Patent Publication Number: US-2015076917-A1

Title: Wireless power supply for logistic services

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present disclosure is related to U.S. Non-Provisional Patent application Ser. No. 13/891,430 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Methodology For Pocket-forming”; Ser. No. 13/925,469 filed Jun. 24, 2013, entitled “Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming”; Ser. No. 13/946,082 filed. Jul. 19, 2013, entitled “Method for 3 Dimensional Pocket-forming”; Ser. No. 13/891,399 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Receivers for Wireless Power Transmission” and Ser. No. 13/891,445 filed May 10, 2013, entitled “Transmitters For Wireless Power Transmission”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by these references. 
    
    
     FIELD OF INVENTION 
     The present disclosure relates to electronic transmitters and more particularly to transmitters for wireless power transmission in logistic. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Electronic devices used for logistic services such as, laptop computers, phones, radios, GPS, tablets and so forth may require power for performing their intended functions. This may require having to charge electronic equipment at least once a day, or in high-demand electronic devices more than once a day. Such an activity may be difficult while logistic operations may require moving away from the delivery vehicle, stocks and warehouses. In addition, logistic personnel may have to find available power sources to connect to. Lastly, logistic personnel may deploy wires in order to be able to charge his or her electronic devices. However, such an activity may render electronic devices inoperable during charging. Current solutions to this problem may include inductive pads which may employ magnetic induction or resonating coils. Nevertheless, such a solution may still require that electronic devices may have to be placed in a specific place for powering. Thus, electronic devices during charging may not be portable. For the foregoing reasons, there is a need for a wireless power transmission system where electronic devices may be powered without requiring extra chargers or plugs, and where the mobility and portability of electronic devices may not be compromised. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present disclosure provides wireless charging methods and systems for powering or charging electronic devices used in logistic services. The method may include a type of transmitter which may be employed for sending Radio frequency (RF) signals to electronic devices, such as laptop computers, phones, radios, GPS, tablets and the like. Electronic devices may also include a type of receiver embedded or attached to it for converting RF signals into suitable electricity for powering and charging themselves. The technique employed may be known as pocket-forming and may be incorporated here by reference. 
     A transmitter including at least two antenna elements may generate RF signals through the use of one or more Radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) which may be managed by one or more microcontrollers. Transmitters may receive power from a power source, which may provide enough electricity for a subsequent conversion to RF signal. 
     According to an embodiment, the transmitter may be located within or outside a delivery vehicle. Transmitter may be powered by a conventional power source such as, diesel plant, photovoltaic cells, turbines and the like. Transmitter in the vehicle may provide a power source for a variety of electronic devices used for delivery services, which may be operated by delivery personnel and may increase operational range of the personnel because the wireless power transmission. 
     According to an embodiment, the transmitter may be located in a warehouse. Transmitter may be powered by a conventional power source such as, diesel plant, photovoltaic cells, turbines and the like. Transmitter may provide a power source for a variety of electronic devices used for logistic services, which may be operated by logistic personnel and may increase operational range of the personnel because the wireless power transmission. 
     Transmitter arrangements provided in the present disclosure, as well as possible implementation schemes may provide wireless power transmission while eliminating the use of wires or pads for charging devices which may require tedious procedures such as plugging to a wall, and may turn devices unusable during charging. In addition, electronic equipment may require less components as typical wall chargers may not be required. In some cases, even batteries may be eliminated as a device may fully be powered wirelessly. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures which are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Unless indicated as representing the background art, the figures represent aspects of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a wireless power transmission example situation using pocket-forming in accordance with the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a component level embodiment for a transmitter of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a transmitter arrangement where a delivery vehicle has a transmitter integrated in a side wall of the vehicle. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a wireless power transmission arrangement where a transmitter is located in a warehouse. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Definitions 
     “Pocket-forming” may refer to generating two or more RF waves which converge in 3-d space, forming controlled constructive and destructive interference patterns. 
     “Pockets of energy” may refer to areas or regions of space where energy or power may accumulate in the form of constructive interference patterns of RF waves. 
     “Null-space” may refer to areas or regions of space where pockets of energy do not form because of destructive interference patterns of RF waves. 
     “Transmitter” may refer to a device, including a chip which may generate two or more RF signals, at least one RF signal being phase shifted and gain adjusted with respect to other RF signals, substantially all of which pass through one or more RF antenna such that focused RF signals are directed to a target. 
     “Receiver” may refer to a device including at least one antenna element, at least one rectifying circuit and at least one power converter, which may utilize pockets of energy for powering, or charging an electronic device. 
     “Adaptive pocket-forming” may refer to dynamically adjusting pocket-forming to regulate power on one or more targeted receivers. 
     Description Of The Drawings 
     In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, which may not be to scale or to proportion, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings and claims, are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and/or and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates wireless power transmission  100  using pocket-forming. A transmitter  102  may transmit controlled Radio (RIF) waves  104  which may converge in 3-d space. These RF waves  104  may be controlled through phase and/or relative amplitude adjustments to form constructive and destructive interference patterns (pocket-forming). Pockets of energy  108  may be formed at constructive interference patterns and can be 3-dimensional in shape whereas null-spaces may be generated at destructive interference patterns. A receiver  106  may then utilize pockets of energy  108  produced by pocket-forming for charging or powering an electronic device, for example a laptop computer  110  and thus effectively providing wireless power transmission  100 . In other situations there can be multiple transmitters  102  and/or multiple receivers  106  for powering various electronic equipment for example smartphones, tablets, music players, toys and others at the same time. In other embodiments, adaptive pocket-forming may be used to regulate power on electronic devices. 
       FIG. 2  depicts a basic block diagram of a transmitter  200  which may be utilized for wireless power transmission  100 . Such transmitter  200  may include one or more antenna elements  202 , one or more Radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)  204 , one or more microcontroller  206 , a communication component  208 , a power source  210  and a housing  212 , which may allocate all the requested components for transmitter  200 . Components in transmitter  200  may be manufactured using meta-materials, micro-printing of circuits, nano-materials, and the like. 
     Transmitter  200  may be responsible for the pocket-forming, adaptive pocket-forming and multiple pocket-forming through the use of the components mentioned in the foregoing paragraph. Transmitter  200  may send wireless power transmission  100  to one or more receivers  106  in form of radio signals, such signals may include any radio signal with any frequency or wavelength. 
     Antenna elements  202  may include flat antenna elements  202 , patch antenna elements  202 , dipole antenna elements  202  and any suitable antenna for wireless power transmission  100 . Suitable antenna types may include, for example, patch antennas with heights from about 1/24  inches to about 1 inch and widths from about 1/24  inches to about 1 inch, Shape and orientation of antenna elements  202  may vary in dependency of the desired features of transmitter  200 , orientation may be flat in X, Y, and Z axis, as well as various orientation types and combinations in three dimensional arrangements. Antenna elements  202  materials may include any suitable material that may allow Radio signal transmission with high efficiency, good heat dissipation and the like. Number of antenna elements  202  may vary in relation with the desired range and power transmission capability on transmitter  200 , the more antenna elements  202 , the wider range and higher power transmission capability. 
     Antenna elements  202  may include suitable antenna types for operating in frequency bands such as 900 MHz, 2.5 GHz or 5.8 GHz as these frequency bands conform to Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations part 18 (Industrial, Scientific and Medical equipment), Antenna elements  202  may operate in independent frequencies, allowing a multichannel operation of pocket-forming. 
     In addition, antenna elements  202  may have at least one polarization or a selection of polarizations. Such polarization may include vertical pole, horizontal pole, circularly polarized, left hand polarized, right hand polarized, or a combination of polarizations. The selection of polarizations may vary in dependency of transmitter  200  characteristics. In addition, antenna elements  202  may be located in various surfaces of transmitter  200 . 
     Antenna elements  202  may operate in single array, pair array, quad array and any other suitable arrangement, which may be designed in accordance with the desired application. 
     RFIC  204  may include a plurality of RF circuits which may include digital and/or analog components, such as, amplifiers, capacitors, oscillators, piezoelectric crystals and the like. RFIC  204  may control features of antenna elements  202 , such as gain and/or phase for pocket-forming and manage it through direction, power level, and the like. The phase and the amplitude of pocket-forming in each antenna elements  202  may be regulated by the corresponding RFIC  204  in order to generate the desired pocket forming and null steering. In addition RFIC  204  may be connected to microcontroller  206 , which may include a digital signal processor (DSP), PIC-Class microprocessor, central processing unit, computer and the like. Microcontroller  206  may control a variety of features of RFIC  204  such as, time emission of pocket-forming, direction of the pocket-forming, bounce angle, power intensity and the like. Furthermore, microcontroller  206  may control multiple pocket-forming over multiple receivers  106  or over a single receiver  106 . Furthermore, transmitter  200  may allow distance discrimination of wireless power transmission  100 . 
     In addition, microcontroller  206  may manage and control communication protocols and signals by controlling communication component  208 . Microcontroller  206  may process information received by communication component  208  which may send and receive signals to and from a receiver  106  in order to track it and concentrate the pocket of energy  108  on it. In addition, other information may be transmitted from and to receiver  106 ; such information may include authentication protocols among others. Communication component  208  may include and combine Bluetooth technology, infrared communication, WI-FI, FM radio among others. Microcontroller  206  may determine optimum times and locations for pocket-forming, including the most efficient trajectory to transmit pocket forming in order to reduce losses because obstacles. Such trajectory may include direct pocket-forming, bouncing, and distance discrimination of pocket-forming. 
     Transmitter  200  may be fed by a power source  210  which may include AC or DC power supply. Voltage, power and current intensity provided by power source  210  may vary in dependency with the required power to be transmitted. Conversion of power to radio signal may be managed by microcontroller  206  and carried out by RFIC  204 , which may utilize a plurality of methods and components to produce radio signals in a wide variety of frequencies, wavelength, intensities and other features. As an exemplary use of a variety of methods and components for radio signal generation, oscillators and piezoelectric crystals may be used to create and change radio frequencies in different antenna elements  202 . In addition, a variety of filters may be used for smoothing signals as well as amplifiers for increasing power to be transmitted. 
     Transmitter  200  may emit pocket-forming with a power capability from few watts to over hundreds of watts. Each antenna may manage a certain power capacity. Such power capacity may be related with the application. 
     Antenna elements  202 , RFIC  204  and microcontrollers  206  may be connected in a plurality of arrangements and combinations, which may depend on the desired Characteristics of transmitter  200 . 
     Receiver  106  may communicate with transmitter  102  through short RF waves  104  or pilot signals sent through antenna elements  202 . In some embodiments, receiver  106  may include an optional communications device for communicating on standard wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi or Zigbee with transmitter  102 . In some embodiments, receiver  106  may be implemented externally to electronic devices in the form of cases, e.g. camera cases, phone cases and the like which may connect trough suitable and well known in the art techniques such as universal serial bus (USB). In other embodiments, receiver  106  may be embedded within electronic devices. 
       FIG. 3  shows wireless power transmission  300  where a transmitter  302  may be located on or within a delivery vehicle  304 , according to an embodiment. Delivery vehicle  304  may be a postal truck, a pizza truck, armored truck for bank services and the like. Transmitter  302  may use a diesel generator as power source  210 , other power sources  210  such as, alternator of vehicle  304 , photovoltaic cells and the like may be employed too. Transmitter  302  may generate and direct RF waves  104  towards the receivers  106  embedded or attached to electronic devices such as laptops, GPS, radios, cellphones, tablets among others. In addition, transmitter  302  in delivery vehicle  304  may wirelessly extend the life of batteries in the previously mentioned devices during the operation. 
     Transmitter  302  may be in a door, wall, top of the delivery vehicle  304  and the like. Furthermore, other transmitter  302  configurations may be used in dependency of the region and requirement, such requirement may include transmitter  302  on telescopic mast for increasing range. 
       FIG. 4  shows warehouse  400  where one or more transmitters  402  may be located in walls or ceiling for powering and charging electronic devices, such electronic devices may include tablets, laptops, cellphones, radios, lifters, hoists and the like. Transmitter  402  may be connected to an electrical grid which may operate as power source  210 , other power sources  210  may be employed too. Transmitter  402  may generate and direct RF waves  104  towards the receivers  106  embedded or attached to electronic devices such as laptops, GPS, radios, cellphones, hoists, tablets among others. In addition, transmitter  402  may wirelessly extend the life of batteries in the previously mentioned devices during the operation. 
     Transmitter  402  may be in wall, ceiling of the warehouse  400  and the like. Furthermore, other transmitter  402  configurations may be used in dependency of the region and requirement, such requirement may include transmitter  402  on telescopic mast for increasing range. 
     While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments may be contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.