Patent Publication Number: US-2023144951-A1

Title: Photographing lens assembly, image capturing unit and electronic device

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional patent application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/744,424, filed on Jan. 16, 2020, which claims priority to Taiwan Application  108141586 , filed on Nov. 15, 2019, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a photographing lens assembly, an image capturing unit and an electronic device, more particularly to a photographing lens assembly and an image capturing unit applicable to an electronic device. 
     Description of Related Art 
     With the development of semiconductor manufacturing technology, the performance of image sensors has improved, and the pixel size thereof has been scaled down. Therefore, featuring high image quality becomes one of the indispensable features of an optical system nowadays. 
     Furthermore, due to the rapid changes in technology, electronic devices equipped with optical systems are trending towards multi-functionality for various applications, and therefore the functionality requirements for the optical systems have been increasing. However, it is difficult for a conventional optical system to obtain a balance among the requirements such as high image quality, low sensitivity, a proper aperture size, miniaturization and a desirable field of view. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a photographing lens assembly includes a total of eight lens elements. The eight lens elements are, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, a seventh lens element and an eighth lens element. 
     The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element has negative refractive power. The eighth lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. At least one lens element of the photographing lens assembly has at least one lens surface having at least one inflection point. 
     When a focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the first lens element is f1, a focal length of the third lens element is f3, a focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, a focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, a focal length of the sixth lens element is f6, a focal length of the eighth lens element is f8, a maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, an axial distance between an image-side surface of the eighth lens element and an image surface is BL, and a curvature radius of an object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, the following conditions are satisfied: 
       | f 1/ f 8|&lt;1.25; 
       0.45&lt;| f/f 3|+| f/f 4|+| f/f 5|+| f/f 6|&lt;1.50; 
       4.0&lt;ImgH/ BL&lt; 20.0; and 
         f 5/ R 9&lt;2.80. 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a photographing lens assembly includes a total of eight lens elements. The eight lens elements are, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, a seventh lens element and an eighth lens element. 
     The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element has negative refractive power. The eighth lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. At least one lens element of the photographing lens assembly has at least one lens surface having at least one inflection point. 
     When a focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the first lens element is f1, a focal length of the second lens element is f2, a focal length of the third lens element is f3, a focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, a focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, a focal length of the sixth lens element is f6, a focal length of the eighth lens element is f8, a maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, an axial distance between an image-side surface of the eighth lens element and an image surface is BL, and a curvature radius of an image-side surface of the sixth lens element is R12, the following conditions are satisfied: 
       | f 1/ f 8|&lt;1.60; 
       | f/f 3|+| f/f 4|+| f/f 5|+| f/f 6|&lt;1.65; 
       4.0&lt;ImgH/ BL&lt; 20.0; 
         f/f 2&lt;−0.45; and
 
       0≤ f/R 12.
 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an image capturing unit includes one of the aforementioned photographing lens assemblies and an image sensor, wherein the image sensor is disposed on the image surface of the photographing lens assembly. 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device includes the aforementioned image capturing unit. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure can be better understood by reading the following detailed description of the embodiments, with reference made to the accompanying drawings as follows: 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 1st embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 1st embodiment; 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 2nd embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  4    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 2nd embodiment; 
         FIG.  5    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 3rd embodiment; 
         FIG.  7    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 4th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  8    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 4th embodiment; 
         FIG.  9    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 5th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  10    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 5th embodiment; 
         FIG.  11    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 6th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  12    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 6th embodiment; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 7th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  14    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 7th embodiment; 
         FIG.  15    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 8th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  16    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 8th embodiment; 
         FIG.  17    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 9th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  18    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 9th embodiment; 
         FIG.  19    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 10th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  20    shows spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 10th embodiment; 
         FIG.  21    is a perspective view of an image capturing unit according to the 11th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  22    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 12th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  23    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 13th embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  24    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 14th embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  25    shows a schematic view of Y11, Yc71, Yc72 and Yc81, as well as several inflection points and critical points of the lens elements according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A photographing lens assembly includes a total of eight lens elements. The eight lens elements are, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element, a seventh lens element and an eighth lens element. 
     The first lens element has positive refractive power. Therefore, it is favorable for meeting the requirements such as compactness and a short total track length of the photographing lens assembly. The first lens element has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. Therefore, it is favorable for providing a sufficient field of view and further reducing the overall size of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The second lens element has negative refractive power. Therefore, it is favorable for balancing aberrations generated by the first lens element so as to correct spherical aberration and chromatic aberration. 
     The seventh lens element can have an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. Therefore, it is favorable for moving the principal point toward the object side so as to reduce the back focal length and total track length. 
     The eighth lens element with negative refractive power has an object-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof. Therefore, it is favorable for meeting the requirements of compactness and good aberration correction capability. 
     According to the present disclosure, at least one of an object-side surface and an image-side surface of at least one lens element of the photographing lens assembly has at least one inflection point. Therefore, it is favorable for increasing aberration correction capability so as to provide good image quality and compactness. Please refer to  FIG.  25   , which shows a schematic view of several inflection points P of the lens elements according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. The inflection points on an object-side surface and an image-side surface of the fifth lens element, an image-side surface of the sixth lens element, an object-side surface and the image-side surface of the seventh lens element, and the object-side surface and an image-side surface of the eighth lens element in  FIG.  25    are only exemplary. The aforementioned lens surfaces may also have more inflection points, and the other lens surfaces of the eight lens elements may also have one or more inflection points. 
     The image-side surface of the sixth lens element can have one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof, the object-side surface of the seventh lens element can have one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof, the image-side surface of the seventh lens element can have one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof, and the object-side surface of the eighth lens element can have one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. Therefore, it is favorable for correcting off-axis aberrations so as to increase peripheral image resolution. Please refer to  FIG.  25   , which shows a schematic view of several critical points C of the lens elements according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. The critical points on the image-side surface of the sixth lens element, the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the seventh lens element, and the object-side surface of the eighth lens element in  FIG.  25    are only exemplary. The other lens surfaces of the eight lens elements may also have one or more critical points. 
     When a focal length of the first lens element is f1, and a focal length of the eighth lens element is f8, the following condition is satisfied: |f1/f8|&lt;1.60. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient refractive power from the eighth lens element so as to miniaturize the photographing lens assembly with good image quality. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: |f1/f8|&lt;1.25. 
     When a focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the third lens element is f3, a focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, a focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, and a focal length of the sixth lens element is f6, the following condition is satisfied: |f/f3|+|f/f4|+|f/f5|+|f/f6|&lt;1.65. Therefore, it is favorable for preventing image overcorrections due to overly large differences among the refractive power of the lens elements and correcting ghosting due to excessive changes of the surface shapes of the lens elements. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 0.45&lt;|f/f3|+|f/f4|+|f/f5|+|f/f6|&lt;1.50. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 0.50&lt;|f/f3|+|f/f4|+|f/f5|+|f/f6|&lt;1.25. 
     When a maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly (half of a diagonal length of an effective photosensitive area of the image sensor) is ImgH, and an axial distance between the image-side surface of the eighth lens element and an image surface is BL, the following condition is satisfied: 4.0&lt;ImgH/BL&lt;20.0. Therefore, it is favorable for further reducing the back focal length of the photographing lens assembly and having better space utilization. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 6.0&lt;ImgH/BL&lt;12.0. 
     When the focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, and a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the fifth lens element is R9, the following condition can be satisfied: f5/R9&lt;2.80. Therefore, it is favorable for correcting aberrations with a proper surface shape and refractive power of the fifth lens element. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, and a focal length of the second lens element is f2, the following condition can be satisfied: f/f2&lt;−0.45. Therefore, it is favorable for the second lens element to correct various aberrations when in combination with the first lens element. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: −1.25&lt;f/f2&lt;−0.50. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, and a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the sixth lens element is R12, the following condition can be satisfied: −1.25&lt;f/R12. Therefore, it is favorable for preventing excessive refractive power of the sixth lens element due to overly curved surface shape thereof so as to better correct aberrations. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: −0.75&lt;f/R12&lt;3.0. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: −0.30&lt;f/R12&lt;2.50. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 0&lt;f/R12. 
     When a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the eighth lens element is R15, and a curvature radius of the image-side surface of the eighth lens element is R16, the following condition can be satisfied: (R15+R16)/(R15−R16)&lt;0.30. Therefore, the surface shape of the eighth lens element is favorable for achieving a short back focal length and large image height configuration. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: (R15+R16)/(R15−R16)&lt;0. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: (R15+R16)/(R15−R16)&lt;−0.25. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: −2.0&lt;(R15+R16)/(R15−R16)&lt;−0.50. 
     When a vertical distance between the concave critical point on the object-side surface of the seventh lens element and an optical axis is Yc71, and a vertical distance between the convex critical point on the image-side surface of the seventh lens element and the optical axis is Yc72, the following condition can be satisfied: 0.30&lt;Yc71/Yc72&lt;3.0. Therefore, it is favorable for correcting off-axis aberrations so as to increase peripheral image resolution while meeting the requirements such as compactness and a short total track length of the photographing lens assembly. Please refer to  FIG.  25   , which shows a schematic view of Yc71 and Yc72 according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     When an axial distance between the object-side surface of the first lens element and the image surface is TL, and the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, the following condition can be satisfied: 0.50&lt;TL/ImgH&lt;1.30. Therefore, it is favorable for balancing between compactness and manufacturability of the photographing lens assembly. 
     When an f-number of the photographing lens assembly is Fno, the following condition can be satisfied: 0.8&lt;Fno&lt;2.05. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient incident light so as to increase image resolution. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 0.8&lt;Fno&lt;2.0. 
     When the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, and a curvature radius of the object-side surface of the first lens element is R1, the following condition can be satisfied: 1.75&lt;ImgH/R1. Therefore, it is favorable for providing a large image height configuration. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 2.20&lt;ImgH/R1&lt;4.0. 
     When a sum of axial distances between each of all adjacent lens elements of the photographing lens assembly is ΣAT, and an axial distance between the seventh lens element and the eighth lens element is T78, the following condition can be satisfied: ΣAT/T78&lt;3.0. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient space between the seventh and eighth lens elements so as to have proper lens surface shapes of the seventh and eighth lens elements. 
     When an Abbe number of the first lens element is V1, an Abbe number of the second lens element is V2, an Abbe number of the third lens element is V3, an Abbe number of the fourth lens element is V4, an Abbe number of the fifth lens element is V5, an Abbe number of the sixth lens element is V6, an Abbe number of the seventh lens element is V7, an Abbe number of the eighth lens element is V8, an Abbe number of the i-th lens element is Vi, a refractive index of the first lens element is N1, a refractive index of the second lens element is N2, a refractive index of the third lens element is N3, a refractive index of the fourth lens element is N4, a refractive index of the fifth lens element is N5, a refractive index of the sixth lens element is N6, a refractive index of the seventh lens element is N7, a refractive index of the eighth lens element is N8, and a refractive index of the i-th lens element is Ni, at least one lens element of the photographing lens assembly can satisfy the following condition: 5.0&lt;Vi/Ni&lt;11.9, wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. Therefore, it is favorable for further correcting chromatic aberration. Moreover, at least two lens elements of the photographing lens assembly can satisfy the following condition: 5.0&lt;Vi/Ni&lt;11.9, wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. Moreover, at least one lens element of the photographing lens assembly can also satisfy the following condition: 6.0&lt;Vi/Ni&lt;11.0, wherein i=1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. 
     When the focal length of the first lens element is f1, the focal length of the second lens element is f2, the focal length of the third lens element is f3, the focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, the focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, the focal length of the sixth lens element is f6, and a focal length of the seventh lens element is f7, the following conditions can be satisfied: |f1/f2|&lt;1.0; |f1/f3|&lt;1.0; |f1/f4|&lt;1.0; |f1/f5|&lt;1.0; |f1/f6|&lt;1.0; and |f1/f7|&lt;1.0. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient refractive power of the first lens element so as to retrieve more peripheral light at the entrance pupil while achieving a large aperture. 
     When the focal length of the second lens element is f2, the focal length of the third lens element is f3, the focal length of the fourth lens element is f4, the focal length of the fifth lens element is f5, the focal length of the sixth lens element is f6, the focal length of the seventh lens element is f7, and the focal length of the eighth lens element is f8, the following conditions can be satisfied: |f8/f2|&lt;1.0; |f8/f3|&lt;1.0; |f8/f4|&lt;1.0; |f8/f5|&lt;1.0; |f8/f6|&lt;1.0; and |f8/f7|&lt;1.0. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient refractive power of the eighth lens element so as to reduce the size of the photographing lens assembly. 
     When a sum of central thicknesses of all lens elements of the photographing lens assembly is ΣCT, and the sum of axial distances between each of all adjacent lens elements of the photographing lens assembly is ΣAT, the following condition can be satisfied: 0.80&lt;ΣCT/ΣAT&lt;1.60. Therefore, it is favorable for improving the space utilization efficiency by avoiding overly small or large distances between each of all adjacent lens elements of the photographing lens assembly. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 0.90&lt;ΣCT/ΣAT&lt;1.50. 
     When the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, and a maximum effective radius of the object-side surface of the first lens element is Y11, the following condition can be satisfied: 2.5&lt;ImgH/Y11&lt;5.0. Therefore, it is favorable for providing a large image height configuration. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 2.50&lt;ImgH/Y11&lt;4.50. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 3.0&lt;ImgH/Y11&lt;4.50. Please refer to  FIG.  25   , which shows a schematic view of Y11 according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a curvature radius of an object-side surface of one lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ro, a curvature radius of an image-side surface of the lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ri, and the total number of lens elements satisfying the condition of f/|Ro|+f/|Ri|&lt;0.8 in the photographing lens assembly is NLR_80, the following condition can be satisfied: 1≤NLR_80. Therefore, it is favorable for preventing image overcorrections due to overly large differences among the refractive power of the lens elements and correcting image ghosting due to excessive changes of the surface shapes of the lens elements. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 2≤NLR_80. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 3≤NLR_80. Moreover, when the total number of lens elements satisfying the condition of f/|Ro|+f/|Ri|&lt;0.5 in the photographing lens assembly is NLR_50, the following condition can be satisfied: 1≤NLR_50. Moreover, the following condition can also be satisfied: 2≤NLR_50. 
     When a vertical distance between the convex critical point on the object-side surface of the eighth lens element and the optical axis is Yc81, and the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, the following condition can be satisfied: 0.20&lt;Yc81/ImgH&lt;0.80. Therefore, it is favorable for meeting the requirements such as compactness and a short total track length, and for increasing peripheral image resolution. Please refer to  FIG.  25   , which shows a schematic view of Yc81 according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     When an axial distance between the first lens element and the second lens element is T12, an axial distance between the second lens element and the third lens element is T23, an axial distance between the third lens element and the fourth lens element is T34, an axial distance between the fourth lens element and the fifth lens element is T45, an axial distance between the fifth lens element and the sixth lens element is T56, an axial distance between the sixth lens element and the seventh lens element is T67, and the axial distance between the seventh lens element and the eighth lens element is T78, the following conditions can be satisfied: 1.0&lt;T78/T12; 1.0&lt;T78/T23; 1.0&lt;T78/T34; 1.0&lt;T78/T45; 1.0&lt;T78/T56; and 1.0&lt;T78/T67. Therefore, it is favorable for providing sufficient space between the seventh and eighth lens elements so as to have proper lens surface shapes of the seventh and eighth lens elements. 
     When the total number of lens elements having an Abbe number smaller than 20 in the photographing lens assembly is V20, the following condition can be satisfied: 2≤V20. Therefore, it is favorable for further correcting chromatic aberration. Moreover, when the total number of lens elements having an Abbe number smaller than 40 in the photographing lens assembly is V40, the following condition can be satisfied: 4≤V40. 
     According to the present disclosure, the aforementioned features and conditions can be utilized in numerous combinations so as to achieve corresponding effects. 
     According to the present disclosure, the lens elements of the photographing lens assembly can be made of either glass or plastic material. When the lens elements are made of glass material, the refractive power distribution of the photographing lens assembly may be more flexible, and the influence on imaging caused by external environment temperature change may be reduced. The glass lens element can either be made by grinding or molding. When the lens elements are made of plastic material, the manufacturing costs can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, surfaces of each lens element can be arranged to be spherical or aspheric, wherein the former reduces manufacturing difficulty, and the latter allows more control variables for eliminating aberrations thereof, the required number of the lens elements can be reduced, and the total track length of the photographing lens assembly can be effectively shortened. Furthermore, the aspheric surfaces may be formed by plastic injection molding or glass molding. 
     According to the present disclosure, when a lens surface is aspheric, it means that the lens surface has an aspheric shape throughout its optically effective area, or a portion(s) thereof. 
     According to the present disclosure, one or more of the lens elements&#39; material may optionally include an additive which alters the lens elements&#39; transmittance in a specific range of wavelength for a reduction in unwanted stray light or colour deviation. For example, the additive may optionally filter out light in the wavelength range of 600 nm to 800 nm to reduce excessive red light and/or near infrared light; or may optionally filter out light in the wavelength range of 350 nm to 450 nm to reduce excessive blue light and/or near ultraviolet light from interfering the final image. The additive may be homogeneously mixed with a plastic material to be used in manufacturing a mixed-material lens element by injection molding. 
     According to the present disclosure, each of an object-side surface and an image-side surface has a paraxial region and an off-axis region. The paraxial region refers to the region of the surface where light rays travel close to the optical axis, and the off-axis region refers to the region of the surface away from the paraxial region. Particularly, unless otherwise stated, when the lens element has a convex surface, it indicates that the surface is convex in the paraxial region thereof; 
     when the lens element has a concave surface, it indicates that the surface is concave in the paraxial region thereof. Moreover, when a region of refractive power or focus of a lens element is not defined, it indicates that the region of refractive power or focus of the lens element is in the paraxial region thereof. 
     According to the present disclosure, an inflection point is a point on the surface of the lens element at which the surface changes from concave to convex, or vice versa. A critical point is a non-axial point of the lens surface where its tangent is perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     According to the present disclosure, the image surface of the photographing lens assembly, based on the corresponding image sensor, can be flat or curved, especially a curved surface being concave facing towards the object side of the photographing lens assembly. 
     According to the present disclosure, an image correction unit, such as a field flattener, can be optionally disposed between the lens element closest to the image side of the photographing lens assembly and the image surface for correction of aberrations such as field curvature. The optical properties of the image correction unit, such as curvature, thickness, index of refraction, position and surface shape (convex or concave surface with spherical, aspheric, diffractive or Fresnel types), can be adjusted according to the design of the image capturing unit. In general, a preferable image correction unit is, for example, a thin transparent element having a concave object-side surface and a planar image-side surface, and the thin transparent element is disposed near the image surface. 
     According to the present disclosure, the photographing lens assembly can include at least one stop, such as an aperture stop, a glare stop or a field stop. Said glare stop or said field stop is set for eliminating the stray light and thereby improving image quality thereof. 
     According to the present disclosure, an aperture stop can be configured as a front stop or a middle stop. A front stop disposed between an imaged object and the first lens element can provide a longer distance between an exit pupil of the photographing lens assembly and the image surface to produce a telecentric effect, and thereby improves the image-sensing efficiency of an image sensor (for example, CCD or CMOS). A middle stop disposed between the first lens element and the image surface is favorable for enlarging the viewing angle of the photographing lens assembly and thereby provides a wider field of view for the same. 
     According to the present disclosure, the photographing lens assembly can include an aperture control unit. The aperture control unit may be a mechanical component or a light modulator, which can control the size and shape of the aperture through electricity or electrical signals. The mechanical component can include a movable member, such as a blade assembly or a light baffle. The light modulator can include a shielding element, such as a filter, an electrochromic material or a liquid-crystal layer. The aperture control unit controls the amount of incident light or exposure time to enhance the capability of image quality adjustment. In addition, the aperture control unit can be the aperture stop of the present disclosure, which changes the f-number to obtain different image effects, such as the depth of field or lens speed. 
     According to the above description of the present disclosure, the following specific embodiments are provided for further explanation. 
     1st Embodiment 
       FIG.  1    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 1st embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  2    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 1st embodiment. In  FIG.  1   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  199 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  100 , a first lens element  110 , a second lens element  120 , a third lens element  130 , a stop  101 , a fourth lens element  140 , a fifth lens element  150 , a sixth lens element  160 , a seventh lens element  170 , an eighth lens element  180 , an IR-cut filter  190  and an image surface  195 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 110 ,  120 ,  130 ,  140 ,  150 ,  160 ,  170  and  180 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  110  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  111  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  112  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  110  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  111  and the image-side surface  112  being both aspheric. 
     The second lens element  120  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  121  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  122  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  120  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  121  and the image-side surface  122  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  122  of the second lens element  120  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  130  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  131  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  132  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  130  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  131  and the image-side surface  132  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  140  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  141  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  142  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  140  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  141  and the image-side surface  142  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  141  of the fourth lens element  140  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  142  of the fourth lens element  140  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  150  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  151  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  152  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  150  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  151  and the image-side surface  152  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  151  of the fifth lens element  150  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  160  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  161  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  162  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  160  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  161  and the image-side surface  162  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  161  of the sixth lens element  160  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  162  of the sixth lens element  160  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  162  of the sixth lens element  160  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  170  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  171  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  172  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  170  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  171  and the image-side surface  172  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  171  of the seventh lens element  170  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  172  of the seventh lens element  170  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  171  of the seventh lens element  170  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  172  of the seventh lens element  170  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  180  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  181  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  182  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  180  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  181  and the image-side surface  182  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  181  of the eighth lens element  180  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  182  of the eighth lens element  180  has at least one inflection point. 
     The IR-cut filter  190  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  180  and the image surface  195 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  199  is disposed on or near the image surface  195  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements of the 1st embodiment is expressed as follows: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 X 
                 ⁡ 
                 ( 
                 Y 
                 ) 
               
               = 
               
                 
                   
                     ( 
                     
                       
                         Y 
                         2 
                       
                       / 
                       R 
                     
                     ) 
                   
                   / 
                   
                     ( 
                     
                       1 
                       + 
                       
                         s 
                         ⁢ 
                         q 
                         ⁢ 
                         r 
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           t 
                           ⁡ 
                           ( 
                           
                             1 
                             - 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   1 
                                   + 
                                   k 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               × 
                               
                                 
                                   ( 
                                   
                                     Y 
                                     / 
                                     R 
                                   
                                   ) 
                                 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                           
                           ) 
                         
                       
                     
                     ) 
                   
                 
                 + 
                 
                   
                     ∑ 
                     i 
                   
                   
                     
                       ( 
                       Ai 
                       ) 
                     
                     × 
                     
                       ( 
                       
                         Y 
                         i 
                       
                       ) 
                     
                   
                 
               
             
             , 
           
         
       
     
     where, 
     X is the relative distance between a point on the aspheric surface spaced at a distance Y from an optical axis and the tangential plane at the aspheric surface vertex on the optical axis; 
     Y is the vertical distance from the point on the aspheric surface to the optical axis; 
     R is the curvature radius; 
     k is the conic coefficient; and 
     Ai is the i-th aspheric coefficient, and in the embodiments, i may be, but is not limited to, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20. 
     In the photographing lens assembly of the image capturing unit according to the 1st embodiment, when a focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, an f-number of the photographing lens assembly is Fno, and half of a maximum field of view of the photographing lens assembly is HFOV, these parameters have the following values: f=8.30 millimeters (mm), Fno=1.89, HFOV=42.9 degrees (deg.). 
     When a sum of central thicknesses of all lens elements of the photographing lens assembly is ΣCT, and a sum of axial distances between each of all adjacent lens elements of the photographing lens assembly is ΣAT, the following condition is satisfied: ΣCT/ΣAT=1.56. In this embodiment, an axial distance between two adjacent lens elements is an axial distance between two adjacent lens surfaces of the two adjacent lens elements; ΣCT is a sum of a central thickness CT1 of the first lens element  110 , a central thickness CT2 of the second lens element  120 , a central thickness CT3 of the third lens element  130 , a central thickness CT4 of the fourth lens element  140 , a central thickness CT5 of the fifth lens element  150 , a central thickness CT6 of the sixth lens element  160 , a central thickness CT7 of the seventh lens element  170  and a central thickness CT8 of the eighth lens element  180  (that is, ΣCT=CT1+CT2+CT3+CT4+CT5+CT6+CT7+CT8); in addition, an axial distance between the first lens element  110  and the second lens element  120  is T12, an axial distance between the second lens element  120  and the third lens element  130  is T23, an axial distance between the third lens element  130  and the fourth lens element  140  is T34, an axial distance between the fourth lens element  140  and the fifth lens element  150  is T45, an axial distance between the fifth lens element  150  and the sixth lens element  160  is T56, an axial distance between the sixth lens element  160  and the seventh lens element  170  is T67, and an axial distance between the seventh lens element  170  and the eighth lens element  180  is T78; and ΣAT is a sum of the axial distances between the first lens element  110  and the second lens element  120 , the second lens element  120  and the third lens element  130 , the third lens element  130  and the fourth lens element  140 , the fourth lens element  140  and the fifth lens element  150 , the fifth lens element  150  and the sixth lens element  160 , the sixth lens element  160  and the seventh lens element  170 , and the seventh lens element  170  and the eighth lens element  180  (that is, ΣAT=T12+T23+T34+T45+T56+T67+T78). Moreover, the following conditions are satisfied: T78/T12=13.87; T78/T23=2.53; T78/T34=1.40; T78/T45=2.27; T78/T56=0.82; T78/T67=1.57; and ΣAT/T78=4.48. 
     When a maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, and a maximum effective radius of the object-side surface  111  of the first lens element  110  is Y11, the following condition is satisfied: ImgH/Y11=3.61. 
     When a curvature radius of the object-side surface  181  of the eighth lens element  180  is R15, and a curvature radius of the image-side surface  182  of the eighth lens element  180  is R16, the following condition is satisfied: (R15+R16)/(R15−R16)=0.57. 
     When a focal length of the first lens element  110  is f1, and a focal length of the eighth lens element  180  is f8, the following condition is satisfied: |f1/f8|=0.66. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a focal length of the third lens element  130  is f3, a focal length of the fourth lens element  140  is f4, a focal length of the fifth lens element  150  is f5, and a focal length of the sixth lens element  160  is f6, the following condition is satisfied: |f/f3|+|f/f4|+|f/f5|+|f/f6|=0.66. 
     When the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, and an axial distance between the image-side surface  182  of the eighth lens element  180  and the image surface  195  is BL, the following condition is satisfied: ImgH/BL=7.22. 
     When the focal length of the first lens element  110  is f1, a focal length of the second lens element  120  is f2, the focal length of the third lens element  130  is f3, the focal length of the fourth lens element  140  is f4, the focal length of the fifth lens element  150  is f5, the focal length of the sixth lens element  160  is f6, and a focal length of the seventh lens element  170  is f7, the following conditions are satisfied: |f1/f2|=0.42; |f1/f3|=0.16; |f1/f4|=0.11; |f1/f5|=0.25; |f1/f6|=0.02; and |f1/f7|=0.02. 
     When the focal length of the fifth lens element  150  is f5, and a curvature radius of the object-side surface  151  of the fifth lens element  150  is R9, the following condition is satisfied: f5/R9=0.12. 
     When the focal length of the second lens element  120  is f2, the focal length of the third lens element  130  is f3, the focal length of the fourth lens element  140  is f4, the focal length of the fifth lens element  150  is f5, the focal length of the sixth lens element  160  is f6, the focal length of the seventh lens element  170  is f7, and the focal length of the eighth lens element  180  is f8, the following conditions are satisfied: |f8/f2|=0.64; |f8/f3|=0.24; |f8/f4|=0.17; |f8/f5|=0.38; |f8/f6|=0.04; and |f8/f7|=0.04. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, and the focal length of the second lens element  120  is f2, the following condition is satisfied: f/f2=−0.51. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, and a curvature radius of the image-side surface  162  of the sixth lens element  160  is R12, the following condition is satisfied: f/R12=0.40. 
     When an axial distance between the object-side surface  111  of the first lens element  110  and the image surface  195  is TL, and the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, the following condition is satisfied: TL/ImgH=1.20. 
     When the maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, and a curvature radius of the object-side surface  111  of the first lens element  110  is R1, the following condition is satisfied: ImgH/R1=2.69. 
     When an Abbe number of the first lens element  110  is V1, and a refractive index of the first lens element  110  is N1, the following condition is satisfied: V1/N1=36.30. 
     When an Abbe number of the second lens element  120  is V2, and a refractive index of the second lens element  120  is N2, the following condition is satisfied: V2/N2=13.01. 
     When an Abbe number of the third lens element  130  is V3, and a refractive index of the third lens element  130  is N3, the following condition is satisfied: V3/N3=36.30. 
     When an Abbe number of the fourth lens element  140  is V4, and a refractive index of the fourth lens element  140  is N4, the following condition is satisfied: V4/N4=11.65. 
     When an Abbe number of the fifth lens element  150  is V5, and a refractive index of the fifth lens element  150  is N5, the following condition is satisfied: V5/N5=36.30. 
     When an Abbe number of the sixth lens element  160  is V6, and a refractive index of the sixth lens element  160  is N6, the following condition is satisfied: V6/N6=16.57. 
     When an Abbe number of the seventh lens element  170  is V7, and a refractive index of the seventh lens element  170  is N7, the following condition is satisfied: V7/N7=23.91. 
     When an Abbe number of the eighth lens element  180  is V8, and a refractive index of the eighth lens element  180  is N8, the following condition is satisfied: V8/N8=36.46. 
     When the total number of lens elements having an Abbe number smaller than 20 in the photographing lens assembly is V20, the following condition is satisfied: V20=1. 
     When the total number of lens elements having an Abbe number smaller than 40 in the photographing lens assembly is V40, the following condition is satisfied: V40=4. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a curvature radius of an object-side surface of one lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ro, a curvature radius of an image-side surface of the lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ri, and the total number of lens elements satisfying the condition of f/|Ro|+f/|Ri|&lt;0.8 in the photographing lens assembly is NLR_80, the following condition is satisfied: NLR_80=3. 
     When the focal length of the photographing lens assembly is f, a curvature radius of an object-side surface of one lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ro, a curvature radius of an image-side surface of the lens element of the photographing lens assembly is Ri, and the total number of lens elements satisfying the condition of f/|Ro|+f/|Ri|&lt;0.5 in the photographing lens assembly is NLR_50, the following condition is satisfied: NLR_50=1. 
     When a vertical distance between the concave critical point on the object-side surface  171  of the seventh lens element  170  and the optical axis is Yc71, the following condition is satisfied: Yc71=1.34 [mm]. 
     When a vertical distance between the convex critical point on the image-side surface  172  of the seventh lens element  170  and the optical axis is Yc72, the following condition is satisfied: Yc72=1.60 [mm]. 
     When the vertical distance between the concave critical point on the object-side surface  171  of the seventh lens element  170  and the optical axis is Yc71, and the vertical distance between the convex critical point on the image-side surface  172  of the seventh lens element  170  and the optical axis is Yc72, the following condition is satisfied: Yc71/Yc72=0.83. 
     The detailed optical data of the 1st embodiment are shown in Table 1 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 2 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 1st Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 8.30 mm, Fno = 1.89, HFOV = 42.9 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.968 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.950 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.030 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 6.87 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 12.194 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.053 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 22.438 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.330 
                 Plastic 
                 1.650 
                 21.5 
                 −16.39 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 7.185 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.291 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 10.580 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.484 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 43.99 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 18.634 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.165 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.361 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 182.995 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.366 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −60.29 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 33.026 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.324 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 223.613 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.527 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 27.22 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 −15.876 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.894 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 23.606 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.614 
                 Plastic 
                 1.607 
                 26.6 
                 −278.20 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 20.508 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.468 
               
               
                 15 
                 Lens 7 
                 5.793 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.032 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 −275.96 
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 5.226 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.735 
               
               
                 17 
                 Lens 8 
                 −26.103 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.744 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −10.44 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 7.157 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.257 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.300 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.542 
               
               
                 21 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 101 (Surface 8) is 1.830 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  2.1614E−01 
                 −8.8782E+01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −4.6694E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −1.3079E−03 
                  4.0868E−03 
                 1.6476E−03 
                 4.2418E−03 
                 −2.5224E−03 
                 −6.5295E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  1.0874E−03 
                  3.7378E−03 
                 4.6173E−03 
                 −2.3841E−04  
                  3.1125E−03 
                 −2.0648E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −9.8956E−04 
                 −4.1068E−03 
                 −3.2778E−03  
                 2.3566E−03 
                 −4.4751E−03 
                  5.2499E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  4.5839E−04 
                  1.9725E−03 
                 1.3372E−03 
                 −1.5178E−03  
                  5.7002E−03 
                 −4.6741E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.2516E−04 
                 −4.4937E−04 
                 −2.3704E−04  
                 4.8746E−04 
                 −4.0715E−03 
                  2.4632E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.7846E−05 
                  4.9233E−05 
                 1.5098E−05 
                 −5.6333E−05  
                  1.7796E−03 
                 −7.1917E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.1158E−06 
                 −2.1254E−06 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −4.5441E−04 
                  1.0738E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  6.2818E−05 
                 −5.9356E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −3.6381E−06 
                 — 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  8.9692E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −2.3947E−02 
                 −2.3283E−02 
                 −8.1927E−03 
                 −6.7696E−03 
                 −1.7976E−05 
                 −8.3767E−03  
               
               
                 A6= 
                  2.3905E−05 
                  4.9268E−03 
                 −4.1975E−03 
                 −5.1438E−03 
                 −4.3424E−03 
                 6.9740E−04 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.3907E−03 
                 −9.3775E−03 
                  3.5489E−03 
                  3.9672E−03 
                  1.4155E−03 
                 −2.1023E−04  
               
               
                 A10= 
                  1.7772E−03 
                  9.7459E−03 
                 −1.6453E−03 
                 −1.7268E−03 
                 −4.3208E−04 
                 3.4915E−06 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.6648E−03 
                 −6.0473E−03 
                  4.2169E−04 
                  4.7396E−04 
                  8.3795E−05 
                 4.9336E−06 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  9.3665E−04 
                  2.2652E−03 
                 −5.5015E−05 
                 −8.1856E−05 
                 −9.6558E−06 
                 −6.5350E−07  
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −3.0754E−04 
                 −5.0013E−04 
                  2.2390E−06 
                  8.6427E−06 
                  6.0159E−07 
                 3.6133E−08 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  5.3987E−05 
                  5.9697E−05 
                  1.8969E−07 
                 −5.0769E−07 
                 −1.5294E−08 
                 −9.4316E−10  
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −3.9220E−06 
                 −2.9477E−06 
                 −1.5788E−08 
                  1.2613E−08 
                 — 
                 9.4880E−12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −2.4426E−01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −3.2977E−02 
                 −2.8751E−02 
                 −2.8779E−02 
                 −2.3564E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  4.3454E−03 
                  3.8943E−03 
                  4.6339E−03 
                  3.4148E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −7.0387E−04 
                 −6.9720E−04 
                 −4.5050E−04 
                 −3.1164E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  9.4410E−05 
                  1.0670E−04 
                  3.0085E−05 
                  1.7566E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −8.0999E−06 
                 −1.0733E−05 
                 −1.3906E−06 
                 −6.4331E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  4.3952E−07 
                  6.6881E−07 
                  4.2774E−08 
                  1.5865E−08 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −1.4964E−08 
                 −2.5028E−08 
                 −8.1314E−10 
                 −2.7000E−10 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                  2.9525E−10 
                  5.1607E−10 
                  8.4153E−12 
                  3.0388E−12 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 −2.5815E−12 
                 −4.5040E−12 
                 −3.5095E−14 
                 −1.7096E−14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In Table 1, the curvature radius, the thickness and the focal length are shown in millimeters (mm). Surface numbers 0-21 represent the surfaces sequentially arranged from the object side to the image side along the optical axis. In Table 2, k represents the conic coefficient of the equation of the aspheric surface profiles. A4-20 represent the aspheric coefficients ranging from the 4th order to the 20th order. The tables presented below for each embodiment are the corresponding schematic parameter and aberration curves, and the definitions of the tables are the same as Table 1 and Table 2 of the 1st embodiment. Therefore, an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     2nd Embodiment 
       FIG.  3    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 2nd embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  4    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 2nd embodiment. In  FIG.  3   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  299 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  200 , a first lens element  210 , a second lens element  220 , a third lens element  230 , a stop  201 , a fourth lens element  240 , a fifth lens element  250 , a sixth lens element  260 , a seventh lens element  270 , an eighth lens element  280 , an IR-cut filter  290  and an image surface  295 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 210 ,  220 ,  230 ,  240 ,  250 ,  260 ,  270  and  280 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  210  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  211  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  212  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  210  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  211  and the image-side surface  212  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  211  of the first lens element  210  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  212  of the first lens element  210  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  220  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  221  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  222  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  220  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  221  and the image-side surface  222  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  222  of the second lens element  220  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  230  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  231  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  232  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  230  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  231  and the image-side surface  232  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  232  of the third lens element  230  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fourth lens element  240  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  241  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  242  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  240  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  241  and the image-side surface  242  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  242  of the fourth lens element  240  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  250  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  251  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  252  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  250  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  251  and the image-side surface  252  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  251  of the fifth lens element  250  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  260  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  261  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  262  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  260  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  261  and the image-side surface  262  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  261  of the sixth lens element  260  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  262  of the sixth lens element  260  has at least one inflection point. 
     The seventh lens element  270  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  271  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  272  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  270  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  271  and the image-side surface  272  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  271  of the seventh lens element  270  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  272  of the seventh lens element  270  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  271  of the seventh lens element  270  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  272  of the seventh lens element  270  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  280  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  281  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  282  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  280  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  281  and the image-side surface  282  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  281  of the eighth lens element  280  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  282  of the eighth lens element  280  has at least one inflection point. 
     The IR-cut filter  290  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  280  and the image surface  295 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  299  is disposed on or near the image surface  295  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 2nd embodiment are shown in Table 3 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 4 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 2nd Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 8.51 mm, Fno = 2.02, HFOV = 42.6 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.860 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.960 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.954 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 6.52 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 15.850 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.084 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 59.615 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.330 
                 Plastic 
                 1.607 
                 26.6 
                 −12.28 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 6.616 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.322 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 11.357 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.610 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 18.78 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 −100.000 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.059 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.487 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 −15.224 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.360 
                 Plastic 
                 1.634 
                 23.8 
                 −30.31 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 −73.937 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.325 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 48.960 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.749 
                 Plastic 
                 1.551 
                 48.0 
                 44.68 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 −49.247 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.707 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 51.529 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.659 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 61.97 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 −109.393 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.459 
               
               
                 15 
                 Lens 7 
                 5.821 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.970 
                 Plastic 
                 1.607 
                 26.6 
                 −545.45 
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 5.360 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.932 
               
               
                 17 
                 Lens 8 
                 −5.013 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.740 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 −9.73 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 −99.650 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.257 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.300 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.473 
               
               
                 21 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 201 (Surface 8) is 1.800 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  2.1207E−01 
                 −9.0000E+01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −3.7794E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −8.7259E−04 
                  2.8109E−03 
                 2.1682E−03 
                 4.0024E−03 
                 −3.1564E−03 
                 −7.3961E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  1.0047E−03 
                  3.9159E−03 
                 4.5390E−03 
                 −4.2167E−06  
                  2.9629E−03 
                 −2.5717E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.0020E−03 
                 −4.0959E−03 
                 −3.2603E−03  
                 2.3495E−03 
                 −4.4226E−03 
                  5.1615E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  4.5934E−04 
                  1.9709E−03 
                 1.3385E−03 
                 −1.4973E−03  
                  5.7077E−03 
                 −4.6812E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.2421E−04 
                 −4.4965E−04 
                 −2.3829E−04  
                 4.9047E−04 
                 −4.0698E−03 
                  2.4675E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.7943E−05 
                  4.9048E−05 
                 1.5001E−05 
                 −5.9774E−05  
                  1.7789E−03 
                 −7.1879E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.2628E−06 
                 −2.1432E−06 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −4.5466E−04 
                  1.0713E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  6.2713E−05 
                 −6.0677E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −3.5983E−06 
                 — 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  8.2025E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −2.4591E−02 
                 −2.2168E−02 
                 −8.0586E−03 
                 −9.1311E−03 
                 −7.6822E−03 
                 −2.7241E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 −1.7884E−04 
                  5.0642E−03 
                 −3.7192E−03 
                 −4.7752E−03 
                 −5.2578E−04 
                  1.3092E−02 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.3276E−03 
                 −9.2983E−03 
                  3.4976E−03 
                  3.9340E−03 
                 −4.7806E−05 
                 −4.3296E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  1.7811E−03 
                  9.7469E−03 
                 −1.6670E−03 
                 −1.7371E−03 
                 −1.0894E−04 
                  8.0060E−04 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.6658E−03 
                 −6.0531E−03 
                  4.2032E−04 
                  4.7313E−04 
                  4.6349E−05 
                 −8.5989E−05 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  9.3563E−04 
                  2.2643E−03 
                 −5.4886E−05 
                 −8.1852E−05 
                 −7.4265E−06 
                  5.5554E−06 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −3.0824E−04 
                 −4.9996E−04 
                  2.2858E−06 
                  8.6558E−06 
                  5.4258E−07 
                 −2.1353E−07 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  5.3795E−05 
                  5.9752E−05 
                  1.9245E−07 
                 −5.0525E−07 
                 −1.4928E−08 
                  4.5030E−09 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −3.8777E−06 
                 −2.9548E−06 
                 −1.6035E−08 
                  1.2416E−08 
                 — 
                 −4.0096E−11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −3.0991E−01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −5.2472E−02 
                 −3.7193E−02 
                 −5.6693E−03 
                 3.3892E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  1.4805E−02 
                  7.6914E−03 
                 −1.5915E−03 
                 −1.6590E−03  
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −3.1255E−03 
                 −1.3904E−03 
                  5.3065E−04 
                 3.3192E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  3.8281E−04 
                  1.6240E−04 
                 −6.2007E−05 
                 −3.2272E−05  
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −2.5992E−05 
                 −1.1981E−05 
                  4.0163E−06 
                 1.8351E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  9.0985E−07 
                  5.6481E−07 
                 −1.5738E−07 
                 −6.4296E−08  
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −1.0812E−08 
                 −1.6652E−08 
                  3.7174E−09 
                 1.3642E−09 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                 −1.9548E−10 
                  2.8101E−10 
                 −4.8823E−11 
                 −1.6005E−11  
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                  4.9124E−12 
                 −2.0765E−12 
                  2.7423E−13 
                 7.9305E−14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 2nd embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the 1st embodiment with corresponding values for the 2nd embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 3 and Table 4 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 2nd Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 8.51 
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.02 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.32 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 42.6 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.59 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 11.10 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.02 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 2.89 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.69 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 1.71 
                 f/R12 
                 −0.08 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 2.87 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.23 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 1.32 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.68 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 2.03 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 3.62 
                 V2/N2 
                 16.57 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.76 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −1.11 
                 V4/N4 
                 14.59 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 0.67 
                 V5/N5 
                 30.95 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 1.06 
                 V6/N6 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 7.70 
                 V7/N7 
                 16.57 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.53 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.35 
                 V20 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.22 
                 V40 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.15 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.11 
                 NLR_50 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.01 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.18 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 0.91 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.51 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.79 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     3rd Embodiment 
       FIG.  5    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 3rd embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  6    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 3rd embodiment. In  FIG.  5   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  399 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  300 , a first lens element  310 , a second lens element  320 , a stop  301 , a third lens element  330 , a stop  302 , a fourth lens element  340 , a fifth lens element  350 , a sixth lens element  360 , a seventh lens element  370 , a stop  303 , an eighth lens element  380 , an IR-cut filter  390  and an image surface  395 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 310 ,  320 ,  330 ,  340 ,  350 ,  360 ,  370  and  380 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  310  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  311  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  312  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  310  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  311  and the image-side surface  312  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  312  of the first lens element  310  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  320  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  321  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  322  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  320  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  321  and the image-side surface  322  being both aspheric. 
     The third lens element  330  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  331  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  332  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  330  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  331  and the image-side surface  332  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  340  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  341  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  342  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  340  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  341  and the image-side surface  342  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  341  of the fourth lens element  340  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  342  of the fourth lens element  340  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  350  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  351  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  352  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  350  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  351  and the image-side surface  352  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  351  of the fifth lens element  350  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  352  of the fifth lens element  350  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  360  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  361  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  362  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  360  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  361  and the image-side surface  362  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  361  of the sixth lens element  360  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  362  of the sixth lens element  360  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  362  of the sixth lens element  360  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  370  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  371  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  372  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  370  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  371  and the image-side surface  372  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  371  of the seventh lens element  370  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  372  of the seventh lens element  370  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  371  of the seventh lens element  370  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  372  of the seventh lens element  370  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  380  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  381  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  382  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  380  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  381  and the image-side surface  382  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  381  of the eighth lens element  380  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  382  of the eighth lens element  380  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  381  of the eighth lens element  380  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  390  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  380  and the image surface  395 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  399  is disposed on or near the image surface  395  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     When a vertical distance between the convex critical point on the object-side surface  381  of the eighth lens element  380  and an optical axis is Yc81, the following condition is satisfied: Yc81=5.27 [mm]. 
     When the vertical distance between the convex critical point on the object-side surface  381  of the eighth lens element  380  and the optical axis is Yc81, and a maximum image height of the photographing lens assembly is ImgH, the following condition is satisfied: Yc81/ImgH=0.66. 
     The detailed optical data of the 3rd embodiment are shown in Table 5 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 6 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 3rd Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 9.22 mm, Fno = 2.04, HFOV = 40.1 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.953 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 3.099 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.021 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 7.91 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 9.755 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 8.883 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.340 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −16.11 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 4.794 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.710 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 6 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.353 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 Lens 3 
                 5.191 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.440 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 34.03 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 6.998 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.372 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.366 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 Lens 4 
                 61.843 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.418 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −64.40 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 25.325 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.109 
               
               
                 12 
                 Lens 5 
                 −159.622 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.429 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 30.78 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −15.170 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.970 
               
               
                 14 
                 Lens 6 
                 −15.795 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.470 
                 Plastic 
                 1.639 
                 23.5 
                 −24.70 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 9961.205 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.228 
               
               
                 16 
                 Lens 7 
                 4.223 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.696 
                 Plastic 
                 1.584 
                 28.2 
                 12.66 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 9.246 
                 (ASP) 
                 −1.188 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 18 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 2.891 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 Lens 8 
                 −5.906 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.720 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −7.65 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 13.793 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.500 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 21 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.210 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 22 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.589 
               
               
                 23 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 301 (Surface 6) is 2.010 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 302 (Surface 9) is 1.970 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 303 (Surface 18) is 4.360 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 7 
                 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −1.3284E−01 
                 −4.3090E+01 
                 −3.9469E+00 
                 3.9851E−03 
                 −1.2895E+01 
                 −1.0795E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                  6.1051E−04 
                  8.9546E−03 
                  4.7590E−03 
                 9.8948E−04 
                  4.2904E−03 
                 −5.2760E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  2.1216E−04 
                 −3.7600E−03 
                 −1.2099E−03 
                 2.2910E−03 
                 −8.0094E−04 
                  1.5579E−04 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −2.0701E−04 
                  7.7532E−04 
                  3.0634E−04 
                 −4.4951E−04  
                  5.0803E−04 
                  1.3132E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  1.1297E−04 
                  4.6691E−05 
                  8.3915E−05 
                 1.6498E−04 
                 −1.1788E−04 
                 −1.6913E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −3.5139E−05 
                 −4.1132E−05 
                 −2.1726E−05 
                 −1.8506E−05  
                  8.4528E−05 
                  1.3413E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  5.3866E−06 
                  5.5584E−06 
                 −2.0597E−07 
                 1.9411E−06 
                 −4.1139E−05 
                 −6.2385E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −3.4313E−07 
                 −2.5745E−07 
                  2.1143E−07 
                 −4.5331E−07  
                  1.4595E−05 
                  1.7354E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −2.8161E−06 
                 −2.6502E−05 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  2.2080E−07 
                  1.7220E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −9.0000E+01 
                 −9.0000E+01 
                 −7.6554E+01 
                 −8.3044E+00 
                 −2.9832E+00 
                 9.0000E+01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −1.4553E−02 
                 −1.6765E−02 
                 −1.5069E−02 
                 −8.8415E−03 
                  5.6602E−03 
                 −1.5860E−02  
               
               
                 A6= 
                  2.8718E−03 
                  2.6421E−03 
                  5.2500E−04 
                 −3.6469E−03 
                 −4.7773E−03 
                 1.1579E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −4.6939E−03 
                 −3.2677E−03 
                 −1.6777E−03 
                  2.6565E−03 
                  1.1370E−03 
                 2.9957E−04 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  3.5416E−03 
                  1.9332E−03 
                  1.7991E−03 
                 −1.3262E−03 
                 −1.5537E−04 
                 −1.1525E−04  
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.7959E−03 
                 −7.3705E−04 
                 −9.1455E−04 
                  5.1925E−04 
                 −1.5457E−05 
                 1.1118E−05 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  5.8491E−04 
                  1.7356E−04 
                  2.7921E−04 
                 −1.3640E−04 
                  8.4655E−06 
                 −1.8652E−07  
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.1855E−04 
                 −2.2559E−05 
                 −4.9967E−05 
                  2.2178E−05 
                 −1.2641E−06 
                 −1.8462E−08  
               
               
                 A18= 
                  1.3603E−05 
                  1.2134E−06 
                  4.8186E−06 
                 −1.9663E−06 
                  8.8414E−08 
                 5.9534E−10 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −6.8977E−07 
                 — 
                 −1.9487E−07 
                  7.1302E−08 
                 −2.3687E−09 
                 — 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 16 
                 17 
                 19 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −1.2278E+01 
                  1.4880E+00 
                 −7.2467E−01 
                 −9.0000E+01 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −9.7661E−03 
                 −1.1257E−03 
                 −1.0336E−02 
                 −9.8444E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                 −4.8588E−03 
                 −5.8625E−03 
                  1.4636E−03 
                  9.4188E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                  1.4214E−03 
                  1.5052E−03 
                 −8.4186E−05 
                 −5.0907E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                 −2.3288E−04 
                 −2.0931E−04 
                  2.3318E−06 
                  4.6621E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                  3.2465E−05 
                  1.7253E−05 
                  7.3009E−09 
                  1.1776E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                 −4.8191E−06 
                 −8.2770E−07 
                 −2.9020E−09 
                 −7.9290E−09 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                  5.1240E−07 
                  2.1293E−08 
                  9.8591E−11 
                  2.3754E−10 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                 −2.8072E−08 
                 −2.2677E−10 
                 −1.4993E−12 
                 −3.5144E−12 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                  5.9185E−10 
                 −1.6350E−14 
                  8.9789E−15 
                  2.0672E−14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 3rd embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, except for the Yc81 mentioned in this embodiment, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the 1st embodiment with corresponding values for the 3rd embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 5 and Table 6 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 3rd Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 9.22 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.12 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 2.04 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 40.1 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.31 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.09 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.60 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 42.58 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.57 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 4.77 
                 f/R12 
                 0.001 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 2.31 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.26 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 15.62 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.56 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 1.76 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 7.47 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.43 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.51 
                 V4/N4 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −0.40 
                 V5/N5 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 1.03 
                 V6/N6 
                 14.34 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 1.09 
                 V7/N7 
                 17.80 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 6.11 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.49 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.23 
                 V40 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.12 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.26 
                 NLR_50 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.32 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.51 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.62 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.61 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 −0.19 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.93 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.47 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.27 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.22 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     4th Embodiment 
       FIG.  7    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 4th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  8    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 4th embodiment. In  FIG.  7   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  499 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  400 , a first lens element  410 , a second lens element  420 , a third lens element  430 , a stop  401 , a fourth lens element  440 , a fifth lens element  450 , a sixth lens element  460 , a seventh lens element  470 , an eighth lens element  480 , an IR-cut filter  490  and an image surface  495 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 410 ,  420 ,  430 ,  440 ,  450 ,  460 ,  470  and  480 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  410  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  411  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  412  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  410  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  411  and the image-side surface  412  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  411  of the first lens element  410  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  412  of the first lens element  410  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  420  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  421  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  422  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  420  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  421  and the image-side surface  422  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  422  of the second lens element  420  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  430  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  431  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  432  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  430  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  431  and the image-side surface  432  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  440  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  441  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  442  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  440  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  441  and the image-side surface  442  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  441  of the fourth lens element  440  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  442  of the fourth lens element  440  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  450  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  451  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  452  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  450  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  451  and the image-side surface  452  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  451  of the fifth lens element  450  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  452  of the fifth lens element  450  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  460  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  461  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  462  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  460  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  461  and the image-side surface  462  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  461  of the sixth lens element  460  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  462  of the sixth lens element  460  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  462  of the sixth lens element  460  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  470  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  471  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  472  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  470  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  471  and the image-side surface  472  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  471  of the seventh lens element  470  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  472  of the seventh lens element  470  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  471  of the seventh lens element  470  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  472  of the seventh lens element  470  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  480  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  481  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  482  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  480  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  481  and the image-side surface  482  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  481  of the eighth lens element  480  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  482  of the eighth lens element  480  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  481  of the eighth lens element  480  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  490  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  480  and the image surface  495 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  499  is disposed on or near the image surface  495  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 4th embodiment are shown in Table 7 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 8 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 4th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 8.78 mm, Fno = 1.95, HFOV = 41.6 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −1.045 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.879 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.156 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 7.22 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 9.228 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 14.984 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.330 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −20.45 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 7.089 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.298 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 8.415 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.437 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 54.86 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 11.505 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.242 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.301 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 99.010 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.360 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −54.09 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 26.464 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.320 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 21.743 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.410 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 49.13 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 99.010 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.739 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 23.076 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.460 
                 Plastic 
                 1.614 
                 26.0 
                 132.44 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 31.980 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.564 
               
               
                 15 
                 Lens 7 
                 5.314 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.938 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 176.92 
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 5.253 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.030 
               
               
                 17 
                 Lens 8 
                 −5.523 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.819 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −9.77 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 99.010 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.400 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.300 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.316 
               
               
                 21 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line) 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 401 (Surface 8) is 1.795 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  1.4333E−01 
                 −8.9079E+01 
                 2.8768E+01 
                  4.9263E+00 
                 −3.5674E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −1.5877E−03 
                 −4.9261E−03 
                 −2.0840E−02  
                 −8.8828E−03 
                 −1.8244E−03 
                 −8.9703E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  1.3391E−03 
                  8.5371E−03 
                 2.0056E−02 
                  9.8981E−03 
                 −2.9158E−03 
                  3.0748E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.1368E−03 
                 −1.4315E−03 
                 −7.0535E−03  
                 −2.5982E−03 
                  7.8122E−03 
                 −5.1969E−04 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  5.1921E−04 
                 −1.2966E−03 
                 4.5236E−04 
                 −6.1108E−04 
                 −6.8389E−03 
                 −3.8645E−04 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.3925E−04 
                  7.1962E−04 
                 4.2239E−04 
                  6.1199E−04 
                  3.6039E−03 
                  6.6481E−04 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.9783E−05 
                 −1.3656E−04 
                 −1.1199E−04  
                 −1.2659E−04 
                 −1.1270E−03 
                 −3.1083E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.2517E−06 
                  9.0421E−06 
                 8.3811E−06 
                  7.3258E−06 
                  2.1745E−04 
                  6.7627E−05 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −2.4529E−05 
                 −5.4957E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  1.2604E−06 
                 — 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0805E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 2.8456E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −1.9739E−02 
                 −1.9521E−02 
                 −5.6213E−03 
                 −4.4183E−03 
                 5.2749E−04 
                 −5.5161E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 −7.1700E−03 
                  8.1571E−04 
                 −8.8414E−03 
                 −9.3285E−03 
                 −6.9913E−03  
                 −3.4727E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                  1.0574E−02 
                 −6.1733E−03 
                  5.7112E−03 
                  5.5692E−03 
                 1.2244E−03 
                  5.1944E−04 
               
               
                 A10= 
                 −1.0263E−02 
                  8.6060E−03 
                 −1.5663E−03 
                 −1.6769E−03 
                 −1.2148E−04  
                 −2.0535E−05 
               
               
                 A12= 
                  5.9590E−03 
                 −6.1184E−03 
                 −6.2335E−05 
                  2.4276E−04 
                 1.4127E−05 
                  3.1123E−06 
               
               
                 A14= 
                 −2.1146E−03 
                  2.4594E−03 
                  1.3805E−04 
                 −8.2014E−06 
                 −3.1528E−06  
                 −8.1421E−07 
               
               
                 A16= 
                  4.3764E−04 
                 −5.6436E−04 
                 −3.2494E−05 
                 −1.8732E−06 
                 3.8190E−07 
                  7.9160E−08 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 −4.6038E−05 
                  6.8883E−05 
                  3.2242E−06 
                  2.1595E−07 
                 −1.5420E−08  
                 −3.3984E−09 
               
               
                 A20= 
                  1.6037E−06 
                 −3.4511E−06 
                 −1.1963E−07 
                 −6.8235E−09 
                 — 
                  5.6052E−11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −2.1050E−01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −2.5345E−02 
                 −1.6039E−02 
                 −8.1335E−03 
                 −9.9771E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  7.4899E−04 
                 −5.6224E−04 
                 −6.4442E−04 
                 −4.1563E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −6.3532E−05 
                  3.4904E−04 
                  3.8824E−04 
                  2.3717E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  2.6827E−05 
                 −5.7048E−05 
                 −4.6977E−05 
                 −2.8496E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −3.0073E−06 
                  5.6062E−06 
                  2.8468E−06 
                  1.8470E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  1.5071E−07 
                 −3.5113E−07 
                 −9.8932E−08 
                 −7.2143E−08 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −3.6441E−09 
                  1.3272E−08 
                  2.0005E−09 
                  1.6856E−09 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                  3.5992E−11 
                 −2.7022E−10 
                 −2.1877E−11 
                 −2.1585E−11 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 −4.3429E−14 
                  2.2483E−12 
                  9.9628E−14 
                  1.1607E−13 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 4th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 4th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 7 and Table 8 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 4th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 8.78 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.18 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 1.95 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 41.6 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.07 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.38 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.06 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 17.17 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.43 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 3.46 
                 f/R12 
                 0.27 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 1.90 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.20 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 3.22 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.75 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 1.39 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 1.83 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 3.45 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.53 
                 V4/N4 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −0.89 
                 V5/N5 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 0.74 
                 V6/N6 
                 16.09 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 0.57 
                 V7/N7 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 7.81 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.35 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.13 
                 V40 
                 5 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.13 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.15 
                 NLR_50 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.05 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.45 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.04 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.87 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 2.26 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.48 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.40 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.18 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.68 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     5th Embodiment 
       FIG.  9    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 5th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  10    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 5th embodiment. In  FIG.  9   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  599 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  500 , a first lens element  510 , a second lens element  520 , a third lens element  530 , a stop  501 , a fourth lens element  540 , a fifth lens element  550 , a sixth lens element  560 , a stop  502 , a seventh lens element  570 , an eighth lens element  580 , an IR-cut filter  590  and an image surface  595 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 510 ,  520 ,  530 ,  540 ,  550 ,  560 ,  570  and  580 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  510  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  511  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  512  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  510  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  511  and the image-side surface  512  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  511  of the first lens element  510  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  512  of the first lens element  510  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  520  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  521  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  522  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  520  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  521  and the image-side surface  522  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  521  of the second lens element  520  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  522  of the second lens element  520  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  530  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  531  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  532  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  530  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  531  and the image-side surface  532  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  531  of the third lens element  530  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  532  of the third lens element  530  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fourth lens element  540  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  541  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  542  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  540  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  541  and the image-side surface  542  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  541  of the fourth lens element  540  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  542  of the fourth lens element  540  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  550  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  551  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  552  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  550  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  551  and the image-side surface  552  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  551  of the fifth lens element  550  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  552  of the fifth lens element  550  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  560  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  561  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  562  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  560  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  561  and the image-side surface  562  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  561  of the sixth lens element  560  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  562  of the sixth lens element  560  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  562  of the sixth lens element  560  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  570  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  571  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  572  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  570  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  571  and the image-side surface  572  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  571  of the seventh lens element  570  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  572  of the seventh lens element  570  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  571  of the seventh lens element  570  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  572  of the seventh lens element  570  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  580  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  581  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  582  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  580  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  581  and the image-side surface  582  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  581  of the eighth lens element  580  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  582  of the eighth lens element  580  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  581  of the eighth lens element  580  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  590  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  580  and the image surface  595 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  599  is disposed on or near the image surface  595  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 5th embodiment are shown in Table 9 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 10 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 5th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 6.61 mm, Fno = 1.40, HFOV = 40.0 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −1.166 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.795 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.283 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 5.93 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 17.356 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.133 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 −34.065 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.320 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.4 
                 −10.65 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 9.039 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.370 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 3.869 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.330 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.4 
                 72.10 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 4.062 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.191 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.054 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 19.811 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.395 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 25.99 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 −49.026 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.041 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 39.319 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.373 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 −346.25 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 32.420 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.536 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 9.032 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.438 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 −24.95 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 5.413 
                 (ASP) 
                 −0.433 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 15 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.690 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 16 
                 Lens 7 
                 2.584 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.499 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 7.47 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 6.613 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.076 
               
               
                 18 
                 Lens 8 
                 −15.433 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.541 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −5.25 
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 3.469 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.500 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 20 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.210 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 21 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.306 
               
               
                 22 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the image-side surface 522 (Surface 5) is 2.030 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 501 (Surface 8) is 1.910 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 502 (Surface 15) is 3.070 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −1.6341E−01 
                 −1.9233E+01 
                 −6.6861E+01 
                  1.1285E+01 
                 −1.8972E−01 
                 −4.7910E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                  3.2122E−04 
                 −1.8049E−02 
                 −3.0656E−02 
                 −3.5046E−02 
                 −3.5070E−02 
                 −2.6152E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 −1.2559E−04 
                  2.5859E−02 
                  6.1611E−02 
                  6.2573E−02 
                 −3.0714E−02 
                  1.2464E−02 
               
               
                 A8= 
                  6.8685E−04 
                 −2.5037E−02 
                 −6.1840E−02 
                 −6.3359E−02 
                  5.7010E−02 
                 −2.0897E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                 −5.6141E−04 
                  1.1715E−02 
                  3.4257E−02 
                  3.9718E−02 
                 −5.1008E−02 
                  1.4296E−02 
               
               
                 A12= 
                  1.8424E−04 
                 −2.5437E−03 
                 −1.0464E−02 
                 −1.5313E−02 
                  2.6183E−02 
                 −5.3187E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                 −2.6711E−05 
                  2.5339E−04 
                  1.7951E−03 
                  3.6568E−03 
                 −7.8852E−03 
                  1.3717E−03 
               
               
                 A16= 
                  1.3584E−06 
                 −9.3366E−06 
                 −1.5976E−04 
                 −5.2200E−04 
                  1.3609E−03 
                 −2.5769E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                  5.1864E−06 
                  3.9641E−05 
                 −1.2351E−04 
                  2.9877E−05 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                  6.1601E−08 
                 −1.1793E−06 
                  4.5360E−06 
                 −1.4986E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  3.3071E+01 
                 −4.2971E+01 
                 −2.2639E+00 
                 −1.9875E+01 
                  2.3480E−01 
                 −4.8317E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −7.1820E−02 
                 −1.3183E−01 
                 −4.5373E−02 
                  2.8089E−02 
                 −5.1145E−02 
                 −1.0960E−01 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  1.8996E−01 
                  2.8025E−01 
                  8.0514E−02 
                 −6.3269E−02 
                  5.8347E−02 
                  8.6681E−02 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −2.3125E−01 
                 −2.8143E−01 
                 −7.3704E−02 
                  5.2931E−02 
                 −4.9690E−02 
                 −5.3850E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  1.5892E−01 
                  1.7497E−01 
                  4.2032E−02 
                 −2.8045E−02 
                  2.6085E−02 
                  2.3058E−02 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −6.7096E−02 
                 −7.0333E−02 
                 −1.4683E−02 
                  9.9748E−03 
                 −8.8299E−03 
                 −6.5656E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.7705E−02 
                  1.8101E−02 
                  2.9414E−03 
                 −2.3568E−03 
                  1.8810E−03 
                  1.1896E−03 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −2.8253E−03 
                 −2.8843E−03 
                 −2.9705E−04 
                  3.5341E−04 
                 −2.4303E−04 
                 −1.2996E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  2.4721E−04 
                  2.6115E−04 
                  9.4492E−06 
                 −3.0152E−05 
                  1.7337E−05 
                  7.7537E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −9.0389E−06 
                 −1.0339E−05 
                  2.9435E−07 
                  1.1004E−06 
                 −5.1848E−07 
                 −1.9338E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
                 19 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −7.5549E−01 
                 −3.6826E+01 
                  7.0844E−01 
                 −1.1066E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −3.7576E−02 
                  5.4137E−02 
                 −6.9063E−02 
                 −7.3722E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  3.4691E−03 
                 −4.1244E−02 
                  1.2782E−02 
                  1.7020E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −4.0132E−03 
                  1.4315E−02 
                 −7.3645E−04 
                 −2.6941E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  2.0578E−03 
                 −3.2005E−03 
                 −7.8002E−05 
                  2.8185E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −5.5893E−04 
                  4.6738E−04 
                  1.8992E−05 
                 −1.8736E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  8.4560E−05 
                 −4.3892E−05 
                 −1.7053E−06 
                  7.1320E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −7.0788E−06 
                  2.5461E−06 
                  8.2233E−08 
                 −1.1464E−08 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                  3.0695E−07 
                 −8.2707E−08 
                 −2.0908E−09 
                 −6.8554E−11 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 −5.3916E−09 
                  1.1460E−09 
                  2.1923E−11 
                  3.2080E−12 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 5th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 5th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 9 and Table 10 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 5th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 6.61 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 1.40 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.02 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 40.0 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.21 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.64 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.70 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 8.09 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.62 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 2.91 
                 f/R12 
                 1.22 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 7.85 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.37 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 26.24 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.02 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 2.01 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 4.19 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.37 
                 V3/N3 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 2.39 
                 V4/N4 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 0.63 
                 V5/N5 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 1.13 
                 V6/N6 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 0.63 
                 V7/N7 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 5.56 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.56 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.08 
                 V40 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.23 
                 NLR_80 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.02 
                 NLR_50 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.24 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.66 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.79 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.73 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 −8.81 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.96 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.49 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 3.84 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.07 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.68 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     6th Embodiment 
       FIG.  11    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 6th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  12    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 6th embodiment. In  FIG.  11   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  699 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  600 , a first lens element  610 , a second lens element  620 , a third lens element  630 , a stop  601 , a fourth lens element  640 , a fifth lens element  650 , a sixth lens element  660 , a seventh lens element  670 , an eighth lens element  680 , an IR-cut filter  690  and an image surface  695 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 610 ,  620 ,  630 ,  640 ,  650 ,  660 ,  670  and  680 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  610  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  611  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  612  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  610  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  611  and the image-side surface  612  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  611  of the first lens element  610  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  620  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  621  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  622  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  620  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  621  and the image-side surface  622  being both aspheric. 
     The third lens element  630  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  631  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  632  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  630  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  631  and the image-side surface  632  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  640  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  641  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  642  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  640  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  641  and the image-side surface  642  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  641  of the fourth lens element  640  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  642  of the fourth lens element  640  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  650  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  651  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  652  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  650  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  651  and the image-side surface  652  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  651  of the fifth lens element  650  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  652  of the fifth lens element  650  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  660  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  661  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  662  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  660  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  661  and the image-side surface  662  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  661  of the sixth lens element  660  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  662  of the sixth lens element  660  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  662  of the sixth lens element  660  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  670  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  671  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  672  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  670  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  671  and the image-side surface  672  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  671  of the seventh lens element  670  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  672  of the seventh lens element  670  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  671  of the seventh lens element  670  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  672  of the seventh lens element  670  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  680  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  681  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  682  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  680  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  681  and the image-side surface  682  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  681  of the eighth lens element  680  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  682  of the eighth lens element  680  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  681  of the eighth lens element  680  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  690  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  680  and the image surface  695 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  699  is disposed on or near the image surface  695  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 6th embodiment are shown in Table 11 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 12 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 6th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 8.81 mm, Fno = 1.95, HFOV = 41.5 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −1.005 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.965 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.125 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 7.19 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 10.548 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.036 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 8.395 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.320 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −16.62 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 4.711 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.313 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 8.429 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.391 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 58.24 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 11.296 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.219 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.316 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 32.317 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.350 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −51.72 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 16.638 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.156 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 −39.288 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.398 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 44.14 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 −15.328 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.951 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 7.731 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.450 
                 Plastic 
                 1.614 
                 26.0 
                 −217.28 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 7.146 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.592 
               
               
                 16 
                 Lens 7 
                 5.450 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.570 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 14.04 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 16.695 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.428 
               
               
                 18 
                 Lens 8 
                 −3.915 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.700 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −6.62 
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 38.321 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.257 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 20 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.300 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 21 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.621 
               
               
                 22 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 601 (Surface 8) is 1.805 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  5.7480E−02 
                 −8.3952E+01 
                  3.0541E+00 
                 −1.4162E−02 
                 −3.0590E+01  
                 9.9139E−01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −1.5347E−04 
                  2.8235E−03 
                 −7.5420E−03 
                 −1.7368E−03 
                 2.1127E−04 
                 −6.9651E−03  
               
               
                 A6= 
                  1.2457E−04 
                  3.3129E−03 
                  8.2228E−03 
                  4.2824E−03 
                 6.1184E−04 
                 2.0502E−04 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.4240E−04 
                 −3.2230E−03 
                 −5.0444E−03 
                 −1.7486E−03 
                 7.0183E−04 
                 4.4877E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  6.5063E−05 
                  1.5163E−03 
                  2.1305E−03 
                  7.6327E−04 
                 −2.8298E−04  
                 −6.2691E−03  
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −2.2077E−05 
                 −3.7641E−04 
                 −4.9878E−04 
                 −1.6663E−04 
                 1.9368E−04 
                 5.2950E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  3.7984E−06 
                  4.7454E−05 
                  5.9079E−05 
                  2.7061E−05 
                 −6.4185E−05  
                 −2.6645E−03  
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −3.1043E−07 
                 −2.4133E−06 
                 −2.6775E−06 
                 −2.9945E−06 
                 1.7636E−05 
                 8.0162E−04 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −3.4668E−06  
                 −1.3315E−04  
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 3.1101E−07 
                 9.4790E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  9.0000E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 −9.0000E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  2.9451E+00 
                 −5.6127E+01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −2.0104E−02 
                 −2.2831E−02 
                 −2.5984E−02 
                 −2.4380E−02 
                 −2.7781E−02 
                 −1.7162E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  4.2632E−03 
                  9.1154E−03 
                  6.9128E−03 
                  6.3782E−03 
                  8.8566E−03 
                  3.3145E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −9.2762E−03 
                 −1.1372E−02 
                 −2.9076E−03 
                 −3.6656E−03 
                 −4.4466E−03 
                 −1.1206E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  9.3540E−03 
                  8.0099E−03 
                 −3.9750E−04 
                  1.5808E−03 
                  1.5724E−03 
                  2.9197E−04 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −5.9223E−03 
                 −3.7385E−03 
                  9.6375E−04 
                 −4.1180E−04 
                 −4.0367E−04 
                 −6.2062E−05 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  2.3461E−03 
                  1.1647E−03 
                 −3.6688E−04 
                  8.1184E−05 
                  6.8701E−05 
                  8.8767E−06 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −5.6987E−04 
                 −2.3129E−04 
                  6.6792E−05 
                 −1.1149E−05 
                 −7.2067E−06 
                 −7.3808E−07 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  7.6615E−05 
                  2.6170E−05 
                 −6.2626E−06 
                  8.4547E−07 
                  4.1837E−07 
                  3.2073E−08 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −4.3031E−06 
                 −1.2594E−06 
                  2.4378E−07 
                 −2.5600E−08 
                 −1.0181E−08 
                 −5.6345E−10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −8.1102E+00 
                 1.2533E+01 
                 −6.4915E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −1.1014E−02 
                 1.9256E−03 
                  3.1295E−03 
                 −5.3128E−03  
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                 −1.9661E−03 
                 −5.1217E−03  
                 −9.8576E−04 
                 1.6036E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                  1.0465E−04 
                 9.7921E−04 
                  2.3230E−04 
                 3.6832E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  1.0659E−04 
                 −8.5796E−05  
                 −2.3017E−05 
                 −6.8226E−06  
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −2.7895E−05 
                 1.9279E−06 
                  1.2617E−06 
                 5.3289E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  3.1582E−06 
                 2.8783E−07 
                 −4.1355E−08 
                 −2.2847E−08  
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −1.8579E−07 
                 −2.8074E−08  
                  8.0975E−10 
                 5.5453E−10 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                  5.5563E−09 
                 1.0319E−09 
                 −8.7475E−12 
                 −7.1206E−12  
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 −6.6990E−11 
                 −1.4266E−11  
                  4.0071E−14 
                 3.7505E−14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 6th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 6th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 11 and Table 12 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 6th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 8.81 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 1.95 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.15 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 41.5 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.03 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.07 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 39.67 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.53 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 4.56 
                 f/R12 
                 1.23 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 2.67 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.20 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 9.15 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.67 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 1.50 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 2.41 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.81 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.51 
                 V4/N4 
                 11.65 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −0.81 
                 V5/N5 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 1.09 
                 V6/N6 
                 16.09 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 0.56 
                 V7/N7 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 6.73 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.43 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.12 
                 V40 
                 5 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.14 
                 NLR_80 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.16 
                 NLR_50 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.03 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.55 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.51 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.46 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 −1.12 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 1.06 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.40 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.45 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.11 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     7th Embodiment 
       FIG.  13    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 7th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  14    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 7th embodiment. In  FIG.  13   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  799 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  700 , a first lens element  710 , a second lens element  720 , a third lens element  730 , a fourth lens element  740 , a fifth lens element  750 , a sixth lens element  760 , a seventh lens element  770 , an eighth lens element  780 , an IR-cut filter  790  and an image surface  795 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 710 ,  720 ,  730 ,  740 ,  750 ,  760 ,  770  and  780 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  710  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  711  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  712  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  710  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  711  and the image-side surface  712  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  712  of the first lens element  710  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  720  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  721  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  722  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  720  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  721  and the image-side surface  722  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  721  of the second lens element  720  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  730  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  731  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  732  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  730  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  731  and the image-side surface  732  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  731  of the third lens element  730  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  732  of the third lens element  730  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fourth lens element  740  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  741  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  742  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  740  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  741  and the image-side surface  742  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  741  of the fourth lens element  740  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  750  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  751  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  752  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  750  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  751  and the image-side surface  752  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  751  of the fifth lens element  750  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  752  of the fifth lens element  750  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  760  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  761  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  762  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  760  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  761  and the image-side surface  762  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  761  of the sixth lens element  760  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  762  of the sixth lens element  760  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  762  of the sixth lens element  760  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  770  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  771  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  772  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  770  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  771  and the image-side surface  772  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  771  of the seventh lens element  770  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  772  of the seventh lens element  770  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  771  of the seventh lens element  770  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  772  of the seventh lens element  770  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  780  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  781  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  782  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  780  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  781  and the image-side surface  782  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  781  of the eighth lens element  780  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  782  of the eighth lens element  780  has at least one inflection point. 
     The IR-cut filter  790  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  780  and the image surface  795 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  799  is disposed on or near the image surface  795  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 7th embodiment are shown in Table 13 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 14 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 7th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 6.05 mm, Fno = 1.68, HFOV = 42.0 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.662 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.848 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.889 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 6.26 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 15.522 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.050 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 8.291 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.280 
                 Plastic 
                 1.639 
                 23.5 
                 −18.43 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 4.800 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.621 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 13.910 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.307 
                 Plastic 
                 1.639 
                 23.5 
                 −19.63 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 6.536 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.076 
               
               
                 8 
                 Lens 4 
                 15.313 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.551 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 17.64 
               
               
                 9 
                   
                 −25.352 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 10 
                 Lens 5 
                 −31.159 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.548 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 530.13 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 −28.293 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.486 
               
               
                 12 
                 Lens 6 
                 4.982 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.527 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 −17.71 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 3.161 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.222 
               
               
                 14 
                 Lens 7 
                 2.589 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.637 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 4.65 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 −97.439 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.989 
               
               
                 16 
                 Lens 8 
                 −17.070 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.540 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 55.9 
                 −4.41 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 2.820 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.600 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 18 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.210 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 19 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.314 
               
               
                 20 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the object-side surface 771 (Surface 14) is 2.920 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −4.3247E−02 
                 −2.9488E+01 
                 −3.1493E+00 
                  1.5479E+00 
                 −9.8639E+01 
                 −1.7126E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −7.2354E−04 
                 −6.1645E−02 
                 −8.5724E−02 
                 −3.7931E−02 
                 −4.2235E−02 
                 −4.1547E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  5.1876E−03 
                  8.0348E−02 
                  1.0117E−01 
                  3.4302E−02 
                  1.1058E−02 
                  1.3798E−02 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −5.4198E−03 
                 −5.9195E−02 
                 −7.1311E−02 
                 −2.1600E−02 
                 −9.8184E−03 
                 −1.4085E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  3.4689E−03 
                  2.8368E−02 
                  3.2983E−02 
                  9.3534E−03 
                  6.2085E−03 
                  1.0516E−02 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.2455E−03 
                 −8.6436E−03 
                 −9.7300E−03 
                 −2.7984E−03 
                 −2.7860E−03 
                 −4.1140E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  2.4248E−04 
                  1.4993E−03 
                  1.6503E−03 
                  5.2426E−04 
                  7.2191E−04 
                  8.1978E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −2.0632E−05 
                 −1.1146E−04 
                 −1.1864E−04 
                 −4.2042E−05 
                 −7.7402E−05 
                 −6.4324E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 8 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −3.5832E−02 
                 5.0000E+01 
                 −2.7186E+01 
                  2.5560E+01 
                 −6.2160E+01 
                 −9.1461E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −9.2127E−03 
                 3.7310E−02 
                  3.4949E−02 
                 −1.2667E−02 
                 −1.5085E−02 
                 −1.0569E−01 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  5.9744E−03 
                 −5.0900E−02  
                 −3.7140E−02 
                  5.8655E−03 
                  8.1691E−03 
                  5.3257E−02 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.3299E−02 
                 2.3748E−02 
                 −4.7288E−04 
                 −1.1612E−02 
                 −2.0117E−03 
                 −1.9800E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  1.1441E−02 
                 5.2849E−04 
                  2.1200E−02 
                  8.8996E−03 
                 −2.2742E−03 
                  4.0318E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −4.4620E−03 
                 −5.2292E−03  
                 −1.5283E−02 
                 −3.6532E−03 
                  1.7697E−03 
                 −1.8531E−04 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  7.6688E−04 
                 2.2881E−03 
                  5.2335E−03 
                  8.8272E−04 
                 −5.8479E−04 
                 −1.1134E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.7547E−05 
                 −4.5642E−04  
                 −9.7394E−04 
                 −1.2761E−04 
                  1.0420E−04 
                  2.7532E−05 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 −9.8805E−06 
                 4.4103E−05 
                  9.4856E−05 
                  1.0436E−05 
                 −9.7644E−06 
                 −2.6358E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                  8.0523E−07 
                 −1.6468E−06  
                 −3.7998E−06 
                 −3.7250E−07 
                  3.7844E−07 
                  9.4157E−08 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −6.8559E−01 
                 −6.4714E+01 
                 −6.5972E+01 
                 −1.2685E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −3.2981E−02 
                  6.7871E−02 
                 −4.3748E−02 
                 −5.9563E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  4.3990E−03 
                 −2.1938E−02 
                  3.9086E−03 
                  1.3345E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −8.8376E−04 
                  1.9648E−03 
                  7.3118E−04 
                 −2.3296E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                 −8.3132E−04 
                  2.9896E−04 
                 −1.7980E−04 
                  2.8396E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                  3.9909E−04 
                 −1.0507E−04 
                  1.7026E−05 
                 −2.3279E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                 −7.6983E−05 
                  1.3501E−05 
                 −9.1195E−07 
                  1.2609E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                  7.7080E−06 
                 −9.3576E−07 
                  2.9668E−08 
                 −4.3376E−08 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                 −3.9063E−07 
                  3.4397E−08 
                 −5.6168E−10 
                  8.5886E−10 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                  7.8560E−09 
                 −5.2416E−10 
                  4.8409E−12 
                 −7.4463E−12 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 7th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 7th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 13 and Table 14 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 7th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 6.05 
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 1.68 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 42.0 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.01 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.71 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 19.78 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.95 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 1.59 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.33 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 13.01 
                 f/R12 
                 1.91 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 17.98 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.40 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 2.03 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 1.98 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 4.45 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.53 
                 V2/N2 
                 14.34 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.12 
                 V3/N3 
                 14.34 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 0.72 
                 V4/N4 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 1.42 
                 V5/N5 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 1.00 
                 V6/N6 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 5.02 
                 V7/N7 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.34 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.23 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.32 
                 V20 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.35 
                 V40 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.01 
                 NLR_80 
                 2 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.35 
                 NLR_50 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 1.35 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.73 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 −17.01 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 2.06 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.24 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     8th Embodiment 
       FIG.  15    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 8th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  16    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 8th embodiment. In  FIG.  15   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  899 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  800 , a first lens element  810 , a second lens element  820 , a third lens element  830 , a stop  801 , a fourth lens element  840 , a fifth lens element  850 , a sixth lens element  860 , a seventh lens element  870 , an eighth lens element  880 , an IR-cut filter  890  and an image surface  895 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 810 ,  820 ,  830 ,  840 ,  850 ,  860 ,  870  and  880 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  810  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  811  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  812  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  810  is made of glass material and has the object-side surface  811  and the image-side surface  812  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  812  of the first lens element  810  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  820  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  821  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  822  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  820  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  821  and the image-side surface  822  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  821  of the second lens element  820  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  822  of the second lens element  820  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  830  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  831  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  832  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  830  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  831  and the image-side surface  832  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  832  of the third lens element  830  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fourth lens element  840  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  841  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  842  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  840  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  841  and the image-side surface  842  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  842  of the fourth lens element  840  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  850  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  851  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  852  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  850  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  851  and the image-side surface  852  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  851  of the fifth lens element  850  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  852  of the fifth lens element  850  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  860  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  861  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  862  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  860  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  861  and the image-side surface  862  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  861  of the sixth lens element  860  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  862  of the sixth lens element  860  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  862  of the sixth lens element  860  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The seventh lens element  870  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  871  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  872  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  870  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  871  and the image-side surface  872  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  871  of the seventh lens element  870  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  872  of the seventh lens element  870  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  871  of the seventh lens element  870  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  872  of the seventh lens element  870  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  880  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  881  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  882  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  880  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  881  and the image-side surface  882  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  881  of the eighth lens element  880  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  882  of the eighth lens element  880  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  881  of the eighth lens element  880  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  890  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  880  and the image surface  895 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  899  is disposed on or near the image surface  895  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 8th embodiment are shown in Table 15 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 16 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 8th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 8.13 mm, Fno = 1.80, HFOV = 43.5 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.829 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 3.491 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.022 
                 Glass 
                 1.613 
                 59.0 
                 5.52 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 −100.000 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 −376.427 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.330 
                 Plastic 
                 1.583 
                 30.2 
                 −8.79 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 5.193 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.326 
               
               
                 6 
                 Lens 3 
                 14.839 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.549 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 40.57 
               
               
                 7 
                   
                 41.383 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.103 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 8 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Lens 4 
                 −54.436 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.360 
                 Plastic 
                 1.704 
                 14.2 
                 −29.74 
               
               
                 10 
                   
                 34.115 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.096 
               
               
                 11 
                 Lens 5 
                 −431.056 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.968 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 27.97 
               
               
                 12 
                   
                 −14.710 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.540 
               
               
                 13 
                 Lens 6 
                 10.476 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.460 
                 Plastic 
                 1.583 
                 30.2 
                 32.86 
               
               
                 14 
                   
                 22.771 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.652 
               
               
                 15 
                 Lens 7 
                 4.766 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.778 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 33.58 
               
               
                 16 
                   
                 6.078 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.545 
               
               
                 17 
                 Lens 8 
                 −5.055 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.645 
                 Plastic 
                 1.559 
                 40.4 
                 −7.24 
               
               
                 18 
                   
                 21.114 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.257 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.300 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.358 
               
               
                 21 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 801 (Surface 8) is 1.850 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the object-side surface 871 (Surface 15) is 4.650 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  2.5490E−01 
                 −9.0000E+01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −8.9945E+01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −9.0446E−04 
                  2.4171E−02 
                 3.1515E−02 
                 9.6055E−03 
                  3.8666E−03 
                 −2.8945E−03  
               
               
                 A6= 
                  2.2065E−04 
                 −1.4186E−02 
                 −2.0772E−02  
                 −8.8614E−03  
                 −2.1668E−03 
                 5.3749E−04 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −4.0537E−05 
                  5.2303E−03 
                 8.6641E−03 
                 5.8800E−03 
                  1.4873E−03 
                 −1.0088E−03  
               
               
                 A10= 
                 −6.8005E−05 
                 −1.0097E−03 
                 −1.9744E−03  
                 −2.2406E−03  
                 −7.1893E−04 
                 1.1310E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                  3.4612E−05 
                  8.6420E−05 
                 2.3218E−04 
                 4.9474E−04 
                  3.9369E−04 
                 −6.2235E−04  
               
               
                 A14= 
                 −6.7951E−06 
                 −6.7448E−07 
                 −1.1134E−05  
                 −4.5397E−05  
                 −1.5372E−04 
                 2.0876E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                  4.9321E−07 
                 −1.5958E−07 
                 — 
                 — 
                  4.3344E−05 
                 −3.7152E−05  
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −6.9018E−06 
                 2.7238E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  4.3026E−07 
                 — 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 9 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                  0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 7.0971E+01 
                  0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                  0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −2.3218E−02 
                 −2.8288E−02 
                 −1.7640E−02  
                 −1.3169E−02 
                 −1.0450E−02  
                 −1.7523E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  6.8379E−03 
                  1.0752E−02 
                 9.5140E−03 
                  9.5378E−04 
                 2.7474E−03 
                  7.9075E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.1205E−02 
                 −8.2444E−03 
                 −5.0650E−03  
                 −5.7870E−04 
                 −1.6769E−03  
                 −3.1255E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  9.5546E−03 
                  3.9084E−03 
                 1.8218E−03 
                  4.2830E−04 
                 3.5735E−04 
                  6.5457E−04 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −5.2947E−03 
                 −1.1650E−03 
                 −3.5832E−04  
                 −1.6753E−04 
                 −3.1999E−05  
                 −7.7097E−05 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.8972E−03 
                  2.2734E−04 
                 2.0245E−05 
                  3.8340E−05 
                 3.9576E−07 
                  5.3775E−06 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −4.1968E−04 
                 −2.9869E−05 
                 4.1073E−06 
                 −5.4230E−06 
                 9.6705E−08 
                 −2.2076E−07 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  5.1838E−05 
                  2.5191E−06 
                 −6.8646E−07  
                  4.2758E−07 
                 −3.7376E−09  
                  4.9182E−09 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −2.7424E−06 
                 −1.0068E−07 
                 2.9440E−08 
                 −1.3885E−08 
                 — 
                 −4.5638E−11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 15 
                 16 
                 17 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 −4.7595E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −3.2241E−02 
                 −1.9241E−02  
                 −1.1426E−02 
                 −9.9457E−03  
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                  4.8141E−03 
                 1.4150E−03 
                  1.4806E−03 
                 9.7519E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 −9.6253E−04 
                 −1.4898E−04  
                 −1.8119E−04 
                 −7.4125E−05  
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                  1.3834E−04 
                 1.5359E−05 
                  2.0856E−05 
                 3.8217E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 −1.1947E−05 
                 −9.2820E−07  
                 −1.4877E−06 
                 −1.2243E−07  
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                  6.3124E−07 
                 2.5295E−08 
                  6.2734E−08 
                 1.9177E−09 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 −2.0278E−08 
                 8.8144E−11 
                 −1.5528E−09 
                 2.9238E−12 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                  3.6603E−10 
                 −1.9993E−11  
                  2.1018E−11 
                 −4.9263E−13  
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 −2.8547E−12 
                 3.0731E−13 
                 −1.2072E−13 
                 4.4147E−15 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 8th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 8th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 15 and Table 16 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 8th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 f [mm] 
                 8.13 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.24 
               
               
                   
                 Fno 
                 1.80 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.26 
               
               
                   
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 43.5 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.34 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T12 
                 44.14 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.93 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T23 
                 4.74 
                 f/R12 
                 0.36 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T34 
                 2.53 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.24 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T45 
                 16.09 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.27 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T56 
                 2.86 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.57 
               
               
                   
                 T78/T67 
                 2.37 
                 V2/N2 
                 19.11 
               
               
                   
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.46 
                 V3/N3 
                 23.91 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.51 
                 V4/N4 
                 8.33 
               
               
                   
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −0.61 
                 V5/N5 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f8| 
                 0.76 
                 V6/N6 
                 19.11 
               
               
                   
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 1.01 
                 V7/N7 
                 36.26 
               
               
                   
                 ImgH/BL 
                 8.67 
                 V8/N8 
                 25.95 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.63 
                 V20 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.14 
                 V40 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.19 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.20 
                 NLR_50 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.17 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 1.56 
               
               
                   
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.16 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.70 
               
               
                   
                 f5/R9 
                 −0.06 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.92 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.82 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.22 
               
               
                   
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.18 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     9th Embodiment 
       FIG.  17    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 9th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  18    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 9th embodiment. In  FIG.  17   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  999 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  900 , a first lens element  910 , a second lens element  920 , a stop  901 , a third lens element  930 , a stop  902 , a fourth lens element  940 , a fifth lens element  950 , a sixth lens element  960 , a seventh lens element  970 , a stop  903 , an eighth lens element  980 , an IR-cut filter  990  and an image surface  995 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 910 ,  920 ,  930 ,  940 ,  950 ,  960 ,  970  and  980 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  910  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  911  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  912  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  910  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  911  and the image-side surface  912  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  911  of the first lens element  910  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  912  of the first lens element  910  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  920  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  921  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  922  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  920  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  921  and the image-side surface  922  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  922  of the second lens element  920  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  930  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  931  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  932  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  930  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  931  and the image-side surface  932  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  940  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  941  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  942  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  940  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  941  and the image-side surface  942  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  941  of the fourth lens element  940  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  942  of the fourth lens element  940  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  950  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  951  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  952  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  950  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  951  and the image-side surface  952  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  951  of the fifth lens element  950  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  952  of the fifth lens element  950  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  960  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  961  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  962  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  960  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  961  and the image-side surface  962  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  961  of the sixth lens element  960  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  962  of the sixth lens element  960  has at least one inflection point. 
     The seventh lens element  970  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  971  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  972  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  970  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  971  and the image-side surface  972  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  971  of the seventh lens element  970  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  972  of the seventh lens element  970  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  971  of the seventh lens element  970  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  972  of the seventh lens element  970  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  980  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  981  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  982  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  980  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  981  and the image-side surface  982  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  981  of the eighth lens element  980  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  982  of the eighth lens element  980  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  981  of the eighth lens element  980  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The IR-cut filter  990  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  980  and the image surface  995 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  999  is disposed on or near the image surface  995  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 9th embodiment are shown in Table 17 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 18 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 9th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 9.20 mm, Fno = 2.05, HFOV = 40.2 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −1.005 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.850 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.104 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 7.28 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 8.747 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.063 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 15.808 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.340 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −17.88 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 6.750 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.557 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 6 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.271 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 Lens 3 
                 6.862 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.522 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 46.60 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 9.156 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.266 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.306 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 Lens 4 
                 43.787 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.400 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −63.26 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 21.442 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 12 
                 Lens 5 
                 25.066 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.440 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 29.77 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −51.073 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.905 
               
               
                 14 
                 Lens 6 
                 −109.723 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.485 
                 Plastic 
                 1.614 
                 26.0 
                 80.18 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 −34.032 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.713 
               
               
                 16 
                 Lens 7 
                 9.581 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.580 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 −87.87 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 7.858 
                 (ASP) 
                 −1.713 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 18 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 3.204 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 Lens 8 
                 −2.802 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.806 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −9.25 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 −7.130 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.200 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 21 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.210 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 22 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.311 
               
               
                 23 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 901 (Surface 6) is 1.970 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 902 (Surface 9) is 1.850 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 903 (Surface 18) is 3.960 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 7 
                 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −2.5516E−01 
                 −4.9010E+01 
                 1.4950E+01 
                  3.6995E+00 
                 −2.7774E+01 
                  7.3688E−01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                  1.2669E−03 
                  7.6921E−03 
                 3.4519E−05 
                 −2.4070E−03 
                 −3.3601E−03 
                 −8.6929E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                  2.5909E−04 
                 −3.6966E−03 
                 1.8902E−03 
                  4.6333E−03 
                  9.2441E−04 
                 −6.9669E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.6543E−04 
                  9.8774E−04 
                 −4.8134E−04  
                 −1.5918E−04 
                  9.3482E−04 
                  1.8781E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                  8.1122E−05 
                 −3.6064E−05 
                 2.9078E−04 
                 −2.0738E−04 
                 −1.2348E−04 
                 −2.2848E−02 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −2.1961E−05 
                 −2.8830E−05 
                 −7.4940E−05  
                  1.2560E−04 
                  8.4976E−05 
                  1.7365E−02 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  2.2121E−06 
                  5.3196E−06 
                 9.9569E−06 
                 −1.2569E−05 
                 −5.7998E−05 
                 −8.1428E−03 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −1.3350E−07 
                 −3.5859E−07 
                 −6.4303E−07  
                 −1.6000E−06 
                  2.8759E−05 
                  2.3046E−03 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −7.0467E−06 
                 −3.6124E−04 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                  6.5412E−07 
                  2.4176E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −8.0052E+01 
                 −8.5936E+01 
                  6.0370E+01 
                 −8.5249E+01 
                  9.0000E+01 
                  4.6043E+01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −8.1650E−03 
                  2.5696E−03 
                 −8.3846E−03 
                 −1.7900E−02 
                 −6.8009E−03 
                 −1.1935E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 −8.4894E−03 
                 −3.1615E−02 
                 −2.4708E−02 
                 −4.1086E−03 
                 −1.1711E−02 
                  5.0735E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                  5.4177E−03 
                  2.8737E−02 
                  2.0424E−02 
                  4.7695E−03 
                  1.1916E−02 
                 −6.3410E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                 −2.1121E−03 
                 −1.6942E−02 
                 −8.1112E−03 
                 −3.0427E−03 
                 −1.1356E−02 
                  3.5508E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −3.0459E−04 
                  6.3287E−03 
                  1.1450E−03 
                  1.4235E−03 
                  6.9905E−03 
                 −1.2705E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  6.6972E−04 
                 −1.5524E−03 
                  2.6124E−04 
                 −4.3676E−04 
                 −2.8027E−03 
                  3.1471E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −2.8319E−04 
                  2.5421E−04 
                 −1.2168E−04 
                  8.1062E−05 
                  7.4111E−04 
                 −5.3379E−05 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  5.3121E−05 
                 −2.6197E−05 
                  1.6939E−05 
                 −8.0422E−06 
                 −1.2772E−04 
                  6.0008E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −3.9223E−06 
                  1.2859E−06 
                 −8.4495E−07 
                  3.2287E−07 
                  1.3724E−05 
                 −4.2419E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 16 
                 17 
                 19 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 2.6075E+00 
                 −8.0223E+01 
                 −1.8386E+00 
                 −3.5522E+01 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −4.4102E−02  
                 −2.4049E−02 
                 −8.1575E−03 
                 −1.9547E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                 9.6786E−03 
                  1.2141E−02 
                  6.4202E−03 
                  1.1392E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 3.0956E−04 
                 −1.1886E−02 
                 −2.7743E−03 
                 −4.6117E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                 −4.0705E−03  
                  7.5623E−03 
                  6.5877E−04 
                  1.1943E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 2.8122E−03 
                 −3.3210E−03 
                 −9.6778E−05 
                 −2.0725E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                 −1.0344E−03  
                  1.0326E−03 
                  9.4992E−06 
                  2.5077E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 2.4238E−04 
                 −2.2958E−04 
                 −6.4799E−07 
                 −2.1704E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                 −3.8062E−05  
                  3.6697E−05 
                  3.1223E−08 
                  1.3606E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 4.0381E−06 
                 −4.2115E−06 
                 −1.0610E−09 
                 −6.1842E−09 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 9th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 9th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 17 and Table 18 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 9th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 f [mm] 
                 9.20 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 Fno 
                 2.05 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 40.2 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.15 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 T78/T12 
                 23.67 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.51 
               
               
                 T78/T23 
                 5.21 
                 f/R12 
                 −0.27 
               
               
                 T78/T34 
                 2.61 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.20 
               
               
                 T78/T45 
                 29.24 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.78 
               
               
                 T78/T56 
                 1.65 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                 T78/T67 
                 2.09 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.74 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.54 
                 V4/N4 
                 11.65 
               
               
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −2.30 
                 V5/N5 
                 23.91 
               
               
                 |f1/f8| 
                 0.79 
                 V6/N6 
                 16.09 
               
               
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 0.77 
                 V7/N7 
                 23.91 
               
               
                 ImgH/BL 
                 11.00 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.41 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.16 
                 V40 
                 5 
               
               
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.12 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.24 
                 NLR_50 
                 1 
               
               
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.09 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.08 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.07 
               
               
                 f5/R9 
                 1.19 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.81 
               
               
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.52 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.22; 5.43 
               
               
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.20 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.66; 0.68 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     10th Embodiment 
       FIG.  19    is a schematic view of an image capturing unit according to the 10th embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  20    shows, in order from left to right, spherical aberration curves, astigmatic field curves and a distortion curve of the image capturing unit according to the 10th embodiment. In  FIG.  19   , the image capturing unit includes the photographing lens assembly (its reference numeral is omitted) of the present disclosure and an image sensor  1099 . The photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side, an aperture stop  1000 , a first lens element  1010 , a second lens element  1020 , a stop  1001 , a third lens element  1030 , a stop  1002 , a fourth lens element  1040 , a fifth lens element  1050 , a sixth lens element  1060 , a seventh lens element  1070 , a stop  1003 , an eighth lens element  1080 , an IR-cut filter  1090  and an image surface  1095 . The photographing lens assembly includes eight lens elements ( 1010 ,  1020 ,  1030 ,  1040 ,  1050 ,  1060 ,  1070  and  1080 ) with no additional lens element disposed between each of the adjacent eight lens elements. 
     The first lens element  1010  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  1011  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1012  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The first lens element  1010  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1011  and the image-side surface  1012  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1011  of the first lens element  1010  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1012  of the first lens element  1010  has at least one inflection point. 
     The second lens element  1020  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  1021  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1022  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The second lens element  1020  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1021  and the image-side surface  1022  being both aspheric. The image-side surface  1022  of the second lens element  1020  has at least one inflection point. 
     The third lens element  1030  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  1031  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1032  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element  1030  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1031  and the image-side surface  1032  being both aspheric. 
     The fourth lens element  1040  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  1041  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1042  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The fourth lens element  1040  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1041  and the image-side surface  1042  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1041  of the fourth lens element  1040  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1042  of the fourth lens element  1040  has at least one inflection point. 
     The fifth lens element  1050  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  1051  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1052  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The fifth lens element  1050  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1051  and the image-side surface  1052  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1051  of the fifth lens element  1050  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1052  of the fifth lens element  1050  has at least one inflection point. 
     The sixth lens element  1060  with positive refractive power has an object-side surface  1061  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1062  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The sixth lens element  1060  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1061  and the image-side surface  1062  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1061  of the sixth lens element  1060  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1062  of the sixth lens element  1060  has at least one inflection point. 
     The seventh lens element  1070  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  1071  being convex in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1072  being concave in a paraxial region thereof. The seventh lens element  1070  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1071  and the image-side surface  1072  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1071  of the seventh lens element  1070  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1072  of the seventh lens element  1070  has at least one inflection point. The object-side surface  1071  of the seventh lens element  1070  has one concave critical point in an off-axis region thereof. The image-side surface  1072  of the seventh lens element  1070  has one convex critical point in an off-axis region thereof. 
     The eighth lens element  1080  with negative refractive power has an object-side surface  1081  being concave in a paraxial region thereof and an image-side surface  1082  being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The eighth lens element  1080  is made of plastic material and has the object-side surface  1081  and the image-side surface  1082  being both aspheric. The object-side surface  1081  of the eighth lens element  1080  has at least one inflection point. The image-side surface  1082  of the eighth lens element  1080  has at least one inflection point. 
     The IR-cut filter  1090  is made of glass material and located between the eighth lens element  1080  and the image surface  1095 , and will not affect the focal length of the photographing lens assembly. The image sensor  1099  is disposed on or near the image surface  1095  of the photographing lens assembly. 
     The detailed optical data of the 10th embodiment are shown in Table 19 and the aspheric surface data are shown in Table 20 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 10th Embodiment 
               
               
                 f = 9.19 mm, Fno = 2.05, HFOV = 40.2 deg. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                   
                 Curvature Radius 
                 Thickness 
                 Material 
                 Index 
                 Abbe # 
                 Focal Length 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 0 
                 Object 
                 Plano 
                 Infinity 
                   
               
               
                 1 
                 Ape. Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −1.008 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 2 
                 Lens 1 
                 2.844 
                 (ASP) 
                 1.109 
                 Plastic 
                 1.545 
                 56.1 
                 7.26 
               
               
                 3 
                   
                 8.733 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 4 
                 Lens 2 
                 15.699 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.340 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −18.05 
               
               
                 5 
                   
                 6.766 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.559 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 6 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 −0.262 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 7 
                 Lens 3 
                 6.801 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.537 
                 Plastic 
                 1.544 
                 56.0 
                 47.48 
               
               
                 8 
                   
                 8.975 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.269 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 9 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 0.309 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 Lens 4 
                 50.516 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.400 
                 Plastic 
                 1.669 
                 19.5 
                 −61.00 
               
               
                 11 
                   
                 22.503 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 12 
                 Lens 5 
                 25.964 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.440 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 29.54 
               
               
                 13 
                   
                 −46.684 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.894 
               
               
                 14 
                 Lens 6 
                 −95.799 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.485 
                 Plastic 
                 1.614 
                 26.0 
                 77.12 
               
               
                 15 
                   
                 −31.740 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.731 
               
               
                 16 
                 Lens 7 
                 9.733 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.580 
                 Plastic 
                 1.566 
                 37.4 
                 −77.26 
               
               
                 17 
                   
                 7.790 
                 (ASP) 
                 −1.717 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 18 
                 Stop 
                 Plano 
                 3.204 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 19 
                 Lens 8 
                 −2.790 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.832 
                 Plastic 
                 1.534 
                 55.9 
                 −9.42 
               
               
                 20 
                   
                 −6.923 
                 (ASP) 
                 0.200 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 21 
                 IR-cut Filter 
                 Plano 
                 0.210 
                 Glass 
                 1.517 
                 64.2 
                 — 
               
               
                 22 
                   
                 Plano 
                 0.281 
               
               
                 23 
                 Image 
                 Plano 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: 
               
               
                 Reference wavelength is 587.6 nm (d-line). 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 1001 (Surface 6) is 1.970 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 1002 (Surface 9) is 1.850 mm. 
               
               
                 An effective radius of the stop 1003 (Surface 18) is 3.960 mm. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspheric Coefficients 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Surface # 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                 5 
                 7 
                 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −2.5454E−01  
                 −4.8239E+01 
                  1.4370E+01 
                  3.6243E+00 
                 −2.6644E+01  
                  1.2054E+00 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 1.2843E−03 
                  7.9045E−03 
                 −6.8922E−05 
                 −2.6397E−03 
                 −3.5008E−03  
                 −8.7087E−03 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 2.8931E−04 
                 −4.4096E−03 
                  1.7429E−03 
                  5.0108E−03 
                 1.2759E−03 
                 −6.9922E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                 −1.5985E−04  
                  1.6821E−03 
                 −1.9920E−04 
                 −2.7822E−04 
                 6.5965E−04 
                  1.9109E−02 
               
               
                 A10= 
                 6.4890E−05 
                 −3.3640E−04 
                  1.5279E−04 
                 −1.9411E−04 
                 1.6951E−04 
                 −2.3395E−02 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.3085E−05  
                  3.6593E−05 
                 −5.1711E−05 
                  1.1680E−04 
                 −1.3853E−04  
                  1.7868E−02 
               
               
                 A14= 
                 2.6115E−07 
                 −1.6211E−06 
                  9.8012E−06 
                 −9.6286E−06 
                 4.0835E−05 
                 −8.4181E−03 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 1.0851E−08 
                 −8.1599E−08 
                 −8.3984E−07 
                 −1.8611E−06 
                 2.8995E−06 
                  2.3925E−03 
               
               
                 A18= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 −3.3146E−06  
                 −3.7632E−04 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 — 
                 4.2573E−07 
                  2.5250E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Surface # 
                 10 
                 11 
                 12 
                 13 
                 14 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 k= 
                 −8.3212E+01 
                 −8.5936E+01 
                  6.1796E+01 
                 −8.4937E+01 
                  9.0000E+01 
                  4.6043E+01 
               
               
                 A4= 
                 −8.0410E−03 
                  6.0432E−03 
                 −4.5362E−03 
                 −1.8173E−02 
                 −5.8928E−03 
                 −1.0718E−02 
               
               
                 A6= 
                 −7.8031E−03 
                 −3.8345E−02 
                 −3.3572E−02 
                 −4.2480E−03 
                 −1.3667E−02 
                  3.1792E−03 
               
               
                 A8= 
                  4.2470E−03 
                  3.3442E−02 
                  2.7635E−02 
                  5.1361E−03 
                  1.3746E−02 
                 −4.9036E−03 
               
               
                 A10= 
                 −8.8435E−04 
                 −1.7963E−02 
                 −1.0833E−02 
                 −3.2901E−03 
                 −1.2507E−02 
                  2.8993E−03 
               
               
                 A12= 
                 −1.1262E−03 
                  5.9569E−03 
                  1.6033E−03 
                  1.5399E−03 
                  7.5358E−03 
                 −1.0721E−03 
               
               
                 A14= 
                  1.0138E−03 
                 −1.2694E−03 
                  2.5742E−04 
                 −4.7501E−04 
                 −2.9972E−03 
                  2.7305E−04 
               
               
                 A16= 
                 −3.6880E−04 
                  1.8085E−04 
                 −1.3207E−04 
                  8.8593E−05 
                  7.9186E−04 
                 −4.7406E−05 
               
               
                 A18= 
                  6.4500E−05 
                 −1.7099E−05 
                  1.8403E−05 
                 −8.8180E−06 
                 −1.3704E−04 
                  5.4335E−06 
               
               
                 A20= 
                 −4.5373E−06 
                  8.3533E−07 
                 −9.1138E−07 
                  3.5491E−07 
                  1.4848E−05 
                 −3.9038E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Surface # 
                 16 
                 17 
                 19 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 k= 
                 2.6075E+00 
                 −8.0223E+01 
                 −1.8386E+00 
                 −3.5522E+01 
               
               
                   
                 A4= 
                 −4.1201E−02  
                 −1.9914E−02 
                 −8.4603E−03 
                 −2.1616E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A6= 
                 2.9262E−03 
                  4.5528E−03 
                  5.9825E−03 
                  1.2546E−02 
               
               
                   
                 A8= 
                 7.4762E−03 
                 −4.8183E−03 
                 −2.3631E−03 
                 −5.0338E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A10= 
                 −8.6449E−03  
                  3.5275E−03 
                  5.2295E−04 
                  1.3093E−03 
               
               
                   
                 A12= 
                 4.7511E−03 
                 −1.7788E−03 
                 −7.2169E−05 
                 −2.2930E−04 
               
               
                   
                 A14= 
                 −1.6014E−03  
                  6.2026E−04 
                  6.6903E−06 
                  2.7986E−05 
               
               
                   
                 A16= 
                 3.5842E−04 
                 −1.5056E−04 
                 −4.3291E−07 
                 −2.4369E−06 
               
               
                   
                 A18= 
                 −5.4740E−05  
                  2.5704E−05 
                  1.9856E−08 
                  1.5323E−07 
               
               
                   
                 A20= 
                 5.7088E−06 
                 −3.0984E−06 
                 −6.4400E−10 
                 −6.9671E−09 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the 10th embodiment, the equation of the aspheric surface profiles of the aforementioned lens elements is the same as the equation of the 1st embodiment. Also, the definitions of these parameters shown in the following table are the same as those stated in the aforementioned embodiments with corresponding values for the 10th embodiment, so an explanation in this regard will not be provided again. 
     Moreover, these parameters can be calculated from Table 19 and Table 20 as the following values and satisfy the following conditions: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 10th Embodiment 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 f [mm] 
                 9.19 
                 |f8/f4| 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 Fno 
                 2.05 
                 |f8/f5| 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 HFOV [deg.] 
                 40.2 
                 |f8/f6| 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 ΣCT/ΣAT 
                 1.16 
                 |f8/f7| 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 T78/T12 
                 37.18 
                 f/f2 
                 −0.51 
               
               
                 T78/T23 
                 5.01 
                 f/R12 
                 −0.29 
               
               
                 T78/T34 
                 2.57 
                 TL/ImgH 
                 1.19 
               
               
                 T78/T45 
                 42.49 
                 ImgH/R1 
                 2.79 
               
               
                 T78/T56 
                 1.66 
                 V1/N1 
                 36.30 
               
               
                 T78/T67 
                 2.03 
                 V2/N2 
                 11.65 
               
               
                 ΣAT/T78 
                 2.73 
                 V3/N3 
                 36.26 
               
               
                 ImgH/Y11 
                 3.54 
                 V4/N4 
                 11.65 
               
               
                 (R15 + R16)/(R15 − R16) 
                 −2.35 
                 V5/N5 
                 23.91 
               
               
                 |f1/f8| 
                 0.77 
                 V6/N6 
                 16.09 
               
               
                 |f/f3| + |f/f4| + |f/f5| + |f/f6| 
                 0.77 
                 V7/N7 
                 23.91 
               
               
                 ImgH/BL 
                 11.48 
                 V8/N8 
                 36.46 
               
               
                 |f1/f2| 
                 0.40 
                 V20 
                 2 
               
               
                 |f1/f3| 
                 0.15 
                 V40 
                 5 
               
               
                 |f1/f4| 
                 0.12 
                 NLR_80 
                 3 
               
               
                 |f1/f5| 
                 0.25 
                 NLR_50 
                 1 
               
               
                 |f1/f6| 
                 0.09 
                 Yc71 [mm] 
                 0.86 
               
               
                 |f1/f7| 
                 0.09 
                 Yc72 [mm] 
                 1.07 
               
               
                 f5/R9 
                 1.14 
                 Yc71/Yc72 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 |f8/f2| 
                 0.52 
                 Yc81 [mm] 
                 5.25; 5.44 
               
               
                 |f8/f3| 
                 0.20 
                 Yc81/ImgH 
                 0.66; 0.69 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     11th Embodiment 
       FIG.  21    is a perspective view of an image capturing unit according to the 11th embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, an image capturing unit  10  is a camera module including a lens unit  11 , a driving device  12 , an image sensor  13  and an image stabilizer  14 . The lens unit  11  includes the photographing lens assembly disclosed in the 1st embodiment, a barrel and a holder member (their reference numerals are omitted) for holding the photographing lens assembly; the lens unit  11  may include the photographing lens assembly disclosed in other embodiments, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The imaging light converges in the lens unit  11  of the image capturing unit  10  to generate an image with the driving device  12  utilized for image focusing on the image sensor  13 , and the generated image is then digitally transmitted to other electronic component for further processing. 
     The driving device  12  can have auto focusing functionality, and different driving configurations can be obtained through the usages of voice coil motors (VCM), micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), piezoelectric systems, or shape memory alloy materials. The driving device  12  is favorable for obtaining a better imaging position of the lens unit  11 , so that a clear image of the imaged object can be captured by the lens unit  11  with different object distances. The image sensor  13  (for example, CCD or CMOS), which can feature high photosensitivity and low noise, is disposed on the image surface of the photographing lens assembly to provide higher image quality. 
     The image stabilizer  14 , such as an accelerometer, a gyro sensor and a Hall Effect sensor, is configured to work with the driving device  12  to provide optical image stabilization ( 01 S). The driving device  12  working with the image stabilizer  14  is favorable for compensating for pan and tilt of the lens unit  11  to reduce blurring associated with motion during exposure. In some cases, the compensation can be provided by electronic image stabilization (EIS) with image processing software, thereby improving image quality while in motion or low-light conditions. 
     12th Embodiment 
       FIG.  22    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 12th embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     In this embodiment, an electronic device  20  is a smartphone including an image capturing unit  10  disclosed in the 11th embodiment and a display unit  21 . In  FIG.  22   , the image capturing unit  10  and the display unit  21  are both disposed on the same side of the electronic device  20 . The image capturing unit  10  is a front-facing camera of the electronic device  20  for taking selfies, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     13th Embodiment 
       FIG.  23    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 13th embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     In this embodiment, an electronic device  30  is a smartphone including an image capturing unit  31 , an image capturing unit  32 , an image capturing unit  33  and a display unit (its reference number is omitted). In this embodiment, the image capturing units  31 ,  32  and  33  have different fields of view (e.g., the image capturing unit  31  is a telephoto image capturing unit, the image capturing unit  32  is a standard image capturing unit and the image capturing unit  33  is a wide-angle image capturing unit), such that the electronic device  30  has various magnification ratios so as to meet the requirement of optical zoom functionality. The image capturing unit  32  includes the photographing lens assembly disclosed in the 3rd embodiment and an image sensor (their reference numbers are omitted), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments, the image capturing unit  32  may include the photographing lens assembly disclosed in another embodiment. In this embodiment, the image capturing unit  31 ,  32  and  33  are all disposed on one side of the electronic device  30 , while the display unit is disposed on another side of the electronic device  30 . 
     14th Embodiment 
       FIG.  24    is a perspective view of an electronic device according to the 14th embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     In this embodiment, an electronic device  40  is a smartphone including an image capturing unit  41 , an image capturing unit  42  and a display unit (its reference number is omitted). In this embodiment, the image capturing units  41  and  42  have different fields of view (e.g., the image capturing unit  41  is a wide-angle image capturing unit and the image capturing unit  42  is a standard image capturing unit), such that the electronic device  40  has various magnification ratios so as to meet the requirement of optical zoom functionality. The image capturing unit  42  includes the photographing lens assembly disclosed in the 3rd embodiment and an image sensor (their reference numbers are omitted), but the disclosure is not limited thereto. In some other embodiments, the image capturing unit  42  may include the photographing lens assembly disclosed in another embodiment. In this embodiment, the image capturing unit  41  and  42  are both disposed on one side of the electronic device  40 , while the display unit is disposed on another side of the electronic device  40 . 
     These embodiments with smartphones are only exemplary for showing the image capturing units  10 ,  32 ,  42  of the present disclosure installed in an electronic device, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The image capturing units  10 ,  32 ,  42  can be optionally applied to optical systems with a movable focus. Furthermore, the photographing lens assembly of the image capturing units  10 ,  32 ,  42  features good capability in aberration corrections and high image quality, and can be applied to 3D (three-dimensional) image capturing applications, in products such as digital cameras, mobile devices, digital tablets, smart televisions, network surveillance devices, dashboard cameras, vehicle backup cameras, multi-camera devices, image recognition systems, motion sensing input devices, wearable devices and other electronic imaging devices. 
     The foregoing description, for the purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. It is to be noted that TABLES 1-20 show different data of the different embodiments; however, the data of the different embodiments are obtained from experiments. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the disclosure and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the disclosure and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The embodiments depicted above and the appended drawings are exemplary and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the scope of the present disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.