Patent Publication Number: US-2009231264-A1

Title: Image display aparatus

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present application claims the priority of Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-63665 filed on Mar. 13, 2008 in Japan, and that of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-49343 filed on Mar. 3, 2009 in Japan, and the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to an image display apparatus having a backlight source, in particular, an image display apparatus having an LED element as its backlight source. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
     In the main current of image display apparatuses in recent years, liquid crystal has been used. In the apparatuses, images are displayed by transmitting light radiated into their liquid crystal panel from a backlight arranged on the rear surface side of the panel, wherein TFTs are formed on a glass piece and a liquid crystal is confined. Therefore, in order to obtain a bright and beautiful high-quality image, it is essential that the backlight is bright and is further even on the surface. 
     Hitherto, a cold cathode tube has been used as a light source for the backlight of image display apparatuses wherein such a liquid crystal panel is used. However, with a technical progress in recent years, a remarkable improvement has been made in the efficiency and the brightness of LED elements so that the elements have come to give efficiency and brightness approximately equal to those of cold cathode tubes. For this reason, the use of LED elements has been spreading as the backlight source of small-sized liquid crystal display apparatuses. 
     However, LED elements emit light in a point form while cold cathode tubes emit light in a linear form. Therefore, in the case of using an LED element as a backlight source, it is necessary for gaining an illuminance approximately equal to that of cold cathode tubes that a large number of LED elements giving a low power are used or a high-power LED element is used to disperse light rays efficiently. 
     A large number of such examples, wherein LED elements as point light sources are used as a backlight source, are disclosed. In particular, the luminous intensity distribution in a light emitting surface is made even, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-open Publication No. 2005-79038. Further, heat generated from LED elements are radiated to restrain a rise in the temperature, as shown in Japanese Patent Laid-open Publication No. 2006-216244, and others. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     However, in recent years, LED elements as light sources have been becoming smaller and the power thereof has been becoming higher. For information processing machines or the like using these image display apparatuses, the size thereof has also been becoming small, or the form thereof has been turning in a portable form. Thus, the following have been required: impact resistance and vibration resistance when the machines are used outdoors or the like; an extension of the dynamic range of the brightness for making the machines usable in both of indoors and the outdoors; and others. 
     In order to keep the impact resistance and the vibration resistance certainly, it is required to make a light conducting plate which constitutes a backlight source unit as thick as in the prior art to make the rigidity high, or use a basic structure of a backlight source unit using the present cold cathode tube. However, if a small-sized LED element is formed in such a manner that its LED element substrate is stepped in order to make the central axis of the LED element consistent with the middle surface of its light conducting plate, a problem that radiation of heat is blocked by the stepped region, and other problems are caused. 
     Thus, an object of the present invention is to solve such problems and provide a long-lifespan image display apparatus that gives an adjustable brightness, realizes a high brightness, and exhibits an even luminous intensity distribution. 
     To achieve the above object, an image display apparatus according to the present invention, includes: 
     a liquid crystal display unit having a display surface and rear surface facing a display surface; 
     a light conducting plate having a front surface, a bottom surface facing the front surface, and a side end surface perpendicular to the front surface and the bottom surface, the light conducting plate being arranged to face the rear surface of the liquid crystal display unit, the front surface of the light conducting plate facing the rear surface of the liquid crystal display unit, wherein the light conducting plate has a reflective sheet on the bottom surface, wherein incident light from a side end surface of the light conducting plate is reflected on the reflective sheet on the bottom surface so as to be conducted toward the front surface; and 
     an LED element that has a light emitting surface facing the side end surface of the light conducting plate, for radiating light from the light emitting surface to the side end surface, 
     wherein the LED element is arranged in the manner that the central axis of the light emitting surface of the LED element is shifted onto either of the bottom surface side or the front surface side of the light conducting plate from the middle surface of the light conducting plate between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate. 
     According to this structure, an image display apparatus can be realized wherein a light conducting plate that is large in thickness so as to have rigidity is used to give impact resistance and vibration resistance. 
     In addition, the LED element may be arranged relatively to a plane including the middle surface of the light conducting plate between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate in the manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface of the LED element in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate are included into the bottom surface side of the light conducting plate. 
     According to this structure, the distance between the central axis of light-radiation of the LED element and the reflective sheet is short, so that in an end portion of the light conducting plate, the interval between the following can be made short: light reflected on the reflective sheet and then radiated out from the light conducting plate, and light transmitted through the light conducting plate. Thus, the length of the end region of the light conducting plate for causing light to be evenly radiated into the liquid crystal panel region can be made small. Therefore, the frame (or trim) region of the image display apparatus is made small so that the whole of the image display apparatus can be made small. 
     Moreover, the LED element may be arranged relatively to a plane including the middle surface of the light conducting plate between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate in the manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface of the LED element in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate are included into the front surface side of the light conducting plate. 
     In addition, the LED element may include: 
     one or more upper LED elements arranged relatively to a plane including the middle surface of the light conducting plate between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate in the manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface of the LED element(s) in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate are included into the front surface side of the light conducting plate, and 
     one or more lower LED elements arranged relatively to a plane including the middle surface of the light conducting plate between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate in the manner that both the end portions of the light emitting surface of the LED element(s) in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate are included into the bottom surface side of the light conducting plate. 
     According to this structure, a large number of LED elements can be arranged. The control of an input to each of the LED elements makes it possible to provide an image display apparatus wherein brightness can be adjusted and a high brightness is realized. 
     The upper LED elements and the lower LED elements may alternately be arranged when the LEDs are viewed from the thickness direction of the light conducting plate. 
     According to this structure, a bright and dark phenomenon is cancelled, which is a phenomenon based on overlap of light rays which is generated in the end portion by light emitted from individual LED elements of the upper LED elements and the lower LED elements. As a result, an image display apparatus giving an even luminous intensity distribution can be realized. 
     The image display apparatus may further includes a heat-radiating plate having an opening region wherein an opening is made toward the side end surface of the light conducting plate. In this case, the upper and lower LEDs are preferably arranged in the opening region of the heat-radiating plate. 
     According to this structure, heat generated from individual LED elements of the upper and lower LED elements can be effectively radiated so that an input to each of the LED elements can easily be controlled. 
     The light conducting plate may contain forward-scattering particles arranged to be dispersed. 
     In addition, a prism sheet is laid between the light conducting plate and the front surface side facing the rear surface of the liquid crystal display unit. 
     As described above, according to the image display apparatus of the present invention, realized is an image display apparatus that gives an adjustable brightness, realizes a high brightness, exhibits an even luminous intensity distribution, has impact resistance, and is suitable for a portable form. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present invention will become readily understood from the following description of preferred embodiments thereof made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which like parts are designated by like reference numeral and in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic perspective view illustrating the structure of an image display apparatus according to a first embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is a partial sectional view taken along line A-A in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the arrangement of an LED element of a backlight source unit of the image display apparatus according to the first embodiment relative to its light conducting plate; 
         FIG. 4A  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the optical path of light radiated from the LED element into the light conducting plate when the central axis of the light emitting surface of the LED element is made consistent with the middle surface of the light conducting plate.  FIG. 4B  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the optical path of light radiated from the LED element into the light conducting plate when the central axis of the light emitting surface of the LED element is shifted from the middle surface of the light conducting plate to the bottom surface side thereof.  FIG. 4C  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the optical path of light radiated from the LED element into the light conducting plate when the central axis of the light emitting surface of the LED element is shifted from the middle surface of the light conducting plate to the front surface side thereof; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the structure of an end portion of an image display apparatus according to a second embodiment; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the structure of an end portion of an image display apparatus according to a third embodiment; and 
         FIG. 7A  is a schematic plan view illustrating the arrangement of LED elements of a backlight source unit of an image display apparatus according to an fourth embodiment, and  FIG. 7B  is a schematic plan view of LED elements in a case where the LED elements are arranged on a line in the same plane; 
     
    
    
     PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION 
     With reference to the attached drawings, image display apparatuses according to embodiments will be described hereinafter. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are attached to substantially the same members. 
     First Embodiment 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view that schematically illustrates an image display apparatus according to a first embodiment, and  FIG. 2  is a partial sectional view taken along line A-A of  FIG. 1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , in an image display apparatus  100 , which is the apparatus, the periphery thereof is surrounded by a housing  101  made of resin, and a liquid crystal panel  102  is arranged therein. As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the liquid crystal panel  102  is made up of a liquid crystal display unit and a backlight source unit. The liquid crystal display unit is equipped with a front surface glass substrate  103 , a rear surface glass substrate  104 , a liquid crystal body region  212  arranged between the front and rear surface glass substrates  103  and  104 , a light-ejection-side polarizing plate  211  disposed on the front surface glass substrate  103 , and a light-incident-side polarizing plate  213  disposed on the rear surface glass substrate  104 . Furthermore, the backlight source unit is made up of a light conducting plate  223  arranged on the rear surface of the liquid crystal display unit, and an LED element  221  arranged on a single side-end portion of the liquid crystal display unit in the short-side direction thereof, which is source for radiating light to side end surface of the light conducting plate  223 . The light conducting plate  223  conducts a white light ray  222  emitted from the LED element  221  to the liquid crystal display unit  210  on the front side. The light conducting plate  223  is equipped with a reflective sheet  224  arranged on the rear surface, and a prism sheet  225  arranged on the front surface of the light conducting plate  223 . Forward-scattering particles  226  are arranged in the light conducting plate  223  so as to be dispersed. 
     First, the function of the light conducting plate  223  is described. 
     The white light ray  222  radiated out from the LED element  221  in the backlight source unit cannot make the liquid crystal display unit luminous evenly if the white light ray  222  is kept as it is. Thus, the white light ray  222  is conducted into a side end surface of the light conducting plate  223  and then reflected evenly on the surface of the reflective sheet  224  arranged on the bottom surface of the light conducting plate  223 , so as to be turned into a light ray approximately perpendicular to the rear surface of the liquid crystal display unit by the prism sheet  225 . The light ray is then radiated into the rear surface. The light ray radiated into the liquid crystal display unit is polarized by the light-incident-side polarizing plate  213 , and made into a polarized light ray corresponding to the twist angle of the liquid crystal confined in the liquid crystal body region  212 , so as to be radiated out. The radiated-out light ray is partially blocked by the light-ejection-side polarizing plate  211 , so that the quantity of light emerging on the screen is varied. As a result, gradation is decided in every pixel. The thickness D 2  of this light conducting plate  223  is preferably from about 0.6 to 3.5 mm, and is about 3 mm in this embodiment. 
     The following describes a detailed structure of the end region wherein the LED element  221  of the backlight source unit of the image display apparatus  100  is arranged. As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , in the first embodiment, the LED element  221  is jointed to an insulating plate  228  disposed on the same face where a substrate  227  for the reflective sheet  224  laid on the rear surface of the light conducting plate  223  is disposed. To the insulating plate  228  is connected a heat-radiating plate  229  made of a material good in thermal conductivity, for example, a metallic material such as aluminum or copper through a thermally-conductive double-sided adhesive agent  230  or the like. The heat-radiating plate  229  is worked into an L-shaped form or the like, and heat-radiating fins  231  are disposed in the surface thereof. Furthermore, the liquid crystal panel  102 , the LED element  221 , the heat-radiating plate  229  and so on are arranged in the housing  101 , which is made up of a front surface side housing  101   a  and a bottom surface side housing  101   b,  whereby the image display apparatus  100  is constructed. The material of each of the members is not limited to the above-mentioned material, and may be an ordinarily usable material. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the thickness of the LED element  221  is made smaller than the thickness D 2  of the light conducting plate  223 . For a light emitting surface B of the LED element  221 , the length in the vertical direction (the thickness direction of the light conducting plate) is preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 mm, and the length in the transverse direction (the horizontal direction) is preferably from 1.5 to 4.0 mm. In this embodiment, as the LED element  221 , the following is used: an element having a light emitting surface B having a length of 0.8 mm in the vertical direction and that of 2.4 mm in the transverse direction. 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the LED element  221  in particular relative to one of the side end surfaces of the light conducting plate  223 . The LED element  221  is arranged relatively to the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223  between the front surface and the bottom surface thereof in such a manner that the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted onto the bottom surface side of the light conducting plate  223 , the position of the side being nearer to the reflective sheet  224  than that of the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223 . Furthermore, it is preferred that the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted from the middle surface A 2  by ¼ or more of the thickness of the light conducting plate  223 . 
     More specifically, it is more preferred that the LED element  221  is arranged as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , that is, is arranged relatively to the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223  between the front surface and the bottom surface thereof in such a manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223  are included into the bottom surface side of the light conducting plate  223 , as well as arranged as above. 
       FIG. 4A  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the path of light in the light conducting plate  223  when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is made consistent with the middle surface A 2  between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate  223 .  FIG. 4B  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the path of light in the light conducting plate  223  when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted from the middle surface A 2  onto the bottom surface side.  FIG. 4C  is a schematic sectional view illustrating the path of light when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted from the middle surface A 2  onto the front surface side. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4A , when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is made consistent with the middle surface A 2 , a reflected light ray reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface is radiated out forward over a distance of L from the end. On the other hand, as illustrated in  FIG. 4B , when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted onto the bottom surface side, a reflected light ray reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface is radiated out to the front surface side over a distance of L 1  from the end. By arranging the LED element  221  onto the bottom surface side in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223  as described above, the distance over which a light ray reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface is radiated out from the front surface side can be made short. This makes it possible to shorten the distance over which the end portion of the liquid crystal display unit  210  is covered with the housing  101   a  on the front surface side. As illustrated in  FIG. 4C , when the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface of the LED element  221  is shifted onto the front surface side, a reflected light ray reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface is radiated out to the front surface side over a distance of L 2  from the end. 
     A light ray radiated into the light conducting plate  223  is scattered on the forward-scattering particles  226  while the light ray passes through the light conducting plate  223 . However, the light ray is not easily diffused near its end portion where light is to be radiated into the light conducting plate  223 , so that the light ray goes straight. Accordingly, as illustrated in  FIGS. 4A to 4C , when the light-radiated-out angles from the LED element  221  are equal to each other, distances L, L 1  and L 2  over which a light ray radiated from the LED element  221  and then radiated into the side end surface of the light conducting plate  223  is reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface and then radiated out from the front surface side of the light conducting plate  223  satisfy the following: L 1 &lt;L&lt;L 2 . In other words, when the central axis A of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  is shifted onto the bottom surface side that is nearer to the reflective sheet  224  than the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223 , the distance over which light is reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface and then radiated out from the front surface side of the light conducting plate  223  can be made shorter. 
     Accordingly, in the end portion of the light conducting plate  223 , the length of an end region H of the light conducting plate  223 , which is a region for causing light to be evenly radiated into the liquid crystal display unit  210 , can be made short so that the frame region of the image display apparatus  100  can be made small. As a result, the whole of the image display apparatus  100  can be made small. 
     In this case, it is unnecessary to make the thickness of the light conducting plate  223  small. Therefore, the rigidity of the backlight source unit can be certainly kept so that an image display apparatus having impact resistance and vibration resistance can be realized. Furthermore, as the LED element  221 , a smaller LED element can be used; therefore, a large number of LED elements can be arranged for the image display size in the long side direction of the light conducting plate  223  of the image display apparatus  100 . For this reason, brightness can be ensured even when an input to each of the LED elements is decreased. In this case, a variable range of an input to each of the LED elements can be made large. Thus, the dynamic range of the brightness thereof can be made wide so that the image display apparatus is usable either indoors or outdoors. 
     Second Embodiment 
       FIG. 5  is a partial sectional view illustrating the structure of a backlight source unit of an image display apparatus according to a second embodiment. The image display apparatus according to the second embodiment has the same basic structure as the image display apparatus  100  described in the first embodiment while the apparatus is different from the first embodiment in LED-arrangement. Specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , in the second embodiment, the LED element  221  is arranged relatively to the middle surface A 2  between the front surface and the bottom surface of the light conducting plate  223  in such a manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221  in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223  are included into the front surface side of the light conducting plate  223 . This point is different. 
     In the image display apparatus according to the second embodiment, the LED element  221  is disposed on the front surface side of the light conducting plate  223 ; thus, the path length over which light is reflected on the reflective sheet  224  on the bottom surface side and then radiated out ahead becomes large. For this reason, light diffusion effect up to the time when light is radiated out ahead after the light is reflected on the reflective sheet  224  becomes large so as to produce an advantageous effect of canceling the so-called bright and dark phenomenon (firefly phenomenon), which is based on a matter that bright regions and dark regions are generated. 
     Third Embodiment 
       FIG. 6  is a partial sectional view illustrating the structure of a backlight source unit of an image display apparatus according to a third embodiment. The image display apparatus according to the third embodiment has the same basic structure as the image display apparatus  100  described in the first embodiment while the apparatus is different from the first embodiment in LED-arrangement. Specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , in the third embodiment, two tiers of an upper LED element  221   a  and a lower LED element  221   b  are arranged, as the LED element  221 , in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223 . In this case, the central axis A 1  of the light emitting surface B for light-radiation of the upper LED element  221   a  and the lower LED element  221  b is shifted from the middle surface A 2  in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223 . More specifically, the upper LED element  221   a  is arranged relatively to the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223  between the front surface and the bottom surface thereof in such a manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221   a  in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223  are included in the front surface side of the light conducting plate  223 . The lower LED element  221   b  is arranged relatively to the middle surface A 2  of the light conducting plate  223  between the front surface and the bottom surface thereof in such a manner that both end portions of the light emitting surface B of the LED element  221   b  in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223  are included in the bottom surface side of the light conducting plate  223 . 
     Additionally, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , in the third embodiment, the lower LED element  221   b  is jointed to an insulating plate  228  disposed on the same face where the substrate  227  of the reflective sheet  224  laid on the rear surface of the light conducting plate  223  is disposed. The upper LED element  221   a  is jointed to an insulating plate  228   a.  These insulating plates  228   a  and  228   b  are each jointed to a heat-radiating plate  232  having an opening  240  in a substantially U-shape, more specifically jointed to the opening  240  side of the plate  232 , through thermally-conductive double sided adhesive agents  230   a  and  230   b,  respectively. The heat-radiating plate  232  is made of metal material good in thermal conductivity, such as aluminum or copper, or the like. In its perpendicular region  232   b  having a substantially U-shape, heat-radiating fins  234  are formed. 
     In such a manner, in the third embodiment, the arrangement of the LED element  221  facing one of the end faces of the light conducting plate  223  is rendered an arrangement where two of upper and lower tiers are arranged in the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223 . Therefore, according to the third embodiment, a larger number of LED elements can be arranged to the single light conducting plate  223  than according to conventional embodiments. 
     Conventionally, for example,  36  LED elements are arranged along each of short sides of a liquid crystal panel having a display size of 10.4 inches, thereby setting the screen brightness to about 250 cd/mm 2 . However, according to the third embodiment, small LED elements giving a high power efficiency are used as LED elements  221 , and sixty of the small LED elements can be arranged as upper LED elements  221   a  and lower LED elements  221   b , respectively. In this case, only the upper LED elements  221   a  or only the lower LED elements  221   b  make it possible to realize at most a brightness of 1000 cd/mm 2 . The use of the upper LED elements  221   a  and the lower LED elements  221   b  at the same time makes it possible to realize at most a brightness of 2000 cd/mm 2 . 
     Therefore, according to the third embodiment, an image display apparatus giving a very wide dynamic brightness-range can be realized by controlling an input to each of the LED elements  221   a  and  221   b , controlling the upper LED elements  221   a  and the lower LED elements  221   b  separately, or controlling these in combination. For this reason, an information processing machine on which such an image display apparatus is mounted can be used freely in accordance with the brightness environment of indoors or the outdoors. Moreover, an information processing machine having a very high versatility and an improved portability can be realized. 
     In the third embodiment, the substantially U-shaped heat-radiating plate  232  is used as the heat-radiating plate for radiating heat from the LED element  221 , and the upper LED elements  221   a  and the lower LED elements  221   b  are arranged in the opening  240  in the plate  232 . Furthermore, the heat-radiating fins  234  for increasing the area for radiating heat to the outside are formed in the perpendicular region  232   b  of the heat-radiating plate  232 . Thus, heat generated from each of the LED elements can be effectively radiated, and the heat-radiating plate  232  can be formed in one unit to make it possible to heighten the cooling efficiency of each of the LED elements. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
       FIG. 7A  is a schematic plan view illustrating the arrangement of LED elements  221  of a backlight source of an image display apparatus according to a fourth embodiment. In  FIG. 7A , upper LED elements  221   a  and incident light rays  250  are represented by solid lines, the rays  250  being radiated out from the upper LED elements  221   a  and then radiated into the light conducting plate  223 . On the other hand, lower LED elements  221   b  and incident light rays  251  are represented by broken lines, the rays  251  being radiated out from the lower LED elements  221   b  and then radiated into the light conducting plate  223 .  FIG. 7B  is a plan view of a structure wherein LED elements of a backlight source unit of an image display apparatus are arranged on a line in the same plane. As illustrated in  FIG. 7A , in the image display apparatus according to the fourth embodiment, the LED elements  221  are arranged in the manner that the upper LED elements  221   a  and the lower LED elements  221   b  are alternately arranged when viewed from the thickness direction of the light conducting plate  223 . When viewed from one of the side end surfaces of the light conducting plate  223 , the upper LED elements  221  a and the lower LED elements  221   b  are arranged in a zigzag form. 
     As described in the first embodiment, light radiated into the light conducting plate  223  is scattered by the forward-scattering particles  226  while the light passes through the light conducting plate  223 ; however, near its end portion where light is to be radiated into the light conducting plate  223 , light is not easily diffused so as to go straight. Therefore, in a case where the LED elements  221  are arranged only on a line in the same plane as illustrated in  FIG. 7B , near the end portion where light is to be radiated into the light conducting plate  223 , there is caused a bright and dark phenomenon (firefly phenomenon) that bright regions E and dark regions F are generated in the distribution of the luminous intensity. In other words, the bright regions E, which are brighter than the other regions, are generated in the regions where light rays from any adjacent ones of the LED elements  221  overlap with each other. 
     Such a bright and dark phenomenon does not come to be generated in regions apart from the end portion of the light conducting plate  223  by a predetermined distance since light is diffused by the forward-scattering particles  226  arranged in the light conducting plate  223  so as to be dispersed. It is therefore necessary to make the frame region length of the image display apparatus  100  longer by the predetermined distance in order that the regions where the bright and dark phenomenon is generated may not be included in the effective display region of the image display apparatus. If this frame region length is made large, the effective display region unfavorably becomes small accordingly. 
     On the other hand, as illustrated in  FIG. 7A , in the fourth embodiment, the upper LED elements  221   a  and the lower LED elements  221   b  are alternately arranged relatively to the plane of the light conducting plate  223 . For this reason, the incident light rays  250  from the upper LED elements  221   a  and the incident light rays  251  from the lower LED elements  221   b  are overlapped with each other, and further the entire area is turned into a bright state by the light diffusing effect so that the generation of a bright and dark phenomenon (firefly phenomenon) can be restrained. 
     Accordingly, the bright and dark phenomenon based on the overlap of light rays is cancelled so that an image display apparatus giving an even luminous intensity distribution can be realized and the frame region length of the image display apparatus can also be made short. 
     The image display apparatus according to the present invention is a long-lifespan and small-sized image display apparatus that gives an adjustable brightness and realizes high brightness, and is useful as a portable image display apparatus for an information processing machine. 
     The present invention has been described in detail by way of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many preferred varied embodiments or modified embodiments can be made within a technical scope of the present invention defined in the claims appended in the following.