Patent Publication Number: US-9901019-B2

Title: Tape feeder and method for moving a carrier tape towards a picking position in a component mounting machine

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/110,429 entitled, “Tape Feeder and Method for Moving a Carrier Tape Towards a Picking Position in a Component Mounting Machine”, filed on 12 Sep. 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,642,294, issued 2 May 2017 which is a National Stage Application of PCT/EP2012/056228, entitled “Tape Feeder and Method for Moving a Carrier Tape Towards a Picking Position in a Component Mounting Machine”, filed on 4 Apr. 2012 which is related to and claims the benefit of U.S. Prov. App. No. 61/473,679, entitled “Method and a Force Transmitting Arrangement for Engaging and Moving a Carrier Tape Towards a Picking Position in a Component Mounting Machine,” filed 8 Apr. 2011. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The technology disclosed generally relates to the field of manufacture and assembly of circuit boards. More specifically it relates to structure for delivering component tape to a component pickup position at which a component mounting machine removes components from the carrier tape for placement on a circuit board. 
     Generally, within the field of manufacture and assembly of circuit boards, electronic components are fed to a component mounting machine for mechanically and/or electrically mounting the components onto a circuit board. These surface mounted components are often delivered spaced apart along the length of a component tape, which consists of a lower carrier tape provided with compartments, one for each component, and an upper cover, or cover tape or protective tape. 
     After positioning the electronic components in the corresponding compartments, the cover tape is attached to the carrier tape, and the component tape is wound on a component reel. The attachment of the cover tape to the carrier tape can, for instance, be performed by providing either the cover tape or the carrier tape with adhesive areas, or by fusing the cover tape to the carrier tape. Then, the component reel is transferred to a component mounting machine, which feeds a component to a certain predetermined picking position where it can be picked, or collected, by a pick-up head. WO 1986/00778 shows a cassette magazine for a component mounting machine using the above described method. 
     According to a method conventionally used within the art, the loading of a component tape in a component mounting machine involves the following steps. Placing the component tape reel into the tape holder of a component mounting machine, or into a tape magazine of a component mounting machine; introducing the free end of the component tape into a feeding mechanism, provided in the machine or in the magazine, such that feeding pins engage corresponding holes provided in the component tape; separating, e.g. by hand, the end of the cover tape from the end of the carrier tape for a distance sufficient for the cover tape to be engaged with a cover tape handling means; and lowering a locking mechanism over the carrier tape for holding the carrier tape against the feeding mechanism. 
     Prior to the picking of the components, each component has to be exposed so as to make it available for picking. Conventionally, this is achieved by removing the cover tape from the carrier tape. The cover tape is then fed away by a separate cover tape handling means in order for the cover tape not to disturb the picking of components. Generally, the cover tape handling means comprises a winding hub on which the cover tape is wound. Additionally, when unloading the component tape from the component mounting machine, or the tape magazine, the winding hub has to be cleared of the cover tape. 
     A considerable length of the end of the cover tape has to be separated from the end of the carrier tape in order to bring the cover tape end to a cover tape handling means. Thus, the first decimeters of a new carrier tape are typically not provided with components. Otherwise, numerous components would be wasted during loading. However, when reloading a tape reel that already has been partly used, the tape is provided with components throughout, and consequently a large number of components may be wasted. 
     Prior art solutions describe a component tape comprising a carrier tape provided with compartments filled with components and a cover tape introduced into a feeding mechanism. Pins of feeder heads, mounted in the tape magazine, engage corresponding holes provided in the carrier tape. The end of the cover tape is removed from the carrier tape and wound onto a winding hub, which is provided with a separate feeding mechanism. The cover tape is brought past a first plate provided with a stripping edge, and the cover tape may be stretched by a separate reel applying pressure on the cover tape. A second plate may be provided after the first plate for preventing small components that can be electrostatically adhered to the cover tape from sticking to and following the removed portion of the cover tape when said portion is fed away. The second plate extends to a position where the components are picked by a pick-up head. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 7,220,620 discloses a system where the tape guide is provided with means for exposing a component to be picked at a picking position. This exposure means comprises separating means for separating and lifting a lateral portion of the cover from the carrier tape, leaving the remaining portion of the cover at least partially attached to the carrier tape, and for bringing the lifted portion of the cover aside such that the component to be picked can be exposed. 
     The use of such separating means in U.S. Pat. No. 7,220,620 eliminates the need for means handling the cover tape after removal from the carrier tape since the cover remains attached to the carrier tape. 
     The previously discussed tape feeders and tape guides may not be suitable for use when the component is contained within a deep compartment in the carrier tape. Specifically, the tape feeders in combination with tape guides are typically not adapted to allow a picker to remove the component from such deep compartments. Therefore there exists a need for structure that allows for the picking of components within deep compartments in carrier tape. Furthermore, the previously discussed tape guides are not adapted for use with various tape feeders that accommodate wide ranges of tapes with varying widths. Therefore, in order to improve manufacturing efficiency and operational flexibility, there exists a need for a tape guide that is capable of operating with a wide range of tape feeders such that a different tape guide does not have to be used with each specific tape feeder in order to accommodate the different widths of tape that each tape feeder utilizes. 
     The magazine slots of state of the art component tape magazines are typically not capable of operating with different types of tape feeders carrying component tapes with different widths, and/or tape feeders that are capable of operating with a wide ranges of tapes having varying width, since each tape feeder position or slot is only capable of operating with a specific type of tape feeder suitable only for carrying tapes with a certain limited width range. Therefore, in order to further improve manufacturing efficiency and operational flexibility, there exists a need for a component tape magazine having a plurality of slots or positions for accommodating tape feeders, which are each configured to accommodate and operate with different types of tape feeders and/or tape feeders which are configured to accommodate component tapes with a wide range of widths. 
     SUMMARY 
     The technology disclosed introduces a linear guide, a feeder wagon in one example, into a tape feeder that allows for movement along the y and z axes, within the tape feeder. In allowing for a linear movement of the linear guide along the y axis and the movement of a tape-engaging element of the linear guide in the z axis direction, the tape feeder allows for the picker to pick components from the carrier tape that are held within deep compartments of the carrier tape. The linear guide can be used with various types of tape feeders that are used with varying widths of component tape. Therefore the tape feeder can be used to guide tapes of varying widths. In order to achieve a cost efficient solution, the tape feeder can include components for performing multiple or all functions associated with the loading and picking of components from carrier tape including but not limited to linear bearings, feeder head, spring and magazine interfaces. The linear guide can also be a separate force transmitting unit in form of e.g. a one piece molded plastic part that is configured to be releasably mounted or coupled to the tape feeder and is easy to replace if it breaks or wears out. 
     One important aspect of the invention is that the force transmitting linear guide comprises a tape-engaging element in form of a feeder head that is adapted to be engageable with component tapes of various widths with high accuracy, even components that are held within deep compartments of the carrier tape. The feeder head is further adapted to be engageable with the component tapes to provide the linear movement of the component tapes from a first, tape engaging position to a second, tape released position. The linear guide may be adapted to use a driving force generated by the support structure to which the tape feeder is coupled or mounted, such as a component tape magazine and/or a component mounting machine, e.g. when the tape feeder lacks a force generating mechanisms. The driving force may then be generated by the support structure to provide a movement of the force transmitting linear guide which is used for pulling the component tape in a linear movement from the first, tape engaging position to the second, tape released position. Thus, examples of the present invention (1) permit the feeding pins of the feeder wagon to reach the feeding holes in many types of component tape, (2) provide a force transmitting unit which may be used with all tape widths and tapes with deep pockets, and (3) is adapted to engage with different types of component tapes with high accuracy to enable feeding of components that are held within deep compartments of a carrier tape and feeding of small components. 
     The linear guide and tape feeder of the invention is used with a component mounting machine, or in a component tape magazine arranged to be loaded into the component mounting machine, to direct component tape in a linear movement towards a component pick position. The component tape is of the type including a carrier tape, with compartments containing circuit board components, and a cover tape. The tape feeder includes a tape feeder body and a feeder wagon. The tape feeder body comprises a first side and tape guide elements defining a tape guide path, the first side having an inner surface. The feeder wagon comprises a feeder wagon body slidably mounted to the inner surface of the first side for movement along a first path parallel to the tape guide path between a first, pickup position and a second, delivery position. The feeder wagon further comprises a feeder head mounted to the feeder wagon body for movement (1) with the feeder wagon body as it moves along the first path, and (2) along a second path transverse to the first path between a first, tape-engaged position and a second, tape-released position. The feeder wagon comprises at least one driven interface through which the feeder wagon can be moved along the first path and the feeder head can be moved along the second path. The feeder head comprises a tape-engaging element engageable with component tape at the tape guide path when the feeder head is in the tape-engaged position. 
     Some examples of the tape feeder may include one or more the following. The feeder head may have an upper end, with the tape-engaging element at the upper end, and a lower end, the lower end of the feeder head and the feeder wagon body comprising engagement surfaces which engage one another when the feeder head is in the tape-engaged position. The feeder head and the feeder wagon body may comprise anti-bounce engagement surfaces which engage one another when the feeder head is in the tape-released position. 
     An example of a tape feeder and drive assembly comprises a tape feeder, a support structure, and means, carried by the support structure, for engaging the at least one driven interface and moving the feeder wagon body along the first path and the feeder head along the second path. 
     Another example of a tape feeder and drive assembly comprises a tape feeder, with at least one driven interface comprising a first driven interface and a second driven interface, and a support structure. A first driving element is carried by the support structure and engages the first driven interface to move the feeder wagon along the first path. A second driving element is carried by the support structure and engages the second driven interface to move the feeder head along the second path. 
     An example of a linear guide is used as a component of a tape feeder, the tape feeder of the type used to direct component tape along a tape guide path towards a component pick position of a component mounting machine. The component tape is of the type including a carrier tape, with compartments containing circuit board components, and a cover tape, the linear guide comprises a feeder wagon body and a feeder head. The feeder wagon body is slidably mountable to a tape feeder for movement along a first path parallel to the tape guide path for movement between a first, pickup position and a second, delivery position. The feeder head is mounted to the feeder wagon body for movement (1) with the feeder wagon body as it moves along the first path, and (2) along a second path transverse to the first path between a first, tape-engaged position and a second, tape-released position. The linear guide also comprises at least one driven interface through which the feeder wagon can be moved along the first path and the feeder head can be moved along the second path. The feeder head also comprises a tape-engaging element engageable with component tape at the tape guide path when the feeder head is in the tape-engaged position. 
     A method for directing component tape to a component pick position is used with a component mounting machine of the type including an electronic component pickup head at a component pick position. The component tape is of the type including a carrier tape with compartments containing circuit board components. A length of component tape is positioned along a tape guide path of a tape feeder body of a tape feeder, the tape feeder further comprising a feeder wagon, the feeder wagon comprising a feeder wagon body and a feeder head. The feeder head is moved along a feeder head path transverse to the tape guide path from a tape-released position to a tape-engaged position at which the feeder head drivingly engages the component tape. The feeder wagon body, and the feeder head therewith, is moved along a linear path generally parallel to the tape guide path from a first feeder wagon position to a second feeder wagon position. This movement causes the feeder head, engaging the component tape, to move a compartment of the carrier tape to the component pick position. The feeder head is moved along a reverse feeder head path from the tape-engaged position to the tape-released position thereby disengaging the feeder head from the carrier tape. The feeder wagon body, and the feeder head therewith, is moved from the second feeder wagon position to the first feeder wagon position. In some examples of the method each of the moving steps is completed before another moving step begins. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a simplified schematic side view showing a component tape to be directed along a tape guide path to a component pickup position beneath the pickup head of a component mounting machine by the feeder wagon of the tape feeder of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 2  is an enlarged perspective view of a tape feeder made according to the invention used with the structure of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a side view of the feeder wagon of the tape feeder of  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is an enlarged, somewhat simplified side view showing the tape feeder of  FIG. 2 , with the right side of the tape feeder body removed to show internal components, being lowered to be supported by a support structure, the support structure shown schematically as dashed lines. Also shown are a number of latching and drive components carried by the support structure. 
         FIG. 5  shows the structure of  FIG. 4  after the tape feeder has been mounted to the support structure to create a tape feeder and drive assembly. 
         FIG. 6  is exploded isometric view showing the inside surface of a portion of the left side of the tape feeder body and the feeder wagon prior to being mounted to the left side of the tape feeder body, the direction of movement for mounting the feeder wagon suggested by a right angled arrow. 
         FIG. 7  is an opposite view of the structure of  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 8  is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of  FIG. 4  showing the horizontal, y-axis driving unit engaging the feeder wagon body with the feeder wagon body at a first, left most, pickup position, and the vertical, z-axis driving unit engaging the bottom of the feeder head with the feeder head at a second, lowered, tape released position. 
         FIG. 9  shows the structure of  FIG. 8  with the z-axis driving unit moved upwardly to move the feeder head on a generally vertical second path to a first, tape-engaged position while the y-axis driving unit remains in the first, pickup position. 
         FIG. 10  shows the structure of  FIG. 9  after the y-axis driving unit has moved horizontally to the right causing the feeder wagon body to be moved along a first pass parallel to the tape guide path to a second, delivery position, with the z-axis driving unit moving with the feeder wagon body while maintaining its first, tape engaged position as the lower end of the feeder head slides along an upper surface of the z-axis driving unit. 
         FIG. 11  shows the structure of  FIG. 10  after the z-axis driving unit moved downwardly so that the feeder head also moves downwardly to the second, lower, tape released position of  FIG. 8 , and with the y-axis driving unit maintaining its position of  FIG. 10 . This is followed by the movement of the feeder wagon and the y-axis driving unit back to their positions of  FIG. 8  so that the new cycle can be started. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Prior art feeder heads, mounted in the magazines, are typically not able to reach the component tape in feeders for tapes with deep pockets. To get a robust function, the technology disclosed introduces a linear guide, referred to as a feeder wagon or force transmitting arrangement, for the Y and Z movement where the linear guide is mounted to one side, such as the left side, of the tape feeder body. In order to achieve a cost efficient solution, in some examples the feeder wagon provides multiple or all functions, e.g. linear bearing, feeder head, spring and magazine interface etc, in one molded plastic part which is easy to replace if it breaks or wears out. Thus, examples of the present invention permit the feeding pins of the feeder wagon to reach the feeding holes in many types of component tape, provides a force transmitting mechanism which may be used with all tape widths and tapes with deep pockets, and which is adapted to engage with different types of component tapes with high accuracy to enable feeding of components that are held within deep compartments of a carrier tape and feeding of small components. 
     The present invention may also provide improved manufacturing efficiency and operational flexibility by allowing for the introduction of a new type of flexible component tape magazines in which a plurality of tape feeders may be positioned randomly, or alternatively, which is configured with a plurality of discrete tape feeder positions or magazine slots for accommodating tape feeders, where at least one of the magazine slots is suitable for accommodating and operating with various types of tape feeders and/or tape feeders which are configured to accommodate component tapes with a wide range of tape widths. 
     The technology disclosed may be useful where a plurality of functions are achieved by the introduction of one part, the feeder wagon, which enables a short tolerance chain and a minimum of play. The feeder wagon is easy to replace if it breaks or if another design is needed for a special tape. The feeder wagon is mounted to one side of the tape feeder body which makes it easy to produce tape feeders for different tape sizes and to have different tape feeder sizes in the same magazine or the support structure. The interface between the tape feeder and the magazine or other support structure allows the position of the feeder wagon to be automatically corrected independent where the feeder wagon is during its stroke or cycle. 
     The following description will typically be with reference to specific structural embodiments and methods. It is to be understood that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specifically disclosed embodiments and methods but that the invention may be practiced using other features, elements, methods and embodiments. Preferred embodiments are described to illustrate the present invention, not to limit its scope, which is defined by the claims. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize a variety of equivalent variations on the description that follows. Like elements in various embodiments are commonly referred to with like reference numerals. 
     The force transmitting linear guide of the invention comprises a tape-engaging element in form of a feeder head, preferably comprising feeding pins, and that is adapted to be engageable with component tapes of various widths with high accuracy, even components that are held within deep compartments of the carrier tape. The feeder head is further adapted to be movable along the tape guide by the impact or imposition of an externally-generated driving force to pull the component tapes in a linear movement from a first, tape engaging position to a second, tape released position. The force transmitting linear guide may then be an intermediate member adapted to transmit the driving force generated by at least one support structure to which the tape feeder is coupled or mounted, such as a component tape magazine and/or a component mounting machine, e.g. when the tape feeder lacks a force generating mechanisms such as an electrically-driven motor. The driving force is instead generated by the at least one support structure in order to achieve the linear movement of the force transmitting linear guide, which is then a passive element that lacks a force generating mechanism such as e.g. an electrically-driven motor. Thus, the force transmitting linear guide is adapted to be engageable with a component tape and to transmit a force generated by at least one of the component tape magazine and the component mounting machine to pull the component tape in a linear movement from the first, tape engaging position to the second, tape released position. 
       FIG. 1  is a simplified schematic side view of an example of structure for delivering component tape  10  to a component pickup position  24 . Component tape  10  includes carrier tape  14  which forms a series of compartments  16  containing electrical components  18 . Component tape  10  also includes a cover tape  20  removably secured to carrier tape  14 . Component tape  10  moves along the tape guide path  22  and delivers electrical components  18  to a component pickup position  24  at a component mounting machine  26 . Machine  26  removes components  18  from the compartments  16  of carrier tape  14 , typically for placement on a circuit board, not shown. Component tape  10  is shown being directed along tape guide path  22  to component pickup position  24  beneath the pickup head  28  of component mounting machine  26  by the feeder wagon  30  of the tape feeder  32  of  FIG. 2 . Cover tape  20  is removed by a cover tape separator  29  including a cover tape separator blade  31  and a cover tape recovery reel  33 . In this example cover tape separator  29  is generally conventional and is therefore not described in detail. 
       FIG. 2  is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of tape feeder  32 , tape feeder  32  including broadly a tape feeder body  35 . Body  35  includes a first, left side  34 , a second, right side  36  connected to one another by spacers  38 ,  40 . Cover tape recovery reel  33  is mounted between left side  34  and right side  36  of tape feeder body  35  as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . The size of spacers  38 ,  40  is determined by the width of carrier tape  14 . In this example cover tape separator blade  31  is mounted to left side  34  of body  35 . In other examples different techniques for removing and dealing with removed cover tape  20  can be used. For example, cover tape separator  29  may be designed to be completely separate from tape feeder  32 . Body  35  also includes a semicircular mounting groove  44  formed at the forward end  46  of body  35 , the function of which will be discussed below. Left side  34  of body  35  also includes a tape feeder/support structure interface socket  48  used to provide positional information regarding feeder wagon  30  to a control system, not shown. Positional information regarding the position of an electrical component  18  in the X direction, that is perpendicular to the plane of  FIG. 1 , may also be provided. Left side  34  defines a first, left tape guide grooves  50  while right side  36  defines a second, right tape guide groove  52  to direct carrier tape  14  along tape guide path  22 . 
       FIG. 3  is a side view of the feeder wagon  30  of tape feeder  32 . Feeder wagon  30  includes a feeder wagon body  54  having a front end  56  and a back end  58 . Feeder wagon  30  also includes a generally vertically oriented feeder head  60  mounted to body  54  by upper and lower, slightly S-shaped springs  62  and  64 . The slightly S-shape of springs  62  and  64  is shown in  FIG. 3  with the springs in a relaxed state. Feeder wagon body  54  also includes a first driven interface  66  defining a tapered, Y-drive coupler recess  68 . Feeder head  60  has a second driven interface  70  at the lower end of the feeder head. 
       FIG. 4  is an enlarged, somewhat simplified side view showing the tape feeder  32  of  FIG. 2  but with the right side  36  of the tape feeder body  35  removed to show internal components. Also shown with left side  34  are feeder wagon  30  and component tape  10 , the component tape extending along tape guide path  22 . Feeder wagon  30  is shown being lowered into, so to be supported by, a support structure  74 , the support structure shown schematically as dashed lines. Support structure  74  may be, for example, the component mounting machine  26  or a tape magazine arranged to be loaded into a component mounting machine. 
     A number of latching and drive components are carried by support structure  74 . A front mounting bar  76  is carried by support structure  74  and is sized to engage within mounting groove  44  by tilting the forward end  46  of tape feeder body  35  downwardly and seating mounting bar  76  into mounting groove  44 . The back end of body  35  is then pivoted downwardly until the upper end  78  of latching arm  80  engages a back latching member  82  of left side  34  as upper end  78  moves along a curved path  84 . The lower end of latching arm  80  is mounted to support structure  74  by a spring support  86  which permits this movement of latching arm  80 . Upper end  78  engages first and second inclined surfaces  88 ,  90  as left side  34  of body  35  moves into its lower and locked position. 
     The downward pivotal movement of left side  34 , and thus the downward pivotal movement of tape feeder body  35 , is halted when a surface  92  of left side  34  engages a fixed surface  94  of a vertical stop member  96 . Vertical stop member  96  is mounted to support structure  74  at a fixed position. This engagement is shown in  FIG. 5  to form a tape feeder and drive assembly  108 . At this point second driven interface  70  of feeder head  60  engages a drive surface  98  of a solenoid type vertical, Z-axis drive unit  100 , drive unit  100  being mounted to vertical stop member  96 . In addition, a tapered coupling head  102  of a horizontal, Y-axis drive unit  104  passes into Y-drive coupler recess  68  to engage first driven interface  66 . The tapered engaging surfaces of tapered coupling head  102  and first driven interface  66  eliminate any play between the surfaces. At this position of  FIG. 5 , an interface plug  106  engages interface socket  48 . In addition to positional information, information relating to the identification of tape feeder  32  may also be provided through the interface socket  48 /plug  106 . 
       FIG. 6  is an exploded isometric view showing the inside surface  110  of a portion of the left side  34  of the tape feeder body  35  and the feeder wagon  30  prior to being mounted to the left side of the tape feeder body. Inside surface  110  includes a groove  112  having a stop surface  114  at one end. Inner surface  110  also has upper and lower grooves  116 ,  118  defined between upwardly and downwardly extending rails  120 ,  122  and the wall  124  of left side  34 . Notches  126  are formed at the aligned positions in rails  120 ,  122 . Notches  126  are positioned for alignment with correspondingly positioned tabs  128  of feeder wagon  30 . Feeder wagon  30  also includes a spring finger  130  which presses against a raised surface  132  just forward of stop surface  114  when feeder wagon  30  is moved against inside surface  110  of the left side  34  as indicated by the first portion of right angled arrow  134 . Doing so causes spring finger  130  to be deflected as it engages raised surface  132  permitting tabs  128  to pass through notches  126 . With tabs  128  within upper and lower grooves  116 ,  118 , feeder wagon  30  is moved rearward along the second leg of right angled arrow  134  causing spring finger  130  enter groove  112  and tabs  128  to be captured within upper and lower grooves  116 ,  118 . The engagement of spring finger  130  with stop surface  114  limits the forward movement of feeder wagon  30  in the direction of forward arrow  136 . To permit feeder wagon  30  to be removed from left side  34 , left side  34  has an access opening  138  passing into groove  112  adjacent to stop surface  114 . Insertion of an appropriate tool through access opening  138 , see  FIG. 7 , causes spring finger  130  to be deflected inwardly to permit removal of feeder wagon  30  are sliding the feeder wagon in a forward direction. 
     The actuation and operation of feeder wagon  30  will now be discussed with reference to  FIGS. 8-11 . 
       FIG. 8  is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of  FIG. 4  showing the generally horizontal, Y-axis driving unit  104  engaging the feeder wagon body  54  through the inter-engagement of tapered coupling head  102  with first driven interface  66 .  FIG. 8  shows feeder wagon body  54  at a first, left most, pickup position  140 . Feeder head  60  is shown in its second, lowered, tape released position  142  with the second driven interface  70  of feeder head  60  biased against driving surface  98  of z-axis driving unit  100  under the influence of springs  62 ,  64 . 
       FIG. 9  shows the structure of  FIG. 8  with the driving surface  98  of z-axis driving unit  100  moved upwardly to move the feeder head  60  the along a generally vertical second path  144  to a first, tape-engaged position  145 . At tape-engaged position  145  a pair of feeding pins  146  at the upper end of feeder head  60  engage holes, not shown, in compartment tape  10 . Upper and lower springs  62 ,  64  move from a slightly S-shaped configuration in  FIG. 8  to a flattened, generally straight configuration in  FIG. 9  so that the force exerted by spring  62 ,  64  on feeder head  60  is generally constant. The flattened, generally straight configuration for spring  62 ,  64  also helps to ensure that the horizontal movement of feeder head  60  matches the horizontal movement of feeder wagon body  54  as feeder head  60  is pulled parallel to tape guide path  22  because the springs will effectively not deflect during such movement. This generally vertical movement of feeder head  60  occurs while y-axis driving unit  104  remains in its pickup position  140  of  FIG. 8 . 
       FIG. 10  shows the structure of  FIG. 9  after y-axis driving unit  104  has moved horizontally to the right causing the feeder wagon body  54 , and feeder head  60  connected thereto, to be moved along a generally horizontal, first path  147  generally parallel to tape guide path  22 . This places feeder wagon body  54  at a second, delivery position  148 . The pulling of feeder head  60  in the forward direction tends to create a buckling force on lower springs  64 . To prevent spring  64  from buckling, feeder head  60  has a protrusion  150  which engages an edge  152  of feeder wagon body  54 . During the movement of y-axis drive unit  104 , drive surface  98  of z-axis driving unit  100  maintains its tape-engaged position  145  as the second driven interface  70  of feeder head  60  slides along drive surface  98 . 
       FIG. 11  shows the structure of  FIG. 10  after the drive surface  98  of z-axis driving unit  100  has been lowered causing feeder head  60  to move downwardly along the generally vertical, second path  144  under the influence of upper and lower springs  62 ,  64  to the tape released position  142 . Z-axis driving unit  104  is maintained in the delivery position  148  of  FIG. 10 . While interface  70  and drive surface  98  are shown to in contact in  FIG. 11 , in practice as the solenoid type z-axis drive unit  100  moves downwardly and releases feeder head  60 , drive surface  98  may be far enough down so that spring  62 ,  64  could move downwardly past their relaxed positions causing feeder head  60  to rebound and possibly allowing the feeding pins  146  to hit the bottom side of component tape  10 . To prevent this, feeder head  60  and left side  34  have anti-bounce engagement surfaces created by an end stop  154  on feeder head  60 , see  FIGS. 6 and 7 , which engages a horizontal surface  156  of left side  34 , see  FIGS. 10 and 11 . This is followed by the movement of y-axis driving unit  104  to the left causing the second driven interface  72  to slide along a surface  98  until the structures return to positions  140  and  142  of  FIG. 8  so that a new cycle can be started. 
     The above descriptions may have used terms such as above, below, top, bottom, over, under, et cetera. These terms may be used in the description and claims to aid understanding of the invention and not used in a limiting sense. 
     While the present invention is disclosed by reference to the preferred embodiments and examples detailed above, it is to be understood that these examples are intended in an illustrative rather than in a limiting sense. It is contemplated that modifications and combinations will occur to those skilled in the art, which modifications and combinations will be within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the following claims. For example, in some examples the horizontal and vertical driving unit can be components of tape feeder  32 . In some examples a combination horizontal, y-axis and vertical, z-axis driving unit could be used to engage feeder wagon  30  at a single position. Feeder head  60  could be slidably the feeder wagon body with an appropriate spring used to bias the feeder head against the surface  98 . While feeder wagon  30  is shown, in this example, on left side  34  of tape feeder body  35 , in other examples it could be mounted to right side  36  according to the configuration of compartment tape  10 . Right side  36  could be replaced in some examples by nothing more than structure defining right tape guide groove  52 . While the movement of feeder head  60  and feeder wagon body  54  through the actuation of the z-axis driving unit  100  and y-axis driving unit  104  are described as sequential, in practice, there could be some overlap of the movements. For example, after the z-axis drive unit  100  has moved the feeder head  60  downwardly a sufficient distance so that feeding pins  146  no longer engage carrier tape  14 , y-axis driving unit  104  could begin its movement to the left towards the position of  FIG. 9 . 
     Any and all patents, patent applications and printed publications referred to above are incorporated by reference.