Patent Publication Number: US-2023152234-A1

Title: Detection device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a national phase application in the United States of International Patent Application PCT/JP2021/005651 with an international filing date of Feb. 16, 2021, which claims priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-058608 filed on Mar. 27, 2020 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a detection device that detects presence or an amount of a substance to be detected using an enhanced electric field based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR). 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     In measurement for detecting a biological substance such as protein or DNA, if a trace amount of a substance to be detected could be detected with high sensitivity and quantitatively, it would be possible to immediately grasp a patient&#39;s condition and conduct medical treatment. Therefore, there is a demand for a detection method and a detection device that detect weak light derived from a trace amount of a substance to be detected with high sensitivity and quantitatively. As one method for detecting a substance to be detected with high sensitivity, the surface plasmon-field enhanced fluorescent spectroscopy (SPFS) method or the SPR method is known. 
     In the SPFS or SPR method, a region on a metal film on which a capturing body for capturing a substance to be detected is immobilized is irradiated with excitation light to measure a concentration and presence or absence of the substance to be detected. In addition, in the SPFS or SPR method, since it is necessary to irradiate the region on the metal film with excitation light αt an angle near a resonance angle in order to generate plasmon enhancement, it is a general practice to perform signal measurement while changing an angle of the excitation light, or perform signal measurement by scanning the angle to detect an optimum angle and then setting the angle to the optimum angle. 
     Here, in order to accurately detect the amount or the presence of the substance to be detected, it is important to accurately irradiate a position where the substance to be detected is captured on the metal film with light in signal measurement. 
     For example, in JP 2016-042049 A, a substance to be detected is detected by emitting excitation light using a prism having a semicircular cross section. In the invention of JP 2016-042049 A, a scanning rotation center for changing the angle of the excitation light and a prism circle center (solid phase center) are set to coincide with each other, so that an irradiation position of the excitation light can be accurately determined even in a case of angle scanning. 
     In JP 2009-204476 A, a substance to be detected is detected by emitting excitation light using a prism having a trapezoidal cross section. 
     In the invention of JP 2009-204476 A, an irradiation position of the excitation light can be accurately determined by setting a position where the substance to be detected is captured to be irradiated with the excitation light in consideration of refraction of an incident surface of the prism. 
     SUMMARY OT THE INVENTION 
     Problems to be Solved By The Invention 
     However, even if an irradiation position of excitation light is accurately set, an emission direction of light emitted from a light projecting unit may change due to a change in environment (temperature) or a temporal change. In particular, regarding a light source portion (a laser diode, a light emitting diode, or the like), temperature rises around the light source portion due to heat generated when light is generated. This temperature rise causes a deviation due to a linear expansion difference or the like of the light source portion, a lens, or a holding member (the light source and the lens are held by being press-fitted into the holding member or being bonded with an adhesive or the like) thereof, so that the light source portion (a light emitting point) becomes eccentric with respect to an optical system. As a result, a direction (an emission direction) of the light emitted from the light projecting unit changes, and an irradiation position on a metal film with the excitation light deviates, so that the light cannot be applied to an appropriate position, and detection accuracy may deteriorate in some cases. 
     Furthermore, not only the irradiation position deviates at a specific angle of the excitation light, but also the deviation of the irradiation position is increased for each angle when angle scanning is performed. For this reason, measurement performance for an enhancement angle is deteriorated (in the worst case, the irradiation position deviates from a region where a capturing body for capturing a substance to be detected is immobilized, and an incorrect enhancement angle is measured) in angle scanning measurement (enhancement angle measurement), so that an optimum angle of the excitation light cannot be set in the measurement of a signal derived from the substance to be detected, resulting in preventing highly accurate detection of the substance to be detected in some cases. 
     In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a detection device that has high robustness against a temperature change and a temporal change and that is capable of detecting a substance to be detected with high accuracy. 
     Means for Solving the Problems 
     A detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention is a detection device that detects presence or an amount of a substance to be detected using an enhanced electric field based on surface plasmon resonance, the detection device including: a chip holder configured to hold a detection chip having a metal film and a capturing body for capturing a substance to be detected which is immobilized on the metal film; a light projecting unit configured to irradiate the metal film of the detection chip held by the chip holder with excitation light to generate the surface plasmon resonance; and a detection unit configured to detect light that is derived from the presence or the amount of the substance to be detected, and is generated by occurrence of the surface plasmon resonance as a result of irradiation of the metal film with the excitation light, in which the light projecting unit includes: a light source that emits the excitation light; a diaphragm for regulating a light flux emitted from the light source; and a conjugate optical system that optically conjugates an opening portion of the diaphragm and a region of the metal film irradiated with the excitation light. 
     A detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention is a detection method using the above detection device, the detection method including the steps of: detecting reflected light or transmitted light of the excitation light with which the detection chip held by the chip holder is irradiated to obtain position information of the detection chip; and adjusting a position of the detection chip on the basis of the position information of the detection chip. 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a detection device that has high robustness against a temperature change and a temporal change and that is capable of detecting a substance to be detected with high accuracy. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a view illustrating a detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  2 A  illustrates a case where the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a mechanism for adjusting output of a light source, and  FIG.  2 B  illustrates a case where the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention has a mechanism for determining a position of a detection chip; 
         FIG.  3 A  illustrates an example of an optical path in the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  3 B  illustrates an example of an optical path in a detection device for comparison; 
         FIG.  4 A  illustrates a case where a position of a light source is deviated in the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG.  4 B  illustrates a case where a position of a light source is deviated in the detection device for comparison; 
         FIGS.  5 A,  5 B, and  5 C  illustrate changes in an incident position of light in a case where an angle of a light projecting unit is scanned in the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and  FIGS.  5 D,  5 E, and  5 F  illustrate changes in an incident position of light in a case where an angle of a light projecting unit is scanned in the detection device for comparison; 
         FIGS.  6 A,  6 B, and  6 C  illustrate changes in an incident position of light in a case where the angle of the light projecting unit is scanned after the detection chip is aligned in the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and  FIGS.  6 D,  6 E, and  6 F  illustrate changes in an incident position of light in a case where the angle of the light projecting unit is scanned after a detection chip is aligned in the detection device for comparison; 
         FIGS.  7 A,  7 B, and  7 C  illustrate changes in an incident position of light from the center of a visual field in a case where the angle of the light projecting unit is scanned after the detection chip is aligned in the detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and  FIGS.  7 D,  7 E, and  7 F  illustrate changes in an incident position of light from the center of a visual field in a case where the angle of the light projecting unit is scanned after the detection chip is aligned in the detection device for comparison; 
         FIG.  8 A  is a diagram for explaining a relationship among a size W in a minor axis direction of an opening portion in a diaphragm, an optical path length Z from the diaphragm to an irradiation surface of a metal film, a center wavelength A of excitation light, and a spot distribution X, and  FIGS.  8 B and  8 C  illustrate a case where the opening portion of the diaphragm and a region of the metal film irradiated with the excitation light are optically conjugate and a case where the opening portion and the irradiated region are not optically conjugate, respectively, in a case where W2/(λ×Z) is 19.5 in the detection device. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 
     Configuration of Detection Device 
       FIG.  1    is a view illustrating a detection device  100  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     The detection device  100  includes a light projecting unit  120  for irradiating a detection chip  200  with excitation light α, a light projecting unit angle adjustment unit  150 , a fourth lens  141 , a fifth lens  142 , an excitation light cut filter  143 , a detection unit  140  for detecting light (plasmon scattered light β or fluorescence γ) emitted from the detection chip  200 , a chip holder  144 , a detected chip position adjustment unit  145 , and a control unit  160 . The detection device  100  is used together with the detection chip  200 . Therefore, the detection chip  200  will be described first, and then each component of the detection device  100  will be described. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  1   , the detection chip  200  includes a prism  210  having an incident surface  211 , a film formation surface  213 , and an emission surface  212 , a metal film  31  disposed on the film formation surface  213  of the prism  210 , and a flow path lid  220  disposed on the metal film  31 . 
     The prism  210  is made of a member transparent to the excitation light α. The prism  210  has the incident surface  211 , the film formation surface  213  on which the metal film  31  is formed, and the emission surface  212 . The incident surface  211  allows the excitation light α from the light projecting unit  120  to be incident into the inside of the prism  210 . The metal film  31  is formed on the film formation surface  213 . The excitation light α incident into the inside of the prism  210  is reflected by the metal film  31 . More specifically, the light is reflected at an interface (the film formation surface  213 ) between the prism  210  and the metal film  31 . The emission surface  212  allows the excitation light α reflected by the metal film  31  to be emitted to the outside of the prism  210 . A shape of the prism  210  is not particularly limited. In the present embodiment, the prism  210  has a columnar shape with a trapezoid as a bottom surface. A surface corresponding to one base of the trapezoid is the film formation surface  213 , a surface corresponding to one leg is the incident surface  211 , and a surface corresponding to the other leg is the emission surface  212 . The trapezoid serving as the bottom surface is preferably a substantially isosceles trapezoid. As a result, the incident surface  211  and the emission surface  212  are substantially symmetrical, and an S-polarized component of the excitation light α is totally reflected in the prism  210  and is thus hardly retained. Since only a P-polarized component of the excitation light α contributes to plasmon resonance, the S-polarized component will be reflected by the metal film  31 . In addition, the incident surface  211  is formed so that the excitation light α does not return to the light projecting unit  120 . This is because when the excitation light α returns to, for example, a light source  121  that is a laser diode in the light projecting unit  120 , an excited state of the laser diode is disturbed to cause a wavelength and an output of the excitation light α to fluctuate. Therefore, an angle of the incident surface  211  is set such that the excitation light α is not perpendicularly incident on the incident surface  211  in a scanning range centered on an ideal enhancement angle. For example, an angle between the incident surface  211  and the film formation surface  213  and an angle between the film formation surface  213  and the emission surface  212  are both about 80°. Examples of the material of the prism  210  include resin and glass. The material of the prism  210  is preferably a resin having a refractive index of 1.4 to 1.6 and a small birefringence. 
     The metal film  31  is formed on the film formation surface  213  of the prism  210 . By providing the metal film  31 , an interaction (surface plasmon resonance; SPR) occurs between a photon of the excitation light α incident on the film formation surface  213  under a total reflection condition and a free electron in the metal film  31 , so that an enhanced electric field (localized field light) can be generated on a surface of the metal film  31 . The material of the metal film  31  is not particularly limited as long as it is metal that causes surface plasmon resonance. Examples of the material of the metal film  31  include gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and alloys thereof. Among them, the metal constituting the metal film  31  is preferably gold from the viewpoint of suppressing nonspecific adsorption of a substance in a specimen. In the present embodiment, the metal constituting the metal film  31  is gold. A method for forming the metal film  31  is not particularly limited. Examples of the method for forming the metal film  31  include sputtering, vapor deposition, and plating. Although a thickness of the metal film  31  is not particularly limited, it is preferably in the range of 30 to 70 nm. 
     Although not particularly illustrated, a capturing body for capturing a substance to be detected is immobilized on a surface of the metal film  31  not opposed to the prism  210 . By immobilizing the capturing body, the substance to be detected can be selectively detected. In the present embodiment, the capturing body is uniformly immobilized in a predetermined region on the metal film  31 . A kind of capturing body is not particularly limited as long as the capturing body can capture a substance to be detected. For example, the capturing body is an antibody or a fragment thereof specific to the substance to be detected. 
     The flow path lid  220  is disposed above the surface of the metal film  31  not opposed to the prism  210  with a flow path  39  interposed therebetween. In the present embodiment, the flow path lid  220  is joined to the film formation surface  213  or the metal film  31  via an adhesive layer  35 . Specifically, the flow path lid  220  is joined to the metal film  31  or the prism  210  by, for example, adhesion using a double-sided tape or an adhesive, laser welding, ultrasonic welding, pressure bonding using a clamp member, or the like. 
     When the metal film  31  is formed only on a part of the film formation surface  213  of the prism  210 , the flow path lid  220  may be disposed above the film formation surface  213  with the flow path  39  interposed therebetween. Together with the metal film  31  and the adhesive layer  35 , the flow path lid  220  forms the flow path  39  through which a specimen, and a liquid such as a fluorescent labeling liquid, or a cleaning liquid flow. The capturing substance is exposed in the flow path  39 . Both ends of the flow path  39  are connected to an injection port and a discharge port (both are not shown) formed on an upper surface of the flow path lid  220 . When a liquid is injected into the flow path  39 , the liquid comes into contact with the capturing substance in the flow path  39 . 
     The flow path lid  220  is made of a material transparent to light (the plasmon scattered light β and the fluorescence γ) emitted from the surface of the metal film  31  not opposed to the prism  210  and from the vicinity of the surface. Examples of the material of the flow path lid  220  include resin. As long as such light can be guided to the detection unit  140 , a part of the flow path lid  220  may be made of an opaque material. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  1   , the excitation light α guided to the prism  210  enters the prism  210  from the incident surface  211 . The excitation light α incident into the prism  210  enters the interface (the film formation surface  213 ) between the prism  210  and the metal film  31  so as to have a total reflection angle (an angle at which surface plasmon resonance occurs). The reflected light from the interface is emitted from the emission surface  212  to the outside of the prism  210 . On the other hand, when the excitation light α is incident on the interface at the angle at which the surface plasmon resonance occurs, the plasmon scattered light β and/or the fluorescence γ is emitted from the metal film  31  and the vicinity thereof toward the detection unit  140 . 
     Next, each component of the detection device  100  will be described. As described above, the detection device  100  includes the light projecting unit  120 , the light projecting unit angle adjustment unit  150 , the fourth lens  141 , the fifth lens  142 , the excitation light cut filter  143 , the detection unit  140 , the chip holder  144 , the detected chip position adjustment unit  145 , and the control unit  160 . 
     The light projecting unit  120  irradiates the metal film  31  of the detection chip  200  held by the chip holder  144  with the excitation light α via the prism  210  to cause surface plasmon resonance. 
     The light projecting unit  120  includes the light source  121 , a diaphragm  123 , and a conjugate optical system  126 . These will be described below. 
     The light source  121  emits the excitation light α. The light projecting unit angle adjustment unit  150  controlled by the control unit  160  adjusts a position and an orientation of the light projecting unit  120 , thereby adjusting an incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the interface (the film formation surface  213 ) between the prism  210  and the metal film  31 . When the metal film  31  is irradiated with the excitation light α, the plasmon scattered light β having the same wavelength as the excitation light α, the fluorescence γ emitted from a fluorescent substance, and the like are emitted upward from the surface of the metal film  31  not opposed to the prism  210  and the vicinity of the surface. In addition, the excitation light α is reflected by the interface between the prism  210  and the metal film  31 , and is emitted from the emission surface  212  to the outside of the prism  210 . 
     In the present embodiment, the light source  121  is a laser diode (hereinafter abbreviated as “LD”), and emits the excitation light α (single mode laser light) toward the incident surface  211  of the detection chip  200 . More specifically, the light source  121  emits only a P wave for the interface toward the incident surface  211  such that the excitation light α has the total reflection angle with respect to the interface (the film formation surface  213 ) between the prism  210  and the metal film  31  of the detection chip  200 . Since enhancement in the electric field of the surface plasmon depends on the incident angle of the excitation light α, the excitation light α is preferably substantially collimated light. In the present embodiment, the excitation light α emitted from the light source  121  becomes substantially collimated light by a first lens  122 . The first lens  122  may be configured with a plurality of lenses. 
     Note that the kind of the light source  121  is not particularly limited, and may not be an LD. Examples of the light source  121  include a light emitting diode, a mercury lamp, and other laser light sources. In a case where the light emitted from the light source  121  is not a beam, the light emitted from the light source  121  may be converted into a beam by a lens, a mirror, a pinhole, a slit, or the like. A beam size of the excitation light α is preferably controlled to 0.5 to 2.0 mm on the metal film  31 . When the light emitted from the light source  121  is not monochromatic light, the light emitted from the light source  121  is preferably converted into monochromatic light by a diffraction grating, a wavelength filter, or the like. Furthermore, when the light emitted from the light source  121  is not linearly polarized light, the light emitted from the light source  121  is preferably converted into a linearly polarized light by a polarizer or the like. 
     The diaphragm  123  has an opening portion, and adjusts or regulates a light amount and a beam size of the light from the light source  121 . In the present embodiment, the diaphragm  123  is disposed between the first lens  122  and a second lens  124  to be described later, blocks a part of the excitation light α which is collimated by the first lens  122 , and adjusts or regulates the light amount and the beam size of the excitation light α entering the second lens  124 . The opening size of the diaphragm  123  may be fixed, or the diaphragm  123  may be provided with a movable mechanism so that the size can be changed. 
     The shape of the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  is preferably oval or rectangular. The conjugate optical system  126  to be described later makes the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and a region on the metal film  31  irradiated with light be optically conjugated. Therefore, when the shape, in the diaphragm  123 , through which light passes is oval or rectangular, an appropriate region on the metal film  31  is easily irradiated with the excitation light α. 
     The conjugate optical system  126  is an optical system for optically conjugating the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the region on the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α. A configuration of the conjugate optical system  126  is not particularly limited as long as the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the region on the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α can be optically conjugated, and the kind of optical element (e.g., a lens, a mirror, or the like) to be used, a combination of optical elements, the number of optical elements, an arrangement of optical elements, and the like may be appropriately adjusted. Note that the term “optically conjugate” as used herein includes a case of being substantially conjugate within a range where the object of the present invention can be achieved. For example, there are included not only a case where the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the surface including the region on the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α are optically conjugated, but also a case where the opening portion of the diaphragm  123 , and a virtual plane inclined with respect to the metal film  31  including a part of the region on the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α are optically conjugated. 
     The conjugate optical system  126  may be a reduction optical system that converts a light flux diameter so that an irradiation spot size of the excitation light α on the metal film  31  becomes smaller than a size of the opening portion of the diaphragm  123 . The irradiation spot size of the excitation light α on the metal film  31  is preferably smaller than a size of a region where the capturing body on the metal film  31  is immobilized. In this way, the irradiation spot is easily accommodated in the region where the capturing body is immobilized on the metal film  31 . The irradiation spot size on the metal film  31  is preferably smaller than a visual field size of the detection unit  140 . In this way, the irradiation spot is easily accommodated in the visual field of the detection unit  140 . 
     In the present embodiment, the conjugate optical system  126  includes the second lens  124  and a third lens  125  disposed between the diaphragm  123  and the prism  210 . As a result, the conjugate optical system  126  is allowed to optically conjugate the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the region on the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  2 A , the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a reflection member  127  for causing a part of light passing through the diaphragm  123  to be reflected, a reflected light detection unit  128  for detecting the light reflected by the reflection member  127 , and a feedback control unit  129  for adjusting an output of the light source  121  according to an amount of the light detected by the reflected light detection unit  128 . Note that the control unit  160  may play the role of the feedback control unit  129 . 
     In the detection device  100 , when a temperature change or a temporal change occurs, the position of the light source  121  may become eccentric, an amount of light passing through the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  may change, and an amount of light emitted from the light projecting unit  120  may change. Since the detection device  100  has the above-described configuration, the output of the light source  121  can be increased when the light from the light projecting unit  120  becomes weak, and the output of the light source  121  can be decreased when the light from the light projecting unit  120  becomes strong. As a result, the amount of light incident on the metal film  31  on the prism  210  of the detection chip  200  can be stabilized to improve measurement accuracy. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  2 B , the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a chip optical signal detection unit  131  for detecting reflected light or transmitted light generated in the detection chip  200  held by the chip holder  144  when the detection chip  200  is irradiated with the excitation light α, a chip position detection unit  132  for detecting a position of the detection chip  200  according to an output value of the chip optical signal detection unit  131 , and the detected chip position adjustment unit  145  for moving the detection chip  200  to a measurement position on the basis of the chip position detected by the chip position detection unit  132 . The chip optical signal detection unit  131  includes, for example, an image pickup device, a photodiode, and the like. The chip position detection unit  132  includes, for example, a known computer or microcomputer including an arithmetic device, a control device, a storage device, an input device, and an output device. As a mechanism for moving such detection chip  200  to the measurement position, for example, a mechanism disclosed in WO 2015/064704 A is suitably used. Since the detection device  100  has such a mechanism for moving the detection chip  200  to the measurement position as described above, positional accuracy of the detection chip  200  is improved to improve the measurement accuracy. Note that the control unit  160  may play the role of the chip position detection unit  132 . 
     The fourth lens  141  and the fifth lens  142  form an image of the plasmon scattered light β or the fluorescence γ emitted from the metal film  31  on a light receiving portion of the detection unit  140 . The fourth lens  141  is, for example, a condensing lens, and condenses light emitted from the metal film  31 . The fifth lens  142  is, for example, an image forming lens, and forms an image of light condensed by the fourth lens  141  on the light receiving portion of the detection unit  140 . Optical paths between the two lenses are substantially parallel optical paths. Furthermore, in a case where the detection unit  140  is a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, or the like, it is not always necessary to form an image on the detection unit  140 , and it is only necessary to have light condensed on the detection unit  140 . 
     The excitation light cut filter  143  blocks the plasmon scattered light β, stray light derived from the excitation light α, and the like, and causes the fluorescence γ to be transmitted, thereby preventing light other than light having the wavelength of the fluorescence γ from reaching the detection unit  140 . In other words, the excitation light cut filter  143  removes a noise component from the light emitted from the metal film  31 , and enables the detection unit  140  to detect the fluorescence γ at a high S/N ratio. Although in  FIG.  1    showing the present embodiment, the excitation light cut filter  143  is disposed between the fourth lens  141  and the fifth lens  142 , the excitation light cut filter  143  is removed from the optical path so that the plasmon scattered light β can be detected when determining an enhancement angle. 
     The detection unit  140  irradiates the metal film with the excitation light α to detect light that is derived from presence or amount of a substance to be detected, and is generated by the occurrence of surface plasmon resonance. In the present embodiment, the detection unit  140  is arranged to be opposed to the surface of the metal film  31  of the detection chip  200 , the surface being not opposed to the prism  210 . The detection unit  140  receives the light (the plasmon scattered light β or the fluorescence γ) emitted from the metal film  31 . The light receiving portion of the detection unit  140  is configured with, for example, an image pickup device, a photoelectron multiplier tube, a photodiode, or the like. The fourth lens  141 , the excitation light cut filter  143 , the fifth lens  142 , and the detection unit  140  are disposed in this order from the side of the metal film  31  so as to be opposed to the surface of the metal film  31 . 
     The detection chip  200  is installed in the chip holder  144 . The chip holder  144  is not particularly limited as long as the detection chip  200  can be installed therein. The chip holder  144  has a shape that enables the detection chip  200  to be installed and that does not interfere with the optical paths of the excitation light α, the reflected light, the fluorescence γ, and the like. For example, the chip holder  144  is provided with an opening through which such light passes. 
     For example, the detected chip position adjustment unit  145  moves the chip holder  144  on the basis of the detection chip position detected by the chip position detection unit  132 . For example, the detected chip position adjustment unit  145  moves the chip holder  144  in one direction and the opposite direction. The detected chip position adjustment unit  145  is, for example, a motor. 
     The control unit  160  collectively controls the light projecting unit  120 , the excitation light cut filter  143 , the detection unit  140 , and the detected chip position adjustment unit  145 . Specifically, the control unit  160  controls the position, the orientation, and the position of the light projecting unit  120 , and sets the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  to a predetermined angle. Furthermore, the control unit controls the output (light amount, ON/OFF) of the light source  121 . When determining the enhancement angle, the control unit  160  removes the excitation light cut filter  143  from the optical path so that the plasmon scattered light β reaches the detection unit  140 . Furthermore, when receiving the fluorescence γ, the control unit  160  disposes the excitation light cut filter  143  on the optical path so that light (the plasmon scattered light β, stray light derived from the excitation light α, or the like) having the same wavelength as the excitation light α does not reach the detection unit  140 . In addition, the control unit  160  controls the detected chip position adjustment unit  145  to move the chip holder  144  and change a detection range of the detection unit  140 . The control unit  160  is, for example, a computer that executes software. 
     Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in the foregoing with respect to a case where the detection device  100  is a prism coupling (PC)-SPFS device, the detection device  100  may be a grating coupling (GC)-SPFS device. In addition, the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention may be a prism coupling (PC)-SPR device or a lattice coupling (GC)-SPR device. 
     Operation of Detection Device 
     First, preparation for detection is conducted. Specifically, the detection chip  200  is installed at a predetermined position of the detection device  100 . 
     Next, a substance to be detected in a specimen and a capturing substance are reacted (primary reaction). Specifically, the specimen is injected into the flow path  39  to bring the specimen and the capturing substance into contact with each other. In a case where the substance to be detected is present in the specimen, at least a part of the substance to be detected is captured by the capturing substance. Thereafter, the inside of the flow path  39  is washed with a buffer solution or the like to remove a substance not captured by the capturing substance. The kind of specimen is not particularly limited. Examples of the specimen include body fluids such as blood, serum, plasma, urine, nasal fluid, saliva, and semen, and diluted solutions thereof. 
     Next, alignment of the detection chip  200  may be optionally performed by such a mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B . Specifically, the detection chip  200  held by the chip holder  144  is irradiated with the excitation light α emitted from the light projecting unit  120  to detect reflected light or transmitted light of the emitted excitation light α by the chip optical signal detection unit  131 . Next, the chip position detection unit  132  detects a position of the chip according to an output value of the chip optical signal detection unit  131 . In this way, position information of the detection chip  200  can be obtained. Next, the detected chip position adjustment unit  145  adjusts the position of the detection chip  200  on the basis of the position information of the detection chip  200 . 
     The enhancement angle is then measured. Specifically, while irradiating a predetermined position of the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) with the excitation light α, the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) is scanned to determine an optimum incident angle. This is performed by the control unit  160  controlling the light projecting unit  120  to scan the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) while irradiating a predetermined position of the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) with the excitation light α. Furthermore, the control unit  160  controls the excitation light cut filter  143  so as not to exist on the optical path, and controls the detection unit  140  so that the detection unit  140  detects the plasmon scattered light β from the metal film  31  (the surface of the metal film  31  and the vicinity of the surface). The plasmon scattered light β from the metal film  31  (the surface of the metal film  31  and the vicinity of the surface) reaches the detection unit  140  via the fourth lens  141  and the fifth lens  142 . As a result, the control unit  160  obtains data including a relationship between an incident angle of the excitation light α and an intensity of the plasmon scattered light β. Then, the control unit  160  analyzes the data and determines an incident angle (enhancement angle) at which the intensity of the plasmon scattered light β is maximized. Note that although the enhancement angle is basically determined by a material and a shape of the prism  210 , a thickness of the metal film  31 , a refractive index of a liquid in the flow path  39 , and the like, the enhancement angle slightly varies due to various factors such as a kind and an amount of a substance in the flow path  39 , and a shape error of the prism  210 . Therefore, it is preferable to determine an enhancement angle each time the analysis is performed. The enhancement angle is determined on the order of about 0.1°. 
     Next, the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) is set to the enhancement angle determined in the previous step. Specifically, the control unit  160  controls the light projecting unit  120  to set the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) to the enhancement angle. In subsequent steps, the incident angle of the excitation light α with respect to the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) remains at the enhancement angle. 
     Next, the substance to be detected which is captured by the capturing substance is labeled with a fluorescent substance (secondary reaction). Specifically, a fluorescent labeling liquid is injected into the flow path  39 . The fluorescent labeling liquid is, for example, a buffer solution containing an antibody (secondary antibody) labeled with a fluorescent substance. When the fluorescent labeling liquid is injected into the flow path  39 , the fluorescent labeling liquid comes into contact with the substance to be detected, and the substance to be detected is labeled with a fluorescent substance. Thereafter, the inside of the flow path  39  is washed with a buffer solution or the like to remove free fluorescent substances and the like. 
     Next, the metal film  31  (the film formation surface  213 ) is irradiated with the excitation light α to detect the fluorescence γ emitted from the fluorescent substance on the metal film  31  (the surface of the metal film  31  and the vicinity of the surface). Specifically, the control unit  160  controls the light projecting unit  120  to emit the excitation light α. At the same time, the control unit  160  controls the detection unit  140  such that detection unit  140  detects the fluorescence γ emitted from the metal film  31  (the metal film  31  and its vicinity). 
     At this time, the control unit  160  moves the excitation light cut filter  143  such that the excitation light cut filter  143  exists on the optical path. As a result, since the excitation light cut filter  143  does not transmit the plasmon scattered light β, only the fluorescence γ is detected by the detection unit  140 . 
     Optical Path of Detection Device 
       FIG.  3 A  illustrates an example of the optical path in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention. By contrast,  FIG.  3 B  illustrates an example of an optical path in a detection device  100 ′ for comparison. As illustrated in  FIG.  2 A , the light projecting unit  120  in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the conjugate optical system  126 , whereas the detection device  100 ′ for comparison does not include the conjugate optical system  126 . As a result, the optical path from the light source  121  may be different as described below. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  3 A , light emitted from the light source  121  passes through the first lens  122  to become collimated light whose beam size is regulated by the diaphragm  123 . Next, the light having passed through the diaphragm  123  passes through the conjugate optical system  126  including the second lens  124  and the third lens  125 , and is applied to the metal film  31  on the prism  210 . 
     Here, regarding the light that has passed through the diaphragm  123 , a solid line indicates a case where the light is emitted from the light source  121  at a predetermined angle without being eccentric to the optical system, and a broken line indicates a case where the light source  121  becomes eccentric, i.e., a case where the light is emitted from the light source  121  at an angle different from the predetermined angle. The broken line illustrates only a part from the diaphragm  123  to the metal film  31 , and a part preceding the diaphragm  123  is not illustrated. As indicated by the solid line, in the case where the light is emitted at the predetermined angle, a predetermined position on the metal film  31  is irradiated with the light as predetermined. In addition, as indicated by the broken line, when the light source  121  becomes eccentric, i.e., in a case where the light is emitted from the light source  121  at an angle different from the predetermined angle, the vicinity of the predetermined position on the metal film  31  is irradiated with the light. This is because the conjugate optical system  126  of the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention is set so as to optically conjugate a diaphragm position where the light from the light source  121  passes through the diaphragm  123  and the position on the metal film  31  irradiated with the light. 
     On the other hand, as illustrated in  FIG.  3 B , in the detection device  100 ′ for comparison, as indicated by the solid line, in the case where the light is emitted at the predetermined angle, the position on the metal film  31  is irradiated with the light as predetermined. However, as indicated by the broken line, in the case where the light is not emitted at the predetermined angle, the light is applied to a position greatly different from the predetermined position on the metal film  31 . This is because the detection device  100 ′ for comparison does not have the conjugate optical system  126 . 
     Simulation of Optical Path in Angle Scanning 
       FIGS.  4 A and  4 B  illustrate a mode in which, in each of the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention and the detection device  100 ′ for comparison, when the position of the light source  121  of the light projecting unit  120  becomes eccentric in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis of the optical system due to a temperature change, a temporal change, or the like, a light beam path of a main light beam α′ of the excitation light α and an incident angle on the metal film  31  change, and an irradiated position of the metal film  31  changes. The detection device  100  includes the conjugate optical system  126  for optically conjugating the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the region of the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light α. By contrast, while the detection device  100 ′ includes three lenses similarly to the detection device  100 , these lenses are not for optically conjugating the opening portion of the diaphragm  123  and the region of the metal film  31  irradiated with the excitation light. 
     In  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B , a solid line indicates a case where the light source  121  is located at a set position and the light beam path of the main light beam α′ is in accordance with setting. On the other hand, a broken line indicates a case where the light source  121  is at a position deviated from the set position, and the light beam path of the main light beam α′ is deviated. Here, a scanning angle of the light projecting unit  120  is defined as θ 1 . An angle formed by an angle of light emitted from the light projecting unit  120  and a direction (a gravity direction) perpendicular to a horizontal plane of the metal film  31  is defined as a light projecting angle θ 2  of the light projecting unit  120 . An angle at which the main light beam α′ is incident on the metal film  31  is defined as θ 3 . Further, a deviation of a position where the main light beam α′ is incident on the metal film  31  from the predetermined position is defined as L. Note that in  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B , only the main light beam α′ of the light flux is illustrated, and the main light beam α′ is a light beam, in the excitation light α, that passes through the center of the diaphragm  123 . The angles of θ 2  and θ 3  are changed by scanning of the light projecting unit  120 . 
       FIGS.  5 A,  5 B, and  5 C  each illustrate a relationship between the light projecting angle θ 2  of the main light beam α′ emitted from the light projecting unit  120  when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned and the deviation L of the main light beam α′ from a predetermined incident position (L=0) on the metal film  31  in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention as illustrated in  FIG.  4 A . Note that the main light beam α′ is a main light beam of the excitation light α (a light beam passing through the center of the diaphragm), and indicates a light beam, of the excitation light α, passing through substantially the center of a beam cross section. 
       FIG.  5 A  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is at a predetermined position without deviation due to temperature change or the like.  FIG.  5 B  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is deviated from the predetermined position in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, as indicated by the broken line in  FIG.  4 A .  FIG.  5 C  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is deviated in a direction opposite to that in  FIG.  5 B  from the predetermined position toward the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     In each of  FIGS.  5 B and  5 C , the deviation amount of the light source  121  is 3.2 μm. In  FIGS.  5 A,  5 B, and  5 C , a combined focal length of the optical system of the entire light projecting unit is 1.86 mm. As a result of the deviation of the light source  121 , the light projecting angle θ 2  is deviated by −0.1° and +0.1° from a predetermined value, respectively. Further, it is designed such that when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is 66°, the incident position of the main light beam α′ comes to the predetermined position (L=0). Note that the detection chip  200  is assumed to be installed at a predetermined position. 
     It can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  5 A  with  FIGS.  5 B and  5 C  that in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the position of the light source  121  deviates from the predetermined position, the deviation amount L of the incident position from the predetermined position (L=0) on the metal film  31  is small at the same light projecting angle θ 2 . Specifically, in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the position of the light source  121  is deviated due to a temperature change, a temporal change, or the like, the deviation of the incident position from the predetermined position is small at the same light projecting angle θ 2 , and thus, the detection device is hardly affected by measurement variations due to in-plane unevenness of a detected substance of the metal film  31  or a supplement, and the excitation light α hardly deviates from a region where the supplement is immobilized, resulting in improving measurement accuracy of signal measurement. In addition, even with respect to a deviation of the position of the light source  121  due to a temperature change during measurement, a deviation of the incident position of the excitation light α from the predetermined position is reduced, so that the measurement accuracy is similarly improved. 
     It can be also seen from each of  FIGS.  5 B and  5 C  that a change amount of the deviation amount L is small when the angle of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned to have a change in the light projecting angle θ 2 . Specifically, since in enhancement angle measurement, the deviation of the incident position at the time of angle scanning (at the time of the enhancement angle measurement) of the light projecting unit  120  is small, similarly to the above, the detection device is hardly affected by measurement variations due to in-plane unevenness of a substance to be detected of the metal film  31  or a supplement, and the excitation light α hardly deviates from the region where the supplement is immobilized, resulting in improving measurement accuracy of an enhancement angle. These are because the detection device  100  includes the conjugate optical system  126 . 
     By contrast,  FIGS.  5 D,  5 E, and  5 F  illustrate a relationship between the light projecting angle θ 2  of the main light beam α′ emitted from the light projecting unit  120  when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned and the deviation L of the main light beam α′ from the predetermined incident position (L=0) on the metal film  31  in the detection device  100 ′ for comparison as illustrated in  FIG.  4 B .  FIG.  5 D  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is at the predetermined position without deviation due to a temperature change or the like.  FIG.  5 E  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is deviated from the predetermined position in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis as indicated by the broken line in  FIG.  4 B .  FIG.  5 F  illustrates a case where the light source  121  is deviated in a direction opposite to that in  FIG.  5 E  from the predetermined position toward the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     In each of  FIGS.  5 E and  5 F , the deviation amount of the light source  121  is 3.2 μm similarly to  FIGS.  5 B and  5 C . In  FIGS.  5 D,  5 E, and  5 F , the combined focal length of the optical system of the entire light projecting unit is 1.86 mm. The detection chip  200  is installed at the predetermined position. 
     It can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  5 D  with  FIGS.  5 E and  5 F  that in the detection device  100 ′ for comparison, when the position of the light source  121  deviates from the predetermined position, not only the deviation amount L of the incident position from the predetermined position (L=0) on the metal film  31  is large at the same light projecting angle θ 2 , but also the change amount of L is large when the angle of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned. 
     Specifically, in the detection device  100 ′ for comparison, the deviation of the incident position from the predetermined position is large at the same light projecting angle θ 2 , and when the position of the light source  121  is deviated due to a temperature change, a temporal change, or the like, the irradiation position of the excitation light α is greatly deviated from the predetermined position. Therefore, the detection device is easily affected by measurement variations due to in-plane unevenness of the substance to be detected of the metal film  31  or a supplement, and the excitation light α easily deviates from the region where the supplement is immobilized, resulting in improving the measurement accuracy of the signal measurement. 
     Furthermore, in the enhancement angle measurement, the deviation of the incident position at the time of angle scanning of the light projecting unit  120  (at the time of the enhancement angle measurement) is large, and similarly to the above, the detection device is easily affected by measurement variations due to in-plane unevenness of the substance to be detected of the metal film  31  or a supplement, and the excitation light α easily deviates from the region where the supplement is immobilized, resulting in deteriorating the measurement accuracy of the enhancement angle. These are because the detection device  100 ′ does not have the conjugate optical system  126 . 
     Similarly to  FIGS.  5 A to  5 C and  5 D to  5 F , respectively,  FIGS.  6 A to  6 C and  6 D to  6 F  illustrate a relationship between the light projecting angle θ 2  of the main light beam α′ emitted from the light projecting unit  120  when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned and the deviation L of the main light beam α′ from the predetermined incident position (L=0) on the metal film  31  in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention and the detection device  100 ′ for comparison as illustrated in  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B , respectively. 
     Furthermore, in  FIGS.  6 A to  6 F , the position of the detection chip  200  is set by performing alignment of the detection chip  200  through the step of obtaining position information of the detection chip  200  and the step of adjusting the position of the detection chip on the basis of the position information of the detection chip in such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B . Note that  FIGS.  6 A and  6 D  illustrate a case where the light source  121  is at the predetermined position,  FIGS.  6 B and  6 E  illustrate a case where the light source  121  deviates similarly to  FIGS.  5 B and  5 E , and  FIGS.  6 C and  6 F  illustrate a case where the light source  121  deviates in the opposite direction similarly to  FIGS.  5 C and  5 F . In the step of obtaining the position information of the detection chip  200 , with the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  set to 72°, the detection chip  200  is irradiated with the excitation light α to detect the chip position. 
     It can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  6 A  with  FIGS.  6 B and  6 C  that in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the detection chip  200  is aligned in a state where the light source  121  deviates from the predetermined position, the deviation amount L from the predetermined incident position (L=0) on the metal film  31  is small. This is because the detection device  100  includes the conjugate optical system  126 , and thus, in such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B , a deviation of a position where the excitation light hits the detection chip  200  is small, resulting in enabling the detection chip  200  to be easily aligned at an optimum position. 
     By contrast, it can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  6 D  with  FIGS.  6 E and  6 F  that in the detection device  100 ′, when the detection chip is aligned in a state where the light source  121  deviates from the predetermined position, the deviation L from the predetermined incident position on the metal film  31  is large. This is because the detection device  100 ′ does not have the conjugate optical system  126 , and thus, the deviation of the position where the excitation light α hits the detection chip  200  is large in such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B , resulting in making it difficult to align the detection chip  200  at the optimum position. 
     Similarly to  FIGS.  6 A to  6 C  and  FIGS.  6 D to  6 F ,  FIGS.  7 A to  7 C  and  FIGS.  7 D to  7 F  illustrate a case where the detection chip  200  is aligned by such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B  in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention and the detection device  100 ′ for comparison illustrated in  FIG.  4 A  and  FIG.  4 B , respectively. Note that  FIGS.  7 A to  7 F  are different from  FIGS.  6 A to  6 F  in illustrating a relationship between the light projecting angle θ 2  of the main light beam α′ emitted from the light projecting unit  120  when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is scanned and a deviation L′ of the incident position of the main light beam α′ on the metal film  31  from a predetermined center of a visual field (L′=0) on the metal film  31  of the detection unit  140 . Further, it is designed such that the incident position of the main light beam α′ comes to the predetermined position (L′=0) when the scanning angle θ 1  of the light projecting unit  120  is 66°. 
     Note that  FIGS.  7 A and  7 D  illustrate a case where the light source  121  is at the predetermined position similarly to  FIGS.  6 A and  6 D ,  FIGS.  7 B and  7 E  illustrate a case where the light source  121  deviates similarly to  FIGS.  6 B and  6 E , and  FIGS.  7 C and  7 F  illustrate a case where the light source deviates in the opposite direction similarly to  FIGS.  6 C and  6 F . 
     It can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  7 A  with  FIGS.  7 B and  7 C  that in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the detection chip is aligned in a state where the light source  121  deviates from the predetermined position, the position deviation L′ of the main light beam α′ from the predetermined center of the visual field of the detection unit  140  is small. This is because the detection device  100  includes the conjugate optical system  126 , and thus, the deviation of the position where the excitation light α hits the detection chip  200  is reduced in such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B , resulting in making small the deviation of the position of the aligned detection chip  200  from the predetermined position of the detection chip  200 , the predetermined position being determined in designing. Note that the deviation amounts of the detection chip  200  from the predetermined position are −6 μm and 6 μm in  FIGS.  7 B and  7 C , respectively. 
     By contrast, it can be seen from comparison of  FIG.  7 D  with  FIGS.  7 E and  7 F  that in the detection device  100 ′, when the detection chip is aligned in a state where the light source  121  is deviated from the predetermined position, the deviation L′ of the main light beam α′ from the predetermined center of the visual field of the detection unit  140  is large. This is because the detection device  100  does not have the conjugate optical system  126 , and thus, the deviation of the position where the excitation light α hits the detection chip  200  increases in such mechanism as illustrated in  FIG.  2 B , resulting in making large the deviation of the position of the aligned detection chip  200  from the predetermined position of the detection chip  200 , the predetermined position being determined in designing. Note that the deviation amounts of the detection chip  200  from the predetermined position are 163 μm and −169 μm in  FIGS.  7 E and  7 F , respectively. 
     As described above, in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, the deviation L′ is small from the center of the visual field of the detection unit  140  at the same light projecting angle θ 2 . Therefore, since a deviation between a spot position on the metal film  31  and the center position of the visual field of the detection unit  140  is small, highly efficient and highly accurate signal measurement can be performed. In addition, a spot of the excitation light α on the metal film  31  is less likely to deviate from a visual field range of the detection unit  140 , thereby allowing highly accurate signal measurement to be performed. In addition, the position deviation from the center of the visual field of the detection unit  140  at the time of angle scanning of the light projecting unit  120  is reduced to improve the measurement accuracy of the enhancement angle. 
       FIG.  8 A  illustrates a length W in a minor axis direction of the opening portion in the diaphragm  123 , an optical path length Z from the diaphragm  123  to a surface to be irradiated of the metal film  31 , and a spread X of the excitation light α. Here, the minor axis direction is defined as a direction along the shortest opening width in the opening size. For example, in a case of a rectangular opening, the minor axis direction is a short side direction of the opening.  FIG.  8 B  illustrates an intensity distribution of light on the metal film  31  in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention. The position where X is 0 is a predetermined incident position of an optical axis of the excitation light α.  FIG.  8 B  illustrates a case where W2/(λ×Z) is 19.5 (20 or less) in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention. In this case, as illustrated in  FIG.  8 B , a trail of the spot can be substantially eliminated, so that the spot is less likely to deviate from a specimen supplement region or deviate from a visual field of a light receiving system with respect to a spot position deviation, resulting in enabling robust measurement to be performed. In addition, the light intensity distribution is constant to improve detection accuracy. 
     By contrast,  FIG.  8 C  illustrates an intensity distribution of light on the metal film  31  in the detection device  100 ′ for comparison. In the detection device  100 ′ for comparison, when W2/(λ×Z) is set to 19.5 (20 or less), the trail of the spot is wider than the width of the diaphragm  123 , so that robust measurement cannot be performed for the spot position deviation, and the intensity distribution of the light varies, resulting in deteriorating the detection accuracy. 
     According to the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention, even if the position of the light source  121  deviates, the position where the excitation light α is incident on the metal film  31  is less likely to change. Therefore, the detection device  100  enables light to be accurately incident on the position on the metal film  31  on which a capturing substance is immobilized, and even if the position of the light source  121  is deviated due to heat of the light source  121  or the like during detection of a substance to be measured after scanning the angle of the light projecting unit  120  and determining an enhancement angle, the incident position is less likely to change in the detection device  100  according to the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the detection accuracy is improved. In addition, not only in a case where the light source  121  is deviated during measurement but also in a case where the light source is deviated due to a temporal change or the like at the time of starting the measurement, light can be accurately incident on a position on the metal film  31  in the same manner, and the detection accuracy is improved. Furthermore, although in the above, the case where the light source  121  is eccentric has been described as the embodiment, the same effects can be obtained also in a case where the first lens  122  or the optical system of the light projecting unit is eccentric with respect to the light source  121 . 
     The present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-058608 filed on Mar. 27, 2020. The contents described in the specification and the drawings of this application are all incorporated herein by reference. 
     The detection device according to the present invention can more accurately determine an enhancement angle and improve detection accuracy of a substance to be detected, and thus is useful for, for example, clinical examination and the like.