Patent Publication Number: US-9852237-B2

Title: Immersive object testing system

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is related to the following patent application: entitled “Immersive Design Management System”, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/855,656; filed even date herewith, assigned to the same assignee, and incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     1. Field 
     The present disclosure relates generally to managing an object and, in particular, to managing the design of an object in an immersive environment. 
     2. Background 
     Computer-aided design (CAD) software is often used in creating, modifying, or analyzing a design for an object. The object may be, for example, an aircraft, a flight deck, a landing gear system, an engine housing, or some other suitable object. 
     A designer may generate a computer-aided design of an object such as the flight deck of an aircraft using specifications, preliminary drawings, and other input. The computer-aided design is contained in a model of the object. 
     An analysis of the design may be performed. For example, an engineer may perform a finite element analysis on the design of the flight deck. The finite element analysis may be used to determine how the object will handle stress, temperatures, and other environmental factors. 
     Another person, an ergonomic specialist, may analyze the model with respect to ergonomics. For example, the person may review the human factors in the design of the flight deck to determine whether a pilot may interact efficiently with different components in the flight deck. 
     For example, the ergonomic specialist may review the dimensions for parts of the flight deck such as a seat, a flight stick, switches, and other parts that a pilot may interact with in the flight deck. The review of these dimensions may be used to determine whether sufficient ergonomics are present in the design of the flight deck to perform operations for the aircraft. The dimensions may also be reviewed to determine whether a desired level of comfort would be present for the flight of the aircraft. In some cases, the creation of some parts of the flight deck may be needed for the ergonomic analysis. 
     The engineer and the ergonomic specialist send feedback to the designer. The feedback may be a report sent by email or a hard copy that may be sent by regular mail or overnight delivery. 
     The designer may then make changes to the model of the object using the feedback. Further testing and analysis may be performed and further modifications to the model may be made in this manner until the flight deck has a desired level of performance. 
     This type of process, however, involves multiple people interacting with each other and may take more time than desired to perform iterations in testing, analysis, and modifying design changes. For example, scheduling between the designer, the engineer, and the ergonomic specialist to analyze and modify the design may take more time than desired. Also, the engineer may need to schedule a time to run the finite element analysis on the model of the flight deck. 
     The ergonomic specialist may not need the results of the finite element analysis, but may have other reviews for other designs in models of other objects to perform prior to evaluating the design for the flight deck. The analysis performed by the ergonomic specialist may require fabrication of physical parts of the flight deck as needed. Also, each time a change in the model occurs, additional parts may be fabricated to evaluate the change in the model. The fabrication of the parts for the analysis also may take more time and expense than desired. 
     Therefore, it would be desirable to have a method and apparatus that take into account at least some of the issues discussed above, as well as other possible issues. For example, it would be desirable to have a method and apparatus that overcome a technical problem with managing design changes in models of objects. 
     SUMMARY 
     An illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure provides an object testing system comprising a motion capture system and a model manager. The motion capture system detects motions of a human operator and generates information about the motions. The model manager creates an avatar representing the human operator. The model manager also places the avatar in a three-dimensional environment with a model of an object. Further, the model manager displays the three-dimensional environment with the model of the object and the avatar from a viewpoint relative to the avatar on a display system. Still further, the model manager receives live information about the object that is under testing in a live environment. The model manager also identifies a change in the object from applying the live information to the model of the object. Further, the model manager displays the change in the model of the object on the display system as seen from the viewpoint relative to the avatar in the three-dimensional environment. 
     Another illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for testing an object. A three-dimensional environment is displayed with a model of the object and an avatar from a viewpoint relative to the avatar on a display system viewed by a human operator. The object is under testing in a live environment. Information about motions of the human operator that are detected is generated. Live information about the object that is under testing in the live environment is received. A change in the object from applying the live information to the model of the object is identified. The change in the model of the object is displayed on the display system as seen from the viewpoint relative to the avatar in the three-dimensional environment. 
     The features and functions can be achieved independently in various embodiments of the present disclosure or may be combined in yet other embodiments in which further details can be seen with reference to the following description and drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The novel features believed characteristic of the illustrative embodiments are set forth in the appended claims. The illustrative embodiments, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and features thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment of the present disclosure when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of a block diagram of an object immersion environment in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is an illustration of an object immersion environment in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 6  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 7  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 8  is an illustration of a live environment in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 9  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator using live information in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 10  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator using live information in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 11  is an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 12  is an illustration of a flowchart of a process for managing an object in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 13  is an illustration of a flowchart of a process for testing an object in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 14  is an illustration of a flowchart of a process for identifying a change in an object from applying live information in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 15  is an illustration of a flowchart of a process for placing an avatar into computer-aided design software in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 16  is an illustration of a flowchart of a process for applying live information to a model in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 17  is an illustration of a block diagram of a data processing system in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 18  is an illustration of a block diagram of an aircraft manufacturing and service method in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; 
         FIG. 19  is an illustration of a block diagram of an aircraft in accordance with an illustrative embodiment; and 
         FIG. 20  is an illustration of a block diagram of a product management system in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account one or more different considerations. For example, the illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account that it would be desirable to reduce the number of people involved in designing and testing objects or reduce the effort needed in performing iterations in testing, analysis, and design modifications. 
     Thus, the illustrative embodiments provide a method and apparatus for managing an object. In one illustrative example, a model manager creates an avatar representing the human operator and places the avatar in a three-dimensional environment with a model of the object. The model manager displays the three-dimensional environment with the model of the object and the avatar from a viewpoint relative to the avatar on a display system. An interaction between the avatar and the model of the object is identified by the model manager in real time using the information about the motions of the human operator detected in real time from a motion capture system. 
     The interaction changes a group of dimensions in the model of the object. As used herein, a “group of,” when used with reference to items, means one or more items. For example, a “group of dimensions” is one or more dimensions. The model manager displays the interaction between the avatar and the model of the object in the three-dimensional environment on the display system, enabling design changes in the model of the object made by a human operator. As a result, the same person evaluating the design of an object may also make changes to the model of the object. 
     With reference now to the figures and, in particular, with reference to  FIG. 1 , an illustration of a block diagram of an object immersion environment is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this illustrative example, object immersion environment  100  may be used to perform at least one of designing or analyzing object  102  using model  104 . 
     As used herein, the phrase “at least one of,” when used with a list of items, means different combinations of one or more of the listed items may be used and only one of each item in the list may be needed. In other words, “at least one of” means any combination of items and number of items may be used from the list, but not all of the items in the list are required. The item may be a particular object, thing, or category. 
     For example, without limitation, “at least one of item A, item B, or item C” may include item A, item A and item B, or item B. This example also may include item A, item B, and item C or item B and item C. Of course, any combinations of these items may be present. In some illustrative examples, “at least one of” may be, for example, without limitation, two of item A; one of item B; and ten of item C; four of item B and seven of item C; or other suitable combinations. 
     In the illustrative example, model  104  represents object  102 . Model  104  is an electronic representation of object  102 . 
     As depicted, model  104  is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional design of object  102 . For example, model  104  of object  102  may be selected from one of a computer-aided design (CAD) model, a finite element method (FEM) model, a computer-aided (CAM) model, and some other type of model. 
     Object  102  may be a current object already in production or an object that may be produced at a future point in time. As depicted, object  102  also may represent another object such as a prop, mockup, or prototype. Object  102  may take various forms. For example, object  102  may be selected from one of a mobile platform, a stationary platform, a land-based structure, an aquatic-based structure, a space-based structure, an aircraft, a surface ship, a tank, a personnel carrier, a train, a spacecraft, a space station, a satellite, a submarine, an automobile, a power plant, a bridge, a dam, a house, a manufacturing facility, a building, a wing, a beam, an engine housing, a seat, a stabilizer, and other suitable objects. 
     In this illustrative example, model manager  106  manages model  104  and is a component in object management system  108 . Model manager  106  is located in computer system  110  and is used in managing, designing, and testing object  102 . When object  102  is an aircraft, object management system  108  may be an aircraft design system implementing model manager  106 . 
     Model manager  106  may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or a combination thereof. When software is used, the operations performed by model manager  106  may be implemented in program code configured to run on hardware, such as a processor unit. When firmware is used, the operations performed by model manager  106  may be implemented in program code and data and stored in persistent memory to run on a processor unit. When hardware is employed, the hardware may include circuits that operate to perform the operations in model manager  106 . 
     In the illustrative examples, the hardware may take the form of a circuit system, an integrated circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device, or some other suitable type of hardware configured to perform a number of operations. With a programmable logic device, the device may be configured to perform the number of operations. The device may be reconfigured at a later time or may be permanently configured to perform the number of operations. Programmable logic devices include, for example, a programmable logic array, programmable array logic, a field-programmable logic array, a field-programmable gate array, and other suitable hardware devices. Additionally, the processes may be implemented in organic components integrated with inorganic components and may be comprised entirely of organic components, excluding a human being. For example, the processes may be implemented as circuits in organic semiconductors. 
     Computer system  110  is a hardware system and includes one or more data processing systems. When more than one data processing system is present, those data processing systems may be in communication with each other using a communications medium. The communications medium may be a network. The data processing systems may be selected from at least one of a computer, a server computer, a tablet, or some other suitable data processing system. 
     As depicted, model manager  106  immerses human operator  111  into three-dimensional environment  112  in a manner that allows human operator  111  to interact with three-dimensional environment  112  and, in particular, with model  104  of object  102 . The immersion of human operator  111  is such that human operator  111  is provided with a virtual reality experience such that three-dimensional environment  112  is virtual reality environment  116 . 
     During operation, model manager  106  creates avatar  118 , representing human operator  111 , and places avatar  118  into three-dimensional environment  112  with model  104  of object  102 . In the illustrative example, avatar  118  has dimensions  119  substantially matching human operator  111 . In other words, avatar  118  may have dimensions  119  that represent human operator  111  in three-dimensional environment  112 . 
     In another illustrative example, avatar  118  may have dimensions  119  of a person that performs ergonomic testing of object  102 , rather than matching human operator  111 . Ergonomic testing is testing the manner in which a human interacts with object  102 . Ergonomic testing is used to refine object  102  to optimize for human use. Ergonomic testing may include testing for at least one of usability, comfort, likelihood of injury, fatigue, discomfort, productivity, or other suitable factors relating to a human operator using object  102 . 
     For example, testing of object  102  may be based on an average-sized pilot. Avatar  118  may have dimensions  119  selected for a person such as an average-sized pilot, when human operator  111  is taller than the average-sized pilot. 
     In this manner, ergonomic testing may be performed in a desired manner. For example, when object  102  is an aircraft, interaction  120  of avatar  118  with controls in the aircraft tests usability of the controls as part of ergonomic testing. The usability may be, for example, how well avatar  118  can reach and move the controls from a seat in the flight deck. 
     Model manager  106  displays three-dimensional environment  112 . Model  104  of object  102  and avatar  118  are displayed by model manager  106  in three-dimensional environment  112  from viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118  on display system  122  viewed by human operator  111 . 
     In the illustrative example, viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118  may be, for example, a distance from avatar  118  or the eyes of avatar  118 . When viewpoint  121  is a point that is a distance from avatar  118 , that distance is fixed, and moves and turns as avatar  118  moves and turns. The distance may be changed based on a command from human operator  111  or some other source. Further, viewpoint  121  may switch between the fixed distance and the eyes of avatar  118 . 
     Model manager  106  identifies interaction  120  between avatar  118  and model  104  of object  102  in real time. Interaction  120  is detected using information  126  about motions  128  of human operator  111  detected in real time by motion capture system  130 . Motion capture system  130  is a component in object management system  108 . 
     In the illustrative example, display system  122  is selected from at least one of a display device, a computer monitor, glasses, a head-mounted display device, a tablet computer, a mobile phone, a projector, a heads-up display, a holographic display system, a virtual retinal display, or some other suitable display device. As depicted, motion capture system  130  may take different forms. For example, motion capture system  130  may include at least one of an optical motion capture system, an inertial motion capture system, a mechanical motion capture system, a magnetic motion capture system, a camera, an infrared camera, a laser scanner, an accelerometer system, a gyroscope, a motion capture suit, or some other suitable device. 
     In the illustrative example, interaction  120  may take a number of different forms. As depicted, interaction  120  may be selected from one of moving a portion of model  104  of object  102  that is designed to be movable and displacing the portion of model  104  of object  102 . In the illustrative example, a displacement, with respect to model  104 , occurs when a portion of model  104  of object  102  that is not designed to be moveable is moved. 
     For example, a displacement occurs when interaction  120  increases or decreases a bend in a wing. A displacement also occurs when interaction  120  increases the length of a rod. As another example, a displacement occurs when interaction  120  forms an indentation in the surface of an aircraft skin. 
     When interaction  120  moves or displaces a portion of model  104  of object  102 , interaction  120  changes a group of dimensions  132  in model  104  of object  102 . The change in the group of dimensions  132  reflects the displacement caused by human operator  111  through avatar  118 . 
     In this manner, human operator  111  may make design changes  134  to model  104  of object  102 . These and other types of interaction  120  that move a portion of model  104  of object  102  is not designed to move are a displacement of model  104  that changes a group of dimensions  132 . 
     As depicted, model manager  106  displays interaction  120  between avatar  118  and model  104  of object  102  in three-dimensional environment  112  on display system  122 , enabling human operator  111  to make design changes  134  in model  104  of object  102 . In the illustrative example, model manager  106  updates file  136  storing model  104  of object  102  such that file  136  reflects change  138  in the group of dimensions  132  in model  104  of object  102 , enabling human operator  111  to make design changes  134  in model  104  of object  102 . As depicted, file  136  may be, for example, a computer-aided design (CAD) file, a finite element method (FEM) file, a computer-aided (CAM) file, or some other suitable file. 
     In one illustrative example, object management system  108  may include computer-aided design system  144 . In this example, some of the operations performed by model manager  106  may be performed using computer-aided design system  144  under the direction of model manager  106 . For example, computer-aided design system  144  displays model  104  in three-dimensional environment  112 . With this example, model manager  106  directs movement of avatar  118  and identifies changes to group of dimensions  119  based on interaction  120  of avatar  118  with model  104 . 
     Model manager  106  may generate and send avatar  118  to computer-aided design system  144  for display. Computer-aided design system  144  displays model  104  of object  102  in three-dimensional environment  112  with avatar  118 . 
     In this example, model manager  106  identifies movement of avatar  118  occurring through identifying motions  128  of human operator  111  from motion capture system  130 . Model manager  106  controls movement of avatar  118  and may direct computer-aided design system  144  on how avatar  118  moves when object management system  108  includes computer-aided design system  144 . 
     Thus, one or more technical solutions are present that overcome a technical problem with managing design changes in models of objects. As a result, one or more technical solutions using model manager  106  may provide a technical effect of reducing time needed to make design changes to models of objects. 
     The illustrative embodiments also recognize and take into account that part of designing objects often includes testing of the objects. For example, objects are often tested in an environment that subjects the objects to different conditions to determine how the objects perform. After the testing, the performance may be analyzed by an engineer to determine how the object performed as compared to specifications defining a desired performance for the object. 
     In some cases, further testing may be needed. The illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account that additional testing may require working out logistics for performing the new tests. Further, in some cases, a new object may be needed for the test. The object tested may have developed inconsistencies as a result of the test and, as a result, may not be suitable for further testing. 
     Therefore, the illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account that it would be desirable to have a method and apparatus that take into account at least some of the issues discussed above. For example, it would be desirable to have a method and apparatus that overcome a technical problem with the time and cost of testing objects. 
     Thus, in another illustrative example, object immersion environment  100  may be applied to immerse human operator  111  in three-dimensional environment  112  during testing of object  102 . For example, three-dimensional environment  112  may be used to manage testing of object  102  in live environment  146  as an immersive object testing system. 
     For example, test  148  may be performed on object  102 . In other words, test  148  is performed on object  102  as a physical object, rather than using a simulation of test  148  on object  102 . 
     During operation, model manager  106  creates avatar  118  representing human operator  111  and places avatar  118  in three-dimensional environment  112  with model  104  of object  102 . Model manager  106  displays three-dimensional environment  112  with model  104  of object  102  and avatar  118  from viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118  on display system  122  viewed by human operator  111 . 
     Further, model manager  106  receives live information  149  about object  102  that is under testing in live environment  146 . In the illustrative example, live information  149  includes at least one of modulation data, temperature, acceleration, velocity, translation, temperature, vibration data, force, acoustic data, or other suitable data. 
     Model manager  106  identifies change  138  in object  102  from applying live information  149  to model  104  of object  102  and displays change  138  in model  104  of object  102  as seen from viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118 . In the illustrative example, live information  149  may be applied to model  104  using analyzer  150 . For example, analyzer  150  may be a finite element analysis system or some other suitable type of process. 
     In other words, model manager  106  receives live information  149  from live environment  146  for the object  102 ; identifies an effect of live information  149  on model  104  of object  102  based on live information  149 , and displays effect on model  104  of object  102  in the three-dimensional environment  112 . Live environment  146  may be one in which object  102  is used during operation of object  102 . In another example, live environment  146  may be a test environment, such as a laboratory, a test chamber, a wind tunnel, or some other location. 
     In one example, model manager  106  displays a group of colors  152  on model  104  of object  102  in three-dimensional environment  112  as seen from viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118  in which the group of colors  152  indicates amounts of a group of parameters  154  for object  102 . For example, the group of parameters  154  may be selected from at least one of stress, strain, displacement, acoustics, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), temperature, or some other suitable parameter for object  102 . 
     In the illustrative example, sensor system  155  generates live information  149  about object  102  under testing in live environment  146 . As depicted, sensor system  155  is selected from at least one of a laser scanner, a strain gauge, an accelerometer, a force sensing resistor, a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, an impact detector, a gyroscopic sensor, an inertial measurement unit, or some other suitable sensor device. 
     As depicted, change  138  is displacement of object  102  and model  104  is a finite element method model. In identifying change  138  in object  102  from applying live information  149  to model  104  of object  102 , model manager  106  performs a finite element analysis on model  104  using live information  149  about the displacement of object  102  and identifies the stress in object  102  from the finite element analysis. 
     In this illustrative example, human operator  111  and object  102  do not need to be in the same location. For example, human operator  111  may be in first location  156 , and object  102  that is under testing may be in second location  158 . For example, first location  156  may be a computer lab, while second location  158  may be an airspace over a desert. 
     With respect to testing of object  102 , the illustrative embodiments recognize and take into account that during testing of object  102 , the data from the test are often reviewed after the test has completed. For example, measurements of displacement may be made during testing of object  102  with those measurements analyzed after testing is completed. 
     In some cases, the displacement may result in undesired inconsistencies to occur in object  102 . For example, if object  102  is a wing, cracks, delamination, breaks, or other inconsistencies may occur. As a result, a new object is manufactured for further testing. Manufacturing new objects for testing may result in more time and expense for testing objects than desired. 
     With displaying changes in in model  104  of object  102  during testing, test process  160  used in testing object  102  may be changed based on change  138  identified in model  104  of object  102  as seen from viewpoint  121  relative to avatar  118 . The change in test process  160  may be made during a time selected from at least one of during a test of object  102  or after the test of object  102 . 
     In one illustrative example, one or more technical solutions are present that overcome a technical problem with a method and apparatus that overcome a technical problem with managing design changes in models of objects. As a result, one or more technical solutions may provide a technical effect of reducing time needed to make design changes in models of objects. 
     As a result, computer system  110  operates as a special purpose computer system in which model manager  106  in computer system  110  enables human operator  111  to interact with and make design changes  134  in model  104  through avatar  118 . For example, changes were made in a group of dimensions  132  in model  104  that may be saved in file  136  for later use in analysis, prototype fabrication, product manufacturing, or some other suitable operation using model  104 . In other words, the change is not merely a graphical change that is displayed on display system  122 . These changes may be made in a manner to manage at least one of the design, testing, or production of object  102  in an illustrative example. 
     In particular, model manager  106  transforms computer system  110  into a special purpose computer system as compared to currently available general computer systems that do not have model manager  106 . With model manager  106 , changes to test process  160  may be made for test  148  of object  102 . Change in test process  160  may occur during testing of object  102  through receiving live information  149  and immersing human operator  111  into three-dimensional environment one 112 to obtain a visualization of a group of parameters  154  of object  102  that is currently being tested. The visualization is performed in real time in the illustrative example, and may be used to refine test process  160  during or after test  148  with use of model manager  106 . 
     The illustration of object immersion environment  100  in  FIG. 1  is not meant to imply physical or architectural limitations to the manner in which an illustrative embodiment may be implemented. Other components in addition to or in place of the ones illustrated may be used. Some components may be unnecessary. Also, the blocks are presented to illustrate some functional components. One or more of these blocks may be combined, divided, or combined and divided into different blocks when implemented in an illustrative embodiment. 
     For example, a group of objects in addition to or in place of object  102  may be placed into three-dimensional environment  112  using models for the group of objects. Human operator  111  may interact with the group of models for the group of objects in the same manner as with model  104  for object  102 . 
     In another illustrative example, three-dimensional environment  112  may be viewed by another human operator in addition to human operator  111 . The view may be from the same viewpoint or another displayed to human operator  111 . In still another illustrative example, another avatar for another human operator may be placed into three-dimensional environment  112  in addition to avatar  118  for human operator  111 . In this manner, multiple human operators may be immersed into three-dimensional environment  112  and interact with object  102 . 
     In yet another illustrative example, three-dimensional environment  112  may take other forms other than virtual reality environment. For example, three-dimensional environment  112  may be an augmented reality environment. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 2 , an illustration of an object immersion environment is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Object immersion environment  200  is an example of one implementation of object immersion environment  100  shown in block form in  FIG. 1 . 
     In this illustrative example, object immersion environment  200  includes model manager  202  and optical system  204 . As depicted, model manager  202  is implemented in a computer and is an example of one implementation for model manager  106  shown in block form in  FIG. 1 . Optical system  204  is an example of one implementation for motion capture system  130  shown in block form in  FIG. 1 . 
     As depicted, optical system  204  includes camera  208  and camera  210 . These cameras individually or cooperatively capture data that may be used to obtain the three-dimensional position of human operator  212  using a marker or markerless tracking system. 
     In this illustrative example, human operator  212  is an example of human operator  111  shown in block form in  FIG. 1 . In this illustrative example, human operator  212  wears head-mounted display  214  and marker suit  216 . 
     Head-mounted display  214  is an example of a device that may be used to implement display system  122  shown in block form in  FIG. 1 . As depicted, marker suit  216  may have reflective markers, light emitting diodes, or other types of passive or active markers that are detectable by optical system  204  to identify motions of human operator  212 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 3 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this illustrative example, display  300  is an example of a display seen by human operator  212  on head-mounted display  214  in  FIG. 2 . 
     In this illustrative example, display  300  is a display of a three-dimensional environment generated by model manager  202  in  FIG. 2 . Display  300  shows avatar  302  with model  304  of a flight deck. 
     As depicted, display  300  is from a viewpoint relative to avatar  302 . The viewpoint in this example is from a point that is a distance away from avatar  302 , such as a third person viewpoint. Avatar  302  represents human operator  212 . For example, avatar  302  has dimensions that correspond to human operator  212  in this particular example. 
     As depicted, human operator  212  may move with the motion being translated into corresponding movement of avatar  302  with respect to model  304  of the flight deck. Thus, human operator  212  may be immersed in the virtual reality environment with movements of human operator  212  being translated into corresponding movements of avatar  302 . 
     In this illustrative example, the flight deck in model  304  includes seat  306 , seat  308 , and controls  310 . For example, controls  310  include, switches  312 , flight stick  314 , and flight stick  316 . Other controls are present in model  304  of the flight deck, but are not described to avoid obscuring the description of the manner in which model manager  202  operates to provide display  300 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 4 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In the illustrative examples, the same reference numeral may be used in more than one figure. This reuse of a reference numeral in different figures represents the same element in the different figures. In this view, motions of human operator  212  have caused avatar  302  to move into seat  308  in model  304  of the flight deck. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 5 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this figure, display  300  is a viewpoint from the eyes of avatar  302  and is a first person point of view. With this viewpoint, a more realistic view and immersion into the three-dimensional environment with model  304  of the flight deck is provided to human operator  212 . 
     As depicted in this example, human operator  212  may have arm and hand movement such that right arm  500  with right hand  502  of avatar  302  reaches and operates one or more of switches  312  as part of testing ergonomics of the flight deck. As a result, human operator  212  is immersed such that the operation of switches  312  appears to be those performed by human operator  212 . 
     With reference next to  FIG. 6 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Human operator  212  is focused on flight stick  316  shown in display  300  from the viewpoint of the eyes of avatar  302 . 
     In illustrative this example, avatar  302  grips flight stick  316  with left hand  602  and right hand  502 . Human operator  212  initiates a command to change dimensions for flight stick  316 . In this illustrative example, the command may be verbal commands such that human operator  212  does not need to manipulate an input device and may focus on flight stick  316 . 
     As depicted, human operator  212  moves left hand  602  in the direction of arrow  604 . Further, human operator also moves right hand  502  in the direction of arrow  608 . This movement, in essence, stretches flight stick  316 . As a result, the dimensions of model  304  change and, in particular, the dimensions for flight stick  316  in model  304 . 
     With reference next to  FIG. 7 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this illustration, flight stick  316  has changed in dimensions based on left hand  602  and right hand  502  pulling on flight stick  316 . 
     These changes in dimensions in model  304  may be stored in the file containing model  304 . As a result, the update to model  304  may be used for further testing, fabricating a prototype of the flight deck, manufacturing an actual flight deck in an aircraft, or other suitable operations in designing the flight deck. 
     With reference next to  FIG. 8 , an illustration of a live environment is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this illustrative example, object immersion environment  200  includes model manager  202 , optical system  204 , and human operator  212  in first location  800 . 
     Additionally, aircraft  802  is shown in live environment  804  in second location  805 . In this example, aircraft  802  includes a deformation sensor system in the form of strain gauges  806  on wing  808  and wing  810 . 
     Strain gauges  806  measure deformation in wing  808  and wing  810 . These measurements form live information that is sent to model manager  202  as quickly as possible without intentional delay during testing of aircraft  802 . For example, live information is sent in real time from strain gauges  806  to model manager  202 . The live information may be sent over wireless connection  812  from aircraft  802  to model manager  202 . 
     With reference now to  FIG. 9 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator using live information is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Display  900  is an example of a display seen by human operator  212  on head-mounted display  214  in  FIG. 8 . 
     In this illustrative example, display  900  is a display of a three-dimensional environment generated by model manager  202  in  FIG. 8  using live information generated in live environment  804  in  FIG. 8 . In this illustrative example, avatar  302  is shown in display  900  with model  902  of aircraft  802  in live environment  804 . 
     As depicted, display  900  is from a viewpoint relative to avatar  302 . The viewpoint in this example is from a point that is a distance away from avatar  302 . 
     In this illustrative example, the live information is used to identify stress in wing  808  and wing  810  for aircraft in  FIG. 8 . As depicted, the stress is shown in display  900  using graphical indicators  904  on wing  906  and wing  908  in model  902  of aircraft  802 . 
     As depicted, graphical indicators  904  take the form of colors. The colors for graphical indicators  904  show where stress has been identified from the live information. The color is used to indicate the amount of stress in this illustrative example. For example, the color blue indicates low stress, while the color red indicates high stress. The low stress may be stress that is within design tolerances, while the high stress may be a stress that is greater than a design tolerance for the wing. 
     Turning next to  FIG. 10 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator using live information is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this example, human operator  212  has moved in a manner that caused avatar  302  to move towards wing  906 . Display  900  changes to an enlarged view of a portion of wing  906  based on movement of avatar  302  closer to wing  906  in model  902  of aircraft  802 . 
     With reference now to  FIG. 11 , an illustration of a display of a three-dimensional environment to a human operator is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. In this figure, display  900  is from a first person viewpoint from the eyes of avatar  302 . 
     As depicted, human operator  212  may view the stress through graphical indicators  904 . Human operator  212  may view this information when examining the actual object under test if examining the object under stress in person may be infeasible or does not have a desired level of safety. 
     Further, if other operators are viewing the three-dimensional environment, human operator  212  may point to the location, such as location  1100 , as the location of interest based on viewing graphical indicators  904 . In this example, human operator  212  points to location  1100  through motions that translate into right hand  502  pointing to location  1100 . In another illustrative example, human operator  212  may graphically mark location  1100  for additional analysis. The marking may be made through highlighting, coloring, a graphic, text, or some other suitable marking mechanism. 
     The illustration of the object immersion environment and the live environment in  FIGS. 2-11  have been provided for purposes of illustrating one illustrative example. The illustrations are not meant to limit the manner in which other illustrative examples may be implemented. For example, other types of display systems may be used instead of a head-mounted display. Examples of other types of display systems include a display monitor, a holographic display system, or some other suitable type of display system that may be used depending on the implementation and the desired level of immersion for a human operator. 
     As another example, the human operator may also use tactile feedback devices. For example, the human operator may wear cyber gloves that provide a force feedback to the human operator when interacting with an object. This type of feedback may provide increased immersion into the three-dimensional environment with the object. 
     In still other illustrative examples, the objects may be platforms other than an aircraft. For example, the objects may be a consumer electronic device, an office, or some other suitable type of object for which object immersion is desired. In yet another example, marker suit  216  may be omitted when features on human operator  212  are used in place of actual markers. 
     In still another illustrative example, other types of parameters other than stress may be shown for model  902  of aircraft  802 . For example, temperature may be shown in addition to or in place of stress. 
     Turning next to  FIG. 12 , an illustration of a flowchart of a process for managing an object is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The process illustrated in  FIG. 12  may be implemented in object immersion environment  100  in  FIG. 1 . In particular, the process may be implemented using model manager  106  in object management system  108 . 
     The process begins by displaying a three-dimensional environment with a model of an object and an avatar representing a human operator from a viewpoint relative to the avatar on a display system (operation  1200 ). The process detects a motion of the human operator (operation  1202 ). The process identifies an interaction between the avatar and the model of the object in real time using the information about the motions of the human operator that are detected in real time (operation  1204 ). 
     A determination is made as to whether the interaction displaces a portion of the object that is not designed to be movable (operation  1206 ). If the interaction moves a portion of an object not designed to be movable, the interaction is a displacement. 
     If the interaction displaces a portion of the object, a group of dimensions in the model of the object is changed (operation  1208 ). The process displays the interaction between the avatar and the model object in the three-dimensional environment on the display system (operation  1210 ). With reference again to operation  1206 , if the interaction moves a portion of the object that is designed to be movable, the process proceeds directly to operation  1210  from operation  1206 . In this case, a group of dimensions in the model of the object are not changed. 
     A determination is made as to whether use of the three-dimensional environment is completed (operation  1212 ). If the use of the three-dimensional environment is not completed, the process returns to operation  1204 . 
     Otherwise, the process determines whether a change has been made to a group of dimensions in the model of the object (operation  1214 ). If a change has been made to the group of dimensions of the model of the object, the process updates a file storing the model of the object such that the file reflects the change in the group of dimensions in the model of the object (operation  1216 ) with the process terminating thereafter. Otherwise, the process terminates without updating the file. 
     Turning now to  FIG. 13 , an illustration of a flowchart of a process for testing an object is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The process illustrated in  FIG. 13  may be implemented using object immersion environment  100  and live environment  146  in  FIG. 1 . In particular, one or more operations in this flowchart may be implemented using model manager  106 . 
     The process begins by testing an object in a live environment (operation  1300 ). The process generates the live information about the object under testing in the live environment with a sensor system (operation  1302 ). 
     The process displays a three-dimensional environment with a model of an object and an avatar from a viewpoint relative to the avatar on a display system viewed by the human operator (operation  1304 ). The process generates information about motions of a human operator that are detected (operation  1306 ). The process receives live information about the object that is under testing in the live environment (step  1308 ). 
     The process identifies a change in the object from applying the live information to the model of the object (operation  1310 ). The process displays the change in the model of the object on the display system as seen from a viewpoint relative to the avatar in the three-dimensional environment (operation  1312 ). In this example, operation  1312  may comprise displaying a group of colors on the model of the object as seen from the point of view relative to the avatar in which the group of colors indicates amounts of stress for the object. 
     A determination is made as to whether testing of the object is complete (operation  1314 ). If the testing is completed, the process is terminated. Otherwise, the process returns to operation  1300 . 
     With the process in  FIG. 13 , change in a test process used in testing the object may be made based on the change identified in the object as seen from the viewpoint of the avatar. The change in the test process is performed during a time selected from at least one of during a test of the object or after the test of the object. In this manner, more efficient testing may occur. 
     The increased efficiency in testing may result in performing additional tests during the testing session if a determination is made that the initial test is completed as desired. In another illustrative example, a particular test may be halted if the change displayed for the model indicates that an undesired result may occur. For example, the undesired result may be an inconsistency being introduced into the object. For example, if the object is an aircraft, and a bank angle changing at a particular rate indicates that a wing of the aircraft may begin to incur inconsistencies such as delamination or fractures, that maneuver may be halted. In a similar fashion, if forces are applied to a composite wing in a laboratory, the display of the change in the model of the composite wing may indicate that the amount of stress may cause delamination in the composite wing. The test may then be halted prior to delamination occurring in the composite wing. In this manner, further testing may be performed without fabricating another composite wing. 
     With reference next to  FIG. 14 , an illustration of a flowchart of a process for identifying a change in an object from applying live information is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The process in  FIG. 14  is an example of one implementation for operation  1310  in  FIG. 13 . In this example, the change is a displacement in the object being tested. 
     The process begins by performing a finite element analysis on the model using the live information about the object (operation  1400 ). The process identifies the stress in the object from the finite element analysis (step  1402 ) with the process terminating thereafter. 
     With reference next to  FIG. 15 , an illustration of a flowchart of a process for placing an avatar into computer-aided design software is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The process illustrated in  FIG. 15  may be used to add avatar  118  in  FIG. 1  into three-dimensional environment  112  when three-dimensional environment  112  is generated by computer-aided design system  144 . 
     The process begins by generating information about the human operator through a motion capture system (operation  1500 ). The information may include at least one of the location of features or markers on the human operator in three dimensions. 
     The process creates a skeleton model of the human operator (operation  1502 ). The skeleton model includes an identification of joint locations and dimensions that are substantially the same as the human operator in this example. 
     A determination is made as to whether the computer-aided design software currently includes an avatar (operation  1504 ). If the computer-aided design software currently includes an avatar, the skeleton model is sent to the computer-aided design software (operation  1506 ) with the process terminating thereafter. 
     If an avatar is not available in the computer-aided design software, the process adds a model of the avatar to the skeleton model (operation  1508 ). The model includes a mesh for skin and attachments such as clothing and items that may be worn by the avatar or otherwise attached to the avatar. In operation  1508 , a mesh for the avatar is placed onto the skeleton model to form the avatar. The process then sends the completed avatar to the computer-aided software (operation  1510 ) with the process terminating thereafter. In this manner, an avatar representing the human operator may be added for use with the computer-aided design software. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 16 , an illustration of a flowchart of a process for applying live information to a model is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. The process illustrated in  FIG. 16  may be implemented in model manager  106 . 
     The process begins by receiving the live information (operation  1600 ). Thereafter, the process formats the live information for use in an analyzer (operation  1602 ). In operation at  1602 , the analyzer may be, for example, the finite element analysis process or some other suitable type of analysis process. In the illustrative example, currently used analysis processes may be used with the live data formatted for use by the process. Thereafter, the process forms a simulation using live information (operation  1604 ). The process then displays the results of the analysis on the model (operation  1606 ) with the process returning to operation  1600 . 
     The flowcharts and block diagrams in the different depicted embodiments illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of some possible implementations of apparatuses and methods in an illustrative embodiment. In this regard, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent at least one of a module, a segment, a function, or a portion of an operation or step. For example, one or more of the blocks may be implemented as program code, in hardware, or a combination of the program code and hardware. When implemented in hardware, the hardware may, for example, take the form of integrated circuits that are manufactured or configured to perform one or more operations in the flowcharts or block diagrams. When implemented as a combination of program code and hardware, the implementation may take the form of firmware. 
     In some alternative implementations of an illustrative embodiment, the function or functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, in some cases, two blocks shown in succession may be performed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be performed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. Also, other blocks may be added in addition to the illustrated blocks in a flowchart or block diagram. 
     For example, the process in  FIG. 12  enables a human operator to make design changes to the model of the object. As a further enhancement, the process in  FIG. 12  may include operations in which live information is displayed. For example, the process may receive live information from an environment of intended use for the object, identify a change in the model from applying the live information to the model of the object, and display the change in the model of the object in the three-dimensional environment. In another illustrative example, in  FIG. 13 , operation  1300  and operation  1302  may be performed at substantially the same time as operation  1304  and  1306 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 17 , an illustration of a block diagram of a data processing system is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Data processing system  1700  may be used to implement computer system  110  in  FIG. 1 . In this illustrative example, data processing system  1700  includes communications framework  1702 , which provides communications between processor unit  1704 , memory  1706 , persistent storage  1708 , communications unit  1710 , input/output (I/O) unit  1712 , and display  1714 . In this example, communication framework may take the form of a bus system. 
     Processor unit  1704  serves to execute instructions for software that may be loaded into memory  1706 . Processor unit  1704  may be a number of processors, a multi-processor core, or some other type of processor, depending on the particular implementation. 
     Memory  1706  and persistent storage  1708  are examples of storage devices  1716 . A storage device is any piece of hardware that is capable of storing information, such as, for example, without limitation, at least one of data, program code in functional form, or other suitable information either on a temporary basis, a permanent basis, or both on a temporary basis and a permanent basis. Storage devices  1716  may also be referred to as computer-readable storage devices in these illustrative examples. Memory  1706 , in these examples, may be, for example, a random access memory or any other suitable volatile or non-volatile storage device. Persistent storage  1708  may take various forms, depending on the particular implementation. 
     For example, persistent storage  1708  may contain one or more components or devices. For example, persistent storage  1708  may be a hard drive, a flash memory, a rewritable optical disk, a rewritable magnetic tape, or some combination of the above. The media used by persistent storage  1708  also may be removable. For example, a removable hard drive may be used for persistent storage  1708 . 
     Communications unit  1710 , in these illustrative examples, provides for communications with other data processing systems or devices. In these illustrative examples, communications unit  1710  is a network interface card. 
     Input/output unit  1712  allows for input and output of data with other devices that may be connected to data processing system  1700 . For example, input/output unit  1712  may provide a connection for user input through at least one of a keyboard, a mouse, or some other suitable input device. Further, input/output unit  1712  may send output to a printer. Display  1714  provides a mechanism to display information to a user. 
     Instructions for at least one of the operating system, applications, or programs may be located in storage devices  1716 , which are in communication with processor unit  1704  through communications framework  1702 . The processes of the different embodiments may be performed by processor unit  1704  using computer-implemented instructions, which may be located in a memory, such as memory  1706 . 
     These instructions are referred to as program code, computer-usable program code, or computer-readable program code that may be read and executed by a processor in processor unit  1704 . The program code in the different embodiments may be embodied on different physical or computer-readable storage media, such as memory  1706  or persistent storage  1708 . 
     Program code  1718  is located in a functional form on computer-readable media  1720  that is selectively removable and may be loaded onto or transferred to data processing system  1700  for execution by processor unit  1704 . Program code  1718  and computer-readable media  1720  form computer program product  1722  in these illustrative examples. In one example, computer-readable media  1720  may be computer-readable storage media  1724  or computer-readable signal media  1726 . In these illustrative examples, computer-readable storage media  1724  is a physical or tangible storage device used to store program code  1718 , rather than a medium that propagates or transmits program code  1718 . 
     Alternatively, program code  1718  may be transferred to data processing system  1700  using computer-readable signal media  1726 . Computer-readable signal media  1726  may be, for example, a propagated data signal containing program code  1718 . For example, computer-readable signal media  1726  may be at least one of an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any other suitable type of signal. These signals may be transmitted over at least one of communications links, such as wireless communications links, an optical fiber cable, a coaxial cable, a wire, or any other suitable type of communications link. 
     The different components illustrated for data processing system  1700  are not meant to provide architectural limitations to the manner in which different embodiments may be implemented. The different illustrative embodiments may be implemented in a data processing system including components in addition to or in place of those illustrated for data processing system  1700 . Other components shown in  FIG. 17  can be varied from the illustrative examples shown. The different embodiments may be implemented using any hardware device or system capable of running program code  1718 . 
     Illustrative embodiments of the disclosure may be described in the context of aircraft manufacturing and service method  1800  as shown in  FIG. 18  and aircraft  1900  as shown in  FIG. 19 . Turning first to  FIG. 18 , an illustration of a block diagram of an aircraft manufacturing and service method is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. During pre-production, aircraft manufacturing and service method  1800  may include specification and design  1802  of aircraft  1900  and material procurement  1804 . 
     During production, component and subassembly manufacturing  1806  and system integration  1808  of aircraft  1900  takes place. Thereafter, aircraft  1900  may go through certification and delivery  1810  in order to be placed in service  1812 . While in service  1812  by a customer, aircraft  1900  in is scheduled for routine maintenance and service  1814 , which may include modification, reconfiguration, refurbishment, and other maintenance or service. 
     Each of the processes of aircraft manufacturing and service method  1800  may be performed or carried out by a system integrator, a third party, an operator, or some combination thereof. In these examples, the operator may be a customer. For the purposes of this description, a system integrator may include, without limitation, any number of aircraft manufacturers and major-system subcontractors; a third party may include, without limitation, any number of vendors, subcontractors, and suppliers; and an operator may be an airline, a leasing company, a military entity, a service organization, and so on. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 19 , an illustration of a block diagram of an aircraft is depicted in which an illustrative embodiment may be implemented. In this example, aircraft  1900  is produced by aircraft manufacturing and service method  1800  in  FIG. 18  and may include airframe  1902  with a plurality of systems  1904  and interior  1906 . Examples of systems  1904  include one or more of propulsion system  1908 , electrical system  1910 , hydraulic system  1912 , and environmental system  1914 . Any number of other systems may be included. Although an aerospace example is shown, different illustrative embodiments may be applied to other industries, such as the automotive industry. Apparatuses and methods embodied herein may be employed during at least one of the stages of aircraft manufacturing and service method  1800 . 
     As yet another example, one or more apparatus embodiments, method embodiments, or a combination thereof may be utilized during design and production stages. For example, model manager  106  in  FIG. 1  may be used to create and refine a design of aircraft  1900  in which the design is represented by a model, such as a computer-aided design model. The model may be updated using model manager  106  during component and subassembly manufacturing  1806  and system integration  1808  based on information received during these stages. 
     One or more apparatus embodiments, method embodiments, or a combination thereof may be utilized while aircraft  1900  is in service  1812  in  FIG. 18 , during maintenance and service  1814 , or both. For example, model manager  106  may be used to change the design of parts needed during maintenance of aircraft  1900 . The use of a number of the different illustrative embodiments may substantially expedite the assembly of aircraft  1900 , reduce the cost of aircraft  1900 , or both expedite the assembly of aircraft  1900  and reduce the cost of aircraft  1900 . 
     Turning now to  FIG. 20 , an illustration of a block diagram of a product management system is depicted in accordance with an illustrative embodiment. Product management system  2000  is a physical hardware system. In this illustrative example, product management system  2000  may include at least one of manufacturing system  2002  or maintenance system  2004 . In the illustrative example, object management system  108  in  FIG. 1  may be used with product management system  2000  to produce objects, such as aircraft  1900  in  FIG. 19 . 
     Manufacturing system  2002  is configured to manufacture objects or products, such as aircraft  1900 . As depicted, manufacturing system  2002  includes manufacturing equipment  2006 . Manufacturing equipment  2006  includes at least one of fabrication equipment  2008  or assembly equipment  2010 . 
     Fabrication equipment  2008  is equipment that may be used to fabricate components for parts used to form aircraft  1900 . For example, fabrication equipment  2008  may include machines and tools. These machines and tools may be at least one of a drill, a hydraulic press, a furnace, a mold, a composite tape laying machine, a vacuum system, a lathe, or other suitable types of equipment. Fabrication equipment  2008  may be used to fabricate at least one of metal parts, composite parts, semiconductors, circuits, fasteners, ribs, skin panels, spars, antennas, or other suitable types of parts. 
     Assembly equipment  2010  is equipment used to assemble parts to form aircraft  1900 . In particular, assembly equipment  2010  may be used to assemble components and parts to form aircraft  1900 . Assembly equipment  2010  also may include machines and tools. These machines and tools may be at least one of a robotic arm, a crawler, a faster installation system, a rail-based drilling system, a robot, or other suitable types of equipment. Assembly equipment  2010  may be used to assemble parts such as seats, horizontal stabilizers, wings, engines, engine housings, landing gear systems, and other parts for aircraft  1900 . 
     In this illustrative example, maintenance system  2004  includes maintenance equipment  2012 . Maintenance equipment  2012  may include any equipment needed to perform maintenance on aircraft  1900 . Maintenance equipment  2012  may include tools for performing different operations on parts on aircraft  1900 . These operations may include at least one of disassembling parts, refurbishing parts, inspecting parts, reworking parts, manufacturing placement parts, or other operations for performing maintenance on aircraft  1900 . These operations may be for routine maintenance, inspections, upgrades, refurbishment, or other types of maintenance operations. 
     In the illustrative example, maintenance equipment  2012  may include ultrasonic inspection devices, x-ray imaging systems, vision systems, drills, crawlers, or other suitable devices. In some cases, maintenance equipment  2012  may include fabrication equipment  2008 , assembly equipment  2010 , or both to produce and assemble parts that may be needed for maintenance. 
     Product management system  2000  also includes control system  2014 . Control system  2014  is a hardware system, and may also include software or other types of components. Control system  2014  is configured to control the operation of at least one of manufacturing system  2002  or maintenance system  2004 . For example, control system  2014  may control operation of manufacturing system  2002  using model  104  in  FIG. 1 . In particular, control system  2014  may control the operation of at least one of fabrication equipment  2008 , assembly equipment  2010 , or maintenance equipment  2012  using model  104 . 
     In the illustrative example, object management system  108 , including model manager  106 , may communicate with control system  2014  as part of a process to manufacture objects, such as aircraft  1900  or parts of aircraft  1900 . Model manager  106  in  FIG. 1  may allow for changes in the design of aircraft  1900  to be made more quickly and more efficiently with less cost, and send model  104  to control system  2014  for use in manufacturing or performing maintenance for aircraft  1900 . A design for aircraft  1900  may be supplied to control system  2014  to manufacture aircraft  1900  or parts for aircraft  1900  by manufacturing system  2002 . Also, adjustments to aircraft  1900  may be identified in model  104  for use in maintenance system  2004  using model manager  106 . 
     The hardware in control system  2014  may use hardware that may include computers, circuits, networks, and other types of equipment. The control may take the form of direct control of manufacturing equipment  2006 . For example, robots, computer-controlled machines, and other equipment may be controlled by control system  2014 . In other illustrative examples, control system  2014  may manage operations performed by human operators  2016  in manufacturing or performing maintenance on aircraft  1900 . For example, control system  2014  may assign tasks, provide instructions, display models, or perform other operations to manage operations performed by human operators  2016 . In these illustrative examples, model manager  106  in  FIG. 1  may be in communication with or may be implemented in control system  2014  to manage at least one of the manufacturing or maintenance of aircraft  1900 . 
     In the different illustrative examples, human operators  2016  may operate or interact with at least one of manufacturing equipment  2006 , maintenance equipment  2012 , or control system  2014 . This interaction may be performed to manufacture aircraft  1900 . 
     Of course, product management system  2000  may be configured to manage other products other than aircraft  1900 . Although aircraft management system  2000  has been described with respect to manufacturing in the aerospace industry, aircraft management system  2000  may be configured to manage products for other industries. For example, aircraft management system  2000  may be configured to manufacture products for the automotive industry as well as any other suitable industries. 
     Thus, one or more of the illustrative examples provide one or more technical solutions that overcome a technical problem with managing design changes in models of objects. As a result, one or more technical solutions using model manager  106  may provide a technical effect of reducing time needed to make design changes in models of objects. As depicted, model manager  106  may be used to provide immersion into a virtual reality environment that allows for ergonomic testing. Further, changes to a design of an object during this testing or for other reasons may be made by the human operator making motions translated into those of the avatar to change dimensions in the model of the object. 
     In yet another illustrative example, live information may be obtained from testing of the object in a live environment. This data may be received in real time such that changes in the testing procedures may occur while the testing is in progress. In this manner, the time and expense needed to test objects may be reduced and additional tests may be avoided by changing the current test. For example, parameters to be tested in a second test may be during the first test if the first test is successful in time, and resources designated for the first test are still present for testing the object. 
     The description of the different illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments in the form disclosed. The different illustrative examples describe components that perform actions or operations. In an illustrative embodiment, a component may be configured to perform the action or operation described. For example, the component may have a configuration or design for a structure that provides the component an ability to perform the action or operation that is described in the illustrative examples as being performed by the component. 
     Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, different illustrative embodiments may provide different features as compared to other desirable embodiments. The embodiment or embodiments selected are chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosure for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.