Patent Publication Number: US-11640090-B2

Title: Display device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-047325, filed Mar. 22, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     FIELD 
     Embodiments described herein relate generally to a display device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In recent years, various display devices with built-in touch sensors have been proposed. In one example, a display device is disclosed in which a plurality of electrodes formed on a display panel play the role of sensor electrodes when in a touch sensing mode and play the role of common electrodes when in a display mode. As a touch sensing method, either a mutual-capacitive method or a self-capacitive method is applied. In the touch sensing mode, sensing is performed by applying a touch drive voltage to the sensor electrode through a signal line. 
     In a display device equipped with a touch sensor in which island-shaped sensor electrodes are lined up in a matrix, a structure is known in which the pixel electrode is connected to a semiconductor layer via three layers of electrodes, which are a drain electrode on the same layer as a signal line, a metal electrode on the same layer as a metal line, and a transparent electrode on the same layer as the sensor electrode. 
     The display device is also equipped with a spacer to maintain a cell gap between first and second substrates. For example, a configuration in which the spacer disposed on the first substrate and the spacer disposed on the second substrate intersect and face each other is known. This configuration can suppress the occurrence of scraping, etc., of an alignment film by the spacer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a plan view showing the appearance of a display device of the present embodiment. 
         FIG.  2    is a plan view showing a configuration example of a touch sensor. 
         FIG.  3    is a plan view showing the relationship between a pixel and a sensor electrode shown in  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  4    shows a basic configuration and an equivalent circuit of a pixel. 
         FIG.  5    is a plan view showing an example of a pixel layout. 
         FIG.  6    is a plan view showing the periphery of a subspacer. 
         FIG.  7    is a cross-sectional view of a display panel taken along line A-B shown in  FIG.  6   . 
         FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an external force is applied to the display panel shown in  FIG.  7   . 
         FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view of the display panel taken along line C-D shown in  FIG.  6   . 
         FIG.  10    is a plan view showing the periphery of a main spacer. 
         FIG.  11    is a cross-sectional view of the display panel taken along line E-F shown in  FIG.  10   . 
         FIG.  12    is a plan view showing the periphery of a subspacer. 
         FIG.  13    is a plan view showing the periphery of a main spacer. 
         FIG.  14    shows a dummy line. 
         FIG.  15    shows a metal line. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In general, according to one embodiment, a display device comprising a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate comprises a scanning line extending in a first direction, a first signal line extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, a first insulating film covering the first signal line, a first metal line disposed on the first insulating film and extending in a manner overlapping the first signal line, an island-shaped metal electrode disposed on the first insulating film and formed by the same material as the first metal line, a second insulating film covering the first metal line and the metal electrode, and a common electrode disposed on the second insulating film, the second insulating film comprises, a band-shaped first thick film portion extending in the first direction and overlapping the scanning line and the metal electrode, an island-shaped second thick film portion overlapping the first metal line and the common electrode, a first contact hole penetrating the first thick film portion to the metal electrode, and a second contact hole penetrating the second thick film portion to the first metal line, a first thickness of the first thick film portion and a second thickness of the second thick film portion are larger than a film thickness of the second insulating film between the first thick film portion and the second thick film portion, and the second substrate comprises a spacer that protrudes toward the first substrate and overlaps the first thick film portion. 
     Embodiments will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The disclosure is merely an example, and proper changes within the spirit of the invention, which are easily conceivable by a skilled person, are included in the scope of the invention as a matter of course. In addition, in some cases, in order to make the description clearer, the widths, thicknesses, shapes, etc., of the respective parts are schematically illustrated in the drawings, compared to the actual modes. However, the schematic illustration is merely an example, and adds no restrictions to the interpretation of the invention. Besides, in the specification and drawings, the same or similar elements as or to those described in connection with preceding drawings or those exhibiting similar functions are denoted by like reference numerals, and a detailed description thereof is omitted unless otherwise necessary. 
     First Embodiment 
     First, a display device DSP according to the present embodiment will be described in detail. In the present embodiment, a case in which the display device DSP is a liquid crystal display is described. 
       FIG.  1    is a plan view showing the appearance of a display device of the present embodiment. In the following descriptions, for example, a first direction X, a second direction Y and a third direction Z are orthogonal to each other, but they may intersect at an angle other than 90 degrees. The first direction X and the second direction Y correspond to the directions parallel to a main surface of a substrate that constitutes the display device DSP. The third direction Z is equivalent to a thickness direction of the display device DSP. In the following descriptions, a direction forwarding a tip of an arrow indicating the third direction Z is referred to as “upward” and a direction forwarding oppositely from the tip of the arrow is referred to as “downward”. Further, when it is assumed that there is an observation position to observe the display device DSP on a tip side of an arrow in a third direction Z, viewing from this observation position toward the X-Y plane defined by the first direction X and the second direction Y is referred to as a planar view. 
     Here, a plan view of the display device DSP in the X-Y plane is shown. The display device DSP comprises a display panel PNL, a flexible printed circuit board  1 , an IC chip  2 , and a circuit board  3 . 
     The display panel PNL is a liquid crystal display panel and comprises a first substrate SUB 1 , a second substrate SUB 2 , a seal SE, a light-shielding layer BM, spacers SP 1  to SP 4 , and a liquid crystal layer LC to be described later. The display panel PNL also comprises a display section DA that displays images and a frame-shaped non-display section NDA that surrounds the display section DA. The second substrate SUB 2  faces the first substrate SUB 1 . The first substrate SUB 1  includes a mounting section MA that is extended in the second direction Y more than the second substrate SUB 2 . The first substrate SUB  1  is a semiconductor substrate including a plurality of thin-film transistors and may be referred to as an array substrate. The second substrate SUB 2  includes a color filter layer CF as described below, and may be referred to as a color filter substrate. 
     The seal SE is located in the non-display section NDA and adheres the first substrate SUB 1  and the second substrate SUB 2 . The light-shielding layer BM is located in the non-display section NDA. The seal SE is located at a position superposing the light-shielding layer BM in planar view. In  FIG.  1   , an area in which the seal SE is disposed and an area in which the light-shielding layer BM is disposed are shown by different diagonal lines, and an area in which the seal SE and the light-shielding layer BM superpose is shown by cross-hatching. The light-shielding layer BM is provided on the second substrate SUB 2 . 
     The spacers SP 1  to SP 4  are all located in the non-display section NDA. The spacer SP 1  is located at the outermost periphery of the display panel PNL. The spacer SP 2  is located more on the display section DA side than the spacer SP 1 . The spacers SP 1  and SP 2  are superposed on the seal SE. The spacers SP 3  and SP 4  are located more on the display section DA side than the seal SE. 
     The display section DA is located inside an area surrounded by the light-shielding layer BM. The display panel PNL comprises a plurality of pixels PX arranged in a matrix in a first direction X and the second direction Y in the display section DA. 
     The flexible printed circuit board  1  is mounted on the mounting section MA and connected to the circuit board  3 . The IC chip  2  is mounted on the flexible printed circuit board  1 . Note that the IC chip  2  may be mounted on the mounting section MA. The IC chip  2  has a built-in display driver DD that outputs signals necessary for displaying images in a display mode that displays images. In the example shown in the drawing, the IC chip  2  has a built-in touch controller TC that controls a touch sensing mode to detect the approach or contact of an object to the display device DSP. In the drawing, the IC chip  2  is shown with a dashed line, and the display driver DD and the touch controller TC are shown with dotted lines. 
     The display panel PNL of the present embodiment may be one of a transmissive type provided with a transmissive display function that displays images by selectively transmitting light from the rear side of the first substrate SUB 1 , a reflective type provided with a reflective display function that displays images by selectively reflecting light from the front side of the second substrate SUB 2 , and a semi-transmissive type provided with the transmissive display function and the reflective display function. 
     The detailed configuration of the display panel PNL is omitted here. However, the display panel PNL may be provided with any of the following configurations corresponding to a display mode that uses a horizontal electric field along the substrate main surface, a display mode that uses a vertical electric field along the normal line of the substrate main surface, a display mode that uses a tilted electric field inclined in an oblique direction to the substrate main surface, and, further, a display mode that uses a combination of the above horizontal electric field, vertical electric field, and tilted electric field as appropriate. The substrate main surface here is a surface parallel to the X-Y plane defined by the first direction X and the second direction Y. 
       FIG.  2    shows a plan view of a configuration example of a touch sensor TS. Here, a self-capacitive type touch sensor TS is described; however, the touch sensor TS may also be a mutual-capacitive type. 
     The touch sensor TS comprises a plurality of sensor electrodes Rx (Rx 1 , Rx 2  . . . ) arranged in a matrix and a plurality of sensor lines L (L 1 , L 2  . . . ). The plurality of sensor electrodes Rx are located in the display section DA and are arranged in a matrix in the first direction X and the second direction Y. One sensor electrode Rx configures one sensor block B. A sensor block B is the smallest unit capable of touch sensing. The plurality of sensor lines L extend along the second direction Y and are lined up in the first direction X, respectively, in the display section DA. Each of the sensor lines L is provided, for example, at a position superposed on the signal line S which will be described later. Each of the sensor lines L is pulled out to the non-display section NDA and electrically connected to the IC chip  2  via the flexible printed circuit board  1 . 
     Here, the relationship between the sensor lines L 1  to L 3  lined up in the first direction X and the sensor electrodes Rx 1  to Rx 3  lined up in the second direction Y will be focused. The sensor line L 1  is superposed on the sensor electrodes Rx 1  to Rx 3 , and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 1 . 
     The sensor line L 2  is superposed on the sensor electrodes Rx 2  and Rx 3 , and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 2 . A dummy line D 20  is separated from the sensor line L 2 . The dummy line D 20  is superposed on the sensor electrode Rx 1  and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 1 . The sensor line L 2  and the dummy line D 20  are located on the same signal line. 
     The sensor line L 3  is superposed on the sensor electrode Rx 3  and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 3 . A dummy line D 31  is superposed on the sensor electrode Rx 1  and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 1 . A dummy line D 32  is separated from dummy line D 31  and the sensor line L 3 . The dummy line D 32  is superposed on the sensor electrode Rx 2  and is electrically connected to the sensor electrode Rx 2 . The sensor line L 3  and the dummy lines D 31  and D 32  are located on the same signal line. 
     In the touch sensing mode, the touch controller TC applies a touch drive voltage to the sensor line L. As a result, the touch drive voltage is applied to the sensor electrode Rx, and sensing is performed at the sensor electrode Rx. A sensor signal corresponding to the sensing result at the sensor electrode Rx is output to the touch controller TC via the sensor line L. The touch controller TC or an external host detects the presence or absence of the approach or contact of an object to the display device DSP and the position coordinates of the object based on the sensor signal. 
     Note that, in the display mode, the sensor electrode Rx functions as a common electrode to which a common voltage (Vcom) is applied. The common voltage is applied via the sensor line L from the voltage supply unit included in, for example, the display driver DD. 
       FIG.  3    is a plan view showing the relationship between the pixel PX and the sensor electrode Rx shown in  FIG.  2   . In  FIG.  3   , a direction that intersects the second direction Y counterclockwise at an acute angle is defined as a direction D 1 , and a direction that intersects the second direction Y clockwise at an acute angle is defined as a direction D 2 . Note that an angle θ 1  between the second direction Y and the direction D 1  is almost the same as an angle θ 2  between the second direction Y and the direction D 2 . 
     One sensor electrode Rx is disposed over a plurality of pixels PX. Each pixel PX includes a portion extending along the direction D 1  and a portion extending along the direction D 2 . Note that the pixel PX here indicates the smallest unit that can be individually controlled according to a pixel signal, and may sometimes be referred to as a sub-pixel. The smallest unit to realize color display may sometimes be referred to as a main pixel MP. The main pixel MP is configured by comprising a plurality of sub-pixels PX that display different colors from each other. In one example, the main pixel MP comprises a red pixel that displays red, a green pixel that displays green, and a blue pixel that displays blue as sub-pixels PX. The main pixel MP may also comprise a white pixel that displays white color. 
     In one example, 60 to 70 main pixels MP are disposed along the first direction X and 60 to 70 main pixels MP are disposed along the second direction Y on one sensor electrode Rx. 
       FIG.  4    shows a basic configuration and equivalent circuit of the pixel PX. 
     A plurality of scanning lines G are connected to a scanning line drive circuit GD. A plurality of signal lines S are connected to a signal line drive circuit SD. Note that the scanning lines G and the signal lines S do not necessarily have to extend in a straight line, and some of them may be bent. For example, the signal line S is assumed to extend in the second direction Y even if a part of it is bent. 
     A common electrode CE is provided for each sensor block B. The common electrodes CE are connected to a voltage supply unit CD of the common voltage (Vcom) and are arranged over a plurality of pixels PX. Each of the common electrodes CE is also connected to the touch controller TC as described above, and form the sensor electrode Rx to which the touch drive voltage is applied in the touch sensing mode. 
     Each pixel PX comprises a switching element SW, a pixel electrode PE, a common electrode CE, and a liquid crystal layer LC, etc. The switching element SW is configured by a thin-film transistor (TFT), for example, and is electrically connected to the scanning line G and the signal line S. The scanning line G is connected to the switching element SW in each of the pixels PX lined up in the first direction X. The signal line S is connected to the switching element SW in each of the pixels PX lined up in the second direction Y. The pixel electrode PE is electrically connected to the switching element SW. Each of the pixel electrodes PE faces the common electrode CE, and drives the liquid crystal layer LC by an electric field generated between the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode CE. A holding capacitor CS is formed, for example, between an electrode of the same potential as the common electrode CE and an electrode of the same potential as the pixel electrode PE. 
       FIG.  5    is a plan view showing an example of a pixel layout. 
     The scanning lines G 1  and G 2  each extend linearly along the first direction X, and are lined up at intervals in the second direction Y. The signal lines S 1  to S 3  each extend generally along the second direction Y, and are lined up at intervals in the first direction X. The display panel PNL comprises metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  extending generally along the second direction Y and lined up at intervals in the first direction X. The metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  extend in a manner overlapping the signal lines S 1  to S 3 , respectively. Each of the metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  has a first portion PT 1  extending generally in the second direction Y and a second portion PT 2  having a width W 12  larger than a width W 11  of the first portion PT 1  in the first direction X. The second portion PT 2  corresponds to an extended portion that is extended to connect with the common electrode CE. 
     Pixel electrodes PE 1  and PE 2  are disposed between the scanning lines G 1  and G 2 . The pixel electrodes PE 1  and PE 2  are lined up along the first direction X. The pixel electrode PE 1  is disposed between the signal lines S 1  and S 2 , and the pixel electrode PE 2  is disposed between the signal lines S 2  and S 3 . 
     The pixel electrodes PE 1  and PE 2  include strip electrodes Pa 1  and Pa 2 , respectively. Each of the strip electrodes Pa 1  and Pa 2  has a portion extending along the direction D 1  and a portion extending along the direction D 2 . In the example shown in the drawing, there are four strip electrodes Pa 1  and Pa 2  respectively. However, the strip electrodes Pa 1  and Pa 2  may each be three or less, or five or more. 
     The common electrode CE is disposed over the pixels PX 1  and PX 2 . The common electrode CE is included in one sensor electrode Rx shown in  FIG.  2   . The common electrode CE is superposed on the signal lines S 1  to S 3 . In the example shown in the drawing, the common electrode CE is not superposed on the scanning lines G 1  and G 2 . The pixel electrodes PE 1  and PE 2  are superposed on the common electrode CE. 
       FIG.  6    is a plan view showing the periphery of a subspacer SSP. In the example shown in the drawing, the display panel PNL comprises the above-mentioned metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  and scanning line G 2 , metal electrodes ME 1  and ME 2 , an insulating film  15 , the light-shielding layer BM, and the subspacer SSP. 
     The metal electrode ME 1  is located between the metal line ML 1  and the metal line ML 2  and is formed in an island shape. The metal electrode ME 2  is located between the metal line ML 2  and the metal line ML 3  and is formed in an island shape. 
     The insulating film  15  is disposed on almost the entire surface of the display panel PNL. The insulating film  15  comprises a band-shaped first thick film portion  61  extending in the first direction X, and a plurality of island-shaped second thick film portions  62 . In  FIG.  6   , the area where the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  are located is indicated by diagonal lines. The first thick film portion  61  overlaps the scanning line G 2  and the metal electrodes ME 1  and ME 2 . The plurality of second thick film portions  62  overlap with the second portion PT 2  of the metal lines ML 1  to ML 3 , respectively. 
     The insulating film  15  has a contact hole (a first contact hole) CH 11  overlapping the metal electrode ME 1 , a contact hole CH 12  overlapping the metal electrode ME 2 , and a contact hole (a second contact hole) CH 13  overlapping the second portion PT 2 . The contact holes CH 11  and CH 12  are formed in the first thick film portion  61 . The contact hole CH 13  is formed in the second thick film portion  62 . 
     The first thick film portion  61  includes end portions  61 A and  61 B extending in the first direction X. The end portion  61 A is located on the scanning line G 2  side of the contact hole CH 11 , and the end portion  61 B is located on the opposite side of the end portion  61 A. A width W 1  between the contact hole CH 11  and the end portion  61 A is 2 μm or more. Similarly, a width W 2  between the contact hole CH 11  and the end portion  61 B is 2 μm or more. In addition, a width W 3  between the contact hole CH 13  and the outer edge of the second thick film portion  62  is 1 to 3 μm. 
     The light-shielding layer BM includes a first light-shielding portion BM 1  overlapping the first thick film portion  61  and extending in the first direction X, a second light-shielding portion BM 2  overlapping the metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  and extending in the second direction Y, and a light-shielding extended portion BM 3  located at an intersection of the first light-shielding portion BM 1  and the second light-shielding portion BM 2  which overlaps with the metal line ML 2 . The first light-shielding portion BM 1  also overlaps with the scanning line G 2  and the metal electrodes ME 1  and ME 2 . The second light-shielding portion BM 2  also overlaps with the signal lines S 1  to S 3  shown in  FIG.  5   . In addition, the second portion PT 2  of each of the metal lines ML 1  to ML 3  overlaps with the second light-shielding portion BM 2 . A width W 13  of the first light-shielding portion BM 1  along the second direction Y is larger than a width W 14  of the second light-shielding portion BM 2  along the first direction X. The light-shielding extended portion BM 3  is extended in the second direction Y more than the first light-shielding portion BM 1  and is extended in the first direction X more than the second light-shielding portion BM 2  in planar view. The area that does not overlap with the first light-shielding portion BM 1 , the second light-shielding portion BM 2 , and the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  corresponds to a transmissive area of the pixel. 
     The width W 13  of the first light-shielding portion BM 1  along the second direction Y is larger than a width W 15  of the first thick film portion  61  along the second direction Y. In addition, the end portion  61 A and the end portion  61 B of the first thick film portion  61  overlap with the first light-shielding portion BM 1 . That is, the first thick film portion  61  is not exposed from the first light-shielding portion BM 1 . The first light-shielding portion BM 1  includes end portions BMA and BMB extending in the first direction X. The end portion BMA is located on the scanning line G 2  side of the contact hole CH 11 , and the end portion BMB is located on the opposite side of the end portion BMA. A width W 21  between the end portion  61 A and the end portion BMA is 1 to 3 μm. Similarly, a width W 22  between the end portion  61 B and the end portion BMB is 1 to 3 μm. The second thick film portion  62  overlaps with the second light-shielding portion BM 2 . A part of the second thick film portion  62  may be exposed from the second light-shielding portion BM 2 . 
     The subspacer SSP overlaps with the first thick film portion  61 . The subspacer SSP overlaps with the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  and the metal line ML 2 . 
       FIG.  7    is a cross-sectional view of the display panel PNL taken along line A-B shown in  FIG.  6   . 
     The first substrate SUB 1  comprises an insulating substrate  10 , insulating films  11  to  16 , a semiconductor layer SC, the scanning line G 2 , the signal line S 2 , the metal line ML 2 , the common electrode CE, the pixel electrode PE, and an alignment film AL 1 . 
     The insulating substrate  10  is a light transmissive substrate such as a glass substrate or a flexible resin substrate. The insulating film  11  is located on the insulating substrate  10 . The semiconductor layer SC is located on the insulating film  11 . The semiconductor layer SC is formed, for example, by polycrystalline silicon, but may also be formed by amorphous silicon or an oxide semiconductor. The insulating film  12  covers the semiconductor layer SC and is located on the insulating film  11 . 
     The scanning line G 2  is located on the insulating film  12 . The scanning line G 2  is formed by metal materials such as aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), etc., or an alloy combining these metal materials. It may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In one example, the scanning line G 2  is formed of a molybdenum-tungsten alloy. The insulating film  13  covers the scanning line G 2  and is located on the insulating film  12 . 
     The signal line (first signal line) S 2  is located on the insulating film  13 . The signal line S 2  is formed by metal materials such as aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), etc., or an alloy combining these metal materials. It may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In one example, the signal line S 2  is a stacked layer body in which a first layer containing titanium (Ti), a second layer containing aluminum (Al), and a third layer containing titanium (Ti) are stacked in this order. The insulating film (first insulating film)  14  covers the signal line S 2  and is located on the insulating film  13 . 
     The metal line (first metal line) ML 2  is located on the insulating film  14 . The metal line ML 2  is formed by the above metal materials or an alloy combining the above metal materials, and may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. In one example, the metal line ML 2  is a stacked layer body in which a first layer containing titanium (Ti), a second layer containing aluminum (Al), and a third layer containing titanium (Ti) are stacked in this order, or a stacked layer body in which a first layer containing molybdenum (Mo), a second layer containing aluminum (Al), and a third layer containing molybdenum (Mo) are stacked in this order. The insulating film (second insulating film)  15  covers the metal line ML 2  and is located on the insulating film  14 . The insulating film  15  protrudes toward the second substrate SUB 2  at the first thick film portion  61 . 
     The common electrode CE is located on the insulating film  15 . The common electrode CE is a transparent electrode formed by a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO). The insulating film (third insulating film)  16  covers the common electrode CE and is located on the insulating film  15 . The insulating film  16  covers the first thick film portion  61 . 
     The pixel electrode PE is located on the insulating film  16 . The pixel electrode PE is a transparent electrode formed by a transparent conductive material such as ITO or IZO. The alignment film AL 1  covers the pixel electrode PE and is located on the insulating film  16 . The alignment film AL 1  covers the first thick film portion  61  via the insulating film  16 . 
     The insulating films  11  to  13  and the insulating film  16  are inorganic insulating films formed by inorganic insulating materials such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, etc., and may be a single-layer structure or a multi-layer structure. The insulating films  14  and  15  are organic insulating films formed by, for example, organic insulating materials such as acrylic resin. 
     The second substrate SUB 2  comprises an insulating substrate  20 , the light-shielding layer BM, the color filter layer CF, an overcoat layer OC, the subspacer SSP, and an alignment film AL 2 . 
     Similar to the insulating substrate  10 , the insulating substrate  20  is a light transmissive substrate such as a glass substrate or a resin substrate. The light-shielding layer BM and the color filter layer CF are located on a side of the insulating substrate  20  facing the first substrate SUB 1 . The color filter layer CF includes a color filter CF 1  of a first color and a color filter CF 2  of a second color. The color filter layer CF further includes a color filter of a third color, which is not shown in the drawing. The first color, the second color, and the third color are different from each other. In one example, the first, the second, and the third colors are one of red, green, and blue. 
     The overcoat layer OC covers the color filter layer CF. The overcoat layer OC is formed by a transparent resin. The subspacer SSP is provided under the overcoat layer OC and protrudes toward the first substrate SUB 1 . The subspacer SSP is separated from the first substrate SUB 1 . The alignment film AL 2  covers the overcoat layer OC. The alignment films AL 1  and AL 2  are formed, for example, by a material that exhibits horizontal alignment property. 
     The above-described first substrate SUB 1  and second substrate SUB 2  are disposed so that the alignment films AL 1  and AL 2  face each other. The first substrate SUB 1  and the second substrate SUB 2  are bonded by sealing in a state where a predetermined cell gap is formed. The liquid crystal layer LC is located between the first substrate SUB 1  and the second substrate SUB 2 . The liquid crystal layer LC comprises liquid crystal molecules LM. The liquid crystal layer LC is configured by a positive type (positive dielectric constant anisotropy) liquid crystal material or a negative type (negative dielectric constant anisotropy) liquid crystal material. 
     An optical element OD 1  including a polarizing plate PL 1  is bonded to the insulating substrate  10 . An optical element OD 2  including a polarizing plate PL 2  is bonded to the insulating substrate  20 . Note that the optical elements OD 1  and OD 2  may also comprise retardation plates, scattering layers, anti-reflection layers, etc., as necessary. 
     In such a display panel PNL, in an off-state where no electric field is formed between the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode CE, the liquid crystal molecules LM are initially aligned in a predetermined direction between the alignment films AL 1  and AL 2 . In such an off-state, the light irradiated from an illumination device IL toward the display panel PNL is absorbed by the optical elements OD 1  and OD 2 , resulting in a dark display. On the other hand, in an on-state where an electric field is formed between the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode CE, the liquid crystal molecules LM are aligned in a direction different from the initially aligned direction by the electric field, and the alignment direction is controlled by the electric field. In such an on-state, a part of the light from the illumination device IL passes through the optical elements OD 1  and OD 2 , resulting in a bright display. 
     A first effect of the present embodiment will now be explained. 
       FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an external force is applied to the display panel PNL shown in  FIG.  7   . In the drawing, the external force is indicated by arrows. 
     In some cases, the display panel PNL may be bent by an external force and cause the subspacer SSP to scratch and damage the alignment film AL 1  in the lateral direction. In the area where the alignment film AL 1  is damaged, alignment disorder occurs in which the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules differs from the desired alignment. When the subspacer SSP is returned to its original position, in a case where the area in which the alignment disorder has occurred does not overlap with the light-shielding layer BM, light leakage of the display panel PNL occurs. In addition, if the light-shielding layer BM is extended to cover the damaged portion of the alignment film AL 1 , the transmittance of the pixels will be reduced. 
     According to the present embodiment, the first substrate SUB 1  comprises the first thick film portion  61  formed on the insulating film  15 . The subspacer SSP faces the first thick film portion  61 . Therefore, when an external force is applied to the display panel PNL, as is shown in  FIG.  8   , the subspacer SSP abuts the first substrate SUB 1  on the first thick film portion  61 , but is separated from the first substrate SUB 1  at a position where it does not overlap with the first thick film portion  61 . In other words, this allows the alignment film AL 1  from being damaged by the subspacer SSP outside the first thick film portion  61 . Accordingly, the area in which the subspacer SSP may damage the alignment film AL 1  can be reduced. Therefore, the area of the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  for covering the damaged area of the alignment film AL 1  can be reduced, thereby improving the transmittance of the pixel. 
     In some cases, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the alignment film AL 1  located on the first thick film portion  61  may be damaged. Therefore, as shown in  FIG.  6   , the first light-shielding portion BM 1  covers the first thick film portion  61 . Therefore, the light leakage of the display panel PNL due to the alignment disorder on the first thick film portion  61  can be suppressed. 
       FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view of the display panel PNL taken along line C-D shown in  FIG.  6   . Note that, in  FIG.  9   , the layer between the insulating substrate  10  and the insulating film  13  is collectively referred to as a configuration layer  30 . The configuration layer  30  includes the above-mentioned insulating films  11  and  12 , semiconductor layer SC, and scanning line G 2 , etc. 
     In addition to the above-mentioned configuration, the first substrate SUB 1  comprises the signal line S 1 , a drain electrode DE, the metal line ML 1 , the metal electrode ME 1 , and a transparent electrode TE, etc. The drain electrode DE and the signal lines S 1  and S 2  are located on the insulating film  13  and covered by the insulating film  14 . The drain electrode DE is formed by the same material as the signal lines S 1  and S 2 . The drain electrode DE is disposed between the signal lines S 1  and S 2 . 
     The metal electrode ME 1  and the metal lines ML 1  and ML 2  are located on the insulating film  14  and covered by the insulating film  15 . The metal electrode ME 1  is formed by the same material as the metal lines ML 1  and ML 2 . The metal electrode ME 1  is in contact with the drain electrode DE at the contact hole CH 1  formed in the insulating film  14 . The contact hole CH 1  penetrates the insulating film  14  to the drain electrode DE. 
     The transparent electrode TE and the common electrode CE are located on the insulating film  15  and covered by the insulating film  16 . The transparent electrode TE is formed by the same material as the common electrode CE. The transparent electrode TE is in contact with the metal electrode ME 1  at the contact hole CH 11  formed in the insulating film  15 . The common electrode CE is in contact with the metal line ML 2  at the contact hole CH 13  formed in the insulating film  15 . The contact hole CH 11  penetrates the first thick film portion  61  to the metal electrode ME 1 . The contact hole CH 13  penetrates the second thick film portion  62  to the metal line ML 2 . The common electrode CE overlaps with the second thick film portion  62 . 
     The pixel electrode PE is located on the insulating film  16  and covered by the alignment film AL 1 . The pixel electrode PE is in contact with the transparent electrode TE at the contact hole (third contact hole) CH 2  formed in the insulating film  16 . The contact hole CH 2  penetrates the insulating film  16  to the transparent electrode TE. The drain electrode DE, the metal electrode ME 1 , the transparent electrode TE, and the pixel electrode PE overlap in the third direction Z. 
     The first thick film portion  61  has a first thickness T 1 . The second thick film portion  62  has a second thickness T 2 . The insulating film  15  has a film thickness TH between the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62 . The first thickness T 1  and the second thickness T 2  are each larger than the film thickness TH. The first thickness T 1  corresponds to a gap between the highest position of the first thick film portion  61  and the insulating film  14 . The second thickness T 2  corresponds to a gap between the highest position of the second thick film portion  62  and the insulating film  14 . The first thickness T 1  and the second thickness T 2  are equal to each other. 
     A second effect of the present embodiment will now be explained. 
     The contact holes CH 11  and CH 13  are collectively formed by forming a mask with holes on the insulating film  15  and then exposing it. However, for example, in a case where the thickness of the insulating film  15  is different at positions where the respective contact holes CH 11  and CH 13  are to be formed, the amount of exposure required to form the respective contact holes CH 11  and CH 13  will be different. Therefore, if the exposure is made in accordance with the film thickness of a position where one of the contact holes is to be formed, problems such as deformation, non-penetration, and dimensional deviation and variation may occur for the other contact hole. 
     According to the present embodiment, the second thick film portion  62  is formed at a position where the contact hole CH 13  is formed. In addition, the first thickness T 1  of the first thick film portion  61  and the second thickness T 2  of the second thick film portion  62  are equal to each other. Therefore, even if the contact holes CH 11  and CH 13  are formed with the same amount of exposure, it is possible to suppress the deformation, non-penetration, and dimensional deviation and variation, etc., of the contact hole. 
     Note that, in the present embodiment, the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  are formed on an organic insulating film; however, it is not limited to this example, and the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  can be formed on any inorganic insulating film having a certain film thickness or more. That is, the insulating film  15  may be an inorganic insulating film with a certain film thickness or more. In addition, the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  are disposed in the same pattern as described above even in pixels where the subspace SSP is not disposed. 
       FIG.  10    is a plan view showing the periphery of a main spacer MSP. Note that, since the main spacer MSP is disposed at a position different from the subspacer SSP, symbols of members in the periphery of the main spacer MSP are changed. However, the configurations other than the main spacer MSP and the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  are the same as those shown in  FIG.  6   . 
     The main spacer MSP overlaps with the first thick film portion  61 . Furthermore, the main spacer MSP overlaps with the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  and the metal line ML 12 . The area of the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  overlapping the main spacer MSP is, for example, formed larger than the area of the light-shielding extended portion BM 3  overlapping the subspacer SSP. Furthermore, the area of the main spacer MSP is formed smaller than the area of the subspacer SSP in planar view. 
     The display panel PNL comprises a plurality of main spacers MSP and a plurality of subspacers SSP. The number of main spacers MSP is smaller than the number of sub-spacers SSP. In a case where the display panel PNL is used in a personal computer, one main spacer MSP is disposed for, for example, four main pixels. On the other hand, the number of subspacers SSP as shown in  FIG.  6    is, for example, disposed six to seven times the number of main spacers MSP. Furthermore, in a case where the display panel PNL is used in a mobile device, one main spacer MSP is disposed for, for example, 16 main pixels. On the other hand, the number of subspacers SSP as shown in  FIG.  6    is, for example, disposed 14 to 15 times the number of main spacers MSP. Note that the number of these main spacers MSP and sub-spacers SSP is an example, and may be set in a ratio other than the above. 
       FIG.  11    is a cross-sectional view of the display panel PNL taken along line E-F shown in  FIG.  10   . 
     The main spacer MSP is provided under the overcoat layer OC and protrudes toward the first substrate SUB 1 . The main spacer MSP abuts the first substrate SUB 1  in a state where no external force is applied to the display panel PNL. That is, the main spacer MSP is in contact with the alignment film AL 1  at a position overlapping the first thick film portion  61 . 
     The same effect as the subspacer SSP described above can be obtained for also the main spacer MSP. 
     Second Embodiment 
       FIG.  12    is a plan view of the periphery of a subspacer SSP. The configuration shown in  FIG.  12    is different from the configuration shown in  FIG.  6    in that a first thick film portion  61  has a thick film extended portion  612 . 
     The first thick film portion  61  has a band-shaped portion  611  that overlaps with a first light-shielding portion BM 1  and a thick film extended portion  612  that overlaps with a light-shielding extended portion BM 3 . The thick film extended portion  612  is extended in the second direction Y more than the band-shaped portion  611  in planar view. The thick film extended portion  612  has a first outer edge EG 1  and a second outer edge EG 2  located on the opposite side of the first outer edge EG 1 . In the example shown in the drawing, the first outer edge EG 1  and the second outer edge EG 2  are arc-shaped in planar view. The first outer edge EG 1  and the second outer edge EG 2  overlap with the light-shielding extended portion BM 3 . The subspacer SSP overlaps with the thick film extended portion  612 . 
     The light-shielding extended portion BM 3  has an outer edge BMC. A width W 23  between the first outer edge EG 1  and the outer edge BMC may be equal to or greater than the width W 21  shown in  FIG.  6   . Furthermore, a width W 24  between the second outer edge EG 2  and the outer edge BMC may be equal to or greater than the width W 22  shown in  FIG.  6   . 
       FIG.  13    is a plan view of the periphery of the main spacer MSP. The configuration shown in  FIG.  13    is different from the configuration shown in  FIG.  10    in that the first thick film portion  61  has the thick film extended portion  612 . In addition, the configuration shown in  FIG.  13    differs from the configuration shown in  FIG.  12    mainly in that the areas of the light-shielding portion BM 3  and the thick film extended portion  612  are larger. 
     The main spacer MSP overlaps with the thick film extended portion  612 . The thick film extended portion  612  overlaps with metal electrodes ME 11  and ME 12 , and contact holes CH 21  and CH 22  are formed in the thick film extended portion  612 . 
     The width W 23  between the first outer edge EG 1  and the outer edge BMC may be equal to or greater than the width W 21 . Furthermore, the width W 24  between the second outer edge EG 2  and the outer edge BMC may be equal to or greater than the width W 22 . 
     Third Embodiment 
       FIG.  14    shows dummy lines D 41  and D 42 .  FIG.  14 ( a )  is a plan view of the dummy lines D 41  and D 42 . 
       FIG.  14 ( b )  is a cross-sectional view taken along the dummy lines D 41  and D 42 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  14 ( a ) , a signal line (second signal line) S 4  extends generally in the second direction Y. The dummy lines (first dummy line and second dummy line) D 41  and D 42  extend in a manner overlapping the signal line S 4 . An insulating film  15  comprises an island-shaped third thick film portion  63  located between the dummy lines D 41  and D 42 , and a dummy contact hole CH 33  overlapping the third thick film portion  63 . That is, the dummy contact hole CH 33  is located between the dummy lines D 41  and D 42 . A second light-shielding portion BM 2  overlaps with the signal line S 4 , the dummy lines D 41  and D 42 , the third thick film portion  63 , and the dummy contact hole CH 33 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  14 ( b ) , the signal line S 4  is located on an insulating film  13  and is covered by an insulating film  14 . The dummy lines D 41  and D 42  are disposed between the insulating film  14  and an insulating film  15 . The dummy lines D 41  and D 42  are separated from each other at positions overlapping a common electrode CE. The dummy contact hole CH 33  penetrates the third thick film portion  63  to the insulating film  14 . The common electrode CE is in contact with the insulating film  14  in the dummy contact hole CH 33 . The third thick film portion  63  has a third thickness T 3 . The third thickness T 3  is larger than the film thickness TH of the insulating film  15  between the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  shown in  FIG.  9   . The third thickness T 3  corresponds to a gap between the highest position of the third thick film portion  63  and the insulating film  14 . The third thickness T 3  is equal to the first thickness T 1  and the second thickness T 2  shown in  FIG.  9   . 
     As shown in  FIG.  14   , by forming the dummy contact hole CH 33  even at a point where the common electrode CE is not connected to the metal line, the film thickness can be made uniform when applying the alignment film AL 1 . 
     Fourth Embodiment 
       FIG.  15    shows a metal line ML 4 .  FIG.  15 ( a )  is a plan view of the metal line ML 4 .  FIG.  15 ( b )  is a cross-sectional view taken along the metal line ML 4 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  15 ( a ) , the metal line (second metal line) ML 4  extends generally in the second direction Y. An insulating film  15  comprises an island-shaped fourth thick film portion  64  that overlaps with the metal line ML 4 . A second light-shielding portion BM 2  overlaps with the metal line ML 4  and the fourth thick film portion  64 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  15 ( b ) , a signal line S 5  is located on an insulating film  13  and is covered by an insulating film  14 . The metal line ML 4  is disposed between the insulating film  14  and an insulating film  15 . A common electrode CE overlaps with the fourth thick film portion  64 . The common electrode CE and the metal line ML 4  are separated from each other in the entire area of the fourth thick film portion  64 . The fourth thick film portion  64  has a fourth thickness T 4 . The fourth thickness T 4  is larger than the thickness TH of the insulating film  15  between the first thick film portion  61  and the second thick film portion  62  shown in  FIG.  9   . The fourth thickness T 4  corresponds to a gap between the highest position of the fourth thick film portion  64  and the insulating film  14 . The fourth thickness T 4  is equal to the first thickness T 1  and the second thickness T 2  shown in  FIG.  9   . 
     As shown in  FIG.  15   , the fourth thick film portion  64  may be formed even at a point where the common electrode CE is not connected to the metal line ML 4 . 
     As explained above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to obtain a display device capable of improving the transmittance of pixels. 
     The term “equal thickness” described herein means that the thickness is designed to be equal, and allows for slight differences in thickness that occur in the manufacturing process. 
     While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.