Patent Publication Number: US-2020290303-A1

Title: Packaging machine and systems

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 62/818,570, filed Mar. 14, 2019, entitled “Packaging Machine and Systems,” the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by this reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. The Technical Field 
     Exemplary embodiments of the disclosure relate to systems, methods, and devices for converting raw material into packaging templates. 
     2. The Relevant Technology 
     Shipping and packaging industries frequently use paperboard and other sheet material processing equipment that converts sheet materials into box templates. One advantage of such equipment is that a shipper may prepare boxes of required sizes as needed in lieu of keeping a stock of standard, pre-made boxes of various sizes. Consequently, the shipper can eliminate the need to forecast its requirements for particular box sizes as well as to store pre-made boxes of standard sizes. Instead, the shipper may store one or more bales of fanfold material, which can be used to generate a variety of box sizes based on the specific box size requirements at the time of each shipment. This allows the shipper to reduce storage space normally required for periodically used shipping supplies as well as reduce the waste and costs associated with the inherently inaccurate process of forecasting box size requirements, as the items shipped and their respective dimensions vary from time to time. 
     In addition to reducing the inefficiencies associated with storing pre-made boxes of numerous sizes, creating custom sized boxes also reduces packaging and shipping costs. In the fulfillment industry it is estimated that shipped items are typically packaged in boxes that are about 65% larger than the shipped items. Boxes that are too large for a particular item are more expensive than a box that is custom sized for the item due to the cost of the excess material used to make the larger box. When an item is packaged in an oversized box, filling material (e.g., Styrofoam, foam peanuts, paper, air pillows, etc.) is often placed in the box to prevent the item from moving inside the box and to prevent the box from caving in when pressure is applied (e.g., when boxes are taped closed or stacked). These filling materials further increase the cost associated with packing an item in an oversized box. 
     Customized sized boxes also reduce the shipping costs associated with shipping items compared to shipping the items in oversized boxes. A shipping vehicle filled with boxes that are 65% larger than the packaged items is much less cost efficient to operate than a shipping vehicle filled with boxes that are custom sized to fit the packaged items. In other words, a shipping vehicle filled with custom sized packages can carry a significantly larger number of packages, which can reduce the number of shipping vehicles required to ship the same number of items. Accordingly, in addition or as an alternative to calculating shipping prices based on the weight of a package, shipping prices are often affected by the size of the shipped package. Thus, reducing the size of an item&#39;s package can reduce the price of shipping the item. Even when shipping prices are not calculated based on the size of the packages (e.g., only on the weight of the packages), using custom sized packages can reduce the shipping costs because the smaller, custom sized packages will weigh less than oversized packages due to using less packaging and filling material. 
     Although sheet material processing machines and related equipment can potentially alleviate the inconveniences associated with stocking standard sized shipping supplies and reduce the amount of space required for storing such shipping supplies, previously available machines and associated equipment have various drawbacks. For instance, previous systems have included cutting and creasing tools that require time-consuming movements and/or repositioning in order to make cuts and creases in the sheet material. As a result, the throughput of such machines has been limited. 
     Accordingly, it would be advantageous to have a packaging machine that can form box templates in a faster and more efficient manner. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     Exemplary embodiments of the disclosure relate to systems, methods, and devices for forming packaging templates. For instance, one embodiment of a converting assembly is configured to perform a plurality of conversion functions on sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates. The converting assembly includes a plurality of tool rollers. Each of the tool rollers has one or more conversion tools thereon. The one or more conversion tools on an individual tool roller are configured to perform a subset of the plurality of conversion functions that convert the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     According to another embodiment, a converting machine is configured to convert sheet material into packaging templates. The converting machine includes a feed changer configured to selectively feed sheet materials having different characteristics into the converting machine. The converting machine also includes a converting assembly that is configured to perform a plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates. The converting assembly includes at least first and second roller sets. The first roller set includes a first tool roller on a first axle. The first tool roller includes one or more transverse conversion tools thereon. The first tool roller is selectively rotatable on or about the first axle to selectively engage the one or more transverse conversion tools thereon with the sheet material. The second roller set includes at least first and second tool rollers on a second axle. Each of the first and second tool rollers on the second axle includes one or more transverse conversion tools and/or one or more longitudinal conversion tools thereon. The first and second tool rollers on the second axle are selectively rotatable on or about the second axle to selectively engage the one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools thereon with the sheet material. The first and second tool rollers are selectively movable along a length of the second axle to reposition the one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools relative to the sheet material. The movements of the first and second tool rollers may be symmetrical about a centerline of the converting assembly. 
     According to another embodiment, a method is provided for performing a plurality of conversion functions on sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates. The method includes performing a first subset of conversion functions of the plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material with one or more tool rollers on a first axle. The method also includes performing a second subset of conversion functions of the plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material with one or more tool rollers on a second axle. 
     These and other objects and features of the present disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of the disclosure as set forth hereinafter. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       To further clarify the above and other advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only illustrated embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a schematic view of an example system for forming packaging templates. 
         FIGS. 2A-2C  illustrate an example converting assembly for converting sheet material into packaging templates. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates another example converting assembly for converting sheet material into packaging templates. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an example printing arrangement for printing on packaging templates. 
         FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, and 6C  illustrate example mechanisms for preventing the sheet material from undesirably folding up. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The embodiments described herein generally relate to systems, methods, and devices for forming packaging templates. While the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to specific configurations, the descriptions are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Various modifications can be made to the illustrated configurations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the claims. For better understanding, like components have been designated by like reference numbers throughout the various accompanying figures. 
     As used herein, the term “bale” shall refer to a stock of sheet material that is generally rigid in at least one direction, and may be used to make a box template. For example, the bale may be formed of a continuous sheet of material or a sheet of material of any specific length, such as corrugated cardboard and paperboard sheet materials. Additionally, the bale may have stock material that is substantially flat, folded, or wound onto a bobbin. 
     As used herein, the term “box template” shall refer to a substantially flat stock of material that can be folded into a box-like shape. A box template may have notches, cutouts, divides, and/or creases that allow the box template to be bent and/or folded into a box. Additionally, a box template may be made of any suitable material, generally known to those skilled in the art. For example, cardboard or corrugated paperboard may be used as the box template material. A suitable material also may have any thickness and weight that would permit it to be bent and/or folded into a box-like shape. 
     As used herein, the term “crease” shall refer to a line along which the box template may be folded. For example, a crease may be an indentation in the box template material, which may aid in folding portions of the box template separated by the crease, with respect to one another. A suitable indentation may be created by applying sufficient pressure to reduce the thickness of the material in the desired location and/or by removing some of the material along the desired location, such as by scoring. 
     The terms “notch,” “cutout,” and “cut” are used interchangeably herein and shall refer to a shape created by removing material from the template or by separating portions of the template, such that a divide through the template material is created. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates an example system  100  that may be used to create packaging templates (and optionally erected boxes therefrom). The system  100  includes bales  102  (e.g., bales  102   a ,  102   b ) of sheet material  104 . The system  100  also includes a feed changer  106  and a converting assembly  108 . Optionally, the system  100  may also include a print assembly  110 , a folding and attachment assembly  112 , and/or an erecting assembly  114 . Combinations of one or more of the feed changer  106 , the converting assembly  108 , the print assembly  110 , the fold and attachment assembly  112 , and/or the erecting assembly  114  may form a converting machine  116 . 
     Generally, the feed changer  106  is configured to advance the sheet material  104  from a desired bale  102   a ,  102   b  into the converting assembly  108 . The bales  102   a ,  102   b  may be formed of sheet material  104  that have different characteristics (e.g., widths, lengths, thickness, stiffness, color, etc.) from one another. For instance, the width of the bale  102   b  may be smaller than the width of the bale  102   a . Thus, it may be desirable to use the sheet material  104  from the bale  102   b  to form a smaller box so there is less sheet material wasted (e.g., side trim). 
     Although  FIG. 1  illustrates bales  102  of sheet material  104  being used as the source material from which packaging templates can be made, it will be appreciated that this is only exemplary. In other embodiments, the sheet material  104  may come from a source that is unfolded. For instance, the sheet material  104  may take the form of an endless or continuous sheet that has not been folded. As used herein, an endless or continuous sheet may simply refer to sheet material that is significantly longer than required to form a single packaging template or that is long enough to form multiple packaging templates therefrom. In other embodiments, the sheet material  104  may be formed by joining or splicing together individual panels or sheets of sheet material. 
     After the sheet material  104  passes through the feed changer  110 , the sheet material  104  passes through the converting assembly  108 , where one or more conversion functions are performed on the sheet material  104  to form a packaging template from the sheet material  104 . The conversion functions may include cutting, creasing, bending, folding, perforating, and/or scoring the sheet material  104  in order to form a packaging template therefrom. 
     As the packaging template exits the converting assembly  108 , the print assembly  110  may print labels, logos, instructions, or other material on the packaging template. The packaging template may also optionally be folded and glued by the folding and attachment assembly  112  (e.g., to form a manufacturer&#39;s joint). Furthermore, the erecting assembly  114  may also optionally erect the folded and glued packaging temple into an open box that is ready to be filled with product(s). 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 1 , the feed changer  106  can accept sheet material  104  from multiple bales  102 . The position of at least a portion of the feed changer  106  can be adjusted relative to the converting assembly  108  such that the desired sheet material  104  is aligned with and can be fed into the converting assembly  108 . For instance, the sheet material  104  from a particular bale  102  may be desired because of one or more characteristics of the sheet material (e.g., width, thickness, color, strength, etc.). The feed changer  106  may be adjusted so that the desired sheet material  104  from the appropriate bale  102  is positioned to be fed into the converting assembly  108 . In  FIG. 1 , for instance, the feed changer  106  is adjusted to feed sheet material  104  from the bale  102   a  into the converting assembly  108 . 
     In some embodiments, the feed changer  106  is configured to adjust on the fly. For instance, the feed changer  106  may be configured to change which sheet material  104  is fed into the converting assembly  108  even while the converting assembly  108  completes the conversion functions on a previous packaging template. 
     As the sheet material  104  advances through the converting assembly  108 , one or more converting tools (discussed in greater detail below) perform conversion functions (e.g., crease, bend, fold, perforate, cut, score) on the sheet material  104  in order to create packaging templates out of the sheet material  104 . Some of the conversion functions may be made on the sheet material  104  in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement and/or the length of the sheet material  104 . In other words, some conversion functions may be made across (e.g., between the sides) the sheet material  104 . Such conversion functions s may be considered “transverse conversions” or “transverse conversion functions.” In contrast, some of the conversion functions may be made on the sheet material  104  in a direction substantially parallel to the direction of movement and/or the length of the sheet material  104 . Such conversions may be considered “longitudinal conversions” or “longitudinal conversion functions.” The converting assembly  108  may also or alternatively perform one or more angled and/or curved conversion functions on the sheet material  104 . Such angled and/or curved conversion functions may extend at least partially along the length of the sheet material and at least partially between opposing side edges thereof. Furthermore, some of the conversion functions may include cutting excess material off of the sheet material  104 . For instance, if the sheet material  104  is wider than needed to form a desired packaging template, part of the width of the sheet material  104  can be cut off by one or more conversion tools. 
     In the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the converting assembly  108  includes a series of roller sets  118  (e.g., roller sets  118   a ,  118   b ,  118   c ). Each roller set  118  may include one or more converting tools for performing the conversion functions on the sheet material  104 . For instance, in some embodiments, roller set  118   a  may include one or more conversion tools that are configured to make cuts and/or creases along all or portions of the width of the sheet material  104 . Similarly, in some embodiments, roller set  118   b  may include one or more conversion tools that are configured to make cuts and/or creases along all or portions of the length of the sheet material  104 . Likewise, in some embodiments, roller set  118   c  may include one or more conversion tools for making transverse and/or longitudinal cuts (e.g., to form flaps of the packaging template). 
     In some embodiments, each roller set  118  may include one or more rollers that include the conversion tools (referred to herein as tool rollers) and one or more opposing rollers (referred to herein as support rollers) opposite thereto. For instance,  FIG. 1  illustrates roller set  118   a  with a tool roller  120  and a support roller  122 , roller set  118   b  with a tool roller  124  and a support roller  126 , and roller set  118   c  with a tool roller  128  and support roller  130 . 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  are disposed on one side (e.g., above) of the sheet material  104  and the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  are disposed on an opposite side (e.g., below) of the sheet material  104 . In other embodiments, the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  may be positioned below the sheet material  104  and the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  may be position above the sheet material  104 . In still other embodiments, some of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  may be positioned above the sheet material  104  and some of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  may be positioned below the sheet material  104 . In such embodiments, some of the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  may be positioned above the sheet material  104  and some of the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  may be positioned below the sheet material  104 . In still other embodiments, at least one of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  may be positioned above the sheet material  104  and at least one of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  may be positioned below the sheet material  104  and generally opposite to the tool roller that is above the sheet material  104 . In such embodiment, the opposing tool rollers may both perform conversion functions on the sheet material and act as a support roller for the opposing tool roller (e.g., the top tool roller may act as a support roller for the bottom tool roller and the bottom tool roller may act as a support roller for the top tool roller). 
     As used herein, relative positional terms, such as “top,” “bottom,” “above,” and “below,” are merely used for convenience. In at least some embodiments, such terms should be understood to mean that the referenced element is positioned to one side or another of another element. For example, as noted above, some of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  and the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  can be positioned on one side or another of the sheet material  104 . In some embodiments, some of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  and/or the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  may actually be positioned above or below the sheet material  104 . In other embodiments, however, some of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  and/or the support rollers  122 ,  126 ,  130  may merely be positioned to one side or another of the sheet material. Thus, reference herein to tool rollers and/or support rollers as being “top” or “bottom” rollers or positioned “above” or “below” the sheet material is intended to broadly cover the tool rollers and/or support rollers being positioned to one side or another of the sheet material, regardless of whether the sheet material is oriented horizontally, vertically, or angled (e.g., such as shown in  FIG. 1 ). 
     In some embodiments, each of the tool rollers in a given roller set  118  may be mounted on a common axle and/or along a common axis. Similarly, in some embodiments, each of the support roller in a given roller set  118  may be mounted on a common axle and/or along a common axis. The support rollers may provide a support surface for the sheet material  104  as the tool rollers perform the conversion functions thereon. In some embodiments, the rotation of the support rollers (and optionally the tool rollers) may also assist with advancing the sheet material  104  through the converting assembly  108 . 
     Attention is now directed to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , which illustrate an example embodiment of the converting assembly  116 . More particularly,  FIGS. 2A and 2B  primarily illustrate example embodiments of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  of the converting assembly  116 . While  FIGS. 2A and 2B  illustrate a particular configuration of the tool rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128 , it will be appreciated that the illustrated and described embodiment is merely exemplary and the tool rollers may be rearranged, fewer or more tool rollers may be used, and/or the conversion tools thereof may be rearranged or redistributed among the rollers  120 ,  124 ,  128  or fewer or more tool rollers. 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the tool roller  120  is mounted on a first axle or about a first axis to enable the tool roller  120  to rotate thereabout. The tool roller  120  may include one or more creasing tools  132  disposed thereon. As seen in  FIGS. 2A and 2B , the creasing tool(s)  132  may be a ridge or projection formed on or extending radially from the outer surface of the tool roller  120 . When the tool roller  120  is rotated so that a creasing tool  132  engages the sheet material  104 , the creasing tool  132  can form a crease in the sheet material  104 . More specifically, the creasing tool  132  may cooperate with the support roller  122  ( FIG. 1 ) to compress or make an indentation in the sheet material  104 , thereby forming a crease in the sheet material  104 . 
     In some embodiments, the creasing tool(s)  132  may be permanently attached or integrated into the tool roller  120 . In other embodiments, the creasing tool(s)  132  may be selectively attachable to or removable from the tool roller  120 . In the illustrated embodiment, the creasing tool(s)  132  extend along at least a portion of the length of tool roller  120 . In some embodiment, one or more of the creasing tools  132  may extend continuously along a least a portion of the length of tool roller  120 . In other embodiments, one or more of the creasing tools  132  may extend discontinuously along a least a portion of the length of tool roller  120  (e.g., such that there are gaps between portions of the creasing tool  132 ). The one or more creasing tools  132  may be disposed at one or more distinct locations about the circumference of the tool roller  120 . In some embodiments, one or more of the creasing tools  132  may extend at least partially around the circumference of the tool roller  120 . 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 2B , the tool roller  120  may also include one or more separation knives  134 . The separation knife  134  illustrated in  FIG. 2B  may be a knife or blade formed on or extending radially from the outer surface of the tool roller  120 . When the tool roller  120  is rotated so that the separation knife  134  engages the sheet material  104 , the separation knife  134  can form a cut in the sheet material  104 . In some embodiments, at least one separation knife  134  extends along all or a substantial portion of the width of the converting assembly  108 . As such, the separation knife  134  can be configured to form a cut along the entire width of the sheet material  104  in order to separate the sheet material  104  into separate pieces. Once such a separation cut is made, the feed changer  106  may change what sheet material  104  will be fed into the converting assembly  108  next. 
     In some embodiments, the tool roller  120  may include one or more resilient members adjacent to the creasing tool(s)  132  and/or the separation knife(ves)  134 . For instance, as shown in  FIG. 2B , the tool roller  120  includes resilient members  136  on opposing sides of the separation knife  134 . In the illustrated embodiment, the resilient members  136  include a plurality of resilient members  136  disposed along opposing sides of the separation knife  134 . In other embodiments, the tool roller  120  may include one or more resilient members  136  on a single side of the separation knife  134 , one or more resilient members  136  on each side of the separation knife  134 , or a single resilient member  136  on one side of the separation knife  134  and a plurality of resilient members  136  on an opposing side thereof. Likewise, the one or more resilient members  136  may be disposed on one or both sides of one or more of the creasing tool(s)  132 . 
     The resilient member(s)  136  may be formed of rubber, foam, or other materials or devices (e.g., springs) that can be compressed and then expand back to an original size. The resilient member(s)  136  can provide various functionalities to the tool roller  120 . For instance, the resilient member(s)  136  can be compressed between the tool roller  120  and the sheet material  104  when a creasing tool  132  or a separation knife  134  is rotated to engage the sheet material  104 . As the tool roller  120  rotates to disengage the creasing tool  132  or the separation knife  134  from the sheet material  104 , the expansion of the resilient member  136  can assist with withdrawing the creasing tool  132  or the separation knife  134  from the sheet material  104 . The resilient member(s)  136  may also engage the sheet material  104  during rotation of the tool roller  120  to assist with advancing the sheet material  104  through the converting assembly  108 . 
     With continued attention to  FIGS. 2A and 2B , attention is now to directed to tool roller  124 . In the illustrated embodiment, the tool roller  124  is formed of four tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  which are mounted on a second axle or about a second axis. In the illustrated embodiment, the second axle or second axis is substantially parallel to the first axle or first axis. 
     The tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  include one or more conversion tools that can be used to perform one or more conversion functions on the sheet material  104 . For instance, the tool rollers  124   a  and  124   d  each include a side trim knife  138 . In some embodiments, the side trim knives  138  extend around all or a substantial portion of the circumferences of the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  and radially therefrom. The side trim knives  138  may be oriented perpendicular to the second axle or axis and generally parallel to the length of the sheet material  104 . In this configuration, the side trim knives  138  are configured to trim off the sides of the sheet material  104  when the sheet material  104  is wider than necessary to form a desired packaging template. In some embodiments, the side trim knives  138  can continuously engage the sheet material  104  if the sheet material  104  is wider than necessary to make a desired packaging template. In other embodiments, if the sheet material  104  is already the proper width to make a desired packaging template, the side trim knives  138  may not engage the sheet material  104 . 
     The tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  may also include one or more additional knives  140 , as shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B . The knives  140  may be configured to cut the side trim from the sheet material  104  into smaller pieces. In some embodiments, the knives  140  extend primarily parallel to the second axle or axis. However, as can be seen in  FIGS. 2A and 2B , the knives  140  can extend at least partially around the circumference of the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d . Thus, the knives  140  can be angled or perpendicular to the second axle or axis. In addition to side trim knives  140 , some embodiments may include one or more trim attraction elements for attracting the pieces of side trim. In some embodiments, the one or more trim attraction elements may include one or more blowers, fans, vacuums, or static generation elements that can attract or direct the side trim to a desired area. 
     Similar to the tool roller  120 , the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  may include one or more resilient members  136  disposed on one or more sides of the conversion tools, including the side trim knives  138  and the knives  140 . 
     The tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  may include creasing tools  141  for forming longitudinal creases in the sheet material  104 . The creasing tools  141  may include ridges or other projections that extend radially out from the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c . In some embodiments, the creasing tools  141  may extend around all or substantially all of the circumferences of the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c . The creasing tools  141  on the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  may form creases in the sheet material  104  that will define boundaries between side wall panels and top and bottom flaps of the packaging template being formed. 
     In some embodiments, the tool rollers  124   a - 124   d  may rotate about the second axle or axis to cause the conversion tools thereon to engage or disengage the sheet material  104 . Additionally, in some embodiments, the tool rollers  124   a - 124   d  may also move along the length of the second axle or axis either closer to or further away from one another. For instance, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  are spaced further apart from one another in  FIG. 2A  than in  FIG. 2B . The spacing between tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  can be determined by the width of the packaging template being formed. For instance, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  may be spaced apart from one another such that the distance between their respective side trim knives  138  is equal to the desired width of the packaging template being formed. 
     Similarly, the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  may also be moved closer together or further apart, as can be ascertained from a comparison between  FIGS. 2A and 2B . The tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  can be spaced apart so that the distance between their respective creasing tools is equal to a desired dimension of the packaging template (e.g., height of the side walls). 
     Furthermore, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b  can be spaced apart from one another by a desired dimension. Likewise, the tool rollers  124   c ,  124   d  can also be spaced apart from one another by a desired dimension. In some embodiments, the dimensions between the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b  and between the tool rollers  124   c ,  124   d  can be equal to one another. In some embodiments, the distance between the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b  and between the tool rollers  124   c ,  124   d  can be equal to a desired dimension of packaging template flaps. 
     In some embodiments, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  may move symmetrically along the length of the second axle or axis. For instance, as the tool roller  124   a  moves towards a first end of the second axle or axis, the tool roller  124   d  can move in an opposite direction towards a second end of the second axle or axis. Likewise, as the tool roller  124   a  moves towards a longitudinal center of the second axle or axis, the tool roller  124   d  can likewise move in an opposite direction towards the longitudinal center of the second axle or axis. As a result, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   d  can always be positioned an equal distance from the longitudinal center of the second axle or axis. In the same manner, tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  may also be symmetrically mounted and movable on the second axle or axis such that the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c  can always be positioned an equal distance from the longitudinal center of the second axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, the tool roller  124  may also include one or more feed rollers  142  mounted on the second axle or about the second axis. The one or more feed rollers may rotate about the second axle or axis and engage the sheet material  104  to assist with advancing sheet material  104  through the converting assembly  108 . 
     In some embodiments, the rotation of the second axle and/or the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  and the feed roller  142  may be actively driven (e.g., via one or more motors). In other embodiments, the second axle may freely rotate and/or the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  and the feed roller  142  may freely rotate about the second axle or axis. For instance, the second axle and/or the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  and the feed roller  142  may not be actively and directly driven (e.g., with one or more motors). Rather, the support roller  126  (see  FIG. 1 ) associated with the second axle or axis may be actively driven (e.g., with a motor). Rotation of the support roller  126  and/or the movement of the sheet material  104  between the support roller  126  and tool rollers on the second axle may result in rotation of the tools and/or roller(s) on the second axle. 
     In some embodiments, the conversion tools on the second axle may engage and/or penetrate into the associated support roller  126 . In order to reposition the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  along the length of the second axle or axis, the conversion tools thereon may first need to be disengaged from the support roller  126 . This may be accomplished by moving the second axle away from the support roller  126 , moving the support roller  126  away from the second axle, or a combination thereof via one or more actuators. Alternatively, or additionally, the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  may be rotated so as to rotate the conversion tools away from the support roller  126 , thereby disengaging the conversion tools from the support roller  126 . 
     Once the conversion tools are disengaged from the support roller  126 , the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  can be repositioned along the length of the second axle or axis and the conversion tools can be reengaged with the support roller  126  (e.g., by moving the second axle towards the support roller  126 , moving the support roller  126  towards the second axle, rotating the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  so the conversion tools engage the support roller  126 , or a combination thereof). 
     With continuing reference to  FIGS. 2A, 2B , attention is now directed to the tool roller  128 . In the illustrated embodiment, tool roller  128  includes tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  mounted on a third axle or about a third axis. In the illustrated embodiment, the third axle or axis is substantially parallel to the first and second axles or axis. 
     The tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  include one or more conversion tools that can be used to perform one or more conversion functions on the sheet material  104 . For instance, tool rollers  128   a  and  128   b  each include one or more flap knives  144 . The one or more flap knives  144  illustrated in  FIGS. 2A and 2B  may be knives or blades formed on or extending radially from the outer surface of the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b . The one or more flap knives  144  may extend generally parallel to the third axle or axis. 
     When the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  are rotated so that the flap knives  144  engage the sheet material  104 , the flap knives  144  can form cuts or notches in the sheet material  104 . The cuts or notches formed by the flap knives  144  may at least partially define flaps of the packaging template. In some embodiments, the flap knives  144  extends along all or a substantial portion of the width of the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b.    
     In some embodiments, the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  may also include longitudinal knives  146 . The longitudinal knives  146  may be oriented generally perpendicular to the third axle or axis and parallel to the length or feed direction of the sheet material  104 . In some embodiments, the longitudinal knives  146  may extend around all or a portion of the circumferences of the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b . The longitudinal knives  146  may be rotated into engagement with the sheet material  104  to cut off portions of the sheet material  104 . For instance, the longitudinal knives  146  may cut off portions of the sheet material  104  adjacent to a glue flap formed therein as part of the packaging template. For instance, as shown in  FIG. 2C , the longitudinal knives  146  can be rotated to engage the sheet material  104  and form longitudinal cuts at edges  147 ,  149 . The cuts at edges  147 ,  149  along with the cuts at edges  151 ,  153  (formed by flap knives  144 ) cut out excess sheet material on opposing sides of the glue flap GF. 
     Similar to the tool rollers  120  and  124 , the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  may include one or more resilient members  136  disposed on one or more sides of the conversion tools, including the flap knives  144  and the longitudinal knives  146 . Furthermore, like the tool rollers  120  and  124   a - 124   d , the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  may rotate about the third axle or axis to cause the conversion tools thereon to engage or disengage the sheet material  104 . Additionally, like the tool rollers  124   a - 124   d , the tool rollers  128   a    128   b  may also move symmetrically along the length of the third axle or axis either closer to or further away from one another. For instance, the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  are spaced further apart from one another in  FIG. 2A  than in  FIG. 2B . The spacing between tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  can be determined by the width of the packaging template being formed. For instance, the longitudinal knives  146  may be generally aligned with the creasing tools on the tool rollers  124   b ,  124   c . Additionally, the ends of the flaps knives  144  closest to the longitudinal center of the third axle or axis may be spaced apart from one another such that the distance between the noted ends is equal to a desired dimension (e.g., height of the packaging template side walls) of the packaging template being formed. 
     In some embodiments, the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  may move symmetrically along the length of the third axle or axis. For instance, as the tool roller  128   a  moves towards a first end of the third axle or axis, the tool roller  128   b  can move in an opposite direction towards a second end of the third axle or axis. Likewise, as the tool roller  128   a  moves towards a longitudinal center of the third axle or axis, the tool roller  128   b  can likewise move towards the longitudinal center of the third axle or axis. As a result, the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  can always be positioned an equal distance from the longitudinal center of the third axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, the rotation of the third axle and/or the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  about the third axis may be actively driven (e.g., via a motor) or freely rotate (similar to the second axle and the tool rollers thereon). In other embodiments, the conversion tools on the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  may be disengage from the support roller  130  (see  FIG. 1 ) by moving the third axle away from the support roller  130 , moving the support roller  130  away from the third axle, or a combination thereof via one or more actuators. Such disengagement of the conversion tools may enable the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  to be repositioned along the length of the third axle and the conversion tools can be reengaged with the support roller  130  (e.g., by moving the third axle towards the support roller  130 , moving the support roller  130  towards the third axle, or a combination thereof). 
     As noted above, the number of roller sets, tool rollers, and support rollers, as well as the ordering thereof and the configuration of the conversion tools thereon can be altered from one embodiment to another. By way of example,  FIG. 3  illustrates another embodiment of a converting assembly  116 . Many aspects of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 3  may be similar or identical to the embodiment shown and described in connection with  FIGS. 2A and 2B . According, the following description of  FIG. 3  will focus primarily on the aspects that are different from the embodiment of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . 
     As can be seen in  FIG. 3 , the converting assembly  116  includes a plurality of roller sets. Each roller set includes one or more tool rollers and one or more support rollers. Unlike the converting assembly of  FIGS. 2A and 2B , which included three roller sets, the converting assembly of  FIG. 3  includes four roller sets, namely roller sets  150 ,  152 ,  154 ,  156 . 
     The roller set  150  may include a tool roller  158  and a support roller  160 . The tool roller  158  may include one or more separation knives and/or resilient members, similar or identical to tool roller  120  of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . Unlike tool roller  120 , however, tool roller  158  does not include transverse creasing tools in the illustrated embodiment. Rather, roller set  156  includes a tool roller  162  that includes one or more transverse creasing tools, similar to the creasing tools  132  on tool roller  120 . Roller set  156  also includes a support roller  164 . 
     Roller sets  152  is substantially similar to the previously described roller set that includes tool rollers  124 . For instance, the roller set  152  has similar tool rollers (and associated conversion tools) as tool roller  124 . In contrast, however, the arrangement of the tool rollers and support rollers in  FIG. 3  is distinct from that of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . By way of example, roller set  152  includes tool rollers  152   a ,  152   b ,  152   c ,  152   d . Rather than having a single support roller for all of the tool rollers  152   a ,  152   b ,  152   c ,  152   d , roller set  152  includes individual support rollers  155   a ,  155   b ,  155   c ,  155   d  that correspond to tool rollers  152   a ,  152   b ,  152   c ,  152   d . 
     Additionally, the positioning of the tool rollers  152   a ,  152   b ,  152   c ,  152   d  and the support rollers  155   a ,  155   b ,  155   c ,  155   d  is unique compared to the embodiment shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B . For instance, rather than having the tool rollers and the support rollers positioned on opposite side of the sheet material, some of the tool rollers  152   a ,  152   b ,  152   c ,  152   d  are positioned to be on one side of the sheet material and some are positioned to be on an opposite side thereof. Similarly, some of the support rollers  155   a ,  155   b ,  155   c ,  155   d  are positioned to be on one side of the sheet material and some are positioned to be on an opposite side thereof. 
     The roller set  154  is substantially similar to the previously described roller set that includes tool roller  128 . For instance, the roller set  154  has similar tool rollers (and associated conversion tools) as tool roller  128 . In contrast, however, the arrangement of the tool rollers and support rollers in  FIG. 3  is distinct from that of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . More particularly,  FIG. 3  illustrates tool rollers  154   a ,  154   b  being positioned so as to be below the sheet material and the support rollers  157   a ,  157   b  being positioned so as to be above the sheet material as the sheet material is advanced through the converting assembly  116 . In contrast, the tool roller  128  from  FIGS. 2A and 2B  are positioned to be above the sheet material and the associated support roller(s) below the sheet material. 
     As noted elsewhere herein, relative positional terms, such as “above” and “below,” are used merely for convenience and should not be limiting. Rather, “above” and “below” are used to simply refer to one element being positioned to one side or another of another element. Thus, for example, although the tool rollers  154   a ,  154   b  and the support rollers  157   a ,  157   b  are described as being positioned respectively “below” and “above” the sheet material, the machine may be inverted so that the tool rollers  154   a ,  154   b  and the support rollers  157   a ,  157   b  are positioned respectively “above” and “below” the sheet material. Generally, an element may be considered “above” or “below” a reference element (e.g., the sheet material) as long as the element is positioned to one side or another of the reference element, regardless of the orientation of the reference element (e.g., horizontal, vertical, diagonal, etc.). 
     As noted above, in addition to performing conversion functions of the sheet material to create packaging templates, the converting machine  116  may optionally include a print assembly  110  for printing on packaging templates, as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 4 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , the print assembly  110  may include print heads  170 ,  172  (although a single print head or more than two print heads are contemplated herein). 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the prints heads  170 ,  172  are offset from one another in the feed direction of the sheet material  104 . As a result, the sheet material  104  will begin passing print head  170  before the sheet material  104  begins passing print head  172 . As can be seen in  FIG. 4 , the print heads  170 ,  172  are arranged so that as a set the print heads  170 ,  172  are centered with the sheet material  104 . As a result, the print heads  170 ,  172  can, if desired, print on the sheet material  104  so that the printing is centered on the sheet material  104 . 
     In some embodiments, the print heads  170 ,  172  can be movable relative to one another and the sheet material  104 . For instances, the print heads  170 ,  172  may move closer to or further away from one another. In some embodiments, the movements of the print heads  170 ,  172  may be symmetrical about the centerline of the machine and/or the sheet material  104  (similar to the symmetrical movements of the tool rollers described above). Such symmetrical movement may allow the print heads  170 ,  172  to adjust for the size of packaging template that is being printed on. For instance, the print heads  170 ,  172  may move further apart to print on a larger packaging template and may move closer together to print on a smaller packaging temple. The offset positioning of the print heads  170 ,  172  may allow the print heads  170 ,  172  to move even closer together, even partially overlapping as shown in  FIG. 4 . 
     Attention is returned briefly to  FIG. 1 . As noted above, the sheet material  104  may be arranged into bales  102 . To form a bale  102  with the sheet material  104 , the sheet material  104  is, in this embodiment, folded back and forth on itself. Due to this folding pattern, the bales  102  are sometimes referred to as z-fold or fanfold bales. When forming a bale  102 , fanfold creases  180  are formed in the sheet material  104 . When the sheet material  104  is taken from the bale  102 , the fanfold creases  180  are unfolded. Unfortunately, however, the fanfold creases  180  can try to refold the sheet material  104 , which can cause problems when the sheet material  104  is advanced through the converting machine  116 . For instance, folding of the sheet material  104  at the fanfold creases  180  can cause the sheet material  104  to become jammed in the converting machine  116 . 
       FIGS. 5A and 5B  illustrate one mechanism for limiting or preventing the fanfold creases  108  from folding up the sheet material  104 .  FIGS. 5A and 5B  illustrate a cross-sectional view of the sheet material  104  (showing the width of the sheet material  104 ). As can be seen, the sheet material  104  is in an arched or bowed configuration. When the sheet material  104  is in such an arched or bowed configuration, any folds (including fanfold creases  180 ) that extend between the opposing sides of the sheet material  104  will be forced to unfold or prevented from folding up. As a result, the sheet material  104  will be less likely to get caught or jammed in the converting machine  116 . 
     In  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the sheet material  104  is arranged or held in the arched or bowed configuration by elements  182 ,  184 ,  186 . In the illustrated embodiment, elements  182 ,  186  engage a top surface of the sheet material  104  and element  184  engages a bottom surface of the sheet material  104 . As can be seen in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the placement of element  184  relative to elements  182 ,  186  causes the sheet material  104  to arch or bow as shown. For instance, the lower surfaces of elements  182 ,  186  and the upper surface of element  184  may be generally aligned with one another. By way of example, the upper surface of element  184  may be vertically offset lower than the lower surfaces of elements  182 ,  186  (e.g., the surfaces may be vertically spaced apart) by a dimension that is less than the thickness of sheet material  104 . In some embodiments, the upper surface of element  184  and the lower surfaces of elements  182 ,  186  may lie within the same vertical plane. In still other embodiments, the upper surface of element  184  may be vertically higher than the lower surfaces of elements  182 ,  186 . 
     Elements  182 ,  184 ,  186  may include guide rails, belts, roller wheels, or any other suitable mechanism for arching or bowing the sheet material  104  as described. While  FIGS. 5A and 5B  illustrate elements  182 ,  186  above sheet material  104  and element  184  below sheet material  104 , it will be appreciated that an inverse arrangement is contemplated, such that the sheet material  104  would arch or bow in the opposite direction. 
     Attention is now directed to  FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C , which illustrates other mechanisms for limiting or preventing folds (including the fanfold creases  180 ) from undesirably folding the sheet material  104 . The mechanisms shown in  FIGS. 6A, 6B , and  6 C may be used in combination with or separate from one another and/or the mechanism of  FIGS. 5A and 5B . 
     As can be seen in  FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C , the converting assembly  116  includes opposing drive belts  190 ,  191  that extend at least partially therethrough and between at least some of the tool rollers and/or the support rollers. The drive belts  190 ,  191  can assist with advancing the sheet material  104  through the converting assembly  116 . Additionally, the drive belts  190 ,  191  can engage the sheet material  104  to limit or prevent the sheet material  104  from folding up (e.g., at the fanfold creases  180 ) towards the drive belts  190 ,  191 . While illustrated embodiment includes two drive belts (e.g.,  190 ,  191 ), other embodiments may include a single drive belt (e.g., drive belt  190  or drive belt  191 ). Still other embodiments may include more than two drive belts. 
       FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C  also illustrate a series of brushes  192 ,  193 . The brushes  192 ,  193  can be positioned adjacent to tool roller  194  and/or support roller  195  so that the brushes engage the sheet material  104  directly after the sheet material  104  has passed by the tool roller  194  and/or support roller  195 . The brushes  192 ,  193  may act to limit or prevent the sheet material  104  from folding up, or even straighten out the sheet material  104  if it is folded. In some embodiments, the brushes  192 ,  193  limit or prevent the sheet material  104  from folding up long enough for the drive belt(s)  190 ,  191  and/or other drive belts to engage the sheet material  104  and limit or prevent the sheet material  104  from folding up. For example, the brushes  192 ,  193  may rotated in opposite direction (e.g., brushes  192  rotate counterclockwise and brushes  193  rotate clockwise in the illustrated embodiment shown in  FIG. 6B ), to prevent the sheet material  104  from folding in the direction of the brushes  192 ,  193 . The peripheral speed of the brushes (e.g., near the radial tips of the brushes  192 ,  193 ) may be at least as higher or higher than the feeding speed of the sheet material  104 . 
     A control system can control the operation of the converting machine. More specifically, the control system can control the feeding of the sheet material and the movement and/or placement of the various components of the converting machine. For instance, the control system can control the positioning of the tool rollers along the lengths of the axles or axis so that the conversion tools are positioned relative to the width of the sheet material in order to perform the conversion functions on the desired portion(s) of the sheet material. Additionally, the control system can control the rotation of the tool rollers in order to have the desired conversion tool(s) engage the sheet material at the desired location(s). In some embodiments, the control system also synchronizes the operations of the various components of the converting machines. For instance, the control system can control the feed speed of the sheet material and the rotation of the tool rollers so that the conversion tools perform the conversion functions at the desired location(s) on the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the synchronization performed by the control system is done between the times various conversion tools are engaged with the sheet material and/or the support roller(s). For instance, tool roller  120  may be rotated about the first axle or axis to disengage its conversion tools from the sheet material and/or the support roller  122 . While the conversion tools of the tool roller  120  are disengaged from the sheet material, the sheet material can be (or continue to be) advanced into or through the converting assembly. Based at least in part on the speed at which the sheet material is advancing, the control system can control when and in what direction to rotate the tool roller  120  so that a particular conversion tool thereon will engage the sheet material so that the particular tool engages the proper location on the sheet material. Similarly, the rotation of the tool rollers  128   a ,  128   b  on the third axle or about the third axis can be controlled to engage or disengage particular conversion tools with the sheet material based at least in part on the speed of the sheet material advancement. 
     The control system can coordinate the speed of the sheet material advancement and the rotation (direction and timing) of the tool rollers so that the desired conversion tools on the various tool rollers engage the sheet material at desired locations on the sheet material. To adjust the size of the packaging templates, the control system may increase or decrease the speed of the sheet material advancement (e.g., by adjusting the rotational speed of one or more of the support rollers or drive belts) and/or the timing of when the tool rollers are rotated into engagement with the sheet material. 
     Furthermore, the control system can control the transverse adjustments of the tool rollers along the lengths of their respective axles or axis. For instance, in the time between engagement with portions of the sheet material that will form successive packaging templates, the control system can cause the tool rollers to be repositioned along the lengths of their respective axles or axis. By way of example, referring to  FIG. 2A , after tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  have finished performing conversion functions on a packaging template and before beginning to perform conversion functions on a subsequent packaging template, the control system can cause the tool rollers  124   a ,  124   b ,  124   c ,  124   d  to be repositioned along the second axle or axis based on the dimensions of the subsequent packaging template. The control system can coordinate such adjustment so that it takes place between successive packaging templates. In some embodiments, the control system coordinates such adjustments at least partially based on the speed of the sheet material advancement and/or the timing of when previous conversion functions (e.g., performed by the tool roller  120 ) were performed. 
     It will be appreciated that the number, placement, and ordering of the conversion tools can vary from one embodiment to another. For instance, the conversion tools may vary based on the type or style of packaging template being formed. Furthermore, while the tool rollers and the support rollers have been illustrated as having generally circular cross-sections, such is merely exemplary. For instance, in some embodiments, one or more tool rollers and/or support rollers may have a non-circular cross-section, such as oval, square, etc. It will also be appreciated that the control system can synchronize the tool rollers and/or the sheet material advancement speed in order to adjust at least some of the dimensions of the packaging template without having to replace or reorder the conversion tools. 
     In some embodiments, a converting machine according to the present disclosure may include one or more sensors. The one or more sensors may detect the current positions or other operating parameters of the various components of the machine (e.g., tool rollers, conversion tools, sheet material, advancement mechanisms, etc.). The one or more sensors may communicate the detected information to the control system to enable the control system to effectively and accurately control the operation of the converting machine. 
     In light of the above, it will be understood that a converting assembly according to the present disclosure may include a plurality of roller sets. Each roller set may include one or more tool rollers with one or more conversion tools thereon. Each roller set may also include one or more support rollers opposite the tool rollers to support the sheet material as the conversion tools perform one or more conversion functions on the sheet material. It will also be understood that the order or arrangement of the roller sets and the conversion tools associated therewith may vary from one embodiment to the next. 
     It will also be understood that a converting assembly as disclosed herein may provide for symmetrical movement of tool rollers on common axles or axis. For example, if an axle or axis includes a set of tool rollers, the tool rollers may move symmetrically (e.g., equal distance in opposite directions) along the length of the axle or axis. As a result, the converting assembly can form packaging templates the are symmetrical across their lengths. 
     It will also be understood that a converting assembly as disclosed herein may provide for asymmetrical movement of tool rollers on common axles or axis. For example, if an axle or axis includes a set of tool rollers, the tool rollers may move asymmetrically (e.g., non-equal distances and/or in common directions) along the length of the axle or axis. As a result, the converting assembly can form packaging templates the are asymmetrical across their lengths. 
     A converting assembly as described herein may provide a variety of benefits and advantages over existing technologies. For instance, by providing conversion tools on different rollers, including rollers on different axles or axis, the speed at which the sheet material can be converted into packaging templates of different sizes can be dramatically increased. The increased speed can be achieved, at least in part, because some of the tool rollers can be repositioned or reoriented in preparation for performing certain conversion functions while the conversion tools on other tool rollers are performing conversion functions. In other words, the converting assemblies disclosed herein can run at a continuous or nearly continuous (and usually a higher) rate. In contrast, existing technologies require starts and stops during the conversion process in order to provide time to readjust the conversion tools. 
     Furthermore, the ability to adjust the position and/or orientation of the tool rollers “on the fly” enables the converting assemblies disclosed herein to be particularly useful when making templates of various sizes. As used herein, adjusting the position and/or orientation of the tool rollers “on the fly” includes adjusting the position or orientation of at least some of the tool rollers after they perform conversion functions to form a first packaging template and before they perform conversion function to form a second packaging template. As used herein, adjusting the position and/or orientation of the tool rollers “on the fly” can also include adjusting the position and/or orientation of at least some of the tool rollers while some of the other tool rollers are still performing conversion functions on the sheet material. Such on the fly adjustments can significantly increase the throughput of the converting assembly. Additionally, such on the fly adjustments can allow for packaging template batch sizes as small as a single packaging template to be formed without significantly or noticeably reducing the throughput of the converting assembly. 
     The noted benefits are particularly useful when packaging templates of various sizes are being made, rather than large batches of one size packaging temple. For instance, in the e-commerce field, the size of to-be-packaged items can vary from one order to the next. As a result, a converting machine that can rapidly adjust to the continuously changing requirements (e.g., sizes) for packaging templates can increase the speed at which orders can be processed (e.g., packaged and shipped). 
     In light of the disclosure herein, a converting assembly for performing a plurality of conversion functions on sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates may include a plurality of tool rollers. Each of the tool rollers may have one or more conversion tools thereon. The one or more conversion tools on an individual tool roller may be configured to perform a subset of the plurality of conversion functions that convert the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, at least some of the plurality of tool rollers are arranged in a series adjacent to one another such that the plurality of tool rollers engage the sheet material sequentially. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of tool rollers comprises a first tool roller on a first axle and at least two tool rollers on a second axle. The first tool roller may be selectively rotatable on or about the first axle to selectively engage the one or more conversion tools thereon with the sheet material. The at least two tool rollers on the second axle may be selectively rotatable on or about the second axle to selectively engage the one or more conversion tools on the at least two tool rollers with the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the first tool roller comprises one or more separation knives configured to transversely cut the sheet material into separate pieces that can be converted into separate packaging templates. The separate pieces may be arranged successively in a feeding direction of the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the first tool roller further comprises one or more transverse creasing tools configured to form transverse creases in the sheet material as part of the conversion of the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, the first tool roller comprises one or more transverse creasing tools configured to form transverse creases in the sheet material as part of the conversion of the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers on the second axle comprise first and second tool rollers. Each of the first and second tool rollers comprises a longitudinal creasing tool configured to form a longitudinal crease in the sheet material as part of the conversion of the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, the first and second tool rollers are configured to be selectively moved along a length of the second axle. 
     In some embodiments, the first and second tool rollers are configured to move symmetrically along the length of the second axle about a centerline of the converting assembly. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers on the second axle comprises third and fourth tool rollers. Each of the third and fourth tool rollers comprises a side trim knife configured to trim off excess side trim from the sheet material as part of the conversion of the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, the third and fourth tool rollers are configured to be selectively moved along the length of the second axle. 
     In some embodiments, the third and fourth tool rollers are configured to move symmetrically along the length of the second axle about a centerline of the converting assembly. 
     In some embodiments, each of the third and fourth tool rollers comprises one or more additional knives that are configured to cut the excess side trim from the sheet material into smaller pieces. 
     In some embodiments, an attraction element is included and that is configured to attract the smaller pieces of cut side trim to a desired area. 
     In some embodiments, the plurality of tool rollers comprises at least two tool rollers on a third axle. The at least two tool rollers on the third axle are selectively rotatable on or about the third axle to selectively engage the one or more conversion tools on the at least two tool rollers on the third axle with the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers on the third axle comprise first and second tool rollers on the third axle. Each of the first and second tool rollers on the third axle comprises one or more flap knives configured to form cuts in the sheet material to at least partially define flaps in the packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers on the third axle comprise first and second tool rollers on the third axle. Each of the first and second tool rollers on the third axle comprises one or more longitudinal knives configured to form longitudinal cuts in the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers on the third axle are configured to be selectively moved along a length of the third axle. 
     In some embodiments, the at least two tool rollers are configured to move symmetrically along the length of the third axle about a centerline of the converting assembly. 
     In some embodiments, one or more resilient members are positioned adjacent to one or more of the one or more conversion tools. 
     In some embodiments, a drive belt is provided to assist with advancing the sheet material through the converting assembly. 
     In some embodiments, the drive belt is configured to limit or prevent the sheet material from folding up or down as the sheet material advances through the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, one or more brushes are positioned adjacent to at least one of the tool rollers. The one or more brushes are configured to limit or prevent the sheet material from folding up or down after the sheet material passes by the at least one of the tool rollers. 
     In some embodiments, one or more support rollers are provided. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more support rollers comprise a single support roller positioned opposite the plurality of tool rollers. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more support rollers comprise a support roller positioned opposite to each of the plurality of tool rollers. 
     In some embodiments, for at least one of the one or more conversion tools, only a portion of the at least one conversion tool is used to perform a conversion function for a packaging template having a first size and all of the at least one conversion tool is used to perform a conversion function for a packaging template having a second size. 
     In some embodiments, one or more of the tool rollers are configured to have their conversion tools disengaged from the sheet material and repositioned or reoriented while one or more of the other tool rollers are performing conversion functions on the sheet material. 
     In another embodiment, a converting machine for converting sheet material into packaging templates includes a feed changer and a converting assembly. The feed changer is configured to selectively feed sheet materials having different characteristics into the converting machine. The converting assembly is configured to perform a plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates. The converting assembly includes at least first and second roller sets. The first roller set comprises a first tool roller on a first axle or axis. The first tool roller comprises one or more transverse conversion tools thereon and is selectively rotatable on or about the first axle or axis to selectively engage the one or more transverse conversion tools thereon with the sheet material. The second roller set comprises at least first and second tool rollers on a second axle or axis. Each of the first and second tool rollers on the second axle or axis comprises one or more transverse conversion tools and/or one or more longitudinal conversion tools thereon. The first and second tool rollers are selectively rotatable on or about the second axle or axis to selectively engage the one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools thereon with the sheet material. The first and second tool rollers are selectively movable along a length of the second axle or axis to reposition the one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools relative to the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the second roller set further comprises third and fourth tool rollers on the second axle. Each of the third and fourth tool rollers comprises one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools. 
     In some embodiments, the converting assembly further comprises a third roller set having at least first and second tool rollers on a third axle or axis. Each of the first and second tool rollers on the third axle or axis has one or more transverse conversion tools and/or the one or more longitudinal conversion tools. 
     In some embodiments, the movements of the first and second tool rollers are symmetrical about a centerline of the converting assembly. 
     In some embodiments, the feed changer is configured to change which sheet material is fed into the converting machine even while the converting assembly completes the conversion functions on a previous packaging template. 
     In some embodiments, an advancement mechanism is configured to advance the sheet material through the converting machine. 
     In some embodiments, the advancement mechanism comprises one or more support rollers positioned opposite to the tool roller. 
     In some embodiments, the advancement mechanism comprises one or more drive belts. 
     In some embodiments, a control system is configured to synchronize the movements of the tool rollers and a speed at which the advancement mechanism advances the sheet material through the converting machine. 
     In some embodiments, the control system is configured to rotate the tool rollers to engage the conversion tools with predetermined portions of the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the control system is configured to rotate the tool rollers to engage the conversion tools with predetermined portions of the sheet material at least partially based on the advancement speed of the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, the control system is configured to cause the first and second tool rollers on the second axle or axis to be repositioned along the length of the second axle or axis after performing conversion functions to form a first packaging template and prior to performing conversion function to form a second packaging template. 
     In some embodiments, a mechanism is provided for preventing the sheet material from undesirably folding. 
     In some embodiments, the mechanism for preventing the sheet material from undesirably folding comprises a plurality of retention elements arranged and configured to hold the sheet material in a bow or arch shape. 
     In some embodiments, holding the sheet material in a bow or arch shape is configured to keep the sheet material straight in a direction perpendicular to a curvature of the bow or arch, even when the sheet material includes fanfold creased therein. 
     In some embodiments, the direction perpendicular to a curvature of the bow or arch is parallel to a feed direction of the sheet material through the converting machine. 
     In some embodiments, the mechanism for preventing the sheet material from undesirably folding comprises one or more rotatable brushes that engages the sheet material and rotates to prevent the sheet material from folding, or even straighten it out if already folded. 
     According to another embodiment, a method for performing a plurality of conversion functions on sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates includes performing a first subset of conversion functions of the plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material with one or more tool rollers on a first axle or axis and performing a second subset of conversion functions of the plurality of conversion functions on the sheet material with one or more tool rollers on a second axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, performing a first subset of conversion functions comprises performing a single conversion function on the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, performing a single conversion function comprises cutting the sheet material into separate pieces for use in making separate packaging templates. The separate pieces are arranged successively in a feeding direction of the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, performing a first subset of conversion functions comprises performing first and second conversion functions on the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, performing the first and second conversion functions comprising performing a separation cut and one or more transverse creases in the sheet material. 
     In some embodiments, performing a second subset of conversion functions on the sheet material comprises forming one or more longitudinal creases in the sheet material with a set of tool rollers on the second axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, performing a second subset of conversion functions on the sheet material comprises cutting side trim from the sheet material with a second set of tool rollers on the second axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, the method also includes performing a third subset of conversion functions on the sheet material with one or more tool rollers on a third axle or axis. 
     In some embodiments, performing a third subset of conversion functions comprises forming one or more transverse cuts in the sheet material with a set of tool rollers on the third axle or axis. The one or more transverse cuts at least partially define one or more flaps of the packaging template. 
     In some embodiments, performing a third subset of conversion functions further comprises forming one or more longitudinal cuts in the sheet material with a set of tool rollers on the third axle or axis. The one or more longitudinal cuts at least partially define a glue flap of the packaging template. 
     In some embodiments, the method also includes advancing the sheet material at a generally constant speed while performing the plurality of conversion functions on sheet material to convert the sheet material into packaging templates. 
     In some embodiments, performing a second subset of conversion functions comprises adjusting the positions of a set of tool rollers along a length of the second axle or axis of a set of tool rollers. 
     In some embodiments, adjusting the positions of a set of tool rollers comprises symmetrically moving the tool rollers along the length of the second axle or axis. 
     The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.