Patent Publication Number: US-2022235761-A1

Title: Fluid control device

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/JP2020/033358 filed on Sep. 3, 2020 which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-191636 filed on Oct. 21, 2019. The contents of these applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a fluid control device that conveys a fluid in a predetermined direction. 
     Patent Document 1 discloses a pump unit. The pump unit described in Patent Document 1 includes a housing and multiple micropumps. 
     The multiple micropumps are disposed inside the housing. The multiple micropumps are coupled in series or in parallel to a flow path formed in the housing. 
     Patent Document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2017-2909 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     However, in the pump unit described in Patent Document 1, a flow rate that may be achieved as a pump unit is limited depending on the number of micropumps installed in the housing. In other words, with the pump unit described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to adjust the flow rate. 
     The present disclosure provides a fluid control device in which a flow rate may easily be adjusted. 
     A fluid control device according to the present disclosure includes a pump that conveys a fluid and a housing in which the pump is installed. The housing has a space, a communication hole, a first coupling portion, a second coupling portion, a first opening, and a second opening. The space is formed inside the housing. The communication hole allows the space inside the housing to communicate with the pump. The first coupling portion and the second coupling portion are portions for physically coupling to an external member. The first opening is formed in the first coupling portion and makes the space inside the housing open to the outside. The second opening is formed in the second coupling portion and makes the space inside the housing open to the outside. The first coupling portion and the second coupling portion have outer shapes that may be fit to each other such that when a housing is coupled to another housing, the two housings communicate with each other through the first opening of the housing and the second opening of the other housing. 
     In this configuration, the multiple housings may easily be coupled. The coupling of the multiple housings allows the spaces inside the multiple housings to easily communicate with each other. With this, the number of pumps used for fluid control may easily be changed. 
     According to the present disclosure, a flow rate may easily be adjusted. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a first embodiment. 
         FIG. 2A  is an exploded perspective view of a housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment, and  FIG. 2B  is a perspective view of the housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is an exploded plan view of the housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 4A  and  FIG. 4B  are side sectional views of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view illustrating a configuration in which multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other. 
         FIG. 6A  is a side sectional view illustrating a connection of spaces in the configuration in which the multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other, and  FIG. 6B  is a side sectional view illustrating a coupling mode of conductor patterns in the configuration in which the multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other. 
         FIG. 7A  is an external perspective view of a fluid control device according to a second embodiment, and  FIG. 7B  is an enlarged perspective view of a position where a coupling member is disposed in the fluid control device. 
         FIG. 8  is an external perspective view of the coupling member. 
         FIG. 9A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a third embodiment, and  FIG. 9B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 10A  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices, and  FIG. 10B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices. 
         FIG. 11A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a fourth embodiment, and  FIG. 11B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 12A  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices according to a fifth embodiment, and  FIG. 12B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices. 
         FIG. 13A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a sixth embodiment,  FIG. 13B  is a side view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the sixth embodiment, and  FIG. 13C  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the sixth embodiment. 
         FIG. 14A  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices,  FIG. 14B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices, and  FIG. 14C  is a plan view illustrating a manner to couple the multiple fluid control devices to each other. 
         FIG. 15A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a seventh embodiment, and  FIG. 15B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the seventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 16A  is a side view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to an eighth embodiment, and  FIG. 16B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the eighth embodiment. 
         FIG. 17A  is a first side view (first end surface view) illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a ninth embodiment,  FIG. 17B  is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the ninth embodiment, and  FIG. 17C  is a second side view (second end surface view) illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the ninth embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices. 
         FIG. 19A  is a first side view of a driving unit, and  FIG. 19B  is a plan view of the driving unit. 
         FIG. 20A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a tenth embodiment, and  FIG. 20B  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of an integrated fluid control device using multiple fluid control devices according to the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 21A  is a side sectional view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to an eleventh embodiment,  FIG. 21B  is a diagram illustrating a flow of a fluid to/from the fluid control device according to the eleventh embodiment, and  FIG. 21C  is a diagram illustrating a flow of the fluid in a state where one piezoelectric pump is removed. 
         FIG. 22A  is a side sectional view illustrating a configuration of a fluid control device according to a twelfth embodiment, and  FIG. 22B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of an integrated fluid control device using multiple fluid control devices according to the twelfth embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     First Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 2A  is an exploded perspective view of a housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment, and  FIG. 2B  is a perspective view of the housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 3  is an exploded plan view of the housing of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 4A  and  FIG. 4B  are side sectional views of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 4A  is a diagram facilitating the understanding of a connection of spaces, and  FIG. 4B  is a diagram facilitating the understanding of an electrical connection. 
     Configuration of Fluid Control Device  10   
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , a fluid control device  10  includes a substrate  20 , a piezoelectric pump  901 , and a piezoelectric pump  902 . The substrate  20  corresponds to a “housing” of the present disclosure, the piezoelectric pump  901  corresponds to a “first pump” of the present disclosure, and the piezoelectric pump  902  corresponds to a “second pump” of the present disclosure. As will be described later, the fluid control device  10  has a structure in which the multiple fluid control devices may be used by being coupled to each other. Accordingly, the fluid control device  10  may be made to function as a fluid control device singly, whereas defining one fluid control device  10  as a unit, multiple units may be made to function as a single fluid control device. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2A ,  FIG. 2B , and  FIG. 3 , the substrate  20  has a dielectric layer  211 , a dielectric layer  212 , a dielectric layer  221 , and a dielectric layer  222 . The dielectric layer  211 , the dielectric layer  212 , the dielectric layer  221 , and the dielectric layer  222  have a flat plate-shape. 
     The dielectric layer  211  has a main surface  2111 , a main surface  2112 , an end surface  2103 , an end surface  2104 , and two side surfaces. The dielectric layer  211  has a rectangular shape in plan view (when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the main surface  2111  and the main surface  2112 ). 
     A through-hole  31  is formed in the dielectric layer  211 . A connection and fixation through-hole  210  is formed in the dielectric layer  211 . The through-hole  31  and the connection and fixation through-hole  210  extend through the dielectric layer  211  in a thickness direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface  2111  and the main surface  2112 ). The through-hole  31  corresponds to a “first communication hole” of the present disclosure. 
     Linear conductor patterns  321  and  322  are formed on the main surface  2111  of the dielectric layer  211 . 
     The dielectric layer  212  has a main surface  2121 , a main surface  2122 , the end surface  2103 , the end surface  2104 , and two side surfaces. The dielectric layer  212  has a rectangular shape in plan view (when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the main surface  2121  and the main surface  2122 ). The dielectric layer  212  has the same shape as the dielectric layer  211  in plan view. 
     A through-hole  411  and a through-hole  412  are formed in the dielectric layer  212 . The connection and fixation through-hole  210  is formed in the dielectric layer  212 . The through-hole  411 , the through-hole  412 , and the connection and fixation through-hole  210  extend through the dielectric layer  212  in the thickness direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface  2121  and the main surface  2122 ). 
     The through-hole  411  has a rectangular shape in plan view, for example. An opening area (area in plan view) of the through-hole  411  is larger than an opening area (area in plan view) of the through-hole  31  of the dielectric layer  211 . Further, the through-hole  411  is formed at a position where the through-hole  31  is included in the region of the through-hole  411 , in a state where the dielectric layer  212  and the dielectric layer  211  are laminated. 
     The through-hole  412  is disposed on the end surface  2104  side relative to the through-hole  411 . The through-hole  412  has a shape extending in a longitudinal direction (direction orthogonal to the end surface  2103  and the end surface  2104 ). The through-hole  412  communicates with the through-hole  411 . 
     Linear conductor patterns  421  and  422  corresponding to the first conductor pattern are formed on the main surface  2122  of the dielectric layer  212 . The conductor pattern  421  and the conductor pattern  422  are disposed on the end surface  2104  side relative to the through-hole  411  and have a shape extending in the longitudinal direction. 
     The dielectric layer  211  and the dielectric layer  212  are laminated. In the lamination, the main surface  2112  of the dielectric layer  211  and the main surface  2121  of the dielectric layer  212  are in contact with each other over substantially the entire surface. In this way, a dielectric base member  21  is formed by a flat plate in which the dielectric layer  211  and the dielectric layer  212  are laminated. The dielectric base member  21  corresponds to a “first dielectric base member” of the present disclosure. 
     Because of the laminated structure of the dielectric layer  211  and the dielectric layer  212  described above, the dielectric base member  21  has a recess  41  recessed from the main surface  2122  side. The recess  41  is realized by closing one opening of the through-hole  411  and one opening of the through-hole  412  with the dielectric layer  211 . The recess  41  communicates with the through-hole  31  in a region corresponding to the through-hole  411 . The recess  41  corresponds to a “first recess” of the present disclosure. 
     The shape of the dielectric layer  221  is obtained by substantially reversing a positional relationship of the main surfaces and a positional relationship of the end surfaces in the dielectric layer  211 . 
     The dielectric layer  221  has a main surface  2211 , a main surface  2212 , an end surface  2203 , an end surface  2204 , and two side surfaces. The dielectric layer  221  has a rectangular shape in plan view (when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the main surface  2211  and the main surface  2212 ). 
     A through-hole  61  is formed in the dielectric layer  221 . A connection and fixation through-hole  220  is formed in the dielectric layer  221 . The through-hole  61  and the connection and fixation through-hole  220  extend through the dielectric layer  221  in the thickness direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface  2211  and the main surface  2212 ). The through-hole  61  corresponds to a “second communication hole” of the present disclosure. 
     Linear conductor patterns  621  and  622  are formed on the main surface  2212  of the dielectric layer  221 . 
     The shape of the dielectric layer  222  is obtained by substantially reversing the positional relationship of the main surfaces and the positional relationship of the end surfaces in the dielectric layer  212  and adding a conductor pattern  531  and a conductor pattern  532 . 
     The dielectric layer  222  has a main surface  2221 , a main surface  2222 , the end surface  2203 , the end surface  2204 , and two side surfaces. The dielectric layer  222  has a rectangular shape in plan view (when viewed in a direction orthogonal to the main surface  2221  and the main surface  2222 ). The dielectric layer  222  has the same shape as the dielectric layer  221  in plan view. 
     A through-hole  511  and a through-hole  512  are formed in the dielectric layer  222 . The connection and fixation through-hole  220  is formed in the dielectric layer  222 . The through-hole  511 , the through-hole  512 , and the connection and fixation through-hole  220  extend through the dielectric layer  222  in the thickness direction (direction orthogonal to the main surface  2221  and the main surface  2222 ). 
     The through-hole  511  has a rectangular shape in plan view, for example. An opening area (area in plan view) of the through-hole  511  is larger than an opening area (area in plan view) of the through-hole  61  of the dielectric layer  221 . Further, the through-hole  511  is formed at a position where the through-hole  61  is included in the region of the through-hole  511 , in a state where the dielectric layer  222  and the dielectric layer  221  are laminated. 
     The through-hole  512  is disposed on the end surface  2204  side relative to the through-hole  511 . The through-hole  512  has a shape extending in the longitudinal direction (direction orthogonal to the end surface  2203  and the end surface  2204 ). The through-hole  512  communicates with the through-hole  511 . 
     Linear conductor patterns  521 ,  522 ,  531 , and  532  are formed on the main surface  2221  of the dielectric layer  222 . The conductor patterns  521  and  522  corresponding to the second conductor pattern are disposed in the end surface  2204  side relative to the through-hole  511  and have a shape extending in the longitudinal direction. The conductor patterns  531  and  532  are formed along an outer periphery of the through-hole  511 , for example. One end of the conductor pattern  531  is connected to the conductor pattern  521 , and the other end thereof reaches the side opposite to the conductor pattern  521  with the through-hole  511  interposed therebetween. One end of the conductor pattern  532  is connected to the conductor pattern  522 , and the other end thereof reaches the side opposite to the conductor pattern  522  with the through-hole  511  interposed therebetween. 
     The dielectric layer  221  and the dielectric layer  222  are laminated. In the lamination, the main surface  2211  of the dielectric layer  221  and the main surface  2222  of the dielectric layer  222  are in contact with each other over substantially the entire surface. In this way, a dielectric base member  22  is formed by a flat plate in which the dielectric layer  221  and the dielectric layer  222  are laminated. The dielectric base member  22  corresponds to a “second dielectric base member” of the present disclosure. The first dielectric base member  21  and the second dielectric base member  22  have substantially the same shape. The same shape means that the difference of the length and the width of the first dielectric base member  21  and the length and the width of the second dielectric base member  22  is between 0 mm to 10 mm, respectively, when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the main surface  2111 . 
     Because of the laminated structure of the dielectric layer  221  and the dielectric layer  222  described above, the dielectric base member  22  has a recess  51  recessed from the main surface  2221  side. The recess  51  is realized by closing one opening of the through-hole  511  and one opening of the through-hole  512  with the dielectric layer  221 . The recess  51  communicates with the through-hole  61  in a region corresponding to the through-hole  511 . The recess  51  corresponds to a “second recess” of the present disclosure. 
     The dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are laminated in a state in which the main surface  2122  of the dielectric layer  212  and the main surface  2221  of the dielectric layer  222  partially overlap and are in contact with each other. In other words, the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are laminated in a state where the positions thereof are shifted in the longitudinal direction. The substrate  20  is realized with a laminated substrate of the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22 . 
     More specifically, the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are disposed such that the region of the through-hole  411  in the recess  41  and the region of the through-hole  511  in the recess  51  overlap with each other. At this time, the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are laminated such that the region of the through-hole  412  in the recess  41  and the region of the through-hole  512  in the recess  51  are disposed with the region where the through-hole  411  and the through-hole  511  overlap with each other interposed therebetween. 
     In this configuration, as illustrated in  FIG. 2A ,  FIG. 2B ,  FIG. 4A , and  FIG. 4B , the end surface  2103  of the dielectric base member  21  is positioned toward the through-hole  511  in the recess  51  relative to the end surface  2204  of the dielectric base member  22 . Further, the end surface  2203  of the dielectric base member  22  is positioned toward the through-hole  411  in the recess  41  relative to the end surface  2104  of the dielectric base member  21 . 
     With this, a portion of the through-hole  412  opposite from the side communicating with the through-hole  411  is not covered with the dielectric base member  22  and is open to the outside. This opening corresponds to a “first opening” of the present disclosure. Further, a portion of the through-hole  512  opposite from the side communicating with the through-hole  511  is not covered with the dielectric base member  21  and is open to the outside. This opening corresponds to a “second opening” of the present disclosure. 
     With the configuration above, as illustrated in  FIG. 4A , the fluid control device  10  has a flow path space (corresponding to a “space” of the present disclosure) formed of the recess  41  and the recess  51 , inside the substrate  20  in which the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are laminated. The flow path space communicates with an external space through a portion (second region) where the through-hole  412  in the recess  41  opens to the outside of the substrate  20 . Further, the flow path space communicates with an external space through a portion (first region) where the through-hole  512  in the recess  51  opens to the outside of the substrate  20 . 
     Further, as illustrated in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 4A , the flow path space communicates with an external space through the through-hole  31  from the surface (main surface  2111 ) of the dielectric base member  21  opposite from the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  22 . The flow path space communicates with an external space through the through-hole  61  from the surface (main surface  2212 ) of the dielectric base member  22  opposite from the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  21 . 
     The piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed on the surface (main surface  2111 ) of the dielectric base member  21  opposite from the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  22 . The piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed at a position that closes the through-hole  31 . The piezoelectric pump  901  has a suction port  911  that opens in the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  21 . The suction port  911  of the piezoelectric pump  901  communicates with the through-hole  31 . With this, the flow path space communicates with the piezoelectric pump  901 . The through-hole  31  corresponds to a “communication hole” of the present disclosure. 
     The piezoelectric pump  902  is disposed on the surface (main surface  2212 ) of the dielectric base member  22  opposite from the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  21 . The piezoelectric pump  902  is disposed at a position that closes the through-hole  61 . The piezoelectric pump  902  has a suction port  921  that opens in the surface in contact with the dielectric base member  22 . The suction port  921  of the piezoelectric pump  902  communicates with the through-hole  61 . With this, the flow path space communicates with the piezoelectric pump  902 . 
     With the above configuration, the fluid control device  10  suctions a fluid into the flow path space from the opening of the recess  41  and the opening of the recess  51  by driving the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902 . The fluid suctioned into the flow path space is conveyed in the flow path space, reaches the through-hole  31  and the through-hole  61 , and is suctioned by the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902 . The fluid is discharged to the outside of the fluid control device  10  from a discharge port  912  of the piezoelectric pump  901  and a discharge port  922  of the piezoelectric pump  902 . With this, the fluid control device  10  is able to convey a fluid in a specific direction. 
     Note that, in the fluid control device  10  described above, it is suitable to supply a drive signal to the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902 . 
     In the configuration described above, as illustrated in  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 4B , the conductor pattern  321  and the conductor pattern  322  are connected to the piezoelectric pump  901 . The conductor pattern  321  is connected to the conductor pattern  421  using a via conductor VH 11  formed in the dielectric base member  21 . The conductor pattern  322  is connected to the conductor pattern  422  using a via conductor VH 12  formed in the dielectric base member  21 . 
     The conductor pattern  621  and the conductor pattern  622  are connected to the piezoelectric pump  902 . The conductor pattern  621  is connected to the conductor pattern  521  using a via conductor VH 21  formed in the dielectric base member  22 . The conductor pattern  622  is connected to the conductor pattern  522  using a via conductor VH 22  formed in the dielectric base member  22 . 
     The conductor pattern  531  is connected to the conductor pattern  521 , and the conductor pattern  531  overlaps and is in contact with the conductor pattern  421 . The conductor pattern  532  is connected to the conductor pattern  522 , and the conductor pattern  532  overlaps and is in contact with the conductor pattern  422 . 
     The conductor pattern  421  and the conductor pattern  422  are exposed to the outside of the substrate  20  together with the opening of the through-hole  412  described above, and the conductor pattern  521  and the conductor pattern  522  are exposed to the outside of the substrate  20  together with the opening of the through-hole  512  described above. 
     Accordingly, the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902  are able to be supplied with a drive signal from the outside through the respective portions of the conductor pattern  421 , the conductor pattern  422 , the conductor pattern  521 , and the conductor pattern  522  exposed to the outside. 
     Coupling Mode of Fluid Control Device 
     The fluid control device  10  having the configuration described above may be used singly, but as described below, multiple fluid control devices coupled to each other as a whole may be used as a single fluid control device. 
       FIG. 5  is a perspective view illustrating a configuration in which multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other.  FIG. 6A  is a side sectional view illustrating a connection of the spaces in the configuration in which the multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other.  FIG. 6B  is a side sectional view illustrating a coupling mode of the conductor patterns in the configuration in which the multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other. 
     A fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), a fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), a fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) in  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 6A , and  FIG. 6B  have the same configuration and have the configuration of the fluid control device  10 . Note that,  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 6A , and  FIG. 6B  illustrate a mode in which three fluid control devices are coupled to each other, but the number of the fluid control devices may be two, or four or more. 
     As described above, in the fluid control device  10 , the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  are laminated in a state of being shifted in the longitudinal direction. With this, the opening shape (first region) of the main surface  2122  of the dielectric base member  21  and the opening shape (second region) of the main surface  2221  of the dielectric base member  22  are the same. The opening direction of the main surface  2122  is opposite to the opening direction of the main surface  2221  in the thickness direction. Further, the opening portion of the main surface  2122  is positioned on one end side of the fluid control device  10  in the longitudinal direction, and the opening portion of the main surface  2221  is positioned on the other end side of the fluid control device  10  in the longitudinal direction. 
     In the configuration above, an end portion of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) in the longitudinal direction, on the side where a main surface  2221 ( 2 ) opens, is coupled to an end portion of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) in the longitudinal direction, on the side where a main surface  2122 ( 1 ) opens. More specifically, the surface in which the main surface  2221 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) opens is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with the surface in which the main surface  2122 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) opens. Further, an end surface  2204 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with an end surface  2203 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ). Furthermore, an end surface  2103 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with an end surface  2104 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ). 
     Similarly, an end portion of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) in the longitudinal direction, on the side where a main surface  2221 ( 3 ) opens, is coupled to the end portion of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) in the longitudinal direction, on the side where a main surface  2122 ( 2 ) opens. More specifically, the surface in which the main surface  2221 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) opens is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with the surface in which the main surface  2122 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) opens. Further, an end surface  2204 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with an end surface  2203 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ). Furthermore, an end surface  2103 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) is disposed to closely face or to be in contact with an end surface  2104 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ). 
     Here, the through-hole  412  constituting the recess  41  and the through-hole  512  constituting the recess  51  are formed to include the center in a width direction of the fluid control device  10 . With this, as illustrated in  FIG. 6A , in a coupling portion (a first coupling portion) between the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), the opening of a through-hole  412 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the opening of a through-hole  512 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) overlap with each other in plan view. That is, the through-hole  412 ( 1 ) (recess  41 ( 1 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the through-hole  512 ( 2 ) (recess  51 ( 2 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) communicate with each other. Similarly, in another coupling portion (a second coupling portion), a through-hole  412 ( 2 ) (recess  41 ( 2 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and a through-hole  512 ( 3 ) (recess  51 ( 3 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) communicate with each other. 
     With this, the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), and the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) communicate with each other, with the opening of a through-hole  512 ( 1 ) (recess  51 ( 1 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) as an opening at one end and the opening of a through-hole  412 ( 3 ) (recess  41 ( 3 )) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) as an opening at the other end. Accordingly, a fluid may be supplied from the outside to a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and a piezoelectric pump  902 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) and a piezoelectric pump  902 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), and a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 3 ) and a piezoelectric pump  902 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) through the opening of the through-hole  512 ( 1 ) and the opening of the through-hole  412 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ). 
     With the configuration above, the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), and the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) may easily realize an integrated fluid control device formed of one flat plate. This fluid control device is able to convey (control) a fluid with three times as many piezoelectric pumps in comparison with the case where the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), and the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) are respectively used as a single device. That is, the fluid control device of the present embodiment may easily change and adjust the flow rate. Further, the number of piezoelectric pumps to be used may easily be changed in accordance with the number of fluid control devices to be coupled. As a result, the fluid control device of the present embodiment is able to easily adjust the flow rate. 
     In the configuration of the present embodiment, the disposition described above alone makes it possible to let the conductor patterns of the fluid control devices face each other and easily be coupled to each other. Specifically as illustrated, for example, in  FIG. 3 , the conductor pattern  421  and the conductor pattern  422  of the fluid control device  10  are disposed at positions separated with a predetermined distance from the center line in the width direction. Similarly, the conductor pattern  521  and the conductor pattern  522  of the fluid control device  10  are disposed at positions separated with a predetermined distance from the center line in the width direction. The separation distances above are the same. 
     Accordingly, when the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) are disposed as in  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 6A , and  FIG. 6B , a conductor pattern  421 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) closely faces or is in contact with a conductor pattern  521 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) as in  FIG. 6B . With this, the conductor pattern  421 ( 1 ) and the conductor pattern  521 ( 2 ) are easily and more reliably coupled to each other. Similarly, a conductor pattern  421 ( 2 ) and the conductor pattern  521 ( 2 ) are easily and more reliably coupled to each other. Although not illustrated, a conductor pattern  422 ( 1 ) and a conductor pattern  522 ( 2 ) are easily and more reliably coupled to each other, and a conductor pattern  422 ( 2 ) and the conductor pattern  522 ( 2 ) are easily and more reliably coupled to each other. 
     With this, the fluid control device according to the present embodiment is able to easily and more reliably couple the multiple piezoelectric pumps  901  to each other. 
     Further, in the configuration described above, a connection and fixation through-hole  210 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and a connection and fixation through-hole  220 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device ( 2 ) overlap with each other in plan view. Accordingly, the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) may easily be positioned by using, for example, a member inserted through the connection and fixation through-hole  210 ( 1 ) and the connection and fixation through-hole  220 ( 2 ) described above. Similarly, the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) may easily be positioned by using a connection and fixation through-hole  210 ( 2 ) and a connection and fixation through-hole  220 ( 3 ). 
     In the configuration described above, the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  may have the same configuration. Further, the substrate  20  is formed by partially overlapping the dielectric base member  21  and the dielectric base member  22  having the same configuration with the directions of the main surfaces being opposite to each other. With this, the substrate  20  may be realized with a simple configuration. 
     Second Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 7A  is an external perspective view of the fluid control device according to the second embodiment, and  FIG. 7B  is an enlarged perspective view of a position where a coupling member is disposed in the fluid control device.  FIG. 8  is an external perspective view of the coupling member. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7A ,  FIG. 7B , and  FIG. 8 , the fluid control device according to the second embodiment is different from the fluid control device according to the first embodiment in that multiple fluid control devices are coupled to each other using the coupling member. The other configurations of the fluid control device according to the second embodiment are the same as those of the fluid control device according to the first embodiment, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7A , the fluid control device includes the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ), and a fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) that are individually prepared, and a coupling member  80 . 
     Each of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ), and the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) has the same configurations as those of the fluid control device  10  described in the first embodiment. 
     The fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) are coupled to each other along the longitudinal direction. The fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) are coupled to each other along the longitudinal direction. The coupling structures above are similar to the coupling structure of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), and the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) described in the first embodiment. 
     A unit including the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and a unit including the fluid control devices  10 ( 3 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) are disposed along the width direction. More specifically, the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ) are disposed side by side in the width direction, and the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) are disposed side by side in the width direction. 
     With this, the end surface  2203 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and an end surface  2203 ( 4 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) make a substantially flat surface. Similarly, the opening surface in the main surface  2122 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ) and the opening surface in a main surface  2122 ( 4 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) make a substantially flat surface. 
     The coupling member  80  is disposed in a portion surrounded by the surface in which the end surface  2203 ( 2 ) and the end surface  2203 ( 4 ) are coupled to each other, and the surface in which the opening surface in the main surface  2122 ( 2 ) and the opening surface in the main surface  2122 ( 4 ) are coupled to each other. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the coupling member  80  includes a flat plate-shaped base member  81 . The base member  81  is formed of, for example, an insulation resin. The base member  81  has a main surface  811 , a main surface  812 , a side surface  813 , a side surface  814 , and two end surfaces. 
     The length of each of the main surface  811  and the main surface  812  is substantially the same as the value obtained by adding the width of a substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the width of a substrate  20 ( 4 ). In other words, the length of each of the main surface  811  and the main surface  812  is approximately twice the width of each of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the substrate  20 ( 4 ). Further, the width of each of the main surface  811  and the main surface  812  (distance between the side surface  813  and the side surface  814 ) is substantially the same as each of: the length of the opening region of the main surface  2122 ( 2 ) in the substrate  20 ( 2 ), and the length of the opening region of the main surface  2122 ( 4 ) in the substrate  20 ( 4 ). The thickness of the coupling member  80  is substantially the same as the thicknesses of each of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the substrate  20 ( 4 ). 
     The coupling member  80  has a recess  82 . The recess  82  has a shape recessed from the main surface  811 . The recess  82  has a shape in which a first portion  821 , a second portion  822 , and a third portion  823  are connected to each other. 
     The first portion  821  has a shape extending in the longitudinal direction (direction orthogonal to the end surface) of the coupling member  80 . The length of the first portion  821  is longer than the distance between the through-hole  412 ( 2 ) of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the through-hole  412 ( 4 ) of the substrate  20 ( 4 ). In other words, the length of the first portion  821  is longer than the width of each of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the substrate  20 ( 4 ), for example. 
     The second portion  822  and the third portion  823  have a shape extending in the width direction (direction orthogonal to the side surface  813  and the side surface  814 ) of the coupling member  80 . The second portion  822  is coupled to one end of the first portion  821  in the extending direction. The third portion  823  is coupled to the other end of the first portion  821  in the extending direction. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , the coupling member  80  is disposed such that the side surface  813  closely faces or is in contact with the end surface  2203 ( 2 ) of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the end surface  2203 ( 4 ) of the substrate  20 ( 4 ). Further, the coupling member  80  is disposed such that the main surface  811  closely faces or is in contact with the opening surface in the main surface  2122 ( 2 ) of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the opening surface in the main surface  2122 ( 4 ) of the substrate  20 ( 4 ). 
     With the configuration above, the through-hole  412 ( 2 ) of the recess  41 ( 2 ) in the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the through-hole  412 ( 4 ) of a recess  41 ( 4 ) in the substrate  20 ( 4 ) communicate with each other through the recess  82  of the coupling member  80 . With this, the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 1 ), the piezoelectric pump  902 ( 2 ) and the piezoelectric pump  902 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 3 ) and the piezoelectric pump  902 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 3 ), and a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 4 ) and a piezoelectric pump  902 ( 4 ) of the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ) are able to be supplied with a fluid through one flow path. 
     That is, even when the multiple fluid control devices are disposed side by side in the width direction, a continuously coupled flow path for all the fluid control devices may be formed, and this makes it possible to let the multiple fluid control devices function as one fluid control device. Accordingly, the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices may more variously be configured, and a fluid control device capable of achieving a desired flow rate may easily be realized. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the coupling member  80  has a connection and fixation through-hole  230 . As illustrated in  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B , the connection and fixation through-holes  230  overlap with the connection and fixation through-hole  210  of the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the connection and fixation through-hole  210  of the substrate  20 ( 4 ), in a state where the coupling member  80  is disposed on the substrate  20 ( 2 ) and the substrate  20 ( 4 ). With the configuration above, by using, for example, a member inserted through the connection and fixation through-hole  230  and the connection and fixation through-hole  220 , the fluid control device  10 ( 2 ), the fluid control device  10 ( 4 ), and the coupling member  80  may easily be positioned and fixed. 
     Third Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 9A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the third embodiment, and  FIG. 9B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the third embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9A  and  FIG. 9B , a fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10  in that the configuration of a housing  20 A is not limited to the laminated substrate and uses, for example, a resin-molded article. The basic functional structure of the fluid control device  10 A is similar to that of the fluid control device  10 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 9A  and  FIG. 9B , the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment includes the housing  20 A and the piezoelectric pump  901 . The housing  20 A is realized by a molded article made of, for example, a resin. 
     The housing  20 A has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The housing  20 A has a main wall  251 A, a main wall  252 A, a side wall  253 A, a side wall  254 A, a side wall  255 A, and a side wall  256 A. The main wall  251 A and the main wall  252 A face each other and are disposed orthogonal to the thickness direction of the housing  20 A. The side wall  253 A and the side wall  254 A face each other and are disposed parallel to the thickness direction of the housing  20 A. The side wall  255 A and the side wall  256 A face each other, are parallel to the thickness direction of the housing  20 A, and are disposed orthogonal to the side wall  253 A and the side wall  254 A. 
     The housing  20 A has a flow path space  45 A formed of a hollow portion surrounded by the main wall  251 A, the main wall  252 A, the side wall  253 A, the side wall  254 A, the side wall  255 A, and the side wall  256 A. 
     A through-hole  31 A is formed in the main wall  251 A. The through-hole  31 A communicates with the flow path space  45 A, and also communicates with the external space of the housing  20 A. 
     The side wall  253 A has a protrusion  26 A. The protrusion  26 A has a shape protruding outward from an outer surface of the side wall  253 A. The protrusion  26 A has a substantially cylindrical shape. The area of the portion of the protrusion  26 A connected to the side wall  253 A is larger than the area of the tip thereof. In other words, the outer shape of the protrusion  26 A is a tapered shape when the housing  20 A is viewed from a side. The protrusion  26 A has a through-hole  451 A. The through-hole  451 A communicates with the flow path space  45 A, and also communicates with the external space of the housing  20 A. The cross section (area when the side wall  253 A is viewed in front) of the through-hole  451 A can be larger than the cross section (area when the main wall  251 A is viewed in front) of the through-hole  31 A. With this, it is possible to suppress the through-hole  451 A being a rate-limiting factor for the conveyance of a fluid. The protrusion  26 A corresponds to a “first coupling portion” of the present disclosure, and the through-hole  451 A corresponds to the “first opening” of the present disclosure. 
     The side wall  254 A has a through-hole  452 A. The through-hole  452 A communicates with the flow path space  45 A, and also communicates with the external space of the housing  20 A. The through-hole  452 A has a substantially cylindrical shape. In the through-hole  452 A, the area in the surface communicating with the flow path space  45 A is smaller than the area in the surface communicating with the outside of the housing  20 A. The shape and the size of the through-hole  452 A are the shape and the size into which the protrusion  26 A may be inserted and fit. The through-hole  452 A corresponds to a “second coupling portion (recess)” of the present disclosure, and corresponds to the “second opening” of the present disclosure. 
     The piezoelectric pump  901  is installed on an outer surface of the main wall  251 A. In the installation, the piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed such that the surface thereof on which the suction port  911  is formed is in contact with the outer surface of the main wall  251 A. Further, the piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed such that the suction port  911  communicates with the through-hole  31 A. 
     In a case where multiple fluid control devices  10 A having the configuration described above are used, the multiple fluid control devices  10 A are coupled to each other as follows.  FIG. 10A  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices, and  FIG. 10B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 10A , a fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and a fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) have the same configuration as that of the fluid control device  10 A described above. A protrusion  26 A( 2 ) of a housing  20 A( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) is inserted and fit into a through-hole  452 A( 1 ) of a housing  20 A( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ). With this, a flow path space  45 A( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and a flow path space  45 A( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) communicate with each other. With this, it is possible to realize a fluid control device in which the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) are integrated. 
     In the integrated fluid control device, the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) are supplied with a fluid through one flow path. Specifically, when the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) are driven, a fluid flows from a through-hole  451 A( 1 ) and a through-hole  452 A( 2 ) into the flow path space  45 A( 1 ) and the flow path space  45 A( 2 ) that communicate with each other through the through-hole  451 A( 2 ). The fluid is suctioned into the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) through a through-hole  31 A( 1 ), and is suctioned into the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) through a through-hole  31 A( 2 ). The piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) discharge the suctioned fluid to the outside of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ). 
     With the configuration above, the integrated fluid control device is able to gain a flow rate with the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ). That is, depending on the number of the individual fluid control devices to be coupled to each other, the flow rate may easily be changed and adjusted. 
     Further, in this configuration, an integrated fluid control device may be realized simply by inserting and fitting the protrusion  26 A( 2 ) into the through-hole  452 A( 1 ). Accordingly, a fluid control device capable of changing and adjusting a flow rate, or a fluid control device in which multiple fluid control devices are integrated may easily be realized. 
     Although not illustrated in the drawings, uneven portions that fit to each other on outer surfaces of a protrusion  26 A( 1 ) and the protrusion  26 A( 2 ), and on wall surfaces of the through-hole  452 A( 1 ) and a through-hole  452 A( 2 ) can be provided. With this, the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) are not easily separated from each other, and the fixed state of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ) becomes more reliable. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 11A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the fourth embodiment, and  FIG. 11B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the fourth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 11A  and  FIG. 11B , a fluid control device  10 AR according to the fourth embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in the mode of the disposition of the piezoelectric pump  901  to the housing  20 A. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 AR are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed such that a surface on which the discharge port  912  is formed is in contact with the outer surface of the main wall  251 A. Further, the piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed such that the discharge port  912  communicates with the through-hole  31 A. 
     With the configuration above, the fluid control device  10 AR is able to realize a fluid flow opposite to that of the fluid control device  10 A. 
     Fifth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 12A  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices according to the fifth embodiment, and  FIG. 12B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12A  and  FIG. 12B , an integrated fluid control device according to the fifth embodiment is different from the integrated fluid control device according to the third embodiment in that a plug member  89  is included. 
     The plug member  89  is a substantially cylindrical body having a shape that may be inserted and fit into the through-hole  452 A( 2 ). The plug member  89  may be made of a resin or may be an elastic body. 
     In this configuration, in the integrated fluid control device, a fluid flows from a through-hole  451 A( 1 ) into the flow path space  45 A( 1 ) and the flow path space  45 A( 2 ) that communicate with each other through a through-hole  451 A( 2 ). The fluid is suctioned into the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) through the through-hole  31 A( 1 ), and is suctioned into the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) through the through-hole  31 A( 2 ). The piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) discharge the suctioned fluid to the outside of the fluid control device  10 A( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 A( 2 ). Further, since the number of inlets for the fluid is one by using this configuration, it is possible to suppress turbulence in the space formed by the flow path space  45 A( 1 ) and the flow path space  45 A( 2 ) that communicate with each other through the through-hole  451 A( 2 ). 
     Sixth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 13A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the sixth embodiment,  FIG. 13B  is a side view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the sixth embodiment, and  FIG. 13C  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the sixth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 13B , and  FIG. 13C , a fluid control device  10 B according to the sixth embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in that the shape of a protrusion  26 B is different and a groove  27 B is included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 B are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     A housing  20 B of the fluid control device  10 B has a side wall  253 B and a side wall  254 B. The side wall  253 B includes the protrusion  26 B. The protrusion  26 B has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The side wall  254 B includes the groove  27 B. The groove  27 B has a shape opening in an outer surface of the side wall  254 B and in an outer surface of a side wall  256 B. The groove  27 B communicates with a through-hole  452 B. The groove  27 B has a shape into which the protrusion  26 B may be inserted and fit. 
     In a case where multiple fluid control devices  10 B each having the configuration above are used, the multiple fluid control devices  10 B are coupled to each other as follows.  FIG. 14A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the multiple fluid control devices,  FIG. 14B  is a side sectional view illustrating the coupling mode of the multiple fluid control devices, and  FIG. 14C  is a plan view illustrating a manner to couple the multiple fluid control devices to each other. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14A  and  FIG. 14B , a protrusion  26 B( 2 ) of a fluid control device  10 B( 2 ) is inserted and fit into a groove  27 B( 1 ) of a fluid control device  10 B( 1 ). With this, it is possible to realize a fluid control device in which the fluid control device  10 B( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 B( 2 ) are integrated. 
     In this integrated fluid control device, as illustrated in  FIG. 14C , the protrusion  26 B( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 B( 2 ) may be inserted and fit into the groove  27 B( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 B( 1 ) while being slid. That is, the protrusion  26 B( 2 ) is easily guided in a specific direction along the groove  27 B( 1 ). In this configuration, since the coupling area between the protrusion  26 B( 2 ) and the groove  27 B( 1 ) is large, it is possible to more reliably maintain a stable fixed state. Further, the cross section of a through-hole  451 B( 2 ) may be increased, and this makes it possible to suppress the rate-limiting factor for the conveyance of a fluid due to the through-hole  451 B( 2 ). 
     Seventh Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 15A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the seventh embodiment, and  FIG. 15B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the seventh embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 15A  and  FIG. 15B , a fluid control device  10 C according to the seventh embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in that a magnet  281 C and a magnet  282 C are included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 C are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The magnet  281 C is disposed at a protrusion  26 C of a housing  20 C of the fluid control device  10 C. The magnet  282 C is disposed on the side wall of a through-hole  452 C in a side wall  254 C of the housing  20 C. The magnet  281 C and the magnet  282 C have opposite polarities. 
     In the configuration above, when the protrusion  26 C of one fluid control device  10 C is inserted and fit into the through-hole  452 C of another fluid control device  10 C coupled to the one fluid control device  10 C, an attractive force is generated between the magnet  281 C and the magnet  282 C. With this, the fixed state of the two fluid control devices  10 C coupled to each other becomes stable. Further, since the magnet  281 C and the magnet  282 C attract each other at the time of coupling, two fluid control devices  10 C to be coupled may easily be coupled. 
     In the present embodiment, there is described a mode in which the magnet  281 C is disposed at the protrusion  26 C, and the magnet  282 C is disposed on the side wall of the through-hole  452 C. However, it is acceptable that one of those disposed at the protrusion  26 C and disposed on the side wall of the through-hole  452 C is a magnet, and the other is a magnetic body such as metal. That is, the present disclosure is not limited to a mode in which two magnets are used, but may have a configuration in which the protrusion  26 C and the side wall of the through-hole  452 C are attracted to each other and are fixed by a magnetic force. 
     Eighth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 16A  is a side view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the eighth embodiment, and  FIG. 16B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the eighth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B , a fluid control device  10 D according to the eighth embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in that the piezoelectric pump  902  is further included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 D are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The fluid control device  10 D includes a housing  20 D, the piezoelectric pump  901 , and the piezoelectric pump  902 . A main wall  251 D of the housing  20 D has a through-hole  31 D, and a main wall  252 D of the housing  20 D has a through-hole  61 D. 
     The piezoelectric pump  901  is installed on an outer surface of the main wall  251 D. In the installation, the piezoelectric pump  901  is disposed such that the suction port  911  communicates with the through-hole  31 D. The piezoelectric pump  902  is installed on an outer surface of the main wall  252 D. In the installation, the piezoelectric pump  902  is disposed such that the suction port  921  communicates with the through-hole  61 D. 
     As described above, the fluid control device  10 D is able to gain a flow rate with the piezoelectric pumps twice as many as the piezoelectric pump of the fluid control device  10 A. Although not illustrated, a piezoelectric pump may be disposed on at least one of two side walls other than a side wall  253 D and a side wall  254 D in the housing  20 D. 
     Ninth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 17A  is a first side view (first end surface view) illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the ninth embodiment,  FIG. 17B  is a plan view illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the ninth embodiment, and  FIG. 17C  is a second side view (second end surface view) illustrating the configuration of the fluid control device according to the ninth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 17A, 17B, and 17C , a fluid control device  10 E according to the ninth embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in that a conductor pattern  651 E and a conductor pattern  652 E are included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 E are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The conductor pattern  651 E and the conductor pattern  652 E are formed on a housing  20 E. More specifically, the conductor pattern  651 E and the conductor pattern  652 E are formed on a main wall  251 E of the housing  20 E. One ends of the conductor pattern  651 E and the conductor pattern  652 E reach a side wall  253 E, and the other ends reach a side wall  254 E. 
     The conductor pattern  651 E and the conductor pattern  652 E are electrically connected to the piezoelectric pump  901 . 
     In a case where multiple fluid control devices  10 E each having the configuration above are used, the multiple fluid control devices  10 E are coupled to each other as follows.  FIG. 18  is a plan view illustrating a coupling mode of multiple fluid control devices.  FIG. 19A  is a first side view of a driving unit, and  FIG. 19B  is a plan view of the driving unit. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 18 , when a fluid control device  10 E( 1 ) and a fluid control device  10 E( 2 ) are coupled to each other, a conductor pattern  651 E( 1 ) and a conductor pattern  651 E( 2 ) are coupled to each other with the portion formed on the side wall. Similarly, a conductor pattern  652 E( 1 ) and a conductor pattern  652 E( 2 ) are coupled to each other with the portion formed on the side wall. As described above, in the configuration of the present embodiment, the fluid control device  10 E( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ) may electrically be coupled to each other with ease. 
     Further, in this configuration, by including a driving unit  990  illustrated in  FIG. 19A  and  FIG. 19B , it is possible to easily supply a driving signal to the fluid control device  10 E( 1 ) and the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ). 
     The driving unit  990  includes a housing  29 E having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. One side wall of the housing  29 E includes a protrusion  290 E. The protrusion  290 E has a shape that may be inserted and fit into a through-hole  452 E. The driving unit  990  includes a driving circuit component  991 , a conductor pattern  2991 E, and a conductor pattern  2992 E. The driving circuit component  991  is disposed on one main surface of the housing  29 E. The conductor pattern  2991 E and the conductor pattern  2992 E are formed over the main surface on which the driving circuit component  991  is disposed and the side surface from which the protrusion  290 E protrudes. The conductor pattern  2991 E and the conductor pattern  2992 E are connected to the driving circuit component  991 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 18 , the driving unit  990  is disposed such that the protrusion  290 E is inserted and fit into a through-hole  452 E( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ). With this, the conductor pattern  2991 E of the driving unit  990  is coupled to the conductor pattern  651 E( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ). Similarly, the conductor pattern  2992 E of the driving unit  990  is coupled to the conductor pattern  652 E( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ). 
     With the configuration above, the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 E( 1 ) and the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 E( 2 ) may electrically be coupled to the driving circuit component  991  of the driving unit  990  with ease and reliability. 
     Tenth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a tenth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 20A  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the tenth embodiment, and  FIG. 20B  is a plan view illustrating a configuration of an integrated fluid control device using multiple fluid control devices according to the tenth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 20A , a fluid control device  10 F according to the tenth embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in that a through-hole  4521 F, a through-hole  4522 F, and a through-hole  4523 F are included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 F are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The through-hole  4521 F is formed in a side wall  254 F, the through-hole  4522 F is formed in a side wall  255 F, and the through-hole  4523 F is formed in a side wall  256 F. 
     With the configuration above, as illustrated in  FIG. 20B , multiple fluid control devices  10 F (multiple fluid control devices  10 F( 1 ) to  10 F( 9 )) may be coupled in a two-dimensional array. In the mode illustrated in  FIG. 20B , a fluid control device  10 F( 1 ), a fluid control device  10 F( 2 ), and a fluid control device  10 F( 3 ) are disposed in a row (first row) in terms of outer shape. A fluid control device  10 F( 4 ), a fluid control device  10 F( 5 ), and a fluid control device  10 F( 6 ) are disposed in a row (second row). A fluid control device  10 F( 7 ), a fluid control device  10 F( 8 ), and a fluid control device  10 F( 9 ) are disposed in a row (third row). 
     The multiple fluid control devices  10 F( 4 ) to  10 F( 6 ) in the second row and the multiple fluid control devices  10 F( 7 ) to  10 F( 9 ) in the third row are disposed to sandwich the multiple fluid control devices  10 F( 1 ) to  10 F( 3 ) in the first row. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 20B , the fluid control device  10 F( 1 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 F( 2 ), the fluid control device  10 F( 4 ), and the fluid control device  10 F( 7 ). In other words, the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 1 ) communicates with the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 2 ), the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 4 ), and the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 7 ). 
     The fluid control device  10 F( 2 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 F( 3 ), the fluid control device  10 F( 5 ), and the fluid control device  10 F( 8 ). In other words, the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 2 ) communicates with the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 3 ), the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 5 ), and the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 8 ). 
     Further, the fluid control device  10 F( 5 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 F( 6 ). In other words, the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 5 ) communicates with the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 6 ). Furthermore, the fluid control device  10 F( 8 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 F( 9 ). In other words, the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 8 ) communicates with the flow path space of the fluid control device  10 F( 9 ). 
     As described above, having the configuration of the fluid control device  10 F makes it possible to couple the multiple fluid control devices to each other in more various coupling modes. Accordingly, a wider variety of flow rates may be set. 
     Eleventh Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to an eleventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 21A  is a side sectional view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the eleventh embodiment,  FIG. 21B  is a diagram illustrating a flow of a fluid to/from the fluid control device according to the eleventh embodiment, and  FIG. 21C  is a diagram illustrating a flow of a fluid in a state where one piezoelectric pump is removed. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 21A ,  FIG. 21B , and  FIG. 21C , a fluid control device  10 G according to the eleventh embodiment is different from the fluid control device  10 D according to the eighth embodiment in that a check valve  291  and a check valve  292  are included. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 G are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 D, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     The check valve  291  is disposed at the position of a through-hole  31 G in a main wall  251 G of a housing  20 G. The check valve  291  allows a fluid flowing from a flow path space  45 G to the outside of the housing  20 G through the through-hole  31 G to pass through with low resistance, whereas the check valve  291  blocks a fluid flowing from the outside of the housing  20 G to the flow path space  45 G through the through-hole  31 G. 
     The check valve  292  is disposed at the position of a through-hole  61 G in a main wall  252 G of the housing  20 G. The check valve  292  allows a fluid flowing from the flow path space  45 G to the outside of the housing  20 G through the through-hole  61 G to pass through with low resistance, whereas the check valve  292  blocks a fluid flowing from the outside of the housing  20 G to the flow path space  45 G through the through-hole  61 G. 
     With the configuration above, as illustrated in  FIG. 21B , the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902  are disposed on the housing  20 G, and in a state where these pumps are driven, the fluid control device  10 G conveys a fluid from the flow path space  45 G to the outside of the housing  20 G. 
     Whereas, for example, as illustrated in  FIG. 21C , in a state where the piezoelectric pump  902  is not disposed on the housing  20 G, the fluid control device  10 G conveys a fluid from the flow path space  45 G to the outside of the housing  20 G using the piezoelectric pump  901  alone. At this time, since the through-hole  61 G is closed with the check valve  292 , a fluid does not flow back to the flow path space  45 G from the outside of the housing  20 G through the through-hole  61 G. 
     As described above, having the configuration of the fluid control device  10 G makes it possible to selectively dispose at least one of the piezoelectric pump  901  and the piezoelectric pump  902 . Further, the fluid control device  10 G may achieve efficient conveyance of a fluid depending on the mode of disposition. 
     Twelfth Embodiment 
     A fluid control device according to a twelfth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG. 22A  is a side sectional view illustrating a configuration of the fluid control device according to the twelfth embodiment, and  FIG. 22B  is a side sectional view illustrating the configuration of an integrated fluid control device using multiple fluid control devices according to the twelfth embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 22A  and  FIG. 22B , a fluid control device  10 H according to the twelfth embodiment differs from the fluid control device  10 A according to the third embodiment in the structure of a through-hole  452 H. The other configurations of the fluid control device  10 H are the same as those of the fluid control device  10 A, and the description of the same portions will be omitted. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 22A , in the fluid control device  10 H, the opening of the through-hole  452 H to the outside of a housing  20 H is shifted to a main wall  251 H side relative to the opening of the through-hole  452 H to communicate with a flow path space  45 H. 
     In the configuration above, as illustrated in  FIG. 22B , multiple fluid control devices  10 H (multiple fluid control devices  10 H( 1 ) to  10 H( 3 )) may be coupled on a curved line (on a polygonal line). In the example of  FIG. 21B , the fluid control device  10 H( 2 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 H( 1 ), and the fluid control device  10 H( 3 ) is coupled to the fluid control device  10 H( 2 ). Since a through-hole  452 H( 1 ), a through-hole  452 H( 2 ), and a through-hole  452 H( 3 ) are configured as described above, three directions below are not parallel to each other. The three directions are the direction in which a discharge port  912 ( 1 ) of a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ) of the fluid control device  10 H( 1 ) discharges a fluid, the direction in which a discharge port  912 ( 2 ) of a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ) of the fluid control device  10 H( 2 ) discharges a fluid, and the direction in which a discharge port  912 ( 3 ) of a piezoelectric pump  901 ( 3 ) of the fluid control device  10 H( 3 ) discharges a fluid. 
     With this, for example, the fluid discharge direction of the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 1 ), the fluid discharge direction of the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 2 ), and the fluid discharge direction of the piezoelectric pump  901 ( 3 ) may be concentrated to one point. 
     Further, for example, in a case where an object on which an integrated fluid control device is disposed is a wall having a non-planar shape such as a curved surface, the multiple fluid control devices may be disposed along the shape of the wall. With this, it is possible to realize an integrated fluid control device capable of supplying a flow rate that suits the shape of an object and is suitable to the object. 
     Note that the configurations of the embodiments described above can appropriately be combined. Further, it is possible to achieve an operational effect in accordance with each combination. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
     
         
         
           
               10 ,  10 A,  10 AR,  10 B,  10 C,  10 D,  10 E,  10 F,  10 G,  10 H FLUID CONTROL DEVICE 
               20  SUBSTRATE 
               20 A,  20 B,  20 C,  20 D,  20 E,  20 F,  20 G,  20 H HOUSING 
               21 ,  22  DIELECTRIC BASE MEMBER 
               26 A,  26 B,  26 C PROTRUSION 
               27 B GROOVE 
               29 E HOUSING 
               31 ,  31 A,  31 D,  31 G THROUGH-HOLE 
               41 ,  51  RECESS 
               45 A,  45 G,  45 H FLOW PATH SPACE 
               61 ,  61 D,  61 G THROUGH-HOLE 
               80  COUPLING MEMBER 
               81  BASE MEMBER 
               82  RECESS 
               89  PLUG MEMBER 
               210  CONNECTION AND FIXATION THROUGH-HOLE 
               211 ,  212 ,  221 ,  222  DIELECTRIC LAYER 
               220 ,  230  CONNECTION AND FIXATION THROUGH-HOLE 
               251 A,  251 D,  251 E,  251 G,  251 H,  252 A,  252 D,  252 G MAIN WALL 
               253 A,  253 B,  253 D,  253 E,  254 A,  254 B,  254 C,  254 D,  254 E,  254 F,  255 A,  255 F,  256 A,  256 B,  256 F SIDE WALL 
               281 C,  282 C MAGNET 
               290 E PROTRUSION 
               291 ,  292  CHECK VALVE 
               321 ,  322  CONDUCTOR PATTERN 
               411 ,  412  THROUGH-HOLE 
               421 ,  422  CONDUCTOR PATTERN 
               451 ,  451 A,  451 B,  452 ,  452 A,  452 B,  452 C,  452 E,  452 H,  511 ,  512  THROUGH-HOLE 
               521 ,  522 ,  531 ,  532 ,  621 ,  622 ,  651 E,  652 E CONDUCTOR PATTERN 
               811 ,  812  MAIN SURFACE 
               813 ,  814  SIDE SURFACE 
               821  FIRST PORTION 
               822  SECOND PORTION 
               823  THIRD PORTION 
               901 ,  902 ,  903 ,  904  PIEZOELECTRIC PUMP 
               911 ,  921  SUCTION PORT 
               912 ,  922  DISCHARGE PORT 
               990  DRIVING UNIT 
               991  DRIVING CIRCUIT COMPONENT 
               2103 ,  2104 ,  2203 ,  2204  END SURFACE 
               2111 ,  2112 ,  2121 ,  2122  MAIN SURFACE 
               2211 ,  2212 ,  2221 ,  2222  MAIN SURFACE 
               2991 E,  2992 E CONDUCTOR PATTERN 
               4521 F,  4522 F,  4523 F THROUGH-HOLE 
             VH 11 , VH 12 , VH 21 , VH 22  VIA CONDUCTOR