Patent Publication Number: US-11385770-B1

Title: User interfaces for single-handed mobile device control

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates generally to mobile devices and related methods, including but not limited to user interfaces for interacting with mobile devices. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNOLOGY 
     Mobile devices such as cellular telephones have become nearly ubiquitous features of modern life. Although some existing user interfaces for controlling mobile devices provide acceptable performance under some conditions, improved methods and devices may be desirable. 
     SUMMARY 
     The systems, methods and devices of the disclosure each have several innovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for the desirable attributes disclosed herein. 
     One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in an apparatus. According to some examples, the apparatus may be integrated into a mobile device. The apparatus may include a display and a control system configured for communication with (such as electrically or wirelessly coupled to) the display. In some examples, the apparatus may include a touch sensor system, a gesture sensor system, a fingerprint sensor system or a microphone system. In some examples, the control system may include a memory, whereas in other examples the control system may be configured for communication with a memory that is not part of the control system. The control system may include one or more general purpose single- or multi-chip processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or combinations thereof. 
     According to some examples, the display may be configured to present, while the apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on the display. The first configuration may correspond to a first icon arrangement. In some such examples, the display may be configured to present, associated with a custom event, the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation. The second configuration may correspond to a second icon arrangement. In some instances, a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration may be different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration. 
     In some examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a second half of the display in the second configuration. 
     According to some examples, a row of icons including the at least one icon may be displayed in the first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed in the second half of the display in the second configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a first side of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a second side of the display in the second configuration. The second side may be a side opposite the first side. 
     Other innovative aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method. In some examples, the method may involve presenting, while an apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on a display of the apparatus. The first configuration may correspond to a first icon arrangement. In some such examples, the method may involve presenting, associated with a custom event, the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation. The second configuration may correspond to a second icon arrangement. In some instances, a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration may be different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration. 
     In some examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a second half of the display in the second configuration. 
     According to some examples, a row of icons including the at least one icon may be displayed in the first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed in the second half of the display in the second configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a first side of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a second side of the display in the second configuration. The second side may be a side opposite the first side. 
     Some or all of the operations, functions or methods described herein may be performed by one or more devices according to instructions (such as software) stored on one or more non-transitory media. Such non-transitory media may include memory devices such as those described herein, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM) devices, read-only memory (ROM) devices, etc. Accordingly, some innovative aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in one or more non-transitory media having software stored thereon. For example, the software may include instructions for controlling one or more devices to perform a method. 
     In some examples, the method may involve presenting, while an apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on a display of the apparatus. The first configuration may correspond to a first icon arrangement. In some such examples, the method may involve presenting, associated with a custom event, the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation. The second configuration may correspond to a second icon arrangement. In some instances, a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration may be different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration. 
     In some examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the at least one icon may be displayed in a second half of the display in the second configuration. 
     According to some examples, a row of icons including the at least one icon may be displayed in the first half of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed in the second half of the display in the second configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a first side of the display in the first configuration. In some such examples, the row of icons may be displayed proximate a second side of the display in the second configuration. The second side may be a side opposite the first side. 
     Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter described in this specification are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims. Note that the relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn to scale. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram that presents example components of an apparatus. 
         FIG. 2A  presents an example of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 2B  presents an example of an icon arrangement associated with a custom event. 
         FIG. 3A  presents another example of a custom event touch pattern. 
         FIGS. 3B and 3C  present examples of received touch patterns that may be received from a touch sensor system. 
         FIG. 3D  presents another example of a custom event touch pattern. 
         FIGS. 3E and 3F  present additional examples of received touch patterns that may be received from the touch sensor system. 
         FIG. 4  presents an apparatus displaying an example of an apparatus providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for enabling or disabling a single-handed operational mode. 
         FIG. 5  presents examples of blocks for enabling a single-handed operational mode. 
         FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C  present examples of icon arrangements and corresponding touch position data. 
         FIG. 7  presents a cross-section through a portion of the apparatus of  FIG. 1  according to one example. 
         FIG. 8  is a flow diagram that presents examples of operations according to some disclosed methods. 
         FIG. 9  presents an example of an apparatus that is configured to implement some alternative single-handed operational methods. 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  present examples of a mobile device that is configured for providing single-handed functionality. 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  present images that represent fingerprint image data corresponding to upward and downward finger forces, respectively. 
         FIGS. 12 and 13  present additional examples of single-handed operational modes. 
         FIG. 14  presents yet another example of a single-handed operational mode. 
         FIG. 15  is a flow diagram that presents examples of operations according to some additional disclosed methods. 
     
    
    
     Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following description is directed to certain implementations for the purposes of describing the innovative aspects of this disclosure. However, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the teachings herein may be applied in a multitude of different ways. The described implementations may be implemented in any device, apparatus, or system that includes a biometric system as disclosed herein. In addition, it is contemplated that the described implementations may be included in or associated with a variety of electronic devices such as, but not limited to: mobile telephones, multimedia Internet enabled cellular telephones, mobile television receivers, wireless devices, smartphones, smart cards, wearable devices such as bracelets, armbands, wristbands, rings, headbands, patches, etc., Bluetooth® devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), wireless electronic mail receivers, hand-held or portable computers, netbooks, notebooks, smartbooks, tablets, printers, copiers, scanners, facsimile devices, global positioning system (GPS) receivers/navigators, cameras, digital media players (such as MP3 players), camcorders, game consoles, wrist watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat panel displays, electronic reading devices (such as e-readers), mobile health devices, computer monitors, auto displays (including odometer and speedometer displays, etc.), cockpit controls or displays, camera view displays (such as the display of a rear view camera in a vehicle), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, microwaves, refrigerators, stereo systems, cassette recorders or players, DVD players, CD players, VCRs, radios, portable memory chips, washers, dryers, washer/dryers, parking meters, packaging (such as in electromechanical systems (EMS) applications including microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications, as well as non-EMS applications), aesthetic structures (such as display of images on a piece of jewelry or clothing) and a variety of EMS devices. The teachings herein also may be used in applications such as, but not limited to, electronic switching devices, radio frequency filters, sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, motion-sensing devices, magnetometers, inertial components for consumer electronics, parts of consumer electronics products, steering wheels or other automobile parts, varactors, liquid crystal devices, electrophoretic devices, drive schemes, manufacturing processes and electronic test equipment. Thus, the teachings are not intended to be limited to the implementations depicted solely in the Figures, but instead have wide applicability as will be readily apparent to one having ordinary skill in the art. 
     A common method for controlling devices involves presenting icons in icon positions on a display of the device. Each of the icons may correspond to a software application. A control system of the device may be configured to initialize a selected software application in association with (for example, in response to) receiving, from a touch sensor system, a touch indication in an icon position. 
     It is common for icons to occupy much of the active display area of a mobile device. The screen sizes of mobile devices, such as cellular telephones, have been increasing in recent years. If a mobile device is being held in a user&#39;s hand, it can be very difficult to interact with all displayed icons with the same hand. For example, if a user is holding the lower half of a cellular telephone with one hand, it may be difficult or impossible for the user to reach icons displayed in the upper half of the device&#39;s display screen with the same hand. 
     Some disclosed methods may involve presenting, while an apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on a display of the apparatus. The first configuration may correspond to a first icon arrangement. Some disclosed methods involve presenting, associated with a custom event (such as a particular touch pattern or gesture pattern), the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation. The second configuration may correspond to a second icon arrangement where a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration is different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration. For example, in the first icon arrangement a row of icons may be presented at the top of the display, whereas in the second icon arrangement the row of icons may be presented at the bottom of the display. 
     Particular implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages. Some disclosed methods allow a user to reach all icons displayed on a mobile device display with the same hand that is holding the mobile device. In some such examples, the mobile device may allow the user to rearrange displayed icons in response to user input corresponding to a custom event (such as a particular touch pattern, gesture pattern, voice command, etc.). Some disclosed implementations may allow a user to reach all icons with the hand that is holding the mobile device without decreasing the area of the display on which the icons are presented. Alternatively, or additionally, in some examples a user may select a desired icon using a displayed cursor that is controlled according to input from a sensor system, such as a touch sensor system or a fingerprint sensor system. Allowing a user to select icons using the hand that is holding a mobile device allows the user to use the other hand for another purpose. 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram that presents example components of an apparatus. In this example, the apparatus  101  includes a control system  106  and a display system  110 . Some implementations may include an interface system  104 , a fingerprint sensor system  102 , a touch sensor system  103  or a memory system  108 . 
     According to some examples, the fingerprint sensor system  102  may be, or may include, an ultrasonic fingerprint sensor. Alternatively, or additionally, in some implementations the fingerprint sensor system  102  may be, or may include, an optical fingerprint sensor. In some examples, an ultrasonic version of the fingerprint sensor system  102  may include an ultrasonic receiver and a separate ultrasonic transmitter. In some such examples, the ultrasonic transmitter may include an ultrasonic plane-wave generator. However, various examples of ultrasonic fingerprint sensors are disclosed herein, some of which may include a separate ultrasonic transmitter and some of which may not. For example, in some implementations, the fingerprint sensor system  102  may include a piezoelectric receiver layer, such as a layer of polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF polymer or a layer of polyvinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene (PVDF-TrFE) copolymer. In some implementations, a separate piezoelectric layer may serve as the ultrasonic transmitter. In some implementations, a single piezoelectric layer may serve as both a transmitter and a receiver. The fingerprint sensor system  102  may, in some examples, include an array of ultrasonic transducer elements, such as an array of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs), an array of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUTs), etc. In some such examples, PMUT elements in a single-layer array of PMUTs or CMUT elements in a single-layer array of CMUTs may be used as ultrasonic transmitters as well as ultrasonic receivers. 
     Data received from the fingerprint sensor system  102  may sometimes be referred to herein as “fingerprint sensor data,” “fingerprint image data,” etc., although the data will generally be received from the fingerprint sensor system in the form of electrical signals. Accordingly, without additional processing such image data would not necessarily be perceivable by a human being as an image. 
     The touch sensor system  103  may be, or may include, a resistive touch sensor system, a surface capacitive touch sensor system, a projected capacitive touch sensor system, a surface acoustic wave touch sensor system, an infrared touch sensor system, or any other suitable type of touch sensor system. In some implementations, the area of the touch sensor system  103  may extend over most or all of a display portion of the display system  110 . 
     The control system  106  may include one or more general purpose single- or multi-chip processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or combinations thereof. According to some examples, the control system  106  also may include one or more memory devices, such as one or more random access memory (RAM) devices, read-only memory (ROM) devices, etc. In this example, the control system  106  is configured for communication with, and for controlling, the display system  110 . In implementations where the apparatus includes a fingerprint sensor system  102 , the control system  106  is configured for communication with, and for controlling, the fingerprint sensor system  102 . In implementations where the apparatus includes a touch sensor system  103 , the control system  106  is configured for communication with, and for controlling, the touch sensor system  103 . In implementations where the apparatus includes a memory system  108  that is separate from the control system  106 , the control system  106  also may be configured for communication with the memory system  108 . In implementations where the apparatus includes a microphone system  112 , the control system  106  is configured for communication with, and for controlling, the microphone system  112 . In implementations where the apparatus includes an inertial sensor system  114 , the control system  106  is configured for communication with, and for controlling, the inertial sensor system  114 . According to some examples, the control system  106  may include one or more dedicated components for controlling the fingerprint sensor system  102 , the touch sensor system  103 , the memory system  108 , the display system  110 , the microphone system  112  or the inertial sensor system  114 . In some implementations, functionality of the control system  106  may be partitioned between one or more controllers or processors, such as between a dedicated sensor controller and an applications processor of a mobile device. 
     In some examples, the memory system  108  may include one or more memory devices, such as one or more RAM devices, ROM devices, etc. In some implementations, the memory system  108  may include one or more computer-readable media, storage media or storage media. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that may be enabled to transfer a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer. In some examples, the memory system  108  may include one or more non-transitory media. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc ROM (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer. 
     Some implementations of the apparatus  101  may include an interface system  104 . In some examples, the interface system  104  may include a wireless interface system. In some implementations, the interface system  104  may include a user interface system, one or more network interfaces, one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the fingerprint sensor system  102 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the touch sensor system  103 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the memory system  108 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the display system  110 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the microphone system  112 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the inertial sensor system  114 , one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and the gesture sensor system  116  or one or more interfaces between the control system  106  and one or more external device interfaces (such as ports or applications processors). 
     The interface system  104  may be configured to provide communication (which may include wired or wireless communication, electrical communication, radio communication, etc.) between components of the apparatus  101 . In some such examples, the interface system  104  may be configured to provide communication between the control system  106  and the fingerprint sensor system  102 . According to some such examples, the interface system  104  may couple at least a portion of the control system  106  to the fingerprint sensor system  102  and the interface system  104  may couple at least a portion of the control system  106  to the touch sensor system  103 , such as via electrically conducting material (for example, via conductive metal wires or traces). According to some examples, the interface system  104  may be configured to provide communication between the apparatus  101  and other devices or human beings. In some such examples, the interface system  104  may include one or more user interfaces. The interface system  104  may, in some examples, include one or more network interfaces or one or more external device interfaces (such as one or more universal serial bus (USB) interfaces or a serial peripheral interface (SPI)). 
     In this example, the apparatus  101  includes a display system  110  that includes one or more displays. In some examples, the display system  110  may be, or may include, a light-emitting diode (LED) display, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. In some such examples, the display system  110  may include layers, which may be referred to collectively as a “display stack.” 
     In some implementations, the apparatus  101  may include a microphone system  112 . The microphone system  112  may include one or more microphones. 
     According to some implementations, the apparatus  101  may include an inertial sensor system  114 . The inertial sensor system  114  may include one or more types of inertial sensors, such as gyroscopes or accelerometers. The inertial sensor system  114  may be configured to provide inertial sensor data to the control system  106  indicating the orientation of the apparatus  101 . 
     In some implementations, the apparatus  101  may include a gesture sensor system  116 . The gesture sensor system  116  may be, or may include, an ultrasonic gesture sensor system, an optical gesture sensor system or any other suitable type of gesture sensor system. One example of a gesture sensor system  116  is described below with reference to  FIG. 7 . 
     The apparatus  101  may be used in a variety of different contexts, some examples of which are disclosed herein. For example, in some implementations a mobile device may include at least a portion of the apparatus  101 . In some implementations, a wearable device may include at least a portion of the apparatus  101 . The wearable device may, for example, be a bracelet, an armband, a wristband, a ring, a headband or a patch. In some implementations, the control system  106  may reside in more than one device. For example, a portion of the control system  106  may reside in a wearable device and another portion of the control system  106  may reside in another device, such as a mobile device (for example, a smartphone). The interface system  104  also may, in some such examples, reside in more than one device. 
       FIG. 2A  presents an example of the apparatus of  FIG. 1 . As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIG. 2A  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations of the apparatus  101  may have different numbers, arrangements or types of elements. 
     In this example, the apparatus  101  is mobile device, which in this instance is a cellular telephone. In this instance, the apparatus  101  is being held by the hand  203  of a user. According to this example, the display  210  is an instance of the display system  110  that is described with reference to  FIG. 1 . In this implementation, the apparatus  101  includes an instance of the touch sensor system  103  of  FIG. 1  proximate the display  210 , for example residing between the display  210  and a cover glass. In this example, the apparatus  101  includes instances of the control system  106  and the inertial sensor system  114  of  FIG. 1 , although these elements are not presented in  FIG. 2A . 
     According to this example, icons  205  are being presented on the display  210 . In this example, each of the icons  205  corresponds to a different software application or “app,” as indicated by the letters A-R. In this instance, icons  205  corresponding to apps A-I are being presented in the upper half  215   a  of the display  210  in icon rows  210   a ,  210   b  and  210   c . Similarly, icons  205  corresponding to apps J-R are being presented in the lower half  215   b  of the display  210  in icon rows  210   d ,  210   e  and  210   f . This configuration of icons is one example of what may be referred to herein as an “icon arrangement.” 
     In this example, the control system  106  of the apparatus  101  is configured to initialize a selected app in association with (such as in response to) receiving, from the touch sensor system  103 , a touch indication in an icon position. Accordingly, in this example a user may select an app by touching the apparatus  101  in the area of a corresponding icon  205 . For example, the user may select app A by touching the apparatus  101  in the area of the icon  205   a . One may observe that it would be challenging for the user to reach the icons  205  that are being presented in the upper half  215   a  using a digit of the hand  203  while the hand  203  is holding the apparatus  101 . 
     In the example presented in  FIG. 2A , the user is moving the thumb  207  to provide an example of user input that will be referred to herein as a “custom event.” The custom event may correspond to a single-handed operational mode. In some such examples, prior to the custom event, the single-handed operational mode may have been enabled according to user input. On such example is described below with reference to  FIG. 4 . 
     According to this example, the custom event is provided via touch sensor data received from the touch sensor system  103  indicating a received touch pattern  211   a . According to some examples where the apparatus  101  includes a fingerprint sensor system  102 , the received touch pattern  211   a  (or a received gesture pattern) may be received from the fingerprint sensor system  102 . In this example, the custom event touch pattern  209   a  is a clockwise circular swipe, which the received touch pattern  211   a  approximates. The control system  106  may, for example, determine whether the received touch pattern  211   a  corresponds with a particular device operation by reference to a data structure that includes touch patterns and corresponding device operations. Various alternative examples of custom event touch patterns are described below with reference to  FIGS. 3A-3F . 
     In some implementations, the apparatus  101  is configured to present, associated with a custom event, the icons  205  in a second configuration on the display  210 . In some such examples, the apparatus  101  is configured to present the icons  205  in the second configuration on the display  210  while the apparatus  101  remains substantially in the same orientation. In other words, in some such examples the icons  205  are not presented in the second configuration in response to inertial sensor data from the inertial sensor system  114  indicating that the apparatus has been rotated or otherwise re-oriented. In some instances, the second configuration corresponds to a second icon arrangement in which a position of at least one icon has changed, relative to a previous icon arrangement. 
       FIG. 2B  presents an example of an icon arrangement associated with a custom event. According to this example, associated with the custom event, the display  210  is now presenting the icon row  210   a  in the lower half  215   b  of the display  210 . At the time corresponding with  FIG. 2B , the icon row  210   a  is now the closest row of icons to side  220   b  of the apparatus  101  and the closest row of icons to the thumb  207 . Icon rows  210   b - 210   f  are now being presented one row closer to side  220   a  of the apparatus  101 , as compared to the positions of icon rows  210   b - 210   f  that are presented in  FIG. 2A . From the user&#39;s perspective, it may appear as though the icon rows  210   b - 210   f  have moved in the direction of the arrow  225 . The user may perceive that the custom event has caused the icon row  210   a  to “wrap around” the apparatus  101  from the position of the icon row  210   a  presented in  FIG. 2A  to the position of the icon row  210   a  presented in  FIG. 2B . 
     According to some examples, if the user provides additional user input corresponding to the custom event, the display  210  will present the icon row  210   b  as the closest row of icons to side  220   b . In some such examples, icon rows  210   a  and  210   c - 210   f  will be presented one row closer to side  220   a  of the apparatus  101 , as compared to the positions of icon rows  210   a  and  210   c - 210   f  that are presented in  FIG. 2B . According to some such implementations, by repeatedly providing user input corresponding to a custom event, the user may perceive that the display  210  is scrolling through the icon rows  210   a - 210   f.    
     According to some alternative examples, the custom event may cause two or more icon rows to be re-positioned, for example to cause two or more icon rows previously presented in the upper half  215   a  to be presented in the lower half  215   b . In some alternative examples, the custom event may cause one or more individual icons  205  to be re-positioned, for example to cause one or more individual icons  205  previously presented in the upper half  215   a  to be presented in the lower half  215   b.    
     In some instances, another type of custom event may cause the display  210  to position the icons  205  differently from what is described above with reference to  FIGS. 2A and 2B . For example, one counter-clockwise circular custom event touch pattern or custom event gesture pattern may cause the positions of the icons  205  to revert from the icon positions presented in  FIG. 2B  to those presented in  FIG. 2A . A second counter-clockwise circular custom event touch pattern or custom event gesture pattern may cause the icon row  210   f  to be presented between the icon row  210   a  and the side  220   a , and for the icon rows  210   a - 210   e  to be presented one row closer to the side  220   b.    
     In some examples, the apparatus  101  may include an instance of the gesture sensor system  116  that is described above with reference to  FIG. 1 . According to some such examples, the custom event may correspond to gesture sensor data received from a gesture sensor system indicating a custom event gesture pattern. In some implementations, the custom event gesture pattern may be the same as the custom event touch pattern, which in this example is a clockwise circular swipe. According to some such implementations, a user may provide user input corresponding to the custom even via either the custom event gesture pattern or the custom event touch pattern. However, in some implementations the custom event gesture pattern may not be the same as the custom event touch pattern. In some implementations, a user may be able to indicate a custom event via a custom event gesture pattern or a custom event touch pattern, but not both. 
     In some examples, the apparatus may include an instance of the microphone system  112  that is described above with reference to  FIG. 1 . In some such examples, the apparatus  101  may be configured to receive a custom event via the microphone system  112 . For example, microphone data received from the microphone system may indicate (for example as determined by the control system  106 ) a custom event sound pattern. According to some such implementations, the control system  106  may be configured to control the apparatus  101  via voice commands received via the microphone system  112 . 
       FIG. 3A  presents another example of a custom event touch pattern. In this example, the custom event touch pattern  209   b  is V-shaped: here, the custom event touch pattern  209   b  includes sides  303   a  and  303   b , separated by an angle α. According to this example, the bisector  305   a  of angle α is parallel to the y axis presented in  FIG. 3A . In some instances, the y axis may be parallel to a long axis of an implementation of the apparatus  101 , for example as presented in  FIG. 2B . In some implementations, the custom event touch pattern  209   b  also may correspond to a custom event gesture pattern. 
       FIGS. 3B and 3C  present examples of received touch patterns that may be received from a touch sensor system. In these examples, a dashed outline of the custom event touch pattern  209   b  is superimposed on each of the received touch patterns  211   b  and  211   c.    
     In the example presented in  FIG. 2A , the custom event touch pattern  209   a  is a clockwise circular swipe, whereas the received touch pattern  211   a  is only an approximation of the custom event touch pattern  209   a .  FIGS. 3B and 3C  present additional examples of what, in some instances, a control system  106  may determine to be acceptable approximations of a custom event touch pattern. 
     In the example presented in  FIG. 3B , the received touch pattern  211   b  includes sides  303   c  and  303   d , which are separated by an angle β. Here, bisector  305   b  bisects the angle β. According to the example presented in  FIG. 3C , the received touch pattern  211   c  includes sides  303   e  and  303   f , which are separated by an angle γ. In this example, bisector  305   c  bisects the angle γ. 
     A control system may be configured to evaluate various aspects of the received touch patterns  211   b  and  211   c  in order to determine whether the received touch patterns  211   b  and  211   c  are acceptable approximations of the custom event touch pattern  209   b . For example, the control system may be configured to evaluate a difference between the orientation of the bisector  305   a  and those of the bisectors  305   b  and  305   c , such as whether the bisectors  305   b  and  305   c  are within an angle range (for example +/−5 degrees, +/−10 degrees, +/−15 degrees, +/−20 degrees, etc.) of the bisector  305   a . In some examples, the control system may be configured to determine whether the angles β and γ are within an angle range (for example +/−5 degrees, +/−10 degrees, +/−15 degrees, +/−20 degrees, etc.) of the angle α. In some examples, the control system may be configured to determine whether the sides  303   c  and  303   e  are within an angle range (for example +/−5 degrees, +/−10 degrees, +/−15 degrees, +/−20 degrees, etc.) of the side  303   a . In some instances, the control system may be configured to determine whether the sides  303   c  and  303   e  are within a length range (for example +/−5%, +/−10%, +/−15%, +/−20%, +/−25%, +/−30%, etc.) of the length of side  303   a . According to some examples, the control system may be configured to determine whether the sides  303   d  and  303   f  are within an angle range (for example +/−5 degrees, +/−10 degrees, +/−15 degrees, +/−20 degrees, etc.) of the side  303   b . In some instances, the control system may be configured to determine whether the sides  303   d  and  303   f  are within a length range (for example +/−5%, +/−10%, +/−15%, +/−20%, +/−25%, +/−30%, etc.) of the length of side  303   b.    
       FIG. 3D  presents another example of a custom event touch pattern. In this example, the custom event touch pattern  209   c  is V-shaped and includes sides  303   g  and  303   h , separated by an angle δ. According to this example, the bisector  305   a  of angle δ is parallel to the x axis presented in  FIG. 3D . In some implementations, the custom event touch pattern  209   c  also may correspond to a custom event gesture pattern. 
       FIGS. 3E and 3F  present additional examples of received touch patterns that may be received from the touch sensor system. In these examples, a dashed outline of the custom event touch pattern  209   c  is superimposed on each of the received touch patterns  211   d  and  211   e . In some implementations, a control system may be configured to evaluate various aspects of the received touch patterns  211   d  and  211   e  in order to determine whether the received touch patterns  211   d  and  211   e  are acceptable approximations of the custom event touch pattern  209   c . According to some examples, the evaluation may be performed as described above with reference to  FIGS. 3A-3C . 
       FIG. 4  presents an apparatus displaying an example of an apparatus providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for enabling or disabling a single-handed operational mode. As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIG. 4  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations may have different numbers, arrangements or types of elements. 
     In this example, the apparatus  101  is a cellular telephone. According to this example, the display  410  is an instance of the display system  110  that is described with reference to  FIG. 1 . In this implementation, the apparatus  101  includes an instance of the touch sensor system  103  of  FIG. 1  proximate the display  210 , for example residing between the display  210  and a cover. In this example, the apparatus  101  also includes instances of the control system  106  and the gesture sensor system  116  of  FIG. 1 , although these elements are not presented in  FIG. 4 . 
     According to this example, the GUI  405  includes textual portions  410   a  and  410   b , graphic portion  415  and user interface portion  420 . In this example, the textual portion  410   a  provides a brief description of a single-handed operational mode. Here, the graphic portion  415  presents an example of a custom event pattern, which is the custom event touch pattern  209   a  in this instance. In this example, the custom event pattern presented in the graphic portion  415  is also a custom event gesture pattern. 
     In this example, the textual portion  410   b  provides a textual prompt for a user to decide whether to enable the single-handed operational mode. Here, a user may enable the single-handed operational mode by touching the “Yes” or “No” portion of the user interface portion  420 , indicating whether or not the single-handed operational mode will be enabled. In some implementations, the control system will either enable or disable the single-handed operational mode according to user input received via the user interface portion  420 . 
     According to some implementations, the control system may be configured to disable the single-handed operational mode even when no user input has been received indicating that the single-handed operational mode should be disabled. In some such examples, the control system may be configured to disable the single-handed operational mode when the control system is executing a type of software application, such as a gaming application that involves two-handed user input. 
       FIG. 5  presents examples of blocks for enabling a single-handed operational mode. As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, sequences, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIG. 5  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations may have different numbers, sequences, arrangements or types of elements. 
     In this example, software application types  505   a ,  505   b ,  505   c ,  505   d  and  505   e  are being executed by a control system, which may be an instance of the control system  106  that is described above with reference to  FIG. 1 . According to this example, the imaging framework module  509 , the blend module  520 , the single-hand user interface (UI) manager  530  (including the transform estimator module  535 ) and the touch event coordinator  550  are implemented via the control system. 
     In this instance, the software application types  505   a ,  505   b ,  505   c ,  505   d  and  505   e  are providing input (such as updates) to the imaging framework module  509 . Each of the layers  515   a ,  515   b ,  515   c ,  515   d  and  515   e  corresponds to one of the software application types  505   a ,  505   b ,  505   c ,  505   d  and  505   e . Here, the imaging framework module  509  is configured to update the layers  515   a ,  515   b ,  515   c ,  515   d  and  515   e  according to the input received from the software application types  505   a ,  505   b ,  505   c ,  505   d  and  505   e.    
     In this example, the blend module  520  is configured to integrate the input received from the layers  515   a ,  515   b ,  515   c ,  515   d  and  515   e , in order to present the received input on a single display. According to this example, if a single-handed operational mode has not been enabled, the blend module  520  is configured to provide a default blend output  525  to the display hardware  510 , which is an instance of the display system  110  of  FIG. 1 . In this example, the default blend output  525  corresponds with a default layout of icons on a display. Accordingly, in this instance the display hardware  510  provides a display presentation  560  that includes the default layout of icons that is presented in  FIG. 2A . 
     According to the example presented in  FIG. 5 , if a single-handed operational mode has been enabled, the single-hand UI manager  530  will be enabled and the blend module  520  will provide the default blend output  525  to the single-hand UI manager  530 . In this example, the single-hand UI manager  530  includes the transform estimator module  535 , which is configured to control changes of touch sensor system operations and display operations corresponding with changes in icon configurations. According to this implementation, if the touch feedback  503  (which is received from an instance of the touch sensor system  103  of  FIG. 1  in this example) received by the transform estimator module  535  indicates that a custom event touch pattern has been received, the transform estimator module  535  provides display transform information  540  and the single-hand UI manager  530  causes a display transform operation  542  to be applied to the default blend output  525  received by the single-hand UI manager  530 , based on the display transform information  540 . In this example, the transformed blend output  555  provided by the single-hand UI manager  530  corresponds with a transformed layout of icons on a display. Accordingly, in this instance the display hardware  510  provides a display presentation  565  that includes the layout of icons that is presented in  FIG. 2B . 
     In this example, the transform estimator module  535  also provides touch position information  545  and the single-hand UI manager  530  causes a touch position transform operation  547  to be applied to the previous touch position information. Here, transformed touch information  549  is provided to the touch event coordinator  550 , which is configured to make a correspondence between icon positions and touch sensor locations. In this example, the transformed touch information  549  indicates the icon positions corresponding to the display presentation  565 . 
       FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C  present examples of icon arrangements and corresponding touch position data. As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, sequences, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations may have different numbers, sequences, arrangements or types of elements. 
     In this example,  FIG. 6A  presents the display  210  presenting icons  205   d ,  205   e ,  205   f ,  205   g ,  205   h  and  205   i  in a first configuration. The first configuration corresponds to what may be referred to herein as a “first icon arrangement.” As used herein, the term “first icon arrangement” does not necessarily indicate, for example, that the icon arrangement is the first ever to be presented on the display  210 . Instead, in this context, the term refers to an original icon arrangement or an icon arrangement at the first stage of a described process. The icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 6A  may, for example, be an icon arrangement that corresponds to the default blend output  525  that is described above with reference to  FIG. 5 . 
     In this example,  FIG. 6A  indicates touch position data  605  for each of the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the first icon arrangement according to an x,y coordinate system. Here, the touch position data  605  indicates a single x,y coordinate for the for each of the icons  205   d - 205   i . The x,y coordinate may, for example, be a location of a centroid of the area in which each icon  205  is displayed. The touch position data  605  would not normally be displayed, but is being presented in  FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C  to indicate examples of data that may be stored by the touch event coordinator  550  of  FIG. 5  corresponding to a current icon arrangement. In this example, the x and y coordinates both range from 0 at the origin to 100 at the outer edges of the apparatus. Because the length or height of the device (along the y axis) is greater than the width of the device (along the x axis), each of the x coordinates corresponds to a different distance than each of the y coordinates in this instance. Other instances may involve other examples of x and y coordinates, such as x and y coordinates that correspond to equal distances. 
     According to this example,  FIG. 6B  indicates touch position data  605  for each of the icons  205   d - 205   i  in a second icon arrangement. According to this example, the display  210  is configured to present the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the second icon arrangement associated with a first custom event. The “first custom event” may, for example be the first custom event received after the display  210  has presented the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the first icon arrangement. For example, the display  210  may be configured to present the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the second icon arrangement responsive to receiving touch sensor data from a touch sensor system or a fingerprint sensor system indicating a custom event touch pattern, responsive to receiving gesture sensor data from a gesture sensor system or a fingerprint sensor system indicating a custom event gesture pattern, or responsive to receiving microphone data from a microphone system indicating a custom event sound pattern. 
     In some examples, the single-hand UI manager  530  may determine the touch position data  605  for the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the second icon arrangement. For example, the transform estimator module  535  may provide touch position information  545  corresponding to the second icon arrangement. According to some examples, the single-hand UI manager  530  or the touch event coordinator  550  may be configured to maintain one or more data structures indicating current icon locations (for example, according to current values of the touch position data  605 ), indicating original icon locations, indicating instances of custom event detection, etc. The single-hand UI manager  530  may cause a touch position transform operation  547  to be applied to the previous touch position information, based on the touch position information  545 . Transformed touch information  549  corresponding to the touch position data  605  may be provided to the touch event coordinator  550 . 
     According to this example,  FIG. 6C  indicates touch position data  605  for each of the icons  205   d - 205   i  in a third icon arrangement. According to this example, the display  210  is configured to present the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the third icon arrangement associated with a second custom event. In this example, the second custom event is received after the display  210  has presented the icons  205   d - 205   i  in the second icon arrangement of  FIG. 6B . The touch position data  605  for the third icon arrangement may, for example, be determined as described above with reference to  FIG. 6B . One may observer by reference to  FIGS. 6A-6C  that in this example a user may cause the display  210  to “scroll” through the icons  205   d - 205   i  by repeatedly providing user input corresponding to a custom event. 
       FIG. 7  presents a cross-section through a portion of the apparatus of  FIG. 1  according to one example. As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIG. 7  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations of the apparatus  101  may have different numbers, arrangements or types of elements. 
       FIG. 7  provides one example of the gesture sensor system  116  of  FIG. 1 . In some implementations, the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 7  may be configured to detect a custom event gesture pattern. In some implementations, the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 7  may be configured to detect a custom event touch pattern. In some examples, the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 7  may be configured to provide fingerprint sensor functionality. In some implementations, the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 7  may be configured to provide the single-handed operational functionality disclosed herein, such as the single-handed operational functionality described with reference to  FIGS. 2A-6C and 8  or the single-handed operational functionality described with reference to  FIGS. 9-15 . 
     According to this implementation, the apparatus  101  includes a segmented transducer array  722 . In some alternative implementations, the transducer array  722  may not be segmented. In this example, the segmented transducer array  722  includes a piezoelectric layer  708 , an electrode layer  711  on one side of the piezoelectric layer  708  and a thin-film transistor (TFT) layer  704  on a second and opposing side of the piezoelectric layer  708 . In this implementation, the piezoelectric layer  708  includes one or more piezoelectric polymers. 
     According to this example, the electrode layer  711  resides between a passivation layer  712  and the piezoelectric layer  708 . In some examples, passivation layer  712  may include an adhesive, such as an epoxy film, a polymer layer (such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer), etc. 
     In this example the TFT layer  704  includes a TFT substrate and circuitry. The TFT layer  704  may be a type of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) made by depositing thin films of an active semiconductor layer as well as a dielectric layer and metallic contacts over a TFT substrate. In some examples, the TFT substrate may be a non-conductive material such as glass. 
     In this example, the apparatus  101  includes a display stack  710 , which is an OLED display stack in this instance. Here, the display stack  710  is attached to the TFT layer  704  via an adhesive layer  702 . According to this example, the apparatus  101  includes a cover  728  on an outer surface of the display stack  710 . The cover  728  is a cover glass in this instance. 
     In this implementation, the segmented transducer array  722  includes at least one transmitter segment  711   a  and at least one receiver segment  711   b . The receiver segment  711   b  may, for example, be one of a plurality of receiver transducer segments and the transmitter segment  711   a  may be one of a plurality of transmitter transducer segments. According to this implementation, the TFT layer  704  and the electrode layer  711  of both the transmitter segment  711   a  and the receiver segment  711   b  are electrically coupled to at least a portion of the control system  106  via a portion of the interface system  104 , which includes electrically conducting material and a flexible printed circuit (FPC) in this instance. According to this example, the electrical connections between the control system  106  and the transmitter segment  711   a  are out of the plane of the cross-section and are therefore not presented in  FIG. 7 . 
     In this example, the control system  106  is configured to control the transmitter segment  711   a  to transmit one or more acoustic waves  713  by sending one or more electrical signals via the electrode layer  711  of the transmitter segment  711   a . According to this example, the acoustic wave(s)  713  are transmitted through the TFT layer  704 , the display  110  and the cover glass  108 . According to this example, reflections  714  of the acoustic wave(s)  713  are caused by acoustic impedance contrast between the outer surface of the target object  718  (which is a finger in this instance) and the air outside of the apparatus  101 . As used herein, the term “finger” may refer to any digit, including a thumb. In this example, the reflections  714  cause the piezoelectric layer  708  of the receiver segment  711   b  to transmit one or more electrical signals to the control system  106  via the electrode layer  711 . 
     According to some implementations, one or more dimensions of a transducer segment may be tuned or optimized, such as for transmission or for reception. In some examples, a transmitter segment thickness of each of the first plurality of the transmitter transducer segments  505  may be different from a receiver segment thickness of each of a first plurality of the receiver transducer segments  503 . In some such examples, a receiver segment piezoelectric layer thickness of each of the first plurality of the receiver transducer segments  503  may be greater than a transmitter segment piezoelectric layer thickness of each of the first plurality of the transmitter transducer segments  505 . 
       FIG. 8  is a flow diagram that presents examples of operations according to some disclosed methods. The blocks of  FIG. 8  may, for example, be performed by the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 1  or by a similar apparatus. As with other methods disclosed herein, the methods outlined in  FIG. 8  may include more or fewer blocks than indicated. Moreover, the blocks of methods disclosed herein are not necessarily performed in the order indicated. In some implementations, one or more blocks may be performed concurrently. 
     In this example block  805  involves presenting, while an apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on a display of the apparatus. The first configuration corresponds to a first icon arrangement. For example, block  805  may involve a control system controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 2A  or the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 6A . 
     According to this example, block  810  involves presenting, associated with a custom event, the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation. In this instances, the second configuration corresponds to a second icon arrangement where a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration is different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration. According to some examples, the at least one icon may be presented in a first half of the display in the first configuration and may be presented in a second half of the display in the second configuration. In some examples, a first icon spacing of the first configuration may equal to a second icon spacing of the second configuration. In some instances, a row of icons including the at least one icon may be presented in the first half of the display in the first configuration and the row of icons may be presented in the second half of the display in the second configuration. According to some such examples, the row of icons may be presented proximate a first side of the display in the first configuration and may be presented proximate a second side of the display in the second configuration. The second side may be opposite the first side. For example, the first side may be the side  220   a  presented in  FIG. 2B  and the second side may be the side  220   b.    
     For example, if block  805  involves controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 2A , block  810  may involve controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 2B . If block  805  involves controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 6A , block  810  may involve controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 6B . 
     In some examples, the control system may determine the apparatus orientation (such as the orientation of the apparatus  101 ) according to inertial sensor data from an inertial sensor system, such as the inertial sensor system  114  of  FIG. 1 . Similarly, the control system may determine whether the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation according to inertial sensor data from the inertial sensor system. For example, the control system may determine that the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation if the inertial sensor data indicates that the apparatus has been rotated less than a threshold number of degrees with respect to the first apparatus orientation (for example 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, etc.) relative to a coordinate system, for example a coordinate system of the apparatus  101 . 
     In some instances, the custom event may be, or may include, touch sensor data received from a touch sensor system or a fingerprint sensor system indicating a received touch pattern. According to some examples the custom event may be, or may include, gesture sensor data received from a gesture sensor system or a fingerprint sensor system indicating a custom event gesture pattern. In some instances, the custom event may be, or may include, microphone data received from a microphone system indicating a custom event sound pattern. 
       FIG. 9  presents an example of an apparatus that is configured to implement some alternative single-handed operational methods. As with other disclosed implementations, the scale, numbers, arrangements and types of the elements presented in  FIG. 9  are merely presented for illustrative purposes. Other implementations may have different numbers, arrangements or types of elements. 
     According to this example, the apparatus  101  is configured to provide what may be referred to herein as “mouse functionality” or “joystick functionality.” In this example, the apparatus  101  includes the display  210 , which is an instance of the display system  110  of  FIG. 1 . According to this example, the control system  106  (not presented in  FIG. 9 ) is controlling the display  210  to present a plurality of icons  205 , numbered  1  through  9 . In this example, the control system  106  is controlling the display  210  to present a cursor  905 . 
     Here, the apparatus  101  includes an instance of the fingerprint sensor system  102  of  FIG. 1 . In this example, the fingerprint sensor system active area  902  corresponds with a portion of the area of the display  210 . According to this example, the fingerprint sensor system active area  902  resides proximate one side of the display  210  and the cover  728  resides proximate a second and opposing side of the display  210 . Here, the control system  106  is controlling the display  210  to present a fingerprint image  910  within the fingerprint sensor system active area  902 , in order to indicate the location of the fingerprint sensor system active area  902 . The fingerprint sensor system active area  902  is one example of what may be referred to herein as a “control area.” 
     In this example, the apparatus  101  also includes an instance of the touch sensor system  103  of  FIG. 1 . According to this example, the touch sensor system active area  903  resides between the display  210  and the cover  728 . In some instances, the control area may be a portion of the touch sensor system active area  903 . Alternatively, or additionally, the control area may be a portion of a gesture sensor system active area. 
     According to this implementation, the control system  106  is configured to receive first sensor system data corresponding with movement of a target object (such as a finger or other digit) in contact with the cover  728  in a control area. In some alternative implementations, the control system  106  may be configured to receive first sensor system data corresponding with movement of a target object proximate, but not in contact with, the cover  728  in a control area. The control area may be the fingerprint sensor system active area  902 , a portion of the touch sensor system active area  903  or a portion of a gesture sensor system active area. In this example, control system  106  is configured to the control, associated with the first sensor system data, displayed cursor positions of the first display in which the cursor  905  is presented. 
     According to this example, the control system  106  is configured to receive second sensor system data corresponding with contact of the target object within the control area. According to some examples, the second sensor system data may correspond with one or more taps or presses within the control area. In this example, the control system  106  is configured to initialize, associated with the second sensor system data, a selected software application corresponding with a displayed cursor position of a selected icon. The displayed cursor position may, for example, overlap with the position of a selected icon. 
     In some examples, the control system  106  may be configured to control the display  210  to present the plurality of icons in a first area prior to receiving the first sensor system data and to present the plurality of icons in a second area associated with (for example responsive to) receiving the first sensor system data. The first area may be larger than the second area. In the example presented in  FIG. 9 , the second area is the area  915 .  FIG. 9  represents a configuration presented at a time after receiving the first sensor system data. Prior to receiving the first sensor system data, the icons  205  were displayed in a first area that occupied a larger portion of the display  210  than the area  915 . 
     According to some implementations, the control system  106  may be configured to present a control icon in the control area. The fingerprint image  910  presented in  FIG. 9  is one example of a control icon. Other implementations may involve presenting other examples of a control icon. In some examples, the control icon may be, or may include, a touchpad icon. 
       FIGS. 10A and 10B  present examples of a mobile device that is configured for providing single-handed functionality. In these examples, a control system of the apparatus  101  may be configured for providing mouse functionality or joystick functionality for controlling the apparatus  101  based, at least in part, on a detected finger force direction or through one or more secondary effects resulting from such force. Examples of secondary effects resulting from a finger force include the relative strength of reflections from fingerprint valleys and ridges, the relative position of such stronger or weaker reflections, or the distance between such reflections. In the example presented in  FIG. 10A , a control system is detecting an “upward” force of the finger  718 , in the direction of the arrow  1005 , according to changes in signals received from a fingerprint sensor system  102  of the apparatus  101 . One example is presented in  FIG. 7A  and is described below. In response to detecting the upward force of the finger  718 , the control system may cause a display  210  of the apparatus  101  to move an image of an object  1015  in the direction of the arrow  1020 , which is parallel to the arrow  1005  in this example. Although the object  1015  is a parallelogram in this example, in other examples the object  1015  may be a cursor, an icon, etc. In some implementations, the fingerprint sensor system  102  may be, or may at least be a portion of, an ultrasonic sensor system  102  such as described elsewhere herein. However, in some implementations the fingerprint sensor system  102  may be another type of fingerprint sensor, such as an optical fingerprint sensor, a capacitive fingerprint sensor, a radio frequency fingerprint sensor, a thermal fingerprint sensor, etc. 
     In the example presented in  FIG. 10B , a control system is detecting a “downward” force of the finger  718 , in the direction of the arrow  1007 , according to changes in signals received from an ultrasonic sensor system of the apparatus  101 . One example of an image corresponding to such signals is presented in  FIG. 7B  and is described below. In response to detecting the downward force of the finger  718 , the control system causes the display  210  to move the image  1015  in the direction of the arrow  1022 , which is parallel to the arrow  1007  in this example. In some implementations, the finger  718  in  FIG. 10A  and  FIG. 10B  may slide upwards or downwards upon a platen surface of the apparatus  101 . In other implementations, the finger  718  in  FIG. 10A  and  FIG. 10B  may be moved upwards or downwards on the platen surface without sliding, relying on shear forces, distortions of fingerprint ridges and valleys, or displacements of fingerprint features with respect to an edge of the fingerprint region to make the determinations. 
       FIGS. 11A and 11B  present images that represent fingerprint image data corresponding to upward and downward finger forces, respectively. In  FIG. 11A , an upward force is indicated by the presence of fingerprint ridge and valley features primarily in the upper portion of the image, whereas in  FIG. 11B  a downward force is indicated by the presence of fingerprint ridge and valley features primarily in the lower portion of the image. This effect may or may not be caused by sliding the finger. In some instances, this effect may be a result of rocking the finger forward or backward, or by changes in the shape of the finger due to shear stress. Such changes in the shape of a finger may be referred to herein as “finger distortions.” Accordingly, in some implementations a finger force direction may be detected according to changes in fingerprint ridge patterns corresponding with a shear stress of fingerprint ridges in contact with the platen. In some implementations, the speed at which a cursor or pointer may be moved on a display of the mobile device may be determined from measurements of the reflected ultrasonic wave and calculations of the magnitude and direction of the finger forces. For example, a higher measured finger force (normal force or shear force) may result in faster movement of a cursor or pointer on the display. Similarly, a lower measured finger force may result in slower movement of the cursor or pointer on the display. 
       FIGS. 12 and 13  present additional examples of single-handed operational modes.  FIG. 12  presents illustrative images that represent translational movements  1205  of a finger  718  on a control area  1202 . In this example, the control area  1202  corresponds with a displayed image of a control icon  1210 , which is a touchpad icon in this instance. The control area  1202  may, for example, correspond with a fingerprint sensor system active area, such as the fingerprint sensor system active area  902  that is described above with reference to  FIG. 9 . In other examples, the control area  1202  may correspond with a portion of a touch sensor system active area or a gesture sensor system active area. A reference position of the finger  718  may correspond with the initial placement of the finger  718  on the control area  1202 . Directions corresponding to up, down, left, right and combinations thereof may correspond to translational movements of the finger  718  on the control area  1202 , such as may occur when a dry finger or a lightly pressed finger is slid along a surface of the control area  1202 . 
       FIG. 13  presents illustrative images that represent movement of a fingerprint contact area  1308  with respect to one or more fingerprint features, which include fingerprint features  1340  and  1342 , resulting from shear forces generated by exertions of a finger on a control area  1202  of the fingerprint sensor system  102  and corresponding navigational inputs. Fingerprint features  1340  and  1342  may correspond, for example, to a fingerprint whorl and a bifurcation point, respectively, in a fingerprint image. A reference position of the finger may correspond with the initial placement of the finger on the control area  1202  that generates a fingerprint contact area  1308  and associated contact area geometry. Directions corresponding to up, down, left, right and combinations thereof may correspond to movement of the fingerprint contact area  1308 ′ in the direction of the arrow  1305  or other directions due to exertions of the finger against the control area  1202  where the finger fails to slide along the surface of the control area  1202 , causing changes to the fingerprint contact area  1308  and associated geometry including distances between the periphery of the fingerprint contact area  1308  and the fingerprint features  1340  and  1342 . In some implementations, determination of the distances between the periphery of the fingerprint contact area  1308  and fingerprint features  1340  and  1342  in one or more directions may indicate a navigation function in a preferred direction to be performed. 
       FIG. 14  presents yet another example of a single-handed operational mode. According to some examples, rotational movements of a finger may be detected using a sensor, such as a fingerprint sensor.  FIG. 14  presents illustrative images that represent rotational movement of a fingerprint contact area  1408  with respect to one or more fingerprint features, which include fingerprint features  1430  and  1432 , resulting from torsional forces generated by exertions of a finger on a control area  1202  of a fingerprint sensor  102  and corresponding navigational inputs. In some implementations, rotations clockwise or counterclockwise may be determined by acquiring fingerprint images from the fingerprint sensor, determining the size and shape of a periphery of a reference fingerprint contact area  1408 , then acquiring additional fingerprint images from the fingerprint sensor and determining the size and shape of the updated fingerprint contact area  1408 ′ to allow determination of the direction of rotation and the angle of rotation. In the implementation illustrated, fingerprint features  1430  and  1432  stay fixed (or substantially fixed) in position on the control area  1202  while the finger is exerted in a twisting, angular motion in the direction of arrow  1405  on the control area  1202  without sliding or slipping of the fingerprint features  1430  and  1432 . Other fingerprint features such as ridges, valleys and minutiae near the periphery of the updated fingerprint contact area  1408 ′ may be analyzed for distortions due to shear stress to determine the desired rotation direction and rotation magnitude. Determination of rotational motions of the finger may allow initiating or performing functions such as zoom in, zoom out, increase or decrease volume, or switch from portrait to landscape view or from landscape to portrait view on a display. 
       FIG. 15  is a flow diagram that presents examples of operations according to some additional disclosed methods. In some examples, the apparatus  101  of  FIG. 1  or a similar apparatus may perform the blocks of  FIG. 15 . As with other methods disclosed herein, the methods outlined in  FIG. 15  may include more or fewer blocks than indicated. Moreover, some examples of the method  1500  may involve performing the blocks of  FIG. 15  in a sequence that is different from what is presented in  FIG. 15 . In some implementations, the method  1500  may involve performing one or more blocks concurrently. 
     In this example, block  1505  involves controlling a display to present a plurality of icons. For example, block  1505  may involve a control system controlling the display  210  to present the icon arrangement presented in  FIG. 9 . 
     According to this example, block  1510  involves controlling a display to present a cursor. For example, block  1510  may involve a control system controlling the display  210  to present the cursor  905  presented in  FIG. 9 . 
     In this example, block  1515  involves receiving first sensor system data corresponding with movement of a target object in contact with an apparatus cover in an apparatus control area. For example, block  1515  may involve receiving fingerprint sensor data from a fingerprint sensor system corresponding with movement of a digit in contact with, or proximate, an apparatus cover in the fingerprint sensor system active area  902  presented in  FIG. 9 . In some other examples, block  1515  may involve receiving touch sensor data or gesture sensor data corresponding with movement of a target object in contact with, or proximate, an apparatus cover in an apparatus control area. 
     According to this example, block  1520  involves controlling, associated with the first sensor system data, displayed cursor positions of the display in which the cursor is presented. For example, block  1520  may involve controlling positions of the cursor  905  presented in  FIG. 9  responsive to the first sensor system data. 
     In this example, block  1525  involves receiving second sensor system data corresponding with contact of the target object within the control area. The second sensor system data may, for example, correspond with one or more taps or presses within the control area. 
     According to this example, block  1530  involves initializing, associated with the second sensor system data, a selected software application corresponding with a displayed cursor position of a selected icon. For example, block  1530  may involve initializing a software application corresponding with one of the icons  205  presented in  FIG. 9  responsive to receiving the second sensor system data, such as at a time during which the cursor  905  is positioned adjacent to, or in, the area in which the icon  205  is displayed. 
     Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses: 
     1. An apparatus, including: a display system including a first display; a cover proximate an outer surface of the first display; a sensor system proximate the first display; and a control system electrically connected with the display system and the sensor system, the control system configured to: control the display system to present a plurality of icons on the first display; control the display system to present a cursor on the first display; receive first sensor system data corresponding with movement of a target object in contact with the cover in a control area; control, in associated with the first sensor system data, displayed cursor positions of the first display in which the cursor is presented; receive second sensor system data corresponding with contact of the target object within the control area; and initialize, associated with the second sensor system data, a selected software application corresponding with a displayed cursor position of a selected icon. 
     2. The apparatus of clause 1, where the sensor system includes a fingerprint sensor system and where the control area corresponds with a fingerprint sensor system area. 
     3. The apparatus of clause 1 or clause 2, where the sensor system includes a touch sensor system and where the control area corresponds with a touch sensor system area. 
     4. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-3, where the sensor system includes a gesture sensor system and where the control area corresponds with a gesture sensor system area. 
     5. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-4, where the first sensor system data corresponds with movement of a digit within the control area. 
     6. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-5, where the control system is further configured to control the display system to present a control icon in the control area. 
     7. The apparatus of clause 6, where the control icon includes a touchpad icon. 
     8. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-7, where the second sensor system data corresponds with one or more taps or presses within the control area. 
     9. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-8, where the control system is further configured to: control the display system to present the plurality of icons in a first area prior to receiving the first sensor system data; and control the display system to present the plurality of icons in a second area associated with receiving the first sensor system data, where the first area is larger than the second area. 
     Further implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses: 
     10. An apparatus, including:
         a display configured to:   present, while the apparatus is in a first apparatus orientation, a plurality of icons in a first configuration on the display, the first configuration corresponding to a first icon arrangement; and   present, associated with a custom event, the plurality of icons in a second configuration on the display while the apparatus remains substantially in the first apparatus orientation, the second configuration corresponding to a second icon arrangement, where a first position of at least one icon in the first configuration is different from a second position of the at least one icon in the second configuration.       

     11. The apparatus of clause 10, where the at least one icon is displayed in a first half of the display in the first configuration and where the at least one icon is displayed in a second half of the display in the second configuration. 
     12. The apparatus of clause 10 or clause 11, where a row of icons including the at least one icon is displayed in the first half of the display in the first configuration and where the row of icons is displayed in the second half of the display in the second configuration. 
     13. The apparatus of clause 12, where the row of icons is displayed proximate a first side of the display in the first configuration and where the row of icons is displayed proximate a second side of the display in the second configuration, the second side being a side opposite the first side. 
     14. The apparatus of any one of clauses 10-13, further including a touch sensor system proximate the display. 
     15. The apparatus of clause 14, where the custom event includes touch sensor data received from the touch sensor system indicating a custom event touch pattern. 
     16. The apparatus of clause 14, further including a control system, where each icon of the plurality of icons corresponds with a software application of a plurality of software applications the control system is configured to initialize in association with receiving an icon touch indication from the touch sensor system, the icon touch indication corresponding to a touch in an icon position. 
     17. The apparatus of clause 16, further including a control system configured to implement a transform estimator module for controlling changes of touch sensor system operations corresponding with changes in icon configurations. 
     18. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-17, further including a gesture sensor system, where the custom event includes gesture sensor data received from the gesture sensor system indicating a custom event gesture pattern. 
     19. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-18, further including a microphone system including at least one microphone, where the custom event includes microphone data received from the microphone system indicating a custom event sound pattern. 
     20. The apparatus of clause 19, where the display is configured to present icon configurations on the display associated with voice commands received via the microphone system. 
     21. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-20, where the display receives, prior to the custom event, an indication that a single-handed operational mode has been enabled. 
     22. The apparatus of clause 21, where the display is configured to provide a graphical user interface for enabling and disabling the single-handed operational mode. 
     23. The apparatus of clause 21, further including a control system, where the control system is configured to disable the single-handed operational mode when the control system is executing at least one type of software application. 
     24. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-23, where a first icon spacing of the first configuration is equal to a second icon spacing of the second configuration. 
     25. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-24, further including an inertial sensor system, where the inertial sensor data from the inertial sensor system indicates an apparatus orientation. 
     26. The apparatus of any one of clauses 1-25, further including a fingerprint sensor system, where the custom event includes fingerprint sensor data received from the fingerprint sensor system indicating a custom event touch pattern or a custom event gesture pattern. 
     As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c. 
     The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits and algorithm processes described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been described generally, in terms of functionality, and illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. 
     The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single- or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or, any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor also may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some implementations, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function. 
     In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents thereof, or in any combination thereof. Implementations of the subject matter described in this specification also may be implemented as one or more computer programs, i.e., one or more modules of computer program instructions, encoded on a computer storage media for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus. 
     If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium, such as a non-transitory medium. The processes of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module which may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media include both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that may be enabled to transfer a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and instructions on a machine readable medium and computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product. 
     Various modifications to the implementations described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the implementations presented herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the claims, the principles and the novel features disclosed herein. The word “exemplary” is used exclusively herein, if at all, to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. 
     Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate implementations also may be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation also may be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination. 
     Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order presented or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems may generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims may be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. 
     It will be understood that unless features in any of the particular described implementations are expressly identified as incompatible with one another or the surrounding context implies that they are mutually exclusive and not readily combinable in a complementary or supportive sense, the totality of this disclosure contemplates and envisions that specific features of those complementary implementations may be selectively combined to provide one or more comprehensive, but slightly different, technical solutions. It will therefore be further appreciated that the above description has been given by way of example only and that modifications in detail may be made within the scope of this disclosure.