Patent Publication Number: US-2007102986-A1

Title: Modular chair

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
      This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 11/266,986, filed Nov. 4, 2005 and priority and the benefit of Ser. No. 11/266,986 is claimed in the present application to the extent the subject matter of this application is found in that previously filed application. The content of that application is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
      The present invention relates to furniture and in particular to an improved modular chair.  
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
      Modular furniture is a popular method of furnishing in places such as schools. Standard pieces of modular furniture include various components, some of which are similar, if not identical, that assemble together to form a piece of furniture, such as a chair. In the traditional arrangement, furniture, and even modular furniture, is bulky and takes up considerable space during transport, including shipment, and is thus costly to transport. Attempts to remedy this problem sometimes involve furniture kit assemblies that are difficult to assemble, often requiring one or more tools. Additionally, previous pieces often lacked the options of height adjustability and locking connecting mechanisms. There is a need for an improved modular chair assembly. Certain embodiments of the present invention address these and other needs.  
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
      In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises at least two interchangeable end pieces and at least a first middle piece, the middle piece selectively coupling to the end pieces to form a chair. Each end piece includes at least one slot. Two opposing sides of each middle piece include at least one self-locking tab. The self-locking tabs are received in the slots and lock to prevent disengagement of the middle pieces from the end pieces.  
      In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises a first end piece, a second end piece, a first middle piece, and a second middle piece. Each end piece preferably includes at least four slots. The first middle piece is positionable as a chair back and the second middle piece is positionable as a chair seat. Additionally, each of the middle pieces includes at least four self-locking tabs, two self-locking tabs each on two opposing sides of each middle piece. The middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces to form a chair. The coupling preferably includes the two self-locking tabs on the first side of the first middle piece and the two self-locking tabs on the first side of the second middle piece being received in the four slots of the first end piece. Additionally, the coupling preferably includes the two self-locking tabs on the second side of the first middle piece and the two self-locking tabs on the second side of the second middle piece being received in the four slots of the second end piece. In certain preferred embodiments, the middle pieces are interchangeable and the end pieces are interchangeable. In certain preferred embodiments, the end pieces and the middle pieces are plastic. In certain preferred embodiments, the end pieces include multiple slots to allow for height adjustability of the middle pieces.  
      In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly kit comprises at least two end pieces and at least two middle pieces. The kit includes a first middle piece positionable as a chair back and a second middle piece positionable as a chair seat. Each end piece includes slots for receiving self-locking tabs positioned on the middle pieces. Each middle piece includes at least two self-locking tabs, one tab each on opposing first and second sides. The middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces to form a chair, the coupling including the self-locking tabs received in the slots to selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces.  
      In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises at least two interchangeable end pieces, at least one middle piece, and at least two locking pieces. The middle piece selectively coupling to the end pieces, and the locking pieces selectively lock the middle piece to the end pieces, to form a chair. Each end piece includes at least one slot and two opposing sides of each middle piece include at least one tab defining a hole. Additionally, each locking piece includes at least one post having a detent mechanism. The tabs are received in the slots and the posts are received in the holes such that the detent mechanisms selectively lock the middle piece to the end pieces by preventing disengagement of the tabs from the slots.  
      In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises at least two interchangeable end pieces including a first end piece and a second end piece, at least two middle pieces including a first middle piece positionable as a chair back and a second middle piece positionable as a chair seat, and at least four locking pieces each having at least two posts with detent mechanisms. Each end piece includes at least four slots and each middle piece includes at least four tabs defining a hole, two of the tabs each on two opposing sides. The middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces via two tabs on a first side of the first middle piece and two tabs on a first side of the second middle piece received through the slots of the first end piece, and two tabs on a second side of the first middle piece and two tabs on a second side of the second middle piece received through the slots of the second end piece. Additionally, the locking pieces selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces via the posts received through the holes such that the detent mechanisms resiliently flex and revert to prevent disengagement of the tabs in the slots.  
      In even another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly kit consists essentially of at least two end pieces, at least two middle pieces including a chair seat and a chair back, and at least four locking pieces, interconnecting to form a chair. Each end piece includes at least four slots and each middle piece includes at least four tabs, each tab defining a hole and two of the tabs each on first and second opposing sides of the middle pieces. Additionally, each locking piece includes at least two posts each with a detent mechanism. The middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces and the locking pieces to form a chair. The selective coupling includes two tabs on a first side of the first middle piece and two tabs on a first side of the second middle piece received through the slots of the first end piece, and two tabs on a second side of the first middle piece and two tabs on a second side of the second middle piece received through the slots of the second end piece. Additionally, the selective coupling includes the posts received through the holes in the middle pieces such that the detent mechanisms lock the tabs in the slots.  
      It is an object of certain embodiments of the present invention to provide an improved chair assembly.  
      Further objects, features and advantages of the present invention shall become apparent from the detailed drawings and descriptions provided herein.  
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
       FIG. 2  is a front view of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1 .  
       FIG. 3A  is a top view of a component of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 1 .  
       FIG. 3B  is a side view of a portion of the component illustrated in  FIG. 3A .  
       FIG. 3C  is a side view of a portion of the component illustrated in  FIGS. 3A and 3B .  
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a component of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
       FIG. 5  is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
       FIG. 6  is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
       FIG. 7  is a side view of a component of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 6 .  
       FIG. 8  is a top view of a component of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 6 .  
       FIG. 9  is a front view of the component illustrated in  FIG. 8 .  
       FIG. 10  is a perspective view of a component of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 6 .  
       FIG. 11  is a bottom view of the component illustrated in  FIG. 10 .  
       FIG. 12A  is a partial cross-sectional, side view of a portion of the components illustrated in  FIG. 6  at a first position.  
       FIG. 12B  is a partial cross-sectional, side view of a portion of the components illustrated in  FIG. 6  at a second position.  
       FIG. 12C  is a partial cross-sectional, side view of a portion of the components illustrated in  FIG. 6  at a third position.  
       FIG. 13  is a perspective view of yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.  
       FIG. 14  is an exploded perspective view of the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 13 .  
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
      While the present invention may be embodied in many different forms, for the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended. Any alterations and further modifications in the described embodiments, and any further applications of the principles of the invention as described herein are contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.  
      Illustrated in the accompanying figures is a modular chair assembly including connecting mechanisms. In certain embodiments, the chair assembly is a kit which can be easily shipped and assembled. In certain embodiments, the kit includes four pieces, two interchangeable end pieces and two interchangeable middle pieces, one middle piece for a chair seat and one middle piece for a chair back. The connecting mechanisms are tab and slot arrangements allowing for assembly or adjustment of the chair without the use of tools. The assembly provides for easier shipping, storage, assembly and disassembly of the chair.  
      In one embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises at least two end pieces and at least one middle piece. The middle pieces selectively couple via connecting mechanisms to the end pieces. In certain preferred embodiments, the connecting mechanisms are tab and slot arrangements. The middle pieces each include at least two tabs, with at least two sides of each middle piece having at least one tab. The end pieces each include at least two slots configured to receive the tabs on the middle pieces. In such embodiments, the middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces, with the tabs being received in the slots to selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces. In certain embodiments, the modular chair is sized and configured to accommodate children.  
       FIG. 1  illustrates a modular chair  10  including middle pieces  12  connected to end pieces  14 . In the illustrated embodiment, there are two middle pieces and two end pieces. The middle pieces consist of a chair seat  12   a  and a chair back  12   b . The middle pieces are configured to selectively couple with two end pieces  14   a  and  14   b  to form the modular chair. The middle pieces are connected to the end pieces through tab and slot arrangements  20 . The tab and slot arrangements connect the middle pieces to the end pieces to form the modular chair. Each arrangement  20  includes a tab  22  received in a slot  24 . In certain embodiments, the tabs are configured to lock, preventing disengagement of the middle pieces from the end pieces.  
       FIG. 2  is a front view of modular chair  10 , including two middle pieces  12  and two end pieces  14 . As illustrated, the chair seat and the chair back are generally perpendicular to the end pieces and generally perpendicular to each other, with chair seat  12   a  positioned generally horizontal and chair back  12   b  positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position. In certain embodiments, chair seat  12   a  and chair back  12   b  are slightly contoured to make the modular chair more comfortable. Additionally, the end pieces  14  are positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position. As illustrated, tabs  22  extend through slots  24  in the end pieces to connect the middle pieces to the end pieces to form the modular chair. In certain embodiments, the tabs lock to prevent disengagement of the middle pieces from the end pieces.  
       FIG. 3A  illustrates an example middle piece  12 . In preferred embodiments, the middle pieces are interchangeable and identical, with the illustrated middle piece being positionable as either the chair seat or the chair back. In certain embodiments, the middle pieces are substantially similar in configuration. In less preferred embodiments, the middle pieces are different in shape and configuration.  
      In the illustrated embodiment, the middle piece includes two opposite sides, each having two tabs. However, it should be appreciated that the tabs can be positioned differently on the middle piece as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In the illustrated embodiments, the middle pieces are generally rectangular in shape with curved or rounded corners. Additionally, the middle pieces are preferably of generally uniform thickness. However, it is contemplated that the middle pieces can be shaped differently as would occur to one skilled in the art.  
      In preferred embodiments, middle piece  12  includes two opposing sides  42  and  44 , with two tabs  22  positioned on each side  42  and  44 . Tabs  22  can number more or less than four per middle piece. The more tabs  22  per side of middle piece  12  and/or depending on tab spacing, generally the more stable the connection will be between the middle pieces and the end pieces. In some embodiments, the two remaining opposite sides  46  and  48  are slightly curved, as illustrated. Opposing sides  46  and  48  form a front and rear of a seat, or a top and bottom of a back, although the pieces may be reversible. In some embodiments, the curvature of sides  46  and  48  is for decorative and/or comfort purposes.  
      In certain embodiments, middle piece  12  includes extension portions  40  positioned between the tabs with one extension portion  40  on each side  42  and  44 . In such embodiments, the extension portions encourage a flush or gap-free fit with the end pieces. In some embodiments, the tabs are permanently integrated with the middle pieces. In other embodiments, the tabs can be selectively attached to the middle pieces in a manner as would generally occur to one skilled in the art.  
       FIG. 3B  illustrates a side view of a tab  22  received in a slot  24 . In preferred embodiments, the outer dimension of each tab is substantially equal to or slightly smaller than the dimensions of the corresponding slot to permit insertion of the tabs in the slots. Further, in preferred embodiments, the tabs extend through the thickness of the end pieces when inserted in the slots. The tabs and slots are preferably rectangular in cross-sectional shape.  
      In preferred embodiments, tabs  22  are self-locking tabs, each including a base piece portion  28 , an extended flap piece  32 , and a hinge  35  positioned therebetween. The base piece portion preferably includes an opening  30  and the extended flap piece preferably includes a tang  34  to be at least partially received in opening  30 . The extended flap piece is configured to fold over onto the base piece portion, as illustrated in  FIG. 3C , and to lock to the tab to prevent disengagement of the middle piece from the end piece. Alternately, a flap piece can fold under. In certain preferred embodiments, the tang is friction fit and/or biased and/or resilient in a manner such that the tang is encouraged to lock into a position in the opening. In certain embodiments, the tang hooks into the opening to lock the tab. In some embodiments, the tang snap fits into the opening. The flap piece can be separate; however, it is contemplated that for ease of use the extended flap piece is connected with the base piece portion.  
      When the flap piece is folded over to contact the base piece portion, the tab is locked and thus prevented from backing out of the slot, and thus configured to prevent disengagement of the middle piece from the end piece. In certain preferred embodiments, a cross-sectional dimension of the tab, for example the height, when the flap piece is folded over, is larger than a corresponding cross-sectional dimension of the slot. In alternative embodiments, a flap piece folds sideways to increase the width of the tab to prevent backout of the tab from the slot.  
       FIG. 4  illustrates an end piece  140  similar in shape and function to end pieces  14 . End pieces  14  and  140  can share common characteristics such as dimensions, including width and height, shape, and material composition, to name a few examples. In some embodiments, end pieces  14  and  140  both have a generally uniform thickness.  
      End piece  140  includes an outer side  140   a  and an inner side  140   b  labeled here for convenience. In certain preferred embodiments, outer side  140   a  is identical to inner side  140   b . In the illustrated embodiment ( FIG. 5 ), the inner sides are contacting the middle pieces. End piece  140  includes an upper portion  142 , a middle portion  144 , and a lower portion  146 . In certain embodiments, the upper portion is elongated and the lower portion includes an arcuate shape. The lower portion is preferably configured to provide support to the end piece. Slots  124  in end pieces  140  are configured to receive tabs, such as tabs  22 , to connect the middle pieces, such as middle pieces  12  discussed above, to end pieces  140 .  
      In certain preferred embodiments, slots  124  collectively include an upper slot group  124   a , a middle slot group  124   b , and a lower slot group  124   c . Upper slot group  124   a  is positioned on upper portion  142 , middle slot group  124   b  is positioned on middle portion  144 , and lower group  124   c  is positioned on lower portion  146 . Upper slot group  124   a  receives tabs on a middle portion positioned as a chair back  12   b . Middle slot group  124   b  receives tabs on a middle portion positioned as a chair seat  12   a . Lower slot group  124   c  can optionally receive tabs from a chair accessory or other such optional component.  
      In the illustrated embodiment, the upper slot group includes three slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair back at two different positions. In the illustrated embodiment, the middle slot group includes six slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair seat at three different positions. However, it should be appreciated that the slots can number more or less than the quantity illustrated, providing varying levels of adjustability of the middle pieces.  
      In certain embodiments, slots  124  include reinforcing flanges  126  extending from end pieces  140  on the interior and/or exterior sides. The flange areas can be a result of formation of the end pieces using molded plastic techniques. The flanges generally provide greater support to the end pieces and stability at the joints between the end pieces and the middle pieces. The flanges cooperate with extension portions  40  of middle pieces  12 , preferably forming a flush fit between the middle pieces and the end pieces. In preferred embodiments, the flanges extend into a space between the extension portions and the tabs when the middle pieces connect to the end pieces to form a modular chair.  
      Slots  124  are designed to receive tabs to selectively couple the middle pieces to the end pieces. The slots are generally rectangular in shape, corresponding to the generally rectangular shape of the tabs. It is contemplated that slots and tabs of other shapes, dimensions, and configurations are possible.  
       FIG. 5  illustrates a modular chair  100  including middle pieces  12  and end pieces  140 . Slots  124  in end pieces  140  cooperate with tabs on the middle portions to create tab and slot arrangements  120 . Arrangements  120  are operable to selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces to form modular chair  100 . Modular chair  100  is similar in shape, configuration and function to modular chair  10 . Additionally, arrangement  120  is similar in configuration and function to tab and slot arrangement  20  previously described.  
      The end pieces are positioned such that the inner sides of the end pieces face the middle pieces, as illustrated. In certain embodiments, outer sides  140   a  and inner sides  140   b  are identical. The end pieces of modular chair  100  include multiple slots to allow for height adjustment of the middle pieces. In the illustrated embodiment, the chair seat can be positioned at three different height levels in conjunction with the six slots in the middle slot group, and the chair back can be positioned at two different height levels according to the three slots in the upper slot group.  
      In preferred embodiments, the components of the modular chairs are formed in blow-molded or injected molded plastic. In other embodiments, the components can be made from metal, rubber or other types of plastic. In less preferred embodiments, the components can be made from wood. However, it should be appreciated that other materials can be used as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In certain preferred embodiments, the edges of the components of the modular chairs are generally rounded to protect users of the modular chairs, which can include children.  
      Referring general to  FIGS. 1-5 , the assembly of chairs  10  and  100  is described hereafter. In one preferred embodiment, a modular chair assembly is provided as a kit containing four pieces, two end pieces and two middle pieces. Alternatively, the chair assembly is provided as kit containing three pieces, two end pieces and one middle piece. The modular chair assembly provides for easier and more cost-effective shipment for example in a substantially flat package, and easier assembly of the chair, preferably without tools. In certain embodiments, the components of the modular chair assembly kit are sized to accommodate a child as a user of the chair.  
      The four piece kit can be assembled to form a modular chair. To assemble a modular chair such as chair  10  and chair  100 , tabs disposed on the middle pieces are inserted into slots in the end pieces. In preferred embodiments, the extended flap pieces of the tabs are folded over onto the base piece portions so that the tangs connect with the openings in the base piece portions, thereby locking the tabs. Locking the tabs prevents disengagement of the tabs from the slots, such as the tabs sliding out of the slots and/or the tabs rotating within the slots. However, it should be appreciated that other appropriate mechanisms could be used to prevent backout of the tabs from the slots.  
      The tab and slot arrangements connect the middle pieces to the end pieces forming a modular chair without the use of tools to assemble the chair. In preferred embodiments, the arrangements are configured to lock the middle pieces to the end pieces. As previously described, the two end pieces are positioned generally vertical and parallel to each other. The chair seat is positioned generally horizontal and perpendicular to the chair back, which is positioned generally vertical. In embodiments having multiple slots, the chair seat and the chair back can be positioned at desired heights using the multiple slots.  
      In alternative embodiments, the middle pieces include one tab each on two opposing sides to be received in slots in the end pieces. The single tabs per side can be similar in size to the illustrated tabs  22 , or smaller or wider as would occur to one skilled in the art. In alternative embodiments, the end pieces and the middle pieces are connectable to other end pieces and middle pieces to form various other types of modular furniture, including tables, desks, bookcases, and other such furniture pieces. In alternative embodiments, a kit includes three end pieces and four middle pieces, to form a piece of furniture having two chairs sharing a common end piece. In alternative embodiments, the middle pieces are wider than the illustrated middle pieces  12 , to form a bench when assembled together with two end pieces.  
      In another embodiment of the present invention, a chair assembly comprises at least two end pieces, at least one middle piece, and at least two locking pieces. The middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces, and the locking pieces selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces, to form a chair. In certain preferred embodiments, the middle pieces and the end pieces connect via tab and slot arrangements. The middle pieces each include at least two tabs, with at least two sides of each middle piece having at least one tab. The end pieces each include at least two slots configured to receive the tabs on the middle pieces. In such embodiments, the middle pieces selectively couple to the end pieces, with the tabs being received in the slots to selectively connect the middle pieces to the end pieces. Additionally, the locking pieces include posts with detent mechanisms configured to be received in holes defined in the tabs of the middle pieces to thereby selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces. In certain embodiments, the modular chair is sized and configured to accommodate children.  
       FIG. 6  illustrates a modular chair  200  including middle pieces  220  connected to end pieces  240 . In the illustrated embodiment, there are two middle pieces and two end pieces. The middle pieces include a chair seat  220   a  and a chair back  220   b . The middle pieces are configured to selectively couple with two end pieces  240   a  and  240   b  to form the modular chair. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, there are four locking pieces  260  to selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces, with locking pieces  260   a  and  260   b  connecting to middle piece  220   b , and locking pieces  260   c  and  260   d  connecting to middle piece  220   a . The middle pieces are coupled with the end pieces through tab and slot arrangements, and the locking pieces are coupled with the middle pieces through post and hole arrangements. The arrangements, as will be discussed below, selectively connect and lock the pieces together to form the modular chair.  
      As illustrated, the chair seat and the chair back are generally perpendicular to the end pieces and generally perpendicular to each other, with chair seat  220   a  positioned generally horizontal and chair back  220   b  positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position. Additionally, end pieces  240  are positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position.  
       FIG. 7  illustrates an end piece  240  similar in shape and function to end pieces  14  and  140 . End pieces  14 ,  140  and  240  can share common characteristics such as dimensions, including width and height, shape, and material composition, to name a few examples. In some embodiments, end pieces  240  have a generally uniform thickness, similar to end pieces  14  and  140 .  
      End piece  240  includes an outer side  240   a  and an inner side  240   b  labeled here for convenience. In certain preferred embodiments, outer side  240   a  is identical to inner side  240   b . In the illustrated embodiment ( FIG. 6 ), the inner sides are contacting the middle pieces. End piece  240  includes an upper portion  242 , a middle portion  244 , and a lower portion  246 . In certain embodiments, the upper portion is elongated and the lower portion includes an arcuate shape. The lower portion is preferably configured to provide support to the end piece. Slots  248  in end pieces  240  are configured to receive middle piece tabs (see  FIG. 8 ) to selectively couple the middle pieces to the end pieces.  
      In certain preferred embodiments, slots  248  collectively include an upper slot group  248   a  and a middle slot group  248   b . Upper slot group  248   a  is positioned on upper portion  242  and middle slot group  248   b  is positioned on middle portion  244 . Upper slot group  248   a  receives tabs on a middle piece positioned as a chair back. Middle slot group  248   b  receives tabs on a middle piece positioned as a chair seat. In certain embodiments, end pieces  240  can optionally include a lower slot group (not shown) positioned on lower portion  246  to optionally receive tabs from a chair accessory or other such component.  
      In certain embodiments, slots  248  can be positioned in end pieces  240  in sets of two, including a larger slot  248   c  adjacent a smaller slot  248   d , as illustrated. In such embodiments, the smaller and larger slots receive corresponding smaller and larger tabs on the middle pieces to properly position the middle pieces in desired orientations relative to the end pieces. However, it should be appreciated that the slots can be grouped and/or shaped and sized differently as would occur to one skilled in the art.  
      In the illustrated embodiment, the upper slot group includes four slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair back at two different height positions. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the middle slot group includes six slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair seat at three different height positions. However, it should be appreciated that the slots can number more or less than the quantity illustrated, providing varying levels of adjustability of the middle pieces. The slots are generally rectangular in shape, corresponding to the generally rectangular shape of the tabs (see  FIGS. 8 and 9 ). It is contemplated that slots and tabs of other shapes, dimensions, and configurations are possible.  
      In certain embodiments, the slots can include reinforcing flanges (not shown) extending from the end pieces on the inner and/or outer sides. The flange areas can be a result of formation of the end pieces using molded plastic techniques. The flanges generally provide greater support to the end pieces and stability at the joints between the end pieces and the middle pieces.  
       FIG. 8  illustrates an example middle piece  220 . In preferred embodiments, middle pieces  220  are interchangeable and identical, with the illustrated middle piece being positionable as either the chair seat or the chair back. In certain embodiments, middle pieces  220  are substantially similar in configuration. In less preferred embodiments, middle pieces  220  are different in shape and configuration.  
      In preferred embodiments, middle piece  220  includes a central portion with an interior surface  222  and an exterior surface  224 , and two opposing edges or sides  252  and  254 , with two tabs  250  positioned on each side  252  and  254 . Tabs  250  can number more or less than four per middle piece. The more tabs  250  per side of middle piece  220  and/or depending on tab spacing, generally the more stable the connection will be between the middle pieces and the end pieces. Additionally, it should be appreciated that the tabs can be positioned at different locations on the middle piece as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the tabs are permanently integrated with the middle pieces. In other embodiments, the tabs can be selectively attached to the middle pieces in a manner as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In the illustrated embodiment, the two remaining opposite edges or sides  256  and  258  are slightly curved. In some embodiments, the curvature of sides  256  and  258  is for decorative and/or comfort purposes.  
      In the illustrated embodiment, tabs  250  include larger tabs  250   a  and smaller tabs  250   b , corresponding to larger slots  248   c  and smaller slots  248   d , respectively. As illustrated, each side  252  and  254  of middle piece  220  can include one larger tab and one smaller tab to correspond to the sets of one larger slot and one smaller slot in the end pieces. In certain embodiments, tabs  250  each define a hole  251 . In the illustrated embodiment, holes  251  are generally oval in shape and approximately centered in tabs  250 . However, it should be appreciated that holes  251  can be shaped, sized, and positioned differently as would occur to one skilled in the art.  
      The proper connection of larger tabs within larger slots and smaller tabs within larger slots ensures the proper positioning of the middle piece at the desired orientation relative to the end pieces. In such embodiments, side  256  is the rear of a chair seat and the bottom of a chair back, side  258  is the front of a chair seat or the top of a chair back, and interior surface  222  faces toward the chair&#39;s seating area and exterior surface  224  faces outside the chair&#39;s seating area. Middle piece  220  includes a width W 1  at side  256  and a width W 2  at side  258 . In the illustrated embodiment, middle piece  220  includes a decreasing width such that width W 1  is greater than width W 2  and includes curved or rounded corners. Additionally, the middle pieces are preferably of generally uniform thickness. It is contemplated that the middle pieces can be shaped differently as would occur to one skilled in the art, such as generally rectangular in shape. In certain embodiments, when the modular chair is assembled the end pieces can be positioned such that they are angled toward each other when they are positioned flush against sides  252  and  254 , corresponding to the decreasing width of the illustrated middle piece. In certain other embodiments, when the modular chair is assembled the end pieces and/or middle pieces can be configured such that the end pieces are positioned generally parallel to each other despite the decreasing width of the illustrated middle piece.  
       FIG. 9  illustrates a front view of a middle piece  220 . In certain embodiments, middle pieces  220  are slightly contoured to make the modular chair more comfortable. As illustrated, interior surface  222  can include a generally concave configuration and exterior surface  224  can include a corresponding generally convex configuration. The contour of the middle pieces can provide comfort to an individual seated in modular chair  200 .  
      Tabs  250  can extend through slots  248  in end pieces  240  to connect middle pieces  220  to end pieces  240  to form modular chair  200 . In certain embodiments, larger tabs  250   a  are configured to be received in larger slots  248   c  and smaller tabs  250   b  are configured to be received in smaller slots  248   d . When assembled, the tab holes are arranged on the opposite side of the respective end piece from the middle piece central portion. Thereafter, locking pieces  260  can be used to selectively lock tabs  250  in slots  248 , to thereby selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces.  
       FIG. 10  illustrates an example locking piece  260  having an exterior side  262 , an interior side  264 , a top side  266 , and bottom side  268 . In the illustrated embodiment, the exterior and top sides are generally closed and the interior and bottom sides are generally open. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the interior sides are configured to be positioned adjacent the outer sides of the end pieces. In the illustrated embodiment, top side  266  includes access holes  272  for accessing the posts and detent mechanisms ( FIG. 11 ) within locking pieces  260 . It should be appreciated that access holes  272  can number more or less than two, be absent, and/or be shaped, sized and positioned differently as would occur to one skilled in the art. As illustrated, the locking pieces include a generally rectangular configuration; however, it is contemplated that the locking pieces can be shaped and sized differently as would occur to one skilled in the art. Additionally, in certain embodiments, locking piece  260  can include rounded edges or corners, such as rounded corners  270 .  
       FIG. 11  is a view of bottom side  268  of locking piece  260 , illustrating posts  280  having detent mechanisms  282 . Posts  280 , along with detent mechanisms  282 , are configured to be inserted in holes  251  of middle pieces  220  to selectively lock the middle pieces to the end pieces. However, it should be appreciated that other appropriate selective locking mechanisms could be used to prevent backout of the idle piece tabs from the end piece slots. In certain embodiments, locking piece  260  operates to lock two tabs on one opposing side of a middle piece in two adjacent slots in an end piece substantially simultaneously. Detent mechanisms  282  can include angled or slanted introductory surfaces  282   a  to assist in the insertion of posts  280  in holes  251 .  FIG. 11  illustrates two posts on one locking piece, however it should be appreciated that the posts can number more or less than two as would occur to one skilled in the art. Additionally, it is contemplated that one locking piece can be used per middle piece tab, such that each locking piece includes one post having a detent mechanism. For example, for a middle piece having four total tabs, two on each opposing side, four locking pieces could be used to secure the middle piece to end pieces.  
      In certain embodiments, locking pieces  260  are configured such that when modular chair  200  is assembled, an edge of top side  266  meets flush with outer sides  240   a  of end pieces  240 . In such embodiments, posts  280  having detent mechanisms  282  are substantially concealed such that a child cannot easily access the posts and/or unlock the posts from the holes in the middle pieces to disassemble the chair. Additionally, the arrangement of the locking pieces substantially flush with outer sides of the end pieces eliminates gaps for a child&#39;s fingers to be inserted, possible resulting in injury to the child&#39;s fingers.  
       FIGS. 12A-12C  illustrate steps to selectively lock a tab  250  of a middle piece  220  in a slot  248  of an end piece  240  with a locking piece  260 . Additionally,  FIGS. 12A-12C  illustrate an example tab  280  having an example detent mechanism  282 . Detent mechanism  282  can include introductory surface  282   a  and top surface  282   b . In  FIG. 12A , detent mechanism  282  is in a neutral position. In  FIG. 12B , post  280  is passing through hole  251  and detent mechanism  282  is in a compressed position such that detent mechanism is resiliently flexing toward post  280 . During insertion of tab  280  into slot  251 , detent mechanism  282  is configured to resiliently bend or compress, as shown in  FIG. 12B , inward into post  280 . In certain embodiments, introductory surface  282   a  is angled or slanted to assist in the insertion of post  280  in hole  251  and assist in the flexing of detent mechanism  282  toward post  280 . As illustrated in  FIG. 12C , once post  280  has been inserted a sufficient distance into hole  251 , detent mechanism  282  resiliently reverts to its neutral position. In such a position, top surface  282   b  is configured to contact and engage a lower surface of tab  250  to selectively lock tab  250  in slot  248 . In certain embodiments, top surface  282   b  is generally flat to prevent disengagement of the post from the hole and thereby prevent disengagement of the tab from the slot.  
      Referring generally to  FIGS. 6-12B , the assembly of chair  200  is described hereafter. In one preferred embodiment, a modular chair assembly is provided as a kit containing eight total pieces, two end pieces, two middle pieces and four locking pieces. Alternatively, the chair assembly is provided as a kit containing at least five total pieces, two end pieces, one middle piece and two locking pieces. A second middle piece and corresponding locking pieces can optionally be added. Similar to chairs  10  and  100 , the assembly for modular chair  200  provides for easier and more cost-effective shipment for example in a substantially flat package, and easier assembly of the chair, preferably without tools. In certain embodiments, the components of the assembly kit for modular chair  200  are sized to accommodate a child as a user of the chair.  
      As one example, the eight piece kit can be assembled to form a modular chair, such as chair  200 . Tabs disposed on the middle pieces are inserted into slots in the end pieces. In preferred embodiments, the locking pieces are advanced adjacent the outer sides of the end pieces, such that the posts of the locking pieces are inserted through the holes defined in the tabs on the middle pieces. During insertion, the detent mechanisms resiliently flex to assist in the passage of the posts in the holes. Once the posts of the locking pieces are sufficiently inserted, the detent mechanisms resiliently revert to selectively lock the posts in the corresponding holes, thereby locking the middle pieces to the end pieces. The posts with detent mechanisms prevent disengagement of the tabs of the middle pieces from the slots of the end pieces, such as the tabs sliding out of the slots and/or the tabs rotating within the slots.  
      The tab and slot arrangements and post in hole arrangements selectively connect and lock the middle pieces to the end pieces forming a modular chair without the use of tools to assemble the chair. In embodiments having multiple slots, the chair seat and the chair back can be positioned at desired heights using the multiple slots. In alternative embodiments, the middle pieces include one tab each on two opposing sides to be received in slots in the end pieces. In alternative embodiments, the end pieces, middle pieces and locking pieces (described herein as forming modular chair  200 ) are connectable to other end pieces, middle pieces and locking pieces to form various other types of modular furniture, including benches, tables, desks, bookcases, and other such furniture pieces.  
      In another embodiment of the present invention, a modular chair  300  includes middle pieces, such as a chair back  320  and a chair seat  322 , connected to end pieces  340 . The chair back and chair seat are configured to selectively couple with two end pieces  240   a  and  240   b  to form the modular chair. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, there are four locking pieces  260  to selectively lock the chair back and char seat to the end pieces, with locking pieces  260   a  and  260   b  connecting to chair back  320 , and locking pieces  260   c  and  260   d  connecting to chair seat  322 . The chair back and chair seat are coupled with the end pieces through tab and slot arrangements, and the locking pieces are coupled with the chair back and chair seat through post and hole arrangements. The arrangements, as will be discussed below, selectively connect and lock the pieces together to form the modular chair.  
      As illustrated, the chair seat and the chair back are generally perpendicular to the end pieces and generally perpendicular to each other, with chair seat  322  positioned generally horizontal and chair back  320  positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position. Additionally, end pieces  340  are positioned generally vertical when the modular chair is in an upright position.  
       FIG. 13  is an exploded view of modular chair  300 , illustrating the various components of the modular chair assembly. For example,  FIG. 13  illustrates end pieces  340  similar in shape and function to end pieces  14 ,  140  and  240 . End pieces  14 ,  140 ,  240  and  340  can share common characteristics such as dimensions, including width and height, shape, and material composition, to name a few examples. In some embodiments, end pieces  340  have a generally uniform thickness, similar to end pieces  14 ,  140  and  240 . Additionally, end pieces  340  includes slots  348  configured to receive tabs on the chair seat and chair back to selectively couple the chair seat and chair back to the end pieces.  
      In certain preferred embodiments, slots  348  collectively include an upper slot group  348   a  and a middle slot group  348   b . Upper slot group  348   a  receives tabs on chair back  320 . Middle slot group  348   b  receives tabs on chair seat  322 . In certain embodiments, end pieces  240  can optionally include a lower slot group (not shown) to optionally receive tabs from a chair accessory or other such component. In the illustrated embodiment, slots  348  are of identical size and shape. However, it should be appreciated that the slots can be grouped and/or shaped and sized differently as would occur to one skilled in the art.  
      In the illustrated embodiment, the upper slot group includes three slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair back at two different height positions. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, the middle slot group includes four slots, which allows for optional positioning of the chair seat at two different height positions. However, it should be appreciated that the slots can number more or less than the quantity illustrated, providing varying levels of adjustability of the chair back and chair seat. The slots are generally rectangular in shape, corresponding to the generally rectangular shape of the tabs. It is contemplated that slots and tabs of other shapes, dimensions, and configurations are possible.  
      In certain embodiments, the slots can include reinforcing flanges (not shown) extending from the end pieces on the inner and/or outer sides. The flange areas can be a result of formation of the end pieces using molded plastic techniques. The flanges generally provide greater support to the end pieces and stability at the joints between the end pieces and the chair seat and chair back.  
      In the embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , each of chair back  320  and chair seat  322  two tabs  350  positioned on each side of the component, with four total tabs per each of the chair back and chair seat. It is contemplated that tabs  350  can number more or less than four. Additionally, it should be appreciated that the tabs can be positioned at different locations on the chair seat and chair back as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In some embodiments, the tabs are permanently integrated with the chair seat and chair back. In other embodiments, the tabs can be selectively attached to the middle pieces in a manner as would generally occur to one skilled in the art. In certain embodiments, tabs  350  each define a hole  351 . In the illustrated embodiment, holes  351  are generally oval in shape and approximately centered in tabs  350 . However, it should be appreciated that holes  351  can be shaped, sized, and positioned differently as would occur to one skilled in the art.  
      As illustrated in  FIGS. 13 and 14 , chair back  320  and chair seat  322  are different in shape and configuration. More specifically, chair back  320  is larger than chair seat  322  and further includes a tapered width. Chair back  320  includes opposing side surfaces  352  and  354 , top surface  356  having a width W 1  and bottom surface  358  having a width W 2 . In the illustrated embodiment, chair back  320  includes an increasing width such that width W 1  is less than width W 2  and includes curved or rounded corners. Additionally, the chair seat and chair back are preferably of generally uniform thickness. It is contemplated that the chair seat and chair back can be shaped differently as would occur to one skilled in the art. In certain embodiments, when the modular chair is assembled the end pieces can be positioned such that they are angled toward each other when they are positioned flush against sides  352  and  354 , corresponding to the increasing width of the illustrated chair back. In certain other embodiments, when the modular chair is assembled the end pieces and/or chair back and chair seat can be configured such that the end pieces are positioned generally parallel to each other despite the decreasing width of the illustrated chair back. Additionally, in the illustrated embodiment, chair seat  322  is slightly contoured to make the modular chair more comfortable. In certain embodiments, chair back  320  is also slightly contoured. The contour of the chair back and chair seat can provide comfort to an individual seated in modular chair  300 .  
      Tabs  350  can extend through slots  348  in end pieces  340  to connect chair back  320  and chair seat  322  to end pieces  340  to form modular chair  300 . When assembled, the tab holes are arranged on the opposite side of the respective end piece from the central portions of the chair back and chair seat. Thereafter, similar to assembly of modular chair  200 , locking pieces  260  can be used to selectively lock tabs  350  in slots  348 , to thereby selectively lock the chair back and chair seat to the end pieces, in a manner as described above in connection with modular chair  200 . As described above, each locking piece  260  includes at least two posts having detent mechanisms to be inserted into holes  351  to selectively lock the chair back and chair seat to the end pieces. However, it should be appreciated that other appropriate selective locking mechanisms could be used to prevent backout of the tabs on the chair back and chair seat from the slots in the end pieces. In certain embodiments, locking piece  260  operates to lock two tabs on one opposing side of a chair back or chair seat in two adjacent slots in an end piece substantially simultaneously.  
      In certain embodiments, locking pieces  260  are configured such that when modular chair  300  is assembled, an edge of the top side of the locking piece meets flush with outer sides of the end pieces. In such embodiments, the posts having detent mechanisms are substantially concealed such that a child cannot easily access the posts and/or unlock the posts from the holes in the chair back and chair seat to disassemble the chair. Additionally, the arrangement of the locking pieces substantially flush with outer sides of the end pieces eliminates gaps for a child&#39;s fingers to be inserted, possible resulting in injury to the child&#39;s fingers.  
      Referring generally to  FIGS. 13 and 14 , the assembly of chair  300  is described hereafter. In one preferred embodiment, a modular chair assembly is provided as a kit containing eight total pieces, two end pieces, a chair back, a chair seat, and four locking pieces. Alternatively, the chair assembly is provided as a kit containing at least five total pieces, two end pieces, a chair seat and two locking pieces. A chair back and corresponding locking pieces can optionally be added. Similar to chairs  10 ,  100  and  200 , the assembly for modular chair  300  provides for easier and more cost-effective shipment for example in a substantially flat package, and easier assembly of the chair, preferably without tools. In certain embodiments, the components of the assembly kit for modular chair  300  are sized to accommodate a child as a user of the chair.  
      As one example, the eight piece kit can be assembled to form a modular chair, such as chair  300 . Tabs disposed on the chair back and chair seat are inserted into slots in the end pieces. In preferred embodiments, the locking pieces are advanced adjacent the outer sides of the end pieces, such that the posts of the locking pieces are inserted through the holes defined in the tabs on the chair back and chair seat. During insertion, the detent mechanisms resiliently flex to assist in the passage of the posts in the holes. Once the posts of the locking pieces are sufficiently inserted, the detent mechanisms resiliently revert to selectively lock the posts in the corresponding holes, thereby locking the chair back and chair seat to the end pieces. The posts with detent mechanisms prevent disengagement of the tabs from the slots, such as the tabs sliding out of the slots and/or the tabs rotating within the slots.  
      The tab and slot arrangements and post in hole arrangements selectively connect and lock the chair back and chair seat to the end pieces forming a modular chair without the use of tools to assemble the chair. In embodiments having multiple slots, the chair seat and the chair back can be positioned at desired heights using the multiple slots. In alternative embodiments, the chair seat and chair back can each include one tab each on two opposing sides to be received in slots in the end pieces. In alternative embodiments, the end pieces, the chair back, the chair seat and locking pieces (described herein as forming modular chair  300 ) are connectable to other end pieces, chair backs, chair seats and locking pieces to form various other types of modular furniture, including benches, tables, desks, bookcases, and other such furniture pieces.  
      While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only the preferred embodiment has been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the invention are desired to be protected.