Patent Publication Number: US-2010129303-A1

Title: Sunscreen and personal care compositions comprising a random terpolymer

Description:
This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional application No. 61/196,412, filed on Oct. 17, 2008. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is directed to topically applicable, water-resistant cosmetic or dermatological compositions which are well suited for the UV-photoprotection of human skin and/or hair comprising an effective UV-photoprotecting amount of: (a) at least one UV screening agent from various classes and particularly effect mixtures thereof; and, (b) at least one random terpolymer; and, optionally, (c) other cosmetically acceptable ingredients. The various classes of UV-protecting compounds or UV sunscreens of special interest are selected from the groups b 1  sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorber, b 2  Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine, b 3  at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber, b 4  at least one inorganic UV absorber and b 5  at least one water soluble UV absorber further defined herein. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Sunscreen compositions are applied to the skin to protect the skin from the sun&#39;s ultraviolet rays that can lead to erythema, a reddening of the skin also known as sunburn. Sunlight or ultraviolet radiation in the UV-B range has a wavelength of 290 nm to 320 nm and is known to be the primary cause of sunburn. Ultraviolet rays at a wavelength of 320 nm to 400 nm, known as UV-A radiation, produces tanning of the skin. However, in the process of doing so, the UV-A rays can damage or harm the skin. 
     Besides the immediate malady of sunburn, excessive sunlight exposure can lead to skin disorders. For instance, prolonged and constant exposure to the sun may lead to actinic keratoses and carcinomas. Another long-term effect is premature aging of the skin. This condition is characterized by skin that is wrinkled, cracked and has lost its elasticity. 
     As stated above, sunscreens are typically formulated with the goal of inhibiting skin damage from the sun&#39;s rays. The sunscreen composition filters or blocks the harmful UV-A and UV-B rays that can damage and harm the skin. It is believed that sunscreen agents accomplish this by absorbing the UV-A and/or UV-B rays. 
     Typically, the above-described oil soluble UV-B filters are combined with the above-described oil soluble UV-A filters in a solution with other lipophilic ingredients and solvents to form an oil phase. Alternative, the above described water soluble UV-B filters are combined with the above-described water-soluble UV-A filters in a solution with other hydrophilic ingredients and solvents to form a water phase. Specific solvents or liquid suncreens are used to solubilize the solid soluble sunscreen actives into the oil or water phase. Particulate UV filters such inorganic pigments or micronized organic UV filters are dispersed in the oil phase or in the water phase or in the finished emulsion depending on their nature and especially on their surface nature. 
     The final cosmetic compositions are generally manufactured by mixing an oil phase and a water phase, however they can be made without water or oil or composed by other ingredient-based phases (for example: cosmetic oil, clear alcoholic spray, silicone based emulsions). Typically, for oil in water formulation, the oil phase is dispersed into the water phase with the help of emulsifiers and stabilizers, to make an emulsion, which becomes the final sunscreen composition. 
     A wide variety of cosmetic compositions intended for the photoprotection (UV-A and/or UV-B) of the skin are also known to this art. 
     Copending U.S. Application Publication Nos. 2008/0247976 and 2008/0247975 herein incorporated entirely by reference, disclose sunscreens in combination with certain copolymers. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,204,090 discloses waterproof sunscreens comprising a water insoluble film forming polymer, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,653,965 discloses film forming polymers for a sunscreen spray, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,487,886 discloses acrylic polymers for sunscreen formulations, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,145,669 discloses water proof sunscreens containing crosslinked copolymer of maleic anhydride, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,663,157 discloses a copolymer of ethylene and acrylic acid for use in sunscreen compositions, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Publication Application No. 2006/0008427 discloses a photo-protective composition that contains a synergistic combination of a least one sunscreen agent and at least one carotenoid, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,108,860 discloses a cosmetic composition that contains at least two rheology modifying agents, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,014,842 discloses a sunscreen composition comprising one or more photoactive compounds and one or more optimization agents, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,409,998 discloses a UV-photoprotecting emulsion comprising micronized insoluble screening agents and associative polymers, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Application Publication No. 2004/0126339 discloses a sunscreen composition that includes a mixture of a skin bonding polymer and at least one sunscreen active ingredient, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,312,672 discloses waterproof sunscreen compositions which include polymers of isoprene, butadiene, and/or styrene, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Application Publication No. 2004/0091434 discloses a topically applicable photostable sunscreen composition containing at least one dibenzoylmethane UV-sunscreen and an effective amount of at least one amphiphilic block copolymer, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Application Publication No. 2003/0021847 discloses a composition for retaining active ingredients in personal care compositions based on one or more polymers having a network structure in an oil phase, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Application Publication No. 2002/0076390 discloses a composition for nails, skin and hair in the form of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,688,858 discloses a polymer suitable as a dispersant, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     U.S. Application Publication No. 2006/0104923 discloses a sunscreen composition containing fluorinated alkyl ethers, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     These anti-sun or sunscreen compositions are quite often provided in the form of an emulsion, of the oil-in-water (0/W) type (namely, a cosmetically and/or dermatologically acceptable carrier comprising an aqueous dispersing continuous phase and a fatty dispersed discontinuous phase) or of the water-in-oil (W/0) type (dispersed aqueous phase in a continuous fatty phase), which contains, at various concentrations, one or more lipophilic conventional organic UV-screening agents and/or inorganic nanopigments of metal oxides, and/or micronized organic UV absorbers, which are suited for selectively absorbing/scattering/reflecting the harmful UV radiation. These screening agents (and the quantities thereof) are selected according to the desired sun protection factor (the sun protection factor (SPF) being mathematically expressed by the ratio of the irradiation time required to attain the erythematogenic threshold with the UV-screening agent to the time required to attain the erythematogenic threshold in the absence of UV-screening agent). In such emulsions, the hydrophilic screening agents are present in the aqueous phase and the lipophilic screening agents are present in the fatty phase. 
     The oil-in-water emulsions are, in general, more accepted by the consumer than the water-in-oil emulsions because, in particular, of their pleasant feel (similar to water) and their presentation in the form of a non-oily cream or milk; however, they also more readily lose their UV protection efficacy as soon as they come into contact with water. Indeed, the hydrophilic screening agents tend to disappear in water, upon washing in the sea or in a swimming pool, under the shower or when engaged in water sports; thus, anti-sun or sunscreen compositions containing same, whether alone or combined with lipophilic screening agents, no longer provide the desired initial protection as soon as the substrate (skin or hair) to which they have been applied is contacted with water. 
     Anti-sun (sunscreen) compositions exhibiting improved resistance to water are formulated as water-in-oil, oil-in-water emulsions and alcoholic sprays. Indeed, a hydrophilic screening agent is more stable to water in a water-in-oil emulsion than in an oil-in-water emulsion. However, as indicated above, such compositions are not yet completely satisfactory since they promote, after application, a fat-like impression which is particularly unpleasant for the user. 
     Thus, serious need continues to exist for anti-sun or sunscreen compositions which impart to the skin and/or the hair effective solar protection which is stable over time and resistant to water (stability to water) and the cosmetic performance of which presents features that would be comparable to those obtained with conventional oil/water emulsions. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is now surprisingly and unexpectedly determined that specific sunscreen compositions containing at least one UV-screening agent and at least one random terpolymer not only provide anti-sun compositions whose cosmetic performance features are comparable to those generally associated with a conventional sunscreen composition formulated as an oil/water emulsion, but also exhibit good stability, water-resistance as well as enhanced stability to water. 
     Therefore, a first aspect of the present invention is directed to a sunscreen composition comprising at least one sunscreen agent, at least one random terpolymer of formula (I), and other cosmetically acceptable ingredients. 
     An important aspect of the present invention is the discovery that certain combinations of UV absorbers with formula (I) or select random terpolymers (Ia) give better performance in regard to water-resistance of films formed on skin or hair as well as improved sunscreening efficacy. 
     Therefore the invention is directed to certain select terpolymers and UV absorbers selected from specific classes of UV absorbers. Thus the invention embodies: 
     A) at least one random terpolymer of formula (Ia) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 
y, v, u, z and x represent the percentage by weight that each repeating unit or derived monomer is contained within the terpolymer;
 
y, v, u, z and x preferably add up to total 100 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer;
 
y is from about 1 to about 30%, preferably about 5 to about 20 and most preferably about 6 to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
v is from about 5% to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer, preferably about 5 to about 50, most preferably about 8 to about 20% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
u is from about 20% to about 80%, preferably about 30% to about 75% and most preferably about 40 to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
z is from about 1% to about 40%, preferably about 2% to about 15% and most preferably about 3% to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
x is from about 5% to about 25%, preferably about 6% to about 20%, most preferably about 8% to about 15% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
* is a terminal group, for example, a catalyst residue;
 
n is 2 to 20, preferably, 4 to 18 and most preferably 6 to 12;
 
wherein formula (I) is characterized by a weight average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 50,000, preferably about 10,000 to about 40,000 and most preferably about 15,000 to about 30,000 Daltons
 
and
 
B) a sunscreen selected from group consisting of
         b 1  at least one sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorber,   b 2  Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine,   b 3  at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber,   b 4  at least one inorganic UV absorber,   b 5  at least one water soluble UV absorber,   and   mixtures thereof.       

     The sunscreens are defined selectively as: 
     b 1 ) the at least one sparingly soluble micronized UV absorber is selected from the group consisting of:
 
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- and mixtures thereof. The b 1  UV absorbers are sparingly soluble and are micronized or unmicronized, but preferably micronized.
 
     Sparingly soluble in regard to b 1  means that the UV absorber is not appreciably soluble in either water or oil. 
     b 2 ) is Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine;
 
b 3 ) the at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber is selected from the group consisting of:
 
Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM), Oxybenzone, Sulisobenzone, Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT), Drometrizole Trisiloxane, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC), Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS), Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT), Homosalate, Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate, 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor, Octocrylene (OCR), Polysilicone-15, Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB) and mixtures thereof;
 
     Soluble in regard to b 3  means that the UV absorber is at least partially soluble in oil or organic solvents. 
     b 4 ) the at least one inorganic UV absorber is selected from the group consisting of: titanium oxide, zinc oxide and mixtures thereof;
 
and
 
b 5 ) the at least one water soluble UV absorber is Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), Sulisobenzone-sodium salt, Benzydilene Camphor Sulfonic Acid, Camphor Benzalkonium Methosulfate, Cinoxate, Disodium Phenyl Dibenzylmidazole Tetrasulfonate, Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid, PABA, PEG-25 PABA and mixtures thereof.
 
     Select combinations of UV absorbers with formula (I), defined below or the select terpolymer of formula (Ia) defined above are also embodied by the present invention. 
     Especially important are select UV absorber combinations with the select terpolymer as these combinations have been discovered to give heightened SPF values and high water-resistance when applied to skin and hair. 
     For example improved sunscreening effects are observed 
     when component B comprises both b 1  and b 2  with the select terpolymer;
 
when component B) comprises (b 3 ) titanium dioxide or zinc oxide with the proviso that the sunscreen composition contains substantially no organic UV absorbers.
 
     Further select of combination are for example combinations of component B with the formula (I), defined below or select terpolymer of formula (Ia) above and comprise the UV absorber combination selected from the group of UV absorber combinations consisting of 
     Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Tris-Biphenyl Triazine/Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl].
 
and
 
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Tris-Biphenyl Triazine/Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]-/Titanium oxide,
 
with the proviso that the sunscreen composition contains substantially no soluble organic UV absorber
 
and
 
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine and Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- are sparingly soluble micronized UV absorbers.
 
     The proviso above stating “no soluble organic UV absorbers” means no oil or water soluble organic UV absorber are part of the sunscreen composition. 
     A further select combination of component B) with the terpolymer of formula (I), defined below or the select terpolymer of formula (Ia) may comprise a UV absorber combination comprising 
     i.) 0.1 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of a UV absorber selected from group consisting of
 
Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- and Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine;
 
and
 
ii.) 0.1 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of a UV absorber selected from group consisting of
 
Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB), Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT), Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC), Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS), Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT), Octocrylene (OCR), Titanium Dioxide and Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA).
 
and Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- are sparingly soluble micronized UV absorbers.
 
     A further select combination of component B) with the terpolymer of formula (I) or the select formula (Ia) may comprise a UV absorber combination comprising 
     i.) 0.1 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of a UV absorber selected from group consisting of Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- and Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine;
 
wherein Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- are sparingly soluble micronized UV absorbers;
 
ii.) 0.1 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of the UV absorber Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM);
 
iii.) 0.1 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of the UV absorber selected from group consisting of
 
     Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT) and Octocrylene (OCR); 
     and
 
iv) 0 to 20 wt. % based on the total weight of the sunscreen composition of
         Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC),   Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS),   Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT),   Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA)   or   Titanium Dioxide.       

     Specific combinations of UV absorber mixtures selected from groups b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  and b 5  in combination with terpolymer of formula (I) or the selective formula (Ia) are for example:
     Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Octocrylene (OCR);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Octocrylene (OCR);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Octocrylene (OCR);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Titanium Dioxide;   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Titanium Dioxide;
 
wherein, Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol is an sparingly soluble micronized UV absorber.
   

     Alternative specific examples of b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  and b 5  combinations with formula (I) or the selective random terpolymer (Ia) are:
     Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol   Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene;   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene;   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene;   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Octocrylene/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM)/Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT)/Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS);
 
wherein Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol is an sparingly soluble micronized UV absorber.
   

     Specific combinations of UV absorber mixtures selected from groups b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  and b 5  in combination with formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) are for example:
     Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);   Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol/Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine/Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB)/Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC);
 
wherein, Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol is an sparingly soluble micronized UV absorber.
   

     A particular surprising discovery by the inventors also embodies substantially anhydrous sunscreen alcoholic formulations, which incorporates the terpolymer of formula (I) or selective random terpolymer (Ia) in combination with UV absorbers and combinations of UV absorbers. 
     The substantially anhydrous sunscreen alcoholic formulations work at very low concentrations of the random terpolymer of formula (I) and the select formula (Ia). For example, ranges from about 0.0001 to about 0.0500 weight percent of the substantially anyhydrous sunscreen alcoholic formulation show significant improvements in increasing SPF ratings on skin and hair. 
     The substantially anhydrous sunscreen alcoholic formulation which incorporates the terpolymer of formula (I) or selective terpolymer of formula (Ia) is especially efficient when the UV absorber is selected from at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber (b 3 ). 
     A second aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of preparing a sunscreen composition comprising mixing together at least one sunscreen agent, at least one random terpolymer of formula (Ia) as described above and, optionally, other cosmetically acceptable ingredients. 
     A third aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of increasing the sun protection factor of a sunscreen composition wherein said method comprises incorporating into said compositions above at an effective amount of at least one select random terpolymer according to formula (Ia) described above. 
     In particular a method of improving sunscreen efficacy on hair and skin is envisioned. 
     Thus the invention is directed to a method of improving sunscreen efficacy on hair and skin which method comprises 
     applying the compositions described above onto said hair or skin. 
     Further a method of improving the water-resistance of a sunscreen composition on skin or hair is envisioned. 
     Thus the invention is directed to a method of improving the water-resistance of a sunscreen composition on skin or hair which method comprises 
     applying to said skin or hair the compositions described above. 
     A fourth aspect of the present invention is directed to a method of improved UV protection of mammalian hair and/or skin from the damaging effects of UV radiation wherein said method comprises applying to said skin and/or said hair an effective amount of a sunscreen composition comprising at least one sunscreen agent or the combinations of sunscreen agents described above, at least the select random terpolymer of formula (Ia) and, optionally, other cosmetically acceptable ingredients. 
     A fifth aspect of the present invention is directed to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising a random terpolymer of formula (Ia) and other cosmetically acceptable ingredients. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Definitions 
     Formula (Ia) refers to the select terpolymer described above under “Summary of the Invention”. 
     Formula (I) without the “a” refers to the more generic formula (I) defined below. 
     In describing the UV absorbers and combinations of UV absorbers used with either Formula (I) or the selective Formula (Ia), the inventors have chosen to group the UV absorbers into various categories. 
     These categories are:
         b 1  at least one sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorber,   b 2  Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine,   b 3  at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber,   b 4  at least one inorganic UV absorber,   b 5  at least one water soluble UV absorber.       

     Sparingly soluble in regard to ID, means that the UV absorber is not appreciably soluble in either water or oil. However, b 1  may be dispersible in oil or water and therefore be described as water-dispersible, oil-dispersible or both oil and water-dispersible. 
     Oil soluble organic UV absorber in regard to b 3  means that b 3  has appreciable solubility in oil or organic solvents. 
     Oils for purposes of the invention means an oil or wax or mixtures thereof. These oils or waxes may comprise fatty acids, fatty alcohols and esters of fatty acids. The oils may be selected from among animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils and, in particular, from among liquid paraffin, paraffin oil, silicone oils, volatile or otherwise, isoparaffins, polyolefins, fluorinated or perfluorinated oils. Likewise, the waxes may be animal, fossil, vegetable, mineral or synthetic waxes which are also known per se. 
     Organic solvents for purposes of the invention means solvents which are acceptable for use in cosmetics or personal care products and are well known to those familiar with the art. Exemplary organic solvents include the lower alcohols and polyols. 
     Water soluble in regard to b 5  is understood to mean the UV absorber has appreciable solubility in water. 
     “Monomer” means an ethylenically unsaturated compound before polymerization. 
     “Monomer unit” means the unit formed by the ethylenically unsaturated compound after polymerization. 
     Substantially anhydrous in regard to alcoholic sunscreens for purposes of the invention means no water is present or very low levels of water are present in the alcoholic sunscreen formulation. For example, no more than 0.1 wt. %, or 0.5 wt. % or 1 wt. % of water is present in the alcoholic sunscreen formulation. 
     Generic Formula (I) 
     The present invention provides a sunscreen composition comprising: 
     (A) at least one random terpolymer of formula (I) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (B) at least one UV screening agent;
 
wherein
 
u, v, w, x, y, and z represent the percentage by weight that each repeating unit or derived monomer is contained within the terpolymer;
 
u, v, w, x, y, and z add up to total 100 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer;
 
y is from about 0 to about 40% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
v is from about 5% to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
u is from about 5% to about 80% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
z is from about 0% to about 60% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
x is from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
w is from about 0% to about 50% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
* is a terminal group, for example, a catalyst residue;
 
M, T, D, E, G, and H are covalently bonded to each other;
 
M is derived from at least one monomer of formula (II)
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein T6, T7, and T8 are C1-C4 alkyl or hydrogen; Y is a direct bond, —O—, —S—, —N(H)—or —N(T1)-; T1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; and J is a nitrogen or carbon atom;
 
T, D, and E are independently derived from at least one monomer of formula (III)
 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R5, R6 and R7 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or C1-C22 alkyl;
 
R8 is C1-C30 alkyl, C6-C15 cycloalkyl, or C6-C15 aryl; said substituted alkyl, said cycloalkyl or said aryl may also be substituted by one or more OH and/or NH2 groups; or said alkyl or said cycloalkyl may be interrupted by one or more —O— groups and/or —N(H)— groups;
 
G is derived from at least one monomer comprising a heterocyclic group having at least one basic ring nitrogen atom or to which such a heterocyclic group is attached following polymerization;
 
H is derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of toluene diisocyanate (all isomers), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, dianisidine diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-chloro-2,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bis(2-methylisocyanatophenyl)methane, 4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bis(2-methoxyisocyanatophenyl)methane, 1-nitrophenyl-3,5-diisocyanate, 4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl ether, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl ether, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl methane, 4,4′-diisocyanatodibenzyl, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dichloro-5,5′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 1,2-naphthalene diisocyanate, 4-chloro-1,2-naphthalene diisocyanate, 4-methyl-1,2-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,6-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,7-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,8-naphthalene diisocyanate, 4-chloro-1,8-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,3-naphthalene diisocyanate, 2,7-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,8-dinitro-2,7-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1-methyl-2,4-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1-methyl-5,7-naphthalene diisocyanate, 6-methyl-1,3-naphthalene diisocyanate, 7-methyl-1,3-naphthalene diisocyanate, 1,2-ethane diisocyanate, 1,3-propane diisocyanate, 1,4-butane diisocyanate, 2-chloropropane-1,3-diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, propylene-1,2-diisocyanate, 1,8-octane diisocyanate, 1,10-decane diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 1,16-hexadecane diisocyanate 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, diisocyanates or a mixture thereof dimer acid derived diisocyanate obtained from dimerized linoleic acid, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, lysine methyl ester diisocyanate, bis(2-isocyanatoethyl) fumarate bis(2-isocyanatoethyl) carbonate, m-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, and acrylonitrile;
 
and
 
(c) other cosmetically acceptable ingredients,
 
with the proviso that T, D, and E are different from each other.
 
     Select Formula (Ia) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
 
y, v, u, z and x represent the percentage by weight that each repeating unit or derived monomer is contained within the terpolymer;
 
y, v, u, z and x preferably add up to total 100 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer;
 
y is from about 1 to about 30%, preferably about 5 to about 20 and most preferably about 6 to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
v is from about 5% to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer, preferably about 5 to about 50, most preferably about 8 to about 20% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
u is from about 20% to about 80%, preferably about 30% to about 75% and most preferably about 40 to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
z is from about 1% to about 40%, preferably about 2% to about 15% and most preferably about 3% to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
x is from about 5% to about 25%, preferably about 6% to about 20%, most preferably about 8% to about 15% by weight of the terpolymer;
 
* is a terminal group, for example, a catalyst residue;
 
n is 2 to 20, preferably, 4 to 18 and most preferably 6 to 12;
 
wherein formula (I) is characterized by a weight average molecular weight of from about 5,000 to about 50,000, preferably about 10,000 to about 40,000 and most preferably about 15,000 to about 30,000 Daltons
 
and
 
B) a sunscreen selected from group consisting of
         b 1  at least one sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorber,   b 2  Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine,   b 3  at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber,   b 4  at least one inorganic UV absorber,   b 5  at least one water soluble UV absorber,   and   mixtures thereof.       

     The above select formula (Ia) may include additional monomers. The monomer units making up the terpolymer of formula (Ia) may be formed after initial polymerization. For example, the monomer units “u” may be formed from transesterification of a methyl ester with a polyethylene monoglycol. 
     * represents a catalyst residue for example, but may also be virtually any endcapping group which terminates the polymer chain. These endcapping groups may for example be an —O-alkyl or O—C(O)-alkyl endcapping group. The alkyl for example may be branched or unbranched and range from C 1 -C 20 . 
     UV Absorbers 
     In various embodiments the present invention may require for example at least one, two, three or more UV absorbers. 
     For example component (B) may comprise a single type of UV absorber or any combination of UV absorbers grouped below combined with the generic formula (I) or the more selective formula (Ia):
         b 1  is at least one sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorber,   b 2  Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine,   b 3  at least one oil soluble organic UV absorber,   b 4  at least one inorganic UV absorber,   b 5  at least one water soluble UV absorber,   and   mixtures thereof.
 
UV Absorber b 1  
       

     A preferred class of micronized UV filters (B) according to component (b 1 ) are triazine derivatives of formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     R 1 , R 2  and R 3  independently from each other are a radical of formula   

     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
         
         R 7  and R 11  independently from each other are hydrogen; C 1 -C 15 alkyl; or C 6 -C 12 aryl; 
         R 8 , R 9  and R 10 , independently from each other, are hydrogen; or a radical of formula 
       
    
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
         
          wherein, in formula (1f), at least one of the radicals R 8 , R 9  and R 10  are a radical of formula (1h); 
         R 12 , R 13 , R 14 , R 15  and R 16  independently from each other are hydrogen; hydroxy; halogen; C 1 -C 18 alkyl; C 1 -C 18 alkoxy; C 6 -C 12 aryl; biphenylyl; C 6 -C 12 aryloxy; C 1 -C 18 alkylthio; carboxy; —COOM; C 1 -C 18 -alkylcarboxyl; aminocarbonyl; or mono- or di-C 1 -C 18 alkylamino; C 1 -C 10 acylamino; —COON; 
         M is an alkali metal ion; 
         x is 1 or 2; and 
         y is a number from 2 to 10. 
       
    
     Most preferred triazine derivatives are compounds of formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     R 7 , R 11 , R 12 , R 13  and R 14  are defined as in formula (1f), (1g) or (1h), and most preferably compound of formula (2), wherein   R 7 and  R 11  are hydrogen.   

     Furthermore, triazine derivatives of formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     are preferred, wherein
     R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 15  and R 16  are defined as in formula (1g), and most preferably compounds of formula (3), wherein   R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 15  and R 16  are hydrogen; or, independently from each other, C 1 -C 18 alkyl.   

     Most preferred as component (a) are triazine derivatives of formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     One preferred class of benzotriazole micronized organic UV absorbers is that having the formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     T 1  is C 1 -C 3 alkyl or, preferably, hydrogen; or a radical of formula   

     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
         
          and 
         T 2  and T 3 , independently from each other are C 1 -C 12 alkyl, preferably i-octyl; or C 1 -C 4 alkyl substituted by phenyl, preferably α,α-dimethylbenzyl. 
       
    
     A still further preferred class of benzotriazole micronized organic UV absorbers corresponds to the formula 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     T 2  is hydrogen; C 1 -C 12 alkyl, preferably iso-octyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkyl substituted by phenyl, preferably α,α-dimethylbenzyl.   

     A preferred class of benzophenones is the amino substituted hydroxylphenyl benzophenone derivatives taught in PCT publication No. WO04052837. Such amino substituted hydroxylphenyl benzophenones are 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     R 1  and R 2  independently from each other are; C 1 -C 20 alkyl; C 2 -C 20 alkenyl; C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl; C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl; or R 1  and R 2  together with the linking nitrogen atom form a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring;   n 1  is a number from 1 to 4;
 
when n 1 =1,
   R 3  is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical; hydroxy-C 1 -C 5 alkyl; cyclohexyl optionally substituted with one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl; phenyl optionally substituted with a heterocyclic radical, aminocarbonyl or C 1 -C 5 alkylcarboxy;
 
when n 1  is 2,
 
R 3  is an alkylene-, cycloalkylene, alkenylene or phenylene radical which is optionally substituted by a carbonyl- or carboxy group; a radical of formula .—CH 2 —C≡C—CH 2 —. or R 3  together with A forms a bivalent radical of the formula
   

     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein
     n 2  is a number from 1 to 3;
 
when n 1  is 3,
   R 3  is an alkantriyl radical;
 
when n 1  is 4,
   R 3  is an alkantetrayl radical;   A is —O—; or N(R 5 )—; and   R 5  is hydrogen; C 1 -C 5 alkyl; or hydroxy-C 1 -C 5 alkyl.   

     C 1 -C 20 Alkyl denotes a linear or branched, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl, cyclohexyl, n-decyl, n-dodecyl, n-octadecyl, eicosyl, methoxyethyl, ethoxypropyl, 2-ethylhexyl, hydroxyethyl, chloropropyl, N,N-diethylaminopropyl, cyanoethyl, phenethyl, benzyl, p-tert-butylphenethyl, p-tert-octylphenoxyethyl, 3-(2,4-di-tert-amylphenoxy)-propyl, ethoxycarbonylmethyl-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl or 2-furylethyl. 
     C 2 -C 20 alkenyl is for example allyl, methallyl, isopropenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, isobutenyl, n-penta-2,4-dienyl, 3-methyl-but-2-enyl, n-oct-2-enyl, n-dodec-2-enyl, iso-dodecenyl, n-dodec-2-enyl or n-octadec-4-enyl. 
     C 3 -C 10 cycloalkyl is for example cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, cyclononyl or cyclodecyl and preferably cyclohexyl. These radicals may besubstituted, for example by one or more oder equal or different C 1 -C 4 alkyl radicals, preferably by methyl, and/or hydroxy. If cycloalkyl radicals are substituted by one or more radicals, they are preferably substituted by one, two or four, preferably by one or two equal or radicals. 
     C 3 -C 10 cycloalkenyl is for example cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cycloheptenyl, cycloocentyl, cyclononenyl or cyclodecenyl and preferably cyclohexenyl. These radicals may be substituted with one or more equal or different C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical, preferably with methyl, and/or hydroxy. If cycloalkenyl radicals are substituted with one or more radicals they are preferably substituted with one, two, three or four, preferably with one or two equal or different radicals. 
     Hydroxy substituted C 1 -C 5 alkyl groups are for example hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, hydroxybutyl or hydroxypentyl. 
     An alkylene radical is preferably a C 1 -C 12 alkylene radical, like for example methylene, ethylene, propylene, butylene, hexylene or octylene. 
     The alkylene radicals may optionally be substituted by one or more C 1 -C 5 alkyl radicals. 
     If R 1  and R 2  are heterocyclic radicals, these comprise one, two, three or four equal or different ring hetero atoms. Special preference is given to heterocycles which contain one, two or three, especially one or two, identical or different hetero atoms. The heterocycles may be mono- or poly-cyclic, for example mono-, bi- or tri-cyclic. They are preferably mono- or bi-cyclic, especially monocyclic. The rings preferably contain 5, 6 or 7 ring members. Examples of monocyclic and bicyclic heterocyclic systems from which radicals occurring in the compounds of formula (1) or (2) may be derived are, for example, pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, pyrazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyran, thiopyran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-oxazine, 1,3-oxazine, 1,4-oxazine, indole, benzothiophene, benzofuran, pyrrolidine, piperidine, piperazine, morpholine and thiomorpholine. 
     The preferred list of sparingly soluble micronized organic UV absorbers which may be combined 
     with the terpolymer of formula (I) or select terpolymer (Ia) are defined under the category b1 and are:
     Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl Tetramethylbutylphenol, Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl)bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- and mixtures thereof.   

     Sparingly soluble organic compounds which are used in the present invention are present in the micronized state. They may be prepared by any known process suitable for the preparation of microparticles, for example:
         wet-milling (low-viscosity micronisation process for pumpable dispersions), with a hard grinding medium, for example zirconium silicate balls in a ball mill, and a protective surfactant or a protective polymer in water or in a suitable organic solvent;   wet-kneading (high-viscosity micronisation process for non-pumpable pastes) using a continuous or discontinuous (batch) kneader. For a wet-kneading process, a solvent (water or cosmetically acceptable oils), a grinding aid (surfactant, emulsifier) and a polymeric grinding aid may be used.   spray-drying from a suitable solvent, for example aqueous suspensions or suspensions containing organic solvents, or true solutions in water, ethanol, dichloroethane, toluene or N-methylpyrrolidone etc.   by expansion according to the RESS process (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions) of supercritical fluids (e.g. CO 2 ) in which the UV filter or filters is/are dissolved, or the expansion of liquid carbon dioxide together with a solution of one or more UV filters in a suitable organic solvent;   by reprecipitation from suitable solvents, including supercritical fluids (GASR process=Gas Anti-Solvent Recrystallisation/PCA process=Precipitation with Compressed Anti-solvents).       

     As milling apparatus for the preparation of the sparingly soluble micronised organic compounds there may be used, for example, a jet mill, ball mill, vibratory mill or hammer mill, preferably a high-speed mixing mill. Even more preferable mills are modern ball mills; manufacturers of these types of mill are, for example, Netzsch (LMZ mill), Drais (DCP-Viscoflow or Cosmo), Bühler AG (centrifugal mills) or Bachhofer. 
     Examples of kneading apparatus for the preparation of the micronised organic UV absorbers are typical sigma-blade batch kneaders but also serial batch kneaders (IKA-Werke) or continuous kneaders (Continua from Werner and Pfleiderer). 
     The grinding of the sparingly soluble organic compounds used in the present invention is preferably carried out with a grinding aid. 
     The dispersing agent (b) may be used as a low molecular weight grinding aid for all the above micronisation processes. 
     Useful anionic, non-ionic or amphoteric surfactants are disclosed below in the sections entitled “specific dispersing agents”. 
     Preferred useful grinding aids for an aqueous dispersion are anionic surfactants with a HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) value higher than 8, more preferably higher than 10. 
     Any conventionally usable anionic, non-ionic or amphoteric surfactants (component (b)) can be used as dispersing agents. Such surfactant systems may comprise for example: carboxylic acids and their salts: alkaline soap of sodium, potassium and ammonium, metallic soap of calcium or magnesium, organic basis soap such as Lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic and oleic acid etc. . . . Alkyl phosphates or phosphoric acid esters, acid phosphate, diethanolamine phosphate, potassium cetyl phosphate. Ethoxylated carboxylic acids or polyethyleneglycol esters, PEG-n acylates. Fatty alcohol polyglycolether such as laureth-n, myreth-n, ceteareth-n, steareth-n, oleth-n. Fatty acid polyglycolether such as PEG-n stearate, PEG-n oleate, PEG-n cocoate. Monoglycerides and polyol esters. C12-C22 fatty acid mono- and di-esters of addition products of from 1 to 100 mol of ethylene oxide with polyols. Fatty acid and polyglycerol ester such as monostearate glycerol, diisostearoyl polyglyceryl-3-diisostearates, polyglyceryl-3-diisostearates, triglyceryl diisostearates, polyglyceryl-2-sesquiisostearates or polyglyceryl dimerates. Mixtures of compounds from a plurality of those substance classes are also suitable. Fatty acid polyglycolesters such as monostearate diethylene glycol, fatty acid and polyethylene glycol esters, fatty acid and saccharose esters such as sucro esters, glycerol and saccharose esters such as sucro glycerides. Sorbitol and sorbitan, sorbitan mono- and di-esters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms and ethylene oxide addition products. Polysorbate-n series, sorbitan esters such as sesquiisostearate, sorbitan, PEG-(6)-isostearate sorbitan, PEG-(10)-sorbitan laurate, PEG-17-dioleate sorbitan. Glucose derivatives, C8-C22 alkyl-mono and oligo-glycosides and ethoxylated analogues with glucose being preferred as the sugar component. O/W emulsifiers such as methyl gluceth-20 sesquistearate, sorbitan stearate/sucrose cocoate, methyl glucose sesquistearate, cetearyl alcohol/cetearyl glucoside. W/O emulsifiers such as methyl glucose dioleate/methyl glucose isostearate. Sulfates and sulfonated derivatives, dialkylsulfosuccinates, dioctyl succinate, alkyl lauryl sulfonate, linear sulfonated parafins, sulfonated tetraproplyne sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfates, amonium and ethanolamine lauryl sulfates, lauyl ether sulfates, sodium laureth sulfates [Texapon N70] or sodium myreth sulfates [Texapon K14S], sulfosuccinates, aceyl isothionates, alkanolamide sulfates, taurines, methyl taurines, imidazole sulfates. Zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants that carry at least one quaternary ammonium group and at least one carboxylate and/or sulfonate group in the molecule. Zwitterionic surfactants that are especially suitable are betaines, such as N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, cocoalkyldimethylammonium glycinate, N-acylaminopropyl-N,N-dimethylammonium glycinates, cocoacylaminopropyldimethylammonium glycinate and 2-alkyl-3-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxyethylimidazolines each having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl or acyl group and also cocoacylaminoethylhydroxyethylcarboxymethylglycinate, N-alkylbetaine, N-alkylaminobetaines. 
     Examples of suitable mild surfactants as dispersing agents, that is to say surfactants especially well tolerated by the skin, include fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, mono- and/or di-alkyl sulfosuccinates, fatty acid isethionates, fatty acid sarcosinates, fatty acid taurides, fatty acid glutamates, α-olefin sulfonates, ethercarboxylic acids, alkyl oligoglucosides, fatty acid glucamides, alkylamidobetaines and/or protein fatty acid condensation products, the latter preferably being based on wheat proteins. 
     Non ionic surfactants such as PEG-6 beeswax (and) PEG-6 stearate (and) polyglyceryl-2-isostearate [Apifac], glyceryl stearate (and) PEG-100 stearate. [Arlacel 165], PEG-5 glyceryl stearate [arlatone 983 S], sorbitan oleate (and) polyglyceryl-3 ricinoleate. [Arlacel 1689], sorbitan stearate and sucrose cocoate [arlatone 2121], glyceryl stearate and laureth-23 [Cerasynth 945], cetearyl alcohol and ceteth-20 [Cetomacrogol Wax], cetearyl alcohol and colysorbate 60 and PEG-150 and stearate-20 [Polawax GP 200, Polawax NF], cetearyl alcohol and cetearyl polyglucoside [Emulgade PL 1618], cetearyl alcohol and ceteareth-20 [Emulgade 1000NI, Cosmowax], cetearyl alcohol and PEG-40 castor oil [Emulgade F Special], cetearyl alcohol and PEG-40 castor oil and sodium cetearyl sulfate [Emulgade F], stearyl alcohol and steareth-7 and steareth-10 [Emulgator E 2155], cetearyl alcohol and szeareth-7 and steareth-10 [Emulsifying wax U.S.N.F], glyceryl stearate and PEG-75 stearate [Gelot 64], propylene glycol ceteth-3 acetate [Hetester PCS], propylene glycol isoceth-3 acetate [Hetester PHA], cetearyl alcohol and ceteth-12 and oleth-12 [Lanbritol Wax N 21], PEG-6 stearate and PEG-32 stearate [Tefose 1500], PEG-6 stearate and ceteth-20 and steareth-20 [Tefose 2000], PEG-6 stearate and ceteth-20 and glyceryl stearate and steareth-20 [Tefose 2561], glyceryl stearate and ceteareth-20 [Teginacid H, C, X]. 
     Anionic emulsifiers such as PEG-2 stearate SE, glyceryl stearate SE [Monelgine, Cutina KD], propylene glycol stearate [Tegin P], cetearyl Alcohol and Sodium cetearyl sulfate [Lanette N, Cutina LE, Crodacol GP], cetearyl alcohol and sodium lauryl sulfate [Lanette W], trilaneth-4 phopshate and glycol stearate and PEG-2 stearate [Sedefos 75], glyceryl stearate and sodium lauryl Sulfate [Teginacid Special]. Cationic acid bases such as cetearyl alcohol and cetrimonium bromide. 
     The specific dispersing agents may be used in an amount of, for example, from 1 to 30% by weight, especially from 2 to 20% by weight and preferably from 3 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition. 
     Useful solvents are water, brine, (poly-)ethylene glycol, glycerol or cosmetically acceptable oils. Other useful solvents are disclosed below in the sections entitled “Esters of fatty acids”, “Natural and synthetic triglycerides, including glyceryl esters and derivatives”, “Pearlescent waxes”, “Hydrocarbon oils” and “Silicones or siloxanes”. 
     The micronised sparingly soluble organic compounds so obtained usually have an average particle size from 0.02 to 2 micrometres, preferably from 0.03 to 1.5 micrometres and more especially from 0.05 to 1.0 micrometres. 
     Most preferred dispersing agents (b) are sodium alkyl sulfates or sodium alkyl ether sulfates, such as sodium laureth sulfate [Texapon N70 from Cognis] or sodium myreth sulfate [Texapon K14 S from Cognis]. 
     The aqueous dispersion used in the present invention generally comprises 
     30-60, preferably 35 to 55 parts of the sparingly soluble organic micronized substance;
 
2-20, preferably 2 to 20 parts of the dispersing agent;
 
0.1-1 part, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts of a thickening agent (for example xanthan gum); and
 
20-68 parts of water;
 
     The sunscreen composition according to the invention, that is ID, is for example obtained by grinding an insoluble organic UV absorber in the presence of an aid which aid is selected from the group consisting of decyl gluocoside, polyglyceryl-10 laurate, sodium myreth sulfate and sodium stearoyl glutamate. 
     Any known process suitable for the preparation of microparticles can be used for the preparation of the micronised UV absorbers, for example wet-milling, wet-kneading, spray-drying from a suitable solvent, by the expansion according to the RESS process (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solutions), by reprecipitation from suitable solvents, including supercritical fluids (GASR process=Gas Anti-Solvent Recrystallization/PCA process=Precipitation with Compressed Anti-solvents). 
     The micronized UV absorbers of component (B) or more specifically b 1  so obtained usually have an average particle size from 0.02 to 2, preferably from 0.03 to 1.5, and more especially from 0.05 to 1.0 micrometer. 
     The micronizable UV absorbers according to component (B) or more specifically ID, can also be used as dry substrates in powder form. 
     These non-micronized UV absorbers may be oil soluble such as the b 3  group defined above. 
     These non-micronized UV absorbers may be water soluble such as the b 5  group defined above. 
     UV Absorber b 2    
     The UV absorber b 2  group is presently defined as Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl Triazine. 
     Bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol is oil soluble. 
     UV Absorber b 3    
     These organic UV absorber are substantially oil soluble. They are not micronized nor are they inorganic. 
     The b 3  oil soluble organic UV absorbers is selected from the group of UV absorbers consisting of Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMBM), Oxybenzone, Sulisobenzone, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine (BEMT) Diethylhexyl Butamido Triazone (DBT), Drometrizole Trisiloxane, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate (EHMC), Ethylhexyl Salicylate (EHS), Ethylhexyl Triazone (EHT), Homosalate, Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate, 4-Methylbenzylidene Camphor, Octocrylene (OCR), Polysilicone-15, Diethylamino Hydroxy Benzoyl Hexyl Benzoate (DHHB) and mixtures thereof; 
     UV Absorber b 4    
     Representative inorganic sunscreens of component (B) or more specifically b 4  include pigments, or alternatively nanopigments (mean size of the primary particles: generally between 5 nm and 100 nm, preferably between 10 nm and 50 nm) formed from coated or uncoated metal oxides, such as, for example, titanium oxide (amorphous or crystalline in the rutile and/or anatase form), iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide or cerium oxide nanopigments, which are all known in the art as UV sunscreens. Conventional coating agents are, furthermore, alumina and/or aluminium stearate. Such nanopigments formed from coated or uncoated metal oxides are disclosed in particular in EP 518 772 and EP 518 773. 
     UV Absorber b 5    
     Representative water-soluble organic UV absorbers are selected from the group consisting of 
     Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid (PBSA), Sulisobenzone-sodium salt, Benzydilene Camphor Sulfonic Acid, Camphor Benzalkonium Methosulfate, Cinoxate, Disodium Phenyl Dibenzylmidazole Tetrasulfonate, Terephthalylidene Dicamphor Sulfonic Acid, PABA, PEG-25 PABA and mixtures thereof. 
     The UV screening agent of component (B) or more specifically the total weight of b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5  in combination with formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 0.01 weight % to about 50 weight % based on the weight of the total sunscreen composition. Additionally, the UV screening agent of component (B) or more specifically the total weight of b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5  in combination with formula (1) or selective formula (Ia) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 0.1 weight % to about 30 weight % based on the weight of the total sunscreen composition. Typically, UV screening agent of component (B) or more specifically b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5  in combination with formula (1) or selective formula (Ia) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 1 weight % to about 20 weight % based on the weight of the total composition. Typically, UV screening agent of component (B) or more specifically b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5  in combination with formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 1 weight % to about 5 weight % based on the weight of the total composition. 
     To clarify the total weight % of component B) or the sum of b1, b2, b3, b4 and b5 may be as much as about 0.01 to about 50 wt. %, about 0.1 to about 30 wt. %, about 1 to about 25 wt. % of the total sunscreen composition. 
     Typically, sunscreen formulations contain compositions of several UVA, UVB or broad-spectrum sunscreen actives: organic that are oil or water soluble, inorganic or organic particulates. 
     The term “effective amount” means for example the amount necessary to achieve the desired effect. 
     For the random copolymers of component A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia), u+v+w+x+y+z=100 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     The random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) according to the instant invention are derived from at least three different monomers. Another aspect of the instant invention is the random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) are derived from at least four different monomers. 
     The random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) can be used in conjunction with other polymers or copolymer in a sunscreen formulation; for example, the polymers listed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,409,998 and/or in US 2006/0104923. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that y is from about 0.1% to about 35% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that y is from about 1% to about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that y is from about 5% to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     “y” for selective formula (Ia) is from about 1 to about 30%, preferably about 5 to about 20 and most preferably about 6 to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that v is from about 5% to about 70% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that v is from about 5% to about 60% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that v is from about 10% to about 60% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     “v” for the selective formula (Ia) is from about 5% to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer, preferably about 5 to about 50, most preferably about 8 to about 20% by weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that u is from about 5% to about 75% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that u is from about 5% to about 65% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that u is from about 5% to about 60% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     “u” for the selective formula (Ia) is from about 20% to about 80%, preferably about 30% to about 75% and most preferably about 40 to about 75% by weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that z is from about 0.1% to about 50% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that z is from about 1% to about 50% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that z is from about 1% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     “z” for the selective formula (Ia) is from about 1% to about 40%, preferably about 2% to about 15% and most preferably about 3% to about 10% by weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that x is from about 1% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that x is from about 1% to about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that x is from about 5% to about 25% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     “x” for the selective formula (Ia) is from about 5% to about 25%, preferably about 6% to about 20%, most preferably about 8% to about 15% by weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that w is from about 0.1% to about 45% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that w is from about 1% to about 40% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that w is from about 5% to about 30% by weight based on the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that M is derived from at least one monomer of formula (II) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein T6, T7, and T8 are methyl, ethyl or hydrogen; Y is a direct bond; T1 is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl; and J is a carbon atom. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that M is derived from at least one monomer of formula (II) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein T6, T7, and T8 are methyl or hydrogen; Y is a direct bond; T1 is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl; and J is a carbon atom. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that M is derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, alpha-methylstyrene, 2-vinyltoluene, 3-vinyltoluene, 4-vinyltoluene, ethylvinylbenzene and mixtures thereof. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is T, D, and E are independently derived from at least one monomer of formula (III) 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein R5, R6 and R7 may be the same or different and represent hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl; 
     R8 is C1-C18 alkyl, or C6-C15 cycloalkyl; said substituted alkyl, or said cycloalkyl may also be substituted by one or more —OH and/or NH2 groups; said alkyl or said cycloalkyl may be interrupted by one or more —O— groups and/or —N(H)— groups. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is T, D, and E are independently derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, dimethyl aminoethyl (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, behenyl (meth)acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, glycidyl (meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono(meth)acrylate, EO-PO-mono(meth)acrylate and mixtures thereof. The parentheses indicate that the monomers of formula (III) are esters based on either methacrylic acid or acrylic acid. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention is random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) that consist of a polymer chain having attached thereto a monomer derived from G containing heterocyclic groups with basic nitrogen atoms. Such a chain can be obtained either by polymerizing-in compounds containing both a vinyl and such a heterocyclic group, or by later attaching a heterocyclic group to the polymer chain containing corresponding reactive groups. 
     Preferred are heterocyclic groups with basic nitrogen groups having a pKa value of 2 to 14, more in particular 5 to 14 and most preferably 5 to 12. These pKa values relate to the measurement thereof at 25C in a 0.01 molar concentration in water. These basic groups impart to the random terpolymers according to the invention a basicity. These basic groups allow the random terpolymers to form organic and/or inorganic salts too. The random terpolymers can therefore be used in the form of such salts. 
     These salts are obtained by neutralization of the polymer with organic acids, e.g., aromatic acids having not more than 25 carbon atoms or aliphatic and cycloaliphatic acids having not more than 22 carbon atoms. Preference is given to salts of the polymer with organic monocarboxylic acids. Inorganic acids are, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid, and the like. 
     Suitable compounds of component b formula (I) G to be polymerized-in are selected from the group consisting of vinylimidazole, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-N-vinylimidazole, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcarbazole and mixtures thereof. 
     Suitable compounds containing at least one basic nitrogen atom and capable of being attached to a polymer chain of formula (I) G are described in, among others, EP-A 154,678. 
     Suitable compounds containing at least one basic nitrogen atom and capable of being attached to a polymer chain of formula (I) G are selected from the group consisting of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-pyrrolidine, 2-(1-pyrrolidyl)-ethylamine, 2-(1-piperidyl)-ethylamine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperidine, 1-(2-aminopropyl)-piperidine, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-hexamethylenimine, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-morpholine, 2-(4-morpholinyl)-ethylamine, 4-(3-aminopropyl)-morpholine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-alkylimidazoline, 1-(3-aminopropyl)-imidazole, (2-aminoethyl)-pyridine, (2-hydroxyethyl)-pyridine, (3-hydroxypropyl)-pyridine, (hydroxymethyl)-pyridine, N-methyl-2-hydroxy-methyl-piperidine, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-imidazole, 2-amino-6-methoxybenzothiazole, 4-aminomethyl-pyridine, 4-amino-2-methoxypyrimidine, 2-mercaptopyrimidine, 2-mercapto-benzimidazole, 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, 2-isopropyl-imidazole, 2-ethyl-imidazole, 4-methyl-imidazole, 2-methyl-imidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methyl-imidazole, 2-phenyl-imidazole, 4-nitro-imidazole and mixtures thereof. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) H is derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of toluene diisocyanate (all isomers), 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, dianisidine diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-chloro-2,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bis(2-methoxyisocyanatophenyl)methane, 4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl ether, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl ether, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl methane, 4,4′-diisocyanatodibenzyl, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dichloro-5,5′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 1,2-ethane diisocyanate, 1,3-propane diisocyanate, 1,4-butane diisocyanate, 2-chloropropane-1,3-diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, propylene-1,2-diisocyanate, 1,8-octane diisocyanate, 1,10-decane diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 1,16-hexadecane diisocyanate 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, diisocyanates or a mixture thereof dimer acid derived diisocyanate obtained from dimerized linoleic acid, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, lysine methyl ester diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate and mixtures thereof. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention for component A) formula (I) is that H is derived from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of toluene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, tolidine diisocyanate, m-xylylene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, m-phenylene diisocyanate, 1-chloro-2,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bisphenylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bis(2-methoxyisocyanatophenyl)methane, 4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-diisocyanatodibenzyl, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 2,2′-dichloro-5,5′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 3,3′-dichloro-4,4′-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 1,3-propane diisocyanate, 1,4-butane diisocyanate, 2-chloropropane-1,3-diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, propylene-1,2-diisocyanate, 1,8-octane diisocyanate, 1,10-decane diisocyanate, 1,12-dodecane diisocyanate, 1,16-hexadecane diisocyanate 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl diisocyanate, lysine methyl ester diisocyanate, m-tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate and mixtures thereof. 
     The random terpolymers of formula (I) according to the instant invention may be crosslinked by multifunctional monomers. These multifunctional monomers are selected from the group consisting of divinyl benzene, trivinylbenzene, divinyltoluene, divinylpyridine, divinylnaphthalene divinylxylene, ethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, diethyleneglycol divinyl ether, trivinylcyclohexane, allyl (meth)acrylate, diethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, propyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate, 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-di(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, tripropylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylates, polyethylene glycol 200 di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol 600 di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A di(meth)acrylate, poly(butanediol) di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane triethoxy tri(meth)acrylate, glyceryl propoxy tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol monohydroxypenta(meth)acrylate, divinyl silane, trivinyl silane, dimethyl divinyl silane, divinyl methyl silane, methyl trivinyl silane, diphenyl divinyl silane, divinyl phenyl silane, trivinyl phenyl silane, divinyl methyl phenyl silane, tetravinyl silane, dimethyl vinyl disiloxane, poly(methyl vinyl siloxane), poly(vinyl hydro siloxane), poly(phenyl vinyl siloxane), and mixtures thereof. 
     The weight-average molecular weight of the random terpolymer of component (A) formula (I) exhibits a weight-average molecular weight of about 500 Daltons to about 1,000,000 Daltons. In another aspect of the instant invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the random terpolymer of component (b) formula (I) exhibits a weight-average molecular weight of about 500 Daltons to about 500,000 Daltons. In yet another aspect of the instant invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the random terpolymer of component (b) formula (I) exhibits a weight-average molecular weight of about 500 Daltons to about 100,000 Daltons. In still another aspect of the instant invention, the weight-average molecular weight of the random terpolymer of component (b) formula (I) exhibits a weight-average molecular weight of about 1000 Daltons to about 75,000 Daltons. 
     The weight-average molecular weight of the selective terpolymer of formula (Ia) ranges for example from about 5,000 to about 50,000, preferably about 10,000 to about 40,000 and most preferably about 15,000 to about 30,000 Daltons. 
     The random terpolymer of component (A) formula (I) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 0.01 weight % to about 50 weight % based on the weight of the total composition. In another aspect of the instant invention, the random terpolymer of component (b) formula (I) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 0.1 weight % to about 25 weight % based on the weight of the total composition. In still another aspect of the instant invention, the random terpolymer of component (b) formula (I) is present in the sunscreen composition in amounts from about 0.1 weight % to about 10 weight % based on the weight of the total composition. 
     The selective formula (Ia) may be present for example in an amount from about 0.01 weight percent to about 10 weight percent based on the weight of the total composition, more preferably in an amount from about 0.1 weight percent to about 8 weight percent based on the weight of the total composition, and most preferably in an amount from about 0.1 weight percent to about 5 weight percent based on the weight of the total composition. 
     Another embodiment of the instant invention are random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) that contain less than 250 ppm of residual monomers. Another embodiment of the instant invention are random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) that contain less than 200 ppm of residual monomers. Another embodiment of the instant invention are random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) that contain less than 100 ppm of residual monomers. Another embodiment of the instant invention are random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) that contain less than 50 ppm of residual monomers. Another embodiment of the instant invention are random terpolymers of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) that contain less than 5 ppm of residual monomers. 
     The random terpolymers of formula (I) or the selective formula (Ia) according to the instant invention are water-dispersible and can be distributed throughout the aqueous phase or the oil phase of the instant compositions or formulations. 
     The random terpolymers of component (b) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) can be prepared in the conventional manner, e.g., by mass or solution polymerization. The polymerization in a solvent is preferred in view of the controllability of the polymerization and the viscosity of the final product. Suitable solvents are DMSO, THF, DMF, ethyl, propyl, butyl, acetate, benzene, toluene, xylene, N-butanol, isobutanol, isopropanol, MEK, MIRK, acetone, etc. 
     The monomers are preferably polymerized using a radical reaction, by addition of peroxides, optionally in the presence of redox systems. 
     The polymerization time of the random terpolymer of component (A) formula (I) or selective formula (Ia) depends on the temperature and the desired final product properties but is preferably within the range of from 0.5 to 10 hours at temperatures ranging from about 50C to about 190C. The polymerization can be carried out continuously, discontinuously or semicontinuously. If it is preferred to obtain a polymer chain having random distribution of monomers, all of the monomers together will be preferably added to the reaction mixture. This may be done in one portion or in the course of time. 
     On the basis of the reactivity of the monomers, which is known, a skilled artisan can control the polymerization so as to obtain the desired distribution. 
     The sunscreen compositions according to the invention both formula I and Ia may also contain agents for tanning and/or for artificial tanning of the skin (self-tanning agents), such as, for example, dihydroxyacetone (DHA). 
     The sunscreen compositions according to the invention may also contain agents for lightening or brightening of the skin, such as, for example, kojic acid, or arbutin. 
     The compositions of the invention may further comprise, cosmetically acceptable ingredients and adjuvants selected, in particular, from among fatty substances, organic solvents, thickeners, demulcents, opacifiers, colorants, effect pigments, stabilizers, emollients, antifoaming agents, moisturizing agents, antioxidants, vitamins, peptides, amino acids, botanical extracts, particulates, perfumes, preservatives, polymers, fillers, sequestrants, propellants, alkalinizing or acidifying agents or any other ingredient customarily formulated into cosmetics, in particular for the production of anti-sun/sunscreen compositions. 
     For example, sunscreen compositions comprising the component A) which may be formula (I) or select formula (Ia) and the various UV absorbers may further contain components selected from the group consisting of emollients, skin moisturisers, skin tanning accelerators, antioxidants, emulsion stabilisers, thickening agents, moisture retention agents, film formers, preservatives, perfumes, photostabilisers and colourants. 
     Especially preferred photostabilisers for example, may be selected from the group consisting of: Tris(Tetramethylhydroxypiperidinol) Citrate, Benzotriazolyl Dodecyl p-Cresol, Butyloctyl Salicylate, Diethylhexyl 2,6-Naphthalate and Polyester-8, Diethylhexyl Syringylidenemalonate. 
     The fatty substances may be an oil or a wax or mixtures thereof, and they also comprise fatty acids, fatty alcohols and esters of fatty acids. The oils may be selected from among animal, vegetable, mineral or synthetic oils and, in particular, from among liquid paraffin, paraffin oil, silicone oils, volatile or otherwise, isoparaffins, polyolefins, fluorinated or perfluorinated oils. Likewise, the waxes may be animal, fossil, vegetable, mineral or synthetic waxes which are also known per se. 
     Exemplary organic solvents include the lower alcohols and polyols. 
     Of course, one skilled in this art will take care to select this or these optional additional compounds and/or their quantities such that the advantageous properties, in particular the resistance to water, the stability, which are intrinsically associated with the sunscreen compositions in accordance with the invention are not, or not substantially, altered by the addition(s) envisaged. 
     The sunscreen compositions of the invention may be formulated according to techniques well known to this art, in particular those suited for the preparation of emulsions of the oil-in-water or water-in-oil type. 
     The subject sunscreen compositions may be provided, in particular, in the form of a simple or complex (O/W, W/O, O/W/O or W/O/W) emulsion such as a cream, a milk, a gel or a gel cream, of a powder, a lotion, an ointment, a solid stick and may optionally be packaged as an aerosol and provided in the form of a foam, mousse or spray. 
     The sunscreen composition may be formulated as an Oil-in-Water (O/W), Water-in-Oil (W/O), Oil-in-Water-Oil (O/W/O), Water-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W), PIT emulsions or micro-emulsions containing the formula (I) or the selective formula (Ia) along with the UV absorber or disclosed combinations of absorbers, b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5 . 
     The sunscreen composition may be formulated as gels, lotions, milks, sprays, alcoholic or aqueous/alcoholic lotions, aerosol, wax/fat compositions, stick preparations, powders, tablets, foams or ointments containing the formula (I) or the selective formula (Ia) along with the UV absorber or disclosed combinations of absorbers b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5 . 
     The sunscreen compositions may be for example a rinse-off or leave-on sunscreen composition containing the formula (I) or the selective formula (Ia) along with the UV absorber or disclosed combinations of absorbers b 1 , b 2 , b 3 , b 4  or b 5 . 
     When an emulsion is provided, the aqueous phase thereof may comprise a nonionic vesicular dispersion prepared according to known techniques (Bangham, Standish and Watkins, J. Mol. Biol., 13, 238 (1965), FR-2,315,991 and FR-2,416,008). 
     The sunscreen compositions according to the invention may be formulated for protecting the human epidermis or the hair against the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation, as an anti-sun composition or as a makeup product. 
     When the sunscreen compositions according to the invention are formulated for protecting the human epidermis against UV rays, or as anti-sun/sunscreen compositions, same may be provided in the form of a suspension or a dispersion in solvents or fatty substances, in the form of a nonionic vesicular dispersion or, alternatively, in the form of an emulsion, preferably of the oil-in-water type, such as a cream or a milk, in the form of an ointment, a gel, a gel cream, a solid stick, a powder, a stick, an aerosol foam or a spray. 
     When the sunscreen compositions according to the invention are formulated for protecting the hair against UV rays, same may be provided in the form of a shampoo, a body wash, a lotion, a gel, an alcohol-based system, an emulsion, a nonionic vesicular dispersion and may constitute, for example, a rinse-off composition to be applied before or after shampooing, before or after dyeing or bleaching, before, during or after permanent-waving or hair straightening, a hair-styling or treatment lotion or gel, a lotion or gel for blow drying or hair setting, a composition for permanent waving or straightening, dyeing or bleaching the hair. 
     When the subject compositions are formulated as makeup products for the eyelashes, the eyebrows or the skin, such as a treatment cream for the epidermis, foundation, lipstick, eyeshadow, blusher, mascara or eyeliner, same may be provided in a solid or pasty, anhydrous or aqueous form, such as oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions, nonionic vesicular dispersions or alternatively suspensions. 
     For example, for the anti-sun formulations in accordance with the invention which have a carrier, vehicle or diluent of the oil-in-water emulsion type, the aqueous phase (comprising in particular the hydrophilic screening agents), generally constitutes from 50% to 95% by weight, preferably from 70% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the formulation, the oily phase (comprising in particular the lipophilic screening agents), from 5% to 50% by weight, preferably from 10% to 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the formulation, and the (co)emulsifier(s) from 0.5% to 20% by weight, preferably from 2% to 10% by weight, also relative to the total weight of the formulation. 
     As indicated above, the present invention thus features formulating the subject emulsions for the production of cosmetic compositions for protecting the skin and/or the hair against ultraviolet radiation, in particular solar radiation. 
     The sunscreen composition of the instant invention may further comprise a fragrance. The term “perfume” or “fragrance” as used herein refers to odoriferous materials which are able to provide a pleasing fragrance to fabrics, and encompasses conventional materials commonly used in cosmetic compositions to counteract a malodor in such compositions and/or provide a pleasing fragrance thereto. The perfumes are preferably in the liquid state at ambient temperature, although solid perfumes are also useful, particularly cyclodextrin/perfume inclusion complexes for controlled release. Included among the perfumes contemplated for use herein are materials such as aldehydes, ketones, esters and the like which are conventionally employed to impart a pleasing fragrance to liquid and solid personal care or cosmetic compositions. Naturally occurring plant and animal oils are also commonly used as components of perfumes. Accordingly, the perfumes useful for the present invention may have relatively simple compositions or may comprise complex mixtures of natural and synthetic chemical components, all of which are intended to provide a pleasant odor or fragrance when applied to fabrics. The perfumes used in personal care or cosmetic compositions are generally selected to meet the normal requirements of odor, stability, price and commercial availability. The term “fragrance” is often used herein to signify a perfume itself, rather than the aroma imparted by such perfume. 
     The present invention is directed to a method of increasing the sun protection factor of a sunscreen composition wherein said method comprises incorporating into said composition an effective amount of at least one random terpolymer according to formula (I) defined above or the selective terpolymer of formula (Ia) as defined above. 
     The present invention is directed to a method of improved UV protection of mammalian hair and/or skin from the damaging effects of UV radiation wherein said method comprises applying to said skin and/or said hair an effective amount of a sunscreen composition comprising 
     (A) at least one random terpolymer of formula (I) or the random terpolymer of selective formula (Ia);
 
(B) at least one UV screening agent;
 
     and 
     (C) optionally, other cosmetically acceptable ingredients, 
     The present invention is directed to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising a random terpolymer of formula (I) or the selective random terpolymer of formula (Ia) 
     and
 
(C) other cosmetically acceptable ingredients.
 
     The following examples describe certain embodiments of this invention, but the invention is not limited thereto. It should be understood that numerous changes to the disclosed embodiments could be made in accordance with the disclosure herein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. These examples are therefore not meant to limit the scope of the invention. Rather, the scope of the invention is to be determined only by the appended claims and their equivalents. In these examples all parts given are by weight unless otherwise indicated. 
     Some of the solvents used for the synthesis of the instant copolymers may not be suitable for human physiological conditions. Once the synthesis is completed, the solvents can be removed and/or replaced with solvents that are more cosmetically acceptable. 
     Example 1 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In a reaction flask with reflux condenser suitable for polymerization are dissolved in 9.86 g xylene and 4.93 g methoxypropyl acetate 2.84 g vinyl toluene, 4.55 g isobutyl methacrylate, 7.36 g 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 5.20 g 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 1.80 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate having a molecular weight of approximately 400 and 0.44 g ditertiary butyl peroxide. Polymerization is effected at the boiling point of the mixture while stirring and introducing an inert gas. At the end of the polymerization, 9.79 g isophorone diisocyanate are dissolved in 16.58 g isobutyl acetate and 16.58 g methoxypropyl acetate, and the remaining free NCO groups are then converted with 3.60 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate having a molecular weight of approximately 400 and 4.51 g 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole. 
     The solid content is then adjusted to 40% by weight with butylacetate. 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 7.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is a mixture of isobutyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and v is 30.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 13.6 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and z is 13.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component G is 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole and x is 11.4 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component H is isophorone diisocyanate and w is 24.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 2 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner comparable with Example 1, 3.54 g vinyl toluene, 5.69 g isobornyl methacrylate, 9.20 g 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, 7.15 g hydroxy ethyl methacrylate, and 1.28 g ditertiary butylperoxide dissolved in 11.94 g xylene and 5.97 g methoxypropyl acetate are polymerized. 
     Subsequently, 12.23 g isophorone diisocyanate dissolved in 20.36 g butylacetate and 20.36 g methoxypropyl acetate are added. The remaining free NCO groups are then converted with 4.50 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate having a molecular weight of approximate 400 and 3.78 g 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in 11.34 g N-methylpyrrolidone. 
     The solid content is then adjusted to 40% by weight with butylacetate. 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 7.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is a mixture of isobornyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and v is 32.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 9.8 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is 2-ethylhexylmethacrylate and z is 15.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component G is 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and x is 8.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component H is isophorone diisocyanate and w is 26.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 3 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner described in Example 1, 6.66 g isobornyl methacrylate, 5.46 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 6.40 g n-butylacrylate, and 7.85 g 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate are polymerized with 1.28 g ditertiary butyl peroxide dissolved in 11.98 g xylene and 5.99 g methoxypropyl acetate. To this polymer containing hydroxyl groups, 12.23 g isophorone diisocyanate dissolved in 20.4 g butylacetate and 20.40 g methoxypropyl acetate are added. The free NCO groups are then converted with 4.50 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and 5.54 g 2-(2-pyridyl)-ethanol. 
     The solid content is then adjusted to 40% by weight with xylene. 
     According to formula (I), component T is a mixture of isobornyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate and v is 24.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 9.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is a mixture of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and butylacrylate and z is 29.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component G is 2-(2-pyridyl)-ethanol and x is 11.4 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component H is isophorone diisocyanate and w is 25.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 4 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner described in Example 1, the polymerization of 3.78 g vinyl toluene, 5.69 g isobutyl methacrylate, 7.38 g 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate, 7.97 g stearyl methacrylate, 4.55 g glycidyl methacrylate and 0.59 g ditertiary butylperoxide is effected in 14.98 g xylene and 4.99 g methoxypropyl acetate. 
     At the end of the polymerization, 24.97 g butylacetate and 4.01 g 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole are added to the polymer. 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 11.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is a mixture of isobutyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and v is 39.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is stearyl methacrylate and u is 23.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is glycidyl methacrylate and z is 13.6 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is 1-(3-aminopropyl)imidazole and x is 12.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 5 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner described in Example 1, the polymerization of 6.66 g isobornyl methacrylate, 5.46 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 9.96 g stearyl methacrylate, 9.22 g 2-ethyl hexyl methacrylate, 5.69 g glycidyl methacrylate and 0.74 g ditertiary butylperoxide is effected in 18.86 g xylene and 6.29 g methoxypropyl acetate. 
     At the end of the polymerization, 18.94 g butyl acetate and 4.05 g 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole dissolved in 16.20 g N-methylpyrrolidone are added to the polymer. 
     According to formula (I), component T is a mixture of isobornyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate and v is 29.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is a mixture of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate and u is 46.8 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is glycidyl methacrylate and z is 13.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole and x is 9.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 6 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner described in Example 1, the polymerization of 12.0 g methyl methacrylate, 32.76 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 35.84 g butylacrylate, 18.82 g vinyl imidazole and 2.0 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate is effected in 50.71 g xylene and 16.91 g n-butanol. 
     The solid content is adjusted to 40% by weight with butyl acetate. 
     According to formula (I), component T is methyl methacrylate and v is 12.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is cyclohexyl methacrylate and u is 33.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is butyl acrylate and z is 36.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 18.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 7 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In 15.67 g secondary butanol and 47.0 g butyl acetate are polymerized, in the manner described in Example 1: 29.97 g isobornyl methacrylate, 9.36 g styrene, 38.71 g 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, 14.12 g vinyl imidazole, 0.62 g tertiary butyl-per-2-ethyl hexoate and 1.23 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate. 
     At the end of the polymerization, the solid content is adjusted to 50% by weight with butyl acetate. 
     According to formula (I), component M is styrene and y is 10.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is isobornyl methacrylate and v is 32.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and u is 42.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 15.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 8 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In 45.08 g xylene and 22.54 g n-butanol, 12.00 g methyl methacrylate, 32.76 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 35.84 g butyl acrylate, 18.82 g vinyl imidazole and 2.0 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate are polymerized in the manner described in Example 1. 
     At the end of the polymerization, the solid content is adjusted to 50% by weight by adding 33.80 g xylene. 
     According to formula (I), component T is methyl methacrylate and v is 12.1 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is cyclohexyl methacrylate and u is 33.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is butyl methacrylate and z is 36.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 18.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 9 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In 47.00 g toluene and 15.67 g n-butanol, 29.97 g isobornyl methacrylate, 9.36 g styrene, 38.71 g 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, 14.12 g vinyl imidazole and 11.85 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate are polymerized in the manner described in Example 1. 
     At the end of the polymerization, a polymer solution is obtained having a solid content of 60% by weight. 
     According to formula (I), component M is styrene and y is 10.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is isobornyl methacrylate and v is 32.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and u is 42.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 15.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 10 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In 43.75 g xylene and 14.59 g n-butanol, 23.31 g isobornyl methacrylate, 31.35 g butyl acrylate, 10.92 g styrene, 3.71 g acrylonitrile, 16.47 g vinyl imidazole and 1.72 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate are polymerized. 
     At the end of the polymerization, the solid content of the polymer solution is adjusted to 50% by weight by adding xylene. 
     According to formula (I), component M is styrene and y is 12.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is isobornyl methacrylate and v is 27.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is butylacrylate and u is 36.6 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 19.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and H is acrylonitrile and w is 4.3 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 11 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In the manner described in Example 1, 19.98 g isobornyl methacrylate, 10.62 g vinyl toluene, 30.42 g 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 6.75 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, 16.38 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 15.53 g vinyl imidazole, 0.67 g tertiary butyl peroctoate and 1.34 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate are polymerized in 50.85 g butyl acetate and 16.95 g secondary butanol. 
     At the end of the polymerization, the solid content of the polymer solution is adjusted to 50% by weight with butyl acetate. 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 10.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is a mixture of isobornyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and v is 50.5 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 6.8 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is cyclohexyl methacrylate and z is 16.4 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 15.6 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 12 
     Random Terpolymer 
     In 98.67 g butyl acetate and 19.74 g n-butanol, the following substances are polymerized, in the manner described in Example 1: 19.98 g isobornyl methacrylate, 10.92 g cyclohexyl methacrylate, 10.62 g vinyl toluene, 15.0 g methyl methacrylate, 6.75 g polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate, 14.12 g vinyl imidazole and 1.56 g tertiary butyl perbenzoate. 
     At the end of the polymerization, the solid content of the solution is adjusted to 40% by weight by adding butyl acetate. 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 13.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is a mixture of isobornyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl methacrylate and v is 39.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 8.7 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is methyl methacrylate and z is 19.4 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 18.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     Example 13 
     Random Terpolymer 
     The following substances are polymerized randomly, similar to the manner described in Example 11 except sec-butanol is used as the solvent: 9.0 g vinyltoluene, 6.6 g 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 13.2 g vinyl imidazole, 14.1 g 2-ethylhexylacrylate, and 66.9 g monomethoxypolyethylene glycol monomethacrylate. After completion of the polymerization reaction, all solvents and volatiles are removed by vacuum distillation. A polymeric melt is obtained with a molecular weight of about 15,000-20,000 Dalton as determined by Gel Permeation Chromotography (GPC). 
     According to formula (I), component M is vinyl toluene and y is 8.2 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component T is 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and v is 12.8 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component D is polyethylene glycol monomethacrylate and u is 60.9 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; component E is 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and z is 6.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer; and component G is vinyl imidazole and x is 12.0 weight percent relative to the total weight of the terpolymer. 
     A 50% (w/w) solution of the random terpolymer is prepared by dissolving 109.8 g of the random terpolymer synthesized above in a 109.8 g of Water. 
     This solution is an easy-to-handle form of the random terpolymer that is suitable for intended applications. 
     pH of terpolymer at 50% concentration in water is 5.6-6.0 
     Average Molecular weight of terpolymer of example 13: ˜15,000 to 20,000 Daltons. 
     Tg of example 13 terpolymer is 2.85° C. 
     Minimum Film Forming Temperature of example 13 terpolymer is more than 90° C. 
     Example 14 
     Sunscreen Composition Preparation 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Part 
                 Trade name 
                 INCI name 
                 Function 
                 % W/W* 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 A 
                 Arlacel 165 
                 Glyceryl Stearate (and) 
                 Emulsifier, non-ionic 
                 3.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 PEG-100 Stearate 
               
               
                   
                 Lanette 16 
                 Cetyl Alcohol 
                 Emulsion Stabilizer 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Emollient/solvent 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Cetiol CC 
                 Dicaprylyl Carbonate 
                 Emollient/solvent 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Tegosoft DEC 
                 Diethylhexyl Carbonate 
                 Emollient/solvent 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Neo Heliopan AV 
                 Drug name: Octinoxate 
                 Sunscreen Active 
                 7.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 INCI name: Ethylhexyl 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                   
                 Neo Heliopan OS 
                 Drug name: Octisalate 
                 Sunscreen Active 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 INCI name: Ethylhexyl 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Salicylate 
               
               
                   
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Drug name: Avobenzone 
                 Sunscreen Active 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 INCI name: Butyl 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                   
                 Tinosorb ® S 
                 Drug name (proposed): 
                 Sunscreen Active 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Bemotrizinol; 
               
               
                   
                   
                 INCI name: Bis- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                   
                 Orgasol 2002 EXD 
                 Nylon-12 
                 Spherical Particulate to 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 NAT COS 
                   
                 improve skin feel 
               
               
                 B 
                 Water 
                 Water 
                 Diluent/solvent 
                 Qs to 100.00 
               
               
                   
                 Keltrol CG RD 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rheology Modifier 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 Glycerin 
                 Glycerin 
                 Humectant 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Dissolvine NA2 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Chelating Agent 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 C 
                 Dow Corning 345 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 Emollient/Solvent 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Fluid 
               
               
                   
                 Tinovis ADM 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Rheology Modifier 
                 0.83 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Copolymer (and) Mineral 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Oil (and) PPG-1 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                   
                 Tinosorb ® M 
                 Drug name (proposed): 
                 Sunscreen Active 
                 3.00 (as is) or 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Bisoctrizole; 
                   
                 1.50 (active 
               
               
                   
                   
                 INCI name: Methylene Bis- 
                   
                 level) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol (and) 
                 Preservative 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Butylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium Hydroxide 
                 Sodium Hydroxide (15% 
                 pH adjustor 
                 Qs to pH ~5.3-6.1 
               
               
                   
                   
                 aqueous solution) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 *The components are added to the sunscreen composition on a % weight/weight of component (as active) based on the weight of the total composition. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Combine the ingredients of part A. Heat up part A to 80° C. with mixing. Mix until uniform, and add Nylon-12 with moderate agitation. 
     Prepare part B: first, disperse Xanthan Gum into the water and heat up to 80° C. When uniform, add the rest of part B one by one, mix until uniform. 
     Add part A into part B under stirring, and then homogenize with an Ultra Turrax pos 2 for 40 sec/100 g. 
     Cool down under stirring, to 40° C. and add the ingredients of part C one by one in the given order. Mix until uniform. If necessary, adjust pH with aqueous solution of sodium sydroxide to 5.3-6.1 
     Example 15 
     Testing Protocol 
     The test protocol described below is used to mimic the application of the sunscreen composition to human skin and test the initial SPF and the SPF after eighty minutes of water exposure of the instant compositions. 
     The following laboratory equipment is used: 
     VITRO-SKIN® N-19, Foam block, Hydration Chamber, Powder Free Rubber Finger Cots and Glassless slide mounts are obtained from IMS, Inc. (70 Robinson Blvd, Orange, Conn., USA);
 
Water bath (# 05-719-7F), Corning Hotplate Stirrer (#11-497-8A), Calfarno Compact Digital Stirrer (#14-500-7), Glycerol Aqueous Solution (#AC277366-0010) are obtained from Fisher Scientific Catalog; and
 
Optometrics SPF 290 is obtained from Optometrics LLC. (8 Nemco Way, Stony Brook Industrial Park, Ayer, Mass., USA).
 
     An aqueous solution of glycerin (300 g of 14.7% by weight) is prepared and poured on the bottom of the hydration chamber. The shelves are placed in the chamber that is covered with a lid. VITRO-SKIN substrate is cut into 4.1 cm×4.1 cm pieces that are placed on the shelves in a hydration chamber and hydrated for 16-22 hours prior to the tests. 
     Optometrics SPF 290S is turned on followed by the manufacturer&#39;s directions for instrument calibration, blank and sample measurements. 
     A piece of substrate is placed in a slide mount and used as a reference for the in vitro SPF measurements. Another piece of substrate is placed on a plastic-covered foam block and product application is made to the “topography” side of the substrate (the rough side). The test composition (0.033 g) is applied evenly across a 4 cm×4 cm section of the substrate, which results in an application dose of 2 mg/sq. cm and rubbed into the substrate with a finger covered with finger cot. After this, the substrate is placed on a slide mount. 
     The in vitro SPF measurements are made both prior to and after sample immersion in water with stirring for 80 minutes at a water temperature of 37+/−0.5C. All initial measurements are made after the 15 minute dry-down period. After water exposure, the samples are removed, air-dried for about 30 minutes, placed back in the controlled humidity chamber for 120 minutes followed by the 15 minute dry-down period. The reference slides are immersed in the water bath for the same amount of time. An Optometrics SPF 290S is used to determine UV absorbance for each formulation in the 290-400 nm wavelength range. A minimum of three consecutive measurements on three separate areas of the slide are conducted. SPF, UVA/UVB and Critical Wavelength in vitro values for each sample—before and after water immersion are recorded. The % SPF remaining after eighty minute exposure to water is calculated by: 
       ( a/b )×100=% SPF remaining 
     (a) is SPF value after 80 minutes of water exposure and (b) is initial SPF value. 
     Example 16 
     Sunscreen Composition Testing for Water-Resistant Properties 
     The base sunscreen composition of Instant Example 14 is formulated with the terpolymer of Instant Example 13 and compared with other commercially available polymers and copolymers. The composition of Instant Example 14 is prepared individually with the specified amount of each test polymer or copolymer. Commercially available polymers were added to the oil phase or water phase of the formulation, or post-added according to the recommendations described in the manufacturer&#39;s literature. 
     Each sunscreen formulation is evaluated according to the protocol of Instant Example 15. The experimental results are given below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Polymer Tested 
                 wt/wt %* 
                 % SPF remaining 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 None 
                 0 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
                 Cosmedia DC 
                 3 
                 4.5 
               
               
                   
                 Polycrylene 
                 3 
                 5.7 
               
               
                   
                 DC FA 4001 CM 
                 3 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
                 Silicone Acrylate 
               
               
                   
                 Ganex V-220 
                 3 
                 6.8 
               
               
                   
                 DC FA 4002 ID 
                 3 
                 7.4 
               
               
                   
                 Silicone Acrylate 
               
               
                   
                 Phospholipon 90H 
                 3 
                 35.0 
               
               
                   
                 Dermacryl AQF 
                 3 
                 40.5 
               
               
                   
                 Ganex WP-660 
                 3 
                 53.0 
               
               
                   
                 Stantiv OMA-2 
                 3 
                 53.3 
               
               
                   
                 Dermacryl-79 
                 3 
                 55.9 
               
               
                   
                 Allianz OPT 
                 3 
                 81.1 
               
               
                   
                 Avalure UR 450 
                 3 
                 83.5 
               
               
                   
                 Instant Example 13 
                 1 
                 87.4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *The commercially available polymers are added to the sunscreen composition at a 3% weight/weight of component (as active) based on the weight of the total composition. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Instant Example 13 is added at a 1% weight/weight of component (as active) based on the weight of the total composition. The terpolymer of example 13 is post added after the emulsion is formed. 
     Cosmedia DC [INCI: Hydrogenated Dimer Dilinoleyl/Dimethylcarbonate Copolymer] is a hydrogenated dimer Dilinoleyl/Dimethylcarbonate Copolymer and is obtained from Cognis. 
     Polycrylene [INCI: Polyester-8] which is a copolymer of adipic acid (q.v.) and neopentyl glycol (q.v.) end-capped with either octyldodecanol (q.v.) or a cyanodiphenylpropenoyl group and is obtained from RTD Hall Star. 
     DC FA 4001 CM Silicone Acrylate or Dow Corning FA 4001 CM Silicone Acrylate [INCI: Cyclopentasiloxane (and) Acrylates/Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer] is a copolymer of polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate and one or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or one of their simple esters dissolved in cyclopentasiloxane and is obtained from Dow Corning. 
     Ganex V-220 [INCI: VP/Eicosene Copolymer] is a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and eicosene and is obtained from ISP. 
     DC FA 4002 ID Silicone Acrylate or Dow Corning FA 4002 ID Silicone Acrylate [INCI: Isododecane (and) Acrylates/Acrylates/Polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate Copolymer] is a copolymer of polytrimethylsiloxymethacrylate and one or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, or one of their simple esters dissolved in isododecane and is obtained from Dow Corning. 
     Phospholipon 90H [INCI: Hydrogenated Lecithin] is hydrogenated lecithin and is obtained from Phospholipid GmbH. 
     Dermacryl AQF [INCI: Acrylates Copolymer] is a copolymer of acrylates and is obtained from National Starch and Chemical Company. 
     Ganex WP-660 [INCI: Triacontanyl PVP] is a copolymer of vinyl pyrrolidone and 1-triacontane and is obtained from ISP. 
     Stantiv OMA-2 [INCI: Octadecene/MA Copolymer (and) Methyl Acetyl Ricinoleate (and) Di-Methylheptyl Adipate] is a linear copolymer of maleic anhydride and octadecene and is dissolved a mixture of methyl acetyl ricinoleate and dimethylheptyl adipate. 
     Dermacryl-79 [INCI: Acrylates/Octylacrylamide Copolymer] is a copolymer of octylacrylamide and one or more monomers consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid or one of their simple esters and is obtained from National Starch and Chemical Company. 
     Allianz OPT [INCI: Acrylates/C12-22 Alkyl Methacrylate Copolymer] is a copolymer of: methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and cetyl-eicosinyl methacrylate and is obtained from ISP. 
     Avalure UR 450 [INCI: PPG-17/IPDI/DMPA Copolymer] is a copolymer of PPG-17, isophorone diisocyanate and dimethylol propionic acid monomers and is obtained from Noveon. 
     The data demonstrate the instant terpolymer provide excellent water proofing properties in sunscreen compositions at one-third of the concentration when compared to other polymers and copolymers of the prior art and commerce. 
     Example 17 
     Sunscreen Composition Testing for Water-Resistant Properties 
     A commercial sunscreen formulation (Cetaphil SPF 15, Galderma) is obtained and is thoroughly mixed individually with the specified amount of each test polymer or copolymer. Each sunscreen formulation is evaluated according to the protocol of Instant Example 15. The experimental results are given below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Polymer Tested 
                 wt/wt %* 
                 % SPF remaining 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 None 
                 0 
                 10.1 
               
               
                   
                 Dermacryl AQF 
                 2 
                 9.1 
               
               
                   
                 Allianz OPT 
                 1 
                 49.1 
               
               
                   
                 Instant Example 13 
                 1 
                 62.9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *The polymers are added to the sunscreen composition on a % weight/weight of component (as active) based on the weight of the total composition. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Dermacryl AQF is a copolymer of acrylates and is obtained from National Starch and Chemical Company. 
     Allianz OPT is a copolymer of: methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and cetyl-eicosinyl methacrylate and is obtained from ISP. 
     Cetaphil SPF 15 is a commercial sinscreen formulation that contains sunscreen actives: Avobenzone 3%; Octocrylene 10%; and 
     Inactive Ingredients (Function): 
     Water (solvent),
 
Isopropyl adipate (emollient, solvent),
 
Cyclomethicone (emollient, solvent),
 
Glyceryl Stearate (and) PEG-100 Stearate (emulsifier, non-ionic),
 
Glycerin (humectant),
 
Polymethyl Metacrylate (spherical particulate to improve the skin feel,
 
Phenoxyethanol (preservative),
 
Benzyl Alcohol (preservative),
 
Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer (polymeric emulsifier, rheology modifier),
 
Tocopheryl Acetate (antioxidant),
 
Carbomer (rheology modifier),
 
Disodium EDTA (chelating agent), and
 
Triethanolamine (pH adjustor).
 
     The data demonstrate the instant terpolymer provide excellent water proofing properties in sunscreen compositions when compared to other polymers and copolymers of the prior art and commerce. 
     Example 18 
     Very Water-Resistant Properties of the Sunscreen Formulations 
     The water-resistant properties of the instant terpolymers are studied according to: the FDA Final Monograph “Evaluation of Sunscreen Efficacy—Sun Protection Factor (SPF) Assay and Very Water-resistant Assay” (in vivo). The instant terpolymers are studied at 1% w/w based on solids and the data obtained from the in vivo evaluation of the very water-resistant properties of the sunscreen formulations containing the instant terpolymers is given below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Final SPF 
                 PerCent SPF 
               
               
                   
                 Sample 
                 Initial SPF 
                 After Exposure 
                 After Exposure 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Control* 
                 15.26 
                 7.46 
                 48 
               
               
                   
                 Instant 13 
                 15.0 
                 11.14 
                 74 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *A commercial daily moisturizing sunscreen formulation (Cetaphil SPF 15, Lot 049957, Galderma) is obtained and is thoroughly mixed with the specified amount of each instant terpolymer. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     It is found that, at concentration 1% w/w based on solids, the instant terpolymers provide a significant improvement of very water-resistant properties of a sunscreen formulation. 
     Example 19 
     Residual Monomer Level 
     The Instant Terpolymer of Example 13 is analyzed for the residual monomer vinyl imidazole and is found to contain 240 ppm by quantitative gas chromatographic analysis. Instant Example 13 is subjected to boiling water stripping (distillation) three different times. The amount of vinyl imidazole is determined to be 180 ppm, 154 ppm, and 114 ppm, respectively. 
     Gel Permeation Chromoatographic (GPC) analysis is performed for all samples after steam distillation. The purified samples have identical GPC spectra as compared to the original unpurified terpolymer sample, therefore the polymer backbone remains unchanged after purification. 
     Example 20 
     Residual Monomer Level 
     The purification procedure of Instant Example 19 is repeated. A residual monomer level of 50 ppm is obtained. 
     Example 20a 
     Residual Monomer Level 
     The purification procedure of Instant Example 19 is repeated. A residual monomer level of 5 ppm is obtained. 
     Example 21 
     Contact Angles of Water and Surface Properties 
     A test methodology that utilizes measurements of the contact angle of water to quantify the effects on the surface properties of a skin-substitute substrate is employed. This methodology is used as an effective tool for optimizing product development, differentiating among skin care products, competitive benchmarking, and screening of the polymers. It is described in the article entitled “Correlating Water Contact Angles and Moisturization/Sensory Claims” by Olga V. Dueva-Koganov, Scott Jaynes, Colleen Rocafort, Shaun Barker and Jianwen Mao—Cosmetics &amp; Toiletries, January 2007, Vol. 122, No. 1, pp. 20-27. The data presented in the graph of this article shows that contact angle measurements can be used to quantify and compare the effects of skin care products on the surface properties of a skin-like substrate and is presented in tabular form below. Products that generate relatively low contact angles tend to make more sensory claims related to light and non-greasy feel, while products that produce relatively high contact angles tend to make more claims related to long-term moisturization. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 % Products 
                 % Products 
                 % Products 
               
               
                   
                 Contact Angles 
                 in A* 
                 in B** 
                 in C*** 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 40-50 
                 100 
                 50 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 50-60 
                 100 
                 40 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                 60-70 
                 60 
                 30 
                 60 
               
               
                   
                 70-80 
                 70 
                 15 
                 70 
               
               
                   
                 80-90 
                 50 
                 0 
                 100 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 *A = Products that are light and/or nongreasy. 
               
               
                   
                 **B = Products that provide 8-12 hours moisturization. 
               
               
                   
                 ***C = Products that provide 24 hours moisturization. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 22 
     Measurement of Contact Angles after Application of the Instant Terpolymers 
     Contact angles are measured instrumentally according to the static or sessile drop method and using deionized water as a probe solution and VITRO SKIN that mimics the surface properties of human skin as a substrate. A piece of hydrated substrate is mounted in a glassless slide and air-dried in a flat position with application side up for 15 minutes. It is used as a reference for untreated substrate during the contact angle measurements. Exactly 0.032 g of aqueous solutions or dispersions of test polymers are applied evenly across a 4 cm×4 cm section of the substrate (on the “skin topography” side). Immediately after product application, the product is rubbed into the substrate with a finger covered with fingercot. After that the substrate is placed in a slide mount and air-dried for 15 minutes. Before measurements, substrate is removed from the slide mount and cut to several small pieces, which are used for the measurements. The use of small size piece is necessary to assure its flat position on the sample table. Extra care is taken to ensure that the rough side is up and the film is flat. Contact angle measurements are conducted expeditiously—within approximately 1 minute. Controlled humidity conditions are utilized. 
     Materials 
     DSA-10 Contact Angle Measuring System, Krüss Gmb. 
     VITRO SKIN (N-19), IMS Inc., 
     Powder Free Rubber Finger Cots (# 11-392-9B) are available from the Fisher Scientific Catalog. 
     Instant terpolymers and competitive water-resistant polymers Allianz OPT (ISP) and Dermacryl AQF (National Starch) are evaluated according to the methodology described above. 
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Contact Angles after Application of the Polymers 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Polymer Tested 
                 wt/wt %* 
                 Contact Angle, Theta (M) deg. 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Control (Vitro Skin) 
                 None 
                 103.6 
               
               
                 Instant Example 13 
                 5 
                 60.8 
               
               
                 Instant Example 13 
                 2.5 
                 62.8 
               
               
                 Instant Example 13 
                 1 
                 62.7 
               
               
                 Instant Example 13 
                 0.5 
                 60.3 
               
               
                 Instant Example 13 
                 0.25 
                 71.3 
               
               
                 Allianz OPT 
                 5 
                 109.8 
               
               
                 Allianz OPT 
                 2.5 
                 108.6 
               
               
                 Allianz OPT 
                 1 
                 111.9 
               
               
                 Allianz OPT 
                 0.5 
                 99.7 
               
               
                 Allianz OPT 
                 0.25 
                 104.8 
               
               
                 Dermacryl AQF 
                 5 
                 116.1 
               
               
                 Dermacryl AQF 
                 2.5 
                 117.3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 *Indicates aqueous solutions of the test sample as percent polymer solids based on the total weight of the solution. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The instant terpolymers and competitive water-resistant polymers demonstrate strong differences in their effects on the surface properties of VITRO SKIN. The results presented in the table above indicate that the instant terpolymers can potentially contribute to light skin feel a desirable characteristic for water-resistant polymers. On the contrary—the competitive benchmarks (Allianz OPT and Dermacryl AQF) generate primarily a hydrophobic modification of the substrate and are less likely to produce light skin feel. 
     Example 23 
     Sensory Characteristics of Formulations Containing Instant Terpolymers 
     Formulations of Instant Example 14 are prepared and tested for sensory characteristics according to testing protocols published in: 1) ASTM, American Society for Testing and Materials; Annual Book of ASTM Standards, E 1490-92 (reapproved 1997), or 2) Meilgaard M, Civille G, Carr B (2007), Sensory Evaluation Techniques, CRC Press, 4th ed.]. 
     The results are given below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Sensory Characteristics 
                 Form. A 
                 Form. B 
                 Form. C 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Spreadability 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 Playtime 
                 3 
                 3 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 Softness 
                 4 
                 4 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 Shiny 
                 3 
                 3 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 Greasy 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 Sticky 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Form. A is Instant Example 14 with no instant terpolymers added. 
               
               
                   
                 Form. B is Instant Example 14 with 1 percent by weight (solids) of Example 13. 
               
               
                   
                 Form. C is Instant Example 14 with 2 percent by weight (solids) of Example 13. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     These data demonstrate that the terpolymers of the instant invention do not negatively impact the sensory parameters of the formulation. 
     Example 24 
     Alcoholic Sunscreen Spray Compositions 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Ingredients 
                 % WT. 
                 Trade Name 
                 Manufacturer 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 USP Ethanol 
                 qs to 
                 Ethyl Alcohol 
                 Pharmaco/Aaper 
               
               
                 200 proof 
                 100.00 
               
               
                 C12-15 Alkyl 
                 4.00 
                 Finsolv TN 
                 Finetex 
               
               
                 Benzoate 
               
               
                 Homosalate 
                 8.00 
                 Parsol HMS 
                 DSM 
               
               
                 Octisalate 
                 5.00 
                 Escalol 587 
                 ISP 
               
               
                 Octocrylene 
                 2.35 
                 Neo-Heliopan 303 
                 H&amp;R 
               
               
                 Avobenzone 
                 3.00 
                 Parsol 1789 
                 DSM 
               
               
                 Oxybenzone 
                 6.00 
                 Escalol 567 
                 ISP 
               
               
                 Example 13 
                 0.00-0.25 
                   
                 Ciba 
               
               
                 Terpolymer 
               
               
                 (as supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Procedure: Combine all ingredients at RT, mix until uniform. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Very Water-resistant (80 min of water exposure), In Vitro 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 % SPF Remaining 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Random Terpolymer, % 
                 Average 
                 StDev 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 0.00000 (Base) 
                 66.02 
                 13.173 
               
               
                 0.25000 
                 4.64 
                 0.495 
               
               
                 0.12500 
                 5.45 
                 0.183 
               
               
                 0.10000 
                 4.73 
                 0.884 
               
               
                 0.06250 
                 16.83 
                 6.102 
               
               
                 0.03125 
                 42.51 
                 19.450 
               
               
                 0.01563 
                 76.765 
                 7.867 
               
               
                 0.00781 
                 106.950 
                 4.801 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Conclusions: in anhydrous alcoholic sunscreen sprays the random terpolymer improves in vitro water-resistant properties of the formulation at concentrations lower than 0.03%. Same testing protocol as example 15 above. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 25 
     Sunscreen Gel Creams Composition 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical-Name 
                 Supplier 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s.p 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Aqua (and) Pentylene Glycol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Terpolymer of 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Example 13 1   
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Eumulgin B 1 
                 Ceteareth-12 
                 Cognis 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Dermofeel TC-7 
                 Triheptanoin 
                 Dr. Straetmans 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Uvinul A Plus 
                 Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl 
                 BASF 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl Benzoate 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan E 1000 
                 Isoamyl p-Methoxycinnamate 
                 Symrise 
                 7.50 
               
               
                 Uvinul T 150 
                 Ethylhexyl Triazone 
                 BASF 
                 3.20 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis-Benzotriazoly 
                 Ciba 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4-piperazinediyl) 
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 bis[1-[2-[4-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ® ADE 
                 Sodium Acrylates Copolymer (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 1.20 
               
               
                   
                 Hydrogenated Polydecene (and) 
               
               
                   
                 PPG-1 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane (and) 
                 Dow Corning 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) Butylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl Acetate 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 (and)Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Polysorbate 80 (and) Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A and B at 75° C. 
               
               
                 Under Ultra Turrax mixer, add part B (75° C.) into part A (75° C.). 
               
               
                 Add immediately part C, mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 By 60° C., add part D and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 At room temperature, add part E and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                   1 The terpolymer of the invention may be added in the water phase or post added after generation of the emulsion. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 26 
     Water-Resistance Testing for Terpolymer of Example 13 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 No terpolymer 
                 1% terpolymer 
                 2% terpolymer 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 added 
                 from example 13 
                 from example 13 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Water 
                 57.75 
                 55.75 
                 53.75 
               
               
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Glycerine 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 0.22 
                 0.22 
                 0.22 
               
               
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
               
               
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 Butyl 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Glyceryl Stearate and 
                 3.50 
                 3.50 
                 3.50 
               
               
                 PEG-100 Stearate 
               
               
                 Cetyl Alcohol 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Dibutyl adipate 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Dicaprylyl Carbonate 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Diethylhexyl Carbonate 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 0.83 
                 0.83 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 Copolmer and Mineral Oil 
               
               
                 and PPG-a Trideceth-6 
               
               
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Nylon-12 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                 Phenoxyethanol and 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Methylparaben and 
               
               
                 Ethylparaben and 
               
               
                 Butylparaben and 
               
               
                 Propylparaben and 
               
               
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 Terpolymer of example 13 
                 0.00 
                 2.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 (50% active) 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Total 
                 100.00 
                 100.00 
                 100.00 
               
               
                 pH 
                 5.31 
                 5.57 
                 5.69 
               
               
                 Viscosity 
                 RV5/10: 
                 RV5/10: 
                 RV5/10: 
               
               
                   
                 12680 MPa/s 
                 219600 mPa/s 
                 2152-0 mPa/s 
               
               
                   
                 −31.7% 
                 −49% 
                 −53.8% 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Parameters for the In Vitro Efficacy of Sunscreen for the Formulation Example 26 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Test parameter 
                 Water-resistant Testing Conditions in Vitro 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Substrate 
                 Vitro Skin ™ 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Application dose 
                 2 
                 mg/cm 2   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Number of repetitions 
                 3 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Water exposure 
                 80 
                 min. 
               
               
                 Quantity of water 
                 17 
                 liters 
               
               
                 Water bath Temperature 
                 30-31 
                 C. 
               
               
                 Mixing 
                 300 
                 rpm 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Sample drying 
                 RT 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Comparative Water-resistance Results Using Formulations of Example 26. 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sample 
                 Trial 1* 
                 Trial 2 
                 Trial 3 
                 Av +/− St Dev 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 No Polymer 
                 31 
                 36 
                 37 
                 35% +/− 4% 
               
               
                 added 
               
               
                 1% terpolymer 
                 72 
                 78 
                 77 
                 76% +/− 4% 
               
               
                 from example 
               
               
                 13 
               
               
                 2% terpolymer 
                 83 
                 88 
                 96 
                 89% +/− 7% 
               
               
                 from example 
               
               
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 *The numbers respresent calculated SPF after water rinsing as in the testing protocol carried out in example 15 above. Correct, Olga? 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 27 
     This Application Example shows the Improved SPF Achieved Upon Addition of the Random Terpolymer of Example 13 to a Preformulated Sunscreen Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 SPF after 
                 Stdev 
                 UVA/UVB 
                 UVA/UVAB 
                   
               
               
                   
                 SPF 
                 StDev 
                 water 
                 after 
                 ratio 
                 ratio after 
                 % SPF 
               
               
                 Sample 
                 initial 
                 Initial 
                 rinsing 
                 rinsing 
                 initial 
                 rinsing 
                 remaining 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Neutrogena  1   
                 16.96 
                 1.33 
                 12.98 
                 1.06 
                 0.444 
                 0.375 
                 76.533 
               
               
                 with 1% 
                 21.77 
                 0.59 
                 17.88 
                 1.40 
                 0.476 
                 0.411 
                 82.131 
               
               
                 terpolymer 
               
               
                 from 
               
               
                 example 13 
               
               
                 (active) 
               
               
                 Neutogena 
                 17.61 
                 1.60 
                 10.64 
                 0.86 
                 0.427 
                 0.319 
                 60.420 
               
               
                 with 2% 
                 16.82 
                 0.37 
                 9.92 
                 0.70 
                 0.418 
                 0.317 
                 58.977 
               
               
                 terpolymer 
               
               
                 from 
               
               
                 example 13 
               
               
                 (active) 
               
               
                 Neutogena 
                 18.46 
                 1.36 
                 7.76 
                 1.36 
                 0.452 
                 0.391 
                 42.037 
               
               
                 Base only 
                 15.70 
                 0.64 
                 6.08 
                 0.44 
                 0.441 
                 0.369 
                 38.726 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   1  Neutrogena Healthy Skin SPF-15 
               
               
                 Protocol of example 15 is used. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The improved resulting average SPF % efficiency in the preformed formulations achieved by addition of the terpolymer of example 13 to the commercial formulation is clear. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Sample 
                 Average % Efficiency 
                 StDev 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Neutrogena  1  with 1% 
                 79.33 
                 3.96 
               
               
                   
                 terpolymer from example 
               
               
                   
                 13 (active) 
               
               
                   
                 Neutogena with 2% 
                 59.70 
                 1.02 
               
               
                   
                 terpolymer from example 
               
               
                   
                 13 (active) 
               
               
                   
                 Neutogena Base only 
                 40.38 
                 2.34 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 28 
     Daily Protection Care 
       
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Smooth application, non greasy skin feel 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 % w/w (as supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Arlacel 165 V 
                 Glyceryl Stearate (and) 
                 Uniqema 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
               
               
                   
                 PEG-100 Stearate 
               
               
                 Tegosoft TN 
                 C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate 
                 Degussa 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
               
               
                 Dermofeel BGC 
                 Butylene Glycol 
                 Dr. 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Dicaprylate/Dicaprate 
                 Straetmans 
               
               
                 Tegosoft P 
                 Isopropyl Palmitate 
                 Degussa 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Lanette O 
                 Cetearyl Alcohol 
                 Cognis 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 1.70 
                 1.70 
                 1.70 
                 1.70 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                 Propylene Glycol 
                 Propylene Glycol 
                 Rita 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Corporation 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 1.00 
                 2.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Amphisol K 
                 Potassium Cetyl Phosphate 
                 DSM 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TINOCARE ®GL 
                 Sclerotium Gum 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Eusolex 232 
                 Phenylbenzimidazole 
                 Merck 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Sulfonic Acid 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 3.75 
                 3.75 
                 3.75 
                 3.75 
               
               
                 Tris Amino 
                 Tromethamine 
                 Angus 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 SALCARE ® SC91 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) Mineral 
               
               
                   
                 Oil (and) PPG-1 
               
               
                   
                 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                 Part F 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 
                 Cyclomethicone 
                 Dow 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 345 Fluid 
                   
                 Corning 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Preservative 
                   
                   
                 qs 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TINODERM ® A 
                 Aqua (and) Retinyl 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Palmitate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Benzalkonium Chloride 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat up part A and part B (without Amphisol K) to 80° C., then add Amphisol K into part B and stir slowly during few minutes. Add part A into part B, homogenize with an Ultra Turrax. Add part C. Cool down under continuous stirring and add part D by around 60° C. Afterwards add part E by around 45° C., then part F below 40° C. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after emulsion is formed. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 29 
     Soft Suncare Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Emulium 22 
                 Tribehenin PEG-20 Esters 
                 Gattefosse 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Crodamol PMP 
                 PPG-2 Myristyl Ether 
                 Croda 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Propionate 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                 qs to 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13 ** 
               
               
                 TINOCARE ®GL 
                 Sclerotium Gum 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Keltrol T 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane (and) 
                 Dow 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 246 Fluid 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 
                 Dimethicone/Vinyl 
                 Dow 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 9701 
                 dimethicone crosspolymer 
                 Corning 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Cosmetic Powder 
               
               
                   
                 silica 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Eusolex 232 
                 Phenylbenzimidazole 
                 Merck 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sulfonic Acid 
               
               
                 Tris Amino 
                 Ultra Pur Tromethamine 
                 Angus 
                 q.s. pH = 7 
                 q.s. pH = 7 
                 q.s. pH = 7 
                 q.s. pH = 7 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Chemie 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 10.00  
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 3.00 
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2- 
               
               
                   
                 [4-(diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                 Part F 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
                 Preservative 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A at 75° C. until homogeneous. Heat part B without Keltrol T at 75° C. until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Add Keltrol T in part B under turrax and mix until homogeneous. Add part A at 75° C. into part B at 75° C. and mix until homogeneous, homogenize with an Ultra Turrax. At 60° C., add part C and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Prepare part D at room temperature, then add part D into the emulsion by around 50° C. and mix until homogeneous. By 
               
               
                 room temperature add part E and part F, mix until homogeneous. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added 
               
               
                 to the system after emulsion is formed. 
               
               
                 ** Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 30 
     Emulsifier Free Smooth Sun Gel 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Finsolv EB 
                 Ethylhexyl Benzoate 
                 Finetex 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 DUB VCI10 
                 Isodecyl Neopentanoate 
                 Dubois 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Stearinerie 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 Eusolex T-AVO 
                 Titanium Dioxide (and) 
                 Merck 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Silica 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                 Glycerin 85% 
                 Glycerin 
                 Fluka 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 1.50 
                 2.50 
                 3.50 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13 ** 
               
               
                 Keltrol RD 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Aqua (and) Pentylene 
                 Ciba 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Sclerotium 
               
               
                   
                 Gum 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ®GTC 
                 Acrylates/Beheneth-25 
                 Ciba 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methylacrylate Copolymer 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Sodium Hydroxide 
                 Water (and) Sodium 
                 Fluka 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
               
               
                 (30% solution) 
                 Hydroxide 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                 DOW CORNING ® 
                 Dimethicone (and) 
                 Dow 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 1503 FLUID 
                 Dimethiconol 
                 Corning 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Orgasol 2002 D 
                 Nylon-12 
                 Atofina 
               
               
                 NAT COS 20 
               
               
                 Microns 
               
               
                   
                 Preservative 
                   
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Mix the ingredients of part B, disperse Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 Heat up part A to melt the filters, when melted, add Titanium Dioxide and homogenize until homogeneous. Cool down to room temperature. Incorporate part A into part B with an Ultra Turrax type device. Neutralize with part C to pH &gt; 6. 
               
               
                 Finally add the ingredients of part D in the listed order. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after gel is formed. 
               
               
                 ** Addition of Random Terpolymer improves the water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 31 
     Sun Protect Fluid 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sensanov WR 
                 C20-22 Alkyl Phosphate 
                 Seppic 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 (and) C20-C22 Alcohols 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 Uvasorb HEB 
                 Diethylhexyl Butamino 
                 3VSigma 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Triazone 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Parsol MCX 
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 DSM 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Pentylene Glycol (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Tris Amino 
                 Ultra Pur Tromethamine 
                 Angus 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Chemie 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane (and) 
                 Dow 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
               
               
                 Dry- Flo Pure 
                 Aluminum Starch 
                 National 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Octenylsuccinate 
                 Starch &amp; 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Chemical 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Company 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
               
               
                 Eusolex 232 
                 Phenylbenzimidazole 
                 Merck 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sulfonic Acid 
               
               
                 Tris Amino 
                 Ultra Pur Tromethamine 
                 Angus 
                 0.65 
                 0.65 
                 0.65 
                 0.65 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Chemie 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 12.00 
                   
                 8.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 12.00 
                   
                 8.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 0-2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 0-1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2-[4- 
               
               
                   
                 (diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                 Part F 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol (and) 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Butylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A and B to 75° C. Add A (75° C.) into part B (75° C.) and homogenize. 
               
               
                 Cool down. At 60° C., add part C and mix until homogeneous. Then add part D, mix until homogeneous. At room temperature, add part E and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Finally, add part F, mix until homogeneous. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after system is formed. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 32 
     Advanced UV Protection Sun Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Apifil 
                 PEG-8 Beeswax 
                 Gattefossé 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Emulcire ®61 
                 Cetyl Alcohol (and) 
                 Gattefossé 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 WL2659 
                 Ceteth-20 (and) Steareth- 
               
               
                   
                 20 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Uvasorb HEB 
                 Diethylhexyl Butamino 
                 3VSigma 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Triazone 
               
               
                 Parsol MCX 
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 DSM 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 4.00 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Pentylene Glycol (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Keltrol T 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane (and) 
                 Dow 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 12.00 
                 12.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan 
               
               
                   
                 Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 12.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                   
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2- 
               
               
                   
                 [4-(diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol (and) 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Butylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A at 75° C. until homogeneous. Heat part B without Keltrol T at 75° C. At 75° C. under quick Ultra Turrax 
               
               
                 mixer, add Keltrol T to part B and mix until homogeneous. Add part A to part B at 75° C. and homogenize. By 60° C., 
               
               
                 add part C and mix until homogeneous. At room temperature, add part D and mix until homogeneous. Finally add part 
               
               
                 E and mix until homogeneous. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after system is 
               
               
                 formed. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 33 
     Economical Sun Lotion 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Stearic Acid 
                 Stearic Acid 
                 J. T. Baker 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Tegin M 
                 Glyceryl Stearate 
                 Evonik 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Estol 3609 
                 Triethylhexanoin 
                 Croda 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
               
               
                 Elefac I-205 
                 Octyldodecyl 
                 Bernel 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
               
               
                   
                 Neopentanoate 
                 (Rovi) 
               
               
                 Stantiv OMA-2 
                 Octadecene/MA 
                 Caschem 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) various 
               
               
                   
                 esters 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                 Glycerin 
                 85% Glycerin 
                 Fluka 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-L 
                 Lactic Acid (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Sodium Lactate 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Nobel 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 3.00 
                 2.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TEA 99% T 
                 Triethanolamine 
                 Dow 
                 0.97 
                 0.97 
                 0.97 
                 0.97 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Chemical 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 
                 Dimethicone 
                 Dow 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 200/350 cs Fluid 
                   
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 Mackaderm Asto- 
                 Aluminium Starch 
                 Mc Intyre 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Dry 
                 Octenylsuccinate 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan 
               
               
                   
                 Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2- 
               
               
                   
                 [4-(diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                 TINOSAN ® SDC 
                 Citric Acid (and) Silver 
                 Ciba 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 Citrate 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ® ADE 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Ciba 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Hydrogenated Polydecene 
               
               
                   
                 (and) PPG-1 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat up part A and B to 80° C. Adjust pH of B to around 6, then add A into B under high stirring speed (using an Ultra Turrax). Cool down under stirring, adjust pH to 7. Add part D under stirring. Homogenize again by around 50° C. 
               
               
                 Below 40° C. add the ingredients of part E in the listed order. Adjust the final pH to around 7.0. 
               
               
                 Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after it is formed. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 34 
     Refreshing and Cooling Body Mist 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Dub DOA 
                 Diethylhexyl Adipate 
                 Stearinerie 
                 13.00 
                 13.00 
                 13.00 
                 13.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Dubois Fils 
               
               
                 Eusolex HMS 
                 Homosalate 
                 Merck 
                 15.00 
                 15.00 
                 15.00 
                 15.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan 303 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane (and) 
                 Dow 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 345 Fluid 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane 
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Ethanol 
                 96% Alcohol 
                 Berkel AHK 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.01 
                 0.05 
                 1.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat up part A to 80° C., when the ingredients are melted let stir until uniform.. 
               
               
                 Cool down, below 30° C., add part B and part C under stirring. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 35 
     PEG and Silicon Free Sun Gel with 100% Particulate Filters Emulsifier free 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Emulfree CBG 
                 Isostearyl Alcohol (and) 
                 Gattefosse 
                 6 
                 6 
                 6 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 Butylene Glycol Cocoate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Ethylcellulose 
               
               
                 Tegosoft CT 
                 Caprylic/Capric 
                 Evonik 
                 10 
                 10 
                 10 
                 10 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride 
               
               
                 Cetiol V 
                 Decyl Oleate 
                 Cognis 
                 5 
                 5 
                 5 
                 5 
               
               
                 Cocoate BG 
                 Butylene Glycol Cocoate 
                 Gattefossé 
                 3 
                 3 
                 3 
                 3 
               
               
                 MT 150 EX 
                 Titanium Dioxyde (and) 
                 Tayca 
                 12 
                 12 
                 6 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Stearic Acid (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Aluminium Hydroxyde 
               
               
                   
                 Zinc Oxide 
                   
                   
                   
                 6 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                 Glycerin 85% 
                 Glycerin 
                 Fluka 
                 5 
                 5 
                 5 
                 5 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.25 
                 0.5 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13 ** 
               
               
                 Keltrol RD 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
                 0.5 
               
               
                 Veegum Ultra 
                 Magnesium Aluminium 
                 R. T 
                 0.3 
                 0.3 
                 0.3 
                 0.3 
               
               
                   
                 Silicate 
                 Vanderbilt 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Aqua (and) Pentylene 
                 Ciba 
                 4 
                 4 
                 4 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Sclerotium 
               
               
                   
                 Gum 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 12 
                   
                 4 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylene Glycol (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 12 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active 
               
               
                   
                 in aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2- 
               
               
                   
                 [4-(diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active 
               
               
                   
                 in aqueous solution 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Orgasol 2002 D 
                 Nylon-12 
                 Atofina 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
               
               
                 NAT COS 20 
               
               
                 Microns 
               
               
                 Techpolymer MB 
                 Polymethyl Methacrylate 
                 Sekisui 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
                 2 
               
               
                 8C 
               
               
                   
                 Preservative 
                   
                 Qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instructions 
               
               
                 Heat part A without MT 150EX to 75° C. Add Titanium Dioxide and homogenize until homogeneous. Prepare part B: First Disperse Veegum Ultra into the water and heat up to 75° C., homogenize with an Ultra Turrax then add Xanthan Gum. When homogeneous, add the rest of part B. Add part A into part B under high speed homogeneization (Ultra Turrax). Cool down under stirring, finally add part C and the ingredients of D by 40° C. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after gel is formed. 
               
               
                 ** Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 36 
     Gel Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
                 q.s. to 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Random 
                 Ciba 
                 0.5 
                 1.50 
                 2.50 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Terpolymer 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Aqua (and) Pentylene 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Eumulgin B 1 
                 Ceteareth-12 
                 Cognis 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Dermofeel TC-7 
                 Triheptanoin 
                 Dr. 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Straetmans 
               
               
                 Uvinul A Plus 
                 Diethylamino 
                 BASF 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hydroxybenzoyl 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl Benzoate 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan E 
                 Isoamyl p- 
                 Symrise 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
               
               
                 1000 
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 Uvinul T 150 
                 Ethylhexyl Triazone 
                 BASF 
                 3.20 
                 3.20 
                 3.20 
                 3.20 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl 
               
               
                   
                 Triazine 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ® ADE 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Ciba 
                 1.20 
                 1.20 
                 1.20 
                 1.20 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Hydrogenated 
               
               
                   
                 Polydecene (and) 
               
               
                   
                 PPG-1 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane 
                 Dow Corning 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Methylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Ethylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Propylparaben 
               
               
                   
                 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Tocopheryl Acetate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A and B at 75° C. Under Ultra Turrax mixer, add part B (75° C.) into part A (75° C.). 
               
               
                 Add immediately part C, mix until homogeneous. By 60° C., add part D and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 At room temperature, add part E and mix until homogeneous. Alternatively, Random Terpolymer can be post-added to the system after system is formed. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 37 
     High UV Protection Sun Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Cithrol 10MS 
                 PEG-20 Stearate 
                 Croda 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Tegin M 
                 Glyceryl Stearate 
                 Evonik 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Lanette 18 
                 Stearyl Alcohol 
                 Cognis 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Uvinul A Plus 
                 Diethylamino 
                 BASF 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hydroxybenzoyl 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl Benzoate 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 9.00 
                 9.00 
                 9.00 
                 9.00 
               
               
                 Type 303 
               
               
                 Parsol MCX 
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 DSM 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl 
               
               
                   
                 Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 MT-100 Z T 
                 Titanium Dioxide 
                 Tayca 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aluminum 
               
               
                   
                 Hydroxide (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Stearic Acid 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 1.50 
                 2.50 
                 3.50 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Sunsphere Powder 
                 Styrene/Acrylates 
                 ISP 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer 
               
               
                 Keltrol T 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 Amphisol K 
                 Potassium Cetyl 
                 DSM 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Phosphate 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane 
                 Dow Corning 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Tocopheryl Acetate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
                 Preservative 
                   
                 q.s 
                 q.s 
                 q.s 
                 q.s 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A at 75° C. until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Add part B into part A and mix under quick Ultra Turrax type mixer until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Heat part C without Sunsphere Powder, Keltrol T and Amphisol K at 75° C. 
               
               
                 At 75° C. under quick Ultra Turrax mixer, add Sunsphere Powder, Keltrol T and Amphisol K and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Add A + B at 75° C. into C at 75° C. and homogenize. 
               
               
                 Below 60° C., add the ingredients of part D and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Cool down to room temperature under stirrer. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 38 
     Dry Sensation Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Fast penetrating, light end skin feeling 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sensanov WR 
                 C20-22 Alkyl 
                 Seppic 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Phosphate (and) C20- 
               
               
                   
                 C22 Alcohols 
               
               
                 Cetiol B 
                 Dibutyl Adipate 
                 Cognis 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 Uvinul A Plus 
                 Diethylamino 
                 BASF 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                   
                 Hydroxybenzoyl 
               
               
                   
                 Hexyl Benzoate 
               
               
                 Parsol MCX 
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 DSM 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
                 7.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl 
               
               
                   
                 Triazine 
               
               
                 Uvinul T 150 
                 Ethylhexyl Triazone 
                 BASF 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
                 q.s.p 100% 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2-P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Aqua (and) Pentylene 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Tris Amino Ultra 
                 Tromethamine 
                 Angus 
                 0.54 
                 0.54 
                 0.54 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 Pur 
                   
                 Chemie 
               
               
                   
                   
                 GmbH 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 246 
                 Cyclohexasiloxane 
                 Dow 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                 (and) 
                 Corning 
               
               
                   
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
               
               
                 Micropearl M305 
                 Methylmethacrylate 
                 Seppic 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Crosspolymer 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ® ADE 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Ciba 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Hydrogenated 
               
               
                   
                 Polydecene (and) 
               
               
                   
                 PPG-1 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 0.75 
                 1.75 
                 2.75 
                 3.75 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Part E 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol (and) 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Butylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Tocopheryl Acetate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat up part A and B to 75° C. until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 Add part A (75° C.) into part B (75° C.) and homogenize. 
               
               
                 By 60° C., add part C and mix until homogeneous. Add part D and homogenize. 
               
               
                 Cool down to room temperature, add part E and mix until homogeneous. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 39 
     UV Defense Spray 
       
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Non greasy 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lanette 16 
                 Cetyl Alcohol 
                 Cognis 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 Tegosoft OS 
                 Ethylhexyl Stearate 
                 Evonik 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Octocrylene Symrise 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Type 303 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Eusolex T-AVO 
                 Titanium Dioxide (and) 
                 Merck 
                 3.30 
                 3.30 
                 3.30 
                 3.30 
               
               
                   
                 Silica 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 2.90 
                 2.90 
                 2.90 
                 2.90 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 2.00 
                 1.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Glycerin 85% 
                 Glycerin 
                 Fluka 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Amphisol A 
                 Cetyl Phosphate 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Avicel PC611 
                 Microcrystalline Cellulose 
                 FMC 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Corporation 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2P 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Triethanolamine 
                 Triethanolamine 
                 Riedel 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 4.00 
                   
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2-[4- 
               
               
                   
                 (diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 245 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 Dow Corning 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
               
               
                   
                 Preservative 
                   
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
                 qs 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Heat part A to 75° C., add Titanium Dioxide, homogenize. 
               
               
                 Prepare part B: first disperse Avicel PC611 into water, heat up to 75° C., stir. 
               
               
                 When well dispersed, add the rest of the ingredients of part B without Amphisol A. 
               
               
                 Then add Amphisol A, stir slowly 10 more minutes. 
               
               
                 Add part A into part B (by 75° C.) under stirring, homogenize. 
               
               
                 Adjust pH value with part C. 
               
               
                 Cool down to room temperature, below 50° C. add the ingredients of part D in the listed order. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 40 
     Global Sun Solution 
       
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
                 % w/w 
               
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
                 (as 
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
                 supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Emulgade SE/PF 
                 Glyceryl Stearate (and) 
                 Cognis 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
                 6.00 
               
               
                   
                 Ceteareth-20 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ceteareth-12 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Cetearyl Alcohol (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Cetyl Palmitate 
               
               
                 Lanette 16 
                 Cetyl Alcohol 
                 Cognis 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
                 1.50 
               
               
                 Lanette 18 
                 Stearyl Alcohol 
                 Cognis 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                 Cetiol CC 
                 Dicaprylyl Carbonate 
                 Cognis 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan HMS 
                 Homosalate 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Octocrylene 
                 Symrise 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
                 10.00 
               
               
                 Type 303 
               
               
                 Neo Heliopan, 
                 Ethylhexyl Salicylate 
                 Symrise 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Type OS 
               
               
                 Parsol 1789 
                 Butyl 
                 DSM 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxydibenzoylmethane 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® S 
                 Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol 
                 Ciba 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
                 1.80 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxyphenyl Triazine 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
                 qs to 100% 
               
               
                 Butylene Glycol 
                 Butylene Glycol 
                 Hoechst 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Celanese 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Pentylene Glycol (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Keltrol T 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 Dow Corning 245 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane 
                 Dow 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Fluid 
                   
                 Corning 
               
               
                 Velvesil 125 
                 Cyclopentasiloxane (and) 
                 Momentive 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 C30-45 Alkyl Cetearyl 
               
               
                   
                 Dimethicone 
               
               
                   
                 Crosspolymer 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 4.00 
                   
                 4.00 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) Propylene 
               
               
                   
                 Glycol (and) Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis-Benzotriazolyl 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 2.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2-[4- 
               
               
                   
                 (diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active in 
               
               
                   
                 aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Mackaderm Asto- 
                 Aluminium Starch 
                 Mc Intyre 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
                 3.00 
               
               
                 Dry 
                 Octenylsuccinate 
               
               
                 TINODERM ® E 
                 Aqua (and) Tocopheryl 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Acetate (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Caprylic/Capric 
               
               
                   
                 Triglyceride (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polysorbate 80 (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Lecithin 
               
               
                 Nipaguard MPA 
                 Benzyl Alcohol (and) 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylparaben 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing instruction 
               
               
                 Heat up part A and B to 75° C. 
               
               
                 Add part A into part B, then homogenize with an Ultra Turrax. 
               
               
                 Mix part C. Add part C by 60° C. under stirring, homogenize with an Ultra Turrax. 
               
               
                 Below 50° C., add the ingredients of part D in the listed order. 
               
               
                 Cool down to room temperature under continuous stirring. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 41 
     Total Effect Lightening Face Gel Cream 
       
     
       
         
           
               
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Cold process 
               
               
                 Emerging Market 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Composition 
                 INCI-Name/Chemical- 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Trade Name 
                 Name 
                 Supplier 
                 % w/w (as supplied) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Part A 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Tegosoft P 
                 Isopropyl Palmitate 
                 Evonik 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Parsol MCX 
                 Ethylhexyl 
                 DSM 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
                 7.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methoxycinnamate 
               
               
                 Part B 
               
               
                 Water 
                 Water 
                   
                 qs to 100 
                 qs to 100 
                 qs to 100 
                 qs to 100 
               
               
                 Glycerin 85% 
                 Glycerin 
                 Fluka 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Nicotinamide 
                 Niacinamide 
                 Merck 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (Calbiochem) 
               
               
                 Keltrol T 
                 Xanthan Gum 
                 Rahn 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Dissolvine NA-2 
                 Disodium EDTA 
                 Akzo Nobel 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 TINODERM ®SG-P 
                 Pentylene Glycol (and) 
                 Ciba 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Sclerotium Gum 
               
               
                 Part C 
               
               
                 TINOVIS ® ADE 
                 Sodium Acrylates 
                 Ciba 
                 1.25 
                 1.25 
                 1.25 
                 1.25 
               
               
                   
                 Copolymer (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Hydrogenated 
               
               
                   
                 Polydecene (and) PPG-1 
               
               
                   
                 Trideceth-6 
               
               
                 Part D 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                 3.00 
                   
                   
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) Decyl 
               
               
                   
                 Glucoside (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylene Glycol (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Xanthan Gum 
               
               
                 TINOSORB ® M-PGL 
                 Methylene Bis- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                 3.00 
               
               
                   
                 Benzotriazolyl 
               
               
                   
                 Tetramethylbutylphenol 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Aqua (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Polyglyceryl 10-Laurate 
               
               
                   
                 (and) Butylene Glycol 
               
               
                   
                 Tris-Biphenyl Triazine, 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 2.00 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active 
               
               
                   
                 in aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Methanone, 1,1′-(1,4- 
                 Ciba 
                   
                   
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 piperazinediyl) bis[1-[2- 
               
               
                   
                 [4-(diethylamino)-2- 
               
               
                   
                 hydroxybenzoyl]phenyl]- 
               
               
                   
                 (CAS No: 919803-06-8), 
               
               
                   
                 50% micronized active 
               
               
                   
                 in aqueous solution 
               
               
                   
                 Random Terpolymer 
                 Ciba 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Example 13** 
               
               
                 Dry- Flo PC 
                 Aluminum Starch 
                 National Starch 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Octenylsuccinate 
               
               
                 Phenonip 
                 Phenoxyethanol (and) 
                 Clariant 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Methylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Ethylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Butylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Propylparaben (and) 
               
               
                   
                 Isobutylparaben 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Manufacturing Instruction 
               
               
                 Add part A to part B under stirring. Homogenize for a short time with an Ultra Turrax. 
               
               
                 Add part C under stirring. 
               
               
                 When homogeneous add the ingredients of part D in the listed order. 
               
               
                 **Addition of Random Terpolymer improves water-resistant properties of the formulation.