context of a CAR as a VCAR), an antibody mimic, and a Centyrin (referred to in the context of a CAR as a CARTyrin). 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the signal peptide may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD2, CD3δ, CD3ε, CD3γ, CD3ζ, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD28, 4-1BB or GM-CSFR signal peptide. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the signal peptide may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD8a signal peptide. The human CD8a signal peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8). The human CD8a signal peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8). The human CD8a signal peptide may be encoded by a nucleic acid sequence comprising atggcactgccagtcaccgccctgctgctgcctctggctctgctgctgcacgcagctagacca (SEQ ID NO: 9). 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the transmembrane domain may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD2, CD3δ, CD3ε, CD3γ, CD3ζ, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD28, 4-1BB or GM-CSFR transmembrane domain. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the transmembrane domain may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD8α transmembrane domain. The CD8α transmembrane domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising IYIWAPLAGTCGVLLLSLVITLYC (SEQ ID NO: 10) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising IYIWAPLAGTCGVLLLSLVITLYC (SEQ ID NO: 10). The CD8a transmembrane domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising atctacatttgggcaccactggccgggacctgtggagtgctgctgctgagcctggtcatcacactgtactgc (SEQ ID NO: 11). 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the endodomain may comprise a human CD3ζ endodomain. 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the at least one costimulatory domain may comprise a human 4-1BB, CD28, CD40, ICOS, MyD88, OX-40 intracellular segment, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the at least one costimulatory domain may comprise a CD28 and/or a 4-1BB costimulatory domain. The CD28 costimulatory domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising RVKFSRSADAPAYKQGQNQLYNELNLGRREEYDVLDKRRGRDPEMGGKPRRKNPQEGL YNELQKDKMAEAYSEIGMKGERRRGKGHDGLYQGLSTATKDTYDALHMQALPPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising RVKFSRSADAPAYKQGQNQLYNELNLGRREEYDVLDKRRGRDPEMGGKPRRKNPQEGL YNELQKDKMAEAYSEIGMKGERRRGKGHDGLYQGL STATKDTYDALHMQALPPR (SEQ ID NO: 12). The CD28 costimulatory domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising cgcgtgaagtttagtcgatcagcagatgccccagcttacaaacagggacagaaccagctgtataacgagctgaatctgggccgccgagag gaatatgacgtgctggataagcggagaggacgcgaccccgaaatgggaggcaagcccaggcgcaaaaaccctcaggaaggcctgtat aacgagctgcagaaggacaaaatggcagaagcctattctgagatcggcatgaagggggagcgacggagaggcaaagggcacgatgg gctgtaccagggactgagcaccgccacaaaggacacctatgatgctctgcatatgcaggcactgcctccaagg (SEQ ID NO: 13). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising KRGRKKLLYIFKQPFMRPVQTTQEEDGCSCRFPEEEEGGCEL (SEQ ID NO: 14) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising KRGRKKLLYIFKQPFMRPVQTTQEEDGCSCRFPEEEEGGCEL (SEQ ID NO: 14). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising aagagaggcaggaagaaactgctgtatattttcaaacagccatcatgcgccccgtgcagactacccaggaggaagacgggtgctcctgtc gattccctgaggaagaggaaggcgggtgtgagctg (SEQ ID NO: 15). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may be located between the transmembrane domain and the CD28 costimulatory domain. 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the hinge may comprise a sequence derived from a human CD8α, IgG4, and/or CD4 sequence. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the hinge may comprise a sequence derived from a human CD8a sequence. The hinge may comprise a human CD8a amino acid sequence comprising TTTPAPRPPTPAPTIASQPLSLRPEACRPAAGGAVHTRGLDFACD (SEQ ID NO: 16) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising TTTPAPRPPTPAPTIASQPLSLRPEACRPAAGGAVHTRGLDFACD (SEQ ID NO: 16). The human CD8a hinge amino acid sequence may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising actaccacaccagcacctagaccaccaactccagctccaaccatcgcgagtcagcccctgagtctgagacctgaggcctgcaggccagct gcaggaggagctgtgcacaccaggggcctggacttcgcctgcgac (SEQ ID NO: 17). 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising the CAR of the disclosure and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     The disclosure provides a transposon comprising the CAR of the disclosure. Transposons of the disclosure be episomally maintained or integrated into the genome of the recombinant/modified cell. The transposon may be part of a two component piggyBac system that utilizes a transposon and transposase for enhanced non-viral gene transfer. 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene for identification, enrichment and/or isolation of cells that express the transposon. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for cell viability and survival. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for conferring resistance to a drug challenge against which the cell is sensitive (or which could be lethal to the cell) in the absence of the gene product encoded by the selection gene. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for viability and/or survival in a cell media lacking one or more nutrients essential for cell viability and/or survival in the absence of the selection gene. Exemplary selection genes include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), and NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2). 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide(s) located, for example, between one or more of a sequence that specifically binds an antigen and a selection gene of the disclosure. The at least one self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise a first and a second self-cleaving peptide, the first self-cleaving peptide located, for example, upstream of one or more of a sequence that specifically binds an antigen of the disclosure the second self-cleaving peptide located, for example, downstream of the one or more of a sequence that specifically binds an antigen of the disclosure. The first and/or the second self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 023). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising the transposon the disclosure. In certain embodiments, a method introducing the composition may further comprise a composition comprising a plasmid comprising a sequence encoding a transposase enzyme. The sequence encoding a transposase enzyme may be an mRNA sequence. 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise piggyBac transposons. Transposase enzymes of the disclosure may include piggyBac transposases or compatible enzymes. 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is a viral vector. The vector may be a recombinant vector. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise a sequence isolated or derived from a retrovirus, a lentivirus, an adenovirus, an adeno-associated virus or any combination thereof. The viral vector may comprise a sequence isolated or derived from an adeno-associated virus (AAV). The viral vector may comprise a recombinant AAV (rAAV). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure comprise two or more inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequences located in cis next to one or more of a sequence that specifically binds an antigen. Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to all serotypes (e.g. AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, and AAV9). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, self-complementary AAV (scAAV) and AAV hybrids containing the genome of one serotype and the capsid of another serotype (e.g. AAV2/5, AAV-DJ and AAV-DJ8). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, rAAV-LK03. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival when challenged by selective cell culture conditions. Selective cell culture conditions may comprise a compound harmful to cell viability or survival and wherein the gene product confers resistance to the compound. Exemplary selection genes of the disclosure may include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2) or any combination thereof. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide. In some embodiments, the vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and a selection gene. In some embodiments, the vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located upstream of a CAR and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of a CAR. The self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is an mRNA vector. The vector may be a recombinant mRNA vector. T cells of the disclosure may be expanded prior to contacting the T-cell and the mRNA vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. The T cell comprising the mRNA vector, the modified T cell, may then be administered to a subject. 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is a nanoparticle. Exemplary nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, nucleic acids (e.g. RNA, DNA, synthetic nucleotides, modified nucleotides or any combination thereof), amino acids (L-amino acids, D-amino acids, synthetic amino acids, modified amino acids, or any combination thereof), polymers (e.g. polymersomes), micelles, lipids (e.g. liposomes), organic molecules (e.g. carbon atoms, sheets, fibers, tubes), inorganic molecules (e.g. calcium phosphate or gold) or any combination thereof. A nanoparticle vector may be passively or actively transported across a cell membrane. 
     Nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival when challenged by selective cell culture conditions. Selective cell culture conditions may comprise a compound harmful to cell viability or survival and wherein the gene product confers resistance to the compound. Exemplary selection genes of the disclosure may include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2) or any combination thereof. 
     Nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located upstream of a CAR and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of a CAR. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of the CAR. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of the CAR, for example, between the CAR and a selection gene. The self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising a vector of the disclosure. 
     CARTyrins 
     The disclosure provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising: (a) an ectodomain comprising an antigen recognition region, wherein the antigen recognition region comprises at least one Centyrin; (b) a transmembrane domain, and (c) an endodomain comprising at least one costimulatory domain. As used throughout the disclosure, a CAR comprising a Centyrin is referred to as a CARTyrin. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise two Centyrins to produce a bi-specific or tandem CAR. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise three Centyrins to produce a tri-specific CAR. In certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a signal peptide. Alternatively, or in addition, in certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a hinge between the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain. 
     The disclosure provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising: (a) an ectodomain comprising an antigen recognition region, wherein the antigen recognition region comprises at least one protein scaffold or antibody mimetic; (b) a transmembrane domain, and (c) an endodomain comprising at least one costimulatory domain. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise two scaffold proteins or antibody mimetics to produce a bi-specific or tandem CAR. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise three protein scaffolds or antibody mimetics to produce a tri-specific CAR. In certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a signal peptide. Alternatively, or in addition, in certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a hinge between the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain. 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the signal peptide may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD2, CD3δ, CD3ε, CD3γ, CD3ζ, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD28, 4-1BB or GM-CSFR signal peptide. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the signal peptide may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD8a signal peptide. The human CD8a signal peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8). The human CD8a signal peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the an amino acid sequence comprising MALPVTALLLPLALLLHAARP (SEQ ID NO: 8). The human CD8a signal peptide may be encoded by a nucleic acid sequence comprising atggcactgccagtcaccgccctgctgctgcctctggctctgctgctgcacgcagctagacca (SEQ ID NO: 9). 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the transmembrane domain may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD2, CD3δ, CD3ε, CD3γ, CD3ζ, CD4, CD8α, CD19, CD28, 4-1BB or GM-CSFR transmembrane domain. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the transmembrane domain may comprise a sequence encoding a human CD8a transmembrane domain. The CD8α transmembrane domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising IYIWAPLAGTCGVLLLSLVITLYC (SEQ ID NO: 10) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising IYIWAPLAGTCGVLLLSLVITLYC (SEQ ID NO: 10). The CD8α transmembrane domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising atctacatttgggcaccactggccgggacctgtggagtgctgctgctgagcctggtcatcacactgtactgc (SEQ ID NO: 11). 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the endodomain may comprise a human CD3ζ endodomain. 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the at least one costimulatory domain may comprise a human 4-1BB, CD28, CD40, ICOS, MyD88, OX-40 intracellular segment, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the at least one costimulatory domain may comprise a CD28 and/or a 4-1BB costimulatory domain. The CD28 costimulatory domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising RVKFSRSADAPAYKQGQNQLYNELNLGRREEYDVLDKRRGRDPEMGGKPRRKNPQEGL YNELQKDKMAEAYSEIGMKGERRRGKGHDGLYQGL STATKDTYDALHMQALPPR (SEQ ID NO: 12) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising RVKFSRSADAPAYKQGQNQLYNELNLGRREEYDVLDKRRGRDPEMGGKPRRKNPQEGL YNELQKDKMAEAYSEIGMKGERRRGKGHDGLYQGL STATKDTYDALHMQALPPR (SEQ ID NO: 12). The CD28 costimulatory domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising cgcgtgaagtttagtcgatcagcagatgccccagcttacaaacagggacagaaccagctgtataacgagctgaatctgggccgccgagag gaatatgacgtgctggataagcggagaggacgcgaccccgaaatgggaggcaagcccaggcgcaaaaaccctcaggaaggcctgtat aacgagctgcagaaggacaaaatggcagaagcctattctgagatcggcatgaagggggagcgacggagaggcaaagggcacgatgg gctgtaccagggactgagcaccgccacaaaggacacctatgatgctctgcatatgcaggcactgcctccaagg (SEQ ID NO: 13). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising KRGRKKLLYIFKQPFMRPVQTTQEEDGCSCRFPEEEEGGCEL (SEQ ID NO: 14) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising KRGRKKLLYIFKQPFMRPVQTTQEEDGCSCRFPEEEEGGCEL (SEQ ID NO: 14). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising aagagaggcaggaagaaactgctgtatattttcaaacagccatcatgcgccccgtgcagactacccaggaggaagacgggtgctcctgtc gattccctgaggaagaggaaggcgggtgtgagctg (SEQ ID NO: 15). The 4-1BB costimulatory domain may be located between the transmembrane domain and the CD28 costimulatory domain. 
     In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the hinge may comprise a sequence derived from a human CD8α, IgG4, and/or CD4 sequence. In certain embodiments of the CARs of the disclosure, the hinge may comprise a sequence derived from a human CD8α sequence. The hinge may comprise a human CD8α amino acid sequence comprising TTTPAPRPPTPAPTIASQPLSLRPEACRPAAGGAVHTRGLDFACD (SEQ ID NO: 16) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising TTTPAPRPPTPAPTIASQPLSLRPEACRPAAGGAVHTRGLDFACD (SEQ ID NO: 16). The human CD8α hinge amino acid sequence may be encoded by the nucleic acid sequence comprising actaccacaccagcacctagaccaccaactccagctccaaccatcgcgagtcagcccctgagtctgagacctgaggcctgcaggccagct gcaggaggagctgtgcacaccaggggcctggacttcgcctgcgac (SEQ ID NO: 17). 
     Centyrins of the disclosure may comprise a protein scaffold, wherein the scaffold is capable of specifically binding an antigen. Centyrins of the disclosure may comprise a protein scaffold comprising a consensus sequence of at least one fibronectin type III (FN3) domain, wherein the scaffold is capable of specifically binding an antigen. The at least one fibronectin type III (FN3) domain may be derived from a human protein. The human protein may be Tenascin-C. The consensus sequence may comprise LPAPKNLVVSEVTEDSLRLSWTAPDAAFDSFLIQYQESEKVGEAINLTVPGSERSYDLTG LKPGTEYTVSIYGVKGGHRSNPLSAEFTT (SEQ ID NO: 1) or MLPAPKNLVVSEVTEDSLRLSWTAPDAAFDSFLIQYQESEKVGEAINLTVPGSERSYDLT GLKPGTEYTVSIYGVKGGHRSNPLSAEFTT (SEQ ID NO: 2). The consensus sequence may encoded by a nucleic acid sequence comprising atgctgcctgcaccaaagaacctggtggtgtctcatgtgacagaggatagtgccagactgtcatggactgctcccgacgcagccttcgatag ttttatcatcgtgtaccgggagaacatcgaaaccggcgaggccattgtcctgacagtgccagggtccgaacgctatatgacctgacagatct gaagcccggaactgagtactatgtgcagatcgccggcgtcaaaggaggcaatatcagatccctctgtccgcaatcttcaccaca (SEQ ID NO: 3). The consensus sequence may be modified at one or more positions within (a) a A-B loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues TEDS (SEQ ID NO: 43) at positions 13-16 of the consensus sequence; (b) a B-C loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues TAPDAAF (SEQ ID NO: 44) at positions 22-28 of the consensus sequence; (c) a C-D loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues SEKVGE (SEQ ID NO: 45) at positions 38-43 of the consensus sequence; (d) a D-E loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues GSER (SEQ ID NO: 46) at positions 51-54 of the consensus sequence; (e) a E-F loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues GLKPG (SEQ ID NO: 47) at positions 60-64 of the consensus sequence; (f) a F-G loop comprising or consisting of the amino acid residues KGGHRSN (SEQ ID NO: 48) at positions 75-81 of the consensus sequence; or (g) any combination of (a)-(f). Centyrins of the disclosure may comprise a consensus sequence of at least 5 fibronectin type III (FN3) domains, at least 10 fibronectin type III (FN3) domains or at least 15 fibronectin type III (FN3) domains. The scaffold may bind an antigen with at least one affinity selected from a K D  of less than or equal to 10 −9 M, less than or equal to 10 −10  M, less than or equal to 10 −11  M, less than or equal to 10 −12  M, less than or equal to 10 −13  M, less than or equal to 10 −14  M, and less than or equal to 10 −15  M. The K D  may be determined by surface plasmon resonance. 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising the CAR of the disclosure and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 
     The disclosure provides a transposon comprising the CAR of the disclosure. 
     Transposons of the disclosure be episomally maintained or integrated into the genome of the recombinant/modified cell. The transposon may be part of a two component piggyBac system that utilizes a transposon and transposase for enhanced non-viral gene transfer. 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene for identification, enrichment and/or isolation of cells that express the transposon. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for cell viability and survival. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for conferring resistance to a drug challenge against which the cell is sensitive (or which could be lethal to the cell) in the absence of the gene product encoded by the selection gene. Exemplary selection genes encode any gene product (e.g. transcript, protein, enzyme) essential for viability and/or survival in a cell media lacking one or more nutrients essential for cell viability and/or survival in the absence of the selection gene. Exemplary selection genes include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), and NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2). 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide(s) located, for example, between on or more of a protein scaffold, Centyrin or CARTyrin of the disclosure and a selection gene of the disclosure. The at least one self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise a first and a second self-cleaving peptide, the first self-cleaving peptide located, for example, upstream of one or more of a protein scaffold, Centyrin or CARTyrin of the disclosure the second self-cleaving peptide located, for example, downstream of the one or more of a protein scaffold, Centyrin or CARTyrin of the disclosure. The first and/or the second self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO:21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising the transposon the disclosure. In certain embodiments, a method introducing the composition may further comprise a composition comprising a plasmid comprising a sequence encoding a transposase enzyme. The sequence encoding a transposase enzyme may be an mRNA sequence. 
     Transposons of the disclosure may comprise piggyBac transposons. Transposase enzymes of the disclosure may include piggyBac transposases or compatible enzymes. 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is a viral vector. The vector may be a recombinant vector. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise a sequence isolated or derived from a retrovirus, a lentivirus, an adenovirus, an adeno-associated virus or any combination thereof. The viral vector may comprise a sequence isolated or derived from an adeno-associated virus (AAV). The viral vector may comprise a recombinant AAV (rAAV). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure comprise two or more inverted terminal repeat (ITR) sequences located in cis next to a sequence encoding a protein scaffold, Centyrin or CARTyrin of the disclosure. Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to all serotypes (e.g. AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAVS, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, and AAV9). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, self-complementary AAV (scAAV) and AAV hybrids containing the genome of one serotype and the capsid of another serotype (e.g. AAV2/5, AAV-DJ and AAV-DJ8). Exemplary adeno-associated viruses and recombinant adeno-associated viruses of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, rAAV-LK03. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival when challenged by selective cell culture conditions. Selective cell culture conditions may comprise a compound harmful to cell viability or survival and wherein the gene product confers resistance to the compound. Exemplary selection genes of the disclosure may include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2) or any combination thereof. 
     Viral vectors of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide. In some embodiments, the vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and a selection gene. In some embodiments, the vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located upstream of a CAR and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of a CAR. The self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is an mRNA vector. The vector may be a recombinant mRNA vector. T cells of the disclosure may be expanded prior to contacting the T-cell and the mRNA vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. The T cell comprising the mRNA vector, the modified T cell, may then be administered to a subject. 
     The disclosure provides a vector comprising the CAR of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, the vector is a nanoparticle. Exemplary nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, nucleic acids (e.g. RNA, DNA, synthetic nucleotides, modified nucleotides or any combination thereof), amino acids (L-amino acids, D-amino acids, synthetic amino acids, modified amino acids, or any combination thereof), polymers (e.g. polymersomes), micelles, lipids (e.g. liposomes), organic molecules (e.g. carbon atoms, sheets, fibers, tubes), inorganic molecules (e.g. calcium phosphate or gold) or any combination thereof. A nanoparticle vector may be passively or actively transported across a cell membrane. 
     Nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure may comprise a selection gene. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival. The selection gene may encode a gene product essential for cell viability and survival when challenged by selective cell culture conditions. Selective cell culture conditions may comprise a compound harmful to cell viability or survival and wherein the gene product confers resistance to the compound. Exemplary selection genes of the disclosure may include, but are not limited to, neo (conferring resistance to neomycin), DHFR (encoding Dihydrofolate Reductase and conferring resistance to Methotrexate), TYMS (encoding Thymidylate Synthetase), MGMT (encoding O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase), multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), ALDH1 (encoding Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1), FRANCF, RAD51C (encoding RAD51 Paralog C), GCS (encoding glucosylceramide synthase), NKX2.2 (encoding NK2 Homeobox 2) or any combination thereof. 
     Nanoparticle vectors of the disclosure may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located upstream of a CAR and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of a CAR. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of the CAR. In some embodiments, the nanoparticle vector may comprise at least one self-cleaving peptide and wherein a first self-cleaving peptide is located between a CAR and the nanoparticle and a second self-cleaving peptide is located downstream of the CAR, for example, between the CAR and a selection gene. The self-cleaving peptide may comprise, for example, a T2A peptide, GSG-T2A peptide, an E2A peptide, a GSG-E2A peptide, an F2A peptide, a GSG-F2A peptide, a P2A peptide, or a GSG-P2A peptide. A T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising EGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 18). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGEGRGSLLTCGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 19). A GSG-T2A peptide may comprise a nucleic acid sequence comprising ggatctggagagggaaggggaagcctgctgacctgtggagacgtggaggaaaacccaggacca (SEQ ID NO: 20). An E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising QCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 21). A GSG-E2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGQCTNYALLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 22). An F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising VKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 23). A GSG-F2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGVKQTLNFDLLKLAGDVESNPGP (SEQ ID NO: 24). A P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising ATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 25). A GSG-P2A peptide may comprise an amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26) or a sequence having at least 70%, 80%, 90%, 95%, or 99% identity to the amino acid sequence comprising GSGATNFSLLKQAGDVEENPGP (SEQ ID NO: 26). 
     The disclosure provides a composition comprising a vector of the disclosure. 
     Scaffold Proteins 
     A Centyrin is one example of a protein scaffold of the disclosure. An antigen recognition region of a CAR of the disclosure may comprise at least one protein scaffold. 
     Protein scaffolds of the disclosure may be derived from a fibronectin type III (FN3) repeat protein, encoding or complementary nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, compositions, combinations, formulations, devices, and methods of making and using them. In a preferred embodiment, the protein scaffold is comprised of a consensus sequence of multiple FN3 domains from human Tenascin-C (hereinafter “Tenascin”). In a further preferred embodiment, the protein scaffold of the present invention is a consensus sequence of 15 FN3 domains. The protein scaffolds of the disclosure can be designed to bind various molecules, for example, a cellular target protein. In a preferred embodiment, the protein scaffolds of the disclosure can be designed to bind an epitope of a wild type and/or variant form of an antigen. 
     Protein scaffolds of the disclosure may include additional molecules or moieties, for example, the Fc region of an antibody, albumin binding domain, or other moiety influencing half-life. In further embodiments, the protein scaffolds of the disclosure may be bound to a nucleic acid molecule that may encode the protein scaffold. 
     The disclosure provides at least one method for expressing at least one protein scaffold based on a consensus sequence of multiple FN3 domains, in a host cell, comprising culturing a host cell as described herein under conditions wherein at least one protein scaffold is expressed in detectable and/or recoverable amounts. 
     The disclosure provides at least one composition comprising (a) a protein scaffold based on a consensus sequence of multiple FN3 domains and/or encoding nucleic acid as described herein; and (b) a suitable and/or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent. 
     The disclosure provides a method of generating libraries of a protein scaffold based on a fibronectin type III (FN3) repeat protein, preferably, a consensus sequence of multiple FN3 domains and, more preferably, a consensus sequence of multiple FN3 domains from human Tenascin. The library is formed by making successive generations of scaffolds by altering (by mutation) the amino acids or the number of amino acids in the molecules in particular positions in portions of the scaffold, e.g., loop regions. Libraries can be generated by altering the amino acid composition of a single loop or the simultaneous alteration of multiple loops or additional positions of the scaffold molecule. The loops that are altered can be lengthened or shortened accordingly. Such libraries can be generated to include all possible amino acids at each position, or a designed subset of amino acids. The library members can be used for screening by display, such as in vitro or CIS display (DNA, RNA, ribosome display, etc.), yeast, bacterial, and phage display. 
     Protein scaffolds of the disclosure provide enhanced biophysical properties, such as stability under reducing conditions and solubility at high concentrations; they may be expressed and folded in prokaryotic systems, such as  E. coli , in eukaryotic systems, such as yeast, and in in vitro transcription/translation systems, such as the rabbit reticulocyte lysate system. 
     The disclosure provides an isolated, recombinant and/or synthetic protein scaffold based on a consensus sequence of fibronectin type III (FN3) repeat protein, including, without limitation, mammalian-derived scaffold, as well as compositions and encoding nucleic acid molecules comprising at least one polynucleotide encoding protein scaffold based on the consensus FN3 sequence. The disclosure further includes, but is not limited to, methods of making and using such nucleic acids and protein scaffolds, including diagnostic and therapeutic compositions, methods and devices. 
     The protein scaffolds of the disclosure offer advantages over conventional therapeutics, such as ability to administer locally, orally, or cross the blood-brain barrier, ability to express in  E. Coli  allowing for increased expression of protein as a function of resources versus mammalian cell expression ability to be engineered into bispecific or tandem molecules that bind to multiple targets or multiple epitopes of the same target, ability to be conjugated to drugs, polymers, and probes, ability to be formulated to high concentrations, and the ability of such molecules to effectively penetrate diseased tissues and tumors. 
     Moreover, the protein scaffolds possess many of the properties of antibodies in relation to their fold that mimics the variable region of an antibody. This orientation enables the FN3 loops to be exposed similar to antibody complementarity determining regions (CDRs). They should be able to bind to cellular targets and the loops can be altered, e.g., affinity matured, to improve certain binding or related properties. 
     Three of the six loops of the protein scaffold of the disclosure correspond topologically to the complementarity determining regions (CDRs 1-3), i.e., antigen-binding regions, of an antibody, while the remaining three loops are surface exposed in a manner similar to antibody CDRs. These loops span at or about residues 13-16, 22-28, 38-43, 51-54, 60-64, and 75-81 of SEQ ID NO: 1. Preferably, the loop regions at or about residues 22-28, 51-54, and 75-81 are altered for binding specificity and affinity. One or more of these loop regions are randomized with other loop regions and/or other strands maintaining their sequence as backbone portions to populate a library and potent binders can be selected from the library having high affinity for a particular protein target. One or more of the loop regions can interact with a target protein similar to an antibody CDR interaction with the protein. 
     Scaffolds of the disclosure may comprise a single chain antibody (e.g. a scFv). Single chain antibodies of the disclosure may comprise three light chain and three heavy chain CDRs of an antibody. In certain embodiments, the single chain antibodies of the disclosure comprise three light chain and three heavy chain CDRs of an antibody, wherein the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the single chain antibody are human sequences. The disclosure provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising: (a) an ectodomain comprising an antigen recognition region, wherein the antigen recognition region comprises at least one single chain antibody (e.g. a scFv); (b) a transmembrane domain, and (c) an endodomain comprising at least one costimulatory domain. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise two single chain antibodies (e.g. two scFvs) to produce a bi-specific or tandem CAR. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise three single chain antibodies (e.g. three scFvs) to produce a tri-specific CAR. In certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a signal peptide. Alternatively, or in addition, in certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a hinge between the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain. 
     Scaffolds of the disclosure may comprise a sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. a VHH). Sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody of the disclosure may comprise two heavy chain variable regions of an antibody. In certain embodiments, the sequence comprises two heavy chain variable regions of an antibody, wherein the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of the VHH are human sequences. Scaffolds of the disclosure may comprise a sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. a VHH). The disclosure provides a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) comprising: (a) an ectodomain comprising an antigen recognition region, wherein the antigen recognition region comprises at least one a sequence comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. a VHH); (b) a transmembrane domain, and (c) an endodomain comprising at least one costimulatory domain. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise two sequences comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. two VHHs) to produce a bi-specific or tandem CAR. In certain embodiments, the antigen recognition region may comprise three sequences comprising one or more fragments of an antibody (e.g. three VHHs) to produce a tri-specific CAR. In certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a signal peptide. Alternatively, or in addition, in certain embodiments, the ectodomain may further comprise a hinge between the antigen recognition region and the transmembrane domain. 
     Scaffolds of the disclosure may comprise an antibody mimetic. 
     The term “antibody mimetic” is intended to describe an organic compound that specifically binds a target sequence and has a structure distinct from a naturally-occurring antibody. Antibody mimetics may comprise a protein, a nucleic acid, or a small molecule. The target sequence to which an antibody mimetic of the disclosure specifically binds may be an antigen. Antibody mimetics may provide superior properties over antibodies including, but not limited to, superior solubility, tissue penetration, stability towards heat and enzymes (e.g. resistance to enzymatic degradation), and lower production costs. Exemplary antibody mimetics include, but are not limited to, an affibody, an afflilin, an affimer, an affitin, an alphabody, an anticalin, and avimer (also known as avidity multimer), a DARPin (Designed Ankyrin Repeat Protein), a Fynomer, a Kunitz domain peptide, and a monobody. 
     Affibody molecules of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold comprising or consisting of one or more alpha helix without any disulfide bridges. Preferably, affibody molecules of the disclosure comprise or consist of three alpha helices. For example, an affibody molecule of the disclosure may comprise an immunoglobulin binding domain. An affibody molecule of the disclosure may comprise the Z domain of protein A. 
     Affilin molecules of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold produced by modification of exposed amino acids of, for example, either gamma-B crystallin or ubiquitin. Affilin molecules functionally mimic an antibody&#39;s affinity to antigen, but do not structurally mimic an antibody. In any protein scaffold used to make an affilin, those amino acids that are accessible to solvent or possible binding partners in a properly-folded protein molecule are considered exposed amino acids. Any one or more of these exposed amino acids may be modified to specifically bind to a target sequence or antigen. 
     Affimer molecules of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold comprising a highly stable protein engineered to display peptide loops that provide a high affinity binding site for a specific target sequence. Exemplary affimer molecules of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold based upon a cystatin protein or tertiary structure thereof. Exemplary affimer molecules of the disclosure may share a common tertiary structure of comprising an alpha-helix lying on top of an anti-parallel beta-sheet. 
     Affitin molecules of the disclosure comprise an artificial protein scaffold, the structure of which may be derived, for example, from a DNA binding protein (e.g. the DNA binding protein Sac7d). Affitins of the disclosure selectively bind a target sequence, which may be the entirety or part of an antigen. Exemplary affitins of the disclosure are manufactured by randomizing one or more amino acid sequences on the binding surface of a DNA binding protein and subjecting the resultant protein to ribosome display and selection. Target sequences of affitins of the disclosure may be found, for example, in the genome or on the surface of a peptide, protein, virus, or bacteria. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, an affitin molecule may be used as a specific inhibitor of an enzyme. Affitin molecules of the disclosure may include heat-resistant proteins or derivatives thereof. 
     Alphabody molecules of the disclosure may also be referred to as Cell-Penetrating Alphabodies (CPAB). Alphabody molecules of the disclosure comprise small proteins (typically of less than 10 kDa) that bind to a variety of target sequences (including antigens). Alphabody molecules are capable of reaching and binding to intracellular target sequences. Structurally, alphabody molecules of the disclosure comprise an artificial sequence forming single chain alpha helix (similar to naturally occurring coiled-coil structures). Alphabody molecules of the disclosure may comprise a protein scaffold comprising one or more amino acids that are modified to specifically bind target proteins. Regardless of the binding specificity of the molecule, alphabody molecules of the disclosure maintain correct folding and thermostability. 
     Anticalin molecules of the disclosure comprise artificial proteins that bind to target sequences or sites in either proteins or small molecules. Anticalin molecules of the disclosure may comprise an artificial protein derived from a human lipocalin. Anticalin molecules of the disclosure may be used in place of, for example, monoclonal antibodies or fragments thereof. Anticalin molecules may demonstrate superior tissue penetration and thermostability than monoclonal antibodies or fragments thereof. Exemplary anticalin molecules of the disclosure may comprise about 180 amino acids, having a mass of approximately 20 kDa. Structurally, anticalin molecules of the disclosure comprise a barrel structure comprising antiparallel beta-strands pairwise connected by loops and an attached alpha helix. In preferred embodiments, anticalin molecules of the disclosure comprise a barrel structure comprising eight antiparallel beta-strands pairwise connected by loops and an attached alpha helix. 
     Avimer molecules of the disclosure comprise an artificial protein that specifically binds to a target sequence (which may also be an antigen). Avimers of the disclosure may recognize multiple binding sites within the same target or within distinct targets. When an avimer of the disclosure recognize more than one target, the avimer mimics function of a bi-specific antibody. The artificial protein avimer may comprise two or more peptide sequences of approximately 30-35 amino acids each. These peptides may be connected via one or more linker peptides. Amino acid sequences of one or more of the peptides of the avimer may be derived from an A domain of a membrane receptor. Avimers have a rigid structure that may optionally comprise disulfide bonds and/or calcium. Avimers of the disclosure may demonstrate greater heat stability compared to an antibody. 
     DARPins (Designed Ankyrin Repeat Proteins) of the disclosure comprise genetically-engineered, recombinant, or chimeric proteins having high specificity and high affinity for a target sequence. In certain embodiments, DARPins of the disclosure are derived from ankyrin proteins and, optionally, comprise at least three repeat motifs (also referred to as repetitive structural units) of the ankyrin protein. Ankyrin proteins mediate high-affinity protein-protein interactions. DARPins of the disclosure comprise a large target interaction surface. 
     Fynomers of the disclosure comprise small binding proteins (about 7 kDa) derived from the human Fyn SH3 domain and engineered to bind to target sequences and molecules with equal affinity and equal specificity as an antibody. 
     Kunitz domain peptides of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold comprising a Kunitz domain. Kunitz domains comprise an active site for inhibiting protease activity. Structurally, Kunitz domains of the disclosure comprise a disulfide-rich alpha+beta fold. This structure is exemplified by the bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor. Kunitz domain peptides recognize specific protein structures and serve as competitive protease inhibitors. Kunitz domains of the disclosure may comprise Ecallantide (derived from a human lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor (LACI)). 
     Monobodies of the disclosure are small proteins (comprising about 94 amino acids and having a mass of about 10 kDa) comparable in size to a single chain antibody. These genetically engineered proteins specifically bind target sequences including antigens. Monobodies of the disclosure may specifically target one or more distinct proteins or target sequences. In preferred embodiments, monobodies of the disclosure comprise a protein scaffold mimicking the structure of human fibronectin, and more preferably, mimicking the structure of the tenth extracellular type III domain of fibronectin. The tenth extracellular type III domain of fibronectin, as well as a monobody mimetic thereof, contains seven beta sheets forming a barrel and three exposed loops on each side corresponding to the three complementarity determining regions (CDRs) of an antibody. In contrast to the structure of the variable domain of an antibody, a monobody lacks any binding site for metal ions as well as a central disulfide bond. Multispecific monobodies may be optimized by modifying the loops BC and FG. Monobodies of the disclosure may comprise an adnectin. 
     Production and Generation of Scaffold Proteins 
     At least one scaffold protein of the disclosure can be optionally produced by a cell line, a mixed cell line, an immortalized cell or clonal population of immortalized cells, as well known in the art. See, e.g., Ausubel, et al., ed., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., NY, N.Y. (1987-2001); Sambrook, et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd Edition, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989); Harlow and Lane, Antibodies, a Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989); Colligan, et al., eds., Current Protocols in Immunology, John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc., NY (1994-2001); Colligan et al., Current Protocols in Protein Science, John Wiley &amp; Sons, NY, N.Y., (1997-2001). 
     Amino acids from a scaffold protein can be altered, added and/or deleted to reduce immunogenicity or reduce, enhance or modify binding, affinity, on-rate, off-rate, avidity, specificity, half-life, stability, solubility or any other suitable characteristic, as known in the art. 
     Optionally, scaffold proteins can be engineered with retention of high affinity for the antigen and other favorable biological properties. To achieve this goal, the scaffold proteins can be optionally prepared by a process of analysis of the parental sequences and various conceptual engineered products using three-dimensional models of the parental and engineered sequences. Three-dimensional models are commonly available and are familiar to those skilled in the art. Computer programs are available which illustrate and display probable three-dimensional conformational structures of selected candidate sequences and can measure possible immunogenicity (e.g., Immunofilter program of Xencor, Inc. of Monrovia, Calif.). Inspection of these displays permits analysis of the likely role of the residues in the functioning of the candidate sequence, i.e., the analysis of residues that influence the ability of the candidate scaffold protein to bind its antigen. In this way, residues can be selected and combined from the parent and reference sequences so that the desired characteristic, such as affinity for the target antigen(s), is achieved. Alternatively, or in addition to, the above procedures, other suitable methods of engineering can be used. 
     piggyBac Transposon System 
     The methods of the disclosure produce a modified T SCM  of the disclosure regardless of the method used for introducing an antigen receptor into a primary human T cell of the disclosure. The methods of the disclosure produce a modified T SCM  of the disclosure with greater efficacy and/or a greater abundance, proportion, yield of modified −T SCM  of the disclosure when the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein of the disclosure is introduced to the primary human T cell using the piggyBac transposon system. A piggyBac transposon system of the disclosure may comprise a piggyBac transposon comprising an antigen receptor of the disclosure. Preferably, the primary human T cell contacts a piggyBac transposon comprising an antigen receptor of the disclosure and a transposase of the disclosure simultaneously (or in very close temporal proximity, e.g. the primary human T cell, the transposon and the transposase are contained in the same container (such as a cuvette) prior to introduction of the transposon and transposase into the cell—however they would not be permitted to interact in the absence of the cell. Preferably, the primary human T cell contacts a piggyBac transposon comprising an antigen receptor of the disclosure and a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase of the disclosure simultaneously prior to introduction of the transposon and transposase into the cell. In certain preferred embodiments, the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase is an mRNA sequence encoding the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. 
     Additional disclosure regarding piggyBac transposons and Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposases may be found in International Patent Publication WO 2010/099296, U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,399,643, 9,546,382, 6,218,185, 6,551,825, 6,962,810, and 7,105,343, the contents of which are each herein incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
     The disclosure provides methods of introducing a polynucleotide construct comprising a DNA sequence into a host cell. Preferably, the introducing steps are mediated by the piggyBac transposon system. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon is a plasmid DNA transposon with a sequence encoding the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements. In certain embodiments, the transposon is a piggyBac transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a piggyBac transposon, the transposase is a piggyBac™ or a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposase is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase, the sequence encoding the transposase is an mRNA sequence. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme. The piggyBac (PB) transposase enzyme may comprise or consist of an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 4) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEI SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTGATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RMYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGYKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPNEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 4) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEI SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTGATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RMYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGYKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPNEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at two or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at three or more of positions 30, 165, 282, or 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the transposase enzyme is a piggyBac™ (PB) transposase enzyme that comprises or consists of an amino acid sequence having an amino acid substitution at each of the following positions 30, 165, 282, and 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 30 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for an isoleucine (I). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 165 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a serine (S) for a glycine (G). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 282 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 538 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an asparagine (N). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase enzyme is a Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzyme. In certain embodiments, the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzymes of the disclosure may comprise or consist of the amino acid sequence of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 wherein the amino acid substitution at position 30 is a substitution of a valine (V) for an isoleucine (I), the amino acid substitution at position 165 is a substitution of a serine (S) for a glycine (G), the amino acid substitution at position 282 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M), and the amino acid substitution at position 538 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase enzyme may comprise or consist of an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 5) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGSSLDDEHI LSALLQSDDE LVGEDSDSEV SDHVSEDDVQ SDTEEAFIDE VHEVQPTSSG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 SEILDEQNVI EQPGSSLASN RILTLPQRTI RGKNKHCWST SKSTRRSRVS ALNIVRSQRG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PTRMCRNIYD PLLCFKLFFT DEIISEIVKW TNAEISLKRR ESMTSATFRD TNEDEIYAFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 GILVMTAVRK DNHMSTDDLF DRSLSMVYVS VMSRDRFDFL IRCLRMDDKS IRPTLRENDV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FTPVRKIWDL FIHQCIQNYT PGAHLTIDEQ LLGFRGRCPF RVYIPNKPSK YGIKILMMCD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 SGTKYMINGM PYLGRGTQTN GVPLGEYYVK ELSKPVHGSC RNITCDNWFT SIPLAKNLLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 EPYKLTIVGT VRSNKREIPE VLKNSRSRPV GTSMFCFDGP LTLVSYKPKP AKMVYLLSSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 DEDASINEST GKPQMVMYYN QTKGGVDTLD QMCSVMTCSR KTNRWPMALL YGMINIACIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 SFIIYSHNVS SKGEKVQSRK KFMRNLYMSL TSSFMRKRLE APTLKRYLRD NISNILPKEV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PGTSDDSTEE PVMKKRTYCT YCPSKIRRKA NASCKKCKKV ICREHNIDMC QSCF. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ or Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 3, 46, 82, 103, 119, 125, 177, 180, 185, 187, 200, 207, 209, 226, 235, 240, 241, 243, 258, 296, 298, 311, 315, 319, 327, 328, 340, 421, 436, 456, 470, 486, 503, 552, 570 and 591 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ or Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 46, 119, 125, 177, 180, 185, 187, 200, 207, 209, 226, 235, 240, 241, 243, 296, 298, 311, 315, 319, 327, 328, 340, 421, 436, 456, 470, 485, 503, 552 and 570. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 3 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an asparagine (N) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 46 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 46 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a threonine (T) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 82 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for an isoleucine (I). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 103 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 119 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 125 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 125 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 177 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a histidine (H) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 180 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 185 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 187 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 200 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 207 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 209 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 226 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 235 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 240 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 241 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a phenylalanine (F). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 243 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 258 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tryptophan (W) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tyrosine (Y) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 296 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 298 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 311 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine for a proline (P). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 315 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 319 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a threonine (T). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 327 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 328 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a tyrosine (Y). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 340 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 340 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a cysteine (C). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 421 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a histidine (H) for the aspartic acid (D). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 436 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 456 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a tyrosine (Y) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 470 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a phenylalanine (F) for a leucine (L). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 485 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a leucine (L) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 503 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an isoleucine (I) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 552 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a lysine (K) for a valine (V). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 570 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a threonine (T) for an alanine (A). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 591 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a glutamine (Q). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 591 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an arginine (R) for a glutamine (Q). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at one or more of positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at two, three, four, five, six or more of positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the transposase comprises the above-described mutations at positions 30, 165, 282 and/or 538, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise or the Super piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at positions 103, 194, 372, 375, 450, 509 and 570 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 103 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a proline (P) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 450 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of an asparagine (N) for an aspartic acid (D). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 509 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a glycine (G) for a serine (S). In certain embodiments, the amino acid substitution at position 570 of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5 is a substitution of a serine (S) for an asparagine (N). In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, including those embodiments wherein the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may further comprise an amino acid substitution at positions 372, 375 and 450 of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 or SEQ ID NO: 5. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R) at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4, and a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K) at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4. In certain embodiments, the piggyBac™ transposase enzyme may comprise a substitution of a valine (V) for a methionine (M) at position 194 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for an arginine (R) at position 372 of SEQ ID NO: 4, a substitution of an alanine (A) for a lysine (K) at position 375 of SEQ ID NO: 4 and a substitution of an asparagine (N) for an aspartic acid (D) at position 450 of SEQ ID NO: 4. 
     By “introducing” is intended presenting to the plant the polynucleotide construct in such a manner that the construct gains access to the interior of the host cell. The methods of the invention do not depend on a particular method for introducing a polynucleotide construct into a host cell, only that the polynucleotide construct gains access to the interior of one cell of the host. Methods for introducing polynucleotide constructs into bacteria, plants, fungi and animals are known in the art including, but not limited to, stable transformation methods, transient transformation methods, and virus-mediated methods. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “endogenous” refers to nucleic acid or protein sequence naturally associated with a target gene or a host cell into which it is introduced. 
     By “stable transformation” is intended that the polynucleotide construct introduced into a plant integrates into the genome of the host and is capable of being inherited by progeny thereof. 
     By “transient transformation” is intended that a polynucleotide construct introduced into the host does not integrate into the genome of the host. 
     In preferred embodiments, the piggyBac transposon system is used to introduce exogenous sequences into a primary human T cell by stable transformation to generate a modified T SCM  or T CM . 
     Additional Transposon Systems 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). 
     The disclosure provides a method of producing a modified stem memory T-cell (T SCM ) or a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ), comprising introducing into a primary human T cell (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor or a therapeutic protein and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a modified T cell, wherein the modified T cell expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a modified stem memory T-cell (T SCM ) or a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a modified stem memory T-cell (T SCM ) or a modified central memory T-cell (T CM ). The disclosure provides a method of producing a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) or a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ), comprising introducing into a plurality of primary human T cells (a) a transposon composition comprising a transposon comprising an antigen receptor and (b) a transposase composition comprising a transposase or a sequence encoding the transposase; to produce a plurality of modified T cells, wherein at least 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between of the plurality of modified T cells expresses one or more cell-surface marker(s) of a stem memory T-cell (T SCM ) or a central memory T-cell (T CM ), thereby producing a plurality of modified stem memory T-cells (T SCM ) or a plurality of modified central memory T-cells (T CM ). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon. In certain embodiments, and, in particular, those embodiments wherein the transposon is a Sleeping Beauty transposon, the transposase is a Sleeping Beauty transposase or a hyperactive Sleeping Beauty transposase (SB100X). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the Sleeping Beauty transposase enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 6) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGKSKEISQD LRKKIVDLHK SGSSLGAISK RLKVPRSSVQ TIVRKYKHHG TTQPSYRSGR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 RRYLSPRDER TLVRKVQINP RTTAKDLVKM LEETGTKVSI STVKRVLYRH NLKGRSARKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PLLQNRHKKA RLRFATAHGD KDRTFWRNVL WSDETKIELF GHNDHRYVWR KKGEACKPKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 TIPTVKHGGG SIMLWGCFAA GGTGALHKID GIMRKENYVD ILKQHLKTSV RKLKLGRKWV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FQMDNDPKHT SKVVAKWLKD NKVKVLEWPS QSPDLNPIEN LWAELKKRVR ARRPTNLTQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 HQLCQEEWAK IHPTYCGKLV EGYPKRLTQV KQFKGNATKY. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the hyperactive Sleeping Beauty (SB100X) transposase enzyme comprises an amino acid sequence at least 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 99% or any percentage in between identical to: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 7) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MGKSKEISQD LRKRIVDLHK SGSSLGAISK RLAVPRSSVQ TIVRKYKHHG TTQPSYRSGR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 RRYLSPRDER TLVRKVQINP RTTAKDLVKM LEETGTKVSI STVKRVLYRH NLKGHSARKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 PLLQNRHKKA RLRFATAHGD KDRTFWRNVL WSDETKIELF GHNDHRYVWR KKGEACKPKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 TIPTVKHGGG SIMLWGCFAA GGTGALHKID GIMDAVQYVD ILKQHLKTSV RKLKLGRKWV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 FQHDNDPKHT SKVVAKWLKD NKVKVLEWPS QSPDLNPIEN LWAELKKRVR ARRPTNLTQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 HQLCQEEWAK IHPNYCGKLV EGYPKRLTQV KQFKGNATKY. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase is a Helitron transposase. Helitron transposases mobilize the Helraiser transposon, an ancient element from the bat genome that was active about 30 to 36 million years ago. An exemplary Helraiser transposon of the disclosure includes Helibat1, which comprises a nucleic acid sequence comprising: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 27) 
                   
               
               
                    1 TCCTATATAA TAAAAGAGAA ACATGCAAAT TGACCATCCC TCCGCTACGC TCAAGCCACG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 CCCACCAGCC AATCAGAAGT GACTATGCAA ATTAACCCAA CAAAGATGGC AGTTAAATTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 GCATACGCAG GTGTCAAGCG CCCCAGGAGG CAACGGCGGC CGCGGGCTCC CAGGACCTTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 GCTGGCCCCG GGAGGCGAGG CCGGCCGCGC CTAGCCACAC CCGCGGGCTC CCGGGACCTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 CGCCAGCAGA GAGCAGAGCG GGAGAGCGGG CGGAGAGCGG GAGGTTTGGA GGACTTGGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 GAGCAGGAGG CCGCTGGACA TAGAGCAGAG CGAGAGAGAG GGTGGCTTGG AGGGCGTGGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 TCCCTCTGTC ACCCCAGCTT CCTCATCACA GCTGTGGAAA CTGACAGCAG GGAGGAGGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 GTCCCACCCC CACAGAATCA GCCAGAATCA GCCGTTGGTC AGACAGCTCT CAGCGGCCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 ACAGCCAGGA CTCTCATTCA CCTGCATCTC AGACCGTGAC AGTAGAGAGG TGGGACTATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 TCTAAAGAAC AACTGTTGAT ACAACGTAGC TCTGCAGCCG AAAGATGCCG GCGTTATCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 CAGAAAATGT CTGCAGAGCA ACGTGCGTCT GATCTTGAAA GAAGGCGGCG CCTGCAACAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 AATGTATCTG AAGAGCAGCT ACTGGAAAAA CGTCGCTCTG AAGCCGAAAA ACAGCGGCGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 CATCGACAGA AAATGTCTAA AGACCAACGT GCCTTTGAAG TTGAAAGAAG GCGGTGGCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 CGACAGAATA TGTCTAGAGA ACAGTCATCA ACAAGTACTA CCAATACCGG TAGGAACTGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 CTTCTCAGCA AAAATGGAGT ACATGAGGAT GCAATTCTCG AACATAGTTG TGGTGGAATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 ACTGTTCGAT GTGAATTTTG CCTATCACTA AATTTCTCTG ATGAAAAACC ATCCGATGGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 AAATTTACTC GATGTTGTAG CAAAGGGAAA GTCTGTCCAA ATGATATACA TTTTCCAGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 TACCCGGCAT ATTTAAAAAG ATTAATGACA AACGAAGATT CTGACAGTAA AAATTTCATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 GAAAATATTC GTTCCATAAA TAGTTCTTTT GCTTTTGCTT CCATGGGTGC AAATATTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 TCGCCATCAG GATATGGGCC ATACTGTTTT AGAATACACG GACAAGTTTA TCACCGTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 GGAACTTTAC ATCCTTCGGA TGGTGTTTCT CGGAAGTTTG CTCAACTCTA TATTTTGGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 ACAGCCGAAG CTACAAGTAA AAGATTAGCA ATGCCAGAAA ACCAGGGCTG CTCAGAAAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 CTCATGATCA ACATCAACAA CCTCATGCAT GAAATAAATG AATTAACAAA ATCGTACAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 ATGCTACATG AGGTAGAAAA GGAAGCCCAA TCTGAAGCAG CAGCAAAAGG TATTGCTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 ACAGAAGTAA CAATGGCGAT TAAATACGAT CGTAACAGTG ACCCAGGTAG ATATAATTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1501 CCCCGTGTAA CCGAGGTTGC TGTCATATTC AGAAACGAAG ATGGAGAACC TCCTTTTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1561 AGGGACTTGC TCATTCATTG TAAACCAGAT CCCAATAATC CAAATGCCAC TAAAATGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1621 CAAATCAGTA TCCTGTTTCC TACATTAGAT GCAATGACAT ATCCTATTCT TTTTCCACAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1681 GGTGAAAAAG GCTGGGGAAC AGATATTGCA TTAAGACTCA GAGACAACAG TGTAATCGAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1741 AATAATACTA GACAAAATGT AAGGACACGA GTCACACAAA TGCAGTATTA TGGATTTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1801 CTCTCTGTGC GGGACACGTT CAATCCTATT TTAAATGCAG GAAAATTAAC TCAACAGTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1861 ATTGTGGATT CATATTCAAA AATGGAGGCC AATCGGATAA ATTTCATCAA AGCAAACCAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1921 TCTAAGTTGA GAGTTGAAAA ATATAGTGGT TTGATGGATT ATCTCAAATC TAGATCTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1981 AATGACAATG TGCCGATTGG TAAAATGATA ATACTTCCAT CATCTTTTGA GGGTAGTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2041 AGAAATATGC AGCAGCGATA TCAGGATGCT ATGGCAATTG TAACGAAGTA TGGCAAGCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2101 GATTTATTCA TAACCATGAC ATGCAACCCC AAATGGGCAG ATATTACAAA CAATTTACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2161 CGCTGGCAAA AAGTTGAAAA CAGACCTGAC TTGGTAGCCA GAGTTTTTAA TATTAAGCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2221 AATGCTCTTT TAAATGATAT ATGTAAATTC CATTTATTTG GCAAAGTAAT AGCTAAAATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2281 CATGTCATTG AATTTCAGAA ACGCGGACTG CCTCACGCTC ACATATTATT GATATTAGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2341 AGTGAGTCCA AATTACGTTC AGAAGATGAC ATTGACCGTA TAGTTAAGGC AGAAATTCCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2401 GATGAAGACC AGTGTCCTCG ACTTTTTCAA ATTGTAAAAT CAAATATGGT ACATGGACCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2461 TGTGGAATAC AAAATCCAAA TAGTCCATGT ATGGAAAATG GAAAATGTTC AAAGGGATAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2521 CCAAAAGAAT TTCAAAATGC GACCATTGGA AATATTGATG GATATCCCAA ATACAAACGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2581 AGATCTGGTA GCACCATGTC TATTGGAAAT AAAGTTGTCG ATAACACTTG GATTGTCCCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2641 TATAACCCGT ATTTGTGCCT TAAATATAAC TGTCATATAA ATGTTGAAGT CTGTGCATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2701 ATTAAAAGTG TCAAATATTT ATTTAAATAC ATCTATAAAG GGCACGATTG TGCAAATATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2761 CAAATTTCTG AAAAAAATAT TATCAATCAT GACGAAGTAC AGGACTTCAT TGACTCCAGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2821 TATGTGAGCG CTCCTGAGGC TGTTTGGAGA CTTTTTGCAA TGCGAATGCA TGACCAATCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2881 CATGCAATCA CAAGATTAGC TATTCATTTG CCAAATGATC AGAATTTGTA TTTTCATACC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2941 GATGATTTTG CTGAAGTTTT AGATAGGGCT AAAAGGCATA ACTCGACTTT GATGGCTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3001 TTCTTATTGA ATAGAGAAGA TTCTGATGCA CGTAATTATT ATTATTGGGA GATTCCACAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3061 CATTATGTGT TTAATAATTC TTTGTGGACA AAACGCCGAA AGGGTGGGAA TAAAGTATTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3121 GGTAGACTGT TCACTGTGAG CTTTAGAGAA CCAGAACGAT ATTACCTTAG ACTTTTGCTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3181 CTGCATGTAA AAGGTGCGAT AAGTTTTGAG GATCTGCGAA CTGTAGGAGG TGTAACTTAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3241 GATACATTTC ATGAAGCTGC TAAACACCGA GGATTATTAC TTGATGACAC TATCTGGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3301 GATACGATTG ACGATGCAAT CATCCTTAAT ATGCCCAAAC AACTACGGCA ACTTTTTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3361 TATATATGTG TGTTTGGATG TCCTTCTGCT GCAGACAAAT TATGGGATGA GAATAAATCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3421 CATTTTATTG AAGATTTCTG TTGGAAATTA CACCGAAGAG AAGGTGCCTG TGTGAACTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3481 GAAATGCATG CCCTTAACGA AATTCAGGAG GTATTCACAT TGCATGGAAT GAAATGTTCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3541 CATTTCAAAC TTCCGGACTA TCCTTTATTA ATGAATGCAA ATACATGTGA TCAATTGTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3601 GAGCAACAAC AGGCAGAGGT TTTGATAAAT TCTCTGAATG ATGAACAGTT GGCAGCCTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3661 CAGACTATAA CTTCAGCCAT CGAAGATCAA ACTGTACACC CCAAATGCTT TTTCTTGGAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3721 GGTCCAGGTG GTAGTGGAAA AACATATCTG TATAAAGTTT TAACACATTA TATTAGAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3781 CGTGGTGGTA CTGTTTTACC CACAGCATCT ACAGGAATTG CTGCAAATTT ACTTCTTGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3841 GGAAGAACCT TTCATTCCCA ATATAAATTA CCAATTCCAT TAAATGAAAC TTCAATTTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3901 AGACTCGATA TAAAGAGTGA AGTTGCTAAA ACCATTAAAA AGGCCCAACT TCTCATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3961 GATGAATGCA CCATGGCATC CAGTCATGCT ATAAACGCCA TAGATAGATT ACTAAGAGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4021 ATTATGAATT TGAATGTTGC ATTTGGTGGG AAAGTTCTCC TTCTCGGAGG GGATTTTCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4081 CAATGTCTCA GTATTGTACC ACATGCTATG CGATCGGCCA TAGTACAAAC GAGTTTAAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4141 TACTGTAATG TTTGGGGATG TTTCAGAAAG TTGTCTCTTA AAACAAATAT GAGATCAGAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4201 GATTCTGCTT ATAGTGAATG GTTAGTAAAA CTTGGAGATG GCAAACTTGA TAGCAGTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4261 CATTTAGGAA TGGATATTAT TGAAATCCCC CATGAAATGA TTTGTAACGG ATCTATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4321 GAAGCTACCT TTGGAAATAG TATATCTATA GATAATATTA AAAATATATC TAAACGTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4381 ATTCTTTGTC CAAAAAATGA GCATGTTCAA AAATTAAATG AAGAAATTTT GGATATACTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4441 GATGGAGATT TTCACACATA TTTGAGTGAT GATTCCATTG ATTCAACAGA TGATGCTGAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4501 AAGGAAAATT TTCCCATCGA ATTTCTTAAT AGTATTACTC CTTCGGGAAT GCCGTGTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4561 AAATTAAAAT TGAAAGTGGG TGCAATCATC ATGCTATTGA GAAATCTTAA TAGTAAATGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4621 GGTCTTTGTA ATGGTACTAG ATTTATTATC AAAAGATTAC GACCTAACAT TATCGAAGCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4681 GAAGTATTAA CAGGATCTGC AGAGGGAGAG GTTGTTCTGA TTCCAAGAAT TGATTTGTCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4741 CCATCTGACA CTGGCCTCCC ATTTAAATTA ATTCGAAGAC AGTTTCCCGT GATGCCAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4801 TTTGCGATGA CTATTAATAA ATCACAAGGA CAAACTCTAG ACAGAGTAGG AATATTCCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4861 CCTGAACCCG TTTTCGCACA TGGTCAGTTA TATGTTGCTT TCTCTCGAGT TCGAAGAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4921 TGTGACGTTA AAGTTAAAGT TGTAAATACT TCATCACAAG GGAAATTAGT CAAGCACTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4981 GAAAGTGTTT TTACTCTTAA TGTGGTATAC AGGGAGATAT TAGAATAAGT TTAATCACTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5041 TATCAGTCAT TGTTTGCATC AATGTTGTTT TTATATCATG TTTTTGTTGT TTTTATATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5101 TGTCTTTGTT GTTGTTATAT CATGTTGTTA TTGTTTATTT ATTAATAAAT TTATGTATTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5161 TTTTCATATA CATTTTACTC ATTTCCTTTC ATCTCTCACA CTTCTATTAT AGAGAAAGGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5221 CAAATAGCAA TATTAAAATA TTTCCTCTAA TTAATTCCCT TTCAATGTGC ACGAATTTCG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 5281 TGCACCGGGC CACTAG. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Unlike other transposases, the Helitron transposase does not contain an RNase-H like catalytic domain, but instead comprises a RepHel motif made up of a replication initiator domain (Rep) and a DNA helicase domain. The Rep domain is a nuclease domain of the HUH superfamily of nucleases. 
     An exemplary Helitron transposase of the disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence comprising: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 28) 
                   
               
               
                    1 MSKEQLLIQR SSAAERCRRY RQKMSAEQRA SDLERRRRLQ QNVSEEQLLE KRRSEAEKQR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 RHRQKMSKDQ RAFEVERRRW RRQNMSREQS STSTTNTGRN CLLSKNGVHE DAILEHSCGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 MTVRCEFCLS LNFSDEKPSD GKFTRCCSKG KVCPNDIHFP DYPAYLKRLM TNEDSDSKNF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 MENIRSINSS FAFASMGANI ASPSGYGPYC FRIHGQVYHR TGTLHPSDGV SRKFAQLYIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 DTAEATSKRL AMPENQGCSE RLMININNLM HEINELTKSY KMLHEVEKEA QSEAAAKGIA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 PTEVTMAIKY DRNSDPGRYN SPRVTEVAVI FRNEDGEPPF ERDLLIHCKP DPNNPNATKM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 KQISILFPTL DAMTYPILFP HGEKGWGTDI ALRLRDNSVI DNNTRQNVRT RVTQMQYYGF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 HLSVRDTFNP ILNAGKLTQQ FIVDSYSKME ANRINFIKAN QSKLRVEKYS GLMDYLKSRS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 ENDNVPIGKM IILPSSFEGS PRNMQQRYQD AMAIVTKYGK PDLFITMTCN PKWADITNNL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 QRWQKVENRP DLVARVFNIK LNALLNDICK FHLFGKVIAK IHVIEFQKRG LPHAHILLIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 DSESKLRSED DIDRIVKAEI PDEDQCPRLF QIVKSNMVHG PCGIQNPNSP CMENGKCSKG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 YPKEFQNATI GNIDGYPKYK RRSGSTMSIG NKVVDNTWIV PYNPYLCLKY NCHINVEVCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 SIKSVKYLFK YIYKGHDCAN IQISEKNIIN HDEVQDFIDS RYVSAPEAVW RLFAMRMHDQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 SHAITRLAIH LPNDQNLYFH TDDFAEVLDR AKRHNSTLMA WFLLNREDSD ARNYYYWEIP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 QHYVFNNSLW TKRRKGGNKV LGRLFTVSFR EPERYYLRLL LLHVKGAISF EDLRTVGGVT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 YDTFHEAAKH RGLLLDDTIW KDTIDDAIIL NMPKQLRQLF AYICVFGCPS AADKLWDENK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 SHFIEDFCWK LHRREGACVN CEMHALNEIQ EVFTLHGMKC SHFKLPDYPL LMNANTCDQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 YEQQQAEVLI NSLNDEQLAA FQTITSAIED QTVHPKCFFL DGPGGSGKTY LYKVLTHYIR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 GRGGTVLPTA STGIAANLLL GGRTFHSQYK LPIPLNETSI SRLDIKSEVA KTIKKAQLLI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 IDECTMASSH AINAIDRLLR EIMNLNVAFG GKVLLLGGDF RQCLSIVPHA MRSAIVQTSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 KYCNVWGCFR KLSLKTNMRS EDSAYSEWLV KLGDGKLDSS FHLGMDIIEI PHEMICNGSI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 IEATFGNSIS IDNIKNISKR AILCPKNEHV QKLNEEILDI LDGDFHTYLS DDSIDSTDDA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 EKENFPIEFL NSITPSGMPC HKLKLKVGAI IMLLRNLNSK WGLCNGTRFI IKRLRPNIIE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 AEVLTGSAEG EVVLIPRIDL SPSDTGLPFK LIRRQFPVMP AFAMTINKSQ GQTLDRVGIF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 LPEPVFAHGQ LYVAFSRVRR ACDVKVKVVN TSSQGKLVKH SESVFTLNVV YREILE. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Helitron transpositions, a hairpin close to the 3′ end of the transposon functions as a terminator. However, this hairpin can be bypassed by the transposase, resulting in the transduction of flanking sequences. In addition, Helraiser transposition generates covalently closed circular intermediates. Furthermore, Helitron transpositions can lack target site duplications. In the Helraiser sequence, the transposase is flanked by left and right terminal sequences termed LTS and RTS. These sequences terminate with a conserved 5′-TC/CTAG-3′ motif. A 19 bp palindromic sequence with the potential to form the hairpin termination structure is located 11 nucleotides upstream of the RTS and consists of the sequence GTGCACGAATTTCGTGCACCGGGCCACTAG (SEQ ID NO: 29). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the transposase is a Tol2 transposase. Tol2 transposons may be isolated or derived from the genome of the medaka fish, and may be similar to transposons of the hAT family. Exemplary Tol2 transposons of the disclosure are encoded by a sequence comprising about 4.7 kilobases and contain a gene encoding the Tol2 transposase, which contains four exons. An exemplary Tol2 transposase of the disclosure comprises an amino acid sequence comprising the following: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 30) 
                   
               
               
                   1 MEEVCDSSAA ASSTVQNQPQ DQEHPWPYLR EFFSLSGVNK DSFKMKCVLC LPLNKEISAF 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  61 KSSPSNLRKH IERMHPNYLK NYSKLTAQKR KIGTSTHASS SKQLKVDSVF PVKHVSPVTV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121 NKAILRYIIQ GLHPFSTVDL PSFKELISTL QPGISVITRP TLRSKIAEAA LIMKQKVTAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 181 MSEVEWIATT TDCWTARRKS FIGVTAHWIN PGSLERHSAA LACKRLMGSH TFEVLASAMN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 241 DIHSEYEIRD KVVCTTTDSG SNFMKAFRVF GVENNDIETE ARRCESDDTD SEGCGEGSDG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 301 VEFQDASRVL DQDDGFEFQL PKHQKCACHL LNLVSSVDAQ KALSNEHYKK LYRSVFGKCQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 361 ALWNKSSRSA LAAEAVESES RLQLLRPNQT RWNSTFMAVD RILQICKEAG EGALRNICTS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 421 LEVPMFNPAE MLFLTEWANT MRPVAKVLDI LQAETNTQLG WLLPSVHQLS LKLQRLHHSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 481 RYCDPLVDAL QQGIQTRFKH MFEDPEIIAA AILLPKFRTS WTNDETIIKR GMDYIRVHLE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 541 PLDHKKELAN SSSDDEDFFA SLKPTTHEAS KELDGYLACV SDTRESLLTF PAICSLSIKT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 601 NTPLPASAAC ERLFSTAGLL FSPKRARLDT NNFENQLLLK LNLRFYNFE. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     An exemplary Tol2 transposon of the disclosure, including inverted repeats, subterminal sequences and the Tol2 transposase, is encoded by a nucleic acid sequence comprising the following: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 31) 
                   
               
               
                    1 CAGAGGTGTA AAGTACTTGA GTAATTTTAC TTGATTACTG TACTTAAGTA TTATTTTTGG 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 GGATTTTTAC TTTACTTGAG TACAATTAAA AATCAATACT TTTACTTTTA CTTAATTACA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 TTTTTTTAGA AAAAAAAGTA CTTTTTACTC CTTACAATTT TATTTACAGT CAAAAAGTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 TTATTTTTTG GAGATCACTT CATTCTATTT TCCCTTGCTA TTACCAAACC AATTGAATTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 CGCTGATGCC CAGTTTAATT TAAATGTTAT TTATTCTGCC TATGAAAATC GTTTTCACAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 TATATGAAAT TGGTCAGACA TGTTCATTGG TCCTTTGGAA GTGACGTCAT GTCACATCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 TTACCACAAT GCACAGCACC TTGACCTGGA AATTAGGGAA ATTATAACAG TCAATCAGTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 GAAGAAAATG GAGGAAGTAT GTGATTCATC AGCAGCTGCG AGCAGCACAG TCCAAAATCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 GCCACAGGAT CAAGAGCACC CGTGGCCGTA TCTTCGCGAA TTCTTTTCTT TAAGTGGTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 AAATAAAGAT TCATTCAAGA TGAAATGTGT CCTCTGTCTC CCGCTTAATA AAGAAATATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 GGCCTTCAAA AGTTCGCCAT CAAACCTAAG GAAGCATATT GAGGTAAGTA CATTAAGTAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 TTTGTTTTAC TGATAGTTTT TTTTTTTTTT TTTTTTTTTT TTTTTGGGTG TGCATGTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 GACGTTGATG GCGCGCCTTT TATATGTGTA GTAGGCCTAT TTTCACTAAT GCATGCGATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 GACAATATAA GGCTCACGTA ATAAAATGCT AAAATGCATT TGTAATTGGT AACGTTAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 CCACGGGAAA TTTGGCGCCT ATTGCAGCTT TGAATAATCA TTATCATTCC GTGCTCTCAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 TGTGTTTGAA TTCATGCAAA ACACAAGAAA ACCAAGCGAG AAATTTTTTT CCAAACATGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 TGTATTGTCA AAACGGTAAC ACTTTACAAT GAGGTTGATT AGTTCATGTA TTAACTAACA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 TTAAATAACC ATGAGCAATA CATTTGTTAC TGTATCTGTT AATCTTTGTT AACGTTAGTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 AATAGAAATA CAGATGTTCA TTGTTTGTTC ATGTTAGTTC ACAGTGCATT AACTAATGTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 AACAAGATAT AAAGTATTAG TAAATGTTGA AATTAACATG TATACGTGCA GTTCATTATT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 AGTTCATGTT AACTAATGTA GTTAACTAAC GAACCTTATT GTAAAAGTGT TACCATCAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 ACTAATGTAA TGAAATCAAT TCACCCTGTC ATGTCAGCCT TACAGTCCTG TGTTTTTGTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 AATATAATCA GAAATAAAAT TAATGTTTGA TTGTCACTAA ATGCTACTGT ATTTCTAAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1381 TCAACAAGTA TTTAACATTA TAAAGTGTGC AATTGGCTGC AAATGTCAGT TTTATTAAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1441 GGTTAGTTCA CCCAAAAATG AAAATAATGT CATTAATGAC TCGCCCTCAT GTCGTTCCAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1501 GCCCGTAAGA CCTCCGTTCA TCTTCAGAAC ACAGTTTAAG ATATTTTAGA TTTAGTCCGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1561 GAGCTTTCTG TGCCTCCATT GAGAATGTAT GTACGGTATA CTGTCCATGT CCAGAAAGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1621 AATAAAAACA TCAAAGTAGT CCATGTGACA TCAGTGGGTT AGTTAGAATT TTTTGAAGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1681 TCGAATACAT TTTGGTCCAA AAATAACAAA ACCTACGACT TTATTCGGCA TTGTATTCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1741 TTCCGGGTCT GTTGTCAATC CGCGTTCACG ACTTCGCAGT GACGCTACAA TGCTGAATAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1801 AGTCGTAGGT TTTGTTATTT TTGGACCAAA ATGTATTTTC GATGCTTCAA ATAATTCTAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1861 CTAACCCACT GATGTCACAT GGACTACTTT GATGTTTTTA TTACCTTTCT GGACATGGAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1921 AGTATACCGT ACATACATTT TCAGTGGAGG GACAGAAAGC TCTCGGACTA AATCTAAAAT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1981 ATCTTAAACT GTGTTCCGAA GATGAACGGA GGTGTTACGG GCTTGGAACG ACATGAGGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2041 GAGTCATTAA TGACATCTTT TCATTTTTGG GTGAACTAAC CCTTTAATGC TGTAATCAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2101 GAGTGTATGT GTAATTGTTA CATTTATTGC ATACAATATA AATATTTATT TGTTGTTTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2161 ACAGAGAATG CACCCAAATT ACCTCAAAAA CTACTCTAAA TTGACAGCAC AGAAGAGAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2221 GATCGGGACC TCCACCCATG CTTCCAGCAG TAAGCAACTG AAAGTTGACT CAGTTTTCCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2281 AGTCAAACAT GTGTCTCCAG TCACTGTGAA CAAAGCTATA TTAAGGTACA TCATTCAAGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2341 ACTTCATCCT TTCAGCACTG TTGATCTGCC ATCATTTAAA GAGCTGATTA GTACACTGCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2401 GCCTGGCATT TCTGTCATTA CAAGGCCTAC TTTACGCTCC AAGATAGCTG AAGCTGCTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2461 GATCATGAAA CAGAAAGTGA CTGCTGCCAT GAGTGAAGTT GAATGGATTG CAACCACAAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2521 GGATTGTTGG ACTGCACGTA GAAAGTCATT CATTGGTGTA ACTGCTCACT GGATCAACCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2581 TGGAAGTCTT GAAAGACATT CCGCTGCACT TGCCTGCAAA AGATTAATGG GCTCTCATAC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2641 TTTTGAGGTA CTGGCCAGTG CCATGAATGA TATCCACTCA GAGTATGAAA TACGTGACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2701 GGTTGTTTGC ACAACCACAG ACAGTGGTTC CAACTTTATG AAGGCTTTCA GAGTTTTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2761 TGTGGAAAAC AATGATATCG AGACTGAGGC AAGAAGGTGT GAAAGTGATG ACACTGATTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2821 TGAAGGCTGT GGTGAGGGAA GTGATGGTGT GGAATTCCAA GATGCCTCAC GAGTCCTGGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2881 CCAAGACGAT GGCTTCGAAT TCCAGCTACC AAAACATCAA AAGTGTGCCT GTCACTTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 2941 TAACCTAGTC TCAAGCGTTG ATGCCCAAAA AGCTCTCTCA AATGAACACT ACAAGAAACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3001 CTACAGATCT GTCTTTGGCA AATGCCAAGC TTTATGGAAT AAAAGCAGCC GATCGGCTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3061 AGCAGCTGAA GCTGTTGAAT CAGAAAGCCG GCTTCAGCTT TTAAGGCCAA ACCAAACGCG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3121 GTGGAATTCA ACTTTTATGG CTGTTGACAG AATTCTTCAA ATTTGCAAAG AAGCAGGAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3181 AGGCGCACTT CGGAATATAT GCACCTCTCT TGAGGTTCCA ATGTAAGTGT TTTTCCCCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3241 TATCGATGTA AACAAATGTG GGTTGTTTTT GTTTAATACT CTTTGATTAT GCTGATTTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3301 CCTGTAGGTT TAATCCAGCA GAAATGCTGT TCTTGACAGA GTGGGCCAAC ACAATGCGTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3361 CAGTTGCAAA AGTACTCGAC ATCTTGCAAG CGGAAACGAA TACACAGCTG GGGTGGCTGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3421 TGCCTAGTGT CCATCAGTTA AGCTTGAAAC TTCAGCGACT CCACCATTCT CTCAGGTACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3481 GTGACCCACT TGTGGATGCC CTACAACAAG GAATCCAAAC ACGATTCAAG CATATGTTTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3541 AAGATCCTGA GATCATAGCA GCTGCCATCC TTCTCCCTAA ATTTCGGACC TCTTGGACAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3601 ATGATGAAAC CATCATAAAA CGAGGTAAAT GAATGCAAGC AACATACACT TGACGAATTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3661 TAATCTGGGC AACCTTTGAG CCATACCAAA ATTATTCTTT TATTTATTTA TTTTTGCACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3721 TTTTAGGAAT GTTATATCCC ATCTTTGGCT GTGATCTCAA TATGAATATT GATGTAAAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3781 ATTCTTGCAG CAGGTTGTAG TTATCCCTCA GTGTTTCTTG AAACCAAACT CATATGTATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3841 ATATGTGGTT TGGAAATGCA GTTAGATTTT ATGCTAAAAT AAGGGATTTG CATGATTTTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3901 GATGTAGATG ACTGCACGTA AATGTAGTTA ATGACAAAAT CCATAAAATT TGTTCCCAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 3961 CAGAAGCCCC TCAACCAAAC TTTTCTTTGT GTCTGCTCAC TGTGCTTGTA GGCATGGACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4021 ACATCAGAGT GCATCTGGAG CCTTTGGACC ACAAGAAGGA ATTGGCCAAC AGTTCATCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4081 ATGATGAAGA TTTTTTCGCT TCTTTGAAAC CGACAACACA TGAAGCCAGC AAAGAGTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4141 ATGGATATCT GGCCTGTGTT TCAGACACCA GGGAGTCTCT GCTCACGTTT CCTGCTATTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4201 GCAGCCTCTC TATCAAGACT AATACACCTC TTCCCGCATC GGCTGCCTGT GAGAGGCTTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4261 TCAGCACTGC AGGATTGCTT TTCAGCCCCA AAAGAGCTAG GCTTGACACT AACAATTTTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4321 AGAATCAGCT TCTACTGAAG TTAAATCTGA GGTTTTACAA CTTTGAGTAG CGTGTACTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4381 CATTAGATTG TCTGTCTTAT AGTTTGATAA TTAAATACAA ACAGTTCTAA AGCAGGATAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4441 AACCTTGTAT GCATTTCATT TAATGTTTTT TGAGATTAAA AGCTTAAACA AGAATCTCTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4501 GTTTTCTTTC TTGCTTTTAC TTTTACTTCC TTAATACTCA AGTACAATTT TAATGGAGTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4561 CTTTTTTACT TTTACTCAAG TAAGATTCTA GCCAGATACT TTTACTTTTA ATTGAGTAAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4621 ATTTTCCCTA AGTACTTGTA CTTTCACTTG AGTAAAATTT TTGAGTACTT TTTACACCTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4681 TG. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Homologous Recombination 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, a modified CAR-T SCM  or CAR-T CM  of the disclosure is produced by introducing an antigen receptor into a primary human T cell of the disclosure by homologous recombination. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the homologous recombination is induced by a single or double strand break induced by a genomic editing composition or construct of the disclosure. Homologous recombination methods of the disclosure comprise contacting a genomic editing composition or construct of the disclosure to a genomic sequence to induce at least one break in the sequence and to provide an entry point in the genomic sequence for an exogenous donor sequence composition. Donor sequence compositions of the disclosure are integrated into the genomic sequence at the induced entry point by the cell&#39;s native DNA repair machinery. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, homologous recombination introduces a sequence encoding an antigen receptor and/or a donor sequence composition of the disclosure into a “genomic safe harbor” site. In certain embodiments, a mammalian genomic sequence comprises the genomic safe harbor site. In certain embodiments, a primate genomic sequence comprises the genomic safe harbor site. In certain embodiments, a human genomic sequence comprises the genomic safe harbor site. 
     Genomic safe harbor sites are able to accommodate the integration of new genetic material in a manner that ensures that the newly inserted genetic elements function reliably (for example, are expressed at a therapeutically effective level of expression) and do not cause deleterious alterations to the host genome that cause a risk to the host organism. Potential genomic safe harbors include, but are not limited to, intronic sequences of the human albumin gene, the adeno-associated virus site 1 (AAVS1), a naturally occurring site of integration of AAV virus on chromosome 19, the site of the chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5) gene and the site of the human ortholog of the mouse Rosa26 locus. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, homologous recombination introduces a sequence encoding an antigen receptor and/or a donor sequence composition of the disclosure into a sequence encoding one or more components of an endogenous T-cell receptor or a major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In certain embodiments, inducing homologous recombination within a genomic sequence encoding the endogenous T-cell receptor or the MHC disrupts the endogenous gene, and optionally, replaces part of the coding sequence of the endogenous gene with a donor sequence composition of the disclosure. In certain embodiments, inducing homologous recombination within a genomic sequence encoding the endogenous T-cell receptor or the MHC disrupts the endogenous gene, and optionally, replaces the entire coding sequence of the endogenous gene with a donor sequence composition of the disclosure. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, introduction of a sequence encoding an antigen receptor or a donor sequence composition of the disclosure by homologous recombination operably links the antigen receptor to an endogenous T cell promoter. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, introduction of a sequence encoding an antigen receptor or a donor sequence composition of the disclosure by homologous recombination operably links the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein to a transcriptional or translational regulatory element. In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, introduction of a sequence encoding an antigen receptor or a donor sequence composition of the disclosure by homologous recombination operably links the antigen receptor or the therapeutic protein to a transcriptional regulatory element. In certain embodiments, the transcriptional regulatory element comprises an endogenous T cell 5′ UTR. 
     In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of at least one primary T cell of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of a portion of primary T cells of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments, the portion of primary T cells is at least 1%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 99% or any percentage in between of the total number of primary T cells in the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition contacts a genomic sequence of each primary T cell of the plurality of T cells. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition induces a single strand break. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, a genomic editing composition induces a double strand break. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the introduction step further comprises a donor sequence composition. In certain embodiments, the donor sequence composition comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor. In certain embodiments, the donor sequence composition comprises a sequence encoding the antigen receptor, a 5′ genomic sequence and a 3′ genomic sequence, wherein the 5′ genomic sequence is homologous or identical to a genomic sequence of the primary T cell that is 5′ to the break point induced by the genomic editing composition and the 3′ genomic sequence is homologous or identical to a genomic sequence of the primary T cell that is 3′ to the break point induced by the genomic editing composition. In certain embodiments, the 5′ genomic sequence and/or the 3′ genomic sequence comprises at least 50 bp, 100 bp, at least 200 bp, at least 300 bp, at least 400 bp, at least 500 bp, at least 600 bp, at least 700 bp, at least 800 bp, at least 900 bp, at least 1000 bp, at least 1100 bp, at least 1200 bp, at least 1300 bp, at least 1400, or at least 1500 bp, at least 1600 bp, at least 1700 bp, at least 1800 bp, at least 1900 bp, at least 2000 bp in length or any length of base pairs (bp) in between, inclusive of the end points. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition and donor sequence composition are contacted with the genomic sequence simultaneously or sequentially. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition and donor sequence composition are contacted with the genomic sequence sequentially, and the genomic editing composition is provided first. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition comprises a sequence encoding a DNA binding domain and a sequence encoding a nuclease domain. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition comprises a DNA binding domain and a nuclease domain. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a guide RNA (gRNA). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a DNA-binding domain of a TALEN. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the DNA binding domain comprises a DNA-binding domain of a ZFN. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises a Cas9 nuclease or a sequence thereof. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises an inactive Cas9 (SEQ ID NO: 33, comprising a substitution of a Alanine (A) for Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A) and a substitution of Alanine (A) for Histidine (H) at position 840 (H840A)). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises a short and inactive Cas9 (SEQ ID NO: 32, comprising a substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Aspartic Acid (D) at position 10 (D10A) and a substitution of an Alanine (A) for an Asparagine (N) at position 540 (N540A)). In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the type IIS endonuclease comprises AciI, Mn1I, AlwI, BbvI, BccI, BceAI, BsmAI, BsmFI, BspCNI, BsrI, BtsCI, HgaI, HphI, HpyAV, Mbo1I, My1I, PleI, SfaNI, AcuI, BciVI, BfuAI, BmgBI, BmrI, BpmI, BpuEI, BsaI, BseRI, BsgI, BsmI, BspMI, BsrBI, BsrBI, BsrDI, BtgZI, BtsI, EarI, EciI, MmeI, NmeAIII, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BspQI, SapI, BaeI, BsaXI, CspCI, BfiI, MboII, Acc36I, FokI or Clo051. In certain embodiments, the type IIS endonuclease comprises Clo051. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a TALEN or a nuclease domain thereof. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing composition, the nuclease domain comprises or further comprises a ZFN or a nuclease domain thereof. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the genomic editing composition induces a break in a genomic sequence and the donor sequence composition is inserted using the endogenous DNA repair mechanisms of the primary T cell. In certain embodiments of the introduction step comprising a homologous recombination, the insertion of the donor sequence composition eliminates a DNA binding site of the genomic editing composition, thereby preventing further activity of the genomic editing composition. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of homologous recombination of the disclosure, the nuclease domain of a genomic editing composition or construct is capable of introducing a break at a defined location in a genomic sequence of the primary human T cell, and, furthermore, may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of, a homodimer or a heterodimer. In certain embodiments, the nuclease is an endonuclease. Effector molecules, including those effector molecules comprising a homodimer or a heterodimer, may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of, a Cas9, a Cas9 nuclease domain or a fragment thereof. In certain embodiments, the Cas9 is a catalytically inactive or “inactivated” Cas9 (dCas9). In certain embodiments, the Cas9 is a catalytically inactive or “inactivated” nuclease domain of Cas9. In certain embodiments, the dCas9 is encoded by a shorter sequence that is derived from a full length, catalytically inactivated, Cas9, referred to herein as a “small” dCas9 or dSaCas9. 
     In certain embodiments, the inactivated, small, Cas9 (dSaCas9) operatively-linked to an active nuclease. In certain embodiments, the disclosure provides a fusion protein comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a DNA binding domain and molecule nuclease, wherein the nuclease comprises a small, inactivated Cas9 (dSaCas9). In certain embodiments, the dSaCas9 of the disclosure comprises the mutations D10A and N580A (underlined and bolded) which inactivate the catalytic site. In certain embodiments, the dSaCas9 of the disclosure comprises the amino acid sequence of: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 32) 
                   
               
               
                    1 MKRNYILGL   A    IGITSVGYGI IDYETRDVID AGVRLFKEAN VENNEGRRSK RGARRLKRRR 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 RHRIQRVKKL LFDYNLLTDH SELSGINPYE ARVKGLSQKL SEEEFSAALL HLAKRRGVHN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 VNEVEEDTGN ELSTKEQISR NSKALEEKYV AELQLERLKK DGEVRGSINR FKTSDYVKEA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 KQLLKVQKAY HQLDQSFIDT YIDLLETRRT YYEGPGEGSP FGWKDIKEWY EMLMGHCTYF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 PEELRSVKYA YNADLYNALN DLNNLVITRD ENEKLEYYEK FQIIENVFKQ KKKPTLKQIA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 KEILVNEEDI KGYRVTSTGK PEFTNLKVYH DIKDITARKE IIENAELLDQ IAKILTIYQS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 SEDIQEELTN LNSELTQEEI EQISNLKGYT GTHNLSLKAI NLILDELWHT NDNQIAIFNR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 LKLVPKKVDL SQQKEIPTTL VDDFILSPVV KRSFIQSIKV INAIIKKYGL PNDIIIELAR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 EKNSKDAQKM INEMQKRNRQ TNERIEEIIR TTGKENAKYL IEKIKLHDMQ EGKCLYSLEA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 IPLEDLLNNP FNYEVDHIIP RSVSFDNSFN NKVLVKQEE   A    SKKGNRTPFQ YLSSSDSKIS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 YETFKKHILN LAKGKGRISK TKKEYLLEER DINRFSVQKD FINRNLVDTR YATRGLMNLL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 RSYFRVNNLD VKVKSINGGF TSFLRRKWKF KKERNKGYKH HAEDALIIAN ADFIFKEWKK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 LDKAKKVMEN QMFEEKQAES MPEIETEQEY KEIFITPHQI KHIKDFKDYK YSHRVDKKPN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 RELINDTLYS TRKDDKGNTL IVNNLNGLYD KDNDKLKKLI NKSPEKLLMY HHDPQTYQKL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 KLIMEQYGDE KNPLYKYYEE TGNYLTKYSK KDNGPVIKKI KYYGNKLNAH LDITDDYPNS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 RNKVVKLSLK PYRFDVYLDN GVYKFVTVKN LDVIKKENYY EVNSKCYEEA KKLKKISNQA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 EFIASFYNND LIKINGELYR VIGVNNDLLN RIEVNMIDIT YREYLENMND KRPPRIIKTI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 ASKTQSIKKY STDILGNLYE VKSKKHPQII KKG. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments, the dCas9 of the disclosure comprises a dCas9 isolated or derived from  Staphyloccocus pyogenes . In certain embodiments, the dCas9 comprises a dCas9 with substitutions at positions 10 and 840 of the amino acid sequence of the dCas9 which inactivate the catalytic site. In certain embodiments, these substitutions are D10A and H840A. In certain embodiments, the amino acid sequence of the dCas9 comprises the sequence of: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 33) 
                   
               
               
                    1 XDKKYSIGL   A    IGTNSVGWAV ITDEYKVPSK KFKVLGNTDR HSIKKNLIGA LLFDSGETAE 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                   61 ATRLKRTARR RYTRRKNRIC YLQEIFSNEM AKVDDSFFHR LEESFLVEED KKHERHPIFG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  121 NIVDEVAYHE KYPTIYHLRK KLVDSTDKAD LRLIYLALAH MIKFRGHFLI EGDLNPDNSD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  181 VDKLFIQLVQ TYNQLFEENP INASGVDAKA ILSARLSKSR RLENLIAQLP GEKKNGLFGN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  241 LIALSLGLTP NFKSNFDLAE DAKLQLSKDT YDDDLDNLLA QIGDQYADLF LAAKNLSDAI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  301 LLSDILRVNT EITKAPLSAS MIKRYDEHHQ DLTLLKALVR QQLPEKYKEI FFDQSKNGYA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  361 GYIDGGASQE EFYKFIKPIL EKMDGTEELL VKLNREDLLR KQRTFDNGSI PHQIHLGELH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  421 AILRRQEDFY PFLKDNREKI EKILTFRIPY YVGPLARGNS RFAWMTRKSE ETITPWNFEE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  481 VVDKGASAQS FIERMTNFDK NLPNEKVLPK HSLLYEYFTV YNELTKVKYV TEGMRKPAFL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  541 SGEQKKAIVD LLFKTNRKVT VKQLKEDYFK KIECFDSVEI SGVEDRFNAS LGTYHDLLKI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  601 IKDKDFLDNE ENEDILEDIV LTLTLFEDRE MIEERLKTYA HLFDDKVMKQ LKRRRYTGWG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  661 RLSRKLINGI RDKQSGKTIL DFLKSDGFAN RNFMQLIHDD SLTFKEDIQK AQVSGQGDSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  721 HEHIANLAGS PAIKKGILQT VKVVDELVKV MGRHKPENIV IEMARENQTT QKGQKNSRER 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  781 MKRIEEGIKE LGSQILKEHP VENTQLQNEK LYLYYLQNGR DMYVDQELDI NRLSDYDVD   A     
               
               
                   
               
               
                  841 IVPQSFLKDD SIDNKVLTRS DKNRGKSDNV PSEEVVKKMK NYWRQLLNAK LITQRKFDNL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  901 TKAERGGLSE LDKAGFIKRQ LVETRQITKH VAQILDSRMN TKYDENDKLI REVKVITLKS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  961 KLVSDFRKDF QFYKVREINN YHHAHDAYLN AVVGTALIKK YPKLESEFVY GDYKVYDVRK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1021 MIAKSEQEIG KATAKYFFYS NIMNFFKTEI TLANGEIRKR PLIETNGETG EIVWDKGRDF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1081 ATVRKVLSMP QVNIVKKTEV QTGGFSKESI LPKRNSDKLI ARKKDWDPKK YGGFDSPTVA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1141 YSVLVVAKVE KGKSKKLKSV KELLGITIME RSSFEKNPID FLEAKGYKEV KKDLIIKLPK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1201 YSLFELENGR KRMLASAGEL QKGNELALPS KYVNFLYLAS HYEKLKGSPE DNEQKQLFVE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1261 QHKHYLDEII EQISEFSKRV ILADANLDKV LSAYNKHRDK PIREQAENII HLFTLTNLGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 1321 PAAFKYFDTT IDRKRYTSTK EVLDATLIHQ SITGLYETRI DLSQLGGD. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the nuclease domain may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a dCas9 or a dSaCas9 and a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the nuclease domain may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a dSaCas9 and a type IIS endonuclease, including, but not limited to, AciI, Mn1I, AlwI, BbvI, BccI, BceAI, BsmAI, BsmFI, BspCNI, BsrI, BtsCI, HgaI, HphI, HpyAV, Mbo1I, My1I, PleI, SfaNI, AcuI, BciVI, BfuAI, BmgBI, BmrI, BpmI, BpuEI, BsaI, BseRI, BsgI, BsmI, BspMI, BsrBI, BsrBI, BsrDI, BtgZI, BtsI, EarI, EciI, MmeI, NmeAIII, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BspQI, SapI, BaeI, BsaXI, CspCI, BfiI, MboII, Acc36I, FokI or Clo051. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the nuclease domain may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a dSaCas9 and Clo051. An exemplary Clo051 nuclease domain may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of, the amino acid sequence of: EGIKSNISLLKDELRGQISHISHEYL SLIDLAFDSKQNRLFEMKVLELLVNEYGFKGRHLG GSRKPDGIVYSTTLEDNFGIIVDTKAYSEGYSLPISQADEMERYVRENSNRDEEVNPNKW WENFSEEVKKYYFVFISGSFKGKFEEQLRRLSMTTGVNGSAVNVVNLLLGAEKIRSGEM TIEELERAMFNNSEFILKY (SEQ ID NO: 34). 
     An exemplary dCas9-Clo051 nuclease domain may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of, the amino acid sequence of (Clo051 sequence underlined, linker bold italics, dCas9 sequence in italics): 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 40) 
                   
               
               
                 MAPKKKRKV EGIKSNISLLKDELRGQISHISHEYLSLIDLAFDSKQNRLFEMKVLELLVNE   
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   YGFKGRHLGGSRKPDGIVYSTTLEDNFGIIVDTKAYSEGYSLPISQADEMERYVRENSNR 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   DEEVNPNKWWENFSEEVKKYYFVFISGSFKGKFEEQLRRLSMTTGVNGSAVNVVNLLL 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   GAEKIRSGEMTIEELERAMFNNSEFILKY 
                   
                   DKKYSIGLAIGTNSVGWAVITDEYKVPS 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   KKFKVLGNTDRHSIKKNLIGALLFDSGETAEATRLKRTARRRYTRRKNRICYLQEIFSNEMAKV 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   DDSFFHRLEESFLVEEDKKHERHPIFGNIVDEVAYHEKYPTIYHLRKKLVDSTDKADLRLIYLA 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   LAHMIKFRGHFLIEGDLNPDNSDVDKLFIQLVQTYNQLFEENPINASGVDAKAILSARLSKSRR 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   LENLIAQLPGEKKNGLFGNLIALSLGLTPNFKSNFDLAEDAKLQLSKDTYDDDLDNLLAQIGD 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   QYADLFLAAKNLSDAILLSDILRVNTEITKAPLSASMIKRYDEHHQDLTLLKALVRQQLPEKYK 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   EIFFDQSKNGYAGYIDGGASQEEFYKFIKPILEKMDGTEELLVKLNREDLLRKQRTFDNGSIP 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   HQIHLGELHAILRRQEDFYPFLKDNREKIEKILTFRIPYYVGPLARGNSRFAWMTRKSEETITP 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   WNFEEVVDKGASAQSFIERMTNFDKNLPNEKVLPKHSLLYEYFTVYNELTKVKYVTEGMRKP 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   AFLSGEQKKAIVDLLFKTNRKVTVKQLKEDYFKKIECFDSVEISGVEDRFNASLGTYHDLLKII 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   KDKDFLDNEENEDILEDIVLTLTLFEDREMIEERLKTYAHLFDDKVMKQLKRRRYTGWGRLS 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   RKLINGIRDKQSGKTILDFLKSDGFANRNFMQLIHDDSLTFKEDIQKAQVSGQGDSLHEHIAN 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   LAGSPAIKKGILQTVKVVDELVKVMGRHKPENIVIEMARENQTTQKGQKNSRERMKRIEEGIK 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   ELGSQILKEHPVENTQLQNEKLYLYYLQNGRDMYVDQELDINRLSDYDVDAIVPQSFLKDDSI 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   DNKVLTRSDKNRGKSDNVPSEEVVKKMKNYWRQLLNAKLITQRKEDNLTKAERGGLSELDK 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   AGFIKRQLVETRQITKHVAQILDSRMNTKYDENDKLIREVKVITLKSKLVSDFRKDFQFYKVRE 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   INNYHHAHDAYLNAVVGTALIKKYPKLESEFVYGDYKVYDVRKMIAKSEQEIGKATAKYFFYSN 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   IMNFFKTEITLANGEIRKRPLIETNGETGEIVWDKGRDFATVRKVLSMPQVNIVKKTEVQTGG 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   FSKESILPKRNSDKLIARKKDWDPKKYGGFDSPTVAYSVLVVAKVEKGKSKKLKSVKELLGITI 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   MERSSFEKNPIDFLEAKGYKEVKKDLIIKLPKYSLFELENGRKRMLASAGELQKGNELALPSK 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   YVNFLYLASHYEKLKGSPEDNEQKQLFVEQHKHYLDEIIEQISEFSKRVILADANLDKVLSAYN 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 
                   KHRDKPIREQAENIIHLFTLTNLGAPAAFKYFDTTIDRKRYTSTKEVLDATLIHQSITGLYETRID 
                 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   LSQLGGD GSPKKKRKVSS. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In certain embodiments, the nuclease capable of introducing a break at a defined location in the genomic DNA of the primary human T cell may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of, a homodimer or a heterodimer. Nuclease domains of the genomic editing compositions or constructs of the disclosure may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a nuclease domain isolated, derived or recombined from a transcription-activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN). TALENs are transcription factors with programmable DNA binding domains that provide a means to create designer proteins that bind to pre-determined DNA sequences or individual nucleic acids. Modular DNA binding domains have been identified in transcriptional activator-like (TAL) proteins, or, more specifically, transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), thereby allowing for the de novo creation of synthetic transcription factors that bind to DNA sequences of interest and, if desirable, also allowing a second domain present on the protein or polypeptide to perform an activity related to DNA. TAL proteins have been derived from the organisms  Xanthomonas  and  Ralstonia.    
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the nuclease domain of the genomic editing composition or construct may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a nuclease domain isolated, derived or recombined from a TALEN and a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the type IIS endonuclease may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of AciI, Mn1I, AlwI, BbvI, BccI, BceAI, BsmAI, BsmFI, BspCNI, BsrI, BtsCI, HgaI, HphI, HpyAV, Mbo1I, My1I, PleI, SfaNI, AcuI, BciVI, BfuAI, BmgBI, BmrI, BpmI, BpuEI, BsaI, BseRI, BsgI, BsmI, BspMI, BsrBI, BsrBI, BsrDI, BtgZI, BtsI, EarI, EciI, MmeI, NmeAIII, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BspQI, SapI, BaeI, BsaXI, CspCI, BfiI, MboII, Acc36I, FokI or Clo051. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the type IIS endonuclease may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of Clo051 (SEQ ID NO: 34). 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the nuclease domain of the genomic editing composition or construct may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of a nuclease domain isolated, derived or recombined from a zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) and a type IIS endonuclease. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the type IIS endonuclease may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of AciI, Mn1I, AlwI, BbvI, BccI, BceAI, BsmAI, BsmFI, BspCNI, BsrI, BtsCI, HgaI, HphI, HpyAV, Mbo1I, My1I, PleI, SfaNI, AcuI, BciVI, BfuAI, BmgBI, BmrI, BpmI, BpuEI, BsaI, BseRI, BsgI, BsmI, BspMI, BsrBI, BsrBI, BsrDI, BtgZI, BtsI, EarI, EciI, MmeI, NmeAIII, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BspQI, SapI, BaeI, BsaXI, CspCI, BfiI, MboII, Acc36I, FokI or Clo051. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the type IIS endonuclease may comprise, consist essentially of or consist of Clo051 (SEQ ID NO: 34). 
     In certain embodiments of the genomic editing compositions or constructs of the disclosure, the DNA binding domain and the nuclease domain may be covalently linked. For example, a fusion protein may comprise the DNA binding domain and the nuclease domain. In certain embodiments of the genomic editing compositions or constructs of the disclosure, the DNA binding domain and the nuclease domain may be operably linked through a non-covalent linkage. 
     Secreted Proteins from Modified T Cells 
     In certain embodiments of the composition and methods of the disclosure, modified T-cells express therapeutic proteins. Therapeutic proteins of the disclosure include secreted proteins. Preferably, in a therapeutic context, the therapeutic protein is a human protein, including a secreted human protein. When expressed or secreted by CAR-T cells of the disclosure, the combination comprising the CAR-T cell and the therapeutic protein secreted therefrom may be considered a monotherapy. However, the CAR-T cells of the disclosure may be administered as a combination therapy with a second agent. A database of human secreted proteins that may be expressed or secreted by modified T-cell of the disclosure can be found at proteinatlas.org/search/protein_class:Predicted %20secreted %20proteins, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Exemplary human secreted proteins are provided, but are not limited to the human secreted proteins, in Table 1. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Exemplary Human Secreted Proteins 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Gene 
                 Ensembl ID 
                 Gene description 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A1BG 
                 ENSG00000121410 
                 Alpha-1-B glycoprotein 
               
               
                 A2M 
                 ENSG00000175899 
                 Alpha-2-macroglobulin 
               
               
                 A2ML1 
                 ENSG00000166535 
                 Alpha-2-macroglobulin-like 1 
               
               
                 A4GNT 
                 ENSG00000118017 
                 Alpha-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 AADACL2 
                 ENSG00000197953 
                 Arylacetamide deacetylase-like 2 
               
               
                 AANAT 
                 ENSG00000129673 
                 Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase 
               
               
                 ABCG1 
                 ENSG00000160179 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 1 
               
               
                 ABHD1 
                 ENSG00000143994 
                 Abhydrolase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 ABHD10 
                 ENSG00000144827 
                 Abhydrolase domain containing 10 
               
               
                 ABHD14A 
                 ENSG00000248487 
                 Abhydrolase domain containing 14A 
               
               
                 ABHD15 
                 ENSG00000168792 
                 Abhydrolase domain containing 15 
               
               
                 ABI3BP 
                 ENSG00000154175 
                 ABI family, member 3 (NESH) binding protein 
               
               
                 AC008641.1 
                 ENSG00000279109 
                   
               
               
                 AC009133.22 
                 ENSG00000277669 
                   
               
               
                 AC009491.2 
                 ENSG00000279664 
                   
               
               
                 AC011513.3 
                 ENSG00000267881 
                   
               
               
                 AC136352.5 
                 ENSG00000277666 
                   
               
               
                 AC145212.4 
                 ENSG00000277400 
                 MaFF-interacting protein 
               
               
                 AC233755.1 
                 ENSG00000275063 
                   
               
               
                 ACACB 
                 ENSG00000076555 
                 Acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta 
               
               
                 ACAN 
                 ENSG00000157766 
                 Aggrecan 
               
               
                 ACE 
                 ENSG00000159640 
                 Angiotensin I converting enzyme 
               
               
                 ACHE 
                 ENSG00000087085 
                 Acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group) 
               
               
                 ACP2 
                 ENSG00000134575 
                 Acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal 
               
               
                 ACP5 
                 ENSG00000102575 
                 Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant 
               
               
                 ACP6 
                 ENSG00000162836 
                 Acid phosphatase 6, lysophosphatidic 
               
               
                 ACPP 
                 ENSG00000014257 
                 Acid phosphatase, prostate 
               
               
                 ACR 
                 ENSG00000100312 
                 Acrosin 
               
               
                 ACRBP 
                 ENSG00000111644 
                 Acrosin binding protein 
               
               
                 ACRV1 
                 ENSG00000134940 
                 Acrosomal vesicle protein 1 
               
               
                 ACSF2 
                 ENSG00000167107 
                 Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2 
               
               
                 ACTL10 
                 ENSG00000182584 
                 Actin-like 10 
               
               
                 ACVR1 
                 ENSG00000115170 
                 Activin A receptor, type I 
               
               
                 ACVR1C 
                 ENSG00000123612 
                 Activin A receptor, type IC 
               
               
                 ACVRL1 
                 ENSG00000139567 
                 Activin A receptor type II-like 1 
               
               
                 ACYP1 
                 ENSG00000119640 
                 Acylphosphatase 1, erythrocyte (common) type 
               
               
                 ACYP2 
                 ENSG00000170634 
                 Acylphosphatase 2, muscle type 
               
               
                 ADAM10 
                 ENSG00000137845 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 
               
               
                 ADAM12 
                 ENSG00000148848 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 
               
               
                 ADAM15 
                 ENSG00000143537 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15 
               
               
                 ADAM17 
                 ENSG00000151694 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 
               
               
                 ADAM18 
                 ENSG00000168619 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 18 
               
               
                 ADAM22 
                 ENSG00000008277 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 22 
               
               
                 ADAM28 
                 ENSG00000042980 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 28 
               
               
                 ADAM29 
                 ENSG00000168594 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 29 
               
               
                 ADAM32 
                 ENSG00000197140 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 32 
               
               
                 ADAM33 
                 ENSG00000149451 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 33 
               
               
                 ADAM7 
                 ENSG00000069206 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 7 
               
               
                 ADAM8 
                 ENSG00000151651 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 
               
               
                 ADAM9 
                 ENSG00000168615 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 
               
               
                 ADAMDEC1 
                 ENSG00000134028 
                 ADAM-like, decysin 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTS1 
                 ENSG00000154734 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTS10 
                 ENSG00000142303 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 10 
               
               
                 ADAMTS12 
                 ENSG00000151388 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 12 
               
               
                 ADAMTS13 
                 ENSG00000160323 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 13 
               
               
                 ADAMTS14 
                 ENSG00000138316 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 14 
               
               
                 ADAMTS15 
                 ENSG00000166106 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 15 
               
               
                 ADAMTS16 
                 ENSG00000145536 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 16 
               
               
                 ADAMTS17 
                 ENSG00000140470 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 17 
               
               
                 ADAMTS18 
                 ENSG00000140873 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 18 
               
               
                 ADAMTS19 
                 ENSG00000145808 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 19 
               
               
                 ADAMTS2 
                 ENSG00000087116 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 2 
               
               
                 ADAMTS20 
                 ENSG00000173157 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 20 
               
               
                 ADAMTS3 
                 ENSG00000156140 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 3 
               
               
                 ADAMTS5 
                 ENSG00000154736 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 5 
               
               
                 ADAMTS6 
                 ENSG00000049192 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 6 
               
               
                 ADAMTS7 
                 ENSG00000136378 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 7 
               
               
                 ADAMTS8 
                 ENSG00000134917 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 8 
               
               
                 ADAMTS9 
                 ENSG00000163638 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 9 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL1 
                 ENSG00000178031 
                 ADAMTS-like 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL2 
                 ENSG00000197859 
                 ADAMTS-like 2 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL3 
                 ENSG00000156218 
                 ADAMTS-like 3 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL4 
                 ENSG00000143382 
                 ADAMTS-like 4 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL5 
                 ENSG00000185761 
                 ADAMTS-like 5 
               
               
                 ADCK1 
                 ENSG00000063761 
                 AarF domain containing kinase 1 
               
               
                 ADCYAP1 
                 ENSG00000141433 
                 Adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (pituitary) 
               
               
                 ADCYAP1R1 
                 ENSG00000078549 
                 Adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (pituitary) receptor 
               
               
                   
                   
                 type I 
               
               
                 ADGRA3 
                 ENSG00000152990 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor A3 
               
               
                 ADGRB2 
                 ENSG00000121753 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor B2 
               
               
                 ADGRD1 
                 ENSG00000111452 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor D1 
               
               
                 ADGRE3 
                 ENSG00000131355 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E3 
               
               
                 ADGRE5 
                 ENSG00000123146 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor E5 
               
               
                 ADGRF1 
                 ENSG00000153292 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor F1 
               
               
                 ADGRG1 
                 ENSG00000205336 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G1 
               
               
                 ADGRG5 
                 ENSG00000159618 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G5 
               
               
                 ADGRG6 
                 ENSG00000112414 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G6 
               
               
                 ADGRV1 
                 ENSG00000164199 
                 Adhesion G protein-coupled receptor V1 
               
               
                 ADI1 
                 ENSG00000182551 
                 Acireductone dioxygenase 1 
               
               
                 ADIG 
                 ENSG00000182035 
                 Adipogenin 
               
               
                 ADIPOQ 
                 ENSG00000181092 
                 Adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing 
               
               
                 ADM 
                 ENSG00000148926 
                 Adrenomedullin 
               
               
                 ADM2 
                 ENSG00000128165 
                 Adrenomedullin 2 
               
               
                 ADM5 
                 ENSG00000224420 
                 Adrenomedullin 5 (putative) 
               
               
                 ADPGK 
                 ENSG00000159322 
                 ADP-dependent glucokinase 
               
               
                 ADPRHL2 
                 ENSG00000116863 
                 ADP-ribosylhydrolase like 2 
               
               
                 AEBP1 
                 ENSG00000106624 
                 AE binding protein 1 
               
               
                 AFM 
                 ENSG00000079557 
                 Afamin 
               
               
                 AFP 
                 ENSG00000081051 
                 Alpha-fetoprotein 
               
               
                 AGA 
                 ENSG00000038002 
                 Aspartylglucosaminidase 
               
               
                 AGER 
                 ENSG00000204305 
                 Advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor 
               
               
                 AGK 
                 ENSG00000006530 
                 Acylglycerol kinase 
               
               
                 AGPS 
                 ENSG00000018510 
                 Alkylglycerone phosphate synthase 
               
               
                 AGR2 
                 ENSG00000106541 
                 Anterior gradient 2, protein disulphide isomerase family member 
               
               
                 AGR3 
                 ENSG00000173467 
                 Anterior gradient 3, protein disulphide isomerase family member 
               
               
                 AGRN 
                 ENSG00000188157 
                 Agrin 
               
               
                 AGRP 
                 ENSG00000159723 
                 Agouti related neuropeptide 
               
               
                 AGT 
                 ENSG00000135744 
                 Angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) 
               
               
                 AGTPBP1 
                 ENSG00000135049 
                 ATP/GTP binding protein 1 
               
               
                 AGTRAP 
                 ENSG00000177674 
                 Angiotensin II receptor-associated protein 
               
               
                 AHCYL2 
                 ENSG00000158467 
                 Adenosylhomocysteinase-like 2 
               
               
                 AHSG 
                 ENSG00000145192 
                 Alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 AIG1 
                 ENSG00000146416 
                 Androgen-induced 1 
               
               
                 AK4 
                 ENSG00000162433 
                 Adenylate kinase 4 
               
               
                 AKAP10 
                 ENSG00000108599 
                 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 10 
               
               
                 AKR1C1 
                 ENSG00000187134 
                 Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member Cl 
               
               
                 AL356289.1 
                 ENSG00000279096 
                   
               
               
                 AL589743.1 
                 ENSG00000279508 
                   
               
               
                 ALAS2 
                 ENSG00000158578 
                 5′-aminolevulinate synthase 2 
               
               
                 ALB 
                 ENSG00000163631 
                 Albumin 
               
               
                 ALDH9A1 
                 ENSG00000143149 
                 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family, member A1 
               
               
                 ALDOA 
                 ENSG00000149925 
                 Aldolase A, fructose-bisphosphate 
               
               
                 ALG1 
                 ENSG00000033011 
                 ALG1, chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase 
               
               
                 ALG5 
                 ENSG00000120697 
                 ALG5, dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase 
               
               
                 ALG9 
                 ENSG00000086848 
                 ALG9, alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase 
               
               
                 ALKBH1 
                 ENSG00000100601 
                 AlkB homolog 1, histone H2A dioxygenase 
               
               
                 ALKBH5 
                 ENSG00000091542 
                 AlkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase 
               
               
                 ALPI 
                 ENSG00000163295 
                 Alkaline phosphatase, intestinal 
               
               
                 ALPL 
                 ENSG00000162551 
                 Alkaline phosphatase, liver/bone/kidney 
               
               
                 ALPP 
                 ENSG00000163283 
                 Alkaline phosphatase, placental 
               
               
                 ALPPL2 
                 ENSG00000163286 
                 Alkaline phosphatase, placental-like 2 
               
               
                 AMBN 
                 ENSG00000178522 
                 Ameloblastin (enamel matrix protein) 
               
               
                 AMBP 
                 ENSG00000106927 
                 Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor 
               
               
                 AMELX 
                 ENSG00000125363 
                 Amelogenin, X-linked 
               
               
                 AMELY 
                 ENSG00000099721 
                 Amelogenin, Y-linked 
               
               
                 AMH 
                 ENSG00000104899 
                 Anti-Mullerian hormone 
               
               
                 AMICA1 
                 ENSG00000160593 
                 Adhesion molecule, interacts with CXADR antigen 1 
               
               
                 AMPD1 
                 ENSG00000116748 
                 Adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 
               
               
                 AMTN 
                 ENSG00000187689 
                 Amelotin 
               
               
                 AMY1A 
                 ENSG00000237763 
                 Amylase, alpha 1A (salivary) 
               
               
                 AMY1B 
                 ENSG00000174876 
                 Amylase, alpha 1B (salivary) 
               
               
                 AMY1C 
                 ENSG00000187733 
                 Amylase, alpha 1C (salivary) 
               
               
                 AMY2A 
                 ENSG00000243480 
                 Amylase, alpha 2A (pancreatic) 
               
               
                 AMY2B 
                 ENSG00000240038 
                 Amylase, alpha 2B (pancreatic) 
               
               
                 ANG 
                 ENSG00000214274 
                 Angiogenin, ribonuclease, RNase A family, 5 
               
               
                 ANGEL1 
                 ENSG00000013523 
                 Angel homolog 1 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 ANGPT1 
                 ENSG00000154188 
                 Angiopoietin 1 
               
               
                 ANGPT2 
                 ENSG00000091879 
                 Angiopoietin 2 
               
               
                 ANGPT4 
                 ENSG00000101280 
                 Angiopoietin 4 
               
               
                 ANGPTL1 
                 ENSG00000116194 
                 Angiopoietin-like 1 
               
               
                 ANGPTL2 
                 ENSG00000136859 
                 Angiopoietin-like 2 
               
               
                 ANGPTL3 
                 ENSG00000132855 
                 Angiopoietin-like 3 
               
               
                 ANGPTL4 
                 ENSG00000167772 
                 Angiopoietin-like 4 
               
               
                 ANGPTL5 
                 ENSG00000187151 
                 Angiopoietin-like 5 
               
               
                 ANGPTL6 
                 ENSG00000130812 
                 Angiopoietin-like 6 
               
               
                 ANGPTL7 
                 ENSG00000171819 
                 Angiopoietin-like 7 
               
               
                 ANK1 
                 ENSG00000029534 
                 Ankyrin 1, erythrocytic 
               
               
                 ANKDD1A 
                 ENSG00000166839 
                 Ankyrin repeat and death domain containing lA 
               
               
                 ANKRD54 
                 ENSG00000100124 
                 Ankyrin repeat domain 54 
               
               
                 ANKRD60 
                 ENSG00000124227 
                 Ankyrin repeat domain 60 
               
               
                 ANO7 
                 ENSG00000146205 
                 Anoctamin 7 
               
               
                 ANOS1 
                 ENSG00000011201 
                 Anosmin 1 
               
               
                 ANTXR1 
                 ENSG00000169604 
                 Anthrax toxin receptor 1 
               
               
                 AOAH 
                 ENSG00000136250 
                 Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (neutrophil) 
               
               
                 AOC1 
                 ENSG00000002726 
                 Amine oxidase, copper containing 1 
               
               
                 AOC2 
                 ENSG00000131480 
                 Amine oxidase, copper containing 2 (retina-specific) 
               
               
                 AOC3 
                 ENSG00000131471 
                 Amine oxidase, copper containing 3 
               
               
                 AP000721.4 
                 ENSG00000256100 
                   
               
               
                 AP000866.1 
                 ENSG00000279342 
                   
               
               
                 APBB1 
                 ENSG00000166313 
                 Amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family B, member 1 (Fe65) 
               
               
                 APCDD1 
                 ENSG00000154856 
                 Adenomatosis polyposis coli down-regulated 1 
               
               
                 APCS 
                 ENSG00000132703 
                 Amyloid P component, serum 
               
               
                 APELA 
                 ENSG00000248329 
                 Apelin receptor early endogenous ligand 
               
               
                 APLN 
                 ENSG00000171388 
                 Apelin 
               
               
                 APLP2 
                 ENSG00000084234 
                 Amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein 2 
               
               
                 APOA1 
                 ENSG00000118137 
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                 APOA1BP 
                 ENSG00000163382 
                 Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein 
               
               
                 APOA2 
                 ENSG00000158874 
                 Apolipoprotein A-II 
               
               
                 APOA4 
                 ENSG00000110244 
                 Apolipoprotein A-IV 
               
               
                 APOA5 
                 ENSG00000110243 
                 Apolipoprotein A-V 
               
               
                 APOB 
                 ENSG00000084674 
                 Apolipoprotein B 
               
               
                 APOC1 
                 ENSG00000130208 
                 Apolipoprotein C-I 
               
               
                 APOC2 
                 ENSG00000234906 
                 Apolipoprotein C-II 
               
               
                 APOC3 
                 ENSG00000110245 
                 Apolipoprotein C-III 
               
               
                 APOC4 
                 ENSG00000267467 
                 Apolipoprotein C-IV 
               
               
                 APOC4-APOC2 
                 ENSG00000224916 
                 APOC4-APOC2 readthrough (NMD candidate) 
               
               
                 APOD 
                 ENSG00000189058 
                 Apolipoprotein D 
               
               
                 APOE 
                 ENSG00000130203 
                 Apolipoprotein E 
               
               
                 APOF 
                 ENSG00000175336 
                 Apolipoprotein F 
               
               
                 APOH 
                 ENSG00000091583 
                 Apolipoprotein H (beta-2-glycoprotein I) 
               
               
                 APOL1 
                 ENSG00000100342 
                 Apolipoprotein L, 1 
               
               
                 APOL3 
                 ENSG00000128284 
                 Apolipoprotein L, 3 
               
               
                 APOM 
                 ENSG00000204444 
                 Apolipoprotein M 
               
               
                 APOOL 
                 ENSG00000155008 
                 Apolipoprotein O-like 
               
               
                 ARCN1 
                 ENSG00000095139 
                 Archain 1 
               
               
                 ARFIP2 
                 ENSG00000132254 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor interacting protein 2 
               
               
                 ARHGAP36 
                 ENSG00000147256 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 36 
               
               
                 ARHGAP6 
                 ENSG00000047648 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 6 
               
               
                 ARHGEF4 
                 ENSG00000136002 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 4 
               
               
                 ARL16 
                 ENSG00000214087 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor-like 16 
               
               
                 ARMC5 
                 ENSG00000140691 
                 Armadillo repeat containing 5 
               
               
                 ARNTL 
                 ENSG00000133794 
                 Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like 
               
               
                 ARSA 
                 ENSG00000100299 
                 Arylsulfatase A 
               
               
                 ARSB 
                 ENSG00000113273 
                 Arylsulfatase B 
               
               
                 ARSE 
                 ENSG00000157399 
                 Arylsulfatase E (chondrodysplasia punctata 1) 
               
               
                 ARSG 
                 ENSG00000141337 
                 Arylsulfatase G 
               
               
                 ARSI 
                 ENSG00000183876 
                 Arylsulfatase family, member I 
               
               
                 ARSK 
                 ENSG00000164291 
                 Arylsulfatase family, member K 
               
               
                 ART3 
                 ENSG00000156219 
                 ADP-ribosyltransferase 3 
               
               
                 ART4 
                 ENSG00000111339 
                 ADP-ribosyltransferase 4 (Dombrock blood group) 
               
               
                 ART5 
                 ENSG00000167311 
                 ADP-ribosyltransferase 5 
               
               
                 ARTN 
                 ENSG00000117407 
                 Artemin 
               
               
                 ASAH1 
                 ENSG00000104763 
                 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1 
               
               
                 ASAH2 
                 ENSG00000188611 
                 N-acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (non-lysosomal ceramidase) 2 
               
               
                 ASCL1 
                 ENSG00000139352 
                 Achaete-scute family bHLH transcription factor 1 
               
               
                 ASIP 
                 ENSG00000101440 
                 Agouti signaling protein 
               
               
                 ASPN 
                 ENSG00000106819 
                 Asporin 
               
               
                 ASTL 
                 ENSG00000188886 
                 Astacin-like metallo-endopeptidase (M12 family) 
               
               
                 ATAD5 
                 ENSG00000176208 
                 ATPase family, AAA domain containing 5 
               
               
                 ATAT1 
                 ENSG00000137343 
                 Alpha tubulin acetyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 ATG2A 
                 ENSG00000110046 
                 Autophagy related 2A 
               
               
                 ATG5 
                 ENSG00000057663 
                 Autophagy related 5 
               
               
                 ATMIN 
                 ENSG00000166454 
                 ATM interactor 
               
               
                 ATP13A1 
                 ENSG00000105726 
                 ATPase type 13A1 
               
               
                 ATP5F1 
                 ENSG00000116459 
                 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit B1 
               
               
                 ATP6AP1 
                 ENSG00000071553 
                 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 1 
               
               
                 ATP6AP2 
                 ENSG00000182220 
                 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 2 
               
               
                 ATPAF1 
                 ENSG00000123472 
                 ATP synthase mitochondrial F1 complex assembly factor 1 
               
               
                 AUH 
                 ENSG00000148090 
                 AU RNA binding protein/enoyl-CoA hydratase 
               
               
                 AVP 
                 ENSG00000101200 
                 Arginine vasopressin 
               
               
                 AXIN2 
                 ENSG00000168646 
                 Axin 2 
               
               
                 AZGP1 
                 ENSG00000160862 
                 Alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, zinc-binding 
               
               
                 AZU1 
                 ENSG00000172232 
                 Azurocidin 1 
               
               
                 B2M 
                 ENSG00000166710 
                 Beta-2-microglobulin 
               
               
                 B3GALNT1 
                 ENSG00000169255 
                 Beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 (globoside blood group) 
               
               
                 B3GALNT2 
                 ENSG00000162885 
                 Beta-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 B3GALT1 
                 ENSG00000172318 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 B3GALT4 
                 ENSG00000235863 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 4 
               
               
                 B3GALT5 
                 ENSG00000183778 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 5 
               
               
                 B3GALT6 
                 ENSG00000176022 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGal beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase polypeptide 6 
               
               
                 B3GAT3 
                 ENSG00000149541 
                 Beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 3 
               
               
                 B3GLCT 
                 ENSG00000187676 
                 Beta 3-glucosyltransferase 
               
               
                 B3GNT3 
                 ENSG00000179913 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 3 
               
               
                 B3GNT4 
                 ENSG00000176383 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 4 
               
               
                 B3GNT6 
                 ENSG00000198488 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 6 
               
               
                 B3GNT7 
                 ENSG00000156966 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 7 
               
               
                 B3GNT8 
                 ENSG00000177191 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 8 
               
               
                 B3GNT9 
                 ENSG00000237172 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 9 
               
               
                 B4GALNT1 
                 ENSG00000135454 
                 Beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 1 
               
               
                 B4GALNT3 
                 ENSG00000139044 
                 Beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 3 
               
               
                 B4GALNT4 
                 ENSG00000182272 
                 Beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 4 
               
               
                 B4GALT4 
                 ENSG00000121578 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 4 
               
               
                 B4GALT5 
                 ENSG00000158470 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 5 
               
               
                 B4GALT6 
                 ENSG00000118276 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- galactosyltransferase, polypeptide 6 
               
               
                 B4GAT1 
                 ENSG00000174684 
                 Beta-1,4-glucuronyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 B9D1 
                 ENSG00000108641 
                 B9 protein domain 1 
               
               
                 BACE2 
                 ENSG00000182240 
                 Beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 2 
               
               
                 BAGE5 
                 ENSG00000279973 
                 B melanoma antigen family, member 5 
               
               
                 BCAM 
                 ENSG00000187244 
                 Basal cell adhesion molecule (Lutheran blood group) 
               
               
                 BCAN 
                 ENSG00000132692 
                 Brevican 
               
               
                 BCAP29 
                 ENSG00000075790 
                 B-cell receptor-associated protein 29 
               
               
                 BCAR1 
                 ENSG00000050820 
                 Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance 1 
               
               
                 BCHE 
                 ENSG00000114200 
                 Butyrylcholinesterase 
               
               
                 BCKDHB 
                 ENSG00000083123 
                 Branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 BDNF 
                 ENSG00000176697 
                 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 BGLAP 
                 ENSG00000242252 
                 Bone gamma-carboxyglutamate (gla) protein 
               
               
                 BGN 
                 ENSG00000182492 
                 Biglycan 
               
               
                 BLVRB 
                 ENSG00000090013 
                 Biliverdin reductase B 
               
               
                 BMP1 
                 ENSG00000168487 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 1 
               
               
                 BMP10 
                 ENSG00000163217 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 10 
               
               
                 BMP15 
                 ENSG00000130385 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 15 
               
               
                 BMP2 
                 ENSG00000125845 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 2 
               
               
                 BMP3 
                 ENSG00000152785 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 3 
               
               
                 BMP4 
                 ENSG00000125378 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 4 
               
               
                 BMP6 
                 ENSG00000153162 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 6 
               
               
                 BMP7 
                 ENSG00000101144 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 7 
               
               
                 BMP8A 
                 ENSG00000183682 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 8a 
               
               
                 BMP8B 
                 ENSG00000116985 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein 8b 
               
               
                 BMPER 
                 ENSG00000164619 
                 BMPbinding endothelial regulator 
               
               
                 BNC1 
                 ENSG00000169594 
                 Basonuclin 1 
               
               
                 BOC 
                 ENSG00000144857 
                 BOC cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated 
               
               
                 BOD1 
                 ENSG00000145919 
                 Biorientation of chromosomes in cell division 1 
               
               
                 BOLA1 
                 ENSG00000178096 
                 BolA family member 1 
               
               
                 BPI 
                 ENSG00000101425 
                 Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein 
               
               
                 BPIFA1 
                 ENSG00000198183 
                 BPI fold containing family A, member 1 
               
               
                 BPIFA2 
                 ENSG00000131050 
                 BPI fold containing family A, member 2 
               
               
                 BPIFA3 
                 ENSG00000131059 
                 BPI fold containing family A, member 3 
               
               
                 BPIFB1 
                 ENSG00000125999 
                 BPI fold containing family B, member 1 
               
               
                 BPIFB2 
                 ENSG00000078898 
                 BPI fold containing family B, member 2 
               
               
                 BPIFB3 
                 ENSG00000186190 
                 BPI fold containing family B, member 3 
               
               
                 BPIFB4 
                 ENSG00000186191 
                 BPI fold containing family B, member 4 
               
               
                 BPIFB6 
                 ENSG00000167104 
                 BPI fold containing family B, member 6 
               
               
                 BPIFC 
                 ENSG00000184459 
                 BPI fold containing family C 
               
               
                 BRF1 
                 ENSG00000185024 
                 BRF1, RNA polymerase III transcription initiation factor 90 kDa subunit 
               
               
                 BRINP1 
                 ENSG00000078725 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein/retinoic acid inducible neural-specific 1 
               
               
                 BRINP2 
                 ENSG00000198797 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein/retinoic acid inducible neural-specific 2 
               
               
                 BRINP3 
                 ENSG00000162670 
                 Bone morphogenetic protein/retinoic acid inducible neural-specific 3 
               
               
                 BSG 
                 ENSG00000172270 
                 Basigin (Ok blood group) 
               
               
                 BSPH1 
                 ENSG00000188334 
                 Binder of sperm protein homolog 1 
               
               
                 BST1 
                 ENSG00000109743 
                 Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1 
               
               
                 BTBD17 
                 ENSG00000204347 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 17 
               
               
                 BTD 
                 ENSG00000169814 
                 Biotinidase 
               
               
                 BTN2A2 
                 ENSG00000124508 
                 Butyrophilin, subfamily 2, member A2 
               
               
                 BTN3A1 
                 ENSG00000026950 
                 Butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A1 
               
               
                 BTN3A2 
                 ENSG00000186470 
                 Butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A2 
               
               
                 BTN3A3 
                 ENSG00000111801 
                 Butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A3 
               
               
                 C10orf10 
                 ENSG00000165507 
                 Chromosome 10 open reading frame 10 
               
               
                 C10orf99 
                 ENSG00000188373 
                 Chromosome 10 open reading frame 99 
               
               
                 C11orf1 
                 ENSG00000137720 
                 Chromosome 11 open reading frame 1 
               
               
                 C11orf24 
                 ENSG00000171067 
                 Chromosome 11 open reading frame 24 
               
               
                 C11orf45 
                 ENSG00000174370 
                 Chromosome 11 open reading frame 45 
               
               
                 C11orf94 
                 ENSG00000234776 
                 Chromosome 11 open reading frame 94 
               
               
                 C12orf10 
                 ENSG00000139637 
                 Chromosome 12 open reading frame 10 
               
               
                 C12orf49 
                 ENSG00000111412 
                 Chromosome 12 open reading frame 49 
               
               
                 C12orf73 
                 ENSG00000204954 
                 Chromosome 12 open reading frame 73 
               
               
                 C12orf76 
                 ENSG00000174456 
                 Chromosome 12 open reading frame 76 
               
               
                 C14orf80 
                 ENSG00000185347 
                 Chromosome 14 open reading frame 80 
               
               
                 C14orf93 
                 ENSG00000100802 
                 Chromosome 14 open reading frame 93 
               
               
                 C16orf89 
                 ENSG00000153446 
                 Chromosome 16 open reading frame 89 
               
               
                 C16orf90 
                 ENSG00000215131 
                 Chromosome 16 open reading frame 90 
               
               
                 C17orf67 
                 ENSG00000214226 
                 Chromosome 17 open reading frame 67 
               
               
                 C17orf75 
                 ENSG00000108666 
                 Chromosome 17 open reading frame 75 
               
               
                 C17orf99 
                 ENSG00000187997 
                 Chromosome 17 open reading frame 99 
               
               
                 C18orf54 
                 ENSG00000166845 
                 Chromosome 18 open reading frame 54 
               
               
                 C19orf47 
                 ENSG00000160392 
                 Chromosome 19 open reading frame 47 
               
               
                 C19orf70 
                 ENSG00000174917 
                 Chromosome 19 open reading frame 70 
               
               
                 C19orf80 
                 ENSG00000130173 
                 Chromosome 19 open reading frame 80 
               
               
                 C1GALT1 
                 ENSG00000106392 
                 Core 1 synthase, glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine 3-beta-galactosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 C1orf127 
                 ENSG00000175262 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 127 
               
               
                 C1orf159 
                 ENSG00000131591 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 159 
               
               
                 C1orf198 
                 ENSG00000119280 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 198 
               
               
                 C1orf234 
                 ENSG00000227868 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 234 
               
               
                 C1orf54 
                 ENSG00000118292 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 54 
               
               
                 C1orf56 
                 ENSG00000143443 
                 Chromosome 1 open reading frame 56 
               
               
                 C1QA 
                 ENSG00000173372 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent, A chain 
               
               
                 C1QB 
                 ENSG00000173369 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent, B chain 
               
               
                 C1QC 
                 ENSG00000159189 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent, C chain 
               
               
                 C1QL1 
                 ENSG00000131094 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 1 
               
               
                 C1QL2 
                 ENSG00000144119 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 2 
               
               
                 C1QL3 
                 ENSG00000165985 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 3 
               
               
                 C1QL4 
                 ENSG00000186897 
                 Complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 4 
               
               
                 C1QTNF1 
                 ENSG00000173918 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 1 
               
               
                 C1QTNF2 
                 ENSG00000145861 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 2 
               
               
                 C1QTNF3 
                 ENSG00000082196 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 3 
               
               
                 C1QTNF4 
                 ENSG00000172247 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 4 
               
               
                 C1QTNF5 
                 ENSG00000223953 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 5 
               
               
                 C1QTNF7 
                 ENSG00000163145 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 7 
               
               
                 C1QTNF8 
                 ENSG00000184471 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 8 
               
               
                 C1QTNF9 
                 ENSG00000240654 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9 
               
               
                 C1QTNF9B 
                 ENSG00000205863 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9B 
               
               
                 C1R 
                 ENSG00000159403 
                 Complement component 1, r subcomponent 
               
               
                 C1RL 
                 ENSG00000139178 
                 Complement component 1, r subcomponent-like 
               
               
                 C1S 
                 ENSG00000182326 
                 Complement component 1, s subcomponent 
               
               
                 C2 
                 ENSG00000166278 
                 Complement component 2 
               
               
                 C21orf33 
                 ENSG00000160221 
                 Chromosome 21 open reading frame 33 
               
               
                 C21orf62 
                 ENSG00000205929 
                 Chromosome 21 open reading frame 62 
               
               
                 C22orf15 
                 ENSG00000169314 
                 Chromosome 22 open reading frame 15 
               
               
                 C22orf46 
                 ENSG00000184208 
                 Chromosome 22 open reading frame 46 
               
               
                 C2CD2 
                 ENSG00000157617 
                 C2 calcium-dependent domain containing 2 
               
               
                 C2orf40 
                 ENSG00000119147 
                 Chromosome 2 open reading frame 40 
               
               
                 C2orf66 
                 ENSG00000187944 
                 Chromosome 2 open reading frame 66 
               
               
                 C2orf69 
                 ENSG00000178074 
                 Chromosome 2 open reading frame 69 
               
               
                 C2orf78 
                 ENSG00000187833 
                 Chromosome 2 open reading frame 78 
               
               
                 C3 
                 ENSG00000125730 
                 Complement component 3 
               
               
                 C3orf33 
                 ENSG00000174928 
                 Chromosome 3 open reading frame 33 
               
               
                 C3orf58 
                 ENSG00000181744 
                 Chromosome 3 open reading frame 58 
               
               
                 C4A 
                 ENSG00000244731 
                 Complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group) 
               
               
                 C4B 
                 ENSG00000224389 
                 Complement component 4B (Chido blood group) 
               
               
                 C4BPA 
                 ENSG00000123838 
                 Complement component 4 binding protein, alpha 
               
               
                 C4BPB 
                 ENSG00000123843 
                 Complement component 4 binding protein, beta 
               
               
                 C4orf26 
                 ENSG00000174792 
                 Chromosome 4 open reading frame 26 
               
               
                 C4orf48 
                 ENSG00000243449 
                 Chromosome 4 open reading frame 48 
               
               
                 C5 
                 ENSG00000106804 
                 Complement component 5 
               
               
                 C5orf46 
                 ENSG00000178776 
                 Chromosome 5 open reading frame 46 
               
               
                 C6 
                 ENSG00000039537 
                 Complement component 6 
               
               
                 C6orf120 
                 ENSG00000185127 
                 Chromosome 6 open reading frame 120 
               
               
                 C6orf15 
                 ENSG00000204542 
                 Chromosome 6 open reading frame 15 
               
               
                 C6orf25 
                 ENSG00000204420 
                 Chromosome 6 open reading frame 25 
               
               
                 C6orf58 
                 ENSG00000184530 
                 Chromosome 6 open reading frame 58 
               
               
                 C7 
                 ENSG00000112936 
                 Complement component 7 
               
               
                 C7orf57 
                 ENSG00000164746 
                 Chromosome 7 open reading frame 57 
               
               
                 C7orf73 
                 ENSG00000243317 
                 Chromosome 7 open reading frame 73 
               
               
                 C8A 
                 ENSG00000157131 
                 Complement component 8, alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 C8B 
                 ENSG00000021852 
                 Complement component 8, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 C8G 
                 ENSG00000176919 
                 Complement component 8, gamma polypeptide 
               
               
                 C9 
                 ENSG00000113600 
                 Complement component 9 
               
               
                 C9orf47 
                 ENSG00000186354 
                 Chromosome 9 open reading frame 47 
               
               
                 CA10 
                 ENSG00000154975 
                 Carbonic anhydrase X 
               
               
                 CA11 
                 ENSG00000063180 
                 Carbonic anhydrase XI 
               
               
                 CA6 
                 ENSG00000131686 
                 Carbonic anhydrase VI 
               
               
                 CA9 
                 ENSG00000107159 
                 Carbonic anhydrase IX 
               
               
                 CABLES1 
                 ENSG00000134508 
                 Cdk5 and Abl enzyme substrate 1 
               
               
                 CABP1 
                 ENSG00000157782 
                 Calcium binding protein 1 
               
               
                 CACNA2D1 
                 ENSG00000153956 
                 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 1 
               
               
                 CACNA2D4 
                 ENSG00000151062 
                 Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 2/delta subunit 4 
               
               
                 CADM3 
                 ENSG00000162706 
                 Cell adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                 CALCA 
                 ENSG00000110680 
                 Calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha 
               
               
                 CALCB 
                 ENSG00000175868 
                 Calcitonin-related polypeptide beta 
               
               
                 CALCR 
                 ENSG00000004948 
                 Calcitonin receptor 
               
               
                 CALCRL 
                 ENSG00000064989 
                 Calcitonin receptor-like 
               
               
                 CALR 
                 ENSG00000179218 
                 Calreticulin 
               
               
                 CALR3 
                 ENSG00000269058 
                 Calreticulin 3 
               
               
                 CALU 
                 ENSG00000128595 
                 Calumenin 
               
               
                 CAMK2D 
                 ENSG00000145349 
                 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta 
               
               
                 CAMP 
                 ENSG00000164047 
                 Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide 
               
               
                 CANX 
                 ENSG00000127022 
                 Calnexin 
               
               
                 CARKD 
                 ENSG00000213995 
                 Carbohydrate kinase domain containing 
               
               
                 CARM1 
                 ENSG00000142453 
                 Coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 CARNS1 
                 ENSG00000172508 
                 Carnosine synthase 1 
               
               
                 CARTPT 
                 ENSG00000164326 
                 CART prepropeptide 
               
               
                 CASQ1 
                 ENSG00000143318 
                 Calsequestrin 1 (fast-twitch, skeletal muscle) 
               
               
                 CASQ2 
                 ENSG00000118729 
                 Calsequestrin 2 (cardiac muscle) 
               
               
                 CATSPERG 
                 ENSG00000099338 
                 Catsper channel auxiliary subunit gamma 
               
               
                 CBLN1 
                 ENSG00000102924 
                 Cerebellin 1 precursor 
               
               
                 CBLN2 
                 ENSG00000141668 
                 Cerebellin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 CBLN3 
                 ENSG00000139899 
                 Cerebellin 3 precursor 
               
               
                 CBLN4 
                 ENSG00000054803 
                 Cerebellin 4 precursor 
               
               
                 CCBE1 
                 ENSG00000183287 
                 Collagen and calcium binding EGF domains 1 
               
               
                 CCDC108 
                 ENSG00000181378 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 108 
               
               
                 CCDC112 
                 ENSG00000164221 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 112 
               
               
                 CCDC129 
                 ENSG00000180347 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 129 
               
               
                 CCDC134 
                 ENSG00000100147 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 134 
               
               
                 CCDC149 
                 ENSG00000181982 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 149 
               
               
                 CCDC3 
                 ENSG00000151468 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 3 
               
               
                 CCDC80 
                 ENSG00000091986 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 80 
               
               
                 CCDC85A 
                 ENSG00000055813 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 85A 
               
               
                 CCDC88B 
                 ENSG00000168071 
                 Coiled-coil domain containing 88B 
               
               
                 CCER2 
                 ENSG00000262484 
                 Coiled-coil glutamate-rich protein 2 
               
               
                 CCK 
                 ENSG00000187094 
                 Cholecystokinin 
               
               
                 CCL1 
                 ENSG00000108702 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 
               
               
                 CCL11 
                 ENSG00000172156 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 
               
               
                 CCL13 
                 ENSG00000181374 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 13 
               
               
                 CCL14 
                 ENSG00000276409 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 14 
               
               
                 CCL15 
                 ENSG00000275718 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 15 
               
               
                 CCL16 
                 ENSG00000275152 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 16 
               
               
                 CCL17 
                 ENSG00000102970 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 
               
               
                 CCL18 
                 ENSG00000275385 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 18 (pulmonary and activation-regulated) 
               
               
                 CCL19 
                 ENSG00000172724 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 
               
               
                 CCL2 
                 ENSG00000108691 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 
               
               
                 CCL20 
                 ENSG00000115009 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 
               
               
                 CCL21 
                 ENSG00000137077 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21 
               
               
                 CCL22 
                 ENSG00000102962 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 
               
               
                 CCL23 
                 ENSG00000274736 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 23 
               
               
                 CCL24 
                 ENSG00000106178 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 24 
               
               
                 CCL25 
                 ENSG00000131142 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 25 
               
               
                 CCL26 
                 ENSG00000006606 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 26 
               
               
                 CCL27 
                 ENSG00000213927 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 27 
               
               
                 CCL28 
                 ENSG00000151882 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 28 
               
               
                 CCL3 
                 ENSG00000277632 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 
               
               
                 CCL3L3 
                 ENSG00000276085 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3-like 3 
               
               
                 CCL4 
                 ENSG00000275302 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 
               
               
                 CCL4L2 
                 ENSG00000276070 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4-like 2 
               
               
                 CCL5 
                 ENSG00000271503 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 
               
               
                 CCL7 
                 ENSG00000108688 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 7 
               
               
                 CCL8 
                 ENSG00000108700 
                 Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 8 
               
               
                 CCNB11P1 
                 ENSG00000100814 
                 Cyclin B1 interacting protein 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 
               
               
                 CCNL1 
                 ENSG00000163660 
                 Cyclin L1 
               
               
                 CCNL2 
                 ENSG00000221978 
                 Cyclin L2 
               
               
                 CD14 
                 ENSG00000170458 
                 CD14 molecule 
               
               
                 CD160 
                 ENSG00000117281 
                 CD160 molecule 
               
               
                 CD164 
                 ENSG00000135535 
                 CD164 molecule, sialomucin 
               
               
                 CD177 
                 ENSG00000204936 
                 CD177 molecule 
               
               
                 CD1E 
                 ENSG00000158488 
                 CD1e molecule 
               
               
                 CD2 
                 ENSG00000116824 
                 CD2 molecule 
               
               
                 CD200 
                 ENSG00000091972 
                 CD200 molecule 
               
               
                 CD200R1 
                 ENSG00000163606 
                 CD200 receptor 1 
               
               
                 CD22 
                 ENSG00000012124 
                 CD22 molecule 
               
               
                 CD226 
                 ENSG00000150637 
                 CD226 molecule 
               
               
                 CD24 
                 ENSG00000272398 
                 CD24 molecule 
               
               
                 CD276 
                 ENSG00000103855 
                 CD276 molecule 
               
               
                 CD300A 
                 ENSG00000167851 
                 CD300a molecule 
               
               
                 CD300LB 
                 ENSG00000178789 
                 CD300 molecule-like family member b 
               
               
                 CD300LF 
                 ENSG00000186074 
                 CD300 molecule-like family member f 
               
               
                 CD300LG 
                 ENSG00000161649 
                 CD300 molecule-like family member g 
               
               
                 CD3D 
                 ENSG00000167286 
                 CD3d molecule, delta (CD3-TCR complex) 
               
               
                 CD4 
                 ENSG00000010610 
                 CD4 molecule 
               
               
                 CD40 
                 ENSG00000101017 
                 CD40 molecule, TNF receptor superfamily member 5 
               
               
                 CD44 
                 ENSG00000026508 
                 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group) 
               
               
                 CD48 
                 ENSG00000117091 
                 CD48 molecule 
               
               
                 CD5 
                 ENSG00000110448 
                 CD5 molecule 
               
               
                 CD55 
                 ENSG00000196352 
                 CD55 molecule, decay accelerating factor for complement (Cromer blood group) 
               
               
                 CD59 
                 ENSG00000085063 
                 CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein 
               
               
                 CD5L 
                 ENSG00000073754 
                 CD5 molecule-like 
               
               
                 CD6 
                 ENSG00000013725 
                 CD6 molecule 
               
               
                 CD68 
                 ENSG00000129226 
                 CD68 molecule 
               
               
                 CD7 
                 ENSG00000173762 
                 CD7 molecule 
               
               
                 CD79A 
                 ENSG00000105369 
                 CD79a molecule, immunoglobulin-associated alpha 
               
               
                 CD80 
                 ENSG00000121594 
                 CD80 molecule 
               
               
                 CD86 
                 ENSG00000114013 
                 CD86 molecule 
               
               
                 CD8A 
                 ENSG00000153563 
                 CD8a molecule 
               
               
                 CD8B 
                 ENSG00000172116 
                 CD8b molecule 
               
               
                 CD99 
                 ENSG00000002586 
                 CD99 molecule 
               
               
                 CDC23 
                 ENSG00000094880 
                 Cell division cycle 23 
               
               
                 CDC40 
                 ENSG00000168438 
                 Cell division cycle 40 
               
               
                 CDC45 
                 ENSG00000093009 
                 Cell division cycle 45 
               
               
                 CDCP1 
                 ENSG00000163814 
                 CUB domain containing protein 1 
               
               
                 CDCP2 
                 ENSG00000157211 
                 CUB domain containing protein 2 
               
               
                 CDH1 
                 ENSG00000039068 
                 Cadherin 1, type 1 
               
               
                 CDH11 
                 ENSG00000140937 
                 Cadherin 11, type 2, OB-cadherin (osteoblast) 
               
               
                 CDH13 
                 ENSG00000140945 
                 Cadherin 13 
               
               
                 CDH17 
                 ENSG00000079112 
                 Cadherin 17, LI cadherin (liver-intestine) 
               
               
                 CDH18 
                 ENSG00000145526 
                 Cadherin 18, type 2 
               
               
                 CDH19 
                 ENSG00000071991 
                 Cadherin 19, type 2 
               
               
                 CDH23 
                 ENSG00000107736 
                 Cadherin-related 23 
               
               
                 CDH5 
                 ENSG00000179776 
                 Cadherin 5, type 2 (vascular endothelium) 
               
               
                 CDHR1 
                 ENSG00000148600 
                 Cadherin-related family member 1 
               
               
                 CDHR4 
                 ENSG00000187492 
                 Cadherin-related family member 4 
               
               
                 CDHR5 
                 ENSG00000099834 
                 Cadherin-related family member 5 
               
               
                 CDKN2A 
                 ENSG00000147889 
                 Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A 
               
               
                 CDNF 
                 ENSG00000185267 
                 Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 CDON 
                 ENSG00000064309 
                 Cell adhesion associated, oncogene regulated 
               
               
                 CDSN 
                 ENSG00000204539 
                 Corneodesmosin 
               
               
                 CEACAM16 
                 ENSG00000213892 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 16 
               
               
                 CEACAM18 
                 ENSG00000213822 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 18 
               
               
                 CEACAM19 
                 ENSG00000186567 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 19 
               
               
                 CEACAM5 
                 ENSG00000105388 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 
               
               
                 CEACAM7 
                 ENSG00000007306 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 
               
               
                 CEACAM8 
                 ENSG00000124469 
                 Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 8 
               
               
                 CECR1 
                 ENSG00000093072 
                 Cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 1 
               
               
                 CECR5 
                 ENSG00000069998 
                 Cat eye syndrome chromosome region, candidate 5 
               
               
                 CEL 
                 ENSG00000170835 
                 Carboxyl ester lipase 
               
               
                 CELA2A 
                 ENSG00000142615 
                 Chymotrypsin-like elastase family, member 2A 
               
               
                 CELA2B 
                 ENSG00000215704 
                 Chymotrypsin-like elastase family, member 2B 
               
               
                 CELA3A 
                 ENSG00000142789 
                 Chymotrypsin-like elastase family, member 3A 
               
               
                 CELA3B 
                 ENSG00000219073 
                 Chymotrypsin-like elastase family, member 3B 
               
               
                 CEMIP 
                 ENSG00000103888 
                 Cell migration inducing protein, hyaluronan binding 
               
               
                 CEP89 
                 ENSG00000121289 
                 Centrosomal protein 89 kDa 
               
               
                 CER1 
                 ENSG00000147869 
                 Cerberus 1, DAN family BMP antagonist 
               
               
                 CERCAM 
                 ENSG00000167123 
                 Cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule 
               
               
                 CERS1 
                 ENSG00000223802 
                 Ceramide synthase 1 
               
               
                 CES1 
                 ENSG00000198848 
                 Carboxylesterase 1 
               
               
                 CES3 
                 ENSG00000172828 
                 Carboxylesterase 3 
               
               
                 CES4A 
                 ENSG00000172824 
                 Carboxylesterase 4A 
               
               
                 CES5A 
                 ENSG00000159398 
                 Carboxylesterase 5A 
               
               
                 CETP 
                 ENSG00000087237 
                 Cholesteryl ester transfer protein, plasma 
               
               
                 CFB 
                 ENSG00000243649 
                 Complement factor B 
               
               
                 CFC1 
                 ENSG00000136698 
                 Cripto, FRL-1, cryptic family 1 
               
               
                 CFC1B 
                 ENSG00000152093 
                 Cripto, FRL-1, cryptic family 1B 
               
               
                 CFD 
                 ENSG00000197766 
                 Complement factor D (adipsin) 
               
               
                 CFDP1 
                 ENSG00000153774 
                 Craniofacial development protein 1 
               
               
                 CFH 
                 ENSG00000000971 
                 Complement factor H 
               
               
                 CFHR1 
                 ENSG00000244414 
                 Complement factor H-related 1 
               
               
                 CFHR2 
                 ENSG00000080910 
                 Complement factor H-related 2 
               
               
                 CFHR3 
                 ENSG00000116785 
                 Complement factor H-related 3 
               
               
                 CFHR4 
                 ENSG00000134365 
                 Complement factor H-related 4 
               
               
                 CFHR5 
                 ENSG00000134389 
                 Complement factor H-related 5 
               
               
                 CFI 
                 ENSG00000205403 
                 Complement factor I 
               
               
                 CFP 
                 ENSG00000126759 
                 Complement factor properdin 
               
               
                 CGA 
                 ENSG00000135346 
                 Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 CGB 
                 ENSG00000104827 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 CGB1 
                 ENSG00000267631 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CGB2 
                 ENSG00000104818 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CGB5 
                 ENSG00000189052 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 5 
               
               
                 CGB7 
                 ENSG00000196337 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 7 
               
               
                 CGB8 
                 ENSG00000213030 
                 Chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 8 
               
               
                 CGREF1 
                 ENSG00000138028 
                 Cell growth regulator with EF-hand domain 1 
               
               
                 CH507-9B2.3 
                 ENSG00000280071 
                   
               
               
                 CHAD 
                 ENSG00000136457 
                 Chondroadherin 
               
               
                 CHADL 
                 ENSG00000100399 
                 Chondroadherin-like 
               
               
                 CHEK2 
                 ENSG00000183765 
                 Checkpoint kinase 2 
               
               
                 CHGA 
                 ENSG00000100604 
                 Chromogranin A 
               
               
                 CHGB 
                 ENSG00000089199 
                 Chromogranin B 
               
               
                 CHI3L1 
                 ENSG00000133048 
                 Chitinase 3-like 1 (cartilage glycoprotein-39) 
               
               
                 CHI3L2 
                 ENSG00000064886 
                 Chitinase 3-like 2 
               
               
                 CHIA 
                 ENSG00000134216 
                 Chitinase, acidic 
               
               
                 CHID1 
                 ENSG00000177830 
                 Chitinase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 CHIT1 
                 ENSG00000133063 
                 Chitinase 1 (chitotriosidase) 
               
               
                 CHL1 
                 ENSG00000134121 
                 Cell adhesion molecule L1-like 
               
               
                 CHN1 
                 ENSG00000128656 
                 Chimerin 1 
               
               
                 CHPF 
                 ENSG00000123989 
                 Chondroitin polymerizing factor 
               
               
                 CHPF2 
                 ENSG00000033100 
                 Chondroitin polymerizing factor 2 
               
               
                 CHRD 
                 ENSG00000090539 
                 Chordin 
               
               
                 CHRDL1 
                 ENSG00000101938 
                 Chordin-like 1 
               
               
                 CHRDL2 
                 ENSG00000054938 
                 Chordin-like 2 
               
               
                 CHRNA2 
                 ENSG00000120903 
                 Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 2 (neuronal) 
               
               
                 CHRNA5 
                 ENSG00000169684 
                 Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 5 (neuronal) 
               
               
                 CHRNB1 
                 ENSG00000170175 
                 Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, beta 1 (muscle) 
               
               
                 CHRND 
                 ENSG00000135902 
                 Cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, delta (muscle) 
               
               
                 CHST1 
                 ENSG00000175264 
                 Carbohydrate (keratan sulfate Gal-6) sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 CHST10 
                 ENSG00000115526 
                 Carbohydrate sulfotransferase 10 
               
               
                 CHST11 
                 ENSG00000171310 
                 Carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 11 
               
               
                 CHST13 
                 ENSG00000180767 
                 Carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 13 
               
               
                 CHST4 
                 ENSG00000140835 
                 Carbohydrate (N-acetylglucosamine 6-0) sulfotransferase 4 
               
               
                 CHST5 
                 ENSG00000135702 
                 Carbohydrate (N-acetylglucosamine 6-0) sulfotransferase 5 
               
               
                 CHST6 
                 ENSG00000183196 
                 Carbohydrate (N-acetylglucosamine 6-0) sulfotransferase 6 
               
               
                 CHST7 
                 ENSG00000147119 
                 Carbohydrate (N-acetylglucosamine 6-0) sulfotransferase 7 
               
               
                 CHST8 
                 ENSG00000124302 
                 Carbohydrate (N-acetylgalactosamine 4-0) sulfotransferase 8 
               
               
                 CHSY1 
                 ENSG00000131873 
                 Chondroitin sulfate synthase 1 
               
               
                 CHSY3 
                 ENSG00000198108 
                 Chondroitin sulfate synthase 3 
               
               
                 CHTF8 
                 ENSG00000168802 
                 Chromosome transmission fidelity factor 8 
               
               
                 CILP 
                 ENSG00000138615 
                 Cartilage intermediate layer protein, nucleotide pyrophosphohydrolase 
               
               
                 CILP2 
                 ENSG00000160161 
                 Cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 
               
               
                 CIRH1A 
                 ENSG00000141076 
                 Cirrhosis, autosomal recessive lA (cirhin) 
               
               
                 CKLF 
                 ENSG00000217555 
                 Chemokine-like factor 
               
               
                 CKMT1A 
                 ENSG00000223572 
                 Creatine kinase, mitochondrial lA 
               
               
                 CKMT1B 
                 ENSG00000237289 
                 Creatine kinase, mitochondrial 1B 
               
               
                 CLCA1 
                 ENSG00000016490 
                 Chloride channel accessory 1 
               
               
                 CLCF1 
                 ENSG00000175505 
                 Cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 
               
               
                 CLDN15 
                 ENSG00000106404 
                 Claudin 15 
               
               
                 CLDN7 
                 ENSG00000181885 
                 Claudin 7 
               
               
                 CLDND1 
                 ENSG00000080822 
                 Claudin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 CLEC11A 
                 ENSG00000105472 
                 C-type lectin domain family 11, member A 
               
               
                 CLEC16A 
                 ENSG00000038532 
                 C-type lectin domain family 16, member A 
               
               
                 CLEC18A 
                 ENSG00000157322 
                 C-type lectin domain family 18, member A 
               
               
                 CLEC18B 
                 ENSG00000140839 
                 C-type lectin domain family 18, member B 
               
               
                 CLEC18C 
                 ENSG00000157335 
                 C-type lectin domain family 18, member C 
               
               
                 CLEC19A 
                 ENSG00000261210 
                 C-type lectin domain family 19, member A 
               
               
                 CLEC2B 
                 ENSG00000110852 
                 C-type lectin domain family 2, member B 
               
               
                 CLEC3A 
                 ENSG00000166509 
                 C-type lectin domain family 3, member A 
               
               
                 CLEC3B 
                 ENSG00000163815 
                 C-type lectin domain family 3, member B 
               
               
                 CLGN 
                 ENSG00000153132 
                 Calmegin 
               
               
                 CLN5 
                 ENSG00000102805 
                 Ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 5 
               
               
                 CLPS 
                 ENSG00000137392 
                 Colipase, pancreatic 
               
               
                 CLPSL1 
                 ENSG00000204140 
                 Colipase-like 1 
               
               
                 CLPSL2 
                 ENSG00000196748 
                 Colipase-like 2 
               
               
                 CLPX 
                 ENSG00000166855 
                 Caseinolytic mitochondrial matrix peptidase chaperone subunit 
               
               
                 CLSTN3 
                 ENSG00000139182 
                 Calsyntenin 3 
               
               
                 CLU 
                 ENSG00000120885 
                 Clusterin 
               
               
                 CLUL1 
                 ENSG00000079101 
                 Clusterin-like 1 (retinal) 
               
               
                 CMA1 
                 ENSG00000092009 
                 Chymase 1, mast cell 
               
               
                 CMPK1 
                 ENSG00000162368 
                 Cytidine monophosphate (UMP-CMP) kinase 1, cytosolic 
               
               
                 CNBD1 
                 ENSG00000176571 
                 Cyclic nucleotide binding domain containing 1 
               
               
                 CNDP1 
                 ENSG00000150656 
                 Carnosine dipeptidase 1 (metallopeptidase M20 family) 
               
               
                 CNPY2 
                 ENSG00000257727 
                 Canopy FGF signaling regulator 2 
               
               
                 CNPY3 
                 ENSG00000137161 
                 Canopy FGF signaling regulator 3 
               
               
                 CNPY4 
                 ENSG00000166997 
                 Canopy FGF signaling regulator 4 
               
               
                 CNTFR 
                 ENSG00000122756 
                 Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor 
               
               
                 CNTN1 
                 ENSG00000018236 
                 Contactin 1 
               
               
                 CNTN2 
                 ENSG00000184144 
                 Contactin 2 (axonal) 
               
               
                 CNTN3 
                 ENSG00000113805 
                 Contactin 3 (plasmacytoma associated) 
               
               
                 CNTN4 
                 ENSG00000144619 
                 Contactin 4 
               
               
                 CNTN5 
                 ENSG00000149972 
                 Contactin 5 
               
               
                 CNTNAP2 
                 ENSG00000174469 
                 Contactin associated protein-like 2 
               
               
                 CNTNAP3 
                 ENSG00000106714 
                 Contactin associated protein-like 3 
               
               
                 CNTNAP3B 
                 ENSG00000154529 
                 Contactin associated protein-like 3B 
               
               
                 COASY 
                 ENSG00000068120 
                 CoA synthase 
               
               
                 COCH 
                 ENSG00000100473 
                 Cochlin 
               
               
                 COG3 
                 ENSG00000136152 
                 Component of oligomeric golgi complex 3 
               
               
                 COL10A1 
                 ENSG00000123500 
                 Collagen, type X, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL11A1 
                 ENSG00000060718 
                 Collagen, type XI, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL11A2 
                 ENSG00000204248 
                 Collagen, type XI, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL12A1 
                 ENSG00000111799 
                 Collagen, type XII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL14A1 
                 ENSG00000187955 
                 Collagen, type XIV, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL15A1 
                 ENSG00000204291 
                 Collagen, type XV, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL16A1 
                 ENSG00000084636 
                 Collagen, type XVI, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL18A1 
                 ENSG00000182871 
                 Collagen, type XVIII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL19A1 
                 ENSG00000082293 
                 Collagen, type XIX, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL1A1 
                 ENSG00000108821 
                 Collagen, type I, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL1A2 
                 ENSG00000164692 
                 Collagen, type I, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL20A1 
                 ENSG00000101203 
                 Collagen, type XX, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL21A1 
                 ENSG00000124749 
                 Collagen, type XXI, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL22A1 
                 ENSG00000169436 
                 Collagen, type XXII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL24A1 
                 ENSG00000171502 
                 Collagen, type XXIV, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL26A1 
                 ENSG00000160963 
                 Collagen, type XXVI, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL27A1 
                 ENSG00000196739 
                 Collagen, type XXVII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL28A1 
                 ENSG00000215018 
                 Collagen, type XXVIII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL2A1 
                 ENSG00000139219 
                 Collagen, type II, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL3A1 
                 ENSG00000168542 
                 Collagen, type III, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL4A1 
                 ENSG00000187498 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL4A2 
                 ENSG00000134871 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL4A3 
                 ENSG00000169031 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 3 (Goodpasture antigen) 
               
               
                 COL4A4 
                 ENSG00000081052 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 4 
               
               
                 COL4A5 
                 ENSG00000188153 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 5 
               
               
                 COL4A6 
                 ENSG00000197565 
                 Collagen, type IV, alpha 6 
               
               
                 COL5A1 
                 ENSG00000130635 
                 Collagen, type V, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL5A2 
                 ENSG00000204262 
                 Collagen, type V, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL5A3 
                 ENSG00000080573 
                 Collagen, type V, alpha 3 
               
               
                 COL6A1 
                 ENSG00000142156 
                 Collagen, type VI, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL6A2 
                 ENSG00000142173 
                 Collagen, type VI, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL6A3 
                 ENSG00000163359 
                 Collagen, type VI, alpha 3 
               
               
                 COL6A5 
                 ENSG00000172752 
                 Collagen, type VI, alpha 5 
               
               
                 COL6A6 
                 ENSG00000206384 
                 Collagen, type VI, alpha 6 
               
               
                 COL7A1 
                 ENSG00000114270 
                 Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL8A1 
                 ENSG00000144810 
                 Collagen, type VIII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL8A2 
                 ENSG00000171812 
                 Collagen, type VIII, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL9A1 
                 ENSG00000112280 
                 Collagen, type IX, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL9A2 
                 ENSG00000049089 
                 Collagen, type IX, alpha 2 
               
               
                 COL9A3 
                 ENSG00000092758 
                 Collagen, type IX, alpha 3 
               
               
                 COLEC10 
                 ENSG00000184374 
                 Collectin sub-family member 10 (C-type lectin) 
               
               
                 COLEC11 
                 ENSG00000118004 
                 Collectin sub-family member 11 
               
               
                 COLGALT1 
                 ENSG00000130309 
                 Collagen beta(1-0)galactosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 COLGALT2 
                 ENSG00000198756 
                 Collagen beta(1-0)galactosyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 COLQ 
                 ENSG00000206561 
                 Collagen-like tail subunit (single strand of homotrimer) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 of asymmetric acetylcholinesterase 
               
               
                 COMP 
                 ENSG00000105664 
                 Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein 
               
               
                 COPS6 
                 ENSG00000168090 
                 COP9 signalosome subunit 6 
               
               
                 COQ6 
                 ENSG00000119723 
                 Coenzyme Q6 monooxygenase 
               
               
                 CORT 
                 ENSG00000241563 
                 Cortistatin 
               
               
                 CP 
                 ENSG00000047457 
                 Ceruloplasmin (ferroxidase) 
               
               
                 CPA1 
                 ENSG00000091704 
                 Carboxypeptidase A1 (pancreatic) 
               
               
                 CPA2 
                 ENSG00000158516 
                 Carboxypeptidase A2 (pancreatic) 
               
               
                 CPA3 
                 ENSG00000163751 
                 Carboxypeptidase A3 (mast cell) 
               
               
                 CPA4 
                 ENSG00000128510 
                 Carboxypeptidase A4 
               
               
                 CPA6 
                 ENSG00000165078 
                 Carboxypeptidase A6 
               
               
                 CPAMD8 
                 ENSG00000160111 
                 C3 and PZP-like, alpha-2-macroglobulin domain containing 8 
               
               
                 CPB1 
                 ENSG00000153002 
                 Carboxypeptidase B1 (tissue) 
               
               
                 CPB2 
                 ENSG00000080618 
                 Carboxypeptidase B2 (plasma) 
               
               
                 CPE 
                 ENSG00000109472 
                 Carboxypeptidase E 
               
               
                 CPM 
                 ENSG00000135678 
                 Carboxypeptidase M 
               
               
                 CPN1 
                 ENSG00000120054 
                 Carboxypeptidase N, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CPN2 
                 ENSG00000178772 
                 Carboxypeptidase N, polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CPO 
                 ENSG00000144410 
                 Carboxypeptidase O 
               
               
                 CPQ 
                 ENSG00000104324 
                 Carboxypeptidase Q 
               
               
                 CPVL 
                 ENSG00000106066 
                 Carboxypeptidase, vitellogenic-like 
               
               
                 CPXM1 
                 ENSG00000088882 
                 Carboxypeptidase X (M14 family), member 1 
               
               
                 CPXM2 
                 ENSG00000121898 
                 Carboxypeptidase X (M14 family), member 2 
               
               
                 CPZ 
                 ENSG00000109625 
                 Carboxypeptidase Z 
               
               
                 CR1L 
                 ENSG00000197721 
                 Complement component (3b/4b) receptor 1-like 
               
               
                 CRB2 
                 ENSG00000148204 
                 Crumbs family member 2 
               
               
                 CREG1 
                 ENSG00000143162 
                 Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 1 
               
               
                 CREG2 
                 ENSG00000175874 
                 Cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 2 
               
               
                 CRELD1 
                 ENSG00000163703 
                 Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 1 
               
               
                 CRELD2 
                 ENSG00000184164 
                 Cysteine-rich with EGF-like domains 2 
               
               
                 CRH 
                 ENSG00000147571 
                 Corticotropin releasing hormone 
               
               
                 CRHBP 
                 ENSG00000145708 
                 Corticotropin releasing hormone binding protein 
               
               
                 CRHR1 
                 ENSG00000120088 
                 Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 
               
               
                 CRHR2 
                 ENSG00000106113 
                 Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 2 
               
               
                 CRISP1 
                 ENSG00000124812 
                 Cysteine-rich secretory protein 1 
               
               
                 CRISP2 
                 ENSG00000124490 
                 Cysteine-rich secretory protein 2 
               
               
                 CRISP3 
                 ENSG00000096006 
                 Cysteine-rich secretory protein 3 
               
               
                 CRISPLD2 
                 ENSG00000103196 
                 Cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 2 
               
               
                 CRLF1 
                 ENSG00000006016 
                 Cytokine receptor-like factor 1 
               
               
                 CRP 
                 ENSG00000132693 
                 C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related 
               
               
                 CRTAC1 
                 ENSG00000095713 
                 Cartilage acidic protein 1 
               
               
                 CRTAP 
                 ENSG00000170275 
                 Cartilage associated protein 
               
               
                 CRY2 
                 ENSG00000121671 
                 Cryptochrome circadian clock 2 
               
               
                 CSAD 
                 ENSG00000139631 
                 Cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase 
               
               
                 CSF1 
                 ENSG00000184371 
                 Colony stimulating factor 1 (macrophage) 
               
               
                 CSF1R 
                 ENSG00000182578 
                 Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor 
               
               
                 CSF2 
                 ENSG00000164400 
                 Colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage) 
               
               
                 CSF2RA 
                 ENSG00000198223 
                 Colony stimulating factor 2 receptor, alpha, low-affinity (granulocyte-macrophage) 
               
               
                 CSF3 
                 ENSG00000108342 
                 Colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte) 
               
               
                 CSGALNACT1 
                 ENSG00000147408 
                 Chondroitin sulfate N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 CSH1 
                 ENSG00000136488 
                 Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 1 (placental lactogen) 
               
               
                 CSH2 
                 ENSG00000213218 
                 Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone 2 
               
               
                 CSHL1 
                 ENSG00000204414 
                 Chorionic somatomammotropin hormone-like 1 
               
               
                 CSN1S1 
                 ENSG00000126545 
                 Casein alpha sl 
               
               
                 CSN2 
                 ENSG00000135222 
                 Casein beta 
               
               
                 CSN3 
                 ENSG00000171209 
                 Casein kappa 
               
               
                 CST1 
                 ENSG00000170373 
                 Cystatin SN 
               
               
                 CST11 
                 ENSG00000125831 
                 Cystatin 11 
               
               
                 CST2 
                 ENSG00000170369 
                 Cystatin SA 
               
               
                 CST3 
                 ENSG00000101439 
                 Cystatin C 
               
               
                 CST4 
                 ENSG00000101441 
                 Cystatin S 
               
               
                 CST5 
                 ENSG00000170367 
                 Cystatin D 
               
               
                 CST6 
                 ENSG00000175315 
                 Cystatin E/M 
               
               
                 CST7 
                 ENSG00000077984 
                 Cystatin F (leukocystatin) 
               
               
                 CST8 
                 ENSG00000125815 
                 Cystatin 8 (cystatin-related epididymal specific) 
               
               
                 CST9 
                 ENSG00000173335 
                 Cystatin 9 (testatin) 
               
               
                 CST9L 
                 ENSG00000101435 
                 Cystatin 9-like 
               
               
                 CSTL1 
                 ENSG00000125823 
                 Cystatin-like 1 
               
               
                 CT55 
                 ENSG00000169551 
                 Cancer/testis antigen 55 
               
               
                 CTB-60B18.6 
                 ENSG00000267335 
                   
               
               
                 CTBS 
                 ENSG00000117151 
                 Chitobiase, di-N-acetyl- 
               
               
                 CTD-2313N18.7 
                 ENSG00000225805 
                   
               
               
                 CTD-2370N5.3 
                 ENSG00000265118 
                   
               
               
                 CTGF 
                 ENSG00000118523 
                 Connective tissue growth factor 
               
               
                 CTHRC1 
                 ENSG00000164932 
                 Collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 
               
               
                 CTLA4 
                 ENSG00000163599 
                 Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 
               
               
                 CTNS 
                 ENSG00000040531 
                 Cystinosin, lysosomal cystine transporter 
               
               
                 CTRB1 
                 ENSG00000168925 
                 Chymotrypsinogen B1 
               
               
                 CTRB2 
                 ENSG00000168928 
                 Chymotrypsinogen B2 
               
               
                 CTRC 
                 ENSG00000162438 
                 Chymotrypsin C (caldecrin) 
               
               
                 CTRL 
                 ENSG00000141086 
                 Chymotrypsin-like 
               
               
                 CTSA 
                 ENSG00000064601 
                 Cathepsin A 
               
               
                 CTSB 
                 ENSG00000164733 
                 Cathepsin B 
               
               
                 CTSC 
                 ENSG00000109861 
                 Cathepsin C 
               
               
                 CTSD 
                 ENSG00000117984 
                 Cathepsin D 
               
               
                 CTSE 
                 ENSG00000196188 
                 Cathepsin E 
               
               
                 CTSF 
                 ENSG00000174080 
                 Cathepsin F 
               
               
                 CTSG 
                 ENSG00000100448 
                 Cathepsin G 
               
               
                 CTSH 
                 ENSG00000103811 
                 Cathepsin H 
               
               
                 CTSK 
                 ENSG00000143387 
                 Cathepsin K 
               
               
                 CTSL 
                 ENSG00000135047 
                 Cathepsin L 
               
               
                 CTSO 
                 ENSG00000256043 
                 Cathepsin O 
               
               
                 CTSS 
                 ENSG00000163131 
                 Cathepsin S 
               
               
                 CTSV 
                 ENSG00000136943 
                 Cathepsin V 
               
               
                 CTSW 
                 ENSG00000172543 
                 Cathepsin W 
               
               
                 CTSZ 
                 ENSG00000101160 
                 Cathepsin Z 
               
               
                 CUBN 
                 ENSG00000107611 
                 Cubilin (intrinsic factor-cobalamin receptor) 
               
               
                 CUTA 
                 ENSG00000112514 
                 CutA divalent cation tolerance homolog ( E. coli ) 
               
               
                 CX3CL1 
                 ENSG00000006210 
                 Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 
               
               
                 CXADR 
                 ENSG00000154639 
                 Coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor 
               
               
                 CXCL1 
                 ENSG00000163739 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha) 
               
               
                 CXCL10 
                 ENSG00000169245 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 
               
               
                 CXCL11 
                 ENSG00000169248 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 
               
               
                 CXCL12 
                 ENSG00000107562 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 
               
               
                 CXCL13 
                 ENSG00000156234 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 
               
               
                 CXCL14 
                 ENSG00000145824 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 
               
               
                 CXCL17 
                 ENSG00000189377 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 17 
               
               
                 CXCL2 
                 ENSG00000081041 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 
               
               
                 CXCL3 
                 ENSG00000163734 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3 
               
               
                 CXCL5 
                 ENSG00000163735 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 
               
               
                 CXCL6 
                 ENSG00000124875 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6 
               
               
                 CXCL8 
                 ENSG00000169429 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8 
               
               
                 CXCL9 
                 ENSG00000138755 
                 Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 
               
               
                 CXorf36 
                 ENSG00000147113 
                 Chromosome X open reading frame 36 
               
               
                 CYB5D2 
                 ENSG00000167740 
                 Cytochrome b5 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 CYHR1 
                 ENSG00000187954 
                 Cysteine/histidine-rich 1 
               
               
                 CYP17A1 
                 ENSG00000148795 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP20A1 
                 ENSG00000119004 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 20, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP21A2 
                 ENSG00000231852 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 21, subfamily A, polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CYP26B1 
                 ENSG00000003137 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily B, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP2A6 
                 ENSG00000255974 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 6 
               
               
                 CYP2A7 
                 ENSG00000198077 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily A, polypeptide 7 
               
               
                 CYP2B6 
                 ENSG00000197408 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily B, polypeptide 6 
               
               
                 CYP2C18 
                 ENSG00000108242 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 18 
               
               
                 CYP2C19 
                 ENSG00000165841 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 19 
               
               
                 CYP2C8 
                 ENSG00000138115 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 8 
               
               
                 CYP2C9 
                 ENSG00000138109 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily C, polypeptide 9 
               
               
                 CYP2E1 
                 ENSG00000130649 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily E, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP2F1 
                 ENSG00000197446 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily F, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP2J2 
                 ENSG00000134716 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily J, polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CYP2R1 
                 ENSG00000186104 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily R, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP2S1 
                 ENSG00000167600 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily S, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP2W1 
                 ENSG00000073067 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily W, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP46A1 
                 ENSG00000036530 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 46, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 
               
               
                 CYP4F11 
                 ENSG00000171903 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 11 
               
               
                 CYP4F2 
                 ENSG00000186115 
                 Cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CYR61 
                 ENSG00000142871 
                 Cysteine-rich, angiogenic inducer, 61 
               
               
                 CYTL1 
                 ENSG00000170891 
                 Cytokine-like 1 
               
               
                 D2HGDH 
                 ENSG00000180902 
                 D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 DAG1 
                 ENSG00000173402 
                 Dystroglycan 1 (dystrophin-associated glycoprotein 1) 
               
               
                 DAND5 
                 ENSG00000179284 
                 DAN domain family member 5, BMP antagonist 
               
               
                 DAG 
                 ENSG00000110887 
                 D-amino-acid oxidase 
               
               
                 DAZAP2 
                 ENSG00000183283 
                 DAZ associated protein 2 
               
               
                 DBH 
                 ENSG00000123454 
                 Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) 
               
               
                 DBNL 
                 ENSG00000136279 
                 Drebrin-like 
               
               
                 DCD 
                 ENSG00000161634 
                 Dermcidin 
               
               
                 DCN 
                 ENSG00000011465 
                 Decorin 
               
               
                 DDIAS 
                 ENSG00000165490 
                 DNA damage-induced apoptosis suppressor 
               
               
                 DDOST 
                 ENSG00000244038 
                 Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 
               
               
                   
                   
                 subunit (non-catalytic) 
               
               
                 DDR1 
                 ENSG00000204580 
                 Discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1 
               
               
                 DDR2 
                 ENSG00000162733 
                 Discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 2 
               
               
                 DDT 
                 ENSG00000099977 
                 D-dopachrome tautomerase 
               
               
                 DDX17 
                 ENSG00000100201 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box helicase 17 
               
               
                 DDX20 
                 ENSG00000064703 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 20 
               
               
                 DDX25 
                 ENSG00000109832 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box helicase 25 
               
               
                 DDX28 
                 ENSG00000182810 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 28 
               
               
                 DEAF1 
                 ENSG00000177030 
                 DEAF1 transcription factor 
               
               
                 DEF8 
                 ENSG00000140995 
                 Differentially expressed in FDCP 8 homolog (mouse) 
               
               
                 DEFA1 
                 ENSG00000206047 
                 Defensin, alpha 1 
               
               
                 DEFA1B 
                 ENSG00000240247 
                 Defensin, alpha 1B 
               
               
                 DEFA3 
                 ENSG00000239839 
                 Defensin, alpha 3, neutrophil-specific 
               
               
                 DEFA4 
                 ENSG00000164821 
                 Defensin, alpha 4, corticostatin 
               
               
                 DEFA5 
                 ENSG00000164816 
                 Defensin, alpha 5, Paneth cell-specific 
               
               
                 DEFA6 
                 ENSG00000164822 
                 Defensin, alpha 6, Paneth cell-specific 
               
               
                 DEFB1 
                 ENSG00000164825 
                 Defensin, beta 1 
               
               
                 DEFB103A 
                 ENSG00000176797 
                 Defensin, beta 103A 
               
               
                 DEFB103B 
                 ENSG00000177243 
                 Defensin, beta 103B 
               
               
                 DEFB104A 
                 ENSG00000176782 
                 Defensin, beta 104A 
               
               
                 DEFB104B 
                 ENSG00000177023 
                 Defensin, beta 104B 
               
               
                 DEFB105A 
                 ENSG00000186562 
                 Defensin, beta 105A 
               
               
                 DEFB105B 
                 ENSG00000186599 
                 Defensin, beta 105B 
               
               
                 DEFB106A 
                 ENSG00000186579 
                 Defensin, beta 106A 
               
               
                 DEFB106B 
                 ENSG00000187082 
                 Defensin, beta 106B 
               
               
                 DEFB107A 
                 ENSG00000186572 
                 Defensin, beta 107A 
               
               
                 DEFB107B 
                 ENSG00000198129 
                 Defensin, beta 107B 
               
               
                 DEFB108B 
                 ENSG00000184276 
                 Defensin, beta 108B 
               
               
                 DEFB110 
                 ENSG00000203970 
                 Defensin, beta 110 
               
               
                 DEFB113 
                 ENSG00000214642 
                 Defensin, beta 113 
               
               
                 DEFB114 
                 ENSG00000177684 
                 Defensin, beta 114 
               
               
                 DEFB115 
                 ENSG00000215547 
                 Defensin, beta 115 
               
               
                 DEFB116 
                 ENSG00000215545 
                 Defensin, beta 116 
               
               
                 DEFB118 
                 ENSG00000131068 
                 Defensin, beta 118 
               
               
                 DEFB119 
                 ENSG00000180483 
                 Defensin, beta 119 
               
               
                 DEFB121 
                 ENSG00000204548 
                 Defensin, beta 121 
               
               
                 DEFB123 
                 ENSG00000180424 
                 Defensin, beta 123 
               
               
                 DEFB124 
                 ENSG00000180383 
                 Defensin, beta 124 
               
               
                 DEFB125 
                 ENSG00000178591 
                 Defensin, beta 125 
               
               
                 DEFB126 
                 ENSG00000125788 
                 Defensin, beta 126 
               
               
                 DEFB127 
                 ENSG00000088782 
                 Defensin, beta 127 
               
               
                 DEFB128 
                 ENSG00000185982 
                 Defensin, beta 128 
               
               
                 DEFB129 
                 ENSG00000125903 
                 Defensin, beta 129 
               
               
                 DEFB130 
                 ENSG00000232948 
                 Defensin, beta 130 
               
               
                 DEFB131 
                 ENSG00000186146 
                 Defensin, beta 131 
               
               
                 DEFB132 
                 ENSG00000186458 
                 Defensin, beta 132 
               
               
                 DEFB133 
                 ENSG00000214643 
                 Defensin, beta 133 
               
               
                 DEFB134 
                 ENSG00000205882 
                 Defensin, beta 134 
               
               
                 DEFB135 
                 ENSG00000205883 
                 Defensin, beta 135 
               
               
                 DEFB136 
                 ENSG00000205884 
                 Defensin, beta 136 
               
               
                 DEFB4A 
                 ENSG00000171711 
                 Defensin, beta 4A 
               
               
                 DEFB4B 
                 ENSG00000177257 
                 Defensin, beta 4B 
               
               
                 DFNA5 
                 ENSG00000105928 
                 Deafness, autosomal dominant 5 
               
               
                 DFNB31 
                 ENSG00000095397 
                 Deafness, autosomal recessive 31 
               
               
                 DGCR2 
                 ENSG00000070413 
                 DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 2 
               
               
                 DHH 
                 ENSG00000139549 
                 Desert hedgehog 
               
               
                 DHRS4 
                 ENSG00000157326 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 4 
               
               
                 DHRS4L2 
                 ENSG00000187630 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 4 like 2 
               
               
                 DHRS7 
                 ENSG00000100612 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7 
               
               
                 DHRS7C 
                 ENSG00000184544 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 7C 
               
               
                 DHRS9 
                 ENSG00000073737 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 9 
               
               
                 DHRSX 
                 ENSG00000169084 
                 Dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) X-linked 
               
               
                 DHX29 
                 ENSG00000067248 
                 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 29 
               
               
                 DHX30 
                 ENSG00000132153 
                 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box helicase 30 
               
               
                 DHX8 
                 ENSG00000067596 
                 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 8 
               
               
                 DIO2 
                 ENSG00000211448 
                 Deiodinase, iodothyronine, type II 
               
               
                 DIXDC1 
                 ENSG00000150764 
                 DIX domain containing 1 
               
               
                 DKK1 
                 ENSG00000107984 
                 Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 
               
               
                 DKK2 
                 ENSG00000155011 
                 Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2 
               
               
                 DKK3 
                 ENSG00000050165 
                 Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 3 
               
               
                 DKK4 
                 ENSG00000104371 
                 Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 4 
               
               
                 DKKL1 
                 ENSG00000104901 
                 Dickkopf-like 1 
               
               
                 DLG4 
                 ENSG00000132535 
                 Discs, large homolog 4 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 DLK1 
                 ENSG00000185559 
                 Delta-like 1 homolog (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 DLL1 
                 ENSG00000198719 
                 Delta-like 1 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 DLL3 
                 ENSG00000090932 
                 Delta-like 3 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 DMBT1 
                 ENSG00000187908 
                 Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 
               
               
                 DMKN 
                 ENSG00000161249 
                 Dermokine 
               
               
                 DMP1 
                 ENSG00000152592 
                 Dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 
               
               
                 DMRTA2 
                 ENSG00000142700 
                 DMRT-like family A2 
               
               
                 DNAAF5 
                 ENSG00000164818 
                 Dynein, axonemal, assembly factor 5 
               
               
                 DNAH14 
                 ENSG00000185842 
                 Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14 
               
               
                 DNAJB11 
                 ENSG00000090520 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 11 
               
               
                 DNAJB9 
                 ENSG00000128590 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 9 
               
               
                 DNAJC25-GNG10 
                 ENSG00000244115 
                 DNAJC25-GNG10 readthrough 
               
               
                 DNAJC3 
                 ENSG00000102580 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 3 
               
               
                 DNASE1 
                 ENSG00000213918 
                 Deoxyribonuclease I 
               
               
                 DNASE1L1 
                 ENSG00000013563 
                 Deoxyribonuclease I-like 1 
               
               
                 DNASE1L2 
                 ENSG00000167968 
                 Deoxyribonuclease I-like 2 
               
               
                 DNASE1L3 
                 ENSG00000163687 
                 Deoxyribonuclease I-like 3 
               
               
                 DNASE2 
                 ENSG00000105612 
                 Deoxyribonuclease II, lysosomal 
               
               
                 DNASE2B 
                 ENSG00000137976 
                 Deoxyribonuclease II beta 
               
               
                 DPEP1 
                 ENSG00000015413 
                 Dipeptidase 1 (renal) 
               
               
                 DPEP2 
                 ENSG00000167261 
                 Dipeptidase 2 
               
               
                 DPEP3 
                 ENSG00000141096 
                 Dipeptidase 3 
               
               
                 DPF3 
                 ENSG00000205683 
                 D4, zinc and double PHD fingers, family 3 
               
               
                 DPP4 
                 ENSG00000197635 
                 Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 
               
               
                 DPP7 
                 ENSG00000176978 
                 Dipeptidyl-peptidase 7 
               
               
                 DPT 
                 ENSG00000143196 
                 Dermatopontin 
               
               
                 DRAXIN 
                 ENSG00000162490 
                 Dorsal inhibitory axon guidance protein 
               
               
                 DSE 
                 ENSG00000111817 
                 Dermatan sulfate epimerase 
               
               
                 DSG2 
                 ENSG00000046604 
                 Desmoglein 2 
               
               
                 DSPP 
                 ENSG00000152591 
                 Dentin sialophosphoprotein 
               
               
                 DST 
                 ENSG00000151914 
                 Dystonin 
               
               
                 DUOX1 
                 ENSG00000137857 
                 Dual oxidase 1 
               
               
                 DYNLT3 
                 ENSG00000165169 
                 Dynein, light chain, Tctex-type 3 
               
               
                 E2F5 
                 ENSG00000133740 
                 E2F transcription factor 5, p130-binding 
               
               
                 EBAG9 
                 ENSG00000147654 
                 Estrogen receptor binding site associated, antigen, 9 
               
               
                 EBI3 
                 ENSG00000105246 
                 Epstein-Barr virus induced 3 
               
               
                 ECHDC1 
                 ENSG00000093144 
                 Ethylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase 1 
               
               
                 ECM1 
                 ENSG00000143369 
                 Extracellular matrix protein 1 
               
               
                 ECM2 
                 ENSG00000106823 
                 Extracellular matrix protein 2, female organ and adipocyte specific 
               
               
                 ECSIT 
                 ENSG00000130159 
                 ECSIT signalling integrator 
               
               
                 EDDM3A 
                 ENSG00000181562 
                 Epididymal protein 3A 
               
               
                 EDDM3B 
                 ENSG00000181552 
                 Epididymal protein 3B 
               
               
                 EDEM2 
                 ENSG00000088298 
                 ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 2 
               
               
                 EDEM3 
                 ENSG00000116406 
                 ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 3 
               
               
                 EDIL3 
                 ENSG00000164176 
                 EGF-like repeats and discoidin I-like domains 3 
               
               
                 EDN1 
                 ENSG00000078401 
                 Endothelin 1 
               
               
                 EDN2 
                 ENSG00000127129 
                 Endothelin 2 
               
               
                 EDN3 
                 ENSG00000124205 
                 Endothelin 3 
               
               
                 EDNRB 
                 ENSG00000136160 
                 Endothelin receptor type B 
               
               
                 EFEMP1 
                 ENSG00000115380 
                 EGF containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1 
               
               
                 EFEMP2 
                 ENSG00000172638 
                 EGF containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 2 
               
               
                 EFNA1 
                 ENSG00000169242 
                 Ephrin-Al 
               
               
                 EFNA2 
                 ENSG00000099617 
                 Ephrin-A2 
               
               
                 EFNA4 
                 ENSG00000243364 
                 Ephrin-A4 
               
               
                 EGFL6 
                 ENSG00000198759 
                 EGF-like-domain, multiple 6 
               
               
                 EGFL7 
                 ENSG00000172889 
                 EGF-like-domain, multiple 7 
               
               
                 EGFL8 
                 ENSG00000241404 
                 EGF-like-domain, multiple 8 
               
               
                 EGFLAM 
                 ENSG00000164318 
                 EGF-like, fibronectin type III and laminin G domains 
               
               
                 EGFR 
                 ENSG00000146648 
                 Epidermal growth factor receptor 
               
               
                 EHBP1 
                 ENSG00000115504 
                 EH domain binding protein 1 
               
               
                 EHF 
                 ENSG00000135373 
                 Ets homologous factor 
               
               
                 EHMT1 
                 ENSG00000181090 
                 Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 EHMT2 
                 ENSG00000204371 
                 Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 EIF2AK1 
                 ENSG00000086232 
                 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 1 
               
               
                 ELANE 
                 ENSG00000197561 
                 Elastase, neutrophil expressed 
               
               
                 ELN 
                 ENSG00000049540 
                 Elastin 
               
               
                 ELP2 
                 ENSG00000134759 
                 Elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 2 
               
               
                 EL SPBP1 
                 ENSG00000169393 
                 Epididymal sperm binding protein 1 
               
               
                 EMC1 
                 ENSG00000127463 
                 ER membrane protein complex subunit 1 
               
               
                 EMC10 
                 ENSG00000161671 
                 ER membrane protein complex subunit 10 
               
               
                 EMC9 
                 ENSG00000100908 
                 ER membrane protein complex subunit 9 
               
               
                 EMCN 
                 ENSG00000164035 
                 Endomucin 
               
               
                 EMID1 
                 ENSG00000186998 
                 EMI domain containing 1 
               
               
                 EMILIN1 
                 ENSG00000138080 
                 Elastin microfibril interfacer 1 
               
               
                 EMILIN2 
                 ENSG00000132205 
                 Elastin microfibril interfacer 2 
               
               
                 EMILIN3 
                 ENSG00000183798 
                 Elastin microfibril interfacer 3 
               
               
                 ENAM 
                 ENSG00000132464 
                 Enamelin 
               
               
                 ENDOG 
                 ENSG00000167136 
                 Endonuclease G 
               
               
                 ENDOU 
                 ENSG00000111405 
                 Endonuclease, polyU-specific 
               
               
                 ENHO 
                 ENSG00000168913 
                 Energy homeostasis associated 
               
               
                 EN04 
                 ENSG00000188316 
                 Enolase family member 4 
               
               
                 ENPP6 
                 ENSG00000164303 
                 Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 6 
               
               
                 ENPP7 
                 ENSG00000182156 
                 Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 7 
               
               
                 ENTPD5 
                 ENSG00000187097 
                 Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 5 
               
               
                 ENTPD8 
                 ENSG00000188833 
                 Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 
               
               
                 EOGT 
                 ENSG00000163378 
                 EGF domain-specific O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase 
               
               
                 EPCAM 
                 ENSG00000119888 
                 Epithelial cell adhesion molecule 
               
               
                 EPDR1 
                 ENSG00000086289 
                 Ependymin related 1 
               
               
                 EPGN 
                 ENSG00000182585 
                 Epithelial mitogen 
               
               
                 EPHA10 
                 ENSG00000183317 
                 EPH receptor A10 
               
               
                 EPHA3 
                 ENSG00000044524 
                 EPH receptor A3 
               
               
                 EPHA4 
                 ENSG00000116106 
                 EPH receptor A4 
               
               
                 EPHA7 
                 ENSG00000135333 
                 EPH receptor A7 
               
               
                 EPHA8 
                 ENSG00000070886 
                 EPH receptor A8 
               
               
                 EPHB2 
                 ENSG00000133216 
                 EPH receptor B2 
               
               
                 EPHB4 
                 ENSG00000196411 
                 EPH receptor B4 
               
               
                 EPHX3 
                 ENSG00000105131 
                 Epoxide hydrolase 3 
               
               
                 EPO 
                 ENSG00000130427 
                 Erythropoietin 
               
               
                 EPPIN 
                 ENSG00000101448 
                 Epididymal peptidase inhibitor 
               
               
                 EPPIN-WFDC6 
                 ENSG00000249139 
                 EPPIN-WFDC6 readthrough 
               
               
                 EPS15 
                 ENSG00000085832 
                 Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 15 
               
               
                 EPS8L1 
                 ENSG00000131037 
                 EPS8-like 1 
               
               
                 EPX 
                 ENSG00000121053 
                 Eosinophil peroxidase 
               
               
                 EPYC 
                 ENSG00000083782 
                 Epiphycan 
               
               
                 EQTN 
                 ENSG00000120160 
                 Equatorin, sperm acrosome associated 
               
               
                 ERAP1 
                 ENSG00000164307 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 
               
               
                 ERAP2 
                 ENSG00000164308 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 
               
               
                 ERBB3 
                 ENSG00000065361 
                 Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 3 
               
               
                 ERLIN1 
                 ENSG00000107566 
                 ER lipid raft associated 1 
               
               
                 ERLIN2 
                 ENSG00000147475 
                 ER lipid raft associated 2 
               
               
                 ERNI 
                 ENSG00000178607 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 1 
               
               
                 ERN2 
                 ENSG00000134398 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2 
               
               
                 ERO1A 
                 ENSG00000197930 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase alpha 
               
               
                 ERO1B 
                 ENSG00000086619 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase beta 
               
               
                 ERP27 
                 ENSG00000139055 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum protein 27 
               
               
                 ERP29 
                 ENSG00000089248 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 
               
               
                 ERP44 
                 ENSG00000023318 
                 Endoplasmic reticulum protein 44 
               
               
                 ERV3-1 
                 ENSG00000213462 
                 Endogenous retrovirus group 3, member 1 
               
               
                 ESM1 
                 ENSG00000164283 
                 Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 
               
               
                 ESRP1 
                 ENSG00000104413 
                 Epithelial splicing regulatory protein 1 
               
               
                 EXOG 
                 ENSG00000157036 
                 Endo/exonuclease (5′-3′), endonuclease G-like 
               
               
                 EXTL1 
                 ENSG00000158008 
                 Exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 EXTL2 
                 ENSG00000162694 
                 Exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 F10 
                 ENSG00000126218 
                 Coagulation factor X 
               
               
                 F11 
                 ENSG00000088926 
                 Coagulation factor XI 
               
               
                 F12 
                 ENSG00000131187 
                 Coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor) 
               
               
                 F13B 
                 ENSG00000143278 
                 Coagulation factor XIII, B polypeptide 
               
               
                 F2 
                 ENSG00000180210 
                 Coagulation factor II (thrombin) 
               
               
                 F2R 
                 ENSG00000181104 
                 Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor 
               
               
                 F2RL3 
                 ENSG00000127533 
                 Coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 3 
               
               
                 F5 
                 ENSG00000198734 
                 Coagulation factor V (proaccelerin, labile factor) 
               
               
                 F7 
                 ENSG00000057593 
                 Coagulation factor VII (serum prothrombin conversion accelerator) 
               
               
                 F8 
                 ENSG00000185010 
                 Coagulation factor VIII, procoagulant component 
               
               
                 F9 
                 ENSG00000101981 
                 Coagulation factor IX 
               
               
                 FABP6 
                 ENSG00000170231 
                 Fatty acid binding protein 6, ileal 
               
               
                 FAM107B 
                 ENSG00000065809 
                 Family with sequence similarity 107, member B 
               
               
                 FAM131A 
                 ENSG00000175182 
                 Family with sequence similarity 131, member A 
               
               
                 FAM132A 
                 ENSG00000184163 
                 Family with sequence similarity 132, member A 
               
               
                 FAM132B 
                 ENSG00000178752 
                 Family with sequence similarity 132, member B 
               
               
                 FAM150A 
                 ENSG00000196711 
                 Family with sequence similarity 150, member A 
               
               
                 FAM150B 
                 ENSG00000189292 
                 Family with sequence similarity 150, member B 
               
               
                 FAM171A1 
                 ENSG00000148468 
                 Family with sequence similarity 171, member Al 
               
               
                 FAM171B 
                 ENSG00000144369 
                 Family with sequence similarity 171, member B 
               
               
                 FAM172A 
                 ENSG00000113391 
                 Family with sequence similarity 172, member A 
               
               
                 FAM175A 
                 ENSG00000163322 
                 Family with sequence similarity 175, member A 
               
               
                 FAM177A1 
                 ENSG00000151327 
                 Family with sequence similarity 177, member Al 
               
               
                 FAM179B 
                 ENSG00000198718 
                 Family with sequence similarity 179, member B 
               
               
                 FAM180A 
                 ENSG00000189320 
                 Family with sequence similarity 180, member A 
               
               
                 FAM189A1 
                 ENSG00000104059 
                 Family with sequence similarity 189, member Al 
               
               
                 FAM198A 
                 ENSG00000144649 
                 Family with sequence similarity 198, member A 
               
               
                 FAM19A1 
                 ENSG00000183662 
                 Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member A1 
               
               
                 FAM19A2 
                 ENSG00000198673 
                 Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member A2 
               
               
                 FAM19A3 
                 ENSG00000184599 
                 Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member A3 
               
               
                 FAM19A4 
                 ENSG00000163377 
                 Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member A4 
               
               
                 FAM19A5 
                 ENSG00000219438 
                 Family with sequence similarity 19 (chemokine (C-C motif)-like), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member A5 
               
               
                 FAM20A 
                 ENSG00000108950 
                 Family with sequence similarity 20, member A 
               
               
                 FAM20C 
                 ENSG00000177706 
                 Family with sequence similarity 20, member C 
               
               
                 FAM213A 
                 ENSG00000122378 
                 Family with sequence similarity 213, member A 
               
               
                 FAM26D 
                 ENSG00000164451 
                 Family with sequence similarity 26, member D 
               
               
                 FAM46B 
                 ENSG00000158246 
                 Family with sequence similarity 46, member B 
               
               
                 FAM57A 
                 ENSG00000167695 
                 Family with sequence similarity 57, member A 
               
               
                 FAM78A 
                 ENSG00000126882 
                 Family with sequence similarity 78, member A 
               
               
                 FAM96A 
                 ENSG00000166797 
                 Family with sequence similarity 96, member A 
               
               
                 FAM9B 
                 ENSG00000177138 
                 Family with sequence similarity 9, member B 
               
               
                 FAP 
                 ENSG00000078098 
                 Fibroblast activation protein, alpha 
               
               
                 FAS 
                 ENSG00000026103 
                 Fas cell surface death receptor 
               
               
                 FAT1 
                 ENSG00000083857 
                 FAT atypical cadherin 1 
               
               
                 FBLN1 
                 ENSG00000077942 
                 Fibulin 1 
               
               
                 FBLN2 
                 ENSG00000163520 
                 Fibulin 2 
               
               
                 FBLN5 
                 ENSG00000140092 
                 Fibulin 5 
               
               
                 FBLN7 
                 ENSG00000144152 
                 Fibulin 7 
               
               
                 FBN1 
                 ENSG00000166147 
                 Fibrillin 1 
               
               
                 FBN2 
                 ENSG00000138829 
                 Fibrillin 2 
               
               
                 FBN3 
                 ENSG00000142449 
                 Fibrillin 3 
               
               
                 FBXW7 
                 ENSG00000109670 
                 F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 
               
               
                 FCAR 
                 ENSG00000186431 
                 Fc fragment of IgA receptor 
               
               
                 FCGBP 
                 ENSG00000275395 
                 Fc fragment of IgG binding protein 
               
               
                 FCGR1B 
                 ENSG00000198019 
                 Fc fragment of IgG, high affinity lb, receptor (CD64) 
               
               
                 FCGR3A 
                 ENSG00000203747 
                 Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity Ma, receptor (CD16a) 
               
               
                 FCGRT 
                 ENSG00000104870 
                 Fc fragment of IgG, receptor, transporter, alpha 
               
               
                 FCMR 
                 ENSG00000162894 
                 Fc fragment of IgM receptor 
               
               
                 FCN1 
                 ENSG00000085265 
                 Ficolin (collagen/fibrinogen domain containing) 1 
               
               
                 FCN2 
                 ENSG00000160339 
                 Ficolin (collagen/fibrinogen domain containing lectin) 2 
               
               
                 FCN3 
                 ENSG00000142748 
                 Ficolin (collagen/fibrinogen domain containing) 3 
               
               
                 FCRL1 
                 ENSG00000163534 
                 Fc receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 FCRL3 
                 ENSG00000160856 
                 Fc receptor-like 3 
               
               
                 FCRL5 
                 ENSG00000143297 
                 Fc receptor-like 5 
               
               
                 FCRLA 
                 ENSG00000132185 
                 Fc receptor-like A 
               
               
                 FCRLB 
                 ENSG00000162746 
                 Fc receptor-like B 
               
               
                 FDCSP 
                 ENSG00000181617 
                 Follicular dendritic cell secreted protein 
               
               
                 FETUB 
                 ENSG00000090512 
                 Fetuin B 
               
               
                 FGA 
                 ENSG00000171560 
                 Fibrinogen alpha chain 
               
               
                 FGB 
                 ENSG00000171564 
                 Fibrinogen beta chain 
               
               
                 FGF10 
                 ENSG00000070193 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 10 
               
               
                 FGF17 
                 ENSG00000158815 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 17 
               
               
                 FGF18 
                 ENSG00000156427 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 18 
               
               
                 FGF19 
                 ENSG00000162344 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 19 
               
               
                 FGF21 
                 ENSG00000105550 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 21 
               
               
                 FGF22 
                 ENSG00000070388 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 22 
               
               
                 FGF23 
                 ENSG00000118972 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 23 
               
               
                 FGF3 
                 ENSG00000186895 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 3 
               
               
                 FGF4 
                 ENSG00000075388 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 4 
               
               
                 FGF5 
                 ENSG00000138675 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 5 
               
               
                 FGF7 
                 ENSG00000140285 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 7 
               
               
                 FGF8 
                 ENSG00000107831 
                 Fibroblast growth factor 8 (androgen-induced) 
               
               
                 FGFBP1 
                 ENSG00000137440 
                 Fibroblast growth factor binding protein 1 
               
               
                 FGFBP2 
                 ENSG00000137441 
                 Fibroblast growth factor binding protein 2 
               
               
                 FGFBP3 
                 ENSG00000174721 
                 Fibroblast growth factor binding protein 3 
               
               
                 FGFR1 
                 ENSG00000077782 
                 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 
               
               
                 FGFR2 
                 ENSG00000066468 
                 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 
               
               
                 FGFR3 
                 ENSG00000068078 
                 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 
               
               
                 FGFR4 
                 ENSG00000160867 
                 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 
               
               
                 FGFRL1 
                 ENSG00000127418 
                 Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 FGG 
                 ENSG00000171557 
                 Fibrinogen gamma chain 
               
               
                 FGL1 
                 ENSG00000104760 
                 Fibrinogen-like 1 
               
               
                 FGL2 
                 ENSG00000127951 
                 Fibrinogen-like 2 
               
               
                 FHL1 
                 ENSG00000022267 
                 Four and a half LIM domains 1 
               
               
                 FHOD3 
                 ENSG00000134775 
                 Formin homology 2 domain containing 3 
               
               
                 FIBIN 
                 ENSG00000176971 
                 Fin bud initiation factor homolog (zebrafish) 
               
               
                 FICD 
                 ENSG00000198855 
                 FIC domain containing 
               
               
                 FIGF 
                 ENSG00000165197 
                 C-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D) 
               
               
                 FJX1 
                 ENSG00000179431 
                 Four jointed box 1 
               
               
                 FKBP10 
                 ENSG00000141756 
                 FK506 binding protein 10, 65 kDa 
               
               
                 FKBP11 
                 ENSG00000134285 
                 FK506 binding protein 11, 19 kDa 
               
               
                 FKBP14 
                 ENSG00000106080 
                 FK506 binding protein 14, 22 kDa 
               
               
                 FKBP2 
                 ENSG00000173486 
                 FK506 binding protein 2, 13 kDa 
               
               
                 FKBP7 
                 ENSG00000079150 
                 FK506 binding protein 7 
               
               
                 FKBP9 
                 ENSG00000122642 
                 FK506 binding protein 9, 63 kDa 
               
               
                 FLT1 
                 ENSG00000102755 
                 Fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 
               
               
                 FLT4 
                 ENSG00000037280 
                 Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 
               
               
                 FM01 
                 ENSG00000010932 
                 Flavin containing monooxygenase 1 
               
               
                 FM02 
                 ENSG00000094963 
                 Flavin containing monooxygenase 2 (non-functional) 
               
               
                 FM03 
                 ENSG00000007933 
                 Flavin containing monooxygenase 3 
               
               
                 FM05 
                 ENSG00000131781 
                 Flavin containing monooxygenase 5 
               
               
                 FMOD 
                 ENSG00000122176 
                 Fibromodulin 
               
               
                 FN1 
                 ENSG00000115414 
                 Fibronectin 1 
               
               
                 FNDC1 
                 ENSG00000164694 
                 Fibronectin type III domain containing 1 
               
               
                 FNDC7 
                 ENSG00000143107 
                 Fibronectin type III domain containing 7 
               
               
                 FOCAD 
                 ENSG00000188352 
                 Focadhesin 
               
               
                 FOLR2 
                 ENSG00000165457 
                 Folate receptor 2 (fetal) 
               
               
                 FOLR3 
                 ENSG00000110203 
                 Folate receptor 3 (gamma) 
               
               
                 FOXRED2 
                 ENSG00000100350 
                 FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 2 
               
               
                 FP325331.1 
                 ENSG00000278881 
                 Uncharacterized protein UNQ6126/PR020091 
               
               
                 FPGS 
                 ENSG00000136877 
                 Folylpolyglutamate synthase 
               
               
                 FRAS1 
                 ENSG00000138759 
                 Fraser extracellular matrix complex subunit 1 
               
               
                 FREM1 
                 ENSG00000164946 
                 FRAS1 related extracellular matrix 1 
               
               
                 FREM3 
                 ENSG00000183090 
                 FRAS1 related extracellular matrix 3 
               
               
                 FRMPD2 
                 ENSG00000170324 
                 FERM and PDZ domain containing 2 
               
               
                 FRZB 
                 ENSG00000162998 
                 Frizzled-related protein 
               
               
                 FSHB 
                 ENSG00000131808 
                 Follicle stimulating hormone, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 FSHR 
                 ENSG00000170820 
                 Follicle stimulating hormone receptor 
               
               
                 FST 
                 ENSG00000134363 
                 Follistatin 
               
               
                 FSTL1 
                 ENSG00000163430 
                 Follistatin-like 1 
               
               
                 FSTL3 
                 ENSG00000070404 
                 Follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein) 
               
               
                 FSTL4 
                 ENSG00000053108 
                 Follistatin-like 4 
               
               
                 FSTL5 
                 ENSG00000168843 
                 Follistatin-like 5 
               
               
                 FTCDNL1 
                 ENSG00000226124 
                 Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase N-terminal like 
               
               
                 FUCA1 
                 ENSG00000179163 
                 Fucosidase, alpha-L- 1, tissue 
               
               
                 FUCA2 
                 ENSG00000001036 
                 Fucosidase, alpha-L- 2, plasma 
               
               
                 FURIN 
                 ENSG00000140564 
                 Furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) 
               
               
                 FUT10 
                 ENSG00000172728 
                 Fucosyltransferase 10 (alpha (1,3) fucosyltransferase) 
               
               
                 FUT11 
                 ENSG00000196968 
                 Fucosyltransferase 11 (alpha (1,3) fucosyltransferase) 
               
               
                 FXN 
                 ENSG00000165060 
                 Frataxin 
               
               
                 FXR1 
                 ENSG00000114416 
                 Fragile X mental retardation, autosomal homolog 1 
               
               
                 FXYD3 
                 ENSG00000089356 
                 FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 3 
               
               
                 GABBR1 
                 ENSG00000204681 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1 
               
               
                 GABRA1 
                 ENSG00000022355 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 1 
               
               
                 GABRA2 
                 ENSG00000151834 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 2 
               
               
                 GABRA5 
                 ENSG00000186297 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 5 
               
               
                 GABRG3 
                 ENSG00000182256 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, gamma 3 
               
               
                 GABRP 
                 ENSG00000094755 
                 Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, pi 
               
               
                 GAL 
                 ENSG00000069482 
                 Galanin/GMAP prepropeptide 
               
               
                 GAL3ST1 
                 ENSG00000128242 
                 Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 GAL3ST2 
                 ENSG00000154252 
                 Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 2 
               
               
                 GAL3ST3 
                 ENSG00000175229 
                 Galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 3 
               
               
                 GALC 
                 ENSG00000054983 
                 Galactosylceramidase 
               
               
                 GALNS 
                 ENSG00000141012 
                 Galactosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase 
               
               
                 GALNT10 
                 ENSG00000164574 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 10 
               
               
                 GALNT12 
                 ENSG00000119514 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 12 
               
               
                 GALNT15 
                 ENSG00000131386 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 15 
               
               
                 GALNT2 
                 ENSG00000143641 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 GALNT6 
                 ENSG00000139629 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6 
               
               
                 GALNT8 
                 ENSG00000130035 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 8 
               
               
                 GALNTL6 
                 ENSG00000174473 
                 Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-like 6 
               
               
                 GALP 
                 ENSG00000197487 
                 Galanin-like peptide 
               
               
                 GANAB 
                 ENSG00000089597 
                 Glucosidase, alpha; neutral AB 
               
               
                 GARS 
                 ENSG00000106105 
                 Glycyl-tRNA synthetase 
               
               
                 GAS1 
                 ENSG00000180447 
                 Growth arrest-specific 1 
               
               
                 GAS6 
                 ENSG00000183087 
                 Growth arrest-specific 6 
               
               
                 GAST 
                 ENSG00000184502 
                 Gastrin 
               
               
                 GBA 
                 ENSG00000177628 
                 Glucosidase, beta, acid 
               
               
                 GBGT1 
                 ENSG00000148288 
                 Globoside alpha-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 GC 
                 ENSG00000145321 
                 Group-specific component (vitamin D binding protein) 
               
               
                 GCG 
                 ENSG00000115263 
                 Glucagon 
               
               
                 GCGR 
                 ENSG00000215644 
                 Glucagon receptor 
               
               
                 GCNT7 
                 ENSG00000124091 
                 Glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase family member 7 
               
               
                 GCSH 
                 ENSG00000140905 
                 Glycine cleavage system protein H (aminomethyl carrier) 
               
               
                 GDF1 
                 ENSG00000130283 
                 Growth differentiation factor 1 
               
               
                 GDF10 
                 ENSG00000266524 
                 Growth differentiation factor 10 
               
               
                 GDF11 
                 ENSG00000135414 
                 Growth differentiation factor 11 
               
               
                 GDF15 
                 ENSG00000130513 
                 Growth differentiation factor 15 
               
               
                 GDF2 
                 ENSG00000263761 
                 Growth differentiation factor 2 
               
               
                 GDF3 
                 ENSG00000184344 
                 Growth differentiation factor 3 
               
               
                 GDF5 
                 ENSG00000125965 
                 Growth differentiation factor 5 
               
               
                 GDF6 
                 ENSG00000156466 
                 Growth differentiation factor 6 
               
               
                 GDF7 
                 ENSG00000143869 
                 Growth differentiation factor 7 
               
               
                 GDF9 
                 ENSG00000164404 
                 Growth differentiation factor 9 
               
               
                 GDNF 
                 ENSG00000168621 
                 Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 GFOD2 
                 ENSG00000141098 
                 Glucose-fructose oxidoreductase domain containing 2 
               
               
                 GFPT2 
                 ENSG00000131459 
                 Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 
               
               
                 GFRA2 
                 ENSG00000168546 
                 GDNF family receptor alpha 2 
               
               
                 GFRA4 
                 ENSG00000125861 
                 GDNF family receptor alpha 4 
               
               
                 GGA2 
                 ENSG00000103365 
                 Golgi-associated, gamma adaptin ear containing, ARF binding 
               
               
                   
                   
                 protein 2 
               
               
                 GGH 
                 ENSG00000137563 
                 Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (conjugase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 folylpolygammaglutamyl hydrolase) 
               
               
                 GGT1 
                 ENSG00000100031 
                 Gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 GGT5 
                 ENSG00000099998 
                 Gamma-glutamyltransferase 5 
               
               
                 GH1 
                 ENSG00000259384 
                 Growth hormone 1 
               
               
                 GH2 
                 ENSG00000136487 
                 Growth hormone 2 
               
               
                 GHDC 
                 ENSG00000167925 
                 GH3 domain containing 
               
               
                 GHRH 
                 ENSG00000118702 
                 Growth hormone releasing hormone 
               
               
                 GHRHR 
                 ENSG00000106128 
                 Growth hormone releasing hormone receptor 
               
               
                 GHRL 
                 ENSG00000157017 
                 Ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide 
               
               
                 GIF 
                 ENSG00000134812 
                 Gastric intrinsic factor (vitamin B synthesis) 
               
               
                 GIP 
                 ENSG00000159224 
                 Gastric inhibitory polypeptide 
               
               
                 GKN1 
                 ENSG00000169605 
                 Gastrokine 1 
               
               
                 GKN2 
                 ENSG00000183607 
                 Gastrokine 2 
               
               
                 GLA 
                 ENSG00000102393 
                 Galactosidase, alpha 
               
               
                 GLB1 
                 ENSG00000170266 
                 Galactosidase, beta 1 
               
               
                 GLB1L 
                 ENSG00000163521 
                 Galactosidase, beta 1-like 
               
               
                 GLB1L2 
                 ENSG00000149328 
                 Galactosidase, beta 1-like 2 
               
               
                 GLCE 
                 ENSG00000138604 
                 Glucuronic acid epimerase 
               
               
                 GLG1 
                 ENSG00000090863 
                 Golgi glycoprotein 1 
               
               
                 GLIPR1 
                 ENSG00000139278 
                 GLI pathogenesis-related 1 
               
               
                 GLIPR1L1 
                 ENSG00000173401 
                 GLI pathogenesis-related 1 like 1 
               
               
                 GLIS3 
                 ENSG00000107249 
                 GUS family zinc finger 3 
               
               
                 GLMP 
                 ENSG00000198715 
                 Glycosylated lysosomal membrane protein 
               
               
                 GLRB 
                 ENSG00000109738 
                 Glycine receptor, beta 
               
               
                 GLS 
                 ENSG00000115419 
                 Glutaminase 
               
               
                 GLT6D1 
                 ENSG00000204007 
                 Glycosyltransferase 6 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 GLTPD2 
                 ENSG00000182327 
                 Glycolipid transfer protein domain containing 2 
               
               
                 GLUD1 
                 ENSG00000148672 
                 Glutamate dehydrogenase 1 
               
               
                 GM2A 
                 ENSG00000196743 
                 GM2 ganglioside activator 
               
               
                 GML 
                 ENSG00000104499 
                 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored molecule like 
               
               
                 GNAS 
                 ENSG00000087460 
                 GNAS complex locus 
               
               
                 GNLY 
                 ENSG00000115523 
                 Granulysin 
               
               
                 GNPTG 
                 ENSG00000090581 
                 N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase, gamma subunit 
               
               
                 GNRH1 
                 ENSG00000147437 
                 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 (luteinizing-releasing 
               
               
                   
                   
                 hormone) 
               
               
                 GNRH2 
                 ENSG00000125787 
                 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 
               
               
                 GNS 
                 ENSG00000135677 
                 Glucosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase 
               
               
                 GOLM1 
                 ENSG00000135052 
                 Golgi membrane protein 1 
               
               
                 GORAB 
                 ENSG00000120370 
                 Golgin, RAB6-interacting 
               
               
                 GOT2 
                 ENSG00000125166 
                 Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 2, mitochondrial 
               
               
                 GP2 
                 ENSG00000169347 
                 Glycoprotein 2 (zymogen granule membrane) 
               
               
                 GP6 
                 ENSG00000088053 
                 Glycoprotein VI (platelet) 
               
               
                 GPC2 
                 ENSG00000213420 
                 Glypican 2 
               
               
                 GPC5 
                 ENSG00000179399 
                 Glypican 5 
               
               
                 GPC6 
                 ENSG00000183098 
                 Glypican 6 
               
               
                 GPD2 
                 ENSG00000115159 
                 Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (mitochondrial) 
               
               
                 GPER1 
                 ENSG00000164850 
                 G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 
               
               
                 GPHA2 
                 ENSG00000149735 
                 Glycoprotein hormone alpha 2 
               
               
                 GPHB5 
                 ENSG00000179600 
                 Glycoprotein hormone beta 5 
               
               
                 GPIHBP1 
                 ENSG00000277494 
                 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored high density lipoprotein 
               
               
                   
                   
                 binding protein 1 
               
               
                 GPLD1 
                 ENSG00000112293 
                 Glycosylphosphatidylinositol specific phospholipase D1 
               
               
                 GPNMB 
                 ENSG00000136235 
                 Glycoprotein (transmembrane) nmb 
               
               
                 GPR162 
                 ENSG00000250510 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 162 
               
               
                 GPX3 
                 ENSG00000211445 
                 Glutathione peroxidase 3 
               
               
                 GPX4 
                 ENSG00000167468 
                 Glutathione peroxidase 4 
               
               
                 GPX5 
                 ENSG00000224586 
                 Glutathione peroxidase 5 
               
               
                 GPX6 
                 ENSG00000198704 
                 Glutathione peroxidase 6 
               
               
                 GPX7 
                 ENSG00000116157 
                 Glutathione peroxidase 7 
               
               
                 GREM1 
                 ENSG00000166923 
                 Gremlin 1, DAN family BMP antagonist 
               
               
                 GREM2 
                 ENSG00000180875 
                 Gremlin 2, DAN family BMP antagonist 
               
               
                 GRHL3 
                 ENSG00000158055 
                 Grainyhead-like transcription factor 3 
               
               
                 GRIA2 
                 ENSG00000120251 
                 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2 
               
               
                 GRIA3 
                 ENSG00000125675 
                 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 3 
               
               
                 GRIA4 
                 ENSG00000152578 
                 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 4 
               
               
                 GRIK2 
                 ENSG00000164418 
                 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 2 
               
               
                 GRIN2B 
                 ENSG00000273079 
                 Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2B 
               
               
                 GRM2 
                 ENSG00000164082 
                 Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 2 
               
               
                 GRM3 
                 ENSG00000198822 
                 Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 3 
               
               
                 GRM5 
                 ENSG00000168959 
                 Glutamate receptor, metabotropic 5 
               
               
                 GRN 
                 ENSG00000030582 
                 Granulin 
               
               
                 GRP 
                 ENSG00000134443 
                 Gastrin-releasing peptide 
               
               
                 GSG1 
                 ENSG00000111305 
                 Germ cell associated 1 
               
               
                 GSN 
                 ENSG00000148180 
                 Gelsolin 
               
               
                 GTDC1 
                 ENSG00000121964 
                 Glycosyltransferase-like domain containing 1 
               
               
                 GTPBP10 
                 ENSG00000105793 
                 GTP-binding protein 10 (putative) 
               
               
                 GUCA2A 
                 ENSG00000197273 
                 Guanylate cyclase activator 2A (guanylin) 
               
               
                 GUCA2B 
                 ENSG00000044012 
                 Guanylate cyclase activator 2B (uroguanylin) 
               
               
                 GUSB 
                 ENSG00000169919 
                 Glucuronidase, beta 
               
               
                 GVQW1 
                 ENSG00000241043 
                 GVQW motif containing 1 
               
               
                 GXYLT1 
                 ENSG00000151233 
                 Glucoside xylosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 GXYLT2 
                 ENSG00000172986 
                 Glucoside xylosyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 GYLTL1B 
                 ENSG00000165905 
                 Glycosyltransferase-like 1B 
               
               
                 GYPB 
                 ENSG00000250361 
                 Glycophorin B (MNS blood group) 
               
               
                 GZMA 
                 ENSG00000145649 
                 Granzyme A (granzyme 1, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated 
               
               
                   
                   
                 serine esterase 3) 
               
               
                 GZMB 
                 ENSG00000100453 
                 Granzyme B (granzyme 2, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated 
               
               
                   
                   
                 serine esterase 1) 
               
               
                 GZMH 
                 ENSG00000100450 
                 Granzyme H (cathepsin G-like 2, protein h-CCPX) 
               
               
                 GZMK 
                 ENSG00000113088 
                 Granzyme K (granzyme 3; tryptase II) 
               
               
                 GZMIM 
                 ENSG00000197540 
                 Granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1) 
               
               
                 H6PD 
                 ENSG00000049239 
                 Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (glucose 1-dehydrogenase) 
               
               
                 HABP2 
                 ENSG00000148702 
                 Hyaluronan binding protein 2 
               
               
                 HADHB 
                 ENSG00000138029 
                 Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase/3-ketoacyl-CoA 
               
               
                   
                   
                 thiolase/enoyl-CoA hydratase (trifunctional protein), beta 
               
               
                   
                   
                 subunit 
               
               
                 HAMP 
                 ENSG00000105697 
                 Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide 
               
               
                 HAPLN1 
                 ENSG00000145681 
                 Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 
               
               
                 HAPLN2 
                 ENSG00000132702 
                 Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2 
               
               
                 HAPLN3 
                 ENSG00000140511 
                 Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3 
               
               
                 HAPLN4 
                 ENSG00000187664 
                 Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 4 
               
               
                 HARS2 
                 ENSG00000112855 
                 Histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial 
               
               
                 HAVCR1 
                 ENSG00000113249 
                 Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 
               
               
                 HCCS 
                 ENSG00000004961 
                 Holocytochrome c synthase 
               
               
                 HCRT 
                 ENSG00000161610 
                 Hypocretin (orexin) neuropeptide precursor 
               
               
                 HEATR5A 
                 ENSG00000129493 
                 HEAT repeat containing 5A 
               
               
                 HEPH 
                 ENSG00000089472 
                 Hephaestin 
               
               
                 HEXA 
                 ENSG00000213614 
                 Hexosaminidase A (alpha polypeptide) 
               
               
                 HEXB 
                 ENSG00000049860 
                 Hexosaminidase B (beta polypeptide) 
               
               
                 HFE2 
                 ENSG00000168509 
                 Hemochromatosis type 2 (juvenile) 
               
               
                 HGF 
                 ENSG00000019991 
                 Hepatocyte growth factor (hepapoietin A; scatter factor) 
               
               
                 HGFAC 
                 ENSG00000109758 
                 HGF activator 
               
               
                 HHIP 
                 ENSG00000164161 
                 Hedgehog interacting protein 
               
               
                 HHIPL1 
                 ENSG00000182218 
                 HHIP-like 1 
               
               
                 HHIPL2 
                 ENSG00000143512 
                 HHIP-like 2 
               
               
                 HHLA1 
                 ENSG00000132297 
                 HERV-H LTR-associating 1 
               
               
                 HHLA2 
                 ENSG00000114455 
                 HERV-H LTR-associating 2 
               
               
                 HIBADH 
                 ENSG00000106049 
                 3-hydroxyisobutyrate dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 HINT2 
                 ENSG00000137133 
                 Histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 2 
               
               
                 HLA-A 
                 ENSG00000206503 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class I, A 
               
               
                 HLA-C 
                 ENSG00000204525 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class I, C 
               
               
                 HLA-DOA 
                 ENSG00000204252 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DO alpha 
               
               
                 HLA-DPA1 
                 ENSG00000231389 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP alpha 1 
               
               
                 HLA-DQA1 
                 ENSG00000196735 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 
               
               
                 HLA-DQB1 
                 ENSG00000179344 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 1 
               
               
                 HLA-DQB2 
                 ENSG00000232629 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ beta 2 
               
               
                 HMCN1 
                 ENSG00000143341 
                 Hemicentin 1 
               
               
                 HMCN2 
                 ENSG00000148357 
                 Hemicentin 2 
               
               
                 HMGCL 
                 ENSG00000117305 
                 3-hydroxymethy1-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase 
               
               
                 HMHAl 
                 ENSG00000180448 
                 Histocompatibility (minor) HA-1 
               
               
                 HMSD 
                 ENSG00000221887 
                 Histocompatibility (minor) serpin domain containing 
               
               
                 HP 
                 ENSG00000257017 
                 Haptoglobin 
               
               
                 HPR 
                 ENSG00000261701 
                 Haptoglobin-related protein 
               
               
                 HPSE 
                 ENSG00000173083 
                 Heparanase 
               
               
                 HPSE2 
                 ENSG00000172987 
                 Heparanase 2 (inactive) 
               
               
                 HPX 
                 ENSG00000110169 
                 Hemopexin 
               
               
                 HRC 
                 ENSG00000130528 
                 Histidine rich calcium binding protein 
               
               
                 HRG 
                 ENSG00000113905 
                 Histidine-rich glycoprotein 
               
               
                 HRSP12 
                 ENSG00000132541 
                 Heat-responsive protein 12 
               
               
                 HS25T1 
                 ENSG00000153936 
                 Heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 HS3ST1 
                 ENSG00000002587 
                 Heparan sulfate (glucosamine) 3-O-sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 HS65T1 
                 ENSG00000136720 
                 Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 HS65T3 
                 ENSG00000185352 
                 Heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 3 
               
               
                 HSD11B1L 
                 ENSG00000167733 
                 Hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 1-like 
               
               
                 HSD17B11 
                 ENSG00000198189 
                 Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 11 
               
               
                 HSD17B7 
                 ENSG00000132196 
                 Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 7 
               
               
                 HSP90B1 
                 ENSG00000166598 
                 Heat shock protein 90 kDa beta (Grp94), member 1 
               
               
                 HSPA13 
                 ENSG00000155304 
                 Heat shock protein 70 kDa family, member 13 
               
               
                 HSPA5 
                 ENSG00000044574 
                 Heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78 kDa) 
               
               
                 HSPG2 
                 ENSG00000142798 
                 Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 
               
               
                 HTATIP2 
                 ENSG00000109854 
                 HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2, 30 kDa 
               
               
                 HTN1 
                 ENSG00000126550 
                 Histatin 1 
               
               
                 HTN3 
                 ENSG00000205649 
                 Histatin 3 
               
               
                 HTRA1 
                 ENSG00000166033 
                 HtrA serine peptidase 1 
               
               
                 HTRA3 
                 ENSG00000170801 
                 HtrA serine peptidase 3 
               
               
                 HTRA4 
                 ENSG00000169495 
                 HtrA serine peptidase 4 
               
               
                 HYAL1 
                 ENSG00000114378 
                 Hyaluronoglucosaminidase 1 
               
               
                 HYAL2 
                 ENSG00000068001 
                 Hyaluronoglucosaminidase 2 
               
               
                 HYAL3 
                 ENSG00000186792 
                 Hyaluronoglucosaminidase 3 
               
               
                 HYOU1 
                 ENSG00000149428 
                 Hypoxia up-regulated 1 
               
               
                 IAPP 
                 ENSG00000121351 
                 Islet amyloid polypeptide 
               
               
                 TBSP 
                 ENSG00000029559 
                 Integrin-binding sialoprotein 
               
               
                 ICAM1 
                 ENSG00000090339 
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 
               
               
                 ICAM2 
                 ENSG00000108622 
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 
               
               
                 ICAM4 
                 ENSG00000105371 
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 4 (Landsteiner-Wiener blood 
               
               
                   
                   
                 group) 
               
               
                 ID1 
                 ENSG00000125968 
                 Inhibitor of DNA binding 1, dominant negative helix-loop-helix 
               
               
                   
                   
                 protein 
               
               
                 IDE 
                 ENSG00000119912 
                 Insulin-degrading enzyme 
               
               
                 IDNK 
                 ENSG00000148057 
                 IdnK, gluconokinase homolog ( E. coli ) 
               
               
                 IDS 
                 ENSG00000010404 
                 Iduronate 2-sulfatase 
               
               
                 IDUA 
                 ENSG00000127415 
                 Iduronidase, alpha-L- 
               
               
                 IFI27L2 
                 ENSG00000119632 
                 Interferon, alpha-inducible protein 27-like 2 
               
               
                 IFI30 
                 ENSG00000216490 
                 Interferon, gamma-inducible protein 30 
               
               
                 IFNA1 
                 ENSG00000197919 
                 Interferon, alpha 1 
               
               
                 IFNA10 
                 ENSG00000186803 
                 Interferon, alpha 10 
               
               
                 IFNA13 
                 ENSG00000233816 
                 Interferon, alpha 13 
               
               
                 IFNA14 
                 ENSG00000228083 
                 Interferon, alpha 14 
               
               
                 IFNA16 
                 ENSG00000147885 
                 Interferon, alpha 16 
               
               
                 IFNA17 
                 ENSG00000234829 
                 Interferon, alpha 17 
               
               
                 IFNA2 
                 ENSG00000188379 
                 Interferon, alpha 2 
               
               
                 IFNA21 
                 ENSG00000137080 
                 Interferon, alpha 21 
               
               
                 IFNA4 
                 ENSG00000236637 
                 Interferon, alpha 4 
               
               
                 IFNA5 
                 ENSG00000147873 
                 Interferon, alpha 5 
               
               
                 IFNA6 
                 ENSG00000120235 
                 Interferon, alpha 6 
               
               
                 IFNA7 
                 ENSG00000214042 
                 Interferon, alpha 7 
               
               
                 IFNA8 
                 ENSG00000120242 
                 Interferon, alpha 8 
               
               
                 IFNAR1 
                 ENSG00000142166 
                 Interferon (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1 
               
               
                 IFNB1 
                 ENSG00000171855 
                 Interferon, beta 1, fibroblast 
               
               
                 IFNE 
                 ENSG00000184995 
                 Interferon, epsilon 
               
               
                 IFNG 
                 ENSG00000111537 
                 Interferon, gamma 
               
               
                 IFNGR1 
                 ENSG00000027697 
                 Interferon gamma receptor 1 
               
               
                 IFNL1 
                 ENSG00000182393 
                 Interferon, lambda 1 
               
               
                 IFNL2 
                 ENSG00000183709 
                 Interferon, lambda 2 
               
               
                 IFNL3 
                 ENSG00000197110 
                 Interferon, lambda 3 
               
               
                 IFNLR1 
                 ENSG00000185436 
                 Interferon, lambda receptor 1 
               
               
                 IFNW1 
                 ENSG00000177047 
                 Interferon, omega 1 
               
               
                 IGF1 
                 ENSG00000017427 
                 Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) 
               
               
                 IGF2 
                 ENSG00000167244 
                 Insulin-like growth factor 2 
               
               
                 IGFALS 
                 ENSG00000099769 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein, acid labile subunit 
               
               
                 IGFBP1 
                 ENSG00000146678 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 
               
               
                 IGFBP2 
                 ENSG00000115457 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2, 36 kDa 
               
               
                 IGFBP3 
                 ENSG00000146674 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 
               
               
                 IGFBP4 
                 ENSG00000141753 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 4 
               
               
                 IGFBP5 
                 ENSG00000115461 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 
               
               
                 IGFBP6 
                 ENSG00000167779 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 
               
               
                 IGFBP7 
                 ENSG00000163453 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 
               
               
                 IGFBPL1 
                 ENSG00000137142 
                 Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-like 1 
               
               
                 IGFL1 
                 ENSG00000188293 
                 IGF-like family member 1 
               
               
                 IGFL2 
                 ENSG00000204866 
                 IGF-like family member 2 
               
               
                 IGFL3 
                 ENSG00000188624 
                 IGF-like family member 3 
               
               
                 IGFLR1 
                 ENSG00000126246 
                 IGF-like family receptor 1 
               
               
                 IGIP 
                 ENSG00000182700 
                 IgA-inducing protein 
               
               
                 IGLON5 
                 ENSG00000142549 
                 IgLON family member 5 
               
               
                 IGSF1 
                 ENSG00000147255 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 1 
               
               
                 IGSF10 
                 ENSG00000152580 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 10 
               
               
                 IGSF11 
                 ENSG00000144847 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 11 
               
               
                 IGSF21 
                 ENSG00000117154 
                 Immunoglobin superfamily, member 21 
               
               
                 IGSF8 
                 ENSG00000162729 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 8 
               
               
                 IGSF9 
                 ENSG00000085552 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily, member 9 
               
               
                 IHH 
                 ENSG00000163501 
                 Indian hedgehog 
               
               
                 IL10 
                 ENSG00000136634 
                 Interleukin 10 
               
               
                 IL11 
                 ENSG00000095752 
                 Interleukin 11 
               
               
                 IL11RA 
                 ENSG00000137070 
                 Interleukin 11 receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 IL12B 
                 ENSG00000113302 
                 Interleukin 12B 
               
               
                 IL12RB1 
                 ENSG00000096996 
                 Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 1 
               
               
                 IL12RB2 
                 ENSG00000081985 
                 Interleukin 12 receptor, beta 2 
               
               
                 IL13 
                 ENSG00000169194 
                 Interleukin 13 
               
               
                 IL13RA1 
                 ENSG00000131724 
                 Interleukin 13 receptor, alpha 1 
               
               
                 IL15RA 
                 ENSG00000134470 
                 Interleukin 15 receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 IL17A 
                 ENSG00000112115 
                 Interleukin 17A 
               
               
                 IL17B 
                 ENSG00000127743 
                 Interleukin 17B 
               
               
                 IL17C 
                 ENSG00000124391 
                 Interleukin 17C 
               
               
                 IL17D 
                 ENSG00000172458 
                 Interleukin 17D 
               
               
                 IL17F 
                 ENSG00000112116 
                 Interleukin 17F 
               
               
                 IL17RA 
                 ENSG00000177663 
                 Interleukin 17 receptor A 
               
               
                 IL17RC 
                 ENSG00000163702 
                 Interleukin 17 receptor C 
               
               
                 IL17RE 
                 ENSG00000163701 
                 Interleukin 17 receptor E 
               
               
                 IL18BP 
                 ENSG00000137496 
                 Interleukin 18 binding protein 
               
               
                 IL18R1 
                 ENSG00000115604 
                 Interleukin 18 receptor 1 
               
               
                 IL18RAP 
                 ENSG00000115607 
                 Interleukin 18 receptor accessory protein 
               
               
                 IL19 
                 ENSG00000142224 
                 Interleukin 19 
               
               
                 IL1R1 
                 ENSG00000115594 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor, type I 
               
               
                 IL1R2 
                 ENSG00000115590 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor, type II 
               
               
                 IL1RAP 
                 ENSG00000196083 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein 
               
               
                 IL1RL1 
                 ENSG00000115602 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 IL1RL2 
                 ENSG00000115598 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor-like 2 
               
               
                 IL1RN 
                 ENSG00000136689 
                 Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist 
               
               
                 IL2 
                 ENSG00000109471 
                 Interleukin 2 
               
               
                 IL20 
                 ENSG00000162891 
                 Interleukin 20 
               
               
                 IL20RA 
                 ENSG00000016402 
                 Interleukin 20 receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 IL21 
                 ENSG00000138684 
                 Interleukin 21 
               
               
                 IL22 
                 ENSG00000127318 
                 Interleukin 22 
               
               
                 IL22RA2 
                 ENSG00000164485 
                 Interleukin 22 receptor, alpha 2 
               
               
                 IL23A 
                 ENSG00000110944 
                 Interleukin 23, alpha subunit p19 
               
               
                 IL24 
                 ENSG00000162892 
                 Interleukin 24 
               
               
                 IL25 
                 ENSG00000166090 
                 Interleukin 25 
               
               
                 IL26 
                 ENSG00000111536 
                 Interleukin 26 
               
               
                 IL27 
                 ENSG00000197272 
                 Interleukin 27 
               
               
                 IL2RB 
                 ENSG00000100385 
                 Interleukin 2 receptor, beta 
               
               
                 IL3 
                 ENSG00000164399 
                 Interleukin 3 
               
               
                 IL31 
                 ENSG00000204671 
                 Interleukin 31 
               
               
                 IL31RA 
                 ENSG00000164509 
                 Interleukin 31 receptor A 
               
               
                 IL32 
                 ENSG00000008517 
                 Interleukin 32 
               
               
                 IL34 
                 ENSG00000157368 
                 Interleukin 34 
               
               
                 IL3RA 
                 ENSG00000185291 
                 Interleukin 3 receptor, alpha (low affinity) 
               
               
                 IL4 
                 ENSG00000113520 
                 Interleukin 4 
               
               
                 IL4I1 
                 ENSG00000104951 
                 Interleukin 4 induced 1 
               
               
                 IL4R 
                 ENSG00000077238 
                 Interleukin 4 receptor 
               
               
                 IL5 
                 ENSG00000113525 
                 Interleukin 5 
               
               
                 IL5RA 
                 ENSG00000091181 
                 Interleukin 5 receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 IL6 
                 ENSG00000136244 
                 Interleukin 6 
               
               
                 IL6R 
                 ENSG00000160712 
                 Interleukin 6 receptor 
               
               
                 IL6ST 
                 ENSG00000134352 
                 Interleukin 6 signal transducer 
               
               
                 IL7 
                 ENSG00000104432 
                 Interleukin 7 
               
               
                 IL7R 
                 ENSG00000168685 
                 Interleukin 7 receptor 
               
               
                 IL9 
                 ENSG00000145839 
                 Interleukin 9 
               
               
                 ILDR1 
                 ENSG00000145103 
                 Immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 1 
               
               
                 ILDR2 
                 ENSG00000143195 
                 Immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 2 
               
               
                 IMP4 
                 ENSG00000136718 
                 IMP4, U3 small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein 
               
               
                 IMPG1 
                 ENSG00000112706 
                 Interphotoreceptor matrix proteoglycan 1 
               
               
                 INHA 
                 ENSG00000123999 
                 Inhibin, alpha 
               
               
                 INHBA 
                 ENSG00000122641 
                 Inhibin, beta A 
               
               
                 INHBB 
                 ENSG00000163083 
                 Inhibin, beta B 
               
               
                 INHBC 
                 ENSG00000175189 
                 Inhibin, beta C 
               
               
                 INHBE 
                 ENSG00000139269 
                 Inhibin, beta E 
               
               
                 INPP5A 
                 ENSG00000068383 
                 Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase A 
               
               
                 INS 
                 ENSG00000254647 
                 Insulin 
               
               
                 INS-IGF2 
                 ENSG00000129965 
                 INS-IGF2 readthrough 
               
               
                 INSL3 
                 ENSG00000248099 
                 Insulin-like 3 (Leydig cell) 
               
               
                 INSL4 
                 ENSG00000120211 
                 Insulin-like 4 (placenta) 
               
               
                 INSL5 
                 ENSG00000172410 
                 Insulin-like 5 
               
               
                 INSL6 
                 ENSG00000120210 
                 Insulin-like 6 
               
               
                 INTS3 
                 ENSG00000143624 
                 Integrator complex subunit 3 
               
               
                 IP011 
                 ENSG00000086200 
                 Importin 11 
               
               
                 IP09 
                 ENSG00000198700 
                 Importin 9 
               
               
                 IQCF6 
                 ENSG00000214686 
                 IQ motif containing F6 
               
               
                 IRAK3 
                 ENSG00000090376 
                 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 
               
               
                 IRS4 
                 ENSG00000133124 
                 Insulin receptor substrate 4 
               
               
                 ISLR 
                 ENSG00000129009 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat 
               
               
                 ISLR2 
                 ENSG00000167178 
                 Immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat 2 
               
               
                 ISM1 
                 ENSG00000101230 
                 Isthmin 1, angiogenesis inhibitor 
               
               
                 ISM2 
                 ENSG00000100593 
                 Isthmin 2 
               
               
                 ITGA4 
                 ENSG00000115232 
                 Integrin, alpha 4 (antigen CD49D, alpha 4 subunit of VLA-4 
               
               
                   
                   
                 receptor) 
               
               
                 ITGA9 
                 ENSG00000144668 
                 Integrin, alpha 9 
               
               
                 ITGAL 
                 ENSG00000005844 
                 Integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide) 
               
               
                 ITGAX 
                 ENSG00000140678 
                 Integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) 
               
               
                 ITGB1 
                 ENSG00000150093 
                 Integrin, beta 1 (fibronectin receptor, beta polypeptide, antigen 
               
               
                   
                   
                 CD29 includes MDF2, MSK12) 
               
               
                 ITGB2 
                 ENSG00000160255 
                 Integrin, beta 2 (complement component 3 receptor 3 and 4 
               
               
                   
                   
                 subunit) 
               
               
                 ITGB3 
                 ENSG00000259207 
                 Integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61) 
               
               
                 ITGB7 
                 ENSG00000139626 
                 Integrin, beta 7 
               
               
                 ITGBL1 
                 ENSG00000198542 
                 Integrin, beta-like 1 (with EGF-like repeat domains) 
               
               
                 ITIH1 
                 ENSG00000055957 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 1 
               
               
                 ITIH2 
                 ENSG00000151655 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 2 
               
               
                 ITIH3 
                 ENSG00000162267 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 3 
               
               
                 ITIH4 
                 ENSG00000055955 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family, member 4 
               
               
                 ITIH5 
                 ENSG00000123243 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family, member 5 
               
               
                 ITIH6 
                 ENSG00000102313 
                 Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain family, member 6 
               
               
                 ITLN1 
                 ENSG00000179914 
                 Intelectin 1 (galactofuranose binding) 
               
               
                 ITLN2 
                 ENSG00000158764 
                 Intelectin 2 
               
               
                 IZUMO1R 
                 ENSG00000183560 
                 IZUMO1 receptor, JUNO 
               
               
                 IZUMO4 
                 ENSG00000099840 
                 IZUMO family member 4 
               
               
                 JCHAIN 
                 ENSG00000132465 
                 Joining chain of multimeric IgA and IgM 
               
               
                 JMJD8 
                 ENSG00000161999 
                 Jumonji domain containing 8 
               
               
                 JSRP1 
                 ENSG00000167476 
                 Junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum protein 1 
               
               
                 KANSL2 
                 ENSG00000139620 
                 KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 2 
               
               
                 KAZALD1 
                 ENSG00000107821 
                 Kazal-type serine peptidase inhibitor domain 1 
               
               
                 KCNIP3 
                 ENSG00000115041 
                 Kv channel interacting protein 3, calsenilin 
               
               
                 KCNK7 
                 ENSG00000173338 
                 Potassium channel, two pore domain subfamily K, member 7 
               
               
                 KCNN4 
                 ENSG00000104783 
                 Potassium channel, calcium activated intermediate/small 
               
               
                   
                   
                 conductance subfamily N alpha, member 4 
               
               
                 KCNU1 
                 ENSG00000215262 
                 Potassium channel, subfamily U, member 1 
               
               
                 KCP 
                 ENSG00000135253 
                 Kielin/chordin-like protein 
               
               
                 KDELC1 
                 ENSG00000134901 
                 KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) containing 1 
               
               
                 KDELC2 
                 ENSG00000178202 
                 KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) containing 2 
               
               
                 KDM1A 
                 ENSG00000004487 
                 Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 1A 
               
               
                 KDM3B 
                 ENSG00000120733 
                 Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 3B 
               
               
                 KDM6A 
                 ENSG00000147050 
                 Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A 
               
               
                 KDM7A 
                 ENSG00000006459 
                 Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 7A 
               
               
                 KDSR 
                 ENSG00000119537 
                 3-ketodihydrosphingosine reductase 
               
               
                 KERA 
                 ENSG00000139330 
                 Keratocan 
               
               
                 KIAA0100 
                 ENSG00000007202 
                 KIAA0100 
               
               
                 KIAA0319 
                 ENSG00000137261 
                 KIAA0319 
               
               
                 KIAA1324 
                 ENSG00000116299 
                 KIAA1324 
               
               
                 KIFC2 
                 ENSG00000167702 
                 Kinesin family member C2 
               
               
                 KIR2DL4 
                 ENSG00000189013 
                 Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two domains, long 
               
               
                   
                   
                 cytoplasmic tail, 4 
               
               
                 KIR3DX1 
                 ENSG00000104970 
                 Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three domains, X1 
               
               
                 KIRREL2 
                 ENSG00000126259 
                 Kin of IRRE like 2 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 KISS1 
                 ENSG00000170498 
                 KiSS-1 metastasis-suppressor 
               
               
                 KLHL11 
                 ENSG00000178502 
                 Kelch-like family member 11 
               
               
                 KLHL22 
                 ENSG00000099910 
                 Kelch-like family member 22 
               
               
                 KLK1 
                 ENSG00000167748 
                 Kallikrein 1 
               
               
                 KLK10 
                 ENSG00000129451 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 10 
               
               
                 KLK11 
                 ENSG00000167757 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 11 
               
               
                 KLK12 
                 ENSG00000186474 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 12 
               
               
                 KLK13 
                 ENSG00000167759 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 13 
               
               
                 KLK14 
                 ENSG00000129437 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 14 
               
               
                 KLK15 
                 ENSG00000174562 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 15 
               
               
                 KLK2 
                 ENSG00000167751 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 2 
               
               
                 KLK3 
                 ENSG00000142515 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 3 
               
               
                 KLK4 
                 ENSG00000167749 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 
               
               
                 KLK5 
                 ENSG00000167754 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 
               
               
                 KLK6 
                 ENSG00000167755 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 
               
               
                 KLK7 
                 ENSG00000169035 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 7 
               
               
                 KLK8 
                 ENSG00000129455 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 8 
               
               
                 KLK9 
                 ENSG00000213022 
                 Kallikrein-related peptidase 9 
               
               
                 KLKB1 
                 ENSG00000164344 
                 Kallikrein B, plasma (Fletcher factor) 1 
               
               
                 KNDC1 
                 ENSG00000171798 
                 Kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain (KIND) containing 1 
               
               
                 KNG1 
                 ENSG00000113889 
                 Kininogen 1 
               
               
                 KRBA2 
                 ENSG00000184619 
                 KRAB-A domain containing 2 
               
               
                 KREMEN2 
                 ENSG00000131650 
                 Kringle containing transmembrane protein 2 
               
               
                 KRTDAP 
                 ENSG00000188508 
                 Keratinocyte differentiation-associated protein 
               
               
                 L1CAM 
                 ENSG00000198910 
                 L1 cell adhesion molecule 
               
               
                 L3MBTL2 
                 ENSG00000100395 
                 L(3)mbt-like 2 (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 LA16c-380H5.3 
                 ENSG00000270168 
                   
               
               
                 LACE1 
                 ENSG00000135537 
                 Lactation elevated 1 
               
               
                 LACRT 
                 ENSG00000135413 
                 Lacritin 
               
               
                 LACTB 
                 ENSG00000103642 
                 Lactamase, beta 
               
               
                 LAG3 
                 ENSG00000089692 
                 Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 
               
               
                 LAIR2 
                 ENSG00000167618 
                 Leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 2 
               
               
                 LALBA 
                 ENSG00000167531 
                 Lactalbumin, alpha- 
               
               
                 LAMA1 
                 ENSG00000101680 
                 Laminin, alpha 1 
               
               
                 LAMA2 
                 ENSG00000196569 
                 Laminin, alpha 2 
               
               
                 LAMA3 
                 ENSG00000053747 
                 Laminin, alpha 3 
               
               
                 LAMA4 
                 ENSG00000112769 
                 Laminin, alpha 4 
               
               
                 LAMA5 
                 ENSG00000130702 
                 Laminin, alpha 5 
               
               
                 LAMB1 
                 ENSG00000091136 
                 Laminin, beta 1 
               
               
                 LAMB2 
                 ENSG00000172037 
                 Laminin, beta 2 (laminin S) 
               
               
                 LAMB3 
                 ENSG00000196878 
                 Laminin, beta 3 
               
               
                 LAMB4 
                 ENSG00000091128 
                 Laminin, beta 4 
               
               
                 LAMC1 
                 ENSG00000135862 
                 Laminin, gamma 1 (formerly LAMB2) 
               
               
                 LAMC2 
                 ENSG00000058085 
                 Laminin, gamma 2 
               
               
                 LAMC3 
                 ENSG00000050555 
                 Laminin, gamma 3 
               
               
                 LAMP3 
                 ENSG00000078081 
                 Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3 
               
               
                 LAT 
                 ENSG00000213658 
                 Linker for activation of T cells 
               
               
                 LAT2 
                 ENSG00000086730 
                 Linker for activation of T cells family, member 2 
               
               
                 LBP 
                 ENSG00000129988 
                 Lipopolysaccharide binding protein 
               
               
                 LCAT 
                 ENSG00000213398 
                 Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase 
               
               
                 LCN1 
                 ENSG00000160349 
                 Lipocalin 1 
               
               
                 LCN10 
                 ENSG00000187922 
                 Lipocalin 10 
               
               
                 LCN12 
                 ENSG00000184925 
                 Lipocalin 12 
               
               
                 LCN15 
                 ENSG00000177984 
                 Lipocalin 15 
               
               
                 LCN2 
                 ENSG00000148346 
                 Lipocalin 2 
               
               
                 LCN6 
                 ENSG00000267206 
                 Lipocalin 6 
               
               
                 LCN8 
                 ENSG00000204001 
                 Lipocalin 8 
               
               
                 LCN9 
                 ENSG00000148386 
                 Lipocalin 9 
               
               
                 LCORL 
                 ENSG00000178177 
                 Ligand dependent nuclear receptor corepressor-like 
               
               
                 LDLR 
                 ENSG00000130164 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor 
               
               
                 LDLRAD2 
                 ENSG00000187942 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 2 
               
               
                 LEAP2 
                 ENSG00000164406 
                 Liver expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 
               
               
                 LECT2 
                 ENSG00000145826 
                 Leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 
               
               
                 LEFTY1 
                 ENSG00000243709 
                 Left-right determination factor 1 
               
               
                 LEFTY2 
                 ENSG00000143768 
                 Left-right determination factor 2 
               
               
                 LEP 
                 ENSG00000174697 
                 Leptin 
               
               
                 LFNG 
                 ENSG00000106003 
                 LFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 LGALS3BP 
                 ENSG00000108679 
                 Lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 3 binding protein 
               
               
                 LGI1 
                 ENSG00000108231 
                 Leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 
               
               
                 LGI2 
                 ENSG00000153012 
                 Leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 2 
               
               
                 LGI3 
                 ENSG00000168481 
                 Leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 3 
               
               
                 LGI4 
                 ENSG00000153902 
                 Leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 4 
               
               
                 LGMN 
                 ENSG00000100600 
                 Legumain 
               
               
                 LGR4 
                 ENSG00000205213 
                 Leucine-rich repeat containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 
               
               
                 LHB 
                 ENSG00000104826 
                 Luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 LHCGR 
                 ENSG00000138039 
                 Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor 
               
               
                 LIF 
                 ENSG00000128342 
                 Leukemia inhibitory factor 
               
               
                 LIFR 
                 ENSG00000113594 
                 Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha 
               
               
                 LILRA1 
                 ENSG00000104974 
                 Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with 
               
               
                   
                   
                 TM domain), member 1 
               
               
                 LILRA2 
                 ENSG00000239998 
                 Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily A (with 
               
               
                   
                   
                 TM domain), member 2 
               
               
                 LILRB3 
                 ENSG00000204577 
                 Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, subfamily B (with 
               
               
                   
                   
                 TM and ITIM domains), member 3 
               
               
                 LIME1 
                 ENSG00000203896 
                 Lck interacting transmembrane adaptor 1 
               
               
                 LING01 
                 ENSG00000169783 
                 Leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1 
               
               
                 LIPA 
                 ENSG00000107798 
                 Lipase A, lysosomal acid, cholesterol esterase 
               
               
                 LIPC 
                 ENSG00000166035 
                 Lipase, hepatic 
               
               
                 LIPF 
                 ENSG00000182333 
                 Lipase, gastric 
               
               
                 LIPG 
                 ENSG00000101670 
                 Lipase, endothelial 
               
               
                 LIPH 
                 ENSG00000163898 
                 Lipase, member H 
               
               
                 LIPK 
                 ENSG00000204021 
                 Lipase, family member K 
               
               
                 LIPM 
                 ENSG00000173239 
                 Lipase, family member M 
               
               
                 LIPN 
                 ENSG00000204020 
                 Lipase, family member N 
               
               
                 LMAN2 
                 ENSG00000169223 
                 Lectin, mannose-binding 2 
               
               
                 LMNTD1 
                 ENSG00000152936 
                 Lamin tail domain containing 1 
               
               
                 LNX1 
                 ENSG00000072201 
                 Ligand of numb-protein X 1, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 
               
               
                 LOX 
                 ENSG00000113083 
                 Lysyl oxidase 
               
               
                 LOXL1 
                 ENSG00000129038 
                 Lysyl oxidase-like 1 
               
               
                 LOXL2 
                 ENSG00000134013 
                 Lysyl oxidase-like 2 
               
               
                 LOXL3 
                 ENSG00000115318 
                 Lysyl oxidase-like 3 
               
               
                 LOXL4 
                 ENSG00000138131 
                 Lysyl oxidase-like 4 
               
               
                 LPA 
                 ENSG00000198670 
                 Lipoprotein, Lp(a) 
               
               
                 LPL 
                 ENSG00000175445 
                 Lipoprotein lipase 
               
               
                 LPO 
                 ENSG00000167419 
                 Lactoperoxidase 
               
               
                 LRAT 
                 ENSG00000121207 
                 Lecithin retinol acyltransferase (phosphatidylcholine--retinol O- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 acyltransferase) 
               
               
                 LRCH3 
                 ENSG00000186001 
                 Leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology (CH) domain 
               
               
                   
                   
                 containing 3 
               
               
                 LRCOL1 
                 ENSG00000204583 
                 Leucine rich colipase-like 1 
               
               
                 LRFN4 
                 ENSG00000173621 
                 Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 4 
               
               
                 LRFN5 
                 ENSG00000165379 
                 Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 5 
               
               
                 LRG1 
                 ENSG00000171236 
                 Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 
               
               
                 LRP1 
                 ENSG00000123384 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 
               
               
                 LRP11 
                 ENSG00000120256 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 11 
               
               
                 LRP1B 
                 ENSG00000168702 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B 
               
               
                 LRP2 
                 ENSG00000081479 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 
               
               
                 LRP4 
                 ENSG00000134569 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 
               
               
                 LRPAP1 
                 ENSG00000163956 
                 Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein associated 
               
               
                   
                   
                 protein 1 
               
               
                 LRRC17 
                 ENSG00000128606 
                 Leucine rich repeat containing 17 
               
               
                 LRRC32 
                 ENSG00000137507 
                 Leucine rich repeat containing 32 
               
               
                 LRRC3B 
                 ENSG00000179796 
                 Leucine rich repeat containing 3B 
               
               
                 LRRC4B 
                 ENSG00000131409 
                 Leucine rich repeat containing 4B 
               
               
                 LRRC70 
                 ENSG00000186105 
                 Leucine rich repeat containing 70 
               
               
                 LRRN3 
                 ENSG00000173114 
                 Leucine rich repeat neuronal 3 
               
               
                 LRRTM1 
                 ENSG00000162951 
                 Leucine rich repeat transmembrane neuronal 1 
               
               
                 LRRTM2 
                 ENSG00000146006 
                 Leucine rich repeat transmembrane neuronal 2 
               
               
                 LRRTM4 
                 ENSG00000176204 
                 Leucine rich repeat transmembrane neuronal 4 
               
               
                 LRTM2 
                 ENSG00000166159 
                 Leucine-rich repeats and transmembrane domains 2 
               
               
                 LSR 
                 ENSG00000105699 
                 Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor 
               
               
                 LST1 
                 ENSG00000204482 
                 Leukocyte specific transcript 1 
               
               
                 LTA 
                 ENSG00000226979 
                 Lymphotoxin alpha 
               
               
                 LTBP1 
                 ENSG00000049323 
                 Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 1 
               
               
                 LTBP2 
                 ENSG00000119681 
                 Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 2 
               
               
                 LTBP3 
                 ENSG00000168056 
                 Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 3 
               
               
                 LTBP4 
                 ENSG00000090006 
                 Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4 
               
               
                 LTBR 
                 ENSG00000111321 
                 Lymphotoxin beta receptor (TNFR superfamily, member 3) 
               
               
                 LTF 
                 ENSG00000012223 
                 Lactotransferrin 
               
               
                 LTK 
                 ENSG00000062524 
                 Leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase 
               
               
                 LUM 
                 ENSG00000139329 
                 Lumican 
               
               
                 LUZP2 
                 ENSG00000187398 
                 Leucine zipper protein 2 
               
               
                 LVRN 
                 ENSG00000172901 
                 Laeverin 
               
               
                 LY6E 
                 ENSG00000160932 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus E 
               
               
                 LY6G5B 
                 ENSG00000240053 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G5B 
               
               
                 LY6G6D 
                 ENSG00000244355 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G6D 
               
               
                 LY6G6E 
                 ENSG00000255552 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G6E (pseudogene) 
               
               
                 LY6H 
                 ENSG00000176956 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus H 
               
               
                 LY6K 
                 ENSG00000160886 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus K 
               
               
                 LY86 
                 ENSG00000112799 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 86 
               
               
                 LY96 
                 ENSG00000154589 
                 Lymphocyte antigen 96 
               
               
                 LYG1 
                 ENSG00000144214 
                 Lysozyme G-like 1 
               
               
                 LYG2 
                 ENSG00000185674 
                 Lysozyme G-like 2 
               
               
                 LYNX1 
                 ENSG00000180155 
                 Ly6/neurotoxin 1 
               
               
                 LYPD1 
                 ENSG00000150551 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 1 
               
               
                 LYPD2 
                 ENSG00000197353 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 2 
               
               
                 LYPD4 
                 ENSG00000273111 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 4 
               
               
                 LYPD6 
                 ENSG00000187123 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 6 
               
               
                 LYPD6B 
                 ENSG00000150556 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 6B 
               
               
                 LYPD8 
                 ENSG00000259823 
                 LY6/PLAUR domain containing 8 
               
               
                 LYZ 
                 ENSG00000090382 
                 Lysozyme 
               
               
                 LYZL4 
                 ENSG00000157093 
                 Lysozyme-like 4 
               
               
                 LYZL6 
                 ENSG00000275722 
                 Lysozyme-like 6 
               
               
                 M6PR 
                 ENSG00000003056 
                 Mannose-6-phosphate receptor (cation dependent) 
               
               
                 MAD1L1 
                 ENSG00000002822 
                 MAD1 mitotic arrest deficient-like 1 (yeast) 
               
               
                 MAG 
                 ENSG00000105695 
                 Myelin associated glycoprotein 
               
               
                 MAGT1 
                 ENSG00000102158 
                 Magnesium transporter 1 
               
               
                 MALSU1 
                 ENSG00000156928 
                 Mitochondrial assembly of ribosomal large subunit 1 
               
               
                 MAMDC2 
                 ENSG00000165072 
                 MAM domain containing 2 
               
               
                 MAN2B1 
                 ENSG00000104774 
                 Mannosidase, alpha, class 2B, member 1 
               
               
                 MAN2B2 
                 ENSG00000013288 
                 Mannosidase, alpha, class 2B, member 2 
               
               
                 MANBA 
                 ENSG00000109323 
                 Mannosidase, beta A, lysosomal 
               
               
                 MANEAL 
                 ENSG00000185090 
                 Mannosidase, endo-alpha-like 
               
               
                 MANF 
                 ENSG00000145050 
                 Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 MANSC1 
                 ENSG00000111261 
                 MANSC domain containing 1 
               
               
                 MAP3K9 
                 ENSG00000006432 
                 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 
               
               
                 MASP1 
                 ENSG00000127241 
                 Mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 1 (C4/C2 activating 
               
               
                   
                   
                 component of Ra-reactive factor) 
               
               
                 MASP2 
                 ENSG00000009724 
                 Mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 2 
               
               
                 MATN1 
                 ENSG00000162510 
                 Matrilin 1, cartilage matrix protein 
               
               
                 MATN2 
                 ENSG00000132561 
                 Matrilin 2 
               
               
                 MATN3 
                 ENSG00000132031 
                 Matrilin 3 
               
               
                 MATN4 
                 ENSG00000124159 
                 Matrilin 4 
               
               
                 MATR3 
                 ENSG00000015479 
                 Matrin 3 
               
               
                 MATR3 
                 ENSG00000280987 
                 Matrin 3 
               
               
                 MAU2 
                 ENSG00000129933 
                 MAU2 sister chromatid cohesion factor 
               
               
                 MAZ 
                 ENSG00000103495 
                 MYC-associated zinc finger protein (purine-binding 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transcription factor) 
               
               
                 MBD6 
                 ENSG00000166987 
                 Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 6 
               
               
                 MBL2 
                 ENSG00000165471 
                 Mannose-binding lectin (protein C) 2, soluble 
               
               
                 MBNL1 
                 ENSG00000152601 
                 Muscleblind-like splicing regulator 1 
               
               
                 MCCC1 
                 ENSG00000078070 
                 Methylcrotonoyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (alpha) 
               
               
                 MCCD1 
                 ENSG00000204511 
                 Mitochondrial coiled-coil domain 1 
               
               
                 MCEE 
                 ENSG00000124370 
                 Methylmalonyl CoA epimerase 
               
               
                 MCF2L 
                 ENSG00000126217 
                 MCF.2 cell line derived transforming sequence-like 
               
               
                 MCFD2 
                 ENSG00000180398 
                 Multiple coagulation factor deficiency 2 
               
               
                 MDFIC 
                 ENSG00000135272 
                 MyoD family inhibitor domain containing 
               
               
                 MDGA1 
                 ENSG00000112139 
                 MAM domain containing glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor 1 
               
               
                 MDK 
                 ENSG00000110492 
                 Midkine (neurite growth-promoting factor 2) 
               
               
                 MED20 
                 ENSG00000124641 
                 Mediator complex subunit 20 
               
               
                 MEGF10 
                 ENSG00000145794 
                 Multiple EGF-like-domains 10 
               
               
                 MEGF6 
                 ENSG00000162591 
                 Multiple EGF-like-domains 6 
               
               
                 MEI1 
                 ENSG00000167077 
                 Meiotic double-stranded break formation protein 1 
               
               
                 MEI4 
                 ENSG00000269964 
                 Meiotic double-stranded break formation protein 4 
               
               
                 MEIS1 
                 ENSG00000143995 
                 Meis homeobox 1 
               
               
                 MEIS3 
                 ENSG00000105419 
                 Meis homeobox 3 
               
               
                 MEPE 
                 ENSG00000152595 
                 Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein 
               
               
                 MESDC2 
                 ENSG00000117899 
                 Mesoderm development candidate 2 
               
               
                 WIEST 
                 ENSG00000106484 
                 Mesoderm specific transcript 
               
               
                 MET 
                 ENSG00000105976 
                 MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase 
               
               
                 METRN 
                 ENSG00000103260 
                 Meteorin, glial cell differentiation regulator 
               
               
                 METRNL 
                 ENSG00000176845 
                 Meteorin, glial cell differentiation regulator-like 
               
               
                 METTL17 
                 ENSG00000165792 
                 Methyltransferase like 17 
               
               
                 METTL24 
                 ENSG00000053328 
                 Methyltransferase like 24 
               
               
                 METTL7B 
                 ENSG00000170439 
                 Methyltransferase like 7B 
               
               
                 METTL9 
                 ENSG00000197006 
                 Methyltransferase like 9 
               
               
                 MEX3C 
                 ENSG00000176624 
                 Mex-3 RNA binding family member C 
               
               
                 MFAP2 
                 ENSG00000117122 
                 Microfibrillar-associated protein 2 
               
               
                 MFAP3 
                 ENSG00000037749 
                 Microfibrillar-associated protein 3 
               
               
                 MFAP3L 
                 ENSG00000198948 
                 Microfibrillar-associated protein 3-like 
               
               
                 MFAP4 
                 ENSG00000166482 
                 Microfibrillar-associated protein 4 
               
               
                 MFAP5 
                 ENSG00000197614 
                 Microfibrillar associated protein 5 
               
               
                 MFGE8 
                 ENSG00000140545 
                 Milk fat globule-EGF factor 8 protein 
               
               
                 MFI2 
                 ENSG00000163975 
                 Antigen p97 (melanoma associated) identified by monoclonal 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antibodies 133.2 and 96.5 
               
               
                 MFNG 
                 ENSG00000100060 
                 MFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 MGA 
                 ENSG00000174197 
                 MGA, MAX dimerization protein 
               
               
                 MGAT2 
                 ENSG00000168282 
                 Mannosyl (alpha-1,6-)-glycoprotein beta-1, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 MGAT3 
                 ENSG00000128268 
                 Mannosyl (beta-1,4-)-glycoprotein beta-1, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 MGAT4A 
                 ENSG00000071073 
                 Mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, isozyme A 
               
               
                 MGAT4B 
                 ENSG00000161013 
                 Mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein beta-1, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, isozyme B 
               
               
                 MGAT4D 
                 ENSG00000205301 
                 MGAT4 family, member D 
               
               
                 MGLL 
                 ENSG00000074416 
                 Monoglyceride lipase 
               
               
                 MGP 
                 ENSG00000111341 
                 Matrix Gla protein 
               
               
                 MGST2 
                 ENSG00000085871 
                 Microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 
               
               
                 MIA 
                 ENSG00000261857 
                 Melanoma inhibitory activity 
               
               
                 MIA2 
                 ENSG00000150526 
                 Melanoma inhibitory activity 2 
               
               
                 MIA3 
                 ENSG00000154305 
                 Melanoma inhibitory activity family, member 3 
               
               
                 MICUl 
                 ENSG00000107745 
                 Mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 
               
               
                 MIER1 
                 ENSG00000198160 
                 Mesoderm induction early response 1, transcriptional regulator 
               
               
                 MINOS1-NBL1 
                 ENSG00000270136 
                 MINOS1-NBL1 readthrough 
               
               
                 MINPP1 
                 ENSG00000107789 
                 Multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase 1 
               
               
                 MLEC 
                 ENSG00000110917 
                 Malectin 
               
               
                 MLN 
                 ENSG00000096395 
                 Motilin 
               
               
                 MLXIP 
                 ENSG00000175727 
                 MLX interacting protein 
               
               
                 MLXIPL 
                 ENSG00000009950 
                 MLX interacting protein-like 
               
               
                 MMP1 
                 ENSG00000196611 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 1 
               
               
                 MMP10 
                 ENSG00000166670 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 10 
               
               
                 MMP11 
                 ENSG00000099953 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 11 
               
               
                 MMP12 
                 ENSG00000262406 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 12 
               
               
                 MMP13 
                 ENSG00000137745 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 13 
               
               
                 MMP14 
                 ENSG00000157227 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 14 (membrane-inserted) 
               
               
                 MMP17 
                 ENSG00000198598 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 17 (membrane-inserted) 
               
               
                 MMP19 
                 ENSG00000123342 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 19 
               
               
                 MMP2 
                 ENSG00000087245 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 2 
               
               
                 MMP20 
                 ENSG00000137674 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 20 
               
               
                 MMP21 
                 ENSG00000154485 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 21 
               
               
                 MMP25 
                 ENSG00000008516 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 25 
               
               
                 MMP26 
                 ENSG00000167346 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 26 
               
               
                 MMP27 
                 ENSG00000137675 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 27 
               
               
                 MMP28 
                 ENSG00000271447 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 28 
               
               
                 MMP3 
                 ENSG00000149968 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 3 
               
               
                 MMP7 
                 ENSG00000137673 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 7 
               
               
                 MMP8 
                 ENSG00000118113 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 8 
               
               
                 MMP9 
                 ENSG00000100985 
                 Matrix metallopeptidase 9 
               
               
                 MMRN1 
                 ENSG00000138722 
                 Multimerin 1 
               
               
                 MMRN2 
                 ENSG00000173269 
                 Multimerin 2 
               
               
                 MOXD1 
                 ENSG00000079931 
                 Monooxygenase, DBH-like 1 
               
               
                 MPO 
                 ENSG00000005381 
                 Myeloperoxidase 
               
               
                 MPPED1 
                 ENSG00000186732 
                 Metallophosphoesterase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 MPZL1 
                 ENSG00000197965 
                 Myelin protein zero-like 1 
               
               
                 MR1 
                 ENSG00000153029 
                 Major histocompatibility complex, class I-related 
               
               
                 MRPL2 
                 ENSG00000112651 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L2 
               
               
                 MRPL21 
                 ENSG00000197345 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L21 
               
               
                 MRPL22 
                 ENSG00000082515 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L22 
               
               
                 MRPL24 
                 ENSG00000143314 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L24 
               
               
                 MRPL27 
                 ENSG00000108826 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L27 
               
               
                 MRPL32 
                 ENSG00000106591 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L32 
               
               
                 MRPL34 
                 ENSG00000130312 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L34 
               
               
                 MRPL35 
                 ENSG00000132313 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L35 
               
               
                 MRPL52 
                 ENSG00000172590 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L52 
               
               
                 MRPL55 
                 ENSG00000162910 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L55 
               
               
                 MRPS14 
                 ENSG00000120333 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S14 
               
               
                 MRPS22 
                 ENSG00000175110 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S22 
               
               
                 MRPS28 
                 ENSG00000147586 
                 Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S28 
               
               
                 MS4A14 
                 ENSG00000166928 
                 Membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 14 
               
               
                 MS4A3 
                 ENSG00000149516 
                 Membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 3 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (hematopoietic cell-specific) 
               
               
                 MSH3 
                 ENSG00000113318 
                 MutS homolog 3 
               
               
                 MSH5 
                 ENSG00000204410 
                 MutS homolog 5 
               
               
                 MSLN 
                 ENSG00000102854 
                 Mesothelin 
               
               
                 MSMB 
                 ENSG00000263639 
                 Microseminoprotein, beta- 
               
               
                 MSRA 
                 ENSG00000175806 
                 Methionine sulfoxide reductase A 
               
               
                 MSRB2 
                 ENSG00000148450 
                 Methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 
               
               
                 MSRB3 
                 ENSG00000174099 
                 Methionine sulfoxide reductase B3 
               
               
                 MST1 
                 ENSG00000173531 
                 Macrophage stimulating 1 
               
               
                 MSTN 
                 ENSG00000138379 
                 Myostatin 
               
               
                 MT1G 
                 ENSG00000125144 
                 Metallothionein 1G 
               
               
                 MTHFD2 
                 ENSG00000065911 
                 Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP + dependent) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2, methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase 
               
               
                 MTMR14 
                 ENSG00000163719 
                 Myotubularin related protein 14 
               
               
                 MTRNR2L11 
                 ENSG00000270188 
                 MT-RNR2-like 11 (pseudogene) 
               
               
                 MTRR 
                 ENSG00000124275 
                 5-methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase 
               
               
                   
                   
                 reductase 
               
               
                 MTTP 
                 ENSG00000138823 
                 Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein 
               
               
                 MTX2 
                 ENSG00000128654 
                 Metaxin 2 
               
               
                 MUC1 
                 ENSG00000185499 
                 Mucin 1, cell surface associated 
               
               
                 MUC13 
                 ENSG00000173702 
                 Mucin 13, cell surface associated 
               
               
                 MUC20 
                 ENSG00000176945 
                 Mucin 20, cell surface associated 
               
               
                 MUC3A 
                 ENSG00000169894 
                 Mucin 3A, cell surface associated 
               
               
                 MUC5AC 
                 ENSG00000215182 
                 Mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming 
               
               
                 MUC5B 
                 ENSG00000117983 
                 Mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming 
               
               
                 MUC6 
                 ENSG00000184956 
                 Mucin 6, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming 
               
               
                 MUC7 
                 ENSG00000171195 
                 Mucin 7, secreted 
               
               
                 MUCL1 
                 ENSG00000172551 
                 Mucin-like 1 
               
               
                 MXRA5 
                 ENSG00000101825 
                 Matrix-remodelling associated 5 
               
               
                 MXRA7 
                 ENSG00000182534 
                 Matrix-remodelling associated 7 
               
               
                 MYDGF 
                 ENSG00000074842 
                 Myeloid-derived growth factor 
               
               
                 MYL1 
                 ENSG00000168530 
                 Myosin, light chain 1, alkali; skeletal, fast 
               
               
                 MYOC 
                 ENSG00000034971 
                 Myocilin, trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid 
               
               
                   
                   
                 response 
               
               
                 MYRFL 
                 ENSG00000166268 
                 Myelin regulatory factor-like 
               
               
                 MZB1 
                 ENSG00000170476 
                 Marginal zone B and B1 cell-specific protein 
               
               
                 N4BP2L2 
                 ENSG00000244754 
                 NEDD4 binding protein 2-like 2 
               
               
                 NAA38 
                 ENSG00000183011 
                 N(alpha)-acetyltransferase 38, NatC auxiliary subunit 
               
               
                 NAAA 
                 ENSG00000138744 
                 N-acylethanolamine acid amidase 
               
               
                 NAGA 
                 ENSG00000198951 
                 N-acetylgalactosaminidase, alpha- 
               
               
                 NAGLU 
                 ENSG00000108784 
                 N-acetylglucosaminidase, alpha 
               
               
                 NAGS 
                 ENSG00000161653 
                 N-acetylglutamate synthase 
               
               
                 NAPSA 
                 ENSG00000131400 
                 Napsin A aspartic peptidase 
               
               
                 NBL1 
                 ENSG00000158747 
                 Neuroblastoma 1, DAN family BMP antagonist 
               
               
                 NCAM1 
                 ENSG00000149294 
                 Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 
               
               
                 NCAN 
                 ENSG00000130287 
                 Neurocan 
               
               
                 NCBP2-A52 
                 ENSG00000270170 
                 NCBP2 antisense RNA 2 (head to head) 
               
               
                 NCSTN 
                 ENSG00000162736 
                 Nicastrin 
               
               
                 NDNF 
                 ENSG00000173376 
                 Neuron-derived neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 NDP 
                 ENSG00000124479 
                 Norrie disease (pseudoglioma) 
               
               
                 NDUFA10 
                 ENSG00000130414 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 10, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 42 kDa 
               
               
                 NDUFB5 
                 ENSG00000136521 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex, 5, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 16 kDa 
               
               
                 NDUFS8 
                 ENSG00000110717 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 8, 23 kDa 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (NADH-coenzyme Q reductase) 
               
               
                 NDUFV1 
                 ENSG00000167792 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) flavoprotein 1, 51 kDa 
               
               
                 NECAB3 
                 ENSG00000125967 
                 N-terminal EF-hand calcium binding protein 3 
               
               
                 NELL1 
                 ENSG00000165973 
                 Neural EGFL like 1 
               
               
                 NELL2 
                 ENSG00000184613 
                 Neural EGFL like 2 
               
               
                 NENF 
                 ENSG00000117691 
                 Neudesin neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 NETO1 
                 ENSG00000166342 
                 Neuropilin (NRP) and tolloid (TLL)-like 1 
               
               
                 NFASC 
                 ENSG00000163531 
                 Neurofascin 
               
               
                 NFE2L1 
                 ENSG00000082641 
                 Nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 1 
               
               
                 NFE2L3 
                 ENSG00000050344 
                 Nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 3 
               
               
                 NGEF 
                 ENSG00000066248 
                 Neuronal guanine nucleotide exchange factor 
               
               
                 NGF 
                 ENSG00000134259 
                 Nerve growth factor (beta polypeptide) 
               
               
                 NGLY1 
                 ENSG00000151092 
                 N-glycanase 1 
               
               
                 NGRN 
                 ENSG00000182768 
                 Neugrin, neurite outgrowth associated 
               
               
                 NHLRC3 
                 ENSG00000188811 
                 NHL repeat containing 3 
               
               
                 NID 1 
                 ENSG00000116962 
                 Nidogen 1 
               
               
                 NID2 
                 ENSG00000087303 
                 Nidogen 2 (osteonidogen) 
               
               
                 NKG7 
                 ENSG00000105374 
                 Natural killer cell granule protein 7 
               
               
                 NLGN3 
                 ENSG00000196338 
                 Neuroligin 3 
               
               
                 NLGN4Y 
                 ENSG00000165246 
                 Neuroligin 4, Y-linked 
               
               
                 NLRP5 
                 ENSG00000171487 
                 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 5 
               
               
                 NMB 
                 ENSG00000197696 
                 Neuromedin B 
               
               
                 NME1 
                 ENSG00000239672 
                 NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 1 
               
               
                 NME1-NME2 
                 ENSG00000011052 
                 NME1-NME2 readthrough 
               
               
                 NME3 
                 ENSG00000103024 
                 NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 3 
               
               
                 NMS 
                 ENSG00000204640 
                 Neuromedin S 
               
               
                 NMU 
                 ENSG00000109255 
                 Neuromedin U 
               
               
                 NOA1 
                 ENSG00000084092 
                 Nitric oxide associated 1 
               
               
                 NODAL 
                 ENSG00000156574 
                 Nodal growth differentiation factor 
               
               
                 NOG 
                 ENSG00000183691 
                 Noggin 
               
               
                 NOM03 
                 ENSG00000103226 
                 NODAL modulator 3 
               
               
                 NOS1AP 
                 ENSG00000198929 
                 Nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) adaptor protein 
               
               
                 NOTCH3 
                 ENSG00000074181 
                 Notch 3 
               
               
                 NOTUM 
                 ENSG00000185269 
                 Notum pectinacetylesterase homolog (Drosophila) 
               
               
                 NOV 
                 ENSG00000136999 
                 Nephroblastoma overexpressed 
               
               
                 NPB 
                 ENSG00000183979 
                 Neuropeptide B 
               
               
                 NPC2 
                 ENSG00000119655 
                 Niemann-Pick disease, type C2 
               
               
                 NPFF 
                 ENSG00000139574 
                 Neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor 
               
               
                 NPFFR2 
                 ENSG00000056291 
                 Neuropeptide FF receptor 2 
               
               
                 NPH S1 
                 ENSG00000161270 
                 Nephrosis 1, congenital, Finnish type (nephrin) 
               
               
                 NPNT 
                 ENSG00000168743 
                 Nephronectin 
               
               
                 NPPA 
                 ENSG00000175206 
                 Natriuretic peptide A 
               
               
                 NPPB 
                 ENSG00000120937 
                 Natriuretic peptide B 
               
               
                 NPPC 
                 ENSG00000163273 
                 Natriuretic peptide C 
               
               
                 NPS 
                 ENSG00000214285 
                 Neuropeptide S 
               
               
                 NPTX1 
                 ENSG00000171246 
                 Neuronal pentraxin I 
               
               
                 NPTX2 
                 ENSG00000106236 
                 Neuronal pentraxin II 
               
               
                 NPTXR 
                 ENSG00000221890 
                 Neuronal pentraxin receptor 
               
               
                 NPVF 
                 ENSG00000105954 
                 Neuropeptide VF precursor 
               
               
                 NPW 
                 ENSG00000183971 
                 Neuropeptide W 
               
               
                 NPY 
                 ENSG00000122585 
                 Neuropeptide Y 
               
               
                 NQ02 
                 ENSG00000124588 
                 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 2 
               
               
                 NRCAM 
                 ENSG00000091129 
                 Neuronal cell adhesion molecule 
               
               
                 NRG1 
                 ENSG00000157168 
                 Neuregulin 1 
               
               
                 NRN1L 
                 ENSG00000188038 
                 Neuritin 1-like 
               
               
                 NRP1 
                 ENSG00000099250 
                 Neuropilin 1 
               
               
                 NRP2 
                 ENSG00000118257 
                 Neuropilin 2 
               
               
                 NRTN 
                 ENSG00000171119 
                 Neurturin 
               
               
                 NRXN1 
                 ENSG00000179915 
                 Neurexin 1 
               
               
                 NRXN2 
                 ENSG00000110076 
                 Neurexin 2 
               
               
                 NT5C3A 
                 ENSG00000122643 
                 5′-nucleotidase, cytosolic IIIA 
               
               
                 NT5DC3 
                 ENSG00000111696 
                 5′-nucleotidase domain containing 3 
               
               
                 NT5E 
                 ENSG00000135318 
                 5′-nucleotidase, ecto (CD73) 
               
               
                 NTF3 
                 ENSG00000185652 
                 Neurotrophin 3 
               
               
                 NTF4 
                 ENSG00000225950 
                 Neurotrophin 4 
               
               
                 NTM 
                 ENSG00000182667 
                 Neurotrimin 
               
               
                 NTN1 
                 ENSG00000065320 
                 Netrin 1 
               
               
                 NTN3 
                 ENSG00000162068 
                 Netrin 3 
               
               
                 NTN4 
                 ENSG00000074527 
                 Netrin 4 
               
               
                 NTN5 
                 ENSG00000142233 
                 Netrin 5 
               
               
                 NTNG1 
                 ENSG00000162631 
                 Netrin G1 
               
               
                 NTNG2 
                 ENSG00000196358 
                 Netrin G2 
               
               
                 NTS 
                 ENSG00000133636 
                 Neurotensin 
               
               
                 NUBPL 
                 ENSG00000151413 
                 Nucleotide binding protein-like 
               
               
                 NUCB1 
                 ENSG00000104805 
                 Nucleobindin 1 
               
               
                 NUCB2 
                 ENSG00000070081 
                 Nucleobindin 2 
               
               
                 NUDT19 
                 ENSG00000213965 
                 Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 19 
               
               
                 NUDT9 
                 ENSG00000170502 
                 Nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 9 
               
               
                 NUP155 
                 ENSG00000113569 
                 Nucleoporin 155 kDa 
               
               
                 NUP214 
                 ENSG00000126883 
                 Nucleoporin 214 kDa 
               
               
                 NUP85 
                 ENSG00000125450 
                 Nucleoporin 85 kDa 
               
               
                 NXPE3 
                 ENSG00000144815 
                 Neurexophilin and PC-esterase domain family, member 3 
               
               
                 NXPE4 
                 ENSG00000137634 
                 Neurexophilin and PC-esterase domain family, member 4 
               
               
                 NXPH1 
                 ENSG00000122584 
                 Neurexophilin 1 
               
               
                 NXPH2 
                 ENSG00000144227 
                 Neurexophilin 2 
               
               
                 NXPH3 
                 ENSG00000182575 
                 Neurexophilin 3 
               
               
                 NXPH4 
                 ENSG00000182379 
                 Neurexophilin 4 
               
               
                 NYX 
                 ENSG00000188937 
                 Nyctalopin 
               
               
                 OAF 
                 ENSG00000184232 
                 Out at first homolog 
               
               
                 OBP2A 
                 ENSG00000122136 
                 Odomnt binding protein 2A 
               
               
                 OBP2B 
                 ENSG00000171102 
                 Odomnt binding protein 2B 
               
               
                 OC90 
                 ENSG00000253117 
                 Otoconin 90 
               
               
                 OCLN 
                 ENSG00000197822 
                 Occludin 
               
               
                 ODAM 
                 ENSG00000109205 
                 Odontogenic, ameloblast asssociated 
               
               
                 OGG1 
                 ENSG00000114026 
                 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 
               
               
                 OGN 
                 ENSG00000106809 
                 Osteoglycin 
               
               
                 O1T3 
                 ENSG00000138315 
                 Oncoprotein induced transcript 3 
               
               
                 OLFM1 
                 ENSG00000130558 
                 Olfactomedin 1 
               
               
                 OLFM2 
                 ENSG00000105088 
                 Olfactomedin 2 
               
               
                 OLFM3 
                 ENSG00000118733 
                 Olfactomedin 3 
               
               
                 OLFM4 
                 ENSG00000102837 
                 Olfactomedin 4 
               
               
                 OLFML1 
                 ENSG00000183801 
                 Olfactomedin-like 1 
               
               
                 OLFML2A 
                 ENSG00000185585 
                 Olfactomedin-like 2A 
               
               
                 OLFML2B 
                 ENSG00000162745 
                 Olfactomedin-like 2B 
               
               
                 OLFML3 
                 ENSG00000116774 
                 Olfactomedin-like 3 
               
               
                 OMD 
                 ENSG00000127083 
                 Osteomodulin 
               
               
                 OMG 
                 ENSG00000126861 
                 Oligodendrocyte myelin glycoprotein 
               
               
                 OOSP2 
                 ENSG00000149507 
                 Oocyte secreted protein 2 
               
               
                 OPCML 
                 ENSG00000183715 
                 Opioid binding protein/cell adhesion molecule-like 
               
               
                 OPTC 
                 ENSG00000188770 
                 Opticin 
               
               
                 ORAI1 
                 ENSG00000276045 
                 ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 
               
               
                 ORM1 
                 ENSG00000229314 
                 Orosomucoid 1 
               
               
                 ORM2 
                 ENSG00000228278 
                 Orosomucoid 2 
               
               
                 ORMDL2 
                 ENSG00000123353 
                 ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 2 
               
               
                 OS9 
                 ENSG00000135506 
                 Osteosarcoma amplified 9, endoplasmic reticulum lectin 
               
               
                 OSCAR 
                 ENSG00000170909 
                 Osteoclast associated, immunoglobulin-like receptor 
               
               
                 OSM 
                 ENSG00000099985 
                 Oncostatin M 
               
               
                 OSMR 
                 ENSG00000145623 
                 Oncostatin M receptor 
               
               
                 OSTN 
                 ENSG00000188729 
                 Osteocrin 
               
               
                 OTOA 
                 ENSG00000155719 
                 Otoancorin 
               
               
                 OTOG 
                 ENSG00000188162 
                 Otogelin 
               
               
                 OTOGL 
                 ENSG00000165899 
                 Otogelin-like 
               
               
                 OTOL1 
                 ENSG00000182447 
                 Otolin 1 
               
               
                 OTOR 
                 ENSG00000125879 
                 Otoraplin 
               
               
                 OTOS 
                 ENSG00000178602 
                 Otospiralin 
               
               
                 OVCH1 
                 ENSG00000187950 
                 Ovochymase 1 
               
               
                 OVCH2 
                 ENSG00000183378 
                 Ovochymase 2 (gene/pseudogene) 
               
               
                 OVGP1 
                 ENSG00000085465 
                 Oviductal glycoprotein 1, 120 kDa 
               
               
                 OXCT1 
                 ENSG00000083720 
                 3-oxoacid CoA transferase 1 
               
               
                 OXCT2 
                 ENSG00000198754 
                 3-oxoacid CoA transferase 2 
               
               
                 OXNAD1 
                 ENSG00000154814 
                 Oxidoreductase NAD-binding domain containing 1 
               
               
                 OXT 
                 ENSG00000101405 
                 Oxytocin/neurophysin I prepropeptide 
               
               
                 P3H1 
                 ENSG00000117385 
                 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 
               
               
                 P3H2 
                 ENSG00000090530 
                 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 
               
               
                 P3H3 
                 ENSG00000110811 
                 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 3 
               
               
                 P3H4 
                 ENSG00000141696 
                 Prolyl 3-hydroxylase family member 4 (non-enzymatic) 
               
               
                 P4HA1 
                 ENSG00000122884 
                 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, alpha polypeptide I 
               
               
                 P4HA2 
                 ENSG00000072682 
                 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, alpha polypeptide II 
               
               
                 P4HA3 
                 ENSG00000149380 
                 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, alpha polypeptide III 
               
               
                 P4HB 
                 ENSG00000185624 
                 Prolyl 4-hydroxylase, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 PAEP 
                 ENSG00000122133 
                 Progestagen-associated endometrial protein 
               
               
                 PAM 
                 ENSG00000145730 
                 Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase 
               
               
                 PAMR1 
                 ENSG00000149090 
                 Peptidase domain containing associated with muscle 
               
               
                   
                   
                 regeneration 1 
               
               
                 PAPL 
                 ENSG00000183760 
                 Iron/zinc purple acid phosphatase-like protein 
               
               
                 PAPLN 
                 ENSG00000100767 
                 Papilin, proteoglycan-like sulfated glycoprotein 
               
               
                 PAPPA 
                 ENSG00000182752 
                 Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, pappalysin 1 
               
               
                 PAPPA2 
                 ENSG00000116183 
                 Pappalysin 2 
               
               
                 PARP15 
                 ENSG00000173200 
                 Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 15 
               
               
                 PARVB 
                 ENSG00000188677 
                 Parvin, beta 
               
               
                 PA1E1 
                 ENSG00000171053 
                 Prostate and testis expressed 1 
               
               
                 PA1E2 
                 ENSG00000196844 
                 Prostate and testis expressed 2 
               
               
                 PA1E3 
                 ENSG00000236027 
                 Prostate and testis expressed 3 
               
               
                 PA1E4 
                 ENSG00000237353 
                 Prostate and testis expressed 4 
               
               
                 PATL2 
                 ENSG00000229474 
                 Protein associated with topoisomerase II homolog 2 (yeast) 
               
               
                 PAX2 
                 ENSG00000075891 
                 Paired box 2 
               
               
                 PAX4 
                 ENSG00000106331 
                 Paired box 4 
               
               
                 PCCB 
                 ENSG00000114054 
                 Propionyl CoA calboxylase, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 PCDH1 
                 ENSG00000156453 
                 Protocadherin 1 
               
               
                 PCDH12 
                 ENSG00000113555 
                 Protocadherin 12 
               
               
                 PCDH15 
                 ENSG00000150275 
                 Protocadherin-related 15 
               
               
                 PCDHA1 
                 ENSG00000204970 
                 Protocadherin alpha 1 
               
               
                 PCDHA10 
                 ENSG00000250120 
                 Protocadherin alpha 10 
               
               
                 PCDHA11 
                 ENSG00000249158 
                 Protocadherin alpha 11 
               
               
                 PCDHA6 
                 ENSG00000081842 
                 Protocadherin alpha 6 
               
               
                 PCDHB12 
                 ENSG00000120328 
                 Protocadherin beta 12 
               
               
                 PCDHGA11 
                 ENSG00000253873 
                 Protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 11 
               
               
                 PCF11 
                 ENSG00000165494 
                 PCF11 cleavage and polyadenylation factor subunit 
               
               
                 PCOLCE 
                 ENSG00000106333 
                 Procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 
               
               
                 PCOLCE2 
                 ENSG00000163710 
                 Procollagen C-endopeptidase enhancer 2 
               
               
                 PCSK1 
                 ENSG00000175426 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 
               
               
                 PCSK1N 
                 ENSG00000102109 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 inhibitor 
               
               
                 PCSK2 
                 ENSG00000125851 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 2 
               
               
                 PCSK4 
                 ENSG00000115257 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 
               
               
                 PCSK5 
                 ENSG00000099139 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 
               
               
                 PCSK9 
                 ENSG00000169174 
                 Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 
               
               
                 PCYOX1 
                 ENSG00000116005 
                 Prenylcysteine oxidase 1 
               
               
                 PCYOX1L 
                 ENSG00000145882 
                 Prenylcysteine oxidase 1 like 
               
               
                 PDDC1 
                 ENSG00000177225 
                 Parkinson disease 7 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PDE11A 
                 ENSG00000128655 
                 Phosphodiesterase 11A 
               
               
                 PDE2A 
                 ENSG00000186642 
                 Phosphodiesterase 2A, cGMP-stimulated 
               
               
                 PDE7A 
                 ENSG00000205268 
                 Phosphodiesterase 7A 
               
               
                 PDF 
                 ENSG00000258429 
                 Peptide deformylase (mitochondrial) 
               
               
                 PDGFA 
                 ENSG00000197461 
                 Platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 PDGFB 
                 ENSG00000100311 
                 Platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 PDGFC 
                 ENSG00000145431 
                 Platelet derived growth factor C 
               
               
                 PDGFD 
                 ENSG00000170962 
                 Platelet derived growth factor D 
               
               
                 PDGFRA 
                 ENSG00000134853 
                 Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 PDGFRB 
                 ENSG00000113721 
                 Platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 PDGFRL 
                 ENSG00000104213 
                 Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-like 
               
               
                 PDHAl 
                 ENSG00000131828 
                 Pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) alpha 1 
               
               
                 PDIA2 
                 ENSG00000185615 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 2 
               
               
                 PDIA3 
                 ENSG00000167004 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 3 
               
               
                 PDIA4 
                 ENSG00000155660 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 4 
               
               
                 PDIA5 
                 ENSG00000065485 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 5 
               
               
                 PDIA6 
                 ENSG00000143870 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase family A, member 6 
               
               
                 PDILT 
                 ENSG00000169340 
                 Protein disulfide isomerase-like, testis expressed 
               
               
                 PDYN 
                 ENSG00000101327 
                 Prodynorphin 
               
               
                 PDZD8 
                 ENSG00000165650 
                 PDZ domain containing 8 
               
               
                 PDZRN4 
                 ENSG00000165966 
                 PDZ domain containing ring finger 4 
               
               
                 PEAR1 
                 ENSG00000187800 
                 Platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 
               
               
                 PEBP4 
                 ENSG00000134020 
                 Phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 4 
               
               
                 PECAM1 
                 ENSG00000261371 
                 Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 
               
               
                 PENK 
                 ENSG00000181195 
                 Proenkephalin 
               
               
                 PET117 
                 ENSG00000232838 
                 PET117 homolog 
               
               
                 PF4 
                 ENSG00000163737 
                 Platelet factor 4 
               
               
                 PF4V1 
                 ENSG00000109272 
                 Platelet factor 4 variant 1 
               
               
                 PFKP 
                 ENSG00000067057 
                 Phosphofructokinase, platelet 
               
               
                 PFN1 
                 ENSG00000108518 
                 Profilin 1 
               
               
                 PGA3 
                 ENSG00000229859 
                 Pepsinogen 3, group I (pepsinogen A) 
               
               
                 PGA4 
                 ENSG00000229183 
                 Pepsinogen 4, group I (pepsinogen A) 
               
               
                 PGA5 
                 ENSG00000256713 
                 Pepsinogen 5, group I (pepsinogen A) 
               
               
                 PGAM5 
                 ENSG00000247077 
                 PGAM family member 5, serine/threonine protein phosphatase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 mitochondrial 
               
               
                 PGAP3 
                 ENSG00000161395 
                 Post-GPI attachment to proteins 3 
               
               
                 PGC 
                 ENSG00000096088 
                 Progastricsin (pepsinogen C) 
               
               
                 PGF 
                 ENSG00000119630 
                 Placental growth factor 
               
               
                 PGLYRP1 
                 ENSG00000008438 
                 Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 
               
               
                 PGLYRP2 
                 ENSG00000161031 
                 Peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 
               
               
                 PGLYRP3 
                 ENSG00000159527 
                 Peptidoglycan recognition protein 3 
               
               
                 PGLYRP4 
                 ENSG00000163218 
                 Peptidoglycan recognition protein 4 
               
               
                 PHACTR1 
                 ENSG00000112137 
                 Phosphatase and actin regulator 1 
               
               
                 PHB 
                 ENSG00000167085 
                 Prohibitin 
               
               
                 PI15 
                 ENSG00000137558 
                 Peptidase inhibitor 15 
               
               
                 PI3 
                 ENSG00000124102 
                 Peptidase inhibitor 3, skin-derived 
               
               
                 PIANP 
                 ENSG00000139200 
                 PILR alpha associated neural protein 
               
               
                 PIGK 
                 ENSG00000142892 
                 Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class K 
               
               
                 PIGL 
                 ENSG00000108474 
                 Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class L 
               
               
                 PIGT 
                 ENSG00000124155 
                 Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class T 
               
               
                 PIGZ 
                 ENSG00000119227 
                 Phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class Z 
               
               
                 PIK3AP1 
                 ENSG00000155629 
                 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase adaptor protein 1 
               
               
                 PIK3IP1 
                 ENSG00000100100 
                 Phosphoinositide-3-kinase interacting protein 1 
               
               
                 PILRA 
                 ENSG00000085514 
                 Paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor alpha 
               
               
                 PILRB 
                 ENSG00000121716 
                 Paired immunoglobin-like type 2 receptor beta 
               
               
                 PINLYP 
                 ENSG00000234465 
                 Phospholipase A2 inhibitor and LY6/PLAUR domain 
               
               
                   
                   
                 containing 
               
               
                 PIP 
                 ENSG00000159763 
                 Prolactin-induced protein 
               
               
                 PIWIL4 
                 ENSG00000134627 
                 Piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4 
               
               
                 PKDCC 
                 ENSG00000162878 
                 Protein kinase domain containing, cytoplasmic 
               
               
                 PKHD1 
                 ENSG00000170927 
                 Polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (autosomal recessive) 
               
               
                 PLA1A 
                 ENSG00000144837 
                 Phospholipase A1 member A 
               
               
                 PLA2G10 
                 ENSG00000069764 
                 Phospholipase A2, group X 
               
               
                 PLA2G12A 
                 ENSG00000123739 
                 Phospholipase A2, group XIIA 
               
               
                 PLA2G12B 
                 ENSG00000138308 
                 Phospholipase A2, group XIIB 
               
               
                 PLA2G15 
                 ENSG00000103066 
                 Phospholipase A2, group XV 
               
               
                 PLA2G1B 
                 ENSG00000170890 
                 Phospholipase A2, group IB (pancreas) 
               
               
                 PLA2G2A 
                 ENSG00000188257 
                 Phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid) 
               
               
                 PLA2G2C 
                 ENSG00000187980 
                 Phospholipase A2, group IIC 
               
               
                 PLA2G2D 
                 ENSG00000117215 
                 Phospholipase A2, group IID 
               
               
                 PLA2G2E 
                 ENSG00000188784 
                 Phospholipase A2, group IIE 
               
               
                 PLA2G3 
                 ENSG00000100078 
                 Phospholipase A2, group III 
               
               
                 PLA2G5 
                 ENSG00000127472 
                 Phospholipase A2, group V 
               
               
                 PLA2G7 
                 ENSG00000146070 
                 Phospholipase A2, group VII (platelet-activating factor 
               
               
                   
                   
                 acetylhydrolase, plasma) 
               
               
                 PLA2R1 
                 ENSG00000153246 
                 Phospholipase A2 receptor 1, 180 kDa 
               
               
                 PLAC1 
                 ENSG00000170965 
                 Placenta-specific 1 
               
               
                 PLAC9 
                 ENSG00000189129 
                 Placenta-specific 9 
               
               
                 PLAT 
                 ENSG00000104368 
                 Plasminogen activator, tissue 
               
               
                 PLAU 
                 ENSG00000122861 
                 Plasminogen activator, urokinase 
               
               
                 PLAUR 
                 ENSG00000011422 
                 Plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor 
               
               
                 PLBD1 
                 ENSG00000121316 
                 Phospholipase B domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PLBD2 
                 ENSG00000151176 
                 Phospholipase B domain containing 2 
               
               
                 PLG 
                 ENSG00000122194 
                 Plasminogen 
               
               
                 PLGLB1 
                 ENSG00000183281 
                 Plasminogen-like B1 
               
               
                 PLGLB2 
                 ENSG00000125551 
                 Plasminogen-like B2 
               
               
                 PLOD1 
                 ENSG00000083444 
                 Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 1 
               
               
                 PLOD2 
                 ENSG00000152952 
                 Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 
               
               
                 PLOD3 
                 ENSG00000106397 
                 Procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3 
               
               
                 PLTP 
                 ENSG00000100979 
                 Phospholipid transfer protein 
               
               
                 PLXNA4 
                 ENSG00000221866 
                 Plexin A4 
               
               
                 PLXNB2 
                 ENSG00000196576 
                 Plexin B2 
               
               
                 PM20D1 
                 ENSG00000162877 
                 Peptidase M20 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PMCH 
                 ENSG00000183395 
                 Pro-melanin-concentrating hormone 
               
               
                 PMEL 
                 ENSG00000185664 
                 Premelanosome protein 
               
               
                 PMEPA1 
                 ENSG00000124225 
                 Prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1 
               
               
                 PNLIP 
                 ENSG00000175535 
                 Pancreatic lipase 
               
               
                 PNLIPRP1 
                 ENSG00000187021 
                 Pancreatic lipase-related protein 1 
               
               
                 PNLIPRP3 
                 ENSG00000203837 
                 Pancreatic lipase-related protein 3 
               
               
                 PNOC 
                 ENSG00000168081 
                 Prepronociceptin 
               
               
                 PNP 
                 ENSG00000198805 
                 Purine nucleoside phosphorylase 
               
               
                 PNPLA4 
                 ENSG00000006757 
                 Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 4 
               
               
                 PODNL1 
                 ENSG00000132000 
                 Podocan-like 1 
               
               
                 POFUT1 
                 ENSG00000101346 
                 Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 POFUT2 
                 ENSG00000186866 
                 Protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 POGLUT1 
                 ENSG00000163389 
                 Protein O-glucosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 POLL 
                 ENSG00000166169 
                 Polymerase (DNA directed), lambda 
               
               
                 POMC 
                 ENSG00000115138 
                 Proopiomelanocortin 
               
               
                 POMGNT2 
                 ENSG00000144647 
                 Protein O-linked mannose N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (beta 1,4-) 
               
               
                 PON1 
                 ENSG00000005421 
                 Paraoxonase 1 
               
               
                 PON2 
                 ENSG00000105854 
                 Paraoxonase 2 
               
               
                 PON3 
                 ENSG00000105852 
                 Paraoxonase 3 
               
               
                 POSTN 
                 ENSG00000133110 
                 Periostin, osteoblast specific factor 
               
               
                 PPBP 
                 ENSG00000163736 
                 Pro-platelet basic protein (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7) 
               
               
                 PPIB 
                 ENSG00000166794 
                 Peptidylprolyl isomerase B (cyclophilin B) 
               
               
                 PPIC 
                 ENSG00000168938 
                 Peptidylprolyl isomerase C (cyclophilin C) 
               
               
                 PPDX 
                 ENSG00000143224 
                 Protoporphyrinogen oxidase 
               
               
                 PPP1CA 
                 ENSG00000172531 
                 Protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme 
               
               
                 PPT1 
                 ENSG00000131238 
                 Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 
               
               
                 PPT2 
                 ENSG00000221988 
                 Palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 2 
               
               
                 PPY 
                 ENSG00000108849 
                 Pancreatic polypeptide 
               
               
                 PRAC2 
                 ENSG00000229637 
                 Prostate cancer susceptibility candidate 2 
               
               
                 PRADC1 
                 ENSG00000135617 
                 Protease-associated domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PRAP1 
                 ENSG00000165828 
                 Proline-rich acidic protein 1 
               
               
                 PRB1 
                 ENSG00000251655 
                 Proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 1 
               
               
                 PRB2 
                 ENSG00000121335 
                 Proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 2 
               
               
                 PRB3 
                 ENSG00000197870 
                 Proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 3 
               
               
                 PRB4 
                 ENSG00000230657 
                 Proline-rich protein BstNI subfamily 4 
               
               
                 PRCD 
                 ENSG00000214140 
                 Progressive rod-cone degeneration 
               
               
                 PRCP 
                 ENSG00000137509 
                 Prolylcalboxypeptidase (angiotensinase C) 
               
               
                 PRDM12 
                 ENSG00000130711 
                 PR domain containing 12 
               
               
                 PRDX4 
                 ENSG00000123131 
                 Peroxiredoxin 4 
               
               
                 PRELP 
                 ENSG00000188783 
                 Proline/arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat protein 
               
               
                 PRF1 
                 ENSG00000180644 
                 Perforin 1 (pore forming protein) 
               
               
                 PRG2 
                 ENSG00000186652 
                 Proteoglycan 2, bone marrow (natural killer cell activator, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 eosinophil granule major basic protein) 
               
               
                 PRG3 
                 ENSG00000156575 
                 Proteoglycan 3 
               
               
                 PRG4 
                 ENSG00000116690 
                 Proteoglycan 4 
               
               
                 PRH1 
                 ENSG00000231887 
                 Proline-rich protein HaeIII subfamily 1 
               
               
                 PRH2 
                 ENSG00000134551 
                 Proline-rich protein HaeIII subfamily 2 
               
               
                 PRKAG1 
                 ENSG00000181929 
                 Protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 1 non-catalytic subunit 
               
               
                 PRKCSH 
                 ENSG00000130175 
                 Protein kinase C substrate 80K-H 
               
               
                 PRKD1 
                 ENSG00000184304 
                 Protein kinase D1 
               
               
                 PRL 
                 ENSG00000172179 
                 Prolactin 
               
               
                 PRLH 
                 ENSG00000071677 
                 Prolactin releasing hormone 
               
               
                 PRLR 
                 ENSG00000113494 
                 Prolactin receptor 
               
               
                 PRNP 
                 ENSG00000171867 
                 Prion protein 
               
               
                 PRNT 
                 ENSG00000180259 
                 Prion protein (testis specific) 
               
               
                 PROC 
                 ENSG00000115718 
                 Protein C (inactivator of coagulation factors Va and VIIIa) 
               
               
                 PROK1 
                 ENSG00000143125 
                 Prokineticin 1 
               
               
                 PROK2 
                 ENSG00000163421 
                 Prokineticin 2 
               
               
                 PROL1 
                 ENSG00000171199 
                 Proline rich, lacrimal 1 
               
               
                 PROM1 
                 ENSG00000007062 
                 Prominin 1 
               
               
                 PROS1 
                 ENSG00000184500 
                 Protein S (alpha) 
               
               
                 PROZ 
                 ENSG00000126231 
                 Protein Z, vitamin K-dependent plasma glycoprotein 
               
               
                 PRR27 
                 ENSG00000187533 
                 Proline rich 27 
               
               
                 PRR4 
                 ENSG00000111215 
                 Proline rich 4 (lacrimal) 
               
               
                 PRRG2 
                 ENSG00000126460 
                 Proline rich Gla (G-carboxyglutamic acid) 2 
               
               
                 PRRT3 
                 ENSG00000163704 
                 Proline-rich transmembrane protein 3 
               
               
                 PRRT4 
                 ENSG00000224940 
                 Proline-rich transmembrane protein 4 
               
               
                 PRSS1 
                 ENSG00000204983 
                 Protease, serine, 1 (trypsin 1) 
               
               
                 PRSS12 
                 ENSG00000164099 
                 Protease, serine, 12 (neurotrypsin, motopsin) 
               
               
                 PRSS16 
                 ENSG00000112812 
                 Protease, serine, 16 (thymus) 
               
               
                 PRSS2 
                 ENSG00000275896 
                 Protease, serine, 2 (trypsin 2) 
               
               
                 PRSS21 
                 ENSG00000007038 
                 Protease, serine, 21 (testisin) 
               
               
                 PRSS22 
                 ENSG00000005001 
                 Protease, serine, 22 
               
               
                 PRSS23 
                 ENSG00000150687 
                 Protease, serine, 23 
               
               
                 PRSS27 
                 ENSG00000172382 
                 Protease, serine 27 
               
               
                 PRSS3 
                 ENSG00000010438 
                 Protease, serine, 3 
               
               
                 PRSS33 
                 ENSG00000103355 
                 Protease, serine, 33 
               
               
                 PRSS35 
                 ENSG00000146250 
                 Protease, serine, 35 
               
               
                 PRSS36 
                 ENSG00000178226 
                 Protease, serine, 36 
               
               
                 PRSS37 
                 ENSG00000165076 
                 Protease, serine, 37 
               
               
                 PRSS38 
                 ENSG00000185888 
                 Protease, serine, 38 
               
               
                 PRSS42 
                 ENSG00000178055 
                 Protease, serine, 42 
               
               
                 PRSS48 
                 ENSG00000189099 
                 Protease, serine, 48 
               
               
                 PRSS50 
                 ENSG00000206549 
                 Protease, serine, 50 
               
               
                 PRSS53 
                 ENSG00000151006 
                 Protease, serine, 53 
               
               
                 PRSS54 
                 ENSG00000103023 
                 Protease, serine, 54 
               
               
                 PRSS55 
                 ENSG00000184647 
                 Protease, serine, 55 
               
               
                 PRSS56 
                 ENSG00000237412 
                 Protease, serine, 56 
               
               
                 PRSS57 
                 ENSG00000185198 
                 Protease, serine, 57 
               
               
                 PRSS58 
                 ENSG00000258223 
                 Protease, serine, 58 
               
               
                 PRSS8 
                 ENSG00000052344 
                 Protease, serine, 8 
               
               
                 PRTG 
                 ENSG00000166450 
                 Protogenin 
               
               
                 PRTN3 
                 ENSG00000196415 
                 Proteinase 3 
               
               
                 PSAP 
                 ENSG00000197746 
                 Prosaposin 
               
               
                 PSAPL1 
                 ENSG00000178597 
                 Prosaposin-like 1 (gene/pseudogene) 
               
               
                 PSG1 
                 ENSG00000231924 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1 
               
               
                 PSG11 
                 ENSG00000243130 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 11 
               
               
                 PSG2 
                 ENSG00000242221 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 
               
               
                 PSG3 
                 ENSG00000221826 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 3 
               
               
                 PSG4 
                 ENSG00000243137 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 4 
               
               
                 PSG5 
                 ENSG00000204941 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 5 
               
               
                 PSG6 
                 ENSG00000170848 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 6 
               
               
                 PSG7 
                 ENSG00000221878 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 7 (gene/pseudogene) 
               
               
                 PSG8 
                 ENSG00000124467 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 8 
               
               
                 PSG9 
                 ENSG00000183668 
                 Pregnancy specific beta-1-glycoprotein 9 
               
               
                 PSMD1 
                 ENSG00000173692 
                 Proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 1 
               
               
                 PSORS1C2 
                 ENSG00000204538 
                 Psoriasis susceptibility 1 candidate 2 
               
               
                 PSPN 
                 ENSG00000125650 
                 Persephin 
               
               
                 PTGDS 
                 ENSG00000107317 
                 Prostaglandin D2 synthase 21 kDa (brain) 
               
               
                 PTGIR 
                 ENSG00000160013 
                 Prostaglandin 12 (prostacyclin) receptor (IP) 
               
               
                 PTGS1 
                 ENSG00000095303 
                 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (prostaglandin G/H 
               
               
                   
                   
                 synthase and cyclooxygenase) 
               
               
                 PTGS2 
                 ENSG00000073756 
                 Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (prostaglandin G/H 
               
               
                   
                   
                 synthase and cyclooxygenase) 
               
               
                 PTH 
                 ENSG00000152266 
                 Parathyroid hormone 
               
               
                 PTH2 
                 ENSG00000142538 
                 Parathyroid hormone 2 
               
               
                 PTHLH 
                 ENSG00000087494 
                 Parathyroid hormone-like hormone 
               
               
                 PTK7 
                 ENSG00000112655 
                 Protein tyrosine kinase 7 (inactive) 
               
               
                 PTN 
                 ENSG00000105894 
                 Pleiotrophin 
               
               
                 PTPRA 
                 ENSG00000132670 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, A 
               
               
                 PTPRB 
                 ENSG00000127329 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, B 
               
               
                 PTPRC 
                 ENSG00000081237 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C 
               
               
                 PTPRCAP 
                 ENSG00000213402 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, C-associated protein 
               
               
                 PTPRD 
                 ENSG00000153707 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, D 
               
               
                 PTPRF 
                 ENSG00000142949 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, F 
               
               
                 PTPRJ 
                 ENSG00000149177 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, J 
               
               
                 PTPRO 
                 ENSG00000151490 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, O 
               
               
                 PTPRS 
                 ENSG00000105426 
                 Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, S 
               
               
                 PTTG1IP 
                 ENSG00000183255 
                 Pituitary tumor-transforming 1 interacting protein 
               
               
                 PTX3 
                 ENSG00000163661 
                 Pentraxin 3, long 
               
               
                 PTX4 
                 ENSG00000251692 
                 Pentraxin 4, long 
               
               
                 PVR 
                 ENSG00000073008 
                 Poliovirus receptor 
               
               
                 PVRL1 
                 ENSG00000110400 
                 Poliovirus receptor-related 1 (herpesvirus entry mediator C) 
               
               
                 PXDN 
                 ENSG00000130508 
                 Peroxidasin 
               
               
                 PXDNL 
                 ENSG00000147485 
                 Peroxidasin-like 
               
               
                 PXYLP1 
                 ENSG00000155893 
                 2-phosphoxylose phosphatase 1 
               
               
                 PYY 
                 ENSG00000131096 
                 Peptide YY 
               
               
                 PZP 
                 ENSG00000126838 
                 Pregnancy-zone protein 
               
               
                 QPCT 
                 ENSG00000115828 
                 Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase 
               
               
                 QPRT 
                 ENSG00000103485 
                 Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase 
               
               
                 QRFP 
                 ENSG00000188710 
                 Pyroglutamylated RFamide peptide 
               
               
                 QS0X1 
                 ENSG00000116260 
                 Quiescin Q6 sulfhydryl oxidase 1 
               
               
                 R3HDML 
                 ENSG00000101074 
                 R3H domain containing-like 
               
               
                 RAB26 
                 ENSG00000167964 
                 RAB26, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB36 
                 ENSG00000100228 
                 RAB36, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB9B 
                 ENSG00000123570 
                 RAB9B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAET1E 
                 ENSG00000164520 
                 Retinoic acid early transcript 1E 
               
               
                 RAET1G 
                 ENSG00000203722 
                 Retinoic acid early transcript 1G 
               
               
                 RAMP2 
                 ENSG00000131477 
                 Receptor (G protein-coupled) activity modifying protein 2 
               
               
                 RAPGEF5 
                 ENSG00000136237 
                 Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 5 
               
               
                 RARRES1 
                 ENSG00000118849 
                 Retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) 1 
               
               
                 RARRES2 
                 ENSG00000106538 
                 Retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) 2 
               
               
                 RASA2 
                 ENSG00000155903 
                 RAS p21 protein activator 2 
               
               
                 RBM3 
                 ENSG00000102317 
                 RNA binding motif (RNP1, RRM) protein 3 
               
               
                 RBP3 
                 ENSG00000265203 
                 Retinol binding protein 3, interstitial 
               
               
                 RBP4 
                 ENSG00000138207 
                 Retinol binding protein 4, plasma 
               
               
                 RCN1 
                 ENSG00000049449 
                 Reticulocalbin 1, EF-hand calcium binding domain 
               
               
                 RCN2 
                 ENSG00000117906 
                 Reticulocalbin 2, EF-hand calcium binding domain 
               
               
                 RCN3 
                 ENSG00000142552 
                 Reticulocalbin 3, EF-hand calcium binding domain 
               
               
                 RCOR1 
                 ENSG00000089902 
                 REST corepressor 1 
               
               
                 RDH11 
                 ENSG00000072042 
                 Retinol dehydrogenase 11 (all-trans/9-cis/11-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH12 
                 ENSG00000139988 
                 Retinol dehydrogenase 12 (all-trans/9-cis/11-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH13 
                 ENSG00000160439 
                 Retinol dehydrogenase 13 (all-trans/9-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH5 
                 ENSG00000135437 
                 Retinol dehydrogenase 5 (11-cis/9-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH8 
                 ENSG00000080511 
                 Retinol dehydrogenase 8 (all-trans) 
               
               
                 REG1A 
                 ENSG00000115386 
                 Regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha 
               
               
                 REG1B 
                 ENSG00000172023 
                 Regenerating islet-derived 1 beta 
               
               
                 REG3A 
                 ENSG00000172016 
                 Regenerating islet-derived 3 alpha 
               
               
                 REG3G 
                 ENSG00000143954 
                 Regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma 
               
               
                 REG4 
                 ENSG00000134193 
                 Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 
               
               
                 RELN 
                 ENSG00000189056 
                 Reelin 
               
               
                 RELT 
                 ENSG00000054967 
                 RELT tumor necrosis factor receptor 
               
               
                 REN 
                 ENSG00000143839 
                 Renin 
               
               
                 REPIN1 
                 ENSG00000214022 
                 Replication initiator 1 
               
               
                 REPS2 
                 ENSG00000169891 
                 RALBP1 associated Eps domain containing 2 
               
               
                 RET 
                 ENSG00000165731 
                 Ret proto-oncogene 
               
               
                 RETN 
                 ENSG00000104918 
                 Resistin 
               
               
                 RETNLB 
                 ENSG00000163515 
                 Resistin like beta 
               
               
                 RETSAT 
                 ENSG00000042445 
                 Retinol saturase (all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase) 
               
               
                 RFNG 
                 ENSG00000169733 
                 RFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 
               
               
                 RGCC 
                 ENSG00000102760 
                 Regulator of cell cycle 
               
               
                 RGL4 
                 ENSG00000159496 
                 Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 4 
               
               
                 RGMA 
                 ENSG00000182175 
                 Repulsive guidance molecule family member a 
               
               
                 RGMB 
                 ENSG00000174136 
                 Repulsive guidance molecule family member b 
               
               
                 RHOQ 
                 ENSG00000119729 
                 Ras homolog family member Q 
               
               
                 RIC3 
                 ENSG00000166405 
                 RIC3 acetylcholine receptor chaperone 
               
               
                 RIMS1 
                 ENSG00000079841 
                 Regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 1 
               
               
                 RIPPLY1 
                 ENSG00000147223 
                 Ripply transcriptional repressor 1 
               
               
                 RLN1 
                 ENSG00000107018 
                 Relaxin 1 
               
               
                 RLN2 
                 ENSG00000107014 
                 Relaxin 2 
               
               
                 RLN3 
                 ENSG00000171136 
                 Relaxin 3 
               
               
                 RMDN1 
                 ENSG00000176623 
                 Regulator of microtubule dynamics 1 
               
               
                 RNASE1 
                 ENSG00000129538 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 1 (pancreatic) 
               
               
                 RNASE10 
                 ENSG00000182545 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 10 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASEll 
                 ENSG00000173464 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 11 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASE12 
                 ENSG00000258436 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 12 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASE13 
                 ENSG00000206150 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 13 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASE2 
                 ENSG00000169385 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 2 (liver, eosinophil-derived 
               
               
                   
                   
                 neurotoxin) 
               
               
                 RNASE3 
                 ENSG00000169397 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 3 
               
               
                 RNASE4 
                 ENSG00000258818 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 4 
               
               
                 RNASE6 
                 ENSG00000169413 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, k6 
               
               
                 RNASE7 
                 ENSG00000165799 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 7 
               
               
                 RNASE8 
                 ENSG00000173431 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 8 
               
               
                 RNASE9 
                 ENSG00000188655 
                 Ribonuclease, RNase A family, 9 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASEH1 
                 ENSG00000171865 
                 Ribonuclease H1 
               
               
                 RNASET2 
                 ENSG00000026297 
                 Ribonuclease T2 
               
               
                 RNF146 
                 ENSG00000118518 
                 Ring finger protein 146 
               
               
                 RNF148 
                 ENSG00000235631 
                 Ring finger protein 148 
               
               
                 RNF150 
                 ENSG00000170153 
                 Ring finger protein 150 
               
               
                 RNF167 
                 ENSG00000108523 
                 Ring finger protein 167 
               
               
                 RNF220 
                 ENSG00000187147 
                 Ring finger protein 220 
               
               
                 RNF34 
                 ENSG00000170633 
                 Ring finger protein 34, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 
               
               
                 RNLS 
                 ENSG00000184719 
                 Renalase, FAD-dependent amine oxidase 
               
               
                 RNPEP 
                 ENSG00000176393 
                 Arginyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase B) 
               
               
                 ROR1 
                 ENSG00000185483 
                 Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 
               
               
                 RP11-1236K1.1 
                 ENSG00000233050 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-14J7.7 
                 ENSG00000259060 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-196G11.1 
                 ENSG00000255439 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-350014.18 
                 ENSG00000261793 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-520P18.5 
                 ENSG00000261667 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-812E19.9 
                 ENSG00000259680 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-903H12.5 
                 ENSG00000259171 
                   
               
               
                 RP11-977G19.10 
                 ENSG00000144785 
                   
               
               
                 RP4-576H24.4 
                 ENSG00000260861 
                   
               
               
                 RP4-608015.3 
                 ENSG00000276911 
                 Complement factor H-related protein 2 
               
               
                 RPL3 
                 ENSG00000100316 
                 Ribosomal protein L3 
               
               
                 RPLP2 
                 ENSG00000177600 
                 Ribosomal protein, large, P2 
               
               
                 RPN2 
                 ENSG00000118705 
                 Ribophorin II 
               
               
                 RPS27L 
                 ENSG00000185088 
                 Ribosomal protein S27-like 
               
               
                 RQCD1 
                 ENSG00000144580 
                 RCD1 required for cell differentiationl homolog ( S. pombe ) 
               
               
                 RS1 
                 ENSG00000102104 
                 Retinoschisin 1 
               
               
                 RSF1 
                 ENSG00000048649 
                 Remodeling and spacing factor 1 
               
               
                 RSPO1 
                 ENSG00000169218 
                 R-spondin 1 
               
               
                 RSPO2 
                 ENSG00000147655 
                 R-spondin 2 
               
               
                 RSPO3 
                 ENSG00000146374 
                 R-spondin 3 
               
               
                 RSPO4 
                 ENSG00000101282 
                 R-spondin 4 
               
               
                 RSPRY1 
                 ENSG00000159579 
                 Ring finger and SPRY domain containing 1 
               
               
                 RTBDN 
                 ENSG00000132026 
                 Retbindin 
               
               
                 RTN4RL1 
                 ENSG00000185924 
                 Reticulon 4 receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 RTN4RL2 
                 ENSG00000186907 
                 Reticulon 4 receptor-like 2 
               
               
                 SAA1 
                 ENSG00000173432 
                 Serum amyloid A1 
               
               
                 SAA2 
                 ENSG00000134339 
                 Serum amyloid A2 
               
               
                 SAA4 
                 ENSG00000148965 
                 Serum amyloid A4, constitutive 
               
               
                 SAP30 
                 ENSG00000164105 
                 Sin3A-associated protein, 30 kDa 
               
               
                 SAR1A 
                 ENSG00000079332 
                 Secretion associated, Ras related GTPase 1A 
               
               
                 SARAF 
                 ENSG00000133872 
                 Store-operated calcium entry-associated regulatory factor 
               
               
                 SARM1 
                 ENSG00000004139 
                 Sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 
               
               
                 SATB1 
                 ENSG00000182568 
                 SATB homeobox 1 
               
               
                 SAXO2 
                 ENSG00000188659 
                 Stabilizer of axonemal microtubules 2 
               
               
                 SBSN 
                 ENSG00000189001 
                 Suprabasin 
               
               
                 SBSPON 
                 ENSG00000164764 
                 Somatomedin B and thrombospondin, type 1 domain containing 
               
               
                 SCARF1 
                 ENSG00000074660 
                 Scavenger receptor class F, member 1 
               
               
                 SCG2 
                 ENSG00000171951 
                 Secretogranin II 
               
               
                 SCG3 
                 ENSG00000104112 
                 Secretogranin III 
               
               
                 SCG5 
                 ENSG00000166922 
                 Secretogranin V 
               
               
                 SCGB1A1 
                 ENSG00000149021 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1A, member 1 (uteroglobin) 
               
               
                 SCGB1C1 
                 ENSG00000188076 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1C, member 1 
               
               
                 SCGB1C2 
                 ENSG00000268320 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1C, member 2 
               
               
                 SCGB1D1 
                 ENSG00000168515 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1D, member 1 
               
               
                 SCGB1D2 
                 ENSG00000124935 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1D, member 2 
               
               
                 SCGB1D4 
                 ENSG00000197745 
                 Secretoglobin, family 1D, member 4 
               
               
                 SCGB2A1 
                 ENSG00000124939 
                 Secretoglobin, family 2A, member 1 
               
               
                 SCGB2A2 
                 ENSG00000110484 
                 Secretoglobin, family 2A, member 2 
               
               
                 SCGB2B2 
                 ENSG00000205209 
                 Secretoglobin, family 2B, member 2 
               
               
                 SCGB3A1 
                 ENSG00000161055 
                 Secretoglobin, family 3A, member 1 
               
               
                 SCGB3A2 
                 ENSG00000164265 
                 Secretoglobin, family 3A, member 2 
               
               
                 SCN1B 
                 ENSG00000105711 
                 Sodium channel, voltage gated, type I beta subunit 
               
               
                 SCN3B 
                 ENSG00000166257 
                 Sodium channel, voltage gated, type III beta subunit 
               
               
                 SCPEP1 
                 ENSG00000121064 
                 Serine calboxypeptidase 1 
               
               
                 SCRG1 
                 ENSG00000164106 
                 Stimulator of chondrogenesis 1 
               
               
                 SCT 
                 ENSG00000070031 
                 Secretin 
               
               
                 SCUBE1 
                 ENSG00000159307 
                 Signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 1 
               
               
                 SCUBE2 
                 ENSG00000175356 
                 Signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 2 
               
               
                 SCUBE3 
                 ENSG00000146197 
                 Signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 3 
               
               
                 SDC1 
                 ENSG00000115884 
                 Syndecan 1 
               
               
                 SDF2 
                 ENSG00000132581 
                 Stromal cell-derived factor 2 
               
               
                 SDF2L1 
                 ENSG00000128228 
                 Stromal cell-derived factor 2-like 1 
               
               
                 SDF4 
                 ENSG00000078808 
                 Stromal cell derived factor 4 
               
               
                 SDHAF2 
                 ENSG00000167985 
                 Succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 2 
               
               
                 SDHAF4 
                 ENSG00000154079 
                 Succinate dehydrogenase complex assembly factor 4 
               
               
                 SDHB 
                 ENSG00000117118 
                 Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit B, iron sulfur (Ip) 
               
               
                 SDHD 
                 ENSG00000204370 
                 Succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit D, integral 
               
               
                   
                   
                 membrane protein 
               
               
                 SEC14L3 
                 ENSG00000100012 
                 SEC14-like lipid binding 3 
               
               
                 SEC16A 
                 ENSG00000148396 
                 SEC16 homolog A, endoplasmic reticulum export factor 
               
               
                 SEC16B 
                 ENSG00000120341 
                 SEC16 homolog B, endoplasmic reticulum export factor 
               
               
                 SEC22C 
                 ENSG00000093183 
                 SEC22 homolog C, vesicle trafficking protein 
               
               
                 SEC31A 
                 ENSG00000138674 
                 SEC31 homolog A, COPII coat complex component 
               
               
                 SECISBP2 
                 ENSG00000187742 
                 SECIS binding protein 2 
               
               
                 SECTM1 
                 ENSG00000141574 
                 Secreted and transmembrane 1 
               
               
                 SEL1L 
                 ENSG00000071537 
                 Sel-1 suppressor of lin-12-like ( C. elegans ) 
               
               
                 SELM 
                 ENSG00000198832 
                 Selenoprotein M 
               
               
                 SELO 
                 ENSG00000073169 
                 Selenoprotein O 
               
               
                 SEMA3A 
                 ENSG00000075213 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3A 
               
               
                 SEMA3B 
                 ENSG00000012171 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3B 
               
               
                 SEMA3C 
                 ENSG00000075223 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3C 
               
               
                 SEMA3E 
                 ENSG00000170381 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3E 
               
               
                 SEMA3F 
                 ENSG00000001617 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3F 
               
               
                 SEMA3G 
                 ENSG00000010319 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 secreted, (semaphorin) 3G 
               
               
                 SEMA4A 
                 ENSG00000196189 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4A 
               
               
                 SEMA4B 
                 ENSG00000185033 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4B 
               
               
                 SEMA4C 
                 ENSG00000168758 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4C 
               
               
                 SEMA4D 
                 ENSG00000187764 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4D 
               
               
                 SEMA4F 
                 ENSG00000135622 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4F 
               
               
                 SEMA4G 
                 ENSG00000095539 
                 Sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4G 
               
               
                 SEMA5A 
                 ENSG00000112902 
                 Sema domain, seven thrombospondin repeats (type 1 and type 1- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 like), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain, (semaphorin) 5A 
               
               
                 SEMA6A 
                 ENSG00000092421 
                 Sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain, (semaphorin) 6A 
               
               
                 SEMA6C 
                 ENSG00000143434 
                 Sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain, (semaphorin) 6C 
               
               
                 SEMA6D 
                 ENSG00000137872 
                 Sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and cytoplasmic 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain, (semaphorin) 6D 
               
               
                 SEMG1 
                 ENSG00000124233 
                 Semenogelin I 
               
               
                 SEMG2 
                 ENSG00000124157 
                 Semenogelin II 
               
               
                 15-Sep 
                 ENSG00000183291 
                 15 kDa selenoprotein 
               
               
                 SEPN1 
                 ENSG00000162430 
                 Selenoprotein N, 1 
               
               
                 SEPP1 
                 ENSG00000250722 
                 Selenoprotein P, plasma, 1 
               
               
                 9-Sep 
                 ENSG00000184640 
                 Septin 9 
               
               
                 SERPINA1 
                 ENSG00000197249 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINA10 
                 ENSG00000140093 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 10 
               
               
                 SERPINA11 
                 ENSG00000186910 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 11 
               
               
                 SERPINA12 
                 ENSG00000165953 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 12 
               
               
                 SERPINA3 
                 ENSG00000196136 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 3 
               
               
                 SERPINA3 
                 ENSG00000273259 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 3 
               
               
                 SERPINA4 
                 ENSG00000100665 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 4 
               
               
                 SERPINA5 
                 ENSG00000188488 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 5 
               
               
                 SERPINA6 
                 ENSG00000170099 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 6 
               
               
                 SERPINA7 
                 ENSG00000123561 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 7 
               
               
                 SERPINA9 
                 ENSG00000170054 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A (alpha-1 antiproteinase, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antitrypsin), member 9 
               
               
                 SERPINB2 
                 ENSG00000197632 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 2 
               
               
                 SERPINC1 
                 ENSG00000117601 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade C (antithrombin), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPIND1 
                 ENSG00000099937 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade D (heparin cofactor), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINE1 
                 ENSG00000106366 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen 
               
               
                   
                   
                 activator inhibitor type 1), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINE2 
                 ENSG00000135919 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen 
               
               
                   
                   
                 activator inhibitor type 1), member 2 
               
               
                 SERPINE3 
                 ENSG00000253309 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen 
               
               
                   
                   
                 activator inhibitor type 1), member 3 
               
               
                 SERPINF1 
                 ENSG00000132386 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade F (alpha-2 antiplasmin, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 pigment epithelium derived factor), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINF2 
                 ENSG00000167711 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade F (alpha-2 antiplasmin, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 pigment epithelium derived factor), member 2 
               
               
                 SERPING1 
                 ENSG00000149131 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade G (C1 inhibitor), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINH1 
                 ENSG00000149257 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade H (heat shock protein 47), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member 1, (collagen binding protein 1) 
               
               
                 SERPINI1 
                 ENSG00000163536 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade I (neuroserpin), member 1 
               
               
                 SERPINI2 
                 ENSG00000114204 
                 Serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade I (pancpin), member 2 
               
               
                 SETD8 
                 ENSG00000183955 
                 SET domain containing (lysine methyltransferase) 8 
               
               
                 SEZ6L2 
                 ENSG00000174938 
                 Seizure related 6 homolog (mouse)-like 2 
               
               
                 SFRP1 
                 ENSG00000104332  
                 Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 
               
               
                 SFRP2 
                 ENSG00000145423 
                 Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 
               
               
                 SFRP4 
                 ENSG00000106483 
                 Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 
               
               
                 SFRP5 
                 ENSG00000120057 
                 Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 
               
               
                 SFTA2 
                 ENSG00000196260 
                 Surfactant associated 2 
               
               
                 SFTPA1 
                 ENSG00000122852 
                 Surfactant protein Al 
               
               
                 SFTPA2 
                 ENSG00000185303 
                 Surfactant protein A2 
               
               
                 SFTPB 
                 ENSG00000168878 
                 Surfactant protein B 
               
               
                 SFTPD 
                 ENSG00000133661 
                 Surfactant protein D 
               
               
                 SFXN5 
                 ENSG00000144040 
                 Sideroflexin 5 
               
               
                 SGCA 
                 ENSG00000108823 
                 Sarcoglycan, alpha (50 kDa dystrophin-associated glycoprotein) 
               
               
                 SGSH 
                 ENSG00000181523 
                 N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase 
               
               
                 SH3RF3 
                 ENSG00000172985 
                 SH3 domain containing ring finger 3 
               
               
                 SHBG 
                 ENSG00000129214 
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                 SHE 
                 ENSG00000169291 
                 Src homology 2 domain containing E 
               
               
                 SHH 
                 ENSG00000164690 
                 Sonic hedgehog 
               
               
                 SHKBP1 
                 ENSG00000160410 
                 SH3KBP1 binding protein 1 
               
               
                 SIAE 
                 ENSG00000110013 
                 Sialic acid acetylesterase 
               
               
                 SIDT2 
                 ENSG00000149577 
                 SIDI_ transmembrane family, member 2 
               
               
                 SIGLEC10 
                 ENSG00000142512 
                 Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 10 
               
               
                 SIGLEC6 
                 ENSG00000105492 
                 Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 6 
               
               
                 SIGLEC7 
                 ENSG00000168995 
                 Sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 7 
               
               
                 SIGLECL1 
                 ENSG00000179213 
                 SIGLEC family like 1 
               
               
                 SIGMAR1 
                 ENSG00000147955 
                 Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 
               
               
                 SIL1 
                 ENSG00000120725 
                 SIL1 nucleotide exchange factor 
               
               
                 SIRPB1 
                 ENSG00000101307 
                 Signal-regulatory protein beta 1 
               
               
                 SIRPD 
                 ENSG00000125900 
                 Signal-regulatory protein delta 
               
               
                 SLAMF1 
                 ENSG00000117090 
                 Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family member 1 
               
               
                 SLAMF7 
                 ENSG00000026751 
                 SLAM family member 7 
               
               
                 SLC10A3 
                 ENSG00000126903 
                 Solute carrier family 10, member 3 
               
               
                 SLC15A3 
                 ENSG00000110446 
                 Solute carrier family 15 (oligopeptide transporter), member 3 
               
               
                 SLC25A14 
                 ENSG00000102078 
                 Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, brain), member 
               
               
                   
                   
                 14 
               
               
                 SLC25A25 
                 ENSG00000148339 
                 Solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; phosphate 
               
               
                   
                   
                 carrier), member 25 
               
               
                 SLC2A5 
                 ENSG00000142583 
                 Solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose/fructose transporter), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member 5 
               
               
                 SLC35E3 
                 ENSG00000175782 
                 Solute carrier family 35, member E3 
               
               
                 SLC39A10 
                 ENSG00000196950 
                 Solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 10 
               
               
                 SLC39A14 
                 ENSG00000104635 
                 Solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 14 
               
               
                 SLC39A4 
                 ENSG00000147804 
                 Solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 4 
               
               
                 SLC39A5 
                 ENSG00000139540 
                 Solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 5 
               
               
                 SLC3A1 
                 ENSG00000138079 
                 Solute carrier family 3 (amino acid transporter heavy chain), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member 1 
               
               
                 SLC51A 
                 ENSG00000163959 
                 Solute carrier family 51, alpha subunit 
               
               
                 SLC52A2 
                 ENSG00000185803 
                 Solute carrier family 52 (riboflavin transporter), member 2 
               
               
                 SLC5A6 
                 ENSG00000138074 
                 Solute carrier family 5 (sodium/multivitamin and iodide 
               
               
                   
                   
                 cotransporter), member 6 
               
               
                 SLC6A9 
                 ENSG00000196517 
                 Solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, glycine), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member 9 
               
               
                 SLC8A1 
                 ENSG00000183023 
                 Solute carrier family 8 (sodium/calcium exchanger), member 1 
               
               
                 SLC8B1 
                 ENSG00000089060 
                 Solute carrier family 8 (sodium/lithium/calcium exchanger), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 member B1 
               
               
                 SLC9A6 
                 ENSG00000198689 
                 Solute carrier family 9, subfamily A (NHE6, cation proton 
               
               
                   
                   
                 antiporter 6), member 6 
               
               
                 SLCO1A2 
                 ENSG00000084453 
                 Solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 1A2 
               
               
                 SLIT1 
                 ENSG00000187122 
                 Slit guidance ligand 1 
               
               
                 SLIT2 
                 ENSG00000145147 
                 Slit guidance ligand 2 
               
               
                 SLIT3 
                 ENSG00000184347 
                 Slit guidance ligand 3 
               
               
                 SLITRK3 
                 ENSG00000121871 
                 SLIT and NTRK-like family, member 3 
               
               
                 SLPI 
                 ENSG00000124107 
                 Secretory leukocyte peptidase inhibitor 
               
               
                 SLTM 
                 ENSG00000137776 
                 SAFB-like, transcription modulator 
               
               
                 SLURP1 
                 ENSG00000126233 
                 Secreted LY6/PLAUR domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SMARCA2 
                 ENSG00000080503 
                 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator 
               
               
                   
                   
                 of chromatin, subfamily a, member 2 
               
               
                 SMG6 
                 ENSG00000070366 
                 SMG6 nonsense mediated mRNA decay factor 
               
               
                 SMIM7 
                 ENSG00000214046 
                 Small integral membrane protein 7 
               
               
                 SMOC1 
                 ENSG00000198732 
                 SPARC related modular calcium binding 1 
               
               
                 SMOC2 
                 ENSG00000112562 
                 SPARC related modular calcium binding 2 
               
               
                 SMPDL3A 
                 ENSG00000172594 
                 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, acid-like 3A 
               
               
                 SMPDL3B 
                 ENSG00000130768 
                 Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase, acid-like 3B 
               
               
                 SMR3A 
                 ENSG00000109208 
                 Submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3A 
               
               
                 SMR3B 
                 ENSG00000171201 
                 Submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B 
               
               
                 SNED1 
                 ENSG00000162804 
                 Sushi, nidogen and EGF-like domains 1 
               
               
                 SNTB1 
                 ENSG00000172164 
                 Syntrophin, beta 1 (dystrophin-associated protein A1, 59 kDa, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 basic component 1) 
               
               
                 SNTB2 
                 ENSG00000168807 
                 Syntrophin, beta 2 (dystrophin-associated protein A1, 59 kDa, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 basic component 2) 
               
               
                 SNX14 
                 ENSG00000135317 
                 Sorting nexin 14 
               
               
                 SOD3 
                 ENSG00000109610 
                 Superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular 
               
               
                 SOST 
                 ENSG00000167941 
                 Sclerostin 
               
               
                 SOSTDC1 
                 ENSG00000171243 
                 Sclerostin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SOWAHA 
                 ENSG00000198944 
                 Sosondowah ankyrin repeat domain family member A 
               
               
                 SPACA3 
                 ENSG00000141316 
                 Sperm acrosome associated 3 
               
               
                 SPACA4 
                 ENSG00000177202 
                 Sperm acrosome associated 4 
               
               
                 SPACA5 
                 ENSG00000171489 
                 Sperm acrosome associated 5 
               
               
                 SPACA5B 
                 ENSG00000171478 
                 Sperm acrosome associated 5B 
               
               
                 SPACA7 
                 ENSG00000153498 
                 Sperm acrosome associated 7 
               
               
                 SPAG11A 
                 ENSG00000178287 
                 Sperm associated antigen 11A 
               
               
                 SPAG11B 
                 ENSG00000164871 
                 Sperm associated antigen 11B 
               
               
                 SPARC 
                 ENSG00000113140 
                 Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich (osteonectin) 
               
               
                 SPARCL1 
                 ENSG00000152583 
                 SPARC-like 1 (hevin) 
               
               
                 SPATA20 
                 ENSG00000006282 
                 Spermatogenesis associated 20 
               
               
                 SPESP1 
                 ENSG00000258484 
                 Sperm equatorial segment protein 1 
               
               
                 SPINK1 
                 ENSG00000164266 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 1 
               
               
                 SPINK13 
                 ENSG00000214510 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 13 (putative) 
               
               
                 SPINK14 
                 ENSG00000196800 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 14 (putative) 
               
               
                 SPINK2 
                 ENSG00000128040 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 2 (acrosin-trypsin 
               
               
                   
                   
                 inhibitor) 
               
               
                 SPINK4 
                 ENSG00000122711 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 4 
               
               
                 SPINK5 
                 ENSG00000133710 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 5 
               
               
                 SPINK6 
                 ENSG00000178172 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 6 
               
               
                 SPINK7 
                 ENSG00000145879 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 7 (putative) 
               
               
                 SPINK8 
                 ENSG00000229453 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 8 (putative) 
               
               
                 SPINK9 
                 ENSG00000204909 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 9 
               
               
                 SPINT1 
                 ENSG00000166145 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 1 
               
               
                 SPINT2 
                 ENSG00000167642 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type, 2 
               
               
                 SPINT3 
                 ENSG00000101446 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type, 3 
               
               
                 SPINT4 
                 ENSG00000149651 
                 Serine peptidase inhibitor, Kunitz type 4 
               
               
                 SPOCK1 
                 ENSG00000152377 
                 Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (testican) 1 
               
               
                 SPOCK2 
                 ENSG00000107742 
                 Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (testican) 2 
               
               
                 SPOCK3 
                 ENSG00000196104 
                 Sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains proteoglycan 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (testican) 3 
               
               
                 SPON1 
                 ENSG00000262655 
                 Spondin 1, extracellular matrix protein 
               
               
                 SPON2 
                 ENSG00000159674 
                 Spondin 2, extracellular matrix protein 
               
               
                 SPP1 
                 ENSG00000118785 
                 Secreted phosphoprotein 1 
               
               
                 SPP2 
                 ENSG00000072080 
                 Secreted phosphoprotein 2, 24 kDa 
               
               
                 SPRN 
                 ENSG00000203772 
                 Shadow of prion protein homolog (zebrafish) 
               
               
                 SPRYD3 
                 ENSG00000167778 
                 SPRY domain containing 3 
               
               
                 SPRYD4 
                 ENSG00000176422 
                 SPRY domain containing 4 
               
               
                 SPTY2D1-AS1 
                 ENSG00000247595 
                 SPTY2D1 antisense RNA 1 
               
               
                 SPX 
                 ENSG00000134548 
                 Spexin hormone 
               
               
                 SRGN 
                 ENSG00000122862 
                 Serglycin 
               
               
                 SRL 
                 ENSG00000185739 
                 Sarcalumenin 
               
               
                 SRP14 
                 ENSG00000140319 
                 Signal recognition particle 14 kDa (homologous Alu RNA 
               
               
                   
                   
                 binding protein) 
               
               
                 SRPX 
                 ENSG00000101955 
                 Sushi-repeat containing protein, X-linked 
               
               
                 SRPX2 
                 ENSG00000102359 
                 Sushi-repeat containing protein, X-linked 2 
               
               
                 SSC4D 
                 ENSG00000146700 
                 Scavenger receptor cysteine rich family, 4 domains 
               
               
                 SSC5D 
                 ENSG00000179954 
                 Scavenger receptor cysteine rich family, 5 domains 
               
               
                 SSPO 
                 ENSG00000197558 
                 SCO-spondin 
               
               
                 SSR2 
                 ENSG00000163479 
                 Signal sequence receptor, beta (translocon-associated protein 
               
               
                   
                   
                 beta) 
               
               
                 SST 
                 ENSG00000157005 
                 Somatostatin 
               
               
                 ST3GAL1 
                 ENSG00000008513 
                 ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 ST3GAL4 
                 ENSG00000110080 
                 ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 4 
               
               
                 ST6GAL1 
                 ENSG00000073849 
                 ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltranferase 1 
               
               
                 ST6GALNAC2 
                 ENSG00000070731 
                 ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 ST6GALNAC5 
                 ENSG00000117069 
                 ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 5 
               
               
                 ST6GALNAC6 
                 ENSG00000160408 
                 ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 6 
               
               
                 ST8SIA2 
                 ENSG00000140557 
                 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 ST8SIA4 
                 ENSG00000113532 
                 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 4 
               
               
                 ST8SIA6 
                 ENSG00000148488 
                 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase 6 
               
               
                 STARD7 
                 ENSG00000084090 
                 StAR-related lipid transfer (START) domain containing 7 
               
               
                 STATH 
                 ENSG00000126549 
                 Statherin 
               
               
                 STC1 
                 ENSG00000159167 
                 Stanniocalcin 1 
               
               
                 STC2 
                 ENSG00000113739 
                 Stanniocalcin 2 
               
               
                 STMND1 
                 ENSG00000230873 
                 Stathmin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 STOML2 
                 ENSG00000165283 
                 Stomatin (EPB72)-like 2 
               
               
                 STOX1 
                 ENSG00000165730 
                 Storkhead box 1 
               
               
                 STRC 
                 ENSG00000242866 
                 Stereocilin 
               
               
                 SUCLG1 
                 ENSG00000163541 
                 Succinate-CoA ligase, alpha subunit 
               
               
                 SUDS3 
                 ENSG00000111707 
                 SDS3 homolog, SIN3A corepressor complex component 
               
               
                 SULF1 
                 ENSG00000137573 
                 Sulfatase 1 
               
               
                 SULF2 
                 ENSG00000196562 
                 Sulfatase 2 
               
               
                 SUMF1 
                 ENSG00000144455 
                 Sulfatase modifying factor 1 
               
               
                 SUMF2 
                 ENSG00000129103 
                 Sulfatase modifying factor 2 
               
               
                 SUSD1 
                 ENSG00000106868 
                 Sushi domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SUSD5 
                 ENSG00000173705 
                 Sushi domain containing 5 
               
               
                 SVEP1 
                 ENSG00000165124 
                 Sushi, von Willebrand factor type A, EGF and pentraxin domain 
               
               
                   
                   
                 containing 1 
               
               
                 SWSAP1 
                 ENSG00000173928 
                 SWIM-type zinc finger 7 associated protein 1 
               
               
                 SYAP1 
                 ENSG00000169895 
                 Synapse associated protein 1 
               
               
                 SYCN 
                 ENSG00000179751 
                 Syncollin 
               
               
                 TAC1 
                 ENSG00000006128 
                 Tachykinin, precursor 1 
               
               
                 TAC3 
                 ENSG00000166863 
                 Tachykinin 3 
               
               
                 TAC4 
                 ENSG00000176358 
                 Tachykinin 4 (hemokinin) 
               
               
                 TAGLN2 
                 ENSG00000158710 
                 Transgelin 2 
               
               
                 TAPBP 
                 ENSG00000231925 
                 TAP binding protein (tapasin) 
               
               
                 TAPBPL 
                 ENSG00000139192 
                 TAP binding protein-like 
               
               
                 TBL2 
                 ENSG00000106638 
                 Transducin (beta)-like 2 
               
               
                 TBX10 
                 ENSG00000167800 
                 T-box 10 
               
               
                 TCF12 
                 ENSG00000140262 
                 Transcription factor 12 
               
               
                 TCN1 
                 ENSG00000134827 
                 Transcobalamin I (vitamin B12 binding protein, R binder 
               
               
                   
                   
                 family) 
               
               
                 TCN2 
                 ENSG00000185339 
                 Transcobalamin II 
               
               
                 TCTN1 
                 ENSG00000204852 
                 Tectonic family member 1 
               
               
                 TCTN3 
                 ENSG00000119977 
                 Tectonic family member 3 
               
               
                 TDP2 
                 ENSG00000111802 
                 Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 
               
               
                 TEK 
                 ENSG00000120156 
                 ILK tyrosine kinase, endothelial 
               
               
                 TEPP 
                 ENSG00000159648 
                 Testis, prostate and placenta expressed 
               
               
                 TEX101 
                 ENSG00000131126 
                 Testis expressed 101 
               
               
                 TEX264 
                 ENSG00000164081 
                 Testis expressed 264 
               
               
                 TF 
                 ENSG00000091513 
                 Transferrin 
               
               
                 TFAM 
                 ENSG00000108064 
                 Transcription factor A, mitochondrial 
               
               
                 TFF1 
                 ENSG00000160182 
                 Trefoil factor 1 
               
               
                 TFF2 
                 ENSG00000160181 
                 Trefoil factor 2 
               
               
                 TFF3 
                 ENSG00000160180 
                 Trefoil factor 3 (intestinal) 
               
               
                 TFPI 
                 ENSG00000003436 
                 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (lipoprotein-associated 
               
               
                   
                   
                 coagulation inhibitor) 
               
               
                 TFPI2 
                 ENSG00000105825 
                 Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 
               
               
                 TG 
                 ENSG00000042832 
                 Thyroglobulin 
               
               
                 TGFB1 
                 ENSG00000105329 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta 1 
               
               
                 TGFB2 
                 ENSG00000092969 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta 2 
               
               
                 TGFB3 
                 ENSG00000119699 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta 3 
               
               
                 TGFBI 
                 ENSG00000120708 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta-induced, 68 kDa 
               
               
                 TGFBR1 
                 ENSG00000106799 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta receptor 1 
               
               
                 TGFBR3 
                 ENSG00000069702 
                 Transforming growth factor, beta receptor III 
               
               
                 THBS1 
                 ENSG00000137801 
                 Thrombospondin 1 
               
               
                 THBS2 
                 ENSG00000186340 
                 Thrombospondin 2 
               
               
                 THBS3 
                 ENSG00000169231 
                 Thrombospondin 3 
               
               
                 THBS4 
                 ENSG00000113296 
                 Thrombospondin 4 
               
               
                 THOC3 
                 ENSG00000051596 
                 THO complex 3 
               
               
                 THPO 
                 ENSG00000090534 
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                 THSD4 
                 ENSG00000187720 
                 Thrombospondin, type I, domain containing 4 
               
               
                 THY1 
                 ENSG00000154096 
                 Thy-1 cell surface antigen 
               
               
                 TIE1 
                 ENSG00000066056 
                 Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domains 1 
               
               
                 TIMMDC1 
                 ENSG00000113845 
                 Translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane domain 
               
               
                   
                   
                 containing 1 
               
               
                 TIMP1 
                 ENSG00000102265 
                 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 
               
               
                 TIMP2 
                 ENSG00000035862 
                 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2 
               
               
                 TIMP3 
                 ENSG00000100234 
                 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3 
               
               
                 TIMP4 
                 ENSG00000157150 
                 TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 4 
               
               
                 TINAGL1 
                 ENSG00000142910 
                 Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen-like 1 
               
               
                 TINF2 
                 ENSG00000092330 
                 TERF1 (TRF1)-interacting nuclear factor 2 
               
               
                 TLL2 
                 ENSG00000095587 
                 Tolloid-like 2 
               
               
                 TLR1 
                 ENSG00000174125 
                 Toll-like receptor 1 
               
               
                 TLR3 
                 ENSG00000164342 
                 Toll-like receptor 3 
               
               
                 TM2D2 
                 ENSG00000169490 
                 TM2 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 TM2D3 
                 ENSG00000184277 
                 TM2 domain containing 3 
               
               
                 TM7SF3 
                 ENSG00000064115 
                 Transmembrane 7 superfamily member 3 
               
               
                 TM9SF1 
                 ENSG00000100926 
                 Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 1 
               
               
                 TMC06 
                 ENSG00000113119 
                 Transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 6 
               
               
                 TMED1 
                 ENSG00000099203 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 1 
               
               
                 TMED2 
                 ENSG00000086598 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 2 
               
               
                 TMED3 
                 ENSG00000166557 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 3 
               
               
                 TMED4 
                 ENSG00000158604 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 4 
               
               
                 TMED5 
                 ENSG00000117500 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 5 
               
               
                 TMED7 
                 ENSG00000134970 
                 Transmembrane p24 trafficking protein 7 
               
               
                 TMED7-TICAM2 
                 ENSG00000251201 
                 TMED7-TICAM2 readthrough 
               
               
                 TMEM108 
                 ENSG00000144868 
                 Transmembrane protein 108 
               
               
                 TMEM116 
                 ENSG00000198270 
                 Transmembrane protein 116 
               
               
                 TMEM119 
                 ENSG00000183160 
                 Transmembrane protein 119 
               
               
                 TMEM155 
                 ENSG00000164112 
                 Transmembrane protein 155 
               
               
                 TMEM168 
                 ENSG00000146802 
                 Transmembrane protein 168 
               
               
                 TMEM178A 
                 ENSG00000152154 
                 Transmembrane protein 178A 
               
               
                 TMEM179 
                 ENSG00000258986 
                 Transmembrane protein 179 
               
               
                 TMEM196 
                 ENSG00000173452 
                 Transmembrane protein 196 
               
               
                 TMEM199 
                 ENSG00000244045 
                 Transmembrane protein 199 
               
               
                 TMEM205 
                 ENSG00000105518 
                 Transmembrane protein 205 
               
               
                 TMEM213 
                 ENSG00000214128 
                 Transmembrane protein 213 
               
               
                 TMEM25 
                 ENSG00000149582 
                 Transmembrane protein 25 
               
               
                 TMEM30C 
                 ENSG00000235156 
                 Transmembrane protein 30C 
               
               
                 TMEM38B 
                 ENSG00000095209 
                 Transmembrane protein 38B 
               
               
                 TMEM44 
                 ENSG00000145014 
                 Transmembrane protein 44 
               
               
                 TMEM52 
                 ENSG00000178821 
                 Transmembrane protein 52 
               
               
                 TMEM52B 
                 ENSG00000165685 
                 Transmembrane protein 52B 
               
               
                 TMEM59 
                 ENSG00000116209 
                 Transmembrane protein 59 
               
               
                 TMEM67 
                 ENSG00000164953 
                 Transmembrane protein 67 
               
               
                 TMEM70 
                 ENSG00000175606 
                 Transmembrane protein 70 
               
               
                 TMEM87A 
                 ENSG00000103978 
                 Transmembrane protein 87A 
               
               
                 TMEM94 
                 ENSG00000177728 
                 Transmembrane protein 94 
               
               
                 TMEM95 
                 ENSG00000182896 
                 Transmembrane protein 95 
               
               
                 TMIGD1 
                 ENSG00000182271 
                 Transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 TMPRSS12 
                 ENSG00000186452 
                 Transmembrane (C-terminal) protease, serine 12 
               
               
                 TMPRSS5 
                 ENSG00000166682 
                 Transmembrane protease, serine 5 
               
               
                 TMUB1 
                 ENSG00000164897 
                 Transmembrane and ubiquitin-like domain containing 1 
               
               
                 TMX2 
                 ENSG00000213593 
                 Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 
               
               
                 TMX3 
                 ENSG00000166479 
                 Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 3 
               
               
                 TNC 
                 ENSG00000041982 
                 Tenascin C 
               
               
                 TNFAIP6 
                 ENSG00000123610 
                 Tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 6 
               
               
                 TNFRSF11A 
                 ENSG00000141655 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11a, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 NFKB activator 
               
               
                 TNFRSF11B 
                 ENSG00000164761 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11b 
               
               
                 TNFRSF12A 
                 ENSG00000006327 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 12A 
               
               
                 TNFRSF14 
                 ENSG00000157873 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 14 
               
               
                 TNFRSF18 
                 ENSG00000186891 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18 
               
               
                 TNFRSF1A 
                 ENSG00000067182 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member lA 
               
               
                 TNFRSF1B 
                 ENSG00000028137 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B 
               
               
                 TNFRSF25 
                 ENSG00000215788 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 25 
               
               
                 TNFRSF6B 
                 ENSG00000243509 
                 Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 6b, decoy 
               
               
                 TNFSF11 
                 ENSG00000120659 
                 Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11 
               
               
                 TNFSF12 
                 ENSG00000239697 
                 Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 12 
               
               
                 TNFSF12- 
                 ENSG00000248871 
                 TNFSF12-TNFSF13 readthrough 
               
               
                 TNFSF13 
                   
                   
               
               
                 TNFSF15 
                 ENSG00000181634 
                 Tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 15 
               
               
                 TNN 
                 ENSG00000120332 
                 Tenascin N 
               
               
                 TNR 
                 ENSG00000116147 
                 Tenascin R 
               
               
                 TNXB 
                 ENSG00000168477 
                 Tenascin XB 
               
               
                 TOMM7 
                 ENSG00000196683 
                 Translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7 homolog  
               
               
                   
                   
                 (yeast) 
               
               
                 TOP1MT 
                 ENSG00000184428 
                 Topoisomerase (DNA) I, mitochondrial 
               
               
                 TOR1A 
                 ENSG00000136827 
                 Torsin family 1, member A (torsin A) 
               
               
                 TOR1B 
                 ENSG00000136816 
                 Torsin family 1, member B (torsin B) 
               
               
                 TOR2A 
                 ENSG00000160404 
                 Torsin family 2, member A 
               
               
                 TOR3A 
                 ENSG00000186283 
                 Torsin family 3, member A 
               
               
                 TPD52 
                 ENSG00000076554 
                 Tumor protein D52 
               
               
                 TPO 
                 ENSG00000115705 
                 Thyroid peroxidase 
               
               
                 TPP1 
                 ENSG00000166340 
                 Tripeptidyl peptidase I 
               
               
                 TPSAB1 
                 ENSG00000172236 
                 Tryptase alpha/beta 1 
               
               
                 TPSB2 
                 ENSG00000197253 
                 Tryptase beta 2 (gene/pseudogene) 
               
               
                 TPSD1 
                 ENSG00000095917 
                 Tryptase delta 1 
               
               
                 TPST1 
                 ENSG00000169902 
                 Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 TPST2 
                 ENSG00000128294 
                 Tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase 2 
               
               
                 TRABD2A 
                 ENSG00000186854 
                 TraB domain containing 2A 
               
               
                 TRABD2B 
                 ENSG00000269113 
                 TraB domain containing 2B 
               
               
                 TREH 
                 ENSG00000118094 
                 Trehalase (brush-border membrane glycoprotein) 
               
               
                 TREM1 
                 ENSG00000124731 
                 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 
               
               
                 TREM2 
                 ENSG00000095970 
                 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 
               
               
                 TRH 
                 ENSG00000170893 
                 Thyrotropin-releasing hormone 
               
               
                 TRIM24 
                 ENSG00000122779 
                 Tripartite motif containing 24 
               
               
                 TRIM28 
                 ENSG00000130726 
                 Tripartite motif containing 28 
               
               
                 TRIO 
                 ENSG00000038382 
                 Trio Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 
               
               
                 TRNP1 
                 ENSG00000253368 
                 TMF1-regulated nuclear protein 1 
               
               
                 TSC22D4 
                 ENSG00000166925 
                 T5C22 domain family, member 4 
               
               
                 TSHB 
                 ENSG00000134200 
                 Thyroid stimulating hormone, beta 
               
               
                 TSHR 
                 ENSG00000165409 
                 Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor 
               
               
                 TSKU 
                 ENSG00000182704 
                 Tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan 
               
               
                 TSLP 
                 ENSG00000145777 
                 Thymic stromal lymphopoietin 
               
               
                 TSPAN3 
                 ENSG00000140391 
                 Tetraspanin 3 
               
               
                 TSPAN31 
                 ENSG00000135452 
                 Tetraspanin 31 
               
               
                 TSPEAR 
                 ENSG00000175894 
                 Thrombospondin-type laminin G domain and EAR repeats 
               
               
                 TTC13 
                 ENSG00000143643 
                 Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 13 
               
               
                 TTC19 
                 ENSG00000011295 
                 Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 19 
               
               
                 TTC9B 
                 ENSG00000174521 
                 Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 9B 
               
               
                 TTLL11 
                 ENSG00000175764 
                 Tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family member 11 
               
               
                 TTR 
                 ENSG00000118271 
                 Transthyretin 
               
               
                 TWSG1 
                 ENSG00000128791 
                 Twisted gastrulation BMP signaling modulator 1 
               
               
                 TXNDC12 
                 ENSG00000117862 
                 Thioredoxin domain containing 12 (endoplasmic reticulum) 
               
               
                 TXNDC15 
                 ENSG00000113621 
                 Thioredoxin domain containing 15 
               
               
                 TXNDC5 
                 ENSG00000239264 
                 Thioredoxin domain containing 5 (endoplasmic reticulum) 
               
               
                 TXNRD2 
                 ENSG00000184470 
                 Thioredoxin reductase 2 
               
               
                 TYRP1 
                 ENSG00000107165 
                 Tyrosinase-related protein 1 
               
               
                 UBAC2 
                 ENSG00000134882 
                 UBA domain containing 2 
               
               
                 UBALD1 
                 ENSG00000153443 
                 UBA-like domain containing 1 
               
               
                 UBAP2 
                 ENSG00000137073 
                 Ubiquitin associated protein 2 
               
               
                 UBXN8 
                 ENSG00000104691 
                 UBX domain protein 8 
               
               
                 UCMA 
                 ENSG00000165623 
                 Upper zone of growth plate and cartilage matrix associated 
               
               
                 UCN 
                 ENSG00000163794 
                 Urocortin 
               
               
                 UCN2 
                 ENSG00000145040 
                 Urocortin 2 
               
               
                 UCN3 
                 ENSG00000178473 
                 Urocortin 3 
               
               
                 UGGT2 
                 ENSG00000102595 
                 UDP-glucose glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 UGT1A10 
                 ENSG00000242515 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A10 
               
               
                 UGT2A1 
                 ENSG00000173610 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide A1, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 complex locus 
               
               
                 UGT2B11 
                 ENSG00000213759 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B11 
               
               
                 UGT2B28 
                 ENSG00000135226 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B28 
               
               
                 UGT2B4 
                 ENSG00000156096 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B4 
               
               
                 UGT2B7 
                 ENSG00000171234 
                 UDP glucuronosyltransferase 2 family, polypeptide B7 
               
               
                 UGT3A1 
                 ENSG00000145626 
                 UDP glycosyltransferase 3 family, polypeptide A1 
               
               
                 UGT3A2 
                 ENSG00000168671 
                 UDP glycosyltransferase 3 family, polypeptide A2 
               
               
                 UGT8 
                 ENSG00000174607 
                 UDP glycosyltransferase 8 
               
               
                 ULBP3 
                 ENSG00000131019 
                 UL16 binding protein 3 
               
               
                 UMOD 
                 ENSG00000169344 
                 Uromodulin 
               
               
                 UNC5C 
                 ENSG00000182168 
                 Unc-5 netrin receptor C 
               
               
                 UPK3B 
                 ENSG00000243566 
                 Uroplakin 3B 
               
               
                 USP11 
                 ENSG00000102226 
                 Ubiquitin specific peptidase 11 
               
               
                 USP14 
                 ENSG00000101557 
                 Ubiquitin specific peptidase 14 (tRNA-guanine 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transglycosylase) 
               
               
                 USP3 
                 ENSG00000140455 
                 Ubiquitin specific peptidase 3 
               
               
                 UTS2 
                 ENSG00000049247 
                 Urotensin 2 
               
               
                 UTS2B 
                 ENSG00000188958 
                 Urotensin 2B 
               
               
                 UTY 
                 ENSG00000183878 
                 Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat containing, Y- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 linked 
               
               
                 UXS1 
                 ENSG00000115652 
                 UDP-glucuronate decarboxylase 1 
               
               
                 VASH1 
                 ENSG00000071246 
                 Vasohibin 1 
               
               
                 VCAN 
                 ENSG00000038427 
                 Versican 
               
               
                 VEGFA 
                 ENSG00000112715 
                 Vascular endothelial growth factor A 
               
               
                 VEGFB 
                 ENSG00000173511 
                 Vascular endothelial growth factor B 
               
               
                 VEGFC 
                 ENSG00000150630 
                 Vascular endothelial growth factor C 
               
               
                 VGF 
                 ENSG00000128564 
                 VGF nerve growth factor inducible 
               
               
                 VIP 
                 ENSG00000146469 
                 Vasoactive intestinal peptide 
               
               
                 VIPR2 
                 ENSG00000106018 
                 Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 
               
               
                 VIT 
                 ENSG00000205221 
                 Vitrin 
               
               
                 VKORC1 
                 ENSG00000167397 
                 Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex, subunit 1 
               
               
                 VLDLR 
                 ENSG00000147852 
                 Very low density lipoprotein receptor 
               
               
                 VM01 
                 ENSG00000182853 
                 Vitelline membrane outer layer 1 homolog (chicken) 
               
               
                 VNN1 
                 ENSG00000112299 
                 Vanin 1 
               
               
                 VNN2 
                 ENSG00000112303 
                 Vanin 2 
               
               
                 VNN3 
                 ENSG00000093134 
                 Vanin 3 
               
               
                 VOPP1 
                 ENSG00000154978 
                 Vesicular, overexpressed in cancer, prosurvival protein 1 
               
               
                 VPREB1 
                 ENSG00000169575 
                 Pre-B lymphocyte 1 
               
               
                 VPREB3 
                 ENSG00000128218 
                 Pre-B lymphocyte 3 
               
               
                 VPS37B 
                 ENSG00000139722 
                 Vacuolar protein sorting 37 homolog B ( S. cerevisiae ) 
               
               
                 VPS51 
                 ENSG00000149823 
                 Vacuolar protein sorting 51 homolog ( S. cerevisiae ) 
               
               
                 VSIG1 
                 ENSG00000101842 
                 V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 VSIG10 
                 ENSG00000176834 
                 V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 10 
               
               
                 VSTM1 
                 ENSG00000189068 
                 V-set and transmembrane domain containing 1 
               
               
                 VSTM2A 
                 ENSG00000170419 
                 V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2A 
               
               
                 VSTM2B 
                 ENSG00000187135 
                 V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2B 
               
               
                 VSTM2L 
                 ENSG00000132821 
                 V-set and transmembrane domain containing 2 like 
               
               
                 VSTM4 
                 ENSG00000165633 
                 V-set and transmembrane domain containing 4 
               
               
                 VTN 
                 ENSG00000109072 
                 Vitronectin 
               
               
                 VWA1 
                 ENSG00000179403 
                 Von Willebrand factor A domain containing 1 
               
               
                 VWA2 
                 ENSG00000165816 
                 Von Willebrand factor A domain containing 2 
               
               
                 VWA5B2 
                 ENSG00000145198 
                 Von Willebrand factor A domain containing 5B2 
               
               
                 VWA7 
                 ENSG00000204396 
                 Von Willebrand factor A domain containing 7 
               
               
                 VWC2 
                 ENSG00000188730 
                 Von Willebrand factor C domain containing 2 
               
               
                 VWC2L 
                 ENSG00000174453 
                 Von Willebrand factor C domain containing protein 2-like 
               
               
                 VWCE 
                 ENSG00000167992 
                 Von Willebrand factor C and EGF domains 
               
               
                 VWDE 
                 ENSG00000146530 
                 Von Willebrand factor D and EGF domains 
               
               
                 VWF 
                 ENSG00000110799 
                 Von Willebrand factor 
               
               
                 WDR25 
                 ENSG00000176473 
                 WD repeat domain 25 
               
               
                 WDR81 
                 ENSG00000167716 
                 WD repeat domain 81 
               
               
                 WDR90 
                 ENSG00000161996 
                 WD repeat domain 90 
               
               
                 WFDC1 
                 ENSG00000103175 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 1 
               
               
                 WFDC10A 
                 ENSG00000180305 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 10A 
               
               
                 WFDC10B 
                 ENSG00000182931 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 10B 
               
               
                 WFDC11 
                 ENSG00000180083 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 11 
               
               
                 WFDC12 
                 ENSG00000168703 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 12 
               
               
                 WFDC13 
                 ENSG00000168634 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 13 
               
               
                 WFDC2 
                 ENSG00000101443 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 2 
               
               
                 WFDC3 
                 ENSG00000124116 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 3 
               
               
                 WFDC5 
                 ENSG00000175121 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 5 
               
               
                 WFDC6 
                 ENSG00000243543 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 6 
               
               
                 WFDC8 
                 ENSG00000158901 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 8 
               
               
                 WFIKKN1 
                 ENSG00000127578 
                 WAP, follistatin/kazal, immunoglobulin, kunitz and netrin 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 WFIKKN2 
                 ENSG00000173714 
                 WAP, follistatin/kazal, immunoglobulin, kunitz and netrin 
               
               
                   
                   
                 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 WIF1 
                 ENSG00000156076 
                 WNT inhibitory factor 1 
               
               
                 WISP1 
                 ENSG00000104415 
                 WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1 
               
               
                 WISP2 
                 ENSG00000064205 
                 WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 
               
               
                 WISP3 
                 ENSG00000112761 
                 WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 3 
               
               
                 WNK1 
                 ENSG00000060237 
                 WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 
               
               
                 WNT1 
                 ENSG00000125084 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 1 
               
               
                 WNT10B 
                 ENSG00000169884 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10B 
               
               
                 WNT11 
                 ENSG00000085741 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 11 
               
               
                 WNT16 
                 ENSG00000002745 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 16 
               
               
                 WNT2 
                 ENSG00000105989 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 2 
               
               
                 WNT3 
                 ENSG00000108379 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3 
               
               
                 WNT3A 
                 ENSG00000154342 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 3A 
               
               
                 WNT5A 
                 ENSG00000114251 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5A 
               
               
                 WNT5B 
                 ENSG00000111186 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5B 
               
               
                 WNT6 
                 ENSG00000115596 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 6 
               
               
                 WNT7A 
                 ENSG00000154764 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7A 
               
               
                 WNT7B 
                 ENSG00000188064 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 7B 
               
               
                 WNT8A 
                 ENSG00000061492 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 8A 
               
               
                 WNT8B 
                 ENSG00000075290 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 8B 
               
               
                 WNT9A 
                 ENSG00000143816 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 9A 
               
               
                 WNT9B 
                 ENSG00000158955 
                 Wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 9B 
               
               
                 WSB1 
                 ENSG00000109046 
                 WD repeat and SOCS box containing 1 
               
               
                 WSCD1 
                 ENSG00000179314 
                 WSC domain containing 1 
               
               
                 WSCD2 
                 ENSG00000075035 
                 WSC domain containing 2 
               
               
                 XCL1 
                 ENSG00000143184 
                 Chemokine (C motif) ligand 1 
               
               
                 XCL2 
                 ENSG00000143185 
                 Chemokine (C motif) ligand 2 
               
               
                 XPNPEP2 
                 ENSG00000122121 
                 X-prolyl aminopeptidase (aminopeptidase P) 2, membrane- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 bound 
               
               
                 XXbac- 
                 ENSG00000244255 
                   
               
               
                 BPG116M5.17 
                   
                   
               
               
                 XXbac- 
                 ENSG00000248993 
                   
               
               
                 BPG181M17.5 
                   
                   
               
               
                 XXbac-BPG3213.20 
                 ENSG00000204422 
                   
               
               
                 XXYLT1 
                 ENSG00000173950 
                 Xyloside xylosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 XYLT1 
                 ENSG00000103489 
                 Xylosyltransferase I 
               
               
                 XYLT2 
                 ENSG00000015532 
                 Xylosyltransferase II 
               
               
                 ZFYVE21 
                 ENSG00000100711 
                 Zinc finger, FYVE domain containing 21 
               
               
                 ZG16 
                 ENSG00000174992 
                 Zymogen granule protein 16 
               
               
                 ZG16B 
                 ENSG00000162078 
                 Zymogen granule protein 16B 
               
               
                 ZIC4 
                 ENSG00000174963 
                 Zic family member 4 
               
               
                 ZNF207 
                 ENSG00000010244 
                 Zinc finger protein 207 
               
               
                 ZNF26 
                 ENSG00000198393 
                 Zinc finger protein 26 
               
               
                 ZNF34 
                 ENSG00000196378 
                 Zinc finger protein 34 
               
               
                 ZNF419 
                 ENSG00000105136 
                 Zinc finger protein 419 
               
               
                 ZNF433 
                 ENSG00000197647 
                 Zinc finger protein 433 
               
               
                 ZNF449 
                 ENSG00000173275 
                 Zinc finger protein 449 
               
               
                 ZNF488 
                 ENSG00000265763 
                 Zinc finger protein 488 
               
               
                 ZNF511 
                 ENSG00000198546 
                 Zinc finger protein 511 
               
               
                 ZNF570 
                 ENSG00000171827 
                 Zinc finger protein 570 
               
               
                 ZNF691 
                 ENSG00000164011 
                 Zinc finger protein 691 
               
               
                 ZNF98 
                 ENSG00000197360 
                 Zinc finger protein 98 
               
               
                 ZPBP 
                 ENSG00000042813 
                 Zona pellucida binding protein 
               
               
                 ZPBP2 
                 ENSG00000186075 
                 Zona pellucida binding protein 2 
               
               
                 ZSCAN29 
                 ENSG00000140265 
                 Zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 29 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In some embodiments of the disclosure, T cells are modified to express therapeutic proteins, including secreted proteins and secreted human proteins. In some embodiments of the methods of the disorder, compositions comprising CAR-T cells modified to express or to secrete a human protein are used to treat a clotting disorder. Blood clotting occurs through a multistep process known as the coagulation cascade. In the extrinsic pathway, Tissue Factor (also known as factor III or thromboplastin) comes into contact with factor VII to form an activated VIIa complex. This initiates a coagulation protease cascade, converting the inactive Factor X to an active protease Factor Xa, which, with activated Factor V, produces thrombin (IIa) from Prothrombin (II). In the intrinsic pathway, collagen forms a complex with high-molecular-weight-kininogen, prekallikrein and Factor XII, leading to the conversion of Factor XII into Factor XIIa. Factor XIIa converts Factor XI into Factor XIa, and Factor XIa activates Factor IX to produce Factor IXa, which, together with FVIIIa form the tenase complex, which activates Factor X, which helps convert Prothrombin (II) into Thrombin (IIa). Thrombin in turn leads to the conversion of Fibrinogen (I) into Fibrin, which together with Factor XIIIa forms a cross-linked fibrin clot. Many clotting disorders are the result of low levels of secreted proteins in the blood that are involved in the coagulation cascade. Clotting disorders can drastically increase the amount of blood leaving the body upon injury, or cause bleeding to occur under the skin or in vital organs. These disorders are frequently genetic. Exemplary, but non-limiting diseases caused by deficiencies in clotting factors include Hemophilias, von Willebrand disease and deficiencies in Antithrombin III, protein C or protein S. Hemophila A and B are X-linked, and are caused by insufficient levels of clotting factor VIII and factor IX (FIX) respectively. Hemophila C is caused by insufficient factor XI. Factor II, VII, X or XII deficiencies can also cause bleeding disorders. Von Willebrand disease is due to a low level of the von Willebrand clotting factor in the blood. In some cases, deficiencies in blood proteins that regulate clotting lead can lead to too much clotting. Factor V Leiden is a genetic disorder, where the factor V Leiden protein overreacts, causing the blood to clot too often or too much. Deficiencies in Antithrombin III, protein C or protein S, which help regulate bleeding, can also cause excessive clotting. Currently, clotting disorders such as Hemophilia are treated with blood transfusions or infusions of the missing clotting factor (replacement therapy). However, complications of replacement therapy include developing antibodies to the clotting factor, contracting viral infections from blood derived products and damage to joints. There thus exists a need for additional therapies. 
     In some embodiments of the disclosure, T cells are modified to express therapeutic proteins, including secreted proteins and secreted human proteins. In some embodiments of the methods of the disorder, compositions comprising CAR-T cells modified to express or to secrete a human protein are used for enzyme replacement therapy. Enzyme replacement therapy typically involves intravenous infusions of therapeutically effective amounts of compositions comprising enzymes that balance underlying enzyme deficiencies that cause the symptoms of the disease. The missing enzyme activity is thus supplied exogenously in this manner. Exemplary diseases that can be treated by modified T cells of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, lysosomal storage diseases Gaucher&#39;s disease (glucocerebrosidase enzyme), Fabry disease, mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS I), mucopolysaccharidosis I (MPS II, or Hunter syndrome, caused by iduronate-2-sulfatase deficiency), mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI, caused by arylsulfatase B deficiency) and Pompe disease (or glycogen stoarage disease type II, caused by a deficiency in acid alpha-glucosidase). Additional diseases treatable with enzyme replacement therapy include but are not limited to Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency, Hyperammonemia due to the deficiency of the hepatic enzyme N-acetylglutamate synthetase (NAGS), Hypophosphatasia, Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency, Morquio Syndrome A, Wolman LAL Lysosomal Acid Lipase deficiency, A1AT (Alpha1-Antitrypsin) deficiency and Urea cycle disorder. Enzymes supplied to patients during enzyme replacement therapy include, but are not limited to Alpha1-Antitrypsin, β-Glucocerebrosidase, Adenosine Deaminase, Alpha-Galactosidase A, α-L-Iduronidase, Iduronate-2-Sulfatase, N-Acetylgalactosamine-6 Sulfatase, -Acetylgalactosamine-4 Sulfatase and Lysosomal Acid Lipase. 
     In some embodiments of the disclosure, T cells are modified to express therapeutic proteins, including secreted proteins and secreted human proteins. In some embodiments of the methods of the disorder, compositions comprising CAR-T cells modified to express or to secrete a human protein are used to produce human antibodies. In some embodiments, the disease to be treated by modified T cells expressing secreted proteins is a disease that can be treated through the intravenous infusion or injection of an antibody or an antibody fragment. Antibody based therapies are used in the treatment of many types of diseases in addition to cancer, including immune-based diseases such as arthritis and asthma, and infections, as well as other diseases. Exemplary, but non-limiting list of diseases that can be treated with the modified T cells of the disclosure include platelet aggregation,  Clostridium difficile  infection, Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn&#39;s Disease, Plaque Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Alzheimer&#39;s disease, sepsis, Multiple Sclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, prevention of organ transplant rejections, viral infections, asthma, severe allergic disorders, retinopathy, osteoporosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, inflammatory diseases, influenza A, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, sepsis caused by Gram-negative bacteria, psoriasis, invasive  Candida  infection, ulcerative colitis, hypocholesterolemia, respiratory syncytial virus infection, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, graft versus host disease, ankylosing spondylitis, HIV infection, ulcerative colitis, autoimmune diseases, chronic asthma, reduction of scarring after glaucoma surgery, hypercholesterolemia, white blood cell diseases, systemic scleroderma, respiratory syncytial virus (prevention), lupus erythematosus, diabetes mellitus type 1, inflammation,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  infection, macular degeneration, anthrax, cytomegalovirus infection, inflammations of the airways, skin and gastrointestinal tract, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic diseases, uveitis, cytomegalovirus infection, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, fibrosis, choroidal and retinal neovascularization, muscular dystrophy,  Staphylococcus aureus  infection, lupus nephritis, follicular lymphoma, chronic hepatitis B and ulcerative colitis. 
     Infusion of Modified Cells as Adoptive Cell Therapy 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises between 2×10 5  and 5×10 8  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, or any range, value or fraction thereof. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises between 0.2×10 6  to 20×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 0.2×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 2×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 20×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, or any cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration in between. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 1×10 6  cells or about 1×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 3×10 6  cells or about 3×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises between 0.7×10 6  to 6.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 0.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 6.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration or any cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration in between. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises between 0.7×10 6  to 16×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 0.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 2×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 6×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 10.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 16×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration or any cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration in between. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 1.2×10 6  to 7.1×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 1.2×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 7.1×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration or any number of cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises between 2×10 6  to 3×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 1106×10 6  to 2106×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 1106×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 2106×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration or any number of cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration in between. In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 0.7×10 6  to 1.3×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises 0.7×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration, 1.3×10 6  cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration or any number of cells per kg of body weight of the patient per administration in between. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, modified cells of the disclosure are delivered to a patient via injection or intravenous infusion. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises a single or multiple doses. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises a split dose. In certain embodiments, a therapeutically effective dose of a composition of the disclosure or of compositions comprising modified cells of the disclosure comprises an initial dose and a maintenance dose. 
     In certain embodiments of the disclosure, the modified cells are T cells and the T cells may be sorted according to T cell markers prior to either in vitro expansion or formulation with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. In some embodiments, modified T cells may be sorted on using CD8+ and/or CD4+ markers. 
     Nucleic Acid Molecules 
     Nucleic acid molecules of the disclosure encoding protein scaffolds can be in the form of RNA, such as mRNA, hnRNA, tRNA or any other form, or in the form of DNA, including, but not limited to, cDNA and genomic DNA obtained by cloning or produced synthetically, or any combinations thereof. The DNA can be triple-stranded, double-stranded or single-stranded, or any combination thereof. Any portion of at least one strand of the DNA or RNA can be the coding strand, also known as the sense strand, or it can be the non-coding strand, also referred to as the anti-sense strand. 
     Isolated nucleic acid molecules of the disclosure can include nucleic acid molecules comprising an open reading frame (ORF), optionally, with one or more introns, e.g., but not limited to, at least one specified portion of at least one protein scaffold; nucleic acid molecules comprising the coding sequence for a protein scaffold or loop region that binds to the target protein; and nucleic acid molecules which comprise a nucleotide sequence substantially different from those described above but which, due to the degeneracy of the genetic code, still encode the protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase as described herein and/or as known in the art. Of course, the genetic code is well known in the art. Thus, it would be routine for one skilled in the art to generate such degenerate nucleic acid variants that code for specific protein scaffolds of the present invention. See, e.g., Ausubel, et al., supra, and such nucleic acid variants are included in the present invention. 
     As indicated herein, nucleic acid molecules of the disclosure which comprise a nucleic acid encoding a protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase can include, but are not limited to, those encoding the amino acid sequence of a protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase fragment, by itself; the coding sequence for the entire protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase or a portion thereof; the coding sequence for a protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase, fragment or portion, as well as additional sequences, such as the coding sequence of at least one signal leader or fusion peptide, with or without the aforementioned additional coding sequences, such as at least one intron, together with additional, non-coding sequences, including but not limited to, non-coding 5′ and 3′ sequences, such as the transcribed, non-translated sequences that play a role in transcription, mRNA processing, including splicing and polyadenylation signals (for example, ribosome binding and stability of mRNA); an additional coding sequence that codes for additional amino acids, such as those that provide additional functionalities. Thus, the sequence encoding a protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase can be fused to a marker sequence, such as a sequence encoding a peptide that facilitates purification of the fused protein scaffold, Centyrin, CAR, CARTyrin, transposon, and/or transposase comprising a protein scaffold fragment or portion. 
     Construction of Nucleic Acids 
     The isolated nucleic acids of the disclosure can be made using (a) recombinant methods, (b) synthetic techniques, (c) purification techniques, and/or (d) combinations thereof, as well-known in the art. 
     The nucleic acids can conveniently comprise sequences in addition to a polynucleotide of the present invention. For example, a multi-cloning site comprising one or more endonuclease restriction sites can be inserted into the nucleic acid to aid in isolation of the polynucleotide. Also, translatable sequences can be inserted to aid in the isolation of the translated polynucleotide of the disclosure. For example, a hexa-histidine marker sequence provides a convenient means to purify the proteins of the disclosure. The nucleic acid of the disclosure, excluding the coding sequence, is optionally a vector, adapter, or linker for cloning and/or expression of a polynucleotide of the disclosure. 
     Additional sequences can be added to such cloning and/or expression sequences to optimize their function in cloning and/or expression, to aid in isolation of the polynucleotide, or to improve the introduction of the polynucleotide into a cell. Use of cloning vectors, expression vectors, adapters, and linkers is well known in the art. (See, e.g., Ausubel, supra; or Sambrook, supra). 
     Recombinant Methods for Constructing Nucleic Acids 
     The isolated nucleic acid compositions of this disclosure, such as RNA, cDNA, genomic DNA, or any combination thereof, can be obtained from biological sources using any number of cloning methodologies known to those of skill in the art. In some embodiments, oligonucleotide probes that selectively hybridize, under stringent conditions, to the polynucleotides of the present invention are used to identify the desired sequence in a cDNA or genomic DNA library. The isolation of RNA, and construction of cDNA and genomic libraries are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. (See, e.g., Ausubel, supra; or Sambrook, supra). 
     Vectors and Host Cells 
     The disclosure also relates to vectors that include isolated nucleic acid molecules of the disclosure, host cells that are genetically engineered with the recombinant vectors, and the production of at least one protein scaffold by recombinant techniques, as is well known in the art. See, e.g., Sambrook, et al., supra; Ausubel, et al., supra, each entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     For example, the PB-EF1a vector may be used. The vector comprises the following nucleotide sequence: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                 (SEQ ID NO: 35) 
                   
               
               
                 tgtacatagattaaccctagaaagataatcatattgtgacgtacgttaaagataatcatgcgtaaaattgacgcatgtgttttatcggtctgtatat 
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cgaggtttatttattaatttgaatagatattaagttttattatatttacacttacatactaataataaattcaacaaacaatttatttatgtttatttatt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 tattaaaaaaaaacaaaaactcaaaatttcttctataaagtaacaaaacttttatcgaatacctgcagcccgggggatgcagagggacagccccccc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ccaaagcccccagggatgtaattacgtccctcccccgctagggggcagcagcgagccgcccggggctccgctccggtccggcgctccc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cccgcatccccgagccggcagcgtgcggggacagcccgggcacggggaaggtggcacgggatcgctttcctctgaacgcttctcgctg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ctctttgagcctgcagacacctggggggatacggggaaaagttgactgtgcctttcgatcgaaccatggacagttagctttgcaaagatgga 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 taaagttttaaacagagaggaatctttgcagctaatggaccttctaggtcttgaaaggagtgggaattggctccggtgcccgtcagtgggcag 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 agcgcacatcgcccacagtccccgagaagttggggggaggggtcggcaattgaaccggtgcctagagaaggtggcgcggggtaaact 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gggaaagtgatgtcgtgtactggctccgcctttttcccgagggtgggggagaaccgtatataagtgcagtagtcgccgtgaacgttctttttcg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 caacgggtttgccgccagaacacaggtaagtgccgtgtgtggttcccgcgggcctggcctctttacgggttatggcccttgcgtgccttgaat 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 tacttccacctggctgcagtacgtgattcttgatcccgagcttcgggttggaagtgggtgggagagttcgaggccttgcgcttaaggagccc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cttcgcctcgtgcttgagttgaggcctggcctgggcgctggggccgccgcgtgcgaatctggtggcaccttcgcgcctgtctcgctgctttc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gataagtctctagccatttaaaatttttgatgacctgctgcgacgctttttttctggcaagatagtcttgtaaatgcgggccaagatctgcacactg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gtatttcggtttttggggccgcgggcggcgacggggcccgtgcgtcccagcgcacatgttcggcgaggcggggcctgcgagcgcggcc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 accgagaatcggacgggggtagtctcaagctggccggcctgctctggtgcctggcctcgcgccgccgtgtatcgccccgccctgggcgg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 caaggctggcccggtcggcaccagttgcgtgagcggaaagatggccgcttcccggccctgctgcagggagctcaaaatggaggacgcg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gcgctcgggagagcgggcgggtgagtcacccacacaaaggaaaagggcctttccgtcctcagccgtcgcttcatgtgactccacggagt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 accgggcgccgtccaggcacctcgattagttctcgagcttttggagtacgtcgtctttaggttggggggaggggttttatgcgatggagtttcc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ccacactgagtgggtggagactgaagttaggccagcttggcacttgatgtaattctccttggaatttgccctttttgagtttggatcttggttcatt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ctcaagcctcagacagtggttcaaagtttttttcttccatttcaggtgtcgtgagaattctaatacgactcactatagggtgtgctgtctcatcatttt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ggcaaagattggccaccaagcttgtcctgcaggagggtcgacgcctctagacgggcggccgctccggatccacgggtaccgatcacata 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 tgcctttaattaaacactagttctatagtgtcacctaaattccctttagtgagggttaatggccgtaggccgccagaattgggtccagacatgata 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 agatacattgatgagtttggacaaaccacaactagaatgcagtgaaaaaaatgctttatttgtgaaatttgtgatgctattgctttatttgtaaccat 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 tataagctgcaataaacaagttaacaacaacaattgcattcattttatgtttcaggttcagggggaggtgtgggaggttttttcggactctaggac 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ctgcgcatgcgcttggcgtaatcatggtcatagctgtttcctgttttccccgtatccccccaggtgtctgcaggctcaaagagcagcgagaag 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cgttcagaggaaagcgatcccgtgccaccttccccgtgcccgggctgtccccgcacgctgccggctcggggatgcggggggagcgccg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gaccggagcggagccccgggcggctcgctgctgccccctagcgggggagggacgtaattacatccctgggggctttgggggggggct 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gtccctctcaccgcggtggagctccagcttttgttcgaattggggccccccctcgagggtatcgatgatatctataacaagaaaatatatatat 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 aataagttatcacgtaagtagaacatgaaataacaatataattatcgtatgagttaaatcttaaaagtcacgtaaaagataatcatgcgtcattttg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 actcacgcggtcgttatagttcaaaatcagtgacacttaccgcattgacaagcacgcctcacgggagctccaagcggcgactgagatgtcct 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 aaatgcacagcgacggattcgcgctatttagaaagagagagcaatatttcaagaatgcatgcgtcaattttacgcagactatctttctagggtt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 aatctagctagccttaagggcgcctattgcgttgcgctcactgcccgctttccagtcgggaaacctgtcgtgccagctgcattaatgaatcgg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ccaacgcgcggggagaggcggtttgcgtattgggcgctcttccgcttcctcgctcactgactcgctgcgctcggtcgttcggctgcggcga 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gcggtatcagctcactcaaaggcggtaatacggttatccacagaatcaggggataacgcaggaaagaacatgaccaaaatcccttaacgtg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 agttttcgttccactgagcgtcagaccccgtagaaaagatcaaaggatcttcttgagatcctttttttctgcgcgtaatctgctgcttgcaaacaa 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 aaaaaccaccgctaccagcggtggtttgtttgccggatcaagagctaccaactctttttccgaaggtaactggcttcagcagagcgcagata 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ccaaatactgttcttctagtgtagccgtagttaggccaccacttcaagaactctgtagcaccgcctacatacctcgctctgctaatcctgttacca 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gtggctgctgccagtggcgataagtcgtgtcttaccgggttggactcaagacgatagttaccggataaggcgcagcggtcgggctgaacg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gggggttcgtgcacacagcccagcttggagcgaacgacctacaccgaactgagatacctacagcgtgagctatgagaaagcgccacgct 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 tcccgaagggagaaaggcggacaggtatccggtaagcggcagggtcggaacaggagagcgcacgagggagcttccagggggaaac 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gcctggtatctttatagtcctgtcgggtttcgccacctctgacttgagcgtcgatttttgtgatgctcgtcaggggggcggagcctatggaaaaa 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cgccagcaacgcggcctttttacggttcctggccttttgctggccttttgctcacatgagattatcaaaaaggatcttcacctagatccttttaaat 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 taaaaatgaagttttaaatcaatctaaagtatatatgagtaaacttggtctgacagtcagaagaactcgtcaagaaggcgatagaaggcgatg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cgctgcgaatcgggagcggcgataccgtaaagcacgaggaagcggtcagcccattcgccgccaagctcttcagcaatatcacgggtagc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 caacgctatgtcctgatagcggtccgccacacccagccggccacagtcgatgaatccagaaaagcggccattttccaccatgatattcggc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 aagcaggcatcgccatgggtcacgacgagatcctcgccgtcgggcatgctcgccttgagcctggcgaacagttcggctggcgcgagccc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ctgatgctcttcgtccagatcatcctgatcgacaagaccggcttccatccgagtacgtgctcgctcgatgcgatgtttcgcttggtggtcgaat 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gggcaggtagccggatcaagcgtatgcagccgccgcattgcatcagccatgatggatactttctcggcaggagcaaggtgagatgacag 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 gagatcctgccccggcacttcgcccaatagcagccagtcccttcccgcttcagtgacaacgtcgagcacagctgcgcaaggaacgcccgt 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cgtggccagccacgatagccgcgctgcctcgtcttgcagttcattcagggcaccggacaggtcggtcttgacaaaaagaaccgggcgccc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ctgcgctgacagccggaacacggcggcatcagagcagccgattgtctgttgtgcccagtcatagccgaatagcctctccacccaagcggc 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 cggagaacctgcgtgcaatccatcttgttcaatcataatattattgaagcatttatcagggttcgtctcgtcccggtctcctcccaatgcatgtca 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 atattggccattagccatattattcattggttatatagcataaatcaatattggctattggccattgcatacgttgtatctatatcataata. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The polynucleotides can optionally be joined to a vector containing a selectable marker for propagation in a host. Generally, a plasmid vector is introduced in a precipitate, such as a calcium phosphate precipitate, or in a complex with a charged lipid. If the vector is a virus, it can be packaged in vitro using an appropriate packaging cell line and then transduced into host cells. 
     The DNA insert should be operatively linked to an appropriate promoter. The expression constructs will further contain sites for transcription initiation, termination and, in the transcribed region, a ribosome binding site for translation. The coding portion of the mature transcripts expressed by the constructs will preferably include a translation initiating at the beginning and a termination codon (e.g., UAA, UGA or UAG) appropriately positioned at the end of the mRNA to be translated, with UAA and UAG preferred for mammalian or eukaryotic cell expression. 
     Expression vectors will preferably but optionally include at least one selectable marker. Such markers include, e.g., but are not limited to, ampicillin, zeocin (Sh bla gene), puromycin (pac gene), hygromycin B (hygB gene), G418/Geneticin (neo gene), mycophenolic acid, or glutamine synthetase (GS, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,122,464; 5,770,359; 5,827,739), blasticidin (bsd gene), resistance genes for eukaryotic cell culture as well as ampicillin, zeocin (Sh bla gene), puromycin (pac gene), hygromycin B (hygB gene), G418/Geneticin (neo gene), kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, carbenicillin, bleomycin, erythromycin, polymyxin B, or tetracycline resistance genes for culturing in  E. coli  and other bacteria or prokaryotics (the above patents are entirely incorporated hereby by reference). Appropriate culture mediums and conditions for the above-described host cells are known in the art. Suitable vectors will be readily apparent to the skilled artisan. Introduction of a vector construct into a host cell can be effected by calcium phosphate transfection, DEAE-dextran mediated transfection, cationic lipid-mediated transfection, electroporation, transduction, infection or other known methods. Such methods are described in the art, such as Sambrook, supra, Chapters 1-4 and 16-18; Ausubel, supra, Chapters 1, 9, 13, 15, 16. 
     Expression vectors will preferably but optionally include at least one selectable cell surface marker for isolation of cells modified by the compositions and methods of the disclosure. Selectable cell surface markers of the disclosure comprise surface proteins, glycoproteins, or group of proteins that distinguish a cell or subset of cells from another defined subset of cells. Preferably the selectable cell surface marker distinguishes those cells modified by a composition or method of the disclosure from those cells that are not modified by a composition or method of the disclosure. Such cell surface markers include, e.g., but are not limited to, “cluster of designation” or “classification determinant” proteins (often abbreviated as “CD”) such as a truncated or full length form of CD19, CD271, CD34, CD22, CD20, CD33, CD52, or any combination thereof. Cell surface markers further include the suicide gene marker RQR8 (Philip B et al. Blood. 2014 Aug. 21; 124(8):1277-87). 
     Expression vectors will preferably but optionally include at least one selectable drug resistance marker for isolation of cells modified by the compositions and methods of the disclosure. Selectable drug resistance markers of the disclosure may comprise wild-type or mutant Neo, DHFR, TYMS, FRANCF, RAD51C, GCS, MDR1, ALDH1, NKX2.2, or any combination thereof. 
     At least one protein scaffold of the disclosure can be expressed in a modified form, such as a fusion protein, and can include not only secretion signals, but also additional heterologous functional regions. For instance, a region of additional amino acids, particularly charged amino acids, can be added to the N-terminus of a protein scaffold to improve stability and persistence in the host cell, during purification, or during subsequent handling and storage. Also, peptide moieties can be added to a protein scaffold of the disclosure to facilitate purification. Such regions can be removed prior to final preparation of a protein scaffold or at least one fragment thereof. Such methods are described in many standard laboratory manuals, such as Sambrook, supra, Chapters 17.29-17.42 and 18.1-18.74; Ausubel, supra, Chapters 16, 17 and 18. 
     Those of ordinary skill in the art are knowledgeable in the numerous expression systems available for expression of a nucleic acid encoding a protein of the disclosure. Alternatively, nucleic acids of the disclosure can be expressed in a host cell by turning on (by manipulation) in a host cell that contains endogenous DNA encoding a protein scaffold of the disclosure. Such methods are well known in the art, e.g., as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,580,734, 5,641,670, 5,733,746, and 5,733,761, entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     Illustrative of cell cultures useful for the production of the protein scaffolds, specified portions or variants thereof, are bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells as known in the art. Mammalian cell systems often will be in the form of monolayers of cells although mammalian cell suspensions or bioreactors can also be used. A number of suitable host cell lines capable of expressing intact glycosylated proteins have been developed in the art, and include the COS-1 (e.g., ATCC CRL 1650), COS-7 (e.g., ATCC CRL-1651), HEK293, BHK21 (e.g., ATCC CRL-10), CHO (e.g., ATCC CRL 1610) and BSC-1 (e.g., ATCC CRL-26) cell lines, Cos-7 cells, CHO cells, hep G2 cells, P3X63Ag8.653, SP2/0-Ag14, 293 cells, HeLa cells and the like, which are readily available from, for example, American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Va. (www.atcc.org). Preferred host cells include cells of lymphoid origin, such as myeloma and lymphoma cells. Particularly preferred host cells are P3X63Ag8.653 cells (ATCC Accession Number CRL-1580) and SP2/0-Ag14 cells (ATCC Accession Number CRL-1851). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the recombinant cell is a P3X63Ab8.653 or an SP2/0-Ag14 cell. 
     Expression vectors for these cells can include one or more of the following expression control sequences, such as, but not limited to, an origin of replication; a promoter (e.g., late or early SV40 promoters, the CMV promoter (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,168,062; 5,385,839), an HSV tk promoter, a pgk (phosphoglycerate kinase) promoter, an EF-1 alpha promoter (U.S. Pat. No. 5,266,491), at least one human promoter; an enhancer, and/or processing information sites, such as ribosome binding sites, RNA splice sites, polyadenylation sites (e.g., an SV40 large T Ag poly A addition site), and transcriptional terminator sequences. See, e.g., Ausubel et al., supra; Sambrook, et al., supra. Other cells useful for production of nucleic acids or proteins of the present invention are known and/or available, for instance, from the American Type Culture Collection Catalogue of Cell Lines and Hybridomas (www.atcc.org) or other known or commercial sources. 
     When eukaryotic host cells are employed, polyadenlyation or transcription terminator sequences are typically incorporated into the vector. An example of a terminator sequence is the polyadenlyation sequence from the bovine growth hormone gene. Sequences for accurate splicing of the transcript can also be included. An example of a splicing sequence is the VP1 intron from SV40 (Sprague, et al., J. Virol. 45:773-781 (1983)). Additionally, gene sequences to control replication in the host cell can be incorporated into the vector, as known in the art. 
     Purification of a Protein Scaffold 
     A protein scaffold can be recovered and purified from recombinant cell cultures by well-known methods including, but not limited to, protein A purification, ammonium sulfate or ethanol precipitation, acid extraction, anion or cation exchange chromatography, phosphocellulose chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, affinity chromatography, hydroxylapatite chromatography and lectin chromatography. High performance liquid chromatography (“HPLC”) can also be employed for purification. See, e.g., Colligan, Current Protocols in Immunology, or Current Protocols in Protein Science, John Wiley &amp; Sons, NY, N.Y., (1997-2001), e.g., Chapters 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, each entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     Protein scaffolds of the disclosure include naturally purified products, products of chemical synthetic procedures, and products produced by recombinant techniques from a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host, including, for example,  E. coli , yeast, higher plant, insect and mammalian cells. Depending upon the host employed in a recombinant production procedure, the protein scaffold of the disclosure can be glycosylated or can be non-glycosylated. Such methods are described in many standard laboratory manuals, such as Sambrook, supra, Sections 17.37-17.42; Ausubel, supra, Chapters 10, 12, 13, 16, 18 and 20, Colligan, Protein Science, supra, Chapters 12-14, all entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     Variants 
     The amino acids that make up protein scaffolds of the disclosure are often abbreviated. The amino acid designations can be indicated by designating the amino acid by its single letter code, its three letter code, name, or three nucleotide codon(s) as is well understood in the art (see Alberts, B., et al., Molecular Biology of The Cell, Third Ed., Garland Publishing, Inc., New York, 1994). A protein scaffold of the disclosure can include one or more amino acid substitutions, deletions or additions, either from natural mutations or human manipulation, as specified herein. Amino acids in a protein scaffold of the disclosure that are essential for function can be identified by methods known in the art, such as site-directed mutagenesis or alanine-scanning mutagenesis (e.g., Ausubel, supra, Chapters 8, 15; Cunningham and Wells, Science 244:1081-1085 (1989)). The latter procedure introduces single alanine mutations at every residue in the molecule. The resulting mutant molecules are then tested for biological activity, such as, but not limited to, at least one neutralizing activity. Sites that are critical for protein scaffold binding can also be identified by structural analysis, such as crystallization, nuclear magnetic resonance or photoaffinity labeling (Smith, et al., J. Mol. Biol. 224:899-904 (1992) and de Vos, et al., Science 255:306-312 (1992)). 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “substantially complementary” refers to a first sequence that is at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical to the complement of a second sequence over a region of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 180, 270, 360, 450, 540, or more nucleotides or amino acids, or that the two sequences hybridize under stringent hybridization conditions. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “substantially identical” refers to a first and second sequence are at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 97%, 98% or 99% identical over a region of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 100, 180, 270, 360, 450, 540 or more nucleotides or amino acids, or with respect to nucleic acids, if the first sequence is substantially complementary to the complement of the second sequence. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “variant” when used to describe a nucleic acid, refers to (i) a portion or fragment of a referenced nucleotide sequence; (ii) the complement of a referenced nucleotide sequence or portion thereof; (iii) a nucleic acid that is substantially identical to a referenced nucleic acid or the complement thereof; or (iv) a nucleic acid that hybridizes under stringent conditions to the referenced nucleic acid, complement thereof, or a sequences substantially identical thereto. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “vector” refers to a nucleic acid sequence containing an origin of replication. A vector can be a viral vector, a bacteriophage, a bacterial artificial chromosome or a yeast artificial chromosome. A vector can be a DNA or RNA vector. A vector can be a self-replicating extrachromosomal vector, and preferably, is a DNA plasmid. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “variant” when used to describe a peptide or polypeptide, refers to a peptide or polypeptide that differs in amino acid sequence by the insertion, deletion, or conservative substitution of amino acids, but retain at least one biological activity. Variant can also mean a protein with an amino acid sequence that is substantially identical to a referenced protein with an amino acid sequence that retains at least one biological activity. 
     A conservative substitution of an amino acid, i.e., replacing an amino acid with a different amino acid of similar properties (e.g., hydrophilicity, degree and distribution of charged regions) is recognized in the art as typically involving a minor change. These minor changes can be identified, in part, by considering the hydropathic index of amino acids, as understood in the art (Kyte et al., J. Mol. Biol. 157: 105-132 (1982)). The hydropathic index of an amino acid is based on a consideration of its hydrophobicity and charge. Amino acids of similar hydropathic indexes can be substituted and still retain protein function. In one aspect, amino acids having hydropathic indexes of ±2 are substituted. The hydrophilicity of amino acids can also be used to reveal substitutions that would result in proteins retaining biological function. A consideration of the hydrophilicity of amino acids in the context of a peptide permits calculation of the greatest local average hydrophilicity of that peptide, a useful measure that has been reported to correlate well with antigenicity and immunogenicity. U.S. Pat. No. 4,554,101, incorporated fully herein by reference. 
     Substitution of amino acids having similar hydrophilicity values can result in peptides retaining biological activity, for example immunogenicity. Substitutions can be performed with amino acids having hydrophilicity values within ±2 of each other. Both the hydrophobicity index and the hydrophilicity value of amino acids are influenced by the particular side chain of that amino acid. Consistent with that observation, amino acid substitutions that are compatible with biological function are understood to depend on the relative similarity of the amino acids, and particularly the side chains of those amino acids, as revealed by the hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, charge, size, and other properties. 
     As used herein, “conservative” amino acid substitutions may be defined as set out in Tables A, B, or C below. In some embodiments, fusion polypeptides and/or nucleic acids encoding such fusion polypeptides include conservative substitutions have been introduced by modification of polynucleotides encoding polypeptides of the invention. Amino acids can be classified according to physical properties and contribution to secondary and tertiary protein structure. A conservative substitution is a substitution of one amino acid for another amino acid that has similar properties. Exemplary conservative substitutions are set out in Table A. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE A 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Conservative Substitutions I 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Side chain characteristics 
                 Amino Acid 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Aliphatic 
                 Non-polar 
                 G A P I L V F 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Polar - uncharged 
                 C S T M N Q 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Polar-charged 
                 D E K R 
               
               
                   
                 Aromatic 
                   
                 H F W Y 
               
               
                   
                 Other 
                   
                 N Q D E 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Alternately, conservative amino acids can be grouped as described in Lehninger, (Biochemistry, Second Edition; Worth Publishers, Inc. NY, N.Y. (1975), pp. 71-77) as set forth in Table B. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE B 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Conservative Substitutions II 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Side Chain Characteristic 
                 Amino Acid 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Non-polar (hydrophobic) 
                 Aliphatic: 
                 A L I V P 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Aromatic: 
                 F W Y 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sulfur-containing: 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Borderline: 
                 G Y 
               
               
                   
                 Uncharged-polar 
                 Hydroxyl: 
                 S T Y 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Amides: 
                 N Q 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sulfhydryl: 
                 C 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Borderline: 
                 G Y 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Positively Charged (Basic): 
                 K R H 
               
               
                   
                 Negatively Charged (Acidic): 
                 D E 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Alternately, exemplary conservative substitutions are set out in Table C. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE C 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Conservative Substitutions III 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Original Residue 
                 Exemplary Substitution 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Ala (A) 
                 Val Leu Ile Met 
               
               
                   
                 Arg (R) 
                 Lys His 
               
               
                   
                 Asn (N) 
                 Gln 
               
               
                   
                 Asp (D) 
                 Glu 
               
               
                   
                 Cys (C) 
                 Ser Thr 
               
               
                   
                 Gln (Q) 
                 Asn 
               
               
                   
                 Glu (E) 
                 Asp 
               
               
                   
                 Gly (G) 
                 Ala Val Leu Pro 
               
               
                   
                 His (H) 
                 Lys Arg 
               
               
                   
                 Ile (I) 
                 Leu Val Met Ala Phe 
               
               
                   
                 Leu (L) 
                 Ile Val Met Ala Phe 
               
               
                   
                 Lys (K) 
                 Arg His 
               
               
                   
                 Met (M) 
                 Leu Ile Val Ala 
               
               
                   
                 Phe (F) 
                 Trp Tyr Ile 
               
               
                   
                 Pro (P) 
                 Gly Ala Val Leu Ile 
               
               
                   
                 Ser (S) 
                 Thr 
               
               
                   
                 Thr (T) 
                 Ser 
               
               
                   
                 Trp (W) 
                 Tyr Phe Ile 
               
               
                   
                 Tyr (Y) 
                 Trp Phe Thr Ser 
               
               
                   
                 Val (V) 
                 Ile Leu Met Ala 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     It should be understood that the polypeptides of the disclosure are intended to include polypeptides bearing one or more insertions, deletions, or substitutions, or any combination thereof, of amino acid residues as well as modifications other than insertions, deletions, or substitutions of amino acid residues. Polypeptides or nucleic acids of the disclosure may contain one or more conservative substitution. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, the term “more than one” of the aforementioned amino acid substitutions refers to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, or 20 or more of the recited amino acid substitutions. The term “more than one” may refer to 2, 3, 4, or 5 of the recited amino acid substitutions. 
     Polypeptides and proteins of the disclosure, either their entire sequence, or any portion thereof, may be non-naturally occurring. Polypeptides and proteins of the disclosure may contain one or more mutations, substitutions, deletions, or insertions that do not naturally-occur, rendering the entire amino acid sequence non-naturally occurring. Polypeptides and proteins of the disclosure may contain one or more duplicated, inverted or repeated sequences, the resultant sequence of which does not naturally-occur, rendering the entire amino acid sequence non-naturally occurring. Polypeptides and proteins of the disclosure may contain modified, artificial, or synthetic amino acids that do not naturally-occur, rendering the entire amino acid sequence non-naturally occurring. 
     As used throughout the disclosure, “sequence identity” may be determined by using the stand-alone executable BLAST engine program for blasting two sequences (bl2seq), which can be retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) ftp site, using the default parameters (Tatusova and Madden, FEMS Microbiol Lett., 1999, 174, 247-250; which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). The terms “identical” or “identity” when used in the context of two or more nucleic acids or polypeptide sequences, refer to a specified percentage of residues that are the same over a specified region of each of the sequences. The percentage can be calculated by optimally aligning the two sequences, comparing the two sequences over the specified region, determining the number of positions at which the identical residue occurs in both sequences to yield the number of matched positions, dividing the number of matched positions by the total number of positions in the specified region, and multiplying the result by 100 to yield the percentage of sequence identity. In cases where the two sequences are of different lengths or the alignment produces one or more staggered ends and the specified region of comparison includes only a single sequence, the residues of single sequence are included in the denominator but not the numerator of the calculation. When comparing DNA and RNA, thymine (T) and uracil (U) can be considered equivalent. Identity can be performed manually or by using a computer sequence algorithm such as BLAST or BLAST 2.0. 
     EXAMPLES 
     Example 1: Production of Stem-Like Modified T-Cells 
     The following is an illustrative but nonlimiting example of one protocol for modifying T cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) under conditions that induce or preserve desirable stem-like properties of the T cells. 
     Day 0: Nucleofection of T Cells 
     Pre-warm ImmunoCult™-XF T cell expansion medium (Stemcell Technologies, Cat #: 10981) in 37° C., 5% CO2, high humidity incubator. For 5×10 6  T cells/reaction (100 μL cuvette size) warm 3 mL of media/reaction in a single well of a 6-well plate. For 25×10 6  T cells/reaction (100 μL cuvette size) warm 20 mL of media/reaction in a G-Rex10 (Wilson Wolf, Cat #: 80040S). 
     Warm P3 primary cell solution (Lonza, Cat #: PBP3-02250) up to room temperature and add supplement if necessary. 
     Turn on the core unit (Lonza, Cat #: AAF-1002B) of the 4D-Nucleofector™ System, which controls the X-unit (Lonza, Cat #: AAF-1002X). Program the number of nucleofections required to use P3 buffer. Program EO-210. 
     Label cuvettes, pre-open transfer pipettes (supplied with the Lonza P3 kit), and prepare proper dilutions of nucleic acids prior to working with the cells. 
     For a transposon plasmid, make a 0.5 μg/μL solution in nuclease free H 2 O. 
     Count CD14, CD56, and CD19 depleted cells collected using the CliniMACs Prodigy and calculate the volume needed for the required cell number. 
     Centrifuge T cells at 90 g for 10 minutes with brake at 7 on a Heraeus Multifuge X3R benchtop centrifuge (Thermofisher Scientific). If performing multiple reactions using the same number of cells/reaction, centrifuge all the necessary cells in a single centrifuge tube. Either a 15 mL (Fisher, Cat #: 14-959-49B) or 50 mL (Fisher, Cat #: 14-959-49A) conical tube can be used depending on volume. During centrifugation add nucleic acids directly to the bottom of cuvettes that come with the P3 primary cell solution box (Lonza, Cat #: PBP3-02250). Add 2 μL of the 0.5 μg/μL transposon plasmid solution made in step 4 for a total of 1 μg transposon to one of the bottom corners of the cuvette. Add 5 μg of Super piggyBac™ (SPB) transposase mRNA to the other corner of the cuvette. 
     Because mRNA can be rapidly degraded, it is optimal to minimize the time it is in contact with other nucleic acid solutions and with cells prior to electroporation due to the potential presence of RNases. This is why, for example, the transposon and transposase are delivered to opposite corners of the cuvette to prevent mixing. In addition, it is optimal to keep the total volume of nucleic acids under 10 μL (10%) of the total reaction volume. 
     The amount of both transposon (1 μg) and transposase (5 μg) stays the same regardless of the number of cells/reaction. Transposition efficiencies remain unchanged between 5×10 6  cells/100 μL reaction and 25×10 6  cells/100 μL reaction. 
     Following centrifugation, completely aspirate off the media without disturbing the cell pellet. 
     Suspend the cell pellet in 100 μL of room temperature P3 buffer containing the supplement/reaction. 
     Transfer 100 μL of cells in P3 buffer to a cuvette containing the appropriate nucleic acids, optimally, taking care not to introduce any air bubbles into the solution. It is recommended that only up to 2 cuvettes should loaded with cells at a time. After the addition of cells to the cuvette, it is optimal to work quickly and efficiently to reduce contact time of mRNA with cells prior to nucleofection. While no decrease in transposition efficiency has observed for cells resting in P3 buffer for up to 10 minutes, it is recommended to minimize the amount of time cells remain in P3. 
     Mix the contents of the cuvette by flicking several times and load up to two cuvettes into the 4D-Nucleofector™ X-unit. 
     Pulse the cells with program EO-210 and ensure there was no error recorded by the machine. 
     Immediately transfer the nucleofected cells into either the 6-well plate or G-Rex10 using the transfer pipettes provided with the Lonza P3 kit. To transfer the cells, first draw up a small amount of pre-warmed media into the transfer pipette from either the 6-well plate or the G-Rex flask. Then pipette the media into the cuvette and transfer the entire contents of the cuvette using the pipette into the final culture dish. It is recommended not to pipette the cells up and down in either the cuvette or the final culture dish. 
     Repeat protocol from the transfer of cells in P3 buffer to a cuvette containing the appropriate nucleic acids through the mixing, pulsing, and transfer of the nucleofected cells into either the 6-well plate or G-Rex10 for any remaining reactions. 
     Place cells in incubator at 37° C., 5% CO2, high humidity. 
     Day 2: T Cell Activation 
     Add 25 μL/mL of ImmunoCult™ Human CD3/CD28/CD2 T cell Activator (Stemcell Technologies, Cat #: 10970) to the nucleofected cells. 
     Mix cells gently by pipetting. 
     Place cells back into the incubator at 37° C., 5% CO2, high humidity. 
     For Cells being Grown in G-Rex Flask: 
     It is essential not to disturb the cultures until visible cell clumping is observed. Thus, it is recommended to separate the media additions and changes from the disruption/mixing/pipetting of the cells. 
     Culture Media Notes: 
     For growing cells in the G-Rex flask, media addition and/or changes should be done based off of glucose and other metabolite levels. If the glucose level (or another indicating metabolite) falls to a critical level (˜100 mg/dL of glucose, for example) media volume should be doubled and/or replenished by a half-media change using pre-warmed ImmunoCult™-XF T cell expansion medium. Media addition should be performed slowly and care taken to disrupt the cells as little as possible. Half media changes should be performed at least 12 hours post mechanical disruption of the cell culture to allow the cells to fully settle to the bottom of the culture flask. 
     Cell Sampling and Disruption: 
     Cells should be left undisturbed during much of the culture period. 
     The first disruption of the cell culture following activation reagent addition should occur once large visible aggregates of cells have formed (aggregates will measure 3-4 squares by 3-4 squares of the grid that can be seen on the G-Rex membrane). 
     Once cell aggregates have reached the required size, they can be mechanically disrupted using a 10 mL serological pipette. This time point may occur between 11-14 days depending on donor and transposition efficiency. In certain circumstances, this time point may occur closer to day 14 than day 11, for example, when using a manual cassette, a large volume and/or a large cell number for nucleofection. A sampling of cells should be collected at this point for cell counts, viability, and flow analysis. Ideally the volume of culture medium at this point will have no more than doubled from the initial volume used (200 mL for a G-Rex100). It is recommended to collect all of the cells needed at once so that the cells do not need to be disturbed again. 
     Once the cells have been disrupted they should be left undisturbed for 12 hours in the same volume of media they started in. Cells should re-aggregate at this point; however, the aggregates will be smaller and more numerous. These aggregates should measure 1-2 squares by 1-2 squares on the G-Rex membrane grid. 
     Three days following the first disruption (day 14-17 depending on the culture) of the cells they can be pipetted a second time. Samples should be taken again for cell counts, viability, and flow cytometry. Once again the cells should be left undisturbed for at least 12 hours post sampling. It is recommended to collect all of the cells needed at once so that the cells do not need to be disturbed again. 
     Following this second disruption, the cells will likely not form any clumps and the rate of cell growth will slow considerably. 
     Cell harvest should be performed 3 days after the second disruption of cells between day 17 and day 20 of the culture. 
     Flow Cytometry 
     Flow should be run on Day 5, D-Day, D-Day+3, and D-Day+6. 
     For Day 5, D-Day, and D-Day+3 use the CD45, CD4, CD8, and CARTyrin flow panel 
     For D-Day+6, there are 3 target panels: 
     a. Panel 1: CD3, CD8, CD4, CARTyrin, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD62L 
     b. Panel 2: CD3, CD8, CD4, CARTyrin, CD25, CXCR4, PD-1 
     c. Panel 3: CD45, CD14, CD20, CD56, CD8, CD4, CD3 
     Example 2: Functional Characterization of CARTyrin+ Stem Memory T Cells 
     CARTyrins of the disclosure may be introduced to T cells using a plasmid DNA transposon encoding the CARTyrin that is flanked by two cis-regulatory insulator elements to help stabilize CARTyrin expression by blocking improper gene activation or silencing. 
     In certain embodiments of the methods of the disclosure, the piggyBac™ (PB) Transposon System may be used for stable integration of antigen-specific (including cancer antigen-specific) CARTyrin into resting pan T cells, whereby the transposon was co-delivered along with an mRNA transposase enzyme, called Super piggyBac™ (SPB), in a single electroporation reaction. Delivery of piggyBac™ transposon into untouched, resting primary human pan T cells resulted in 20-30% of cells with stable integration and expression of PB-delivered genes. Unexpectedly, a majority of these modified CARTyrin-expressing T cells were positive for expression of CD62L and CD45RA, markers commonly associated with stem memory T-cells (T SCM  cells). To confirm that this phenotype was retained upon CAR-T cell stimulation and expansion, the modified CARTyrin-expressing T cells positive for expression of CD62L and CD45RA were activated via stimulation of CD3 and CD28. As a result of stimulation of CD3 and CD28, &gt;60% of CARTyrin+ T cells exhibited a stem-cell memory phenotype. Furthermore, these cells, which expressed a CARTyrin specific for a cancer antigen, were fully capable of expressing potent anti-tumor effector function. 
     To determine whether or not the PB system directly contributed to enhancing the expression of stem-like markers, the phenotype of CAR-T cells generated either by PB transposition or lentiviral (LV) transduction was compared. To do this, a new vector was constructed by subcloning the CARTyrin transgene into a common LV construct for production of virus. Following introduction of the CARTyrin to untouched resting T cells either by PB-transposition or LV-transduction, the CARTyrin +  cells were expanded and then allowed to return to a resting state. A variety of phenotypic and functional characteristics were measured including kinetic analysis of memory and exhaustion-associated markers, secondary proliferation in response to homeostatic cytokine or tumor-associated Ag, cytokine production, and lytic capability in response to target tumor cells. Unlike the PB-transposed CARTyrin +  T cells, the LV-transduced CARTyrin +  T cells did not exhibit an augmented memory phenotype. In addition, PB-transposed cells exhibited a comparable or greater capability for secondary proliferation and killing of target tumor cells. Together, these data demonstrate that CAR-T cells produced by PB transposition are predominantly T SCM  cells, a highly desirable product phenotype in the CAR-T field. Furthermore, these CARTyrin +  T cells exhibit strong anti-tumor activity and may give rise to cells that persist longer in vivo due to the use of a Centyrin-based CAR, which may be less prone to tonic signaling and functional exhaustion. 
     Example 3: Sleeping Beauty Transposition Yields Predominantly T SCM  Phenotype 
     Sleeping Beauty (SB100x) Transposition yielded a predominately T SCM  phenotype using the methods of the disclosure. Human pan T cells were transposed using 1 μg of either a Sleeping Beauty or piggyBac transposon plasmid and SB100x or SPB mRNA, respectively as shown in  FIG. 10 . Following transposition, cells were expanded ex vivo and all non-transposed cells were depleted using a drug selection system. Following 18 days in culture, cells were stained with the phenotypic markers CD4, CD8, CD45RA, and CD62L. Stem cell memory phenotype (T SCM ) is defined by CD45RA and CD62L double positive cells and make up &gt;65% of the cells in all of samples. 
     Example 4: Expression of Factor IX in Modified T-Cells 
     Genetic deficiencies in Factor IX ( FIG. 11 ) lead to a life threatening disease called Hemophila B. Hemophila B is a rare disease that affects 1 in 25,000 to 1 in 30,000 people. Current Hemophilia B treatments involve an infusion of recombinant Factor IX protein every 2-3 days, at a cost of around $250,000 per year. 
     Stem memory T cells (T SCM  cells) are maintained in humans for several decades, and are therefore an ideal vehicle to secrete Factor IX, supplying the Factor IX missing in Hemophilia B patients without the need for frequent transfusions. T cells were transformed with PiggyBac to secrete Factor IX. When transgenic T cells encoding a human Factor IX transgene were examined for T and T SCM  cell markers using FACS, approximately 80% of all cells showed a T SCM  phenotype ( FIG. 12 ). These modified T cells were able to secrete human Factor IX ( FIG. 13A ), and this secreted Factor IX provided clotting activity ( FIG. 13B ). 
     INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
     Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern. 
     OTHER EMBODIMENTS 
     While particular embodiments of the disclosure have been illustrated and described, various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The scope of the appended claims includes all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this disclosure.