Patent Publication Number: US-2016241553-A1

Title: Wearable device and operating method thereof

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is based on and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0024161, filed on Feb. 17, 2015, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     The present disclosure relates to wearable devices and operating methods thereof. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     A wearable device is a device that may be attached to a user&#39;s body and may perform a computing operation. Wearable devices may be implemented in various forms, such as, for example, a watch or glasses, which are attachable to a user&#39;s body. 
     SUMMARY 
     Wearable devices and operating methods thereof are provided and are capable of saving electric power and easily activating prescribed functions. 
     Additional aspects will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent from the description. 
     According to an aspect of an example embodiment, a wearable device includes a sensor configured to detect a wearing state of a wearable device and to obtain authentication information and at least one piece of biometric information, and a processor configured to authenticate a user based on the obtained authentication information when the wearing state of the wearable device is detected by the sensor, and configured to activate at least one function of the wearable device based on the obtained biometric information. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the sensor may be configured to further obtain at least one piece of environment information, and the processor may be configured to activate at least one function based on the obtained biometric information and the environment information. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the sensor may include a first sensor configured to detect the wearing state of the wearable device, a second sensor configured to obtain the authentication information by being activated when the wearing state of the wearable device is detected, and a third sensor configured to obtain the biometric information by being activated when the user is authenticated. 
     In the above-described wearable device, at least one of the first to third sensors may be deactivated when the at least one function is activated. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the at least one function may include a function of controlling a home network environment. 
     According to another aspect of the example embodiment, the wearable device may include an input unit comprising input circuitry, the input unit configured to receive an input, the input setting the at least one function to be activated. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the input unit may further be configured to receive an input, the input setting a condition of the biometric information to activate the at least one function. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the wearable device may include a watch-type wearable device, and the sensor may be configured to detect a wearing state of the watch-type wearable device based on whether or not a fastener located on a watch band is fastened. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the wearable device may include a glasses-type wearable device, and the sensor may be configured to detect a wearing state of the glasses-type wearable device based on at least one of pressure applied to nose pads, a temple, a bridge, a rim, a tip of the glasses-type wearable device and an angle between the rim and the temple. 
     In the above-described wearable device, the wearable device may include a band-type wearable device, and the sensor may be configured to detect a wearing state of the band-type wearable device based on pressure applied to a band of the band-type wearable device. 
     According to an aspect of another example embodiment, a method of operating a wearable device includes detecting a wearing state of a wearable device, obtaining authentication information and authenticating when the wearing state of the wearable device is detected, obtaining at least one piece of biometric information of a user when the user is authenticated, and activating at least one function of the wearable device based on the obtained biometric information. 
     According to another aspect of the example embodiment, the method of operating the wearable device may further include obtaining at least one piece of environment information, and the activating of the at least one function includes activating the at least one function based on the obtained biometric information and the environment information. 
     In the above-described operating method, the at least one function may include a function of controlling a home network environment. 
     According to another aspect of the example embodiment, the method of operating the wearable device may further include receiving an input, the input setting the at least one function to be activated. 
     According to another aspect of the example embodiment, the method of operating the wearable device may further include receiving an input, the input setting a condition of the biometric information to activate the at least one function. 
     In the above-described operating method, the wearable device may include a watch-type wearable device, and the detecting of the wearing state of the wearable device may include detecting a wearing state of the watch-type wearable device based on whether or not a fastener located on a watch band is fastened. 
     In the above-described operating method, the wearable device may include a glasses-type wearable device, and the detecting the wearing state of the wearable device may detect a wearing state of the glasses-type wearable device based on at least one of pressure applied to nose pads, a temple, a bridge, a rim, a tip of the glasses-type wearable device and an angle between the rim and the temple. 
     In the above-described operating method, the wearable device may include a band-type wearable device, and the detecting of the wearing state of the wearable device may include detecting a wearing state of the band-type wearable device based on pressure applied to a band. 
     A non-transitory computer-readable recording medium according to some example embodiments may have recorded thereon a program for executing the method of the example embodiments. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       These and/or other aspects will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like elements, and wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a watch-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 2  is a flowchart illustrating an example operation of a wearable device; 
         FIG. 3  is a flowchart illustrating an example operation of setting a function to be activated in a wearable device and a condition of biometric information; 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating an example operation of activating a wireless communication function by obtaining a pulse of a user, performed by a wearable device; 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a watch-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of setting a function to be activated in a watch-type wearable device and a condition of biometric information; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a watch-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a glasses-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a glasses-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a glasses-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 11  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a band-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a band-type wearable device; 
         FIG. 13  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a band-type wearable device; and 
         FIGS. 14 and 15  are block diagrams illustrating an example wearable device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Reference will now be made in greater detail to example embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. In this regard, the example embodiments may have different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the descriptions set forth herein. Accordingly, the example embodiments are simply described below, by referring to the figures, to explain various aspects. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. 
     Throughout this disclosure, when an element is referred to as being “connected” to another element, it could mean that the element is “directly connected” to the other element, or the element and the other element are “electrically connected” having one or more elements between them. Also, when an element is referred to as “including” a component, unless specified otherwise, it does not mean that the element excludes any other component, but rather may refer to a situation in which the element may further include other components. 
     Throughout this disclosure, when data is referred to as being “output on the screen of a device,” it means that the data is displayed on the screen of the device. Therefore, data referred to as being “output on the screen of a device” is also “displayed on the screen of the device.” 
     Hereinafter, various example embodiments will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a watch-type wearable device. 
     A “wearable device” is a device that may be attached to a user&#39;s body and may, for example, perform a computing operation. For example, the wearable device  100  may include various forms of wearable devices that may be attached to a user&#39;s body such as a watches, glasses, bands, bracelets, rings, necklaces, shoes, earphones, stickers, patches, clips, hats, shoes, or cloths, or the like. 
     The wearable device  100  may be configured to sense whether a user attaches or is wearing the wearable device  100  or not. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , for example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may sense a wearing state of the wearable device  100  based on whether a fastener located on a watch band is fastened or not. 
     For example, the fastener is a device for fixing a watch on a wrist. For example, the fastener may include a clasp, a buckle, ring, a button, a push button, or Velcro, or the like. 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may enter a power saving mode and a stand-by mode for saving power when a user does not wear the wearable device  100 . For example, the wearable device  100  in the power saving mode and the stand-by mode may partially restrict a function such as turning off a display, reducing brightness of the display, or restricting processor performance or a wireless communication function. Meanwhile, the wearable device  100  may leave the power saving mode and the stand-by mode when a user attaches the wearable device  100 . Therefore, the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may save power by sensing whether a user attaches the wearable device  100 . 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may leave the power saving mode and the stand-by mode when the fastener is fastened. Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may output a current time on a display of the device when the watch-type wearable device  100  leaves the power saving mode and enters the stand-by mode. 
     The wearable device  100  may obtain authentication information of a user. The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may obtain the authentication information of the user after being attached to the user. For example, not being in the stand-by mode may be a condition for obtaining the authentication information of the user for the wearable device  100 . 
     “Authentication information” may, for example, refer to information for identifying (e.g., authenticating) the user of the wearable device  100 . For example, the authentication information of the user may, for example, refer to information about at least one of the user&#39;s fingerprints, voice, iris, retina, vein, skeleton, and face, or the like. 
     For example, the wearable device  100  may obtain information about fingerprints and irises of a user through sensors  1420  and  1520  (see, e.g.,  FIGS. 14 and 15 ). However, a method of obtaining biometric information of a user for the wearable device  100  is not limited thereto. For example, the wearable device  100 , in order to obtain authentication information, may obtain information about a user&#39;s iris through a camera included in an audio/video (A/V) input unit  1570 , or may obtain information about user&#39;s voice through a microphone  1572  included in the A/V input unit  1570  (see, e.g.,  FIG. 15 ). 
     For example, referring to  FIG. 1 , the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain information about fingerprints as authentication information. For example, if a user touches a fingerprint sensor on the watch-type wearable device  100  with a finger, the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain information about the user&#39;s fingerprints. 
     The wearable device  100  obtains at least one piece of biometric information of the user. The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may obtain biometric information of the user after authenticating the user. For example, authenticating the user may be a condition for obtaining the biometric information of the user for the wearable device  100 . 
     Furthermore, “biometric information” may include, for example, at least one of information about a heart rate, an electrocardiography (ECG), a pulse, blood pressure, a temperature, an iris, sweat, eyes, an ultraviolet ray index, a retina, an artery, a vein, a skeleton, a face, and a motion of a user, or the like. The biometric information obtained from the user may vary depending on a user&#39;s body part to which the wearable device  100  is attached or the type of a sensor included in the wearable device  100 . 
     The authentication information and the biometric information may include, for example, identical information. For example, information about an iris may be biometric information for identifying a user of the wearable device  100  and simultaneously may be biometric information for activating at least one function of the wearable device  100 . The authentication information and the biometric information may not be exclusively related to each other based on a realizing method of the wearable device  100 . 
     For example, referring to  FIG. 1 , the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain at least one of biometric information about the heart rate, pulse, ECG, motion, sweat, blood pressure, and temperature from the wrist. For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain biometric information of a user from an artery in the wrist. 
     The wearable device  100  may be configured to activate at least one function based on the obtained biometric information. 
     The expression “activates a function” may, for example, refer to executing a prescribed application installed in the wearable device  100  or turning on a prescribed function. For example, the wearable device  100  may activate at least one function from among turning on a wireless communication function or a push notification function, and executing a navigation application, a pedometer application, or a home network control application, or the like, based on the biometric information of the user. 
     A “wireless communication function” may refer, for example, to a function of wireless data communication between the wearable device  100  and a host device, and an external device or the wearable device  100  and a server. For example, the wireless communication function may include short-range communication, mobile communication, or broadcast receiving, etc. Furthermore, the short-range communication may include Bluetooth, Bluetooth low energy (BLE), a near field communication (NFC), a wireless local area network (WLAN) (Wi-Fi), Zigbee, infrared data association (IrDA) communication, Wi-Fi direct (WFD), an ultra-wideband (UWB), Ant+, ultrasonic waves communication, or a body area network (BAN), but is not limited thereto. 
     Furthermore, a “home network control function” may refer, for example, to a function of controlling a house environment through a home network, performed by the wearable device  100 . For example, the wearable device  100  may be configured to control furniture or devices installed in a house such as air-conditioners, heaters, computers, TVs, telephones, or microwave ovens, or the like, through the home network. 
     The wearable device  100  may, for example, determine a user&#39;s state based on biometric information measured from a user. For example, if a user&#39;s temperature is high and the pulse has quickened compared to in a user&#39;s normal state, the wearable device  100  may be configured to determine that the user is exercising and may execute applications related to exercising such as a pedometer application, a calorie-consumption measuring application, or a running-speed measuring application, or the like. 
     Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may be configured to determine whether the user has properly attached the wearable device  100  based on the biometric information measured from the user. 
     For example, the fastener may be fastened when the watch-type wearable device  100  is not attached to the user. In this example, power of the watch-type wearable device  100  may be wasted when prescribed functions are activated. Therefore, the watch-type wearable device  100 , when the fastener is fastened, may activate the prescribed functions by determining whether the user has properly attached the wearable device  100  based on biometric information such as a pulse rate measured from a wrist. 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100 , when a pulse rate measured from the wrist is 50 beats per minute or more, may be configured to determine that the user has properly attached the watch-type wearable device  100  and may activate the wireless communication function. 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may be configured to obtain environment information of a user. Furthermore, the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may activate at least one function based on the biometric information and the environment information of the user. 
     “Environment information” may refer, for example, to information about an environment surrounding a user. For example, user environment information may include information about a position, weather, a temperature, humidity, brightness, and time, or the like. 
     The wearable device  100  may further be configured to accurately determine a user&#39;s state based on not only the biometric information measured from the user but also the environment information. For example, when a user&#39;s temperature is high, the pulse has quickened compared to in a user&#39;s normal state, and the user is located in an outdoor park, the wearable device  100  may be configured to determine that the user is exercising and may execute applications related to exercising. 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may receive an input, the input setting a function to be activated based on the biometric information measured by the user (hereinafter, “a function to be activated based on the measured biometric information” may, for example, be abbreviated to “a function to be activated”). Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may set the function to be activated based on the received input. 
     Furthermore, the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may receive an input, the input setting a condition of the biometric information to activate the function of the wearable device  100  (hereinafter, “a condition of the biometric information to activate the function” may, for example, be abbreviated to “a condition of the biometric information”). Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may set the condition of the biometric information based on the received input. 
     The operation of the wearable device  100  setting the function to be activated and the condition of the biometric information will be described in greater detail below with reference to  FIGS. 3 to 4 . 
       FIG. 2  is a flowchart  200  illustrating an example operation of a wearable device. 
     For example,  FIG. 2  illustrates example steps in which the operation of the wearable device  100  of  FIG. 1  may be processed time-sequentially. Therefore, the above-mentioned descriptions with respect to the operation of the wearable device  100  may also be applied to the example of  FIG. 2  even if the descriptions are omitted below. 
     In operation S 210 , the wearable device may detect a wearing state of a user. 
     For example, the wearable device  100  may detect, through a first sensor including a pressure sensor, a proximity sensor, and a temperature sensor, or the like, whether the user has attached the wearable device  100 . 
     In operation S 220 , if the wearable device detects that the user has attached the wearable device, the wearable device  100  may obtain authentication information of the user and may authenticate the user based on the obtained authentication information. 
     For example, the wearable device  100  may obtain authentication information of a user&#39;s fingerprints, iris, or voice, or the like, and may authenticate the user. For example, the wearable device  100  may authenticate the user by confirming whether the authentication information obtained from the user and authentication information registered in advance match each other. 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may be configured to obtain the authentication information of the user through a second sensor which is activated when the wearable device  100  is attached in operation S 210 . 
     For example, it may, for example be assumed that the watch-type wearable device  100  senses whether or not the user has attached the watch-type wearable device  100  by fastening a fastener in operation S 210 . Therefore, in operation S 220 , a fingerprint sensor of the watch-type wearable device  100  may be activated. Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may authenticate the user by obtaining information about the user&#39;s fingerprints through the fingerprint sensor. 
     As described above, the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may save power by controlling power of a sensor for user authentication whether the user has attached the wearable device  100 . 
     In operation S 230 , the wearable device  100  obtains biometric information of the user. The biometric information obtained from the user may vary depending on the type of the wearable device  100 . 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may obtain the biometric information of the user through a third sensor which is activated when the user is authenticated in operation S 220 . 
     For example, it may, for example, be assumed that the watch-type wearable device  100  authenticates the user through the fingerprint sensor in operation S 220 . Therefore, a pulse sensor of the watch-type wearable device  100  may be activated in operation S 230 . The watch-type wearable device  100  may measure a pulse of the user through the pulse sensor. 
     As described above, the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may save power by controlling power of a sensor for obtaining biometric information based on whether the user is authenticated. 
     Furthermore, in operation S 230 , the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may obtain environment information of the user. 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may obtain the environment information of the user through a fourth sensor which is activated when the user is authenticated in operation S 220 . 
     For example, it may be assumed that the watch-type wearable device  100  authenticates the user through the fingerprint sensor in operation S 220 . Therefore, it is possible to obtain position information of the user as a global positioning system (GPS) of the watch-type wearable device  100  is activated in operation S 230 . 
     In operation S 240 , the wearable device  100  may activate at least one function based on the obtained biometric information. The function to be activated may, for example, be set by the user. Furthermore, the function to be activated may vary depending on the type of the wearable device  100 , and the type and place of the biometric information obtained from the user. 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate a wireless communication function when a pulse rate measured from a wrist satisfies a prescribed condition. 
     Furthermore, in operation S 240 , the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may activate at least one function based on the biometric information and the environment information obtained in operation S 230 . 
     The wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may provide convenience by activating at least one function based on the biometric information without a user&#39;s operation. 
     Furthermore, when at least one function of the wearable device  100  is activated in operation S 240 , at least one from among the first to third sensors of the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments may be deactivated. For example, when at least one function of the wearable device  100  is activated in operation S 240 , the wearable device  100  may save power as the second sensor, which is a sensor for user authentication, is deactivated. 
       FIG. 3  is a flowchart  300  illustrating an example operation of setting a function to be activated in the wearable device  100  according to a condition of the biometric information. 
     For example,  FIG. 3  illustrates an example in which the operation of the wearable device  100  of  FIG. 1  may, for example, be processed time-sequentially. Therefore, the above-mentioned descriptions with respect to the operation of the wearable device  100  may be applied to the example of  FIG. 3  even if the descriptions are omitted below. 
     In operation S 310 , the wearable device  100  may receive an input setting a function to be activated. For example, the wearable device  100  may select the function to be activated from among a plurality of functions included in the wearable device  100  without a user&#39;s operation, based on biometric information obtained from a user. For example, the wearable device  100  may set functions such as a wireless communication function and a push notification function, or the like, as a function to be activated based on the biometric information. 
     Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may set the function to be activated by reflecting the type of the wearable device  100  in operation S 310 . For example, a function included in the wearable device  100  or a specified function may vary depending on the type of wearable device  100 . Therefore, the function to be activated based on the biometric information in the wearable device  100  may be variously set depending on the type of the wearable device  100 . 
     In operation S 320 , the wearable device  100  may receive an input setting a condition of the biometric information to activate the function set in operation S 310 . For example, the wearable device  100  may respectively set an activation condition with respect to each function. 
     For example, a condition of the biometric information to activate at least one function may include whether a value of the biometric information is included in a prescribed range. For example, the wearable device  100  may set a pulse rate measured from the user to be 50 beats per minute or more as a condition for activating the wireless communication function. 
     Furthermore, the condition of the biometric information to activate at least one function may be set based on, for example, a user&#39;s constitution. A biometric information feature of the user such as blood pressure, a pulse, and a temperature may be different from a biometric information feature of other people depending on a constitution such as height, weight, age, sex, race, medical history, and the like. Therefore, the wearable device  100  may set a condition of the biometric information based on the user&#39;s constitution. 
     For example, it may be assumed that the wireless communication function of the wearable device  100  is activated when blood pressure measured from the user exceeds a prescribed threshold. The wearable device  100  may set a threshold of a user having low blood pressure lower than a threshold of a user not having low blood pressure. For example, the wearable device  100  may correct the condition of the biometric information by inputting information about a user&#39;s constitution. 
     Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may activate various functions depending on the biometric information obtained from the user. For example, even in the case of the same user, a value of the biometric information such as blood pressure, a pulse, and temperature may change based on a user&#39;s body state due to hormone effects. Therefore, the biometric information obtained from the user may be information about the user&#39;s body state, and the wearable device  100  may activate functions suitable for the user&#39;s body state based on the obtained biometric information. 
     For example, it may be assumed that the push notification function is activated or restricted based on the pulse rate measured from the user. When the pulse rate of the user is 90 beats per minute or more, the wearable device  100  determines that the user is exercising and may entirely or partially restrict the push notification function. For example, when the pulse rate measured from the user is 90 beats per minute or more, the push notification function of the wearable device  100  may be activated with respect to only messages, email, and phone calls received from family members and colleagues. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates that the wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments performs operation S 310  prior to operation S 320 ; however, the wearable device  100  according to another example embodiment may perform operation S 320  before operation S 310 . For example, the wearable device  100  may set a function to be activated after setting a condition of the biometric information. 
     In operation S 330 , the wearable device  100  obtains biometric information. As operation S 330  may be the same as operation S 230 , repeated descriptions of  FIG. 2  are omitted. 
     In operation S 340 , the wearable device  100  may determine whether the biometric information of the user obtained in operation S 330  satisfies the prescribed condition set in operation S 320 . 
     In operation S 350 , when the biometric information of the user satisfies the prescribed condition, the wearable device  100  activates at least one function. As operation S 350  may be the same as operation S 240 , repeated descriptions of  FIG. 2  are omitted. 
       FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating an example operation of activating a wireless communication function by obtaining a pulse of a user, performed by a wearable device. 
     For example,  FIG. 4  illustrates steps in which the operation of the wearable device  100  of  FIG. 1  may, for example, be processed time-sequentially. Therefore, the above-mentioned descriptions with respect to the operation of the wearable device  100  may be applied to the example of  FIG. 4  even if the descriptions are omitted below. 
     In operation S 410 , the wearable device  100  may receive an input setting the wireless communication function as a function to be activated based on biometric information of a user. 
     Furthermore, in operation S 420 , the wearable device  100  may, for example, receive whether the pulse rate is 50 beats per minute or more as a condition for activating the wireless communication function. 
     In operation S 430 , the wearable device  100  may measure the pulse of the user. For example, a watch-type wearable device may measure the pulse from an artery of a wrist. 
     In operation S 440 , the wearable device  100  determines whether the pulse rate measured from the user to be 50 beats per minute or more. 
     As a result of the determination in operation S 440 , the wearable device may activate the wireless communication function in operation S 450  when the pulse rate measured from the user to be 50 beats per minute or more. 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a watch-type wearable device  100 . 
     As described above in  FIG. 1 , the watch-type wearable device  100  of  FIG. 5  may detect a wearing state of the wearable device  100  based, for example, on whether a fastener is fastened or not. 
     Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain biometric information of a user by measuring a pulse of a wrist. Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate a Wi-Fi function, a Bluetooth function, and a push notification function when the pulse rate measured from the wrist is 50 beats per minute or more. For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may determine that a user properly attaches the watch-type wearable device  100  when the pulse rate measured from the wrist is 50 beats per minute or more. Therefore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate a wireless communication function and the push notification function. 
     Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  having the activated Bluetooth function may be paired with a host device  520  and an external device  510 . 
     The “host device  520 ” may refer, for example, to a device capable of controlling the wearable device  100 . For example, the host device  520  may install a prescribed application for controlling the wearable device  100 . Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may include a prescribed widget corresponding to the prescribed application installed in the host device  520 . The host device  520  may execute the prescribed application and may command to transmit/receive prescribed data to/from the wearable device  100 , or to perform a prescribed operation for the wearable device  100 . For example, the host device  520  may control the wearable device  100  to output a notification signal. 
     The wearable device  100  may also control the host device  520 . For example, the wearable device  100  may install a prescribed widget to control the host device  520 . Furthermore, the host device  520  may install a prescribed application corresponding to the prescribed widget installed in the wearable device  100 . The wearable device  100  may execute the prescribed widget and may execute a command to transmit/receive prescribed data to/from the host device  520 , or to perform a prescribed operation for the host device  520 . For example, the wearable device  100  may request the host device  520  for current time information. 
     The host device  520  may be realized in various forms such as smart phones, tablet PCs, and computers, or the like. Furthermore, in general, the user of the wearable device  100  and the user of the host device  520  are typically the same. 
     The wearable device  100  may communicate with the host device  520 . For example, the wearable device  100  may be paired with the host device  520  and may transmit/receive data to/from the host device  520 . The wearable device  100  may undergo authenticating and registering processes to be paired with the host device  520 . 
     For example, the wearable device  100  may communicate with the host device  520  using a wired/wireless communication method. For example, the wearable device  100  may communicate with the host device  520  through a data cable connected to the host device  520 . Furthermore, the wearable device  100  may communicate with the host device  520  using a wireless communication method such as NFC, Zigbee, Bluetooth, or UWB communication, or the like. 
     Furthermore, the “external device  510 ” may refer, for example, to a device capable of communicating with the wearable device  100  other than the host device  520 . The external device  510  may, for example, be realized in various forms such as wearable devices, smart phones, tablet PCs, or computers, or the like. The wearable device  100  may communicate with the external device  510  using the same wired/wireless communication method as the communication method used with the host device  520 . 
     Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  having the activated wireless communication function may activate a home network control function. For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate the home network control function when the wireless communication function according to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or a mobile communication network is activated. 
     For example, when the wireless communication function is activated, the watch-type wearable device  100  may obtain list information of at least one device capable of being controlled by the wearable device  100  through a home network, from a server connected to the home network. Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may display the list information obtained from the server on a display and may receive an input selecting a device to control from among the displayed list. Therefore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may execute an application to control the selected device. 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may restrict some of push notifications when a pulse rate measured from a wrist is 90 beats per minute or more. For example, when a pulse rate measured from the wrist is 90 beats per minute or more, the wearable device  100  may determine that the user is exercising. Therefore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate a push notification function of an urgent message or email, and may restrict a commercial push notification function with respect to a shopping application or a spam message. 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may activate an application related to health care such as a heart rate diagnostic application when the pulse rate measured from a wrist is less than 40 beats per minute or 120 beats per minute or more. For example, when the pulse rate measured from a wrist exceeds a prescribed range, the watch-type wearable device  100  may determine that the user&#39;s heart is functioning abnormally and may execute an application for self-diagnosis. Furthermore, when the pulse rate measured from the wrist exceeds a normal range, the watch-type wearable device  100  may generate an alarm sound or output a warning message to the display. 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of setting a function  620  to be activated in a watch-type wearable device and a condition  610  of biometric information. 
     A watch-type wearable device  100  according to various example embodiments, through a prescribed user interface display  600 , may receive an input setting the function  620  to be activated based on the biometric information, or may receive an input setting the condition  610  of the biometric information to activate a prescribed function. 
     For example, the user interface display  600  may include at least one from among an add button  630 , a delete button  640 , and an edit button  650  for the condition  610  of the biometric information and the function  620  to be activated. 
     For example, the watch-type wearable device  100  may set a Wi-Fi function, a Bluetooth function, a push notification activation function, and a pairing function as a function to be activated. 
     Furthermore, the watch-type wearable device  100  may set a pulse rate measured from a wrist to exceed 50 beats per minute as an activation condition of the Wi-Fi function and the Bluetooth function, a pulse rate measured from a wrist to be less than 90 beats per minute as an activation condition of the push notification function, and a temperature measured from a wrist to exceed 35° C. and to be less than 38° C. as a condition for pairing with a host device. 
       FIG. 7  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a watch-type wearable device  100 . 
     For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 7 , the watch-type wearable device  100  may include a fastener  700  in the form of a ring or a clasp. A first sensor (not shown) of the watch-type wearable device  100  may be located on the fastener  700  and may detect a wearing state of the wearable device  100  based on whether the fastener is fastened or not. 
     Furthermore, a second sensor (not shown) of the watch-type wearable device  100  may be located on the fastener  700  and may obtain, for example, fingerprint information as authentication information of a user. 
     Furthermore, a third sensor  710  of the watch-type wearable device  100  may measure biometric information. For example, the third sensor  710  may be located on a rear surface of the watch and may measure biometric information such as blood pressure, a pulse, and a temperature from a wrist. 
       FIG. 8  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a glasses-type wearable device  800 . 
     The glasses-type wearable device  800  may sense a wearing state of the glasses-type wearable device  800  based on at least one of, for example, pressure applied to the glasses-type wearable device  800  and an angle between a rim and a temple. 
     “Pressure applied to the glasses-type wearable device  800 ” may refer, for example to pressure generated between a user&#39;s face and the glasses-type wearable device  800  when the user attaches the glasses-type wearable device  800 . For example, the pressure applied to the glasses-type wearable device  800  may include at least one of pressures generated between nose pads  1000  of the glasses, a temple  1010 , a bridge  1030 , a rim  1020 , or a tip  1040  and the user&#39;s face or head (see  FIG. 10 ). 
     For example, the pressure applied to the nose pads  1000  may, for example, be pressure generated between a ridge of the nose and the nose pads  1000 . 
     Furthermore, the pressure applied to the temple  1010  may, for example, be pressure generated between a user&#39;s temple and the temple  1010  of the glasses. The temple  1010  of the glasses may be a component of the glasses connecting the rim  1020  and the tip  1040  and may be distinguished from the user&#39;s temple. 
     Furthermore, the pressure applied to bridge  1030  may be pressure generated between the ridge of the nose and the bridge  1030 . The bridge  1030  is a component of the glasses connecting the rim  1020  and the rim  1020 . 
     Furthermore, the pressure applied to the rim  1020  may be pressure generated between a cheekbone and the rim  1020 . The rim  1020  is a component of the glasses in which glasses lenses are installed. 
     Furthermore, the pressure applied to the tip  1040  may be pressure generated between an ear and the tip  1040 . The tip  1040  is a component of the glasses hooking around the user&#39;s ear. 
     For example, an attachment of the glasses-type wearable device  800  is sensed when pressure applied to the nose pads exceeds a first threshold or pressure applied to the temple exceeds a second threshold, and the glasses-type wearable device  800  may leave a power saving mode and a stand-by mode. 
     For example, an attachment of the glasses-type wearable device  800  is sensed when an angle between respective extension lines of the rim  1020  and the temple  1010  is 45° or more, and the glasses-type wearable device  800  may leave a power saving mode and a stand-by mode. 
     For example, current position information and time information may be output on lenses of the glasses-type wearable device  100  when the attachment of the glasses-type wearable device  800  is sensed. 
     As described above, biometric information measured from a user may vary depending on the type of a wearable device. For example, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may measure at least one piece of biometric information of a pulse and blood pressure from a user&#39;s temple. For example, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may measure the pulse and blood pressure from an artery in the user&#39;s temple. 
     The glasses-type wearable device  800  may, for example, obtain information about a user&#39;s gaze, iris, and pupil besides the pulse and blood pressure measured from the user&#39;s temple. 
     The glasses-type wearable device  800  may activate at least one function based on the pulse rate measured from the user&#39;s temple. For example, when the pulse rate measured from the user&#39;s temple is 50 beats per minute or more, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may determine that the user has properly attached the glasses-type wearable device  800  and may activate a wireless communication function. 
     For example, an angle between the rim  1020  and the temple  1010  may be 45° or more or pressure having the first threshold or more may be applied to the nose pads  1000  when the glasses-type wearable device  800  is not attached to a user. In this example, power of the glasses-type wearable device  800  may be wasted when prescribed functions are activated. Therefore, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may determine whether the glasses are properly attached based on the biometric information measured from the user&#39;s temple. For example, when the pulse rate measured from the user&#39;s temple is 50 beats per minute or more, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may determine that the user has properly attached the glasses-type wearable device  800  and may activate the wireless communication function. 
       FIG. 9  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a glasses-type wearable device  800 . 
     The glasses-type wearable device  800  may measure a pulse of a user&#39;s temple. Furthermore, when a pulse rate measured from a user&#39;s temple is 50 beats per minute or more, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may activate a Wi-Fi function, a Bluetooth function, and a push notification function. 
     Furthermore, the glasses-type wearable device  800  having the activated wireless communication functions may pair with a host device  520  and an external device  510  and may activate a home network control function. 
     As described above, functions or a specified function included in a wearable device may vary depending on the type of the wearable device. For example, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may specify a display function such as a navigation system and an augmented reality system compared to different types of wearable devices. Therefore, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may activate the navigation function when the pulse rate measured from the user&#39;s temple is 50 beats per minute or more. 
     For example, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may activate a light function by sensing that a user&#39;s pupil becomes smaller. For example, the glasses-type wearable device  800  may determine that the user moved from a bright area to a dark area by sensing that the user&#39;s pupil becomes smaller, and may execute a light application. 
       FIG. 10  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a glasses-type wearable device. 
     For example, a first sensor (not shown) located in nose pads  1000  may measure pressure applied to the nose pads  1000  and may detect a wearing state of a glasses-type wearable device  800 . 
     Furthermore, a second sensor (not shown) located on a rim  1020  of the glasses may obtain information about an iris as authentication information of a user. 
     Furthermore, a third sensor (not shown) located on a temple  1010  of the glasses may measure information about blood pressure and a pulse of a user&#39;s temple as biometric information of a user. 
       FIG. 11  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of a band-type wearable device according to an exemplary embodiment. 
     The “band-type wearable device” may refer, for example, to a device attachable to a user&#39;s body such as a head, an arm, a leg, a wrist, fingers, an ankle, and toes, or the like, using, for example, an elastic band. 
     When a band-type wearable device  1100  is attached to a wrist or an ankle, the band may be stretched by pressure generated between a user and the band. Therefore, the band-type wearable device  1100  may detect a wearing state of the band-type wearable device  1100  based on the pressure applied to the band. The band-type wearable device  1100  may detect the wearing state of the band-type wearable device  100  based on a transformed shape of the band or elasticity of the band as well as or instead of the pressure. 
     For example, when the pressure applied to the band exceeds a prescribed threshold, the band-type wearable device  1100  may sense the wearing state of the band-type wearable device  1100  and may leave a power saving mode and a stand-by mode. 
     As described above, biometric information obtained from a user may vary depending on the type of a wearable device. The band-type wearable device  1100  may measure at least one of blood pressure, a pulse, and a temperature from a body part to which a band is contacted. For example, when a user attaches the band-type wearable device  1100  to the ankle, the band-type wearable device  1100  may measure a pulse from an artery of the ankle. 
     The band-type wearable device  1100  may activate at least one function based on the biometric information obtained from the body part to which the band is contacted. For example, when the band-type wearable device  1100  is attached to an ankle and the pulse rate measured from the user&#39;s ankle is 50 beats per minute or more, the band-type wearable device  1100  may determine that the user has properly attached the band-type wearable device  1100  and may activate a wireless communication function. 
     For example, pressure may be applied to the band when the band-type wearable device  100  is not attached to the user. In this example, power of the band-type wearable device  1100  may be wasted when prescribed functions are activated. Therefore, the wearable device  1100  may determine whether the user has properly attached the band based on the biometric information of the user. For example, when the pulse rate measured from the ankle is 50 beats per minute or more, the band-type wearable device  1100  may determine that the user has properly attached the band-type wearable device  1100  and may activate the wireless communication function. 
       FIG. 12  is a diagram illustrating an example operation of activating at least one function by obtaining biometric information, performed by a band-type wearable device  1100 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 12 , when the band-type wearable device  1100  is attached to a user&#39;s ankle, the band-type wearable device  1100  may measure a pulse from the ankle. Furthermore, when the pulse rate measured from the ankle is 50 beats per minute or more, the band-type wearable device  1100  may activate a Wi-Fi function, a Bluetooth function, and a push notification function. 
     Furthermore, the band-type wearable device  1100  having the activated wireless communication functions may pair with a host device  520  and an external device  510  and may activate a home network control function. 
     For example, the band-type wearable device  1100  may measure moving speed of a user as biometric information and may execute a pedometer application. For example, when the moving speed of the user exceeds a prescribed threshold, the band-type wearable device  1100  determines that the user is exercising and may execute the pedometer application. 
     The methods described above may be written as a program executable in a computer, and may be implemented by a general-use digital computer that runs the program stored, for example, in a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium. The structure of data used in the methods described above may be recorded in non-transitory computer-readable recording media in several ways. The non-transitory computer-readable recording media include storage media, such as magnetic storage media (e.g., a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a universal serial bus (USB) memory, a floppy disk, a hard disk, etc.) and optical reading media (e.g., a compact disc (CD)-ROM, a digital versatile disc (DVD), etc.). 
       FIG. 13  is a diagram illustrating an example structure of a band-type wearable device. 
     For example, a first sensor  1300  located on an inner surface of the band may measure pressure between the band and a user and may detect a wearing state of a band-type wearable device  1100 . 
     Furthermore, a second sensor  1320  located on an outer surface of the band may obtain information about fingerprints as authentication information of the user. 
     Furthermore, a third sensor  1310  located on the inner surface of the band may obtain information about blood pressure, a pulse, and a temperature of a body part to which the band is contacted as biometric information of the user. 
       FIGS. 14 to 15  are block diagrams illustrating an example wearable device. 
     Devices  1400  and  1500  illustrated in  FIGS. 14 to 15  may correspond, for example, to the watch-type wearable device  100 , the glasses-type wearable device  800 , and the band-type wearable device  1100  described above with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 14 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , the wearable device  1400  according to various example embodiments may include a sensor (e.g., including at least one sensor including sensor circuitry)  1420  and a processor (e.g., including processing circuitry)  1440 . Furthermore, the wearable device  1400  may further include an input unit (e.g., including input circuitry)  1430 . 
     Furthermore, not all components of  FIG. 14  are essential components of the wearable device  1400 . The wearable device  1400  may also be realized by using more or fewer components than those of  FIG. 14 . 
     For example, referring to  FIG. 15 , a wearable device  1500  according to another example embodiment may further include an output unit (e.g., including output circuitry)  1550 , a communicator (e.g., including communication circuitry/chips)  1560 , an A/V input unit (e.g., including input circuitry)  1570 , and a memory  1580  compared to the wearable device  1400  of  FIG. 14 . 
     The sensors  1420  and  1520  may sense a state of the devices  1400  and  1500  or a state around the devices  1400  and  1500 , and a state of a user and a state around the user and may transmit the sensed information to processors  1440  and  1540 . 
     The sensors  1420  and  1520  may include at least one of a geomagnetic sensor  1511 , an acceleration sensor  1512 , a temperature/humidity sensor  1513 , an infrared sensor  1514 , a gyro sensor  1515 , a location sensor (e.g., GPS)  1516 , a pressure sensor  1517 , a proximity sensor  1518 , an RGB (illuminance) sensor  1519 , a heart rate sensor  1521 , a temperature sensor  1522 , a fingerprint sensor  1523 , a blood pressure sensor  1524 , an iris sensor  1525 , and a pupil sensor  1526 , but are not limited thereto. For example, the sensors  1420  and  1520  may further include a heart rate measurement sensor or an ECG sensor. Functions of the respective sensors may be intuitively inferred from their names by those of ordinary skill in the art, and thus detailed descriptions of the functions will be omitted. 
     For example, the sensors  1420  and  1520  may detect a wearing state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . Furthermore, the sensors  1420  and  1520  may obtain authentication information of a user, at least one piece of biometric information of a user, and at least one piece of environment information of a user. 
     The sensors  1420  and  1520  may be distinguished into a plurality of sensors depending on the function. For example, the sensors  1420  and  1520  may include a first sensor detecting the wearing state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 , a second sensor obtaining the authentication information of the user, a third sensor obtaining the biometric information of the user, and a fourth sensor obtaining the environment information of the user. 
     Furthermore, the sensors  1420  and  1520  may be activated or deactivated based on the state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . For example, the first sensor detecting the wearing state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  may be always activated when the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  are turned on. The second sensor obtaining the authentication information of the user may be activated after the wearing state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  are detected by the first sensor. Furthermore, the third sensor obtaining the biometric information of the user and the fourth sensor obtaining the environment information of the user may be activated after the user is authenticated. 
     Furthermore, at least one of the first to fourth sensors may be deactivated when the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  activate a prescribed function based on the biometric information of the user, or based on the biometric information and the environment information of the user. 
     The processors  1440  and  1540  typically control general operations of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . For example, the processors  1440  and  1540  may generally control power switch units  1410  and  1510 , the sensors  1420  and  1520 , input units  1430  and  1530 , the output unit  1550 , the communicator  1560 , and the A/V input unit  1570  by executing programs stored in the memory  1580 . 
     For example, when the wearing state of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  is detected by the sensors  1420  and  1520 , the processors  1440  and  1540  may authenticate the user based on the authentication information obtained by the sensors  1420  and  1520 . Furthermore, the processors  1440  and  1540  may activate at least one function based on the biometric information obtained by the sensors  1420  and  1520 . Furthermore, the processors  1440  and  1540  may activate at least one function based on the biometric information and the environment information obtained by the sensors  1420  and  1520 . 
     The input units  1430  and  1530  are portions in which the user inputs data for controlling the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . For example, the input units  1430  and  1530  may be a key pad, a dome switch, a touchpad (a touch capacitive type, pressure resistive type, an infrared sensing type, a surface ultrasonic wave type, an integral tension measurement type, a piezo effect type, etc.), a jog wheel, a jog switch, etc., but are not limited thereto. 
     For example, the input units  1430  and  1530  may receive an input setting a function to be activated, and may receive an input setting a condition of the biometric information to activate the function. 
     The A/V input unit  1570  may be provided to input an audio signal or a video signal, and may include a camera  1571 , a microphone  1572 , and so on. The camera  1571  may obtain an image frame such as a still image or a moving image through an image sensor in a video call mode or a photographing mode. An image captured by the image sensor may be processed by the processors  1440  and  1540  or an image processor (not shown). 
     Furthermore, the A/V input unit  1570  may be included in the sensors  1420  and  1520  according to an example embodiment of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . 
     The image frame processed by the camera  1571  may be stored in the memory  1580  or transmitted to the outside through communicator  1560 . Two or more cameras  1571  may be provided based on a configuration of the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . 
     The microphone  1572  may receive an external sound signal and processes the external sound signal as electrical voice data. For example, the microphone  1572  may receive the external sound signal from the external device or a speaker. The microphone  1572  may use various noise removal algorithms for removing noise that is generated during the process of receiving the external sound signal. 
     The output unit (e.g., including output circuitry)  1550  may output an audio signal, a video signal, or a vibration signal, and include a display unit (e.g., including a display panel and display driving circuitry)  1551 , a sound output unit (e.g., including sound output circuitry)  1552 , and a vibration motor  1553 . 
     The display unit  1551  outputs information processed by the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . For example, the display unit  1551  may display a user interface for selecting a virtual image, a user interface for setting an operation of a virtual image, and a user interface for purchasing an item of a virtual image. 
     When the display unit  1551  and a touchpad are layered and constitute a touch screen, the display unit  1551  may be used as an input device as well as an output device. The display unit  1551  may include at least one of a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a flexible display, a three-dimensional (3D) display, and an electrophoretic display, or the like. According to an example implementation, the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  may include two or more display units  1551 . The two or more display units  1551  may be disposed to face each other by using a hinge. 
     The sound output unit  1552  outputs audio data received from the communicator  1560  or stored in the memory  1580 . The sound output unit  1552  may output sound signals (e.g., a call signal receiving sound, a message receiving sound, a notification sound, etc.) associated with functions performed by the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . The sound output unit  1552  may include a speaker, a buzzer, and so on. 
     The vibration motor  1553  may output a vibration signal. For example, the vibration motor  1553  may output a vibration signal corresponding to an output of the audio data (e.g., the call signal receiving sound, the message receiving sound, etc.) or video data. Also, when a touch is input to the touch screen, the vibration motor  1553  may output a vibration signal. 
     The communicator  1560  may include one or more components that allow data communication between the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  and other devices or between the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  and a server. For example, the communicator  1560  may include a short-range wireless communication unit  1561 , a mobile communication unit  1562 , and a broadcast receiver  1563 . 
     The short-range wireless communication unit  1561  may include a Bluetooth communicator, a BLE communicator, an NFC/radio frequency identification (RFID) unit, a WLAN (Wi-Fi) communicator, a ZigBee communicator, an infrared (IrDA) communicator, a WFD communicator, a UWB communicator, an Ant+ communicator, an infrared communicator, an ultrasonic communicator, a BAN communicator, etc., but is not limited thereto. 
     The mobile communicator  1562  may exchange wireless signals with at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server in a mobile communication network. For example, the wireless signal may include a voice call signal, a video call signal, or various forms of data according to transmission and reception of a text/multimedia message. 
     The broadcast receiver  1563  may receive a broadcast signal and/or broadcast-associated information from the outside through a broadcast channel. The broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial wave channel. According to an example, the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  may not include the broadcast receiver  1563 . 
     For example, the communicator  1560  may communicate with the host device  520 . Also, the communicator  1560  may communicate with the external device  510 . 
     The memory  1580  may store a program for processing and controlling the processors  1440  and  1540  and store data that is input to or output from the wearable devices  1400  and  1500 . 
     The memory  1580  may include at least one type of storage medium among a flash memory-type storage medium, a hard disk-type storage medium, a multimedia card micro-type storage medium, a card-type memory (e.g., a secure digital (SD) memory, an extreme digital (XD) memory, etc.), a RAM, a static RAM (SRAM), a ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), a magnetic memory, a magnetic disc, and an optical disc, or the like. 
     For example, the memory  1580  may store a condition of biometric information to activate a prescribed function. 
     As described above, the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  may save power by controlling power based on whether the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  are attached or not. Furthermore, the wearable devices  1400  and  1500  may provide convenience to a user by activating at least one function based on the biometric information of the user. 
     It should be understood that the example embodiments described herein should be considered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of the features or aspects within each example embodiment should typically be considered as available for other similar features or aspects in other example embodiments. 
     While one or more example embodiments have been described with reference to the figures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims.