Patent Publication Number: US-11656830-B2

Title: Instruction color book painting for dual-screen devices

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/000,086, entitled “INSTRUCTION COLOR BOOK PAINTING FOR DUAL-SCREEN DEVICES,” filed on Aug. 21, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,281,194 B2, which claims the foreign priority to Indian Patent Application No. 202041027628, entitled “INSTRUCTION COLOR BOOK PAINTING FOR DUAL-SCREEN DEVICES,” filed on Jun. 29, 2020, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Today, many aspects of work, learning, and social engagement are performed by applications on modern computing devices. As the digital era has pervaded most of life, the form factor of today&#39;s devices have taken on many different sizes and shapes. Laptops and personal computers are being replaced by smaller tablets, mobile phones, digital whiteboards, the virtual- or augmented-reality (VR or AR) wearables, and the like. These modern computing devices typically include a single display screen for interacting with a single user. 
     Yet, much of today&#39;s work, learning, and social engagement is interactive between different people. Teachers need to instruct students, bosses need to explain work tasks to subordinates, parents need to instruct children on rules, and so on. Today&#39;s computing devices, while quite dynamic, typically only provide an outlet for users to consume data that is presented by an autonomous application or that that is retrieved from an outside source (e.g., the Internet, electronic mail, etc.). For instance, a child who is working through a math lesson in a learning application may need help with the lesson, but there may not be a teacher around to help. Or, if there is, the parent and child may have to hand the computing device back and forth to view what is on the screen. Forcing the student to consume the lesson alone or having the teacher and child pass the device back and forth during the lesson frustrates the learning process. 
     SUMMARY 
     This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter. Nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
     At least one embodiment is directed to a dual-screen computing device that has at least two separate displays coupled to an interconnecting hinge that allows the displays to rotate relative to one another. A hinge detector detects movement or position of the hinge, and the positions of the displays may be determined based on the hinge movement or position. The positions of the displays relative to each other dictate which mode of operation the dual-screen computing device is operating (e.g., tent mode, flipped-open, closed, etc.). Additionally, the dual-screen computing device may include various sensors that detect different environmental, orientation, location, and device-specific information. Applications are configured to operate differently based on the mode of operation and, possibly, the sensor data detected by the sensors. Some specific applications present different user interface (UI) screens on the displays based on the mode of operation, and may mirror, copy, or display a user input on one display to the other display. 
     The aforesaid embodiments are described in more detail below, as are additional or alternative embodiments. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings facilitate an understanding of the various embodiments. 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a top view of a dual-screen computing device that has at least two separate displays coupled to an interconnecting hinge that allows the displays to rotate relative to one another. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a side view of a dual-screen computing device that is foldable over an axis of rotation. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a side view of a dual-screen computing device oriented in a tent mode of operation. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates a side view of a dual-screen computing device oriented in a tent mode of operation with separate users viewing the displays. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a block diagram a dual-screen computing device that has at least two separate displays coupled to an interconnecting hinge that allows the displays to rotate relative to one another. 
         FIGS.  6 - 15    illustrate various user interfaces (UIs) of applications presented on different displays of a dual-screen computing device. 
         FIG.  16    illustrates a flowchart diagram of a workflow for operating a dual-screen computing device. 
         FIG.  17    illustrates a flowchart diagram of a workflow for operating a paint application on a dual-screen computing device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Numerous embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. References made throughout this disclosure relating to specific examples and implementations are provided solely for illustrative purposes but, unless indicated to the contrary, are not meant to limit all examples. 
     Embodiments disclosed herein generally relate to systems, methods, devices, and computer memory for a dual-screen computing device that has two or more displays and one or more hinges therebetween. The one or more hinges are coupled to and join the two displays together along internal sides, thereby delineating an axis of rotation for the two displays relative to each other. In some embodiments, the one or more hinges allow the displays to be folded 360° around each other, from a fully closed position where both displays are facing each other; to a fully opened position where the hinge is rotated 355°-360° and the displays are facing in diametrically or substantially, opposing directions; and every angular position in between (e.g., 1°-359°). A hinge sensor is used to measure the degree of rotation of the one or more hinges to determine the position of the two displays relative to each other. The dual-screen computing device may operate in different modes of operation based on the position of the two displays—determined from monitoring the degree of rotation of the one or more hinges. And applications may perform differently based on the particular mode of operation. For example, different separate user interfaces may be displayed on the displays in tent mode, both displays may be powered off in closed mode, etc. 
     “Tent mode” is one particular mode of operation for the disclosed dual-screen computing devices. Tent modes involves the two displays being rotated to a position greater than 180° where the displays act as legs that support the device and direct the displays to face in opposite directions. Examples of the tent mode are shown in more detail in accompanying  FIGS.  3  and  4   . This configuration allows multiple users (e.g., two) to interact with the same dual-screen computing device using separate displays. The different users may be presented with different interactive content that may be used for a myriad of teaching, business, and social purposes. For example, a child may be sitting in front of a first display, and a teacher may be sitting in front of a second display. The teacher may instruct the child to draw a particular image on the first display. As the child draws the image, the real-time drawing strokes may be shown on the first display to the child and also on the second display to the teacher for evaluation. In tent mode, the displays face in different directions—one toward the child and the other toward the teacher—allowing both the teacher and the child to see the drawing in real-time without having to look at each other&#39;s display. This greatly enhances the user experience because both can concentrate on their respective tasks uninterrupted: the child on drawing, and the teacher on evaluating. 
     In addition to being able to operate in tent mode, the disclosed dual-screen computing devices are able to use the detected hinge angle to influence content on the display screens. Displayed content may be stretched when the dual-screen computing device is rotated further open (e.g., the angle between the displays is increased) and/or shrunk when the dual-screen computing device is rotated further closed (e.g., the angle between the displays is decreased). In this manner, the angle between the display devices not only provides different display angles for the users, but the angle also influences and affects the content presented. Conventional computing devices, like smart phones and mobile tablets, do not change content based on multiple display devices being moved. Using the angle of rotation between different display devices provides another way for realistically interacting with content, mimicking the way ink appears on paper, rubber, or other stretchable materials when they are stretched or compressed. 
     Some embodiments also combine the angle of rotation data monitored by the hinge sensor with other device sensors to change the way content is presented. Numerous sensors may be included, such as, for example but without limitation, an accelerometer, magnetometer, pressure sensor, photometer, thermometer, global position system (GPS) sensor, gyroscope, rotational vector sensor, or the like. Additionally or alternatively, the angle of rotation data may also be combined with peripheral inputs, such as, for example but without limitation, microphones, cameras (e.g., light and infrared), biometric sensors, or the like. 
     As previously discussed, the dual-screen computing device may operate in different modes of operation, including closed, flipped-open, single viewing, and tent modes. These modes are set once the two displays are folded around the axis of rotation to different positions. “Closed mode” refers to the two displays being rotated into parallel positions and facing each other (e.g., 0°-5° of rotation). “Flipped-open mode” refers to the two displays being rotated all the way open into parallel positions with the displays facing opposite facing away from each other (e.g., 355°-360° of rotation). “Single-viewing mode” refers to both displays being viewable in the same direction and the angel of rotation is less than 175°. “Flat mode” refers to the displays being substantially parallel around 180°. And tent mode, as previously discussed, refers to the two displays being angled more than 180°, facing different directions, and operating as legs propping up the dual-screen computing devices. Thus, the mode of operation is dictated, in some examples, from the angle or rotation between the two displays. Applications running on the dual-screen computing device behave differently based on the mode of operation. For example, one large piece of content may be extended across both display screens when lying flat, but different content may be displayed on different display devices when in tent mode. 
     Different embodiments use different hinge configurations for rotating the displays. One, two, three, or more hinges may be used, and any of them may be monitored by hinge sensors to determine the rotation of the displays relative to each other. The hinge(s) may be positioned along sides, backs, or fronts of the displays. For the sake of clarity, the singular term “hinge” is used to describe various embodiments, but the term hinge is considered synonymous with the plural term “hinges” throughout this disclosure, and vice versa. In other words, any of the references dual-screen computing devices mentioned herein may use one or more hinges to rotate their dual displays. 
     It should be noted that examples and embodiments with specific angles of rotation are provided to illustrate various features. These angles are provided merely as examples and are not meant to define all of the disclosed embodiments as to when the dual-screen computing devices are in particular modes of operation. Where appropriate, ranges of angles are provided in this disclosure, but if not, the disclosed angles may vary by ranges of 10° and still be considered as “substantially” within a given angle. For example, a flat mode of operation may be set based on the displays being angled at exactly 180° from each other or substantially at 180° by being within 170°-190° (e.g., 10° more or less than 180°). Similarly, single-viewing mode may be defined between 10°-170°, and the open and closed modes of operation may operate at or substantially at 0°-10° and 350°-360°, respectively. Such ranges are fully contemplated by the examples discussed herein. 
     Having provided an overview of some of the disclosed examples and clarified some terminology, attention is drawn to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate some additional details. The illustrated configurations and operational sequences are provided for to aid the reader in understanding some aspects of the disclosed examples. The accompanying figures are not meant to limit all examples, and thus some examples may include different components, devices, or sequences of operations while not departing from the scope of the disclosed examples discussed herein. In other words, some examples may be embodied or may function in different ways than those shown. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an example of a dual-screen computing device  100  having two displays  102  and  104  that are rotatable around each other. The depicted dual-screen computing device  100  includes two hinges  106 A and  106 B that are attached to internal sides  108 A and  108 B of the displays  102  and  104 , respectively. “Internal sides”  108 A and  108 B are any two sides that are fixed in place to face each other by the hinges. In the depicted example, the internal sides  108 A and  108 B span lengthwise along the outer casing of the dual-screen computing device  100 . Though not shown, alternative embodiments attach the hinges  106 A and  106 B to the displays  102 A and  104  along widthwise sides  110 A and  110 B. 
     The dual-screen computing device  100  is shown in the flat mode of operation, with both displays  102 ,  104  being oriented at, or substantially at, 180°. In this mode of operation, separate content may be displayed on the two displays  102  and  104 —e.g., an electronic-mail (e-mail) application open on  102  and a spreadsheet application open on  104 . Additionally or alternatively, the same content may be displayed across both displays  102  and  104 —e.g., a game with characters that move from display  102  to display  104 . The flat mode is but one configuration. 
     The hinges  106 A and  106 B define an axis of rotation  112  around which the displays  102  and  104  are able to rotate (or be folded). The hinges  106 A and  106 B allow the displays  102  and  104  to be rotated around the axis of rotation  112  to numerous different positions, e.g., open, closed, tent, flipped-open, single-view, etc. The disclosed embodiments detect the angle of rotation  114  of the hinges  106 A and  106 B around the axis of rotation  112 . In some embodiments, the angle of rotation  114  is the angular displacement between the displays  102  and  104 . In other embodiments, the angle of rotation  114  is the angular displacement of the hinges  106 A and  106 B from a starting point. Other embodiments combine both. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a side view of the dual-screen computing device  100  being rotatable around the axis of rotation  112 . The hinges  106 A and  106 B allow the displays  102  and  104  to be rotated around the axis of rotation  112  into different positions. The positions of the displays  102  and  104  relative to each other are detected from the angle of rotation  114  to dictate which mode of operation to operate the dual-screen computing device  100 . More specifically, the display  102  may be rotated to positions A-G. At positions A-D, both the displays  102  and  104  are facing in the same visible direction, and therefore may be viewed by the same user. In these positions, the dual-screen computing device  100  operates in a single-user configuration, meaning content is presented for just a single user. At positions, E-G the displays the displays  102  and  104  are facing different visible directions, viewable by different users. These positions E-G represent the tent mode of operation. 
       FIG.  3    illustrates the dual-screen device  100  in tent mode. As shown, the displays  102  and  104  are rotated into positions to face different viewing directions  302  and  304 , respectively. This allows different users to view and interact with the individual displays  102  and  104 , creating an ideal configuration for a host of teaching, business, and social applications. To position the dual-screen computing device  100  into tent mode, the displays  102  and  104  are rotated to an angle of rotation  114  greater than 180° (e.g., 225°). Also, the displays  102  and  104  are packaged within their respective casings  312  and  314 , respectively, and the casings  312  and  314  act as legs that support the dual-screen computing device  100  in a freestanding position. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates the dual-screen device  100  being used in tent mode by different users  402  and  404 . Hinges  106 A and  106 B allow the displays  102  and  104  to be rotated into the tent mode, which allows dual-screen device  100  to rest in a freestanding position on a table  400 . The users  402  and  404  are able to view the different displays  102  and  104 . As previously discussed, the displays  102  and  104  are angled away from each other in the shown viewing directions  302  and  304 , respectively. More specifically, display  102  is angled in viewing direction  302  toward user  402 , and display  104  is angled in viewing direction  304  toward user  404 . 
     In this tent-mode configuration, the user  402  is able to interact with display  102 , and the user  404  is able to interact with display  104 . Operating in tent mode, the dual-screen device  100  may present content on the display devices  102  and  104  than when in other modes of operation (e.g., single-view, flat, etc.). For example, a painting application may present a teaching user  404  with a particular scene to explain to a student user  402  to draw. The full scene may then be shown on the display  104  of the teaching user  404  while the student user  402  tries to draw the instructed scene on the display  102 . User input on the display  102  from the student user  402  (e.g., stylus or touch strokes) are shown on the display of the teaching user  404  to assess how well the student user  402  is following instructions. This interaction provides an environment where teachers are able to directly instruct students and evaluate their performance in real time. Thus, the application or drawing application running on the dual-screen computing device  100  operates differently in tent mode—mirroring touches on one display  102  to the other display  104 —than when the dual-screen computing device  100  operates in other modes where both displays  102  and  104  are facing in the same viewing direction. 
     Myriad other uses exist for the tent mode of operation. Users  402  and  404  may play games interactive games together, work on business projects together, consume different media, and engage in various other types of content where it is advantageous to mirror portions of input from one user  402  to the display  104  of the other user  404 , and vice versa. For example, users  402  and  404  may be engineering a control system and independently working on different aspects of the design. Contributions from each user  402 / 404  may be shown in real time on the displays  104 / 102  of the other user  404 / 402 . Again, numerous uses exist for the dual-screen device  100  operating in tent mode. 
       FIG.  5    is a block diagram of various components of the dual-screen computing device  100 . Dual-screen computing device  100  includes one or more processors  502 , input/output (I/O) components  504 , communications interfaces  506 , computer-storage memory  508  (also referred to as computer-storage memory devices), and various sensors  512 . The dual-screen computing device  100  is but one example of a suitable computing environment and is not intended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use or functionality of all the disclosed embodiments and examples. 
     The processor  502  includes any number of microprocessors, microcontrollers, analog circuitry, systems on chip (SoC), or the like for that are programmed to execute computer-executable instructions for implementing aspects of this disclosure. In some examples, the processor  502  is programmed to execute instructions such as those illustrated in the other drawings discussed herein. 
     The I/O components  504  may include any type of I/O hardware or software configured to interface with the outside world. Examples include, without limitation, speakers, displays, touch screens, augmented- and virtual-reality (AR and VR) headsets, styli, microphones, joysticks, scanner, printers, wearable accessories, and the like. The embodiments disclosed herein specifically include the two displays  102  and  104  and rotatable hinges  106 A and  106 B discussed above. 
     The communications interface  506  allows software and data to be transferred between the dual-screen computing device  100  and external devices over a network  514 . Examples of communications interface  506  include a modem, a network interface (such as an Ethernet card), a communications port, a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) slot and card, a transceiver for wireless transmissions, radio frequency transmitter (e.g., BLUETOOTH®-branded chip, near-field communication (NFC) circuitry, or the like). Software and data transferred via the communications interface  506  are in the form of signals that may be electronic, electromagnetic, optical or other signals capable of being received by communications interface  506 . 
     The dual-screen computing device  100  is able to communicate over the network  514  with other online devices. The network  514  may include any computer network or combination thereof. Examples of computer networks configurable to operate as network  514  include, without limitation, a wireless network; landline; cable line; digital subscriber line (DSL): fiber-optic line; cellular network (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.); local area network (LAN); wide area network (WAN); metropolitan area network (MAN); or the like. The network  514  is not limited, however, to connections coupling separate computer units. Rather, the network  514  may also comprise subsystems that transfer data between servers or computing devices. For example, the network  514  may also include a point-to-point connection, the Internet, an Ethernet, an electrical bus, a neural network, or other internal system. Such networking architectures are well known and need not be discussed at depth herein. 
     The computer-storage memory  508  includes any quantity of memory devices associated with or accessible by the dual-screen computing device  100 . The computer-storage memory  508  may take the form of the computer-storage media references below and operatively provide storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the dual-screen computing device  100  to store and access instructions configured to carry out the various operations disclosed herein. The computer-storage memory  508  may include memory devices in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory, removable or non-removable memory, data disks in virtual environments, or a combination thereof. Examples of the computer-storage memory  508  include, without limitation, random access memory (RAM); read only memory (ROM); electronically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM); flash memory or other memory technologies; CDROM, digital versatile disks (DVDs) or other optical or holographic media; magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices; memory wired into an analog computing device; or any other computer memory and/or memory devices. 
     The computer-storage memory  508  may be internal to the dual-screen computing device  100  (as shown in  FIG.  5   ), external to the dual-screen computing device  100  (not shown), or both. Additionally or alternatively, the computer-storage memory  508  may be distributed across multiple dual-screen computing devices  100  and/or servers, e.g., in a virtualized environment providing distributed processing. For the purposes of this disclosure, “computer storage media,” “computer-storage memory,” “memory,” and “memory devices” are synonymous terms for the computer-storage media  508 , and none of these terms include carrier waves or propagating signaling. 
     In some examples, the computer-storage memory  508  stores executable computer instructions for an operating system (OS)  516 , a mode detector  518 , various software applications  520 , and different sensor data  522 . Though shown as separate instructions, the mode detector  518  may be incorporated into the OS  516  in one more OS components. Alternatively, as shown, the mode detector  518  may be a standalone application. Also, parts of the mode detector  518  and the applications  520  may be implemented, at least partially, as firmware, hardware, or software. 
     The OS  516  may be any OS designed to the control the functionality of the dual-screen computing device  100 , including, for example but without limitation: MICROSOFT WINDOWS® developed by the MICROSOFT CORPORATION® of Redmond, Wash., MAC OS® developed by APPLE, INC.® of Cupertino, Calif., ANDROID™ developed by GOOGLE, INC.® of Mountain View, Calif., open-source LINUX®, and the like. In operation, the OS  516  controls how the dual-screen computing device  100  operates, specifying tasks such as how files are stored, applications are run, memory is managed, interacting with the I/O components  504 , and the like. 
     The mode detector  518  determines the modes of operation  544  of the dual-screen computing device  100  based on hinge data  546  captured by hinge sensor  534 , which is one of the resident sensors  512 . The hinge sensor  534  detects the movement of the one or more hinges  106 A and  106 B when the displays  102  and  104  are rotated. In some embodiments, the hinge sensor  534  indicates a distance, position, speed, or angle of rotation that the hinges  106 A and/or  106 B have moved or been rotated. This information is collectively referred to herein as “hinge data”  546 , and is stored in the computer-storage memory  508  with other sensor data  522  and accessible by the mode detector  518  to determine which of the modes of operation  544  the dual-screen computing device  100  is oriented to operate. Additionally, the hinge sensor  522  may be used in the operations of the applications  520 . For example, a paint application may stretch or shrink user paint inputs based on whether the displays  102  and  104  are being folded together or unfolded apart. 
     More specifically, the modes of operation  544  are dictated by the position of the displays  102  and  104  relative to each other. These positions are detected using the hinge data  546 , which, again, indicates distance, position, speed, or angle of rotation of the hinges  106 A and/or  106 B. The positions of the displays  102  and  104  indicate whether the dual-screen computing device  100  is operating in tent, flat, open, closed, or another mode of operation  544 . The applications  520  are configured to operate differently in different modes of operation  544 . In particular, tent mode provides different application features that are not performed other modes. 
     The applications  520  may be any type of computer or device applications configured to run on the dual-screen computing device  100 . Myriad applications  520  may be run. In some embodiments, these applications  520  change based on the mode of operation  544  of the dual-screen computing device  100 . For example, a paint application  520  may behave differently in tent mode than in flat mode. Video and gaming applications  520  may allow different videos and games, respectively, to be played in the separate displays  102  and  104  in tent mode. Conference applications may use different cameras in tent mode. 
     The dual-screen computing device  100  may also include other sensors  512  in addition to the hinge sensor  534 . A non-exhaustive group of sensors  512  is illustrated that includes an accelerometer  524 , a magnetometer  526 , a pressure sensor  528 , a biometric sensor  530 , a photometer sensor  532 , a hinge sensor  534 , a gyroscope  536 , a rotational vector sensor  538 , and a global positioning system (GPS) sensor  540 . Some of the sensors  512  may be combined into a single sensor chip. The depicted combination of sensors  512  is but one example. Additional or alternative sensors  512  are used in different embodiments. In operation, the sensors  512  capture the sensor data  522  that is stored in the computer-storage memory  508 , and the sensor data  522  may be used to modify operations of the different applications  520 , as discussed in more detail below. The applications  520  may take into account, use, or modify operations based on the sensor data  522  from the sensors  512 . 
     The accelerometer  524  captures the acceleration force of the dual-screen computing device  100  in the x, y, and/or z directions. Such sensor data  522  to detect whether the users  402  and  404  are traveling in a car, airplane, bike, or otherwise moving. If so, applications  520  may estimate the arrival time of the users  402  and  404 , provide alerts of nearby attractions while the two are gaming, send messages to business colleagues at known arrival destinations, or otherwise change the behavior of running applications that track movement of the users  402  and  404 . Additionally, acceleration force information from the accelerometer  524  may be used by the applications  520  to determine that a user is in a car, on a plane, on a train, or otherwise moving in a vehicle, and consequently changes the information provided on one or more both displays  102  and  104 . 
     The magnetometer  526  is a low-powered vector or total-field magnetic sensor capable of detecting magnetic fields either in aggregate or in two or three dimensions. Examples of magnetic sensors that may be used include, without limitation, a Hall effect sensor, a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor, a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) sensor, an anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) sensor, and a Lorentz force sensor. In operation, the applications  520  may perform differently when the dual-screen computing device  100  senses a threshold magnetic field, either in the aggregate or in particular directions, indicating another computing device (e.g., smart television, Internet of Things device, wearable, etc.) is within a particular proximity (e.g., 0.5, 1, 3, etc. feet or meters). For example, the applications  520  may show particular content on a smart television that is detected by magnetic signaling. Or, in tent mode, learning or video applications  520  may use the magnetic field information from the magnetometer  526  to wirelessly transmit content on one display  102  to a nearby smart device (e.g., television) that is detected. 
     The pressure sensor  528  detects pressures. In particular, the pressure sensor  528  may take the form of a transducer, a capacitance-type sensor, micromachine silicon (MMS) sensor, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) sensor, or other type of sensor capable of detecting pressure. The threshold level of sensed magnetism necessary for the applications  520  to transmit location signals may be correlated to the distance other computing devices or structures are from the dual-screen computing device  100 . For example, applications  520  may only transmit particular content or signals when a field of more than 4 Gauss is sensed, because a 4 Gauss field correlates to a particular distance of a device. 
     The pressure sensor  528  may take the form of a transducer, a capacitance-type sensor, micromachine silicon (MMS) sensor, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor, a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) sensor, capacitive-touch sensor, infrared sensor, or other type of sensor capable of detecting pressure. In some examples, pressures of touches on the displays  102  and  104  may be used in numerous ways by the applications  520 . Painting applications  520  may splatter paint differently based on touch, business applications  520  may present different application options based on stylus touch pressures, gaming applications  520  may interpret touch pressures differently for different game options, and so on. 
     The biometric sensor  530  provides scanners for detecting biomarkers of users  402  and  404 . Examples of such biomarkers include, without limitation, hand geometry; fingerprints; palm prints; eyes (e.g., iris, retina, pupil, etc.); heart rates; calories burned; oxygen consumed; signature recognition; speech recognition; facial recognition; keystroke dynamics; and the like. The applications may use such biometric sensor data  522  to authenticate users, detect health parameters, provide authorization for actions, recognize gestures, or perform other functions. 
     The photometer  532  may be used to detect light intensity or other optics. Photometer  532  may include one or more photoresistors, photodiodes, photomultipliers, or other types photo-voltaic components capable of measuring one or more light properties, including, for example but without limitation: light illuminance, irradiance, ambience, absorption, scattering, reflection, fluorescence, phosphorescence, luminescence. The applications  520  may adjust the way content is presented on the displays  102  and  104  based on such light sensor data  522 . For example, light detection from the photometer  532  may enable applications  520  or the OS  516  to increase or decrease display levels (e.g., contrast, brightness, etc.) individually on the displays  102  and  104  based on their detected light. 
     The gyroscope  536  is used to detect movement through gyroscopic rotation (e.g., roll, pitch, and yaw) and the speed of movement. The gyroscope  536  may work alone or in conjunction with the accelerometer  524  to determine the acceleration or speed of movement of the dual-screen computing device  100 . Acceleration and speed of movement sensor data  522  may be considered by the applications  520  when determining content to present on either of the displays  102  and  104 . Also, the gyroscopic rotation information from the gyroscope  536  may be used—alone or with the orientation and location information from the rotational vector  538  described below—to determine which display  102  and  104  is facing toward or away from the nearby smart device. For instance, it may be helpful for a teacher facing a television that is behind a student to have a reference image and the student&#39;s input thereon shown on the television while the user is working. 
     The orientation and location of the dual-screen computing device  100  may alternatively or additionally be sensed using a rotational vector sensor  538 . The rotational vector sensor  538  may be configured to detect rotational vector components along the x, y, and/or z axes, calculating the orientation of the dual-screen computing device  100  as a combination of an angle (θ) around an axis (x, y, z). For example, the rotational vector components may be calculated in the following manner:
 
Vector( x )= x *sin(θ/2)
 
Vector( y )= y *sin(θ/2)
 
Vector( z )= z *sin(θ/2)
 
Where the magnitude of the rotation vector is equal to sin(θ/2), and the direction of the rotation vector is equal to the direction of the resultant axis of rotation. These three vector components may be used by the rotational vector sensor  538  to determine the orientation and location of the dual-screen computing device  100 . Various applications  520  may use such orientation and location information to change content presented on the displays  102  and  104 
 
     The GPS sensor  540  may be used to detect the location and movement of the dual-screen computing device  100 . The GPS sensor  540  may include an integrated antenna along with various filters, radio frequency shields, and internal processor. In operation, the GPS sensor  540  detects x and y coordinates, and the applications  520  may use such coordinates to geographically locate and track movement of the dual-screen computing device  100 . 
     The sensors  512  capture and produce the sensor data  522  that is stored in the computer-storage memory  508 . This sensor data  522  may include the acceleration force information from the accelerometer  524 , the magnetic field information from the magnetometer  526 , the pressure information form the pressure sensor  528 , the detected biomarkers from the biometric sensor  530 , the optical data (e.g., light intensity) from the photometer  532 , the hinge data (e.g., distance, position, or angular degree that the hinges  106 A,B have moved), gyroscopic rotation from gyroscope  536 , orientation and location information from the rotational vector  538 , or geographic coordinates from the GPS sensor  540 . Other sensors  512  capturing different sensor data  522  may be used as well. 
     In some examples, the applications  520  use the sensor data  522  in their operations and, again, may operate differently based on the detected mode of operation  544 . For instance, applications  520  may behave differently, be displayed differently, or have different options based on the mode of operation  544  and the environment, orientation, inputs, or other information detected by the sensors  512 . 
       FIGS.  6 - 15    show different UIs of applications  520  being run on the dual-screen computing device  100  while in tent mode to illustrate the interaction between content displayed on the two displays  102  and  104 . These applications  520  and UIs are provided to explain how some specific embodiments of applications  520  use the dual-screen computing device  100  in tent mode. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates UIs of a paint application  520  running on the dual-screen computing device  100  while in tent mode. The depicted paint application  520  displays UI  602  on display  102  (for user  402 ) and UI  604  on display  104  (for user  404 ). This paint application is ideal for a teacher (user  404 ) explaining an image of a house  606  to a student (user  402 ) who, in turn, tries to draw the house  606 . Because the dual-screen computing device  100  is in tent mode, the teacher and student only see their own displays  104  and  102 , respectively. 
     On the display  104  of the teacher, the full image of the house  606  is shown with a drawing grid  608  overlaid thereon. The drawing grid  608  is also mirrored and overlaid the digital blank drawing canvas in the UI  602  of the display  102 . The drawing grid  608  represents just one overlay that may be applied and is not applied in all embodiments. 
     The teacher may describe the house  606  to the student, instructing the student how to draw the house  606 . The drawing grid  608 , when overlaid, provides a frame of reference that helps the teacher describe how to draw the house  606 . The student draws the house  606  in the blank drawing canvas of the UI  602  through touch or another input. For example, the student may use a finger, stylus, mouse, or other input device. The UI  602  shows the drawing of the student, which is represented as paint input  610 . This paint input  610  is mirrored and displayed in real time to the teacher in UI  604  as an overlay on top of the displayed house  606  and drawing grid  608 . Thus, the teacher is able to immediately evaluate the student on a separate display  104  in real time and give praise, encouragement, and/or corrective guidance. 
     In some embodiments, the paint application  520  provides machine-evaluation instead of relying on teacher instruction to both describe the house  606  to the student and evaluate their drawing. Such embodiments describe the house  606  through verbal instructions provided by the paint application  520 . The paint application  520  compares the paint input  610  from the student to the image of the house  606 , evaluates whether the paint input  610  is within a margin of error (e.g., 5% away from the lines) and provides verbal feedback to correct or praise the student. Other applications  520  may similarly provide machine-generated instructions to users on completing various application tasks. Other embodiments use a digital assistant (e.g., the CORTANA®-branded assistant developed by the MICROSOFT CORPORATION®) to provide the user with instructions. 
     The paint application  520  provides the student several paint options  612 - 618 . Color option  612  allows the student to change paint or drawing colors. Brush option  614  allows the student to change brushes or drawing instruments. Undo option  616  allows the student to delete the last drawing input. Evaluation option  618  allows the student to check their drawing against the image of the house  606  on the teacher&#39;s display  104 . Additional options are used in other embodiments. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates UIs of the paint application  520  evaluating the student&#39;s drawing  702  of the house  606 . This evaluation may be triggered by selecting the evaluation option  618 . The application  520  compares the drawing  702  to the house  703  and provides feedback  704  to the student. This feedback  704  may be a rating of how accurately the student drew the house. 
       FIG.  8    illustrates another example of the paint application  520  running on the dual-screen computing device  100  while in tent mode, but this time the teacher is instructing the student on how to draw letter  806 . The depicted paint application  520  displays UI  602  on display  102  (for user  402 ) and UI  604  on display  104  (for user  404 ). The drawing grid  608  is overlaid on an image of the letter  806  being displayed to the teacher on the display  104 . The same drawing grid  608  is overlaid on the UI  602  to the student, providing reference points that are mirrored to both users. In this example, the student&#39;s drawing input  810  is now shown on the teacher&#39;s display  104 . Rather, the student may select the evaluation option  618  from a set of options to compare the drawing input  810  to the letter  806  and provide feedback. Thus, some examples mirror paint or drawing inputs to the other display ( 104 ), while others do not. 
       FIG.  9    illustrates another example of the paint application  520  providing a trace-by-numbers project on the dual-screen computing device  100  while in tent mode. In this example, a complete image  906  is shown on the teacher&#39;s display  104 , and the student is shown hints, corrections, or other indicators to draw the complete image  906  on display  102 . A hint  904  is shown as dotted lines instructing the student how to finish drawing the complete image  906 . In some examples, the hint  904  is shown to the student in display  102  when machine-evolution in an application  520  detects that the student is not able to follow instructions that are provided. The student&#39;s drawing input  908  is captured on the display  102  and mirrored to the teacher&#39;s display  104 , showing the student&#39;s work in real time. 
       FIG.  10    illustrates another example of the paint application  520  for the tent mode of operation. This example shows a user inputting paint objects  1002 - 1016  on one of the UIs  602 / 604 , and the paint objects  1002 - 1016  are mirrored to the other UI  604 / 602 . The user may “smash” the paint objects  1002 - 1016  by either clicking a close option  1020  or by physically closing the dual-screen computing device  100  through folding the displays  102  and  104  together. Once closed, the paint objects  1002 - 1016  are displayed as if they were splattered, as shown in  FIG.  11   . The splattering may occur based on data from the hinge sensor. For example, the splattering may be affected by the hinge sensor data indicating that the two displays were moved slowly or quickly (e.g., more or maximum splattering if the displays were moved quickly, and less or minimum splattering if the displays were moved slowly). 
       FIGS.  12 - 13    illustrate another example of the paint application  520  for flat, open, or tent modes of operation. This example shows how the dual-screen computing device  100  is able to mimic paper being folded and unfolded. In  FIG.  12   , the depicted example shows a user drawing an image  1200  in UI  602  and having the ability to select a folding option  1202 . Alternatively, the folding option  1202  may be triggered by the user folding and unfolding the displays  102  and  104  together (as determined by the hinge sensor data), instead of by selecting a menu option. In such embodiments, the dual-screen computing device  100  identifies a folding action by monitoring the previously discussed hinge data  546 . However triggered, the folding option  1202  instructs the paint application  520  to inversely mirror or copy the drawn image  1200  on the other UI  604 , producing mirrored image  1300 , as shown at  FIG.  13   . Together, the drawn image  1200  and the mirrored image  1300  produce an entire image on the two displays  102  and  104 . The resulting image depends on the blend of original color of images on either side, the speed of the fold operation. The resulting image on both sides may differ based on the light exposure to each side, as determined from photometer  532  sensor  512 . 
       FIGS.  14 - 15    illustrate another example of the paint application  520  for flat, open, or tent modes of operation. This example shows how the dual-screen computing device  100  is able to mimic paper being folded and unfolded. In  FIG.  14   , the depicted example shows a user dropping two paint drops  1402  and  1404  on the separate displays  102  and  104 , respectively. The paint drops  1402  and  1404  may be different colors, as indicated by the different patterns shown. For example, drop  1402  may be yellow, and drop  1404  may be red. When the displays  102  and  104  are folded together—whether physically or through a folding option—the two paint drops  1402  are shown as splatters of both colors. This is illustrated in  FIG.  15   , where paint splatters  1502  and  1504  are shown as blended splatters of the paint drops  1402  and  1404 . For example, splatters  1504  and  1502  may each be blended colors of the red and yellow paint drops  1402  and  1404 , but with varying blended amounts based on the color of the paint drop  1402  or  1404  on the display  102  and  104 . For instance, splatter  1502  may have more yellow than splatter  1504  because paint drop  1402  on display  102  was yellow. Similarly, splatter  1504  may have more red than splatter  1502  because paint drop  1404  on display  104  was red. Thus, the paint drops  1402  and  1404  may be blended together and shown as blended splatters  1502  and  1504 , respectively, when the dual-screen computing device  100  is detected to be folded together (e.g., by the sensors  512 ) or when a folding option is selected). Additionally or alternatively, the blending of the colors from the paint drops  1402  may be influenced by the sensors  512 . For example, the blending may differ based on the light exposure, speed of closure, pressure, rotation, acceleration, or other type of sensor data  522 . 
     This example also be mimicking the Rorschach Paint effect, where a colorful art is produced with paper, colors and a thread. After placing colorful drops on the either screen, user can use the touch gesture on either of the screen or any other touch sensitive on back/side of the device to create a virtual thread being layout. After that, user can use the folding and unfolding gesture to produce an art like Rorschach Paint. Paint propagation can be dependent on surface angle and gravity direction or other senor inputs. Image lighting can be dependent on surface angle and gravity direction or other senor inputs. 
       FIG.  16    illustrates a flowchart diagram of a workflow  1600  for operating the dual-screen computing device  100 . As shown at  1602 , the dual-screen computing device  100  monitors the hinge sensor to determine the position or movement of the hinge(s)  106 A,B. The position of the first display  102  relative to the second display  104  is determined based on the position or movement of the hinge  106 A,B, as shown at  1604 . A mode of operation for the dual-screen computing device  100  is determined based on the position of the displays  102  and  104 , as shown at  1606 . 
     Workflow  1600 A expands on how the mode of operation is determined. In short, the angle of hinge  106 A,B being monitored is used to determine the angle of rotation between the two displays  102  and  104 . As shown at  1608 , if the angle is not greater than 5° (i.e., less), the closed mode is detected, as shown at  1610 . The angle is checked to see whether the angle exceeds 180°, as shown at  1612 . If the angle is between 5°-180°, the single-viewing mode is detected, as shown at  1614 . If the angle is greater than 5°, the angle is checked to see whether the angle equals, or substantially equals, 180°, as shown at  1616 , and if so, the flat mode is detected, as shown at  1618 . If the angle is greater than 180°, the angle is checked to see whether the angle is less than 355°, as shown at  1420 . If so, the tent mode is detected, as shown at  1622 , but if not, the closed mode is detected, as shown at  1424 . 
     Once the mode of operation is determined from the hinge  106 A,B position or movement, an application may be executed to perform functions that are specific to the mode of operation, as shown at  1626 . For example, the above paint applications  520  of  FIGS.  6 - 15    may be presented in different UIs on different displays  102  and  104  while the dual-screen computing device  100  is in tent mode. Additionally, the various sensors  512  and corresponding sensor data  522  may also be used by the applications  520  that are running specifically according to the determined mode of operation. For example, a video shown in tent mode may wirelessly transmit or communicate video content on one display  102  to another computing device (e.g., smart television) detected by a magnetometer  526  and that is in the viewing direction  302  of the display, as detected by a rotational vector sensor  538 . 
       FIG.  17    illustrates a flowchart diagram of a workflow  1700  for operating a paint application  520  on the dual-screen computing device  100  while in tent mode. As shown at  1702 , the application  520  displays a first UI on a first display and a second UI on a second display. On the first display, a drawing canvas for a drawing user to digitally or paint is presented, as shown at  1704 . On the second display, an image (e.g., a reference image) or letter is presented for an instructing user to view, without or without a drawing grid, as shown at  1706 . While open, the application  520  waits for a user input in the first UI on the first display, as shown at  1708 . When the drawing user draws (or enters a user input), the user input is displayed in the second UI on the second display in conjunction with the reference image or the letter, as shown at  1710 . 
     Other applications  520  do not pass inputs between the separate displays  102  and  104  while the dual-screen computing device  100  operates in tent mode. One particular example executes a game as application  520  where an instruction manual is displayed to a user on one display (e.g., to the user  402  on the display  102 ) while a puzzle—or set of puzzles—that require info from the instruction manual to solve are displayed to another user on the other display (e.g., to the user  404  on the display  404 ). The users have to communicate back and forth to solve the puzzle(s), without inputs being passed to the displays  102 , 104 . For example, the user being shown the manual must read the manual and verbally describe hints or clues to the other user trying to solve the puzzle Having the dual-screen computing device  100  in tent mode provides a way to hide the relevant information of the manual from the user trying to solve the puzzle. 
     Similarly, another application  520  may provide written instructions for an experiment to an “instructing” user on one display (e.g., to the user  402  on the display  102 ) and a virtual lab environment to a “performing” user on the other display (e.g., to the user  404  on the display  404 ). Such an application  502  requires the first user to explain the steps of the experiment to the second user, who then must carry out the experiment in the virtual lab environment without actually seeing the instructions. The virtual lab environment may simulate different physical, chemical, biological, or other materials and equipment to show the performing user how the experiment is progressing. This sort of collaborative environment teaches the performing user a scientific lesson through simulation of the experiment and also teaches the instructing user how to teach the experiment to a student, which is quite beneficial to instructors with little teaching experience. 
     The previously discussed examples are not meant to be an exhaustive list of all different use cases and applications  520 . Myriad other applications are fully contemplated by the embodiments and examples disclosed herein. 
     Additional Examples 
     Some examples are directed to one or more computer-storage memory devices comprising executable instructions operating a dual-screen computing device comprising a first display and a second display that are both coupled to a hinge. The one or more computer-storage memory devices includes: a hinge sensor configured to monitor movement of the hinge for use in determining a position of the first display relative to the second display; a mode detector configured to determine the dual-screen computing device is operating in a tent mode of operation based on the position of the first display relative to the second display; and an application configured to perform at least one function in a manner that is specific to the tent mode of operation of the dual-screen computing device, wherein the at least one function comprises displaying a user input on the first display to the second display. 
     In an example scenario, the application comprises a paint application configured to display a blank drawing canvas in a first user interface (UI) on the first display and an image or letter on a second UI on the second display. 
     In an example scenario, the user input on the first display comprises a touch input from a user that is mirrored on the second display in real time. 
     In an example scenario, the tent mode of operation is determined based on the hinge being rotated between 190° and 350°. 
     In some examples, a dual-screen computing device includes: a first display; a second display; a hinge coupled to the first display and to the second display, the hinge defining an axis of rotation for the first display to rotate around the second display; a hinge sensor configured to detect hinge data to determine a position of the first display relative to the second display; computer memory storing an application and instructions for determining a mode of operation based on the position of the first display relative to the second display; and at least one processor programmed to: monitor the hinge sensor to detect the hinge data, determine a position of the first display relative to the second display based on the hinge data detected by the hinge sensor, incident to the mode of operation, execute the application to display a first user interface (UI) on the first display and a second UI on the second display, and display a user input on the first UI on the first display in the second UI on the second display. 
     In an example scenario, the mode of operation is a tent mode detected based on the first display being positioned more than 180° from the second display. 
     In an example scenario, the application comprises a paint application and the user input comprises a drawing from a user that is mirrored on the second UI of the second display. 
     In an example scenario, the application comprises a paint application that displays an image in the second UI on the second display to be drawn by a user in the first UI on the first display. 
     In an example scenario, one or more additional sensors configured to capture sensor data, and the at least one processor is further programmed to operate the application based, in part, on the sensor data. 
     In an example scenario, the one or more additional sensors comprise at least one of an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a pressure sensor, a biometric sensor, a photometer, a gyroscope, a rotational vector sensor, or a global positioning system (GPS) sensor. 
     In an example scenario, the at least one processor is further programmed to: detect an external computing device from sensor data captured by the magnetometer; and wirelessly transmit content in the second UI to the external computing device for display thereon. 
     In an example scenario, the application comprises a paint application with a feedback option that, when selected, compares the user input to an image and provides feedback on the first display. 
     In an example scenario, operation of the application in the mode of operation comprises providing a folding option that, when triggered, inversely mirrors the user input on the first UI to the second UI on the second display 
     In an example scenario, the application is configured to present a reference image or letter on the second UI on the second display and the user input received on the first UI on the first display is presented on the second display in conjunction with the reference image or letter. 
     In an example scenario, the user input is a touch input from a user finger or a stylus. 
     Other examples are directed to a method for operating a dual-screen computing device comprising a first display and a second display that are both coupled to a hinge. The method includes: monitoring a hinge sensor configured to detect movement of the hinge; determining a position of the first display relative to the second display based on the movement of the hinge detected from the hinge sensor; determining a mode of operation for the dual-screen computing device based on the position of the first display relative to the second display; and executing an application to perform at least one function in a manner that is specific to the mode of operation of the dual-screen computing device, wherein the at least one function comprises a user input on a first user interface (UI) on the first display being displayed on a second UI on the second display. 
     In an example scenario, a reference image or letter is presented on the second UI on the second display and the user input received is presented on the second display with the reference image or letter. 
     Another example also includes capturing sensor data from one or more additional sensors and operating the application based, in part, on the sensor data. 
     In some examples, the operations illustrated in  FIGS.  14 - 15    may be implemented as software instructions encoded on a computer readable medium, in hardware programmed or designed to perform the operations, or both. For example, aspects of the disclosure may be implemented as an SoC or other circuitry including a plurality of interconnected, electrically conductive elements. 
     While the aspects of the disclosure have been described in terms of various examples with their associated operations, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that a combination of operations from any number of different examples is also within scope of the aspects of the disclosure. 
     Exemplary Operating Environment 
     Exemplary computer readable media include flash memory drives, digital versatile discs (DVDs), compact discs (CDs), floppy disks, and tape cassettes. By way of example and not limitation, computer readable media comprise computer storage media and communication media. Computer storage media include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computer storage media are tangible and mutually exclusive to communication media. Computer storage media are implemented in hardware and exclude carrier waves and propagated signals. Computer storage media for purposes of this disclosure are not signals per se. Exemplary computer storage media include hard disks, flash drives, and other solid-state memory. In contrast, communication media typically embody computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and include any information delivery media. 
     Although described in connection with an exemplary computing system environment, examples of the disclosure are capable of implementation with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments, configurations, or devices. 
     Examples of well-known computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with aspects of the disclosure include, but are not limited to, mobile computing devices, personal computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop devices, multiprocessor systems, gaming consoles, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, mobile telephones, mobile computing and/or communication devices in wearable or accessory form factors (e.g., watches, glasses, headsets, or earphones), network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like. Such systems or devices may accept input from the user in any way, including from input devices such as a keyboard or pointing device, via gesture input, proximity input (such as by hovering), and/or via voice input. 
     Examples of the disclosure may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, executed by one or more computers or other devices in software, firmware, hardware, or a combination thereof. The computer-executable instructions may be organized into one or more computer-executable components or modules. Generally, program modules include, but are not limited to, routines, programs, objects, components, and data structures that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Aspects of the disclosure may be implemented with any number and organization of such components or modules. For example, aspects of the disclosure are not limited to the specific computer-executable instructions or the specific components or modules illustrated in the figures and described herein. Other examples of the disclosure may include different computer-executable instructions or components having more or less functionality than illustrated and described herein. 
     The examples illustrated and described herein as well as examples not specifically described herein but within the scope of aspects of the disclosure constitute exemplary means for operating a dual-screen computing device in different modes of operation based on the position of individual displays. For example, the elements illustrated in  FIG.  5   , such as when encoded to perform the operations illustrated in  FIGS.  14 - 15   , constitute exemplary means for analyzing the hinge position of a dual-screen computing device, exemplary means for determining positions of the displays from the analyzed hinge position, detecting a mode of operation based on the positions of the displays or the hinge position, and execute applications in specific ways based on the detected mode of operation of the dual-screen device. 
     Having described aspects of the disclosure in detail, modifications and variations are possible without departing from the scope of aspects of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims. As various changes could be made in the above constructions, products, and methods without departing from the scope of aspects of the disclosure, all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings should be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. 
     When introducing elements of aspects of the disclosure or the examples thereof, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” are intended to mean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements other than the listed elements. The term “exemplary” is intended to mean “an example of” The phrase “one or more of the following: A, B, and C” means “at least one of A and/or at least one of B and/or at least one of C.” 
     The subject matter disclosed herein is described with specificity to meet statutory requirements. The description itself is not intended to limit the scope of this patent. Rather, the inventor has contemplated that the claimed subject matter might also be embodied in other ways, to include different steps or combinations of steps similar to the ones described in this document, in conjunction with other present or future technologies. Although the terms “step” and/or “block” may be used herein to connote different elements of methods employed, the terms should not be interpreted as implying any particular order among or between various steps herein disclosed unless and except when the order of individual steps is explicitly described. The order of execution or performance of the operations in examples of the disclosure illustrated and described herein is not essential, unless otherwise specified. The operations may be performed in any order, unless otherwise specified, and examples of the disclosure may include additional or fewer operations than those disclosed herein. It is therefore contemplated that executing or performing a particular operation before, contemporaneously with, or after another operation is within the scope of aspects of the disclosure.