Patent Publication Number: US-2007113259-A1

Title: Presenting programs

Description:
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
      This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 09/694,365, filed Oct. 24, 2000. The disclosure of the prior application is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
      The present invention relates to presentation of programmes, and in particular, but not exclusively, to provision of further content and/or interactivity for users of program presentation terminals by means of a data communication system.  
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
      Broadcasting systems for transmitting programs, such as TV or radio programmes, to be represented by a receiver apparatus to the users (“audience”) thereof are known. For example, the skilled person is aware of the basic principle and operation of a television program broadcasting system and the concept of displaying television programmes to the viewers of television sets, and therefore the operation thereof will not be explained in detail. It is sufficient to note that the broadcasting systems include systems that are based on wireless program signal transmission, satellite transmission and cable transmission and so on and that the program signal transmission may comprise transmission of analogue or digital signals and/or a combination of these.  
      The programmes may be transmitted as live transmissions or as recorded programmes. The live transmissions show an event, such as a football game, news or a lottery draw, substantially in real-time for the viewers. The recorded programmes have been prepared beforehand and will be transmitted and shown later on to the viewers at an appropriate time. Recorded programs may also be represented from a storage media, such as video or audio tape, compact disk (CD) or digital video disk (DVD) e.g. by means of a video player, video disk or CD player or a tape player. The recording may contain a program that has been broadcast earlier or a recording that has been prepared to be distributed e.g. through video shops or record stores.  
      The programmes can also be divided in several categories, such as news, sport, game shows, entertainment programs, comedies, drama series, movies, children programmes, educational programmes, documentaries, and so on. For example, the purpose of the educational programmes is to help the viewers thereof to learn new things and to develop their knowledge and/or skills. The educational programmes may be viewed by various groups of people, such as small children or schoolchildren, students, adults, or anybody else wishing to learn new things. The game shows may include, for example, entertainment games with no prices or only modest prices and gambling, such as lottery or betting.  
      Programmes, such as documentaries, educational programmes and/or game shows, may include various stimulating features or events, such as questions to be answered or special tasks to be performed by the viewers or listeners or other events to which the remote audience may wish to give feedback or from which the viewers may wish to receive more information. Individuals watching dramas or comedies might wish to have influence over the story and/or the end of the story. People watching documentaries may wish to receive some further information of the facts and/or background and so on.  
      It is believed that interactivity may make the programmes in general more interesting and/or increase the efficiency of the educational programmes. For example, the viewer of a TV program may wish to have the possibility to respond to questions, events or other stimulating features of the programmes they are currently viewing. The conventional one-way broadcasting systems, however, may not be able to provide feasible, easy-to-use and affordable interactivity to as the remote audience might wish to have.  
      The viewer (or listener) may also wish to receive further content that associates with the program he is viewing. The content could be any associating information such as further information of the events or characters of the program, background information, information of the rules of a game that is to be presented and so on. The further content could also comprise views from another angle(s), replay of certain events, additional views or parts of the program not presented by the broadcasting system and so on.  
      The previous proposals have suggested use of public switched telecommunication networks (PSTN) or other conventional telephone networks for interaction with the program. In accordance with the earlier proposals the viewer or listener needs to have a telephone in order to make a telephone call to the television studio. The viewer may also contact the studio through a personal computer (PC) connected to the Internet to give his answer or give some other feedback or to fetch further information. The broadcasting systems in general may not have been enabled to provide any tailored communication towards selected users other than by a telephone (or Internet) call between the viewer and e.g. the presenter of the program through the public telephone network. Some viewers may find it inconvenient to make a call to a particular number provided by the program. Although the Internet may be used for the communication, not everyone has a home PC that is connected to the Internet. A percentage of people may also find the PCs and Internet subscriptions too expensive and/or difficult to install and/or use and/or operate.  
      The previous proposals may thus not have been able to deliver a cost-effective solution for interaction with the broadcasting system, such as for interactive learning or for game shows or for fetching further content that associates with the program. This has been held back by lack of solutions offering an affordable and workable solution for providing a communication channel towards the broadcasting system or any other source of further content. The present proposals may not be able to provide personalised interactivity and/or further content to individual users in a satisfactory manner.  
      The users may also wish to have mobility while viewing or listening to the program. The mobility may be restricted by a wired connection between a terminal that may be used for the interactive communication and the telecommunication system. Furthermore, the present arrangements may also provide only limited possibilities for providing interactivity and/or further content in association with recorded programs.  
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
      The embodiments of the present invention aim to address one or several of the above problems. Furthermore, the embodiments aim to provide tailored interactivity and/or further content to the users of a conventional program representation system by means of a user device that may communicate via a different communication media than what is used for the provision of the programs.  
      According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for presenting a program for a user. In the method information that associates with the user is stored in a remote management unit, preferably to a database thereof. A program representation device is provided with a program signal by means of a program signal broadcasting system, whereafter the program is presented to the user based on the program signal. A predefined event is monitored for, and upon detection thereof, data is transported between the remote management unit and a user device operable by the user while experiencing the program. The transportation occurs over a packet data network and a wireless data communication link between the packet data network and the user device. The data that associates with the program is personalised based on said stored information.  
      According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for presenting a program for a user. In the method information that associates with the user is stored in a remote management unit. A program signal is generated by means of replaying apparatus and subsequently provided to a program representation device. The program is then represented to the user based on the program signal. A predefined event is monitored for and in response to detection of the predefined event, data is transported between the remote management unit and a user device operable by the user while experiencing the program. The data transportation occurs over a packet data network and a wireless data communication link between the packet data network and the user device. The data associated with the program is personalised based on said stored information.  
      According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for providing interactivity for a viewer of a television program that has been provided by a television system. The television program is displayed to the viewer based on a signal from the television system. The method comprises further a step of generation of a packet data message that is to be transmitted between a remote management unit and a handheld controller operate e by the viewer while viewing the program. The management unit is connected to a packet switched data communication system and comprises processor means for processing and storage means for storing information that associates with the viewer. The management unit also stores information that associates with the program. The handheld controller is associated with a wireless module enabling a wireless data communication link between the controller and the packet switched communication network. In accordance with a further method step the packet data message is transmitted between the wireless module and the packet switched telecommunication system via the wireless data communication link, the packet data message and the signal from the television system being transported are separate communication systems.  
      According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a system for presenting a program. The system comprises a program representation terminal for representing the program to a user and a broadcasting system for providing the program to the program representation terminal. A packet data communication network is also provided. A remote management unit is connected to the packet data communication network, said remote management unit comprising a processor for processing data that associates with the program and a storage unit for storing information that associates with the user. Said processor is adapted to personalise data that associates with the program based on the information that associates with the user. The system comprises further a user device operable by the user while experiencing the program. The user device is adapted for communication over the packet data network by means of a wireless data communication link between the data communication network and the user device and to present information to the user based on data that is received via the wireless data communication link from the remote management unit while the user is experiencing the program.  
      According to still another aspect of the present invention there is provided a system for presenting a program. The system comprises a program representation terminal for representing the program to a user and program replaying apparatus for providing the program to the program representation terminal. A packet data communication network is also provided. A remote management unit is connected to the packet data communication network, said remote management unit comprising a processor for processing data that associates with the program and a storage unit for storing information that associates with the user. Said processor is adapted to personalise data that associates with the program based on the information that associates with the user. A user device that is operable by the user while experiencing the program is also provided. The user device is adapted for communication over the packet data network by means of a wireless data communication link between the data communication network and the user device and to present information to the user based on data that is received via the wireless data communication link from the remote management unit while the user is experiencing the program.  
      According to yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a system for presenting television programs. The system comprises a television terminal for displaying the television program based on a program signal and a program signal provision system adapted to provide the television terminal with the program signal. A packet data communication system is provided for data communication. A management unit is connected to the packet switched data communication system. Said management unit comprises a database for storing personalised information associated with a viewer of the television program, and a processor adapted to process data associated with the television program. The system comprises further a portal e user device adapted to be operable by the viewer while viewing the television program. The portable user device comprises a communication module enabling data communication over a wireless interface between the portable user device and the packet data communication system. The portable user device and the management unit are adapted to communicate data that associates with the television program over said wireless interface and packet data communication system at the same time when the television program is presented to the viewer based on the program signal provided through the program signal provision system.  
      According to yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a portable user device operable by a viewer of a television program while viewing the program presented by a television terminal adapted to receive a television signal from a television system. The user device comprises a communication module enabling data communication over a wireless interface between the portable user device and a packet data communication system, said packet data communication system being an independent system from the television system. The user device comprises also a controller that is adapted to process data received from or to be transported to a remote management unit that is connected to the packet data communication system. The portable user device is adapted to communicate data that associates with the television program and has been personalised based on the personal characteristics of the viewer over said wireless interface at the same time when the television program is presented to the viewer.  
      According to more specific embodiment of the invention, the data transportation may originate from the remote unit. Information that associates with the program may also be stored in the remote unit. Data may also or alternatively be transported from the user device. A broadcasting system or apparatus for replaying recorded programs may provide the representation device with the program signal. The user device may comprise a portable or handheld controller. Wireless communication may be arranged between the controller and other apparatus of the system.  
      The packet data communication network is preferably based on one of the third generation telecommunication standards. The wireless link may comprise a short range radio link. The wireless link may operate in an unlicensed radio frequency band. The wireless link may employ frequency hopping, wherein the frequency may be changed between subsequent data packets.  
      The data transported over the wireless link may comprise control instructions for the user device, additional information that associates with the program, and/or further content that associates with the program. The data transportation between the user device and the remote management unit may provide interaction between a viewer of a television program and the television system.  
      The program may include at least one event to which the user may react, e.g. by inputting a response into the user device. The user device may present an audio message and/or a visual message based on data transported from the remote unit. Voice messages may be transported based on the voice over Internet protocol (VOIP) The data transportation may be triggered by a predefined event in the program or based on monitoring of a time-code that associates with the recording media used for storing the program. The user may also trigger the data transportation by inputting a speech message into the controller or by pressing an appropriate key or keys. At least one element of the user device may be operated based on data received from the remote management unit.  
      Data to be transported to the user device is preferably personalised before transportation based on the information stored in a database of the remote management unit. The user may be enabled to modify the information stored in the database.  
      The embodiments of the invention may provide a cost effective way for enabling e.g. the viewer of a TV programme to interact with it and/or to receive further content and associated information that associates with the program. No apparatus may be required to be provided at the premises where the program is experienced for the provision of linking and or synchronisation between the program and the preferably two-way communication by the user. The embodiments may thus enable an easy and/or affordable interaction with a program. The embodiments may be used in any home today with the existing television or radio receiver sets. The embodiments may enable provision of selective and/or tailored data to the users. The tailoring can be based on personal characteristics of individual users of the system. The embodiments may make programs that are based on interactive learning and/or children programs and/or gaming programs and the like more interesting for the viewers. The embodiment may also enable more feasible and affordable real-time communication between the users and the program service providers than in the conventional solutions. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
      For better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made by way of example to the accompanying drawings in which:  
       FIG. 1  shows one embodiment of the present invention;  
       FIG. 2  is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the present invention;  
       FIG. 3  shows further embodiments of the present invention; and  
       FIG. 4  shows an embodiment wherein data is communicated via a cellular network. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION  
      Reference is made to  FIG. 1  which shows an embodiment of the present invention that relates to presentation of TV programs that are transmitted by means of a public television broadcast network  25 . The television network  25  can be of any type, such as a conventional analogue network or a digital television network. The network  25  includes a wireless transmitter or antenna  2  for transmitting the television signal towards television apparatus  1 . It should be appreciated that instead of distributing the television signal through antennae, the signal may be distributed through other media, such as cable or satellite subscriptions (not shown). It should also be appreciated that although only one antenna and TV set is shown for clarity reasons, the number of the antennae and TV sets connected to the TV network is typically much higher.  
      The television network system is also provided with a broadcasting apparatus  3  for the provision of the TV program signal to the antennae. It should be understood that the broadcasting apparatus typically includes various different elements in the TV studio and elsewhere in the television system. The apparatus that is required for the provision of the television program signal to the antenna  2  and the operation thereof is known and does not form a part of the invention as such, and will thus not be described in more detail.  
      The  FIG. 1  system includes further a data processing entity or management unit  4  comprising a processor facility  5  and storage means or database  7 . The database  7  is provided for storing information on the individual users  14  of the system. That is, each of the users of the system may be individually registered onto the management unit  4  so that a personalised experience may be tailored for each user based on the information stored in the database. The information stored in the database  7  may be used e.g. to personalise communication towards individual users. For example, it is possible to personalise additional content that associates with a particular program, e.g. such that different viewers with different interests will receive different additional content.  
      In the simplest form the user related information may comprise indication that the user is allowed to fetch data from and/or transmit data to the management unit  4 . The database  7  or a separate database is also preferably used for storing information that associates with the programs, such as additional content or background information. The management unit or ‘hub’  4  may communicate via a connection  17  with one or several elements of the television system  25 , although this is not a necessity in all embodiments.  
      The management unit  4  is connected to appropriate gateway apparatus  8  for enabling communication via a packet data communication network  6 . For example, the management unit  4  may be provided with voice over IP (Internet Protocol) gateway apparatus for enabling voice communication via a packet switched Internet protocol (IP) based data network. The skilled person is familiar with various possible gateway arrangements for connecting a data processing entity to a data network, and therefore they are not discussed in more detail.  
      The management unit  4  may be operated and run by an independent service provider providing interactivity and/or other content services. The management unit  4  may alternatively be controlled by the TV company itself. The presenter of a program and/or the production team of a TV program may also have a connection to the management unit  4  so that they may communicate with the viewers through the interaction system and/or control the communication between the viewer i.e. the user  14  and the management unit  4 , as will be explained later.  
      The data communications network  6  may comprise any network that is capable of providing data transportation services for the management unit  4 . The communication system provides preferably broadband communication services for the subscribers thereof. The broadband services is preferably provided to home users through a data communication system that is based e.g. on one of the third generation (3G) telecommunications standards. Examples of the 3G standards will be discussed in more detail later with reference to  FIG. 4 . The packet data network may also be based on technologies such as an integrated services digital network (ISDN) or an asynchronous data subscriber line (ADSL) A data communication system includes typically various elements, such as one or more network controllers, exchanges and/or routers (not shown for clarity reasons) and one or more gateways  8 .  
      A home base station  9  is shown to be connected to the data communication network  6 , and thus also to the management unit  4 . The connection between the management unit  4  and the base station  9  may be based on any appropriate data transport protocol, such as the Internet Protocol (IP) The base station  9  is adapted to interface the data network  6  and one or several user devices in the location of the base station  9 . The location can be e.g. a house, a suburban housing area or a block of flats.  
      The user  14  is provided with a portable user device. The user device may comprise a portable i.e. handheld on-site controller  10  that the user  14  may see and operate while watching the TV apparatus  1 . The controller  10  provides an interactive remote station that may communicate over a wireless interface  13  with the base station  9 . To enable this, the controller  10  of  FIG. 1  is provided with a radio communication module  12  that is enabled to have a wireless high speed data connection with the base station  9 . Thus the data network  6  and the base station  9  are enabled to provide broadband communication between the management unit  4  and the portable controller  10 .  
      In case a public data communication network that provides wireless services for the user thereof is used, the user device  10  may communicate directly with a base station of the data network. This embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to  FIG. 4 . Alternatively, the wireless link  13  between the controller  10  and the base station  9  may be based on a communication protocol that is capable of providing a local low power wireless service. The low power wireless service may be different from the standard and protocols of the data network  6 . The low power wireless link may be provided by a short range radio link (SRRL) between any two or more stations that are close enough to each other. The short range low power wireless services operate typically in an unlicensed frequency range, such as in frequencies over 2 GHz. For example, in the USA unlicensed ISM bands 2.4 to 2.5. GHz and 5.725 to 5.875 GHz are permitted.  
      The controller  10  and the base station  9  are provided with appropriate wireless communication modules  12  and  19 , respectively such that duplex traffic between the two stations is enabled. The wireless modules  12  and  19  are preferably based on standardised low power radio service components. It should be appreciated that although this description describes a base station comprising a wireless module, the base station  9  may in its simple form constitute of a wireless transmitter and/or receiver and means for interfacing the transmitter and/or receiver to the data network  6 .  
      An appropriate low power wireless service that may be used in the embodiments is based on a so called Bluetooth™ protocol. The term Bluetooth™ refers to a technology specification by the Bluetooth special interest group (SIG) for small factor, low-cost, short range radio links (SRRL) between various devices, such as mobile stations, portable personal computers, and other portable devices. Bluetooth™ facilitates real-time voice and data transmissions. If the controller  10  is equipped with a Bluetooth™ wireless module  12 , a connection may be established between the controller and the base station  9  that is also provided with a Bluetooth™ wireless module  19 . The Bluetooth™ technology allows for a replacement of any cables that conventionally have connected devices to each other with a universal short range radio link. The wireless Bluetooth modules operate in an unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHz that is globally available. The connection may be established and maintained even when the controller  10  and the base station  9  are not within line of sight, e.g. are located in different rooms. The short range link may cover a radio service area of, for example, about 10 meters, but the range can also be extended to around 100 meters, e.g. by means of an amplifier.  
      The Bluetooth™ basement protocol is a combination of circuit and packet switching. Slots can be reserved for synchronised data packets. A data packet nominally covers a single slot, but can be extended to cover up to five slots, or even more. The Bluetooth™ specification defines a fast acknowledgement and frequency hopping scheme to improve the robustness of the wireless link and to combat interference and fading. Bluetooth™ wireless modules are adapted to avoid interference from other signals by hopping to a new frequency after transmitting or receiving a data packet. The use of short data packets and fast hopping may also limit the impact of other devices such as microwave ovens or other receivers and/or transmitters. A shaped, binary FM modulation is applied to minimise the complexity of the transceiver of the wireless module.  
      The Bluetooth™ radio service can support an asynchronous data channel, up to three simultaneous synchronised voice channels or a channel which simultaneously supports asynchronous data and synchronised voice. The gross data rate of the present Bluetooth™ applications is 1MB per second. Each voice channel may support a 64 kb/s synchronous link. At present the asynchronous channel can support an asymmetric link of 721 kb/s in either direction while permitting 57.6 kb/s in the return direction, or a 432.6 kb/s symmetric link. A time division duplex scheme may be used for full duplex transmission. The network topology of the Bluetooth™ system may support both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint connections, thereby enabling communication between several devices at the same time.  
      The size of the Bluetooth™ wireless module is relatively small and typically comprises a single chip. A Bluetooth™ chip may comprise all necessary processors, radio part, interface means and so on. Since the chip is a standardised element, the implementation costs of the wireless controller  10  may be relatively low. The power consumption of a typical Bluetooth™ arrangement is also low. The fast frequency hopping scheme enables robust radio links between the controller  10  and the base station  9 .  
      The controller  10  may be provided with voice input/output means  16  and/or various trigger sensors in the body thereof. A graphics display  11  and selection buttons  15  may also be provided in the controller. The display  11  may be adapted to show still images or video images that are based on signals received via the wireless transmission from the base station  9 . The display  11  may also comprise a so called touch screen function. The controller  10  may be IP enabled. The controller  10  may have a customised application loaded into it.  
      With reference now also to  FIG. 2 , operation of an embodiment of the present invention is explained in more detail. The TV programme production company may create a program which make use of the interactive controller  10 . The programme may be a recorded or live program and transmitted in a conventional fashion. The generation of messages to be communicated between the controller  10  and the management unit  4  may associate with predetermined events in the production. According to a preferred embodiment a time-code of the film constitutes an event that triggers signalling from the management unit  4  towards the controller  10 . The progression of the program can be followed and/or the time-code detected by the element  3  of the broadcasting system  25 . The element  3  may be used to generate and transmit a request for the management unit  4  over the connection  17  to transmit data towards the controller  10 . According to a possibility the element  3  or the management unit  4  monitors for a predefined event, e.g. a predefined sound effect or visual effect in the program, and upon detection thereof initiates the data transmission. The sound effect detection or visual effect detection may be based on digital sound or image processing techniques. The triggering of the messaging may also be based on combination of several events, e.g. such that a time-code condition aid a visual effect has to be met before any message is generated and/or transmitted or that it is enough that one event of several possible events is detected. The transmission of data from the management unit  4  may also be initiated upon receiving a request from the controller  10 . The data that may be sent to the controller  10  may take, for example, the form of voice data, video data and control instruction data.  
      The user  14  may receive personalised content from the management unit  4  and may thus be provided with an enhanced and tailored television viewing experience. Each user may be personalised in the management unit or service provider portal based on information stored in the database  7  thereof. The personalised information may be obtained e.g. when a controller is purchased. The buyer may complete a registration form identifying the owner of the controller or the users of the controller (e.g. all members of a family). In this way, the controller and/or interaction can be personalised to each individual. One or more of the following criteria may be used as part of the personalisation process: first name; last name; date and/or place of birth; sex; colour of eyes; colour of hair; personal interests/preferences; hobbies; nationality; preferred language; and so on. Even detailed health information, such as eyesight or information regarding difficulties in hearing, can be stored in the database, as this may be used e.g. when providing programs to special groups.  
      The personal information can also be submitted e.g. by post, Internet, (e.g. through Hyper Text Mark-up Language HTML pages), telephone or personal visit to the provider of the interactive services or by any other appropriate way. This information will be stored in the database  7  and the controller is personalised to each viewer based on the stored information. The stored data may be used when predefined events in the program or a request by the controller trigger the procedure for data transmission to the controller.  
      The triggered message and personalisation data may be combined to form a “video event” or a “Sound Event”. An example of the latter is a birthday song that is presented to a person on his/hers birthday. The generated event is sent to a gateway  8  where e.g. the sound file is converted using e.g. Voice Over IP protocol and transmitted over a data network  6  to the controller  10 .  
      The user  14  may activate the controller  10  whilst watching a program. The user may input various information, such as his/hers identity, information regarding the channel he/she is watching and so on. This information may also be provided by the receiver apparatus, either via a connection with the controller  10  or base station  9 . To enable the communication with the other devices in the household, the TV may be provided with a similar wireless module as the controller, or the communication may occur e.g. via a conventional infrared link. The controller may then generate and transmit a message to the management unit, and more particularly, to the processor  5  thereof. Based on the message from the controller  10  and/or information stored in the database  7 , the processor  5  generates a content entity that is transported back to the controller and presented to the user  14  thereof.  
      According to an embodiment the controller is associated with a toy, such as a teddy bear  10  of  FIG. 4 . It should be appreciated that in the following description any reference to Teddy  10  is also a reference to any portal e on-site controller, whenever appropriate. When the cuddly toy, such as the teddy bear  10 , is not used as an interface towards the TV system, it can be played with in a normal manner When a particular broadcast starts, the child may activate the toy e.g. by squeezing the toy&#39;s nose or by touching or pressing other predefined parts or activation means of the toy. The toy is activated, i.e. ‘comes to life’, and as the broadcast continues, the toy may ask questions in relation to the broadcast. The child may interact with the program by sending responses through the Teddy (e.g. by pressing one or several of the buttons thereof, by touching an element of the toy given to him/her by the program or simply by speaking to the toy). The answers may be verified by the management unit  4 , and feedback may be given to the child regarding the correctness of the answers.  
      Sound messages may be output by one or more speakers built into the Teddy (for example, in the mouth of the teddy bear). The sound message may be based on the signal fed by the VoIP conversion. A microphone may also be built into the Teddy (e.g, in one or both ears  16 ) allowing the child to talk back. The input may again be encoded using VoIP and transmitted back to the control system  4 , where a speech recognition software could interpret what has been said. The control system  4  may then generate an appropriate response.  
      In accordance with a further embodiment the design of the controller  10  is such that mechanical movement of at least some parts thereof are enabled. This may affect the amount of battery power required, but would also add to the over-all design. For example, if the controller is in a form of a toy, e.g. the Teddy, movement of the mouth, eyes, head, limbs and ears of the toy are all possible. The movement may be controlled by the management unit  4  via the data network. For example, the movements of the various elements of the Teddy bear may follow the story of the program, or give feedback to the child based on the responses he/she has given to the questions. It should be appreciated that a similar control instruction mechanism may be employed to control the operation of any controller and/or the various components thereof that may be employed when implementing the embodiments of the present invention.  
      A further embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to  FIG. 3 . A video recorder  20  is shown to comprise a wireless module  21  that is capable to communicate with a base station  9 , preferably via a Bluetooth™ wireless link. The video recorder or similar program replaying apparatus is adapted to detect a time code or any other indication in the recorded program. The detection of the indication triggers signalling from the video recorder (VCR) towards the base station  9 , and further to a management unit  4  via a data network  6 . In response the management unit  4  may generate and transmit predefined content to be presented to the user of the recorder. The embodiment enables interactive viewing of recorded programs, the difference to  FIG. 1  embodiment being that the triggering event may originate from the video recorder  20  that is typically at the location of the viewer  14  rather than from the broadcasting system  25 .  
      The video recorder  20  may include in the transmission information that identifies the program and/or the user and so on. The presentation of the content to the user may occur either by means of the video recorder  20  (that is typically connected to a TV apparatus) or by a controller unit  10 . The controller  10  may be similar to the ones described in connection with  FIGS. 1 and 2 .  
      It should be appreciated that the replaying device  20  may be any device capable of presenting a program on a storage media, such as on a video tape, digital video disk (DAD), on computer disk and so on and that the program to be shown via the TV screen does not necessarily need to be broadcast via a broadcasting system.  
      According to a further embodiment, the video recorder  20  or the TV apparatus and the controller  10  may communicate with each other over a wireless link  23  or via the base station  9 . In the latter case the base station acts as an interfacing element between the various devices, such as  10  and  20  connected thereto.  
      According to an embodiment, the video recorder  20  or the TV apparatus is, provided with means for detecting a predefined event from the broadcast signal. The means may comprise e.g. a dongle adapted to interpret the time-code from the broadcast signal. After detection of the event, a message is sent over the short range link either to the base station  9  or the controller  10 . This embodiment enables an arrangement where it is not necessary to have a communication link (such as link  17  in  FIG. 1 ) between the broadcasting system  25  and the management unit  4 . This is enabled even in instances where the user is viewing a program that is not recorded and/or replayed by the recorder  20 , but is only received and immediately represented by the TV apparatus. In addition, the embodiment may enable presentation of the additional content by means of the TV apparatus, e.g. via an additional window opened on the screen thereof or by replacing the picture on the screen that is based on the broadcast signal by a picture that is based on data communicated from the management unit  4 .  
      The messaging between the video recorder  20  and the base station  9  may also “hop” via the controller  10 . Before the next hop, the user of the controller  10  may confirm that data is actually to be transmitted to the remote management unit  4  or to the video recorder  20  and/or the TV apparatus.  
       FIG. 4  shows a preferred alternative for the wireless data communication interface. In the  FIG. 4  embodiment the data network  6  comprises a network that is capable of providing wireless packet switched data communication services, such as a General Packet Radio Service GPRS network, EDGE (enhanced data rate for GSM evolution) Mobile Data Network or an appropriate third generation telecommunication system such as a CDMA (code division multiple access) or TDMA (time division multiple access) based 3  rd  generation telecommunication systems referred to as Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) The GPRS network is described in more detail for example in 3GPP technical specification 3G TS 23.060 “General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Service Description; Stage 2”, January 2000. This document is incorporated herein by reference. A UMTS system that is based on a WCDMA (wideband code division multiple access) is described in more detail e.g. in UMTS related 3GPP technical specifications. Other suitable packet data telecommunication standards include, without limiting to these, IS-95 and International Mobile Telecommunication System 2000.  
      If the data communication is based on use of the pub is land line mobile networks (PENN), then the base station  9  would be provided by means of a base station of the PLMN system instead of a short range radio link home base station of  FIG. 1 . The controller  10  may be enabled to communicate directly with said PLMN base station  9 . To enable this, the controller  10  may contain e.g. a GPRS transceiver module and an appropriate data processing unit, such as a Symbian EPOC micro-processor. The EPOC platform may be used because it supports Wireless Application Technology (WAP) and may be used with a Voice Over IP (VoIP) client. According to an alternative embodiment the short range radio link home base station is enabled to communicate with the base station of the PLMN systems.  
      Data rates up to 115 kbit/s may be transmitted via the wireless interface in accordance with the present GPRS specifications, although the rate may be even more in the future applications. This enables wireless transmission of information at a speed that may be used in the embodiments. The introduction of GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is one of the key steps in the evolution of today&#39;s 2 nd  generation networks, such as the GSM (Global System for Mobile) to third generation systems, and the first commercial GPRS services are believed to be launched in near future. Following the arrival of GPRS, a further step in the bandwidth model is believed to occur with EDGE, with speeds of up to 384kbit/s being possible. The bandwidth potential of the  3   rd  generation systems such as the UMTS or IMT 2000 (International Mobile Telecommunication System 2000) or IS-95 is in the first phase believed to be up to 2 Mbit/s, and even more in the future. The inventor has found that the wireless packet switched services will enable the embodiments of the invention due to their capability of providing wireless high speed data connection that was not facilitated by the conventional circuit switched wireless connections.  
      An advantage of the packet switched services when compared to the conventional data services is that the packet switched service will always be available. The packet switched service are thus also referred to as connectionless services, as there will not be any communication circuits. Instead, each of the data packets is provided with an address and the individual packet are routed to the destination based on the address information. This means that the users are always connected and always on-line, and thus the management unit  4  will be easy and quick to access. Another benefit is that the user of the packet switched services may pay only for the content used and not the length of time connected. This enables a seamless access to a whole range of new and existing Internet Protocol (IP) based services. The viewers will be able to stay permanently logged-on to the interactive services and to send data to and to receive data the management unit with large file attachments in an instant. Since the viewers may be always connected and always on-line, the interactive services will be easy and quick to access and, with the capability to charge per data bit sent and received, customers will be able to pay only for the usage of the data transmission resources, e.g. per a data packet transmitted.  
      According to an embodiment, wireless application protocol (WAP) technology may be employed for the wireless transmission. For example, the display and selection buttons built into the controller  10  may also be based on the use of the wireless application protocol (WAP).  
      The user may also be able to customise the interactive service based e.g. on an HTML interface and a PC. In addition to receiving content and/or interacting with the programs, the user may also use the controller to other purposes, such as for ordering e.g. video-on-demand type services or goods/services offered by the broadcast program.  
      According to a further embodiment, the management unit  4  may be used for selective marketing towards the users of the system. For example, the unit  4  may trigger commercial or other content to be transported to a selected user based on the information of the user and also of the program he/she is currently viewing. A user who has registered as a fan of football club A would receive different information that user who is registered as a club B fan, and son.  
      According to a further embodiment, instead of being rather an entertainer or an information provider, the user device may be used as a companion or security device for the user thereof. The user device  10  may be adapted to be used as a reminder device under the control of the management unit  4 . It may also comprise a “panic button” type function, which may be used e.g. by the elderly to get help. The panic button function may be activated by pressing a key or by a voice prompt.  
      It should be appreciated that whilst embodiments of the present invention have been described in relation to some specific types of programs and user equipment, embodiments of the present invention are applicable to any other suitable type of control equipment and programmes. For example, the programs may ask the viewers to express their opinion or give their vote in issues raised by the program.  
      It is also noted herein that while the above describes exemplifying embodiments of the invention, there are several variations and modifications which may be made to the disclosed solution without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.