Patent Publication Number: US-10317607-B2

Title: Optical member having three-dimensional effect forming portion and multiple effect forming portion and lighting device using the same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application is a Continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/582,432 filed on Dec. 24, 2014, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to Korean Application No. 10-2013-0164889 filed on Dec. 27, 2013, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, whose entire disclosure is hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an optical member and a lighting device using the same capable of implementing an optical image having a desired shape via a pattern design. 
     2. Background 
     In general, a lighting device is a device used for lightening a dark place using various light sources. The lighting device is used to shine a beam at a specific object or space and to express an atmosphere of the specific object or space in a desired shape or color. 
     According to the technical development of an LED (Light Emitting Diode), lighting devices in various shapes using the LED have recently come into wide use. For example, one of the lighting devices according to a conventional art includes a diffusion plate for emitting light emitted from LED light sources to the outside. 
     Most of the LED lighting devices according to the conventional art are configured so that light is uniformly outputted on an entire light emitting surface. Also, in order to express the atmosphere of a specific object or space in a desired shape or color, a color filter or a filter having a light permeable hole in a desired shape has been used in some lighting devices according to the conventional art. 
     However, when the atmosphere of a specific object or space is expressed in a desired shape or color using the LED lighting devices according to the conventional art, the configuration of the devices becomes mechanically complicated, and as a result, it is problematic in that the degree of freedom in design is limited, and it is difficult to install or maintain and manage the devices. As such, in order to express the atmosphere in a desired shape or color or an optical image, a light device having a simple structure, which is easy to install or maintain and manage, has been required. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an optical member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the optical member of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a partially cross-sectional view of the optical member of  FIG. 1  and a partially enlarged view thereof. 
         FIG. 4  is a view for explaining the principles of refraction and reflection of the optical member of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a view for explaining the principle of generation in a line-shaped light beam of the optical member of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a view showing brightness for each area regarding a three-dimensional effect light beam of the optical member of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a plan view of an optical member according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8  is a partially enlarged view of main patterns which can be applied to the optical member according to the embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 9  is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the main patterns of  FIG. 8 ; 
         FIG. 10  is a partially enlarged view showing a further embodiment of the main patterns of  FIG. 8 ; 
         FIG. 11  is a plan view showing a part of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12  is a plan view showing a part of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13  is a view schematically showing an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 12 ; 
         FIG. 14  is a view regarding the operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 12 ; 
         FIG. 15  is a graph in which brightness of the lighting device of  FIG. 12  is measured; 
         FIG. 16  is a perspective view of a lighting device according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17  is a plan view of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIG. 18  is a cross-sectional view for explaining the principles of generating of a single line-shaped beam or three-dimensional effect beam; 
         FIG. 19  is a cross-sectional view for explaining the principles of generation of multiple line-shaped beams or three-dimensional effect beams in each area of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIG. 20  is a plan view regarding an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIG. 21  is a view regarding an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIG. 22  is a cross-sectional view of a lighting device of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 23  is a plan view of a lighting device of still another embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 24  is a partially cross-sectional view of an optical member according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present disclosure that an ordinary person skilled in the art can implement will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments in the specification and the constructions shown in the drawings are provided as a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modifications which could substitute at the time of filing. In addition, when it comes to the operation principle of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, when the known functions or functions are seemed to make unclear the subject matters of the present disclosure, they will be omitted from the descriptions of the disclosure. The terms below are defined in consideration of the functions of the present disclosure, and the meaning of each term should be interpreted by judging the whole parts of the present specification, and the elements having the similar functions and operations of the drawings are given the same reference numerals. 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an optical member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , an optical member  100  according to the present embodiment is configured to include: a base substrate  10 ; a three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; and a multiple effect forming portion  12 . 
     The base substrate base substrate  10  is provided in a transparent plate form or a film form and has both surfaces, namely, a first surface and a second surface. The first surface may be referred to as a first pattern arrangement surface, and the second surface may be referred to as a second pattern arrangement surface. 
     The three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is provided on the first surface of a lower side of the base substrate  10 , and the multiple effect forming portion  12  is provided on the second surface of an upper side of the base substrate  10 . 
     A transparent material, for example, a polymer which is easy to manufacture and handle, may be used as a material of the base substrate  10 . The polymer includes a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting polymer or a photocurable polymer. The polymer may be selected from polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate and the like. Also, a transparent material such as glass and the like may be used as the material of the base substrate  10 . As a transparent material, the base substrate  10  may have a light transmittance beyond a predetermined value or a haze of 2% or less. 
     The three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is configured to include the multiple main patterns  111  provided on the first surface of the base substrate  10 . The multiple main patterns  111  have multiple convex structures or multiple concave structures that are roughly parallel to the first surface and extend in roughly a first direction (y-direction), respectively. That is, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is configured to include multiple main patterns  111  that are roughly parallel to the first surface and are sequentially arranged in a second direction (x-direction) which crosses at right angles to the first direction. The multiple main patterns  111  have inclined surfaces (see reference numeral  113  of  FIG. 3 ) with each inclination angle with respect to the first surface or a surface or straight line vertical to the first surface. 
     The multiple effect forming portion  12  is provided in a lamination form with the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 . In the present embodiment, the multiple effect forming portion  12  is configured to include multiple optical patterns  121  provided on the second surface of the base substrate  10 . The multiple optical patterns  121  have multiple convex structures or multiple concave structures that are roughly parallel to the second surface and extend in roughly a second direction (x-direction), respectively. That is, the multiple effect forming portion  12  is configured to include the multiple optical patterns  121  that are roughly parallel to the second surface and are sequentially arranged in the first direction (y-direction) which crosses at right angles to the second direction. 
     According to a pattern design of the multiple main patterns  111 , when light is irradiated to the optical member  100 , the multiple main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  implements a line-shaped beam of a first path which crosses at right angles to pattern extension directions by guiding a first incident beam to a first surface direction toward which the first surface looks or a second surface direction toward which the second surface of the base substrate  10  opposite to the first surface looks using refraction and reflection generated from the inclined surfaces. 
     Also, according to a pattern design of the multiple optical patterns  121 , when light is irradiated to the optical member  100 , a single line-shaped beam or a single three-dimensional effect beam emitted from the multiple main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  may be converted into multiple line-shaped beam or multiple three-dimensional effect beam. 
     The principles of generation of the single line-shaped beam, the single three-dimensional effect beam, the multiple line-shaped beams and the multiple three-dimensional effect beams will be described in greater detail with reference to the drawings. 
       FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of the optical member of  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 3  is a partially cross-sectional view of the optical member of  FIG. 1  and a partially enlarged view thereof. For convenience of the description, the optical member of  FIG. 3  is illustrated in a state of the multiple effect forming portion being omitted. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , when light is irradiated from a predetermined light source of a left side of the ground to the optical member of the present embodiment, the multiple main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion, that have a larger refractive index n 2  than a refractive index n 1  of air and are provided on the first surface of the base substrate  10 , refract and reflect light from the inclined surfaces. 
     In the aforesaid case, the light passing through the multiple main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is guided into a specific optical path and is limited to a specific optical width by refraction and reflection generated from the inclined surfaces of the main patterns according to a pattern design of the main patterns. The specific optical path refers to a moving path of light guided in a direction which crosses at right angles to the extension direction of each of the main patterns. The optical path includes a first path in which the light moves along a sequential arrangement direction of the main patterns. The generation of this optical path is based on the Fermat&#39;s principle that a ray of light passing along the three-dimensional forming portion  21 , namely, a ray of light passing along a medium, travels along a movement path that can be traversed in the least time. Furthermore, the specific optical width may be limited in a desired shape through a pattern design of main patterns for controlling pattern conditions, such as a between adjacent two main patterns and the like. For example, the specific optical path and the specific optical width may be implemented to extend to the extent of a first length while having a fixed width according to a pattern design, may be implemented to extend to the extent of a second length shorter than the first length while having an optical width which reduces gradually, or may be implemented to be similar to the first length or to be shorter or longer than the first length while having an optical width which increases gradually. 
     Also, by refraction and reflection of the inclined surfaces, the multiple main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  may function as indirect light sources in which brightness reduces as a distance L 1 , L 2 , L 3  from the light source increases gradually as viewed from the outside of the base substrate  10 . That is, the indirect light sources generated from a specific portion of the multiple main patterns refer to dummy light sources LS 1 , LS 2 , LS 3  which are sequentially arranged along the optical path of the light source, and in which the intensity of light reduces as a distance from the light source increases gradually. Here, the specific portion corresponds to a portion where each of the inclined surfaces of the main patterns crosses at right angles to the light of the light source. 
     More specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the multiple patterns  111  serve as indirect light sources in which optical paths become longer in order as a distance from the light source LS increases gradually, thereby creating a three-dimensional effect beam in a thickness direction (z-direction) of the base substrate  10 . The thickness direction of the base substrate  10  may be a direction which crosses at right angle to a pattern extension direction (x-direction) and a first direction (y-direction). 
     In other words, when the multiple patterns  111  include first patterns, second patterns and third patterns in a first area A 1 , a second area A 2  and a third area A 3  sequentially arranged from the light source LS, a second optical path of the second patterns is longer than a first optical path of the first patterns and is shorter than the third optical path of the third patterns, a second distance L 2  from a second dummy light source LS 2  of the light source by inclined surfaces of the second patterns to the inclined surfaces of the second patterns is longer than a first distance L 1  from a first dummy light source LS 1  of the light source by inclined surfaces of the first patterns to the inclined surfaces of the first patterns, and is shorter than a third distance L 3  from a third dummy light source LS 3  of the light source by inclined surfaces of the third patterns to the inclined surfaces of the third patterns. According to such a configuration, the multiple pattern  111  implement three-dimensional effect beams showing a form in which optical paths increases as a distance from the light source increases gradually in a length direction of the line shape beam, and accordingly, as viewed from an arbitrary point (a standard point or an observing point) in a direction roughly vertical to the first surface or the pattern arrangement surface (see reference numeral  112  of  FIG. 9 ), the distance from the light sources increases as the optical path increases gradually. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2  again, the multiple main patterns of the multiple effect forming portion  12  are configured to include the multiple optical patterns disposed in a lamination form with the multiple main patterns. The multiple optical patterns may be provided in the same structure and the same form as those of the multiple main patterns except for the fact that extension directions of the multiple optical patterns cross the extension directions of the multiple main patterns or meet at right angles to the extension directions of the multiple main patterns. According to this configuration, the multiple optical patterns may convert a line-shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam of the first path, refracted and reflected from the multiple main patterns into a first line-shaped beam (or a first three-dimensional effect beam) and a second line-shaped beam (or a second three-dimensional effect beam) which cross the first path in different directions. 
     According to the optical member of the present embodiment, a single line-shaped beam or a single three-dimensional effect beam may be implemented by the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 , and the single line-shaped beam or the single three-dimensional effect beam may be converted into multiple line-shaped beams or multiple three-dimensional effect beams by the multiple effect forming portion  12 . 
     Meanwhile, according to the embodiment, the second main patterns may be patterns positioned right after first main patterns on the pattern arrangement surface  112  as viewed from the light source LS or may be patterns positioned with the first main patterns and other main patterns in a predetermined number therebetween. Similarly, third main patterns may be patterns positioned right after the second main patterns on the pattern arrangement surface as viewed from the light source LS or may be patterns positioned with the second main patterns and other main patterns in a predetermined number therebetween. 
     Also, the aforesaid three-dimensional effect beam may refer to an optical image having a sense of distance or a perceptional depth, which is configured such that a line-shape beam of a predetermined optical path (the first path) gradually enters the base substrate  10 , namely, from the first surface of the base substrate  10  toward the second surface of the base substrate  10 , as viewed from the first surface direction or the second surface direction. Furthermore, the three-dimensional effect beam may be one example of a line-shaped beam and may be another name for a specific optical image of the line-shaped beam. 
     Also, according to the present embodiment, the aforesaid multiple main patterns  111  and the multiple optical patterns are provided by removing a part of the first surface and a part of the second surface of the base substrate  10 , but the present disclosure is not limited to the configuration. That is, according to some embodiments, the multiple main patterns  111  may be provided by a separate pattern layer bonded to the first surface of the base substrate  10 . 
       FIG. 4  is a view for explaining the principles of refraction and reflection of the optical member of  FIG. 1 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the light, which meets with the inclined surfaces (see reference numeral  113  of  FIG. 9 ) of the respective main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  shown in  FIG. 3 , is refracted or is reflected according to an incidence angle thereof. That is, when the incidence angle is smaller than a critical angle θc, the light is refracted according to a difference in refractive index while penetrating the main patterns. When the incidence angle is greater than a critical angle θc, the light is reflected from the main patterns. 
     A relation between the refractive index and the critical angle may be represented by following Equations 1 and 2. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
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     Here, when n 1  is a refractive index of air, n 2  is a refractive index of a medium (base substrate), a critical angle is represented by the following Equation 3. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
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     When the principle of the reflection and refraction from the inclined surfaces is used, the inclined surface  113  of each of the multiple main patterns guides an incident beam in a first surface direction toward which the first surface of the base substrate  10  looks and/or in a second surface direction toward which the second surface  102  opposite to the first surface looks, by refracting and reflecting the incident beam according to each inclination angle θc. To do so, the inclined surface of each of the multiple patterns is provided to have a predetermined surface roughness in order implement optical images having desired shape through a pattern design. 
     That is, when using the multiple main patterns for guiding the beam in the first surface direction or the second surface direction by refracting and reflecting the incident beam via the inclined surface having the predetermined surface roughness, the optical path, the optical width, luminous intensity of the incident beam may be controlled, and accordingly, line shaped beams, three-dimensional effect beams or line shaped beams with a three-dimensional effect having desired shapes may be implemented. 
     In the present embodiment, the inclined surface (see reference numeral  113  of  FIG. 8 ) may be a mirror-like finishing surface. Also, the inclined surface may be a precision processing surface. In other words, with regard to the surface roughness of the inclined surface, even though there is a slight difference according to each processing method, a roughly center line average roughness or an arithmetic mean roughness Ra may be about 0.02 or less, and a maximum height roughness Rmax may be about 0.3. According to some embodiments, the surface roughness of the inclined surface  113  may be a ten point median height Rz of 0.8 or less. Here, the unit of roughness may be μm and a standard length may be 0.25 mm 
     The surface roughness of the inclined surface is intended to secure a reflectance of the inclined surface in a range beyond a predetermined value. When the surface roughness shows a larger surface roughness than the value described above, it is difficult to properly implement a line shaped beam due to the scattering of light or light beyond a fixed amount returning from the inclined surface to the light source. 
     According to the present embodiment, a refractive index and an critical angle may be changed according to a material of the base substrate, and thus a single line-shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam resulting from a single light source may be implemented by appropriately designing a structure (inclined surfaces and the like) or arrangement of the main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and controlling the efficiency of refraction and reflection from the multiple main patterns  111 , and the single line-shaped beam or the three-dimensional effect beam may be converted into multiple line-shaped beams or multiple three-dimensional effect beams via the optical patterns (reference numeral  121  of  FIG. 1 ) of the multiple effect forming portion  12 . 
       FIG. 5  is a view for explaining the principle of generation in a line-shaped light beam of the optical member of  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 5  may correspond to a partially enlarged view of the multiple main patterns when viewing the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the base substrate  10  on a plane. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , when the multiple main patterns are sequentially arranged from the light source LS in the y-direction, light (first incident beam) of the light source LS is implemented as a line-shaped beam B 1  that travels in a direction crossing at right angles to the pattern extension directions P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4  of the multiple main patterns. A distance Lp (which may correspond to a pitch) between two adjacent main patterns may be about 10 to 500 μm This distance Lp is based on a minimum distance and a maximum distance for forming a line shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam, and when the distance is beyond the range, it is difficult to implement a line-shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam. 
     Also, according to implementation of the line shaped beam through a pattern design, the multiple main patterns guides the second incident beam in a direction expect for the first path by refraction and reflection from the inclined surfaces. Here, among beams from the light source LS toward the inclined surfaces, the second incident beam may be a beam (hereinafter referred to as ‘an ambient beam’) that meets with the inclined surfaces having an incidence angle corresponding to a direction (for example, a direction toward a first quadrant and a fourth quadrant of both sides of the line-shape beam in the first path that travels to an +y axis on an xy plan based on the light source) roughly between a +y direction and a +x direction, and a +y direction and a −x direction on a plan defined by the pattern extension directions and the first path, and is refracted or is regularly reflected by the inclined surfaces. In this case, since the second incident beam is dispersed in a relatively wide range by the inclined surfaces, as viewed from an arbitrary point (a standard point, an observing point and the like) on a straight line crossing the xy plan (corresponding to the first surface or the second surface of the base substrate), the second incident beam becomes ambient beams B 2 , B 3  in which brightness of the periphery of a bright part is relatively low compared to that of a line shaped beam part (hereinafter referred to as “the bright part) resulting from the first incident beam. 
     According to the present embodiment, each of the pattern extension directions P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4  of the main patterns may be a direction in which a specific straight line of each inclined surface of the multiple main patterns extends or a direction in which a specific tangent line in contact with a curved line of each inclined surface extends. The respective pattern extension directions P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4  may be parallel to the first surface of the base substrate. 
     That is, when the respective pattern extension directions P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4  of the multiple main patterns are designed to be parallel to each other upon designing the pattern extension directions, the optical path (the first path) of light passing through the multiple main patterns has a straight line form in which the light starts from a main pattern which first meets with incident beam of the light source, and travels in a direction which crosses at right angles to each pattern extension direction. 
     Also, according to some embodiments, when the respective pattern extension directions P 1 , P 2 , P 3  P 4  of the multiple main patterns are designed to cross each other from at least one point or to extend in a radial direction (see  FIG. 7 ), the optical path (the first path) of light passing along the multiple main patterns may be implemented in a curved line form in which the light start from a main pattern of a point which first meets with the light of the light source and is bent to a side in which a distance between the adjacent main patterns reduces gradually. 
       FIG. 6  is a view showing brightness for each area regarding a three-dimensional effect light beam of the optical member of  FIG. 1 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , with regard to the multiple main patterns of the optical member according to the present embodiment, by dividing the multiple main patterns sequentially arranged from the light source into the main patterns of three areas (see A 1 , A 2 , and A 3  of  FIG. 3 ), when brightness resulting from reflection and refraction of the main patterns of the respective areas has been reviewed, each of the multiple main patterns have brightness in ranges different from each other according to each distance from the light source. 
     In other words, when the multiple main patterns are divided into the first main patterns of the first area A 1 , the second main patterns of the second area A 2 , and the third main patterns of the third area A 3  (see  FIG. 3 ), a second brightness of the second main patterns is lower than a first brightness of the first main patterns, and is higher than a third brightness of the third main patterns. Here, a second distance L 2  between the light source and the main pattern farthest away from the light source among the second main patterns is longer than a first distance L 1  between the light source and the main pattern farthest away from the light source among the first main patterns and is shorter than a third distance L 3  between the light source and the main pattern farthest away from the light source among the third main patterns. 
     More specifically, when a maximum brightness of the closest main pattern to the light source is level  10  Lu 10 , the specific first main pattern positioned at the first distance L 1  from the light source may have a brightness of about level  8  Lu 8 , level  7  Lu 7 , level  6  Lu 6 , level  5  Lu 5  or level  4  Lu 4  according to different pattern designs of the first to fifth embodiment. The specific second main pattern positioned at the second distance L 2  from the light source may have a brightness of about level  6  Lu 6 , level  4  Lu 4 , level  2  Lu 2 , or level  1  Lu 1  according to pattern designs. Furthermore, the specific third main pattern positioned at the third distance L 3  from the light source may have a brightness of about level  2  Lu 2 , level  1  Lu 1 , or level  0  (no brightness). 
     That is, with regard to the multiple main patterns of the optical member  100  previously described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the respective multiple main patterns emit beams having predetermined brightness by refracting and reflecting the beams of the light sources, and this is because the multiple main patterns serve as indirect light sources having different kinds of brightness which are sequentially reduced according to a pattern design or an arrangement structure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6  again, for example, as shown in a brightness curve G 1  of a first embodiment, according to a predetermined pattern design of the first embodiment, the first patterns, the second patterns and the third patterns serve as indirect light sources having brightness values of about level  7 , level  4  and level  1 , respectively. According to this configuration, as a distance from the light source increases gradually, the multiple main patterns may implement three-dimensional effect beams having brightness values which are substantially regularly reduced. In order to implement the three-dimensional effect beams, the multiple main patterns may be designed in a fixed pitch. 
     Also, according to a pattern design of the main patterns of a second embodiment, as shown in brightness curve G 2  of the second embodiment, the first patterns, the second patterns and the third patterns serve as indirect light sources having brightness values of about level  6 , level  3  and level  0 , respectively. According to this configuration, the multiple main patterns may implement three-dimensional effect beams having brightness values which are regularly rapidly reduced as a distance from the light source increases gradually. In order to implement the three-dimensional effect beams, the multiple main patterns may be designed such that as a distance from the light source increases gradually, a pitch reduces or a pattern density per a unit length increases at a fixed rate. 
     Also, according to a pattern design of a third embodiment, as shown in a brightness curve G 3  of the third embodiment, the first patterns, the second patterns and the third patterns serve as indirect light sources having respective brightness values of about level  5 , level  2 , and level  1 . According to such a configuration, the multiple patterns may implement three-dimensional effect beams in which a brightness reduction rate between the first area A 1  and the second area A 2  is larger than a brightness reduction rate between the second area A 2  and the third area A 3  as a distance from the light source increases gradually. In order to implement the three-dimensional effect beams, the multiple patterns may be designed in a fixed pitch which is narrower than the pitch of the first embodiment, or may be provided such that a pitch is gradually increased according to an increase in distance from the light source. 
     Also, according to a pattern design of a fourth embodiment, as shown in a brightness curve G 4  of the fourth embodiment, the first patterns, the second patterns and the third patterns serve as indirect light sources having respective brightness values of about level  4 , level  1 , and level  0 . According to such a configuration, the multiple main patterns may implement three-dimensional effect beams in which brightness is further rapidly reduced relatively compared to the case of the third embodiment. In order to implement the three-dimensional effect beams, the multiple main patterns may be designed in a fixed pitch narrower than the pitch of the third embodiment, or may be provided such that a pitch is gradually reduced according to an increase in distance from the light source. 
     Also, according to a pattern design or an arrangement structure of a fifth embodiment, as shown in a brightness curve G 3  of the fifth embodiment, the first patterns, the second patterns and the third patterns serve as indirect light sources having respective brightness values of about level  8 , level  6 , and level  2 . According to such a configuration, the multiple patterns may implement three-dimensional effect beams in which a brightness reduction rate between the first area A 1  and the second area A 2  is smaller than a brightness reduction rate between the second area A 2  and the third area A 3  as a distance from the light source increases gradually. In order to implement the three-dimensional effect beams, the multiple main patterns may be designed in a fixed pitch which is wider than the pitch of the first embodiment, or may be provided such that a pitch is gradually reduced according to an increase in distance from the light source. 
     In the aforesaid first to five embodiments, it is assumed that the respective embodiments are identical to each other with respect to the pattern structures and reflection abilities of the inclined surfaces of the respective main patterns for the respective embodiments. When there is a difference in the pattern structures and the reflection abilities among the patterns, by adjusting a pattern design in consideration of this fact, three-dimensional effect beams having brightness which is naturally reduced may be obtained by the indirect light source effects of the multiple main patterns sequentially arranged. 
     According to the present embodiment, thanks to the effect of the reduction in brightness and the effect of the indirect light sources of the main patterns resulting from a difference in a distance from the light source, namely, a difference in optical paths, a line shaped beam, a three-dimensional effect beam or a line-shaped beam with a three-dimensional effect can be implemented. 
       FIG. 7  is a plan view of an optical member according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the optical member according to the present embodiment is configured to include the multiple main patterns provided in a structure in which pattern arrangement directions cross each other from the pattern arrangement surface of the base substrate  10 . The multiple main patterns include a first main pattern C 1 , a second main pattern C 2 , a third main pattern C 3 , an n-second main pattern Cn- 2 , an n-first main pattern, and an nth main pattern Cn in order of the location nearest to the light source. Here, n is a natural number of 6 or more. 
     In the present embodiment, the multiple main patterns are arranged to extend in directions which are not parallel to each other. That is, with regard to the respective pattern extension directions of the multiple main patterns, virtual extension lines thereof may meet at one point of intersection C. 
     According to the present embodiment, when light of the light source passes through the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 , the multiple main patterns may implement a line-shaped beam BL 1  of the first path (optical path) which is bent with a curvature to a side in which the pattern extension directions cross each other, namely, a side in the which an intersecting point C is present. This is because the light travels along a direction meeting at right angles to each of the pattern extension direction of the multiple main patterns according to the Fermat&#39;s principle that ‘a ray of light traveling in a medium travels along a movement path that can be traversed in the least time.’ 
     Also, according to the present embodiment, when an observing point or a fixed standard point of an observer (a person, a camera or the like) who observes the line shaped beam BL 1  of the first path is moved from a first point Pa to a second point Pb, the multiple main patterns expresses a line shaped beam BL 2  traveling along another optical path instead of the line shaped beam BL 1  traveling along the first path. This is because the position of the first path meeting at right angles to the pattern extension directions of the multiple main patterns is moved to a direction opposite to the movement direction of the standard point according to a change of the standard point. As such, the multiple main patterns may implement the line-shaped beam having various optical images expressed by moving along the pattern extension directions of the multiple main patterns according to a standard point or an observing point. 
     Also, according to the present embodiment, the line-shaped beam BL 1  or BL  2  of a single optical path may be implemented as a first line-shaped beam and a second line-shaped beam of two different optical paths by the multiple effect forming portion disposed in a lamination structure with the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 , even though this is not illustrated in the drawings for convenience of the description. 
       FIG. 8  is a partially enlarged view of main patterns which can be applied to the optical member according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8 , the main pattern  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion according to the present embodiment may be provided so as to have a pattern structure of a triangular section form. When the main pattern  111  has the triangular section structure, the inclined surface  113  has a predetermined inclination angle in the y-direction of the pattern arrangement surface (see reference numeral  112  of  FIG. 9 ). In other words, the inclined surface  113  may be provided to be bent at a predetermined inclination angle θ with respect to a direction (z-direction) which crosses at right angles to the pattern arrangement surface. 
     The inclination angle θ is larger than about 5° and smaller than about 85°. The inclination angle θ may be further limited in consideration of a refractive index of the base member, but the inclination angle may be basically appropriately designed in the range of about 5° to 85° in terms of an inclination angle which enables reflection and refraction from the inclined surface. 
     In one embodiment, when a refractive index of the base substrate is about 1.30 to 1.80, an inclination angle of the inclined surface  113  of each main pattern  111  may be larger than 33.7° and smaller than 50.3°, or may be larger than 49.7° and smaller than 56.3° according to each standard direction. 
     Also, in another embodiment, the base substrate or the multiple main patterns may be made of a material having a high refractive index. For example, in the case of manufacturing high intensity LEDs, when a ray of light having a specific incidence angle penetrates a capsule material by passing along a semiconductor die, total internal reflection is performed due to a difference in an n value (a refractive index) between the semiconductor die (n=2.50˜3.50) and a general polymeric capsule element (n=1.40˜1.60), and accordingly, light extraction efficiency of the device is reduced. Thus, in order to properly solve this problem, a high refractive index polymer (n=1.80˜2.50) is used. In the present embodiment, the multiple main patterns may be provided by utilizing the high refractive index polymer (n=1.80˜2.50) used in manufacturing high intensity LEDs. In this case, the inclination angle of the inclined surface  113  of each main pattern  111  may be larger than 23.6° and smaller than about 56.3° according to each refractive index of the multiple main patterns. 
     Also, according to some embodiments, in order to adjust a refractive index, the multiple main patterns may be coated with at least one layer having a high refractive index. 
     The inclination angle resulting from the refractive index is based on the Snell&#39;s law, and the Snell&#39;s law is represented by the following Equation 4 with reference to  FIG. 3 . 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       sin 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       
                         θ 
                         1 
                       
                     
                     
                       sin 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       
                         θ 
                         2 
                       
                     
                   
                   = 
                   
                     
                       n 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       2 
                     
                     
                       n 
                       ⁢ 
                       
                           
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       1 
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   Equation 
                   ⁢ 
                   
                       
                   
                   ⁢ 
                   4 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     In Equation 4, sin θ 1  is a traveling angle or an incidence angle of light shown in a first refractive index n 1 , and sin θ 2  is an incidence angle or a traveling angle of light shown in a second refractive index n 2 . 
     As previously described, the inclined surface of each of the multiple main patterns in the present embodiment may be provided to have an inclination angle ranging from about 5° to about 85° as an inclination angle which enables an incident beam to be reflected or refracted appropriately. 
     Also, in the present embodiment, each main pattern  111 , in addition to the inclination angle of the inclined surface, a pitch or a rate of a width w to a height h of a bottom surface may be limited to a fixed rate for convenience of a manufacturing process. 
     For example, when the optical member is implemented so as to emphasize a cubic effect of the three-dimensional effect beam, the width w may be provided to be equal to or smaller than the height h. Also, when the optical member is implemented so as to obtain a relatively long image of the three-dimensional effect beam, the width w may be provided to be larger than the height h. 
     Also, for example, when each main pattern  111  has a lenticular form, a rate (h/w) of a width to a height of the main pattern  111  of the present embodiment may be about ½ or less, or an inclination angle θ of the inclined surface thereof may be about 60° or less. 
     As such, in the present embodiment, by using the width w and the height h of each pattern  111  as factors for property adjustment, optical images of the line shaped beam, the three-dimensional effect beam or the like intended to be expressed by the lighting device may be efficiently controlled. 
     In the present embodiment, among the aforesaid multiple patterns, a width w (which may correspond to a pitch) between two adjacent patterns may be 10 to 500 μm This width (or distance) may refer to an average distance among the multiple main patterns of the first path, and may be selected and adjusted according to a pattern design, an arrangement structure or a desired optical image form. 
     Also, according to some embodiments, the multiple main patterns may be configured to be concavely inserted into the first surface of the base member or the inside of the base member in the pattern arrangement surface. In this case, each inclined surface of the patterns as the case described above has an inclination angle with respect to the pattern arrangement surface or the z-direction, and when a rate (h/w) of a width to a height of each of the patterns is designed to be about 1 or less, it may be easy to produce the patterns compared to the case in which a rate (h/w) of the width to the height of each of the patterns is 1 or more. 
       FIG. 9  is a partially enlarged view showing another embodiment of the main patterns of  FIG. 8 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 9 , when designing the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 , each of the multiple main patterns  111  may be provided to have a pattern structure of a semicircular or semielliptical section form. Each main pattern  111  has an inclined surface which is inclined at a predetermined angle in a thickness direction (z-direction) of the base substrate or a direction (y-direction) in which the first surface or the pattern arrangement surface  112  extends. Each main pattern  111  may have a symmetrical form based on a central line (not drawn) in a z-direction. 
     The inclined surface of the main pattern  111  may have a structure in which an inclination angle is changed according to a position on the inclined surface by a semicircular structure of the main patterns. That is, since the inclined surface of each of the main patterns  111  is a surface in contact with an arbitrary point on a circular arc, a tangent line in contact with an arbitrary point on each of the main patterns  111  or a surface in contact with the arbitrary point may be placed at a fixed inclination angle θ in the direction (the z-direction) meeting at right angles to the pattern arrangement surface  112 . The inclination angle θ may be larger than 0° and smaller than 90° according to each position of a circular cross section which the beam BL hits. 
     Also, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the present embodiment may be configured to further include a separation portion  102  provided between two adjacent main patterns. That is, when the multiple main patterns include a first main pattern Cm−1, a second main pattern Cm, and a third main pattern Cm+1 (wherein m is a natural number of 2 or more), the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  may include each separation portion  102  between the first main pattern Cm−1 and the second main pattern Cm and between the second main pattern Cm and the third main pattern Cm+1. 
     The separation portion may be a part of the pattern arrangement surface positioned between two adjacent main patterns as a part of the pattern arrangement surface  112  of the base substrate in which concave main patterns are not formed. Also, the separation portion  102  may be provided for convenience of a manufacturing process as a gap between two adjacent main patterns. The separation portion  102  may be omitted according to the manufacturing process or a pattern design for specific implementation. 
     A width w 1  of the separation portion  102  is smaller than a width w of the main pattern  111 . The width w 1  of the separation portion  102  may be about ⅕ or less or several μm of the width w of the main pattern  111 . 
       FIG. 10  is a partially enlarged view showing a further embodiment of the main patterns of  FIG. 8 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , when designing the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the optical member of the present embodiment, the multiple main patterns  111  may be provided so as to have a pattern structure of a polygonal cross section form. The inclined surface  113  of each of the main patterns  111  may have a broken line graph form. 
     In the present embodiment, the inclined surface  113  of each main pattern  111  may be provided to have multiple inclination angles θ 1 , θ 2  according to the number of segments of the curved line graph in the direction (z-direction) which crosses at right angles to the pattern arrangement surface  112 . The second inclination angle θ 2  may be larger than the first inclination angle θ 1 . The first and second inclination angles θ 1 , θ 2  may be designed within the range which is larger than about 5° and smaller than about 85° according to a position where the beam BL hits. 
     Also, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the present embodiment may be configured to further include the separation portion  102  provided between two adjacent main patterns. That is, when the multiple patterns include the first pattern Cm−1, the second pattern Cm and the third pattern Cm+1, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  may have the respective separation portion  102  between the first pattern Cm−1 and the second pattern Cm and between the second pattern Cm and the third pattern Cm+1. 
     A width w 1  of the separation portion  102  is smaller than a width w of the main pattern in order to implement natural line shaped beams or three-dimensional effect beams via the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 . The width w 1  of the separation portion  102  is may be about ⅕ or less or several μm or less of the width w of the main pattern. When a line shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam having a desired shape (a shape without an interruption or the like) is implemented through a design of the multiple main patterns, the width w 1  of the separation portion  102  may be designed to be narrow maximally or may be designed so that the separation portion  102  can be omitted. When the separation portion  102  is provided, the pattern separation portion  102  is designed to have the width w 1  of several μm or less. 
     Also, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the present embodiment may have an interrupted surface  115  parallel to the first surface or the pattern arrangement surface  113  of the respective main patterns. The interrupted surface  115  is a part which does not function to enable light to be substantially emitted to the outside through the reflection or refraction of incident beam. Thus, since a line-shaped beam implemented by the multiple main patterns may have an interrupted part corresponding to the interrupted surface  115 , a width w 2  of the interrupted surface  115  may be appropriately designed in a range of below several μm in order to implement a line-shaped beam having a desired shape. 
       FIG. 11  is a plan view showing a part of a lighting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For convenience of the description, the lighting device of  FIG. 11  has a structure in which the multiple effect forming portion is omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , a lighting device  200  according to the present embodiment is configured to include an optical member  100  and a light source portion  230 . The lighting device  200  has a predetermined length LH and width WH on the plane. The length LH and the width WH may be provided to be similar or identical to a length and a diameter of a 20 W fluorescent lamp or a 40 W fluorescent lamp. 
     The optical member  100  may be any one of the optical members according to the embodiments previously described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 10 . That is, the optical member  100  includes the base substrate and the three-dimensional effect forming portion provided on the first surface of the base substrate. The three-dimensional effect forming portion includes multiple main patterns that extend in the x-direction on the first and are sequentially arranged in the y-direction. Thanks to this configuration, the optical member  100  may display the incident beam from each of two light source portions  30  as line-shaped beams GL 1 , GL 2 . 
     In the present embodiment, two line-shaped beams GL 1 , GL 2  are displayed in areas different from each other of the single three-dimensional effect forming portion, and are displayed as three-dimensional effect beams that extend in directions facing each other toward the center portion at both ends of the length direction of the single three-dimensional effect forming portion and disappear at the center portion. 
     Of course, when the optical member  100  is configured to include the multiple effect forming portion provided on the second surface of the base substrate, the optical member  100  may be operated such that the line-shaped beams GL 1 , GL 2  are expressed in a state of being divided into two line-shaped beams in a width direction of the optical member. 
     The light source portion  230  may be disposed to be attached to one surface of the support member  210  in a plate form or to be separated from the one surface of the support member  210  by a predetermined distance. The light source portion  230  may be configured to include a first light source and a second light disposed at both ends in a length direction of the support member  210 , respectively, so as to irradiate a beam having a light effective area of a hemispherical area toward a center portion of the support member  20 . 
     The first light source and the second light source are disposed to irradiate light in the directions facing each other. The first light source and the second light source may be disposed to irradiate light toward different directions while having an angle exceeding 90° but not exceeding 180° therebetween (see reference numeral  230  of  FIG. 17 ). 
     In the present embodiment, the light source portion  230  may be provided with any one of various existing light sources such as an incandescent lamp, a halogen lamp, a discharge lamp and the like or may be provided as indirect light sources such as a guide member and the like for guiding or reflecting natural light resulting from the sun. Also, according to some embodiments, the light source portion  230  may be provided to include LED (Light Emitting Diode) elements. In this case, the light source portion  230  may include a printed circuit board in which an LED light source and a drive circuit supplying power to the light source are installed. 
     The support member  210  may be at least a part of a housing of the lighting device  200 , a wall inside and outside a building or one surface of a product or equipment. The support member  210  may be implemented using devices or products without being specially limited thereto if the devices or products enable an optical member  100  to be disposed at a place where light of the light source portion  230  is irradiated. For example, the support member  210  may be implemented using a cap, clothing shoes, a bag, an accessory, indoor or outdoor interior components and the like. 
     According to the present embodiment, the light irradiated from two light sources to a central part of the support member  210  may be implemented as lighting of a line shaped beam in which the light starts from both ends of the support member  210  by the refraction and reflection operation of the multiple main patterns and disappears at the central part of the support member  210 . Also, some embodiments, when the multiple effect forming portion disposed to overlap with the three-dimensional effect forming portion is used, a single line shaped beam with a three-dimensional effect may be converted in and displayed as multiple line shaped beams with a three dimensional effect. 
       FIG. 12  is a plan view showing a part of a lighting device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 13  is a view schematically showing an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 12 . 
     For convenience of the description, the lighting device of  FIG. 12  may correspond to a structure in which the multiple effect forming portion is removed from the lighting device of  FIG. 17 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , the lighting device according to the present embodiment is configured to include: a base substrate  10 ; a three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; and a light source portion  230 . An optical member is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; and the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 . 
     The optical member of the present embodiment may be substantially identical to the optical member previously described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3  except for the fact that the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  has multiple main patterns of multiple groups that are sequentially arranged in different directions in multiple areas R 1  to R 12  different from each other of the base substrate  10 . 
     That is, the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is configured to include 12 sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions arranged in areas R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11  and R 12  different from each other of the base substrate  10 , respectively. Each of the multiple sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions may have a first sub-main pattern to an nth sub-main pattern. Here, n is a natural number of 2 or more. 
     The multiple sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions may be configured to include a first sub-three-dimensional effect forming portion and a second sub-three-dimensional effect forming portion. For example, the multiple sub-main patterns of the first sub-three-dimensional effect forming portion and the multiple main patterns of the second sub-three-dimensional effect forming portion are arranged in different directions. In this case, each of the sub-main patterns of the multiple sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions may be provided to sequentially extend to the different areas in such a manner that respective pattern lines of the sub-main patterns from the first sub-three-dimensional forming portion of one side to the twelfth sub-three-dimensional forming portion of another side are connected to each other at a boundary part of two adjacent sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions. At this time, the respective sub-main patterns may have a bent portion at the aforesaid boundary part. 
     The light source portion  230  is configured to include 12 light sources  230   a  to  2301  irradiating a beam to the areas R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11  different from each other of the base substrate  10 . The respective light sources may be LED light sources. In the present embodiment, the LED light source may be an LED package including two LED elements and may be provided so that two beams can be emitted by the respective LED elements. The beams from the respective light sources are controlled as line-shaped beams by the main patterns  111  (corresponding to the sub-main patterns) of the respective areas. Here, an optical width of the line-shaped beam may be below a width of a light emitting surface of the corresponding light source irradiating the beams to the main patterns, and a length of the line-shaped beam may be larger than the optical width. 
     When the sub-main patterns of the multiple groups described above are used, line shaped beams D 1  and the like extending in the same direction or line shaped beams D 1  and the like extending from the same direction to directions crossing each other may be implemented by controlling the incident beams from the light sources irradiating beams in roughly a hemispherical shape based on the light sources in each areas. Also, according to some embodiments, line shaped beams D 1 , D 2  extending in opposite directions or line shaped beams extending a direction having an angle of more than 90° and less than 180° from the opposite directions, namely directions crossing each other, may be implemented. 
     According to the present embodiment, by using the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  provided on the base substrate  10  having a length L of the width direction of about 250 mm, the light of a white LED lamp of about 10 W may be implemented as a three-dimensional effect beam or a line shaped beam with a three-dimensional effect in which the intensity of light of the light source becomes largely weak or disappears at roughly the central part A 0  in the width direction of the base substrate  10 . 
       FIG. 14  is a view regarding the operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 12 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 14 , when the lighting device according to the present embodiment is operated, light of each of the light sources is irradiated from the edges of both sides in a width direction of the base substrate  10  toward a central part (see A 0  of  FIG. 13 ), and is displayed as a three-dimensional effect beam traveling to the first path (D 2  and the like) in a predetermined optical width through the main patterns of each area of the base substrate  10 . 
     In each area of the base substrate  10  in which the three-dimensional effect forming portion is provided, the three-dimensional effect beams may be implemented to have a specific first path (D 2  and the like) and an optical width according to each pattern design of the main patterns. 
     According to the present embodiment, the beam passing along the base substrate  10  may be expressed by the sequentially arranged patterns on the base substrate  10  as a three-dimensional effect beam in which the intensity of light reduces rapidly and disappears at a very relatively short distance (for example, about 100 to 200 mm). Here, the very short distance corresponds to a short distance beyond ‘1/(hundreds to thousands of’ times compared to a distance (for example, several meters to tens of meters) in which light passing along a transparent substrate is naturally reduced and disappears when the light is irradiated to the transparent substrate (corresponding to the base substrate) of a comparative example in which main patterns are not provided. 
     Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, it is illustrated that each of the light sources of the lighting device irradiates two beams by using the LED package having two LED elements as the light sources, but the present disclosure is not limited to such a configuration. Each of the light sources may irradiate one beam by using the LED package having one LED element as the light sources. 
       FIG. 15  is a graph in which brightness of the lighting device of  FIG. 12  is measured. The graph of the present embodiment shows the brightness measured by disposing a brightness measuring device in a front center portion of the lighting device of  FIG. 12 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 15 , when the intensity of light of the light source is maximally Lu 12 , it can be seen that a first brightness (about Lu 5 ) shown in an intermediate area A 0  of the front of the light emitting surface of the lighting device is relatively largely small compared to a second brightness (about Lu 7  to about Lu 12 ) shown in the other areas of the front of the light emitting surface. In particular, when considering the fact that the first brightness of the intermediate area A 0  is influenced by the second brightness of the other areas of the periphery, it can be predicted that the intensity of light of the light emitting surface corresponding to the intermediate area A 0  in the lighting device is really close to 0. 
     The reason why the measurement results of the graph are shown is because the beams passing along the base substrate are sequentially refracted and reflected from the main patterns of the three-dimensional effect forming portion in a the first direction. When this principle is used, optical images (line shaped beams, the three-dimensional effect beam and the like) having desired shapes may be implemented through a pattern design. 
       FIG. 16  is a perspective view of a lighting device according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 17  is a plan view of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 16   17 , a lighting device  300  according to the present embodiment is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; the multiple effect forming portion  12 ; and the light source portion  230 . 
     The lighting device  300  of the present embodiment may be substantially identical to the lighting device of  FIG. 12  except for the fact that the multiple effect forming portion  12  is disposed on one surface (the second surface) of the base substrate  10 . Accordingly, when explaining the constitutive elements of the lighting device  300  of the present embodiment, the detailed description on the constitutive elements similar or identical to those of the lighting device of  FIG. 12  is omitted in order to avoid overlapping. 
     The multiple effect forming portion  12  is configured to include optical patterns (see reference numeral  121  of  FIG. 1 ). In the present embodiment, the multiple effect forming portion  12  includes sub-optical patterns of multiple groups arranged in a lamination structure with respective sub-main patterns of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  disposed in areas R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 , R 11  and R 12  different from each other. The multiple effect forming portion  12  may include 12 sub-multiple effect forming portions disposed in the areas different from each other of the base substrate  10 , respectively. Each of the sub-multiple effect forming portion may have the first optical pattern to an nth optical pattern. Here, n is a natural number of 2 or more. 
     The multiple sub-multiple effect forming portions may be configured to include a first sub-multiple effect forming portion and a second sub-multiple effect forming portion. In this case, the multiple optical patterns of the first sub-multiple effect forming portion and the multiple optical patterns of the second sub-multiple effect forming portion may be arranged in different directions. Also, when viewed on a predetermined plane by projecting the optical patterns, an arrangement direction of the optical patterns of the respective sub-multiple effect forming portions may be provided to extend in a direction that crosses an arrangement direction of the main patterns of the respective three-dimensional effect forming portions corresponding thereto or meets at right angles to the arrangement direction of the main patterns. 
     According to the present embodiment, by converting a single three-dimensional effect beam (or a single line-shaped beam) having perceptional depth in a thickness direction of the base substrate  10  and reflected from the uneven patterns of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  using the lamination structure of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and the multiple effect forming portion  12  provided on both surfaces, respectively, having a predetermined width, direction and length L, a first three-dimensional effect beam traveling to the right of the single three-dimensional effect beam and a second three-dimensional effect beam traveling to the left of the single three-dimensional effect beam may be expressed. 
       FIG. 18  is a cross-sectional view for explaining the principles of generating of a single line-shaped beam or three-dimensional effect beam.  FIG. 18  may correspond to a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a cross section of the lighting device of  FIG. 16  taken along line XVIII-XVIII. 
     Referring to  FIG. 18 , the lighting device  300  according to the present embodiment is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  provided on the first surface of the base substrate  10 ; and the multiple effect forming portion ( 12 ) provided on the second surface of the base substrate  10 . The three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  includes multiple main patterns (see reference numeral  111  of  FIG. 1 ), and the multiple effect forming portion  12  includes multiple optical patterns (see reference numeral  121  of  FIG. 1 ). 
     The three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  of the present embodiment is provided by bonding a separate uneven pattern substrate  110  to the first surface of the base substrate  10 , but is not limited thereto. Like the optical member  100  of  FIG. 1 , the three-dimensional effect forming portion may be provided in a form in which a part of the first surface of the base substrate  10  is removed. Also, the multiple effect forming portion  12  is provided by bonding a separate optical pattern substrate  120  to the second surface of the base substrate  10 , but is not limited thereto. Like the optical member  100  of  FIG. 1 , the multiple effect forming portion may be provided in a form in which a part of the second surface of the base substrate  10  is removed. 
     According to the lighting device  300  of the present embodiment, when the three-dimensional effect forming portion ( 11 )(corresponding to the sub-three-dimensional effect forming portion) of each area (see R 1  to R 12  of  FIG. 17 ) of the base substrate  10  is divided into a first area A 1 , a second area A 2  and a third area A 3  according to a distance from the light source (see LS of  FIG. 3 ) placed at a predetermined position resulting from going back to the direction in which the light BL is irradiated, the light induced into an arrangement direction of the main patterns  111  while passing along the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  is refracted and reflected in a thickness direction of the base substrate  10  by the main patterns. 
     In this case, since the main patterns of the first area A 1  are positioned at the nearest distance from the light sources, the main patterns have refraction and reflection efficiency of the highest level, and serve as indirect light sources of a first luminous intensity; since the main patterns of the second area A 2  are positioned after the main patterns of the first area A 1  in a traveling direction of the light BL, the main patterns have refraction and reflection efficiency of a middle level smaller than the level of the main patterns of the first area A 1  and serve as indirect light sources of a second luminous intensity smaller than that of the first luminous intensity; and since the main patterns of the third area A 3  reflect and refract the light passing along the main patterns of the first area A 1  and the second area A 2 , the main patterns have refraction and reflection efficiency of a level smaller than the level of the main patterns of the second area and serve as indirect light sources of a third luminous intensity smaller than that of the second luminous intensity. 
     According to the aforesaid three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 , as viewed from a specific standard point or an observing point, the main patterns positioned farther away from the light sources in main moving directions of light or in the first path may serve as indirect light sources for emitting the light of the light sources positioned farther away from the main patterns. That is, the main patterns serve as indirection light sources have a perceptional depth or a sense of distance in a form in which the light enters the base substrate  10  in the thickness direction of the base substrate  10  of the first path, thereby expressing three-dimensional effect beams having luminous intensity B 11 , B 12 , B 13  showing a sequential reduction in the intensity of light. 
     Also, according to the lighting device  300  of the present embodiment, the light from the main patterns of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  toward the multiple effect forming portion  12  is divided into two beams in the thickness direction of the base substrate  10  through the optical patterns of the multiple effect forming portion  12 . The optical patterns may correspond to sub-optical patterns. That is, the multiple effect forming portion  12  may convert a single three-dimensional effect beam B 11 , B 12 , B 13  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  into a first three-dimensional effect beam B 21 , B 22 , B 23  and a second three-dimensional effect beam B 31 , B 32 , B 33 . 
     According to the present embodiment, the lighting device  300  may express the single three-dimensional effect beam as the first three-dimensional effect beam and the second three-dimensional effect beam having perceptional depths which become higher in order according to an increase in the distance from the light sources. 
       FIG. 19  is a cross-sectional view for explaining the principles of generation of multiple line-shaped beams or three-dimensional effect beams in each area of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 . 
       FIG. 19  may correspond to a schematically enlarged cross-sectional view of a cross section of the lighting device of  FIG. 16  taken along line XIX-XIX. Also, the lighting device of  FIG. 19  may be configured to include substantially the same constitutive elements as those of the lighting device of  FIG. 18  except for the fact that a position of the cross section is different therefrom. 
     Referring to  FIG. 19 , in a lighting device  300  according to the present embodiment, a three-dimensional effect beam B 11  refracted and reflected from the main patterns  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and traveling to the multiple effect forming portion  12  is converted into multiple three-dimensional effect beams B 2 , B 3  by the optical patterns  112  of the multiple effect forming portion  12 . 
     That is, the first incident beam B 11  traveling in a first direction may be converted into first emitting beams B 21 , B 2  traveling in a second direction at the right of the first incident beam B 11  from the optical pattern  112  of the multiple effect forming portion  12  and second emitting beams B 31 , B 3  traveling in a third direction at the left of the first incident beam B 11 . 
     According to the present embodiment, a thickness of the optical member (or the lighting device) provided in a lamination structure of the uneven pattern substrate  110  including the base substrate  10 , and the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and the optical pattern substrate  120  including the multiple effect forming portion  12  may range from about 25 to 250 μm in the case of a sheet or film structure which enables roll winding, and may be larger than 250 μm and about 500 μm or less in the case of a plate structure which does not enable roll winding. 
     When the thickness t 2  of the optical member is thinner than 25 μm it will be difficult to express perceptional depth of the three-dimensional effect beam. Also, when the thickness t 2  of the optical member is thicker than 500 μm as the optical member used in the lighting device of a plate form, a weight thereof may be increased, and costs incurred for producing the optical member to be transparent may be increased. 
     A thickness of each main pattern  111  of the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  may be about several μm or more and about tens of μm or less. When the thickness of each main pattern  111  is smaller than several μm it will be difficult to process the main patterns, and when the thickness thereof exceeds tens of μm each main pattern itself is increased in size so that the degree of freedom in design can be limited and a bad influence can be exerted on the implementation of a three-dimensional effect beam. 
     Also, a thickness of each optical pattern  121  of the multiple effect forming portion  12  may be similar or identical to that of each main pattern  111 . The thickness of each main pattern  111  and the thickness of each optical pattern  121  may be calculated in a thickness resulting from subtracting a thickness t 1  of the base substrate from a thickness t 2  of the optical member. 
     In the present embodiment, when the thickness t 1  of the base substrate  10  is smaller than a height of the light emitting surface of the light source portion corresponding to this thickness, the base substrate  10  fails to serve as a light guide member for guiding light through total internal reflection. 
       FIG. 20  is a plan view schematically showing an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 .  FIG. 21  is a view regarding an operational status of the lighting device of  FIG. 16 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 20 and 21 , in the lighting device  300  according to the present embodiment, an incident beam from the light source  230  is primarily converted into a single three-dimensional effect beam (see B 11 , B 12 , B 13  of  FIG. 18 ) by the three-dimensional effect forming portion and the multiple effect forming portion which are disposed to be laminated, and the converted single three-dimensional effect beam is secondarily converted into multiple three-dimensional effect beams B 2 , B 3 . 
     In the present embodiment, the multiple three-dimensional effect beams B 2 , B 3  are expressed in a form in which the beams travel in two specific directions X 2 , X 3 . At this time, when the multiple effect forming portion is removed, the lighting device  300  expresses a single three-dimensional effect beam traveling in roughly a intermediate direction (see D 2  of  FIGS. 13 and 14 ) of two directions X 2 , X 3 . 
     According to the present embodiment, the single three-dimensional effect beam may be expressed as the multiple three-dimensional effect beams using the three-dimensional effect forming portion and the multiple effect forming portion. That is, according to the present embodiment, the lighting device having a high degree of freedom in design and capable of providing an aesthetic impression to the user can be efficiently designed and produced. Also, as various colors of the LED light sources are used, the lighting device capable of producing an atmosphere suitable for an illumination installation place, a learning environment or a working environment may be implemented. 
       FIG. 22  is a cross-sectional view of a lighting device of yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 22 , a lighting device  400  according to the present embodiment is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; the multiple effect forming portion  12 ; the light source portion  230 ; and a support member  410 . The optical member  100  is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and the multiple effect forming portion  12 . 
     In the present embodiment, the optical member  100  may be provided using any one of the optical members according to the embodiments previously described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 10 . In the present embodiment, the optical member  100  is provided in a film form. A thickness of the optical member  100  is about 25 to 250 μm or less. When the thickness of the optical member  100  is smaller than 25 μm it may be difficult to produce the optical member and durability may be largely reduced. Also, when the thickness of the optical member  100  is larger than 250 μm flexibility is reduced, so that it may be difficult to install the optical member at the support member  410  having a predetermined curvature. 
     The light source portion  230  is disposed so as to irradiate light to one side of the optical member  100 . The light source portion  230  may be provided as an LED package or an LED string including one or two or more LED elements. When the light source portion includes multiple LED elements, the single line-shaped beam (or the single three-dimensional effect beam) including multiple beams may be expressed as multiple line-shaped beams (or multiple three-dimensional effect beams) by the optical member  100 . 
     The support member  410  may be a housing having a curvature, a wall inside or outside a building having a bent portion, or one surface of a product. In the present embodiment, the support member  410  has a hollow type cylindrical shape having a predetermined diameter  2 R. 
     If any device or product enables the optical member  100  of a sheet phase to be disposed at a place where light of the light source portion  230  is irradiated to one side, the support member  410  may be implemented by the device and product without being specially limited. Furthermore, the support member  410  may be implemented using a circular or hollow cap, clothing, shoes, a bag, an accessory, indoor and outdoor interior components and the like. 
     According to the present embodiment, the optical member is attached to an application product, a product or a building having a curvature so that illumination of various optical designs can be implemented through the line shaped beams or the line shaped beams with the three-dimensional effect. 
       FIG. 23  is a plan view of a lighting device of still another embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 23 , a lighting device  500  according to the present embodiment is configured to a base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and the multiple effect forming portion  12  provided on both surfaces of the base substrate  10 ; the light source portion  230 ; and an outer lens  510 . When the lighting device  500  is used for car illumination, the light source portion  230  may be operated by power supplied from a car battery  520 . 
     The optical member  100  is configured to include: the base substrate  10 ; the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; and the multiple effect forming portion  12 . The optical member  100  is configured to include a plurality of sub-three-dimensional effect forming portions and a plurality of multiple effect forming portions which are arranged in individual directions, respectively in different areas of the base substrate  10 . Also, the optical member  100  may be bonded to one surface (an inner side) of the outer lens  30  having a curvature or may be separated by a predetermined distance. 
     In the present embodiment, the optical member  100  may be provided using any one of the optical members of the embodiments previously described with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 10 . Also, the optical member  100  may be may be provided using any one of the optical members of the embodiments previously described with reference to  FIGS. 12 to 22 . 
     The light source portion  230  is provided so as to irradiate light to different areas of the optical member. The light source portion  230  includes multiple light sources, and each of the light sources may be an LED package including one or two or more LED elements. 
     The outer lens  510  includes to a lens-shaped cover disposed on an outer surface of the lighting device such as a light device for a vehicle (a headlight, a rear light and the like), an outdoor lighting device and the like. When the outer lens is used in vehicles, the outer lens  510  may be provided on one surface, in which the optical member  100  is disposed, so as to have a curvature leading to a curved surface of a vehicle body. The outer lens  510  may be made of a transparent plastic material, for example, engineering plastic and the like. The lighting device for vehicles may include a headlight, a rear light, car indoor illumination, a fog lamp, a door scarf or the like. In this case, in terms of a volume, a thickness, a weight, a price, a life span, stability, a degree of freedom in design, and easiness of installation, the lighting device  500  of the present embodiment may be usefully applied compared to the existing lamps for vehicles. 
     Meanwhile, the lighting device  500  of the present embodiment is not limited to a lighting device for vehicles, and may be applied to a curve portion or a bent portion inside or outside an object for illustration installation, such as a building, equipment, furniture and the like, as a flexible lighting device in a film form. In this case, the outer lens  510  may be a transparent support member or a housing for supporting the optical member  100  or the light source portion  230 . 
     According to the present embodiment, by guiding the light of the respective light sources into the first path (D 1  and the like) through a combination of the three-dimensional effect forming portion and the multiple effect forming portion provided in different areas, respectively of the optical member, a single three-dimensional effect beam limited to a predetermined optical width and having a perceptional depth in the thickness direction of the optical member may be displayed as multiple three-dimensional effect beams twice as many number as the light sources. 
     Also, the present embodiment may provide the lighting device capable of expressing multiple three-dimensional effect beams traveling along the extension directions of the main patterns according to movement of an observing point of a user or an observation instrument. 
       FIG. 24  is a partially cross-sectional view of an optical member according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 24 , an optical member  100 B according to the present is configured to include a base substrate  10 ; an uneven pattern substrate  110  having a three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 ; an optical pattern substrate  120  having a multiple effect forming portion  12 ; a first adhesive layer  140  for bonding the uneven pattern substrate  110  to a first surface of the base substrate  10 ; and a second adhesive layer  150  for bonding the optical pattern substrate  120  to a second surface of the base substrate. 
     According to the present embodiment, the optical member  100 B may be similar to or substantially identical to the optical members of the lighting devices previously described with reference to  FIGS. 11 to 23  except for the first adhesive layer  140  and the second adhesive layer  150 . That is, the base substrate  10 , the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11  and the multiple effect forming portion  12  of the optical member  100 B are similar to or substantially identical to those of the optical members of the respective lighting devices according to the embodiments described above, and accordingly, the detailed description thereof is omitted. 
     The uneven pattern substrate  110  and the optical pattern substrate  120  may be made of a thermoplastic resin or a photocurable resin. A material of each of the uneven pattern substrate  110  and the optical pattern substrate  120  may be polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene or polyethylene terephthalate. 
     The first adhesive layer  140  may be formed with an epoxy adhesive film, and the like. Also, in order to adjust a refractive index, the first adhesive layer  140  may be implemented using PEA ((Phenoxyethyl Acrylate) which is a high refractive material. Also, the first adhesive layer  140  may be implemented with a fluorinate polymer, a fluorinate monomer and the like. The second adhesive layer  150  may be made of an adhesive material which is identical to or different from that of the first adhesive layer  140 . 
     According to a thickness of the first adhesive layer  140  or the second adhesive layer  150 , the base substrate  10  and the optical pattern substrate  120  may be separated from each other. In this case, it is preferable that a spaced distance therebetween be below several mm in order to efficiently implement a line-shaped beam or a three-dimensional effect beam. 
     Meanwhile, when the first adhesive layer  140  is prepared, a refractive index of each of the base substrate  10  and the uneven pattern substrate  110  may be considered. That is, a refractive index of the first adhesive layer  140  may be larger than each of the refractive index of the base substrate  10  and the refractive index of the uneven pattern substrate  110 . In this case, when a difference between the refractive index of the base substrate  10  and the refractive index of the uneven pattern substrate  110  is small, light passing through the first adhesive layer  140  from the base substrate  10  is refracted at a predetermined angle and is refracted in an opposite direction of the predetermined angle while traveling to the uneven pattern substrate  110  again, thereby travelling in a direction similar to an original traveling direction. Of course, when the thickness of the first adhesive layer  140  is very thin, the aforesaid refraction angle may be disregarded. 
     Moreover, it is preferable for the first adhesive layer  140  to use a material having very low reflection efficiency between the base substrate  10  and the uneven pattern substrate  110 . If it is not, a bad influence may be exerted on the generation of a three-dimensional effect beam by the three-dimensional effect forming portion  11 . 
     Accordingly, the present embodiment may provide the lighting device capable of being used to a design lighting device and a flexible application product used in indoor or outdoor general lighting devices, exhibitions and the like and the lighting device capable of expressing optical images having excellent appearance which can be efficiently applied to a lighting device for vehicles and the like. 
     As set forth above, some embodiments of the present disclosure may provide the optical member capable of implementing optical images having desired shapes by controlling an optical path, an optical width and luminous intensity through a pattern design, and the light device using the optical member. 
     Also, some embodiments of the present disclosure may provide the optical member capable of converting a single optical image having a three-dimensional effect into multiple optical images having a three-dimensional effect through a pattern design, and the lighting device using the optical member. 
     As previously described, in the detailed description of the disclosure, having described the detailed exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, it should be apparent that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled without deviating from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it is to be understood that the foregoing is illustrative of the present disclosure and is not to be construed as limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and that modifications to the disclosed embodiments, as well as other embodiments, are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents. 
     An aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure provides an optical member and a lighting device using the same capable of implementing optical images having a desired shape by controlling an optical path, an optical width and luminous intensity through a pattern design. 
     Another aspect of embodiment of the present disclosure may provide an optical member and a lighting device using the same capable of converting a single optical image having a three-dimensional effect into a plurality of optical images having the three-dimensional effect through a pattern design and expressing the converted optical images. 
     In order to solve the above problems, according to an aspect of the present disclosure, an optical member may include: a base substrate; a three-dimensional forming portion provided on a first surface of the base substrate; and a multiple effect forming portion disposed in a lamination shape with three-dimensional effect forming portion. Here, three-dimensional effect forming portion may include multiple main patterns sequentially arranged on the first surface of the base substrate in a first direction and having inclined surfaces with each inclination angle. The multiple main patterns may implement a line-shaped beam of a first path which crosses the respective pattern extension directions of the multiple main patterns by guiding an incident beam into a first surface direction toward which a first surface looks or a second surface direction toward which a second surface opposite to the first surface looks by using refraction and reflection of the respective inclined surfaces. The multiple effect forming portion may be sequentially arranged in a second direction crossing a first direction and may have multiple optical patterns for converting the line shaped beam of the first path into multiple line shaped beams. 
     Any reference in this specification to “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” “example embodiment,” etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the disclosure. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the purview of one skilled in the art to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other ones of the embodiments. 
     Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.