Patent Publication Number: US-11665213-B2

Title: Moving content between breakout rooms

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/513,646, filed Oct. 28, 2021, titled “MODERATOR CONTROLS FOR BREAKOUT ROOMS,” the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to moderator or host controls for breakout rooms, such as those implemented by conferencing software. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       This disclosure is best understood from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is emphasized that, according to common practice, the various features of the drawings are not to-scale. On the contrary, the dimensions of the various features are arbitrarily expanded or reduced for clarity. 
         FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an example of an electronic computing and communications system. 
         FIG.  2    is a block diagram of an example internal configuration of a computing device of an electronic computing and communications system. 
         FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example of a software platform implemented by an electronic computing and communications system. 
         FIG.  4    is a block diagram of devices used with a system providing moderator controls for breakout rooms. 
         FIG.  5    is an illustration of a user interface corresponding to a client device of a participant in which a host controls communication in a breakout room without joining the breakout room. 
         FIG.  6    is an illustration of a user interface of a client device corresponding to a participant in which a host controls communication in a breakout room after joining the breakout room. 
         FIG.  7    is an illustration of a user interface corresponding to a client device of a host in which the host controls communications in breakout rooms. 
         FIG.  8    is a block diagram of an example of a system in which a host individually controls breakout rooms. 
         FIG.  9    is a block diagram of an example of a system in which a host controls breakout rooms in groups. 
         FIG.  10    is a block diagram of an example of a system in which a host controls breakout rooms to swap content between breakout rooms. 
         FIG.  11    is a block diagram of an example of a system in which a host controls breakout rooms to rotate content between breakout rooms. 
         FIG.  12    is a flowchart of an example of a technique for allowing a host to control communication in a breakout room without requiring the host to join the breakout room. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A “breakout room” is a virtual meeting room that allows participants of a main meeting to temporarily leave the main meeting and join a side meeting (e.g., breakout) associated with the main meeting. Thus, breakout rooms are frequently used to split a main meeting into multiple breakout meetings (e.g., breakout rooms). A meeting host or moderator (“host”) can choose to split participants of the main meeting into these separate breakout rooms automatically or manually, or they can allow participants to select and enter breakout rooms on their own. The host can configure the number of breakout rooms and can switch between joining breakout rooms at any time. Once breakout rooms have been started, assigned participants are typically asked to join a breakout room. The host that launched the breakout rooms normally stays in the main meeting until leaving the main meeting and joining a breakout room manually. Conferencing software thus enables breakout rooms as multiple meetings within a meeting, each managed by the host. Conferencing software may be available as a standalone software product or it may be integrated within a software platform, such as a unified communications as a service (UCaaS) platform. 
     Typically, when participants go into a breakout room, the host does not know what is happening in the breakout room unless the host also joins the breakout room. However, the host joining a breakout room often stunts the conversation due to participants feeling less open to share when the host is present. For example, in a school environment when students are in discussion in a breakout room, the students may feel less open to share in discussion when a teacher joins the breakout room. This may also occur in a business environment among employees and a supervisor, or in a club environment among members and a leader. 
     Thus, breakout rooms conventionally lack the ability to allow a host to monitor communication among participants in breakout rooms without the host also joining the breakout room and potentially stunting the conversation (i.e., without jumping in). Breakout rooms also lack the ability to allow a host to control communications in breakout rooms, such as controlling content displayed to a screen or window being shared among participants, without the host joining the breakout room. Breakout rooms also lack the ability to allow a host to dynamically control communications in breakout rooms, such as limiting an amount of time in which content is displayed to a screen or window being shared among participants in a breakout room, without the host joining the breakout room. 
     Implementations of this disclosure address problems such as these by allowing a host to control communications in breakout rooms without requiring the host to join a breakout room as an additional participant. Generally, the host can run, or cause to be run, conferencing software to instantiate a meeting room and one or more breakout rooms associated with the meeting room. The meeting room and breakout rooms normally limit communication to participants in the corresponding rooms, i.e., limit communication to participants that join (e.g., moving by their own action or as a result of a host instruction) the room. As used herein, “join” in the context of a room refers to a client device connecting to a room and thus a user of that client device being in the room such that the user is indicated as being a participant in the room to other users that are also participants in the room. After joining a room, a user may leave the room so that they are no longer a participant in the room, and after leaving the room, the user may in some cases join another room. While the host can control communications in breakout rooms without joining a breakout room, the host can also join a breakout room to become a participant in the room, such that the host is indicated as being a participant to other participants in the room. Additionally, when in a breakout room, the host can continue to control communication in that breakout room and in other breakout rooms. 
     In some implementations, the host can control communications in breakout rooms without joining a breakout room by receiving content from breakout rooms, such as one or more of a real time audio stream comprising communication among the participants, a real time transcription of the audio stream, a screen or window being shared which displays a picture, page, slide, video, or other media, chat messages, and the like. Additionally, in some implementations, the host can control communications in breakout rooms without joining a breakout room by transmitting content, e.g., forcing content, to breakout rooms, such as broadcasting audio and/or video communications or messages to participants, transmitting a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to a screen or window being shared by participants, transmitting chat messages, and the like. In some implementations, the host can dynamically control communications in breakout rooms, such as by limiting an amount of time in which content is displayed to a screen or window being shared. Accordingly, the host can determine whether participants in breakout rooms are on task or in need of assistance without stunting the conversation by joining as a participant. The host can also guide discussions in breakout rooms by selectively controlling the content in breakout rooms, individually or in groups, without joining a breakout room as a participant. 
     Implementations disclosed herein describe control of communications in virtual meeting rooms, such as breakout rooms. However, such disclosure is in no way a representation that all types of control of communications may be proper in all circumstances. To the contrary, control of communications should be limited to circumstances in which the control is authorized by applicable laws, policies, procedures, and customs. Generally, hosts may receive relevant permissions from participants, and participants may give permissions to their host, before hosts control communications in meeting rooms. In some implementations, permission may be obtained, for example, by the host causing a notification or pop-up window to display to the user interface (e.g., screen or window) of each participant&#39;s device for the participant to click their acknowledgment and acceptance. 
     To describe some implementations in greater detail, reference is first made to examples of hardware and software structures used to implement a system providing moderator controls for breakout rooms.  FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an example of an electronic computing and communications system  100 , which can be or include a distributed computing system (e.g., a client-server computing system), a cloud computing system, a clustered computing system, or the like. 
     The system  100  includes one or more customers, such as customers  102 A through  102 B, which may each be a public entity, private entity, or another corporate entity or individual that purchases or otherwise uses software services, such as of a UCaaS platform provider. Each customer can include one or more clients. For example, as shown and without limitation, the customer  102 A can include clients  104 A through  104 B, and the customer  102 B can include clients  104 C through  104 D. A customer can include a customer network or domain. For example, and without limitation, the clients  104 A through  104 B can be associated or communicate with a customer network or domain for the customer  102 A and the clients  104 C through  104 D can be associated or communicate with a customer network or domain for the customer  102 B. 
     A client, such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D, may be or otherwise refer to one or both of a client device or a client application. Where a client is or refers to a client device, the client can comprise a computing system, which can include one or more computing devices, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, or another suitable computing device or combination of computing devices. Where a client instead is or refers to a client application, the client can be an instance of software running on a customer device (e.g., a client device or another device). In some implementations, a client can be implemented as a single physical unit or as a combination of physical units. In some implementations, a single physical unit can include multiple clients. 
     The system  100  can include a number of customers and/or clients or can have a configuration of customers or clients different from that generally illustrated in  FIG.  1   . For example, and without limitation, the system  100  can include hundreds or thousands of customers, and at least some of the customers can include or be associated with a number of clients. 
     The system  100  includes a datacenter  106 , which may include one or more servers. The datacenter  106  can represent a geographic location, which can include a facility, where the one or more servers are located. The system  100  can include a number of datacenters and servers or can include a configuration of datacenters and servers different from that generally illustrated in  FIG.  1   . For example, and without limitation, the system  100  can include tens of datacenters, and at least some of the datacenters can include hundreds or another suitable number of servers. In some implementations, the datacenter  106  can be associated or communicate with one or more datacenter networks or domains, which can include domains other than the customer domains for the customers  102 A through  102 B. 
     The datacenter  106  includes servers used for implementing software services of a UCaaS platform. The datacenter  106  as generally illustrated includes an application server  108 , a database server  110 , and a telephony server  112 . The servers  108  through  112  can each be a computing system, which can include one or more computing devices, such as a desktop computer, a server computer, or another computer capable of operating as a server, or a combination thereof. A suitable number of each of the servers  108  through  112  can be implemented at the datacenter  106 . The UCaaS platform uses a multi-tenant architecture in which installations or instantiations of the servers  108  through  112  is shared amongst the customers  102 A through  102 B. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the servers  108  through  112  can be a non-hardware server implemented on a physical device, such as a hardware server. In some implementations, a combination of two or more of the application server  108 , the database server  110 , and the telephony server  112  can be implemented as a single hardware server or as a single non-hardware server implemented on a single hardware server. In some implementations, the datacenter  106  can include servers other than or in addition to the servers  108  through  112 , for example, a media server, a proxy server, or a web server. 
     The application server  108  runs web-based software services deliverable to a client, such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D. As described above, the software services may be of a UCaaS platform. For example, the application server  108  can implement all or a portion of a UCaaS platform, including conferencing software, messaging software, and/or other intra-party or inter-party communications software. The application server  108  may, for example, be or include a unitary Java Virtual Machine (JVM). 
     In some implementations, the application server  108  can include an application node, which can be a process executed on the application server  108 . For example, and without limitation, the application node can be executed in order to deliver software services to a client, such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D, as part of a software application. The application node can be implemented using processing threads, virtual machine instantiations, or other computing features of the application server  108 . In some such implementations, the application server  108  can include a suitable number of application nodes, depending upon a system load or other characteristics associated with the application server  108 . For example, and without limitation, the application server  108  can include two or more nodes forming a node cluster. In some such implementations, the application nodes implemented on a single application server  108  can run on different hardware servers. 
     The database server  110  stores, manages, or otherwise provides data for delivering software services of the application server  108  to a client, such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D. In particular, the database server  110  may implement one or more databases, tables, or other information sources suitable for use with a software application implemented using the application server  108 . The database server  110  may include a data storage unit accessible by software executed on the application server  108 . A database implemented by the database server  110  may be a relational database management system (RDBMS), an object database, an XML database, a configuration management database (CMDB), a management information base (MIB), one or more flat files, other suitable non-transient storage mechanisms, or a combination thereof. The system  100  can include one or more database servers, in which each database server can include one, two, three, or another suitable number of databases configured as or comprising a suitable database type or combination thereof. 
     In some implementations, one or more databases, tables, other suitable information sources, or portions or combinations thereof may be stored, managed, or otherwise provided by one or more of the elements of the system  100  other than the database server  110 , for example, the client  104  or the application server  108 . 
     The telephony server  112  enables network-based telephony and web communications from and to clients of a customer, such as the clients  104 A through  104 B for the customer  102 A or the clients  104 C through  104 D for the customer  102 B. Some or all of the clients  104 A through  104 D may be voice over internet protocol (VOIP)-enabled devices configured to send and receive calls over a network  114 . In particular, the telephony server  112  includes a session initiation protocol (SIP) zone and a web zone. The SIP zone enables a client of a customer, such as the customer  102 A or  102 B, to send and receive calls over the network  114  using SIP requests and responses. The web zone integrates telephony data with the application server  108  to enable telephony-based traffic access to software services run by the application server  108 . Given the combined functionality of the SIP zone and the web zone, the telephony server  112  may be or include a cloud-based private branch exchange (PBX) system. 
     The SIP zone receives telephony traffic from a client of a customer and directs same to a destination device. The SIP zone may include one or more call switches for routing the telephony traffic. For example, to route a VOIP call from a first VOIP-enabled client of a customer to a second VOIP-enabled client of the same customer, the telephony server  112  may initiate a SIP transaction between a first client and the second client using a PBX for the customer. However, in another example, to route a VOIP call from a VOIP-enabled client of a customer to a client or non-client device (e.g., a desktop phone which is not configured for VOIP communication) which is not VOIP-enabled, the telephony server  112  may initiate a SIP transaction via a VOIP gateway that transmits the SIP signal to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) system for outbound communication to the non-VOIP-enabled client or non-client phone. Hence, the telephony server  112  may include a PSTN system and may in some cases access an external PSTN system. 
     The telephony server  112  includes one or more session border controllers (SBCs) for interfacing the SIP zone with one or more aspects external to the telephony server  112 . In particular, an SBC can act as an intermediary to transmit and receive SIP requests and responses between clients or non-client devices of a given customer with clients or non-client devices external to that customer. When incoming telephony traffic for delivery to a client of a customer, such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D, originating from outside the telephony server  112  is received, a SBC receives the traffic and forwards it to a call switch for routing to the client. 
     In some implementations, the telephony server  112 , via the SIP zone, may enable one or more forms of peering to a carrier or customer premise. For example, Internet peering to a customer premise may be enabled to ease the migration of the customer from a legacy provider to a service provider operating the telephony server  112 . In another example, private peering to a customer premise may be enabled to leverage a private connection terminating at one end at the telephony server  112  and at the other end at a computing aspect of the customer environment. In yet another example, carrier peering may be enabled to leverage a connection of a peered carrier to the telephony server  112 . 
     In some such implementations, a SBC or telephony gateway within the customer environment may operate as an intermediary between the SBC of the telephony server  112  and a PSTN for a peered carrier. When an external SBC is first registered with the telephony server  112 , a call from a client can be routed through the SBC to a load balancer of the SIP zone, which directs the traffic to a call switch of the telephony server  112 . Thereafter, the SBC may be configured to communicate directly with the call switch. 
     The web zone receives telephony traffic from a client of a customer, via the SIP zone, and directs same to the application server  108  via one or more Domain Name System (DNS) resolutions. For example, a first DNS within the web zone may process a request received via the SIP zone and then deliver the processed request to a web service which connects to a second DNS at or otherwise associated with the application server  108 . Once the second DNS resolves the request, it is delivered to the destination service at the application server  108 . The web zone may also include a database for authenticating access to a software application for telephony traffic processed within the SIP zone, for example, a softphone. 
     The clients  104 A through  104 D communicate with the servers  108  through  112  of the datacenter  106  via the network  114 . The network  114  can be or include, for example, the Internet, a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a virtual private network (VPN), or another public or private means of electronic computer communication capable of transferring data between a client and one or more servers. In some implementations, a client can connect to the network  114  via a communal connection point, link, or path, or using a distinct connection point, link, or path. For example, a connection point, link, or path can be wired, wireless, use other communications technologies, or a combination thereof. 
     The network  114 , the datacenter  106 , or another element, or combination of elements, of the system  100  can include network hardware such as routers, switches, other network devices, or combinations thereof. For example, the datacenter  106  can include a load balancer  116  for routing traffic from the network  114  to various servers associated with the datacenter  106 . The load balancer  116  can route, or direct, computing communications traffic, such as signals or messages, to respective elements of the datacenter  106 . 
     For example, the load balancer  116  can operate as a proxy, or reverse proxy, for a service, such as a service provided to one or more remote clients, such as one or more of the clients  104 A through  104 D, by the application server  108 , the telephony server  112 , and/or another server. Routing functions of the load balancer  116  can be configured directly or via a DNS. The load balancer  116  can coordinate requests from remote clients and can simplify client access by masking the internal configuration of the datacenter  106  from the remote clients. 
     In some implementations, the load balancer  116  can operate as a firewall, allowing or preventing communications based on configuration settings. Although the load balancer  116  is depicted in  FIG.  1    as being within the datacenter  106 , in some implementations, the load balancer  116  can instead be located outside of the datacenter  106 , for example, when providing global routing for multiple datacenters. In some implementations, load balancers can be included both within and outside of the datacenter  106 . In some implementations, the load balancer  116  can be omitted. 
       FIG.  2    is a block diagram of an example internal configuration of a computing device  200  of an electronic computing and communications system. In one configuration, the computing device  200  may implement one or more of the client  104 , the application server  108 , the database server  110 , or the telephony server  112  of the system  100  shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The computing device  200  includes components or units, such as a processor  202 , a memory  204 , a bus  206 , a power source  208 , peripherals  210 , a user interface  212 , a network interface  214 , other suitable components, or a combination thereof. One or more of the memory  204 , the power source  208 , the peripherals  210 , the user interface  212 , or the network interface  214  can communicate with the processor  202  via the bus  206 . 
     The processor  202  is a central processing unit, such as a microprocessor, and can include single or multiple processors having single or multiple processing cores. Alternatively, the processor  202  can include another type of device, or multiple devices, configured for manipulating or processing information. For example, the processor  202  can include multiple processors interconnected in one or more manners, including hardwired or networked. The operations of the processor  202  can be distributed across multiple devices or units that can be coupled directly or across a local area or other suitable type of network. The processor  202  can include a cache, or cache memory, for local storage of operating data or instructions. 
     The memory  204  includes one or more memory components, which may each be volatile memory or non-volatile memory. For example, the volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM) (e.g., a DRAM module, such as DDR SDRAM). In another example, the non-volatile memory of the memory  204  can be a disk drive, a solid state drive, flash memory, or phase-change memory. In some implementations, the memory  204  can be distributed across multiple devices. For example, the memory  204  can include network-based memory or memory in multiple clients or servers performing the operations of those multiple devices. 
     The memory  204  can include data for immediate access by the processor  202 . For example, the memory  204  can include executable instructions  216 , application data  218 , and an operating system  220 . The executable instructions  216  can include one or more application programs, which can be loaded or copied, in whole or in part, from non-volatile memory to volatile memory to be executed by the processor  202 . For example, the executable instructions  216  can include instructions for performing some or all of the techniques of this disclosure. The application data  218  can include user data, database data (e.g., database catalogs or dictionaries), or the like. In some implementations, the application data  218  can include functional programs, such as a web browser, a web server, a database server, another program, or a combination thereof. The operating system  220  can be, for example, Microsoft Windows®, Mac OS X®, or Linux®; an operating system for a mobile device, such as a smartphone or tablet device; or an operating system for a non-mobile device, such as a mainframe computer. 
     The power source  208  provides power to the computing device  200 . For example, the power source  208  can be an interface to an external power distribution system. In another example, the power source  208  can be a battery, such as where the computing device  200  is a mobile device or is otherwise configured to operate independently of an external power distribution system. In some implementations, the computing device  200  may include or otherwise use multiple power sources. In some such implementations, the power source  208  can be a backup battery. 
     The peripherals  210  includes one or more sensors, detectors, or other devices configured for monitoring the computing device  200  or the environment around the computing device  200 . For example, the peripherals  210  can include a geolocation component, such as a global positioning system location unit. In another example, the peripherals can include a temperature sensor for measuring temperatures of components of the computing device  200 , such as the processor  202 . In some implementations, the computing device  200  can omit the peripherals  210 . 
     The user interface  212  includes one or more input interfaces and/or output interfaces. An input interface may, for example, be a positional input device, such as a mouse, touchpad, touchscreen, or the like; a keyboard; or another suitable human or machine interface device. An output interface may, for example, be a display, such as a liquid crystal display, a cathode-ray tube, a light emitting diode display, virtual reality display, or other suitable display. 
     The network interface  214  provides a connection or link to a network (e.g., the network  114  shown in  FIG.  1   ). The network interface  214  can be a wired network interface or a wireless network interface. The computing device  200  can communicate with other devices via the network interface  214  using one or more network protocols, such as using Ethernet, transmission control protocol (TCP), internet protocol (IP), power line communication, an IEEE 802.X protocol (e.g., Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or ZigBee), infrared, visible light, general packet radio service (GPRS), global system for mobile communications (GSM), code-division multiple access (CDMA), Z-Wave, another protocol, or a combination thereof. 
       FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example of a software platform  300  implemented by an electronic computing and communications system, for example, the system  100  shown in  FIG.  1   . The software platform  300  is a UCaaS platform accessible by clients of a customer of a UCaaS platform provider, for example, the clients  104 A through  104 B of the customer  102 A or the clients  104 C through  104 D of the customer  102 B shown in  FIG.  1   . The software platform  300  may be a multi-tenant platform instantiated using one or more servers at one or more datacenters including, for example, the application server  108 , the database server  110 , and the telephony server  112  of the datacenter  106  shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The software platform  300  includes software services accessible using one or more clients. For example, a customer  302  as shown includes four clients—a desk phone  304 , a computer  306 , a mobile device  308 , and a shared device  310 . The desk phone  304  is a desktop unit configured to at least send and receive calls and includes an input device for receiving a telephone number or extension to dial to and an output device for outputting audio and/or video for a call in progress. The computer  306  is a desktop, laptop, or tablet computer including an input device for receiving some form of user input and an output device for outputting information in an audio and/or visual format. The mobile device  308  is a smartphone, wearable device, or other mobile computing aspect including an input device for receiving some form of user input and an output device for outputting information in an audio and/or visual format. The desk phone  304 , the computer  306 , and the mobile device  308  may generally be considered personal devices configured for use by a single user. The shared device  310  is a desk phone, a computer, a mobile device, or a different device which may instead be configured for use by multiple specified or unspecified users. 
     Each of the clients  304  through  310  includes or runs on a computing device configured to access at least a portion of the software platform  300 . In some implementations, the customer  302  may include additional clients not shown. For example, the customer  302  may include multiple clients of one or more client types (e.g., multiple desk phones or multiple computers) and/or one or more clients of a client type not shown in  FIG.  3    (e.g., wearable devices or televisions other than as shared devices). For example, the customer  302  may have tens or hundreds of desk phones, computers, mobile devices, and/or shared devices. 
     The software services of the software platform  300  generally relate to communications tools, but are in no way limited in scope. As shown, the software services of the software platform  300  include telephony software  312 , conferencing software  314 , messaging software  316 , and other software  318 . Some or all of the software  312  through  318  uses customer configurations  320  specific to the customer  302 . The customer configurations  320  may, for example, be data stored within a database or other data store at a database server, such as the database server  110  shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The telephony software  312  enables telephony traffic between ones of the clients  304  through  310  and other telephony-enabled devices, which may be other ones of the clients  304  through  310 , other VOIP-enabled clients of the customer  302 , non-VOIP-enabled devices of the customer  302 , VOIP-enabled clients of another customer, non-VOIP-enabled devices of another customer, or other VOIP-enabled clients or non-VOIP-enabled devices. Calls sent or received using the telephony software  312  may, for example, be sent or received using the desk phone  304 , a softphone running on the computer  306 , a mobile application running on the mobile device  308 , or using the shared device  310  that includes telephony features. 
     The telephony software  312  further enables phones that do not include a client application to connect to other software services of the software platform  300 . For example, the telephony software  312  may receive and process calls from phones not associated with the customer  302  to route that telephony traffic to one or more of the conferencing software  314 , the messaging software  316 , or the other software  318 . 
     The conferencing software  314  enables audio, video, and/or other forms of conferences between multiple participants, such as to facilitate a conference between those participants. In some cases, the participants may all be physically present within a single location, for example, a conference room, in which the conferencing software  314  may facilitate a conference between only those participants and using one or more clients within the conference room. In some cases, one or more participants may be physically present within a single location and one or more other participants may be remote, in which the conferencing software  314  may facilitate a conference between all of those participants using one or more clients within the conference room and one or more remote clients. In some cases, the participants may all be remote, in which the conferencing software  314  may facilitate a conference between the participants using different clients for the participants. The conferencing software  314  can include functionality for hosting, presenting scheduling, joining, or otherwise participating in a conference. The conferencing software  314  may further include functionality for recording some or all of a conference and/or documenting a transcript for the conference. 
     The messaging software  316  enables instant messaging, unified messaging, and other types of messaging communications between multiple devices, such as to facilitate a chat or other virtual conversation between users of those devices. The unified messaging functionality of the messaging software  316  may, for example, refer to email messaging which includes a voicemail transcription service delivered in email format. 
     The other software  318  enables other functionality of the software platform  300 . Examples of the other software  318  include, but are not limited to, device management software, resource provisioning and deployment software, administrative software, third party integration software, and the like. In one particular example, the other software  318  can include control software allowing a meeting host or moderator to control communications among participants in breakout rooms without the host joining a breakout room as a participant. In some such cases, the conferencing software  314  may include the other software  318 . 
     The software  312  through  318  may be implemented using one or more servers, for example, of a datacenter such as the datacenter  106  shown in  FIG.  1   . For example, one or more of the software  312  through  318  may be implemented using an application server, a database server, and/or a telephony server, such as the servers  108  through  112  shown in  FIG.  1   . In another example, one or more of the software  312  through  318  may be implemented using servers not shown in  FIG.  1   , for example, a meeting server, a web server, or another server. In yet another example, one or more of the software  312  through  318  may be implemented using one or more of the servers  108  through  112  and one or more other servers. The software  312  through  318  may be implemented by different servers or by the same server. 
     Features of the software services of the software platform  300  may be integrated with one another to provide a unified experience for users. For example, the messaging software  316  may include a user interface element configured to initiate a call with another user of the customer  302 . In another example, the telephony software  312  may include functionality for elevating a telephone call to a conference. In yet another example, the conferencing software  314  may include functionality for sending and receiving instant messages between participants and/or other users of the customer  302 . In yet another example, the conferencing software  314  may include functionality for file sharing between participants and/or other users of the customer  302 . In some implementations, some or all of the software  312  through  318  may be combined into a single software application run on clients of the customer, such as one or more of the clients  304  through  310 . 
       FIG.  4    is a block diagram of devices used with a system providing moderator controls for breakout rooms. In particular, a server device  402 , which may, for example, be a server at the datacenter  106  shown in  FIG.  1   , runs software including conferencing software  404 . The conferencing software  404 , which may, for example, be the conferencing software  314  shown in  FIG.  3   , is used to instantiate and control one or more conferences, such as conferences  410 A through  410 C, as configured by a host. Each instantiated conference creates a meeting room allowing communication between participants that join the meeting room. For example, the first instantiated conference, such as conference  410 A, may be a “main meeting room” for the host and participants to initially join, and subsequently instantiated conferences, such as conferences  410 B and  410 C, may be “breakout rooms” associated with the main meeting room. Each instantiated conference includes a session identifier or address that allows the conferencing software  404  to organize the rooms, individually or in groups, and to associate or link the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the main meeting room. 
     A host device  420 , which may, for example, be a client device such as one of the clients  104 A through  104 D shown in  FIG.  1   , may be operated by a host to run a client application  422  executing on the host device  420 . As used herein, a “host” refers to a user having an account and/or credentials sufficient to allow the user to establish and control one or more meetings through the conferencing software  404  and to allow one or more other users (“participants”) to join the one or more meetings. A “participant” refers to a user having an account and/or credentials sufficient to allow the user to access the conferencing software  404  and join a meeting to participate in audio and/or video communication and/or other media sharing with other participants of the meeting. Participants are generally aware of other participants present in a meeting by receiving an indication of which participants are in the meeting, such as display of a list of participants or a group of tiles associated with each participant in the meeting. While the host may join a meeting as a participant, the host also has control over each of the meetings without joining as a participant, such as by opening and closing meetings, moving participants between breakout rooms and/or the main meeting room, and/or controlling communications among participants in meetings. 
     The client application  422 , executing on the host device  420 , comprises software which communicates with the conferencing software  404  to enable the host to participate in conferences implemented by the conferencing software  404 . For example, as illustrated by a solid line between the client application  422  and the conferencing software  404 , the host may participate in conferences implemented by the conferencing software  404  as a participant. Additionally, with host credentials, the client application  422  enables the user to control the conferencing software  404  and conferences implemented by the conferencing software  404 . For example, as illustrated by a dash line between the client application  422  and the conferencing software  404 , and by additional dash lines between the conferencing software  404  and conferences  410 A through  410 C, the host may instantiate the conferences, control which participants join which conferences, and control communications in the conferences. 
     Additionally, one or more participant devices, such as participant devices  430 A and  430 B, which may, for example, be client devices such as the clients  104 A through  104 D shown in  FIG.  1   , may be operated by participants to run client applications executing on the participant devices. For example, a participant device  430 A may be operated by “Participant  1 ” to run client application  432 A, and a participant device  430 B may be operated by “Participant N” to run client application  432 B. Like the client application  422 , the client applications  432 A and  432 B comprise software which communicate with the conferencing software  404  to enable the participant to join a conference implemented by the conferencing software  404 . For example, as illustrated by a solid line between the client application  432 A and the conferencing software  404 , Participant  1  may participate in a conference implemented by the conferencing software  404  as a participant. Additionally, as illustrated by a solid line between the client application  432 B and the conferencing software  404 , Participant N may participate in a conference implemented by the conferencing software  404  as another participant. 
     In operation, the host device  420  controls the conferencing software  404  to instantiate the conferences, such as conference  410 A as a main meeting room and conferences  410 B and  410 C as breakout rooms associated with the main meeting room. The host device  420  then controls the conferencing software  404  to allow participants to join meeting rooms. Typically, the host will initially join all participants to the main meeting room as “meeting participants.” For example, as illustrated by a solid line between the conferencing software  404  and conference  410 A, the host device  420  controls the conferencing software  404  in joining the host device  420  to the main meeting room, such as by establishing a communication channel, through the conferencing software  404 , from the host device  420  to conference  410 A. Participant  1  and Participant N may be similarly joined to the main meeting room. Additionally, the host may divide the participants into breakout rooms, automatically or manually, as “breakout participants.” For example, as illustrated by solid lines between the conferencing software  404  and conference  410 B, the host device  420  may control the conferencing software  404  to join Participant  1  and Participant N to breakout room  1 , such as by establishing communication channels, through the conferencing software  404 , from participant devices  430 A and  430 B to conference  410 A. 
     With participants assigned to breakout rooms, the participants may proceed to communicate with one another in the breakout room. For example, Participant  1  and Participant N may communicate with one another in breakout room  1  without communication from other participants in other breakout rooms. Communication in a breakout room may comprise sharing content, through the breakout room, that is output to a user interface of each participant&#39;s device, such as an audio stream comprising communication among the participants; a screen or window displaying a picture, page, slide, video, or other media; chat messages; and the like. 
     During meetings, the host can control communications in breakout rooms without joining a breakout room. Before controlling the communications, the host can cause a notification or pop-up window to display to the user interface (e.g., screen or window) of each participant&#39;s device for the participant to click their acknowledgment and acceptance. Following such acceptance, the host can control communications in breakout rooms by transmitting and/or receiving content through channels, or signaling paths, established by the conferencing software  404 . Channels may comprise network connections or pathways routing communications between the host device  420  and participant devices (e.g., participant devices  430 A and  430 B), such as through the server device  402 , based on network addresses for each of the devices. The channels may be established, and communication routed, via the conferencing software  404 . For example, the host device  420  can control communications in conferences  410 A through  410 C by transmitting and/or receiving content  412 A through  412 C through channels established by the conferencing software  404  between the host device  420  and conferences  410 A through  410 C, respectively. The host device  420  can similarly control communications in breakout rooms, without joining a breakout room, by receiving content from breakout rooms, such as a real time media audio stream comprising communication among the participants; a real time transcription of the audio stream; a screen or window being shared which displays a picture, page, slide, video, or other media; chat messages; and the like. Content received by the host from a breakout room, such as content  412 B received by host device  420  from conference  410 B, may be output to a user interface of the host device  420 , which may include a virtual reality display. 
     Additionally, in some implementations, the host device  420  can control communications in breakout rooms, without joining a breakout room, by transmitting content e.g., forcing content, to breakout rooms, such as broadcasting audio and/or video communications or messages to participants; transmitting a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to a screen or window being shared by participants; transmitting chat messages; and the like. In some implementations, the host device  420  can dynamically control communications in breakout rooms, such as by limiting an amount of time in which content is displayed to a screen or window being shared. For example, the amount of time may be limited by a timer configured by the host device  420 , upon expiration of which the content is changed or removed. Content transmitted by the host to a breakout room, such as content  412 B transmitted by host device  420  to conference  410 B, may be output to user interfaces of participant devices in the breakout room, such as user interfaces of participant devices  430 A and  430 B, which may include a virtual reality display. 
       FIG.  5    is an illustration of a user interface  500  of a client device corresponding to a participant in a breakout room, which may, for example, be participant devices such as the participant devices  430 A or  430 B shown in  FIG.  4   . The user interface  500  represents a state in which a host controls communication in the participant&#39;s breakout room without joining the breakout room. The user interface  500  displays participant tiles  502  corresponding to each participant present in the breakout room. The participant tiles  502  provide a visual indication of which participants are in the breakout room. Since the host has not joined the breakout room as a participant, the host will not appear among the participant tiles  502 . The user interface  500  also displays a screen or window  504  and a communication box  506  for sharing content in the breakout room. 
     Participants in the breakout room may communicate with one another by sharing content, such as the content  412 B shown in  FIG.  4   , including an audio stream comprising communication among the participants; displaying a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to the screen or window  504 ; exchanging chat messages via the communication box  506 ; and the like. During the meeting, the host can control communication in the breakout room without joining the breakout room by transmitting and/or receiving content. For example, the host can receive content from the breakout room, such as a real time media audio stream comprising communication among the participants, a real time transcription of the audio stream, the screen or window  504  being shared, and/or chat messages from the communication box  506 . In some implementations, participants can initiate an audio communication back to the host, via the communication box  506 , analogous to an intercom system, without the host being in the breakout room. This may allow a participant in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to initiate content communication with the host. Additionally, the host can broadcast audio and/or video communications or messages to the participants; transmit a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to the screen or window  504  being shared; and/or transmit chat messages to the communication box  506  being shared. Accordingly, the host can control the communication in the breakout room without being a participant. 
       FIG.  6    is an illustration of a user interface  600  of a client device corresponding to a participant in a breakout room, which may, for example, be participant devices such as the participant devices  430 A or  430 B shown in  FIG.  4   . The user interface  600  represents a state in which a host controls communication in the participant&#39;s breakout room after joining the breakout room. The user interface  600  displays participant tiles  602  corresponding to each participant present in the breakout room. The participant tiles  602  provide a visual indication to the participant of each participant that is currently in the breakout room. Since the host has joined the breakout room as a participant, the host will appear among the participant tiles  602  as an additional tile  608 . The user interface  600  also displays a screen or window  604  and a communication box  606  for sharing content in the breakout room. 
     Participants in the breakout room, including the host, may communicate with one another by sharing content, such as the content  412 B shown in  FIG.  4   , including an audio stream comprising communication among the participants; displaying a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to the screen or window  504 ; exchanging chat messages via the communication box  506 ; and the like. During the meeting, the host can communicate in the breakout room as another participant, the host can control communication in the breakout room over other participants, and the host can control communications in other breakout rooms. Accordingly, the host can jump into a breakout room as a participant to guide the breakout room while continuing to monitor the progress of other breakout rooms. 
       FIG.  7    is an illustration of a user interface  700  of a client device corresponding to a host, which may, for example, be a host device such as the host device  420  shown in  FIG.  4   . The user interface  700  allows a host to control communications in multiple breakout rooms with greater efficiency. The user interface  700  displays multiple room tiles, each corresponding to a breakout room, such as room tiles  702 A through  702 C corresponding to conferences  412 A through  412 C shown in  FIG.  4   . Each room tile includes participant tiles  704  corresponding to participants in the breakout room, a screen or window and communication box  706  corresponding to a screen or window and communication box being shared in the breakout room, and a screen or window and communication box  708  for the host to select content and prepare communications and messages to transmit to the screen or window and/or communication box in the breakout room. The user interface  700  also displays a table  710  which lists the meeting room and breakout rooms by session identifier or address, each of the participants, and assignments of participants to breakout rooms. The table  710  conveniently allows the host to join and leave breakout rooms, move participants from one breakout room to another, instantiate new breakout rooms, and remove old breakout rooms. Accordingly, the host may dynamically optimize the number of breakout rooms, the number of participants in breakout rooms, the assignment of participants to breakout rooms, and/or the location of participants in breakout rooms, while in session, without joining a breakout room. 
       FIG.  8    is a block diagram of an example of a system  800  in which a host individually controls breakout rooms. The system  800  can be executed using computing devices, such as the systems, hardware, and software described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 7   . In the system  800 , a host can instantiate a main meeting room and multiple breakout rooms associated with the main meeting room, such as a main meeting room  802  and breakout rooms  804  through  806 . Each instantiated room includes a session identifier or address that allows conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   , to organize the rooms, individually or in groups, and to associate or link the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the main meeting room. Initially, the host can join the main meeting room and admit participants to join the main meeting room as “meeting participants.” For example, the meeting participants may comprise a teacher and students in a virtual classroom, or a supervisor and employees in a virtual conference room. The meeting participants, including the host, may communicate with one another and share content in the main meeting room with the host controlling the meeting. 
     Additionally, “breakout participants” may be assigned to one or more of the breakout rooms from among the meeting participants in the meeting room. Breakout participants may be assigned to breakout rooms automatically (e.g., randomly) or manually (e.g., based on host selection) or may be allowed to select and enter breakout rooms on their own. In each breakout room, each breakout participant receives an indication, such as through a user interface of the breakout participant&#39;s client device, of other breakout participants in the breakout room. Further, each breakout participant can communicate and share content with other breakout participants in the breakout room. As shown by dashed connections, the host, without joining a breakout room, can control communications in individual breakout rooms, such as by transmitting content to breakout rooms and/or receiving content from breakout rooms through conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   . Communication may be controlled, for example, through channels, or signaling paths, comprising network connections or pathways routing the communications between the host device and participant devices, such as through a server device, based on network addresses for each of the devices. The channels may be established, and communication routed, via the conferencing software. The host can move participants from one breakout room to another, instantiate new breakout rooms, and remove old breakout rooms. The host can also control communications in breakout rooms from the main meeting room, from any of the breakout rooms, or without joining any room at all. Accordingly, the host can guide discussions in individual breakout rooms without stunting conversations by joining as a participant. 
       FIG.  9    is a block diagram of an example of a system  900  in which a host controls breakout rooms in groups. The system  900  can be executed using computing devices, such as the systems, hardware, and software described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 7   . In the system  900 , a host can instantiate a main meeting room and multiple breakout rooms associated with the main meeting room, such as a main meeting room  902  and breakout rooms  904 ,  906 ,  908 , and  910 . Each instantiated room includes a session identifier or address that allows conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   , to associate or link the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the main meeting room. 
     Additionally, the host can assign one or more breakout rooms to one or more groups, such as breakout rooms  904  and  906  assigned to a first group  912 , and breakout rooms  908  and  910  assigned to a second group  914 . Each group includes a group identifier or address that allows the conferencing software to organize the rooms into groups and to associate or link the groups to the main meeting room. Accordingly, the host can manage breakout rooms differently from one another in groups or subsets. As shown by dashed connections, the host, without joining a breakout room, can control communications for multiple breakout rooms simultaneously in groups through conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   . For example, the host can transmit a first content, e.g., a picture, page, slide, video, or other media, to a screen or window being shared in breakout rooms  904  and  906  simultaneously in the first group  912 . Additionally, while transmitting the first content to the first group  912 , the host can transmit a second content, e.g., audio and/or video communications or messages to participants, to breakout rooms  908  and  910  simultaneously in the second group  912 . Such communications may be transmitted, for example, through channels, or signaling paths, comprising network connections or pathways routing the communications between the host device and participant devices, such as through a server device, based on network addresses for each of the devices. The channels may be established, and communication routed, via the conferencing software. Accordingly, the host can efficiently guide discussions in groups of breakout rooms, tailored to the needs of each group, without requiring the host to join a particular breakout room. 
       FIG.  10    is a block diagram of an example of a system  1000  in which a host controls breakout rooms to swap content between breakout rooms. The system  1000  can be executed using computing devices, such as the systems, hardware, and software described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 7   . In the system  1000 , a host can instantiate a main meeting room and multiple breakout rooms associated with the main meeting room, such as a main meeting room  1002  and breakout rooms  1004  and  1006 . Each instantiated room includes a session identifier or address that allows conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   , to organize the rooms, individually or in groups, and to associate or link the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the main meeting room. As shown by dashed connections, the host, without joining a breakout room, can control communications in the breakout rooms, such as by transmitting content to breakout rooms and/or receiving content from breakout rooms through conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   . Further, as shown in this example by reference numeral  1008 , the host can instantiate the main meeting room and the multiple breakout rooms, and control communications in the main meeting room and the multiple breakout rooms, without joining any of the rooms as a participant. 
     Additionally, as shown by dashed connection  1010 , the host can control communications in the breakout rooms  1004  and  1006  by swapping content between the breakout rooms through conferencing software. For example, the host can cause a first content, e.g., a first picture, page, slide, video, or other media, being shared to a screen or window in breakout room  1004  to be transmitted to breakout room  1006 , while causing a second content, e.g., a second picture, page, slide, video, or other media, being shared to a screen or window in breakout room  1006  to be transmitted to breakout room  1004 . Such communications may be transmitted, for example, through channels, or signaling paths, comprising network connections or pathways routing the communications between the participant devices, as controlled by the host device, such as through a server device, based on network addresses for each of the devices. The channels may be established, and communication routed, via the conferencing software. In some implementations, the host can dynamically swap content between breakout rooms, such as by a timer configured by the host device. Accordingly, the host can trade discussion topics between breakout rooms, and/or enable breakout rooms to benefit from the progress of other breakout rooms, without requiring the host to join a breakout room. 
       FIG.  11    is a block diagram of an example of a system  1100  in which a host controls breakout rooms to rotate content between breakout rooms. The system  1100  can be executed using computing devices, such as the systems, hardware, and software described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 7   . In the system  1100 , a host can instantiate a main meeting room and multiple breakout rooms associated with the main meeting room, such as a main meeting room  1102  and breakout rooms  1104 ,  1106 , and  1108 . Each instantiated room includes a session identifier or address that allows conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   , to organize the rooms, individually or in groups, and to associate or link the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the main meeting room. As shown by dashed connections, the host, without joining a breakout room, can control communications in the breakout rooms, such as by transmitting content to breakout rooms and/or receiving content from breakout rooms through conferencing software, such as the conferencing software  404  shown in  FIG.  4   . 
     Additionally, as shown by dashed connections  1110 ,  1112 , and  114 , the host can control communications in the breakout rooms  1104 ,  1106 , and  1108  by rotating content among the breakout rooms through the conferencing software. For example, the host can cause a first content, e.g., a first picture, page, slide, video, or other media, being shared to a screen or window in breakout room  1104 , to be transmitted to breakout room  1106 , while causing a second content, e.g., a second picture, page, slide, video, or other media, being shared to a screen or window in breakout room  1106 , to be transmitted to breakout room  1108 , while causing a third content, e.g., a third picture, page, slide, video, or other media, being shared to a screen or window in breakout room  1108 , to be transmitted to breakout room  1104 . Such communications may be shared, for example, through channels, or signaling paths, comprising network connections or pathways routing the communications between the participant devices, as controlled by the host device, such as through a server device, based on network addresses for each of the devices. The channels may be established, and communication routed, via the conferencing software. In some implementations, the host can dynamically rotate such content, such as by a timer configured by the host device. In some implementations, the host can rotate content according to a round robin scheme or another scheme. Accordingly, the host can rotate discussion topics among breakout rooms, and/or enable breakout rooms to benefit from the progress of other breakout rooms, without requiring the host to join a breakout room. 
     To further describe some implementations in greater detail, reference is next made to examples of techniques which may be performed by or using a system providing moderator controls for breakout rooms.  FIG.  12    is a flowchart of an example of a technique  1200  for allowing a host to control communication in a breakout room without requiring the host to join the breakout room. The technique  1200  can be executed using computing devices, such as the systems, hardware, and software described with respect to  FIGS.  1 - 11   . The technique  1200  can be performed, for example, by executing a machine-readable program or other computer-executable instructions, such as routines, instructions, programs, or other code. The steps, or operations, of the technique  1200  or another technique, method, process, or algorithm described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein can be implemented directly in hardware, firmware, software executed by hardware, circuitry, or a combination thereof. 
     For simplicity of explanation, the technique  1200  is depicted and described herein as a series of steps or operations. However, the steps or operations in accordance with this disclosure can occur in various orders and/or concurrently. Additionally, other steps or operations not presented and described herein may be used. Furthermore, not all illustrated steps or operations may be required to implement a technique in accordance with the disclosed subject matter. 
     At  1202 , a host instantiates a main meeting room allowing communication among the host and meeting participants. The meeting room includes a session identifier or address for identifying the meeting. The meeting room is controlled by the host so that the host can selectively join participants to the meeting and control communication among participants in the meeting. 
     At  1204 , the host instantiates one or more breakout rooms associated with the meeting room. Each breakout room includes a session identifier or address that allows organization of the breakout rooms and association or linking of the breakout rooms as sub-rooms to the meeting room. The host may divide the breakout rooms into groups or manage the breakout rooms individually. 
     At  1206 , the host joins participants to the meeting room as meeting participants. Communication within the meeting room may be limited to the meeting participants in the meeting room. The host may join participants to the meeting room before or after instantiation of breakout rooms. 
     At  1208 , the host joins meeting participants from the meeting room as breakout participants in the breakout rooms. Breakout participants may be assigned to breakout rooms automatically or manually or may be allowed to select and enter breakout rooms on their own. Communication within each breakout room may be limited to breakout participants in the breakout room. Communication in a breakout room may comprise sharing content, through the breakout room, such as an audio stream comprising communication among the participants; a screen or window displaying a picture, page, slide, video, or other media; chat messages; and the like. 
     At  1210 , the host controls communication in the breakout rooms without the host being required to join a breakout room as a participant. The host can control communications in breakout rooms by transmitting and/or receiving content. For example, the host can control communications in breakout rooms by receiving content, such as a real time audio stream comprising communication among the participants; a real time transcription of the audio stream; a screen or window displaying a picture, page, slide, video, or other media; chat messages; and the like, from breakout rooms. Also, the host can control communications in breakout rooms by transmitting content, such as broadcasting audio and/or video communications or messages to participants; transmitting a picture, page, slide, video, or other media to a screen or window being shared by participants; transmitting chat messages; and the like, to one or more of the breakout rooms. For example, the host can select the one or more breakout rooms with which to interact by controlling communication in one or more forms using a user interface control element available only to the host within conferencing software used to implement the meeting and the breakout rooms. In some implementations, the host can dynamically control communications in breakout rooms, such as by limiting an amount of time in which content is displayed to a screen or window being shared. 
     Some implementations may include a method that includes instantiating a meeting room controlled by a host. The meeting room may be configured to allow communication among the host and meeting participants. The method may include instantiating one or more breakout rooms associated with the meeting room. A communication within a breakout room may be limited to one or more of the meeting participants in the breakout room. The method may include allowing the host to control communication in the one or more breakout rooms without requiring the host to join the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, an audio stream from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms is output at a client device of the host to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, chat messages from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms are output at a client device of the host to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms is output at a client device of the host to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms is configured from a client device of the host to display content from the client device. In one or more implementations, a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms is limited by a timer configured by a client device of the host. In one or more implementations, an audio communication is configured from a client device of the host to broadcast to a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, the method may include allowing a breakout participant in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to initiate content communication with the host from the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the method may include allowing the host to control a first communication in a first group of the one or more breakout rooms while controlling a second communication in a second group of the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, the method may include allowing the host to display content from a first screen being shared in a first breakout room to a second screen being shared in a second breakout room. 
     Some implementations may include an apparatus that includes a memory and a processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executed by the processor to instantiate a meeting room controlled by a host. The meeting room may be configured to allow communication among the host and meeting participants. The instructions may be executed by the processor to instantiate one or more breakout rooms associated with the meeting room. A communication within a breakout room may be limited to one or more of the meeting participants in the breakout room. The instructions may be executed by the processor to allow the host to control communication in the one or more breakout rooms without requiring the host to join the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, the instructions may be executed by the processor to output, at a client device of the host, an audio stream from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the instructions may be executed by the processor to output, at a client device of the host, chat messages from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the instructions may be executed by the processor to output, at a client device of the host, a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the instructions may be executed by the processor to display content from a client device of the host to a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, the instructions may be executed by the processor to allow the host to control a first communication in a first group of the one or more breakout rooms while controlling a second communication in a second group of the one or more breakout rooms. 
     Some implementations may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage device that includes program instructions. The program instructions may be executed by a processor that causes the processor to perform operations. The operations may include instantiating a meeting room controlled by a host. The meeting room may be configured to allow communication among the host and meeting participants. The operations may include instantiating one or more breakout rooms associated with the meeting room. A communication within a breakout room may be limited to one or more of the meeting participants in the breakout room. The operations may include allowing the host to control communication in the one or more breakout rooms without requiring the host to join the one or more breakout rooms. In one or more implementations, the operations may include outputting, at a client device of the host, an audio stream from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the operations may include outputting, at a client device of the host, chat messages from a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. In one or more implementations, the operations may include outputting, at a client device of the host, a screen being shared in a breakout room of the one or more breakout rooms to allow the host to control the communication in the breakout room. 
     Some implementations may include a method that includes instantiating a first breakout room and a second breakout room of a video conference, wherein the first breakout room and the second breakout room are controlled by a host device used by a host of the video conference, and wherein each of the first breakout room and the second breakout room includes one or more participants of the video conference; outputting, from the host device, first content to the first breakout room and second content to the second breakout room; and moving, without the host joining either of the first breakout room or the second breakout room, the first content from the first breakout room to the second breakout room. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved upon an expiration of a timer configured by the host device. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved without the host joining a main meeting room associated with the first breakout room and the second breakout room. In some implementations, the method may include displaying, to the host device, a first room tile corresponding to the first breakout room and a second room tile corresponding to the second breakout room, wherein, after the moving, the second room tile indicates the first content. In some implementations, the method may include instantiating a third breakout room in connection with the video conference; and outputting, from the host device, third content to the third breakout room, wherein the first content is moved from the first breakout room to the third breakout room before being moved to the second breakout room. In some implementations, the method may include instantiating a third breakout room and a fourth breakout room in connection with the video conference, wherein the first breakout room and the third breakout room comprise a first group that shares the second content after the moving, and the second breakout room and the fourth breakout room comprise a second group that shares the first content after the moving. In some implementations, a first audio stream associated with the first breakout room and a second audio stream associated with the second breakout room are output at the host device when the first content is output to the second breakout room. In some implementations, first chat messages associated with the first breakout room and second chat messages associated with the second breakout room are output at the host device when the first content is output to the second breakout room. 
     Some implementations may include an apparatus that includes a memory and a processor configured to execute instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executed by the processor to instantiate a first breakout room and a second breakout room of a video conference, wherein the first breakout room and the second breakout room are controlled by a host device used by a host of the video conference, and wherein each of the first breakout room and the second breakout room includes one or more participants of the video conference; output, from the host device, first content to the first breakout room and second content to the second breakout room; and move, without the host joining either of the first breakout room or the second breakout room, the first content from the first breakout room to the second breakout room. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved upon an expiration of a timer configured by the host device. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved without the host joining a main meeting room associated with the first breakout room and the second breakout room. In some implementations, the instructions may include instructions to display, to the host device, a first room tile corresponding to the first breakout room and a second room tile corresponding to the second breakout room, wherein, after the move, the second room tile indicates the first content. In some implementations, the instructions may include instructions to instantiate a third breakout room in connection with the video conference; and output, from the host device, third content to the third breakout room, wherein the first content is moved from the first breakout room to the third breakout room before being moved to the second breakout room. In some implementations, the instructions may include instructions to instantiate a third breakout room and a fourth breakout room in connection with the video conference, wherein the first breakout room and the third breakout room comprise a first group that shares the second content after the move, and the second breakout room and the fourth breakout room comprise a second group that shares the first content after the move. In some implementations, a first audio stream associated with the first breakout room and a second audio stream associated with the second breakout room are output at the host device when the first content is output to the second breakout room. 
     Some implementations may include a non-transitory computer-readable storage device that includes program instructions. The program instructions may be executed by a processor that causes the processor to perform operations. The operations may include instantiating a first breakout room and a second breakout room of a video conference, wherein the first breakout room and the second breakout room are controlled by a host device used by a host of the video conference, and wherein each of the first breakout room and the second breakout room includes one or more participants of the video conference; outputting, from the host device, first content to the first breakout room and second content to the second breakout room; and moving, without the host joining either of the first breakout room or the second breakout room, the first content from the first breakout room to the second breakout room. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved upon an expiration of a timer configured by the host device. In some implementations, the first content and the second content are moved without the host joining a main meeting room associated with the first breakout room and the second breakout room. In some implementations, the operations may include displaying, to the host device, a first room tile corresponding to the first breakout room and a second room tile corresponding to the second breakout room, wherein, after the moving, the second room tile indicates the first content. In some implementations, the operations may include instantiating a third breakout room in connection with the video conference; and outputting, from the host device, third content to the third breakout room, wherein the first content is moved from the first breakout room to the third breakout room before being moved to the second breakout room. 
     The implementations of this disclosure can be described in terms of functional block components and various processing operations. Such functional block components can be realized by a number of hardware or software components that perform the specified functions. For example, the disclosed implementations can employ various integrated circuit components (e.g., memory elements, processing elements, logic elements, look-up tables, and the like), which can carry out a variety of functions under the control of one or more microprocessors or other control devices. Similarly, where the elements of the disclosed implementations are implemented using software programming or software elements, the systems and techniques can be implemented with a programming or scripting language, such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, assembler, or the like, with the various algorithms being implemented with a combination of data structures, objects, processes, routines, or other programming elements. 
     Functional aspects can be implemented in algorithms that execute on one or more processors. Furthermore, the implementations of the systems and techniques disclosed herein could employ a number of conventional techniques for electronics configuration, signal processing or control, data processing, and the like. The words “mechanism” and “component” are used broadly and are not limited to mechanical or physical implementations, but can include software routines in conjunction with processors, etc. Likewise, the terms “system” or “tool” as used herein and in the figures, but in any event based on their context, may be understood as corresponding to a functional unit implemented using software, hardware (e.g., an integrated circuit, such as an ASIC), or a combination of software and hardware. In certain contexts, such systems or mechanisms may be understood to be a processor-implemented software system or processor-implemented software mechanism that is part of or callable by an executable program, which may itself be wholly or partly composed of such linked systems or mechanisms. 
     Implementations or portions of implementations of the above disclosure can take the form of a computer program product accessible from, for example, a computer-usable or computer-readable medium. A computer-usable or computer-readable medium can be a device that can, for example, tangibly contain, store, communicate, or transport a program or data structure for use by or in connection with a processor. The medium can be, for example, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor device. 
     Other suitable mediums are also available. Such computer-usable or computer-readable media can be referred to as non-transitory memory or media, and can include volatile memory or non-volatile memory that can change over time. The quality of memory or media being non-transitory refers to such memory or media storing data for some period of time or otherwise based on device power or a device power cycle. A memory of an apparatus described herein, unless otherwise specified, does not have to be physically contained by the apparatus, but is one that can be accessed remotely by the apparatus, and does not have to be contiguous with other memory that might be physically contained by the apparatus. 
     While the disclosure has been described in connection with certain implementations, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not to be limited to the disclosed implementations but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims, which scope is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures as is permitted under the law.