Patent Publication Number: US-2016247503-A1

Title: Speech recognition method and system with simultaneous text editing

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a 371 National Stage Application of PCT/EP2014/072528, filed Oct. 21, 2014. This application claims the benefit of European Application No. 13189734.0, filed Oct. 22, 2013, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention generally relates to a method and system for transforming speech, i.e. dictated words, into written text. Tools used in such method or system are generally known as dictation tools. The invention in particular concerns a more user-friendly method and system that allows editing of the text while converting speech into text. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Dictation tools that convert speech or dictated words into written text are used in a wide variety of applications. One example is the creation of medical reports. The authors of such reports, e.g. radiologists, cardiologists, technologists, etc., use speech recognition to fill out certain fields in a medical report with predefined format and text. The user dictates the words, these words are recognized by a voice recognition engine and transformed into text that is inserted in the selected field. 
     Existing dictation tools typically have a recording mode wherein speech is recorded and transformed into text, and an editing mode wherein the written text can be edited. If a user desires to manipulate text, e.g. select a portion of text, delete words, over-dictate a group of words in a sentence, etc., the recording mode must be stopped, the editing mode must be started, the text manipulations must be executed in the editing mode, and the recording mode must be re-started once the text editing is done. The recording button that allows to restart the recording mode must be clicked a lot, in particular when multiple text manipulations are needed, as a result of which existing dictation tools are perceived as non-user-friendly. 
     European patent application EP 2 261 893 recognizes in paragraph [0003] that the modal behaviour of existing dictation systems is ineffective since correction of a word requires too many actions or clicks from the user. EP 2 261 893 consequently describes a system for converting audio into text with a recording mode, called dictation mode, wherein speech is queued, a synchronous reproduction mode wherein text is displayed while the speech is played back enabling the user to review the text, and an editing mode wherein the user can correct words in the text. In EP 2 261 893, the modal behaviour of the system is improved by enabling editing the text during the synchronous reproduction mode. The user however still has to interrupt the dictation mode each time a text manipulation is desired. This slows down report creation. 
     It is an objective of the present invention to disclose a method and system for generating written text from inputted speech that resolves the shortcomings of prior art solutions identified here above. More particularly, it is an objective to define a method and system that increases user-friendliness and substantially speeds up report creation through voice recognition. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above defined objective is realized by the method for generating and editing text from audio comprising:
         queuing speech from a user in an audio queue;   transforming the speech stored in the audio queue into text through speech recognition;   displaying the text to the user;   queuing a text editing event in the audio queue;   instantly displaying to the user changes resulting from the text editing event;   halting the speech recognition when all speech queued prior to the text editing event in the audio queue is transformed;   processing the text editing event and editing the text while queuing additional speech from the user in the audio queue; and   resuming the speech recognition when the text editing event has been processed.       

     Thus, a preferred embodiment of the invention enables the user to edit the text while he/she is in speech recording mode. While recording additional speech in the audio queue, the user can re-position the cursor in the text displayed, select portions of the displayed text, delete portions of the displayed text, over-dictate selected text portions, etc. Speech will continuously be recorded in the audio queue while text manipulations resulting from editing events are made visible instantly in the displayed text. In case of re-positioning of the cursor for instance, the cursor is already visually moved to the new position in the displayed text while dictated speech that is still being converted into text, is added to the previous position. As soon as all speech dictated and recorded prior to the text editing event is converted into written text that is displayed, the queued text editing event is processed. As a result thereof, the speech recognition engine will be informed on the changes in the text resulting from the text editing event. Additional speech that is dictated while the text editing event is processed, is in the meantime recorded in the audio queue. Speech recognition is halted as long as the text editing event is being processed and resumed again automatically as soon as the text editing event has been processed. 
     The method according to the invention significantly enhances the user-friendliness of dictation tools since the user no longer has to switch between recording mode and editing mode. Excessive button clicks or other manual mode switch instructions are thus avoided. The user starts recording once and stops recording once. In between, button clicks, keystrokes, mouse clicks or screen touches are only required for text manipulations, not to switch modes. Since the user can edit or correct his report while dictating additional words, the present invention also significantly speeds up report creation. 
     According to an optional aspect of the method according to the present invention, the text editing event comprises a voice command. 
     Indeed, the text editing events may be entered through button clicks, keystrokes, mouse clicks, screen touches or through the use of other peripheral devices. Alternatively however, a text editing event may be inputted through voice commands in between the dictated words that are converted to text. When such voice command is recognized by the speech recognition engine, the voice command is queued into the audio queue whereas the changes resulting from the voice command are instantly displayed. As soon as all speech recorded in the audio queue prior to the voice command is transformed into displayed text, the voice command is processed and the speech recognition engine is informed of the changes resulting from the voice command. During the processing of the voice command, speech recognition is halted. 
     In accordance with a further optional aspect of the method according to the present invention, the text editing event comprises one or more of:
         a navigation instruction in the text;   a select and edit instruction for a part of the text;   a select and format instruction for part of the text;   a select and delete instruction for part of the text;   a select instruction for a field value from a drop-down list;   an instruction to insert a predefined text portion into the text; and   a deselect instruction for part of the text that has been selected.       

     In addition to a method as defined above, the present invention also relates to a corresponding system for generating and editing text from audio input, the system comprising:
         an audio queue configured to store speech from a user;   a speech recognition engine configured to transform the speech stored in the audio queue into text;   a user view engine and display for displaying the text to the user; and   an event processor for processing a text editing event inputted by the user, wherein   the audio queue is adapted to queue the text editing event;   the user view engine and display are adapted to instantly display to the user changes resulting from the text editing event;   the event processor is adapted to halt speech recognition by the speech recognition engine when all speech queued prior to the text editing event in the audio queue is transformed;   the event processor is further configured to process the text editing event and edit the text while additional speech from the user is stored in the audio queue; and   the event processor is adapted to resume speech recognition by the speech recognition engine when the text editing event has been processed.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates the communication flow between speech recognition engine and user view engine in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a functional block scheme of a preferred embodiment of the system for generating and editing text from audio input according to the present invention. 
         FIGS. 3A-3G  illustrate evolution of the user view and speech configuration engine view in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Preferred embodiments of the invention enable the user of a dictation tool to simultaneously record speech and edit displayed text by queuing each user editing action in the text into the audio queue. The changes resulting from an editing action in the text are made instantly visible to the user but the actual processing of the user editing action and altering of the speech recognition engine&#39;s view on the text is done later by queuing the user editing action in the audio queue. Thus, the view of the user, i.e. the text as displayed to the user, and the speech recognition engine view, i.e. the text as known by the speech recognition engine, can differ at a certain point in time. 
       FIG. 1  shows the communication flow between the speech recognition engine  202  and the user view engine  203  in the preferred embodiment  200  of the system according to the present invention shown in  FIG. 2  at a point in time when the user performs a single text editing event while speech recording is ongoing. The subsequent steps are explained in detail in the following paragraphs with interleaved reference to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 . 
     In a first step, it is assumed that the user has activated the recording of speech. This is done for instance by clicking a button in the graphical user interface displayed on display  204 . The user view engine  203  informs the speech recognition engine  202  that recording is started as is indicated by arrow  101  in  FIG. 1 . 
     The user, for instance the report author in case a report is filled out, starts the speech recording mode with one button click. He/she can then dictate words which are immediately converted into written text in a report that is shown on display  204 . 
     In the recording mode, recorded audio is stored in audio queue  201  and transformed into text through automated speech recognition performed by the speech recognition engine  202 . The speech-to-text transformed words are delivered by the speech recognition engine  202  to the user view engine  203  as indicated by arrows  102  and  104  in  FIG. 1 , and the text is processed by the user view engine  203  for presentation to the user on display  204  as is indicated by arrows  103  and  105  in  FIG. 1 . 
     While in speech recording mode, the user can dictate text, but he/she can also perform text editing actions like:
         dictating voice commands;   repositioning the cursor in the displayed report;   selecting or deselecting portions of text in the displayed report;   manually typing text;   applying formatting to selected text portions in the displayed report;   changing the outline of text portions in the displayed report;   deleting text portions in the displayed report;   inserting a predefined text portion in the displayed report;   selecting a value from a drop-down field;   etc.       

     Arrow  106  in  FIG. 1  indicates that the user performs such an action on the text shown in display  204 . The action is detected by the user view engine  203  and reported to the speech recognition engine  202  and/or the audio queue  201 , as indicated by arrow  107  in  FIG. 1 . This triggers the queuing of a text editing event in the audio queue  201 . It is noticed here that although the audio queue  201  and the speech recognition engine  202  are drawn as separate components in  FIG. 2 , they may be integrated in various preferred embodiments of the invention, and at least in the communication flow scheme drawn in  FIG. 1 , are assumed to be integrated. 
     Additional words that were recorded in the audio queue  201  before text editing event  107 , are transformed into text and provided by the speech recognition engine  202  to the user view engine  203  as is indicated by arrow  108  in  FIG. 1 . The text is processed by the user view engine  203  for display, as is indicated by arrow  109  in  FIG. 1 , and presented to the user. Changes that result from the user action  106  however are instantly displayed by the user view engine  203  and thus made visible to the user immediately. 
     In summary, if not all dictated words are converted to text yet when the user repositions the cursor and/or edits selected text portions, the cursor in display  204  is already visually moved to the newly selected position while converted text is still being added to the previous cursor position. When all words queued prior to the text editing event  107  in audio queue  201  are converted, the queued text editing event will be processed by event processor  205  and the changes resulting therefrom are reported to the speech recognition engine  202 . 
     The speech recognition engine  202  requires that the text representation of the report whereto converted text is added doesn&#39;t change during the addition. Hence no text editing actions are allowed on the version of the text viewed by the speech recognition engine  202 . This includes repositioning of the cursor. Consequently, the inputted audio is processed up to the insertion of the text editing event  107 . Thereupon, speech recognition by the speech recognition engine  202  is halted and the text editing event  107  is processed. During the processing of the text editing event  107  by the speech recognition engine  202 , the user can continue to dictate new words. These words will continuously be recorded in the audio queue  201  such that the user has the impression that he/she can simultaneously dictate speech and edit text that has already been speech-to-text transformed. 
     As is indicated by arrow  110 , the audio queue  201  which is assumed to be integrated with the speech recognition engine instructs the event processor  205  to process the text editing event. It is noticed here that the event processor  205 , although drawn as a separate component in  FIG. 2 , may be integrated with the user view engine  203  in various preferred embodiments of the invention, and at least in the communication flow drawn in  FIG. 1  is assumed to be integrated therewith. The text editing event is processed by the event processor  205  as is indicated by arrow  111  in  FIG. 1 . Thereupon, feedback is provided to the speech recognition engine  202 , as indicated by arrow  112  in  FIG. 1 , and speech recognition is resumed by the speech recognition engine  202 . 
     Audio that was recorded in the audio queue  201  while the text editing event was processed or thereafter, is speech-to-text transformed and the recognized words or written text is reported to the user view engine  203 , as is indicated by arrow  113 , to be processed for display, as is indicated by arrow  114 . The changes applied as a result of the text editing event processing can influence the recognition results when recognition is resumed. 
     For a particular example wherein a physiologist completes a report on a radio scan of a patient&#39;s legs,  FIGS. 3A-3G  illustrate evolution of the text version displayed and seen by the user on the left side, i.e.  311 ,  321 ,  331 ,  341 ,  351 ,  361  and  371 , and evolution of the text version seen by the speech recognition engine  202  on the right side, i.e.  312 ,  322 ,  332 ,  342 ,  352 ,  362  and  372 . 
     In  FIG. 3A , the user view  311  and the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  312  on the text are identical. It is assumed that the physician has already entered the word “fracture” in the field “Rx left leg” through speech recognition. The asterisk “*” shows the position of the cursor, which is also identical in the user view  311  and the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  312 . The cursor position is on the fourth line in the report, i.e. in the field “Rx right leg”. 
     It is then assumed that the physician dictates the words “Fracture in the tibia” and clicks on the second line in the report, i.e. below the text “Rx left leg”. At this moment there is a first event queued in the audio queue of the speech recognition engine. The repositioning of the cursor “*” however is made visible instantly in the user view  321  as a result of which the user view  321  and the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  322  differ in  FIG. 3B . 
     In  FIG. 3C , the speech recognition engine recognizes the word “Fracture”. This is processed in the user view  331  but the user keeps seeing the cursor “*” at the location where he/she placed it while the word “Fracture” is added to the old position of the cursor, i.e. the position of the cursor in the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  322 . 
     In  FIG. 3D , the user manually types “No”. This is made visible instantly in the user view  341  while the speech recognition engine&#39;s view remains unaltered. The manual entry by the user however causes a second event to be queued in the audio queue of the speech recognition engine. 
       FIG. 3E  shows that the audio inputted by the physician up to the first event is processed. The speech recognition engine recognizes the additional words “in the tibia”, adds these words to the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  352  at the cursor position, and reports the change to the user view engine to be processed in the user view  351 . 
     Thereafter the first event, i.e. repositioning of the cursor by the physician, is encountered in the audio queue. This event is processed by the event processor which will inform the speech recognition engine that the cursor position has changed. The user view  361  will not change, but the position of the cursor “*” in the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  362  is updated as a result of the event processing. This is shown in  FIG. 3F . 
     At last, as illustrated by  FIG. 3G , the second event in the audio queue is encountered, i.e. the manual entry of the word “No”. Again, the event processor shall process this text editing event and inform the speech recognition engine that “No” is inserted. Whereas the user view  371  will remain unchanged, the speech recognition engine&#39;s view  372  will be adjusted as a result of which both views become identical again in  FIG. 3G . 
       FIGS. 3A-3G  illustrate that a physician making use of the system or method according to the present invention can simultaneously dictate words to be inserted in the “Rx right leg” field of the report and correct the text that has been inserted earlier in the “Rx left leg” field. The physician consequently saves time, and superfluous clicks to transit between recording mode and editing mode are avoided, enhancing the overall user-friendliness for the physician. 
     It is noticed that a method according to the present invention or certain steps thereof shall typically be computer-implemented to run on a data processing system or computing device. A data processing system or computing device that is operated according to the present invention can include a workstation, a server, a laptop, a desktop, a hand-held device, a mobile device, a tablet computer, or other computing device, as would be understood by those of skill in the art. 
     The data processing system or computing device can include a bus or network for connectivity between several components, directly or indirectly, a memory or database, one or more processors, input/output ports, a power supply, etc. One of skill in the art will appreciate that the bus or network can include one or more busses, such as an address bus, a data bus, or any combination thereof, or can include one or more network links. One of skill in the art additionally will appreciate that, depending on the intended applications and uses of a particular preferred embodiment, multiple of these components can be implemented by a single device. Similarly, in some instances, a single component can be implemented by multiple devices. 
     The data processing system or computing device can include or interact with a variety of computer-readable media. For example, computer-readable media can include Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CDROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical or holographic media, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices that can be used to encode information and can be accessed by the data processing system or computing device. 
     The memory can include computer-storage media in the form of volatile and/or nonvolatile memory. The memory may be removable, non-removable, or any combination thereof. Exemplary hardware devices are devices such as hard drives, solid-state memory, optical-disc drives, or the like. The data processing system or computing device can include one or more processors that read data from components such as the memory, the various I/O components, etc. 
     The I/O ports can allow the data processing system or computing device to be logically coupled to other devices, such as I/O components. Some of the I/O components can be built into the computing device. Examples of such I/O components include a microphone, joystick, recording device, game pad, satellite dish, scanner, printer, wireless device, networking device, or the like. 
     Although the present invention has been illustrated by reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative preferred embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied with various changes and modifications without departing from the scope thereof. The present preferred embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. In other words, it is contemplated to cover any and all modifications, variations or equivalents that fall within the scope of the basic underlying principles and whose essential attributes are claimed in this patent application. It will furthermore be understood by the reader of this patent application that the words “comprising” or “comprise” do not exclude other elements or steps, that the words “a” or “an” do not exclude a plurality, and that a single element, such as a computer system, a processor, or another integrated unit may fulfil the functions of several means recited in the claims. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the respective claims concerned. The terms “first”, “second”, third”, “a”, “b”, “c”, and the like, when used in the description or in the claims are introduced to distinguish between similar elements or steps and are not necessarily describing a sequential or chronological order. Similarly, the terms “top”, “bottom”, “over”, “under”, and the like are introduced for descriptive purposes and not necessarily to denote relative positions. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and preferred embodiments of the invention are capable of operating according to the present invention in other sequences, or in orientations different from the one(s) described or illustrated above.