Patent Publication Number: US-4220593-A

Title: 2-Cyclopropyl-4-isopropyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane as odorant

Description:
This is a division of Ser. No. 844,281, filed Oct. 21, 1977, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,146,506. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to perfumery compositions containing 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes and the novel 2-substituted-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes. 
     The use of alkylated 1,3-dioxanes as perfumes is already known from British patent specification No. 981,285, relating to compounds of the general formula ##STR2## in which R 1  represents an alkyl radical having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, R 2  represents hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R 3  represents hydrogen or a methyl radical. According to patent specification No. 981,285, it is essential to observe the following conditions in order to obtain usable perfumes: (1) the number of carbon atoms of the straight- or branched-chain alkyl radical R 1  located in the 2 position must be at least 4 but no more than 9, (2) the substituent in the 4 position must only be a methyl radical, and (3) each ring carbon atom must carry at least one hydrogen atom. By virtue of these conditions of the said patent specification which greatly limit the breadth of the generic formula, it was not to be anticipated that compounds, hving other than the structure initially specified, would possess perfume qualities. 
     Copending, commonly-assigned U.S. patent application Ser. No. 806,616, filed June 15, 1977 now U.S. Pat. No. 4,124,541, relates to the use of alkyl-substituted 1,4-dioxanes for use in perfumery compositions of the formula ##STR3## Here again, each ring carbon must carry at least one hydrogen atom, and, of course, the compound is a 1,4-dioxane. 
     OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is the development of a perfumery composition with characteristic fragrances ranging from fruity, herbal to woody. 
     A further object of the present invention is the development of a perfumery composition consisting essentially of from 1% to 50% by weight of a 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR4## wherein R 1  and R 2  are individually members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and cyclopropyl, and the remainder customary constituents of perfumery compositions. 
     A yet further object of the present invention is the obtaining of a 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR5## wherein R 1  and R 2  are individually members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and cyclopropyl, with the proviso that R 1  and R 2  are not both hydrogen. 
     These and other objects of the present invention will become more apparent as the description thereof proceeds. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     We have now found that 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes of the following general formula I can be used in an advantageous manner as perfumes having a wide variety of fragrances: ##STR6## in which R 1  and/or R 2  represent hydrogen or an alkyl or cycloalkyl radical having 1 to 3 carbon atoms. 
     More particularly, the invention relates to a perfumery composition consisting essentially of from 1% to 50% by weight of a 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR7## wherein R 1  and R 2  are individually members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and cyclopropyl, and the remainder customary constituents of perfumery compositions. 
     Some of the 2-substituted-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes are novel products. These are particularly 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes of the formula ##STR8## wherein R 1  and R 2  are individually members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and cyclopropyl, with the proviso that R 1  and R 2  are not both hydrogen. 
     The use of the above 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes in perfumery was completely unexpected in view of the teachings of British Pat. No. 981,285 as discussed above. The compounds of the present invention have one or two ring carbons without hydrogen atoms. The substituent in the 4 position is isopropyl and the substituents R 1  and/or R 2  must have 3 or less carbon atoms. Any supposition that the compounds of formula I would have any use in perfumery was further invalidated by virtue of the fact that 2-alkyl substituted compounds of formula I, in which at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2  had more than 3 carbon atoms, such as 2-ethyl-2-butyl-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane or 2,2-dibutyl-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, were not suitable for perfumes, although they fulfilled the requirements of the British patent specification for a substituent having 4 to 9 carbon atoms in the 2 position. 
     The 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes of the structure specified, and which, in accordance with the invention, are to be used as perfumes, are produced by conventional methods of organic chemistry by acetalization or ketalization of 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-(1,3) with aliphatic aldehydes or ketones in the presence of an acidic catalyst, respectively, according to the reaction diagram: ##STR9## where R 1  and R 2  have the above-assigned values. 
     Thus, for example, Baltz et al have described the compound 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane in the &#34;Journal fur praktische Chemie&#34; 29: 250-258 (1965), without recognizing its perfume character or mentioning its possibilities of use. 
     More particularly, the invention also relates to a process for the production of a 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane of the formula ##STR10## wherein R 1  and R 2  are individually members selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms and cyclopropyl, with the proviso that R 1  and R 2  are not both hydrogen, which consists essentially of the step of reacting 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-(1,3) with a compound of the formula ##STR11## wherein R 1  and R 2  have the above-assigned values under ketalization conditions in the presence of an acidic catalyst, and recovering very 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane. 
     4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes to be used in accordance with the invention are, for example, 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 4-isopropyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2-ethyl-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2,4-diisopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 4-isopropyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2-ethyl-4-isopropyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2,2-diethyl-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2-cyclopropyl-4-isopropyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2,4-diisopropyl-2,5,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane, 2,2,4-triisopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, and 2-cyclopropyl-4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane. Moreover, the 2-substituted products constitute new compounds. 
     The 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes to be used in accordance with the invention are valuable perfumes having characteristic fragrances ranging from fruity, herbal to woody. A particular advantage of the perfumes in accordance with the invention is that they are capable of being combined very satisfactorily to form novel fragrances in the perfumery compositions of the invention. 
     The 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes to be used, in accordance with the invention, as perfumes, can be mixed with other perfumes in a wide range of quantity ratios to form novel perfumery compositions. In general, the proportion of the 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes to be used in the perfumery compositions according to the invention will vary from 1% to 50% by weight relative to the total perfumery composition. The remainder of the composition is conventional perfumery constituents. Such compositions can act directly as a perfume or, alternatively, can be used to perfume cosmetics such as creams, lotions, toilet waters, aerosols, toilet soaps, etc. However, as is possible with the 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes themselves, they can also be used to improve the odor of technical products such as washing and cleaning agents, disinfectants, agents for treating textiles, etc. 
    
    
     The following Examples are intended to further explain the subject of the invention, but without any implied limitation to these Examples. 
     EXAMPLES 
     The method for the production of representative 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes will be given first by two procedures. The remaining products are made comparably. 
     Production of 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane (Example 1) 
     146 gm(1 mol) of 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-(1,3), 33 gm (1.1 mol) of paraformaldehyde, 60 ml of ethylenechloride and 0.1 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid were heated in a reactor connected to a water separator until no further water was recovered azeotropically, which took approximately 2 hours. 1.5 gm of sodium carbonate was then added to the mixture and the major quantity of the ethylenechloride was distilled off at normal pressure (sump temperature up to 155° C.). The residue remaining was subsequently fractionally distilled under vacuum. 150 gm of 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane having a b.p. 20  =71° C. were obtained, corresponding to a yield of 95% of theory. 
     Production of 4-isopropyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3-dioxane (Example 5) 
     292 gm (2 mol) of 2,2,4-trimethylpentanediol-(1,3), 108 gm (2.02 mol) of acetone, 296 gm (2 mol) of orthoformic acid triethylester and 0.4 gm of p-toluene sulfonic acid were agitated for 1 hour at room temperature. Formic acid ester and ethanol were subsequently distilled off at normal pressure (sump temperature up to 130° C.). The residue was mixed with ether. Sodium carbonate was added to the solution and the product was washed neutral with water. The solvent was evaporated, and the residue was fractionally distilled under vacuum. 280 gm of 4-isopropyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3-dioxane having a b.p. 13  of 70° C. were obtained, corresponding to a yield of 70% of theory. 
     The other 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane, whose odor characteristics and physical data are given in the following Table, were obtained in an analogous manner. 
     
                       TABLE                                                       
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                  Boiling                                                 
                  point/                                                  
                  Pressure                                                
Ex.  Designation  °C/Torr                                          
                           n.sub.D.sup.20                                 
                                  Odor                                    
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1    4-isopropyl-5,5-                                                     
                  71/20    1.4390                                         
                                 Herbal, odor of                          
     dimethyl-1,3-               borneol, camphor                         
     dioxane                                                              
2    4-isopropyl-2,5,5-                                                   
                  55/5.0   1.4306                                         
                                 Minty, odor of                           
     trimethyl-1,3-              camphor, menthol                         
     dioxane                                                              
3    2-ethyl-4-iso-                                                       
                  32/0.05  1.4325                                         
                                 Sweet, woody,                            
     propyl-5,5-                 fruity, sassa-                           
     dimethyl-                   fras, aniseed                            
     1,3-dioxane                 cedramber                                
                                 fragrance                                
4    2,4-diisopropyl-                                                     
                  94/20    1.4335                                         
                                 Spicy, woody,                            
     5,5-dimethyl-               fruity                                   
     1,3-dioxane                                                          
5    4-isopropyl-2,2,                                                     
                  70/13    1.4305                                         
                                 Fragrance of                             
     5,5-tetramethyl-            freshly sawn                             
     1,3-dioxane                 wood                                     
6    2-ethyl-4-iso-                                                       
                  70/4.0   1.4375                                         
                                 Minty, leathery,                         
     propyl-2,5,5-               oryclon fragrance                        
     trimethyl-1,30                                                       
     dioxane                                                              
7    2,2-diethyl-4-                                                       
                  103/17   1.4420                                         
                                 Nutty, lovage,                           
     isopropyl-5,5-              plum-jam                                 
     dimethyl-1,3-               fragrance                                
     dioxane                                                              
8    2-cyclopropyl-                                                       
                  98/3.0   1.4508                                         
                                 Jasmone fragrance                        
     4-isopropyl-2,5,                                                     
     5-trimethyl-1,3-                                                     
     dioxane                                                              
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     All the compounds given in the above Examples have the described fragrances which render them suitable for producing a wide variety of perfumery compositions. Such compositions can be used to perfume a wide variety of products such as cosmetics, washing agents, soaps as well as technical products in concentrations of approximately 0.05% to 2% by weight. Examples of perfumery compositions having a content of the 4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxanes in accordance with the invention are given hereinafter. 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     
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Fantasy Lavender                                                          
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4-isopropyl-5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane                                      
                      500 parts by weight                                 
Example 1                                                                 
Terpineol             100 parts by weight                                 
Lavendine oil Abrialis                                                    
                      100 parts by weight                                 
Linalyl acetate       100 parts by weight                                 
Linalool              50 parts by weight                                  
Ketone Musk           40 parts by weight                                  
Lavender oil          30 parts by weight                                  
Cumarin               20 parts by weight                                  
Sandalwood manufactured by the                                            
Firm Haarmann &amp; Reimer                                                    
                      20 parts by weight                                  
Patchouli oil Sing.   20 parts by weight                                  
Camphor               15 parts by weight                                  
Ambroxan, 10% in isopropyl myristate                                      
                      5 parts by weight                                   
                      1000 parts by weight                                
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     EXAMPLE 10 
     
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Conifer composition                                                       
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4-isopropyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-                                          
1,3-dioxane, Example 5                                                    
                     500 parts by weight                                  
Pine needle oil, Siberian                                                 
                     200 parts by weight                                  
Dwarf-pine oil       100 parts by weight                                  
Bergamot oil         50 parts by weight                                   
Lavandine oil        50 parts by weight                                   
Cypress oil          20 parts by weight                                   
Eucalyptus oil       20 parts by weight                                   
Cedryl acetate       20 parts by weight                                   
Hydroxycitronellal-dimethylacetal                                         
                     20 parts by weight                                   
Oak moss, absolute 50%                                                    
                     10 parts by weight                                   
Rosemary oil         8 parts by weight                                    
Lauric aldehyde      1 part by weight                                     
β, γ-hexanol                                                   
                     1 part by weight                                     
                     1000 parts by weight                                 
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     EXAMPLE 11 
     
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Fantasy Jasmine                                                           
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2-cyclopropyl-4-isopropyl-2,5,5-tri-                                      
methyl-1,3-dioxane, Example 8                                             
                     120 parts by weight                                  
Benzyl acetate       455 parts by weight                                  
Phenylethyl alcohol  220 parts by weight                                  
Geraniol from citronella oil                                              
                     58 parts by weight                                   
Cinnamic alcohol     35 parts by weight                                   
Cedar wood oil, Virginia                                                  
                     30 parts by weight                                   
Benzyl salicylate    25 parts by weight                                   
Ylang-ylang oil      20 parts by weight                                   
Methyl anthranilate  20 parts by weight                                   
Cananga oil          10 parts by weight                                   
Isoeugenol           5 parts by weight                                    
Ethyl salicylate     2 parts by weight                                    
                     1000 parts by weight                                 
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     The preceding specific embodiments are illustrative of the practice of the invention. It is to be understood, however, that other expedients known to those skilled in the art or disclosed herein, may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.