Patent Publication Number: US-11030924-B2

Title: Label measurement system for a container

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/462,409, filed on Aug. 18, 2014, titled “Label Measurement System for a Container,” which is a continuation in part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/485,795, filed on May 31, 2012, titled “Label Measurement System for a Container,” which claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/534,320, filed on Sep. 13, 2011, titled “Interactive package to properly illustrate the correct dosage of medication,” and claims priority to provisional U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/881,844, filed on Sep. 24, 2013, titled “Rotating Shrink Over Shrink with Included Dosing Device and Tamper Evident Sleeve,” and claims priority to provisional U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61/867,207, filed on Aug. 19, 2013, titled “Rotating Label Apparatus and Method for Properly Dosing Medication to a Child or Patient,” each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present application is directed generally to labels, and more specifically to labels for consumer product containers that function as an aid to determine the correct dosage of medication. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Containers for consumer products have a limited amount of outer surface area for placement of labels on the container. This may pose a challenge to manufacturers of these consumer products to fit all of the information they want to deliver to the consumer, or are required by law to deliver to the consumer, in this limited area. In particular, packaging for prescription medications may be required to specify a significant amount of information concerning dosage and frequency of consumption. 
     More than three billion prescriptions are written each year in the United States, and an estimated $18 billion is spent on over-the-counter medications. Both prescription and over-the-counter medications are intended to be consumed by a patient according to specific instructions for dosage and frequency. Non-compliance with these instructions has been identified as a major obstacle to the effective delivery of health care. Compliance typically means consuming the correct dosage at the correct frequency as specified in the prescription or on the over-the-counter medication packaging. According to the World Health Organization, only about half of patients with chronic diseases living in developed countries comply with their medication instructions. The reasons for non-compliance are varied, ranging from simple forgetfulness, to confusion, to ambivalence. However, the effects of non-compliance are staggering, resulting in an estimated $290 billion dollars per year in avoidable medical expenses. Additionally, studies have shown that non-compliance results in about 125,000 deaths annually in the United States, and leads to 10-25 percent of hospital and nursing home admissions. 
     Many liquid medications are packaged and sold with some type of dose-dispensing device that may be used to accurately measure the recommended dose based on instructions on the label, product packaging, or separate printed literature included with the package. However, consumers may not use the dose-dispensing device included with the package. For example, the instructions for a medication may indicate the dosage in teaspoon or tablespoon amounts. The consumer may use a household spoon instead of the dose-dispensing device. These spoons are not necessarily meant to accurately measure a teaspoon or tablespoon amount, and overdosing or underdoing may occur. 
     In addition, some consumers may not be able to read the proper dosing instructions provided in text form with the medication because of vision problems or illiteracy. In other situations, the units of measure specified in the instructions may not match the units of measure on the dose-dispensing device. When the medication is in pill, tablet, or capsule form, the consumer may not understand how many pills constitute a dose. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present application is directed to rotating shrink label measurement systems for a container. An exemplary rotating shrink label measurement system may comprise a container, and a base label adhered to the container. The base label may have a back surface and a front surface, with measurement information comprising a plurality of values for a physical characteristic of a user of the container printed on the front surface. The label measurement system may further comprise an opaque top label covering at least a portion of the front surface of the base label. The top label may be rotatable about the base label, and may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. In various embodiments, rotating the top label may have a transparent window allowing at least a portion of the printed measurement information to be displayed through the transparent window. Rotation of the top label may cause the transparent window to display measurement information for a specific unit of measurement. The specific unit of measurement may further comprise a gradient line. The system may further comprise a predetermined second container coupled to the container. A tamper evident sleeve may enclose at least a portion of each of the container, the opaque rotating top label, and the predetermined second container. The gradient line may indicate a level of material dispensed from the container into the predetermined container. 
     According to additional exemplary embodiments, the present application may be directed to rotating shrink label measurement systems for a container. An exemplary rotating shrink label measurement system may comprise a container, and a base label adhered to the container. The base label may have a back surface and a front surface, with measurement information comprising a plurality of values for a physical characteristic of a user printed on the front surface. The base label may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. The label measurement system may further comprise an opaque top label covering at least a portion of the front surface of the base label. The rotating top label may be rotatable about the base label. In various embodiments, the rotating top label may have a transparent window allowing at least a portion of the printed measurement information to be displayed through the transparent window. Rotation of the top label may cause the transparent window to display measurement information for a specific unit of measurement. The specific unit of measurement may further comprise a gradient line. The system may further comprise a predetermined second container coupled to the container. A tamper evident sleeve may enclose at least a portion of each of the container, the opaque rotating top label, and the predetermined second container. The gradient line may indicate a level of material dispensed from the container into the predetermined container. 
     According to further exemplary embodiments, the present application may be directed to rotating shrink label measurement systems for a container. An exemplary rotating shrink label measurement system may comprise a container, and a base label adhered to the container. The base label may have a back surface and a front surface, with measurement information comprising a plurality of values for a physical characteristic of a user of the container and a plurality of gradient lines associated with the plurality of values for the physical characteristic of the user printed on the front surface. The label measurement system may further comprise an opaque top label covering at least a portion of the front surface of the base label. The top label may be rotatable about the base label, and may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. In various embodiments, rotating the top label may have a transparent window allowing at least a portion of the printed measurement information to be displayed through the transparent window. Rotation of the top label may cause the transparent window to display one of the values for the physical characteristic of the user and a predetermined one of the gradient lines. The system may further comprise a predetermined second container coupled to the container. A tamper evident sleeve may enclose at least a portion of each of the container, the opaque rotating top label, and the predetermined second container. The gradient line may indicate a level of material dispensed from the container into the predetermined container. 
     According to still further exemplary embodiments, the present application may be directed to methods for measuring material dispensed from a container. An exemplary method may comprise receiving a container, and adhering a base label having a back surface and a front surface to the container, with units of measurement printed on the front surface of the base label. At least a portion of the front surface of the base label may be covered by an opaque rotating top label. The opaque rotating top label may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. A transparent window may be placed within the opaque rotating top label, such that at least a portion of the printed units of measurement may be visible through the transparent window. A predetermined second container may be coupled to the container, and at least a portion of the container, the opaque rotating top label and the predetermined second container may be enclosed by a sleeve. The sleeve may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. The method may further comprise providing at least one perforation in the sleeve, and allowing the sleeve to tear along the at least one perforation, thereby allowing the predetermined second container to be decoupled from the container. The top label may be allowed to rotate to a specific unit of measurement, and an indicia associated with the specific unit of measurement may be displayed. An opening on the container for dispensing material may be provided, and the material may be dispensed until it is dispensed at or near an amount approximated by the indicia. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front view of an exemplary label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  is a back view of an exemplary label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  is a front view of an exemplary label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  is a back view of an exemplary label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 5A  illustrates a leading edge of an exemplary label affixed to a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 5B  illustrates an exemplary label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an exemplary label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates an exemplary base label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a leading edge of an exemplary top label affixed to an exemplary base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an exemplary top label affixed to an exemplary base label and partially wrapped about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates an exemplary top label with a window affixed to an exemplary base label and partially wrapped about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates an exemplary top label with a window secured about a container and a portion of a base label visible through the window according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 12  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 13  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates an exemplary base label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 15A  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 15B  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 15C  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments 
         FIG. 16  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 17  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 18  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 19  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 20  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 21  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 22  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 23  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 24  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 25  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 26  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 27  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 28  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 29  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 30  illustrates an exemplary base label and top label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 31  is a front view of container and a second container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 32  is a front view of a container and a second container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 33  is a front view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 34  illustrates an exemplary base label secured about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 35  is a front view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 36  is a front view of a top label formed into a cylindrical shape according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 37  illustrates the top label of  FIG. 36  being positioned on a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 38  illustrates the top label of  FIG. 36  fully in place about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 39  illustrates a top label shrunk to conform to a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 40  illustrates a top label shrunk to conform to a container and a second container coupled to the container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 41  is a front view of a sheet of tamper evident sleeve material according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 42  is a front view of a sheet of tamper evident sleeve material formed into a cylindrical shape according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 43  illustrates the sleeve of  FIG. 42  being positioned in place about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 44  illustrates the sleeve of  FIG. 42  fully in place about a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 45  is a front view of the sleeve of  FIG. 44  shrunk to conform to a shape of a container and second container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 46  is cross-sectional view of a base label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 47  is a cross-sectional view of a top label according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 48  is an exemplary flow diagram of a method for measuring material dispensed from a container according to various embodiments. 
         FIG. 49  illustrates a base label comprising a first section and a second section. 
         FIG. 50  illustrates the base label of  FIG. 49  formed into a cylindrical shape. 
         FIG. 51  illustrates the base label of  FIG. 50  being placed over a container. 
         FIG. 52  illustrates the base label of  FIG. 51  heat shrunk to conform to the container. 
         FIG. 53  illustrates a top label being placed over the container and base label of  FIG. 52 . 
         FIG. 54  illustrates the top label of  FIG. 53  heat shrunk to conform to the container. 
         FIGS. 55 and 56  illustrate the functionality of a first perforation and a tamper evident perforation in the base label. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present application is directed to rotating shrink label measurement systems for a container. An exemplary rotating shrink label measurement system may comprise a container, and a base label adhered to the container. The base label may have a back surface and a front surface, with measurement information comprising a plurality of values for a physical characteristic of a user of the container printed on the front surface. The label measurement system may further comprise an opaque top label covering at least a portion of the front surface of the base label. The top label may be rotatable about the base label, and may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source. In various embodiments, rotating the top label may have a transparent window allowing at least a portion of the printed measurement information to be displayed through the transparent window. Rotation of the top label may cause the transparent window to display measurement information for a specific unit of measurement. The specific unit of measurement may further comprise a gradient line. The system may further comprise a predetermined second container coupled to the container. A tamper evident sleeve may enclose at least a portion of each of the container, the opaque rotating top label, and the predetermined second container. The gradient line may indicate a level of material dispensed from the container into the predetermined container. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates various embodiments of a front surface  108  of a base label  100  for an object, such as a medication container, according to various embodiments. The base label  100  comprises a leading edge  102  and a trailing edge  104 . While the leading edge  102  is oriented to the left and the trailing edge is oriented to the right as presented in  FIG. 1 , the orientation of the leading edge  102  and the trailing edge  104  could be reversed depending on which edge is first applied to the object. Both orientations are within the scope of the present disclosure. Base label front surface  108  may comprise writing or other indicia  106  thereon. 
     As used herein, the leading edge refers to the first edge to be affixed to the object and the trailing edge refers to the second edge to be affixed to the object or the overlapping leading edge. Depending on the orientation of the label and the object when the label is affixed to the object, either edge of the label may be the leading edge. The orientations presented in the figures are for convenience and are not intended to be limiting in any way. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates various embodiments of a back surface  206  of the base label  100 . In various embodiments, the base label back surface  206  comprises two strips of adhesive  202  and  204  on or immediately adjacent to the leading and trailing edges,  102  and  104 , respectively. Base label leading edge adhesive  202  may have a boundary  208  defined as its limit on the base label back surface  206 . Base label trailing edge adhesive  204  may also have a boundary  210 . While  FIG. 2  illustrates that the adhesive strips  202  and  204  are generally close to the base label leading and trailing edges  102  and  104 , respectively, it is understood that the adhesive strips  202  and  204  may be continuous or discontinuous, and may extend across any portion of the base label back surface  206 , including the entire base label back surface  206 . In various embodiments, a length of the base label  100  may be selected to be slightly longer than a circumference of the object on which it is placed, such that the trailing edge  104  overlaps the leading edge  102 , and the trailing edge  104  is affixed to the leading edge  102 . In various embodiments, the length of the base label  100  may be selected to be approximately the same as the circumference of the object on which it is placed, such that the leading edge  102  and the trailing edge  104  do not overlap. 
       FIG. 3  illustrates various embodiments of a front surface  306  of a top label  300 . Top label  300  comprises a leading edge  302  and a trailing edge  304 , and indicia  308  may be imprinted on the top label front surface  306 . 
     Various embodiments of a back surface  402  of the top label  300  are illustrated in  FIG. 4 . The top label back surface  402  may comprise various indicia  408  printed thereon, as well as two strips of adhesive  404  and  406  on or immediately adjacent to the leading and trailing edges,  302  and  304 , respectively. Top label leading edge adhesive  404  may have a boundary  410  defined as its limit on the top label back surface  402 . Top label trailing edge adhesive  406  may also have a boundary  412 . While  FIG. 4  illustrates that the adhesive strips  404  and  406  are generally close to the top label leading and trailing edges  302  and  304 , respectively, it is understood that the adhesive strips  404  and  406  may be continuous or discontinuous, and may extend across any portion of the top label back surface  402 , including the entire top label back surface  402 . In various embodiments, the adhesive strips  404  and  406  are confined to areas near the leading and trailing edges  302  and  304 , respectively, so as not to obscure or interfere with the top label back surface indicia  408 . 
     The base label adhesive  202 ,  204  and the top label adhesive  404 ,  406  may be applied in a variety of patterns as can be appreciated by one skilled in the art. The adhesive  202 ,  204 ,  404 ,  406  may be applied in strips, dots, droplets, circles, rectangles, squares, triangles, lines, and the like, as well as combinations of patterns. 
     A length of the top label  300  may be selected to be slightly longer than a circumference of the object on which it is placed, such that the top label trailing edge  304  overlaps the top label leading edge  302 , and the top label trailing edge  304  is affixed to the top label leading edge  302 . In various embodiments, the length of the top label  300  may be selected to be approximately the same as the circumference of the object on which it is placed, such that both the leading edge  302  and the trailing edge  304  do not overlap and are affixed to the base label front surface  108 . 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates the application of the base label  100  to an exemplary container  500  according to various embodiments. The container  500  may be a glass or plastic bottle, or other type of container such as a metal can or a cardboard receptacle. The container may be round, rectangular, square, or any other shape known in the art. The term “container” is used here for convenience to describe exemplary embodiments. It is understood that the container may be any object, including non-containers. Container  500  may comprise a cap  502  removably secured to a body  504 . Various embodiments of the body  504  may have an exterior surface  506  that comprises a upper label panel  508 , a lower label panel  510 , and a recessed surface  512  interposed between the upper label panel  508  and the lower label panel  510 . As discussed below, the base label  100  may be applied to the container  500  at the recessed area  512  between the upper label panel  508  and the lower label panel  510 . 
     In various embodiments, the top label  300  may be rotatable about the base label  100 , as discussed below. In these embodiments, the upper label panel  508  and lower label panel  510  may function to restrict upward and downward movement of the top label  300  in relation to the container  500  such that the top label  300  generally remains in a position covering at least a portion of the base label  100 . 
       FIG. 5B  illustrates the container  500  with the base label  100  affixed to the container  500 . Initially, as illustrated in  FIG. 5A , base label leading edge  102  is placed in contact with the recessed surface  512  of the container  500  and affixed to the container  500  by the leading edge adhesive strip  202 . With relative motion between the container  500  and the base label  100 , the base label  100  may be wrapped around the container  500  with the base label trailing edge  104  now overlapping the base label leading edge  102  such that the leading edge adhesive strip  202  holds the base label leading edge  102  to the container  500  while the trailing edge adhesive strip  204  holds the base label trailing edge  104  to the overlapped base label leading edge  102 . 
     In various embodiments as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the length of the base label  100  may be substantially the same as a circumference of the recessed surface  512  of the container  500 , which may allow the base label leading edge  102  and base label trailing edge  104  to abut rather than overlap. However, it is also possible that the length of the base label  100  may be shorter than the circumference of the recessed surface  512 , resulting in a gap  702  between the base label leading edge  102  and the base label trailing edge  104  when the base label  100  is affixed to the recessed surface as illustrated in  FIG. 7 . In both of these instances, the base label trailing edge adhesive strip  204  may adhere to the recessed surface  512  of the container  500 , rather than the base label leading edge  102 . 
     In various embodiments, the base label adhesive strips  202 ,  204  may comprise a permanent adhesive. In general, a permanent adhesive is one that does not readily release from a surface to which it adheres after the adhesive dries or cures. Using the base label  100  as an example, the permanent adhesive  202 ,  204  will tend not to release from the recessed surface  512 , nor will it tend to release the base label leading edge  102  or trailing edge  104  once dried or cured. In order to remove the base label from the recessed surface  512 , the base label  100  may have to be torn from the adhesive, or the adhesive layer  202 ,  204  may have to be fractured which may leave some of the adhesive on the recessed surface  512  and some of the adhesive on the base label leading edge  102  or trailing edge  104 . Once the surfaces affixed with the permanent adhesive are separated, they may not be reattached. 
     In  FIG. 8 , the base label  100  is already affixed to the recessed surface  512  of the container  500 , and the application of the top label  300  over the base label  100  is illustrated according to various embodiments. The top label leading edge  302  may be placed in contact with any portion of the base label front surface  108  and affixed to the base label front surface  108  by the top label leading edge adhesive strip  404 . With relative motion between the container  500  and the top label  300 , the top label  300  may be wrapped around the container  500  with the top label trailing edge  304  now overlapping the top label leading edge  302  such that the top label leading edge adhesive strip  404  holds the top label leading edge  302  to the base label  100  while the top label trailing edge adhesive strip  406  holds the top label trailing edge  304  to the overlapped top label leading edge  302 . 
       FIG. 9  illustrates the operation of the base label  100  and the top label  300  according to various embodiments. Beginning with the container  500  with the base label  100  and the top label  300  in place as shown, for example, in  FIG. 6 , the top label trailing edge  304  may be detached from the top label leading edge  302  and at least partially peeled back as shown in  FIG. 9 . The combination of the base label  100  and the top label  300  in this configuration increases the amount of surface area available for viewing by a consumer or user of the container  500 . Prior to detaching the top label trailing edge  304 , the consumer may view the top label front surface  306 . Upon detaching the top label trailing edge  304 , the consumer may now view the top label back surface  402  and the base label front surface  108  in addition to the top label front surface  306 . 
     One of at least three types of adhesive may be used for the top label leading edge adhesive  404 . A first type of adhesive is the permanent adhesive as described above for the base label  100 . When a permanent adhesive is used for the top label leading edge adhesive  404 , the top label leading edge generally cannot be detached without inflicting damage to one or both of the top label  300  or the base label  100 . This may be desirable for various embodiments where the top label  300  is not intended to be removed from the container  500 . 
     A second type of adhesive that may be used for the top label leading edge adhesive  404  is a releasable adhesive. A releasable adhesive is one that will release from a surface to which it is attached once a sufficient mechanical force is applied. A releasable adhesive may be used, for example, when the top label back surface  402  comprises a coupon for a subsequent purchase of a product. The releasable adhesive may allow the consumer to easily remove the top label  300  for later use. In various embodiments, the releasable adhesive may be a breakaway adhesive. A breakaway adhesive may have limited ability to withstand shear stresses. Shear stresses may cause the adhesive bond created between the label (e.g., top label  300 ) and the surface to which it is affixed (e.g., the base label  100  or container  500 ) to fail along the adhesive. In general, a releasable or breakaway adhesive may not re-attach to a surface once removed. 
     A third type of adhesive that may be used for the top label leading edge adhesive  404  is a resealable adhesive. A resealable adhesive may release from a surface to which it is attached once a sufficient mechanical force is applied, similar to the releasable adhesive described above. However, the resealable adhesive may be re-attached to a surface by applying pressure. A resealable adhesive may be desirable when the top label back surface  402  or the base label front surface  108  comprise information that may be needed only on occasion. Thus, the consumer or user may detach the top label  300  when the information is needed, then re-attach the top label  300 . 
     In various embodiments, the top label trailing edge adhesive  406  may be a releasable adhesive or a resealable adhesive, depending on the intended use of the top label  300 . As described above, if the surfaces  108 ,  402  comprise information that is intended to stay with the container, the top label trailing edge adhesive  406  may be a resealable adhesive. In contrast, if the top label  300  is intended to be removed from the container  500 , a releasable adhesive may be desirable. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates various embodiments of the top label  300  comprising a window  1002 . The window  1002  may comprise a void in the top label  300  such that a portion of the base label  100  may be visible through the window. In various embodiments, the window  1002  may have a transparent covering (not shown). In various other embodiments, the window may comprise a transparent section of the top label  300  itself rather than a void.  FIG. 10  illustrates the top label  300  partially wrapped about a container  1000 , and base label  100  already in place on the container  1000 . As shown, the top label leading edge adhesive  404  maintains the top label  300  coupled to the base label  100 . The top label  300  may then be moved from the position illustrated in  FIG. 10  to the position illustrated in  FIG. 11  to secure the top label  300  about the container  1000 . Top label trailing edge adhesive  406  may couple to the top label leading edge  302  if the top label leading edge  302  and trailing edge  304  overlap; otherwise, the top label trailing edge adhesive  406  may be coupled to the base label front surface  108 . 
     Once the top label  300  is in position on the container  1000  as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , at least a portion of the base label front surface indicia  106  may be visible through the window  1002 . This may allow viewing of a first portion of the base label  100  without removing the top label  300 . In various embodiments, the top label leading edge adhesive  404  may be a breakaway adhesive. Rotation of the top label  300  relative to the base label  100  may exert shear stresses on the breakaway adhesive, causing the adhesive bond affixing the top label leading edge  302  to the base label  100  to fail. The top label  300  may then be freely rotatable about the base label  100 , and a second portion of the base label  100  may be visible when the top label  300  is rotated to a second position. The window  1002  may be rectangular as illustrated in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , or any other shape as needed for a particular application. For example, the window  1002  may be a slit that reveals an alphanumeric string on the base label  100 . In various embodiments, the top label  300  may comprise more than one window  1002 . Various embodiments in which the top label trailing edge adhesive  406  is a resealable or releasable adhesive may allow the top label  300  to be peeled back to reveal the top label back surface  402  and essentially the entire base label front surface  108  or to be removed from the container  1000 , in addition to being rotatable. 
     One skilled in the art will readily recognize that labels may be applied to containers using a variety of methods and that there may be a variety of single-label and multi-label systems other than those described above. Any such application methods or label systems may be used with the present disclosure. The above descriptions are exemplary and not to be construed as limiting in any way. Examples of other application methods and label systems may be disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,884,421, 6,086,697, 6,237,269, 6,402,872, 6,631,578, 6,649,007, 7,087,298, and 7,172,668. 
       FIGS. 12 and 13  illustrate a base label  100  and top label  300 , respectively, that may comprise a label measurement system for a container, such as a medication container  1405  (see  FIG. 14 ) according to various embodiments. The base label indicia  106  may comprise a plurality of individual measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  printed thereon. The top label  300  may comprise indicia  308  relaying product-related information, safety-related information, manufacturer-related information, and the like. In various embodiments, the top label may contain a transparent window  1002  as described previously (see  FIG. 10 ). 
     In various embodiments, the plurality of measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may comprise illustrations of a second container, such as a measurement spoon, measurement cup, spray dispenser, inhaler, and the like used to dispense the contents of the container  1405 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 12 , the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may comprise illustrations of a measurement spoon. Each measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may illustrate a different dose amount. Additionally, the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may indicate the dose in a variety of formats, such as pictorial, graphical, and numerical. 
     Referring to the first measurement information indicia  1205  of a measurement spoon, the indicia  1205  may comprise a series of gradient lines  1260  that divide the measurement spoon into dose amounts or portions of dose amounts. In the embodiments illustrated in  FIG. 12 , the gradient lines  1260  indicate dose amounts of milliliters (mL) and half milliliters between each milliliter gradient line  1260 . Corresponding to at least a portion of the gradient lines  1260 , the measurement information indicia  1205  may comprise numerical indicia for the specific unit of measurement  1265 . As shown in  FIG. 12 , the specific units of measurement  1265  indicate each milliliter of volume (i.e., 4 mL, 5 mL, 6 mL, 7 mL, etc.). One skilled in the art will readily recognize that any unit of measurement (e.g., milliliters, ounces, teaspoons, tablespoons, etc.) may be used in various embodiments, and the gradient lines  1260  may indicate any whole number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, etc.) of units or partial units (e.g., ½, ⅓, ¼, etc.). 
     In various embodiments, each measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may comprise a shaded section  1270  that visually indicates to a user the proper amount to dispense from the container  1405  (i.e., the proper level to fill the second container) for the indicated dose. For example, the shaded section  1270  of the measurement information indicia  1205  indicates 4½ mL, the shaded section  1270  of measurement information indicia  1210  indicates 5 mL, the shaded section  1270  of measurement information indicia  1215  indicates 5½ mL, and so on. Each measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may also comprise numerical representation of the dosage  1275 . In various embodiments, the numerical representation of the dosage  1275  may be spaced apart from the gradient lines  1260  and the specific units of measurement  1265  such that the numerical representation of the dosage  1275  may be displayed separately or independently. For example, the user may not be familiar with the abbreviation “mL” as shown in  FIG. 12 . However, the user may instead match the number “5” of numerical representation of the dosage  1275  in the measurement information indicia  1210  with the specific unit of measurement  1265  that also indicates “5” and fill the second container to the gradient line  1260  corresponding to “5” and obtain the correct dose. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates the base label  100  positioned on the container  1405  according to various embodiments. As discussed above, the base label  100  may comprise a plurality of measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  printed on the front surface such that the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  at least partially encircle the container  1405 .  FIGS. 15A through 15C  illustrate the top label  300  in place over the base label  100  the container  1405  according to various embodiments. The base label  100  and the top label  300  may comprise a label measurement system that may be used, for example, on a medication container  1405  to provide additional functionality that may allow a consumer to obtain a wide variety of information about the product in the container  1405  in addition to the label measurement system. For example, the base label  100  and the top label  300  may provide information concerning the company that produced the product, drug facts, drug interactions, games, contests, information on related products or services, or any other information.  FIG. 15A  illustrates the top label  300  in place over the base label  100 . As described previously, the top label  300  may be applied such that the top label  300  is rotatable around a circumference of the container  1405 . In  FIG. 15A , the top label  300  has been rotated in the direction of the arrow revealing at least one of the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  through the transparent window  1002  in the top label  300 . Similarly,  FIGS. 15B and 15C  illustrate the top label  300  further rotated in the direction of the arrow, thus revealing a different one of the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  through the transparent window  1002  of the top label  300 . The top label  300  may be rotated until the desired measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  is visible in the transparent window  1002 . Although  FIGS. 15A-15C  illustrate a single measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  visible through the transparent window  1002 , two or more measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  may simultaneously be visible through the transparent window  1002  in various embodiments. 
     The measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  as shown in  FIGS. 15A through 15C  illustrate a measuring spoon (also known as a dosing spoon) commonly used to dispense a liquid medication. Such measuring spoons are often used when the patient taking the medication is a child in order to facilitate measuring the medication and administering it to the child. The measuring spoon is often packaged with the medication and delivered to the consumer. Instructions detailing the proper dose may be printed on the top label  300 . However, the consumer may not read the instructions, may misunderstand the instructions, or may be unable to read the instructions, all of which may lead to the administering of a dangerously low or high dose. 
     In various embodiments, the health care provider dispensing the medication may rotate the outer label  300  until the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  corresponding to the proper dose is visible through the transparent window  1002 . The consumer may then simply look at the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  and determine the correct dose, which may be accomplished in a number of ways without reading any instructions or even being able to read the instructions. In the exemplary situation where the prescribed dose is 8 mL, the outer label  300  may be rotated to the position shown in  FIG. 15C . The consumer may observe that the shaded section  1270  of the measurement information indicia  1240  is at the specific unit of measurement  1265  at the 8 mL mark, and then fill the second container (e.g., the measuring spoon) to the 8 mL mark. Alternatively, the consumer may fill the second container until the amount of material in the second container is approximately the same as that indicated by the shaded section  1270 . The consumer may also fill the second container until the material fills the second container to the same gradient line  1260  indicated in the measurement information indicia  1240 . Finally, the consumer may observe the numerical representation of the dose  1275  and fill the second container to the matching number. It should be noted that although the above discussion is in reference to a liquid medication dispensed from the container  1405 , the present technology is not limited to liquids. For example, the container  1405  may contain a powder that is dispensed in a volumetric dose similar to a liquid. Additionally, as described further below, the container  1405  may contain solids in other forms such as tablets, pills, capsules, and the like. 
     In various embodiments, the top label  300  may include instructions to aid the consumer in the use and interpretation of the measurement information indicia  1205 - 1255  visible in the transparent window  1002 . For example, the top label  300  in  FIG. 15A  may comprise first instruction  1505  associated with the numerical representation of the dosage  1275 , such as “Find Dose” or other similar instruction. The first instruction  1505  instructs the consumer to find the dose corresponding to the numerical representation of the dosage  1275  (in this case, 7) on the second container (e.g., the measuring spoon) and fill the second container to that level. Various embodiments of the top label  300  may also comprise a second instruction  1510  to facilitate the use of the gradient lines  1260 , the specific unit of measurement  1265 , and the shaded section  1270 . For example, the top label  300  in  FIG. 15A  may comprise second instruction  1510  such as “Fill Dosing Spoon to Indicated Level” or other similar instruction. The second instruction  1510  may instruct the consumer to fill the second container until it approximately matches the measurement information indicia  1240 . 
     Another common form of dispensing medication is by a cup.  FIGS. 16 through 18  illustrates various embodiments in which the base label indicia  106  comprises a plurality of individual measurement information indicia  1605 - 1630  printed thereon in the form of a measurement cup. The individual measurement information indicia  1605 - 1630  may also comprise gradient lines  1260 , specific units of measurement  1265 , and shaded section  1270 . The base label  100  may also comprise numerical representation of the dosage  1275  as described previously for  FIG. 12 . In certain situations, consultation with a health care provider may be required before consuming the medication. In various embodiments as illustrated in  FIG. 16 , at least one of the measurement information indicia  1630  may include directions such as “Ask Doctor” or “Consult Health Care Provider” or other similar instruction instead of a specific dose. 
     Various embodiments of the top label  100  may comprise a second transparent window  1705  in addition to the transparent window  1002  described previously. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 18 , the transparent window  1002  may display one or more of the measurement information indicia  1605 - 1630 , while the second transparent window  1705  may display the numerical representation of the dose  1275 . The second transparent window  1705  may be used to highlight the numerical representation of the dose so that the numerical value is more readily apparent. 
     Medications may also be administered by a syringe, and  FIGS. 19 through 21  illustrates the label measurement system adapted for such a delivery system according to various embodiments. The measurement information indicia  1905 - 1955  of the base label  100  may comprise illustrations of syringes having gradient lines  1260 , specific units of measurement  1265 , and shaded sections  1270  representing increasing size of the dose as described previously. The base label  100  may also comprise numerical representations of the dosage  1275  that may be visible through a transparent window  1002  as illustrated in  FIG. 21 , or a second transparent window  1705  as illustrated in  FIG. 17 .  FIG. 20  illustrates various embodiments in which the size of the transparent window  1002  may be adapted to correspond to the general shape of each measurement information indicia  1905 - 1955 . For example, the measurement information indicia  1905 - 1955  of  FIG. 19  depicts syringes, which are generally long and narrow in shape and the transparent window  1002  conforms to the same general shape. However, in  FIG. 16 , the measurement information indicia  1605 - 1630  depict measurement cups which have a more square shape and the transparent window  1002  in  FIG. 17  conforms to the generally square shape. 
     Similar to the syringe described above, a dropper may also be used to dispense the medication, and  FIGS. 22 through 24  illustrates the label measurement system adapted for such a delivery system according to various embodiments. The measurement information indicia  2205 - 2255  of the base label  100  may comprise illustrations of droppers having gradient lines  1260 , specific units of measurement  1265 , and shaded sections  1270  to represent increasing size of the dosage as described previously. The base label  100  may also comprise numerical representations of the dosage  1275  that may be visible through a transparent window  1002  as illustrated in  FIG. 23 , or a second transparent window  1705  as illustrated in  FIG. 17 . 
     While  FIGS. 12 through 24  illustrate various embodiments adapted for liquid medications, the label measurement system may also be adapted for use with solid medications such as pills, tablets, capsules, powders, and the like. For example, the measurement information indicia  2505 - 2530  of  FIG. 25  may depict pills, tablets, or capsules in the palm of a hand in the same way the consumer may shake pills, tablets, or capsules out of the container  1405  into their hand. Consequently, there may be no need for gradient lines  1260  or shaded sections  1270  as there may be no second container for dispensing the medication as with liquid medication. The measurement information indicia  2505 - 2530  may comprise specific units of measurement  1265  in the form of pictorial representations of the number of pills, tablets, or capsules in each dose. For example, measurement information indicia  2505  depicts one pill, measurement information indicia  2510  depicts 1½ pills, measurement information indicia  2515  depicts 2 tablets, and so on. The base label  100  may also comprise numerical representations of the dosage  1275  corresponding to the specific units of measurement  1265 . 
     Returning to liquid medications, a nasal inhaler may also be used to dispense medications by spraying the medication one or more times from the inhaler.  FIGS. 28-30  illustrate various embodiments of the label measurement system adapted for inhalers. The specific units of measurement  1265  may depict the number of sprays in each dose, and the dose may be further depicted in the number of inhalers in each of the measurement information indicia  2805 - 2825  in  FIG. 28 . For example, measurement information indicia  2805  depicts a single inhaler for a one-spray dose and the corresponding number “1” as the specific unit of measurement  1265 , measurement information indicia  2810  depicts two inhalers for a two-spray dose and the corresponding number “2” as the specific unit of measurement  1265 , measurement information indicia  2815  depicts three inhalers for a three-spray dose and the corresponding number “3” as the specific unit of measurement  1265 , and so on. The base label  100  may also comprise numerical representations of the dosage  1275  corresponding to the specific units of measurement  1265 . 
     Various embodiments may also be used to determine a proper dose based on consumer-related information. For example, the base label  100  may comprise a plurality of values related to the consumer-related information. The plurality of values may be presented numerically, graphically, or both. The consumer-related information may be, for example, height, weight, age, blood pressure, body temperature, level of pain or other discomfort, level of energy, level of mobility, and the like. The plurality of consumer-related information values may be positioned on the base label  100  such that when the top label  300  is rotated to a position where the desired consumer-related information value is visible in the transparent window  1002 ,  1705 , the proper dose is also visible in the transparent window  1002 ,  1705 . 
     In addition to the dispensing of liquids or solids as described above, the label measurement system may be used with containers  1405  of mixtures of liquids and solids, such as solids dissolved in liquids and solids dispersed in a liquid. 
     The top label  300  may comprise a dual ply (or multi-ply) construction in which a ply in contact with the base label  100  is a material selected for low sliding friction characteristics. The low sliding friction characteristics may enhance the ease of rotating and sliding the top label  300  about the base label  100 . In various embodiments, the top label  300  ply in contact with the base label  100  may be coated with a substance to impart the low sliding friction characteristics. 
       FIG. 31  illustrates various embodiments of the container  1405  with a cap  3105  for a liquid medication. The manufacturer of the medication may additionally provide a second container which may be used as a dosing device along with the medication, such as a measuring cup  3110 . The measuring cup  3110  may be sized to fit over a cap or closure device  3105  as illustrated in  FIG. 32  for efficient packaging. While providing the measuring cup  3110  may be advantageous for the consumer, certain challenges are presented for the manufacturer, such as reliably coupling the measuring cup  3110  to the container  1405  such that tampering of the measuring cup  3110  or the container  1405  is evident and that the measuring cup  3110  remains relatively protected from dirt and debris. Various embodiments of the label system described herein may provide solutions to these problems, as well as providing the manufacturer with expanded labeling space to present information to the consumer without resorting to separate inserts, leaflets, or other packaging. 
       FIGS. 33 and 35  illustrate a base label  100  and a top label  300 , respectively, that may comprise a label measurement system for a container, such as a medication container  1405  according to various embodiments in which the top label  300  comprises a shrink label. The base label indicia  106  may comprise a plurality of sets of printed measurement information in graphical (or pictorial) form  3305  or numerical form  3310 . Although both the graphical form  3305  and numerical form  3310  of the measurement information are shown in  FIG. 33 , various embodiments may include only one of the graphical form  3305  or numerical form  3310 . 
     The numerical form  3310  of the measurement information may comprise a plurality of individual groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340 . In various embodiments, the individual groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  may comprise information as described above about the consumer of the medication to determine the correct dosage, such as age, weight, height, body temperature, blood pressure, blood glucose level, level of pain or discomfort, level of mobility, gender, and the like. The age and weight may be particularly important for determining the correct dosage for a child. Proper dosages of many medications, particularly ones for children, are based on the weight of the child. However, physical development among individual children can vary widely, such that although an average weight of a four year old child is 40 pounds, it is not uncommon for a four year old to weigh 30 or even 50 pounds. Thus, a dosage based on an “average” four year old child of 40 pounds may be 33% too high for a four year old weighing 30 pounds, or 20% too low for the 50 pound four year old. Severe medical complications could result in either case due to improper dosage. Therefore, it is imperative that a caregiver be able to not only determine dosage by age, but also to be able to determine what weight of the child corresponds to that dosage. In this way, the caregiver can double check that the proper dosage is being administered, at least be aware that a discrepancy in dosage may exist so that a medical professional may be contacted. 
     Each individual group of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  may comprise a plurality of rows of information. As illustrated in  FIG. 33 , a first row of information may list the age of the consumer (2-3, 4-5, etc.), a second row may list the weight of the consumer (24-35, 36-47, etc.), and a third row may list the dosage (5, 7.5, etc.) corresponding to the age in the first row or the weight in the second row. Thus, for example as illustrated in  FIG. 33 , the proper dosage for a consumer age 2-3 or weighing 24-35 pounds would be 5 mL. Each successive individual group of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  may indicate progressively larger doses in equal increments (as illustrated in  FIG. 33 ), or may vary in another manner, such as according to a geometric progression, arithmetic progression, harmonic progression, logarithmic function, or the like. 
     The graphical form  3305  of the measurement information may comprise a plurality of illustrations of a dosing device  3345 - 3370 , each dosing device filled to a level corresponding to the dosage in the individual groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  immediately above. In various embodiments, the amount each illustration of a dosing device  3345 - 3370  is shown to be filled may vary in a manner similar to the variation between the dosage listed in the numerical form  3310  of the measurement information (such as linear, geometric, arithmetic, etc.). 
     The groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  and the illustrations of a dosing device  3345 - 3370  may be positioned on the base label  100  such that each numerical measurement  3315 - 3340  is aligned with an illustration of a dosing device  3345 - 3370 , thus forming a set of measurement information. For example, the embodiments of  FIG. 33  illustrate a vertical alignment between the groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  and the illustrations of a dosing device  3345 - 3370 . In this example, numerical measurement  3315  is aligned with illustration of a dosing device  3345  forming a first set of measurement information, numerical measurement  3320  is aligned with illustration of a dosing device  3350  forming a second set of measurement information, and so on. In various embodiments, the alignment between the groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  and the illustrations of a dosing device  3345 - 3370  may be horizontal, diagonal, helical, or any other alignment known in the art. 
       FIG. 34  illustrates the base label  100  positioned on the container  1405  according to various embodiments. As discussed above, the base label  100  may comprise sets of measurement information in graphical form  3305  and numerical form  3310  printed on the front surface  108  such that the measurement information  3305 ,  3310  at least partially encircle the container  1405 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 35 , various embodiments of the top label  300  may comprise indicia  308  relaying product-related information, safety-related information, manufacturer-related information, and the like. In various embodiments, the top label  300  may contain transparent window  1002  as described previously (see  FIG. 10 ). The top label  300  may also contain second transparent window  1705  as described previously (see  FIG. 17 ). The second transparent window  1705  may comprise opaque markings thereon. The opaque markings may comprise descriptions for the individual groups of numerical measurements  3315 - 3340  visible in the second transparent window  1705 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 35 , the opaque markings may indicate age, weight, and dose. In various embodiments, each of the first and second transparent windows  1002 ,  1705  may be divided into two or more transparent windows. For example,  FIG. 35  illustrates the second transparent window  1705  divided into three separate transparent windows, one to display the age, one to display the weight, and one to display the dose. 
     The top label  300  in various embodiments may comprise a material that dimensionally shrinks when exposed to an energy source. Such a material, commonly known as “shrink wrap,” may comprise a thermoplastic packaging film (or polymer film) manufactured from resins such as polyolefins or polyvinyl chlorides. The shrink wrap may also comprise, individually or in mixtures, ionomers, polyesters, polystyrenes, and polyvinylidene chlorides, among others. The shrink wrap material may comprise a monolayer or a multilayer construction. The energy source may be heat provided by a source such as hot air or hot water stream, and may include irradiation when cross-linking of the resin is desired. In various embodiments, the base label  100  may also comprise a shrink wrap material. 
     In  FIG. 36 , the top label  300  may be formed into a cylindrical shape by coupling the leading edge  302  and the trailing edge  304  to form seam  3605 . The cylindrical top label  300  may then be placed over the container  1405  as illustrated in  FIGS. 37 and 38 . The top label  300  may then be exposed to heat (or other energy source), causing the shrink wrap material to shrink and conform to the contours of the container  1405  illustrated in  FIG. 39 . In order to allow the top label  300  to rotate about the base label  100 , the tension of the shrink wrap material after shrinking may be controlled so that the top label  300  conforms to the shape of the container  1405  but not so tightly that it cannot rotate. During the heating process, the tension may be controlled by varying the temperature to which the top label  300  is exposed such that the top label  300  shrinks but does not adhere to the container  1405  or the base label  100 . 
     Referring now to  FIG. 40 , once the base label  100  and top shrink label  300  have been positioned on the container  1405 , the measuring cup  3110  may be placed over the cap  3105  in preparation for a next packaging step. It may be desirable to securely couple the measuring cup  3110  to the container  1405 , as well as to provide a tamper evident feature. Such results may be achieved by enclosing the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  (or any other dispensing device) either entirely or partially with a sleeve comprising a polymer film shrink wrap material as described previously for the top label  300 .  FIG. 41  illustrates a sheet of tamper evident sleeve material  4105 . The sheet  4105  may have a height H slightly greater than a height of the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination of  FIG. 40  such that when the sheet  4105  shrinks, a top edge  4120  of the sheet  4105  overlaps a bottom edge  4005  of the measuring cup  3110 , and a bottom edge  4125  of the sheet  4105  overlaps a bottom edge  4010  of the container  1405 . However, in certain embodiments the height H of the sheet  4105  may be less than the height of the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination, but sufficient to enclose at least a portion of the container  1405  and a portion of the measuring cup  3110 . Additionally, the sheet may have a width W large enough such that when the sheet  4105  is formed into a cylinder, the cylinder will readily slide over the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination as describe below with reference to  FIGS. 42 and 43 . 
       FIG. 41  also illustrates one or more perforations  4110  generally running the entire height H of the sheet  4105 . The perforations  4110  may facilitate removal of the sheet  4105  from the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination, as well as comprise a tamper evident feature as will be described below. Additionally, in various embodiments the sheet  4105  may comprise essentially transparent polymer film shrink wrap material. In order to make the presence of the sheet  4105  readily apparent to the consumer, identification indicia  4115  may be printer on the sheet  4105 , such as the “SAFETY SEAL” wording shown in  FIG. 41 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS. 42 through 44 , application of the sheet  4105  to the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  will be described. First, the sheet  4105  may be formed into a cylindrical shape (similar to the top label  300  as described previously) as shown in  FIG. 42 . The cylindrical sheet  4105  may then be placed over the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination as shown in  FIG. 43 . The sheet  4105  may then be exposed to an energy source, causing the sheet  4105  to shrink and conform to the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination as illustrated in  FIG. 44 . As such, the shrunken sheet  4105  may enclose at least a portion of each of the container  1405 , top label  300 , and measuring cup  3110 . 
       FIG. 45  illustrates the functionality of the tamper evident perforations  4110  according to various embodiments. Once the sheet  4105  is shrunk to conform to the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  combination, any attempt to remove the sleeve will be evident by tearing at the tamper evident perforations  4110 . Continuing to tear along the perforations  4110  may create a strip  4505  of sheet  4105  material that makes it evident that someone tampered with the sheet  4105 . For the consumer, tearing along the perforations  4110  and removing the strip  4505  (or not removing the strip  4505  and simply using the perforations  4110  to open the sheet  4105  so that it may be removed) allows the container  1405  and measuring cup  3110  to be accessed. The consumer may then remove the measuring cup  3110 , rotate the top label  300  to determine the proper dose, then dispense that dose into the measuring cup  3110 . 
     Because the top label  300  comprises a shrinkable material, after shrinking there may be intimate contact between the top label back surface  402  and the base label front surface  108 . This contact may create a strong frictional force that impedes rotation of the top label  300 . Additionally, the frictional contact may abrade any printed information  308  on the top label  300  or printed information  106  on the base label  100 . According to various embodiments as illustrated in  FIG. 46 , the base label  300  may comprise a transparent material which may allow the printed information  106  of the base label  300  to be printed on the base label back surface  208  such that printed information  106  is adjacent to the outer surface of the container  1405  and will be visible through the transparent material. The printed information  106  would be positioned away from the top label  300  such that the printed information  106  would not be abraded by the rotating top label  300 . A friction reducing coating  4605  may be placed on the base label front surface  108  to reduce friction with the rotating top label  300 . As illustrated by various embodiments in  FIG. 47 , the top label  300  may also comprise a transparent material. The printed information  308  of the top label  300  may be printed on the top label back surface  402  such that the printed information  308  is visible through the transparent material. Placing the printed information  308  on the top label back surface  402  protects the printed information  308  from abrasion due to handling. In addition, the friction reducing coating  4605  may be placed over the printed information  308  and the top label back surface  402  to protect the printed information  308  from abrasion when the top label  300  is rotated. 
       FIG. 48  illustrates a general flow chart of various embodiments of a method  4800  for measuring material dispensed from a container. A container may be received at step  4805 , then a base label  100  may be applied to the container  1405  (step  4810 ). The base label  100  may have a back surface  206  and a front surface  108 . A plurality of units of measurement  1265  may be printed on the front surface  108  of the base label  100 . Referring, for example, to  FIG. 12 , the units of measurement may comprise specific units of measurement  1265  such as 1 mL, 2 mL, 3 mL, etc., or any other unit of measurement. At step  4815 , at least a portion of the front surface  108  of the base label  100  may be covered with an opaque rotating top label  300 . The opaque rotating top label may comprise a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to a light source. In various embodiments, the base label  100  may be coupled to the container  1405  while the top label  300  is free to rotate about the base label  100 . A transparent window  1002  may be placed within a portion of the opaque rotating top label  300  at step  4820  such that at least a portion of the printed units of measurement  1265  is visible through the transparent window  1002 . As the top label  100  is rotated about the base label  100 , one or more of the other printed units of measurement may alternately be visible through the transparent window  1002 . In various embodiments, more than one of the printed units of measurement  1265  may be visible through the transparent window  1002 . In various other embodiments, the top label  300  may comprise at least a second transparent window  1705  such that multiple indicia may be visible simultaneously through the multiple transparent windows  1002 ,  1705 . At step  4825 , a predetermined second container may be coupled to the container  1405 . In various embodiments, the predetermined second container may comprise a measuring device or cup  3110 . The measuring cup  3110  may be inverted and placed over a closure device or cap  3105  of the container, such that the cap  3105  is positioned inside the inverted measuring cup  3110 . At step  4830 , a sleeve comprising a polymer film that shrinks when exposed to an energy source may enclose at least a portion of each of the container  1405 , the opaque rotating top label  300 , and the predetermined second container  3110 . By way of example, the sleeve may comprise a sheet  4105  of polymer film shrink wrap. The sheet  4105  may be formed into a cylindrical shape and placed over the container  1405  and the predetermined second container  3110 . The sheet  4105  may then be exposed to a heat source, causing the sheet to shrink and conform to the container  1405  and the predetermined second container  3110 , thereby enclosing at least a portion of each of the container  1405 , top label  300 , and predetermined second container  3110 . At least one perforation  4110  may be provided in the sleeve at step  4835 , the at least one perforation  4110  generally running from top to bottom of the sheet  4105  as viewed when the sheet  4105  is enclosing the container  1405 , although other orientations of the at least one perforation  4110  are contemplated. The sleeve may be allowed to tear along one of the perforations  4110  at step  4840 , thereby allowing predetermined second container  3110  to be decoupled from the container  1405 . The top label  300  may be allowed to rotate at step  4845  to a specific unit of measurement  1265  that may correspond to a desired dose. When the top label  300  is rotated to the desired specific unit of measurement  1265 , an indicia associated with the specific unit of measurement  1265  may be displayed in the transparent window  1002  or the second transparent window  1705  (step  4850 ). Referring to  FIG. 33 , the indicia may comprise a graphical or pictorial representation  3305  of the dosage  1275 . At step  4855 , an opening may be provided in the container  1405  for dispensing material from the container  1405 . The material may be dispensed from the container  1405  until an amount dispensed is at or near an amount approximated by the indicia  3305 . 
     Various embodiments of the base label  100  as illustrated in  FIG. 49  may comprise a first section  4905  and a second section  4910 . The first section  4905  may be position about a top portion of the container  1405 , which may include the cap  3105  and, if present, measuring cup  3110 . The second section  4910  may be positioned around a bottom portion of the container  1405 . The first section  4905  and the second section  4910  of the base label  100  may be coupled to one another by a first perforation  4915 . The first perforation  4915  may allow the consumer to decouple the first section  4905  to reveal the cap  3105  and/or the measuring cup  3110 . The first section  4905  may also comprise one or more tamper evident perforations  4920  that may intersect the first perforation  4915 . In various embodiments, it may be difficult to remove the first section  4905  without tearing or separating the first section  4905  along the tamper evident perforation  4920 . Thus, any tearing or separating of the tamper evident perforation  4920  may indicate previous tampering. In various embodiments, the base label  100  may comprise a heat shrinkable material as described previously for the top label  300 . 
     In  FIG. 50 , the base label  100  maybe formed into a cylindrical shape by coupling the leading edge  102  and the trailing edge  104  to form a seam  5005 . The cylindrical base label  100  may then be placed over the container  1405  as illustrated in  FIG. 51 . The base label  100  may then be exposed to heat (or other energy source), causing the shrink wrap material to shrink and conform to the contours of the container  1405 , cap  3105 , and measuring cup  3110  if present as illustrated in  FIG. 52 . During the heating process, the tension shrink wrap material may be controlled by varying the temperature to which the base label  100  is exposed. The first section  4905  of the base label  100  may be exposed to a different temperature than the second section  49101  such that the tension of the first section  4905  is greater than the tension of the second section  4910 . Alternatively, the first section  4905  and the second section  4910  may comprise different thermoplastic resins that shrink different amounts when exposed to the same temperature. 
     In  FIG. 53 , the top label  300  may also be formed into a cylindrical shape as described previously and positioned over the container  1405  in which the base label  100  has already been shrink wrapped into place as shown in  FIG. 52 . The top label  300  may then be exposed to a heat source so that the top label  300  conforms to the container  1405  as shown in  FIG. 54 . During the heating process, the tension of the top label  300  may be controlled by varying the temperature to which the top label  300  is exposed such that the top label  300  shrinks but does not adhere to the container  1405  or the base label  100 , and is able to freely rotate. 
       FIG. 55  illustrates the functionality of the tamper evident perforation  4920  according to various embodiments. Once the base label  100  is shrunk to conform to the container  1405 , any attempt to remove the first section  4905  of the base label  100  will be evident by the tearing at the tamper evident perforation  4920 . As the tearing along the tamper evident perforation  4920  continues, the tear may eventually reach the first perforation  4915 , redirecting the tear along the first perforation  4915  as illustrated in  FIG. 56 . Continuing to tear along the first perforation  4915  around the circumference of the container  1405  may allow the first section  4905  of base label  100  to be decoupled from the second section  4910  of the base label  100 , thereby exposing the measuring cup  3110  and the cap  3105 . The measuring cup  3110  may then be removed from the cap  3105 . 
     Referring again to  FIG. 56 , the top label  300  may also serve to prevent or to mitigate undesired tearing of the base label  100  that does not occur along the first perforation  4915  or the tamper evident perforation  4920 . On occasion, when the user tears the first section  4905  of the base label  100  along the tamper evident perforation  4920 , the base label  100  may continue to tear downwards rather than being redirected along the first perforation  4915 . If this undesired tearing were allowed to continue, the entire base label  100  could tear and fall off of the container  1405 . Such an outcome may render the label system unusable and may prevent use of the contents of the container  1405 . However, because the top label  300  conforms tightly to the container  1405  over the base label  100 , the top label  300  may serve to stop the undesired tearing and prevent further tearing beyond a top edge of the top label  300 , thus preserving the integrity of the label system. 
     In various embodiments, all or a portion of the indicia  106  may be imprinted, embossed, or molded directly on an outer surface of the container  1405  in place of all or a portion of the base label  100 . The imprinting or embossing may be carried out using any printing or image transfer method known in the art. In various embodiments, the printing or image transfer method may be an offset process in which an image is transferred from a plate to an intermediate carrier, then to the outer surface of the container  1405 . The offset process may also involve lithographic techniques. Other printing or image transfer methods may comprise, for example, flexography, pad printing, relief printing, rotogravure, screen printing, and electrophotography. According to various embodiments, the indicia  106  may be digitally printed on the outer surface of the container  1405  using, for example, inkjet printing or laser printing. Chemical printing technologies, such as blueprint or diazo print may also be used in various embodiments. 
     Spatially relative terms such as “under”, “below”, “lower”, “over”, “upper”, and the like, are used for ease of description to explain the positioning of one element relative to a second element. These terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to different orientations than those depicted in the figures. Further, terms such as “first”, “second”, and the like, are also used to describe various elements, regions, sections, etc. and are also not intended to be limiting. Like terms refer to like elements throughout the description. 
     As used herein, the terms “having”, “containing”, “including”, “comprising”, and the like are open ended terms that indicate the presence of stated elements or features, but do not preclude additional elements or features. The articles “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural as well as the singular, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     The present invention may be carried out in other specific ways than those herein set forth without departing from the scope and essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.