Patent Publication Number: US-10787810-B2

Title: Building block system of prefabricated non-masonry mortarless interlocking building blocks with cap attachments

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     Not Applicable 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING, A TABLE, OR A COMPUTER PROGRAM LISTING COMPACT DISK APPENDIX 
     Not Applicable 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The technical field of the invention is building units and construction elements in that the present invention is a building block system of individual hollow prefabricated non-masonry mortarless interlocking building blocks with corresponding cap attachments that may be used to construct partitions, walls, buildings, and other structures. 
     Many types of building blocks or construction modules, including bricks made of clay, cinder blocks made of concrete, and non-masonry interlocking mortarless building blocks made of polymer plastic, have been used in the past to build permanent and temporary walls and structures. 
     Prior known non-masonry interlocking mortarless building blocks come in various sizes for accommodating prescribed wall dimension lengths and openings, have connecting elements at opposite ends and connecting members at the top and bottom faces of the blocks, and include features for building interconnecting right-angle walls. Many non-masonry interlocking mortarless building blocks use some arrangement of tongue and groove, dovetail, sliding spline, or other male and female members. Some blocks also rely on precise geometrical dimensions to position blocks relative atop each other. And it has been long recognized that use of interlocking building blocks without the need of mortar results in rapid construction of walls even when using unskilled labor. Hence, building blocks having male and female interlocking members have been used for some time in an attempt to reduce the amount of labor required to construct walls, partitions, and other structures. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 1,892,605 “Wall Construction” (Betzler, 1932) provides a series of interlocking components to facilitate constructing a hollow wall structure. The hollow wall may, optionally, be filled with concrete, the interlocking block wall constituting a lost form. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 2,684,589 “Interlocking hollow building block” (Arnold, 1954) discloses an interlocking hollow building block where the hollow blocks are later filled with wet concrete or the like in order to form a substantially integral structure. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,410,044 “Foamed Plastic Based Construction Elements” (Moog, 1968) provides construction elements that may be stacked and then, optionally, be filled with concrete. Interlocking blocks are optionally provided by Moog. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,618,279 “Modular building materials” (Sease, 1971) discloses an interlocking type of building block having a hollow truncated pyramidal projection extending upwardly from the body of the block, and a cavity within a block so formed as to receive such a projection from a block in an adjacent lower course, such a block being designed so that it is easily manufactured without requiring close tolerances. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,075,808 “Building Construction System Using Mortar-Less Modular Building Block Elements” (Pearlman, 1978) teaches another set of interlocking form blocks useful for laying up a modular form for filling. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,311,718 “Form For Use In Fabricating Wall Structures And A Wall Structure Fabrication System Employing Said Form” (Trousilek, 1994) discloses a plastic prefabricated form system. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,924,641 “Polymer Building Wall Form Construction” (Gibbar, Jr., 1990) teaches a polymer building wall form wherein forms prefabricated of polymer are assembled together, spaced apart by integrally connecting polymer or blocks or spacers and erected upon a foundation footing through their insertion upon L-shaped ties. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,490,362 “Hollow block system” (Mercier &amp; Camille, 1996) discloses a hollow block system having mating interconnecting elements extending transversely in rows and slidable in each other upon transversal displacement. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,161,357 “Bidirectionally interlocking, hollow brick wall system” (Altemus, 2000) discloses a bidirectionally interlocking, hollow wall system comprising an assembly of bricks. The bricks of this invention can be reinforced with rods or posts or filled with concrete or both. And bricks of this invention can be assembled at other than right angles at the corners. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,694,485 “Mortarless interlocking building block for a building block system” (Siener, 2010) discloses a mortarless interlocking building block for a building block system comprising a single light-weight block of the standard building block dimensions molded from plastic and configured to be separable into three-quarter, half and one-quarter sizes for accommodating prescribed wall dimension lengths and openings, including a feature for building interconnecting right-angle walls. 
     Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 8,074,419 “Unbonded non-masonry building block components” (Humphress &amp; Flinchum, 2011) discloses non-masonry building block components made of polymer plastic that are reusable and provide integrated horizontal and vertical hollows for outfitting permanent or temporary structures with both electrical wiring and plumbing while leaving both the external and internal surfaces of the finished structure aesthetically pleasing. 
     There are several problems with the prior art. Most heretofore known blocks for mortarless interlocking block systems are costly to produce, and the building blocks cannot be assembled at other than right angles at the corners. In addition, most known non-masonry interlocking mortarless hollow building blocks are not reusable because they are filled with wet concrete or another type of permanent, field-applied filling to form a substantially integral structure. And most prior known non-masonry interlocking mortarless building blocks must be clean when being assembled into a wall; otherwise, the blocks will not interlock successfully, causing the structure built to be unstable. In most instances, the dimensions to which non-masonry interlocking building blocks have been designed do not allow enough space between the building blocks to account for expansion and shrinking of the building blocks when exposed to extreme hot and cold temperatures. This may cause deterioration of a structure built from such blocks. 
     Proposed solutions for prefabricated modular building blocks of related art that does not require the use of a mortar mixture do not offer satisfactory levels of inexpensiveness, firmness, strength, stability, durability, re-usability, and transportability. 
     Thus, it is desirable to have individual hollow prefabricated non-masonry mortarless interlocking building blocks that enable unskilled laborers to build structures that are quickly and easily erected, disassembled, and used again, yet retain desirable strength and durability over time. 
     Accordingly, the objective of the present invention is a system of prefabricated non-masonry mortarless interlocking building blocks that may be easily shipped to a site and combined together with metal bars by relatively untrained personnel in order to quickly erect and disassemble partitions, walls, and other structures during times of military, emergency, humanitarian, and disaster relief efforts. 
     None of the patents and published patent applications, taken singly, or in any combination are seen to teach or suggest the novel building block system of prefabricated non-masonry mortarless interlocking building blocks. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The purpose of the present embodiment of the invention is quick and inexpensive construction of partitions, walls, or other structures during times of military, emergency, humanitarian, and disaster relief efforts. In addition to the present invention, there is provided a method of using the Building Blocks and Cap Attachments to assemble partitions, walls, or other structures. 
     Eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments make up the building block system. The building blocks are: Full End Block with Female Joint; Half End Block with Female Joint; Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner; Full Block with Female to Male Joint; Full End Block with Male Joint; Half End Block with Male Joint; 45-degree Angle Half Block with Female to Male Joint; 45-degree Angle Full Block with Female to Male Joint; Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; and Half Block with Female to Male Joint. 
     The presently preferred embodiment of the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments is polymer plastic; however, any other composite materials that are sufficiently lightweight, rigid, and strong enough to receive and retain a field-applied, removable fill such as sand and dirt will suffice. Being manufactured out of polymer plastic or any other composite materials makes the Building Blocks and Cap Attachments easily transportable and reusable. 
     Each Building Block has an open top portion in order to receive a field-applied removable fill, such as sand or dirt. Each Building Block has one or more guide conduit orifices in its bottom portion allowing for the vertical insertion of a threaded rod through a series of Building Blocks stacked upwardly; the threaded rods are connected together by threaded couplings. The vertical insertion of threaded rods addresses upward lift problems and enhance the strength of a wall assembled from a series of complementary Building Blocks. The vertical reinforcement provided by the threaded rods provides structural integrity when Building Blocks are stacked upwards in a staggered manner upon each other. Each threaded rod connected together by a threaded coupling is removable. 
     Each Building Block has either a male or female mating formation, or both. The male and female mating formations are French dovetail joints that run vertically up the two Building Blocks being joined. The male mating formation is a curved protuberance. The female mating formation is a concavity. The male and female mating formations have specialized grooves that provide horizontal interlocking capability. The male and female mating formations are designed to self-align and level interlocked Building Blocks with each other. The male and female mating formations offer resistance to traction and compression. The lack of necessity for adhesives allows the Building Blocks to be quickly utilized in any environment or climate conditions without the need to wait for bonding agents to dry or set. Without bonding agents, a more readily useable product is produced for the untrained consumer while limiting the amount of on-site materials and time spent building a structure. 
     The four Cap Attachments are: Full Block Cap Attachment; Half Block Cap Attachment; 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment; and 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment. 
     Each Cap Attachment caps off correspondingly shaped Building Blocks by snapping onto the top of the Building Block after it is filled with a removable substance. Each of the four Cap Attachments are designed to connect to correspondingly shaped Building Blocks by inserting a pin through each access port located on the front face portion and rear face portion of the correspondingly shaped Building Blocks. And each of the four Cap Attachments has a top portion where there is located one or more guide conduit orifices that cooperate to receive a threaded rod vertically inserted downward through a series of Building Blocks stacked upwardly in addition to two square shaped footers that align the Building Blocks as each is stacked upwardly upon another other. 
     The plurality of hollow prefabricated, non-masonry, mortarless, interlocking Building Blocks with four complementary Cap Attachments of the building block system are configured to allow for several advantages. 
     One advantage of the present embodiment of the invention to that it allows for the quick and inexpensive construction of strong partitions, walls, or other temporary structures during times of military, emergency, humanitarian, and disaster relief efforts. Each Building Block is designed so that it is cheaply and easily manufactured without requiring close tolerances. The Building Blocks of this invention are reinforced with threaded rods that provide a stronger wall once a plurality of Building Blocks are assembled. The ease of assembly and disassembly of a wall while maintaining the structural integrity of the Building Blocks for future use is particularly useful to military, emergency, humanitarian, and disaster relief efforts that often need fast, temporary structures that can be removed without demolition equipment. 
     A second advantage of the present embodiment of the invention is that its being made of polymer plastic or any other composite materials makes the Building Blocks and Cap Attachments transportable, durable, and reusable. 
     A third advantage of the present embodiment of the invention is that the Building Blocks can be interconnected, assembled, and aligned to create walls or structures with a variety of types of angles, including 90-degree angles and other than right angles. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a Full End Block with Female Joint; 
         FIG. 2  is a top view of a Full End Block with Female Joint; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of a Half End Block with Female Joint; 
         FIG. 4  is a top view of a Half End Block with Female Joint; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner; 
         FIG. 6  is a top view of a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner; 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of a Full Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 8  is a top view of a Full Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of a Full End Block with Male Joint; 
         FIG. 10  is a top view of a Full End Block with Male Joint; 
         FIG. 11  is a perspective view of a Half End Block with Male Joint; 
         FIG. 12  is a top view of a Half End Block with Male Joint; 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 14  is a top view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 16  is a top view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of a Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; 
         FIG. 18  is a top view of a Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view of a Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; 
         FIG. 20  is a top view of a Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner; 
         FIG. 21  is a perspective view of a Half Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 22  is a top view of a Half Block with Female to Male Joint; 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of a Full Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 24  is a top view of a Full Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 25  is a perspective view of a Half Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 26  is a top view of a Half Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 27  is a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 28  is a top view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 29  is a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 30  is a top view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 31  is a front view of a Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 32  is a front view of two threaded reinforcement rods inserted into a threaded coupling; 
         FIG. 33  is a front view of a threaded rod inserted into a threaded coupling housed in a Cap Attachment; 
         FIG. 34  is a is a front view of a threaded eye bolt, threaded coupling, and a threaded auger bit; 
         FIG. 35  shows the top view of the Foundation Component; 
         FIG. 36  is a perspective view of a cross section of a wall built using the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments; and 
         FIG. 37  a perspective view of a partially built four-walled structure constructed from the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments with placement of threaded reinforcement rods. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The detailed description set forth below is intended as a description of the presently preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to represent the only form in which the present invention may be constructed or utilized. The description sets forth the functions and sequences of steps for constructing and operating the invention. It is to be understood, however, that the same or equivalent functions and sequences may be accomplished by different embodiments and that they are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the invention. 
     The present embodiment of the invention is a building block system of eleven hollow prefabricated, non-masonry, mortarless, interlocking building blocks with complementary cap attachments that are designed to interconnect and be stacked vertically upon one another. All blocks and cap attachments preferably should be made of polymer plastic or any other composite materials that are sufficiently lightweight, rigid, and strong enough to be capable of receiving and retaining a field-applied, removable fill such as sand or dirt. 
       FIGS. 1 and 2  illustrate a Full End Block with Female Joint  10  which is the first element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a perspective view of a Full End Block with Female Joint  10  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Full End Block with Female Joint  10  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long. In other embodiments, the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The Full End Block with Female Joint  10  consists of an open top portion  14  with stiffener bars  12  bisecting the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  16  and the unornamented rear face portion  18 ; a bottom portion  24  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  26  located near the first end portion  20 , and one guide conduit orifice  28  located near the unornamented second end portion  30 ; an unornamented front face portion  16 ; an unornamented rear face portion  18 ; a first end portion  20  that has one female mating formation  22  being a concavity; and an unornamented second end portion  30 . The unornamented second end portion  30 , the unornamented front face portion  16 , and the unornamented rear face portion  18  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a top view of a Full End Block with Female Joint  10  and shows a female mating formation  22  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  20 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  has a female mating formation  22  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  20 . In other embodiments, the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 2  further illustrates that the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  has one stiffener bar  12  bisecting the open top portion  14  and connecting the unornamented front face portion  16  and the unornamented rear face portion  18 , thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 2  also illustrates that the Full End Block with Female Joint  10  has a bottom portion  24  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  26  and  28 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the guide conduit orifices  26  and  28  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  26  and  28  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  26  and  28  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 3 and 4  illustrate a Half End Block with Female Joint  32  which is the second element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates a perspective view of a Half End Block with Female Joint  32  and depicts a hollow cube form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Half End Block with Female Joint  32  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Half End Block with Female Joint  32  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and eight inches long. In other embodiments, the Half End Block with Female Joint  32  has a length equal to its width and is one fourth as thick as its length. 
     The Half End Block with Female Joint  32  consists of an open top portion  38 ; a bottom portion  40  that is flat and closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  42  located in the center of the block  32 ; an unornamented front face portion  44 ; an unornamented rear face portion  46 ; a first end portion  34  that has one female mating formation  36  being a concavity; and an unornamented second end portion  48 . The unornamented second end portion  48 , the unornamented front face portion  44 , and the unornamented rear face portion  46  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a top view of a Half End Block with Female Joint  32  and shows a female mating formation  36  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  34 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half End Block with Female Joint  32  has a female mating formation  36  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  34 . In other embodiments, the Half End Block with Female Joint  32  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 4  also illustrates that the Half End Block with Female Joint  32  has a bottom portion  40  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  42  which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifice in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , the guide conduit orifice  42  has a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifice  42  is somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifice  42  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 5 and 6  illustrate a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  which is the third element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates a perspective view of a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long. In other embodiments, the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and is one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  consists of an open top portion  54  with stiffener bars  52  bisecting the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  56  and rear face portion  58 ; a bottom portion  66  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  68  located near the first end portion  62  and one guide conduit orifice  70  located near the unornamented second end portion  72 ; an unornamented front face portion  56 ; a rear face portion  58  that has one male mating formation  60  being a curved protuberance; a first end portion  62  that has one female mating formation  64  being a concavity; and an unornamented second end portion  72 . The unornamented second end portion  72  and the unornamented front face portion  56  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a top view of a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  and shows a female mating formation  64  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  62 , and a male mating formation  60  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the rear face portion  58 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  has a female mating formation that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  62 , and a male mating formation  60  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the rear face portion  58 . In other embodiments, the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks in addition to a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 6  further illustrates that the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  has one stiffener bar  52  bisecting the open top portion  54  of the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  56  and the rear face portion  58  thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 6  also illustrates that the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50  has a bottom portion  66  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  68  and  70 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the guide conduit orifices  68  and  70  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  68  and  70  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  68  and  70  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 7 and 8  illustrate a Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  which is the fourth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a perspective view of a Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long, with nineteen inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  90  curved protuberance to the first end portion  84 . In other embodiments, the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and is one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  consists of an open top portion  78  with stiffener bars  76  bisecting the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  80  and the unornamented rear face portion  82 ; a bottom portion  92  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  94  located near the first end portion  84 , and one guide conduit orifice  96  located near the second end portion  88 ; an unornamented front face portion  80 ; an unornamented rear face portion  82 ; a first end portion  84  that has one female mating formation  86  being a concavity; and a second end portion  88  that has one male mating formation  90  that is a curved protuberance. The unornamented front face portion  80  and the unornamented rear face portion  82  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a top view of a Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  and shows a female mating formation  86  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  84 , and a male mating formation  90  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  88 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  has a female mating formation that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  84  and a male mating formation  90  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  88 . In other embodiments, the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding curved protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks in addition to a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 8  further illustrates that the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  has one stiffener bar  76  bisecting the top portion  78  of the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  80  and the unornamented rear face portion  82 , thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the Full Block with Female to Male Joints, the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 8  also illustrates that the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  has a bottom portion  92  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  94  and  96 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74 , the guide conduit orifices  94  and  96  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  94  and  96  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  94  and  96  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 9 and 10  illustrate a Full End Block with Male Joint  98  which is the fifth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 9  illustrates a perspective view of a Full End Block with Male Joint  98  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Full End Block with Male Joint  98  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long, with nineteen inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  110  curved protuberance to the first end portion  112 . In other embodiments, the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and is one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The Full End Block with Male Joint  98  consists of an open top portion  102  with stiffener bars  100  bisecting the block and connecting the unornamented front face portion  104  and the unornamented rear face portion  106 ; a bottom portion  114  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  116  located near the unornamented first end portion  112 , and one guide conduit orifice  118  located near the second end portion  108 ; an unornamented front face portion  104 ; an unornamented rear face portion  106 ; an unornamented first end portion  112 ; and a second end portion  108  that has one male mating formation  110  that is a curved protuberance. The unornamented front face portion  104 , unornamented rear face portion  106 , and the unornamented first end portion  112  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates a top view of a Full End Block with Male Joint  98  and shows a male mating formation  110  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  108 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  has a male mating formation that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  108 . In other embodiments, the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  has a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Male Joint  98 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 10  further illustrates that the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  has one stiffener bar  100  bisecting the open top portion  102  and connecting the unornamented front face portion  104  and the unornamented rear face portion  106 , thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Male Joint  98 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 10  also illustrates that the Full End Block with Male Joint  98  has a bottom portion  114  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  116  and  118 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full End Block with Male Joint  98 , the guide conduit orifices  116  and  118  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full End Block with Male Joint  98 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  116  and  118  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  116  and  118  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 11 and 12  illustrate a Half End Block with Male Joint  120  which is the sixth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 11  illustrates a perspective view of a Half End Block with Male Joint  120  and depicts a hollow cube form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Half End Block with Male Joint  120  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Half End Block with Male Joint  120  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and eight inches long, with eleven inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  124  curved protuberance to the unornamented first end portion  126 . In other embodiments, the Half End Block with Male Joint  120  has a length equal to its width and is one fourth as thick as its length. 
     The Half End Block with Male Joint  120  consists of an open top portion  128 ; a bottom portion  130  that is flat and closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  132  located in the center of the block; an unornamented front face portion  136 ; an unornamented rear face portion  138 ; an unornamented first end portion  126 ; and a second end portion  122  that has one male mating formation  124  being a curved protuberance. The unornamented front face portion  136 , the unornamented rear face portion  138 , and the unornamented first end portion  126  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a top view of a Half End Block with Male Joint  120  and shows a male mating formation  124  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  122 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half End Block with Male Joint  120  has a male mating formation that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the first end portion  122 . In other embodiments, the Half End Block with Male Joint  120  has a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 12  also illustrates that the Half End Block with Male Joint  120  has a bottom portion  130  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  132  which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifice in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , the guide conduit orifice  132  has a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifice  132  is somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifice  132  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 13 and 14  illustrate a 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  which is the seventh element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  and depicts a hollow octahedron-shaped form that has four 45-degree vertices and eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and eight inches long, with seven and eleven-sixteenths inches being the distance as measured from the arc of the male mating formation&#39;s  146  curved protuberance to the 45-degree vertex formed by the intersection of the upper right front face portion  158  and the lower right front face portion  160 . In other embodiments, the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  consists of an open a top portion  152  with stiffener bars  150  bisecting the block and connecting one vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper left rear face portion  154  and the unornamented lower left rear face portion  156 , and a second vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper right front face portion  158  and the unornamented lower right front face portion  160 ; a bottom portion  162  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  164  located near the first end portion  144 , and one guide conduit orifice  166  located near the second end portion  148 ; an unornamented upper left rear face portion  154 ; an unornamented lower left rear face portion  156  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the unornamented upper left rear face portion  154  to form a vertex; an unornamented upper right front face portion  158 ; an unornamented lower right front face portion  160  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the unornamented upper right front face portion  158  to form a vertex; a first end portion  144  that has one female mating formation  142  being a concavity; and a second end portion  148  that has one male mating formation  146  that is a curved protuberance. The unornamented upper left rear face portion  154 , the unornamented lower left rear face portion  156 , the unornamented upper right front face portion  158 , and the unornamented lower right front face portion  160  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates a top view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  and shows a female mating formation  142  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  144 , and a male mating formation  146  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  148 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  has a female mating formation that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  144 , and a male mating formation  146  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  148 . In other embodiments, the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  has a concavity and a curved protuberance both of which have a radius sufficient to couple with corresponding mating formations running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140 , the mating formations  142  and  146  are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 14  further illustrates that the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  has one stiffener bar  150  bisecting the open top portion  152  and connecting the one vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper left rear face portion  154  and the unornamented lower left rear face portion  156 , and a second vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper right front face portion  158  and the unornamented lower right front face portion  160 , thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 14  also illustrates that the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  has a bottom portion  162  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  164  and  166 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140 , the guide conduit orifices  164  and  166  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  164  and  166  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  164  and  166  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 15 and 16  illustrate a 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  which is the eighth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 15  illustrates a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  and depicts a hollow octahedron-shaped form that has four 45-degree vertices and eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long, with fifteen and eleven-sixteenths inches being the distance from the arc of the male mating formation&#39;s  174  curved protuberance to the 45-degree vertex formed by the intersection of the upper right front face portion  182  and the lower right front face portion  190 . 
     The 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  consists of an open top portion  186  with stiffener bars  178 ,  184 , and  192  that quarter the block; a bottom portion  194  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  196  located near the arc of the female mating formation  170 , one guide conduit orifice  198  located near the upper stiffener bar  178 , one guide conduit orifice  200  located near the lower stiffener bar  192 , and one guide conduit orifice  202  located near the second end portion  176 ; an unornamented upper left rear face portion  180 ; an unornamented lower left rear face portion  188  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the unornamented upper left rear face portion  180  to form a vertex; an unornamented upper right front face portion  182 ; an unornamented lower right front face portion  190  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the upper right front face portion  182  to form a vertex; a first end portion  172  that has one female mating formation  170  being a concavity; and a second end portion  176  that has one male mating formation  174  that is a curved protuberance. The unornamented upper left rear face portion  180 , the unornamented lower left rear face portion  188 , the unornamented upper right front face portion  182 , the unornamented lower right front face portion  190  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 16  illustrates a top view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  and shows a female mating formation  170  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  172 , and a male mating formation  174  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  176 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  has a female mating formation  170  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  172 , and a male mating formation  174  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  176 . In other embodiments, the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  has a concavity and a curved protuberance both of which have a radius sufficient to couple with corresponding mating formations running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168 , the mating formations  170  and  174  are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 16  further illustrates that the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  has three stiffener bars  178 ,  184 ,  192  bisecting the open top portion  186  and providing structural integrity to the block. The upper stiffener bar  178  runs parallel to the first end portion  172  and is perpendicular to the unornamented upper left rear face portion  180  and the unornamented upper right front face portion  182 . The center stiffener bar  184  runs across the open top portion  186  and connects one vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper left rear face portion  180  and the unornamented lower left rear face portion  188  and a second vertex formed by the intersection of the unornamented upper right front face portion  182  and the unornamented lower right front face portion  190 . The lower stiffener bar  192  runs parallel to the second end portion  176  and is perpendicular to the unornamented lower left rear face portion  188  and the unornamented lower right front face portion  190 . In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 16  also illustrates that the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  has a bottom portion  194  that is closed with the exceptions of four guide conduit orifices  196 ,  198 ,  200 , and  202 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168 , the guide conduit orifices  196 ,  198 ,  200 , and  202  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  196 ,  198 ,  200 , and  202  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  196 ,  198 ,  200 , and  202  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 17 and 18  illustrate a Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  which is the ninth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 17  illustrates a perspective view of a Full Corner Block with Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and sixteen inches long, with nineteen inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  216  curved protuberance to the unornamented first end portion  220 . In other embodiments, the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  has dimensions of two times as long as its width and is one eighth as thick as its length. 
     The Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  consists of an open top portion  208  with one stiffener bar  206  bisecting the block and connecting the front face portion  210  and the unornamented rear face portion  212 ; a bottom portion  222  that is flat and closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  224  located near the unornamented first end portion  220 , and one guide conduit orifice  226  located near the second end portion  214 ; a front face portion  210  that has one female mating formation  218  being a concavity located near the first end portion  220 ; an unornamented rear face portion  212 ; an unornamented first end portion  220 ; and a second end portion  214  that has one male mating formation  216  being a curved protuberance. The unornamented rear face portion  212  and the unornamented first end portion  220  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 18  illustrates a top view of a Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  and shows a male mating formation  216  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  214 , and a female mating formation  218  that is a concavity running vertically up the front face portion  210 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  has a female mating formation  218  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the front face portion  210 , and a male mating formation  216  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  214 . In other embodiments, the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks in addition to a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 18  further illustrates that the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  has one stiffener bar  206  bisecting the open top portion  208  of the block and connecting the unornamented rear face portion  212  and the front face portion  210 , thereby providing structural integrity to the block. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204 , the stiffener bars are of sufficient thickness to prevent local buckling and ensure stability. 
       FIG. 18  also illustrates that the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  has a bottom portion  222  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  224  and  226 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204 , the guide conduit orifices  224  and  226  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  224  and  226  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  224  and  226  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 19 and 20  illustrate a Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  which is the tenth element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 19  illustrates a perspective view of a Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  and depicts a hollow cube form that has eight 90-degree vertices. The Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and eight inches long, with eleven inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  232  curved protuberance to the unornamented first end portion  240 . In other embodiments, the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  has a length equal to its width and is one fourth as thick as its length. 
     The Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  consists of an open top portion  242 ; a bottom portion  244  that is flat and closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  246  located in the center of the block; a front face portion  234  that has one female mating formation  238  being a concavity; an unornamented rear face portion  248 ; an unornamented first end portion  240 ; and a second end portion  230  that has one male mating formation  232  being a curved protuberance. The unornamented rear face portion  248  and the unornamented first end portion  240  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 20  illustrates a top view of a Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  and shows a male mating formation  232  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  230 , and a female mating formation  238  that is a concavity running vertically up the front face portion  234 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  has a female mating formation  238  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the front face portion  234 , and a male mating formation  232  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  230 . In other embodiments, the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks in addition to a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 20  also illustrates that the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228  has a bottom portion  244  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  246  which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifice in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228 , the guide conduit orifice  246  has a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifice  246  is somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifice  246  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 21 and 22  illustrate a Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  which is the eleventh element of the building block system invention. 
       FIG. 21  illustrates a perspective view of a Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  and depicts a hollow cube form that has eight 90-degree vertices. 
     The Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  may be made in any dimension suitable for the building it will be forming. In the preferred embodiment, the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  is eight inches wide, eight inches high, and eight inches long, with eleven inches being the distance from the arc of the one male mating formation&#39;s  258  curved protuberance to the first end portion  252 . In other embodiments, the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  has a length equal to its width and is one fourth as thick as its length. 
     The Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  consists of an open top portion  260 ; a bottom portion  262  that is flat and closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  264  located in the center of the block; an unornamented front face portion  268 ; an unornamented rear face portion  270 ; a first end portion  252  that has one female mating formation  254  being a concavity; and a second end portion  256  that has one male mating formation  258  being is a curved protuberance. The unornamented front face portion  268  and the unornamented rear face portion  270  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 22  illustrates a top view of a Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  and shows a male mating formation  258  that is a curved protuberance running vertically up the second end portion  256 , and a female mating formation  254  that is a concavity running vertically up the first end portion  252 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  has a female mating formation  254  that is a concavity with a radius of one and five-eighths inches running vertically up the first end portion  252 , and a male mating formation  258  that is a curved protuberance with a radius of one and one-fourth inches running vertically up the second end portion  256 . In other embodiments, the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  has a concavity with a radius sufficient to couple with male mating formations that are corresponding protuberances running vertically up portions of other blocks in addition to a curved protuberance with a radius sufficient to couple with female mating formations that are corresponding concavities running vertically up portions of other blocks. In all embodiments of the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  the mating formations are designed so that the coupling is reversible, thereby making the block reusable. 
       FIG. 22  also illustrates that the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  has a bottom portion  262  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  264  which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifice in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250 , the guide conduit orifice  264  has a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifice  264  is somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifice  264  with some tolerance. 
     In addition, the block building system consists of four Cap Attachments. Each Cap Attachment caps off correspondingly shaped blocks by snapping onto the top of the block. In all embodiments, each of the four Cap Attachments are designed to be reusable and connect to correspondingly shaped blocks by inserting a pin through each access port (depicted in  FIG. 31 ) located on the front face portion and rear face portion of the correspondingly shaped blocks. And in all embodiments, each of the four Cap Attachments has a top portion where there is located one or more guide conduit orifices (as further illustrated in  FIG. 31 ) that cooperate to receive a threaded rod vertically inserted downward through a series of blocks stacked upwardly and two square shaped footers (as further illustrated in  FIG. 31 ) the purpose of which are to align the blocks as each is stacked upwardly upon another other. 
       FIGS. 23 and 24  illustrate a Full Block Cap Attachment  272  which is the twelfth element of the building block system invention and which is used to cap off the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74 , the Full End Block Male with Male Joint  98 , and the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204  in order to build structures. 
       FIG. 23  illustrates a perspective view of a Full Block Cap Attachment  272  and depicts a hollow rectangular form that has eight 90-degree vertices. The Full Block Cap Attachment  272  may be made in any dimension suitable for capping off the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , the Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74 , the Full End Block Male with Male Joint  98 , and the Full Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  204 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full Block Cap Attachment  272  is eight inches wide, one and one-half inches high, and sixteen inches long. 
     The Full Block Cap Attachment  272  consists of a top portion  274  that is closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  276  located near the first end portion  278 , and one guide conduit orifice  280  located near the second end portion  282 ; an open bottom portion  284 ; an unornamented front face portion  286 ; an unornamented rear face portion  288 ; an unornamented first end portion  278 ; and an unornamented second end portion  282 . The unornamented front face portion  286 , unornamented rear face portion  288 , unornamented first end portion  278 , and unornamented second end portion  282  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 24  illustrates a top view of a Full Block Cap Attachment  272 . In the preferred embodiment, the Full Block Cap Attachment  272  is rectilinear on all sides and has a top portion  274  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  276  and  280 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Full Block Cap Attachment  272 , the guide conduit orifices  276  and  280  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Full Block Cap Attachment  272 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  276  and  280  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  276  and  280  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 25 and 26  illustrate a Half Block Cap Attachment  290  which is the thirteenth element of the building block system invention and which is used to cap off the Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228 , and the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  in order to build structures. 
       FIG. 25  illustrates a perspective view of a Half Block Cap Attachment  290  and depicts a hollow square form that has eight 90-degree vertices. The Half Block Cap Attachment  290  may be made in any dimension suitable for capping off Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , the Half Corner Block with Male Joint and Offset Female Corner  228 , and the Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half Block Cap Attachment  290  is eight inches wide, one and one-half inches high, and eight inches long. 
     The Half Block Cap Attachment  290  consists of a top portion  292  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  294  located in the center of cap attachment; an open bottom portion  298 ; an unornamented front face portion  300 ; an unornamented rear face portion  302 ; an unornamented first end portion  296 ; and an unornamented second end portion  304 . The unornamented front face portion  300 , unornamented rear face portion  302 , unornamented first end portion  296 , and unornamented second end portion  304  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 26  illustrates a top view of a Half Block Cap Attachment  290 . In the preferred embodiment, the Half Block Cap Attachment  290  is rectilinear on all sides and has a top portion  292  that is closed with the exception of one guide conduit orifice  294  located in the center of the Half Block Cap Attachment  290  which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifice in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the Half Block Cap Attachment  290 , the guide conduit orifice  294  has a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the Half Block Cap Attachment  290 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifice  294  is somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifice  294  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 27 and 28  illustrate a 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  which is the fourteenth element of the building block system invention and which is used to cap off the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140  in order to build structures. 
       FIG. 27  illustrates a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  and depicts an octahedron-shaped hollow form with four 45-degree vertices and eight 90-degree vertices. The 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  may be made in any dimension suitable for capping off the 45-degree Angle Half Block with a Female to Male Joint  140 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  is eight inches wide, one and one-half inches high, and eight inches long. 
     The 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  consists of a top portion  308  in the shape of a concave hexagon that is closed with the exceptions of one guide conduit orifice  310  located near the first end portion  312 , and one guide conduit orifice  314  located near the second end portion  316 ; an open bottom portion  318  in the shape of a concave hexagon; an unornamented flat upper left rear face portion  320 ; an unornamented flat lower left rear face portion  322  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the upper left rear face portion  320  to form a vertex; an unornamented flat upper right front face portion  324 ; an unornamented flat lower right front face portion  326  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the upper right front face portion  324  to form a vertex; an unornamented first end portion  312 ; and unornamented second end portion  316 . The unornamented flat upper left rear face portion  320 , the unornamented flat lower left rear face portion  322 , the unornamented flat upper right front face portion  324 , the unornamented flat lower right front face portion  326 , the unornamented first end portion  312 , and the unornamented second end portion  316  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 28  illustrates a top view of a 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306  is rectilinear on all sides and has a top portion  308  that is closed with the exceptions of two guide conduit orifices  310  and  314 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306 , the guide conduit orifices  310  and  314  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Half Block Cap Attachment  306 , the diameter of the guide conduit orifices  310  and  314  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  310  and  314  with some tolerance. 
       FIGS. 29 and 30  illustrate a 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  which is the fifteenth element of the building block system invention and which is used to cap off the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168  in order to build structures. 
       FIG. 29  illustrates a perspective view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  and depicts an octahedron-shaped hollow form with four 45-degree vertices and eight 90-degree vertices. The 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  may be made in any dimension suitable for capping off the 45-degree Angle Full Block with a Female to Male Joint  168 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  is eight inches wide, one and one-half inches high, and sixteen inches long. 
     The 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  consists of a top portion  330  in the shape of a concave hexagon that is closed with the exceptions of four guide conduit orifices  332 ,  336 ,  338  and  342 ; an open bottom portion  344  in the shape of a concave hexagon; an unornamented flat upper left rear face portion  346 ; an unornamented flat lower left rear face portion  348  that intersects at a 45-degree angle with the upper left rear face portion  346  to form a vertex; an unornamented flat upper right front face portion  350 ; an unornamented flat lower right front face portion  352  intersects at a 45-degree angle with the upper right front face portion  350  to form a vertex; an unornamented first end portion  334 ; and unornamented second end portion  340 . The unornamented flat upper left rear face portion  346 , the unornamented flat lower left rear face portion  348 , the unornamented flat upper right front face portion  350 , the unornamented flat lower right front face portion  352 , the unornamented first end portion  334 , and the unornamented second end portion  340  are smooth flat planar surfaces. 
       FIG. 30  illustrates a top view of a 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328 . In the preferred embodiment, the 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328  is rectilinear on all sides and has a top portion  330  that is closed with the exceptions of four guide conduit orifices  332 ,  336 ,  338  and  342 , each of which cooperates to receive one or more threaded rods which pass vertically through the guide conduit orifices in order to align and reinforce the blocks so structural integrity is maintained when a series of blocks are stacked upwardly upon each other while building structures. In the preferred embodiment of the 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328 , the four guide conduit orifices  332 ,  336 ,  338  and  342  have a diameter of one and one-fourth inches. In all embodiments of the 45-degree Angle Full Block Cap Attachment  328 , the diameter of the four guide conduit orifices  332 ,  336 ,  338  and  342  are somewhat larger that the diameter of the threaded rod so that the threaded rod can be inserted through the guide conduit orifices  332 ,  336 ,  338  and  342  with some tolerance. 
       FIG. 31  illustrates a front view of a Cap Attachment  354 . In all embodiments, each of the four Cap Attachments are designed to be reusable and connect to correspondingly shaped blocks by inserting a pin through each access port  358  located on the front face portion and rear face portion of the correspondingly shaped blocks. Furthermore, in all embodiments each of the four Cap Attachments has a top portion where there is located one or more guide conduit orifices  360  that cooperate to receive a threaded rod vertically inserted downward through a series of blocks stacked upwardly. And in all embodiments, each of the four Cap Attachments has two square shaped footers  356  the purpose of which are to align the blocks as each is stacked upwardly upon another other. 
       FIG. 32  illustrates a front view of a housing  362  which is a threaded coupling  368  that connects reinforcement rods  364  and  366  in a series until the desired length is achieved. 
       FIG. 33  illustrates a front view of a housing  370  which is a threaded coupling  376  with the threaded reinforcement rod  372  terminating in a cap attachment  374 . 
       FIG. 35  illustrates a top view of the Foundation Component  390 . The Foundation Component may be made of galvanized steel or any other material that is sufficiently lightweight, rigid, and durable enough to be reusable and strong enough to support the weight of a series of Building Blocks stacked upwardly upon each other in a staggered manner. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the Foundation Component  390  is eight inches wide, one and one-half inches high, and ninety-six inches long with channels  392 ,  394 , and  398  where there are located one circular opening  396  located in the center of the Foundation Component  390  for inserting standard block bolts that affix the foundation component to the Building Blocks and two guide conduit orifices  400  with a radius of five-eighths inches located on opposite ends of the Foundation Component  390  each of which allow the threaded reinforcement rods to pass upward from the earth through the series of Building Blocks stacked upon each other in a staggered manner. 
       FIG. 36  is a perspective view of a cross section of a wall built with the building system elements that consist of the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments. And  FIG. 37  is a perspective view of a partially built four-walled structure constructed using the building system elements that consist of the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments and further illustrates the placement of threaded reinforcement rods. 
     As generally illustrated in  FIGS. 36 and 37 , one method for constructing a partition, wall, or other structure using the eleven Building Blocks and four Cap Attachments is described as follows. In order to erect a partition, wall, or other structure, an auger  378  as shown in  FIG. 34  is used to drill holes into the earth every eight inches for as many feet as the length of the structure to be built. The auger  378  depicted in  FIG. 34  has a top portion  386  where there is located a threaded eyebolt  388  that connects to the bottom portion  380  by inserting each threaded rod  382  and  386  end into a threaded coupling  384 . Twenty-four inch tall threaded reinforcement rods are inserted and secured into those holes drilled in the earth. In order to be able to connect the Building Blocks to each other so that a building is achieved, each Building Block has one or more guide conduit orifices in its bottom portion. Next, a Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 , which has two guide conduit orifices  68  and  70  in its bottom portion  66 , is brought over the top of the twenty-four inch tall threaded reinforcement rods so that the reinforcement rods run through each guide conduit orifice  68  and  70  in the bottom portion  66  of the Full Corner Block with Female Joint and Offset Male Corner  50 . Using the same method, Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  is laid and connected end-to-end with other Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  or Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  until the desired length of the structure is achieved. The series of Full Block with Female to Male Joint  74  or Half Block with Female to Male Joint  250  may be terminated with the Full End Block with Female Joint  10 , the Full End Block with Male Joint  98 , the Half End Block with Female Joint  32 , or the Half End Block with Male Joint  120 , or a variety of other types of angles, including 90-degree angles and other than right angles, may be formed using the other Building Blocks. The male and female mating formations on each Building Block are configured to interlock with the corresponding male and female mating formations of adjacent Building Blocks. After one course is laid, each block is filled with sand or dirt and a corresponding Cap Attachment is snapped onto each Building Block. The first course of Building Blocks must be placed on a suitably level foundation in order to cause adjacent Building Blocks to be aligned with one another along a straight line. Thereafter, a second course of Building Blocks is mounted on the first course such that each block in the second course will be staggered relative to the lower course. This method is repeated until the desired height of the partition, wall, or other structure is achieved.