Patent Publication Number: US-9888290-B1

Title: Service denial notification in secure socket layer (SSL) processing

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     None. 
     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
     Not applicable. 
     REFERENCE TO A MICROFICHE APPENDIX 
     Not applicable. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Wireless communication service subscriptions may have periodic data volume caps that apply to the subscriptions. When a subscriber exceeds this limit, his or her request for data communication may be denied as being “over the limit” or may be charged at a per-megabyte toll over and above a periodic subscription fee. Many wireless communication service providers define data volume limits on a monthly basis and define subscription fees on a monthly basis. 
     The wireless communication services provided to a user equipment (UE) may be restricted by wireless communication service providers based on parental controls that may be authorized on a subscription account of the UE. For example, a teenage child may have a UE provided by his or her parents that is subject to a category of parental controls. The wireless communication service subscriber (e.g., “the parents”) may select to apply different categories of parental controls on the UE. For example, they may authorize a first category of parental control to apply to the UE of an 8 year old child, a second category of parental control to apply to the UE of a 14 year old child, and a third category of parental control to apply to the UE of a 17 year old child. 
     SUMMARY 
     In an embodiment, a method of mediating data communication service is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a secure socket layer (SSL) client hello message identifying a server and an application layer communication protocol by a data communication gateway from a client executing on one of a user equipment (UE), a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, or a set-top box and determining by the data communication gateway to deny an application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server. The method further comprises, in response to determining to deny application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server, sending a SSL server hello message comprising a client redirection extension by the data communication gateway to the client, where the client redirection extension identifies a web server configured to provide a courtesy message associated with the service denial in response to a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) GET message or a secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) GET message, where the web server is different from the server identified in the SSL client hello message. 
     In another embodiment, a user equipment (UE) is disclosed. The UE comprises a processor, a non-transitory memory, a display, a cellular radio transceiver, and an application stored in the non-transitory memory. When executed by the processor, the application establishes a first transmission control protocol (TCP) connection to a content server, sends a secure socket layer (SSL) client hello message over the first TCP connection via the cellular radio transceiver, where the client hello message identifies the content server and an application layer communication protocol, and receives a SSL server hello message over the first TCP connection via the cellular radio transceiver, where the sever hello message comprises a client redirection extension that identifies a web server, where the web server is different from the server identified in the SSL client hello message. The application further, in response to the SSL server hello message comprising the client redirection extension, tears down the first TCP connection to the content server and, in response to the SSL server hello message comprising the client redirection extension, establishes a second TCP connection to the web server. The application further sends one of a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) GET or a secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) GET over the second TCP connection via the radio transceiver to the web server, receives a courtesy message over the second TCP connection via the radio transceiver from the web server, where the courtesy message comprises information about a denial of communication service associated with the application layer communication protocol identified in the client hello message, and presents information from the courtesy message on the display. 
     In yet another embodiment, a data communication gateway is disclosed. The gateway comprises a processor, a non-transitory memory, and an application stored in the non-transitory memory. When executed by the processor, the application receives a secure socket layer (SSL) client hello message identifying a server and an application layer communication protocol from a client executing on one of a user equipment (UE), a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, or a set-top box, and determines to deny an application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server. The application further, in response to determining to deny application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server, sending a SSL server hello message comprising a client redirection extension to the client, where the client redirection extension identifies a web server configured to provide a courtesy message associated with the service denial in response to a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) GET message or a secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) GET message, where the web server is different from the server identified in the SSL client hello message. 
     These and other features will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a more complete understanding of the present disclosure, reference is now made to the following brief description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and detailed description, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts. 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is a message sequence diagram according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of a handset according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  is a block diagram of a hardware architecture of a handset according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6A  is a block diagram of a software architecture of a handset according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6B  is a block diagram of another software architecture of a handset according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  is a block diagram of a computer system according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     It should be understood at the outset that although illustrative implementations of one or more embodiments are illustrated below, the disclosed systems and methods may be implemented using any number of techniques, whether currently known or not yet in existence. The disclosure should in no way be limited to the illustrative implementations, drawings, and techniques illustrated below, but may be modified within the scope of the appended claims along with their full scope of equivalents. 
     Electronic devices such as mobile phones and personal computers may access content and premium communication services using application layer protocols. Access of these devices to communication services may be mediated by wireless communication service providers, by Internet service providers (ISPs), and by other enterprises. In some circumstances it is desirable to block access of a device to content and/or premium communication services. This may generally be referred to as a denial of service. For example, parental controls may be authorized for devices belonging to children, and in this case access of a child&#39;s device may desirably be blocked from accessing unsuitable content. Some premium communication services are provided on a subscription basis that is distinct from a subscription for basic communication services. When a subscriber who is in arrears on their premium subscription (or who does not have the premium subscription) attempts to access premium communication content, for example streaming video, the user&#39;s device may desirably be blocked from accessing the premium communication content or the premium communication service. 
     In the past access to content and premium communication services was mediated or controlled at the application communication layer. For example, when a hypertext markup language (HTML) transfer protocol (HTTP) GET request was received by a mediation gateway, the source URL (address or index identifying a source of content or service) was examined by the mediation gateway and blocked or passed on based on service rules such as those described above. If the mediation gateway decided, for example, to block access to the content, it could send a HTTP redirection message (i.e., a HTTP 302 message) to the device with a location identified in the redirection message. The device could send an HTTP GET request to that location and receive a courtesy message related to the denial of service. The courtesy message, in the case of a parental controls violation, could indicate that an attempt to access an off-limits web site had been blocked. The courtesy message may indicate that the user is not subscribed to the subject premium service that had been requested. 
     The courtesy message may indicate that the user is over a periodic limit of data volume consumption. Sending a courtesy message can avoid the user developing a negative opinion about the electronic device or about a communication service provider. Sending a courtesy message can avoid subscribers calling a customer care center of a wireless communication service provider because he or she thinks the electronic device or the network has failed. Avoiding unnecessary customer care calls can reduce expenses of providing the customer care service function. The courtesy message may also provide a link (e.g., a URL) to a web page that provides user input controls for selecting a communication service subscription to include premium services or to a subscription plan having a higher periodic data volume limit. The courtesy message may also provide a link to a web page to make a payment on his or her communication service subscription account. 
     Use of the HTTP protocol is increasingly being supplanted by use of the secure HTTP (HTTPS) protocol which encrypts the message content. Thus, such an HTTPS GET request encrypts the source URL, and the mediation gateway cannot scrutinize that source URL. Likewise, the content retrieved by the HTTPS GET request (e.g., a web page or streaming communication) cannot be accessed by the mediation gateway to filter disallowed content because the returned content is encrypted. One skilled in the art will appreciate that HTTP and HTTPS are application communication layer protocols. 
     The present disclosure teaches a method and system of mediating access to content and to premium communication services at the session layer, below the application layer. After an electronic device establishes a transmission control protocol (TCP) connection to a content source (a connection that may link across a mediation gateway), the device may send a secure socket layer (SSL) message such as a Client Hello message directed to the content source over the TCP connection. In this example case, the device sends the SSL message pursuant to setting up an encrypted SSL tunnel at the session layer to support HTTPS messaging at the application layer. The mediation gateway may receive the Client Hello message and perform an analysis of whether to block or allow the access to content and/or premium communication services. If the mediation gateway determines to deny service, it builds a SSL Server Hello message embedding a redirection extension parameter that identifies a location from which to retrieve an appropriate courtesy message. It is noted that the SSL protocol does not currently support such a redirection extension parameter; the present disclosure teaches revising the SSL protocol to comprise a redirection extension parameter and to standardize client (e.g., web browser) handling of redirection extension parameter. 
     The device receives the Server Hello message, extracts the redirection extension, terminates the TCP connection to the content source, establishes a TCP connection to a web server identified in the redirection extension, and sends an HTTP (or HTTPS) GET message to the location identified in the redirection extension parameter. The web server addressed by the GET message returns an appropriate courtesy message, for example a hypertext markup language (HTML) document (i.e., a web page) containing tagged text that, when rendered by a web browser of the device, may be presented on a display of the device 
     The present disclosure teaches changing how the service denial or blocking analysis is performed by the mediation gateway in the context of initiation of an encrypted SSL tunnel. Because the application layer HTTPS GET message will be encrypted and not readable by the mediation gateway, rather than screening or blocking at the application layer based on URLs embedded in HTTP GET messages, the mediation gateway will screen IP addresses or domain names at the session layer, before the encrypted SSL tunnel is established. If the mediation gateway determines that the electronic device is over a predefined periodic data limit, it can deny service based on that determination alone. If the device is not over a data limit, the mediation gateway may analyze the IP address or domain name embedded in the Client Hello message and compare it to one or more blacklists or IP addresses or domain names. If the IP address or domain name is on an applicable blacklist (a parental controls category that applies to the device or a general blacklist applying to all devices), the mediation gateway may deny service. If the IP address or domain name corresponds to a premium communication service, the mediation gateway may determine whether the electronic device is associated with a subscription to the premium communication service and whether the account is in good standing. If the subscription does not exist or if the account is in arrears, the mediation gateway may deny service. 
     While the above describes a specific embodiment and use case, it is noted that the present disclosure teaches a technical solution that may be applicable to technical problems that may be experienced in other use cases. More specifically, the current disclosure teaches mediating data communication at a session layer and replying, by a mediating node, to a client with a parameter embedded in a message that reconfigures, restructures, or revises the on-going communication exchange. The client responds to the embedded parameter by altering the continuation of its messaging session in accordance with the embedded reply message. As a specific example, this entails adding a redirection extension parameter to the SSL protocol and adapting clients (e.g., web browsers) to respond to the redirection extension parameter. As another example, this entails adding a different extension parameter to the SSL protocol directing some other change of an otherwise customary communication sequence. In general this may be referred to as dynamic adaptation of session layer communications based on extension parameters embedded in reply messages. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 1 , a system  100  is described. In an embodiment, the system  100  comprises a user equipment  102 , an enhanced node B (eNB)  104 , a communication network  106 , a content server  108 , a data communication gateway  110 , and a web server  134 . The UE  102  may be a mobile phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a media player, a wearable computer, a headset computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or a notebook computer. The eNB  104  may also be referred to as a base transceiver station (BTS) or a cell tower. The eNB  104  provides wireless communication links to the UE  102  and communicatively couples it to the network  106 . The eNB  104  and the UE  102  may communicate with each other according to a long term evolution (LTE), a code division multiple access (CDMA), a global system for mobile communication (GSM), a worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), or other cellular wireless communication protocol. The network  106  may be one or more public networks, one or more private networks, or a combination thereof. The content server  108  and the data communication gateway  110  may be implemented as computer systems. Computer systems are discussed further hereinafter. 
     The content server  108  may provide static content or web pages or it may provide streaming content such as video. The data communication gateway  110  may be referred to as a mediation gateway and may enforce restrictions on access of the UE  102  to the content server  108 . For example, the gateway  110  may deny or block service to the UE  102  based on parental controls authorized for application to the UE  102 , based on exceeding a periodic data limit defined for the UE  102  or for a subscription account associated with the UE  102 , based on lack of an appropriate subscription to receive a premium communication service, or based on an overdue subscription bill or fee. In an embodiment, the gateway  110  does not block access of the UE  102  to the content server  108  or premium communication services based on an overdue base subscription bill or fee. While a single UE  102 , a single eNB  104 , a single content server  108 , and a single web server  134  are shown in  FIG. 1 , it is understood that the system  100  may comprise any number of UEs  102 , eNBs  104 , content servers  108 , data communication gateways  110 , and web servers  134 . 
     In an embodiment, the UE  102  comprises a processor  114 , a cellular radio frequency (RF) transceiver  116 , a display  118 , and a memory  120 . The memory may comprise a non-transitory portion and a transitory portion. The memory  120  stores a web browser application  122 . In some contexts the web browser application  122  may be referred to as a client. The web browser application  122  comprises a component that provides secure socket layer (SSL) processing  124 . The SSL processing  124  provides Client Hello message redirection extension handling  126 . It is understood that it is a teaching of the present disclosure to modify conventional SSL processing by deploying the SSL processing  124  that further comprises the Client Hello message redirection extension handling  126  to support handling Client Hello message redirection extension parameters. In some contexts, a SSL Client Hello message redirection extension may be referred to as a client redirection extension. In an embodiment, the web browser application  122  is stored in a non-transitory portion of the memory  120 . In an embodiment, the web browser application  122  may be stored in the non-transitory portion of the memory  120  and copied to the transitory portion of memory  120  when the web browser application  122  is loaded for execution by the processor  114 . 
     The data communication gateway  110  comprises a memory  129  storing communication service mediation application  130  and one or more blacklists  132 . The memory  129  may comprise a non-transitory portion and a transitory portion. The communication service mediation application  130  and the blacklists  132  may be stored in the non-transitory portion of the memory  129 . In an embodiment, the application  130  and blacklists  132  are copied from the non-transitory portion of memory  129  to the transitory portion of memory  129  before a processor (not shown) of the data communication gateway  110  executes the application  130 . The blacklists  132  identify content, communication services, uniform resource locators (URLs), IP addresses, domain names, or other indices to access content or communication service. The gateway  110  denies requests of the UE  102  to access content, communication services, URLS, IP addresses, and domain names identified in the blacklists  132  under various conditions. Some of the blacklists  132  may be associated with different levels or categories of parental controls. For example a first blacklist  132  may be used to provide a first level or category of parental control, a second blacklist  132  may be used to provide a second level or category of parental control, and a third blacklist  132  may be used to provide a third level or category of parental control. One of the blacklists  132  may be a general purpose blacklist  132  that identifies web sites or server computers associated with malware or cyber security threats. One of the blacklists  132  may be a general purpose blacklist  132  that identifies criminal web sites or server computers, such as criminals sponsoring or promoting terrorism. 
     The web server  134  provides courtesy messages that may be stored in data store  136  communicatively coupled to the server  134 . These courtesy messages may be associated with a plurality of predefined circumstances. Different courtesy messages may be associated with each of a variety of different parental control prohibitions. Other courtesy messages may be associated with exceeding a data usage limit, for example consuming data above a limit for a monthly wireless communication service plan. Other courtesy messages may be associated with denial of service due to an unpaid bill or due to not having an active subscription for an associated premium communication service. The courtesy messages may present text on the display  118 , when the courtesy message is rendered by the web browser  122 , that explains the denial of service. Some of the courtesy messages may include control buttons to select to pay a delinquent subscription fee, to select to initiate and/or pay for premium subscription communication service, to select to upgrade a wireless communication service plan (whereby to increase a periodic data limit), or to remedy the denial of service in other ways. Some of the courtesy messages may embedded links to web pages that provide control inputs for upgrading subscription plans, paying delinquent subscription bills or fees, and/or adding a premium communication service. 
     The present disclosure teaches, at least in part, the data communication gateway  110  denying service to an application communication layer request from the UE  102  by processing at a session communication layer that returns a SSL Server Hello message embedding or encapsulating a redirection extension parameter with an index, an address, or a URL to render content from. The terms application layer and session layer refer to the Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) reference model that is well known to those skilled in the art. Much modern electronic communication is carried out by communication nodes having an architecture based on the OSI reference model. Sometimes one or more of the seven canonical layers is omitted in actual communication devices; sometimes two or more canonical layers are combined in a single layer in actual communication devices. 
     It is understood that the teachings of the present disclosure can readily be carried over to other electronic devices such as desktop computers, set-top boxes, and other stationary electronic devices that are communicatively coupled to the network  106  by wires rather than a wireless link. The internal architecture of these stationary devices would have all of the components of the UE  102  illustrated in  FIG. 1  with the possible exception of the Cellular RF transceiver  116 . In an embodiment, a stationary device (i.e., desktop computer, set-top box, or other stationary Internet enabled electronic device) that applies the teachings of this disclosure may be coupled to the network  106  by a wireless access point (AP) such as a WiFi AP, and in this case the stationary device would comprise a RF transceiver such as a WiFi transceiver or other short-range wireless transceiver that is configured to establish a wireless communication link with the wireless AP. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 2 , a message sequence is described. The context of the message sequence may be an attempt by the UE  102  to access a communication service or content from the content server  108  that is denied by the gateway  110 . More specifically, the context may be the UE  102  making an attempt to access the content server  108  according to an encrypted SSL tunnel, for example pursuant to executing a HTTPS GET request. At label  150 , the UE  102  sends a TCP Syn message to the content server  108  via the data communication gateway  110  (mediation gateway). At label  152 , the content server  108  sends a TCP Syn/Ack message to the UE  102  via the gateway  110 . At label  154 , the UE  102  sends a TCP Ack to the content server  108  via the gateway  110 . The messages associated with labels  150 ,  152 ,  154  comprise communication at the transport layer and may result in the establishment of a TCP connection between the UE  102  and the content server  108  via the gateway  110 . 
     At label  156 , the UE  102  sends a secure socket layer (SSL) Client Hello message to the gateway  110 . It is understood that the UE  102  sends the SSL Client Hello message via the cellular RF transceiver  116  to the eNB  104 , to the network  106 , to the gateway  110 . The gateway  110  evaluates the SSL Client Hello message based on one or more of parental controls that apply to the UE  102 , data usage limits that apply to the UE  102 , blacklist restrictions, premium communication service subscriptions, and optionally other considerations. The evaluation may be based on information contained in the SSL Client Hello message such as an identity of content, of premium communication service, or of the content server  108 , as described further below. The SSL Client Hello message may further identify an application layer protocol that is to be used to access the content, the premium communication service, or the content server  108 , for example to identify HTTP or HTTPS or another application layer communication protocol. In the exemplary message sequence of  FIG. 2 , at label  157 , the gateway  110  (e.g., the service mediation application  130 ) determines to deny the requested service. 
     In an embodiment, the service mediation application  130  may perform a series of analyses before denying or allowing a service request. A first analysis may comprise determining if the UE  102  is associated with a basic communication service subscription account that is in arrears or has an overdue bill pending. In another embodiment, however, the service mediation application  130  may not analyze whether the basic service account is in arrears or not: this may be an analysis performed at a different node in the communication service provider network. For example, this may be determined before granting access of the UE  102  to the radio access network (RAN), that is before allowing the UE  102  to establish a wireless communication link with the eNB  104 . 
     A second analysis performed by the service mediation application  130  may comprise determining if the UE  102  is over a data limit or a data consumption threshold for the current reporting period, for example over a monthly data limit. The data limit or data consumption threshold may be defined in a service plan of the UE  102 . It may be presumed that if the UE  102  is seeking to establish an encrypted SSL tunnel, based on the SSL Client Hello message at label  156 , the UE  102  is intending to initiate a transfer of data (e.g., content) from the content server  108  to the UE  102 , and this will consume further limited data relative to the subscription account. By blocking or denying the service, further exceeding the data limit of the UE  102  is avoided. A third analysis performed by the service mediation application  130  may comprise determining if the SSL Client Hello message identifies a content server  108  and/or an IP address, a domain name, a URL, or a content identity that associates to a premium communication service and, if so, checking to see if the UE  102  is subscribed to receive that premium communication service. 
     A fourth analysis performed by the service mediation application  130  may comprise determining if the SSL Client Hello message identifies a content server  108  and/or an IP address, a domain name, a URL, or a content identity that associates to an identity in any of the blacklists  132 . More specifically, if parental controls are authorized for the service account of the UE  102 , the fourth analysis may comprise determining which of a plurality of parental control categories is applicable and determining whether an identity in the Client Hello message matches an identity in the applicable parental control category. The fourth analysis may further comprise determining whether an identity in the Client Hello message matches an identity in other applicable blacklists  132 , for example a general blacklist of suspected criminal web sites (e.g., terrorists) and/or a malware blacklist of suspected cybercrime web sites. 
     When an identity in the SSL Client Hello message matches a blacklist identity, the service request is denied. When an unsubscribed premium communication service is requested, the service request is denied. If the UE  102  is over the data limit, the service request is denied. 
     At label  158 , the gateway  110  sends a SSL Server Hello message containing a redirection extension that identifies a courtesy message stored in the data store  136  and accessible via the web server  134 . In some contexts, the redirection extension may be referred to as a client redirection extension. For example, the redirection extension comprises a URL identifying the subject courtesy message and/or a web page that encapsulates the courtesy message. It is understood that the UE  102  receives the SSL Server Hello message via the cellular RF transceiver  116  via the eNB  104  and the network  106  from the gateway  110 . The messages at label  156  and  158  comprise communication at the session layer, specifically SSL protocol communications. It is understood that the gateway  110 , when it determines to deny the requested service to the UE  102 , may relay the SSL Client Hello message to the content server  108  and receive a SSL Server Hello message back from the content server  108  and then discard or destroy the received SSL Server Hello message. 
     In response to receiving and interpreting the SSL Server Hello message containing the redirection extension, the UE  102  establishes a TCP connection at labels  160 ,  162 ,  164  with the web server  134 , messages that comprise communication at the transport layer. At label  166 , the UE  102  sends a HTTP GET message to the gateway  110 . At label  168 , the gateway  110  may evaluate the HTTP GET message to determine if the communication service is to be permitted or denied and determines it will be permitted. At label  170 , the gateway  110  relays the HTTP GET message to the web server  134 . In embodiment, instead of sending a HTTP message, the UE  102  may send a HTTPS GET message to the web server  134 , which entails setting up an encrypted SSL tunnel after the TCP connection and prior to sending the HTTPS GET message through the encrypted SSL tunnel. 
     The web server  134  may access a courtesy message whose URL is contained in the HTTP GET, for example retrieving the courtesy message from the data store  136 . The courtesy message may be embedded as a hypertext markup language (HTML) document in a web page. The courtesy message may comprise active controls or interface control buttons or fields. The courtesy message may comprise links to other web pages, for example links to a web page for upgrading a subscription account, links to a web page to pay a delinquent premium communication service subscription fee, links to a web page to subscribe to a premium communication service, and the like. At label  172 , the web server  134  sends the courtesy message embedded in an HTTP 200 OK message to the gateway  110 , and at label  174 , the gateway  110  relays the HTTP 200 OK message to the UE  102 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the HTTP 200 OK message may carry a HTML document (i.e., a web page) with it. Alternatively, the web server  134  may send a HTTPS 200 OK message to the UE  102  via the gateway  110 , in the case where the UE  102  established an encrypted SSL tunnel with the web server  134 . 
     The web browser  122  of the UE  102  may render the HTML document or web page provided in the HTTP 200 OK message (or the HTTPS 200 OK message) and present text and links on the display  118 . The text may provide an explanation of why the requested communication service request was denied. For example, the text may indicate that the content server  108  that the UE  102  attempted to browse to is prohibited by parental controls on the UE  102  or by cyber security policies of the wireless communication service provider. For example the text may indicate that the UE  102  is over its data limit for the on-going subscription account period or that the UE  102  is not subscribed for the premium communication service requested. The text may indicate that the premium communication service account of the UE  102  is in arears and a payment is overdue. Links may be embedded in the text presented on the display  118  for navigating to a web page that can be used by the UE  102  to overcome the reasons for the communication service denial, for example to pay an overdue account bill or to upgrade a subscription account. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 3 , a method  200  is described. The method  200  may be performed by the data communication gateway  110  to mediate data communication service, for example to mediate data communication service for the UE  102  described above with reference to  FIG. 1  or for another electronic device, such as a desktop computer or set-top box. At block  202 , the data communication gateway  110  receives a secure socket layer (SSL) client hello message identifying a server and an application layer communication protocol by a data communication gateway from a client executing on one of a user equipment (UE), a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a desktop computer, or a set-top box. 
     At block  204 , the data communication gateway determines to deny an application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server. 
     At block  206 , in response to determining to deny application layer communication service access of the client to the identified server, the data communication server sends a SSL server hello message comprising a client redirection extension to the client. The client redirection extension identifies a web server configured to provide a courtesy message associated with the service denial in response to a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) GET message or a secure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTPS) GET message, where the web server is different from the server identified in the SSL client hello message. 
       FIG. 4  depicts the user equipment (UE)  400 , which is operable for implementing aspects of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure should not be limited to these implementations. Though illustrated as a mobile phone, the UE  400  may take various forms including a wireless handset, a pager, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a gaming device, or a media player. The UE  400  includes a touchscreen display  402  having a touch-sensitive surface for input by a user. A small number of application icons  404  are illustrated within the touch screen display  402 . It is understood that in different embodiments, any number of application icons  404  may be presented in the touch screen display  402 . In some embodiments of the UE  400 , a user may be able to download and install additional applications on the UE  400 , and an icon associated with such downloaded and installed applications may be added to the touch screen display  402  or to an alternative screen. The UE  400  may have other components such as electro-mechanical switches, speakers, camera lenses, microphones, input and/or output connectors, and other components as are well known in the art. The UE  400  may present options for the user to select, controls for the user to actuate, and/or cursors or other indicators for the user to direct. The UE  400  may further accept data entry from the user, including numbers to dial or various parameter values for configuring the operation of the handset. The UE  400  may further execute one or more software or firmware applications in response to user commands. These applications may configure the UE  400  to perform various customized functions in response to user interaction. Additionally, the UE  400  may be programmed and/or configured over-the-air, for example from a wireless base station, a wireless access point, or a peer UE  400 . The UE  400  may execute a web browser application which enables the touch screen display  402  to show a web page. The web page may be obtained via wireless communications with a base transceiver station, a wireless network access node, a peer UE  400  or any other wireless communication network or system. 
       FIG. 5  shows a block diagram of the UE  400 . While a variety of known components of handsets are depicted, in an embodiment a subset of the listed components and/or additional components not listed may be included in the UE  400 . The UE  400  includes a digital signal processor (DSP)  502  and a memory  504 . As shown, the UE  400  may further include an antenna and front end unit  506 , a radio frequency (RF) transceiver  508 , a baseband processing unit  510 , a microphone  512 , an earpiece speaker  514 , a headset port  516 , an input/output interface  518 , a removable memory card  520 , a universal serial bus (USB) port  522 , an infrared port  524 , a vibrator  526 , one or more electro-mechanical switches  528 , a touch screen liquid crystal display (LCD) with a touch screen display  530 , a touch screen/LCD controller  532 , a camera  534 , a camera controller  536 , and a global positioning system (GPS) receiver  538 . In an embodiment, the UE  400  may include another kind of display that does not provide a touch sensitive screen. In an embodiment, the UE  400  may include both the touch screen display  530  and additional display component that does not provide a touch sensitive screen. In an embodiment, the DSP  502  may communicate directly with the memory  504  without passing through the input/output interface  518 . Additionally, in an embodiment, the UE  400  may comprise other peripheral devices that provide other functionality. 
     The DSP  502  or some other form of controller or central processing unit operates to control the various components of the UE  400  in accordance with embedded software or firmware stored in memory  504  or stored in memory contained within the DSP  502  itself. In addition to the embedded software or firmware, the DSP  502  may execute other applications stored in the memory  504  or made available via information carrier media such as portable data storage media like the removable memory card  520  or via wired or wireless network communications. The application software may comprise a compiled set of machine-readable instructions that configure the DSP  502  to provide the desired functionality, or the application software may be high-level software instructions to be processed by an interpreter or compiler to indirectly configure the DSP  502 . 
     The DSP  502  may communicate with a wireless network via the analog baseband processing unit  510 . In some embodiments, the communication may provide Internet connectivity, enabling a user to gain access to content on the Internet and to send and receive e-mail or text messages. The input/output interface  518  interconnects the DSP  502  and various memories and interfaces. The memory  504  and the removable memory card  520  may provide software and data to configure the operation of the DSP  502 . Among the interfaces may be the USB port  522  and the infrared port  524 . The USB port  522  may enable the UE  400  to function as a peripheral device to exchange information with a personal computer or other computer system. The infrared port  524  and other optional ports such as a Bluetooth® interface or an IEEE 802.11 compliant wireless interface may enable the UE  400  to communicate wirelessly with other nearby handsets and/or wireless base stations. In an embodiment, the UE  400  may comprise a near field communication (NFC) transceiver. The NFC transceiver may be used to complete payment transactions with point-of-sale terminals or other communications exchanges. In an embodiment, the UE  400  may comprise a radio frequency identify (RFID) reader and/or writer device. 
     The switches  528  may couple to the DSP  502  via the input/output interface  518  to provide one mechanism for the user to provide input to the UE  400 . Alternatively, one or more of the switches  528  may be coupled to a motherboard of the UE  400  and/or to components of the UE  400  via a different path (e.g., not via the input/output interface  518 ), for example coupled to a power control circuit (power button) of the UE  400 . The touch screen display  530  is another input mechanism, which further displays text and/or graphics to the user. The touch screen LCD controller  532  couples the DSP  502  to the touch screen display  530 . The GPS receiver  538  is coupled to the DSP  502  to decode global positioning system signals, thereby enabling the UE  400  to determine its position. 
       FIG. 6A  illustrates a software environment  602  that may be implemented by the DSP  502 . The DSP  502  executes operating system software  604  that provides a platform from which the rest of the software operates. The operating system software  604  may provide a variety of drivers for the handset hardware with standardized interfaces that are accessible to application software. The operating system software  604  may be coupled to and interact with application management services (AMS)  606  that transfer control between applications running on the UE  400 . Also shown in  FIG. 6A  are the web browser application  122 , a media player application  610 , and JAVA applets  612 . The web browser application  122  may be executed by the UE  400  to browse content and/or the Internet, for example when the UE  400  is coupled to a network via a wireless link. The web browser application  122  may permit a user to enter information into forms and select links to retrieve and view web pages. The web browser application  122  provides further operational features described above with reference to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , for example secure socket layer processing  124  that handles the client hello redirection extension disclosed herein. The media player application  610  may be executed by the UE  400  to play audio or audiovisual media. The JAVA applets  612  may be executed by the UE  400  to provide a variety of functionality including games, utilities, and other functionality. 
       FIG. 6B  illustrates an alternative software environment  620  that may be implemented by the DSP  502 . The DSP  502  executes operating system kernel (OS kernel)  628  and an execution runtime  630 . The DSP  502  executes applications  622  that may execute in the execution runtime  630  and may rely upon services provided by the application framework  624 . Applications  622  and the application framework  624  may rely upon functionality provided via the libraries  626 . 
       FIG. 7  illustrates a computer system  380  suitable for implementing one or more embodiments disclosed herein. The computer system  380  includes a processor  382  (which may be referred to as a central processor unit or CPU) that is in communication with memory devices including secondary storage  384 , read only memory (ROM)  386 , random access memory (RAM)  388 , input/output (I/O) devices  390 , and network connectivity devices  392 . The processor  382  may be implemented as one or more CPU chips. 
     It is understood that by programming and/or loading executable instructions onto the computer system  380 , at least one of the CPU  382 , the RAM  388 , and the ROM  386  are changed, transforming the computer system  380  in part into a particular machine or apparatus having the novel functionality taught by the present disclosure. It is fundamental to the electrical engineering and software engineering arts that functionality that can be implemented by loading executable software into a computer can be converted to a hardware implementation by well-known design rules. Decisions between implementing a concept in software versus hardware typically hinge on considerations of stability of the design and numbers of units to be produced rather than any issues involved in translating from the software domain to the hardware domain. Generally, a design that is still subject to frequent change may be preferred to be implemented in software, because re-spinning a hardware implementation is more expensive than re-spinning a software design. Generally, a design that is stable that will be produced in large volume may be preferred to be implemented in hardware, for example in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), because for large production runs the hardware implementation may be less expensive than the software implementation. Often a design may be developed and tested in a software form and later transformed, by well-known design rules, to an equivalent hardware implementation in an application specific integrated circuit that hardwires the instructions of the software. In the same manner as a machine controlled by a new ASIC is a particular machine or apparatus, likewise a computer that has been programmed and/or loaded with executable instructions may be viewed as a particular machine or apparatus. 
     Additionally, after the system  380  is turned on or booted, the CPU  382  may execute a computer program or application. For example, the CPU  382  may execute software or firmware stored in the ROM  386  or stored in the RAM  388 . In some cases, on boot and/or when the application is initiated, the CPU  382  may copy the application or portions of the application from the secondary storage  384  to the RAM  388  or to memory space within the CPU  382  itself, and the CPU  382  may then execute instructions that the application is comprised of. In some cases, the CPU  382  may copy the application or portions of the application from memory accessed via the network connectivity devices  392  or via the I/O devices  390  to the RAM  388  or to memory space within the CPU  382 , and the CPU  382  may then execute instructions that the application is comprised of. During execution, an application may load instructions into the CPU  382 , for example load some of the instructions of the application into a cache of the CPU  382 . In some contexts, an application that is executed may be said to configure the CPU  382  to do something, e.g., to configure the CPU  382  to perform the function or functions promoted by the subject application. When the CPU  382  is configured in this way by the application, the CPU  382  becomes a specific purpose computer or a specific purpose machine. 
     The secondary storage  384  is typically comprised of one or more disk drives or tape drives and is used for non-volatile storage of data and as an over-flow data storage device if RAM  388  is not large enough to hold all working data. Secondary storage  384  may be used to store programs which are loaded into RAM  388  when such programs are selected for execution. The ROM  386  is used to store instructions and perhaps data which are read during program execution. ROM  386  is a non-volatile memory device which typically has a small memory capacity relative to the larger memory capacity of secondary storage  384 . The RAM  388  is used to store volatile data and perhaps to store instructions. Access to both ROM  386  and RAM  388  is typically faster than to secondary storage  384 . The secondary storage  384 , the RAM  388 , and/or the ROM  386  may be referred to in some contexts as computer readable storage media and/or non-transitory computer readable media. 
     I/O devices  390  may include printers, video monitors, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), touch screen displays, keyboards, keypads, switches, dials, mice, track balls, voice recognizers, card readers, paper tape readers, or other well-known input devices. 
     The network connectivity devices  392  may take the form of modems, modem banks, Ethernet cards, universal serial bus (USB) interface cards, serial interfaces, token ring cards, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) cards, wireless local area network (WLAN) cards, radio transceiver cards that promote radio communications using protocols such as code division multiple access (CDMA), global system for mobile communications (GSM), long-term evolution (LTE), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), near field communications (NFC), radio frequency identity (RFID), and/or other air interface protocol radio transceiver cards, and other well-known network devices. These network connectivity devices  392  may enable the processor  382  to communicate with the Internet or one or more intranets. With such a network connection, it is contemplated that the processor  382  might receive information from the network, or might output information to the network in the course of performing the above-described method steps. Such information, which is often represented as a sequence of instructions to be executed using processor  382 , may be received from and outputted to the network, for example, in the form of a computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave. 
     Such information, which may include data or instructions to be executed using processor  382  for example, may be received from and outputted to the network, for example, in the form of a computer data baseband signal or signal embodied in a carrier wave. The baseband signal or signal embedded in the carrier wave, or other types of signals currently used or hereafter developed, may be generated according to several methods well-known to one skilled in the art. The baseband signal and/or signal embedded in the carrier wave may be referred to in some contexts as a transitory signal. 
     The processor  382  executes instructions, codes, computer programs, scripts which it accesses from hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk (these various disk based systems may all be considered secondary storage  384 ), flash drive, ROM  386 , RAM  388 , or the network connectivity devices  392 . While only one processor  382  is shown, multiple processors may be present. Thus, while instructions may be discussed as executed by a processor, the instructions may be executed simultaneously, serially, or otherwise executed by one or multiple processors. Instructions, codes, computer programs, scripts, and/or data that may be accessed from the secondary storage  384 , for example, hard drives, floppy disks, optical disks, and/or other device, the ROM  386 , and/or the RAM  388  may be referred to in some contexts as non-transitory instructions and/or non-transitory information. 
     In an embodiment, the computer system  380  may comprise two or more computers in communication with each other that collaborate to perform a task. For example, but not by way of limitation, an application may be partitioned in such a way as to permit concurrent and/or parallel processing of the instructions of the application. Alternatively, the data processed by the application may be partitioned in such a way as to permit concurrent and/or parallel processing of different portions of a data set by the two or more computers. In an embodiment, virtualization software may be employed by the computer system  380  to provide the functionality of a number of servers that is not directly bound to the number of computers in the computer system  380 . For example, virtualization software may provide twenty virtual servers on four physical computers. In an embodiment, the functionality disclosed above may be provided by executing the application and/or applications in a cloud computing environment. Cloud computing may comprise providing computing services via a network connection using dynamically scalable computing resources. Cloud computing may be supported, at least in part, by virtualization software. A cloud computing environment may be established by an enterprise and/or may be hired on an as-needed basis from a third party provider. Some cloud computing environments may comprise cloud computing resources owned and operated by the enterprise as well as cloud computing resources hired and/or leased from a third party provider. 
     In an embodiment, some or all of the functionality disclosed above may be provided as a computer program product. The computer program product may comprise one or more computer readable storage medium having computer usable program code embodied therein to implement the functionality disclosed above. The computer program product may comprise data structures, executable instructions, and other computer usable program code. The computer program product may be embodied in removable computer storage media and/or non-removable computer storage media. The removable computer readable storage medium may comprise, without limitation, a paper tape, a magnetic tape, magnetic disk, an optical disk, a solid state memory chip, for example analog magnetic tape, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) disks, floppy disks, jump drives, digital cards, multimedia cards, and others. The computer program product may be suitable for loading, by the computer system  380 , at least portions of the contents of the computer program product to the secondary storage  384 , to the ROM  386 , to the RAM  388 , and/or to other non-volatile memory and volatile memory of the computer system  380 . The processor  382  may process the executable instructions and/or data structures in part by directly accessing the computer program product, for example by reading from a CD-ROM disk inserted into a disk drive peripheral of the computer system  380 . Alternatively, the processor  382  may process the executable instructions and/or data structures by remotely accessing the computer program product, for example by downloading the executable instructions and/or data structures from a remote server through the network connectivity devices  392 . The computer program product may comprise instructions that promote the loading and/or copying of data, data structures, files, and/or executable instructions to the secondary storage  384 , to the ROM  386 , to the RAM  388 , and/or to other non-volatile memory and volatile memory of the computer system  380 . 
     In some contexts, the secondary storage  384 , the ROM  386 , and the RAM  388  may be referred to as a non-transitory computer readable medium or a computer readable storage media. A dynamic RAM embodiment of the RAM  388 , likewise, may be referred to as a non-transitory computer readable medium in that while the dynamic RAM receives electrical power and is operated in accordance with its design, for example during a period of time during which the computer system  380  is turned on and operational, the dynamic RAM stores information that is written to it. Similarly, the processor  382  may comprise an internal RAM, an internal ROM, a cache memory, and/or other internal non-transitory storage blocks, sections, or components that may be referred to in some contexts as non-transitory computer readable media or computer readable storage media. 
     While several embodiments have been provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. The present examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the intention is not to be limited to the details given herein. For example, the various elements or components may be combined or integrated in another system or certain features may be omitted or not implemented. 
     Also, techniques, systems, subsystems, and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments as discrete or separate may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, techniques, or methods without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Other items shown or discussed as directly coupled or communicating with each other may be indirectly coupled or communicating through some interface, device, or intermediate component, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise. Other examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein.