Patent Publication Number: US-2023155291-A1

Title: Antenna device

Description:
CROSS - REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority to China Application Serial Number 202111348648.4, filed Nov. 15, 2021, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Field of Invention 
     The present invention relates to an antenna device. Especially, the present invention relates to an antenna device with a Multi-Input and Multi-Output (MIMO) system. 
     Description of Related Art 
     The 5th generation mobile networks (5G) have dramatically developed, and multi-input and multi-output systems (MIMO) which are applied to smart phones, laptops, and tablets have been arrangement targets for the industries. How to dispose multi-antenna devices in a limited space, keep the multi-antenna devices with good performance and easy fabrication, and modularize antenna devices have become critical issues of product sales. 
     Therefore, how to provide a antenna device that is small in size, simple in process, and widely used in multiple frequency bands has become a research target for private enterprises and academic institutions to invest a lot of money, manpower, and time. 
     SUMMARY 
     The invention provides an antenna device includes a first insulation layer, a defected metal layer, a second insulation layer, and a plurality of radiators. The defected metal layer is disposed on the first insulation layer, and the defected metal layer has a plurality of recess features which are arranged with uniform pitches. The second insulation layer is disposed on the first insulation layer and the defected metal layer. The radiators are disposed on the second insulation layer, and each radiator has a feeding portion and a grounding portion. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the recess features comprise linear first recesses and linear second recesses, and the first recesses extend along a first direction and are spaced apart from each other. The second recesses extend along a second direction and are spaced apart from each other, and the first and second recesses are intersected to form cross lattice patterns. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, each first recess has a first width, and each second recess has a second width. A ratio of the first width to the second width ranges from 1 to 5. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the first width ranges from 0.15 mm to 0.25 mm, and the second width ranges from 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the grounding portions of the first radiators respectively extend through intersections wherein the first recesses crossing the second recesses respectively. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the antenna device of claim 1 further includes a grounding metal layer, and the grounding metal layer is disposed below the first insulation layer, the grounding portion of each radiator is electrically connected to the grounding metal layer. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the grounding portion of each radiator penetrates the first insulation layer and the second insulation layer. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiators include a plurality of first F-shaped radiators, and each first F-shaped radiator includes a free end. The free ends of two of the first F-shaped radiators and the free ends of another two of the first F-shaped radiators respectively face towards opposite directions of a first axial direction. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiators include a plurality of second F-shaped radiators, and each of the second F-shaped radiators includes a free end. The free ends of two of the second F-shaped radiators and the free ends of another two of the second F-shaped radiators respectively face towards opposite directions of a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the first F-shaped radiators are disposed between the two and the another two of the second F-shaped radiators. 
     Another aspect of the present invention relates to an antenna device including a first insulation layer, a defected metal layer, a second insulation layer, and a plurality of radiators. The defected metal layer is disposed on the first insulation layer, and the defected metal layer has a plurality of recess features which are arranged with uniform pitches. The recess features include linear first recesses and liner second recesses which respectively cross the first recesses. The second insulation layer is disposed on the first insulation layer and the defected metal layer. The radiators are disposed on the second insulation layer, and each radiator has a feeding portion and a grounding portion. 
     In embodiments of the present invention, isolations between radiators of the antenna device in the present invention is outstanding. For instance, the isolation among the radiators is at least -15 dB, so the antenna device can be used in 3.5 Ghz of frequency band. In addition, a defected metal layer can prevent the radiators from being affected by metal conductors around the radiators, so the antenna device can operate in multiple frequency bands under various circumstances. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are by examples, and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention can be more fully understood by reading the following detailed description of the embodiment, with reference made to the accompanying drawings as follows: 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a schematic view of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a top view of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a schematic view of a first insulation layer and a defected metal layer in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates an enlarged view of the dotted square E in  FIG.  3   . 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a positional relationship about a defected metal layer and radiators of an antenna device from a top view in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  6    illustrates a cross section view taken from a cross section line 6-6 in  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a schematic view of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  8    illustrates a partial schematic view of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG.  9    illustrates a return loss diagram of an antenna device in accordance with some embodiments of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts. 
     Reference is made to  FIGS.  1 - 5   .  FIG.  1    illustrates a schematic view of an antenna device  100 , and the antenna device  100  includes a first insulation layer  110 , a defected metal layer  130 , a second insulation layer  150 , and a plurality of radiators  170 .  FIG.  2    illustrates a top view of the antenna device  100 .  FIG.  3    illustrates a schematic view of the first insulation layer  110  and the defected metal layer  130  of the antenna device  100 .  FIG.  4    illustrates an enlarged view of the dotted square E in  FIG.  3   .  FIG.  5    illustrates a positional relationship about the defected metal layer  130  and the radiators  170  of the antenna device  100  from a top view, and the second insulation layer  150  is neglected. In some embodiments of the present invention, the defected metal layer  130  is located on the first insulation layer  110 , and the defected metal layer  130  has a plurality of recession features  131  which are arranged with uniform pitches. In addition, the second insulation layer  150  is located on the first insulation layer  110  and the defected metal layer  130 , and the radiators  170  are located on the second insulation layer  150 . Each radiator  170  includes a feeding portion  171  and a grounding portion  173 . The defected metal layer  130  is configured to influence a current path of the radiators  170  and prevent the radiators  170  from being affected by each other or any metallic conductor around the radiators  170  such that the antenna device  100  can operate in multiple frequency bands. The present invention is not limited in this respect. 
     Specifically, the first insulation layer  110  and the second insulation layer  150  include an insulation material such as epoxy and or glass fiber, and the present invention is not limited in this respect. In addition, the defected metal layer  130  and the radiators  170  includes metallic material such as copper and copper alloy. The defected metal layer  130  can be manufactured by a laser cutting process, an etching process, or a machining process, and the radiators  170  are antennas with F-shaped metal planar structures. The present invention is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the recess features  131  of the defected metal layer  130  includes a plurality of first recesses  131   a  which are linear and a plurality of second recesses  131   b  which are linear, and the first recesses  131   a  which are spaced apart from each other straightly extend along a first axial direction X, in which the first recesses  131   a  are equally spaced apart. The second recesses  131   b  which are spaced apart from each other straightly extend along a second axial direction Y which is perpendicular to the first axial direction X, and the second recesses  131   b  are equally spaced, in which the first recesses  131   a  and the second recesses  131   b  are intersected to form cross lattice patterns. In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding portion  171  of each radiator  170  is electrically connected to a signal feed-in source, and the grounding portion  173  of each radiator  170  is electrically connected to a grounding source. Reference is made to  FIG.  6    which illustrates a cross section view taken from a cross section line 6-6 in  FIG.  1   . The grounding portions  173  of the radiators  170  extend through the first recesses  131   a  and/ or the second recesses  131   b . For instance, the grounding portions of the radiators  170  are respectively disposed at intersections wherein the first recesses  131   a  crossing the second recesses respectively, and the grounding portions  173  of the radiators  170  penetrate the first insulation layer  110  and the second insulation layer  150  to be in contact with the grounding metal layer  190 . 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, each first recess  131   a  has a first width W 1 , and each second recess  131   b  has a second width W 2 . The first width W 1  is greater than the second width W 2 , and a ratio of the first width W 1  to the second width W 2  ranges from 1 to 5. In embodiments of the present invention, a ratio of the first width W 1  to the second width W 2  ranges from 1.5 to 3.5. For instance, a ratio of the first width W 1  to the second width W 2  is 2. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first width W 1  ranges from 0.15 millimeters to 0.25 millimeters, and the second width W 2  ranges from 0.05 millimeters to 0.15 millimeters. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first width W 1  is about 0.2 millimeters, and the second width W 2  is about 0.1 millimeters. The present invention is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiators  170  includes four F-shaped radiators  170 , and each F-shaped radiator  170  includes a free end  175 . Two of the free ends  175  of the F-shaped radiators  170  and another two of the free ends  175  of the F-shaped radiators  175  respectively face towards opposite directions in the first axial direction. In addition, two of the F-shaped radiators  170  are aligned with each other along the first axial direction X, and another two of the radiators  170  are aligned with each other along the second axial direction Y. Therefore, four of the F-shaped radiators  170  are in a mirror symmetry, and the present invention is not limited in this respect. Specifically, the feeding portion  171  and the grounding portion  173  of the radiators  170  extends toward the same direction, and the free end  175  faces towards a different direction from the direction toward which the feeding portion  171  and the grounding portion  173  extend. For instance, the free end  175  face towards a direction perpendicular to the direction toward which the feeding portion  171  and the grounding portion  173  extend. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, the antenna device  100  further includes the grounding metal layer  190 , and the grounding metal layer  190  is disposed beneath the first insulation layer  110 . The grounding metal layer  190  is electrically connected to the radiators  170  to provide a grounding function. In addition, the antenna device  100  includes a conductive path which is in the first insulation layer  110  and the second insulation layer  150 , and the conductive path can include a metal conductive wire such as copper conductive wire. The metal conductive wire penetrates the first insulation layer  110  and the second insulation layer  150  such that the grounding portion  173  of the F-shaped radiators  170  is in contact with the conductive path and connected to the grounding metal layer  190  via the conductive path. Specifically, the grounding metal layer  190  is a flat metal foil, and the grounding metal layer  190  includes a metallic material such as copper and copper alloy. The present invention is not limited in this respect. 
     Reference is made to  FIGS.  7 - 8   .  FIG.  7    illustrates a schematic view of the antenna device  100 .  FIG.  8    illustrates a positional relationship between the defected metal layer  130  and the radiators  170 , and  FIG.  8    neglects the second insulation layer  150 . In some embodiments of the present invention, the radiators  170  includes four first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and four second F-shaped radiators  170   b , and the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  are located between two and another two of the second F-shaped radiators  170   b , in which the second F-shaped radiators  170   b  surround the first F-shaped radiators  170   a . In addition, two free ends  175  of two of the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and two free ends  175  of another two of the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  respectively face toward opposite directions in the first axial direction X. The second F-shaped radiators  170   b  further include free ends  175 , and the free ends  175  of two of the second F-shaped radiators  170   b  and the free ends  175  of another two of the second F-shaped radiators  170   b  respectively face toward opposite directions in the second axial direction Y. The present invention is not limited in this respect. 
     In some embodiments of the present invention, two of the four first F-shaped radiators  170   a  are aligned along the first axial direction X, and two of the four first F-shaped radiators  170   a  are aligned along the second axial direction Y such that the four first F-shaped radiators  170   a  are in mirror symmetry. In addition, two of the four second F-shaped radiators  170   b  are aligned along the first axial direction X, and two of the four second F-shaped radiators  170   b  are aligned along the second axial direction Y such that the four second F-shaped radiators  170   b  are in mirror symmetry. Specifically, the four first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and the four second F-shaped radiators  170   b  are also in mirror symmetry. 
     Reference is made to  FIG.  9   .  FIG.  9    illustrates a return loss diagram regarding the antenna device  100  in  FIGS.  7 - 8   , and a curved line S 1  and a curved line S 2  respectively represent the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and the second F-shaped radiators  170   b . As known from  FIG.  9   , the antenna device  100  is well applied in 3.5 Ghz of frequency band. In addition, the isolation between the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and the second F-shaped radiators  170   b  is about -15 dB, so the first F-shaped radiators  170   a  and the second F-shaped radiators  170   b  do not negatively affect each other, so as to prevent the antenna device  100  from being affecting and interfering by a metal conductor around the antenna device  100 . 
     In embodiments of the present invention, isolations between radiators of the antenna device in the present invention is outstanding. For instance, the isolation among the radiators is at least -15 dB, so the antenna device can be used in 3.5 Ghz of frequency band. In addition, a defected metal layer can prevent the radiators from being affected by metal conductors around the radiators, so the antenna device can operate in multiple frequency bands under various circumstances. 
     Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments thereof, other embodiments are possible. Therefore, the spirit and scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the description of the embodiments contained herein. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the structure of the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. In view of the foregoing, it is intended that the present invention cover modifications and variations of this invention provided they fall within the scope of the following claims.