Patent Publication Number: US-2019193118-A1

Title: Waste Recovery Systems and Methods

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/651,258 filed on Jul. 17, 2017 and entitled “Waste Recovery Systems and Methods”, which is a continuation of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/173,569 filed on Jun. 3, 2016 and entitled “Waste Recovery Systems and Methods”, which is a continuation-in-part of and claims priority to co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/971,718, filed on Dec. 16, 2015 and entitled “Household Hazardous Waste Recovery”, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present disclosure is generally related to devices, systems, and methods of waste recovery systems and methods, and more particularly, to devices systems and methods of identifying and sorting waste products. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Waste products may be processed and separated into different categories. Certain types of products, such as chemical products, paint products, and other products (including those that cannot be identified), may sometimes be classified as hazardous waste products, which cannot be disposed of in a landfill. Once classified as hazardous waste, such products are typically burned. For example, this past year, approximately five hundred thirty thousand tons of HHW (e.g., laundry detergent, motor oil, bleach, and the like) were processed at collection facilities. Such items are safe enough to place on store shelves and to allow consumers to purchase them without a license and to transport them in a standard automobile. However, once such items reach the waste collection facility, such items are typically classified as hazardous and are burned, which process is environmentally questionable and very expensive. 
     Other waste items, including recyclable waste, may be dumped and sorted at a waste facility before being disposed of in a landfill. In some instances, recyclable waste, household hazardous waste, and other items may be thrown away in the trash and can find its way into a landfill if it is not identified and captured during sorting. 
     SUMMARY 
     In certain embodiments, a system includes one or more optical sensors configured to capture optical data of a plurality of waste products, including bar codes (if any) associated with the packaging of the waste products. The system may include a controller coupled to the optical sensors and a marking system responsive to the controller to apply a temporary marking on identified waste products for sorting into an appropriate bin. In a particular embodiment, the marking system may include one or more light sources configured to direct a focused beam of light onto an identified product. In some embodiments, the marking system may include one or more lasers configured to illuminate selected waste products. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     In certain embodiments, a system may include at least one optical sensor configured to capture optical data associated with a waste product and a processor coupled to the at least one optical sensor. The processor may be configured to determine information about the waste product based on the optical data and to selectively direct the waste product to a selected destination in response to determining the information. In some aspects, the system may include at least one optical transmitter configured to emit a visible marker and to direct the visible marker onto the waste product. 
     In other embodiments, a device may include one or more optical sensors configured to capture optical data associated with packaging of a waste product, and a processor coupled to the one or more optical sensors. The device may further include a memory accessible to the processor and configured to store instructions that, when executed cause the processor to receive optical data corresponding to a waste product from the optical sensors. The instructions may further cause the processor to search one or more data sources to identify the waste product based on the optical data and selectively direct the waste product to a selected destination in response to identifying the waste product. In some aspects, the device may control one or more optical transmitters to apply a visible marker to the waste product and may control a light associated with a selected destination to direct the marked product to the selected destination. 
     In still other embodiments, a method may include receiving optical data corresponding to a waste product from one or more optical sensors of a waste product identification system. The method may also include searching, using a processor, one or more data sources to identify the waste product based on the optical data. In response to identifying the waste product, the method may further include selectively directing the waste product to a selected destination. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a system configured to process waste, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a system configured to identify waste products within the processed waste, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a waste product identification system, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a system configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a system configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram of a portion of a system configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  is a block diagram of a system configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 8  is a flow diagram of a method of identifying waste products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  is a flow diagram of a method of recovering an HHW product for repurposing, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 10  is a flow diagram of a method of identifying an HHW product, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  is a flow diagram of a method of selectively sorting an HHW product based on image data, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 12  is a flow diagram of a method of determining an HHW product, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 13  is a flow diagram of a method of recovering HHW products for repurposing, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 14  is a diagram of an interface for identifying an unknown HHW product for repurposing, if possible, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     In the following discussion, the same reference numbers are used in the various embodiments to indicate the same or similar elements. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments of systems, devices, and methods are described below that may be used to optically identify and visibly mark waste products from a stream of waste products to assist workers in removing the marked waste products from the stream. In some embodiments, waste products may be advanced along a conveyor belt next to or beneath a system, which may capture images of the waste product, identify the waste product based on the images, determine a destination location for the device, and direct the waste product to a destination, such as a storage bin. In certain embodiments, the system may direct the waste product to a destination by activating a robotic arm configured to grab the waste product, remove it from the conveyor and deliver it to the destination. In another embodiment, the system may direct the waste product to a destination by providing a visible marker on the waste product in response to determining the destination location. In some embodiments, the visible marker may include a light beam directed onto the product packaging. In certain embodiments, the light beam may assist an employee in sorting the waste product into its appropriate destination according to a color of the light beam, for example. 
     In certain embodiments, the systems or devices may include the processing circuitry configured to identify a particular waste product based on optical data captured by one or more sensors. Once identified, the system may determine a destination location for the device and may visibly mark the waste product by illuminating the product with a color, a visible shape, or another visible marker to assist a worker in detecting the waste product for removal and placement. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry may be configured to communicate with one or more databases to identify the waste product by comparing data derived from the optical data to optical data stored in a database to determine a correspondence or a match. 
     In some embodiments, a method of waste product recovery may include presenting the waste product to one or more optical sensors (such as bar code readers, cameras, and so on). Optical data determined by the optical sensors is provided to a processor, which may search one or more data sources based on the optical data to locate the waste product. In certain embodiments, when the waste product is located, an audio element may emit a tone or sound, which may be similar to the sound produced by bar code scanners at a grocery store. The processor may also return information to the system indicating a bin into which the product should be sorted. 
     In some embodiments, the product may move along a conveyor system and through a “laser fence” configured to see the product pass through it, and the system may determine the time it will take for the waste product to reach a position adjacent to the bin along the conveyor system. At the determined time, the system may control an actuator to rotate an arm across the conveyor to direct the waste product into the identified bin. The system may record the product type and weight in a record associated with the bin. Alternatively, at the determined time, the system may visibly mark the waste product and illuminate a light above the destination bin so that a worker can remove the waste product from the conveyor and deliver it to the selected bin. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 1  is a block diagram of a system  100  configured to process waste, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The system  100  may include a waste processing receptacle  102  that may be configured to receive waste from one or more delivery vehicles, such as garbage trucks. The system  100  may further include a waste separator  104  that may be configured to tear open garbage bags and separate the waste, delivering the solid waste to a conveyor system  106 . The system  100  may further include a waste product identification (ID) system  108  adjacent to the conveyor system  106 . The waste product ID system  108  may be configured to capture images of waste products  112  as the conveyor system  106  advances the waste products  112  along a path. 
     In certain embodiments, the optical systems  110  may be configured to capture images of the waste products, and the waste product ID system  108  may be configured to identify at least some of the waste products  112  based on the images. Once the waste products  112  identified, the waste product ID system  108  may be configured to apply a visible marker or indicator on the identified waste products  112  as the waste products  112  advance along the conveyor system  106 . The visible marker or indicator may include a beam of light of a selected color, which may indicate to a worker or to a device that the particular waste product should be removed from the waste stream on the conveyor system  106  and redirected to an appropriate bin, such as the recycling bins  114  or the household hazardous waste (HHW) bins  116 . 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the visible marker, the waste product ID system  108  may control one or more lights  115  associated with recycling bins  114  to indicate a particular one of the recycling bins  114  into which an identified recyclable waste product should be delivered. Further, the waste product ID system  108  may control one or more lights  117  associated with HHW bins  116  to indicate a particular one of the HHW bins  116  into which an identified HHW waste product should be delivered. In some embodiments, the lights  115  and  117  may be color coded, and the visible markers or indicators applied to the identified waste products  112  may be correspondingly color coded to assist a worker or device in retrieving and placing the waste product in a suitable bin. Products that are not identified by the waste product ID system or by workers may be delivered to a land fill waste receptacle  118 . In some embodiments, instead of a worker, the system  100  may include a device, such as a robotic arm, which may be controlled to pick up and place an identified waste product into a selected destination bin. 
     The waste product ID system  108  may identify waste products that can be recycled or repurposed, thereby reducing the quantity of products that end up in landfills. Further, the optical processing capabilities of the waste product ID system  108  may identify certain recyclable and HHW waste products with greater precision than the human eye and assisting workers in separating such products from landfill waste. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of a system  200  configured to identify waste products within the processed waste, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The system  200  may include the waste product ID system  108 , the optical systems  110 , and the conveyor system  106 . Further, the system  200  may be configured to optically process waste products  112  as discussed above with respect to the system  100  of  FIG. 1 . 
     The optical system  110  may include a structure  202  adjacent to the conveyor system  106 . The structure  202  may extend over the conveyor system  106  (as shown) or may extend along one or both sides of the conveyor system  106 . The structure  202  may house circuitry including one or more optical sensors  204 , which may be directed toward the conveyor system  106  from one or both sides, from above, or from any combination thereof to capture optical data, as generally indicated at  206 . Further, the circuitry of the structure  202  may further include light emitting or transmitting elements  208  configured to apply a visible marker to an identified waste product  112 . In the illustrated example, the light emitting or transmitting elements  208  may selectively direct a beam of light  210  onto an identified waste product without directing light beams onto other waste products. The beam of light may be visible on the identified waste product  112 . 
     As discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 , the waste product ID system  108  may control one or more lights associated with various destination bins and may illuminate the light associated with a particular destination bin in response to identifying the waste product. In some embodiments, the beam of light  210  may have a color parameter corresponding to a particular type of identified product. Further, the lights above the destination bins may also include a color parameter such that the beam of light  210  may be color coded to match with the illuminated light of the destination bin to further assist a worker or device. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of a waste product ID system  300 , in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The waste product ID system  108  may include a waste product ID device  302  coupled to the optical systems  108  and to one or more lights  115  and  117  associated with the destination bins (recycling, HHW, other bins, or any combination thereof). Further, the waste product ID device  302  may communicate with one or more computing devices  304  via a network  306 . The one or more computing devices  304  can include server systems, databases, other computing systems, or any combination thereof. 
     The waste product ID device  302  can include a network interface  308  configured to communicate with the one or more computing devices  304  through the network  306 . Further, the waste product ID device  302  may include a processor  310  coupled to the network interface  308 . The waste product ID device  302  may also include an optical sensor interface  312  configured to couple to the optical sensors  204  of the optical system  208 . Further, the processor  310  may be coupled to an optical transmitter interface  314  configured to couple to the optical transmitters  208  (e.g., light sources, light emitting devices, laser devices, other light emitting elements, or any combination thereof) within the optical systems  110 . The processor  310  may also be coupled to interfaces  315  and  317 , which may be coupled to lights  115  and  117 , respectively. The processor  310  may also be coupled to a memory  316 . 
     The memory  316  may store data and instructions that, when executed by the processor  310 , cause the processor  310  to perform a variety of operations. The memory  316  can include a sensor module  318  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to receive data from the optical sensors  204  and to process the optical sensor data to determine images. The memory  316  may also include an ID module  320  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to identify a waste product by comparing optical data received from the optical sensors  204  to images stored in an images database  330  to determine a correspondence or a match. If the correspondence is close, but an exact match cannot be determined, the ID module  320  may apply a visible marker to the waste product indicating that the waste product should be manually inspected. In an example, the visible marker indicating the need for manual inspection may have a particular color (such as red) or shape (such as a question mark). Other embodiments are also possible. 
     The memory  316  can also include a conveyor speed module  322  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to determine a speed of the conveyor system  106 . The memory  316  may also include a tracking module  324  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to track the progress of waste products as they move along the conveyor system  106  based on an initial location and a speed of the conveyor system  106 . The memory  316  may further include a transmitter control module  326  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to control the optical transmitters  208  to direct a beam of light onto an identified waste product. In some embodiments, the transmitter control module  326  may selectively control one or more of the optical transmitters  208  to emit beams of light and may control an actuatable lens  332  (or another actuator or beam splitter) to direct the light onto a waste product and to maintain the light on the waste product as it travels along the conveyor system  106 . The memory  316  may also include a light control module  328  that, when executed, may cause the processor  310  to determine a destination bin for a particular waste product and to selectively send a control signal to one of the lights  115  and  117  via one of the interfaces  315  and  317 . 
     In some embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may receive optical data corresponding to one or more waste products. The processor  310  may utilize the ID module  320  to search the images database  330  to identify optical data that matches the optical data from the optical sensors  204 . If a match is found, the processor  310  may utilize the conveyor speed module  322  and the tracking module  324  to determine the position of the waste produce on the conveyor system  106  over time and may use the transmitter control module  326  to control the optical transmitters  208  and the actuatable lens  332  (or other actuator) to direct light onto the identified waste product. Further, the waste product ID device  302  may communicate a control signal to one, but not all, of the lights  115  and  117  to identify a destination bin for the identified waste product. 
     In certain embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may utilize the transmitter control module  326  to selectively illuminate a first identified waste product with a first beam of light having a first color and to selectively illuminate a second identified waste product with a second beam of light having a second color. The waste product ID device  302  may illuminate the first and second waste products substantially simultaneously. In some embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may selectively illuminate multiple identified waste products concurrently. 
     In certain embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may utilize the transmitter control module  326  to project a first symbol onto a first identified waste product and to project a second symbol onto a second identified waste product. The waste product ID device  302  may project a plurality of different symbols onto different identified waste products. In some embodiments, the symbols may include letters, numbers, geometric shapes, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may project the different symbols at the same time onto different waste products. In some embodiments, the waste product ID device  302  may project the different symbols substantially concurrently as the waste products are moved along the conveyor system  106 . 
     In the above-discussion, it is assumed that the waste product ID system  108  may identify the waste product by searching its database. Where the waste product cannot be identified from such a search, the system may store the captured optical data in the database for further processing at another time. In some embodiments, operators may access the unidentified data to identify it or to perform further research. Additionally, in some embodiments, over time, the waste product ID system  108  may communicate with one or more computing devices  304  through the network  306  to search various web sites to attempt to identify the waste product based on the optical data. Alternatively, or in addition, the waste product ID system  108  may communicate an alert to one or more computing devices  304  to acquire assistance in identifying the waste product based, at least in part, on the optical data. Further, optical data associated with unidentified waste products may be stored in memory  316  for subsequent processing. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     After sorting the waste products into suitable bins, the waste products may be processed again to further refine the sorting process. In an example, HHW waste products may be sorted a second time using an HHW specific sorting system, such as that described below with respect to  FIG. 4 . 
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view of a system  400  configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The system  400  may include a sorting system  402  configured to sort discarded products into an appropriate sorting bin. The system  400  may include a conveyor belt  404  configured to advance HHW products, such as the HHW product  422 , past a bar code reader  408  associated with a sorting controller  406 , which may optically scan the product using an optical device  408  (such as a bar code scanner, a camera, another type of optical sensor, or any combination thereof). The scan by the optical device  408  is generally indicated at  410 . In certain embodiments, an optical device  408  may be provided on either side of the conveyor belt  404 . 
     In certain embodiments, HHW items may be selected from bins  424  and may be placed on the conveyor belt  404 . Such placement may be automated (such as by a robotic mechanism) or manual by employees of the waste processing center. The sorting controller  406  may use the bar code data to identify a product, determine a bin  412  into which the product should be routed, and control an actuator arm  414  to extend over the conveyor belt  404  to direct the HHW product  422  into the selected bin  412 . Once the HHW product  422  is directed into the selected bin, the sorting controller  406  may send a signal to the actuator arm  414  to cause the actuator arm  414  to return to a resting state. Each actuator arm  414  and associated bin  412  may include a slide element  416 , which may be a sloped structure configured to ease the delivery of the HHW product  422  into the bin  412 . 
     In certain embodiments, sorting controller  406  may be unable to identify the HHW product  422  based on the optical data, and the sorting controller  406  may cause the conveyor belt  404  to advance the HHW product  422  past one or more optical sensors  418  configured to capture optical data associated with the HHW product  422 . The conveyor belt  404  may then deliver the HHW product  422  to a temporary storage bin  420 . In the illustrated example, multiple temporary bins  420  are shown. 
     In certain embodiments, when the sorting controller  406  cannot identify the HHW product, the optical data captured by the optical sensors  418  may be used to identify the HHW product  422 . In certain embodiments, the optical data may include images including pictures of the packaging, product name data, bar code data, other data, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the bar code data may not have been readable by the bar code readers  408  or may have been missing from an HHW product database accessible to the sorting controller  406  to sort the HHW product  422  into a suitable bin. 
     In certain embodiments, a processor may be configured to automatically search for similar shaped containers, product names, product labels, manufacturer names, SKU data, other information, or any combination thereof to identify the product and the corresponding composition of the HHW product. In certain embodiments, the results of the search may be presented within a GUI for review by an operator, who may populate a data record with such information so that subsequent scanning of a similar product will result in correct categorization of the product. In certain embodiments, HHW products in the temporary bin  420  may be re-processed so that they may be correctly categorized. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a system  500  configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The system  500  may include all of the elements of the system  400  of  FIG. 4 , except that the optical sensors  418  are moved to a position that is closer to the sorting controller  406 , providing a sorting apparatus  502 . In certain embodiments, the sorting controller  406  may include the processing circuitry for searching for product information for unidentified or unrecognized HHW products. In the illustrated example, the sorting controller  504  may include the circuitry of sorting controller  406  as well as circuitry for controlling the optical sensors  518 . In an alternative embodiment, the 
     In the illustrated example, the HHW product  422  was recognized by the sorting controller  504 , which controls the actuator arm  506  to extend over the conveyor belt in order to sweep the HHW product into the bin  508 . If the HHW product  422  was not recognized by the sorting controller  504 , the sorting controller  504  may control the optical sensors  518  to capture optical data associated with the HHW product  422  before advancing the HHW product into the temporary bin  420 . The optical data may then be used to attempt to assemble (automatically or manually) product information corresponding to the HHW product  422 . 
     In one embodiment, the optical sensors  518  may be positioned after a scale in a direction of the movement of the conveyor belt  404 . In another embodiment, the optical sensors  518  may be located just before the scale, adjacent to the scale, or at other locations before the conveyor belt  404  or along the path of the conveyor belt  404 , depending on the implementation. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     The examples of  FIGS. 4 and 5  depict automated systems that include a conveyor belt  404  and a sorting controller  406  or  504  configured to send control signals to actuator arms  414  to selectively extend or retract a selected one of the actuator arms  414  to direct the HHW product  422 . In an alternative embodiment, the sorting may be at least partially manual, and the sorting controller  406  and  504  may illuminate a light or activate another indicator associated with a selected bin to direct a worker to place the HHW product in the selected bin. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram of a portion  600  of a system configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The portion  600  may be part of the system  400  of  FIG. 4  or the system  500  of  FIG. 5 . The portion  600  includes the optical sensors  418 A and  418 B or  518 A and  518 B, for example, which may be positioned adjacent to the conveyor belt  404  to capture optical data associated with the HHW product  422 . 
     The optical sensors  418  or  518  may be coupled to a sorter control system  602 , which may include an HHW identification system  604  configured to determine identifying information about the HHW product  422  based on the optical data. The sorter control system  602  may further include a bin selection module  606  configured to determine a suitable bin for an HHW product  422  based on the identifying information. The sorter control system  602  may further include an actuator control circuit  608  configured to control at least one actuator arm  414  to extend across the conveyor belt  404  to sweep the HHW product  422  into the selected bin. 
     In certain embodiments, the HHW identification system  604  may include optical sensors (bar code readers, cameras, other optical sensors, or any combination thereof). Further, the HHW identification system  604  may include processing circuitry configured to process the optical data and to attempt to identify the HHW product based on the optical data. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry may search the Internet, one or more databases, other data sources, or any combination thereof. 
     In certain embodiments, the processing circuitry may generate a report including optical data (such as images) and other data (such as data appended to the images, data determined from the optical data, or any combination thereof) and may provide the report to one or more operators, a social media website, another site, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the system may host a website to encourage consumers to identify such unidentified products, and data collected from the operators, users, consumers, websites, and so on may be used to determine the product composition. Once determined, the information may be presented to an administrator or operator for review and confirmation. If confirmed, the data record for the HHW product may be appended to the database so that subsequent scans may be able to identify the product and the sorter control system  604  may sort the HHW product into the appropriate bin. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 7  is a block diagram of a system  700  configured to identify and sort HHW products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The system  700  may include elements of the system  400  of  FIG. 4 , the system  500  of  FIG. 5 , and the portion  600  of  FIG. 6 . The system  400  may include an HHW identification system  702  configured to communicate with one or more data sources  704  through a network  706 . The data sources  704  may include websites, company data, product data, social media data, other data, or any combination thereof. Further, the HHW identification system  702  may communicate with a database  708  including identified product data, one or more optical sensors  710 , and one or more actuators  738  (or actuator control circuits). 
     The HHW identification system  702  may include a network interface  712 , which may communicate with the network  706 , and may include a processor  714  coupled to the network interface  712 . Further, the processor  714  may be coupled to the database  708  through an interface  718 , to the optical sensors  710  through an interface  720 , and to the one or more actuators  738  through an interface  736 . The processor  714  may also be coupled to a memory  716 , which may store data and processor-readable instructions. The memory  716  may include a hard disc drive, a flash drive, cache memory, optical storage devices (such as compact discs (CDs) and digital video discs (DVDs)), other non-volatile storage devices, or any combination thereof. 
     The memory  716  may include an optical data processing module  722  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to process the optical data, to extract the bar code information, to extract label information (such as a product identifier, a manufacturer, product data, or any combination thereof), to extract image data, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the optical data processing module  722  may cause the processor  714  to perform optical character recognition (OCR) on the product label to extract text information from the optical data. The memory  716  may also include a bar code reader module  724  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to control one or more bar code readers to scan bar code data associated with packaging of an HHW product. In certain embodiments, the bar code reader module  724  may cause the processor  714  to determine a bar code from bar code data received from the optical data processing module  722 . 
     The memory  716  may further include a product search module  726  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to search the database  708  and the one or more data sources  704  based on information determined from the optical data, the bar code data, or any combination thereof. The memory  716  may include a product identification module  728  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to identify the HHW product based on the optical data, the bar code data, and retrieved data from the database  708 , the data sources  704 , or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the product identification module  728  may further cause the processor  714  to determine a bin in which to place an identified HHW product so that products having similar chemical compositions may be grouped together. 
     The memory  716  may also include a report generator  730  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to generate an interface (such as a graphical user interface or GUI), which may include data corresponding to one or more unidentified HHW products, optical data associated with the HHW products, data from the one or more data sources  704 , product data from the database  708 , other data, or any combination thereof. The report generator  730  may cause the processor  714  to provide the GUI to a destination device, such as a smart phone, a laptop computer, or another computing device. The destination device may be operated by a user, such as an administrator, an operator, or another type of user. The user may interact with the GUI via the destination device to review the HHW data and to update the record of a selected HHW product. 
     In certain embodiments, the memory  716  may include a label generator  732  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to determine when a bin of a particular HHW product is full (by weight, number of product items, another factor, available bin space, or any combination thereof) and t generate a manifest for a particular bin of HHW products having a similar composition when the bin is full. The memory  716  may also include an actuator control module  734  that, when executed, may cause the processor  714  to provide a control signal to one or more actuators  738  to selectively adjust a rotational position (extended or retracted position) of an actuator arm (such as the actuator arms  414  and  506  in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , respectively) to direct an HHW product to a selected bin. 
     In certain embodiments, the product search module  726  and the product identification module  728  may cooperate to cause the processor  714  to automatically attempt to identify the HHW product from the optical data. In certain embodiments, the product search module  726  may search available data sources to identify associated product information. The product identification module  728  may attempt to correlate the product information with the optical data and other data. Further, the product identification module  728  may interact with the report generator  730  to produce an output GUI that may be presented to an operator for verification. 
     In certain embodiments, the HHW identification system  702  may include an interface  740  coupled to the processor  714 . The interface  740  may be coupled to a scale  742 , which may be associated with the conveyor system in order to weigh HHW products. In certain embodiments, the processor  714  may correlate the weight to the optical data of an HHW product and the weight may be correlated to an identified product, when the processor  714  can determine the product based on the optical data. 
     In some embodiments, the product identification module  728  may utilize data determined from the optical data to search various data sources, for example, via the Internet. In some embodiments, the product identification module  728  may interact with one or more web sites to search or to post information about an unidentified HHW product to solicit information from consumers. For example, identifying data may be received from one or more social media websites, which may be in response to a request for information including a report about the HHW product. Some social media participants may find it an interesting challenge to identify such products based on image data, and may provide data that can be used to identify the HHW product. In some embodiments, the challenge may be instituted with a prize to entice users to assist in identifying the HHW product, where the prize may be awarded to the user that provides usable and verifiable information. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 8  is a flow diagram of a method  800  of identifying waste products, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  802 , the method  800  may include receiving optical data corresponding to a waste product from at least one optical sensor. The optical sensors may be configured to capture images of the waste product. In some embodiments, the optical sensors may include cameras configured to capture images, hyperspectral cameras configured to capture optical data across a range of the electromagnetic spectrum, ultraviolet sensors, infrared sensors, and other optical sensors. 
     At  804 , the method  800  may include searching a database to automatically identify the waste product. In some embodiments, the system may process the optical data automatically to attempt to identify the waste product based on correlations between stored optical data associated with an identified waste product and the images captured by the optical sensors. 
     At  806 , if a waste product is not identified from the optical data, the method  800  may include storing the optical data in a database, at  808 . The optical data may include the brand name, the product type, the bar code, images, other identifying data, or any combination thereof. In some instances, the packaging may be worn or partially obscured, making identification difficult. Optical data associated with unidentified waste products may be stored in the database. Otherwise, if the waste product is identified at  806 , the method  800  may include determining a sort destination for the waste product, at  810 . In an example, the sort destination may include a bin, a palette, a box, or another temporary storage location. 
     At  812 , the method  800  may include selectively controlling at least one optical transmitter to visibly mark the waste product. In an example, the optical transmitter may direct a laser beam or other visible marker on the waste product. In some embodiments, the visible marker may have a selected color, which may correspond to the color of a corresponding light above the bin or other sorting destination to assist a worker in capturing and relocating the identified waste product to its selected destination. 
     In an embodiment, the waste products may be placed on a conveyor belt or other moving structure to advance the waste product past the optical sensors. The system may determine the rate of the conveyor belt and may track the progress of the waste product as it moves along the conveyor belt. The optical transmitter may be controlled to track the progress of the waste product and to maintain the visible marker on the waste product as it is moved. 
     At  814 , the method  800  may include selectively controlling at least one light to illuminate a destination bin for the waste product. In some embodiments, the at least one light may have a color that may correspond to the color of the visible marker. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     The method  800  further includes repeating. In particular, after storing the optical data at  802  or after selectively controlling at least one light to illuminate a destination bin, the method  800  may return to  802 . At  802 , the method  800  may include receiving optical data corresponding to a next waste product. 
     In the example of  FIG. 8 , the method  800  may be used to sort waste products into suitable bins for further sorting. By applying a visible marker (such as a beam of light) on the waste product as it moves along the conveyor belt, a worker can readily see the identified product, can retrieve the product, and place the product into a bin that may be illuminated to assist the worker. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     Once the waste products are sorted into their selected bins, the bins may be delivered to another sorting system, such as a recycling system, an HHW sorting system, another sorting system, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the waste sorting system may identify waste products and apply visible markers to the waste products for sorting them into an appropriate bin. In some examples, the identified product may be an HHW product that may then be sorted into an HHW bin, or into a bin that is more particular to the type of HHW product. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 9  is a flow diagram of a method  900  of recovering an HHW product for repurposing, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  902 , the method  900  may include capturing optical data corresponding to an HHW product. The optical data may be captured by one or more optical sensors positioned adjacent to a conveyor belt. In some embodiments, the one or more optical sensors can include a portable camera, a moveable camera, one or more fixed cameras, bar code scanners, other optical sensors, or any combination thereof. 
     At  904 , the method  900  may include determining a composition of the HHW product based on the optical data. In certain embodiments, the process of determining the composition may include a variety of operations. In some embodiments, the composition may be determined by looking up the HHW product in a database based on data extracted from the optical data, including a bar code, a product name, a company name, a shape of the packaging, other data, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the composition may be determined by generating a report including the optical data and other data and sending the report to a manufacturer (or seller) of the product requesting product details. The composition may then be determined based on the response from the manufacturer. In some embodiments, the composition may be determined from research performed by an operator, by a search automatically performed based on the optical data, from another source, or any combination thereof. 
     At  906 , the method  900  may include sorting the HHW product into a selected bin. In certain embodiments, the HHW product may be sorted into a bin of similar products. In an example, bleach products may be sorted into a first bin, while phosphate-based laundry detergents may be sorted into a second bin, and so on. 
     At  908 , the method  900  may include applying a shipping manifest to the selected bin when the bin is full to repurpose the HHW products. In certain embodiments, each HHW product may be weighed and identified before the HHW product is directed into a particular bin. When the bin reaches a pre-determined weight, when the bin is full (based on area) or when the bin has a pre-determined number of items, the manifest may be generated. 
       FIG. 10  is a flow diagram of a method  1000  of identifying an HHW product, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  1002 , the method  1000  may include capturing optical data associated with an unidentified waste product. At  1004 , the method  1000  may further include automatically communicating with one or more data sources to identify the waste product. The one or more data sources may include websites, company data, product data, social media websites, other sources, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the system may process the optical data to perform optical character recognition (OCR) to extract text data, which may be used to search the data sources. 
     At  1006 , the method  1000  may include receiving data from the one or more data sources. The data may include images, text, documents in various formats, or any combination thereof. Further, the data may be used to identify the HHW product. In certain embodiments, the received data, the images, and other information may be provided within a GUI to an operator to verify the identification. 
     At  1008 , the method  1000  may include storing the data in the database with the optical data. In certain embodiments, the stored data may include a verified identification of the HHW product. In some embodiments, the retrieved data and the images may be stored for later retrieval and verification. Other embodiments are also possible. 
       FIG. 11  is a flow diagram of a method  1100  of selectively sorting an HHW product based on image data, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  1102 , the method  1100  may include capturing optical data associated with a waste product. At  1104 , the method  1100  may include processing the optical to determine identifying features of the packaging associated with the waste product. In certain embodiments, the identified features may include a bar code, text from the label, a shape of the bottle, other data, or any combination thereof. 
     At  1106 , the method  1100  may include searching a database to identify the waste product based on the identified features. At  1108 , if the waste product is identified, the method  1100  may include selectively sorting the waste product into a bin of waste products of similar composition, at  1110 . Otherwise, at  1108 , if the waste product is not identified, the method  1100  may include selectively sorting the waste product into a bin of unknown products for storage until the waste product composition can be determined, at  1112 . 
       FIG. 12  is a flow diagram of a method  1200  of determining an HHW product, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  1202 , the method  1200  may include receiving one or more optical data associated with a waste product. At  1204 , the method  1200  may include identifying a bar code associated with the product. In some examples, the bar code may be identified from the optical data. The bar code may then be used to search one or more databases, websites, documents, or any combination thereof. 
     At  1206 , if the bar code is not known, the method  1200  may include determining whether the manufacturer is known, at  1208 . The manufacturer may be determined from an optical character recognition operation performed on the optical data. If the manufacturer is known, the method  1200  may include generating a report to the manufacturer requesting information about the product, at  1210 . At  1212 , the method  1200  may further include sending the report to the manufacturer. The manufacturer may respond with data about the product, which may be appended to a database record corresponding to the product. 
     Returning to  1208 , if the manufacturer is not known or cannot be determined (such as if the product label is torn or removed), the method  1200  may include generating a report including optical data (such as product images) and information about the product, at  1214 . Such information may include any data that can be determined from the optical data or by employees. At  1216 , the method  1200  may include automatically searching one or more data sources based on the report. The one or more data sources may include web sites, databases, social media sites, other data sources, or any combination thereof. At  1218 , the method  1200  may include optionally providing the report to one or more social media sites. As discussed above, it may be possible to entice consumers to try to solve the puzzle of the unidentified product. In some embodiments, a bounty may be offered to pay for information about the unidentified product, provided such information can be verified. 
     In certain embodiments, data received from the one or more data sources or determined from the social media sites may be aggregated and provided in a report to an operator, who may evaluate the veracity of the data to identify the product. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     Returning to  1206 , if a bar code is available, the method  1200  may include searching a database to determine information about the waste product based on the bar code, at  1220 . The method  1200  may then include, at  1222 , advancing to the method  1300  in  FIG. 13 . 
       FIG. 13  is a flow diagram of a method  1300  of recovering HHW products for repurposing, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. At  1220 , the method  1300  may include searching a database to determine information about the waste product based on the bar code. At  1302 , if the product is not identified based on the database search, the method  1300  may include storing the waste product in a bin for a subsequent re-sort. The method  1300  may then include, at  1306 , advancing to  1208  in  FIG. 12 . 
     Returning to  1302 , if the product is identified, the method  1300  may include automatically weighing the waste product, at  1308 . At  1310 , the method  1300  may include selectively guiding the waste product into a bin that includes other waste products of similar composition. 
     At  1312 , the method  1300  includes determining if the bin is full. The bin may be full if the bin includes a pre-determined number of items, if the bin has reached a pre-determined weight, if some other pre-determined parameter is met, or any combination thereof. If the bin is not full at  1312 , the method  1300  includes receiving bar code data, at  1314 . The method  1300  then returns to  1220  to search the database. 
     Otherwise, at  1312 , if the bin is full, the method  1300  may include generating a shipping manifest for the contents of the bin, at  1316 . The method  1300  may further include producing a palette including the contents of the bin and including the shipping manifest, at  1318 . 
     In certain embodiments, the devices, systems, and methods discussed above with respect to  FIGS. 1-13  make it possible to intercept waste products at a waste processing facility and to re-route the waste products to a destination other than a landfill, such as a recycling destination, a repurposing destination, another destination, or any combination thereof. Further, once re-routed, the waste products may be further processed to refine the sorting operation. For example, HHW waste products may be further processed by an HHW sorting system before they are classified as hazardous based on optical data captured from the product packaging. These items may then be categorized with other similar products to produce a bin of similar products that can be re-purposed or otherwise diverted from an expensive disposal option to a cheaper option by identifying the product composition from the information derived from the product packaging (either directly, by searching a database, or by search other data sources). 
       FIG. 14  is a diagram  1400  of an interface  1402  for identifying an unknown HHW product for repurposing, if possible, in accordance with certain embodiments of the present disclosure. The interface  1402  may include image data, text data, and user-selectable options accessible by a user to select a product and to update the product information. The user may import data by selecting an “Import Data” button and/or may update text fields with information about an HHW product, such as bleach. Changes may then be saved by selecting a “Save” button or may be canceled by selecting a “Cancel” button. 
     In some embodiments the interface  1402  may include one or more selectable tabs. In one example, the interface  1402  may include a “Browse Products” tab and may include a “Selected HHW Product” tab. The user may select a product by interacting with the “Browse Products” tab and may update the product information using the fields and selectable options available in the “Selected HHW Product” tab. 
     While the example of  FIG. 14  shows buttons, tabs, and text fields, in certain embodiments, the interface  1402  may include clickable links, pull-down menus, check boxes, radio buttons, other user-selectable options, or any combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the interface  1402  may be rendered within an Internet browser application. In other embodiments, the interface  1402  may be rendered as a part of a stand-alone software application. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     In conjunction with the systems, methods, devices, and GUIs described above with respect to  FIGS. 1-14 , a waste product ID system is described that may include one or more optical sensors configured to capture optical data associated with a waste product on a conveyor system, for example. The waste product ID system may identify the waste product by comparing the optical data to data stored in a database. In response to identifying the waste product, the waste product ID system may apply a visible marker to the waste product and maintain the visible marker on the waste product as it moves along the conveyor system. The visible marker may be a light beam, which may have a color or shape, depending on the implementation. In some embodiments, the waste product ID system may control one or more lights associated with destination bins to direct a worker (or device) to provide the waste product to the destination bin. Other embodiments are also possible. 
     The processes, machines, and manufactures (and improvements thereof) described herein are particularly useful improvements for processing waste products including recyclable products and HHW products. Further, the embodiments and examples herein provide improvements in the technology of waste product sorting systems. In addition, embodiments and examples herein provide improvements to the functioning of a waste sorting system by processing optical data to identify types of waste products and by applying a visible marker to the identified waste products to assist in sorting. Further, the system may be configured to further process optical data from unknown waste products to identify product information so that subsequent sorting operations may identify the product. 
     Thus, the improvements herein provide for technical advantages, such as providing a system in which waste products can be identified based on optical data and can be diverted to a suitable destination for further processing, including diverting HHW products from burning so that they can be optionally repurposed or sold. In certain embodiments, the identified products can be diverted to a less expensive disposal option as compared to burning. 
     While technical fields, descriptions, improvements, and advantages are discussed herein, these are not exhaustive and the embodiments and examples provided herein can apply to other technical fields, can provide further technical advantages, can provide for improvements to other technologies, and can provide other benefits to technology. Further, each of the embodiments and examples may include any one or more improvements, benefits and advantages presented herein. 
     The illustrations, examples, and embodiments described herein are intended to provide a general understanding of the structure of various embodiments. The illustrations are not intended to serve as a complete description of all of the elements and features of apparatus and systems that utilize the structures or methods described herein. Many other embodiments may be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the disclosure. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived from the disclosure, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. For example, in the flow diagrams presented herein, in certain embodiments, blocks may be removed or combined without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Further, structural and functional elements within the diagram may be combined, in certain embodiments, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Moreover, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any subsequent arrangement designed to achieve the same or similar purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. 
     This disclosure is intended to cover any and all subsequent adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the examples, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the description. Additionally, the illustrations are merely representational and may not be drawn to scale. Certain proportions within the illustrations may be exaggerated, while other proportions may be reduced. Accordingly, the disclosure and the figures are to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive.