Patent Publication Number: US-2019173802-A1

Title: Sla-based resource allocation method and nfvo

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2018/073681, filed on Jan. 23, 2018, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201710091068.9, filed on Feb. 20, 2017, The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments of the present invention relate to communications technologies, and in particular, to a Service Level Agreement (Service Level Agreement, SLA for short)-based resource allocation method and a Network Functions Virtualization Orchestrator (Network Functions Virtualization Orchestrator, NFVO for short). 
     BACKGROUND 
     In a Network Functions Virtualization (Network Functions Virtualization, NFV for short) technology, software processing of many functions is carried by using commodity hardware and a virtualization technology, so that high costs of devices of a network are reduced. 
     An architecture of an NFV system mainly includes the following several function components: 
     NFVO, which is responsible for life cycle management of a Network Service (Network Service, NS for short), resource orchestration and management, and real-time monitoring of resources and information about a running status of a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure (NFV Infrastructure, NFVI for short). The NFVO cooperates with a Virtualized Network Function Manager (Virtualized Network Function Manager, VNFM for short) to monitor life cycle management of a Virtualized Network Function (Virtualized Network Function, VNF for short) and a global view of resources. 
     VNFM, which is responsible for life cycle management of the VNF, for example, initialization of a VNF instance, scale-out/scale-in of the VNF instance, termination of the VNF instance, and management of information about a running status of the VNF. 
     Virtualized Infrastructure Manager (Virtualized Infrastructure Manager, VIM for short), which is responsible for management and monitoring of hardware resources and virtualized resources at an infrastructure layer and fault reporting, and providing a virtualized resource pool for an upper-layer application. For example, the Virtualized Infrastructure Manager is responsible for managing and allocating NFVI resources, and monitoring and collecting information about a running status of the NFVI. NFVI resources include hardware resources, virtual resources, and a virtualization layer, and include all states of the NFVI resources, for example, available/reserved/allocated NFVI resources. In terms of the VNF, the virtualization layer and the hardware resources are considered as an entity that can provide required virtual resources. 
     In the NFV system, the VNF is a software implementation of a Network Function (NF, Network Function) that can be run on the NFVI, is equivalent to an entity of a network node, and is expected to be delivered as pure hardware-independent software. 
     In the prior art, during instantiation, scale-out, and migration of an NS/VNF by an NFVO, when the NFVO needs to apply to a VIM for an NFVI virtual resource, the NFVO informs the VIM of only a quantity of required NFVI virtual resources. The VIM returns a corresponding quantity of NFVI virtual resources to the NFVI based on the quantity of NFVI virtual resources that are required by the NFVO. However, the NFVI virtual resource applied for by the NFVO may not satisfy service quality of the NS/VNF. The NFVO may need to apply to the VIM for NFVI virtual resources for a plurality of times, leading to a low qualification hit rate of application for an NFVI virtual resource. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments of the present invention provide an SLA-based resource allocation method and an NFVO. The NFVO considers an NFVI SLA parameter when applying for a virtual resource, so that an obtained virtual resource meets a user requirement and a qualification hit rate of resource application is improved. 
     According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an SLA-based resource allocation method, including: receiving, by an NFVO, a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier of an SLA of a network service; determining, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service; obtaining, from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter; and instantiating the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. In the method, the NFVO considers the NFVI SLA parameter when applying for the virtual resource, so that the obtained virtual resource meets a user requirement and a qualification hit rate of resource application is improved. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is an NS, the network service instantiation request is an NS instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of an NS SLA, and the determining, by the NFVO based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service is specifically: 
     obtaining, by the NFVO, a Network Service Descriptor NSD of the NS, where the NSD includes information about the NS SLA, a VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and a Virtualized Network Function VNF SLA; 
     determining, by the NFVO based on the identifier of the NS SLA and the NSD, a VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS; 
     obtaining, by the NFVO, a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determining, by the NFVO based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the NS SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter; and 
     the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Virtualized Network Function VNF, the network service instantiation request is a VNF instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of a VNF SLA, and the determining, by the NFVO based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service is specifically: 
     obtaining, by the NFVO, a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determining, by the NFVO, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of a VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the NFVO from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     sending, by the NFVO, a first resource request message to the VIM, where the first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     receiving, by the NFVO, a first resource response message sent by the VIM, where the first resource response message includes information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the NFVO from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     determining, by the NFVO based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools; 
     sending, by the NFVO, a second resource request message to the VIM, where the second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource, and the second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource; and 
     receiving, by the NFVO, a second resource response message sent by the VIM. 
     In some embodiments, the method further includes: 
     receiving, by the NFVO, the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM; 
     grouping, by the NFVO, SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule, where 
     correspondingly, the determining, by the NFVO based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools is specifically: 
     determining, by the NFVO based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups. 
     In some embodiments, the preset grouping rule is performing grouping based on regions of the virtual resources or clusters of the virtual resources. 
     According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a Network Functions Virtualization Orchestrator NFVO, including: 
     a receiving module, configured to receive a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier of a Service Level Agreement SLA of a network service; 
     a determining module, configured to determine, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service; 
     an obtaining module, configured to obtain, from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     an instantiation module, configured to instantiate the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Network Service NS, the network service instantiation request is an NS instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of an NS SLA, and the determining module is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a Network Service Descriptor NSD of the NS, where the NSD includes information about the NS SLA, a VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and a Virtualized Network Function VNF SLA; 
     determine, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and the NSD, a VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS; 
     obtain a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determine, based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the NS SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter; and 
     the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Virtualized Network Function VNF, the network service instantiation request is a VNF instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of a VNF SLA, and the determining module is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determine the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of a VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: 
     send a first resource request message to the VIM, where the first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     receive a first resource response message sent by the VIM, where the first resource response message includes information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: 
     determine, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools; 
     send a second resource request message to the VIM, where the second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource, and the second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource; and 
     receive a second resource response message sent by the VIM. 
     In some embodiments, the NFVO further includes a grouping module; 
     the receiving module is further configured to receive the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM; 
     the grouping module is configured to group SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule; and 
     correspondingly, the obtaining module is specifically configured to determine, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups. 
     In some embodiments, the preset grouping rule is performing grouping based on regions of the virtual resources or clusters of the virtual resources. 
     According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an NFVO, including: a transmitter, a receiver, a memory, and a processor, where the memory is configured to store a program instruction, the transmitter is configured to send data to another device, the receiver is configured to receive data sent by the another device, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instruction in the memory to perform the following method: 
     receiving a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier of an SLA of a network service; 
     determining, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service; 
     obtaining, from a VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     instantiating the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Network Service NS, the network service instantiation request is an NS instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of an NS SLA, and the processor determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of a VNF included in the NS, which is specifically: 
     obtaining the NSD of the NS, where the NSD includes information about the NS SLA, the VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA; 
     determining, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and the NSD, the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS; 
     obtaining a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and an NFVI SLA; and 
     determining, based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the NS SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter; and 
     the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a VNF, the network service instantiation request is a VNF instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of a VNF SLA, and the processor determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of a VNF included in the NS, which is specifically: 
     obtaining a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determining the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of a VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the processor from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     sending a first resource request message to the VIM, where the first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     receiving a first resource response message sent by the VIM, where the first resource response message includes information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the processor from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools; 
     sending a second resource request message to the VIM, where the second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource, and the second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource; and 
     receiving a second resource response message sent by the VIM. 
     In some embodiments, the processor is further configured to: receive the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM; and group SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule; and 
     the determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools is specifically: 
     determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups. 
     In some embodiments, the preset grouping rule is performing grouping based on regions of the virtual resources or clusters of the virtual resources. 
     According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes a computer program. When being read and executed by a processor or a chip of another type, the computer program can implement the SLA-based resource allocation method provided by the foregoing embodiment of the present invention. For beneficial effects that can be achieved by the computer program product and a specific working principle of the computer program product, refer to the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described herein again. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic architectural diagram of an NFV system; 
         FIG. 2  is a flowchart of an SLA-based resource allocation method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a signaling flowchart of an SLA-based resource allocation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic structural diagram of an NFVO according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic structural diagram of an NFVO according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     A method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be applied to an NFV system. The NFV system may implement a plurality of types of networks, for example, a Local Area Network (Local Area Network, LAN for short), an Internet Protocol (Internet Protocol, IP for short) network, or an Evolved Packet Core (Evolved Packet Core, EPC for short) network.  FIG. 1  is a schematic architectural diagram of the NFV system. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the NFV system may include an NFV Management and Orchestration System (NFV Management and Orchestration System, NFV-MANO)  110 , an NFVI  150 , a VNF  140 , a plurality of Element Management Systems (Element Management System, EMS)  130 , and one or more Operation Support Systems/Business Support Systems (Operation Support System/Business Support System, OSS/BSS for short)  120 . 
     The NFV-MANO  110  may include an NFVO  111 , one or more VNFMs  112 , and one or more VIMs  113 . The NFVI  150  may include a hardware resource layer including computing hardware  1521 , storage hardware  1522 , and network hardware  1523 , a virtualization layer, and a virtual resource layer including a virtual computer  1511  (such as a virtual machine), a virtual storage  1512 , and a virtual network  1513 . 
     The computing hardware  1521  in the hardware resource layer may be a dedicated processor or a general purpose processor such as a central processing unit (Central Process Unit, CPU for short) configured to provide processing and computing functions; the storage hardware  1522  such as a magnetic disc or a network attached storage (Network Attached Storage, NAS for short) is configured to provide a storage capability; and the network hardware  1523  may be a switch, a router, and/or another network device. 
     The virtualization layer in the NFVI  150  is configured to abstract a hardware resource in the hardware resource layer to decouple the VNF  140  and a physical layer to which the hardware resource belongs, so as to provide a virtual resource to the VNF. 
     The virtual resource layer may include the virtual computer  1511 , the virtual storage  1512 , and the virtual network  1513 . The virtual computer  1511  and the virtual storage  1512  may be provided to the VNF  140  in a form of a virtual machine or another virtual container. For example, one VNF  140  includes one or more virtual machines. The virtualization layer forms the virtual network  1513  by abstracting the network hardware  1523 . The virtual network  1513  is configured to implement communication between a plurality of virtual machines or a plurality of virtual containers of another type that bear the VNF. The virtual network may be created by using a technology such as a virtual LAN (Virtual LAN, VLAN for short), a Virtual Private Local Area Network Service (Virtual Private LAN Service, VPLS for short), a Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network, VxLAN for short), or Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulation (Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulation, NVGRE for short). 
     The OSS/BSS  120  mainly faces a telecommunications service operator, and provides comprehensive network management and service operation functions, including network management (such as fault monitoring and network information collection), charging management, customer service management, and the like. 
     The NFV-MANO  110  may be configured to implement monitoring and management of the VNF  140  and the NFVI  150 . The NFVO  111  may communicate with the one or more VNFMs  112  to implement a request related to a resource, send configuration information to the VNFM  112 , and collect status information of the VNF  140 . Additionally, the NFVO  111  may communicate with the VIM  113  to implement resource allocation, and/or reserve and exchange configuration information and status information of virtualized hardware resources. The VNFM  112  may be configured to: manage one or more VNFs  140  and perform various management functions, for example, initiate, update, query, and/or terminate the VNF  140 . The VIM  113  may be configured to control and manage interaction between the VNF  140  and the computing hardware  1521 , the storage hardware  1522 , the network hardware  1523 , the virtual computer  1511 , the virtual storage  1512 , and the virtual network  1513 . For example, the VIM  113  may be configured to perform an operation of allocating a resource to the VNF  140 . The VNFM  112  and the VIM  113  may communicate with each other to exchange the configuration and status information of the virtualized hardware resources. 
     The NFVI  150  may include hardware and software. The hardware and the software jointly establish a virtualized environment to deploy, manage, and execute the VNF  140 . In other words, the hardware resource layer and the virtual resource layer are configured to provide a virtual resource to the VNF  140 , for example, a virtual machine and/or a virtual container in another form. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , the VNFM  112  may communicate with the VNF  140  and the EMS  130  to execute life cycle management of the VNF and exchange configuration/status information. The VNF  140  is virtualization of at least one Network Function, and the Network Function is provided by a physical network device previously. In an implementation, the VNF  140  may be a virtualized Mobility Management Entity (Mobility Management Entity, MME for short) node, configured to provide all Network Functions provided by a typical non-virtualized MME device. In another implementation, the VNF  140  may be configured to implement functions of some of all components provided by the non-virtualized MME device. One VNF  140  may include one or more Virtualized Network Function Components (VNF Component, VNFC for short), and the VNFC may be a virtual machine or a virtual container in another form. The EMS  130  may be configured to manage the one or more VNFs  140 . 
     It can be learned based on descriptions of functions of composition parts in a system architecture of the NFV system, the VNFM  112  is configured to perform various management functions on the VNF  140 , for example, initiate, update, query, and terminate the VNF  140 . The VIM  113  is configured to control and manage interaction between the VNF  140  and other parts. Therefore, if one VNF  140  is implemented, the VNFM  112  and the VIM  113  need to work cooperatively. Therefore, the VNFM  112  and the VIM  113  can communicate with each other to exchange the configuration and status information of the virtualized hardware resources. The VNFM  112  and the VIM  113  establish a communication connection by using an interface. 
     Based on the VNF system architecture shown in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2  is a flowchart of an SLA-based resource allocation method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 2 , the method in this embodiment may include the following steps. 
     Step  101 : An NFVO receives a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier (Identifier, ID for short) of a Service Level Agreement (Service Level Agreement, SLA for short) of a network service. 
     The network service instantiation request is used to request to instantiate the network service, and the network service instantiation request may be initiated by an operator to the NFVO, or may be initiated by another software or hardware device to the NFVO. Different from an existing network service instantiation request, in this embodiment, a new parameter is added to the network service instantiation request: the ID of the SLA of the network service. The ID of the SLA of the network service is used to identify an SLA parameter of the network service, and SLA parameters of different network services are different. Correspondingly, IDs of SLAs of different network services are different. The SLA is an internationally accepted telecommunications service evaluation standard, and is an agreement reached by an operator and a user, in which the user pays fees to request the operator to ensure particular service performance and reliability. A conventional SLA usually includes service availability and a guarantee of a customer support service, for example, circuit availability, network performance, a service response time, and service guarantee, so as to make a commitment on service quality, a charging standard, a compensation standard, and the like. 
     In some embodiments, the network service in this embodiment may be an NS or a VNF. Correspondingly, the network service instantiation request may be an NS instantiation request or a VNF instantiation request. The identifier of the SLA of the network service included in the NS instantiation request is an identifier of an NS SLA. The identifier of the SLA of the network service included in the VNF instantiation request is an identifier of a VNF SLA. The NS is a network service including a plurality of VNFs to provide a more complex function. Instantiating the NS is actually instantiating the VNFs included in the NS. 
     Step  102 : The NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service. 
     When the network service is the NS, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, the NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service. Specifically, the NFVO obtains a Network Service Descriptor (Network Service Descriptor, NSD for short) of the NS. The NSD includes information about the NS SLA, a VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA. Subsequently, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and obtains a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor (Virtualized Network Function Descriptor, VNFD for short) of the VNF included in the NS. The VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure (NFV Infrastructure, NFVI for short) SLA. The NFVO determines, based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     The NSD may be carried in the NS instantiation request. The NSD may further be stored in a catalog (catalog). After receiving the NS instantiation request, the NFVO parses the NS instantiation request to learn of the NS that needs to be instantiated, and then obtains the NSD from the catalog. The NSD is uploaded by an operator to the catalog by using the NFVO. The operator may further upload images of the VNFD and the VNF to the catalog. The NSD is an NS description template corresponding to the NS and may be used to describe information about the NS, for example, describe a quantity of VNFs included in the NS and links between network elements. The NSD may further include the VNFD. 
     The NSD is completed by the operator before deployment of the NS. The NSD includes information indicating which VNFs are included in the NS. In this embodiment, the information about the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA are added to the NSD. The information about the NS SLA includes the identifier of the NS SLA (service_sla_id), a keyword of the NS SLA (service_sla_key), and a specific value of the NS SLA (service_sla_value). The association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter. 
     Table 1 is a format of an identifier of an NS SLA, the identifier of the NS SLA being a new base element (base element) added to the NSD. Table 2 is a format of information about the NS SLA. Table 3 is a format of an association relationship between the NS SLA and a VNF SLA. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Type 
                 Cardinality 
                 Description 
               
               
                 Identifier (Identifier) 
                 (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 service_level_agreement 
                 Element 
                 1 to N 
                 Indicating an SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter of the NS 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Identifier 
                 Type 
                 Cardinality 
                 Description 
               
               
                 (Identifier) 
                 (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 service_sla_id 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 The identifier of the 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 NS SLA 
               
               
                 service_sla_key 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 Description of each 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 NS SLA 
               
               
                 service_sla_value 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 A specific requirement of 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 each NS SLA 
               
               
                 service_vnf_relation 
                 Element 
                 1 to N 
                 An NS-VNF SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 relationship model 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Identifier 
                   
                 Cardinality 
                   
               
               
                 (Identifier) 
                 Type (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 Description (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 vnf_reference 
                 Reference 
                 1 
                 Reference to a VNFD 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 declared as vnfd in the 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Network Service via vnf:id 
               
               
                 vnf_sla_id 
                 Reference 
                 1 
                 Referring to vnf_sla_id 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 defined in the VNFD 
               
               
                 relation_model 
                 Leaf 
                 0, 1 
                 Indicating a relationship 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 between the VNF SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter and the NS SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter in the VNFD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     After obtaining the NSD, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS. Specifically, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA, whether the NSD includes the information about the NS SLA. When the NSD includes the information about the NS SLA, the NFVO computes, based on an association computing model of the information about the NS SLA and the VNF SLA parameter, a VNF SLA parameter corresponding to the NS SLA parameter. When the NS includes a plurality of VNFs, the NFVO may obtain a VNF SLA of each VNF based on the association computing model. 
     The VNFD may be carried in the NS instantiation request. The NFVO obtains, from the NS instantiation request, the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS. The VNFD may further be stored in the catalog, and the NFVO obtains the VNFD from the catalog. The VNFD includes the information about the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA. The information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA. The association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     Table 4 is a format of an identifier of a VNFD SLA, the identifier of the VNFD SLA being a new base element added to the VNFD. Table 5 is a format of information about the VNFD SLA. Table 6 is a format of an association relationship between the VNFD SLA and an NFVI SLA. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Identifier 
                   
                 Cardinality 
                 Description 
               
               
                 (Identifier) 
                 Type (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 vnf_sla_agreement 
                 Element 
                 1 to N 
                 Indicating an SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter of the VNF 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Identifier 
                   
                 Cardinality 
                 Description 
               
               
                 (Identifier) 
                 Type (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 vnf_sla_id 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 An identifier of the 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 VNF SLA 
               
               
                 vnf_sla_key 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 Description about each 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 VNF SLA 
               
               
                 vnf_sla_value 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 A specific requirement 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of each VNF SLA 
               
               
                 vnf_nfvi_relation 
                 Element 
                 1 to N 
                 A VNF-NFVI SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 relationship model 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Identifier 
                 Type 
                 Cardinality 
                   
               
               
                 (Identifier) 
                 (Type) 
                 (Cardinality) 
                 Description (Description) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 relation_id 
                 Leaf 
                 1 
                 A relationship identifier 
               
               
                 relation_model 
                 Leaf 
                 0, 1 
                 Representing a relationship 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 between the NFVI SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter and the VNF SLA 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 parameter 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     After obtaining the VNFD, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. Specifically, the NFVO first determines whether the VNFD includes the identifier of the VNF SLA. When the VNFD includes an identifier of a VNF SLA, the NFVO determines, based on an association computing model of information about the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA parameter, an NFVI SLA parameter corresponding to a VNF SLA parameter. 
     When the network service is an NS, the NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, the NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service. Specifically, the NFVO obtains the VNFD of the VNF. The VNFD includes the information about the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA. The NFVO determines the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     The VNFD may be carried in the VNF instantiation request or may be stored in a catalog of a VIM. The information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, the keyword, and the specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: the relationship identifier, and the association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. For a format of the information about the VNF SLA and a format of the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA, refer to the foregoing descriptions in Table 4 to Table 6. 
     Step  103 : The NFVO obtains, from a VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In a first implementation, the NFVO sends a first resource request message to the VIM. The first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter and further includes a quantity of required virtual resources. After receiving the first resource request message, the VIM determines, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter, and returns a first resource response message to the NFVO. The NFVO receives the first resource response message sent by the VIM. The first resource request message includes the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In a second implementation, the NFVO determines, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools, and sends a second resource request message to the VIM. The second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource. The second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource. After receiving the second resource request message, the VIM checks, based on the information about the virtual resource, whether the virtual resource applied for by the NFVO is available. If the virtual resource applied for by the NFVO is available, the virtual resource is reserved for the NFVO, and a second resource response message is returned to the NFVO. The second resource response message includes a result of the reservation. 
     In the second implementation, an NFVI resource is managed by the NFVO. Correspondingly, the NFVO receives the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM, and groups SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule. Subsequently, when determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, the information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools, the NFVO may determine, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups, and then apply to the target group for the virtual resource. The preset grouping rule is regions of the virtual resources or clusters (Cluster) of the virtual resources, to be specific, the NFVO may manage SLA parameters of the virtual resources based on a granularity such as the regions or the clusters of the resource pool. 
     Step  104 : The NFVO instantiates the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. 
     It should be noted that, the method according to the foregoing embodiment may not only be applied to an instantiation process of the NS and the VNF, but may also be applied to a scenario of migration and scale-out of the NS and the VNF. 
     In the method according to this embodiment, the NFVO receives the network service instantiation request. The network service instantiation request includes the identifier of the SLA of the network service. The NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, the NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service, further obtains, from the VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter, and instantiates the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. In the method, the NFVO considers the NFVI SLA parameter when applying for the virtual resource, so that the obtained virtual resource meets a user requirement and a qualification hit rate of resource application is improved. 
     Based on Embodiment 1,  FIG. 3  is a signaling flowchart of an SLA-based resource allocation method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the method according to this embodiment may include the following. 
     S 201 : An operator sends an NS instantiation request to an NFVO, where the NS instantiation request includes an identifier of an NS SLA and an NSD. 
     S 202 : The NFVO verifies validity of the NS instantiation request. 
     The NFVO verifies the validity of the NS instantiation request and validity of an NS that needs to be instantiated. 
     S 203 : The NFVO sends a VNF instance query request to a VNFM. 
     The NS instantiation request further includes a VNF included in the NS. There may be a plurality of VNFs included in the NS. The VNF instance query request is used to query whether the VNF included in the NS exists. If a VNF instance exists, the VNF does not need to be instantiated; and if the VNF instance does not exist, the VNF instance needs to be further instantiated. 
     S 204 : The VNFM sends a VNF instance query response to the NFVO. 
     The VNF instance query response includes information indicating whether a queried VNF instance exists. 
     S 205 : The NFVO determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of a VNF included in an NS. 
     The NSD includes information about the NS SLA, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA. For a specific implementation of this step, refer to related descriptions in Embodiment 1. 
     S 206 : The NFVO sends a VNFD query request to a catalog. 
     The VNFD query request is used to request to query a VNFD and an image of the VNF included in the NS. 
     S 207 : The catalog sends a VNFD query response to the NFVO. 
     The VNFD query response includes a VNFD and an image of a queried VNF. The VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and an NFVI SLA. 
     It should be noted that the NFVO may alternatively query a particular VNFM for the VNFD and the image of the VNF. 
     S 208 : The NFVO determines an NFVI SLA of the VNF based on an identifier of the VNF SLA and a VNFD. 
     S 209 : The NFVO locally queries information about a virtual resource satisfying the NFVI SLA of the VNF. 
     S 210 : The NFVO queries a VIM for availability of the virtual resource and reserves the virtual resource. 
     S 211 : The VIM returns a result of the reservation for the virtual resource to the NFVO. 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic structural diagram of an NFVO according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 4 , the NFVO includes a receiving module  11 , a determining module  12 , an obtaining module  13 , and an instantiation module  14 . 
     The receiving module  11  is configured to receive a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier of a Service Level Agreement SLA of a network service. 
     The determining module  12  is configured to determine, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service. 
     The obtaining module  13  is configured to obtain, from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     The instantiation module  14  is configured to instantiate the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Network Service NS, the network service instantiation request is an NS instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of an NS SLA, and the determining module  12  is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a Network Service Descriptor NSD of the NS, where the NSD includes information about the NS SLA, a VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and a Virtualized Network Function VNF SLA; 
     determine, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and the NSD, a VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS; 
     obtain a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determine, based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the NS SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter. 
     The information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a VNF, the network service instantiation request is a VNF instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of a VNF SLA, and the determining module  12  is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determine the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining module  13  is specifically configured to: send a first resource request message to the VIM, where the first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter; and receive a first resource response message sent by the VIM, where the first resource response message includes information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining module  13  is specifically configured to: determine, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools; send a second resource request message to the VIM, where the second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource, and the second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource; and receive a second resource response message sent by the VIM. 
     In some embodiments, the NFVO further includes a grouping module. The receiving module is further configured to receive the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM. The grouping module is configured to group SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule. Correspondingly, the obtaining module  13  is specifically configured to determine, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups. 
     In some embodiments, the preset grouping rule is performing grouping based on regions of the virtual resources or clusters of the virtual resources. 
     The NFVO provided in this embodiment of the present invention may perform the foregoing method embodiment; and their implementation principles and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again. 
       FIG. 5  is a schematic structural diagram of an NFVO according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 5 , the NFVO includes a transmitter  21 , a receiver  22 , a memory  23 , and a processor  24 . The memory  23  is configured to store a program instruction, the transmitter  21  is configured to send data to another device, the receiver  22  is configured to receive data sent by the another device, and the processor  24  is configured to invoke the program instruction in the memory  23  to perform the following method: 
     receiving a network service instantiation request, where the network service instantiation request includes an identifier of an SLA of a network service; 
     determining, based on the identifier of the SLA of the network service, an NFVI SLA parameter required for instantiating the network service; 
     obtaining, from a VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     instantiating the network service based on the obtained virtual resource. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a Network Service NS, the network service instantiation request is an NS instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of an NS SLA, and the processor  24  determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of a VNF included in the NS, which is specifically: 
     obtaining the NSD of the NS, where the NSD includes information about the NS SLA, the VNF included in the NS, and an association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA; 
     determining, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and the NSD, the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS; 
     obtaining a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and an NFVI SLA; and 
     determining, based on an identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS and the VNFD of the VNF included in the NS, the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF included in the NS. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the NS SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the NS SLA, and the association relationship between the NS SLA and the VNF SLA includes: the identifier of the VNF SLA of the VNF included in the NS, and an association computing model of an NS SLA parameter and a VNF SLA parameter. 
     The information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of the VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the network service is a VNF, the network service instantiation request is a VNF instantiation request, the identifier of the SLA of the network service is an identifier of a VNF SLA, and the processor  24  determines, based on the identifier of the NS SLA and an NSD, a VNF SLA of a VNF included in the NS, which is specifically: 
     obtaining a Virtualized Network Function Descriptor VNFD of the VNF, where the VNFD includes information about the VNF SLA, and an association relationship between the VNF SLA and a Network Functions Virtualization Infrastructure NFVI SLA; and 
     determining the NFVI SLA parameter of the VNF based on the identifier of the VNF SLA and the VNFD. 
     In some embodiments, the information about the VNF SLA includes the identifier, a keyword, and a specific value of the VNF SLA, and the association relationship between the VNF SLA and the NFVI SLA includes: a relationship identifier, and an association computing model of a VNF SLA parameter and the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the processor  24  from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     sending a first resource request message to the VIM, where the first resource request message includes the NFVI SLA parameter; and 
     receiving a first resource response message sent by the VIM, where the first resource response message includes information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter. 
     In some embodiments, the obtaining, by the processor  24  from a Virtualized Infrastructure Manager VIM based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a virtual resource meeting a requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter is specifically: 
     determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools; 
     sending a second resource request message to the VIM, where the second resource request message includes the information about the virtual resource, and the second resource request message is used to query availability of the virtual resource and reserve the virtual resource; and 
     receiving a second resource response message sent by the VIM. 
     In some embodiments, the processor  24  is further configured to: receive the SLA parameter information of the NFVI resource pools reported by the VIM; and group SLA parameters of virtual resources in the NFVI resource pools based on a preset grouping rule; and 
     the determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter and SLA parameter information of NFVI resource pools obtained from the VIM in advance, information about the virtual resource meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the NFVI resource pools is specifically: 
     determining, based on the NFVI SLA parameter, a target group meeting the requirement of the NFVI SLA parameter in the groups. 
     In some embodiments, the preset grouping rule is performing grouping based on regions of the virtual resources or clusters of the virtual resources. 
     In this embodiment, the transmitter  21 , the receiver  22 , and the memory  23  are connected to the processor  24  by using a communications bus. The communications bus is configured to implement a communication connection between elements. The communications bus may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture, industry standard architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, peripheral component interconnect) bus, an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, extended industry standard architecture) bus, or the like. The communications bus may be one or more physical lines. When there are a plurality of physical lines, the physical lines may be classified into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. The memory  23  in this embodiment may include a high-speed RAM memory or may further include a non-volatile memory NVM such as at least one magnetic disk memory. The memory  23  may store various programs configured to complete various processing functions and implement the method steps in this embodiment. In addition, the receiver  22  in this embodiment may be a corresponding input interface having a communication function and an information receiving function. The transmitter  21  in this embodiment may be a corresponding output interface having a communication function and an information sending function. The transmitter  21  and the receiver  22  may be integrated into one communications interface or may respectively be two independent communications interfaces. The processor  24  may be, for example, a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU for short), or may be a processing chip having a service configuration command generation function and other functions. 
     The embodiments in this specification are all described in a progressive manner, for same or similar parts in the embodiments, refer to these embodiments, and each embodiment focuses on a difference from other embodiments. Especially, an apparatus embodiment is basically similar to a method embodiment, and therefore is described briefly; for related parts, refer to partial descriptions in the method embodiment. The described apparatus embodiment is merely an example. The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments. A person of ordinary skill in the art may understand and implement the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts. 
     A person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that, in combination with the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in this specification, units and algorithm steps may be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are performed by hardware or software depends on particular applications and design constraint conditions of the technical solutions. A person skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but it should not be considered that the implementation goes beyond the scope of this application. 
     It may be clearly understood by a person skilled in the art that, for the purpose of convenient and brief description, for a detailed working process of the foregoing system, apparatus, and unit, refer to a corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and details are not described herein again. 
     In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatus embodiment is merely an example. For example, the unit division is merely logical function division and may be other division in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms. 
     The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments. 
     In addition, functional units in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. 
     When the functions are implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, the functions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of this application essentially, or the part contributing to the prior art, or some of the technical solutions may be implemented in a form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for instructing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to perform all or some of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of this application. The foregoing storage medium includes: any medium that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disc.