Patent Publication Number: US-9838839-B2

Title: Repackaging media content data with anonymous identifiers

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/171,919, filed on Jun. 5, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present technology relates generally to user privacy in a network-based ecosystem and more specifically to devices creating a firewall between a client device and a media content provider across which personal user data does not cross. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Digital content and media playback capabilities have been integrated in numerous common, everyday devices such as mobile phones and tablet computers. Not surprisingly, the widespread availability of such computing devices has prompted an enormous demand for digital and media content. The Internet has further fueled this demand, serving as a popular and convenient resource for such content and greatly expanding the amount of digital and media content available to users. While providing content to a user, collection of personal information by content providers should meet or exceed industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data and keeping it private and secure. Thoughtful ways of maintaining privacy of personal and private information can help address concerns of how such information is used. 
     SUMMARY 
     Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or can be learned by practice of the herein disclosed principles. The features and advantages of the disclosure can be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. These and other features of the disclosure will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or can be learned by the practice of the principles set forth herein. 
     The approaches set forth herein allow the provision of targeted media content to a user while maintaining anonymity of the user and the content consumed by the user. For example, the content consumption of the user, including application content, invitational content, device content, and/or user content, can be divided or split and stored in different locations, such as logs. Each of the different locations can also store an anonymous identifier to represent the stored data. Any user or device identifiers which can be used to identify the user or the user&#39;s device can then be maintained separate from the anonymous identifiers and the associated data such that the anonymous identifiers and the associated data may not be correlated to the user or the user&#39;s device. Thus, these approaches can be used to provide invitational content to a user without specifically identifying the user or tracking information which can be used to correlate a specific user to the content consumed by the user. The anonymized information can then be used, for example, to optimize content campaigns while maintaining user privacy. 
     Disclosed are systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable storage media for maintaining user anonymity in content statistics. A system, such as a server, can first receive a media content request from a client device, such as a smartphone or a tablet computer. The media content request can include a user account identifier, a first anonymous identifier, and/or a second anonymous identifier. The first and second anonymous identifiers can be different and separate from the user account identifier and/or a device identifier associated with the client device. Moreover, the first anonymous identifier can be a content identifier which can identify content presented at the client device, and the second anonymous identifier can be an invitational content identifier which can identify invitational content delivered to, and/or presented by, the client device. 
     The system can store the user account identifier and the first and second anonymous identifiers in separate locations and without attributing the first and second anonymous identifiers to a user account associated with the user account identifier. For example, the system can store the first and second anonymous identifiers separately from the user account identifier and without any correlations to the user account identifier. This way, the first and second anonymous identifiers can be stored separately from the user account identifier and without any information that explicitly identifies or associates the first and second anonymous identifiers with the user account identifier. Thus, a system or user that reads the first and second anonymous identifiers may not be able to correlate the first and second anonymous identifiers to the user account and user associated with the user account identifier. 
     In response to the media content request, the system can transmit a media content item to the client device based on the user account identifier. The media content item can include any media content such as audio, video, text, and so forth. 
     The system can report the first and/or second anonymous identifiers to a remote device, such as a server, without a user account identifier. In some cases, the system can report the first and/or second anonymous identifiers to the same or different entities, such as one or more media, application, or messaging content providers. Moreover, the first and/or second anonymous identifiers can be reported along with associated content. For example, the first anonymous identifier can be reported along with an indication of content presented or consumed at the client device, such as application content or a web page. Similarly, the second anonymous identifier can be reported along with an indication of invitational content transmitted to, or presented at, the client device. 
     One or more remote systems, such as servers, can receive the first and/or second anonymous identifiers along with data associated with the first and/or second anonymous identifiers in order to obtain data and statistics about an unknown user represented by the first and/or second anonymous identifiers. The remote systems can then use this information to target the unknown user with content, modify content campaigns, evaluate content or campaign performance, modify the amount or delivery of content, determine costs and/or revenue details, adjust or analyze budgeting details, and/or collect or report other metrics—all without identifying the specific user, revealing the user&#39;s actual identity, or maintaining personal or private details about the user. The remote systems can use this information to identify specific content interactions and activities for an unknown user, identify specific characteristics about the user (e.g., demographics, location, etc.), and correlate the unknown user, the specific characteristics, and the specific content interactions and activities when performing analytics and making adjustments to campaigns, content, etc. 
     In this way, the remote systems can also collect content interactions and activities as well as user characteristics for multiple, unknown users and aggregate the data for analysis. The aggregated data can then provide meaningful information about users and interactions without identifying specific users. For example, the aggregated data may indicate that n number of unknown male users aged 20 to 25 have viewed article X from application Y and received invitational content item Z from application Y. This can provide useful information about article X, application Y, invitational content item Z, and/or interactions associated with male users between the ages of 20 and 25. 
     The present disclosure recognizes that the use of personal information data can be used to the benefit of users. For example, personal information data can be used to better understand user behavior, facilitate and measure the effectiveness of applications and delivered digital content. Accordingly, use of such personal information data enables calculated control of the delivered digital content. For example, the system can reduce the number of times a user receives a given ad or other content and can thereby select and deliver content that is more meaningful to users. Such changes in system behavior improve the user experience. Further, other uses for personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by the present disclosure. 
     The present disclosure further contemplates that the entities responsible for the collection, analysis, disclosure, transfer, storage, or other use of such personal information data should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data private and secure. For example, personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection should occur only after the informed consent of the users. Additionally, such entities would take any needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such personal information data and ensuring that others with access to the personal information data adhere to their privacy and security policies and procedures. Further, such entities can subject themselves to evaluation by third parties to certify their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. 
     Despite the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which users selectively block the use of, or access to, personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and/or software elements can be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. For example, in the case of invitational content delivery services, the present technology can be configured to allow users to select to “opt in” or “opt out” of participation in the collection of personal information data during registration for services. In another example, users can select not to provide location information for invitational content delivery services. In yet another example, users can configure their devices or user terminals to prevent storage or use of cookies and other mechanisms from which personal information data can be discerned. The present disclosure also contemplates that other methods or technologies may exist for blocking access to their personal information data. 
     Moreover, the present disclosure includes mechanisms which can be implemented to protect the privacy of users and anonymize data collected. For example, data collected about a user can be maintained separately from any information, such as a user identifier or account identifier, that may identify the specific user. Any information collected or reported about the user which may be personal or may breach the user&#39;s privacy may be generalized or anonymized. For example, such data can be stored or reported without any information that may specifically identify the user, and the user can otherwise be anonymously identified using an anonymous or random identifier that may not reveal any specific details about the user. 
     Therefore, although the present disclosure may cover use of personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments can also be implemented without the need for accessing and/or reporting such personal information data and/or with protections to maintain the user&#39;s privacy. The various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data. For example, content can be selected and delivered to users by inferring preferences based on non-personal information data or a bare minimum amount of personal information, such as the content being requested by the device associated with a user, other non-personal information available to the content delivery services, or publically available information. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to describe the manner in which the above-recited and other advantages and features of the disclosure can be obtained, a more particular description of the principles briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting of its scope, the principles herein are described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  illustrate example system embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an example network infrastructure  200  according to some embodiments; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an example system for device-based information management in an ecosystem having system partners and according to some example embodiments; 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates an example request having multiple identifiers in accordance with an example embodiment; 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates a diagram of an example system for maintaining user anonymity in content statistics; and 
         FIG. 5  illustrates example method embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     Various embodiments of the disclosure are discussed in detail below. While specific implementations are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art will recognize that other components and configurations may be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. 
     Disclosed are systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable storage media for maintaining user anonymity in content statistics. A description of example systems and configurations for content delivery, consumption, and statistics, as shown in  FIGS. 1-3 , is first disclosed herein. A detailed description of maintaining user anonymity in content statistics, including examples and variations, will then follow. These variations shall be described herein as the various embodiments are set forth. 
     Although the various embodiments will be described with respect to the general concept of withholding actual identifier values from remote parties and devices and separating content information and statistics from actual identifiers or personal and/or identifying information, the present disclosure contemplates that such withholding and separation of content information is not necessarily absolute. For example, an actual identifier value of a client device may be withheld for certain parties or devices, but may still be shared with other parties or devices. Indeed, in some cases, personal information can be shared or used without restriction or withholding or with limited restriction or withholding. Moreover, the use of identifier values and/or personal information in accordance with the various embodiments of the present technology can be specified a priori or by the user at the client device. The disclosure now turns to  FIGS. 1A and 1B . 
     Various embodiments of the present technology can be carried out using one or more computing devices.  FIGS. 1A and 1B  illustrate example system embodiments. The more appropriate embodiment will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art when practicing the present technology. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will also readily appreciate that other system embodiments are possible. 
       FIG. 1A  illustrates a conventional system bus computing system architecture  100  wherein the components of the system are in electrical communication with each other using a bus  105 . Exemplary system  100  includes a processing unit (CPU or processor)  110  and a system bus  105  that couples various system components including the system memory  115 , such as read only memory (ROM)  120  and random access memory (RAM)  125 , to the processor  110 . The system  100  can include a cache of high-speed memory connected directly with, in close proximity to, or integrated as part of the processor  110 . The system  100  can copy data from the memory  115  and/or the storage device  130  to the cache  112  for quick access by the processor  110 . In this way, the cache can provide a performance boost that avoids processor  110  delays while waiting for data. These and other modules can control or be configured to control the processor  110  to perform various actions. Other system memory  115  may be available for use as well. The memory  115  can include multiple different types of memory with different performance characteristics. The processor  110  can include any general purpose processor and a hardware module or software module, such as module  1   132 , module  2   134 , and module  3   131  stored in storage device  130 , configured to control the processor  110  as well as a special-purpose processor where software instructions are incorporated into the actual processor design. The processor  110  may essentially be a completely self-contained computing system, containing multiple cores or processors, a bus, memory controller, cache, etc. A multi-core processor may be symmetric or asymmetric. 
     To enable user interaction with the computing device  100 , an input device  145  can represent any number of input mechanisms, such as a microphone for speech, a touch-sensitive screen for gesture or graphical input, keyboard, mouse, motion input, speech and so forth. An output device  135  can also be one or more of a number of output mechanisms known to those of skill in the art. In some instances, multimodal systems can enable a user to provide multiple types of input to communicate with the computing device  100 . The communications interface  140  can generally govern and manage the user input and system output. There is no restriction on operating on any particular hardware arrangement and therefore the basic features here may easily be substituted for improved hardware or firmware arrangements as they are developed. 
     Storage device  130  is a non-volatile memory and can be a hard disk or other types of computer readable media which can store data that are accessible by a computer, such as magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, solid state memory devices, digital versatile disks, cartridges, random access memories (RAMs)  125 , read only memory (ROM)  120 , and hybrids thereof. 
     The storage device  130  can include software modules  132 ,  134 ,  131  for controlling the processor  110 . Other hardware or software modules are contemplated. The storage device  130  can be connected to the system bus  105 . In one aspect, a hardware module that performs a particular function can include the software component stored in a computer-readable medium in connection with the necessary hardware components, such as the processor  110 , bus  105 , display  135 , and so forth, to carry out the function. 
       FIG. 1B  illustrates a computer system  150  having a chipset architecture that can be used in executing the described method and generating and displaying a graphical user interface (GUI). Computer system  150  is an example of computer hardware, software, and firmware that can be used to implement the disclosed technology. System  150  can include a processor  155 , representative of any number of physically and/or logically distinct resources capable of executing software, firmware, and hardware configured to perform identified computations. Processor  155  can communicate with a chipset  110  that can control input to and output from processor  155 . In this example, chipset  110  outputs information to output  1105 , such as a display, and can read and write information to storage device  170 , which can include magnetic media, and solid state media, for example. Chipset  110  can also read data from and write data to RAM  175 . A bridge  180  for interfacing with a variety of user interface components  185  can be provided for interfacing with chipset  110 . Such user interface components  185  can include a keyboard, a microphone, touch detection and processing circuitry, a pointing device, such as a mouse, and so on. In general, inputs to system  150  can come from any of a variety of sources, machine generated and/or human generated. 
     Chipset  110  can also interface with one or more communication interfaces  190  that can have different physical interfaces. Such communication interfaces can include interfaces for wired and wireless local area networks, for broadband wireless networks, as well as personal area networks. Some applications of the methods for generating, displaying, and using the GUI disclosed herein can include receiving ordered datasets over the physical interface or be generated by the machine itself by processor  155  analyzing data stored in storage  170  or  175 . Further, the machine can receive inputs from a user via user interface components  185  and execute appropriate functions, such as browsing functions by interpreting these inputs using processor  155 . 
     It can be appreciated that exemplary systems  100  and  150  can have more than one processor  110  or be part of a group or cluster of computing devices networked together to provide greater processing capability. 
     The present technology can be carried out in a network-based ecosystem in which computing devices can communicate with each other via one or more networks. Such computing devices can include, but are not limited to, personal computers, smartphone devices, tablet computers, server computers, network storage devices, network routing devices, set-top boxes, smartwatches, smart televisions, or any other type of network-connectable computing or smart device. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an example network infrastructure  200  according to some embodiments. The network infrastructure  200  can include client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn operatively coupled with a media distribution system  210 , an application distribution system  220 , or both via one or more networks  299 . The client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . Cn can include personal computer devices, smartphone devices, tablet devices, set-top box devices, smart television devices, netbook devices, smart watches, or any other types of computing or smart user devices. The one or more networks  299  can include a public network, such as the Internet, a private network, such as a local area network (LAN), or both. 
     The media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can maintain user accounts for storing profile information, contact information, billing information, media items, taste or interest data, usage or content statistics, user preferences, past user behavior or statistics, location information, purchase statistics, demographics data, and/or any other user or targeting data. In some embodiments, the media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220  can allow users to create or modify their user accounts. Moreover, the user accounts can be unique user accounts created for respective users within the media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220 . In some embodiments, the media distribution system  210  can be an online store for selling or otherwise providing media content or items, such as iTunes available from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Similarly, in some embodiments, the application distribution system  220  can be an online store for selling or otherwise providing software applications and items, such as the App Store available from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     The media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220  can be also operatively coupled with third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn. The third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn can provide media content and software applications and services in addition to, or in connection with, the services provided by the media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220 . 
     In some cases, the media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can also maintain content consumption or delivery statistics, such as content consumed by, or delivered to, the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn. Such content can include, for example, media content, application content, web content, user content, device content, invitational content, etc. For example, the media distribution system  210  and application distribution system  220  can maintain a history of invitational content delivered to, or presented by the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn and/or content presented to, or accessed by, users at the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn. For example, the media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220  can store data indicating that the user at client device C 1  viewed article X and web page Y, and received or viewed invitational content Z. 
     As further described below with respect to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the media distribution system  210  and application distribution system  220  can maintain separate locations or logs for dividing different types of content. For example, any actual user identifiers such as user account identifiers, can be stored in a user account log or location that is maintained separate from other content and statistics data and withheld from other parties or devices. Moreover, invitational content received by, or presented at, the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn can be stored in a separate invitational content log or location which can maintain invitational content statistics. The information in the invitational content log or location can be associated with an anonymous identifier which is different than an actual identifier (e.g., user account identifier) and represents or identifies such invitational content and/or invitational content statistics. In some cases, the anonymous identifier can be generated and/or modified by the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn. Further, other content consumed by the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn, such as application content, web content, user content, device content, etc., can also be stored in yet another, separate content log or location which can maintain content consumption statistics. The information from the content log or location can be associated with another anonymous identifier which is different than the actual identifier (e.g., user account identifier) and the anonymous identifier associated with the invitational content log or location. This other anonymous identifier can represent or identify the content and/or content statistics associated with the content log or location. Also, in some cases, this anonymous identifier can be generated or modified by the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn. 
     To illustrate, in one example, the media distribution system  210  and/or the application distribution system  220  can maintain a user account identifier, which can be a unique identifier that represents a user and is stored along with personal and other user information in a user log, such as demographics data, behavioral data, location data, device statistics, preferences, a profile, purchase information, etc. The media distribution system  210  and/or the application distribution system  220  can separately maintain an invitational content log with invitational content statistics, such as which invitational content items have been delivered to a user, along with an invitational content identifier which identifies the invitational content and/or invitational content statistics. The media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220  can separately maintain a content log content statistics, such as which content items have been accessed or viewed by a user, along with a content identifier which identifies the content and/or content statistics. The user account identifier and other associated information can be maintain separate from the invitational content log and the content log so that the information in the invitational content log and the content log cannot be correlated with the specific user associated with the user account identifier. 
     The media distribution system  210  and/or the application distribution system  220  can also report statistics to one or more of the third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn. For example, the media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can report invitational content statistics from the invitational content log. The media distribution system  210  and/or the application distribution system  220  can also include additional information associated with the user account identifier, such as demographics data, along with the reported invitational content statistics, while withholding the user account identifier and/or any other personal data which can specifically identify the user. The media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can use the anonymous, invitational content identifier to report the invitational content statistics and any other associated information, without including the user account identifier or any personal, identifying information that can correlate the invitational content statistics to a specific user. 
     The media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can also report content statistics from the content log. The media distribution system  210  and/or the application distribution system  220  can also include additional information associated with the user account identifier, such as demographics data, along with the reported content statistics, while withholding the user account identifier and/or any other personal data which can specifically identify the user. The media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can use the anonymous, content identifier to report the content statistics without including the user account identifier or any personal, identifying information that can correlate the content statistics to a specific user. 
     Such information and statistics can be reported to the third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn, invitational content server  250 , or any other separate or remote entity, party, or device. Moreover, the information or statistics reported can be transmitted without the user account identifier or other personal data which can be used to identify specific users. Thus, the receiving parties can receive the information indicating what invitational content has been delivered to users and what content has been consumed by users without specifically identifying users or correlating any of the statistics to specific users. 
     The receiving parties (e.g., third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn, invitational content server  250 , etc.) can use the various statistics received from the media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  to analyze invitational content delivery and content consumption statistics, optimize campaigns, maintain records, determine campaign effectiveness, and/or make any other considerations such as budgeting, targeting, cost, or content analysis. 
     In some cases, the media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220  can report different information or statistics to different third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn. The third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn can represent different types of entities or parties, such as media, application, messaging, and digital content providers, and the content or statistics reported to each of the third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn can vary based on the specific third party partner identity or any pertinent agreement and/or requirements. 
     In addition, the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn can be operatively coupled with an invitational content server  250 . The invitational content server  250  can be configured to target, package, and deliver invitational content to users. The invitational content server  250  can target invitational content to users based on several types of information. Such information can include, but is not limited to, behavioral information, geographic information, preferences, context information, and demographic information relating to the users associated with the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . , Cn, and so forth. 
     As described herein, one aspect of the present technology is to address improper gathering and use of data available from various sources. The present disclosure contemplates that, in some instances, this gathered data might include personal information data that uniquely identifies or can be used to contact or locate a specific person. Such personal information data can include demographic data, location-based data, telephone numbers, email addresses, twitter ID&#39;s, home addresses, or any other identifying information. In some cases, such information may be used to improve the delivery of invitational content including, promotions, advertisements, or any other content that may be of interest to users. However, the present disclosure contemplates that in some circumstances, such information may be used for more nefarious purposes, such as theft of identity or illicit tracking of particular individual&#39;s activities, location, or the like. 
     Of particular concern are non-trusted content providers, such as some of third party partners T 1 , T 2 , . . . , Tn or invitational content server  250  with which the user may not have a trusted relationship. In the case of trusted providers, such as media distribution system  210  and the application distribution system  220 , gathering of such information may be less of a concern, as such providers typically have established procedures for preventing the abusive use of such personal information, as discussed below. Further, the sharing of such information with such providers may be necessary for the proper operation of the client devices C 1 , C 2 , . . . Cn. 
     The present disclosure recognizes that the use of such personal information data in the present technology can be used to the benefit of users. For example, the personal information data can be used to better understand user behavior, facilitate and measure the effectiveness of applications and delivered digital content. Accordingly, use of such personal information data enables calculated control of the delivered content. For example, the system can reduce the number of times a user receives a given ad or other content and can thereby select and deliver content that is more meaningful to users. Such changes in system behavior improve the user experience. Further, other uses for personal information data that benefit the user are also contemplated by the present disclosure. 
     The present disclosure further contemplates that the entities responsible for the collection, analysis, disclosure, transfer, storage, or other use of such personal information data should implement and consistently use privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining personal information data private and secure. For example, personal information from users should be collected for legitimate and reasonable uses of the entity and not shared or sold outside of those legitimate uses. Further, such collection should occur only after the informed consent of the users. Additionally, such entities would take any needed steps for safeguarding and securing access to such personal information data and ensuring that others with access to the personal information data adhere to their privacy and security policies and procedures. Further, such entities can subject themselves to evaluation by third parties to certify their adherence to widely accepted privacy policies and practices. 
     Despite the foregoing, the present disclosure also contemplates embodiments in which users selectively block the use of, or access to, personal information data. That is, the present disclosure contemplates that hardware and/or software elements can be provided to prevent or block access to such personal information data. For example, in the case of invitational content delivery services, the present technology can be configured to allow users to select to “opt in” or “opt out” of participation in the collection of personal information data during registration for services. In another example, users can select not to provide location information for invitational content delivery services. In yet another example, users can configure their devices or user terminals to prevent storage or use of cookies and other mechanisms from which personal information data can be discerned. The present disclosure also contemplates that other methods or technologies may exist for blocking access to their personal information data. 
     Moreover, the present disclosure includes mechanisms which can be implemented to protect the privacy of users and anonymize data collected. For example, data collected about a user can be maintained separately from any information, such as a user identifier or account identifier, that may identify the specific user. Any information collected or reported about the user which may be personal or may breach the user&#39;s privacy may be generalized or anonymized. For example, such data can be stored or reported without any information that may specifically identify the user, and the user can otherwise be anonymously identified using an anonymous or random identifier that may not reveal any specific details about the user. 
     Therefore, although the present disclosure may cover use of personal information data to implement one or more various disclosed embodiments, the present disclosure also contemplates that the various embodiments can also be implemented without the need for accessing and/or reporting such personal information data and/or with protections to maintain the user&#39;s privacy. The various embodiments of the present technology are not rendered inoperable due to the lack of all or a portion of such personal information data. For example, content can be selected and delivered to users by inferring preferences based on non-personal information data or a bare minimum amount of personal information, such as the content being requested by the device associated with a user, other non-personal information available to the content delivery services, or publically available information. 
     As explained above, in some online ecosystems, a system operator could conceivably piece together the small amounts of personal data dispersed throughout a system to compile a relatively complete picture of who the user might be. Accordingly, some embodiments of the present technology involve managing the information shared with system partners by managing the use of unique identifier values to prevent system partners from collecting and piecing information to identify the user of a device or even to make an educated guess about the identity of the user. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates an example system  399  for device-based information management in an ecosystem having system partners  375  and  376  according to some embodiments of the present technology. As previously described with respect to  FIG. 2 , a client device  390  can be operatively coupled, through one or more networks, to the system partners  375  and  376 . System partners  375  and  376  can include a number of different entities including online service providers, software applications, preinstalled device programs, media content distribution servers, application distribution servers, data monitoring agents, and other digital content providers or distributors. 
     The client device  390  can include a client device application  380 , an identifier value creation and management module  385 , and a request assembly module  365 . The identifier value creation and management module  385  can be configured for generating unique identifier values for the client device  390  and managing interactions with the system partners  375  and  376 . Additionally, the identifier value creation and management module  385  can be configured for monitoring requests for obtaining such unique identifier values. In some cases, the identifier creation and management module  385  can be configured to generate one or more anonymous and/or random identifiers which can be included within a request and/or reported to different parties (e.g., system partners) for identifying different types of data. 
     The request assembly module  365  can be configured to retrieve an appropriate identifier value from the identifier value creation and management module  385  to generate a request. In some cases, the request can be generated in response to a content request from client device application  380  for content from any of system partners  375  and  376 . Moreover, in some cases, the request assembly module  365  can cause the request for content, including any generated identifier values, to be delivered to the appropriate system partner. In some embodiments, the request can include a user account identifier which identifies the user, client device  390 , or an associated user account, as well as one or more additional identifiers. The one or more additional identifiers can be random or anonymous identifiers generated by the identifier value creation and management module  385 . In some cases, the request can include a content identifier, which can be a random or anonymous identifier for identifying content accessed by, or presented at, client device  390 , and/or an invitational content identifier, which can be a random or anonymous identifier for identifying invitational content received, accessed, or presented by client device  390 . 
     As noted above, client device  390  can interact with system partners that are trusted ( 376 ) or non-trusted ( 375 ). Thus, the request assembly module  365  of client device  390  can be configured to define a trusted zone  370  indicating which identifier values to utilize with each of system partners  375  and  376 . The determination of which a specific partner falls within trusted zone  370  (system partners  376 ) or outside trusted zone  370  (system partners  375 ) can be made by a user at the client device  390  on-demand or can be defined a priori at the client device  390 . In such arrangements, a variable, on-demand, anonymous identifier value may be used for system partners  375  and the pre-defined identifier value associated with the client device  390  may be used for system partners  376 . Alternatively, anonymous identifier values can be provided for at least some of the trusted system partners. In such cases, different controls can be provided at the client device  390  to separately adjust these anonymous identifier values. In configurations where the user at the client device  390  specifies that identifier values be adjusted periodically, the frequency of adjustments can be based on whether or not a system partner falls within the trusted zone. Additionally, the client device  390  can be configured for categorizing a system partner as trusted or non-trusted on demand. In such a configuration, the request assembly module  365  can be configured to monitor such a categorization and enforce the use of appropriate identifier values when requests for content are being forwarded to system partners. 
     The client device  390  can send different identifiers to system partners  375  and/or  376 . In some cases, each of the different identifiers can be intended for use or receipt by a specific system partner. Moreover, in some cases, each of the different identifiers can be intended for use to identify different information or categories of information. For example, one identifier may be issued for identifying an interaction with, or presentation of, client device application  380 , and another identifier may be issued for identifying an interaction with, or presentation of, invitational content. In some cases, a separate, protected identifier can be used to identify a user account and/or any personal user information. This protected identifier can be kept separate from the other identifiers and any information maintained and associated with the other identifiers. In some cases, the protected identifier can be withheld from one or more system partners  375  and/or  376 . 
     In some embodiments, the protected identifier can be maintained by a particular entity with permission to access the protected identifier, such as invitational content server  250 , media distribution system  210  and/or application distribution system  220 . Moreover, the anonymous identifiers generated by the client device  390  can be used to identify different content and/or interactions at the client device  390  without identifying the specific user. Thus, such information can be maintained and/or reported separately from the protected identifier to protect the privacy of the user. 
     In some embodiments, the request assembly module  365  (or at least similar request assembly logic) can be incorporated into a client device application  380 . Moreover, in various types of applications, the time when identifier values and other information regarding the client device are generated or transmitted can vary. For example, some applications may have request assembly logic that is configured to retrieve any necessary identifier values any time a request for content is being assembled. In this case, the application will always have access to the newest identifier value available. Other applications may have request assembly logic that is configured to retrieve any necessary identifier values on a periodic or scheduled basis. In this case, the identifier value may be stale for a short while. Still other applications may have request assembly logic that is configured to retrieve any necessary identifier values upon startup of the application and this identifier value persists until the application is shut down and restarted. Thus, the stale identifier value would remain in use until the application is restarted. One method of handling stale identifier values is for the user to manually shut down applications either before or after the identifier value is altered. Thus, when the application is restarted, the current identifier value is utilized. However, the present disclosure also contemplates that the identifier value creation and management module  385  could include logic to automate this process. For example, upon obtaining a new identifier value, the identifier value creation and management module  385  could be configured to shut down and restart any currently running applications. 
     In some cases, an actual identifier value of client device  390  may be withheld from system partners  375  outside the trusted zone  370 , and/or any of the system partners  376  within the trusted zone  370 . However, the various embodiments are not limited in this regard. As noted above, it may not be necessary to withhold the identifier value for certain types of operations or categories of content. Thus, even system partners  375  outside the trusted zone  370  can receive an actual identifier value of the client device  390  under particular circumstances. In particular, certain types of operations or tasks may require an actual identifier value in order for such an operation to be performed, such as debugging, identity verification, sales of protected content, and other operations that require authentication of the client device or a consistent management of actions at the client device. Moreover, as previously explained, additional identifiers, which can be random or anonymous, can be shared with one or more of the system partners  375  and  376  for identifying or representing specific interactions at client device  390  or categories of content received and/or accessed by the client device  390 . 
       FIG. 4A  illustrates an example request  400  having multiple identifiers in accordance with an example embodiment. The request  400  can be transmitted by client device C 1  to invitational content server  250  to request content, such as invitational content and/or media content, from invitational content server  250 . The request  400  can include identifiers  402 - 406  which can be used by invitational content server  250  to identify content and/or map a user or device to specific content. The identifiers  402 - 406  can include an account identifier  402  and anonymous identifiers  404 - 406 . The account identifier  402  can be, for example, a user identifier, a device identifier, or a user account identifier. The account identifier  402  can be used to map a user to a user account and any related information, such as a user profile, user transactions, purchase history, user preferences, demographics, location information, personal data, etc. 
     The first anonymous identifier  404  can be used to map the same user to other content or a content store, such as a log of user information. The content mapped to the first anonymous identifier  404  can be maintained separately from the account identifier  402  and/or any personal data associated with the account identifier  402 . For example, the first anonymous identifier  404  can be mapped to a content log associated with a user mapped to the account identifier  402 . However, the content log can be maintained separately from the account identifier  402  and/or the content store or log associated with the account identifier  402 . In some cases, the content log may not include any information linking the content log to the account identifier  402  that would allow the identity of the user associated with the account identifier  402  to be ascertained from the content log. In some embodiments, the first anonymous identifier  404  can be a content identifier which represents content presented by, and/or content interactions occurring at, the client device C 1 . 
     The second anonymous identifier  406  can be used to map the user associated with the account identifier  402  to invitational content or an invitational content store, such as a log of invitational content and/or invitational content interactions associated with the client device C 1 . The invitational content mapped to the second anonymous identifier  406  can be maintained separately from the account identifier  402  and/or any personal data associated with the account identifier  402 . For example, the second anonymous identifier  406  can be mapped to an invitational content log associated with a user mapped to the account identifier  402 . However, the invitational content log can be maintained separately from the account identifier  402  and/or the content store or log associated with the account identifier  402 . In some cases, the invitational content log may not include any information linking the invitational content log to the account identifier  402  that may allow the identity of the user associated with the account identifier  402  to be ascertained from the invitational content log. In some embodiments, the second anonymous identifier  406  can be an invitational content identifier which represents invitational content presented by, and/or invitational content interactions occurring at, the client device C 1 . 
     The first anonymous identifier  404  and second anonymous identifier  406  in the request  400  can provide multiple contexts for the account identifier  402 . In other words, the first anonymous identifier  404  and second anonymous identifier  406  can represent multiple sets, categories, or collections of data which are associated with the account identifier  402  but anonymized so the account identifier  402  cannot be correlated or mapped to the first anonymous identifier  404 , second anonymous identifier  406 , or any of their associated data. However, in some embodiments, the request  400  can include more or less contexts. For example, the request  400  can include a device context for anonymously representing device information, a location context for anonymously representing location information, etc. Moreover, while the first anonymous identifier  404  and second anonymous identifier  406  can be anonymously related to, or associated with, the account identifier  402 , in some embodiments, other anonymous identifiers can be included in the request  400  for representing one or more contexts or subsets of data anonymously related to, or associated with, a different type of identifier, such as a device identifier which identifies the client device C 1  or another account identifier which identifies a different user account. 
     While the request  400  is shown in  FIG. 4  as including two anonymous identifiers, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that more or less anonymous identifiers may be included in the request  400  in other embodiments. Indeed, the anonymous identifiers in  FIG. 4  are provided as a non-limiting example for explanation purposes. Moreover, while the request  400  is shown in  FIG. 4  as being transmitted to the invitational content server  250 , one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the request  400  can be transmitted to other servers or devices, such as third party providers or application distribution systems, in addition to or in lieu of the invitational content server  250 . 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates a diagram of an example system  426  for maintaining user anonymity in content statistics. Client device C 1  can store identifier values  402 - 406 . As previously explained, client device C 1  can generate any of the identifier values  402 - 406  and/or receive one or more of the identifier values  402 - 406  from a user or device, such as a server. For example, in some cases, the client device C 1  can create identifier values  404 - 406  by generating random and/or anonymous values (e.g., via identifier creation and management module  385 ), and generate identifier value  402  by creating an account with a server, such as media distribution system  210  or application distribution system  220 . 
     The client device C 1  can use the identifier values  402 - 406  to generate request  400  (e.g., via request assembly module  365 ). The client device C 1  can then send the request  400  to the server  250 . The server  250  can extract the identifier values  402 - 406  and store the identifier values  402 - 406  at locations  408 - 412 . One or more of the locations  408 - 412  can be a storage location on the server  250 . In some cases, one or more of the locations  408 - 412  can be on a separate or remote device, such as a remote storage device. Moreover, the locations  408 - 412  can be separate storage devices or containers, separate files, separate databases, separate logs, separate logical volumes, separate file systems, or any other separate physical or logical container. 
     The server  250  can store each identifier at a separate location from the locations  408 - 412 . For example, the server  250  can store the user account identifier  402  at location  408 , the first anonymous identifier at location  410 , and the second anonymous identifier at location  412 . 
     The server  250  can maintain content data  414 - 418  at the locations  408 - 412 . The content data  414 - 418  at each of the locations  408 - 412  can include a respective identifier from the identifiers  402 - 406 . For example, the content data  414  at location  408  can include the account identifier  402 , the content data  416  at location  410  can include the first anonymous identifier  404 , and the content data  418  at location  412  can include the second anonymous identifier  406 . Further, the content data  414 - 418  stored at each of the locations  408 - 412  can include additional data  420 - 424 , which can vary by type, category, amount, and so forth. In some cases, the data  420 - 424  in the content data  414 - 418  at each of the locations  408 - 412  can depend and/or relate to the specific identifier at the location. For example, the data  420  at location  408  can be associated with account identifier  402  and can include additional user information associated with the account identifier  402  and may include personal data. Data  422  at location  410  can be associated with the first anonymous identifier  404  and can include additional information associated with the identifier  404 . Moreover, data  424  at location  412  can be associated with the second anonymous identifier  406  and can include additional information associated with the identifier  406 . 
     The data  422  and  424  may include some of the data  420  or data inferred from the data  420 . However, the account identifier  402  and any personal data that specifically identifies the user can be withheld from the data  422  and  424 . For example, the data  422  can include content data, such as content items consumed at the client device C 1  (e.g., application content, web content, user content, etc.) and/or content interactions at the client device C 1 . The data  422  can also include other data about the user that does not specifically identify the user, such as demographics data, purchase history information, location data, one or more time stamps, etc. The data  422  and anonymous identifier  404  in the content data  416  together can be used to determine that an unknown user with specific characteristics identified in the data  422  has consumed specific content or engaged in specific content interactions identified in the data  422 , without specifically revealing the account identifier  402  or the user&#39;s identity. For example, the data  422  and anonymous identifier  404  can together be used to determine that unknown user A who is a male between the ages of 20 and 25 has viewed article X from application Y at the client device C 1 . This information can then be maintained and/or reported for statistics, analytics, content optimization, content targeting, content performance evaluation, etc. 
     The data  424  in the content data  418  can include additional data associated with second anonymous identifier  406 . For example, the data  424  can include invitational content data, such as invitational content items consumed or presented at the client device C 1  and/or invitational content interactions at the client device C 1 . The data  424  can also include other data about the user that does not specifically identify the user, such as demographics data, purchase history information, location data, one or more timestamps, targeting data, invitational content activity and history, etc. The data  424  and anonymous identifier  406  in the content data  418  together can be used to determine that an unknown user with specific characteristics identified in the data  424  has consumed specific invitational content or engaged in specific invitational content interactions identified in the data  424 , without specifically revealing the account identifier  402  or the user&#39;s identity. For example, the data  424  and anonymous identifier  406  can together be used to determine that unknown user A who is a male between the ages of 20 and 25 has viewed article X from application Y at the client device C 1 . This information can then be maintained and/or reported for statistics, analytics, campaign optimization, invitational content targeting, invitational content performance evaluation, managing invitational content and/or invitational content campaigns, etc. 
     In some embodiments, the server  250  can also use the content data  416  and/or  418  to target content or invitational content to the user associated with the account identifier  402 . Moreover, in some embodiments, the server  250  can maintain timestamps in the content data  414 ,  416  and/or  418  describing specific events, such as a content presentation or interaction. For example, the server  250  can include timestamps in the locations  408 ,  410 , and/or  412  which can correspond to one or more events or interactions recorded within the content data  414 ,  416 , and/or  418 . In some cases, one or more timestamps can be degraded. For example, in some embodiments, timestamps in the location  408  relating to, or associated with, the account identifier  402  can be maintained according to the actual timestamps recorded, while the timestamps in location  408  relating to, or associated with, anonymous identifiers  404 - 406  can be degraded to provide a coarse-grained resolution of the timing information. The timestamps can be degraded by filtering or masking time information in the timestamps. For example, a timestamp can be degraded to include a day or week of an event without the actual time of day (e.g., 5-5-15 as opposed to 5-5-15/2:05 A.M.). In some embodiments, the server  250  can maintain timestamps in location  408  for events associated with account identifier  402 , but may not maintain timestamps in locations  410  or  412  for events associated with anonymous identifiers  404  and/or  406 . 
     In some embodiments, the server  250  can send the data  416  and  418  to one or more partners  375  and  376 . The server  250  can send all or specific portions of the data  416  and  418  to the partners  375  and  376 . However, the server  250  can withhold the account identifier  402  and any personal data in content data  414  that would enable partners  375  and  376  to identify the specific user associated with the account identifier  402 . In some embodiments, the server  250  can send any portions of the content data  416  to system partner  375  without including any data from locations  408  or  412  (i.e., content data  414  and  418 ) that is not also contained in the data content  416 . Similarly, the server  250  can send any portions of the content data  418  to system partner  376  without including any data from locations  408  or  410  (i.e., content data  414  and  416 ) that is not also contained in the data content  418 . In other embodiments, the server  250  can send any portions of the data from the content data  416  and  418  to the same system partner, such as system partner  375  or  376 . 
     The system partners  375  and  376  can receive the content data  416  and  418  and collect data and statistics associated with the unknown user represented by anonymous identifiers  404  and  406 . The system partners  375  and  376  may not receive the account identifier  402  or private, personal data from location  408  that could reveal the actual identity of the specific user associated with the account identifier  402 , and thus may not be able to identify the specific user associated with the anonymous identifiers  404  and  406  and the content data  416  and  418 . The system partners  375  and  376  can use the collected data, including the content data  416  and  418 , to target content and invitational content to the unknown user, perform analytics and collect statistics, adjust content and invitational content campaigns, compute and/or report metrics, etc. By maintaining the account identifier  402  and personal data from location  408  separate from the content data  416  and  418  transmitted to the system partners  375  and  376 , the server  250  can report data and statistics about users without revealing the users&#39; identities, and the system partners  375  and  376  can obtain useful user data and statistics, without personal or private data about the user, to perform calculations, analytics, and examinations for specific interactions and unknown users having specific characteristics. 
     In some embodiments, the server  250  and/or client device C 1  can also communicate with servers  210  and/or  220 . For example, in some embodiments, the client device C 1  can communicate with the media distribution system  210  to authenticate a personal user account. The media distribution system  210  can thus maintain a personal user account associated with the client device C 1 . The personal user account can include a personal user account identifier, maintained at the media distribution system  210 , which can be used by the client device C 1  and media distribution system  210  to identify and authenticate a specific user. Accordingly, the personal user identifier maintained by the media distribution system  210  may specifically identify the user associated with the client device C 1 . Moreover, the personal user account identifier may also be associated with user information for the user associated with the client device C 1 , such as payment information, purchase history information, and other user data. 
     The personal user account maintained by the media distribution system  210  can be associated with the account identifier  402  received by the server  250  in the request  400  in the sense that the personal user account and the account identifier  402  both correspond to the same user. Thus, the account identifier  402  can anonymously represent the personal user account identifier at the media distribution system  210 . Moreover, since the personal user account maintained by the media distribution system  210  may be associated with private or personal user information, the media distribution system  210  can withhold the personal user account identifier and any private or personal user data from the server  250  and/or any other servers. However, in some embodiments, the server  250  can communicate with the media distribution system  210  to obtain non-private or non-personal data for account identifier  402  from the media distribution system  210 . Such data can include non-private or non-personal data (i.e., data which cannot reveal the actual identity of the specific user associated with the personal user account) associated with the personal user account at the media distribution system  210  which the server  250  can store at location  408  (e.g., as part of data  420 ) and associate with the account identifier  402 . This way, the server  250  can obtain relevant and useful information for the account identifier  402 , without receiving any private or personal data of the user associated with the account identifier  402 . In other words, the server  250  can obtain information about the user associated with account identifier  402 , based on data received from the media distribution system  210  and corresponding to the personal user account, while masking the user&#39;s true identity. 
     For example, since the media distribution system  210  may store data associated with the personal user account identifier, which therefore also corresponds to the account identifier  402 , the server  250  can communicate with the media distribution system  210  to obtain data, such as demographics or purchase history details, for account identifier  402  from the media distribution system  210 . However, to protect the personal user account identifier, and some of the associated data, the media distribution system  210  can ensure that the data transmitted to the server  250  does not include the personal user account identifier and/or any private data that may identify the specific user associated with the personal user account identifier (as well as the account identifier  402 ). This way, the media distribution system  210  can safeguard the personal user account identifier and any private/personal data associated with the personal user account identifier from the server  250 , while at the same time allowing the server  250  to obtain some useful data, such as demographics, about the account identifier  402 . 
     As previously explained, the server  250  can then use the anonymous identifiers  404  and  406  to provide data associated with the account identifier  402  to system partners  375  and  376 , as well as any other party or server, without revealing the account identifier  402  or any other data that may specifically identify the user associated with the account identifier  402  and personal user account maintained by the media distribution system  210 . Moreover, since the server  250  may not receive the personal user account identifier from the media distribution system  210 , the server  250  may not know the real identity of the user associated with the account identifier  402 . Consequently, the server  250  may not reveal the personal user account identifier to other parties or servers (e.g., system partners  375  and  376 ) or any other data that may specifically identify the user associated with the account identifier  402  and personal user account maintained by the media distribution system  210 . Accordingly, the server  250  and system partners  210  and  220  can collect user information to generate metrics or statistics, target content to the user, and/or modify content and/or content campaigns, for example, without maintaining or even known the real identity of the user associated with the account identifier  402  and personal user account identifier. 
     Having disclosed some basic system components and concepts, the disclosure now turns to the example method embodiment shown in  FIG. 5 . For the sake of clarity, the method is described in terms of invitational content server  250 , as shown in  FIG. 2 , configured to practice the method. The steps outlined herein are exemplary and can be implemented in any combination thereof, including combinations that exclude, add, or modify certain steps. 
     At step  500 , the invitational content server  250  can first receive a media content request from a client device (e.g., client device C 1 ), the media content request including a user account identifier (e.g., account identifier  402 ) and at least one anonymous identifier (e.g., anonymous identifiers  404  and/or  406 ). The at least one anonymous identifier can be, for example, a random identifier or a user selected identifier which anonymously represents or identifies the client device and/or the user associated with the client device. In some cases, the at least one anonymous identifier can be generated by the client device, created by a user, randomly selected by a user or device from a list of identifiers, and/or generated by a server. 
     Moreover, the at least one anonymous identifier can include multiple anonymous identifiers that are different from the user account identifier. For example, in some cases, the at least one anonymous identifier can include a first anonymous identifier and a second anonymous identifier. The first and second anonymous identifiers can be different and separate from the user account identifier. The first and second anonymous identifiers can also be different and separate from a device identifier associated with the client device. In some cases, the first anonymous identifier can be a content identifier, which can identify content presented at the client device and/or content interactions at the client device, such as application content and/or application content interactions, Internet content (e.g., a web page) and/or interactions, user content, and so forth. The first anonymous identifier can anonymously associate the user and/or client device to the content and/or content interactions. Thus, the first anonymous identifier can reveal that a user represented by the first anonymous identifier, whose true identity is not provided by the first anonymous identifier, is associated with one or more content interactions that occurred at the client device and/or one or more specific content items that were presented at the client device. In other words, the first anonymous identifier can indicate that some unknown user consumed content XYZ at the client device. 
     On the other hand, the second anonymous identifier can be an invitational content identifier, which can identify invitational content delivered to or presented by, and/or invitational content interactions at, the client device. The second anonymous identifier can anonymously associate the user and/or client device to the invitational content and/or invitational content interactions. Thus, the second anonymous identifier can reveal that a user represented by the second anonymous identifier, whose true identity is not provided by the second anonymous identifier, is associated with one or more invitational content interactions that occurred at the client device and/or one or more specific invitational content items that were presented at the client device. In other words, the second anonymous identifier can indicate that some unknown user consumed invitational content XYZ at the client device. 
     As indicated above, the at least one anonymous identifier can associate a user with specific content and/or content interactions. Moreover, the anonymous identifier does not reveal the specific identity of the user. Thus, the anonymous identifier can reveal that some unknown user whose true identity is not revealed by the anonymous identifier consumed and/or interacted with certain content items. 
     At step  502 , the invitational content server  250  can store the user account identifier and the at least one anonymous identifier in separate locations and without attributing the at least one anonymous identifier to a user account associated with the user account identifier. For example, since the user account identifier may reveal or identify the true identity of the user, the invitational content server  250  can maintain the user account identifier separately from the anonymous identifier, and without any associations between the user account identifier and the anonymous identifier to prevent the anonymous identifier from being correlated to the user account, and thus protect the user&#39;s true identity. This way, neither the user account identifier nor the anonymous identifier can be used to map or associate the content and/or content interactions represented by the anonymous identifier with the specific user associated with the user account identifier. 
     In some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can store the user account identifier and the at least one anonymous identifier in separate logs, databases, storage devices, servers, and/or files. For example, the invitational content server  250  can store the user account identifier in a user account log or profile, and the anonymous identifier in a separate content log or profile. The invitational content server  250  can also maintain other information in each of the locations where the user account identifier and the anonymous identifier are stored. For example, in the previous example where the user account identifier is stored in a user log, the user log can contain user information and data, such as demographics data, purchase history data, location data, personal data, activity data, preferences, and so forth. Similarly, in the same example where the anonymous identifier is stored in a content log, the content log can contain content and/or user information, such as content interactions or activity, content consumed by the user, content preferences, demographics data, and so forth. In some embodiments, to protect the privacy of the user, however, the user account identifier and any information which can personally and specifically identify the user associated with the user account identifier are kept separate from the content log and thus may not be contained in the content log or otherwise referenced in the content log. 
     At step  504 , the invitational content server  250  can transmit a media content item to the client device based on the user account identifier. For example, the invitational content server  250  can select one or more media content items based on the user account identifier or any data associated with the user account identifier, and transmit the one or more media content items. In some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can use data associated with the account identifier, such as data stored in a log or profile of the user account identifier, to target the media content item to the user or client device. For example, the invitational content server  250  can use demographics data, user preferences, purchase history data, user activity, or other user information associated with the user account identifier to target the media content item to the user or client device. The media content item can include one or more invitational content items, such as coupons or promotional items, and/or one or more media items, such as video, audio, text, or any combination thereof. 
     At step  506 , the invitational content server  250  can report the at least one anonymous identifier to a remote device without the user account identifier. For example, the invitational content server  250  can transmit the anonymous identifier to one or more remote parties or servers, such as a system partner, an application distribution system, a content distribution system, a provider, a distributor, a statistics server, an analytics server, a digital content provider, a data monitoring agent, and so forth. 
     In some cases, when transmitting or reporting the anonymous identifier, the invitational content server  250  can also transmit or report data or content associated with the anonymous identifier. For example, the invitational content server  250  can transmit or report data identifying specific content interactions at the client device or content consumed by, or presented at, the client device. Thus, the invitational content server  250  can transmit to a remote server data associating a specific content item and/or content interaction with the anonymous identifier. Such data can indicate that the specific content item was consumed by an unknown user represented by the anonymous identifier and/or the unknown user was involved in the specific content interaction. The invitational content server  250  can also transmit or report additional data about the user, which can be obtained by the invitational content server  250  based on the user account identifier for example, such as demographics data, location information, or statistics. However, the invitational content server  250  can withhold the user account identifier or any data that may specifically reveal the identity of the user associated with the user account identifier. This way, the remote server that receives the data from the invitational content server  250  will be able to determine that an unknown user identified by the anonymous identifier having specific characteristics identified by the data received from the invitational content server  250  has consumed specific content and/or performed specific content interactions. Yet the remote server that receives the data from the invitational content server  250  may not be able to ascertain the actual or true identity of the user based on the anonymous identifier or the other data received from the invitational content server  250 . 
     For example, the invitational content server  250  can transmit an anonymous identifier to a remote server and information indicating that an unknown user represented by the anonymous identifier has viewed article X from application Y. The invitational content server  250  can also transmit other information about the user which does not identify the user&#39;s specific identity. For example, the invitational content server  250  can also transmit information indicating that the unknown user is a male between the ages of 20 and 25 and that the current location of the unknown user is location Z. This way, the remote server can determine that an unknown male user between the ages of 20 and 25 has viewed article X from location Y and at location Z. The remote server will be able to aggregate this data with other statistics to determine patterns or other details. For example, the remote server may be able to determine that 20 males ages 20-25 have viewed article X from application Y and 50 females ages 20-25 have viewed the article X from application Y. 
     In some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can also report or transmit other anonymous identifiers. The other anonymous identifiers can represent the same user but may be associated with other content and/or content interactions. For example, the invitational content server  250  may report or transmit an anonymous invitational content identifier which associates the user with specific invitational content and/or invitational content interactions. The invitational content server  250  can also include other user information as previously described with respect to the anonymous identifier. For example, the invitational content server  250  can include demographics data and/or location information. This way, the remote server can determine that the unknown user represented by the anonymous invitational content identifier has consumed invitational content item A from application B at the client device. Based on the additional information about the user, the remote server may also be able to determine that the unknown user represented by the anonymous invitational content identifier is a male between the ages of 20 and 25. This way, the remote server may be able to determine that invitational content item A has been delivered to the unknown male user between ages 20 and 25. The remote server can thus maintain statistics and performance information for specific invitational content and match the statistics and performance with specific unknown users and user characteristics, without necessarily identifying the specific user or otherwise mapping such information to a specific user identity. 
     In some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can report or transmit multiple, different anonymous identifiers and associated data to the same remote server or party. However, in some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can report or transmit the multiple, different anonymous identifiers and associated data to one or more different remote servers or parties. For example, the invitational content server  250  can report or transmit an anonymous invitational content identifier and associated data to a remote server collecting invitational content statistics, and an anonymous application content identifier and associated data to a different remote server collecting application content statistics. 
     In some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can report the anonymous identifier in response to a request, event, action, schedule, or any other triggering condition. Moreover, in some embodiments, the invitational content server  250  can transmit the media content item in response to the media content request and/or any other event, schedule, or condition. 
     While the method in  FIG. 5  is described with respect to an invitational content server  250  configured to practice the various steps, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the method and/or any steps in the method can be performed by another device(s), such as a media distribution system  210 , an application distribution system  220 , a third partner T 1 , a statistics server, or any other server or device. The invitational content server  250  is described in  FIG. 5  as a non-limiting example for explanation purposes. 
     For clarity of explanation, in some instances the present technology may be presented as including individual functional blocks including functional blocks comprising devices, device components, steps or routines in a method embodied in software, or combinations of hardware and software. 
     In some embodiments the computer-readable storage devices, mediums, and memories can include a cable or wireless signal containing a bit stream and the like. However, when mentioned, non-transitory computer-readable storage media expressly exclude media such as energy, carrier signals, electromagnetic waves, and signals per se. 
     Methods according to the above-described examples can be implemented using computer-executable instructions that are stored or otherwise available from computer readable media. Such instructions can comprise, for example, instructions and data which cause or otherwise configure a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing device to perform a certain function or group of functions. Portions of computer resources used can be accessible over a network. The computer executable instructions may be, for example, binaries, intermediate format instructions such as assembly language, firmware, or source code. Examples of computer-readable media that may be used to store instructions, information used, and/or information created during methods according to described examples include magnetic or optical disks, flash memory, USB devices provided with non-volatile memory, networked storage devices, and so on. 
     Devices implementing methods according to these disclosures can comprise hardware, firmware and/or software, and can take any of a variety of form factors. Typical examples of such form factors include laptops, smart phones, small form factor personal computers, personal digital assistants, and so on. Functionality described herein also can be embodied in peripherals or add-in cards. Such functionality can also be implemented on a circuit board among different chips or different processes executing in a single device, by way of further example. 
     The instructions, media for conveying such instructions, computing resources for executing them, and other structures for supporting such computing resources are means for providing the functions described in these disclosures. 
     Although a variety of examples and other information was used to explain aspects within the scope of the appended claims, no limitation of the claims should be implied based on particular features or arrangements in such examples, as one of ordinary skill would be able to use these examples to derive a wide variety of implementations. Further and although some subject matter may have been described in language specific to examples of structural features and/or method steps, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to these described features or acts. For example, such functionality can be distributed differently or performed in components other than those identified herein. Rather, the described features and steps are disclosed as examples of components of systems and methods within the scope of the appended claims. Claim language reciting “at least one of” a set indicates that one member of the set or multiple members of the set satisfy the claim. Tangible computer-readable storage media, computer-readable storage devices, or computer-readable memory devices, expressly exclude media such as transitory waves, energy, carrier signals, electromagnetic waves, and signals per se.