Patent Publication Number: US-9420789-B2

Title: Method for controlling pests

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Divisional of co-pending application Ser. No. 13/870,242 filed on Apr. 25, 2013, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) to Patent Application No. 2012-138457 filed in Japan on Jun. 20, 2012. All of the above applications are hereby expressly incorporated by reference into the present application. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a method for controlling pests, namely, harmful arthropods and/or weeds. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Various compounds are known as active ingredients for insecticides. In addition, PPO-inhibiting compounds are known as active ingredients for herbicides. 
     PATENT DOCUMENT 
     Patent Document 1: WO 02/066471 
     NON PATENT DOCUMENT 
     Non-Patent Document 1: Crop Protection Handbook, vol. 96 (2010) 
     Non-Patent Document 2: Compendium of Pesticide Common Names (http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/) 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide a method which shows excellent effects in controlling pests in a field of soybean, corn or cotton. 
     The present invention is to obtain an excellent effect of controlling pests occurring in a field by treating a field of corn, soybean or cotton with a PPO-inhibiting compound, before, at or after seeding with a seed of corn, soybean or cotton treated with a specific insecticidal compound. 
     The present invention is as described below.
     [1]A method for controlling a weed in a field of soybean, corn or cotton, comprising applying at least one PPO-inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, saflufenacil, oxyfluorfen, fomesafen-sodium, and the compound of the formula (I):   

                         
to a field before, at or after seeding with a seed of soybean, corn or cotton treated with one or more insecticidal compounds selected from the group consisting of fipronil, ethiprole, flupyradifurone, sulfoxaflor, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, and chlorpyrifos.
     [2]A method for controlling a pest in a field of soybean, corn or cotton, comprising the steps of:   

     treating a seed of soybean, corn or cotton with one or more insecticidal compounds selected from the group consisting of fipronil, ethiprole, flupyradifurone, sulfoxaflor, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, and chlorpyrifos, and 
     treating a field before, at or after seeding with the seed of soybean, corn or cotton with one or more PPO-inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, saflufenacil, oxyfluorfen, fomesafen-sodium, and the compound of the formula (I): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
         
         [3] The control method according to [1] or [2], wherein the insecticidal compound is fipronil or flupyradifurone. 
         [4] The control method according to [3], wherein the PPO-inhibiting compound is flumioxazin. 
         [5] The control method according to [2], comprising the step of treating a field of soybean, corn or cotton with the PPO-inhibiting compound before seeding with a seed of soybean, corn or cotton. 
         [6] The control method according to [2], comprising the step of treating a field of soybean, corn or cotton with the PPO-inhibiting compound at seeding with a seed of soybean, corn or cotton. 
         [7] The control method according to [2], comprising the step of treating a field of soybean, corn or cotton with the PPO-inhibiting compound after seeding with a seed of soybean, corn or cotton. 
         [8] The control method according to [2], wherein the pest is a weed and/or a harmful arthropod. 
         [9] The control method according to [2], wherein the pest is a weed. 
       
    
     According to the present invention, pests in a field of soybean, corn or cotton can be controlled. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The method for controlling pests of the present invention comprises the steps of: 
     (1) treating a seed of soybean, corn or cotton with one or more insecticidal compounds selected from the group consisting of fipronil, ethiprole, flupyradifurone, sulfoxaflor, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, and chlorpyrifos, and 
     (2) treating a field of soybean, corn or cotton with at least one PPO-inhibiting compound selected from the group consisting of flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, saflufenacil, oxyfluorfen, fomesafen-sodium, and the compound of the formula (I): 
                         
before, at or after seeding with the treated seed of soybean, corn or cotton.
 
     In the present invention, the seed of soybean, corn or cotton is not limited as far as it is a variety which is generally cultivated as a crop. 
     Examples of a plant of such a variety include plants to which resistance to a PPO-inhibiting compound such as flumioxazin; a 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvatedioxygenase-inhibiting compound such as isoxaflutole; an acetolactate synthase (hereinafter abbreviated as ALS)-inhibiting compound such as imazethapyr or thifensulfuron methyl; a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase-inhibiting compound such as glyphosate; a glutamine synthase-inhibiting compound such as glufosinate; an auxin-type herbicide such as 2,4-D or dicamba; or bromoxynil has been imparted by a classical breeding method or a genetic engineering technique. 
     Examples of a crop to which resistance has been imparted by a classical breeding method include corn resistant to an imidazolinone type ALS-inhibiting herbicide such as imazethapyr, and this has already been commercially available under a trade name of Clearfield (registered trademark). Examples of such a crop also include STS soybean which is resistant to a sulfonylurea -type ALS-inhibiting herbicide such as thifensulfuron methyl. Similarly, examples of a plant to which resistance to an acetyl CoA carboxylase-inhibiting compound such as trione oxime-type or aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid-type herbicide has been imparted by a classical breeding method include SR corn. 
     Examples of a plant to which resistance has been imparted by a genetic engineering technique include corn, soybean and cotton varieties which are resistant to glyphosate, and they have already been commercially available under trade names of RoundupReady (registered trade mark), Agrisure (registered trademark) GT, Gly-Tol (registered trademark) and the like. Similarly, there are corn, soybean and cotton varieties which are resistant to glufosinate by a genetic engineering technique, and they have already been commercially available under trade names of LibertyLink (registered trademark) and the like. There are corn and soybean varieties under the trade name of Optimum (registered trademark) GAT (registered trade mark), which are resistant to both of glyphosate and an ALS-inhibiting compound. Similarly, there are soybean varieties which are resistant to an imidazolinone-type ALS-inhibiting compound by a genetic engineering technique, and they have been developed under the name of Cultivance. Similarly, there is cotton varieties which are resistant to bromoxynil by a genetic engineering technique, and this has already been commercially available under the trade name of BXN (registered trademark). 
     A crop such as a soybean which is resistant to dicamba can be produced by introducing a dicamba degrading enzyme such as dicamba monooxygenase isolated from  Pseudomonas maltophilia  into a plant (Behrens et al. 2007 Science 316: 1185-1188). 
     By introducing a gene encoding aryloxyalkanoate dioxygenase, a crop which becomes resistant to a phenoxy acid-type herbicide such as 2,4-D, MCPA, dichlorprop or mecoprop, and an aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid-type herbicide such as quizalofop, haloxyfop, fluazifop, diclofop, fenoxaprop, metamifop, cyhalofop and clodinafop can be produced (Wright et al. 2010: Proceedings of National Academy of Science. 107 (47): 20240-20245). 
     The crop includes, for example, a crop which has become possible to synthesize a selective toxin known in  Bacillus  genus, using a genetic engineering technique. 
     Examples of the toxin which is expressed in such a genetically engineered plant include an insecticidal protein derived from  Bacillus cereus  or  Bacillus popilliae ; a δ-endotoxin such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, Cry9C, Cry34ab and Cry35ab, derived from  Bacillus thuringiensis ; an insecticidal protein such as VIP1, VIP2, VIP3 or VIP3A; an insecticidal protein derived from nematode; a toxin produced by an animal such as a scorpion toxin, a spider toxin, a bee toxin or an insect-specific neurotoxin; a filamentous fungus toxin; plant lectin; agglutinin; a protease inhibitor such as a trypsin inhibitor, a serine protease inhibitor, patatin, cystatin, and a papain inhibitor; a ribosome inactivating protein (RIP) such as lysine, corn-RIP, abrin, luffin, saporin or bryodin; a steroid metabolism enzyme such as 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyltransferase, and cholesterol oxidase; an ecdysone inhibitor; HMG-CoA reductase; an ion channel inhibitor such as a sodium channel inhibitor or a calcium channel inhibitor; juvenile hormone esterase; a diuretic hormone receptor; stilbene synthase; bibenzyl synthase; chitinase; glucanase; and the like. 
     A toxin expressed by such a genetically engineered crop includes a hybrid toxin of a δ-endotoxin protein such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1, Cry9C, Cry34Ab or Cry35Ab, and an insecticidal protein such as VIP1, VIP2, VIP3 or VIP3A, and a partially deleted toxin, and a modified toxin. The hybrid toxin can be produced by a new combination of different domains of these proteins using a genetic engineering technique. As the partially deleted toxin, Cry1Ab in which a part of an amino acid sequence has been deleted is known. In the modified toxin, one or a plurality of amino acids of a natural toxin are substituted. Examples of these toxins and recombinant plants which can synthesize these toxins are described in EP-A-0374753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, EP-A-0427529, EP-A-451878, WO 03/052073 and the like. The toxins contained in these recombinant plans impart resistance to Coleoptera vermin, Diptera vermin and Lepidoptera vermin to a plant. 
     In addition, a genetically engineered plant containing one or a plurality of insecticidal vermin-resistant genes and expressing one or a plurality of toxins has already been known, and some of them are commercially available. Examples of these genetically engineered plants include YieldGard (registered trademark) (corn variety expressing Cry1Ab toxin), YieldGard Rootworm (registered trademark) (corn variety expressing Cry3Bb1 toxin), YieldGard Plus (registered trademark) (corn variety expressing Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 toxins), Herculex I (registered trademark) (corn variety expressing phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) for imparting resistance to a Cry1Fa2 toxin and glufosinate), NatureGard (registered trademark), AGRISURE (registered trademark) CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait), and Protecta (registered trademark). 
     In addition, genetically engineered cotton containing one or a plurality of insecticidal vermin-resistant genes and expressing one or a plurality of toxins have already been known, and some of them are commercially available. Examples of these genetically engineered cotton include BollGard (registered trademark) (cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac toxin), BollGard (registered trademark) II (cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins), BollGard (registered trademark) III (cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab and VIP3A toxins), VipCot (registered trademark) (cotton variety expressing VIP3A and Cry1Ab toxins), WideStrike (registered trademark) (cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac and Cry1F toxins). 
     Examples of the plant used in the present invention also include plants to which resistance to an aphid has been imparted, such as soybeans into which a Rag1 (Resistance Aphid Gene 1) gene has been introduced. 
     In addition, the plant used in the present invention also includes those provided with the resistance to nematodes using a classical breeding method or genetic recombination technology. RNAi is exemplified as the genetic recombination technology providing nematode resistance. 
     The crop also includes a crop to which the ability to produce an anti-pathogenic substance having selective action has been imparted using a genetic engineering technique. As an example of the anti-pathogenic substance, a PR protein and the like are known (PRPs, EP-A-0392225). Such an anti-pathogenic substance and a genetically engineered plant producing the substance are described in EP-A-0392225, WO 95/33818, EP-A-0353191 and the like. Examples of the anti-pathogenic substance expressed in such a genetically engineered plant include an ion channel inhibitor such as a sodium channel inhibitor or a calcium channel inhibitor (KP1, KP4 and KP6 toxins, etc., which are produced by viruses, have been known); stilbene synthase; bibenzyl synthase; chitinase; glucanase; a PR protein; and an anti-pathogenic substance generated by microorganisms, such as a peptide antibiotic, an antibiotic having a hetero ring, or a protein factor associated with resistance to plant diseases (which is called a plant disease-resistant gene and is described in WO 03/000906). 
     The crop also includes a plant to which a useful character such as oil cake component modification or an amino acid content enhancing character has been imparted using a genetic engineering technique. Examples thereof include VISTIVE (registered trademark) (low linolenic soybean having a reduced linolenic content) and high-lysine (high-oil) corn (corn having an increased lysine or oil content). 
     Further, stack varieties are also included in which a plurality of the classical herbicide character or herbicide-resistant gene, insecticidal vermin-resistant gene, anti-pathogenic substance production gene, and a useful character such as oil cake component modification or amino acid content enhancing character are combined. 
     In the present invention, the insecticidal compound used in treating a seed (hereinafter, may be referred to as the insecticidal compounds of the present invention) includes fipronil, ethiprole, flupyradifurone, sulfoxaflor, beta-cyfluthrin, tefluthrin, and chlorpyrifos. These compounds are all known compound, and can be used by purchasing a commercially available formulation or reference standard. 
     In the present invention, the insecticidal compound of the present invention is usually formulated by mixing with a carrier such as a solid carrier and a liquid carrier, and further adding an adjuvant for formulation such as a surfactant, as necessary. The preferable dosage form is an aqueous liquid suspension formulation. 
     The amount of the insecticidal compounds of the present invention is in the range of usually 0.002 to 50 g, preferably from 0.01 to 10 g, and more preferably 0.05 to 2 g, per 1 kg of seeds. Examples of the method of applying a seed of the plant with the insecticidal compounds of the present invention include a method of dust-coating a formulation containing the insecticidal compounds of the present invention on a seed, a method of immersing a seed in a formulation containing the insecticidal compounds of the present invention, a method of spraying a formulation containing the insecticidal compounds of the present invention on a seed, and a method of coating a seed with a carrier containing the insecticidal compounds of the present invention. 
     In the present invention, a field of soybean, corn or cotton is treated with at least one PPO-inhibiting compound, before, at or after seeding with a seed of soybean, corn or cotton treated with the insecticidal compounds of the present invention. 
     The PPO-inhibiting compound is a compound that inhibits protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (EC 1.3.3.4) located in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway in plant plasmid, and consequently kills the plant. 
     The PPO-inhibiting compound in the present invention includes flumioxazin, sulfentrazone, saflufenacil, oxyfluorfen, fomesafen-sodium, and a compound of the formula (I): 
                         
(hereinafter, referred to as compound 1).
 
     These PPO-inhibiting compounds are all known compound, and compound 1 is synthesized by the method described in WO 02/066471. Other compounds can be used by purchasing a commercially available formulation or reference standard. 
     In the step of treating a field with a PPO-inhibiting compound, the PPO-inhibiting compound is usually formulated by mixing with a carrier such as a solid carrier and a liquid carrier, and further adding an adjuvant for formulation such as a surfactant, as necessary. 
     Examples of the method of treating a field with a PPO-inhibiting compound include a method of spraying the PPO-inhibiting compound on the soil in the field and a method of spraying the PPO-inhibiting compound on weeds after occurrence of weeds. 
     The amount of the PPO-inhibiting compound used in the step of treating a field with a PPO-inhibiting compound is usually 5 to 5000 g per 10000 m 2 , preferably 10 to 1000 g per 10000 m 2 , and more preferably 20 to 500 g per 10000 m 2 . Here, in the step of treating a field with a PPO-inhibiting compound, the PPO-inhibiting compound may be mixed with an adjuvant and applied. 
     The seed of soybean, corn or cotton treated with the insecticidal compounds of the present invention is seeded in a field by the usual method. In the method for controlling pests of the present invention, the PPO-inhibiting compound may be applied before seeding with the seed of soybean, corn or cotton, and the PPO-inhibiting compound may be applied at or after seeding with the seed of soybean, corn or cotton. 
     When the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied before seeding with the seed of soybean or corn, the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied 50 days before seeding to immediately before seeding, preferably 30 days before seeding to immediately before seeding, and further preferably 20 days before seeding to immediately before seeding. 
     When the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied after seeding with the seed of soybean or corn, the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied preferably immediately after seeding to 50 days after seeding, and more preferably immediately after seeding to 3 days after seeding. Specific application timing of applying with the PPO-inhibiting compound after seeding with the soybean seed includes, for example, the time from pre-emergence of soybean to flowering time. The time from pre-emergence of soybean to flowering time is preferably the time from pre-emergence of soybean to a stage of 6 compound leaves, and further preferably the time from pre-emergence of soybean to a stage of 3 compound leaves. Specific treatment time of applying with the PPO-inhibiting compound after seeding with the corn seed includes the time from pre-emergence of corn to 12 leaf stage, preferably the time from pre-emergence of corn to 8 leaf stage, and further preferably the time from pre-emergence of corn to 6 leaf stage. Here, the leaf age of corn is determined by the leaf collar method. 
     When the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied before seeding with the cotton seed, the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied 50 days before seeding to immediately before seeding, preferably 30 days before seeding to immediately before seeding, and further preferably 20 days before seeding to immediately before seeding. 
     When the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied after seeding with the cotton seed, the PPO-inhibiting compound is applied immediately after seeding to 70 days after seeding, and preferably 30 days after seeding to 50 days after seeding. Specific application timing of applying with the PPO-inhibiting compound after seeding with the cottonseed includes, for example, the time from pre-emergence of cotton to flowering time. Preferably, the application timing is the time from the onset of lignification of the stem base of cotton to the stage in which the lignification part is 20 cm from the base. 
     According to the method for controlling pests of the present invention, pests such as harmful arthropods and/or weeds in a field of soybean, corn or cotton without causing phytotoxicity that is a practical problem on crops can be controlled. 
     The harmful arthropods include the following. 
     Hemiptera: Delphacidae such as  Laodelphax striatellus, Nilaparvata lugens , and  Sogatella furcifera , Deltocephalidae such as  Nephotettix cincticeps  and  Nephotettix virescens , Aphididae such as  Aphis gossypii, Myzus persicae, Brevicoryne brassicae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Aulacorthum solani, Rhopalosiphum padi , and  Toxoptera citricidus , Pentatomidae such as  Nezara antennata, Riptortus clavetus, Leptocorisa chinensis, Eysarcoris parvus, Halyomorpha mista , and  Lygus lineolaris , Aleyrodidae such as  Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Bemisia tabaci , and  Bemisia argentifolii , scales such as  Aonidiella aurantii, Comstockaspis perniciosa, Unaspis citri, Ceroplastes rubens , and  Icerya purchasi , Tingidae, Psyllidae, and the like; 
     Lepidoptera: Pyralidae such as  Chilo suppressalis, Tryporyza incertulas, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Notarcha derogata, Plodia interpunctella, Ostrinia furnacalis, Ostrinia nubilaris, Hellula undalis , and  Pediasia teterrellus , Noctuidae such as  Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, Pseudaletia separata, Mamestra brassicae, Agrotis ipsilon, Plusia nigrisigna, Trichoplusia  spp.,  Heliothis  spp., and  Helicoverpa  spp., Pieridae such as  Pieris rapae , Tortricidae such as  Adoxophyes  spp.,  Grapholita molesta, Leguminivora glycinivorella, Matsumuraeses azukivora, Adoxophyes orana fasciata, Adoxophyes  sp.,  Homona magnanima, Archips fuscocupreanus , and  Cydia pomonella , Gracillariidae such as  Caloptilia theivora  and  Phyllonorycter ringoneella , Carposinidae such as  Carposina niponensis , Lyonetiidae such as  Lyonetia  spp., Lymantriidae such as  Lymantria  spp. and  Euproctis  spp., Yponameutidae such as  Plutella xylostella , Gelechiidae such as  Pectinophora gossypiella  and  Phthorimaea operculella , Arctiidae such as  Hyphantria cunea , and Tineidae such as  Tinea translucens  and  Tineola bisselliella , and the like; 
     Thysanoptera: Thripidae such as  Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips palmi, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella intonsa , and  Frankliniella fusca , and the like; 
     Diptera:  Musca domestica, Culex popiens pallens, Tabanus trigonus, Hylemya antiqua, Hylemya platura, Anopheles sinensis , Agromyzidae such as  Agromyza oryzae, Hydrellia griseola, Chlorops oryzae , and  Liriomyza trifolii, Dacus cucurbitae, Ceratitis capitata , and the like; 
     Coleoptera:  Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, Aulacophora femoralis, Phyllotreta striolata, Oulema oryzae, Echinocnemus squameus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Anthonomus grandis, Callosobruchus chinensis, Sphenophorus venatus, Popillia japonica, Anomala cuprea, Diabrotica  spp.,  Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Agriotes  spp.,  Lasioderma serricorne, Anthrenus verbasci, Tribolium castaneum, Lyctus brunneus, Anoplophora malasiaca, Tomicus piniperda , and the like; 
     Orthoptera:  Locusta migratoria, Gryllotalpa africana, Oxya yezoensis, Oxya japonica , and the like; 
     Hymenoptera:  Athalia rosae, Acromyrmex  spp.,  Solenopsis  spp., and the like; 
     Blattodea:  Blattella germanica, Periplaneta fuliginosa, Periplaneta americana, Periplaneta brunnea, Blatta orientalis , and the like; 
     Acarina: Tetranychidae such as  Tetranychus urticae, Panonychus citri , and  Oligonychus  spp., Eriophyidae such as  Aculops pelekassi , Tarsonemidae such as  Polyphagotarsonemus latus , Tenuipalpidae, Tuckerellidae, Acaridae such as  Tyrophagus putrescentiae , Pyroglyphidae such as  Dermatophagoides farinae  and  Dermatophagoides ptrenyssnus , Cheyletidae such as  Cheyletus eruditus, Cheyletus malaccensis , and  Cheyletus moorei , and the like; 
     Examples of the weed include the followings: 
     Urticaceae weeds:  Urtica urens    
     Polygonaceae weeds:  Polygonum convolvulus, Polygonum lapathifolium, Polygonum pensylvanicum, Polygonum persicaria, Polygonum longisetum, Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum arenastrum, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rumex japonicus, Rumex crispus, Rumex obtusifolius, Rumex acetosa    
     Portulacaceae weeds:  Portulaca oleracea    
     Caryophyllaceae weeds:  Stellaria media, Cerastium holosteoides, Cerastium glomeratum, Spergula arvensis, Silene gallica    
     Aizoaceae weeds:  Mollugo verticillata    
     Chenopodiaceae weeds:  Chenopodium album, Chenopodium ambrosioides, Kochia scoparia, Salsola kali, Atriplex  spp. 
     Amaranthaceae weeds:  Amaranthus retroflexus, Amaranthus viridis, Amaranthus lividus, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus palmeri, Amaranthus rudis, Amaranthus patulus, Amaranthus tuberculatos, Amaranthus blitoides, Amaranthus deflexus, Amaranthus quitensis, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Alternanthera sessilis, Alternanthera tenella    
     Papaveraceae weeds:  Papaver rhoeas, Argemone mexicana    
     Brassicaceae weeds:  Raphanus raphanistrum, Raphanus sativus, Sinapis arvensis, Capsella bursa - pastoris, Brassica juncea, Brassica campestris, Descurainia pinnata, Rorippa islandica, Rorippa sylvestris, Thlaspi arvense, Myagrum rugosum, Lepidium virginicum, Coronopus didymus    
     Capparaceae weeds:  Cleome affinis    
     Fabaceae weeds:  Aeschynomene indica, Aeschynomene rudis, Sesbania exaltata, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia occidentalis, Desmodium tortuosum, Desmodium adscendens, Trifolium repens, Pueraria lobata, Vicia angustifolia, Indigofera hirsuta, Indigofera truxillensis, Vigna sinensis    
     Oxalidaceae weeds:  Oxalis corniculata, Oxalis strica, Oxalis oxyptera    
     Geraniaceae weeds:  Geranium carolinense, Erodium cicutarium    
     Euphorbiaceae weeds:  Euphorbia helioscopia, Euphorbia maculata, Euphorbia humistrata, Euphorbia esula, Euphorbia heterophylla, Euphorbia brasiliensis, Acalypha australis, Croton glandulosus, Croton lobatus, Phyllanthus corcovadensis, Ricinus communis    
     Malvaceae weeds:  Abutilon theophrasti, Sida rhombiforia, Sida cordifolia, Sida spinosa, Sida glaziovii, Sida santaremnensis, Hibiscus trionum, Anoda cristata, Malvastrum coromandelianum    
     Sterculiaceae weeds:  Waltheria indica    
     Violaceae weeds:  Viola arvensis, Viola tricolor    
     Cucurbitaceae weeds:  Sicyos angulatus, Echinocystis lobata, Momordica charantia    
     Lythraceae weeds:  Lythrum salicaria    
     Apiaceae weeds:  Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides    
     Sapindaceae weeds:  Cardiospermum halicacabum    
     Primulaceae weeds:  Anagallis arvensis    
     Asclepiadaceae weeds:  Asclepias syriaca, Ampelamus albidus    
     Rubiaceae weeds:  Galium aparine, Galium spurium  var.  echinospermon, Spermacoce latifolia, Richardia brasiliensis, Borreria alata    
     Convolvulaceae weeds:  Ipomoea nil, Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoeapurpurea, Ipomoea hederacea  var.  integriuscula, Ipomoea lacunosa, Ipomoea triloba, Ipomoea acuminata, Ipomoea hederifolia, Ipomoea coccinea, Ipomoea quamoclit, Ipomoea grandifolia, Ipomoea aristolochiafolia, Ipomoea cairica, Convolvulus arvensis, Calystegia hederacea, Calystegia japonica, Merremia hedeacea, Merremia aegyptia, Merremia cissoides, Jacquemontia tamnifolia    
     Boraginaceae weeds:  Myosotis arvensis    
     Lamiaceae weeds:  Lamium purpureum, Lamium amplexicaule, Leonotis nepetaefolia, Hyptis suaveolens, Hyptis lophanta, Leonurus sibiricus, Stachys arvensis    
     Solanaceae weeds:  Datura stramonium, Solanum nigrum, Solanum americanum, Solanum ptycanthum, Solanum sarrachoides, Solanum rostratum, Solanum aculeatissimum, Solanum sisymbriifolium, Solanum carolinense, Physalis angulata, Physalis subglabrata, Nicandra physaloides    
     Scrophulariaceae weeds:  Veronica hederaefolia, Veronica  persica,  Veronica  arvensis 
     Plantaginaceae weeds:  Plantago asiatica    
     Asteraceae weeds:  Xanthium pensylvanicum, Xanthium occidentale, Helianthus annuus, Matricaria chamomilla, Matricaria perforata, Chrysanthemum segetum, Matricaria matricarioides, Artemisia princeps, Artemisia vulgaris, Artemisia verlotorum, Solidago altissima, Taraxacum officinale, Galinsoga ciliata, Galinsoga parviflora, Senecio vulgaris, Senecio brasiliensis, Senecio grisebachii, Conyza bonariensis, Conyza canadensis, Ambrosia artemisiaefolia, Ambrosia trifida, Bidens pilosa, Bidens frondosa, Bidens subalternans, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare, Silybum marianum, Carduus nutans, Lactuca serriola, Sonchus oleraceus, Sonchus asper, Wedelia glauca, Melampodium perfoliatum, Emilia sonchifolia, Tagetes minuta, Blainvillea latifolia, Tridax procumbens, Porophyllum ruderale, Acanthospermum australe, Acanthospermum hispidum, Cardiospermum halicacabum, Ageratum conyzoides, Eupatorium perfoliatum, Eclipta alba, Erechtites hieracifolia, Gamochaeta spicata, Gnaphalium spicatum, Jaegeria hirta, Parthenium hysterophorus, Siegesbeckia orientalis, Soliva sessilis    
     Liliaceae weeds:  Allium canadense, Allium vineale    
     Commelinaceae weeds:  Commelina communis, Commelina bengharensis, Commelina erecta    
     Poaceae weeds:  Echinochloa crus - galli, Setaria viridis, Setaria faberi, Setaria glauca, Setaria geniculata, Digitaria ciliaris, Digitaria sanguinalis, Digitaria horizontalis, Digitaria insularis, Eleusine indica, Poa annua, Alospecurus aequalis, Alopecurus myosuroides, Avena fatua, Sorghum halepense, Sorghum vulgare, Agropyron repens, Lolium multiflorum, Lolium perenne, Lolium rigidum, Bromus secalinus, Bromus tectorum, Hordeum jubatum, Aegilops cylindrica, Phalaris arundinacea, Phalaris minor, Apera spica - venti, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Panicum texanum, Panicum maximum, Brachiaria platyphylla, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria plantaginea, Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria humidicola, Cenchrus echinatus, Cenchrus pauciflorus, Eriochloa villosa, Pennisetum setosum, Chloris gayana, Eragrostis pilosa, Rhynchelitrum repens, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Ischaemum rugosum, Oryza sativa, Paspalum notatum, Paspalum maritimum, Pennisetum clandestinum, Pennisetum setosum, Rottboellia cochinchinensis    
     Cyperaceae weeds:  Cyperus microiria, Cyperus iria, Cyperus odoratus, Cyperus rotundus, Cyperus esculentus, Kyllinga gracillima    
     Equisetaceae weeds:  Equisetum arvense, Equisetum palustre , and the like. 
     In the method of controlling a pest of the present invention, one or more kinds of other agrochemicals can be also used in combination simultaneously or separately with the insecticidal compound or the PPO-inhibiting compound of the present invention. Examples of the other agrochemicals include an insecticide, a miticide, a nematicide, a fungicide, a herbicide, a plant regulating agent and a safener. 
     Examples of the other agrochemicals include the following: 
     Herbicide: dicamba and a salt thereof (diglycolamine salt, dimethylammonium salt, isopropylammonium salt, potassium salt, sodium salt, choline salt), 2,4-D and a salt or ester thereof (butotyl ester, dimethylammonium salt, diolamine salt, ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, isopropylammonium salt, sodium salt, triisopropanolamine salt, choline salt), 2,4-DB and a salt or ester thereof (dimethylammonium salt, isooctyl ester, choline salt), MCPA and a salt or ester thereof (dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, sodium salt, choline salt), MCPB, mecoprop and a salt or ester thereof (dimethylammonium salt, diolamine salt, ethadyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, methyl ester, potassium salt, sodium salt, trolamine salt, choline salt), mecoprop-P and a salt or ester thereof (dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isobutyl salt, potassium salt, choline salt), dichlorprop and a salt or ester thereof (butotyl ester, dimethylammonium salt, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, methyl ester, potassium salt, sodium salt, choline salt), dichlorprop-P, dichlorprop-P-dimethylammonium, bromoxynil, bromoxynil-octanoate, dichlobenil, ioxynil, ioxynil-octanoate, di-allate, butylate, tri-allate, phenmedipham, chlorpropham, asulam, phenisopham, benthiocarb, molinate, esprocarb, pyributicarb, prosulfocarb, orbencarb, EPTC, dimepiperate, swep, propachlor, metazachlor, alachlor, acetochlor, metolachlor, S-metolachlor, butachlor, pretilachlor, thenylchlor, aminocyclopyrachlor, aminocyclopyrachlor-methyl, aminocyclopyrachlor-potassium, trifluralin, pendimethalin, ethalfluralin, benfluralin, prodiamine, simazine, atrazine, propazine, cyanazine, ametryn, simetryn, dimethametryn, prometryn, indaziflam, triaziflam, metribuzin, hexazinone, isoxaben, diflufenican, diuron, linuron, fluometuron, difenoxuron, methyl-daimuron, isoproturon, isouron, tebuthiuron, benzthiazuron, methabenzthiazuron, propanil, mefenacet, clomeprop, naproanilide, bromobutide, daimuron, cumyluron, diflufenzopyr, etobenzanid, bentazon, tridiphane, indanofan, amitrole, fenchlorazole, clomazone, maleic hydrazide, pyridate, chloridazon, norflurazon, bromacil, terbacil, oxaziclomefone, cinmethylin, benfuresate, cafenstrole, pyrithiobac, pyrithiobac-sodium, pyriminobac, pyriminobac-methyl, bispyribac, bispyribac-sodium, pyribenzoxim, pyrimisulfan, pyriftalid, fentrazamide, dimethenamid, dimethenamid-P, ACN, bennzobicyclon, dithiopyr, triclopyr and a salt or ester thereof (butotyl ester, triethylammonium salt), fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr-meptyl, thiazopyr, aminopyralid and a salt thereof (potassium salt, triisopropanolammonium salt, choline salt), clopyralid and a salt thereof (olamine salt, potassium salt, triethylammonium salt, cholinesalt), picloram and a salt thereof (potassium salt, triisopropanolammonium salt, choline salt), dalapon, chlorthiamid, amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron, chlorimuron-ethyl, cyclosulfamuron, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flucetosulfuron, flupyrsulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, foramsulfuron, halosulfuron, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, mesosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, nicosulfuron, orthosulfamuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, propyrisulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron, sulfometuron-methyl, sulfosulfuron, trifloxysulfuron-sodium, trifloxysulfuron, chlorsulfuron, cinosulfuron, ethametsulfuron, ethametsulfuron-methyl, iodosulfuron, iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, metsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, prosulfuron, thifensulfuron, thifensulfuron-methyl, triasulfuron, tribenuron, tribenuron-methyl, triflusulfuron, triflusulfuron-methyl, tritosulfuron, picolinafen, beflubutamid, mesotrione, sulcotrione, tefuryltrione, tembotrione, isoxachlortole, isoxaflutole, benzofenap, pyrasulfotole, pyrazolynate, pyrazoxyfen, topramezone, flupoxam, amicarbazone, bencarbazone, flucarbazone, flucarbazone-sodium, ipfencarbazone, propoxycarbazone, propoxycarbazone-sodium, thiencarbazone, thiencarbazone-methyl, cloransulam, cloransulam-methyl, diclosulam, florasulam, flumetsulam, metosulam, penoxsulam, pyroxsulam, imazamethabenz, imazamethabenz-methyl, imazamox, imazamox-ammonium, imazapic, imazapic-ammonium, imazapyr, imazapyr-ammonium, imazaquin, imazaquin-ammonium, imazethapyr, imazethapyr-ammonium, clodinafop, clodinafop-propargyl, cyhalofop, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofop, diclofop-methyl, fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-P, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, fluazifop, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-P, fluazifop-P-butyl, haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-P, haloxyfop-P-methyl, metamifop, propaquizafop, quizalofop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-P, quizalofop-P-ethyl, alloxydim, clethodim, sethoxydim, tepraloxydim, tralkoxydim, pinoxaden, pyroxasulfone, glyphosate, glyphosate-isopropylamine, glyphosate-trimethylsulfonium, glyphosate-ammonium, glyphosate-diammonium, glyphosate-sodium, glyphosate-potassium, glyphosate-guanidine, glufosinate, glufosinate-ammonium, glufosinate-P, glufosinate-P-sodium, bialafos, anilofos, bensulide, butamifos, paraquat, paraquat-dichloride, diquat and diquat-dibromide 
     Plant growth regulating agents: hymexazol, paclobutrazol, uniconazole, uniconazole-P, inabenfide, prohexadione-calcium, 1-methylcyclopropene, trinexapac and gibberellins. 
     Safeners: benoxacor, cloquintocet, cloquintocet-mexyl, cyometrinil, cyprosulfamide, dichlormid, dicyclonon, dietholate, fenchlorazole, fenchlorazole-ethyl, fenclorim, flurazole, fluxofenim, furilazole, isoxadifen, isoxadifen-ethyl, mefenpyr, mefenpyr-diethyl, mephenate, naphthalic anhydride and oxabetrinil. 
    
    
     EXAMPLES 
     Hereinbelow, the present invention will be described by way of Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. 
     First, evaluation criteria for an insecticidal effect, a herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops described in the following examples are shown. 
     [Harmful Arthropod Controlling Effect] 
     The evaluation of the harmful arthropod controlling effect is performed by determining the life and death of the insects at the time of the investigation and calculating the preventive value according to the following equation.
 
Preventive Value(%)=100×(1− T/C )
 
wherein the symbols have the following meanings.
     C: The number of insects at the time of observation in an untreated section   T: The number of insects at the time of observation in a treated section   

     [Herbicidal Effect and Phytotoxicity on Crops] 
     The evaluation of the herbicidal effect is classified into 0 to 100, in which the numeral “0” indicates no or little difference in the state of pre-emergence or growth of test weeds as comparison with the untreated weeds at the time of the investigation, and the numeral “100” indicates the complete death of the test plants or the complete inhibition of their pre-emergence or growth. 
     The evaluation of phytotoxicity on crops is shown by “no harm” when no or little phytotoxicity is found, “low” when a slight degree of phytotoxicity is found, “moderate” when a medium degree of phytotoxicity is found, or “high” when a severe degree of phytotoxicity is found. 
     Example 1 
     Pre-Plant Application in Cotton 
     In the combinations shown in Table 1, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     A pot is filled with soil, and the weeds are planted, then a PPO-inhibiting compound is uniformly applied on the soil surface in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha. After 15 days, cotton seeds on which the insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds are seeded. This pot is placed in a greenhouse. On day 15 after seeding, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 1-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 1-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 1-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 1-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 1-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 1-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 1-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 2 
     Post-Directed Application in Cotton 
     In the combinations shown in Table 2, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     The insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached on cotton seeds in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds. Next, the seeds are seeded in a farm field. On day 30 after seeding, a PPO-inhibiting compound is applied as a post-directed application in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha, in the state that the main stem of cotton is lignified in 15 cm from the ground. On day 28 after treatment, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 2-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 2-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 2-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 2-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 2-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 2-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 2-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 3 
     Pre-Plant Application in Soybean 
     In the combinations shown in Table 3, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     A pot is filled with soil, the weeds are planted, and then a PPO-inhibiting compound is uniformly applied on the soil surface in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha. After 7 days, soybean seeds on which the insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds are seeded. This pot is placed in a greenhouse. On day 15 after seeding, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 3-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 3-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 3-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 3-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 3-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 3-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 3-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 4 
     Preemergence Application in Soybean 
     In the combinations shown in Table 4, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     The insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached on soybean seeds in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds. Next, a pot is filled with soil, and the seeds and the seeds of the weeds are seeded. On the day of the seeding, a PPO-inhibiting compound is uniformly applied on the soil surface in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha. This pot is placed in a greenhouse. On day 15 after seeding, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 4-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 4-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 4-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 4-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 4-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 4-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 4-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 5 
     Preemergence Application in Corn 
     In the combinations shown in Table 5, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     The insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached on corn seeds in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds. Next, a pot is filled with soil, and the seeds and the seeds of the weeds are seeded. On the day of the seeding, a PPO-inhibiting compound is uniformly applied on the soil surface in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha. This pot is placed in a greenhouse. On day 15 after seeding, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 5-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 5-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 5-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 5-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 5-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 5-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 5-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 6 
     Pre-Plant Application in Corn 
     In the combinations shown in Table 6, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are confirmed by the above standards according to the following methods. 
     A pot is filled with soil, and the weeds are planted, then a PPO-inhibiting compound is uniformly applied on the soil surface in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g/ha. After 7 days, corn seeds on which the insecticidal compounds of the present invention is attached in an agent amount of 25, 50, 100 g/100 kg seeds are seeded. This pot is placed in a greenhouse. On day 15 after seeding, the harmful arthropod controlling effect, herbicidal effect, and phytotoxicity on crops are examined. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 PPO-inhibiting 
               
               
                 Combination 
                 Insecticidal compound 
                 compound 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 6-1 
                 Fipronil 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-2 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-3 
                 Fipronil 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-4 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-5 
                 Fipronil 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-6 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-7 
                 Fipronil 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-8 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-9 
                 Fipronil 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-10 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-11 
                 Fipronil 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-12 
                 Flupyradifurone 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-13 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-14 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-15 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-16 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-17 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-18 
                 Ethiprole 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-19 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-20 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-21 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-22 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-23 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-24 
                 Sulfoxaflor 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-25 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-26 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-27 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-28 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-29 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-30 
                 Beta-cyfluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-31 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-32 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-33 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-34 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-35 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-36 
                 Tefluthrin 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                 6-37 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Flumioxazin 
               
               
                 6-38 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Saflufenacil 
               
               
                 6-39 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Sulfentrazone 
               
               
                 6-40 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Oxyfluorfen 
               
               
                 6-41 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Fomesafen-sodium 
               
               
                 6-42 
                 Chlorpyrifos 
                 Compound 1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     According to the method for controlling pests of the present invention, pests in a field of soybean, corn or cotton can be efficiently controlled.