Patent Publication Number: US-7222800-B2

Title: Controller customization management system

Description:
The present invention is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/643,386, filed Aug. 18, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 7,055,759, by P. Wacker et al. and entitled “PDA CONFIGURATION OF THERMOSTATS”. The present invention is a Continuation-in-Part of U.S. patent application Serial No. 10/643,430, filed Aug. 18, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,851,621, by P. Wacker et al. and entitled “PDA DIAGNOSIS OF THERMOSTATS”. 

   BACKGROUND 
   The present invention pertains to controllers and particularly to thermostats and the control of air management systems. More particularly, it pertains to the use of configuration tools for configuring, setting and adjusting of programmable thermostats of air management systems, and the transfer of configuration information among the configuration tools. 
   The setting and adjusting of air management system thermostats, especially programming thermostats, to control air conditioning, heating, humidity, volume of moved air, and the like, may have settings and conditions that determine which equipment is modulated, turned on or off, and for when and what duration. Many commercial and residential places may have complex and confusing controls for air management systems which have features such as programmable thermostats. Some proprietors may obtain a programmable control system for controlling heating and cooling in their buildings. However, they may have frustrations with the adjusting and operating those kinds of systems and often stop trying to take advantage of certain control features of the systems. An installer may initially set a system up and get it operating satisfactorily; however, the adjusting and setting the system may not be easy for the new recipient or owner of the system because of the apparent complexity, user unfriendliness, and the lack of convenient and sufficient time to learn, set and adjust various parameters of the system for controlling, for instance, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). 
   SUMMARY 
   The configuration of thermostats minimizes the issues of complexities, user unfriendliness, and the amount of time and convenience involved in setting up, adjusting and controlling an air management system, such as an air handling and conditioning system. A remote configuration tool makes it possible for one at a convenient time at nearly any place to set and adjust a thermostat, controller or computer having numerous parameters and options that may be selected for a desired operation of the air management system. One does not need to be at the thermostat, controller or computer of the air management system to configure, set or adjust the parameters of it. The parameters may include, but not be limited to, temperatures, humidity, sensor selection, volume of air movement, fan or air mover behavior such as continuous or intermittent and speed, the percentage of added fresh air, stages of cooling and heating at various zones, control of heat pumps, heaters and air conditioners, modes of occupied, unoccupied or standby of respective spaces in a building, for day and night, between specific times, at certain days, for certain buildings at specific locations. The configuration tool may easily enable one to easily and conveniently achieve these tasks with an interfacing of a PDA (viz., a personal digital assistant used as a configuration tool) to the control system. These tasks may be accomplished on a PDA in an armchair remote from the facility with the air management system. Configuration on a PDA may be transferred and shared with other PDAs for the convenience of configuring other thermostats, repairing configurations or other things. 
   There may be minimization of inconvenience involved in commissioning, testing and diagnosing a thermostat system. A personal digital assistant (PDA) may be used thus significantly easing such activities. PDA-based on line diagnostics may automatically discover the thermostat configuration, turn off normal controller delays, temporary override sensor inputs and set points, and verify proper output action including the monitoring the discharge air temperature for the resulting temperature behavior based on the equipment stages activated. Problems discovered are reported, automatically recorded and the original operating parameters can be restored. This means that less expertise may be required the technicians sent to install and trouble shoot thermostat installations. The diagnostic application may minimize the issues of complexities, user unfriendliness, and the amount of time. 
   A program with configuration information may be uploaded to the PDA from a controller of an air handling and conditioning system, such as the HVAC. Such controller may be similar to a programmable thermostat having adjustment and settings for controlling the parameters of the system. All of the items that need to be done for configuring, setting, adjusting and controlling a system via the thermostat, controller or computer may be done on a PDA at any time at a location as desired, possibly remote from the building having the system. Whether at the office, home or other place, one may configure, set and adjust, among other things, with the PDA, parameters and actions of a controller relative to various air management systems at different facilities. Programmed configurations, settings, adjustments and the like may be done with the PDA. Then one may take the PDA and go to the various thermostats, controllers, computers or other air management system control devices and upload the programs specific to the respective systems. These may be placed in memory. One interface connection for the uploading and downloading between the PDA and the thermostat, controller or computer of the air management system may be an infrared (IR) connection. One may obtain a PDA that is readily available in stores, such as a Palm™, or the like, and take it to a thermostat, controller, computer or control module of the air management system and upload a program, including the configuration and the settings the system. Then one may deal with various configurations, settings, adjustments and related activities as desired relative to the parameters of the air management system and then download any changes to the respective thermostat, controller, computer or control module of the system. 
   The interfacing between the PDA or similar commercially available device and the controller or thermostat may also be done via radio frequency communications (such as Bluetooth or Wi-Fi), electrical lines such as the telephone, or optical fiber systems. The internet, Ethernet, or intranet in its various aspects may be used for interfacing between the PDA and the controller or thermostat. Other forms of interfacing between the PDA and the system may be implemented. 
   A technical person, installer, representative or technician, trained for configuring, setting and adjusting control mechanisms of air management system thermostats, may go to various buildings such as stores, factories or offices and do control changes for the air management systems of those places. The control mechanism of the air management system of each place may have its own specific configuration and settings which may be different from the others. The technician may go from place to place and download specific configurations and settings with the PDA very quickly and efficiently to the air management system thermostats at these places. 
   Even though there are many ways that programmable thermostats, controllers, control mechanisms, computers, control modules or their equivalents (hereinafter each of these may be referred to as a “thermostat”) of air management systems may be communicated with, relative to the setting and configuration inputs, the PDA using the infrared interface is inexpensive and easily adaptable. Many individuals have a PDA of one kind or another which may have an infrared or direct connection port. No modification is of these devices needed to use them as configuration tools. One merely may go to the respective thermostat with a PDA and upload a program that has the appropriate protocol, configuration and setting information of the system. Then one may enter the desired settings, adjustments and schedule information relative to the control of the air management system. The information is presented on the PDA in a clear and step by step instructive manner. And as indicated above, the PDA may contain numerous and differing configurations and settings applicable to specific systems at different places. Anyone with a PDA or the like may participate in this program. However, there may be security measures requiring codes or other permission granting procedures so that the integrity of the control of air management systems may be maintained. 
   An installer&#39;s configuring of high end programmable commercial thermostats has become very complex due to all of the features that can be implemented by low cost microprocessors. There is a trade-off between the ease of use and the complexity of the user interface. Configuring might be done only once by the installer and then usually is not required again for the life of the thermostat, whereas for settings and adjustments, the operator interface may be used periodically and should be as user friendly as possible. In the past, the installer configuration process was very obscure and error prone since it had been a secondary function of the operator user interface that partially reused some of the operator interface features in an obscure secondary manner so as to attempt reducing costs associated with the device. This approach was time consuming and error prone, had to be repeated for each installation, and was still costly. 
   By removing the thermostat configuration installer interface from the thermostat operator interface to a PDA, as in the air management system, the following benefits are noted. There is an easy to use configuration process with context checking on previous selections so only valid options are presented and errors cannot be made, and also easy to use navigation of thermostat configuration screens. Novice users may be directed to the next appropriate parameter entry screen based on the context of previous configuration selections. Configurations can be done ahead of time and downloaded quickly at installation time. Similar configurations do not have to be repeated on every device but simply recalled from storage and downloaded. The PDA based thermostat configuration application may generate a code that represents the raw configuration. This code can be recorded (for example on paper) and entered by hand quickly into the thermostat keyboard if a PDA is not available at the job site. There is context dependent control loop tuning. The thermostat PID (viz., proportional, integral and derivative gains) control loop tuning parameters may be automatically adjusted as a function of equipment type, number of output stages, output type (modulating or discrete), the HVAC process, and other factors as desired. 
   A PDA and its interfacing with the thermostat of an air management system may also be used for automatic testing, checkout, analysis and diagnosis of the system. Testing and trouble-shooting a complex fully featured commercial thermostat may be time consuming and confusing since the configuration must first be understood and then the operation must be run through valid modes with inputs and set points temporarily manipulated, plus waiting for the delays built into the controller, to verify operation. 
   Commissioning a complex fully featured commercial thermostat also may be time consuming and confusing. The thermostat configuration should first be understood and then the commissioning process may be run through valid operational modes with inputs and set points temporarily manipulated while waiting for the delays built into the controller to verify operation. 
   The PDA based online diagnostics may automatically discover the thermostat configuration, turn off normal controller delays, temporarily override sensor inputs and set points, verify proper output action including monitoring the discharge air temperature for the resulting temperature behavior based on the equipment stages activated. Problems discovered may be reported, automatically recorded and the original operating parameters may be restored. This means that less expertise may be required by the technicians sent to install and trouble shoot thermostat installations. 
   A thermostat may be designed to interface to a PDA or other handy low cost device with an easy wire, IR or RF connection that will allow it do fast, accurate automatic thermostat testing, diagnosing and trouble-shooting. The PDA may automatically obtain the thermostat configuration, turn off normal controller delays, temporarily override sensor inputs and set points, and verify proper output action including monitoring the entry and discharge air temperatures for the resulting temperature behavior based on the equipment stages activated. Problems discovered can be reported, automatically recorded and the original operating parameters can be restored. This means that less expertise is required by the technicians sent to install and trouble shoot thermostats. Smart status reporting simplifies the thermostat installers&#39; field-commissioning task of selecting and monitoring the appropriate real time data. The smart status report content and layout may be based on a theme of management by exclusion. The report generator may respond to real time parameter and data changes in the thermostat environment. There may be a possible web-based system in which the installer or technician need not to go out to the site of the air management system. The installer or technician may be able to diagnose and can fix the system over the internet, Ethernet or the like. However, using the PDA and its infrared interface may be as or more reasonable than the configuring or diagnosing a thermostat, its sub-base and corresponding air management system. PDA configuring and diagnostics may be utilized in residential homes as well as commercial facilities. 
   Programmable commercial thermostat systems have also been gaining in popularity due to the energy savings associated with programmable schedules and set points. Most small commercial buildings with one or two zones typically may have rooftop equipment controlled through relay contacts such as heat stage 1, heat stage 2, cooling stage 1, cooling stage 2, and fan. These controls may be interfaced through remote wiring from the zone thermostat to the associated rooftop unit. As commercial thermostat requirements and thermostats become more sophisticated, there may be a need to control heating and cooling coils at control ranges in between specific stage loads. This could be particularly important as chilled water systems and partial load or oversized systems are used. Further, there appears to be a need to control modulating zones and a need for a commercial modulating thermostat that is able to support both traditional staged and modulating outputs. 
   Configuration management may solve the problems associated with control issues by implementing a true analog heating and cooling signal to be implemented by the roof top control system. Several enhancements and options exist in the algorithm and thermostat configuration to assist and lead to control of water valves and oversized heating coils and loads. Under staging conditions, traditional control algorithm techniques may be used to control the on/off control to the heating coils, cooling coils and fan. When used in a modulating configuration, special analog driver circuits may allow the output from the thermostat to provide 4 to 20 milliamps and 2 to 10 volts for direct interfacing for the control of modulated components. These control parameters are popular ranges for many modulated dampers and valves used in air management systems, such as HVACs. 
   The thermostat may contain a software component that allows automatic configuration of the output actuation type (modulation and discrete) identified by the sub-base with preset configuration resistors. The hardware component of the output actuation may be implemented through an analog interface set from the thermostat. Analog control and interface to the modulation may be controlled through software algorithm PID and staging information. If additional heating is desired after a stage is added at low load, additional supply is available through increasing of the analog heating signal. Applications of this modulating thermostat may be used for boiler firing rate controls and other energy supply or cooling type equipment. Through the use of programmable memory, additional algorithms can be developed to apply to a wide range and variety of control applications besides air management system control. 
   The present thermostat may provide modulated/analog control of an air management system and discrete/digital control of the same or another air management system. This thermostat may provide modulating control of a single stage of heating and/or cooling. On the other hand, this thermostat may provide modulating control of multiple stages of heating and cooling. The modulating output to one cooling or heating stage may result in an efficient level of output of the controlled stage. If more output is needed from that stage, the thermostat may with the modulating output call on another stage and control it for more heating or cooling, so as to maintain the better efficiency of the first stage. Also, modulated control may result in the next stage&#39;s approaching an efficient level of output. This approach may continue for more output or less output as needed form the respective stages. The thermostat may provide analog or digital signals for controlling single or multiple cooling or heating stages. Humidity control may also be implemented by the thermostat and associated air management equipment. A group of thermostats may be connected to a common communications bus. Such bus may have a sequencer connected to the bus. Instructions, software changes, commands, parameters and other information may be communicated among the thermostats and the sequencer. Operations of the thermostats may be sequenced. Information about an example sequencer may be disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,536,678 B2, entitled “Boiler Control System and Method”, issued Mar. 25th, 2003, and by inventor Michael A. Pouchak, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Information about an example humidity controller may be disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/314,604, entitled “Humidity Controller”, filed on Dec. 4th, 2002, issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,826,920 on Dec. 7, 2004, and by inventor Paul C. Wacker, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. Information about an example HVAC may be disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,172,565, entitled “Air Handling System Utilizing Direct Expansion Cooling”, issued Dec. 22, 1992, and by inventors Richard A. Wruck et al., which is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       FIG. 1  shows a configuration tool for a thermostat of an air management system; 
       FIG. 2  shows the configuration tool of  FIG. 1  in conjunction with a sub-base; 
       FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  show screens of a personal digital assistant (PDA) for entering a new thermostat configuration; 
       FIGS. 4   a - 4   d  show PDA screens for selecting an existing configuration and connecting the PDA to the thermostat for uploading the configuration; 
       FIGS. 5   a - 5   c  reveal screen for downloading a new configuration to the thermostat; 
       FIGS. 6   a - 6   d  are screens that relate to uploading and modifying an existing configuration, and downloading it; 
       FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  are screens showing a download and upload connection selection to a thermostat and a room temperature calibrate, respectively; 
       FIGS. 8   a - 8   e  are screens showing a process for connecting to a thermostat, reading information and saving it, and monitoring data; 
       FIGS. 9   a - 9   j  illustrate steps of reviewing the configuration of a thermostat, making possible changes and saving them; 
       FIGS. 10   a - 10   l  show the screens and steps for an advanced configuration review, possible modification, and saving of any modification; 
       FIGS. 11   a  and  11   b  show screens for selecting units and locking default configuration files; 
       FIG. 12   a  shows a file command screen; 
       FIGS. 12   b - 12   e  are screens that show various actions that may be taken relative to a configuration; 
       FIG. 13  relates to setting the time and date of the thermostat being configured; 
       FIGS. 14   a - 14   m  are screens showing steps for scheduling various temperature set points on different days, selecting fan operation, selecting heating and cooling stages, selecting sensor location, loading the program for a particular facility and saving the current thermostat configuration; 
       FIGS. 14   n - 14   r  are screens relating to the enabling of partial downloads after the opening screen; 
       FIGS. 14   s - 14   z  are screens pertaining to various override options; 
       FIG. 15  is a flow chart of formation and downloading contractor information to a thermostat; 
       FIG. 16  is a diagram showing the major components and communication channels of the thermostat; 
       FIG. 17  is a block diagram of a modulating thermostat system; 
       FIG. 18  is a block diagram of a networked modulating and non-modulating thermostat system; 
       FIG. 19  is a flow diagram of a modulating sub-base sequence; 
       FIGS. 20   a  and  20   b  show a display and a thermostat assembly with the display and a keyboard; 
       FIG. 21  shows a roof top air management system; 
       FIG. 22  is a context diagram revealing a process structure in a thermostat; 
       FIG. 23  is a diagram of a transmit and handshake portion of a communications process of the thermostat; 
       FIG. 24  shows an overview of an algorithm mode relative to the thermostat; 
       FIGS. 25   a  and  25   b  show details of a function in the algorithm shown in  FIG. 24 ; 
       FIGS. 26 and 27  reveal the various connections between the thermostat, sub-base and an external device such as a PDA; 
       FIGS. 28   a - 28   c  show PDA screen steps to attain a commission summary screen of a test and diagnosis of a thermostat system; 
       FIGS. 29   a - 29   c  show screens for a diagnosis of temperature and other sensors, and set points; 
       FIGS. 29   d - 29   f  show screens relative to diagnostics pertaining to a remote set point; 
       FIG. 30  is a screen for a fan check; 
       FIGS. 31   a - 31   h  are screens showing steps for cooling equipment testing and diagnosis; 
       FIGS. 32   a - 32   e  show PDA screens for testing heating equipment of the thermostat system; 
       FIG. 33  is a flow diagram of an illustrative diagnostic test sequence for a thermostat system; 
       FIG. 34  shows an interaction between a PDA and a configurable thermostat; 
       FIG. 35  indicates that the downloading, configuring and/or uploading of a thermostat may be done with a PDA at significant distances; 
       FIG. 36  reveals that the downloading, configuring and/or uploading between the PDA and thermostat may be done via a satellite or satellites; 
       FIG. 37  shows short distance wireless communications among PDAs for transferring customized configurations; 
       FIG. 38  reveals long distance wireless communications among PDAs for transferring customized configurations; 
       FIG. 39  indicates communications among PDAs via a satellite or satellites; and 
       FIGS. 40-48  show various PDA screens for achieving communications among PDAs and a controller or thermostat, and other PDAS. 
   

   DESCRIPTION 
   There may be an installation and/or configuration tool  10  for a programmable thermostat  11 , or the like, of an air management system  15 , as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . Thermostat configuration tool and system  10  may consist of application code and two hardware devices. A PDA application code may be used to configure the thermostat. The first hardware device may be a tool platform  12 , that is, a PDA hand held device. The second device may be an RS232 interface module  13  including a connection cable. Sensors  25  may be connected to thermostat  11 . Configuration tool and system  10  may provide the following value added features: an armchair thermostat  11  setup; a saving of tested thermostat configurations for reuse; a reduction of configuration errors; a reduction in warranty returns and customer callbacks; an updating of control setpoints (for example room temperature occupied, unoccupied and standby setpoints); weekly and holiday schedules; and user defined default configuration values. A PDA hardware platform may be used over a laptop personal computer (PC)  24  for several reasons including, but not limited to, lower initial cost and smaller size. 
   An illustrative example of thermostat  11  may be a prototype programmable thermostat, model T7350, built by Honeywell International Inc. in Minneapolis, Minn. The configuration tool  12  application software and a 10 pin serial interface module may be compatible with the following PDA hardware platforms: Palm™ m105; Palm™ m100; Palm™ Vx Series; Palm™ VII Series; Palm™ III Series; Palm™ i705; Palm™ Zire71; Palm™ TungstenT; and TRGPro™. The application code may be compatible with PALM OS™ software version 3.5.x. “OS” is an operating system of a Palm™ platform. The OS version compatibility may be for all versions greater than or equal to 3.5x, such as OS 5.2.1. The system may also be hosted on a Microsoft Windows™ CE OS PDA platform. Configuration tool serial interface  13  module may be compatible with the various models and versions of thermostat  11 . The thermostat serial interface module may support IR, WiFi, Bluetooth and other wireless communications media. Thermostat  11  may have serial communications to allow communications with installer configuration tool  12  and a sub-base  14 . Thermostat  11  may be configured using an installer setup through the thermostat keys  15  for basic setup functions. Advanced features may be available through installer configuration tool  12 . 
   Thermostat configuration tool  12  may be used in the context of the following scenarios. In configuring offline, the user may arrange and save various named thermostat configurations with tool  12  disconnected from the thermostat  11 . The user may have the option to note a configuration identification code and manually set the code using tool or user interface  12 . Then interface  12  may connected to a thermostat  11  and air management system  15  may be configured with an existing named arrangement of parameters. Configuration tool  12  may read and verify the existing arrangement of parameters. Virtually all of the parameters may be changed resulting in a modified or new configuration. Also, the temperature display of thermostat  11  may be calibrated. The user may have an option to save the modified or new configuration file under another name. 
   Tool  12  may be utilized for performing online diagnostics. For example, tool  12  may be connected to thermostat  11  and diagnostic information such as the thermostat firmware version, the thermostat hardware version, the sub-base hardware version, and run time error messages may be read. 
   The thermostat configuration tool  12  may have a configuration which may include third party PDA hardware platform supporting application software and serial connection cable with the RS232 interface of module  13 . The Palm™ PDA, as an illustrative example, may be used in conjunction with the serial interface having connections as noted in the following table 1 showing the terminals for a Palm™ PDA serial connection. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 1 
             
             
                 
             
             
                 
               Signal Name &amp; 
                 
             
             
               Pin # 
               Direction 
               Function 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
          
             
               1 
               DO (out) 
               DTR 
             
             
               2 
               VCC (out) 
               +3.30 V Palm ™ III through 
             
             
                 
                 
               a 330 ohm resistor. 
             
             
                 
                 
               +4.07 V Palm ™ V 
             
             
               3 
               RXD (in) 
               Receive Data. 
             
             
               4 
               RTS (out) 
               Request to send. 
             
             
               5 
               TXD (out) 
               Transmit Data. 
             
             
               6 
               CTS (in) 
               Clear to send. 
             
             
               7 
               HS IRQ (in) 
               Interrupt line for waking the device, 
             
             
                 
                 
               Palm OS ™ default is to 
             
             
                 
                 
               initiate the HotSync process. 
             
             
               8 
               ID (in) 
               Peripheral ID line. 
             
             
               9 
               unused 
               Not connected 
             
             
               10 
               SG 
               Signal Ground 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   One may note that pin 10 is located at left as viewed from the back of the Palm™ PDA. The HotSync cradle button shorts pins 2 &amp; 7. Palm™ devices i705, m125, m130 m500, m505, m515 require a 16 pin connector. One may refer to http://www.palmos.com/dev/tech/hardware/palmhardware/electrical_interface (16-pin) signals.pdf for details regarding the Palm™ 16 pin connector. 
   Thermostat  11  configuration may be changed or varied according to certain aspects which are provided as an illustrative example in the following tables. There are setup parameters and default values which may be noted. Table 2 may reveal some display/user interface options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 2 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               Degree 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               Temperature display 
             
             
               temperature 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: ° F. 
             
             
               display 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: ° C. 
             
             
               Maximum 
               85 
               45 
               99 
               1 
               F. 
               Highest the occupied cooling setpoint can 
             
             
               Occupied Cooling 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               be adjusted. 
             
             
               Setpoint stop 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               MaxCoolStPt &gt;= OccCl &gt;= OccHt + 2 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Display Resolution: 1 (F./C.) 
             
             
               Minimum 
               55 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F. 
               Lowest the occupied heating setpoint can 
             
             
               Occupied Heating 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               be adjusted. 
             
             
               Setpoint stop 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               MinHeatStPt &lt;= OccHt &lt;= OccCl − 2 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Display Resolution: 1 (F./C.) 
             
             
               Unoccupied Heat 
               55 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Standby Heat 
               67 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Standby Heat 
               67 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Occupied Heat 
               70 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Occupied Cool 
               75 
               45 
               99 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Standby Cool 
               78 
               45 
               99 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Unoccupied Cool 
               85 
               45 
               99 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               Setpoint 
             
             
               Clock format 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: 12-hour clock format 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 24-hour clock format 
             
             
               Keypad lockout 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               Keypad lockout enable/disable through 
             
             
               level 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               special keypad sequence. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: No lockout. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Lockout all keys except Temporary 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Occupied, increase, decrease and 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               information **. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Lockout all keys except information **. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               ** Do not allow adjustments on 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               dehumidification high limit setpoint. 
             
             
               System Switch 
               0 
               0 
               3, 7 
               1 
                 
               0: Auto 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Cool 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Heat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Emergency Heat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               7: Off 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 3 shows an input/output configuration. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 3 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Remote space 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               0: Local sensor only. 
             
             
               temperature sensor 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Remote sensor only. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Network Rm Sensor (Sub-base) 
             
             
               Space humidity 
               0 
               0 
               3 
               1 
                 
               0: No space humidity sensor. 
             
             
               sensor 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Local space humidity sensor enabled. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Remote space humidity sensor enabled. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Network room RH sensor (Sub-base) 
             
             
               Discharge air 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: No discharge air sensor. 
             
             
               sensor 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Discharge air sensor enabled. 
             
             
               Outside air sensor 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               0: No outside air sensor. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Outside air sensor enabled 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Network OAT sensor (Sub-base) 
             
             
               Auxiliary contact 
               0 
               0 
               3 
               1 
                 
               0: Time of day contact. 
             
             
               operation 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Economizer contact. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Dehumidification hot gas bypass 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               contact 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Simple Dehumidification contacts. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Notes: 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Aux contact not available if heat pump 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               selected and Sub-base #1. 
             
             
               Occupancy Sensor 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               0: No Occupancy sensor. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Use Remote Occupancy sensor. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Use Network Occupancy sensor 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               (future). 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 4 reveals the fan operation options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 4 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Fan Switch 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: On 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Auto 
             
             
               Fan Operation 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: Conventional applications where 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               equipment controls fan operation in heat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               mode. That is, the plenum switch controls 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               the fan when in heat mode and the 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Thermostat controls the fan when in cool 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               mode. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Electric heat applications where 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               thermostat controls fan operation in heat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               mode. 
             
             
               Extended fan 
               1 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: No extended fan operation after call for 
             
             
               operation in 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               heat ends. 
             
             
               heating 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Fan operation extended 90 seconds after 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               call for heat ends. 
             
             
               Extended fan 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: No extended fan operation after call for 
             
             
               operation in 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               cooling ends. 
             
             
               cooling 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Fan operation extended 45 seconds after 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               call for cool ends. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 5 shows the control tuning options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 5 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Cycler 
               4 
               2 
               15 
               1 
               R 
               Thermostat Cycler 
             
             
               Authority 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Authority (Theta). 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 6 reveals the cooling operation options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 6 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               Cooling Output 
               2 
               0 
               4 
               1 
                 
               Stages of cooling. 
             
             
               stages 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: No cooling. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: One cooling stage. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Two cooling stages. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Three cooling stages. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               4: Four cooling stages. 
             
             
               Cooling system 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
               Cph 
               0: Standard response 3 cph. 
             
             
               response 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Fast response 4 cph 
             
             
               Cooling TR 
               4 
               1 
               30 
               1 
               R 
               Cooling proportional gain (deg F.) 
             
             
               Cooling IT 
               2500 
               0, 10 
               5000 
               1 
               Sec 
               Cooling integral time (seconds). 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = disable. 
             
             
               Cooling DT 
               0 
               0 
               3000 
               1 
               Sec 
               Cooling derivative time (seconds). 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = disable. 
             
             
               Cooling Action 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               Cooling action. Applies only to 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               proportional outputs. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = direct acting. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1 = reverse acting 
             
             
               Cooling Lockout 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: No OAT lockout 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: cooling locked out if Outdoor air valid 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               and OAT &lt; ClgLockoutSP 
             
             
               Cooling Lockout 
               35 
               −40 
               120 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               SP. 
             
             
               DAT Low Limit 
               45 
               35 
               60 
               1 
               F. 
               Discharge Air Temperature Low Limit. 
             
             
               Minimum cool 
               3 
               0 
               20 
               1 
               F./Hr 
               Minimum cooling recovery ramp rate, 
             
             
               recovery ramp rate 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0–36° F./hr. 
             
             
               Min cool OAT 
               90 
               −20 
               100 
               1 
               F. 
               Minimum cooling outdoor air temperature 
             
             
               Max cool recovery 
               6 
               0 
               20 
               1 
               F./hr 
               Maximum cooling recovery ramp rate 
             
             
               ramp rate 
             
             
               Max cool OAT 
               70 
               −20 
               100 
               1 
               F. 
               Maximum cooling outdoor air temperature 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 7 shows the heating operation options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 7 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               Heating output 
               2 
               0 
               3 
               1 
                 
               Stages of heating. 
             
             
               stages 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: No heating. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: One heating stage. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Two heating stages. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Three heating stages. (Not available if 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               configured for 4 stages of cooling) 
             
             
               Auxiliary heating 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               0: No auxiliary heating 
             
             
               stages 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: one stage of auxiliary heat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: two stages of auxiliary heat 
             
             
               Heating system 
               1 
               0 
               3 
               1 
                 
               0: Standard response 3 cph. 
             
             
               response 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Medium response 6 cph. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Fast 9 cph 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Super fast response 20 cph 
             
             
               Heating TR 
               4 
               1 
               30 
               1 
               R 
               Heating proportional gain (deg F.) 
             
             
               Heating IT 
               2500 
               0, 10 
               5000 
               1 
               Sec 
               Heating integral time (seconds). 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = disable. 
             
             
               Heating DT 
               0 
               0 
               3000 
               1 
               Sec 
               Heating derivative time (seconds). 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = disable. 
             
             
               Heating Action 
               1 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               Heating action. Applies only to 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               proportional outputs. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = direct acting. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1 = reverse acting 
             
             
               Heating Lockout 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: no lockout 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: heat locked out if OAT valid and 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               (OAT &gt; HtgLockoutSP) 
             
             
               Heating Lockout 
               70 
               −40 
               120 
               1 
               F. 
             
             
               SP. 
             
             
               DAT High Limit 
               110 
               65 
               140 
               1 
               F. 
               Discharge Air Temperature High Limit 
             
             
               Minimum heat 
               5 
               0 
               20 
               1 
               F./hr 
               Minimum heating recovery ramp rate 
             
             
               recovery ramp rate 
             
             
               Min heat OAT 
               0 
               −20 
               100 
               1 
               F. 
               Minimum heating outdoor air temperature 
             
             
               Maximum heat 
               8 
               0 
               20 
               1 
               F./hr 
               Maximum heating recovery ramp rate 
             
             
               recovery ramp rate 
             
             
               Max heat OAT 
               40 
               −20 
               100 
               1 
               F. 
               Maximum heating ramp rate outdoor air 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               temperature 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 8 shows the heat pump options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 8 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Heat Pump 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: Conventional Control 
             
             
               Control 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Heat Pump Control 
             
             
               Heat Pump 
               1 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: energize O/B on call for Heat 
             
             
               Reversing Valve 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: energize O/B on call for Cooling 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 9 reveals the relative humidity control options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 9 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               RH high limit 
               65 
               10 
               90 
               1 
               % 
               Relative Humidity high limit setpoint. 
             
             
               Dehumidify using 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
               minimum ON time 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Dehumidification using minimum on 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               time 
             
             
               Dehumidify Min 
               5 
               5 
               15 
               1 
               min 
               This is the minimum on time used for if 
             
             
               On Time 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               the user chose “Dehumidify Minimum 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               On”. 
             
             
               Dehumidify using 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
               reset 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Dehumidification using Room 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Temperature SetPoint reset 
             
             
               Dehumidify using 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
               reheat 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Dehumidification using reheat 
             
             
               HumTempReset 
               2 
               1 
               5 
               1 
               R 
               Humidity temperature reset 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               The dehumidify reset must be smaller than 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               the occupied zero energy band (ZEB) or 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               standby ZEB. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 10 is a list of energy management options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 10 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Demand limit 
               3 
               0 
               10 
               1 
               R 
               Demand limit control set point bump 
             
             
               control bump 
             
             
               Sequential start 
               0 
               0 
               15 
               1 
                 
               Delay in 10 second increments. 0 is no 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               delay. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Delays start of equipment after power 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               restored to thermostat. For example, 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               setting of 3 is a 30 second delay. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0–0 seconds 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1–10 seconds 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2–20 seconds 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               15–150 seconds 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 11 indicates the calibration options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 11 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Temperature 
               0 
               0 
               7 
               1 
                 
               Room Temperature display adjustment 
             
             
               display adjustment 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: No difference in displayed temperature 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               and actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Display adjusts to 1° F. (0.6° C.) higher 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: Display adjusts to 2° F. (1.1° C.) higher 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: Display adjusts to 3° F. (1.7° C.) higher 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               4: Display adjusts to −4° F. (0.6° C.) lower 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               5: Display adjusts to −3° F. (1.1° C.) lower 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               6: Display adjusts to −2° F. (1.7° C.) lower 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               than actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               7: Display adjusts to −1 F. lower than 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               actual room temperature. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 12 shows the override and bypass options. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 12 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Temporary 
               2 
               0 
               7 
               1 
               Hr 
               Override duration 
             
             
               override 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               in hours. 
             
             
               duration 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: 1 hour 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 2 hours 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               7: 8 hours 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 13 shows a time schedule with default time schedule settings. The time resolution may be one minute. The limit may be no more than two occupied or two unoccupied or two standby events per day. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 13 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Day 
               Event 
               Mode 
               Time 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
                 
               Sun 
               1 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               0 
               2 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Mon 
               1 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               1 
               2 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Tue 
               1 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               2 
               2 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Wed 
               1 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               3 
               2 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Thr 
               1 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               4 
               2 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Fri 
               1 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               5 
               2 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Sat 
               1 
             
             
                 
               6 
               2 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
               Hol 
               1 
             
             
                 
               7 
               2 
             
             
                 
                 
               3 
             
             
                 
                 
               4 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 14 shows the daylight savings schedule settings. The default range may be from the first Sunday in April to the last Sunday in October. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 14 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               DlsStartDay 
               33 
               0 
               74 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1, 2, 3, . . . 31, 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               32: LastDayOfMonth 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               33: FIRST_SUN 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               34: FIRST_MON 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               67: FIFTH_SAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               74: LAST_SAT 
             
             
               DlsStopDay 
               68 
               0 
               74 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1, 2, 3, . . . 31, 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               32: LastDayOfMonth 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               33: FIRST_SUN 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               34: FIRST_MON 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               67: FIFTH_SAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               74: LAST_SAT 
             
             
               DlsStartMonth 
                4 
               0 
               12 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Jan, . . . 12: Dec 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Default Value: April 
             
             
               DlsStopMonth 
               10 
               0 
               12 
               1 
                 
               0: None 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: Jan, . . . 12: Dec 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Default Value: October 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 15 relates to holiday schedule settings. This table shows one typical schedule of ten schedules. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 15 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Holiday 
               0 
               0 
               12 
               1 
                 
               0: Unprogrammed 
             
             
               Schedule 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: January 
             
             
               Month 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               12: December 
             
             
               Holiday 
               0 
               0 
               74 
               1 
                 
               0: Unprogrammed 
             
             
               Schedule 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1, 2, 3, . . . 31, 
             
             
               Day 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               32: LastDayOfMonth 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               33: FIRST_SUN 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               34: FIRST_MON 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               67: FIFTH_SAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               74: LAST_SAT 
             
             
               Holiday 
               0 
               0 
               99 
               1 
               days 
               0: No holiday 
             
             
               duration 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 1 day holiday 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               99: 99 day holiday 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 16 is a default holiday schedule. Configuration tool  12  may provide the following default holidays. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 16 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Holiday 
               Month 
               Day 
               Duration 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
          
             
               New Year&#39;s Day 
               1 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Memorial Day 
               5 
               Last Monday 
               1 
             
             
               Independence Day 
               7 
               4 
               1 
             
             
               Labor Day 
               9 
               First Monday 
               1 
             
             
               Thanksgiving 
               11 
               Fourth Thursday 
               1 
             
             
               Christmas 
               12 
               25 
               1 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 17 relates to a real time configuration with real time clock settings. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 17 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               Clock 
               255 
               0 
               175, 255 
               1 
                 
               Valid range is 
             
             
               Year 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Jan. 1, 2000 to 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Dec. 31, 2175 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: 2000 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 2001 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: 2002 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               175: 2175 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               255: Invalid/Not 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Used 
             
             
               Clock 
               0 
               0 
               12 
               1 
                 
               0: UnProgrammed 
             
             
               Month 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: January 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               12: December 
             
             
               Clock 
               0 
               0 
               31 
               1 
                 
               0: Unprogrammed 
             
             
               Day 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 1 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: 2 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               31: 31 
             
             
               Clock 
               720 
               0 
               1439 
               1 
                 
               0: Midnight = 
             
             
               Minutes 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               first minute 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               of the day 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               720: noon. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1439: 11:59 p.m 
             
             
               Clock 
               0 
               0 
               59 
               1 
                 
               0: 0 = first 
             
             
               Seconds 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               second of the 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               minute 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: 1 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               . 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               59: 59 = 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               last second 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               of the minute 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Configuration tool  12  may calculate a configuration identification as a function of a selected group of thermostat  11  configuration parameters, using an algorithm. Configuration tool  12  may display the computed thermostat  11  configuration identification. There are configuration parameter dependencies. Here are summarized configuration rules governing limits on parameter data entry and display in the context of thermostat  11  functional sub-base configured inputs, configured outputs and occupancy mode. There may be a temperature setpoint and mode dependency. Configuration tool default time values may be initialized based on the context of the user selected occupancy mode. Table 18 shows default schedule time values. Events 1 and 3 may be either occupied or standby. Events 2 and 4 may be either standby or unoccupied. It may be that there should be no more than two occupied or two unoccupied events per day. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 18 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Mode Selected 
               Default Time 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
          
             
                 
               Occupied 
               8:00 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               Standby 
               11:30 
               AM 
             
             
                 
               Unoccupied 
               10:00 
               PM 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 19 reveals the set point range and resolution. Setpoint constraints may include MinHeatStPt&lt;=OccHt&lt;=OccCl−2, MaxCoolStPt&gt;=OccCl&gt;=OccHt+2, UnoccHt&lt;=OccHt&lt;=OccCl−2, UnoccHt&lt;=StdByHt&lt;=StdByCl−2, UnoccCl&gt;=OccCl&gt;=OccHt+2, UnoccCl&gt;=StdByCl&gt;=StdByHt+2. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 19 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Config Option 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
                 
               Cooling Setpoint 
               45 
               99 
               1 
               F 
             
             
                 
                 
               7 
               37 
               1 
               C 
             
             
                 
               Heating Setpoint 
               40 
               90 
               1 
               F 
             
             
                 
                 
               5 
               32 
               1 
               C 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   A heat pump configuration screen context rule may be to enable a heat pump configuration if the sub-base type is 1, 2 or 3. A standard control configuration screen context rule may be to enable a standard control configuration if the sub-base type 1, 2, 3 or 4. A dehumidification configuration screen context rule may be to enable if the sub-base type is 3 or 4 and the relative humidity sensor is configured. A variable recovery rate configuration screen context rule may be to enable if the sub-base type is 2, 3 or 4 and the outside air temperature (OAT) sensor is enabled. The relative humidity sensor configuration screen context rule may be to enable if the sub-base type is 3 or 4. The discharge air temperature (DAT) and OAT sensor configuration screen context rule may be to enable if the sub-base type 2, 3 or 4. 
   Sub-base 1 may be a base wall plate configuration. A total of four relays may be available with the thermostat and sub-base. An auxiliary relay may be configured for an economizer, the time of the day, dehumidification, or an additional stage of heating or cooling. The selections that may be disabled are the relative humidity Sensor, the DAT sensor, the OAT sensor, the occupancy sensor and the remote room sensor. Table 20 shows an installer configuration option for sub-base 1. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 20 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Installer Configuration Option 
               Sub-base 1 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
               Heating output stages 
               1 
             
             
                 
               Cooling Output stages 
               1 
             
             
                 
               Room humidity sensor 
               0 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Sub-base 2 may be a two heat stage/two cool stage basic configuration. A total of six relays may be available with the thermostat and sub-base. The auxiliary relay may be configured for an economizer, time of the day (TOD), dehumidification, or an additional stage of heating or cooling. The selections that may be disabled are the network input options, the relative humidity sensor and the occupancy sensor. Table 21 shows an installer configuration option for sub-base 2. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 21 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Installer Configuration Option 
               Sub-base 2 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
               Heating output stages 
               2 
             
             
                 
               Cooling Output stages 
               2 
             
             
                 
               Room humidity sensor 
               0 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Sub-base 3 may be a three heat stage/three cool stage configuration. This sub-base may allow for conventional or heat pump operation. A total of 8 relays may be available with the thermostat and sub-base. The auxiliary relay may be configured for an economizer, the time of the day, or dehumidification. This sub-base may be configured for a two heat stage/four cool stage configuration by using the third stage of heat for an additional stage of cooling. The selections that may be disabled are the network input options. Table 22 shows an installer configuration option for sub-base 3. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 22 
             
             
                 
                 
             
             
                 
               Installer Configuration Option 
               Sub-base 3 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
               Heating output stages 
               3 
             
             
                 
               Cooling Output stages 
               3 
             
             
                 
               Room humidity sensor 
               1 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Sub-base 4 may be a modulating configuration. Relative to the modulating sub-base configuration screen context rules, a total of 4 relays may be available with the thermostat and sub-base. The auxiliary relay may be configured for an economizer, time of the day, dehumidification or an additional stage of heating or cooling. The cooling and heating action (direct and reverse) may be shown. Table 23 shows an example installer configuration option for the various sub-bases. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 23 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Installer Configuration 
               Sub-base 
               Sub-base 
               Sub-base 
               Sub-base 
             
             
               Option 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               4 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Heating output stages 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               0 
             
             
               Cooling Output stages 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               0 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   PDA configuration tool  12  may arrange and store user preferences. A preference selection for units may include SI (C) and US conventional (F). There may be a preference for alert messages such as an enable/disable alert warning regarding unsupported PDA OS™ versions. User preferences may be stored in a dedicated file. There may be one user preference set per PDA platform. 
   Preferences for regional design parameters may be stored in a default thermostat configuration. New configuration files may be instantiated with the default thermostat configuration. The user may modify the default thermostat configuration. One may lock configuration default files. The user preferences may support functions for locking and unlocking the default configuration files including the general thermostat configuration, the weekly schedule and the holiday schedule. 
   The configuration tool database manager may support 250 named configuration files in a space of 500K bytes of PDA memory. The tool application software may use up to 500K bytes of PDA memory. 
   The following figures effectively show what may be displayed on a PDA when configuring or doing settings.  FIG. 3   a  may be the opening screen of configuration tool  12  of programmable thermostat  11 . One may configure offline by selecting a new configuration. Then, in the next screen, illustrated in  FIG. 3   b , one may enter a description of the new configuration under “Description”. 
   One may connect and configure with an existing arrangement on the PDA. Various versions of firmware and software in thermostat  11  may support the processes in the following figures.  FIG. 4   a  is an opening screen where one may click “Select Existing Config”. The next screen in  FIG. 4   b  shows existing configurations on which one may click “Example2”, which may result in the next screen as illustrated in  FIG. 4   c . Here, one may click “Downld”, which may bring a screen as shown in  FIG. 4   d . Then one may click “OK” to connect the PDA serial port to the T7350 thermostat. On the other hand, one may configure a new arrangement and then connect in  FIGS. 5   a ,  5   b  and  5   c . One may click a “New Config” on the opening screen of  FIG. 5   a  and enter the new configuration name and its description on the next screen in  FIG. 5   b . The thermostat may be configured clicking the “Next” button to navigate it for entering the new configuration selections, features and settings. Clicking the “DownLd” button may result in the screen of  FIG. 5   c  for the opportunity of serially connecting the PDA  12  port to thermostat  11 . 
     FIGS. 6   a  through  6   c  relate to connecting and modifying the existing configuration. On the opening screen of  FIG. 6   a , one may click “Upload Config” and get the connecting screen in  FIG. 6   b  where one may connect the PDA to the thermostat by clicking “OK”. In  FIG. 6   c , customer XYZ configuration may be loaded. Using the “Next” button, one may navigate and modify the loaded configuration. After modification of the configuration, one may click the “DownLd” button of screen in  FIG. 6   c  to get the box for connecting PDA  12  to the thermostat  11  for downloading the modified configuration.  FIG. 6   d  shows a dialog box for connecting PDA  12  to the thermostat  11 . 
     FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  show screens that may be used for connecting and calibrating the thermostat.  FIGS. 8   a ,  8   b  and  8   c  illustrate the sequence for connecting, reading and saving, that is one may click “Upload Config” on the opening screen and connect in the box that comes up and when ready to save, click the “Save” button in the screen of  FIG. 8   c .  FIGS. 8   d  and  8   e  relate to monitoring data. 
     FIGS. 9   a  through  9   j  illustrate novice configuration and navigation. One, i.e., the user, may click on the “Next” button of the screen of the selected existing configuration, viz., Example 3, in  FIG. 9   a  to navigate it.  FIG. 9   b  shows a selection of sources of inputs for room temperature, room relative humidity, discharge air temperature and outdoor temperature. After clicking the selections, the user may click “Next” and go to another screen for an output selection of “AuxDO” of the time of the day, economizer or the dehumid hot gas BP shown in  FIG. 9   c . A next screen may be the cooling configuration in  FIG. 9   d  for a selection of the number of stages, cooling response, lockout, and set point degrees F.  FIG. 9   e  shows a similar screen for heating configuration with a selection for stages, auxiliary stages, heating response, lock out and OAT.  FIG. 9   f  is a screen that relates to features of the fan such as the switch of “On” or “Auto”, operation of conventional or electric heat, extended operation or not for heat and cool. An events schedule screen in  FIG. 9   g  provides for the modification of the schedule relative to unoccupied and occupied times of each day of the week. To insert changes, the user may click on “Modify”, which may bring up the screen shown in  FIG. 9   h , where the user may enter the times of occupancy for the various days of the week.  FIG. 9   i  shows the screen where one may enter the temperature set points for heating and cooling for the events of a space that is occupied, unoccupied and the standby mode. Also, a temperature override interval in terms of hours may be entered. The “Summary” screen of  FIG. 9   j  may be returned to upon which the user may save the changes to the configuration. 
     FIGS. 10   a  through  10   m  reveal a sequence for an advanced user configuration.  FIG. 10   a  is a summary screen of the selected configuration. The user may click the “Summary” tab or menu and one gets the menu across the top of the screen as shown in  FIG. 10   b . “Set” may be clicked for a menu of items that may be set. “Sched” may be clicked as in  FIG. 10   c  for a menu of scheduling items. One may click “Display” under “Set” in  FIG. 10   b  and get the screen of  FIG. 10   d  where certain display options can be selected. Clicking on dehumidification in  FIG. 10   b , one may get the screen of  FIG. 10   e  where one may select dehumidification options. Clicking on “EnergyMgmt” under “Set” may result in several choices in  FIG. 10   f , such as the demand limit control bump and the power failure sequence start. Loop tuning under set may bring forth a screen in  FIG. 10   g  where one may select appropriate set points. “Recovery” may be selected under “Sched” on the screen of  FIG. 10   c  where one may select temperatures for starting cooling and heating based on outside air temperatures and ramping up and down rates, as in  FIG. 10   h . The daylight saving time selected under schedule may result in the screen as shown in  FIG. 10   i  where the start and stop of daylight saving is to start and stop for the year. The “Holiday” selection under schedule may result in the list of holidays in  FIG. 10   j  or  10   l  of which one may want to click on “Modify” to get the screen in  FIG. 10   k  and thereby select the start time and duration of the selected holiday. The user may click on “Opt” in  FIG. 10   c  and then click on “User Pref”. Then one may select units, the OS alert message and the lock of defaults as shown in  FIGS. 11   a  and  11   b.    
     FIGS. 12   a  through  12   c  show file commands. One may click on “Summary” to get the menu which includes “File”. A click may be applied to “New”, “Open”, “Save”, “Save As”, “Beam” or “Delete” relative to a configuration.  FIGS. 12   b ,  12   c ,  12   d  and  12   e  show the resulting screens, respectively, to start a new configuration, open a current configuration, save a configuration as and delete a configuration. 
   The time clock may be set with configuration tool  12 . However, the configuration tool should be connected to thermostat  11  so that the thermostat real time clock may be set. The calendar year, month and day may also be set. These settings may be effected by using the PDA  12  time or it may be entered manually.  FIG. 13  shows the screen for the set clock mode. 
     FIG. 14   a  shows a start-up screen for a tool on a Palm™ PDA  12 . The main screen appears in  FIG. 14   b  and one may upload a program from thermostat  11 . Then “set up” may be selected in  FIG. 14   c  and get to a program in  FIG. 14   d . One may select a day such as Sunday to schedule.  FIG. 14   e  shows a schedule of Sunday and the occupied time may be selected, as in  FIG. 14   f . One may select the even time or time period for that occupied time in the screen of  FIG. 14   g  and do the set points in the screen of  FIG. 14   h . One may also do the installer set up, for example, relative to the display in  FIG. 14   i . Setup  2  may include selecting the heat and cool stages, for energization selection and sensor location, as shown in  FIG. 14   j . Then one may load the program for a particular file, to be for the HVAC system for a particular location, such as a merchant, like “Standard 1”, as indicated in  FIG. 14   k . The configuration for Standard 1 may be downloaded to the respective thermostat  11 , as in  FIG. 14   l . This configuration may also be saved under a file name in  FIG. 14   m.    
     FIGS. 14   n ,  14   o  and  14   p  show screens about the enabling of partial downloads after the opening screen. Partial downloads may include weekly schedule, holiday and set points.  FIG. 14   q  has “Home” added to the Set menu for returning to the opening screen in  FIG. 14   r . The user may be asked to save the current configuration before moving on. 
   PDA tool  12  may support thermostat field commissioning tasks including a temporary checkout mode (such as eliminating time delays) as well as a manual output mode.  FIGS. 14   s - 14   z  are screens supporting an override option scenario. The screen of  FIG. 14   s  or  14   t  may provide the menu or home screen, respectively, for selecting an override option.  FIG. 14   u  shows the connection message.  FIGS. 14   v  and  14   w  reveal override screens for “Mod SubBase” and “3H3C SubBase”, respectively. In the override screen of  FIG. 14   x , the user may tap the manual button. Tapping the screen of  FIG. 14   y  may let the user exit the manual mode. The screen of  FIG. 14   z  may warn the user if there is an exit with delays off or disabled. 
   Configuration tool  12  may be connected to thermostat  11  to read an online status report. The status report may include data, but not limited to, such as the thermostat firmware version, thermostat hardware version, sub-base hardware version, run time error messages, space temperature, remote temperature set point input, discharge air temperature, outside air temperature, number of heating stages active, heating capacity output in percent, number of cooling stages active, cooling capacity in terms of percent, remote space relative humidity in percent, occupancy status (on or off), effective fan setting (on, off or auto), fan status (on or off), mode (heating or cooling), economizer logic state (on or off), occupancy override status, and run time data. The configuration arrangement and/or the online status report may be transferred (HotSync) to, for instance, a Palm™ or desktop PC application or to another PDA  12 , via light beam technology or other ways. Thermostat configuration summaries may be saved to a Palm™ memo, which may also be similarly transferred. There may be a password or other security approach to prevent other PDA users from changing the default files established by the local control manager. 
   PDA  12  may be connected to thermostat  11  to make limited changes, such as one or several configuration parameters, holiday schedules, weekly schedules, operating mode, temperature settings, and so forth. The PDA  12  tool may support thermostat field commissioning tasks including a check-out mode (eliminating time delays during check-out). The check-out mode may be automatic or manual. Table 24 shows a configuration option with related information. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 24 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Config Option 
               Default 
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
             
             
             
          
             
               DisableDelays 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               0: Not in system Checkout Mode 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: In System Checkout Mode (disable 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               delays on relays, sequential start, . . . etc) 
             
             
               ManualMode 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               There may be a couple of bits for mode: 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0 = Run, 1 = manual, 2 = Factorytest. 
             
             
               ManualMode 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               Each relay/AO labeled on the Palm like it 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               is on the Stat. So the Palm would 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               determine if it is a Heat pump or 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               conventional and then display the labels. 
             
             
               ManualMode 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               Will provide a Manual Mode to turn 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               on/off each output. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               The user enters and exits manual mode 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               using the PalmTM OS Configuration 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Tool. The T7350 automatically terminates 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               manual mode if periodic updates are not 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               received or the user disconnects the serial 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               cable from the PalmTM OS Configuration 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Tool. 
             
             
               ManualMode 
               0 
               0 
               2 
               1 
                 
               Manual Mode is not a flashed 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               “permanent” state. Manual mode or test- 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               speedup mode is not remembered through 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               a power down or restart. 
             
             
               Relay1 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
                 
               There will be 8 bits (1 byte) for the 8 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               relays. 0 = off 1 = On 
             
             
               Relay2 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Relay3 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Relay4 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Relay5 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Relay6 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               Relay7 
               0 
               0 
               1 
               1 
             
             
               ModOut1 
               0 
               0 
               100 
               1 
               % 
               There will be 2 bytes for the modulating 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               outputs: 0–100% each. When thermostat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               sees mode change to manual, it may set 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
                 
               the outputs to the values specified. 
             
             
               ModOut2 
               0 
               0 
               100 
               1 
               % 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   One may monitor thermostat operating data to determine the health of the thermostat. Tables 25 and 26 indicate the various configuration items and parameters that may be monitored. Table 25 shows the input data that may be monitored. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 25 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Space Temperature 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Remote temperature setpoint input 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               DAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               OAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Space RH % 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Occupancy sensor status (on/off) 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Fan status (on/off) 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Occupancy override status 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 26 shows the items and output data that may be monitored. Operating modes may likewise be monitored. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 26 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               # of heating stages active 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Heating capacity output % 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               # of cooling stages active 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Cooling capacity output % 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Economizer logic state (on/off) 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 27 lists some models and their data that may be monitored. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 27 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Min 
               Max 
               Res 
               Units 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Dehumidification: Reheat 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Dehumidification: SetPoint Reset 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Dehumidification: Min On Time 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Extended 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Recovery Mode 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Operational Mode: Heating/Cooling 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Effective SetPoint 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               DLC 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Real Time 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Operating Date 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Heating Lockout Mode 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               Cooling Lockout Mode 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Thermostat operating data may be monitored. A table 28 may provide data values with display dependency indications. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 28 
             
             
                 
             
             
                 
                 
               Display 
               Report 
                 
             
             
               Thermostat Data 
               Display 
               Dependency 
               Text Description 
               Comments 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               version.major 
               A 
                 
               FirmwareVersion: 0.0.19 
                 
             
             
               version.minor 
             
             
               version.bug 
             
             
               version.commVer 
               V 
                 
               ComVersion: 1 
             
             
               version.rePgmrVer 
               V 
                 
               ReProgrammerVersion: 
             
             
               status3.subBaseType 
               A 
                 
               SubBaseID: T7350D, 3H3C 
             
             
               subBase.connected 
               V 
                 
               CommunicatingSubBase: Yes 
             
             
               statusAnalog.spaceTemp 
               A 
                 
               RoomTemperature: 75 F. 
             
             
               statusAnalog.dischTemp 
               D 
               configured 
               DischargeAirTemp: 105 F. 
               config.dischAirSensor 
             
             
               statusAnalog.spaceHumidity 
               D 
               configured 
               Room RH: 33% 
               config.humiditySensor 
             
             
               statusAnalog.oDTemp 
               D 
               configured 
               OutdoorAir: 25 F. 
               config.oDAirSensor 
             
             
               statusAnalog.remoteStPtOffset 
               D 
               configured 
               RemoteSetPtOffset: 2 F. 
               config.remoteSetPoint 
             
             
               statusAnalog.temporarySetPt 
               D 
               value &lt; &gt; 0 
               TemporarySetPt: 76 F. 
               Display actual temporary 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               setpoint if Delta value &lt; &gt; 0 
             
             
               status1.totalError 
               N 
                 
                 
               Total error reported by the 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               control loop. 
             
             
               status1.bypassTime 
               D 
               value &gt; 0 
               BypassTime: 180 min 
             
             
               status1.tuncos 
               N 
                 
                 
               Time until next scheduled 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               change of occupancy state: 
             
             
               status1.DaysLeftKeypadHoliday 
               D 
               value &gt; 0 
               HolidayDaysRemaining: 7 
             
             
               status1.currentState 
               A 
                 
               TimeSchedule: OCC 
               Current scheduled occupancy 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               state 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: OCC 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: UNOCC 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: BYPASS 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: STANDBY 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               7: OCCNUL 
             
             
               status1.nextState 
               N 
             
             
               status1.occSensor 
               D 
               configured 
               OccSensor: 0 
               config.occSensor = 1 
             
             
               status1.holiday 
               N 
             
             
               status2.heatStgsOn 
               A 
               configured 
               HeatingStagesActive: 2 
             
             
                 
               D 
               configured 
               AuxHeatingStagesActive: 2 
               Control = HeatPump 
             
             
               status2.coolStgsOn 
               A 
               configured 
               CoolingStagesActive: 1 
             
             
               status2.percentCmdHeat 
               D 
               configured 
               HeatingOutput: 57% 
               SubBaseID = M 
             
             
               status2.percentCmdCool 
               D 
               configured 
               CoolingOutput: 33% 
               SubBaseID = M 
             
             
               status2.outFan 
               N 
             
             
               status2.outCool1 
               N 
             
             
               status2.outCool2 
               N 
             
             
               status2.outCool3 
               N 
             
             
               status2.outAux 
               A 
             
             
               status2.outHeat1 
               D 
               configured 
               O/BChangeoverOver: ON 
               Control = heatpump 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               config.heatPump 
             
             
               status2.outHeat2 
               N 
             
             
               status2.outHeat3 
               N 
             
             
               status2.effMode 
               A 
                 
               EffectiveMode: Cool 
               Effective operating mode: 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               0: OFF_MODE 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               1: COOL_MODE 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               2: HEAT_MODE 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               3: EMERG_HEAT_MODE 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               4: REHEAT 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               5: MANUAL 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               6: FACTORY_TEST 
             
             
               status2.fan 
               A 
                 
               FanStatus: ON 
             
             
               status2.auxRelay 
               D 
               configured 
               Economizer: ON 
               NotHeatPmp AND Subbase &gt; 1 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               config.auxOpMode = 1 
             
             
                 
               D 
               configured 
               HotGasDehumidification: 
               config.auxOpMode = 2 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               ON 
             
             
                 
               D 
               configured 
               SimpleDehumidification: 
               config.auxOpMode = 3 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               ON 
             
             
                 
               D 
               configured 
               TimeOfDayContact: ON 
               config.auxOpMode = 0 
             
             
               status2.unused1 
               N 
             
             
               status2.stagesActive 
               N 
               configured 
             
             
               status2.noAuxHeat1 
               N 
             
             
               status2.noAuxHeat2 
               N 
             
             
               status2.dehumidActive 
               N 
               configured 
               Dehumidification: ON 
               RH sensor configured 
             
             
               status2.DALimit 
               D 
               configured 
               DishargeAirLimiting: ON 
               config.enableDALoLimit = 1 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               OR 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
                 
               config.enableDAHiLimit = 1 
             
             
               status2.unused2 
               N 
             
             
               status3.effOccTuncos 
               N 
             
             
               status3.effSetPt_s6 
               A 
                 
               EffectiveSetPoint: 72 F. 
             
             
               status3.effOccCurrentState 
               A 
                 
               EffectiveOccupancy: OCC 
             
             
               status3.unused1 
               N 
             
             
               status3.effOccNextState 
               N 
             
             
               status3.unused2 
               N 
             
             
               status4.terminalLoad 
               V 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Display Key: A - Always display 
             
             
               D - Display based on context Dependency 
             
             
               N - Never displayed 
             
             
               V - Verbose mode only 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   One may backup thermostat configuration files from PDA  12  to a PC. These PDA configuration files may be restored in the event of battery failure or PDA demise or loss. If the latter occurs, one may go to a store and purchase another PDA and upload the files from the PC, and continue about the business with the new PDA. 
   A PC archive of thermostat configuration information may have several benefits. The PC archive database may support multiple PDA users. Individual thermostat configuration files may be organized in groups by customer building or project name. PDA users may from such database select individual configurations and incrementally install them on a specific PDA using the PC hot sync function. The function may be hardwired or be of an IR or other wireless method. Other connective functions may be implemented. There may be last session information. In other words, the PDA or PC user may be returned to the last edited configuration file and last used configuration screen. Also, a list of the last five or so configuration files opened by the user may be presented upon going into the configuration program. There may also be various warnings about the adequacy of the PDA hardware and software. 
   The PDA user may be able to field calibrate analog outputs. For high accuracy on the analog outputs or inputs, the user may modify gain and offset constraints. For instance, the user may field calibrate the humidity sensor. The user may be able to add an offset to the sensor reading. Various abbreviated titles, terms and acronyms may be connected by PDA  12  with a button toggle to obtain the full title or meaning. For instance, one may toggle on “LeadTimeInfo” to get “Lead Time Table of Information.” 
   PDA  12  may not only upload a configuration from thermostat  11 , but it may be able to upload a contractor&#39;s name, logo and telephone number. This information may be presented on the screen of PDA  12 . Also, it may likewise be displayable on thermostat  11 . Such information may be useful in case there is a thermostat problem, regular preventive maintenance or routine check scheduled, filter change needed, a seasonal configuration change, or other items in which contacting a contractor could be helpful. 
     FIG. 15  is a flow diagram of an entry of a contractor&#39;s phone number and logo graphic (and possibly additional information) on a PC at block  16 . The format of the logo graphic may be checked at junction  17 . If the format is not proper, then it may be converted at block  18 . If or when the format is proper, then it may be checked for size at junction  19 . If the logo is not the correct size, then it is not resized at block  20 . If and when the logo is of acceptable size, then the contractor information may be stored in the PC. At block  21 , the contractor information may be transferred as data from the PC to a PDA or portable memory media (e.g., smart media, compact flash or a memory stick). At block or step  22 , the contractor information data may be transferred to thermostat  11  EEPROM/FLASH  23  via PDA  12  using an easy wire, IR or RF connection, or via a portable memory. 
   The electronic thermostat assembly may consist of two pieces, the cover assembly  30  and sub-base  14 . The cover assembly may include, but is not limited to, the MMI and a display  38  for 7-day programming. Assembly  30  and display  38  are shown in  FIGS. 17   b  and  17   a , respectively. The sub-base(s) include the equipment control connections. The sub-base is mounted on the wall and the thermostat cover assembly is mounted on the sub-base. Different sub-bases will be used for different applications including; up to 3 heating stages/3 cooling stages or 2 heating stages/4 cooling stages, modulating outputs, and dehumidification high limit control. Each sub-base is compatible with the common cover assembly. 
   There may be a disable delay/sequential start option. This may allow faster testing in the field by disabling the minimum on/off time delays for relay outputs and the sequential start delay. The rate at which the control algorithm runs (once every 10 seconds) determines the rate at which stages cycle on and off. Other test options may include the following. 
   The installer may enter the disable delay option by pressing a special combination of keys and selecting “in-test” and then pressing the “run” key. The installer may exit the disable delay option by pressing a special combination of keys and selecting “no-test” and then pressing the run key. 
   There may be a capability to field flash thermostat  11  from the serial port. This may allow the user to upgrade the firmware in the field. Initially, a lap-top PC  24 , running a special program may be used to connect to the thermostat serial port. Later, a program may be developed to do this through the Palm™ OS configuration tool. Schedule programming, installer configuration options, set points, system switch, fan switch, and keypad lockout may all be field adjustable through the thermostat keypad/LCD or a Palm™ OS configuration tool. Some parameters may be configured and monitored only through the Palm™ OS configuration tool. Others can be configured and monitored from both the keypad/LCD and Palm™ OS configuration tool  12 . 
     FIG. 16  is a thermostat system level diagram with major components and a system communications overview. Thermostat  11  may interface with remote air management system or HVAC equipment controls  26 , external sensors and switches  25 , and a remote wall module  27 . Signals, including commands to equipment, between thermostat  11  and air management or HVAC controls  26  may be via connection  33 . External sensors and switches  25  may include discharge air temperature, outdoor air temperature, humidity and occupancy sensor. Information from sensors and switches  25  may be conveyed along connection  29  to thermostat  11 . Remote wall module  27  may include a temperature sensor, an override switch with an LED and a warmer/cooler (set point offset) knob, with related information being conveyed between module  27  and thermostat  11  along connection  31 . 
   Thermostat  11  may have a serial communications set-up or interface module  28  to allow inboard and outboard information to go between thermostat  11  and set-up  28  along a connection  32 . Communications between set-up or module  28  and an external device  56 , such as an installer configuration tool  12  and a communicating sub-base  14 , may be via a connection  34 . Firmware to thermostat  11  may be downloaded form an appropriate device  36  via a JTAG interface connection  37 . 
   Thermostat  11  may be configured using an “Installer Setup” through the thermostat keys on cover assembly  30  for basic setup functions. More advanced features may be available through installer configuration tool  12 . Installer configuration tool  12  may be compatible with a Palm™ OS handheld computer. 
   There may be a thermostat  11  output modulation control. This approach may solve problems associated with control issues by sending analog heating and cooling signals to be implemented by controls of an air management system or roof top unit  40  of  FIG. 21 . System or unit  40  may have a duct  39  for taking in outside air (OA), a duct  41  for taking in return air (RA) of a space, and a duct  42  for discharging air (DA). Unit  40  includes a cooling unit  43  and a heating unit  44 . Several enhancements and options may exist in the algorithm and thermostat configuration to assist and lead to control of water valves and oversized heating coils and loads. There may be various approaches for implementing analog output and modulation in a thermostat. One may use configuration codes in the sub-base combined with a configuration tool and interchangeable sub-bases. 
   The present electronic thermostat system may consist of two components, thermostat  11  and the sub-base  14 . The thermostat may include a human interface and display for user programming, the microprocessor, four relays, a space sensor and a power supply. The sub-base may include equipment control connections, additional relays, optional analog output, and some power supply components. The sub-base may be mounted on the wall and the thermostat may be mounted on the sub-base. Different sub-base types may be used for different applications including up to three heat/three cool or two heat/four cool, modulating outputs, dehumidification high limit control, and communications with a building automation system. All sub-base types may be compatible with the thermostat. 
   A Palm™ PDA may be connected to the thermostat and be used to configure or program the thermostat. The communications port may be used by the factory to test the hardware features of the device. An optional remote wall module may be attached to the device to sense space temperature, control the set point, initiate a schedule override timer, and display the status of the override timer. 
   Thermostat  11  of  FIG. 1  may contain a software component in the thermostat that allows automatic configuration of the output actuation type (modulation and discrete) identified by the sub-base with preset configuration resistors. Additional configuration information may be provided in the Palm™ configuration tool that allows setting of the parameters related to the modulating outputs. The following table reveals the various options for the sub-bases. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 29 
             
             
                 
             
             
                 
               Sub- 
               Sub- 
               Sub- 
               Sub- 
             
             
                 
               base 
               base 
               base 
               base 
             
             
               Installer Configuration Option 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               4 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Heating output stages 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               0 
             
             
               Cooling Output stages 
               1 
               2 
               3 
               0 
             
             
               Heating Throttling Range ® 
               3 
               4 
               7 
               5 
             
             
               Cooling Throttling Range ® 
               3 
               4 
               7 
               5 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   The next table relates to modulating system valve control. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
                 
               TABLE 30 
             
             
                 
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
               Cooling Valve 
               Applies to the modulating Cooling valve 
             
             
                 
                 
               0 = direct acting. 
             
             
                 
                 
               1 = reverse acting. 
             
             
                 
               Heating Valve 
               Applies to the modulating Heating valve 
             
             
                 
                 
               0 = direct acting. 
             
             
                 
                 
               1 = reverse acting. 
             
             
                 
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   The hardware component of the output actuation may be implemented though an analog output set. The microprocessor may output the signal as a duty cycle signal that is driven into a digital to analog conversion circuit. 
   The system may solve the problems associated with control issues by implementing a true analog heating and cooling signal to be implemented by the roof top  40  control system. Several enhancements and options exist in the algorithm and thermostat configuration to assist and lead to control of water valve control and oversized heating coils and loads. Under staging conditions, traditional control algorithm techniques may be used to control the on/off control to the heating coils, cooling coils and fan. When used in a modulating configuration, special analog driver circuits may allow the output from the thermostat to provide 4 to 20 milliamps and 2 to 10 volts for direct interfacing for the control of modulated components. These control parameters are popular ranges for many modulated dampers and valves used in air management systems, such as HVACs. 
   The thermostat may contain a software component that allows automatic configuration of the output actuation type (modulation and discrete) identified by the sub-base with preset configuration resistors. The hardware component of the output actuation may be implemented through an analog interface set from the thermostat. Analog control and interface to the modulation may be controlled through software algorithm PID and staging information. If additional heating is desired after a stage is added at low load, additional supply is available through increasing of the analog heating signal. Applications of this modulating thermostat may be used for boiler firing rate controls and other energy supply or cooling type equipment. Through the use of programmable memory, additional algorithms can be developed to apply to a wide range and variety of control applications besides air management system control. 
   The present thermostat may provide modulated/analog control of an air management system and discrete/digital control of the same or another air management system. This thermostat may provide modulating control of a single stage of heating and/or cooling. On the other hand, this thermostat may provide modulating control of multiple stages of heating and cooling. Using a modulating signal to control each cooling or heating stage may result in maintaining the outputs of the controlled stages at efficient levels. If more output is needed from that stage, the thermostat may, with a modulating output, call on another stage and control it for more heating or cooling, so as to maintain the better efficiency of the first stage by not increasing the modulating output to the first stage to increase its output. Also, modulated control may result in the next stage&#39;s approaching an efficient level of output. This approach may continue for more or less output as needed from the respective stages. The thermostat may provide analog or digital signals for controlling single or multiple cooling or heating stages. The thermostat may have any combination or all of these features. 
     FIG. 17  is a block diagram of a modulating commercial thermostat system. The system is composed of several major components including a Honeywell™ T7350 thermostat  11 , a configuration tool (PDA)  12 , and external mechanical equipment  57 . Thermostat  11  may be composed of several major sections including a cover assembly  30 , modulating sub-base  14  and external sensors. External sensors may include discharge air sensors  64 , outside air sensors  65 , a humidity sensor  66 , and a space temperature sensor  67 . These sensors may be connected to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  59 . Within a cover assembly  30 , a microprocessor  61  may contain the software instructions that control the interface between the control algorithm and the ADC and digital input/output (I/O) blocks  59  and  58 , respectively. Microprocessor  61  may be a microcontroller having a schedule and an algorithm, and a flash memory. A JTAG connection  37  to microprocessor  61  may allow upgradeable field programming and real time emulation of operation. A real-time clock  62  may be connected to processor  61 . Sub-base  14  configuration resistor  63  may be read on power-up and provide an indication of a unique resistor value that indicates the presence of a modulating sub-base. 
   ADC block  59  may convert the incoming analog resistance values into digital values that can be read by microprocessor  61 . The analog resistors values to ADC  59  may come from discharge air sensors  64 , outside air sensors  65 , humidity sensor  66 , space temperature sensor  67 , motion sensor  68 , and other sensors  69 . Another analog input to ADC  59  may be from sub-base configuration resistor  63 . A modulation signal may be derived from a pulse width modulated (PWM) signal conversion circuit which converts the time-multiplexed duty cycled signal from the algorithm of processor  61  into a 4-20 milliampere (mA) modulating signal. The 4-20 mA signals may be fed, via the modulating cooling interface  72  and modulating heating interface  73 , to HVAC mechanical equipment  57  and may be used to control space temperature with analog control dampers among other HVAC mechanical equipment  57 , as needed. A digital I/O  58  may be connected to microprocessor  61 . A motion sensor  68  and other external sensors  69  may provide signals to processor  61  via digital I/O  58 . Processor  61  may provide signals to cooling relay  74 , heating relay  75 , fan relay  76  and auxiliary relay  77 . The outputs of these relays may be connected to HVAC mechanical equipment  57 . 
   Since modulating control of both heating and cooling valves may be under microprocessor  61  control via modulating cooling and heating interfaces  72  and  73 , respectively, and since thermostat  11  may be capable of humidity control, the thermostat can in general control or limit humidity effectively through the use of modulating the cooling as necessary to reduce the humidity of the outside air that typically accounts for most of the humidity load in a commercial building. Different strategies may be used to do dehumidification control including the use of both heating and cooling relays and heating and cooling modulating valves in different ratios. Modulation of dampers to control the volume of air per unit of time through the cooling mechanism may also be used for dehumidification control. 
     FIG. 18  is a block diagram of the networked modulating thermostat. Components associated with thermostat  11  may include the system sequencing control  78 , which may be a Lonworks™ communicating node that allows network information to be shared on a network communications bus  84  in the form of “network variables”. Standard network variables may exist for standard representations of temperature, humidity, and digital on/off and analog values. Sequencer  78  may have a local sensors  79  connection. The availability of modulating controls may allow for a master sequencing control  78  node to make staging and modulating decisions for the whole system based on local sensors. Also, local sensor information may be shared on a one-to-one, or one-to-many basis using a Lonworks™ process called “binding”. It may allow, for instance, the outside air temperature and outside humidity signals to be shared across multiple controllers, including information for temperature and humidity control for individual nodes  82  and  83 . Controller  192  may be associated with node  82 . Controller  192  may have a thermostat  11  and a sub-base  14  which are set up for two stage cooling and two stage heating. Mechanical equipment  57  may be driven with digital-like, discrete, non-modulated signals from controller  192 . Sources  194 ,  195  and  196  connected to thermostat  11  may provide temperature, humidity and outside parameter information, respectively, to controller  192 . Other controllers on bus  84  may likewise have such sources connected to them. Also, a controller  193  may be associated with node  83 . Controller  193  may have a thermostat  11  and a sub-base  14  which are set up for modulated one stage cooling and heating. Mechanical equipment  57  may be driven with analog, modulated signals from controller  193 . Thermostat  11  of controllers  192  and  193  may be the same thermostat or different thermostats. If these controllers have the same thermostat, that thermostat may have the capability of controlling both non-modulated air management systems and modulated air management systems. 
   In  FIG. 18 , there may be numerous other nodes having additional controllers (though not explicitly shown) associated with them, respectively. The controllers may output non-modulated or modulated control signals to their respective mechanical equipment which may consist of HVACs, respectively, having valves and/or dampers controlled by signal outputs from their corresponding controllers. Often, the air management systems, such as HVACs, that are recipients of the non-modulated control signals, are multiple stage cooling and heating systems. And often, the air management systems, such as HVACs, that are recipients of the modulated control signals, are single unit cooling and heating systems. However, in lieu of the latter single unit systems, there may be modulated multiple stage cooling and heating systems. Both modulated and non-modulated systems may also have humidity control. 
   Sequencing information may be collected from sensors  79  on node  81  or network binding sensors to allow for sequential staging and algorithm enhancements. Local and non-local sensors may be those for measuring temperature and humidity, and other parameters. The sensors may be situated in various locations such as outside, the controlled space and in or proximate to the air management equipment. Since the individual nodes may command analog and digital values from both the local node and the system node, the system node can command individual node analog and digital values as required in temperature (and sometimes humidity and other parameter) control systems, such as HVACs. 
   System sequence control  78  may be a controller configured as a sequencer with controllers  192 ,  193  and others added and connected to the network communications bus  84 . Controllers  192 ,  193  and the like may act as individual controllers which periodically send status messages to sequencer  78 . Also, sequencer  78  may periodically send information, instructions and commands to controllers  192 ,  193  and other like controllers, if any. Such information, instructions or commands may affect the respective controller&#39;s control of mechanical equipment  57  of an HVAC or other air management equipment. 
   Sequencer  78  may also control a multi-stage heating and cooling system via thermostat(s). That is, there may be modulated control of each stage of heating and cooling. The percentage a stage&#39;s maximum output may be somewhat less than 100 percent. That percentage may be determined, for example, by an effective operating efficiency singlely or in combination with one or more other stages. Other bases may be used for determined the percentage of maximum operation of a stage. The percentages may be different among the stages and dependent upon parameters such as temperatures, humidity and so forth. Sequence control may also be of non-modulated stages or of a mix of modulated and non-modulated stages. The sequence may be utilized for air management systems having humidity control. A user interface  197 , similar to interface  30 , having a keyboard and a display, may be connected to sequencer  78  for programming, configuring and testing the sequencer and associated controllers on communications bus  84 . A personal digital assistant (e.g., PDA  12 ) may be connected to user interface  197  or directly to sequencer  78  for programming, configuring and testing the sequencer and associated controllers on communications bus  84 . The connection of the PDA to interface  197  or sequencer  78  may be via a wire or wireless medium (e.g., RF, infrared or optical fiber). Each thermostat  11  associated with bus  84  may likewise have a user interface  30  and PDA  12  as disclosed herein. 
     FIG. 19  is a flow diagram of the modulating sub-base sequence. An input may enter the sequence at decision  85  which asks whether the power is within acceptable limits. If not, a power shut-down may be initiated along with the saving of the schedule and configuration, as indicated in block  86 . If the power is within acceptable limits, then the analog/digital (A/D) registers may be initialized and the analog outputs commanded to 4 mA, according to block  87 . The output of block  87  may go to block  88  and cause the sub-base configuration resistor ID to be read. The next question of symbol  89  may be whether the modulating resistor identification (ID) is valid or not. If not, a signal may be sent back to the beginning of block  88  and the process may repeat itself with the same question of validation of the modulating resistor ID. If the resistor ID is valid, then a signal may be sent from decision diamond  89  to block  91  for the temperature and humidity sensors to be read. After these readings, control algorithm action of block  92  may occur. The measured value temperature minus a temperature set point may equal the error, and the humidity error may be a function of humidity value and the humidity high limit. After the action of block  92 , an output may go to symbol  93  to ask whether an analog modulating sub-base is present. If not, then a digital output may be a function of measured temperature error, measured humidity error, and configuration type, as in block  94 . If so, then a modulating output may be a function of measured temperature error, measured humidity error and configuration type, as in block  95 . 
     FIGS. 20   a  and  20   b  show an illustrative example of a display  38  and a keypad  45  user interface  30 . Keypad  45  may control HVAC equipment often described as a conventional roof top unit (RTU)  40  with gas or electric heat and direct expansion (DX) cooling. There may be 0-3 stages of heat, and up to 6 stages of heating and cooling combined. There may be 0-4 stages of compressor, and up to 6 stages of heating and cooling combined. There may be a single speed fan. An auxiliary relay may be used to enable economizer dampers, TOD or dehumidification. A heat pump roof top unit  40  may have gas or electric auxiliary heat. There may be 0-2 stages of auxiliary heat, 0-3 stages of compressor, a heating or cooling changeover valve, and be configurable for ON for heat or ON for cool. It may have a single speed fan. Also, an auxiliary relay may be used to enable economizer dampers, TOD (time of day) or dehumidification. 
   A modulating roof top unit may have a hot water valve or modulating gas heat and/or chilled water valve.  FIG. 21  shows a typical roof top unit  40 . Roof top unit may have cooling equipment  43  and heating equipment  44 . It may also have a fan  46 , a DAT  47  and an OAT  48 . There may be dampers  49  and  51  to regulate the flow of the outside air and return air to RTU  40 . Dampers  49  and  51  may have a common mechanical connection  52  which coordinates their movements relative to each other. A control panel  50  for RTU  40  may be connected to cooling equipment  43 , heating equipment  44 , fan  46 , dampers  49  and  51 , and a heat pump cutout valve  53 . Control panel may receive control signals from and send signals to thermostat  11 . A DAT sensor  47 , an OAT sensor  48 , an occupancy sensor  54  and a remote sensor  55  may be connected to thermostat  11 . 
   RTU  40  may have a heat enable, cool enable, or 0-2 stages of heat or compressor. The modulating outputs may be always active. They may be always being driven 0-100 percent. When the number of stages is zero, the relay outputs may be used to enable heating or cooling outputs. This means the relay may turn on when the modulating output is nonzero and turn off when the output is zero. Staged action may be used in addition to the modulating outputs. The number of stages may be set to 1 or 2, or more if desired. In this particular case, the relay output(s) may be used for up to 2 stages of heating or cooling. Note that the user might not have both two stages of cooling and two stages of heating. In another example, the user may have modulated heat, a heat pump enable relay and one stage of cooling. Or the user may have modulated heat, a heat pump enable relay, and two stages of cooling. The cooling analog output may be direct or reverse acting. The heating analog output may be direct or reverse acting. The may be a single speed fan. Although a multiple speed fan may be used. There may an auxiliary relay used to enable economizer dampers, TOD or dehumidification. 
   The hardware of thermostat  11  may have the following configuration, which includes an internal room temperature sensor, an LCD display  38  with back-lighting, a keypad  45 , a system and fan switching capability through the keypad, as indicated in  FIGS. 20   a  and  20   b . Also, there may be a serial communications link from thermostat  11  to configuration tool  12  (Palm™ OS) and a network communicating sub-base. There may be four onboard relays with one for heat, one for cooling, one for a fan, and one auxiliary relay. 
   Recognition of the sub-base I/O (input/output) may be through the hardware. The thermostat cover assembly may indicate the sub-base I/O configuration by a resistor located on the sub-base. Each I/O configuration may have a unique resistor value. One sub-base configuration may have modulating outputs. A total of four relays may be available with a thermostat cover assembly and the sub-base. The auxiliary relay may be configured for an economizer, TOD, dehumidification or an additional stage of heating or cooling. There may be a modulating heating output and a modulating cooling output. Also included may be a humidity sensor mounted in the sub-base, a remote room sensor, a remote room humidity sensor, a remote discharge air temperature sensor, a remote outdoor air temperature sensor, and remote occupancy input (digital input). There may be access to the serial communications port on the thermostat. The modulating sub-base may or may not support heat pumps. 
   An open, short, or out-of-range on the internal or remote room sensor input(s) to the thermostat may cause the outputs to be turned off. The fault detection might be just done on the sensor being used. That is, if the internal sensor is being used, faults on the remote sensor are ignored. The system may provide proportional plus integral plus derivative temperature control. 
   There may be testability capabilities. The thermostat may cooperate with factory testers such as in-circuit and functional tests to verify its functionality. The industry standard JTAG port will be available for the factory tester to program the flash memory and test the device. Boundary Scan, formally known as IEEE/ANSI 1149.1 — 1190 is a standard which facilitates testing, device programming and debugging at the semiconductor, board and system levels. The standard came about as a result of the efforts of a Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) formed by several North American and European companies. IEEE Std 1149.1 was originally developed as an on-chip test infrastructure capable of extending the lifetime of available automatic test equipment (ATE). This methodology of incorporating design-for-test allows complete control and access to the boundary pins of a device without the need for a bed-of-nails or other test equipment. The OS label applied to the control represents the features of the control. This product may be designed such that 100 percent of the inputs and outputs can be tested in the factory. 
   One may interface to a Palm™ OS tool to do installer configurations, set parameters, set schedules and tests, including factory-like testing, and diagnostics. The Palm™ OS configuration tool has several basic functions installer configuration (defines the equipment attached to the thermostat); parameter modification (gains, set points, and the like), schedule changes, and testing and diagnostics. 
   Keypad  45  and LCD display  38  user interface  30  may be in the flash memory file (accessed through document management software). Thermostat  11  may have the LCD segments depicted in  FIGS. 20   a  and  20   b .  FIG. 20   a  shows the available LCD elements in display  38 . There are elements for displaying time, temperature, days of the week, humidity, occupied status, far status, heat and cool status, setting for schedules and times, and so forth. Further, display  38  may be a dot-matrix system with shading of the respective pixels. Display  38  may be a black and white display with a gray scale system, or a color display which is capable of displaying graphics, pictures and symbols, including company or contractor logos. Display  38  may be capable of displaying video-like or television-type pictures. Interface  30  may have a speaker for providing sound associated with video information on display  38 . Also, a microphone may be attached to interface  30  for voice instructions or other audio purposes. 
     FIG. 20   b  shows user interface  30  with display  38  and keyboard  45 . Button or keys  96  and  97  may be used for entering up and down settings, respectively. Key  98  may be used to obtain information. Keypad or keyboard  45  may have a settings group  99 , set group  101 , override group  102  and a program group  103  of keys. Buttons or keys  104  and  105  may be for the heat and cool temperature set points for occupied periods. Keys  106  and  107  may be for heat and cool temperature set points for unoccupied periods. The day and time of the clock may be set with keys  108  and  109 , respectively. Keys  110  and  111  of override group  102  may be used for temporary occupied and holiday schedule selection, respectively. Alternatively, key  111  may be for “Temporary Not Occupied” override, as indicated in Table 31. One may program schedules of occupied and unoccupied times for various days in key group  103 . Key  112  may be used to select the day to be scheduled, key  113  may be used for selecting the occupied times and key  114  for selecting the not occupied times for the selected day. Key  115  may be used to clear the set schedule of that day. Key  116  may be used to copy a schedule of one day into another. Other keys of interface  30 , include a system key  117  for selecting a cooling or heating system, and a key  118  for putting the fan “on” or on “auto”. Key  119  be used to run the system. Table 31 provides some description of the various keys on keyboard  45 . 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 31 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Reference 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               Number 
               Grouping 
               Button 
               Definition 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
                 
             
          
         
         
             
             
             
             
          
             
               96 
               Information 
               Down Arrow 
               Used for lowering setpoints, days, and times. When setting 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               times or temperatures, holding this key down results in 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               continuously decreasing the time. 
             
             
               98 
               Information 
               
                 
               
               Used to obtain information (and setting humidity “high-limit” 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               value) 
             
             
               97 
               Information 
               Up Arrow 
               Used for raising setpoints, days, and times. When setting 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               times or temperatures, holding this key down results in 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               continuously increasing the time. 
             
             
               104 
               Temperature 
               Occupied Heat 
               Set Occupied Heat setpoint 
             
             
               105 
               Temperature 
               Occupied Cool 
               Set Occupied Cool setpoint 
             
             
               106 
               Temperature 
               Not Occupied Heat 
               Set Not Occupied Heat setpoint 
             
             
               107 
               Temperature 
               Not Occupied Cool 
               Set Not Occupied Cool setpoint 
             
             
               108 
               Set 
               Day 
               Set day of week. Tapping this key when the ‘Set Value’ 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               segment is on will also increase the current day (same effect 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               as up arrow key) 
             
             
               109 
               Set 
               Time 
               Set time. Tapping this key when the “Set Value” segment is 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               on will also increase the time in one hour increments 
             
             
               110 
               Override 
               Temporary Occupied 
               Temporary occupied setting for length of time defined by 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               installer. 
             
             
               111 
               Override 
               Temporary Not 
               Set Not Occupied length. User can select length of days 
             
             
                 
                 
               Occupied 
               (“0”–“99”), or “---” for continuous override 
             
             
               112 
               Schedule 
               Day 
               Selects day schedule to modify 
             
             
               113 
               Schedule 
               Occupied 
               Selects occupied event start times for specified day. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               Repeatedly pressing this key toggles between two occupied 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               events. 
             
             
               114 
               Schedule 
               Not Occupied 
               Selects not occupied event start times for specified day. 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               Repeatedly pressing this key toggles between two not 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               occupied events. 
             
             
               115 
               Schedule 
               Clear Start Time 
               Clears start time for specified period and day 
             
             
               116 
               Schedule 
               Copy 
               Copies schedule from one day to another. 
             
             
               117 
                 
               System 
               Selects System Mode. Toggles between Em Heat, Heat, 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               Off, Cool, and Auto modes. 
             
             
               118 
                 
               Fan 
               Selects mode of fan operation. Toggles between On and 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               Auto. 
             
             
               119 
                 
               Run Schedule 
               Resumes running schedule (cancels any Temporary 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               Occupied action, Temporary Not Occupied, or Temporary 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               setpoint change.) 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   In system checkout there may be disable delay, test and monitoring from Palm™ configuration tool  11 . One may be able to access a manual mode from the Palm™ OS configuration tool. This may allow the user to manually turn on and off or modulate each output to verify wiring. 
   The electronic thermostat system may consist of two pieces, thermostat  11  and sub-base  14 . Thermostat  11  may include a human interface  30  and display  38  for user programming, a microprocessor  61 , four relays  74 ,  75 ,  76 ,  77 , a space sensor  67 , and a power supply. Sub-base  14  may include the equipment control connections, additional relays, optional analog output, and some power supply components. Sub-base  14  is mounted on the wall and thermostat  11  may be mounted on sub-base  14 . Different sub-base  14  types may be used for different applications including up to three heat/three cool or two heat/four cool, modulating outputs, dehumidification high limit control, and communications with a building automation system. All sub-base  14  types may be compatible with thermostat  11 . 
   A Palm™ PDA  12  may be connected to thermostat  11  and used to configure or program thermostat  11 . Future sub-base  14  types may have the capability of communications to a building automation system via a net connection. The communications port may be used by the factory or a PDA to test the hardware features of the device. 
   An optional remote wall module may be attached to the device to sense space temperature, control the set point, initiate a schedule override timer, and display the status of the override timer. Optional remote discharge, outdoor air, humidity, and occupancy sensors may be attached to thermostat  11  via sub-base  14 . 
   In the factory, thermostat  11  may be connected to a programming device that programs the flash memory via the industry standard JTAG port. This port may also by used to down load revised software in the field. 
   There may be control algorithms in thermostat  11 . Thermostat  11  may be used to control the temperature and humidity in the controlled space using heating and cooling equipment. The equipment may be conventional with up to three stages of heating and four stages of cooling, or it may be heat pump with up to two compressor stages and two stages of auxiliary heat. In addition economizer options and analog control options are available with some sub-bases. The control algorithm may be customized for various applications using keyboard and display or an external personal digital assistant (e.g., PDA  12 ). 
   In the factory test phase, the device may cooperate with the factory tester to test the hardware inputs, outputs, keyboard  45 , display  38 , and associated equipment. The hardware of thermostat  11  may include certain significant components. Thermostat  11  may use a Texas Instruments Inc. MSP  430  family microprocessor. Processor  61  may contain on chip flash program memory, flash information memory, RAM, microprocessor oscillator, real time clock oscillator (external crystal), timers for real time clock, timers for operating system and pulse width modulation (analog output), digital IO  58  ports for relays/inputs/keyboard scanning, 12 bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC)  59  with an input multiplexer, and an LCD display  38  driver. 
   The microprocessor  61  port pins may be connected to: keyboard  45  rows (inputs) and columns (outputs); an LCD display  38 ; eight analog input circuits (one on thermostat  11  and up to seven connected via sub-base  14 ); one digital input for remote wall module bypass button—connected via sub-base  14 ; one digital input for occupancy sensor—connected via sub-base  14 ; transistorized relay drivers (four on thermostat  11  and up to four on sub-base  14 ); a low pass filter to convert pulse width modulation into analog output voltage (up to two on sub-base  14 ); one digital output for bypass LED on remote wall module—connected via sub-base  14 ; one digital output to put the power supply into relay power saving mode; a serial input, output, and handshake input used to connected to the personal digital assistant  12 , sub-base  14  communications system, factory tester, or tcomm (a specialty development tool); a 32,768 KHz crystal; three volt power derived from a higher voltage power supply (the three volt supply may use a super-capacitor to keep the circuit alive for 48 hours or more after mains power failure); an on chip low voltage detect circuit which may be connected to the mains side of the higher voltage power supply (a detection of low voltage may cause microprocessor  61  to enter a low power mode. 
   The context diagram of  FIG. 22  illustrates the various processes in thermostat  11 . There may be two kinds of tasks: 1) interrupt driven; and 2) operating system driven. The interrupt driven tasks may run when a hardware interrupt calls them. Interrupts do not interrupt interrupts. The operating system tasks may run periodically when an operating system  121  calls them. When no tasks are being performed, operating system  121  may run in an endless loop. The tasks may communicate with one another through shared RAM variables. The memory in this illustration may be regarded as RAM, unless otherwise specified. The code may be written in the C language except that some critical routines or utilities may be written in assembler. 
   Operating system  121  may have an outgoing hardware connection  122  to hardware initialization. One may note a key of symbols for  FIG. 22 . A double line block may represent a main( ) system such as operating system  121 . A single solid line block may represent a periodic task (time), a dot-and-dash line block may represent an interrupt task, two horizontal parallel line symbol may represent a memory, a single line with an arrow or arrows at at least one end may represent an internal data path and a double line with an arrow at at least one end may represent a hardware connection. There may be a two-way internal data path connection  123  from system  121  to opSys flags memory  124 . From a low raw filter voltage detector may be an inward hardware connection  125  and a low mains detect interrupt task  126 . Task  126  may have an internal path connection  127  to opSys flags memory  124 . A system clock tick interrupt task  128  may have an output to opSys flags memory  124  via internal data path  129 . A RealTimeClk and Vcc fail/recover interrupt task  131  may have an incoming hardware connection  132  from a low raw filter voltage detector and Vcc supervisor. Interrupt task  131  may have a two-way internal data path connection  133  with opSys flags  124 . From interrupt task  131  may be an internal data path connection  134  to RealTimeClock memory  135 , which may be connected to a clock (periodic task)  136  via a two-way data path  137 . Clock  136  may be connected to a central share memory  130  via a two-way data path  138 . Calculate Occ and SetPoint periodic task  254  may be connected to share memory  130  via two-way path  267 . Share memory  130  may be connected to communications periodic task block  140  via a two-way path  139 . 
   Communications task  140  may be connected to realTimeClock  135  via a two-way data path  141 . Output from communications task  140  may go to a second buffer memory  142  via a one-way data path  143 . The output from send buffer  142  may go to send character interrupt task  144  via a two-way data path  145 . Task  144  may have an incoming handshake hardware connection  146  so as to indicate when character data may be transmitted out via a TX hardware connection  147 . Character information may be received via RX hardware connection  148  to receive character interrupt task  150 . This information may go to a receive buffer memory  151  via a one-way data path  149 . The information may then go to communications periodic task block  140  via a one-way data path  152 . From communications task  140 , the received information may go to share memory  130  via data path  139 . 
   ID interface periodic task  153  may receive digital inputs via a hardware connection  154 . An output from IO interface  153  may go to share memory  130  via a one-way data path  155 . An output from share  130  may go to map outputs periodic task block  156  via a data path  157 . Map outputs task  156  may output on a hardware connection  158  PWM outputs and relay outputs. Also, an output from map outputs task  156  may go to a digital IO memory  160  via a data path  159 . Such output may go to IO interface task  153  via a two-way data path  161 . IO interface  153  may provide relay outputs and remote LED signals on an outgoing hardware connection  162 . 
   Input from analog sensors may go to an analog periodic task block  164  via a hardware connection  163 . Analog task  164  may be connected to share memory  130  via a two-way connection  165 . A control algorithm periodic task block  166  is connected to share memory  130  via a two-way data path  167 . A schedule period task  168  is connected to share memory  130  via a two-way data path connection  169 . Information flash management periodic task  170  may be connected by a two-way data path  171  to share memory  130 . A configParam(info) memory  172  may be connected via a two-way data path  173  to information flash management periodic task  170 . A usersched(info) memory  174  may be connected via a two-way data path  175  to information flash management task  170 . Defaults(code) memory  176  may be connected to information flash management task  170  via a one-way data path  177 . 
   A display periodic task block  178  may be connected to share memory  130  via a data path  179 . A keyscan memory  180  may be connected to display task  178  via a one-way data path  181  towards display task  178 . A keyboard scanner interrupt task  182  may be connected to keyscan memory  180  via data path  183  in a direction towards keyscan memory  180 . Keyboard scanner  182  may be connected to keyboard  45  via a two-way hardware connection  184 . Display periodic task  178  may be connected to a display memory  186  via a one-way data path towards display memory  186 . The latter may be connected to liquid crystal display  38  via hardware connection  187 . 
     FIG. 23  shows further detail of the “transmit-out” portion of the system in  FIG. 22 . Send buffer memory  142  may be connected to send character interrupt task block  188  via a one-way data path  189  towards send character task  188 . Task  188  may send out character information via hardware connection  147 . Handshake related information may be received by send character task  188  via hardware connection  146 . Connection  146  also may go to handshake interrupt task  190 . Handshake interrupt task  190  is connected to send buffer memory  142  via a one-way data path  191  towards send buffer  142 . Data paths  189  and  191  may be represented by data path  145 , and the send character task  188  and handshake interrupt task  190  may be represented by send character interrupt task  144  in  FIG. 22 . Further, realTimeClock task  135  may have a broader label of “other variables” as the clock may be one of the variables. 
   The tables below summarize the usage of the relays for each sub-base type and the type of equipment controlled (conventional or heat pump). The modulating output sub-base has two analog outputs in addition to relays. The sub-base type is detected by measuring the voltage set by resistor values on the sub-base. The following table shows the features for conventional equipment of an air management system. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 32 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Output 
                 
                 
                 
                 
             
             
               (internal 
               Sub-base1 
               Sub-base2 
               Sub-base3 
               Sub-baseMod 
             
             
               designation) 
               Use As 
               Use As 
               Use As 
               Use As 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Fan 
               Fan 
               Fan 
               Fan 
               Fan 
             
             
               Heat1 
               Heat 1 
               Heat 1 
               Heat 1 
               Heat 1 
             
             
               Cool1 
               Cool 1 
               Cool 1 
               Cool 1 
               Cool 1 
             
             
               Aux 
               Aux or Heat 2 or 
               Aux or Heat3 or 
               Aux or Heat3 or 
               Aux or Heat 2 or 
             
             
                 
               Cool2 
               Cool3 
               Cool3 
               Cool2 
             
             
                 
               (note 1 and 2) 
               (note 1 and 2) 
               (note 1 and 2) 
               (note 1 and 2) 
             
             
               Heat2 
               n/a 
               Heat2 
               Heat2 
               n/a 
             
             
               Cool2 
               n/a 
               Cool2 
               Cool2 
               n/a 
             
             
               Heat3 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               Heat3/Cool4 
               n/a 
             
             
               Cool3 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               Cool3 
               n/a 
             
             
               ModHeat 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               Modulating Heat 
             
             
               ModCool 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               n/a 
               Modulating Cool 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   The designation “n/a” means that the item may not be available for that sub-base configuration. The aux (auxiliary) relay normal function may be one of the following: time of day occupancy signal, economizer enable, dehumidifier hot gas, and simple dehumidification. An additional stage of heating or cooling may be configured using the aux relay. 
   There may be two analog outputs available when Sub-baseMod is used with the thermostat. Microcontroller internal timers may be used to generate a pulse width modulation output. A low pass filter on the sub-base may convert the pulse width modulated outputs to analog current. By connecting an appropriate value resistor, the output may be converted to voltage output. The cycle time may be set at 8 MHz/200 counts (i.e., the frequency is 40 KHz and each counter pulse is 25 microseconds). The duty cycle may be set between 0 and 100 percent. There may be 200 steps in the 0 to 100 percent control range. 
   Thermostat  11  may communicate with an external device such as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), factory tester, PC based development tool, or an optional communicating sub-base. The sub-base in turn communicates with other devices via a digital data network. There may be a software interface between the thermostat and the external device, and the sub-base, including the protocol, and the data structures. There may be an external device and the communicating sub-base connected at the same time. It is not necessary to communicate directly between the sub-base and the external device. There may be a need to coordinate the communications flow from sub-base to thermostat and from external device to the thermostat. The object of the interface may be to share information between the thermostat and the external device (e.g., PDA) or between the thermostat and a communicating sub-base using a simple low cost protocol. 
   Communications between the sub-base or external device, and the thermostat may be via an asynchronous five wire connection. The connections between the external device and the thermostat may include an input to receive data (i.e., data flowing from the sub-base or external device to the thermostat), an output to transmit data (i.e., data flowing to the external device or sub-base from the thermostat), an input for handshake (i.e., used to tell the thermostat that it is acceptable to send data to the external device), a pass-through connection (i.e., an external service request which may be used by the PDA to request access to the receive data. The latter connection may be between the external device and the communicating sub-base and only passes through the thermostat. There may also be a circuit ground connection. 
   Information may be passed between the thermostat and the external device using asynchronous characters having one start bit, eight data bits, no parity bit and one stop bit. The start bit is a logic 0 input (i.e., 0 volts) at the common hardware interface. The stop bit is a “logic 1” input (i.e., 3 volts). 
   The baud rate may be 4800 baud. The maximum number of characters per message may be 11 characters. The limitation may be based on the fact that an entity that is exchanging information with the thermostat may not be able to process messages any larger than that at that rate. 
   The message format is shown below in table 33. The message may be 11 bytes long. The least significant bit of each byte is sent first. The “variable number” byte is the first byte sent and the “CheckSum” is the last byte sent. The same message format may be sent by the thermostat and the external device. The message length is fixed so that the external device will be most efficient on using processor time resources. The processor may become inefficient if the message length is not the same as the length of the message it is expecting. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 33 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               Variable nr 
               1 to 8 data bytes 
               0 to 7 fill bytes 
               CheckSum 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
     FIG. 23  shows the elements involved in providing communications with an external device. “Share” is a structure that may contain most of the thermostat global variables. Included in “share” may be configuration parameters, current status, and copies of inputs from the external device. “Share” may be broken into “variables” for transfer to/from an external device. In addition “other variables” may be included in the list of variables shared with the external device. 
   The receive buffer may contain room for four received messages, the number of buffers currently in use, a pointer to the buffer being used to receive characters, a pointer to the next location to store a received character, and the value of the partially calculated check sum. 
   The receive character interrupt routine may store characters into the receive buffer as they are received via the hardware UART one character at a time. A universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) controller may be the key component of the serial communications subsystem of the processor. The UART may take bytes of data and transmit the individual bits in a sequential fashion. At the destination, a second UART may re-assemble the bits into complete bytes. The receive character also may detect the start of the message using the gaps between messages, calculate the checksum, update buffer pointer and count when a valid message is received. If the buffer is full, the receive character interrupt routine may ignore received messages. 
   The send buffer may contain room for four received messages, the number of buffers currently in use, a pointer to the buffer being used to send characters, a pointer to the next character to be sent, and the value of the partially calculated check sum. 
   The send character interrupt routine may send characters from the send buffer to the hardware UART one character at a time. It also may calculate the check sum to send, put in four character gaps between messages, and update buffer pointers as messages are completely sent. When the send buffer is empty, or the handshake line is not asserted at the end of a message, the send character interrupt routine may turn it self off. 
   The handshake interrupt routine may run when the handshake line becomes asserted. If the send UART is turned off and there is data in a buffer, asserting the handshake line causes the first character of a ready send buffer to be sent via the UART. 
   The communications task may run every 100 milliseconds and perform the following communication tasks. First, if there are any messages in the receive buffer, it may reset the communications timer. If there are any messages in the receive buffer, it may copy them to their destination in local RAM providing their class permits them to be copied. In 100 ms, it is possible to receive 3.2 messages. If there is any space in the send buffer, it may select the next variables to send to the external device and copy them to the send buffer until the send buffer is full. In 100 ms, it is possible to send 3.2 messages. Receiving selected variables may cause a failure detect timer to be restarted. If a failure detect timer times out, the variables may be reset to a default value. Failure detect timers may be intended to provide fail safe operation of selected functions. If an inUse signal is received with the re-programmer code, the communications task may turn off controlled equipment, save configuration parameters and user schedule in INFO flash memory, and call ProgramCodeFlash( ). 
   The alarmError signal may contain bits indicating that certain errors have been detected in the thermostat and may be viewed via the communication port. Table 34 shows the various alarm fields that may be used in testing and diagnostics. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 34 
             
             
                 
             
             
                 
                 
               What happens in the device on 
               Method of displaying 
             
             
               alarmError field 
               Meaning 
               error 
               error on the device 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               almUsrScdCkSum 
               User Schedule Check Sum Error. 
               Current schedule continues to be 
               Display will not allow the 
             
             
                 
               Calculated when the user tries to 
               used. 
               user to select “yes” to 
             
             
                 
               retrieve the user schedule 
                 
               retrieve the saved user 
             
             
                 
               0: User schedule was retrieved 
                 
               schedule. It will display 
             
             
                 
               successfully 
                 
               “no” when the user tries to 
             
             
                 
               1: User schedule was not retrieved 
                 
               change the selection to 
             
             
                 
               successfully 
                 
               “yes” 
             
             
               almCnfPrmCkSum 
               Configuration Parameter Check 
               Factory default configuration is 
               No display action 
             
             
                 
               Sum Error. Calculated when mains 
               being used. 
             
             
                 
               power is restored or upon a reset 
               almCnfPrmCkSum is set to zero 
             
             
                 
               0: Configuration Parameters were 
               when config1.installConfig is set to 
             
             
                 
               retrieved successfully from non- 
               one by the installer. 
             
             
                 
               volatile memory. 
             
             
                 
               1: Configuration Parameters were 
             
             
                 
               not retrieved successfully from non- 
             
             
                 
               volatile memory. The factory 
             
             
                 
               default configuration parameters are 
             
             
                 
               being used instead. 
             
             
               almSub-baseType 
               Sub-base type error. Read from the 
               Thermostat relays and analog 
               No display action 
             
             
                 
               sub-base resistive voltage divider in 
               outputs are turned off. 
             
             
                 
               the sub-base 
             
             
                 
               0: The sub-base is a valid sub-base 
             
             
                 
               type 
             
             
                 
               1: The sub-base is not a valid sub- 
             
             
                 
               base type 
             
             
               almIOConfig 
               Output configuration error. 
               In conventional mode, fan and only 
               No display action 
             
             
                 
               Considers sub-base type, heat 
               one stage of heating and cooling is 
             
             
                 
               pump/conventional application. 
               enabled. If modulating sub-base is 
             
             
                 
               maxCoolStgs, maxHeatStgs. 
               connected, modulation is activated. 
             
             
                 
               0: The outputs configuration is 
               In heat pump mode, fan and only 
             
             
                 
               consistent with the sub-base type 
               one compressor (heating or cooling) 
             
             
                 
               selected 
               is available. Auxiliary heat is not 
             
             
                 
               1: The number of outputs 
               available. Note: Modulating sub- 
             
             
                 
               configured exceeds the capability of 
               base is not supported (All outputs 
             
             
                 
               the sub-base to support them. 
               turned off) 
             
             
               errDischSensr 
               Discharge sensor out of range or 
               Discharge air temperature limiting 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               disconnected. 
               will not be done. 
               value. 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               errRemtSetPt 
               Remote wall module set point is out 
               Remote setpoint offset of zero (0) is 
               No display action. 
             
             
                 
               of range or disconnected. 
               used. 
             
             
                 
               0: Value is OK. 
             
             
                 
               1: Remote wall module set point is 
             
             
                 
               configured to function and is out of 
             
             
                 
               range or disconnected. 
             
             
               errNetOdSensr 
               Network Outdoor air sensor not 
               There is no heat/cool lockout. The 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               working. 
               minimum heat/cool recovery ramps 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
               are used. 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
               See Note 1. 
               See Note 1. 
             
             
                 
               but is not being updated by the 
             
             
                 
               network 
             
             
               errOdSensr 
               Remote Outdoor air sensor not 
               There is no heat/cool lockout. The 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               working. 
               minimum heat/cool recovery ramps 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
               are used. 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
               See Note 1. 
               See Note 1. 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               errNetHumSensr 
               Network Humidity sensor not 
               There is no humidity control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               working. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
                 
               but is not being updated by the 
             
             
                 
               network 
             
             
               errRemtHumSensr 
               Remote Humidity sensor not 
               There is no humidity control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               working. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               alarmError.errLoclHumSensr 
               Local Humidity sensor not working. 
               There is no humidity control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
               alarmError.errNetSpaceSensr 
               Network space temperature sensor 
               There is no temperature control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               not working. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
                 
               but is not being updated by the 
             
             
                 
               network 
             
             
               alarmError.errRemtSpaceSensr 
               Remote space temperature sensor 
               There is no temperature control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               not working. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               alarmError.errLoclSpaceSensr 
               Local space temperature sensor not 
               There is no temperature control. 
               Display shows “- - -” for the 
             
             
                 
               working. 
               See Note 2. 
               value if the sensor is 
             
             
                 
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
                 
               invalid. 
             
             
                 
               1: Sensor is configured to function 
                 
               See Note 2. 
             
             
                 
               and is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   If a network sensor is configured for use, but invalid, then the thermostat processor may look for a valid sensor on the remote terminals. If it is valid it may use the remote as the value. If the remote is also invalid, it may look at the local sensor. If it is valid it may use the local sensor as the value. If all of them are invalid, then “invalid” may be reported as the sensor value and the display will show “- - - ”. This allows the user to configure the network (or remote) as the primary sensor and have a backup in case the primary fails. If the network sensor is configured and is invalid, it may report an alarm error. If the remote sensor is configured and is invalid, it may report an alarm error. If the local sensor is configured and is invalid, it may report an alarm error. In other words if the configured sensor is invalid, then it may report an alarm error. 
   A factory test mode may be used to test the thermostat and a connected sub-base. Components tested in the factory test mode may include keys in the keypad (19 Keys), display segments, four relays on the thermostat board, up to four relays on the sub-base, one wall module LED driver, two Digital inputs (i.e., occupancy sensor and one wall module bypass push button switch), two analog outputs (plus up to two analog outputs on the sub-base where the modulating sub-base is required), eight analog inputs (i.e., the local space temperature on thermostat, the remote space temperature, the remote wall module set point control, the local humidity sensor on sub-base, the remote humidity sensor, the outdoor temperature sensor, the discharge air sensor, and the sub-base identifier), and the communications port (for data in, data out, and the handshake line). 
   The configuration parameters may be saved in INFO FLASH memory when mains power has failed. There may be verification that when mains power has been restored, the configuration is also restored as saved. This may test the circuitry that senses power failure and the power supply capacitor ability to supply power for a few milliseconds while INFO FLASH memory is being written. 
   The following may not necessarily be tested by the software. One item is the super capacitor ability to supply power to the device for the rated number of hours after mains power has failed. Clock frequency may be another. A general recommended approach to final factory test may be as follows. Lock thermostat with sub-base into test fixture. Apply power (24 volts AC—set voltage at low end of 24 VAC tolerance). The display should initially turn on all segments after mains power up. The test fixture may communicate with thermostat via communications port and puts it into the factory test mode. The test fixture may press the keys one at a time. Each key may cause certain actions (e.g., provide a LDC display pattern, turn on one relay, set the analog output to certain values, and so on). A vision system may watch the display and reject units having an invalid display. The test fixture may sense digital and analog outputs for proper operation. Simultaneously, the test fixture may connect various analog sensors to the analog inputs and monitors the sensed analog values via the communications port. Simultaneously the test fixture may turn on and off the various analog inputs and monitors the sensed digital states via the communications port. 
   One may turn off the power. After 5 seconds one may cycle the power back on. Then one may verify that, via the communications port, the configuration was read correctly from INFO FLASH memory into RAM upon power up. There is no need to enter factory test mode. The display should initially turn on all segments after mains power up. Turn off power and report success or failure. Remove thermostat from test fixture. There may be a separate test sequence or just one test sequence for each sub-base type. Also, one may test the outputs and inputs on the thermostat even if they are not present in the particular sub-base type being tested. 
   To read and view the state of the inputs, one may read the following variables via the communications port. The variables may be read in the normal operating mode or in the factory test mode. In the factory test mode, a filter is turned off so that the analog value changes more rapidly in the factory test mode. Table 35 shows the various variables and what the typical test values may be. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 35 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Variable 
               Reads 
               Typical Values 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               rawAnalogA.remoteHum 
               Remote Humidity 
               14880 when input is 10.00 volts 
             
             
               rawAnalogA.localHum 
               Local Humidity 
               5460 when input is 1.00 volts 
             
             
               rawAnalogA.odTemp 
               Outdoor Temperature 
               13124 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               3000 ohm resistor 
             
             
               rawAnalogA.discTemp 
               Discharge Air Temperature 
               3796 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               10,000 ohm resistor 
             
             
               rawAnalogB.remoteStPt 
               Remote Set point 
               11228 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               5500 ohm resistor 
             
             
               rawAnalogB.sub-baseSel 
               Sub-base Selection 
               8600 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               10200 ohm resistor 
             
             
               rawAnalogB.remoteSpaceTemp 
               Remote Space Temperature 
               3796 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               10,000 ohm resistor 
             
             
               rawAnalogB.localSpaceTemp 
               Local Space Temperature 
               3796 when input is connected to 
             
             
                 
                 
               10,000 ohm resistor 
             
             
               status1.occSensor 
               State of Occupancy Sensor 
               TRUE when occupancy sensor input is shorted 
             
             
                 
                 
               FALSE when occupancy sensor input is open 
             
             
               status1.bypassTime 
               State of Remote Bypass 
               Set to 180 minutes when the remote 
             
             
                 
                 
               bypass input is shorted to ground. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Decrements every minute when the 
             
             
                 
                 
               remote bypass input is open 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   To enter the factory test mode, one may set manMode.manualMode to FactoryTest. In the factory test mode the following may occur. The algorithmic control of the analog and digital outputs is turned off. Instead, the outputs are controlled by the internal factory test software. Every 15 seconds, manMode should be sent to the thermostat or the thermostat will return to Run mode. The LCD and display no longer function in the normal manner. Pressing a key pad button may cause the following action. The output and pattern do not change until another key is pressed. 
   One may verify that FLASH was written correctly upon mains power fail. When mains power fails, the configuration parameters and schedules are written to INFO FLASH memory as soon as the power failure is detected. The successful writing of INFO FLASH memory generally depends on the charge remaining in the filter capacitors and the super cap. 
   During the write process at power fail, the following items may occur. First, the check sum of the configuration parameters is calculated. Second: the FLASH is erased. Third, configuration parameters are copied into INFO FLASH memory, and finally, the check sum of the configuration parameters (including schedules) are written to INFO FLASH. Upon return of mains power, if the stored check sum and the calculated check sum agree, the configuration parameters are copied from INFO FLASH into operating RAM. If the calculated and stored check sums do not agree, then the factory default settings are copied into the operating RAM. Also, if they do not agree, alarmError.almCnfPrmCkSum is set to TRUE. 
   In the factory, when the device is first powered up, INFO FLASH will not have any useful information stored in it, so the calculated check sum will not agree with stored check sum, and alarmError.almCnfPrmCkSum will be set to TRUE. However, when the unit is powered down the first time, INFO FLASH may be written correctly (assuming the power supply is working correctly) and upon power up alarmError.almCnfPrmCkSum will be set to FALSE indicating a successful writing of INFO FLASH. The factory tester should check alarmError.almCnfPrmCkSum after powering the unit up the second time. 
   One may verify the microprocessor reset button. When the reset button is pressed, the microprocessor will restart itself and the display will temporarily turn on all its segments. Other side effects may include such things as time is lost, alarm bits reset, and all RAM status variables are reset to their default values until the processor updates them to their correct values. If the configuration or schedule has been changed, the changes will be lost. 
   The manual mode is intended for field use. When the thermostat is in manual mode, the equipment is controlled manually via the communications port. Algorithmic control of the equipment is turned off. The state of the eight relays is controlled individually. The modulated heat and cool outputs are controlled independently. Returning from factory test or manual mode to run mode causes a reset. 
   The error count variable, errCnt, applies to the diagnostics of the system. The errCnt.rxCkSumErrCnt may relate to receiving messages from the PDA, tcomm, or the sub-base. The message may include a check sum. Thermostat  11  may calculate the check sum and compare it with the check sum in the received message. The errCnt.rxCkSumErrCnt may be incremented every time the calculated check sum does not match the received checksum. Check sums may not match if the receiver receives a bit incorrectly or if the start of message at the receiver was received incorrectly. This count might be incremented once in a while but the rate should be low, such as one or two counts in a day. 
   The errCnt.rxBufferFullCnt relates to receiving messages from the PDA, tcomm, or the sub-base. There may be a receive buffer that has space for four received messages. Received messages may be received using interrupts and placed into the buffer. Once every 100 ms, the Comm. task may run, read the messages and clear the buffer. If a message is received and there is not enough space in the buffer for more messages, then the message may be lost and errCnt.rxBufferFullCnt may be incremented by one. The latter should always be zero. It takes about 25 ms to send one message. 
   The errCnt.wdtCnt may be incremented if the program starts over and the reason for the reset was a watchdog timer time out (i.e., the program was lost and the watchdog timer caused a reset). The errCnt.wdtCnt should always be zero. Failures may occur due to hardware problems (e.g., reading memory incorrectly) caused by electrical noise which is not very likely because memory is on the same chip as the processor. Failures may also occur due to a code that goes into an endless loop or a corrupted stack after a return from a subroutine call or the like. The watch dog timer may be “hit” once every 100 ms at the end of the tasks for each 100 ms time slot. 
   The errCnt.flashViolations may be incremented whenever there is a flash violation interrupt. Flash violation may occur if code is running from flash memory and tries to write the same flash memory module at the same time. The errCnt.flashViolations should always be zero. Flash writes may occur during re-programming, power down, and update of user schedule. 
   Each display state is listed in the following table 36. A description for each state and a table listing actions for each key press follows. In general, a change of display state occurs if a key is pressed or because no key has been pressed for a defined period of time and the information for the previous state is saved. Exceptions may be listed in the description for each state. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 36 
             
             
                 
             
             
               State 
               Keypress 
               Description 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               dsRunNormal 
               keyRun 
               Display 
             
             
               dsHeatOcc 
               keyHeatOcc 
               Set Occupied Heat Setpoint 
             
             
               dsCoolOcc 
               keyCoolOcc 
               Set Occupied Cool Setpoint 
             
             
               dsHeatNotOcc 
               keyHeatNotOcc 
               Set Not Occupied Heat Setpoint 
             
             
               dsCoolNotOcc 
               keyCoolNotOcc 
               Set Not Occupied Cool Setpoint 
             
             
               dsSetDay 
               keySetDay 
               Set Day of Week 
             
             
               dsSetTime 
               keySetTime 
               Set Time of Day 
             
             
               dsTempOcc 
               keyTempOcc 
               Set Temporary Occupied Override 
             
             
               dsTempNotOcc 
               keyTempNotOcc 
               Set Temporary Not Occupied number of days 
             
             
               dsSetSched 
               keySchedDay, keySchedOcc, or 
               Set Schedules 
             
             
                 
               keySchedNotOcc 
             
             
               dsSchedCopy 
               keySchedCopy 
               Copy schedule from one day to another 
             
             
               dsTempStpt 
               keyInfo, keyUp, or keyDown 
               Set Temporary Setpoint 
             
             
               dsInfo 
               keyInfo 
               Display Information screens 
             
             
               dsInstaller 
               keyRun and keySchedCopy 
               Set Installer configuration options 
             
             
               dsTestMode 
               keyRun, keySystem, and keyFan 
               Enter Test Mode (no delays of heating 
             
             
                 
                 
               and cooling stages) 
             
             
               dsGetFactorySched 
               keyRun and keySchedClear 
               Restore factory schedules from flash 
             
             
                 
                 
               memory to current schedules 
             
             
               dsGetUserSched 
               keyInfo and keySystem 
               Restore user defined schedules from 
             
             
                 
                 
               flash memory to current schedules 
             
             
               dsSaveUserSched 
               keyInfo and keySchedCopy 
               Save current schedules to user define 
             
             
                 
                 
               schedules in flash memory 
             
             
               dsFactoryConfig 
               keyRun and keySchedClear 
               Restore factory configuration 
             
             
               dsShowAll 
               Power up 
               Show all LCD segments for 2 seconds 
             
             
               dsShowLocked 
               — 
               Display ‘LOCKED’ or ‘MANMODE’ for 1 second 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   The test mode may be the dsTestMode. Pressing the combination key press (‘scheduled day’, ‘schedule occ’ and ‘scheduled unocc) for ‘Test Mode’ may allow the user to disable time delays between stages to minimize time to test the wiring and operation. The following information may be displayed: ‘Set’ segment—‘NO TEST’. 
   Pressing the Up and Down keys may toggle the selection between ‘IN TEST’ and ‘NO TEST’ and save to the variable share.sysMode.disabledelays. The ‘IN TEST’ will disable delays. ‘NO TEST’ is normal operation. After 10 minutes with no key pressed, the thermostat will change back to normal operation or ‘NO TEST’. The following is the test mode table for the dsTestMode. 
                               TABLE 37                       Keypress   Actions:                          keyNone   Increment NoKeyPressTimer. Change               state to dsRunNormal after 5 minutes.               Set share.sysMode.disableDelays to               ‘NO TEST’ after 10 minutes.           keyDown   Toggle share.sysMode.disableDelays               (‘IN TEST’ or ‘NO TEST’)           keyDown &amp; keyHold   N/A           keyInfo   Change state to dsInfo           keyUp   Toggle share.sysMode.disableDelays               (‘IN TEST’ or ‘NO TEST’)           keyUp &amp; keyHold   N/A           keyHeatOcc   Change state to dsHeatOcc           keyCoolOcc   Change state to dsCoolOcc           keyHeatNotOcc   Change state to dsHeatNotOcc           keyCoolNotOcc   Change state to dsCoolNotOcc           keySetDay   Change state to dsSetDay           keySetTime   Change state to dsSetTime           keyTempOcc   Change state to dsTempOcc           keyTempNotOcc   Change state to dsTempNotOcc           keySchedDay   Change state to dsSetSched               Initialize sbDisplayDay to current               day of week               Initialize sbDisplayEvent to event               Occupied 1           keySchedOcc   Change state to dsSetSched               Initialize sbDisplayDay to current               day of week               Initialize sbDisplayEvent to event               Occupied 1           keySchedNotOcc   Change state to dsSetSched               Initialize sbDisplayDay to current               day of week               Initialize sbDisplayEvent to event               Not Occupied 1           keySchedClear   N/A           keySchedCopy   N/A           keyRun   Change state to dsRunNormal.*           keyInstaller   Change state to dsInstaller.*           keySaveUserSched   Change state to dsSaveUserSched           keyGetUserSched   Change state to dsGetUserSched           keyGetFactorySched   Change state to dsGetFactorySched                       *One may set the share.status1.bypassTime and share.status1.daysLeftKeypadHoliday to 0.            
Thermostat  11  control algorithm may provide for control of various kinds of commercial HVAC equipment. More specifically it may be designed to control constant volume packaged roof top units used for single zone space temperature conditioning. A provision may also be provided to reduce humidity in the zone if it exceeds a high limit. Configuration parameters may allow for the control to be for single stage, multistage or modulating heating and cooling in conventional or heat pump units. The control is capable of automatically switching between heating and cooling as required if AUTO is selected as the run mode. The fan and an auxiliary output may also be controlled depending on configuration choices.
 
     FIG. 24  shows an algorithm module  200  overview. Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to timers and static variables memory  204  via a two-way data path  203 , and connected to a share.status 1,2,3, analog memory  206  via a two-way data path  205 . Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to a Cycler( ) function  208  via a one-way data path  207  towards Cycler( ) function  208 . Cycler( ) function  208  may be connected to timers and static variables via a two-way data path  209 . Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to a Set_outputs( ) function  210  via a one-way data path  211  towards Set_outputs( ) function  210 . Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to an Aux_pt( ) function  212  via a one-way data path  213  towards Aux_pt( ) function  212 . Share.status 1,2,3, analog memory  206  may be connected to Set_outputs( ) function  210  via a two-way data path  215 , and connected to Aux_pt( ) function  212  via a two-way data path  217 . 
   Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to TempControlInit( ) and TempControlOff( ) functions  216  via a one-way data path  221  towards functions  216 . Algrm( ) function  202  may be connected to an Auto_chng( ) function  218  via a one-way data path  223  towards function  218 . Share.config memory  220  may be connected to Algrm( ) function  202  via a one-way data path  225  towards function  202 . Share.config memory  220  may be connected to Cycler( ) function  208  with a one-way path  227  towards function  208 . Share.config memory  220  may be connected to Aux_pt( ) function  212  via a one-way data path  229  towards function  212 . Share.config memory  220  may be connected to Fan_Control( ) function  214  via a one-way data path  231  towards function  214 . 
   Share.setPts memory  222  may be connected to Auto_chng( ) function  218  via a one-way data path  233  towards function  218 . Share.setPts memory  222  may be connected to Cycler( ) function  208  via a data path  235  towards function  208 . 
   Cycler( ) function  208  may be connected to an ErrorCalc( ) function  224  via a one-way data path  237  towards function  224 . A Share.auxSetPts memory  226  may be connected to ErrorCalc( ) function  224  via a one-way data path  239  towards function  224 . ErrorCalc( ) function  224  may be connected to a Gain_Calc( ) function  226  via a one-way data path  239  towards function  226 . A Share.gainHeat and Share.gainCool memory  228  may be connected to Gain_Calc( ) function  226  via a one-data data path  243  towards function  226 . 
   Algrm( ) function  202  may be called every 10 seconds from the operating system task scheduler. It may read the commanded system mode and space temperature sensor input to arbitrate the effective run mode of thermostat  11 . Also, the configuration may be read to determine which control features to perform and the resultant “logical” control commands which are generated and written to the status RAM (random access memory) variables. The commands may be logical in that they generically list the run mode (heat or cool) and the number of stages of heat and cool that should be active. A separate function called from the task manager may be responsible for reading the logical control output commands from status RAM and driving the physical outputs appropriately based on sub-base type and output configuration. 
   Looking further at the Algrm( )  202  function overview, one may note that if the manual mode command is factory test or manual, or the manual mode command is run and the system mode command is system switch=off, or the space sensor is invalid, then the logical control outputs may be set to initialization values and no other action is taken. If the manual mode command is run and the system mode command is system switch=heat or cool, then Cycler( ) function  208  may be called with the effective mode set accordingly so that the proper set points may be used to calculate the space temperature error and its sign. If the manual mode command is run and the system mode command is system switch=auto, then Auto_chng( ) function  218  may be called to calculate the proper effective mode (heat or cool) and thus the proper set points before Cycler( ) function  208  is called. After Cycler( )  208  runs, then Set_outputs( ) function  210  may be called to take the Cycler( ) function  208  output and, based on the configuration, set the control status variables appropriately. Likewise, based on the configuration and the Cycler( ) function  208  output status, the Fan_Control( ) function  214  and the Aux_pt( ) function  212  may be called to set their logical output values per the control scheme selected. All the timers associated with the control algorithm may be kept in this function. These may be the four stage timers (one per possible stage), the interstage timer, the start-up fan delay timer and the dehumidify flag timer. When the disable delay (“test mode”) is selected, all of the control algorithm timers that delay action may be kept cleared. 
   Cycler( ) function  208  may be implemented in the control block diagram of  FIG. 25   a . An output  245  from a set point  230  may go to a junction  232 . An output  247  from a sensor  234  may go to junction  232 . Output  247  may be subtracted from output  245  at junction  232  to result in an error signal output (Err)  249  which may go to the inputs of a 
                       ″     ⁢   Kp   /   Ti     ⁢       ∫   0   t     ⁢       (   Err   )     ⁢     ⅆ     t   ″                 
function block  236 , a “Kp*Err” function block  238  and a “Kp*Td*(dErr/dt)” function block  240 . Outputs  251 ,  253  and  255  from function blocks  236 ,  238  and  240 , respectively, may be added at junction  242  to result in a total error (TotErr(%)) output  257  in terms of percentage. Output  257  may go to a modulating driver  244 .
 
   Output  257  may go also to an input of a temperature translation block  246 . Block  246  may convert the total error signal  257  from percent to a total error (TotErr(° F.)) output signal  259  in degrees Fahrenheit. Signal  259  may go to junction  248 . In junction  248 , a feedback signal  261  may be subtracted from signal  259  resulting in a cycler error (CycErr) signal  263  which may enter an input of a hysteretic switch block  250 . Block  250  may output a “stages on” signal  265 . Signal  265  may go to an anticipator function block  252 . Block  252  may output feedback signal  261 . 
   The temperature translation step may perform the function of TotErr(° F.)=TotErr(%)/100*AntAuth*stages. The purpose of temperature translation  246  may be to turn the PID (proportional integral differential) error in percent, which is used to drive modulating outputs if they are present, into PID error in degrees F. which is the classic input into the multistage Cycler. This error in degrees F. can now be added to the anticipator  252  accumulator, which is also tracked in degrees F. Now when the Cycler Error (CycErr)  263  which is the PID Error plus the anticipator  252  is fed into the hysteretic switch  250 , the classic cycling behavior of a thermostat may occur. Built into this conversion may be the selected anticipator authority (default of 4 degrees F. per stage). The cycle rate constants that are selected as part of the configuration are calculated for the default anticipator authority (4 degrees F. per stage) only. Under most circumstances the anticipator authority will not be changed, but under special circumstances changing the anticipator authority may result in different cycling rates than listed in the selections. 
   The anticipator function  252  may be Antic=Antic+(stgs*AntAuth−Antic)*(1−e −t/Tcph ). It may provide for automatic cycling by including a fictitious temperature error based on the current number of stages active as follows: stgs=current stages active set by the algorithm; AntAuth=anticipator authority (heat per stage in deg F.); T cph =time constant calculated to provide configured (cph) cycles per hr equipment cycling rate; and t=time between calls of the Cycler( ) function  208 . 
   Cycler( ) function  208  may call ErrorCalc( )  224  to obtain the total PID error in percent, which may be limited to +/−200%. It then may convert the percentage into degrees F. by dividing by 100 percent and multiplying by 4 degrees F. per configured stage. The total error in degrees F. may then be combined with the standard anticipator  252  action before putting it through a multistage hysteretic relay  250  function which drives the stage logic. 
   In  FIG. 25   b , output  257  may also go to an input of a stager block  446 . Stager block  446  may convert and proportionally adjust the cycling rate for the digital stages, and control the number of stages requested based on the configuration of cycle rate, the number of stages configured, sensed temperature, time delay minimum time and total error. Output  465  of block  446  may provide a “stages on” signal for the individual heating and cooling stages. 
   Along with the hysteretic relay output and/or minimum on time, minimum off time and interstage delay times may also be enforced before a stage is added or subtracted from the stages active command that is the output of this function. This function also may set the status of the dehumidify flag (dehumidActive). It may use both a minimum on timer and a 5 percent hysteresis for turning off the flag once it is set. If the sensed humidity is above the programmed high limit the flag may be set. Only after the humidity is 5 percent below the high limit set point for the min on time will the flag be reset. The minimum on time may also be variable based on the occupancy mode when the high humidity set point reset strategy is configured. If the high humidity set point reset strategy is configured, and the current occupancy mode is unoccupied, the dehumidactive flag min on time may be 20 minutes; at all other times it may be set to 5 minutes. 
   The ErrorCalc( ) function  224  may call the Gain_calc( )  226  to convert the gain configuration parameters into the proper units and fixed point offset to be directly used in the PID error calculation. It then may calculate the base PID error as TotErr  257  in percent. This may be used to drive the modulating output if it is configured. The secondary function performed may be the discharge air limit function. If the discharge air limit function is active then if the discharge air is within 5 degrees F. of the limit the TotErr is reduced proportionally down to 0 as it approaches the limit. If the discharge temperature is over the limit, TotErr is set to 0, integration is stopped and a flag is set to enable Cycler( )  208  to turn off a stage and prevent other stages from coming on. 
   Thermostat  11  may communicate with an external device  56  and an optional communicating sub-base  14 . External device  56  could be a personal digital assistant (PDA)  12 , factory tester, or a PC-based development tool. Only one external device might be connected at a time. Sub-base  14  in turn may communicate with other devices via a digital data network. It may be possible to have an external device  56  and communicating sub-base  14  connected at the same time. There may be no need to communicate directly between sub-base  14  and external device  56 . There may be coordination of the communications flow from sub-base  14  to thermostat  11  and from external device  56  to thermostat  11 . 
   One object of the interface is to share information between thermostat  11  and the external device (PDA) or between thermostat  11  and a communicating sub-base  14  using a simple low cost protocol. Communications between sub-base  14  or external device  56 , and thermostat  11  may be typically via an asynchronous five wire connection.  FIGS. 26 and 27  reveal similar connections. The connections between external device  56  and thermostat  11  may include an input to receive data (i.e., data flowing from the sub-base or external device to the thermostat) on line  301 , an output to transmit data (i.e., data flowing to the external device or sub-base from the thermostat) on line  302 , an input to handshake (i.e., used to tell the thermostat that it is acceptable to send data to the external device) on line  303 , and a pass through connection for an external service request (i.e., used by the PDA to request access to the receive data) on line  304 . The latter connection may be between external device  56  and communicating sub-base  14 , and only pass through thermostat  11 . Another connection may be a circuit ground on line  305 . A 15 volt supply line  306  may be present. Lines  301 ,  302 ,  304  and  305  may be connected to external device  56  via a connector  310 . 
   Information may be passed between thermostat  14  and external device  56  using asynchronous characters having one start bit, eight data bits, no parity bit and one stop bit. The start bit is a logic 0 input (0 volts) at the common hardware interface. The stop bit is a “logic 1” input (3 volts). The baud rate may be 4800 baud. 
   Data may be sent in both directions at the same time (a full-duplex operation). Thermostat  11  may receive data at any time. There may be thermostat transmitter flow control via handshake circuit. Generally, data may be sent from thermostat  11  only when the handshake input is asserted. Communicating sub-base  14  may control the flow of data to it. External device  56  may send and receive at the same time. When external device  56  requests service by asserting an external service request, communicating sub-base  14  may assert a handshake line  303  so that the data may be sent continuously by thermostat  11 . If sub-base  14  is non-communicating, handshake line  303  may be asserted continuously, so that an external device  56  may send and receive data at the same time.  FIGS. 26 and 27  show a communicating sub-base  14  and a non-communicating sub-base which is blanked out to indication non-functionality. 
   Thermostat  11  may receive flow control via an external service request circuit line  304 . Either communicating sub-base  14  or external device  56  may send data to thermostat  11  at any time. However, both typically do not send data at the same time. The external service request circuit via line  304  may be used to select the active sender on the thermostat  11  receive circuit. 
   When the external service request is not asserted, communicating sub-base  14  may be allowed to communicate with thermostat  11  in both directions, using the handshake circuit via line  303  to control data flow from thermostat  11  to sub-base  14 . When external device  56  asserts external service request (using the RTS circuit on the external device&#39;s port) via line  304 , communicating sub-base  14  may be allowed to complete the message it is currently transmitting, before it asserts handshake line  303  and ceases communications with thermostat  11 . External device  56  then may communicate with thermostat  11  in both directions until external device  56  unasserts the external service request. Note that sub-base  14  typically does not listen to transmit data while external service request is asserted since handshake is also asserted. When sub-base  14  is a non-communicating sub-base, then external device  56  may still assert an external service request, and wait for at least one message time before sending on the thermostat  11  receive circuit via line  301 . 
   The handshake input to thermostat  11  microprocessor  61  may control whether or not thermostat  11  sends information to external device  56 . When sub-base  14  is a non-communicating sub-base, the handshake input may be pulled to “active” by a resistor on thermostat  11 . Thermostat  11  may send information continuously on TXD of line  302 , one message after another with the required gap between messages. When sub-base  14  is a communicating sub-base, the handshake input may be set to active by sub-base  14  whenever it is able to receive a message. Thermostat  11  may send information on TXD line  302  whenever the handshake input is active. 
   When a communicating sub-base  14  is connected, then sub-base  14  may periodically send the sub-base variable to thermostat  11 , with sub-base.connected=1. An external device  56  may never send sub-base  14  to thermostat  11 . This flag may let an external device  56  know that a communicating sub-base  14  is present. 
   The inUse (i.e., in use) variable may be used to indicate that an “inUse session” with an external device, a remote network tool or network work station is in progress. The inuse.by may also be used to initiate programming flash memory. An “inUse session” may involve any of the following: an external device (Palm Personal Digital Assistant)−inuse.by=2; a read/write thermostat configuration using a PDA; a read/write schedule using a PDA; a status report via a PDA (optional at the discretion of the PDA designer); and manual control via a PDA. 
   An “inUse session” may be started by either the external device or the communicating sub-base when the other device (i.e., a sub-base or external device) could interfere with a process begun by the first device. The external device may have priority over the sub-base. If a sub-base has initiated an “inUse session”, the external device may cancel the sub-base session and initiate its own session. If an external device has already established an “inUse session”, the sub-base (and its associated network tool) may not be allowed to start an “inUse session”. 
   The external device located next to the thermostat should have priority over a network tool that may be located in another room or even hundreds of miles away. Some related “inUse Session” scenarios may or may not involve some of the following examples. For instance, it may not be necessary for the external device to start an “inUse session” to just read any variables. It may not be necessary for the sub-base to start an “inUse session” just to read any variables or write sub-base, comSchedOcc, comTimeIn, sysMode, or comin. All of these variables may be either overhead variables (sub-base) or connected to some other network variables that may be bound to other devices. 
   It may be necessary for the external device to start an “inUse session” to read the varCONFIG variables, allow a user to modify them, write them to the thermostat, and then monitor their effects. That any time the PDA is connected to the thermostat, and the PDA is actively performing the Honeywell Palm software, it should start an “inUse session” and set manMode to 0. The external device may start an “inUse session” by writing inuse.by=2. Table 38 may provide more “inUse session details. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 38 
             
             
                 
             
             
               inUse.by 
               Meaning 
               Communicating sub-base 
               External Device 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               0 
               Not in an “inUse session” 
               May send any variables to the 
               Variables may not be sent to the 
             
             
                 
                 
               thermostat. 
               thermostat except for inUse. 
             
             
               1 
               The remote network is in an 
               May send any variables to the 
               Variables may not be sent to the 
             
             
                 
               “inUse session” with the 
               thermostat. 
               thermostat except for inUse. 
             
             
                 
               thermostat via the 
               Note: When nvilnUse (a network 
             
             
                 
               communicating sub-base 
               variable) is updated to non-zero by a 
             
             
                 
                 
               network tool, and inUse is 0, then the 
             
             
                 
                 
               sub-base writes, inUse.by = 1. 
             
             
               2 
               The external device (such as a 
               May send only varWRITE class 
               May send any variables to the 
             
             
                 
               PDA) is in an “inUse session” 
               variables to the thermostat (except 
               thermostat. 
             
             
                 
               with thermostat 
               manMode and inUse). 
             
             
                 
                 
               Note: The sub-base sets nvilnUse 
             
             
                 
                 
               (an e-bus mechanism variable) to 
             
             
                 
                 
               64129 when it sees that inUse.by is 
             
             
                 
                 
               2 to prevent a network tool from 
             
             
                 
                 
               attempting to put the thermostat into 
             
             
                 
                 
               manual mode or commission the 
             
             
                 
                 
               device. 
             
             
               3 
               The flash programmer is 
               When the external device is the re- 
               External device uses the re- 
             
             
                 
               requesting to re-program the 
               programmer, the sub-base may not 
               programmer protocol to down load 
             
             
                 
               thermostat firmware 
               send or receive any thing. 
               the memory image. 
             
             
                 
                 
               The sub-base may re-program the 
               When the sub-base is 
             
             
                 
                 
               thermostat using the re-programmer 
               reprogramming the thermostat, 
             
             
                 
                 
               protocol. 
               the external device should be 
             
             
                 
                 
                 
               disconnected or disabled. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   Table 39 provides variable information relating to the alarm error system. 
   
     
       
         
             
             
           
             
               TABLE 39 
             
             
                 
             
             
               Variable Description and Notes 
               VarNamefields.txt 
             
             
                 
             
           
          
             
               User Schedule Check Sum Error. 
               alarmError.almUsrScdCkSum 
             
             
               Calculated when the user tries to 
             
             
               retrieve the user schedule 
             
             
               0: User schedule was retrieved 
             
             
               successfully 
             
             
               1: User schedule was not retrieved 
             
             
               successfully 
             
             
               Configuration Parameter Check Sum 
               alarmError.almCnfPrmCkSum 
             
             
               Error. Calculated when mains power 
             
             
               is restored or upon a reset 
             
             
               0: Configuration Parameters were 
             
             
               retrieved successfully from 
             
             
               non-volatile memory. 
             
             
               1: Configuration Parameters were 
             
             
               not retrieved successfully from 
             
             
               non-volatile memory. The factory 
             
             
               default configuration parameters 
             
             
               are being used instead. 
             
             
               Sub-base type error. Read from 
               alarmError.almSub-baseType 
             
             
               the sub-base resistive voltage 
             
             
               divider in the sub-base 
             
             
               0: The sub-base is a valid 
             
             
               sub-base type 
             
             
               1: The sub-base is not a valid 
             
             
               sub-base type 
             
             
               Output configuration error. 
               alarmError.almIOConfig 
             
             
               Considers sub-base type, heat 
             
             
               pump/conventional application. 
             
             
               maxCoolStgs, maxHeatStgs. 
             
             
               0: The outputs configuration is 
             
             
               consistent with the sub-base type 
             
             
               selected 
             
             
               1: The number of outputs 
             
             
               configured exceeds the capability 
             
             
               of the sub-base to support them. 
             
             
               Discharge sensor out of range or 
               alarmError.errDischSensr 
             
             
               disconnected. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and is out of range or 
             
             
               disconnected. 
             
             
               Remote wall module set point is 
               alarmError.errRemtSetPt 
             
             
               out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               0: Value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Remote wall module set point is 
             
             
               configured to function and is out 
             
             
               of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               Network Outdoor air sensor not 
               alarmError.errNetOdSensr 
             
             
               working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function but is not being updated 
             
             
               by the network 
             
             
               Remote Outdoor air sensor not 
               alarmError.errOdSensr 
             
             
               working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and 
             
             
               is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               Network Humidity sensor not 
               alarmError.errNetHumSensr 
             
             
               working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function but is not being updated 
             
             
               by the network 
             
             
               Remote Humidity sensor not working. 
               alarmError.errRemtHumSensr 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and is out of range or 
             
             
               disconnected. 
             
             
               Local Humidity sensor not working. 
               alarmError.errLoclHumSensr 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and is out of range or 
             
             
               disconnected. 
             
             
               Network space temperature sensor 
               alarmError.errNetSpaceSensr 
             
             
               not working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function but is not being updated 
             
             
               by the network 
             
             
               Remote space temperature sensor 
               alarmError.errRemtSpaceSensr 
             
             
               not working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and 
             
             
               is out of range or disconnected. 
             
             
               Local space temperature sensor not 
               alarmError.errLoclSpaceSensr 
             
             
               working. 
             
             
               0: Sensor value is OK. 
             
             
               1: Sensor is configured to 
             
             
               function and is out of range or 
             
             
               disconnected. 
             
             
                 
             
          
         
       
     
   
   The thermostat configuration may be identified and then the commissioning process may be run through valid operational modes with inputs and set points temporarily manipulated while waiting for the delays built into the controller to verify operation. The PDA based Online Diagnostics may automatically discover the thermostat configuration, turn off normal controller delays, temporarily override sensor inputs and set points, verify proper output action including monitoring the discharge air temperature for the resulting temperature behavior based on the equipment stages activated. 
   Problems discovered may be reported, automatically recorded and the original operating parameters may be restored. This means that less expertise may be required by the technicians sent to install and trouble shoot thermostat installations To begin the commissioning startup, the user may tap on the commission button on a PDA screen as shown in  FIG. 28   a . The next screen may prompt the user to connect the PDA  12  serial port to thermostat  11 , as in  FIG. 28   b . Then the configuration tool (i.e., PDA  12 ) may upload the thermostat model and current configuration from the thermostat. A commission summary screen appears as revealed in  FIG. 28   c . This screen may appear after an analysis of the thermostat configuration. Navigation through the commissioning process by the user may be accomplished with the “Back” and “Next” buttons. The diagnostics may be executed in a logical order of sensors, fan/auxiliary process, cooling process and heating process. The status of each step of the diagnostics process may be reported as “OK”, “UnTested” or “Failed”. An error summary may report known problems (via thermostat diagnostic messages) and summarize all session related messages. 
   The “Next” button may navigate the user to the sensors screens shown in  FIGS. 29   a - 29   f . In  FIG. 29   a , the sensors screen may summarize the status of sensor/input diagnostics. Sensor data may be displayed in a context sensitive format using the actual thermostat model and configuration data to mask irrelevant sensor tests. Of the buttons on the screen, the “Update” button may update sensor data values, “Back” button may navigate to the previous screen, “Next” button may navigate to the “Fan” screen, and the “Test” button may initiates the automatic sensor diagnostics test sequence. 
   As a result of tapping the Test button on the sensors screen, one may get a reading testing the room temperature data value which may be confirmed or not by tapping the “Pass” or “Fail” button on the screen of  FIG. 29   b , respectively. As a result of tapping the “Testing Room Temp” Pass button, the diagnostics may move to the remote SetPoint test sequence, which begins with the screen in  FIG. 29   c . The user may tap the “OK” button after positioning the remote SetPoint knob to the full CCW position. As a result of tapping the Testing Remote SetPt OK button, the diagnostics tool may validate the Remote SetPt value at full CCW, as indicated in the screen of  FIG. 29   d . Then one may be instructed to position the remote SetPoint knob to the full CW position. As result of tapping the Testing Remote SetPt OK button, the diagnostics tool may validate the Remote SetPt value at full CW. Then the user may tap the OK button in the screen of  FIG. 29   e  to proceed with remaining sensor diagnostics. In a similar fashion, all of the sensor inputs may be validated. At the end of the sensor diagnostics sequence, configuration tool  12  may indicate the status of all relevant (hardware model and user configuration) sensors, as in the screen of  FIG. 29   f . All Error messages may be recorded on the diagnostics summary screen. 
   The user may tap the Next button to navigate to the Fan/Auxiliary screen of  FIG. 30 . The Fan/Auxiliary Equipment screen may summarize the status of the Fan/Aux output diagnostics. Output data may be displayed in a context sensitive format using the actual thermostat model and configuration data to mask irrelevant output tests. Tapping the Update button may update the data values. The Back button may navigate the user to the previous screen. The Test button may initiate the automatic Fan/Aux diagnostics test sequence. The Next button may navigate the user to the first cooling screen in  FIG. 31   a.    
   The Cooling Equipment screen may summarize the status of the cooling output diagnostics. Output data may be displayed in a context sensitive format using the actual thermostat model and configuration data to mask irrelevant output tests. In this screen the Update button may update data values, the Back button may navigate to the previous screen, the test button may initiate the automatic Cooling diagnostics test sequence. The Next button may navigate the user to the Heating screen. In  FIG. 31   b , the screen asks whether it is safe to start the fan. And if so, then the Yes button may be tapped and a screen of  FIG. 31   c  may appear. The user may tap the Test button on this screen and confirm that the fan is running by tapping the Pass button. The next screen to appear may be that of  FIG. 31   d , asking if it is safe to start the cooling stages. The user may tap “Yes” to confirm that it is safe to start the cooling stages. The screens of  FIGS. 31   e  and  31   f  may appear, respectively. Here, configuration tool  12  may collect and analyze data. The data collected may include the time interval on the progress line, the entry and discharge air temperatures over the time interval and the cooling coil delta temperature which may be the difference between the coil entering and discharge air temperatures. After this process, tool  12  may validate the cooling stage under test as in the screen of  FIG. 31   g . All of the remaining stages may be likewise checked out.  FIG. 31   h  shows a completion of the cooling equipment validation. 
   Tapping the Next button, one may get the Heating Equipment screen of  FIG. 32   a , which may begin with the check-out of the heating stage 1. The Heating Equipment screen may summarize the status of heating output diagnostics. Output data may be displayed in a context sensitive format using the actual thermostat model and configuration data to mask irrelevant output tests. On this screen, the Update button may update data values, the Back button may navigate the user to the previous screen, and the Next button may navigate to the summary screen. The Test button may initiate the automatic heating diagnostics test sequence, which may start with the screen in  FIG. 32   b . The user may tap “No” to indicate that fan airflow is not required for stage 1 heating. Such airflow may be typical for baseboard heat installations. The next screen may be that in  FIG. 32   c  asking whether it is safe to activate the heating stage contact. The user may tap “Yes” to confirm that activation. That heating stage may be turned on, which is indicated by the screen of  FIG. 32   d . After checking to see in the heating stage is actually on, the user may then tap “Pass” to validate the stage 1 heating. A screen of  FIG. 32   e  may next appear indicating that the heating tests have been completed. Wiring and connections between the controls and fan, heating, cooling, air flow process, interfaces and other items may be tested and validated. 
     FIG. 33  is a flow diagram of an illustrative diagnostic test sequence for a thermostat system. In block  351 , one may connect PDA  12  to thermostat  11  and upload the configuration identification as in block  352 . The normal controller delays may be turned off as in block  353 . Block  354  shows the sensor inputs and set points being overridden. Then the sensors may be tested and the set points checked in block  355 . The fan/auxiliary process may be tested in block  356 . The cooling process may be tested in block  357  and the heating process may be tested in block  358 . Then the noted failures, errors and dysfunctions of thermostat  11  may be displayed on PDA  12  as in block  359 . In block  360 , diagnostic solutions may be presented. 
   Here, as noted otherwise in the present description, one may remotely, via a personal digital assistant or computer, configure, commission, select, set or adjust the parameters and options of a control system, which may include, but not be limited to, temperatures, humidity, sensors, volume of air movement, fan or air mover behavior, the percentage of added fresh air, modulated and non-modulated control of valves and dampers, stages of cooling and heating at various zones, control of heat pumps, heaters and air conditioners, modes of occupied, unoccupied or standby of respective spaces in a building, for day and night, at selected times, on certain days, for specific buildings at particular locations. 
     FIG. 34  shows an interaction between a PDA (personal digital assistant)  361  and a configurable thermostat  362 . PDA  361  may download a thermostat  362  configuration via a short range wireless connection  363 , such as IR or RF. PDA  361  may configure thermostat  362  via a similar wireless connection  364 . Configuring may be for a controller or a parameter or parameters besides the thermostat  362 . 
   The wireless connections  363  and  364  may be Bluetooth. Bluetooth is a wireless communication link, operating in the unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHz using a frequency hopping transceiver. The link protocol is based on time slots. It allows real-time communications with other Bluetooth hosts attached to their Bluetooth units as well. A Bluetooth unit is a communications circuit for a short range wireless communication link. The unit provides for communications between Bluetooth hosts. The communication channel through the Bluetooth units provides almost wire-like transparency. 
   The wireless connections  363  and  364  may also incorporate a long distance RF connection. As an illustrative example,  FIG. 35  indicates that the downloading, configuring and/or uploading of a thermostat  362  may be done with a PDA at significant distances via an RF connection  365  and  366  such as SMS (Short Message Service) and a GSM (Global System for Messaging) mobile phone link or links. SMS may be used with an RF technology that might have a global range limited by GSM mobile phone communication links. Communications between PDA  361  and thermostat  362  may be via one or more relay towers  367 . Also, there may be “Wi-Fi” (short for “wireless fidelity”) for a high-frequency wireless local area network used between a PDA, a thermostat and/or another PDA. Email, the internet, and cable, including optical conveyance, may also be used for such communications. 
     FIG. 36  reveals that the downloading, configuring and/or uploading between the PDA  361  and thermostat  362  may be done with long distance wireless connections  371  and  372  via a satellite or satellites.  368  RF communications  371  and  372  between PDA  361  and thermostat  362  may be done with, as an illustrative example, SMS and GSM mobile phone link or links. 
   Communications and links between the PDA  361  and thermostat  362  may be a combination of wireless connections  363 ,  364 ,  365 ,  366 ,  371  and/or  372  directly and/or via land based stations or relay towers  367  and/or satellites  368 . 
     FIG. 37  reveals wireless communications  375 ,  376  and  377  between PDA  361  and other devices such as, for example, PDAs  373  and  374 . For instance, PDA  361  may have a customized configuration for thermostat  362  to be transferred to PDAs  373  and  374 . The transfer or exchange may also be between PDA  361  and one other PDA or more than two PDAs via wireless connections  381 ,  383  and  384 . PDA  373  or  374  may communicate to the two remaining PDAs. The PDA  361  may exchange information with PDAs  373  and  374  via short range IR or Bluetooth, or long distance direct line-of-sight wireless communications, such as SMS with a GMS mobile phone link or links, via wireless connections  381 ,  383  and  384 . Transfer of information among configuration tools, such as PDAs, may be accomplished with non-line-of-sight wireless communication. Also, transfer of information among configuration tools, such as PDAs as examples, may be accomplished with non-wireless communication such as internet, the telephone, wire, cable and optical systems. Configuration tools may also be, for example, personal or laptop computers. 
   The various communications technologies may have certain properties. IR may be a line-of-sight communication for a PDA  361  to another PDA (e.g.,  373  or  374 ) or a thermostat  362 . The range of IR communications may be about 10 feet. Bluetooth is an RF technology with a range of about 30 feet without wall-obstructions. 
     FIG. 38  shows paths of long distance RF communications  381 ,  383  and  384  via a relay station or tower  367  between PDAs  361 ,  373  and  374 .  FIG. 39  reveals the long distance communications  381 ,  383  and  384  between PDAs  361 ,  373  and  374  via satellite  368 . Communications and/or links  381 ,  383  and  384  between PDAs  361 ,  373  and  374  may involve communication via land based stations or towers  367  and/or satellites  368 . Communication may be between PDA  361  and one other PDA or more than two PDAs. Direct communications or links between the PDAs may occur together with some communications being via one or more towers  367  and/or satellite  368 . 
   A commercial thermostat  362  may be configured using an autonomous PDA (personal digital assistant)  361  based configuration tool, or other like external device. A Honeywell™ T7350 thermostat may be an illustrative example, although other thermostats or controllers may be used. The thermostat  362  of  FIGS. 34-36  may be a generic programmable thermostat for illustrative purposes. It does not necessarily represent a T7350 thermostat. A field installation technician may develop specific thermostat customizations, which may be used for matching the many thermostat options to the HVAC equipment as well as the regional weather requirements and customer preferences. It may be desirable to share these specific thermostat customizations, which may be identified with a name or code, with other installation technicians wanting or needing to use the same thermostat configuration application on a different PDA (e.g., PDA  373  or  374 ). The technicians with the respective PDAs may be located at the same customer site or separate sites. Transfer of thermostat configuration and/or customization information may significantly facilitate diagnostics, calibration and repair as needed. 
   A wireless T7350 configuration record transfer may facilitate the exchange of thermostat customizations from a source PDA  361  to one or more recipient PDA devices (e.g.,  373  and  374 ) hosting the same thermostat configuration tool. Company distributors and thermostat installers may benefit from this exchange of information. The information exchange or transfer may be real time. One may pass information from one configuration tool to many tools. The present system may have the support of the local communications (e.g.,  375 ,  376  and  377  of  FIG. 37 ) as well as global communications (e.g.,  381 ,  383  and  384  of  FIGS. 38 and 39 ). The system may also may have the support of non-wireless (e.g., wire or optical fiber) based communication systems or networks. 
   Customer benefits may include increased productivity through sharing electronic copies of T7350 thermostat customizations, reuse of tested thermostat customizations, distributed regional customizations to multiple thermostat configuration tools, and distributed organizational customizations to multiple thermostat configuration tools (e.g., PDAs). 
   Security measures may be implemented so that there is no unauthorized transfer of configurations among devices external to the thermostat or controller, such as PDAs. Passwords, codes, firewalls, circuits and other items may be implemented to prevent the unauthorized transfer of configuration or other information among the PDAs or devices external to the thermostat or controller. Further, the transfer of information among the PDAs or devices, or between the later and the thermostat or controller may be restricted as needed or required. 
   A single archive of thermostat customizations may be obtained from multiple thermostat configuration tools. There may be support for local and global electronic wireless transfer of thermostat customizations. Local transfer may be facilitated by IR and Bluetooth wireless communications. Global transfer may be facilitated by SMS/GSM mobile phone telephony. There may be enhanced real-time technical support, including more extensive diagnostics. For instance, a field service technician may upload a problem thermostat customization and communicate to regional technical support. Regional technical support may repair and download the thermostat customization to the thermostat configuration tool of the field service technician. Further, the thermostat or controller customizations may be transferred to a regional technical support PDA or other device for much more advanced diagnostics, and possible fixing and calibration. 
   The configuration information may be shared with other personal digital assistants in a wireless manner or a non-wireless manner. The enhanced diagnostics and repair may be achieved with the sending of configuration information from one PDA or computer to a PDA or computer at a specialized diagnostic and repair facility. New modifications and calibration may be provided for the configuration. Then, such configuration with added information, configured with the modifications, calibration, revisions and updates, among other useful things, may be sent back to the originating PDA or computer for the providing to the controller or thermostat. 
   There may be various usage scenarios. There may be a T7350 configuration tool record transfer from PDA  361  to PDA  373 . A user may launch a PDA  361  application of the T  7350  thermostat configuration. At an application launch, previously transferred configuration records may be installed in the T7350 configuration tool database. In the case of duplicate record names (an overwrite to an existing record), the user may be given the following options, “Yes”, “YesToAll”, “No”, “NoToAll”, as shown in  FIG. 40 . From the T7350 Configuration “File” Menu, the user may select “Beam” as shown in  FIG. 41 . 
   A dialog box may pop up with the text description “T7350 Config record PDA to PDA transfer” and buttons labeled, “All”, “Single”, “Cancel” as shown in  FIG. 42 . For beaming all records, the user may select the “All” records option and all of the configuration records may be transferred to the recipient PDA configuration database. For beaming a single record, the user may select “Single” and be presented with a subsequent dialog box with a list of configurations. The user may select a record (e.g., Customer Z) and then tap the button “Beam”, as shown in  FIG. 43 . 
   One may beam records directly using IR. If the sending PDA  361  supports IR only, as in  FIG. 43 , the application may immediately launch the IR discovery application and search out a recipient PDA for a transfer of the configuration records, as indicated in  FIG. 44 . If the sending PDA  361  supports IR, SMS, Bluetooth, WiFi, Email and Internet, then the user may be presented with a selection menu including “Beam”, “SMS”, “Bluetooth”, “WiFi”, “Email” and “Internet”, as shown in  FIG. 45 . The user may select “Beam” and tap the OK button. Then the IR discovery application may be launched and all of selected configuration records may be transferred to the recipient PDA. Other communication links or other information transports may be utilized such as internet, cable, ethernet, LAN, and so on. 
   One may also beam records directly using wireless Bluetooth. If the sending PDA  361  is configured with Bluetooth, then the user may be presented with a selection menu including “Beam” (i.e., IR), “SMS” and “Bluetooth”, and select the latter choice. 
   One may note that the designated PDA (e.g., PDA  373  or  374 ), which is an intended recipient of Bluetooth transmissions, must support Bluetooth. The user may select “Bluetooth” and tap the “OK” button, as available according to  FIG. 45 . Then the Bluetooth discovery application may be automatically launched. All selected records may be transferred using Bluetooth media. 
   One may also beam records using SMS. If the sending PDA  361  supports SMS and the PDA is connected to or integrated with a GSM mobile phone, then the user may be presented with a selection menu including “Beam” (this means IR), “Bluetooth”, and “SMS”, as in  FIG. 45 . One may note that the receiving PDA (e.g., PDA  373  or  374  in  FIG. 38  or  39 ) may support SMS and be connected to or integrated with a GSM mobile phone. For example, the user may select “SMS” and tap the “OK” button. Then the user may get another screen with a “Lookup” button, as shown in  FIG. 46 . The user may tap the “Lookup” button after selecting a name associated with a particular configuration. A screen, as shown in  FIG. 47 , may come up and the user may select a name, such as “Tech#2” with a corresponding mobile phone number, and tap the “Add” button. In response, a screen as in  FIG. 48  may appear with the selected number and the user may tap the “Send” button and all of the selected records may be transferred using the dialup SMS messaging over a GSM mobile phone link. 
   Although the invention has been described with respect to at least one illustrative embodiment, many variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification. It is therefore the intention that the appended claims be interpreted as broadly as possible in view of the prior art to include all such variations and modifications.