Patent Publication Number: US-10779690-B2

Title: Foaming dispenser

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application is based upon and claims benefit of priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application 62/610,752, filed on Dec. 27, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present invention relates to a foaming dispenser. 
     Examples of a foaming dispenser that foams and discharges liquid include a foaming dispenser container described in WO 2011/152375. The foaming dispenser container of WO 2011/152375 is capable of mixing liquid and gas to generate foamy liquid, and discharging the foamy liquid to the outside of the foaming dispenser container. 
     CITATION LIST 
     (Patent Literature 1) WO 2011/152375 
     SUMMARY 
     The present invention relates to a foaming dispenser capable of mixing liquid and gas to generate suitable foamy liquid. In detail, the present invention relates to a foaming dispenser capable of obtaining suitable foamy liquid, by making it possible to mix liquid and gas sufficiently. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a foaming dispenser capable of generating suitable foamy liquid even from liquid that contains particles etc. and thus has been unable to be foamed. 
     The present invention relates to a foaming dispenser having a mixing chamber configured to mix a liquid and a gas to foam the liquid, a first liquid passage configured to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber, and a discharge opening configured to discharge the foamed liquid. Furthermore, the mixing chamber includes a plurality of second liquid passages branching and extending from the first liquid passage, a liquid passage meeting where one second liquid passage meets another second liquid passage, a gas passage configured to supply the gas to the liquid flowing from the plurality of second liquid passages to the liquid passage meeting, and a hole that is provided on a downstream side of the gas passage and communicates with the discharge opening. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an explanatory diagram illustrating the appearance of a foaming dispenser container  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a side cross-section of a foaming dispenser cap  200  according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of a region A indicated by a broken line in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of a foamer mechanism  300  according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 6  is an explanatory diagram of a first member  310  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 7  is an explanatory diagram of a second member  330  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 8  is an explanatory diagram of a fourth member  370  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 9  is an explanatory diagram for describing liquid passages  402  provided on the fourth member  370  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 10  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of a foamer mechanism  300   a  according to a second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 12  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of a foamer mechanism  300   b  according to a modification of the second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 13  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300   b  according to the embodiment; 
         FIG. 14  is an explanatory diagram illustrating the appearance of a foaming dispenser container  10   a  according to a third embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 15  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a side cross-section of a foaming dispenser cap  200   a  according to the embodiment; and 
         FIG. 16  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT(S) 
     Hereinafter, referring to the appended drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. It should be noted that, in this specification and the appended drawings, structural elements that have substantially the same function and structure are denoted with the same reference numerals, and repeated explanation thereof is omitted. Note that, in this description and the drawings, similar structural elements of different embodiments are sometimes distinguished from each other using different alphabets after the same reference sign. However, when there is no need in particular to distinguish similar structural elements, the same reference sign alone is attached. 
     The drawings referred to in the following description are intended to assist the description of embodiments of the present invention and understanding thereof, and for easy understanding, shapes, dimensions, ratios, etc. illustrated in the drawings are different from actual ones in some cases. In addition, description about a specific shape in the following description does not only mean a case of geometrically having the shape, but means that shapes similar to the shape and having differences to an extent allowable in manufacture and use of a foaming dispenser container are also included. For example, in the case where an expression of “circular” or “substantially circular” is used in the following description, the expression also means a shape similar to a perfect circle, such as an ellipse, without being limited to a perfect circle. Furthermore, “substantially the same” used for specific lengths and shapes in the following description does not only mean a case of completely matching mathematically or geometrically, but means that values and similar shapes having differences to an extent allowable in manufacture and use of a foaming dispenser container are also included. 
     In addition, in the following description, a vertical direction is defined with respect to a foaming dispenser container according to an embodiment of the present invention. In detail, the vertical direction in the following description means a vertical direction when, in a foaming dispenser container described later, a container body is disposed on the lower side and a foaming dispenser cap on the upper side. However, the vertical direction is sometimes different from a vertical direction of a foaming dispenser container and an element (component) constituting the foaming dispenser container in manufacture and use of a foaming dispenser container  10 . Furthermore, in the following description, “upstream” and “downstream” mean relative positions of flow of liquid or gas; in detail, in regard to flow of liquid and gas, a position close to a starting point of the flow is called an upstream side, and a position relatively far from the starting point as compared with the “upstream” side is called a “downstream” side. 
     Furthermore, in the following description, foamy liquid means liquid in a state of including a plurality of bubbles that are spherical or shaped like spheres by the liquid involving the bubbles. Therefore, in the following description, a size (specifically, a diameter of the sphere, etc.) of a bubble included in foamy liquid, distribution density of bubbles, etc. are not particularly limited, and the bubble size and distribution density change in accordance with uses of the liquid, for example. 
     &lt;&lt;Schematic Configuration of Foaming Dispenser Container  10 &gt;&gt; 
     The foaming dispenser container  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention is a container capable of mixing liquid stored in a container body  100  described later with gas taken in from the outside of the container body  100  to make the liquid foamy, and discharging the foamy liquid to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10 . First, a schematic configuration of the foaming dispenser container  10  according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 1  is an explanatory diagram illustrating the appearance of the foaming dispenser container  10 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the foaming dispenser container  10  according to the present embodiment mainly includes the container body  100  in which liquid is stored and a foaming dispenser cap  200  that is detachably attached to the container body  100 . An overview of each part of the foaming dispenser container  10  is described below. 
     Note that the foaming dispenser container  10  described below is a container what is called a pump foamer that has a manual pump and can make liquid foamy and discharge the foamy liquid by a head  230  of the foaming dispenser cap  200 , which is described later, being pushed down by a user&#39;s finger etc. That is, in the following description, the foaming dispenser container  10  is described as a pump-foamer-type container. However, the foaming dispenser container  10  according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a pump-foamer-type container. For example, the foaming dispenser container  10  may be a container what is called a squeeze foamer that can make liquid foamy and discharge the foamy liquid by the container body  100  being squeezed by the user. 
     (Container Body  100 ) 
     The container body  100  has a space in which liquid can be stored. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the container body  100  includes a cylindrical (circular tubular) barrel  102 , a cylindrical neck  104  connected to the upper side of the barrel  102 , and a bottom  106  blocking a lower end of the barrel  102 . In detail, the barrel  102  can have a space for storing liquid by its lower end being blocked by the bottom  106 . Furthermore, the neck  104  is provided with an opening, and part of the foaming dispenser cap  200  described later can be inserted into the opening. Note that in the present embodiment, a shape of the container body  100  is not limited to the shape illustrated in  FIG. 1 , and may be another shape. 
     Liquid to be stored in the container body  100  is, for example, any of various liquids to be used in a foamy form, such as a face wash, hand soap, body soap, a cleanser, various detergents (e.g., for dishes or for baths), a hairdressing, shaving cream, skin cosmetics (e.g., foundation or a serum), a hair dye, and an antiseptic, and is not particularly limited. Furthermore, viscosity of the liquid is not particularly limited, but at 25° C., for example, is preferably 2 centipoise (cP) or more, preferably equal to or greater than 10 cP and equal to or less than 20000 cP; 20 cP or more is further preferable and 30 cP or more is still further preferable, and 10000 cP or less is further preferable and 2000 cP or less is still further preferable. Note that the viscosity of the liquid can be measured using a B-type viscometer, for example. Note that as measurement conditions in measuring viscosity, the type of rotor, rotational speed, and rotation time defined on the basis of a viscosity level for each viscometer can be selected as appropriate. 
     In addition, liquid to be stored in the container body  100  can contain particles or powder (fine particles). The particles or powder may be, besides a solid such as an exfoliator, particles of solid fat or oil droplets (emulsion). Furthermore, as the particles or powder, one or more types of particles, fine particles, or additive selected from particles, fine particles, or various additives such as solid polymer particles, wax, an ultraviolet scattering agent, solid oil particles, an abrasive, silica, or an organic additive, may be contained. A particle size of such particles etc. is preferably equal to or greater than 0.001 μm and equal to or less than 1000 μm; 0.1 μm or more is further preferable and 0.5 μm or more is still further preferable, and 700 μm or less is further preferable and 500 μm or less is still further preferable. Note that the particle size of the particles etc. means a diameter of a sphere constituting the particles etc. A value of the particle size can be obtained by, for example, measuring distribution of particle sizes of particles by a laser diffraction scattering method using a laser scattering particle distribution analyzer LA-920 from Horiba, Ltd. 
     (Foaming Dispenser Cap  200 ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the foaming dispenser cap  200  can be detachably attached to the neck  104  of the container body  100  described above by a fixing method such as screwing. The foaming dispenser cap  200  mainly includes a cap member  210  configured to be attached to the neck  104 , a cylinder  220  fixed to the cap member  210  and constituting a liquid supply unit and a gas supply unit described later, and a head  230  that discharges foamy liquid to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10 . 
     In detail, the cap member  210  includes a cylindrical attachment part  212 , and the entire foaming dispenser cap  200  can be attached to the container body  100  by the attachment part  212  being screwed, for example, with the neck  104 . In other words, the foaming dispenser cap  200  blocks the opening of the neck  104  by the foaming dispenser cap  200  being attached to the neck  104 . Note that the attachment part  212  may have a double-wall tube structure, and in such a case, an inner tube of the attachment part  212  is screwed, for example, with the neck  104 . Furthermore, the cap member  210  includes an annular blocking part  214  blocking an upper end part of the attachment part  212 , and a standing tube  216  standing upward from a central part of the annular blocking part  214  (a central part in planar view of the annular blocking part  214 ). The standing tube  216  has a cylindrical shape having a smaller diameter than the attachment part  212 , and part of the cylinder  220  described later is inserted into the standing tube  216 . 
     Furthermore, the cylinder  220  includes a foamer mechanism (mixing chamber)  300  that mixes liquid and gas to make the liquid foamy, a liquid supply unit configured to supply liquid stored in the container body  100  to the foamer mechanism (mixing chamber)  300 , and a gas supply unit that takes in gas from the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10  and supplies the gas to the foamer mechanism  300 . In detail, the liquid supply unit is a liquid cylinder constituting a liquid pump, for example, and applies pressure to liquid in a liquid pump chamber  280  (liquid chamber) described later (see  FIG. 2 ) to supply the liquid to the foamer mechanism  300 . In addition, the gas supply unit is a gas cylinder constituting a gas pump, for example, and applies pressure to gas in a gas pump chamber  260  (gas chamber) described later (see  FIG. 2 ) to supply the gas to the foamer mechanism  300 . Note that details of the liquid supply unit, the gas supply unit, and the foamer mechanism  300  are described later with reference to other drawings. In addition, an upper end of the cylinder  220  is blocked by the head  230  described later. 
     Note that in the following description, the gas to be mixed with liquid in the foamer mechanism  300  means air (outside air) including nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. taken in from the outside to the inside of the foaming dispenser container  10 . However, in the present embodiment, the gas is not limited to air, and for example, the gas may be gas including any of various gaseous components stored in advance in the container body  100  etc. of the foaming dispenser container  10 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the head  230  includes a nozzle  240  provided as an object integrated with the head  230 . Furthermore, a tip of the nozzle  240  is provided with a discharge opening  242 . An internal space of the nozzle  240  communicates with the foamer mechanism  300 , and liquid foamed in the foamer mechanism  300  can be discharged to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10  from the discharge opening  242 . 
     Furthermore, the head  230  is configured to be vertically movable. In detail, the head  230  includes an operating part  232  that undergoes push-down operation by the user&#39;s finger etc. In addition, the nozzle  240  is provided to project from the operating part  232 , as illustrated in  FIG. 1 . Specifically, in the case where push-down operation is performed on the operating part  232 , and the head  230  is pushed down relatively to the attachment part  212 , the liquid supply unit applies pressure to liquid in the liquid pump chamber  280  (see  FIG. 2 ) to supply the liquid to the foamer mechanism  300 , and the gas supply unit applies pressure to gas in the gas pump chamber  260  (see  FIG. 2 ) to supply the gas to the foamer mechanism  300 . In addition, the head  230  includes a tubular part  234  drooping downward from the operating part  232 . 
     &lt;&lt;Detailed Configuration of Foaming Dispenser Cap  200 &gt;&gt; 
     Next, a detailed configuration of the foaming dispenser cap  200  described above is described with reference to  FIGS. 2 and 3 .  FIG. 2  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a side cross-section of the foaming dispenser cap  200  according to the embodiment of the present invention. In addition,  FIG. 3  is an enlarged view of a region A indicated by a broken line in  FIG. 2 . As described above, the foaming dispenser cap  200  according to the present embodiment mainly includes the head  230 , the cylinder  220 , and the cap member  210 . Furthermore, the foaming dispenser cap  200  includes a piston guide  290  as illustrated in  FIG. 2 . A detailed configuration of each part of the foaming dispenser cap  200  is described below. 
     (Head  230 ) 
     As described above, the head  230  includes the operating part  232 , and the tubular part  234  drooping downward from the operating part  232 . In detail, the tubular part  234  is indirectly supported by the cylinder  220 , the piston guide  290  described later, a coil spring  272 , etc. The head  230  can be pushed down (move down) within a predetermined range against biasing by the coil spring  272 . Specifically, in a state where push-down operation is cancelled, the head  230  moves up relatively to the cap member  210  along a vertical direction in accordance with biasing by the coil spring  272 , and moves to an upper stop point. On the other hand, when the user performs push-down operation on the head  230  (in detail, the operating part  232 ) against biasing by the coil spring  272 , the head  230  moves down relatively to the cap member  210 . In detail, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the tubular part  234  has a double-wall tube structure, and includes an outer tube  234   a  and an inner tube  234   b . In the vertical movement of the head  230 , the standing tube  216  of the cap member  210  can move in the vertical direction while ensuring a narrow-width passage that enables air suction between the outer tube  234   a  and the inner tube  234   b.    
     (Foamer Mechanism  300 ) 
     As described above, the foamer mechanism  300  is a mechanism configured to mix liquid and gas to make the liquid foamy, and is accommodated in the inner tube  234   b  of the tubular part  234  of the head  230 , as illustrated in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . As described above, the upper side of the foamer mechanism  300  communicates with the internal space of the nozzle  240  of the head  230 ; hence, liquid foamed in the foamer mechanism  300  can be discharged to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10  via the discharge opening  242  of the nozzle  240 . On the other hand, the lower side of the foamer mechanism  300  faces a non-return valve that is constituted by a ball valve  180  and a valve seat  131  provided inside the piston guide  290  described later and allows liquid supply to the foamer mechanism  300 . Therefore, the foamer mechanism  300  can receive supply of liquid from the liquid supply unit located below the ball valve  180 , and prevent return of liquid from the foamer mechanism  300  to the liquid supply unit, with the vertical movement of the ball valve  180  of the non-return valve. Note that details of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described later. 
     (Piston Guide  290 ) 
     The piston guide  290  is a cylindrical member located below the above-described foamer mechanism  300  and extending long along the vertical direction, and is fixed to the head  230 . A liquid piston  270  described later is fixed to the head  230  via the piston guide  290 . Furthermore, the head  230 , the piston guide  290 , and the liquid piston  270  can integrally move along the vertical direction. In addition, the cylindrical valve seat  131  is formed inside the upper side of the piston guide  290 , and the ball valve  180  is disposed on the valve seat  131 . The ball valve  180  is held to be vertically movable between a lower end of the foamer mechanism  300  and the valve seat  131 . Furthermore, at the center of the valve seat  131 , a through hole  131   a  that communicates with below the valve seat  131  is provided. That is, the ball valve  180  and the valve seat  131  constitute the non-return valve, and the non-return valve supplies liquid to the foamer mechanism  300  from below the valve seat  131  with the vertical movement of the ball valve  180 . 
     In addition, a gas piston  250  described later is fitted onto the piston guide  290  in a state of being movably inserted, and the gas piston  250  can move along the vertical direction relatively to the piston guide  290 . In addition, a central part of the piston guide  290  in the vertical direction is provided with a flange  233 , and an upper surface of the flange  233  is provided with a circular annular (doughnut-shaped) valve-constituting groove  134 . Furthermore, a tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250  described later is fitted onto an upper part of the piston guide  290  in a state of being movably inserted. The valve-constituting groove  134  and a lower end part of the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250  constitute a gas exhaust valve. In more detail, an outer circumferential surface of a portion of the piston guide  290  onto which the tubular part  251  is fitted is provided with a plurality of passage-constituting grooves (not illustrated) each extending along the vertical direction. Gaps provided between these passage-constituting grooves and an inner circumferential surface of the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250  constitute gas passages through which gas that flows out from the gas pump chamber  260  (gas chamber) described later via the gas exhaust valve flows upward. 
     (Liquid Supply Unit and Gas Supply Unit) 
     Furthermore, in the foaming dispenser cap  200  according to the present embodiment, the liquid supply unit and the gas supply unit are provided inside the cap member  210  and the cylinder  220 , as illustrated in  FIG. 2 . 
     In detail, the cylinder  220  includes, as the gas supply unit, a cylindrical gas cylinder mechanism  221  fixed to the lower surface side of the annular blocking part  214  of the cap member  210 . In addition, the cylinder  220  includes, as the liquid supply unit, a liquid cylinder mechanism  222  provided below the gas cylinder mechanism  221 . Furthermore, the cylinder  220  includes an annular coupling part  223  that couples the gas cylinder mechanism  221  and the liquid cylinder mechanism  222 . More specifically, the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  is provided to droop from the gas cylinder mechanism  221 , and has a cylindrical shape having a smaller diameter than the gas cylinder mechanism  221 . Furthermore, the annular coupling part  223  couples a lower end of the gas cylinder mechanism  221  and an upper end of the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  to each other. Note that in the case where the entire foaming dispenser cap  200  is viewed from above, the gas cylinder mechanism  221 , the liquid cylinder mechanism  222 , the cylinder  220 , and the cap member  210  are disposed in a manner that their central axes exist on the same axis. 
     —Gas Cylinder Mechanism  221 — 
     An upper end part of the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is fixed to the annular blocking part  214  by being fitted to the lower surface side of the annular blocking part  214 . Furthermore, the gas cylinder mechanism  221  includes the gas piston  250 . A space between the gas piston  250  and the annular coupling part  223  in the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is referred to as the gas pump chamber  260  below, and gas can be reserved in the gas pump chamber  260 . In addition, a volume of the gas pump chamber  260  can expand and contract with the vertical movement of the gas piston  250 . 
     The gas piston  250  includes the tubular part  251  having a cylindrical shape and fitted onto a central part of the piston guide  290  in the vertical direction in a state of being movably inserted, and a piston  252  jutting outward from the tubular part  251  in a radial direction. A circumferential edge of the piston  252  is provided with an outer circumferential ring  253 . The outer circumferential ring  253  is circularly in airtight contact with an inner circumferential surface of the gas cylinder mechanism  221 , and can slide with respect to the inner circumferential surface of the gas cylinder mechanism  221  when the gas piston  250  moves vertically. Note that a lower limit position of relative movement of the tubular part  251  with respect to the piston guide  290  is a position where the lower end part of the tubular part  251  meets the valve-constituting groove  134  and the gas exhaust valve enters a closed state. On the other hand, an inner circumferential surface of a lower end part of the tubular part  234  of the head  230  is provided with a regulation mechanism (not illustrated) that regulates upward movement of the tubular part  251  with respect to the piston guide  290  and the tubular part  234 . Therefore, an upper limit position of relative movement of the tubular part  251  with respect to the piston guide  290  is a position where movement of an upper end part of the tubular part  251  is regulated by the regulation mechanism after the gas exhaust valve enters an open state by the lower end part of the tubular part  251  separating from the valve-constituting groove  134 . Furthermore, a portion of the piston  252  near the tubular part  251  is provided with a plurality of suction openings  254  penetrating the piston  252  along the vertical direction. 
     In addition, a circular annular suction valve member  155  is fitted onto the lower side of the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250 . The suction valve member  155  includes a valve body that is an annular membrane jutting outward in the radial direction. The valve body of the suction valve member  155  and the piston  252  constitute a gas suction valve. In detail, when the head  230  moves down, that is, when the gas pump chamber  260  contracts, the valve body of the suction valve member  155  comes into close contact with the piston  252  and thereby the suction openings  254  are blocked. On the other hand, when the head  230  moves up, that is, when the gas pump chamber  260  expands, air pressure in the gas pump chamber  260  decreases, so that the valve body of the suction valve member  155  separates from the piston  252  and the suction openings  254  are opened. Then, gas outside the foaming dispenser container  10  is taken into the gas pump chamber  260  via a gap located between an upper end of the standing tube  216  and the tubular part  234 . 
     Furthermore, the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is provided with a through hole  229  that penetrates between the inside and outside of the gas cylinder mechanism  221 . In a state where the head  230  is not pushed down and the head  230  is stopped above, the through hole  229  is blocked by the outer circumferential ring  253  of the gas piston  250 . Furthermore, in the case where the head  230  is pushed down and the state where the through hole  229  is blocked by the outer circumferential ring  253  transitions to an unblocked state, gas outside the foaming dispenser container  10  flows into the container body  100  via the gap located between the upper end of the standing tube  216  and the tubular part  234 , and the through hole  229 . By the gas thus flowing in, a space (gas) located above a liquid surface of liquid in the container body  100  has the same air pressure as atmospheric pressure. 
     Note that an operation when the gas cylinder mechanism  221  supplies liquid to the foamer mechanism  300  in the present embodiment will be described later. 
     —Liquid Cylinder Mechanism  222 — 
     The liquid cylinder mechanism  222  includes the liquid piston  270 . In the following description, a space provided between the non-return valve constituted by the ball valve  180  and the valve seat  131  and a liquid suction valve described later in the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  is referred to as the liquid pump chamber  280  (liquid chamber). The liquid pump chamber  280  can reserve liquid, and a volume of the liquid pump chamber  280  can expand and contract with the vertical movement of the liquid piston  270  and the piston guide  290 . 
     In detail, the liquid piston  270  has a cylindrical (circular tubular) shape. The liquid piston  270  can be fixed to the piston guide  290  by a lower end part of the piston guide  290  being inserted to an upper end part of the liquid piston  270 . In addition, a straight part  222   a  of the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  is provided below a lower end of the liquid piston  270 . 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  includes a poppet  276  that is a stick member extending along the vertical direction. The poppet  276  penetrates the liquid piston  270 , and is inserted through the inside of the piston guide  290  to the inside of the liquid cylinder mechanism  222 . The poppet  276  can move along the vertical direction relatively to the liquid piston  270 . In addition, a lower end part of the poppet  276  constitutes a valve body  278 . A lower surface of the valve body  278  can come into liquid-tight close contact with a valve seat  224  described later. The valve body  278  and the valve seat  224  constitute a liquid suction valve. In addition, an upper end part of the valve body  278  is provided with a spring bearing  274  that undergoes downward biasing from the coil spring  272  described later. 
     In addition, the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  includes the coil spring  272 , and the coil spring  272  is fitted onto an intermediate part (in detail, an intermediate part in the vertical direction) of the poppet  276  in a state of being movably inserted. The coil spring  272  is, for example, a compression coil spring, and is held in a compressed state. Therefore, the coil spring  272  can bias the liquid piston  270 , the piston guide  290 , and the head  230  upward. 
     Furthermore, the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  includes the straight part  222   a  having a straight shape extending along the vertical direction, and a diameter-reduced part  222   b  connected below the straight part  222   a  and whose diameter is reduced downward. An inner circumference of a lower end part of the straight part  222   a  is provided with the spring bearing  274  that receives a lower end of the coil spring  272 . In addition, a lower part of an inner circumferential surface of the diameter-reduced part  222   b  is provided with the valve seat  224  forming a pair with the valve body  278 . 
     Furthermore, the diameter-reduced part  222   b  includes a cylindrical tube holding part  225  connected below the diameter-reduced part  222   b . By an upper end part of a dip tube  228  being inserted to the tube holding part  225 , the dip tube  228  is held by a lower end part of the cylinder  220 . Thus, liquid in the container body  100  is sucked into the liquid pump chamber  280  via the dip tube  228 . 
     In detail, when the head  230  is pushed down and the piston guide  290  moves down, friction between the piston guide  290  and an upper end part of the poppet  276  causes the poppet  276  to follow the piston guide  290 , and the lower surface of the valve body  278  of the poppet  276  comes into liquid-tight contact with the valve seat  224  of the cylinder  220 . At this time, the spring bearing  274  separates from the lower end of the coil spring  272  and moves down. After that, when, furthermore, the head  230 , the piston guide  290 , and the liquid piston  270  integrally move down after the lower surface of the valve body  278  comes into close contact with the valve seat  224 , downward movement of the valve body  278  is regulated by the valve seat  224 . Therefore, the piston guide  290  can move down relatively to the poppet  276  while frictionally sliding with respect to the upper end part of the poppet  276 . 
     On the other hand, when the user&#39;s push-down operation on the head  230  is cancelled, and the liquid piston  270 , the piston guide  290 , and the head  230  integrally move up in accordance with biasing by the coil spring  272 , first, the poppet  276  moves up to follow the piston guide  290  until the spring bearing  274  contacts the lower end of the coil spring  272 . Thus, the valve body  278  and the valve seat  224  separate from each other. After that, the liquid piston  270 , the piston guide  290 , and the head  230  continue to move up integrally in accordance with biasing by the coil spring  272 . At this time, since upward movement of the poppet  276  is regulated by the coil spring  272 , the piston guide  290  moves up relatively to the poppet  276  while the upper end part of the poppet  276  frictionally slides with respect to the piston guide  290 . As a result, the valve body  278  of the poppet  276  slightly moves up in a gap between the lower end of the coil spring  272  and the valve seat  224 , so that the liquid suction valve at a lower end part of the liquid pump chamber  280  opens with the upward movement of the valve body  278 , and liquid is sucked into the liquid pump chamber  280  via the liquid suction valve. 
     Note that a packing  190  is fitted onto the upper end part of the cylinder  220 . In a state where the cap member  210  is attached to the container body  100  by screwing etc., an internal space of the container body  100  can be enclosed by the packing  190  being in airtight contact with an upper end of the neck  104 . 
     &lt;&lt;Operation&gt;&gt; 
     Next, an operation of the gas cylinder mechanism  221  and the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  supplying gas and liquid to the foamer mechanism  300  in the embodiment of the present invention is described. 
     By the user performing push-down operation on the head  230 , the liquid pump chamber  280  contracts. At this time, pressure is applied to liquid in the liquid pump chamber  280 , so that the non-return valve constituted by the ball valve  180  and the valve seat  131  opens, and the liquid in the liquid pump chamber  280  is supplied to the foamer mechanism  300  via the non-return valve. 
     On the other hand, when the head  230  is subjected to push-down operation, the gas pump chamber  260  also contracts. At this time, pressure is applied to gas in the gas pump chamber  260 , and the gas piston  250  slightly moves up with respect to the piston guide  290 ; thus, the gas exhaust valve constituted by the tubular part  251  and the valve-constituting groove  134  opens. As a result, the gas in the gas pump chamber  260  is sent upward via the gas exhaust valve and gas passages (not illustrated) provided between the tubular part  251  and the piston guide  290 . Furthermore, a gas passage (not illustrated) constituted by a gap between the inner circumferential surface of the lower end part of the tubular part  234  and an outer circumferential surface of the piston guide  290  is provided above the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250 . The gas passage communicates with the gas passages provided between the tubular part  251  and the piston guide  290 ; hence, the gas in the gas pump chamber  260  is supplied to the foamer mechanism  300  via the gas exhaust valve, the gas passages provided between the tubular part  251  and the piston guide  290 , and the gas passage provided between the inner circumferential surface of the lower end part of the tubular part  234  and the outer circumferential surface of the piston guide  290 . 
     In more detail, first, in a normal state where the head  230  is not subjected to push-down operation, the head  230  is stopped at an upper limit position. In this state, the spring bearing  274  of the poppet  276  is in contact with the lower end of the coil spring  272 , and the valve body  278  is slightly separated upward from the valve seat  224 . Therefore, the liquid suction valve constituted by the valve body  278  and the valve seat  224  is in an open state. In addition, in this state, the ball valve  180  is in contact with the valve seat  131 , and the non-return valve constituted by the ball valve  180  and the valve seat  131  is in a closed state. 
     Furthermore, in this state, the lower end part of the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250  is engaged in the valve-constituting groove  134  on the upper surface of the flange  233  of the piston guide  290 , and the gas exhaust valve constituted by the lower end of the tubular part  251  and the valve-constituting groove  134  is in a closed state. Furthermore, the valve body of the suction valve member  155  is in contact with the piston  252  of the gas piston  250 , and the gas suction valve constituted by the valve body of the suction valve member  155  and the piston  252  is in a closed state. In addition, the through hole  229  of the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is blocked by the outer circumferential ring  253  of the gas piston  250 . 
     Then, by the user pushing down the head  230 , the piston guide  290  and the liquid piston  270  move down integrally with the head  230 . With this downward movement, the coil spring  272  is compressed, and the volume of the liquid pump chamber  280  contracts. In an early stage of a process in which the piston guide  290  and the liquid piston  270  move down, the poppet  276  is caused to slightly move down to follow the piston guide  290  by friction with the piston guide  290 . Thus, the valve body  278  comes into liquid-tight contact with the valve seat  224 , and the liquid suction valve enters a closed state. 
     Furthermore, after the liquid suction valve enters a closed state, the liquid piston  270  further moves down, so that the volume of the liquid pump chamber  280  contracts, and pressure is applied to the liquid in the liquid pump chamber  280 , and the liquid is sent upward. As a result, pressure of the sent liquid causes the ball valve  180  to float up from the valve seat  131 , and the non-return valve enters an open state. Then, the liquid is supplied from the liquid pump chamber  280  to the foamer mechanism  300  via the non-return valve. 
     In addition, in the early stage of the process in which the liquid piston  270  and the piston guide  290  move down by the head  230  being pushed down, the gas piston  250  moves up relatively to the piston guide  290 . Thus, the lower end part of the tubular part  251  of the gas piston  250  separates upward from the valve-constituting groove  134  of the flange  233 , and the gas exhaust valve enters an open state. 
     After that, by the upper end part of the tubular part  251  coming into contact with the tubular part  234 , relative upward movement of the gas piston  250  with respect to the head  230  and the piston guide  290  is regulated, and from then on, the gas piston  250  moves down integrally with the head  230  and the piston guide  290 . As a result, the volume of the gas pump chamber  260  contracts, pressure is applied to the gas in the gas pump chamber  260 , and the gas in the gas pump chamber  260  is supplied to the foamer mechanism  300  via the gas exhaust valve etc. 
     First Embodiment 
     Next, the foamer mechanism  300  according to a first embodiment of the present invention is described. The foamer mechanism  300  is a mechanism capable of mixing gas and liquid supplied from the gas cylinder mechanism  221  and the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  described above to foam the liquid. Details of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment are described below. 
     &lt;Configuration of Foamer Mechanism  300 &gt; 
     First, a configuration of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 .  FIG. 4  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, illustrates a perspective view of a cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300  obtained by cutting the foamer mechanism  300  along the vertical direction so as to pass through a central axis of the foamer mechanism  300 .  FIG. 5  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment, and shows a perspective view when components are viewed from below. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment includes a combination of four members of, from below, a first member  310 , a second member  330 , a third member  350 , and a fourth member  370 . In other words, the foamer mechanism  300  includes the first member  310 , the second member  330 , the third member  350 , and the fourth member  370  stacked in this order. 
     In detail, in the foamer mechanism  300 , part of the second member  330  is inserted into the first member  310 , and the first member  310  and the second member  330  have center axes existing on the same axis, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 . Furthermore, a liquid passage (first liquid passage)  400  is provided to penetrate, along the vertical direction, central parts of the first member  310  and the second member  330  (respective central parts of the first member  310  and the second member  330  in planar view) aligned on the same axis. To the liquid passage  400 , liquid supplied from the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  described above is supplied via the non-return valve constituted by the ball valve  180  and the valve seat  131 . Furthermore, the liquid passage  400  supplies liquid to liquid passages (second liquid passages)  402  provided on the lower surface side of the fourth member  370  that mixes liquid and gas. 
     In addition, in the second member  330 , a plurality of (e.g., four) gas passages  410  penetrating the second member  330  along the vertical direction are provided to surround the liquid passage  400  in the central part. Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the gas passages  410  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more. Furthermore, to the gas passages  410 , gas supplied from the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is supplied via the gas exhaust valve constituted by the tubular part  251  and the valve-constituting groove  134 , the gas passages (not illustrated) provided between the tubular part  251  and the piston guide  290 , and the gas passage (not illustrated) constituted by the gap between the inner circumferential surface of the lower end part of the tubular part  234  and the outer circumferential surface of the piston guide  290 . 
     Furthermore, the gas passages  410  supply gas to the liquid passages  402  provided on the lower surface side of the fourth member  370  via the third member  350  including a porous member and provided to be sandwiched between the second member  330  and the fourth member  370 . Note that in  FIG. 4 , the liquid passage  400  and the gas passages  410  described above extend along the vertical direction, that is, extend to be parallel to each other. 
     Furthermore, the fourth member  370  provided to be in contact with the second member  330  via the third member  350  is provided with a plurality of (e.g., eight) axial through holes (holes)  420  penetrating the fourth member  370  along the vertical direction. Liquid and gas supplied to the liquid passages  402  provided on the lower surface side of the fourth member  370  mix with each other into foamy liquid. Then, the foamy liquid is pushed out by liquid and gas newly supplied to the liquid passages  402 , thus being exhausted to the upper surface side of the fourth member  370  via the axial through holes  420 . Furthermore, as described above, the exhausted foamy liquid is discharged to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10  from the discharge opening  242  of the nozzle  240  of the cap member  210 . That is, it can be said that the axial through holes  420  are provided on the downstream side of the gas passages  410 , and communicate with the discharge opening  242 . Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the axial through holes  420  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more, still further preferably eight or more. 
     Furthermore, details of each of the four members, the first member  310 , the second member  330 , the third member  350 , and the fourth member  370 , constituting the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment will be described. 
     (First Member  310 ) 
     First, details of the first member  310  are described with reference to  FIG. 6 .  FIG. 6  is an explanatory diagram of the first member  310  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, includes, from above, a top view of the first member  310 , a cross-sectional view of the first member  310  obtained by cutting the first member  310  along the vertical direction, and a bottom view of the first member  310 . In more detail, the cross-sectional view corresponds to a cross-section of the first member  310  obtained by cutting the first member  310  along line A-A′ in the top view. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the first member  310  mainly includes a combination of two tubular members and a plurality of vane-shaped members. In detail, the first member  310  mainly includes a tubular small diameter part  312 , a tubular large diameter part  314  located above the small diameter part  312  and having a larger diameter than the small diameter part  312 , and a plurality of (e.g., four) vane-shaped projections  316  projecting downward from a lower end of the small diameter part  312 . 
     In more detail, as illustrated in the top view of the first member  310 , the large diameter part  314  includes a bottom plate  318  provided horizontally inside its central part, an axial through hole  320  provided in a central part of the bottom plate  318 , and an outer circumferential wall  324  provided to surround an outer circumference of the bottom plate  318 . In detail, the axial through hole  320  penetrates the central part of the bottom plate  318  along the vertical direction. In addition, an outer circumferential surface of the outer circumferential wall  324  is provided with a plurality of (e.g., four) axial grooves  322  extending along the vertical direction. These axial grooves  322  are provided on the outer circumferential surface at equiangular intervals along a circumferential direction. Furthermore, in the case where the large diameter part  314  is viewed from above, a groove  326  is provided between the bottom plate  318  and the outer circumferential wall  324 . 
     In addition, as illustrated in the cross-sectional view and the bottom view of the first member  310 , on the outer circumferential surface of the outer circumferential wall  324  of the large diameter part  314 , an outer circumferential wall  328  having a smaller diameter than the outer circumferential wall  324  is provided below a lower end of the outer circumferential wall  324  to surround an outer circumferential surface of the small diameter part  312 . 
     In addition, in the case where the first member  310  is viewed from below, a groove  327  is provided between the outer circumferential wall  324  and the outer circumferential wall  328 . Furthermore, a groove  325  is provided between the outer circumferential wall  328  and the small diameter part  312 . These axial grooves  322  and grooves  325 ,  326 , and  327  can function as gas passages for communicating with the gas passages  410  of the second member  330  and sending gas. 
     In addition, the axial through hole  320  communicates with the tubular small diameter part  312 , and part of the second member  330  described later is engaged in a space formed by their communication. By such engagement, the first member  310  and the second member  330  are fixed to each other. Furthermore, a size of an inner diameter of the small diameter part  312  is substantially the same as an inner diameter of the axial through hole  320 , but is smaller than the inner diameter of the axial through hole  320  at the lower end of the small diameter part  312 . 
     Furthermore, the plurality of vane-shaped projections  316  are disposed at equiangular intervals along the circumferential direction of the lower end of the small diameter part  312 . Lower ends of vanes of the projections  316  face the ball valve  180  described above. Therefore, in the case where the ball valve  180  moves upward, the ball valve  180  comes into contact with lower ends of the projections  316 ; hence, the lower ends of the projections  316  can regulate the upward movement of the ball valve  180 . Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the projections  316  is not particularly limited, but is preferably three or more, further preferably four or more. 
     (Second Member  330 ) 
     Next, details of the second member  330  are described with reference to  FIG. 7 .  FIG. 7  is an explanatory diagram of the second member  330  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, includes, from above, a top view of the second member  330 , a cross-sectional view of the second member  330  obtained by cutting the second member  330  along the vertical direction, and a bottom view of the second member  330 . In more detail, the cross-sectional view corresponds to a cross-section of the second member  330  obtained by cutting the second member  330  along line B-B′ in the top view. 
     As illustrated in the top view and the cross-sectional view of the second member  330 , the second member  330  includes a combination of two tubular members. In detail, the second member  330  includes a tubular large diameter part  332  provided on the upper side of the second member  330 , and a tubular small diameter part  334  inserted into a central part of the large diameter part  332  (a central part in planar view of the large diameter part  332 ) and drooping downward from the central part. The small diameter part  334  has a smaller diameter than the large diameter part  332 , but has a longer long axis than the large diameter part  332 . Furthermore, as illustrated in the top view and the bottom view of the second member  330 , the second member  330  includes a plurality of (e.g., four) rectangular coupling parts  336  that couple the large diameter part  332  and the small diameter part  334 . 
     In more detail, the small diameter part  334  is inserted into the axial through hole  320  of the first member  310  described above, and the inside of the small diameter part  334  communicates with the inside of the small diameter part  312  of the first member  310  to function as the liquid passage (first liquid passage)  400  described above. That is, the liquid passage  400  penetrates the central part of the second member  330  (the central part in planar view of the second member  330 ) along the vertical direction, and can send liquid from the upstream side (below) to the downstream side (above) along the vertical direction. 
     In addition, as illustrated in the top view and the bottom view of the second member  330 , a space between the small diameter part  334  and the large diameter part  332  is partitioned by the plurality of rectangular coupling parts  336  to constitute the plurality of (e.g., four) gas passages  410 . In other words, the plurality of gas passages  410  are provided to surround the liquid passage  400  penetrating the central part of the second member  330  (the central part in planar view of the second member  330 ). The gas passages  410  are provided to penetrate the large diameter part  332  of the second member  330  along the vertical direction, and can send gas from the upstream side (below) to the downstream side (above) along the vertical direction. Furthermore, the gas passage  410  has a substantially fan-shaped opening as illustrated in the top view and the bottom view of the second member  330 , but in the present embodiment, is not particularly limited as long as the plurality of gas passages  410  have substantially the same shape. For example, the shape of the opening of the gas passage  410  may be a rectangle, a circle, an ellipse, or the like. In addition, in the present embodiment, the number of the gas passages  410  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more. 
     (Third Member  350 ) 
     The third member  350  is a porous member sandwiched between the second member  330  and the fourth member  370  as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . The third member  350  can be a circular annular (doughnut-shaped) disk, for example, and its inner diameter is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the small diameter part  312  of the second member  330 , and the third member  350  and the second member  330  are disposed in a manner that their central axes exist on the same axis. That is, liquid sent by the liquid passage  400  of the second member  330  passes through a central part (hollow part) of the circular annular disk; hence, the liquid is supplied to the liquid passages  402  provided on a lower surface of the fourth member  370  without passing through the porous member of the third member  350 . Thus, since the liquid does not pass through the porous member of the third member  350 , even in the case where the liquid includes particles etc., the particles etc. do not cause clogging of the porous member. 
     On the other hand, gas sent by the gas passages  410  of the second member  330  comes into contact with the liquid flowing through the liquid passages  402  provided on the lower surface of the fourth member  370 , via the porous member of the third member  350 , because end faces of the gas passages  410  are in contact with a lower surface (upstream side) of the third member  350 . In detail, the gas sent by the gas passages  410  comes into contact with the liquid flowing through the liquid passages  402 , via the porous member of the third member  350 , at least near the axial through holes  420  (see  FIG. 8 ) of the fourth member  370 , to mix with the liquid. 
     Note that the lower surface of the third member  350  is in close contact with an upper surface of the second member  330 , in detail, in close contact with upper surfaces of the large diameter part  332 , the small diameter part  334 , and the coupling parts  336  of the second member  330 . Furthermore, an upper surface of the third member  350  is in close contact with the lower surface of the fourth member  370 , in detail, in close contact with lower surfaces of liquid passage walls  376  of the fourth member  370 . 
     In the present embodiment, the third member  350  may be fixed to the large diameter part  332  of the second member  330  by fusion or adhesion, or fixed between the second member  330  and the fourth member  370  in a detachable state. In addition, the shape of the third member  350  is not limited to a circular annular (doughnut-shaped) disk as illustrated in  FIG. 5  and may be a cylinder having thickness along the vertical direction, and is not particularly limited. 
     For example, the porous member may be mesh, gauze, a foam, sponge, or a combination of two or more selected from these. In detail, a size of aperture of the porous member is preferably 20 μm or more, further preferably 40 μm or more, and preferably 350 μm or less, further preferably 300 μm or less. The aperture means lengthwise and breadthwise lengths of a rectangular opening in the case where the porous member includes mesh with rectangular openings, and means a diameter of a circle in the case where the porous member has circular openings. More specifically, for example, as the porous member, commercially available mesh sheets of mesh sizes #50 to #550 can be used, and preferably, commercially available mesh sheets of mesh sizes #85 to #350 can be used. As the mesh sheet, for example, #61, #508, #85, and #305 can be used. 
     (Fourth Member  370 ) 
     Next, details of the fourth member  370  are described with reference to  FIGS. 8 and 9 .  FIG. 8  is an explanatory diagram of the fourth member  370  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, includes, from above, a top view of the fourth member  370 , a cross-sectional view of the fourth member  370  obtained by cutting the fourth member  370  along the vertical direction, and a bottom view of the fourth member  370 . In more detail, the cross-sectional view corresponds to a cross-section of the fourth member  370  obtained by cutting the fourth member  370  along line C-C′ in the top view. In addition,  FIG. 9  is an explanatory diagram for describing the liquid passages  402  provided on the lower surface of the fourth member  370  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, is a bottom view of the fourth member  370 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the fourth member  370  is a disk-shaped (circular-plate-shaped, dish-shaped) member. The fourth member  370  is disposed in a manner that its central axis exists on the same axis as the central axis of the second member  330 , and a lower surface of the disk-shaped member of the fourth member  370  is in close contact with the second member  330  via the third member  350  described above. In detail, as illustrated in the top view of the fourth member  370 , the fourth member  370  includes a bottom plate  372  provided horizontally inside its central part, and an outer circumferential wall  374  provided to surround an outer circumference of the bottom plate  372  and extending upward from an upper surface of the bottom plate  372 . A portion projecting from a lower surface of the bottom plate  372  is in airtight contact with the second member  330  via the third member  350  (details are described later). Furthermore, the plurality of (e.g., eight) circular axial through holes  420  penetrating the bottom plate  372  in the vertical direction are provided near the outer circumference of the bottom plate  372 . The plurality of axial through holes  420  are provided at equiangular intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of the bottom plate  372 . As described above, liquid that has been mixed with gas in the liquid passages  402  on the lower surface of the fourth member  370  to be foamed passes through the axial through holes  420  to be exhausted onto the upper surface of the bottom plate  372  surrounded by the outer circumferential wall  374 , in other words, to the upper surface side of the fourth member  370 . Note that in the present embodiment, the shape of the axial through hole  420  is not limited to a circular shape as illustrated in  FIG. 8 , and may be an ellipse, a rectangle, or the like, for example. 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in the bottom view of the fourth member  370 , the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  is provided with the liquid passages  402 . In detail, a central part of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  faces the liquid passage  400  of the second member  330 ; therefore, the liquid sent by the liquid passage  400  hits the central part to flow along an in-plane direction (e.g., a horizontal direction) of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 . That is, the lower surface of the fourth member  370 , in other words, the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 , can change a direction in which liquid flows from the vertical direction to the in-plane direction of the lower surface. 
     In more detail, the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  is provided with a plurality of (e.g., eight) liquid passages  402  branching and extending radially from the central part where the liquid passage  400  meets. In other words, the liquid passages  402  extend along the in-plane direction of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 . Furthermore, the liquid passages  402  extending radially are provided at equiangular intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer circumference of the bottom plate  372 . 
     As illustrated in the bottom view of the fourth member  370 , the plurality of liquid passages  402  have their outlines defined by a plurality of (e.g., eight) substantially fan-shaped (or having a shape of an isosceles triangle lacking the top) liquid passage walls  376  provided to surround the central part of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  and projecting downward from the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 . Lower ends of the liquid passage walls  376  are in airtight contact with a surface of the third member  350  on the downstream side of the gas passages  410 . Therefore, the liquid passage walls  376  can define a flow direction of liquid by being in contact with the third member  350 , and in addition, indirectly regulate upward movement of the third member  350  and the second member  330  located below the third member  350  due to gas supplied from the gas passages  410 . 
     In detail, as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , one liquid passage  402  includes a first portion  402   a  extending radially from the central part of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 , and two second portions  402   b  branching, bending, and extending from the first portion  402   a . The second portion  402   b  may bend from the first portion  402   a  to draw an arc, or may bend from the first portion  402   a  to form a right angle, and is not particularly limited. Furthermore, second portions  402   b  of different plurality of liquid passages  402  communicate with each other to constitute an annular liquid passage  404  extending along the outer circumference of the bottom plate  372 . In addition, the axial through hole  420  described above is provided at a position facing the annular liquid passage  404 , that is, the axial through hole  420  is open to the annular liquid passage  404 . In more detail, the axial through hole  420  is preferably provided to be open to a region where second portions  402   b  of different liquid passages  402  meet each other. In this specification, a region where second portions  402   b  of different liquid passages  402  meet each other is referred to as a liquid passage meeting. That is, it can be said that the liquid passage meeting is a region where the second portion  402   b  of one liquid passage  402  meets the second portion  402   b  of another liquid passage  402 . By being guided to such a liquid passage  402 , the liquid supplied to the central part of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  by the liquid passage  400  branches into the first portion  402   a , further passes through the second portion  402   b , and flows to the liquid passage meeting to flow toward the axial through hole  420 . 
     More specifically, in one liquid passage  402 , the two second portions  402   b  preferably have substantially the same length. Furthermore, in the plurality of liquid passages  402 , it is preferable that the first portions  402   a  have substantially the same length and the second portions  402   b  have substantially the same length. Furthermore, in the plurality of liquid passages  402 , it is preferable that the first portions  402   a  have substantially the same width and the second portions  402   b  have substantially the same width. At the liquid passage meeting, liquids that flow in from two second portions  402   b  flow in directions opposite to each other, and it can be said that the liquids that flow in from the two second portions  402   b  hit each other. However, in the case where the central part of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  where a flow direction has changed is regarded as a starting point, liquids that flow into the liquid passage meeting from two second portions  402   b  have flowed through substantially the same path length, if the first portions  402   a  have substantially the same length and width and the second portions  402   b  have substantially the same length and width, though the paths to the liquid passage meeting are different. Therefore, at the liquid passage meeting, liquids that flow in from two second portions  402   b  have substantially equal flow intensity (flow velocity, pressure), and the liquids from the two second portions  402   b  can flow in toward the liquid passage meeting in good balance. 
     In addition, the liquid passages  402  are entirely open on the lower side, that is, the gas passage  410  side of the second member  330 . That is, the liquid passages  402  entirely communicate with the gas passages  410  via the third member  350 . Therefore, the gas passages  410  can supply gas to the liquid flowing through the liquid passages  402 . Note that in the present embodiment, the liquid passages  402  are not limited to entirely communicating with the gas passages  410 , and for example, the liquid passages  402  and the gas passages  410  may communicate only at the liquid passage meetings or near the liquid passage meetings. 
     Furthermore, as described above, the liquid passages  402  extend along the in-plane direction of the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 . On the other hand, the gas passages  410  extend along a direction perpendicular to the lower surface, that is, the vertical direction. In other words, in places where the liquid passages  402  and the gas passages  410  meet each other, the liquid passages  402  and the gas passages  410  meet perpendicularly to each other. Furthermore, at the liquid passage meeting, the gas passage  410  can supply gas evenly to both of liquids flowing in from two directions in the lower surface of the bottom plate  372  toward the axial through hole  420  in good balance. As a result, in the present embodiment, liquid and gas can sufficiently mix, so that suitable foamy liquid can presumably be obtained. Note that in the present embodiment, the liquid passages  402  and the gas passages  410  are not limited to meeting perpendicularly, as long as the gas passages  410  extend in a direction different from the in-plane direction of the lower surface in which the liquid passages  402  extend, in places where the liquid passages  402  and the gas passages  410  meet each other. 
     Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the liquid passages  402  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more, still further preferably eight or more. 
     As described above, in the present embodiment, the gas passages  410  and the liquid passages  402  have the modes described above; thus, liquid can flow into the axial through hole  420  in good balance from second portions  402   b  of two liquid passages  402  extending in the in-plane direction of the lower surface of the fourth member  370 . Furthermore, from the gas passage  410  extending in a direction different from the in-plane direction, gas can be supplied evenly to both of liquids flowing in from the two second portions  402   b  in good balance. As a result, according to the present embodiment, liquid and gas can sufficiently mix, so that suitable foamy liquid can presumably be obtained. 
     Furthermore, in the present embodiment, gas sent by the gas passages  410  can be supplied to liquid flowing through the liquid passages  402  via the third member  350 , which is a porous member. Thus, in the present embodiment, since the liquid does not pass through the porous member of the third member  350 , even in the case where the liquid includes particles etc., the particles etc. do not cause clogging of the porous member. As a result, even liquid that contains particles etc. and thus has been unable to be foamed can be foamed by the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment. 
     Second Embodiment 
     Furthermore, a foamer mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention may have a mode different from the first embodiment. Hence, details of a foamer mechanism  300   a  having another different mode are described below as a second embodiment of the present invention. 
     &lt;Configuration of Foamer Mechanism  300   a&gt;   
     A configuration of the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 10 and 11 .  FIG. 10  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, illustrates a perspective view of a cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300   a  obtained by cutting the foamer mechanism  300   a  along the vertical direction so as to pass through a central axis of the foamer mechanism  300   a . Note that in  FIG. 10 , for easy understanding, illustration of the third member  350  is omitted. In addition,  FIG. 11  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment, and shows a perspective view when components are viewed from below. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment includes a combination of four members of, from below, a first member  310   a , a second member  330   a , the third member  350 , and a fourth member (contact member)  370   a . In other words, the foamer mechanism  300   a  includes the first member  310   a , the second member  330   a , the third member  350 , and the fourth member  370   a  stacked in this order. 
     In detail, in the foamer mechanism  300   a , part of the second member  330   a  is inserted into the first member  310   a , and the first member  310   a  and the second member  330   a  have center axes existing on the same axis, as illustrated in  FIG. 10 . Furthermore, a liquid passage (first liquid passage)  400   a  is provided to penetrate, along the vertical direction, central parts of the first member  310   a  and the second member  330   a  (respective central parts of the first member  310   a  and the second member  330   a  in planar view) aligned on the same axis. To the liquid passage  400   a , liquid supplied from the liquid cylinder mechanism  222  is supplied via the non-return valve. Furthermore, the liquid passage  400   a  communicates with a central part (central region) of a mixing chamber  430  (a central part in planar view of the mixing chamber  430 ) provided between the second member  330   a  and the fourth member  370   a , thereby supplying liquid to the central part. 
     In addition, in the second member  330   a , a plurality of (e.g., four) gas passages  410   a  penetrating the second member  330   a  along the vertical direction are provided to surround the liquid passage  400   a  located in the central part. Therefore, it can be said that the gas passages  410   a  communicate with a region surrounding the central part of the mixing chamber  430 . Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the gas passages  410   a  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more. Furthermore, to the gas passages  410   a , gas supplied from the gas cylinder mechanism  221  is supplied. Then, the gas passages  410   a  can supply the gas to the region surrounding the central part of the mixing chamber  430  via the third member  350  including a porous member. Note that in the mixing chamber  430 , liquid and gas mix with each other, so that the liquid can be foamed. In addition, in  FIG. 10 , the liquid passage  400   a  and the gas passages  410   a  described above extend along the vertical direction, that is, extend to be parallel to each other. 
     Furthermore, the fourth member  370   a  provided to be in contact with the second member  330   a  via the third member  350  is provided with a plurality of (e.g., four) foamy liquid passages  406  penetrating the fourth member  370   a  along the vertical direction. That is, it can be said that the foamy liquid passages  406  are provided on the downstream side of the gas passages  410   a . The liquid foamed in the mixing chamber  430  is exhausted to the upper surface side of the fourth member  370   a  via the foamy liquid passages  406 . Furthermore, the exhausted foamy liquid is temporarily reserved in a space on the upper surface of the fourth member  370   a , and then discharged to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10  from the discharge opening  242  of the nozzle  240  of the head  230 . In the following description, the space on the upper surface of the fourth member  370   a  is called a reserving chamber  440 , and more suitable foamy liquid can presumably be obtained by temporarily reserving the foamed liquid in the reserving chamber  440 . Therefore, it can also be said that the fourth member  370   a  is a member for partitioning the mixing chamber  430  and the reserving chamber  440 . In other words, the reserving chamber  440  is partitioned by the fourth member  370   a  to be formed on the downstream side of the mixing chamber  430 . Note that in the present embodiment, the number of the foamy liquid passages  406  is not particularly limited, but is preferably two or more, further preferably four or more. 
     Details of the four members, the first member  310   a , the second member  330   a , the third member  350 , and the fourth member  370   a , constituting the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment are described below. Note that the four members constituting the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment have points in common with the four members constituting the foamer mechanism  300  according to the first embodiment; hence, description about the common points is omitted here, and only differences are described. 
     (First Member  310   a ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the first member  310   a  mainly includes a combination of two tubular members and a plurality of vane-shaped members, as in the first embodiment. In detail, the first member  310   a  mainly includes the tubular small diameter part  312 , a tubular large diameter part  314   a  located above the small diameter part  312  and having a larger diameter than the small diameter part  312 , and the plurality of (e.g., four) vane-shaped projections  316  projecting downward from a lower end of the small diameter part  312 . Note that in the present embodiment, the small diameter part  312  and the projections  316  are substantially similar to the small diameter part  312  and the projections  316  of the first member  310  in the first embodiment, and the large diameter part  314   a  is partly different from the large diameter part  314  of the first member  310  in the first embodiment. 
     In detail, the large diameter part  314   a  according to the present embodiment includes an outer circumferential wall  324   a  provided to surround the outer circumference of the bottom plate  318 ; the height of the wall extending upward from an upper surface of the bottom plate  318  is higher, as compared with the outer circumferential wall  324  of the first embodiment. Furthermore, an outer circumferential surface of the outer circumferential wall  324   a  is provided with a plurality of (e.g., four) openings  322   a , instead of the axial grooves  322  according to the first embodiment. Like the axial grooves  322  according to the first embodiment, the openings  322   a  can function as gas passages that communicate with the gas passages  410  of the second member  330  to send gas. 
     (Second Member  330   a ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the second member  330   a  according to the present embodiment includes a combination of two tubular members, like the second member  330  according to the first embodiment. In detail, the second member  330   a  includes the tubular large diameter part  332  provided on the upper side of the second member  330   a , and the tubular small diameter part  334  inserted into a central part of the large diameter part  332  (a central part in planar view of the large diameter part  332 ) and drooping downward from the central part. Note that in the present embodiment, a length of a long axis of the small diameter part  334  in the vertical direction may be longer than that of the small diameter part  334  according to the first embodiment, and the length can be changed as appropriate. 
     (Third Member  350 ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the third member  350  according to the present embodiment includes a porous member that is, for example, a doughnut-shaped (annular, loop-shaped, ring-shaped) disk, like the third member  350  according to the first embodiment. Note that the third member  350  according to the present embodiment is similar to the third member  350  according to the first embodiment; hence, detailed description of the third member  350  is omitted here. 
     (Fourth Member  370   a ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the fourth member  370   a  according to the present embodiment is a disk-shaped member having a mode different from the first embodiment. In detail, the fourth member  370   a  includes the bottom plate  372  that is disk-shaped and provided horizontally inside its central part (a central part in planar view of the fourth member  370   a ), and the plurality of (e.g., four) foamy liquid passages  406  provided at equiangular intervals along the circumferential direction along the outer circumference of the bottom plate  372  to surround a central part of the bottom plate  372  (a central part in planar view of the bottom plate  372 ). The foamy liquid passages  406  penetrate the bottom plate  372  along the vertical direction, and causes the mixing chamber  430  located below the fourth member  370   a  and the reserving chamber  440  located above the fourth member  370   a  to communicate with each other. Therefore, the foamy liquid passages  406  can send liquid foamed in the mixing chamber  430  located between the fourth member  370   a  and the second member  330   a  to the reserving chamber  440  located above the fourth member  370   a . In other words, it can also be said that the fourth member  370   a  is a member that partitions the mixing chamber  430  and the reserving chamber  440 . Furthermore, in the case where the fourth member  370   a  is viewed from above, the foamy liquid passages  406  are illustrated as substantially fan-shaped (or having a shape of an isosceles triangle lacking the top) openings provided to surround the central part of the bottom plate  372 . Note that the opening of the foamy liquid passage  406  is not limited to being substantially fan-shaped as illustrated in  FIG. 10 , and the shape may be a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, or the like, for example. 
     Furthermore, the fourth member  370   a  has a plurality of (e.g., four) legs  380  extending downward from the lower surface of the bottom plate  372 , and lower ends of the legs  380  are in close contact with the second member  330   a  via the third member  350  described above. Therefore, the lower ends of the legs  380  are in contact with a surface of the third member  350  on the downstream side of the gas passages  410   a , and thus can indirectly regulate upward movement of the third member  350  and the second member  330   a  located below the third member  350  due to gas supplied from the gas passages  410   a.    
     As described above, in the present embodiment, gas sent by the gas passages  410   a  can pass through the third member  350 , which is a porous member, to become fine bubbles and be supplied to the mixing chamber  430 . Thus, in the present embodiment, since the liquid does not pass through the porous member of the third member  350 , even in the case where the liquid includes particles etc., the particles etc. do not cause clogging of the porous member. As a result, even liquid that contains particles etc. and thus has been unable to be foamed can be foamed by the foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the present embodiment. 
     &lt;Modification&gt; 
     The foamer mechanism  300   a  according to the second embodiment described above can be further modified. A foamer mechanism  300   b  according to a modification of the present embodiment is described below with reference to  FIGS. 12 and 13 .  FIG. 12  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300   b  according to the present embodiment, and in detail, illustrates a perspective view of a cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300   b  obtained by cutting the foamer mechanism  300   b  along the vertical direction so as to pass through a central axis of the foamer mechanism  300   b . Note that in  FIG. 12 , for easy understanding, illustration of the third member  350  is omitted. In addition,  FIG. 13  is an exploded perspective view of the foamer mechanism  300   b  according to the present embodiment, and shows a perspective view when components are viewed from below. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 12 and 13 , the foamer mechanism  300   b  according to the present embodiment includes a combination of five members of, from below, the first member  310   a , the second member  330   a , the third member  350 , the fourth member (contact member)  370   a , and a fifth member  390 . In other words, the foamer mechanism  300   b  includes the first member  310   a , the second member  330   a , the third member  350 , the fourth member  370   a , and the fifth member  390  stacked in this order. Note that in the present modification, the first member  310   a  to the fourth member  370   a  are similar to the respective members of the second embodiment described above; hence, detailed description of these members is omitted here, and only the fifth member  390  is described. 
     (Fifth Member  390 ) 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 12 and 13 , the fifth member  390  according to the present embodiment is a disk-shaped member provided above the fourth member  370   a . The fifth member  390  is disposed in a manner that its central axis exists on the same axis as the central axis of the fourth member  370   a , and a lower end of an outer circumferential wall  394  described later of the fifth member  390  is in contact with an outer circumferential part of the fourth member  370   a.    
     In detail, the fifth member  390  includes a disk-shaped bottom plate  392  provided horizontally inside its central part (a central part in planar view of the fifth member  390 ), and the outer circumferential wall  394  provided to surround an outer circumference of the bottom plate  392  and extending downward from a lower surface of the bottom plate  392 . Furthermore, the central part of the bottom plate  392  is provided with a circular opening (flow channel)  450  that penetrates the bottom plate  392  along the vertical direction and communicates with the reserving chamber  440  between the fifth member  390  and the fourth member  370   a  and the discharge opening  242  of the nozzle  240  of the head  230  located above the fifth member  390 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 12 , the circular opening  450  and the foamy liquid passages  406  are provided at different positions when viewed from the downstream side. By thus providing the fifth member  390  for dividing space between the discharge opening  242  and the reserving chamber  440 , the fifth member  390  can hamper flow of foamed liquid, and foamed liquid can be reserved in the reserving chamber  440  for a longer time; hence, more suitable foamy liquid can presumably be obtained. 
     Third Embodiment 
     As described above, a foaming dispenser container according to an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to a pump-foamer-type container, and may be what is called a squeeze-foamer-type container that can make liquid foamy and discharge the foamy liquid by a container body being squeezed by the user. Hence, a foaming dispenser container  10   a , which is a squeeze-foamer-type container, is described as a third embodiment of the present invention. The foaming dispenser container  10   a  also is a container capable of mixing liquid stored in a container body  100   a  described later with gas to make the liquid foamy, and discharging the foamy liquid to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10   a.    
     A configuration of the foaming dispenser container  10   a  according to the present embodiment is described with reference to  FIGS. 14 to 16 .  FIG. 14  is an explanatory diagram illustrating the appearance of the foaming dispenser container  10   a .  FIG. 15  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a side cross-section of a foaming dispenser cap  200   a  according to the present embodiment. Furthermore,  FIG. 16  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a perspective cross-section of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the foaming dispenser container  10   a  according to the present embodiment mainly includes the container body  100   a  in which liquid and gas are stored, and the foaming dispenser cap  200   a  that is detachably attached to the container body  100   a . An overview of each part of the foaming dispenser container  10   a  is described below. 
     (Container Body  100   a ) 
     The container body  100   a  has a space capable of storing liquid and gas. A shape of the container body  100   a  is not particularly limited, but is preferably an elastically deformable, flexible container, because it is squeezed by the user&#39;s finger etc. 
     (Foaming Dispenser Cap  200   a ) 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , the foaming dispenser cap  200   a  can be detachably attached to the container body  100   a  described above by a fixing method such as screwing. As illustrated in  FIG. 15 , the foaming dispenser cap  200   a  mainly includes the cap member  210  configured to be attached to the container body  100   a , and the head  230  that is fixed to the cap member  210  and discharges foamy liquid to the outside of the foaming dispenser container  10   a . Furthermore, the cap member  210  can include the foamer mechanism (mixing chamber)  300  according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, as illustrated in  FIG. 15 . The foamer mechanism  300  according to the present embodiment has a configuration substantially similar to that of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the first embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 16 . 
     In the foaming dispenser container  10   a , the container body  100   a  is squeezed by the user and a volume of an internal space contracts, so that pressure is applied to liquid and gas in the container body  100   a ; thus, the liquid and gas are supplied to the foamer mechanism  300 . Furthermore, the foamer mechanism  300  to which liquid and gas are supplied mixes liquid and gas to generate foamy liquid, as in the embodiments described above. 
     In other words, the squeeze-foamer-type foaming dispenser container  10   a  achieves a function similar to that of the foaming dispenser cap (foaming dispenser)  200  of the pump-foamer-type foaming dispenser container  10 , by incorporating the container body  100   a  into the function. In detail, the container body  100   a  according to the present embodiment can function as a liquid chamber, like the liquid pump chamber  280  of the pump-foamer-type foaming dispenser container  10 , which stores liquid to be supplied to the foamer mechanism  300 . In addition, the container body  100   a  can function as a gas chamber, like the gas pump chamber  260  of the pump-foamer-type foaming dispenser container  10 , which stores gas to be supplied to the foamer mechanism  300 . That is, the container body  100   a  is one space, but can function as both a liquid chamber and a gas chamber. 
     Note that in the present embodiment, the included foamer mechanism  300  is not limited to having a configuration similar to that of the foamer mechanism  300  according to the first embodiment, and may have a configuration similar to those of the foamer mechanisms  300   a  and  300   b  according to the second embodiment and its modification, for example. 
     &lt;&lt;Supplement&gt;&gt; 
     Components constituting the foaming dispenser containers according to the embodiments of the present invention described above are not particularly limited, but can be formed using any of various resin materials, for example. In addition, the foaming dispenser container  10  can be manufactured by any of known various types of molding etc. 
     The preferred embodiment(s) of the present invention has/have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, whilst the present invention is not limited to the above examples. A person skilled in the art may find various alterations and modifications within the scope of the appended claims, and it should be understood that they will naturally come under the technical scope of the present invention. 
     With respect to the above-described embodiment, the present invention further discloses the following aspects of the foaming dispenser or the foaming dispenser container. 
     &lt;1&gt; A foaming dispenser comprising: 
     a mixing chamber configured to mix a liquid and a gas to foam the liquid; 
     a first liquid passage configured to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber; and 
     a discharge opening configured to discharge the foamed liquid, 
     wherein the mixing chamber includes
         a plurality of second liquid passages branching and extending from the first liquid passage,   a liquid passage meeting where one second liquid passage meets another second liquid passage,   a gas passage configured to supply the gas to the liquid flowing from the plurality of second liquid passages to the liquid passage meeting, and   a hole that is provided on a downstream side of the gas passage and communicates with the discharge opening.
 
&lt;2&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;1&gt;, wherein the gas passage communicates with the plurality of second liquid passages.
 
&lt;3&gt; The foaming dispenser according to clause &lt;2&gt;, further comprising
       

     a porous member located between the gas passage and the plurality of second liquid passages. 
     &lt;4&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;3&gt;, wherein the gas passage communicates with the plurality of second liquid passages at the liquid passage meeting. 
     &lt;5&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;3&gt; or &lt;4&gt;, wherein the plurality of second liquid passages are open on the gas passage side to communicate with the gas passage. 
     &lt;6&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;5&gt;, wherein 
     liquid passage walls of the plurality of second liquid passages are in contact with a downstream side surface of the porous member, and 
     the downstream side surface is provided on the downstream side of the gas passage. 
     &lt;7&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;1&gt; to &lt;6&gt;, wherein at the liquid passage meeting, the one second liquid passage meets the other second liquid passage in a manner that a direction of flow of the liquid in the one second liquid passage is opposite to a direction of flow of the liquid in the other second liquid passage.
 
&lt;8&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;1&gt; to &lt;7&gt;, wherein the plurality of second liquid passages extend in a plane where the plurality of second liquid passages meet the first liquid passage.
 
&lt;9&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;8&gt;, wherein each of the second liquid passages includes
 
     a first portion branching and extending radially from the first liquid passage in the plane, and 
     a second portion bending and extending from the first portion in the plane. 
     &lt;10&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;9&gt;, wherein the second portion of the one second liquid passage and the second portion of the other second liquid passage meet each other, and thereby the second portions of the plurality of second liquid passages communicate with each other to constitute an annular liquid passage.
 
&lt;11&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;10&gt;, wherein the hole is open to the annular liquid passage.
 
&lt;12&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;8&gt;, wherein each of the second liquid passages includes
 
     a first portion branching and extending radially from the first liquid passage in the plane, and 
     two second portions branching, bending, and extending from the first portion in the plane. 
     &lt;13&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;12&gt;, wherein in each of the second liquid passage, the two second portions have lengths equal to each other. 
     &lt;14&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;13&gt;, wherein in the plurality of second liquid passages, the second portions have lengths equal to each other. 
     &lt;15&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;14&gt;, wherein in the plurality of second liquid passages, the first portions have lengths equal to each other. 
     &lt;16&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;14&gt; or &lt;15&gt;, wherein the hole is open to a region where the second portion of the one second liquid passage and the second portion of the other second liquid passage meet each other. 
     &lt;17&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;8&gt;, wherein 
     the gas passage meets the second liquid passage, and 
     at a position where the gas passage meets the second liquid passage, the gas passage extends along a direction different from a direction in the plane. 
     &lt;18&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;17&gt;, wherein the gas passage extends along a direction in which the first liquid passage extends. 
     &lt;19&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;1&gt; to &lt;18&gt;, wherein the mixing chamber includes four or more second liquid passages. 
     &lt;20&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;1&gt; to &lt;19&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid chamber configured to reserve the liquid; and 
     a gas chamber configured to reserve the gas. 
     &lt;21&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;20&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid supply unit configured to supply the liquid from the liquid chamber to the first liquid passage; and 
     a gas supply unit configured to supply the gas from the gas chamber to the gas passage. 
     &lt;22&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;21&gt;, wherein the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber to supply the liquid to the first liquid passage, and 
     the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber to supply the gas to the gas passage. 
     &lt;23&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;22&gt;, further comprising 
     a head movable in a vertical direction, 
     wherein the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber when the head is pushed down, and the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber when the head is pushed down. 
     &lt;24&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;23&gt;, wherein the head includes an operating part configured to be pushed down by a user. 
     &lt;25&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;20&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are different chambers. 
     &lt;26&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;20&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are a same chamber. 
     &lt;27&gt; A foaming dispenser container comprising: 
     the foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;1&gt; to &lt;24&gt;; and 
     a container body configured to store the liquid. 
     &lt;28&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;27&gt;, further comprising 
     the liquid stored in the container body. 
     &lt;29&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;28&gt;, wherein the liquid includes at least one of powder, particles, and an additive. 
     &lt;30&gt; A foaming dispenser comprising: 
     a mixing chamber configured to mix a liquid and a gas to foam the liquid; 
     a first liquid passage configured to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber; and 
     a discharge opening configured to discharge the foamed liquid, 
     wherein the mixing chamber includes
         a plurality of second liquid passages branching and extending from the first liquid passage, and   a gas passage configured to supply the gas by communicating with the plurality of second liquid passages via a porous member.
 
&lt;31&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;30&gt;, further comprising
       

     a hole that is provided on a downstream side of the gas passage and communicates with the discharge opening. 
     &lt;32&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;30&gt; or &lt;31&gt;, wherein the gas passage communicates with the plurality of second liquid passages. 
     &lt;33&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;32&gt;, wherein the plurality of second liquid passages are open on the gas passage side to communicate with the gas passage. 
     &lt;34&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;33&gt;, wherein 
     liquid passage walls of the plurality of second liquid passages are in contact with a downstream side surface of the porous member, and 
     the downstream side surface is provided on the downstream side of the gas passage. 
     &lt;35&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;30&gt; to &lt;34&gt;, wherein the plurality of second liquid passages extend in a plane where the plurality of second liquid passages meet the first liquid passage. 
     &lt;36&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;35&gt;, wherein each of the second liquid passage includes 
     a first portion branching and extending radially from the first liquid passage in the plane, and 
     a second portion bending and extending from the first portion in the plane. 
     &lt;37&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;36&gt;, wherein in the plurality of second liquid passages, the second portions have lengths equal to each other. 
     &lt;38&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;37&gt;, wherein in the plurality of second liquid passages, the first portions have lengths equal to each other. 
     &lt;39&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;35&gt;, wherein 
     the gas passage meets the second liquid passage, and 
     at a position where the gas passage meets the second liquid passage, the gas passage extends along a direction different from a direction in the plane. 
     &lt;40&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;39&gt;, wherein the gas passage extends along a direction in which the first liquid passage extends. 
     &lt;41&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;30&gt; to &lt;40&gt;, wherein the mixing chamber includes four or more second liquid passages. 
     &lt;42&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;30&gt; to &lt;41&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid chamber configured to reserve the liquid; and 
     a gas chamber configured to reserve the gas. 
     &lt;43&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;42&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid supply unit configured to supply the liquid from the liquid chamber to the first liquid passage; and 
     a gas supply unit configured to supply the gas from the gas chamber to the gas passage. 
     &lt;44&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;43&gt;, wherein 
     the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber to supply the liquid to the first liquid passage, and 
     the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber to supply the gas to the gas passage. 
     &lt;45&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;44&gt;, further comprising 
     a head movable in a vertical direction, 
     wherein the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber when the head is pushed down, and the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber when the head is pushed down. 
     &lt;46&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;45&gt;, wherein the head includes an operating part configured to be pushed down by a user. 
     &lt;47&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;42&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are different chambers. 
     &lt;48&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;42&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are a same chamber. 
     &lt;49&gt; A foaming dispenser container comprising: 
     the foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;30&gt; to &lt;46&gt;; and 
     a container body configured to store the liquid. 
     &lt;50&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;49&gt;, further comprising the liquid stored in the container body. 
     &lt;51&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;50&gt;, wherein the liquid includes at least one of powder, particles, and an additive. 
     &lt;52&gt; A foaming dispenser comprising: 
     a mixing chamber configured to mix a liquid and a gas to foam the liquid; 
     a first liquid passage configured to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber; 
     a gas passage configured to supply the gas to the mixing chamber by communicating with the mixing chamber via a porous member; 
     a contact member in contact with the porous member on a downstream side of the gas passage; 
     a reserving chamber configured to reserve the liquid foamed in the mixing chamber; and 
     a discharge opening configured to discharge the foamed liquid from the reserving chamber, 
     wherein the contact member includes
         a second liquid passage through which the mixing chamber and the reserving chamber communicate with each other.
 
&lt;53&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;52&gt;, further comprising
       

     a flow channel through which the reserving chamber and the discharge opening communicate with each other. 
     &lt;54&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;52&gt; or &lt;53&gt;, wherein the contact member includes a plurality of second liquid passages. 
     &lt;55&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;52&gt; to &lt;54&gt;, wherein 
     the first liquid passage communicates with a center region of the mixing chamber to supply the liquid to the mixing chamber, and 
     the gas passage communicates with a region of the mixing chamber surrounding the center region to supply the gas to the mixing chamber. 
     &lt;56&gt; The foaming dispenser according to any one of clauses &lt;53&gt; to &lt;55&gt;, wherein 
     the reserving chamber is partitioned by a member on the downstream side of the mixing chamber to be formed on the downstream side of the mixing chamber, and the second liquid passage and the flow channel are provided at different positions when viewed from the downstream side. 
     &lt;57&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;52&gt; to &lt;56&gt;, wherein the second liquid passage is provided on the downstream side of the gas passage. 
     &lt;58&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;52&gt; to &lt;57&gt;, wherein the gas passage extends along a direction in which the first liquid passage extends. 
     &lt;59&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;52&gt; to &lt;58&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid chamber configured to reserve the liquid; and 
     a gas chamber configured to reserve the gas. 
     &lt;60&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;59&gt;, further comprising: 
     a liquid supply unit configured to supply the liquid from the liquid chamber to the first liquid passage; and 
     a gas supply unit configured to supply the gas from the gas chamber to the gas passage. 
     &lt;61&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;60&gt;, wherein 
     the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber to supply the liquid to the first liquid passage, and 
     the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber to supply the gas to the gas passage. 
     &lt;62&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;61&gt;, further comprising 
     a head movable in a vertical direction, 
     wherein the liquid supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the liquid in the liquid chamber when the head is pushed down, and the gas supply unit is configured to apply pressure to the gas in the gas chamber when the head is pushed down. 
     &lt;63&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;62&gt;, wherein the head includes an operating part configured to be pushed down by a user. 
     &lt;64&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;59&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are different chambers. 
     &lt;65&gt; The foaming dispenser as set forth in clause &lt;59&gt;, wherein the liquid chamber and the gas chamber are a same chamber. 
     &lt;66&gt; A foaming dispenser container comprising: 
     the foaming dispenser as set forth in any one of clauses &lt;52&gt; to &lt;61&gt;; and 
     a container body configured to store the liquid. 
     &lt;67&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;66&gt;, further comprising 
     the liquid stored in the container body. 
     &lt;68&gt; The foaming dispenser container as set forth in clause &lt;67&gt;, wherein the liquid includes at least one of powder, particles, and an additive. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
     
         
           10 , 10   a  foaming dispenser container 
           100 , 100   a  container body 
           102  barrel 
           104  cylindrical neck 
           106  bottom 
           131  valve seat 
           131   a , 229  through hole 
           134  valve-constituting groove 
           155  suction valve member 
           180  ball valve 
           190  packing 
           200  foaming dispenser cap 
           210  cap member 
           212  attachment part 
           214  annular blocking part 
           216  standing tube 
           220  cylinder 
           221  gas cylinder mechanism 
           222  liquid cylinder mechanism 
           222   a  straight part 
           222   b  diameter-reduced part 
           223  annular coupling part 
           225  tube holding part 
           228  dip tube 
           230  head 
           232  operating part 
           233  flange 
           234 , 251  tubular part 
           234   a  outer tube 
           234   b  inner tube 
           240  nozzle 
           242  discharge opening 
           252  piston 
           253  outer circumferential ring 
           254  suction opening 
           260  gas pump chamber 
           270  liquid piston 
           272  coil spring 
           274  spring bearing 
           276  poppet 
           278  valve body 
           280  liquid pump chamber 
           290  piston guide 
           300 , 300   a , 300   b  foamer mechanism 
           310 , 310   a  first member 
           312 , 334  small diameter part 
           314 , 332  large diameter part 
           316  projection 
           318 , 372 , 392  bottom plate 
           320 , 420  axial through hole 
           322  axial groove 
           322   a , 450  opening 
           324 , 324   a , 328 , 374 , 394  outer circumferential wall 
           325 , 326 , 327  groove 
           330 , 330   a  second member 
           336  coupling part 
           350  third member 
           370 , 370   a  fourth member 
           376  liquid passage wall 
           380  leg 
           390  fifth member 
           400 , 400   a , 402  liquid passage 
           402   a  first portion 
           402   b  second portion 
           404  annular liquid passage 
           406  foamy liquid passage 
           410 , 410   a  gas passage 
           430  mixing chamber 
           440  reserving chamber