Patent Publication Number: US-2021183716-A1

Title: Semiconductor device with a protection mechanism and associated systems, devices, and methods

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/775,163, filed Jan. 28, 2020; which is a division of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/693,230, filed Aug. 31, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,580,710; each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present technology is related to semiconductor devices, and, in particular, to semiconductor devices with a protection mechanism. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Semiconductor devices dies, including memory chips, microprocessor chips, and imager chips, typically include a semiconductor die mounted on another structure (e.g., a substrate, another die, etc.) and encased in a plastic protective covering. The die includes functional features, such as for memory cells, processor circuits, and imager devices, as well as interconnects that are electrically connected to the functional features. The interconnects can be electrically connected to terminals outside the protective covering to connect the die to higher level circuitry. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , a semiconductor device  100  (e.g., a three dimensional interconnect (3DI) type of device or a semiconductor package device) can include a die  102  having die interconnects  104  thereon connected to a substrate structure  106  (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB), a semiconductor or wafer-level substrate, another die, etc.) having substrate interconnects  108  thereon. The die  102  and the substrate structure  106  can be electrically coupled to each other through the die interconnects  104  and the substrate interconnects  108 . Further, the die interconnects  104  and the substrate interconnects  108  can be directly contacted each other (e.g., through a bonding process, such as diffusion bonding or hybrid bonding) or through an intermediate structure (e.g., solder). The semiconductor device  100  can further include an encapsulant, such as an underfill  110 , surrounding or encapsulating the die  102 , the die interconnects  104 , the substrate structure  106 , the substrate interconnects  108 , a portion thereof, or a combination thereof. 
     With technological advancements in other areas and increasing applications, the market is continuously looking for faster and smaller devices. To meet the market demand, physical sizes or dimensions of the semiconductor devices are being pushed to the limit. For example, efforts are being made to reduce a separation distance between the die  102  and the substrate structure  106  (e.g., for 3DI devices and die-stacked packages). 
     However, due to various factors (e.g., viscosity level of the underfill  110 , trapped air/gases, uneven flow of the underfill  110 , space between the interconnets, etc.), the encapsulation process can be unreliable, such as leaving voids  114  between the die  102  and the substrate structure  106  (e.g., with portions of the interconnects failing to directly contact the underfill  110 ). The voids  114  can cause shorting and leakage between the interconnects (e.g., between the substrate interconnect  108  and/or between the die interconnects  104 ), causing an electrical failure for the semiconductor device  100 . Further, as the device grows smaller, the manufacturing cost can grow (e.g., based on using nano-particle underfill instead of traditional underfill). 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor device in accordance with existing technology. 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view along a line  2 - 2  in  FIG. 3  of a semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view of the semiconductor device of  FIG. 2  in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view along a line  4 - 4  in  FIG. 5  of a semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 5  is a plan view of the semiconductor device of  FIG. 4  in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view along a line  6 - 6  in  FIG. 7  of a semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view along a line  7 - 7  in  FIG. 6  of the semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIGS. 8-11  are cross-sectional views illustrating a semiconductor device at selected stages in a manufacturing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIGS. 12-15  are cross-sectional views illustrating a semiconductor device at selected stages in a further manufacturing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 16  is a flow diagram illustrating an example method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. 
         FIG. 17  is a block diagram illustrating a system that incorporates a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The technology disclosed herein relates to semiconductor devices, systems with semiconductor devices, and related methods for manufacturing semiconductor devices. The term “semiconductor device” generally refers to a solid-state device that includes one or more semiconductor materials. Examples of semiconductor devices include logic devices, memory devices, and diodes, among others. Furthermore, the term “semiconductor device” can refer to a finished device or to an assembly or other structure at various stages of processing before becoming a finished device. Depending upon the context in which it is used, the term “substrate” can refer to a structure that supports electronic components (e.g., a die), such as a wafer-level substrate or to a singulated die-level substrate, or another die for die-stacking or 3DI applications. A person having ordinary skill in the relevant art will recognize that suitable steps of the methods described herein can be performed at the wafer-level or at the die level. Furthermore, unless the context indicates otherwise, structures disclosed herein can be formed using conventional semiconductor-manufacturing techniques. Materials can be deposited, for example, using chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, atomic layer deposition, spin coating, and/or other suitable techniques. Similarly, materials can be removed, for example, using plasma etching, wet etching, chemical-mechanical planarization, or other suitable techniques. 
     Many embodiments of the present technology are described below in the context of protecting the semiconductor dies and the associated electrical connections. For example, semiconductor devices (e.g., 3DI packaging solutions) can each include a semiconductor die with die interconnects thereon connected to a substrate structure. To protect the die and the die interconnects (e.g., against environmental factors, such as moisture, debris, etc.), the semiconductor devices can each include a metal (e.g., copper, aluminum, alloy, etc.) enclosure that surrounds the die interconnects along a horizontal plane. The metal enclosure can further extend vertically between and/or directly contacting the die and the substrate to enclose the die interconnects. As such, the semiconductor devices can use the metal enclosure instead of any encapsulants (e.g., underfills) to isolate the die interconnects from surrounding exterior space and/or environment. 
     In some embodiments, the metal enclosure can be formed based on copper-on-copper (Cu—Cu) bonding (e.g., such as based on diffusion bonding techniques). In some embodiments, the metal enclosure can include solder. 
     In some embodiments, each semiconductor device can include multiple enclosures. For example, the semiconductor device can include a set of concentric enclosures. Also for example, the semiconductor device can include a set of enclosures that each have a different shape and/or dimension. Some of the enclosures can be used to carry signals or electrical planes (e.g., for power connection, ground planes, etc.). 
     As used herein, the terms “vertical,” “lateral,” “upper” and “lower” can refer to relative directions or positions of features in the semiconductor die assemblies in view of the orientation shown in the Figures. For example, “upper” or “uppermost” can refer to a feature positioned closer to the top of a page than another feature. These terms, however, should be construed broadly to include semiconductor devices having other orientations, such as inverted or inclined orientations where top/bottom, over/under, above/below, up/down and left/right can be interchanged depending on the orientation. 
       FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view along a line  2 - 2  in  FIG. 3  of a semiconductor device  200  (e.g., a semiconductor die assembly, including a 3DI device or a die-stacked package) in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The semiconductor device  200  can include a semiconductor die  202  (“die  202 ”) mounted on or connected to a substrate  206  (e.g., another die). The die  202  can be electrically connected to the substrate  206  through metal or conductive interconnects  204  (“interconnects  204 ”). In some embodiments, the interconnects  204  can be structures resulting from bonding or joining (e.g., such as through diffusion bonding or hybrid bonding) pillars, pads, or interconnect structures protruding from the die  202  to the corresponding structures protruding from the substrate  206 . 
     The semiconductor device  200  can include a metal (e.g., copper, aluminum, alloy, etc.) enclosure structure  210  (“enclosure  210 ”) that continuously surrounds or encloses the interconnects  204  along a horizontal plane. The enclosure  210  (e.g., a continuous and solid metallic structure that forms a wall peripherally surrounding the interconnects  204 ) can further extend from and directly contact a die bottom surface  222  and a substrate top surface  224  to enclose an internal space  226  (“enclosed space  226 ”). The enclosed space  226  can be vacuum or filled with inert or specific gas except for the interconnects  204  (e.g., without any encapculant material or underfill therein). Accordingly, the enclosure  210  can isolate the interconnects  204  from external space on the outside of the enclosure  210 . 
     In some embodiments, the enclosure  210  can be located at an edge offset distance  228  (e.g., a distance measured along a horizontal direction) from a die periphery edge  230 . In some embodiments, the enclosure  210  can be located such that an edge or a surface thereof is coplanar or coincident with the die periphery edge  230  along a vertical plane or line (e.g., where the edge offset distance  228  is 0). 
       FIG. 3  is a plan view of the semiconductor device  200  of  FIG. 2  in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology.  FIG. 3  can correspond to a bottom view of the semiconductor device  200  without the substrate  206  of  FIG. 2 . As discussed above, the enclosure  210  can encircle a periphery or a perimeter of the interconnects  204  along a plane. 
     For illustrative purposes, the enclosure  210  is shown having a rectangular shape, uniform thickness or width, and concentric with a shape or outline of the die  202 . However, it is understood that the enclosure  210  can be different. For example, the enclosure  210  can have an oval shape, an irregular or asymmetrical shape, or any N-sided polygonal shape. Also for example, the enclosure  210  can have varying thickness or width at different portions. Also for example, the enclosure  210  can be offset or non-concentric with respect to the interconnects  204  or an arrangement thereof, the shape or outline of the die  202 , or a combination thereof. 
     The enclosure  210  provides decrease in overall size of the semiconductor device. Because underfill is not necessary, the bond line thickness can be reduced, leading to a very low packaging height for multiple-die stacking. Further, the enclosure  210  that excludes solder (e.g., solid copper structure, such as resulting from Cu—Cu diffusion bonding) provides decrease in manufacturing cost by eliminating pillar bumping. Also, the enclosure  210  that excludes solder provides reduction in failure rates by providing clean joints without solder caps, which removes failure modes associated with solder bridging, slumping, starvation, intermetallic compound (IMC), electromagnetic (EM) effect, etc. 
     The enclosure  210  also provides decrease in manufacturing cost and failure rates as the package height is decreased. The enclosure  210  can protect and isolate the interconnects  204  from environmental factors (e.g., moisture, debris, etc.), which eliminates the need for underfills (e.g., nano-particle underfills). Accordingly, the costs and the error rates associated with underfill laminate or flowing process, both of which increases rapidly as the space between the die bottom surface  222  and the substrate top surface  224  decreases, can be eliminated based on using the enclosure  210  to replace the underfill. Further, the enclosure  210  provides a joint that satisfies mechanical, thermal, and electrical traits or benefits previously provided by the underfill. 
       FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view along a line  4 - 4  in  FIG. 5  of a semiconductor device  400  (e.g., a semiconductor die assembly, including a 3DI device or a die-stacked package) in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. Similar to the semiconductor device  200  of  FIG. 2 , the semiconductor device  400  can include a semiconductor die  402  (“die  402 ”) mounted on or connected to a substrate  406  (e.g., another die) and metal or conductive interconnects  404  (“interconnects  404 ”) that extend vertically to directly contact and electrically couple the die  402  and the substrate  406 . 
     The semiconductor device  400  can include multiple instances of the metal enclosure (e.g., the enclosure  210  of  FIG. 2 ). For example, the semiconductor device  400  can include a first enclosure  412  and a second enclosure  414  that include metal (e.g., copper, aluminum, alloy, etc.). Both the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414  can be continuous and solid metallic structures that form a wall. At least one or all of the metal enclosures (e.g., the first enclosure  412 , the second enclosure  414 , or other additional metal enclosures) can peripherally surround the interconnects  404  and isolate the interconnects  204  from external space on the outside of the enclosure  412  or  414 . 
     In some embodiments, the first enclosure  412  can be an inner enclosure and the second enclosure  414  can be an outer enclosure. For example, the first enclosure  412  can be located closer to the interconnects  404  than the second enclosure  414 , with the first enclosure  412  located between the interconnects  404  and the second enclosure  414 . The first enclosure  412  can peripherally surround or encircle the interconnects  404  along a horizontal plane. Also along the horizontal plane, the second enclosure  414  can peripherally surround or encircle the first enclosure  412  and thereby the interconnects  404 . 
     Similar to the semiconductor device  200 , the semiconductor device  400  can isolate inner spaces (e.g., the second space encircled by the second enclosure  414  and the first space encircled by the first enclosure  412 , where the first space and the second space can overlap) from space exterior to enclosures. One or more of the enclosed spaces can be void except for the interconnects  404  (e.g., without any encapculant material or underfill therein). Accordingly, the enclosure  412  or  414  can isolate the interconnects  404  from the external space and the corresponding environmental factors without the use of underfill or other encapsulants. 
     For illustrative purposes, the outer-most enclosure (e.g., the second enclosure  414  as illustrated in  FIG. 4 ) of the semiconductor device  400  is shown as being located inward (e.g., thereby creating an overhang with a periphery portion of the die  402  according to the edge offset distance  228  of  FIG. 2 ) from a periphery edge or surface of the die  402  (e.g., the die periphery edge  230 ). However, it is understood that the outer-most enclosure can be located with an outer or distal surface (e.g., with respect to a center portion of the die  402  and/or the interconnects  404 ) coincident with the periphery edge or surface of the die  402  (e.g., thereby creating a flush or continuous outer perimeter surface across the die periphery surface, the outer surface of the outer-most enclosure, and a substrate periphery surface). 
       FIG. 5  is a plan view of the semiconductor device  400  of  FIG. 4  in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology.  FIG. 5  can correspond to a bottom view of the semiconductor device  400  without the substrate  406  of  FIG. 4 . As discussed above, the first enclosure  412 , the second enclosure  414 , or a combination thereof can encircle a periphery or a perimeter of the interconnects  404  along a plane. The second enclosure  414  can further encircle a periphery or a perimeter of the first enclosure  412  along the plane. 
     The first enclosure  412  can have a first shape  502  (e.g., a shape of a cross-sectional outline), and the second enclosure  414  can have a second shape  504  that is similar to or different from the first shape  502 . For illustrative purposes, the first shape  502  is shown using a circle or an oval and the second shape  504  is shown using a rectangle. However, it is understood that the first shape  502  and the second shape  504  can be different (e.g., such as for an irregular or asymmetrical shape or any N-sided polygonal shape). 
     Also for illustrative purposes, the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414  are shown having a concentric arrangement  506  relative to each other and the die  402 . However, it is understood that the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414  can be offset from each other and/or offset from the die  402  for non-concentric arrangements. In some embodiments, the multiple enclosures can electrically float (e.g., without any electrical connections to circuits in the die  402 ) or connect to signals or electrical levels (e.g., power or ground). For example, the first enclosure  412  can have a first electrical connection  512  (e.g., active signal, power, ground, etc.) and the second enclosure  414  can have a second electrical connection  514  (e.g., active signal, power, ground, etc.). The first electrical connection  512  and the second electrical connection  514  can be connected to the same or different level or signal. In some embodiments, one of the inner electrical connections (e.g., the first electrical connection  512  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 ) can be to a power/voltage source and the outer-most electrical connection (e.g., the second electrical connection  514  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 ) can be to electrical ground. In some embodiments, the inner-most electrical connection can be to ground and/or the outer-most electrical connection can be to a power/voltage source. 
     Also for illustrative purposes, the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414  are shown as being nested (e.g., with the second enclosure  414  encircling the first enclosure  412 ). However, it is understood that the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414  can be non-nested (e.g., arranged as non-concentric shapes, as overlapping or non-overlapping shapes, or a combination thereof). 
     Electrically connecting the metal enclosure(s) to communicate voltages (e.g., common source voltage or ground) and/or signals provides increased efficiency for the semiconductor device. For example, the voltage level and/or the ground can be removed from the interconnects, thereby allowing the interconnects to communicate more signals. Also for example, based on a distance or an arrangement between the interconnects and the enclosure(s), certain signals (e.g., noise sources) can be separated from the interconnects beyond the spacing allowed between the interconnects. Further, electrically connecting the metal enclosure(s) to electrical connections (e.g., ground) can further reduce errors associated with noise or electromagnetic interference (EMI). 
       FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view along a line  6 - 6  in  FIG. 7  of a semiconductor device  600  (e.g., a TSV die assembly, including a 3DI device or a die-stacked package) in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The semiconductor device  600  can include multiple stacked dies (e.g., a first die  601 , a second die  602 , additional dies, a substrate  606 , etc.). Similar to the semiconductor device  200  of  FIG. 2  and/or the semiconductor device  400  of  FIG. 4 , the first die  601  and the second die  602  can be mounted on or connected to the substrate  606  (e.g., a PCB or another die). As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the first die  601  can be directly attached to and directly over the second die  602 , and the second die  602  can be directly attached to and directly over the substrate  606 . 
     Metal or conductive interconnects (e.g., first top interconnects  603 , second top interconnects  604 , bottom interconnects  605 , etc.) can extend vertically to directly contact and electrically couple the dies. As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the first top interconnects  603  and/or the second top interconnects  604  can extend vertically between and directly contact the first die  601  and the second die  602 . Further, the bottom interconnects  605  can extend vertically between and directly contact the second die  602  and the substrate  606 . 
     Further similar to the semiconductor device  200  and/or the semiconductor device  400 , one or more sets of the interconnects can be encircled or peripherally surrounded by one or more metal enclosures (the enclosure  210  of  FIG. 2 , the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4 , the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 , etc). For example, the semiconductor device  600  can include a first top enclosure  612 , a second top enclosure  614 , a third top enclosure  616 , a first bottom enclosure  618 , a second bottom enclosure  620 , or a combination thereof. As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the first top enclosure  612  can encircle or surround the first top interconnects  603 , and the second top enclosure  614  can encircle the second top interconnects  604  and be separate from the first top enclosure  612  (e.g., for a non-nested configuration of the enclosures). In some embodiments, the third top enclosure  616  can encircle or surround the first top enclosure  612  and/or the second top enclosure  614 . Similarly as illustrated in  FIGS. 5 and 6 , the first bottom enclosure  618  can encircle or surround the bottom interconnects  605  and the second bottom enclosure  620  can encircle or surround the first bottom enclosure  618 . 
     In some embodiments, the dies can electrically connect to each other directly without routing through electrical circuits in an intervening die located between the coupled dies. For example, the interconnects can bypass a middle die (e.g., outside of a peripheral edge of the middle die that doesn&#39;t extend to the peripheral edges of the outer dies above and below the middle die) and directly contact the outer dies. Also for example, one or more of the dies can include one or more TSVs  608  (e.g., vertical interconnects that pass completely through the die thereon). Based on the TSVs  608 , the outer dies can electrically connect to each other directly (e.g., without electrically routing through circuits in the middle die) while passing the electrical signals or levels through the middle die. The TSVs  608  can directly contact the interconnects (e.g., the first top interconnects  603 , the second top interconnects  604 , the bottom interconnects  605 , etc.), the enclosures (e.g., the first top enclosure  612 , the second top enclosure  614 , the third top enclosure  616 , the first bottom enclosure  618 , the second bottom enclosure  620 , etc.), or a combination thereof. 
       FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view along a line  7 - 7  in  FIG. 6  of the semiconductor device  600  in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology.  FIG. 7  can correspond to a top view of the semiconductor device  600  without the first die  601  of  FIG. 6 . 
     As discussed above, the one or more metal enclosures can be nested or concentric (e.g., as illustrated in  FIG. 5 ), non-nested, overlapped, or a combination thereof. For example, the enclosures can be non-nested, such as illustrated by the first top enclosure  612  and the second top enclosure  614 . The first top enclosure  612  can encircle or surround the first top interconnects  603 , and the second top enclosure  614  can encircle the second top interconnects  604  and be separate from the first top enclosure  612  (e.g., for a non-nested configuration of the enclosures). Also for example, the enclosures can be nested (e.g., in a concentric or a non-concentric arrangement), such as illustrated between the first top enclosure  612  and the third top enclosure  616  and/or between the second top enclosure  614  and the third top enclosure  616 . The third top enclosure  616  can encircle or surround the first top enclosure  612  and the second top enclosure  614 . Also for example, portions of the enclosures can overlap each other, such as illustrated by an enclosure overlap portion  702 . The third top enclosure  616  can be configured based on overlapping two separate and coplanar enclosures, with the overlap forming the enclosure overlap portion  702 . 
     Electrically connecting the metal enclosure(s) to the TSVs  608  provides reduced package size. The direct contact between the enclosures that have electrical connections (e.g., to signals, power sources, ground, etc.) and the TSVs  608  can allow for increased connection possibilities by allowing pass of electrical circuits of intervening dies. 
       FIGS. 8-9  are cross-sectional views illustrating a semiconductor device at selected stages in a manufacturing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the method can include a stage for providing a die  802  (e.g., the die  202  of  FIG. 2  or the die  402  of  FIG. 4 ). The die  802  can include die interconnects  804  (e.g., solid metal structures for providing electrical connections to circuits within the die  802 , such as for a portion of the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or a portion of the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 ) protruding below a die bottom surface (e.g., the die bottom surface  222  of  FIG. 2 ). The die  802  can further include a die enclosure  810  (e.g., a solid metal structure, such as for a portion of the metal enclosure structure  210  of  FIG. 2 , a portion of the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4  or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 , etc.) encircling a perimeter of the die interconnects  804  along a horizontal plane. 
     The die  802  with the die interconnects  804  and the die enclosure  810  can be manufactured using a separate manufacturing process (e.g., wafer or die level manufacturing process). The separate manufacturing process can produce the die interconnects  804  and the die enclosure  810  according to a protrusion measure  812  (e.g., a height of the metal structures, such as a length measured between the die bottom surface  222  and a distal portion of the die interconnects  804  and the die enclosure  810 ). In some embodiments, the protrusion measure  812  can include a distance less than 20 μm. According to the protrusion measure  812 , the distal portions (e.g., relative to the die bottom surface  222 ) of the die interconnects  804  and the die enclosure  810  can be coplanar along a horizontal plane that is parallel with the die bottom surface  222 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the method can include a stage for providing a substrate  906  (e.g., the substrate  206  of  FIG. 2  or the substrate  406  of  FIG. 4 ). The substrate  906  can include substrate interconnects  904  (e.g., solid metal structures for providing electrical connections to the substrate  906 , such as for a portion of the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or a portion of the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 ) protruding above a substrate top surface (e.g., the substrate top surface  224  of  FIG. 2 . The substrate  906  can further include a substrate enclosure  910  (e.g., a solid metal structure, such as for a portion of the metal enclosure structure  210  of  FIG. 2 , a portion of the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4  or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 , etc.) encircling a perimeter of the substrate interconnects  904  along a horizontal plane. 
     The substrate  906  with the substrate interconnects  904  and the substrate enclosure  910  (e.g., another die with interconnects and enclosure, such as illustrated in  FIG. 8 ) can be manufactured using a separate manufacturing process (e.g., wafer or die level manufacturing process or a process for manufacturing a printed circuit board). Similar to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the separate manufacturing process can produce the substrate interconnects  904  and the substrate enclosure  910  according to a protrusion measure  912  (e.g., a height of the metal structures, such as a length measured between the substrate top surface  224  and a distal portion of the substrate interconnects  904  and the substrate enclosure  910 ). In some embodiments, the protrusion measure  912  can include a distance less than 20 μm. According to the protrusion measure  912 , the distal portions (e.g., relative to the substrate top surface  224 ) of the substrate interconnects  904  and the substrate enclosure  910  can be coplanar along a horizontal plane that is parallel with the substrate top surface  224 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , the method can include a stage for aligning the substrate  906  and the die  802 . The substrate  906  and the die  802  can be aligned based on aligning reference portions (e.g., a center portion, a periphery edge or surface, etc.) thereof along a line or a plane (e.g., a vertical line or plane for  FIG. 10 ). The structures can be aligned such that the die enclosure  810  and the substrate enclosure  910  are aligned along a line or a plane (e.g., a vertical line or plane). Further, the structures can be aligned such that the die enclosure  810  and the substrate enclosure  910  directly contact each other. The die interconnects  804  and the substrate interconnects  904  can be similarly aligned. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the method can include a stage for bonding the metal structures (e.g., the die enclosure  810  to the substrate enclosure  910  and/or the die interconnects  804  to the substrate interconnects  904 ). For example,  FIG. 11  can represent a diffusion bonding process  1100  (e.g., Cu—Cu diffusion bonding) that includes a solid-state welding process for joining metals based on solid-state diffusion. The diffusion bonding process  1100  can include creating a vacuum condition or filling the space (e.g., the enclosed space) with inert gas, heating the metal structures, pressing the metal structures together, or a combination thereof. 
     Based on the bonding stage, the metal structures can bond or fuse and form a continuous structure. For example, the die enclosure  810  and the substrate enclosure  910  can be bonded to form the enclosure  210  of  FIG. 2 , the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4 , or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 . Also for example, the die interconnects  804  and the substrate interconnects  904  can be bonded to form the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 . 
     Diffusion bonding the die enclosure  810  to the substrate enclosure  910  (e.g., Cu—Cu diffusion bonding) and the die interconnects  804  and the substrate interconnects  904  (e.g., Cu—Cu diffusion bonding) provides reduced manufacturing failures and cost. The diffusion bonding process can eliminate solder, thereby reducing any potential failures and costs associated with the soldering process. Further, the interconnects and the enclosures can be bonded using one bonding process, which can further simply the manufacturing process. 
       FIGS. 12-15  are cross-sectional views illustrating a semiconductor device at selected stages in a further manufacturing method in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. As illustrated in  FIG. 12 , the method can include a stage for providing a die  1202  (e.g., the die  202  of  FIG. 2  or the die  402  of  FIG. 4 ). Similar to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the die  1202  can include die interconnects  1204  (e.g., solid metal structures for providing electrical connections to circuits within the die  602 , such as for a portion of the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or a portion of the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 ) protruding below a die bottom surface (e.g., the die bottom surface  222  of  FIG. 2 ). 
     The die  1202  can further include a die enclosure  1210  (e.g., a solid metal structure, such as for a portion of the metal enclosure structure  210  of  FIG. 2 , a portion of the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4  or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 , etc.) encircling a perimeter of the die interconnects  1204  along a horizontal plane. In some embodiments, the die enclosure  1210  can include solder  1220  attached at a distal portion (e.g., with respect to the die bottom surface  222 ) of a metal wall extending away from the die bottom surface  222 . In some embodiments, the die enclosure  1210  can include the solder  1220  (e.g., Cu or Cu+ solder tip) directly contacting the die bottom surface  222  (e.g., where the die enclosure  1210  is formed out of the solder  1220 ). In some embodiments, the die enclosure  1210  can be bulk solder (e.g., without any separate metal wall structure). 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13 , the method can include a stage for providing a substrate  1306  (e.g., the substrate  206  of  FIG. 2  or the substrate  406  of  FIG. 4 ). Similar to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 9 , the substrate  1306  can include substrate interconnects  1304  (e.g., solid metal structures for providing electrical connections to the substrate  1306 , such as for a portion of the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or a portion of the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 ) protruding above a substrate top surface (e.g., the substrate top surface  224  of  FIG. 2 ). The substrate  1306  can further include a substrate enclosure  1310  (e.g., a solid metal structure, such as for a portion of the metal enclosure structure  210  of  FIG. 2 , a portion of the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4  or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 , etc.) encircling a perimeter of the substrate interconnects  1304  along a horizontal plane. 
     In some embodiments, the substrate enclosure  1310  can include the solder  1220  of  FIG. 12 . For example, the substrate enclosure  1310  can be formed out of the solder  1220  (e.g., with the solder  1220  directly contacting the substrate top surface  224 ). Also for example, the substrate enclosure  1310  can include solder  1220  attached at a distal portion (e.g., with respect to the substrate top surface  224 ) of a metal wall extending away from the substrate top surface  224 . Also for example, the solder  1220  can be included in the substrate enclosure  1310  instead of the die enclosure  1210 , or in both the substrate enclosure  1310  and the die enclosure  1210 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the method can include a stage for aligning the substrate  1306  and the die  1202 . Similar to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 10 , the substrate  1306  and the die  1202  can be aligned based on aligning reference portions (e.g., a center portion, a periphery edge or surface, etc.) thereof along a line or a plane, with the die enclosure  1210  and the substrate enclosure  1310  aligned along a further line or plane (e.g., along a vertical direction). Further, the structures can be aligned such that the die enclosure  1210  and the substrate enclosure  1310  directly contact each other (e.g., with the solder  1220  making direct contact with the substrate enclosure  1310 ). The die interconnects  1204  and the substrate interconnects  1304  can be similarly aligned. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 15 , the method can include a stage for bonding the metal structures (e.g., the die enclosure  1210  of  FIG. 14  to the substrate enclosure  1310  of  FIG. 14  and/or the die interconnects  1204  of  FIG. 14  to the substrate interconnects  1304  of  FIG. 14 ). For example,  FIG. 15  can represent a process for reflowing (e.g., mass reflow) the solder  1220 , such as based on heating the solder  1220 . 
     Based on reflowing the solder  1220 , a continuous wall structure can be formed encircling the interconnects. For example, the die enclosure  1210  and the substrate enclosure  1310  can be bonded to form the enclosure  210  of  FIG. 2 , the first enclosure  412  of  FIG. 4 , or the second enclosure  414  of  FIG. 4 . Similarly, the die interconnects  1204  and the substrate interconnects  1304  can be bonded to form the interconnects  204  of  FIG. 2  or the interconnects  404  of  FIG. 4 . 
       FIG. 16  is a flow diagram illustrating an example method  1600  (“method  1600 ”) of manufacturing a semiconductor device in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. For example, the method  1600  can be implemented to manufacture the semiconductor device  200  of  FIG. 2  and/or the semiconductor device  400  of  FIG. 4 . Also for example, the method  1600  can include stages illustrated in  FIGS. 8-15 . 
     The method  1600  can include providing a semiconductor die (e.g., the die  802  of  FIG. 8  or the die  1202  of  FIG. 12 ) as illustrated at block  1602 . Providing the semiconductor die can correspond to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 8  and/or  FIG. 12 . The provided die can include die interconnects (e.g., the die interconnects  804  of  FIG. 8  or the die interconnects  1204  of  FIG. 12 ) and a die enclosure (e.g., the die enclosure  810  of  FIG. 10  or the die enclosure  1210  of FIG.  12 ) protruding downward from the die bottom surface  222  of  FIG. 2 . The die enclosure can peripherally surround the die interconnects on or along the die bottom surface  222 . The provided die can further have bottom or distal portions or surfaces of the die interconnects coplanar with bottom or distal portions or surfaces of the die enclosure. For example, the bottom or distal portions of the die interconnects and the die enclosure can be coplanar along a horizontal plane that is parallel to the die bottom surface  222  and is vertically offset from the die bottom surface  222  by the protrusion measure  812  of  FIG. 8 . 
     In some embodiments the die enclosure can include copper, aluminum, nickel, other metals, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments the die enclosure can include solder directly contacting the die bottom surface  222  or directly attached to a distal surface or portion of a metal wall structure. In some embodiments, the die enclosure can be electrically connected (e.g., the first electrical connection  512  of  FIG. 5  or the second electrical connection  514  of  FIG. 5 ) to a signal or a voltage level (e.g., such as a voltage source or ground). 
     The die can be manufactured or formed using a separate manufacturing process, as illustrated at block  1620 . For example, the die manufacturing process can include wafer-level processing, such as a doping process to form integrated circuitry and a singulating process to separate the individual dies. 
     The method  1600  can further include providing a substrate (e.g., the substrate  906  of  FIG. 9  or the substrate  1306  of  FIG. 13 ) as illustrated at block  1604 . Providing the substrate can correspond to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 9  and/or  FIG. 13 . The provided substrate can include substrate interconnects (e.g., the substrate interconnects  904  of  FIG. 9  or the substrate interconnects  1304  of  FIG. 13 ) and a substrate enclosure (e.g., the substrate enclosure  910  of  FIG. 9  or the substrate enclosure  1310  of  FIG. 13 ) protruding upward from the substrate top surface  224  of  FIG. 2 . The substrate enclosure can peripherally surround the substrate interconnects on or along the substrate top surface  224 . The provided substrate can further have top or distal portions or surfaces of the substrate interconnects coplanar with top or distal portions or surfaces of the substrate enclosure. For example, the top or distal portions of the substrate interconnects and the substrate enclosure can be coplanar along a horizontal plane that is parallel to the substrate top surface  224  and is vertically offset from the substrate top surface  224  by the protrusion measure  912  of  FIG. 9 . 
     In some embodiments the substrate enclosure can include copper, aluminum, nickel, other metals, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments the substrate enclosure can include solder directly contacting the substrate top surface  224  or directly attached to a distal surface or portion of a metal wall structure. In some embodiments, the substrate enclosure can be electrically connected (e.g., the first electrical connection  512  or the second electrical connection  514 ) to a signal or a voltage level (e.g., such as a voltage source or ground). 
     The substrate can be manufactured or formed using a separate manufacturing process, as illustrated at block  1640 . For example, the substrate manufacturing process (e.g., for manufacturing another die) can include wafer-level processing similar to processes illustrated by block  1620 . Also for example, the substrate manufacturing process (e.g., for manufacturing PCB substrate) can include solder mask shaping, trace formation, planarization, etc. 
     The method  1600  can further include aligning the structures (e.g., the die and the substrate) as illustrated at block  1606 . Aligning the structures can correspond to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 10  and/or  FIG. 14 . For example, the alignment process can align the die over the substrate with a portion of each die interconnect coincident with a corresponding portion of each substrate interconnect along vertical lines and/or a portion of the die enclosure coincident with the substrate enclosure along vertical lines. Also for example, the alignment process can align the die over the substrate with the die enclosure directly contacting the substrate enclosure. 
     The method  1600  can further include bonding the structures (e.g., the die interconnects to the substrate interconnects and/or the die enclosure to the substrate enclosure) as illustrated at block  1608 . The bonding process can correspond to the stage illustrated in  FIG. 11  and/or  FIG. 15 . The bonding process can include controlling temperature of one or more of the structures (e.g., heating to bond and then cooling to solidify the jointed structures), applying pressure on the structures, or a combination thereof. For example, the bonding process can include diffusion bonding (e.g., thermal compression bonding or TCB) as illustrated at block  1612  and/or reflowing solder (e.g., mass reflow in the case solder is applied) as illustrated at block  1614 . 
     Through the bonding process, the enclosure  210  (e.g., including multiple enclosures, such as the first enclosure  412  and the second enclosure  414 ), the enclosed space  226  can form for the interconnects  204 . Since metal (e.g., copper, solder, etc.) sufficiently blocks moisture and other debris, underfill (e.g., the underfill  110  of  FIG. 1 ) is no longer needed for the manufacturing process. As such, the bonding process can bond the structures without any underfill in the enclosed space  226  or in the space between the substrate top surface  224  and the die bottom surface  222 . Further, the above described bonding process can eliminate oxide to oxide bonding (e.g., for hybrid bonding) and/or the requirement on wafer surface conditions (e.g., surface roughness control), which can lead to lower manufacturing cost and error. 
       FIG. 17  is a block diagram illustrating a system that incorporates a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments of the present technology. Any one of the semiconductor devices having the features described above with reference to  FIGS. 1-16  can be incorporated into any of a myriad of larger and/or more complex systems, a representative example of which is system  1790  shown schematically in  FIG. 17 . The system  1790  can include a processor  1792 , a memory  1794  (e.g., SRAM, DRAM, flash, and/or other memory devices), input/output devices  1796 , and/or other subsystems or components  1798 . The semiconductor assemblies, devices, and device packages described above with reference to  FIGS. 1-14  can be included in any of the elements shown in  FIG. 17 . The resulting system  1790  can be configured to perform any of a wide variety of suitable computing, processing, storage, sensing, imaging, and/or other functions. Accordingly, representative examples of the system  1790  include, without limitation, computers and/or other data processors, such as desktop computers, laptop computers, Internet appliances, hand-held devices (e.g., palm-top computers, wearable computers, cellular or mobile phones, personal digital assistants, music players, etc.), tablets, multi-processor systems, processor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network computers, and minicomputers. Additional representative examples of the system  1790  include lights, cameras, vehicles, etc. With regard to these and other examples, the system  1790  can be housed in a single unit or distributed over multiple interconnected units, e.g., through a communication network. The components of the system  1790  can accordingly include local and/or remote memory storage devices and any of a wide variety of suitable computer-readable media. 
     From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that specific embodiments of the present technology have been described herein for purposes of illustration, but that various modifications may be made without deviating from the disclosure. In addition, certain aspects of the disclosure described in the context of particular embodiments may be combined or eliminated in other embodiments. Further, while advantages associated with certain embodiments have been described in the context of those embodiments, other embodiments may also exhibit such advantages. Not all embodiments need necessarily exhibit such advantages to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure and associated technology can encompass other embodiments not expressly shown or described herein.