Patent Publication Number: US-11659964-B2

Title: Multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/155,607 filed Jan. 22, 2021, the contents of which are herein incorporated in its entirety for all intents and purposes. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure generally relates to multifunctional wearable devices for sanitization, health, and hygiene. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus for automated administration of a fluid composition. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Concerns about personal hygiene have become increasingly prevalent in modern society. Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been an increased awareness and concern for preventing contamination and infection. The general public is aware of an increasing spread of viruses, threats of epidemics, leading to a general heightened awareness of the multitude of germs that we come in contact with every day. For most people, good hygiene is now an integral part of their daily routine. Among other hygienic practices, for example, individuals wash their hands before and after preparing and/or eating food, after handling an object, or after coming into contact with a potentially unsanitary surface. Various products are available to help sanitize an individual&#39;s hands, for example, wipes infused with a liquid antibacterial solution, antibacterial soaps, alcohol-based sanitizers, and the like. 
     The Clean Hands campaign by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) instructs the public to use alcohol-based sanitizers for hand washing if soap and water are not readily available. Specifically, the CDC advises using sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol or contains a “persistent antiseptic.” Alcohol-based sanitizers can kill many different kinds of bacteria, including antibiotic-resistant bacteria, TB bacteria, many kinds of viruses, including the flu virus, the common cold virus, coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2, H1N1 virus, Norovirus, and  Clostridium difficile . In some cases, alcohol-based sanitizers are more effective against viruses than most other forms of hand washing. Isopropyl alcohol will kill 99.99% or more of all non-spore forming bacteria in less than 30 seconds, both in the laboratory and on human skin. 
     The importance of cleanliness has long been recognized, particularly in the fields of health care, food preparation, employee of an organization and laboratories, to name a few. Although traditional hand washing using soap and water is performed by most people, one can unwittingly be exposed to unsanitary conditions after washing their hands. For example, there is risk of potential exposure to unsanitary surfaces by touching a handrail of a stairway or escalator, and/or when opening doors, handling currency, touching keyboards, etc. Thus, sanitizer dispensers are used in a wide variety of settings to provide a sanitizing material to clean hands prior to undertaking activities where cleanliness is important, such as prior to eating, handling food, or attending to a patient at a health care facility. 
     Wearable dispensers of fluids (e.g., alcohol-based sanitizers) can provide ready access hand hygiene without the need to visit a fixed hand washing station and can reduce the time required to perform hand hygiene. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure relates to a multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus. In particular, the present disclosure provides a multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus including a liquid sanitizing dispenser to maintain hygiene and tackle the ongoing pandemic. Advantageously, the multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus includes a rotatable nozzle that can rotate and dispense fluid using an electric pump assembly. The electric pump assembly may be actuated upon an action (e.g., movement) detected by a sensor to dispenser the fluid from a removable cartridge of the apparatus. The multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus can be used many times by replacing and/or refilling a removable cartridge attached the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus. The wearable fluid dispensing apparatus provides users the convenience of not having to carry around a bottle of sanitizer to clean their hands and can also be used to disinfect commonly touched surfaces, thus greatly reducing or preventing spreading bacteria and/or viruses. 
     In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides an apparatus comprising: a frame comprising an upper wall and a pair of lateral walls defining an receptacle; a cartridge removably attached to the frame within at least a portion of the receptacle of the frame, the cartridge comprising an interior reservoir and a fluid extraction port; a fluid transfer conduit disposed within the interior reservoir of the cartridge and having a lower end disposed proximal to an inner surface of a lower end of the cartridge and an upper end coupled to an inside surface of the cartridge and disposed proximal to the fluid extraction port of the cartridge, a housing located above the upper wall of the frame, the housing comprising an electric pump assembly in communication with the fluid transfer conduit of the cartridge; and a rotatable nozzle removably attached to the electric pump assembly. In some embodiments, the housing further comprises: a sensor; a processor in communication with the sensor, the processor configured to process information from the sensor; and a control unit in communication with the processor and coupled to the electric pump assembly, the processor configured to send a signal to the control unit to actuate the electric pump assembly. In some embodiments, the sensor comprises a touch screen, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the control unit is configured to actuate a piston of the electric pump assembly to dispense a fluid from the cartridge based on the signal from the processor. In some embodiments, the rotatable nozzle is configured to rotate along a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. In some embodiments, an emission angle of the rotatable nozzle can be adjusted along a 360° rotation path. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a removable slot in the frame for receiving a radio-frequency identification device. In some embodiments, each of the lateral walls of the frame comprise a fastening member for retaining the cartridge. In some embodiments, the cartridge comprises lateral side walls, each of the lateral side walls comprise a second fastening member that engages the fastening member of the frame. In some embodiments, the cartridge comprises a front face and a rear face, the front face comprising a convex shape and the rear face comprising a substantially flat shape. 
     In some embodiments, a wearable apparatus is provided, the wearable apparatus comprising: a wristband comprising a first band portion and a second band portion; a frame removably coupled to the first band portion and the second band portion of the wristband, the frame comprising a bottom wall, an upper wall, and a pair of lateral walls defining an receptacle; a cartridge removably attached to the frame within at least a portion of the receptacle of the frame, the cartridge comprising an interior reservoir and a fluid extraction port; a fluid transfer conduit disposed within the interior reservoir of the cartridge and having a lower end disposed proximal to an inner surface of a lower end of the cartridge and an upper end coupled to an inside surface of the cartridge and disposed proximal to the fluid extraction port of the cartridge, a housing located above the upper wall of the frame, the housing comprising an electric pump assembly in communication with the fluid transfer conduit of the cartridge; and a rotatable nozzle removably attached to the electric pump assembly. In some embodiments, the housing further comprises: a sensor coupled to the frame; a processor in communication with the sensor, the processor configured to process information from the sensor; and a control unit in communication with the processor and coupled to the electric pump assembly, the processor configured to send a signal to the control unit to actuate the electric pump assembly. In some embodiments, the sensor comprises a touch screen, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the control unit is configured to actuate a piston of the electric pump assembly to dispense a fluid from the cartridge based on a signal from the sensor. In some embodiments, the wearable apparatus further comprises a removable slot in the frame for receiving a radio-frequency identification device. In some embodiments, the wearable apparatus further comprises an LCD device removably attached to the wristband. In some embodiments, the LCD device comprises a housing having a first connection means and a second connection means on opposing sides of the housing. 
     Numerous benefits are achieved by way of the present disclosure over conventional wearable products. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure provide multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus that avoids the risk of cross contamination. As explained in the disclosure, the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus can provide automated delivery of fluid composition and can be integrated with other wearable devices. These and other embodiments of the disclosure, along with many of their advantages and features, are described in more detail in conjunction with the text below and attached figures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a front elevation view of the frame of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a front elevation view of the removable cartridge of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a front elevation view of the removable cartridge coupled to the frame of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates a front perspective view of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a rear perspective view of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  6 A  illustrates an exploded view of the electronics housing of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  6 B  illustrates a schematic of the electronic components of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  7    is a cross-sectional view of the pump assembly of the wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    is a perspective view of a wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The present disclosure describes a number of embodiments related to a multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus. The multifunctional wearable fluid dispensing apparatus provides a novel and efficient way to sanitize surfaces, personal items, and/or bodily extremities. In particular, the wearable fluid dispensing devices may include an electric pump assembly that is capable of dispensing a fluid upon a triggering action (e.g., touch, hand waving, movement, voice signals, etc.). The wearable devices described herein provide a convenient way to sanitize at any moment with little or no risk of contamination. In some embodiments, the wearable devices comprises a frame for receiving a sealed removable cartridge comprising a fluid (e.g., antibacterial, lotion, etc.) The frame may include an electric pump assembly that engages with a fluid transfer conduit within the removable cartridge to dispense fluid through a rotatable nozzle. Additionally, the wearable devices described herein may be equipped with electronics (e.g., RFIDs, LCD screens, gyroscopes, etc.) to provide additional functionality for the wearable device. For example, the wearable devices may include an RFID tag to monitor location, provide a payment system, and/or as an entry/exit system. 
     Conventional wearable devices may include a pouch or container for dispensing fluids. These designs have a very high susceptibility for cross contamination or leakage. For example, some conventional wearable devices include a polymer pouch that dispenses fluid when pressure is applied. However, these devices have a risk of contamination as the pouch is not sealed. Additionally, inadvertent pressure applied to the device may waste fluid within the pouch. Some other designs may utilize a removable cartridge that can be refilled. However, these devices also have a risk of contamination due to constantly opening and closing the fluid container. This may lead to reduced efficacy of any of the fluids within the container. 
     Additionally, a significant portion of the population keep hand sanitizers at a nearby location, for example, in a desk drawer, or even more readily available in a pocket or purse. Small portable sanitizer dispensers are provided specifically so that the sanitizer can be stored in a manner such that it is readily available. The dispensers most commonly employed for these purposes are simply small squeeze bottles closed off by a cap having a dispenser aperture through which the product is dispensed. The small, flexible bottle is typically inverted so that the sanitizer fills the volume near the dispensing aperture while air in the container moves upwardly toward the bottom of the container. The container is then squeezed so that a desired amount of product is forced out of the dispensing aperture. These dispensers are practical and popular, but they serve only the purpose of acting as a dispenser, and they are not as readily accessible as they could be because, in order to be used, they must still be retrieved from a desk drawer, pocket or purse or elsewhere, depending upon where they are stored. Further, constantly retrieving and storing these devices can lead to contamination of the container. 
     The present disclosure provides a novel and efficient multifunctional wearable fluid apparatus for dispensing a fluid (e.g., an antibacterial) that avoids the risk of contamination and can be integrated with other smart devices. The wearable apparatus includes an electric pump assembly that can dispense a predetermined volume of fluid based on a triggering action. This entirely avoids the need to constantly retrieve and touch the wearable apparatus, thus leading to less cross contamination. As described above, a user can dispense a quantity of fluid by any of a plurality of actions, for example, touching the front face of device, moving the device towards the face and turning the wrist, etc., which can be detected by a sensor integrated into the frame of the wearable device. The sensor can send a signal to a control unit which can simultaneously adjust the rotatable nozzle disposed on the electric pump assembly (e.g., adjust the nozzle perpendicular to the front face of the frame facing away from the user&#39;s wrist) and actuate a piston in the electric pump assembly to force a quantity of the fluid through a rotatable nozzle. In some embodiments, the angle of the rotatable nozzle can be adjusted to dispense (e.g., spray) the fluid in a desired direction. For example, if the device is worn on the wrist with frame positioned on the opposite side of the palm, the rotatable nozzle can be adjusted laterally to dispense the fluid at an angle perpendicular to the wrist. The rotatable nozzle can swivel on a XYZ axis to provide a multitude of different spray angles. Additionally, the wearable apparatus includes electronics (e.g., RFIDs, LCD screens, gyroscopes, etc.) to provide additional functionality for the wearable device. 
     Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” or “illustrative” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. All of the implementations described below are exemplary is provided to enable persons skilled in the art to make or use the embodiments of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure which is defined by the claims. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification, are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise. 
       FIG.  1    shows a frame of a wearable fluid dispensing apparatus according to some embodiments. The wearable apparatus may comprise a frame  102  and a removable cartridge  150  (shown in  FIG.  2   ). In some embodiments, the frame  102  has a bottom wall  106  and a pair of opposing side walls, the first side wall  108  and the second side wall  110 . In some embodiments, the bottom wall  106  may be slightly curved. The first side wall  108  and the second side wall  110  may be flared outwardly in opposite directions from a pair of opposite side edges of the bottom wall  106 , respectively, defining the receptacle  104 . The receptacle  104  defines an interior volume of the frame  102  below the housing  120 . In some embodiments, the rear wall of receptacle  104  is substantially flat or can be arcuate. The receptacle  104  can be sized, shaped and otherwise has a geometry to conform with and receive a removable cartridge  150  containing a fluid. The wearable fluid-dispensing wearable apparatus can be used with a removable cartridge  150  containing any fluid, for example, an antibacterial fluid, lotion, sunscreen, cleaning solution, etc. 
     The frame  102  may include one or more fastening members for accepting a removable cartridge  150 . In the embodiment shown in  FIG.  1   , the removable cartridge  150  can be retained within frame  102  by a first clasp  114  and a second clasp  116 . In some embodiments, the frame  102  may optionally comprise a central clasp on an upper wall  112  of frame  102  and/or at one end of the bottom wall  106 . In some embodiments, the one or more fastening members on the frame  102  may be female fastening members that engage with and receive male fastening members on the removable cartridge  150  to couple the removable cartridge  150  to the frame  102 . Alternatively, the one or more fastening members of frame  102  may be male fastening members that engage with female fastening members on the removable cartridge  150 . In some embodiments, the fastening members can be interlocking clasps, hook and loop fasteners, magnetic fasteners, frictional fit fasteners, among others. In some embodiments, the frame  102  of the wearable apparatus does not include a bottom wall such that a removable cartridge  150  can slide into the frame  102 . In some embodiments, the frame  102  of the wearable apparatus does not include a side wall such that a removable cartridge  150  can slide into the frame  102 . 
     In some embodiments, the frame  102  may comprise an upper wall  112 , a first side wall  108 , and an opposing second wall  110  that defines the receptacle  104  of the frame  102 . The receptacle  104  of the frame  102  can receive the removable cartridge  150 . The rear wall of the receptacle  104  of the frame  102  may have an arcuate surface. For example, the rear wall may comprise a central region having a peak and adjacent sections that are lower than the peak. The frame  102  further comprises a first shoulder region  118  and a second shoulder region  120 . The first shoulder region  118  is adjacent the first side wall  108  and second shoulder region  120  is adjacent the second side wall  110 . 
     The frame  102  also may have a first clasp  114  extending from the first side wall  108  and a second clasp  116  extending from the second side wall  110  for releasable engagement with the removable cartridge  150  to aid in retaining the cartridge within the receptacle  104  of frame  102 . In some embodiments, the first clasp  114  and the second clasp  114  are integrally molded with the first side wall  108  and the second side wall  110  of the frame  102  to form a unitary structure. In some embodiments, the clasps are resilient members of the frame  102  to enable deflection of the clasps for snap-fitting engagement with removable cartridge  150 . 
     The frame  102  may comprise a housing  180  that is disposed above the receptacle  104 . In some embodiments, the housing  180  includes the electric pump assembly  130  and other electronics. For example, the housing  180  may comprise a sensor  182  and a slot  160  for receiving an electronics module (e.g., an RFID tag). In some embodiments, the housing  180  may comprise a sensor  182 , a processor configured to process information from the sensor, a control unit to actuate the electric pump assembly and/or adjust the rotatable nozzle  125 , as further shown in  FIG.  6 B . The housing  180  may further include a battery and electrical circuitry. The central region of the housing  180  includes the pump assembly  130 . The pump assembly  130  includes a pump in fluid communication with the interior reservoir of the removable cartridge  150  (shown in  FIG.  2   ) via a fluid extraction passageway. A rotatable nozzle  135  may be removably attached to the pump assembly  130 . The rotatable nozzle  135  can be manually adjusted in any lateral or longitudinal direction. In some embodiments, the sensor  182  can detect a target location to dispense fluid and the rotatable nozzle  135  can be adjusted by the control unit accordingly. 
       FIG.  2    shows a cartridge  150  according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the cartridge  150  is a removable cartridge that is configured to be coupled to the receptacle  104  of the frame  102  shown in  FIG.  1   . The removable cartridge  150  comprises a container  151  defining an interior reservoir  152  for retaining a volume of fluid. In some embodiments, the fluid can be an antibacterial solution, an alcohol-based solution, a scented solution, or combinations thereof. The rear wall (not shown) of the removable cartridge  150  may comprise a curvature that corresponds to the curvature of the rear wall of the frame  102 . In some embodiments, the removable cartridge  150  comprises a first shoulder region  156  and a second shoulder region  158 . In some embodiments, the removable cartridge  150  includes a grip area that can be included on the front exterior surface of the cartridge  150  to aid in the removal and insertion of the cartridge  150 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  2   , the cartridge  150  also defines an extraction port  154 . In some embodiments, the extraction port  154  is an annular-shaped extraction port  154  that is disposed between the first shoulder region  156  and the second shoulder region  158 . For example, the annular-shaped extraction port  154  may be disposed at a top center of the cartridge  150  for engagement with an annular housing  132  of the pump assembly  130 . In some embodiments, a bulge is formed at a central bottom portion of the cartridge  150  to provide a low point for pooling fluid. For example, an antibacterial fluid can pool at the low point in order to minimize waste of the antibacterial fluid. In some embodiments, the cartridge  150  is constructed of a translucent (clear) material. This facilitates viewing through the cartridge to determine the relative quantity of fluid remaining. Although not depicted, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the cartridge  150  may be constructed having hash marks for determining the remaining volume of fluid. 
       FIG.  3    shows the removable cartridge  150  coupled to the frame  102  according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  3   , the receptacle  104  of the frame  102  can receive the removable cartridge  150  such that it is flush with the front face of the frame  102 . In some embodiments, the removable cartridge  150  can be retained within the frame  105  by a first clasp  114  and a second clasp  116 . A grip area  161  can be included on the front exterior surface of the cartridge  150  to aid in the removal and insertion of the cartridge  150 . 
     In some embodiments, the annular housing  132  of the pump assembly  130  closely fits or engages with the extraction port  154  of the removable cartridge when the cartridge  150  is fully engaged with the frame  102  and retained in place by one or more fastening members. In some embodiments, the pump assembly  130  closely fits or engages with the extraction port  154  of the removable cartridge  150  to provide a leak-proof seal at the extraction port  154 . In some embodiments, an upper end of a fluid transfer conduit is spaced below the extraction port  154  of the cartridge  150  and extends downward through the interior reservoir  152  of the cartridge  150  substantially to the bottom of the cartridge bulge for maximum extraction of the antibacterial fluid therein. In some embodiments, the fluid transfer conduit is disposed within the interior reservoir of the cartridge  150  and having a lower end disposed proximal to an inner surface of a lower end of the cartridge and an upper end coupled to an inside surface of the cartridge and disposed proximal to the fluid extraction port  154  of the cartridge. In some embodiments, a rotatable nozzle  135  can be removably attached to the pump assembly  130 . The rotatable nozzle  135  can be angled and oriented (hereinafter “emission angle”) that can be adjusted for a desirable emission angle. For example, the emission angle can range from 0° to 180°. In some embodiments, the rotatable nozzle  135  is mounted on the pump assembly  130  and is rotatable about a first axis (e.g., vertical) in relation to other normally fixed parts of the frame. The rotatable nozzle  135  can also be pivotable or rotatable about a second axis (e.g., horizontal), thereby providing a variable emission angle along an XYZ axis. In some embodiments, a single driving means is connected via gears and a clutch mechanism to rotate the rotatable nozzle  135  about the first axis and the second axis to provide an emission angle along a 360° rotation path. For example, a control unit can adjust the emission angle of the rotatable nozzle  135  based on a user input, or the rotatable nozzle  135  can be adjusted based on a target object detected by a sensor. 
       FIGS.  4  and  5    show front and rear perspective views of the wearable apparatus  100  according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the wearable apparatus  100  may comprise a housing  180  located above the frame  102  for housing, for example, the pump assembly, electronics, and circuitry. In some embodiments, the housing  180  comprises a slot  160  for receiving an electronics module. The slot  160  may comprise brackets defining a receptacle for accepting an electronics module. The receptacle may comprise an outer wall for receiving the electronics module within the slot  160 . In some embodiments, the brackets can be mechanically actuated out of the slot to receive the electronics module upon a user action (e.g., touch, push button, etc.). In some embodiments, the slot  160  may receive a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag. An RFID reader can transmit a modulated radio frequency (RF) signal to the RFID tag for a desired function. Passive RFID tags comprise an antenna that receives power transmitted from the reader and couples that power to be used by on-tag circuitry. For example, the on-tag circuitry modulates the input impedance coupled to the antenna between strongly matched and strongly mismatched states which can be detected by the reader to communicate data between the reader and the tag. RFID has a number of standard frequency ranges, each of which offer varying performance characteristics. 
     In some embodiments, the wristband  170  of the wearable apparatus  100  comprises a slot for receiving an RFID or other identification module to be worn by end-users. The wristband  170  may comprise a two-piece design in that it includes: (a) a base or ID band element with a body that includes a user identification member such as an RFID tag or module at one end; and (b) a sizing or extending band element with a body or spoke that includes a loop or lasso at one end to loop around and attach to the base or ID band element (e.g., over the end containing the user identification member). In some embodiments, an RFID holder is embedded in the wristband. For example, the RFID can be inserted in a pouch located on the wristband. The RFID tag can be provided for a plurality of end uses. For example, the RFID can provide access entry points (e.g., hotel rooms, hospitals, or office buildings), employee tracking (e.g., time keeping, location tracking, etc.), or provide merchant services (e.g., payment systems). 
     As shown in  FIGS.  6 A and  6 B , the wearable apparatus  100  may comprise a housing  180  located above the frame  102 . The housing  180  may comprise the electrical components of the wearable apparatus  100 . In some embodiments, the housing  180  may include a sensor  182 , a processor  184 , a control unit  186 , a battery  188 , and electrical circuitry  190 . The sensor  182  can detect an action of user for dispensing a fluid from the removable cartridge  150 . For example, the sensor  182  can be a touch screen, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or combinations thereof. Based on the sensed action, the processor  184  can send a signal to actuate the control unit  186  (e.g., a gear assembly) to dispense fluid through the pump assembly  130 . In some embodiments, the sensor  182  is a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). The MEMS can be formed by a combination of semiconductor and microfabrication technologies using micro-machine processing to integrate all the electronics, sensors, and mechanical elements onto a common substrate (e.g., silicon substrate). MEMS sensors have many applications in measuring either linear acceleration along one or several axis, or angular motion about one or several axis as an input to control a system. For example, MEMS accelerometer sensors can measure the displacement of a mass with a position-measuring interface circuit. That measurement is then converted into a digital electrical signal through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for digital processing. In some embodiments, the sensor  182  is a gyroscope to measure both the displacement of the resonating mass and its frame. In some embodiments, the sensor  182  is an accelerometer to measure linear acceleration (specified in mV/g) along one or several axis. The processor  184  can process the information collected by the sensor  182  to actuate the control unit  186  to dispense fluid from the pump assembly  130 . In some embodiments, the battery  188  is a rechargeable battery. 
     In some embodiments, the pump assembly  130  can be activated according to any of a plurality of actions. In some embodiments, the MEMS integrated within the housing  180  can detect motion of a user to dispense fluid from the cartridge. For example, when the wearable fluid-containing device  100  is turned and moved in an upward motion, the MEMS sends an electrical signal to the processor  184  to actuate the control unit  186  to depress the piston  134  of the pump assembly  130 , and then de-activates, by releasing, the piston of the pump assembly, creating a vacuum, or negative pressure, that draws a volume of fluid up through conduit  138  into fluid extraction passageway  133 . Subsequently, upon once again activating, by depressing, the piston  134  of the pump assembly  130 , pressure forces a volume of the fluid out through rotatable nozzle  135  into the user&#39;s hand for subsequent application to the hands and/or other body parts as desired. The piston translation path, which can be seen best in  FIG.  7   , spans in a downward direction toward the fluid extraction passageway  133  and upward in a direction away from the fluid extraction passageway  133 . 
     As described above, the wearable apparatus  100  comprises an electrical pump assembly  130  for dispensing fluid. The electrical pump assembly  130  comprises a pump in fluid communication with the interior reservoir of the removable cartridge  150  via the fluid extraction passageway  133 . In some embodiments, the pump assembly  130  comprises a rotatable nozzle  135  having an outlet orifice through which the fluid within the interior reservoir can be expelled during operation of the pump assembly  130 . For example, the removable cartridge  150  has an interior reservoir suitable to contain a fluid (e.g., an antibacterial), a pump assembly  130  in fluid communication with the interior reservoir, and a rotatable nozzle  135  having an outlet orifice through which fluid from the reservoir can be expelled during operation of the pump. 
     In some embodiments, the electrical pump assembly  130  comprises a control unit  186  (e.g., a motor drive mechanism) for operating the pump assembly  130  and also moving the rotatable nozzle  135 . For example, the pump assembly  130  may comprise an electrical motor drive mechanism for operating the pump assembly  130  and also simultaneously moving the rotatable nozzle  135  to modify the direction of spray. The pump assembly  130  is connected to the rotatable nozzle  135  by the fluid transfer conduit  138 . In some embodiments, the fluid transfer conduit  138  includes a valve interrupting flow to the rotatable nozzle  135  when the pump assembly  130  is not operating. The rotatable nozzle  135  can connect to the pump assembly  130  via the fluid transfer conduit  138 . In some embodiments, the rotatable nozzle  135  includes a rotatable shaft to provide multiple different angles of spray. 
     In some embodiments, the electrical pump assembly  130  comprises a control system that can optionally delay the start of spraying for a defined period once the unit is activated (to provide time for user to adjust the device), provide automatic shut-off, provide audible or visual (for example flashing light) warnings when the fluid will be dispensed, or combinations thereof. The power usage of this system is quite low as it only needs to be operated for a short period during the dispensing process. In some embodiments, the electrical pump assembly  130  automatically meters out the proper volume of fluid for each spray cycle. 
     In some embodiments, when a user wishes to dispense fluid, the sensor  182  will detect a triggering action from the user. This processor  184  includes timing circuitry to begin a countdown delaying spraying for a predetermined time, for example, 1 second, 2 seconds, 4 seconds, 5 seconds, or 10 seconds. This affords the user time to position the wearable apparatus  100  for desired spray angle. In some embodiments, a switch can be depressed to dispense the fluid. Unless cancelled by the user, the spray cycle begins automatically at the expiration of the countdown. The control unit  186  is then energized which simultaneously rotates the drive gear of the pump assembly  130  and turns the gear train to rotate the drive shaft and the rotatable nozzle  135 . At the same time, the pump assembly  130  draws fluid from the removable cartridge  150  through the fluid transfer conduit  138  and opens valve so that fluid can be expelled through the rotatable nozzle  135  as the nozzle is rotated. In some embodiments, the rotatable nozzle  135  can provide a circular, oscillating spray pattern. This reduces the level of fluid in the cartridge  150 , creating a negative pressure in the cartridge, which opens the check valve in the vent tube to aspirate the removable cartridge  150  and allow more fluid to be drawn from the cartridge  150  during the spray cycle. 
       FIG.  7    shows a cross-sectional view of the pump assembly according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the wearable apparatus  100  comprises a pump assembly  130  at the annular housing  132 . The pump assembly  130  can be removable attached or integrally formed with the upper wall  112  of the frame  102 . In some embodiments, the pump assembly  130  at the annular housing  132  thereof is affixed to, or at regions thereof is integrally formed with, the upper wall  112  of the frame  102 . In some embodiments, the annular housing  132  comprises a double-walled structure, which are two concentrically arranged and aligned sidewalls. The pump assembly  130  also includes a piston  134  vertically slidable within and supported by the annular housing  132 . In some embodiments, the piston  134  includes a pair of spaced apart exterior portion  134 A and interior walled portion  134 B and a bottom walled portion  134 C attached to, and offset inwardly and extending downwardly from, the interior walled portion  134 B. The exterior walled portion  134 A of the piston  134  is slidably retained in an annular slot formed within and defined by the double-walled structure of the annular housing  132 . The interior walled portion  134 B of the piston seats on a top end of, and the bottom walled portion  134 C of the piston  134  extends downward through, a biasing spring  136  (e.g., centrally located biasing spring) supported in the annular slot (of the annular housing  132 . The interior walled portion  134 B and the bottom walled portion  134 C of the piston  134  define a centrally-located fluid extraction passageway  133  through the piston  134  and into fluid communication with a fluid transfer conduit  138  (or “dip tube”) of cartridge  150 , as described herein. 
     The piston  134  of the pump assembly  130  is translatable between a raised position and a depressed position. The piston  134  defines at an upper portion thereof, protruding beyond the annular housing  132 , a rotatable nozzle  135  from which a quantity of fluid, pumped upwardly from the cartridge  150 , through the fluid transfer conduit  138  and the fluid extraction passageway  133 , is dispensed during activation of the pump assembly  130 . An upper end of the biasing spring  136 , such as a compression spring, engages the interior walled portion  134 B of the piston  134  to bias the piston  134  in the raised position. In some embodiments, the fluid transfer conduit  138  is fixedly attached to the sidewall of the cartridge  150  via an attachment structure  139  such that the conduit  138  is fixedly retained in a generally vertically disposed orientation with a lower end extending into cartridge bulge  156  and an upper end fitted about a lower portion of the annular housing  132  defining a lower port  162  of the pump assembly  130 . The annular housing  132  of the pump assembly  130 , above the lower port  162  thereof, snugly fits through the extraction port  154 , i.e., the cartridge mouth or cartridge port, of the cartridge  150  such that the piston  134  communicates via the fluid extraction passageway  133  through the interior and bottom walled portions  134 B and  134 C thereof with the interior reservoir  152  of the cartridge  150 . A lower end of the biasing spring  136  is seated on an annular shoulder in the extraction port. In some embodiments, the fluid transfer conduit  138 , the annular housing  132 , and the piston  134  define a fluid pathway extending, centrally through the biasing spring  136 , between the interior reservoir of the removable cartridge  150  and the fluid extraction passageway  133  “pump chamber”) just shy of the rotatable nozzle  135 , wherein the pump chamber can be seen extending from the rotatable nozzle  135 , i.e., outlet valve, to the lower port  162 , i.e., inlet valve. 
     In some embodiments, the pump assembly  130  can be activated according to any of a plurality of actions. For example, when the wearable fluid-containing device is turned and moved in an upward motion, the sensor  182  transmit an electrical signal to the processor  184  to actuate the control unit  186  to depress the piston  134  of the pump assembly  130 . For example, the control unit  186  may be configured to actuate a drive mechanism  192  for operating the pump assembly  130  and also moving the rotatable nozzle  135 . In some embodiments, the control unit  186  may comprise an electrical motor drive mechanism  192  for actuating the piston of the pump assembly  130  and also simultaneously moving the rotatable nozzle  135  to modify the direction of spray. Then, the control unit  186  de-activates the pump assembly  130  by releasing the piston creating a vacuum, or negative pressure, that draws a volume of fluid up through conduit  138  into fluid extraction passageway  133 . 
     In some embodiments, the removable cartridge  150  can be removed and replaced from the frame  102  when the fluid is depleted. For example, when the quantity of fluid has been depleted from the interior reservoir of the removable cartridge  150 , the user unfastens the clasps on the frame  102  from engagement with the cartridge  150  to slide the cartridge  150  downward to disengage front the pump assembly  130  and the frame  102 . A new cartridge  150  may then be installed by positioning and sliding the extraction port  154  of the cartridge  150  over the lower port  162  of the annular housing  132  of the pump assembly  130  to tear through a cartridge-opening sealing membrane  157  to thereby initiate fluid communication between the interior reservoir  152  and the pump fluid extraction passageway  133 , is the conduit  138 . Additional quantities of antibacterial, or other composition, fluid can then be extracted by activation of the piston  134  of the pump assembly  130  as previously described. 
       FIG.  8    shows another embodiment of the wearable apparatus according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The wearable apparatus  100  includes a wristband  170 . The wristband  170  may include a first band portion  172  and a second band portion  174 . In some embodiments, the frame  102  is removably coupled to the first band portion  172  and the second band portion  174  the wristband. In some embodiments, the frame  105  is integrally attached to the wristband  170 . For example, the wristband  170  may a single unitary band that be integrally attached to the frame  105 . 
     In some embodiments, the wearable apparatus  100  or wearable apparatus also includes a wearable member formed by a female wristband segment and a male wristband segment. The female wristband segment is affixed to the frame  102  proximate the first lateral side wall. In some embodiments, the female wristband segment has a series of spaced apart apertures along a length thereof to aid in fastening the wearable apparatus to a user&#39;s wrist or forearm. In like manner, the male wristband segment is affixed to the frame proximate the second lateral side wall. The male wristband segment may include one or more pegs, or comparable projections, extending therefrom for releasable engagement with selected ones of the apertures of the female wristband to releasably secure the wearable apparatus to a user&#39;s wrist or forearm, in a manner well known in the art. 
     The wristband may include an LCD device  195  removably attached to the wristband. The LCD device  195  comprises a housing having a first connection means and a second connection means on opposing sides of the housing. The wristband comprises a first distal end and second distal end. The first distal end and the second distal end may comprise a magnetic fastening member. In some embodiments, the first distal end and the second distal end are configured to removable attach the wristband to the first connection means and the second connection means of the housing of the LCD device. In some embodiments, the LCD may be in electrical communication with the processor in the housing of the frame. The LCD can be a touch screen that receive inputs from a user. For example, a user can set a predetermined volume of the fluid to be dispensed, set a spray direction, among other user functions. 
     Illustrations 
     Illustration 1 is an apparatus comprising: a frame comprising an upper wall and a pair of lateral walls defining an receptacle; a cartridge removably attached to the frame within at least a portion of the receptacle of the frame, the cartridge comprising an interior reservoir and a fluid extraction port; a fluid transfer conduit disposed within the interior reservoir of the cartridge and having a lower end disposed proximal to an inner surface of a lower end of the cartridge and an upper end coupled to an inside surface of the cartridge and disposed proximal to the fluid extraction port of the cartridge, a housing located above the upper wall of the frame, the housing comprising an electric pump assembly in communication with the fluid transfer conduit of the cartridge; and a rotatable nozzle removably attached to the electric pump assembly. 
     Illustration 2 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, the housing further comprising: a sensor; a processor in communication with the sensor, the processor configured to process information from the sensor; and a control unit in communication with the processor and coupled to the electric pump assembly, the processor configured to send a signal to the control unit to actuate the electric pump assembly. 
     Illustration 3 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the sensor comprises a touch screen, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or combinations thereof. 
     Illustration 4 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, the control unit is configured to actuate a piston of the electric pump assembly to dispense a fluid from the cartridge based on the signal from the processor. 
     Illustration 5 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the rotatable nozzle is configured to rotate along a horizontal axis and a vertical axis. 
     Illustration 6 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein an emission angle of the rotatable nozzle can be adjusted along a 360° rotation path. 
     Illustration 7 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, further comprising a removable slot in the frame for receiving a radio-frequency identification device. 
     Illustration 8 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein each of the lateral walls of the frame comprise a fastening member for retaining the cartridge. 
     Illustration 9 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the cartridge comprises lateral side walls, each of the lateral side walls comprise a second fastening member that engages the fastening member of the frame. 
     Illustration 10 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the cartridge comprises a front face and a rear face, the front face comprising a convex shape and the rear face comprising a substantially flat shape. 
     Illustration 11 is a wearable apparatus comprising: a wristband comprising a first band portion and a second band portion; a frame removably coupled to the first band portion and the second band portion of the wristband, the frame comprising a bottom wall, an upper wall, and a pair of lateral walls defining an receptacle; a cartridge removably attached to the frame within at least a portion of the receptacle of the frame, the cartridge comprising an interior reservoir and a fluid extraction port; a fluid transfer conduit disposed within the interior reservoir of the cartridge and having a lower end disposed proximal to an inner surface of a lower end of the cartridge and an upper end coupled to an inside surface of the cartridge and disposed proximal to the fluid extraction port of the cartridge, a housing located above the upper wall of the frame, the housing comprising an electric pump assembly in communication with the fluid transfer conduit of the cartridge; and a rotatable nozzle removably attached to the electric pump assembly. 
     Illustration 12 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, the housing further comprises: a sensor coupled to the frame; a processor in communication with the sensor, the processor configured to process information from the sensor; and a control unit in communication with the processor and coupled to the electric pump assembly, the processor configured to send a signal to the control unit to actuate the electric pump assembly. 
     Illustration 13 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the sensor comprises a touch screen, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a magnetometer, or combinations thereof. 
     Illustration 14 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, the control unit is configured to actuate a piston of the electric pump assembly to dispense a fluid from the cartridge based on a signal from the sensor. 
     Illustration 15 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the wearable apparatus further comprises a removable slot in the frame for receiving a radio-frequency identification device. 
     Illustration 16 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, further comprising an LCD device removably attached to the wristband. 
     Illustration 17 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the LCD device comprises a housing having a first connection means and a second connection means on opposing sides of the housing. 
     Illustration 18 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the band comprises a first distal end and second distal end, wherein the first distal end and the second distal end comprise a magnetic fastening member. 
     Illustration 19 is the apparatus of any preceding or subsequent illustration, wherein the first distal end and the second distal end are configured to removable attach the wristband to the first connection means and the second connection means of the housing of the LCD device. 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required in order to practice the described embodiments. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the described embodiments to the precise forms disclosed. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings.