Patent Publication Number: US-2006009744-A1

Title: Decorative component for an absorbent article

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
      The invention generally relates to decorative components for absorbent articles, such as disposable diapers, adult incontinence products, training pants and the like. In particular, the invention relates to decorative components prepared from decorative materials for use in the continuous manufacture of absorbent articles, a method of manufacturing absorbent articles incorporating the decorative component such that the articles exhibit a variety of decorative appearances, and a method of preparing a package of absorbent articles having a variety of decorative appearances. In addition, the same decorative material may be used to prepare a variety of decorative components that provide absorbent articles having a variety of decorative appearances.  
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
      Absorbent articles, such as diapers, adult incontinence products, training pants, and feminine care products, are in widespread use today. Such absorbent articles typically include a moisture pervious top sheet that is located substantially next to the body of the wearer, an absorbent core, and a moisture impervious back sheet that is located on or near the outwardly facing part (the “outer cover”) of the article.  
      Absorbent articles typically are prepared by continuously supplying many of the various components of the article, and assembling these components into the final article. For example, the top sheet material and the back sheet material may be continuously supplied as web material in a machine direction of an assembly line. Absorbent cores, along with other features of the article as elastic elements, may be disposed at predetermined positions on components of the absorbent article during assembly. The various components may then be associated to form a composite, and the composite may be cut at predetermined locations to form the final absorbent article.  
      Manufacturers of absorbent articles are known to incorporate decorations such as colors and designs into certain components of the articles to provide a pleasing decorative appearance for consumers, both in the package and during use. In addition, manufacturers may package absorbent articles that have a variety of decorative appearances in a single package for the consumer&#39;s enjoyment and variety.  
      To prepare decorative absorbent articles, a common procedure is to print graphics on a decorative component material and prepare a decorative component of the absorbent article from that material. For example, a back sheet material, a fastening mechanism material, or any other component material for preparing a component that is visible from the outside of the absorbent article may be printed with one or more designs, which may continuously transition over the decorative component material. The design contained on a decorative component material may be comprehensive or noncomprehensive. Alternatively, numerous different comprehensive designs may be contained on the roll. The term “comprehensive” as it relates to a design refers to a design that appears to be a single, complete unit with a clear cut beginning and end, such as a single character or group of characters or some other type of graphic which appears to be intended to be displayed as a single, complete unit. A “noncomprehensive” design refers to a design that does not appear to be a single, complete unit, but rather does not appear to have a clear cut beginning or end and does not appear to be intended to be displayed as a single unit.  
      As noted, the decorative component material is typically continuously supplied during assembly of the absorbent article. In the case of a noncomprehensive design, where there is no discernible beginning or end of the design, there may be no need to coordinate the design with the positioning of the decorative component on the absorbent article, because the design appears essentially the same regardless of where it is positioned on the component. Such a design has been referred to as an “unregistered” graphic, as no steps are taken during the assembly process to position the decorative component on the absorbent article such that the component displays the design in a certain position.  
      Systems and apparatuses have been developed that are capable of coordinating a comprehensive design with the positioning of the decorative component on a web material, such as is used to assemble an absorbent article. U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,235,515 and 5,286,543, both issued to Ungpiyakul et. al., the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated in their entireties in a manner consistent with this application, describe the use of registration marks placed on a decorative component material, where the registration marks are positioned in a known, predetermined relationship with the design. Sensors are incorporated into the assembly line that are capable of sensing the registration marks, and controllers can time the cutting and placement of the decorative component material to the continuously supplied web material such that a single comprehensive design is displayed on the decorative component as assembled in the absorbent article. Such uses of registration marks to provide a continuously supplied material in a certain relationship to another continuously supplied material is commonly known as “registered” graphics.  
      Thus, absorbent articles having desirable decorative appearances may be prepared by the use of decorative component materials containing either comprehensive or noncomprehensive designs. The manufacture of absorbent articles having different decorative appearances using rolls of decorative component materials containing noncomprehensive designs requires either multiple assembly lines, each assembly line using rolls of decorative component materials with different noncomprehensive designs, or different runs on the same assembly line, each run using rolls of decorative component materials with different noncomprehensive designs.  
      Packages of absorbent articles with a variety of desirable decorative appearances may be prepared from rolls of decorative component materials having comprehensive designs through the use of registration marks on the materials. Where a single comprehensive design is contained on the material, the production of a variety package requires either multiple assembly lines or multiple runs on one assembly line, as with noncomprehensive designs, and manual assembly or the use of specialized equipment to combine products from the multiple runs to form the variety package. Variety packages of absorbent articles having desirable decorative appearances may be manufactured using rolls of decorative component materials having multiple comprehensive designs and registration marks, if the assembly process includes the attendant instruments and equipment to time the cutting and placement of the decorative component material to the web material using the registration marks.  
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
      It would be desirable to provide a decorative component material from which absorbent articles with a variety of desirable decorative appearances can be continuously manufactured. It would further be desirable to provide a single roll of a decorative component material that can be used to manufacture decorative components of various sizes and shapes, where the absorbent articles assembled using those components have a variety of desirable decorative appearances.  
      The preferred embodiments are intended to provide these desirable features, plus additional benefits. It is therefore a feature of the preferred embodiments to provide a roll of decorative component material from which absorbent articles having a variety of decorative appearances can be manufactured. It is further a feature of the preferred embodiments to provide a single roll of decorative component material from which decorative components of different sizes can be prepared for assembly into absorbent articles having a variety of desirable decorative appearances.  
      In accordance with these and other features of various embodiments of the invention, there is provided a roll of decorative component material comprising a design from which absorbent articles having a variety of desirable decorative appearances can be manufactured on a single assembly line. In one exemplary embodiment, the roll of decorative component material comprises one or more noncomprehensive designs that, upon assembly of a component made from the material into an absorbent article, provide a different decorative appearance to each successive article made in continuous assembly. The design may, but does not have to, repeat along the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material (the “pattern length”), but any pattern length could preferably be selected such that it does not coincide with either one or both of the longitudinal and lateral length of a component made from the roll of decorative component material. Thus, absorbent articles with different desirable decorative appearances can be manufactured on a single assembly line using components made from the roll of decorative component material. In this embodiment, the pattern length would preferably, but not necessarily, either be greater than or less than, but not the same as, either one or both of the longitudinal and lateral length of the component made from the roll of decorative component material.  
      In another exemplary embodiment, the roll of decorative component material comprises one or more noncomprehensive designs that, once the decorative component is assembled into an absorbent article, provide a decorative appearance to the article. The designs may, but do not have to, repeat along the longitudinal dimension of the decorative material, but the pattern length should preferably, but not necessarily, be selected such that it does not coincide with either one or both of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of several different decorative components that may be produced from the roll of decorative component material for assembly into absorbent articles of different sizes and/or designs. Thus, absorbent articles having a variety of decorative appearances, but of different sizes and/or designs, can be manufactured using the same roll of decorative component material. In this embodiment, the versatility of the roll of decorative component material is enhanced.  
      The noncomprehensive design(s), according to the preferred embodiments, may be placed on the decorative component material using any process now known or later developed to incorporate decorations into such materials, including but not limited to the offset printing process and programmable computerized printing.  
      In yet another exemplary embodiment, a method for preparing a package of absorbent articles substantially directly from an assembly line is disclosed, where the package contains absorbent articles having a variety of desirable decorative appearances.  
      These and other features and benefits of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed descriptions. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       FIG. 1  is a partially cut-away view of an embodiment of the invention, shown in the fully-flattened position;  
       FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b  are views of a back sheet made from a decorative component material with a design according to one embodiment of the invention, with the profile of cut-outs for finished absorbent articles overlaying the views;  
       FIG. 3  is a view of one embodiment of the decorative component material according to the invention; and  
       FIG. 4  is a view of another embodiment of the decorative component material according to the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
      The terms “absorbent article” or simply “article” refer to devices that absorb and contain body fluids and other body exudates. More specifically, these terms refer to articles that are placed against or in proximity to the body of a wearer to absorb and contain the various exudates discharged from the body. A non-exhaustive list of examples of absorbent articles includes diapers, diaper covers, disposable diapers, training pants, feminine hygiene products and adult incontinence products. Such articles may be intended to be discarded or partially discarded after a single use (“disposable” articles). Such articles may comprise essentially a single inseparable structure (“unitary” articles), or they may comprise replaceable inserts or other interchangeable parts.  
      The preferred embodiments may be used with all of the foregoing classes of absorbent articles, without limitation, whether disposable or otherwise. The embodiments described herein provide, as an exemplary structure, a diaper for an infant, however this is not intended to limit the claimed invention. The preferred embodiments will be understood to encompass, without limitation, all classes and types of absorbent articles, including those described herein.  
      The expressions “upper layer,” “lower layer,” “above” and “below,” which refer to the various components included in the absorbent core and other components of the absorbent article (including the layers surrounding the absorbent core, if present) are used merely to describe the spatial relationship between the respective components. The upper layer or component “above” the other component need not always remain vertically above the core or component, and the lower layer or component “below” the other component need not always remain vertically below the core or component.  
      The term “component” can refer, but is not limited, to designated selected regions, such as edges, corners, sides or the like; structural members, such as elastic strips, absorbent pads, stretchable layers or panels, layers of material, or the like; or a graphic.  
      The term “disposed” and the expressions “disposed on,” “disposing on,” “disposed in,” “disposed between” and variations thereof (e.g., a description of the article being “disposed” is interposed between the words “disposed” and “on”) are intended to mean that one element can be integral with another element, or that one element can be a separate structure bonded to or placed with or placed near another element. Thus, a component that is “disposed on” an element of the absorbent article can be formed or applied directly or indirectly to a surface of the element, formed or applied between layers of a multiple layer element, formed or applied to a substrate that is placed with or near the element, formed or applied within a layer of the element or another substrate, or other variations or combinations thereof.  
      The terms “top sheet” and “back sheet” denote the relationship of these materials or layers with respect to the absorbent core. It is understood that additional layers may be present between the absorbent core and the top sheet and back sheet, and that additional layers and other materials may be present on the side opposite the absorbent core from either the top sheet or the back sheet.  
      The term “decorative component material” means a material or materials, or a laminate of materials, used for a component of an absorbent article that lends a decorative appearance to the article. The material may be of different compositions depending on the component. For example, if the component is a back sheet, the component material may be a liquid impervious polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid or blends of these materials. If the component were an outer cover for the back sheet, it may comprise a fibrous nonwoven fabric such as cellulosic fibers, or polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon, polyvinyl chloride, polylactic acid or blends of these materials. At least one noncomprehensive design will be incorporated into the decorative component.  
      The term “noncomprehensive design” denotes a graphic representation of any combination of colors and designs that does not appear to be a single, complete unit, but rather appears to have no clear cut beginning or end, and does not appear to be intended to be displayed as a single unit. Noncomprehensive designs may include patterns that repeat with no clear unit of repeat, or may not repeat, or may have a repeat large enough that they do not appear to repeat. Noncomprehensive designs include designs that may comprise multiple units of other designs.  
      The term “pattern length” denotes the length, measured along the longitudinal dimension of a decorative component material, of a single design, if present. The design repeats after each pattern length.  
      For clarity, features that appear in more than one Figure have the same reference number in each Figure.  
      The preferred embodiments relate to a decorative component material used in the continuous manufacture of an absorbent article. The decorative component material has a longitudinal dimension and a lateral dimension, and comprises at least one noncomprehensive design along at least its longitudinal dimension. The decorative component material is provided continuously in a machine direction substantially along its longitudinal dimension to an assembly line for the manufacture of decorative components for assembly into absorbent articles. The design is disposed on the decorative component material such that, upon assembly of a decorative component made from the material into an absorbent article, it tends to provide the article with a desirable decorative appearance. The design is disposed on the decorative component material in at least the longitudinal direction at a pattern length such that successive decorative components manufactured on a continuous assembly line using components comprising the decorative component material will display different desirable decorative appearances, for assembly into absorbent articles having different decorative appearances.  
      Absorbent articles with a variety of desirable decorative appearances may be manufactured in one embodiment by using a decorative component material that includes at least 2 or more colors, preferably 3 to 6 colors, more preferably 3 to 5 colors, and even more preferably 4 colors in each design. The colors included in the design are preferably complementary, and may blend into each other to provide smooth transitions to provide a pleasing appearance.  
      In another preferred embodiment, the pattern length of the design in at least the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material should preferably, but not necessarily, be less than or greater than, but not equal to, either one or both of the longitudinal and lateral length of each decorative component made from the material. For example, the back sheet for a large sized diaper may have a longitudinal length of approximately 49 cm. The pattern length of a design contained in a decorative component material used to supply material for the back sheet should preferably, but not necessarily, be less than 49 cm, or greater than 49 cm. If the pattern length of a design was 75 cm, for example, each individual design would exceed the longitudinal length of the component made from the decorative component material. Alternatively, if the pattern length of the design was 20 cm, more than one design is incorporated into the back sheet of each absorbent article made from the decorative component material. Successive absorbent articles made using back sheets prepared from this same decorative component material, where the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material substantially corresponds to the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent article, will then have different decorative appearances.  
      Alternatively, it may be desirable to provide a back sheet prepared from this decorative component such that the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material corresponds substantially to the lateral dimension of the absorbent article, in which case the pattern length should preferably, but not necessarily, be greater than or less than, but not equal to, the lateral length of the back sheet according to the invention. Also contemplated are absorbent articles prepared using decorative components other than back sheets, such as, for example, fastening mechanisms. Using the guidelines provided herein, those of ordinary skill in the art can design a decorative component material with pattern lengths different from either one or both of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of a component made using that material without undue experimentation, regardless of whether the decorative component is disposed with either of its longitudinal or lateral dimension substantially corresponding to the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent article.  
      One of the advantages of a decorative component material with the described attributes is that the same roll of decorative component material may be used in the manufacture of a variety of types and sizes of components while still providing the advantages of the preferred embodiments. The pattern length of the design can be easily determined by one of ordinary skill in the art by determining the different longitudinal and/or lateral lengths of components intended to be produced using the particular decorative component material, and thus establishing the pattern length to be less than or greater than any of these longitudinal and/or lateral lengths, and also not a multiple of any of these longitudinal and/or lateral lengths.  
      Another preferred embodiment relates to a method for producing decorative components of various sizes for assembly into absorbent articles that provide a variety of decorative appearances to the articles from a single roll of decorative component material. The pattern length of the design on the decorative component material is calculated so that it preferably, but not necessarily, does not coincide with at least one of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of any of the components made from that material, and therefore each successive absorbent article that is assembled with components made from the same decorative component material will have a different decorative appearance than either the previous or the successive article. Because the colors in the designs incorporated into the decorative component material are preferably complementary and blend into each other, the resulting absorbent articles will have a variety of pleasing decorative appearances. The use of a decorative component material prepared in this manner thus allows absorbent articles with a variety of decorative appearances to be continuously manufactured on one assembly line.  
      According to yet another preferred embodiment, a method of preparing packages of absorbent articles having a variety of desirable decorative appearances can be accomplished by manufacturing the articles using a decorative component material prepared in the above-described manner and packaging the articles substantially directly after they leave the assembly line.  
      Turning now to the Figures,  FIG. 1  is a partially cut away depiction of an exemplary absorbent article  10  according to the preferred embodiments. The embodiment shown in  FIG. 1  is an infant&#39;s diaper, however, this depiction is not intended to limit the invention. The article  10  of  FIG. 1  is depicted in a flattened position, with the various elastic components depicted in their extended position for clarity. In the flattened position, the article  10  generally has an hourglass shaped structure, but it may also have a rectangular, trapezoidal or other shape.  
      As used herein, the longitudinal axis  100  of the article is the dimension of the article corresponding to the front-to-rear dimension of the user, and the lateral axis  102  of the article is the dimension corresponding to the side-to-side dimension of the user.  
      In use, an embodiment of the invention may comprise a pant-like article  10  having a waist-encircling region and a crotch region. The waist-encircling region may comprise a front region  12 , corresponding with the front of a wearer&#39;s body, and a rear region  14 , corresponding with the back of a wearer&#39;s body, that are joined together at or near their lateral edges  28 , causing the longitudinally distal edges  18  of the article  10  to form the perimeter of a waist opening. The crotch region  16  extends between the front and rear regions  12 ,  14 , and the crotch edges  20  form the perimeter of a pair of leg openings.  
      The front and rear regions  12 ,  14  may be joined to one another by permanent seams (not shown) or by releasable fasteners  22 . The releasable fasteners  22  may comprise an adhesive tape, a mechanically interlocking fastener, such as a hook and loop fastener  24  or a button or snap, or any other suitable releasable fastening device. The article also may comprise a target surface  26  associated with a surface of the article  10 , that is selected to interact with the releasable fasteners  22  to provide them with the grip necessary to hold the article  10  together. While the embodiment depicted in  FIG. 1  shows the releasable fasteners  22  being located in the rear region  14 , and the target surface  26  being in the front region  12 , one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that these locations may be reversed. The selection and manufacture of permanent side seams, releasable fasteners  22 , and target surfaces  26  is known in the art, and one of ordinary skill in the art will be able to implement such structures and devices without undue experimentation.  
      The article  10  preferably comprises a top sheet  30 , and a back sheet  32 , which may be substantially coterminous with the top sheet  30 . When the article  10  is being worn, the top sheet  30  faces the wearer&#39;s body, and the back sheet  32  faces away from the wearer. An absorbent core  34  usually is disposed between at least a portion of the top sheet  30  and at least a portion of the back sheet  32 . Components, such as a barrier layer  40 , may be disposed between the absorbent core  34  and the back sheet  32 . Other components, such as a transfer layer (not pictured), may be disposed between the absorbent core  34  and the top sheet  30 . Preferably, the absorbent core  34  is disposed between at least a portion of the top sheet  30  and barrier layer  40 .  
      A preferred embodiment of the invention may further comprise various additional features. One or more pairs of leg elastics  36  may extend adjacent the crotch edges  20 . The article  10  may also comprise one or more waste containment systems, such as a pair of standing leg gathers  38 . The standing leg gathers  38  preferably extend longitudinally between the front region  12  and the rear region  14  along opposite sides of the article&#39;s longitudinal axis  100 .  
      The various parts of the article  10  are associated with one another to form a structure that preferably maintains its shape during the useful life of the article  10 . As used herein, the term “associated” encompasses configurations whereby a first part is directly joined to a second part by affixing the first part directly to the second part, by indirectly joining the first part to the second part through intermediate members, or by fixing the relative positions of various parts by capturing parts between other parts. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various methods or combinations of methods may be used to securely join the parts of the article  10 .  
      These features, and other features, functions and uses of the invention, are described in greater detail herein.  
      The top sheet  30  and back sheet  32  may be constructed from a wide variety of materials known in the art. The invention is not intended to be limited to any specific materials for these components. The top sheet  30  and back sheet  32  may be shaped and sized according to the requirements of each of the various types of absorbent article, or to accommodate various user sizes. Where the preferred embodiment is a diaper or an adult incontinence brief, the top sheet  30 , back sheet  32 , or both, may have an hourglass shape, as seen in  FIG. 1 , or may have a rectangular, trapezoidal, “T” shape, or other shape.  
      The back sheet  32  generally is made of any suitable pliable liquid impervious material known in the art or later discovered. Typical back sheet materials include films of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, nylon, and polyvinyl chloride and blends of these materials. For example, the back sheet  32  may be made of a polyethylene film having a thickness in the range of 0.01-0.03 mm. The back sheet  32  may be pigmented with, for example, titanium dioxide, to provide the article  10  with a pleasing color or to render the back sheet  32  opaque enough that exudates being contained by the article  10  are not visible from outside the article. In addition, back sheet  32  may be formed in such a manner that it is opaque, for example, by using various inert components in the polymeric film. The back sheet  32  may be prepared from a decorative component material according to the invention. Other back sheet materials will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The back sheet  32  preferably should have sufficient liquid imperviousness to prevent any leakage of fluids through the back sheet  32 . The required level of liquid imperviousness may also vary between different locations on the article  10 .  
      The back sheet  32  may further comprise separate regions having different properties. In a preferred embodiment, portions of the back sheet  32  are air-permeable to improve the breathability, and therefore comfort, of the article  10 . The different regions may be formed by making the back sheet  32  a composite of different sheet materials. Other regions may undergo chemical treatment, pressure treatment, heat treatment, adhesive application, or other processes or methods known in the art to provide desirable properties as known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Some regions of the back sheet  32  may be fluid pervious. In one embodiment of the invention, the back sheet  32  is fluid impervious in the crotch  12 , but is fluid pervious in portions of the front and rear regions  12 ,  14 . The back sheet  32  may also be made from a laminate of overlaid sheets of material.  
      The back sheet  32  may be covered with a fibrous, nonwoven fabric such as is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 4,646,362 issued to Heran et al., which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety and in a manner consistent with the present application and invention. Materials for such a fibrous outer liner include a spun-bonded nonwoven web of synthetic fibers; a nonwoven web of cellulosic fibers, textile fibers, or a blend of cellulosic and textile fibers; a spun-bonded nonwoven web of synthetic fibers mixed with cellulosic, pulp fibers, or textile fibers; and melt blown thermoplastic fibers or mixtures of such thermoplastic fibers with cellulosic, pulp or textile fibers. The outer liner may have a surface that comprises the outer cover of the absorbent article  10 , and upon which a color and/or design scheme may be disposed according to the preferred embodiments.  
      The moisture-pervious top sheet  30  may be made of any suitable relatively liquid-pervious material currently known in the art or later discovered that permits passage of a liquid therethrough. Examples of suitable top sheet materials include nonwoven spun-bonded or carded webs of polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, polyester and blends of these materials, perforated, apertured, or reticulated films, and the like. Nonwoven materials are exemplary because such materials readily allow the passage of liquids to the underlying absorbent core  34 . The top sheet  30  preferably comprises a nonwoven material that may be made of carded fibers, either adhesively or thermally bonded, perforated or apertured film, spunbonded fibers, or water entangled fibers, which generally weigh from about 10 to about 30 grams/m 2  and have appropriate and effective machine direction and cross-machine (transverse) direction strength suitable for use as a top sheet material for the given application. The invention is not intended to be limited to any particular material for the top sheet  30 , and other top sheet materials will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.  
      The top sheet  30  may further comprise several regions having different properties. In one embodiment of the invention, the laterally distal portions of the top sheet  30  are preferably substantially fluid impervious and hydrophobic, while the remainder of the top sheet  30  is hydrophilic and fluid pervious. Different top sheet properties, such as fluid perviousness and hydrophobicity, may be imparted upon the top sheet  30  by treating the top sheet  30  with adhesives, surfactants, or other chemicals, using a composite of different materials, or by other means. The top sheet  30  also may be made from a laminate of overlaid sheets of material. The top sheet  30  also may be treated in specific areas like the crotch region, with skin wellness ingredients like aloe and vitamin E.  
      As noted elsewhere herein, the top sheet  30  and back sheet  32  may be substantially coterminous, or they may have different shapes and sizes. The particular design of the top sheet and back sheet may be dictated by manufacturing considerations, cost considerations, and performance considerations. Preferably, the top sheet  30  is large enough to completely cover the absorbent core  34 , and either the back sheet  32  or the barrier layer  40  are large enough to prevent leakage from the article  10 . The design of top sheets  30  and back sheets  32  is known in the art, and a skilled artisan will be able to produce an appropriate top sheet  30  and an appropriate back sheet  32  without undue experimentation.  
      The top sheet  30  and the back sheet  32  may be associated with one another using a variety of methods known in the art. For example, they may be thermally, ultrasonically, or chemically bonded to one another. They also may be joined using lines of hot melt adhesive or mechanical fasteners, such as thread, clips, or staples. In one embodiment, a hydrophilic adhesive, such as those sold by National Starch and Chemical Company of Bridgewater, N.J. under the trademark CYCLOFLEX, is used to join the top sheet  30  to the back sheet  32 . The particular joining method may be dictated by the types of materials selected for the top sheet  30  and back sheet  32 .  
      An absorbent core  34  preferably is disposed between the top sheet  30  and the barrier layer  40  or back sheet  32  in at least the crotch region  16 . The absorbent core  34  may extend into either or both of the front and rear regions  12 ,  14 . Although the absorbent core  34  depicted in  FIG. 1  has a substantially rectangular shape, other shapes may be used, such as a “T” shape or an hourglass shape. The shape of the absorbent core  34  may be selected to provide the greatest absorbency with a reduced amount of material. The absorbent core may be associated with the top sheet  30 , back sheet  32 , or any other suitable part of the article  10  by any method known in the art, in order to fix the absorbent core  34  in place.  
      The absorbent core  34  may be made from any suitable material or materials known in the art. Examples of suitable materials for use as the absorbent core  34  include tow fibers, creped cellulose wadding, absorbent foams, absorbent sponges, super absorbent polymers (“SAP”), absorbent gelling materials, fiberized cellulose, fluff pulp having tissue or synthetic materials between the absorbent core  34  and the top sheet  30  or any equivalent material or combination of materials. The size and capacity of the absorbent material should correspond to the application, for example, an incontinent brief for an adult may require a larger absorbent core than a diaper for a child. Zoned absorbency also may be used, if desired. For example, more absorbent capacity may be located in particular regions of the article  10  depending on, for example, the gender of the intended wearer or the intended use for the article  10 . The invention is not intended to be limited to any specific materials for use in the absorbent core  34 .  
      In a preferred embodiment, the absorbent core  34  comprises super absorbent polymer distributed within a fibrous structure. Absorbent cores of this type are known in the art, and exemplary absorbent cores are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,281,207 and 6,068,620, issued to Chmielewski et al., and U.S. Pat. No. 5,863,288, issued to Baker, which are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety.  
      Additional sublayers, transfer layers, acquisition layers, tissue wraps, and the like also may be incorporated into the absorbent core  34 , or may be disposed somewhere between top sheet  30  and back sheet  32 . Such layers may be provided to assist with transferring fluids to the absorbent core  34 , handling fluid surges, preventing rewet, containing absorbent material, improving core stability, or for other purposes. For example, a substantially rectangular, preferably nonwoven, sublayer (not shown), having a basis weight of about 10-200 gm/m 2 , preferably about 40-100 gm/m 2 , may overlay absorbent core  34 . Those of ordinary skill in the art are capable of selecting materials, dimensions, and locations for such layers without undue experimentation.  
      The absorbent core  34  may be any absorbent means that is capable of absorbing or retaining liquids (e.g., menses and/or urine). The absorbent core  34  may be manufactured in a wide variety of sizes and shapes (e.g., rectangular, oval, hourglass, dog bone, asymmetric, etc.).  
      In a preferred embodiment, the absorbent core  34  is a laminate comprised of a fibrous layer containing superabsorbent polymer material in the form of particles or fibers disposed within a matrix of other hydrophilic fibers, such as cellulose, which may be further be encased in or between first and second tissue layers (or “upper” and “lower” tissue layers). The first and second tissue layers preferably do not contain the superabsorbent polymer material.  
      The absorbent core  34  may, however, be made from a wide variety of liquid-absorbent materials commonly used in sanitary napkins and other absorbent articles such as comminuted wood pulp that generally is referred to as airfelt or airlaid. Examples of other suitable absorbent materials include creped cellulose wadding; meltblown polymers including COFORM pulp/polypropylene meltblown material (available from Kimberly-Clark Corp., Neenah, Wis.); thermally bonded air-laid fibers; chemically stiffened, modified or cross-linked cellulosic fibers; synthetic fibers such as crimped polyester fibers; peat moss; tissue including tissue wraps and tissue laminates; absorbent foams; absorbent sponges; superabsorbent polymers; absorbent gelling materials; or any equivalent material or combinations of materials, or mixtures of these.  
      The configuration and construction of the absorbent core  34  also may be varied (e.g., the absorbent core may have varying caliper zones (e.g., profiled so as to be thicker in the center), hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic gradients, superabsorbent gradients, or lower density and higher or lower average basis weight acquisition zones; or may comprise one or more layers or structures). The total absorbent capacity of the absorbent core  34  should, however, be compatible with the design loading and the intended use of the absorbent article. Further, the size and absorbent capacity of the absorbent core  34  may be varied to accommodate different uses such as incontinence pads, pantiliners, regular sanitary napkins, overnight sanitary napkins, regular diapers, overnight diapers, adult diapers, pull-on pants, etc.  
      Exemplary absorbent structures for use as the absorbent core of the invention are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,950,264, 4,610,678, 4,834,735, 6,068,620, 6,099,950, 6,121,509, 6,171,291, 6,224,961, and European Patent Application No. 0 198 683, the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. For example, a thin absorbent core may comprise a low bulk compressed fibrous web layer having super absorbent particles distributed therein.  
      Referring back to  FIG. 1 , the crotch region  16  may also include mechanical sealing devices to provide the article  10  with a leak-proof fit around the wearer. In a preferred embodiment, the crotch edges  20  each have one or more elastic gathers  36  may be disposed at or near the crotch edges  20  to help them contract about the contours of the wearer&#39;s body, thereby providing a leak-proof seal. Such gathers  36  are known in the art, and are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,830,203, issued to Suzuki et al., which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety in a manner consistent with the invention. The gathers  36  may extend into the rear waist band  14 , and may extend as far as the front longitudinally distal edge  18 .  
      In another preferred embodiment, standing leg gathers  38  are disposed on the top sheet  30 . Standing leg gathers  38  are strips of material that rise vertically from the surface of the top sheet  30  to provide additional sealing to the article  10 . The standing leg gathers  38  may extend across all or part of the article  10  along its longitudinal axis  100 . Typically, one standing leg gather  38  is located on either side of the absorbent core  34 . The standing leg gathers  38  may be made from folded portions of the top sheet  30  or back sheet  32 , or may be made from additional strips of material. Each standing leg gather  38  may be equipped with one or more elastic elements to help seal the gather to the wearer&#39;s body. Standing leg gathers are known in the art, and disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,316, issued to Suzuki, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety in a manner consistent with the invention.  
      Any suitable elastic material may be used for the gathers  36  and the standing leg gathers  38 . Preferably, the elastic material may be stretched to between more than 5% to 500%, and preferably about 200% to about 400%, of its original length without losing its resilience. The elastic material used for the gathers  36  and standing leg gathers  38  may comprise an elastic film, a multidirectional elastic aggregate such as elastic webbing, netting, or scrim elastic, such as FLEXCEL Elastic Nonwoven Laminate, available from Kimberly-Clark Corporation, headquartered in Neenah, Wis., or strands or bands of suitable elastic materials, such as natural or synthetic rubber, urethane elastomers, spandex (e.g., LYCRA, available from E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Company Corporation, Wilmington, Del.) and elastic polymers. The elastics materials may be attached to the article  10  in any of several ways known in the art. For example, the elastic materials may be ultrasonically bonded, heat/pressure sealed using a variety of bonding patterns, or glued to the diaper  10  using a variety of adhesives. Other performance enhancing devices, such as pockets, baffles, and openings in the top sheet also may be used.  
       FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b  depict views of a decorative component material used to prepare back sheet material  32  with two color schemes disposed on it according to one preferred embodiment, with an overlay outline of cut-outs of absorbent articles  10  that may be formed from the back sheet material  32 . The depicted absorbent articles may be cut-out from the back sheet material  32  with either the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent articles  10  substantially corresponding to the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material ( FIG. 2   a ), or with the lateral dimension of the absorbent articles  10  substantially corresponding to the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material ( FIG. 2   b ).  
      In the embodiment seen in  FIG. 2   a,  the longitudinal length of the component prepared from the decorative component material, e.g., the back sheet, as measured in its stretched position is the distance between Points A and B, and the pattern length of the design is the distance between Points C and E for the design designated as  201 , and the distance between Points D and F for the design designated as  202 . As can be seen, the pattern lengths are greater than the longitudinal length of the back sheets  32 , which comport with the longitudinal length of the absorbent articles  10 . In the embodiment shown, the decorative component material is provided to the assembly line such that the longitudinal dimension of the material substantially corresponds with the longitudinal dimension of the absorbent articles  10 .  FIG. 2   a  demonstrates how successive absorbent articles  10  continuously manufactured using a back sheet  32  made from the decorative component material of the invention will have different decorative appearances.  
      Alternatively, as seen in  FIG. 2   b,  the lateral length of the component prepared from the decorative component material, e.g., the back sheet, as measured in its stretched position is the distance between Points A and B, and the pattern length of the design is the distance between Points C and E for the design designated as  201 , and the distance between Points D and F for the design designated as  202 . As can be seen, the pattern lengths are greater than the lateral length of the back sheets  32 , which correspond to the lateral length of the absorbent articles  10 . In the embodiment shown, the decorative component material is provided to the assembly line such that the longitudinal dimension of the material substantially corresponds with the lateral dimension of the absorbent articles  10 .  FIG. 2   b  demonstrates how successive absorbent articles  10  continuously manufactured using a back sheet  32  made from the decorative component material of the invention will have different decorative appearances.  
      In other embodiments, the pattern length may be considered as the distance between Points C and F, where the design itself comprises multiple designs  201  and  202 .  
       FIGS. 3 and 4  depict exemplary designs that could be used to prepare a back sheet material  32  from a decorative component material according to another preferred embodiment.  FIG. 3  comprises three designs, designated as areas  301 ,  302 , and  303 , with the distances between Points A and C, Points B and D, and Points C and E, respectively, defining the pattern length of each design. The three designs comprise colors that should be selected such that they complement each other, and further that they blend into each other toward their peripheries. A gradual grading of the tones of the colors along the pattern length could be used to blend the peripheries of adjacent designs.  
      The design can be considered as comprising multiple designs, which in  FIG. 3  is the three (3) designs between Points A and E designated as areas  301 ,  302 , and  303 , or alternatively the design may comprise all three areas  301 ,  302 , and  303 . The pattern length should be set at a length that does not correspond to one or both of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of the back sheet  32  needed to prepare an absorbent article.  
       FIG. 4  depicts a design comprising four (4) colors designated as areas  401 ,  402 ,  403 , and  404 , with the distance between Points A and C, Points B and D, Points C and E, and Points D and F, respectively, defining the pattern length of each design. Alternatively, the pattern length could be considered the design defined between Points A and F, where the design comprises all four areas  401 ,  402 ,  403 , and  404 .  
      In accordance with the preferred embodiments, the pattern length of the design is selected so that it does not correspond to one or both of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of the back sheet material  32  needed to prepare an absorbent article.  
      The invention is further illustrated by the following Examples which should not be regarded as limiting.  
     EXAMPLE 1  
      A design is disposed on a decorative component material having a longitudinal dimension and opposing lateral edges, the design comprising a pattern including various shades of the three colors of blue, green, and purple with the design as depicted in areas  301 ,  302 , and  303 , respectively, of  FIG. 3 . The design is similar to a sinusoidal curve oriented such that the curve extends along the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material. The pattern length may be measured as either a full or a half wavelength in the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material. The base of each curve is oriented substantially coterminous along a lateral edge of the decorative component material, with the apex of each curve fully extending to the opposing lateral edge of the decorative component material. Successive sinusoidal curve patterns as described are alternately disposed on the opposing lateral edges of the decorative component, as seen in  FIG. 3 , such that the patterns with bases on opposing lateral edges complement each other to completely cover the decorative component material.  
      The colors of the design are graded in intensity and in hue along the longitudinal dimension of the decorative component material such that the colors blend into the color of the adjacent design at their bordering edges so that the designs give the impression of being one continuous, multicolored pattern. For example, the blue color depicted in area  301  of  FIG. 3  varies in shade toward a green hue as it nears the edge of the adjacent green curve depicted as area  302 . Similarly, the green curve of area  302  varies in shade toward a purple hue as it nears the edge of the adjacent purple curve of area  303 , and the purple curve  303  varies in shade toward a blue hue as it nears the edge of the adjacent blue curve  301 .  
      The longitudinal length of decorative component material needed to prepare a back sheet for an absorbent article may range from about 31 cm for a small sized article to about 54 cm for an extra-large sized article. Thus, to prepare any sized absorbent article using the decorative component material for the back sheet, the design should preferably, but not necessarily, be less than 31 cm, or greater than 54 cm. For example, a design that is 25 cm in longitudinal length, or that is 75 cm in longitudinal length, would be acceptable because these dimensions are either less than or greater than any back sheet longitudinal dimensions, and also are not a multiple of any back sheet longitudinal dimensions.  
     EXAMPLE 2  
      Similar to Example 1, a decorative component material is prepared with a four color design as shown in  FIG. 4 , the four colors being blue in area  401 , purple in area  402 , green in area  403 , and teal in area  404 . Complementary curves are positioned opposite each other along the lateral edges of the decorative component material. Sinusoidal curves are suitable and preferred patterns, but other patterns such as triangles, squares, rectangles and the like may be used.  
     EXAMPLE 3  
      A back sheet material is prepared with a design, such as a tessalation, which is defined as any repeating pattern of interlocking shapes. Several well-known tessalations may be suitable for use with the invention, in particular those tessalations where the designs vary across the pattern length. Using the guidelines provided herein, one of ordinary skill in the art of drawing tessalations can design an appropriate pattern for use in the invention without undue experimentation. The designs may include colors as well.  
      The same principles apply when a tessalation design is used as when a color design is used. The pattern length of the tessalation must be greater than or less than, but must not correspond to, one or both of the longitudinal and lateral lengths of components made using the decorative component material.  
      Other embodiments, uses, and advantages of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The specification should be considered exemplary only, and the scope of the invention is accordingly intended to be limited only by the following claims.