Patent Publication Number: US-8523641-B2

Title: System, method and apparatus for automatically filling a coin cassette

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/610,050 filed on Sep. 15, 2004 and entitled “System, Method And Apparatus For Automatically Filling A Coin Cassette” and this provisional application is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This disclosure generally relates to coin tray or coin cassette refill devices. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Coin dispenser trays are widely used as cashier/check out areas and in the self-service check out equipment typically found in places like supermarkets (e.g., Jewel/Osco) and Home Depot. A variety of coin dispensing trays or coin cassettes are provided by a number of manufacturers, each manufacturer possibly offering several tray models having different sizes, arrangements, volumes, denominations, and combinations of coin receptacles for receiving coins in various coin positions. 
     One common coin dispenser is the Asahi Seiko USA, Inc. (www.asusainc.com) HM-4 coin hopper, in which a plurality of hoppers (i.e., 1¢, 5¢, 25¢, $1.00) drop the coins into a single exit chute for delivery to a common coin cup. The HM-4 accepts an AMP drawer plug connection to simplify wiring and the hoppers each slide off of the main base plate to permit servicing of coin jams. As the hoppers are depleted, the cashiers or other designated personnel, fill the individual hoppers with coins. 
     Another popular conventional coin dispenser is the TELQUIP Transact 2+, which employs removable coin canister or cassette. The program software tracks the change being issued and optimizes the use of the coin supply by attempting to even out the distribution of the coins to enable a longer period of time between refills. The Transact 2+ provides a plug and play pre-wire installation with standard RS232 serial port and other register interfaces. TELQUIP advertises that the Transact 2+ enables vendors to save from 5 to 7 seconds on every transaction. However, despite these benefits, the refill operation of the TELQUIP Transact CLS  must be done manually. To facilitate loading of the Transact 2+ coin canister, TELQUIP provides the Transact CLS  (Canister Loading Solution), shown in  FIG. 1 . To use this manual device, one must first remove the clear plastic canister cover by depressing two tabs  70  at the bottom and sliding up until the canister handle hangs toward the back of the canister. Then, the canister stand  10  is placed on a flat surface and the canister  20  assembled to the stand by sliding it down onto two rails  60 . The canister loading device  30  is then attached to the canister by lowering the device onto the canister, engaging the top rear of the canister, then pivoting the bottom of the loading device inwardly to engage the front of the canister. The canister loading device  30  is then slid down until it engages the taps at the base of the canister stand. 
     If the funnel retainer  40  is not already assembled onto the loading device, it is slid onto the two rails at the top of the loading device. The funnel  50  is then attached to the funnel retainer  40  by dropping the funnel onto the retainer with the slots aligned. The funnel  50  is then rotated ¼ turn clockwise, positioned with the opening  52  in the front and the “nose”  54  in the back. To manually position the funnel over the appropriate denomination, the funnel must be lifted slightly and slid until positioned over the appropriate column at which time the funnel is dropped in place so that the shoulder  56  of the funnel is flush with the retainer  40 . At this point, the person performing the filling operation must begin loading coins for that denomination by slowly pouring coins into the funnel either by hand, cup, or directly from the coin bag. They must continue filling until that column is filled to the desired height indicated by the calibration strips on the canister. This work is tedious, time consuming, and must be repeated for each denomination. 
     Despite the advances realized by the aforementioned technology, there remains room for additional improvements to the technology to improve the speed with which coin hoppers and coin canisters may be refilled and returned to service. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to one aspect, an automated coin tray refilling system includes a processor, a plurality of coin reservoirs, and a plurality of coin dispensers for regulating the dispensing of coins from an associated one of the plurality of coin reservoirs. A collector point distribution member is adapted to receive coins from each of the plurality of coin dispensers at one portion thereof and to output the coins at another portion thereof. An interface module having an input end is disposed substantially adjacent the collector point distribution member output and includes an output end for dispensing coins. A coin interface tray is adapted to receive at least one coin tray. The interface module and/or coin interface tray includes a drive system configured to move interface module and/or coin interface tray relative to one another. 
     In another aspect, an automated coin tray refilling system comprises an interface module having an input end adapted to receive coins from a coin source and a variably configurable output end, the variably configurable output end including at least one movable member to adjust a configuration of the output end, for dispensing coins and a coin interface tray adapted to receive at least one coin tray of a predetermined plurality of coin trays. The interface module movable member is adjustable to facilitate coin placement within any one of the predetermined plurality of coin trays. 
     In still another aspect, an automated coin tray refilling system comprises/an interface module having an input end adapted to receive coins from a coin source and an output end for dispensing coins and a coin interface tray adapted to receive at least one coin tray. At least one processor is provided and the interface module and/or coin interface tray includes a drive system operatively associated with the processor and configured to move a respective one of the interface module and coin interface tray relative to the other one of the interface module and coin interface tray. 
     In yet another aspect, an automated coin tray refilling system comprises a plurality of coin reservoirs, each coin reservoir adapted to receive a coin of a predetermined denomination and a plurality of coin dispensers, each coin dispenser regulating the dispensing of coins from an associated one of the plurality of coin reservoirs. A collector point distribution member is adapted to receive coins from each of the plurality of coin dispensers at one portion thereof and to output the coins at another portion thereof and an interface module is provided with an input end disposed substantially adjacent an outlet end of the collector point distribution member and having an output end for dispensing coins. A coin tray is disposed adjacent the output end of the interface module, the coin tray having a plurality of coin channels, each coin channel configured to receive a coin of a predetermined denomination. A coin reading sensor is provided adjacent the coin tray to sense the degree to which each of the coin tray coin channels are filled and outputting a signal related thereto. A processor controller configured to receive a signal output from the coin reading sensor and to output a signal to a respective one of the plurality of coin dispensers to cause that coin dispenser to dispense coins from an associated one of the plurality of coin reservoirs. 
     Additional advantages of the present concepts will become readily apparent to those skilled in this art from the following detailed description, wherein only preferred aspects of the present concepts are shown and described, simply by way of illustration. As will be realized, the present invention is capable of other and different embodiments, and its details are capable of modifications in various obvious respects, all without departing from the disclosed concepts. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as merely illustrative in nature, and are not to be regarded as limiting or restrictive on the broad aspects of the disclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be described in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals designate like elements and wherein: 
         FIG. 1  depicts a TELQUIP Transact CLS . 
         FIGS. 2(   a )-( d ) shows front, top, cross-sectional, and side views, respectively, of one system for automated refill of a coin tray in accord with the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  shows a block diagram illustrates one aspect of a system for automated refill of a coin tray in accord with the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     The appended drawings are not to scale are merely intended to convey a general sense of interrelation between components and systems. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The systems and subsystems defined below explore one approach to the development of an Automated Coin Tray Refill Device in accord with the present concepts. They are not intended to define the variety of possible solutions, but are merely exemplary of one preferred implementation of the disclosed concepts. The systems presented herein are intended to convey, to those skilled in the art, an appropriate level of detail to illustrate some of the possible functions involved and how they relate to the machine as a whole sufficient to enable them to make and/or use the concepts disclosed herein without undue experimentation. 
       FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ) shows an example of an automated coin tray refill device or coin dispenser  100  in accord with the present concepts directed to an automated method of filling coin trays, cassettes, hoppers, bags, and canisters. Although the example of  FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ) depicts a coin dispenser  100  configured for use with the TELQUIP 2+ coin tray, the concepts herein are not limited to any one coin tray, cassette, canister, or bag. 
     The coin dispenser  100  generally comprises supports for individual coin dispensers  120   a - 120   d  and reservoirs  110   a - 110   d  and defines a housing to enclose components such as a power supply  230  and computer or processor  210 . In one aspect, the power supply  230  and computer  210  could be external to the coin dispenser  100  and could be connected thereto using conventional electrical I/O connectors. A coin collector system is fed by the coin dispensers  120   a - 120   d  and outputs the coins input therein to a interface module  160  for output into a coin tray inserted into the coin dispenser  100 , whether directly or through a coin interface tray or module  170 . The interface module  160  and/or the coin interface tray  170  may be configured to translate, move, or rotate relative to one another to facilitate interface therebetween. 
     Power supply  230  is configured to interface with an available AC power supply and is configured to provide rated DC power to system components which may include, but are not limited to, interface module  160  actuators, sensors or drive systems, coin tray  150  actuators, sensors or drive systems, coin interface tray  170  actuators, sensors or drive systems, coin reader  180  actuators, sensors or drive systems, coin dispenser  120 ( a )- 120 ( d ) actuation devices or sensors, coin collector point distribution system  130  actuators, sensors or drive systems, display  190 , computer or processor  210 , and any attached memory devices (e.g., solid state memory, disk drive, CD-ROM drive, DVD-Drive, etc.) Computer  210  also includes a main memory, such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device, coupled to bus for storing information and instructions to be executed by a processor. The main memory also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by the processor. Computer  210  further includes a read only memory (ROM) or other static storage device coupled to the bus for storing static information and instructions for the processor. A storage device, such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, is preferably provided and coupled to bus for storing information and instructions. 
     Execution of sequences of instructions contained in main memory causes the processor or processors, if more than one is provided, to perform the actions described herein. In alternative embodiments, hard-wired circuitry or firmware may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions and it is to be understood that no specific combination of hardware circuitry, firmware, and software are required. Instructions may be provided in any number of forms such as source code, assembly code, object code, machine language, compressed or encrypted versions of the foregoing, and any and all equivalents thereof. “Computer-readable medium” refers to any medium that participates in providing instructions to the processor for execution and the term computer usable medium may be referred to as “bearing” the instructions, which encompass all ways in which instructions are associated with a computer usable medium. Computer-readable mediums include, but are not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media include, for example, optical or magnetic disks. Volatile media include dynamic memory, such as main memory. Transmission media include coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise bus  102 . Transmission media can also take the form of acoustic or light waves, such as those generated during radio frequency (RF) and infrared (IR) data communications. Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, DVD, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer can read. 
     Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to processor for execution. For example, the instructions may initially be borne on a magnetic disk of a remote computer, which can transmit instructions to computer  210  over a telephone line using a modem or through a cable line or wireless signal. Computer  210  may also include a communication interface coupled to the bus to provide a two-way data communication coupling to a network link connected to a local network. For example, the communication interface may be an integrated services digital network (ISDN) card or a modem to provide a data communication connection to a corresponding type of telephone line. As another example, the communication interface may be a local area network (LAN) connection to provide a data communication connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links (e.g., RF or infrared) may also be implemented. In any such implementation, communication interface sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information. 
     The network link typically provides data communication through one or more networks to other data devices. For example, the network link may provide a connection through local network to a host computer or to data equipment operated by an Internet Service Provider (ISP), which in turn provides data communication services through the worldwide packet data communication network, commonly referred to as the “Internet”. The local network and Internet both use electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams. The signals through the various networks and the signals on network link and through communication interface, which carry the digital data to and from computer  210 , are exemplary forms of carrier waves transporting the information. 
     Reservoirs  110   a - 110   d  each provide storage for a particular coin denomination and interior baffles may optionally be provided to reduce the direct weight of coins on a dispenser by supporting a portion of the load using angled plates. It is intended that the reservoirs  110   a - 110   d  provide an unobstructed gravity feed to the dispenser (e.g., dispensers  120   a - 120   d ), although a mechanical or assisted feed may also be provided in accord with the present concepts. Such mechanical or assisted feed may include, for example, one or more transducers or vibrating members configured to impart a vibration within the dispenser, or a movable member. Dispensers  120   a - 120   d  are designed to dispense a specific coin count (e.g., 72 coins) of a specific coin denomination (e.g., 1¢, 5¢, 10¢, 25¢) for a specified currency (e.g., coins minted by the United States Mint) upon receipt of an appropriate control signal from an associated controller or logic board and power board interface. In one aspect, the reservoirs are filled with a respective currency from an appropriate source such as, but not limited to Full Federal Bags, Half-Full Federal Bags, 19″ through 12″ coin bags, or coin sorter output bins. In an optional configuration, the reservoirs  110   a - 110   d  (or additional or fewer reservoirs, as needed) may be connected to an output of a conventional currency processing machine such as, but not limited to, the JetSort® manufactured by Cummins-Allison of Mt. Prospect, Ill., for direct deposit of sorted mixed coins into an appropriate one of the reservoirs  110   a - 100   d , or additional reservoirs as may be the case. It is to be understood that the reservoirs  110   a - 110   d , dispensers  120   a - 120   d , collector point distribution  130 , interface module tray  140 , and all other systems and components herein described are applicable to all currencies and denominations of the United States and of other nations, states, republics and entities. 
       FIG. 2(   d ) shows a power supply  230  and conventional computer/processor  210 , which power and regulate or control, respectively, the operation of dispensers  120   a - 120   d . The dispensers  120   a - 120   d  are configured to dispense (e.g., sequentially), upon receipt of a control signal from computer  210 , a predetermined number of coins of a respective denomination to a collection point distribution  130  by means of a gravity and/or mechanical feed such as, but not limited to, a computer controlled gate (not shown) or controlled feed mechanism. The number of coins may, for example, correspond to a difference between a measured stack height and a maximum stack height for a designated coin tray, cassette, hopper, or canister, the maximum stack height being stored in and retrieved from a conventional memory device. 
     In one aspect, a rotating disk could be disposed at a bottom of the dispensers  120   a - 120   d  to singulate and move coins at the bottom of the dispensers to a coin transport channel having one or more coin transport belts, such as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,058,999 and 4,949,532, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference. In another aspect, a device to output a predetermined number of coins of a respective denomination to a collection point distribution  130  could include, for example, a rotating drum having pockets for receiving individual coins dispersed thereover in a helical pattern to permit transport of a predetermined number of coins for a specified degree of rotation. Still other coin moving devices could include, but are in no means limited to, a worm gear disposed within a tube. 
     Although the reservoirs  110   a - 110   d  and dispensers  120   a - 120   d  are shown in a quad or 2×2 arrangement, the reservoirs and dispensers may also be arranged in any order and/or manner including, but not limited to, sequentially, laterally or vertically, staggered, stepped or in an arcuate path, in accord with the present concepts. 
     In one aspect, the dispensers  120   a - 120   d  may optionally be configured to hold one or more boluses or predetermined numbers of coins corresponding to a full complement of coins (or fraction thereof) for a designated coin tray, cassette, hopper, bag, and canister. For example, if a coin tray typically or exclusively used by an end-user holds a maximum of 100 quarters, the dispenser (e.g.,  120   a ) could comprise one or more sections each adapted to hold 10, 20, 50, or 100 quarters in a pre-measured bolus. When a new (i.e., empty) dispenser tray  150  is inserted in-place adjacent the interface module, the dispenser could output the bolus(es) to cause a sequential filling of the coin channel(s) in the dispenser tray. The interface module  160  may optionally be configured to accept and route a parallel rather than a serial output from the dispensers  120   a - d . In such aspect, a plurality of boluses of measured numbers of coins could be simultaneously directed through an interface module  160  have a plurality of coin paths or channels to a corresponding plurality of coin channels in a dispenser tray  150 . Such pre-sorted during a system “down-time” permits faster filling. As to the fractional filling aspect, noted above, the computer  210  regulating the filling operation can, for example, instruct release of a predetermined combination of boluses (e.g., 3×20 quarters or 1×10 quarters and 1×50 quarters to get 60 quarters) once the requirements for a particular denomination are known (e.g., 67 quarters) and then instruct the appropriate dispenser (e.g.,  120 ( d )) to output an additional small number of coins (e.g., 7 quarters) to complete the requirements. 
     The collection point distribution  130  collects any of a variety of coins from any of a series of coin dispensers (e.g., dispensers  120   a - 120   d ) and provides a point of distribution for filling a coin channel or coin channels in a dispenser tray  150  through an associated interface module  160 . The collection point distribution  130 , depicted as a chute or ramp in the illustrated example, may comprise any other conventional means of coin conveyance including, but not limited to rails, conveyor belts, moving platforms, rotating screws, guides, etcetera. The collection point distribution  130  may also be configured to vibrate to facilitate movement of coins thereover or therethrough. The interface module  160  may take any shape suitable to pass coins to a coin channel in a dispenser tray  150 . The exemplary interface module  160  shown in  FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ) assumes a funnel-shape, but is not limited to such shape or closed surfaces. As used herein, the term funnel may include any body having one or more opposing, adjacent, and/or contiguous surfaces that converge toward one another over at least a portion of a length thereof so as to guide coins passing thereover to an opening common to the surfaces. The bottom opening of the interface module  160  may be circular, or may advantageously be oblong or flattened along one axis to force coins to pass vertically or substantially vertically therethrough. 
     In at least some embodiments, the bottom opening of the interface module  160  may comprise a vectored nozzle comprising opposing curved or flat plate portions that may be tilted toward or away from each other to regulate a distance between or may be pivoted substantially in unison to impart a desired exit angle to a coin passed therethrough. The geometry of the interface module  160  vectored nozzle is advantageously controlled by the computer  210  to correspond to a selected coin tray, cassette, hopper, bag, and canister, a desired throughput, a selected coin denomination, and selected other control inputs (e.g., programmed variations or limitations based on historical experience). The movement of the vectored nozzle may be achieved by any conventional actuator, solenoid, linear variable displacement transducer, or gear set, preferably self-locking, having a minimal size and cost. Output torque and speed are not significant factors, as the minimal amount of movement required could be effected prior to release of coins to the interface module  160 . 
     The output of the interface module  160  may also be advantageously configured to impart a spin in a preferred direction to the coins output thereby, such as by passing the coin across an opening having one or more rotating rollers biased into contact with the coin periphery. The spin and increased angular momentum may help coins striking a stack edgewise to deflect toward a more horizontal position. The spin may also be achieved using a stationary member, which may be rigid, or may be flexible, such as a brush or bristles, to impart a bias to a preferred portion of a coin contacting such member. The stationary members could be provided in the interface module  160  itself and/or in or on the collector point distribution member. 
     In another aspect, a module cover (not shown) or adapter could be attached or removably attached to the coin tray  150  (e.g., coin tray, cassette, canister, tube, paper roll, etcetera) to facilitate placement of coins into the coin tray. In one aspect thereof, the module cover could cover the front of the coin tray and complete the cylinder geometry of the coin tray, if necessary, to facilitate the coin filling operation. The module cover could assume any configuration to guide coins from the interface module  160  to the top part of the coin tray  150  and into the individual denomination stacks. In another aspect, the module cover or adapter could be attached or removably attached to the interface module  160  to facilitate placement of coins into the coin tray, such as by extending the length and/or configuration of the funnel output. The module cover interfaces with one or more particular design of coin trays  150  and serves to facilitate movement of the coins to a predetermined location and/or serves to guide the coins in a manner which facilitates output of the coins in a substantially predetermined orientation. 
     In one aspect thereof, the physical configuration or geometry of the module cover could direct the coin to a specific orientation by supporting the coin at particular point(s) to enable external forces (resiliency of a resilient member, gravity, air pressure, friction, rotational forces imparted by rollers, forces of external objects such as brushes, etc.) to direct the coin into a particular orientation. This could include, for example, ramps, rails or wireforms. The application of external forces to achieve a desired orientation of coin may include, for example, opposing brushes defining a gap therebetween through which coins may pass. An additional brush could be provided along an axis perpendicular to the opposing brushes so as to constrain a coin passing therethrough to lay flat against a surface opposed to the additional brush (e.g., a slide or ramp). Such brushes, although noted in regard to the interface module  160  and the module cover (not shown), could be provided at any point in the system (e.g., dispenser output, collection point distribution  130 , etc.) to control or influence the orientation of the coins. 
     In still another aspect, at least one of the module cover (not shown), coin tray or dispenser tray  150 , and/or coin interface tray  170 , may comprise one or more transducers, actuators, piezoelectric elements, or the like outputting an impulse and/or vibration so as to avoid stacking of coins within the dispenser tray  150  and/or to dislodge coins misaligned within the dispenser tray. Alternatively, one or more transducers, actuators, piezoelectric elements, or the like outputting an impulse and/or vibration may be provided adjacent the dispenser tray  150 , module cover, and/or coin interface tray  170  to the same end. In yet another aspect, a pneumatic nozzle or pneumatic output device(s) may be coupled to a pneumatic supply and positioned (e.g., statically or movable along one or more axes) adjacent an opening or openings in the dispenser tray to blow a stream or pulse of high pressure air to dislodge or reorient misaligned coins. 
     In accord with the above, interface module  160  may be configured to provide a specific orientation of a coin during the placement of coin in the tray, cassette, hopper or canister. 
     In one aspect, the collection point distribution  130  is fixed and the interface module  160  translates relative thereto to dispose the output opening or spout of the interface module  160  in an appropriate position and/or orientation to output the selected denomination of coin into the proper dispenser tray  150  coin channel. This translation of the interface module  160  may be accomplished using any conventional drive mechanism including, but not limited to, a belt drive or a stepper motor. In this configuration, such as shown in  FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ), the base or top portion of the interface module  160  should be wide enough so that at either lateral extreme (i.e., left or right limit) of the interface module travel, the opening of the interface module is still positioned beneath the output of the collection point distribution  130  to receive coin therefrom. Thus, the dispensers  120   a - 120   d  collectively feed into a collector point distribution  130  where they are passed to interface module  160 , which is configured to interface with at least one dispensing tray canister or cassette  150  for a given manufacturer, brand, and model number. It is preferred that the discharge opening of interface module  160  be configured to interface with more than one dispensing tray canister or cassette  150  for a given manufacturer, brand, and model number or, still more preferably, a range of dispensing tray canisters or cassettes for a number of given manufacturers, brands, and models. 
     In an alternate configuration, the collection point distribution  130  may itself translate laterally relative to the coin dispenser structure. This translation of the collection point distribution  130  may be accomplished using any conventional drive mechanism including, but not limited to, a belt drive or a stepper motor. The collection point distribution  130  may travel as a unit with the interface module  160  or may translate separately therefrom. In still another configuration, the base or rear of the collection point distribution  130  may rotate through a predetermined arc about a pivot point with the interface module  160  traveling an associated chord of the arc under the power of an appropriate conventional rotational drive system, such as a motor with an optional gear system or gear set. In this aspect, the depth of the interface module  160  should accommodate the varying extent of the collection point distribution  130  within the opening to the interface module  160 . In additional configurations, the collection point distribution  130  may itself comprise a plurality of separate paths utilizing either conventional gravity or mechanical feed mechanisms to output coins to the interface module  160 . In any of the above aspects, the tray  150 , canister, or cassette may also be configured to translate, rotate, pivot, move, and/or vibrate relative to the collection point distribution  130  or interface module  160  to speed or facilitate the filling operation. 
     In yet another configuration, the collection point distribution  130  may comprise a plurality of separate paths utilizing either conventional gravity or mechanical feed mechanisms to output coins to an equal plurality of interface modules  160 . In this latter aspect, each denomination of coin could have a separate reservoir, dispenser, collection point distribution and interface module  160 , or each of these components may be integrated into one or more units having the same functions. The components could therefore be made stationary, which eliminates the need to include moving parts, motors, belts, separate actuators and the like and reduces system cost and maintenance. Each interface module  160  therein could be optionally manually movable along an x-axis, y-axis, and/or z-axis or any other defined axis or axes to accommodate trays, canisters, or cassettes of different configurations and sizes to enable the system to flexibly adapt to any such tray, canister, or cassette in the market or the majority thereof. 
     The coin interface tray  170  is a modular coin cassette which may be advantageously adapted to receive a specific tray brand and model number (e.g., a TELQUIP 2+ coin tray). In many instances, an end user will use a single type of coin dispenser and associated canister, cassette, or tray in multiple check-out locations and will need coin interface tray  170  for such specific canister, cassette, or tray. Thus, in one embodiment, the coin dispenser  100  can be pre-configured to correspond to a particular tray brand and model number, but could later be mechanically adjusted or adapted to receive another tray brand and/or model number, whether by manipulation of components in the automated coin dispenser  100  (e.g., repositioning movable rails or replacing interchangeable rails with new rails), alteration of the angle of the coin interface tray  170  relative to the housing, or by purchase of a replacement coin interface tray  170 . Regarding the alteration of the angle of the coin interface tray  170  relative to the housing, the coin interface tray may be optionally arranged to assume any one angle in a predetermined range of angles, which may be positive, neutral, or negative with respect to the interface module  160  output.  FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ) show that the coin interface tray  170  is positioned with a slight positive angle relative to the interface module  160  output. In an embodiment wherein the coin interface tray  170  is configured to accept a coin tray of a predetermined make and model, coin channel information, such as the home position (coin denomination center position), maximum coin count per position, denomination sequence for successive coin channels, number of coin channels, etcetera, is known. 
     The automated coin dispenser  100  may be configured to not only rotate and/or pivot the coin interface tray  170  to adjust an angle thereof with respect to the vertical or other defined reference axis, but may also be configured to translate the coin interface tray laterally (e.g., along a x-axis), vertically (e.g., along a y-axis), and/or along any other defined axis or axes by means of a drive system  200 , which may comprise a single drive system or a plurality of drive systems. This translation along one or more axes may be manual, wherein an operator inserting a coin tray  150  to be filled adjusts the lateral and/or vertical position of the coin interface tray  170  and coin tray  150 , if necessary, to an appropriate position under the interface module  160 . This translation along one or more axes may also be automated, wherein a drive system  200 , such as one or more actuators or a belt drive adjusts, under instruction from the computer or processor  210 , the lateral and/or vertical position (and/or along any other defined axis or axes) of the coin interface tray  170  and coin tray  150 , if necessary, to a designated position under the interface module  160 . As noted above, the computer or processor  210  may be “informed” of the particular coin tray  150  disposed for filling within the automated coin dispenser  100  by operator data entry using a conventional data entry device. In still another aspect, the automated coin dispenser  100  may comprise a vibrator (not shown) or actuator to vibrate or shake the coin interface tray  170  at one or more pre-selected frequencies and/or amplitudes or to cycle the coin interface tray through a range of selected frequencies and/or amplitudes to facilitate jogging of coins that are improperly disposed within the coin tray  150  into a preferred orientation. 
     In another aspect, the coin interface tray  170  may comprise “N” separate conductor surfaces, features (e.g., cavities/protrusions), or components defining switches. Each switch defines an information state, “on” or “off.” In various non-limiting aspects, the coin interface tray  170  switches may comprise surface-mounted pressure switches, exposed physical contacts, or exposed conductors configured to contact exposed conductors on a coin tray, cassette, or canister to be received by the coin interface tray. The switches may also comprise non-contact devices, such as a plurality of light sources (e.g., laser diodes) arranged to output a beam toward a portion of a coin tray, cassette, or canister received by the coin interface tray  170  and light sensors (e.g., CCDs) arranged to measure a reflected light or an incident light (e.g., light through holes in the coin tray  150 ), depending on the configuration, from a respective portion of the coin tray, cassette, or canister. In this latter example, the intensity of the reflected light could be correlated to an “on” or “off” state. Alternatively, the light sensors may be configured to sense an absence of light output from a continuous, intermittent, or ambient light source (e.g., which light source becomes partially or fully occluded or blocked by a coin in the coin tray) and output a signal corresponding thereto. 
     The switches, whatever the form, could be pre-selected in number and location to define, in combination, a sufficient number of discrete states to uniquely define a specific manufacturer and model of coin tray, cassette, canister, or the like, inserted adjacent thereto. In one aspect, the switch remains in a first state (e.g., an “off” state), such as by having opposing switch elements being electrically disconnected from one another and assumes a second state (e.g., an “on” state) when the opposing elements of the switch are forced into electrical contact, or are otherwise electrically connected, by insertion of a coin tray, cassette, or canister having a feature to interact with the selected switch configuration. The switches may be directly connected to inputs of a processor, computer, or logic circuit or may be routed through a conventional multiplexer, I/O device, or register. In combination, a plurality of switches defines 2 N  separate information states such that 4 switches (N=4) yields 16 discrete states and 8 switches (N=8) yields 256 discrete states. For a given population of coin trays or cassettes  150  desired to be associated with the automated coin tray refill system  100 , the population will possess a variety of physical, electrical, magnetic, or optical characteristics, which permit configuration of the switches to uniquely identify each of the coin trays in the population. These characteristic data are stored in a conventional library or data base addressable by an address or pointer. The library or data base may be stored in a conventional memory device such as, but not limited to a ROM, solid-state memory device, hard-disk, floppy-disk, or CD-ROM drive. 
     Thus, for different pre-determined combinations of “N” switch states, the system  100  may access all necessary information regarding a coin tray or cassette  150  input into the coin interface tray  170  such as, but not limited to, coin tray or cassette home position, coin denomination center position, maximum coin count per position and/or denomination, coin tray or cassette denomination values, and coin tray center-coordinates relative to a predetermined reference point. In an example wherein the TELQUIP 2+ coin tray is inserted into the coin interface tray  170 , pressure switches  1 ,  2 ,  4 ,  6 , and  7  may be “on”, while pressure switches  3 ,  5  and  8  may be “off”. The computer or processor, upon accessing the library, matches these switch states with a pre-determined set of switch states uniquely assigned to the TELQUIP 2+ coin tray. Based on this unique association, the processor and computer code or instruction set will automatically set each system variable (e.g., home position, maximum coin count per position, coordinates of each coin tray, required positions of interface module  160 , etc.) to accommodate the identified coin tray (e.g., TELQUIP 2+ coin tray). Thus, coin interface tray  170  may be a generic tray suitable to receive any one of a plurality of different coin trays  150 , cassettes, canisters, or the like, from a variety of different manufacturers, whereupon the automated coin refill system is cooperatively associated with a memory device storing state information for such plurality of coin receptacles to enable the system to appropriately identify the type, style, manufacturer, and configuration of each coin receptacle. 
     In another aspect, the aforementioned switches are omitted and, instead, the user of the system is requested to input, such as through a touch screen display  190 , the manufacturer and model number of a coin tray  150  to be filled. The information regarding such coin tray  150  (e.g., denominations, counts, spacing, etc.) is then accessed for use by the processor  210  and associated software and controls. In still another aspect, a single known coin tray  150  may be used and a coin interface tray  170 , as such, is not required. The switches are merely one optional aspect of implemented a universal, automated coin filling system, but such a universal breadth is not a necessary part of the present concepts. 
     The automated coin tray refill system  100  may comprise a display  190 , as shown in  FIGS. 2(   a )- 2 ( d ) and at least one data input device (e.g., display  190  may be a touch screen display) or, alternately, may comprise one or more conventional I/O ports to accept such devices. Display  190  is provided to provide visual feedback to an operator of the refill system  100 . The computer  210  may be configured to display, upon execution of an appropriate code or instruction set, on display  190  information to notify the operator of a low count in any specific coin dispenser reservoir, indicate residual coin value per column, provide display for dispensing count and value per column, display day totals, tray totals and tray filling transactions, or alert the operator to an error in the system, such as a coin jam. The data input devices (e.g., touch-screen display  190 ) may also be adapted to require entry of an employee ID or code to track activity on the system  100 , to limit access thereto, and to regulate functions accessible to various categories of users or operators. 
     In lieu of the aforementioned means by which the automated coin tray refill system  100  may automatically determine an exact make and model of a coin tray  150  inserted therein, a user of the automated coin tray refill system may, in one aspect, be prompted by an instruction on display  190  from the computer or processor  210  to enter the identifying, information for a particular coin tray  150 , such as the manufacturer name, model number, configuration, etc., through an appropriate input device such as, but not limited to, a keyboard, touch screen display, mouse, microphone, bar code scanner, or soft key. This arrangement utilizes existing, system components, such as the processor  210  and display  190 , to simplify the system architecture and reduce cost. 
     A conventional coin reader  180  is provided to provide to count the coins present in a specified stack or column of a coin tray. In one aspect, a single coin reader  180  is movably provided to translate or rotate between columns or trays of the coin tray  150  to determine a height of a coin stack therein. This translation of the coin reader  180  may be accomplished using any conventional drive mechanism including, but not limited to, a belt drive or a stepper motor. Alternatively, a plurality of movable coin readers  180  may be provided with an associated plurality of drive systems. In another aspect, a plurality of stationary coin readers  180  of an appropriate configuration may be provided. The coin reader(s)  180  is (are) configured to sense a coin height (or conversely a remaining height to be filled), with or independently of a processor, using conventional sensing arrangements including but not limited to, digital tape measures, fixed measurement tools, encoders (e.g., linear, rotatary, optical, etc.), mechanical switches, reflective sensors adapted to measure a reflected light from a LED or other light source or to measure a reflected acoustic or sound signal, or electrical resistance, capacitance, or hall effect position sensors (e.g., Honeywell SS400 series Hall effect digital position sensors), or even scales to measure a collected mass of coins. Any conventional coin reader or position sensor may be used in accord with the present concepts. The sensor or sensors may be positively or negatively configured to sense the presence of a sensed characteristic or, correspondingly, the absence of a sensed characteristic (i.e., sensing the presence of coins, or the absence or coins; sensing the activation of a switch or the non-activation of a switch), as desired. In combination with the computer or processor  210 , the signals output by the coin reader(s)  180  are used to determine, for example, a residual coin count, a running coin count, and a final count. 
     In lieu of a coin reader  180  able to continuously monitor the exact number of coins present in (or coins absent from) a stack, one or more sensors or switches may be disposed at a position or more than one position to regulate the filling of the corresponding stack. For example, a sensor could be disposed at a 25% full point, a 50% full point, a 75% full point, a 95% full point and a 100% full point, or any other selected point or points, and the processor  210  in combination with associated software and controllers regulating the dispensing of coins from dispensers  120   a - 120   d , could adjust the rate of flow so as not to overfill the tray or retain excess coinage in the interface module or other system components. In the event the combination of the control system components and sensors are not fast enough to prevent discharge of too many coins from the dispensers  120   a - 120   d , a conventional bypass could be provided in the interface module  160  or collector point distribution member  130  to route excess coins into a holding area or escrow. As another option, the automated coin refilling system  100  may simply be configured to discharge a discrete predetermined amounts of coins, such as by offering a limited selection of options on display  190 . For example, a user of the system may be offered the selection between $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $30, $40, $50, etc. or any other value or increment, of any selected coin (e.g., penny, nickel, dime, quarter, etc.). These variables may clearly include any conventional denomination and container amount (e.g., a standard 40-quarter roll would take a $10 fill). Alternately, the user of the system may be offered the selected to dispense a selected quantity of coins of a selected denomination. 
     When a coin tray  150  is inserted into the coin interface tray  170  and is recognized by the automated coin tray refill system, or when such identifying information is entered by a user using an appropriate data input device, the computer or processor  210  may utilize the signals output by the coin reader  180  for each tray or stack of the coin tray to determine an initial state of the coin tray (e.g., full, empty, partially filled, etc.). For example, the coin reader  180  may output signals for each of the TELQUIP 2+ coin trays to the computer  210  which, upon accessing of the library information regarding the TELQUIP 2+ coin tray, can determine that the signals output by the coin reader  180  correspond to a 10 tray that is 20% full, an empty 5¢ tray, a 10% full 10¢ tray, and an empty 25¢ tray. The computer  210  can then to provide count and denomination instructions to the dispenser system. 
     In one aspect, the computer or processor  210  comprises a code chip and a library chip, which may be separate chips, partitioned portions of a single chip, or different logical units. The code chip comprises or is operatively associated with an instruction set or coding which, upon execution, interprets data output from the coin interface tray  170 , compares that interpreted data to data stored in a library address, and separately stores or outputs the data of a library address found to correspond to the interpreted data. The code chip also interfaces with the display  190  and, upon execution of an appropriate code or instruction set based upon a corresponding signal from the code chip, issues a low coin alert for a specified denomination reservoir  110 ( a )- 110 ( d ). 
     The code chip further interfaces with the dispensers  120 ( a )- 120 ( d ) and coin reader  180  and, upon execution of an appropriate code or instruction set based upon a corresponding signal from the code chip, reads an existing coin count and value per column in the coin tray  150  tray or reads the dispensed value and coin count per column. The code chip is also configured to compile information including, for example, denomination totals and errors for individual filling sessions or for cumulative periods, such as day totals. 
     In various aspects, the code chip reads output signals from the respective drive systems and/or actuators which might employ position encoders (e.g., linear encoders, rotary encoders, incremental encoders, magnetic encoders, optical encoders, etc.) or other mechanisms or devices to provide an indication of incremental movement or step of the associated drive system or actuator, such as drive systems controlling the dispensers  120 ( a )- 120 ( d ), interface module  160 , coin reader  180 , and/or coin interface tray  170 . The output signals from the respective drive signals and/or actuators provide information which may be correlated to the position of the drive system, such as the distance of a selected drive system component reference point from a home position. The code chip is also able to analyze thermal signals, such as might be output by a motor thermal overload circuit, and provide output signals with an appropriate pre-programmed response, such as to shut down an overheating motor and to display an error or warning message on display  190 . 
     The code chip is also configured, by means of appropriate instructions sets and/or coding, to analyze electrical contact signals from the switches or other like components and access a library or data base to compare the plurality of switch states to known switch states for specified coin trays  150 . The code chip is also configured, by means of appropriate instructions sets and/or coding, to analyze output signals from coin reader  180  to provide a current coin count or to calculate a residual coin depth/position (defining existing coin count or remaining coin count) and to correspondingly output a signal to the coin dispensers  120 ( a )- 120 ( d ) to output a number of coins needed to fill the coin tray  150  denomination, as well as to calculate sums, day totals, perform other similar types of calculations and write them to files for later access. 
       FIG. 3  shows a block diagram of a coin dispenser  100  in accord with the present concepts illustrating the relationship between some of the expected systems in the implementation herein described.  FIG. 3  illustrates one approach to the automated method of filling coin trays, cassettes, hoppers, bags, and canisters in accord with the presently disclosed concepts and this depicted conceptual framework outlines some features characteristic of one aspect of automated coin tray refill device  100 . 
       FIG. 3  shows, in block diagram form, a plurality of reservoirs  110   a - 110   d , each reservoir feeding into a respective plurality of dispensers  120   a - 120   d . The output from dispensers  120   a - 120   d  feeds into the collector point distribution  130  and then to the interface module tray  170  through an appropriate distribution device (e.g., a funnel, chute, or belt). A coin tray  150  of a specific brand and model number is disposed in the interface module tray  170  and switches or other identifying features (or operator input) are used to provide signals to the computer  210  to inform the automated coin tray refill device  100  of the particular characteristics of the coin tray. This characteristic information data is stored in a data base or library accessible to the computer  210 . Once the coin tray  150  configuration is known, the computer  210  may then control, for example, a coin tray drive or coin interface module tray  170  drive and/or the coin reader  180  drive to position the coin tray  150  and/or coin reader  180  for initial inventorying or reading of the tray position. Such drive systems would advantageously comprise encoders adapted to provide position feedback signals to the computer  210 . The computer  210  controls the output from the dispensers  120 ( a )- 120 ( d ) and monitors, for example, the coin fill position, coin count, and value fill conditions using the coin reader  180 . 
     It is to be noted that the processor  210  and associated software and instructions may be configured to vary any of the above noted variables (e.g., position and/or rotational orientation of the coin tray; configuration of funnel output; rate of dispensing of coins from dispensers  120   a - 120   d ; movement, rotation, vibration, and/or operating speed of collector point distribution member  130 , as applicable, etc.) dynamically during any portion of the refilling process. For example, the coin interface tray  170  angle with respect to the interface module  160  may vary between a pre-selected range of angles and/or the output configuration of the interface module output may be adjusted during filling of a giving denomination to take into account the particular characteristics and behaviors of each type of coin throughout the filling process. 
     While the present concepts have been described with reference to one or more particular embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the concepts presented herein. For example, although the disclosure discusses the example wherein the coin tray  150  channels are sequentially filled, the coin dispenser  100  could be configured to fill a plurality of channels simultaneously, such as in the aspect of the disclosure wherein a plurality of interface modules  160  and/or a plurality of collector point distribution members  130  are provided. Moreover, a plurality of coin trays  150  could also be processed and filled simultaneously with appropriate multiplication of coin tray receiving areas and interface modules. In one aspect thereof, a single coin source (e.g., a coin reservoir or a coin sorting machine) may dispense coins to a plurality of affixed coin trays (e.g., quarters to one tray having multiple quarter coin channels, dimes to another tray having multiple dime coin channels, a mixture of quarters, nickels, dimes to yet another coin tray, etc.). 
     In still other potential modifications, the output of the interface module  160  could be configured, via a conventional mechanical connection device (e.g., a threaded portion), to receive any one of a plurality of different adapters configured to correspond to a specified coin tray. Such adapters could be particularly useful to fill individual coin tubes or paper roll tubes. In still another example, the coin interface tray  170  and the coin tray  150  could be integrated into a single unit. 
     In accord with another aspect, a method for automatic filling of a coin receptacle comprises the steps of providing an automated coin tray refilling system having at least one coin reservoir and providing at least one coin dispenser for regulating the dispensing of coins. The method also includes providing a collector point distribution member adapted to receive coins from coin dispenser(s) at one portion thereof and to output the coins at another portion thereof. The method further includes the step of providing an interface module having an input end disposed to receive coins output from the collector point distribution member and having an output end for dispensing coins, as well as a coin interface tray adapted to receive a coin tray, paper coin roll, and/or coin tube. The method further includes the step of providing a processor(s), wherein the interface module and/or coin interface tray comprise a drive system configured to move a respective one of the interface module and coin interface tray. The method also includes the steps of disposing a coin tray in the coin receiving area and activating the automated coin dispenser. 
     Each of these embodiments and obvious variations thereof is contemplated as falling within the spirit and scope of the disclosure, set forth in the following claims. For example, the individual coin channels in the dispenser trays  150  may be filled sequentially or non-sequentially and may be filled single or in plural (i.e., more than one coin channel (e.g., some, all) being filled substantially simultaneously). Further, various components described herein may be combined without departing from the concepts presented herein such as, but not limited to, the interface module  160  may be integrated with the collector point distribution  130  or the collector point distribution may be integrated with the dispensers  120   a - d.    
     The appended claims reflect certain aspects and combinations of the present concepts, but are not exhaustive of all such aspects and combinations. Further, the present concepts include all possible logical combinations of the claims and of the various claim elements appended hereto, without limitation, within the associated claim sets regardless of the presently indicated dependency.