Patent Publication Number: US-2022213752-A1

Title: Convertible bell nipple for wellbore operations

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to well tools mounted uphole of a blow-out preventer. 
     BACKGROUND 
     During drilling operations, a drill string extends through a bell nipple and blow-out preventer (BOP). The bell nipple receives cuttings and drilling fluids from the wellbore during drilling operations. After receiving the fluids and cuttings, the bell nipple directs the fluid and cuttings to shaker screens, where the cuttings and fluids are separated so that the drilling fluid can be reused. 
     As a separate operation, a well tool, such as a wireline/slickline tool, is installed atop the blow-out preventer by a shooting nipple. The well tool is exposed to well pressure during operations. Shooting nipples and bell nipples are not interchangeable as the bell nipple relies upon a static column of fluid to contain well pressure, while a shooting nipple seals the wellbore from the surrounding environment. In addition, a bell nipple relies upon the BOP to seal the wellbore in case of well pressure kick. On the other hand, the shooting nipple is install during wireline or slickline operation and relies on wireline/slickline&#39;s BOP above it to seal against the wire or the slick in case of well control since the BOP below it can&#39;t seal against the wire or the slick. 
     SUMMARY 
     This disclosure describes technologies relating to a convertible bell nipple. 
     An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is a kit with the following features. A bell nipple includes a downhole end configured to sealingly couple to an uphole-end of a blow-out preventer. An uphole end of the bell nipple includes a first set of threads along an inner surface of the bell nipple. A fluid conduit defines a downward slope fluidically connected to an interior of the bell nipple. An inlet of the fluid conduit is uphole of the downhole end and downhole of the first set of threads. A valve set is positioned in-line with the fluid conduit. The valve set is configured to regulate fluid flow through the conduit. A thread saver is configured to be received by the uphole end. The thread saver is configured to protect the first set of threads from impact. An extension sub is configured to be received by the uphole end. The extension sub includes a downhole end with a second set of threads configured to engage with the first set of threads. An uphole end of the extension sub includes a third set of threads configured receive a well tool. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The first set of threads are ACME threads. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The third set of threads are LTC threads. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The valve set comprises two valves in series. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The two valves are gate valves. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. One of the two valves is a hydraulically actuated valve, and the other of the two valves is a manually actuated valve. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The thread saver includes a softer material than the bell nipple. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The thread saver covers an entirety of the first set of threads when installed. 
     Aspects of the example kit, which can be combined with the example kit alone or with other aspects, include the following. The bell nipple, the valve set, and the extension sub are rated for well pressure. 
     An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is a method with the following features. A bell nipple is received by a blow-out preventer. The bell nipple includes ACME threads along an interior surface of an uphole end of the bell nipple. A thread saver is received by the bell nipple. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. An entirety of the ACME threads is covered by the thread saver. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. The thread saver is parted with the bell nipple. An extension sub is received by the bell nipple. The extension sub threadingly engages with the ACME threads. A well tool is received by the extension sub. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. A valve set of the bell nipple is closed. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. The well tool and the extension sub are parted with the bell nipple. The thread saver is received by the bell nipple. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. The well tool is a wireline tool or a lubricator. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. Well pressure is retained by the bell nipple, the extension sub, and the well tool. 
     Aspects of the example method, which can be combined with the example method alone or with other aspects, include the following. Fluid is flowed through the bell nipple in an uphole direction. Fluid is flowed from the bell nipple through a conduit sloping downhill from a vertical side of the bell nipple. 
     An example implementation of the subject matter described within this disclosure is a wellstack with the following features. A bell nipple includes a downhole end configured to sealingly couple to an uphole-end of a blow-out preventer. An uphole end of the bell nipple includes ACME threads along an inner surface of the bell nipple. A fluid conduit defines a downward slope fluidically connected to an interior of the bell nipple. An inlet of the fluid conduit is uphole of the downhole end and downhole of the ACME of threads. A valve set is positioned in-line with the fluid conduit. The valve set is configured to regulate fluid flow through the conduit. 
     Aspects of the example wellstack, which can be combined with the example wellstack alone or with other aspects, include the following. A thread saver is configured to be received by the uphole end. The thread saver is configured to protect the ACME threads from impact. The thread saver includes a softer material than the bell nipple. 
     Aspects of the example wellstack, which can be combined with the example wellstack alone or with other aspects, include the following. An extension sub is configured to be received by the uphole end. The extension sub includes a downhole end with a second set of ACME threads configured to engage with the ACME threads of the bell nipple and an uphole end with a set of LTC threads configured receive a well tool. 
     Aspects of the example wellstack, which can be combined with the example wellstack alone or with other aspects, include the following. A lubricator or wireline tool sealingly engaged to the uphole end of the extension sub by the LTC threads. 
     Particular implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented so as to realize one or more of the following advantages. The time needed to switch between wireline/slickline and drilling operations is significantly reduced by the subject matter described within this disclosure. 
     The details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a side view of a convertible bell nipple. 
         FIG. 2  is an illustrated list of components that can be used with aspects of this disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of the convertible bell nipple acting as a bell nipple. 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of the convertible bell nipple acting as a well tool adapter, for example, for running a wireline or slickline tool. 
         FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a method that can be used with aspects of this disclosure. 
     
    
    
     Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     During drilling operations, a bell nipple is often changed out for a shooting nipple for slickline or wireline operations. The process of changing the bell nipple for a shooting nipple and reattaching the bell nipple after the slickline or wireline operations, takes a significant amount of time and often hampers the overall drilling rate of penetration. This increase in drilling time increases total rig time and delays the onset of hydrocarbon production. 
     This disclosure relates to a reconfigurable bell nipple assembly that includes threaded connections, a thread saver, and adapters for other tools, such as a wireline lubricator. The assembly is reconfigurable, saving time during the drilling process, as the bell nipple does not need to be removed and reassembled to use other tools, such as a wireline lubricator. Additionally, the bell nipple includes valves on the outlet to pressure isolate, throttle fluid flow, or both, from the bell nipple. 
       FIG. 1  is a side view of a convertible bell nipple  100  resting atop a blow-out preventer (BOP)  102 . The bell nipple  100  includes an open pipe  104  with a bolted, flanged connection  106  at a downhole end of the bell nipple  100 . Typically, the flanged connection is bolted to the upper end of the BOP  102  with a gasket appropriate for the service compressed between the BOP  102  and the bell nipple  100 . While described as using a bolted, gasketed connection, other connections can be used without departing from this disclosure. 
     The uphole end of the bell nipple  100  is typically open to atmosphere (when configured to act as a standard bell nipple). The bell nipple  100  also includes ACME threads  108  at an uphole end of the bell nipple. In some implementations, the ACME threads  108  are along an inner surface of the bell nipple  100 . That is, the uphole end of the bell nipple  100  acts as a female portion of a threaded connection. The square profile of ACME threads makes them very robust and resistant to damage. In addition, the square profile reduces the likelyhood of cross threading. While primarily illustrated and described as using ACME threads, the uphole end of the bell nipple  100  can use any type of similarly robust threading. Alternatively or in addition, other quick-connect interfaces can be used without departing from this disclosure, such as a hammer lock connection. 
     Between the uphole end and the downhole end of the bell nipple  100 , a flow conduit  112  is fluidically connected to the open pipe  104 . Typically, this conduit  112  has a downhill slope and receives drilling fluid and drill cuttings from the bell nipple  100 . The conduit  112  includes one or more valves to regulate, isolate, throttle, or otherwise control a flowrate through the conduit  112 . In some implementations, the one or more valves can include a valve set  110 . The valve set  110  can include two valves in series. In some implementations, the two valves are gate valves. Such valves are often used for isolation purposes; however, it should be noted that other isolation valves, such as ball valves, can be used without departing from this disclosure. Alternatively or in addition, valves more typically used for throttling applications, such as globe valves, can be used without departing from this disclosure. In some implementations, the valve set  110  can include more than one type of valves. For example, a throttling valve and an isolation valve can be included in series. Valves within the valve set  110  can be manually actuated, hydraulically actuated, or both. For example, one of the valves can be manually actuated, by hand, at the valve location, while another valve of the valve set  110  can be hydraulically actuated, for example, remotely from a control room, or locally at a hydraulic control panel. 
       FIG. 2  is an illustrated list of components that can be used with aspects of this disclosure. As the bell nipple  100  is reconfigurable, the bell nipple  100  can be combined with various components that can be swapped out depending upon the desired configuration. For example, the pipe  104  can include the valve set  110  and conduit  112 . The conduit  112  and valve set  110  can be attached to the pipe  104  and each other in a variety of ways, for example, welded, threaded, or bolted connections can be used. Connections can be connected on-site or in a manufacturing facility. In general, the fluid conduit  112  defines a downward slope. An inlet of the fluid conduit  112  is uphole of the downhole end of the bell nipple  100  and is downhole of the ACME threads. In some implementations, the valve set  110  can include a first valve  110   a  and a second valve  110   b . In some implementations, the first valve  110   a  is a hydraulic gate valve, and the second valve  110   b  is a manual gat valve. 
     When the convertible bell nipple  100  is configured as a standard bell nipple, a thread saver  202  is configured to protect the ACME threads  108  when installed at an uphole end of the bell nipple  100 . The thread saver  202  creates an interference to prevent drill pipe or other work strings from impacting the ACME threads  108  during operations that require the bell nipple  100 . In some implementations, the thread saver  202  is made of a softer material than the bell nipple  100  so that the thread saver  202  itself does not damage the ACME threads  108 . Such materials can include brass or an elastomer, such as polycarbonate. In some implementations, composites such as fiber glass or carbon fiber can be used in the thread saver  202 . In some implementations, the thread saver  202  covers an entirety of the ACME threads  108  when installed onto the bell nipple  100 ; however, other thread saver  202  geometries can be used so long as drill pipes and similar work strings are prevented from contacting the ACME threads  108  by the thread saver  202 . 
     When configured as a shooting nipple, an extension sub  204  is threaded into the uphole end of the bell nipple  100 . That is, the downhole end of the extension sub  204  includes threads  208  configured to engage with the ACME threads  108  of the bell nipple  100 . Typically, the extension sub  204  acts as a male portions of a threaded connection while the bell nipple  100  acts as a female portion of the threaded connection. While primarily described and illustrated in such a configuration, the opposite configuration, with the bell nipple  100  acting as a male portion of a threaded connection and the extension sub  204  acting as a female portion of the threaded connection, can be used without departing from this disclosure. An uphole end of the extension sub  204  includes another set of threads  210  configured to receive a well tool, such as a wireline or slickline tool. While primarily described as using wireline or slickline tools, other wellbore lines, such as e-lines, coiled tubing, and umbilicals, can be use without departing from this disclosure. In some implementations, the threads  210  at the uphole end of the extension sub  204  includes an LTC thread box with LTC threads. While primarily described as using LTC threads, other threaded configurations can be used without departing from this disclosure. Similarly, other quick connect coupling mechanisms can be used, such as a hammer-lock connection. 
     As the bell nipple  100  can be configured in multiple ways, including pressure containment arrangements, the bell nipple  100 , the valve set  110 , and the extension sub  204  are rated for an expected well pressure. 
       FIG. 3  is an illustration of the convertible bell nipple  100  acting as a standard bell nipple. This configuration is often used during drilling operations when fluids and cuttings are circulated through the wellbore. In this configuration, the wellstack  300  includes the bell nipple  100  with its downhole end sealingly coupled to an uphole end of the BOP  102 . The uphole end of the bell nipple includes the ACME threads  108  (not shown) along an inner surface of the bell nipple  100 . The fluid conduit  112  defining the downward slope directs fluid from the bell nipple  100  to shaker tables  302  and other drilling fluid processing systems. The valve set  110  positioned in-line with the fluid conduit is configured to regulate fluid flow through the conduit  112 , for example, to prevent the bell nipple  100  from overflowing. 
     The wellstack  300  includes the thread saver at the uphole end of the bell nipple. The thread saver  202  protects the ACME threads  108  (not shown as they are covered by the thread saver  202 ) from impact, for example, from a drill pipe or similar work string. 
       FIG. 4  is an illustration of the convertible bell nipple  100  acting as a well tool adapter. In this configurations, the wellstack  400  includes an extension sub  204  coupled to the uphole end of the bell nipple  100 . The extension sub  204  mates with the bell nipple  100  by the ACME threads  108  and  208 . As illustrated, the extension sub  204  acts as the male portion of the threaded connection. At an uphole end of the extension sub  204 , a set of LTC threads  210  receives a well tool  402 , for example, a lubricator or wireline tool. The well tool  402  is sealingly engaged to the uphole end of the extension sub  204  by the LTC threads  210 . That is, the threaded connection  210  is rated for well pressure. In other words, little to no fluid leaks from the LTC or ACME threads once the components are fully engaged with one another. 
       FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a method  500  that can be used with aspects of this disclosure. At  502 , a bell nipple is received by a blow-out preventer. The bell nipple includes ACME threads along an interior surface of an uphole end of the bell nipple. That is, the bell nipple acts as the female portion of a potential threaded connection. At  504 , a thread saver is received by the bell nipple. In some implementations, an entirety of the ACME threads are covered by the thread saver. Regardless of the amount of coverage, the thread saver reduces the damage to the ACME threads potentially caused by drill pipes or other work strings that pass through the bell nipple. 
     During drilling operations, fluid is flowed through the bell nipple in an uphole direction, and fluid is then flowed from the bell nipple through a conduit sloping downhill from a vertical side of the bell nipple. Typically, the valve set  110  is closed during wireline or slickline operations. The valve set  110  can be actuated to help control the well if the need arises. 
     In the event that wireline or slickline operations are needed, at  506 , the thread saver is parted with, or separated from, the bell nipple. At  508 , an extension sub is received by the bell nipple. The extension sub threadingly engages with the ACME threads of the bell nipple. At  510 , a well tool is received by the extension sub. The well tool can be a wireline tool, a lubricator, or a similar tool that is exposed to well pressure. Well pressure is retained by the bell nipple, the extension sub, and the well tool during the wireline or slickline operations. 
     Once the wireline or slickline operations are completed, assuming that additional drilling operations remain, at  512 , the well tool and the extension sub are parted from the bell nipple. At  514 , the thread saver is received by the bell nipple. After the received by the bell nipple, drilling operations can resume. 
     While this disclosure contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features specific to particular implementations. Certain features that are described in this disclosure in the context of separate implementations can also be implemented in combination, in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination. 
     Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single product or packaged into multiple products. 
     Thus, particular implementations of the subject matter have been described. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results.