Patent Publication Number: US-2023155056-A1

Title: Light-emitting device

Description:
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/496,155, filed on Oct. 7, 2021, which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/673,008, filed on Nov. 4, 2019, now issued. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The application relates to a light-emitting device, and more particularly, to a light-emitting device including a plurality of light-emitting elements and a connecting electrode portion formed between the plurality of light-emitting elements. 
     DESCRIPTION OF BACKGROUND ART 
     Light-Emitting Diode (LED) is a solid-state semiconductor light-emitting device, which has the advantages of low power consumption, low heat generation, long working lifetime, shockproof, small volume, fast reaction speed and good photoelectric property, such as stable emission wavelength. Therefore, light-emitting diodes are widely used in household appliances, equipment indicators, and optoelectronic products. 
     SUMMARY OF THE APPLICATION 
     A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a semiconductor stack including a first semiconductor layer, an active layer and a second semiconductor layer formed on the substrate, wherein a portion of the top surface of the substrate is exposed; a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) formed on the semiconductor stack and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate; a metal layer formed on the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate and being insulated with the semiconductor stack; and a passivation layer formed on the metal layer and contacting the portion of the top surface of the substrate. 
     A light-emitting device includes a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements formed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a first column and a second plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a second column; a plurality of lower electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of upper electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of bottom electrode portions formed on the plurality of lower electrodes; and a plurality of top electrode portions formed on the plurality of upper electrodes, wherein in a top view of the light-emitting device, the plurality of bottom electrode portions each includes a first surface area smaller than a second surface area of each of the plurality of top electrode portions. 
     A light-emitting device includes a substrate including a top surface; a plurality of light-emitting elements formed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a first column, a second plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a second column, and the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are separated by a trench, wherein each of the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first semiconductor layer, a second semiconductor layer, and an active layer formed between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, wherein the first plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first light-emitting element, and the second plurality of light-emitting elements includes a second light-emitting element; a first lower electrode formed on the first semiconductor layer of the first light-emitting element; a first upper electrode formed on the second semiconductor layer of the first light-emitting element; and a first bottom electrode portion contacting the first lower electrode and a first top electrode portion contacting the first upper electrode, wherein the first bottom electrode portion covers the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element and/or the first top electrode portion covers the first light-emitting element and the second light-emitting element. 
     A light-emitting device includes a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements formed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a first column, a second plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a second column, and the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are separated by a trench; a plurality of lower electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of upper electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of bottom electrode portions formed on the plurality of lower electrodes and covering the trench; and a plurality of top electrode portions formed on the plurality of upper electrodes. 
     A light-emitting device includes a substrate; a plurality of light-emitting elements formed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a first column, a second plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on a second column, and the first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are separated by a trench; a plurality of lower electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of upper electrodes formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements; a plurality of bottom electrode portions formed on the plurality of lower electrodes; and a plurality of top electrode portions formed on the plurality of upper electrodes and covering the trench. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device  1  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; 
         FIG.  2    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device  1  of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 1 -A 2 -A′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  4    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B 1 -B 2 -B′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  5    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  6    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  8    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  9    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  10    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  11    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device la in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; 
         FIG.  12    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device la of  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  13    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  14    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device  1   b  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; 
         FIG.  15    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device  1   b  of  FIG.  14   ; 
         FIG.  16    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J′ of  FIG.  14   ; 
         FIG.  17    illustrates a schematic view of a light-emitting apparatus  2  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application; and 
         FIG.  18    illustrates a schematic view of a light-emitting apparatus  3  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The embodiment of the application is illustrated in detail, and is plotted in the drawings. The same or the similar part is illustrated in the drawings and the specification with the same number. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device  1  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.  FIG.  2    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device  1  of  FIG.  1   .  FIG.  3    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 1 -A 2 -A′ of  FIG.  1   . 
     The light-emitting device  1  includes a street  100   d  surrounding the light-emitting device  1 . The light-emitting device  1  includes a substrate  10  including a top surface  100   s  and part of the top surface  100   s  is exposed on the street  100   d.  The light-emitting device  1  further includes a plurality of light-emitting elements formed on the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 . The plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first light-emitting element C 1 , a second light-emitting element C 2 , a third light-emitting element C 3 , a fourth light-emitting element C 4 , a fifth light-emitting element C 5 , a sixth light-emitting element C 6  and a seventh light-emitting element C 7  formed on the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 . Each of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  includes a semiconductor stack  20 . The semiconductor stack  20  includes a first semiconductor layer  21 , an active layer  23  and a second semiconductor layer  22 . The plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  is separated from each other by a plurality of trenches. The plurality of trenches includes a first trench T 12 , a second trench T 23 , a third trench T 34 , a fourth trench T 45 , a fifth trench T 56  and a sixth trench T 67 . The first trench T 12  is formed between the first light-emitting element C 1  and the second light-emitting element C 2 . The second trench T 23  is formed between the second light-emitting element C 2  and the third light-emitting element C 3 . The third trench T 34  is formed between the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . The fourth trench T 45  is formed between the fourth light-emitting element C 4  and the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . The fifth trench T 56  is formed between the fifth light-emitting element C 5  and the sixth light-emitting element C 6 . The sixth trench T 67  is formed between the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The plurality of trenches T 12 , T 23 , T 34 , T 45 , T 56  and T 67  exposes the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 . 
     The plurality of light-emitting elements may be arranged to form a matrix having a rectangular shape in the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , for example, the plurality of light-emitting elements is arranged to form one column, or the plurality of light-emitting elements is arranged to form a plurality of columns. In the embodiment, the plurality of light-emitting elements includes a first plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in a first column and a second plurality of light-emitting elements arranged in a second column. The first plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the first light-emitting element C 1 , the second light-emitting element C 2 , the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 , is arranged in the first column. The second plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , is arranged in the second column. The light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  are arranged to form a rectangular array. The first plurality of light-emitting elements may include an amount different from that of the second plurality of light-emitting elements. In another embodiment, the first plurality of light-emitting elements may include an amount same as that of the second plurality of light-emitting elements. 
     The substrate  10  can be a growth substrate, including gallium arsenide (GaAs) wafer for growing aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), or sapphire (Al 2 O 3 ) wafer, gallium nitride (GaN) wafer or silicon carbide (SiC) wafer for growing gallium nitride (GaN), indium gallium nitride (InGaN) or aluminum gallium nitride (AlGaN). In another embodiment, the substrate  10  can be a support substrate, the semiconductor stack  20  which was originally epitaxially grown on the growth substrate can be transferred to the support substrate, and the growth substrate originally used for epitaxial growth is optionally removed according to the requirements of the application. 
     The semiconductor stack  20  includes a buffer layer (not shown) formed between the first semiconductor layer  21  and the substrate  10  which can release the stress caused by lattice mismatch between the materials of the substrate  10  and the first semiconductor layer  21  so the lattice dislocation and the lattice defect are reduced and the epitaxial quality of the semiconductor stack  20  is improved. The buffer layer includes a single layer or a structure including a plurality of layers. In an embodiment, an aluminum nitride (AlN) layer formed by using PVD method can be the buffer layer formed between the first semiconductor layer  21  and the substrate  10  to improve the epitaxial quality of the semiconductor stack  20 . In an embodiment, the method for forming the aluminum nitride (AlN) is PVD, and the target is made of aluminum nitride. In another embodiment, a target made of aluminum reacts with a nitrogen source to form the aluminum nitride. 
     The wavelength of the light emitted from the light-emitting device  1  is adjusted by changing the physical and chemical composition of one or more layers in the semiconductor stack  20 . The material of the semiconductor stack  20  includes a group III-V semiconductor material, such as Al x In y Ga (1-x-y) N or Al x In y Ga (1-x-y) P, wherein 0≤x, y≤1; (x+y)≤1. According to the material of the active layer  23 , when the material of the semiconductor stack  20  includes AlInGaP series material, red light having a wavelength between 610 nm and 650 nm or yellow light having a wavelength between 550 nm and 570 nm can be emitted. When the material of the semiconductor stack  20  includes InGaN series material, blue or deep blue light having a wavelength between 400 nm and 490 nm or green light having a wavelength between 490 nm and 550 nm can be emitted. When the material of the semiconductor stack  20  includes AlGaN series material, UV light having a wavelength between 400 nm and 250 nm can be emitted. 
     The first semiconductor layer  21  and the second semiconductor layer  22  can be cladding layers, have different conductivity types, electrical properties, polarities, or doping elements for providing electrons or holes. For example, the first semiconductor layer  21  is an n-type semiconductor and the second semiconductor layer  22  is a p-type semiconductor. The active layer  23  is formed between the first semiconductor layer  21  and the second semiconductor layer  22 . The electrons and holes combine in the active layer  23  under a current driving to convert electric energy into light energy and then light is emitted from the active layer  23 . The active layer  23  can be a single heterostructure (SH), a double heterostructure (DH), a double-side double heterostructure (DDH), or a multi-quantum well structure (MQW). The material of the active layer  23  can be i-type, p-type, or n-type semiconductor. The first semiconductor layer  21 , the active layer  23 , or the second semiconductor layer  22  can be a single layer or a structure including a plurality of layers. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  2   , selective etching is performed on the semiconductor stack  20  to remove portions of the active layer  23  and the second semiconductor layer  22  to form contact openings exposing the first semiconductor layer  21 , mesas including the active layer  23  and the second semiconductor layer  22 , and surrounding parts including the first semiconductor layer  21  and surrounding the mesas respectively. In the embodiment, a plurality of contact openings including a first contact opening  2001 , a second contact opening  2002 , a third contact opening  2003 , a fourth contact opening  2004 , a fifth contact opening  2005 , a sixth contact opening  2006  and a seventh contact opening  2007  is formed to expose a portion of the first semiconductor layers  21 . A plurality of surrounding parts including a first surrounding part  201   s,  a second surrounding part  202   s,  a third surrounding part  203   s,  a fourth surrounding part  204   s,  a fifth surrounding part  205   s,  a sixth surrounding part  206   s  and a seventh surrounding part  207   s  is formed to expose a portion of the first semiconductor layers  21 . A plurality of mesas, including a first mesa  201 , a second mesa  202 , a third mesa  203 , a fourth mesa  204 , a fifth mesa  205 , a sixth mesa  206  and a seventh mesa  207 , is formed and respectively surrounded by the first surrounding part  201   s,  the second surrounding part  202   s,  the third surrounding part  203   s,  the fourth surrounding part  204   s,  the fifth surrounding part  205   s,  the sixth surrounding part  206   s  and the seventh surrounding part  207   s.  The contact openings  2001 ,  2002 ,  2003 ,  2004 ,  2005 ,  2006  and  2007  have a range of inclination angles, such as 10 to 75 degrees, with respect to the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10  or a surface of the first semiconductor layer  21 . 
     The first contact opening  2001 , the second contact opening  2002 , the third contact opening  2003 , the fifth contact opening  2005 , the sixth contact opening  2006  and the seventh contact opening  2007  are respectively surrounded by the second semiconductor layers  22  of the first mesa  201 , the second mesa  202 , the third mesa  203 , the fifth mesa  205 , the sixth mesa  206  and the seventh mesa  207 . The fourth contact opening  2004  is formed at a periphery of the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . 
     In an embodiment, the light-emitting element, such as the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7  may further include an auxiliary contact opening formed adjacent to the surrounding part of the light-emitting element, wherein the auxiliary contact opening and the surrounding part are continuously connected. For example, as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  2   , the fifth light-emitting element C 5  includes a fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′ formed adjacent to the fifth surrounding part  205   s,  the sixth light-emitting element C 6  includes a sixth auxiliary contact opening  2006 ′ formed adjacent to the sixth surrounding part  206   s  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7  includes a seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′ formed adjacent to the seventh surrounding part  207   s.    
     As shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  3   , a plurality of current blocking layers, including a first current blocking layer  301 , a second current blocking layer  302 , a third current blocking layer  303 , a fourth current blocking layer  304 , a fifth current blocking layer  305 , a sixth current blocking layer  306  and a seventh current blocking layer  307 , is respectively formed on the second semiconductor layers  22  of the plurality of mesas  201 ,  202 ,  203 ,  204 ,  205 ,  206  and  207 . The plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  includes a non-conductive material including aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), titanium oxide (TiO x ), or magnesium fluoride (MgF x ). In an embodiment, the plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  includes two or more materials of different refractive indices alternately stacked to form a Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR). In an embodiment, the Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) is laminated with sub-layers of SiO 2  and TiO 2 , or SiO 2  and Nb 2 O 5  to selectively reflect light of a specific wavelength, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device  1 . When the peak emission wavelength of the light-emitting device  1  is λ, the optical thickness of the Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) can an integral multiple of λ/4. The peak emission wavelength refers to the wavelength having a strongest intensity in the emission spectrum of the light-emitting device  1 . The thickness of the Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) may have a deviation of ±30% on the basis of an integral multiple of the optical thickness λ/4. 
     As shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  3   , a plurality of conductive layers, including a first conductive layer  401 , a second conductive layer  402 , a third conductive layer  403 , a fourth conductive layer  404 , a fifth conductive layer  405 , a sixth conductive layer  406  and a seventh conductive layer  407 , is respectively formed on the second semiconductor layers  22  of the plurality of mesas  201 ,  202 ,  203 ,  204 ,  205 ,  206  and  207  and/or the plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307 . Each of the plurality of conductive layers  401 ,  402 ,  403 ,  404 ,  405 ,  406  and  407  occupies an area larger than 70%, preferably larger than 80%, and more preferably larger than 90% of an entire area of the second semiconductor layer  22  of the mesa which each conductive layer is formed on. The plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  is formed between the second semiconductor layers  22  and the plurality of conductive layers  401 ,  402 ,  403 ,  404 ,  405 ,  406  and  407 . The material of the plurality of conductive layers  401 ,  402 ,  403 ,  404 ,  405 ,  406  and  407  includes a light-transmitting conductive oxide or a light-transmitting metal. The light-transmitting conductive oxide includes indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc indium tin oxide (ZITO), zinc indium oxide (ZIO), zinc tin oxide (ZTO), gallium indium tin oxide (GITO), gallium indium oxide (GIO) or gallium zinc oxide (GZO). The light-transmitting conductive oxide includes various dopants such as aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) or fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO). The light-transmitting metal includes nickel (Ni) or gold (Au). 
     As shown in  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , a plurality of lower electrodes, including a first lower electrode  5011 , a second lower electrode  5012 , a third lower electrode  5013 , a fourth lower electrode  5014 , a fifth lower electrode  5015 , a sixth lower electrode  5016 , a seventh lower electrode  5017 , is respectively formed on the first semiconductor layers  21  of the first contact opening  2001 , the second contact opening  2002 , the third contact opening  2003 , the fourth contact opening  2004 , the fifth contact opening  2005 , the sixth contact opening  2006  and the seventh contact opening  2007  of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 . In the embodiment, the plurality of lower electrodes further includes a fifth auxiliary lower electrode  5015 ′, a sixth auxiliary lower electrode  5016 ′ and a seventh auxiliary lower electrode  5017 ′ respectively formed on the first semiconductor layers  21  of the fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′, the sixth auxiliary contact opening  2006 ′ and the seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′. A plurality of upper electrodes, including a first upper electrode  5021 , a second upper electrode  5022 , a third upper electrode  5023 , a fourth upper electrode  5024 , a fifth upper electrode  5025 , a sixth upper electrode  5026 , a seventh upper electrode  5027 , is respectively formed on the second semiconductor layers  22  or the plurality of conductive layers  401 ,  402 ,  403 ,  404 ,  405 ,  406  and  407  of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 . The plurality of lower electrodes  5011 ,  5012 ,  5013 ,  5014 ,  5015 ,  5016 ,  5017 , the auxiliary lower electrodes  5015 ′,  5016 ′,  5017 ′, and/or the plurality of upper electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 ,  5027  includes a metal material including chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), indium (In), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt) or an alloy of the above materials. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  includes a shape respectively corresponding to that of the plurality of upper electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 , and  5027 . In another embodiment, each of the plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  includes a shape different from that of the plurality of upper electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 , and  5027 . In particular, the shape of an enlarged portion of the current blocking layer is different from that of an enlarged portion of the upper electrode formed thereon. Each of the plurality of current blocking layers  301 ,  302 ,  303 ,  304 ,  305 ,  306  and  307  is respectively formed under the plurality of upper electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 ,  5027 . 
     In each of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7 , an amount of the plurality of lower electrodes is smaller than that of the plurality of upper electrodes. In the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 , the lower electrode is disposed between two upper electrodes. In an embodiment, one of the light-emitting elements, such as the fourth light-emitting element C 4 , includes same amount of the lower electrode and the upper electrode. 
     The lower electrodes and the upper electrodes of the light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2  and C 3  respectively include same electrode layout. The lower electrode and the upper electrode of the light-emitting elements C 5 , C 6  and C 7  respectively include same electrode layout. The electrode layouts of the lower electrode and the upper electrode of the light-emitting element C 4  are respectively different from that of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2  and C 3 , and that of the plurality of light-emitting elements C 5 , C 6  and C 7 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , an insulating layer  60  is formed on the substrate  10 , portions of the first semiconductor layer  21  of the plurality of contact openings  2001 ,  2002 ,  2003 ,  2004 ,  2005 ,  2006  and  2007 , the auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′,  2006 ′ and  2007 ′, and the plurality of mesas  201 ,  202 ,  203 ,  204 ,  205 ,  206  and  207 . The insulating layer  60  includes a plurality of lower openings including one or more first lower opening  6011 , one or more second lower opening  6012 , one or more third lower opening  6013 , one or more fourth lower opening  6014 , one or more fifth lower opening  6015 , one or more sixth lower opening  6016  and one or more seventh lower opening  6017  respectively formed on the plurality of contact openings  2001 ,  2002 ,  2003 ,  2004 ,  2005 ,  2006  and  2007 . In the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , the fifth lower opening  6015 , the sixth lower opening  6016  and the seventh lower opening  6017  are respectively formed on the fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′, the sixth auxiliary contact opening  2006 ′ and the seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′. The insulating layer  60  further includes a plurality of upper openings including a first upper opening  6021 , a second upper opening  6022 , a third upper opening  6023 , a fourth upper opening  6024 , a fifth upper opening  6025 , a sixth upper opening  6026  and a seventh upper opening  6027  formed on the plurality of mesas  201 ,  202 ,  203 ,  204 ,  205 ,  206  and  207 . The plurality of lower electrodes  5011 ,  5012 ,  5013 ,  5014 ,  5015 ,  5016 ,  5017  is exposed by the plurality of lower openings  6011 ,  6012 ,  6013 ,  6014 ,  6015 ,  6016  and  6017 . In the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , the fifth auxiliary lower electrode  5015 ′, the sixth auxiliary lower electrode  5016 ′ and the seventh auxiliary lower electrode  5017 ′ are respectively exposed by the fifth lower opening  6015 , the sixth lower opening  6016  and the seventh lower opening  6017 . The plurality of second electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 ,  5027  is exposed by the plurality of upper openings  6021 ,  6022 ,  6023 ,  6024 ,  6025 ,  6026  and  6027 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   ,  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , the light-emitting device  1  includes a plurality of fan electrodes including a first fan electrode  71 , a second fan electrode  72 , a third fan electrode  73 , a fourth fan electrode  74 , a fifth fan electrode  75 , a sixth fan electrode  76  and a seventh fan electrode  77 . 
     The first fan electrode  71  includes a first bottom electrode portion  711  and a first top electrode portion  712 . The second fan electrode  72  includes a second bottom electrode portion  721  and a second top electrode portion  722 . The third fan electrode  73  includes a third bottom electrode portion  731  and a third top electrode portion  732 . The fourth fan electrode  74  includes a fourth bottom electrode portion  741  and a fourth top electrode portion  742 . The fifth fan electrode  75  includes a fifth bottom electrode portion  751  and a fifth top electrode portion  752 . The sixth fan electrode  76  includes a sixth bottom electrode portion  761  and a sixth top electrode portion  762 . The seventh fan electrode  77  includes a seventh bottom electrode portion  771  and a seventh top electrode portion  772 . 
     The first bottom electrode portion  711 , the second bottom electrode portion  721 , the third bottom electrode portion  731 , the fourth bottom electrode portion  741 , the fifth bottom electrode portion  751 , the sixth bottom electrode portion  761  and the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  are correspondingly formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 , and contacting the plurality of lower electrodes  5011 ,  5012 ,  5013 ,  5014 ,  5015 ,  5016 ,  5017  through the plurality of lower openings of the insulating layer  6011 ,  6012 ,  6013 ,  6014 ,  6015 ,  6016  and  6017 . In the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , the fifth bottom electrode portion  751 , the sixth bottom electrode portion  761  and the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  are correspondingly formed on the light-emitting elements C 5 , C 6  and C 7 , contacting the fifth auxiliary lower electrode  5015 ′, the sixth auxiliary lower electrode  5016 ′ and the seventh auxiliary lower electrode  5017 ′ through the plurality of lower openings of the insulating layer  6015 ,  6016  and  6017 . 
     The first top electrode portion  712 , the second top electrode portion  722 , the third top electrode portion  732 , the fourth top electrode portion  742 , the fifth top electrode portion  752 , the sixth top electrode portion  762  and the seventh top electrode portion  772  are correspondingly formed on the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 , contacting the plurality of upper electrodes  5021 ,  5022 ,  5023 ,  5024 ,  5025 ,  5026 ,  5027  through the plurality of upper openings of the insulating layer  6021 ,  6022 ,  6023 ,  6024 ,  6025 ,  6026  and  6027 . 
     A ratio of the surface area of the top electrode portion to that of the bottom electrode portion which are on one light-emitting element is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The bottom electrode portion is separated from the top electrode portion by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     In an embodiment, the bottom electrode portion or the top electrode portion includes a base portion and one or a plurality branches extending from the base portion. In the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , the bottom electrode portion or the top electrode portion includes a comb shape. 
     In another embodiment, the bottom electrode portion or the top electrode portion includes one or a plurality of extensions, wherein the plurality of extensions are separated from each other without connection. In the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , the bottom electrode portion or the top electrode portion includes a linear or a curve shape. 
     In the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7 , the bottom electrode portion includes a bottom branch disposed between two top branches of the top electrode portion. An amount of the top branches of the top electrode portion is larger than that of the bottom branches of bottom electrode portion. In an embodiment, the bottom branch includes a width larger or smaller than that of the top branch. In another embodiment, the width of the bottom branch is same as that of the top branch. As shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  2   , the first bottom electrode portion  711 , the second bottom electrode portion  721 , the third bottom electrode portion  731 , the fifth bottom electrode portion  751 , the sixth bottom electrode portion  761  and the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  each includes a comb shape. The first top electrode portion  712 , the second top electrode portion  722 , the third top electrode portion  732 , the fifth top electrode portion  752 , the sixth top electrode portion  762  and the seventh top electrode portion  772  each includes a comb shape. 
     The light-emitting device  1  further includes a plurality of connecting electrode portions  712   c,    723   c,    734   c,    745   c,    756   c  and  767   c  correspondingly formed on the plurality of trenches T 12 , T 23 , T 34 , T 45 , T 56  and T 67 . The first connecting electrode portion  712   c  connects the first bottom electrode portion  711  on the first light-emitting element C 1  and the second top electrode portion  722  on the second light-emitting element C 2 . The second connecting electrode portion  723   c  connects the second bottom electrode portion  721  on the second light-emitting element C 2  and the third top electrode portion  732  on the third light-emitting element C 3 . The third connecting electrode portion  734   c  connects the third bottom electrode portion  731  on the first light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth top electrode portion  742  on the second light-emitting element C 4 . The fourth connecting electrode portion  745   c  connects the fourth bottom electrode portion  741  on the fourth light-emitting element C 4  and the fifth top electrode portion  752  on the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . The fifth connecting electrode portion  756   c  connects the fifth bottom electrode portion  751  on the fifth light-emitting element C 5  and the sixth top electrode portion  762  on the sixth light-emitting element C 6 . The sixth connecting electrode portion  767   c  connects the sixth bottom electrode portion  761  on the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh top electrode portion  772  on the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . 
     The plurality of bottom electrode portions  711 ,  721 ,  731 ,  741 ,  751 ,  761  and  771 , the plurality of top electrode portions  712 ,  722 ,  732 ,  742 ,  752 ,  762  and  772 , and the plurality of connecting electrode portions  712   c,    723   c,    734   c,    745   c,    756   c  and  767   c  include a metal material including chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), indium (In), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt) or an alloy of the above materials. In an embodiment, the plurality of bottom electrode portions  711  to  771 , the plurality of top electrode portions  712  to  772 , and the plurality of connecting electrode portions  712   c,    723   c,    734   c,    745   c,    756   c  and  767   c  include same or different metal material. 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   ,  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , the light-emitting device  1  further includes a passivation layer  80  formed on the substrate  10 , covering a portion of the first semiconductor layers  21  of the plurality of contact openings  2001 ,  2002 ,  2003 ,  2004 ,  2005 ,  2006  and  2007 , the auxiliary contact openings  2005 ′,  2006 ′ and  2007 ′, and covers the plurality of mesas  201 ,  202 ,  203 ,  204 ,  205 ,  206  and  207 . The passivation layer  80  includes one or a plurality of first passivation openings  801  exposing the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  on the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The passivation layer  80  includes one or a plurality of second passivation openings  802  exposing the first top electrode portion  712  on the first light-emitting element C 1 . 
     In an embodiment, the insulating layer  60  and/or the passivation layer  80  includes two or more materials of different refractive indices alternately stacked to form a Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR). In an embodiment, the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  is laminated with sub-layers of SiO 2  and TiO 2 , or SiO 2  and Nb 2 O 5  to selectively reflect light of a specific wavelength, thereby increasing the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting device  1 . When the peak emission wavelength of the light-emitting device  1  is λ, the optical thickness of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  can be an integral multiple of λ/4. The peak emission wavelength refers to the wavelength having a strongest intensity in the emission spectrum of the light-emitting device  1 . The thickness of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  may have a deviation of ±30% on the basis of an integral multiple of the optical thickness λ/4. 
     The insulating layer  60  and/or the passivation layer  80  includes a non-conductive material including organic material, inorganic material or dielectric material. The organic material includes Su8, benzocyclobutene (BCB), perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB), epoxy resin, acrylic resin, cyclic olefin polymers (COC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polycarbonate (PC), polyetherimide, or fluorocarbon polymer. The inorganic material includes silicone or glass. The dielectric material includes aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), silicon oxide (SiO x ), titanium oxide (TiO x ), or magnesium fluoride (MgF x ). 
     In an embodiment of the present application, the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  includes a thickness between 1000 angstrom (Å) and 40,000 angstrom (Å). 
     In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  includes SiO 2 , TiO 2 , or SiN x . If the thickness of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  is less than 1000 angstrom (Å), the thinner thickness may make the insulating property of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  weak. In an embodiment of the present application, the material of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  includes SiO 2 , TiO 2  or SiN x . If the thickness of the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80  is thicker than 40,000 angstrom (Å), it is getting difficult to perform selective etching on the insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80 . However, the above embodiments do not exclude other materials having a good covering extensibility or a high etch selectivity to avoid the problem caused by the thin thickness or the thick thickness of insulating layer  60  or the passivation layer  80 . 
     The light-emitting device  1  further includes a first electrode pad  91  formed on the second plurality of light-emitting elements and a second electrode pad  92  formed on the first plurality of light-emitting elements. In an embodiment, an amount of the second plurality of light-emitting elements covered by the first electrode pad  91  is same as that of the first plurality of light-emitting elements covered by the second electrode pad  92 . In another embodiment, an amount of the second plurality of light-emitting elements covered by the first electrode pad  91  is different from that of the first plurality of light-emitting elements covered by the second electrode pad  92 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   ,  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , the first electrode pad  91  is formed on the second plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The first electrode pad  91  contacts the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  on the seventh light-emitting element C 7  through the one or the plurality of first passivation openings  801  of the passivation layer  80 . 
     A second electrode pad  92  is formed on the first plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the first light-emitting element C 1 , the second light-emitting element C 2 , the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . The second electrode pad  92  contacts the first top electrode portion  712  on the first light-emitting element C 1  through the one or the plurality of second passivation openings  802  of the passivation layer  80 . 
     An array structure in which the seven light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7  are electrically connected in series, and the electrical connection thereof to the outside is achieved through the first electrode pad  91  and the second electrode pad  92 . In detailed, the light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  are electrically connected in series by the bottom electrode portions  711 ,  721 ,  731 ,  741 ,  751 ,  761  and  771 , the top electrode portions  712 ,  722 ,  732 ,  742 ,  752 ,  762  and  772 , and the connecting electrode portions  712   c,    723   c,    734   c,    745   c,    756   c  and  767   c.  However, the seven light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7  in this embodiment are merely an example, and various numbers of light-emitting elements may be formed. 
     The first electrode pad  91  and the second electrode pad  92  include a metal material including chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), tungsten (W), gold (Au), aluminum (Al), indium (In), tin (Sn), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt) or an alloy of the above materials. 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   ,  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   ,  FIG.  1    illustrates the top view of the light-emitting device  1 ,  FIG.  3    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 1 -A 2 -A′ of  FIG.  1   , and  FIG.  4    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line B-B 1 -B 2 -B′ of  FIG.  1   . As shown in  FIG.  3   , the light-emitting device  1  includes the substrate  10 ; the fourth light-emitting element C 4  and the fifth light-emitting element C 5  formed on the substrate  10 . The fourth trench T 45  is formed between the fourth light-emitting element C 4  and the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . The fourth current blocking layer  304  is formed on the second semiconductor layer  22  of the fourth mesa  204  of the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . The fifth current blocking layer  305  is formed on the second semiconductor layer  22  of the fifth mesa  205  of the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . The fourth conductive layer  404  and the fifth conductive layer  405  are respectively formed on the fourth current blocking layer  304  and the fifth current blocking layer  305 . The fourth lower electrode  5014  is formed on the exposed first semiconductor layer  21 , and the fourth upper electrode  5024  is formed on the fourth conductive layer  404  of the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . The fifth lower electrode  5015  is formed on the exposed first semiconductor layer  21  surrounded by the second semiconductor layer  22 , and the fifth upper electrode  5025  is formed on the fifth conductive layer  405  of the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   , the fourth lower electrode  5014  on the fourth light-emitting element C 4  includes one or a plurality of fourth lower contact areas  5014   c,  and two of the fourth lower contact areas  5014   c  are connected to each other by a fourth lower extension part  5014   e.  The fourth upper electrode  5024  on the fourth light-emitting element C 4  includes one or a plurality of fourth upper contact areas  5024   c,  and two of the fourth upper contact areas  5024   c  are connected to each other by a fourth upper extension part  5024   e.  An amount of the plurality of fourth upper contact areas  5024   c  is larger than that of the plurality of fourth lower contact areas  5014   c.    
     The fourth lower electrode  5014  is entirely covered by the fourth bottom electrode portion  741  and the fourth upper electrode  5024  is entirely covered by the fourth top electrode portion  742 . The fourth lower electrode  5014  is entirely not covered by the second electrode pad  92 , and the fourth upper electrode  5024  is partially covered by the second electrode pad  92 . 
     In the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , the fourth bottom electrode portion  741  includes a surface area projected onto the fourth light-emitting element C 4  which is smaller than that of the fourth top electrode portion  742  projected onto the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . A ratio of the surface area of the fourth top electrode portion  742  to that of the fourth bottom electrode portion  741  on the fourth light-emitting element C 4  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The fourth bottom electrode portion  741  is separated from the fourth top electrode portion  742  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and more preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and more preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     The fourth lower contact areas  5014   c  are not entirely covered by the insulating layer  60  and the fourth lower extension part  5014   e  is entirely covered by the insulating layer  60 . The insulating layer  60  contacts a portion of the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 . As shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , the insulating layer  60  includes a first most outside edge  60 S separated from an edge  10 S of the substrate  10  by a distance between 5 μm˜60 μm, preferably 10 μm˜50 μm, and more preferably 20 μm˜40 μm. 
     The fifth lower electrode  5015  on the fifth light-emitting element C 5  includes one or a plurality of fifth lower contact areas  5015   c.  The fifth lower electrode  5015  includes one or more fifth lower extension part  5015   e  extended from opposite ends of the fifth lower contact area  5015   c.  The fifth upper electrode  5025  on the fifth light-emitting element C 5  includes one or a plurality of fifth upper contact areas  5025   c,  and two of the fifth upper contact areas  5025   c  are connected to each other by a fifth upper extension part  5025   e.  In an embodiment, the fifth upper electrode  5025  includes one or more fifth upper extension part  5025   e ′ extending from the fifth upper contact area  5025   c.  An amount of the plurality of fifth upper contact areas  5025   c  is larger than that of the plurality of fifth lower contact areas  5015   c.    
     The fifth lower electrode  5015  is entirely covered by the fifth bottom electrode portion  751  and the fifth upper electrode  5025  is entirely covered by the fifth top electrode portion  752 . The fifth lower electrode  5015  and the fifth upper electrode  5025  are covered by the first electrode pad  91 . Portions of the fifth bottom electrode portion  751  and the fifth top electrode portion  752  are partially covered by the first electrode pad  91 . 
     In the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , the fifth bottom electrode portion  751  includes a surface area projected onto the fifth light-emitting element C 5  which is smaller than that of the fifth top electrode portion  752  projected onto the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . A ratio of the surface area of the fifth top electrode portion  752  to that of the fifth bottom electrode portion  751  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The fifth bottom electrode portion  751  is separated from the fifth top electrode portion  752  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and more preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and more preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     The fourth lower contact areas  5014   c  and the fifth lower contact areas  5015   c  are not entirely covered by the insulating layer  60 , and the fourth lower extension part  5014   e  and the fifth upper extension part  5025   e  are entirely covered by the insulating layer  60 . The insulating layer  60  contacts a portion of the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 . 
     In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , the passivation layer  80  includes a second most outside edge  80 S aligning the first most outside edge  60 S of the insulating layer  60 . 
     In another embodiment of the present application, the passivation layer  80  covers the first most outside edge  60 S of the insulating layer  60 . The second most outside edge  80 S of the passivation layer  80  is separated from an edge  10 S of the substrate  10 . 
       FIG.  5    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line C-C′ of  FIG.  1   . As shown in  FIG.  5   , the light-emitting device  1  includes the first light-emitting element C 1  and the second light-emitting element C 2  formed on the substrate  10 . The first light-emitting element C 1  and the second light-emitting element C 2  are separated by the first trench T 12 . The second light-emitting element C 2  includes same electrode layout as that of the first light-emitting element C 1 , and the related description about the second light-emitting element C 2  is properly skipped. 
     The first lower electrode  5011  on the first light-emitting element C 1  includes one or a plurality of first lower contact areas  5011   c,  and the first lower contact areas  5011   c  are separated from each other. The first upper electrode  5021  on the first light-emitting element C 1  includes one or a plurality of first upper contact areas  5021   c,  and the first upper contact areas  5021   c  are separated from each other. An amount of the first upper contact areas  5021   c  is larger than that of the first lower contact areas  5011   c.  The first upper electrode  5021  further includes one or more first upper extension parts  5021   e  connected to the first upper contact area  5021   c.  The first lower contact areas  5011   c  and the first upper contact areas  5021   c  are not entirely covered by the insulating layer  60 . The first upper extension parts  5021   e  are entirely covered by the insulating layer  60 . 
     The first lower electrode  5011  is entirely covered by the first bottom electrode portion  711  and the first upper electrode  5021  is entirely covered by the first top electrode portion  712 . The first lower electrode  5011  and the first upper electrode  5021  are partially covered by the second electrode pad  92 . Portions of the first lower electrode  5011 , the first upper electrode  5021 , the first bottom electrode portion  711  and the first top electrode portion  712  are not covered by the second electrode pad  92 . 
     In the top view of the light-emitting device  1 , the first bottom electrode portion  711  includes a surface area projected onto the first light-emitting element C 1  which is smaller than that of the first top electrode portion  712  projected onto the first light-emitting element C 1 . A ratio of the surface area of the first top electrode portion  712  to that of the first bottom electrode portion  711  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The first bottom electrode portion  711  is separated from the first top electrode portion  712  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and more preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and more preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     As shown in  FIG.  5   , the first connecting electrode portion  712   c  is formed on the first trench T 12  to connect the first bottom electrode portion  711  on the first light-emitting element C 1  and the second top electrode portion  722  on the second light-emitting element C 2 . 
       FIG.  6    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line D-D′ of  FIG.  1   . The light-emitting device  1  includes the first light-emitting element C 1  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7  formed on the substrate  10 . The first light-emitting element C 1  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7  are separated by the first trench T 45 . The seventh light-emitting element C 7  includes same electrode layout as that of the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , and the related description about the seventh light-emitting element C 7  is properly skipped. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line E-E′ of  FIG.  1   . The light-emitting device  1  includes the plurality of light-emitting elements, for example C 1  to C 7 , and the plurality of light-emitting elements is electrically connected in series. The passivation layer  80  includes one or the plurality of first passivation openings  801  exposing the bottom electrode of the last one light-emitting element in the series connecting light-emitting elements, such as the seventh bottom electrode portion  771  on the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . As shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  7   , the plurality of first passivation openings  801  is disposed on two sides of the seventh lower electrode  5017  and/or between the seventh upper electrode  5027  to expose the seventh bottom electrode portion  771 . The first electrode pad  91  is electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer  21  of the seventh light-emitting element C 7  through the one or the plurality of first passivation openings  801  to contact the seventh bottom electrode portion  771 . 
       FIG.  8    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line F-F′ of  FIG.  1   . The light-emitting element C 7  includes a seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′ disposed on a periphery of light-emitting element C 7  to expose the first semiconductor layer  21 . A seventh auxiliary lower electrode  5017 ′ is disposed on the seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′ to electrically contact the first semiconductor layer  21 . The seventh auxiliary contact opening  2007 ′ and the seventh auxiliary lower electrode  5017 ′ are covered by the seventh bottom electrode portion  771 . One or the plurality of seventh upper electrodes  5027  is disposed on the seventh conductive layer  407 , and the seventh current blocking layer  307  is formed under the seventh conductive layer  407 . The light-emitting element C 7  further includes the seventh top electrode portion  772  formed on the seventh mesa  207  to contact the one or the plurality of seventh upper electrodes  5027  through the one or the plurality of seventh upper opening  6027 . The one or the plurality of upper electrodes  5027  is cover by the first electrode pad  91 , and the passivation layer  80  is formed between the first electrode pad  91  and the one or the plurality of upper electrodes  5027 . 
       FIG.  9    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line G-G′ of  FIG.  1   . The light-emitting device  1  includes the plurality of light-emitting elements, for example C 1  to C 7 , and the plurality of light-emitting elements is electrically connected in series. The passivation layer  80  includes one or the plurality of second passivation openings  802  exposing the top electrode portion of the first one light-emitting element in the series connecting light-emitting elements, such as the first top electrode portion  712  on the first light-emitting element C 1 . As shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  9   , the plurality of second passivation openings  802  is disposed on two sides of the first upper electrode  5021  or between the first upper electrodes  5021  to expose the first top electrode portion  712 . The second electrode pad  92  is electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer  22  of the first light-emitting element C 1  through the one or the plurality of second passivation openings  802  to contact the first top electrode portion  712 . 
       FIG.  10    illustrates the cross-sectional view taken along line H-H′ of  FIG.  1   . The light-emitting element C 5  includes the fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′ disposed on a periphery of the light-emitting element C 5  to expose the first semiconductor layer  21 . The fifth auxiliary lower electrode  5015 ′ is disposed on the fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′ to electrically contact the first semiconductor layer  21 . The fifth auxiliary contact opening  2005 ′ and the fifth auxiliary lower electrode  5015 ′ are covered by the fifth bottom electrode  751 . The light-emitting element C 6  includes one or the plurality of sixth upper electrodes  5026  disposed on the sixth conductive layer  406 , and the sixth current blocking layer  306  is formed under the sixth conductive layer  406 . The light-emitting element C 6  further includes the sixth top electrode  762  formed on the sixth mesa  206  to contact the sixth upper electrode  5026  through the one or the plurality of sixth upper openings  6026 . The one or the plurality of sixth upper electrodes  5026  is cover by the first electrode pad  91 , and the passivation layer  80  is formed between the first electrode pad  91  and the one or the plurality of sixth upper electrodes  5026 . 
       FIG.  11    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device  1   a  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.  FIG.  12    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device  1   a  of  FIG.  11   .  FIG.  13    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  11   . The light-emitting device  1   a  according to this embodiment is similar to the light-emitting device  1  with reference to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  10    except for the structure of the top electrode portion and the bottom electrode portion. 
     As shown in  FIG.  11   ,  FIG.  12    and  FIG.  13   , the light-emitting device  1   a  includes the substrate  10  including the top surface  100   s;  and the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  formed on the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 , wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  each includes the semiconductor stack  20 . The semiconductor stack  20  includes the first semiconductor layer  21 , the active layer  23  and the second semiconductor layer  22 . The first plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the first light-emitting element C 1 , the second light-emitting element C 2 , the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 , is arranged on the first column. The second plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , is arranged on the second column. The first plurality of light-emitting elements C 1  to C 4  and the second plurality of light-emitting elements C 5  to C 7  are separated by the fourth trench T 45 . The first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are electrically connected by the fourth connecting electrode portion  745   c  formed on the fourth trench T 45 . 
     The top view of the electrode layout of the bottom electrode portion and the top electrode portion of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 3  of the light-emitting device  1   a  is same as that of the light-emitting device  1 . The top view of the electrode layout of the bottom electrode portion and the top electrode portion of the light-emitting elements C 4  to C 7  of the light-emitting device  1   a  is different from that of the light-emitting device  1 . 
     The fourth light-emitting element C 4  includes the fourth bottom electrode portion  741   a  and the fourth top electrode portion  742   a.  The fifth light-emitting element C 5  includes the fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a  and the fifth top electrode portion  752   a.  The sixth light-emitting element C 6  includes the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  and the sixth top electrode portion  762   a.  The seventh light-emitting element C 7  includes the seventh bottom electrode portion  771   a  and the seventh top electrode portion  772   a.    
     The fourth bottom electrode portion  741   a  on the fourth light-emitting element C 4  continuously connects the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  on the fifth light-emitting element C 5 . With reference to the fifth top electrode portion  752  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  11   , the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  of the fifth light-emitting element C 5  of the light-emitting device  1   a  extends to cover the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 . And, the fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a  of the light-emitting device  1   a  extends to cover the third light-emitting element C 3 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the extending portion of the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  and the fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a.  A ratio of the surface area of the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  to that of the fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a  is separated from the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance between the fifth top electrode portion  752   a  and the fifth bottom electrode portion  751   a  is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     With reference to the sixth top electrode portion  762  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  11   , the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  of the light-emitting device  1   a  extends to cover the second light-emitting element C 2  and the third light-emitting element C 3 . And, the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  of the light-emitting device  1   a  extends to cover the second light-emitting element C 2 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  and the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a.  A ratio of the surface area of the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  to that of the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  is separated from the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance between the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  and the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     With reference to the seventh top electrode portion  772  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  11   , the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  of the light-emitting device  1   a  extends to cover the first light-emitting element C 1  and the second light-emitting element C 2 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the extending portion of the seventh top electrode portion  772   a.  A ratio of the surface area of the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  to that of the seventh bottom electrode portion  771   a  is between 1.1˜1.6, preferably between 1.2˜1.5, and more preferably between 1.25˜1.45. The seventh bottom electrode portion  771   a  is separated from the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  by a shortest distance smaller than 100 μm, preferably smaller than 80 μm, and preferably smaller than 70 μm. The shortest distance between the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  and the seventh bottom electrode portion  771   a  is larger than 10 μm, preferably larger than 20 μm, and preferably larger than 30 μm. 
     In an embodiment, a first shortest distance between the top electrode portion and the bottom electrode portion of each light-emitting element is larger or smaller than, or same as a second shortest distance between two adjacent top electrode portions of two light-emitting elements in different columns. For example, the first shortest distance between the first top electrode portion  712  and the first bottom electrode portion  711  of the first light-emitting element C 1 , the second top electrode portion  722  and the second bottom electrode portion  721  of the second light-emitting element C 2 , or the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  and the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  of the sixth light-emitting element C 6  is larger than the second shortest distance between the second top electrode portion  722  of the second light-emitting element C 2  and the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  of the sixth light-emitting element C 6 , or the third top electrode portion  732  of the third light-emitting element C 3  and the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  of the sixth light-emitting element C 6  in the different columns. 
     For example, the first shortest distance between the first top electrode portion  712  and the first bottom electrode portion  711 , the second top electrode portion  722  and the second bottom electrode portion  721 , or the sixth top electrode portion  762   a  and the sixth bottom electrode portion  761   a  of each light-emitting element is larger or smaller than, or same as a third shortest distance between the second bottom electrode portion  721  and the sixth top electrode portion  762   a,  or the first top electrode portion  711  and the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  of two light-emitting elements in different columns. 
     In an embodiment, the first shortest distance is between 10 μm˜100 μm, preferably between 30 μm˜90 μm, more preferably between 40 μm˜80 μm, and the first shortest distance is between 10 μm˜100 μm, preferably between 15 μm˜70 μm, more preferably between 20 μm˜50 μm, 
     In an embodiment, the third shortest distance is smaller than 50 μm and larger than 10 μm. 
     As shown in  FIG.  13   , the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  includes one portion formed on the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The portion of the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  contacts the seventh upper electrodes  5027  through the one or the plurality of seventh upper opening  6027  to electrically connect the second semiconductor layer  22  of the seventh mesa  207  of the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The seventh top electrode portion  772   a  covers the fourth trench T 45  between the first light-emitting element C 1  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The seventh top electrode portion  772   a  includes other portion formed on the first mesa  201  of the first light-emitting element C 1 . The insulating layer  60  is formed between the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  and the first mesa  201  of the first light-emitting element C 1 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on and between the first top electrode portion  712  and the seventh top electrode portion  772   a  to electrically isolate the first top electrode portion  712  and the seventh top electrode portion  772   a.    
     In an embodiment of the present application, the light-emitting device  1  or  1   a  further includes a metal layer  700  covering a sidewall of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7 . As shown in  FIG.  13   , the sidewall of each of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7  is covered by the metal layer  700 , the metal layer  700  is formed between the insulating layer  60  and the passivation layer  80 , and the metal layer  700  is electrically insulated from the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7 . 
       FIG.  14    illustrates a top view of a light-emitting device  1   b  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.  FIG.  15    illustrates top views of layers of the light-emitting device  1   b  of  FIG.  14   .  FIG.  16    illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line J-J′ of  FIG.  14   . The light-emitting device  1   b  according to this embodiment is similar to the light-emitting device  1  with reference to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  10    except for the structure of the top electrode portion and the bottom electrode portion. 
     As shown in  FIG.  14   ,  FIG.  15    and  FIG.  16   , the light-emitting device  1   b  includes the substrate  10  including the top surface  100   s;  and the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  formed on the top surface  100   s  of the substrate  10 , wherein the plurality of light-emitting elements C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 , C 6  and C 7  each includes the semiconductor stack  20 . The semiconductor stack  20  includes the first semiconductor layer  21 , the active layer  23  and the second semiconductor layer  22 . The first plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the first light-emitting element C 1 , the second light-emitting element C 2 , the third light-emitting element C 3  and the fourth light-emitting element C 4 , is arranged on the first column. The second plurality of light-emitting elements, such as the fifth light-emitting element C 5 , the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 , is arranged on the second column. The first plurality of light-emitting elements C 1  to C 4  and the second plurality of light-emitting elements C 5  to C 7  are separated by the fourth trench T 45 . The first plurality of light-emitting elements and the second plurality of light-emitting elements are electrically connected by the fourth connecting electrode portion  745   c  formed on the fourth trench T 45 . 
     The top view of the electrode layout of the bottom electrode portion and the top electrode portion of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 3  of the light-emitting device  1   b  is different from that of the light-emitting device  1 . The top view of the electrode layout of the bottom electrode portion and the top electrode portion of the light-emitting elements C 4  to C 7  of the light-emitting device  1   b  is same as that of the light-emitting device  1 . 
     The first light-emitting element C 1  includes the first bottom electrode portion  711   b  and the first top electrode portion  712   b.  The second light-emitting element C 2  includes the second bottom electrode portion  721   b  and the second top electrode portion  722   b.  The third light-emitting element C 3  includes the third bottom electrode portion  731   b  and the third top electrode portion  732   b.    
     With reference to the first top electrode  712  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  14   , the first top electrode portion  712   b  of the light-emitting device  1   b  extends to cover the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . With reference to the first bottom electrode portion  711  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  14   , the first bottom electrode portion  711   b  of the light-emitting device  1   b  extends to cover the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the extending portion of the first top electrode portion  712   b  and the first bottom electrode portion  711   b.    
     With reference to the second top electrode portion  722  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  14   , the second top electrode portion  722   b  of the light-emitting device  1   b  extends to cover the sixth light-emitting element C 6  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . With reference to the second bottom electrode portion  721  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  14   , the second bottom electrode portion  721   b  of the light-emitting device  1   b  extends to cover the sixth light-emitting element C 6 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the extending portion of the second top electrode portion  722   b  and the second bottom electrode portion  721   b.    
     With reference to the third top electrode portion  732  of the light-emitting device  1 , as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  14   , the third top electrode portion  732   b  of the light-emitting device  1   b  extends to cover the fifth light-emitting element C 5  and the sixth light-emitting element C 6 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on the extending portion of the third top electrode portion  732   b.    
     As shown in  FIG.  16   , the first top electrode portion  712   b  includes one portion formed on the first light-emitting element C 1 . The portion of the first top electrode portion  712   b  contacts the one or the plurality of first upper electrodes  5021  through the one or the plurality of first upper opening  6021  to electrically connect the second semiconductor layer  22  of the first mesa  201  of the first light-emitting element C 1 . The first top electrode portion  712   b  covers the fourth trench T 45  between the first light-emitting element C 1  and the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The first top electrode portion  712   b  includes other portion formed on the seventh mesa  207  of the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The insulating layer  60  is formed between first top electrode portion  712   b  and the seventh mesa  207  of the seventh light-emitting element C 7 . The passivation layer  80  is formed on and between the first top electrode portion  712   b  and the seventh top electrode portion  772  to electrically isolate the first top electrode portion  712   b  and the seventh top electrode portion  772 . 
     In an embodiment of the present application, the light-emitting device  1  or  1   b  further includes a metal layer  700  covering sidewalls of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7  to prevent the moisture into the interior of the light-emitting device and deteriorate the stability of the light-emitting device. As shown in  FIG.  16   , the sidewall of each of the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7  is covered by the metal layer  700 , the metal layer  700  is formed between the insulating layer  60  and the passivation layer  80 , and the metal layer  700  is electrically insulated from the light-emitting elements C 1  to C 7 . 
       FIG.  17    is a schematic view of a light-emitting apparatus  2  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. The light-emitting device  1 ,  1   a,  or  1   b  in the foregoing embodiment is mounted on the first spacer  511  and the second spacer  512  of the package substrate  51  in the form of flip chip. The first spacer  511  and the second spacer  512  are electrically insulated from each other by an insulating portion  53  including an insulating material. The main light-extraction surface of the flip chip is one side of the growth substrate opposite to the electrode-forming surface where the electrodes are formed on. A reflective structure  54  can be provided around the light-emitting device  1 ,  1   a,  or  1   b  to increase the light extraction efficiency of the light-emitting apparatus  2 . 
       FIG.  18    illustrates a structure diagram of a light-emitting apparatus  3  in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. A light bulb includes an envelope  602 , a lens  604 , a light-emitting module  610 , a base  612 , a heat sink  614 , a connector  616  and an electrical connecting device  618 . The light-emitting module  610  includes a submount  606  and a plurality of light-emitting devices  608  on the submount  606 , wherein the plurality of light-emitting devices  608  can be the light-emitting device  1 ,  1   a,  or  1   b,  or the light-emitting apparatus  2  described in above embodiments. 
     The principle and the efficiency of the present application illustrated by the embodiments above are not the limitation of the application. Any person having ordinary skill in the art can modify or change the aforementioned embodiments. Therefore, the protection range of the rights in the application will be listed as the following claims.