Patent Publication Number: US-11642312-B2

Title: Blend compositions for oral administration as a rapidly dissolving powder and/or suspension

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/591,427, filed Oct. 2, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/838,254 filed Dec. 11, 2017, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,471,006, on Nov. 12, 2019, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/529,170 filed on Jul. 6, 2017, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable formulations of orally administered substances, and more particularly to formulations for orally administering substances, the individual formulations being administrable in either a dry powder form or with a small quantity of water (as preferred by the subject), and to methods for preparation and administering the substances. 
     INTRODUCTION 
     Patient acceptance of medications, often referred to as patient adherence, has been reported to average 50% in developing countries around the world (1). Although a number of factors may contribute to the 50% lack of adherence, characteristics of the drug formulation may be of particular importance. For example, oral tablet formulations can sometimes cause dysphasia and/or nausea and vomiting in patients (2). Further, unpleasant taste may be a challenge in administering a medicine particularly for children (3, 4). 
     Ibuprofen is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with multiple beneficial effects including pain relief and reduction of inflammation and fever. (5, 6). Nevertheless, patient adherence may be a challenge in treatment with ibuprofen as well as other NSAIDs (7, 8). 
     Additionally, formulations which are administrable both in dry powder form and in suspension by adding a minimum quantity of water to dissolve the dry powder are not available on the market. Powder, solution, and suspension dosage forms typically utilize a different set of excipients to achieve acceptable physical properties. For a powder, excipients are chosen on the basis of achieving acceptable physical properties such as flow, density, and compactability. For a solution and suspension dosage forms, excipients are chosen on the basis of achieving acceptable properties such as solubility, suspendability, dispersability, and viscosity. For flavored powders, solutions, and suspensions, the type and concentration of sweeteners and flavors are typically different since the sensory perception of flavor and texture would be different when consuming a powder versus a liquid dosage form. Also, taste masking of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) are typically dependent on type, concentration, and processing method (i.e., API coating, granule coating, etc.) of excipients. 
     Therefore, what is needed is a formulation which is administrable both in dry powder form and in suspension by adding a minimum quantity of water to dissolve the dry powder. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, the inventors herein have succeeded in devising formulations that can be administered either as a dry powder or in a small quantity of water. The new formulations provide improved taste and mouthfeel to facilitate ease of administration and patient adherence. 
     Thus, in various embodiments, the present invention is directed to dry-powder oral formulations that include an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various embodiments, the dry-powder formulation includes ibuprofen; sunflower lecithin powder; guar gum; xylitol and isomalt; cherry, strawberry and raspberry flavorings, grape flavoring, orange flavoring, other fruit flavors, and citric acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, or any other acidulants, and combinations of any of the following, in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various aspects, the formulation solubility or dispersability in water is no more than about 0.5 w/v. In various aspects, the formulation or an aqueous solution or dispersion thereof is in a unit dosage form in a container selected from the group consisting of a blister foil pack, stick pack, sachet, pouch, bottle, orally disintegrating tablet, dispersible tablet, capsule, powder in a capsule, and spheres in a capsule. In various aspects, the unit dosage form of ibuprofen is in a quantity of about 50, about 100, about 200, about 400, about 600 or about 800 mg. 
     In various other embodiments, the present invention is directed to a method of administering an API. The method includes providing a dry-powder oral formulation of the API, a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various embodiments, the dry-powder formulation includes ibuprofen; sunflower lecithin powder; guar gum; xylitol and isomalt; cherry, strawberry and raspberry flavorings and citric acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various aspects, the formulation solubility or dispersability in water is no more than about 0.5 w/v. In various aspects, the formulation or an aqueous solution or dispersion thereof is in a unit dosage form in a container selected from the group consisting of a blister foil pack, stick pack, sachet, pouch, orally disintegrating tablet, dispersible tablet and capsule. In various aspects, the unit dosage form of ibuprofen is in a quantity of about 50, about 100, about 200, about 400, about 600, or about 800 mg. 
     Various other embodiments are directed to a method of preparing a dry powder oral formulation of an API. The method includes combining, in any order, an API, a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various embodiments, the dry-powder formulation includes ibuprofen; sunflower lecithin powder; guar gum; xylitol and isomalt; cherry, strawberry and raspberry flavorings and citric acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various aspects, the formulation solubility or dispersability in water is no more than about 0.5 w/v. In various aspects, the formulation or an aqueous solution or dispersion thereof is in a unit dosage form in a container selected from the group consisting of a blister foil pack, stick pack, sachet, pouch, orally disintegrating tablet, dispersible tablet and capsule. In various aspects, the unit dosage form of ibuprofen is in a quantity of about 50, about 100, about 200, about 400, about 600 or about 800 mg. 
     In various other embodiments, the present invention is directed to an excipient composition for combining with an API to produce a drug or nutraceutical composition. The composition includes a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a preparation that when combined with an API produces a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. In various embodiments, the excipient composition includes a sunflower lecithin powder; guar gum; xylitol and isomalt; cherry, strawberry and, raspberry flavorings and citric acid. 
     In various other embodiments, the present invention is directed to a dry powder formulation or an aqueous solution or dispersion thereof as described above comprised within a unit dosage form in a container selected from the group consisting of a blister foil pack, stick pack, sachet, pouch, bottle, orally disintegrating tablet, dispersible tablet, powder in a capsule, spheres in a capsule, and capsule. 
     In yet other embodiments, the present invention is directed to a chewable, swallowable, and/or orally disintegrating tablet comprising an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. 
     These and other features, aspects and advantages of the present teachings will become better understood with reference to the following description, examples and appended claims. 
    
    
     DRAWINGS 
     No drawings are submitted with this application. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention is directed to formulations for orally administering substances in a dry powder form or with a small quantity of water and to methods for preparing and administering the formulations. 
     As used herein, the following terms are defined with the following meanings, unless explicitly stated otherwise. 
     The term “about” when used before a numerical designation, e.g., pH, temperature, quantity, concentration, and molecular weight, including range, indicates approximations which may vary by ±5%, ±1%, or ±0.1%. 
     As used in the specification and claims, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” may include a plurality of pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, including mixtures thereof. 
     The term “and/or” is intended to mean either or both of two components of the invention. 
     The term “subject,” “individual” or “patient” is used interchangeably herein, and refers to a human. 
     The term “device,” as used herein, refers to an apparatus or system capable of delivering a drug to patient in need thereof. 
     The term “in need of treatment” and the term “in need thereof” when referring to treatment are used interchangeably and refer to a judgment made by a caregiver, e.g. physician, nurse, nurse practitioner, that a patient will benefit from treatment. 
     The term “pharmaceutically acceptable,” as used herein, refers to a component of a pharmaceutical composition that is compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not overly deleterious to the recipient thereof. 
     The term “carrier” refers to a diluent, adjuvant, excipient, or vehicle with which the therapeutic is administered and includes, but is not limited to such liquids and powders that are hydrophilic substances, hydrophobic substances and substances that possess both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties such as emulsifiers. 
     The term “therapeutically effective amount,” as used herein, refers to the amount of active compound or pharmaceutical agent that elicits the biological or medicinal response in a tissue, system, or individual that is being sought by a researcher, healthcare provider or individual. 
     The term “w/w” as used herein, is intended to refer to mass fraction, i.e., the mass of a component divided by total mass of the whole. The term “% w/w” is intended to refer to the mass fraction multiplied by 100. Similarly, the term “w/v” refers to volume concentration, i.e., the mass of a component divided by total volume of the whole and the term “% w/v” refers to the volume concentration multiplied by 100. 
     The term “mouthfeel’ as used herein is intended to refer to the physical sensations in the mouth produced by a particular food or drug. 
     The term API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) as used herein, refers to the component in a therapeutic medication or nutraceutical substance that is biologically active. 
     The term “unit dose” refers to a single drug delivery entity, e.g., a tablet, capsule, dry powder, solution, dispersion etc., that is administered to an individual. The amount administered may vary according to numerous factors, including, e.g., the age of the individual, the weight of the individual, the genetic makeup of the individual, and the severity of symptoms exhibited by the individual to whom the drug is administered. 
     The unit dosage form (powder, granulation, tablet, sphere, or capsule) may be packaged into a blister foil pack, a stick pack, a sachet, a pouch, a bottle, or any other self-contained unit. The unit dosage form may optionally be packaged as a dual package whereby the dry component (powder, granulation, tablet, sphere, capsule) may be combined with a solution component in an integrated package. 
     The term “excipient” as used herein is intended to mean components of a drug formulation other than the API that are added to a drug formulation to perform a specific function in the finished drug product. The excipient may aid in dissolution or dispersion of the API, beneficially alter the mouthfeel of the drug product, improve the taste profile of the drug product among other things. An excipient composition is intended to refer to a combination of a plurality of excipients that can be added to an API to produce a finished drug product. 
     The term NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) as used herein, refers to drugs distinguished as a class from steroid compounds in which the drugs provide analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects. Prominent NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen although other NSAIDs include ketoprofen, sulindac, etodolac, fenoprofen, diclofenac, flurbiprofen, ketorolac, piroxicam, indomethacin, mefenamic, meloxicam, nabumetone, oxaprozin, ketoprofen, meclofenamate, tolmetin and salsalate. 
     Ibuprofen is an NSAID that is a non-specific cyclooxygenase inhibitor available over the counter and generally viewed as being relatively safe. (9, 10). Ibuprofen is sparingly soluble in water and different formulations have shown different absorption rates but equivalent bioavailability (11). 
     In various embodiments, ibuprofen may be present in certain formulations herein. In such formulations, the ibuprofen may be present in a quantity of from about 1.5% w/w, about 3.0% w/w, about 4.0% w/w, about 5.0% w/w or about 6.0% w/w up to about 9.0% w/w, about 10.0% w/w, about 11.0% w/w, about 12.0% w/w, about 13.0% w/w, about 14.0% w/w or about 15.0% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 1.5% w/w, about 3.0% w/w, about 4.0% w/w, about 5.0% w/w, about 6.0% w/w, about 7% w/w, about 7.5% w/w, about 8% w/w, about 9.0% w/w, about 10.0% w/w, about 11.0% w/w, about 12.0% w/w, about 13.0% w/w, about 14.0% w/w or about 15.0% w/w. 
     Formulations 
     In various embodiments, the present invention is directed to an excipient composition comprising a lecithin powder, a galactomannan, one or more sweetening agents, one or more flavoring agents and an organic acid in a preparation that when combined with an API produces a pharmaceutically acceptable preparation. 
     The invention utilizes functional excipients to produce a powder such that the following are achieved:
         1. Acceptable properties of flow, density, compactibility, suspendability, and dispersability are achieved for powder, solution, and suspension dosage forms.   2. Acceptable flavor profiles (intensity of flavor) and sufficient taste masking of one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients in the dosage forms listed in item 1 without the need for complex taste masking methods.   3. The same powder formulation can be processed utilizing but not limited to dry blending, roller compaction, wet granulation, spheronization and filled into foil/stick packs/sachets/pouches, compressed into chewable/swallowable/quick dissolving tablets and filled into capsules.   4. The invention allows for the powder dosage form to quickly dissolve in the mouth or the powder can be readily dissolved or suspended and dispersed using a small quantity of water and then taken by mouth.       

     In various embodiments, the formulation is a dispersion comprising ibuprofen, guar, lecithin, and flavors. In such a dispersion, isomalt, xylitol, citric acid, can be solubilized. In various other embodiments, the formulation can comprise components which are all solubilized. 
     Lecithin refers to a group of amphiphilic, surfactant compounds naturally occurring in plant and animal tissue and pharmaceutically useful as emulsifying agents. Lecithins can be found in fish, eggs, milk, soybeans, cotton seed, rapeseed and sunflower seeds. Chemically, the central structure of lecithin is a glycerol group with ester linkages to two long chain fatty acid groups and to an orthophosphate group. The orthophosphate group is then linked by an ester bond to a strongly basic choline group (12). The resultant molecule as shown below is a surfactant: 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     In processing from plant sources, the extract may be in oily liquid form as a result of the presence of liquid oily components which when further removed yields a granular or powder product. 
     Sunflower lecithin powder contains phosphatidyl choline, phosphatidyl inositol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine, and phosphatidic acid. In contrast to this, lecithin oil additionally contains oily components that result in the composition being in the form of an oily liquid. 
     The term “lecithin” or “lecithin powder” as used herein is intended to reference lecithin in powder or granular form and not lecithin oil. 
     The lecithin powder may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.4% w/w up to about 0.6% w/w, about 0.7% w/w, about 0.8% w/w, about 0.9% w/w or about 1.0% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.3% w/w, about 0.4% w/w, about 0.5% w/w, about 0.6% w/w, about 0.7% w/w, about 0.8% w/w, about 0.9% w/w or about 1.0% w/w. 
     The term “galactomannan” refers to a polysaccharide containing a mannose backbone and galactose side groups. Galactomannans may have a mannose to galactose ratio of from about 1:1 to about 4:1 and non-limiting examples include fenugreek gum, guar gum, tara gum and locust bean gum. Guar gum, in particular, may be useful as a component in the formulations herein. 
     The galactomannan, guar gum (mannose:galactose˜2:1) may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 0.05% w/w, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2% w/w up to about 0.3% w/w, about 0.35% w/w, about 0.4% w/w, about 0.45% w/w or about 0.5% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 0.05% w/w, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.15% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.25% w/w, about 0.3% w/w, about 0.35% w/w, about 0.4% w/w, about 0.45% w/w or about 0.5% w/w. 
     Sweetening agents such as sugar alcohols, in particular, may be useful in the formulations herein. Sugar alcohols are polyols that may be derived from sugars in which either the aldehyde or the keto group may be reduced. These may include (with chain length indicated in parentheses): glycerol (3-carbon), erythritol (4-carbon), threitol (4-carbon), arabitol (5-carbon), xylitol (5-carbon), ribitol (5-carbon), mannitol (6-carbon), sorbitol, (6-carbon), galactitol (6-carbon), fucitol (6-carbon), iditol (6-carbon), inositol (6-carbon cyclic sugar alcohol), volemitol (7-carbon), isomalt (12-carbon), maltitol (12-carbon), lactitol (12-carbon), maltotriitol (18-carbon) and maltotetraitol (24-carbon). Xylitol and isomalt, in particular, may be useful in the formulations herein. Xylitol may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 1% w/w, about 5% w/w, about 10% w/w or about 15% w/w up to about 25% w/w, about 30% w/w, about 35% w/w or about 40% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 5% w/w, about 10% w/w, about 15% w/w, about 20% w/w, about 25% w/w, about 30% w/w, about 35 o about 40% w/w. 
     Isomalt may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 10% w/w, 15% w/w, 20% w/w, 25% w/w, 30% w/w, 35% w/w, 40% w/w, about 45% w/w, about 50% w/w, about 55% w/w, about 60% w/w or about 65% w/w up to about 75% w/w, about 80% w/w or about 85% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 40% w/w, about 45% w/w, about 50% w/w, about 55% w/w, about 60% w/w, about 65% w/w, about 70% w/w, about 75% w/w, about 80% w/w, about 85% w/w, or about 90% w/w. Other fillers or diluents can include dextrins, maltodextrins, fructose, and the like in the same amounts. Those of skill in the art will recognize other fillers and diluents suitable in the present formulation. 
     Flavoring agents may also be included in the formulations herein. Flavoring agents are additives that modify or enhance the taste and the aroma of orally consumed substances. Examples of the flavoring agent that may be used in the formulations herein include fruity flavoring agents such as cherry, strawberry and raspberry as well as other flavoring agents such as peppermint, spearmint, lemon, etc. Cherry, strawberry and raspberry flavorings, in particular, may be useful in the formulations herein. 
     The cherry, strawberry and raspberry flavoring, may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 0.02% w/w, about 0.04% w/w, about 0.08% w/w, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.4% w/w, about 0.8% w/w up to about 1.2% w/w, about 1.4% w/w, about 1.6% w/w, about 1.8% w/w or about 2.0% w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 0.02% w/w, about 0.04% w/w, about 0.08% w/w, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.4% w/w, about 0.6% w/w, about 0.8% w/w, about 1.0% w/w, about 1.2% w/w, about 1.4% w/w, about 1.6% w/w, about 1.8% w/w, about 2.0% w/w, or about 3% w/w. 
     The formulations herein may also include an organic acid such as citric acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, adipic acid, succinic acid etc. Citric acid, in particular, may be useful in the formulations herein. 
     Citric acid may be present in the excipient composition as well as in compositions containing an API and the excipient composition in an amount of from about 0.025% w/w, about 0.05% w/w, about 0.1% w/w up to about 0.15% w/w, about 0.175% w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.225 w/w or about 0.25 w/w and, in particular, in an amount of about 0.025% w/w, about 0.05% w/w, about 0.0755% w/w, about 0.1% w/w, about 0.125% w/w, about 0.15 w/w, about 0.175 w/w, about 0.2% w/w, about 0.225 w/w or about 0.25% w/w. Other acidulants may be included in the present formulation in the same amounts, such as malic acid, formic acid, and the like. Those of skill in the art will recognize other acidulants useful in the present formulation. 
     The formulations herein may be processed by dry blending, roller compaction, wet granulation, spheronization and filled into foil/stick packs/sachets/pouches, compressed into chewable/swallowable/quick dissolving tablets and filled into capsules. 
     EXAMPLES 
     Aspects of the present teachings may be further understood in light of the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present teachings in any way. Unless otherwise indicated, the amount of formulation tested was 1.33 g or 2.66 g, which will be identified in the context of the examples below. 
     Example 1 
     This example evaluated a prototype formula with Isomalt to ascertain preliminary information on mouth feel, flavor intensity, and sweetness. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 500.0 
                 100.0 
                 100 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1B 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI Group 
                 7050-3921 
                 20.000 
                 100.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 79.800 
                 399.000 
                 39.900 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 0.100 
                 0.500 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60- 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.100 
                 0.500 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 70 (guar 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 500.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen and Isomalt through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. ½ Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. ½ Isomalt   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     There was no bitter taste in mouth with a little to moderate burn in the throat. Flavor intensity was not enough. 
     Example 2 
     This example evaluated a formula with Xylitol to lessen throat burning, increase flavor, and increase sweetness. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 500.0 
                 100.0 
                 100 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2B 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI Group 
                 7050-3921 
                 20.000 
                 100.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 78.900 
                 394.500 
                 39.450 
                 0.039 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 1.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60- 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.100 
                 0.500 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 70 (guar 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 500.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. ½ Xylitol   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. ½ Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     There was some bitterness in mouth and some burning. Flavor intensity needs to be improved. Sweetness level seemed acceptable. Body may be improved by increasing gum level. 
     Example 3 
     This example evaluated a formulation with Xylitol to lessen throat burning and with increased flavor and sweetness components. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3B 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 43.875 
                 438.750 
                 21.938 
                 0.022 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 43.875 
                 438.750 
                 21.938 
                 0.022 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 2.000 
                 20.000 
                 1.000 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     There was very little burning after formulation was completely wetted in the mouth. Sweetness was acceptable. Flavor needs to be more intense. Mouthfeel was acceptable. 
     When taken wet with 5 g of filtered water, flavor and sweetness was comparable to dry intake with very low level of burning. 
     This Formula went into solution easily except that the ibuprofen seemed to agglomerate and form a film at the top. The formulation needs a natural surfactant so that the ibuprofen will disperse uniformly into the water. 
     Example 4 
     This example evaluated a formulation with a 3:1 ratio of Isomalt to Xylitol and with increased flavor concentration. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.313 
                 643.130 
                 32.157 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.437 
                 214.370 
                 10.719 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 4.000 
                 40.000 
                 2.000 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     Sweetness was acceptable, however it might be desirable to add more sweetener. There was no bitter taste and virtually no burning. Flavor intensity was improved. Mouthfeel was acceptable. 
     Example 5 
     This example evaluated the replacement of Virginia Dare (VD) Cherry with Gold Coast (GC) Organic Cherry at the same concentration. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.313 
                 643.130 
                 32.157 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.437 
                 214.370 
                 10.719 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 4.000 
                 40.000 
                 2.000 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #650818 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     There was no bitter taste or burning. Cherry flavor is a juicy bright flavor that is very good. Mouthfeel was acceptable and sufficiently sweet. 
     When taken wet with 5 ml of water, a significant portion of undissolved powder filmed and agglomerated on top of the water surface. Sweetness and flavor intensity was similar to that when taken dry and burning was too apparent. 
     Example 6 
     This example compares Strawberry and Raspberry Flavors from VD and GC at the same concentration as Cherry flavoring. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.313 
                 643.130 
                 32.157 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.437 
                 214.370 
                 10.719 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-006-1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 4.000 
                 40.000 
                 2.000 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-006-2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-006-3 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #311904 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-006-4 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #325361 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60- 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 70 (guar 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     IBU-006-1: Taste was pleasant and not bitter and with very little burning after rinsing mouth with water. 
     IBU-006-2: Flavor did not taste mask as well as formulation IBU-006-1. Bitterness and burning were apparent. The powder blend had a pink color due to flavoring. 
     IBU-006-3: Flavor was very pleasant with no bitterness or burning. 
     IBU-006-4: Flavor was Intense with no bitterness or burning. 
     Example 7 
     This example compared VD Cherry-Strawberry to GC Cherry-Strawberry combinations at the same ratio and total concentrations. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.313 
                 643.130 
                 32.157 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.437 
                 214.370 
                 10.719 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-007-1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 2.000 
                 20.000 
                 1.000 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 2.000 
                 20.000 
                 1.000 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-007-1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 2.000 
                 20.000 
                 1.000 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #650818 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 2.000 
                 20.000 
                 1.000 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #311904 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes       

     Results: 
     IBU-007-1: With 1 g sample, flavor combination was pleasant with no bitterness and minor burning after completely wetted in the mouth. Strawberry flavor was dominant. 
     IBU-007-2: With 1 g sample, flavor combination was very good with no burning or bitterness after completely wetted in the mouth. Strawberry flavor was dominant. With larger amount of 2 g, the cherry and strawberry flavors could be detected with no bitterness or burning after complete wetted in the mouth by swishing the suspension around in the mouth. 
     Example 8 
     This example compared VD Cherry-Strawberry-Raspberry flavorings to GC Cherry-Strawberry-Raspberry flavorings. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.313 
                 643.130 
                 32.157 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.437 
                 214.370 
                 10.719 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-008-1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 1.340 
                 13.400 
                 0.670 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-008-2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.340 
                 13.400 
                 0.670 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #650818 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #311904 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #325361 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60- 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 70 (guar 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic bag in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. flavor   d. Guar gum   e. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the bag at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     IBU-008-1: With 2 g sample, flavor was very pleasant with good balance, spicy after notes, no bitterness and little burning in throat. 
     IBU-008-2: With 2 g sample, flavor was very pleasant with strawberry dominance, no bitterness and some irritation in throat. 
     Example 9 
     This example evaluated Sunflower Lecithin to aid in dispersion of Ibuprofen in suspension form. Also evaluated were a reduced amount of strawberry flavoring. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.373 
                 643.730 
                 32.187 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.457 
                 214.570 
                 10.729 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-009-1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79317 
                 1.340 
                 13.400 
                 0.670 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CX91 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #32839 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 IBU-009-2 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.340 
                 13.400 
                 0.670 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #400938 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.330 
                 13.300 
                 0.665 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #325361 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70  
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     IBU-009-2: With 2 g dry sample, there was good flavor balance with very little drug bitterness or burning. 
     With 2 g sample in 1 tsp. water, flavor was good with no drug bitterness or burning. Suspension was white, cloudy and uniform. 
     With 2 g in 2 tsp. water flavor was lighter with adequate sweetness. Suspension was white cloudy, and uniform. 
     Example 10 
     This example evaluated a formulation containing GC Cherry with VD Strawberry and Raspberry. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 64.126 
                 641.260 
                 32.063 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.374 
                 213.740 
                 10.687 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #100 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2 g dry sample, there was excellent balance of flavor with no bitterness and very low irritation and burning. 
     With 2 g in 1 tsp. water, the suspension was light pink color and cloudy with a few dark specs coming from raspberry. These dissolved with a little more shaking. Flavor was good with little throat irritation. 
     With 2 g dry sample swallowed, flavor was excellent with no bitterness and low to moderate throat irritation which went away in a few minutes. 
     Example 11 
     This example evaluated a blend with 5% Ibuprofen to reduce or eliminate throat irritation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 2,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 25 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 5.000 
                 100.000 
                 2.500 
                 0.003 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.876 
                 1357.520 
                 33.938 
                 0.034 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 22.624 
                 452.480 
                 11.312 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                 30.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 20.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                 30.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 5.000 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 5.000 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 2000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #100 screen. (lecithin was difficult to screen through #100).   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 4 g dry sample taste was excellent with no bitterness and virtually no throat irritation. The amount of powder in the mouth was too much. 
     With 4 g sample in 1 tsp. water, swallowed, the suspension was light pink and cloudy with excellent dispersion and good flavor, good mouthfeel, no bitterness and virtually no irritation. 
     Example 12 
     This example evaluated a blend with peppermint at 0.25% to reduce or eliminate throat irritation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 63.938 
                 639.380 
                 31.969 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.312 
                 213.120 
                 10.656 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Peppermint 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #315160 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2 g dry sample swallowed, there was not enough peppermint which could hardly be detectable and no bitterness, but too much throat burn. 
     Example 13 
     This example evaluated a blend with Peppermint at 1% to reduce or eliminate throat irritation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 50 
                 50 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 63.375 
                 633.750 
                 31.688 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 21.125 
                 211.250 
                 10.563 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Peppermint 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #315160 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.125 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.000 
                 50.000 
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2 g dry sample swallowed, the cool mint and fruit flavor of the combination was excellent with no bitterness and little throat irritation. 
     Example 14 
     This example evaluated a blend with 7.5% concentration of Ibuprofen to reduce or eliminate throat irritation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.667 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                 100.000 
                 3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 66.000 
                 880.000 
                 33.440 
                 0.033 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 22.000 
                 293.333 
                 11.147 
                 0.011 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                 20.000 
                 0.760 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                 13.333 
                 0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                 20.000 
                 0.760 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 3.333 
                 0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.250 
                 3.333 
                 0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1333.333 
                 50.667 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallowed, flavor was excellent with no bitterness and very little throat burning. 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water, flavor was excellent with no bitterness and no throat burning. 
     Example 15 
     This example evaluated an agglomeration blending approach for Ibuprofen and Lecithin with 50:50 ratio of Ibuprofen to Lecithin. 
     Ibuprofen/Lecithin Agglomeration/Coating/Granulation formulation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 Batch 
                 Total 
                 % Lecithin 
                 Total 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Weight 
                 Coating 
                 in 
                 H 2 O 
               
               
                   
                 % Solids in H 2 O 
                 (g) 
                 (g) 
                 H 2 O 
                 (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 82.9 
                 11.000 
                 13.269 
                 70.8 
                 2.269 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Lot 
                 % in 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Number 
                 Granulation 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI 
                 7050- 
                 50.000 
                 5.500 
                 0.006 
               
               
                 USP 
                 group 
                 3921 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 50.000 
                 5.500 
                 0.006 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000 
                 11.000 
                 0.011 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following process was used.
         1. Screen lecithin through #40 screen.   2. Screen Ibuprofen through #20 screen.   3. Blend lecithin and ibuprofen for 3 minutes.   4. Weigh water in Suitable container. Add incrementally with stirring until an agglomeration is achieved.   5. Dry at room temperature until thoroughly dry.   6. Screen granulation through a #20 screen.       

     Results: 
     The agglomeration was too elastic too screen into powder. 
     Example 16 
     This example evaluated an agglomeration blending approach for ibuprofen and lecithin with 90:10 ratio of ibuprofen to lecithin. 
     Ibuprofen/Lecithin Agglomeration/Coating/Granulation formulation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 Batch 
                 Total 
                 % Lecithin 
                 Total 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Weight 
                 Coating 
                 in 
                 H 2 O 
               
               
                   
                 % Solids in H 2 O 
                 (g) 
                 (g) 
                 H 2 O 
                 (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 82.7 
                 6.112 
                 7.391 
                 32.3 
                 1.279 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Lot 
                 % in 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Number 
                 Granulation 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 90.000 
                 5.501 
                 0.006 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 10.000 
                 0.611 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000 
                 6.112 
                 0.006 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following process was used.
         1. Screen lecithin through #40 screen.   2. Screen Ibuprofen through #20 screen.   3. Blend lecithin and ibuprofen for 3 minutes.   4. Weigh water in Suitable container. Add incrementally with stirring until an agglomeration is achieved.   5. Dry at room temperature until thoroughly dry.   6. Screen granulation through a #20 screen.       

     Powder fill formulation 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16c 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,000.0 
                 100.0 
                 45 
                 45 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16d 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Granulation 
                 % in 
                 mg in 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 in Blend 
                 Blend 
                 blend 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 Agglomeration-Coating-Granulation 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI 
                 7050-3921 
                 11.111 
                 10.000 
                 100.000 
                 4.500 
                 0.005 
               
               
                 USP 
                 group 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                   
                 1.111 
                 11.111 
                 0.500 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 111.111 
                 5.000 
                 0.005 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 Powder Blend 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 — 
                 63.480 
                 634.800 
                 28.566 
                 0.029 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 — 
                 21.159 
                 211.590 
                 9.522 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 — 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.675 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 — 
                 1.000 
                 10.000 
                 0.450 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 — 
                 1.500 
                 15.000 
                 0.675 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 — 
                 0.250 
                 2.500 
                 0.113 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1000.001 
                 45.000 
                 0.045 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend Process was as follows.
         1. Screen Isomalt and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavors through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen-lecithin granulation   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     Blend did not appear uniform. It was screened through a #40 mesh and re-blended for 3 minutes. 
     With 2 g dry sample, swallowed, there was no bitter, but there was considerable burning on tongue. There was no throat irritation. 
     Example 17 
     This example evaluated a blend of 7.5% Ibuprofen with Lecithin at 0.5%. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                   
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 Batch (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                 100.000 
                 3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 USP 
                 group 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.550 
                 900.644 
                 34.224 
                 0.034 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800 
                 263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.836 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.100 
                 14.666 
                 0.557 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.836 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 3.333 
                 0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 0.500 
                 6.667 
                 0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample swallowed, the flavor was intense and sweetness good with no bitterness and very little throat irritation which went away in about 3 minutes. 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water, sample dispersed easily to yield a pink cloudy dispersion. The flavor was intense with good sweetness with no bitterness and virtually no throat irritation. 
     Example 18 
     This example evaluated an agglomeration blending approach for Ibuprofen and Lecithin with 90:10 ratio of Ibuprofen to Lecithin. 
     Ibuprofen/Lecithin Agglomeration/Coating/Granulation formulation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18a 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
                 Batch 
                   
                 % 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Weight 
                 Total 
                 Lecithin 
                 Total 
               
               
                   
                 % Solids in H 2 O 
                 (g) 
                 Coating (g) 
                 in H 2 O 
                 H 2 O (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 100.0 
                 7.000 
                 7.000 
                 100.0 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Lot 
                 % in 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Number 
                 Granulation 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI 
                 7050- 
                 80.000 
                 5.600 
                 0.006 
               
               
                 USP 
                 group 
                 3921 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 20.000 
                 1.400 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000 
                 7.000 
                 0.007 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following process was used.
         1. Screen lecithin through #40 screen.   2. Screen Ibuprofen through #20 screen.   3. Blend lecithin and ibuprofen for 3 minutes.   4. Weigh water in Suitable container. Add incrementally with stirring until an agglomeration is achieved.   5. Dry at room temperature until thoroughly dry.   6. Screen granulation through a #40 screen.       

     Results. 
     Agglomeration tastes very bitter. so that blend with additional components was not made. 
     Example 19 
     This example evaluated an agglomeration blending approach for Ibuprofen and Lecithin with 50:50 ratio of Ibuprofen to Lecithin using a low quantity of water. 
     Ibuprofen/Lecithin Agglomeration/Coating/Granulation formulation. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Batch 
                 Total 
                 % 
                 Total 
               
               
                 % Solids 
                 Weight 
                 Coating 
                 Lecithin in 
                 H 2 O 
               
               
                 in H 2 O 
                 (g) 
                 (g) 
                 H 2 O 
                 (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 100.00 
                 14.000 
                 14.000 
                 100.0 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Lot 
                 % in 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Number 
                 Granulation 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen,  
                 SI 
                 7050- 
                 50.000 
                  7.000 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 USP 
                 group 
                 3921 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 Now 
                 None on 
                 50.000 
                  7.000 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                 container 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000  
                 14.000 
                 0.014 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following process was used.
         1. Screen lecithin through #40 screen.   2. Screen Ibuprofen through #20 screen.   3. Blend lecithin and ibuprofen for 3 minutes.   4. Weigh water in Suitable container. Add incrementally with stirring until an agglomeration is achieved (0.471 g H 2 O).   5. Dry at room temperature until thoroughly dry.   6. Screen granulation.       

     Results: 
     400 mg agglomeration was swallowed dry with some bitterness and a little throat irritation detected. 
     Granules were too soft and no further blending was done. 
     Example 20 
     This example evaluated 7.5% formulation with Citric Acid at 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.125%. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20a 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Bulk Blend. (IBU-20) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill  
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20b 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Bulk Blend. (IBU-20). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                 100.000 
                 3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.550 
                 900.644 
                 34.224 
                 0.034 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800 
                 263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.836 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.100 
                 14.666 
                 0.557 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.836 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 3.333 
                 0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                 6.667 
                 0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 20 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following process was used.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. flavor   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20c 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 0.5% (IBU-20-1). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill  
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 7.5 
                 10.000 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20d 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 0.5% (IBU-20-1). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                 100.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 USP 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.050 
                 893.978 
                 6.705 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800 
                 263.993 
                 1.980 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Cherry 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #652865 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.100 
                 14.666 
                 0.110 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.650 
                 21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Natural 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 (guar 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                 3.333 
                 0.025 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                 6.667 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 20 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.500 
                 6.667 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1333.303 
                 10.000 
                 0.010 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20e 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.25% (IBU-20-2). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 7.5 
                 10.000 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20f 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.25% (IBU-20-2) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.300  
                  897.311 
                 6.730 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 1.980 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.650 
                  21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.100 
                  14.666 
                 0.110 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.650 
                  21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                 0.025 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                 0.025 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 10.000  
                 0.010 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20g 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125% (IBU-20-3). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 7.5 
                 10.000 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20h 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125%(IBU-20-3). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                 0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.425  
                  898.978 
                 6.742 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 1.980 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.650 
                  21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.100 
                  14.666 
                 0.110 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.650 
                  21.999 
                 0.165 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70  
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                 0.025 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                 0.050 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                 0.012 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 10.000 
                 0.010 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blending process was as follows.
         1. Weigh a 10 g portion of the bulk blend.   2. Screen Citric Acid through a #40 screen.   3. Blend citric acid with the bulk blend for 1 minute.       

     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20i 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125% and increased flavorings (IBU-20-4). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,356.2 
                 100.0 
                 7.5 
                 10.172 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20j 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125% and increased flavorings (IBU-20-4). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.374 
                  100.000 
                  0.750 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 65.951  
                  894.427 
                  6.708 
                 0.007 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  268.528 
                  2.014 
                 0.002 
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 2.000 
                  27.124 
                  0.203 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 2.000 
                  27.124 
                  0.203 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 2.000 
                  27.124 
                  0.203 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.391 
                  0.025 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.781 
                  0.051 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.695 
                  0.013 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1356.194 
                 10.171 
                 0.010 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The Blend process was as follows.
         1. Weigh a 10 g portion of the bulk blend.   2. Screen flavors through a #40 and add the difference.
           Cherry: 0.035   Strawberry: 0.09   Raspberry: 0.035   
           3. Screen Citric Acid through a #40 screen.   4. Blend Flavors and Citric Acid for 1 minute.   TOTAL Weight=10.172 g       

     Results: 
     Citric Acid from 0.5-0.25% was too sour. 
     Citric Acid at 0.125% (IBU-020-3) lessens the sour flavor but does bring out the fruit complex. 
     IBU-20-4: 
     With 2.712 g dry sample, flavor was very intense with a little spice note. Sample was not sour, but brought out a little bit of tartness. Although not swallowed; there was a little bit of throat irritation. 
     With 2.712 g sample in 1 tsp water, swallowed, flavor and sweetness were excellent with no bitterness or throat irritation. 
     Example 21 
     This example repeats the IBU-020-4 formulation in Example 29 at a 50 g batch weight. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 21a 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125% 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 21b 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid at 0.125%, 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 65.825  
                  877.645 
                 33.350 
                 0.033 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 (Xivia 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 2.000 
                  26.666 
                  1.013 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 2.000 
                  26.666 
                  1.013 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 2.000 
                  26.666 
                  1.013 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70  
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallow flavor and sweetness were excellent with no bitterness and very little throat irritation. 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water, swallowed, flavor and sweetness were excellent with no bitterness and no throat irritation. 
     Example 22 
     This example evaluated the formula in example 21, but with a 25% reduction in flavor components. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 22a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 22b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 67.325  
                  897.644 
                 34.110 
                 0.034 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.500 
                  20.000 
                  0.760 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.500 
                  20.000 
                  0.760 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.500 
                  20.000 
                  0.760 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend Process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallowed, flavor intensity and sweetness were good with light spicy flavor, no bitterness and little throat irritation. 
     With 2.666 g sample 1 tsp. water, flavor intensity and sweetness were good with no bitterness and no throat irritation. 
     Example 23 
     This example evaluated a formulation with reduced flavor components (33% reduction compared to example 22). 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 23a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill  
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 23b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 68.825  
                  917.644 
                 34.870 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Organic Cherry 
                 Gold 
                 12/2/2016 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Flavor #652865 
                 Coast 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000 
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallowed, flavor intensity and sweetness were good with no bitterness and little throat irritation 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water, flavor intensity and sweetness were good with no bitterness and no throat irritation. 
     Example 24 
     This example evaluated a formulation with a change in Cherry flavoring supplier from GC to VC. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 24a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill  
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch  
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 25b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 68.825  
                  917.644 
                 34.870 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79579 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34327 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #26507 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample swallowed, flavor and sweetness were excellent with no bitterness and very little throat irritation. 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water, flavor and sweetness were excellent with no bitterness and no throat irritation. Overall the VD Cherry flavor is equal or superior to the GC cherry. 
     Example 25 
     This example evaluated a change from VD raspberry (color) to VD raspberry (colorless). Otherwise all conditions were the same as in example 24. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 25a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 25b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 68.825  
                  917.644 
                 34.870 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79579 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34327 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79313 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #20625 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 TOTAL 
                   
                   
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, the raspberry flavor was too strong with a volatile essence. 
     Example 26 
     This example evaluated a formulation with VD Raspberry (colorless) in an amount (0.5%). 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 26a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 26b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 69.325  
                  924.310 
                 35.124 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen 
                 IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79579 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34327 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79577 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #20625 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallowed, flavor was much improved with the raspberry much less overwhelming over the other flavors compared to example 25 and with a little bit of volatile essence through the nose. 
     Example 27 
     This example evaluated a formulation with VD Raspberry (colorless) in an amount (0.25%). 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 27a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 27b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 69.575  
                  927.643 
                 35.250 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79579 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34327 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79577 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #20625 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample, swallowed, raspberry flavor was a little too intense with spice note and no volatile essence or bitterness and little throat irritation. 
     Example 28 
     This example evaluated a formulation with VD Raspberry (colorless) in an amount of 0.1%. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 28a 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                 Blend Fill 
                   
                 Batch 
                 Batch 
               
               
                   
                 Weight (mg) 
                 API (mg) 
                 (units) 
                 Weight (g) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 1,333.3 
                 100.0 
                 38.0 
                 50.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 28b 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 % 
                 mg/blend 
                 g/batch 
                 kg/batch 
               
               
                 Ingredient 
                 Vendor 
                 Lot Number 
                 Concentration 
                 fill 
                 size 
                 size 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Ibuprofen, USP 
                 SI group 
                 7050-3921 
                 7.500 
                  100.000 
                  3.800 
                 0.004 
               
               
                 Isomalt 
                 Beneo 
                 L1216907U2 
                 69.725  
                  929.643 
                 35.326 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 (Galen IQ) 
                 GMBH 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Xylitol (Xivia 
                 Dupont 
                 1942791649 
                 19.800  
                  263.993 
                 10.032 
                 0.010 
               
               
                 CM170) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79579 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Cherry Flavor 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 #34327 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79315 
                 1.000 
                  13.333 
                  0.507 
                 0.001 
               
               
                 Strawberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #34775 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 All Natural 
                 Virginia 
                 S79577 
                 0.100 
                   1.333 
                  0.051 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Raspberry 
                 Dare 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Flavor #20625 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Edicol 60-70 
                 Lucid 
                 152/2016 
                 0.250 
                   3.333 
                  0.127 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 (guar gum) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lipoid H 20 
                 Lipoid 
                 536900- 
                 0.500 
                   6.667 
                  0.253 
                 0.000 
               
               
                 Sunflower 
                 GMBH 
                 2160013 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Lecithin 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Citric Acid 
                 Anthony&#39;s 
                 5/16/2019 
                 0.125 
                   1.667 
                  0.063 
                 0.000 
               
               
                   
                 Almonds 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 TOTAL 
                 100.000  
                 1333.303 
                 50.665 
                 0.051 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The blend process was as follows.
         1. Screen Ibuprofen, Isomalt, and Xylitol through a #20 screen.   2. Screen flavor and citric acid through a #40 and lecithin through a #40 screen.   3. Add the following into a plastic cup in the following order:
           a. Isomalt   b. Ibuprofen   c. Lecithin   d. Flavors   e. Citric acid   e. Guar gum   f. Xylitol   
           4. Blend by rotating the plastic cup at a consistent pace for 3 minutes.       

     Results: 
     With 2.666 g dry sample swallowed, flavor intensity was at the right level, but Raspberry was still dominating other flavors with no bitterness and little throat irritation 
     With 2.666 g sample in 1 tsp. water and no swallowing, flavor intensity was good. 
     Example 29 
     This example evaluated an ibuprofen powder blend compacted into a tablet. This is from the same formula as example 28 with the addition of 1% Magnesium Stearate added as a lubricant. The target weight of 1.333 g of powder contains a target dose of 100 mg of ibuprofen. Tablets were compressed on a rotary tablet press. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29a 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Avg. Applied 
                 Tablet Weight (g) 
                 Statistics 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Force (kN) 
                 No. 1 
                 No. 2 
                 No. 3 
                 No. 4 
                 No.5 
                 No. 6 
                 Avg. 
                 % RSD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 3.68 
                 1.336 
                 1.340 
                 1.338 
                 1.33  
                 1.325 
                 1.327 
                 1.333 
                 0.4 
               
               
                 4.64 
                 1.325 
                 1.321 
                 1.33  
                 1.322 
                 1.338 
                 1.337 
                 1.329 
                 0.5 
               
               
                 5.50 
                 1.322 
                 1.329 
                 1.331 
                 1.333 
                 1.338 
                 1.328 
                 1.330 
                 0.4 
               
               
                 7.00 
                 1.335 
                 1.329 
                 1.338 
                 1.332 
                 1.331 
                 1.325 
                 1.332 
                 0.3 
               
               
                 8.16 
                 1.338 
                 1.341 
                 1.336 
                 1.337 
                 1.342 
                 1.344 
                 1.340 
                 0.2 
               
               
                 9.24 
                 1.344 
                 1.358 
                 1.355 
                 1.346 
                 1.348 
                 1.344 
                 1.349 
                 0.4 
               
               
                 11.18 
                 1.364 
                 1.360 
                 1.364 
                 1.350 
                 1.348 
                 1.370 
                 1.359 
                 0.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29b 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Avg. Applied 
                 Tablet Thickness (mm) 
                 Statistics 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Force (kN) 
                 No. 1 
                 No. 2 
                 No. 3 
                 No. 4 
                 No.5 
                 No. 6 
                 Avg. 
                 % RSD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 3.68 
                 5.72 
                 5.68 
                 5.67 
                 5.65 
                 5.62 
                 5.59 
                 5.66 
                 0.7 
               
               
                 4.64 
                 5.48 
                 5.47 
                 5.48 
                 5.49 
                 5.48 
                 5.47 
                 5.48 
                 0.1 
               
               
                 5.50 
                 5.34 
                 5.44 
                 5.40 
                 5.35 
                 5.35 
                 5.36 
                 5.37 
                 0.7 
               
               
                 7.00 
                 5.23 
                 5.15 
                 5.16 
                 5.17 
                 5.23 
                 5.23 
                 5.20 
                 0.7 
               
               
                 8.16 
                 5.12 
                 5.07 
                 5.08 
                 5.08 
                 5.09 
                 5.08 
                 5.09 
                 0.3 
               
               
                 9.24 
                 4.98 
                 5.02 
                 4.98 
                 4.96 
                 4.94 
                 4.91 
                 4.97 
                 0.7 
               
               
                 11.18 
                 4.86 
                 4.84 
                 4.85 
                 4.87 
                 4.86 
                 4.90 
                 4.86 
                 0.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29c 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Avg. Applied 
                 Diametrical Breaking Force (N) 
                 Statistics 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Force (kN) 
                 No. 1 
                 No. 2 
                 No. 3 
                 No. 4 
                 No. 5 
                 No. 6 
                 Avg. 
                 % RSD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 3.68 
                 11 
                 16 
                 14 
                 14 
                 15 
                 16 
                 14 
                 11.9  
               
               
                 4.64 
                 18 
                 16 
                 19 
                 17 
                 18 
                 17 
                 18 
                 5.5 
               
               
                 5.50 
                 19 
                 22 
                 24 
                 21 
                 20 
                 25 
                 22 
                 9.7 
               
               
                 7.00 
                 30 
                 31 
                 31 
                 27 
                 30 
                 30 
                 30 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 8.16 
                 35 
                 39 
                 38 
                 36 
                 34 
                 38 
                 37 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 9.24 
                 44 
                 34 
                 44 
                 43 
                 43 
                 45 
                 42 
                 8.8 
               
               
                 11.18 
                 51 
                 51 
                 52 
                 48 
                 48 
                 51 
                 50 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29d 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Avg. Applied 
                 Diametrical Breaking Force (kp) 
                 Statistics 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Force (kN) 
                 No. 1 
                 No. 2 
                 No. 3 
                 No. 4 
                 No. 5 
                 No. 6 
                 Avg. 
                 %RSD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 3.68 
                 1.1 
                 1.6 
                 1.4 
                 1.4 
                 1.5 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 11.9 
               
               
                 4.64 
                 1.8 
                 1.6 
                 1.9 
                 1.7 
                 1.8 
                 1.7 
                 1.8 
                 5.5 
               
               
                 5.50 
                 1.9 
                 2.2 
                 2.4 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 2.5 
                 2.2 
                 9.7 
               
               
                 7.00 
                 3.1 
                 3.2 
                 3.2 
                 2.8 
                 3.1 
                 3.1 
                 3.0 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 8.16 
                 3.6 
                 4.0 
                 3.9 
                 3.7 
                 3.5 
                 3.9 
                 3.7 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 9.24 
                 4.5 
                 3.5 
                 4.5 
                 4.4 
                 4.4 
                 4.6 
                 4.3 
                 8.8 
               
               
                 11.18 
                 5.2 
                 5.2 
                 5.3 
                 4.9 
                 4.9 
                 5.2 
                 5.1 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The Ibuprofen powder blend was compacted using the following tablet tooling: 18 mm round, flat-face tooling according to Table 29A. The resultant thicknesses of the compacted tablets are provided in Table 29B, and the diametrical breaking forces of the resultant tablets are provided in Tables 29C and 29D. 
     The data demonstrates that chewable, swallowable and/or orally disintegrating tablets can be produced with good weight control, acceptable thickness and breaking force. 
     This formula with the magnesium stearate is functional for the dry powder dosage form, suspension dosage form and the chewable tablet. Those of skill in the art will recognize the other lubricants including but not limited to stearic acid, calcium stearate, sodium stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate (PRUV®), talc, and hydrogenated soybean oil (STEROTEX®) can be used in the formula. 
     Other Embodiments 
     The detailed description set-forth above is provided to aid those skilled in the art in practicing the present invention. However, the invention described and claimed herein is not to be limited in scope by the specific embodiments herein disclosed because these embodiments are intended as illustration of several aspects of the invention. Any equivalent embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this invention. Indeed, various modifications of the invention in addition to those shown and described herein will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description which do not depart from the spirit or scope of the present inventive discovery. Such modifications are also intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims. 
     REFERENCES CITED 
     All publications, patents, patent applications and other references cited in this application are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for all purposes to the same extent as if each individual publication, patent, patent application or other reference was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Citation of a reference herein shall not be construed as an admission that such is prior art to the present invention. 
     Publications incorporated herein by reference in their entirety include:
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http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/pdf/s4883e/s4883e.pdf.
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