Patent Publication Number: US-2015074941-A1

Title: Door hinge device

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a hinge device using hydraulic pressure so that a door can be opened or closed through rotations, and more particularly, to a door hinge device that can be built at a lower cost, facilitates the opening and closing of the door, has improved durability for a longer service life, can control the angle at which the door is opened and fixed, and can prevent the door from being suddenly opened. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     A hinged swing door designed to be opened and closed as a user pushes or pulls it in an inward or outward direction is a typical type of a door structure and is generally installed inside or outside a building. In case that such a hinged swing door is installed at an entrance of a building, it may be randomly opened or closed even by a predetermined external force, for example, by wind, etc. Even when it is installed inside a building, it may be randomly opened or closed at high speed by even small force, which may lead to the damages of the door and causing accident. In order to prevent such problems of a hinged swing door, there is a shock absorber designed to decelerate the opening and closing speeds of a door when a predetermined level of force is applied to the hinged swing door. 
     As a typical shock absorber widely used in related arts, there is a floor-mounted hinge characterized in that a groove is formed on a bottom surface of a door frame, and the floor-mounted hinge is fixedly inserted in the groove, and an end of a rotary shaft is inserted in the floor-mounted hinge, thus controlling the opening and closing speeds of the door. Since the floor-mounted hinge needs some parts for controlling the opening and closing speeds of the door, the device becomes bulky. In order to use the above-mentioned floor-mounted hinge, the door frame may be grooved as deep as the volume of the floor-mounted hinge, so installation needs hard work, and cost increases. 
     In recent years, a hydraulic pressure shock absorber attached to a door and designed to control the opening and closing speeds of the door using hydraulic pressure is being developed; however such shock absorber is not easy to use and has bad durability because friction between inner parts increases during the use of the product, and it is impossible to adjust the angle at which the door is opened and fixed and effectively control the opening and closing speeds of the door when the door is opened or closed using only hydraulic pressure. 
     DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     Accordingly, the present invention is made in an effort to resolve the aforementioned problems. 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a door hinge device which makes it possible to save construction cost in such a way to easily install a door hinge device at an upper side or a lower side of a door. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a door hinge device which makes it possible to conveniently open or close a door because a roller rolls along an outer side surface of a protrusion part when a door is opened and closed and enhance durability in such a way to minimize the friction between installed parts, thus reducing any errors at the device and obtaining a longer service life. 
     It is further another object of the present invention to provide a door hinge device which makes it possible to adjust the angle at which a door is opened and fixed in such a way to provide a plurality of roller mounting parts formed at regular intervals at an outer side surface of a protrusion part and change the roller mounting parts on which the roller is mounted. 
     It is still further another object of the present invention to provide a door hinge device which makes it possible to prevent any accident which may occur as a door is suddenly closed, in such a way to provide a quick rotation prevention part which comes into contact with one side surface of the protrusion part when the contacting protrusion part and roller depart from each other while the door is being closed. 
     Solution of Problem 
     In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention may be implemented by means of exemplary embodiments based on the following constructions. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a door hinge device comprising an engaging accommodation part which is engaged to the door and moves together with the door and includes an accommodation space part configured to accommodate fluid; a shaft part which is disposed in the accommodation space part and of which one end protrudes from the engaging accommodation part and is fixed at a door frame; a movement part which is disposed in the accommodation space part and is connected to the shaft part so that the movement part reciprocates in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part and rotates at a predetermined angle about the shaft part; and an elastic part which is disposed in the accommodation space part and is configured to pressurize an end of the movement part, wherein the shaft part comprises a protrusion part eccentrically protruding from an outer side surface, and the movement part comprises a roller part formed at one side and having a roller rolling about a roller shaft, and when the door is opened, the movement part rotates about the shaft part, and the roller rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part, so the movement part moves in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part, thus pressurizing the elastic part. 
     According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the protrusion part comprises a roller mounting part which is depressed from an outer side surface to an inner side, one side surface of the roller being mounted on the roller mounting part, and the door can be opened and fixed in such a way that the roller is mounted on the roller mounting part. 
     According to further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, there are provided a plurality of the roller mounting parts at regular intervals on an outer side surface of the protrusion part, so the angle at which the door is opened and fixed can be changed based on the roller mounting part on which the roller is mounted. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the movement part further comprises a quick rotation prevention part which is formed at one side and comes into contact with the protrusion part when the contacting protrusion part and roller is departed while the door is being closed, for thereby preventing quick rotations of the movement part. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the movement part further comprises a first head contacted with elastic part, a second head disposed at a predetermined interval from the first head, and a connection part interconnecting the first head and the second head, wherein the first head and the second head each include a fluid flow hole which is passed through for fluid to flow. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the movement part further comprises an opening and closing ball movably disposed in the fluid flow hole of the second head, and the fluid flow hole of the second head comprises a first pass through hole formed near the connection part and having a predetermined diameter, and a second pass through hole which extends from the first pass through hole and has a diameter larger than that of the first pass through hole, and the opening and closing ball has a diameter larger than that of the first pass through hole, but smaller than that of the second pass through hole. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the first head further comprises a support shoulder protruding from one side surface and configured to support the roller, and the roller is disposed between a lower surface of the connection part and an upper surface of the support shoulder, and the roller shaft is fixedly inserted in regular sequence in the support shoulder, the roller and the connection part. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the engaging accommodation part is depressed on an inner surface at a predetermined interval and is connected and comprises a fluid flow passage through which the fluid of the accommodation space part flow, and as the door is opened and closed, the second head opens or closes the fluid flow passage. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the engaging accommodation part is depressed on an outer surface and communicates with the fluid flow passage and further comprises a hydraulic pressure adjusting passage in which a hydraulic pressure adjusting part is inserted so as to adjust the amount of fluid flowing through the fluid flow passage. 
     According to still further another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in the door hinge device, the fluid flow passage is installed in pair at a front side and a rear side at a predetermined interval, and one fluid flow passage is shorter than the other fluid flow passage, so when the movement part moves in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part, the second head opens or closes the one fluid flow passage. 
     Advantageous effects 
     The present invention may have the following advantageous effects from the exemplary embodiments, constructions and applicability below. 
     The present invention makes it possible to save construction cost in such a way to easily install a door hinge device at an upper side or a lower side of a door. 
     Also, the present invention makes it possible to conveniently open or close a door because a roller rolls along an outer side surface of a protrusion part when a door is opened and closed and enhance durability in such a way to minimize the friction between installed parts, thus reducing any errors at the device and obtaining a longer service life. 
     Also, the present invention makes it possible to adjust the angle at which a door is opened and fixed in such a way to provide a plurality of roller mounting parts formed at regular intervals on an outer side surface of a protrusion part and change the roller mounting parts on which the roller is mounted. 
     Also, the present invention makes it possible to prevent any accident which may occur as a door is suddenly closed in such a way to provide a quick rotation prevention part which comes into contact with one side surface of the protrusion part when the contacting protrusion part and roller depart from each other while the door is being closed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a reference view for describing a door structure having a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a reference view for describing an engaging relationship of a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a disassembled perspective view illustrating a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross sectional view illustrating an accommodation part body cut along line A-A of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view illustrating a shaft part used at a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view illustrating a movement part of a hinge device when it is viewed from its lower side according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line A-A of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line B-B of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed. 
         FIG. 9  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line C-C of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed. 
         FIGS. 10 ,  11 ,  12 ,  13 ,  14  and  15  are reference views for describing an operational procedure of a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     The door hinge device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terms appearing throughout the specification, unless otherwise stated, are same as the terms that a person skilled in the art can easily understand, and if their interpretations collide with the terms used throughout the specification, the interpretations there are subject to the definitions of the specification. The known functions or constructions which may make the subject matters unclear, may be omitted from the descriptions. 
       FIG. 1  is a reference view for describing a door structure having a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 2  is a reference view for describing an engaging relationship of a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 3  is a disassembled perspective view illustrating a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 4  is a cross sectional view illustrating an accommodation part body cut along line A-A of  FIG. 3 .  FIG. 5  is a perspective view illustrating a shaft part used at a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 6  is a perspective view illustrating a movement part of a hinge device when it is viewed from its lower side according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 7  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line A-A of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed.  FIG. 8  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line B-B of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed.  FIG. 9  is a cross sectional view illustrating a hinge device cut along line C-C of  FIG. 2  in a state that a door is closed.  FIGS. 10 to 15  are reference views for describing an operational procedure of a hinge device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 to 15 , the hinge device  1  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention comprises an engaging accommodation part  11  which is engaged to a door  2  and moves together with the door  2  and has an accommodation space part  111   b  configured to accommodate fluid, a shaft part  12  which is disposed in the accommodation space part  111   b  and of which one end protrudes from the engaging accommodation part  11  and is fixed at a door frame, a movement part  13  which is disposed in the accommodation space part  111   b  and is connected to the shaft part so that the movement part  13  reciprocates in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b  and is configured to rotate at a predetermined angle about the shaft part  12  and is connected to the shaft part  12 , and an elastic part  14  which is disposed in the accommodation space part  111   b  and is configured to pressurizes an end of the movement part  13 , wherein the movement part  13  comprises a roller part  134  formed at one side and having a roller  134   a  configured to rotate about the roller shaft  134   b , and when the door  2  is opened, the movement part  13  rotates about the shaft part  12 , and the roller  134   a  rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 , so the movement part  13  moves in the longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b , thus pressurizing the elastic part  14 . 
     The engaging relationship of the door hinge device  1  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2 . A fixing support part  3  is installed on the bottom surface of the building, and a lower end of the door  2  is inserted into an upper end of the hinge device  1 , and a cover  4  is covered over an outer surface of the hinge device  1 , and the door  2  and the hinge device  1  are engaged, and an end part  121  of the shaft part  12  protruding from a lower side of the hinge device  1  is inserted in the fixing support part  3 , and the rotary shaft  5  formed at the upper side of the door  2  is rotatably inserted in the building. The end part  121  of the shaft part  12  is not rotatable since it is fixedly inserted in the fixing support part  3 , but the hinge device  1  engaged to the door  2  is rotatable about the shaft part  12 , so the door  2  may be swung open or close when a user pulls or pushes the door  2 . Part of the building in which the end part  121  of the hinge device  1  connected to the door  2  and the rotary shaft  5  are inserted, may be called a door frame including the fixing support part  3 . Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the hinge device  1  is installed at a lower side of the door  2 , but the hinge device  1  may be installed at an upper side of the door  2 . In this case, the fixing support part  3  is installed on top of the building, and the rotary shaft  5  is formed at a lower side of the door  2  and is rotatably inserted into a lower side of the building. The hinge device  1  may be easily installed at an upper end or a lower end of the door  2 , thus saving construction cost. 
     The engaging accommodation part  11  is engaged to the door  2  and moves together and is configured to accommodate fluid, the shaft part  12 , the movement part  13  and the elastic part  14  which will be described in details later and comprises an accommodation part body  111 , a cap  112  and a holder  113 . 
     The accommodation part body  111  forms an exterior of the engaging accommodation part  11  and comprises a door engaging part  111   a , an accommodation space part  111   b , a cap engaging part  111   c , a holder engaging part  111   d , a fluid flow passage  111   e , a hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f , a hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g  and a bearing mounting groove  111   h.    
     The door engaging part  111   a  is depressed on top of the accommodation part body  111 , so an end of the door  2  is inserted. Since the door  2  is fixedly inserted in the door engaging part  111   a , the hinge device  1  may be stably engaged to the door  2 . 
     The accommodation space part  111   b  is an empty space formed in the interior of the accommodation part body  111  and preferably has a predetermined shape, and more preferably has a cylindrical shape. In the accommodation space part  111   b  are inserted the fluid, the shaft part  12 , the movement part  13  and the elastic part  14 , and the fluid may be hydraulic pressure oil. The accommodation space part  111   b  may be divided into three parts by means of the movement part  13 . The movement part  13  and the construction of the same will be described in details later. 
     The cap engaging part  111   c  is depressed on one side surface of the accommodation part body  111  and communicates with the accommodation space part  111   b  and is configured to position the fluid, the movement part  13  and the elastic part  14  through the cap engaging part  111   c  into the accommodation space part  111   b.    
     The holder engaging part  111   d  is depressed on in a lower side of the accommodation part body  111  and communicates with the accommodation space part  111   b  and is configured to position the shaft part  12  through the holder engaging part  111   d  into the accommodation space part  111   b.    
     The fluid flow passages  111   e  are depressed at regular intervals on an inner surface of the accommodation part body  111  and are connected, thus allowing the fluid of the accommodation space part  111   b  to flow. Referring to  FIGS. 2 ,  3  and  9 , a pair of the fluid flow passages  111   e  are installed at front and rear sides with a predetermined interval between them. Here, the fluid flow passage  111   e  formed at the front side is called a first fluid flow passage  111   e ′, and the fluid flow passage  111   e  formed at the rear side is called a second fluid flow passage  111   e ″. The portion depressed on an inner surface of the accommodation part body  111  near the cap engaging part  111   c  is called first depressed fluid flow passages  111   ea ′ and  111   ea ″, and the portion depressed at a predetermined interval from the first depressed fluid flow passages  111   ea ′ and  111   ea ″ is called second depressed fluid flow passages  111   eb ′ and  111   eb ″. The portions interconnecting the first depressed fluid flow passages  111   ea ′ and  111   ea ″ and the second depressed fluid flow passages  111   eb ′ and  111   eb ″ are called connection fluid flow passages  111   ec ′ and  111   ec ″. Here, the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′ is formed longer than the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″. The fluid flow passage  111   e  is opened or closed in accordance with reciprocation of the movement part  13 . The operations thereof will be described in details later. 
     The hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f  is depressed on an outer side surface of the accommodation part body  111  and communicates with the fluid flow passage  111   e . A hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g  is inserted in the hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f . The hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f  communicating with the first fluid flow passage  111   e  is called a first hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f ′, and the hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f  communicating with the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ is called a second hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f″.    
     The hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   g  is inserted in the hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f , thus adjusting the amount of fluid flowing through the fluid flow passage  111   e . It is formed in a long and circular cylinder shape and is thread-engaged to the accommodation part body  111 . The amount of the fluid flowing through the fluid flow passage  111   e  adjusted by adjusting the depth that the hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g  is inserted in the hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f , thus controlling the hydraulic pressure of the hinge device  1 . Here, the hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g  inserted in the first hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f ′ is called a first hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g ′, and the hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g  inserted in the second hydraulic pressure adjusting passage  111   f ″ is called a second hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g ″. It is possible to make same or different the amount of fluid flowing through the first fluid flow passage  11   e ′ and the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ through the hydraulic pressure adjusting part  111   g.    
     The bearing mounting groove  111   h  is depressed on top of the inner surface of the accommodation part body  111 . On the bearing mounting groove  111   h  is mounted a bearing  125  which surrounds the front part  124  of the shaft part  12 . 
     The cap  112  is inserted in the cap engaging part  111   c  and is thread-engaged to the accommodation part body  111  for thereby opening or closing the cap engaging part  111   c . A water tight member  114  is disposed between the accommodation part body  111  and the cap  112 . Here, the water tight member  114  may be an O-ring. 
     The holder  113  is inserted in the holder engaging part  111   d  and is thread-engaged to the accommodation part body  111  for thereby closing the holder engaging part  111   d . A water tight member  115  is disposed between the accommodation part body  111  and the holder  113 . The holder  111 , for example, may have a cylindrical shape whose top is open and may have a shaft pass through hole  113   a  which passes through from bottom and from which the end part  121  of the shaft part  12  protrudes. 
     The shaft part  12  is inserted through the holder engaging part  111   d  into the accommodation space part  111   b , and an end of the shaft part protrudes from the engaging accommodation part  11  and is inserted in the fixing support part  3 . The shaft part comprises an end part  121 , an extension part  122 , a protrusion part  123  and a front end part  124 . 
     The end part  121  forms an end of the shaft part  12  and has a section of a non-circular shape and protrudes from a shaft pass through hole  113   a  of the holder  113  and is inserted in the fixing support part  3 . The end part  121  has a non-circular shape and is inserted in the fixing support part  3 , so when the door  2  is opened or closed, the shaft part  12  is fixed, not moving, even when the hinge device  1  moves together with the door  2 . 
     The extension part  122  extends from a front end of the end part  121  and has a section of a circular shape. A bearing is inserted in a lower, outer end of the extension part  122 . A water tight member  127  is inserted in a lower end of the extension part  122  for thereby preventing the fluid from leaking through a shaft tube hole  113   a  of the holder  113 . 
     The protrusion part  123  eccentrically protrudes from an outer side surface of the extension part  122 , so the roller  134   a  of the movement part  13  rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123  when the door  2  is swung open or close. On an outer side surface of the protrusion part  12  is provided a roller mounting part  123   a  which is inwardly grooved in order for one side surface of the roller  134   a  to be mounted thereon. Since the roller  134   a  is mounted on the roller mounting part  123   a , the door  2  may maintain an open or closed state. A plurality of roller mounting parts  123   a  are formed at regular intervals on an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 , so the angle at which the door  2  is opened and fixed may be changed with the aid of the roller mounting parts  123   a  on which the roller  134   a  is mounted. 
     The front end part  124  has a predetermined diameter portion at the front end of the extension part  122 , so a bearing  126  may be inserted into an outer surface thereof. The bearing  126  surrounding the front end part  124  is mounted on the bearing mounting groove  111   h.    
     The movement part  13  is inserted through the cap engaging part  111   c  into the accommodation space part  111   b  and is connected to the shaft part  12  so that it can reciprocate in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b  and can rotate at a predetermined angle about the shaft part  12 . Since the movement part  13  reciprocates in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b , the fluid of the accommodation space part  111   b  may move, thus decelerating the speed at which the door  2  is opened or closed. The movement part  13  comprises a first head  131 , a second head  132 , a connection part  133 , a roller part  134  and an opening and closing ball  135 . 
     The first head  131  is configured to come into contact with the elastic part  14  and divide the accommodation space part  111   b  into two spaces. Hereinafter, the accommodation space part  111   b  of the left side divided by the first head  131  is called a first accommodation space  1111 , and the accommodation space part  111   b  of the right side is called a second accommodation space  1112 . The first head  131  has a predetermined shape, but preferably has a short, circular cylinder shape. The first head  131  comprises a fluid flow hole  131   a  and a support shoulder  131   b.    
     The fluid flow hole  131   a  passes through the first head  131  by providing a space through which the fluid may pass. Since the door  2  is opened or closed, the movement part  13  reciprocates in a longitudinal direction in the accommodation space part  111   b , so the fluid in the first accommodation space  1111  flows through the fluid flow hole  131   a  into the second accommodation space  1112 , and the fluid in the second accommodation space  1112  flows into the first accommodation space  1111 . 
     The support shoulder  131   b  protrudes from one side of the first head  131  and supports the roller  134   a . A hollow part is formed at the support shoulder  131   b , and the roller shaft  134   b  is inserted into the follow part. 
     The second head  132  is spaced apart at a predetermined interval from the first head  131  and is positioned in the accommodation space part  111   b  and divides the accommodation space part  111   b  into two spaces. Hereinafter, the accommodation space part  111   b  of the left side divided by the second head  132  is called a second accommodation space  1112 , and the accommodation space part  111   b  of the right side is called a third accommodation space  1113 . The second accommodation space  1112  means part of the accommodation space part  111   b  surrounded by the first head  131  and the second head  132 . The second head  132  has a predetermined shape, but preferably has a short, circular cylinder shape. The second head  132  comprises a construction of the fluid flow hole  132   a  etc. 
     The fluid flow hole  132   a  passes through the second head  132  by providing a space through which the fluid can flow. An opening and closing ball  135  is inserted in the fluid flow hole  132   a . The fluid flow hole  132   a  comprises a first through hole  1321  formed near the second space part  1112  and having a predetermined diameter, a second through hole  1322  which extends from the first through hole  1321  and is formed near the third space part  1113  and has a diameter larger than the first through hole  1321 , and an engaging shoulder  1323  which protrudes from around an end of the second fluid flow hole  1322  and is configured to prevent the opening and closing ball  135  from disengaging from the fluid flow hole  132   a.    
     The connection part  133  is disposed between the first head  131  and the second head  132  and is configured to interconnect the first head  131  and the second head  132 . The connection part  133  has a predetermined shape, but preferably has a circular cylinder shape whose bottom surface is half cut in a flat shape. The connection part  133  comprises an insertion groove  133   a , and a quick rotation prevention part  133   b.    
     The insertion groove  133   a  passes through the connection part  133  from its top to bottom. The extension part  122  of the shaft part  12  is inserted in the insertion groove  133   a . Part of the extension part  122  protrudes. As the door  2  is opened or closed, the movement part  13  rotates about the shaft part  12  and reciprocates in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b . So, the insertion groove  133   a  is preferably characterized in that the curved surfaces of both sides of the horizontal cross section are formed in an elliptical shape corresponding to the curved shape of the extension part  122 . 
     The quick rotation prevention part  133   b  protrudes from a lower surface of the connection part  133  near the second head  132 . When the door  2  is closed, the movement part  13  abruptly and then slowly starts moving in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b . When the contacting protrusion part  123  and roller  134   a  are disengaged, it comes into contact with the other side surface of the protrusion part  123 , thus preventing quick rotations of the movement part  13 . 
     The roller part  134  is formed at one side of the movement part  13  and comes into contact with an outer surface of the protrusion part  123  and comprises a roller  134   a , and a roller shaft  134   b.    
     The roller  134   a  is disposed between a lower surface of the connection part  133  and an upper surface of the support shoulder  131   b  and comes into contact with an outer surface of the protrusion part  123 . The roller  134   a  has a predetermined shape and is made from a predetermined material, but preferably it has a ring shape and is made from a metallic material. The roller  134   a  is mounted on the roller mounting part  123   a  of the protrusion part  123  in a state that the door is closed and the door is fully opened and fixed. When the door  2  is being opened or closed, the roller  134   a  comes into contact with an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123  and rotates. 
     The roller shaft  134   b  is fixedly inserted in regular sequence into the support shoulder  131   b , the roller  134   a  and the connection part  133 . When the door  2  is opened or closed, the movement part  13  rotates about the shaft part  12 , so the roller  134   a  rolls along an outer surface of the protrusion part  123 . The roller part  134  is provided in pair at front and rear sides at a predetermined interval. 
     The opening and closing ball  135  is inserted in the fluid flow hole  132   a  and is movable therein. The opening and closing ball  135  has a predetermine diameter larger than the first pass through hole  1321 , but smaller than the second pass through hole  1322 . When the door  2  is opened, the fluid in the second accommodation space  1112  inflows through the first pass through hole  1321 , thus allowing the opening and closing ball  135  to be positioned at the side of the second pass through hole  1322 , so it moves into the third accommodation space  1113 . When the door  2  is closed, the fluid in the third accommodation space  11113  inflows through the second pass through hole  1322 , thus pushing the opening and closing ball  135  toward the first pass through hole  1321 , so the opening and closing ball  135  blocks the first pass through hole  1321 , whereby the fluid cannot move into the second accommodation space  1112  through the fluid flow hole  132   a.    
     The elastic part  14  is positioned in the accommodation space part  111   b , thus pressurizing the movement part  13 . It may be an elastic spring. The elastic part  14  is disposed between one side surface of the interior of the accommodation part body  111  and an outer side surface of the first head  131  and is contracted or released when the movement part  13  reciprocates in a longitudinal direction of the accommodation space part  111   b.    
       FIG. 10  is a cross sectional view taken along line B-B of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device when a door is being opened, and  FIG. 11  is a cross sectional view taken along line A-A of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device when a door is opened at an angle of 90° and then is fixed, and  FIG. 12  is a cross sectional view taken along line B-B of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device when a door is opened at an angle of 90° and then is fixed, and  FIG. 13  is a cross sectional view taken along line B-B of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device when a door is opened at an angle of 105° and then is fixed, and  FIG. 14  is a cross sectional view taken along line B-B of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device when a door is being closed after it is opened and then is fixed, and  FIG. 15  is a cross sectional view taken along line C-C of  FIG. 2  while illustrating a hinge device in order to describe an operational procedure during which a second head opens a fluid flow passage as the door is opened or closed. 
     The operational procedures of the hinge device  1  having the above described construction will be described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 15 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 ,  7 ,  8  and  9 , when the door  2  of the right side is pushed in a state that the door  2  is closed, when viewing from the lower side, the door  2  rotates in a counterclockwise direction about the shaft part  12  and the rotary shaft  5 , and the engaging accommodation part  11  engaged to the door  2  moves together, and the movement part  13  accommodated in the engaging accommodation part  11  rotates in a counterclockwise direction about the shaft part  12 . As the movement part  13  rotates in a counterclockwise direction, the roller  134   a  departs from the roller mounting part  123   aa  and, as illustrated in  FIG. 10 , rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 . As the roller  134   a  rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123  which eccentrically protrudes from the extension part  122 , the movement part  13  moves toward the elastic part  14 , thus pressurizing the elastic part  14 . At this time, the fluid in the first accommodation space  1111  moves through the fluid flow hole  131   a  into the second accommodation space  1112 , and part of the fluid in the second accommodation space  1112  inflows through the first pass through hole  1321  of the second head  132  and pushes the opening and closing ball  135  toward the second pass through hole  1322 , so the fluid moves through the fluid flow hole  132   a  into the third accommodation space  1113 . While part of the fluid first moves through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′ into the third accommodation space  1113 , when the elastic part  14  is compressed, as illustrated in (a) of  FIG. 15 , the first depressed flow passage  111   ea ″ of the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ is opened, so the fluid moves through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′ and the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″. Since the fluid in the first accommodation space  1111  and the second accommodation space  1112  move into the second accommodation space  1112  and the third accommodation space  1113 , it is possible to prevent the door from being easily opened. 
     When the door  2  is opened at an angle of 90°, referring to  FIGS. 11 and 12  and (b) of  FIG. 15 , the roller  134   a  is mounted on the roller mounting part  123   ab , so the door  2  is opened at an angle of 90° and is fixed, and the fluid does not flow through the fluid flow holes  131   a  and  132   a  and the fluid flow passage  111   e . When the door  2  which is opened at an angle of 90° and is fixed is further pushed and rotates in a counterclockwise direction, as illustrated in  FIG. 13 , the roller  134   a  is mounted on the roller mounting part  123   ac  positioned at further right side as compared to the roller mounting part  123   ab , so the door  2  can be opened at an angle of 105° and then can be fixed. 
     When the door  2  is pulled in a state that the door  2  is pushed open at an angle of 90° and is fixed, when viewing from lower side, the door  2  rotates in a clockwise direction about the shaft part  12  and the rotary shaft  5 . As the door  2  rotates in a clockwise direction, the engaging part  11  engaged to the door  2  moves together, and the movement part  13  accommodated in the engaging accommodation part  11  rotates in a clockwise direction about the shaft part  12 . As the movement part  13  rotates in a clockwise direction, the roller  134   a  departs from the roller mounting part  123   ab  and rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 . As the roller  134   a  rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 , the movement part  13  releases a pressurized state of the elastic part  14 , and the elastic part  14  is loosened, and the movement part  13  moves in the opposite direction of the elastic part  14 . Since the movement part  13  moves in the opposite direction of the elastic part  14 , the fluid moves through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′ and the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ from the third accommodation space  1113  to the second accommodation space  1112 . After a predetermined time, in a state that the door  2  is opened at an angle of 30°, as illustrated in (c) of  FIG. 15 , the first depressed fluid flow passage  111   ea ″ of the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ is closed by means of the second head  132 , and the fluid moves only through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′, the closing speed of the door  2  may be decelerated. In this case, the opening and closing ball  135  at the second head  132  blocks the first pass through hole  1321  by means of the fluid inputted through the second pass through hole  1322 , so the fluid in the third accommodation space  1113  cannot move through the fluid flow hole  132   a  into the second accommodation space  1112 . Thereafter, in case that the door  2  is fully closed, as illustrated in  FIGS. 7 ,  8  and  9 , the roller  134   a  is mounted on the roller mounting part  123   aa , so the fluid no longer moves. 
     On the other hand, in a state that the door  2  is opened and fixed, when the door  2  is closed, as described earlier, while the fluid in the third accommodation space  1113  moves through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′ and the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ into the second accommodation space  1112 , the elastic part  14  is loosened, and the second fluid flow passage  111   e ″ is closed, and the fluid flows only through the first fluid flow passage  111   e ′, so suddenly the movement part  13  slowly moves in the opposite direction of the elastic part  14 , and the contact between the outer side surface of the protrusion part  123  and the roller  134   a  is departed, whereby the door  2  may not be decelerated. The hinge device  1  comprises a quick rotation prevention part  133   b  at a lower surface of the connection part  133 . As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the other side surface of the protrusion part  123  comes into contact with the quick rotation prevention part  133   b , so the rotation of the movement part  13  is decelerated. As the movement part  13  tends to keep rotating, the movement part  13  is pushed, and the roller  134   a  comes into contact again with one side surface of the protrusion part  123 , and the movement part  13  moves in the opposite direction of the elastic part  14 , and the fluid flows from the second accommodation space  1112  and the third accommodation space  1113  to the first accommodation space  1111  and the second accommodation space  1112 . 
     In the hinge device  1 , since the roller  134   a  rolls along an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123  when the door  2  is opened or closed, it is possible to conveniently open or close the door  2 , and durability may be enhanced by reducing frictions between the parts, thus reducing errors in the device along with a longer service life. In addition, the hinge device  1  comprises a plurality of roller mounting parts  123  formed at regular intervals on an outer side surface of the protrusion part  123 . So, it is possible to adjust the angle at which the door  2  is opened and then fixed in such a way to change the roller mounting parts  123   a  on which the roller  134  is mounted. In addition, there is further provided a quick rotation prevention part  133   b  which comes into contact with one side surface of the protrusion part  123  when the contacting protrusion part  123  and roller  134   a  is departed while the door  2  is closed, by which it is possible to prevent any accident in advance which may occur when the door  2  is suddenly closed. 
     As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described examples are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, unless otherwise specified, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.