Patent Publication Number: US-10788033-B2

Title: Mechanical hydraulic pumping unit with a radiator integrated

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention corresponds to a mechanical hydraulic pumping unit with a radiator integrated that has been perfected for its use in the oil production or the hydrocarbons extraction. 
     In the oil industry, one of the needs that is known is the necessity of operate the oil wells at different speeds and different forces, especially in fields that used steam injection technologies. In these fields, with steam injection technologies, the production has a cold cycle where it requires low speeds and high forces, and also has a hot cycle that requires high speeds and low forces. Therefore, the present invention has oil wells application, where mechanical pumping as an artificial lift system is used. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Mechanical hydraulic pumping units are machines that make the artificial lifting of the oil that is in the subsurface, using a hydraulic system composed of a series of independent elements. Usually, three motors are used: one for the power pump, other for the recirculating pump and another for a fan. 
     In turn, these machines are equipped with an oil tank, a radiator, a hood electrical, a focus puller for the air that drives the fan, and a structure in which are mounted all the components listed above. 
     Colombian patent invention “Mechanical hydraulic pumping unit with single-motor”, it&#39;s characterized by having a single motor that is coupled to a dual pump to one of the ends of its shaft and at the back end of the shaft, the fan. 
     The present invention simplifies even more the design and optimizes the operation of the conventional unit, because to drive both pumps and fan it uses a single motor. Besides its physical structure provides two hydraulic tanks, a radiator, an electrical chest, a hydraulic chest and an electrical controls and hydraulic measuring elements chest, resulting in a more reliable and simple machine. Finally, the machine comprises a speed selector valve in order to operate the wells at high speeds and low forces or at low speeds and high forces. 
     DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION 
     The present invention is a mechanical hydraulic pumping unit with a radiator integrated that provides a hydraulic oil flow for a required pressure for starting the hydraulic actuator  48 , which comprises the ability to lift the weight generated by a bunch of rod strings in a well, and also lift the hydrostatic column that it is generated during oil extraction. It is characterized by having a chassis  1 , a fan  2 , a motor  3 , a bell  4 , a flexible coupling  5 , a primary pump  6 , a secondary pump  7 , a selector valve  8 , an oil discharge tank  9 , a radiator  10 , a suction tank  11 , a dry breech  12  for electrical controls and elements of hydraulic measurement, a chest  13  for an hydraulic circuit of power, a coffer  14  for electrical components, a flow connector  15 , a pressure regulating valve  16  for the recirculation of oil, a pressure regulating valve  17  for oil return, a flow control check valve  18 , a primary pilot solenoid valve  19  for a regulating valve  16 , a secondary pilot solenoid valve  20  to a regulating valve  17 , an hydraulic oil suction filter  21 , a ball valve  22 , a pressure gauge of the recirculation circuit  23 , a pressure gauge of the power circuit  24 , a thermometer  25 , a line  26  for the connection between power circuit and pressure gauge  24 , a line  27  for the connection between the return line  36  and the pressure gauge  23 , a viewer and level sensor  28 , a line  29  for the connection between the pilot solenoid valve  20  and the pressure regulating valve  17 , a line  30  for the connection between pilot solenoid valve  19  and flow regulator valve  16 , a check anti-return  31 , a hose  32  for the connection between the primary pump  6  and the connector flows  15 , a hose  33  for the connection between the secondary pump  7  and the selector valve  8 , a hose  34  for the connection between the selector valve  8  and the flow connector  15 , a hose  35  for the connection between the selector valve  8  and the return line  36 , a return line  36  for the hydraulic oil, a hose  37  for the connection between the pressure regulating valve  17  and return line  36 , a hose  38  for the connection between pressure regulating valve  16  and return line  36 , a cover  39  of the return tank, a cover  40  of the oil suction tank, a cover  41  for the dry bedroom  40 , a cover  42  for the coffer  13  and a cover  43  for coffer  14 , an air filter  44  for suction tank  11 , a lateral cover  45  of the chassis  1 , a hatch  46  of the lateral cover  45 , a pedestal  47 , a hydraulic actuator  48 , a superior sensor  49 , an inferior sensor  50 , an electrical control panel  51 , a high pressure ball valve  52 , a hose  53  that connects the hydraulic circuit of power with the high pressure ball valve  52 , a hose  54  to connect the pedestal  47  to the hydraulic actuator  48 , a return line  55  that connects the hydraulic actuator  48  to suction tank  11 , a high pressure check valve  56 , an electronic card control  57 , a suction rack  58  for air, a grid for the left lateral discharge  59  for air and a grid for the right discharge  60  for air. 
     The mechanical hydraulic pumping unit with a radiator integrated to the chassis has a dual pump that takes oil from the suction oil tank. This dual pump is driven by a motor that is coupled through a fan and a flexible coupler. In turn, the rear axle of the motor comprises a fan, which sucks air from the outside and then forces the air to the inside of the machine passing through the hydraulic oil cooler radiator, which is located above the motor and between the two oil tanks. Once the dual pump has sucked hydraulic oil, the first discharge of the hydraulic oil that correspond to the primary pump, of the dual pump, is sent to the hydraulic power circuit, while the second discharge of hydraulic oil that correspond to the secondary pump, of the dual pump, is sent to a selector valve. The selector valve offers the option of sending the secondary pump oil to the hydraulic power circuit or otherwise sends the oil to the oil discharge tank. This allows the two hydraulic flows belonging to the primary and secondary pump, or otherwise, that the oil belonging to the primary pump is sent to the hydraulic circuit and that the secondary&#39;s oil pump is recirculated to the discharge tank. 
     Additionally, this invention is characterized by integrating an electrical coffer, a hydraulic coffer and an electric control coffers with hydraulic measuring elements, to the machine&#39;s chassis. In this way this machine has advantages because the machine&#39;s volume is reduced, and the system reliability is increased while this has fewer parts and connections, both hydraulic and electrical, that are duly protected of the environment. 
     The hydraulic power circuit comprise the regulating pressure valve  16 , the regulating pressure valve  17 , the high pressure check valve  56 , the primary pilot solenoid valve  19 , the secondary pilot solenoid valve  20  and the check regulating flow valve  18 , as shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7 . Additionally, the machine&#39;s chassis  1  is constructed with a feature geometry which places the radiator  10  at the top of the machine in the middle of the oil discharge tank  9  and the suction tank  11  as the  FIGS. 3 and 4  shown. Also, the chassis of the dry breech  12  is located at the same height and next to the suction tank  11  as the  FIG. 4  shows. Under the dry breech  12  and the suction tank  11 , is the coffer  13  and under this, is the coffer  14  as the  FIG. 4  shows. Thus, an air focuser is created for the contained volume that is between the chassis&#39; base  1 , the breech&#39;s walls  13  and  14 , the inferior part of the oil discharge tank  9  and the lateral cover  45  with the respective hatch  46 , as shown in the  FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 . 
     When the motor  3  is energized, its shaft rotates. The shaft, in its rear end has a fan  2 , so the fan can suck the outside air through the screen of air suction  58  into the air focuser that directs the flow to the top of the machine, forcing air through radiator  10  to finally exit through the lateral screens  59  and  60 , as shown in  FIG. 4 . In the front end of the shaft of motor  3  is a flexible coupling  5 , which transfers the torque and shaft rotation to the dual pump, as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . This dual pump is located in the center and is attached to the bell  4 , which in turn is attached to the motor  3  and also centered on the motor  3 &#39;s shaft, ensuring an excellent alignment between the dual pump shaft and motor  3 &#39;s shaft. Further, the dual pump is composed of a primary pump  6  and a secondary pump  7  that share a single suction. This suction is connected to the ball valve  22  which in turn is connected to the hydraulic oil suction filter  21  which is located inside the suction tank  11 , as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . Thus, the oil present inside suction tank  11  is sucked by the primary pump  6  and secondary pump  7 . The primary pump  6  pressurizes the oil flow and sends it through the hose  32  into the flow connector  15 , as shown in  FIG. 5 . Thereafter, the oil is sent to the hydraulic power circuit, as shown in  FIG. 6 . On the other hand, the oil sucked by the secondary pump  7  is pressurized by this to the hose  33  which connects it with selector valve  8 , as shown in  FIG. 5 . When the selector valve  8  is in speed one, the hydraulic oil returns to discharge tank  9  through the hose  35  and the return line for the hydraulic oil  36  that has the non-return check  31 , as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . When the selector valve  8  is in speed two, the oil that comes from the secondary pump  7  is sent through hose  34  so that it enters to the flow connector  15  adding the flow rates coming from the main pump  6  and the secondary pump  7 , as shown in  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     In any speed, one or two, the oil that is in the flow connector  15  is sent to the hydraulic circuit. The path that the oil cruises in this case is through the pressure regulating valve  16 , where a first small flow derived via line  30  to the primary pilot solenoid valve  19 , where it returns to the suction tank  11 , a second oil return flow drifting through the hose  38  to the return of the hydraulic oil  36  and a third flow drift the high pressure check valve  56 , as shown in  FIG. 7 . From this high pressure check valve  56 , the oil passes to the pressure regulating valve  17  where a first small flow drifts through the line  29  to the secondary pilot solenoid valve  20 , which returns to the suction tank  11 , a second return flow of oil derived through hose  37  to the return line  36  for the hydraulic oil and a third flow drift to the check flow valve  18 , as shown in  FIG. 7 . Subsequently, the oil passes the hose  53 , the high pressure ball valve  52 , the pedestal  47 , the hose  54 , finally reaching the hydraulic actuator  48 , as the  FIG. 1  shows. When the hydraulic oil reaches to the hydraulic actuator  48 , the oil is under low pressure because the primary  19  and the secondary  20  pilot solenoid valves, in a respective shape, are normally open. When the primary  19  and the secondary  20  pilot solenoid valves are open they are not energized allowing that the pressure control valves  16  and  17  remain open by sending the remaining oil through hoses  38  and  37  and from these to the hydraulic oil return line  36 . Subsequently, the inferior sensor  50  sends an electric signal to the electronic control card  57 , which is responsible for energizing and closing the primary  19  and the secondary  20  pilot solenoid valves. When the primary  19  and the secondary  20  pilot solenoid valves are closed, the hydraulic oil flow stops through lines  29  and  30 , allowing pressure control valves  16  and  17  to close at their maximum set pressure. If the pressure required by the hydraulic actuator  48  to lift the load exerted by the rod string and the hydrostatic column that is in the well, is lower than the pressure of the pressure control valves  16  and  17 , the hydraulic actuator  48  will start an upward movement because 100% of the hydraulic oil flow enters into this. If the pressure required by the hydraulic actuator  48  to lift the load exerted by the rod string and the hydrostatic column into the well, is greater than the set pressure of the pressure control valves  16  and  17 , the hydraulic actuator  48  will remain static and pressure regulating valves  16  and  17  will relieve the pressure of the fluid through hoses  37  and  38 , discharging oil into the return line for hydraulic oil  36 . In this case it is necessary to adjust to a higher set pressure in the pressure control valves  16  and  17 , thereby forcing the hydraulic oil flow to be directed to the hydraulic actuator  48 . 
     When the hydraulic actuator is in the upper position, the superior sensor  49  sends an electric signal to the control card  57  to shut down the primary  19  and the secondary pilot solenoid valves. This superior sensor  49  is located in the upper end of pedestal  47 , as shown in detail an of  FIG. 1 . in this way, by turning off the primary  19  and the secondary pilot solenoid valves which are going to return to their normally open position allowing the passage of fluid through lines  30  and  29 , and hoses  38  and  37 . Thus the pressure within the pressure control valves  16  and  17  drops to a minimum pressure generated by frictional losses present in the hoses  37  and  38  and in the return line for hydraulic oil  36 . This fact forces the pressurized oil within the hydraulic actuator  48  to return to the check valve flow regulator  18  which controls the downward graduates and speed of the hydraulic actuator  48 . Subsequently the oil passes from the regulating flow check valve  18  to the pressure regulating valve  17  to be discharged through the hose  37  to the return line  36  and finally to the oil discharge tank  9 . This is possible since the high pressure check valve  56  prevents the passage of hydraulic oil to the pressure regulating valve  16  so that protects a possible saturation by high oil flow. Moreover, the oil from the pump passes through the dual pressure regulator valve  16  to hose  38  to reach the return line for hydraulic oil tank  36  toward the oil discharge tank  9 . When the hydraulic actuator  48  reaches the lower position, the inferior sensor  50  sends an electrical signal to the electronic control card  57  in order to start a new cycle by closing the primary  19  and the secondary pilot solenoid valves. The pilot inferior sensor  50  is located at the lower end of the pedestal  47 , as  FIG. 1  shows in the B detail. 
     The dry breech  12  for electrical controls and elements of hydraulic measuring therein comprises a high pressure gauge  24  of the power circuit, which is connected via line  26  to discharge the hydraulic power circuit, as the  FIGS. 3 and 7  shown. Thus, the manometer  24  measures the pressure in the upward and downward movement of the hydraulic actuator  48 . In this dry breech  12  there is a manometer recirculation circuit  23  which is connected through the line  27  with the line  36  back to hydraulic oil, as the  FIGS. 3 and 7  shown. Thus, the manometer  23  measures the pressure fluctuations within the return line for hydraulic oil  36 , as the  FIGS. 3 and 7  shown. Additionally, the dry breech  12  comprises a thermometer  25  which measures the temperature of the hydraulic oil into the suction tank  11 , and a viewfinder and level sensor  28  to ensure optimum oil level inside the suction tank  11 , as the  FIG. 3  shows. Finally, the dry breech  12  comprises an electrical control panel  51  which has an emergency stop button and the necessary pushers and for switching on and off the motor  3 , and as turning on and off the hand of the primary  19  and the secondary pilot solenoid valves, as the  FIG. 3  shows. 
     The hydraulic oil is cooled when it passes through the inside of the radiator tubes  10 . The energy required to achieve this fluid movement is provided by the small height difference of levels between the oil discharge tank  9  and the suction tank  11 , as the  FIG. 4  shows. Since the dual pump draws oil through the oil filter  21 , located inside the suction tank  11 , and the ball valve  22 , it generates a height level decrease of the suction tank  11  in regard to the high level of the oil discharge tank  9 , as the  FIG. 4  shows. The frictional losses that are inside of the radiator  10  are less than the small difference of heights between the tanks  9  and  11  levels, because the radiator  10  comprises a short length and a large transverse flow area. 
     The chassis  1  features a number of lids that seal and protect from environment the components that are inside it. The lid  39  seals the oil discharge tank  9 , as the  FIG. 2  shows. The lid  40  have incrusted an air filter  44  and connects to line  55  of the return hydraulic oil that is in the hydraulic actuator  48 , seal the suction tank  11 , as the  FIGS. 1 and 2  shown. The cover  41  seals the dry breech  12  to protect the electrical controls and the measurement hydraulic elements, as the  FIG. 2  shows. The cover  42  seals the hood  13  to protect the hydraulic power circuit, as the  FIG. 2  shows. Finally, the cover  43  seals the coffer  14  to protect the other electrical components, as the  FIG. 2  shows. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of the hydraulic power unit, the pedestal and the hydraulic actuator. With an A detail of the superior sensor  49  and hose  54 , detail B of the inferior sensor  50 , detail C of the valve high pressure ball  52 . 
         FIG. 2 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power unit where all external covers are observed. 
         FIG. 3 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power unit where internal components are observed. 
         FIG. 4 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power unit and lateral view of the hydraulic power unit where oil levels can be observed inside the oil discharge tank  9  and the suction tank  11 , as well as internal components of the machine. 
         FIG. 5 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power unit motor where the suctions and discharge of the primary  6  and secondary  7  hydraulic pumps can be observed. 
         FIG. 6 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power circuit that is connected to the suctions and discharges from primary  6  and secondary  7  pumps. 
         FIG. 7 : is a perspective view of the hydraulic power circuit. 
     
    
    
     LIST OF REFERENCE 
     
         
           1 . Chassis 
           2 . Fan 
           3 . Motor 
           4 . Bell 
           5 . Flexible Coupling 
           6 . Primary pump 
           7 . Secondary pump 
           8 . Selector valve 
           9 . Oil discharge tank 
           10 . Radiator 
           11 . Suction tank 
           12 . Dry breech for electrical controls and measurement hydraulic elements 
           13 . Coffer for hydraulic power circuit 
           14 . Coffer for electrical components 
           15 . Caudal Connector 
           16 . Pressure control valve for the oil recirculation 
           17 . Pressure control valve for the oil return 
           18 . Flow regulating check valve 
           19 . Primary pilot solenoid valve 
           20 . Secondary pilot solenoid valve 
           21 . Suction filter of hydraulic oil 
           22 . Ball valve 
           23 . Pressure Gauge recirculation circuit 
           24 . Pressure gauge power circuit 
           25 . Thermometer 
           26 . Connection line between power circuit and manometer  24   
           27 . Connection line between the return line  36  and the manometer  23   
           28 . Viewer and level sensor  28   
           29 . Connection line between the pilot solenoid valve  20  and the regulator valve  17   
           30 . Connection line between the pilot solenoid valve  19  and the flow control valve  16   
           31 . Check backstop 
           32 . Hose  32  for connection between the primary pump  6  and the flow connector  15   
           33 . Hose  33  for connection between the secondary pump  7  and selector valve  8   
           34 . Hose  34  for connection between the valve  8  and the flow connector  15   
           35 . Hose  35  for connection between valve  8  and the return line  36   
           36 . Return line for the hydraulic oil 
           37 . Hose connection between the pressure regulator valve  17  and return line  36   
           38 . Hose connection between pressure regulator valve  16  and return line  36   
           39 . Tank top return 
           40 . Tank top of the oil suction 
           41 . Cover for dry breech  12   
           42 . Cover for coffer  13   
           43 . Cover for coffer  14   
           44 . Air filter  44   
           45 . Lateral cover  45   
           46 . Hatch  46   
           47 . Pedestal  47   
           48 . Hydraulic actuator 
           49 . Superior Sensor 
           50 . Inferior Sensor 
           51 . Electrical control panel 
           52 . Ball valve of high pressure 
           53 . Hose for connect the hydraulic power circuit with the ball valve of high pressure  52   
           54 . Hose to connect the pedestal  47  to the hydraulic actuator  48   
           55 . Return line to connect the hydraulic actuator  48  to the suction tank  11   
           56 . Check valve for high pressure 
           57 . Electronic control card 
           58 . Suction rack 
           59 . Rack left side discharge 
           60 . Rack right side discharge