Patent Publication Number: US-7582171-B2

Title: High-strength, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy

Description:
PRIORITY 
     This application claims foreign priority to German application number DE10320350.8 filed May 7, 2003. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a high-strength, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy which can be used in particular for electrical generators, motors and magnetic bearings in aircraft. Electric generators, motors and magnetic bearings in aircraft, in addition to a small overall size, must also have the minimum possible weight. Therefore, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys which have a high saturation induction are used for these applications. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The binary iron-cobalt alloys with a cobalt content of between 33 and 55% by weight are extraordinarily brittle, which is attributable to the formation of an ordered superstructure at temperatures below 730° C. The addition of approximately 2% by weight of vanadium impedes the transition to this superstructure, so that relatively good cold workability can be achieved after quenching to room temperature from temperatures of over 730° C. 
     Accordingly, a known ternary base alloy is an iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy which contains 49% by weight of iron, 49% by weight of cobalt and 2% by weight of vanadium. This alloy has long been known and is described extensively, for example, in “R. M. Bozorth, Ferromagnetism, van Nostrand, New York (1951)”. This vanadium-containing iron-cobalt alloy is distinguished by its very high saturation induction of approx. 2.4 T. 
     A further development of this ternary vanadium-containing cobalt-iron base alloy is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072, which describes, during the production of alloy strips, quenching of the hot-rolled alloy strip from a temperature above the phase transition temperature of 730° C. This process is required in order to make the alloy sufficiently ductile for the subsequent cold rolling. The quenching suppresses the ordering. In manufacturing terms, however, the quenching is highly critical, since what are known as the cold-rolling passes can very easily cause fractures in the strips. Therefore, considerable efforts have been made to increase the ductility of the alloy strips and thereby to increase manufacturing reliability. 
     Therefore, U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072 proposes, as ductility-increasing additives, the addition of 0.02 to 0.5% by weight of niobium and/or 0.07 to 0.3% by weight of zirconium. 
     Niobium, which incidentally may also be replaced by the homologous element tantalum, in the iron-cobalt alloying system, not only has the property of greatly reducing the degree of order, as has been described, for example, by R. V. Major and C. M. Orrock in “High saturation ternary cobalt-iron based alloys”, IEEE Trans. Magn. 24 (1988), 1856-1858, but also inhibits grain growth. 
     The addition of zirconium in the quantity of at most 0.3% by weight proposed by U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072 likewise inhibits grain growth. Both mechanisms significantly improve the ductility of the alloy after quenching. 
     In addition to this high-strength niobium- and zirconium-containing iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy which is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072, zirconium-free alloys are also known, from U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747. 
     That document proposes iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys which are used in fast aircraft generators and magnetic bearings. U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747 is based on the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 3,364,072 and restricts the niobium content disclosed therein to 0.15-0.5% by weight. Furthermore, U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747 recommends a special magnetic final anneal, in which the alloy can be heat-treated for no more than approximately four hours, preferably no more than two hours, at a temperature of no greater than 740° C., in order to produce an object which has a yield strength of at least approximately 620 MPa. This is very limiting and also very unusual, since the soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys are normally annealed at temperatures of over 740° C. and below 900° C. 
     The magnetic and mechanical properties can be adjusted by means of the annealing temperature. Both properties are crucial for use of the alloys. However, it is very difficult to simultaneously optimize these two properties, since the properties are contradictory: 
     1. If the alloy is annealed at a relatively high temperature, the result is a coarser grain and therefore good soft-magnetic properties. However, the mechanical properties obtained are generally relatively poor. 
     2. On the other hand, if the alloy is annealed at lower temperatures, better mechanical properties are obtained, on account of a finer grain, but the finer grain results in worse magnetic properties. 
     A major drawback of the alloy selection disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747 is the need for the abovementioned rapid anneal, which may only be carried out for approximately one to two hours at a temperature close to the ordered/unordered phase boundary in order to achieve usable magnetic and mechanical properties. 
     If there is a very large quantity of material to be annealed, reliable production can therefore only be realized with very great difficulty, on account of different heat-up times and on account of temperature fluctuations within the material to be annealed. On a large industrial scale, the result is generally unacceptable scatters with regard to the yield strengths which are characteristic of the mechanical properties. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new high-strength, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy selection which is distinguished by very good mechanical properties, in particular by very high yield strengths. 
     Furthermore, the alloys should have yield strengths of over 600 MPa, preferably of over 700 MPa, even with longer annealing times of at least two hours and with a high manufacturing reliability. 
     Furthermore, the alloys should at the same time have high saturation inductances and the lowest possible coercive forces, i.e. should have excellent soft-magnetic properties. 
     According to the invention, this object is achieved by a soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy selection which substantially comprises
     35.0≦Co≦55.0% by weight,   0.75≦V≦2.5% by weight,   0≦(Ta+2×Nb)≦0.8% by weight,   0.3&lt;Zr≦1.5% by weight,   Ni≦5.0% by weight,   remainder Fe and melting-related and/or incidental impurities.   

     In this context and in the text which follows, the term “substantially comprises” is to be understood as meaning that the alloy selection according to the invention, in addition to the main constituents indicated, namely Co, V, Zr, Nb, Ta and Fe, may only include melting-related and/or incidental impurities in a quantity which has no significant adverse effect on either the mechanical properties or the magnetic properties. 
     Entirely surprisingly, it has emerged that iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys with zirconium contents of over 0.3% by weight have significantly better mechanical properties, while at the same time achieving excellent magnetic properties, than the prior art alloys described in the introduction. 
     This can be attributed to the fact that, on account of the addition of zirconium in quantities greater than 0.3% by weight, a previously unknown hexagonal Laves phase is formed within the microstructure between the individual grains, and this has a very positive effect on the mechanical and magnetic properties. This hexagonal Laves phase should not be confused, in terms of its metallurgy and crystallography, with the cubic Laves phase described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747. Only the name is partially identical. This significant addition of zirconium results in a significant improvement in ductility, in particular when used in conjunction with niobium and/or tantalum. 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     In the text which follows, comparative examples and exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail with reference to Tables 1 to 33 and  FIGS. 1 to 15 , in which: 
     Table 1 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/5964 to 93/6018 after final annealing for one hour at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 2 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for one hour at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 3 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for one hour at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 4 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/5964 to 93/6018 after final annealing for two hours at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 5 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for two hours at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 6 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for two hours at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 7 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for four hours at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 8 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for four hours at 720° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 9 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for one hour at 730° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 10 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for two hours at 730° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 11 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for one hour at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 12 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for one hour at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 13 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for two hours at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 14 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for two hours at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 15 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/5964 to 93/6018 after final annealing for four hours at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 16 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6306 after final annealing for four hours at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 17 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for four hours at 740° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 18 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for one hour at 750° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 19 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for one hour at 770° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 20 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6289 after final annealing for two hours at 770° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 21 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/5964 to 93/6018 after final annealing for four hours at 770° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 22 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6284 after final annealing for four hours at 770° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 23 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for four hours at 770° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 24 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/5964 to 93/6018 after final annealing for four hours at 800° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 25 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6278 to 93/6306 after final annealing for four hours at 800° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 26 shows properties of special melts from batches 93/6655 to 93/6666 after final annealing for four hours at 800° C. under H 2 ; 
     Table 27 shows the microstructural state of special melts 93/7179 to 93/7183 after quenching from various temperatures; 
     Table 28 shows properties of batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 after final annealing for one hour at 720° C. under H 2 , thickness: 0.35 mm; 
     Table 29 shows hysteresis losses for special melts from batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 for various degrees of saturation and frequencies after final annealing for one hour at 720° C. under H 2 , thickness 0.35 mm; 
     Table 30 shows properties of batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 after final annealing for two hours at 750° C. under H 2 , thickness: 0.35 mm; 
     Table 31 shows hysteresis losses for special melts from batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 for various degrees of saturation and frequencies after final annealing for two hours at 750° C. under H 2 , thickness 0.35 mm; 
     Table 32 shows properties of batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 after final annealing for four hours at 840° C. under H 2 , thickness: 0.35 mm; 
     Table 33 shows hysteresis losses for special melts from batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 and 74/5517 and 99/5278 for various degrees of saturation and frequencies after final annealing for four hours at 840° C. under H 2 , thickness: 0.35 mm; 
    
    
     
         FIG. 1  is a graph summarizing properties of a prior art alloy 93/5968 (Masteller); 
         FIG. 2  is a graph summarizing properties of a prior art alloy 93/5969 (Masteller); 
         FIG. 3  is a graph summarizing properties of a prior art alloy 93/5973 (Ackermann); 
         FIG. 4  is a graph summarizing properties of an exemplary alloy 93/6279 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a graph summarizing properties of an exemplary alloy 93/6284 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a graph summarizing properties of an exemplary alloy 93/6285 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a graph summarizing properties of an exemplary alloy 93/6655 of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a graph summarizing properties of an exemplary alloy 93/6661 of the present invention; 
         FIGS. 9-11  show the relationship between induction and field strength for exemplary embodiments of the alloy of the present invention 93/7180 to 93/7184; 
         FIGS. 12-13  show the relationship between Co content and V content and yield strength R p0.2 ; and 
         FIGS. 14-15  show the relationship between resistivity ρ e1  and Co and V content for various annealing parameters. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION 
     In a preferred embodiment, the soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy according to the invention has a zirconium content of 0.5≦Zr≦1.0% by weight, ideally a zirconium content of 0.6≦Zr≦0.8% by weight. 
     The cobalt content is typically 48.0≦Co≦50.0% by weight. However, very good results can also be achieved with alloys with a cobalt content of between 45.0≦Co≦48.0% by weight. The nickel content should be Ni≦1.0% by weight, ideally Ni≦0.5% by weight. 
     In one typical configuration of the present invention, the soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy according to the invention has a vanadium content of 1.0≦V≦2.0% by weight, ideally a vanadium content of 1.5≦V≦2.0% by weight. 
     To achieve particularly good ductilities, the present invention provides for niobium and/or tantalum contents of 0.04≦(Ta+2×Nb)≦0.8% by weight, ideally of 0.04≦(Ta+2×Nb)≦0.3% by weight. 
     The soft-magnetic high-strength iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys according to the invention also have a content of melting-related and/or incidental metallic impurities of:
     Cu≦0.2, Cr≦0.3, Mo≦0.3, Si≦0.5, Mn≦0.3 and Al≦0.3; preferably of:   Cu≦0.1, Cr≦0.2, Mo≦0.2, Si≦0.2, Mn≦0.2 and Al≦0.2; ideally of:   Cu≦0.06, Cr≦0.1, Mo≦0.1, Si≦0.1 and Mn≦0.1.   

     Furthermore, nonmetallic impurities are typically present in the following ranges:
     P≦0.01, S≦0.02, N≦0.005, O≦0.05 and C≦0.05; preferably in the following ranges:   P≦0.005, S≦0.01, N≦0.002, O≦0.02 and C≦0.02; ideally in the following ranges:   S≦0.005, N≦0.001, O≦0.01 and C≦0.01.   

     The alloys according to the invention can be melted by means of various processes. In principle, all conventional techniques, such as for example melting in air or production by vacuum induction melting (VIM), are possible. 
     However, the VIM process is preferred for production of the soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys according to the invention, since the relatively high zirconium contents can be set more successfully. In the case of melting in air, zirconium-containing alloys have high melting losses, with the result that undesirable zirconium oxides and other impurities are formed. Overall, the zirconium content can be set more successfully if the VIM process is used. 
     The alloy melt is then cast into chill molds. After solidification, the ingot is desurfaced and then rolled into a slab at a temperature of between 900° C. and 1300° C. 
     As an alternative, it is also possible to do without the step of desurfacing the oxide skin on the surface of the ingots. Instead, the slab then has to be machined accordingly at its surface. 
     The resulting slab is then hot-rolled at similar temperatures, i.e. at temperatures above 900° C., to a strip. The hot-rolled alloy strip then obtained is too brittle for a further cold-rolling process. Accordingly, the hot-rolled alloy strip is quenched from a temperature above the ordered/unordered phase transition, which is known to be a temperature of approximately 730° C., in water, preferably in iced brine. 
     This treatment makes the alloy strip sufficiently ductile. After the oxide skin on the alloy strip has been removed, for example by pickling or blasting, the alloy strip is cold-rolled, for example to a thickness of approximately 0.35 mm. 
     Then, the desired shapes are produced from the cold-rolled alloy strip. This shaping operation is generally carried out by punching. Further processes include laser cutting, EDM, water jet cutting or the like. 
     After this treatment, the important magnetic final anneal is carried out, it being possible to precisely set the magnetic properties and mechanical properties of the end product by varying the annealing time and the annealing temperature. 
     The invention is explained below on the basis of exemplary embodiments and comparative examples. The differences between the individual alloys in terms of their mechanical and magnetic properties are explained with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 8 , which each show the coercive force H c  as a function of the yield strength R p0.2 . 
     All the exemplary embodiments and all the comparative examples were produced by casting melts into flat chill molds under vacuum. The oxide skin present on the ingots was then removed by milling. 
     Then, the ingots were hot-rolled at a temperature of 1150° C. together with a thickness of d=3.5 mm. 
     The resulting slabs were then quenched in ice water from a temperature T=930° C. The quenched, hot-rolled slabs were finally cold-rolled to a thickness d′=0.35 mm. Then, tensile specimens and rings were punched out. The respective magnetic final anneals were carried out on the rings and tensile specimens obtained. 
     All the alloy parameters, magnetic measurement results and mechanical measurement results are reproduced in Tables 1 to 26. 
     To investigate the mechanical properties, tensile tests were carried out, in which the modulus of elasticity E, the yield strength R p0.2 , the tensile strength R m , the elongation at break A L  and the hardness HV were measured. The yield strength R p0.2  was considered the most important mechanical parameter in this context. 
     The magnetic properties were tested on the punched rings. The static B-H initial magnetization curve and the static coercive force H c  of the punched rings were determined. 
     COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES 
     Alloy in accordance with the prior art were produced under designations batches 93/5973 and under designations batch 93/5969 and 93/5968. Batch 93/5973 corresponds to an alloy as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072 (Ackermann), as cited in the introduction, i.e. a high-strength, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloy with a low level of added zirconium of less than 0.3% by weight. 
     The precise amount of zirconium added was 0.28% by weight. 
     Batches 93/5969 and 93/5968 were alloys corresponding to U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747 (Masteller), cited in the introduction. These were high-strength, soft-magnetic iron-cobalt-vanadium alloys without any zirconium. 
     The properties of these alloys are given in Tables 1, 4, 15, 21 and 24. These tables reproduce the properties of the molten alloys with various final anneals. The duration of the final anneals and the annealing temperatures were varied. The annealing temperatures were varied from 720° C. to 800° C. The duration of the final anneals was varied from one hour to four hours. 
     A graph summarizing the results found for these three alloys from the prior art is given in  FIGS. 1 ,  2  and  3 . As can be seen from these figures, with these alloys a high yield strength, i.e., a yield strength R p0.2  of over 700 MPa, can only be achieved if significant losses in the soft-magnetic properties are accepted. All three alloys have a semihard-magnetic behavior, i.e. a coercive force H c  of more than 6.0 A/cm, in the range of 700 MPa and above. 
     Exemplary Embodiments: 
     As exemplary embodiments according to the present invention, five different alloy batches were produced, listed under batch designations 93/6279, 93/6284, 93/6285, 93/6655 and 93/6661 in Tables 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 25 and 26. 
     In these alloys, firstly the zirconium content was varied, and secondly the zirconium content together with the other alloying constituents niobium and tantalum that are responsible for the ductility were varied. 
     With these alloy batches too, both the annealing temperatures for the magnetic final anneals and the final annealing times were varied. The final annealing times were varied between one hour and four hours. The final annealing temperatures were varied between 720° and 800° C. 
     A graph summarizing the individual results is given in  FIGS. 4 to 8 . These figures also show the coercive force H c  as a function of the yield strength R p0.2 . Unlike with the alloys from the prior art, which have been discussed above under the Comparative Examples, the alloys according to the present invention have very high yield strengths combined, at the same time, with very good soft-magnetic properties. 
     This can be seen in particular from  FIGS. 7 and 8 . The alloys shown there have yield strengths of over 700 MPa combined with coercive forces of approximately 5.0 A/cm. 
     It can be seen in particular from  FIG. 3  that if zirconium contents of less than 0.30% by weight are used, as disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 3,634,072, it is not in fact possible to produce truly high-strength alloys. 
     By comparison with the composition 49.2 Co; 1.9 V; 0.16 Ta; 0.77 Zr; remainder Fe, the V content was varied from 0-3% and the Co content from 10-49% in batches 93/7179 to 93/7184. These exemplary embodiments are compiled in  FIGS. 9 to 15  and Tables 26 to 32. Batch 74/5517 99/5278 is a comparison alloy from the prior art. 
     Table 26 shows the investigation into the appropriate quenching temperature for the special melt tests of batches 93/7179 to 93/7183. Only batch 93/7184 was cold-rolled without quenching. After quenching at the temperatures determined in each instance, cf. Table 26, it was possible for the strips to be cold-rolled to their final thickness. 
       FIGS. 9 to 11  show the relationship between induction and field strength for batches 93/7180 to 93/7184 after a final anneal under various annealing parameters. Inductances are corrected for air flow in accordance with ASTM A 341/A 341M and IEC 404-4. These results and the results of the tensile tests are listed in Tables 27, 29 and 31. 
     The relationship between Co content and V content and yield strength R p0.2  is illustrated in graph form in  FIGS. 12 and 13 . 
     Tables 28, 30 and 32 show the resistivity and the hysteresis losses for batches 93/7179 to 93/7184. The relationship between resistivity ρ e1  and Co and V content for various annealing parameters is presented in graph form in  FIGS. 14 and 15 . 
     The alloys according to the present invention are particularly suitable for magnetic bearings, in particular for the rotors of magnetic bearings, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,747, and as material for generators and for motors. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Strip 0.35 mm  1 h 720° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Static magnetic 
               
               
                   
                 measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 [A/cm] 
                 B 3   1)  [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 49.10 
                 1.95 
                   
                 0.03 
                 Zr~0.28 
                 10.945 
                 0.088 
                 0.368 
                 1.669 
                 1.893 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.37 
                 0.04 
                   
                 10.638 
                 0.087 
                 0.394 
                 1.861 
                 1.985 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.23 
                 0.04 
                   
                 12.144 
                 0.077 
                 0.287 
                 1.650 
                 1.918 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Without air flow 
                 Mechanical 
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [%] 
                 [GPa] 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 2.018 
                 2.135 
                 2.222 
                 1229 
                 721 
                 11.8-16.6 
                 219-262 
                 371-377 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 2.080 
                 2.180 
                 2.270 
                 1521 
                 939 
                 19.2-21.2 
                 251-264 
                 421-432 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 2.038 
                 2.152 
                 2.246 
                 1498 
                 890 
                 21.3-21.8 
                 239-271 
                 414-418 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h, 720° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Ad- 
                 H c   
                 B 3   
                   
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 dition 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 2.815 
                 0.549 
                 1.902 
                 2.054 
                 2.115 
                 970 
                 633 
                 8.5 
                 241 
                 312 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 3.435 
                 0.319 
                 1.798 
                 1.995 
                 2.066 
                 993 
                 663 
                 7.6-9.5 
                 235 
                 329 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 3.381 
                 0.334 
                 1.797 
                 1.983 
                 2.061 
                 953 
                 675 
                 6.9-8.3 
                 243 
                 333 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h/720° C./H2/OK/    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 0.86 
                 x 
                 5.265 
                 0.204 
                 1.393 
                 1.850 
                 1.965 
                 2.050 
                 2.130 
                 2.170 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 0.77 
                 # 0.16 
                 6.397 
                 0.175 
                 1.121 
                 1.824 
                 1.945 
                 2.037 
                 2.118 
                 2.170 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6655 
                 1101-1251 
                 753-772 
                  9.7-13.9 
                 239-248 
                 326-332 
               
               
                   
                 93/6661 
                 1245-1285 
                 831-833 
                 12.3-14.7 
                 223-251 
                 341-349 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Strip 0.35 mm  2 h 720° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Static magnetic 
               
               
                   
                 measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 [A/cm] 
                 B 3   1)  [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 49.10 
                 1.95 
                   
                 0.03 
                 Zr~0.28 
                 1.810 
                 1.687 
                 2.028 
                 2.141 
                 2.189 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.37 
                 0.04 
                   
                 6.442 
                 0.161 
                 1.384 
                 1.990 
                 2.068 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.23 
                 0.04 
                   
                 5.791 
                 0.183 
                 1.499 
                 1.986 
                 2.066 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Without air flow 
                 Mechanical 
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [%] 
                 [GPa] 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 2.236 
                 2.303 
                 2.378 
                  907 
                 504 
                 9.5-9.6 
                 246-263 
                 247-261 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 2.151 
                 2.239 
                 2.316 
                 1379 
                 761 
                 15.1-22.5 
                 257-268 
                 332-335 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 2.146 
                 2.232 
                 2.307 
                 1335 
                 700 
                 16.6-23.0 
                 243-250 
                 323-326 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h, 720° C., H 2 , OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 B 3  (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 3.172 
                 0.417 
                 1.836 
                 2.024 
                 2.092 
                 1041 
                 612 
                 9.7-11.0 
                 242-243 
                 283-293 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 2.950 
                 0.588 
                 1.843 
                 2.010 
                 2.084 
                  965 
                 636 
                 5.1-11.3 
                 245-247 
                 291-294 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 3.287 
                 0.412 
                 1.847 
                 1.969 
                 2.048 
                 1060 
                 641 
                 8.0-11.3 
                 246-247 
                 300-304 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h/720° C./H2/OK/    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 0.86 
                 x 
                 4.003 
                 0.295 
                 1.630 
                 1.922 
                 2.017 
                 2.092 
                 2.161 
                 2.205 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 0.77 
                 # 0.16 
                 5.218 
                 0.218 
                 1.429 
                 1.887 
                 1.991 
                 2.068 
                 2.145 
                 2.196 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6655 
                 1095-1187 
                 679-695 
                 10.3-12.8 
                 247-253 
                 309-312 
               
               
                   
                 93/6661 
                 1100-1267 
                 749-766 
                  9.3-13.9 
                 235-249 
                 323-329 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, z.B. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h, 720° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
                 With air flow 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 correction from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.600 
                 0.1214 
                  91.302 
                 388.531 
                 1.781 
                 2.016 
                 2.117 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.949 
                 0.1502 
                 100.746 
                 404.399 
                 1.629 
                 1.958 
                 2.075 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 2.005 
                   
                   
                   
                 1.606 
                 1.959 
                 2.070 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 With air flow 
                   
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6279 
                 2.158 
                 2.187 
                 2.219 
                 2.248 
                 849 
                 510 
                 5.8-9.4 
                 228-233 
                 282-302 
               
               
                   
                 93/6284 
                 2.127 
                 2.163 
                 2.198 
                 2.227 
                 940 
                 558 
                 7.1-9.2 
                 236-254 
                 319-321 
               
               
                   
                 93/6285 
                 2.121 
                   
                   
                   
                 913 
                 570 
                 6.8-8.2 
                 230-238 
                 336-338 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 p hyst /f: static Hysteresis losses at B = 2 T 
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 40  at H = 40 A/cm 
               
               
                   
                   2) P Fe  at B = 2 T 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h/720° C./H2/OK    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 0.86 
                 x 
                 3.038 
                 0.2482 
                 139.757 
                 501.111 
                 0.602 
                 1.738 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 0.77 
                 # 0.16 
                 3.913 
                 0.3098 
                 164.061 
                 560.637 
                 0.320 
                 1.680 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
                   
                 E- 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 1.959 
                 2.044 
                 2.110 
                 2.170 
                 2.207 
                 1107-1119 
                 622-624 
                 11.3-11.4 
                 234-243 
                 277-292 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 1.952 
                 2.035 
                 2.035 
                 2.165 
                 2.206 
                 1167-1241 
                 692-700 
                 11.7-13.9 
                 240-250 
                 310-329 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 p hyst /f: static Hysteresis losses at B = 2 T 
               
               
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
               
                   2) p Fe  at B = 2 T 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h, 730° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Ad- 
                 H c   
                 B 3   
                 B 8   
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 dition 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.966 
                 1.687 
                 1.999 
                 2.104 
                 2.155 
                 938 
                 583 
                 8.4-8.6 
                 243-244 
                 280-281 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 2.514 
                 0.929 
                 1.921 
                 2.056 
                 2.114 
                 997 
                 611 
                 9.1-9.3 
                 243-249 
                 300 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 2.431 
                 1.125 
                 1.913 
                 2.045 
                 2.103 
                 964 
                 629 
                 6.5-9.4 
                 237-250 
                 301-303 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h, 730° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Ad- 
                 H c   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 dition 
                 (A/cm) 
                 B 3  (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.717 
                 1.758 
                 2.017 
                 2.118 
                 2.169 
                 875 
                 513 
                 7.3-9.0 
                 238 
                 270 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 2.115 
                 1.515 
                 1.962 
                 2.083 
                 2.133 
                 884 
                 547 
                 6.0-8.9 
                 236 
                 285 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 2.334 
                 1.271 
                 1.921 
                 2.045 
                 2.097 
                 738 
                 561 
                 2.9-7.3 
                 242 
                 297 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Annneal: 1 h 740° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 B 3  (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.977 
                 1.600 
                 1.979 
                 2.096 
                 2.152 
                 1051 
                 561 
                 10.2-12.1 
                 230-241 
                 305-314 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 2.282 
                 1.289 
                 1.931 
                 2.066 
                 2.121 
                 1050 
                 605 
                 10.0-10.2 
                 239-242 
                 276-283 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 2.588 
                 0.833 
                 1.874 
                 2.013 
                 2.078 
                 966 
                 612 
                 6.8-9.6 
                 234-236 
                 289-297 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h/740° C./H2/OK    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Static magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 0.86 
                 x 
                 3.203 
                 0.443 
                 1.727 
                 1.954 
                 2.037 
                 2.101 
                 2.161 
                 2.201 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 0.77 
                 # 0.16 
                 3.901 
                 0.297 
                 1.699 
                 1.958 
                 2.040 
                 2.105 
                 2.170 
                 2.217 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6655 
                  946-1100 
                 638-650 
                  7.4-11.1 
                 240-241 
                 294-297 
               
               
                   
                 93/6661 
                 1169-1173 
                 694-703 
                 12.0-12.3 
                 228-243 
                 303-312 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Annneal: 2 h 740° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 B 3  (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.646 
                 1.739 
                 1.993 
                 2.095 
                 2.136 
                 922 
                 511 
                  7.2-10.3 
                 237-245 
                 264-272 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 2.073 
                 1.559 
                 1.972 
                 2.088 
                 2.142 
                 886 
                 573 
                 5.6-8.1 
                 234-246 
                 278-284 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 2.100 
                 1.564 
                 1.957 
                 2.076 
                 2.130 
                 967 
                 566 
                 7.9-9.8 
                 234-240 
                 273-288 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h/740° C./H2/OK    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Static magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 0.86 
                 x 
                 2.601 
                 0.776 
                 1.826 
                 2.011 
                 2.082 
                 2.140 
                 2.186 
                 2.217 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 0.77 
                 # 0.16 
                 2.773 
                 0.636 
                 1.838 
                 2.012 
                 2.085 
                 2.137 
                 2.189 
                 2.220 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6655 
                 1037-1043 
                 581-592 
                 10.0-10.1 
                 241-243 
                 280-293 
               
               
                   
                 93/6661 
                 1127-1143 
                 627-635 
                 11.6-12.5 
                 223-246 
                 289-295 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, z.B. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Strip 0.35 mm  4 h 740° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Static magnetic 
                 With air flow 
               
               
                   
                 measurements 
                 correction from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 wt-. % 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 [A/cm] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 49.10 
                 1.95 
                   
                 0.03 
                 Zr~0.28 
                 1.149 
                 1.931 
                 2.101 
                 2.185 
                 2.219 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.37 
                 0.04 
                   
                 3.719 
                 0.694 
                 1.838 
                 2.051 
                 2.111 
                 2.172 
                 2.231 
                 2.265 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.23 
                 0.04 
                   
                 3.194 
                 0.597 
                 1.900 
                 2.078 
                 2.137 
                 2.178 
                 2.230 
                 2.266 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 [MPa] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [%] 
                 [GPa] 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/5973 
                 813-874 
                 407-438 
                 8.4-9.7 
                 241-250 
                 231-236 
               
               
                   
                 93/5969 
                  930-1261 
                 582-617 
                  8.9-17.5 
                 229-252 
                 275-291 
               
               
                   
                 93/5968 
                 1061-1192 
                 569-588 
                 10.9-15.5 
                 245-262 
                 283-295 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h, 740° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 With air flow 
               
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements 
                 correction 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.456 
                 0.109 
                 85.117 
                 369.182 
                 1.813 
                 2.037 
                 2.132 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.690 
                   
                   
                   
                 1.727 
                 2.001 
                 2.104 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 1.974 
                   
                   
                   
                 1.608 
                 1.963 
                 2.073 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 With air flow 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
                 ρ el   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
                 (Ωmm 2 /m) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6279 
                 2.172 
                 2.199 
                 2.230 
                 2.257 
                 764 
                 484 
                 5.7-6.5 
                 251 
                 242 
                 0.451 
               
               
                   
                 93/6284 
                 2.152 
                   
                   
                   
                 830 
                 525 
                 6.2-7.1 
                 250 
                 275 
                 0.449 
               
               
                   
                 93/6285 
                 2.121 
                   
                   
                   
                 804 
                 552 
                 3.1-6.8 
                 253 
                 280 
                 0.450 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h/740° C./H2/OK/    With air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 H c   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 
                 x 
                 2.270 
                 0.1796 
                 113.844 
                 442.061 
                 1.060 
                 1.862 
                 2.031 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 
                 # 
                 2.351 
                 0.1856 
                 114.229 
                 435.546 
                 1.031 
                 1.884 
                 2.040 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.77 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/6655 
                 2.098 
                 2.147 
                 2.190 
                 2.214 
                 1034 
                 538 
                 9.7 
                 255 
                 268-271 
               
               
                   
                 93/6661 
                 2.101 
                 2.144 
                 2.193 
                 2.223 
                 1058-1124 
                 572-579 
                 10.6-12.1 
                 231-242 
                 277-281 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 p hyst /f: static Hysteresis losses at B = 2 T 
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, z.B. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
               
                   
                   2) p Fe  at B = 2 T 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h, 750° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 wt-% 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                   
                 R p0.2   
                   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 B 3  (T) 
                 B 8  (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 R m  (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 A L  (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.595 
                 1.783 
                 2.033 
                 2.136 
                 2.179 
                 919 
                 533 
                 7.4-9.5 
                 218-250 
                 272-285 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.804 
                 1.667 
                 1.965 
                 2.076 
                 2.123 
                 832 
                 547 
                 3.9-8.1 
                 198-223 
                 285-288 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 1.983 
                 1.543 
                 1.921 
                 2.046 
                 2.101 
                 948 
                 572 
                 7.9-8.4 
                 238-256 
                 290-297 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h, 770° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Addi- 
                 H c   
                 B 3   
                 B 8   
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 tion 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.476 
                 1.819 
                 2.028 
                 2.127 
                 2.169 
                 903 
                 486 
                 8.5-9.0 
                 250-252 
                 257-260 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.634 
                 1.755 
                 1.997 
                 2.098 
                 2.141 
                 854 
                 511 
                 6.3-8.1 
                 252-265 
                 272-273 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 1.808 
                 1.693 
                 1.961 
                 2.066 
                 2.111 
                 881 
                 528 
                 7.2-8.1 
                 244-264 
                 278-281 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h, 770° C., H2, OK 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 Static magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Addi- 
                 H c   
                 B 3   
                 B 8   
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0,2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 tion 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 B 16  (T) 
                 B 24  (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.207 
                 1.860 
                 2.035 
                 2.121 
                 2.155 
                 851 
                 421 
                 8.2-9.5 
                 236-244 
                 254-262 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.427 
                 1.813 
                 2.014 
                 2.106 
                 2.141 
                 882 
                 451 
                 8.5-9.1 
                 239-244 
                 262-268 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr~1.40 
                 1.571 
                 1.761 
                 1.977 
                 2.073 
                 2.110 
                 861 
                 486 
                 6.8-7.9 
                 231-249 
                 270-277 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 21 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Strip 0.35 mm 4 h 770° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 static magnetic 
               
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Addi- 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 B 24   1)   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Ni 
                 tion 
                 H c  [A/cm] 
                 B 3   1)  [T] 
                 B 8   1)  [T] 
                 B 16   1)  [T] 
                 [T] 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 49.10 
                 1.95 
                   
                 0.03 
                 Zr~0.28 
                 0.885 
                 1.980 
                 2.218 
                 2.200 
                 2.227 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.37 
                 0.04 
                   
                 2.038 
                 1.582 
                 2.026 
                 2.128 
                 2.174 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.23 
                 0.04 
                   
                 1.700 
                 1.755 
                 2.061 
                 2.154 
                 2.192 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 with air flow 
                   
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [%] 
                 [GPa] 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                   
                   
                   
                 492-815 
                 370-389 
                 3.6-9.5 
                 232-248 
                 206-210 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 2.211 
                 2.248 
                 2.275 
                 1018-1129 
                 493-501 
                 11.1-13.9 
                 246-250 
                 232-236 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 2.222 
                 2.252 
                 2.275 
                  942-1087 
                 471-479 
                  9.8-13.5 
                 239-253 
                 226-227 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 22 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h, 770° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 Magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Addi- 
                   
                   
                 p Fe   2)  f = 400 Hz 
                 p Fe   2)  f = 1000 Hz 
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 tion 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 p hyst /f (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr~0.80 
                 1.234 
                 0.0819 
                 77.873 
                 363.928 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr~1.00 
                 1.489 
                 0.1241 
                 99.401 
                 442.150 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 with air flow correction from B 40   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 1.861 
                 2.062 
                 2.149 
                 2.184 
                 2.207 
                 2.235 
                 2.260 
                 766 
                 444 
                 4.3-7.5 
                 239 
                 250 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 1.608 
                 1.867 
                 1.968 
                 2.010 
                 2.038 
                 2.066 
                 2.090 
                 782 
                 491 
                 4.3-8.0 
                 233 
                 261 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 23 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h/770° C./H2/OK  with air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 Magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 p hyst /f (J/kg) 
                 p Fe   2)  f = 400 Hz (W/kg) 
                 p Fe   2)  f = 1000 Hz (W/kg) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 # 
                 x 
                 1.819 
                 0.1445 
                 99.664 
                 418.788 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 # 
                 # 
                 1.586 
                 0.1263 
                 89.614 
                 381.568 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 0.77 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 1.457 
                 1.928 
                 2.067 
                 2.127 
                 2.157 
                 2.194 
                 2.227 
                 856-931 
                 481-484 
                 7.2-8.5 
                 237-241 
                 249-264 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 1.623 
                 1.963 
                 2.085 
                 2.139 
                 2.168 
                 2.208 
                 2.227 
                 940-974 
                 478-485 
                 9.0-9.8 
                 217-225 
                 241-258 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 p hyst /f: static hysteresis losses B = 2 T 
               
               
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
               
                   2) P Fe  at B = 2 T 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 24 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Strip 0.35 mm 4 h 800° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 static magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  [A/cm] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 B 24   1)  [T] 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                 49.10 
                 1.95 
                   
                 0.03 
                 Zr~0.28 
                 0.750 
                 2.004 
                 2.141 
                 2.208 
                 2.237 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.37 
                 0.04 
                   
                 1.548 
                 1.842 
                 2.080 
                 2.157 
                 2.200 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 49.10 
                 1.91 
                 0.23 
                 0.04 
                   
                 1.360 
                 1.902 
                 2.098 
                 2.180 
                 2.216 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 with air flow 
                   
               
               
                   
                 correction from B 40   
                 mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [T] 
                 [MPa] 
                 [MPa] 
                 A L /% 
                 [GPa] 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/5973 
                   
                   
                   
                 534-806  
                 365-384 
                 3.7-8.3 
                 233-246 
                 219-228 
               
               
                 93/5969 
                 2.226 
                 2.259 
                 2.285 
                 827-1060 
                 446-474 
                  7.2-12.7 
                 235-253 
                 250-258 
               
               
                 93/5968 
                 2.235 
                 2.263 
                 2.284 
                 926-1015 
                 435-444 
                 10.2-12.7 
                 245-255 
                 230-234 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 25 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h, 800° C., H2, OK 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements 
                 with air flow 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 correction 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ni 
                 Addition 
                 H c  (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 B 3   1)  (T) 
                 B 8   1)  (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 49.20 
                 1.89 
                 0.06 
                 Zr ~ 0.80 
                 1.062 
                 0.0744 
                 74.154 
                 351.926 
                 1.913 
                 2.080 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 49.35 
                 1.90 
                 0.43 
                 Zr ~ 1.00 
                 1.264 
                 0.0945 
                 87.404 
                 404.535 
                 1.835 
                 2.039 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 49.35 
                 1.89 
                 0.44 
                 Zr ~ 1.40 
                 1.456 
                   
                   
                   
                 1.813 
                 2.015 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 with air flow 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 correction 
               
               
                   
                 from B 40   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
                 □ el   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
                 (□mm 2 /m) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6279 
                 2.158 
                 2.188 
                 2.209 
                 2.237 
                 2.261 
                 798 
                 420 
                 6.7-8.1 
                 233 
                 250 
                 0.447 
               
               
                 93/6284 
                 2.129 
                 2.164 
                 2.185 
                 2.210 
                 2.234 
                 843 
                 465 
                 6.6-7.7 
                 240 
                 261 
                 0.448 
               
               
                 93/6285 
                 2.104 
                 2.140 
                   
                   
                   
                 808 
                 504 
                 4.8-7.2 
                 243 
                 279 
                 0.454 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 26 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h/800° C./H2/OK/  with air flow correction from B 40   
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 p Fe   2)   
                 p Fe   2)   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 H c   
                 p hyst /f 
                 f = 400 Hz 
                 f = 1000 Hz 
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Nb 
                 Zr 
                 Ta 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (J/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 49.15 
                 1.90 
                 0.10 
                 #0.86 
                 x 
                 1.640 
                 0.1279 
                 98.076 
                 421.081 
                 1.623 
                 1.959 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 49.70 
                 1.91 
                 x 
                 #0.77 
                 #0.16 
                 1.380 
                 0.1042 
                 83.840 
                 367.657 
                 1.684 
                 1.983 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements 
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/6655 
                 2.084 
                 2.137 
                 2.167 
                 2.204 
                 2.232 
                 848-869 
                 460-462 
                 7.0-7.5 
                 240-247 
                 249-260 
               
               
                 93/6661 
                 2.099 
                 2.153 
                 2.177 
                 2.208 
                 2.229 
                 910-936 
                 441-447 
                 8.7-9.1 
                 241-249 
                 244-254 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 p hyst /f: static hysteresis losses at B = 2 T 
               
               
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 24  at H = 24 A/cm 
               
               
                   2) p Fe  at B = 2 T 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 27 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Quenching 
                   
                 Choice of 
               
               
                 experiments: 
                 Microstructural state 
                 Quenching 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 3 h/880° C. 
                 3 h/900° C. 
                 3 h/920° C. 
                 3 h/940° C. 
                 3 h/950° C. 
                 conditions 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/7179 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α + a 
                 α + a 
                 2 h/970° C./air 
               
               
                 49.2 Co/0 V/ 
                   
                   
                   
                 little α′ 
                 little α′ 
               
               
                 0.16 Ta/0.77 Zr 
               
               
                 93/7180 
                 α + α′ 
                 α + α′ 
                 α + α′ 
                 α′ 
                 α′ 
                 2 h/900° C./air 
               
               
                 49.2 Co/3 V / 
               
               
                 0.16 Ta/0.77 Zr 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α + a little 
                 α + α′ at 
                 2 h/970° C./air 
               
               
                 49.2 Co/1 V/ 
                   
                   
                   
                 α′ 
                 edge more 
               
               
                 0.16 Ta/0.77 Zr 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α′ 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α + a little 
                 α + a 
                 α + a 
                 2 h/800° C./air 
               
               
                 35 Co/2 V/ 
                   
                   
                 α′ 
                 little α′ 
                 little α′ 
               
               
                 0.16 Ta/0.77 Zr 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α 
                 α + a little 
                 2 h/800° C./air 
               
               
                 27 Co/2 V/ 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 α′ 
               
               
                 0.16 Ta/0.77 Zr 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 28 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 1 h/720° C./H2/OK/ 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 Magnetic measurements; with air flow correction from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Density 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ta 
                 Zr 
                 (g/cm 3 ) 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/7180 
                 49.2 
                 3 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12  
                 12.761 
                 0.093 
                 0.319 
                 1.229 
                 1.666 
                 1.843 
                 1.971 
                 2.047 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 49.2 
                 1 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12  
                 5.842 
                 0.160 
                 1.435 
                 1.954 
                 2.048 
                 2.126 
                 2.205 
                 2.258 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 35   
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.004 
                 9.285 
                 0.120 
                 0.643 
                 1.811 
                 1.931 
                 2.033 
                 2.137 
                 2.211 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 27   
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.990 
                 9.248 
                 0.077 
                 0.589 
                 1.661 
                 1.785 
                 1.892 
                 2.039 
                 2.171 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 10   
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.872 
                 6.228 
                 0.103 
                 1.105 
                 1.484 
                 1.603 
                 1.708 
                 1.842 
                 1.985 
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 49.3 
                 2 
                 0.18 
                 0.75 
                 8.12  
                 5.905 
                 0.184 
                 1.189 
                 1.812 
                 1.940 
                 2.033 
                 2.114 
                 2.158 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/7180 
                 1328-1389 
                  998-1018 
                 10.1-11.9 
                 255-263 
                 394-412 
               
               
                   
                 93/7181 
                  955-1145 
                 819-897 
                  5.1-11.2 
                 240-261 
                 364-371 
               
               
                   
                 93/7182 
                 1301-1323 
                  994-1016 
                 11.1-12.1 
                 254-267 
                 375-390 
               
               
                   
                 93/7183 
                 898-930 
                 791-826 
                 6.9-9.4 
                 234-247 
                 281-293 
               
               
                   
                 93/7184 
                 580-597 
                 492-500 
                 16.4-17.4 
                 208-221 
                 180-188 
               
               
                   
                 74/5517 
                 1203-1286 
                 779-819 
                 10.5-14.3 
                 247-265 
                 333-356 
               
               
                   
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 3  at H = 3 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 ρ el   3)   
                 p 1 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   50 Hz   
                 p 2 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   400 Hz   
                 p 2 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 2 T   1000 Hz   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (μΩm) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 93/7180 
                 0.733 
                 11.83 
                 24.51 
                 48.73 2)   
                 99.78 
                 247.8 
                 425.0 
                 279.9 
                 683.4 
                 1166 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 0.365 
                 6.372 
                 14.35 
                 25.76 
                 64.20 
                 141.5 
                 246.5 
                 203.8 
                 468.3 
                  834.5 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 0.477 
                 12.31 
                 24.09 
                 37.09 2)   
                 106.7 
                 248.3 
                 343.9 
                 295.4 
                 613.2 
                 1040 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 0.457 
                 13.42 
                 26.25 
                 42.26 2)   
                 124.3 
                 222.6 
                 383.6 
                 335.2 
                 723.3 
                 1162 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 0.437 
                 11.47 
                 21.19 2)   
                 33.87 2)   
                 102.6 
                 205.2 
                 326.3 2)   
                 301.3 
                 632.7 
                  984.3 2)   
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 — 
                 5.8 
                 14.02 
                 25.2 
                 53.9 
                 118.2 
                 234.2 
                 168.7 
                 401.3 
                  728.8 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   2) Form factor FF = 1.111 ± 1% not fulfilled 
               
               
                   3) ρ el  calculated from the gradient m of the line in p/f (f)-Diagram at B = 2 T with m~1/ρ el  and ρ el (Vacoflux 50) = 0.44 μΩm p 1 T   50 Hz  = hysteresis losses at an Induction B = 1 T and a Frequency f = 50 Hz 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 30 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 2 h/750° C./H2/OK/ 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements; with air flow correction from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt. % 
                 density 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ta 
                 Zr 
                 (g/cm 3 ) 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/7180 
                 49.2 
                 3.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12 
                 6.396 
                 0.188 
                 0.823 
                 1.546 
                 1.754 
                 1.911 
                 2.043 
                 2.144 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 49.2 
                 1.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12 
                 2.660 
                 0.701 
                 1.872 
                 2.053 
                 2.125 
                 2.185 
                 2.240 
                 2.276 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 35 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.004 
                 6.459 
                 0.118 
                 1.090 
                 1.833 
                 1.950 
                 2.055 
                 2.159 
                 2.222 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 27 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.990 
                 7.507 
                 0.079 
                 0.803 
                 1.654 
                 1.765 
                 1.869 
                 2.020 
                 2.168 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 10 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.872 
                 4.728 
                 0.162 
                 1.222 
                 1.498 
                 1.599 
                 1.691 
                 1.816 
                 1.964 
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 49.3 
                 2 
                 0.18 
                 0.75 
                 8.12 
                 2.248 
                 0.970 
                 1.830 
                 2.011 
                 2.081 
                 2.134 
                 2.179 
                 2.206 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/7180 
                  961-1231 
                 678-728 
                 6.6-12.1 
                 250-260 
                 316-344 
               
               
                   
                 93/7181 
                 930-946 
                 602-611 
                 7.7-8.2  
                 248-259 
                 292-303 
               
               
                   
                 93/7182 
                  985-1266 
                 790-802 
                 5.4-13.7 
                 258-263 
                 323-339 
               
               
                   
                 93/7183 
                 832-847 
                 625-637 
                 8.9-11.9 
                 237-246 
                 258-264 
               
               
                   
                 93/7184 
                 515-527 
                 315-327 
                 20.0-22.9  
                 206-213 
                 142-145 
               
               
                   
                 74/5517 
                  941-1179 
                 551-563 
                 8.4-14.7 
                 216-239 
                 274-291 
               
               
                   
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 3  at H = 3 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 31 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 ρ el   3)   
                 p 1 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   50 Hz   
                 p 2 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   400 Hz   
                 p 2 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 2 T   1000 Hz   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (μΩm) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 93/7180 
                 0.720 
                 5.560 
                 13.91 
                 22.92 2)   
                 49.35 
                 126.7 
                 208.0 
                 152.3 
                 385.1 
                 628.1 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 0.350 
                 2.955 
                 6.606 
                 11.24 
                 35.62 
                 77.80 2)   
                 143.9 
                 132.2 
                 305.0 
                 586.3 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 0.493 
                 7.965 
                 17.15 
                 25.97 2)   
                 73.44 
                 155.7 2)   
                 248.7 
                 213.8 
                 462.5 
                 804.2 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 0.468 
                 11.42 
                 21.51 
                 34.37 2)   
                 99.72 
                 200.1 
                 318.0 
                 288.7 
                 613.8 
                 980.3 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 0.428 
                 8.934 
                 17.60 
                 26.20 2)   
                 82.67 
                 160.9 
                 261.1 2)   
                 261.2 
                 547.6 
                 865.2 2)   
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 — 
                 2.4 
                 5.59 
                 9.9 
                 27.1 
                 56.25 
                 109.1 
                 98.0 
                 230.5 
                 413.0 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   2) Form factor FF = 1.111 ± 1% not fulfilled 
               
               
                   3) ρ el  calculated from the gradient m of the line p/f (f)-Diagram at B = 2 T with m ~1/ρ el  and ρ el (Vacoflux 50) = 0.44 μΩm ρ 1 T   50 Hz  = hysteresis losses at an Induction B = 1 T and a Frequency f = 50 Hz 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 32 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Anneal: 4 h/840° C./H2/OK/ 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Magnetic measurements; with air flow correction from B 40   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Wt-% 
                 density 
                 H c   
                 B 3   1)   
                 B 8   1)   
                 B 16   1)   
                 B 24   1)   
                 B 40   1)   
                 B 80   1)   
                 B 160   1)   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Batch 
                 Co 
                 V 
                 Ta 
                 Zr 
                 (g/cm 3 ) 
                 (A/cm) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
                 (T) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 93/7180 
                 49.2 
                 3.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12 
                 6.398 
                 0.150 
                 0.512 
                 1.099 
                 1.384 
                 1.652 
                 1.907 
                 2.037 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 49.2 
                 1.0 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.12 
                 1.396 
                 1.614 
                 1.958 
                 2.104 
                 2.165 
                 2.213 
                 2.254 
                 2.282 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 35 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 8.004 
                 2.355 
                 0.372 
                 1.556 
                 1.818 
                 1.953 
                 2.092 
                 2.199 
                 2.240 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 27 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.990 
                 3.357 
                 0.154 
                 1.399 
                 1.620 
                 1.717 
                 1.820 
                 1.974 
                 2.141 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 10 
                 2 
                 0.16 
                 0.77 
                 7.872 
                 3.187 
                 0.386 
                 1.249 
                 1.482 
                 1.576 
                 1.663 
                 1.792 
                 1.944 
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 49.3 
                 2 
                 0.18 
                 0.75 
                 8.12 
                 1.065 
                 1.618 
                 1.942 
                 2.074 
                 2.131 
                 2.165 
                 2.196 
                 2.216 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Mechanical measurements 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 R m   
                 R p0.2   
                 A L   
                 E-Modulus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 (MPa) 
                 (MPa) 
                 (%) 
                 (GPa) 
                 HV 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 93/7180 
                  995-1199 
                 553-600 
                  8.3-12.2 
                 250-258 
                 287-302 
               
               
                   
                 93/7181 
                 662-736 
                 379-387 
                 5.3-6.2 
                 257-259 
                 220-233 
               
               
                   
                 93/7182 
                 811-945 
                 478-490 
                 5.8-7.9 
                 253-261 
                 240-254 
               
               
                   
                 93/7183 
                 701-730 
                 379-390 
                 10.8-12.7 
                 236-246 
                 202-217 
               
               
                   
                 93/7184 
                 439-451 
                 190-195 
                 23.8-26.5 
                 198-211 
                 116-121 
               
               
                   
                 74/5517 
                  841-1013 
                 410-427 
                  7.6-10.9 
                 236-271 
                 235-248 
               
               
                   
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   1) Induction B at a field H in A/cm, e.g. B 3  at H = 3 A/cm 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 33 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 ρ el   3)   
                 p 1 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   50 Hz   
                 p 2 T   50 Hz   
                 p 1 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   400 Hz   
                 p 2 T   400 Hz   
                 p 1 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 1.5 T   1000 Hz   
                 p 2 T   1000 Hz   
               
               
                 Batch 
                 (μΩm) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
                 (W/kg) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 93/7180 
                 0.649 
                 5.847 
                 13.67 
                 18.82 2)   
                 53.17 
                 121.7 
                 179.0 2)   
                 163.3 
                 385.2 
                 559.8 
               
               
                 93/7181 
                 0.316 
                 1.829 
                 3.883 
                 6.266 
                 26.64 
                 61.00 
                 104.5 
                 108.6 
                 272.9 
                 510.6 
               
               
                 93/7182 
                 0.446 
                 3.770 
                 6.844 
                 8.882 2)   
                 40.08 
                 68.84 
                 118.0 
                 139.1 
                 263.8 
                 464.9 
               
               
                 93/7183 
                 0.408 
                 5.736 
                 11.32 
                 16.59 2)   
                 56.00 
                 119.3 
                 175.4 
                 182.5 
                 409.4 
                 635.5 
               
               
                 93/7184 
                 0.370 
                 6.314 
                 12.96 2)   
                 19.54 2)   
                 63.53 
                 124.4 
                 204.3 2)   
                 205.4 
                 486.0 
                 707.4 2)   
               
               
                 74/5517 
                 — 
                 1.7 
                 3.348 
                 5.4 
                 21.6 
                 46.85 
                 78.5 
                 82.4 
                 183.8 
                 352.5 
               
               
                 99/5278 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   2) factor FF = 1.111 ± 1% not fulfilled 
               
               
                   3) ρel calculated from the gradient m of the straight line in p/f (f)-Diagram at B = 2 T with m ~1/ρ el  and ρ el (Vacoflux 50) = 0.44 μΩm ρ 1 T   50 Hz  = hysteresis losses at an induction B = 1 T and a Frequency f = 50 Hz