Patent Publication Number: US-2002010755-A1

Title: Communications system

Description:
[0001] The present invention relates to methods and apparatuses for delivering data to a user and, in particular, to systems where such data is selected from a larger store automatically and on the basis of a compiled profile of the user.  
       [0002] An example of such a system is described in European patent application EP-A-0 944 002 which provides a communications method and a communications network comprising a server and a plurality of user terminals. The user terminals can share information with each other and with the server by means of an interconnecting network, especially the Internet. On the server, a profile database is provided containing data representing a characteristic behaviour of associated user addresses. The server automatically acquires this representative data in response to activities performed by the associated users of the network, which data is stored with the associated user addresses in the profile database on the server.  
       [0003] The particular concern with the system of EP-A-0 944 002 is to avoid an incorrect or inappropriate profile specification being built up for a user and, to this end, the described profile database can be accessed by the user at any time such that the user can modify the content of the database in relation to the contents associated with one of the addresses associated with that user. The user can modify the contents by, for example, adding, deleting, or amending subject matter in the profile database.  
       [0004] Whilst user profiling can increase the user-friendliness of the system as perceived by the user, the accommodations required in terms of additional data channels to storage and data collation utilities within the server may make the provision of user-profiling or user tailoring of services an unjustified excess.  
       [0005] It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide some means whereby the user-perceived enhanced system functionality arising from user profiling does not require excessive system communications resources.  
       [0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a networked communications apparatus comprising at least one server and a plurality of user stations, wherein the user stations comprise terminals arranged to receive information from the at least one server by means of a connection via a first network, the apparatus further comprising:  
       [0007] storage means holding a profile database, which profile database contains data representing a characteristic behaviour of an associated user terminal network address or addresses, the apparatus including means for automatically acquiring such data in response to an activity of the associated user and storing the same together with the associated user terminal network address or addresses in the profile database;  
       [0008] wherein the user station further comprises a portable communications device coupled with said terminal and connectable to said at least one server via a second network, wherein the user terminal is configured to perform the automatic acquisition of data for the profile database, said data being transferred to said server via said portable communications device following establishment of a connection via said second network. By use of the portable communications device link for the transfer of user profiling data, traffic on the first network (which may be the Internet or some more localised Intranet) is kept to within manageable levels such that the user does not associate advanced profiling functionality with system delays.  
       [0009] The portable communications device may suitably comprise a mobile telephone (the second network being a telecommunications network), and the said access data for establishing a connection may therefore comprise a telephone number. The above-referenced first network may be the Internet and the user terminals may accordingly comprise at least a display device coupled with processing means hosting an Internet browser and user-operable means for control of the same. With such an arrangement, one or more of the said terminals may comprise a television receiver further configured to access and display data from the World Wide Web.  
       [0010] In one embodiment, the coupling between the portable communications device and the respective user terminal may comprise a wireless link. Additionally, the aforementioned data transfer via said wireless link preferably follows a predetermined set of message transfer protocols, such as those known generically as “Bluetooth”.  
       [0011] The portable communications device may further comprise a buffer arranged to store data received from said server and addressed to the respective user terminal and, in such circumstances, may further comprise means for reading stored data from said buffer and sending said data on to the user terminal. In such an arrangement, the portable communications device may further comprise means configured to determine whether a respective user terminal is available to receive data from the said server and, if so, to forward such data and, if not, to buffer such data until such time as either the respective user terminal becomes available or the buffer becomes full.  
       [0012] In an arrangement as aforesaid, said portable communications device may further comprise means configured to determine whether said server is available to receive data from a respective user terminal and, if so, to forward such data and, if not, to buffer such data until such time as either the server becomes available or the buffer becomes full.  
       [0013] The coupling of said user terminal and said mobile communications device may be by wireless transmission therefrom, and the portable communications device means for receiving wireless transmissions from the terminal may be further configured to receive additional data transmitted wirelessly from other sources.  
       [0014] Also in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a portable communications apparatus for use in a system as described hereinabove, a data processing apparatus having the technical features of a user terminal as recited above and including means for coupling, for transfer of data, with a communications apparatus described above.  
       [0015] According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of data communication for use in a networked communications system comprising at least one server and a plurality of user stations, wherein the user stations comprise terminals which can receive information from the at least one server by means of a connection via a first network, the method comprising:  
       [0016] providing a profile database, which profile database contains data representing a characteristic behaviour of an associated user terminal network address or addresses, the data being acquired automatically in response to an activity of the associated user and being stored together with the associated user terminal network address or addresses in the profile database;  
       [0017] with the user station further comprising a portable communications device coupled with said terminal and connectable to said at least one server via a second network, the user terminal performs the automatic acquisition of data for the profile database, said data being transferred to said server via said portable communications device following establishment of a connection via said second network.  
       [0018] The said communications device may comprise a mobile telephone and the server may store access data for establishing connection in the form of a simple telephone number for said mobile telephone. Under such circumstances, the portable communications device may be configured to store data received from said server and addressed to the respective user terminal, and the buffer may hold or buffer such data until such time as either the respective user terminal becomes available or the buffer becomes full. 
     
    
    
     [0019] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from reading of the following description of preferred embodiments, given by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:  
     [0020]FIG. 1 represents a coupled arrangement of user terminal and portable communications device;  
     [0021]FIG. 2 represents an exemplary implementation of messaging beacon infrastructure;  
     [0022]FIG. 3 represents a message format for transmission in a beacon slot in the arrangement of FIG. 2;  
     [0023]FIG. 4 shows the transmission of messaging slots from a beacon to a mobile device; and  
     [0024]FIG. 5 represents a combined user terminal and portable communications device and its connection to different services. 
    
    
     [0025]FIG. 1 schematically represents components embodying the present invention and in the form of a networked communications apparatus comprising at least one server or service provider  10  coupled to a plurality of user stations  12  (only one of which is shown) via a link  14  which may comprise a network connection, wireless or cable link, or other data transfer means. The server  10  includes at least one storage means  16  holding a profile database, which profile database contains data representing a characteristic behaviour of an associated user as identified by their terminal network address or addresses. The server builds up the user profile data by automatically acquiring such data in response to one or several selected activities of the associated user, such as what television channels they watch, what goods they purchase on-line and so forth. This profiling data is then stored together with the associated user terminal network address or addresses in the profile database.  
     [0026] The user station further comprises a portable communications device  18 , suitably a mobile telephone, coupled with said terminal  12  as indicated by dashed link  20 . As schematically illustrated, the device  18  includes a receiver  18 .R configured to the form of coupling with terminal  12 , as well as a buffer  18 .A for received signals. The device  18  is connectable to said at least one server or service provider  22  via a second network or data link  24 , in this case a telecommunications network. As shown by line  26 , the means for automatically acquiring user data (server  10 ) is coupled to the telecommunications service  22  and may use this channel via link  20  as a simple low-cost route for user profiling data being gathered from or by the user terminal  12  or as a back channel for other data required to be sent by said terminal  12  back to server  10 . In order to facilitate this connection, the service provider  10  need simply store the users mobile telephone number with the profiling data for that user in the profile database  16 . By use of the portable communications device link for the transfer of user profiling data, traffic on the first network or link  14  is kept to within manageable levels such that the user does not associate advanced profiling functionality with system delays.  
     [0027] The link  20  between the portable communications device  18  and the respective user terminal  12  may comprise a wireless (radio frequency or infrared) link. Additionally, the aforementioned data transfer via said wireless link preferably follows a predetermined set of message transfer protocols, such as those known generically as “Bluetooth”. The support for link  18  further enables interaction with a beacon infrastructure where a system of beacons transmit additional data messages to a users portable communications device  18 . The beacons provide matrix coverage over a series of locales.  
     [0028] Whilst base stations or beacons will typically be independent of one another (in a shopping mall set up, each shop provides and maintains its own beacon without reference to any beacons provided by neighbouring shops), the beacons may be wholly or partially networked with at least some coordination as to their broadcast messages. FIG. 2 is a diagram of such a system  32  of linked beacons embodying the invention and providing an implementation of an infrastructure for use in, for example, department stores, shopping malls, theme parks, etc. The system  32  comprises a plurality of beacons B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , BN distributed over a series of locales. Each of the beacons B 1 -BN broadcasts one or more short-range inquiry signals in a timeslot format. The beacons B 1  - BN are controlled by a beacon infrastructure server (BIS)  40 , with one or more terminals T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , TM being connected to the server  40 . The terminals T 1  - TM enable service providers, i.e., the users of beacons B 1  - BN, to author or edit allocated service slots in the form of added data piggy backed on inquiry facilitation signals transmitted by beacons B 1  - BN. A service provider may lease a beacon or one of the beacon&#39;s service slots from the infrastructure provider. To this end, server  40  provides simple HTML templates for filling out by the user via one of terminals T 1  - TM. Having filled out the template with, for example, a description of the service and other information for the data to be carried via the beacon broadcast, the template is returned to server  40 , preferably via a secure link using, e.g., Secure HTTP (S-HTTP) or Secure Sockets Layer (SSL). SSL creates a secure link between a client and a server, over which any amount of data can be sent securely. S-HTTP is designed to transmit individual messages securely. Server  40  then creates the appropriate additional data package FI for appending to the inquiry signal of a relevant one of the beacons B 1  - BN based on the information submitted with the template. The system  32  may further comprise a beacon website hosted by an application server  34  to assist in carrying out various functions, as will be readily understood by the skilled reader.  
     [0029] Whilst it is expected that the messages will simply be broadcast to whichever mobile devices  18  are within range of a given terminal (with the user then being able to view the message data on the mobile device), response messages sent by the mobile device back to the broadcasting beacon may be supported, as indicated by dashed line  30 . In one preferred embodiment, the mobile device  18  is provided with a buffer ( 18 .A) to build up a log of received messages (optionally time-stamping them on receipt—for which purpose a clock signal source  17  may be provided) which messages can then be studied, perhaps edited on the mobile by use of the device keys, and replied to—for example if containing URL&#39;s—at the users leisure. With the buffer, the viewing and responding of messages may be handled by other devices of the user with the captured log being downloaded (e.g. via link  20 ) when the user is back in the vicinity of these devices.  
     [0030] Services may rent beacon slots from an infrastructure provider, and a typical message form, shown in FIG. 3, might comprise:  
     [0031] id an identifier for the transmitting beacon  
     [0032] SS an identifier for the Service Supplier  
     [0033] Ci specification of the Service Class  
     [0034] SD (optionally) further service details  
     [0035] QoS specification of Quality of Service  
     [0036] pi one or more connection pointers.  
     [0037] The connection pointers pi may be prefixed by a pointer type (eg. SMS, 1-800 -#,url). One service may have alternative pointers for the mobile to activate the service connection. Various qualities of service QoS may be supported by the same service provider, e.g. SMS, Audio interaction, GPRS, WAP etc. These should also be matched against the users preferences, mobile platform options, and cost preferences.  
     [0038] As represented by FIG. 4, each beacon  50  emits, in pulsed mode, a frame  52  of barcode slots offering connection “bridges” i.e. data enabling or supporting connection to various local services. The frame  52  is received by mobile device  18  with a connection pointer pi being used to initiate a service from service provider  54 : the service may comprise a telecommunications or web-based service or some other arrangement for information delivery dependent on the capabilities of the mobile device  18 . Prior to service activation by service provider  54  with a selected quality of service QoS, a negotiation or comparison process occurs between the stored user profile SUP (held in storage at  56 ) and characteristics of the service class as specified by Ci to optimise the selection of service class and QoS. The chosen QoS should fit the user&#39;s context, and acceptable charging rate. Therefore different QoS specifications may have different priorities at different times of the user&#39;s day.  
     [0039] Before using pointer pi to activate the service connection si from provider  54  (which may be made over GSM cellnet, SMS, or even over the wireless link  20 , optionally following bluetooth protocols) the class Ci (and possibly further details, e.g. QoS) is compared with current subset of the user profile, SUP. The physical location for storage  56  holding the SUP may be on the mobile (e.g. as a table), or remotely on a web site owned by the user, or provided by the beacon infrastructure provider for end users. The first stages of correlating class Ci and further service details against the SUP are preferably automatic. These may happen even before the user is notified by the mobile of the presence of a link to that service.  
     [0040] If a service of class Ci matches a table of classes held on the mobile device  18 , then in a first option the user is alerted and may with a single key press on the mobile  18  activate the service pointer pi. In an alternative arrangement, the mobile  18  first automatically issues (e.g. via SMS) a request to remote beacon website BS hosted by application server  34  for a more exact correlation between the services details (as held in local storage  58  by application server  34 ) and the stored SUP. If the service is deemed to match the user&#39;s current interest and intent, a positive answer is returned to the mobile  18  and only then is the user alerted by the mobile of the service&#39;s presence. The user then has the choice to activate the service automatically via its pointer pi being sent to service provider  54 .  
     [0041]FIG. 5 represents a further arrangement for TV or music-linked services, with an entertainment system ES  70  (TV, CD Player, MP3 jukebox or games platform for examples) being coupled via the mobile device  18  to the service provider  54  hosting, for example, Cellnet or web-based services.  
     [0042] As before, the frame broadcast by wireless link to the mobile may contain more than one service class, more than one pointer type pi per service offering different QoS and optionally more details of the services on offer.  
     [0043] In an extreme example, a service slot might only contain the identity of a music CD currently being played, plus a pointer pi (e.g. to a phone-based music service or web site) being pre-stored on the mobile. On activating the service via pi, the service is passed the identity of the CD from the beacon slot information, and the music service can be automatically tailored to the current CD.  
     [0044] Although defined principally in terms of a software-based or controlled implementation, the skilled reader will be well aware than many of the above-described functional features could equally well be implemented in hardware or a combination of software and hardware.  
     [0045] From reading the present disclosure, other modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art. Such modifications may involve other features which are already known in the design, manufacture and use of telecommunications systems and/or data network access apparatus and devices and component parts thereof and which may be used instead of or in addition to features already described herein.