Patent Publication Number: US-2003233414-A1

Title: Digital transmitting from remote capture

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001] The present invention relates generally to peripheral devices, and more particularly to a digital transmitter device to scan and send an image along with instructions to a network device to transmit the image to an electronic address designated by the digital transmitter device.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002] Many peripherals to computer networks include a scanner component. One example of such a peripheral is an “All-in-one”, also known as a multifunction peripheral (MFP) in that it has the capability to perform the multiple functions of scanning hardcopy documents, copying, and printing. Another example is a digital network copier that scans in documents from an automatic document feeder, does high volume copying, and has the capabilities of binding, collating, folding, stacking, stapling, stitching, edge-trimming, paginating, and printing on substrates of varied composition. Each of these peripherals, when in communication with an interconnecting network, can also be described as being a digital transmitter device. A digital transmitter device is an appliance that has an input device (e.g. a keyboard), a display, and a scanner. The digital transmitter device need not have a printer. A digital camera is a type of digital transmitter device, but in comparison to the foregoing, it is not as useful for handling documents and typically lacks the resolution and ability to rapidly and repetitively transfer information after scanning to a repository.  
       [0003] In an exemplary digital transmitting operation, a hardcopy of a document or other physical object can be presented to the scanner portion of a digital transmitter device. After scanning, the digital transmitter device transforms the scanned image into a digital representation that is then saved in a data format, such as in a bit map data format or in a Portable Document Format (PDF). Electronic messaging can be used to send an electronic mail (e-mail) message from the digital transmitter device with an attachment of the digitized representation in the data format. The e-mail message can be sent to recipients over the interconnecting network, where the recipients have an e-mail address that a user manually enters at the digital transmitter device or that a user specifies using a predefined defined list of recipient e-mail addresses that can be stored in a memory of the digital transmitter device.  
       [0004] Digital transmitter devices today are considered fixed devices that are tethered to a power supply and may also be tethered to an interconnected network. As such, a hardcopy of a document or other physical object must be brought to the scanner portion of the digital transmitter device before an image thereof can be captured and subsequently transmitted to an e-mail address on the interconnected network. It would be beneficial to minimize the transportation requirements for the hardcopy of the document or other physical objects that are condition precedent to the capture and transmission of image thereof to an e-mail address. Consequently, there is a need for improved methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs that can provide such a capability.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0005] The above-stated needs and/or others are met, for example, by methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs that use a scanner to capture and send an image along with instructions to a network device to transmit to the image to an electronic address designated by the scanner that includes an address of a network resource and a destination location thereat.  
       [0006] These and other features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth hereinafter. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
     [0007] A more complete understanding of the various methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs of the present invention may be had by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein the same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like components and features, and wherein:  
     [0008]FIG. 1 a  is a block diagram, according to an embodiment of the present invention, depicting a computing and communication environment having digital transmitter devices in a system environment suitable for providing local access to the digital transmitter devices.  
     [0009]FIG. 1 b  illustrates various digital transmitter devices that provide local access for input thereto according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
     [0010]FIG. 2 is a block diagram, according to an embodiment of the present invention, illustrating a digital transmitter device in communication with a network device through a wired or wireless link, where the network device is in communication through an interconnecting network to an electronic mail (e-mail) server.  
     [0011]FIG. 3 illustrates an example of menu pages that might be displayed on a touch sensitive menu screen of a digital transmitter device and transition sequences among the menu pages, according to an embodiment of the present invention.  
     [0012]FIG. 4 is a flow diagram, according to an embodiment of the present invention, depicting a method for use in a computing and communication environment having a digital transmitter device in a system as in FIG. 1, for example, in accordance with certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
     [0013] The methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs described herein, according to various embodiments of the present invention, relate to the transmission of message data in an electronic mail (e-mail) from a digital transmitter device to a specific e-mail address. The message data includes an image that is captured by the digital transmitter device using a scanning mechanism. The message data also includes a designated e-mail address and instructions. The instructions direct a network device to transmit the captured image over a network to the designated e-mail address. The digital transmitter device then transmits the message data to the network device by a link that can be either wired or wireless. The network device is in communication with an e-mail server for the designated e-mail address through an interconnected network. Once the network device receives the message data, it follows the instructions therein to transmit the captured image to the designated e-mail address associated with the e-mail server. Typically, the network device opens a connection with the e-mail server for the designated e-mail address, then addresses the message data using the designated e-mail address, and transmits the message data to the e-mail address at the e-mail server.  
     [0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the digital transmitter device can include an input device that a user can use to input the designated e-mail address or to select the designated e-mail address from among a list of e-mail addresses stored in the digital transmitter device. The input device can be a keyboard, a touch sensitive menu screen, or other conventional input mechanism. A display, such as a touch sensitive menu screen, can display a menu page having selectable menu items. These menu items can include a menu item to input the designated e-mail address using the input device, and a menu item to perform a scan function using the scanning mechanism. It is preferred that the digital transmitter device include a processor for execution of respective programs associated with each selected menu item, where the selection of one of the menu items initiates the execution of a respective program by the processor. When the scanning menu item is selected, the digital transmitter device captures an image with the scanning mechanism by optically scanning an object to form corresponding scanned object data. The digital transmitter device can form in message data both the designated e-mail address and the scanned object data for subsequent transmission as described above. The subsequent transmission from the digital transmitter device to the network device can be over a channel that is established by a wireless or a wired link.  
     Exemplary System for Configuration of a Digital Transmitter Device  
     [0015]FIG. 1 a  illustrates an example of a system environment  100  suitable for implementing an embodiment of the present invention. The system environment  100  contemplates local access to one or more digital transmitter devices  102 - 1  through  102 -N. The local access can be provided through an input device, such as a touch sensitive menu screen, on each digital transmitter device  102 . A user accesses the input device for the purpose of entering commands and a desired e-mail address. Each digital transmitter device  102  is in communication with a network device, such as a host computer  106  through the wired or wireless link  104 . Host computer  106  is in communication with one or more e-mail servers  110  through an interconnected network  108 .  
     [0016] Digital transmitter devices  102 - 1  through  102 -N generally include peripheral devices and stand-alone devices. Peripheral devices include devices such as printers, scanners, copiers, and fax machines, or multifunction peripheral (MFP) devices that combine two or more peripheral devices into a single device. Stand-alone devices include certain peripheral devices that often function while uncoupled or isolated from other devices. Digital transmitter devices  102  therefore include devices such as copiers, scanners and fax machines like those shown in FIG. 1 b , discussed below.  
     [0017] Digital transmitter devices  102  are generally distinguishable from devices such as laptop PCs (personal computers) and pocket PCs by their limited purpose and limited user interface or input/output capabilities. For example, a typical user interface for a digital transmitter device  102  includes a front menu panel with limited screen space and a limited number of buttons. In addition, a digital transmitter device  102  is typically oriented toward performing one general task such as scanning. By contrast, devices such as laptop and pocket PCs often provide multiple and varied means of input/output such as a full screen display, a QWERTY keyboard, a trackball mouse, speakers, microphones, PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) slots, portable media drives and the like. These devices are capable of performing multiple functions through executing various software applications such as word processing applications, spreadsheet applications, financial applications, network browsers and network messaging applications.  
     [0018] Interconnecting network  108  is representative of one or more communication links, either wired or wireless, that are capable of carrying data between host computer  106  and other network resources in communication with interconnecting network  108 . In certain exemplary implementations, interconnecting network  108  includes a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), an intranet, the Internet, or other similar network. E-mail servers  110 , as seen in FIG. 1 a , are typically coupled to interconnecting network  108  through a network connection.  
     [0019]FIG. 1 b  shows a variety of digital transmitter devices that can be in communication with host computer  106  through a wired or wireless link. The digital transmitter devices shown in FIG. 1 b  include a camera  105  which it intended to also represent a type of portable hand held scanner. Also shown are various multifunction peripherals (MFPs)  114 ,  116 ,  118 , and  122 , a facsimile machine  120 , a desk top scanner  124 , and a high volume copier  116  that includes the capabilities of printing on substrates of varied composition, binding, collating, folding, stacking, stapling, stitching, edge-trimming, and paginating. Each digital transmitter device  105  and  112 - 126  has an input device to receive an e-mail address. Each digital transmitter device  105  and  112 - 126  also has an imaging or scanning mechanism to receive an image of an object. The input e-mail address and the image of the object can then be sent from each digital transmitter device  105  and  112 - 126  to host computer  106  through the wired or wireless link  104 .  
     [0020] The user of digital transmitter device  102  can transmit message data from digital transmitter device  102  to host computer  106  by the wired or wireless link  104 . A wireless transmission to host computer  106  can be through an Infrared (IR) data connection or other wireless data connections such as the Blue Tooth protocol. A wired link can be performed through a USB data connection, a serial port connection, a parallel port connection or via other known data transmission standards and modes. As such, digital transmitter device  102  can transmit to host computer  106  by one or both a wireless or wired link. By way of example, digital transmitter device  102  can include the capabilities of a cordless handset telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a portable computer, a pager, a watch and the like, any of which is also capable of transmitting data in a wireless manner.  
     [0021] Digital transmitter device  102  typically includes a transmit port. The transmit port enables a relay of data through the wired or wireless link  104  directly to host computer  106 . The wired or wireless link  104  may be made through standard RS232 cable and/or radio frequency (RF) link. The wired or wireless link  104  may also be implemented through the use of infra-red (IR) data ports. Link  104  between digital transmitter device  102  and host computer  106  may also be made through a Universal Serial Bus (USB) or “Fire Wire”™ wire connection there between.  
     Exemplary Embodiment of an Apparatus for Implementing Configuration of the Same  
     [0022] The system  100  of FIG. 2 includes digital transmitter device  102  as a peripheral device coupled by a wired or wireless link  104  to a host computer  106 . Host computer  106  is coupled through an interconnecting network  108  to one or more e-mail servers  110 . As such, FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the system  100  of FIG. 1 in greater detail. In accordance with still other aspects of the present invention, digital transmitter device  102  may be included within a multiple function peripheral (MFP) device. As its name implies, the MFP device is configured to provide multiple functions. In this example, the functions provided by the MFP device include those provided by digital transmitter device  102  and a printer device  228 . Consequently, the user of digital transmitter device  102  may also print out a hardcopy of any applicable portions of data stored or otherwise acquired by digital transmitter device  102 .  
     [0023] In general, digital transmitter device  102  includes a controller  200  to execute a program so as to transform data received from interconnecting network  108  via host computer  106  to a driver format suitable for printing with integral printer device  228 , such as a mark up language format (e.g. SMGL, HTML, or XML), or such as a job language format (e.g. PCL or postscript). Printer device  228  can have the capability of converting the host data and then outputting it onto an appropriate print media, such as paper, transparencies or glossy photo paper.  
     [0024] Digital transmitter device  102  includes one or more CPUs  202  each of which is operatively coupled to a memory  204 , and a user interface that includes an input device. Preferably, the input device will be locally accessible at digital transmitter device  102 . By way of example, the input device can be a touch sensitive menu screen  226 . Digital transmitter device  102  also includes a scanning mechanism  224  and at least one communication port for interfacing with the interconnecting network  108 . When included in an MFP device, CPU(s)  202  would also be operatively coupled to printer device  228 , for example. CPU(s)  202  is representative of any hardware, firmware and/or software that is configured to perform certain functions associated with the operation of digital transmitter device  102 . Hence, as those skilled in the art will recognize, CPU(s)  202  may include dedicated logic and/or one or more processors configured in accord with software instructions, for example.  
     [0025] Memory  204  is representative of any type of data storage mechanism that can be accessed by at least CPU(s)  202 . Memory  204  may therefore include, for example, some form of random access memory (RAM); some form of read only memory (ROM), and/or other like solid-state data storage mechanism. Memory  204  may include a magnetic and/or optical data storage mechanism. Scanning mechanism  224  is representative of any optical scanner technology that may be employed to produce scanned object data upon scanning an object. Such scanning technologies are well known. The resulting scanned object data is provided to CPU  202  and/or stored in memory  204 .  
     [0026] Controller  200  of digital transmitter device  102  can process data from host computer  106 . The controller  200  typically includes data processing unit or CPU  202 , a volatile memory  220  (i.e., RAM), and a non-volatile memory  204  (e.g., ROM, Flash). Digital transmitter device  102  also includes a device engine  222 . The touch sensitive menu screen  226  acts as a local user interface for digital transmitter device  102  by displaying menu pages and accepting user input based on selectable menu items displayed on the menu pages. The touch sensitive menu screen  226  can be used to display a menu page that asks for and receives the input of an e-mail address to which to image data that is scanned with scanning mechanism  224  is to be transmitted via link  104  to host computer  106 .  
     [0027] Controller  200  processes host data and manage device functions by controlling device engine  222  and by responding to input from touch sensitive menu screen  226 . Controller  200  includes device driver software in a device server  212  that is stored in memory  204  and executed on CPU(s)  202 . Memory  204  also includes a server module  214  configured to serve menu documents  216  to the touch sensitive menu screen  226 . The server module  214  is a local server in the sense that it is present within the same digital transmitter device  102  to which it serves menu documents  216 .  
     [0028] Menu documents  216  are interpreted by the server module  214  and are configured to display textual and graphical information as menu pages on the touch sensitive menu screen  226 . Menu documents  216  driving the menu pages can include script code that is associated with graphical keys. The term “script code” is intended herein to mean any one of a variety of different code types. Various kinds of code are contemplated. By way of example, the code can be implemented in embedded script code, in firmware, in a native code such as C++ code, or can be JAVA script. The code can be written in JavaScript code that is interpreted and executed on a Java Virtual Machine (JVM). The code can also be written in other script code languages such as VBScript or Perl.  
     [0029] Selecting a menu item by pressing a graphical key on the touch sensitive menu screen  226  triggers an event which causes a “virtual machine”  218  to interpret and execute the script code associated with the selected graphical key. The virtual machine  218  is a software module stored in memory  204  that executes on CPU(s)  202  to interpret and execute script code. The script code associated with selectable menu items (i.e., graphical keys or buttons). One menu item is configured to perform the task of initiating a scan of an image using scanning mechanism  224 . Another menu item is configured to perform the task of receiving input of a specific e-mail address from which e-mail message data is to sent to host computer  106  via link  104 , and then from host computer  106  to a third party e-mail service  110  via interconnected network  108  as seen in FIG. 2. Still another menu item is configured to perform the task of initiating a retrieval of an e-mail address that was previously stored in an e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206 . Server module  214  on digital transmitter device  102  acts as a remote server to the host computer  106 , such as by serving data via link  104  that has been previously stored in an e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206 . The e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206  contains e-mail address information that can be requested to be displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 . When the e-mail address information is retrieved from e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206 , the user select a displays e-mail address to transmission over wired and/or wireless link  104  to host computer  106 . Alternatively, the user can directly enter a specific e-mail address into the digital transmitter device  102  using touch sensitive menu screen  226 . Controller  200  executes processes resident in a communicative link interface module  208  for transmission over wired and/or wireless link  104  to host computer  106 .  
     [0030] When a user enters a command displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226  to start a scanning operation, the user places a set of documents into a sheet feeder device associated with digital transmitter device  102 . The sheet feeder device then physically feeds each sheet in the set of documents to scanning mechanism  224 . CPU  202  then generates a bit map or other output that is a digital representation of the scanned documents. For example, the scanned object data may be included in the e-mail message data as an attached file. The scanned object data may include Portable Document Format (PDF) formatted data, graphic image file format (GIFF) formatted data, tagged image file format (TIFF) formatted data, Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) formatted data, bit-map formatted data, optical character recognition (OCR) related data, American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) formatted data, and/or other forms of encoded data, including, e.g., encrypted data, etc.  
     [0031] When the user enters a command displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226  to enter or retrieve an e-mail address, digital transmitter device  102  coordinates the input of the e-mail address. Controller  200  then executes a user message compositing module  210  that assemblies message data. The message data so assembled by the user message compositing module  210  includes the e-mail address input or otherwise designated by the user, the bit map or other output that is a digital representation of the scanned documents, instructions for host computer  106  to send all or a portion of the message data to the e-mail address, and can also include any message text entered by the user upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 . The message data is then sent by wired and/or wireless link  104  to host computer  106 .  
     [0032] CPU(s)  202  is configured to perform the operations described above using various executable modules of memory  204 . The e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206 , the communicative link interface module  208 , and the user message compositing module  210  can each be implemented in software or firmware.  
     [0033] In one embodiment of the invention, e-mail address storage/retrieval module  206  receives input of an e-mail address from a user at touch sensitive menu screen  226  or retrieves a list of stored e-mail addresses. The list of e-mail addresses are displayed on touch sensitive menu screen  226  in a hierarchical list. The list can be sorted alphanumerically. The user can either select from among the displayed e-mail addresses or input the characters of a specific e-mail address using a ‘drill-down’ function of the menu, as discussed below with respect to FIG. 3. The drill-down menu format and the displayed list of retrieved e-mail addresses assist the user in locating one or just a few email addresses of interest.  
     [0034] An example of a ‘drill-down’ function on a displayed menu, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, is now discussed with respect to FIG. 3. A menu screen  302  is displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226  of digital transmitter device  102 . Menu screen  302  shows various options to be selected by a user of digital transmitter device  102 . When the user selects option “1”, digital transmitter device  102  activates scanning mechanism  224  to scan in documents as discussed above. When the user selected option “3”, menu screen  304  is displays and receives input from the user directly entering each character of a desired e-mail address using virtual buttons displayed upon menu screens  304 - 306 .  
     [0035] After menu screen  302 , menu screen  304  is displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226  of digital transmitter device  102 . Menu screen  304  shows a practical example of a user selecting characters for a desired e-mail address. Menu screen  304  is presented by script code executing in CPU(s)  202  that allows the user to see alphabetic and symbolic characters by depressing virtual buttons  1004  to move forward and backward through a displayed hierarchical list of available alphabetic and symbolic characters. Script code executes in CPU(s)  202  to enable a user to select a displayed character by depressing virtual button  1006 . The user can select a sequence of characters by depressing virtual buttons  1004  to thereby move forward and backward through the sequence of characters. Alphabetic and symbolic sequences of characters can be selected by the user on menu screen  302 . By depressing virtual button  1006 , the user can select a particular sequence of characters that is displayed. Menu screen  304  shows that a user has entered a partial e-mail address “SHENRY@URL.C”.  
     [0036] As seen in menu screen  306 , the sequence of characters ‘M-P’ has been selected by the user by depressing virtual button  1006 . The user then select one character of characters M-P by depressing virtual buttons  1004  to thereby move forward and backward through the characters M-P. Menu screen  306  shows that the characters “O” and “M” where selected from the characters M-P so as to complete the desired e-mail address “SHENRY@URL.COM”. Then, when virtual button  1006  is depressed on menu screen  306 , the user sees a transition back to menu screen  302  where the user can enter another command as discussed above. Digital transmitter device  102  then assembles message data to be sent to host computer  106  through link  104  along with instructions to host computer  106  to transmit the message data over interconnected network  108  to the e-mail address that was selected or otherwise entered by the user, as discussed above. Other virtual buttons on the touch sensitive menu screen  226  are also contemplated in order to provide for the initiation of other or additional functions by the user, such as an item virtual item button  1008  seen in FIG. 3.  
     Exemplary Embodiment of Digital Transmitting From Remote Capture  
     [0037] With this in mind, CPU(s)  202  can be configured to perform the operations described above. By way of further example, a flow diagram is depicted in FIG. 4 to illustrate certain exemplary functions that can be performed using CPU  202  and the other resources in digital transmitter device  102 . Here, a process  400  is provided.  
     [0038] In step  402 , digital transmitter device  102  displays a prompt upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 . In order to display the prompt, it is preferably that the server module  214  of memory  204  in digital transmitter device  102  serves a menu page that is stored in menu documents  216  to CPU  202  for execution of script code. The script code being executed by CPU  202  effects a function to be performed by digital transmitter device  202 , such as receiving input from a user that is entered upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 , or the initiation of a function by the user depressing a function related virtual button that is displayed upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 . The script code will preferably be executed in conjunction with an interpretation of the menu page. Note that in certain implementations, the menu page can be directly interpreted by script code executing on CPU  202  without any prior storage in menu documents  216  or use of server module  214  in digital transmitter device  102 . The prompt on the menu screen  302  at step  402  solicits input from a user of a command, as discussed above with respect to FIG. 3. At step  404 , the user has selected the scanning command whereby the scanning mechanism  224  scans in documents and captures images therefrom at step  406 . At step  408 , the user has selected the option to input an e-mail address whereby digital transmitter device  102  then prompts and receives input of an e-mail address from the user on menu screen  304  seen in FIG. 3. At step  410 , message data is assembled by controller  200  executing user message compositing module  210 . The message data so assembled by the user message compositing module  210  includes the e-mail address input or otherwise designated by the user, the bit map or other output that is a digital representation of the scanned documents captured by scanning mechanism  224 , instructions for host computer  106  to send all or a portion of the message data to the e-mail address, and can also include any message text entered by the user upon touch sensitive menu screen  226 . At step  412 , controller  200  executes processes resident in a communicative link interface module  208  for transmission of the assembled message data over wired and/or wireless link  104  to host computer  106 .  
     [0039] At step  414 , host computer  106  addresses the message data to the e-mail address as per instructions received from digital transmitter device  102 . Alternatively, a default e-mail address can be used in which case no input is required from the user, such as where a digital transmitter device is dedicated to digital transmitting to one particular e-mail mail address. At step  416 , host computer  106  opens a dialog via interconnected network  108  with an e-mail server associated with the e-mail address so designated. At step  418 , host computer  106  transmits some or all of the message data to third party e-mail server  110  over interconnected network  108 . Thus, process  400  can be accomplished without digital transmitter device  102  ever having to log on to interconnected network  108 , or to be a network device.  
     [0040] In an embodiment of the present invention, a digital transmitter device has IR transmission capabilities and a small or otherwise portable scan head to scan in text or other images. A user of the digital transmitter device could then use the digital transmitter device portably and scan in a collection of documents remotely for storage at the digital transmitter device. At a later time, the user could input or otherwise specific an e-mail address to which the scanned documents are to be sent. At a still later time, such as when the digital transmitter device is in range with an IR network with the host computer, the user can digitally send the captured images in message data over an IR link to the host computer. The message data sent from the digital transmitter device would also include instructions to the host computer to e-mail message the scanned images in the message data to the designated e-mail address.  
     [0041] Accordingly, methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs are provided that allow for the digital transmitting of documents that were remotely captured to an e-mail address, where the transmission to the e-mail address is performed by a network device other than the digital transmitter device. Embodiments of the present invention minimize requirements for the host computer because a digital transmitter device is separately used to scan images that the digital transmitter device puts into a file with a designated e-mail address. Once the digital transmitter device links to the host computer, the file is sent to the host computer. The host computer is in communication with an interconnected network so that it can then connect to a corresponding e-mail service and send an e-mail message with the scanned documents in an attached file, where the e-mail message is sent to the e-mail address designated by the digital transmitter device. As such, the host computer is used for little because the digital transmitter device performs most of the task to address and prepare the message data for sending to the e-mail address.  
     [0042] The foregoing Detailed Description has set forth an example of transmitting an email message from a digital transmitter device. Embodiments of the present invention contemplate other types of data that can also be addressed and transmitted from a digital transmitter device to an electronic address, including those now known and those yet to be developed. As such, and in addition to an e-mail message transmission, embodiments of the present invention include a transmission from a digital sender device to an electronic address that includes an address of a network resource on a network and a destination location thereat. By of example, and not by way of limitation, the electronic address can be a file folder address at a server on a network and can also be a Web site address at a server on a network.  
     [0043] Thus, although some preferred embodiments of the various methods, apparatuses, systems, and programs of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying Drawings and described in the foregoing Detailed Description, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the exemplary implementations disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth and defined by the following claims.