Patent Publication Number: US-2023133501-A1

Title: Electronic device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/128,162, filed on Dec. 20, 2020, which claims priority from and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0018620, filed on Feb. 14, 2020, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0050006, filed on Apr. 24, 2020, which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Field 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate generally to a foldable electronic device. 
     Discussion of the Background 
     An electronic device typically includes an active area that is activated according to an electrical signal. The electronic device detects an input that is applied from the outside through the active area and simultaneously displays various images to provide information to a user. In recent years, as electronic devices having various shapes have been developed, active areas having various shapes have been used. 
     The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for understanding of the background of the inventive concepts, and, therefore, it may contain information that does not constitute prior art. 
     SUMMARY 
     Devices constructed according to exemplary embodiments of the invention are capable of providing an electronic device in which an active area is expanded in area. 
     Devices constructed according to exemplary embodiments of the invention are also capable of providing an electronic device having improved product reliability. 
     Additional features of the inventive concepts will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the inventive concepts. 
     One or more exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts provide an electronic device including: a display panel; a cushion member disposed below the display panel; an electronic module inserted into a hole defined by the display panel and the cushion member; and a light blocking pattern disposed on the electronic module with the display panel therebetween, wherein the electronic module is spaced apart from a sidewall configured to define the hole in a first state in which the display panel and the cushion member are folded and a second state in which the display panel and the cushion member are unfolded. 
     In an embodiment, the light blocking pattern may be spaced apart from a viewing angle area of the electronic module in the first state and the second state. 
     In an embodiment, the hole may include a first hole portion defined in the display panel and a second hole portion defined in the cushion member, and the second hole portion may have a width greater than that of the first hole portion. 
     In an embodiment, when viewed on a plane, the light blocking pattern may overlap a sidewall of the display panel, which defines the first hole portion. 
     In an embodiment, when viewed on a plane, a sidewall of the cushion member, which defines the second hole portion, may surround the light blocking pattern. 
     In an embodiment, a sidewall of the cushion member, which defines the second hole portion, may not overlap the light blocking pattern. 
     In an embodiment, a plate may be disposed below the cushion member, wherein a third hole portion having a width greater than that of the first hole portion and less than that of the second hole portion may be defined in the plate, and the first hole portion, the second hole portion, and the third hole portion may overlap each other to define the hole. 
     In an embodiment, the light blocking pattern may have a ring shape with an inner diameter and an outer diameter surrounding the inner diameter, and the inner diameter may be less than the first hole portion, and the outer diameter may be greater than the first hole portion. 
     In an embodiment, a first distance between the inner diameter and an edge of the display panel, which defines the first hole portion, may be different from a second distance between the outer diameter and the edge of the display panel, which defines the first hole portion. 
     In an embodiment, the first distance may be greater than the second distance. 
     In an embodiment, each of the first distance and the second distance may be determined based on component tolerances, equipment tolerances, and folding tolerances. 
     In an embodiment, the electronic device may include an impact absorbing layer disposed on the display panel and a hard coating layer disposed between the impact absorbing layer and the display panel, wherein a portion of the hard coating layer may be exposed through the hole. 
     In an embodiment, the impact absorbing layer may include a stretched film of which an optical axis is controlled. 
     In an embodiment, the electronic device may include a window disposed on the light blocking pattern and a protective layer disposed on the window, wherein a sidewall of the protective layer may further protrude from a sidewall of the window. 
     In an embodiment, a distance between the window and the electronic module may be about 60% or more of total sum of thicknesses of components, each of which has a modulus equal to or less than a reference modulus, among components in which the hole is defined. 
     In an embodiment, the reference modulus may be about 50 MPa or less. 
     One or more exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts provides an electronic device that includes: a display panel; an electronic module disposed to overlap a hole defined in the display panel; and a light blocking pattern having a ring shape disposed on the electronic module with the display panel therebetween and having an inner diameter and an outer diameter surrounding the inner diameter, wherein a first distance between the inner diameter and an edge of the display panel, which defines the hole, is different from a second distance between the outer diameter and the edge of the display panel, which defines the hole. 
     In an embodiment, the first distance may be greater than the second distance. 
     In an embodiment, each of the first distance and the second distance may be determined based on component tolerances, equipment tolerances, and folding tolerances. 
     In an embodiment, in a first state, in which the display panel is folded, and a second state, in which the display panel is unfolded, the electronic module may be spaced apart from the edge of the display panel. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the inventive concepts, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate example embodiments of the inventive concepts and, together with the description, serve to explain principles of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  1 A  is a perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  1 B  is a perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device, taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1 A , according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  3 A  is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  3 B  is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  4    is an exploded perspective view illustrating a portion of constituents of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  5    is a rear view illustrating a portion of constituents of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-If of  FIG.  1 A  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  7    is a plan view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view taken along line of  FIG.  1 A  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  9 A  is a perspective view illustrating an operation of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  9 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV′ of  FIG.  9 A ; 
         FIG.  10 A  is a perspective view illustrating an operation of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
         FIG.  10 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V′ of  FIG.  10 A . 
         FIG.  11    is a cross-sectional view for explaining design dimensions of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various exemplary embodiments or implementations of the invention. As used herein “embodiments” and “implementations” are interchangeable words that are non-limiting examples of devices or methods employing one or more of the inventive concepts disclosed herein. It is apparent, however, that various exemplary embodiments may be practiced without these specific details or with one or more equivalent arrangements. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring various exemplary embodiments. Further, various exemplary embodiments may be different, but do not have to be exclusive. For example, specific shapes, configurations, and characteristics of an exemplary embodiment may be used or implemented in another exemplary embodiment without departing from the inventive concepts. 
     Unless otherwise specified, the illustrated exemplary embodiments are to be understood as providing exemplary features of varying detail of some ways in which the inventive concepts may be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features, components, modules, layers, films, panels, regions, and/or aspects, etc. (hereinafter individually or collectively referred to as “elements”), of the various embodiments may be otherwise combined, separated, interchanged, and/or rearranged without departing from the inventive concepts. 
     The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally provided to clarify boundaries between adjacent elements. As such, neither the presence nor the absence of cross-hatching or shading conveys or indicates any preference or requirement for particular materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between illustrated elements, and/or any other characteristic, attribute, property, etc., of the elements, unless specified. Further, in the accompanying drawings, the size and relative sizes of elements may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. When an exemplary embodiment may be implemented differently, a specific process order may be performed differently from the described order. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially at the same time or performed in an order opposite to the described order. Also, like reference numerals denote like elements. 
     When an element, such as a layer, is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer or intervening elements or layers may be present. When, however, an element or layer is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. To this end, the term “connected” may refer to physical, electrical, and/or fluid connection, with or without intervening elements. Further, the DR1-axis, the DR2-axis, and the DR3-axis are not limited to three axes of a rectangular coordinate system, such as the x, y, and z-axes, and may be interpreted in a broader sense. For example, the DR1-axis, the DR2-axis, and the DR3-axis may be perpendicular to one another, or may represent different directions that are not perpendicular to one another. For the purposes of this disclosure, “at least one of X, Y, and Z” and “at least one selected from the group consisting of X, Y, and Z” may be construed as X only, Y only, Z only, or any combination of two or more of X, Y, and Z, such as, for instance, XYZ, XYY, YZ, and ZZ. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. 
     Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various types of elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another element. Thus, a first element discussed below could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the disclosure. 
     Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” “over,” “higher,” “side” (e.g., as in “sidewall”), and the like, may be used herein for descriptive purposes, and, thereby, to describe one elements relationship to another element(s) as illustrated in the drawings. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an apparatus in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the apparatus in the drawings is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. Furthermore, the apparatus may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and, as such, the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. As used herein, “viewed on a plane” refers to a plan view from a direction normal to recited layers and/or substrates. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms, “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Moreover, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms, are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and, as such, are utilized to account for inherent deviations in measured, calculated, and/or provided values that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art. 
     Various exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to sectional and/or exploded illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized exemplary embodiments and/or intermediate structures. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, exemplary embodiments disclosed herein should not necessarily be construed as limited to the particular illustrated shapes of regions, but are to include deviations in shapes that result from, for instance, manufacturing. In this manner, regions illustrated in the drawings may be schematic in nature and the shapes of these regions may not reflect actual shapes of regions of a device and, as such, are not necessarily intended to be limiting. 
     As customary in the field, some exemplary embodiments are described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in terms of functional blocks, units, and/or modules. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that these blocks, units, and/or modules are physically implemented by electronic (or optical) circuits, such as logic circuits, discrete components, microprocessors, hard-wired circuits, memory elements, wiring connections, and the like, which may be formed using semiconductor-based fabrication techniques or other manufacturing technologies. In the case of the blocks, units, and/or modules being implemented by microprocessors or other similar hardware, they may be programmed and controlled using software (e.g., microcode) to perform various functions discussed herein and may optionally be driven by firmware and/or software. It is also contemplated that each block, unit, and/or module may be implemented by dedicated hardware, or as a combination of dedicated hardware to perform some functions and a processor (e.g., one or more programmed microprocessors and associated circuitry) to perform other functions. Also, each block, unit, and/or module of some exemplary embodiments may be physically separated into two or more interacting and discrete blocks, units, and/or modules without departing from the scope of the inventive concepts. Further, the blocks, units, and/or modules of some exemplary embodiments may be physically combined into more complex blocks, units, and/or modules without departing from the scope of the inventive concepts. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure is a part. Terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein. 
     Hereinafter, example (i.e., “exemplary”) embodiments of the inventive concepts will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG.  1 A  is a perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG.  1 B  is a perspective view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG.  1 A  illustrates an unfolded state of an electronic device  1000 , and  FIG.  1 B  illustrates a folded state of the electronic device  1000 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 A and  1 B , the electronic device  1000  may be a device that is activated according to an electrical signal. For example, the electronic device  1000  may be a mobile phone, a tablet PC, a car navigation system, a game console, or a wearable device, but is not limited thereto.  FIG.  1 A  illustrates an example in which the electronic device  1000  is in the form of a mobile phone. 
     The electronic device  1000  may display an image through an active area  1000 A. In a state in which the electronic device  1000  is unfolded, the active area  1000 A may include a plane defined by a first direction DR 1  and a second direction DR 2 . A thickness direction of the electronic device  1000  may be parallel to a third direction DR 3  crossing the first direction DR 1  and the second direction DR 2 . Thus, a front surface (or top surface) and a rear surface (or bottom surface) of each of members constituting the electronic device  1000  may be defined based on the third direction DR 3 . 
     The active area  1000 A may include a first area  1000 A 1 , a second area  1000 A 2 , and a third area  1000 A 3 . The second area  1000 A 2  may be bent with respect to a folding axis FX extending along the second direction DR 2 . Thus, the first area  1000 A 1  and the third area  1000 A 3  may be referred to as non-folding areas, and the second area  1000 A 2  may be referred to as a folding area. 
     When the electronic device  1000  is folded, the first area  1000 A 1  and the third area  1000 A 3  may face each other. Thus, in the fully folded state, the active area  1000 A may not be exposed to the outside, which may be referred to as in-folding. However, this is merely an example, and an operation of the electronic device  1000  is not limited thereto. 
     For example, in an embodiment of the inventive concepts, when the electronic device  1000  is folded, the first area  1000 A 1  and the third area  1000 A 3  may be opposite to each other. Thus, in the folded state, the active area  1000 A may be exposed to the outside, which may be referred to as out-folding. 
     The electronic device  1000  may perform only one operation of the in-folding and the out-folding. Alternatively, the electronic device  1000  may perform all the operations of the in-folding and the out-folding. In this case, the same area of the electronic device  1000 , for example, the second area  1000 A 2  may be in-folded and out-folded. Alternatively, one area of the electronic device  1000  may be in-folded, and the other area may be out-folded. 
       FIGS.  1 A and  1 B , one folding area and two non-folding areas are illustrated as an example, but the number of folding and non-folding areas is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device  1000  may include more than two folding areas, i.e., a plurality of non-folding areas and a plurality of folding areas disposed between the non-folding areas adjacent to each other. 
       FIGS.  1 A and  1 B  illustrate that the folding axis FX is parallel to a short axis of the electronic device  1000  in a second direction DR 2 , but embodiments of the inventive concepts are not limited thereto. For example, the folding axis FX may extend along a long axis of the electronic device  1000 , for example, in a direction parallel to the first direction DR 1 . In this case, the first area  1000 A 1 , the second area  1000 A 2 , and the third area  1000 A 3  may be sequentially arranged along the second direction DR 2 . 
     A plurality of sensing areas  100 SA 1 ,  100 SA 2 , and  100 SA 3  may be defined on the electronic device  1000 . In  FIG.  1 A , the three sensing areas  100 SA 1 ,  100 SA 2 , and  100 SA 3  are exemplarily illustrated, but the number of plurality of sensing areas  100 SA 1 ,  100 SA 2 , and  100 SA 3  is not limited thereto. 
     The plurality of sensing areas  100 SA 1 ,  100 SA 2 , and  100 SA 3  may include a first sensing area  100 SA 1 , a second sensing area  100 SA 2 , and a third sensing area  100 SA 3 . For example, the first sensing area  100 SA 1  may overlap a camera module, and the second sensing area  100 SA 2  and the third sensing area  100 SA 3  may overlap a proximity illumination sensor, but is not limited thereto. 
     Each of a plurality of electronic modules  2000  (see  FIG.  4   ) may receive an external input transmitted through the first sensing area  100 SA 1 , the second sensing area  100 SA 2 , or the third sensing area  100 SA 3  or may provide an output through the first sensing area  100 SA 1 , the second sensing area  100 SA 2 , or the third sensing area  100 SA 3 . 
     The first sensing area  100 SA 1  may be surrounded by the active area  1000 A, and the second sensing area  100 SA 2  and the third sensing area  100 SA 3  may be included in the active area  1000 A. That is, the second sensing area  100 SA 2  and the third sensing area  100 SA 3  may display an image. Each of the first sensing area  100 SA 1 , the second sensing area  100 SA 2 , and the third sensing area  100 SA 3  may have transmittance greater than that of the active area  1000 A. Also, the first sensing area  100 SA 1  may have transmittance greater than each of those of the second sensing area  100 SA 2  and the third sensing area  100 SA 3 . 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, a portion of the plurality of electronic modules  2000  (see  FIG.  4   ) may overlap the active area  1000 A, and the other portion of the plurality of electronic modules  2000  (see  FIG.  4   ) may be surrounded by the active area  1000 A. Thus, it is unnecessary to provide an area, on which the plurality of electronic modules  2000  (see  FIG.  4   ) are disposed, to a peripheral area  1000 NA around the active area  1000 A. As a result, an area ratio of the active area  1000 A to the front surface of the electronic device  1000  may increase. 
       FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device, taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1 A , according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG.  3 A  is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , the electronic device  1000  may include a display panel  100 , upper functional layers, and lower functional layers. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3 A , the display panel  100  may be configured to generate an image and sense an input applied from the outside. For example, the display panel  100  may include a display layer  110  and a sensor layer  120 . The display panel  100  may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers to about 35 micrometers, for example, about 30 micrometers, and the thickness of the display panel  100  is not limited thereto. 
     The display layer  110  may be configured to substantially generate an image. The display layer  110  may be an emission-type display layer, for example, the display layer  110  may be an organic light emitting display layer, a quantum dot display layer, or a micro LED display layer. 
     The display layer  110  may include a base layer  111 , a circuit layer  112 , a light emitting element layer  113 , and an encapsulation layer  114 . 
     The base layer  111  may include a synthetic resin film. The synthetic resin layer may include a thermosetting resin. The base layer  111  may have a multi-layered structure. For example, the base layer  111  may have a three-layered structure constituted by a synthetic resin layer, an adhesive layer, and a synthetic resin layer. Particularly, the synthetic resin layer may be a polyimide resin layer, and the material thereof is not particularly limited. The synthetic resin layer may include at least one of an acrylic-based resin, a methacrylic-based resin, a polyisoprene-based resin, a vinyl-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a cellulose-based resin, a siloxane-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, or a perylene-based resin. In addition, the base layer  111  may include a glass substrate or an organic/inorganic composite substrate. 
     The circuit layer  112  may be disposed on the base layer  111 . The circuit layer  112  may include an insulation layer, a semiconductor pattern, a conductive pattern, and a signal line. The insulating layer, the semiconductor layer, and the conductive layer may be formed on the base layer  111  in a manner such as coating or vapor deposition, and then, the insulating layer, the semiconductor layer, and the conductive layer may be selectively patterned through a plurality of photolithography processes. Thereafter, the semiconductor pattern, the conductive pattern, and the signal line included in the circuit layer  112  may be formed. 
     The light emitting element layer  113  may be disposed on the circuit layer  112 . The light emitting element layer  113  may include a light emitting element. For example, the light emitting element layer  113  may include an organic light emitting material, quantum dots, quantum rods, or micro LEDs. 
     The encapsulation layer  114  may be disposed on the light emitting element layer  113 . The encapsulation layer  114  may include an inorganic layer, an organic layer, and an inorganic layer, which are sequentially laminated, but layers constituting the encapsulation layer  114  are not limited thereto. 
     The inorganic layers may protect the light emitting element layer  113  against moisture and oxygen, and the organic layer may protect the light emitting element layer  113  against foreign substances such as dust particles. The inorganic layers may include a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxy nitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer. The organic layer may include an acrylic-based organic layer, but embodiments of the inventive concepts are not limited thereto. 
     The sensor layer  120  may be disposed on the display layer  110 . The sensor layer  120  may sense an external input applied from the outside. The external input may be a user&#39;s input. The user&#39;s input may include various types of external inputs such as a portion of user&#39;s body, light, heat, a pen, a pressure, or the like. 
     The sensor layer  120  may be disposed on the display layer  110  through a continuous process. In this case, the sensor layer  120  may be expressed as being directly disposed on the display layer  110 . The direct disposition may mean that a third component is not disposed between the sensor layer  120  and the display layer  110 . That is, a separate adhesive member may not be disposed between the sensor layer  120  and the display layer  110 . 
     Alternatively, the sensor layer  120  may be bonded to the display layer  110  through an adhesive member. The adhesive member may include a common adhesive or an adhesive agent. 
     Referring again to  FIG.  2   , the upper functional layers may be disposed on the display panel  100 . For example, the upper functional layers may include an anti-reflection member  200  and an upper member  300 . 
     The anti-reflection member  200  may be referred to as an anti-reflection layer. The anti-reflection member  200  may reduce reflectance of external light incident from the outside. The anti-reflection member  200  may include a stretched synthetic resin film. For example, the anti-reflection member  200  may be provided by dyeing an iodine compound on a polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA film). However, this is merely an example, and the material constituting the anti-reflection member  200  is not limited thereto. The anti-reflection member  200  may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers to about 35 micrometers, for example, about 31 micrometers, and the thickness of the anti-reflection member  200  is not limited thereto. 
     The anti-reflection member  200  may be bonded to the display panel  100  through a first adhesive layer  1010 . The first adhesive layer  1010  may be a transparent adhesive layer such as a pressure sensitive adhesive film (PSA), an optically clear adhesive film (OCA), or an optically clear resin (OCR). Hereinafter, the adhesive member may include a general adhesive or adhesive agent. The first adhesive layer  1010  may have a thickness of about 20 micrometers to about 30 micrometers, for example, about 25 micrometers, and the thickness of the first adhesive layer  1010  is not limited thereto. 
     In an embodiment of the inventive concepts, the first adhesive layer  1010  may be omitted. In this case, the anti-reflection member  200  may be directly disposed on the display panel  100 . In the case, a separate adhesive layer may not be disposed between the anti-reflection member  200  and the display panel  100 . 
     The upper member  300  may be disposed on the anti-reflection member  200 . The upper member  300  includes a first hard coating layer  310 , a protective layer  320 , a first upper adhesive layer  330 , a window  340 , a second upper adhesive layer  350 , a light blocking layer  360 , an impact absorbing layer  370 , and a second hard coating layer  380 . The components included in the upper member  300  are not limited to the components described above. At least a portion of the above-described components may be omitted, and other components may be added. 
     The first hard coating layer  310  may be a layer disposed on the outermost surface of the electronic device  1000 . The first hard coating layer  310  may be a functional layer for improving use characteristics of the electronic device  1000  and may be applied on the protective layer  320 . For example, anti-fingerprint properties, anti-pollution properties, and anti-scratch properties may be improved by the first hard coating layer  310 . 
     The protective layer  320  may be disposed below the first hard coating layer  310 . The protective layer  320  may protect constituents disposed below the protective layer  320 . The first hard coating layer  310 , the anti-fingerprint layer, and the like may be additionally provided on the protective layer  320  to improve properties such as chemical resistance and abrasion resistance. The protective layer  320  may include a film having an elastic modulus of about 15 GPa or less at room temperature. The protective layer  320  may have a thickness of about 50 micrometers to about 60 micrometers, for example, about 55 micrometers, but the thickness of the protective layer  320  is not limited thereto. In an embodiment, the protective layer  320  may be omitted. 
     The first upper adhesive layer  330  may be disposed below the protective layer  320 . The protective layer  320  and the window  340  may be bonded to each other by the first upper adhesive layer  330 . The first upper adhesive layer  330  may have a thickness of about 20 micrometers to about 30 micrometers, for example, about 25 micrometers, but the thickness of the first upper adhesive layer  330  is not limited thereto. 
     The window  340  may be disposed below the first upper adhesive layer  330 . The window  340  may include an optically transparent insulation material. For example, the window  340  may include a glass substrate or a synthetic resin film. When the window  340  is the glass substrate, the window  340  may have a thickness of about 80 micrometers or less and may have, for example, a thickness of about 30 micrometers, but the thickness of the window  340  is not limited thereto. 
     When the window  340  is the synthetic resin film, the window  340  may include a polyimide (PI) film or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. 
     The window  340  may has a single layered structure or a multilayered structure. For example, the window  340  may include a plurality of plastic films bonded to each other by using an adhesive or include a glass substrate and a plastic film, which are bonded to each other by using an adhesive. 
     The second upper adhesive layer  350  may be disposed below the window  340 . The window  340  and the impact absorbing layer  370  may be bonded to each other by the second upper adhesive layer  350 . The second upper adhesive layer  350  may have a thickness of about 30 micrometers to about 40 micrometers, for example, about 35 micrometers, but the thickness of the second upper adhesive layer  350  is not limited thereto. 
     In an embodiment of the inventive concepts, a sidewall  340 S of the window  340  and a sidewall  350 S of the second upper adhesive layer  350  may be disposed inside sidewalls of other layers, for example, a sidewall  1000 S of the display panel  100  and a sidewall  320 S of the protective layer  320 . The “inside disposition” may mean that disposition closer to the active area  1000 A than other comparison objects. 
     A positional relationship between the layers may be changed by the folding operation of the electronic device  1000 . According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, since the sidewall  340 S of the window  340  is disposed inside the sidewall  100 S of the display panel  100  and the sidewall  320 S of the protective layer  320 , even though the positional relationship between the layers is changed, possibility that the sidewall  340 S of the window  340  protrudes from the sidewall  320 S of the protective layer  320  may be reduced. Thus, possibility that an external impact is transmitted through the sidewall  340 S of the window  340  may be reduced. As a result, probability that cracks occurs in the window  340  may be reduced. 
     A first distance  340 W between the sidewall  340 S of the window  340  and the sidewall  320 S of the protective layer  320  may be equal to or greater than a predetermined distance. Here, the first distance  340 W may mean a distance in a direction parallel to the first direction DR 1 . Also, the first distance  340 W may correspond to a distance between the sidewall  340 S and the sidewall  320 S when viewed on a plane. 
     The first distance  340 W may be about 180 micrometers to about 205 micrometers, for example, about 196 micrometers, but is not limited thereto. For example, the first distance  340 W may be about 50 micrometers or more and may be about 300 micrometers. As the first distance  340 W increases, the protective layer  320  may further protrudes from the window  340 , and a portion of the protective layer  320  may be bent and attached to other components, for example, a case. Also, as the protective layer  320  increase in area, probability that foreign substances introduced from an upper side of the protective layer  320  are introduced to a lower side of the protective layer  320  may be reduced. 
     Also, the window  340  and the second upper adhesive layer  350  may be bonded to the impact absorbing layer  370  through a lamination process. In consideration of a lamination process tolerance, each of the window  340  and the second upper adhesive layer  350  may have an area less than that of the impact absorbing layer  370 . In addition, the second upper adhesive layer  350  may have an area less than that of the window  340 . For example, a pressure may be applied to the second upper adhesive layer  350  in the process of attaching the window  340 . The second upper adhesive layer  350  may receive a pressure and then be stretched in a direction parallel to the first direction DR 1  and the second direction DR 2 . Here, the second upper adhesive layer  350  may have an area less than that of the window  340  so that the second upper adhesive layer  350  does not protrude from the window  340 . 
     When the first upper adhesive layer  330  and the second upper adhesive layer  350  are attached to each other, the window  340  may not slip to prevent a buckling phenomenon from occurring when the electronic device  1000  is folded. However, according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, the second upper adhesive layer  350  may have an area less than that of the window  340 . Thus, the first upper adhesive layer  330  may not be attached to the second upper adhesive layer  350 , and probability that foreign substances adhere to the second upper adhesive layer  350  may be reduced. 
     A second distance  350 W between the sidewall  350 S of the second upper adhesive layer  350  and the sidewall  320 S of the protective layer  320  may be equal to or greater than a predetermined distance. Here, the second distance  350 W may mean a distance in a direction parallel to the first direction DR 1 . Also, the second distance  350 W may correspond to a distance between the sidewall  350 S and the sidewall  320 S when viewed on the plane. 
     The second distance  350 W may be about 392 micrometers, but is not limited thereto. For example, the second distance  350 W may be selected from a range between about 292 micrometers and about 492 micrometers, but is not limited to this range. The light blocking layer  360  may be disposed between the impact absorbing layer  370  and the second upper adhesive layer  350 . The light blocking layer  360  may be provided by being printed on a top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 . The light blocking layer  360  may overlap the peripheral area  1000 NA. The light blocking layer  360  may be a colored layer and may be formed in a coating manner. The light blocking layer  360  may include a colored organic material or an opaque metal, and the materials constituting the light blocking layer  360  are not limited thereto. 
     In  FIG.  2   , the light blocking layer  360  is exemplarily illustrated as being disposed on the top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 , but the position of the light blocking layer  360  is not limited thereto. For example, the light blocking layer  360  may be provided on a top surface of the protective layer  320 , a bottom surface of the protective layer  320 , a top surface of the window  340 , or a bottom surface of the window  340 . Also, the light blocking layer  360  may be provided as a plurality of layers. In this case, a portion of the light blocking layer  360  may be disposed on the top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 , the other portion may be disposed on the top surface of the protective layer  320 , the bottom surface of the protective layer  320 , the top surface of the window  340 , or the bottom surface of the window  340 . 
     The impact absorbing layer  370  may be a functional layer for protecting the display panel  100  from an external impact. The impact absorbing layer  370  may be selected from films having an elastic modulus of about 1 GPa or more at room temperature. The impact absorbing layer  370  may be a stretched film including an optical function. For example, the impact absorbing layer  370  may be an optical axis control film. The impact absorbing layer  370  may have a thickness of about 35 micrometers to about 45 micrometers, for example, about 41 micrometers, but the thickness of the impact absorbing layer  370  is not limited thereto. In an embodiment of the inventive concepts, the impact absorbing layer  370  may be omitted. 
     The second hard coating layer  380  may be provided on a lower surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 . The impact absorbing layer  370  may include a curved surface. The top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370  may contact the second upper adhesive layer  350 . Thus, the curved portion of the top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370  may be filled by the second upper adhesive layer  350 . Thus, an optical issue may not occur on the top surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 . The bottom surface of the impact absorbing layer  370  may be planarized by the second hard coating layer  380 . That is, when a first hole  101 H (see  FIG.  4   ) is provided up to the second adhesive layer  1020  by cutting, a surface exposed by the first hole  101 H (see  FIG.  4   ) may be smooth. Thus, as the second hard coating layer  380  covers an uneven surface of the impact absorbing layer  370 , haze that may occur on the uneven surface of the impact absorbing layer  370  may be prevented from occurring. 
     The upper member  300  may be bonded to the anti-reflection member  200  through the second adhesive layer  1020 . The second adhesive layer  1020  may include a common adhesive or a sticking agent. The second adhesive layer  1020  may have a thickness of about 20 micrometers to about 30 micrometers, for example, about 25 micrometers, and the thickness of the second adhesive layer  1020  is not limited thereto. 
     The lower functional layers may be disposed below the display panel  100 . For example, the lower functional layers may include a lower protective film  400 , a cushion member  500 , a first lower member  600 , a second lower member  700 , and a step compensation member  800 . The components included in the lower functional layers are not limited to the components described above. At least a portion of the above-described components may be omitted, and other components may be added. 
     The lower protective film  400  may be bonded to a rear surface of the display panel  100  through the third adhesive layer  1030 . The lower protective film  400  may prevent scratches from being generated in the rear surface of the display panel  100  during the process of manufacturing the display panel  100 . The lower protective film  400  may be a colored polyimide film. For example, the lower protective film  400  may be an opaque yellow film, but is not limited thereto. 
     The lower protective film  400  may have a thickness of about 30 micrometers to about 50 micrometers, for example, about 40 micrometers. The third adhesive layer  1030  may have a thickness of about 13 micrometers to about 25 micrometers, for example, about 18 micrometers. However, the thickness of the lower protective film  400  and the thickness of the third adhesive layer  1030  are not limited thereto. 
     The cushion member  500  may be disposed below the lower protective film  400 . The cushion member  500  may protect the display panel  100  from an impact transmitted from the lower portion. The impact resistance characteristics of the electronic device  1000  may be improved by the cushion member  500 . 
     The cushion member  500  may include a first cushion adhesive layer  510 , a barrier film  520 , a cushion layer  530 , and a second cushion adhesive layer  540 . The components included in the cushion member  500  are not limited to the components described above. At least a portion of the above-described components may be omitted, and other components may be added. 
     The first cushion adhesive layer  510  and the second cushion adhesive layer  540  may include a common adhesive or an adhesive agent. The first cushion adhesive layer  510  may be attached to the lower protective film  400 , and the second cushion adhesive layer  540  may be attached to the first lower member  600 . The first cushion adhesive layer  510  may have a thickness of about 20 micrometers to about 30 micrometers, for example, about 25 micrometers. The second cushion adhesive layer  540  may have a thickness of about 4 micrometers to about 15 micrometers, for example, about 8 micrometers. However, the thickness of each of the first cushion adhesive layer  510  and the second cushion adhesive layer  540  is not limited thereto. 
     The barrier film  520  may be provided to improve impact resistance performance. The barrier film  520  may serve to prevent the display panel  100  from being deformed. The barrier film  520  may be a synthetic resin film, for example, a polyimide film, but is not limited thereto. The barrier film  520  may have a thickness of about 30 micrometers to about 40 micrometers, for example, about 35 micrometers, but the thickness of the barrier film  520  is not limited thereto. 
     The cushion layer  530  may include, for example, foamed foam or sponge. The foamed foam may include polyurethane foam or thermoplastic polyurethane foam. When the cushion layer  530  includes the foamed foam, the cushion layer  530  may be formed by using the barrier film  520  as a base layer. For example, a foaming agent may be foamed on the barrier film  520  to form the cushion layer  530 . 
     The cushion layer  530  may have a thickness of about 80 micrometers to about 120 micrometers, for example, about 100 micrometers, but the thickness of the cushion layer  530  is not limited thereto. 
     At least one of the barrier film  520  or the cushion layer  530  may have a color that absorbs light. For example, at least one of the barrier film  520  or the cushion layer  530  may have a black color. In this case, the components disposed below the cushion member  500  may be prevented from being visible from the outside. 
     The first lower member  600  may be disposed below the cushion member  500 . The first lower member  600  may include a plate  610 , a lower adhesive layer  620 , and a cover layer  630 . The components included in the first lower member  600  are not limited to the components described above. At least a portion of the above-described components may be omitted, and other components may be added. 
     The plate  610  may include a material having an elastic modulus of about 60 GPa or more at room temperature. For example, the plate  610  may be SUS304, but is not limited thereto. The plate  610  may support components disposed at an upper side. Also, heat dissipation performance of the electronic device  1000  may be improved by the plate  610 . 
     An opening  611  may be defined in a portion of the plate  610 . The opening  611  may be defined in an area overlapping the second area  1000 A 2 . The opening  611  may overlap the second area  1000 A 2  on the plane, for example, when viewed in the third direction DR 3 . A portion of the plate  610  may be more easily deformed by the opening  611 . 
     The cover layer  630  may be attached to the plate  610  by the lower adhesive layer  620 . The lower adhesive layer  620  may include a common adhesive or an adhesive agent. The cover layer  630  may cover the opening  611  of the plate  610 . Thus, foreign substances may be additionally prevented from being into the opening  611 . 
     The cover layer  630  may include a material having an elastic modulus less than that of the plate  610 . For example, the cover layer  630  may include thermoplastic polyurethane, but is not limited thereto. 
     The plate  610  may have a thickness of about 120 micrometers to about 180 micrometers, for example, about 150 micrometers. The lower adhesive layer  620  may have a thickness of about 4 micrometers to about 15 micrometers, for example, about 8 micrometers. The cover layer  630  may have a thickness of about 4 micrometers to about 15 micrometers, for example, about 8 micrometers. However, the thickness of the plate  610 , the thickness of the lower adhesive layer  620 , and the thickness of the cover layer  630  are not limited to the above-described values. 
     The second lower member  700  may be disposed below the first lower member  600 . The second lower members  700  may be spaced apart from each other. For example, one second lower member  700  may be disposed on the first area  1000 A 1  and the other second lower member  700  may be disposed on the third area  1000 A 3 . 
     Each of the second lower members  700  may be attached to the first lower member  600  by the fourth adhesive layers  1040 . For example, one fourth adhesive layer  1040  may be attached to a bottom surface of the first lower member  600  overlapping the first area  1000 A 1 , and the other fourth adhesive layer  1040  may be attached to the bottom surface of the first lower member  600  overlapping the third area  1000 A 3 . That is, the fourth adhesive layers  1040  may not overlap the second area  1000 A 2 . Each of the fourth adhesive layers  1040  may have a thickness of about 8 micrometers to about 15 micrometers, for example, about 8 micrometers, but the thickness of each of the fourth adhesive layers  1040  is not limited thereto. 
     Although not shown, a step compensation film may be further disposed between each of the second lower members  700  and the first lower member  600 . For example, the step compensation film may be provided on an area overlapping the second area  1000 A 2 . One surface of the step compensation film may have adhesive force less than that of the other surface. For example, the one surface may not have adhesive force. The one surface may be a surface facing the first lower member  600 . 
     Each of the second lower members  700  may include a lower plate  710 , a heat dissipation sheet  720 , and an insulating film  730 . The components included in the second lower members  700  are not limited to the components described above. At least a portion of the above-described components may be omitted, and other components may be added. 
     The lower plate  710  is provided in plurality. One of the lower plates  710  may be disposed to overlap the first area  1000 A 1  and a portion of the second area  1000 A 2 , and the other portion of the lower plates  710  may be disposed to overlap the other portion of the second area  1000 A 2  and the third area  1000 A 3 . 
     The lower plates  710  may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other on the second area  1000 A 2 . However, the lower plates  710  may be disposed as close as possible to support the area in which the opening  611  of the plate  610  is defined. For example, the lower plates  710  may prevent a shape of the area, in which the opening  611  of the plate  610  is defined, from being deformed by a pressure applied from the upper portion. 
     Also, the lower plates  710  may serve to prevent the components disposed above the second lower member  700  from being deformed by the components disposed below the second lower member  700 . 
     Each of the lower plates  710  may include a metal alloy. For example, each of the lower plates  710  may include a copper alloy. However, the material forming the lower plate  710  is not limited thereto. Each of the lower plates  710  may have a thickness of about 60 micrometers to about 100 micrometers, for example, about 80 micrometers, and the thickness of the lower plates  710  is not limited thereto. 
     The heat dissipation sheet  720  may be attached below the lower plate  710 . The heat dissipation sheet  720  may be a thermal conductive sheet having high thermal conductivity. For example, the heat dissipation sheet  720  may include a heat dissipation layer  721 , a first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722 , a second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723 , and a gap tape  724 . 
     The gap tape  724  may be attached to the first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722  and the second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723 , which are spaced apart from each other, with the heat dissipation layer  721  therebetween. The gap tape  724  may be provided as a plurality of layers. For example, the gap tape  724  may include a base layer, an upper adhesive layer disposed on a top surface of the base layer, and a lower adhesive layer disposed on a bottom surface of the base layer. 
     The heat dissipation layer  721  may be attached to the lower plate  710  by the first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722 . The heat dissipation layer  721  may be sealed by the first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722 , the second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723 , and the gap tape  724 . The heat dissipation layer  721  may be a graphitized polymer film. The polymer film may be, for example, a polyimide film. Each of the first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722  and the second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723  may have a thickness of about 3 micrometers to about 8 micrometers, for example, about 5 micrometers, and each of the heat dissipation layer  721  and the gap tape  724  may have a thickness of about 10 micrometers to about 25 micrometers, for example, about 17 micrometers. However, the thickness of each of the first heat dissipation adhesive layer  722 , the second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723 , the heat dissipation layer  721 , and the gap tape  724  is not limited to the above-described numerical value. 
     The insulating film  730  may be attached below the heat dissipation sheet  720 . For example, the insulating film  730  may be attached to the second heat dissipation adhesive layer  723 . An occurrence of rattling of the electronic device  1000  may be prevented by the insulating film  730 . The insulating film  730  may have a thickness of about 15 micrometers, but is not limited thereto. 
     The step compensation member  800  may be attached below the plate  610 . For example, the lower adhesive layer  620  may be attached below one portion of the plate  610 , and the step compensation member  800  may be attached below the other portion of the plate  610 . 
     The step compensation member  800  may include a first compensation adhesive layer  810 , a step compensation film  820 , and a second compensation adhesive layer  830 . The first compensation adhesive layer  810  may be attached to the bottom surface of the plate  610 . The step compensation film  820  may be a synthetic resin film. The second compensation adhesive layer  830  may be attached to a bottom surface of the step compensation film  820  and a folding set (not shown). 
       FIG.  3 B  is a cross-sectional view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3 B , a display panel  100   aa  may further include an anti-reflection layer  130  when compared with the display panel  100  described in  FIG.  3 A . In this case, the anti-reflection member  200  (see  FIG.  2   ) and the first adhesive layer  1010  (see  FIG.  2   ) may be removed from the electronic device  1000  (see  FIG.  2   ) including the display panel  100   aa.    
     The display panel  100   aa  may include a display layer  110 , a sensor layer  120 , and an anti-reflection layer  130 . 
     The anti-reflection layer  130  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts may include color filters. The color filters may have a predetermined arrangement. The arrangement of the color filters may be determined in consideration of emission colors of pixels included in the display layer  110 . Also, the anti-reflection layer  130  may further include a black matrix adjacent to the color filters. 
     The anti-reflection layer  130  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts may include a destructive interference structure. For example, the destructive interference structure include first reflection layer and a second reflection layer, which are disposed on layers different from each other. First reflected light and second reflected light, which are respectively reflected from the first reflection layer and the second reflection layer, may destructively interfere, and thus, the external light may be reduced in reflectance. 
       FIG.  4    is an exploded perspective view illustrating a portion of constituents of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   , a light blocking layer  360 , a display panel  100 , and a plurality of electronic modules  2000  among the components of the electronic device  1000  (see  FIG.  2   ) are exemplarily illustrated. The plurality of electronic modules  2000  may include a camera module  2100  and a proximity illumination sensor  2200 . 
     The proximity illumination sensor  2200  may include a light emitting module  2210  and a light receiving module  2220 . The light emitting module  2210  and the light receiving module  2220  may be mounted on one substrate. The light emitting module  2210  may generate and output light. For example, the light emitting module  2210  may output infrared rays. Also, the light emitting module  2210  may include a light emitting diode. The light receiving module  2220  may sense the infrared rays. The light receiving module  2220  may be activated when infrared rays having a predetermined level or more is sensed. The light receiving module  2220  may include a CMOS sensor. The infrared rays generated in the light emitting module  2210  may be outputted and then be reflected by an external subject (for example, a user&#39;s finger or face), and the reflected infrared rays may be incident into the light receiving module  2220 . 
     An active area  100 A and a peripheral area  100 NA may be defined on the display panel  100 . The active area  100 A may correspond to the active area  1000 A illustrated in  FIG.  1 A , and the peripheral area  100 NA may correspond to the peripheral area  1000 NA illustrated in  FIG.  1 A . 
     A first sensing area  100 SA 1  overlapping the camera module  2100  may be surrounded by the active area  100 A, and a second sensing area  100 SA 2  overlapping the light emitting module  2210  and a third sensing area  100 SA 3  overlapping the light receiving module  2220  may be portions of the active area  100 A. 
     A first hole  101 H may be defined in a portion of the display panel  100 . The first hole  101 H may be provided to correspond to the first sensing area  100 SA 1 . Thus, the camera module  2100  may receive an external input transmitted through the first hole  101 H. 
     The light blocking layer  360  may include a first light blocking pattern  361  and a second light blocking pattern  362 . The first light blocking pattern  361  may be a pattern covering the peripheral area  100 NA. When viewed on the plane, the second light blocking pattern  362  may surround the camera module  2100 . 
       FIG.  5    is a rear view illustrating a portion of constituents of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4  and  5   , the display panel  100 , the step compensation member  800 , the heat dissipation layer  721 , and the gap tape  724  are exemplarily illustrated. 
     A first hole  101 H, a second hole  102 H, and a third hole  103 H may be provided to correspond to the first sensing area  100 SA 1 , the second sensing area  100 SA 2 , and the third sensing area  100 SA 3 , respectively. 
     The first hole  101 H, the second hole  102 H, and the third hole  103 H may be provided by removing some constituents of the electronic device  1000  (see  FIG.  1 A ), and thus, a detailed description thereof will be described later. 
     The first hole  101 H may be provided to overlap the step compensation member  800 , and each of the second hole  102 H and the third hole  103 H may be provided to overlap the gap tape  724 . Thus, when viewed on the plane, the first hole  101 H may be surrounded by the step compensation member  800 , and each of the second hole  102 H and the third hole  103 H may be surrounded by the gap tape  724 . 
       FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-IF of  FIG.  1 A  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  6   , the first hole  101 H in which the camera module  2100  is inserted is illustrated. The first hole  101 H may include a first hole portion  101 H 1 , a second hole portion  101 H 2 , and a third hole portion  101 H 3 . 
     The first hole portion  101 H 1  may be defined by a first sidewall SW 1 , the second hole portion  101 H 2  may be defined by a second sidewall SW 2 , and the third hole portion  101 H 3  may be defined by the third sidewall SW 3 . 
     The first hole portion  101 H 1 , the second hole portion  101 H 2 , and the third hole portion  101 H 3  may have sizes different from each other. For example, the first hole portion  101 H 1  may have the smallest size, the second hole portion  101 H 2  may have the largest size, and the third hole portion  101 H 3  may have a size corresponding between the size of the first hole portion  101 H 1  and the size of the second hole portion  101 H 2 . 
     The first hole portion  101 H 1  may be formed through a laser cutting process. For example, the first hole portion  101 H 1  may be formed by cutting a portion from the lower protective film  400  to the second adhesive layer  1020  using a laser. The second hole portion  101 H 2  may be a portion provided in the cushion member  500 , and the cushion member  500  may be punched to define the second hole portion  101 H 2 . The cushion member  500  in which the second hole portion  101 H 2  is defined may be attached to the lower protective film  400 . The plate  610  and the step compensation member  800  may be punched to define the third hole portion  101 H 3 . The third hole portion  101 H 3  may be formed by a shearing process on the plate  610  and the step compensation member  800 . 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cushion member  500  in which the second hole portion  101 H 2  is defined may be attached to the plate  610  in which the third hole portion  101 H 3  is defined. Thereafter, the cushion member  500  may be attached to the lower protective film  400 . Thus, the sizes of the first hole portion  101 H 1 , the second hole portion  101 H 2 , and the third hole portion  101 H 3  may be different from each other in consideration of component tolerances, equipment tolerances, and folding tolerances. 
     The folding tolerances may be tolerances generated by the folding operation of the electronic device  1000 . For example, the folding tolerances may be tolerances in consideration of a moving amount (or slip) of each of the components when the electronic device  1000  is fully folded or tolerances in consideration of an unrestored moving amount of each of the component when the electronic device  1000  is unfolded after being folded. 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, since the sizes of the first hole portion  101 H 1 , the second hole portion  101 H 2 , and the third hole portion  101 H 3  are determined in consideration of the folding tolerances, an interference between the inner sidewall of the first hole  101 H and the electronic module inserted into the first hole  101 H, for example, the camera module  2100 , may not occur. Also, a second light blocking pattern  362  disposed corresponding to the position of the first hole  101 H may also be disposed in consideration of the folding tolerances. Thus, even when the electronic device  1000  is folded and unfolded, possibility that the second light blocking pattern  362  covers the active area  100 A (see  FIG.  4   ) of the display panel  100 , or the second light blocking pattern  362  covers a viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100  may be reduced. 
     The camera module  2100  may be inserted and disposed within the first hole  101 H. The second upper adhesive layer  350 , the light blocking layer  360 , the impact absorbing layer  370 , and the second hard coating layer  380  may be disposed between the camera module  2100  and the window  340 . Thus, since at least one or more layers are disposed between the camera module  2100  and the window  340 , possibility that the window  340  is damaged by the camera module  2100  may be reduced. Therefore, product reliability may be improved. 
     A top surface  2100 U of the camera module  2100  may be disposed within the second hole portion  101 H 2  provided in the cushion member  500 . The second hole portion  101 H 2  may be a hole portion having the largest diameter among the first to third hole portions  101 H 1 ,  101 H 2 , and  101 H 3 . Therefore, even if the electronic device  1000  is folded, and thus, the positional relationship between the layers is deformed, probability of collision with the second sidewall SW 2  of the camera module  2100  may be reduced. Therefore, product reliability may be improved. 
     The position of the top surface  2100 U of the camera module  2100  is not limited to the example illustrated in  FIG.  6   . For example, the top surface  2100 U of the camera module  2100  may be disposed within the first hole portion  101 H 1 . In this case, a width  362 W of the area surrounded by the second light blocking pattern  362  may be designed to be less than that when the top surface  2100 U of the camera module  2100  is disposed in the second hole portion  101 H 2 . 
     For example, the second light blocking pattern  362  may be designed so as not to overlap the viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100 . When viewed on the plane, the second light blocking pattern  362  may be disposed to be spaced a predetermined distance from the viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100  in consideration of process errors. Since the camera module  2100  is closer to the second light blocking pattern  362 , even if the width  362 W of the area surrounded by the second light blocking pattern  362  is reduced, the second light blocking pattern  362  may not cover the viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100 . 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, a distance DT between the camera module  2100  and the window  340  may be secured over a predetermined distance. When the distance DT between the camera module  2100  and the window  340  is secured over the predetermined distance, probability that the window  340  is damaged by the camera module  2100  may be reduced. Therefore, the product reliability may be improved. The damage may be cracks when the window  340  is provided as the glass substrate or may be step when the window  340  is provided as the synthetic resin film. 
     For example, the distance DT may range of about 60% to about 200% of the total sum of the thicknesses of the components in which a modulus of the first hole  101 H is less than or equal to the reference modulus. The components in which the first hole  101 H is defined in  FIG.  3    may correspond to components disposed below the second hard coating layer  380 . The reference modulus may be about 100 MPa or less, for example, about 50 MPa or less and 0 MPa or more. 
     The components that are provided with the first hole  101 H defined therethrough and have the modulus equal to or smaller than the reference modulus may include the first adhesive layer  1010 , the second adhesive layer  1020 , the third adhesive layer  1030 , the first cushion adhesive layer  510 , the cushion layer  530 , the second cushion adhesive layer  540 , the first compensation adhesive layer  810 , and the second compensation adhesive layer  830 . 
     The first adhesive layer  1010  may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers, the second adhesive layer  1020  may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers, the third adhesive layer  1030  may have a thickness of about 18 micrometers, the first cushion adhesive layer  510  may have a thickness of about 25 micrometers, the cushion layer  530  may have a thickness of about 100 micrometer, the second cushion adhesive layer  540  may have a thickness of about 8 micrometer, the first compensation adhesive layer  810  may have a thickness of about 17 micrometer, and the second compensation adhesive layer  830  may have a thickness of about 17 micrometers. Each of the thicknesses may have a process error. Thus, the sum of the thicknesses may be about 183 micrometers to about 300 micrometers, for example, about 235 micrometers. However, the sum of the thicknesses is not limited thereto. 
     The distance DT between the camera module  2100  and the window  340  may be determined in consideration of a maximum compression ratio of the layers, each of which has a modulus equal to or less than the reference modulus. For example, the distance DT may be equal to or greater than a value that the sum of the thicknesses multiplied by the maximum compression ratio. The distance DT may be may be about 110 micrometers or more, for example, about 141 micrometers or more. 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, even though the components are maximally compressed by the pressure generated while the electronic device  1000  is used, the window  340  and the camera module  2100  may be spaced a predetermined distance from each other. Thus, the probability that the window  340  is damaged by the camera module  2100  may be greatly reduced. Therefore, the product reliability may be improved. 
       FIG.  7    is a plan view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     In  FIG.  7   , the second light blocking pattern  362 , the first sidewall SW 1 , the second sidewall SW 2 , and the third sidewall SW 3  are exemplarily illustrated. 
     When viewed on the plane, the first sidewall SW 1  may overlap the second light blocking pattern  362 , and the second sidewall SW 2  and the third sidewall SW 3  may not overlap the second light blocking pattern  362 . When viewed on the plane, the third sidewall SW 3  may surround the second light blocking pattern  362 , and the second sidewall SW 2  may surround the third sidewall SW 3 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6  and  7   , a first width WT 1  of the first hole portion  101 H 1 , a second width WT 2  of the second hole portion  101 H 2 , and a third with WT 3  of the third hole portion  101 H 3  may be different from each other. For example, the second width WT 2  may be greater than each of the first width WT 1  and the third width WT 3 , and the third width WT 3  may be greater than the first width WT 1 . 
       FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view taken along line of  FIG.  1 A  according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , the third hole  103 H in which the light receiving module  2220  is inserted is illustrated. Since the second hole  102 H (see  FIG.  5   ) into which the light emitting module  2210  (see  FIG.  4   ) is inserted may have substantially the same cross-sectional structure as the third hole  103 H, contents with respect to the second hole  102 H (see  FIG.  5   ) may be understood through the following description. 
     The third hole  103 H may include a first hole portion  103 H 1  and a second hole portion  103 H 2 . The first hole portion  103 H 1  may be defined by the first sidewall SW 13 , and the second hole portion  103 H 2  may be defined by the second sidewall SW 23 . 
     The first hole portion  103 H 1  and the second hole portion  103 H 2  may have sizes different from each other. For example, the size of the first hole portion  103 H 1  may be larger than that of the second hole portion  103 H 2 . 
     The first hole portion  103 H 1  may be a portion provided in the cushion member  500 , and the cushion member  500  may be punched to define the first hole portion  103 H 1 . The first lower member  600  and the second lower member  700  may be punched to define a second hole portion  103 H 2 . 
     The third hole  103 H may not be provided in the display panel  100 . For example, the third hole  103 H may be provided in only at least a portion of the components disposed below the display panel  100 . Thus, a portion of the display panel  100  overlapping the third hole  103 H may display an image and sense an input applied from the outside. 
     The first hole  101 H (see  FIG.  6   ) may pass through the display panel  100 , but the third hole  103 H may not pass through the display panel  100 . That is, a depth DT 1  (see  FIG.  6   ) of the first hole  101 H (see  FIG.  6   ) may be greater than that DT 2  of the third hole  103 H. 
       FIG.  9 A  is a perspective view illustrating an operation of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG.  9 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV′ of  FIG.  9 A .  FIG.  10 A  is a perspective view illustrating an operation of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts.  FIG.  10 B  is a cross-sectional view taken along line V-V′ of  FIG.  10 A . 
       FIG.  9 A  illustrates a state in which the electronic device  1000  is fully folded. This may be referred to as a first state.  FIG.  9 B  illustrates a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the first sensing area  100 SA 1  of the electronic device  1000  that is folded in the state of  FIG.  9 A  is cut.  FIG.  10 A  illustrates a state in which the electronic device  1000  is folded and then unfolded again. This may be referred to as a second state.  FIG.  10 B  illustrates a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the first sensing area  100 SA 1  of the electronic device  1000  that is unfolded in the state of  FIG.  10 A  is cut. 
       FIGS.  9 A,  9 B,  10 A, and  10 B  illustrate views of the electronic device  1000  disposed in a chamber so as to measure a positional moving amount and an unrestored moving amount of each of the components due to the folding and the unfolding. 
     In  FIGS.  9 A and  10 A , the electronic device  1000  is tested as an example, but is not limited thereto. For example, the test may be performed only with some components of the electronic device  1000 , or the test may be performed with a product designed similarly to the electronic device  1000 . 
     Since the adhesive layers and the tapes have a lot of slip due to shear under high-temperature environments, the test may be performed in a state in which the adhesive layers and the tapes are disposed in the chamber having a high temperature so as to measure the positional moving amount and the unrestored moving amount of each of the components due to the folding and the unfolding. The high temperature may be, for example, about 60 degrees Celsius, but is not limited thereto. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  9 A and  9 B , when the electronic device  1000  is folded, the shapes of components, each of which has a relatively low modulus, may be deformed. For example, the shapes of the second adhesive layer  1020 , the first adhesive layer  1010 , the third adhesive layer  1030 , the first cushion adhesive layer  510 , and the second cushion adhesive layer  540  may be deformed. For example, side surfaces of the second adhesive layer  1020 , the first adhesive layer  1010 , the third adhesive layer  1030 , the first cushion adhesive layer  510 , and the second cushion adhesive layer  540 , which are deformed, may be inclined in third direction DR 3 . 
     In  FIG.  9 B , the positions of the components before being folded are shown by dotted lines, and the positions of the components in the fully folded state are shown by solid lines. The positions of the components disposed on the plate  610  with respect to the plate  610  may be changed. The plate  610  may be SUS304 or a rigid material. Therefore, the positions of the components disposed on the plate  610  with respect to the plate  610  may be deformed in a direction crossing the folding axis FX (see  FIG.  1 A ), for example, the first direction DR 1 . 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, in the state in which the electronic device  1000  is fully folded, the positions of the first hole  101 H and the second light blocking pattern  362  may be designed so that the camera module  2100  does not collide with the sidewalls constituting the first hole  101 H, and the second light blocking pattern  362  does not cover the viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100 . A detailed description related to this configuration will be described later. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  10 A and  10 B , even when the electronic device  1000  is unfolded again, the shapes of the components may not be partially restored. In  FIG.  10 B , the positions of the components before being folded are shown by dotted lines, and the positions of the components when being unfolded again after being fully folded are shown by solid lines. 
     According to an embodiment of the inventive concepts, when the electronic device  1000  is unfolded again, the positions of the first hole  101 H and the second light blocking pattern  362  may be designed in consideration of the positions of the components that are not restored. A detailed description related to this configuration will be described later. 
       FIG.  11    is a cross-sectional view for explaining design dimensions of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the inventive concepts. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  9 A,  9 B,  10 A,  10 B, and  11   , a first design object FD 1 , a second design object FD 2 , a third design object FD 3 , a fourth design object FD 4 , a fifth design object FD 5 , a sixth design object FD 6 , a seventh design object FD 7 , and an eighth design object FD 8  are illustrated as an example. 
     The second light blocking pattern  362  may have a ring shape having an inner diameter  3621  and an outer diameter  3620  surrounding the inner diameter  3621 . The first design target FD 1  is a distance between an edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and the inner diameter  3621  of the second light blocking pattern  362 . The second design target FD 2  is a distance between the edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and the outer diameter  3620  of the second light blocking pattern  362 . 
     The third design target FD 3  is a distance between the outer diameter  3620  of the second light blocking pattern  362  and the active area  100 A of the display panel  100 . The fourth design target FD 4  is a distance between the inner diameter  3621  of the second light blocking pattern  362  and the viewing angle area  2100 AV. The fifth design target FD 5  is a distance between the edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and the camera module  2100 . The sixth design object FD 6  is a distance between the edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and the cushion member  500 . The seventh design object FD 7  is a distance between the edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and the plate  610 . The eighth design object FD 8  is a distance between the plate  610  and the step compensation member  800 . 
     All the above-described distances may be distances in a direction parallel to the first direction DR 1 . Also, the above-described distances may correspond to a distance between the two components when the electronic device  1000  is viewed on the plane. 
     A numerical value of each of the first design object FD 1 , the second design object FD 2 , the third design object FD 3 , the fourth design object FD 4 , the fifth design object FD 5 , the sixth design object FD 6 , the seventh design object FD 7 , and the eighth design object FD 8  may be designed in consideration of the component tolerances, the equipment tolerances, the characteristic tolerances, and the folding tolerances. 
     For example, the component tolerances may include a tolerance generated in the process of printing the second light blocking pattern  362 , a tolerance with respect to the size of the second light blocking pattern  362 , a tolerance with respect to the position of the second light blocking pattern  362 , a tolerance with respect to a position of an alignment mark of the panel  100 , a tolerance with respect to an outer periphery of the cushion member  500 , a tolerance with respect to the size of the second hole portion  101 H 2  of the cushion member  500 , a tolerance with respect to the position of the second hole portion  101 H 2  of the cushion member  500 , a tolerance with respect to an outer periphery of the plate  610 , a tolerance with respect to the size of the third hole portion  101 H 3  of the plate  610 , and a tolerance with respect to the position of the third hole portion  101 H 3  of the plate  610 . 
     For example, the equipment tolerances may include a tolerance generated in the process of cutting the first hole portion  101 H 1  by using the laser, a tolerance generated in the process of laminating the upper member  300  to the configuration including the display panel  100 , a tolerance generated in the process of laminating the cushion member  500  to the configuration including the display panel  100 , and a tolerance generated in the process of laminating the cushion member  500  to the plate  610 . The configuration including the display panel  100  may refer to the components from the second adhesive layer  1020  to the lower protective film  400 . 
     For example, the characteristic tolerances may be tolerances due to high-temperature shrinkage of the anti-reflection member  200  and the second adhesive layer  1020 . 
     For example, the folding tolerances may be tolerances generated due to the folding operation of the electronic device  1000  and may include a moving amount DS 1  of the display panel  100 , which is measured with respect to the plate  610  in the folded state, an unrestored moving amount DS 2  of the second light blocking pattern  362 , an unrestored moving amount DS 3  between the anti-reflection member  200  and the layer including the second light blocking pattern  362 , and an unrestored moving amount DS 4  between the display panel  100  and the layer including the second light blocking pattern  362 . 
     In Table 1 below, component tolerance data and equipment tolerance data for determining the dimensions of each of the first design object FD 1 , the second design object FD 2 , the fourth design object FD 4 , and the fifth design object FD 5  were shown. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance type 
                 Tolerance (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Tolerances generated in process of printing second light blocking pattern 362 
                 0.05 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to size of second light blocking pattern 362 
                 0.04 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of second light blocking pattern 362 
                 0.1 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of alignment mark of display panel 100 
                 0.01 
               
               
                 Tolerance generated in process of cutting first hole portion 101H1 by using 
                 0.09 
               
               
                 laser 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerances generated in process of laminating upper member 300 to 
                 0.125 
               
               
                 configuration including display panel 100 
                   
               
               
                 First RSS (Component tolerance + Equipment tolerance) 
                 0.195 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The first RSS (Root Sum of Squares) value may be calculated by Equation 1 below. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   3 
                   ⋆ 
                   
                     
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.05 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.04 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.1 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               + 
                               
                                 
                                   ( 
                                   
                                     0.01 
                                     / 
                                     3 
                                   
                                   ) 
                                 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.09 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.125 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   Equation 
                   ⁢ 
                       
                   1 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     The dimension of the first design object FD 1  may be determined based on the sum of the first RSS values and the first other tolerances. The first other tolerances may include a tolerance generated by the residual adhesive of the second adhesive layer  1020  and a tolerance generated when the components of the electronic device  1000  are not restored. Specifically, the tolerance generated due to the unrestoration may be an unrestored moving amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) between the display panel  100  and the layer including the second light blocking pattern  362 . For example, the tolerance generated due to the unrestoration may be an unrestored movement amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) between the display panel  100  and the upper member  300 . The tolerance due to the residual adhesive of the adhesive layer may be about 0.05 mm, and the unrestored moving amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) may be about 0.094 mm. 
     When the first other tolerances are added to the first RSS value, the tolerance may be about 0.339 mm. Since the viewing angle area  2100 AV and the second light blocking pattern  362  should not overlap each other, a smaller design dimension of the first design target FD 1  than the calculated value may be advantageous. Therefore, the first design object FD 1  may be designed with a numerical value less than the calculated value. For example, the first design object FD 1  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.287 mm. 
     The dimension of the second design object FD 2  may be determined based on the sum of the first RSS value and the second other tolerances. The second other tolerances may include a tolerance due to high-temperature shrinkage of the anti-reflection member  200  and the second adhesive layer  1020  and a tolerance generated when the components of the electronic device  1000  are not restored. Specifically, the second other tolerances may include an unrestored moving amount between the anti-reflection member  200  and the layer including the second light blocking pattern  362  DS 3  (see  FIG.  10 B ). For example, the second other tolerances may include an unrestored moving amount DS 3  between the anti-reflection member  200  and the upper member  300 . The tolerance due to the high-temperature shrinkage of the adhesive layer may be about 0.03 mm, and the unrestored moving amount DS 3  (see  FIG.  10 B ) may be about 0.014 mm. 
     If the second other tolerances are added to the first RSS value, the tolerance may be about 0.241 mm. The second design object FD 2  may be designed with calculated value. Therefore, the second design object FD 2  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.241 mm. 
     The second light blocking pattern  362  may be provided to prevent light blurring from occurring in the camera module  2100 . Therefore, the dimension of the first design object FD 1  may be designed to be greater than that of the second design object FD 2 . 
     The dimension of the fourth design object FD 4  may be designed based on the sum of the first RSS value and the fourth other tolerance. The fourth other tolerance may be the unrestored moving amount DS 2  (see  FIG.  10 B ) of the second light blocking pattern  362 . The unrestored moving amount DS 2  (see  FIG.  10 B ) may be about 0.051 mm. 
     When the fourth other tolerance is added to the first RSS value, the tolerance may be about 0.246 mm. The fourth design object FD 4  may be selected within a predetermined range based on the calculated value. For example, the fourth design object FD 4  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.245 mm. 
     The dimension of the fifth design object FD 5  may be designed based on the sum of the first RSS value and the fifth other tolerance. The fifth other tolerance may be a moving amount DS 1  of the display panel  100 , which is measured with respect to the plate  610 . For example, a moving amount DS 1  of the display panel  100  may be measured by a distance DS 1   a  between the plate  610  before being folded and the edge  100 E of the display panel  100  and a distance DS 1   b  between the plate  610  in the fully folded state and the edge  100 E of the display panel  100 . 
     When the fifth other tolerance is added to the first RSS value, the tolerance may be about 0.320 mm. The fifth design object FD 5  may be designed based on the calculated value. In consideration of the case in which the top surface  2100 U of the camera module  2100  is disposed up to the first hole portion  101 H 1 , the fifth design object FD 5  may be designed more sufficiently than the calculated value so that the display panel  100  and the camera module  2100  do not collide with each other. For example, the fifth design object FD 5  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.483 mm. 
     Table 2 below shows component tolerance data and equipment tolerance data for determining the dimensions of the third design object FD 3 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance type 
                 Tolerance (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Tolerances generated in process of printing second light blocking pattern  
                 0.05 
               
               
                 362 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to size of second light blocking pattern 362 
                 0.04 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of second light blocking pattern 362 
                 0.1 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of alignment mark of display panel 100 
                 0.01 
               
               
                 Tolerances generated in process of laminating upper member 300 to the 
                 0.125 
               
               
                 configuration including display panel 100 
                   
               
               
                 Second RSS (Component tolerance + Equipment tolerance) 
                 0.173 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The second RSS value may be calculated by Equation 2 below. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   3 
                   ⋆ 
                   
                     
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             0.05 
                             / 
                             3 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         2 
                       
                       + 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             0.04 
                             / 
                             3 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         2 
                       
                       + 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             0.1 
                             / 
                             3 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         2 
                       
                       + 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             0.01 
                             / 
                             3 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         2 
                       
                       + 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             0.125 
                             / 
                             3 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         2 
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   Equation 
                   ⁢ 
                       
                   2 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     The dimension of the third design object FD 3  may be determined based on the sum of the second RSS value and the third other tolerance. The third other tolerance may be an unrestored moving amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) between the display panel  100  and the layer including the second light blocking pattern  362 . For example, the tolerance generated due to the unrestoration may be an unrestored movement amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) between the display panel  100  and the upper member  300 . The unrestored moving amount DS 4  (see  FIG.  10 B ) may be about 0.094 mm. 
     When the third other tolerance is added to the second RSS value, the tolerance may be about 0.267 mm. As the design value of the third design object FD 3  decreases, the area other than the active area  100 A may decrease. Thus, the design dimension of the third design object FD 3  may be designed with a value less than the calculated value. For example, the third design object FD 3  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.230 mm. 
     Table 3 below shows component tolerance data and equipment tolerance data for determining the dimensions of the sixth design object FD 6 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance type 
                 Tolerance (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Tolerance with respect to outer periphery of cushion member 500 
                 0.075 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to size of second hole portion 101H2 of cushion  
                 0.05 
               
               
                 member 500 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of second hole portion 101H2 of cushion 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 member 500 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of alignment mark of display panel 100 
                 0.01 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to outer periphery of plate 610 
                 0.06 
               
               
                 Tolerance generated in process of cutting first hole portion 101H1 by using  
                 0.09 
               
               
                 laser 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerances generated in process of laminating cushion member 500 to 
                 0.125 
               
               
                 configuration including display panel 100 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance generated in process of laminating cushion member 500 to plate  
                 0.150 
               
               
                 610 
                   
               
               
                 Third RSS (Component tolerance + Equipment tolerance) 
                 0.284 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The third RSS value may be calculated by Equation 3 below. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   3 
                   ⋆ 
                   
                     
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.075 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.05 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.15 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               + 
                               
                                 
                                   ( 
                                   
                                     0.01 
                                     / 
                                     3 
                                   
                                   ) 
                                 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.06 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.09 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.125 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.15 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   Equation 
                   ⁢ 
                       
                   3 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     The dimension of the sixth design object FD 6  may be designed based on the third RSS value. For example, the sixth design object FD 6  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.3 mm. 
     Table 4 below shows component tolerance data and equipment tolerance data for determining the dimensions of the seventh design object FD 7 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance type 
                 Tolerance (mm) 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Tolerance with respect to outer periphery of plate 610 
                 0.06 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to size of third hole portion 101H3 of plate 610 
                 0.05 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of third hole portion 101H3 of plate 610 
                 0.1 
               
               
                 Tolerance with respect to position of alignment mark of display panel 100 
                 0.01 
               
               
                 Tolerance generated in process of cutting first hole portion 101H1 by using 
                 0.09 
               
               
                 laser 
                   
               
               
                 Tolerance generated in process of laminating cushion member 500 to plate  
                 0.150 
               
               
                 610 
                   
               
               
                 Fourth RSS (Component tolerance + Equipment tolerance) 
                 0.216 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The fourth RSS value may be calculated by Equation 4 below. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   3 
                   ⋆ 
                   
                     
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.06 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.05 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.1 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                       
                         
                           
                             
                               + 
                               
                                 
                                   ( 
                                   
                                     0.01 
                                     / 
                                     3 
                                   
                                   ) 
                                 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.09 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                             + 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   0.15 
                                   / 
                                   3 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               2 
                             
                           
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   Equation 
                   ⁢ 
                       
                   4 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     The dimension of the seventh design object FD 7  may be designed based on the fourth RSS value. For example, the seventh design object FD 7  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.22 mm. The eighth design object FD 8  may be designed with a tolerance of about 0.5 mm. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6 ,  7 , and  11   , a first width WT 1  of the first hole portion  101 H 1 , a second width WT 2  of the second hole portion  101 H 2 , and a third with WT 3  of the third hole portion  101 H 3  may be different from each other. For example, the second width WT 2  may be greater than the first width WT 1 . For example, the second width WT 2  may correspond to a value obtained by adding the dimension of the sixth design object FD 6  twice to the first width WT 1 . Thus, the difference between the first width WT 1  and the second width WT 2  may be about 0.6 mm. The difference between the second width WT 2  and the third width WT 3  may correspond to a value obtained by adding the dimension of the seventh design object FD 7  twice. Thus, the difference between the second width WT 2  and the third width WT 3  may be about 0.44 mm. 
     The positional relationship between the second light blocking pattern  362  and the first sidewall SW 1  may be determined in consideration of the dimension of the first design object FD 1  and the dimension of the second design object FD 2 . For example, the second light blocking pattern  362  may have a width of about 0.214 mm in a direction toward the active area  100 A with respect to the first sidewall SW 1 , and the second light blocking pattern  362  may have a width of about 0.287 mm in a direction toward the viewing angle area  2100 AV with respect to the first sidewall SW 1 . 
     According to the inventive concepts, the first hole  101 H defined in the electronic device  1000  may include at least two or more hole portions  101 H 1 ,  101 H 2 , and  101 H 3 . The hole portions  101 H 1 ,  101 H 2 , and  101 H 3  may have sizes different from each other in consideration of the component tolerances, the equipment tolerances, and the folding tolerances. Accordingly, even if the first hole  101 H is provided in the foldable electronic device  1000 , the interference between the inner sidewall of the first hole  101 H and the camera module  2100  may not occur. Also, the second light blocking pattern  362  disposed corresponding to the position of the first hole  101 H may also be disposed in consideration of the folding tolerances. Accordingly, the possibility that the second light blocking pattern  362  covers the active area  100 A of the display panel  100  or the second light blocking pattern  362  covers a viewing angle area  2100 AV of the camera module  2100  may be reduced. 
     According to the inventive concepts, a portion of the plurality of electronic modules may overlap the active area of the electronic device, and the other portion of the plurality of electronic modules may be surrounded by the active area. Therefore, it is unnecessary to separately provide the area, on which the plurality of electronic modules are arranged, to the peripheral area. As a result, the area ratio of the active area to the front surface of the electronic device may increase. 
     According to the inventive concepts, the hole defined in the electronic device may include at least two or more hole portions. The sizes of the hole portions may be different from each other in consideration of the component tolerance, the equipment tolerance, and the folding tolerance. Therefore, even if the hole is provided in the foldable electronic device, the interference between the sidewall within the hole and the electronic module inserted into the hole may not occur. In addition, the light blocking pattern disposed to correspond to the position of the hole may also be designed in consideration of the folding tolerance. Therefore, the possibility that the light blocking pattern covers the active area of the display panel or covers the viewing angle area of the electronic module may be reduced. 
     Although certain exemplary embodiments and implementations have been described herein, other embodiments and modifications will be apparent from this description. Accordingly, the inventive concepts are not limited to such embodiments, but rather to the broader scope of the appended claims and various obvious modifications and equivalent arrangements as would be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art.