Patent Publication Number: US-11645987-B2

Title: Apparatus and vibrating generating apparatus having rear vibration member

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of and priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0190065 filed on Dec. 31, 2020, and No. 10-2021-0189239 filed on Dec. 28, 2021, which are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus. 
     2. Discussion of the Related Art 
     An apparatus or an electronic apparatus, for example, a display apparatus, may include a display panel for displaying an image and a separate speaker for providing a sound. Where a separate speaker is in a display apparatus, the speaker occupies a space. Accordingly, the design and spatial disposition of the display apparatus may be limited. 
     Also, because a sound output from a speaker may travel in a rearward or a downward direction of the display apparatus, sound quality may be degraded due to interference between soundwaves reflected from walls and the floor. For this reason, it may be difficult to transfer an accurate sound, and the immersion experience of a viewer may be reduced. 
     SUMMARY 
     The inventors have recognized problems described above and have performed various experiments for implementing an apparatus for enhancing the quality of a sound and a sound pressure characteristic. Therefore, through the various experiments, the inventors have invented an electronic apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus having a new structure for enhancing the quality of a sound and a sound pressure characteristic. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to an electronic apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus that substantially obviate one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. 
     An aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus which may vibrate a vibration member to generate a sound in a forward direction of the apparatus and may enhance one or both of a sound characteristic and a sound pressure level characteristic. 
     Another aspect of the present disclosure is to provide an electronic apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus, which may vibrate a display member (or a vibration member) to generate a haptic feedback and may enhance a vibration characteristic, strength, and a response time of the haptic feedback. 
     Additional features and aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of the inventive concepts provided herein. Other features and aspects of the inventive concepts may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in, or derivable from, the written description, the claims hereof, and the appended drawings. 
     To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a vibration member; a first cover disposed at a rear surface of the vibration member; a first vibration apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the first cover and configured to vibrate the vibration member; a first enclosure member disposed at the rear surface of the first cover and at the rear surface of the vibration member; and a first rear vibration member disposed at the first enclosure member. 
     In another aspect, a vibration generating apparatus for use with a vibration member according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a support member including a first hole and a second hole; a first vibration device disposed at the first hole; a second vibration device disposed at the second hole; an enclosure member connected to a rear surface of the vibration member and configured to cover the support member, the first vibration device, and the second vibration device; and a rear vibration member disposed at the enclosure member. 
     In yet another aspect, an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a vibration member; a first cover disposed at a rear surface of the vibration member; and a vibration generating apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the first cover and configured to vibrate the vibration member, the vibration generating apparatus comprising a support member including a first hole and a second hole; a first vibration device disposed at the first hole; a second vibration device disposed at the second hole; an enclosure member connected to a rear surface of the vibration member and configured to cover the support member, the first vibration device, and the second vibration device; and a rear vibration member disposed at the enclosure member. 
     An apparatus or an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may output a sound in a forward direction of a display panel or a vibration member and may output a sound having improved sound quality, sound performance, and sound pressure level characteristic, thereby increasing the immersion experience of a viewer or a user. 
     An apparatus or an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may generate a haptic feedback based on a vibration of a display panel or a vibration member and may enhance a vibration characteristic, strength, and a response time of the haptic feedback. 
     A vibration generating apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may output a sound in a forward direction of a vibration member (or a vibration object) and may output a sound having improved sound quality, sound performance, and/or sound pressure level characteristic. 
     A vibration generating apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may generate a haptic feedback based on a vibration of a vibration member (or a vibration object). 
     Other systems, methods, features and advantages will be, or will become, apparent to one with skill in the art upon examination of the following figures and detailed description. It is intended that all such additional systems, methods, features and advantages be included within this description, be within the scope of the present disclosure, and be protected by the appended claims. Nothing in this section should be taken as a limitation on those claims. Further aspects and advantages are discussed below in conjunction with embodiments of the disclosure. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present disclosure are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the inventive concepts as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain principles of the disclosure. 
         FIG.  1    illustrates an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  4    is an enlarged view of a region “A” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  5    is an enlarged view of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  6    is an enlarged view of a region “C” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a vibration generator according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-IF illustrated in  FIG.  7   . 
         FIGS.  9 A to  9 F  illustrate a vibration portion of a vibration generator according to example embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  10    is another enlarged view of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  11    is another enlarged view of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  12    is another enlarged view of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  13    is another enlarged view of a region “C” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  14    is an exploded view of an electronic apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  15    is an example cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1    with respect to a connection structure of the apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  14   . 
         FIG.  16    is an enlarged view of a region “D” illustrated in  FIG.  15   . 
         FIG.  17    illustrates an example vibration generator illustrated in  FIG.  14   . 
         FIG.  18    is another example cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1    with respect to a connection structure of the apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  14   . 
         FIG.  19    is an enlarged view of a region “E” illustrated in  FIG.  18   . 
         FIG.  20    is a graph showing a sound pressure level characteristic of an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  21    is a graph showing another sound pressure level characteristic of an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  22    illustrates a rear surface of an electronic apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  23    is an exploded perspective view of the example apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  22   . 
         FIG.  24    illustrates example measurement points in a display member for measuring a vibration acceleration in an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, unless otherwise described, the same drawing reference numerals should be understood to refer to the same elements, features, and structures. The relative size and depiction of these elements may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which may be illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
     In the following description, the progression of processing steps or operations described herein is not limited to the specific example or examples set forth herein and may be changed as is known in the art, unless otherwise specified. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout, unless otherwise specified. Names of the respective elements used in the following explanations are selected only for convenience of writing the specification and may thus be different from those used in actual products. 
     Advantages and features of the present disclosure, and implementation methods thereof will be clarified through following example embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the example embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure may be sufficiently thorough and complete to assist those skilled in the art to fully understand the scope of the present disclosure. Further, the protected scope of the present disclosure is defined by claims and their equivalents. 
     The shapes, sizes, ratios, angles, numbers, and the like, which are illustrated in the drawings to describe various example embodiments of the present disclosure, are merely given by way of example. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the illustrations in the drawings. 
     In the following description, where the detailed description of the relevant known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure an important point of the present disclosure, a detailed description of such known function of configuration may be omitted. 
     Where the terms “comprise,” “have,” “include,” and the like are used, one or more other elements may be added unless the term, such as “only,” is used. An element described in the singular form is intended to include a plurality of elements, and vice versa, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     In construing an element, the element is to be construed as including an error or tolerance range even where no explicit description of such an error or tolerance range is provided. 
     Where positional relationships are described, for example, where the positional relationship between two parts is described using “on,” “over,” “under,” “above,” “below,” “beside,” “next,” or the like, one or more other parts may be located between the two parts unless a more limiting term, such as “immediate(ly),” “direct(ly),” or “close(ly)” is used. For example, where an element or layer is disposed “on” another element or layer, a third layer or element may be interposed therebetween. 
     In describing a temporal relationship, when the temporal order is described as, for example, “after,” “subsequent,” “next,” or “before,” a case which is not continuous may be included unless a more limiting term, such as “just,” “immediate(ly),” or “direct(ly),” is used. 
     Although the terms “first,” “second,” A, B, (a), (b), and the like may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be interpreted to be limited by these terms as they are not used to define a particular order or precedence. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. 
     The expression that an element is “connected,” “coupled,” or “adhered” to another element or layer the element or layer can not only be directly connected or adhered to another element or layer, but also be indirectly connected or adhered to another element or layer with one or more intervening elements or layers “disposed,” or “interposed” between the elements or layers, unless otherwise specified. 
     Where an element or layer is referred to as being “on” or “connected to” another element or layer, it should be understood to mean that the element or layer may be directly on or directly connected to the other element or layer, or that intervening elements or layers may be present. Also, where one element is referred to as being disposed “on” or “under” another element, it should be understood to mean that the elements may be so disposed to directly contact each other, or may be so disposed without directly contacting each other. 
     The term “at least one” should be understood as including any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. For example, the meaning of “at least one of a first element, a second element, and a third element” encompasses the combination of all three listed elements, combinations of any two of the three elements, as well as each individual element, the first element, the second element, and the third element. 
     In the present disclosure, examples of a display apparatus may include a narrow-sense display apparatus, such as an organic light emitting display (OLED) module or a liquid crystal module (LCM) including a display panel and a driver for driving the display panel. Also, examples of the display apparatus may include a set device (or a set apparatus) or a set electronic apparatus, such as a notebook, laptop, or portable computer, a television, a computer monitor, an equipment apparatus including an automotive apparatus or another type apparatus for vehicles, or a mobile electronic apparatus, such as a smartphone or an electronic pad, which is a complete product (or a final product) including an LCM or an OLED module. 
     Therefore, in the present disclosure, examples of the display apparatus may include a narrow-sense display apparatus itself, such as an LCM or an OLED module, and a set apparatus which is a final consumer apparatus or an application product including the LCM or the OLED module. 
     In some embodiments, an LCM or an OLED module including a display panel and a driver may be referred to as a narrow-sense display apparatus, and an electronic apparatus which is a final product including an LCM or an OLED module may be referred to as a set apparatus. For example, the narrow-sense display apparatus may include a display panel, such as an LCD panel or an OLED panel, and a source printed circuit board (PCB) which is a controller for driving the display panel. The set apparatus may further include a set PCB which is a set controller electrically connected to the source PCB to control overall operation of the set apparatus. 
     In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus including a vibration apparatus may be applied to vehicles as a user interface module, such as a central control panel for automobiles. For example, the apparatus may be provided between occupants sitting in two front seats for a vibration of the apparatus to be transmitted to the interior of a vehicle. Therefore, an audio experience in a vehicle may be improved in comparison with a case where speakers are disposed on interior sides of the vehicle. 
     Features of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be partially or overall coupled to or combined with each other, and may be variously inter-operated with each other and driven technically as those skilled in the art can sufficiently understand. Embodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out independently from each other, or may be carried out together in a co-dependent relationship. 
     The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the disclosure. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited to specific drawings, and features disclosed in the drawings may be combined with each other to form a new embodiment. 
     Hereinafter, example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Also, for convenience of description, a scale in which each of elements is illustrated in the accompanying drawings may differ from an actual scale. Thus, the illustrated elements are not limited to the specific scale in which they are illustrated in the drawings. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     A shown in  FIG.  1   , the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a display member  200 . For example, the display member  200  may display an image, for example, an electronic image, or a digital image, or a still image, or a video image. The apparatus may generate a sound and/or a haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) based on a vibration of the display member  200 . For example, the apparatus may generate a first sound and/or a first haptic feedback in one region thereof and may generate a second sound and/or a second haptic feedback in another region thereof. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the apparatus may output sounds S 1  and S 2  (or vibration sounds or display vibration sounds) based on a vibration of the display member  200  configured to display an image. For example, in the apparatus, the display member  200  may be vibrated by the vibration apparatus to generate the sounds S 1  and S 2 . Accordingly, the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may use the display member  200  as a vibration plate for generating a sound and/or a haptic feedback. 
     The apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may output the sounds S 1  and S 2  in a forward direction FD of a screen by using the display member  200  as a vibration plate for generating a sound. Thus, a sound may be accurately transmitted, sound quality may be improved, and the immersion experience of a viewer or a user may improve. For example, the display member  200  may be a vibration member, a passive vibration member, a vibration object, a display panel, or a vibration plate, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
       FIG.  2    is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  1   .  FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1   .  FIG.  4    is an enlarged view of a region “A” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  1  to  4   , the electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a front member  100 , a display member  200 , a guide member  300 , a first cover  400 , one or more vibration apparatuses  500 , one or more enclosure members  600 , and a second cover  700 . A configuration of the apparatus is not limited to the illustrated example. 
     The front member  100  may configure a foremost structure of the apparatus. For example, the front member  100  may be disposed at a front surface of the display member  200  and may protect a screen of the display member  200 . For example, the front member  100  may cover a front surface of the display member  200  to protect the display member  200  from an external impact. Moreover, the front member  100  may vibrate together with the vibration of the display member  200  to generate a sound S and/or a haptic feedback. For example, the front member  100  may generate different sounds S 1  and S 2  and/or haptic feedback in different regions. 
     For example, the front member  100  may include a transparent plastic material, a glass material, or a tempered glass material. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the front member  100  may include one of sapphire glass and gorilla glass or a stacked structure thereof. According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the front member  100  may include a transparent plastic material, such as polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) or the like. The front member  100  may include tempered glass with scratch resistance and transparency. For example, the front member  100  may be a front structure, a front window, a cover window, a glass window, a cover screen, a screen cover, a window glass, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     For example, the front member  100  may cover a non-display area other than a display area of the display member  200 . For example, the front member  100  may include a transparent area overlapping the display area of the display member  200  and a non-transparent area (or a light blocking area) overlapping the non-display area of the display member  200 . For example, the non-transparent area may cover not only the non-display area of the display member  200 , but also the non-display area where an image is not displayed in the apparatus. 
     The front member  100  may have a shape corresponding to the outer shape or outer periphery of the display member  200  or the display panel  210 . For example, the front member  100  may have a polygonal shape including a rectangular shape or a square shape or may have a non-polygonal shape including at least one side having a curve shape, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a first connection member  110 . 
     The first connection member  110  may be disposed at a lateral surface of the front member  100 . For example, the first connection member  110  may be disposed to surround the lateral surface of the front member  100 . The first connection member  110  may be disposed to cover at least one or more of lateral surfaces and corners of the front member  100 . The first connection member  110  may be disposed between the front member  100  and the second cover  700 . The first connection member  110  may be disposed along a region between the front member  100  and an upper inner surface of the second cover  700 . The first connection member  110  may connect or couple the front member  100  to the second cover  700  and may fill a space between the front member  100  and the second cover  700 , thereby preventing light from leaking into a region between the front member  100  and the second cover  700  (lateral light leakage). 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first connection member  110  may include a silicone-based or UV curing-based sealant (or resin). In consideration of a process tact time (or takt time), the first connection member  110  may include a UV curing-based sealant. The first connection member  110  may have a color (for example, blue, red, cyan, or black), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first connection member  110  may include a colored resin or a light blocking resin for preventing lateral light leakage. 
     The display member  200  may be disposed at a rear surface (or a back surface) of the front member  100  and may be configured to display an image. For example, the image may include an electronic image, a digital image, or a still image, or a video image, or the like. For example, the display member  200  may be a liquid crystal display device, but the type of the display member  200  is not limited thereto. For example, the display member  200  may be another type of display device, such as a light emitting display device, an electrophoretic display device, a micro light emitting diode display device, an electrowetting display device, a quantum dot light emitting display device, or the like. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a rear surface (or a back surface) of the display member  200  may include a center portion CP and periphery portions EP. For example, the rear surface of the display member  200  may be divided into the center portion CP and two periphery portions EP parallel to each other with the center portion CP therebetween. 
     The center portion CP of the display member  200  may be divided into a first center portion CP 1  and a second center portion CP 2 . For example, the first center portion CP 1  may be a left portion (or a left center portion) of the center portion CP, and the second center portion CP 2  may be a right portion (or a right center portion) of the center portion CP. With respect to a first direction X (or a widthwise direction) of the display member  200 , the first center portion CP 1  and the second center portion CP 2  may be left-right (or horizontally) symmetrical with respect to a center line (or a widthwise center line) CL 1  of the display member  200 . 
     The first center portion CP 1  and a first periphery portion EP 1  may configure a first portion (or a left portion) P 1  of the display member  200 . The second center portion CP 2  and a second periphery portion EP 2  may configure a second portion (or a right portion) P 2  of the display member  200 . 
     The display member  200  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a display panel  210  and a backlight  230 . The configuration of the display member  200  is not limited thereto. 
     The display panel  210  may be disposed at a rear surface of the front member  100  and may be configured to display an image. For example, the image may include an electronic image, a digital image, or a still image, or a video image, or the like. 
     The display panel  210  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured to display an image using the light irradiated from the backlight  230 . Moreover, the display panel  210  may act as a touch sensor that senses a touch applied to the front member  100 , for example, by a user. The display panel  210  may output the sound S according to a vibration of the vibration apparatus(es)  500  or may generate a haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to the touch. The display panel  210  may be disposed at the rear surface of the front member  100  through a bonding process using a panel bonding member (or an adhesive member). The panel bonding member may include a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), an optically clear adhesive (OCA), or an optically clear resin (OCR), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The display panel  210  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have a polygonal shape including a rectangular shape or a square shape or may have a non-polygonal shape including at least one side having a curve shape. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The display panel  210  may have a shape which is the same as or different from the front member  100 . For example, the front member  100  may have a rectangular shape, and the display panel  210  may have a rectangular shape having a smaller size than the front member  100 . For another example, the front member  100  may have a non-polygonal shape, and the display panel  210  may have a non-polygonal shape or a rectangular shape each having a smaller size than the front member  100 . 
     The display panel  210  may function as a vibration plate, which vibrates based on vibration (or driving) of the vibration apparatus(es)  500  to output the sound S 1  and S 2  in the forward direction FD. For example, the display panel  210  may simultaneously or sequentially output a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band and a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on the vibration apparatus(es)  500  in the forward direction FD thereof. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pitched sound band may be the same or different from the second pitched sound band. For example, the first sound S 1  having the first pitched sound band may be output from a first portion (or a left portion) P 1  of the display panel  210  in the forward direction FD, and the second sound S 2  having the second pitched sound band may be output from a second portion (or a right portion) P 2  of the display panel  210  in the forward direction FD. 
     The display panel  210  may be a vibration plate which vibrates based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus(es)  500  to generate a haptic feedback. For example, the display panel  210  may generate a first haptic feedback at a first portion (or a left portion) P 1  and may generate a second haptic feedback at a second portion (or a right portion) P 2 , based on a vibration of the vibration apparatuses  500 . For example, the display panel  210  may generate the first haptic feedback at a first periphery portion EP 1  and may generate the second haptic feedback at a second periphery portion EP 2 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  4   , the display panel  210  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first substrate  211 , a second substrate  213 , a first polarization member  215 , and a second polarization member  217 . A configuration of the display panel  210  is not limited thereto. 
     The first substrate  211  may be a lower substrate or a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate. The first substrate  211  may include a pixel array including a plurality of pixels which are respectively provided in a plurality of pixel areas formed at intersections between a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines. Each of the plurality of pixels may include a TFT connected to a gate line and a data line, a pixel electrode connected to the TFT, and a common electrode which is adjacent to the pixel electrode and is supplied with a common voltage. 
     The first substrate  211  may further include a pad portion provided at a first periphery thereof and a gate driving circuit provided at a second periphery thereof. The pad portion may transfer a signal, supplied from an external source, to the pixel array and the gate driving circuit. For example, the pad portion may include a plurality of data pads connected to a plurality of data lines through a plurality of data link lines and may also include a plurality of gate input pads connected to the gate driving circuit through gate control signal lines. 
     The gate driving circuit according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be embedded (or integrated) into a second periphery of the first substrate  211  and may be connected to the plurality of gate lines in one-to-one relationship. For example, the gate driving circuit may be implemented with a shift register including a transistor, which is formed through the same process as the TFT provided in the pixel area. Alternatively, the gate driving circuit may be implemented in the form of an integrated circuit (IC) and may be provided at a driving circuit part without being embedded into the first substrate  211 . 
     The second substrate  213  may be an upper substrate or a color filter array substrate. For example, the second substrate  213  may include a pixel pattern to include an opening area overlapping with each of the pixel areas formed at the first substrate  211  and may include a color filter layer formed at the opening area. The second substrate  213  may have a size smaller than the first substrate  211 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second substrate  213  may overlap a remaining portion, other than the first periphery, of the first substrate  211 . The second substrate  213  may be bonded using a sealant to a remaining portion, other than the first periphery, of the first substrate  211  with a liquid crystal layer therebetween. 
     The liquid crystal layer may be disposed between the first substrate  211  and the second substrate  213 . For example, the liquid crystal layer may include a liquid crystal including liquid crystal molecules where an alignment direction thereof is changed based on an electric field generated by the common voltage and a data voltage applied to a pixel electrode for each pixel. 
     The first polarization member  215  may be attached on a rear surface of the first substrate  211  and may polarize light which is incident from the backlight  230  and travels to the liquid crystal layer. The second polarization member  217  may be attached on a top surface of the second substrate  213  and may polarize light, which passes through the second substrate  213  and is incident thereon, to discharge the polarized light to a front surface of the apparatus. 
     The display panel  210  may drive the liquid crystal layer based on an electric field generated in each pixel by the data voltage and the common voltage applied to each pixel. Thus, the display panel  210  may display an image based on light passing through the liquid crystal layer. 
     The display panel  210  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a touch electrode layer for sensing a touch applied to the front member  100 , for example, by a user. 
     The touch electrode layer may include a plurality of touch electrodes for sensing the touch. Each of the plurality of touch electrodes may act as a touch sensor for sensing the touch, based on a mutual capacitance type or a self-capacitance type. For example, the touch electrode layer may be implemented as a touch panel including the plurality of touch electrodes. For example, the touch panel may be an add-on type touch panel or an in-cell type touch panel. 
     In display panel  210  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first substrate  211  may be implemented as the color filter array substrate, and the second substrate  213  may be implemented as the TFT array substrate. For example, the display panel  210  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may have a type where an upper portion and a lower portion of the display panel  210  are reversed with respect to the example embodiment described above. For example, a pad part of the display panel  210  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may be covered by a separate mechanism or structure. 
     The display panel  210  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a bending portion that may be bent or curved to have a curved shape or a certain curvature radius. 
     The bending portion of the display panel  210  may be implemented in at least one of the first periphery and the second periphery of the display panel  210 , which are parallel to each other. The first periphery and/or the second periphery (where the bending portion is implemented) of the display panel  210  may include only the non-display area or may alternatively include a periphery of the display area in addition to the non-display area. The display panel  210  including the bending portion implemented by bending of the non-display area may have a one-side bezel bending structure or a both-side bezel bending structure. Moreover, the display panel  210  including the bending portion implemented by bending of the periphery of the display area and the non-display area may have a one-side active bending structure or a both-side active bending structure. 
     The backlight  230  may be disposed at a rear surface of the display panel  210  and may irradiate light onto the rear surface of the display panel  210 . For example, the backlight  230  may be disposed between the display panel  210  and the first cover  400  and may be supported by the first cover  400 . 
     The backlight  230  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a light guide plate  231 , a light source part  233 , a reflective sheet  235 , and an optical sheet part  237 . The configuration of the backlight  230  is not limited thereto. 
     The light guide plate  231  may include a light incident surface which is disposed at the first cover  400  to overlap the display panel  210  and is provided in at least one sidewall thereof. For example, the light guide plate  231  may include a light-transmitting plastic or glass material. The light guide plate  231  may transfer (or output) light, which is incident on the light incident surface from the light source part  233 , to the display panel  210 . For example, the light guide plate  231  may be referred to as a light guide member or a flat light source, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The light source part  233  may irradiate light onto the light incident surface provided at the light guide plate  231 . The light source part  233  may be disposed at one side surface of the light guide plate  231  to overlap a first periphery of the display panel  210 . For example, the light source part  233  may be disposed between the guide member  300  and the first cover  400 . For example, the light source part  233  may be disposed between a supporting part  310  of the guide member  300  and the first cover  400 . For example, the light source part  233  may include a plurality of light emitting diode (LED) devices which are mounted at a light source printed circuit board and irradiate lights onto the light incident surface of the light guide plate  231 . For example, the guide member  300  may be a panel guide or a guide panel, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The reflective sheet  235  may be disposed at a rear surface of the light guide plate  231 . For example, the reflective sheet  235  may be disposed between the first cover  400  and the rear surface of the light guide plate  231 . The reflective sheet  235  may reflect light, which is incident from the light guide plate  231 , back toward the light guide plate  231  to minimize or reduce the loss of the light. 
     The optical sheet part  237  may be disposed at a front surface of the light guide plate  231 . For example, the optical sheet part  237  may enhance a luminance characteristic of light output from the light guide plate  231 . For example, the optical sheet part  237  may include a lower diffusive sheet, a lower prism sheet, and an upper first prism sheet, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the optical sheet part  237  may be configured by a stacked combination of one or more sheets of a diffusive sheet, a prism sheet, a dual brightness enhancement film (DBEF), and a lenticular sheet, or may be configured with one composite sheet having a light diffusing function and a light collecting function. 
     The display member  200  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a driving circuit part. The driving circuit part may be connected to a pad portion provided at the first periphery portion of the display panel  210  and may be configured to display an image corresponding to video data supplied from the display host system on each pixel of the display panel  210 . For example, the driving circuit part may be connected to a pad portion provided at the first periphery portion of the first substrate  211  of the display panel  210 . For example, the driving circuit part may sense a touch (for example, by a user) through the plurality of touch electrodes disposed at the touch electrode layer of the display panel  210 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving circuit part may be disposed at the first cover  400 . For example, the driving circuit part may extend from a first periphery of the display panel  210  along a side surface and a rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, the driving circuit part may be fixed to or connected to the rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, the driving circuit part may include at least one flexible circuit film, at least one data driving integrated circuit (IC), a printed circuit board (PCB), a control circuit, and a connector, but a configuration of the driving circuit part is not limited thereto. The connector may be a user connector, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     Each of the at least one flexible circuit film may be attached at a pad portion provided at a first periphery of the first substrate  211  of the display panel  210  using a film attachment process. Each of the at least one flexible circuit film may be bent to surround a side surface (or a first side surface) of one or both of the display panel  210  and the backlight  230  and may be connected to the PCB at one periphery (or a first rear periphery) of the rear surface of the first cover  400 . 
     The at least one data driving IC may be individually mounted at each of the at least one flexible circuit film. The data driving IC may receive pixel data and a data control signal provided from the control circuit, convert the pixel data into a pixel-based analog data signal based on the data control signal, and supply the analog data voltage to a corresponding data line. Optionally, each of the at least one data driving IC may be directly mounted at a first periphery of the first substrate  211  through a chip bonding process and may be connected to a plurality of data lines. In this example configuration, the at least one flexible circuit film may be omitted. 
     The PCB may be connected to the at least one flexible circuit film in common. For example, the PCB may be connected to the display panel  210  through the at least one flexible circuit film. For example, the PCB may be electrically connected to the other side of the at least one flexible circuit film through a film attachment process using an anisotropic conductive film and may be disposed at the first rear periphery of the first cover  400  based on bending of the at least one flexible circuit film. 
     The control circuit may be disposed at (or mounted at) the PCB. For example, the control circuit may receive a timing synchronization signal and video data supplied from a display host system through a connector. For example, the timing synchronization signal may include a vertical synchronization signal, a horizontal synchronization signal, a data enable signal, and a main clock signal, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The control circuit may generate a gate control signal for controlling a driving timing of a gate driving circuit and a data control signal for controlling a driving timing of the at least one data driving IC, based on the timing synchronization signal. For example, the gate control signal may include at least one gate start signal and a plurality of gate shift clocks, or the like. The data control signal may include a source start signal, a source shift clock, and a source output enable signal, or the like. 
     The connector may receive various signals including a sound signal from the display host system and may provide the received signal to the control circuit. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving circuit part may further include a touch driving circuit connected to the touch electrode layer of the display panel  210 . The touch driving circuit may sense a touch (for example, by a user) through each of the plurality of touch electrodes disposed at the touch electrode layer to generate touch raw data and may transmit coordinate information about the touch to the display host system based on the generated touch raw data. 
     The display host system or a host system may include a main board, various circuits mounted on the main board, various storage mediums, a peripheral device, a keyboard, and a power device, or the like. The various circuits mounted on the main board may include a central control circuit for processing various information, an image processing circuit for processing data according to control by the central control circuit, and a sound processing circuit for processing a sound according to control by the central control circuit. The display host system may process various information, may generate and provide the timing synchronization signal and the video data to the control board, and may generate and provide a driving signal including a sound signal or a haptic feedback signal to the control board. For example, the sound signal may or may not be synchronized with the video data. 
     The display host system may execute an application program associated with touch coordinates corresponding to coordinate information about a touch provided from the touch driving circuit or may perform a user interface based on a touch input of a user. Also, the display host system may generate a driving signal including a haptic feedback signal corresponding to the coordinate information about the touch provided from the touch driving circuit. 
     The guide member  300  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230 . For example, the guide member  300  may be disposed between a rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210  and a front periphery portion of the backlight  230 . For example, the guide member  300  may support the rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210 . For example, the guide member  300  may cover at least one or both of the front periphery portion and a side surface (or a lateral surface) of the backlight  230 . For example, the guide member  300  may cover and support a side surface of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide member  300  may maintain an interval between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230  and may provide a sound transfer space STS between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide member  300  may have a tetragonal frame shape which includes an opening portion overlapping a center portion CP, other than the rear periphery portions EP, of the display panel  210 . A configuration of the guide member  300  is not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, because the guide member  300  has a tetragonal frame shape including an opening portion, the guide member  300  may provide the sound transfer space STS between a rearmost surface of the display panel  210  and a frontmost surface of the backlight  230  facing each other with an opening portion therebetween, thereby preventing or minimizing the leakage (or loss) of a sound pressure level transferred to the sound transfer space STS. The sound transfer space STS may have a function of a sound pressure generating space, where a sound pressure is generated based on a vibration of the backlight  230 . The sound transfer space STS may additionally or alternatively have a function of a panel vibration space which enables the display panel  210  to vibrate smoothly based on a sound pressure level. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  3  and  4   , the second connection member  350  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed between a periphery portion EP of the rear surface of the display panel  210  and the guide member  300 . The third connection member  370  may be disposed between a periphery portion of a front surface of the backlight  230  and the guide member  300 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide member  300  may be disposed or positioned at the rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210  by the second connection member  350 . For example, the guide member  300  may be disposed or positioned at a front periphery portion of the backlight  230  by the third connection member  370 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a front surface of the second connection member  350  may be disposed at or connected to a rear periphery portion EP of the first substrate  211  of the display panel  210 . A rear surface of the second connection member  350  may be disposed on or connected to the front surface of the guide member  300 . Thus, the display panel  210  and the guide member  300  may be connected to the second connection member  350 . Accordingly, the display panel  210  may be fixed or connected to the guide member  300  with the second connection member  350 . 
     The second connection member  350  may be disposed at the rear periphery portion EP of the first substrate  211  to surround a lateral surface of the first polarization member  215 , thereby preventing lateral light leakage occurring in the first polarization member  215 . The second connection member  350  may provide a sound transfer space STS between the display panel  210  and the guide member  300 . For example, the sound transfer space STS may be formed in a four-side-sealed type or a closed loop type by one or both of the guide member  300  and the second connection member  350 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a front surface of the third connection member  370  may be disposed at or connected to the rear surface of the guide member  300 . A rear surface of the third connection member  370  may be disposed at or connected to the front surface of the backlight  230 . Thus, the guide member  300  and the backlight  230  may be connected to the third connection member  370 . Accordingly, the backlight  230  may be fixed or connected to the guide member  300  by the third connection member  370 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide member  300  may further include a groove  390  into which the third connection member  370  may be inserted (or accommodated), and the third connection member  370  may be inserted (or accommodated) into the groove  390 . For example, the groove  390  may be formed at the rear surface of the guide member  300  overlapping the front surface of the backlight  230 . For example, the third connection member  370  may have a thickness (or a height) which enables the backlight  230  to be connected to the guide member  300  despite being inserted (or accommodated) into the groove  390 . For example, the third connection member  370  may have a thickness (or a height) which is equal to that of the groove  390  or is greater than that of the groove  390  within an error range. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, because the third connection member  370  may be inserted or accommodated into the groove  390 , an increase in thickness of the apparatus caused by the third connection member  370  may be reduced or minimized. Also, in a case where a height of the sound transfer space STS is adjusted, the thickness or height of the third connection member  390  may be excluded. Thus, a height of the sound transfer space STS may be adjusted to a combined thickness or height of the guide member  300  and the second connection member  350 . Accordingly, a height of the sound transfer space STS may be controlled, thereby providing an apparatus for outputting a desired sound. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second and third connection members  350  and  370  may include an acrylic-based or urethane-based adhesive member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second and third connection members  350  and  370  may include an acrylic-based adhesive member having a relatively strong adhesive force and relatively high hardness so that a vibration of the guide member  300  may be sufficiently transferred to the display panel  210 . In this case, the second and third connection members  350  and  370  may include an acrylic-based adhesive layer, a double-sided foam adhesive pad, or an acrylic-based adhesive resin curing layer. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to such examples. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the guide member  300  may include a plastic material, a metal material, or a combination of a plastic material and a metal material, but a material of the guide member  300  is not limited thereto. For example, the guide member  300  may function as a vibration transfer member which transfers a vibration, generated by the vibration apparatus  400 , to the rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210 . Therefore, the vibration, generated by the vibration apparatus(es)  500 , may be transferred from the guide member  300  to the display panel  210  without being lost. For example, the guide member  300  may include a metal material for transferring the vibration, generated by the vibration apparatus(es)  500 , to the display panel  210  in a state of maintaining the stiffness of the display panel  210 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The guide member  300  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a supporting part  310  and a side part  330 . For example, the guide member  300  may have a cross-sectional structure having a gamma shape (F) or a rotated L shape ( 1 ) based on a coupling structure of the supporting part  310  and the side part  330 . 
     The supporting part  310  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230 . For example, the supporting part  310  may be disposed between the rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210  and the front periphery portion of the backlight  230  and may support the rear periphery portion EP of the display panel  210 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the supporting part  310  may maintain an interval between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230 . For example, the supporting part  310  may provide the sound transfer space STS between the display panel  210  and the backlight  230 . For example, the supporting part  310  may have a tetragonal frame shape which includes an opening portion overlapping a center portion CP, other than the rear periphery portion EP, of the display panel  210 . However, a configuration of the supporting part  310  is not limited to this particular example. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second connection member  350  may be disposed at a front surface of the supporting part  310 , and the third connection member  370  may be disposed at a rear surface of the supporting part  310 . For example, the groove  390  may be disposed at the rear surface of the supporting part  310 . 
     The side part (or a guide sidewall)  330  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be connected to the supporting part  310  and may cover the side surface (or a lateral surface) of the backlight  230 . For example, the side part  330  may cover the side surface (or a lateral surface) of the first cover  400 . For example, the side part  330  may be bent from the supporting part  310  toward the side surface of the first cover  400  and may cover and support the side surface of the first cover  400 . 
     The first cover  400  may be configured to support the display member  200  and may be configured to cover a rear surface of the display member  200 . Also, the first cover  400  may be configured to support the vibration apparatus(es)  500 . The first cover  400  may function as a vibration plate. The first cover  400  may include a metal material or a metal alloy material. For example, the first cover  400  may include any one or more of an aluminum (Al) material, aa magnesium (Mg) material, a magnesium (Mg) alloy material, a magnesium-lithium (Mg—Li) alloy material, and an aluminum (Al) alloy material, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first cover  400  may be configured to include a rear portion  410  and a lateral portion  430 . The rear portion  410  may be configured to support a rear surface of the display member  200 . The lateral portion  430  may be connected to a periphery portion of the rear portion  410  and may cover a lateral surface of the display member  200 . However, a configuration of the first cover  400  is not limited to this particular example. 
     The rear portion  410  may be disposed to cover the rear surface of the display member  200  and may be configured to support the display member  200 . For example, the rear portion  410  may be formed in a plate structure. For example, the rear portion  410  may be configured to support the backlight  230  of the display member  200  and may support the vibration apparatus(es)  500 . For example, the rear portion  410  may directly contact a rear surface of the backlight  230 . For example, the rear portion  410  may directly contact a rear surface of a reflective sheet  235  of the backlight  230 . For example, the rear portion  410  may directly contact the rear surface of the backlight  230  and thus may transfer a vibration, generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus(es)  500 , to the backlight  230 . 
     The rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may include a middle region (or a first cover region) MA and a periphery region (or a second cover region) EA. For example, the middle region (or a first cover region) MA of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a center portion CP of the display member  200 . For example, the periphery region (or the second cover region) EA of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a periphery portion EP of the display member  200 . 
     The middle region MA of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may include a first middle region (or a left middle region) MA 1  and a second middle region (or a right middle region) MA 2 . For example, the first middle region (or the left middle region) MA 1  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a first center portion CP 1  of the display member  200 . For example, the second middle region (or the right middle region) MA 2  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a second center portion CP 2  of the display member  200 . 
     The periphery region EA of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may include a first periphery region (or a left periphery region) EA 1  and a second periphery region (or a right periphery region) EA 2 . For example, the first periphery region (or the left periphery region) EA 1  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a first periphery portion EP 1  of the display member  200 . For example, the second periphery region (or the right periphery region) EA 2  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ) may correspond to (or overlap) a second periphery portion EP 2  of the display member  200 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first middle region MA 1  and the first periphery region EA 1  may configure a first region (or a left region) A 1  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ). For example, the second middle region MA 2  and the second periphery region EA 2  may configure a second region (or a right region) A 2  of the rear portion  410  (or the first cover  400 ). For example, the first region A 1  may correspond to (or overlap) a first portion P 1  of the display member  200 , and the second region A 2  may correspond to (or overlap) a second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . 
     The lateral portion  430  may be disposed between the backlight  230  and the guide member  300 . For example, the lateral portion  430  may be disposed between a lateral surface of the backlight  230  and a lateral portion  330  of the guide member  300 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the lateral portion  430  may be connected to the backlight  230  by a fourth connection member  430   a . For example, the fourth connection member  430   a  may be disposed between the lateral portion  430  and the backlight  230 . For example, the lateral portion  430  may be connected to the guide member  300  by a fifth connection member  430   b . For example, the fifth connection member  430   b  may be disposed between the lateral portion  430  of the first cover  400  and the lateral portion  330  of the guide member  300 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the fourth connection member  430   a  and the fifth connection member  430   b  may include an acrylic-based or urethane-based adhesive member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the fourth connection member  430   a  and the fifth connection member  430   b  may include an acrylic-based adhesive material having a relatively strong adhesive force and relatively high hardness so that a vibration of the guide member  300  may be sufficiently transferred to the display panel  210 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  2  to  4   , the first cover  400  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more holes  411 . For example, the hole(s)  411  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     The hole(s)  411  may be disposed at the first cover  400  overlapping the vibration apparatus(es)  500 , and the rear surface of the backlight  230  may be exposed through the hole(s)  411 . For example, the hole(s)  411  may secure a vibration space of the first cover  400  through which a sound generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus(es)  500  may travel in a direction toward the front surface of the apparatus. For example, the reflective sheet  235  of the backlight  230  may be exposed in a direction toward a rear surface of the first cover  400  through the hole(s)  411 . For example, the hole(s)  411  may be disposed at each of the first region A 1  and the second region A 2  of the rear portion  410 . For example, the holes  411  in the first cover  400  may include a first hole  411 - 1  disposed at the first region A 1  and a second hole  411 - 2  disposed at the second region A 2 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first hole  411 - 1  in or through the first cover  400  may be disposed at the first middle region MA 1  or the first periphery region EA 1  or may be disposed over the first middle region MA 1  or the first periphery region EA 1 . For example, the second hole  411 - 2  in or through the first cover  400  may be disposed at the second middle region MA 2  or the second periphery region EA 2  or may be disposed over the second middle region MA 2  or the second periphery region EA 2 . 
     A hole  411  may provide a first gap space between the display member  200  and a vibration apparatus  500 . For example, the hole  411  may provide the first gap space between the backlight  230  of the display member  200  and the vibration apparatus  500 . For example, the hole  411  may provide the first gap space between the reflective sheet  235  of the backlight  230  and the vibration apparatus  500 . For example, the first gap space may be a vibration space based on driving of the vibration apparatus  500 , a sound pressure level space (or a sound portion) where a sound pressure level may be generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  500 , or a sound wave propagation path (or a sound energy incident portion) through which a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  500  may be directly propagated to the display member  200 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     A size (or a width) of the hole(s)  411  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be smaller than a size (or a width) of the vibration apparatus(es)  500 . In the event that a total size (or a total width) of a hole  411  is greater than a total size of the corresponding vibration apparatus  500 , the vibration apparatus  500  may be inserted (or accommodated) into the hole  411 . Thus, the vibration apparatus  500  may not be positioned at the rear portion  410  without using a separate mechanism. Therefore, in the event that the total size (or a total width) of the hole  411  is smaller than the total size of the corresponding vibration apparatus  500 , the vibration apparatus  500  may be positioned at the rear portion  410  to overlap the first hole  411  even without a separate mechanism. For example, the hole  411  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same shape as that of the vibration apparatus  500  or may have a tetragonal shape or a circular shape. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  3  and  4   , the first cover  400  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a reinforcement portion  450 . The reinforcement portion  450  may increase or complement the stiffness of the first cover  400 . For example, the reinforcement portion  450  may protrude rearward by a certain height from the rear portion  410 , thereby increasing or complementing the stiffness of the first cover  400 . For example, the reinforcement portion  450  may be a forming portion of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the reinforcement portion  450  may be formed along the periphery region EA of the rear portion  410 . For example, the reinforcement portion  450  may be formed at a region where the rear portion  410  is connected to the lateral portion  430 . For example, the reinforcement portion  450  may protrude in a rearward direction from a rear surface of the rear portion  410  to include an inclined surface inclined from an end or one side of the rear portion  410 . The lateral portion  430  may be connected to an end or one side of the reinforcement portion  450 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the reinforcement portion  450  may include a first reinforcement portion (or an inclined surface)  451  and a second reinforcement portion (or a flat surface)  453 . For example, the first reinforcement portion (or the inclined surface)  451  may be disposed (or extend) to be inclined in a rearward direction from one end or one side of the rear portion  410 . For example, the second reinforcement portion (or the flat surface)  453  may be disposed (or extend) horizontally in a first direction X toward the lateral portion  430  from an end or one side of the first reinforcement portion  451 . For example, an end or one side of the second reinforcement portion  453  may be connected to the lateral portion  430 . 
     A vibration apparatus  500  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400  and may vibrate the display member  200 . For example, the vibration apparatus  500  may be supported by the first cover  400 . For example, the vibration apparatus  500  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  to cover a hole  411  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     A vibration apparatus  500  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be a film type vibration apparatus. For example, the vibration apparatus  500  may be referred to as a piezoelectric device, a flexible sound generator, a flexible actuator, a flexible speaker, a flexible piezoelectric speaker, a film actuator, a film type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film type piezoelectric speaker, or a film type piezoelectric composite speaker, or the like. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration apparatus  500  may vibrate based on a driving signal including a haptic feedback signal or/and a sound signal to vibrate the display member  200 . Thus, the vibration apparatus  500  may generate a sound S based on a vibration of the display member  200  or may generate a haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration apparatus  500  may vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  to generate a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  or may generate a first haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch. For example, the vibration apparatus  500  may vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  to generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch. 
     The vibration apparatus(es)  500  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plurality of vibration apparatuses, for example, a first vibration apparatus  510  and a second vibration apparatus  530 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  may include at least one or more vibration devices, for example, a first vibration device  510 - 1 . For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may include one vibration device, e.g., the first vibration device  510 - 1 . The first vibration device  510 - 1  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be substantially the same as the first vibration apparatus  510 . 
     The second vibration apparatus  530  may include at least one or more vibration devices, for example a second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may include one vibration device, e.g., the second vibration device  530 - 1 . The second vibration device  530 - 1  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be substantially the same as the second vibration apparatus  530 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may include a plate  511  and a vibration generator  513 , and the second vibration device  530 - 1  may include a plate  531  and a vibration generator  533 . However, a configuration of each of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the second vibration device  530 - 1  is not limited thereto. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed in the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  (or the rear portion  410 ) and may cover the first hole  411 - 1  disposed at the first region A 1 . 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  based on a first driving signal including one or both of a haptic feedback signal and a sound signal to vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the first vibration apparatus  510  may generate a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  or may generate a first haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  to directly vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the first vibration apparatus  510  may generate a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band or may generate a first haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  to generate a sound pressure level in an inner region (or the first gap space) of the first hole  411 - 1  in or through the first cover  400 , in response to the first driving signal. Thus, the first vibration apparatus  510  may vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  to generate the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band or to generate the first haptic feedback. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the first vibration apparatus  510  vibrates based on the first driving signal, a sound pressure level may be generated in the inner region of the first hole  411 - 1  by a vibration of the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510 . A sound pressure level may be generated in the sound transfer space STS by a vibration of the backlight  230  based on the sound pressure level. Based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display panel  210  by the sound pressure level generated in the sound transfer space STS, the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band may be output in the forward direction FD of the display panel  210  or the first haptic feedback may be generated. For example, a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510  may be transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the first hole  411 - 1 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the first sound S 1  may be enhanced. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound wave generated based on the vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510  may be directly transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the first hole  411 - 1 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the first sound S 1  may be enhanced. 
     The second vibration apparatus  530  may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  based on a second driving signal including one or both of a haptic feedback signal and a sound signal to vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . Thus, the second vibration apparatus  530  may generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  to directly vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . Thus, the second vibration apparatus  530  may generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch. 
     The second vibration apparatus  530  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  to generate a sound pressure level in an inner region (or the first gap space) of the second hole  411 - 2  in or through the first cover  400 , in response to the second driving signal. Thus, the second vibration apparatus  530  may vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  to generate the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band or to generate the second haptic feedback. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, when the second vibration apparatus  530  vibrates based on the second driving signal, a sound pressure level may be generated in the inner region of the second hole  411 - 2  by a vibration of the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  based on a vibration of the second vibration apparatus  530 . A sound pressure level may be generated in the sound transfer space STS by a vibration of the backlight  230  based on the sound pressure level. Based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display panel  210  by the sound pressure level generated in the sound transfer space STS, the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band may be output in the forward direction FD of the display panel  210  or the second haptic feedback may be generated. For example, a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the second vibration apparatus  530  may be transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the second hole  411 - 2 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the second sound S 2  may be enhanced. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound wave generated based on the vibration of the second vibration apparatus  530  may be directly transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the second hole  411 - 2 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the second sound S 2  may be enhanced. 
     The plates  511  and  531  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by sixth and seventh connection members  515  and  535 , respectively. For example, the plates  511  and  531  may respectively cover the holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2  in or through the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the plates  511  and  531  may have a greater size (a greater width) than the holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2 , respectively. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the plate (or a first plate)  511  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the plate (or the first plate)  511  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the sixth connection member  515 . For example, the plate (or the first plate)  511  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may cover the first hole  411 - 1  of the rear portion  410 . For example, a size of the plate (or the first plate)  511  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be greater than or equal to that of a vibration generator (or a first vibration generator)  513 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the plate (or a second plate)  531  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the plate (or the second plate)  531  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the seventh connection member  535 . For example, the plate (or the second plate)  531  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may cover the second hole  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410 . For example, a size of the plate (or the second plate)  531  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be greater than or equal to that of a vibration generator (or a second vibration generator)  533 . 
     The plate (or the first plate)  511  may be a vibration plate which generates a sound pressure level in an inner region of the first hole  411 - 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . The plate (or the second plate)  531  may be a vibration plate which generates a sound pressure level in an inner region of the second hole  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410 . The plates  511  and  531  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include any one or more of metal materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), a Mg alloy, a magnesium-lithium (Mg—Li) alloy, and an Al alloy. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The sixth connection member  515  may be disposed between the plate  511  and the rear portion  410  near the first hole  411 - 1  and may connect (or fix) the vibration generator  513  to the rear portion  410 . The sixth connection member  515  may include a double-sided tape or a double-sided foam tape, which includes an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer of the sixth connection member  515  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include an acrylic-based or urethane-based adhesive member. For example, the adhesive layer of the sixth connection member  515  may include a urethane-based adhesive material which has a relatively ductile characteristic compared to an acrylic-based adhesive material having a relatively high hardness, so as to minimize the transfer of a vibration of the vibration generator  513  to the rear portion  410 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The seventh connection member  535  may be disposed between the plate  531  and the rear portion  410  near the second hole  411 - 2 . Therefore, the seventh connection member  535  may connect (or fix) the vibration generator  533  to the rear portion  410 . The seventh connection member  535  may include a double-sided tape or a double-sided foam tape, which includes an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer of the seventh connection member  535  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include an acrylic-based or urethane-based adhesive member. For example, the adhesive layer of the seventh connection member  535  may include a urethane-based adhesive material having a relatively ductile characteristic compared to an acrylic-based adhesive material having a relatively high hardness, so as to minimize the transfer of a vibration of the vibration generator  533  to the rear portion  410 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration generators  513  and  533  may be disposed at rear surfaces of the plates  511  and  531 , respectively. The vibration generators  513  and  533  may respectively be disposed at the plates  511  and  531  and may respectively vibrate the plates  511  and  531 . The vibration generators  513  and  533  may respectively overlap the first and second holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410 . For example, the vibration generators  513  and  533  may respectively be disposed at the rear surfaces of the plates  511  and  531  to respectively overlap the first and second holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410 . For example, the vibration generators  513  and  533  may be disposed at the plates  511  and  531  by eighth and ninth connection members  517  and  537 , respectively. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration generator (or a first vibration generator)  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first plate  511 . For example, the vibration generator (or the first vibration generator)  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first plate  511  by the eighth connection member  517 . For example, the vibration generator (or the first vibration generator)  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may overlap the first hole  411 - 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration generator (or a second vibration generator)  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second plate  531 . For example, the vibration generator (or the second vibration generator)  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the rear surface of the second plate  531  by the ninth connection member  537 . For example, the vibration generator (or the second vibration generator)  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may overlap the second hole  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second cover  700  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400 . The second cover  700  may accommodate (or receive) the display member  200  where one or more vibration apparatuses  500  are disposed (or coupled). The second cover  700  may cover the rear surface of the first cover  400 , a lateral surface of the first cover  400 , and a lateral surface of the display member  200 . For example, the second cover  700  may be referred to as a set cover, a rear set cover, an outermost cover, an outermost set cover, a product cover, or an outermost product cover, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second cover  700  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a rear structure  710  and a lateral structure  730 . 
     The rear structure  710  may be an outermost rear structure disposed at the rear surface of the electronic apparatus. For example, the rear structure  710  may support the display member  200  where one or more vibration apparatuses  500  are disposed and may cover the rear surface of the display member  200 . 
     The lateral structure  730  may be an outermost lateral structure disposed at a lateral surface of the electronic apparatus. For example, the lateral structure  730  may be connected to a periphery of the rear structure  710  and may cover at least one or more of the rear surface of the first cover  400 , the lateral surface of the second cover  700 , and the lateral surface of the display member  200 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  2   , the second cover  700  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a cover box  750 . For example, the cover box  750  may wholly accommodate (or receive) the vibration apparatus(es)  500  and may be implemented at the rear structure  710  to wholly cover the vibration apparatus(es)  500 . 
     For example, the cover box  750  may provide a closed space between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and the rear structure  710 , thereby enhancing a characteristic of a sound generated by the vibration apparatus(es)  500 . For example, the closed space provided by the cover box  750  may be used as a space for a resonance effect, and a sound pressure level generated by the vibration apparatus(es)  500  may be amplified based on the resonance effect in the cover box  750 . For example, the cover box  750  may be referred to as a sound box, a sound part, or a resonance portion, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic apparatus may include one or more enclosure members  600 . For example, the enclosure members  600  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, each enclosure member  600  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400  by a connection member (for example, a tenth connection member  651  shown in  FIG.  5    or an eleventh connection member  653  shown in  FIG.  6   ). For example, an enclosure member  600  may be disposed between the first cover  400  and the second cover  700 . For example, the enclosure member  600  may be disposed to cover a corresponding vibration apparatus  500  entirely. For example, the enclosure member  600  may cover a corresponding hole  411  disposed at the first cover  400 . For example, the enclosure member  600  may acoustically seal or separate a space where the corresponding vibration apparatus  500  is disposed. For example, one enclosure member  600  may acoustically seal or separate a space where a first vibration apparatus  510  is disposed. Another enclosure member  600  may acoustically seal or separate a space where a second vibration apparatus  530  is disposed. The enclosure members  600  may prevent or decrease interference between a sound generated in the space where the first vibration apparatus  510  is disposed and a sound generated in the space where the second vibration apparatus  530  is disposed, thereby preventing or decreasing a reduction in sound characteristic. An enclosure member  600  may be referred to as an enclosure, a rear enclosure, a vibration module box, a vibration module cover, a vibration box, or a sound box, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the enclosure member  600  may be a module frame member, a first member, or a second member and may be used in common, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the tenth and eleventh connection members  651  and  653  may include a double-sided tape or a double-sided foam tape, which includes an adhesive layer. The adhesive layer of the tenth and eleventh connection members  651  and  653  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include an acrylic-based or urethane-based adhesive member. 
     The enclosure members  600  may include a first enclosure member  610  and a second enclosure member  630 . The first enclosure member  610  and the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at the first region A 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may cover the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may cover the first hole  411 - 1  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have a tetragonal shape covering the first vibration apparatus  510 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first enclosure member  610  may have a shape which is the same as or different from that of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, where the first vibration apparatus  510  has a square shape, the first enclosure member  610  may have a square shape having a greater size (or a greater width) than the first vibration apparatus  510 , or may have a circular shape or an oval shape. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first enclosure member  610  may limit (or define) a vibration region (or a vibration area) of the display member  200  based on the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, in the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 , as a size of the first enclosure member  610  increases, a vibration region of the first portion P 1  may increase. Thus, a low-pitched sound band characteristic of a left sound may be enhanced. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 , as a size of the first enclosure member  610  decreases, the vibration region of the first portion P 1  may decrease. Thus, a high-pitched sound band characteristic of the left sound may be enhanced. Accordingly, a size of the first enclosure member  610  may be set based on a desired characteristic of a pitched sound band based on a vibration of the display member  200  based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the second region A 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may cover the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may cover the second hole  411 - 2  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have a tetragonal shape covering the second vibration apparatus  530 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second enclosure member  630  may have a shape which is the same as or different from that of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, where the second vibration apparatus  530  has a square shape, the second enclosure member  630  may have a square shape having a greater size (or a greater width) than the second vibration apparatus  530 , or may have a circular shape or an oval shape. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second enclosure member  630  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same shape as that of the first enclosure member  610  for symmetry between a left sound and a right sound. The second enclosure member  630  may have a symmetrical structure with the first enclosure member  610  with respect to a first center line CL 1  of the display member  200 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  may limit (or define) a vibration region (or a vibration area) of the display member  200  based on the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, in the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 , as a size of the second enclosure member  630  increases, a vibration region of the second portion P 2  may increase. Thus, a low-pitched sound band characteristic of a right sound may be enhanced. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 , as a size of the second enclosure member  630  decreases, the vibration region of the second portion P 2  may decrease. Thus, a high-pitched sound band characteristic of the right sound may be enhanced. Accordingly, a size of the second enclosure member  630  may be set based on a desired characteristic of a pitched sound band based on a vibration of the display member  200  based on a vibration of the second vibration apparatus  530 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  and the second enclosure member  630  may respectively define or limit vibration regions (or vibration areas) of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . Thus, horizontal symmetry between the left sound and the right sound generated based on a vibration of the display member  200  may be enhanced. Also, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or a reproduction pitched sound band of each of the left sound and the right sound may be optimized. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the plates  511  and  531 , the vibration generators  513  and  533 , and the enclosure members  610  and  630  may configure a vibration generating apparatus. For example, the first plate  511 , the first vibration generator  513 , and the first enclosure member  610  may configure a first vibration generating apparatus. For example, the second plate  531 , the second vibration generator  533 , and the second enclosure member  630  may configure a second vibration generating apparatus. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, because an enclosure member  600  is provided, an air impedance of the corresponding vibration apparatus  500  may be controlled, thereby providing an apparatus enabling a pitched sound band to extend. Also, an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a film type vibration apparatus. Also, an apparatus having enhanced sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound characteristic including a high-pitched sound band may be provided. In addition, a thickness of the apparatus may be reduced, thereby providing an apparatus having a slim structure. 
       FIG.  5    is an enlarged view of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   .  FIG.  6    is an enlarged view of a region “C” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  5  and  6   , the plates  511  and  531  may have a second thickness T 2  which is smaller than a first thickness T 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . Therefore, the vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  may enhance a sound S of a middle-high-pitched sound band where one or both of a sound pressure level characteristic and sound quality may be at least suitable. In the event that the second thickness T 2  of the plates  511  and  531  is thicker than the first thickness T 1  of the rear portion  410 , vibrations of the vibration generators  513  and  533  may not sufficiently propagate to inner regions of the first and second holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . The plates  511  and  531  may vibrate based on vibrations of the vibration generators  513  and  533  to generate a sound (or a sound pressure level) of a middle-high-pitched sound band of 3 kHz or more, and the generated sound may propagate to the inner regions of the first and second holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first enclosure member  610  may independently cover the first vibration apparatus  510  (in  FIG.  5   , the first vibration device  510 - 1 ) and may cover the first hole  411 - 1  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . Therefore, a first air gap AG 1  may be provided at the first enclosure member  610 . For example, an inner portion of the first enclosure member  610  may include a single space and may include two or more divided spaces. In the event that the first enclosure member  610  includes the two or more divided spaces, an inner region of the apparatus may be used. In the event that the first enclosure member  610  includes the two or more divided spaces, the two or more spaces may be connected (or communicated) to one another through a pipeline. For example, the first enclosure member  610  may have a sealed structure or a structure including a vent hole (for example, a vent structure). 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by a tenth connection member  651 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a bottom portion  611  and a lateral portion  613 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at the rear surface of a first vibration apparatus  510  (in  FIG.  5   , the first vibration device  510 - 1 ) and may cover the rear surface of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the lateral portion  613  of the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at a lateral surface of the first vibration apparatus  510  and may cover a lateral surface of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the lateral portion  613  may be connected to one side (or an end) of the bottom portion  611  and may be disposed along a periphery of the bottom portion  611 . For example, one side (or one end) of the lateral portion  613  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the tenth connection member  651 . For example, the bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610  may be referred to as a first bottom frame or a first bottom member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the lateral portion  613  of the first enclosure member  610  may be referred to as a sidewall portion, a first lateral frame, a first sidewall frame, or a first sidewall member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first enclosure member  610  may limit (or define) a vibration region (or a vibration area) of the display member  200  based on the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the first vibration device  510 - 1 ). For example, in the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 , as a size of the first enclosure member  610  increases, a vibration region of the first portion P 1  may increase. Thus, a low-pitched sound band characteristic of a left sound may be enhanced. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 , as a size of the first enclosure member  610  decreases, the vibration region of the first portion P 1  may decrease. Thus, a high-pitched sound band characteristic of the left sound may be enhanced. For example, a size of the first enclosure member  610  may be set based on a desired characteristic of a pitched sound band based on a vibration of the display member  200  based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the first vibration device  510 - 1 ). 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second enclosure member  630  may independently cover the second vibration apparatus  530  (in  FIG.  6   , the second vibration device  530 - 1 ) and may cover the second hole  411 - 2  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . Therefore, a second air gap AG 2  may be provided at the second enclosure member  630 . For example, an inner portion of the second enclosure member  630  may include a single space and may include two or more divided spaces. In the event that the second enclosure member  630  includes the two or more divided spaces, an inner region of the apparatus may be used. When the second enclosure member  630  includes the two or more divided spaces, the two or more spaces may be connected (or communicated) to one another through a pipeline. For example, the second enclosure member  630  may have a sealed structure or a structure including a vent hole (for example, a vent structure). 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by using an eleventh connection member  653 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same shape as that of the first enclosure member  610 , for symmetry between a left sound and a right sound. The second enclosure member  630  also may have a symmetrical structure with the first enclosure member  610  with respect to a first center line CL 1  of the display member  200 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a bottom portion  631  and a lateral portion  633 . 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the rear surface of the second vibration apparatus  530  (in  FIG.  6   , the second vibration device  530 - 1 ) and may cover the rear surface of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the lateral portion  633  of the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at a lateral surface of the second vibration apparatus  530  and may cover a lateral surface of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the lateral portion  633  may be connected to one side (or an end) of the bottom portion  631  and may be disposed along a periphery of the bottom portion  631 . For example, one side (or one end) of the lateral portion  633  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the eleventh connection member  653 . For example, the bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630  may be referred to as a second bottom frame or a second bottom member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the lateral portion  633  of the second enclosure member  630  may be referred to as a sidewall portion, a second lateral frame, a second sidewall frame, or a second sidewall member, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second enclosure member  630  may limit (or define) a vibration region (or a vibration area) of the display member  200  based on the second vibration apparatus  530  (in  FIG.  6   , the second vibration device  530 - 1 ). For example, in the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 , as a size of the second enclosure member  630  increases, a vibration region of the second portion P 2  may increase. Thus, a low-pitched sound band characteristic of a right sound may be enhanced. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 , as a size of the second enclosure member  630  decreases, the vibration region of the second portion P 2  may decrease. Thus, a high-pitched sound band characteristic of the right sound may be enhanced. For example, a size of the second enclosure member  630  may be set based on a desired characteristic of a pitched sound band based on a vibration of the display member  200  based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  530 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  and the second enclosure member  630  may limit a vibration region (or a vibration area) of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 , respectively. Thus, a horizontal symmetry between the left sound and the right sound generated based on a vibration of the display member  200  may be enhanced, and a sound pressure level characteristic and/or a reproduction pitched sound band of each of the left sound and the right sound may be optimized. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the plates  511  and  531 , the vibration generators  513  and  533 , and the enclosure members  610  and  630  may configure one or more vibration generating apparatuses. For example, the first plate  511 , the first vibration generator  513 , and the first enclosure member  610  may configure a first vibration generating apparatus. For example, the second plate  531 , the second vibration generator  533 , and the second enclosure member  630  may configure a second vibration generating apparatus. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates a vibration generator according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-IF illustrated in  FIG.  7   . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  7  and  8   , each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may alternately and/or repeatedly contract and expand based on a piezoelectric effect (or a piezoelectric characteristic) to vibrate. For example, each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  may alternately and/or repeatedly contract and expand based on an inverse piezoelectric effect to vibrate in a thickness direction Z, thereby directly vibrating the display member  200 . For example, each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  may have a tetragonal shape or a square shape, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     Each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration portion (or a vibration layer) PCL, a first electrode layer E 1 , and a second electrode layer E 2 . For example, a structure including the vibration portion PCL, the first electrode layer E 1 , and the second electrode layer E 2  may be referred to as a vibration device (or a vibrator) PCM. 
     The vibration portion PCL may include a piezoelectric material, a composite piezoelectric material, or an electroactive material. The piezoelectric material, the composite piezoelectric material, and the electroactive material may have a piezoelectric effect. The vibration portion PCL may be referred to as a vibration layer, a piezoelectric material layer, a piezoelectric composite layer, an electroactive layer, a piezoelectric material portion, a piezoelectric composite layer, an electroactive portion, a piezoelectric structure, a piezoelectric composite, or a piezoelectric ceramic composite, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration portion PCL according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a ceramic-based material capable of realizing a relatively high vibration. For example, the vibration portion PCL may include a 1-3 composite structure or a 2-2 composite structure. For example, a piezoelectric deformation coefficient “d 33 ” of the vibration portion PCL in a thickness direction Z may have 1,000 pC/N or more, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first electrode layer E 1  may be disposed at a first surface (or an upper or front surface) of the vibration portion PCL and may be electrically connected to the first surface of the vibration portion PCL. For example, the first electrode layer E 1  may have a single-body electrode shape (or a common electrode shape) which is disposed at a whole first surface of the vibration portion PCL. The first electrode layer E 1  according an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent (or translucent) conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, examples of the transparent conductive material or the semitransparent conductive material may include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The opaque conductive material may include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), or the like, or an alloy of any of these materials. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second electrode layer E 2  may be at a second surface (or a lower or rear surface) opposite to the first surface of the vibration portion PCL and may be electrically connected to the second surface of the vibration portion PCL. For example, the second electrode layer E 2  may have a single-body electrode shape (or a common electrode shape) which is disposed at a whole second surface of the vibration portion PCL. The second electrode layer E 2  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode layer E 2  may include the same material as the first electrode layer E 1 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode layer E 2  may include a material different from the first electrode layer E 1 . 
     The vibration portion PCL may be polarized (or poling) by a certain voltage applied to the first electrode layer E 1  and the second electrode layer E 2  in a certain temperature atmosphere, or in a temperature atmosphere that may be changed from a high temperature to a room temperature. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     Each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a first protection member  501  and a second protection member  502 . 
     The first protection member  501  may be disposed at the first surface of the vibration device PCM. For example, the first protection member  501  may cover the first electrode layer E 1  disposed at the first surface of the vibration device PCM. Thus, the first protection member  501  may support the first surface of the vibration device PCM and may protect the first surface of the vibration device PCM or the first electrode layer E 1 . 
     The first protection member  501  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed at the first surface of the vibration device PCM by a first adhesive layer  503 . For example, the first protection member  501  may be connected or attached to the first surface of the vibration device PCM by a film laminating process using the first adhesive layer  503 . 
     The second protection member  502  may be disposed at the second surface of the vibration device PCM. For example, the second protection member  502  may cover the second electrode layer E 2  disposed at the second surface of the vibration device PCM. Thus, the second protection member  502  may support the second surface of the vibration device PCM and may protect the second surface of the vibration device PCM or the second electrode layer E 2 . 
     The second protection member  502  may be disposed at the second surface of the vibration device PCM by a second adhesive layer  504 . For example, the second protection member  502  may be connected or attached to the second surface of the vibration device PCM by a film laminating process using the second adhesive layer  504 . 
     Each of the first protection member  501  and the second protection member  502  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a plastic film. For example, each of the first protection member  501  and the second protection member  502  may be a polyimide (PI) film or a polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) film, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first adhesive layer  503  may be disposed at the first surface of the vibration device PCM. For example, the first adhesive layer  503  may be formed at a rear surface (or an inner surface) of the first protection member  501  facing the first surface of the vibration device PCM and disposed at the first surface of the vibration device PCM. 
     The second adhesive layer  504  may be disposed at the second surface of the vibration device PCM. For example, the second adhesive layer  504  may be formed at a front surface (or an inner surface) of the second protection member  502  facing the second surface of the vibration device PCM and disposed at the second surface of the vibration device PCM. 
     The vibration device PCM may be surrounded by the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504 . For example, the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  may entirely surround the whole vibration device PCM. For example, the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  may be referred to as a cover member, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. Where each of the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  collectively form a cover member, the first protection member  501  may be disposed at a first surface of the cover member, and the second protection member  502  may be disposed at a second surface of the cover member. For example, for convenience of description, the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  are illustrated as first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and they may be provided as one adhesive layer. 
     Each of the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include an electrically insulating material having adhesiveness and may include a material capable of compression and decompression. For example, each of the first and second adhesive layers  503  and  504  may include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a silicone resin, or a urethane resin, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     Each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a first power supply line PL 1 , a second power supply line PL 2 , and a pad part  505 . 
     The first power supply line PL 1  may be disposed at the first protection member  501 . For example, the first power supply line PL 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first protection member  501  facing the first surface of the vibration device PCM. The first power supply line PL 1  may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer E 1  of the vibration device PCM. For example, the first power supply line PL 1  may be directly and electrically connected to the first electrode layer E 1  of the vibration device PCM. For example, the first power supply line PL 1  may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer E 1  of the vibration device PCM by an anisotropic conductive film. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first power supply line PL 1  may be electrically connected to the first electrode layer E 1  of the vibration device PCM by a conductive material (or particle) included in the first adhesive layer  503 . 
     The second power supply line PL 2  may be disposed at the second protection member  502 . For example, the second power supply line PL 2  may be disposed at a front surface of the second protection member  502  facing the second surface of the vibration device PCM. The second power supply line PL 2  may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer E 2  of the vibration device PCM. For example, the second power supply line PL 2  may be directly and electrically connected to the second electrode layer E 2  of the vibration device PCM. For example, the second power supply line PL 2  may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer E 2  of the vibration device PCM by an anisotropic conductive film. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second power supply line PL 2  may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer E 2  of the vibration device PCM by a conductive material (or particle) included in the second adhesive layer  504 . 
     The pad part  505  may be electrically connected to the first power supply line PL 1  and the second power supply line PL 2 . For example, a pad part  505  may be disposed at each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  to be electrically connected to one portion (or one end) of each of the first power supply line PL 1  and the second power supply line PL 2 . The pad part  505  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first pad electrode and a second pad electrode. The first pad electrode may be electrically connected to one portion of the first power supply line PL 1 . The second pad electrode may be electrically connected to one portion of the second power supply line PL 2 . 
     Each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a flexible cable  506 . 
     The flexible cable  506  may be electrically connected to the pad part  505  disposed at the vibration generators  513  and  533  and may supply a driving signal (or a sound signal) provided from a sound processing circuit to the vibration device PCM. The flexible cable  506  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first terminal and a second terminal. A first terminal may be electrically connected to the first pad electrode of the pad part  505 . The second terminal may be electrically connected to the second pad electrode of the pad part  505 . For example, the flexible cable  506  may be configured as a flexible printed circuit cable or a flexible flat cable, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The sound processing circuit (or a vibration driving circuit) may generate an alternating current (AC) vibration driving signal including a first polarity driving signal and a second polarity driving signal based on a sound source. The first polarity driving signal may be one of a positive (+) driving signal and a negative (−) driving signal, and the second polarity driving signal may be one of a positive (+) driving signal and a negative (−) driving signal. For example, the first polarity driving signal may be supplied to the first electrode layer E 1  of each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  through the first terminal of the flexible cable  506 , the first pad electrode of the pad part  505 , and the first power supply line PL 1 . The second polarity driving signal may be supplied to the second electrode layer E 2  of each of the vibration generators  513  and  533  through the second terminal of the flexible cable  506 , the second pad electrode of the pad part  505 , and the second power supply line PL 2 . 
       FIGS.  9 A to  9 F  illustrate a vibration portion of a vibration generator according to example embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     The vibration portion PCL according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may include a plurality of first portions PCLa and a plurality of second portions PCLb between the plurality of first portions PCLa. The first portion PCLa may include an inorganic material, and the second portion PCLb may include an organic material. The first portion PCLa and the second portion PCLb may be connected to each other on a plane. Thus, the first and second, vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  (including, e.g., the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the second vibration device  530 - 1 ) may be implemented as one film. Based on such a configuration, since the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  may be implemented as one film, the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  having a small thickness may be implemented in comparison to a structure where a plurality of piezoelectric elements are stacked. Accordingly, an increase in thickness of a display apparatus caused by the arrangement of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  may be reduced. 
     Each of the plurality of first portions PCLa according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may include an inorganic material or a piezoelectric material and may vibrate based on a piezoelectric effect (or a piezoelectric characteristic) caused by an electric field. For example, each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may be referred to as an electroactive portion, an inorganic material portion, a piezoelectric material portion, or a vibration portion, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to example embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may include a ceramic-based material configured to generate a relatively high vibration or may include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystalline structure. The perovskite crystalline structure may have a piezoelectric effect and an inverse piezoelectric effect, and may be a structure having an orientation. The perovskite crystalline structure may be represented by a chemical formula “ABO 3 ”. In the chemical formula, “A” may include a divalent metal element, and “B” may include a tetravalent metal element. For example, in the chemical formula “ABO 3 ”, “A” and “B” may be cations, and “O” may be anions. For example, the chemical formula “ABO 3 ” may include at least one or more of lead(II) titanate (PbTiO 3 ), lead zirconate (PbZrO 3 ), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), and strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     In an example where the perovskite crystalline structure includes a center ion (for example, PbTiO 3 , e.g., lead (II) titanate, lead titanium oxide, or lead titanate with a perovskite structure), a position of a titanium (Ti) ion may be changed by an external stress or a magnetic field. Thus, polarization may be changed, thereby generating a piezoelectric effect. For example, in the perovskite crystalline structure, a cubic shape corresponding to a symmetric structure may be changed to a tetragonal (or quadrilateral), orthorhombic, or rhombohedral structure corresponding to an unsymmetric structure. Thus, a piezoelectric effect may be generated. In a tetragonal, orthorhombic, or rhombohedral structure corresponding to an unsymmetric structure, polarization may be relatively high in a morphotropic phase boundary, and realignment of polarization may be relatively easy, whereby the perovskite crystalline structure may have a relatively high piezoelectric characteristic. 
     For example, an inorganic material included in each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may include one or more materials of lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and indium (In), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For another example, the inorganic material included in each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may include a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material, including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or may include a lead zirconate nickel niobate (PZNN)-based material, including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb). However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic material included in each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may include a lead magnesium niobate (PMN)-based material, a lead nickel niobate (PNN)-based material, a lead zirconate niobate (PZN)-based material, or a lead indium niobate (PIN)-based material, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The PMN-based material may include Pb, Mg, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(Mg, Nb)O 3 . The PNN-based material may include Pb, Ni, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(Ni, Nb)O 3 . The PIN-based material may include Pb, In, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(In, Nb)O 3 . According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the inorganic material may include at least one or more of calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 ), BaTiO 3 , and SrTiO 3  without Pb, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The plurality of second portions PCLb according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may have modulus (or Young&#39;s modulus) and viscoelasticity that are lower than those of the first portion PCLa. Thus, the second portions PCLb may enhance the reliability of the first portions PCLa vulnerable to an impact due to a relatively fragile characteristic. For the vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  to have an impact resistance and high stiffness, each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may include a material having a relatively high damping factor (tan δ) and relatively high stiffness. For example, each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may include a material having a damping factor (tan δ) of about 0.1 GPa (gigapascals) to about 1 GPa (gigapascals) and relatively high stiffness of about 0 GPa (gigapascals) to about 10 GPa (gigapascals). Also, a damping factor (tan δ) and a stiff characteristic may be described based on a correlation between a loss coefficient and modulus. For example, the plurality of second portions PCLb may include a material having a loss coefficient of about 0.01 to about 1.0 and modulus of about 0.1 GPa (gigapascals) to about 10 GPa (gigapascals). 
     The organic material in each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may include an organic material or an organic polymer having a flexible characteristic in comparison with the inorganic material of each of the first portions PCLa. For example, each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may include an organic material, an organic polymer, an organic piezoelectric material, or an organic non-piezoelectric material. For example, each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may be referred to as an adhesive portion, an elastic portion, a bending portion, a damping portion, or a flexible portion having flexibility, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     An organic material according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one of an organic piezoelectric material and an organic non-piezoelectric material. 
     An organic material including an organic piezoelectric material may absorb an impact applied to an inorganic material (or a first portion PCLa). Thus, the organic material portion may enhance the total durability of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  and may provide a piezoelectric characteristic corresponding to a certain level or more. The organic piezoelectric material according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be an organic material having an electro active characteristic. An organic material including an organic non-piezoelectric material may be configured to include a curable resin composition and an adhesive including the curable resin composition. Thus, the organic material may absorb an impact applied to an inorganic material (or a first portion PCLa), thereby enhancing the total durability of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . The organic non-piezoelectric material according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include at least one or more of an epoxy-based polymer, an acrylic-based polymer, and a silicone-based polymer, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, an organic material including an organic non-piezoelectric material may include an adhesion promoter or an adhesion enhancing agent for adhesiveness between epoxy resin and an inorganic material portion, for a high stiffness characteristic for the vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . For example, the adhesion promoter may be phosphate or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The organic material may be cured by at least one of a thermal curing process and a photo-curing process. In a process of curing the organic material, a solvent free type epoxy resin may be used for avoiding or preventing reduction in the thickness uniformity of the vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  due to contraction of the organic material caused by volatilization of a solvent. 
     According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the organic material including the organic non-piezoelectric material may further include a reinforcing agent, e.g., for a damping characteristic in addition to high stiffness of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . For example, the reinforcing agent may be methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS) or the like having a core shell type, and a content thereof may be about 5 wt % to about 40 wt %. The reinforcing agent may be an elastic body having the core shell type, and the shell portion may have a high coupling force to epoxy resin, such as an acrylic-based polymer. Thus, the reinforcing agent may enhance an impact resistance or a damping characteristic of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . 
     The plurality of first portions PCLa and the plurality of second portions PCLb of the vibration portion PCL according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may be alternately and repeatedly arranged in a first direction X (or in a second direction Y). For example, the first direction X may be a widthwise direction of the vibration portion PCL, and the second direction Y may be a lengthwise direction of the vibration portion PCL. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first direction X may be the lengthwise direction of the vibration portion PCL, and the second direction Y may be the widthwise direction of the vibration portion PCL. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B , each of a plurality of first portions PCLa may be disposed between two adjacent second portions PCLb of a plurality of second portions PCLb. For example, each of the plurality of first portions PCLa may have a first width parallel to a first direction X and may have a length parallel to a second direction Y. Each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may have a second width parallel to the first direction X and may have a length parallel to the second direction Y. For example, the first width may be greater than the second width. For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa and the plurality of second portions PCLb may have the same size (or width) or different sizes (or widths), may be alternately and repeatedly arranged in the first direction X (or in the second direction Y), and may have a line shape or a stripe shape. Therefore, a vibration portion PCL illustrated in  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B  may have a 2-2 composite structure and thus may have a resonance frequency of 20 kHz or less. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto, and a resonance frequency of the vibration portion PCL may vary based on at least one or more of a shape, a length, and a thickness of the vibration portion PCL. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of first portions PCLa may be disposed spaced apart from one another along the first direction X and the second direction Y, and each of the plurality of second portions PCLb may be disposed to fill a gap between adjacent first portions PCLa or to surround each of the plurality of first portions PCLa (see, for example,  FIGS.  9 C,  9 D,  9 E, and  9 F ). For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa may be disposed in a lattice shape to have the same size ( FIG.  9 C ). For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa may have a planar structure having a circular shape ( FIG.  9 D ). For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa may have a circular shape ( FIG.  9 D ), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa may have a planar structure having an oval shape, a polygonal shape, or a donut shape. For example, the plurality of first portions PCLa may have a planar structure having a triangular shape ( FIGS.  9 E and  9 F ). 
     The plurality of first portions PCLa and the plurality of second portions PCLb may be disposed at (or connected to) the same plane. Thus, the vibration portion PCL according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may have a single thin film-type. For example, the vibration portion PCL may be vibrated in a vertical direction (or upper and lower direction or a thickness direction) by the first portions PCLa having a vibration characteristic and may be bent in a curved shape by the second portions PCLb having flexibility or ductility. Also, in the vibration portion PCL according to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a size of the first portion PCLa and a size of the second portion PCLb may be adjusted based on a piezoelectric characteristic and flexibility needed for the vibration portion PCL. For example, in a case where the vibration portion PCL needs a piezoelectric characteristic more than flexibility, a size of the first portion PCLa may be adjusted to be greater than the second portion PCLb. In another example embodiment of the present disclosure, in a case where the vibration portion PCL needs flexibility more than a piezoelectric characteristic, a size of the second portion PCLb may be adjusted to be greater than the first portion PCLa. Accordingly, a size of the vibration portion PCL may be adjusted based on a characteristic needed therefor. Thus, a design of the vibration portion PCL may be readily adjusted based on a particular need or application. 
       FIGS.  10  and  11    are additional example enlarged views of a region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   . 
       FIGS.  10  and  11    illustrate example embodiments where the first plate  511  of the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the first vibration device  510 - 1 ) illustrated in  FIG.  3    is modified. The following description may focus more on modified and relevant elements, and redundant descriptions of the same or similar elements discussed above may be briefly given or may be omitted. A description of the first plate  511  given above with reference to  FIGS.  10  and  11    may be identically or similarly applied to the second plate  531  of the second vibration apparatus  530  (or the second vibration device  530 - 1 ). 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  10  and  11   , a first plate  511  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may have a shape which is convexly or concavely bent. A bending direction of the first plate  511  may be one or more of a long-axis direction, a short-axis direction, and a diagonal direction. For example, a portion of the first plate  511  corresponding to (or overlapping) a first hole  411 - 1  may have a convex shape or a concave shape. For example, as illustrated in  FIG.  10   , a portion of the first plate  511  corresponding to (or overlapping) the first hole  411 - 1  may be bent toward the first hole  411 - 1 . Alternatively, as illustrated in  FIG.  11   , a portion of the first plate  511  corresponding to (or overlapping) the first hole  411 - 1  may be bent away from or bent in an opposite direction of the first hole  411 - 1 . 
     A second plate  531  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same shape as that of the first plate  511 . For example, the second plate  531  may have a shape which is convexly or concavely bent like the first plate  511 . For example, a bending direction of the second plate  531  may be one or more of a long-axis direction, a short-axis direction, and a diagonal direction. For example, a portion of the second plate  531  corresponding to (or overlapping) a second hole  411 - 2  may have a convex shape or a concave shape. For example, a portion of the second plate  531  corresponding to (or overlapping) the second hole  411 - 2  may be bent toward the second hole  411 - 2 . As another example, a portion of the second plate  531  corresponding to (or overlapping) the second hole  411 - 2  may be bent away from or bent in an opposite direction of the second hole  411 - 2 . 
       FIG.  12    is another example enlarged view of the region “B” illustrated in  FIG.  3   .  FIG.  13    is another example enlarged view of the region “C” illustrated in  FIG.  3   .  FIG.  12    illustrates an example embodiment where the first plate  511  of the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the first vibration device  510 - 1 ) in  FIG.  3    is modified.  FIG.  13    illustrates an example embodiment where the second plate  531  of the second vibration apparatus  530  (or the second vibration device  530 - 1 ) in FIG. is modified  3 . The following description may focus more on modified and relevant elements, and redundant descriptions of the same or similar elements discussed above may be briefly given or may be omitted. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  12  and  13   , a first plate  511  and a second plate  531  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may respectively include third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a . For example, the third hole  511   a  of the first plate  511  illustrated in  FIG.  12    may be applied to the first plate  511  of  FIG.  10   , and the fourth hole  531   a  of the second plate  531  illustrated in  FIG.  13    may be applied to the second plate  531  illustrated in  FIG.  11   . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may respectively be disposed at the plates  511  and  531  and correspond to (or overlapping) the first and second holes  411 - 1  and  411 - 2 . For example, the third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may increase displacement amounts of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 , respectively. For example, the third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may be disposed based on a sound characteristic needed or suitable for the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 , respectively. For example, the number, shapes, lengths, and widths of third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may be changed based on the sound characteristic needed or suitable for the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 , respectively. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a total area of the third hole or holes  511   a  disposed at the first plate  511  of the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the first vibration device  510 - 1 ) may be the same as or different from a total area of the fourth hole or holes  531   a  disposed at the second plate  531  of the second vibration apparatus  530  (or the second vibration device  530 - 1 ). 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the number, shape, length, and width of the third holes  511   a  disposed at the first plate  511  may be the same as the number, shape, length, and width of the fourth holes  531   a  disposed at the second plate  531 . For example, at least one or more of the number, shape, length, and width of the third holes  511   a  may be the different from the number, shape, length, and width of the fourth holes  531   a.    
     The third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may adjust displacement amounts of the first and second plates  511  and  531 , respectively. Therefore, the third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a  may respectively be disposed in the plates  511  and  531  based on the sound characteristic needed or suitable for the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530 . Thus, the electronic apparatus may generate a sound having a desired sound characteristic. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the eighth and ninth connection members  517  and  537  may overlap or may not overlap the third and fourth holes  511   a  and  531   a , respectively. 
       FIG.  14    is an exploded view of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  15    is another cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1    with respect to a connection structure of the example apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  14   .  FIG.  16    is an enlarged view of a region “D” illustrated in  FIG.  15   . 
     The apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  14  to  16    may be implemented by modifying a first cover, one or more vibration apparatuses, and one or more enclosure members in the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  1  to  13   . The following description may focus more on modified and relevant elements, and redundant descriptions of the same or similar elements discussed above may be briefly given or may be omitted. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  14  to  16   , a first cover  400  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include on or more holes  413  disposed at a rear portion  410  thereof. For example, the holes  413  may increase the amount of sound generated based on vibrations of the first and second vibration apparatuses  510  and  530  and transmitted to a front surface of the apparatus. For example, the holes  413  may be disposed at the first cover  400  overlapping the vibration apparatuses  500 , and a rear surface of a backlight  230  may be exposed through the holes  413 . For example, a rear surface of a backlight  230  may be exposed to the first and second vibrating apparatuses  510  and  530  through the holes  413 . For example, a reflective sheet  235  of the backlight  230  may be exposed through the holes  413  in a direction toward a rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, a reflective sheet  235  of the backlight  230  may be exposed to the first and second vibrating apparatuses  510  and  530  through the holes  413 . For example, the holes  413  may be disposed at each of a first region A 1  and a second region A 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the holes  413  may include a first hole  413 - 1  and a second hole  413 - 2  through the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first hole  413 - 1  may be disposed at a first region A 1 . For example, the second hole  413 - 2  may be disposed at a second region A 2 . For example, the first hole  413 - 1  may be disposed at or over a first middle region MA 1  or a first periphery region EA 1 . For example, the second hole  413 - 2  may be disposed at or over the second middle region MA 2  or the second periphery region EA 2 . 
     A hole  413  may provide a second gap space between a display member  200  and a corresponding vibration apparatus  500 . For example, the hole  413  may provide the second gap space between the backlight  230  of the display member  200  and the vibration apparatus  500 . For example, the second gap space may be referred to as a vibration space based on driving of the vibration apparatus  500 , on a sound pressure level space (or a sound portion) where a sound pressure level is generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  500 , or on a sound wave propagation path (or a sound energy incident portion) through which a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  500  is directly propagated to the display member  200 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration apparatuses  500  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first vibration apparatus  510  (including, e.g., a first vibration device  510 - 1 ) in a first region A 1  and a second vibration apparatus  530  (including, e.g., a second vibration device  530 - 1 ) in a second region A 2 . However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed at a rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  and may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  in response to a first driving signal to vibrate a first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the first vibration apparatus  510  may generate a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  or may generate a first haptic feedback (or a first haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  may include a first vibration device  510 - 1 , a third vibration device  510 - 2 , and a first support member  510 - 3 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed adjacent to each other. For example, the first support member  510 - 3  may be a first guide member or a first member and may be used in common. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be applied to be compatible to each other. For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first cover  400 . 
     The first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the first region A 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  based on a first driving signal including a haptic feedback signal or/and a sound signal to vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may generate the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  or may generate the first haptic feedback (or the first haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  to directly vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may generate the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  or may generate the first haptic feedback (or the first haptic vibration) in response to the touch. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be a film type vibration apparatus. For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be referred to as a flexible sound generator, a flexible actuator, a flexible speaker, a flexible piezoelectric speaker, a film actuator, a film type piezoelectric composite actuator, a film speaker, a film type piezoelectric speaker, or a film type piezoelectric composite speaker, or the like. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     In comparison with the first vibration device  510 - 1  (of the first vibration apparatus  510 ) according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure configured to cover the first hole  411 - 1  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  illustrated in  FIGS.  1 - 13    above, except for that the first vibration device  510 - 1  here according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure not covering a hole disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 , the first vibration device  510 - 1  here according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may have the same or similar configuration as that of the first vibration device  510 - 1  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  1 - 13   . Thus, redundant descriptions may be omitted or be briefly provided below. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in  FIGS.  15  and  16   , the first vibration device  510 - 1  may include a first plate  511 , disposed at a rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by a sixth connection member  515 , and a first vibration generator  513  disposed at a rear surface of the first plate  511  by an eighth connection member  517 . For example, positions of the first plate  511  and the first vibration generator  513  may be changed. For example, the first vibration device  510 - 1  may include the first vibration generator  513  disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the sixth connection member  515  and the first plate  511  disposed at the rear surface of the first vibration generator  513  by the eighth connection member  517 . 
     The third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  to cover the first hole  413 - 1 . For example, the first support member  510 - 3  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured such that the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first support member  510 - 3 . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first support member  510 - 3  by a twelfth connection member  510 - 3   c . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be a coil type vibration apparatus (or vibration generator) and may be a vibration apparatus (or a vibration generator) including a magnet, a bobbin, and a coil wound around the bobbin. For example, the twelfth connection member  510 - 3   c  may be disposed between the rear surface of the first support member  510 - 3  and the third vibration device  510 - 2 . 
     The coil type vibration apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a frame (or a plate), a center pole, and a damper. The magnet (or a permanent magnet) may be disposed at the frame so as to be accommodated into a hollow portion of the bobbin. The coil may be wound to surround an outer perimeter of the bobbin. For example, the coil may be supplied with a sound signal (or a voice signal) from an external source. The coil may be raised and lowered together with an elevation of the bobbin. When the sound signal is applied to the coil, the bobbin may vibrate (for example, perform a vertical reciprocating motion) based on Fleming&#39;s left hand rule based on an application electric field generated around the coil and an external magnetic field formed around the magnet. The center pole may be disposed on the magnet and may guide a vibration of the bobbin. For example, the center pole may be inserted (or accommodated) into a hollow portion of the bobbin and thus may be surrounded by the bobbin. For example, the center pole may be disposed on the magnet so as to be accommodated into the hollow portion of the bobbin. For example, the damper may be disposed between the frame and the bobbin. The damper may have a creased structure between one side and the other side thereof and may be contracted and relaxed based on a vibration of the bobbin. For example, the damper may limit a vibration distance (for example, a vertical movement distance) of the bobbin with a restoring force thereof. For example, in the event that the bobbin vibrates by a certain distance or more or vibrates by a certain distance or less, the bobbin may be restored to an original position by the restoring force of the damper. However, a configuration of the coil type vibration apparatus is not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a displacement amount of the third vibration device  510 - 2  may increase in a low-pitched sound. Thus, the hole  413  (or the first hole  413 - 1 ) may secure a vibration space between the first vibration apparatus  510  and an optical sheet part  237 . For example, in order to decrease a height of the apparatus based on the third vibration device  510 - 2 , the enclosure member  610  may be implemented so that the bobbin of the third vibration device  510 - 2  is exposed at the first hole  413 - 1  or is inserted (or accommodated) into the first hole  413 - 1 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  based on a third driving signal including a haptic feedback signal or/and a sound signal. Accordingly, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may vibrate the first region A 1  of the display member  200  to vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may generate a first sound S 1  of a first pitched sound band based on a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display member  200  or may generate a first haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. 
     The third vibration device  510 - 2  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may vibrate the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  in response to a third driving signal, thereby generating a sound pressure level in an inner region (or a second gap space) of the first hole  413 - 1 . Accordingly, the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band may be generated by vibrating the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, when the third vibration device  510 - 2  vibrates based on the third driving signal, a sound pressure level may be generated in the inner region of the first hole  413 - 1  by a vibration of the first region A 1  of the first cover  400  based on a vibration of the third vibration device  510 - 2 . A sound pressure level may be generated in a sound transfer space STS by a vibration of the backlight  230  based on the sound pressure level. Based on the sound pressure level generated in the sound transfer space STS, the first sound S 1  of the first pitched sound band generated by a vibration of the first portion P 1  of the display panel  210  may be output in a forward direction FD of the display panel  210 . Accordingly, a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be directly transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the first hole  413 - 1 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the first sound S 1  may be enhanced. 
     The first support member  510 - 3  may be disposed between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the first support member  510 - 3  may support the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the first support member  510 - 3  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by a thirteenth connection member  510 - 3   d.    
     The first support member  510 - 3  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a fifth hole  510 - 3   a  and a sixth hole  510 - 3   b.    
     The fifth hole  510 - 3   a  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may correspond to (or overlap) the position of the first vibration device  510 - 1 . For example, the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  may have the same or similar shape as that of the first vibration device  510 - 1 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, a size (or a width) of the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  may be the same as that of the first vibration device  510 - 1 , or may be greater than that of the first vibration device  510 - 1 . For example, the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  may provide a displacement space of the first vibration device  510 - 1  so that a displacement amount of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may increase. For example, the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  may be covered by the first plate  511  of the first vibration device  510 - 1 . For example, the vibration generator  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at the first plate  511 . For example, the vibration generator  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first plate  511 . 
     The sixth hole  510 - 3   b  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may correspond to (or overlap) the first hole  413 - 1  of the first cover  400 . For example, the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may correspond to (or overlap) the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may have the same or similar shape as that of the first hole  413 - 1  of the first cover  400 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, a size (or a width) of the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may be the same as or different from that of the first hole  413 - 1  of the first cover  400 . For example, a size of the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may be smaller than or greater than that of the first hole  413 - 1 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may be covered by the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first support member  510 - 3  and may cover the sixth hole  510 - 3   b . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may output a second sound pressure level through the sixth hole  510 - 3   b . For example, the third vibration device  510 - 2  may output a sound of a low-pitched sound band through sixth hole  510 - 3   b , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first support member  510 - 3  may be accommodated (or received) into the first enclosure member  610  and may support at least one or more of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the first support member  510 - 3  may be connected or coupled to at least a portion of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first support member  510 - 3  may be referred to as a first member, a first supporting member, a first supporting frame, a first supporting panel, a first guide panel, or a first guider, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a portion of the first support member  510 - 3  disposed between the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  and the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  may acoustically separate a space where the first vibration apparatus  510 - 1  is disposed and a space where the third vibration device  510 - 2  is disposed. Accordingly, interference between a first sound pressure level (or a sound wave) generated based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus  510 - 1  and a second sound pressure level (or a sound wave) generated based on a vibration of the third vibration device  510 - 2  and different from the first sound pressure level may be prevented or reduced, thereby preventing or decreasing a reduction in sound quality or characteristic. 
     The first vibration apparatus  510  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed at the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  and may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  in response to a third driving signal to vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . Thus, the second vibration apparatus  530  may generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a second haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. 
     The second vibration apparatus  530  may include a second vibration device  530 - 1 , a fourth vibration device  530 - 2 , and a second support member  530 - 3 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the fourth vibration apparatus  530 - 2  may be disposed adjacent to each other. For example, the second support member  530 - 3  may be a second guide member or a second member and may be used in common. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the second region A 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  based on a third driving signal including a haptic feedback signal or/and a sound signal to vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . Thus, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may generate the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate the second haptic feedback (or the second haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. For example, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  to directly vibrate the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . Thus, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may generate the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate the second haptic feedback (or the second haptic vibration) in response to the touch. 
     The second vibration device  530 - 1  may be configured in a substantially same or similar manner as the first vibration device  510 - 1 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in  FIGS.  15  and  16   , the second vibration device  530 - 1  may include a second plate  531 , disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by using a seventh connection member  535 , and a second vibration generator  533  disposed at a rear surface of the second plate  531  by using a ninth connection member  537 . For example, positions of the second plate  531  and the second vibration generator  533  may be changed. For example, the second vibration device  530 - 1  may include the second vibration generator  533  disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by using the seventh connection member  535  and the second plate  531  disposed on the rear surface of the second vibration generator  533  by the ninth connection member  537 . 
     The fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  to cover the second hole  413 - 2 . For example, the second support member  530 - 3  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured such that the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second support member  530 - 3 . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second support member  530 - 3  by a fourteenth connection member  530 - 3   c . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be a coil type vibration apparatus (or vibration generator) and may be a vibration apparatus (or a vibration generator) including a magnet, a bobbin, and a coil wound around the bobbin. For example, the fourteenth connection member  530 - 3   c  may be disposed between the rear surface of the second support member  530 - 3  and the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  based on a fourth driving signal including a haptic feedback signal or/and a sound signal. Accordingly, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch, for example, by a user. For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may directly vibrate the first portion P 1  of the display member  200 . Thus, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may generate a second sound S 2  of a second pitched sound band based on a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display member  200  or may generate a second haptic feedback (or a haptic vibration) in response to a touch. 
     The fourth vibration device  530 - 2  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may vibrate the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  in response to a fourth driving signal, thereby generating a sound pressure level in an inner region (or a second gap space) of the second hole  413 - 2 . Accordingly, the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band may be generated by vibrating the second portion P 2  of the display member  200 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, when the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  vibrates based on the fourth driving signal, a sound pressure level may be generated in the inner region of the second hole  413 - 2  by a vibration of the second region A 2  of the first cover  400  based on a vibration of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . A sound pressure level may be generated in a sound transfer space STS by a vibration of the backlight  230  based on the sound pressure level. Based on the sound pressure level generated in the sound transfer space STS, the second sound S 2  of the second pitched sound band generated by a vibration of the second portion P 2  of the display panel  210  may be output in a forward direction FD of the display panel  210 . Accordingly, a sound wave generated based on a vibration of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be directly transferred (or propagated) to the display member  200  through the second hole  413 - 2 . Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound quality of the second sound S 2  may be enhanced. 
     The second support member  530 - 3  may be disposed between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the second support member  530 - 3  may support the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the second support member  530 - 3  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by a fifteenth connection member  530 - 3   d.    
     The second support member  530 - 3  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include a seventh hole  530 - 3   a  and an eighth hole  530 - 3   b.    
     The seventh hole  530 - 3   a  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may correspond to (or overlap) the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  may have the same or similar shape as that of the second vibration device  530 - 1 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, a size (or a width) of the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  may be equal to that of the second vibration device  530 - 1 , or may be greater than that of the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  may provide a displacement space of the second vibration device  530 - 1  so that a displacement amount of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may increase. For example, the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  may be covered by the second plate  531  of the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, the vibration generator  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at the second plate  531 . For example, the vibration generator  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second plate  531 . 
     The eighth hole  530 - 3   b  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may correspond to (or overlap) the second hole  413 - 2  of the first cover  400 . For example, the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may correspond to (or overlap) the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may have the same shape as that of the second hole  413 - 2  of the first cover  400 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, a size (or a width) of the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may be the same as or different from that of the second hole  413 - 2  of the first cover  400 . For example, a size of the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may be smaller than or greater than that of the second hole  413 - 2 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may be covered by the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second support member  530 - 3  and may cover the eighth hole  530 - 3   b . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may output a second sound pressure level through the eighth hole  530 - 3   b . For example, the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may output a sound of a low-pitched sound band through eighth hole  530 - 3   b , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second support member  530 - 3  may be accommodated (or received) into the second enclosure member  630  and may support one or more of the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the second support member  530 - 3  may be connected or coupled to at least a portion of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second support member  530 - 3  may be referred to as a second member, a second supporting member, a second supporting frame, a second supporting panel, a second guide panel, or a second guider, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a portion of the second support member  530 - 3  disposed between the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  and the eighth hole  530 - 3   b  may acoustically separate a space where the second vibration device  530 - 1  is disposed and a space where the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  is disposed. Accordingly, interference between a sound pressure level (or a sound wave) generated based on a vibration of the second vibration device  530 - 1  and a sound pressure level (or a sound wave) generated based on a vibration of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be prevented or reduced, thereby preventing or decreasing a reduction in sound quality or characteristic. 
     An enclosure member  600  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented by modifying the enclosure member  600  according to an above example embodiment of the present disclosure. Except for that the enclosure member  600  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure including a through hole  670 , the enclosure member  600  here according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may be the same as or similar to the enclosure member  600  according to an above example embodiment of the present disclosure (as illustrated, e.g., in  FIGS.  1 - 13   ). Thus, redundant descriptions may be omitted or be briefly provided below. 
     An enclosure member  600  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may be disposed at the rear surface of the first cover  400 . For example, one or more enclosure members  600  may overlap each of the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  and the sixth hole  510 - 3   b  and may overlap each of the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  and the eighth hole  530 - 3   b . The enclosure members  600  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first enclosure member  610  and a second enclosure member  630 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  may cover all of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may cover the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed at the first region A 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by a tenth connection member  651 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may cover the first hole  413 - 1  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a bottom portion  611 , a lateral portion  613 , and a first through hole (or a first hole)  671 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom portion  611  may be disposed at the rear surface of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the bottom portion  611  may overlap each of the fifth hole  510 - 3   a  and the sixth hole  510 - 3   b . For example, the bottom portion  611  may cover the rear surface of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the bottom portion  611  may be disposed on the rear surface of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the rear surface of the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the bottom portion  611  may cover the rear surface of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the rear surface of the third vibration device  510 - 2 . 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the lateral portion  613  may be disposed at a lateral surface of the first vibration apparatus  510  and may cover the lateral surface of the first vibration apparatus  510 . For example, the lateral portion  613  may be connected to one side (or an end) of the bottom portion  611 . For example, the lateral portion  613  may be disposed along a periphery of the bottom portion  611 . For example, one side (or one end) of the lateral portion  613  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the tenth connection member  651 . 
     According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first through hole  671  may be disposed at the bottom portion  611 . For example, the first through hole  671  may correspond to (or overlap) the third vibration device  510 - 2 . For example, the first through hole  671  may provide a displacement space of the third vibration device  510 - 2  and thus may increase a displacement amount of the third vibration device  510 - 2 . The first through hole  671  may be a path through which a portion of the third vibration device  510 - 2  may pass. For example, a center portion of the third vibration device  510 - 2  may be exposed at or protrude to the outside of the first enclosure member  610  through the first through hole  671 . According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first through hole  671  may correspond to (or overlap) the first vibration device  510 - 1 . For example, the first through hole  671  may be a path through which a portion of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may pass. For example, a center portion of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be exposed at or protrude to the outside of the first enclosure member  610  through the first through hole  671 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  may cover all of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may cover the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the second region A 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by an eleventh connection member  653 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may cover the second hole  413 - 2  disposed at the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a bottom portion  631 , a lateral portion  633 , and a second through hole (or a second hole)  673 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the bottom portion  631  may be disposed at the rear surface of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the bottom portion  631  may overlap each of the seventh hole  530 - 3   a  and the eighth hole  530 - 3   b . For example, the bottom portion  631  may cover the rear surface of the first vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the bottom portion  611  may be disposed at the rear surface of the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the rear surface of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the bottom portion  611  may cover the rear surface of the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the rear surface of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the lateral portion  613  may be disposed at a lateral surface of the second vibration apparatus  530  and may cover the lateral surface of the second vibration apparatus  530 . For example, the lateral portion  613  may be connected to one side (or an end) of the bottom portion  611 . For example, the lateral portion  613  may be disposed along a periphery of the bottom portion  611 . For example, one side (or one end) of the lateral portion  613  may be disposed at the rear surface of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  by the eleventh connection member  653 . 
     According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second through hole  673  may be disposed at the bottom portion  611 . For example, the second through hole  673  may correspond to (or overlap) the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the second through hole  673  may provide a displacement space of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  and thus may increase a displacement amount of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 . For example, the second through hole  673  may be a path through which a portion of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may pass. For example, a center portion of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  may be exposed at or protrude to the outside of the second enclosure member  630  through the second through hole  673 . According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second through hole  673  may correspond to (or overlap) the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, the second through hole  673  may be a path through which a portion of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may pass. For example, a center portion of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be exposed at or protrude to the outside of the second enclosure member  630  through the second through hole  673 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  14  to  16   , the first vibration device  510 - 1 , the third vibration device  510 - 2 , the first support member  510 - 3 , and the first enclosure member  610  may configure a first vibration generating apparatus. The second vibration device  530 - 1 , the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 , the second support member  530 - 3 , and the second enclosure member  630  may configure a second vibration generating apparatus. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration generating apparatus corresponding to the first vibration generating apparatus and/or the second vibration generating apparatus may be connected to a vibration object (or a vibration member) to vibrate the vibration object (or a vibration member), thereby outputting a sound. For example, the vibration object may include a vibration plate, and the vibration plate may include a metal material or may include one or more sheets or layers of non-metal or composite non-metal materials of wood, plastic, glass, cloth, fiber, paper, rubber, and leather. For example, the vibration object may include a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image, or may include a non-display panel of a light emitting diode lighting panel, an organic light emitting lighting panel, or an inorganic light emitting lighting panel. For example, the vibration object may include one or more of a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image, a screen panel on which an image is projected from a display apparatus, a lighting panel, a signage panel, a vehicular exterior material, a building ceiling material, a building interior material, a building glass window, an aircraft interior material, an aircraft glass window, metal, wood, rubber, plastic, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, leather, and a mirror. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, because an enclosure member  600  is provided, an air impedance of the corresponding vibration apparatus  500  may be controlled, thereby providing an apparatus enabling a pitched sound band to extend. Also, the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a film type vibration apparatus. An apparatus having enhanced sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound characteristic including a high-pitched sound band may be provided. Additionally, a thickness of the apparatus may be reduced, thereby providing an apparatus having a slim structure. 
       FIG.  17    illustrates an example of a vibration generator illustrated in  FIG.  14   . 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  17   , a first vibration generator  513  of an apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a vibration portion (or a vibration layer) PE, a first electrode layer E 1 , and a second electrode layer E 2 . For example, the vibration portion PE may be a piezoelectric device. 
     According to example embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration generator  513  may be disposed on the plate  511 . According to other example embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration generator  513  may be attached at the plate  511  including a metal material. 
     The vibration portion PE may include a piezoelectric material having a piezoelectric effect. For example, the piezoelectric material may have a characteristic where pressure or twisting is applied to a crystalline structure by an external force, a potential difference occurs due to dielectric polarization caused by a relative position change of a positive (+) ion and a negative (−) ion, and a vibration is generated by an electric field based on a voltage applied thereto. For example, the vibration portion PE may be a vibration layer, a piezoelectric layer, a piezoelectric material layer, an electroactive layer, a piezoelectric vibration portion, a piezoelectric material portion, an electroactive portion, a piezoelectric structure, an inorganic material layer, or an inorganic material portion, or the like. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration portion PE may be formed of a transparent, semitransparent, or opaque piezoelectric material, and may be transparent, semitransparent, or opaque. The vibration portion PE may include a ceramic-based material configured to generate a relatively high vibration or may include a piezoelectric ceramic having a perovskite-based crystalline structure. The perovskite crystalline structure may have a piezoelectric effect and an inverse piezoelectric effect and may be a plate-shaped structure having orientation. The perovskite crystalline structure may be represented by a chemical formula “ABO 3 ”. In the chemical formula, “A” may include a divalent metal element, and “B” may include a tetravalent metal element. For example, in the chemical formula “ABO 3 ”, “A” and “B” may be cations, and “O” may be anions. For example, the chemical formula “ABO 3 ” may include at least one or more of lead(II) titanate (PbTiO 3 ), lead zirconate (PbZrO 3 ), lead zirconate titanate (PbZrTiO 3 ), barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), and strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration portion PE according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include one or more materials of lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and indium (In), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The vibration portion PE according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based material, including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti), or may include a lead zirconate nickel niobate (PZNN)-based material, including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), nickel (Ni), and niobium (Nb). However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration portion PE may include a lead magnesium niobate (PMN)-based material, a lead nickel niobate (PNN)-based material, a lead zirconate niobate (PZN)-based material, or a lead indium niobate (PIN)-based material, but embodiment of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The PMN-based material may include Pb, Mg, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(Mg, Nb)O 3 . The PNN-based material may include Pb, Ni, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(Ni, Nb)O 3 . The PIN-based material may include Pb, In, and Nb, and for example, may include Pb(In, Nb)O 3 . According to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the vibration portion PE may include at least one or more of CaTiO 3 , BaTiO 3 , and SrTiO 3  without Pb, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The vibration portion PE according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to a tetragonal shape illustrated in  FIG.  17    and may be configured in a circular shape, an oval shape, a three or more-angle polygonal shape, or various other shapes. 
     The first electrode layer E 1  may be disposed at a first surface (or an upper surface) of the vibration portion PE and may be electrically connected to the first surface of the vibration portion PE. For example, the first electrode layer E 1  may have a single-body electrode shape (or a common electrode shape) which is disposed at an entire first surface of the vibration portion PE. The first electrode layer E 1  according an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent (or translucent) conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, examples of the transparent conductive material or the semitransparent conductive material may include indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO), but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The opaque conductive material may include aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), gold (Au), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), or the like, or an alloy of any thereof. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The second electrode layer E 2  may be at a second surface (or a rear surface) opposite to the first surface of the vibration portion PE and may be electrically connected to the second surface of the vibration portion PE. For example, the second electrode layer E 2  may have a single-body electrode shape (or a common electrode shape) which is disposed at an entire second surface of the vibration portion PE. The second electrode layer E 2  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a transparent conductive material, a semitransparent conductive material, or an opaque conductive material. For example, the second electrode layer E 2  may include the same material as the first electrode layer E 1 , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. As another example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second electrode layer E 2  may include a material different from the first electrode layer E 1 . 
     The vibration portion PE may be polarized (or poling) by a certain voltage applied to the first electrode layer E 1  and the second electrode layer E 2  in a certain temperature atmosphere, or in a temperature atmosphere that may be changed from a high temperature to a room temperature. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the vibration portion PE may alternately and repeatedly contract and expand based on an inverse piezoelectric effect according to a driving signal (or a sound signal or a voice signal) applied to the first electrode layer E 1  and the second electrode layer E 2  from an external source. Thus, the vibration portion PE may be displaced or vibrated (or driven). 
       FIG.  18    is another example cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ illustrated in  FIG.  1    with respect to a connection structure of the apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  14   .  FIG.  19    is an enlarged view of a region “E” illustrated in  FIG.  18   . 
     The apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  18  and  19    may be implemented by adding a connection member in the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  14  to  16   . The following description may focus more on modified and relevant elements, and redundant descriptions of the same or similar elements discussed above may be briefly given or may be omitted. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  18  and  19   , a first vibration device  510 - 1  according to another embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first plate  511  and a vibration generator  513 . For example, the vibration generator (or a first vibration generator)  513  of the first vibration device  510 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the first plate  511  by an eighth connection member  517 . A second vibration device  530 - 1  according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a second plate  531  and a vibration generator  533 . The vibration generator (or a second vibration generator)  533  of the second vibration device  530 - 1  may be disposed at a rear surface of the second plate  531  by a ninth connection member  537 . 
     The apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include sixteenth and seventeenth connection members  519  and  539 . For example, the apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a sixteenth connection member  519  and a seventeenth connection member  539 . 
     The sixteenth connection member  519  may be disposed between a first support member  510 - 3  and the first plate  511 . Therefore, the first plate  511  may be disposed at the first support member  510 - 3  by the sixteenth connection member  519 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may be disposed at one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first support member  510 - 3 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first support member  510 - 3 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may be disposed at one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first plate  511 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first plate  511 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may be disposed between one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first support member  510 - 3  and one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the first plate  511 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap an enclosure member  600 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap a bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may overlap a fifth hole  510 - 3   a , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the sixteenth connection member  519  may not overlap the fifth hole  510 - 3   a.    
     The seventeenth connection member  539  may be disposed between a second support member  530 - 3  and the second plate  531 . Therefore, the second plate  531  may be disposed at the second support member  530 - 3  by the seventeenth connection member  539 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may be disposed at one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the second support member  530 - 3 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the second support member  530 - 3 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may be disposed at one side (or an edge or the periphery) of the second plate  531 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the second plate  531 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may be disposed between one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the second support member  530 - 3  and one side (or an edge or a periphery) of the second plate  531 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap an enclosure member  600 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap a bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may overlap a seventh hole  530 - 3   a , but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the seventeenth connection member  539  may not overlap the seventh hole  530 - 3   a.    
     The apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more additional air gaps AG 3 . 
     An additional air gap AG 3  may be provided between a first cover  400  and each of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, an additional air gap AG 3  may be provided between a rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and each of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the second vibration device  530 - 1 . For example, an additional air gap AG 3  may be provided between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and each of the first vibration generator  513  and the second vibration generator  533 . An additional air gap AG 3  may transmit a sound, generated by the first vibration device  510 - 1 , to a front surface of the electronic apparatus and may secure a vibration space of the first vibration device  510 - 1 . Also, another additional air gap AG 3  may transmit a sound, generated by the second vibration device  530 - 1 , to the front surface of the electronic apparatus and may secure a vibration space of the second vibration device  530 - 1 . The additional air gaps AG 3  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a third air gap AG 3   a  and a fourth air gap AG 3   b.    
     The third air gap AG 3   a  may be provided between the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the first cover  400 . For example, the third air gap AG 3   a  may be provided between the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the third air gap AG 3   a  may be provided between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and a first vibration generator  513 . For example, the third air gap AG 3   a  may transmit a sound, generated by the first vibration generator  513 , to the front surface of the electronic apparatus and may secure a vibration space of the first vibration generator  513 . 
     The fourth air gap AG 3   b  may be provided between the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the first cover  400 . For example, the fourth air gap AG 3   b  may be provided between the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the fourth air gap AG 3   b  may be provided between the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and a second vibration generator  533 . For example, the fourth air gap AG 3   b  may transmit a sound, generated by the second vibration generator  533 , to the front surface of the electronic apparatus and may secure a vibration space of the second vibration generator  533 . 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an additional air gap AG 3  (e.g., the third air gap AG 3   a  or the fourth air gap AG 3   b ) may be provided between the first cover  400  and the corresponding vibration apparatus  500 , thereby providing an electronic apparatus having more enhanced sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound characteristic. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, because an enclosure member  600  is provided, an air impedance of the corresponding vibration apparatus  500  may be controlled, thereby providing an apparatus enabling a pitched sound band to extend. Also, the apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a film type vibration apparatus. An apparatus having enhanced sound pressure level characteristic and/or sound characteristic including a high-pitched sound band may be provided. Additionally, a thickness of the apparatus may be reduced, thereby providing an apparatus having a slim structure. 
       FIG.  20    is a graph showing a sound pressure level characteristic of an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  21    is a graph showing another sound pressure level characteristic of an electronic apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     In  FIGS.  20  and  21   , the abscissa axis represents a frequency (Hz), and the ordinate axis represents a sound pressure level (dB). In  FIG.  20   , a dotted line represents a sound pressure level characteristic measured in an apparatus including no enclosure member, and a solid line represents a sound pressure level characteristic measured in an apparatus including an enclosure member. In  FIG.  21   , a dotted line represents a sound pressure level characteristic measured in an apparatus which includes an enclosure member and does not include a second cover, and a solid line represents a sound pressure level characteristic measured in an apparatus including an enclosure member and a second cover. 
     As shown in  FIG.  20   , it may be seen that a sound pressure level at a low frequency band (about 300 Hz or less) measured in a case including an enclosure member  600  (a solid line) is higher than a sound pressure level measured in a case including no enclosure member  600  (a dotted line). Accordingly, as in an example embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more enclosure members  600  may be provided in the apparatus. Thus, a sound pressure level characteristic and a sound characteristic of a low-pitched sound band may be enhanced. 
     As shown in  FIG.  21   , in a total area of a measured frequency range, it may be seen that a sound pressure level characteristic measured in a case including an enclosure member  600  and a second cover  700  (a solid line) is similar to a sound pressure level characteristic measured in a case which includes an enclosure member  600  and does not include a second cover  700  (a dotted line). Accordingly, as in an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more enclosure member  600  may be provided in the apparatus. Thus, a sound having a consistent sound pressure level may be generated regardless of whether or not a second cover  700  is incorporated. 
       FIG.  22    illustrates a rear surface of an electronic apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  23    is an exploded perspective view of the example apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  22   . 
     The electronic apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  22  and  23    may be implemented by modifying one or more enclosure members  600  and adding a rear vibration member  800  in the example apparatus(es) described above with reference to  FIGS.  14  to  19   . Descriptions of the enclosure member(s)  600  and the rear vibration member  800  applied to  FIGS.  22  and  23    may be identically applied to the example apparatus(es) described above with reference to  FIGS.  1  to  13   . The following description may focus more on modified and relevant elements, and redundant descriptions of the same or similar elements discussed above may be briefly given or may be omitted. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  14  and  15    (or  FIGS.  18  and  19   ),  22 , and  23 , the apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include one or more rear vibration members  800 . For example, a rear vibration member  800  may be disposed at a rear surface of an enclosure member  600  (e.g., a first enclosure member  610  or a second enclosure member  630 ). The enclosure member  600  may include an accommodating portion  690  where the rear vibration member  800  may be disposed. For example, the accommodating portion  690  may be implemented with a shape of a portion of the enclosure member  600  that protrudes from the enclosure member  600  toward a first cover  400  or protrudes away in an opposite direction from the first cover  400 . For example, a portion protruding from the enclosure member  600  (e.g., the first enclosure member  610 ) may be implemented at a bottom portion (e.g.,  611 ) or a lateral portion (e.g.,  613 ) of the enclosure member  600  (e.g.,  610 ). For example, the accommodating portion  690  may be a groove formed at a portion of a front surface of the enclosure member  600  or may be a groove formed at a portion of a rear surface of the enclosure member  600 . For example, a groove may be formed at a bottom portion (e.g.,  611 ) or a lateral portion (e.g.,  613 ) of the enclosure member (e.g., the first enclosure member  610 ). For example, the accommodating portion  690  may include a hole or a slit. For example, the accommodating portion  690  may have a shape corresponding to a shape of the rear vibration member  800 . For example, the accommodating portion  690  may include a hole or a slit overlapping the rear vibration member  800 . 
     The first enclosure member  610  may be disposed in a first region A 1  of a rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and may include one or more first accommodating portions  691 . The number and shape of first accommodating portions  691  may be determined or adjusted based on a sound characteristic or a haptic feedback characteristic to be implemented. 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cover  400  may include a first periphery region EA 1  and a second periphery region EA 2  with respect to a first center line CL 1  in a first direction X (or a widthwise direction). For example, an enclosure member  600  may be disposed at one or more regions of the first periphery region EA 1  and the second periphery region EA 2  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first member  610  may be disposed at the first region A 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the first enclosure member  610  may be formed along a second direction Y (or a lengthwise direction) of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 , in the first region A 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first cover  400  may include a first area UA and a second area LA with respect to a second center line CL 2  in the second direction Y (or the lengthwise direction). For example, one or more enclosure members  600  may be disposed over the first area UA and the second area LA of the first cover  400 . 
     For example, the first enclosure member  610  may be disposed over the first area UA and the second area LA of the first cover  400 , with respect to the second center line (or a lengthwise center line) CL 2  in the second direction Y (or the lengthwise direction) of the first cover  400 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, an enclosure member  600  may include a first portion (e.g., UA 1  or UA 2 ) and a second portion (e.g., LA 1  or LA 2 ). For example, the first portions UA 1  and UA 2  may correspond to or be disposed at the first area UA of the first cover  400 . For example, the second portions LA 1  and LA 2  may correspond to or be disposed at the second area LA of the first cover  400 . 
     For example, the first enclosure member  610  may include a first portion UA 1 , which is disposed at or overlaps the first area UA of the first cover  400 , and a second portion LA 1 , which is disposed at or overlaps the second area LA of the first cover  400 . For example, the first area UA may be an upper region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second area LA may be a lower region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first portion UA 1  may be at an upper region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second portion LA 1  may be at a lower region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     For example, a vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at a first portion UA 1  or UA 2  or at a second portion LA 1  or LA 2  of an enclosure member  600 . For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed between the first area UA of the first periphery region EA 1  of the first cover  400  and the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . In this case, the first accommodating portion  691  may be disposed at the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 , and the first accommodating portion  691  may be disposed at the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . The first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610  may correspond to or be disposed at the first area UA of the first periphery region EA 1  of the first cover  400 . The second portion LA 1  of the second enclosure member  610  may correspond to or be disposed at the second area LA of the first periphery region EA 1  of the first cover  400 . 
     For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed between the second area LA of the first periphery region EA 1  of the first cover  400  and the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . In this case, the first accommodating portion  691  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 , and the first accommodating portion  691  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . 
     The second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the second region A 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400  and may include one or more second accommodating portions  693 . The number and shape of second accommodating portions  693  may be determined or adjusted based on a sound characteristic or a haptic feedback characteristic to be implemented. 
     For example, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed at the second periphery region EA 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may be formed along the second direction Y (or the lengthwise direction) of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 , in the second periphery region EA 2  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may be disposed over the first area UA and the second area LA of the first cover  400 , with respect to the second center line (or the lengthwise center line) CL 2  in the second direction Y (or the lengthwise direction) of the first cover  400 . For example, the second enclosure member  630  may include a first portion UA 2 , which is disposed at or overlaps the first area UA of the first cover  400 , and a second portion LA 2 , which is disposed at or overlaps the second area LA of the first cover  400 . For example, the first area UA may be an upper region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second area LA may be a lower region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the first portion UA 2  may be at an upper region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, the second portion LA 2  may be at a lower region, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed between the first area UA of the second periphery region EA 2  of the first cover  400  and the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . In this case, the second accommodating portion  693  may be disposed at the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 , and the second accommodating portion  693  may be disposed at the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . The first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630  may correspond to or be disposed at the first area UA of the second periphery region EA 2  of the first cover  400 . The second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630  may correspond to or be disposed at the second area LA of the second periphery region EA 2  of the first cover  400 . 
     For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed between the second area LA of the second periphery region EA 2  of the first cover  400  and the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . In this case, the second accommodating portion  693  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed at the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 , and the second accommodating portion  693  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . 
     According to an apparatus according to another example embodiment of the present disclosure, a rear vibration member  800  may be disposed at an enclosure member  600 . For example, the rear vibration member  800  may be disposed into an accommodating portion  690  formed at the enclosure member  600 . For example, the rear vibration member  800  may be disposed at a first portion UA 1  or UA 2  or at a second portion LA 1  or LA 2  of an enclosure member  600 . For example, the rear vibration member  800  may be disposed at a front surface of an enclosure member  600  facing the first cover  400  or may be disposed at a rear surface of the enclosure member  600  opposite to the front surface of the enclosure member  600 . 
     A rear vibration member  800  may vibrate due to a vibration of a corresponding enclosure member  600  based on a vibration of a corresponding vibration apparatus  500  to enhance a sound characteristic of a low pitched sound band. The rear vibration member  800  may vibrate due to a vibration of the enclosure member  600  based on a vibration of the vibration apparatus  500 . The rear vibration member  800  may function as an additional vibration source separate from the vibration apparatus  500 , thereby enhancing the strength of a haptic feedback and a sense of vibration (or a vibration characteristic). Accordingly, the rear vibration member  800  may be referred to as a radiation member, a rear radiation member, a sound radiation member, a secondary vibration member, a haptic member, a haptic feedback member, an after-vibration member, or a reaction vibration member. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     The rear vibration members  800  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may include a first rear vibration member  810  and a second rear vibration member  830 . 
     The first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at a bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at a front surface or a rear surface of the bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at the first accommodating portion  691  of the first enclosure member  610 . 
     The first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  or the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at a portion of the first enclosure member  610  different from a portion of the first enclosure member  610  where the first vibration apparatus  510  is disposed. For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 , and the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be disposed at the first portion UA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 , and the first vibration apparatus  510  may be disposed at the second portion LA 1  of the first enclosure member  610 . 
     The first rear vibration member  810  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a first vibration plate. The first rear vibration member  810  may further include a first vibration plate and a first rear connection member interposed between the bottom portion  611  of the first enclosure member  610  and the first vibration plate. For example, the first vibration plate may be disposed at a rear surface of the first accommodating portion  691 . For example, the first vibration plate may vibrate by reacting on a vibration of the first enclosure member  610  based on vibrations of at least one or more of the first vibration device  510 - 1  and the third vibration device  510 - 2  of the first vibration apparatus  510 , thereby outputting a haptic vibration. For example, the first rear vibration member  810  may be referred to as a first radiation member, a first rear radiation member, a first sound radiation member, a first secondary vibration member, a first haptic member, a first haptic feedback member, a first after-vibration member, or a first reaction vibration member, or the like. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     To secure a sufficient vibration characteristic of the first rear vibration member  810  and to match an acoustic phase between the first rear vibration member  810  and the first vibration apparatus  510 , the first rear vibration member  810  and the first vibration apparatus  510  may be spaced apart from each other by a certain-rate distance (a first distance) L 1 . 
     For example, the first distance L 1  may be a distance between a center of the first rear vibration member  810  and a center of a region (or an exposure region)  510 - 2   a  of a third vibration device  510 - 2  exposed through a first through hole  671  formed at the first enclosure member  610 , but a reference position of the first distance L 1  is not limited thereto. For example, the first distance L 1  may be a distance between the center of the first rear vibration member  810  and a center of the third vibration device  510 - 2  of the first vibration apparatus  510 , which are at opposite areas from each other with respect to the second center line CL 2 . 
     The second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at a bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at a front surface or a rear surface of the bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at the second accommodating portion  693  of the second enclosure member  630 . 
     The second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  or the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at a region different from a region where the second vibration apparatus  530  is disposed. For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 , and the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be disposed at the first portion UA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 , and the second vibration apparatus  530  may be disposed at the second portion LA 2  of the second enclosure member  630 . 
     The second rear vibration member  830  according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may further include a second vibration plate. The second rear vibration member  830  may further include a second vibration plate and a second rear connection member interposed between the bottom portion  631  of the second enclosure member  630  and the second vibration plate. For example, the second vibration plate may be disposed at the rear surface of the accommodating portion  693 . For example, the second vibration plate may vibrate by reacting on a vibration of the second enclosure member  630  based on vibrations of one or more of the second vibration device  530 - 1  and the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  of the second vibration apparatus  530 , thereby outputting a haptic vibration. For example, the second rear vibration member  830  may be referred to as a second radiation member, a second rear radiation member, a second sound radiation member, a second secondary vibration member, a second haptic member, a second haptic feedback member, a second after-vibration member, or a second reaction vibration member, or the like, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     To secure a sufficient vibration characteristic of the second rear vibration member  830  and match an acoustic phase between the second rear vibration member  830  and the second vibration apparatus  530 , the second rear vibration member  830  and the second vibration apparatus  530  may be spaced apart from each other by a certain-rate distance (a second distance) L 2 . 
     For example, the second distance L 2  may be a distance between a center of the second rear vibration member  830  and a center of a region (or an exposure region)  530 - 2   a  of a fourth vibration device  530 - 2  exposed through a second through hole  673  formed at the second enclosure member  630 , but a reference position of the second distance L 2  is not limited thereto. For example, the second distance L 2  may be a distance between the center of the second rear vibration member  830  and a center of the fourth vibration device  530 - 2  of the second vibration apparatus  530 , which are at opposite areas from each other with respect to the second center line CL 2 . For example, the first distance L 1  between the first rear vibration member  810  and the first vibration apparatus  510  may be the same as or different from the second distance L 2  between the second rear vibration member  830  and the second vibration apparatus  530 . 
     According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the first vibration device  510 - 1 , the third vibration device  510 - 2 , the first support member  510 - 3 , the first enclosure member  610 , and the first rear vibration member  810  may configure a first vibration generating apparatus. According to an example embodiment of the present disclosure, the second vibration device  530 - 1 , the fourth vibration device  530 - 2 , the second support member  530 - 3 , the second enclosure member  630 , and the second rear vibration member  830  may configure a second vibration generating apparatus. 
       FIG.  24    illustrates example measurement points in a display member for measuring a vibration acceleration in an apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  24    is a diagram illustrating a front surface of the example apparatus. 
     As shown in  FIG.  24   , in the example apparatus illustrated in  FIG.  22   , the first to the third measurement points MP 1 , MP 2 , and MP 3  may be positions which correspond to (or overlap) the first enclosure member  610  or correspond to (or overlap) the first periphery region EA 1  of the rear portion  410  of the first cover  400 . The first measurement point MP 1  may be a position which corresponds to (or overlaps) the first vibration apparatus  510  (or the third vibration device  510 - 2  of the first vibration apparatus  510 ). The third measurement point MP 3  may be a position which corresponds to (or overlaps) the first rear vibration apparatus  810 . The second measurement point MP 2  may be a center position between the first measurement point MP 1  and the third measurement point MP 3 . 
     The following Table 1 shows a result obtained by measuring a vibration acceleration at the first to the third measurement points MP 1 , MP 2 , and MP 3  shown in  FIG.  24   . A comparison value is a vibration acceleration measured at the first to the third measurement points MP 1 , MP 2 , and MP 3  of an example apparatus to which an enclosure member  600  and a rear vibration member  800  are not applied. An experiment value is a vibration acceleration measured at the first to the third measurement points MP 1 , MP 2 , and MP 3  of an example apparatus to which an enclosure member  600  and the rear vibration member  800  are applied. The comparison value and the experiment value have been measured by applying a sine wave of 5 volts having 200 Hz to the second vibration apparatus  530 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Measurement 
                 Comparison Value 
                 Experiment Value 
               
               
                 Point 
                 (m/s 2 ) 
                 (m/s 2 ) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 MP1 
                 37.68 
                 37.68 
               
               
                 MP2 
                 21.35 
                 30.76 
               
               
                 MP3 
                 20.77 
                 32.59 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     With reference to Table 1, it may be seen that an experiment value and a comparison value measured at the first measurement point MP 1  corresponding to (overlapping) the first vibration apparatus  510  are the same. However, an experiment value measured at each of the second measurement point MP 2  and the third measurement point MP 3  is greater than a corresponding comparison value. Therefore, compared to an example apparatus which does not include an enclosure member  600  and a rear vibration member  800 , in an apparatus including an enclosure member  600  and a rear vibration member  800  as in another example embodiment of the present disclosure, a vibration acceleration may increase. Thus, a response time of a haptic feedback may be enhanced. Accordingly, because a vibration is transferred at a high speed up to a region which does not correspond to (overlap) the first vibration apparatus  510 , a vibration characteristic or a sense of vibration of a haptic feedback may be enhanced. 
     A vibration apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied to a vibration apparatus disposed in an electronic apparatus. The electronic apparatus according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to mobile apparatuses, video phones, smart watches, watch phones, wearable apparatuses, foldable apparatuses, rollable apparatuses, bendable apparatuses, flexible apparatuses, curved apparatuses, variable apparatuses, sliding apparatuses, electronic organizers, electronic books, portable multimedia players (PMPs), personal digital assistants (PDAs), MP 3  players, mobile medical apparatuses, desktop personal computers (PCs), laptop PCs, netbook computers, workstations, navigation apparatuses, automotive navigation apparatuses, automotive display apparatuses, automotive apparatuses, theater display apparatuses, theater apparatuses, TVs, wall paper apparatuses, signage apparatuses, game machines, notebook computers, monitors, cameras, camcorders, home appliances, and so on. Also, the vibration apparatus according to example embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to organic light emitting lighting apparatuses or inorganic light emitting lighting apparatuses. Where the vibration apparatus is applied to lighting apparatuses, the vibration apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may function as lighting and a speaker. Also, where the vibration apparatus of an example embodiment of the present disclosure is applied to a mobile apparatus, the vibration apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may function as one or more of a speaker, a receiver, and a haptic apparatus. However, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. 
     An apparatus and a vibration generating apparatus according to various example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below. 
     An apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a vibration member; a first cover disposed at a rear surface of the vibration member; a first vibration apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the first cover and configured to vibrate the vibration member; a first enclosure member disposed at the rear surface of the first cover and at the rear surface of the vibration member; and a first rear vibration member disposed at the first enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first rear vibration member may be disposed at a front surface of the first enclosure member facing the first cover or at a rear surface of the first enclosure member opposite to the front surface of the first enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first enclosure member may comprise an accommodating portion, and the first rear vibration member may be disposed in the accommodating portion. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the accommodating portion may protrude from the first enclosure member toward the first cover or protrudes in an opposite direction away from the first cover. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the accommodating portion may include a groove at a portion of a front surface or a rear surface of the first enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first cover may comprise a first periphery region and a second periphery region with respect to a first center line in a widthwise direction, and the first enclosure member may be disposed at one or more of the first periphery region and the second periphery region of the first cover. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first cover may comprise a first area and a second area with respect to a second center line in a lengthwise direction, and the first enclosure member may be disposed over the first area and the second area of the first cover. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first enclosure member may comprise a first portion over the first area of the first cover and a second portion over the second area of the first cover. Also, the first vibration apparatus may be disposed at one of the first portion and the second portion of the first enclosure member, and the first rear vibration member may be disposed at the other of the first portion and the second portion of the first enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further comprise: a second enclosure member disposed at the rear surface of the first cover and at the rear surface of the vibration member; and a second rear vibration member disposed at the second enclosure member, wherein the first enclosure member may be disposed at a rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover, and second enclosure member may be disposed at a rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover, wherein each of the first enclosure member and the second enclosure member may comprise a first portion over the first area of the first cover and a second portion over the second area of the first cover, wherein the first rear vibration member may be disposed at the first portion or the second portion of the first enclosure member, and wherein the second rear vibration member may be disposed at the first portion or the second portion of the second enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration apparatus may be disposed at a rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover, and may be disposed at one of the first portion and the second portion of the first enclosure member. Also, the first rear vibration member may be disposed at the other of the first portion and the second portion of the first enclosure member, and may be configured to vibrate based on a vibration of the first vibration apparatus. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further comprise a second vibration apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover, and the second vibration apparatus may be disposed at one of the first portion and the second portion of the second enclosure member. Also, the second rear vibration member may be disposed at the other of the first portion and the second portion of the second enclosure member, and may be configured to vibrate based on a vibration of the second vibration apparatus. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further comprise a second vibration apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover, and the first vibration apparatus may be disposed at a rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first distance between the first vibration apparatus and the first rear vibration member may be substantially equal to a second distance between the second vibration apparatus and the second rear vibration member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first cover may comprise a first hole at the first periphery region and second hole at the second periphery region. Also, wherein the first vibration apparatus may cover the first hole, and the second vibration apparatus may cover the second hole. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration apparatus may comprise a first vibration device disposed at a rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover, and the second vibration apparatus may comprise a second vibration device disposed at a rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover. Also, the first vibration apparatus may further comprise a third vibration device disposed adjacent to the first vibration device to cover the first hole, and the second vibration apparatus may further comprise a fourth vibration device disposed adjacent to the second vibration device to cover the second hole. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, each of the first vibration device and the second vibration device may include a film type vibration apparatus, and each of the third vibration device and the fourth vibration device may include a coil type vibration apparatus. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the first vibration device and the second vibration device may comprise: a vibration portion including a piezoelectric material; a first electrode layer disposed at a first surface of the vibration portion; and a second electrode layer disposed at a second surface of the vibration portion. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration device may comprise a first vibration generator and a first plate disposed at the rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover, and the second vibration device may comprise a second vibration generator and a second plate disposed at the rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration generator may be disposed at a rear surface of the first plate, or the first plate may be disposed at a rear surface of the first vibration generator. Also, the second vibration generator may be disposed at a rear surface of the second plate, or the second plate may be disposed at a rear surface of the second vibration generator. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator may comprise: a vibration portion including a plurality of first portions including an inorganic material and a plurality of second portions disposed between the plurality of first portions and including an organic material; a first electrode layer disposed at a first surface of the vibration portion; and a second electrode layer disposed at a second surface of the vibration portion. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least one of the first vibration generator and the second vibration generator may comprise: a vibration portion including a piezoelectric material; a first electrode layer disposed at a first surface of the vibration portion; and a second electrode layer disposed at a second surface of the vibration portion. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration apparatus may further comprise a first support member disposed at the rear surface of the first periphery region of the first cover, and the third vibration device may be disposed at a rear surface of the first support member. Also, the second vibration apparatus may further comprise a second support member disposed at the rear surface of the second periphery region of the first cover, and the fourth vibration device may be disposed at a rear surface of the second support member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first support member may comprise a third hole overlapping with the first vibration device and a fourth hole overlapping with the third vibration device, and the second support member may comprise a fifth hole overlapping with the second vibration device and a sixth hole overlapping with the fourth vibration device. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the fourth hole may overlap with the first hole, and the sixth hole overlaps with the second hole. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration member may include one or more of a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image, a light emitting diode lighting panel, an organic light emitting lighting panel, and an inorganic light emitting lighting panel. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration member may include a metal material or includes a single or composite nonmetal material having one or more of wood, rubber, plastic, glass, fiber, cloth, paper, and leather. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration member may include one of a display panel including a plurality of pixels configured to display an image, a screen panel for displaying an image projected from a display apparatus, a lighting panel, a signage panel, a vehicular interior material, a vehicular glass window, a vehicular exterior material, a building ceiling material, a building interior material, a building glass window, an aircraft interior material, an aircraft glass window, and a mirror. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the vibration member may include a display member comprising a display panel configured to display an image, wherein the display member may further comprise: a backlight disposed at a rear surface of the display panel; and a guide member between the display panel and the backlight. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the apparatus may further comprise a front member and a second cover, wherein the vibration member may include a display member having a display panel configured to display an image, wherein the front member may be disposed at a front surface of the display member, and wherein the second cover may be disposed at a rear surface of the first enclosure member to accommodate the display member, the first cover, the first vibration apparatus, and the first enclosure member on which the first rear vibration member is disposed. 
     A vibration generating apparatus for use with a vibration member according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a support member including a first hole and a second hole; a first vibration device disposed at the first hole; a second vibration device disposed at the second hole; an enclosure member connected to a rear surface of the vibration member and configured to cover the support member, the first vibration device, and the second vibration device; and a rear vibration member disposed at the enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the rear vibration member may be configured to vibrate based on a vibration of at least one of the first vibration device and the second vibration device. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the enclosure member may comprise an accommodating portion, and the rear vibration member may be disposed in the accommodating portion. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the accommodating portion may comprise a groove at a portion of a front surface or a rear surface of the enclosure member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the accommodating portion may comprise a hole overlapping with the rear vibration member. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the rear vibration member may further comprise a vibration plate disposed at the accommodating portion, and the vibration plate may be configured to vibrate according to a vibration of the enclosure member based on a vibration of at least one of the first vibration device and the second vibration device. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration device may be configured to output a first sound pressure level to the vibration member via the first hole, and the second vibration device is configured to output a second sound pressure level, different from the first sound pressure level, to the vibration member via the second hole. Also, the rear vibration member may be configured to output a haptic vibration based on a vibration of at least one of the first vibration device and the second vibration device. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration device may include a vibration generator including a piezoelectric device, and the second vibration device may include a coil type vibration generator. 
     According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first vibration device may be disposed between the support member and the enclosure member and overlap with the first hole, and the second vibration device may be disposed between the support member and the enclosure member and overlap with the second hole. 
     An apparatus according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise: a vibration member; a first cover disposed at a rear surface of the vibration member; and a vibration generating apparatus disposed at a rear surface of the first cover and configured to vibrate the vibration member. The vibration generating apparatus may comprise: a support member including a first hole and a second hole; a first vibration device disposed at the first hole; a second vibration device disposed at the second hole; an enclosure member connected to a rear surface of the vibration member and configured to cover the support member, the first vibration device, and the second vibration device; and a rear vibration member disposed at the enclosure member. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present disclosure without departing from the technical idea or scope of the disclosures. Thus, it is intended that embodiments of the present disclosure cover the modifications and variations of the disclosure provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.