Patent Publication Number: US-9833141-B2

Title: Transfer of measurement data related to physical exercise

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/679,145, filed Aug. 3, 2012, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Field 
     The invention relates to the field of physical exercise devices and, particularly, to transfer of exercise data to a network storage. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     Modern physical exercise devices typically comprise measurement units comprising sensors attachable to a user&#39;s body and user interface devices. A measurement unit measures exercise data from the user&#39;s body and transmit to a user interface unit for display to the user during an exercise. The user interface unit may also comprise an input/output interface to store the measured exercise data to a network storage, e.g. a computer or a server, after the exercise. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to an aspect, there is provided a system comprising: a server computer comprising at least one processor and at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the server computer to: associate, during a registration procedure for a measurement device of a user, a device identifier of the measurement device with a user account of the user stored in the server computer; receive a device identifier and real-time heart rate measurement data over a network connection; identify the user&#39;s measurement device from the received device identifier; and store the received heart rate measurement data to the user account of the user on the basis of the association between the received device identifier and the corresponding user account. 
     According to another aspect, there is provided an apparatus comprising: a wireless interface configured to provide a wireless device-to-device connection with a measurement device; a network interface configured to provide the apparatus with a network connection; at least one processor; and at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus to: receive, at a beginning of an exercise carried out by a user, a device identifier from a measurement device attachable to the user&#39;s body; determine a network address of a server computer to which to route measurement data acquired from the measurement device during the exercise; receive said measurement data from the measurement device through the wireless interface during the exercise; and cause the network interface to transmit the device identifier and the measurement data through the network connection to the network address of the server computer, wherein the server computer uses the device identifier to store the measurement data to a correct user account. 
     According to another aspect, there is provided a method comprising: associating, in a server computer during a registration procedure for a measurement device of a user, a device identifier of the measurement device with a user account of the user stored in the server computer; receiving, in the server computer, a device identifier and real-time heart rate measurement data over a network connection; identifying, in the server computer, the user&#39;s measurement device from the received device identifier; and storing, in the server computer, the received heart rate measurement data to the user account of the user on the basis of the association between the received device identifier and the corresponding user account. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments of the present invention are described below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a performance monitoring arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a signalling diagram related to the operation of the performance monitoring arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a block diagram of a measurement device according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a block diagram of a server computer according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a flow diagram of processing received measurement data in the server computer according to an embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a block diagram of an equipment interface unit according to an embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following embodiments are exemplary. Although the specification may refer to “an”, “one”, or “some” embodiment(s) in several locations, this does not necessarily mean that each such reference is to the same embodiment(s), or that the feature only applies to a single embodiment. Single features of different embodiments may also be combined to provide other embodiments. Furthermore, words “comprising” and “including” should be understood as not limiting the described embodiments to consist of only those features that have been mentioned and such embodiments may contain also features/structures that have not been specifically mentioned. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a performance monitoring arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to  FIG. 1 , a user  100  carries out a physical exercise in a gym or in a similar training environment by using a training device  108 , e.g. a treadmill, an exercise cycle, or a rowing machine. A measurement device  102  is attached to the user&#39;s  100  body to measure physiological data during the exercise. The measurement device  102  may be a heart rate sensor comprising at least one sensor to measure a heart rate of the user  100 . The measurement device  102  may transmit measured heart rate measurement data wirelessly to an equipment interface unit  106 . A wireless transmission may utilize one of the following short range device-to-device communication technologies: Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, Polar-compatible magnetic pulse operating on 5 kHz radio band, ANT by Dynastream, or IEEE 802.15.4. Other short-range device-to-device or network communication protocols are equally possible. The short range device-to-device connection may also be called a proximity connection because of its short communication range. The communication range may be in the order of a couple of meters, e.g. less than five meters. 
     The equipment interface unit  106  may comprise a user interface to display the received hear rate measurement data to the user  100 . In some examples, the equipment interface unit  106  may be worn by the user  100 , e.g. a wrist device, but according to an embodiment the equipment interface unit  106  is fixed or attached to the training device  108 . When the user  100  approaches and starts to use the training device  108 , the connection between the measurement device  102  and the equipment interface unit  106  may be established automatically, e.g. on the basis of the close proximity detection between the devices  102 ,  106 . In addition to displaying or otherwise outputting the received measurement data, the equipment interface unit  106  may be configured to stream the measurement data to a server computer  104 . In some cases, the equipment interface unit  106  cannot establish a direct circuit connection with the server computer so the connection may be routed through one or more communication networks  110 . At least some of the networks  110  may be public networks, e.g. the Internet. As a consequence, the equipment interface unit  106  may be considered as a network node configured to stream the heart rate measurement data to the server computer  104  during the physical exercise. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a procedure for streaming the heart rate measurement data from the measurement device  102  to the server computer  104  according to an embodiment of the invention. The procedure comprises steps carried out in the measurement device  102 , steps carried out in the equipment interface unit  106 , steps carried out in the server computer  104 , and steps carried out in a mediating device used by the user  100  to connect to the server computer  104  and to manage a user account stored in the server computer  104 . The mediating device may be a personal computer (PC), but it should be appreciated that the server computer  104  may be connected by using any device having an internet connection, a web browser, and a connection enabling communication with the measurement device, e.g. a tablet computer, a palm computer, a mobile phone, and a gaming console. 
     The user account may store physiological data of the user  100  and user attributes such as name, gender, age, weight, height, fitness level, training history comprising measurement data and accumulated performance data, training schedule, maximum oxygen intake (VO2Max), maximum heart rate (HRMax), performance zones (heart rate zones, speed zones), aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. The data stored in the user account may be classified into personal physiological data and personal training data. The personal physiological data may comprise at least some of the gender, age, weight, height, fitness level, maximum oxygen intake (VO2Max), maximum heart rate (HRMax), performance zones (heart rate zones, speed zones), and aerobic and anaerobic thresholds. The personal training data may comprise at least some of the training history comprising measurement data and accumulated performance data, and training schedule. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , let us now describe the operation of the procedure. Before the exercise, e.g. upon buying the measurement device  102 , the measurement device  102  may be registered to the server computer  104  by using the mediating device. In step  200 , the user  100  accesses his/her user account stored in the server computer  104  by logging into the user account. The user login may follow the principles of a conventional web-based authentication, wherein the user inputs a user name and a password into appropriate fields provided in a web page related to the user accounts stored in the server computer  104 . The step  200  may comprise operations in the mediating device such as accessing an URL (Uniform Resource Locator) of the server computer and communicating the user credentials to the server computer  104 . The step  200  may also comprise operations in the server computer, e.g. transmitting the web page to the mediating device, receiving the user credentials, and authenticating the credentials. 
     When the server computer  104  has granted the user  100  access to his/her user account, a device identifier of the measurement device  102  may be transferred to the server computer  104  (step  202 ), and the server computer  104  may be configured to associate the device identifier of the measurement device  102  with the user&#39;s  100  user account (step  204 ). This may be carried out by storing the device identifier into the user account. Step  202  may be an automatized procedure such that the mediating device may automatically upload the device identifier to the server computer  104  upon being connected to the measurement device and after the user  100  has accessed the user account. As a consequence, no user input is necessary. In another embodiment, the user  100  inputs the device identifier manually into his/her user account. 
     In an embodiment, the device identifier is a device address of the measurement device, e.g. a medium access control (MAC) address. In another embodiment, the device identifier is an internet protocol address of the measurement device  102 . In yet another embodiment, the device identifier is a processor identification code of the measurement device  102 . 
     In step  206 , the mediating device transfers the server computer&#39;s  104  network address to the measurement device  102 , and the measurement device  102  stores the server&#39;s network address in step  208 . The network address may comprise the URL and/or an internet protocol (IP) address of the server computer  104 , for example. It should be appreciated that steps  206  and  208  are optional, and in some embodiments described below these steps are omitted. 
     Steps  200  to  208  may be carried out during a registration phase related to the setup of the measurement device  102  and/or the configuration of the user account. The registration phase may precede a physical exercise carried out by the user  100  using the measurement device. Let us now consider the operation of the system during the exercise of the user  100  wearing the measurement device  102 . At the beginning of the physical exercise with the training device  108 , the measurement device  102  pairs with the equipment interface unit  106 . The pairing may comprise establishment of the device-to-device communication connection between the devices  102 ,  106  (step  210 ). In connection with the pairing, e.g. during the pairing, the measurement device  102  may transmit its device identifier to the equipment interface unit  106  (Step  212 ). 
     In an embodiment, the measurement device  102  transmits also the network address of the server computer  104  to the equipment interface unit  106  in step  202 . In another embodiment, the equipment interface unit  106  derives the server computer&#39;s  104  network address from the device identifier of the measurement device on the basis of a database providing a mapping between device identifiers of measurement devices and associated server computers. For example, the user  100  may have registered his/her measurement device  102  to a database of the gym, and the equipment interface unit  106  may compare the device identifier received in step  212  with device identifiers comprised in the database. Upon discovering the device identifier from the database, the equipment interface unit may determine a server computer associated with that device identifier and retrieve the network address of the associated server computer. In another embodiment, a part of the device identifier identifies the appropriate server computer. For example, all measurement devices having an identical part of the device identifier are associated with the same server computer. The identical part may comprise a determined number of first and/or last digits of the device identifier. The database may store the mapping between the device identifier parts and associated server computers, and the equipment interface unit  106  may be configured to determine the part of the received device identifier that is used to derive the associated server computer, to search the database for a corresponding part of the device identifier, and to retrieve the network address of a server computer associated with the part of the device identifier. The database may be stored in a local network of the equipment interface unit  106  or in a remote network accessible through at least one public network  110 . In yet another embodiment, the device identifier is any identifier derived from a unique identifier of the measurement device  102  according to a determined algorithm. For example, the device identifier may be a code computed from the device address of the measurement device  102  according to a determined logic. As a consequence, the device identifier may be an intermediate identifier sequence computed from the device address of a corresponding real identifier received from the measurement device. 
     As a result, the equipment interface unit  106  acquires a network address of the server computer  104  to which transmit any measurement data received during the exercise. The equipment interface unit may already initiate a network connection with the server computer  104  and to map internally a device-to-device wireless connection with the measurement device  102  to the network connection with the server computer  104 . 
     In step  214 , the measurement device measures heart rate measurement data by using at least one of its sensors, processes the measurement data, and transmits the measurement data over the wireless device-to-device connection to the equipment interface unit  106 . This procedure may be continuous and continue for the duration of the exercise. The measurement device  102  may transmit the heart rate measurement data constantly as it is measured. The actual transmissions may be intermittent, depending on the wireless communication protocol being used. The heart rate measurement data may be primitive measurement data, e.g. instantaneous heart rate values, average heart rate values averaged over a determined number of heart beats, RR intervals acquired from peak intervals of heart rate signals. 
     In step  216 , the equipment interface unit  216  receives the heart rate measurement data, decodes the received heart rate measurement data, and prepares a message comprising the heart rate measurement data and the device identifier of the measurement device  102 . Then, the equipment interface unit  106  may transmit the heart rate measurement data and the device identifier of the measurement device to the server computer  104  over the network connection. In another embodiment, the device identifier may be provided to the server computer  104  during the establishment of the network connection between the equipment interface unit  106  and the server computer  104 . 
     Upon receiving the heart rate measurement data together with the device identifier of the measurement device  102 , the server computer may determine a user account to which store the received heart rate measurement data on the basis of the device identifier. As the device identifier has already been associated with a specific user account, the server computer  104  may use the device identifier as the link between the user account and the heart rate measurement data. In step  218 , the server computer searches for a user account having the same device identifier as the device identifier associated with the heart rate measurement data received in step  216 . Upon discovering the appropriate user account, the server computer stores the received heart rate measurement data to the correct user account in step  218 . 
     The above-described embodiment solves a problem of enabling the equipment interface unit  106  to determine a correct server storing the user account of the user  100 . It also solves a problem of enabling the server to store the heart rate measurement received from the equipment interface unit  106  into a correct user account. It should be noted that the equipment interface unit  106  may be used by different users at different times. 
     According to another point of view, the server computer  104  associates the device identifier of the measurement device  102  with the physiological data and/or user attributes comprised in the user account. The server computer  104  may use this association to process the received measurement data. For example, the server computer  104  may compute energy expenditure from the received heart rate measurement data by using age, weight, and/or gender associated with the measurement device  102  providing the heart rate measurement data. 
     Let us now describe embodiments of the structural and functional elements comprised in the measurement device  102 , equipment interface unit  106 , and the server computer  104  according to some embodiments of the invention with reference to  FIGS. 3 to 6 .  FIG. 3  illustrates a block diagram of the measurement device  102  according to an embodiment of the invention. The measurement device may be a device with no user interface. 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the measurement device  102  comprises an input/output (I/O) circuitry  300  configured to provide the measurement device  102  with communication capability with other device, e.g. the mediating device and/or the equipment interface unit  106 . In an embodiment, the I/O circuitry  300  comprises a wireless communication circuitry configured to operate according to one of the wireless communication protocols listed above, for example. The wireless communication circuitry may be used to transmit at least the device identifier and the measured heart rate measurement data to the equipment interface unit  106  over the wireless connection. In some embodiments, the wireless communication circuitry may be used to receive data and/or operating parameters, e.g. the server&#39;s network address. In other embodiments, the server&#39;s network address may be received over a wired link established between the measurement device  102  and the mediating device, e.g. a universal serial bus (USB) connection. In yet another embodiment, the I/O circuitry  300  has no reception capability. The I/O circuitry  300  may be considered as a communication circuitry handling the transmission and, in some embodiments, reception of information. 
     The measurement device  102  further comprises at least one sensor  304  The sensor  304  may be a heart rate sensor configured to measure the user&#39;s  100  heart rate. The heart rate sensor may measure the heart rate electrically direct from the user&#39;s skin, or it may be an optical heart rate sensor having an optical sensor directed towards the user&#39;s  100  skin. The measurement device  102  may further comprise other sensors, e.g. a motion sensor and/or a stride sensor. The sensor(s)  304  may output raw measurement signals comprising electrical and/or optical heart rate signals to a processor  302  configured to process the received raw measurement signals into the heart rate measurement data. The processor  302  may be configured to carry out signal detection for the received raw measurement signals. With respect to the heart rate signals, the processor  302  may be configured to detect a determined waveform in the received heart rate signals and to output a signal to the I/O circuitry  300  upon detecting the determined waveform. The I/O circuitry  300  may then transmit a wireless signal in response to the input from the processor, and wireless signals transmitted by the I/O circuitry represent the detected heart rate measurement data. Depending on the embodiment, the processor  302  may configure the I/O circuitry  300  to transmit the heart rate measurement data as numeric values, or the processor  302  may configure the I/O circuitry  300  to transmit the wireless signal with the same rate as the processor  302  detects the determined waveform in the raw measurement data. 
     During the establishment of the wireless connection with the equipment interface unit  106 , the I/O circuitry  300  may be configured to transmit the device identifier of the measurement device  102  to the equipment interface unit  106 . In the embodiments where the measurement device  102  receives the server computer&#39;s  104  network address during the registration phase and stores the network address into an address database  324  stored in a memory  322  of the measurement device  102 , the I/O circuitry  300  may be configured to retrieve the network address from the address database  324  and transmit the network address to the equipment interface unit  106  during the connection establishment. In such embodiments, the user credentials may also be stored in the address database  324 , and the I/O circuitry  300  may be configured to transmit the user credentials to the equipment interface unit  106  so that the equipment interface unit  106  may log into the user&#39;s  100  user account for the input of the heart rate measurement data. 
     The memory  320  may further store a computer program code  326  configuring the operation of the processor  302  and, in some embodiments, at least partly the I/O circuitry  300 . 
       FIG. 4  illustrates a block diagram of the server computer  104  according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to  FIG. 4 , the server computer  104  comprises a network interface  402  providing the server computer with a network connection. The network interface  402  may comprise a network adapter providing a connection to the Internet. The server computer  104  further comprises a processor  420  comprising a user account manager circuitry  406 . During the registration phase, the user account manager circuitry  406  may receive the device identifier of the measurement device and store the device identifier in the user&#39;s  100  user account in a user account database  424  stored in a memory unit  422  of the server computer  104 . During the exercise, the user account manager circuitry  406  may receive the device identifier of the measurement device  102  from the equipment interface unit  106  over the network connection and, in some embodiments, the user credentials authenticating the equipment user interface unit  106  to access the user database. Thereafter, the user account manager circuitry  406  may store any measurement data received from the equipment interface unit  106  to the correct user account associated with the received device identifier. In some embodiments, the user account manager circuitry  406  maps the received device identifier with the equipment interface unit  106  and with the correct user account at the beginning of the exercise and, during the exercise, the user account manager  406  needs not to receive the device identifier from the equipment interface unit  106  in connection with all the transmissions. Instead, it may use the mapping between the equipment interface unit  106  and the correct user account carried out at the beginning of the exercise through the received device identifier and store the received measurement data into the correct user account by using an identifier of the equipment interface unit received as a source address in connection with all data transmissions transferred over the network connection. In another embodiment, the equipment interface unit  106  transmits the device identifier of the measurement device  102  in all the transmissions transmitted over the network connection, so the user account manager circuitry  406  needs not to make the additional mapping. As a consequence, the user account manager circuitry  406  may directly use the device identifier comprised in the transmission to determine the correct user account to which to store the measurement data. When the server computer  104  receives several types of measurement data, e.g. heart rate data or different types of heart rate data (heart rate, heart rate variability), speed data, etc., the user account manager  402  may classify the received measurement data and store the measurement data into appropriate classes. 
     In an embodiment, the server computer  104  is configured to carry out real-time computation for the received heart rate measurement data and to return computation results to the equipment interface unit  106  in real-time during the exercise. The computation may be carried out by a heart rate data processor  404 . The real-time requirement may be defined as that the server computer  104  processes the heart rate measurement data into advanced performance data as soon as possible, considering the physical restrictions of the server computer, e.g. processing delay and data transfer delay. As a consequence, the server computer  104  may try to avoid adding any intentional delay to the provision of the advanced performance data. Let us now consider the operation of the server computer in this respect with reference to  FIG. 5 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , the user account manager circuitry  406  receives the device identifier and the heart rate measurement data from the equipment interface unit  106  in block  500 . The user account manager circuitry  406  may store the received heart rate measurement data into the correct user account and, additionally, output the heart rate measurement data to the heart rate data processor  404 . In block  502 , the heart rate data processor  404  computes the advanced performance data from the received heart rate measurement data. 
     The advanced performance data may comprise total energy expenditure during the exercise, energy expenditure rates during the exercise, energy expenditure in metabolic component levels, such as fats, carbohydrates and/or proteins. In an embodiment, fitness parameters (e.g. VO2max value known also as maximal oxygen uptake) are calculated by using the heart rate and/or heart rate variability. In this case, the advanced exercise-related data comprises a fitness parameter. The fitness parameter may be presented in any unit, such as activity unit, from which a fitness parameter may be derived. An example of relating activity and fitness parameter is a Jackson formula, which provides a relationship between the maximum oxygen uptake and estimated physical activity. In an embodiment, a relaxation estimate is calculated by using the heart rate variability or a parameter proportional to the heart rate variability. In this case, the advanced performance data may include a relaxation estimate. The relaxation estimate may also be calculated from the power spectrum of an electrocardiography (ECG) derived from the received heart rate measurement data. In an embodiment of the invention, a relaxation estimate may is obtained from the trend of heart rate value when a person is a in a recovery phase after high-load exercise phase. The relaxation estimate may characterize the physical or mental relaxation of a person. 
     In an embodiment, a training load is calculated on the basis of mechanical stress derived by using the heart rate measurement data and, optionally other measurement data, e.g. motion data and/or pressure information (indicating air/water pressure). The training load characterizes the effect of the training in terms of physical load and the resulting need for recovery. In this case, the advanced performance data may include a training load parameter or an associated recovery need parameter. 
     In an embodiment, user-specific heart rate zones, such as that based on heart rate variability, are calculated by using the heart rate measurement data. 
     In an embodiment, a recovery estimate is calculated by using the heart rate measurement data. In this case, the advanced exercise-related data may comprise a recovery estimate. The recovery estimate is a parameter which characterizes the user&#39;s recovery status. The recovery estimate may be presented by time required for a desired level of recovery. 
     In an embodiment, a dehydration estimate is calculated by using the heart rate measurement data. In this case, the advanced performance data may comprise a dehydration estimate. The dehydration estimate may be presented with the amount of beverage or beverage component, such as water or sodium, required to obtain a desired hydration state. In this embodiment, air temperature data measured by a temperature sensor comprised in the measurement device  102  may be used as an additional input to the computation of the dehydration estimate. 
     Other algorithms known in the field of exercise-related algorithms may be calculated in block  502  as well. Block  502  may also (or alternatively) include comparison of the (processed) measurement data with exercise-guidance parameters stored in the user account as a training program. The current heart rate may be compared with heart rate targets defined for the exercise in the user account. Other measurement data or higher level performance data calculated in block  502  may be compared with corresponding targets stored in the user account so as to determine whether or not the workout follows the predetermined instructions defined in the user account. In these cases, the advanced performance data may comprise indication signals that carry information on the state of the current exercise relative to the predetermined exercise schedule. The indication signal may give rise to audible or visible alarm in the equipment interface unit  106 . 
     In block  504 , the heart rate data processor  404  outputs the computer advanced performance data to the network interface  402 , and the network interface  402  transmits the advanced performance data to the equipment interface unit  106  over the network connection. 
     The memory  422  of the server computer  104  may further store a computer program code  426  configuring the operation of the processor  420  and, in some embodiments, at least partly the network interface  402 . In some embodiments the user account manager circuitry  406  and the heart rate data processor  404  are realized by computer programs carried out by the processor  420 . Accordingly, they may be understood as not to form dedicated physical circuitries but to use at least partly the same physical registers, cache memories, and logic units of the processor  420 . 
       FIG. 6  illustrates a block diagram of the equipment interface unit  106  according to an embodiment of the invention. The equipment interface unit may comprise two communication interfaces: one for the device-to-device connection with the measurement device  102  and one for the network connection with the server computer  104 . The communication interface used for communicating with the measurement device  102  is called a wireless interface  602 . The wireless interface may utilize one of the above-described wireless communication protocols for the device-to-device connection with the measurement device  102  in order to receive the heart rate measurement data, the device identifier of the measurement device  102  and, in some embodiments, the network address of the server computer  104 . If the system and the equipment interface unit  106  use the device identifier to derive the network address of the server computer  104 , the wireless interface  602  may forward the received device identifier to a connection manager circuitry  600  and, additionally, use the device identifier to identify the measurement device  102  in the device-to-device communication according to the applied wireless communication protocol. The connection manager circuitry  600  may then search an address database  624  storing associations between device identifiers and server computers for the network address associated with the measurement device  102 . Upon acquiring the correct network address from the address database  624 , the connection manager instructs a network interface  604  forming the other communication interface of the equipment interface unit  106  to establish a network connection with the server computer  104  having the acquired network address. The connection manager circuitry  600  may then map the device-to-device connection between the wireless interface  602  and the measurement device  102  with the network connection between the network interface  604  and the server computer  104 . 
     If the system and the equipment interface unit  106  use the network address provided by the measurement device  102  to derive the network address of the server computer  104 , the wireless interface  602  may forward the received device identifier to the connection manager circuitry  600  and use the device identifier only to identify the measurement device  102  in the device-to-device communication according to the applied wireless communication protocol. The connection manager circuitry  600  may then instruct the network interface  604  to establish the network connection with the server computer  104  having the network address received from the measurement device  102 . The connection manager circuitry  600  may then map the device-to-device connection between the wireless interface  602  and the measurement device  102  with the network connection between the network interface  604  and the server computer  104 . 
     Upon receiving the heart rate measurement data from the wireless interface  602 , the connection manager circuitry  600  may forward the received heart rate measurement data to the network interface  604  or instruct the wireless interface  602  to forward the heart rate measurement data directly to the network interface. If the wireless interface  602  and/or the network interface operates multiple connections simultaneously, the connection manager circuitry  600  may use the mapping to keep the connections of the wireless interface  602  linked with correct network connections operated by the network interface  604 . 
     The wireless interface  602  or the connection manager circuitry  600  may apply the received heart rate measurement data additionally to a processing circuitry  610  configured to process the received heart rate measurement data and compute, for example, the heart rate of the user  100 . The heart rate measurement data may comprise heart rate intervals that may or may not be averaged over a few heart rate intervals, e.g. five or less intervals, in the measurement device  102 . The processing circuitry  610  may then output the computed heart rate to a user interface  612  for display to the user  100 . Similarly, the processing circuitry may process other physiological measurement data received through the wireless interface  602  and/or measured internally in the equipment interface unit  106 , e.g. by at least one sensor  614  comprised in the equipment measurement unit. The sensor(s)  614  provided (optionally) in the equipment measurement unit  106  may be fixed or attached to the training device  108 , and they may comprise at least one of the following: a grip sensor provided in a grip bar etc. and configured to measure physiological data from user&#39;s  100  hand(s) gripping the sensor, a cyclometer or a cadence sensor provided in a training bicycle, etc. 
     In the embodiments where the equipment interface unit  106  measures the physiological parameters of the user  100  by using the internal sensor(s)  614  in addition to receiving the measurement data from the external measurement device  102 , the processing circuitry may apply the internally acquired measurement data to the connection manager circuitry  600 , and the connection manager circuitry  600  may configure the network interface  604  to transmit the internal measurement data to the server computer  104  together with the heart rate measurement data received by the wireless interface  602 . As a consequence, the connection manager circuitry  600  may map the internal measurement data to the same network connection used for transferring the measurement data acquired from the measurement device  102 . 
     The user interface  612  may comprise a display screen, a loudspeaker, and/or an input device in the form of one or more buttons or switches, keypad etc. In some embodiments, the hardware user interface  612  is omitted. 
     A memory  622  of the equipment interface unit  106  may store the address database  624  and a computer program code  626  configuring the operation of the connection manager circuitry  600 , the processing circuitry  610  and, in some embodiments, at least partly the user interface  612 , the network interface  604  and the wireless interface  602 . 
     The equipment interface unit  106  may be provided in the training device  108 , or it may be a data router, e.g. a wireless access point. In the latter embodiment, the processing circuitry  610 , sensor(s)  614 , and the user interface may be omitted from the equipment interface unit  106 . The user interface unit may be provided indirectly through computer connected with the data router over a web interface. 
     As used in this application, the term ‘circuitry’ refers to all of the following: (a) hardware-only circuit implementations such as implementations in only analog and/or digital circuitry; (b) combinations of circuits and software and/or firmware, such as (as applicable): (i) a combination of processor(s) or processor cores; or (ii) portions of processor(s)/software including digital signal processor(s), software, and at least one memory that work together to cause an apparatus to perform specific functions; and (c) circuits, such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that require software or firmware for operation, even if the software or firmware is not physically present. 
     This definition of ‘circuitry’ applies to all uses of this term in this application. As a further example, as used in this application, the term “circuitry” would also cover an implementation of merely a processor (or multiple processors) or portion of a processor, e.g. one core of a multi-core processor, and its (or their) accompanying software and/or firmware. The term “circuitry” would also cover, for example and if applicable to the particular element, a baseband integrated circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and/or a field-programmable grid array (FPGA) circuit for the apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. 
     The processes or methods described in  FIGS. 2 and 5  may also be carried out in the form of a computer process defined by a computer program. The computer program may be in source code form, object code form, or in some intermediate form, and it may be stored in some sort of carrier, which may be any entity or device capable of carrying the program. Such carriers include transitory and/or non-transitory computer media, e.g. a record medium, computer memory, read-only memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunications signal, and software distribution package. Depending on the processing power needed, the computer program may be executed in a single electronic digital processing unit or it may be distributed amongst a number of processing units. 
     Embodiments of the present invention are applicable to training monitoring systems. The protocols used, e.g. the communication protocols, develop constantly and such development may require extra changes to the described embodiments. Therefore, all words and expressions should be interpreted broadly and they are intended to illustrate, not to restrict, the embodiment. It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.