Patent Publication Number: US-6339773-B1

Title: Data extractor

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to the field of data retrieval. More specifically, the present invention is related to a business model which provides a fee-based, real-time, intermediary service including a method of extracting data from third party providers, removing existing formatting information and returning the data to the requester in a desired format. 
     2. Discussion of Prior Art 
     The proliferation of the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) has produced a deluge of information often times in unmanageable formats to the average user. To assist the user, various search engines have been developed which work through the user&#39;s browser to keyword search various indexed data sources. While search results of text Web pages may be easy to manage, search results of structured type data prove not to be so easily managed. Typically database results are returned preformatted in HTML, text or spreadsheet forms. The user, however, has no means of selecting a format not envisioned by the data supplier. The user may want to select a data output only in spreadsheet format for direct integration into locally stored table structures. Most users cannot perform such a conversion because of software or hardware limitations, and certainly not in real-time. What is needed is an intermediate service provider through which a user can enhance their data retrieval by customizing the data output without having to create complex algorithms or mapping structures locally on their PC. The following prior art describes various attempts to extract data from database sources located on the Web. 
     The patent to Schofield (U.S. Pat. No. 5,860,072), assigned to Tandem Computers Incorporated, provides for a  Method and Apparatus for Transporting Interface Definition Language - Defined Data Structures Between Heterogenous Systems . Data strings are stored locally in a receiving computer&#39;s buffer and thereafter, the data structure extracted, realigned and stored. Column 4, lines 37-39 suggest an Internet embodiment. 
     The patent to Horvitz et al. (U.S. Pat. No. 5,864,848), assigned to Microsoft Corporation, provides for a  Goal - Driven Information Interpretation and Extraction System . Column 1, lines 47-52 suggest the extraction of data from Internet web pages. 
     The web page entitled, “Visual Design and Cross-Platform Execution”, provides for a technical overview of the software product “Cambio.” Cambio extracts the desired data fields (which can be spread across multiple lines in a text file) and assembles those fields into a flat record of data. These records are presented in the conventional row/column, tabular format (see http://www.datajunction.com/products/cambio_technical.html). 
     The web page entitled, “GlimpseGate”, provides for context searching of html web documents with data strings (see http://phones.cybercell.net/˜hsf/sources/glimpsegate/). 
     Additional data extractors can be found in the following patents, web pages and articles: 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,761,656 to Ben-Shachar, U.S. Pat. No. 5,819,265 to Ravin et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,870,746 to Knutson et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,881,232 to Cheng et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,892,908 to Hughes et al., 
     Web sites: 
     4.1 Overview -http://skwww.enc.iis.sinica.edu.tw/user-manual/node42.html; 
     HelponCitibaseDataExtraction- http://biscu.its.yale.edu/SSDA/helpfiles/citihelp.html 
     HTML Presentation - http://www.fortnet.org/FortNet/HTML/Presentation/stats/ 
     HTML2TEXT v1.51- http://www.telekabel.nl/sprinter/wieger/html2txt.htm 
     HTMLess 2.0- http://elanor.sci.muni.cz/ar/ar407_Sections/news19.html 
     NeXtract - http://www.nextract.com 
     Article: SAC Software Agent Corporation Presents The Search Agent - http://www.io.com/˜sac/, and article by Lawrence, Steve et al.,  IEEE Internet Computing , “Context and Page Analysis for Improved Web Search”, July-August 1998, pp. 38-46. 
     Whatever the precise merits, features and advantages of the above cited references, none of them achieves or fulfills the purposes of the present invention, one of which specifically to provide an E-commerce business model and system including an intermediate service provider through which a user can enhance their WWW data retrieval by customizing the data output in realtime without creating and maintaining complex data mapping algorithms. The prior art shows that both stripping algorithms and Java agents are known, however, neither have been used to dispatch intermediary agents for real-time extraction of structured data from HTML pages accessed by the user and arbitrary post-processing of third party data. 
     These and other objectives are achieved by the detailed description that follows. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A data extractor system for the extraction, deformatting, and postformatting of data available on the WWW. The system enables buffering and streamlining between the user and web data providers; converting the visual presentation of information into data for further processing, translating one data request into a cascade of data requests and pasting results together, filtering data output; allowing a variety of presentations of data different from the original presentation; optional dataflow between the user&#39;s applications and the third-party data providers thereby bypassing interactive interfaces. 
     A user, connected to the Internet/Web, contacts an intermediate data service which provides an interface to determine various aspects of the user&#39;s query, including output format. The intermediate data service generates a stripping agent, such as a Java program, which is sent to the user&#39;s browser to interface with a third party data provider. The Java stripping agent contains the knowledge to strip away the formatting of user interfaces such as HTML, reformat, reorganize, filter and present the data in real-time in a user-selected format. The present invention: 
     1. Embeds all user input in a standardized way in a URL (CGI), hiding from the user various data entry protocols such as post-data, Java script data entry forms, etc. Thus, allowing the user to: 
     a. bookmark this URL with predefined input data 
     b. embed this URL in various user scripts 
     2. Converts the formatted data retrieved from third party data provider into an ASCII file, one line per result, tabs separating fields; eliminating all graphics and irrelevant text, leaving only data allowing: 
     a. convenient downloading of data into user applications 
     b. compact results 
     c. development of embedded applications 
     3. When a third-party site gives a few records at a time and a “next” button, the present invention recursively dispatches an agent to recursively call the third-party data provider to give the user in one operation a large volume of data. 
     4. In addition to plain ASCII output by default, the user will be able to parametrically specify additional forms of output: 
     formatted ASCII (72 characters per line, aligned spaces instead of tabs, one field can continue on several lines) 
     RTF 
     HTML tables 
     PDF 
     Postscript 
     And others 
     The present invention delivers standardized extracted graphic files of spatial data: maps, remote-sensing images, etc. 
     5. The user can specie a parameter EGREP_SCREEN giving a regular expression to screen the output or a simplified parameter KEYWORDS_SCREEN. (Note: this is post-processing of results after they are received from third-party providers) 
     6. In an alternative embodiment, the intermediate data service subscribes to a variety of pay-per-use services and re-delivers information to paying customers. The end user&#39;s convenience, in addition to repackaging, will be that the user does not have to subscribe to many services, just to the intermediate data service (a charge includes a small mark-up, or no mark-up if wholesale rates are obtained). 
     7. In an alternative embodiment, the system performs merges and joins between data from more than one server. 
     8. In an alternative embodiment, certain joins will be allowed within same site, e.g., by traversing pointers to product detail from product list. 
     9. In an alternative embodiment, the system includes a virtual conceptual semantic schema of all WWW information accessible by the user via the service and allow the user to specify complex database query against same schema without knowing which third-party sites need to be accessed or joined to perform the query. 
     10. The program can employ Java-agent technology, which agent will perform all the activities at user site; reducing traffic on the intermediate data service and will also protect the intermediate service provider from possible claims of third-party data providers regarding reselling or storing of their data contrary to license or copyright provisions. 
     11. The program will allow a number of post-formatting options, including: 
     audio file produced after adding connecting words to properly delineate fields (it is impossible to produce a meaningful audio file without first stripping output and delimiting fields with connecting words) 
     smart translation into other languages; The present invention will decide which fields should be translated and which should not, exercising its knowledge of the semantics of the data source. 
     12. The program is written in such a way that definitions of the tird-party web site protocols are outside of the program, in a Knowledge Base, and easy to maintain and change by a low-skilled staff. 
     13. The intermediate data service maintains a large database or references to data providing sites whose input/output stripping instructions are known. 
     14. When no parameters are given, the present invention replies with a list of third party services it knows to query, the kind of information they provide, and list of field names. 
     15. Examples of services to be supported are: 
     various white and yellow phone directories 
     business directories and classification (SIC)-zip2.com 
     weather services 
     stock quotes (input: a list of ticker symbols) 
     public English dictionaries, bilingual dictionaries, and thesauri 
     web search engines (Dog Metafind; Yahoo!; Infoseek) 
     geographic text servers (zipcode&lt;—&gt;city, address&lt;−&gt;area code &lt;−&gt;airport code) 
     online translators 
     airline schedules and flight info (airline-specific sites) 
     professional directories: doctors, lawyers 
     Microsoft aerial photography 
     maps 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a flowchart of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates an enhanced information services interface. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates an enhanced keyword search interface. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates an example output in text(tab-delimited) format. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates an example output in HTML format. 
     FIG. 6 illustrates an SQL interface. 
     FIGS. 7 a-c  collectively illustrate a SQL example. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     While this invention is illustrated and described in a preferred embodiment, the device may be produced in many different configurations, forms and materials. There is depicted in the drawings, and will herein be described in detail, a preferred embodiment of the invention, with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as a exemplification of the principles of the invention and the associated functional specifications of the materials for its construction and is not intended to limit the invention to the embodiment illustrated. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations within the scope of the present invention. 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a user  102  connecting to a data supplier  104  to perform a search during a typical search session using known Internet/WWW search engines such as Lycos®, Excite®, Snap®, Infoseek®, Webcrawler®, etc. User  102  represents a PC owner with Internet access and a browser  110  (e.g., Netscape® or Microsoft Explorer®), WebTV□, or other Internet/WWW access methods. 
     The present invention provides for an intermediate data service enhancement  106  enabling the user to: strip  116  away the formatting of user interfaces such as HTML used by either the data provider  104  or browser  110 , reformat, reorganize, filter and present the data  126  in a user selected format. User  102  connects  108  to intermediate data service enhancement  106  through their browser  110 . Intermediate data service enhancement  106  provides a user with a search enhancement interface (FIGS. 2-7 c ) to determine a choice of data supplier  104 , return data format, and query. Intermediate data service enhancement  106  returns  109  ajava strip class algorithm  116  to the user&#39;s system to enable realtime local enhancement. The strip algorithm  116  retrieves the requested data  118 /  120  strips the non-data. formatting, reformats, reorganizes, filters and presents the data  126  in a user selected format  126 . 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a typical user interface  200  provided by the intermediate data service enhancement  106 . User  102  first selects an Information Service  202  such as LawStreet® (shown), Bellsouth®, Excite®, Webcrawler®, Lycos®, Snap®, Goto®, Scrubtheweb®, MSN®, or a generic search engine—search and actuates this selection by selecting “Go”. Instructions provided include: 
     a. With this application you may get enhanced data from various Information Service Provider— 206   
     b. You can save the results of your query as various formats— 208 . You can make advanced ad-hoc queries  210   
     c. Working example(s)— 212  in formats  214  (text (tab-delimited), HTML, Excels®, Microsoft Access®. 
     Upon actuation of the “Go” button  204 , the user receives the next user interface  300  as shown in FIG.  3 . Entry box  302  enables the user to enter typical keyword(s) normally used during a search. Drop-down menu  304  enables the user to select a desired output format such as “plain text (tab-delimited)”—shown, HTML, Excel®, Microsoft Access®, or other known data formats. Drop-down menu  306  enables a selection of language, e.g., English (shown), French, German, Italian, etc., for the returned data. Upon selecting keywords, output format and language, the user can start the creation of a java strip algorithm by selecting “Go” or change information service providers at  202 . In addition, the user can bookmark  310  the result for future access. Intermediate data service enhancement  106  returns ajava strip class algorithm Oava strip agent) which works locally with the user&#39;s browser  110  to return a “data only” result in the format selected by the user selections registered in the steps outlined above. All Java® strip agents  116  created by the intermediate data service enhancement  106  system are retained therein for quick future access by a requesting user. 
     FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate two possible outputs of the example  212 . In this example, the user selected “BellSouth” as the service provider  202 , “Sears” as the keyword  302 , “English” as the output language  306  and “plain text (tab-delimited)” as the output shown in FIG.  4  and HTML as shown in FIG.  5 . 
     In addition to simple keyword searches, advanced ad-hoc queries  210  can be made with relative ease. FIG. 6 illustrates the SQL (structured query logic) query interface  600  with BellSouth Yellow Pages chosen as the service provider. The user is given guidance instructions  602 - 622  describing basic SQL procedures related to BellSouth databases as follows: 
     BASIC PARAMETERS OF THE DATABASE 
     The user can issue one or many SQL queries to BellSouth Yellow Pages.  602   
     The name of the table, which consists Yellow Pages is “AllBell”— 604   
     Each SQL query should have the semicolon(;) marker on the end— 606   
     The results of the last query could be displayed on the screen— 608   
     The user should specify the list of field names for getting these results— 610   
     The number of output lines is limited to 500 lines.— 612   
     EXAMPLES 
     Please look into examples of SQL queries and feel free to modify them or put your own SQL query:— 614   
     Businesses which are located in some zip-code— 616   
     Count all businesses, which are located in some zip-code (count example)— 618   
     Select phones like “348%”  620 , then show all distinct cities— 622   
     As each hypertext example  616 - 622  is selected, the interfaces shown in FIGS. 7 a - 7   c  reveal the actual SQL query entered into the series of SQL statements entry box  626 . FIG. 7 a  illustrates the SQL entry  701  “Select * from AllBell where zip=33199”;  716  correlating to the text example  616 . FIG. 7 b  illustrates the example  618  which produces the SQL entry  702  “Select count (*) CountResults from AllBell where zip=33174”;— 718 . FIG. 7 c  illustrates the examples  620 / 622  which produce the SQL entries  703  “Select* from AllBell where Phone Like 348%”;— 720 ; Select distinct city from Allbell;— 722 ”. 
     The remainder of SQL selections include Output columns  624  desired for data output and output format  628 . “Go”  628  actuates the SQL process, creating the Java® Strip Class algorithm  116  equating to the SQL and enhanced data output selections which is then returned to the user  102 . 
     The dispatched agent retrieves and reformats the data. Limited amounts of results are delivered to the user at no charge. Larger amounts are charged in correlation to the amount of data retrieved. The user has the option to order a preview and sampling of data before the full set is delivered and the charge is effected. In an alternative embodiment, the user purchases a license for unlimited utilization of the service. Additionally, the service can be provided free to the user and payments made by advertisers or other third parties. Furthermore, in some situations, no charges would be incurred at all. 
     Format of the default ASCII output follows: 
     row separator: newline (+ optionally carriage return if parameter DOS=y is given) 
     field separator: tab or other user-specified delimiter 
     structure: 
     &lt;document titles&gt; 
     = 
     &lt;lines of column headers&gt; 
     == 
     &lt;data&gt; 
     === 
     &lt;informational messages, including sites contacted queries performed, time stamps, statistics&gt; 
     &lt;error messages&gt; 
     ==== 
     &lt;optional promotional material and paid advertisements&gt; 
     &lt;links to third party services used&gt; 
     The above enhancements for data extraction and its described functional elements are implemented in various computing environments. For example, the present invention may be implemented on a conventional IBM PC or equivalent, multi-nodal system (e.g. LAN) or networking system (e.g. Internet, WWW). All programing, Java strip agent algorithms, GUIs, display panels and dialog box templates, and data related thereto are stored in computer memory, static or dynamic, and may be retrieved by the user of the present invention in any of: conventional computer storage, display (i.e. CRT) and/or hardcopy (i.e. printed) formats. The programming of the present invention may be implemented by one of skill in the art of database, Internet related and E-commerce programming. 
     CONCLUSION 
     A system and method has been shown in the above embodiments for the effective implementation of a data extractor. While various preferred embodiments have been shown and described, it will be understood that there is no intent to limit the invention by such disclosure, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications and alternate constructions falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, the present invention should not be limited by computer operating system, database management system, database management model, directory structure, DBMS-file linking technology, the type of user interface, computer hardware platform, network operating system, programing language of the agents, archiving software, or archiving hardware. In addition, the present invention can be implemented locally on a single PC, connected workstations (i.e. networked-LAN), across extended networks such as the Internet or using portable equipment such as laptop computers or wireless equipment (RF, microwaves, infrared, photonic, etc.)