Patent Publication Number: US-2012042503-A1

Title: Hose coupling

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention is in the field of hose couplings. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,940,261 to Sommer-Vine states in the Abstract that: “[t]his invention relates to a pipe coupling and, in particular, to a Victaulic-type coupling which generally comprise a pair of half shells, together forming a sleeve which can be placed around adjacent flanged or grooved ends of a pair of pipes which have been located in co-axial end to end relationship for joining The pipe coupling of the invention comprises a pair of discrete, substantially identical half shells which are engageable with one another to form a coupling sleeve. The half shells each include a hook formation on one end thereof which is interengageable with the hook formation of the other half shell, partly to secure the half shells to one another.” 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,297,822 to Sanders et al. discloses in the Abstract that: “[a] hose construction, coupling therefor and methods of making the same are provided, the hose construction comprising a tubular hose and a coupling secured to one end of the tubular hose, the inner peripheral surface of the tubular hose comprising an inner corrugated hose made of polymeric material and having inwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween and extending from one end of the tubular hose to the other end thereof, the coupling having an insert disposed in the one end of the tubular hose and being radially outwardly expanded into sealing relation with the inner corrugated hose, the insert having an outer peripheral surface defined by a plurality of outwardly convex projections with recesses therebetween, the projections of the insert being respectively received in the recesses of the inner hose and the projections of the inner hose being respectively received in the recesses of the insert whereby the interior of the tubular hose is substantially sealed to the interior of the coupling.” 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,413,147 to Moreiras et al. discloses at col. 2, 1 ns. 37 et seq. “[i]n accordance with the invention, a flexible hose comprises an inner corrugated tube of polymeric material impervious to the fluid to be conveyed through the hose, an intermediate layer of rubber material surrounding the inner corrugated tube, a braided layer of fiber reinforcement material, and an outer layer of rubber material surrounding the braided layer of fiber reinforcement. The corrugated tube has alternating radially outer ridges and radially outwardly opening grooves axially staggered in relation to alternating radially inner ridges and radially inwardly opening grooves with a void being left at the bottom of the radially outwardly opening grooves. The radially outer ridges of the inner corrugated tube preferably are flat for controlling the degree of penetration of the intermediate rubber layer into the radially outwardly opening grooves.” 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,593,942 to Loker states in the Abstract: “[a] coupling and method of coupling thin-walled/tubing and the like includes an inner member and an outer member in the form of a sleeve or band surrounding the inner member with the tubing therebetween. The inner member is provided with a pair of tubing grooves and a seal receiving groove between the two tubing grooves or at least between one groove and the tube receiving end of the coupling. By means of annular ridges, the tubing is forced into the tubing grooves, and by means of an annular ridge the tubing is pressed tightly against the seal in the seal receiving groove, thus forming a fluid-tight coupling member.” 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,486,036 to Storke et al states in the Abstract that: “[a] coupling and method of coupling thin-wall hose/tubing and the like includes an inner member, a sleeve surrounding the inner member and the tubing therebetween. The inner member is provided with a pair of tubing grooves and a seal material between the grooves. By means of compression rings or annular ridges the tubing is forced into the tubing grooves and stretched across the seal, thus forming a fluid-tight coupling member.” 
     It is desirable, therefore, for a hose coupling to retain the hose at high pressure. A hose coupling which is capable of handling high pressure due to long pumping distances is required. For instance, in military applications fluid (which may be fuel) must be pumped long distances from a source to a destination. Longer transport distances (up to 660 feet) increase pump discharge pressures which may be up to 750 psig. Longer transport distances increase the demands on the pumping equipment, the length of the hose, and the number of couplings used to join the hoses together. It is common to run hose lines as long as 660 feet in length. High pressures have heretofore caused difficulties in that large stresses have been applied to hose at pinch points within the couplings. Linear part lines in hose couplings cause particularly prominent problems with leakage as the pinch points perforate the hose. Prior art hose couplings have linear part lines which create linear pinch points. Prior art hose couplings also have sharp edges in the coupling parts which engage the hose and restrict the hose from stretching thus causing excessive tension to specific areas of the hose causing the fabric liner to split. It is desirable, therefore, to provide a hose coupling which prevents tearing of the hose by allowing the hose to uniformly stretch. It is also desirable to provide a hose coupling device which avoids pinch points and part lines which cause leakage in the hose. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A hose coupling which prevents the extraction of hose from the coupling is disclosed and claimed. The hose may be a liquid transfer hose or it may be a general purpose fire hose. The hose comprises a tailpiece, a sleeve and a collar. The tailpiece includes an exterior, first sinusoidally shaped contour. The tailpiece also includes a cylindrically shaped interior through which fluid passes. 
     The exterior, first sinusoidally shaped contour of the tailpiece includes diamond shaped ed portions which grip the fire hose in engagement with the tailpiece as described herein. The sleeve includes an interior, second sinusoidally shaped contour reciprocal to the first sinusoidally shaped contour of the exterior of the tailpiece. The sleeve includes first and second halves and each half of the sleeve includes two sets of reciprocal fingers. Each set of reciprocal fingers of the first half of the sleeve engages and interfits a respective set of reciprocal fingers of the second half of the sleeve and the fingers are then interdigitated. 
     The exterior, sinusoidally shaped contour of the tailpiece includes first peaks and first valleys and the second interior, sinsusoidally shaped contour of the sleeve includes second peaks and second valleys. A hose which may be a fluid transport hose is disposed between the sleeve and the tailpiece. The first peaks of the tail piece interfit the second valleys of the sleeve and the first valleys of the tailpiece interfit the second peaks of the sleeve. The collar includes first and second halves each of which interengage the sleeve. The collar urges the sleeve against the hose which engages the first sinusoidally shaped contour of the exterior of the tailpiece and the diamond shaped knurled portions of the first sinusoidally shaped contour of the exterior of the tailpiece preventing extraction of the hose from the coupling. The knurl may be a straight circumferential knurl or it may assume any pattern shape. 
     The hose coupling joins two sections of hose together. The hose may be fire hose, fuel transfer hose or any hose of any type. The coupling retains the hose at a high pressure as compared to current couplings being manufactured. Also, the hose coupling has a Victaulic type end for joining two sections of hose. This joining method can be done in different ways, for example the Victaulic type connection just mentioned or it may be threaded. 
     The tailpiece of the invention includes a wave form (sinusoidal or other waveform) which prevents pinch points. Current couplings, for instance those which meet the “mil spec”, create sharp edges causing tears and the like in the liners of the hose and in the fabric which supports those liners. “Mil spec” stands for military specification. Pinch points are also created in the prior art devices between various clamping components. Pinch points prevent the hose from stretching any allowable amount thus causing excessive tension in specific areas of the hose causing the fabric liner to split. The wave form used in the invention applies a constant force across the hose, thus reducing the stress on the fabric liner. The sleeve includes interlacing reciprocal fingers (interdigitated fingers) which prevent a straight line pinch point on the hose when the sleeves are clamped together and retained by the collars. A straight line pinch point can cause a leak path for fluid to egress. The latch assembly is made up of a pivot bar, bolts and washers. Bolts are partially threaded into the pivot bar which is placed in a retaining groove on one collar then swung into place on the other collar. Clamping can also be accomplished by threading the bolts directly into one of the collar halves. The function of the gasket is to prevent fluid egress into the coupling. 
     The gasket is installed into the groove on the tailpiece, then the hose is slid onto the tailpiece until it reaches the shoulder. The two sleeves are then placed on the outside of the hose. The collars are then placed with the parting line offset from the interlacing fingers of the sleeves. The assembly is then clamped together by means of equally applying torque to the bolts of the latch assembly. 
     A method for coupling hose is also disclosed and claimed. The method includes the steps of drawing hose over the exterior of the tailpiece. The tailpiece includes an undulating exterior surface and the inside diameter of the hose is slightly larger than the largest outside diameter of the hose gripping portion of the tailpiece. A shoulder which resides relatively close to the hose gripping end portion of the tailpiece has a larger diameter than the hose and therefore the hose is slid over the tailpiece until it abuts the shoulder. After the hose is in place over the tailpiece, the step of placing first and second sleeves on the outside of the hose is performed. Each sleeve half has interdigitated fingers for interengagement with fingers of the other half of the sleeve. Each sleeve includes undulating interior surfaces. Next, the first and second collar halves are placed over the first and second sleeves such that the joint between the first and second collars is rotationally offset from the interengagement of the interdigitated fingers of the sleeves. In practice, one of the sleeves will be positioned within one of the halves of the collars and it will rest on a surface and then the other collar will be placed on the top. Once positioned, the bolts pass through the collars and are secured in a pivot rod thus clamping the first and second sleeves to the hose. The bolts will then be tightened by torqueing, uniformly, the collars to each other urging them into forceful engagement with the sleeves compressing the hose between the undulating exterior surface of the tailpiece and the undulating interior surface of the sleeves. The method is particularly useful where the tailpiece includes diamond shaped knurled portions thereof. The method includes steps of clamping and torqueing which are performed with pivot rods. The pivot rods reside in J-shaped slots in the exterior portions of the first and second collar halves. The pivot rods are threadedly interconnected with bolts secured within a respective one of the first and second collar halves. Using J-shaped slots together with the pivot rods enables rotation of one of the first and second coupling halves with respect to the other enabling removal of the hose from the coupling for reuse thereof. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front perspective view of the coupling and hose. 
         FIG. 1A  is an exploded assembly view of the hose and coupling illustrating the hose, tailpiece and sleeve. 
         FIG. 1B  is a cross-sectional view of the coupling and hose of  FIG. 1  taken along the lines  1 B- 1 B of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 1C  is cross-sectional view taken of the area denoted by reference numeral  1 C in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 1D  is a perspective view of the tailpiece illustrating the exterior contour of the tailpiece and the diamond shaped knurl. 
         FIG. 1E  is a front view of the tailpiece. 
         FIG. 1F  is a cross-sectional view of the tailpiece taken along the lines  1 F- 1 F of  FIG. 1E . 
         FIG. 1G  is an enlarged portion of  FIG. 1F  illustrating the diamond shaped knurl on a portion of the contour/surface of the tailpiece. 
         FIG. 1H  is an enlargement of a portion of  FIG. 1B  illustrating the hose sandwiched between the tailpiece and one half of the sleeve. 
         FIG. 2  is an exploded view of the hose positioned to be slid over the tail piece. 
         FIG. 2A  is an exploded view of the hose residing over the tailpiece. 
         FIG. 2B  is a cross-sectional view of one-half of the sleeve taken along the lines  2 B- 2 B of  FIG. 2A . 
         FIG. 2C  is an exploded view of the hose positioned to be slid over a tail piece (without knurled portions). 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the two halves of the collar. 
         FIG. 3A  is a cross-sectional view of the two halves of the collar taken along the lines  3 A- 3 A of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 3B  is a top view of the collar. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic of the process steps for using the coupling. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  is a front perspective view  100  of the coupling, sleeve halves  106 ,  107 , tailpiece  104 , hose  101 , and collar  102 ,  103 . The collar is made of two halves, a first collar half  102  and a second collar half  103 . The collar halves and tailpiece may be made of any conductive metal such as aluminum or other non-corroding metal. The sleeves  106 ,  107  may be made of nylon or non-corroding metal such as aluminum. A grounding conductor  101 M is illustrated as being slightly raised from the hose surface. The grounding conductor  101 M electrically communicates any electrical potential through the conductor as well as all metal components in communication with the conductor  101 M such as the collar half  102 , tailpiece  104  and sleeve half  106 . 
       FIG. 1C  is cross-sectional view  100 C taken of the area denoted by reference numeral  1 C in  FIG. 1 . The metal grounding conductor  101 M is copper, aluminum or some other highly conductive metal and is illustrated in cross-section in engagement with collar  102 . Collar  102  is, in turn, connected to a truck or is otherwise grounded. Metal grounding conductor  101 M is shielded by sheath  110  as viewed in  FIGS. 1 ,  1 A, and  1 C. Sheath  110  is part of the outer liner of the hose. Grounding conductor  101 M is not necessary if the hose is not transporting dangerous fluids or material which might combust. Metal grounding conductor  102  engages land  152  of the end of collar  102 . Slope  151  forms a mouth of the hose end  104 H of the collars  102 ,  103 . If desired, the metal grounding conductor may engage the sleeve half  106  by cutting back the sheath  110  over the conductor  101 M thus, in effect, extending the length of the conductor. It will be noticed that the hose is manufactured such that the metal grounding conductor  101 M does not extend to the end of the hose. In this way the hose may be cut to the correct length and then slid (pulled over or drawn over) the tailpiece  104 . Referring to  FIG. 2 , which is an exploded view  200  of the hose positioned to be slid over (pulled over or drawn over) the tail piece  104 , reference numeral  201  indicates the direction of the hose  101  as it is positioned over the tailpiece  104 . Hose  101  as viewed in  FIG. 2  may be cut or shortened to the desired length to ensure that the metal grounding conductor  101 M will engage the collar  102 . 
     It is desirable, therefore, to provide a hose  101  using Vectran fiber. The hose includes 3 layers: a liner (unnumbered), a jacket and a cover. The liner and cover  110  are polyurethane. The yarn used for the jacket is Vectran® which has high tensile strength and good strength retention for a wide range of temperatures. Vectran® is a registered trademark of Kuraray Co. Ltd. of Japan. In the circumferential (Weft) direction the pattern is preferably 2-4-2-4 and in the axial (Warp) direction the pattern is 4-2-4-2. Fiber diameter is measured as Denier 10500 in the Warp, 13500 in the Weft. See  FIG. 1C  wherein a weft pattern of 2-4-2-4 is shown. See  FIG. 1H  wherein a weft pattern of 2-1-2-1 is shown. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1C , it will be noticed that the collar  102  is compressing the metal grounding conductor, the outer liner of the hose and the inner liner of the hose against the tailpiece  104 . It will also be noticed that sleeve half  106  abuts interior shoulder  153  and sleeve half  106  also compresses the hose against the tailpiece  104 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the coupling end includes a circumferential groove  105  for interconnection with another coupling device. Sleeve halves  106 ,  107  are interposed between the collars  102 ,  103  and form an exterior which is cylindrically shaped. See  FIG. 1A  which is an exploded assembly view  100 A of the hose  101  and coupling illustrating the hose  101 , tailpiece  104  and sleeve  106 ,  107 . Gap  108  is between first  102  and second  103  coupling halves and is approximately 0.25 inches when the bolts are torqued. See  FIG. 1 . When gap  108  is, for example, 0.25 inches the sleeve halves  106 ,  107  are interengaged as illustrated in  FIG. 1A . Bolts  109 A,  109 B,  109 C and  109 D interengage the second collar half  103  and are threaded into pivot rod  112 . Pivot rod  112  is generally cylindrically shaped and is illustrated interengaging J-shaped seat  113  in the first upper collar half  103 .  FIG. 1A  illustrates the bolts  129 A,  129 B,  129 C and  129 D which share the same configuration only on the opposite side of the hose coupling. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , openings or bolt head wells  111 A,  111 B,  111 C and  111 D and passageways  121 A,  121 B,  121 C and  121 D are illustrated in the second, bottom collar half  103 . The first top collar half  102  includes bolt passageways  131 A,  131 B,  131 C and  131 D. Bolts  109 A-D interengage the shoulders within the walls and when threaded in to the pivot rod  112  exert a clamping force on the sleeve  106 ,  107 . 
       FIG. 1A  is an exploded assembly view  100 A of the hose  101  and coupling additionally illustrating the tailpiece  104  and sleeve  106 ,  107 . The sleeve includes the first half  106  and the second half  107 . First sleeve half  106  includes a set  106 A of six interdigitated fingers and second sleeve half includes a set  1071  of five interdigitated fingers. The interdigitated fingers  106 A interfit with the interdigitated fingers  1071  to form a non-linear part line  199 P and thus the fingers are described herein as interdigitated. In this example a part line  199 P having a general square wave shape is shown. Other shapes such as triangular wave shapes may be used. Further other non-linear shapes may be used. When the first sleeve half  106  and the second sleeve half  107  are brought together as shown in  FIG. 1A  they are within the collar halves  102 ,  103  and the collar urges them into the position illustrated (fully engaged) in  FIG. 1A . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 1A , second, bottom, collar  103  is illustrated together with shoulder  153 . Land  152 , slope  151  and hose end  150  of the collar are illustrated in the collar  103 . Pivot rod  132  is cylindrically shaped and operates against J-shaped pivot rod seat  123 . Shoulder  153  acts as a stop or seat for the first sleeve  106  and the second sleeve  107 . If one side of the collar is secured by shorter threaded bolts which do not protrude significantly above the pivot rod, then the collar is may be rotated about the pivot rod. If the pivot feature is not desired then longer bolts may be used such as those illustrated by reference numerals  109 A-D and  129 A-D. The orientation of bolt passageways  131 A-D,  121 A-D, openings  111 A-D and bolts  109 A-D is viewed in  FIG. 1A . Heads of bolts  109 A-D and bolts  129 A-D are viewed well in  FIG. 1A  and the seats for the bolts are viewed as part of  FIG. 1A . 
       FIG. 1D  is a perspective view  100 D of the tailpiece  104  illustrating the sinusoidally shaped exterior contour of the tailpiece and four diamond shaped knurled surfaces  172 A-D. Other knurl geometries may be machined into a portion of the exterior contour of the tailpiece. The diamond shaped knurled portions may have various thicknesses and use various pitches.  FIG. 1E  is a front view  100 E of the tailpiece  104 . Referring to both  FIGS. 1D and 1E , it will be noticed that each of the diamond shaped knurled surfaces begins at the points on the surface contour of the tailpiece  104  denoted by  178 A-D. Specifically, the position at which the diamond shaped knurled portion begins is equivalent approximately to the sin 30° and then the diamond shaped knurled portion is discontinued at approximately the sin 90° measured with a point of reference being at valley  160 A with a vector rotating counterclockwise. Different sinusoidal waveforms may be used on the surfaces of the tailpiece and on the surfaces of the sleeve. For instance, different frequencies may be used. For example, the sinusoidally shaped exterior contour may be higher or lower in frequency. The sleeve would also include an interior surface which would be at the same higher or lower frequency of the tailpiece. Valleys  160 A-D are low spots or minimums in the tailpiece with the interior of the tailpiece being a low reference. By minimum/valley it is meant that those points are a minimum radial distance from the centerline of the tailpiece. Minimums/valleys occur when sin 0° occurs measured with a point of reference being at valley  160 A with a vector rotating counterclockwise. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1F , a cross-sectional view  100 F of the tailpiece  104  taken along the lines  1 F- 1 F of  FIG. 1E , valleys  160 A-D and peaks (maximums)  162 A-D are illustrated. By peaks and maximums, it is meant that those points are at a maximum radial distance from the centerline of the tailpiece. Peaks/maximums occur when sin 90° occurs measured with a point of reference beginning at valley  160 A with a vector rotating clockwise. The diamond shaped knurled portions  172 A-D of the surface appear as a thin line in  FIG. 1F  on the surface of the tailpiece. FIG.  1  illustrates shoulder  105 A which restricts the hose as it is pulled (or drawn) over the tailpiece. The tailpiece includes an interior surface which is cylindrically shaped. 
     Peaks  162 A-D and valleys  160 A-D of the contour of the exterior surface of the tailpiece are illustrated in  FIGS. 1D ,  1 E, and  1 F. Reference numeral  104 H denotes the hose side of the tailpiece. Recess  190 R receives an elastomeric seal  190  (gasket) as illustrated in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 2  is an exploded view  200  of the hose positioned to be slid over (pulled over or drawn over) the tail piece  104 . Reference numeral  201  indicates the direction of the hose  101  as it is positioned over the tailpiece  104 .  FIG. 1F  illustrates the sinusoidal pattern or undulating pattern of the hose-gripping portion of the exterior surface of the tailpiece  104 . The hose-gripping portion of the tailpiece  104  is the portion to the left of shoulder  105 A when viewing  FIG. 1F . 
       FIG. 1G  is an enlarged portion  100 G of  FIG. 1F  illustrating the diamond shaped knurled portions  172 A of the surface of the tailpiece  104 . The diamond shaped knurled portions begin at approximately the point where sin 30° of a vector rotating counterclockwise is indicated. The diamond shaped knurled surfaces may be made to assume various surface characteristics, for example, the diamond shapes may vary dimensionally. Other shapes may be used instead of the diamond shapes. 
       FIG. 1H  is an enlargement of a portion  100 H of  FIG. 1B  illustrating the hose  101  compressed between the tailpiece  104  and the first half  106  of the sleeve. The diamond shaped knurled portion is indicated by reference numeral  172 A.  FIG. 1H  illustrates that the diamond shaped knurl begins at a point  178 A on the exterior surface of the tailpiece  104 . The smooth contour of the undulating peaks and valleys of the tailpiece and the sleeve do not tear the hose  101  and its warp and weft fibers therein upon high pressurization of the hose and thus application of a large force in the leftward direction on the hose when viewing  FIG. 1H . Additional the diamond shaped knurled surface  172 A does not penetrate into hose  101  very deeply but retains the hose and its outer liner very well. 
       FIGS. 1B and 1H  illustrate that valleys/minimums  160 A-D of the tailpiece correspond to peaks/maximums  164 A-D of the sleeve. The sleeve has as its “low” reference the exterior thereof such that the valleys/minimums occur toward the exterior of the sleeve and that the peaks/maximums occur toward the interior of the sleeve. Further, it can be seen from  FIGS. 1B and 1H  that valleys/minimums  166 A-D of sleeve correspond to peaks/valleys  162 A-D of the tailpiece. 
       FIG. 1B  is a cross-sectional view  100 B of the coupling and hose  101  of  FIG. 1  taken along the lines  1 B- 1 B of  FIG. 1  illustrating the undulating contours of the tailpiece  104  and the sleeves  106 ,  107 . Bolts  109 A-D and their seats, bolts  129 A-D and pivot rod  132 , are viewed in relation to second collar half  103  in  FIG. 1B . 
       FIG. 2A  is an exploded view  200 A of the hose  101  residing over the tailpiece  104 . As viewed in  FIG. 2A , hose  101  is shown over the tailpiece and against the tailpiece shoulder  105 A. Tailpiece shoulder  105 A is illustrated in  FIG. 1F . Maximums/peaks  164 A-D are illustrated in sleeve half  107  as are minimums/valleys  166 A-D. Set  1071  of fingers and set  107 A of fingers are illustrated for sleeve half  107  in  FIG. 2A . Set  1061  of fingers and set  106 A of fingers are illustrated for sleeve half  106  in  FIG. 2A . Each of the fingers is approximately  1  inch long and has a radii of approximately 0.125 inches. Different length fingers and differently shaped fingers may be used. The radii of the fingers occurs at the inner and outer portions of the fingers.  FIG. 2B  is a cross-sectional view  200 B of one-half of the sleeve  107  taken along the lines  2 B- 2 B of  FIG. 2A  illustrating the sinusoidal pattern of the interior portion of the sleeve. Again, minimums  166 A-C and maximums  164 A-D of the sine wave and fingers  107 A are shown in  FIG. 2B . 
     Referring to  FIG. 1A , the sleeve comprises a first sleeve half  106  and a second sleeve half  107 . Set  106 A of six interdigitated fingers and set  1071  of five interdigitated fingers are shown interleaved together. In this view sleeve halves  106  and  107  are shown forming a cylinder. As shown in  FIG. 1A , the hose within the generally cylindrically-shaped sleeve conforms to the interior undulating waveform of the sleeve and the undulating waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece. In so doing, the length of the hose within the intermating undulating waveforms of the tailpiece and the sleeve is longer as the path along a sine wave is longer than the axis of the sine wave. Therefore, additional hose must be slid into the interface between the tailpiece and the sleeve as they are being assembled together as shown in  FIG. 1A . Alternatively, the hose may be longer, initially, overlapping shoulder  105 A and then cut when the sleeves are placed over the hose and the tailpiece. Some hose is trapped between set  106 A of six interdigitated fingers and set  1071  of interdigitated fingers along the part line  199 P. This is because the inside diameter of the hose as shown in  FIG. 2A  is slightly larger than the largest diameter of hose gripping portion (portion to the left of shoulder  105 A) of the tailpiece. When the hose is forced to conform to the waveforms of the sleeve  106 ,  107  and the exterior of the tailpiece  104  there is excess hose which is trapped in the part line  199 P between sleeve halves  106 ,  107 . Part line  199 P forms a square wave such that excess hose is trapped both longitudinally and circumferentially. Differently shaped part lines may be used. Part line  199 P prevents hose perforations when the collar halves  102 ,  103  urge the collar against the sleeve halves  106 ,  107 . It will be noticed that the collars are arranged such that gap  108  therebetween is located approximately 90° from the part line  199 P. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates gap  108  between collar halves  102 ,  103  which is approximately 90° from the unnumbered joint between sleeve  106 ,  107 . 
       FIG. 2C  is an exploded view  200 C of the hose positioned to be slid over a tail piece that does not have a knurled surface. Smaller hose diameters do not require a tail piece with knurled exterior surfaces.  FIG. 2C  illustrates a hose that does not have a metallic grounding wire embedded therein. 
       FIG. 3A  is a cross-sectional view  300 A of the two halves  102 ,  103  of the collar taken along the lines  3 A- 3 A of  FIG. 3  illustrating the slope  151  and land  152  of the mouth of the collar. The slope is approximately 15°. J-shaped portions  113 ,  123  of the respective halves  102 ,  103  are illustrated. Seats  139 A-D are illustrated in  FIG. 3B . Bolts  129 A-D engage seats  139 A-D when the collar is in the clamping state or condition as illustrated in  FIG. 1 . See  FIG. 3 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1B and 1H , the maximums of the sleeve  164 A-D are spaced about 0.150 inches from the minimums of the tailpiece  160 A-D. Similarly the minimums of the sleeve  166 A-D are spaced about 0.150 inches from the maximums of the tailpiece  162 A-D. Simply put, when the sleeve halves  106 ,  107  interengage each other as illustrated in  FIG. 1A , and are tensioned as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , there is a gap of approximately 0.150 inches between the hose gripping portion of the tailpiece and the sleeves. The hose thickness is nominally greater than the gap thickness for the example illustrated in the drawing figures. The drawing figures depict an application for a nominal six inch diameter hose. Nominally the maximum peak to peak diameter of the tailpiece  104  shown in the figures is 6.05 inches (for example  162 A- 162 A) and the nominal minimum valley to valley (for example  160 A- 160 A) diameter is 5.65 inches which represents a sinusoidal exterior waveform having an amplitude of approximately 0.4 inches peak to valley. 
     Similarly, the nominal maximum of the valley to valley diameter of the sleeves  106 ,  107  shown in the figures is 6.35 inches (for example  166 A- 166 A) and the nominal peak to peak diameter is 5.95 inches (for example  164 A- 164 A) which represents a sinusoidal interior waveform having an amplitude of approximately 0.4 inches peak to valley. The hose is compressed as illustrated in  FIG. 1H  within the sleeve  106 ,  107  and the tailpiece  104  and a portion of the hose is pinched between part line  199 P. See  FIG. 1A . When the sleeve is urged by the collar halves  103 ,  104  into the position illustrated schematically in  FIG. 1A , the outside diameter of the sleeve  106 ,  107  is 6.90 inches. The inner diameter of the collar is 6.90 inches when the bolts are tightened within the pivot rods to achieve an approximate gap  108  of 0.25 inches. Sleeve  106 ,  107  is made of aluminum which prevents collar  102 ,  103  over-tightening. 
     Different hose sizes and differently dimensioned tailpieces, sleeves and collars may be used. The examples are given as ways to implement the invention and those skilled in the art will recognize that changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic  400  of the process steps for using the coupling. The steps include sliding a hose over the exterior of a tailpiece  401 ; positioning first and second sleeves into engagement with the exterior of the hose  402 ; each sleeve has fingers for interengagement with fingers from another half of the sleeve, and each sleeve includes undulating interior surfaces; positioning first and second collar halves into engagement with first and second sleeves such that the joint between the first and second collars is rotationally offset from the interengagment of the interdigitated fingers of the sleeves  403 ; clamping the first and second sleeves to the hose  404 ; torqueing, uniformly, the collars to each other urging them into forceful engagement with the sleeves, and, compressing the hose between the undulating exterior surface of the tailpiece and the undulating interior surface of the sleeves  405 . 
     The method for coupling hose may accomplish clamping and torqueing with the use of pivot rods. The pivot rods reside in J-shaped slots in the exterior portions of the first and second collar halves. The pivot rods are threadedly interconnected with bolts secured within a respective one of the first and second collar halves. The J-shaped slots enable rotation of one of said first and second coupling halves with respect to the other enabling removal of the hose from the coupling for reuse thereof. Alternatively, instead of using the pivot rods the bolts may directly thread into the other half of the coupling. 
     REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       100 -a front perspective view of the coupling and hose. 
       100 A-an exploded assembly view of the hose and coupling illustrating the hose, tailpiece and sleeve 
       100 B-a cross-sectional view of the coupling and hose of  FIG. 1  taken along the lines  1 B- 1 B of  FIG. 1   
       100 C-a cross-sectional view of the coupling and hose of  FIG. 1  illustrating the grounding wire engaging the collar 
       100 D-a perspective view of the tailpiece illustrating the exterior contour of the tailpiece and the diamond shaped knurl thereon 
       100 E-a front view of the tailpiece 
       100 E-a cross-sectional view of the tailpiece taken along the lines  1 F- 1 F of  FIG. 1E   
       100 G-an enlarged portion of  FIG. 1F  illustrating the diamond shaped knurl on a portion of the surface of the tailpiece 
       100 H-an enlargement of a portion of  FIG. 1B  illustrating the hose sandwiched between the tailpiece and one half of the sleeve the sleeve 
       101 -hose 
       101 M-grounding wire embedded in hose 
       102 -first, top collar half 
       103 -bottom collar half 
       104 -tailpiece, coupling end 
       104 H-tailpiece, hose end 
       105 -mating groove for coupling end connection to another fitting, pump or truck 
       105 A-shoulder which is abutted by hose material 
       106 -first sleeve half 
       106 A-set of six fingers of first sleeve half  106   
       1061 -set of five fingers of first sleeve half  106   
       107 -second sleeve half 
       1071 -set of five fingers of second sleeve half  107   
       107 A-set of six fingers of second sleeve  107  (interdigitated finger) 
       108 -gap in collar 
       109 A-threaded bolt 
       109 B-threaded bolt 
       109 C-threaded bolt 
       109 D-threaded bolt 
       110 -encased grounding wire 
       111 A-bolt head well 
       111 B-bolt head well 
       111 C-bolt head well 
       111 D-bolt head well 
       112 -threaded pivot rod 
       113 -J-shaped pivot rod seat in first, top collar 
       121 A-passageway for bolt in second, bottom collar 
       121 B-passageway for bolt in second, bottom collar 
       121 C-passageway for bolt in second, bottom collar 
       121 D-passageway for bolt in second, bottom collar 
       123 -J-shaped pivot rod seat 
       129 A-threaded bolt 
       129 B-threaded bolt 
       129 C-threaded bolt 
       129 D-threaded bolt 
       131 A-passageway for bolt in first, top collar 
       131 B-passageway for bolt in first, top collar 
       131 C-passageway for bolt in first, top collar 
       131 D-passageway for bolt in first, top collar 
       132 -threaded pivot rod 
       150 -end of collar 
       151 -sloped hose inlet of collar 
       152 -land in inlet of collar 
       153 -shoulder of collar 
       160 A-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       160 B-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       160 C-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       160 D-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       162 A-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       162 B-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       162 C-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       162 D-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the exterior of the tailpiece 
       164 A-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of second sleeve 
       164 B-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of second sleeve 
       164 C-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of second sleeve 
       164 D-peak (high point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of second sleeve 
       166 A-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of the second sleeve tailpiece 
       166 B-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of the second sleeve tailpiece 
       166 C-valley (low point) of the sinusoidal waveform of the interior of the second sleeve tailpiece 
       172 A-diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       172 B-diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       172 C-diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       172 D-diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       178 A-starting place of the diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       178 B-starting place of the diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       178 C-starting place of the diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       178 D-starting place of the diamond shaped knurled portion of the sinusoidal waveform on the exterior of the tailpiece 
       190 -recess for seal  190   
       190 R-recess for seal  190   
       199 P-zig-zag parting line between interdigitated fingers of each sleeve 
       200 -an exploded view of the hose positioned to be slid over the tail piece 
       201 -arrow indicating the direction of movement of the hose 
       200 A-an exploded view of the hose residing over the coupling  104   
       200 B-a cross-sectional view of one-half of the sleeve taken along the lines  2 B- 2 B of  FIG. 2A   
       200 C-hose positioned to be slid over a tailpiece which is not knurled 
       300 -a perspective view of the two halves of the collar 
       300 A-a cross-sectional view of the two halves of the collar taken along the lines  3 A- 3 A of  FIG. 3   
       300 B-a top view of the collar 
       400 -schematic of process steps for using the coupling 
       401 -sliding a hose over the exterior of a tailpiece 
       402 -positioning first and second sleeves into engagement with the outside of the hose, each sleeve having interdigitated fingers for interengagement with the sleeve, and each sleeve includes undulating interior surfaces 
       403 -positioning first and second collar halves into engagement with first and second sleeves such that the joint between the first and second collars is rotationally offset from the interengagment of the interdigitated fingers of the sleeves 
       404 -clamping the first and second sleeves to the hose 
       405 -torqueing, uniformly, the collars to each other urging them into forceful engagement with the sleeves; and, compressing the hose between the undulating exterior surface of the tailpiece and the undulating interior surface of the sleeves 
     Those skilled in the art will realize that the invention has been set forth by way of example only and that changes may be made to the examples shown herein without departing from the spirit and the scope of the claims which have been appended hereto.