Patent Publication Number: US-2022225414-A1

Title: Physical random access channel procedure

Description:
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for physical random access channel (PRACH) procedure. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). 
     A wireless network may include a number of base stations (BSs) that can support communication for a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE may communicate with a BS via the downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers to the communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverse link) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, a gNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP), a New Radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, or the like. 
     The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. NR, which may also be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improving spectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful. 
     SUMMARY 
     In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: receive, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more physical random access channel (PRACH) formats associated with antenna switching; and transmit, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: transmit, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and receive, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: receive, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; determine a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and transmit, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to: determine a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE; determine a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; transmit, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and receive, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. 
     In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes receiving, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and transmitting, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by abase station includes transmitting, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and receiving, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by a UE includes receiving, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and transmitting, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     In some aspects, a method of wireless communication performed by abase station includes determining a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE; determining a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and receiving, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. 
     In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, cause the UE to: receive, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and transmit, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a base station, cause the base station to: transmit, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and receive, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of an UE, cause the UE to: receive, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; determine a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and transmit, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a base station, cause the base station to: determine a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE; determine a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; transmit, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and receive, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. 
     In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and means for transmitting, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for transmitting, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and means for receiving, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for receiving, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; means for determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and means for transmitting, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication includes means for determining a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE; means for determining a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and means for receiving, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. 
     Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, wireless communication device, and/or processing system as substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification. 
     The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements. 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station in communication with a UE in a wireless network. 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating an example of a regenerative satellite deployment and an example of a transparent satellite deployment in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating an example of a two-step random access procedure. 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating an example of a four-step random access procedure. 
         FIGS. 6-9  are diagrams illustrating examples associated with a physical random access channel (PRACH) procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 10-13  are diagrams illustrating example processes associated with a PRACH procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 14-17  are block diagrams of example apparatuses for wireless communication, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on the teachings herein, one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim. 
     Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. 
     It should be noted that while aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and/or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G). 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network  100 . The wireless network  100  may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and/or an LTE network, among other examples. The wireless network  100  may include a number of base stations  110  (shown as BS  110   a , BS  110   b , BS  110   c , and BS  110   d ) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with user equipment (UEs) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B (NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), or the like. Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BS and/or a BS subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. 
     A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shown in  FIG. 1 , a BS  110   a  may be a macro BS for a macro cell  102   a , a BS  110   b  may be a pico BS for a pico cell  102   b , and a BS  110   c  may be a femto BS for a femto cell  102   c . A BS may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “base station”, “NR BS”, “gNB” “TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” may be used interchangeably herein. 
     In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a mobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to one another and/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network  100  through various types of backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network. 
     Wireless network  100  may also include relay stations. A relay station is an entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown in  FIG. 1 , a relay BS  110   d  may communicate with macro BS  110   a  and a UE  120   d  in order to facilitate communication between BS  110   a  and UE  120   d . A relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay, or the like. 
     Wireless network  100  may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs of different types, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, or the like. These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interference in wireless network  100 . For example, macro BSs may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relay BSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts). 
     A network controller  130  may couple to a set of BSs and may provide coordination and control for these BSs. Network controller  130  may communicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicate with one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul. 
     UEs  120  (e.g.,  120   a ,  120   b ,  120   c ) may be dispersed throughout wireless network  100 , and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also be referred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station, or the like. A UE may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or equipment, biometric sensors/devices, wearable devices (smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wrist bands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor, smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium. 
     Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and/or location tags, that may communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., remote device), or some other entity. A wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may be considered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE  120  may be included inside a housing that houses components of UE  120 , such as processor components and/or memory components. In some aspects, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and/or electrically coupled. 
     In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed. 
     In some aspects, two or more UEs  120  (e.g., shown as UE  120   a  and UE  120   e ) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using a base station  110  as an intermediary to communicate with one another). For example, the UEs  120  may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol or a vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol), and/or a mesh network. In this case, the UE  120  may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the base station  110 . 
     Devices of wireless network  100  may communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided based on frequency or wavelength into various classes, bands, channels, or the like. For example, devices of wireless network  100  may communicate using an operating band having a first frequency range (FR1), which may span from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz, and/or may communicate using an operating band having a second frequency range (FR2), which may span from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to as a “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to as a “millimeter wave” band despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band. Thus, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and/or mid-band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is contemplated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 1  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram illustrating an example  200  of a base station  110  in communication with a UE  120  in a wireless network  100 . Base station  110  may be equipped with T antennas  234   a  through  234   t , and UE  120  may be equipped with R antennas  252   a  through  252   r , where in general T≥1 and R≥1. 
     At base station  110 , a transmit processor  220  may receive data from a data source  212  for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS(s) selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmit processor  220  may also process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and/or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmit processor  220  may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor  230  may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overhead symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs)  232   a  through  232   t . Each modulator  232  may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator  232  may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. T downlink signals from modulators  232   a  through  232   t  may be transmitted via T antennas  234   a  through  234   t , respectively. 
     At UE  120 , antennas  252   a  through  252   r  may receive the downlink signals from base station  110  and/or other base stations and may provide received signals to demodulators (DEMODs)  254   a  through  254   r , respectively. Each demodulator  254  may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each demodulator  254  may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector  256  may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators  254   a  through  254   r , perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. A receive processor  258  may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE  120  to a data sink  260 , and provide decoded control information and system information to a controller/processor  280 . The term “controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and/or a channel quality indicator (CQI) parameter, among other examples. In some aspects, one or more components of UE  120  may be included in a housing  284 . 
     Network controller  130  may include communication unit  294 , controller/processor  290 , and memory  292 . Network controller  130  may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. Network controller  130  may communicate with base station  110  via communication unit  294 . 
     Antennas (e.g., antennas  234   a  through  234   t  and/or antennas  252   a  through  252   r ) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and/or antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include a set of coplanar antenna elements and/or a set of non-coplanar antenna elements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include antenna elements within a single housing and/or antenna elements within multiple housings. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and/or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and/or reception components, such as one or more components of  FIG. 2 . 
     On the uplink, at UE  120 , a transmit processor  264  may receive and process data from a data source  262  and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and/or CQI) from controller/processor  280 . Transmit processor  264  may also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from transmit processor  264  may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor  266  if applicable, further processed by modulators  254   a  through  254   r  (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station  110 . In some aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g., MOD/DEMOD  254 ) of the UE  120  may be included in a modem of the UE  120 . In some aspects, the UE  120  includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s)  252 , modulators and/or demodulators  254 , MIMO detector  256 , receive processor  258 , transmit processor  264 , and/or TX MIMO processor  266 . The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller/processor  280 ) and memory  282  to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to  FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 , and/or  13 . 
     At base station  110 , the uplink signals from UE  120  and other UEs may be received by antennas  234 , processed by demodulators  232 , detected by a MIMO detector  236  if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor  238  to obtain decoded data and control information sent by UE  120 . Receive processor  238  may provide the decoded data to a data sink  239  and the decoded control information to controller/processor  240 . Base station  110  may include communication unit  244  and communicate to network controller  130  via communication unit  244 . Base station  110  may include a scheduler  246  to schedule UEs  120  for downlink and/or uplink communications. In some aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (e.g., MOD/DEMOD  232 ) of the base station  110  may be included in a modem of the base station  110 . In some aspects, the base station  110  includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna(s)  234 , modulators and/or demodulators  232 , MIMO detector  236 , receive processor  238 , transmit processor  220 , and/or TX MIMO processor  230 . The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller/processor  240 ) and memory  242  to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to  FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 , and/or  13 . 
     Controller/processor  240  of base station  110 , controller/processor  280  of UE  120 , and/or any other component(s) of  FIG. 2  may perform one or more techniques associated with a physical random access channel (PRACH) procedure, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, controller/processor  240  of base station  110 , controller/processor  280  of UE  120 , and/or any other component(s) of  FIG. 2  may perform or direct operations of, for example, process  1000  of  FIG. 10 , process  1100  of  FIG. 11 , process  1200  of  FIG. 12 , process  1300  of  FIG. 13 , and/or other processes as described herein. Memories  242  and  282  may store data and program codes for base station  110  and UE  120 , respectively. In some aspects, memory  242  and/or memory  282  may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and/or program code) for wireless communication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and/or interpreting) by one or more processors of the base station  110  and/or the UE  120 , may cause the one or more processors, the UE  120 , and/or the base station  110  to perform or direct operations of, for example, process  1000  of  FIG. 10 , process  1100  of  FIG. 11 , process  1200  of  FIG. 12 , process  1300  of  FIG. 13 , and/or other processes as described herein. In some aspects, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and/or interpreting the instructions, among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and/or means for transmitting, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. Tc means for the UE  120  to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of antenna  252 , demodulator  254 , MIMO detector  256 , receive processor  258 , transmit processor  264 , TX MIMO processor  266 , modulator  254 , controller/processor  280 , or memory  282 . 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting, to the base station, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting an indication of at least one of: a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna; means for performing, at an antenna switch time, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna; and/or means for transmitting a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for identifying the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration. In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of the antenna switch time. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats; and/or means for receiving an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence; and/or means for determining whether to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna; means for performing, after transmitting the first repetition group, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna; and/or means for transmitting a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching; and/or means for receiving, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. The means for the base station  110  to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of transmit processor  220 , TX MIMO processor  230 , modulator  232 , antenna  234 , demodulator  232 , MIMO detector  236 , receive processor  238 , controller/processor  240 , memory  242 , or scheduler  246 . 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for receiving, from the UE, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for receiving an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for receiving an indication of at least one of: a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for receiving a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE; and/or means for receiving a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of a time that the UE is to perform an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats; and/or means for transmitting an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for receiving a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE; and/or means for receiving a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; means for determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and/or means for transmitting, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. The means for the UE  120  to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of antenna  252 , demodulator  254 , MIMO detector  256 , receive processor  258 , transmit processor  264 , TX MIMO processor  266 , modulator  254 , controller/processor  280 , or memory  282 . 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for receiving an indication of a timing offset value; and/or means for determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence; and/or means for modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration; and/or means for transmitting the PRACH sequence with a cyclic prefix having the second cyclic prefix duration. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration, means for determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for determining a first timing value that is based on the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; means for subtracting, from the first timing value, the estimated propagation delay to obtain a second timing value; and/or means for adding, to the second timing value, a timing offset value to obtain a third timing value. 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  includes means for transmitting the PRACH sequence at the third timing value. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for determining a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE; means for determining a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and/or means for receiving, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. The means for the base station  110  to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of transmit processor  220 , TX MIMO processor  230 , modulator  232 , antenna  234 , demodulator  232 . MIMO detector  236 , receive processor  238 , controller/processor  240 , memory  242 , or scheduler  246 . 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for determining that the second set of resources is to include: time domain resources that occur prior to time domain resources of the first set of resources, and time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for determining that the second set of resources is to include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for determining that the second set of resources is to include additional time domain resources than time domain resources of the first set of resources, wherein an amount of the additional time domain resources is based at least in part on at least one of: a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence, a negative propagation delay estimated by the UE, or a positive propagation delay estimated by the UE. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for transmitting an indication of a timing offset value to be used by the UE for a transmission timing of the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence; means for modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration; and/or means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the second cyclic prefix duration to be used by the UE for the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  includes means for identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration; and/or means for transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the timing offset value. 
     While blocks in  FIG. 2  are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor  264 , the receive processor  258 , and/or the TX MIMO processor  266  may be performed by or under the control of controller/processor  280 . 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 2  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to  FIG. 2 . 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram illustrating an example  300  of a regenerative satellite deployment and an example  310  of a transparent satellite deployment in a non-terrestrial network (NTN). 
     Example  300  shows a regenerative satellite deployment. In example  300 , a UE  120  is served by a satellite  320  via a service link  330 . For example, the satellite  320  may include a base station  110  (e.g., base station  110   a ) or a gNB. In some aspects, the satellite  320  may be referred to as a non-terrestrial base station, a regenerative repeater, or an on-board processing repeater. In some aspects, the satellite  320  may demodulate an uplink radio frequency signal and may modulate a baseband signal derived from the uplink radio signal to produce a downlink radio frequency transmission. The satellite  320  may transmit the downlink radio frequency signal on the service link  330 . The satellite  320  may provide a cell that covers the UE  120 . 
     Example  310  shows a transparent satellite deployment, which may also be referred to as a bent-pipe satellite deployment. In example  310 , a UE  120  is served by a satellite  340  via the service link  330 . The satellite  340  may be a transparent satellite. The satellite  340  may relay a signal received from gateway  350  via a feeder link  360 . For example, the satellite may receive an uplink radio frequency transmission, and may transmit a downlink radio frequency transmission without demodulating the uplink radio frequency transmission. In some aspects, the satellite may frequency convert the uplink radio frequency transmission received on the service link  330  to a frequency of the uplink radio frequency transmission on the feeder link  360  and may amplify and/or filter the uplink radio frequency transmission. 
     In some aspects, the UEs  120  shown in example  300  and example  310  may be associated with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capability or a Global Positioning System (GPS) capability, though not all UEs have such capabilities. The satellite  340  may provide a cell that covers the UE  120 . 
     The service link  330  may include a link between the satellite  340  and the UE  120 , and may include one or more of an uplink or a downlink. The feeder link  360  may include a link between the satellite  340  and the gateway  350 , and may include one or more of an uplink (e.g., from the UE  120  to the gateway  350 ) or a downlink (e.g., from the gateway  350  to the UE  120 ). An uplink of the service link  330  may be indicated by reference number  330 -U (not shown in  FIG. 3 ) and a downlink of the service link  330  may be indicated by reference number  330 -D (not shown in  FIG. 3 ). Similarly, an uplink of the feeder link  360  may be indicated by reference number  360 -U (not shown in  FIG. 3 ) and a downlink of the feeder link  360  may be indicated by reference number  360 -D (not shown in  FIG. 3 ). 
     The feeder link  360  and the service link  330  may each experience Doppler effects due to the movement of the satellites  320  and  340 , and potentially movement of a UE  120 . These Doppler effects may be significantly larger than in a terrestrial network. The Doppler effect on the feeder link  360  may be compensated for to some degree, but may still be associated with some amount of uncompensated frequency error. Furthermore, the gateway  350  may be associated with a residual frequency error, and/or the satellite  320 / 340  may be associated with an on-board frequency error. These sources of frequency error may cause a received downlink frequency at the UE  120  to drift from a target downlink frequency. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 3  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 4  is a diagram illustrating an example  400  of a two-step random access procedure. As shown in  FIG. 4 , a base station  110  and a UE  120  may communicate with one another to perform the two-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the two-step random access procedure may be performed in an NTN, such as an NTN as described above in connection with  FIG. 3  (e.g., the base station  110  may be a satellite or a satellite may include the base station  110 ). 
     As shown by reference number  405 , the base station  110  may transmit, and the UE  120  may receive, one or more synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) and random access configuration information. In some aspects, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in and/or indicated by system information (e.g., in one or more system information blocks (SIBs)) and/or an SSB, such as for contention-based random access. Additionally, or alternatively, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in a radio resource control (RRC) message and/or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order message that triggers a random access channel (RACH) procedure, such as for contention-free random access. The random access configuration information may include one or more parameters to be used in the two-step random access procedure, such as one or more parameters for transmitting a random access message (RAM) and/or receiving a random access response (RAR) to the RAM. 
     As shown by reference number  410 , the UE  120  may transmit, and the base station  110  may receive, a RAM preamble. As shown by reference number  415 , the UE  120  may transmit, and the base station  110  may receive, a RAM payload. As shown, the UE  120  may transmit the RAM preamble and the RAM payload to the base station  110  as part of an initial (or first) step of the two-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RAM may be referred to as message A, msgA, a first message, or an initial message in a two-step random access procedure. Furthermore, in some aspects, the RAM preamble may be referred to as a message A preamble, a sequence a msgA preamble, a preamble, a physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble, or a PRACH sequence, and the RAM payload may be referred to as a message A payload, a msgA payload, or a payload. In some aspects, the RAM may include some or all of the contents of message 1 (msg1) and message 3 (msg3) of a four-step random access procedure, which is described in more detail below. For example, the RAM preamble may include some or all contents of message 1 (e.g., a PRACH preamble), and the RAM payload may include some or all contents of message 3 (e.g., a UE identifier, uplink control information (UCI), and/or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission). 
     As shown by reference number  420 , the base station  110  may receive the RAM preamble transmitted by the UE  120 . If the base station  110  successfully receives and decodes the RAM preamble, the base station  110  may then receive and decode the RAM payload. 
     As shown by reference number  425 , the base station  110  may transmit an RAR (sometimes referred to as an RAR message). As shown, the base station  110  may transmit the RAR message as part of a second step of the two-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RAR message may be referred to as message B, msgB, or a second message in a two-step random access procedure, the RAR message may include some or all of the contents of message 2 (msg2) and message 4 (msg4) of a four-step random access procedure. For example, the RAR message may include the detected PRACH preamble identifier, the detected UE identifier, a timing advance value, and/or contention resolution information. 
     As shown by reference number  430 , as part of the second step of the two-step random access procedure, the base station  110  may transmit a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) communication for the RAR. The PDCCH communication may schedule a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) communication that includes the RAR For example, the PDCCH communication may indicate a resource allocation (e.g., in downlink control information (DCI)) for the PDSCH communication. 
     As shown by reference number  435 , as part of the second step of the two-step random access procedure, the base station  110  may transmit the PDSCH communication for the RAR, as scheduled by the PDCCH communication. The RAR may be included in a medium access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU) of the PDSCH communication. As shown by reference number  440 , if the UE  120  successfully receives the RAR, the UE  120  may transmit a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK). 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 4  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to  FIG. 4 . 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating an example  500  of a four-step random access procedure. As shown in  FIG. 5 , a base station  110  and a UE  120  may communicate with one another to perform the four-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the four-step random access procedure may be performed in an NTN, such as an NTN as described above in connection with  FIG. 3  (e.g., the base station  110  may be a satellite or a satellite may include the base station  110 ). 
     As shown by reference number  505 , the base station  110  may transmit, and the UE  120  may receive, one or more SSBs and random access configuration information. In some aspects, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in and/or indicated by system information (e.g., in one or more system information blocks (SIBs)) and/or an SSB, such as for contention-based random access. Additionally, or alternatively, the random access configuration information may be transmitted in a radio resource control (RRC) message and/or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) order message that triggers a RACH procedure, such as for contention-free random access. The random access configuration information may include one or more parameters to be used in the random access procedure, such as one or more parameters for transmitting a RAM and/or one or more parameters for receiving an RAR. 
     As shown by reference number  510 , the UE  120  may transmit a RAM, which may include a preamble (sometimes referred to as a sequence, random access preamble, a PRACH preamble, a PRACH sequence, or a RAM preamble). The message that includes the preamble may be referred to as a message 1, msg1, MSG1, a first message, or an initial message in a four-step random access procedure. The random access message may include a random access preamble identifier. 
     As shown by reference number  515 , the base station  110  may transmit an RAR as a reply to the preamble. The message that includes the RAR may be referred to as message 2, msg2, MSG2, or a second message in a four-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RAR may indicate the detected random access preamble identifier (e.g., received from the UE  120  in msg1). Additionally, or alternatively, the RAR may indicate a resource allocation to be used by the UE  120  to transmit message 3 (msg3). 
     In some aspects, as part of the second step of the four-step random access procedure, the base station  110  may transmit a PDCCH communication for the RAR. The PDCCH communication may schedule a PDSCH communication that includes the RAR. For example, the PDCCH communication may indicate a resource allocation for the PDSCH communication. Also, as part of the second step of the four-step random access procedure, the base station  110  may transmit the PDSCH communication for the RAR, as scheduled by the PDCCH communication. The RAR may be included in a MAC PDU of the PDSCH communication. 
     As shown by reference number  520 , the UE  120  may transmit an RRC connection request message. The RRC connection request message may be referred to as message 3, msg3, MSG3, or a third message of a four-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RRC connection request may include a UE identifier, UCI, and/or a PUSCH communication (e.g., an RRC connection request). 
     As shown by reference number  525 , the base station  110  may transmit an RRC connection setup message. The RRC connection setup message may be referred to as message 4, msg4, MSG4, or a fourth message of a four-step random access procedure. In some aspects, the RRC connection setup message may include the detected UE identifier, a timing advance value, and/or contention resolution information. As shown by reference number  530 , if the UE  120  successfully receives the RRC connection setup message, the UE  120  may transmit a HARQ ACK. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 5  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to  FIG. 5 . 
     As described above in connection with  FIG. 3 , a non-terrestrial network may refer to a wireless access network to which access is provided via an airborne base station  110  (e.g., a non-terrestrial base station  110 , sometimes referred to as a non-terrestrial access point), such as a base station  110  located on an airborne vehicle or a vehicle in orbit, such as a satellite, and/or a high altitude platform station (e.g., an airborne station, such as a balloon, an aircraft, and/or an unmanned aerial vehicle), among other examples. Such vehicles are less vulnerable to natural disasters than terrestrial base stations  110  located on the ground, and thus non-terrestrial base stations  110  can provide emergency network access. Furthermore, such non-terrestrial base stations  110  may provide wider service coverage than terrestrial base stations  110 . However, non-terrestrial networks present different technical challenges than terrestrial networks. 
     For example, due to the long distance between UEs  120  and non-terrestrial base stations  110 , non-terrestrial networks are typically associated with much longer delays (e.g., longer latencies) than terrestrial networks, such as up to a 600 millisecond round trip delay. Furthermore, because some non-terrestrial base stations  110  (e.g., those located on satellites) are not stationary and may move at a high rate of speed (as compared to terrestrial base stations  110 , which may be stationary), non-terrestrial networks are often subject to large Doppler shifts. Doppler shift may refer to a change in frequency or wavelength of a radio wave due to a relative movement between a transmitter of the radio wave and a receiver of the radio wave. For initial network access (e.g., for a random access procedure, such as the two-step random access procedure and/or the four-step random access procedure described above), a PRACH sequence (also referred to as a PRACH preamble or a PRACH preamble sequence) may be used to differentiate between different UEs  120 , to account for timing delays, and/or to account for Doppler shifts. 
     A UE  120  may initiate a random access procedure by transmitting a PRACH sequence to the base station  110 . In some systems (e.g., non-terrestrial networks or other networks), the UE  120  may track system timing for the network (e.g., using a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) or some other mechanism). Additionally, or alternatively, the UE  120  may estimate a propagation delay between the UE and the base station  110  (e.g., based on information for the base station  110 ). Using the system timing and the estimated propagation delay, the UE may determine a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence to pre-compensate for the propagation delay between the UE  120  and the base station  110 . Accordingly, to transmit a PRACH sequence message in a specific slot (e.g., during resources reserved for the PRACH sequence), the UE  120  may transmit the PRACH sequence message prior to the leading slot boundary, such that, with the propagation delay between the UE  120  and the base station  110 , the PRACH sequence message is received by the base station  110  at or near the beginning of the slot. 
     However, in some cases, the system timing tracked at the UE  120 , the propagation delay estimated at the UE  120 , or both may be slightly inaccurate. In some cases, such inaccuracies may cause the PRACH sequence message to arrive at the base station  110  prior to the leading slot boundary, potentially interfering with communications (e.g., uplink transmissions) performed in the previous slot (referred to herein as a negative delay scenario). In some cases, such inaccuracies may cause the PRACH sequence message to arrive at the base station  110  after a trailing slot boundary, potentially interfering with communications (e.g., uplink transmissions) performed in the next slot (referred to herein as a positive delay scenario). 
     Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable an improved PRACH procedure for networks associated with long delays (e.g., longer latencies or propagation delays) and/or large Doppler shifts, such as a non-terrestrial network. In some aspects, the PRACH procedure may include a UE  120  transmitting a PRACH sequence using antenna switching (e.g., using two or more antennas of the UE  120 ). For example, the base station  110  may transmit, to the UE  120 , an indication of PRACH formats that can be used by the UE  120  (e.g., in a system information message and/or in a random access channel configuration). The PRACH formats may include one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching and one or more PRACH formats that are not associated with antenna switching. For example, some PRACH formats may include one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence. The UE  120  may be enabled to transmit a first PRACH sequence repetition (e.g., a first one or more PRACH sequence repetitions) using a first antenna of the UE  120  and a second PRACH sequence repetition (e.g., a second one or more PRACH sequence repetitions) using a second antenna of the UE  120 . By using antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence, the PRACH sequence message may experience a diversity gain through the use of multiple transmit antennas at the UE  120 . The diversity gain may enable improved channel estimation at the base station  110 . Additionally, the diversity gain may enable the base station  110  to make improved determinations to account for timing delays, and/or to account for Doppler shifts. 
     Some techniques and apparatuses described herein enable the UE  120  and the base station  110  to mitigate the effects of inaccuracies in the system timing and propagation delay estimates. In some aspects, the base station  110  may reserve resources for the network (e.g., a network resource reservation) that are different than the resources reserved for the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence message. For example, in some aspects, the base station  110  may extend the resources reserved for the UE  120  to transmit the PRACH sequence message to account for the inaccuracies in the system timing and propagation delay estimates. The network resource reservation may include all time domain resources reserved for the UE  120  to transmit the PRACH sequence message (e.g., the PRACH sequence time domain resources), time domain resources that occur prior to the PRACH sequence time domain resources, and/or time domain resources that occur after to the PRACH sequence time domain resources. In this way, the base station  110  may account for the inaccuracies in the system timing and propagation delay estimates and reserve network resources to mitigate potential interference caused by the inaccuracies. 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating an example  600  associated with a PRACH procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 6 , example  600  includes communication between a base station  110  and a UE  120 . In some aspects, the base station  110  and the UE  120  may be included in a wireless network, such as wireless network  100 . The base station  110  and the UE  120  may communicate via a wireless access link, which may include an uplink and a downlink. In some aspects, the PRACH procedure may be performed in an NTN, such as an NTN as described above in connection with  FIG. 3  (e.g., the base station  110  may be a satellite or a satellite may include the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the PRACH procedure may include similar steps or operations as the random access procedures described above in connection with  FIGS. 4 and/or 5 . 
     As shown by reference number  605 , the UE  120  may transmit, to the base station  110 , an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE  120 . In some aspects, the UE  120  may transmit the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE  120  after successfully completing a random access procedure with the base station  110  (e.g., after a msgB of a two-step random access procedure or after a msg4 of a four-step random access procedure). In some aspects, the UE  120  may not transmit the antenna switching capability of the UE  120  prior to receiving an antenna switching configuration for the PRACH procedure (e.g., described in more detail below in connection with reference number  610 ). 
     The indication of the antenna switching capability may include an indication of whether the UE  120  supports transmit antenna switching. In some aspects, the antenna switching capability may include an indication of a number of antennas supported by the UE  120  for uplink transmit antenna switching (e.g., 2 antennas. 3 antennas, 4 antennas, 6 antennas, and/or 8 antennas), and/or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE  120 . The antenna switching delay may refer to an amount of time required for the UE  120  to change or modify transmission paths from one antenna of the UE  120  to another UE  120 . For example, while switching antennas, the UE  120  may be unable to transmit communications. The antenna switching delay may refer to the amount of time that the UE  120  is unable to transmit communications due to performing the antenna switching procedure. 
     The base station  110  may use the indication of the antenna switching capability for configuring an MCS for the UE  120 . For example, a higher order MCS may be used for a UE  120  that supports antenna switching compared to a UE  120  that does not support antenna switching. Additionally, or alternatively, the base station  110  may use the indication of the antenna switching capability to determine a channel estimation technique to be used by the base station  110 . As a UE  120  that supports antenna switching may transmit a PRACH sequence using different antennas (e.g., on different channels), certain channel estimation techniques may result in an inaccurate channel estimation. For example, for a UE  120  that uses antenna switching, the base station  110  may be unable to use a DMRS bundling channel estimation technique (e.g., as a DMRS that is transmitted before the antenna switching and a DMRS that is transmitted after the antenna switching may experience different channels and it may be difficult to coherently combine the two DMRSs to estimate the channel). Therefore, the base station  110  may improve an uplink channel estimation by avoiding using channel estimation techniques that result in an inaccurate channel estimation when antenna switching is used by the UE  120 . 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  may use the indication of the antenna switching capability for determining a timing for detecting and/or decoding an uplink transmission (e.g., a PRACH sequence) from the UE  120 . For example, the base station  110  may identify that the UE  120  supports and/or is to use antenna switching for a PRACH sequence message. The base station  110  may determine a timing or location of a fast Fourier transform (FFT) window that is to be used to decode the PRACH sequence message (e.g., to avoid placing the FFT window during a time in which the UE  120  is not transmitting due to performing an antenna switch). 
     As shown by reference number  610 , the base station  110  may transmit, to the UE  120 , an antenna switching configuration. In some aspects, the antenna switching configuration may be included in a system information message associated with the PRACH procedure. For example, the base station  110  may include the antenna switching configuration in system information (e.g., in one or more SIBs) transmitted before an initial message in a random access channel procedure (e.g., before a msgA or a msg1 of a random access channel procedure). In some aspects, the antenna switching configuration may be included in a random access channel configuration. In some aspects, the random access channel configuration (e.g., and/or the antenna switching configuration) may be based at least in part on the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE  120 . 
     The antenna switching configuration may indicate one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. The antenna switching configuration may indicate that the UE  120  is to perform antenna switching when transmitting a PRACH sequence using the one or more PRACH formats. In some aspects, the antenna switching configuration may indicate one or more PRACH formats that are not associated with antenna switching. 
     A PRACH format may indicate a set of PRACH format parameters to be used to determine the PRACH sequence and/or transmission properties for the PRACH sequence. A PRACH format parameter (sometimes referred to as a PRACH parameter) may refer to a parameter that defines a set of permitted PRACH sequences for a random access procedure (e.g., a set of permitted sequences of a PRACH preamble transmitted by the UE  120  in a random access message, such as message 1 (MSG  1 ) of a RACH procedure) and/or a transmission property for the PRACH sequence. The PRACH format parameter may include a PRACH sequence length, a sub-carrier spacing to be used for transmission of the PRACH sequence, a cyclic prefix length for the PRACH sequence, a number of transmission repetitions for the PRACH sequence, and/or a guard period for transmission of the PRACH sequence, among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching may include PRACH formats that include one or more repetitions (e.g., to enable the UE  120  to transmit at least one repetition of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna and at least one repetition of the PRACH sequence using a second antenna). The one or more PRACH formats may include a PRACH format 0, 1, 2, 3, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, and/or C2, among other examples (e.g., as defined, or otherwise fixed, by a wireless communication standard, such as a 3GPP Specification). 
     In some aspects, the antenna switching configuration may indicate that a PRACH format is to be used with antenna switching based at least in part on the indication of the PRACH format. For example, the PRACH format may be X-a, where X indicates the PRACH format (e.g., PRACH format X) and a indicates that the UE  120  is to use antenna switching with the PRACH format. 
     In some aspects, the PRACH format and the indication that the PRACH format is to be used with antenna switching by the UE  120  are indicated by the base station separately. For example, the antenna switching configuration may indicate the PRACH format in a first bit (e.g., a first one or more bits) and may indicate whether the PRACH format is to be used with antenna switching by the UE  120  in a second bit (e.g., a second one or more bits). 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  may indicate whether the PRACH format is to be used with antenna switching by the UE  120  based at least in part on a random access channel occasion associated with the PRACH sequence. For example, the base station  110  may configure the UE  120  with one or more random access channel occasions in which the UE  120  is to perform antenna switching when transmitting a PRACH sequence (e.g., antenna switching random access channel occasions) and/or one or more random access channel occasions in which the UE  120  is not to perform antenna switching when transmitting a PRACH sequence (e.g., normal random access channel occasions or non-antenna switching random access channel occasions). The base station  110  may indicate that the UE  120  is to perform antenna switching when transmitting a PRACH sequence (e.g., using the PRACH format) based at least in part on the random access channel occasion that is to be used for transmitting the PRACH sequence. For example, if the UE  120  is to perform antenna switching, then the UE  120  may transmit the PRACH sequence in an antenna switching random access channel occasion. If the UE  120  is not to perform antenna switching, then the UE  120  may transmit the PRACH sequence in a normal random access channel occasion. 
     As shown by reference number  615 , the UE  120  may identify and/or determine that antenna switching is to be used for a PRACH sequence (e.g., when transmitting the PRACH sequence). For example, the UE  120  may identify that antenna switching is to be used for a PRACH sequence based at least in part on the antenna switching configuration (e.g., based at least in part on a PRACH format or an indication from the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the UE  120  may identify that antenna switching is to be used for a PRACH sequence based at least in part on the antenna switching capability of the UE  120 . For example, if the UE  120  supports antenna switching, then the UE  120  may select a PRACH format and/or a random access channel occasion that is associated with antenna switching. If the UE  120  does not support antenna switching, then the UE  120  may select a PRACH format and/or a random access channel occasion that is not associated with antenna switching. 
     As shown by reference number  620 , the UE  120  may identify the PRACH format to be used for transmitting the PRACH sequence. As described above, the PRACH format may be indicated in a random access channel configuration (e.g., in the antenna switching configuration). In some aspects, the UE  120  may select the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats that are associated with antenna switching (e.g., that are indicated and/or configured by the base station  110 , as described above). Example PRACH formats associated with antenna switching are described in more detail below in connection with  FIG. 7 . 
     As shown by reference number  625 , the UE  120  may transmit, to the base station  110 , the PRACH sequence using antenna switching. For example, the UE  120  may transmit one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna of the UE  120 . At an antenna switch time (e.g., a point in time during the PRACH sequence), the UE  120  may perform an antenna switch procedure to switch an active transmit antenna of the UE  120  from the first antenna to a second antenna. The UE  120  may transmit one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna of the UE  120 . The UE  120  may switch to additional transmit antennas (e.g., a third antenna and/or a fourth antenna) in a similar manner as described above. As described above, the PRACH sequence may be a msgA or a msg1 of a random access channel procedure. 
     The antenna switch time may be a point in time during the overall transmission of the PRACH sequence. The overall transmission of the PRACH sequence includes one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence and a duration of a cyclic prefix associated with the PRACH sequence. In some aspects, the antenna switch time may be a halfway point or a middle of the overall transmission of the PRACH sequence. In some aspects, the antenna switch time may be based at least in part on a number of antennas to be used by the UE  120 . For example, if the UE  120  is to use two antennas, then the antenna switch time may be a halfway point or a middle of the overall transmission of the PRACH sequence. If the UE  120  is to use three antennas, then there may be a first antenna switch time after a first third of the overall transmission of the PRACH sequence and a second antenna switch time after a second third of the overall transmission of the PRACH sequence. 
     In some aspects, the antenna switch time may be a point in during a last repetition to be transmitted using a first antenna of the UE  120 . In other words, the UE  120  may perform the antenna switch procedure (e.g., at the antenna switch time) prior to a start of a first repetition that is to be transmitted using a second antenna of the UE  120 . In this way, the UE  120  may ensure that the transmission using the second antenna includes circular signal structure, such that the first N data samples and last N data samples of the transmission are identical (e.g., similar to a cyclic prefix). For example, the cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence may be obtained by prepending a copy of the last N data samples from the end of the PRACH sequence to the beginning of the PRACH sequence. In this way, the symbol structure may result in a circular signal structure, such that the first N data samples and last N data samples of the symbol are identical. A cyclic prefix may be used for a communication to avoid inter-symbol interference (ISI) between adjacent symbols in multipath channel environments. 
     By performing the antenna switch procedure (e.g., at the antenna switch time) prior to a start of a first repetition that is to be transmitted using a second antenna of the UE  120 , the UE  120  may ensure that some data symbols of the last repetition to be transmitted using a first antenna of the UE  120  are actually transmitted using the second antenna. As the repetitions are identical copies, the data symbols of the last repetition to be transmitted using a first antenna of the UE  120  are identical to the corresponding data symbols of the first repetition that is to be transmitted using a second antenna. As a result, the data symbols of the first repetition that are transmitted using the second antenna may create a virtual cyclic prefix for the transmission using the second antenna. Therefore, the transmission using the second antenna can include a circular signal structure, and the benefits of the cyclic prefix can be achieved for the transmission using the second antenna. 
     Moreover, as different UEs  120  transmitting to the base station  110  may have different propagation delays (e.g., causing transmission to arrive at the base station  110  at different times as described in more detail below in connection with  FIGS. 8 and/or 9 ), the base station  110  may still be enabled to receive a full sequence correlation using the cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence. For example, the base station  110  may place or locate an FFT window of the PRACH sequence within the cyclic prefix (e.g., and ending at or near the antenna switch time) to enable the base station  110  to receive the PRACH sequence and receive other transmissions that may arrive at slightly different times, using the built-in buffer of the cyclic prefix. Additionally, the amount of time required for the UE  120  to perform the antenna switch procedure is typically small (e.g., less than 10 microseconds). This amount of time can be absorbed in the part of the PRACH sequence repetition that occurs after antenna switch procedure has been performed (e.g., in the virtual cyclic prefix). As a result, communication performance between the UE  120  and the base station  110  is not degraded due to the UE  120  performing the antenna switch procedure during the PRACH sequence repetition. 
     The UE  120  may identify the antenna switch time based at least in part on a configuration (e.g., from the base station  110 ). For example, the UE  120  may receive, from the base station, an indication of the antenna switch time (e.g., that is associated with or based at least in part on a PRACH format). In some aspects, the UE  120  may identify the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration or a pre-configuration. For example, the antenna switch time may be defined or otherwise fixed (e.g., for a PRACH format) by a wireless communication standard, such as a 3GPP Specification. 
     As shown by reference number  630 , the UE  120  and the base station  110  may communicate to perform and/or complete a random access channel procedure based at least in part on the UE  120  transmitting the PRACH sequence. For example, the UE  120  and the base station  110  may communicate to perform and/or complete a two-step random access procedure (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 4 ) and/or a four-step random access channel procedure (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 5 ). By using antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence, the PRACH sequence message may experience a diversity gain through the use of multiple transmit antennas at the UE  120 . The diversity gain may enable improved channel estimation at the base station  110  during the random access channel procedure. Additionally, the diversity gain may enable the base station  110  to make improved determinations to account for timing delays and/or to account for Doppler shifts during the random access channel procedure. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 6  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating examples  700  and  705  associated with a PRACH procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 7 , examples  700  and  705  illustrate example PRACH formats using antenna switching by a UE  120  when transmitting a PRACH sequence (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 6 ). 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , and example  700 , a first PRACH format with antenna switching is depicted. The first PRACH format may be a PRACH format 2 (e.g., as defined by wireless communication standards). The PRACH format 2 may include a cyclic prefix (CP) and four PRACH sequence repetitions. As shown by reference number  710 , the UE  120  may identify an antenna switch time associated with the PRACH format 2. As described above in connection with  FIG. 6 , the antenna switch time may be based at least in part upon an overall duration of the PRACH sequence (e.g., that includes the duration of the cyclic prefix and the duration of the four PRACH sequence repetitions). The antenna switch time may be defined according to the end of the second PRACH sequence, the start of the second PRACH sequence, and/or the start of the PRACH sequence transmission (e.g., the start of the cyclic prefix or the start of the first PRACH repetition), among other examples. 
     In some aspects, an amount of time between the antenna switch time and the end of the PRACH sequence repetition that includes the antenna switch time (e.g., the second PRACH sequence repetition as shown in example  700 ) may be based at least in part on a duration of the cyclic prefix. For example, the amount of time between the antenna switch time and the end of the PRACH sequence repetition may be a factor (e.g., between 0 and 1) of the duration of the cyclic prefix (e.g., may be 0.5 times the duration of the cyclic prefix, 0.25 times the duration of the cyclic prefix, and/or 0.75 times the duration of the cyclic prefix). As discussed above, the antenna switch time may be configured (e.g., by a base station  110 ) and/or defined, or otherwise fixed, by a wireless communication standard, such as a 3GPP Specification. 
     When transmitting the PRACH sequence, the UE  120  may transmit the cyclic prefix, the first PRACH sequence repetition, and the second PRACH sequence repetition up until the antenna switch time. At the antenna switch time, the UE  120  may perform an antenna switch procedure to switch an active transmit antenna of the UE  120  from the first antenna to a second antenna. As shown by reference number  715 , while performing the antenna switch procedure, there may be a gap in the transmission by the UE  120 . The UE  120  may transmit the portion of the second PRACH sequence after the end of the gap using the second antenna. Additionally, the UE  120  may transmit the third PRACH sequence and the fourth PRACH sequence using the second antenna. This enables the transmission using the second antenna to maintain a circular signal structure (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 6 ). Additionally, the gap shown by reference number  715  can be absorbed in the duration of the cyclic prefix, enabling the base station  110  to obtain a full sequence repetition for each repetition. For example, the base station  110  can obtain data samples from the cyclic prefix that correspond to the data samples that were not transmitted during the gap. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , and example  705 , a second PRACH format with antenna switching is depicted. As shown in example  705 , and by reference number  720 , the second PRACH format may include one or more repetition groups. A repetition group may include a cyclic prefix and one or more PRACH sequence repetitions (e.g., the example  705  depicts repetition groups that include two PRACH sequence repetitions each). As shown by reference number  725 , one or more antenna switch times may be defined or configured for the second PRACH format. An antenna switch time may be set at the end of a repetition group. As shown by reference number  730 , the second PRACH format may include a time gap between each repetition group. The time gap may be used by the UE  120  to perform an antenna switch procedure (e.g., the UE  120  may perform the antenna switch procedure during the time gap). In some aspects, the amount of time associated with each time gap may be indicated or configured with the PRACH format (e.g., by a base station  110  and/or defined by a wireless communication standard). In some aspects, as shown by reference number  735 , a starting time for each repetition group (e.g., in addition to, or rather than, the amount of time associated with each time gap) may be indicated or configured with the PRACH format (e.g., by a base station  110  and/or defined by a wireless communication standard). 
     When transmitting the PRACH sequence, the UE  120  may transmit the first repetition group using a first antenna of the UE  120 . At a first antenna switch time (e.g., at the end of the first repetition group), the UE  120  may perform an antenna switch procedure to switch an active transmit antenna of the UE  120  from the first antenna to a second antenna. After the amount of time associated with the time gap, or at the starting time of the second repetition group, the UE  120  may transmit the second repetition group using the second antenna. At a second antenna switch time (e.g., at the end of the second repetition group), the UE  120  may perform an antenna switch procedure to switch an active transmit antenna of the UE  120  from the second antenna to a third antenna (or back to the first antenna). After the amount of time associated with the time gap, or at the starting time of the third repetition group, the UE  120  may transmit the third repetition group using the third antenna (or the first antenna). By including the time gaps in the PRACH format, gaps associated with the antenna switch procedure (e.g., where the UE  120  is unable to transmit) that are large (e.g., that are non-negligible compared to the duration of the cyclic prefix) can be absorbed by the time gaps. Additionally, the second PRACH format conserves network resources and/or time that would have otherwise been used to detect a random access failure due to performing the antenna switch procedure during a PRACH sequence repetition. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 7  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to  FIG. 7 . 
       FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating an example  800  associated with a PRACH procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 8 , example  800  includes communication between a base station  110  and a UE  120 . In some aspects, the base station  110  and the UE  120  may be included in a wireless network, such as wireless network  100 . The base station  110  and the UE  120  may communicate via a wireless access link, which may include an uplink and a downlink. In some aspects, the PRACH procedure may be performed in an NTN, such as an NTN as described above in connection with  FIG. 3  (e.g., the base station  110  may be a satellite or a satellite may include the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the PRACH procedure may include similar steps or operations as the random access procedures described above in connection with  FIGS. 4 and/or 5 . 
     As shown by reference number  805 , the base station  110  may determine resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence (e.g., a PRACH preamble). For example, the resources may be a random access channel occasion, a transmission time interval (TTI), and/or a slot, among other examples. For example, the base station  110  may determine a set of random access channel occasions (e.g., symbols, slots, and/or frequency resources) that are available for the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence (e.g., to initiate a random access channel procedure with the base station  110 ). 
     As shown by reference number  810 , the base station  110  may determine a network resource reservation to be used by the base station  110  to receive the PRACH sequence from the UE  120 . The network resource reservation may include the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence and additional resources to account for inaccuracies in a timing of the UE  120 . For example, as described above, the UE  120  may estimate a propagation delay between the UE  120  and the base station  110  for the PRACH sequence transmission and may determine a transmission timing (e.g., a transmission time) to account for the estimated propagation delay (e.g., using a GNSS). However, in some cases, the estimated propagation delay may be inaccurate, causing the PRACH sequence to arrive at the base station  110  before a slot boundary (e.g., potentially interfering with other transmissions received by the base station  110  in the previous slot) or after a slot boundary (e.g., potentially interfering with other transmissions received by the base station  110  in the next slot). 
     To account for potential inaccuracies in the propagation delay estimation, the base station  110  may reserve time domain resources in the previous slot (e.g., that occur prior to the time domain resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence), in the next slot (e.g., that occur after the time domain resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence), or both. In this way, if a PRACH sequence is transmitted by the UE  120  with an inaccurate propagation delay estimate (e.g., that arrives at the base station  110  in a previous slot or a next slot than the intended slot), the base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence using the network resource reservation that extends into the previous slot and/or the next slot. This may reduce a risk of interference caused by the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE  120  with an inaccurate propagation delay estimate. 
     The base station  110  may determine an amount of resources to reserve for the base station  110  (e.g., outside of the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence) based at least in part on a timing accuracy of the UE  120 . For example, a timing accuracy of the UE  120  may be determined by the base station  110  (e.g., based on prior communications with the UE  120 ) and/or may be configured at the base station  110 . The amount of resources to reserve for the base station  110  (e.g., outside of the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence) may account for the timing accuracy of the UE  120 . In some aspects, the amount of resources to reserve for the base station  110  (e.g., outside of the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence) may be based at least in part on a cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence. For example, the amount of resources to reserve for the base station  110  (e.g., outside of the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence) may be a portion or a factor of the cyclic prefix duration. The network resource reservation is depicted and described in more detail below in connection with  FIG. 9 . 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  may determine a timing offset value to be used by the UE  120 . The timing offset value may be an amount of time that the UE  120  is to delay a transmission of the PRACH sequence to account for potential inaccuracies in the propagation delay estimation. In some aspects, the timing offset value may be determined by the UE  120  (e.g., autonomously without signaling and/or configuration from the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the timing offset value may be included in broadcast signaling, such as a system information message (e.g., a SIB, such as SIB1). By using broadcast signaling, the base station  110   a  may indicate the timing offset value as a system-wide parameter. In some aspects, the base station  110  may update the timing offset value and may retransmit the updated timing offset value in a system information message. Additionally, or alternatively, the base station  110  may determine the timing offset value based on a timing accuracy of one or more UEs  120 . 
     In some aspects, the timing offset value may be pre-configured at the UE  120 . In some aspects, all UEs  120  in the wireless communications system may be pre-configured with a same timing offset value. In some aspects, different UEs  120  may have different timing offset values. For example, the timing offset value for a specific UE  120  may be configured based on a timing accuracy of the UE  120 . 
     In some aspects, the timing offset value may be based at least in part on the cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence. For example, the timing offset value may be a portion or a factor of the cyclic prefix duration. In some aspects, the timing offset value may be half of the cyclic prefix duration and/or a quarter of the cyclic prefix duration, among other examples. 
     As shown by reference number  815 , the base station  110  may transmit, to the UE  120 , a random access channel (RACH) configuration and/or a system information message. The base station  110  may indicate, to the UE  120 , the resources to be used by (or that are available for) the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence. For example, the base station  110  may configure one or more random access channel occasions or slots that are available for the UE  120  to transmit a PRACH sequence. In some aspects, the base station  110  may not indicate the network resource reservation (e.g., the extended resources reserved by the base station  110 ). For example, the base station  110  may reserve the extended resources for the base station  110  in a transparent manner to the UE  120 . In some aspects, the base station  110  may indicate the network resource reservation (e.g., the extended resources reserved by the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the base station  110  may indicate the timing offset value to be used by the base station  110  for determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence. 
     As shown by reference number  820 , the UE  120  may identify and/or determine a transmission timing for a PRACH sequence. For example, the UE  120  may identify and/or select a resource allocation (e.g., a random access channel occasion or a slot) to be used for transmitting the PRACH sequence. The UE  120  may be equipped with a GNSS and may estimate a slot boundary of the resource allocation using a system timing obtained from the GNSS. Additionally, the UE  120  may estimate a propagation delay between the UE  120  and the base station  110 . For example, because the UE  120  may not yet be connected to the base station  110 , the UE  120  may not have a timing advance (TA) value to apply to compensate for the actual propagation delay (e.g., based on closed-loop timing control between the base station  110  and the UE  120 ). Instead, the UE  120  may implement open-loop timing control using one or more techniques to estimate the propagation delay (e.g., without feedback from the base station  110 ). In some aspects, the UE  120  may use satellite ephemeris information from the base station  110  (e.g., a satellite in an NTN) to estimate the propagation delay. The UE  120  may use the estimated propagation delay to determine an initial transmission timing for the PRACH sequence. For example, the UE  120  may subtract the estimated propagation delay from the timing of a leading boundary of the slot to obtain the initial transmission timing. 
     If the estimated propagation delay is accurate (e.g., a zero delay scenario), the base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence at the slot boundary (e.g., in the intended resource allocation). However, if the estimated propagation delay, the slot boundary determined from the system timing, or both are inaccurate, and the UE  120  transmits the RACH preamble at that time, the base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence either before or after the slot boundary. However, as the base station  110  may have reserved extended resources, as explained above, the base station  110  may be enabled to receive the PRACH sequence either before or after the slot boundary. 
     In some aspects, the base station  110  may further determine the transmission timing based at least in part on the timing offset value. For example, as described above, the UE  120  may determine a first transmission timing by subtracting the estimated propagation delay from the timing of a leading boundary of the slot. The UE  120  may delay or back off the first transmission timing by the timing offset value. For example, the UE  120  may add the timing offset value to the first transmission timing to obtain a second transmission timing. Therefore, the UE  120  may determine the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence by determining a first timing value corresponding to a slot boundary, subtracting from the first timing value the propagation delay (e.g., advancing timing by the estimated propagation delay value), and adding the timing offset (e.g., backing off by the timing offset value). 
     In some aspects, the UE  120  (and/or the base station  110 ) may modify the PRACH format of the PRACH sequence prior to transmitting the PRACH sequence. The UE  120  may modify a cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH format. For example, the UE  120  may identify a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence. The UE  120  may modify (e.g., reduce) the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration. For example, the second cyclic prefix duration may be half of the first cyclic prefix duration and/or a quarter of the first cyclic prefix duration, among other examples. The duration of the second cyclic prefix duration may be signaled by the network to the UE, or determined by the UE  120  (e.g., autonomously without signaling or configuration by the base station  110 ) based at least in part on the error in estimating the propagation delay. The timing offset value may be based at least in part on the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the second cyclic prefix duration). For example, the timing offset value may be a portion or a factor of the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the second cyclic prefix duration). By modifying the cyclic prefix duration, the base station  110  is enabled to reduce the network resource reservation for the PRACH sequence, thereby conserving network resources. For example, as the timing offset value may be based at least in part on the modified (e.g., reduced) cyclic prefix duration, the base station  110  may be enabled to reserve fewer resources as an amount of time that the transmission of the PRACH sequence may be delayed by the UE  120  is reduced. The UE  120  may transmit the PRACH sequence using the modified (e.g., reduced) cyclic prefix duration, as described in more detail below. 
     As shown by reference number  825 , the UE  120  may transmit, at the transmission timing determined as described above, the PRACH sequence to the base station  110 . As described above, the PRACH sequence may be, or may be included in, a msgA or a msg1 of a random access channel procedure. The base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence using the network resource reservation (e.g., the extended resources reserved by the base station  110 ). 
     As shown by reference number  830 , the UE  120  and the base station  110  may communicate to perform and/or complete a random access channel procedure based at least in part on the UE  120  transmitting the PRACH sequence. For example, the UE  120  and the base station  110  may communicate to perform and/or complete a two-step random access procedure (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 4 ) and/or a four-step random access channel procedure (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 5 ). As a result, the base station  110  is enabled to account for potential inaccuracies in the propagation delay estimation, the system timing estimation, or both, at the UE  120  by extending the resources reserved for receiving PRACH sequence. Additionally, or alternatively, by backing off the transmission timing according to the timing offset value, the UE  120  may ensure that the PRACH sequence is received at the base station  110  at or after the slot boundary, avoiding potential interference to communications in the previous slot. Additionally, by extending the PRACH sequence time domain resources reservation for the network, the base station  110  may ensure that the PRACH sequence does not interfere with communication in a subsequent slot (or the previous slot). 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 8  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to  FIG. 8 . 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating examples  900 ,  905 , and  910  associated with a PRACH procedure, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 9 , examples  900 ,  905 , and  910  illustrate example time domain resource reservations to account for potential inaccuracies in the propagation delay estimation, the system timing estimation, or both, at a UE  120  (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 8 ). 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , and by example  900 , a base station  110  may determine a network resource reservation for a PRACH sequence. As shown by reference number  915 , the network resource reservation may include time domain resource to be used by (or available to) a UE  120  for a PRACH preamble (e.g., the PRACH sequence resource reservation). As shown in example  900 , the network resource reservation may include time domain resources that occur prior to the PRACH sequence resource reservation (e.g., to account for negative delay scenarios) and time domain resources that occur after the PRACH sequence resource reservation (e.g., to account for positive delay scenarios). For example, the network resource reservation may include time domain resources in a previous slot to the slot reserved for the PRACH sequence and time domain resources in a next slot after the slot reserved for the PRACH sequence. The amount of resources reserved outside of the PRACH sequence resource reservation may be based at least in part on a timing accuracy of the UE  120 , a maximum possible timing inaccuracy of the UE  120 , and/or a cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence, among other examples. 
     This enables the base station  110  to account for negative delay scenarios and positive delay scenarios (e.g., inaccuracies in the propagation delay estimation, the system timing estimation, or both, at a UE  120 ). Example  900  depicts a scenario in which the UE  120  may not use a timing offset value when determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence (e.g., in which the UE  120  does not back off or delay the transmission of the PRACH sequence). 
     As shown by reference number  920 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is accurate (e.g., a zero delay scenario), the base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence at the slot boundary (e.g., in the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot). As shown by reference number  925 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is not accurate, the PRACH sequence may arrive at the base station  110  prior to the leading slot boundary of the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot (e.g., a negative delay scenario). However, as the network resource reservation includes time domain resources in the slot prior to the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence, the base station  110  may successfully receive the PRACH sequence (e.g., using the network resource reservation) while also avoiding potential interference with communications received during the slot prior to the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence. As shown by reference number  930 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is not accurate, the PRACH sequence may arrive at the base station  110  after the trailing slot boundary of the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot (e.g., a positive delay scenario). However, as the network resource reservation includes time domain resources in the slot after the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence, the base station  110  may successfully receive the PRACH sequence (e.g., using the network resource reservation) while also avoiding potential interference with communications received during the slot after the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence. 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , and example  905 , a base station  110  may determine a network resource reservation for a PRACH sequence. As shown by reference number  935 , the network resource reservation may include time domain resource to be used by (or available to) a UE  120  for a PRACH preamble (e.g., the PRACH sequence resource reservation). As shown in example  905 , the network resource reservation may only include the PRACH sequence resource reservation and time domain resources that occur after the PRACH sequence resource reservation (e.g., and not time domain resources that occur prior to the PRACH sequence resource reservation). This enables the base station  110  to reserve resource in only one additional slot (e.g., rather than two). To account for negative delay scenarios, the base station  110  may configure the UE  120  to use a timing offset value when determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence (e.g., as described above in connection with  FIG. 8 ). As described above, the timing offset value may be based at least in part on a cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence or a modified (e.g., reduced) cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence (e.g., as described below in more detail). In some aspects, without a timing offset value signaled by the base station  110 , the UE  120  may determine (e.g., autonomously without signaling and/or or configuration by the base station  110 ) a timing offset value based in part on the error in estimating the propagation delay. 
     As shown by reference number  940 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is accurate (e.g., a zero delay scenario), the base station  110  may receive the PRACH sequence after the trailing slot boundary of the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot due to the delay in transmission that is based at least in part on the timing offset value. However, as the network resource reservation includes time domain resources in the slot after the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence, the base station  110  may successfully receive the PRACH sequence (e.g., using the network resource reservation) while also avoiding potential interference with communications received during the slot after the reserved slot for the PRACH sequence. As shown by reference number  945 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is not accurate, the PRACH sequence may arrive at the base station  110  at or near the slot boundary (e.g., in the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot) due to the delay in transmission that is based at least in part on the timing offset value (e.g., a negative delay scenario). Example  905  depicts a negative delay scenario in which the PRACH sequence arrives at the base station  110  at the slot boundary. In other negative delay scenarios, the PRACH sequence may arrive at the base station  110  after the after the trailing slot boundary of the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot due to the delay in transmission. However, the base station  110  may account for this using the extended network resource reservation, as described above. 
     As shown by reference number  950 , if the estimated propagation delay by the UE  120  is not accurate, the PRACH sequence may arrive at the base station  110  after the trailing slot boundary of the intended resource allocation or the reserved slot (e.g., and later than the zero delay scenario). However, the base station  110  may account for this using the extended network resource reservation, as described above. As a result, the base station  110  may account for negative delay scenarios and/or positive delay scenarios using the techniques and resource allocations/reservations described above in connection with example  900  and/or  905 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , and example  910 , the UE  120  and/or the base station  110  may account for negative delay scenarios and/or positive delay scenarios by modifying a cyclic prefix duration of a PRACH sequence. For example, as described above in connection with  FIG. 8 , the UE  120  (and/or the base station  110 ) may modify a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence prior to transmitting the PRACH sequence by modifying the cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH format. In some aspects, the UE  120  may reduce the cyclic prefix duration by a factor. For example, as shown in  FIG. 9 , the cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence in example  910  may be less than the cyclic prefix duration of the PRACH sequence in example  900  and/or example  905 . The UE  120  may autonomously modify the cyclic prefix duration. Alternatively, the base station  110  may indicate the modified cyclic prefix duration to the UE  120 . 
     The UE  120  may determine a timing offset value that may be based at least in part on the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the second cyclic prefix duration). For example, the timing offset value may be a portion or a factor of the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the second cyclic prefix duration). In some aspects, the timing offset value may be (1−f)/2*T, where T is the cyclic prefix duration, f is between 0 and 1, and f*T is the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the second cyclic prefix duration). In some aspects, the value of f may be one half (e.g., 0.5). In some aspects, the UE  120  may autonomously (e.g., without signaling and/or configuration from the base station  110 ) determine the modified cyclic prefix duration and timing offset value. In some aspects, the base station  110  may indicate the modified cyclic prefix duration and/or the timing offset value. For example, the base station  110  may indicate that the timing offset value is a portion or factor of the cyclic prefix duration (e.g., the base station  110  may indicate that the timing offset value is to be half of the cyclic prefix duration). The UE  120  may autonomously modify the cyclic prefix duration and determine the timing offset value based at least in part on the indicated portion or factor of the modified cyclic prefix duration (e.g., half of the modified cyclic prefix duration). The base station  110  may reserve the network resource reservation in a similar manner as described above in connection with example  900  and/or example  905 . 
     By modifying the cyclic prefix duration, the base station  110  is enabled to reduce the network resource reservation for the PRACH sequence, thereby conserving network resources. For example, as the timing offset value may be based at least in part on the modified (e.g., reduced) cyclic prefix duration, the base station  110  may be enabled to reserve fewer resources as an amount of time that the transmission of the PRACH sequence may be delayed by the UE  120  is reduced. As a result, the UE  120  and/or the base station  110  are enabled to account for zero delay scenarios (e.g., as shown by reference number  955 ), negative delay scenarios (e.g., as shown by reference number  960 ), and/or positive delay scenarios (e.g., as shown by reference number  965 ) in a similar manner as described above. 
     As indicated above,  FIG. 9  is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to  FIG. 9 . 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating an example process  1000  performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process  1000  is an example where the UE (e.g., UE  120 ) performs operations associated with a PRACH procedure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , in some aspects, process  1000  may include receiving, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching (block  1010 ). For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component  1402 , depicted in  FIG. 14 ) may receive, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 10 , in some aspects, process  1000  may include transmitting, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching (block  1020 ). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component  1404 , depicted in  FIG. 14 ) may transmit, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching, as described above. 
     Process  1000  may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein. 
     In a first aspect, the base station is included in a non-terrestrial network. 
     In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process  1000  includes transmitting, to the base station, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In a third aspect, alone or in combination with the second aspect, transmitting the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises transmitting an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. 
     In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the second through third aspects, transmitting the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises transmitting an indication of at least one of a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna, performing, at an antenna switch time, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna, and transmitting a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with the fifth aspect, the antenna switch time is included in a duration of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions. 
     In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through sixth aspects, the antenna switch time is based at least in part on a duration of the PRACH sequence, wherein the duration of the PRACH sequence includes a duration of each repetition associated with the PRACH sequence and a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through seventh aspects, the antenna switch time occurs an amount of time prior to the end of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions, wherein the amount of time is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through eighth aspects, process  1000  includes identifying the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration. 
     In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through eighth aspects, receiving the random access channel configuration comprises receiving an indication of the antenna switch time. 
     In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, receiving the random access channel configuration comprises receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, receiving the random access channel configuration comprises receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, and receiving an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, process  1000  includes receiving an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the thirteenth aspect, receiving the random access channel configuration comprises receiving an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence, and determining whether to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, receiving the random access channel configuration comprises receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the fifteenth aspect, a repetition group includes one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence. 
     In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifteenth through sixteenth aspects, each repetition group of the one or more repetition groups include a cyclic prefix. 
     In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifteenth through seventeenth aspects, receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises receiving an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifteenth through eighteenth aspects, receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises receiving an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifteenth through eighteenth aspects, receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises receiving an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifteenth through twentieth aspects, transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna, performing, after transmitting the first repetition group, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna, and transmitting a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     Although  FIG. 10  shows example blocks of process  1000 , in some aspects, process  1000  may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in  FIG. 10 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process  1000  may be performed in parallel. 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram illustrating an example process  1100  performed, for example, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process  1100  is an example where the base station (e.g., base station  110  and/or a satellite that includes base station  110 ) performs operations associated with a PRACH procedure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process  1100  may include transmitting, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching (block  1110 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmission component  1504 , depicted in  FIG. 15 ) may transmit, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 11 , in some aspects, process  1100  may include receiving, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching (block  1120 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using reception component  1502 , depicted in  FIG. 15 ) may receive, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching, as described above. 
     Process  1100  may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein. 
     In a first aspect, the base station is included in a non-terrestrial network. 
     In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, process  1100  includes receiving, from the UE, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In a third aspect, alone or in combination with the second aspect, receiving the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises receiving an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. 
     In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the second through third aspects, receiving the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises receiving an indication of at least one of a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, receiving the PRACH sequence comprises receiving a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE, and receiving a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with the fifth aspect, a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna is included in a duration of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions. 
     In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through sixth aspects, a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna is based at least in part on a duration of the PRACH sequence, wherein the duration of the PRACH sequence includes a duration of each repetition associated with the PRACH sequence and a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through seventh aspects, a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna occurs an amount of time prior to the end of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions, wherein the amount of time is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fifth through eighth aspects, transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises transmitting an indication of a time that the UE is to perform an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna. 
     In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, and transmitting an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, process  1100  includes transmitting, to the UE, an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the twelfth aspect, transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises transmitting an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence, wherein an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching is based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with the fourteenth aspect, a repetition group includes one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence. 
     In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth through fifteenth aspects, each repetition group of the one or more repetition groups include a cyclic prefix. 
     In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth through sixteenth aspects, transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises transmitting an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth through seventeenth aspects, transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises transmitting an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth through seventeenth aspects, transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises transmitting an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the fourteenth through nineteenth aspects, receiving the PRACH sequence comprises receiving a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE, and receiving a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     Although  FIG. 11  shows example blocks of process  1100 , in some aspects, process  1100  may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in  FIG. 11 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process  1100  may be performed in parallel. 
       FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating an example process  1200  performed, for example, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process  1200  is an example where the UE (e.g., UE  120 ) performs operations associated with a PRACH procedure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process  1200  may include receiving, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence (block  1210 ). For example, the UE (e.g., using reception component  1602 , depicted in  FIG. 16 ) may receive, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process  1200  may include determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station (block  1220 ). For example, the UE (e.g., using determination component  1608 , depicted in  FIG. 16 ) may determine a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 12 , in some aspects, process  1200  may include transmitting, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing (block  1230 ). For example, the UE (e.g., using transmission component  1604 , depicted in  FIG. 16 ) may transmit, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing, as described above. 
     Process  1200  may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein. 
     In a first aspect, the resources reserved by the base station include time domain resources that occur prior to time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence and include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. 
     In a second aspect, the resources reserved by the base station include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. 
     In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, process  1200  includes receiving an indication of a timing offset value, wherein determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with the third aspect, the timing offset value is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence. 
     In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, process  1200  includes identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence, and modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration, wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting the PRACH sequence with a cyclic prefix having the second cyclic prefix duration. 
     In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with the fifth aspect, process  1200  includes identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration, wherein determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises determining a first timing value that is based on the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence, subtracting, from the first timing value, the estimated propagation delay to obtain a second timing value, and adding, to the second timing value, a timing offset value to obtain a third timing value. 
     In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with the seventh aspect, transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting the PRACH sequence at the third timing value. 
     Although  FIG. 12  shows example blocks of process  1200 , in some aspects, process  1200  may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in  FIG. 12 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process  1200  may be performed in parallel. 
       FIG. 13  is a diagram illustrating an example process  1300  performed, for example, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. Example process  1300  is an example where the base station (e.g., base station  110  and/or a satellite that includes base station  110 ) performs operations associated with a PRACH procedure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process  1300  may include determining a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE (block  1310 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using determination component  1708 , depicted in  FIG. 17 ) may determine a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process  1300  may include determining a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain (block  1320 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using determination component  1708 , depicted in  FIG. 17 ) may determine a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process  1300  may include transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence (block  1330 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmission component  1704 , depicted in  FIG. 17 ) may transmit, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence, as described above. 
     As further shown in  FIG. 13 , in some aspects, process  1300  may include receiving, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources (block  1340 ). For example, the base station (e.g., using reception component  1702 , depicted in  FIG. 17 ) may receive, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources, as described above. 
     Process  1300  may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein. 
     In a first aspect, determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises determining that the second set of resources is to include time domain resources that occur prior to time domain resources of the first set of resources, and time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     In a second aspect, determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises determining that the second set of resources is to include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises determining that the second set of resources is to include additional time domain resources than time domain resources of the first set of resources, wherein an amount of the additional time domain resources is based at least in part on at least one of a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence, a negative propagation delay estimated by the UE, or a positive propagation delay estimated by the UE. 
     In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, process  1300  includes transmitting an indication of a timing offset value to be used by the UE for a transmission timing of the PRACH sequence. 
     In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with the fourth aspect, the timing offset value is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence. 
     In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, process  1300  includes identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence, modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration, and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the second cyclic prefix duration to be used by the UE for the PRACH sequence. 
     In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with the sixth aspect, process  1300  includes identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration, and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the timing offset value. 
     Although  FIG. 13  shows example blocks of process  1300 , in some aspects, process  1300  may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in  FIG. 13 . Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process  1300  may be performed in parallel. 
       FIG. 14  is a block diagram of an example apparatus  1400  for wireless communication. The apparatus  1400  may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus  1400 . In some aspects, the apparatus  1400  includes a reception component  1402  and a transmission component  1404 , which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus  1400  may communicate with another apparatus  1406  (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component  1402  and the transmission component  1404 . As further shown, the apparatus  1400  may include an antenna switch component  1408 , among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the apparatus  1400  may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with  FIGS. 6, 7, 8 , and/or  9 . Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus  1400  may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process  1000  of  FIG. 10 , or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus  1400  and/or one or more components shown in  FIG. 14  may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in  FIG. 14  may be implemented within one or more components described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component. 
     The reception component  1402  may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus  1406 . The reception component  1402  may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus  1400 . In some aspects, the reception component  1402  may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus  1406 . In some aspects, the reception component  1402  may include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . 
     The transmission component  1404  may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus  1406 . In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus  1406  may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component  1404  for transmission to the apparatus  1406 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1404  may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus  1406 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1404  may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1404  may be co-located with the reception component  1402  in a transceiver. 
     The reception component  1402  may receive, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. The transmission component  1404  may transmit, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     The transmission component  1404  may transmit, to the base station, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     The transmission component  1404  may transmit a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna. The antenna switch component  1408  may perform, at an antenna switch time, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna. The transmission component  1404  may transmit a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. The antenna switch component  1408  may identify the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration. The reception component  1402  may receive an indication of the antenna switch time 
     The reception component  1402  may receive an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     The reception component  1402  may receive an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     The reception component  1402  may receive an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. The reception component  1402  may receive an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     The reception component  1402  may receive an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     The transmission component  1404  may transmit a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna. The antenna switch component  1408  may perform, after transmitting the first repetition group, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna. The transmission component  1404  may transmit a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     The number and arrangement of components shown in  FIG. 14  are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in  FIG. 14 . Furthermore, two or more components shown in  FIG. 14  may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in  FIG. 14  may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in  FIG. 14  may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in  FIG. 14 . 
       FIG. 15  is a block diagram of an example apparatus  1500  for wireless communication. The apparatus  1500  may be a base station, or a base station may include the apparatus  1500 . In some aspects, the apparatus  1500  includes a reception component  1502  and a transmission component  1504 , which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus  1500  may communicate with another apparatus  1506  (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component  1502  and the transmission component  1504 . As further shown, the apparatus  1500  may include a determination component  1508 , among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the apparatus  1500  may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with  FIGS. 6, 7, 8 , and/or  9 . Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus  1500  may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process  1100  of  FIG. 11 , or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus  1500  and/or one or more components shown in  FIG. 15  may include one or more components of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in  FIG. 15  may be implemented within one or more components described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component. 
     The reception component  1502  may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus  1506 . The reception component  1502  may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus  1500 . In some aspects, the reception component  1502  may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus  1506 . In some aspects, the reception component  1502  may include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus  1506 . In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus  1506  may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component  1504  for transmission to the apparatus  1506 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1504  may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus  1506 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1504  may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1504  may be co-located with the reception component  1502  in a transceiver. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit, to a UE, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. The reception component  1502  may receive, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. The determination component  1508  may determine the random access channel configuration. 
     The reception component  1502  may receive, from the UE, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     The reception component  1502  may receive a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE. The reception component  1502  may receive a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of a time that the UE is to perform an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats. The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit, to the UE, an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence. The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. The transmission component  1504  may transmit an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     The reception component  1502  may receive a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE. The reception component  1502  may receive a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     The number and arrangement of components shown in  FIG. 15  are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in  FIG. 15 . Furthermore, two or more components shown in  FIG. 15  may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in  FIG. 15  may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in  FIG. 15  may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in  FIG. 15 . 
       FIG. 16  is a block diagram of an example apparatus  1600  for wireless communication. The apparatus  1600  may be a UE, or a UE may include the apparatus  1600 . In some aspects, the apparatus  1600  includes a reception component  1602  and a transmission component  1604 , which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus  1600  may communicate with another apparatus  1606  (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component  1602  and the transmission component  1604 . As further shown, the apparatus  1600  may include a determination component  1608 , among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the apparatus  1600  may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with  FIGS. 6, 7, 8 , and/or  9 . Additionally. or alternatively, the apparatus  1600  may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process  1300  of  FIG. 13 , or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus  1600  and/or one or more components shown in  FIG. 16  may include one or more components of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in  FIG. 16  may be implemented within one or more components described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component. 
     The reception component  1602  may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus  1606 . The reception component  1602  may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus  1600 . In some aspects, the reception component  1602  may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus  1606 . In some aspects, the reception component  1602  may include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . 
     The transmission component  1604  may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus  1606 . In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus  1606  may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component  1604  for transmission to the apparatus  1606 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1604  may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus  1606 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1604  may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the UE described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1604  may be co-located with the reception component  1602  in a transceiver. 
     The reception component  1602  may receive, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. The determination component  1608  may determine a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station. The transmission component  1604  may transmit, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     The reception component  1602  may receive an indication of a timing offset value. The determination component  1608  may determine transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     The determination component  1608  may identify a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence. The determination component  1608  may modify the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting the PRACH sequence with a cyclic prefix having the second cyclic prefix duration. The determination component  1608  may identify a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration. 
     The number and arrangement of components shown in  FIG. 16  are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in  FIG. 16 . Furthermore, two or more components shown in  FIG. 16  may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in  FIG. 16  may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in  FIG. 16  may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in  FIG. 16 . 
       FIG. 17  is a block diagram of an example apparatus  1700  for wireless communication. The apparatus  1700  may be a base station, or a base station may include the apparatus  1700 . In some aspects, the apparatus  1700  includes a reception component  1702  and a transmission component  1704 , which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and/or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus  1700  may communicate with another apparatus  1706  (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component  1702  and the transmission component  1704 . As further shown, the apparatus  1700  may include a determination component  1708 , among other examples. 
     In some aspects, the apparatus  1700  may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with  FIGS. 6, 7, 8 , and/or  9 . Additionally. or alternatively, the apparatus  1700  may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process  1400  of  FIG. 14 , or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus  1700  and/or one or more components shown in  FIG. 17  may include one or more components of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in  FIG. 17  may be implemented within one or more components described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in a memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or a processor to perform the functions or operations of the component. 
     The reception component  1702  may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus  1706 . The reception component  1702  may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus  1700 . In some aspects, the reception component  1702  may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus  1706 . In some aspects, the reception component  1702  may include one or more antennas, a demodulator, a MIMO detector, a receive processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . 
     The transmission component  1704  may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus  1706 . In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus  1706  may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component  1704  for transmission to the apparatus  1706 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1704  may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus  1706 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1704  may include one or more antennas, a modulator, a transmit MIMO processor, a transmit processor, a controller/processor, a memory, or a combination thereof, of the base station described above in connection with  FIG. 2 . In some aspects, the transmission component  1704  may be co-located with the reception component  1702  in a transceiver. 
     The determination component  1708  may determine a first set of resources to be used for a PRACH sequence to be transmitted by a UE. The determination component  1708  may determine a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain. The transmission component  1704  may transmit, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. The reception component  1702  may receive, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. The transmission component  1704  may transmit an indication of a timing offset value to be used by the UE for a transmission timing of the PRACH sequence. 
     The determination component  1708  may identify a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence. The determination component  1708  may modify the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration. The transmission component  1704  may transmit, to the UE, an indication of the second cyclic prefix duration to be used by the UE for the PRACH sequence. The determination component  1708  may identify a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration. The transmission component  1704  may transmit, to the UE, an indication of the timing offset value. 
     The number and arrangement of components shown in  FIG. 17  are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in  FIG. 17 . Furthermore, two or more components shown in  FIG. 17  may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in  FIG. 17  may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in  FIG. 17  may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in  FIG. 17 . 
     The following provides an overview of some aspects of the present disclosure: 
     Aspect 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a base station, a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more physical random access channel (PRACH) formats associated with antenna switching; and transmitting, to the base station, a PRACH sequence using a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     Aspect 2: The method of aspect 1, wherein the base station is included in a non-terrestrial network. 
     Aspect 3: The method of any of aspects 1-2, further comprising: transmitting, to the base station, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     Aspect 4: The method of any of aspects 3, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises: transmitting an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. 
     Aspect 5: The method of any of aspects 3-4, wherein transmitting the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises: transmitting an indication of at least one of: a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     Aspect 6: The method of any of aspects 1-5, wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises: transmitting a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna; performing, at an antenna switch time, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna; and transmitting a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     Aspect 7: The method of aspect 6, wherein the antenna switch time is included in a duration of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions. 
     Aspect 8: The method of any of aspects 6-7, wherein the antenna switch time is based at least in part on a duration of the PRACH sequence, wherein the duration of the PRACH sequence includes a duration of each repetition associated with the PRACH sequence and a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 9: The method of any of aspects 6-8, wherein the antenna switch time occurs an amount of time prior to the end of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions, wherein the amount of time is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 10: The method of any of aspects 6-9, further comprising: identifying the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration. 
     Aspect 11: The method of any of aspects 6-9, wherein receiving the random access channel configuration comprises: receiving an indication of the antenna switch time. 
     Aspect 12: The method of any of aspects 6-9, further comprising: identifying the antenna switch time based at least in part on a stored configuration; or receiving an indication of the antenna switch time. 
     Aspect 13: The method of any of aspects 1-12, wherein receiving the random access channel configuration comprises: receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 14: The method of any of aspects 1-12, wherein receiving the random access channel configuration comprises: receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats; and receiving an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     Aspect 15: The method of any of aspects 1-12, further comprising: receiving an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     Aspect 16: The method of aspect 15, wherein receiving the random access channel configuration comprises: receiving an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence; and determining whether to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     Aspect 17 The method of any of aspects 1-12, further comprising: receiving an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE; receiving an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence; and determining whether to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     Aspect 18: The method of any of aspects 1-17, wherein receiving the random access channel configuration comprises: receiving an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 19: The method of aspect 18, wherein a repetition group includes one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 20: The method of any of aspects 18-19, wherein each repetition group of the one or more repetition groups include a cyclic prefix. 
     Aspect 21: The method of any of aspects 18-20, wherein receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises: receiving an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     Aspect 22: The method of any of aspects 18-21, wherein receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises: receiving an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     Aspect 23: The method of any of aspects 18-21, wherein receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises: receiving an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     Aspect 24: The method of any of aspects 18-21, wherein receiving the indication of the PRACH format comprises: receiving an indication of at least one of: a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE, or an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     Aspect 25: The method of any of aspects 18-24, wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises: transmitting a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using a first antenna; performing, after transmitting the first repetition group, an antenna switch procedure to switch a transmit antenna from the first antenna to a second antenna; and transmitting a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence using the second antenna. 
     Aspect 26: A method of wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising: transmitting, to a user equipment (UE), a random access channel configuration that indicates one or more physical random access channel (PRACH) formats associated with antenna switching; and receiving, from the UE, a PRACH sequence that uses a PRACH format associated with antenna switching from the one or more PRACH formats associated with antenna switching. 
     Aspect 27: The method of aspect 26, wherein the base station is included in a non-terrestrial network. 
     Aspect 28: The method of any of aspects 26-27, further comprising: receiving, from the UE, an indication of an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     Aspect 29: The method of aspect 28, wherein receiving the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises: receiving an indication of whether the UE supports transmit antenna switching. 
     Aspect 30: The method of any of aspects 28-29, wherein receiving the indication of the antenna switching capability of the UE comprises: receiving an indication of at least one of: a number of antennas supported by the UE for uplink transmit antenna switching, or an antenna switching delay associated with the UE. 
     Aspect 31: The method of any of aspects 26-30, wherein receiving the PRACH sequence comprises: receiving a first one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE; and receiving a second one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence that are transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     Aspect 32: The method of aspect 31, wherein a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna is included in a duration of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions. 
     Aspect 33: The method of any of aspects 31-32, wherein a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna is based at least in part on a duration of the PRACH sequence, wherein the duration of the PRACH sequence includes a duration of each repetition associated with the PRACH sequence and a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 34: The method of any of aspects 31-33, wherein a time that the UE performs an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna occurs an amount of time prior to the end of a last repetition, in a time domain, included in the first one or more repetitions, wherein the amount of time is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix included in the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 35: The method of any of aspects 31-34, wherein transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises: transmitting an indication of a time that the UE is to perform an antenna switch procedure from the first antenna to the second antenna. 
     Aspect 36: The method of any of aspects 26-35, wherein transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises: transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format indicates that the PRACH sequence is to include one or more repetitions and indicates that the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 37: The method of any of aspects 26-35, wherein transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises: transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats; and transmitting an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching when transmitting the PRACH sequence using the PRACH format. 
     Aspect 38: The method of any of aspects 26-35, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE, an indication of a first set of random access channel occasions that are associated with antenna switching by the UE and a second set of random access channel occasions that are not associated with antenna switching by the UE. 
     Aspect 39: The method of aspect 38, wherein transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises: transmitting an indication of a random access channel occasion, included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions, associated with the PRACH sequence, wherein an indication of whether the UE is to perform antenna switching is based at least in part on whether the random access channel occasion is included in the first set of random access channel occasions or the second set of random access channel occasions. 
     Aspect 40: The method of any of aspects 26-39, wherein transmitting the random access channel configuration comprises: transmitting an indication of the PRACH format from the one or more PRACH formats, wherein the PRACH format includes one or more repetition groups and an indication that antenna switching is to be used by the UE when transmitting the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 41: The method of aspect 40, wherein a repetition group includes one or more repetitions of the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 42: The method of any of aspects 40-41, wherein each repetition group of the one or more repetition groups include a cyclic prefix. 
     Aspect 43: The method of any of aspects 40-42, wherein transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises: transmitting an indication that the UE is to perform an antenna switching procedure at the end of at least one of the one or more repetition groups. 
     Aspect 44: The method of any of aspects 40-43, wherein transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises: transmitting an indication of a starting time of each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups, wherein the starting time is based at least in part on an amount of time associated with an antenna switching capability of the UE. 
     Aspect 45: The method of any of aspects 40-43, wherein transmitting the indication of the PRACH format comprises: transmitting an indication of a time gap between each repetition group included in the one or more repetition groups. 
     Aspect 46: The method of any of aspects 40-43, wherein receiving the PRACH sequence comprises: receiving a first repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a first antenna of the UE; and receiving a second repetition group of the one or more repetition groups of the PRACH sequence that is transmitted by the UE using a second antenna of the UE. 
     Aspect 47: A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a base station, an indication of resources to be used for a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence, wherein resources reserved by the base station include more resources in a time domain than the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; determining a transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on an estimated propagation delay between the UE and the base station; and transmitting, to the base station, the PRACH sequence in accordance with the transmission timing. 
     Aspect 48: The method of aspect 47, wherein the resources reserved by the base station include time domain resources that occur prior to time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence and include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 49: The method of aspect 47, wherein the resources reserved by the base station include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources to be used for the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 50: The method of any of aspects 47-49, further comprising: receiving an indication of a timing offset value, wherein determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises: determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     Aspect 51: The method of aspect 50, wherein the timing offset value is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 52: The method of any of aspects 47-51, further comprising: identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence; and modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration, wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises transmitting the PRACH sequence with a cyclic prefix having the second cyclic prefix duration. 
     Aspect 53: The method of aspect 52, further comprising: identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration, wherein determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises: determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence based at least in part on the timing offset value. 
     Aspect 54: The method of any of aspects 47-53, wherein determining the transmission timing for the PRACH sequence comprises: determining a first timing value that is based on the resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; subtracting, from the first timing value, the estimated propagation delay to obtain a second timing value, and adding, to the second timing value, a timing offset value to obtain a third timing value. 
     Aspect 55: The method of aspect 54, wherein transmitting the PRACH sequence comprises: transmitting the PRACH sequence at the third timing value. 
     Aspect 56: A method of wireless communication performed by a base station, comprising: determining a first set of resources to be used for a physical random access channel (PRACH) sequence to be transmitted by a user equipment (UE); determining a second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence, wherein the first set of resources and the second set of resources at least partially overlap in a time domain; transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the first set of resources to be used for the PRACH sequence; and receiving, from the UE, the PRACH sequence using resources included in the second set of resources. 
     Aspect 57: The method of aspect 56, wherein determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises: determining that the second set of resources is to include: time domain resources that occur prior to time domain resources of the first set of resources, and time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     Aspect 58: The method of aspect 56, wherein determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises: determining that the second set of resources is to include time domain resources that occur after the time domain resources of the first set of resources. 
     Aspect 59: The method of aspect 56, wherein determining the second set of resources to reserve for receiving the PRACH sequence comprises: determining that the second set of resources is to include additional time domain resources than time domain resources of the first set of resources, wherein an amount of the additional time domain resources is based at least in part on at least one of a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence, a negative propagation delay estimated by the UE, or a positive propagation delay estimated by the UE. 
     Aspect 60: The method of any of aspects 56-59, further comprising: transmitting an indication of a timing offset value to be used by the UE for a transmission timing of the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 61: The method of aspect 60, wherein the timing offset value is based at least in part on a duration of a cyclic prefix of the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 62: The method of any of aspects 56-61, further comprising: identifying a first cyclic prefix duration based at least in part on a PRACH format of the PRACH sequence; modifying the first cyclic prefix duration by a factor to obtain a second cyclic prefix duration; and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the second cyclic prefix duration to be used by the UE for the PRACH sequence. 
     Aspect 63: The method of aspect 62, further comprising: identifying a timing offset value that is based at least in part on the second cyclic prefix duration; and transmitting, to the UE, an indication of the timing offset value. 
     Aspect 64: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25. 
     Aspect 65: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25. 
     Aspect 66: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25. 
     Aspect 67: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25. 
     Aspect 68: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25. 
     Aspect 69: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46. 
     Aspect 70: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46. 
     Aspect 71: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46. 
     Aspect 72: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46. 
     Aspect 73: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46. 
     Aspect 74: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 47-55. 
     Aspect 75: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 47-55. 
     Aspect 76: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 47-55. 
     Aspect 77: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 47-55. 
     Aspect 78: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 47-55. 
     Aspect 79: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 56-63. 
     Aspect 80: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 56-63. 
     Aspect 81: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 56-63. 
     Aspect 82: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 56-63. 
     Aspect 83: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 56-63. 
     Aspect 84: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25 and 47-55. 
     Aspect 85: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25 and 47-55. 
     Aspect 86: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25 and 47-55. 
     Aspect 87: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25 and 47-55. 
     Aspect 88: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 1-25 and 47-55. 
     Aspect 89: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; memory coupled with the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46 and 56-63. 
     Aspect 90: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors configured to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46 and 56-63. 
     Aspect 91: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46 and 56-63. 
     Aspect 92: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by a processor to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46 and 56-63. 
     Aspect 93: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more aspects of aspects 26-46 and 56-63. 
     The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects. 
     As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and/or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a processor is implemented in hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and/or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and/or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and/or methods were described herein without reference to specific software code—it being understood that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein. 
     As used herein, satisfying a threshold may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like. 
     Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of various aspects. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c, a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering of a, b, and c). 
     No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items), and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of”).