Patent Publication Number: US-2012042759-A1

Title: Soil pipe cutter jaw for press tool and related methods

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a portable tool system and a tool accessory for cutting relatively brittle pipe such as cast iron soil pipe. The invention also relates to methods of cutting and scoring pipe using the tool. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A wide array of soil pipe cutters are known in the art. Many of these use lever arms that transmit force to a ratchet assembly which in turn tensions a cutting chain wrapped about a pipe to be cut. Typically, such lever arms are relatively long in order for a user to generate the requisite amount of force for advancing the ratchet assembly and tightening the chain. When cutting soil pipe, and particularly previously installed pipe sections, access to the pipe is usually limited. For example, for buried pipe, after exposing the pipe by digging, the walls of the trench or hole frequently limit the degree of access around the pipe. As will be appreciated, it is undesirable to continue digging additional areas around the pipe to increase access. Also, limited access may exist for pipe installed in walls or under floors in buildings or other structures. Thus, while the use of cutters using lever arms is acceptable for uninstalled pipe, such cutters are not preferred and in many instances entirely unacceptable for situations in which pipe access is limited. 
     Another type of soil pipe cutter utilizes a scissor mechanism. The scissor mechanism is expanded or collapsed at one end to generate an opposite but amplified force at another end of the mechanism, at which a cutting chain is attached. Thus, operation of a scissor mechanism typically involves an expansion of the assembly at least somewhere around the region of pipe to be cut. Although satisfactory in many regards, the scissor mechanism can become obstructed or otherwise interfered with when attempting to cut pipe in limited access environments. 
     Additional examples of pipe cutters include pipe cutting systems using relatively large work surfaces or tables for supporting a pipe and an enclosure for housing a power assist system for tensioning the cutting chain. Although satisfactory for cutting free or uninstalled sections of pipe, these devices are not appropriate for limited access cutting situations such as for installed or buried pipe. Furthermore, these devices are not amenable for transport from one cutting site to another. 
     Accordingly, a need remains for a portable, relatively small pipe cutter that is free of bulky components such as lengthy lever arms and expandable scissor mechanisms. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a cutting tool using a cutting chain that is tensioned about a pipe to be cut. The tool is engaged with a conventional press tool. Operation of the press tool and displacement of a pair of pivotably movable arms of the cutting tool causes tightening of the cutting chain and subsequent fracture and/or cutting of the pipe. The cutting tool can accommodate a variety of different size pipes. 
     The difficulties and drawbacks associated with previously known tools and systems are addressed in the present system, apparatus, and method for a pipe cutting tool. 
     In one aspect, the invention provides a pipe cutting tool adapted for engagement to a press tool having an extendable powered ram. The cutting tool comprises a frame assembly defining a first region and a second region. The tool also comprises a first arm pivotally engaged with the first region of the frame assembly. The first arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The cutting tool further comprises a second arm pivotally engaged with the second region of the frame assembly. The second arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The tool additionally comprises a pivot plate assembly pivotally engaged with the distal end of the second arm. The pivot plate assembly defines a first locale and a second locale. The tool also comprises a cutting chain attached to the distal end of the first arm and also attached to the first locale of the pivot plate assembly. And, the tool comprises a feedscrew assembly engaged with the second arm and the second locale of the pivot plate assembly. Upon adjustment of the feedscrew assembly, the position of the pivot plate assembly relative to the second arm is changed, thereby changing the cutting confine defined by the cutting chain. 
     In another aspect, the invention provides a pipe cutting tool adapted for engagement to a press tool having an extendable powered ram. The cutting tool comprises a frame assembly defining a first region and a second region. The tool also comprises a first arm pivotally engaged with the first region of the frame assembly. The first arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The tool also comprises a second arm pivotally engaged with the second region of the frame assembly. The second arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The tool further comprises a pivot plate assembly pivotally engaged with the distal end of the second arm. The pivot plate assembly includes a first pivot plate and a second pivot plate. The first and second pivot plates are spaced apart and pivotably coupled to the distal end of the second arm disposed therebetween. The first and second plates define a first aperture and a second aperture. The cutting tool also comprises a cutting chain attached to the distal end of the first arm and also attached to the first aperture defined by the pivot plates. And, the tool further comprises a feedscrew assembly engaged with the second arm and the second aperture of the pivot plates. Upon adjustment of the feedscrew assembly, the position of the pivot plate assembly relative to the second arm is changed, thereby changing the cutting confine defined by the cutting chain. 
     In still another aspect, the present invention provides a pipe cutting tool adapted for engagement to a press tool having an extendable powered ram. The cutting tool comprises a frame assembly defining a first region and a second region. The tool also comprises a first arm pivotally engaged with the first region of the frame assembly. The first arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The tool also comprises a second arm pivotally engaged with the second region of the frame assembly. The second arm defines a proximal end and an opposite distal end. The tool further comprises a pivot plate assembly pivotally engaged with the distal end of the second arm. The pivot plate assembly defines a first locale and a second locale. The tool also comprises a cutting chain attached to the distal end of the first arm and also attached to the first locale of the pivot plate assembly. And, the cutting tool comprises a feedscrew assembly engaged with the second arm and the second locale of the pivot plate assembly. The feedscrew assembly includes a longitudinal threaded member defining a proximal end and an opposite distal end, a support base projecting from the second arm, the base defining a slotted receiving region, and a trunnion defining a threaded bore extended through the trunnion. The longitudinal threaded member is threadedly engaged within the bore of the trunnion. The trunnion is supported and retained by the support base. And, the distal end of the longitudinal threaded member is engaged with the second locale of the pivot plate assembly. Upon adjustment of the feedscrew assembly, the position of the pivot plate assembly relative to the second arm is changed, thereby changing the cutting confine defined by the cutting chain. 
     In yet an additional aspect, the invention also provides a method of cutting a pipe. The method comprises providing a pipe cutting tool including a frame assembly, a first arm pivotally engaged with the frame assembly, the first arm defining a proximal end and an opposite distal end, a second arm pivotally engaged with the frame assembly, the second arm defining a proximal end and an opposite distal end, a pivot plate assembly pivotally engaged with the distal end of the second arm, a cutting chain attached to the distal end of the first arm and also attached to the pivot plate assembly, and a feedscrew assembly engaged with the second arm and the pivot assembly. The tool is in operable engagement with a press tool. The method also comprises providing a pipe to be cut. The method further comprises identifying a desired cutting location on the pipe. The method then involves positioning the cutting chain of the cutting tool about the pipe and generally co-extending with the desired cutting location. The method also comprises removing at least a portion of slack from the cutting chain by adjusting the feedscrew assembly. And, the method comprises actuating the press tool to cause powered pivotal displacement of the first arm and the second arm thereby tightening the cutting chain about the pipe thereby resulting in cutting of the pipe. 
     As will be realized, the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modifications in various respects, all without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a rear perspective view of a preferred embodiment tool in accordance with the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a front perspective view of the preferred embodiment tool depicted in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic side elevational view of the preferred embodiment tool shown without certain frame components. 
         FIG. 4  is an exploded assembly view of another preferred embodiment tool in accordance with the present invention. 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic side elevational view of another preferred embodiment tool. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     The present invention provides a device for conveniently and quickly cutting relatively brittle pipes such as cast iron soil pipes. The device is adapted for selective and releasable engagement to a powered press tool and utilizes the action of the hydraulic cylinder and/or ram or other powered cylinder of the press tool to tension a cutting chain, which when positioned about a pipe, readily severs or cuts the pipe. The terms “cut” or “cutting” as used herein refer to any type of action in which the targeted pipe is cut, severed or otherwise fractured generally along a desired or targeted location to result in the formation of multiple sections of the pipe or workpiece. 
     The cutting tool of the present invention is preferably adapted for use with a portable, hand-held press tool such as the CT-400 Press Tool, 320-E Press Tool, RP 330-B Press Tool, and RP 330-C Press Tool, all available from Ridge Tool Company of Elyria, Ohio under the designation RIDGID® Tools. It is also contemplated that the present invention tool if appropriately modified, can also be used with other press tools such as the Compact 100-B Press Tool and the Compact 210-B Press Tool, both available from Ridge Tool Company. However, the present invention cutting tool is not limited to use with only the previously noted press tools, as other press tools from other suppliers may also be acceptable. Generally, any press tool can be used in conjunction with the present invention cutting tool so long as the requisite press force and power can be delivered to the cutting tool and the mounting arrangements meet dimensional compatibility with the noted RIDGID® press tools. The preferred press tool for use with the present invention is of the type used for providing a press force to a removable jaw set engaged to the tool. Generally such press tools operate by activation of an internal electric motor which powers a hydraulic pump. The pump forces fluid into an onboard cylinder of the tool, thereby forcing a ram outward and applying thousands of pounds of press force to a jaw set that is engaged with the press tool. The present invention cutting tool is used in place of the jaw set. Examples of representative press tools besides the noted tools that may be suitable for use with the present invention cutting tool include, but are not limited to the press tools described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,124,608. These aspects are described in greater detail in conjunction with details of the preferred embodiments. 
     in accordance with the present invention, a preferred embodiment cutting tool is adapted to engage a press tool, and specifically, at the area of the press tool at which a press jaw set would be engaged. The cutting tool generally comprises a frame or support assembly, a set of pivotably movable arms, and one or more cutting chains or cutting chain sections generally releasably attached or secured to the arms. The cutting tool is used by attachment to a press tool, such as the previously noted Compact Press Tool 330-B from Ridge Tool Company. The cutting chain or the cutting chain sections are positioned about the outer periphery of a pipe or other workpiece to be cut or severed. The press tool is activated so that a hydraulic ram of the press tool is displaced toward the cutting tool attached to the press tool. The ram engages the set of pivotable arms of the cutting tool. As rear portions of the arms are displaced outward from one another, the front or distal ends of the arms are displaced toward one another, thereby tightening the cutting chain about the pipe or workpiece. Continuing displacement of the press tool hydraulic ram results in application of large forces to the cutting chain. 
     More specifically, the frame or support assembly of the cutting tool is preferably releasably engagable with a press tool. That is, for the previously noted Compact 330-B Press Tool, a removable jaw set is disengaged from the tool, and in its place, the present invention cutting tool is inserted. The frame or support assembly of the cutting tool defines a first or proximate end adapted for engagement with the press tool, and a second or distal end opposite from the first end. The terms “proximal” and “distal” are frequently used herein in describing the cutting tool and its various components. The term “proximal” denotes a location that is near or relative to the end of the cutting tool that is closest to a press tool when the cutting tool is engaged therewith. And, the term “distal” denotes a location that is away from the end of the cutting tool frame at which the cutting tool is attached to a press tool. Typically, the distal end is the end opposite from the proximal end. 
     Although the preferred embodiment tools are generally described herein as selectively attachable to and removable from a press tool, it will be understood that the invention includes versions in which the preferred embodiment cutting tools are permanently attached or integrally formed with an assembly providing a powered ram. In such a configuration, a one-piece or stand alone tool is provided having both a cutting tool head and a base portion with provisions for providing a powered ram or like component. For purposes of understanding the invention, the various preferred embodiments are in the form of a selectively engageable cutting tool which, as described herein, can be attached to and removed from a press tool. But, in no way is the invention limited to this particular configuration. 
     As previously noted, the preferred embodiment cutting tools generally comprise a frame or support assembly, and one or more cutting chains or chain sections that are affixed to certain components and/or at particular locations within the frame or assembly of the tool. Preferably, one end or location of the cutting chain is attached or otherwise engaged to a distal end of an arm. And, preferably, another end or location of the cutting chain is attached or engaged to a distal end of another arm. Most preferably, one end of the cutting chain is attached to one or more, and preferably a pair, of pivot plates which are attached or engaged to the noted distal end of the other arm. 
     The frame is comprised of one or multiple members arranged and configured as desired. In one version, a pair of frame members are spaced apart and affixed together by the use of a plurality of spacers and/or fasteners extending therebetween. The frame and/or its members include engagement provisions for releasable engagement with a press tool. The engagement provisions as will be understood are located along a proximate end or face of the cutting tool. Preferably, the engagement provisions include an aperture extending through the frame or frame members for receiving an engagement pin from the nose of the press tool. The distal end region of the frame or distal end regions of the frame members include provisions for attachment of a set of pivotable arms. The frame or support assembly can be an integral one piece member, or can be formed from a plurality of members. The preferred embodiments described later herein use frame assemblies that are formed from several components. This practice is favored as manufacturing costs are typically less as compared to forming an integral one piece unit. 
     The cutting tool also comprises a set of arms and preferably a pair of arms that are pivotably engaged with the frame assembly. Specifically, a first arm is pivotably engaged along one region of the frame and a second arm is pivotably engaged along another region of the frame. Preferably, the first arm and the second arm are disposed between two frame members. 
     The cutting tool also comprises a cutting chain, or a plurality of cutting chain sections. One end of the cutting chain or a link or region of the chain, is attached to a distal end of one of the arms as previously noted. And, another end of the cutting chain or a link or region of the chain or a different section of cutting chain is attached at a distal end of another arm of the cutting tool. The point of attachment is preferably at a distal end of the arm or in the near vicinity of the distal end. If multiple chain sections are used, it is preferred to provide releasable engagement provisions on corresponding ends of the cutting chain as described in greater detail herein. It will be understood that the term “chain sections” as used herein refers to portions of the overall cutting chain used in the cutting tool which can be selectively and readily engaged with one another. Preferably, the chain sections can be readily engaged with another and disengaged from one another without the use of any tools. Thus, a user can easily disengage two or more chain sections from one another manually. And, a user can easily engage or otherwise attach two or more chain sections to one another. 
     The cutting tool also comprises a feedscrew assembly that is in operable engagement with the cutting chain. The feedscrew assembly is preferably mounted on or integrally formed with one of the pivotable arms. The feedscrew assembly preferably includes a pair of arm extensions or a support base, a threaded longitudinal member, threaded trunnion retained and support by the pair of arm extensions, a pair of pivot plates, and a pivot pin disposed along an end of the threaded member. The pivot pin is generally supported within the pair of pivot plates. Upon rotating the threaded longitudinal member, the linear distance between (i) the trunnion which is retained between the arm extensions, and (ii) the pivot pin, which is supported within the pair of pivot plates, is changed. This dimensional change causes pivoting of the pivot plates relative to the arm at which the plates are attached. Since the cutting chain is attached to the pivot plates, pivoting of the plates thus causes a change in the effective length of the chain. Upon reducing the effective length, the chain can be tightened about a workpiece. Thus, the feedscrew assembly is preferably used to manually tighten or take up any slack in a cutting chain after the chain is positioned about a workpiece to be cut. Upon rotational adjustment of the feedscrew, the feedscrew is linearly displaced thereby pivoting the chain affixment member or pair of pivot plates relative to the corresponding arm and thereby changing the extent of slack in the chain. 
     As described in greater detail herein, the cutting chain, when having both ends or two region(s) coupled to the distal ends of the arms or a distal end of one arm and pivot plates associated with the other arm, defines a loop or bounded region. In order to cut or otherwise sever a pipe, positioned within the loop or bounded region, the press tool is actuated to decrease the size of the loop or bounded region, thereby eventually tightening the cutting chain about the outer periphery of the pipe until the pipe is cut, severed, or fractured. Upon actuation of the press tool, the arm distal ends are urged toward one another, thereby increasing the tension on the chain until ultimately, the pipe is severed or otherwise fractured. This bounded region is described in greater detail herein as a cutting confine. 
     Most preferably, the cutting tool comprises a pair of pivotally movable arms. The tool also comprises a pair of chain affixment members, each secured at a distal end of an arm. One of these chain affixment members is preferably in the form of a pair of pivot plates as previously described in association with the feedscrew assembly. The tool further includes a cutting chain with ends of the chain engaged to a corresponding chain affixment member associated with the other arm. And, the tool also comprises a feedscrew assembly mounted on one of the jaws and engaged with one of the chain affixment members, which as noted is preferably the pair of pivot plates. The chain affixment member or pair of pivot plates that is engaged with the feedscrew assembly is pivotally secured to a distal end of an arm. The other chain affixment member secured to the end of the other arm is preferably rigidly secured so that the member is not pivotable. 
     The preferred attachment tool includes several features as follows. 
     The arms are generally biased to an “open” position. Such open position is with reference to the distal ends of the arms. This refers to the distal ends being spaced apart from one another. Although such biasing can be implemented in a variety of ways and by various assemblies, it is preferred to dispose one or more biasing members between the arms such that the distal ends of the arms are biased or otherwise urged apart from one another. 
     The arms are preferably configured such that the extent of opening of the arms is limited to thereby reduce the extent of wasted stroke by the press tool. This aspect is preferably achieved by using particular geometrical configurations for the arms and spacing between the arms as depicted in the referenced figures. 
     The feedscrew assembly may also utilize multiple leads or threads having a relatively large pitch to thereby reduce the extent of feedscrew operation when removing slack from the cutting chain. 
     The preferred orientation of the feedscrew assembly is such that the feedscrew knob is directed away from the pipe. Or, restated, the feedscrew knob is preferably directed toward the user. 
     A significant feature of the pipe cutting tool described herein is the provision of a chain affixment member pivotally attached at an arm end, the position of which is adjusted by a feedscrew assembly to thereby change the amount of tension (or effective length) of the cutting chain. In a preferred version, this pivotally attached chain affixment member includes a pair of pivot plates. 
     Another significant feature of the tool described herein is the location of the feedscrew assembly in the tool. The feedscrew assembly is at least partly mounted and engaged with a chain affixment member, e.g. the pivot plates. Moreover, the preferred embodiment tool utilizes a feedscrew assembly that is mounted on only one arm. This reduces manufacturing complexity and facilitates use of the feedscrew. 
     All components of the preferred embodiment cutting tools described herein are formed of materials that exhibit sufficient strength, rigidity, and durability for repeated and consistent tool use. Preferably, the frame sections, arms, feedscrew components, and chain affixment members or pivot plates are formed from steel or other alloys of comparable strength. The cutting chain and associated cutting wheels, links, and posts are preferably formed from steel or other suitable materials. Hardened steel is preferred for the cutting wheels. In view of the high forces applied within the interior and to the frame assembly itself, it is preferred that the frame assembly be formed from metal and most preferably from steel. Nearly any grade of steel as used in the tooling arts is acceptable. One or more outer anti-corrosion layers or coatings may be used on all outer surfaces of the press frame and/or its various components. 
     The present invention cutting tool can be used to cut a wide range of pipe sizes, such as from 1½″ to 6″ size pipes. It will be understood that the present invention cutting tools can be used for cutting pipes having sizes different than these, for example smaller than 1½″, and/or greater than 6″. 
     Furthermore, although the present invention cutting tool has been described for cutting cast iron pipe, it will be appreciated that pipes of other materials can also be cut or otherwise severed using the present invention tool. 
       FIGS. 1-3  illustrate a preferred embodiment cutting tool  10  in accordance with the present invention. The tool  10  comprises a frame  20  (not shown in  FIG. 3 ), which preferably includes a pair of arms pivotably engaged with the frame  20  such as a first arm  70  and a second arm  90 . The tool  10  also comprises a cutting chain  110  extending between the arms  70 ,  90 . And, the tool  10  further comprises a feedscrew assembly  130  generally carried on one of the arms, such as arm  90 , and in operable engagement with the cutting chain  110 . Preferably, the feedscrew assembly  130  is operably engaged with the cutting chain  110  by one or more pivot plates  160  engaged with and carried on the arm which carries the feedscrew assembly  130 . All of these aspects are described in greater detail as follows. 
     Referring further to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the frame  20  includes a first frame member  30  and a second frame member  50  generally oriented parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other. The first frame member  30  as best shown in  FIG. 1 , defines a distal end  32 , a proximal end  34 , and an engagement aperture  36  extending through the frame member  30 . The first frame member  30  also defines a first arm pivot aperture  38  and a second arm pivot aperture  40 . The first frame member  30  also defines two retention slots  42  generally located along opposite regions of a medial region of the frame member  30  within which the engagement aperture  36  is defined. 
     The second frame member  50  as best shown in  FIG. 2 , defines a distal end  52 , a proximal end  54 , and an engagement aperture  56  extending through the frame member  50 . The second frame member  50  also defines a first arm pivot aperture  58  and a second arm pivot aperture  60 . The second frame member  50  also defines two retention slots  62  generally located along opposite regions of a medial region of the frame member  50  within which the engagement aperture  56  is defined. 
     The tool also comprises the first and second arms  70  and  90 , respectively. Each of the arms  70  and  90  is pivotally attached with the frame  20  as described in greater detail herein. As best illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the first arm  70  defines a distal or forward end  72  and an opposite proximal or rearward end  74 . The first arm  70  defines a pivot engagement aperture  76  extending through the first arm  70 . The arm  70  also defines a cam surface  78  for contacting a roller or other component of a press tool (not shown) when the tool  10  is engaged therewith. Engaged or otherwise formed with the arm  70  and preferably along the distal end  72  of the arm  70 , is a chain affixment assembly  80 . One or more apertures  79  defined in the arm  70  receive engagement members for attaching the chain affixment assembly  80  to the distal end  72  of the arm  70 . 
     The second arm  90  defines a distal end  92  and an opposite proximal end  94 . The second arm  90  defines a pivot engagement aperture  96  extending through the second arm  90 . The arm  90  also defines a cam surface  98  for contacting a roller or other component of a press tool (not shown) when the tool  10  is engaged therewith. Engaged or otherwise formed with the arm  90  and preferably along the distal end  92  of the arm  90 , is a pivotable chain affixment assembly  100 . One or more apertures  99  defined in the arm  90  receive engagement members for attaching the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  to the distal end  92  of the arm  90 . The second arm  90  also preferably includes a feedscrew assembly support base  154  extending from the arm  90  and preferably from a medial region thereof. Details as to the support base  154  are provided in conjunction with the description of the feedscrew assembly  130 . 
     The cutting tool  10  also comprises a pair of posts or members about which each arm pivots, and which serve to space apart and affix the frame members  30  and  50  to one another and the arms  70  and  90  therebetween. Specifically, the tool  10  comprises a first post  66  extending through the first arm pivot aperture  38  defined in the first frame member  30 , the pivot engagement aperture  76  defined in the arm  70 , and the first arm pivot aperture  58  defined in the second frame member  50 . Similarly, the tool  10  also comprises a second post  68  extending through the second arm pivot aperture  40  defined in the first frame member  30 , the pivot engagement aperture  96  defined in the arm  90 , and the second arm pivot aperture  60  defined in the second frame member  50 . Preferably, retaining rings are utilized in conjunction with the posts to retain the components in their assembled position. 
     As noted, the tool  10  also comprises a cutting chain  110 . The cutting chain  110  includes a plurality of links  112  and a plurality of generally rotatable cutting members  114  engaged with one another by a plurality of engagement pins  116 . One end or region of the cutting chain  110  is engaged with the chain affixment assembly  80  that is associated with the first arm  70 . The other end or another region of the cutting chain  110  is engaged with the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  that is associated with the second arm  90 . The chain affixment assembly  80  defines a cutting chain engagement aperture  82 , through which is received an engagement pin  116  of the chain  110 . 
     The tool  10  also comprises a feedscrew assembly  130  that is generally carried on the second arm  90  and is preferably supported and engaged with the support base  154  extending from the second arm  90  and the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  engaged along the distal end  92  of the second arm  90 . Although the feedscrew assembly  130  is described and illustrated as affixed to the second arm  90 , it will be appreciated that the invention includes embodiments in which the feedscrew assembly is indirectly affixed to the arm  90 , or directly or indirectly affixed to the first arm  70 . The feedscrew assembly  130  includes a longitudinal threaded feedscrew member  132  having a distal end  134  and an opposite proximal end  136 . A knob  135  is preferably disposed or otherwise located along the proximal end  136  for facilitating grasping and rotating the feedscrew  132  about its longitudinal axis. The feedscrew  132  includes one or more outer threaded regions  138  extending between the ends  134  and  136 . The feedscrew assembly  130  also includes a trunnion  140  defining a bore  142  extending through the trunnion  140 . The bore  142  defines an interior threaded region  144  for threadedly receiving the feedscrew  132  along its threaded region  138 . The trunnion  140  also preferably includes a pair of laterally projecting supports  146 . The feedscrew assembly  130  also includes a capture member  150  that is movably affixed to the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  associated with the second arm  90 . 
     The feedscrew assembly support base  154  extends from the second arm  90  and preferably is in the form of a pair of spaced apart parallel members, each defining a slotted receiving region  156 . The slotted receiving region  156  is generally accessible from a distal end of the tool  10 . Each slotted receiving region  156  is sized, shaped, and configured to accept and retain the pair of laterally projecting supports  146  of the trunnion  140 . The previously noted capture member  150  is configured to engage and retain the distal end  134  of the feedscrew  132 , yet allow rotation of the feedscrew  132  about its longitudinal axis. It will be appreciated that upon rotation of the feedscrew  132 , the distance between the capture member  150  and the trunnion  140  is changed, thereby causing pivotal displacement of the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  associated with the second arm  90 . Pivotable displacement of the assembly  100  results in tightening or loosening of the cutting chain  110  attached thereto, or as previously noted, reducing or increasing the cutting confine defined by the chain  110 . 
     As noted, the pivotable chain affixment assembly  100  preferably includes a pair of pivot plates  160 , each movably attached to the second arm  90 , and preferably along the distal end  92  of the arm  90 . The pivot plates  160  are preferably spaced apart and oriented generally parallel with one another. Specifically, as best shown in  FIG. 3 , each plate preferably defines an arm engaging aperture  162 , a feedscrew pivot pin aperture  164  in a first location or locale, and a cutting chain engagement aperture  166  in a second location or locale. As will be appreciated, a retaining member or post extends through the arm engaging aperture  162  of each plate  160  and the aperture  99  defined in the arm  90 . Similarly, a retaining pin, or a component of the capture member  150 , or a separate feedscrew pivot pin  170  extends through the feedscrew pivot pin aperture  164  of each plate  160  and is coupled to the capture member  150 . And, an engagement pin  116  of the chain  110  extends through the cutting chain engagement aperture  166  of each plate  160 . 
       FIG. 3  illustrates the tool  10 , however without the frame  20  and in particular, without the first and second frame members  30  and  50 .  FIG. 3  also shows the tool  10  without the posts  66  and  68 .  FIG. 3  reveals a retention member  182  disposed between the first and second arms  70  and  90 . Specifically, the retention member  182  serves to retain a biasing member  180  that serves to urge the arms  70  and  90  to a predetermined default position. Typically, such position is such that the distal ends  72  and  92  of the first and second arms  70  and  90 , respectively, are displaced and spaced apart from one another. This serves to increase the cutting confine defined by the cutting chain  110 . 
       FIG. 4  is an exploded assembly view of another preferred embodiment tool  210 . The tool  210  generally corresponds to the previously described tool  10  but for the end configuration of a cutting chain to distal regions of the arms. The tool  210  comprises a frame  220 , which preferably includes a pair of arms pivotably engaged with the frame  220  such as a first arm  270  and a second arm  290 . The tool  210  also comprises a cutting chain  310  extending between the arms. And, the tool  210  further comprises a feedscrew assembly  330  generally carried on one of the arms and in operable engagement with the cutting chain  310 . Preferably, the feedscrew assembly  330  is operably engaged with the cutting chain  310  by one or more pivot plates  360  engaged with and carried on the arm which carries the feedscrew assembly  330 . All of these aspects are described in greater detail as follows. 
     Referring further to  FIG. 4 , the frame  220  includes a first frame member  230  and a second frame member  250  generally oriented parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other. The first frame member  230  defines a distal end  232 , a proximal end  234 , and an engagement aperture  236  extending through the frame member  230 . The first frame member  230  also defines a first arm pivot aperture  238  and a second arm pivot aperture  240 . The first frame member  230  also defines two retention slots  242  generally located along opposite regions of a medial region of the frame member  230  within which the engagement aperture  236  is defined. 
     The second frame member  250  defines a distal end  252 , a proximal end  254 , and an engagement aperture  256  extending through the frame member  250 . The second frame member  250  also defines a first arm pivot aperture  258  and a second arm pivot aperture  260 . The second frame member  250  also defines two retention slots  262  generally located along opposite regions of a medial region of the frame member  250  within which the engagement aperture  256  is defined. 
     The tool also comprises the first and second arms  270  and  290 , respectively. Each of the arms  270  and  290  is pivotally attached with the frame  220  as described in greater detail herein. The first arm  270  defines a distal end  272  and an opposite proximal end  274 . The first arm  270  defines a pivot engagement aperture  276  extending through the first arm  270 . The arm  270  also defines a cam surface  278  for contacting a roller or other component of a press tool (not shown) when the tool  210  is engaged therewith. Engaged or otherwise formed with the arm  270  and preferably along the distal end  272  of the arm  270 , is a chain affixment assembly  280 . One or more apertures  282  defined in the arm  270  receive engagement pins  316  for attaching the chain affixment assembly  280  to the cutting chain  310 . In this embodiment, the chain affixment assembly  280  is integrally formed along the distal end  272  of the arm  270 . 
     The second arm  290  defines a distal end  292  and an opposite proximal end  294 . The second arm  290  defines a pivot engagement aperture  296  extending through the second arm  290 . The arm  290  also defines a cam surface  298  for contacting a roller or other component of a press tool (not shown) when the tool  210  is engaged therewith. Engaged or otherwise formed with the arm  290  and preferably along the distal end  292  of the arm  290 , is a pivotable chain affixment assembly  300 . One or more apertures  299  defined in the arm  290  receive engagement members  299   a  for attaching the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  to the distal end  292  of the arm  290 , described in greater detail herein. The second arm  290  also preferably includes a feedscrew assembly support base  354  extending from the arm  290  and preferably from a medial region thereof. Details as to the support base  354  are provided in conjunction with the description of the feedscrew assembly  330 . 
     The tool  210  further comprises a pair of posts  266  and  268 . Upon assembly, the first post  266  extends through apertures  258  and  238  of the frame members  250  and  230 , respectively. And, the post  266  also extends through the aperture  276  in the arm  270  disposed between the frame members  250  and  230 . Similarly, the post  268  extends through apertures  260 ,  296 , and  240 . Retaining rings can be used in association with the posts to retain the posts in position within the various apertures. 
     The tool  210  also comprises a cutting chain  310 . The cutting chain  310  includes a plurality of links  312  and a plurality of generally rotatable cutting members  314  engaged with one another by a plurality of engagement pins  316 . One end or region of the cutting chain  310  is engaged with the chain affixment assembly  280  that is associated with the first arm  270 . The other end or another region of the cutting chain  310  is engaged with the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  that is associated with the second arm  290 . 
     The tool  210  also comprises the feedscrew assembly  330  that is generally carried on the second arm  290  and is preferably supported and engaged with the support base  354  extending from the second arm  290  and the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  engaged along the distal end  292  of the second arm  290 . The feedscrew assembly  330  includes a feedscrew  332  having a distal end  334  and an opposite proximal end  336 . A knob  335  is preferably disposed or otherwise located along the proximal end  336  for facilitating grasping and rotating the feedscrew  332  about its longitudinal axis. The feedscrew  332  includes one or more outer threaded regions  338  extending between the ends  334  and  336 . The feedscrew assembly  330  also includes a trunnion  340  defining a bore  342  extending through the trunnion  340 . The bore  342  defines an interior threaded region  344  for threadedly receiving the feedscrew  332  along its threaded region  338 . The trunnion  340  also preferably includes a pair of laterally projecting supports  346 . The feedscrew assembly  330  also includes a capture member  350  that is movably affixed to the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  associated with the second arm  290 . 
     The feedscrew assembly support base  354  extends from the second arm  290  and preferably is in the form of a pair of spaced apart parallel members, each defining a slotted receiving region  356 . The slotted receiving region  356  is accessible from a distal end of the tool. Each slotted receiving region  356  is sized, shaped, and configured to accept and retain the pair of laterally projecting supports  346  of the trunnion  340 . The previously noted capture member  350  is configured to engage and retain the distal end  334  of the feedscrew  332 , yet allow rotation of the feedscrew  332  about its longitudinal axis. It will be appreciated that upon rotation of the feedscrew  332 , the distance between the capture member  350  and the trunnion  340  is changed, thereby causing pivotal displacement of the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  associated with the second arm  290 . Pivotable displacement of the assembly  300  results in tightening or loosening of the cutting chain  310  attached thereto, or as previously noted, reducing or increasing the cutting confine defined by the chain  310 . 
     As noted, the pivotable chain affixment assembly  300  preferably includes a pair of pivot plates  360 , each movably attached to the second arm  290 , and preferably along the distal end  292  of the arm  290 . The pivot plates  360  are preferably spaced apart and oriented generally parallel with one another. Specifically each plate preferably defines an arm engaging aperture  362 , a feedscrew pivot pin aperture  364  in a first location or locale, and a cutting chain engagement aperture  366  in a second location or locale. The arm engaging apertures  362  receive the engagement member  299   a  which is positioned in aperture  299  of the arm  290 . The feedscrew pivot pin apertures  364  receive the capture member  350  which is affixed to the distal end  334  of the feedscrew  332 . The cutting chain engagement apertures  366  receive an engagement pin  316  of the chain  310 . 
     The tool  210  also comprises a retention member  382  disposed between the first and second arms  270  and  290 . Specifically, the retention member  382  serves to retain a biasing member  380  that serves to urge the arms  270  and  290  to a predetermined default position. 
     The present invention also provides methods of severing, fracturing, and/or cutting workpieces such as pipes, and preferably relatively brittle pipes such as cast iron soil pipes by use of the present invention cutting tool. The methods generally comprise providing a cutting tool engaged with a press tool and identifying a location on a workpiece at which cutting is desired. The cutting chain is then wrapped about the outer periphery of the workpiece. Preferably, the cutting chain is aligned with or along the location of desired cutting on the workpiece. The cutting chain may remain attached to the tool at both of its ends, or one end of the cutting chain may be released or disengaged from the tool. Alternatively, a component to which the cutting chain is attached can be disengaged from the cutting tool. Once one or both ends of the chain are disengaged from the tool, the loose end of the chain can be wrapped about the workpiece and positioned along the desired cutting line or location. The one or both ends of the chain are then engaged with the cutting tool. Any slack existing in the cutting chain is then readily removed or taken up by adjustment of the feedscrew assembly. As the chain is tightened about the workpiece, the chain is located or it is otherwise confirmed that the chain is positioned along the desired location for cutting on the workpiece. Once the chain has been tightened by the feedscrew assembly, the press tool is actuated to extend a powered ram to thereby pivotally displace the arms as described herein. This causes further tightening of the cutting chain about the workpiece and application of relatively large forces upon the workpiece thereby eventually resulting in fracture, severing, or cutting of the workpiece. 
     In a particularly preferred version of the cutting tool, the tool includes a scoring provision for forming one or more indentations into the outer surface of the workpiece at a desired cutting location. The use of the scoring provision typically produces a “cleaner” cut face than cutting without such scoring provision. The term “cleaner” cut face refers to the resulting cut face more closely corresponding to the desired location for cutting. Generally, when cutting a cast iron pipe, it is desired to cut the pipe so as to produce a cut face which is generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe, and which is relatively uniform, free of ridges or other deviations from the plane of cut. Cutting operations using the scoring provision provide a remarkable smooth and clean cut face. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates yet another preferred embodiment cutting tool in accordance with the invention compromising in part, a preferred scoring provision. Specifically,  FIG. 5  depicts a preferred cutting tool  410  in accordance with the present invention. The tool  410  comprises a frame  420  which preferably includes a pair of arms pivotably engaged with the frame  420  such as a first arm  470  and a second arm  490 . Each arm defines distal ends  472 ,  492  and proximal ends  474 ,  494 . It will be appreciated that the cutting tool  410  is shown without one of its frame members to better reveal the interior configuration of the tool. The tool  410  also comprises a cutting chain  510  extending between the arms  470 ,  490 . And, the tool  410  further comprises a feedscrew assembly  530  generally carried on one of the arms  470 , and in operable engagement with the cutting chain  510 . Preferably, the feedscrew assembly  530  is operably engaged with the cutting chain  510  by one or more pivot plates  560  engaged with and carried on the arm which carries the feedscrew assembly  530 . The details and components of the preferred embodiment cutting tool  410  generally correspond to those of previously described cutting tools  10  and  210 , and so reference can be made to the descriptions herein associated with  FIGS. 1-4 . 
     The preferred embodiment cutting tool  410  comprises a scoring provision, generally denoted as  415  in  FIG. 5 . The scoring provision  415  is generally in the form of a longitudinal threaded member  414  defining an engagement end  416  and an oppositely located adjusting end  417 . A knob  418  or other grip promoting member is preferably disposed along the adjusting end  417 . One or more threaded regions are defined along the member or portions thereof, between the ends  416  and  417 . 
     The cutting tool  410  preferably defines a threaded aperture in one of the arms  470 ,  490 , and preferably extending generally transversely through the other arm, opposite the arm that carries the feed screw assembly  530 . Thus, in the version of the tool  410  depicted in  FIG. 5 , the arm  490  defines the noted threaded aperture, shown as aperture  491 . The longitudinal member  414  is threadedly received and engaged within the arm  490  and specifically within the aperture  491 . 
     Referring further to  FIG. 5 , it will be appreciated that the scoring provision  415  and its receiving aperture  491  are located forwardly of the pivot locations of the arms  470  and  490 . That is, the arms  470  and  490  pivot about posts (not shown) that extend through pivot apertures  476  and  496  defined in the arms and frame, such as frame  420  and its counterpart frame member (not shown). The scoring provision  415  is located between these pivot locations and the cutting chain  510 . Moreover, the scoring provision  415  is closer to a distal or forward end  492  of the arm  490  than a proximal or rearward end  494  of the arm  490 . 
     In a particularly preferred configuration of the cutting tool  410 , the scoring provision is rotatably positionable between a “cut” (or unscrewed) position and a “score” (or screwed in) position. Thus, when the scoring provision is in the cut position, the engagement end  416  is brought into relatively close proximity to the underside of the arm  490 , or even fully retracted within the aperture  491 . And when the scoring provision is in the score position, the engagement end  416  is spaced from the underside of the arm  490 . Preferably, when in the score position, and when the cutting chain  510  and arms  470 ,  490  are positioned so that the chain  510  is tightly extending about a workpiece to be cut, the end  416  of the longitudinal member  414  contacts the upper side (as shown in  FIG. 5 ) of the arm  470 . This configuration is further described herein association with an operational description of scoring a pipe prior to cutting, using the preferred embodiment cutting tool  410 . 
     A cutting operation using the scoring provision  415  is preferably performed as follows. A user wraps or otherwise positions the cutting chain  510  about a pipe or other workpiece to be cut as previously described herein. The feed screw assembly  530  is tightened to thereby remove any slack from the chain  510 . The user then sets the scoring provision to one of the two noted positions—“cut” or “score”. To perform a scoring operation, the user rotates the longitudinal member  414  to the “score” position thereby generally extending the end  416  from the arm  490 . The user then actuates the press tool thereby causing further tightening of the chain  510  about the pipe. Contact between the end  416  of the longitudinal member  414  of the scoring provision and the arm  470  prevents a full cutting operation from occurring. Instead, the cutting wheels of the chain  510  are pressed into the outer surface of the pipe thereby forming at least one and preferably plurality of spaced apart linear indentations along the pipe exterior, all extending circumferentially about the desired cut line. This aspect of forming the indentations as opposed to performing a full cutting operation, is referred to herein as “controllably forming”. The user then releases the cutter, i.e. releases application of force to the cutting tool to be incrementally rotated or slightly orbited about the pipe. Preferably, the extent of rotational repositioning of the cutting chain and the tool is such so that the cutting wheels are each brought to a new location along the outer surface of the pipe, between two of the previously noted indentations. The user then positions the scoring provision to the “cut” position and actuates the press tool. The jaws  470  and  490  are then permitted to be displaced toward one another to further tighten the cutting chain  510  about the pipe. It has been surprisingly discovered that as cutting occurs and as fractures form within the pipe sidewall, the fractures typically extend along the desired cutting line. Use of the scoring provision is optional as it may be left in its “cut” position during all phases of operation of the cutting tool. It will be appreciated that the present invention includes numerous variations and alternate configurations of the scoring provision, cutting tools including such provisions, and related methods. Therefore, it will be understood that in no way is the invention limited to any of the details described herein. 
     Although the present invention cutting tool has been described for use with a powered press tool using a hydraulic cylinder, it will be appreciated that the present invention cutting tool can be used with nearly any type of powered ram, manual ram, or mechanical assemblies. For example, a variety of force multiplying assemblies could be used to provide a force input to the pivoting arm components of the present invention tools. Thus, it is contemplated that the cutting tools can be used with pneumatically driven rams or mechanical assemblies that provide a powered ram or other component for engaging the arms in the present invention tool. 
     Although it is preferred that the preferred embodiment cutting tools are used by attachment or coupling to a hand-held portable, typically electrically powered, press tool; it will be appreciated that the tools can be used with a wide array of other force-generating devices. Further, it is not necessary that the preferred embodiment cutting tools be used in conjunction with hand-held press tools. Instead, the cutting tools can be used with non-portable or stationary press tools. And, it will be readily understood that the preferred embodiment cutting tools can be used with a variety of press tools or force-generating assemblies that are not battery powered, but instead, powered from other machine or human powered sources. 
     Many other benefits will no doubt become apparent from future application and development of this technology. 
     All patents, published applications, and articles noted herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     It will be understood that any one or more feature or component of one embodiment described herein can be combined with one or more other features or components of another embodiment. Thus, the present invention includes any and all combinations of components or features of the embodiments described herein. 
     As described hereinabove, the present invention solves many problems associated with previous type devices. However, it will be appreciated that various changes in the details, materials and arrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and scope of the invention, as expressed in the appended claims.