Patent Publication Number: US-2023161195-A1

Title: Lighting apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/646,642, filed Dec. 30, 2021; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/950,412, filed Nov. 17, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,243,428, issued Feb. 8, 2022; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/165,536, filed Oct. 19, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,877,313, issued Dec. 29, 2020; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/965,211, filed Apr. 27, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,139,054, issued Nov. 27, 2018; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/056,068, filed Feb. 29, 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,982,849, issued May 29, 2018; which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/110,084, filed Oct. 4, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,279,546, issued Mar. 8, 2016; which is the U.S. National Stage application of International Patent Application No. PCT/KR2012/002532, filed Apr. 4, 2012; which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of Korean Patent Application Nos. 10-2011-0030697, filed Apr. 4, 2011; 10-2011-0070270, filed Jul. 15, 2011; 10-2012-0017280, filed Feb. 21, 2012; and 10-2012-0017282, filed Feb. 21, 2012, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     Embodiments of the present invention relate to a lighting apparatus using an LED as a light source, and more particular, to a lighting apparatus having a thin structure that can be applied to interior illumination, lamps for vehicles, backlighting apparatus, and liquid crystal displays. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     A device that performs illumination by guiding light emitted from a light source are required in various ways for lighting lamps, lamps for vehicles, and liquid crystal displays. A technology of making the structure of equipment thin, and a structure that can increase light efficiency are considered as the most important technologies in lighting apparatus. 
     A liquid crystal display equipped with the lighting apparatus is exemplified and described as follows. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , in a lighting apparatus  1 , a flat light guide plate  30  is disposed on a substrate  20  and a plurality of side type LEDs  10  (only one shown) is arrayed on the sides of the light guide plate  30 . 
     Light L entering the light guide plate  30  from the LEDs  10  is reflected upward from a fine reflection pattern or a reflective sheet  40  under the light guide plate  30  and travels out through the light guide plate  30 , such that an LCD panel  50  above the light guide plate is provided with light. 
     In the structure of the lighting apparatus, as shown in the conceptual view of  FIG.  2   , a plurality of optical sheets, such as a diffusion sheet  31  or prism sheets  32 ,  33 , or a protective sheet  34 , may be further disposed between the light guide plate  30  and the LCD panel  50 . 
     Accordingly, since the light guide plate is basically used as a necessary component in the lighting apparatus, there is a limit in reducing the entire thickness of a product due to the thickness of the light guide plate, and the image quality decreases in a lighting apparatus with a large area. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a lighting apparatus that makes it possible to improve the reflectivity and luminance as much as possible and to increase the luminance without increasing the thickness of the lighting apparatus or the number of light sources by being equipped with a reflecting unit having an spaced area on the surface of a printed circuit board, and to increase adjustment of light and a reflective efficiency as large as possible by using a pattern design of a spacer that defines the spaced area. 
     Another embodiment of the present invention is to provide a reliable product that makes it possible to reduce the number of light sources, decrease the entire thickness of a lighting apparatus, and make the design of the product freer, by removing a light guide plate that is a necessary component in the structure of a common lighting apparatus and implementing a structure that guides light sources by using a film type of resin layer. 
     Technical Solution 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a lighting apparatus includes: a plurality of LEDs mounted on a printed circuit board; and a reflecting unit stacked on the printed circuit board, with the LEDs through the reflecting unit, in which the reflective unit includes a reflective member containing metal attached to the surface of the printed circuit board or a first reflective member made of white PET(white polyethylen terephthalate); and a transparent second reflective member spaced from the first reflective member and defining the spaced area. 
     Therefore, it is possible to increase luminance without increasing the thickness of the lighting apparatus or the number of light sources while maximizing improvement of reflectivity and luminance of light by forming the reflecting unit having the spaced area and made of the metal reflective materials and the white PET(white polyethylen terephthalate) on the surface of the printed circuit board, and to maximize the adjustment and reflective efficiency of light by using the pattern design of the spaced member (spacer). 
     Advantageous Effects 
     In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to maximize improvement of reflectivity and luminance of light by using a metal reflective unit or white PET(white polyethylen terephthalate) for a reflecting unit having an spaced area on the surface of a printed circuit board, to increase luminance without increasing the thickness of the lighting apparatus or the number of light sources, and to adjust light and maximize the reflective efficiency by using the pattern design of the spaced member (spacer) defining the spaced area. 
     Further, it is possible to inhibit hot spot and warm portion generated at a light shield pattern portion by defining a spaced area by forming an optical pattern layer having an optical pattern and patterning a bonding material, to implement a lighting apparatus without a difference in optical properties and ensuring reliability between the bonding material and the bonded components, and to accurately align the components. 
     Further, it is possible to increase diffusion and uniformity of light in the optical properties of the lighting apparatus by disposing a spaced module having a spaced layer patterned on the diffusion member or formed by a specific member. 
     Further, it is possible to reduce the number of light sources, decrease the entire thickness of the lighting apparatus, and make the design of the product freedom, by removing a light guide plate that is necessary in a common lighting apparatus and guiding light sources with a film type of resin layer. 
     In particular, it is possible to ensure optical properties while greatly reducing the number of light sources by mounting side type of light emitting diode in a vertical type, apply the lighting apparatus to a flexible display by removing a light guide plate, and ensure a stable emission property by disposing a reflective member including a reflective pattern and a diffusion member including a spaced layer on a resin layer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS.  1  and  2    are conceptual views showing the structure of a lighting apparatus of the related art. 
         FIG.  3    is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention. 
         FIG.  4    is a view showing an example of a spaced member of a reflecting unit included in the lighting apparatus of the present invention shown in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  5    is a conceptual view showing an example of a reflecting unit according to the present invention. 
         FIG.  6    is a table showing the result of comparing efficiencies of reflecting unit according to the present invention. 
         FIG.  7    is a view showing another embodiment of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention. 
         FIG.  8    is a view showing another embodiment of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention. 
         FIGS.  9 A- 10 D  are views showing various examples of an optical pattern layer and a diffusion member according to the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS 
     Configuration and operation according to the present invention are described hereafter in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description referring to the accompanying drawings, the same components are given the same reference numerals in the figures and the description is not provided. The terms, ‘first’ and ‘second’ etc., can be used to describe various components, but the components are not limited to the terms. Terms described in the specification is used to discriminate one component from other components. 
     The present invention has been designed to improve reflectivity and luminance by disposing a reflecting unit having a spaced area under an LED in a lighting apparatus using the LED as a light source. In particular, in the structure of a lighting apparatus of the related art, the present invention provides a structure that makes it possible to improve optical properties by an optical pattern layer for implementing a spaced area by patterning a bonding material (bonding pattern layer) or a spaced module having a spaced layer by patterning a diffusion member or using a specific member, and particularly, to greatly reduce the entire thickness of the lighting apparatus by removing a light guide plate and forming a resin layer instead of the light guide plate and to reduce the number of light sources. 
     Further, the lighting apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to a backlighting apparatus of the liquid crystal display described above. That is, the present invention can be obviously applied to various lamps that require lighting, such as lamps for vehicles, home lighting devices, and industrial lighting devices. The lamps for vehicles are obviously the headlight, interior and exterior lamps, and rear light. 
     1. 1. First Embodiment 
       FIG.  3    is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the main parts of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , a lighting apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of LEDs  130  disposed on a printed circuit board  110  and a reflecting unit  120  stacked on the printed circuit board  110 , with the LEDs  130  through it, on the printed circuit board  110 . In particular, a spaced area A 1  is defined inside the reflecting unit  120  in this configuration. The spaced area A 1  can maximize luminance by increasing the reflective efficiency of light out of the light sources  130 . 
     In particular, the reflecting unit  120  may include a first reflective member  121  attached to the surface of the printed circuit board  110  and a second reflective member  122  made of a transparent material for forming the spaced area A 1  and spaced apart from the first reflective member  121 . The first and second reflective members  121  and  122  are stacked on the printed circuit board and the LEDs  130  protrude outward through holes formed through the reflective members. 
     The spaced area A 1  makes it possible to form the first and second reflective members  121  and  122  in an integral pressed structure without using a specific adhesive, and as shown in the figure, the first and second reflective members  121  and  122  may be spaced apart from each other to define the spaced area A 1  filled with air, by a spaced member  123  such as a specific bonding member. 
     In this structure, the first reflective member  121  may be a film with a reflective material that reflects light, such as a metal layer made of Ag and the second reflective member  122  is preferably a film made of a transparent material such that the light from the LEDs travels and reflects again from the surface of the first reflective member  122 . In particular, the first reflective member  121  is a reflective structure that reflects light, and particularly, the first reflective member  121  is preferably made of white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) in the present invention. That is, the first reflective member may be implemented by a common metal reflective material layer (Ag etc.) in the specific reflective unit according to the present invention, but white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) may be used to maximally improve the luminance. It is possible to improve the luminance by about 30% in comparison to the related art, when the first reflective member is made of white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) to implement the reflecting unit. 
     In particular, it is further preferable to provide a reflective pattern  124  by printing white on the surface of the second reflective member  122  such that the luminance can be improved by further diffusing light, in addition to allowing the light emitted from the light sources  130  to reflect again from the second reflective member after passing through the first reflective member. A reflective pattern  130  is provided to greatly improve reflectivity of light and may be printed with reflective ink containing any one of TiO 2 , CaCO 3 , BaSO 4 , Al 2 O 3 , Silicon, and PS. 
     In particular, various light sources may be used for the light sources of the lighting apparatus according to the present invention, and preferably, side emission type of LEDs may be used, in which the reflective pattern is preferable formed in the emission direction of the LEDs and particularly, it may be disposed such that the pattern density increases with the increase in distance from the LEDs in the emission direction. Using the side emission type of LEDs makes it possible to considerably reduce the number of light sources. 
       FIG.  4    is a view showing an example of a spaced member of a reflecting unit included in the lighting apparatus of the present invention shown in  FIG.  3   . 
     That is, the spaced member according to the present invention may be a common member that defines an spaced area by spacing the first reflective member and the second reflective member, such as a spacer that simply spacing them or an adhesive spacer, but preferably, the spaced member may be formed by uniformly or randomly patterning a structure patterned in the structure shown in  FIG.  4    in order to increase a bonding efficiency and efficiently arranging the spaced area. 
     The spaced member  123  shown in  FIG.  4    has hollow unit spaced members  123   a  and may be implemented in a two- or three-dimensional structure with first spaced portions  123   b  by the hollow structure of the unit spaced members  123   a . That is, the unit spaced member  123   a  may have various cross-sections such as a polygon, a circle, and an ellipse. The unit spaced members  123  are arranged in contact with each other in the figures, but may be non-uniformly arranged such that second spaced portions  123   c  which are empty are formed between the unit spaced members  123   a , with the first spaced portions  123   b  of the unit spaced members  123   a  formed. 
       FIG.  5    is a view showing a detailed example of the reflecting unit described in detail with reference to  FIGS.  3  and  4   . The reflecting unit  120  according to the present invention, as described above, includes the first reflective member attached to the surface of the printed circuit board and the second reflective member  122  spaced from and opposite the first reflective member. In particular, a film made of a transparent material such as PET, or the like, may be used as the second reflective member  122  and the spaced member  123  spacing the first and second reflective members  121  and  122  is formed by patterning a bonding material, thereby defining the spaced area. 
     In particular, in order to maximize the reflectivity the first reflective member  121  has an optical film  126  bonded by a metal reflective layer  125  that is adhesives (primer) T 1  and T 2 , in which the optical film  126  may also be stacked on a release film  128  through a bonding material (PSA)  127 . 
     In the structure shown in  FIG.  5   , unlike the embodiment of the first reflective member, the first reflective member  121  may be formed by using white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) in a reflective structure that reflects light. 
       FIG.  6    is a table for comparing the degrees of improvement of luminance in a lighting apparatus when the reflecting unit according to the present invention is implemented (CIE X and CIE Y are color coordinates). 
     (A) in the table shows luminance measured when only one reflective member made of Ag was formed on the printed circuit board in the structure of  FIG.  3   , (B) shows the resultant value of improvement of luminance, comparing the structure A of the related with the structure of the reflecting unit according to the present invention, that is, when the bonding pattern material was silicon, the pattern of  FIG.  4    was formed, and the first reflective member was made of Ag. 
     Further, (C) shows the resultant value of improvement of luminance compared with the structure of (A) of the related art, when the first reflective member was made of white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate), unlike (B). 
     According to the measured result, when luminance was 6605 nit in (A), luminance was 7468 nit, about 13% improved in the structure of (B), and for (C) in which the reflecting unit contained white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) according to the present invention, luminance was 8472 nit, increased by 28.6% in comparison to (A). That is, it is possible to achieve a result of maximizing the luminance when the structure (spaced area) formed by patterning a bonding material layer is formed and white PET (white polyethylen terephthalate) is used. 
     2. 2. Second Embodiment 
       FIG.  7    is a view showing another embodiment of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention. 
     That is, the second embodiment according to the present invention implements a structure in which a resin layer is stacked on the printed circuit board of the first embodiment. The configuration of the resin layer corresponds to replacing a light guide plate that is used in a light device of a liquid crystal display and performs a function of guiding light emitted from a light source forward. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , a lighting apparatus according to the present invention further includes a plurality of LEDs  130  formed on a printed circuit board  110  and a resin layer  140  that diffuses and guides emitted light toward the front. 
     That is, the resin layer  140  is stacked to surround the LEDs  130  and performs a function of diffusing light emitted to sides from the light sources. That is, the function of a light guide plate of the related art can be performed by the resin layer  140 . 
     Obviously, the resin layer may be basically made of any material as long as the material can diffuse light. For example, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the main material of the resin layer may be resin of which the main material is urethane acrylate oligomer. For example, a substance made by mixing urethane acrylate oligomer that is composite oligomer with a polymer type that is polyacryl. Obviously, a monomer mixed with IBOA (isobornyl acrylate), HPA (Hydroxylpropyl acrylate, or 2-HEA (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate), which is dilutable reactive monomer and a photoinitiator (for example, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl-ketone) or an antioxidant may be mixed, as and additive. 
     Further, the resin layer  140  may include a light diffuser  141  to increase diffusion and reflection of light. It is preferable to contains the light diffuser of 0.01-0.3 wt % of the entire weight of the resin layer. That is, the light emitted to sides from the LED can be diffused and reflected through the resin layer  140  and the light diffuser  141  and travel upward. 
     Therefore, it is possible to further increase the reflection together with the reflecting unit  120  according to the present invention. Accordingly, as the resin layer is disposed, it is possible to reduce the entire thickness of the product by greatly decreasing the thickness of the light guide plate of the related art and to provide common usability for flexible displays because ductility is provided. 
     3. 3. Third Embodiment 
     The structure of a lighting apparatus according to the third embodiment in which an optical pattern layer that promotes light diffusion is formed on the resin layer is described as a structure improved from the structure of the second embodiment. 
     That is, referring to  FIG.  8   , a lighting apparatus according to the present invention can be implemented in a structure including an optical pattern layer  150  disposed on the resin layer  140  and having an optical pattern  151  in the structure shown in  FIG.  7   . 
     In particular, the optical pattern layer  150  may include a bonding pattern layer  150  defining a second air region  152  surrounding the optical pattern. That is, the bonding pattern layer  153  defines a separate space (second spaced area) having a uniform pattern on the optical pattern  151  and an adhesive is applied to the other portions for bonding. 
     That is, in the structure shown in the figure, for the arrangement relationship of the optical pattern layer  150  and the bonding pattern layer  153 , the optical pattern layer  150  includes a first substrate  150 A and a second substrate  150 B which include the optical pattern inside them while the bonding pattern layer  153  is applied to the portions other than the second spaced area  152  surrounding the light shield pattern, such that the first substrate  150 A and the second substrate  150 B are bonded. 
     That is, the optical pattern  151  may be implemented by a light shield pattern formed to inhibit concentration of light emitted from the LED  130 , and for this configuration, it is necessary to align the optical pattern  151  with the LEDs  130 , and an adhesive is applied to ensure a fixing force. 
     The first substrate  150 A and the second substrate  150  B may be made of a material having good light transmissivity, for example PET. In this case, the optical pattern  151  disposed between the first substrate  150 A and the second substrate  150 B basically has a function of inhibiting concentration of light emitted from the LEDs, may be implemented by light shield printing on any one of the first substrate  150 A or the second substrate  150 B, and the substrates can be bonded and aligned by applying an adhesive to surround the light shield pattern. That is, the structure that bonds the first substrate  150 A and the second substrate  150 B makes it possible to achieve a function of fixing the printed light shield pattern  151 . Further, the bonding layer may be made of, for example, thermoset PSA, a thermoset adhesive, or a UV-curable PSA type material. 
     When the bonding pattern layer  153  is formed and bonded in a pattern structure for forming the second spaced area  152 , strong hot spot or arm portion generated when the bonding material overlaps the light shield pattern can be inhibited, and uniformity of light can be increased by a spaced layer. 
     The lighting apparatus having the structure described above, according to the present invention, may include a diffusion member  170  on the resin layer  140 , in addition to the configuration described above, and may further include an spaced module  160  having a third spaced area  161  between the diffusion member  170  and the optical pattern layer  150 . Further, a prism sheet and a protective sheet may be additionally disposed on the diffusion member. 
       FIGS.  9 A- 9 B  are conceptual views showing the configuration of the optical pattern  151  and the bonding pattern layer  153 , and the second spaced area  152  defined by them. 
     When the bonding pattern layer  153  is formed in a structure surrounding the optical pattern  151  printed in a specific pattern on the first substrate by a bonding material, a predetermined separate space is formed and the second substrate  150 B is bonded, such that the separated space is closed with a spaced layer, which is defined as the second spaced area. The plane shape of the first spaced area  152  formed by the bonding pattern layer  153  may be implemented in various shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a square, and a polygon. Further, the bonding pattern layer may be made of, for example, thermoset PSA, a thermoset adhesive, or a UV-curable PSA type material. 
     Further, the optical pattern  151  is preferably formed in a light shield pattern to achieve a partial light shield effect in order to inhibit deterioration of optical properties or yellowish of yellow light due to excessive intensity of light. That is, it is possible to print a light shield pattern by using light shield ink such that light is not concentrated. 
     The optical pattern may be implemented to adjust the degree of blocking light or the degree of diffusion of light in one optical pattern, in order not to completely block light, but partially block and diffuse light. Further, more preferably, the optical pattern according to the present invention may be implemented in an overlap printing structure of a composite pattern. The overlap printing structure is a structure implemented by forming one pattern and printing another pattern shape thereon. 
     For example, the optical pattern  151  may be implemented in an overlap printing structure of a diffusion pattern formed by light shield ink containing any one or more selected from TiO 2 , CaCO 3 , BaSO 4 , Al 2 O 3 , and Silicon on the underside of a macromolecular film in the emission direction of light and a light shied pattern using light shield ink containing Al or a mixture of Al and TiO 2 . That is, a double structure may be possible to form a diffusion pattern on the surface of a macromolecular film by white printing and then forming a light shield pattern thereon, or in the opposite order. Obviously, the design of the pattern may be changed in various ways in consideration of the efficiency and intensity of light, and the light shield rate. Alternatively, a triple structure may be possible by forming a light shield pattern, which is a metal pattern at the middle layer in a sequentially stacked structure, and forming a diffusion pattern on and under the light shield pattern. It is possible to implement the triple structure by selecting the materials, and a preferred example is to implement one of diffusion patterns by using TiO 2  having high a high refractive index and implement the other diffusion pattern by using CaCO 3  and TiO 2  which has high optical stability and tone, such that it is possible to ensure efficiency and uniformity of light by using the triple structure that implements a light shield pattern by using Al that is easily covered. In particular, CaCO 3  finally implements white light by reducing exposure of yellow light such that more stable light having high efficiency can be implemented, and inorganic materials having a similar structure, in which the particle size is large, such as BaSO 4 , Al 2 O 3 , and Silicon light diffusers, may be used, other than CaCO 3 . Further, it is preferable to form the optical pattern by adjusting pattern density such that pattern density decreases as it becomes far from the LED in the emission direction in terms of light efficiency. 
     Further, the inhibit invention may further include an spaced module disposed between the optical pattern layer  150  and the diffusion member  170 . 
       FIGS.  10 A- 10 D  are views showing an example of forming the spaced module disposed between the optical pattern layer  150  and the diffusion member  170  shown in  FIG.  8   . 
     That is, according to the configuration of the lighting apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to add a structure having a spaced layer (third spaced area  160 ) between the optical pattern layer  150  and the diffusion member  170  and to achieve an effect that diffuses light emitted from the light source and improve uniformity of the light by using the third spaced area  160 . Further, it is preferable to make the third spaced area  160  0.01˜2 mm thick in order to minimize a difference of the light passing through the resin layer  140  and the optical pattern layer  150 . 
     The third spaced area  160  may be formed by a structure in which a spaced layer can be formed under the diffusion member and it is determined as an “air gap module”, including the third spaced area implemented by the structure. 
     The spaced module includes both a method of implementing a spaced area (spaced layer) by machining the diffusion member and a configuration of forming a spaced area by forming a specific structure under the diffusion member. 
     That is, as shown in  FIG.  10 A , the third spaced area  160  may be implemented by forming a spacer  171  under the diffusion member  170 , or as shown in  FIG.  10 B , the third spaced area  160  may be implemented in the structure of a bridge  172  by patterning the lower portion of the diffusion member and attaching it to the lower layer. 
     The integral structure may be modified in various ways in accordance with the patterned shape, that is, the pattern of forming the spaced area, and accordingly the shape of the bridge may be modified in various ways, which is also included in the spirit of the present invention. Further, as in the structure shown in  FIG.  10 C , it may be implemented in a structure of forming the spaced area  160  by using a specific structure, other than the method of patterning the underside of the diffusion member. Obviously, the structure is a structure of forming the bridge  174  with a spacer member and the spirit of the present invention includes this method, such that various modified examples that can implement a spaced layer under the diffusion member also correspond to the spirit of the present invention. 
     As shown in  FIG.  10 D , similar to the configuration of  FIG.  10 B  that patterns the diffusion member or the configuration of  FIG.  10 C  that uses a specific structure, it may be possible to form the spaced areas  160  and  161  in a plurality of layers by using the structures  175  and  176  that can implement independent spaced layers. 
     The lighting apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to an LCD by the following configuration and operation. In the lighting apparatus according to the present invention, the LEDs  130  may be side emission type of LEDs. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , light is emitted to sides from the side emission type of LED  130 , the emitted light is reflected and diffused by the resin layer  140  formed instead of a light guide plate of the related art, the light is inhibited from being concentrated by the optical pattern layer  150 , and a difference o flight can be minimized by the third spaced area formed under the diffusion member. In particular, the reflectivity can be further improved by the reflecting unit  120  according to the present invention which is disposed between the resin layer  140  and the printed circuit board  110 , such that efficiency of light can be maximized and luminance can be improved. In particular, in the reflecting unit  120  according to the present unit, it is possible to adjust the reflectivity by varying the design for implementing the spaced areas by patterning the bonding material layer while it is possible to implement different reflectivity and colors in accordance with the type. Further, it is possible to adjust the reflectivity in accordance with the optical property and thickness of the second reflective member  122 . 
     Consequently, the reflective efficiency of the light from the reflecting unit  120  and the reflective pattern  124  according to the present invention increases, such that it is possible to guide the light forward. The light passing through the resin layer  140 , as described above, is diffused or blocked by the optical pattern  151  formed on the optical pattern layer  150  and the optical property of the refined light is refined again through the spaced module formed under the diffusion member, such that the uniformity can be increased, and the light travels into the LCD panel in white light through the optical sheets, such as the additional prism sheet  180  and the DBEF  190 . 
     As described above, it is possible to maximize the reflective efficiency by the structure having the spaced areas of the reflecting unit in the lighting apparatus according to the present invention, and to reduce the thickness and the number of light sources by removing the structure f a light guide plate, applying side emission type of LEDs for the light sources, and guiding light to be diffused and reflected by the resin layer. Meanwhile, it is possible to improve optical properties by making it possible to control reduction of luminance and uniformity due to the decrease of the light sources by using the reflective pattern, the light shield pattern, and the spaced areas of the spaced module. 
     The detailed embodiments of the present invention were described above. However, it is possible to modify the present invention in various ways without departing from the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described above, but determined by equivalents to claims, in addition to claims. 
     INDUSTRIALLY AVAILABILITY 
     The present invention according to the present invention can be applied to various lamps that require lighting, such as lamps for vehicles, home lighting devices, and industrial lighting devices. The lamps for vehicles are obviously the headlight, interior and exterior lamps, and rear light.