Patent Publication Number: US-2022232977-A1

Title: Reference image holder

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application claims the priority benefit of U.S. Nonprovisional patent application Ser. No. 16/864,168, filed on May 1, 2020, which claims the priority benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/920,469, filed on May 2, 2019, which are both incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to implementations of a reference image holder. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Artists often use reference images to help them make paintings or other artwork. A reference image can help an artist gain useful information, such as spatial relationships, colors, and forms, that can inform or inspire the artist for making a painting or other artwork. For example, a reference image may be a photograph, a drawing, or another painting that an artist can view and study. 
     To use a reference image while making a painting or other artwork, artists usually have to hold the reference image by hand, such as shown in  FIG. 1A , or prop the reference image against an object, such as shown in  FIG. 1B . However, there does not exist a convenient tool that allows an artist to use a reference image while making a painting or other artwork, such as to hold and move around the reference image for viewing and studying by the artist. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1A and 1B  illustrate example existing ways of holding a reference image. 
         FIG. 2  is an environmental, perspective view of an implementation or embodiment of a reference image holder according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is an environmental, perspective view of another implementation or embodiment of a reference image holder according to the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is an environmental, exploded, perspective view of the reference image holder of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 5  is an environmental, side view of the reference image holder of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 6  is an environmental, front view of the reference image holder of  FIG. 3 ; and 
         FIG. 7  is an environmental, top view of the reference image holder of  FIG. 3 . 
     
    
    
     It should be understood that the above-attached figures are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Implementations of a reference image holder are provided. In some implementations, the reference image holder comprises a base, a pole, a first arm, and a second arm. In some implementations, the reference image holder may further comprise a light source. In some implementations, the reference image holder may further comprise one or more speakers. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to allow an artist to conveniently hold a reference image hands-free to use the reference image while making a painting or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to allow the artist to conveniently move around the reference image, such as to various viewing positions, locations, orientations, etc., while making a painting or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to hold a reference image for an artist to use for making a painting or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to move a reference image held by the reference image holder to a desired location and/or position for viewing, studying, and/or otherwise using by an artist while making a painting or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to illuminate a reference image held by the reference image holder to allow an artist to view, study, and/or otherwise use the reference image while making a painting or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to be portable. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder is configured to be positioned on a surface, such as a floor or a tabletop. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder may be configured to hold a reference image for use by painters, sculptors, architects, tattoo artists, and/or other visual artists. 
     In some implementations, a method for using the reference image holder comprises positioning the reference image holder on a surface, such as a tabletop or floor, attaching a reference image to the reference image holder for a user, such as an artist, to use the reference image, and using the reference image to make a painting or other artwork while held by the reference image holder. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1A and 1B , artists often use reference images  10  to help them make paintings  20  or other artwork. A reference image  10  can help an artist gain useful information, such as spatial relationships, colors, and forms, that can inform and/or inspire the artist for making a painting  20  or other artwork. For example, a reference image  10  may be a photograph, a drawing, a painting, or other visual object that an artist can view, study, or otherwise utilize for making a painting  20  or other artwork. 
       FIGS. 1A and 1B  illustrate example existing ways of holding a reference image  10 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 1A , artists usually have to hold a reference image  10  by hand to use the reference image  10  while making a painting  20  or other artwork. As shown in  FIG. 1B , artists may alternately have to prop a reference image  10  against an object  30  to use the reference image  10  while making a painting  20  or other artwork. Such existing ways do not allow artists to conveniently hold (e.g., hands-free) and move around (e.g., to various viewing positions, locations, orientations, etc.) a reference image  10  while making a painting  20  or other artwork. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an implementation of an example reference image holder  100  according to the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  comprises a base  110 , a pole  120 , a first arm  130 , and a second arm  140 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may further comprise a light source  150 . In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may further comprise one or more speakers  160 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may further comprise any other suitable components and/or accessories. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  may be any suitable shape that allows the base  110  to support the reference image holder  100  for use. For example, in some implementations, the base  110  may be at least generally rectangular prism shaped. In some implementations, the base  110  may be at least generally cylindrical or disk shaped. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  may be an at least generally elongated shape. In some implementations, the base  110  may be any other suitable shape. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  may be any suitable size that allows the base  110  to support the reference image holder  100  for use. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  may have any other suitable features that allow the base  110  to support the reference image holder  100  for use. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the base  110  may further comprise one or more wheels  112 . For example, in some implementations, the base  110  may comprise four wheels  112 . In some implementations, the base  110  may comprise less than four wheels  112 . In some implementations, the base  110  may comprise more than four wheels  112 . 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to one or more bottom sides or downward facing surfaces of the base  110 . In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to one or more sides or sideward facing surfaces of the base  110 . In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to one or more of any other suitable sides or surfaces of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached at least partly concealed or recessed within the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to the base  110  such that the wheels  112  can swivel or otherwise move at the attachment to the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to the base  110  such that the wheels  112  can swivel to allow the reference image holder  100  to be moved or turned on the wheels  112  in various directions. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the wheels  112  may be attached to the base  110  such that the respective wheel(s)  112  are fixed or otherwise not moveable at the attachment to the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached at any other suitable location of the base  110 . In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to the base  110  in any other suitable configuration. In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attached to the base  110  in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be attachable to the base  110 . In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be removable from the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be any suitable type of wheels. In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be any suitable shape of wheels. In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be any suitable configuration of wheels. 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  are configured to allow the reference image holder  100  to be moved around on the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the wheels  112  are configured to allow the reference image holder  100  to be moved around on a table (e.g., a tabletop), floor, or other surface. 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  are configured to allow the reference image holder  100  to be moved when a user pushes, pulls, or otherwise moves the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the wheels  112  are configured to not allow the reference image holder  100  to move when the user does not push, pull, or otherwise move the reference image holder  100 . 
     For example, in some implementations, the wheels  112  may be configured to brake, lock, or otherwise not move to keep the reference image holder  100  in a position when not being moved. In some implementations, the wheels  112  may include a brake or locking mechanism that allows the wheels  112  to not move to keep the reference image holder  100  in a position when not being moved. 
     In some implementations, the wheels  112  may comprise any other suitable feature or configuration that allows the wheels  112  to not move to keep the reference image holder  100  in a position when not being moved by a user. In some implementations, the wheels  112  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the base  110  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  to stand on any suitable surface, such as a tabletop or floor. For example, in some implementations, the base  110  may be similar to a pedestal, stand, or other support. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  to stand on the surface to use the reference image holder  100  to hold a reference image  10 , as described below. 
     In some implementations, the base  110  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  to move around on the surface to use the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the base  110  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  to move around on the wheels  112  on the surface to use the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the base  110  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the pole  120  is at least generally elongated. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be any suitable at least generally elongated shape that allows the pole  120  to extend upward (or vertically) from the base  110  and support the reference image holder  100  for use. For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  may be at least generally elongated and cylindrical shaped. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be at least generally elongated and rectangular prism shaped. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be any other suitable at least generally elongated shape. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be any other suitable shape. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be any suitable size that allows the pole  120  to extend upward from the base  110  and support the reference image holder  100  for use. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may have any other suitable features that allow the pole  120  to extend upward from the base  110  and support the reference image holder  100  for use. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the pole  120  is attached or connected to the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  is attached to a top or upward facing surface or portion of the base  110 . In some implementations, the pole  120  may be attached to any other suitable part of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be attached to the top surface or other suitable part of the base  110  at any suitable position. For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  may be attached to an at least generally centered position of the top surface or other suitable part of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  is attached to the base  110  at the bottom or distal end of the pole  120 . In some implementations, the pole  120  may be attached to the base  110  at any other suitable part of the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be removably attached to the base  110  such that the pole  120  can be removed and reattached to the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  extends at least generally upward (or vertically) from the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  extends at least generally perpendicular from the attachment to the upward facing surface or portion of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  extends at least generally upward from the base  110  when the base  110  is positioned on an at least generally horizontal surface, such as a tabletop or floor. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may extend in any other suitable way from the attachment to the base  110  such that the pole  120  extends at least generally upward from the base  110 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the pole  120  is configured to extend upward from the base  110  and support the reference image holder  100  for use. In some implementations, the pole  120  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  for use with the base  110  positioned on a tabletop, floor, or other suitable surface. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  is configured to support the reference image holder  100  to use the reference image holder  100  to hold a reference image  10 , as described below. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to be adjustable. For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to be adjustable in length. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be so adjustable such that the length and/or height of the reference image holder  100  is adjustable. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be so adjustable such that the height of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100  can be adjusted. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be so adjustable such that the height of the reference image  10  above the base  110  and/or the supporting surface of the reference image holder  100 , such as a tabletop or floor, is adjustable. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be so adjustable by being telescopingly configured. For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  may comprise two or more sections that are telescopingly configured such that the sections can be extended apart and retracted together. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be telescopingly configured in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to be adjustable in length in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to be adjustable in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to be moveable in any suitable way, such as similar to the first arm  130  and/or the second arm  140  described below. 
     In some implementations, the pole  120  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the first arm  130  is at least generally elongated. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be any suitable at least generally elongated shape that allows the first arm  130  to extend or moveably extend from the pole  120  for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  may be at least generally elongated and cylindrical shaped. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be at least generally elongated and rectangular prism shaped. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be any other suitable at least generally elongated shape. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be any other suitable shape. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be any suitable size that allows the first arm  130  to extend or moveably extend from the pole  120  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may have any other suitable features that allow the first arm  130  to extend or moveably extend from the pole  120  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the first arm  130  is attached to the pole  120 . For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  is attached to the top or distal end of the pole  120 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  is attached to the pole  120  opposite the attachment of the pole  120  to the base  110 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to any other suitable part of the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to the pole  120  at least generally midway along the length of the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to the pole  120  at any other suitable position along the length (i.e., between the lengthwise ends) of the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to the pole  120  at one end of the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to the pole  120  at any other suitable position of the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be adjustably or repositionably attached to the pole  120  such that the position of the first arm  130  that is attached to the pole  120  can be adjusted or otherwise changed. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be attached to the pole  120  in any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be removably attached to the pole  120  such that the first arm  130  can be removed and reattached to the pole  120 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the first arm  130  extends from the pole  120 . For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  may extend at least generally horizontally from the attachment to the pole  120 , which as described above extends at least generally vertically from the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  moveably extends from the pole  120 . For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  is attached to and extends from the pole  120  such that first arm  130  is moveable by a user in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be moveable at least generally vertically, e.g. upward and/or downward, from the attachment to the pole  120 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be moveable at least generally horizontally, e.g. leftward and/or rightward, from the attachment to the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be moveable at least generally diagonally, e.g. partly vertically and partly horizontally, from the attachment to the pole  120 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be moveable in any other suitable directions from the attachment to the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may extend from the pole  120  in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may moveably extend from the pole  120  in any other suitable way. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the first arm  130  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, such as described above. In some implementations, the first arm  130  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions from the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120 . For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  is configured to be at least generally rigid, and the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  is configured to allow the first arm  130  to be moveable in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  may comprise a hinge configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  may comprise a ball and socket joint configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  may comprise a universal joint configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     Alternately, in some implementations, the attachment of the first arm  130  to the pole  120  may be configured to be at least generally rigid, and the first arm  130  may be configured to be at least generally bendable or otherwise flexible to allow the first arm  130  to be moveable in one or more directions. For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  may comprise a flexible and/or gooseneck arm configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the first arm  130  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, as described above, to adjust the height or vertical positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the horizontal positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the orientation, such as the tilt or viewing angle, of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust any other suitable positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be adjustable. For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be adjustable in length. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be so adjustable such that the positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100  is adjustable, such as described above. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be so adjustable by being telescopingly configured. For example, in some implementations, the first arm  130  may comprise two or more sections that are telescopingly configured such that the sections can be extended apart and retracted together. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be telescopingly configured in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be adjustable in length in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to be adjustable in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the second arm  140  comprises an attachment mechanism  142 , as described below. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the second arm  140  is at least generally elongated. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be any suitable at least generally elongated shape that allows the second arm  140  to extend or moveably extend from the first arm  130  for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may be at least generally elongated and cylindrical shaped. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be at least generally elongated and rectangular prism shaped. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be any other suitable at least generally elongated shape. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be any other suitable shape. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be any suitable size that allows the second arm  140  to extend or moveably extend from the first arm  130  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may have any other suitable features that allow the second arm  140  to extend or moveably extend from the first arm  130  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the second arm  140  is attached to the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may be attached to the first arm  130  at least generally midway along the length of the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be attached to the first arm  130  at any other suitable position along the length (i.e., between the lengthwise ends) of the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  is attached to the first arm  130  at one end of the second arm  140 . In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be attached to the first arm  130  at any other suitable part of the second arm  140 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be adjustably or repositionably attached to the first arm  130  such that the position at which the second arm  140  is attached to the first arm  130  can be adjusted or otherwise changed. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be attached to the first arm  130  in any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be removably attached to the first arm  130  such that the second arm  140  can be removed and reattached to the first arm  130 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the second arm  140  extends from the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may extend at least generally horizontally from the attachment to the first arm  130 , which as described above extends from the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  moveably extends from the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  is attached to and extends from the first arm  130  such that second arm  140  is moveable by a user in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be moveable at least generally vertically, e.g. upward and/or downward, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be moveable at least generally horizontally, e.g. leftward and/or rightward, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be moveable at least generally diagonally, e.g. partly vertically and partly horizontally, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be moveable in any other suitable directions from the attachment to the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may extend from the first arm  130  in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may moveably extend from the first arm  130  in any other suitable way. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the second arm  140  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, such as described above. In some implementations, the second arm  140  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions from the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  is configured to be at least generally rigid, and the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  is configured to allow the second arm  140  to be moveable in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  may comprise a hinge configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  may comprise a ball and socket joint configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  may comprise a universal joint configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     Alternately, in some implementations, the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  may be configured to be at least generally rigid, and the second arm  140  may be configured to be at least generally bendable or otherwise flexible to allow the second arm  140  to be moveable in one or more directions. For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may comprise a flexible and/or gooseneck arm configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the second arm  140  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  comprises one or more components that are configured to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more clips. In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more components that are at least generally similar to a binder clip. 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more components that are at least generally similar to a paper clamp. In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more components that are at least generally similar to a clipboard clamp. In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more components that are at least generally similar to an easel clamp. 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may comprise one or more of any other suitable component(s) that allows a user to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may have any suitable shape that allows a user to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may have any suitable size that allows a user to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may have any other suitable configuration that allows a user to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  is attached, connected, or otherwise extends from the second arm  140 . For example, in some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be attached to the second arm  140  at least generally midway along the length of the second arm  140 . In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be attached to the second arm  140  at any other suitable position along the length (i.e., between the lengthwise ends) of the second arm  140 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may extend at least partly along the length of the second arm  140  such that the second arm has a configuration of a paper clamping (or paper holding) blade, bracket, or similar component. 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be attached to the second arm  140  at any suitable part of the attachment mechanism  142 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be moveably attached to the second arm  140 , such that the attachment mechanism  142  can be moved in any suitable direction for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be adjustably or repositionably attached to the second arm  140  such that the position at which the attachment mechanism  142  is attached to the second arm  140  can be adjusted or otherwise changed. In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be attached to the second arm  140  in any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be removably attached to the second arm  140  such that the attachment mechanism  142  can be removed and reattached to the second arm  140 . 
     In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be attached to the second arm  140  in any other suitable way and/or configuration such that a user can removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  by the attachment mechanism  142  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  is configured to removably attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  for use of the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the attachment mechanism  142  may be configured to attach a reference image  10  to the second arm  140  in any other suitable way for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, as described above, to adjust the positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the horizontal positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the height or vertical positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the orientation, such as the tilt or viewing angle, of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust any other suitable positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be adjustable. For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be adjustable in length. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be so adjustable such that the positioning of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100  is adjustable, such as described above. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be so adjustable by being telescopingly configured. For example, in some implementations, the second arm  140  may comprise two or more sections that are telescopingly configured such that the sections can be extended apart and retracted together. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be telescopingly configured in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be adjustable in length in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to be adjustable in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise any suitable component(s) that can be attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100  and provide illumination (lighting) for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise a light-emitting diode (LED) light source. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise a fluorescent light source. In some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise an incandescent light source. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise any other suitable type of light source. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may have any suitable shape such that the light source  150  can be attached to the reference image holder  100  and provide lighting for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may at least generally rectangular prism shaped. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be at least generally cylindrical or disk shaped. In some implementations, the light source  150  may be an at least generally elongated shape. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be any suitable size such that the light source  150  can be attached to the reference image holder  100  and provide lighting for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may be sized such that the light source  150  can provide a desirable and/or acceptable (e.g., by industry standard or other determination) lighting of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may have any other suitable configuration that allows the light source  150  to provide lighting for use of the reference image holder  100  with the light source  150  attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100 , such as described below. In some implementations, the light source  150  may have any other suitable features that allows the light source  150  to provide such lighting. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the light source  150  is attached to the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the light source  150  may be attached to the first arm  130  at any suitable position of the first arm  130 . 
     For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may be attached to the first arm  130  at any suitable position along the length (i.e., between the lengthwise ends) of the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the light source  150  may be attached to the first arm  130  at either lengthwise end of the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be so attached to the first arm  130  at least generally adjacent to the attachment of the second arm  140  to the first arm  130  as described above. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be attached to the first arm  130  at any suitable part of the light source  150 , such as an end or other part of the light source  150   
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be adjustably or repositionably attached to the first arm  130  such that the position at which the light source  150  is attached to the first arm  130  can be adjusted or otherwise changed. In some implementations, the light source  150  may be attached to the first arm  130  in any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be removably attached to the first arm  130  such that the light source  150  can be removed and reattached to the first arm  130 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the light source  150  extends from the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may extend at least generally horizontally from the attachment to the first arm  130 , which as described above extends from the pole  120 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  moveably extends from the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  is attached to and extends from the first arm  130  such that light source  150  is moveable by a user in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be moveable at least generally vertically, e.g. upward and/or downward, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the light source  150  may be moveable at least generally horizontally, e.g. leftward and/or rightward, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be moveable at least generally diagonally, e.g. partly vertically and partly horizontally, from the attachment to the first arm  130 . In some implementations, the light source  150  may be moveable in any other suitable directions from the attachment to the first arm  130 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may extend from the first arm  130  in any other suitable way. In some implementations, the light source  150  may moveably extend from the first arm  130  in any other suitable way. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, such as described above. In some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions from the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to be at least generally rigid, and the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  is configured to allow the light source  150  to be moveable in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  may comprise a hinge configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  may comprise a ball and socket joint configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  may comprise a universal joint configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. In some implementations, the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     Alternately, in some implementations, the attachment of the light source  150  to the first arm  130  may be configured to be at least generally rigid, and the light source  150  may be configured to be at least generally bendable or otherwise flexible to allow the light source  150  to be moveable in one or more directions. For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise a flexible and/or gooseneck arm configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise any other suitable configuration and/or mechanism configured to allow the light source  150  to swivel, rotate, or otherwise move in one or more directions. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to be attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100 , such as described above. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to provide illumination (lighting) of a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be turned on and off. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be dimmed and brightened (e.g., dimmable). 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be powered by a portable power source. For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be powered by a rechargeable or replaceable battery power source. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be powered by a solar powered source. In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be powered by any other suitable power source. 
     In some implementations, such power source for the light source  150  may be integrated to the light source  150 . In some implementations, such power source for the light source  150  may be attached or otherwise integrated to the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may also or alternately be configured to be powered by a wired (e.g., wall socket plug-in) power source. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  is configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, as described above, to adjust the positioning of the light source  150  to illuminate a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the horizontal positioning of the light source  150 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the height or vertical positioning of the light source  150 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust the orientation, such as the tilt or angle, of the light source  150  for use of the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions to adjust any other suitable positioning of the light source  150  for use of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be further moveable by being telescopingly configured. For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may comprise (e.g., may be attached or otherwise integrated to) two or more sections that are telescopingly configured such that the sections can be extended apart and retracted together. In some implementations, the light source  150  may be telescopingly configured in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to be moveable as described above to also allow the light source  150  to be positioned respective to any suitable component of the reference image holder  100  for use of the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the light source  150  may be so configured to allow the light source  150  to be positioned above or otherwise respective to the second arm  140  to illuminate a reference image  10  held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the light source  150  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may comprise any suitable speakers that can be attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100  and provide an audio output (e.g., music, dialogue, etc.), such as while using the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may comprise portable wireless speakers. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may comprise any other suitable type of speakers. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may have any suitable shape such that the speakers  160  can be attached to the reference image holder  100  and provide audio output, such as while using the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may at least generally rectangular prism shaped. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be at least generally cylindrical or disk shaped. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be any suitable size such that the speakers  160  can be attached to the reference image holder  100  and provide audio output, such as while using the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be sized such that the speakers  160  can be attached to the base  110  or other suitable part of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may have any other suitable configuration that allows the speakers  160  to provide audio output, such as while using the reference image holder  100 , with the speakers  160  attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100 , such as described below. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may have any other suitable features that allows the speakers  160  to provide such audio output. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110 . In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  at any suitable position of the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  on any suitable surface of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  such that the speakers  160  are at least partly concealed. For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  in a downward facing cavity of the base  110 . In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  within an interior portion of the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be moveably attached to the base  110  such that the speakers  160  can be moved in one or more directions by a user to position the speakers  160  accordingly, similar to as described above for other parts of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be adjustably or repositionably attached to the base  110  such that the position at which the speakers  160  are attached to the base  110  can be adjusted or otherwise changed. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be removably attached to the base  110  such that the speakers  160  can be removed and reattached to the base  110 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  or other part of the reference image holder  100  in any suitable way. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to the base  110  or other part of the reference image holder  100  in any suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be attached to any other suitable component of the reference image holder  100  in a same or similar way as described with respect to the base  110 . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may alternately or additionally be attached to the pole  120 , the first arm  130 , and/or the second arm  140 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  are configured to be attached (or otherwise connected or integrated) to the reference image holder  100 , such as described above. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  are configured to provide an audio output, such as music, dialogue, etc., such as while using the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  are configured to be wireless. For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be wirelessly connected to audio source by Bluetooth or Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) signal technology. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be alternately or additionally be configured to be wired. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to connect to an audio source in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be turned on and off. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be adjusted. For example, in some implementations, the output volume or other suitable audio output quality of the speakers  160  may be adjustable. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be powered by a portable power source. For example, in some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be powered by a rechargeable or replaceable battery power source. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be powered by a solar powered source. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be powered by any other suitable power source. 
     In some implementations, such power source for the speakers  160  may be integrated to the speakers  160 . In some implementations, such power source for the speakers  160  may be attached or otherwise integrated to the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may also or alternately be configured to be powered by a wired (e.g., wall socket plug-in) power source. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be moveable by a user in one or more directions, as described above, to adjust the positioning of the speakers  160 , such as to direct the audio output from the speakers  160 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to be moveable in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be configured to provide any other suitable features of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, one or more of the above described components of the reference image holder  100  may be integrated together as a single or continuous component. For example, in some implementations, the pole  120  and the first arm  130  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component. 
     In some implementations, the first arm  130  and the second arm  140  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component. In some implementations, the pole  120 , the first arm  130 , and the second arm  140  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component. 
     In some implementations, the second arm  140  and the attachment mechanism  142  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component. In some implementations, the base  110  and the wheels  112  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component. 
     In some implementations, any other suitable combination, permutation, etc. of the components of the reference image holder  100  may be integrated together to have the combined features described above for each component, which will be understood by one skilled in the art in accordance with the present disclosure. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to allow an artist to conveniently hold and move around a reference image  10  while making a painting  20  or other artwork. For example, in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to allow an artist to hold a reference image  10  hands-free and without having to prop the reference image  10  against an object  30 , such as described above for  FIGS. 1A and 1B . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to allow an artist to move around the reference image  10  to various viewing positions, locations, orientations, etc., such as by the base  110 , wheels  112 , pole  120 , first arm  130 , and/or second arm  140  described above for  FIG. 2 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to hold a reference image  10 , such as by the second arm  140  and/or the attachment mechanism  142  described above for  FIG. 2 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to move a reference image  10 , such as by the base  110 , wheels  112 , pole  120 , first arm  130 , and/or second arm  140  described above for  FIG. 2 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to illuminate a reference image  10 , such as by the light source  150  described above for  FIG. 2 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to hold a reference image  10  in place for an artist to use for making a painting  20  or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to move a reference image  10  to a desired location and/or position for viewing by an artist while making a painting  20  or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to be portable. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is configured to be positioned on a surface, such as a floor or a tabletop. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may be configured such that reference image holder  100  can be used various users who may use a reference image  10 . For example, in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may be configured to be used by painters, sculptors, and/or architects. In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may be configured to be used by other visual artists and/or tattoo artists. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  comprises any suitable dimensions. For example, in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is sized to allow a user to use the reference image holder  100  to hold a reference image  10  with the reference image holder  100  positioned on a floor, tabletop, or other surface. 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is composed of any suitable materials. For example, in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may be composed of steel or metal. In some implementations, some parts of the reference image holder  100  may be composed of plastic, such as the base  110  and/or the wheels  112 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  can have any suitable appearance. For example, in some implementations, the reference image holder  100  may be one or more different colors. 
     In some implementations, an example method of using the reference image holder  100 , with respect to the above-described FIGs., comprises positioning the reference image holder  100  on a surface, such as a tabletop or floor. In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is positioned on (and supported upon) the surface by the base  110  and/or the wheels  112 . 
     In some implementations, the method comprises attaching a reference image  10  to the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the reference image  10  is attached to hold the reference image  10  for a user, such as an artist, to use to make a painting  20  or other artwork. In some implementations, the reference image  10  is attached to the second arm  140  of the reference image holder  100  by the attachment mechanism  142 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image may be a photograph, a drawing, a painting, or other visual object that the user can view, study, or otherwise utilize for making a painting  20  or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the method further comprises using the reference image  10  while attached and held by the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, a user, such as an artist, views, studies, or otherwise uses the reference image  10  to make a painting  20  or other artwork. 
     In some implementations, the method may further comprise positioning the reference image  10  by the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the reference image  10  is positioned by moving the reference image holder  100  to one or more positions on a surface, such as a floor or tabletop. 
     In some implementations, the reference image  10  is positioned by adjusting or otherwise moving the position of the reference image  10  by the reference image holder  100 . For example, in some implementations, the height or vertical positioning of the reference image  10  is adjusted. In some implementations, the horizontal positioning of the reference image  10  is adjusted. 
     In some implementations, the orientation, such as the tilt or viewing angle, of the reference image  10  is adjusted. In some implementations, any other suitable positioning of the reference image  10  is adjusted. 
     In some implementations, the position of the reference image  10  is positioned/moved to allow the user to better view or otherwise utilize the reference image  10  while held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image holder  100  is moved to position the reference image  10  by using the base  110  and/or wheels  120  of the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the position of the reference image  10  is positioned/moved by moving or otherwise adjusting the pole  120 , the first arm  130 , and/or the second  140  of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the method may further comprise illuminating (lighting) the reference image  10  by the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the reference image  10  is illuminated to allow the user to better view or otherwise utilize the reference image  10  while held by the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the reference image  10  is illuminated by the light source  150  of the reference image holder  100 . In some implementations, the light source  150  positioned/moved to illuminate the reference image  10 , such as described above to position/move other components  120 ,  130 ,  140  of the reference image holder  100 . 
     In some implementations, the method may further comprise using the speakers  160  of the reference image holder  100  to output audio such as music or dialogue. In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be used to audibly provide information and/or entertainment by such audio output from the speakers  160 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  160  may be used while the reference image holder  100  is used to hold a reference image  10 . 
     As another non-limiting implementation or embodiment and as shown in  FIGS. 3-7 , the reference image holder  200  may include or comprise some or all of the following components: a base  210 , a pole  220 , a gooseneck section  230 , at least one height adjuster collet  240 , a handle  250 , magnet strips  260 , an interchangeable reference bar  270 , music control(s)  280 , an LED and power button  290 , and USB port or connector  295 . 
     The pole  220  includes a first end  222 , a second end  224 , and a body  226 , and extends upwardly from the base  210 . 
     The gooseneck section  230  is preferably flexible to bend and/or swivel to different positions and is preferably a rubber gooseneck section. 
     The handle  250  holds images, subject, or composition for the visual artist or tattoo artist, and preferably includes LED light(s) built in. The LED light(s) provides extra illumination in or for the room. 
     The magnet strips  260  snap or are secured to the interchangeable reference bar  270 . 
     The music control(s) or control system  280  helps to provide music through speaker(s) and speaker holes  285 . As a non-limiting example, a Bluetooth speaker may be included to provide music, such as. but not limited to, inspirational music. 
     The LED and power button  290  can be activated or deactivated by a user to turn the LED light(s) on or off. 
     The USB port or connector  295  is adapted for receiving an end of a cell phone charging cable and the like, and is also adapted for providing power to a cell phone or another electronic device. 
     The figures, including photographs and drawings, comprised herewith may represent one or more implementations of the reference image holder. 
     Details shown in the figures, such as dimensions, descriptions, etc., are exemplary, and there may be implementations of other suitable details according to the present disclosure. 
     Reference throughout this specification to “an embodiment” or “implementation” or words of similar import means that a particular described feature, structure, or characteristic is comprised in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the phrase “in some implementations” or a phrase of similar import in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. 
     Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. 
     The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided for a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that embodiments of the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations may not be shown or described in detail. 
     While operations may be depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. 
     It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above or as shown in the attached figures, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the spirit of the invention.