Patent Publication Number: US-8974839-B2

Title: Dietary supplement system for multifunctional anti-aging management and method of use

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/573,386 filed Sep. 13, 2012 and titled “Dietary Supplement System for Multifunctional Anti-Aging Management and Method of Use,” which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/534,673 filed Sep. 14, 2011. The content of each of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety for all purposes. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The aging process is believed to relate to the failure of cell components such as the cell nucleus to continue to replicate otherwise healthy cells. This is believed to occur as a result of damage which occurs to essential cell components resultant of decrease in levels of key chemical agents or substances involved in cellular regulation and production. These agents will typically diminish as a result of reduction in efficiency over time of glands and organs in the human body. Reductions in such key chemical agents are believed to cause damage to the RNA and DNA in each cell nucleus which thereby reduces the ability of the cell to reproduce itself which ultimately brings on the aging process which yet further accelerates the decrease in body&#39;s production of the key agents. Therefore, the essential problem in anti-aging management is that of maintaining appropriate levels of key metabolic agents so that the genetic material within each cell will not become damaged or otherwise lose efficiency. 
     Therefore, it is desirable to have improved dietary supplement compositions that provide nutrients and substances to effectively support optimal cellular functions for the purpose of anti-aging management at both the cellular and organ levels. 
     SUMMARY 
     A dietary supplement system includes a first dietary supplement composition for oral administration by an individual in the morning, said first composition, comprising: (a) a telomere maintenance complex comprising: Purslane extract (aerial parts), 4-6 mg; Turmeric rhizome extract (95% curcuminoids), 20-30 mg; Quercetin dehydrate, 12-18 mg; Cayenne pepper fruit, 8-12 mg; Vanadium (as vanadyl sulfate), 20-30 meg; Fenugreek seed, 20-30 mg;  Astragalus  root extract, 8-12 mg; Omega fatty acid complex, 160-240 mg, including linoleic acid (10.6%), alpha-linolenic acid (1.3%), oleic acid (1.6%), borage seed oil (10% gamma-linolenic acid), evening primrose oil (4.8% GLA), fish body oil (4.5% eicosapentaenoic acid, 3.0% docosahexaenoic acid); (b) a calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression complex comprising: Trans-resveratrol (from  Polygonum cuspidatum  root extract), 1.6-2.4 mg Pterostilbene (99%), 1.6-2.4 mg; Fisetin 50% ( Buxus microphlla  Sieb (stem and leaf)), 1.6-2.4 mg; Alpha lipoic acid, 8-12 mg; Coenzyme Q-10, 4-6 mg; Betaine HCl, 3.2-4.8 mg; Sulfur (from methylsulfonylmethane), 1-1.5 mg; L-Carnitine tartrate, 8-12 mg; L-Carnitine HCl, 4-6 mg; and (c) a free radical scavenger complex, comprising: Green tea leaf extract (40% catechin and polyphenols), 40-60 mg; Anthocyanins (from bilberry fruit and grape skin extracts), 4-6 mg. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In one embodiment, the present invention provides a dietary supplement system for supporting multifunctional anti-aging management. In one embodiment, the nutritional supplement system comprises two dietary supplement compositions, each for oral administration by an individual at a specific time of a day. 
     In one embodiment, each of the two dietary supplement compositions comprises multiple sub-functional groups of components, including telomere maintenance complex, calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression complex, free radical scavenger complex, DNA repair complex, stem cell maintenance complex, and cell regulation complex. Furthermore, the dietary supplement compositions also comprise multiple vitamins and minerals. One of the two supplement compositions is designated for oral administration in the morning, and hence is referred to as AM dietary supplement composition or AM composition hereinafter, and the other supplement composition is designated for oral administration in the evening, and hence is referred to as PM dietary supplement composition or PM composition hereinafter. 
     Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one having ordinary skills in the art to which the invention belongs. It should also be understood that various individual components used herein may have more than one type of properties. 
     In the dietary supplement compositions, telomere maintenance complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly support maintaining telomere of the chromosome. The telomere maintenance complex includes, but not limited to, purslane extract (aerial parts), turmeric rhizome extract containing curcuminoids, quercetin dehydrate, cayenne pepper fruit, vanadium, fenugreek seed,  astragalus  root extract, valerian root, omega fatty acid complex including linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and oleic acid, borage seed oil, evening primrose oil and fish body oil. 
     The calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly support calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression. The calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression complex includes, but not limited to, trans-resveratrol, such as from extract of  polygonum cuspidatum  root or grape skin, pterostilbene, fisetin, alpha lipoic acid, coenzyme Q-10, betaine HCl, sulfur, such as from methylsulfonylmethane, L-carnitine tartrate, L-carnitine HCl, acetyl-L-carnitine, and avocado extract. 
     The free radical scavenger complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly function as antioxidant and reduce free radicals. The free radical scavenger complex includes, but not limited to, green tea leaf extract containing catechin and polyphenols, anthocyanins such as from bilberry fruit and grape skin extracts,  ginkgo biloba  leaf extract containing ginkgo flavonglycosides and sesquiterpene lactones, cruciferous vegetable concentrate (broccoli, kale, radish) containing glucosinolates, grape skin extract containing total phenolics, tomato lycopene extract containing lycopene, rosemary extract (aerial parts), pycnogenol (pine bark extract), lutein such as from marigold flower extract, and green barley grass (aerial parts). 
     The DNA repair complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly support DNA repairing in both nuclei and mitochondria. The DNA repair complex includes, not limited to, water extract of  Uncaria tomentosa  containing carboxy alkyl esters, N-acetyl-cysteine, inositol hexaphosphate, and melatonin. 
     The stem cell maintenance complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly support optimal maintenance of stem cells and gene expression. The stem cell maintenance complex includes, but not limited to,  chlorella  algae,  spirulina  algae, klamath blue-green algae, fuxoxanthin seaweed (whole plant), nori seaweed extract or brown seaweed extract. 
     The cell regulation complex comprises a group of components that individually and/or jointly support optimal cell regulation. The cell regulation complex includes, but not limited to, gotu kola leaf, phosphatidyl choline such as from soy lecithin, DMAE bitartrate,  cordyceps sinensis  mushroom extract containing cordyceptic acid, royal jelly 3× containing 10-HDA, l-glutamine, taurine, L-phenylalanine, tyrosine, inositol, L-arginine, L-ornithine, guarana seed extract, probiotic blend ( lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus plantarum, bifidobacterium bifidum  and  lactobacillus casei ), amylase, neutral protease, cellulase, lactase, and lipase. 
     Multiple vitamins in the dietary supplement compositions include, but not limited to, vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, biotin, and pantothenic acid. 
     The minerals in the dietary supplement compositions include, but not limited to iodine, calcium, zinc, selenium, copper, manganese, chromium, and molybdenum. Optionally, the minerals may further include transitional metal trace elements such as iridium, rhodium, ruthenium, and/or other transitional metal trace elements. 
     In addition to the active components described above, each composition may further include pharmaceutically acceptable medium. Pharmaceutically acceptable medium is known to those of ordinary skilled in the art. In one exemplary embodiment, the medium includes microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, calcium silicate, magnesium stearate, silica and film coat ingredients such as hypromellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol. The dietary supplement compositions can be made into various forms suitable for oral administration, for example powder, granules, capsules, tablets, or liquid. 
     In the AM and PM dietary supplement compositions, each sub-functional group may have some differences in the components described above, and the amount or concentration of individual components may be different, since the effects and needs between the two compositions provided at different times of a day may be different. 
     In one exemplary embodiment, the AM and PM dietary supplement compositions and the preferred amount of individual components are provided below in Table 1 and Table 2, respectively. It is noted that the amount of individual components is defined as the amount in one dosage or the amount of per serving, which can be contained in one or more capsules or tablets. For example, 20 to 30 mg of taurine in one dosage can be provided in one or two capsules. The size and number of capsules may depend on the manufacturability, which may further depend on the properties of the components and the pharmaceutically acceptable medium used therein. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 AM Dietary Supplement Composition 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Amount Per 
               
               
                 Components 
                 Serving 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Telomere Maintenance Complex 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Purslane extract (aerial parts) 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Turmeric rhizome extract (95% curcuminoids) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Quercetin dihydrate 
                 12-18 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cayenne pepper fruit 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vanadium (as vanadyl sulfate) 
                 20-30 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Fenugreek seed 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Astragalus  root extract 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Omega fatty acid complex including linoleic acid (10.6%), alpha- 
                 160-240 
                 mg 
               
               
                 linolenic acid (1.3%), oleic acid (1.6%)), borage seed oil (10% 
               
               
                 gamma-linolenic acid), evening primrose oil (4.8% GLA), fish body 
               
               
                 oil (4.5% eicosapentaenoic acid, 3.0% docosahexaenoic acid) 
               
               
                 Calorie Restriction Mimetics and Gene Expression Complex 
               
               
                 Trans-resveratrol (from  Polygonum cuspidatum  root extract) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Pterostilbene (99%) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fisetin 50% ( Buxus microphlla  Sieb (stem and leaf)) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Alpha lipoic acid 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Coenzyme Q-10 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Betaine HCl 
                 3.2-4.8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Sulfur (from methylsulfonylmethane) 
                 1-1.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine tartrate 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine HCl 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Free Radical Scavenger Complex 
               
               
                 Green tea leaf extract (40% catechin and polyphenols) 
                 40-60 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Anthocyanins (from bilberry fruit and grape skin extracts) 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Ginkgo biloba  leaf extract (24%  ginkgo  flavonglycosides, 6% 
                 40-60 
                 mg 
               
               
                 sesquiterpene lactones) 
               
               
                 Green barley grass (aerial parts) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DNA Repair Complex 
               
               
                 water extract of  uncaria tomentosa  (containing carboxy alkyl esters) 
                 100-150 
                 mg 
               
               
                 N-acetyl-cysteine 
                 10-15 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Inositol hexaphosphate 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Stem Cell Maintenance Complex 
               
               
                   Chlorella  algae 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Spirulina  algae 
                 40-60 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Klamath blue-green algae 
                 60-90 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fuxoxanthin seaweed (whole plant) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Nori seaweed extract 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cell Regulation Complex 
               
               
                 Gotu kola leaf 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Phosphatidyl choline (from soy lecithin) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DMAE bitartrate 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Cordyceps sinensis  mushroom extract (1% cordyceptic acid) 
                 10-15 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Royal jelly 3X (5% 10-HDA) 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Glutamine 
                 40-60 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Taurine 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Phenylalanine 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Tyrosine 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Guarana seed extract (20% caffeine) 
                 32-48 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Amylase 
                 480-720 
                 units 
               
               
                 Neutral protease 
                 120-180 
                 units 
               
               
                 Cellulase 
                 4-6 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lactase 
                 80-120 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lipase 
                 2.6-3.9 
                 units 
               
               
                 Vitamins 
               
               
                 Vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate and 85% as beta-carotene) 
                 1,440-2,160 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin C (as ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbic acid) 
                 80-120 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin D (as cholecalciferol) 
                 32-48 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopheryl succinate and from mixed natural 
                 40-60 
                 IU 
               
               
                 tocopherols) 
               
               
                 Vitamin K (as phytonadione) 
                 60-90 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Thiamin (as thiamin HCl) 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Riboflavin (as riboflavin and riboflavin-5-phosphate) 
                 3.2-4.8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Niacin (as niacinamide and niacin) 
                 56-84 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 6  (as pyridoxine HCl and pyridoxal 5-phosphate) 
                 9.6-14.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Folate (as folic acid) 
                 40-60 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 12  (as cyanocobalamin) 
                 64-96 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Biotin 
                 40-60 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Pantothenic acid (as D-calcium pantothenate) 
                 9.6-14.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Minerals 
               
               
                 Iodine (as potassium iodide and from kelp) 
                 24-36 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Calcium (as calcium carbonate and citrate) 
                 240-360 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Zinc (as zinc glycinate) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Selenium (as selenomethionine) 
                 24-36 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Copper (as copper lysinate) 
                 0.16-0.24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Manganese (as manganese gluconate) 
                 0.16-0.24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Chromium (as chromium polynicotinate) 
                 40-60 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Molybdenum (as sodium molybdate) 
                 6.4-9.6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Transitional metal trace elements including iridium, rhodium, 
                 10-90 
                 μg 
               
               
                 ruthenium 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 PM Dietary Supplement Composition 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Amount Per 
               
               
                 Component 
                 Serving 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Telomere Maintenance Complex 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Purslane extract (aerial parts) 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Turmeric rhizome extract (95% curcuminoids) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Quercetin dihydrate 
                 12-18 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cayenne pepper fruit 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vanadium (as vanadyl sulfate) 
                 16-24 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Fenugreek seed 
                 16-24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Valerian root 
                 24-36 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Omega fatty acid complex including linoleic acid (10.6%), alpha- 
                 160-240 
                 mg 
               
               
                 linolenic acid (1.3%), oleic acid (1.6%), borage seed oil (10% 
               
               
                 gamma-linolenic acid), evening primrose oil (4.8% GLA), fish 
               
               
                 body oil (4.5% eicosapentaenoic acid, 3.0% docosahexaenoic 
               
               
                 acid) 
               
               
                 Calorie Restriction Mimetics and Gene Expression Complex 
               
               
                 Trans-resveratol (as  Polygonum cuspidatum  root extract or grape 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 skin extract) 
               
               
                 Pterostilbene 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fisetin 50% ( Buxus microphlla  Sieb (stem and leaf)) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Alpha-lipoic acid 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Coenzyme Q 10   
                 2.8-4.2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Betaine (as betaine-HCl) 
                 2-3 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Sulfur (from methylsulfonylmethane) 
                 0.8-1.2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine tartrate 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Acetyl-L-carnitine 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Free Radical Scavenger Complex 
               
               
                 Cruciferous vegetable concentrate (broccoli, kale, radish) (2% 
                 32-48 
                 mg 
               
               
                 glucosinolates) 
               
               
                 Grape skin extract (37% total phenolics) 
                 16-24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Tomato lycopene extract (20% lycopene) 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Rosemary 4:1 extract (aerial parts) 
                 2.6-3.9 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Pycnogenol (pine bark extract) 
                 1.32-1.98 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Lutein (from marigold flower extract) 
                 0.64-0.96 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Green barley grass 
                 8-12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DNA Repair Complex 
               
               
                 Water extract of  uncaria tomentosa  (containing carboxy alkyl 
                 100-150 
                 mg 
               
               
                 esters) 
               
               
                 Inositol hexaphosphate 
                 1.6-2.4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 N-Acetyl cysteine 
                 6.4-9.6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Melatonin 
                 0.4-0.6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Stem Cell Maintenance Complex 
               
               
                   Chlorella  algae 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Spirulina  algae 
                 12-18 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Klamath blue green algae 
                 36-54 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fucoxanthin seaweed (whole plant) 
                 20-30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Brown seaweed extract 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cell Regulation Complex 
               
               
                 Phosphatidylcholine (from soy lecithin) 
                 16-24 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Cordyceps sinensis  mushroom extract (1% cordycepic acid) 
                 6.6-9.9 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Royal jelly 3x (5% 10-HDA) 
                 7.2-10.8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Inositol 
                 40-60 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Glutamine 
                 200-300 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Arginine (as L-arginine HCl) 
                 128-192 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Ornithine (as L-ornithine HCl) 
                 96-144 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Taurine 
                 12.8-19.2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Tyrosine 
                 16-24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Probiotic blend including  Lactobacillus acidophilus ,  Lactobacillus   
                 40-60 
                 million CFU 
               
               
                   plantarum ,  Bifidobacterium bifidum  and  Lactobacillus casei   
               
               
                 Amylase 
                 320-480 
                 units 
               
               
                 Neutral protease 
                 80-120 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lactase 
                 52-78 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lipase 
                 12.8-19.2 
                 units 
               
               
                 Vitamins 
               
               
                 Vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate and 85% from natural mixed 
                 1,120-1,680 
                 IU 
               
               
                 carotenoids) 
               
               
                 Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid and ascorbyl palmitate) 
                 160-240 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin D (as cholecalciferol) 
                 24-36 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin E (as d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate and from mixed natural 
                 32-48 
                 IU 
               
               
                 tocopherols) 
               
               
                 Vitamin K (as phytonadione) 
                 60-90 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Thiamin (as thiamin HCl) 
                 2-3 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Riboflavin (as riboflavin and riboflavin-5-phosphate) 
                 4-6 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Niacin (as niacinamide and niacin) 
                 56-84 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 6  (as pyridoxine HCl and pyridoxal-5-phosphate) 
                 6-9 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Folate (as folic acid) 
                 64-96 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 12  (as cyanocobalamin) 
                 96-144 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Biotin 
                 32-48 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Pantothenic acid (as D-calcium pantothenate) 
                 16-24 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Minerals 
               
               
                 Iodine (as potassium iodide and from kelp) 
                 9.6-14.4 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Magnesium (as magnesium oxide and glycinate) 
                 106-159 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Zinc (as zinc glycinate) 
                 1.2-1.8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Selenium (as selenomethionine) 
                 19.2-28.8 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Copper (as copper lysinate) 
                 0.08-0.12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Manganese (as manganese gluconate) 
                 0.08-0.12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Chromium (as chromium polynicotinate) 
                 32-48 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Molybdenum (as sodium molybdate) 
                 6.4-9.6 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Transitional metal trace elements including iridium, rhodium, 
                 10-90 
                 μg 
               
               
                 ruthenium 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Preferably, the AM dietary supplement composition is orally administered in the morning, and the PM dietary supplement composition is orally administered in the evening, for example at the bed time. Preferably, the dietary supplement compositions are administered daily as dietary or nutritional supplements. The compositions can be taken with or without food. 
     The unique combination of the above described telomere maintenance complex, calorie restriction mimetics and gene expression complex, free radical scavenger complex, DNA repair complex, stem cell maintenance complex, and cell regulation complex provides synergetic effects for optimal cellular function. The synergetic effects provide desired calorie restriction mimetics, reduce age related deteriorations in telomere maintenance, stem cell function, cell regulation and gene expression, reduce free radicals at cellular level, and enhance DNA repair in both nuclei and mitochondria. Moreover, the supplement compositions, through various components and their combination, further have anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation properties, and desired functions in regulating glycation and methylation. Therefore, the dietary supplement compositions provide a multifunctional and effective anti-aging management system. 
     The following example further describes and demonstrates embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     An AM dietary supplement composition shown in Table 3 below was prepared, with the processes known in the art. The amount per serving described was provided in two capsules. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Example AM Dietary Supplement Composition 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Amount Per 
               
               
                 Component 
                 Serving 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Telomere Maintenance Complex 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Purslane extract (aerial parts) 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Turmeric rhizome extract (95% curcuminoids) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Quercetin dihydrate 
                 15 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cayenne pepper fruit 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vanadium (as vanadyl sulfate) 
                 25 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Fenugreek seed 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Astragalus  root extract 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Omega fatty acid complex including linoleic acid (10.6%), 
                 200 
                 mg 
               
               
                 alpha-linolenic acid (1.3%), oleic acid (1.6%), borage seed 
               
               
                 oil (10% gamma-linolenic acid), evening primrose oil 
               
               
                 (4.8% GLA), fish body oil (4.5% eicosapentaenoic acid, 
               
               
                 3.0% docosahexaenoic acid) 
               
               
                 Calorie Restriction Mimetics and Gene Expression 
               
               
                 Complex 
               
               
                 Trans-resveratrol (from  Polygonum cuspidatum  root extract) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Pterostilbene (99%) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fisetin 50% ( Buxus microphlla  Sieb (stem and leaf)) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Alpha lipoic acid 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Coenzyme Q-10 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Betaine HCl 
                 4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Sulfur (from methylsulfonylmethane) 
                 1.25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine tartrate 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine HCL 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Free Radical Scavenger Complex 
               
               
                 Green tea leaf extract (40% catechin and polyphenols) 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Anthocyanins (from bilberry fruit and grape skin extracts) 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Ginkgo biloba  leaf extract (24%  ginkgo  flavonglycosides, 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                 6% sesquiterpene lactones) 
               
               
                 Green barley grass (aerial parts) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DNA Repair Complex 
               
               
                 Water extract of  uncaria tomentosa  (containing carboxy 
                 125 
                 mg 
               
               
                 alkyl Vesters) 
               
               
                 N-acetyl-cysteine 
                 12.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Inositol hexaphosphate 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Stem Cell Maintenance Complex 
               
               
                   Chlorella  algae 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Spirulina  algae 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Klamath blue-green algae 
                 75 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fuxoxanthin seaweed (whole plant) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Nori seaweed extract 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cell Regulation Complex 
               
               
                 Gotu kola leaf 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Phosphatidyl choline (from soy lecithin) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DMAE bitartrate 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Cordyceps sinensis  mushroom extract (1% cordyceptic 
                 12.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 acid) 
               
               
                 Royal jelly 3X (5% 10-HDA) 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Glutamine 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Taurine 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Phenylalanine 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Tyrosine 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Guarana seed extract (20% caffeine) 
                 40 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Amylase 
                 600 
                 units 
               
               
                 Neutral protease 
                 150 
                 units 
               
               
                 Cellulase 
                 5 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lactase 
                 100 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lipase 
                 25 
                 units 
               
               
                 Vitamins 
               
               
                 Vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate and 85% as beta-carotene) 
                 1,800 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin C (as ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbic acid) 
                 100 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin D (as cholecalciferol) 
                 40 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin E (as d-alpha tocopheryl succinate and from mixed 
                 50 
                 IU 
               
               
                 natural tocopherols) 
               
               
                 Vitamin K (as phytonadione) 
                 75 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Thiamin (as thiamin HCl) 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Riboflavin (as riboflavin and riboflavin-5-phosphate) 
                 4 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Niacin (as niacinamide and niacin) 
                 70 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 6  (as pyridoxine HCl and pyridoxal 5-phosphate) 
                 12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Folate (as folic acid) 
                 50 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 12  (as cyanocobalamin) 
                 80 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Biotin 
                 50 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Pantothenic acid (as D-calcium pantothenate) 
                 12 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Minerals 
               
               
                 Iodine (as potassium iodide and from kelp) 
                 30 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Calcium (as calcium carbonate and citrate) 
                 300 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Zinc (as zinc glycinate) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Selenium (as selenomethionine) 
                 30 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Copper (as copper lysinate) 
                 0.2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Manganese (as manganese gluconate) 
                 0.2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Chromium (as chromium polynicotinate) 
                 50 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Molybdenum (as sodium molybdate) 
                 8 
                 mg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Other ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, calcium silicate, magnesium stearate, silica and film coat ingredients (hypromellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol). 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     EXAMPLE 2 
     A PM dietary supplement composition shown in Table 4 below was prepared, with the processes known in the art. The amount per serving described was provided in two capsules. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Example PM Dietary Supplement Composition 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Components 
                 Amount Per Serving 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Telomere Maintenance Complex 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Purslane extract (aerial parts) 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Turmeric rhizome extract (95% curcuminoids) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Quercetin dihydrate 
                 15 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cayenne pepper fruit 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vanadium (as vanadyl sulfate) 
                 20 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Fenugreek seed 
                 20 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Valerian root 
                 30 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Omega fatty acid complex including linoleic acid 
                 200 
                 mg 
               
               
                 (10.6%), alpha-linolenic acid (1.3%), oleic acid 
               
               
                 (1.6%), borage seed oil (10% gamma-linolenic 
               
               
                 acid), evening primrose oil (4.8% GLA), fish body 
               
               
                 oil (4.5% eicosapentaenoic acid, 3.0% 
               
               
                 docosahexaenoic acid) 
               
               
                 Calorie Restriction Mimetics and Gene Expression 
               
               
                 Complex 
               
               
                 Resveratol (as  Polygonum cuspidatum  root extract) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Pterostilbene 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fisetin 50% ( Buxus microphlla  Sieb (stem and leaf)) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Alpha-lipoic acid 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Coenzyme Q 10   
                 3.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Betaine (as betaine-HCl) 
                 2.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Sulfur (from methylsulfonylmethane) 
                 1 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Carnitine tartrate 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Acetyl-L-carnitine 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Free Radical Scavenger Complex 
               
               
                 Cruciferous vegetable concentrate (broccoli, kale, 
                 40 
                 mg 
               
               
                 radish) (2% glucosinolates) 
               
               
                 Grape skin extract (37% total phenolics) 
                 20 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Tomato lycopene extract (20% lycopene) 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Rosemary 4:1 extract (aerial parts) 
                 3.25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Pycnogenol (pine bark extract) 
                 1.65 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Lutein (from marigold flower extract) 
                 0.8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Green barley grass 
                 10 
                 mg 
               
               
                 DNA Repair Complex 
               
               
                 Water extract of  uncaria tomentosa  (containing 
                 125 
                 mg 
               
               
                 carboxy alkyl esters) 
               
               
                 Inositol hexaphosphate 
                 2 
                 mg 
               
               
                 N-acetyl cysteine 
                 8 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Melatonin 
                 0.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Stem Cell Maintenance Complex 
               
               
                   Chlorella  algae 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Spirulina  algae 
                 15 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Klamath blue green algae 
                 45 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Fucoxanthin seaweed (whole plant) 
                 25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Brown seaweed extract 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Cell Regulation Complex 
               
               
                 Phosphatidylcholine (from soy lecithin) 
                 20 
                 mg 
               
               
                   Cordyceps sinensis  mushroom extract 
                 8.25 
                 mg 
               
               
                 (1% cordycepic acid) 
               
               
                 Royal jelly 3x (5% 10-HDA) 
                 9 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Inositol 
                 50 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Glutamine 
                 250 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Arginine (as L-arginine HCl) 
                 160 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Ornithine (as L-ornithine HCl) 
                 120 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Taurine 
                 16 
                 mg 
               
               
                 L-Tyrosine 
                 20 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Probiotic blend including  Lactobacillus acidophilus , 
                 50 
                 million CFU 
               
               
                   Lactobacillus plantarum ,  Bifidobacterium bifidum   
               
               
                 and  Lactobacillus casei   
               
               
                 Amylase 
                 400 
                 units 
               
               
                 Neutral protease 
                 100 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lactase 
                 65 
                 units 
               
               
                 Lipase 
                 16 
                 units 
               
               
                 Vitamins 
               
               
                 Vitamin A (as retinyl palmitate and 85% from 
                 1,400 
                 IU 
               
               
                 natural mixed carotenoids) 
               
               
                 Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid and ascorbyl palmitate) 
                 200 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin D (as cholecalciferol) 
                 30 
                 IU 
               
               
                 Vitamin E (as d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate and 
                 40 
                 IU 
               
               
                 from mixed natural tocopherols) 
               
               
                 Vitamin K (as phytonadione) 
                 75 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Thiamin (as thiamin HCl) 
                 2.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Riboflavin 
                 5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 (as riboflavin and riboflavin-5-phosphate) 
               
               
                 Niacin (as niacinamide and niacin) 
                 70 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 6   
                 7.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 (as pyridoxine HCl and pyridoxal-5-phosphate) 
               
               
                 Folate (as folic acid) 
                 80 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Vitamin B 12  (as cyanocobalamin) 
                 120 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Biotin 
                 40 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Pantothenic acid (as D-calcium pantothenate) 
                 20 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Minerals 
               
               
                 Iodine (as potassium iodide and from kelp) 
                 12 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Magnesium (as magnesium oxide and glycinate) 
                 132.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Zinc (as zinc glycinate) 
                 1.5 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Selenium (as selenomethionine) 
                 24 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Copper (as copper lysinate) 
                 0.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Manganese (as manganese gluconate) 
                 0.1 
                 mg 
               
               
                 Chromium (as chromium polynicotinate) 
                 40 
                 mcg 
               
               
                 Molybdenum (as sodium molybdate) 
                 8 
                 mcg 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Other ingredients: Microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, stearic acid, calcium silicate, magnesium stearate, silica and film coat ingredients (hypromellose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyethylene glycol). 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     While the invention has been disclosed in connection with certain preferred embodiments, this should not be taken as a limitation to all of the provided details. 
     Modifications and variations of the described embodiments may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and other embodiments should be understood to be encompassed in the present disclosure as would be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.