Patent Publication Number: US-2022213759-A1

Title: System and Method for Offline Cementing in Batch Drilling

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/830,163 filed on Apr. 5, 2019, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to oil and gas well drilling and production, and in particular, to a system and method for offline cementing in batch drilling. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Rigs are used to drive and rotate a drill string with a drilling bit attached at its end to create a well in the ground. The same rig is also used for a second purpose to place casing in the well to provide a conduit from the surface to the producing formation. After a well bore has been drilled and lined with casing, the usual practice is to cement the casing in place to protect ground water and the integrity and stability of the well. Conventional cementing techniques involve displacing cement slurry down through the bore of the casing and out a shoe on the bottom thereof so that the cement fills the annulus between the casing and the well bore wall. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of an example embodiment of a system for offline cementing in batch drilling according to the teachings of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 2 and 3  are cross-sectional views of an example embodiment of a well casing post-cementing according to the teachings of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of an example embodiment of a quick connector according to the teachings of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of a cementing setup; and 
         FIGS. 6 and 7  are illustrations of batch drilling rig setups. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Many techniques and tools have been developed to perform batch drilling. This methodology involves moving a rig to successive locations on the same pad site to drill multiple wells, as shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7 . Batch drilling enables the subsequent cementing process at each well to be performed “offline,” i.e., without the rig in place because it has moved to the next well site. By taking (surface/intermediate/production) casing cementing off of the critical path of the drilling rig, the overall cycle time is significantly reduced to realize cost savings. Currently, there is no intermediate casing mechanical barrier at surface during offline cementing operations as the rig is moved off of the well to resume batch drilling the next well. Therefore, there are significant health and safety risks to personnel when no barrier safeguards are provided at the surface. It is thus desirable to develop a new mechanical wellhead barrier that can quickly interface with the cement head when surface, intermediate and production casings are being installed that will be a standardized device for batch drilling and offline cementing operations. 
     To drill the well to surface, intermediate or production depth with the drilling rig, a blowout preventer (BOP) is installed on the wellhead. A BOP (not explicitly shown) is a valve assembly that encases the wellhead at the surface. It includes a series of valves, rams, and seals that restrict the pressurized wellbore fluid from breaching the well and getting to the surface. The BOP is typically left in place during the cementing process as the rig is moved away to the next well site. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , a casing hanger  10  is installed on the well casing support shoulder  12  or casing head. The casing hanger  10  is used to support surface or intermediate casing  14  that is inserted and dropped into the well. An isolation sleeve  16  is then installed on top of the casing hanger  10  and a lock ring  18  is engaged using a running tool  20 . The isolation sleeve  16 , also referred to as the cementing spool, includes a dummy hanger  22  that is in fluid communication with the casing hanger  10  and the casing  14  in the wellbore. The isolation sleeve/cementing spool  16  further has an inlet  24  and an outlet  26  that provides access to the bore annulus. Valves  28  and  30 , such as wing valves, are disposed at the cement inlet  24  and outlet  26  to control cement flow. The isolation sleeve/cementing spool  16  enables the cementing process to be performed offline by providing a pressure control interface at the wellhead. A TIW (ball-type) valve  32  is installed atop the isolation sleeve/cementing spool  16  with a quick connector  34  (see  FIG. 4 ) that enables the use of low torque drive screws  36  to quickly secure a conduit  35  to the cementing head (not explicitly shown) thereon to inject the cementing slurry down the well and up the annulus to affix the casing in place. 
     The quick connector  34  shown in  FIG. 4  is preferably a Weir® Quick Connector (WQC) or a quick connect BOP adapter, that is designed to provide a mechanism for connecting the BOP to the wellhead. This quick connector speeds up the process of connecting to the wellhead to provide a safer and more reliable way to provide a pressure-tight metal seal between critical service equipment. The body of the quick connector provides robust guidance onto the wellhead and simplifies this operation. 
       FIG. 5  is an illustration of an exemplary cementing setup. To perform offline cementing, the casing hanger  10  is placed in position on the support shoulder  12 . The isolation sleeve  12  is then landed on top of the casing hanger  10  and the lock ring is engaged. The TIW valve  32  is installed. Offline cementing proceeds. At the completion of the cementing process including the installation of the cement plug, the cementing head is removed, the TIW valve  32  is closed, and the blowout preventer (BOP) stack can be safely nippled down (taken apart and removed). Referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , after the cementing process is completed, the cementing spool/isolation sleeve  16  and cementing head are removed. A primary seal  40  is then installed and the lock ring  42  is engaged to secure the primary seal  40  in place. A back pressure valve (BPV)  44  is then installed in the casing hanger  10 . 
     Some of the desirable characteristics of the system described herein include: 1) provide a mechanical barrier at surface; 2) can be set and removed without use of the rig or wireline; 3) the ability to interface with, e.g., 5½″, 7⅝″, 8⅝″, 9⅝″, and 13⅜″ casings; 4) interface with offline cementing operations; and 5) ease of installation and removal resulting in time savings. 
     The drilling and cementing procedure according to the present disclosure can be generalized as follows: 
     1) Spudding: Drill a cellar up to the depth of 15 ft to provide a pathway for wellhead equipment and casing strings to be running pipe in the hole (RIH). 
     2) Drill another larger hole (Conductor hole) AND RIH conductor pipe through the cellar by hammering. 
     3) Use a pilot bit to drill smaller diameter of the hole so that the larger bit cannot get slippage. 
     4) 1st Stage: Continue the drilling further to the depth of surface casing (20″ O.D) and RIH surface casing with casing head housing (CHH). 
     5) Cement in place the surface casing. 
     6) 2nd Stage: Drilling continues to the depth of intermediate casing (13⅜ ″) and RIH intermediate casing. 
     7) Set Casing Head Spool (CHS) on Casing head housing and cement in place. Run casing hanger on CHS. 
     8) 3rd Stage: Continue the drilling process up to the depth of production casing (9⅝″) and run casing hanger. Cement the casing and RIH tubing hanger setting (THS) on CHS and perforate (optional: if required). 
     9) 4th Stage: Run tubing components and space out (pull out of the hole (POOH) the assembly to add the length of pipes i.e. adding spacers) to meet the required length of string. 
     10) Run tubing with tubing hanger on THS. 
     11) Set Packer. 
     12) Set BPV (Back Pressure Valve) on tubing hanger. 
     13) Remove the blowout preventer (BOP) and set X-mas tree. 
     14) Conduct TCP (Tubing Conveyed Perforation) if perforation not done. 
     The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth below with particularity in the appended claims. However, modifications, variations, and changes to the exemplary embodiments described above will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the system and method described herein thus encompasses such modifications, variations, and changes and are not limited to the specific embodiments described herein.