Patent Publication Number: US-10331027-B2

Title: Imprint apparatus, imprint system, and method of manufacturing article

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an imprint apparatus, an imprint system, and a method of manufacturing an article. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     An imprint technique is a technique of enabling the transfer of a nano-scale fine pattern and has been proposed by Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-98310 as a mass-production nanolithography technique for devices such as semiconductor devices and magnetic storage media. An imprint apparatus using an imprint technique cures a resin (imprint material) on a substrate while a mold on which a pattern is formed is in contact with the resin, and forms the pattern on the substrate by releasing the mold from the cured resin. In this case, as a resin curing method, a photo-curing method is generally used, which cures a resin by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet light. 
     When using an imprint apparatus, in order to maintain the performance of a device, it is necessary to accurately transfer a pattern on a mold onto a pattern (shot region) on a substrate. In this case, in general, the shape of the pattern on the mold is matched with the shape of the pattern on the substrate. For example, a correction mechanism which deforms the pattern on the mold by pushing and pulling its peripheral portion, that is, a correction mechanism which corrects the shape of a pattern is proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-504141. 
     In addition, the imprint apparatus generally uses die-by-die alignment as an alignment scheme between a mold and a substrate. Die-by-die alignment is an alignment scheme of correcting the displacement between a mold and a substrate by detecting marks provided on the mold and marks provided on the substrate for each shot region on the substrate. 
     A conventional imprint apparatus generally corrects the shape of a pattern on a mold by using the mark detection results obtained in die-by-die alignment. However, it is necessary to detect many marks to obtain the shape of a shot region on a substrate. It therefore requires much time for detection, leading to a reduction in the productivity of the imprint apparatus. In addition, the response speed of the correction mechanism for correcting the shape of a pattern is low, and hence there is a possibility that the shape of a mold cannot be completely corrected during die-by-die alignment. 
     In addition, there has been proposed a technique of obtaining the shape of a shot region of a substrate in advance. In this technique, the shape of a shot region within a substrate is represented by a fixed value (that is, the shape of each shot region is fixed to one shape). Alternatively, a shape at each shot position on each substrate is represented by a fixed value. This makes it impossible to cope with variations in shape among the respective shot regions within a substrate or among substrates, resulting in inability to sufficiently correct the shape of a pattern on a mold. Recently, with advances in microfabrication of devices, high overlay accuracy is required. As a result, such problems become especially conspicuous. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides an imprint apparatus advantageous in terms of overlay accuracy between a mold and a substrate and productivity. 
     According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an imprint apparatus which performs an imprint process for forming a pattern on an imprint material on a substrate using a mold, the apparatus including an obtaining unit configured to obtain each shape of a plurality of shot regions on the substrate before the mold and the shot region as an imprint target on the substrate face each other, a first correction unit configured to correct, for each shot region on the substrate, a shape difference between a pattern of the mold and the shot region, a measurement unit configured to measure a displacement between the pattern of the mold and the shot region on the substrate, a second correction unit configured to correct the displacement, and a control unit configured to control the imprint process, wherein the imprint process includes a first process of causing the first correction unit to correct the shape difference based on the shape obtained in advance by the obtaining unit, and a second process of causing the second correction unit to correct the displacement while the displacement is measured by the measurement unit. 
     Further aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a view showing an example of the arrangement of the shape correction unit of the imprint apparatus shown in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are views showing an example of mold-side marks provided on a mold and substrate-side marks provided on a substrate. 
         FIGS. 4A to 4E  are views showing the deviations between the pattern surface of a mold and a shot region of a substrate. 
         FIG. 5  is a view showing a sequence for a general imprint process. 
         FIG. 6  is a view showing a sequence for an imprint process according to this embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint system according to one aspect of the present invention. 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  are schematic views each showing an example of the arrangement of a measurement device in the imprint system shown in  FIG. 7 . 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  are views each showing an example of the layout of shot regions of a substrate. 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint system according to one aspect of the present invention. 
         FIG. 11  is a view showing an example of a chipped shot region near the edge of a substrate. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the same reference numerals denote the same members throughout the drawings, and a repetitive description thereof will not be given. 
     &lt;First Embodiment&gt; 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint apparatus  1  according to one aspect of the present invention. The imprint apparatus  1  forms a pattern on an imprint material on a substrate by using a mold. That is, this apparatus is a lithography apparatus which performs an imprint process of forming a pattern on a substrate by molding an imprint material on the substrate by using a mold. This embodiment uses, as a resin curing method, a photo-curing method of curing a resin by irradiating it with ultraviolet light. 
     The imprint apparatus  1  includes a mold holding unit  12  which holds a mold  11 , a substrate holding unit  14  which holds a substrate  13 , measurement units  15 , a shape correction unit  16 , and a control unit  17 . In addition, the imprint apparatus  1  includes a resin supply unit including a dispenser for supplying a resin onto a substrate, a bridge surface plate for holding the mold holding unit  12 , and a base surface plate for holding the substrate holding unit  14 . 
     The mold  11  has a rectangular outer shape and includes a pattern surface  11   a  on which a pattern (convex-concave pattern) to be transferred onto the substrate  13  (a resin on it) is formed. The mold  11  is formed from a material which transmits ultraviolet light for curing a resin on a substrate, for example, quartz. Mold-side marks  18  are formed on the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11 . 
     The mold holding unit  12  is a holding mechanism which holds the mold  11 . The mold holding unit  12  includes a mold chuck which vacuum-chucks or electrostatically chucks the mold  11 , a mold stage on which the mold chuck is mounted, and a driving system which drives (moves) the mold stage. This driving system drives the mold stage (that is, the mold  11 ) at least in the z-axis direction (the imprint direction in which the mold  11  is imprinted on a resin on a substrate). The driving system may have a function of driving the mold stage in the x-axis direction, the y-axis direction, and the θ (rotation about the z-axis) direction as well as the z-axis direction. 
     The substrate  13  is a substrate onto which a pattern on the mold  11  is transferred, and includes, for example, a single-crystal silicon substrate and an SOI (Silicon on Insulator) substrate. The resin supply unit supplies (applies) a resin to the substrate  13 . Substrate-side marks  19  are respectively formed on a plurality of shot regions of the substrate  13 . 
     The substrate holding unit  14  is a holding mechanism which holds the substrate  13 . The substrate holding unit  14  includes, for example, a substrate chuck which vacuum-chucks or electrostatically chucks the substrate  13 , a substrate stage on which the substrate chuck is mounted, and a driving system which drives (moves) the substrate stage. This driving system drives the substrate stage (that is, the substrate  13 ) at least in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction (the directions perpendicular to the imprint direction of the mold  11 ). The driving system may have a function of driving the substrate stage in the z-axis direction and the θ (rotation about the z-axis) direction as well as the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction. 
     Each measurement unit  15  includes a scope which optically detects (observes) each mold-side mark  18  provided on the mold  11  and a corresponding one of the substrate-side marks  19  provided on each of a plurality of shot regions of the substrate  13 . Each measurement unit  15  measures the relative positions (displacement) of the mold  11  and the substrate  13  based on the detection result obtained by this scope. Note however that each measurement unit  15  is required only to detect the relative positional relationship between each mold-side mark  18  and the corresponding substrate-side mark  19 . Each measurement unit  15  may therefore include a scope including an optical system for simultaneously capturing images of two marks or a scope which detects a signal reflecting a relative positional relationship such as an interference signal or moire originating from two marks. In addition, each measurement unit  15  may not be capable of simultaneously detecting each mold-side mark  18  and the corresponding substrate-side mark  19 . For example, each measurement unit  15  may obtain the positions of each mold-side mark  18 , arranged inside and corresponding to a reference position, and the corresponding substrate-side mark  19  to detect the relative positional relationship between the mold-side mark  18  and the substrate-side mark  19 . 
     The shape correction unit  16  functions as the first correction unit which corrects the difference in shape between a pattern on the mold  11  and each shot region of the substrate  13 . In this embodiment, the shape correction unit  16  corrects the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  by deforming the mold  11  (pattern surface  11   a ) by applying a force to the mold  11  in a direction parallel to the pattern surface  11   a . For example, as shown in  FIG. 2 , the shape correction unit  16  includes chuck units  16   a  which chuck the side surfaces of the mold  11  and actuators  16   b  which drive the chuck units  16   a  in a direction to move toward the side surfaces of the mold  11  and a direction to move away from the side surfaces of the mold  11 . Each chuck unit  16   a  may not have a function of chucking a side surface of the mold  11  and may be a contact member which comes into contact with a side surface of the mold  11 . Note however that the shape correction unit  16  may deform the pattern surface  11   a  by applying heat to the mold  11  and controlling the temperature of the mold  11 . In addition, in some case, the shape of a shot region of the substrate  13  (the pattern formed on the substrate  13 ) may be corrected by locally thermally expanding the substrate  13  by irradiating the substrate at a predetermined position with light having constant intensity instead of deforming the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11 . In this case, the imprint apparatus  1  includes a heat supply unit serving as a shape correction unit which supplies heat to the mold  11  or the substrate  13 . 
     The control unit  17  includes a CPU and a memory and controls the overall imprint apparatus  1  (the respective units of the imprint apparatus  1 ). In this embodiment, the control unit  17  controls the imprint process and related processes. For example, the control unit  17  performs alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  based on the measurement result obtained by the measurement unit  15  when performing the imprint process. In addition, when performing the imprint process, the control unit  17  controls the amount of deformation of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  by the shape correction unit  16 . 
     Each mold-side mark  18  and the corresponding substrate-side mark  19  serving as alignment marks used for alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  will be described with reference to  FIGS. 3A and 3B . Assume that in this embodiment, six chip regions are arranged in one shot region of the substrate  13 . 
       FIG. 3A  shows mold-side marks  18   a  to  18   h  provided on the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11 , more specifically, the four corners of the pattern surface  11   a . Referring to  FIG. 3A , the mold-side marks  18   a ,  18   b ,  18   e , and  18   f , each having a longitudinal direction in the horizontal direction, are marks each having a measurement direction in the x-axis direction. In contrast, the mold-side marks  18   c ,  18   d ,  18   g , and  18   h , each having a longitudinal direction in the vertical direction, are marks each having a measurement direction in the y-axis direction. In addition, referring to  FIG. 3A , the regions enclosed by the dotted lines indicate pattern regions  11   b  in which patterns to be respectively transferred onto the six chip regions of the substrate described above are formed. 
       FIG. 3B  shows substrate-side marks  19   a  to  19   h  provided on the periphery of one shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , more specifically, the four corners of the shot region  13   a . Referring to  FIG. 3B , the substrate-side marks  19   a ,  19   b ,  19   e , and  19   f , each having a longitudinal direction in the horizontal direction, are marks each having a measurement direction in the x-axis direction. In contrast, the substrate-side marks  19   c ,  19   d ,  19   g , and  19   h , each having a longitudinal direction in the vertical direction, are marks each having a measurement direction in the y-axis direction. In addition, referring to  FIG. 3B , the regions enclosed by the solid lines inside the shot region  13   a  are chip regions  13   b.    
     When the imprint process is to be performed, that is, the mold  11  is made to respectively come into contact with the resin of the substrate, the mold-side marks  18   a  to  18   h  provided on the mold  11  are made to come close to the substrate-side marks  19   a  to  19   h  provided on the substrate  13 . It is therefore possible to compare the position and shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  with those of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  by detecting the mold-side marks  18  and the substrate-side marks  19  using the measurement units  15 . If differences (deviations) occur between the position and shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and those of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , the overlay accuracy deteriorates, resulting in transfer failure (product failure) in the pattern. 
       FIGS. 4A to 4H  are views showing the deviations between the position and shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and those of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  (to be referred to as “the deviations between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a ” hereinafter). The deviations between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  include a shift, a magnification deviation, and a rotation. Detecting the displacement (displacement amount) of the mold-side mark  18  relative to the substrate-side mark  19  makes it possible to estimate that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a shift, a magnification deviation, or a rotation. 
       FIG. 4A  shows a case in which the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a shift. Detecting that each mold-side mark  18  deviates from the corresponding substrate-side mark  19  in one direction can estimate that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a shift. 
       FIG. 4B  shows a case in which the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a rotation. If the deviation direction of each mold-side mark  18  differs between the upper, lower, left, and right sides of the shot region  13   a  so as to draw a circle centered on a given point in the shot region, it can be estimated that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a rotation. 
       FIG. 4C  shows a case in which the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a magnification deviation. If it is detected that each mold-side mark  18  uniformly deviates inward or outward with respect to the center of the shot region  13   a , it can be estimated that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a magnification deviation. 
       FIG. 4D  shows a case in which the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a trapezoidal deviation. If it is detected that each mold-side mark  18  deviates inward or outward with respect to the center of the shot region  13   a  and the direction differs between the upper and lower sides or the left and right side of the shot region  13   a , it can be estimated that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a trapezoidal deviation. In addition, if it is detected that each mold-side mark  18  deviates inward or outward with respect to the center of the shot region  13   a  and the deviation amount differs between the upper and lower sides or the left and right side of the shot region  13   a , it can be estimated that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a trapezoidal deviation. 
       FIG. 4E  shows a case in which the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a twist. If it is detected that the deviation direction for each mold-side mark  18  differs between the upper and lower sides or the left and right sides of the shot region  13   a , it can be estimated that the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a twist. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 4C to 4E , if the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is a magnification deviation, trapezoidal deviation, twist, or the like, the control unit  17  causes the shape correction unit  16  to deform the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11 . Although not shown, even if the deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  is an arched deviation, barrel deviation, pincushion deviation, or the like, the control unit  17  causes the shape correction unit  16  to deform the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11 . More specifically, the control unit  17  controls the amount of deformation of the pattern surface  11   a  by the shape correction unit  16  so as to match the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  with the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . Depending on the type of deviation between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a , it is necessary to detect other alignment marks in addition to the alignment marks shown in  FIGS. 3A and 3B . Since the number of measurement units  15  which can be arranged in the imprint apparatus  1  is limited, the measurement units  15  can move to detect many alignment marks. The control unit  17  obtains in advance data representing the correspondence relationship between the driving amount of each actuator  16   b  (that is, the force applied to the mold  11 ) and the deformation amount of the pattern surface  11   a  and stores the data in a memory or the like. The control unit  17  calculates the deformation amount (the degree of deformation of the pattern surface  11   a ) which is required to match the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  with the shape of the shot region  13   a  based on the measurement result obtained by each measurement unit  15 . The control unit  17  then obtains the driving amount of each actuator  16   b  which corresponds to the calculated deformation amount of the pattern surface  11   a  from the data stored in the memory, and drives the actuator  16   b.    
     In this manner, the imprint apparatus  1  transfers a pattern on the mold  11  onto a resin on a substrate while correcting the alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  (shot region  13   a ) and the shape of the mold  11  (pattern surface  11   a ). 
       FIG. 5  is a view showing a sequence for a general imprint process including alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11 .  FIG. 5  separately shows, in the imprint process, the main process mainly associated with the operation of the mold  11  for the formation of a pattern on a substrate and the alignment process associated with alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . Note that in an imprint step, since the mold  11  is required to come into contact with the resin of the substrate, the substrate holding unit  14  holding the substrate  13  may be vertically driven. 
     In step S 51 , an imprint step is performed, in which the mold  11  is made to face the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target on the substrate  13 , and the mold  11  is brought into contact with the resin of the substrate. In step S 52 , a filling step is started, in which the pattern on the mold  11  is filled with the resin while the contact state between the mold  11  and the resin on the substrate is maintained. In the filling step, the resin interposed between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  is spread by being sandwiched between them and simultaneously fills the pattern on the mold  11 . 
     When the filling step starts, the measurement unit  15  starts, in step S 53 , to measure the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  and the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a . When simultaneously measuring alignment marks on the mold  11  and the substrate  13 , since the distance between the marks needs to be sufficiently small, measurement starts after the start of the filling step. Note that measurement by the measurement unit  15  may be started before the start of the filling step as long as the measurement unit  15  can detect alignment marks on the mold  11  and the substrate  13 . In step S 53 , since it is necessary to measure the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a , the measurement unit  15  needs to detect many mold-side marks  18  and substrate-side marks  19 . 
     In step S 54 , alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11  are started based on the measurement results obtained by the measurement units  15 . More specifically, while the measurement units  15  measure the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  is corrected by driving the mold stage and the substrate sage. In addition, while the measurement units  15  measure the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , the shape correction unit  16  corrects the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  by deforming the pattern surface  11   a.    
     The measurement unit  15  sequentially measures the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  and the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a . The measurement results are sequentially reflected in alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . 
     If the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  and the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  fall within an allowable range, alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11  are finished in step S 55 . In addition, in step S 56 , the measurement unit  15  finishes measuring the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  and the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a.    
     In step S 57 , a curing step is performed, in which while the mold  11  is in contact with the resin on the substrate, the resin supplied to the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target is cured by being irradiated with ultraviolet light through the mold  11 . 
     In step S 58 , a releasing step is performed, in which the mold stage is driven to release the mold  11  from the cured resin on the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . With this process, the pattern on the mold  11  is transferred onto the resin on the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and the pattern on the resin is formed on the shot region  13   a.    
     According to the sequence for the imprint process shown in  FIG. 5 , the filling step (step S 52 ) generally requires the most time, and hence determines productivity. If, however, high accuracy is required for overlaying between the mold  11  and the substrate  13 , alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11  (step S 54 ) require much time. In particular, since the response speed of the shape correction unit  16  is low, the correction of the shape of the mold  11  takes much time. On the other hand, the imprint apparatus is required to further improve productivity. Under the circumstances, this embodiment provides an imprint process which suppresses a deterioration in productivity even if the correction of the shape of the mold  11  takes much time. 
     Of the deviations between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a , the shift shown in  FIG. 4A  and the rotation shown in  FIG. 4B  can be corrected by relatively driving and rotating the mold  11  and the substrate  13 . For example, since the response speed of the substrate stage is high, it does not take much time to correct a shift and a rotation. In addition, it is not until the mold  11  is made to face the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target on the substrate  13  that a shift and a rotation can be detected in the imprint process, it is difficult to measure them in advance. 
     Of the deviations between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a , the magnification deviation shown in  FIG. 4C , the trapezoidal deviation shown in  FIG. 4D , and the twist shown in  FIG. 4E  are determined before the mold  11  is made to face the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target of the substrate  13 . It is therefore possible to measure a magnification deviation and a trapezoidal deviation in advance. As described above, since the response speed of the shape correction unit  16  is low, it takes much time to correct the shape of the mold  11 . For this reason, a magnification deviation, a trapezoidal deviation, a twist, and the like associated with the correction of the shape of the mold  11  are measured (obtained) in advance, and the shape of the mold  11  is corrected by using the pre-measurement results. In addition, alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  is performed concurrently with the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . 
     Note that a scheme of deforming the mold  11  is mainly explained as a scheme for correcting the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  in this embodiment. However, as mentioned above, a scheme for correcting the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  by deforming the substrate  13  is also proposed. Although a response speed of this scheme is comparatively high, it is necessary to measure sufficient number of alignment marks in order to measure the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  with accuracy (improve the shape correction). 
     In the imprint process, the measurement units for measuring large number of alignment marks are needed in order to measure the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  with accuracy in the state where the mold  11  is made to face the substrate  12 . In addition, when considering the sequence of the imprint process from which the productivity is required (performing the imprint step, filling step, curing step and releasing step at short times), it is difficult to measure the large number of alignment marks within the sequence of the imprint process. 
     Therefore, the response of the shape correction is also related, but the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  may be measured with efficient accuracy in order to improve the shape correction regardless of the scheme of the shape correction. 
       FIG. 6  is a view showing a sequence for an imprint process according to this embodiment.  FIG. 6  separately shows, in the imprint process, the main process associated with the operation for the formation of a pattern on a substrate and the alignment process associated with alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  and the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . In addition, in the embodiment, the alignment process is divided into the first process of correcting the difference in shape between a pattern on the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  and the second process of correcting the displacement between the pattern on the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . Note that since the imprint step in step S 61 , the filling step in step S 62 , the curing step in step S 67 , and the releasing step in step S 68  shown in  FIG. 6  are the same as those in steps S 51 , S 52 , S 57 , and S 58  in  FIG. 5 , a detailed description of them will be omitted. 
     The second process of correcting the displacement between the pattern on the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  will be described first. When the filling step starts, the measurement unit  15  starts to measure the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  in step S 63 . In step S 63 , it is not necessary to measure the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a , and it is necessary to measure only the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a . Therefore, the measurement unit  15  may detect the mold-side marks  18  and the substrate-side marks  19  of numbers smaller than those in step S 53 . This allows the measurement unit  15  to perform measurement in step S 63  in a time shorter than when performing measurement in step S 53 . In this embodiment, the measurement unit  15  mainly measures the shift shown in  FIG. 4A  and the rotation shown in  FIG. 4B  between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a.    
     In step S 64 , alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  starts based on the measurement result obtained by each measurement unit  15 . More specifically, while the measurement units  15  measure the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , the mold stage and the substrate state are driven to correct the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a . In this manner, the mold holding unit  12  including the mold stage and the substrate holding unit  14  including the substrate stage function as the second correction unit which corrects the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . The measurement unit  15  sequentially measures the displacements between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a . The measurement results are sequentially reflected in alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13 . 
     When the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  and the shot region  13   a  falls within an allowable range, the alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  is finished in step S 65 . In addition, in step S 66 , the measurement unit  15  finishes measuring the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a.    
     The first process of correcting the difference in shape between the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  will be described next. As described above, it is possible to measure in advance the shape of the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  without requiring to keep the mold  11  facing the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . For this reason, this embodiment provides an imprint system which measures the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  in advance by using a measurement device outside the imprint apparatus  1  before the substrate  13  is loaded into the imprint apparatus  1 . 
       FIG. 7  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint system  7  according to one aspect of the present invention. The imprint system  7  includes a plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  each configured to perform the imprint process of forming a pattern on a resin on a substrate by using the mold  11 , and a measurement device  700 . According to the related art, the substrate  13  is directly loaded into the imprint apparatus  1 . In contrast to this, according to this embodiment, before the substrate  13  is loaded into the imprint apparatus  1 , the substrate  13  is loaded into the measurement device  700 . The measurement device  700  measures the shape of each of a plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and sends the measurement results as shot shape information to the control unit  17 . In addition, the substrates  13  having the shot regions  13   a  whose shapes are measured by the measurement device  700  are sequentially loaded into the imprint apparatuses  1 . Note that  FIG. 7  shows one of the control units  17  of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  as a main control unit which controls each corresponding one of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1 . Note however that this system may be provided with a main control unit which controls each of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  in addition to the control units  17  of the respective imprint apparatuses  1 . 
       FIGS. 8A and 8B  are schematic views showing an example of the arrangement of the measurement device  700  in the imprint system  7 . The measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8A  uses the same measurement method as that used by the measurement unit  15  in the imprint apparatus  1 , that is, die-by-die alignment measurement. The measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8A  includes a measurement instrument  715 , a reference plate  720 , and a holding unit  712  which holds the reference plate  720 . The reference plate  720  is a plate member as a reference for the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and has a reference plate-side mark  721  at a position corresponding to the substrate-side mark  19  provided on the substrate  13 . The measurement instrument  715  optically detects (observes) each reference plate-side mark  721  and the corresponding substrate-side mark  19 , and measures the shape of each shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  like that shown in  FIGS. 4A to 4E . In this embodiment, the measurement instrument  715  detects the substrate-side marks  19  provided on the four corners of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . However, it is possible to increase the number of substrate-side marks  19  as detection targets in accordance with the components of the shape of the shot region  13   a  as a measurement target. For example, if the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  has a arched shape, barrel shape, or pincushion shape, it is necessary to detect not only the substrate-side marks  19  provided on the four corners of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  but also other substrate-side marks  19 . 
     The measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  includes a measurement instrument  722  and an interferometer  723 . The measurement instrument  722  has measurement accuracy higher than that of the measurement unit  15  in the imprint apparatus  1 . The measurement instrument  722  includes an image sensor and sequentially detects the substrate-side marks  19  provided on the substrate  13  by absolute position measurement with reference to the image sensor. In the imprint apparatus  1 , the measurement unit  15  needs to be compact because of spatial restriction and the like. On the other hand, the measurement device  700  allows the formation of the measurement instrument  722  having high measurement accuracy because of relatively moderate spatial restriction. The measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  does not require the reference plate  720  to be relatively compared with the substrate-side mark  19 , unlike the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8A . However, the positional accuracy of the substrate holding unit  14  (substrate stage) influences the measurement accuracy of the measurement instrument  722 . For this reason, the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  is provided with the interferometer  723  which accurately measures the position of the substrate holding unit  14 . The measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  can measure various components of the shape of the shot region  13   a  by sequentially detecting the necessary number of substrate-side marks  19  within a time limit. In addition, the measurement device  700  may be provided with a plurality of measurement instruments  722  to shorten the time required to measure the shape of the shot region  13   a . Alternatively, the detection field of the measurement instrument  722  may be broadened to simultaneously detect a plurality of substrate-side marks  19 . 
     Referring back to  FIG. 6 , in step S 69 , the control unit  17  obtains shot shape information from the measurement device  700 . In this manner, the control unit  17  functions as an obtaining unit which obtains shot shape information, that is, the shape of each of a plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 . 
     In step S 70 , correction of the shape of the mold  11  is started to be performed based on the shot shape information obtained in advance by the control unit  17 . More specifically, the control unit  17  causes the shape correction unit  16  to correct the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target of the substrate  13  based on the shape of each shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  obtained in advance by the control unit  17 . In this case, the difference in shape between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  as an imprint target of the substrate  13  includes at least one of the magnification deviation shown in  FIG. 4C , the trapezoidal deviation shown in  FIG. 4D , and the twist shown in  FIG. 4E . 
     This embodiment can correct the shape of the mold  11  based on the shot shape information obtained in advance, and hence it is possible to start to correct the shape of the mold  11  after the releasing step with respect to the previous shot region. It is therefore possible to ensure a sufficient time for the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . 
     In addition, measuring (obtaining) variations in rotation for each array or shot region within a plane of the substrate  13  can reduce the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  at the start of measurement by the measurement unit  15  in step S 63 . When the mold  11  or the substrate  13  is moved while the mold  11  is in contact with the resin on the substrate, a shearing force acts to cause distortion of the mold  11 . It is therefore preferable to minimize the movement amount of the mold  11  or the substrate  13  when performing alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13 . 
     In addition, the frequency of measuring the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  is determined in accordance with required overlay accuracy. For example, if the differences in shape among the shot regions  13   a  of the substrates in a lot are sufficiently small, the shapes of the shot regions of only the first substrate in the lot may be measured. In contrast, if the differences in shape among the shot regions  13   a  among the substrates in a lot cannot be neglected, it is necessary to measure the shapes of the shot regions of all the substrate in the lot. 
     In addition, the number of shot regions  13   a  whose shapes are to be measured may be adjusted within a substrate in consideration of productivity. If it is possible to ensure a sufficient time for measurement, the shapes of all the shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  may be measured. This makes it possible to obtain the actual shapes of all the shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 . In contrast, if it is not possible to ensure a sufficient time for measurement, the shapes of some shot regions (for example, the shapes of every several shot regions) of all the shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  may be measured. In this case, the shapes of the remaining shot regions of all the shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  can be obtained from the measured shapes of the some shot regions. If, for example, the shapes of the respective shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  linearly change with respect to the positions of the respective shot regions  13   a , the shapes of the remaining shot regions may be obtained by performing least-square approximation of the measured shapes of the some shot regions. If the shapes of the respective shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  do not linearly change with respect to the positions of the respective shot regions  13   a , the shapes of the remaining shot regions may be obtained by weighted averaging of the measured shapes of the some shot regions. 
       FIG. 9A  is a view showing an example of the layout of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . Referring to  FIG. 9A , the shot regions indicated by the oblique lines represent shot regions whose shapes are measured, and the shot regions in white represent shot regions whose shapes are not measured. In general, the shapes of the respective shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  continuously change. Therefore, the shape of a shot region Sb whose shape is not measured can be considered to continuously change from the shapes of shot regions Sc, Sd, Se, and Sf around the shot region Sb. It is therefore possible to obtain (predict) the shape of the shot region Sb, whose shape is not measured, by averaging the measured shapes of the shot regions Sc, Sd, Se, and Sf. 
       FIG. 9B  is a view showing an example of the layout of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 9B , the shot regions indicated by the oblique lines represent shot regions whose shapes are measured, and the shot regions in white represent shot regions whose shapes are not measured. In  FIG. 9B  as well, the shapes of the respective shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  are considered to continuously change, and the shapes of the shot regions whose shapes are not measured are obtained from the measured shapes of the shot regions. For example, the shape of a shot region Sh is the average of the shapes of a shot region Sj and a shot region Sk, but is more similar to the shape of the shot region Sj. More specifically, the influence of the shot region Sk on the shot region Sh is ½ that of the shot region Sj on the shot region Sh in consideration of the distances among the shot regions. In this manner, the degree of influence is proportional to the reciprocal of the distance between shot regions. It is therefore possible to obtain the shape of the shot region Sh by weighed averaging, as follows: 
     
       
         
           
             
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     In a similar manner, the shape of the shot region Si can be obtained as follows: 
     
       
         
           
             
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     The shape of a shot region S 1  can be obtained by weighted averaging of the shapes of four shot regions Sj, Sk, Sm, and Sn. The distances from the shot regions Sj, Sk, Sm, and Sn to the shot region S 1  are 1.2, 2, 1, and 1.2, respectively. Therefore, the shape of the shot region S 1  can be obtained as follows: 
     
       
         
           
             
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     How much shot regions whose shapes are measured should be considered for shot regions whose shapes are not measured may be determined in accordance with an actual substrate. 
     In this embodiment, die-by-die alignment measurement is assumed as the measurement of the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  by the measurement unit  15  (step S 63 ). However, this is not exhaustive. The same effects can also be obtained by so-called global alignment measurement, that is, performing statistical operation processing by measuring representative shot regions of the shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and performing alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  based on the processing result. 
     As described above, this embodiment controls the imprint process so as to start the first process before the mold  11  is made to face the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  and to start the second process after the mold  11  is made to face the shot region  13   a . This makes it possible to take time to correct the shape of the mold  11  and sufficiently correct the shape of the mold  11  while suppressing a deterioration in productivity, thereby achieving high overlay accuracy. 
     In addition, the imprint process may be controlled to concurrently perform parts of the first process and the second process or to start the first process while relatively moving the mold  11  and the substrate  13  to make the mold  11  face the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . This makes it possible to take more time for the correction of the shape of the mold  11 . 
     In addition, in the second process, it is preferable to correct the displacement between the pattern surface  11   a  of the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  in consideration of also the displacement between the pattern on the mold  11  and the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  which is caused by the first process. This makes it possible to shorten the time required for alignment between the mold  11  and the substrate  13  even if parts of the first process and the second process are performed concurrently. 
     In addition, it is preferable to obtain shot shape information, that is, the shape of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 , for each substrate loaded into the imprint apparatus  1 . This makes it possible to sufficiently correct the shape of the mold  11  even with variations in shape among the respective shot regions within a substrate. 
     Furthermore, in this embodiment, the measurement device  700  outside the imprint apparatus  1  measures the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  in advance. Note however that the measurement unit  15  of the imprint apparatus  1  may measure the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13  in advance before the start of the imprint process. 
     &lt;Second Embodiment&gt; 
       FIG. 10  is a schematic view showing the arrangement of an imprint system  10  according to one aspect of the present invention. The imprint system  10  includes a plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  each configured to perform the imprint process of forming a pattern on a resin on a substrate by using a mold  11 . Note that  FIG. 10  shows one of control units  17  of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  as a main control unit which controls each corresponding one of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1 . Note however that this system may be provided with a main control unit which controls each of the plurality of imprint apparatuses  1  in addition to the control units  17  of the respective imprint apparatuses  1 . 
     It is pointed out that an imprint apparatus is lower in productivity than an exposure apparatus because it takes time to perform a filling step, as described above. Under these circumstances, there is proposed a technique of forming a cluster of a plurality of imprint apparatuses and simultaneously performing the imprint process with respect to a plurality of substrates. According to this technique, since the imprint apparatuses can share some units, it is possible to reduce the total area occupied by the apparatuses and improve productivity per unit area. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 10 , the imprint system  10  includes four imprint apparatuses  1 . At least one of the fourth imprint apparatuses  1 , the lower right imprint apparatus  1  in this embodiment, has a function of measuring the shape of each of a plurality of shot regions  13   a  of a substrate  13 . Such a function may be implemented by a measurement unit  15  or by having the measurement device  700  shown in  FIGS. 8A and 8B . 
     According to the related art, the substrates  13  loaded into the imprint system  10  are directly loaded into the respective imprint apparatuses  1 , and the imprint process is performed. In contrast to this, according to this embodiment, the substrate  13  is loaded first into the imprint apparatus  1  having a function of measuring the shape of each of a plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 . The imprint apparatus  1  measures the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and sends the measurement results as shot shape information to the control unit  17 . The substrates  13  with the shape of each shot region  13   a  being measured are sequentially loaded into the remaining imprint apparatuses  1 . The remaining imprint apparatuses  1  into which the substrates  13  are loaded perform the imprint process according to the sequence shown in  FIG. 6 . 
     In this embodiment, only one imprint apparatus  1  has the function of measuring the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 . However, this is not exhaustive. For example, each of the four imprint apparatuses  1  may have the function of measuring the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 , and the number of imprint apparatuses  1  used for the measurement of the shape of each shot region  13   a  may be increased/decreased (changed) in accordance with a recipe or the state of the imprint process. 
     More specifically, when measuring the shape of the shot regions of only the first substrate in a lot, there is not much necessity to use such functions of measuring the shapes of shot regions. As shown in  FIG. 10 , therefore, only one imprint apparatus  1  may have the function of measuring the shapes of shot regions. In addition, the above imprint apparatus  1  may directly perform the imprint process after measuring the first substrate in a lot. In contrast, when the shot regions of all the substrates are to be measured, imprint apparatuses to be used to measure the shapes of shot regions may be determined in accordance with the productivity of each imprint apparatus or the throughput of the function of measuring the shapes of shot regions. 
     The shape (unique amount) of the shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13  has been described so far. If, however, for example, the distortion caused when the substrate stage holds the substrate  13  is large, some consideration must be given to such distortion. In this embodiment, since the substrate  13  is transferred inside the imprint system  10 , it is possible to measure the shape of the shot region  13   a  while the substrate stage holds the substrate  13  and transfer (so-called chuck transfer) each substrate to a corresponding one of the imprint apparatuses  1  in this state. It is therefore possible to measure the shape of the shot region  13   a , including the distortion caused when the substrate stage holds the substrate  13 . This makes it possible to more accurately correct the shape of the mold  11 . 
     &lt;Third Embodiment&gt; 
     Conventionally, a measurement unit  15  of an imprint apparatus  1  performs the condition setting operation of detecting mold-side marks  18  and substrate-side marks  19  while changing measurement conditions and determining optimal measurement conditions based on the detection results. In this case, since it is sometimes impossible to detect the substrate-side marks  19  because of foreign substances and transfer failure or processing failure in a process before the imprint process, a search is made for marks which can be detected (that is, measurement targets). As described above, measurement conditions include, for example, at least one of the light amount/wavelength of light illuminating the mold-side marks  18  and the substrate-side marks  19  and the substrate-side mark  19  as a measurement target. 
     Note however that if the measurement unit  15  takes much time for measurement, the productivity of the imprint apparatus  1  greatly deteriorates. In this embodiment, therefore, when measuring the shape of each of a plurality of shot regions  13   a  of a substrate  13  in advance, optimal measurement conditions are introduced to further shorten the time taken for measurement by the measurement unit  15 . 
     A measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8A  uses a measurement method similar to that used by the measurement unit  15  of the imprint apparatus  1  (that is, has a similar arrangement). Therefore, the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8A  can determine measurement conditions set for the measurement unit  15  in the second process based on the mark information obtained by detecting the substrate-side mark  19  when measuring the shape of each of the plurality of shot regions  13   a  of the substrate  13 . In this case, mark information includes, for example, at least one of contrast, information indicating the deformation of the mark, and information indicating an abnormality in the mark. 
     In contrast, the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  uses a measurement method different from that used by the measurement unit  15  of the imprint apparatus  1 . In such a case, it may be sufficient to obtain in advance the relationship between the measurement conditions set for the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  and the measurement conditions set for the measurement unit  15 , that is, the relationship for conversion from the measurement conditions set for the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  to the measurement conditions set for the measurement unit  15 . Measurement conditions for the measurement unit  15  may be determined in the second process based on such a relationship and the mark information obtained by detecting the substrate-side mark  19  when measuring the shape of each shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . 
     In addition, as described above, it can be determined in advance whether each substrate-side mark  19  can be detected by the measurement unit  15 . For example, in order to improve yield, the imprint apparatus  1  needs to perform the imprint process with respect to even a chipped shot region near an edge of the substrate  13  so as to obtain several chips from even the chipped shot region.  FIG. 11  is a view showing an example of a chipped shot region near an edge of the substrate  13 . Referring to  FIG. 11 , nine chip regions are arranged in one shot region of the substrate  13 , and the substrate-side marks  19  are provided on the four corners of each chip region. When obtaining a rotation as the deviation between the mold  11  and the substrate  13 , it is necessary to detect a plurality of substrate-side marks  19  separate from each other, and hence the substrate-side marks  19  on the periphery may be detected. Note however that, as shown in  FIG. 11 , if it is not possible to detect the substrate-side marks  19  on the periphery, other substrate-side marks  19  near the periphery may be selected based on the mark information obtained by detecting the substrate-side marks  19  when measuring the shape of each shot region  13   a  of the substrate  13 . Selecting in advance the substrate-side marks  19  which can be detected by the measurement unit  15  in this manner can suppress a deterioration in the productivity of the imprint apparatus  1 . 
     In addition, the measurement device  700  shown in  FIG. 8B  can detect, with high sensitivity, a measurement error caused by irregularity or distortion of the substrate-side mark  19  which occurs during a process, a so-called WIS (Wafer Induced Shift). It is also possible to obtain in advance the relationship between the asymmetry property of the mark signals obtained by detecting the substrate-side marks  19  and a measurement error (error amount) and add an offset to a measurement result based on the obtained relationship. If the WIS is considerably large, the substrate-side marks  19  as measurement targets may be selected (changed) to detect other substrate-side marks  19 . In addition, since the WIS continuously changes within a plane of the substrate  13 , it is possible to predict the shape of each shot region by weighed averaging of the measured shapes of shot regions, as described in the first embodiment. 
     &lt;Fourth Embodiment&gt; 
     A method of manufacturing a device (a semiconductor device, magnetic storage medium, liquid crystal display device, or the like) as an article will be described. This manufacturing method includes a process of forming a pattern on a substrate (a wafer, glass plate, film-like substrate, or the like) by using an imprint apparatus  1  or an imprint system  7  or  10 . The manufacturing method further includes a process of processing the substrate on which the pattern is formed. The steps in this process can include a step of removing a residual film of the pattern. In addition, the steps can include other known steps such as a step of etching a substrate by using the pattern as a mask. The method of manufacturing an article according to the embodiment is more advantageous than the related art in terms of at least one of the performance and quality of an article, productivity, and a production cost. 
     While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions. 
     This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-187031 filed on Sep. 12, 2014, and Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-160957 filed on Aug. 18, 2015, which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.