Patent Publication Number: US-2022228644-A1

Title: Vertical Cable Railing Assembly

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a Continuation Application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/561,243, filed on Sep. 5, 2019, entitled, “Vertical Cable Railing Assembly,” issuing as U.S. Pat. No. 11,300,180, and is relataed to and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application, Ser. No. 62/727,763, filed on Sep. 6, 2018, entitled “Vertical Cable Railing System”. The subject matter disclosed in these applications is hereby expressly incorporated into the present Application. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD AND SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure relates to railings, fences, and like barriers, and, particularly, to the use of cable balusters employed in such railings, fences, and like barriers. 
     An illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure provides a railing system. The railing system comprises a horizontally-oriented upper rail and a horizontally-oriented lower rail. The horizontally-oriented upper rail is spaced-apart from the horizontally-oriented lower rail. The horizontally-oriented lower rail has an n-shaped cross-sectional profile that includes a first sidewall, a second sidewall spaced-apart and facing the first sidewall, and a top panel that extends between and connected to the first and second side walls. At least one cable extends between the spaced-apart horizontally-oriented upper and lower rails, and through an opening in the top panel and between the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls of the horizontally-oriented lower rail. The at least one cable includes a stop sleeve disposed about the cable and is positioned adjacent an end of the at least one cable. So, together, the stop sleeve and the at least one cable have a width greater than the at least one cable. A cable tensioner having a partially cylindrical body, a partially threaded outer surface, a bore disposed through the partially cylindrical body, and a stop surface located adjacent an opening on the cable tensioner. The at least one cable and the stop sleeve are located in the bore of the cable tensioner where the stop sleeve is engageable with the stop surface of the cable tensioner. An adapter that includes a body, a partially cylindrical bore that extends into the body, and first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body. At least a portion of the cable tensioner fits into the partially cylindrical bore of the adapter. A fastener having a threaded bore disposed therethrough and a contact surface adjacent the threaded bore. The partially threaded outer surface of the partially cylindrical body of the cable tensioner is threadingly engaged to the threaded bore of the fastener. The contact surface of the fastener engages the contact surface on the body of the adapter with a portion of the at least one cable, cable stop sleeve, and tensioner located within the partially cylindrical bore of the adapter. The first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body of the adapter form a surface located in contact with an underside surface of the top panel between the first and second side walls of the horizontally-oriented lower rail. Adjustment of the fastener allows the cable tensioner to selectively move towards and away from the underside surface of the top panel of the horizontally-oriented lower rail. 
     In the above and other embodiments, the railing system may further comprise: at least one rigid baluster extending between the horizontally-oriented upper rail and the horizontally-oriented lower rail, wherein the at least one baluster extends through a baluster opening disposed through the top panel of the horizontally-oriented lower rail, wherein each of the first and second sidewalls of the horizontally-oriented lower rail include a slot, wherein a panel is disposed in the slot and configured to receive an end of the at least one baluster to limit the spaced-apart distance between the horizontally-oriented upper rail and the horizontally-oriented lower rail; the first and second opposing flanges each include one radiused corner wherein the radiused corner of the first opposing flange is diagonally positioned with respect to the radiused corner of the second opposing flange; the partially cylindrical bore in the adapter includes at least one planar sidewall; the fastener being a nut; the baluster being wedged between the panel located in the horizontally-oriented lower rail and a second end of the baluster engaged with the horizontally-oriented upper rail; as the at least one baluster limits the spaced-apart distance between the horizontally-oriented upper rail and the horizontally-oriented lower rail, the at least one cable that extends between the spaced-apart horizontally-oriented upper and lower rails is tensioned by the cable tensioner selectively moved away from the underside surface of the top panel of the horizontally-oriented lower rail; the at least one cable is a plurality of cables, wherein each cable of the plurality of cables includes a stop sleeve disposed about the cable and positioned adjacent an end of the cable, so together the stop sleeve and the cable have a width greater than the cable, a cable tensioner having a partially cylindrical body, a partially threaded outer surface, a bore disposed through the partially cylindrical body, and a stop surface located adjacent an opening on the cable tensioner, wherein the cable and the stop sleeve are located in the bore of the cable tensioner where the stop sleeve is engageable with the stop surface of the cable tensioner; an adapter that includes a body, a partially cylindrical bore that extends into the body, and first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body, wherein at least a portion of the cable tensioner fits into the partially cylindrical bore of the adapter, and a fastener having a threaded bore disposed therethrough and a contact surface adjacent the threaded bore; the partially threaded outer surface of the partially cylindrical body of the cable tensioner for each cable of the plurality of cables is threadingly engaged to the threaded bore of the fastener, the contact surface of the fastener engages the contact surface on the body of the adapter with a portion of the cable, cable stop sleeve and tensioner located within the partially cylindrical bore of the adapter; the first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body of the adapter to form a surface located in contact with an underside surface of the top panel between the first and second sidewalls of the horizontally-oriented lower rail, and the adjustment of the fastener allows the cable tensioner to selectively move towards and away from the underside surface of the top panel of the horizontally-oriented lower rail; the horizontally-oriented upper rail includes a slot that faces the horizontally-oriented lower rail, wherein a longitudinally extending retainer plate engages the periphery of the slot, wherein the retainer plate includes an opening size to receive the at least one cable, but not a second stop sleeve located adjacent a second end of the cable, wherein the second end of the cable and stop sleeve are located within the horizontally-extending upper rail and engages the retainer plate, wherein a baluster opening is disposed of through the retainer plate and configured to receive a baluster having an end located within the horizontally-extending upper rail; and the plate fitted within each of the slots located on opposing sidewalls of the horizontally-extending lower rail, does not shroud the adapter located in the horizontally-extending lower rail. 
     Another illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure provides a railing system. The railing system comprises a first rail and a second rail where the first rail is spaced apart from the second rail. At least one cable that extends between the spaced-apart first and second rails, and extended through an opening in a top panel located between spaced-apart first and second sidewalls of the second rail. The at least one cable includes a stop sleeve disposed about the cable and positioned adjacent an end of the at least one cable. A cable tensioner having a body, a bore disposed through the body, and a stop surface located adjacent an opening in the cable tensioner. The at least one cable with its stop sleeve is located in the bore of the cable tensioner where the stop sleeve is engageable with the stop surface of the cable tensioner. An adapter that includes a body and a bore that extends into the body. At least a portion of the cable tensioner fits into the bore of the adapter. The body of the adapter forms a surface located in contact with an underside surface of the top panel of the second rail between the first and second sidewalls of the second rail. 
     In the above and other embodiments, the railing system may further comprise: a fastener having a threaded bore disposed therethrough and a contact surface adjacent the threaded bore, the partially threaded outer surface of the body of the cable tensioner threadedly engages the threaded bore of the fastener; the contact surface of the fastener engages a contact surface on the body of the adapter with a portion of the at least one cable, cable stop, and tensioner are located within the bore of the adapter; the adapter further includes first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body of the adapter and form a surface with the body located in contact with an underside surface of the top panel between the first and second sidewalls of the second rail; adjustment of the fastener allows the cable tensioner to selectively move towards and away from the underside surface of the top panel of the second rail. 
     Another illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure includes a method of assembling a rail system. The method comprises the steps of: providing a rail member that has a longitudinal extent, and a top panel located between spaced-apart first and second sidewalls that extend along the longitudinal extent of the rail member; extending a cable between the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls of the rail member; providing an adapter that includes a body and first and second opposing flanges that extend outwardly from the body of the adapter and form a surface; locating the adapter between the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls of the rail member; placing the adapter on an underside surface of the rail member between the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls; engaging the at least one cable with the adapter; and rotating the adapter so the first and second opposing flanges are located adjacent the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls, respectively. 
     In the above and other embodiments, the method of assembling a rail system may further comprise the steps of: providing each of the first and second opposing flanges of the adapter with one radiused corner such that the radiused corner of the first opposing flange is positioned diagonally with respect to the radiused corner of the second opposing flange; and rotating the adapter one-quarter turn so the first and second opposing flanges are located adjacent the spaced-apart first and second sidewalls, respectively. 
     Additional features and advantages of the vertical cable rail system will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed descriptions of carrying out the vertical cable rail system as presently perceived. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The concepts described in the present disclosure are illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation in the accompanying figures. For simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate, reference labels may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. 
         FIG. 1  is a front elevational view of a railing system according to an illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective detail view of the underside of a portion of the railing system; 
         FIG. 3  is an exploded detail perspective view of a portion of a section of the railing system; 
         FIG. 4  is an end across-sectional view of the railing system; 
         FIG. 5  is a detail cross-sectional view of the lower rail of the railing system; 
         FIG. 6  is an end across-sectional detail view of a portion of the lower rail; 
         FIG. 7  is a view of the lower rail; 
         FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D  are top perspective, underside perspective, underside, and side elevational views, respectively, of an adapter; 
         FIG. 9  is a side cross-sectional view of the lower rail area of the railing system; 
         FIG. 10  is a detail cross-sectional view of a portion of the lower rail with a support baluster disposed therein; 
         FIG. 11  is another side cross-sectional view of a securement assembly; 
         FIG. 12  is an underside view of a portion of the lower rail; 
         FIG. 13  is another underside view of a portion of the lower rail; 
         FIG. 14  is another underside view of the portion of the lower rail; 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of the upper rail with a longitudinally-extending retainer; 
         FIG. 16  is a side view of an illustrative embodiment of a staircase rail system; 
         FIG. 17  is a detail perspective view of the underside of a portion of a section of the staircase rail system; 
         FIG. 18  is a side cross-sectional detail view of a portion of the upper rail; 
         FIG. 19  is a detail cross-sectional view of the lower rail portion of the staircase rail system; 
         FIG. 20  is an end across-sectional view of the staircase rail system; 
         FIGS. 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D  are perspective, side, top, and rear views, respectively, of an adapter bracket; 
         FIG. 22  is an underside view of a portion of the lower rail of the staircase rail system; 
         FIG. 23  is another underside view of a portion of the lower rail; and 
         FIG. 24  is another underside view of the portion of the lower rail. 
     
    
    
     Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplification set out herein illustrates embodiments of the vertical cable rail system, and such exemplification is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the vertical cable rail system in any manner. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The figures and descriptions provided herein may have been simplified to illustrate aspects that are relevant for a clear understanding of the herein described devices, systems, and methods, while eliminating, for the purpose of clarity, other aspects that may be found in typical devices, systems, and methods. Those of ordinary skill may recognize that other elements and/or operations may be desirable and/or necessary to implement the devices, systems, and methods described herein. Because such elements and operations are well known in the art, and because they do not facilitate a better understanding of the present disclosure, a discussion of such elements and operations may not be provided herein. However, the present disclosure is deemed to inherently include all such elements, variations, and modifications to the described aspects that would be known to those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     An illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to fencing or barriers (collectively referred to as railing systems) that employ tensioned cables to serve as physical barriers as an alternative to rigid only baluster railing systems. 
     Another illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a railing system that employs a plurality of tensioned vertical cables that are spaced apart and extend between horizontally oriented upper and lower rails. Each of the plurality of cables extends from illustratively the underside of the top rail to the bottom rail, so as to serve as a baluster (i.e., physical barrier) for the railing system. Illustratively, each of the cables (which may be stainless steel, for example) extends through, either or both, upper and lower rails. For purposes of this disclosure, securement of the cable to the lower rail will be described further herein. It will be appreciated by the skilled artisan that such attachment systems, or substantial equivalents thereof, may be employed on the upper rail as well. In an illustrative embodiment, the cable may extend through the bottom rail. The cable extends into a channel formed in the lower rail. Within that channel, an adapter having an opening disposed therethrough, may receive a cable tensioner and a nut. Illustratively, a cable stop sleeve, located at or adjacent the end of the cable, may fit in a bore disposed through the cable tensioner. The cable tensioner may be illustratively configured by varying its opening size to hold the cable via a cable stop sleeve. The cable tensioner may fit in the adapter which abuts against a top surface of the channel that forms the bottom rail. In this configuration, the cable is extended through and held by the adapter and the cable tensioner is fitted against the upper surface of the bottom rail. The cable may be held in place and serve as a substitute for a conventional rigid post between upper and lower rails. 
     In an illustrative embodiment, the cable tensioner may include one or more keyed structures so as to prevent it from rotating with respect to the adapter. Such “keyed” structures may include one or more flat surfaces on an otherwise cylindrical body. Alternatively, the “keyed” structure may be a protrusion or detent. The cable tensioner may also have a portion of its outer surface threaded so as to engage and thread onto a nut. Illustratively, further threading the nut onto the cable tensioner (fitted in the adapter) will pull on the cable tensioner with respect to the adapter. This causes the cable, via the cable stop sleeve, to likewise be pulled with the cable tensioner. Because the other end of the cable is fixed to the upper rail, the cable tensioner, nut, and adapter cause the cable to be pulled taught or straight. 
     An illustrative embodiment of the adapter may include opposing wings to provide further support in the channel of the bottom rail. The wings may also aid in assembly of the rail system. Illustratively, the wings may include opposing square and rounded corners. This allows the adapter, during assembly, to be slid into the channel of the lower rail with its wing essentially coincident with or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lower rail. Once the opening of the adapter is aligned with an opening that receives the cable in the upper surface of the lower rail, the adapter may be rotated (for example a quarter turn) to seat the adapter in its desired location within the lower rail. The radiused edge allows this pivoting within the channel of the lower rail, which during assembly, may provide added efficiency. The wing eases assembly in that each adaptor does not need to be meticulously placed onto the rail in order to prevent rotation. This allows the adaptor to move and seat past the interior side rib protrusions located in the interior of the lower rail without needing to be loaded from the end of rail. It also alleviates the need to end load both the adaptor and the aluminum bar in a specific sequence pattern of 3 adaptors/1 aluminum bar, and then line up the adaptor with each cable hole along the rail to place cables. During the cable tensioning process, the opposing square corners of the wings may abut the interior sides of the lower rail, thus limiting the adapter/tensioner rotation to one-quarter turn. This eliminates the need for a second tool/wrench to tension cables. Further, the adaptor being positioned perpendicular to the lower rail in the final tensioned assembly, positions it in a “no cut zone” on either side of the cable axis for railing sections otherwise needing to be cut down at the job site. 
     It is appreciated that in the illustrative embodiment there is an individual adaptor for each cable that extends through the lower rail. In other embodiments, the adapters may include a single web member with multiple tensioner-receiving openings to be inserted into the channel of the lower rail that have corresponding openings. 
     In a further embodiment, the bottom rail channel may include opposing slots located on the interior surface of the sides of the channel of the bottom rail. The opposing slots may be sized and dimensioned to receive a bar that can be slid along the channel of the bottom rail. The opposing slots may also be aligned with an opening that is sized and dimensioned to receive a support baluster that extends between the upper and bottom rails to assist providing structural support of the railing system. The bars are end loaded into the space in the lower rail and slid along the rail and placed intermittently in the lower rail while the cable assemblies are dropped into the cable holes. Once the cable assemblies are placed, the bar retains its position, lined up with the baluster hole, because of its length and placed between the interior side ribs. The length of the bar that slides into the slots formed on the inner walls of the lower rail may bump up against an adaptor on either side before it can slide out of position for the support baluster to engage the bar through the hole in the bottom rail. 
     An illustrated embodiment depicting a front elevational view of a railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 1 . Railing system  2  is illustratively a section of railing. It is appreciated that multiple sections may be connected together as needed to create a full railing as determined by the size of the space to be closed in. The section of railing system  2  shown in  FIG. 1  includes posts  4  and  6 . Said posts  4  and  6  are illustratively vertically oriented extending from the ground or other surfaces, such as a patio, deck, yard, balcony, etc. Illustrative methods of attaching posts  4  and  6  to the ground or surface may include fasteners or concrete. Also, base  16  and cap  18  may be located on each post  4  and  6 , as shown. 
     Located between posts  4  and  6  are upper rail  8  and lower rail  10 . Upper and lower rails  8  and  10 , respectively, help define the distance or run  12  between posts  4  and  6 . Brackets  14  attach rails  8  and  10  to posts  4  and  6  as illustratively shown. It will be appreciated by the skilled artisan, upon reading this disclosure, that attaching rails  8  and  10  to the opposite sides of posts  4  and  6  may extend the length of railing system  2  to any desired length. As shown in this view, substantial space  20  exists between rails  8  and  10 . In space  20  is located at least one (or a plurality) of support balusters  22 . These support balusters  22  extend between railings  8  and  10  for supporting the railings and defining a distance between the railings. It is appreciated that any number of support balusters  22  may be used in a section of railing system  2  between posts  4  and  6 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , illustratively, seven support balusters  22  may be used. That said, it is possible, depending on the length of run  12  between posts  4  and  6 , that only one support balusters  22  is needed, or more than the seven support balusters  22  shown are needed. The skilled artisan will be able to determine upon reading this disclosure how many support balusters  22  may be employed based on desired use and configuration of the section of railing system  2 . Support balusters may be made from metal, including, but not limited to, aluminum, iron, steel, wood, plastic, vinyl, or other like material. 
     Also extending between upper and lower railings  8  and  10 , respectively, in space  20 , are a plurality of cables  24 ,  26 , and  28 . It is appreciated that any number of cables from one to three to twenty-four to any other number may be employed in a section of railing system  2 . The illustrative set of three cables  24 ,  26 , and  28 , located between support balusters  22  and posts  4  and  6 , are not intended to define a specific number of such cables used between sections of railing system  2 . It is further appreciated that the cables may be made of any variety of material including, but not limited to, stainless steel, other metal, nylon, fabric, or natural material. Illustratively, each of cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  exert a tension force against rails  8  and  10 , respectively. At the same time, support balusters  22  resists that tension force to maintain the space  20  between rails  8  and  10 . The result is a strong railing system  2  with aesthetic uniqueness derived from the cables. In essence, cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  act as balusters in similar fashion to conventional balusters to serve as a barrier in space  20  between rails  8  and  10 . 
     A perspective detail view of the underside of a portion of a section of railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 2 . This view depicts how cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  each attach to lower rail  10 . Openings  30 ,  32 , and  34 , respectively (see  FIG. 3 ), dispose through top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . Sidewalls  38  and  40  of lower rail  10  are spaced apart from each other creating a space  42  illustratively within the underside of lower rail  10 . It is appreciated that lower rail  10 , as well as upper rail  8 , may be made of an extruded aluminum, steel, iron, plastic, or other like materials suitable for railing construction. In the illustrated embodiment, each of sidewalls  38  and  40  include a slot  44  and  46 , respectively, which extends along the longitudinal extent or run  12  on the inner surfaces  48  and  50 , respectively, of sidewalls  38  and  40 , respectively. Slots  44  and  46  are configured and sized to receive bar  52 , as shown. Bar  52  supports support baluster  22  as further discussed with respect to  FIGS. 4 and 6 . 
     To secure each of cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  to lower rail  10 , each includes a securement assemblies  54 ,  56 , and  58 . It is appreciated that, again, although the description herein is referring to an illustrative trio of cables extending into lower rail  10 , one skilled in the art will understand that any number of cables may extend into lower rail  10 , including, but not limited to, just one cable. In other words, this disclosure should not be interpreted as requiring the illustrated number of cable balusters shown. Each securement assembly  54 ,  56 , and  58  includes an adapter and a nut  62  as further disclosed herein (see, also,  FIGS. 4, 5, and 11 ). Cable  24  extends through adapter  60  and secures to nut  62 . Body  64  of adapter  60  receives cable  24  and provides a rigid spacing between nut  62  and inner surface  66  of top panel  36 . Nut  62  engages cable  24  as further described herein to provide axial tension of cable  24  in direction  68 . Accordingly, nut  62 , being able to further draw cable  24  in direction  68 , produces further tension on cable  24 . This ensures cable  24  is taught while extending between upper rail  8  and lower rail  10  so cable  24  may serve as a baluster. 
     An exploded detail perspective view of a portion of a section of railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 3 . From this view, support baluster  22  is configured to extend through opening  72 , which is disposed through top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . Plate or bar  52  is sized to fit into slots  44  and  46  on inner surfaces  48  and  50  of sidewalls  38  and  40 , respectively. Bar  52  may illustratively slide along the longitudinal extent or run of lower rail  10  until it is seated underneath opening  72 . In this way, support baluster  22  may engage bar  52  once extended through opening  72 . This configuration, along with support baluster  22  engaging top rail  8  (see, also,  FIG. 4 ), establishes a spacing  20  that can be maintained between upper rail  8  and lower rail  10 . This allows cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  to be tensioned between upper rail  8  and lower rail  10  to serve as effective balusters. 
     Also shown in this view are securement assemblies  54 ,  56 , and  58 . Each is configured to receive and secure one of cables  24 ,  26 , and  28 , which are disposed through openings  30 ,  32 , and  34 , respectively. Each of securement assemblies  54 ,  56 , and  58 , includes adapter  60 , nut  62 , and a cable tensioner  76 . 
     Adapter  60  illustratively includes a wing portion  78  and body  64 . It is appreciated that adapter  60  may be made of nylon, plastic, metal, or other like material. Body  64 , of adapter  60 , includes a bore  80  disposed therethrough, as well as through wing  78  sized and configured to receive cable tensioner  76 . In the illustrative embodiment, bore  80  may be fully or only partially cylindrical. In this illustrated embodiment, bore  80  includes linear walls  82  and  84  which correspond to linear walls  86  and  88  on cable tensioner  76 . This is so cable tensioner  76  does not rotate about its longitudinal axis while still movable in direction  68  or  70  within bore  80  of adapter  60  (see, also,  FIG. 5 ). Adapter  60  also includes wing portion  78  extending illustratively transverse to the longitudinal extent of bore  80 . Wing portion  78 , as also shown in  FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D , includes opposed radius corners  90  and  92 , as well as diagonally opposed square corners  94  and  96 . This allows adapter  60  to be fitted into space  42  within lower rail  10 , with wing portion  78  aligned with the longitudinal extent or run  12  of lower rail  10 . wing portion  8  may then be rotated illustratively a quarter turn, as further discussed in  FIGS. 12-14 . These positions of wing portion  78  are, thus, oriented transverse to the longitudinal extent or run  12  of lower rail  10 . When this is done, such that bore  80  is aligned with opening  30 , adapter  60  is secured or may be secured within lower rail  10  to be held in place sufficient to finish assembling securement assembly  54 . To that end, cable tensioner  76  is configured to fit into bore  80  of adapter  60 . A cable bore  98  is disposed through cable tensioner  76 , and is intended to align with opening  30  in lower rail  10 . 
     Linear walls  86  and  88  correspond to walls  82  and  84  that are part of bore  80  in adapter  60 . This configuration is such that cable tensioner  76  does not rotate with respect to adapter  60 . Illustratively, cable tensioner  76  includes threaded surfaces  102  and  104  that illustratively correspond with a threaded surface of bore  106  in nut  62 . As further discussed with respect to  FIG. 5 , cable tensioner  76  engages cable stop sleeves  108 . It is appreciated that cable stop sleeves  108  may be made of stainless steel, or other material that can withstand the force that applies tension onto cable  24 . In the illustrated embodiment, nut  62  sits on end surface  110  of body  64  of adapter  60 . By rotating nut  62 , corresponding threads in bore  106  engage and travel along threaded surfaces  102  and  104  which cause cable tensioner  76  to move in either direction  68  or  70  as needed to apply the appropriate tension onto cable  24 . For example, rotating nut  62  in a first direction may cause cable tensioner  76  to move in direction  68 , which will cause tension to be applied to cable  24 . Conversely, rotating nut  62  in the opposite direction will cause cable tensioner  76  to move within bore  80  of adapter  60  to move in direction  70 , which will lessen tension on cable  24 . It is further appreciated that these same structures exist for securement assemblies  56  and  58  as shown in  FIG. 3 . 
     An end cross-sectional view of railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 4 . This view, in particular, depicts support baluster  22  disposed through opening  112  in communication with cavity  115  of upper rail  8 . A support cap  114  is located within upper rail  8 . As shown, and consistent with the other views, support baluster  22  extends from upper rail  8  through lower rail  10  and supported by bar  52  located in slots  44  and  46 , as illustratively shown. The skilled artisan, upon reading this disclosure, may therefore appreciate how the combination of balusters  22 , with upper and lower rails  8  and  10 , respectively, serve to establish a fixed distance between upper rail  8  and lower rail  10 . This fixed distance allows cable  24  (as well as the other cables  26  and  28 , for example) to extend through both upper and lower rails  8  and  10 , respectively. This view also shows how wing portion  78 , of adapter  60 , abuts inner surface  66  of lower rail  10 . Illustratively, wing portion  78  may have a curved edge that conforms to the curved edge at the sides of inner surface  66  as shown in  FIG. 4 . It is further appreciated from this view that, with adapter  60  abutting interior surface  66  of lower rail  10  and nut  62  seated on body  64 , cable  24  extended therethrough may be secured in tension between upper and lower rails  8  and  10 , respectively. A longitudinally extending retainer  118  or other structure secures the top of cable  24  inside upper rail  8 . 
     A detail cross-sectional end view of lower rail  10  of railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 5 . This view shows the interior of both adapter  60  and nut  62  within lower rail  10  to demonstrate how cable  24  may be tensioned. Also shown in this view is the interior of cable tensioner  76 . Particularly, cable  24  is shown disposed through opening  30  on top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . Cable  24  further extends through bore  80  disposed through both wing  78  and body  64  of adapter  60 . Still further, cable  24  extends through opening  120 , cable tensioner  76 , and cable bore  98  as shown. Cable stop sleeves  108 , fitted and secured about cable  24 , as shown, is configured to engage stop surface  122  located inside cable bore  98 . This means that cable  24  can be moved in vertical directions  68  and  70  by moving cable tensioner  76  in either direction  68  or  70  within bore  80  of adapter  60 . This view shows linear walls  86  and  88  on cable tensioner  76  that correspond to linear walls  82  and  84  that are part of bore  80  of adapter  60 . These linear walls are configured so that table tensioner  76  does not rotate about axis  124  as shown therein. This allows threaded surfaces in bore  106  to engage threaded surfaces  102  and  104  (see  FIG. 3 ) of cable tensioner  76  which creates the selective linear movement in either direction  68  or  70 . As previously stated, rotating nut  62  about axis  124  in a first direction will draw cable tensioner  76  (via engagement between the threads translating rotational movement to linear movement) in direction  68 . Stop surface  122  will move cable stop sleeves  108  and, thereby, cable  24  in direction  68  as well. This, as shown, creates tension on cable  24  which assists allowing cable  24  to serve as a baluster in space  20  between upper and lower rails  8  and  10 , respectively, as shown in  FIG. 1 . Conversely rotating nut  62  in the opposite direction will move cable tensioner  76  in direction  70  which relieves the drawing force between stop surface  122  and cable stop sleeves  108 , thereby relieving the tension and possibly allowing movement of cable  24  in direction  70 . 
     An end cross-sectional detail view of a portion of lower rail  10  is shown in  FIG. 6 . This view is similar to the view in  FIG. 5  except that it shows how support baluster  22  engages bar  52  within space  42  of rail  10 . As shown, end surface  126  of support baluster  22 , disposed through opening  72  and top panel  36  of lower rail  10 , engages top surface  128  of bar  52 . Support cap  114  in upper rail  8  (see, also,  FIG. 4 ) provides a support structure for the upper end of support baluster  22 . This view also shows how bar  52  is fitted into slots  44  and  46  extending from surfaces  48  and  50  of sidewalls  38  and  40  of lower rail  10 . 
     An end view of lower rail  10  is shown in  FIG. 7 . This view depicts top panel  36 , inner surface  66 , and sidewalls  38  and  40 . It is appreciated that inner surface  66  may have curved ends such as those shown by reference numerals  130  and  132  that may be complimentary to corresponding ends of adapter  60  (see, also,  FIG. 5 ). Also shown in this view are opposed slots  44  and  46  extending from inner surfaces  48  and  50  of sidewalls  38  and  40 , respectively. It is appreciated that lower rail  10  may be made of aluminum, iron, polymer, or other like material. In addition, such lower rail  10  may be formed by extruding same through a die to obtain the cross-section profile of the type shown in  FIG. 7 . 
     Various views of adapter  60  are shown in  FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D . The perspective view of adapter  60  shown in  FIG. 8A  helps further illustrate bore  80  disposed through both wing  78  and body portion  64 . As previously discussed, bore  80  may align with one of the openings disposed through top panel  36  of lower rail  10  to allow a cable to extend therein. This view also shows radiused corners  90  and  92 . Having such curved corners allows adapter  60  to be rotated within space  42  of lower rail  10  in order to assist seating adapter  60  in an appropriate position underneath one of the openings (e.g.,  30 ,  32 , or  34 ) disposed through top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . Corners  94  and  96  on wing  78  serve to limit rotation of adapter  60  inside lower rail  10  to a certain extent, illustratively, to about a one quarter turn. 
     The underside perspective view of adapter  60 , shown in  FIG. 8B , also illustrates similar structures such as wing  78  and body  64 . With respect to bore  80 , this view also shows linear walls  82  and  84  disposed through an otherwise curved or cylindrical bore. Having these linear walls creates a key-type profile that can prevent a structure located inside (in this case cable tensioner  76 ) from rotating. Even more particular, having curved surfaces along with the linear surfaces as shown, allows structures like cable tensioner  76  to likewise have a partially curved body sufficient to accommodate a rotating structure such as nut  62  to be rotated thereon. 
     Further shown in this view is end surface  110  configured to abut against nut  62 . This abutment allows nut  62  to remain stationary with respect to directions  68  and  70  while allowing cable tensioner  76  to move in direction  68  and  70  as its threads are moving through threaded bore  106  of nut  62 . As discussed with respect to  FIG. 5 , this allows tension in the attached cable to be increased or decreased as needed by rotating nut  62  in one direction or the other. 
     The underside view of adapter  60 , shown in  FIG. 8C , further depicts the previously discussed structures including body  64 , wing  78 , bore  80 , radiused corners  90  and  92 , and square corners  94  and  96 . This view also shows the keying configuration of bore  80  using linear walls  82  and  84 . Lastly, the side view in  FIG. 8D  shows the positioning of wing  78  with respect to body  64 . 
     A side cross-sectional view of the lower rail  10  area of railing system  2  is shown in  FIG. 9 . It is appreciated from this view how multiple cables such as illustrative cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  may serve as balusters on railing system  2 . Also, support baluster  22  may be placed in an alternating arrangement with the illustrative cable balusters as shown. Again, it is appreciated that any number of cable balusters or support balusters may be employed on a section of railing system  2  based on a desired need. 
     A detail cross-sectional view of a portion of lower rail  10 , with support baluster  22  disposed therein from  FIG. 9 , is shown in  FIG. 10 . Here, as previously discussed, support baluster  22  is disposed through opening  72  in top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . It engages bar  52 , which is shown located in slot  46  of sidewall  40 . 
     A side cross-sectional view of securement assembly  54 , located in space  42  within lower rail  10 , taken from  FIG. 9 , is shown in  FIG. 11 . Here, it is further appreciated how cable  24  extends through opening  30  of top panel  36  of lower rail  10 . Adapter  60  abuts up against inner surface  66  of top panel  36  and via cable stop sleeve  108  fitted in cable tensioner  76 , which itself is located in bore  80  of adapter  60  and is held in place and secured by nut  62 , as shown and previously discussed. 
     Underside views of a portion of lower rail  10  are shown in  FIGS. 12, 13, and 14 . These views depict the progression of how adapter  60  is positioned within space  42  of lower rail  10  and moved to its final installation position. As shown in  FIG. 12 , wing  78  of adapter  60  is longitudinally oriented along or parallel with run  12  within lower rail  10 , as shown. Because slots  44  and  46  extend inward of space  42  from inner surfaces  48  and  50 , it may not be practical to construct an adapter that can be disposed directly into space  42  through bottom opening  134  of lower rail  10 . When assembling a rail system such as railing system  2 , the method of assembly can be an issue. Placing adapters onto inner surface  66  of lower rail  10  can be achieved, but holding them there can be an issue in light of slots  44  and  46 . Accordingly, wing  78  is longitudinally extended so that adapter  60  is narrow enough to fit into space  42  without slots  44  and  46  becoming obstructions. Then, as shown in  FIG. 13 , adapter  60  may be rotated in direction  136  to begin orienting adapter  60  transverse of run  12  of lower rail  10 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , wing  78 , which is rotatable in either direction  136  or  138 , has the longitudinal extent sufficient to move unobstructively under slots  44  and  46 . Radiused corners  90  and  92  become useful in allowing the corners of wing portion  78  to move adjacent to sidewalls  38  and  40  because there is no square corner at those locations. As particularly shown in  FIG. 14 , wing  78  is now located perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of lower rail  10  with the leading edge of the wings positioned under slots  44  and  46 . In essence, adapter  60  has been rotated in direction  136 , about one-quarter turn, so wing  78  is positioned adjacent if not abutting sidewalls  38  and  40  of lower rail  10 . This allows more convenient positioning and holding of adapter  60  over its corresponding opening in top panel  36  of lower rail  10  during the installation process. From that, the cable nut, and the cable tensioner may all be secured. 
     A perspective view of upper rail  8 , with longitudinally extending retainer  118  separated therefrom, is shown in  FIG. 15 . This view shows how support cap  114  may illustratively be configured in upper rail  8 , along with opening  112 . It is appreciated that upper rail  8  may be extruded so that both support cap  114  and opening  112  may be formed therein via extrusion. With particular regard to opening  112 , it may be longitudinally extending by virtue of its formation through extruding upper rail  8 . This means that individual through holes do not need to be formed in upper rail  8 . Instead, such holes may be disposed in longitudinally extending retainer  118  which, illustratively shown, is a flat panel. Disposing such holes in a flat panel such as longitudinally extending retainer  118  provides a simpler manufacturing process than disposing them through the more complex structure like upper rail  8 . As shown herein, cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  are each illustratively extended through longitudinally extending retainer  118  and held in place by a swage  142 . It is appreciated that each cable may extend into a swage  142  and be crimped thereon or by other mechanical means to securely fasten the cable to swage  142 . 
     Also shown in this view is support baluster  22  extending through opening  144  so as to engage support cap  114  as shown in  FIG. 4 . By this arrangement, the skilled artisan, upon reading this disclosure, will appreciate that cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  (or any combination thereof), along with support baluster  22 , may be assembled onto longitudinally extending retainer  118  prior to longitudinally extending retainer  118  being assembled with upper rail  8 . This allows the majority of the assembly to take place without interference from upper rail  8 . Once that assembly is completed, upper rail  8  may be slid onto longitudinally extending retainer  118  to finish the upper-portion of the assembly process for railing system  2 . This process enables engagement of the rigid support balusters into the bottom rail and up through the top bar insert after the both cable ends have been swaged onto each cable. 
     Another illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure is directed to a stair railing system that employs a plurality of tensioned cables that are spaced apart and extended between parallel-spaced, but angularly (i.e., non-horizontally the oriented), upper and lower rails. Like the prior embodiments, however, each of the plurality of cables extends from the underside of the top rail to the bottom rail to serve as balusters for the stair railing system. Also, as a support baluster extends from upper and lower stair rails, the support baluster is rigid to assist defining spacing between the upper and lower stair rails in similar fashion to that described with respect to the prior embodiments, but here configured to be used on a staircase. 
     A side view of an illustrative embodiment of a staircase rail system  162  is shown in  FIG. 16 . Staircase rail system  162  includes an upper rail  168  and lower rail  170  like rails  8  and  10  of railing system  2 . Upper and lower rails  168  and  170  help define the distance or run  172  of staircase rail system  162 . It is appreciated that multiple staircase rail systems  162  may be connected together to extend the length of a full staircase. Extending between upper and lower rails  168  and  170 , respectively, is an illustrative plurality of support balusters  182  which defines the distance that will form space  180  between upper rail  168  and lower rail  170 . It is appreciated that, like the prior embodiments, any number of support balusters  182  may be used to create a staircase rail system  162  of desired run  172 . For example, only one support baluster  182  may be used under circumstances when run  172  is relatively short. In contrast, two, four or six support balusters  182  may be employed when run  172  is relatively long. Accordingly, the skilled artisan, upon reading the present disclosure, will appreciate that the number of support balusters  182  shown herein are illustrative only and does not limit the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, support balusters  182  may be made from metal, including, but not limited to, aluminum, iron, steel, etc., or wood, plastic, vinyl, or other like rigid material. 
     Also extending between upper and lower railings  168  and  170 , respectively, in space  180 , are a plurality of cables  184 ,  186 , and  188 . Like support balusters  182 , it is appreciated that any number of cables from one to three to twenty to any other number may be employed in a section of staircase rail system  162 . In the illustrative embodiment, the set of three cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  are located adjacent and between support balusters  182 . Further, the illustrative embodiment in  FIG. 16  is not intended to define a specific number of such cables. Like the prior embodiments, it is further appreciated that these cables may be made of any variety of materials, including, but not limited to, stainless steel, other metal, nylon, fabric, or natural material. Illustratively, each of cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  exert a tension force against upper and lower rails  168  and  170 , respectively. This counteracts the support balusters  182  which resists that tension force to maintain the space  180  between rails  168  and  170 . The result is a strong staircase rail system  162  with aesthetic uniqueness derived from the cables to provide a corresponding look that complements railing system  2 . Cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  act as balusters in similar fashion to cables  24 ,  26 , and  28  of rail system  2 . The baluster function also serves as a barrier in space  180  between rails  168  and  170 . 
     A detail perspective view of the underside of a portion of a section of staircase rail system  162  is shown in  FIG. 17 . This view depicts how cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  each attach to upper rail  168  and lower rail  170 . With regard to attaching to upper rail  168 , illustrative keyholes  190 ,  192 , and  194  are disposed through a bottom panel  196  of upper rail  168  as illustratively shown. In the illustrated embodiment, each of keyholes  190 ,  192 , and  194  are key-shaped, meaning that the keyhole is made up of a relatively large opening portion adjacent a narrow slotted portion. As will be demonstrated further herein, this key shape is to assist in assembling staircase rail system  162 . Illustratively, the cable with a retainer attached thereto may be inserted into the larger opening portion and then slid so the cable is moved to the slotted portion. Because the slot is narrower, the retainer cannot be removed, so it and the cable are held into place in upper rail  168 , as shown in  FIG. 17 . Also shown in this view is support baluster  182  that extends through opening  198  disposed through bottom panel  196  of upper rail  168 . 
     This detail view of  FIG. 17  also depicts how cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  attach to lower rail  170 . Openings disposed through lower rail  170  (see, also,  FIG. 19 ), similar to that described with respect to the prior embodiments, allow each of cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  to be disposed into lower low rail  170 . Sidewalls  202  and  204 , of lower rail  170 , depend from top panel  206  and form a space within the underside of lower rail  170 . Like the prior embodiments, it is appreciated that lower rail  170  (as well as upper rail  168 ), may be made of extruded aluminum, steel, iron, plastic, or other like materials suitable for railing construction. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the sidewalls  202  and  204  include opposing slots  210  and  212  similar to slots  44  and  46  of the prior embodiment. These sidewalls  202  and  204 , along with top panel  206  and slots  210  and  212 , extend along the longitudinal extent or run  172  (see  FIG. 16 ), similar to the prior embodiments. Slots  210  and  212 , similar to slots  44  and  46 , are configured and sized to receive bar  209 , which supports support balusters  182 , similar to how slots  44  and  46  receive bar  52  to support baluster  22 , as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 6  of the prior embodiments. 
     To secure each of cables  184 ,  186 , and  188  to lower rail  170 , each include securement assemblies  214 ,  216 , and  218  similar to securement assemblies  54 ,  56 , and  58  of the prior embodiments. In this case, however, securement assemblies  214 ,  216 , and  218  each includes an adapter bracket  220  that help secure the cable along with support nut  222 , tensioner  224 , and cable stop  226  (see, also,  FIG. 19 ). Adapter bracket  220  is sized and dimensioned to fit into slots  210  and  212 . Support nut  222  holds both tensioner  224  and cable stop  226  so that the cable will be oriented vertical with respect to a horizontal line  171  (see  FIG. 19 ), even when upper and lower rails  168  and  170 , respectively, are positioned at an angle with respect to horizontal line  171 . 
     A side cross-sectional detail view of a portion of upper rail  168  is shown in  FIG. 18 . This view depicts how cable  184  affixed to cable stop  226  may be fitted and held within a cavity  228  within upper rail  168 . Illustratively, and as previously discussed, keyhole  190  is composed of a relatively larger opening  230  that is in communication with adjacent slot  232 . It is appreciated that all of the additional keyholes  192 , and  194  are configured the same way. Again, any number of cables may be used as desired for staircase rail system  162 . 
     As demonstrated in  FIG. 18 , cable stop  226  which holds the end of cable  184 , may be disposed through opening  230  to fit into cavity  228 . Because of the angular orientation of upper rail  168 , cable  184  may be slid into slot  232 . Because slot  232  is narrower than opening  230 , there is only enough space for cable  184  to be fitted therein. Cable stop  226 , as shown herein, adds additional width to cable  184 , an amount wider than the width of slot  232  (see, also,  FIG. 17 ). This means cable stop  226  prevents cable  184  from being removable from upper rail  168  while in slot  232 . This assists in a more convenient assembly of the cables to the upper rail portion of staircase rail system  162 . Also shown in this view is support balusters  182  disposed through opening  198  in bottom panel  196  of upper rail  168 . The inner surface of bottom panel  196  supports cable stop  226 . Illustratively, end portion  234  of support balusters  182  may engage the inner surface  236  of upper rail  168  to provide a consistent upper stop surface for support balusters  182  to help provide a consistent distance indicated by space  180  (see  FIG. 16 ) between upper and lower rails  168  and  170 . 
     A side cross-sectional detail view of lower rail  170  is shown in  FIG. 19 . This view is a similar view to that shown in  FIG. 18  except that only the bottom portion of staircase rail system  162  is being shown. 
     A detail cross-sectional side view of lower rail portion  170  of staircase rail system  162  is shown in  FIG. 19 . This view depicts how the cables, whether it be  184 ,  186 , or  188 , are secured to lower rail  170 . Although cable  184  is shown herein, it will be appreciated by the skilled artisan that this applies to the other cables as well. In this illustrative embodiment, cable  184  is shown being disposed through opening  238 , which itself is disposed through top panel  206  of lower rail  170 . Cable  184  extends into space  208 . Adapter bracket  220  is positioned onto slot  210  and includes a securement portion  240  and support base  242  so as to couple and secure to space  208  within lower rail  170 . Extending transverse from securement portion  240  is support base  242 , which is sized and oriented to support nut  222 , as shown therein. 
     Furthermore, support base  242  includes an opening  244  through which tensioner  224  is disposed so as to engage support nut  222 . It is appreciated that support base  242  may be angled at a sufficient orientation with respect to horizontal plane  171  to assist in ensuring its cable, such as cable  184 , is oriented vertically with respect to horizontal plane  171 . Further, it is appreciated that tensioner  224  may be configured similar to that shown with respect to tensioner  76  of the prior embodiments (see  FIG. 5 ) to allow movement of same with its cable in either directions  68  or  70  to not only secure tensioner  224  to support nut  222 , but also keep its cable such as cable  184  taught while in space  180  so the cable may serve as an effective baluster. This view also shows how cable stop  226 , fitted about cable  184 , seats within tensioner  224 , similar to cable stop  108  fitted inside tensioner  76  of the prior embodiments. Here, cable  184  extends from bore  246  disposed through an illustrative portion of tensioner  224  as illustratively shown. With this configuration similar to the prior embodiments, cable  184  is free to extend through tensioner  224  while keeping the end portion of cable  184 , via cable stop  226 , inside tensioner  224 . This means, support nut  222  is engageable with tensioner  224  and may be moved in directions  68  and  70  as desired to create the appropriate tension between the two structures. Further, shown in this view is support baluster  182  extended through opening  248  disposed through top panel  206  of lower rail  170 . A bar  209  is fitted into slots  210  and  212  (see, also,  FIG. 17 ) to serve as a support base for support baluster  182  that is disposed in space  208  of lower rail  170 . As illustratively shown, a lower edge  250  is shown engaging top surface  252  of bar  209 . 
     An end cross-sectional view of staircase rail system  162  is shown in  FIG. 20 . This view depicts support balusters  182  extended into cavity  228  of upper rail  168 . Illustratively, a stop  256  engages top end  258  of support balusters  182  for purposes of defining the extent to which support balusters  182  extends into upper rail  168 . Again, these structures, along with bar  209  and the engagement between support balusters  182 , and same within lower rail  170 , define the distance between upper and lower rails  168  and  170  as indicated by distance  260  which creates space  180 . With this distance  260  defined, cables  184 ,  186 , and  188 , illustratively, can span that distance  260  in space  180  to serve as balusters for staircase rail system  162 . As shown, cable stop  226  holds the end of cable  184  (the same is the case with the other cables as well), which is inserted into cavity  228  of upper rail  168  to secure cable  184 , herein as previously explained with respect to  FIGS. 17 and 18 . With respect to lower rail  170 , this view shows cable  184  extending into tensioner  224  disposed through adapter bracket  220  and secured thereon by support nut  222 . This view also shows how securement portion  240  of adapter bracket  220  includes slots  262  and  264  that receive protrusions  266  and  268  that form slots  210  and  212 , respectively. It is appreciated that protrusions  266  and  268  of this embodiment may be formed in any particular configuration including those that might not necessarily require slots  210  and  212 . That said, this configuration allows standardization in manufacturing of the lower rail to be similar, if not the same, as that described with respect to lower rail  10  in the prior embodiments. Here, support base  242  and securement portion  240  of adapter bracket  220  serves as both a support base for the securement assemblies, such as securement assembly  214 , illustratively shown in this view, but also as a wedging structure to assist holding adapter bracket  220  in place during assembly of staircase rail system  162 . It is appreciated that securement assemblies  216  and  218  operate the same way and include the same structures as described herein with respect to securement assembly  214 . The wedging effect of adapter bracket  220  enables tensioning of cables in securement assemblies  214 ,  216 , and  218  while preventing an upward sliding movement of adapter bracket  220  along lower rail  170 . 
     Various views of adapter bracket  220  are shown in  FIGS. 21A, 21B, 21C, and 21D . The perspective view of adapter bracket  220 , shown in  FIG. 21A , illustrates opening  244  that receives tensioner  224  (see, also,  FIG. 19 ). Opening  244  is disposed through support base  242  which is oriented generally transverse to securement portion  240 . In the illustrated embodiment, support base  242  is illustratively oriented about perpendicular to securement portion  240 . The peripheral edge  270  of support base  242  is illustratively rounded as shown herein so as to better position adapter bracket  220  into place within lower rail  170  (see, also,  FIG. 23 ). Slots  262  and  264  are shown formed on the outer periphery of securement portion  240 . Illustratively, slots  262  and  264  are positioned axially opposed to each other. They are dimensioned and sized to receive protrusions  266  and  268  that extend from sidewalls  202  and  204 , respectively, in lower rail  170 . Again, securement portion  240  accommodates the structures in lower rail  170  for ease of manufacture. In an illustrative embodiment, lower rail  170  may be similar or the same as lower rail  10  shown in the prior embodiments (see, also,  FIG. 7 ). This means a special lower railing member does not need to be made. It is appreciated, however, that adapter bracket  220  may have a different configuration that may not require slots  262  or  264 , or such slots may be configured differently so as to accommodate protrusions of different character based on the needs and manufacture of the lower rail. 
     The side view of adapter bracket  220  shows the illustrative orientation of securement portion  240  with respect to support base  242 . Herein, the orientation is about perpendicular. This view also shows the positioning of slots  264  (slot  262  will be in the same position, but on the other side of securement portion  240 ). It is appreciated that this positioning may be adjusted as needed depending on the configuration of the lower rail. The top view of adapter bracket  220  is shown in  FIG. 21C . Here, the rounded character of peripheral edge  270  of support base  242  is evident. This is also the case with opening  244  disposed through support base  242 . The rear view of adapter bracket  220  is shown in  FIG. 21D . This view further shows securement portion  240  with slots  262  and  264  disposed therethrough. 
     Underside views of a portion of lower rail  170  are shown in  FIGS. 22, 23, and 24 . These views, similar to  FIGS. 12, 13, and 14  of the prior embodiments, depict the progression of how adapter bracket  220  is positioned within space  208  of lower rail  170  and moved to its final installation position. As shown in  FIG. 22 , adapter bracket  220  is positioned longitudinally as shown within space  208  of lower rail  170 . Peripheral edge  270  is oriented facing one or the other of sidewalls  202  or  204 . In this view, peripheral edge  270  of support base  242  faces sidewall  202 . This view also shows protrusions  266  and  268  extending inward in space  208 . Furthermore, support nut  222  may engage tensioner  224 , which holds stop  226  with cable  184 . This may all be assembled with adapter bracket  220  oriented as shown in  FIG. 22 . This is to allow ease of assembly of securement assembly  214  without having adapter bracket  220  engaged or otherwise held by lower rail  170 . All components of securement assembly  214  may be attached together prior to securement assembly  214  being positioned within space  208  of lower rail  170 . Once this happens, all that is needed to secure securement assembly  214  to lower rail  170  is the process further described in  FIGS. 23 and 24 . 
     As shown in the underside view  FIG. 23 , adapter bracket  220  of securement assembly  214  may be rotated illustratively in direction  274  so that slot  264  will begin receiving protrusion  268  that extends from sidewall  204  of lower rail  170 . Because of the curved edge configuration of peripheral edge  270  of support base  242 , there is sufficient clearance for adapter bracket  220  to rotate as shown. 
     As depicted in the underside view of lower rail  170  in  FIG. 24 , securement portion  240  of adapter bracket  220  is rotated illustratively about 90° from its original orientation shown in  FIG. 22 . This causes both protrusions  266  and  268  to be fitted within slots  262  and  264 , respectively. This position of adapter bracket  220 , as shown herein, is about a 90° pivot of same from that shown in  FIG. 22 . In this position, protrusions  266  and  268  assist holding adapter bracket  220  in place. At this point, cable  184  may then be inserted into keyhole  190 , as shown in  FIG. 18 . Support nut  222  of securement assembly  214  may then be rotated to move tensioner  224 , which will pull on cable stop  226  and thus cable  184  to provide sufficient tension on same for it to be used as a baluster for staircase rail system  162 . 
     In the drawings, some structural or method features may be shown in specific arrangements and/or orderings. However, it should be appreciated that such specific arrangements and/or orderings may not be required. Rather, in some embodiments, such features may be arranged in a different manner and/or order than shown in the illustrative figures. Additionally, the inclusion of a structural or method feature in a particular figure is not meant to imply that such feature is required in all embodiments and, in some embodiments, may not be included or may be combined with other features. It should also be appreciated that any subject matter disclosed in this non-provisional patent application that may differ from the priority Application, the disclosure from this non-provisional patent application controls.