Patent Publication Number: US-2009219458-A1

Title: Liquid crystal display device and electronic apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2008-049789 filed in the Japan Patent Office on Feb. 29, 2008, the entire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal is sealingly enclosed in a space defined between a drive substrate and a counter substrate, and an electronic apparatus including the same. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     A liquid crystal display device has such a structure that a drive substrate on which drive elements such as Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) are provided so as to correspond to pixels, respectively, and a counter substrate on which a color filter and the like are formed are stuck to each other at a predetermined distance, and a liquid crystal is sealingly enclosed in a space defined between the drive substrate and the counter substrate. In a liquid crystal display device for displaying thereon a color image, one pixel (main pixel) is composed of three sub-pixels corresponding to the three primary colors, i.e., Red (R), Green (G) and Blue (B). Thus, a desired color image is displayed by driving the sub-pixels. 
     In such a liquid crystal display device, the adjustment needs to be carried out so as to obtain a target chromaticity by using the applied color filter having R, G and B. In particular, in recent years, a color temperature of a white color has been severely requested. As a result, the adjustment for the white chromaticity coordinates has become an important factor for the request for the color temperature of the white color. 
     Here, for the adjustment for the color temperature of the white color in the liquid crystal display device, when none of materials is changed, there is adopted a technique with which a liquid crystal gap (the distance defined between the drive substrate and the counter substrate) is adjusted, or a single color chromaticities of R, G and B are adjusted by using a film thickness of the color filter. 
     However, with the adjustment for the liquid crystal gap, the white chromaticity coordinates can be moved merely in a determined direction through the adjustment. In addition, with the adjustment for the single color chromaticities of R, G and B, the white chromaticity coordinates may not be moved unless the colors are extremely changed. As a result, there is encountered a problem that a color reproduction range becomes narrower than target one, or the coordinates are extremely biased. 
     On the other hand, although the white chromaticity coordinates can be changed by replacing a backlight of the liquid crystal display device with another one, there is a limit to a chromaticity range of the backlight, and thus it may be impossible to carry out the adjustment beyond the chromaticity range. 
     In order to cope with this situation, there are a devised method of changing sizes of pixels so as to correspond to colors, respectively, and a devised method of adjusting chromaticities of pixels corresponding to the respective colors by newly providing a pattern for light shielding within each of pixels. These methods, for example, are described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 2007-17619 and 2005-141180. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     However, with the method of changing the sizes of the pixels so as to correspond to colors, respectively, designs of drive circuits need to be changed so as to correspond to colors, respectively, or the drive circuit needs to be designed in correspondence to the largest pixel. Thus, this method involves such a problem that a large load is imposed on the circuit design. In addition, with the method of newly providing the pattern for light shielding within each of the pixels, there is caused a problem that a restriction is provided for the design of the circuit within each of the pixels, thereby reducing the degree of freedom of the design. 
     In the light of the foregoing, it is therefore desirable to provide a liquid crystal display device which is capable of adjusting a transmittance by utilizing an existing light shielding member without specially providing a dedicated pattern for transmittance adjustment, and an electronic apparatus including the same. 
     In order to attain the desire described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal between a drive substrate and a counter substrate, and a plurality of main pixels disposed so as to compose a display area, in which either a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or a spacer for substrate distance setting is provided in each of at least two sub-pixels of a plurality of sub-pixels composing the main pixel; and light shielding members provided in the at least two sub-pixels so as to correspond to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factors or the spacers, respectively, are different in area in planar view from each other. 
     In the liquid crystal display device, either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer is provided in each of the at least two sub-pixels of the plurality of sub-pixels composing the main pixel. In order to prevent light leakage due to the generation of the alignment turbulence caused by presence of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer, the light shielding members are provided so as to correspond to the positions of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factors or the spacers, respectively. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light shielding member is used as a member as well for the adjustment for the transmittance of the sub-pixel. As a result, a balance among the transmittances of the plurality of pixels composing the main pixel can be adjusted without providing a pattern for transmittance adjustment as another member. 
     Here, the light shielding member may be similar in outer shape in planer view to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. As a result, it is possible to achieve a balance between reliable prevention of the light leakage due to the generation of the liquid crystal alignment turbulence caused by the presence of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer, and desired transmittance adjustment. 
     In addition, the light shielding members may be disposed within a display area independently of each other, which results in that the transmittance can be adjusted without exerting an influence on a design of a circuit pattern in the periphery of the display area. 
     According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including a liquid crystal display device provided in a main body chassis, in which in the liquid crystal display device, a liquid crystal is sealingly enclosed between a drive substrate and a counter substrate, and a plurality of main pixels are disposed so as to compose a display area; either a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or a spacer for substrate distance setting is provided in each of at least two sub-pixels of a plurality of sub-pixels composing the main pixel; and light shielding members provided in the at least two sub-pixels so as to correspond to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factors or the spacers, respectively, are different in area in planar view from each other. 
     In any of the embodiments of the present invention, the light shielding member in the liquid crystal display device is used as the member as well for the adjustment for the transmittances of the sub-pixel. As a result, the balance of the transmittances of the plurality of sub-pixels composing the main pixel can be adjusted without providing a pattern for the transmittance adjustment as another member. 
     As set forth hereinabove, according to the embodiment of the present invention, in the adjustment for the transmittance of the sub-pixel, the transmittance can be adjusted by utilizing the existing light shielding member without specifically providing the dedicated pattern for the transmittance adjustment. As a result, the desired transmittance adjustment can be carried out while the degree of freedom in the circuit design within the pixel, and thus it is possible to exactly set the chromaticity coordinates of the liquid crystal display device. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a top plan view, partly broken away to show an interior structure, of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross sectional view taken on line A-A′ of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a circuit diagram, partly in block, showing an example of drive circuits of the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram explaining a structural example of pixels in the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are respectively a diagram explaining a structural example of a light shielding member in the related art, and a diagram explaining a structural example of a light shielding member in the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram explaining another structural example of a light shielding member having another shape; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram explaining still another structural example of a light shielding member having still another shape; 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic cross sectional view explaining a structure of a sub-pixel of an example; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic cross sectional view explaining a structure of a sub-pixel of another example; 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic top plan view explaining the structure of the sub-pixel of the another example; 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic cross sectional view showing a structure of a sub-pixel of still another example in which a color filter is provided with a light shielding member; 
         FIG. 12  is a schematic top plan view showing the structure of the sub-pixel of the still another example in which the color filter is provided with the light shielding member; 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic cross sectional view showing a structure of a sub-pixel of yet another example in which the color filter is provided with the light shielding member in a structure including a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor; 
         FIG. 14  is a schematic view showing a flat type module shaped display device to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of a television set as an example of application to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied; 
         FIGS. 16A and 16B  are respectively a perspective view of a digital camera as another example of application, when viewed from a front side, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied, and a perspective view of the digital camera as the another example of application, when viewed from a back side, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view showing a notebook-size personal computer as still another example of application to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied; 
         FIG. 18  is a perspective view showing a video camera, as yet another example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied; 
         FIGS. 19A to 19G  are respectively a front view of mobile terminal equipment, for example, a mobile phone as a further example of application, in an open state, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied, a side elevational view thereof, a front view thereof in a close state, a left side elevational view thereof, a right side elevational view thereof, a top plan view thereof, and a bottom view thereof; 
         FIG. 20  is a block diagram showing an entire configuration of a display image pickup device to which the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment is applied; 
         FIG. 21  is a block diagram showing a configuration of an I/O display panel provided in the display image pickup device shown in  FIG. 20 ; 
         FIG. 22  is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of each of pixels in a display area of the I/O display panel shown in  FIG. 21 ; 
         FIG. 23  is a circuit diagram, partly in block, explaining a connection relationship between each of the pixels in the display area, and an H driver for read; and 
         FIG. 24  is a timing chart explaining a relationship between an ON/OFF stare of a backlight and a display state of the I/O display panel. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     Entire Structure of Liquid Crystal Display Device 
       FIG. 1  is a top plan view, partly broken away to show an interior structure, of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a cross sectional view taken on line A-A′ of  FIG. 1 . A schematic structure of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
     The liquid crystal display device  1  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  includes a drive substrate  10  having a drive circuit formed thereon, a counter substrate  20  disposed so as to face the drive substrate  10 , a sealing agent  30  held between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 , a sealant  32  sealing an inlet  30   a  for injection of the sealing agent  30 , and a liquid crystal layer LC filled in a space defined between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . 
     Of them, the drive substrate  10  includes drive circuits which are disposed in a display area  10   a  set at a central portion of the liquid crystal display device  1 , and in a peripheral area  10   b  of the display area  10   a , respectively. This drive circuit, as will be described in detail later, is a pixel circuit and a peripheral circuit each composed of a thin film transistor and a capacitor. 
     In addition, an extraction wiring  11   b , for example, is provided in the same layer as that of a gate electrode  11  composing the thin film transistor of the drive circuit described above on the drive substrate  10 . The gate electrode  11  and the extraction wiring  11   b , for example, is each formed from a molybdenum (Mo) film. Also, the extraction wiring  11   b  is provided from a position overlapping the sealing agent  30  to an outside of the position in the periphery of the drive substrate  10 . 
     A circuit wiring (not shown) and the like are formed on an insulating film  13  covering each of the gate electrode  11  and the extraction wiring  11   b , and a planarizing insulating film  15  is formed so as to cover the circuit wiring and the like. A plurality of pixel electrodes  17  each connected to the circuit wiring are disposed in a matrix in the display area  10   a  on the planarizing insulating film  15 . 
     Also, an aligned film (not shown) is provided so as to cover the plurality of pixel electrodes  17 . 
     On the other hand, the counter substrate  20  has the same shape as that of the drive substrate  10 . A portion above the drive substrate  10  is opened merely in the peripheral direction, along which the extraction wiring  11   b  is extracted, in the drive substrate  10 . The counter substrate  20  is provided with a black matrix  21  corresponding to the peripheral area  10   b  surrounding the display area  10   a  set at the central portion of the liquid crystal display device  1 . In addition, the black matrix  21  may also be disposed in a position corresponding to a portion between each two pixel electrodes  17  in the inside as well of the display area  10   a.    
     In addition, a color filter  23  having the corresponding colors are provided in the display area  10   a  surrounded by the black matrix  21 . 
     Moreover, although an illustration is omitted here, a counter electrode as a common electrode and an aligned film are formed in a lamination form in this order over an entire surface of the display area  10   a  so as to cover each of the black matrix  21  and the color filters  23 . 
     The sealing agent  30  is continuously provided in a circumferential edge of the space defined between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  so as to face the side peripheries of the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  with at least one opening portion as the inlet  30   a.    
     The sealing agent  30  is drawn in pattern thereof on one substrate side by, for example, utilizing the screen printing or the dispenser. Thus, the sealing agent  30  is provided slightly inside from the circumferential edges of the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  merely in a direction of an end edge in which the inlet  30   a  is provided. As a result, a portion of the inlet  30   a  from a display area  10   a  side to the side peripheries of the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  is in a state of being shaped into a neck-like shape. 
     The sealant  32  is applied to the peripheries of the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  so as to seal the inlet  30   a  for injection of the sealing agent  30 . 
     The liquid crystal layer LC is composed of liquid crystal molecules each having dielectric anisotropy which is selected in accordance with a drive mode of the liquid crystal display device  1 . It is noted that in addition to the liquid crystal layer LC, a plurality of spacers for setting a distance between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  in a predetermined state is held between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . These spacers are columnar spacers which are previously formed either on the drive substrate  10  or on the counter substrate  20 . 
     In addition, a flexible printed circuit board  34  having an external circuit formed therein is connected to the extraction wiring  11   b  as may be necessary. 
     Configurations of Drive Circuits 
       FIG. 3  is a circuit diagram, partly in block, showing an example of drive circuits of the liquid crystal display device described above. 
     As shown in the figure, in the active matrix type liquid crystal display device  1 , a plurality of scanning lines  3 , and a plurality of signal lines  5  are wired horizontally and vertically, respectively, in the display area  10   a  set on the drive substrate  10  side. Also, the pixels are provided so as to correspond to intersection portions between the scanning lines  3  and the signal lines  5 , respectively. In such a manner, the display area  10   a  is configured as a pixel array portion. A pixel circuit provided in each of the pixels, for example, is composed of a pixel electrode  17 , a thin film transistor Tr, and a hold capacitor Cs. 
     On the other hand, a scanning line driving circuit  7 , and a signal line driving circuit  9  are disposed in the peripheral area  10   b . In this case, the scanning line driving circuit  7  scans and drives the scanning lines  3 , and the signal line driving circuit  9  supplies a video signal (that is, an input signal) corresponding to luminance information to the signal lines  5 . 
     In the panel configuration as described above, the video signal written from the corresponding one of the signal lines  5  to the pixel through the thin film transistor Tr is held in the hold capacitor Cs, and a voltage corresponding to an amount of signal thus held is supplied to the pixel electrode  17  through the driving operation by the scanning line driving circuit  7 . On the other hand, a common potential Vcom is applied to the counter electrode as the common electrode connected to the other electrode of the hold capacitor Cs. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules composing the liquid crystal layer LC are rotated at a predetermined angle within the substrate plane in accordance with an electric field generated by applying the voltage across the pixel electrode  17  and the counter electrode, thereby controlling light transmission of a display light. 
     It is noted that the configuration of the pixel circuit as described above is merely an example. Thus, the pixel circuit may be configured by providing a capacitor in the pixel circuit, or by providing a plurality of transistors in the pixel circuit as may be necessary. In addition, a necessary drive circuit is added to the peripheral area  10   b  in accordance with a change in design of the pixel circuit. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the liquid crystal display device having all the liquid crystal drive modes. Moreover, the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a passive matrix type liquid crystal display device as well as to the active matrix type liquid crystal display device. In this case, the same effects as those of the active matrix type liquid crystal display device can be obtained. 
     Pixel Structure 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram explaining a structural example of the pixel. A plurality of pixels (main pixels P) are disposed in a matrix in the display area  10   a  of the liquid crystal display device  1 . Each of the main pixels P is composed of a plurality of sub-pixels. In the structural example shown in  FIG. 4 , one main pixel P is composed of three sub-pixels, that is, a sub-pixel p 1  corresponding to Red (R), a sub-pixel p 2  corresponding to Green (G), and a sub-pixel p 3  corresponding to Blue (B). It is noted that although a kind or disposition of the sub-pixels composing the main pixel P may be a kind or disposition other than that described above, in this embodiment, one main pixel P is composed of the three sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  correspond to R, G and B, respectively. 
     In each of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 , the thin film transistor and the pixel electrode for drive for the liquid crystal are formed on the drive substrate  10  side, and the color filter having R, G and B of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  is formed on the counter substrate  20  side. In addition, either a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or a spacer for setting of a substrate distance is provided in each of at least two sub-pixels of a plurality of sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 . 
     That is to say, when a vertical alignment type liquid crystal is used as a type of the liquid crystal, a convex portion (liquid crystal alignment controlling factor) for controlling an alignment direction of the vertical alignment type liquid crystal is provided in each of the at least two sub-pixels of a plurality of sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  on the counter substrate  20  side. In addition, even in the case of any other type of liquid crystal, a columnar spacer is provided for the purpose of precisely setting a gap defined between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . When there are a plurality of sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  in one main pixel P, the columnar spacer is provided in each of at least two sub-pixels. 
     When either such a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or a columnar spacer is provided in each of the at least two sub-spacers, an alignment turbulence of the liquid crystal occurs by presence of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. In order to prevent light leakage caused by the alignment turbulence, a light shielding member is provided so as to correspond to the position of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. In this case, the light shielding member is provided either on the drive substrate  10  side or on the counter substrate  20  side corresponding to the position of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1  of this embodiment, the light shielding member is used as a member as well for adjustment of transmittances of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 . Thus, a balance among the transmittances of a plurality of sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  composing the main pixel P can be adjusted without specially providing a pattern for transmittance adjustment as another member. 
       FIGS. 5A and 5B  are respectively a diagram explaining a structural example of a light shielding member in the related art, and a diagram explaining a structural example of a light shielding member in the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment shown in  FIG. 1 . Here,  FIGS. 5A and 5B  show the structural examples of the light shielding members S for one main pixel P composed of the three sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 . In the case of the structural example of the light shielding members S in the related art shown in  FIG. 5A , although the two light shielding members S are provided in each of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  corresponding to R, G and B, respectively, outer shapes in planar view of all the light shielding members S have the same size. Here, the planar view means a state in which a planar surface of the display area  10   a  (refer to  FIG. 1 ) of the liquid crystal display device  1  is viewed from the front. 
     On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 5B , the light shielding member S is provided in each of the sub-pixel p 2  corresponding to G, and the sub-pixel p 3  corresponding to B of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  corresponding to R, G and B, respectively. Also, no light shielding member S is provided in the sub-pixel p 1  corresponding to R. In addition, each of the two light shielding members S provided in the sub-pixel p 2  corresponding to G is different in size of an outer shape in planar view from each of the two light shielding members S provided in the sub-pixel p 3  corresponding to B. That is to say, each of the two light shielding members S provided in the sub-pixel p 3  corresponding to B is larger in size than each of the two light shielding members S provided in the sub-pixel p 2  corresponding to G. By making the sizes of the pairs of light shielding members S in the sub-pixels p 2  and p 3  different from each other, it is possible to adjust a balance among the transmittances of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 , and thus it is possible to change the white chromaticity coordinates. 
     Note that, in the structural example of the light shielding members S in the embodiment shown in  FIG. 5B , the pairs of light shielding members S are provided in the sub-pixel p 2  corresponding to G, and the sub-pixel p 3  corresponding to B of the three sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 , respectively. However, in the case where either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factors or the spacers are provided in all the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 , respectively, a structure may also be adopted such that the light shielding members S are provided in all the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3 , respectively, so as to correspond to that case, and the outer shapes in planar view of the light shielding members S provided in the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  are made to have different sizes, respectively. 
     In addition, the adjustment for the transmittance by using the light shielding member S depends on an area in planar view of the light shielding member S provided in the sub-pixel. Therefore, when the transmittances of the sub-pixels p 1 , p 2  and p 3  are adjusted, in addition to making the sizes of the pairs of light shielding members S different from each other in the manner as described above, the adjustment for the transmittances of the sub-pixels may be carried out depending on the numbers of light shielding members provided even when the light shielding members S having the same size are used. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1  of the embodiment, a light shielding film provided so as to correspond to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer provided as the light shielding member S in the sub-pixel is used as the member as well for adjustment for the transmittance of the sub-pixel. As a result, the outer shape in planar view of the light shielding member S is larger than that of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. In addition, the light shielding member S is similar in outer shape in planar view to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. By adopting such a similar figure, it is possible to sufficiently yield the effect of suppressing the influence of the light leakage due to the presence of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. Also, it is possible to exactly carry out the adjustment for the desired transmittance. 
       FIGS. 6 and 7  are respectively diagrams explaining other structural examples of light shielding members having other shapes. The structural example of  FIG. 6  shows the case where the light shielding member S has a rectangular shape, and the structural example of  FIG. 7  shows the case where the light shielding member S has an oval shape. As shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7 , in addition to the case where the outer shape in planar view of the light shielding member S is the circular shape as shown in  FIG. 5 , the various shapes can be adopted so as to correspond to the outer shapes in planar view of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factors or the spacers. It is noted that the light shielding member S may not be necessarily, perfectly similar in outer shape in planar view to either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer as long as the outer shape in planar view of the light shielding member S contains therein that of either the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor or the spacer. 
     Example 
       FIG. 8  is a schematic cross sectional view explaining a structure of a sub-pixel of an example. That is,  FIG. 8  shows a structure of one sub-pixel of the liquid crystal display device  1  of the embodiment. The liquid crystal LC having a Vertical Alignment (VA) mode is applied to the liquid crystal display device  1  of the embodiment, and a structure in which a protrusion is formed on the counter substrate  20  side with a positive resist is adopted for the alignment control in a liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40 . 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1 , a spacer  41  is disposed between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . Thus, a predetermined distance is set between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  by the spacer  41 . The liquid crystal LC is injected into the space defined between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  between which the predetermined distance is set. After completion of the injection of the liquid crystal LC, the inlet  30   a  (refer to  FIG. 1 ) provided between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  is sealed with the sealant  32 . 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1 , the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40  is provided on the color filter  23  side on the counter substrate  20 . In addition, in order to prevent the light leakage caused by the turbulence of the liquid crystal alignment in the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40  and the circumference thereof, the light shielding member S, for example, made from a molybdenum (Mo) pattern is provided on the drive substrate  10  side. 
     The liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40  has a diameter of about 12 μm, whereas the light shielding member S made from the molybdenum pattern has a diameter of about 16 μm. The reason for this is because the size of the light shielding pattern is decided based on an estimation of a shift length in the phase of sticking the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  to each other in addition to an area of the light leakage from the circumference of the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40 . 
     The light shielding member S can be made in the same process as that for the elements such as the transistor formed on the drive substrate  10  because it is provided on the drive substrate  10  side. As a result, the light shielding member S can be made with a very high precision. 
     In addition, the light shielding member S is disposed in an independent position within the display area (the area in which the pixel electrode is formed) in the sub-pixel. The independent position stated here means an isolated position which is continuous to none of the scanning lines and the signal lines. As a result, it is possible to carry out the design of the light shielding member S (the adjustment for the transmittance) without exerting an influence on the designs of the scanning lines and the signal lines. 
     Here, TABLE 1 shows the results of simulating a movement amount of white chromaticity coordinates while the size of the molybdenum (Mo) pattern used as the light shielding member S is changed. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 movement 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 ratio among 
                 amount of 
               
               
                   
                 aperture ratios 
                 coordinates 
                 transmittance 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 R 
                 G 
                 B 
                 u′ 
                 v′ 
                 ratio 
                 CR ratio 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 ref 
                 1 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 1.04 
                 1 
                 0.934 
                 0.003 
                 0.005 
                 1.00 
                 0.98 
               
               
                   
                 2 
                 1.04 
                 0.987 
                 0.934 
                 0.003 
                 0.004 
                 0.99 
                 0.97 
               
               
                   
                 3 
                 1.04 
                 1 
                 0.9 
                 0.003 
                 0.007 
                 1 
                 0.98 
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 1.04 
                 0.964 
                 1 
                 0.003 
                 −0.001 
                 0.99 
                 1.04 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 0.9 
                 1 
                 1 
                 −0.005 
                 −0.002 
                 0.98 
                 1.10 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 1 
                 0.9 
                 1 
                 0.004 
                 0.006 
                 0.94 
                 1.01 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 1 
                 1 
                 0.9 
                 0.001 
                 0.007 
                 0.99 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     TABLE 1 shows the results of simulating an amount of white chromaticity coordinates (u′, v′), a transmittance ratio and a contrast ratio (CR ratio) with a different aperture ratios under the conditions  1  to  7  by using the same ratio among the aperture ratios of corresponding sub-pixels of the sub-pixels corresponding to R, G and B, respectively, as a reference (ref). The condition  1  was selected as a combination, with which reduction of the contrast can be decreased without reducing the transmittance, of the combinations of the movement amount of white chromaticity coordinates, and the size of the light shielding members from the conditions  1  to  7  shown in TABLE 1. Under the condition  1 , actually, the liquid crystal display device was manufactured. With regard to the actual characteristics of the liquid crystal display device thus manufactured, the movement amount of white chromaticity coordinates, and the transmittance were each as expected, and the radiation in contrast was about 2%. 
     Each of the contrast and the contribution of the contrast is proportional to the luminance of the single color, and in this liquid crystal display device, R:G:B=3:7:1 is obtained as the ratio of the luminance. Therefore, the light shielding area of the sub-pixel corresponding to Blue (B), having the less deterioration of the transmittance is increased, and the high transmittance of the sub-pixel, corresponding to Red (R), having the relatively less deterioration of the contrast is obtained, which results in that the reduction in contrast can be held to a minimum while the transmittance is ensured. 
     Another Example 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic cross sectional view explaining a structure of a sub-pixel of another example, and  FIG. 10  is a schematic top plan view explaining the structure of the sub-pixel of the another example. 
     The liquid crystal LC having a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode is applied to the another example of the embodiment. Thus, the common electrode  17  is formed on the drive substrate  10  side, and the pixel electrodes  18  are formed on the drive substrate  10  side through an insulating film  15 . In addition, the color filter  23  is formed on the counter substrate  20  side. Also, the spacer  41  composed of a photo spacer (PS) is disposed on the counter substrate  20  side for the purpose of holding the distance between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . The light shielding member S formed from the molybdenum (Mo) pattern is disposed on the drive substrate  10  side. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1 , a predetermined distance is set between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  by disposing the spacer  41  between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . The liquid crystal is injected into the space defined between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  through the inlet  30   a  (refer to  FIG. 1 ) provided between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20 . After completion of the injection of the liquid crystal, the inlet  30   a  (refer to  FIG. 1 ) provided between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  is sealed with the sealant  32 . 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1 , the light shielding member S is formed in the position facing the spacer  41  on the drive substrate  10  side for the purpose of light-shielding the light leakage from the circumference of the spacer  41  composed of the PS formed so as to have an arbitrary color on the color filter  23  on the counter substrate  20 . 
     The light shielding member S can be made in the same process as that for the elements such as the transistor formed on the drive substrate  10  because it is provide on the drive substrate  10  side. As a result, the light shielding member S can be made with a very high precision. 
     In addition, as shown in  FIG. 10 , the light shielding member S is disposed in an independent position within the display area (the area in which the pixel electrode is formed) in the sub-pixel. The independent position stated here means an isolated position which is continuous to none of the scanning lines and the signal lines. As a result, it is possible to carry out the design of the light shielding member S (the adjustment for the transmittance) without exerting an influence on the designs of the scanning lines and the signal lines. 
     The spacer  41  has a diameter of about 11 μm, whereas the light shielding member S formed from the molybdenum (Mo) pattern has a diameter of about 24 μm. The white chromaticity coordinates change as shown in TABLE 2 due to the colors to which the pixels each having the light shielding member S disposed therein correspond. TABLE 2 shows changes (Δx and Δy in the x-y color space) of the white chromaticity coordinates when the spacer  41  and the light shielding member S are disposed in each of the sub-pixels corresponding to R, G and B, respectively. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Δx 
                 Δy 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Red 
                 −0.005 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 column 
               
               
                   
                 Green 
                 −0.001 
                 −0.008 
               
               
                   
                 column 
               
               
                   
                 Blue 
                 0.006 
                 0.008 
               
               
                   
                 column 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In another example, the spacer  41  and the light shielding member S were disposed in the sub-pixel corresponding to Red (R) in consideration of a direction along which the white chromaticity coordinates are desired to be moved. In addition, the spacer  41  and the light shielding member S may be provided in each of two or more sub-pixels of every three sub-pixels corresponding to R, G and B, respectively, as may be necessary. 
     Still Another Example 
     It is noted that Black (BLK) of the color filter may be used as the light shielding member S formed so as to correspond to the spacer  41 . In this case, the same effects as those of the above can be obtained.  FIG. 11  is a schematic cross sectional view showing a structure of a sub-pixel of still another example in which a color filter is provided with a light shielding member.  FIG. 12  is a schematic top plan view showing the structure of the sub-pixel of the still another example in which the color filter is provided with the light shielding member. 
     In the liquid crystal display device  1 , the basic structure that the common electrode  17 , the insulating film  15  and the pixel electrodes  18  are formed on the drive substrate  10  side, the color filter  23  is formed on the counter substrate  20  side, and the spacer  41  is provided between the drive substrate  10  and the counter substrate  20  is the same as that in another example. However, the still another example is different from another example in that a pattern of black provided in the color filter  23  on the counter substrate  20  is used as the light shielding member S formed so as to correspond to the spacer  41 . The Black pattern may be made of any one of a chromium oxide or a pigment dispersed resist which is normally used in the color filter. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , the light shielding member S is disposed in an independent position within the display area in the sub-pixel (the formation area of the pixel electrode). As a result, the design of the light shielding member S (the adjustment for the transmittance) can be carried out without exerting an influence on the designs of the scanning lines and the signal lines. In addition, the light shielding member S is larger in outer shape in planar view than the spacer  41 . Thus, the light shielding member S is similar in outer shape in planar view to the spacer  41 . 
     Yet Another Example 
     The structure in which the Black pattern of the color filter  23  on the counter substrate  20  is used as the light shielding member S can be applied even to the structure in which the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40  shown in  FIG. 13  is provided (yet another example). That is to say, in the structure in which as shown in  FIG. 13 , the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40  is provided on the color filter  23  side on the counter substrate  20 , the light shielding member S of the Black pattern is formed in the color filter  23  corresponding to the position of the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40 . The black pattern may be made of any one of a chromium oxide or a pigment dispersed resist which is normally used in the color filter. 
     The light shielding member S is disposed in an independent position within the display area in the sub-pixel (the formation area of the pixel electrode). As a result, the design of the light shielding member S (the adjustment for the transmittance) can be carried out without exerting an influence on the designs of the scanning lines and the signal lines. In addition, the light shielding member S is larger in outer shape in planar view than the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40 . Thus, the light shielding member S is similar in outer shape in planar view to the liquid crystal alignment controlling factor  40 . 
     Other Examples 
     In the structure in which the light shielding member S is provided on the drive substrate  10  side, a metallic film of which a subsidiary capacitor (Cs) is composed is diverted to the light shielding member S, and an area not contributing to the subsidiary capacitor is extended. As a result, it is possible to obtain the same effect as that of the light shielding member S. 
     In addition, the combination use of the light shielding member S corresponding to the spacer  41  with the member for adjustment for the transmittances of the sub-pixels is especially by no means limited to the liquid crystal having the FFS mode. Thus, the light shielding member S corresponding to the spacer  41  can be applied irrespective of the mode of the liquid crystal as long as the spacer  41  is similarly formed and the light shielding is necessary for the spacer  41 . In particular, using the Black pattern of the color filter as the light shielding member S becomes the effective means because it exerts no influence on the design of the pixel portion. 
     Effect of the Embodiment 
     The chromaticity of the color filter can be made to correspond to the white chromaticity coordinates corresponding to the specification of the product without being changed. Therefore, it becomes possible to respond to the desired specification while the reduction in characteristics is suppressed. In addition, since the light shielding section previously disposed is used as the light shielding member S as well, the response thereto becomes possible merely by simply changing the design of the mask for the photolithography process in forming the pattern on the drive substrate  10  or the counter substrate  20 . As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in manufacturing time or the cost-up. 
     Next, a description will be given with respect to examples of application of the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
     Electronic Apparatuses 
     The liquid crystal display device of the embodiment includes flat type module shaped one as shown in  FIG. 14 . For example, a display module is obtained as follows. That is to say, a pixel array portion  2002   a  is provided in which pixels each composed of a liquid crystal element, a thin film transistor, a thin film capacitor, a light receiving element, and the like are formed in a matrix integrally with one another on an insulating substrate  2002 . An adhesive agent  2021  is disposed so as to surround the pixel array portion (pixel matrix portion)  2002   a . Also, a counter substrate  2006  made of a glass or the like is stuck to the insulating substrate  2002 , thereby obtaining the display module. The transparent counter substrate  2006  may be provided with a color filter, a protective film, a light shielding film, and the like as may be necessary. The display module may be provided with a flexible printed circuit board (FPC)  2023  as a connector through which a signal or the like is inputted/outputted to/from the pixel array portion  2002   a  from/to the outside. 
     The liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention described above can be applied to liquid crystal display devices, of electronic apparatuses in all the fields, in each of which a video signal inputted to the electronic apparatus, or a video signal generated in the electronic apparatus is displayed in the form of an image or a video image. These electronic apparatuses are typified by various electronic apparatuses, shown in  FIG. 15  to  FIGS. 19A to 19G , such as a digital camera, a notebook-size personal computer, mobile terminal equipment such as a mobile phone, and a video camera. Hereinafter, examples of electronic apparatuses to each of which the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described. 
       FIG. 15  is a perspective view showing a television set, as an example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied. The television set according to the example of application includes an image display screen portion  101  composed of a front panel  102 , a filter glass  103 , and the like. Also, the television set is manufactured by using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention as the image display screen portion  101 . 
       FIGS. 16A and 16B  are respectively perspective views each showing a digital camera, as another example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied.  FIG. 16A  is a perspective view when the digital camera is viewed from a front side, and FIG.  16 B is a perspective view when the digital camera is viewed from a back side. The digital camera according to another example of application includes a light emitting portion  111  for flash, a display portion  112 , a menu switch  113 , a shutter button  114 , and the like. The digital camera is manufactured by using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention as the display portion  112 . 
       FIG. 17  is a perspective view showing a notebook-size personal computer, as still another example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied. The notebook-size personal computer according to the still another example of application includes a main body  121 , a keyboard  122  which is manipulated when characters or the like are inputted, a display portion  123  for displaying thereon an image, and the like. The notebook-size personal computer is manufactured by using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention as the display portion  123 . 
       FIG. 18  is a perspective view showing a video camera, as yet another example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied. The video camera according to the yet another example of application includes a main body portion  131 , a lens  132  which captures an image of a subject and which is provided on a side surface directed forward, a start/stop switch  133  which is manipulated when an image of a subject is captured, a display portion  134 , and the like. The video camera is manufactured by using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention as the display portion  134 . 
       FIGS. 19A to 19G  are respectively views showing mobile terminal equipment, for example, mobile phone, as a further example of application, to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied.  FIG. 19A  is a front view in an open state of the mobile phone,  FIG. 19B  is a side elevational view in the open state of the mobile phone,  FIG. 19C  is a front view in a close state of the mobile phone,  FIG. 19D  is a left side elevational view of the mobile phone,  FIG. 19E  is a right side elevational view of the mobile phone, and  FIG. 19G  is a bottom view of the mobile phone. The mobile phone according to the further example of application includes an upper chassis  141 , a lower chassis  142 , a connection portion (a hinge portion in this case)  143 , a display portion  144 , a sub-display portion  145 , a picture light  146 , a camera  147 , and the like. The mobile phone is manufactured by using the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention as the display portion  144  or the sub-display portion  145 . 
     Display Image Pickup Device 
     The liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a display image pickup device which will be described below. In addition, the display image pickup device can be applied to electronic apparatuses described above.  FIG. 20  shows an entire configuration of the display image pickup device. The display image pickup device includes an I/O display panel  2000 , a backlight  1500 , a display device circuit  1200 , a received light drive circuit  1300 , an image processing portion  1400 , and an application program executing portion  1100 . 
     The I/O display panel  2000  is composed of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel in which a plurality of pixels are disposed in a matrix over an entire surface. The I/O display panel  2000  has a display function and an image pickup function. With the display function, an image such as a predetermined figure or characters based on display data is displayed while a line-sequential operation is carried out. Also, with the image pickup function, an image of an object which contacts or approaches the I/O display panel  2000  as will be described later is captured. In addition, the backlight  1500  is a light source for the I/O display panel  2000  in which, for example, a plurality of light emitting diodes are disposed. The backlight  1500  carries out an ON/OFF operation at a high speed at a predetermined timing synchronous with an operation of the I/O display panel  2000 . 
     The display drive circuit  1200  is a circuit for driving the I/O display panel  2000  (for driving the line-sequential operation) so that an image based on the display data is displayed on the I/O display panel  2000  (so that the display operation is carried out). 
     The light receiving circuit  1300  is a circuit for driving the I/O display panel  2000  (for driving the line-sequential operation) so that data on the received lights is obtained in the I/O display panel  2000  (so that an image of an object is captured). It is noted that the data on the received lights in the respective pixels, for example, is accumulated in frames in a frame memory  1300 A, and is then outputted to the image processing portion  1400  as the captured image. 
     The image processing portion  1400  executes predetermined image processing (arithmetic operating processing) based on the captured image which is outputted from the received light drive circuit  1300 , thereby detecting and acquiring information on the object (such as position coordinate data, and data on a shape and a size of the object) which contacts or approaches the I/O display panel  2000 . 
     The application program executing portion  1100  executes processing corresponding to predetermined application software based on the detection results obtained from the image processing portion  1400 . For example, processing for containing the position coordinates of the detected object in the display data, and displaying the display data on the I/O display panel  2000 , and the like are given as the processing described above. It is noted that the display data generated from the application program executing portion  1100  is supplied to the display drive circuit  1200 . 
     Next, a detailed configuration of the I/O display panel  2000  will be described with reference to  FIG. 21 . The I/O display panel  2000  includes a display area (sensor area)  2100 , an H driver  2200  for display, a V driver  2300  for display, an H driver  2500  for sensor read, and a driver  2400  for a sensor. 
     The display area (sensor area)  2100  is an area through which a light from the backlight  1500  is modulated to radiate a display light, and an image of an object contacting or approaching this area is captured. Also, the liquid crystal elements as emission elements (display elements), and light receiving elements (image pickup elements) which will be described later are each disposed in a matrix, respectively. 
     The H driver  2200  for display drives the liquid crystal elements of the pixels within the display area  2100  in the line-sequential manner together with the V driver  2300  for display in accordance with a display signal for display drive, and a control clock which are supplied from the display drive circuit  1200 . 
     The H driver  2500  for sensor read drives the light receiving elements of the pixels within the sensor area  2100  in the line-sequential manner together with the V driver  2400  for a sensor, thereby acquiring a light reception signal. 
     Next, a detailed configuration of each of pixels in the display area  2100  will be described with reference to  FIG. 22 . A pixel  3100  shown in  FIG. 22  is composed of a liquid crystal element as a display element, and a light receiving element. 
     Specifically, a switching element  3100   a  composed of a thin film transistor or the like is disposed in an intersection between a horizontally extending gate electrode  3100   h , and a vertically extending drain electrode  3100   i  on the display element side. A pixel electrode  3100   b  including the liquid crystal is disposed between the switching element  3100   a  and the counter electrode. Also, the switching element  3100   a  is turned ON or OFF in accordance with a drive signal supplied thereto through the gate electrode  3100   h . When the switching element  3100   a  is held in an ON state, a pixel voltage is applied to the pixel electrode  3100   b  in accordance with a display signal supplied to the switching element  3100   a  through the drain electrode  3100   i , thereby setting a display state. 
     On the other hand, a light receiving sensor  3100   c , for example, composed of a photodiode or the like is disposed on the side of the light receiving element adjacent to the display element, and thus a power source voltage VDD is adopted to be supplied to the light receiving sensor  3100   c . A reset switch  3100   d  and a capacitor  3100   e  are each connected to the light receiving sensor  3100   c . Thus, the electric charges corresponding to a quantity of received lights are accumulated in the capacitor  3100   e  while the light receiving sensor  3100   c  is reset by the reset switch  3100   d . Also, the electric charges thus accumulated are supplied to an electrode  3100   j  for signal output through a buffer amplifier  3100   f  at a timing at which the read switch  3100   g  is turned ON, and are then outputted to the outside. In addition, an ON/OFF operation of the reset switch  3100   d  is controlled in accordance with a signal supplied from a reset electrode  3100   k , and an ON/OFF operation of the read switch  3100   g  is controlled in accordance with a signal supplied from a read control electrode  3100   k.    
     Next, a connection relationship between each of the pixels within the display area  2100 , and the H driver  2500  for sensor read will be described with reference to  FIG. 23 . In the display area  2100 , a sub-pixel  3100  for Red (R), a sub-pixel  3200  for Green (G), and a sub-pixel  3300  for Blue (B) are displayed side by side. 
     The electric charges accumulated in capacitors connected to light receiving sensors  3100   c ,  3200   c  and  3300   c  of the sub-pixels  3100 ,  3200  and  3300 , respectively, are amplified by buffers  3100   f ,  3200   f  and  3300   f , respectively, and are supplied to the H driver  2500  for sensor read through the electrodes for signal output at a timing at which each of the read switches  3100   g ,  3200   g  and  3300   g  is turned ON. It is noted that constant current sources  4100   a ,  4100   b  and  4100   c  are connected to the electrodes for signal output, respectively, which results in that the H driver  2500  for sensor read detects signals corresponding to quantities of received lights, respectively, at a high sensitivity. 
     Next, an operation of the display image pickup device to which the liquid crystal display device  1  of the embodiment is applied will be described in detail. 
     Firstly, a description will be given with respect to a basic operation of the display image pickup device, that is, an operation for displaying an image, and an operation for capturing an image of an object. 
     In the display image pickup device, a drive signal for display is generated in the drive circuit  1200  for display based on the display data supplied from the application program executing portion  1100 . Also, the line-sequential display drive is carried out for the I/O display panel  2000  in accordance with the drive signal, thereby displaying an image on the I/O display panel  2000 . At this time, the backlight  1500  is also driven by the display drive circuit  1200 , and thus a radiation/non-radiation operation is carried out synchronously with the operation of the I/O display panel  2000 . 
     Here, a relationship between an ON/OFF state of the backlight  1500 , and the display state of the I/O display panel  2000  will be described with reference to  FIG. 24 . In  FIG. 24 , an axis of abscissa represents time, and an axis of ordinate represents a position of a row in a vertical direction along which the light receiving elements of the pixels are successively scanned for image capturing. 
     Firstly, when, for example, the image display is made with a frame period of ( 1/60) seconds, the backlight  1500  is put OFF (turned OFF) for a time period of the first half (for ( 1/120) seconds) of each of the frame time periods, and thus no display is made. On the other hand, for a time period of the second half of each of the frame time periods, the backlight  1500  is put ON (turned ON). As a result, the display signal is supplied to the pixels, and an image corresponding to the frame time period concerned is displayed. 
     As has been described, the time period of the first half of each of the frame time periods is a non-radiation time period for which no display light is radiated from the I/O display panel  2000 . On the other hand, the time period of the second half of each of the frame time periods is a radiation time period for which the display light is radiated from the I/O display panel  2000 . 
     Here, when there is an object (for example, a fingertip or the like) contacting or approaching the I/O display panel  2000 , an image of the object is captured in the light receiving elements of the pixels in the I/O display panel  2000  by carrying out the received light driving operation in the line-sequential manner by the received light drive circuit  1300 . Also, the received light signals are supplied from the light receiving elements to the received light drive circuit  1300 . In the received light drive circuit  1300 , the received light signals for one frame from the pixels are accumulated, and are then outputted to the image processing portion  1400  as the captured image. 
     Also, the image processing portion  1400  executes the predetermined image processing (arithmetic operation processing) based on the captured image. As a result, there is detected the information on the object (the position coordinate data, the data on the shape and size of the object, and the like) contacting or approaching the I/O display panel  2000 . 
     As an example, a difference in data between the captured image for an invalid time period, and a captured image for a valid time period, which results in that it is possible to remove the outside light, and thus it is possible to obtain the image information based on the light which is radiated from the backlight  1500  to be reflected by the object contacting or approaching the I/O display panel  2000  for the valid time period. The image processing or the like for extracting the data each equal or larger than a predetermined threshold from the image information, and binarizing the data thus extracted, thereby obtaining the coordinates of the center of gravity. As a result, the information about the object contacting or approaching the I/O display panel  2000  is obtained. 
     In addition, when the infrared light for detection is radiated together with the visible light from the backlight  1500 , the backlight  1500  may be normally turned ON for radiation of the visible light component by carrying out the ON/OFF operation for radiation of the infrared light component. 
     It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur depending on design requirements and other factor in so far as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.