Patent Publication Number: US-6712512-B2

Title: Rolling guide device and drive system using rolling guide device

Description:
This is a Divisional of Ser No. 09/804,222 filed on Mar. 13, 2001 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,558,038. 
    
    
     The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C §119 to Japanese Patent Application No.2000-073932 filed Mar. 13, 2000 entitled “ROLLING GUIDE DEVICE ”, No.2000-367605 filed Dec. 1, 2000 entitled “ROLLING GUIDE DEVICE AND DRIVE SYSTEM USING ROLLING GUIDE DEVICE”, and No.2001-037486 filed Feb. 14, 2001 entitled “ROLLING GUIDE DEVICE AND DRIVE SYSTEM USING ROLLING GUIDE DEVICE”. The contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a rolling guide device in which a movable rail is made slidable with respect to a track rail and also relates to a drive system using such a rolling guide device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     As a rolling guide device in which a movable rail is made slidable with respect to a track rail, there has been known a slide rail such as shown in FIG. 25 (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. SHO 62-8765). Such slide rail comprises a track rail member  1  having an opened recess  1   a  (i.e. having substantially -shaped (box-shaped) cross section) formed by both inner side surfaces  1   b ,  1   b  and a bottom surface  1   c  and a movable rail member  2  which is supported between both the inner side surfaces  1   b ,  1   b  of the track rail member  1  to be movable in the longitudinal direction thereof. The movable rail member  2  also has an opened recess  2   a  (i.e. having substantially -shaped (box-shaped) cross section). 
     The track rail member  1  and the movable rail member  2  have substantially the same longitudinal length. The inner side surfaces  1   b  of the track rail member  1  are formed with ball rolling grooves, respectively, along which balls roll in the longitudinal direction thereof, and outer side surfaces  2   b  of the movable rail member  2  are also formed with loaded ball rolling grooves, respectively, so as to extend in the longitudinal direction thereof and to oppose the ball rolling grooves formed to the track rail member  1 . 
     A number of balls  3  are arranged and housed between these ball rolling grooves and loaded ball rolling grooves, and these balls  3  are held by a cage  4  to be rotatable and slidable. When the movable rail member  2  slides with respect to the track rail member  1  in the longitudinal direction thereof, these balls  3  roll and, hence, the slide rail becomes smoothly expandable or contractive. 
     Further, though not shown, there is also known a cam-follower type drawer device of a structure that is movable and track rails are both provided with wheels so that the movable rail is drawn with respect to the track rail, as a rolling guide device in which a movable rail is slidable with respect to a track rail. 
     However, in the conventional slide rail such as mentioned above, a number of balls  3  disposed and arranged between the track rail member  1  and the movable rail member  2  do not completely perform the rolling motion and will roll with a slight sliding motion. In the conventional slide rail, because the balls  3  do not circulate and only reciprocally move along the loaded rolling passage between the ball rolling grooves and the loaded ball rolling grooves, if the balls  3  slide, the cage  4  supporting (bearing) the balls  3  would be displaced from the initial position. As a result, in spite of the fact that an effective stroke of the movable rail member  2  is not achieved, the cage  4  collides with a stopper  5  of the track rail member  1  and, hence, such effective stroke could not be obtained. In this case, when it is required to slide the movable rail member  2  with the cage  4  colliding with the stopper  5 , the movable rail member  2  will slide with the balls  3  being slipped, and accordingly, a large force is required to move the movable rail member  2 . 
     Furthermore, in the conventional structure of the slide rail, in order to obtain a large stroke of the movable rail member  2 , it is necessary for the movable rail member  2  to once come off from a portion at which the balls  3  exist and then to be engaged with that portion at which the balls  3  exist. That is, in the case where the movable rail member  2  comes off from the portion at which the balls  3  exist, for example, the movable rail member  2  which has been loaded with ten (10) balls  3  is loaded with, for example, six (6) balls  3 , and hence the ability for bearing moment load, radial load and thrust load is deteriorated. 
     Moreover, with the cam-follower type drawer device, because the wheels generally have backlash or looseness, the movable rail member  2  does not smoothly slide, and furthermore, because the wheel has a cylindrical structure, a direction along which a load is received is determined, and hence, the thrust load cannot be received. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to substantially eliminate defects or drawbacks encountered in the prior art mentioned above and to provide a rolling guide device capable of taking a large expansion/contraction stroke and sufficiently bearing moment load, radial load and thrust load at any expanded (contracted) attitude and also provide a drive system incorporated with such a rolling guide device. 
     This and other objects can be achieved according to the present invention by providing, in one aspect, a rolling guide device comprising: 
     a track rail formed with a rolling member rolling surface extending along a longitudinal direction thereof; 
     a movable rail formed with a loaded rolling member rolling surface extending along a longitudinal direction thereof so as to oppose the rolling member rolling surface of the track rail; 
     a track rail side rolling member circulation passage formed to the track rail so as to circulate the rolling members rolling between the track rail and the movable rail; 
     a movable rail side rolling member circulation passage formed to the movable rail so as to circulate the rolling members rolling between the track rail and the movable rail; and a number of rolling members disposed and arranged in the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage. 
     According to this aspect, when the movable rail slides with respect to the track rail, the rolling members arranged between the track rail and the movable rail endlessly circulate in the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage while rolling therealong. As mentioned, because the rolling members circulate in the endless manner, even if the rolling member slides during the rolling motion, there is no causing of a case that a cage is shifted from the initial position as in the conventional structure, and hence, a large expansion (contraction) stroke is obtainable. Furthermore, in an optional expanded (contracted) attitude, there remains a considerable distance between the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage, so that a rolling guide device, which can bear even the moment load, can be realized. 
     Further, when the movable rail slides and its stroke is made large, the considerable distance corresponding to this stroke is made short and the capability of bearing the moment load is reduced. However, according to the present invention, the movable rail does not come off from the balls, so that the capability of bearing the moment load is not extremely reduced. Moreover, because the movable rail does not come off from the balls and the number of the rolling members supported at an optional expansion (contraction) attitude is not changed, in contrast to the conventional slide rail, there can be provided a rolling guide device bearing the constant radial load and thrust load. 
     In the above aspect, the following preferred embodiments or examples may be provided with advantageous functions and effects thereof. 
     The track rail side rolling member circulation passage is formed in one longitudinal end side of the track rail and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage is formed in one longitudinal end side, opposing that one end side of the track rail, of the movable rail. 
     Accordingly, the distance between the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage can be made large, so that a rolling guide device bearing the large moment load can be provided. 
     Furthermore, the track rail has an opened recess having a-shaped section and has inside surfaces to which the rolling member rolling surfaces are formed, the movable rail is fitted into the recess of the track rail, and the movable rail has outside surfaces to which the loaded rolling member rolling surfaces are formed so as to oppose the rolling member rolling surfaces formed to the track rail inside surfaces. 
     Thus, various kinds of loads including radial load, thrust load and moment load can be supported in a balanced condition. 
     The track rail side rolling member circulation passage is provided with a rolling member return passage substantially parallel to the rolling member rolling surface and a rolling direction changing passage communicating the rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage, the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage is provided with a rolling member return passage substantially parallel to the loaded rolling member rolling surface and a rolling direction changing passage communicating the rolling member rolling surface and the rolling member return passage, the rolling direction changing passages of the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage are formed to a deflector which is formed independently from a track rail body and a movable rail body, and the deflector is fitted to holes formed in the track rail body and movable rail body from the side portions thereof. 
     According to this embodiment, the rolling direction changing passages can be easily formed in the long track rail and movable rail. 
     The return passages are drilled in the track rail body and the movable rail body from the longitudinal end portions thereof. 
     According to this embodiment, the return passages can be easily formed in the long track rail and movable rail. 
     The deflector is composed of a plurality of sections splitting along the rolling direction changing passages. 
     Accordingly, the rolling direction changing passages having a complicated structure may be easily formed in the deflector. 
     The deflector is made of a synthetic resin. 
     Accordingly, the rolling direction changing passages having a complicated structure may be easily formed in the deflector, and moreover, noise which may be generated when the rolling members roll in the rolling direction changing passages will be suppressed. 
     The above mentioned object of the present invention can be also achieved by providing, in another aspect, a drive system comprising: 
     a track rail formed with a rolling member rolling surface extending along a longitudinal direction thereof; 
     a movable rail formed with a loaded rolling member rolling surface extending along a longitudinal direction thereof so as to oppose the rolling member rolling surface of the track rail; 
     a track rail side rolling member circulation passage formed on the track rail so as to circulate the rolling members rolling between the track rail and the movable rail; 
     a movable rail side rolling member circulation passage formed on the movable rail so as to circulate the rolling members rolling between the track rail and the movable rail; 
     a number of rolling members disposed and arranged in the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage; and 
     a linear motor means having a primary side mounted to either one of the track rail and the movable rail and a secondary side mounted to another one of the track rail and the movable rail. 
     According this aspect, the expansion (contraction) stroke can be made large and the moment load, the radial load and the thrust load can be sufficiently supported at an optional attitude of the system. Furthermore, because the linear motors are incorporated between the track rail and the movable rail, the use of the ball screw or like can be eliminated, thus moving the movable rail at high speed with less noise. Moreover, because it is not necessary to provide a space for a rotary motor, the drive system can be made thin and compact. 
     According to preferred embodiments or examples of this aspect, the following advantageous functions and effects may be attained. 
     The track rail side rolling member circulation passage is formed in one longitudinal end side of the track rail and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage is formed in one longitudinal end side, opposing that one end side of the track rail, of the movable rail, and the linear motor means comprises first and second linear motors, the first linear motor having a primary side mounted to a portion near the track rail side rolling member circulation passage of the track rail, the second linear motor having a secondary side mounted to the track rail along the longitudinal direction thereof so as to be continuous to the primary side of the first linear motor, and the second linear motor having a primary side mounted to a portion near the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage of the movable rail, the first linear motor having a secondary side mounted to the movable rail along the longitudinal direction thereof so as to be continuous to the primary side of the second linear motor. 
     According to this embodiment, because two sets of linear motors are incorporated in the drive system, the thrust force can be made two times (twice), and the excitation is averaged to thereby make smooth the movement of the movable rail. Furthermore, the first linear motor has a primary side mounted to a portion near the track rail side rolling member circulation passage of the track rail and the second linear motor has a primary side mounted to a portion near the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage of the movable rail, so that the thrust force can be generated at substantially the same positions of the movable side rolling member circulation passage and the track rail side rolling member circulation passage, regardless of the stroke of the movable rail. Therefore, even if a pitching or yawing moment is applied to the movable rail, the thrust force can be stably applied to the movable rail. 
     The first and second linear motors may be composed of linear induction motors or linear pulse motors such that the secondary sides thereof are opposed to each other. 
     For example, in a case where linear D.C. motors are used, two sets of linear motors are disposed in back-to-back arrangement and a distance between the secondary side magnets is short, an alternating magnetic field may be generated between the magnets. However, according to this embodiment of the present invention, because the linear induction motors or linear pulse motors are used without using the magnets, there is no fear of causing any alternating magnetic filed. However, a linear D.C. motor may be utilized as far as a relatively large distance between the secondary sides of the linear D.C. motors can be taken so as not to influence from each other. 
     The nature and further characteristic features of the present invention may be made clear from the following descriptions made with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the accompanying drawings: 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rolling guide device according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the rolling guide device of FIG. 1, partially cut away, in the longitudinal direction thereof; 
     FIG. 3 is a sectional view in a direction normal to the axis of the rolling guide device; 
     FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a ball screw to be incorporated in the rolling guide device of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing one example of a deflector to be assembled with the rolling guide device; 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of the deflector; 
     FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a drive system using the rolling guide device of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 8 is an illustration showing a state that a load is applied to a front end portion of the rolling guide device of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 9 is an illustration of a further embodiment of the rolling guide device and includes FIG. 9A showing a two-stage type rolling guide device and FIG. 9B showing a three-stage type rolling guide device; 
     FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a drive system, according to another embodiment of the present invention, incorporated with a liner motor; 
     FIG. 11 is a transverse sectional view of the drive system of FIG. 10, partially cut away, in the longitudinal direction thereof; 
     FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line XII—XII in FIG. 10; 
     FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line XIII—XIII in FIG. 10; 
     FIG. 14 is an illustration showing an example in which two set of linear motors are disposed in back-to-back arrangement; 
     FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a linear induction motor; 
     FIG. 16 is a vertical sectional view of a liner pulse motor in a longitudinal direction thereof; 
     FIGS. 17A to  17 D show operation principle of the liner pulse motor; 
     FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a linear D.C. motor; 
     FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a drive system according to a further embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 20 is a sectional view of a rolling guide device formed with lateral two rows of rolling member (ball) rolling grooves; 
     FIG. 21 is a view showing a contacting state of a ball to a ball rolling groove and a loaded ball rolling groove (circular-arc groove); 
     FIG. 22 is a view showing a contacting state of a ball to a ball rolling groove and a loaded ball rolling groove (Gothic-arch groove); 
     FIG. 23 is a sectional view of one example of a rolling guide device using rollers as rolling members; 
     FIG. 24 is a sectional view of another example of a rolling guide device using rollers as rolling members; and 
     FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing a slide rail having a conventional structure. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     FIGS. 1 to  3  represent a first embodiment of a rolling guide device according to the present invention. 
     With reference to FIGS. 1 to  3 , a rolling guide device comprises an outer rail  7  as a track rail, an inner rail  8 , as a movable rail, supported by the outer rail  7  to be slidable in the longitudinal direction thereof and a ball screw  9  driving the inner rail  8 . When a screw shaft  10  of the ball screw  9  is rotated, the inner rail  8  slides with respect to the outer rail  7 . Such rolling guide device will be utilized for a welding servo-gan, fork-lift or like usable in a stockroom, for example. In a case where the rolling guide device is utilized for the welding servo-gan, a welding rod is attached to the inner rail  8  and, then, the inner rail  8  is slid so as to press the welding rod against an object to be welded. On the other hand, in a case where the rolling guide device is utilized for the fork-lift, an inner rail  8  having a front fork member is slid and the fork-lift is then moved while supporting a cargo by the projected fork member. It is, of course, to be noted that the illustrated rolling guide device is not limited in its use to the welding servo-gan and the fork-lift and can be applied for various usages as far as expansion/contraction stroke is required and a load is supported. 
     The outer rail  7  has a recess  7   a  having an upper opening, in an illustrated state, so as to provide substantially a -shaped (box-shaped) section having an upper opening. That is, the recess  7   a  is defined by a bottom portion and a lateral pair of ridges  7   b ,  7   b  extending in parallel with each other at both longitudinal side portions of the bottom portion. Each of the ridges  7   b  has an inside surface  7   c  to which one row of ball rolling groove  11  is formed as a rolling member rolling surface extending in the longitudinal direction thereof. An outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  for circulating balls  13 , as rolling members, rolling between the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7  is formed in one longitudinal side end portion of the outer rail  7 . 
     The inner rail  8  is fitted to the recess  7   a  of the outer rail  7  and supported thereby through balls  12 ,  13  so as to be clamped between the ridges  7   b ,  7   b  of the outer rail  7 . The inner rail  8  has a recess  8   a  having a lower opening, in an installed state, so as to provide substantially a -shape section having a lower opening, thus easily forming a space into which the screw shaft  10  is moved. 
     In the fitted state of the inner and outer rails  8  and  7 , the inside surfaces  7   c ,  7   c  of the outer rail  7  face the outside surfaces  8   c ,  8   c  of the inner rail  8 , respectively, so that the ball rolling grooves  11  formed in the inside surfaces  7   c ,  7   c  of the outer rail  7  oppose the loaded ball rolling grooves  15  formed in the outside surfaces  8   c ,  8   c  of the inner rail  8 . Inner rail side ball circulation passages  16  are formed in one longitudinal end side of the inner rail  8  opposing to the outer rail side ball circulation passages  14  so as to circulate the balls  12  rolling between the outer and inner rails  7  and  8 . That is, in the structure in which the inner rail  8  projects from (extends over) the outer rail  7 , the outer rail side ball circulation passages  14  on the exit side end of the outer rail  7  and the inner rail side ball circulation passages  16  are formed in the rear side end of the inner rail  8 . This will be explained through manufacturing processes. The outer rail side ball circulation passages  14  are formed on one end side of the outer rail  7  and the inner rail side ball circulation passages  16  are formed on one end side of the inner rail  8 , and thereafter, the inner and outer rails  8  and  7  are assembled (fitted) from the direction in which both the circulation passages  14  and  16  do not interfere. 
     As shown in FIG. 2, each of the outer rail side ball circulation passages  14  is composed of a portion of the ball rolling groove  11 , a ball return passage A as a rolling member return passage substantially parallel to the ball rolling groove  11  and a pair of rolling member rolling direction changing passages B communicating with the ball rolling groove  11  and the ball return passage A. On the other hand, each of the inner rail side ball circulation passages  16  is also composed of a portion of the loaded ball rolling groove  15 , a ball return passage A as a rolling member return passage substantially parallel to the ball rolling groove  15  and a pair of rolling member rolling direction changing passages B communicating with the loaded ball rolling groove  15  and the ball return passage A. The ball return passage A is formed through a drilling working effected along the longitudinal direction from the end portions of an outer rail body  7   d  and an inner rail body  8   d . The rolling direction changing passages B formed in the outer and inner ball circulation passages  14  and  16  are formed in deflectors  19  formed independently from the inner and outer rail bodies  8   d  and  7   d . The details of such deflector  19  will be described hereinlater. 
     The ball screw  9  is engaged with the inner rail  8  so that the ball screw  9  is arranged in the recess  8   a  of the inner rail  8 . 
     With reference to FIG. 4 showing the ball screw  9 , the ball screw  9  comprises the screw shaft  10 , a nut member  22  assembled to the screw shaft  10  to be relatively movable and a number of balls  23  disposed in the ball circulation passage. The screw shaft  10  has an outer peripheral surface on which a spiral rolling member rolling groove  10   a  is formed, the nut member  22  has an inner peripheral surface to which is formed a ball circulation passage including a spiral loaded rolling member rolling groove  22   a  opposing to the ball rolling groove, and the number of balls  23  are arranged in the ball circulation passage so as to circulate therein in association with the relative movement of the nut member  22  with respect to the screw shaft  10 . The nut member  22  has a flanged portion  24  formed at its one end side and is secured to the inner rail  8  by means of screws or like. The nut member  22  is also provided with a deflector  25  (direction changing passage forming member) for taking out the ball  23  rolling along the ball rolling groove  10   a  formed to the screw shaft  10  at one portion thereof and returning the ball  23  to the other portion (one-lead on this side from the ball taken out portion) of the ball rolling groove  10   a  over an outer large diameter portion of the screw shaft  10 . The screw shaft  10  is operatively coupled with an output (drive) shaft of a motor, mentioned hereinafter. 
     When the screw shaft  10  is rotated, the ball  23  rolling in the circumferential direction of the screw shaft under load is scooped up by the deflector  25  and the scooped ball  23  is then returned to the position, one-lead on this side of the ball rolling groove  10   a . When the screw shaft  10  is rotated in the reverse direction, the balls  23  are circulated along the route reverse to that mentioned above. Further, in the described embodiment, although the balls  23  are scooped up by using the direction changing passage forming member (deflector)  25  and returned to the position, one-lead on this side of the ball rolling groove  10   a , a return pipe may be substituted for such deflector  25 . That is, according to the structure using the return pipe, the ball  23  rolling along the ball rolling groove  10   a  of the screw shaft  10  is scooped up by one end of the return pipe and is then returned through the other one end thereof. Furthermore, a so-called side-cover (lid) type ball screw may be adapted, in which the nut member  22  is composed of a nut body formed with a loaded rolling groove and side lids applied to both ends of this nut body, a ball return passage is formed to the nut body, and both the side lids are formed with communication passages communicated with the loaded rolling groove and the return passage, respectively. An arrangement utilizing rollers in place of balls may be also applicable to the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 shows the details of the deflector  19 , which is utilized commonly for the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14 . With reference to the deflector  19  of FIG. 5, the deflector  19  is formed with rolling direction changing passage  26  in a semi-circular shape, and the deflector is composed of two bodies  19   a  and  19   b  divided along the rolling direction changing passage  26  for the sake of easy formation of this passage  26 . That is, these two body sections  19   a  and  19   b  are divided vertically, as viewed through a plane including a central line of the rolling direction changing passage  26 . Both the body sections  19   a  and  19   b  are positioned through the engagement of dowels  27  and holes  28  formed to the body sections  19   a  and  19   b . The deflector  19  is further formed with a stepped abutment portion  29  for the purpose of positioning it on the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14 . The deflector  19  of the structure mentioned above will be formed from synthetic resin, for example, through an injection formation process. 
     FIG. 6 shows another example of the deflector  30 . This deflector  30  is also composed of two divided body sections  30   a  and  30   b  separated along the rolling direction changing passage  26  for the easy formation thereof as mentioned before. In this example, however, the rolling direction changing passage  26  is divided into two sections as inner peripheral side section and outer peripheral side section. This deflector  30  is also formed with a stepped abutment portion  31 . 
     With reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer rail body  7   d  is drilled from the side thereof to form holes  33  by means of end milling, for example, and the deflectors  19  are fitted to these holes  33 . The fitted deflectors  19  is secured to the outer rail body  7   d  by fastening means  32  such as binder members. The holes  33  are formed so as to penetrate the ball return passages A and extend ball rolling grooves  11  or ball rolling grooves  15  and formed inside with stepped portions  33   a  abutting against the abutment portions  29  of the deflectors  19 . When fitting the deflector  19 , the outer periphery of the deflector  19  is fitted to the hole  33  and the abutment portion  29  of the deflector  19  abuts against the stepped portion  33   a  of the hole  33 , thus positioning the deflector  19  with respect to the outer rail body  7   d  or inner rail body  8   d.    
     Through such positioning of the deflector  19 , the balls  12  and  13  can be surely scooped from the ball rolling groove  11  or loaded ball rolling groove  15  and then returned to the ball return passage A. 
     On the other hand, other holes  33  are formed to the inner rail body  8   d  from the side thereof by means of end mill, for example, and the deflectors  19  are fitted to these holes  33 . Furthermore, in the described embodiment, although the holes  33  are formed to the outer rail body  7   d  from the outside thereof and formed to the inner rail body  8   d  from the inside thereof, the holes  33  may be formed to the outer rail body  7   d  from the inside thereof and formed to the inner rail body  8   d  from the outside thereof. 
     FIG. 7 shows one preferred example of a drive system according to the present invention, which uses the rolling guide device mentioned above and is assembled with a rotation motor. 
     The screw shaft  10  is screwed with the nut member  22  and has one end rotatably supported by a bearing  35  disposed at one end portion of the outer rail  7  and coupled to a motor, not shown, through a joint member  36 . According to this structure, when the motor is driven, the screw shaft  10  is rotated and the rotational motion thereof is transferred to the inner rail  8  through the ball screw to thereby linearly move the inner rail  8  along the outer rail  7 . According to this linear motion of the inner rail  8  along the outer rail  7 , the rolling guide device is expanded or contracted, and the balls  12  and  13  circulate in an endless manner in the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  while rolling therealong. Because the balls  12  and  13  endlessly circulate, even if the balls  12  and  13  slide during the rolling motion, there is no fear of being shifted from the original position as in a conventional slide rail, and a rolling guide device having a large expansion stroke can be realized, in which the inner rail  8  can be smoothly moved. 
     FIG. 8 is an illustration showing a state that a load P is applied to the front end of the inner rail  8  of the rolling guide device. In an optional expanded or contracted state, because a considerable distance  1  exists between the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16 , there can be provided a rolling guide device bearing the moment load. For example, when the load P is applied to the front end portion of the inner rail  8 , a reaction force Ro acts on the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and a reaction force Ri acts on the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16 , thus bearing the moment load of(Ri×1). When the inner rail  8  slides and the stroke of the rolling guide device is made large, the above-mentioned distance  1  is gradually reduced and an ability for loading this moment load is also reduced. However, even if the inner rail  8  slides, the inner rail  8  never comers off as in the conventional slide rail from the balls, so that the moment load bearing ability cannot be reduced significantly. Furthermore, the movable rail does not come off from the ball as in the conventional slide rail and the number of balls born in the optional expanded or contracted attitude does not change, so that a rolling guide device capable of bearing constant radial load and thrust load can be realized. 
     Furthermore, as mentioned above, the outer rail  7  has a recess  7   a  having an upper opened portion has a box-shaped section and the ball rolling grooves  11  are formed in the inside surfaces  7   c , respectively. The inner rail  8  is fitted into the recess  7   a  of the outer rail  7  and the loaded ball rolling grooves  15  are formed in the outside surfaces  8   c  of the inner rail  8  so as to oppose the inside surfaces  7   c  of the outer rail  7 . Accordingly, there is provided the rolling guide device capable of bearing the radial load, the thrust load and the moment load in a balanced condition. 
     FIG. 9 includes perspective views of the rolling guide device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9A, the device is provided with inner and outer rails  8  and  7 , constituting a single-stroke structure in which only the inner rail  8  slides. Further, as shown in FIG. 9B, the rolling guide device may be composed of three rail sections comprising the outer rail  7 , a first inner rail  41  fitted to the outer rail  7  and a second inner rail  42  fitted to the first inner rail  41 . In this structure, the first inner rail  41  slides with respect to the outer rail  8  and the second inner rail  42  slides with respect to the first inner rail  41 . That is, the first inner rail  41  acts like the inner rail  8  of the aforementioned embodiment with respect to the outer rail  7  and also acts like the outer rail  7  of the aforementioned embodiment with respect to the second inner rail  42 . The second inner rail  42  has a structure identical to that of the inner rail  8 . According to this rolling guide device of the embodiment of FIG. 9B, since the first inner rail  41  slides with double strokes, the expansion stroke can be made longer. As mentioned above, when the rolling guide device is composed of a plurality of members (rail members), the expansion stroke composed of a plurality of expansion stages can be realized, thus providing a rolling guide device having a large stroke. 
     In the embodiment described above, although the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  are formed in the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7 , respectively, these passages may be formed as block members independently from the inner and outer rails  8  and  7 . Furthermore, although the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7  are formed as linear (straight) rail members, a curved rail member may be utilized therefor. The balls may be also substituted with other rolling members such as rollers. Retainers each having a belt shape having flexibility may be arranged for supporting the balls  12  and  13  to be rotatable, and spacers may be also arranged between the balls  12  and  13  for supporting them to be rotatable and slidable. 
     FIGS. 10 and 11 represent a drive system, using a linear motor as drive source, according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     This drive system comprises an outer rail  7  as a track rail, an inner rail  8  as a movable rail supported by the outer rail  8  to be linearly slidable along the longitudinal direction thereof and first and second linear motors  51  and  52  disposed between the inner and outer rails  8  and  7  to be back-to-back arrangement. The outer rail  7  is provided with a primary side movable piece (called merely movable piece i hereinlater) of the first linear motor  51  and a secondary side stationary piece (called merely stationary piece O′ hereinlater) of the second linear motor  52 . On the other hand, the inner rail  8  is provided with a secondary side movable piece (called merely movable piece i′ hereinlater) of the second linear motor  52  and a primary side stationary piece (called merely stationary piece O hereinlater) of the first linear motor  51 . According to this structure, when energized, suction (attracting) forces are induced between the movable piece i and the stationary piece O and between the movable piece i′ and the stationary piece O′. 
     Like the rolling guide device mentioned above, the outer rail  7  is formed with a recess  7   a  having a box-shaped section with an upper opening and also formed with a lateral pair of ridges  7   b ,  7   b  extending on both the sides of the recess  7   a  in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7 . Each of the ridges  7   b ,  7   b  has an inside surfaces  7   c , to which a single row of ball rolling grooves  11  as a rolling member rolling surface is formed so as to extend along the longitudinal direction thereof as shown in FIG.  11 . An outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  for circulating the balls  13  rolling between the inner and outer rails  8  and  7  is formed in one (front) end side portion of the outer rail  7 . 
     The inner rail  8  is fitted to the recess  7   a  of the outer rail  7  and supported thereby so as to be clamped between the ridges  7   b  of the outer rail  7  through the balls  12  and  13 . The inner rail  8  is also formed with a recess  8   a  having an opening opened downward so as to provide a box-shaped section. The inner rail  7  has outside surfaces  8   c  to which loaded ball rolling grooves  15  are formed as loaded rolling member rolling surfaces which face the ball rolling grooves  11  of the outer rail  7 . An inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  for circulating the balls  12  rolling between the inner and outer rails  8  and  7  is formed in one (rear) end side portion of the outer rail  7  in the longitudinal direction thereof. 
     As shown in FIG. 11, the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  is composed of a portion of the ball rolling groove  11 , a ball return passage A as a rolling member return passage extending substantially in parallel with the ball rolling groove  11  and a pair of rolling direction changing passages B communicated with the ball rolling groove  11  and the ball return passage A. On the other hand, the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  is also composed of a portion of the loaded ball rolling groove  15 , a ball return passage A as a rolling member return passage extending substantially in parallel with the loaded ball rolling groove  15  and a pair of rolling direction changing passages B communicated with the loaded ball rolling groove  15  and the ball return passage A. The ball return passages A are formed through drilling work effected from the end portions of the outer rail body  7   d  and the inner rail body  8   d  in their longitudinal directions. The rolling direction changing passages B of the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  are formed in a deflector  19  which is mounted to the inner rail body  8   d  and the outer rail body  7   d  as an independent member. 
     Holes  33  are formed to the outer rail body  7   d  by means of end milling, for example, from the longitudinal sides thereof, and the deflector  19  is fitted to these holes  33  and then fastened to the outer rail body  7   d . Holes  33  are also formed to the inner rail body  8   d  by means of end mill, for example, from the longitudinal sides thereof, and the deflector  19  is fitted to these holes  33  and then fastened to the inner rail body  8   d . Because these deflectors have substantially the same structures as that mentioned herein before with reference to the rolling guide device, the details thereof are omitted herein by adding the same reference numeral of  19 . 
     Two linear motors  51  and  52  are interposed between the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7 , and the linear motors  51  and  52  in this embodiment are linear induction motors and composed of the movable pieces i and i′ and the stationary pieces O and O′, the induction motors being driven and operated by passing polyphase alternating current to primary windings of the movable pieces i and i′. 
     With reference to FIG. 10, the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  is mounted to a portion near one end (front end) in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the outer rail  7 , and the stationary piece O′ of the second linear motor  52  is also mounted to the upper surface of the outer rail  7  so as to be continuous to the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  in the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7 . On the other hand, the movable piece i′ of the second linear motor  52  is mounted to a portion near one end (rear end) in the longitudinal direction of the lower surface of the inner rail  8 , and the stationary piece O of the first linear motor  51  is also mounted to the lower surface of the inner rail  8  so as to be continuous to the movable piece i′ of the second linear motor  52  in the longitudinal direction of the inner rail  8 . In such arrangement, the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  have substantially the same positions in the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7 , and on the other hand, the movable piece i′ of the second linear motor  52  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  have substantially the same positions in the longitudinal direction of the inner rail  8 . Further, it is to be noted that the terms “upper”, “lower” and the like are used herein in the illustrated state in the figures or usable state of the device or system. 
     As shown in FIG. 12, the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  is opposed to the stationary piece O of the first linear motor  51 , and as shown in FIG. 13, the movable piece i′ of the second linear motor  52  is opposed to the stationary piece O′ of the second linear motor  52  so that the first and second linear motors  51  and  52  are disposed in the back-to-back arrangement as shown in FIG.  14 . 
     FIG. 15 shows a linear induction motor  53  constituting one example of the first and second linear motors  51  and  52 . The linear induction motor  53  is provided with the movable piece i and the stationary piece O which is composed of a non-magnetic conductor plate  54  and a magnetic conductor plate  55  by laminating them vertically as viewed. This linear induction motor  53  is driven in a manner basically identical to that of a cage (rotary type) induction motor having an operational function explained by the Lenz&#39;s law and the Fleming&#39;s left-hand rule. 
     When the polyphase alternating current passes the polyphase primary winding  56 , a traveling (progressive) magnetic field moving timely and spacially is generated, and this traveling field induces an eddy current on the non-magnetic conductor plate  54  constituting the secondary side element. The thus generated eddy current constitutes a thrust generation source in cooperation with the traveling field. Further, in the illustrated example of FIG. 15, the movable piece i is disposed only on the upper portion of the stationary piece O, but the movable pieces i may be disposed on both the upper and lower portions thereof. 
     FIG. 16 shows a linear pulse motor  57  as another example of the linear motor  51  ( 52 ). 
     With reference to FIG. 16, the movable piece i is, for example, composed of a central permanent magnet  58  and two magnetic core members  59  and  60  opposed to each other with the permanent magnet  58  being interposed therebetween. One  59  of the magnetic cores is formed with first and second magnetic poles  61  and  62  magnetized in N-pole by the permanent magnet  58  and, on the contrary, the other one  60  of the magnetic cores is formed with third and fourth magnetic poles  63  and  64  magnetized in S-pole by the permanent magnet  58 . 
     On the other hand, the stationary piece O is formed with stationary teeth  65 , each having, a -shaped section, extending in a direction normal to the longitudinal direction of the stationary piece O equally with the same pitch. The magnetic poles  61  to  64  are formed with magnetic pole teeth  61   a  to  64   a , respectively, each having the same pitch as that of the stationary piece O. 
     A first coil  66  and a second coil  67  are wound up around the first magnetic pole  61  and the second magnetic pole  62  of the N-pole side and connected in series to each other so as to generate magnetic fluxes opposed to each other in directions at a time when current flows. The first coil  66  and the second coil  67  are electrically connected to a pulse generation source, not shown. 
     On the other hand, a third coil  68  and a fourth coil  69  are also wound up around the third magnetic pole  63  and the fourth magnetic pole  64  of the S-pole side and connected to a pulse generation source. 
     In the described arrangement, the first and second magnetic poles  61  and  62  are arranged so that the magnetic pole teeth  61   a  and  62   a  thereof are shifted from each other by ½ pitch in their phases, and the third and fourth magnetic poles  63  and  64  are also arranged so that the magnetic pole teeth  63   a  and  64   a  thereof are shifted from each other by ½ pitch in their phases. Furthermore, the magnetic pole teeth  63   a  and  64   a  of the third and fourth magnetic poles  63  and  64  of the S-pole side are shifted, by ¼ pitch in phases, from the first and second magnetic pole teeth  61   a  and  62   a  of the first and second magnetic poles  61  and  62  of the N-pole side. 
     The linear pulse motor is driven by the following operation theory with reference to FIGS. 17A to  17 D. 
     Pulses are inputted to the first and second coils  66  and  67  from terminals  a , and pulses are also inputted to the third and fourth coils  68  and  69  from terminals  b . That is, the pulses are inputted to the terminal  a  in a direction to energize the first magnetic pole  61  in the state shown in FIG. 17A, to the terminal  b  in a direction to energize the fourth magnetic pole  64  in the state shown in FIG. 17B, to the terminal  a  in a direction to energize the second magnetic pole  62  in the state shown in FIG. 17C, and to the terminal  b  in a direction to energize the third magnetic pole  63  in the state shown in FIG. 17D, respectively. 
     When the pulse is inputted to the terminal  a  in a direction to energize the first magnetic pole  61  in the state shown in FIG. 17A, the first magnetic pole  61  maintains its stable state under the application of the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet  58  and the first coil  66 . Next, in the state shown in FIG. 17B, when the pulse is inputted to the terminal b in a direction to energize the fourth magnetic pole  64 , the fourth magnetic pole  64  is moved to a direction so as to maintain its stable state, that is, in the right direction facing the drawing paper by ¼ pitch. As mentioned above, the movable piece is operated continuously as shown in FIGS. 17C and 17D by passing alternately the pulse current. 
     FIG. 18 represents a linear D.C. motor  70  as another example of the linear motor. 
     With reference to FIG. 18, a movable piece of this example is composed of exciting coils  71  and yokes, and a stationary piece O is composed of magnets  72  and yokes. A plurality of exciting coils  71  constituting the movable piece i are arranged along the longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality of magnets  72  constituting the stationary piece O are arranged along the longitudinal direction so as to provide alternately N- and S-poles. 
     The position of the movable piece i is detected by a sensor, and the direction of the current passing the exciting coil  71  at the detected position is changed sequentially reversely. The exciting coil  71  generates a thrust force in accordance with the Fleming&#39;s left-hand rule through the relative reaction between the exciting coils  71  and the magnets  72 . 
     In the case where such a linear D.C. motor is utilized, two sets of linear motors  51  and  52  are disposed in back-to-back arrangement, and in an arrangement where a distance between the adjacent secondary side magnets  72 ,  72  is short, there is a fear that an alternating magnetic field is caused between the magnets  72  and  72 , which may cause a defective operation. Accordingly, in the case where two sets of the linear motors  51  and  52  are used in the back-to-back arrangement, the linear induction motor  53  and the linear pulse motor  57 , which do not utilize the secondary side magnets  72 , could be effectively utilized. However, in an arrangement in which a relatively large distance could be maintained on the secondary side, no adverse effect is not caused between the magnets  72  and  72 , so that the linear D.C. motor  70  may be utilized. 
     The drive system incorporated with the linear motors  51  and  52  of the structures mentioned above will operate in the following manner. 
     When the current is applied to the movable pieces i and i′ of the first and second linear motors  51  and  52 , suction (attracting) force acts between the movable pieces i and i′ and the stationary pieces O and O′ to thereby move the inner rail  8  with respect to the outer rail  7  by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction thereof. In this case, the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  moves forward with respect to the stationary piece O. However, with the second linear motor  52 , a current is applied to the movable piece i′ in a backward movement direction with respect to the stationary piece O′ because of the movement of the stationary piece O′, and as a reaction motion thereto, the stationary piece O′ is moved forward. Hence, the inner rail  8  slides with respect to the outer rail  7 , and therefore, the entire structure of the drive system is expanded and contracted. 
     In the structure utilizing the linear motors  51  and  52  as a driving source, it is not necessary to utilize a ball screw or like, and hence, the inner rail can be moved at high speed with less noise. Furthermore, there is no need for locating a space for a rotary motor or like, thus making the drive system thin and compact in its structure. Still furthermore, because the two sets of linear motors  51  and  52  are arranged between the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7 , two times of the thrust force is obtainable and the excitation of the linear motors  51  and  52  is averaged, thus making smooth the movement of the inner rail  7 . 
     Still furthermore, the movable piece i of the first linear motor  51  is mounted to a portion near the outer rail side rolling member circulation passage  14  and the movable piece i′ of the second linear motor  52  is mounted to a portion near the inner rail side rolling member circulation passage  16 , the points on which the thrust force is applied are always positioned at portions near the outer rail side rolling member circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side rolling member circulation passage  16 , irrespective of the stroke of the inner rail  8 . The inner rail  8  is supported by the outer rail  7  at the positions of the inner rail side rolling member circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side rolling member circulation passage  14 . Accordingly, even if a moment causing pitching or yawing acts on the inner rail  8 , the thrust force can be stably generated for the inner rail  8 . 
     FIG. 19 represents a drive system according to a further embodiment of the present invention. The drive system of this embodiment is incorporated with two sets of rod-type linear motors as first and second linear motors  51  and  52 . This drive system is also composed of, like the drive system mentioned hereinbefore, an outer rail  7 , an inner rail  8  supported by the outer rail  7  to be slidable in the longitudinal direction thereof and first and second linear motors  51  and  52  disposed between the outer rail  7  and the inner rail  8  both having box-shaped sections so that the inner rail  8  is fitted into the outer rail  8 . First and second rod-type linear motors are composed of rods O and O′ as stationary pieces and cylindrical coils i and i′ as movable pieces. 
     The cylindrical coil i of the first rod-type linear motor  51  is mounted to the front end portion of the outer rail  7  and, to this front end portion, is also mounted an outer rail side bearer  75  supporting the rod O′ of the second rod-type linear motor to be slidable in an axial direction thereof. On the other hand, the cylindrical coil i of the second rod-type linear motor  52  is mounted to the rear end portion of the inner rail  8  and, to this rear end portion, is also mounted an inner rail side bearer  76  supporting the rod O of the first rod-type linear motor to be slidable in an axial direction thereof. The operation theory due to this arrangement is substantially the same as that of the drive system of the embodiment mentioned hereinbefore, and by operating the first and second rod-type linear motors  51  and  52 , the distance between the outer rail side bearer  75  and the inner rail side bearer  76  are expanded or contracted, thus the inner rail  8  being slid with respect to the outer rail  7 . As mentioned above, the rod-type linear motors are also usable as linear motors for the drive system of the present invention. 
     Description will be come back to the rolling guide device hereunder. 
     FIG. 20 is a partial sectional view of a drive system using a rolling guide device of a further embodiment of the present invention. The rolling guide device of this embodiment comprises, like the rolling guide device shown in FIGS. 1 to  3 , an outer rail  7  as track rail and an inner rail  8  as movable rail supported to be slidable in the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7 , and hence, like reference numerals are added to elements or members corresponding to those shown in FIGS. 1 to  3 . The embodiment of FIG. 20 is provided with a ball screw  9  for driving the inner rail  8 . 
     In the rolling guide device of the aforementioned embodiment, although the outer rail  7  and the inner rail  8  are formed with a single ball rolling groove in each side portion thereof, in the rolling guide device of this embodiment, the outer rail  7  and the inner rail  8  are formed with two ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  (a total of four grooves) in each side portion thereof as shown in FIG. 20 in section. That is, in the rolling guide device of this embodiment, upper and lower two ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  are formed respectively to each of the inside surfaces of the opposing ridges  7   b ,  7   b  of the outer rail  7 , i.e., four ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  for the outer rail  7 . On the other hand, upper and lower two loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15  are formed, respectively, in each of the outside surfaces of the opposing ridges  8   b ,  8   b  of the inner rail  8 , i.e., four loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15  for the inner rail  8  so as to oppose the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  of the outer rail  7 , respectively. 
     An outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  for circulating the balls rolling between the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7  is provided to one end side in the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7  as like as that of the rolling guide device mentioned hereinbefore. This outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  is composed of upper and lower two passages, and more concretely, is composed of portions of the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11 , ball return passages A, A as rolling member return passages substantially parallel to the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and a pair of rolling direction changing passages communicated with the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and the ball return passages A, A. 
     An inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  for circulating the balls rolling between the inner rail  8  and the outer rail  7  is provided to one end side in the longitudinal direction of the outer rail  7  on the side opposing to the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14 . This inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  is composed of upper and lower two passages, and more concretely, is composed of portions of the loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15 , ball return passages A, A as rolling member return passages substantially parallel to the loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15  and a pair of rolling direction changing passages communicated with the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and the ball return passages A, A. 
     In the illustration of FIG. 20, although it seems that the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  are positioned on the same sectional surface, in an actual arrangement, the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  are shifted in their positions as shown in FIG.  1 . 
     The rolling direction changing passages, each having a semi-circular shape, constituting portions of the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  are formed in deflectors  79  mounted, as independent members, to the inner rail body  8   d  and the outer rail body  7   d . The deflector  79  is utilized commonly for the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14  and the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and is provided with two vertical rolling direction changing passages. The deflector  79  is composed of three sections  79   a ,  79   b  and  79   c  which are splittable vertically along the rolling direction changing passage for easy formation of the vertical two tolling direction changing passages. These three splittable sections  79   a ,  79   b  and  79   c  are divided vertically at planes including central lines of the rolling direction changing passages. These three sections  79   a ,  79   b  and  79   c  are positioned and assembled with each other through fitting of dowels and holes formed to the respective sections. Furthermore, the deflector  79  is formed with a stepped abutment portion  29  to position the deflector  79  at the time when it is mounted to the inner rail side ball circulation passage  16  and the outer rail side ball circulation passage  14 . Holes  33  are formed to the outer rail body  7   d  and the inner rail body  8   d  from the sides thereof, and stepped portions  33   a  are formed to inside surfaces of these holes  33 . Accordingly, the deflector  79  is positioned with respect to the outer rail body  7   d  and the inner rail body  8   d  through the abutment of the stepped abutment portion  29  against the stepped portions  33   a  formed in the holes  33 , i.e., outer rail body  7   d  and the inner rail body  8   d.    
     The ball screw  9  is screw-engaged with the inner rail  8 . This ball screw  9  is composed of a screw shaft  10  having an outer periphery on which a spiral ball rolling groove is formed, a nut (member)  22  having an inner periphery to which a ball circulation passage including a spiral loaded ball rolling groove corresponding to the ball rolling groove formed to the screw shaft  10  and assembled with the screw shaft  10  to be relatively movable thereto, and a number of balls arranged in the ball circulation passage and circulating in accordance with the relative movement of the nut member  22  with respect to the screw shaft  10 . 
     FIG. 21 illustrates a contacting state of the ball rolling groove  11 , the loaded ball rolling groove  15  and the ball  12  or  13 . The ball rolling groove  11  is formed as a single circular groove, so-called, circular arc groove, having a diameter slightly larger than a diameter of the ball so that the ball  12  ( 13 ) contacts the ball rolling groove  11  at one point P 1 . On the other hand, the loaded ball rolling groove  15  is formed as a single circular groove, so-called, circular arc groove, having a diameter slightly larger than a diameter of the ball so that the ball  12  ( 13 ) contacts the loaded ball rolling groove  15  at one point P 2 . Further, it is to be noted that a line L connecting the contact point P 1  at which the ball  12  ( 13 ) and the ball rolling groove  11  are contacted and the contact point P 2  at which the ball  12  ( 13 ) and the loaded ball rolling groove  11  are contacted is defined herein as contact angle line L. In this meaning, the contact angle lines L 1 , L 2 , L 3  and L 4  will be defined as shown in FIG.  20 . 
     That is, with reference to FIG. 20, the mutually opposing two ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and the two loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15  are offset from each other so that the vertical two lines L 1  and L 2  are inclined towards the horizontal line H passing the center of the screw shaft  10  while reducing a distance therebetween. 
     Further, it is desired that a contact angle constituted by the contact angle line L 1  (L 2 ) and the horizontal line H is approximately 45o. The center of the screw shaft  10  is positioned on the line passing the intermediate portion between the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and on the central line of a span of the loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15 . Furthermore, it is desired that the center of the screw shaft  10  (center of the thrust force of the ball screw  9 ) is also positioned on a line connecting a point P 3  of the left side contact angle lines L 1  and L 2  and a point P 4  of the right side contact angle lines L 1  and L 2 . 
     The moment load as shown in FIG. 8 will be easily loaded on the rolling guide device of the present invention, and accordingly, the vertical load will be also easily born by the balls  12  and  13 . However, the contact angle lines L 1  and L 2  between the balls  12 ,  13  and the ball rolling grooves  11 ,  11  and between the balls  12 ,  13  and the loaded ball rolling grooves  15 ,  15  are inclined with respect to the horizontal line H, thus the vertical load acting on the inner rail  7  being effectively born by the balls  12 ,  13 . For this reason, the moment load as shown in FIG. 8 can be surely loaded. Particularly, by setting the inclination angle to 45o, loads acting on the inner rail  7  from vertical and lateral four directions can be effectively supported by the balls  12  or  13 . Furthermore, the ball screw  9  may be smoothly operated by positioning the center of the thrust force of the ball screw  9  on the line connecting the crossing point P 3  of the left side contact angle lines L 1  and L 2  and the crossing point P 4  on the right side contact angle lines L 1  and L 2 . 
     FIG. 22 illustrates a contacting state of a ball rolling groove  11   b , a loaded ball rolling groove  15   b  and the ball  12  ( 13 ) in a rolling guide device in which one ball rolling groove  11   b  and one loaded ball rolling groove  15   b  are formed laterally as like as the rolling guide device shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. The ball rolling groove  11   b  and the loaded ball rolling groove  15   b  are each formed as a Gothic arch groove. That is, by forming so-called Gothic arch groove in combination of the ball rolling groove  11   b  and the loaded ball rolling groove  15   b  into two circular arcs, two contact angle lines L 3  and L 4  inclined from the horizontal line H can be obtained to thereby effectively support the vertical load by the ball  12 ,  13 . 
     FIG. 23 is an illustration of one embodiment, partially in section, of an essential portion of a drive system utilizing a rolling guide device using rollers  80  as rolling members. In this embodiment, the rollers  80  are utilized in place of the balls  12 ,  13  in the former embodiments. In this embodiment of FIG. 23, the outer rail  7  is provided with ridges  7   b ,  7   b  as mentioned before having opposing inside surfaces  7   c ,  7   c  to which roller rolling grooves  81 , each having a V-shaped section with opening angle of 90°, are formed, respectively. On the other hand, the inner rail  8  has the opposing outside surfaces  8   c ,  8   c  to which loaded roller rolling grooves  82 , each having a V-shaped section with opening angle of 90°, are formed, respectively. Therefore, a roller rolling passage having substantially a square cross section is defined between the roller rolling groove  81  and the loaded roller rolling groove  82 . Within this roller rolling passage, a plurality of rollers  80 ,  80 , —are arranged in shape of cross (cross arrangement) so that axes of the adjacent two rollers  80  cross each other. 
     The structure of this embodiment other than the above mentioned structure is substantially the same as that of the rolling guide device mentioned with reference to FIGS. 1 to  3 , so that the description thereof is omitted herein by adding the same reference numerals to the corresponding portions or elements. 
     According to this embodiment, in which the rollers  80 ,  80 , —are arranged in crossing shape, the rollers  80  can effectively support the vertical load. 
     FIG. 24 is an illustration of another embodiment, partially in section, of an essential portion of a drive system utilizing a rolling guide device using rollers  83 ,  84  as rolling members. In this embodiment, the outer rail  7  is provided with ridges  7   b ,  7   b  having opposing inside surfaces  7   c ,  7   c  each which vertical two roller rolling grooves  81 ,  81  each having a V-shaped section with opening angle of 90°, are formed, respectively. On the other hand, the inner rail  8  has the opposing outside surfaces  8   c ,  8   c  each which two loaded roller rolling grooves  82 ,  82  each having a V-shaped section with opening angle of 90°, are formed, respectively. Therefore, vertical two roller rolling passages each having substantially square cross section are defined between the roller rolling grooves  81 ,  81  and the loaded roller rolling grooves  82 ,  82 . Within these roller rolling passages, a plurality of rollers  83 ,  84  are arranged in parallel to each other (parallel arrangement) so that axes of the adjacent two rollers are parallel to each other. 
     The rollers  83  disposed in the upper side roller rolling passage are arranged so as to support the load acting in the direction shown by the line L 5  (different from the horizontal line H), and on the other hand, the rollers  84  disposed in the lower side roller rolling passage are arranged so as to support the load acting in the direction shown by the line L 6  (different from the horizontal line H). Angles constituted by the line L 5  and the horizontal line H and by the line L 6  and the horizontal line H are defined approximately 45o, respectively. The structure of this embodiment of FIG. 24 other than the above-mentioned structure is substantially the same as that of the rolling guide device mentioned with reference to FIG. 20 so that the description thereof is omitted herein by adding the same reference numerals to the corresponding portions or elements. 
     According to this embodiment of FIG. 24, in which the rollers  83  and  84  are arranged in the vertical two roller rolling passages and the directions along which the rollers  83  and  84  can bear the loads are inclined with respect to the horizontal line H, so that the rollers  83  and  84  can effectively support the vertical loads. 
     According to the various preferred embodiments or examples of the present invention mentioned above, the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage, in which the rolling members rolling between the track rail and the movable rail circulate, are formed in the track rail and the movable rail, respectively. Therefore, when the movable rail slides with respect to the track rail, the rolling members arranged between the track rail and the movable rail endlessly circulate in the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage while rolling therealong. As mentioned, because the rolling members circulate in the endless manner, even if the rolling member slides during the rolling motion, there is no causing of a case that a cage is shifted from the initial position as in the conventional structure, and hence, a large expansion (contraction) stroke can be realized. Furthermore, in an optional expanded (contracted) attitude, there remains a relatively large distance between the track rail side rolling member circulation passage and the movable rail side rolling member circulation passage, so that a rolling guide device, which can bear even the moment load, can be realized. 
     Furthermore, according to the present invention, because the linear motor means is incorporated between the track rail and the movable rail, no specific ball screw or like mechanism is needed, so that the movable rail can be moved at high speed with reduced noise. 
     It is further to be noted that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments and many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scopes of the appended claims.