Patent Publication Number: US-2015067592-A1

Title: Methods and Systems for Interacting with a Digital Marking Surface

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     Aspects of the present invention relate generally to methods and systems for interacting with a digital marking surface and, more particularly, to methods and systems for managing an ink tool. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A digital-marking-surface apparatus may comprise a digital marking surface on which a user may draw a digital ink mark and on which other digital content may be displayed. Digital ink marks may be placed on the digital marking surface, by a user, using a pen device, a stylus, a finger or another marking device or object. Additionally, other digital content, for example, an image, video content playing in a video window, a computer application running in an application window, content associated with a remote desktop, web content, multimedia content and other digital content, may be displayed on the digital marking surface. 
     Methods and systems for enhancing user interaction with a digital marking surface without disruption of instruction, thought conveyance and/or thought capture may be desirable. 
     SUMMARY 
     Some embodiments of the present invention comprise methods and systems for interacting with a digital marking surface, in particular, methods and systems for activating an ink tool. 
     According to a first aspect of the present invention, an activation gesture proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool may activate the ink tool if the ink tool is not active. 
     According to a second aspect of the present invention, an activation gesture may initiate a determination of whether or not an ink unit proximate to the location of the activation gesture is associated with an ink tool and, when the ink unit is associated with an ink tool, may effectuate activation of the ink tool. 
     According to a third aspect of the present invention, an activation gesture may effectuate activation all dormant ink tools meeting one, or more, conditions. 
     According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, identification of an ink unit as an ink-tool mark may effectuate activation of the ink tool associated with the ink-tool mark. 
     According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of ink tools may be activated as a group. 
     The foregoing and other objectives, features, and advantages of the invention will be more readily understood upon consideration of the following detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a picture illustrating exemplary embodiments of the present invention comprising a digital-marking-surface system; 
         FIG. 2  is a picture illustrating the relationship between digital ink marks and ink units according to some embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a picture illustrating the functionality of an exemplary ink tool according to some embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a picture illustrating the behavior of an exemplary ink tool according to some embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a picture illustrating the behavior of a time-out ink-tool deactivation according to some embodiments of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a picture illustrating the functionality of an exemplary deactivation ink tool, according to some embodiments of the present invention, comprising placement of a first ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on a second ink unit associated with the ink tool for which deactivation is desired; 
         FIG. 7  is a picture illustrating the functionality of an exemplary deactivation ink tool, according to some embodiments of the present invention, comprising placement of an ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on a floatie associated with the ink tool for which deactivation is desired; 
         FIG. 8  is a picture illustrating the functionality of an exemplary deactivation ink tool, according to some embodiments of the present invention, comprising placement of an ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on any otherwise unoccupied portion of a digital marking surface; 
         FIG. 9  is a picture illustrating ink-tool deactivation, according to some embodiments of the present invention, comprising a tap gesture on an ink unit associated with the ink tool for which deactivation is desired; 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising ink-tool deactivation via a tap gesture; 
         FIG. 11  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising tap recognition; 
         FIG. 12  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising ink-tool recognition; 
         FIG. 13  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool comprising operation based on placement of a first ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on a second ink unit associated with the ink tool for which deactivation is desired; 
         FIG. 14  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool comprising operation based on placement of an ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on a user-input solicitation mechanism (UISM) associated with the ink tool for which deactivation is desired; 
         FIG. 15  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool comprising operation based on placement of an ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool on an otherwise unoccupied portion of a digital marking surface; 
         FIG. 16  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising activation of an ink tool based on an activation gesture applied proximate to an ink unit associated with the ink tool, wherein receipt of the activation gesture initiates determination of whether or not an ink tool is associated with the ink unit; 
         FIG. 17  is a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising activation of an ink tool based on an activation gesture applied proximate to an ink unit associated with the ink tool, wherein a potential ink tool is logged as a potential ink tool upon receipt of the ink unit associated with the ink tool; 
         FIG. 18  is a picture illustrating visual cues, according to embodiments of the present invention, relating to a potential ink tool; 
         FIG. 19  is a picture illustrating operation of embodiments of the present invention relating to serial ink-tool activation; 
         FIG. 20  is a picture illustrating operation of embodiments of the present invention relating to serial ink-tool activation; 
         FIG. 21  is a picture illustrating operation of embodiments of the present invention relating to serial ink-tool activation; 
         FIG. 22  is a picture illustrating operation of embodiments of the present invention relating to activation of multiple ink tools; 
         FIG. 23  is a picture illustrating operation of embodiments of the present invention relating to activation of multiple ink tools; 
         FIGS. 24A and 24B  are a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising activation of multiple ink tools; and 
         FIGS. 25A and 25B  are a chart depicting some embodiments of the present invention comprising activation of multiple ink tools. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments of the present invention will be best understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The figures listed above are expressly incorporated as part of this detailed description. 
     It will be readily understood that the components of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of the embodiments of the methods, systems and apparatus of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but it is merely representative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention. 
     Elements of embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in hardware, firmware and/or a non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon/in which may be used to program a computing system. While exemplary embodiments revealed herein may only describe one of these forms, it is to be understood that one skilled in the art would be able to effectuate these elements in any of these forms while resting within the scope of the present invention. 
     Although the charts and diagrams in the figures may show a specific order of execution, it is understood that the order of execution may differ from that which is depicted. For example, the order of execution of the blocks may be changed relative to the shown order. Also, as a further example, two or more blocks shown in succession in a figure may be executed concurrently, or with partial concurrence. It is understood by those with ordinary skill in the art that a non-transitory computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon/in which may be used to program a computing system, hardware and/or firmware may be created by one of ordinary skill in the art to carry out the various logical functions described herein. 
     A digital-marking-surface apparatus may comprise a digital marking surface on which a user may draw a digital ink mark and on which other digital content may be displayed. Digital ink marks may be placed on the digital marking surface, by a user, using a pen device, a stylus, a finger or another marking device or object. Additionally, other digital content, for example, an image, video content playing in a video window, a computer application running in an application window, content associated with a remote desktop, web content, multimedia content and other digital content, may be displayed on the digital marking surface. 
     Methods and systems for enhancing user interaction with a digital marking surface without disruption of instruction, thought conveyance and/or thought capture may be desirable. 
     Exemplary devices comprising a digital marking surface may include an electronic interactive whiteboard (IWB) device, a tablet computing device, a cellular telephone, an entertainment device, a combined input/display device comprising a touch panel and other devices that support touch-based, stylus-based and/or digital-pen-based user placement of digital ink marks on the digital marking surface and may comprise a controller and a processor for processing the digital ink marks and controlling the display of content, on the digital marking surface, based on the processing results. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates an exemplary digital-marking-surface system  100  according to some embodiments of the present invention. The digital-marking-surface system  100  may comprise a digital marking surface  102 , for example, an interactive whiteboard, a touch-screen display and other digital marking surfaces. Some embodiments of the present invention may comprise an electronic interactive whiteboard comprising a sensing technology for tracking an interaction on the digital marking surface  102 . Exemplary sensing technologies include resistive sensing technologies, capacitive sensing technologies, active electromagnetic sensing technologies, passive electromagnetic sensing technologies, optical sensing technologies, for example, infrared based, laser based, camera based and other optical-based sensing technologies, ultrasonic sensing technologies, dispersive signal technologies and other sensing technologies. 
     A user may place a digital ink mark, also considered an ink mark, a digital mark and a digital-ink mark, on the digital marking surface  102  using a marking device, for example, a mouse, a keyboard, a stylus, a specialized marking-device pen, a finger and other marking devices capable of inputting a digital ink mark on the digital marking surface  102 . The digital marking surface  102  may also display digital images and other digital content, for example, a digital video playing in a video window, a computer application running in an application window, content associated with a remote desktop, web content, multimedia content and other digital content. Ink marks and other digital content displayed on the digital marking surface  102  may collectively be referred to as content. 
     The digital-marking-surface system  100  may comprise a digital-marking-surface system controller  104  for controlling the digital-marking-surface system  100 . The digital-marking-surface system controller  104  may comprise digital-marking-surface electronics  106  for controlling the digital marking surface  102 , for making measurements from the digital marking surface  102  and for other control functions associated with the digital-marking-surface system  100 . The digital-marking-surface system controller  104  may comprise a power supply  108 , a controller memory  110 , a controller processor  112 , a digital-to-analog converter (DAC)  114  and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  115 . In some embodiments of the present invention (not shown), the digital-marking-surface system controller  104  may be physically integrated into a single apparatus with the digital marking surface  102 . In alternative embodiments, the digital-marking-surface system controller  104  may be physically separate from, but electronically and communicatively connected to, the digital marking surface  102 . 
     The digital-marking-surface system  100  may comprise a processor  116  and an application memory  118 . In some embodiments of the present invention (not shown), the processor  116  and the application memory  118  may be physically integrated into a single apparatus with the digital marking surface  102 . In alternative embodiments of the present invention (not shown), the processor  116  and the application memory  118  may be physically integrated into a single apparatus with the digital-marking-surface system controller  104 . In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, the processor  116  and the application memory  118  may be separate from, but electronically and communicatively connected to, one, or both, of the digital marking surface  102  and the digital-marking-surface system controller  104 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the processor  116  and application memory  118  may reside in a computing device  120 . 
     An exemplary computing device  120  may comprise system memory  122 , which may comprise read-only memory (ROM)  124  and random-access memory (RAM)  126 . The exemplary computing device  120  may comprise a basic input/output system (BIOS)  128 , which may reside in ROM  124 , for controlling the transfer of information between the components of the computing device  120  via a system bus  130 . The exemplary computing device  120  may comprise one, or more, data storage devices (one shown)  132 , for example, a hard disk drive, a magnetic disk drive, an optical disk drive or other data storage device, for reading from and writing to a computer-readable medium (one shown)  134 , for example, a hard disk, an optical disk, a magnetic disk or other computer-readable medium. The exemplary computing device  120  may also comprise an associated data-storage-device interface  136  for connecting the data storage device  132  to the system bus  130 . 
     A digital-marking-surface application program may be stored on the read-only memory  124 , on the random-access memory  126  or on the one, or more, data storage devices  132 . The digital-marking-surface application program may comprise instructions that, when executed, may control the digital-marking-surface system  100 , may process input from the digital marking surface  102 , may effectuate changes in the content displayed on the digital marking surface  102  and may otherwise implement a digital-marking-surface application program. 
     The exemplary computing device  120  may comprise an input device  138 , for example, a mouse, a keyboard, a joystick or other input device, which may be connected, to the system bus  130 , via an interface  140 , for example, a parallel port, game port, universal serial bus or other interface. 
     The exemplary computing device  120  may comprise a display  142 , which may be connected, via a video adapter  144 , to the system bus  130 . 
     The exemplary computing device  120  may be communicatively coupled with the digital-marking-surface system controller  104  via a network interface  146  or other communication connection. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be understood in relation to  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 2  depicts a digital marking surface  200 . During use, a user may create a digital ink mark, or digital ink stroke,  202  with “digital ink” on the digital marking surface  200 . Typically, a user will use a pen, stylus, finger or other digital marking device  204  to activate sensors that locate the digital marking device  204  relative to the digital marking surface  200  and place a digital ink mark  202  on the digital marking surface  200  at the location of the digital marking device  204 . A digital marking device  204  may comprise electronics or other components to enhance or enable detection, however, in some embodiments, a digital marking device  204  may simply be a user&#39;s finger or a dumb stylus. A digital marking device  204  may be anything used to make a digital ink mark on the digital marking surface  200 . 
     Sensors of the digital-marking-surface system  100  may detect the digital marking device  204  when the digital marking device  204  makes contact, for example, at location  206 , with the digital marking surface  200 . This may be referred to as a “pen-down” action. Sensors of the digital-marking-surface system  100  may also detect a location  208  at which the digital marking device  204  leaves contact with the digital marking surface  200 . This may be referred to as a “pen-up” action. The motion of the digital marking device  204  along the digital marking surface  200  between a pen-down-action location  206  and a pen-up-action location  208  may be used to define a digital ink mark  202 . A digital ink mark  202  may take any shape and may relate to handwriting symbols, graphics or other marks. In typical use, digital ink marks will define alphanumeric characters and diagrammatical elements. 
     A digital-marking-surface system controller and/or a connected computing device may be used to identify digital ink marks through system sensors as the digital ink marks are input and to convert sensor input into an image of the digital mark displayed on the digital marking surface  200 . Accordingly, as a user writes with a digital marking device  204  on the digital marking surface  200 , a digital ink mark  202  appears on the digital marking surface  200  at the location of the digital marking device  204 . When a digital ink mark is converted to an image displayed on the digital marking surface  200 , that image of the mark may be referred to as a basic ink unit. 
     The digital-marking-surface system controller and/or a connected computing device may also function to aggregate basic ink units into compound ink units. A plurality of basic ink units may be aggregated into a single compound ink unit. For example, a series of handwritten characters may be aggregated into a word represented by a compound ink unit. As another example, a series of words represented by basic or compound ink units may be aggregated into another compound ink unit corresponding to a sentence or paragraph. Aggregation of ink units may be based on geometric relationships, semantic relationships and other relationships. 
     With further reference to  FIG. 2 , a user may place a digital ink mark by a pen-down action at a first location  210  followed by a horizontal stroke and pen-up action at a second location  212 . In response, a digital-marking-surface system controller or a connected computing device draws a first basic ink unit  214  between the first location  210  and the second location  212 . The system may then analyze first basic ink unit  214  to determine whether it conforms to any known character, symbol or predefined diagrammatic gesture description, also considered an ink gesture. If first basic ink unit  214  does not conform to any predefined diagrammatic gesture description, it may persist as a basic ink unit. The user may then place another digital ink mark on digital marking surface  200  with a pen-down action at a third location  216  followed by a stroke and a pen-up action at a fourth location  218 . The system converts this digital ink mark into a second basic ink unit  220  displayed on the digital marking surface  200 . The system then analyzes second basic ink unit and any other basic ink units proximate to second basic ink unit. In this example, first basic ink unit is proximate to second basic ink unit so first and second basic ink units are analyzed together to determine whether, together, they conform to a known description. In this case, the basic ink units are recognized as the letter “T” and are combined as a compound ink unit  222  comprising the alphanumeric character “T”. The user may then make another digital ink mark  224  with a pen-down action at a fifth location  226 , a cursive stroke and a pen-up action at a sixth location  228 . The digital-marking-surface system controller and/or a connected computing device may convert this action into a basic ink unit  230 . This third basic ink unit may be analyzed and converted to a compound ink unit with the characters “h” and “e”. Because of the proximity and orientation of third basic ink unit  230  and compound ink unit  222 , this combination of ink units may be analyzed and another compound ink unit  232  may be created to represent the word “The”. Similar processes may be used to create compound ink units  233 ,  234 . Compound ink units may be further analyzed to determine further relationships. In this example, compound ink units  232 - 234  may be analyzed and found to constitute a sentence based on character recognition, grammatical rules and other relationships. Another compound ink unit  236  may be created to represent this sentence. Basic and compound ink units may be generated for strokes, characters, shapes, images and other diagrammatical objects and marks. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, basic and compound ink units may be generated for strokes, characters, shapes, images and other diagrammatical objects and marks drawn within temporal and/or spatial limits. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, basic and compound ink units may be generated for strokes, characters, shapes, images and other diagrammatical objects and marks drawn in accordance with a predefined dictionary. For example, a plurality of ink marks matching a predefined template or dictionary entry may be grouped into a compound ink unit irrespective of temporal or z-order placement on the digital marking surface. 
     An ink unit along with a dynamic characteristic of the placement of the ink unit may be considered an ink gesture. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a predefined ink unit may be associated with a software entity, or other control entity, that may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions. In some embodiments of the present invention, the predefined ink unit may comprise a compound ink unit. In some embodiments, the compound ink unit may comprise a plurality of spatially proximate basic ink units. In alternative embodiments, the compound ink unit may comprise a plurality of spatially separated ink units. In some embodiments of the present invention, a predefined ink gesture may be associated with a software entity, or other control entity, that may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions. 
     Such a predefined ink unit or ink gesture associated with a software entity, or other control entity, that may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions may be referred to as an ink-tool mark, an ink-tool ink mark, an ink-tool unit, an ink-tool ink unit, an ink-tool gesture and/or an ink-tool ink gesture, wherein “ink tool” may refer to the software entity, or other control entity, that may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions. 
     To cause an ink tool to execute may be referred to as activating the ink tool. Activation of an ink tool may initiate a query for user input. For some ink tools, user input may be required to disambiguate the user-intended action. In some embodiments of the present invention, a pop-up menu, also referred to as a floatie, may be used to query for user input. In alternative embodiments, other mechanisms, for example, a radio button, a slider bar, a text-input window and other graphical-user-interface mechanisms, for solicitation of user input may be used. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, recognition of an ink-tool mark may automatically effectuate activation of the ink tool. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an ink tool may require an activation gesture before the ink tool operates. An ink tool in a state wherein an activation gesture is required for operation may be referred to as a “dormant” ink tool, and the state of a “dormant” ink tool may be referred to as the dormant state. An ink tool that operates without further action may be referred to as an “active” ink tool, and the state of an “active” ink tool may be referred to as the active state. An ink tool in a wait-state waiting for user input may be referred to as a “pending” ink tool, and the state of a “pending” ink tool may be referred to as the pending state. In some embodiments of the present invention, deactivation of an ink tool may place an ink tool in a dormant state. In some embodiments of the present invention, a data structure identifying all detected ink tools and their respective states may be maintained. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, deactivation of an ink tool may remove any ink tool association with the ink unit associated with the ink tool. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may use Microsoft&#39;s Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF). WPF comprises a resolution-independent, vector-based rendering engine that works in conjunction with digital-marking-surface system controller and/or a connected computing device. Some embodiments may use Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML) markup along with managed programming language code stored on and implemented by digital-marking-surface system controller and/or a connected computing device. Some embodiments of the present invention may use Microsoft gesture recognition tools. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, an ink unit or ink gesture may be associated with an ink tool which may effectuate the manipulation of content displayed on the digital marking surface. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates the behavior of an exemplary ink tool in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 3  depicts a digital marking surface  300  on which four compound ink units have been placed: a first compound ink unit  302  corresponding to the word “One”; a second compound ink unit  304  corresponding to the word “Two”; a third compound ink unit  306  corresponding to the word “Three”; and a fourth compound ink unit  310  corresponding to the word “Four”. An ink unit  308  in the form of a line drawn across the three words “One”, “Two” and “Three” has been placed on the digital marking surface  300 . In this example, the ink unit  308  corresponds to a first ink tool which may effectuate one of three actions on the intersected content: a first action deleting the intersected content; a second action converting the intersected content to a list; and a third action performing a Wolfram Alpha search on the intersected content. Thus, the ink unit  308  may be referred to as the ink-tool ink mark associated with the first ink tool. In order to disambiguate the user-intended action, a pop-up menu  312 , also referred to as a floatie, presenting the multiple options may be displayed on the digital marking surface  300 . In alternative embodiments, not shown, an alternative user-input solicitation mechanism (UISM) may be used. Thus, the first ink tool is “pending” as it requires user-input event before it may operate. In this example, upon recognition of the ink-tool ink mark associated with the first ink tool, the first ink tool may be automatically activated without a further activation event. 
     When a user selects one of the menu items from the floatie  312 , the ink unit  308  corresponding to the first ink tool, in addition to the floatie  312 , may be removed from the digital marking surface  300 , and an action associated with the floatie  312  command may be executed. In the example shown in  FIG. 3 , if the menu item  314  “Delete word(s)” is selected, the ink units  302 ,  304 ,  306  intersecting the ink unit  308  corresponding to the ink tool may be removed from the digital marking surface  300  when the selected menu-item  314  command from the floatie  312  is executed. The floatie  312  and the ink-tool ink mark  308  associated with the first ink tool may be removed from the digital marking surface  300  also, effectively deleting the first ink tool.  FIG. 4  illustrates the digital marking surface  400  after the selected menu-item  314  command from the floatie  312  is executed. As illustrated, only the compound ink unit  402  “Four” remains. 
     According to some embodiments of the present invention, if no menu item from a floatie  312  is selected within a timeout period, the floatie  312  may be removed from the digital marking surface  300 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the first ink tool may be deactivated and the ink-tool ink mark (ink unit  308 ) associated with the first ink tool may persist without the ink tool association. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the first ink tool may be deactivated and the ink-tool ink mark (ink unit  308 ) associated with the first ink tool may persist in association with the first ink tool in a “dormant” state. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates the digital marking surface  500  after a timeout period during which no menu item was selected from the floatie  312 . The ink unit  502  persists without an associated displayed floatie. The compound ink units “One”  504 , “Two”  506 , “Three”  508  and “Four”  510  remain. 
     According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first ink tool may be deactivated by a second ink tool associated with deactivation. Some of these embodiments may be understood in relation to  FIGS. 6-8 . 
       FIG. 6  depicts a digital marking surface  600  on which four compound ink units have been placed: a first compound ink unit  602  corresponding to the word “One”; a second compound ink unit  604  corresponding to the word “Two”; a third compound ink unit  606  corresponding to the word “Three”; and a fourth compound ink unit  610  corresponding to the word “Four”. An ink unit  608  in the form of a line drawn across the three words “One”, “Two” and “Three” has been placed on the digital marking surface  600 . In this example, the ink unit  608  corresponds to a first ink tool which may effectuate one of three actions on the intersected content: a first action deleting the intersected content; a second action converting the intersected content to a list; and a third action performing a Wolfram Alpha search on the intersected content. In order to disambiguate the user-intended action, a pop-up menu  612 , also referred to as a floatie, presenting the multiple options may be displayed on the digital marking surface  600 . In alternative embodiments, not shown, an alternative UISM may be used. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark, for example, a “scribble” ink unit  614  placed on the digital marking surface  600  such that the “scribble” ink unit  614  intersects the ink-tool mark  608  associated with the first ink tool, may effectuate deactivation of the first ink tool. The deactivation-ink-tool ink mark  614  may be recognized and a deactivation ink tool may be instantiated which may deactivate the first ink tool. Thus, as when the first ink tool was deactivated due to a timeout,  FIG. 5  illustrates the digital marking surface  500  after deactivation of the first ink tool associated with the ink-tool mark  608 . The ink unit  502  persists without an associated displayed floatie. The compound ink units “One”  504 , “Two”  506 , “Three”  508  and “Four”  510  remain, while the “scribble” ink unit  614  is removed as the deactivation ink tool effectuates the deactivation of the first ink tool. 
       FIG. 7  depicts a digital marking surface  700  on which four compound ink units have been placed: a first compound ink unit  702  corresponding to the word “One”; a second compound ink unit  704  corresponding to the word “Two”; a third compound ink unit  706  corresponding to the word “Three”; and a fourth compound ink unit  710  corresponding to the word “Four”. An ink unit  708  in the form of a line drawn across the three words “One”, “Two” and “Three” has been placed on the digital marking surface  700 . In this example, the ink unit  708  corresponds to a first ink tool which may effectuate one of three actions on the intersected content: a first action deleting the intersected content; a second action converting the intersected content to a list; and a third action performing a Wolfram Alpha search on the intersected content. In order to disambiguate the user-intended action, a pop-up menu  712 , also referred to as a floatie, presenting the multiple options may be displayed on the digital marking surface  700 . In alternative embodiments, not shown, an alternative UISM may be used. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark, for example, a “scribble” ink unit  714  placed on the digital marking surface  700  such that the “scribble” ink unit  714  intersects the floatie  712  associated with the first ink tool may effectuate deactivation of the first ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, a further condition that the “scribble” ink unit does not originate on the floatie may be required. As when the first ink tool was deactivated due to a timeout,  FIG. 5  illustrates the digital marking surface  500  after deactivation of the first ink tool associated with the ink-tool mark  708 . The ink unit  502  persists without an associated displayed floatie. The compound ink units “One”  504 , “Two”  506 , “Three”  508  and “Four”  510  remain, while the “scribble” ink mark  714  and the floatie  712  are removed as the deactivation ink tool effectuates the deactivation of the first ink tool. 
       FIG. 8  depicts a digital marking surface  800  on which four compound ink units have been placed: a first compound ink unit  802  corresponding to the word “One”; a second compound ink unit  804  corresponding to the word “Two”; a third compound ink unit  806  corresponding to the word “Three”; and a fourth compound ink unit  810  corresponding to the word “Four”. An ink unit  808  in the form of a line drawn across the three words “One”, “Two” and “Three” has been placed on the digital marking surface  800 . In this example, the ink unit  808  corresponds to a first ink tool which may effectuate one of three actions on the intersected content: a first action deleting the intersected content; a second action converting the intersected content to a list; and a third action performing a Wolfram Alpha search on the intersected content. In order to disambiguate the user-intended action, a pop-up menu  812 , also referred to as a floatie, presenting the multiple options may be displayed on the digital marking surface  800 . In alternative embodiments, not shown, an alternative UISM may be used. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark, for example, a “scribble” ink unit  814  placed on an otherwise blank region of the digital marking surface  800  may effectuate deactivation of the first ink tool. Thus as when the first ink tool was deactivated due to a timeout,  FIG. 5  illustrates the digital marking surface  500  after deactivation of the first ink tool associated with the ink mark  808 . The ink unit  502  persists without any ink tool association. The compound ink units “One”  504 , “Two”  506 , “Three”  508  and “Four”  510  remain. In some embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark placed on an otherwise blank region of a digital marking surface may effectuate deactivation of all active ink tools. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark placed on an otherwise blank region of a digital marking surface may effectuate deactivation of all active ink tools of a particular type. In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, a deactivation-ink-tool ink mark placed on an otherwise blank region of a digital marking surface may effectuate deactivation of all active ink tools activated within a time interval relative to the placement of the deactivation-ink-tool ink mark. 
       FIG. 9  depicts a digital marking surface  900  on which four compound ink units have been placed: a first compound ink unit  902  corresponding to the word “One”; a second compound ink unit  904  corresponding to the word “Two”; a third compound ink unit  906  corresponding to the word “Three”; and a fourth compound ink unit  910  corresponding to the word “Four”. An ink unit  908  in the form of a line drawn across the three words “One”, “Two” and “Three” has been placed on the digital marking surface  900 . In this example, the ink unit  908  corresponds to a first ink tool which may effectuate one of three actions on the intersected content: a first action deleting the intersected content; a second action converting the intersected content to a list; and a third action performing a Wolfram Alpha search on the intersected content. In order to disambiguate the user-intended action, a pop-up menu  912 , also referred to as a floatie, presenting the multiple options may be displayed on the digital marking surface  900 . In alternative embodiments, not shown, an alternative UISM may be used. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, an ink tool, for example, the first ink tool associated with the ink unit  908 , may be deactivated by a tap gesture, with a marking device  914 , on the ink unit associated with the first ink tool. Thus as when the first ink tool was deactivated due to a timeout,  FIG. 5  illustrates the digital marking surface  500  after deactivation of the first ink tool associated with the ink unit  908 . The ink unit  502  persists without an associated displayed floatie. The compound ink units “One”  504 , “Two”  506 , “Three”  508  and “Four”  510  remain. In alternative embodiments the first ink tool associated with the ink unit  908  may be deactivated by a double-tap gesture. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may comprise a combination of ink-tool deactivation methods described above. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be described in relation to  FIGS. 10A and 10B .  FIGS. 10A and 10B  are charts describing a method(s)  1000 , in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, for deactivation of an ink tool. An ink unit may be received  1002  in a processor associated with a digital marking surface. A determination  1004  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is a tap gesture. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be described in relation to  FIG. 11 .  FIG. 11  is a chart describing a method(s)  1100 , in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, for determining whether or not an ink unit is a tap gesture, wherein a tap gesture corresponds to a user tapping a digital marking surface with a digital writing device. A determination  1102  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit consists of a small number of points, for example, a single point or less than three points, wherein a point may be a cluster of pixels or a single pixel. If the received ink unit does  1104  consist of a small number of points, then a determination  1106  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is within the boundary of a small region, for example, a 10 pixel by 10 pixel region or other small region. If the received ink unit is  1108  within a small region, then the region may be expanded  1110  for additional processing, for example, to a 12 pixel by 12 pixel region, and the received ink unit may be classified  1112  as a “tap”. If the received ink unit does not  1114  consist of a small number of points, then the received ink unit may be classified  1116  as “not a tap”. If the received ink unit is not  1118  within a small region, then the received ink unit may be classified  1120  as “not a tap”. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 10A  and  FIG. 10B , if the received ink unit is determined  1006  to be a tap gesture, then a determination  1008  may be made as to whether or not the tap gesture intersects an existing ink unit. If the expanded stroke region identified during tap gesture determination intersects  1010  an existing ink unit, then a determination  1012  may be made as to whether or not there is a UISM displayed in conjunction with the existing ink unit. If there is  1014  a displayed UISM associated with the existing ink unit, then the UISM may be canceled  1016 , as part of the ink-tool deactivation, removing the displayed UISM from the digital marking surface, and the ink-tool deactivation may be completed  1018 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise setting the state of the ink tool to “dormant”. In alternative embodiments, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise removing an ink tool association from the ink-tool mark, and the ink-tool mark associated with the ink tool may persist as an ink unit. If there is not  1020  a displayed UISM associated with the existing ink unit, then a determination  1022  may be made as to whether or not the existing ink unit is associated with an ink tool. If the existing ink unit is  1024  associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be activated  1026 . If the existing ink unit is not  1028  associated with an ink tool, then the existing ink unit may be retained  1030  as an ink unit without an associated ink tool. 
     If the tap gesture does not  1032  intersect an existing ink unit, then a determination  1034  may be made as to whether or not the tap gesture occurred on a UISM, if the tap gesture occurred  1036  on a UISM, then the ink tool may be deleted  1038 . Deletion of the ink tool may comprise removing, from the digital marking surface, the ink-tool mark associated with the ink tool that is associated with the UISM. The command selected from the UISM may be executed  1040 . 
     If the tap gesture did not occur  1042  on a UISM, then the received ink unit may be retained  1030  as an ink unit without an associated ink tool. 
     If the received ink unit is not  1044  classified as a tap gesture, then the ink unit may be examined to determine  1046  whether or not the ink unit corresponds to an ink tool. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be described in relation to  FIG. 12 .  FIG. 12  is a chart describing a method(s)  1200 , in accordance with embodiments of the present invention, for determining whether or not an ink unit is associated with an ink tool. The ink unit may be received  1202  by an ink-tool recognizer. A determination  1204  may be made as to whether or not all possible ink tools have been considered. If all possible ink tools have  1206  been considered, then the received ink unit is not associated  1208  with an ink tool. If there are remaining ink tools to consider  1210 , then a next ink tool may be considered  1212 . A determination  1214  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit has the correct shape for the ink tool under consideration. If not  1216 , remaining ink tools, if any, may be considered. If so  1218 , a determination  1220  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is proximate to content of an appropriate type for the ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, proximate may be spatial proximity. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, proximate may be temporal proximity. In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, proximate may be semantic proximity. If appropriate content is not detected  1222 , remaining ink tools, if any, may be considered. If appropriate content is detected  1224 , then the received ink unit may be associated with the ink tool under consideration. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool intersects, or is near to, another ink-tool ink mark, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to the intersected ink tool. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool intersects, but does not start on, a UISM associated with an ink tool, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to the ink tool associated with the intersected UISM. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tools intersects a UISM associated with an ink tool, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to the ink tool associated with the intersected UISM. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool is drawn on any otherwise blank portion of the digital marking surface, thus not intersecting any content, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to the spatially nearest active ink tool. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool is drawn on any otherwise blank portion of the digital marking surface, thus not intersecting any content, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to the most recently activated ink tool. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention comprising a deactivation ink tool for ink-tool deactivation, if the ink unit associated with the deactivation ink tool is drawn on any otherwise blank portion of the digital marking surface, thus not intersecting any content, then that may be considered appropriate content and the deactivation ink tool may be applied to any ink tools meeting a predefined condition, for example, a condition related to ink-tool category, a condition related to ink-tool temporal activation, a condition related to ink-tool state and other conditions related to an ink tool or an ink-tool ink mark. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, any combination of ink-unit placement as described above may effectuate recognition of the deactivation ink tool. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 10A  and  FIG. 10B , if it is determined that the received ink unit is not  1048  associated with an ink tool, then the received ink unit may be retained  1050  as an ink unit without an associated ink tool. If it is determined that the received ink unit is  1052  associated with an ink tool, then a determination  1054  may be made as to whether or not the ink tool requires user input, for example, to disambiguate meaning, to provide input parameters and other user input. If user input is  1058  required, a UISM may be displayed to prompt for user input, and the state of the ink tool may be set  1060  to “pending”. 
     If the ink tool does not  1062  require user input, then the ink-tool command may be executed  1064 . 
     Some embodiments of the present invention illustrated in relation to  FIG. 6  may be further described in relation to  FIG. 13 .  FIG. 13  is a chart describing a method(s)  1300  for deactivation of an ink tool, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. An ink unit may be received  1302 . A determination  1304  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is an ink-mark shape associated with a deactivation ink tool. If so  1306 , then a determination  1308  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit intersects an existing ink unit on a digital marking surface. If so  1310 , then a determination  1312  may be made as to whether or not a UISM is displayed in conjunction with the intersected ink unit. If so  1314 , then the UISM may be canceled  1316 , as part of the ink-tool deactivation, removing the displayed UISM from the digital marking surface, and deactivation of an ink-tool associated with the UISM may be completed  1318 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise setting the state of the ink tool to “dormant”. In alternative embodiments, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise removing an ink tool association from the ink-tool mark. The ink-tool mark corresponding to the ink tool associated with the UISM may persist as an ink unit. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention illustrated in relation to  FIG. 7  may be further described in relation to  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 14  is a chart describing a method(s)  1400  for deactivation of an ink tool, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. An ink unit may be received  1402 . A determination  1404  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is an ink-mark shape associated with a deactivation ink tool. If so  1406 , then a determination  1408  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit intersects a UISM displayed on a digital marking surface. If so  1410 , then the UISM may be canceled  1412 , as part of the ink-tool deactivation, removing the displayed UISM from the digital marking surface, and deactivation of an ink-tool associated with the UISM may be completed  1416 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise setting the state of the ink tool to “dormant”. In alternative embodiments, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise removing an ink tool association from the ink-tool mark. The ink-tool mark corresponding to the ink tool associated with the UISM may persist as an ink unit. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention illustrated in relation to  FIG. 8  may be further described in relation to  FIG. 15 .  FIG. 15  is a chart describing a method(s)  1500  for deactivation of an ink tool, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. An ink unit may be received  1502 . A determination  1504  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is an ink-mark shape associated with a deactivation ink tool. If so  1506 , then a determination  1508  may be made as to whether or not the received ink unit is intersection free relative to any other existing ink units on a digital marking surface. If so  1510 , then a determination  1512  may be made as to whether or not a UISM is displayed in conjunction with the received ink unit. If so  1514 , then the UISM may be canceled  1516 , as part of the ink-tool deactivation, removing the displayed UISM from the digital marking surface, and deactivation of an ink tool associated with the UISM may be completed  1518  leaving its associated ink unit as a persistent ink unit In some embodiments of the present invention, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise setting the state of the ink tool to “dormant”. In alternative embodiments, the ink-tool deactivation may further comprise removing an ink tool association from the ink-tool mark. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an ink tool associated with a user-drawn ink unit may not be activated until an activation event is received. In some embodiments, an ink unit associated with an ink tool may persist with the ink tool association even after a time-out event. In these embodiments, an ink unit persists as content until an activation event transforms the ink unit into an active ink tool. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be understood in relation to  FIG. 16 .  FIG. 16  is a chart describing a method(s)  1600  for activation of an ink tool in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments of the present invention described in relation to  FIG. 16 , an ink unit may be examined, to determine if it is associated with an ink tool, only upon an activation event. A process may monitor  1602  for an activation gesture. In some embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a tap gesture. In some embodiments, a tap gesture may comprise one, or more, points contained within a small region, for example, a 10×10 pixel region. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a double-tap gesture. In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a touch gesture, for example, a tap touch gesture, a double-tap touch gesture, a swipe gesture, a pinch gesture and other touch gestures. In still alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise an ink gesture, for example, an ink mark, ink unit and other ink gestures. 
     A determination  1604  may be made as to whether or not a received input is an activation gesture. If the received input is not  1606  an activation gesture, then activation-gesture monitoring may continue  1602 . If the received input is  1608  an activation gesture, then a determination  1610  may be made as to whether or not the received activation gesture is in proximity to an existing ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a region associated with a tap gesture may be expanded, and if the expanded region intersects an existing ink mark, then the received activation gesture may be determined to be  1614  in proximity to an existing ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a 10×10 pixel tap-gesture-detection region may be expanded to a 12×12 pixel region for ink-mark-proximity detection. If the received activation gesture is not determined  1612  to be in proximity to an existing ink unit, then activation-gesture monitoring may continue  1602 . If the received activation gesture is determined  1614  to be in proximity to an existing ink unit, then a determination  1616  may be made as to whether or not the in-proximity ink unit is associated with an ink tool. In some embodiments, the determination of whether or not the in-proximity ink unit is associated with an ink tool may be based on the shape of the ink unit. If the in-proximity ink unit is not  1618  associated with an ink tool, then activation-gesture monitoring may continue  1602 . If the in-proximity ink unit is  1620  associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be activated  1622 . The monitoring process  1602  may continue. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, an existing ink unit may be determined to be in proximity to a received activation gesture when the existing ink unit is in spatial proximity to the ink mark associated with the received activation gesture. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an existing ink unit may be determined to be in proximity to a received activation gesture when the existing ink unit was received in temporal proximity to the received activation gesture. 
     In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, an existing ink unit may be determined to be in proximity to a received activation gesture when the existing ink unit is semantically similar or associated with the received activation gesture. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1622  of an ink tool, may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions through a software entity, or other entity. In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1622  of an ink tool may initiate display of a UISM that presents multiple options associated with the ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1622  of an ink tool may effectuate removal of the ink unit associated with the ink tool from the display. In alternative embodiments, an ink unit associated with an ink tool may persist after an instance of activation of the ink tool thereby allowing re-activation of the ink tool at a subsequent time. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be understood in relation to  FIG. 17 .  FIG. 17  is a chart describing a method(s)  1700  for activation of an ink tool in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments of the present invention described in relation to  FIG. 17 , an ink mark may be examined to determine if it is associated with an ink tool upon receipt of the ink unit. A process may wait  1702  to receive an ink unit. The received ink unit may be examined  1704  to determine whether or not the received ink unit is associated with an ink tool. If the received ink unit is not  1706  associated with an ink tool, the process may wait  1702  for another ink unit. If the received ink unit is  1708  associated with an ink tool, then the received ink unit may be logged  1710  as a potential ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, logging  1710  may comprise an identifier identifying the potential ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, logging  1710  may comprise storing the location of the potential-ink-tool mark. In some embodiments of the present invention, logging  1710  may comprise storing the time at which the potential-ink-tool mark was placed on the digital marking surface. 
     The method  1700  may concurrently monitor  1712  for an activation gesture. In some embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a tap gesture. In some embodiments, a tap gesture may comprise one, or more, points contained within a small region, for example, a 10×10 pixel region. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a double-tap gesture. In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise a touch gesture, for example, a tap touch gesture, a double-tap touch gesture, a swipe gesture, a pinch gesture and other touch gestures. In still alternative embodiments of the present invention, the activation gesture may comprise an ink gesture, for example, an ink mark and other ink gestures. 
     A determination  1714  may be made as to whether or not a received input is an activation gesture. If the received input is not  1716  an activation gesture, then activation-gesture monitoring may continue  1712 . If the received input is  1718  an activation gesture, then a determination  1720  may be made as to whether or not the received activation gesture is associated with an ink tool. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool if the activation gesture intersects an ink unit associated with the ink tool. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool if the activation gesture is spatially proximate to an ink unit associated with the ink tool. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with all ink tools of the same type as an ink tool for which the associated ink unit is located in proximity to the activation gesture. 
     In alternative embodiments, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool based on the activation-gesture location. For example, an activation gesture in a first region of the digital marking surface may be associated with a first category of ink tools. While an activation gesture in a second region of the digital marking surface may be associated with a second category of ink tools. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool for which the associated ink unit was made within a predetermined time frame prior to receiving the activation gesture. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool for which the associated ink unit was received most recently in relation to ink units associated with other ink tools. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an existing ink unit may be determined to be in proximity to a received activation gesture when the existing ink unit was received in temporal proximity to the received activation gesture. 
     In yet alternative embodiments of the present invention, an activation gesture may be associated with an ink tool when the ink unit associated with the activation gesture is semantically similar or associated with the ink tool. 
     If the received activation gesture is not  1722  associated with an ink tool, then activation-gesture monitoring may continue  1712 . If the received activation gesture is  1724  associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be activated  1726 . The monitoring process  1712  may continue 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1726  of an ink tool, may effectuate content manipulation or other control actions through a software entity, or other entity. In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1726  of an ink tool may initiate display of a UISM that presents multiple options associated with the ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, activation  1726  of an ink tool may effectuate removal of the ink mark associated with the ink tool from the display. In alternative embodiments, an ink unit associated with an ink tool may persist after an instance of activation of the ink tool thereby allowing re-activation of the ink tool at a subsequent time. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention described in relation to  FIG. 17  and  FIG. 18 , when an ink unit, for example, the lasso mark  1800  is logged  1710  as a potential ink tool, the visual representation of the ink unit may be altered to provide a visual cue to a viewer that the ink unit is associated with an ink tool. In some embodiments, the ink unit may be altered physically, for example, the line format may be changed, for example, from solid to dashed  1802 . Other physical alterations may include highlighting, color change, width change and alteration of other physical characteristics. In alternative embodiments, a visual hint  1806  may be displayed in proximity to the ink unit  1804 . 
     In some embodiments, a visual hint  1806  may comprise a miniature rendering of the ink-tool operation or other visual hint intended to remind a user of the effect of the ink tool. For example, if the intended operation of the ink tool associated with the lasso mark  1800  is to form a bulleted list of the encircled content, a small, bulleted list  1806  may be displayed in proximity to the ink unit  1804 . 
       FIG. 19  and  FIG. 20  illustrate operation of some embodiments of the present invention.  FIG. 19  depicts a digital marking surface  1900  on which a table  1902  is displayed. The table  1902  comprises four entries: a first entry  1904  “James”; a second entry  1906  “Paul”; a third entry  1908  “Craig”; and a fourth entry  1910  “33”. An ink unit  1912  associated with an ink tool has been placed in proximity to the first table entry  1904 . A pop-up menu  1914  has appeared in response to an activation gesture proximate to the ink unit  1912 . The pop-up menu  1914  enumerates the possible actions associated with the ink tool. If a user selects the first entry  1916  “Insert New Cell”, then a new cell may be entered between the first entry  1904  and the second entry  1906 .  FIG. 20  depicts the digital marking surface  2000  after the activation of the ink tool and selection from the pop-up menu. The table  2002  comprises five entries: a first entry  2004  “James”; a second entry  2006  that is an empty cell; a third entry  2008  “Paul”; a fourth entry  2010  “Craig”; and a fifth entry  2012  “33”. A user may create a blank cell after each of the cells  1904 ,  1906  and  1908  by successive drawing of the ink unit associated with the ink tool by which a new cell may be inserted, activation of the ink tool and selection from the pop-up menu. 
     Accordingly, as depicted in  FIG. 21 , a user may draw all three ink units  2112 ,  2114 ,  2116  and then successively activate each ink unit in turn and select from the pop-up menu to effectuate the addition of three new cells as described above. 
     In alternative embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of ink tools may be activated at the same time. A “start-grouping” activation gesture may initiate a grouping action whereby subsequent activation gestures add ink tools to a group for activation. A “stop-grouping” activation gesture may terminate grouping of ink tools and may activate all ink tools in the group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, when all ink tools within the group are of the same type, for example, ink tools requiring the same UISM and other functionally equivalent ink tools, a single UISM may be displayed upon activation of the ink-tool group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a UISM associated with each ink tool may be displayed. In some of these embodiments, selection of a UISM item from any of the UISMs may be applied to all of the relevant ink tools. While, in others of these embodiments, a selection may be required for each ink tool from its respective UISM. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, one UISM may be displayed for each category of ink tools within the selected group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may be displayed comprising all selection items for each different category of ink tool within the selected group. In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may require multiple selections, for example, one for each category of ink tools. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate deactivation of all other ink tools within the group. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate formation of a second composite UISM for the remaining items associated with the other ink tools within the group, thereby leaving the other ink tools in a “pending” state, while completing the activation of the ink tools associated with the selected item. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a double tap proximate to an ink mark associated with an ink tool. Subsequent single taps may add ink tools to the group, and another double tap may effectuate a stop-grouping action. In alternative embodiments, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a “start-grouping” ink unit proximate to a first ink unit associated with an ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit, also referred to as an “up-carrot” ink unit. A subsequent single tap proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool may add the ink tool to the group, and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may terminate the grouping and effectuate activation of the ink tools within the group. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “stop-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit, also referred to as a “down-carrot” ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a “start-grouping” ink unit and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may comprise a typographically associated symbol pair, for example, “(” and “)”, “[” and “]”, “/” and “\”, “{” and “}”, “&lt;” and “&gt;”, “ ” and “ ” and other symbol pairs typically associated together. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be illustrated in relation to  FIG. 22 .  FIG. 22  depicts a digital marking surface  2200  on which a table  2202  is displayed. The table  2202  comprises four entries: a first entry  2204  “James”; a second entry  2206  “Paul”; a third entry  2208  “Craig”; and a fourth entry  2210  “33”. An ink unit  2212 ,  2214 ,  2216  associated with an ink tool has been placed in proximity to each of the first three table entries  2204 ,  2206 ,  2208 . A first double-tap gesture, illustrated by two stylus symbols  2218 , proximate to a first ink unit associated with a first ink tool instance may activate the grouping process and add the first ink tool instance to a group of pending ink tools for activation. A single tap gesture, illustrated by one stylus symbol  2220 , proximate to a second ink unit associated with a second ink tool instance may add the second ink tool instance to the group of pending ink tools. And a second double-tap gesture, illustrated by two stylus symbols  2222 , proximate to a third ink unit associated with a third ink tool instance may add the third ink tool instance to the group of pending ink tools, may terminate the grouping process and may activate the ink tools in the group of pending ink tools. In some embodiments, a pop-up menu  2224  associated with the ink tool instances may appear and a user selection from the pop-up menu  2224  may be applied to all ink tool instances. Thus, a user selection of “Insert New Cell” will effectuate insertion of a new cell in association with each ink tool instance.  FIG. 23  depicts the digital marking surface  2300  after the user selection “Insert New Cell”. Three new cells  2306 ,  2310  and  2314  have been added to the table  2302 . 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a double tap anywhere on the digital marking surface. Subsequent single taps may add ink tools to the group, and another double tap anywhere on the digital marking surface may effectuate a stop-grouping action. In alternative embodiments, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a “start-grouping” ink unit anywhere on the digital marking surface. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit, also referred to as an “up-carrot” ink unit. A subsequent single tap proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool may add the ink tool to the group, and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may terminate the grouping and effectuate activation of the ink tools within the group. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “stop-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit, also referred to as a “down-carrot” ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a “start-grouping” ink unit and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may comprise a typographically associated symbol pair, for example, “(” and “)”, “[” and “]”, “/” and “\”, “{” and “}”, “&lt;” and “&gt;”, “ ” and “ ” and other symbol pairs typically associated together. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be understood in relation to  FIGS. 24A and 24B .  FIGS. 24A and 24B  are a chart describing a method(s)  2400  for activation of multiple ink tools, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. A process may monitor  2402  for an activation gesture. A determination  2404  may be made to determine if a received gesture is an activation gesture. If the received gesture is not  2406  an activation gesture, the monitoring  2402  process may continue. If the received gesture is  2408  an activation gesture, then a determination  2410  may be made as to whether or not the received gesture is a “start-grouping” activation gesture. If the received gesture is  2412  a “start-grouping” activation gesture, then a determination  2416  may be made as to whether or not the “start-grouping” activation gesture is proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If is the “start-grouping” activation gesture is not  2418  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2402  process may continue. If the “start-grouping” activation gesture is  2420  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be added to a group for potential activation. The monitoring  2402  process may continue. 
     If the received gesture is not  2424  a “start-grouping” activation gesture, then a determination  2426  may be made as to whether or not the received gesture is a “stop-grouping” activation gesture. If the received gesture is  2428  a “stop-grouping” activation gesture, then a determination  2430  may be made as to whether or not a previous “start-grouping” activation gesture has been received. If a previous “start-grouping” activation gesture has  2432  has been received, then a determination  2434  may be made as to whether or not the “stop-grouping” activation gesture is proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If the “stop-grouping” activation gesture is not  2436  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2402  process may continue. If the “stop-grouping” activation gesture is  2438  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be added to the group, all ink tools within the group may be activated  2442  and the monitoring  2402  process may continue. 
     If there was no  2444  previous “start-grouping” activation gesture, then the ink unit may be retained as a persistent ink unit with potential individual ink tool activation and the “stop-grouping” activation gesture may be ignored  2446 . 
     If the received gesture is not  2448  a “stop-grouping” activation gesture, then a determination  2450  may be made as to whether or not a previous “start-grouping” activation gesture was received. If a previous “start-grouping” activation gesture was  2452  received, then a determination  2454  may be made as to whether or not the activation gesture is proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If the activation gesture is  2456  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be added  2458  to the group for potential activation, and then the monitoring  2402  process may continue. If the activation gesture is not  2460  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2402  process may continue. 
     If there was no  2462  previous “start-grouping” activation gesture, then a determination  2464  may be made as to whether or not the activation gesture is proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If the activation gesture is  2466  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool associated with the ink mark may be activated  2428 , and the monitoring  2402  process may continue. If the activation gesture is not  2470  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2402  process may continue. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a double tap in proximity to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. Subsequent single taps may add ink tools to the group, and another double tap may effectuate a stop-grouping action. In alternative embodiments, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a “start-grouping” ink mark in proximity to a first ink unit associated with an ink tool. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit. A subsequent single tap proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool may add the ink tool to the group, and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may terminate the grouping and effectuate activation of the ink tools within the group. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “stop-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a “start-grouping” ink unit and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may comprise a typographically associated symbol pair, for example, “(” and “)”, “[” and “]”, “/” and “\”, “{” and “}”, “&lt;” and “&gt;”, “ ” and “ ” and other symbol pairs typically associated together. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, activation of all ink tools in a group may comprise displaying a UISM for each ink tool instance, if required, and applying a received selection to all ink tool instances. In alternative embodiments, one UISM may be displayed for all ink tools for which the UISM is associated. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, when all ink tools within the group are of the same type, for example, ink tools requiring the same UISM and other functionally equivalent ink tools, a single UISM may be displayed upon activation of the ink-tool group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a UISM associated with each ink tool may be displayed. In some of these embodiments, selection of a UISM item from any of the UISMs may be applied to all of the relevant ink tools. While, in others of these embodiments, a selection may be required for each ink tool from its respective UISM. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, one UISM may be displayed for each category of ink tools within the selected group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may be displayed comprising all selection items for each different category of ink tool within the selected group. In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may require multiple selections, for example, one for each category of ink tools. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate deactivation of all other ink tools within the group. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate formation of a second composite UISM for the remaining items associated with the other ink tools within the group, thereby leaving the other ink tools in a “pending” state, while completing the activation of the ink tools associated with the selected item. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may be understood in relation to  FIGS. 25A and 25B .  FIGS. 25A and 25B  are a chart describing a method(s)  2500  for activation of multiple ink tools, in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. A process may monitor  2502  for an activation gesture. A determination  2504  may be made to determine if a received gesture is an activation gesture. If the received gesture is not  2506  an activation gesture, the monitoring  2502  process may continue. If the received gesture is  2508  an activation gesture, then a determination  2510  may be made as to whether or not the received gesture is a “start-grouping” gesture. If the received gesture is  2512  a “start-grouping” gesture, then a new group may be started, and the monitoring  2502  process may continue. 
     If the received gesture is not  2516  a “start-grouping” gesture, then a determination  2518  may be made as to whether or not the received gesture is a “stop-grouping” gesture. If the received gesture is  2520  a “stop-grouping” gesture, then a determination  2522  may be made as to whether or not a previous “start-grouping” gesture has been received. If a previous “start-grouping” gesture has  2524  has been received, then all ink tools within the group may be activated  2526  and the monitoring  2502  process may continue. 
     If there was no  2528  previous “start-grouping” gesture, then the ink unit may be retained as a persistent ink unit with potential individual ink tool activation and the “stop-grouping” gesture may be ignored  2530 . 
     If the received gesture is not  2532  a “stop-grouping” gesture, then a determination  2534  may be made as to whether or not a previous “start-grouping” gesture was received. If a previous “start-grouping” gesture was  2536  received, then a determination  2538  may be made as to whether or not the activation gesture is an “add-to-group” activation gesture proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If the activation gesture is  2540  an “add-to-group” activation gesture proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool may be added  2542  to the group for potential activation, and then the monitoring  2502  process may continue. If the activation gesture is not  2544  an “add-to-group” gesture proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2502  process may continue. 
     If there was no  2546  previous “start-grouping” gesture, then a determination  2548  may be made as to whether or not the activation gesture is proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool. If the activation gesture is  2550  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the ink tool associated with the ink mark may be activated  2552 , and the monitoring  2502  process may continue. If the activation gesture is not  2554  proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool, then the monitoring  2502  process may continue. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a double tap. Subsequent single taps may add ink tools to the group, and another double tap may effectuate a stop-grouping action. In alternative embodiments, the “start-grouping” activation gesture may comprise a “start-grouping” ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “start-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit. A subsequent single tap proximate to an ink unit associated with an ink tool may add the ink tool to the group, and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may terminate the grouping and effectuate activation of the ink tools within the group. In some embodiments of the present invention, the “stop-grouping” ink unit may be a “ ” ink unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, a “start-grouping” ink unit and a “stop-grouping” ink unit may comprise a typographically associated symbol pair, for example, “(” and “)”, “[” and “]”, “/” and “\”, “{” and “}”, “&lt;” and “&gt;”, “ ” and “ ” and other symbol pairs typically associated together. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, activation of all ink tools in a group may comprise displaying a UISM for each ink tool instance, if required, and applying a received selection to all ink tool instances. In alternative embodiments, one UISM may be displayed for all ink tools for which the UISM is associated. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, when all ink tools within the group are of the same type, for example, ink tools requiring the same UISM and other functionally equivalent ink tools, a single UISM may be displayed upon activation of the ink-tool group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a UISM associated with each ink tool may be displayed. In some of these embodiments, selection of a UISM item from any of the UISMs may be applied to all of the relevant ink tools. While, in others of these embodiments, a selection may be required for each ink tool from its respective UISM. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, one UISM may be displayed for each category of ink tools within the selected group. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may be displayed comprising all selection items for each different category of ink tool within the selected group. In some embodiments of the present invention, a composite UISM may require multiple selections, for example, one for each category of ink tools. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate deactivation of all other ink tools within the group. In alternative embodiments, a selection of a UISM item may effectuate activation of only those ink tools associated with the selected item and may effectuate formation of a second composite UISM for the remaining items associated with the other ink tools within the group, thereby leaving the other ink tools in a “pending” state, while completing the activation of the ink tools associated with the selected item. 
     Some embodiments of the present invention may comprise a computer program product comprising a computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon/in which may be used to program a computing system to perform any of the features and methods described herein. Exemplary computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, flash memory devices, disk storage media, for example, floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), Compact Discs (CDs), micro-drives and other disk storage media, Read-Only Memory (ROMs), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROMs), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROMS), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROMs), Random-Access Memory (RAMS), Video Random-Access Memory (VRAMs), Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAMs) and any type of media or device suitable for storing instructions and/or data. 
     The terms and expressions which have been employed in the foregoing specification are used therein as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding equivalence of the features shown and described or portions thereof, it being recognized that the scope of the invention is defined and limited only by the claims which follow.