Patent Publication Number: US-2017366866-A1

Title: Systems and methods for displaying wind characteristics and effects within a broadcast

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/091,502, filed Dec. 13, 2014, and is a Continuation-In-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/804,637 filed Jul. 21, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present disclosure relates to systems and methods for displaying wind characteristics and effects within a broadcast. In exemplary embodiments, the present disclosure relates to improved methods for measuring wind characteristics at a venue or systematically analyzing a broadcast and displaying wind effects within that broadcast. 
     While general identification of objects within a broadcast has been known, there is room in the field for improvement, for example by displaying wind characteristics within a broadcast, as is described herein. 
     Accordingly, the following disclosure describes display of wind characteristics within a broadcast, either by sampling wind via at least one sampling point or by analyzing a broadcast to determine wind characteristics therein. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure presents an improved system and method for displaying wind characteristics and effects in a broadcast. The disclosure also relates to tracking and tagging of any kind of objects, inclusive of highlighting of objects and overlays of information, such as distance, projected trajectories, and environmental conditions, such as wind, heat and terrain. 
     Exemplary embodiments provide a system and method for displaying wind characteristics and effects in a broadcast, comprising: utilizing a camera to record a broadcast; determining wind characteristics relative to the broadcast; and rendering graphics in a broadcast displaying said wind. In exemplary embodiments, wind is sampled via at least one sampling point in a venue and wind characteristics are displayed in the broadcast. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, wind characteristics are determined from analyzation of said broadcast. In other exemplary embodiments wind is analyzed relative to environmental conditions, such as ground or atmospheric effects of wind. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, wind effects on objects in the broadcast are displayed, such as effects on a ball, a vehicle and a player, with overlaying a graphic on said broadcast indicative of wind effects. 
     In exemplary embodiments, one or more objects within a broadcast are tracked (tracking includes locating or identifying) and tagged with information, e.g., information relevant to a play or to performance of an athlete on a field of play. 
     The above discussed and other features and advantages of the present invention will be appreciated and understood by those skilled in the art from the following detailed description and drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Referring now to the drawings, wherein like elements are numbered alike in the following FIGURES: 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete on a field of play; 
         FIG. 2  is another illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete on a field of play; 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete with faded statistics; 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete with additional player statistics; 
         FIG. 5  is another illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete with faded statistics; 
         FIG. 6  is an illustration of plural exemplary tracked athletes; 
         FIG. 7  is an illustration of exemplary tracked athletes with partially displayed statistics; 
         FIG. 8  is an illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete with game statistics; 
         FIG. 9  is an illustration of an exemplary tracked athlete with disappearing statistics; 
         FIG. 10  is an illustration of an exemplary replay functions; 
         FIG. 11  is an illustration of exemplary graphic functions; 
         FIG. 12  is an illustration of an exemplary operator&#39;s user interface; 
         FIG. 13  is an illustration of an exemplary camera and setup; 
         FIG. 14  is an illustration of an exemplary camera and image capture; 
         FIG. 15  is an exemplary system plan in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16  is another exemplary system plan in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17  is an exemplary workstation layout in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 18  is another exemplary workstation layout in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 19  is an exemplary graphical user interface of a 4K captured image with a 720p selectable extraction window; 
         FIG. 20  illustrates an exemplary embodiment showing relative extractions. 
         FIG. 21  is an exemplary first system for capturing and transporting a 4K image to an offsite processor and graphical user interface; 
         FIG. 22  is an exemplary second system for capturing and processing a 4K image onsite, followed by transport of a high definition image offsite; 
         FIG. 23  illustrates an exemplary golf screenshot with highlighting; 
         FIG. 24  illustrates an exemplary golf screenshot with highlighting and additional overlays; 
         FIG. 25  illustrates another exemplary golf screenshot with highlighting and additional overlays; 
         FIG. 26  illustrates an exemplary golf screenshot with range information and other overlays; 
         FIG. 27  illustrates an exemplary camera system; 
         FIG. 28  illustrates an exemplary golf screenshot with range and environmental information; 
         FIG. 29  illustrates an exemplary racing screenshot with wind overlays; 
         FIG. 30  illustrates another exemplary racing screenshot with wind overlays; 
         FIG. 31  illustrates an exemplary football screenshot with wind overlays; 
         FIG. 32  illustrates an exemplary golf hole highlighting effect; 
         FIG. 33  illustrates the exemplary highlighting effect of  FIG. 32  just prior to sinking of a putt; 
         FIG. 34  illustrates the exemplary highlighting effect of  FIG. 33  after sinking of a putt with collapse of the highlight; 
         FIG. 35  illustrates an exemplary mapped green; 
         FIG. 36  illustrates the green of  FIG. 35  without substantial shading; 
         FIG. 37  illustrates the green of  FIG. 36  with partial shading; 
         FIG. 38  illustrates the green of  FIG. 37  with additional shading; 
         FIG. 39  illustrates the green of  FIG. 38  with additional shading; 
         FIG. 40  illustrates an exemplary broadcast frame with plural lie zones indicated thereon; 
         FIG. 41  illustrates an exemplary green with hole highlighting as well as indications of desirable or less desirable zones; 
         FIG. 42  illustrates another exemplary green with hole highlighting as well as indications of desirable or less desirable zones; 
         FIG. 43  illustrates an exemplary flow chart for implementing overlays indicative of more or less desirable zones; and 
         FIG. 44  illustrates exemplary thermographic effects relative to a freestyle skiing event. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As was noted above, the present disclosure relates to an improved system and method for displaying wind characteristics and effects in a broadcast. The following disclosure relates generally to tracking and tagging of any kind of objects, but also specifically addresses display of wind. 
     Tracking and Tagging Objects in General 
     In exemplary embodiments, one or more objects within a broadcast are tracked and tagged with information, e.g., information relevant to a play or to performance of an athlete on a field of play. 
     An automated system might track one, a plurality or all players on a field, such that an operator may easily select one or more players during a broadcast. Such selection may permit an operator to supply, or may present one or more pre-selected options, e.g., statistics in general or relevant to a given play (e.g., number of successful completions for a receiver in general or given a particular circumstance), statistics relevant to a given player. 
     Other exemplary embodiments provide for video overlay of such statistics during (or after) a broadcast of information, e.g., statistics, name, etc., relevant to a player. Such video may be static or dynamic, fully or partially displayed (e.g., when a player moves off the broadcasted display), solid, faded, phased in or out, colored, etc. 
     It should be noted that partial display of information relates to the idea that tagging need not be specifically related to a displayed broadcast image, but rather to the recorded images, whether selectively displayed or not during a broadcast. Tracking and tagging can be larger than the displayed portion during broadcast, and can wander in and out of the broadcast image itself, as desired or not. Further, delayed tracking, or delayed broadcast is contemplated, to allow an operator or an animator to tag a player of interest, if real time is not sufficient for either or any party. Such tagging may be via linked terminals or via wireless devices, such as tablets, which are either generally associated with the network or specifically identified to the network (e.g., assigned to a specific animator, operator, etc.). 
     Exemplary embodiments also provide for tracking of one or plural players across a field, wherein the video information perfectly or imperfectly follows a player during play motion. Imperfect follow may be desired in certain circumstances, e.g., to enhance the perceived motion of the player, e.g., during breaking of a tackle, a particular cut or breakout move. Further, rise or fade of a statistic graphic can be strategically orchestrated to prevent distraction from a play but also to provide unobtrusive secondary information to a viewer of broadcast content. The various attached FIGURES illustrate the point, e.g., partial entry of Andrew Hawkins (this is a simulated overlay on an established game) for a kickoff return. 
     For example,  FIG. 1  illustrates Andrew Hawkins, shown generally at  100 , entering a right hand frame of a punt return. In this sequence, Hawkins is tracked, but the overlay, shown generally at  102 , optionally only displays part of his information (since he is only just within the frame). As he moves into the frame, e.g. at  FIG. 2 , his information  102  is completely illustrated, in this case team  104 , number  106  and name  108 . At  FIG. 3 , we see a tackle, shown generally at  110 , between ten and fifteen yards, and optionally, his information fades from the broadcast. 
     A similar example is proved at  FIGS. 4-5 , wherein Antone Smith  100  is shown in position on a first and ten play, without significant play (other than spreading of defense), with fully displayed information  102 , in this case team  104 , number  106 , name  108 , rushing  112  and yardage  114 , followed by fade of the animation immediately prior to the action, shown generally at  116  in  FIG. 5 . 
       FIGS. 6-7  illustrate plural tracked players (in this case two), shown generally at  100  and  118 , respectively, though the number of possible tracked objects (balls, lines, field marks, coaches, other marks)/players should not be limited in the present disclosure. In this case, Asante Samuel  100  and A. J. Green  118  face off, but in  FIG. 7 , as the broadcast image shifts, the tagged information  102  partially moves off-screen for the broadcast. 
       FIGS. 8 and 9  provide another example of tagging, wherein Greg Jennings  100  is clearly tagged at  102  in  FIG. 8  during a play shift, followed by  FIG. 9  at the snap with the tagged information  102  fading so as not to distract from the play. 
     The presently described systems and methods advantageously provide tracking of objects (e.g., players) of any number. One embodiment provides tracking of five players on each side of an event (e.g., basketball). Others provide tracking of the five for each, plus the “sixth man,” i.e., certain or all of the fans, or commentator, (e.g., Dick Vitale), such that interesting events outside the actual field can be either automatically or manually recognized as potentially valuable to broadcast. An automatic identification can be related to prior recognized statistics or importance (e.g., game, series, etc. statistics, social media relevance, celebrity status, etc.). 
     Advantageously, exemplary present systems and methods provide for plural replay functions, e.g., name identifier  108 , highlight circle  126  (replay halos, which may be done post production), player trail and speed  128 , as is illustrated in  FIG. 10 . Further, various graphic functions may be employed, as in  FIG. 11  or otherwise, including, e.g., name identifier  108 , in-game stats  120 , season stats  122 , player or coach comments and custom notes  124 . 
     Other exemplary embodiments are described in the context of an exemplary golf application. For example, players, golf balls, golf holes, terrain, etc., may be tracked or tagged. Such items may be highlighted or otherwise emphasized for better broadcast visibility and tracking of play.  FIG. 23  illustrates exemplary highlighting of a hole  302  on a green  304  of a golf course, shown generally at  300 . 
     Additionally, information overlays, such as rangefinder information, terrain grades or other environmental conditions, such as wind or temperature information may be provided.  FIG. 24  illustrates, in addition to highlighting of a hole  302 , the addition of an exemplary information overlay  306 , in this case describing distance to the hole  302  from a golf ball  308 , as well as information as to the terrain, in this case that the terrain breaks right to left.  FIG. 25  illustrates an additional overlaid ring  310  around hole  302  for better visibility. 
     With regard to distances, in exemplary embodiments, an on-air broadcast camera can be calibrated to show distances from a golfer (or other point of interest) to regions of interest on a golf course. These distances can be pre-set or chosen live on-air to highlight something specific.  FIG. 26  illustrates a projected trajectory  312  from the ball  308  to the pin  314  as well as information overlays with identification and distances from the ball  308  to the pin and two bunkers, shown generally at  316 ,  318  and  320 .  FIG. 26  also shows an information overlay  322  indicating the hole number and stroke count. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, alternate views, such as ball path or trajectory views may also be shown or artificially generated and overlaid or substituted for primary feeds, or provided as second screen views. Exemplary views include virtual flyovers, with or without player shots, which may be dynamically or manually plotted. Tracking may be assisted with GPS, radar, plural cameras (including elevated cameras, drones, high contrast cameras, etc.), and/or references tied to or associated with particular courses or course portions, among others.  FIG. 27  illustrates exemplary fairway cameras, with a first camera  324  being suspended from an overhead track  326  and a second camera  328  movable via wheels  330 . 
       FIG. 28  illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an information overlay  332  such camera(s) or other equipment can provide, in this embodiment including player name  334 , stroke count  336 , distance to the pin  338 , location on the fairway (shown generally at  340  in differing formats), and environmental factors, such as wind (shown generally at  342  in differing formats). 
     Displaying Wind 
       FIG. 29  additionally shows an exemplary environmental overlay illustrating wind effects  344  over a race car track  346 . Wind (and other environmental aspects, such as temperature, etc.) may be measured and overlaid or simulated relative to the broadcast. With respect to wind, it may be measured at one end of a venue or venue portion. Simulations of current conditions may be exported to and animated from VIS RT or any enabled 3D renderer, overlaying the field of play. These simulations may be placed in perspective over a live picture and can track and remain in perspective. 
     With respect to thermography,  FIG. 44  illustrates generally at  350  thermographic effects relative to a freestyle skiing event. As can be seen, varying levels of heat signatures in the image may be seen, for example at hot portion  352  and relatively colder portion  354 . 
     Additionally, multiple sampling points may be integrated into the analysis, or an image may be analyzed relative to ground or atmospheric effects of wind (or other environmental conditions), e.g., dust, heat waves and its motion relative to waves, etc.  FIG. 30  illustrates wind effects  344  not just over the track  346 , but also over surrounding structures and tracks.  FIG. 31  illustrates wind effects  344  relative to a football field  348 . 
     Additionally, such information can reveal effects on the broadcast itself, or as an overlay on objects within the broadcast, e.g., effects on a race car, effects on a ball in play, etc. With regard to thermography (utilizing cameras or other sensors detecting heat), hot spots or cold spots may be detected and displayed, e.g., indicative of exertion or injury of a player, heat of a vehicle or surface, etc. Such thermography is useful in various broadcasts, e.g., sailing, baseball or cricket (heat indicative of a bat hitting the ball), soccer, football, racing, boxing or UFC. As noted above, thermographic, IR, etc. cameras may be used alongside broadcast cameras to detect heat. 
     Exemplary embodiments also provide for improved edit software, including, without limitation: “fly” between cameras, virtual camera angles, stop motion action, enhanced telestration and visual analysis, etc. The present disclosure may also be used for pre-produced packages, live-in-studio, and large scale events. 
     As we have noted, in exemplary embodiments, terrain, golf holes, etc. may be tracked and tagged. Further, tracking may include references tied to or associated with particular courses and course portions. Additionally, we have noted that overlay information may be generated from specific animators, operators, coaches, players, etc. 
     In exemplary embodiments, an expert&#39;s input (e.g., a golf professional) is provided as a graphical overlay on a golf course indicating desirable and/or undesirable portions of terrain (e.g., portions of a fairway, green, etc.). For example, such a golf professional may identify on a given golf course hole good and/or bad spots to land a ball from a tee shot, taking into account objective and optionally subjective factors (including e.g., places that might leave a golfer in an adverse position in considering a following shot). In exemplary embodiments, “good” and “bad” places could be shown as a graphical overlay, e.g., with green and red zones, respectively. 
     For example,  FIG. 40  illustrates an exemplary golf hole broadcast image, shown generally at  500 , showing exemplary aspects of a golf hole, for example, a tee-off area  510 , a fairway  512 , a green  514  with a pin  516  and various bunkers  518 .  FIG. 40  also illustrates various exemplary banner information, for example the station identifier banner  530 , the hole identifier banner  532 , the wind condition banner  534  and the player board banner  536 . In relevant part, this exemplary embodiment illustrates at least one, and in this case two, zones according to desirable lies. 
     In  FIG. 40 , a first zone  520  illustrates (for example in green) a desirable lie from a tee shot. As is illustrated any illustrated zone may also designate levels of desirability, in this exemplary case, shown as concentric circles, with inner circles being more desirable. However, other representations of more or less desirable lies within any given zone may be utilized, for example and without limitation non-uniform concentric shapes, alpha-numerical designators, target indicators, etc. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 40 , a second zone  522  illustrates (for example in red) a non-desirable lie, in this case utilizing hash lines across an entire shape. However, as above, various levels of desirability may also be illustrated within any given zone. Further, these zones may adjust or shift, in real time or periodically, according to players or conditions, e.g., as wind effects change during play. 
       FIG. 41  illustrates an exemplary green  514 , with a pin  516  and pin highlight indicator  538  with a first  520  and second  522  zone indicated thereon. This FIGURE also underscores the teachings herein that multiple aspects described herein may be combined, in this case, hole highlighting and zone indication.  FIG. 42  illustrates another exemplary combination, with hole highlighting (in this case with variable density shading, along with zone indication. 
       FIG. 43  illustrates an exemplary flowchart, with input by an expert, analyst, etc., notation and/or overlay on a map, in general.  FIG. 43  further indicates a more specific contemplated embodiment, including: at box  540 , discussions with a golf pro/analyst wherein such decides which areas are good fairway options (for a good zone, e.g., green) and which are bad (for a less desirable zone, e.g., red); at box  542 , notations and identification of such information in a two-dimensional map of the course; at box  544 , translation of such (e.g., freehand notations) into a three-dimensional model, possibly pulled from a third party technology provider, among other sources; and at box  546 , providing such pre-identified zones as a layer that is mapped to enhanced cameras for availability with live and pre-recorded segments. 
     The above also indicates that representations, maps, etc. of any golf course, hole, green, etc., may be acquired in any number of ways or pulled from any number of sources. In one exemplary embodiment, a golf professional would look over the mapped terrain and assign such “good” and “bad” places (e.g., on a hole by hole basis, among others). These assigned places could be any size or shape, as desired, in order to take into account varying factors such as length of the preceding shot, anticipated conditions of the terrain, time of day, lighting, wind conditions, physical capabilities of players, contestant skill sets, etc. Further, these places may be updated based upon change to any factors, such as condition of the terrain, characteristics of any given player, environmental conditions, unanticipated hazards, etc. 
     In exemplary embodiments, indications of such places may be entered by the professional using a user interface, e.g., a tablet or other mobile device, or by another editor or operator. In exemplary embodiments, a user inputs such data on a 3D rendering of a course from a course map. Further exemplary embodiments, provide a 3D rendering of a course from specific pre-determined camera shots (from the vantage points of those cameras), with the information overlaid relative thereto. 
       FIG. 32  illustrates another exemplary overly as a golf hole highlighting effect  410 . This exemplary embodiment provides augmented reality for highlighting of a golf hole, with graphics on a green. Advantageously, such embodiments provide direction for a viewer for golf holes that are sometimes difficult to see on a green once the pin has been removed. In other exemplary embodiments, such highlighting is performed automatically via control software that measures relative shading on a green to determine whether such highlighting is advantageous (e.g., by exceeding some difference threshold in shading or other property). 
       FIG. 33  illustrates the exemplary highlighting effect of  FIG. 32  just prior to sinking of a putt, with a close-up of the hole and highlight.  FIG. 34  illustrates the exemplary highlighting effect of  FIG. 33  after sinking of a putt with an exemplary collapse of the highlight, emphasizing sinking of the putt. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, a lidar scan of a golf course is utilized to provide data (in exemplary embodiments, exact data) for topography, distance, scale, etc. Such data may be incorporated with camera calibration and/or pixel tracking data, with mapping of graphics to the course, including hole highlights, yard markers, player identifiers, etc. Other exemplary embodiments provide for insertion of three dimensional objects, such as virtual leaderboards, advertisements, etc. 
     With regard to the above example describing highlighting of a golf hole, using lidar or otherwise, or any examples presented herein, such methods and systems are also applicable to other broadcasts where highlighting of an object might be desirable, including without limitation, tennis, baseball, football, skiing, etc. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 35 , another exemplary embodiment provides an exemplary mapped green  420 , which as further FIGURES will illustrate, provides a graphical enhancement of a green by displaying shadows to emphasize the topography of a green. This exemplary embodiment seeks to dramatically show the undulations of a green by displaying a graphic that appears as shadows cast at an angle (mapping of the green via the white dots is not necessary).  FIG. 36  illustrates the green of  FIG. 35  without substantial shading.  FIG. 37  illustrates the green of  FIG. 36  with partial shading.  FIG. 38  illustrates the green of  FIG. 37  with additional shading.  FIG. 39  illustrates the green of  FIG. 38  with additional shading. 
     As above, such mechanisms may employ manually or automatically. If automatically, a system may determine that a level of shading would be desirable, e.g., by comparing levels of shading or color on a green surface. 
     Also, as above, a lidar scan of a golf course may be utilized to provide such data for a green. Matching a three dimensional model of the course from the lidar scan and marrying it to the live video, the system can control the relative intensity of the gradation effect, as well as direction of the virtual light source on the green. 
     With regard to the above example describing acquiring topography of a golf course, using lidar or otherwise, or any examples presented herein, such methods and systems are also applicable to other broadcasts where highlighting of an object might be desirable, including without limitation, tennis, baseball, football, skiing, etc. 
     User Interfaces 
     Further, it should not be ignored that various implementations, including those described below, may use touchscreens as interfacing for controlling any of the various described functions. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates an exemplary user interface (UI), shown generally at  130 , which enables selective view  131 , capture, replay  133 , etc. of various cameras, shown generally as selections  132 , on an event. As can be seen from the figure, this exemplary embodiment is tracking ten players (offense  134  vs. defense  136 ), and allows for one or more selections via an operator. In exemplary embodiments, one or more monitors may be provided to the operator in order to further facilitate tracking of plural athletes. Also, as can be seen from the figure, the UI contemplates favorites  138 , auto  140  and manual  142  modes, highlight  144 , swap  146 , audio  148 , disk  150  and extra  152  modes, as well as animate commands  154 . With reference to the tracked players, but without limitation, this particular embodiment facilitates player (one or more) selection of statistics, shown generally at  156 , game  158 , season  160  or text  162  related. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates an exemplary camera setup, showing a camera array generally at  164 , as well as a camera hang setup (e.g., 21 feet on the field center line), shown generally at  166 , for football.  FIG. 14  shows captured image  168  from cameras  170 . 
       FIGS. 15-18  illustrate an exemplary control setup for such a system, including in-stadium components  172 , A-Unit components  174 , B-Unit components  176  and C-Unit components  178 .  FIGS. 15 and 16  illustrate camera arrays  180  and an operator laptop  182  and connection  186  via an L3 Box  184  to a router  188  and firewall  190  in the A-Unit. B-Unit includes control engines  192 , Viz engines  194 , Viz Treos  196  and top font cam processing systems  198  alongside a UI computer  200 . C-Unit shows SportVision systems  202 . A stats laptop  204  is also illustrated in the B-Unit. 
       FIG. 17  shows the graphics racks  206  surrounded by various studio stations, including audio submix  208 , TD  210 , Director  212 , Producer  214 , 8 Second Guy  216 , AD  218 , Exec  220 , Tech manager  222 , stats  224 , FoxBox Op  226 , Topfont operator  228 , Stats Op  230 , Viz BA  232 , Viz Op  234 , along with SportVision 1&amp;10  236  in an edit room  238 , a 4K operator  240  and a Game Edit  242 . 
     In an exemplary embodiment, Network Connectivity vs. Systems Closed Network include Cat5 to camera, Fiber to Camera or Fiber to truck, with an unobstructed view of field, a monitor showing previews of all renders, a program monitor, and a PL station with Iso to TopFont Operator (e.g., with a 2 Channel beltpack or a KP Panel). Two or more single mode fibers may be used for the monitoring feed, potentially a 3 rd  to put on a RVON KP panel. 
     In exemplary embodiments, optical tracking tracks moving objects on a field of play. This includes any type of tracking, be it image recognition, motion sensitive indication of possible tracking, etc. 
     An exemplary system is proposed below as Example 1: 
     Example 1 Scope 
     This procedure applies to \ “A” Crew, but could be applied in general to any originated broadcast for which TracAB is desired. 
     This will apply to the operations on site. It is assumed that all the under the hood workings between affiliates are working. 
     Example 1 Roles 
     TracAB Operator—Primarily responsible for performing field alignment of TracAB cameras and tagging players during the event. Communicates with TopFont Operator with regards to the status of the objects currently being tracked. Located in the stadium in a location that allows for an unobstructed view of the field. Works with department with regards to obtaining available fiber in the building. Works with Sports Audio department with regards to setting up Intercom at operating position. Troubleshoot TracAB system as needed. Relays to Tech Manager any issues with setup or operation of equipment in a timely fashion. 
     TopFont Operator—Primarily responsible for inserting TopFonts during broadcast using company provided touchscreen interface. Communicates with Producer, Director, Stats, Graphics BA in identifying what graphics are needed when. Also works with Tape Room for enhancements on replays. Communicates with TracAB Operator regarding key players that need to be tagged for each series. Troubleshoot TopFont system as needed. Relays any issues with setup or operation of equipment to Tech Manager in a timely fashion. 
     First and 10 Operator—Builds provided tripods and panheads for 4 camera locations. Calibrates those panheads and cameras for use for both the First and 10 system and the TopFont System. Verifies connectivity to the TopFont System. Operates First and 10 system during game. Troubleshoots First and 10 system, Pan, Tilt, Zoom data as needed. Relays any issues with setup or operation of equipment to Tech Manager, Technical Director and EIC in a timely fashion. 
     EVS Operators—Verify that all machines are setup to record and playback RP-188 Timecode properly. Performs test with Technical Director and TopFont Operator on set day to verify. Relays any issues with operation of Equipment to Tech Manager and EIC in a timely fashion. 
     Mobile Unit Engineers—Works to integrate systems into the broadcast both from a video standpoint and a networking standpoint. Verify all signals are present and acceptable. Assist TracAB Operator, TopFont Operator, First and 10 Operator with troubleshooting as able. 
     Example 1 Definitions and Acronyms 
     TracAB—Optical tracking system consisting of 2 camera arrays, a processing computer and a tracking computer. In this instance, it will be used to provide positioning information of objects (players) in a 3D space for the use of inserting informational graphics. These devices will be networked together using gigabit Ethernet switches on their own closed network. The processing computer will be connected via a second NIC to the graphics network. 
     TopFont—TopFonts to be delivered as a composited HD-SDI version of one of 4 cameras through 4 separate renderers. The system consists of a User Interface computer with a touch screen and 4 rendering computers. Each of these 5 computers will be networked together using gigabit Ethernet switches to the graphics network. 
     First and 10—The system which currently inserts the down and distance (“yellow line”). 
     Media Converter—An optical-electrical converter. In this case, it is used for the purpose of converting Ethernet to fiber in the stadium, and then fiber back to Ethernet at the truck location. 
     BDN—Fox&#39;s Broadcast Data Network used as the graphics network on the NFL Games. 
     Fiber Optic Cable—In this document any Fiber optic cable will be referring to single mode fiber unless otherwise specified. 
     GBE Switch—A managed switch capable of transmissions of 1 gbps between ports. 
     Example 1 Procedural Steps 
     Example 1 Initial Integration 
     Identify space for 4 RU of processing computers. Install Processing computers in racks. Install GBE switch for closed network. Connect NIC 1 from each processing computer to the GBE Switch for closed network. Set IP Address information on NIC 2 of systems provided processing computers using IP information for the graphics network. 
     HD-SDI input and output need to be connected to each renderer and made available in production switcher and routing switcher. Preview output of each TopFont Render will be provided by a scan-converted output. This needs to be made available in the routing switcher. 
     First and 10 System is installed as normal. The First and 10 system is not included in the 20 RU count. 
     Set IP address information on each of the provided computers (rendering engines, user interface computers) using IP information for the graphics network. (Hopefully the IP Address information can be provided before the machines ship, but this may not be the case). 
     Connect each of the provided computers to the gigabit Ethernet switch that contains the graphics network. Connect Top Font Operator User Interface position. Turn on all computers and verify network connectivity between all devices in the truck. 
     Example 1 Weekly TracAB Setup 
     TracAB mounting locations are verified with stadium personnel and Tech Manager. TracAB cameras unloaded out of C-Unit and transported into Stadium. TracAB camera arrays are mounted. 
     Take Reference picture from alongside each TracAB camera array. Power is needed at each TracAB array. Ethernet Cable is used to connect from one TracAB array to the other. 
     If the distance is too great for GBE signals to pass, or it is not physically possible to run a CAT-5 Cable between the cameras, a set of GBE Capable media converters may be used between the cameras. One TracAB array is connected to the closed Hego Systems network in the truck via a Gigabit capable media converter. The other TracAB array is connected to the TracAB operators laptop by Ethernet cable. If the distance is too great for GBE signals to pass, or it is not physically possible to run a CAT-5 Cable between the camera and the operating position, a set of GBE Capable media converters may be used between the camera and the operating position or the truck and the operating position. 
     TracAB Operator sets up operating position consisting of video monitor, laptop computer and intercom. TracAB Operator calibrates arrays and verifies everything with regards to the TracAB system is functioning properly. TracAB Operator reports to Tech Manager when system is fully operational. 
     An exemplary user Interface (UI) that may be used to tag the players is described immediately below: 
     Exemplary cameras track the players and send the information to a computer. An operator on the computer either: manually tags the players; views an automatic tag; or confirms an automatic tag. This data is passed onto a computer where an operator can now render the appropriate graphic to air. 
     Optical tracking tracks moving objects on a field of play, which can be a relatively manual process of assigning the proper player to the right moving object. However, additional exemplary embodiments may work as follows: 
     Exemplary processes and workflow allow tagging of players quickly. This can include moving the physical tagging process to the truck, instead of at stands or by the cameras. The present disclosure also suggests various strategies to tag players using game cameras, e.g., routing appropriate game cameras to the operator for more efficient tagging. 
     The present disclosure also describes a wholly different way to track players, such as a method of having the graphics operator be able to tag players from his user interface, by potentially using his touchscreen. 
     The present disclosure also contemplates a reverse tagging method, to relate a player on the screen on the field and ask the tagging computer which player is closest to the place on the field which was touched on the other computer. It may then tag the appropriate player with the object that is closest on the field. 
     Further, this technology may be used for advantage with greater than HD technology, particularly in area of interest highlight. For example, the greater than HD technology described herein may be utilized in combination with player tracking, etc. Exemplary embodiments also contemplate, in addition to that described below, a preset and controlled extraction window that pans, scans and/or zooms utilizing tracking data (i.e., controlling an extraction window utilizing tracking data). 
     An exemplary process is so: 
     Start with full raster greater than HD video, e.g., 4k video. 
     A graphical box or cursor, representing the area to which we are interested may appear. 
     The view then zooms to fill the box. 
     Exemplary embodiments of greater than HD systems and methods follow: a first image or video is captured at a first resolution, which resolution is greater than high definition and higher than a predetermined broadcast display resolution. A desired portion of the first image or video is then displayed at a second, lower resolution, which resolution is less than and closer to the predetermined broadcast display resolution. Accordingly, a selected portion of the captured image may be displayed at or near the predetermined broadcast display resolution (i.e., minimizing or eliminating loss of image detail relative to the predetermined broadcast display resolution). 
     An example of this is illustrated at  FIG. 19 , which shows a screenshot of a full-raster 4K moving video image  10 . A portion of the 4K image, illustrated as a 720p moving video selectable extraction window  12 , is then selected for presentation. Thus, native image capture occurs at a greater than high definition resolution, and portions of that greater than high definition image are selected for presentation via the 720p extraction window. While,  FIG. 17  specifically illustrates 4K capture and a 720p extraction window, it should be recognized that both or either of the captured image and extraction window may be provided at or sized to other resolutions.  FIG. 20  shows a similar view of relative extractions, provided generally at  13 . 
     Also, while one extraction window is illustrated in  FIG. 19 , the present disclosure contemplates simultaneous multiple extraction windows that may be applied to the same captured image. 
     In further exemplary embodiments, the selectable extraction window ( 12  in  FIG. 19 ) is provided at a graphical user interface (“GUI”) ( 14  in  FIGS. 21 and 22 ) that is configured to allow an operator to navigate within a captured image and select portions of the captured image for presentation. In exemplary embodiments, the extraction window is configured to allow the operator to adjust the size and position of the extraction window. In other exemplary embodiments, the extraction window is configured to track or scan across moving images, e.g., to follow a play or subject of interest during a sporting event. In other exemplary embodiments, plural operators may extract from the same images via the same or via plural GUIs. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 21 and 22 , processing of the captured images may occur either offsite ( FIG. 21 ) or onsite ( FIG. 22 ). Referring to  FIG. 21 , an exemplary system is illustrated wherein a camera  16  captures 4K images onsite, e.g., at a field (shown generally at  18 ) for a sporting event. A transport mechanism  20 , e.g. a fiber capable of transporting a full bandwidth 4K video, transports the captured images to an operations base (“OB”) (shown generally at  22 ), e.g., a production truck away from the field  18 . 
     An image recorder  24  records the captured images, e.g., as a data stream on a server, and is configured to allow an operator to go back in time relative to the recording and examine selected portions of the captured image as described above. Such control is provided to an operator via the GUI  14  through a processor  26  interfacing with the GUI  14  and recorder  24 . In exemplary embodiments, the recorder, processor and GUI are configured to allow the operator to go back instantaneously or near-instantaneously to select portions of the recorded image for presentation. 
     For example, with regard to  FIG. 21 , an operator in a truck would use a GUI to navigate the full raster 4K image and maneuver the selective  16 : 9  extraction window, in a manner similar to a cursor, to select an area of interest. In exemplary embodiments, the GUI is configured such that the extraction window may select an area of interest in one or both of live and recorded video. Also, as has been noted above, the present disclosure contemplates sizing and zooming capabilities for the extraction window. In other exemplary embodiments, the system is configured to mark keyframes and establish mapping for desired moves, e.g., pans and zooms, among others, around the image. 
     Referring again to  FIG. 22 , in exemplary embodiments, the output  28  of the system (e.g., a 720p/59.94 output relative to a 4K capture) is provided to a router  30  that allows the output to be taken live to a switcher  32  or to be ingested at a server  34  (“EVS”) for later playout. Also, in exemplary embodiments, a resulting image can be slowed down for replay or rendered as a still image, if desired, either at the server  34  or at the operator&#39;s position (via processor  26 ). 
       FIG. 22  provides an alternate exemplary embodiment, wherein capture, transport and recording of the native image (in this example 4K images) occurs onsite, e.g., at the field  18  of a sporting event). An onsite processor  26  provides or interfaces with an operator GUI  14  in an operations base  22  (e.g., a truck, though the GUI could be accessed from any convenient location) and provides a reference video  38  of the image to allow the operator to navigate the image via the extraction window. The output  28  is then transported from the field to an offsite router  30 . 
     In another embodiment, at least one GUI is accessed by a tablet controller as a navigation tool for the system. Such tablet controller may be wireless and portable to allow for flexible a primary or supplemental navigation tool. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, multiple cameras may be positioned to capture images from different points of view, and extraction windows may be provided relative to the multiple image captures in a system for selectively displaying portions of native images from different points of view. 
     Further exemplary embodiments provide real time or near real time tracking of subjects of interest (e.g., identified, selected or pre-tagged players of interest or automatic tracking of a ball in a game). Additional exemplary embodiments also provide virtual directing of operated and automatically tracked subjects of interest for cutting into a full live broadcast, utilizing backend software and tracking technology to provide a virtual viewfinder that operates in manners similar to otherwise human camera operators. Such processes may also use artificial technology for simple tracking, e.g., of a single identified object, or for more complex operations approximating motions utilized by human camera operators, e.g., pan, tilt and zoom of the extraction window in a manner similar to human operators. For those examples using 4K (or the like) capture, camera capture could utilize a specifically designed 4K camera. A camera may also use wider lensing to capture more of the subject, with possible reconstituting or flattening in post production. Also, different lensing can be used specific to different applications. 
     Such processes may use the above-described multiple cameras and/or multiple extraction windows, or may run with specific regard to one camera and/or one extraction window. In such a way, an artificial intelligence can automatically capture, extract and display material for broadcast, utilizing the extraction window(s) as virtual viewfinders. 
     Additional exemplary embodiments also provide for virtual 3D extraction, e.g. via s single camera at 4K or 8K with a two window output. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, an increased image capture frame rates relative to a broadcast frame rate along with or in lieu of an increased image capture resolution, as has been discussed above. 
     In such embodiments, a first video is captured at a first frame rate, which frame rate is higher than a predetermined broadcast frame rate. A desired portion of the first video is then displayed at a second, lower frame rate, which frame rate is less than and closer to the predetermined broadcast frame rate. The desired portion of the first video is captured by an extraction window that extracts frames across the native captured video. In such a way, the extracted video provides smooth and clear video, without edgy or blurred frames. Such captured first video may be at any frame rate that is above the predetermined broadcast frame rate. 
     In further exemplary embodiments, the first video is captured at a first frame rate that is in super motion or hyper motion. In traditional video, this equates to approximately 180 (“supermotion”) frames per second or above (“hypermotion” or “ultramotion”) in a progressive frame rate. In exemplary embodiments, hypermotion is recorded in discrete times sufficient to capture a triggered instance of an action of camera subject for playback. In other exemplary embodiments, the present system performs a full time record of a camera in hypermotion, e.g., of sufficient length for replay playback archiving, such as more than fifteen minutes, more than thirty minutes, more than an hour, more than an hour and a half, or more than two hours, among others. 
     In other exemplary embodiments, raw data from at least one camera is manipulated to adjust the image quality (make it “paintable”) to broadcast specifications. In exemplary embodiments, broadcast “handles” may be integrated into the system to affect the raw data in a manner that is more germane to broadcast color temperatures, hues and gamma variables. 
     The present disclosure thus advantageously provides systems and methods for selective capture of and presentation of native image portions, for broadcast production or other applications. By providing exemplary embodiments using a selectable extraction window through a GUI, an operator has complete control over portions within the native images that the operator desires for presentation. Also, by providing exemplary embodiments with image capture greater than high definition (e.g., 4K), desired portions of the image selected by an operator may be presented at or relatively near high definition quality (i.e., without relative degradation of image quality). Further, by providing exemplary embodiments with image capture frame rates greater than that of a predetermined broadcast frame rate, extracted video therefrom provides smooth and clear video, without edgy or blurred frames. Finally, various exemplary embodiments utilizing enhanced GUI features, such as automatic tracking of subjects of interests, plural GUIs or extraction windows for one or plural (for different points of view) captured images provide advantageous production flexibilities and advantages. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, while exemplary embodiments have been shown and described, various modifications and variations can be made to the invention disclosed herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Also, the exemplary implementations described above should be read in a non-limiting fashion, both with regard to construction and methodology. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the various embodiments have been described by way of illustration and not limitation.