Patent Publication Number: US-8976642-B2

Title: Decoding device, decoding method, and program

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     The present technology relates to a decoding device, a decoding method, and a program. Especially, the present technology relates to a decoding device, a decoding method, and a program that can reduce an operation amount in inverse orthogonal transform with respect to a frequency signal including a narrowband signal and a wideband signal. 
     In the related art, there is an encoding device that transforms a time signal of a sound or the like into a frequency signal and quantizes the frequency signal so as to encode and transmit the signal. Further, there is a decoding device that decodes encoded data which is transmitted by such encoding device and inversely quantizes the data so as to transform the resulting frequency signal into a time signal. 
     In such decoding device, inverse orthogonal transforms such as inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT), inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT), and inverse modified discrete cosine transform (IMDCT) are often used as the transform of a frequency signal into a time signal (referred to below as frequency-time transform). 
     On the other hand, there is a radio communication device that is provided with a fast Fourier transform (FFT) having a predetermined demodulation property and an FFT which has an inferior demodulation property but exhibits low power consumption and that switches and uses these FFTs so as to suppress power consumption (For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2008-258992). 
     SUMMARY 
     In inverse orthogonal transform which is used in the frequency-time transform described above, a matrix operation using spectra of respective divided bands constituting a frequency signal, as elements is performed commonly by fast algorithm (fast operation method). Accordingly, when the frequency signal is a wideband signal, an operation amount can be reduced compared to when a direct matrix operation is performed. 
     However, when the frequency signal is a narrowband signal, a signal of a divided band which is larger than or equal to a predetermined band becomes a zero signal. Therefore, a redundant operation is performed, and thus the operation amount is increased compared to a case where a direct matrix operation is performed. 
     It is desirable to enable reduction of an operation amount in inverse orthogonal transform with respect to a frequency signal which includes a narrowband signal and a wideband signal. 
     According to an embodiment of the present technology, there is provided a decoding device that includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire a first frequency signal including a narrowband signal and a wideband signal, a direct inverse orthogonal transform unit configured to perform a direct matrix operation with respect to the narrowband signal of the first frequency signal so as to perform inverse orthogonal transform, and a high-speed inverse orthogonal transform unit configured to perform inverse orthogonal transform employing a high-speed operation method with respect to the wideband signal of the first frequency signal. 
     A decoding method and a program according to embodiments of the present technology correspond to the decoding device of the above-described embodiment. 
     According to the embodiments, a first frequency signal including a narrowband signal and a wideband signal is acquired, a direct matrix operation is performed with respect to the narrowband signal of the first frequency signal so as to perform inverse orthogonal transform, and inverse orthogonal transform employing a high-speed operation method is performed with respect to the wideband signal of the first frequency signal. 
     The decoding device according to the embodiment may be an independent device or an internal block constituting one device. 
     According to the embodiments of the present technology, an operation amount in inverse orthogonal transform with respect to a frequency signal including a narrowband signal and a wideband signal can be reduced. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according to an embodiment of the present technology; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a configuration example of encoded data transmitted to the decoding device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an operation amount in DCT-IV in high-speed IMDCT performed by an F/T converter in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an operation amount in DCT-IV in direct IMDCT performed by an FIT converter in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a graph showing the operation numbers in DCT-IV in high-speed IMDCT and direct IMDCT; 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according to another embodiment of the present technology; 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a configuration example of encoded data transmitted to the decoding device of  FIG. 7 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device of  FIG. 7 ; 
         FIG. 10  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according to still another embodiment of the present technology; 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a configuration example of encoded data transmitted to the decoding device of  FIG. 10 ; 
         FIG. 12  illustrates a using method of concealment data; 
         FIG. 13  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device of  FIG. 10 ; and 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a configuration example of an embodiment of a computer. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiment 
     [Configuration Example of Decoding Device According to an Embodiment] 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according to an embodiment of the present technology. 
     A decoding device  10  of  FIG. 1  includes a DEMUX  11 , a decoder  12 , an inverse quantizer  13 , a switch  14 , an F/T converter  15 , an F/T converter  16 , an output unit  17 , and a controller  18 . The decoding device  10  decodes encoded data transmitted from an encoding device which is not shown. This encoded data is obtained by transforming a low frequency effect (LFE) signal such as a subwoofer signal serving as a narrowband signal and a common audio signal serving as a wideband signal into frequency signals from time signals, and quantizing, encoding, and multiplexing the frequency signals. 
     The DEMUX  11  (acquisition unit) of the decoding device  10  acquires the encoded data and inversely multiplexes the encoded data. Thus, the DEMUX  11  extracts the frequency signal of the LFE signal which is quantized and encoded, the frequency signal of the common audio signal which is quantized and encoded, and the like so as to supply the frequency signals to the decoder  12 . Further, the DEMUX  11  extracts a LFE flag which expresses whether an encoding result of the LFE signal is included in the encoded data and supplies the LFE flag to the controller  18  and the output unit  17 . 
     The decoder  12  decodes the frequency signal of the LFE signal which is quantized and encoded and is supplied from the DEMUX  11  and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the LFE signal which is quantized to the inverse quantizer  13 . Further, the decoder  12  decodes the frequency signal of the common audio signal which is quantized and encoded and is supplied from the DEMUX  11  and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the common audio signal which is quantized to the inverse quantizer  13 . 
     The inverse quantizer  13  inversely quantizes the frequency signal of the LFE signal which is quantized and is supplied from the decoder  12  and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the LFE signal to the switch  14 . Further, the inverse quantizer  13  inversely quantizes the frequency signal of the common audio signal which is quantized and is supplied from the decoder  12  and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the common audio signal to the switch  14 . 
     The switch  14  (selecting unit) selects the frequency signal of the common audio signal among the frequency signals which are supplied from the inverse quantizer  13 , based on an instruction supplied from the controller  18  and supplies the frequency signal of the common audio signal to the FIT converter  15 . Further, the switch  14  selects the frequency signal of the LFE signal among the frequency signals which are supplied from the inverse quantizer  13 , based on an instruction supplied from the controller  18  and supplies the frequency signal of the LFE signal to the FIT converter  16 . 
     The F/T converter  15  (high-speed inverse orthogonal transform unit) performs high-speed IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the common audio signal supplied from the switch  14  so as to obtain the common audio signal which is a time signal and supply the common audio signal to the output unit  17 . Here, the high-speed IMDCT represents transform employing a high-speed operation method in DCT-IV in IMDCT. 
     The F/T converter  16  (direct inverse orthogonal transform unit) performs direct IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the LFE signal supplied from the switch  14  so as to obtain the LFE signal which is a time signal and supply the LFE signal to the output unit  17 . Here, the direct IMDCT represents transform in which a direct matrix operation is performed without using the high-speed operation method in DCT-IV in IMDCT. There is no significant difference between transforming capability of the high-speed IMDCT and transforming capability of the direct IMDCT. 
     The output unit  17  (output unit) generates a zero signal and outputs the zero signal as the LFE signal, or outputs the LFE signal supplied from the F/T converter  16  depending on a control of the controller  18 . Further, the output unit  17  outputs the common audio signal supplied from the F/T converter  15 . 
     The controller  18  instructs the switch  14  to select either the F/T converter  15  or the F/T converter  16  based on a decoding object. Further, the controller  18  controls an output of the output unit  17  based on the LFE flag supplied from the DEMUX  11 . 
     [Configuration Example of Decoded Data] 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a configuration example of the encoded data transmitted to the decoding device  10  of  FIG. 1 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , a header, front LR (F-L,R), CENTER, LFE flag, LFE, and rear LR (R-L,R) are arranged from the head in this order in the encoded data. 
     The front LR is encoding results of common audio signals of two channels for the front right and the front left, and the encoding results of the two channels are arranged as one audio block. The CENTER is an encoding result of a common audio signal of one channel for the center, and the encoding result of the one channel is arranged as one audio block. 
     The LFE flag becomes 1 when LFE is included in the encoded data and becomes 0 when the LFE is not included. The LFE is an encoding result of a LFE signal, and the encoding result is arranged as an audio block depending on necessity. The rear LR is encoding results of common audio signals of two channels for the rear right and the rear left, and the encoding results of the two channels are arranged as one audio block. 
     Here, a block ID, which is different for every kind of signals constituting the audio block, is added to each of the audio blocks. Namely, different block IDs are added to respective audio blocks of the front LR, the CENTER, the LFE, and the rear LR respectively. In this example, block IDs “1”, “2”, “3”, and “4” are respectively added to the audio blocks of the front LR, the CENTER, the LFE, and the rear LR. 
     [Description of Operation Amount in High-Speed IMDCT and Direct IMDCT] 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an operation amount in DCT-IV in the high-speed IMDCT performed by the F/T converter  15  of  FIG. 1 , and  FIG. 4  illustrates an operation amount in DCT-IV in the direct IMDCT performed by the F/T converter  16  of  FIG. 1 . 
     DCT-IV in IMDCT is first described. 
     IMDCT indicates transform which is performed while duplicating blocks by making the number of taps twice as large as the division number, and can reduce distortion between the blocks. In DCT-IV in IMDCT, multiplication is performed with respect to the frequency signal which is an input signal, as shown in the following Formula 1. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
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     In Formula 1, N denotes the number of band divisions of the frequency signal which is an input signal, and X N  denotes a spectrum of the n-th division band. C N   4  denotes a transform matrix of DCT-IV, and y N  denotes a signal of the spectrum of the n-th division band after transform. 
     In the high-speed IMDCT with respect to the common audio signal by the F/T converter  15 , a high-speed operation method is employed as an operation method of such DCT-IV. Several methods are proposed as the high-speed operation method, including Wang algorithm as one of the methods. The Wang algorithm realizes speed-up of the operation by decomposing a DCT matrix into a sparse matrix which includes large number of zero elements.  FIG. 3  shows the operation amount of DCT-IV when the Wang algorithm is employed. 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 3 , the number of times of multiplication DCT-IV is N(log 2 N+1), and the number of times of addition is N(3 log 2 N−1)/2. The number of times of reading which is the number of reading out a spectrum X N  from a built-in memory which is not shown is N log 2 N, and the number of times of evacuation which is the number of evacuating an intermediate result to the built-in memory which is not shown is N log 2 N. 
     Accordingly, when N is 256(log 2 N=8), for example, the number of times of multiplication becomes 2304, the number of times of addition becomes 244, and the number of times of reading and the number of times of evacuation become 2048. 
     On the other hand, the LFE signal is commonly a signal having an ultralow frequency about 0 Hz to 120 Hz. Accordingly, as shown in the following Formula 2, the number of spectra X N  in a valid band, that is, the number of valid division bands becomes M (M&lt;N), and the spectra X N  in other division bands of M−N pieces becomes 0.
 
X=[X 1 ,X 2 , . . . X M ,0, . . . ,0] T   (2)
 
     For example, when the frequency of the common audio signal is 48 kHz, an available band of the common audio signal is 24 kHz. Therefore, if the number of band divisions is 256, the number of spectra of the LFE signal of 120 Hz becomes 1.28 (=120×256/24000), and thus M has a value sufficiently smaller than the value of N. 
     In the direct IMDCT with respect to the LFE signal performed by the F/T converter  16 , the high-speed operation method is not employed as the operation method of DCT-IV, but the direct matrix operation is performed by employing the following Formula 3. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
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     In Formula 3, C 11  to C NN  denote respective elements of a transform matrix C N   4 , that is, transform coefficients. 
     According to Formula 3, spectra X M+1  to X N  which are the M+1th and later division bands are all 0, so that no operation has to be performed with respect to the spectra X M+1  to X N . Accordingly, the operation amount in DCT-IV in the direct IMDCT with respect to the LFE signal becomes as shown in  FIG. 4 . 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 4 , the numbers of times of multiplication, addition, and reading in DCT-IV are N×M, and the number of times of evacuation is N. 
       FIG. 5  is a graph showing the number of operations in DCT-IV in the high-speed IMDCT when the number of band divisions is 256 and the number of operations in DCT-IV in the direct IMDCT. 
     In  FIG. 5 , the number of operations indicates the number obtained by adding the number of times of multiplication, the number of times of addition, the number of times of reading, and the number of times of evacuation. Further, in  FIG. 5 , the horizontal axis represents the number of valid elements in the matrix operation of DCT-IV, that is, the number M of valid spectra X N , and the vertical axis represents the number of operations. Furthermore, in  FIG. 5 , a solid line denotes the number of operations in DCT-IV in the high-speed IMDCT and a dashed line denotes the number of operations in DCT-IV in the direct IMDCT. 
     According to the graph shown in  FIG. 5 , when M is equal to less than 11, the number of operations in DCT-IV in the direct IMDCT is lower than the number of operations in DCT-IV in the high-speed IMDCT. That is, when M is equal to or less than 11, the operation amount in performing the direct IMDCT with respect to a frequency signal is smaller than that in performing the high-speed IMDCT. 
     Thus, when M is sufficiently small, the operation amount in performing the direct IMDCT with respect to a frequency signal is smaller than that in performing the high-speed IMDCT. Accordingly, in the decoding device  10 , the F/T converter  15  performs the high-speed IMDCT with respect to a common audio signal, and the F/T converter  16  performs the direct IMDCT with respect to a LFE signal of which M is sufficiently small. As a result, the operation amount of the frequency-time transform can be reduced and the power consumption can be reduced. 
     [Description of Processing of Decoding Device] 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device  10  of  FIG. 1 . The decoding processing is started when encoded data is inputted into the decoding device  10 , for example. 
     In step S 11 , the controller  18  sets an objective block ID iblk, which is a block ID of an audio block which is an object of the processing, in the encoded data to be 0. 
     In step S 12 , the DEMUX  11  determines whether the objective block ID iblk is block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE, that is, whether the objective block ID iblk is 2. When it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is not the block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE in step S 12 , the processing goes to step S 14 . 
     On the other hand, when it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is the block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE in step S 12 , the controller  18  determines whether the LFE flag supplied from the DEMUX  11  is 1 in step S 13 . This LFE flag is obtained by inversely multiplexing the encoded data by the DEMUX  11 . 
     When it is determined that the LFE flag is 1 in step S 13 , that is, when an encoding result of the LFE is included in the encoded data, the controller  18  instructs the output unit  17  to output a time signal from the F/T converter  16 . Then, the processing goes to step S 14 . 
     In step S 14 , the DEMUX  11  inversely multiplexes the encoded data, extracts an audio block of the objective block ID iblk, and supplies the extracted audio block to the decoder  12 . 
     In step S 15 , the decoder  12  decodes the audio block supplied from the DEMUX  11  and supplies the resulting frequency signal which is quantized to the inverse quantizer  13 . 
     In step S 16 , the inverse quantizer  13  inversely quantizes the frequency signal which is quantized and is supplied from the decoder  12  and supplies the resulting frequency signal to the switch  14 . 
     In step S 17 , the controller  18  determines whether the objective block ID iblk is the block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE. When it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is not the block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE in step S 17 , the controller  18  instructs the switch  14  to select the F/T converter  15 . The switch  14  supplies the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  13 , that is, a frequency signal corresponding to front LR, CENTER, or rear LR, to the F/T converter  15 , in response to the instruction. 
     In step S 18 , the F/T converter  15  performs the high-speed IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal supplied from the switch  14  and outputs the resulting time signal via the output unit  17 . Then, the processing goes to step S 21 . 
     On the other hand, when it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is the block ID iblk_lfe of the LFE in step S 17 , the controller  18  instructs the switch  14  to select the F/T converter  16 . The switch  14  supplies the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  13 , that is, the frequency signal of the LFE signal to the F/T converter  16  in response to the instruction. 
     In step S 19 , the F/T converter  16  performs the direct IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the LFE supplied from the switch  14  and outputs the resulting time signal via the output unit  17 . Then, the processing goes to step S 21 . 
     On the other hand, when it is determined that the LFE flag is not 1 in step S 13 , that is, when the audio block of the LFE is not included in the encoded data, the controller  18  instructs the output unit  17  to output a zero signal. Then, the processing goes to step S 20 . 
     In step S 20 , the output unit  17  generates a zero signal in response to the instruction of the controller  18  and outputs the zero signal as the LFE signal. Then, the processing goes to step S 21 . 
     In step S 21 , the DEMUX  11  increments the objective block ID iblk by 1, and the processing goes to step S 22 . 
     In step S 22 , the DEMUX  11  determines whether the objective block ID iblk is a total number nblks of kinds of audio blocks, that is, whether the objective block ID iblk is 4. When it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is not the total number nblks in step S 22 , the processing returns to step S 12  and processing of steps S 12  to S 22  is repeated until the objective block ID iblk becomes the total number nblks. 
     When it is determined that the objective block ID iblk is the total number nblks in step S 22 , that is, when all audio blocks are the object of the processing, the processing is ended. 
     Another Embodiment 
     [Configuration Example of Decoding Device According to Another Embodiment] 
       FIG. 7  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according another embodiment of the present technology. 
     In the configuration shown in  FIG. 7 , elements same as those of the configuration of  FIG. 1  are given the same reference numerals. Redundant description is arbitrarily omitted. 
     A decoding device  30  shown in  FIG. 7  has the configuration different from that of  FIG. 1  in the way that the decoding device  30  includes a DEMUX  31  and a controller  32  instead respectively of the DEMUX  11  and the controller  18  and does not include the output unit  17 . The decoding device  30  decodes encoded data which does not include a LFE flag but constantly includes an encoding result of LFE. 
     Specifically, in the decoding device  30 , the DEMUX  31  acquires encoded data and inversely multiplexes the encoded data. Accordingly, the DEMUX  31  extracts audio blocks of front LR, CENTER, and rear LR which are frequency signals of a common audio signal which is quantized and encoded and supplies the audio blocks to the decoder  12 . Further, the DEMUX  31  extracts an audio block of LFE which is a frequency signal of a LFE signal which is quantized and encoded and supplies the audio block to the decoder  12 . 
     The controller  32  instructs the switch  14  to select either F/T converter  15  or the F/T converter  16  based on a decoding object. 
     [Configuration Example of Coded Data] 
       FIG. 8  illustrates a configuration example of the encoded data transmitted to the decoding device  30  of  FIG. 7 . 
     In the encoded data of  FIG. 8 , a header, front LR, CENTER, LFE, and rear LR are arranged from the head in this order. In the encoded data of  FIG. 8 , the audio block of the LFE is constantly arranged, being different from the encoded data of  FIG. 2 . Accordingly, a LFE flag is not arranged in the encoded data of  FIG. 8 . 
     [Description of Processing of Decoding Device] 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device  30  of  FIG. 7 . This decoding processing is started when encoded data is inputted into the decoding device  30 , for example. 
     The decoding processing of  FIG. 9  is processing which does not include steps S 12 , S 13 , and S 20  of the decoding processing of  FIG. 6 . That is, processing from step S 31  to step S 39  of  FIG. 9  are same as steps S 11 , S 14  to S 19 , S 21 , and S 22  of  FIG. 6 . Therefore, the description thereof is omitted. 
     Here, in the embodiments described first and second, a supply destination of the switch  14  is changed based on the block ID of a decoding object. However, the supply destination of the switch  14  may be changed based on an arrangement order of respective audio blocks in the encoded data. In this case, when LFE is included and the third audio block from the head of the encoded data is the decoding object, the F/T converter  16  is selected as the supply destination, and when other audio blocks are the decoding object, the F/T converter  15  is selected as the supply destination. 
     Still Another Embodiment 
     [Configuration Example of Decoding Device of Still Another Embodiment] 
       FIG. 10  is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a decoding device according to still another embodiment of the present technology. 
     A decoding device  50  of  FIG. 10  includes a DEMUX  51 , a decoder  52 , an inverse quantizer  53 , a switch  54 , a F/T converter  55 , a F/T converter  56 , and a memory  57 . The decoding device  50  decodes encoded data including actual data which is an encoding result of an original audio signal and concealment data which is an encoding result of a concealment signal which is used instead of the original audio signal when an error caused by a transmission channel or the like occurs in the actual data. Here, as the concealment signal, a signal of a band narrower than that of the original audio signal is used. 
     In the decoding device  50 , the DEMUX  51  acquires encoded data and inversely multiples the encoded data. Accordingly, the DEMUX  51  extracts actual data and concealment data. Then, when no error occurs in inverse multiplexing, the DEMUX  51  supplies the actual data and the concealment data respectively to the decoder  52  and the memory  57 . Further, the DEMUX  51  supplies an error flag showing whether an error occurs to the decoder  52  depending on presence/absence of an occurrence of an error in inverse multiplexing. 
     When the error flag from the DEMUX  51  shows that no error occurs, the decoder  52  decodes the actual data supplied from the DEMUR  51 . When no error occurs in decoding, the decoder  52  supplies a frequency signal of an original audio signal which is quantized and obtained as a result of encoding to the inverse quantizer  53 , and instructs the memory  57  to record the concealment data. 
     On the other hand, when the error flag from the DEMUX  51  shows that an error occurs, or when an error occurs in decoding the actual data, the decoder  52  reads out the concealment data from the memory  57 . Then, the decoder  52  decodes the concealment data and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the concealment signal which is quantized to the inverse quantizer  53 . Further, the decoder  52  supplies an error flag to the switch  54  based on the presence/absence of an error in decoding and the error flag supplied from the DEMUX  51 . 
     The inverse quantizer  53  inversely quantizes the frequency signal of the original audio signal or the frequency signal of the concealment signal which are quantized and supplied from the decoder  52 , and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the original audio signal or the concealment signal to the switch  54 . 
     When an error flag showing no occurrence of an error is supplied from the decoder  52 , the switch  54  supplies the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  53  to the F/T converter  55 . That is, when the frequency signal of the original audio signal is supplied from the inverse quantizer  53 , the frequency signal is supplied to the F/T converter  55 . 
     On the other hand, when an error flag showing an occurrence of an error is supplied from the decoder  52 , the switch  54  supplies the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  53  to the F/T converter  56 . That is, when the frequency signal of the concealment signal is supplied from the inverse quantizer  53 , the frequency signal is supplied to the F/T converter  56 . 
     The F/T converter  55  performs high-speed IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the original audio signal which is supplied from the switch  54  so as to obtain the original audio signal which is a time signal and output the original audio signal. 
     The F/T converter  56  performs direct IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the concealment signal which is supplied from the switch  54  so as to obtain the concealment signal which is a time signal and output the concealment signal. 
     The memory  57  records the concealment data supplied from the DEMUX  51  in response to the instruction of the encoder  52 . 
     [Configuration Example of Encoded Data] 
       FIG. 11  illustrates a configuration example of the encoded data transmitted to the decoding device  50  of  FIG. 10 . 
     In the encoded data of  FIG. 11 , a header, actual data, and concealment data of each frame are arranged from the head in this order. The concealment data of each frame is an encoding result of a frequency signal of a narrow band of actual data of the frame, for example. Actual data and concealment data included in the same encoded data correspond to different frames respectively. Specifically, encoded data of a certain frame includes actual data of the frame and concealment data of the following frame. 
     [Description of Using Method of Concealment Data] 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a using method of concealment data. 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , encoded data [n−1] which is encoded data of the n−1th frame includes actual data [n−1] which is actual data of the n−1th frame and concealment data [n] which is concealment data of the nth frame. 
     In the same manner, encoded data [n] which is encoded data of the nth frame includes actual data [n] which is actual data of the nth frame and concealment data [n+1] which is concealment data of the n+1th frame. Encoded data [n+1] which is encoded data of the n+1th frame includes actual data [n+1] which is actual data of the n+1th frame and concealment data [n+2] which is concealment data of the n+2th frame. 
     Here, when no error occurs in the encoded data of the n−1th frame and an error occurs in the encoded data of the nth frame, the decoder  52  decodes the concealment data [n] which is included in the encoded data of the n−1th frame, which is one frame before the encoded data of the nth frame, instead of the actual data [n]. As a result, loss and damage of the actual data can be concealed and sound interruption can be prevented. 
     Further, actual data and concealment data of different frames are included in the same encoded data, so that simultaneous loss of actual data and concealment data of the same frame can be prevented. 
     [Description of Processing of Decoding Device] 
       FIG. 13  is a flowchart of decoding processing performed by the decoding device  50  of  FIG. 10 . The decoding processing is started when encoded data is inputted into the decoding device  50 , for example. 
     In step S 51 , the DEMUX  51  inversely multiplexes the encoded data. Accordingly, the DEMUX  51  extracts actual data and concealment data. 
     In step S 52 , the DEMUX  51  determines whether an error occurs in inverse multiplexing. When it is determined that no error occurs in inverse multiplexing in step S 52 , the decoder  52  decodes actual data supplied from the DEMUX  51  in step S 53 . 
     In step S 54 , the decoder  52  determines whether an error occurs in decoding. When it is determined that no error occurs in decoding in step S 54 , the decoder  52  instructs the memory  57  to record the concealment data. 
     In step S 55 , the memory  57  records the concealment data supplied from the DEMUX  51  in response to the instruction of the decoder  52 . 
     In step S 56 , the decoder  52  sets an error flag (errFlag) to be 0 which expresses no occurrence of an error and supplies the error flag to the switch  54 . Then, the processing goes to step S 61 . 
     On the other hand, when it is determined that an error occurs in inverse multiplexing in step S 52 , the DEMUX  51  sets the error flag to be 1 which expresses an occurrence of an error and supplies the error flag to the decoder  52  in step S 57 . Then, the processing goes to step S 58 . 
     Further, when it is determined that an error occurs in decoding in step S 54 , the processing goes to step S 58 . 
     In step S 58 , the decoder  52  reads out the concealment data from the memory  57 . In step S 59 , the decoder  52  decodes the concealment data read out from the memory  57  and supplies the frequency signal of the concealment signal which is quantized to the inverse quantizer  53 . 
     In step S 60 , the decoder  52  sets the error flag to be 1 and supplies the error flag to the switch  54 . Then, the processing goes to step S 61 . 
     Step S 61 , the inverse quantizer  53  inversely quantizes a frequency signal of an original audio signal or a frequency signal of the concealment signal which are quantized and supplied from the decoder  52  and supplies the resulting frequency signal of the original audio signal or the resulting frequency signal of the concealment signal to the switch  54 . 
     In step S 62 , the switch  54  determines whether the error flag supplied from the decoder  52  is 1. When it is determined that the error flag is not 1 in step S 62 , that is, when the error flag is 0, the switch  54  supplies the frequency signal of the original audio signal which is the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  53  to the F/T converter  55 . Then, the processing goes to step S 63 . 
     In step S 63 , the F/T converter  55  performs high-speed IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the original audio signal which is supplied from the switch  54  and outputs the resulting time signal. Then, the processing is ended. 
     On the other hand, when it is determined that the error flag is 1 in step S 62 , that is, when an error occurs in at least one of the DEMUX  51  and the decoder  52 , the switch  54  supplies the frequency signal of the concealment signal which is the frequency signal supplied from the inverse quantizer  53  to the F/T converter  56 . 
     Then, in step S 64 , the F/T converter  56  performs direct IMDCT with respect to the frequency signal of the concealment signal supplied from the switch  54  and outputs the resulting time signal. Then, the processing is ended. 
     Yet Another Embodiment 
     [Description of Computer to which Embodiments of the Present Technology are Applied] 
     The series of the processing described above may be performed either by hardware or software. In a case where the series of processing is performed by software, a program constituting the software is installed into a general-purpose computer or the like. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates a configuration example of an embodiment of a computer on which a program which performs the above-described series of processing is installed. 
     The program can be preliminarily stored in a storage unit  208  or a read only memory (ROM)  202  which serves as a storage medium built in the computer. 
     Alternatively, the program can be stored (recorded) in a removable medium  211 . Such the removable medium  211  can be provided as so-called packaged software. Here, examples of the removable medium  211  include a flexible disc, a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), a magneto optical (MO) disc, a digital versatile disc (DVD), a magnetic disc, and a semiconductor memory. 
     The program can be installed on the computer from the removable medium  211  described above through a drive  210 , or the program can be downloaded into the computer through a communication network or a broadcast network so as to be installed on the storage unit  208  which is built in. That is, the program can be wirelessly transferred to the computer from a download site through a satellite for digital satellite broadcast or can be transferred in a wired fashion through a network such as a local area network (LAN) and an internet, for example. 
     The computer includes a central processing unit (CPU)  201  built in, and an input-output interface  205  is connected to the CPU  201  through a bus  204 . 
     When an input unit  206  is operated, for example, by a user and thus a command is inputted into the CPU  201  through the input-output interface  205 , the CPU  201  executes the program stored in the ROM  202  in accordance with the command. Alternatively, the CPU  201  loads the program stored in the storage unit  208  into a random access memory (RAM)  203  so as to execute the program. 
     Accordingly, the CPU  201  performs processing following the above-described flowchart or processing performed by the structure of the above-described block diagram. Then, the CPU  201 , for example, outputs the processing result from an output unit  207 , transmits the processing result from a communication unit  209 , or allows the storage unit  208  to store the processing result through the input-output interface  205 , as necessary. 
     The input unit  206  is a key board, a mouse, a microphone, or the like. The output unit  207  is a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, or the like. 
     In this specification, the processing performed by the computer in accordance with the program is not necessarily performed in a time-series manner following the order described as the flowchart. That is, the processing performed by the computer in accordance with the program includes processing performed in a parallel manner or in an individual manner (for example, parallel processing or processing by an object), as well. 
     The program may be processed by a single computer (processor) or may be processed in a distributed manner by a plurality of computers. Further, the program may be transferred to a remote computer and be performed. 
     The embodiments of the present technology are applicable not only to a decoding device which performs IMDCT as frequency-time transform but also to a decoding device which performs other inverse orthogonal transform such as IFFT and IDCT. 
     Further, the embodiments of the present technology are applicable to a decoding device which decodes encoded data of a signal other than an audio signal. 
     It should be understood that embodiments of the present technology are not limited to the embodiments described above and various alterations may occur within the scope of the present technology. 
     The present disclosure contains subject matter related to that disclosed in Japanese Priority Patent Application JP 2010-173943 filed in the Japan Patent Office on Aug. 2, 2010, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.