Patent Publication Number: US-2021172875-A1

Title: Successive optical analysis system and successive optical analysis method

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0161154 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Dec. 6, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a successive optical analysis system and method, and more particularly, to a successive optical analysis system and method for biologically or chemically analyzing genes and the like. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     With recent advances in scientific technology, personalized medical technology is developing that tests the expression level of a patient&#39;s gene or protein or mutation of a gene, and selects a treatment method for the patient based on the test. 
     Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) creates a new turning point in the gene analysis. The NGS is the method of quickly deciphering vast genome information by breaking down one genome into countless DNA fragments, reading the nucleotide sequence of each fragment at the same time, and then combining the DNA fragments by using computer technology. 
     An example of NGS is as follows. First, a DNA is cut into DNA fragments, and then adaptors are attached to both ends of the DNA fragment to prepare a library. The prepared DNA library is dispensed into wells of a flow cell to which complementary oligos to the adapters are attached, and the adapters linked with the DNA fragments are bound to the oligos and the DNA fragments are amplified on the flow cell. During this process, the two adapters linked to a DNA fragment attached to the two oligos on the surface of the flow cell to form a bridge, and then those DNA bridges are amplified to generate DNA clusters. Then, the base sequence is decoded by using the sequencing by synthesis that measures fluorescence that appears when a base is intervened during DNA synthesis. The base sequence deciphering is performed in the unit of a cluster. When a reaction in which a complementary base binds to the base of the DNA fragment occurs, fluorescent light of the base is emitted. Different colors of fluorescent light may be emitted for each base A, G, C, and T, and the base sequence is decoded by analyzing the image according to each reaction to determine the sequence of the bases. 
     However, the related NGS system is configured to simultaneously acquire a signal by the plurality of bases, so that there is a problem in that a disposition of a light source emitting excite light, an optical filter and an image sensor for separating a signal by each base, and an optical element for transmitting an optical signal is complex. Further, in acquiring an optical signal from a specific base, an optical path is formed long, so that there is a problem in that detection accuracy deteriorates. Further, the improvement of a sequencing speed is an issue that needs to be continuously improved in the NGS. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention has been made in an effort to provide a successive optical analysis system which improves detection accuracy by simplifying a configuration for detecting an optical signal and decreasing noise. 
     The present invention has also been made in an effort to provide a successive optical analysis system which is capable of simultaneously analyzing a plurality of flow cells by successively disposing a plurality of optical analyzing units, thereby improving an analysis speed (throughput). 
     An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a successive optical analysis system for optically analyzing a flow cell, including: at least one stage on which the flow cell is loaded; at least two optical analyzing units configured to optically analyze the flow cell loaded on the stage; and a conveying unit configured to convey at least one of the stage and the optical analyzing unit and align positions of the stage and the optical analyzing unit. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the stage may include a first stage and a second stage, and the second stage may be positioned in a second optical analyzing unit of the optical analyzing unit and perform a second optical analysis while the first stage is positioned in a first optical analyzing unit of the optical analyzing unit and performs a first optical analysis. 
     The conveying unit may include a first conveying unit which conveys the stage to the optical analyzing unit by rotating the stage. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the stage may be minutely position-movable by moving in at least one straight direction or rotating by a linear motor method or a piezo method. 
     At least one of the stage and the optical analyzing unit may move in a vertical direction to adjust a gap between the flow cell loaded to the stage and the optical analyzing unit. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the conveying unit may include a second conveying unit which conveys the optical analyzing unit to the stage side by rotating the optical analyzing unit. 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the conveying unit may include a convey track, and a moving conveying unit which moves the stage or the optical analyzing unit while moving along the conveying track. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the successive optical analysis system may further include an analysis support unit which loads or unloads the flow cell for the stage or supplies a reagent to the flow cell. 
     The analysis support unit may load or unload the flow cell or supply the reagent to the flow cell for an idle stage that is not positioned in the optical analyzing unit among the stages. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the optical analyzing unit may include: a light source which emits light; an optical filter which allows an optical signal of a specific wavelength band to pass through; and an optical detector which detects the optical signal, and the optical analyzing unit may be provided with a spacing to which the stage is to move and be positioned. 
     The spacing may be formed between the light source and the optical filter. 
     In at least two optical analyzing units, at least one of a wavelength band of the light source, a transmissive wavelength band of the optical filter, and a transmissive wavelength band of a light source filter provided at a light output side of the light source may be set differently. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the optical analyzing unit may further include an optical mask provided with mask holes formed through a front end of the optical detector to correspond to detecting elements of the optical detector or formed to allow light to pass through. 
     A size of the mask hole may be smaller than a size of the detecting element, and may be smaller than a size of a reaction region of the flow cell. 
     A pixel size of the detecting element may be set to be the same as an interval between the reaction regions. 
     The reaction regions of the flow cell existing in a region photographable by the optical detector one time may be more than a combination of the detecting elements and the mask holes. 
     The reaction region of the flow cell may be at least divided into a first cluster group and a second cluster group adjacent to the first cluster group, and an assembly of the optical detector and the optical mask may minutely shift relative to the flow cell after detecting a fluorescent signal for the first cluster group and detect a fluorescent signal for the second cluster group. 
     Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a successive optical analysis method using a successive optical analysis system including at least one stage, and an optical analyzing unit including a first optical analyzing unit and a second optical analyzing unit, the successive optical analysis method including: (a) loading a flow cell on the stage; (b) positioning the stage in the first optical analyzing unit by conveying at least one of the stage and the first optical analyzing unit; (c) performing, by the first optical analyzing unit, a first optical analysis on the flow cell loaded on the stage; (d) positioning the stage in the second optical analyzing unit by conveying at least one of the stage and the second optical analyzing unit; and (e) performing, by the second optical analyzing unit, a second optical analysis on the flow cell loaded on the stage. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the stage may include a first stage and a second stage, and the second optical analyzing unit may perform a second optical analysis on the second stage while the first optical analyzing unit performs a first optical analysis on the first stage. 
     The stage may be provided in plural, and the flow cell may be loaded or unloaded or a reagent may be supplied to the flow cell for an idle stage on which an optical analysis is not performed. 
     The optical analyzing unit may further include a third optical analyzing unit for a third optical analysis and a fourth optical analyzing unit for a fourth optical analysis, and the first to fourth optical analyses may be sequentially performed on the flow cell loaded on the stage and a new reagent is supplied after performing the successive optical analysis or before at least one of the first to fourth optical analysis. 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to simplify an optical signal detection configuration and reduce noise, thereby improving detection accuracy. 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously perform the optical analysis on the flow cell, thereby improving an analysis speed. 
     The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example of a flow cell. 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an optical analyzing unit and a stage (flow cell) in the successive optical analysis system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram (an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion B of  FIG. 6 ) illustrating a detailed configuration of the optical analyzing unit and the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the optical analyzing unit in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the optical analyzing unit in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating a location relationship between an optical mask of the optical analyzing unit and a well (cluster) of the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a diagram (an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion B of  FIG. 6 ) illustrating a detailed configuration of another form of the optical analyzing unit and the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating a location relationship between the optical mask and the well (cluster) of the flow cell in the configuration illustrated in  FIG. 11 . 
         FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating a successive optical analysis method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     It should be understood that the appended drawings are not necessarily to scale, presenting a somewhat simplified representation of various features illustrative of the basic principles of the invention. The specific design features of the present invention as disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and shapes will be determined in part by the particular intended application and use environment. 
     In the figures, reference numbers refer to the same or equivalent parts of the present invention throughout the several figures of the drawing. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First of all, it should be noted that in giving reference numerals to elements of each drawing, like reference numerals refer to like elements even though like elements are shown in different drawings. Further, in the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known configurations or functions incorporated herein will be omitted when it is judged that the detailed description may make the subject matter of the present disclosure unclear. It should be understood that although the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described hereafter, the spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto and the present invention may be changed and modified in various ways by those skilled in the art. 
     A successive optical analysis system and a successive optical analysis method according to the present invention are for a biological or chemical optical analysis and may be utilized in, for example, sequencing DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on DNA sequencing, but the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to the DNA sequencing. 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example of a flow cell, and an enlarged cross-section of portion A of  FIG. 1  is also illustrated. 
     A flow cell  10  is provided with at least one fluid channel  12 , and a plurality of wells  18  functioning as a reaction region is formed in the fluid channel  12 . DNA fragments may be attached to the plurality of wells  18  while forming a cluster. The plurality of wells  18  may be formed in various patterns, such as a grid form or a zigzag form. The fluid channel  12  is connected with an inlet  14  for supplying a reagent containing a base that complementarily binds to the DNA clusters and an outlet  16  for discharging the reagent. 
     The flow cell  10  may be formed of a base panel  11   b  forming a lower structure and a cover  11   a  covering an upper portion of the fluid channel  12 . Further, the base panel  11   b  and the fluid channel  12  may be formed of a light transmitting material. For the DNA sequencing, the well  18  of the flow cell  10  may be prepared in the state where the DNA cluster is attached to the well  18 . 
     In the exemplary embodiment, an align mark M may be formed in the flow cell  10 . The align mark M may be a reference for aligning the flow cell  10  during the optical analysis. The align mark M illustrated in  FIG. 1  is merely an example, and it is also possible to change the location of the align mark M or increase the number of align marks M as necessary. 
       FIG. 2  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. (a) of  FIG. 2  illustrates a state where the stage  200  is not located at the optical analyzing unit  100  side and (b) of  FIG. 2  illustrates a state where the stage  200  is located at the optical analyzing unit  100  side. 
     A successive optical analysis system  1  according to the present invention includes at least two optical analyzing units  100  which are sequentially disposed, a plurality of stages  200  for loading the flow cell  10 , and a first conveying unit  300  for adjusting a relative position of the plurality of stages  200  and the optical analyzing units  100 . 
     It is exemplified that four optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  are disposed in a circular form in the successive optical analysis system  1  illustrated in  FIG. 2 . However, in the implementation of the present invention, the number of optical analyzing units  100  may be 2, 3, or more. Further, the plurality of optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  may also be sequentially disposed in the form of a straight line or curved line, not a circular form. 
     The optical analyzing unit  100  performs an optical analysis on the flow cell  10 . In the exemplary embodiment, each optical analyzing unit  100  is set to acquire a specific fluorescent signal generated by a base complementarily binding to a DNA cluster provided in the flow cell  10 . Particularly, the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  may be configured to acquire an optical signal by adenine (A), the second optical analyzing unit  100   b  may be configured to acquire an optical signal by cytosine (c), the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  may be configured to acquire an optical signal by guanine (G), and the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d  may be configured to acquire an optical signal by thymine (T). To this end, each of the first to fourth optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  may be provided with a light source and an optical filter for acquiring the corresponding optical signal. 
     The stage  200  is configured to load the flow cell  10 . The stage  200  may be provided in plural including first to fourth stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d  according to the number of optical analyzing units  100 . However, in the implementation of the present invention, the number of stages  200  is not limited thereto, and may be increased/decreased as necessary. Further,  FIG. 2  illustrates the example in which the optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  and the stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d  are disposed in a circular shape while forming an angle of 90°, but the angular arrangement may be changed as necessary. 
     The stage  200  may be configured to be driven in at least one axis direction in order to align a position of the flow cell  10  in a relationship with the analyzing unit  100  in the state where the flow cell  10  is loaded. The stage  200  may include a linear motor or may be minutely driven by a piezo method. 
     When the light source which is provided in the optical analyzing unit  100  and emits light to the flow cell  10  is located in an upper portion of the stage  200 , the stage  200  may be configured in the form of a plate supporting the flow cell  10  in a lower portion. 
     As another exemplary embodiment, when the light source emitting light to the flow cell  10  is located in a lower portion of the stage  200 , the stage  200  may have the configuration capable of transmitting light to the flow cell  10 . For example, the stage  200  may include a piezo stage which is formed with an aperture and is capable of XY positioning like models P-541 and P-542 of Physik Instrumente (PI) GmbH &amp; Co. 
     The stage  200  may also be configured to be driven in a height direction (Z-axis) to adjust a height of the flow cell  10 . Further, the minute driving stage in the piezo method may be configured to be rotatable based on at least one axis among the X, Y, and Z axes through a rotation to adjust an angle in a plane. 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the stage  200  may also be configured to be conveyed to the optical analyzing unit  100  in the state where the flow cell  10  is supported on the stage  200 , the optical analyzing unit  100  checks a position of the flow cell  10 , and a partial configuration of the optical analyzing unit  100  is position-adjusted in accordance with the position of the flow cell  10 . In this case, the optical analyzing unit  100  may be configured to be additionally provided with a linear motor or a minute driving means in the piezo method to be linearly or rotationally driven in at least one axis direction. In the exemplary embodiment, the position alignment of the optical analyzing unit  100  and the flow cell  10  may be performed by recognizing the align mark M formed in the flow cell  10  as described above. 
     In the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 2 , the first conveying unit  300  is configured to convey the stage  200  to the optical analyzing unit  100 . In the exemplary embodiment, the first conveying unit  300  may include a first rotation driving unit  310 , and a first support frame  320  of which one side is connected to the first rotation driving unit  310  and the other side is connected to the stage  200 . The stage  200  connected to the first support frame  320  by the first rotation driving unit  310  may rotate (in a counterclockwise direction) and sequentially move from the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  to the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d.    
     In describing a process of performing an optical analysis on the flow cell  10 , the flow cell  10  attached with the DNA cluster is loaded on the first stage  200   a , the first conveying unit  300  is driven, and the first stage  200   a  moves to the first optical analyzing unit  100   a . The first optical analyzing unit  100   a  detects an optical signal according to a first base (for example, adenine (A)). After the optical analysis in the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  is completed, the first conveying unit  300  is driven and the first stage  200   a  moves to the second optical analyzing unit  100   b  to detect an optical signal by a second base (for example, cytosine (C)). By the method, the first stage  200   a  sequentially moves to the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  and the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d  to detect optical signals according to a third base (for example, guanine (G)) and a fourth base (for example, thymine (T)). 
     As the plurality of stages  200  is provided, the optical analysis may be performed in each of the plurality of optical analyzing units  100  and an optical analysis speed may be improved. As described later, in order for each optical analyzing unit  100  to perform the optical analysis for a specific base, each optical analyzing unit  100  may be provided with an optical filter which selectively transmits or blocks light in a specific wavelength band. As another exemplary embodiment, each optical analyzing unit  100  may be provided with a light source which emits light at a specific wavelength band. Further, the light source and the optical filter in each optical analyzing unit  100  may be differently set. 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     The basic configurations of  FIG. 3  are the same as the configurations illustrated in  FIG. 2 . However, a successive optical analysis system  1 A according to the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 3  is different from the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 2  in that an optical analyzing unit  100  moves, not a stage  200 , so that the stage  200  is located within the optical analyzing unit  100 . To this end, a second conveying unit  330  is provided for driving the optical analyzing unit  100 . The second conveying unit  330  may include a second rotation driving unit  332 , and a second support frame  334  of which one side is connected to the second rotation driving unit  332  and the other side is connected to the stage  200 . 
     Summarizing the exemplary embodiments described with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the successive optical analysis system according to the present invention includes the plurality of optical analyzing units  100  and the plurality of stages  200 , and performs an optical analysis by positioning the stage  200  within the optical analyzing unit  100  by adjusting a relative position by driving any one of the optical analyzing unit  100  and the stage  200 . Herein, the stage  200  is conveyed by the first conveying unit  300  or the optical analyzing unit  100  is conveyed by the second conveying unit  330 . 
     In the implementation of the present invention, the successive optical analysis system may be configured so that both the first conveying unit  300  and the second conveying unit  330  are provided, so that both the stage  200  and the optical analyzing unit  100  are movable. Further, for the more fine position adjustment, the successive optical analysis system may be configured so as to enable any one of the first conveying unit  300  and the second conveying unit  330  to larger position-move, and enable the other one to be minutely position-adjusted. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, after the optical analyzing unit  100  moves to the stage  200  by the second conveying unit  330 , the stage  200  may be minutely position-adjusted by minute driving (rotation) of the first conveying unit  300 . In this case, along with the rotation of the first conveying unit  300 , a position between the optical analyzing unit  100  and the flow cell  10  may additionally aligned by the minute driving of the stage  200  itself using the linear motor or the piezo method or the minute driving of the optical analyzing unit  100 . 
     In another exemplary embodiment, after the stage  200  is positioned in the optical analyzing unit  100 , a position between the optical analyzing unit  100  and the flow cell  10  may be aligned by the minute driving (rotation) of the second conveying unit  330 . Further, even in this case, along with the rotation of the first conveying unit  300 , a position between the optical analyzing unit  100  and the flow cell  10  may be additionally aligned by the minute driving of the stage  200  itself using the linear motor or the piezo method or the minute driving of the optical analyzing unit  100 . 
     In the examples of  FIGS. 2 and 3 , it is described that the first conveying unit  300  and the second conveying unit  330  adopt the rotation driving method, but as long as the stage  200  or the optical analyzing unit  100  is conveyed, various methods, such as a linear moving method or a method of moving the stage  200  or the optical analyzing unit  100  by using a clamp or a chuck, rather than the rotation driving method may be applied. 
     In the examples of  FIGS. 2 and 3 , it has been described that all of the stages  200  are conveyed together by the first conveying unit  300  and all of the optical analyzing units  100  are conveyed together with the second conveying unit  330 . However, in the implementation of the present invention, the first conveying unit  300  may be configured to individually convey each stage  200 , and the second conveying unit  330  may be configured to individually convey each optical analyzing unit  100 . 
       FIG. 4  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 4  illustrates an example of a successive optical analysis system  1 B in which four optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d , five stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c ,  200   d , and  200   e , and a conveying unit  300  are provided. The five stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c ,  200   d , and  200   e  are disposed while having an angle of 72°, and the optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  are disposed to simultaneously perform an optical analysis on four stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d  among the five stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c ,  200   d , and  200   e . In the configuration, the remaining fifth stage  200   e  is in an idle state. A preparation operation for the optical analysis may progress for the fifth stage  200   e , such as loading a new flow cell  10  to the fifth stage  200   e , or supplying a new reagent to the flow cell  10  that is already loaded on the fifth stage  200   e . To this end, the optical analysis system  1 B may additionally include an analysis support unit  400 . The analysis support unit  400  may include a flow cell loading unit which loads or unloads the flow cell  10  for the stage  200  and/or a reagent supply unit which supplies a reagent to the flow cell  10 . 
     In the configuration according to  FIG. 4 , an optical analysis may more rapidly progress by progressing the analysis preparation operation for any one flow cell  10  and performing the optical analysis on other flow cells. Further, in the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 4 , it is illustrated that the stage  200  is conveyed by the first conveying unit  300 , but like the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 3 , the second conveying unit  330  may be provided to convey the optical analyzing unit  100 , or both the first conveying unit  300  and the second conveying unit  330  may also be provided. 
     In the foregoing, the four optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  and the five stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c ,  200   d , and  200   e  are exemplified, but the number of optical analyzing units  100  may be two or more, and the stages  200  may be provided at least one or more than the number of optical analyzing units  100 . Further, when the specific idle stages  200  are two or more, the flow cell may be loaded/unloaded for any one idle stage, and a new reagent may be supplied to another idle stage. 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram schematically illustrating a successive optical analysis system according to still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     In a successive optical analysis system  1 C illustrated in  FIG. 5 , a plurality of optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d  are arranged in a line. A plurality of stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d  may be conveyed in a line to be sequentially conveyed to the optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d.    
     The stage  200  may be conveyed by a conveying track  340  and a moving conveying unit  350  which fixes the stage  200  and moves along the conveying track  340 . The moving conveying unit  350  may be configured to sequentially convey the stage  200  to the first to fourth optical analyzing units  100   a ,  100   b ,  100   c , and  100   d , move along the conveying track  340 , and return to the first optical analyzing unit  100   a . In the exemplary embodiment, the moving conveying unit  350  may be configure by using a linear motor. 
     In the exemplary embodiment exemplified in  FIG. 5 , the optical analyzing unit  100  may be conveyed along the conveying track  340  by the moving conveying unit  350  in the state where the stage  200  is fixed. 
     Next, the configuration of the optical analyzing unit  100  and a relationship with the stage  200  for the optical analysis in the optical analyzing unit  100  will be described. 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the optical analyzing unit and the stage (flow cell) in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG. 7  is a diagram (an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion B of  FIG. 6 ) illustrating a detailed configuration of the optical analyzing unit and the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Further,  FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating another configuration of the optical analyzing unit in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to (a) of  FIG. 6 , the stage  200  is in the state where the flow cell  10  is loaded, and the stage  200  does not move to a spacing  60  of the optical analyzing unit  100 . 
     The stage  200  may be formed with an aperture  210 , and the flow cell  10  is exposed in a vertical direction through the aperture  210 . 
     The optical analyzing unit  100  includes a light source  20  which emits light for fluorescently analyzing the DNA cluster attached to the flow cell  10 , and an optical detector  50  which converts an optical signal to an electric signal. Further, the optical analyzing unit  100  may further include an optical filter  30  for allowing only an optical signal in a specific wavelength band to pass through. Further, the optical analyzing unit  100  may include an optical mask  40  for reducing noise when an optical signal is acquired. The spacing  60  in which the stage  200  may be positioned is formed between the light source  20  and the optical detector  50  of the optical analyzing unit  100  (between the light source  20  and the optical filter  30  in the case where the optical filter  30  is provided). 
     When the stage  200  is conveyed by the first conveying unit  300 , the optical analyzing unit  100  is conveyed by the second conveying unit  330 , or the stage  200  or the optical analyzing unit  100  is conveyed by the moving conveying unit  350  as described above, the stage  200  is positioned in the spacing  60  of the optical analyzing unit  100  like (b) of  FIG. 6 . The flow cell  10  loaded on the stage  200  and the optical detector  50  or the optical mask  40  are aligned with each other. In the exemplary embodiment, when the stage  200  is configured to be movable in at least one direction in an XY plane or the Z-axis direction by the piezo method, the position of the flow cell  10  may be adjusted by the driving of the stage  200 . After the stage  200  or the optical analyzing unit  100  moves to a signal detection position by the first conveying unit  300  or the second conveying unit  330  and is aligned for the detection of a fluorescent signal, at least one of the stage  200  and the optical analyzing unit  100  may move in a vertical direction so as to adjust a gap between the stage  200  and the optical analyzing unit  100 . Through this, when the signal is detected, the gap between the stage  200  and the optical analyzing unit  100  may be adjusted to a gap in which the signal is most efficiently detected. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the light source  20  is positioned at an opposite side of the optical detector  50  with the spacing  60  interposed therebetween. The light source  20  may be disposed in the lateral portion of the optical detector  50  or coaxially disposed with the optical detector  50 , but when the light source  20  is disposed as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , there is an advantage in that it is possible to simplify a disposition structure of the light source  20 . In the exemplary embodiment, the light source  20  may be provided as a surface light source. Further, in the exemplary embodiment, the light source  20  may be provided in the form of an optical waveguide, and light generated from a separate light generator may be transmitted through the optical waveguide and light may be emitted to the flow cell  10 . However, in the implementation of the present invention, the light source  20  is not limited to the surface light source, and may be configured as a line light source or a point light source. The light source  20  may generate light in a specific wavelength band or generate light in a plurality of wavelength bands, or may be white light. Each optical analyzing unit  100  may be able to detect and analyze a specific optical signal according to a wavelength band of light generated in the light source  20  or a combination of the light source  20  and the optical filter  30 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , in the light source  20 , a light source filter  22  for selectively transmitting only light in a specific wavelength band may be provided at a light output side of the light source  20 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , the optical detector  50  may include a substrate  54  and a plurality of detecting elements  52  formed in the substrate  54 . The detecting element  52  detects a fluorescent signal, and converts a fluorescent signal into an electric signal. The detecting element  52  may be implemented by a CCD or CMOS method to form one pixel. Further, the optical detector  50  may be implemented in an image sensor in which the plurality of detecting elements (that is, pixels) is arranged in an array form. When the optical detector  50  is implemented with the image sensor in which the plurality of pixels is arranged in the array form, a fluorescent signal is detected by each pixel and a detection result of the fluorescent signal may be obtained as one or more images. 
     The optical detector  50  may be configured such that a plurality of image sensors is disposed in succession to cover all of the wells  18  of the flow cell  10  at once. However, in the implementation of the present invention, the optical detector  50  may have an area capable of covering only a partial region of the flow cell  10 , and it is possible to detect optical signals for the wells  18  of the flow cell  10  while the element including the optical detector  50  moves. 
     The optical mask  40  includes mask holes  42  formed to penetrate while corresponding to the detecting elements  52  or formed to allow light to pass through, and a portion except for the mask holes  42  is formed of a material through which light does not pass. The optical mask  40  may be formed in a flat plate shape in which the plurality of mask holes  42  is formed. In the exemplary embodiment, the mask hole  42  of the optical mask  40  may be formed to be smaller than the pixel size of the detecting element  52 . A fluorescent signal in a specific well  18  may be incident based on a center of the detecting element  52  by the mask hole  42 . The mask hole  42  may be formed in a quadrangular shape, but may also be provided in a shape of a circle, a triangle, and the like, not a quadrangle. The optical mask  40  allows the fluorescent signal in the specific well  18  to be transmitted to the corresponding detecting element  52  and prevents the fluorescent signal from the surrounding well  18  from being incident. In the exemplary embodiment, the size of the mask hole  42  may be formed to be smaller than the size of the well  18 . 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the optical detector  50  and the optical mask  40  may be prepared while being combined with each other in the state where the detecting elements  52  and the mask holes  42  are disposed while matching to each other. 
     In another exemplary embodiment, the optical detector  50  and the optical mask  40  may be prepared while being combined with each other in the state where the detecting elements  52 , the mask holes  42 , and the filters  30  are disposed while matching to one another. 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the optical analyzing unit in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 9 , a detection range of an optical detector  50  is smaller than a size of a flow cell  10 . Accordingly, the optical detector  50  detects an optical signal while moving the flow cell  10 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , an optical analyzing unit  100  may include a head unit  70  and a driving unit  80  for driving the head unit  70 . The head unit  70  is provided with an optical filer  30 , an optical mask  40 , and the optical detector  50 . The driving unit  80  is an element for driving the head unit  70  in at least one direction, and may be formed by a driving means, such as a linear motor. The driving unit  80  may be connected with the head unit  70  through a head unit supporting unit  82 . The driving unit  80  may move the head unit  70  in at least one direction of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction (Z-axis direction). 
     In the exemplary embodiment, the driving unit  80  may be connected to the second conveying unit  330  described with reference to  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating a location relationship between the optical mask of the optical analyzing unit and the well (cluster) of the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     (a) of  FIG. 10  illustrates the optical mask  40  formed with the mask holes  42 . In each mask hole  42  of the optical mask  40 , the detecting element  52  corresponding to the mask hole  42  is located. (a) of  FIG. 10 , a pixel size of the detecting element  52  is w1 and a size (a diameter in the case where the mask hole  42  has a circular shape) of the mask hole  42  is w2. w2 is smaller than w1. The fluorescent signal from the periphery of the specific well  18  may be prevented from spreading to the specific detecting element  52  by the mask hole  42 . The center of the mask hole  42  may be disposed to be matched with the center of the detecting element  52 . 
     (b) of  FIG. 10  illustrates the disposition of the plurality of wells  18  formed in the flow cell  10 . An interval between the adjacent wells  18  is d1 and a size (or a diameter) of the well  18  is d2. The interval d1 between the wells  18  may be defined with a distance between the centers of the adjacent wells  18 . In the implementation of the present invention, the pixel size w1 may be the same or approximately the same as the interval d1 between the wells  18 . The size w2 of the mask hole  42  may be smaller than the size d2 of the well  18 . In the case where the size w2 of the mask hole  42  is formed to be smaller than the size d2 of the well  18 , it is possible to further prevent an inflow of noise in addition to the fluorescent signal from the specific well  18 . 
     (c) of  FIG. 10  illustrates a state where the optical mask  40  is disposed in upper portions of the wells  18  of the flow cell  10 . 
     (a) to (c) of  FIG. 10  illustrate the examples in which the mask holes  42  are formed in the form of 7×7, but the number of mask holes  42  may be increased according to an actual size of the optical mask  40 , and the disposition of the mask holes  42  may also be variously changed. 
     When the optical analyzing unit  100  is configured as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , after a detection of a fluorescent signal is completed for a region of the flow cell  10  corresponding to a photographing possible region of the optical detector  50 , the head unit  40  may move to a not-photographed region of the flow cell  10  and then the detection of the fluorescent signal for the region may be performed. 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram (an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion B of  FIG. 6 ) illustrating a detailed configuration of another form of the optical analyzing unit and the flow cell in the successive optical analysis system according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and  FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating a location relationship between the optical mask and the well (cluster) of the flow cell in the configuration illustrated in  FIG. 11 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 11 and 12 , the configuration is different from the configuration of  FIGS. 7 and 10  in that the number of wells  18  is larger than each number of detecting elements  52  and mask holes  42 .  FIGS. 10 and 11  exemplify the case where the number of wells  18  in a region covered by the optical detector  50  is two times the number of detecting element  52  and mask holes  42 . However, in the implementation of the present invention, the number of wells  18  may be the larger than the number of optical detectors  50  and mask holes  42 . For example, the number of optical detectors  50  may be three or four or more times the number of mask holes  42 . 
     (a) of  FIG. 12  illustrates the optical mask  40  in which the mask holes  42  are formed, and (b) of  FIG. 12  illustrates the disposition of the plurality of wells  18  formed in the flow cell  10  in which the wells  18  are disposed in 14 columns in the transverse direction. 
     Referring to (b) of  FIG. 12 , from the left column, first cluster groups  18 A and second cluster groups  18 B are alternately disposed. In this case, a distance between the first cluster group  18 A and the second cluster group  18 B is d3, and d3=(w1)/2. 
     (c) of  FIG. 12  illustrates a detection of a fluorescent signal for the first cluster group  18 A and (d) of  FIG. 12  illustrates a detection of a fluorescent signal for the second cluster group  18 B. 
     Referring to (c) of  FIG. 12 , a head unit  40  is located relative to the flow cell  10  so that the fluorescent signal of the first cluster group  18 A passes through the mask hole  42 . In the state of (c) of  FIG. 12 , the optical detector  50  detects the fluorescent signal for the first cluster group  18 A. 
     Referring to (d) of  FIG. 12 , a head unit  40  is located relative to the flow cell  10  so that the fluorescent signal of the second cluster group  18 B passes through the mask hole  42 . In the state of (d) of  FIG. 12 , the optical detector  50  detects the fluorescent signal for the second cluster group  18 B. 
     The inflow of the signal from the adjacent well  18  in addition to the fluorescent signal from the corresponding well  18  to the corresponding detecting element  52  is prevented or minimized by the mask holes  42  of the optical mask  40 . Further, according to the exemplary embodiment of  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the efficient and rapid detection of the fluorescent signal may also be performed on the cluster having the more integrated pattern than the detecting element  52 . 
     Next, a successive optical analysis method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described. 
       FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating a successive optical analysis method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     First, a successive optical analysis system  1 ,  1 A,  1 B, and  1 C is prepared (S 1000 ). 
     A flow cell  10  is loaded on the first stage  200   a  (S 1100 ). 
     The first stage  200   a  is located and aligned within the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  by conveying at least one of the first stage  200   a  and the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  (S 1200 ). 
     The first optical analyzing unit  100   a  performs a first optical analysis on the flow cell  10  loaded on the first stage  200   a  (S 1300 ). As an example, the first optical analysis may be a detection of a fluorescent signal by adenine (A). 
     When operation S 1300  is completed, the first stage  200   a  is located and aligned within the second optical analyzing unit  100   b  by conveying at least one of the first stage  200   a  and the second optical analyzing unit  100   b  (S 1400 ). 
     The second optical analyzing unit  100   b  performs a second optical analysis on the flow cell  10  loaded on the first stage  200   a  (S 1300 ). The second optical analysis may be different from the first optical analysis. As an example, in the case where the first optical analysis detects a fluorescent signal by adenine (A), the second optical analysis may detect a fluorescent signal by cytosine (C). 
     When the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  and the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d  are further provided and a third optical analysis and a fourth optical analysis by the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  and the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d  are further required, the operations similar to operations S 1200  to S 1500  may be further performed in the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  and the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d.    
     The process may be performed even on another added flow cell  10  in the same manner. In this case, another flow cell  10  may be loaded on the second stage  200   a , so that a successive optical analysis may be performed. 
     As an example, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 2 or 3 , the flow cell  10  may be loaded on each of the first to fourth stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d , and the optical analysis may sequentially progress while the first stage  200   a  rotates in the counterclockwise direction in an order from the first optical analyzing unit  100   a  to the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d , the second stage  200   b  rotates in the counterclockwise direction in an order from the second optical analyzing unit  100   b  to the first optical analyzing unit  100   a , the third stage  200   d  rotates in the counterclockwise direction in an order from the third optical analyzing unit  100   c  to the second optical analyzing unit  100   b , and the fourth stage  200   d  rotates in the counterclockwise direction in an order from the fourth optical analyzing unit  100   d  to the third optical analyzing unit  100   c.    
     In the exemplary embodiment, the successive optical analysis may be performed while the flow cell is sequentially loaded on the first to fourth stages  200   a ,  200   b ,  200   c , and  200   d . In addition, a new reagent may be supplied to the flow cell  10  after performing the successive optical analysis or before at least one of the first to fourth optical analysis. 
     Taking the exemplary embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 4  as an example, the flow cell  10  may be loaded on the idle stage  200   e  or a reagent may be supplied while the optical analysis progresses for the flow cells  10  loaded on other stages  200   a  to  200   d.    
     Although the exemplary embodiment of the present invention has been described for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but are intended to illustrate the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment and the accompanying drawings. The scope of the present invention shall be construed on the basis of the accompanying claims in such a manner that all of the technical ideas included within the scope equivalent to the claims belong to the scope of the present invention. 
     As described above, the exemplary embodiments have been described and illustrated in the drawings and the specification. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and their practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to make and utilize various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various alternatives and modifications thereof. As is evident from the foregoing description, certain aspects of the present invention are not limited by the particular details of the examples illustrated herein, and it is therefore contemplated that other modifications and applications, or equivalents thereof, will occur to those skilled in the art. Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the present construction will, however, become apparent to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and the accompanying drawings. All such changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are deemed to be covered by the invention which is limited only by the claims which follow.