Patent Publication Number: US-5830846-A

Title: Use of 3-acylthiohexyl esters as aroma and odoriferous substances

Description:
The invention relates to the use of 3-acylthiohexyl esters of the formula ##STR2## wherein R 1  and R 2  independently of one another represent hydrogen, C 1  -C 6  -alkyl or C 5  -C 12  -aryl, including furyl and thienyl, as aroma substances and/or odoriferous substances, and to aroma and odoriferous substance compositions comprising these compounds. 
     Although 3-acylthiohexyl esters have been described individually in the literature, the sensorial relevance of these compounds has not hitherto been recognized. Thus, 3-acryloylthiohexyl acetate is obtained as a by-product in the synthesis of 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (G. Heusinger and A. Mosandl in Tetrahedron Letters 25, 507, 1984 and K.-H. Engel and R. Tressl in J. Agric. Food Chem. 39, 2251, 1991), 3-(2-methyl-2-phenylthio) hexyl acetate has been prepare as an intermediate product (G. Heusinger and A. Mosandl in Tetrahedron Letters 25, 507, 1984), and 3-butanoylthiohexyl acetate has been obtained as an intermediate product in the preparation of 3-mercaptohexyl butyrate. 3-Acetylthiohexyl acetate, 3-butanoylthiohexyl butanoate and 3-hexanoylthiohexyl hexanoate have furthermore been described as by-products in syntheses (K.-H. Engel and R. Tressl in J. Agric. Food Chem. 39, 2251, 1991). 
     However, statements on the properties of these compounds in terms of smell and flavour have not been made in any of the cases. Statements on the physical properties are to be found only for 3-acetylthiohexyl acetate. This is described as &#34;readily volatile and removable with the solvent&#34; (G. Heusinger and A. Mosandl in Tetrahedron Letters 25, 507, 1984). 
     It has now been found, surprisingly, that the 3-acylthiohexyl esters of the formula I have interesting organoleptic properties which render them valuable aroma and odoriferous substances. The compounds have a considerably better adhesion and stability here than the corresponding free thiols and are distinguished by an intensive smell and flavour of tropical fruits. 
     The compounds I according to the invention can be employed here both as a racemic mixture and in an enantioselectively concentrated or in an optically pure form. 
     3-Propionylthiohexyl propionate, 3-acetylthiohexyl propionate, 3-propionylthiohexyl acetate and 3-acetylthiohexyl acetate are particularly preferred. 
     In addition to the specific classification in the direction of tropical fruit, the compounds are particularly suitable for intensifying the fullness and having a rounding-off action in fruit aroma compositions. 
     The aroma compositions prepared using the compounds to be used according to the invention can be employed in the entire foodstuffs and luxury goods sector. They are particularly suitable for fruit formulations, fatty compositions, baked goods, yoghurt, ice cream, confectionery and fruit juice formulations. 
     The 3-acylthiohexyl esters to be used according to the invention can be employed in amounts of 1 ppb to 1% by weight, preferably 5 ppb to 50% by weight, based on the ready-to-eat foodstuff. 
     On the basis of their good adhesion and their good stability, the compounds to be used according to the invention furthermore are outstandingly suitable for use in odoriferous compositions. 
     The 3-acylthiohexyl esters to be used according to the invention have an advantageous effect in a wide range of fragrance notes, for example those of the blossomy-fruity type. They can be employed for the entire range of perfuming. As well as in fine perfumery, such compositions are employed in particular for perfuming cosmetics, such as creams, lotions, aerosols, toilet soaps, industrial perfumery articles (air fresheners, diesel, benzine, heating oil, polyurethane foam, latex, PVC, insecticides), softeners, detergents, disinfectants and textile treatment compositions. 
     The 3-acylthiohexyl esters I to be used according to the invention can be prepared, for example, by esterification of 3-mercaptohexanol ##STR3## or of 3-mercaptohexyl esters ##STR4## 
     One-stage esterification of 3-mercaptohexanol is suitable above all for the cases where two identical acyl radicals are desired. Two-stage synthesis from 3-mercaptohexanol via the 3-mercaptohexyl ester as an intermediate stage is preferably chosen if two different acyl radicals are desired; in this case, the hydroxyl group is first esterified, if appropriate the resulting ester is freed from by-products, and the mercapto group is then esterified. 
     Suitable carboxylic acid derivatives for the esterification are, above all, acid chlorides and anhydrides; the amounts are preferably 1 to 3 mol per mol of OH or SH of the component to be esterified. If acid chlorides are used, bases, such as, for example, triethylamine, dimethylbenzylamine or pyridine, can be added as acid-trapping agents. The esterifications can take place in the presence or absence of organic solvents; preferred solvents include, for example, ethers, such as diethyl and dibutyl ether, aromatics, such as toluene and xylene, and halogenoaromatics, such as chlorobenzene. Preferred reaction temperatures are in the range from 50° to 150° C. The reaction mixtures can be worked up by customary methods. 
    
    
     EXAMPLES 
     A. Preparation 
     Preparation of 3-propionylthiohexyl propionate 
     1.2 mol of propionic anhydride are initially introduced into the reaction vessel and are heated up to 90° C. 0.5 mol of 3-mercaptohexanol is then metered in and the mixture is heated at 140° C. for a further 2 hours. It is allowed to cool to 50° C., 50 ml of methanol are added and the mixture is stirred at this temperature for 1 hour. Methanol and methyl propionate are then first distilled off as first runnings, in order then to distill the 3-propionylthiohexyl propionate in vacuo, boiling point (2.2 mbar): 113° C. 
     The following compounds, for example, can be prepared analogously to this process: 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl acetate 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl propionate 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl butyrate 
     3-Propionylthiohexyl acetate 
     3-Butyrylthiohexyl acetate 
     3-Butyrylthiohexyl butyrate 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl caproate 
     3-Hexylthiohexyl acetate 
     3-Hexylthiohexyl caproate 
     3-Isobutyrylthiohexyl acetate 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl isobutyrate 
     3-Isobutyrylthiohexyl isobutyrate 
     B. Sensorial analysis 
     Flavour descriptions determined by a test panel of 6 specially trained testers for some of the compounds I when used in 0.5% strength by weight aqueous sugar solution are: 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl acetate 
     when added in an amount of 100 ppb: tropical, fruity, passion fruit, fullness 
     3-Propionylthiohexyl propionate 
     when added in an amount of 100 ppb: tropical, fruity, passion fruit, fullness 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl butyrate 
     when added in an amount of 500 ppb: tropical, sweet, fruity 
     3-Acetylthiohexyl caproate 
     when added in an amount of 500 ppb: tropical, passion fruit, adheres 
     C. Use 
     Use Example 1 
     A fruit aroma composition is prepared by mixing the following constituents: 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
             Parts by weight                                              
______________________________________                                    
Propylene glycol                                                          
               490                                                        
Ethyl butyrate 200                                                        
Ethyl caproate 100                                                        
Hexyl caproate  75                                                        
Hexyl butyrate  50                                                        
Hexanol         40                                                        
3Z-Hexenol      20                                                        
Caproic acid    10                                                        
Linalool        5                                                         
Benzyl acetate  5                                                         
Benzaldehyde    2                                                         
Damascenone     1                                                         
α-Damascone                                                         
                1                                                         
γ-Decalactone                                                       
                1                                                         
               1000                                                       
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     By addition of 1-10 parts by weight of 3-propionylthiohexyl propionate, the aroma acquires a significant intensification of flavour in the direction of tropical fruit. 
     Use Example 2 
     A perfume composition is prepared by mixing the following components: 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
                Parts by weight                                           
______________________________________                                    
2-Phenoxyethyl i-butyrate                                                 
                  200                                                     
Terpineol         150                                                     
Linalool          150                                                     
alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde                                                  
                  100                                                     
Orange oil        100                                                     
Triethyl citrate   65                                                     
Citronellyl acetate                                                       
                   50                                                     
Hexyl salicylate   50                                                     
Bergamot oil       30                                                     
Ylang ylang oil    25                                                     
Ambrosia           25                                                     
Citral             20                                                     
Lilial             10                                                     
Pyroprunate        10                                                     
Aldehyde C16, so-called                                                   
                   5                                                      
Mandarin oil       5                                                      
Allylionone        2                                                      
Vertocitral        2                                                      
Farenal            1                                                      
                  1000                                                    
______________________________________                                    
 
    
     By addition of 1-10 parts by weight of 3-propionylthiohexyl propionate, the composition acquires a significant intensification of smell in the direction of tropical fruit. 
     D. Physical values of some compounds 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
                 n.sub.D.sup.20                                           
                       bp (°C./mbar)                               
______________________________________                                    
3-Acetylthiohexyl acetate                                                 
                   1.4677  90/4                                           
3-Propionylthiohexyl propionate                                           
                   1.4660  113/2.2                                        
3-Acetylthiohexyl butyrate                                                
                   1.4651  111/4                                          
3-Acetylthiohexyl caproate                                                
                   1.4656  120/0.7                                        
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     E. IR spectra of some compounds 
     
         ______________________________________                                    
Wave number    Intensity                                                  
______________________________________                                    
3-Acetylthiohexyl acetate                                                 
2959           m                                                          
2933           m                                                          
1737           s                                                          
1689           s                                                          
1426           w                                                          
1366           m                                                          
1250           s                                                          
1112           m                                                          
1038           m                                                          
 957           w                                                          
3-Butyrylthiohexyl acetate                                                
2962           m                                                          
2934           m                                                          
1738           s                                                          
1689           s                                                          
1467           w                                                          
1366           w                                                          
1250           s                                                          
1116           m                                                          
1038           m                                                          
 990           w                                                          
3-Acetylthiohexyl butyrate                                                
2959           m                                                          
2933           m                                                          
1736           s                                                          
1689           s                                                          
1429           w                                                          
1366           m                                                          
1250           s                                                          
1112           m                                                          
1037           m                                                          
 958           w                                                          
3-Propionylthiohexyl acetate                                              
2958           m                                                          
2936           m                                                          
1737           s                                                          
1691           s                                                          
1460           w                                                          
1366           m                                                          
1250           s                                                          
1091           m                                                          
1036           m                                                          
 939           s                                                          
3-Acetylthiohexyl propionate                                              
2958           m                                                          
2935           m                                                          
1736           s                                                          
1690           s                                                          
1464           w                                                          
1355           m                                                          
1187           s                                                          
1111           m                                                          
1036           w                                                          
 960           w                                                          
3-Propionylthiohexyl propionate                                           
2958           m                                                          
2939           m                                                          
2874           m                                                          
1737           s                                                          
1693           s                                                          
1462           w                                                          
1186           m                                                          
1088           w                                                          
1021           w                                                          
 939           m                                                          
3-Butyrylthiohexyl butyrate                                               
2961           s                                                          
2933           m                                                          
2873           m                                                          
1734           s                                                          
1688           s                                                          
1465           m                                                          
1362           m                                                          
1180           s                                                          
1114           m                                                          
 989           m                                                          
3-Isobutyrylthiohexyl acetate                                             
 861           m                                                          
 977           m                                                          
1037           m                                                          
1250           s                                                          
1365           m                                                          
1468           m                                                          
1688           s                                                          
1738           s                                                          
2934           m                                                          
2966           m                                                          
3-Acetylthiohexyl isobutyrate                                             
1114           m                                                          
1161           s                                                          
1196           m                                                          
1353           m                                                          
1469           m                                                          
1690           s                                                          
1732           s                                                          
2874           m                                                          
2934           m                                                          
2961           m                                                          
3-Isobutyrylthiohexyl isobutyrate                                         
 861           m                                                          
 976           m                                                          
1160           m                                                          
1193           m                                                          
1468           m                                                          
1689           s                                                          
1734           s                                                          
2874           m                                                          
2934           m                                                          
2970           m                                                          
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 (w = weak, m = moderate, s = strong)