Patent Publication Number: US-2019189673-A1

Title: Active matrix substrate, and x-ray imaging panel including same

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an active matrix substrate, and an X-ray imaging panel including the same. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Conventionally, a photoelectric conversion device has been known that includes an active matrix substrate provided with photoelectric conversion elements each of which is connected with a switching element in each pixel. Patent Document 1 discloses such a photoelectric conversion device. This photoelectric conversion device includes thin film transistors as switching elements, and includes photodiodes as photoelectric conversion elements. In the photodiode, a p-type semiconductor layer, an i-type semiconductor layer, and an n-type semiconductor layer are used as semiconductor layers, and electrodes are connected to the p-type semiconductor layer and the n-type semiconductor layer, respectively. The photodiode is covered with a resin film made of an epoxy resin. 
     PRIOR ART DOCUMENT 
     Patent Document 
     Patent Document 1: JP-A-2007-165865 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Problem to be Solved by the Invention 
     Incidentally, after an imaging panel is produced, a surface of the imaging panel is scarred in some cases. If moisture in the atmosphere gets in the inside through scars of the imaging panel surface, leakage current in semiconductor layers of photodiodes tends to flow in between electrodes. More specifically, for example, in the imaging panel illustrated in  FIG. 27A , moisture gets in the inside through a scar J of the imaging panel surface, moisture permeates the resin film  22  on the photodiode  12 .  FIG. 27B  is an enlarged view illustrating a part of a broken line frame  210  illustrated in  FIG. 27A . As illustrated in  FIG. 27B , the photodiode  12  is covered with an inorganic film  21 , but in step-like parts of end portions of a semiconductor layer  122  and an electrode  121   a  in the photodiode  12 , the inorganic film  21  tends to be discontinuous. If moisture permeates the resin film  22 , and moisture gets in the inside through a part  2101  where the inorganic film  21  is discontinuous, the inorganic film  21  becomes a leakage path through which leakage current of the semiconductor layer  122  flows, and leakage current flows between the electrodes  121   a  and  121   b  (see  FIG. 27A ). When leakage current flows between the electrodes  121   a  and  121   b , X-ray detection accuracy decreases. 
     The present invention provides a technique that enables to prevent decreases in the detection accuracy caused by leakage current of photoelectric conversion elements. 
     Means to Solve the Problem 
     An active matrix substrate of the present invention that solves the above-described problem is an active matrix substrate having a plurality of pixels, wherein each of the pixels includes: a switching element; a photoelectric conversion element including a pair of electrodes connected with the switching element, and a semiconductor layer provided between the pair of electrodes; an inorganic film covering a surface of the photoelectric conversion element; and an organic resin film covering the inorganic film, wherein the inorganic film includes a first inorganic film, and a second inorganic film provided in a layer different from that of the first inorganic film, the first inorganic film is provided in contact with at least a side surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and the second inorganic film is provided so as to be in contact with at least a part of the first inorganic film and cover the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element. 
     Effect of the Invention 
     The present invention makes it possible to prevent decreases in the detection accuracy caused by leakage current of photoelectric conversion elements. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  schematically illustrates an X-ray imaging device in Embodiment 1. 
         FIG. 2  schematically illustrates a schematic configuration of an active matrix substrate in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is an enlarged plan view illustrating a part of a pixel part of the active matrix substrate illustrated in  FIG. 2  in which pixels are provided. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the pixel part illustrated in  FIG. 3  taken along line A-A. 
         FIG. 5A  is a view for explaining a step for producing the pixel part illustrated in  FIG. 4 , which is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a TFT is formed in the pixel part. 
         FIG. 5B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a first insulating film. 
         FIG. 5C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the first insulating film. 
         FIG. 5D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a second insulating film. 
         FIG. 5E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a contact hole CH 1 . 
         FIG. 5F  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a lower electrode. 
         FIG. 5G  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an upper electrode. 
         FIG. 5H  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a photoelectric conversion layer. 
         FIG. 5I  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5J  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 3a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5K  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5L  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5M  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5N  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 3b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5O  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5P  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 5Q  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a metal film that becomes a bias line. 
         FIG. 5R  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming the bias line. 
         FIG. 5S  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a transparent conductive film connecting the bias line and the photoelectric conversion layer illustrated in  FIG. 5R . 
         FIG. 5T  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a fifth insulating film. 
         FIG. 5U  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a sixth insulating film. 
         FIG. 6  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in Embodiment 2. 
         FIG. 7A  is a view for explaining a step for producing the pixel part illustrated in  FIG. 6 , which is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning a 3a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 7B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 7C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 7B . 
         FIG. 7D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 7E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 7D . 
         FIG. 8  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in Embodiment 3. 
         FIG. 9A  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning a 3a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 9C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 9B . 
         FIG. 9D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 9E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 9D . 
         FIG. 10  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in Embodiment 4. 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning a 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 10 . 
         FIG. 12  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in Embodiment 5. 
         FIG. 13A  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 13B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 13A . 
         FIG. 13C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 12 . 
         FIG. 13D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 3a-th insulating film and the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 13C . 
         FIG. 13E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 13F  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 14  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in Embodiment 6. 
         FIG. 15  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step for patterning the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 14 . 
         FIG. 16  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part according to Embodiment 7 (7-1). 
         FIG. 17A  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 16 . 
         FIG. 17B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 17A . 
         FIG. 18  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part according to Embodiment 7 (7-2). 
         FIG. 19A  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 18 . 
         FIG. 19B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 19A . 
         FIG. 20  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part according to Embodiment 7 (7-3). 
         FIG. 21  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of the pixel part that is different from that illustrated in  FIG. 20 . 
         FIG. 22  illustrates the relationship between the thickness and the transmittance of an inorganic insulating film. 
         FIG. 23  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in (1) according to Modification Example 1. 
         FIG. 24A  is a view for explaining a step of forming the pixel part illustrated in  FIG. 23 , which is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 23 . 
         FIG. 24B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 23 . 
         FIG. 24C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 3b-th insulating film and the 3a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 24B . 
         FIG. 24D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a 4b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 23 . 
         FIG. 24E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming an opening in the 4b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 24D . 
         FIG. 25  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part of a pixel part in (2) according to Modification Example 1. 
         FIG. 26A  is a view for explaining a step of forming the pixel part illustrated in  FIG. 25 , which is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming a metal film as a lower electrode, and a resist used for forming the lower electrode. 
         FIG. 26B  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a metal film illustrated in  FIG. 26A  is etched. 
         FIG. 26C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the resist illustrated in  FIG. 26B  is removed and a lower electrode is formed. 
         FIG. 26D  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming the 4a-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 25 , and forming an opening in the 4a-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 26E  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of forming the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 25 , and forming an opening in the 3a-th insulating film and the 3b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 26F  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a 4b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 25  on the 3b-th insulating film illustrated in  FIG. 26E , and forming an opening in the 4b-th insulating film. 
         FIG. 27A  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary structure of a conventional active matrix substrate used in an X-ray imaging device. 
         FIG. 278B  is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a part in a broken line frame  210  illustrated in  FIG. 27A . 
     
    
    
     MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     An active matrix substrate according to one embodiment of the present invention is an active matrix substrate having a plurality of pixels, wherein each of the pixels includes: a switching element; a photoelectric conversion element including a pair of electrodes connected with the switching element, and a semiconductor layer provided between the pair of electrodes; an inorganic film covering a surface of the photoelectric conversion element; and an organic resin film covering the inorganic film, wherein the inorganic film includes a first inorganic film, and a second inorganic film provided in a layer different from that of the first inorganic film, the first inorganic film is provided in contact with at least a side surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and the second inorganic film is provided so as to be in contact with at least a part of the first inorganic film and cover the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element (the first configuration). 
     According to the first configuration, the first inorganic film is provided in contact with the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and further, the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element is covered with the second inorganic film provided in contact with the first inorganic film. Therefore, in a case where the first inorganic film covering the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element has a discontinuous part, even if moisture permeates the organic resin film, the second inorganic film makes it unlikely that moisture would get in the inside the first inorganic film. As a result, it is unlikely that the first inorganic film would serves as a leakage path for leakage current of the photoelectric conversion element, whereby light detection accuracy hardly decreases. 
     The first configuration may be further characterized in that either the first inorganic film or the second inorganic film is arranged so as to be in contact with one of the pair of electrodes (the second configuration). 
     With the second configuration, one of the electrodes of the photoelectric conversion element can be protected by either the first inorganic film or the second inorganic film. 
     The first configuration may be further characterized in that the first inorganic film is arranged so as to be in contact with one of the pair of electrodes, and the second inorganic film is arranged so as to overlap with the one of the electrodes with the first inorganic film being interposed therebetween (the third configuration). 
     According to the third configuration, one of the electrodes of the photoelectric conversion element is covered with the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film. Accordingly, as compared with a case of being covered with either one of the inorganic films, the electrode can be protected more surely. 
     Any one of the first to third configurations may be further characterized in that the organic resin film includes a first organic resin film, and a second organic resin film provided in a layer different from that of the first organic resin film; the first organic resin film is provided between the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film, so as to overlap with the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element when viewed in a plan view; and the second organic resin film is provided so as to cover the second inorganic film (the fourth configuration). 
     According to the fourth configuration, the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element is covered with the first inorganic film, the second organic resin film, and the second inorganic film. Therefore, as compared with a case where the second organic resin film is not provided, the permeation of moisture into the second inorganic film can be prevented further. 
     The fourth configuration may be further characterized in that the first inorganic film and the first organic resin film of each pixel is positioned apart from the first inorganic film and the first organic resin film of another adjacent pixel, respectively (the fifth configuration). 
     According to the fifth configuration, the first inorganic film and the first organic resin film are arranged so as to be divided and separated between adjacent pixels. In a case where moisture gets in the inside of the first inorganic film and the second organic resin film at a certain pixel, if there is a discontinuous part in the first inorganic film covering the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element of the pixel, moisture gets into the discontinuous part, thereby causing the first inorganic film to become a leakage path. The first inorganic film and the first organic resin film, however, are divided and separated between the pixels, whereby the leakage path does not extend to another adjacent pixel. 
     The first or second configuration may be further characterized in that the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film overlap with each other at the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and the organic resin film is arranged so as to cover the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film (the sixth configuration). 
     According to the sixth configuration, the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element is covered with the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film. Even though the first inorganic film covering the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element has a discontinuous part, when moisture permeates the organic resin film, it is therefore unlikely that moisture would get in the discontinuous part and a leakage path would be formed in the first inorganic film. 
     Any one of the first to sixth configurations may be further characterized in that each of the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film has a thickness of an integer multiple of 150 nm (the seventh configuration). 
     With the seventh configuration, the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photoelectric conversion element can be improved. 
     An X-ray imaging panel according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: the active matrix substrate according to any one of the first to seventh configurations; and a scintillator that converts irradiated X-rays into scintillation light (the eighth configuration). 
     According to the eighth configuration, the first inorganic film is provided in contact with the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element, and further, the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element is covered with the second inorganic film provided in contact with the first inorganic film. Therefore, in a case where the first inorganic film covering the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element has a discontinuous part, even if moisture penetrates through the organic resin film covering the first inorganic film and the second inorganic film, the second inorganic film makes it unlikely that moisture would get in the inside the first inorganic film. As a result, it is unlikely that the first inorganic film would serves as a leakage path for leakage current of the photoelectric conversion element, whereby X-ray detection accuracy hardly decreases. 
     The following description describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, while referring to the drawings. Identical or equivalent parts in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the descriptions of the same are not repeated. 
     Embodiment 1 
     (Configuration) 
       FIG. 1  schematically illustrates an X-ray imaging device to which an active matrix substrate of the present embodiment is applied. The X-ray imaging device  100  includes an active matrix substrate  1  and a control unit  2 . The control unit  2  includes a gate control unit  2 A and a signal reading unit  2 B. X-rays are emitted from an X-ray source  3  to an object S. X-rays transmitted through the object S are converted into fluorescence (hereinafter referred to as scintillation light) by a scintillator  4  provided on the active matrix substrate  1 . The X-ray imaging device  100  obtains an X-ray image by picking up scintillation light with use of the active matrix substrate  1  and the control unit  2 . 
       FIG. 2  schematically illustrates a schematic configuration of the active matrix substrate  1 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , a plurality of source lines  10 , and a plurality of gate lines  11  that intersect with the source lines  10 , are formed on the active matrix substrate  1 . The gate lines  11  are connected with the gate control unit  2 A, and the source lines  10  are connected with the signal reading unit  2 B. 
     The active matrix substrate  1  includes TFTs  13  connected to the source lines  10  and the gate lines  11 , at positions where the source lines  10  and the gate lines  11  intersect. Further, in areas surrounded by the source lines  10  and the gate lines  11  (hereinafter referred to as pixels), photodiodes  12  are provided, respectively. In each pixel, the photodiode  12  converts scintillation light obtained by converting X-rays transmitted through the object S, into charges in accordance with the amount of the light. 
     The gate lines  11  on the active matrix substrate  1  are sequentially switched by the gate control unit  2 A into a selected state, and the TFT  13  connected to the gate line  11  in the selected state is turned ON. When the TFT  13  is turned ON, a signal according to the charges obtained by conversion in the photodiode  12  is output to the signal reading unit  2 B through the source line  10 . 
       FIG. 3  is an enlarged plan view illustrating a part of a pixel part of the active matrix substrate  1  illustrated in  FIG. 2  in which pixels are provided. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the pixel surrounded by the gate lines  11  and the source lines  10  has the photodiode  12  and the TFT  13 . 
     The photodiode  12  includes a lower electrode  14   a , a photoelectric conversion layer  15 , and an upper electrode  14   b . The TFT  13  includes a gate electrode  13   a  integrated with the gate line  11 , a semiconductor activity layer  13   b , a source electrode  13   c  integrated with the source line  10 , and a drain electrode  13   d . The drain electrode  13   d  and the lower electrode  14   a  are connected with each other via a contact hole CH 1 . 
     Further, a bias line  16  is arranged so as to overlap with the gate line  11  and the source line  10  when viewed in a plan view. The bias line  16  is connected with a transparent conductive film  17 . The transparent conductive film  17  supplies a bias voltage to the photodiode  12  via a contact holes CH 2 . 
     Here,  FIG. 4  illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in the pixel part P 1  of  FIG. 3 . As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the gate electrode  13   a  integrated with the gate line  11  (see  FIG. 3 ), and the gate insulating film  102 , are formed on the substrate  101 . The substrate  101  is has insulating property, and is formed with, for example, a glass substrate or the like. 
     The gate electrode  13   a  and the gate line  11  are formed by laminating, for example, a metal film made of titanium (Ti) in the lower layer, and a metal film made of copper (Cu) in the upper layer. The gate electrode  13   a  and the gate line  11  may have a structure obtained by laminating a metal film made of aluminum (Al) in the lower layer, and a metal film made of molybdenum nitride (MoN) in the upper layer. In this example, the metal films in the lower layer and the upper layer have thicknesses of about 300 nm and 100 nm, respectively. The material and thickness of the gate electrode  13   a  and the gate line  11 , however, are not limited to these. 
     The gate insulating film  102  covers the gate electrode  13   a . To form the gate insulating film  102 , the following may be used, for example: silicon oxide (SiO x ); silicon nitride (SiN x ); silicon oxide nitride (SiO x N y )(x&gt;y); silicon nitride oxide (SiN x O y )(x&gt;y); or the like. In the present embodiment, the gate insulating film  102  is formed by laminating an insulating film made of silicon oxide (SiO x ) in the upper layer, and an insulating film made of silicon nitride (SiN x ) in the lower layer. In this example, the insulating film made of silicon oxide (SiO x ) has a thickness of about 50 nm, and the insulating film made of silicon nitride (SiN x ) has a thickness of about 400 nm. The material and the thickness of the gate insulating film  102 , however, are not limited to these. 
     A semiconductor activity layer  13   b , and a source electrode  13   c  and a drain electrode  13   d  connected with the semiconductor activity layer  13   b , are provided on the gate electrode  13   a  with the gate insulating film  102  being interposed therebetween. 
     The semiconductor activity layer  13   b  is in contact with the gate insulating film  102 . The semiconductor activity layer  13   b  is made of an oxide semiconductor. As the oxide semiconductor, for example, the following may be used: InGaO 3 (ZnO) 5 ; magnesium zinc oxide (Mg x Zn 1-x O); cadmium zinc oxide (Cd x Zn 1-x O); cadmium oxide (CdO); or an amorphous oxide semiconductor containing indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) at a predetermined ratio. In this example, the semiconductor activity layer  13   b  is made of an amorphous oxide semiconductor containing indium (In), gallium (Ga), and zinc (Zn) at a predetermined ratio. In this example, the semiconductor activity layer  13   b  has a thickness of about 70 nm. The material and the thickness of the semiconductor activity layer  13   b , however, are not limited to these. 
     The source electrode  13   c  and the drain electrode  13   d  are arranged so as to be in contact with a part of the semiconductor activity layer  13   b  on the gate insulating film  102 . In this example, the source electrode  13   c  is integrally formed with the source line  10  (see  FIG. 3 ). The drain electrode  13   d  is connected with the lower electrode  14   a  via the contact hole CH 1 . 
     The source electrode  13   c  and the drain electrode  13   d  are provided on the same layer. The source electrode  13   c  and drain electrode  13   d  have a three-layer structure obtained by laminating, for example, a metal film made of molybdenum nitride (MoN), a metal film made of aluminum (Al), and a metal film made of titanium (Ti). In this example, these three layers have thicknesses of about 100 nm, 500 nm, and 50 nm, respectively, in the order from the upper layer. The material and the thickness of the source electrode  13   c  and drain electrode  13   d , however, are not limited to these. 
     On the gate insulating film  102 , a first insulating film  103  is provided so as to overlap with the source electrode  13   c  and drain electrode  13   d . The first insulating film  103  has an opening on the drain electrode  13   d . The first insulating film  103  has a structure laminated silicon nitride (SiN) and silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) in the stated order. 
     On the first insulating film  103 , a second insulating film  104  is provided. The second insulating film  104  has an opening on the drain electrode  13   d , and the contact hole CH 1  is formed with the opening of the first insulating film  103  and the opening of the second insulating film  104  form. 
     The second insulating film  104  is made of, for example, an organic transparent resin such as an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin, and has a thickness of about 2.5 μm. The material and the thickness of the second insulating film  104 , however, are not limited to these. 
     On the second insulating film  104 , the lower electrode  14   a  is provided. The lower electrode  14   a  is connected with the drain electrode  13   d  via the contact hole CH 1 . The lower electrode  14   a  is formed with, for example, a metal film containing molybdenum nitride (MoN). In this example, the lower electrode  14   b  has a thickness of about 200 nm, but the thickness thereof is not limited to this. 
     On the lower electrode  14   a , the photoelectric conversion layer  15  is provided. The photoelectric conversion layer  15  has such a configuration that an n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151 , an intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152 , and a p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  are laminated in the stated order. In this example, the photoelectric conversion layer  15  has a length in the X axis direction which is smaller than the length of the lower electrode  14   a  in the X axis direction. 
     The n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151  is made of amorphous silicon doped with an n-type impurity (for example, phosphorus). 
     The intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152  is made of intrinsic amorphous silicon. The intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152  is in contact with the n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151 . 
     The p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  is made of amorphous silicon doped with a p-type impurity (for example, boron). The p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  is in contact with the intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152 . 
     In this example, the n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151  has a thickness of about 30 nm, the intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer has a thickness of about 1000 nm, and the p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  has a thickness of about 5 nm; the thicknesses thereof, however, are not limited to these. 
     On the photoelectric conversion layer  15 , the upper electrode  14   b  is provided. The upper electrode  14   b  is made of, for example, indium tin oxide (ITO), and has a thickness of about 70 nm. The material and the thickness of the upper electrode  14   b , however, are not limited to these. 
     A 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and a 3b-th insulating film  105   b  as inorganic films are provided so as to be in contact with the surface of the photodiode  12 . The 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are provided so as to be positioned apart from each other in the direction vertical to the substrate  101  outside the photodiode  12 . Between the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , a 4a-th insulating film  106   a  as an organic resin film is provided. Further, on the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , a 4b-th insulating film  106   b  as an organic resin film is provided. 
     More specifically, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is provided so as to extend from vicinities of ends on both sides of the upper electrode  14   b , to be in contact with side surface portions of the photodiode  12 , and to cover the second insulating film  104 . In other words, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is arranged so as to be divided and separated above the upper electrode  14   b , and so as to cover the side surfaces of the photodiode  12  and the second insulating film  104 . 
     The 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is in contact with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  on the upper electrode  14   b , and has an opening in a part of the surface of the upper electrode  14   b  where the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is not provided. The 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed extending to outside the photodiode  12 , covering side surfaces of the photodiode  12  with the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  being interposed therebetween. 
     In other words, in the present embodiment, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  arranged outside the photodiode  12  are extended to the photodiode  12  of the adjacent pixel. 
     The 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is provided on the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  so that the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  has an opening above the opening of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . The contact hole CH 2  is formed with the openings of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  and the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  form. 
     In this example, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are made of, for example, silicon nitride (SiN), and each of the same has a thickness of about 300 nm; the materials and the thicknesses of these, however, are not limited to these. 
     The 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  are made of an organic transparent resin composed of, for example, an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin, and these have thicknesses of, for example, about 1.5 μm and 1.0 μm, respectively; the materials and the thicknesses of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , however, are not limited to these. 
     On the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , the bias line  16 , as well as the transparent conductive film  17  connected with the bias line  16 , are provided. The transparent conductive film  17  is in contact with the upper electrode  14   b  at the contact hole CH 2 . 
     The bias line  16  is connected to the control unit  2  (see  FIG. 1 ). The bias line  16  applies a bias voltage input from the control unit  2 , to the upper electrode  14   b  via the contact hole CH 2 . 
     The bias line  16  has a three-layer structure. More specifically, the bias line  16  has a structure obtained by laminating, in the order from the upper layer, a metal film made of molybdenum nitride (MoN), a metal film made of aluminum (Al), and a metal film made of titanium (Ti). In this example, the metal films of these three layers have thicknesses of, in the order from the upper layer, about 100 nm, 300 nm, and 50 nm, respectively. The materials and the thicknesses of the bias line  16 , however, are not limited to these. 
     The transparent conductive film  17  is made of, for example, ITO, and has a thickness of about 70 nm: the material and the thickness of the transparent conductive film  17 , however, are not limited to these. 
     Further, on the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , a fifth insulating film  107  as an inorganic insulating film is provided so as to cover the transparent conductive film  17 . The fifth insulating film  107  is made of, for example, silicon nitride (SiN), and has a thickness of, for example, about 200 nm; the material and the thickness of the fifth insulating film  107 , however, are not limited to these. 
     A sixth insulating film  108  made of a resin film is provided so as to cover the fifth insulating film  107 . The sixth insulating film  108  is formed with an organic transparent resin made of, for example, an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin, and has a thickness of, for example, about 2.0 μm; the material and the thickness of the sixth insulating film  108 , however, are not limited to these. 
     (Method for Producing the Active Matrix Substrate  1 ) 
     Next, the following description describes a method for producing the active matrix substrate  1  while referring to  FIGS. 5A to 5U .  FIGS. 5A to 5U  illustrate cross-sectional views of the active matrix substrate  1  in steps of the producing process, respectively (cross sections taken along line A-A in  FIG. 3 ). 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 5A , the gate insulating film  102  and the TFT  13  are formed on the substrate  101  by using a known method. 
     Subsequently, the first insulating film  103  is formed by laminating silicon nitride (SiN) and silicon oxide (SiO 2 ), by using, for example, plasma CVD (see  FIG. 5B ). 
     Thereafter, a heat treatment at about 350° C. is applied to an entire surface of the substrate  101 , and then, photolithography, and dry etching using fluorine-containing gas are performed, whereby the first insulating film  103  is patterned (see  FIG. 5C ). Through these steps, the opening  103   a  of the first insulating film  103  is formed above the drain electrode  13   d.    
     Next, the second insulating film  104  made of an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin is formed on the first insulating film  103  by, for example, slit-coating (see  FIG. 5D ). Thereafter, by using photolithography, the second insulating film  104  is patterned (see  FIG. 5E ). Through this step, the opening  104   a  of the second insulating film  104  is formed on the opening  103   a , whereby the contact hole CH 1  composed of the opening  103   a  and the  104   a  is formed. 
     Subsequently, a metal film made of molybdenum nitride (MoN) is formed by, for example, sputtering, and photolithography and wet etching are carried out so that the metal film is patterned. Through these steps, the lower electrode  14   a  is formed on the second insulating film  104  so that the lower electrode  14   a  is connected with the drain electrode  13   d  via the contact hole CH 1  (see  FIG. 5F ). 
     Next, the n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151 , the intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152 , and the p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  are formed in the stated order by using, for example, plasma CVD. Thereafter, for example, a transparent conductive film made of ITO is formed by using sputtering, and photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the transparent conductive film is patterned. Through this step, the upper electrode  14   b  is formed on the p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  (see  FIG. 5G ). 
     Next, photolithography and dry etching are performed, whereby the n-type amorphous semiconductor layer  151 , the intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer  152 , and the p-type amorphous semiconductor layer  153  are patterned (see  FIG. 5H ). Through this step, the photoelectric conversion layer  15  is formed. 
     Next, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  made of silicon nitride (SiN) is formed by, for example, plasma CVD (see  FIG. 5I ). Thereafter, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned (see  FIG. 5J ). Through these steps, an opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b.    
     In some cases, however, the etching with respect to the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  for forming the opening H 1  causes film thinning of the upper electrode  14   b , i.e., a decrease in the thickness of the top surface portion of the upper electrode  14   b . In the present embodiment, therefore, it is desirable that the thickness of the upper electrode  14   b  when it is formed should be set with influences of the etching of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  being taken into consideration. 
     Subsequently, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  made of, for example, an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin is formed by slit-coating (see  FIG. 5K ). Thereafter, by using photolithography, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned (see  FIG. 5L ). Through these steps, an opening H 2  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , which has an opening width greater than that of the opening H 1 , is formed on the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a.    
     Subsequently, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  made of silicon nitride (SiN) is formed by, for example, plasma CVD, so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIG. 5M ). Thereafter, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is patterned (see  FIG. 5N ). Through these steps, an opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b.    
     Next, for example, the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  made of an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin is formed by slit-coating so as to cover the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  (see  FIG. 5O ), and the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 5P ). Through these steps, an opening H 4  of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is formed on the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , whereby the contact hole CH 2 , composed of the openings H 3  and H 4 , is formed. 
     Subsequently, a metal film  160  is formed by laminating molybdenum nitride (MoN), aluminum (Al), and titanium (Ti) in the stated order, by, for example, sputtering (see  FIG. 5Q ). Thereafter, photolithography and wet etching are carried out so that the metal film  160  is patterned (see  FIG. 5R ). For wet etching of the metal film  160 , for example, an etchant containing acetic acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid is used. Through these steps, the bias line  16  is formed on the fourth insulating film  106 . 
     Next, a transparent conductive film made of ITO is formed by, for example, sputtering, and then, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the transparent conductive film is patterned. Through these steps, the transparent conductive film  17  is formed that is connected with the bias line  16  and is connected with the photoelectric conversion layer  15  via the contact hole CH 2  (see  FIG. 5S ). 
     Subsequently, the fifth insulating film  107  made of silicon nitride (SiN) is formed on the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  so as to cover the transparent conductive film  17 , by, for example, plasma CVD (see  FIG. 5T ). 
     Next, the sixth insulating film  108  made of an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin is formed so as to cover the fifth insulating film  107  by, for example, slit-coating (see  FIG. 5U ). Through this process, the active matrix substrate  1  of the present embodiment is produced. 
     In the active matrix substrate  1  of the present embodiment, side surfaces of the photodiode  12  are covered with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  is covered with the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , and further, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are in contact with each other on the upper electrode  14   b . Besides, outside the photodiode  12 , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is covered with the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . In other words, the side surfaces of the photodiode  12  are covered with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b.    
     The 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , which are inorganic insulating films, have higher waterproofness than that of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , which are resin films. Accordingly, in a case where moisture permeates the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  through a scar occurring to the surface of the active matrix substrate  1 , even with any discontinuous part being present in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 , moisture can be prevented by the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  from penetrating through the discontinuous part in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a . As a result, the discontinuous part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  does not serve as a leakage path for leakage current of the photodiode  12 , and hence, this makes it possible to reduce deterioration of the X-ray detection accuracy caused by leakage current. 
     In the above-described step in  FIG. 5J , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned by using photolithography so that the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed, but this step may be carried out as follows. For example, after the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned by using the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  as a mask so that the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed. Further, in the above-described step in  FIG. 5N , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is patterned by using photolithography so that the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed, but this step may be as follows instead. For example, after the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed in the step in  FIG. 5M , the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is formed on the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . Thereafter, patterning is carried out by using the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  as a mask so that the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed. 
     (Operation of X-Ray Imaging Device  100 ) 
     Here, operations of the X-ray imaging device  100  illustrated in  FIG. 1  are described. First, X-rays are emitted from the X-ray source  3 . Here, the control unit  2  applies a predetermined voltage (bias voltage) to the bias line  16  (see  FIG. 3  and the like). X-rays emitted from the X-ray source  3  transmit an object S, and are incident on the scintillator  4 . The X-rays incident on the scintillator  4  are converted into fluorescence (scintillation light), and the scintillation light is incident on the active matrix substrate  1 . When the scintillation light is incident on the photodiode  12  provided in each pixel in the active matrix substrate  1 , the scintillation light is changed to charges by the photodiode  12  in accordance with the amount of the scintillation light. A signal according to the charges obtained by conversion by the photodiode  12  is read out through the source line  10  to the signal reading unit  2 B (see  FIG. 2  and the like) when the TFT  13  (see  FIG. 3  and the like) is in the ON state according to a gate voltage (positive voltage) that is output from the gate control unit  2 A through the gate line  11 . Then, an X-ray image in accordance with the signal thus read out is generated in the control unit  2 . 
     Embodiment 2 
     Embodiment 1 is described above with reference to an example in which, outside the photodiode  12 , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are extended to the photodiode  12  of the adjacent pixel. In this case, if not only the surface of the active matrix substrate  1  has scars, but also the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  has a discontinuous part, a scar, or the like, there is a possibility that moisture would penetrate from the scar or the like of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  to the 4a-th insulating film  106   a . If moisture permeates the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , moisture gets in the discontinuous part of not only the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering side surfaces of the photodiode  12  of a certain one of the pixels, but also in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering side surfaces of the photodiode  12  of another pixel adjacent thereto. In other words, a leakage path is formed in side surfaces of the photodiodes  12  of a plurality of the pixels, whereby a range in which leakage current flows is extended. 
     The following description describes the present embodiment in which the extension of a leakage path is reduced even if moisture penetrates from the 3b-th insulating film  105   b.    
       FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of the pixel part of the active matrix substrate in the present embodiment. In  FIG. 68 , members identical to those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 1. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 1. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , in the active matrix substrate  1 A, a part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  that is in contact with the second insulating film  104  has a length smaller than that in Embodiment 1. The 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided exclusively on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a.    
     Outside the photodiode  12 , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is provided on the second insulating film  104  so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 3a-th insulating film  105   a . The 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is in contact with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  not only on the upper electrode  14   b , but also on the second insulating film  104 . 
     In other words, in the present embodiment, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  outside the photodiode  12  is extended to an adjacent pixel, but the 3a-th insulating films  105   a  corresponding to adjacent ones of the pixels are divided and separated from each other, and so are the 4a-th insulating films  106   a  corresponding to adjacent ones of the pixels. 
     In this way, in the present embodiment, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  are not extended to an adjacent pixel. Even if moisture permeates the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  of a certain pixel, the moisture therefore does not penetrate to the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  of a pixel adjacent to the foregoing pixel, whereby the extension of leakage path can be prevented. 
     Incidentally, in this case, it is likely that moisture would penetrate through a discontinuous part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering side surfaces of the photodiode  12  of the pixel in which moisture has permeated the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and this 3a-th insulating film  105   a  serves as a leakage path through which leakage current flows. But if there is no scar or the like in the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  prevents moisture from getting into the discontinuous part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , and no leakage path is formed, as is the case with Embodiment 1. 
     The active matrix substrate  1 A in the present embodiment is produced through the following process. More specifically, after the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5A to 5I  are performed, photolithography and dry etching are carried out in the state illustrated in  FIG. 5I  so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned. Here, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  in contact with the second insulating film  104  is etched so that the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed, and at the same time, the 3a-th insulating films  105   a  of adjacent ones of the pixels are separated from each other (see  FIG. 7A ). 
     Subsequently, in the same manner as that in the step illustrated in  FIG. 5K , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed so as to cover the 3a-th insulating film  105  (see  FIG. 7B ), and thereafter, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 7C ). Through these steps, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed exclusively on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , and the opening H 2  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , having a width greater than that of the opening H 1 , is formed. 
     Subsequently, in the same manner as that in the step illustrated in  FIG. 5M , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIG. 7D ), and photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is patterned (see  FIG. 7E ). Through these steps, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are connected inside and outside the photodiode  12 , and the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b . Thereafter, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5O to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 A is produced. 
     Embodiment 3 
     Embodiment 1 is described above with reference to an exemplary configuration in which the side surface portions of the photodiode  12  are covered with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , and the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  except for the portion thereof where the contact hole CH 2  is formed is covered with the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . In this case, when the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is pattered, the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  is affected by etching, film thinning occurs to the top surface portion of the upper electrode  14   b , i.e., the thickness of the top surface portion of the upper electrode  14   b  decreases. As the present embodiment, an exemplary configuration is described in which the formation of a leakage path at the side surfaces of the photodiode  12  is prevented, without film thinning occurring to the upper electrode  14   b.    
       FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a pixel part of an active matrix substrate in the present embodiment. In  FIG. 8 , members identical to those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 1. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 1. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , in an active matrix substrate  1 B, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covers the surfaces of the photodiode  12  except for a part of the top surface of the photodiode  12 . In other words, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is divided and separated on the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b , and cover the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 . The 3a-th insulating film  105   a  on the second insulating film  104  is extended to the adjacent pixel. 
     The 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided so as to cover the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  outside the photodiode  12 , and is extended to the adjacent pixel. 
     The 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is provided so as to be in contact with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  inside the photodiode  12 , and to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  inside the photodiode  12 . In other words, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  covers the side surfaces of the photodiode  12  with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  being interposed therebetween. 
     The production of the active matrix substrate B in the present embodiment is performed as follows. In the present embodiment, after steps identical to those described above with reference to  FIGS. 5A to 5I  are carried out, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned (see  FIG. 9A ). Through these steps, an opening H 11  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b . The opening H 11  has a width smaller than that of the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  in Embodiment 1 described above, and therefore, the area of the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  covered with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is larger than that in Embodiment 1. It is therefore less likely that film thinning would be caused to the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  by the etching of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a.    
     After the step illustrated in  FIG. 9A , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed in the same manner as that of the step illustrated in  FIG. 5K  so as to cover the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  (see  FIG. 9B ), and thereafter, by using photolithography, 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned (see  FIG. 9C ). Through these steps, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  covering the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is formed outside the photodiode  12 , and the opening H 2  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , having a width greater than that of the opening H 11 , is formed. 
     Subsequently, in the same manner as that in the step illustrated in  FIG. 5M , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIG. 9D ), and photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is patterned (see  FIG. 9E ). Through these steps, on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , an opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed, outside the opening H 11 . 
     Thereafter, in the same manner as that in the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5O , the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  covering the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed, a contact hole CH 21  composed of the opening H 11  and the opening H 4  of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  (see  FIG. 8 ) is formed using the same manner as that in  FIG. 5P  described above. Subsequently, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5O to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 B is produced. 
     Embodiment 41 
     Embodiment 3 is described above with reference to an exemplary configuration in which the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is extended to the photodiode  12  of the adjacent pixel outside the photodiode  12 . In this case, if the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  has a discontinuous part, a scar, or like as described above in conjunction with Embodiment 2, moisture penetrates through this part to the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and a leakage path is formed in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  that covers side surfaces of the photodiodes  12  of a plurality of pixels. As the present embodiment, an exemplary configuration is described in which the extension of a leakage path is prevented even if moisture penetrates from the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  in the structure of Embodiment 3. 
       FIG. 10  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a pixel part of an active matrix substrate in the present embodiment. In  FIG. 10 , members identical to those in Embodiment 3 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 3. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 3. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , in an active matrix substrate  1 C, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are in contact with each other in a part area of the top surface on the photodiode  12  and an area outside the photodiode  12 , and the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided in an area outside the photodiode  12 , interposed between the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . In other words, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not extended to the adjacent pixel outside the photodiode  12 , and is separated between adjacent ones of the pixels. Accordingly, even if moisture penetrating from a discontinuous part, a scar, or the like occurring to the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  permeates the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , the permeation of the moisture into the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  of the adjacent pixel is prevented, and the leakage path is not extended to the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  of the foregoing pixel. 
     The production of the active matrix substrate  1 C in the present embodiment is performed as follows. After the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 9B , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 11 ). Through this step, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed that has the opening H 2  on an outer side with respect to the opening H 11  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , overlaps with a part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  that covers side surfaces of the photodiode  12 , and is divided and separated between adjacent ones of the pixels. Thereafter, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIG. 9D  and the subsequent drawings are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 C is produced. 
     Embodiment 5 
     Embodiment 3 is described above with reference to an exemplary configuration in which the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is not provided on the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b , but the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  may be provided on the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  in an overlapping state. The following description describes the configuration in this case more specifically. 
       FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a pixel part of an active matrix substrate in the present embodiment. In  FIG. 12 , members identical to those in Embodiment 3 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 3. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 3. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12 , in the active matrix substrate  1 D, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  overlaps with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  provided on the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b , and outside the photodiode  12 , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is provided on the 4a-th insulating film  106   a . In other words, outside the photodiode  12 , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  overlap with each other with the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  being interposed therebetween. 
     The production of the active matrix substrate  1 D is performed as follows. Steps identical to those described above with reference to  FIGS. 5A to 5I  are carried out, and thereafter, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  made of an acrylic resin or a siloxane-based resin is formed by, for example, slit-coating (see  FIG. 13A ). Subsequently, by using photolithography, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned (see  FIG. 13B ). Through these steps, the opening H 21  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , on a part area of the top surface on the photodiode  12 . 
     Next, by a step identical to that illustrated in  FIG. 5M , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIG. 13C ), and then, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are patterned (see  FIG. 13D ). Through these steps, an opening H 22  passing through the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b.    
     Subsequently, by a method identical to the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5O , the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  covering the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed (see  FIG. 13E ), and then, by using a method identical to the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5P , the opening H 4  of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is formed on the opening H 22 , whereby a contact hole CH 22  composed of the opening H 22  and the opening H 4  is formed (see  FIG. 13F ). Thereafter, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5Q to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 D is produced. 
     Incidentally, in this example, in  FIG. 13D , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are patterned by using photolithography, but the process may be as follows instead: after the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed, the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is formed, and the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are patterned by using the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  as a mask, whereby the opening H 22  is formed. 
     In the present embodiment, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed so as to overlap with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  on the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b . Further, both of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are simultaneously patterned so that the opening H 22  passing through the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed. It is therefore unlikely that film thinning would occur to the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  due to the patterning, as compared with Embodiments 3 and 4 mentioned above, and it is unlikely that film thinning would occur to the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b  due to the patterning, as compared with Embodiments 1 and 2 mentioned above. 
     Further, in the present embodiment, when moisture permeates the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  through a scar or the like on the surface of the active matrix substrate  1 D, even with any discontinuous part being present in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 , permeation of moisture into the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  can be prevented by the 3b-th insulating film  105   b . As a result, a discontinuous part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  does not serve as a leakage path, it is unlikely that the X-ray detection accuracy would degrade due to leakage current. 
     Embodiment 6 
     In Embodiment 5 described above, outside the photodiode  12 , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is extended to the photodiode  12  of the adjacent pixel, but for preventing the extension of a leakage path, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  may be divided and separated between the photodiodes  12  of adjacent ones of the pixels. The following description describes a configuration of an active matrix substrate in this case. 
       FIG. 14  is a cross-sectional view of a pixel part of an active matrix substrate in the present embodiment. In  FIG. 14 , members identical to those in Embodiment 5 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 5. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 5. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14 , in an active matrix substrate  1 E in the present embodiment, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are in contact with each other outside the photodiode  12 , and the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided between the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , outside the photodiode  12 . In other words, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not extended to the adjacent pixel, and is separated between adjacent ones of the pixels. 
     The production of the active matrix substrate  1 E in the present embodiment is performed as follows. In other words, after the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 13A , the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 15 ). Through this step, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  other than portions thereof covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 , on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , is removed. As a result, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  overlaps with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  provided on the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 , and is positioned apart from another 4a-th insulating film  106   a  of the adjacent pixel. Thereafter, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIG. 13C  and the subsequent drawings are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 E is produced. 
     With such a configuration, even if moisture penetrating from a discontinuous part, a scar, or the like occurring to the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  permeates the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , the permeation of the moisture into the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  of the adjacent pixel is prevented, and the leakage path is not extended to the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  of the foregoing pixel. 
     Embodiment 7 
     Embodiments 1 and 3 are described above with reference to an exemplary configuration in which the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided between the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  outside the photodiode  12 , but the structure may be such that the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not provided. The following description describes modification examples of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3 having a structure in which the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not provided. 
     (7-1) Modification Example of Embodiment 1 
       FIG. 16  is a cross-sectional view of a pixel part in Embodiment 1 having a structure in which the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not provided. In  FIG. 16 , members identical to those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 1. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 1. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 16 , in an active matrix substrate  1 F, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is arranged so as to overlap with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 . In other words, outside the photodiode  12 , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  overlaps with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a.    
     The production of the active matrix substrate  1 F is performed as follows. First, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5A to 5J  are carried out, and thereafter, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  by a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5M  (see  FIG. 17A ). Thereafter, above the upper electrode  14   b , and inside the opening H 1  of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed by a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5N  (see  FIG. 17B ). Subsequently, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5O to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 F is produced. 
     (7-2) Modification Example of Embodiment 3 
       FIG. 18  is a cross-sectional view of a pixel part of an active matrix substrate, which is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of Embodiment 3 having a structure in which the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is not provided. In  FIG. 18 , members identical to those in Embodiment 3 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 3. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 18 , in an active matrix substrate  1 G, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is arranged so as to overlap with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering side surfaces of the photodiode  12 . In other words, outside the photodiode  12 , the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  overlaps with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a.    
     The production of the active matrix substrate  1 G is performed as follows. First, a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 9A  is carried out, and thereafter, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  by a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 9D  (see  FIG. 19A ). Thereafter, the opening H 3  of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , which is greater than the opening H 1 , is formed on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  by a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5N  (see  FIG. 19B ). Subsequently, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5O to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 G is produced. 
     If moisture penetrates through a scar or the like of the surface of the above-described active matrix substrate  1 F,  1 G and permeates the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , the surface of the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is exposed to moisture. Since the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is covered with the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , however, it is unlikely that moisture would permeate the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , even with a discontinuous part being present in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 . This therefore makes it unlikely that leakage current would flow. Besides, since the step of forming the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIGS. 5K, 5L ) is unnecessary in the case of the above-described configuration, the number of steps for producing the active matrix substrate can be reduced, as compared with Embodiments 1 and 3. 
     7-3 
     In (7-1) and (7-2) described above, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  provided outside the photodiode  12  is extended to the photodiode  12  of the adjacent pixel, but the configuration may be such that, as illustrated in  FIG. 20  or  FIG. 21 , the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is not extended to the adjacent pixel, and is positioned apart from the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  corresponding to the adjacent pixel. 
     Incidentally,  FIG. 20  is a cross-sectional view illustrating the above-described case of  FIG. 16  modified so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is not extended to the adjacent pixel. Further,  FIG. 21  is a cross-sectional view illustrating the above-described case of  FIG. 18  modified so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is not extended to the adjacent pixel. 
     When the active matrix substrate illustrated in  FIG. 20  or  FIG. 21  is produced, not only the top surface of the upper electrode  14   b , but also the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  on the second insulating film  104  may be etched so as to have a predetermined length in the step illustrated in  FIG. 5J . 
     In the case of the structures illustrated in  FIG. 20  and  FIG. 21  as well, as is the case with the structures of (7-1) and (7-2) described above, since the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is covered with the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , it is unlikely that moisture would permeate the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , even with a discontinuous part being present in the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the side surfaces of the photodiode  12 . This therefore makes it unlikely that a leakage path would be formed. Besides, since the step of forming the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  (see  FIGS. 5K, 5L ) is unnecessary, the number of steps for producing the active matrix substrate can be reduced. 
     Embodiment 8 
     In Embodiments 1 to 7, the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  preferably have a thickness of an integer multiple of 150 nm. 
       FIG. 22  illustrates a graph of the transmittance of an inorganic insulating film containing SiN when the thickness of the contain inorganic insulating film is varied and is irradiated with light having a wavelength of 550 nm. As illustrated in  FIG. 22 , in the cases where the thickness is 150 nm, 300 nm, 450 nm, and 600 nm, the transmittance is approximately 100%, but when the thickness is other than these, the transmittance varies in a range of greater than 90% and smaller than 100%. 
     Accordingly, when the thickness of the inorganic insulating film provided on the photodiode  12  (see  FIG. 3  and the like) is set to an integer multiple of 150 nm, the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photodiode  12  can be enhanced, whereby the X-ray detection accuracy can be improved. 
     Embodiments of the present invention are thus described above, but the above-described embodiments are merely examples for implementing the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     Modification Example 1 
     In Embodiments 5 and 6 described above, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  may be provided not only on the side surface parts of the photodiode  12 , but also on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the upper electrode  14   b . The following description describes such a configuration. 
     (1) Modification Example of Embodiment 5 
       FIG. 23  is a cross-sectional view of a pixel part according to Modification Example of Embodiment 5. In  FIG. 23 , members identical to those in Embodiment 5 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 5. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 5. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 23 , in an active matrix substrate  1 H according to the present modification example, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided not only on side surface parts of the photodiode  12 , but also on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the upper electrode  14   b.    
     The active matrix substrate  1 H of the present modification example can be formed as follows. First, the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5A to 5I  and  FIG. 13A  are carried out, and thereafter, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 24A ). Through these steps, an opening H 13  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed on a part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the upper electrode  14   b.    
     Next, the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed so as to cover the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  by a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5M  (see  FIG. 24B ). Subsequently, photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are patterned (see  FIG. 240 ). Through these steps, on the upper electrode  14   b , and on an inner side with respect to the opening H 13  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , an opening H 23  that passes through the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed. 
     Incidentally, in the step illustrated in  FIG. 240 , the same photomask may be used for patterning the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and for patterning the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , and these insulating films may be simultaneously etched. In the case of doing so, there is no need to prepare respective photomasks for the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , and the number of the steps can be reduced. 
     Subsequently, the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is form so as to cover the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , by the same method as the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5O  (see  FIG. 24D ), and thereafter, on the opening H 23 , an opening H 33  of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , which is greater than the opening H 23 , is formed by the same method as the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5P , whereby a contact hole CH 23  composed of the opening H 23  and the opening H 33  is formed (see  FIG. 24E ). In the patterning of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , the photomask used for patterning the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  may be applied. By doing so, the number of photomasks used in patterning the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  can be reduced. 
     Thereafter, steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5Q to 5U  are carried out, whereby the active matrix substrate  1 H illustrated in  FIG. 23  is produced. 
     (2) Modification Example of Embodiment 6 
       FIG. 25  is a cross-sectional view of a pixel part according to Modification Example of Embodiment 6. In  FIG. 25 , members identical to those in Embodiment 6 are denoted by the same reference symbols as those in Embodiment 6. The following description principally describes configurations different from those in Embodiment 6. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 25 , in an active matrix substrate  1 I according to the present modification example, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is provided not only on side surface parts of the photodiode  12 , but also on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the upper electrode  14   b.    
     The active matrix substrate  1 I of the present modification example can be formed as follows. First, the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5A to 5E  are carried out. Subsequently, a metal film  140  made of molybdenum nitride (MoN) is formed by sputtering on the second insulating film  104 , and a resist  300  for forming a lower electrode of the photodiode  12  is formed by using photolithography on the metal film  140  (see  FIG. 26A ). 
     Then, the metal film  140  is wet-etched (see  FIG. 26B ). Here, the metal film  140  is etched so that an end of the metal film  140  is arranged on an inner side with respect to the resist  300  by Δd (for example, 2 μm). Thereafter, the resist is removed, whereby the lower electrode  14   a  is formed (see  FIG. 26C ). 
     Incidentally, the photomask used in forming the resist  300  in the step illustrated in  FIG. 26A  can be also used in a step described below of forming the 4a-th insulating film  106   a . By performing the etching in the step illustrated in  FIG. 26B  in such a manner that an end of the metal film  140  is located on an inner side with respect to the resist  300 , the lower electrode  14   b  is completely covered with the 4a-th insulating film  106   a.    
     Subsequently, after steps identical to those illustrated in  FIGS. 5G to 5I , and  FIG. 13A  are carried out, the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  on the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  is patterned by using photolithography (see  FIG. 26D ). Through this step, an opening H 14  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  is formed on a part of the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  covering the upper electrode  14   b.    
     Subsequently, after the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  by carrying out a step identical to the above-described step illustrated in  FIG. 5M , photolithography and dry etching are carried out so that the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  are patterned (see  FIG. 26E ). Through this step, an opening H 24  passing through the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  is formed on the upper electrode  14   b , on an inner side with respect to the opening H 14  of the 4a-th insulating film  106   a.    
     The respective photomasks when used in forming the lower electrode  14   a  and forming the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  can be used as a photomask used for patterning the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  in the step illustrated in  FIG. 26D . With this configuration, there is no need to prepare a photomask exclusively for the 4a-th insulating film  106   a , and the number of steps can be reduced. Further, in the step illustrated in  FIG. 26E , the same photomask is used for patterning the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b  and these insulating films are simultaneously etched. By doing so, there is no need to prepare respective photomasks for the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , and the number of steps can be reduced. 
     Subsequently, by a method identical to the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5O , the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  is formed so as to cover the 3b-th insulating film  105   b , and thereafter, by using a method identical to the above-described method illustrated in  FIG. 5P , an opening H 34  of the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , which is greater than the opening H 24 , is formed on the opening H 24  so that a contact hole CH 24  composed of the opening H 24  and the opening H 34  is formed (see  FIG. 26F ). For patterning the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , the photomask used for patterning the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  may be used. By doing so, the photomask for patterning the 4b-th insulating film  106   b  can be omitted. 
     Thereafter, by carried out steps identical to the above-described steps illustrated in  FIGS. 5Q to 5U , the active matrix substrate  1 I illustrated in  FIG. 25  is produced. 
     In Modification Examples of Embodiments 5 and 6, the top part of the upper electrode  14   b  is covered with the 3a-th insulating film  105   a  and the 4a-th insulating film  106   a . Even if moisture penetrates through the 4b-th insulating film  106   b , the two insulating films, i.e., the 4a-th insulating film  106   a  and the 3a-th insulating film  105   a , makes it unlikely that moisture would get in, not only the side surface parts of the photodiode  12 , but also the top part of the photodiode  12 , and a leakage path would be formed. 
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           1 .  1 A to  1 I: active matrix substrate 
           2 : control unit 
           2 A: gate control unit 
           2 B: signal reading unit 
           3 : X-ray source 
           4 : scintillator 
           10 : source line 
           11 : gate line 
           12 : photodiode 
           13 : thin film transistor (TFT) 
           13   a : gate electrode 
           13   b : semiconductor activity layer 
           13   c : source electrode 
           13   d : drain electrode 
           14   a : lower electrode 
           14   b : upper electrode 
           15 : photoelectric conversion layer 
           16 : bias line 
           100 : X-ray imaging device 
           101 : substrate 
           102 : gate insulating film 
           103 : first insulating film 
           104 : second insulating film 
           105   a:  3a-th insulating film 
           105   b:  3b-th insulating film 
           106   a:  4a-th insulating film 
           106   b:  4b-th insulating film 
           107 : fifth insulating film 
           108 : sixth insulating film 
           151 : n-type amorphous semiconductor layer 
           152 : intrinsic amorphous semiconductor layer 
           153 : p-type amorphous semiconductor layer