Patent Publication Number: US-10773372-B2

Title: Scale attachment system for knife with removable scales

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure pertains to a scale attachment system for knives with interchangeable scales. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A knife is a tool with a cutting edge or blade. Knives of different types, designs, and for different uses have been developed, such as kitchen knives (e.g., paring knives, carving knives, and/or chefs knives), or other types of knives which can be used as a tool or weapon (e.g., a pocket knife, scalpel, switchblade, utility knife, and/or hunting knife). A knife typically has a blade and a handle, the handle generally being formed by two pieces of material (e.g., from wood or resin), referred to as the scales, that provide a comfortable grip for the user. Knives typically fall into two categories based on the configuration of the blade with respect to the handle, namely fixed blade knives and folding knives. Fixed blade knives do not fold and generally include a tang extending from the blade into the handle. The tang may be a full tang (extending the full length and width of the handle) or a partial tang (extending only a portion of the length and/or width of the handle). In contrast, folding knives are typically designed so that the blade pivots about a blade pivot located near the hilt, allowing the blade to be secured into the space between the scales. 
     Knife scales can be made of wood, metal, resin or any suitable composite material. In the case of a fixed blade knife, the scales are placed on the opposite sides of the metal tang and typically fixedly attached thereto with pins, rivets, or glue. In conventional knife making, the two pieces of material for the scales are first secured to the tang and then subsequently shaped into the desired shape of the scales to form the handle. Most commonly, the scales of the knife are attached to the tang with rivets and thus, the scales are not removable. Knives with removable scales have been developed and such knives typically use one or more removable fasteners (e.g., screws) in place of the rivets to affix the scale to the handle. However, knives with removable scales of conventional design may provide sub-optimal performance, e.g., with the handle having too much free play relative to blade as compared to a permanently affixed handle. Thus, designers and users of knives continue to seek improvements, both functional and aesthetic, to the art of knife making. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to a knife and a scale attachment system for attaching removable scales to a knife. 
     The present disclosure describes examples of a scale attachment systems for a knife having a blade and a handle defined, at least in part, by a pair of scales removably attached to the blade, the scale attachment system comprising a plurality of U-shaped clips, each of the plurality of U-shaped clips configured to be received in a pair of corresponding grooves on opposite sides of the handle. 
     In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a knife having a handle includes a blade having a blade edge and a spine, first and second opposing scales removably coupled to the blade and provided in a spaced apart arrangement such that they are located on opposite sides of the blade, wherein each of the first and second scales includes a plurality of grooves formed on an outwardly-facing side of the scale, and a scale attachment system comprising a plurality of clips, each having a first portion received in a respective groove of the first scale, a second portion received in a respective groove of the second scale, and a connecting portion joining the first and second portions and which extends transversely across the spine side of the handle. 
     In accordance with further embodiments, a with a handle having at least one removable scale includes a blade having a blade edge and a spine, a tang integrally formed with the blade, the tang having a grip side, a spine side, and opposite first and second tang sides, extending between the grip side and the spine side, a first scale and a second scale, each disposed on and coextensive with at least a portion of the respective one of the first and second tang sides, and a scale attachment system for removably attaching the first and second scales to the tang, the scale attachment system comprising a plurality of clips, each having a first portion received in a respective groove in the first scale, a second portion received in a respective groove in the second scale, and a connecting portion joining the first and second portions, wherein the connecting portion extends transversely across the spine side of the tang, and a plurality of fasteners removably received in respective fastener holes in the clips for removably attaching each of the plurality of clips to the tang thereby removably attaching the respective ones of the first and second scales to the tang. 
     Example methods for interchanging components of a knife comprising a blade body including a blade, and a handle defined, at least in part, by a pair of scales, may include positioning a first clip of a plurality of clips into first corresponding grooves, each of the grooves on a respective one of the pair of scales, such that the pair of scales are provided in a spaced apart arrangement, positioning a second clip of the plurality of clips into second corresponding grooves of the pair of scales, and securing the handle to the blade by inserting at least one removable fastener through at least one of the pair of scales and the blade body. 
     Features from any of the disclosed embodiments may be used in combination with one another, without limitation. In addition, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art through consideration of the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The drawings illustrate several embodiments, wherein identical reference numerals refer to identical or similar elements or features in different views or embodiments shown in the drawings. 
         FIG. 1  is an isometric view of a fixed blade knife according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 2A-2C  are bottom, side, and top views of the knife in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is an exploded view of the knife in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 4A-4C  are views of the blade body of the knife in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 5A-5C  are views of a first (e.g., right side) scale of the knife in  FIG. 1   
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are views of a second (e.g., left side) scale of the knife in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 7  shows an arrangement of clips of the scale attachment system of the knife in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 8A-8C  show a sequence for assembling the knife in  FIG. 1  in accordance with some examples of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9A  shows a cross-sectional view of the knife in  FIG. 1  taken along the line  9 A- 9 A in  FIG. 2C . 
         FIG. 9B  shows a partial cross-sectional view of the knife in  FIG. 1  taken along the line  9 B- 9 B in  FIG. 2B . 
         FIGS. 10-18  are views of knives in accordance with further examples herein showing ornamental aspects of a knife according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 19  is an isometric view of a folding knife, looking at the grip side of the knife handle, according to further examples of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 20  is another isometric view of the folding knife in  FIG. 19 , looking at the spine side of the handle. 
         FIG. 21  is a side view of the folding knife in  FIG. 19  with the blade shown in a partially folded position. 
         FIGS. 22-24  show further views of the knife in  FIG. 19  illustrating steps of removing the scales of the knife in accordance with the examples herein. 
         FIGS. 25-28  show views of the individual clips of a scale attachment system in accordance with examples herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Examples described herein generally relate to knifes (both of the fixed-blade and folding type) with a unique scale attachment system which allows the user to easily interchange components of the handle, for example the scales or the clips, for functional reasons or to obtain a different aesthetic look. A knife according to some examples herein may include a blade having a blade edge and a spine, first and second opposing scales removably coupled to the blade, and a scale attachment system for removably coupling the scales to the blade. The first and second scales are provided in a spaced apart arrangement such that they are located on opposite sides of the blade, and each of the first and second scales includes a plurality of grooves formed on an outwardly-facing side of the respective scale. The scale attachment system includes a plurality of clips, each having a first portion received in a respective groove of the first scale, a second portion received in a respective groove of the second scale, and a connecting portion joining the first and second portions and which extends transversely across the spine side of the handle. In preferred embodiments, at least a portion of the clips is visible on the outwardly facing sides of the handle over which the clip extends (e.g., the two opposite sides and the spine side) such as to provide a unique look to the handle. In some examples the clips may be configured to position the first and second scales in the spaced apart arrangement, for example by having a particular mating geometry with the scales and/or having features (e.g., a protrusion) that constrain movement of the scales in the desired degrees of freedom. Any suitable number of clips or arrangement thereof may be used in other examples. For example, in some embodiments, the clips may be arranged such that the connecting portion extends across the grip side of the handle. 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 1-9 , a fixed-blade knife  100  according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. The knife  100  includes a blade  110 , which has a blade edge  112  and a spine  114 . The blade edge  112  and spine  114  meet at the tip  113  and both extend proximally (i.e. towards the user, when the knife is being handled) to the hilt  115 . The knife  100  also includes a handle  102 , which extends from the hilt  115  of the knife  100 , and its proximal end defining the butt  117  of the knife  100 . The terms distal and proximal are used herein to refer to components or locations which are away from or near the user, respectively, when the knife is being handled normally (i.e., by its handle).  FIG. 1  shows an isometric view of knife  100  and  FIG. 3  shows an exploded view of knife  100 .  FIGS. 2A and 2C  show a bottom or grip side view and top or spine side view, respectively, of the knife  100 , while  FIG. 2B  shows a side view of knife  100 .  FIGS. 4-7  show views of individual separable components of knife  100 , including the blade body, which includes the blade and the tang (see  FIGS. 4A-4C ), the left and right scales (see  FIGS. 5 and 6  respectively), and the clip attachment system (see  FIGS. 7, and 25 through 28 ). The components and arrangement thereof in  FIGS. 1-9  is exemplary only and variations, such as adding, removing, combining, or rearranging components are all contemplated. 
     In the case of a fixed-blade knife, as shown in  FIG. 1 , the knife  100  includes a tang  120 , which extends from the blade  110  into the handle  102 . Preferably the blade  110  and the tang  120  are integrally formed. That is, the blade  110  and the tang  120  are made from the same piece of material (typically metal, however ceramic and other suitable materials may be used for the blade and/or tang), such as by casting, molding, and/or machining stock material into the desired shape of the blade body. In the illustrated example, and as more easily seen in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the tang  120  of the knife  100  is a full tang, meaning that it substantially extends the full length of the handle and substantially spans the full width of the handle. However, in other examples, the tang may be a partial tang and may extend only partially the length of the handle and/or span only partially between the spine side and the grip side of the handle. A knife with a full tang, and one which is integrally formed with the blade, generally offers superior performance as compared to other knives, for example those having partial tangs. However, it will be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to a knife having a full tang and/or integrally formed tang and blade as illustrated in  FIG. 1 . 
     To achieve a well-balanced knife, in some examples, a full tang may be at least partially skeletonized, which implies that at least a portion of the material within the perimeter of the tang is removed. Generally a full tang may provide superior strength of handle but may result in an unbalanced knife, as the weight of the material in the handle may be greater than the weight of the blade. As shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , a weight-balance feature  129 , in this case a weight-balancing aperture, which is a through-thickness aperture may extend through the thickness T B  of the tang  120  from the first tang side  126  to the second tang side  128 , may be provided in a portion of the tang which is otherwise concealed by the scales. In other examples, the weight-balancing feature(s) may include differently shaped through-thickness apertures, or other material subtractive features such as surface grooves formed on one or both of the sides  126 ,  128 , and which do not extend fully through the thickness T B . Any combination of weight-balance features  129  that facilitate a more even distribution of the weight between the blade  110  and handle  102  may be used. 
     The handle  102  of knife  100  is formed, at least in part, by a pair of opposing scales  130  (i.e., first scale  130 - 1  and second scale  130 - 2 ). The scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  are arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another. In the fixed-blade example in  FIG. 1 , the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  are disposed on opposite sides of the tang  120 . In this example, each scale  130  abuts one of the two major sides of the tang (i.e., tang sides  126  and  128 ) and the scales  130  are, thus, spaced apart by a distance equal to the thickness T of the tang  120 . In other examples, one or more additional layers may be provided between the scales  130  and the tang  120 , for example for adjusting the balance of the knife. In yet further examples, such as in the case of a folding knife, the scales may be provided in a spaced apart arrangement with a gap remaining therebetween to define a cavity into which the blade of the folding knife is receivable, e.g., as will be described further below with reference to  FIG. 19 . 
     In some examples, as shown in  FIGS. 1-9 , each scale  130  may be substantially co-extensive with a major side of the tang  120 , that is, with tang side  126  or tang side  128 . By substantially co-extensive, it is generally meant, that the shape of the scale substantially matches the shape of the tang such that the scale extends substantially over the entire surface of the tang (e.g., from the top or spine side  124  to the bottom or grip side  122  of the tang  120 , and from hilt to butt). As shown in  FIG. 1 , the top sides of the scales are shaped such that they fit flush with the top side of the tang forming a smooth top surface of the handle, and similarly, the bottom sides of the scales are shaped to be flush with the bottom side of the tang to form a substantially smooth or flush surface across the grip side of the handle. A portion of the tang at the butt end of the handle is exposed thereby exposing a lanyard aperture  107 , although in other examples, the scales may extend to also cover this portion of the tang and may define lanyard apertures (not shown) there through which align with the lanyard aperture  107  in the tang. In other examples, the scales need not be substantially co-extensive with the tang. In some such examples, the scales may be co-extensive with only a portion of each tang side, and thus be referred to a partial scales. In some such examples, the scales may cover only a portion (e.g., up to 50%, or up to 75%, in some case between 25 and 50% of the surface of the tang side), such as for example a portion near the hilt of the knife. In yet further examples, a scale on a given side may be provided as the combination of a plurality of partial scales which may be arranged (in a contiguous or non-contiguous manner) along the given side of the tang. In some examples, as shown in  FIGS. 1-3 , the peripheral edge  105 , or a portion thereof, of the outward facing side of each scale  130  may be beveled for a more comfortable grip and/or improved aesthetics. 
     The scales  130  are attached to one another and the blade body  111  to form the handle  102  of the knife  100 . In accordance with the principles of the present invention, the scales  130  may be attached via a unique scale attachment system, which may provide functional and/or aesthetic improvement(s) over the state of the art. In the example in  FIG. 1 , the scale attachment system  200  removably joins the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  to the tang  120 , which together form the handle  102  of knife  100 . The scale attachment system  200  includes a plurality of clips  210  configured to interlock with the scales  130  and the tang  120 , and may thus be interchangeably referred to as a clip locking system (CLS) or simply clip system. In the example in  FIG. 1 , the scale attachment system  200  includes four clips  210 , however it will be appreciated that in other examples, a different number of clips, for example, 2, 3 (as in the example in  FIG. 19 ), or greater number than 4 may be used without departing from the scope of the present invention. In other examples, a scale attachment system according to the present disclosure may be used to attach the scales of a folding knife to one another and to the blade, while still facilitating a quick interchange of components, as will be described further with reference to  FIG. 19 . 
     The scales  130  can be made of wood, metal, resin or any suitable composite material. In the case of a fixed blade knife, the scales  130  are placed on the opposite sides of the metal tang and typically fixedly attached thereto with pins, rivets, or glue. In conventional knife making, the two pieces of material for the scales are first secured to the tang and then subsequently shaped into the desired shape of the scales to form the handle. Most commonly, the scales of the knife are attached to the tang with rivets and thus, the scales are not removable. Knives with removable scales have been developed and such knives typically use one or more removable fasteners (e.g., screws) in place of the rivets to affix the scale to the handle. However, designers and users of knives continue to seek improvements, both functional and aesthetic, to the art of knife making. 
     Referring back to  FIG. 3 , the individual clips  210  have a generally U-shaped clip body defined by first and second substantially parallel leg portions  212 - 1  and  212 - 2 , respectively, and a connecting portion  214  (also referred to as upper portion in this example, as the clips are configured to extend transversely across the upper or spine side of the knife) extending between and joining the two portions  212 - 1  and  212 - 2 . The first and second portions of a clip are thus spaced apart by the connecting portion  214  (by a distance D) and are configured to be positioned on opposite sides of the tang in the assembled configuration. The first and second portions  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  define a channel  216  which accommodates the insertion of handle components therein, e.g., through the opening  218  defined between the free ends of the first and second portions  212 - 1  and  212 - 2 . The channel  216  is wider than the thickness T of the tang  120  but narrower than the combined thickness of the tang  120  and scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . The scales include corresponding grooves  136  on their outward-facing sides  132  which grooves are sized to accommodate respective ones of the first and second portions  212 - 1 ,  212 - 2 . For example, in this embodiment, and referring now also to  FIGS. 5-7 , the scale attachment system  200  includes four clips  210 - 1 ,  210 - 2 ,  210 - 3 , and  210 - 4 , and the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  correspondingly include four grooves  136 - 1 ,  136 - 2 ,  136 - 3 , and  136 - 4  configured to accommodate the parallel portions of the respective ones of the clips. The right and left scales are mirror image of each other. In some examples, and depending upon the design and overall shape of the handle and/or scales, the portions  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  may not be parallel to one another but may taper, for example away from one another, from the connection portion  214  to their free ends. Regardless, in preferred examples, the clips  210  are designed such that when assembled, a portion of the clip wraps around at least one of the spine side or the grip side. In some cases, opposing U-shaped clips, one wrapping the spine side and one wrapping the grip side may be used to give the look of a feature wrapping fully around the transverse perimeter. In some embodiments, the U-shaped clips may be provided as two separate halves, e.g., meeting at the spin side of the handle. However, as will be appreciated, in preferred embodiments, a continuous strip of material may be used for each clip, which can offer superior strength and rigidity of the assembled handle, e.g., by virtue of the clips providing a three-sided mechanical interlocking component to minimize or eliminate movement (or free play) of the scales with respect to the blade when assembled thereto. 
     When assembled, the first portion  212 - 1  of each of the clips  210  is received in a respective groove  136  on the first (or tight) scale  130 - 1  and the second portion  212 - 2  of each of the clips  210  is received in a respective groove on the second (or left) scale  130 - 2 . The connecting portion  214  of each clip extends transversely across the spine side of the handle  102 . Thus, when assembled, the clips  210  wrap at least partially around the handle, in this case extend transversely (perpendicularly or at an angle to the lengthwise direction) along at least a portion of at least three sides of the handle. As such, the scale attachment system  200  of the present disclosure presents a unique look of the handle  102  appearing as being wrapped, at least partially, around its transverse perimeter. Also, as illustrated, when assembled, each of the scales  130  abuts the connecting portion  214  of one or all of the clips  210 , which are also nested within slots  125  in the blade body  111 , this arranging providing a more tightly fitting blade to handle assembly (e.g., substantially eliminating free play between the components). In a conventional knife where the scales are typically attached to the blade by two or more rivets, the loosening of the rivets can result in undesirable free play between the scales and blade. In contrast, each individual clip and also the interlocking of components (e.g., the clip(s), scales, and tang) according to the present disclosure, constrains the movement of the scales relative to the tang along multiple degrees of freedom, with the constraining force being applied over a larger surface area (e.g., as compared to a two-point or two-fastener connection system of a conventional knife), which functions to reduce free play even if one or more of the fasteners become loose. Thus, the scale attachment system  200  may provide a number of functional and aesthetic benefits, such as the unique look, the ability to easily interchange the scales and/or components of the scale attachment system  200  (e.g., the individual clips may be interchanges with clips of different material and/or color), and a superior (e.g., in terms of rigidity and strength) attachment of the scales to the blade body as compared to the state of the art. 
       FIGS. 4A-4C  show the blade body  111  of knife  100 . The blade body  111  includes the blade  110  and the tang  120 , which may be integrally formed from a unitary piece of material, such as stainless steel, titanium or other suitable metal. The blade body  111  may be machined from a block of stock metal or it may be cast into the general shape of the blade body and then machined to more precise dimension tolerances. As described herein, the tang  120  may be configured for the attachment of scales thereto, and specifically for attaching the scales  130  using the unique scale attachment system of the present invention. To that end, the tang  120  may be configured for a cooperating fit with the clips  210  of scale attachment system  200 . The tang  120  may also include fastener holes  127  for receiving fasteners  230  used for attaching the clips  210  to the tang  120 , which thereby secures the scales  130  to the tang  120  to form the handle  102 . 
     As described, the clips  210  are recessed into the handle  102  such that they are flush with the adjoining surfaces of the handle  102 . To accommodate the clips  210  in this recessed arrangement, the tang  120  includes slots  125  disposed about at least a portion of the perimeter of the tang. Each of the slots  125  is configured for a cooperating fit with its respective clip. Each of the slots is defined by a base offset inwardly (i.e., toward the centerline of the tang) from the nominal contour  201  of the spine of the handle  102  and opposing sidewalls connecting the base to the spine side  124  of the tang. Each of the slots  125  is configured to allow the corresponding clip  210 , and specifically the connecting portion  214  of the clip, to be received substantially fully into the slot  125  such that the upper surface of the clip is flush with the adjoining surfaces of the handle  102 , which may offer a more aesthetically pleasing look and/or a more comfortable grip for the user. Thus, each slot  125  has a cross section  123  (see e.g.,  FIG. 4B ) which substantially matches the cross section  213  of the upper portion of the corresponding clip (see e.g.,  FIGS. 25 through 28 ). As shown in  FIG. 4B , in some examples, the slots  125  may have a constant width from their opening to the base. In other examples, the width of one or more of the slots  125  may vary with depth, for example the width may decrease from the opening toward the base. 
     In the example in  FIG. 1 , the scale attachment system  200  is configured such that the clips  210  are angled to one another when assembled to the handle  102 . Thus, correspondingly, the slots  125  extend in non-perpendicular directions to the spine side  124 , with the slots&#39; centerlines  211  being angled to one another. The angle between adjacent slots may vary in different embodiments, for example, the angle may be up to about 10 degrees, up to about 15 degrees, up to about 20 degrees, or up about 50 degrees. In some cases, the slots may be arranged at angles to one another exceeding 50 degrees. In this example, the slots  125  are non-evenly spaced and each extends to the same depth (and correspondingly each clip has a connecting portion  214  of the same thickness). It will be understood, however, that the slots  125  may have different configuration (e.g., different spacing, angular orientation, depth and/or width) in other embodiments. For example, in some embodiments, the clips  210  may be arranged such that they are substantially parallel to one another and/or substantially equally spaced apart. In some embodiments, the clips and their corresponding slots may be arranged such that they extend substantially perpendicularly to the nominal contour line  201 , which in the illustrated example is curved, thus the clips and slots may be arranged in a radial pattern. Depending on the arrangement of the clips, differently positioned and/or shaped weight-balancing features than illustrated may be used, for example, an elongate slot instead of a circle may be used if the clips and thus slots are move evenly distributed over the length of the tang. Any suitable variation for securing holding the scales to the blade body  111  may be used in other embodiments. 
     In the example in  FIG. 1 , each clip  210  is retained to the tang  120  via a pair of opposing fasteners  250 . The fasteners in each pair are aligned such that each pair of opposing fasteners  250  is received in the same fastener hole  127  of the tang  120 . In other embodiments, the fasteners may be offset from one another and be received in different holes, which may in some examples be centered along the centerline  211 . In yet further examples, a single fastener may be used to secure both sides of the clip to the tang. In yet further examples, a single clip may be secured to the tang using multiple (e.g., 2, 3 or more) fasteners on each side. As described, the clips  210  are secured to the tang removably, e.g., with a threaded fastener such that they can be removed and/or replaced. In some examples, the aesthetic look of the knife may be changes by replacing the clips or the fasteners only (without replacing the scales), for example by using a clip of a given type of metal or with a particular type of treatment or coating (e.g., anodized aluminum or titanium) and a fastener of a different type of metal or treatment (e.g. non-anodized aluminum or a stainless steel) which can provide contrasting look between the two materials, coatings or treatments. 
       FIGS. 5A-5C  show views of the right scale  130 - 1  and  FIGS. 6A and 6B  show views of the left scale  130 - 2 , before beveling of the perimeter edges. Each of the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  has a number of grooves  136  configured to accommodate a corresponding number of clips  210 . Each of the grooves  136  in the illustrated example are generally rectangular in cross section. In other examples, other suitable geometries may be used, for example dovetail geometry (as in the example in  FIG. 19 ), rounded (or half circle) geometry, triangular geometry (e.g., with the tip pointing toward the inwardly-facing side, etc. Each groove  136  includes a first or side groove portion, which extend along the outward-facing side  132 , in this case from the bottom or grip side to the top or spine side of the scale although in other examples the groove need not extend all the way to the bottom. The groove  136  further includes a second or upper groove portion defined by a recess open at the top surface  137  and having a depth equal to that of the corresponding slot  135  on the blade body such that when the scales are assembled to the handle, the upper groove portions align with and match the shape of the corresponding slot  135 , to accommodate the insertion of the clip therein and the forming of a flush smooth surface along the spine side of the knife. Each of the scales also includes a corresponding number of fastener holes, in this case a single fastener hole per groove, which is formed in the recessed portion of the scale defined by the groove. In this example, the fastener holes  134  are not threaded. However, in other examples (e.g., in  FIG. 19 ), the fastener holes may be threaded for securing the fasteners to the scales. 
       FIG. 7  shows an arrangement of clips of the scale attachment system  200  and  FIGS. 25 through 28  show the individual clips of  FIG. 7 . As previously described, at least some of the clips in this embodiment are arranged so that they are angled rather than normal to the spine of the handle (e.g., contour line  201 ). Thus the centerline(s)  211  of one or more of the clip is at an angle other than 90 degrees to the line  201 . Also, the clips, when assembled to the handle, may be angled to one another (i.e., non-parallel), thus the centerline  211  of one or more of the clips may be at an angle to the centerline of another one of the clips (e.g., those of the two adjacent clips  210 - 1  and  210 - 2 ). The clips of a given scale attachment system for a given knife may also vary in length. In the illustrated example, the clip  210 - 4  closest to the hilt  115  is shortest than any of the other clips. The clip  210 - 1  closest to the butt of the knife may be longer than the other clips, in part because of the greater amount of incline with respect to the spine. As shown in  FIGS. 25 through 28 , each of the clips  210 - 1  through  210 - 4  includes two opposing substantially parallel legs  212 - 1  and  212 - 2  joined by a connecting portion  214 . As described the clips are each configured for a cooperating fit within the corresponding slot  125  in the tang and the upper groove portion of the grooves  136  in the scales. Thus, as shown, the transverse cross section of the top portion of each clip matches the cross section of the corresponding slot in the tang. In some examples, for ease of manufacturability, each of the clips may be of substantially the same geometry such that the clips are interchangeable or fungible; however, clips of different geometries and configured different alignment with respect to one another may provide a unique aesthetic look. The alignment of the clips with respect to each other and the handle may be selected to more firmly constrain movement in specific locations of the handle in a desired direction. 
     In the illustrated example, the fastener holes  217  of the clips are neither aligned nor centered along the length of the clips. In some examples, the fastener holes  217  may be provided closer to the grip side of the handle, e.g., to reduce free play or gapping at the free ends of the clips. In other examples, the fastener holes may be differently arranged (e.g., they may be centered along the width of the handle and/or aligned with the fastener holes of other clips). In some examples, more than one fastener per side may be used to secure each clip which may provide not only a stronger connection but also a different aesthetic to the handle. In this example, the fastener holes are countersunk to accommodate the head of the fastener therein, which again can provide a pleasing aesthetic and a comfortable fit of the handle  102  within the user&#39;s hand. However in other examples, a different type or arrangement of fasteners and holes may be used. In the illustrated example, the clips extend from the top side to the bottom side of the handle, thus the top side of each clip matches the spine side of the handle, while the bottom contour of each clip matches the contour of the grip side of the handle. The clips are also beveled to match the beveled peripheral edge of the scales, again providing a handle with a more comfortable fit for the user. In other examples, the clips may only extend partially down towards the grip side. As described, each clip may be formed from a unitary piece of material, for example all four clips may be machined from a block of metal. In some embodiments, each of the clips in a set may have substantially the same geometry thus, the individual clips may be fungible. A knife kit may be provided, which may include one blade, one or multiple sets of scales, and multiples sets of clips and/or fasteners, which can be made from different materials and or have different coatings or color. This can allow for interchangeability of components, e.g., the clips and/or fasteners, to provide a different feel and/or look to the knife. In some cases, the knife kit may include multiple sets of scales, each set including a pair of the right and left side scales, and the scales in each set may be of different colors and/or materials (e.g., wood, metal, resin, composite, ceramic, etc.), again allowing the user to change the look or functionality (e.g., one handle may be less porous or more textured and thus more suitable for certain applications than another) of the knife as desired. 
     Different sequences of assembling the knife may be used. As previously described, the user may hold the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , with the upper grooves and fastener holes aligned to the slots and fastener groves in the tang and then slide the clips over the two scales thereby sandwiching the tang in between the scales. The user may then fasten each clip to the tang by inserting a fastener into each fastener hole  217 , the fasteners  250  passing through the fastener holes  134  and terminating at the fastener holes  127  in the tang, which thereby secures each of the scales to the tang. Alternatively, the user may position one of the scales (e.g., scale  130 - 1 ) on the appropriate side of the tang (e.g.,  126 ) as shown in  FIG. 9A . The user may then position one of the clips  210  in engagement with the blade body  111  and the first scale  130 - 1 , such as by moving the clip  210  along the direction  503 , which is a direction in which the leg portion  212 - 1  is generally aligned with the length of the groove  136 . In this manner, the clip  210  may be slid into position with respect to the blade body and scale until the inwardly facing side  225  of the upper portion  214  abuts the base of the upper groove in the scale and the base of the corresponding slot  125  in the tang, e.g., as shown in  FIG. 8C . The user may then secure the first or right side of the clip to the handle with a fastener and may then proceed to insert the other clips, e.g., by inserting the clip  210 - 4  similarly by sliding it into the corresponding groove along a direction  505  which aligns the clip leg portion to the length of the groove  136 , or by inserting any of the other clips, in any desired sequence. The user may then position the opposite leg portions of the clips in engagement with the left side scale, e.g., by sliding the scale between the space defined by the clips and Chang on the opposite side of the tang. Alternatively, the user may, after inserting and/or securing the first side of the first clip to the handle, position the other scale into place and secure the opposite side of the first clip to the second scale before proceeding to assemble the remaining clips. In yet another example, the user may position the clip  210  into place with respect to the blade body and then insert each of the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  by sliding each of the scales in a direction  501  in which the groove(s)  136  are aligned to the length of the leg portion(s)  212  of any of the clips already in position. 
     Any number of alternative assembly sequences may be used. For example, in the case of the folding knife in  FIG. 19 , the user can fix each scale to the blade body first by inserting and securing one or more of the fasteners, e.g., the fastener at the blade pivot, and then proceed to insert the clips into position with respect to the grooves in the scales. In another example, in which the clips constrain transverse movement of the scale (e.g., movement in a direction perpendicular to the lengthwise direction), the user may position the clips into the grooves of the scales thereby positioning the scales into a spaced apart arrangement which is maintained so by the clips and/or grooves geometry. The user may then slide the blade between the two scales and secure the blade to the knife with one or more fasteners (e.g., a fastener at the pivot in the case of a folding knife or one or more fasteners through one or more of the clips. In yet a further alternative sequence, each of the scales may first be placed into engagement with the clips and the tang may then be slid between the two scales until the slots on the spine side of the tang nest with the clips. This latter sequence may be particularly useful for assembling a handle with irregularly shaped clips, e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 18A and 18B , the shape of which may not otherwise enable insertion of the clips from the top side. In this scenario, each scale is, in sequence, placed into the channel(s) defined between the two leg portions of one or more of the clip and then moved transversely (up or down) such that the leg portion(s) of the clips are positioned into the groove(s) of the scale. The user may then optionally insert fasteners to hold the clips to scales, or the user may slide the tang between the two spaced apart scales and then insert the fasteners into the corresponding fastener holes and secure the blade body to the handle. 
       FIG. 9A  shows a transverse cross-sectional view of the knife  100  taken at line  9 A- 9 A in  FIG. 2C  and  FIG. 9B  shows a partial cross-sectional view taken of the knife  100  taken at line  9 B- 9 B in  FIG. 2B , showing the internal arrangement of components. For example, as shown in  FIG. 9A , the clip  210 , which is configured to sit into the groove in the outwardly-facing sides of the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  wraps around three sides (i.e., extends along the tight and left sides and transversely across the top side) of the handle. In the example in  FIG. 9A , the inwardly-facing sides of the scales  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  are against (i.e., abut) the first and second tang sides, respectively, of tang  120 , and the upper portion  214  of the clip  210  is against the base of the upper grooves of the scales and the slot in the spine side of the tang  120 . Also as shown in  FIGS. 9A and 9B , two fasteners  250  are used to secure the clip  210 , the leg portions of which have a rectangular cross section, to the tang  120 , thereby securing the scales to the tang by sandwiching them between the clips and tang. As described, the fasteners  250  may terminate in threaded fastener holes in the tang and in some examples the fastener holes in the clips and/or the scales need not be threaded. As shown, the fastener holes in the clips are countersunk so that the fasteners sit flush with or below the outer surface of the handle for a more comfortable fit in the user&#39;s hand. As also shown, the fasteners  250  in this example are co-axially aligned (i.e. the centerlines of the fasteners lie along the same axis. In other examples the fasteners may not be co-axially aligned, but may instead be offset along one or two directions and may thus provide a different aesthetic look. 
       FIGS. 10-18  are views which illustrate various ornamental aspects of a knife according to the present disclosure.  FIGS. 10 and 11  show first and second isometric views, and  FIGS. 12-17  show right side elevational, left side elevational, top, bottom, front and rear views, respectively, of a knife according to one embodiments of the present disclosure.  FIGS. 18A and 18B  are an isometric and a right side view of a knife according to a second embodiment. The left side view of the knife in  FIGS. 18A and 18B  is a mirror image of the right side view shown in  FIG. 18B . The remaining views (e.g., top, bottom, front and rear views) of the knife in  FIG. 18A  are the same as those shown in  FIGS. 14-17 . The design of a knife according to the present disclosure may, in other embodiments, exclude one or more of the features shown in solid line in  FIGS. 10-18 , or may include design elements combined from any of the embodiments disclosed herein. 
     In some embodiments, the knife may be a folding knife in that the blade may be rotatable about the handle (e.g., along direction  701 ) such that the blade can be concealed, at least partially, within the handle. A folding knife according to the present disclosure may include a blade which is pivotally connected to a handle at a blade pivot (e.g., near the hilt of the knife). The handle may include a pair of opposing scales spaced apart from one another and coupled to one another via a scale attachment system comprising a plurality of clips. The scales may be supported in the spaced apart relationship, at least in part by the clips. In preferred embodiments, the clips may be configured such that they wrap at least partially around a transverse perimeter side (e.g., the spine side) of the handle. 
     Referring now also to  FIGS. 19-24 , a folding knife according to the present disclosure is described in further detail below.  FIGS. 19 and 20  show isometric views of the knife  700 .  FIG. 21  shows a right side view of the knife  700  with the blade partially folded into the handle.  FIGS. 22-24  show left side views of the knife  700  and components thereof, illustrating a sequence of removing component(s) of the handle  702  of the knife  700 , e.g., for replacing the clips and/or scales of the knife  700 . The components and arrangement thereof in  FIGS. 19-24  is exemplary only and variations, such as adding, removing, combining, or rearranging components are all contemplated. 
     Similar to knife  100 , knife  700  includes a blade  710  and a handle  702 . The blade includes a blade edge  712  and a spine  714 . The handle  702  includes a pair of scales  730  arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another by a cavity  731  defined between the inward-facing sides of the scales  730 . The first and second scales  730 - 1  and  730 - 2  are joined by a scale attachment system  760  including a plurality of clips  762 . The clips  762  are removably received within corresponding grooves  736  formed on the outward-facing sides  780  of each of the scales  730 . Similar to the clips  210 , each of the clips  762  includes a pair of substantially parallel legs  764  connected by a spine portion  766 . Each of the clips  762  is configured for a cooperating (e.g., a tolerance) fit with the corresponding grooves  736  in the scales  730 . The transverse cross-section of a given leg  764  may match the transverse cross-section of the corresponding groove which receives the given leg such that the clips fit snugly (e.g., without substantial free play between the receiving and received components). 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the legs  764  and grooves  736  are shaped to form a dovetail joint, with the wider part of the dovetail joint positioned closer to the inward-facing side of the scales and the narrower part of the dovetail joint positioned at the outward-facing side of the scales. In this manner, the clips  762  may only be coupled and decoupled from the scales by movement in the direction along the length of the groove  736  (e.g., by insertion from the top or spine side  724  toward the bottom or grip side  722 ). Advantageously, the clips  762  are configured to mechanically limit or prevent movement of the scales  730  toward one another when one the clips  762  are inserted into the grooves  736 . This allows the clips  762  to maintain the spacing between the scales, which can advantageously be achieved without any additional intermediate components between the scales. However, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments one or more additional intermediate components, e.g., to maintain or define the spacing, may be provided. In some embodiments, the clips  762  may additionally or alternatively include a projection  768  extending from the inward-facing side  767  of the spine portion  766  (see  FIG. 24 ). The projection  768  may be integrally formed with the spine portion  766  (e.g., during the machining of the individual clips form stock material) and may function as a spacer such that inward-facing sides of the scales  730  rest on the opposite sidewalls  769  of the projection  768 . In this examples, the width of the projection (i.e., the distance between the sidewalls  769 ) defines the width  732  of the cavity  731 , which is selected to be sufficiently wide to accommodate the thickness of the blade  710  therebetween. In some embodiments, the handle  702  may alternatively or additionally include a spacer at the butt-end joint  750 , which may improve the rigidity of the handle  702 . For example, a separable washer (not shown), having a thickness equal to the width  732  of the cavity  731 , may be placed between the inward-facing sides of the scales  730 . One or more fasteners, received through the fastener holes  752  on the scales, may be used to fix the scales  730  to the spacer, which may have a threaded aperture to receive the thread of the fastener  754 . In yet further examples, one or both of the scales  730  may include a boss structure projecting from the inward-facing side of the scale to provide the spacer. In some such embodiments, a single fastener  754  which is threaded received in the opposite scale, may be used. Alternative arrangements for maintaining the spacing between the scales may be used. 
     In yet further embodiments, the clips may additionally or alternatively be joined to each scale in a similar fashion as with the embodiment in  FIG. 1 . In some such embodiments, the clips may not be dovetailed with the scales but may instead be joined by one or more fasteners passing through the thickness of the legs  764  and partially into the thickness of the underlying scale  730 . In such embodiments, the clips may have fastener holes and the scales may have corresponding fastener holes, which may be threaded to receive the clip fasteners. The clip fasteners may be shorter in length than the fasteners at the blade pivot and at the butt-end joint  750  so as to not protrude into the cavity  731 . 
     Referring further to  FIGS. 22-24 , a sequence for disassembling the handle and/or removing components of the handle is described.  FIG. 22  shows the knife  700  in an assembled state,  FIG. 23  shows the knife  700  with one of the clips  762  partially removed, and  FIG. 24  shows the knife  700  with the clip  762  fully removed. While the knife  700  is shown here with the blade  710  extended, it will be understood that the removal or disassembly sequence, and consequently a coupling or assembly sequence, may be performed with the blade retracted into the cavity  731 . As shown in  FIG. 23 , to replace the clips, for example with clips of different material or color (e.g., differently treated or coated metal), the user slides each of the clips  762  along the direction  704  extending along the length of the groove  736  and out of engagement with the scales (e.g., as shown in  FIG. 24 ). The step may be preceded by removal of the fastener  754 , if used in a given embodiment, which may allow some additional free play at the butt end of the knife for easier removal of the clips. In other embodiments, in which the clips are additionally or alternatively secured with fasteners, the user would first remove the fasteners to enable removal of the clips. Once all of the clips and any fasteners such as  754  and  744  have been removed, the scales can be separated from the blade  710  and replaced with a different set of scales (e.g., from a different material and/or of different color, shape, etc.). In some cases, the user may wish to only replace the clips, e.g., for a different look, in which case the individual clips may be replaced one at a time in sequence without disassembling the handle (e.g., replacing one clip while the others hold the handle joined and/or without removal of the fasteners  754   744 ). 
     While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments are contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting. Additionally, the words “including,” “having,” and variants thereof (e.g., “includes” and “has”) as used herein, including the claims, shall be open ended and have the same meaning as the word “comprising” and variants thereof (e.g., “comprise” and “comprises”).