Patent Publication Number: US-2013230871-A1

Title: Methods and compositions for diagnosis and prognosis of renal injury and renal failure

Description:
The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/301,961 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/301,970 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/301,981 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/301,985 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/301,992 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,009 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,012 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,016 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,032 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,039 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,045 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,047 filed Feb. 5, 2010; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/302,048 filed Feb. 5, 2010; each of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety including all tables, figures, and claims. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The following discussion of the background of the invention is merely provided to aid the reader in understanding the invention and is not admitted to describe or constitute prior art to the present invention. 
     The kidney is responsible for water and solute excretion from the body. Its functions include maintenance of acid-base balance, regulation of electrolyte concentrations, control of blood volume, and regulation of blood pressure. As such, loss of kidney function through injury and/or disease results in substantial morbidity and mortality. A detailed discussion of renal injuries is provided in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, pages 1741-1830, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. Renal disease and/or injury may be acute or chronic. Acute and chronic kidney disease are described as follows (from Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, New York, pages 785-815, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety): “Acute renal failure is worsening of renal function over hours to days, resulting in the retention of nitrogenous wastes (such as urea nitrogen) and creatinine in the blood. Retention of these substances is called azotemia. Chronic renal failure (chronic kidney disease) results from an abnormal loss of renal function over months to years”. 
     Acute renal failure (ARF, also known as acute kidney injury, or AKI) is an abrupt (typically detected within about 48 hours to 1 week) reduction in glomerular filtration. This loss of filtration capacity results in retention of nitrogenous (urea and creatinine) and non-nitrogenous waste products that are normally excreted by the kidney, a reduction in urine output, or both. It is reported that ARF complicates about 5% of hospital admissions, 4-15% of cardiopulmonary bypass surgeries, and up to 30% of intensive care admissions. ARF may be categorized as prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal in causation. Intrinsic renal disease can be further divided into glomerular, tubular, interstitial, and vascular abnormalities. Major causes of ARF are described in the following table, which is adapted from the Merck Manual, 17 th  ed., Chapter 222, and which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Type 
                 Risk Factors 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Prerenal 
                   
               
               
                 ECF volume depletion 
                 Excessive diuresis, hemorrhage, GI losses, loss of 
               
               
                   
                 intravascular fluid into the extravascular space (due to 
               
               
                   
                 ascites, peritonitis, pancreatitis, or burns), loss of skin 
               
               
                   
                 and mucus membranes, renal salt- and water-wasting 
               
               
                   
                 states 
               
               
                 Low cardiac output 
                 Cardiomyopathy, MI, cardiac tamponade, pulmonary 
               
               
                   
                 embolism, pulmonary hypertension, positive-pressure 
               
               
                   
                 mechanical ventilation 
               
               
                 Low systemic vascular 
                 Septic shock, liver failure, antihypertensive drugs 
               
               
                 resistance 
               
               
                 Increased renal vascular 
                 NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, hypercalcemia, 
               
               
                 resistance 
                 anaphylaxis, anesthetics, renal artery obstruction, renal 
               
               
                   
                 vein thrombosis, sepsis, hepatorenal syndrome 
               
               
                 Decreased efferent 
                 ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers 
               
               
                 arteriolar tone (leading to 
               
               
                 decreased GFR from 
               
               
                 reduced glomerular 
               
               
                 transcapillary pressure, 
               
               
                 especially in patients with 
               
               
                 bilateral renal artery 
               
               
                 stenosis) 
               
               
                 Intrinsic Renal 
               
               
                 Acute tubular injury 
                 Ischemia (prolonged or severe prerenal state): surgery, 
               
               
                   
                 hemorrhage, arterial or venous obstruction; Toxins: 
               
               
                   
                 NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, 
               
               
                   
                 foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, 
               
               
                   
                 ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque 
               
               
                   
                 contrast agents, streptozotocin 
               
               
                 Acute glomerulonephritis 
                 ANCA-associated: Crescentic glomerulonephritis, 
               
               
                   
                 polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener&#39;s granulomatosis; Anti- 
               
               
                   
                 GBM glomerulonephritis: Goodpasture&#39;s syndrome; 
               
               
                   
                 Immune-complex: Lupus glomerulonephritis, 
               
               
                   
                 postinfectious glomerulonephritis, cryoglobulinemic 
               
               
                   
                 glomerulonephritis 
               
               
                 Acute tubulointerstitial 
                 Drug reaction (eg, β-lactams, NSAIDs, sulfonamides, 
               
               
                 nephritis 
                 ciprofloxacin, thiazide diuretics, furosemide, phenytoin, 
               
               
                   
                 allopurinol, pyelonephritis, papillary necrosis 
               
               
                 Acute vascular 
                 Vasculitis, malignant hypertension, thrombotic 
               
               
                 nephropathy 
                 microangiopathies, scleroderma, atheroembolism 
               
               
                 Infiltrative diseases 
                 Lymphoma, sarcoidosis, leukemia 
               
               
                 Postrenal 
               
               
                 Tubular precipitation 
                 Uric acid (tumor lysis), sulfonamides, triamterene, 
               
               
                   
                 acyclovir, indinavir, methotrexate, ethylene glycol 
               
               
                   
                 ingestion, myeloma protein, myoglobin 
               
               
                 Ureteral obstruction 
                 Intrinsic: Calculi, clots, sloughed renal tissue, fungus 
               
               
                   
                 ball, edema, malignancy, congenital defects; Extrinsic: 
               
               
                   
                 Malignancy, retroperitoneal fibrosis, ureteral trauma 
               
               
                   
                 during surgery or high impact injury 
               
               
                 Bladder obstruction 
                 Mechanical: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate 
               
               
                   
                 cancer, bladder cancer, urethral strictures, phimosis, 
               
               
                   
                 paraphimosis, urethral valves, obstructed indwelling 
               
               
                   
                 urinary catheter; Neurogenic: Anticholinergic drugs, 
               
               
                   
                 upper or lower motor neuron lesion 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the case of ischemic ARF, the course of the disease may be divided into four phases. During an initiation phase, which lasts hours to days, reduced perfusion of the kidney is evolving into injury. Glomerular ultrafiltration reduces, the flow of filtrate is reduced due to debris within the tubules, and back leakage of filtrate through injured epithelium occurs. Renal injury can be mediated during this phase by reperfusion of the kidney. Initiation is followed by an extension phase which is characterized by continued ischemic injury and inflammation and may involve endothelial damage and vascular congestion. During the maintenance phase, lasting from 1 to 2 weeks, renal cell injury occurs, and glomerular filtration and urine output reaches a minimum. A recovery phase can follow in which the renal epithelium is repaired and GFR gradually recovers. Despite this, the survival rate of subjects with ARF may be as low as about 60%. 
     Acute kidney injury caused by radiocontrast agents (also called contrast media) and other nephrotoxins such as cyclosporine, antibiotics including aminoglycosides and anticancer drugs such as cisplatin manifests over a period of days to about a week. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN, which is AKI caused by radiocontrast agents) is thought to be caused by intrarenal vasoconstriction (leading to ischemic injury) and from the generation of reactive oxygen species that are directly toxic to renal tubular epithelial cells. CIN classically presents as an acute (onset within 24-48 h) but reversible (peak 3-5 days, resolution within 1 week) rise in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. 
     A commonly reported criteria for defining and detecting AKI is an abrupt (typically within about 2-7 days or within a period of hospitalization) elevation of serum creatinine. Although the use of serum creatinine elevation to define and detect AKI is well established, the magnitude of the serum creatinine elevation and the time over which it is measured to define AKI varies considerably among publications. Traditionally, relatively large increases in serum creatinine such as 100%, 200%, an increase of at least 100% to a value over 2 mg/dL and other definitions were used to define AKI. However, the recent trend has been towards using smaller serum creatinine rises to define AKI. The relationship between serum creatinine rise, AKI and the associated health risks are reviewed in Praught and Shlipak,  Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens  14:265-270, 2005 and Chertow et al,  J Am Soc Nephrol  16: 3365-3370, 2005, which, with the references listed therein, are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. As described in these publications, acute worsening renal function (AKI) and increased risk of death and other detrimental outcomes are now known to be associated with very small increases in serum creatinine. These increases may be determined as a relative (percent) value or a nominal value. Relative increases in serum creatinine as small as 20% from the pre-injury value have been reported to indicate acutely worsening renal function (AKI) and increased health risk, but the more commonly reported value to define AKI and increased health risk is a relative increase of at least 25%. Nominal increases as small as 0.3 mg/dL, 0.2 mg/dL or even 0.1 mg/dL have been reported to indicate worsening renal function and increased risk of death. Various time periods for the serum creatinine to rise to these threshold values have been used to define AKI, for example, ranging from 2 days, 3 days, 7 days, or a variable period defined as the time the patient is in the hospital or intensive care unit. These studies indicate there is not a particular threshold serum creatinine rise (or time period for the rise) for worsening renal function or AKI, but rather a continuous increase in risk with increasing magnitude of serum creatinine rise. 
     One study (Lassnigg et all, J Am Soc Nephrol 15:1597-1605, 2004, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) investigated both increases and decreases in serum creatinine. Patients with a mild fall in serum creatinine of −0.1 to −0.3 mg/dL following heart surgery had the lowest mortality rate. Patients with a larger fall in serum creatinine (more than or equal to −0.4 mg/dL) or any increase in serum creatinine had a larger mortality rate. These findings caused the authors to conclude that even very subtle changes in renal function (as detected by small creatinine changes within 48 hours of surgery) seriously effect patient&#39;s outcomes. In an effort to reach consensus on a unified classification system for using serum creatinine to define AKI in clinical trials and in clinical practice, Bellomo et al.,  Crit Care.  8(4):R204-12, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, proposes the following classifications for stratifying AKI patients: 
     “Risk”: serum creatinine increased 1.5 fold from baseline OR urine production of &lt;0.5 ml/kg body weight/hr for 6 hours;
 
“Injury”: serum creatinine increased 2.0 fold from baseline OR urine production &lt;0.5 ml/kg/hr for 12 h;
 
“Failure”: serum creatinine increased 3.0 fold from baseline OR creatinine &gt;355 μmol/l (with a rise of &gt;44) or urine output below 0.3 ml/kg/hr for 24 h or anuria for at least 12 hours;
 
And included two clinical outcomes:
 
“Loss”: persistent need for renal replacement therapy for more than four weeks.
 
“ESRD”: end stage renal disease—the need for dialysis for more than 3 months.
 
     These criteria are called the RIFLE criteria, which provide a useful clinical tool to classify renal status. As discussed in Kellum,  Crit. Care Med.  36: S141-45, 2008 and Ricci et al.,  Kidney Int.  73, 538-546, 2008, each hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, the RIFLE criteria provide a uniform definition of AKI which has been validated in numerous studies. 
     More recently, Mehta et al.,  Crit. Care  11:R31 (doi:10.1186.cc5713), 2007, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, proposes the following similar classifications for stratifying AKI patients, which have been modified from RIFLE: 
     “Stage I”: increase in serum creatinine of more than or equal to 0.3 mg/dL (≧26.4 μmol/L) or increase to more than or equal to 150% (1.5-fold) from baseline OR urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for more than 6 hours;
 
“Stage II”: increase in serum creatinine to more than 200% (&gt;2-fold) from baseline OR urine output less than 0.5 mL/kg per hour for more than 12 hours;
 
“Stage III”: increase in serum creatinine to more than 300% (&gt;3-fold) from baseline OR serum creatinine ≧354 μmol/L accompanied by an acute increase of at least 44 μmol/L OR urine output less than 0.3 mL/kg per hour for 24 hours or anuria for 12 hours.
 
     The CIN Consensus Working Panel (McCollough et al, Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2006; 7(4):177-197, hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety) uses a serum creatinine rise of 25% to define Contrast induced nephropathy (which is a type of AKI). Although various groups propose slightly different criteria for using serum creatinine to detect AKI, the consensus is that small changes in serum creatinine, such as 0.3 mg/dL or 25%, are sufficient to detect AKI (worsening renal function) and that the magnitude of the serum creatinine change is an indicator of the severity of the AKI and mortality risk. 
     Although serial measurement of serum creatinine over a period of days is an accepted method of detecting and diagnosing AKI and is considered one of the most important tools to evaluate AKI patients, serum creatinine is generally regarded to have several limitations in the diagnosis, assessment and monitoring of AKI patients. The time period for serum creatinine to rise to values (e.g., a 0.3 mg/dL or 25% rise) considered diagnostic for AKI can be 48 hours or longer depending on the definition used. Since cellular injury in AKI can occur over a period of hours, serum creatinine elevations detected at 48 hours or longer can be a late indicator of injury, and relying on serum creatinine can thus delay diagnosis of AKI. Furthermore, serum creatinine is not a good indicator of the exact kidney status and treatment needs during the most acute phases of AKI when kidney function is changing rapidly. Some patients with AKI will recover fully, some will need dialysis (either short term or long term) and some will have other detrimental outcomes including death, major adverse cardiac events and chronic kidney disease. Because serum creatinine is a marker of filtration rate, it does not differentiate between the causes of AKI (pre-renal, intrinsic renal, post-renal obstruction, atheroembolic, etc) or the category or location of injury in intrinsic renal disease (for example, tubular, glomerular or interstitial in origin). Urine output is similarly limited, Knowing these things can be of vital importance in managing and treating patients with AKI. 
     These limitations underscore the need for better methods to detect and assess AKI, particularly in the early and subclinical stages, but also in later stages when recovery and repair of the kidney can occur. Furthermore, there is a need to better identify patients who are at risk of having an AKI. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the invention to provide methods and compositions for evaluating renal function in a subject. As described herein, measurement of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen (each referred to herein as a “kidney injury marker”) can be used for diagnosis, prognosis, risk stratification, staging, monitoring, categorizing and determination of further diagnosis and treatment regimens in subjects suffering or at risk of suffering from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, and/or acute renal failure (also called acute kidney injury). 
     The kidney injury markers of the present invention may be used, individually or in panels comprising a plurality of kidney injury markers, for risk stratification (that is, to identify subjects at risk for a future injury to renal function, for future progression to reduced renal function, for future progression to ARF, for future improvement in renal function, etc.); for diagnosis of existing disease (that is, to identify subjects who have suffered an injury to renal function, who have progressed to reduced renal function, who have progressed to ARF, etc.); for monitoring for deterioration or improvement of renal function; and for predicting a future medical outcome, such as improved or worsening renal function, a decreased or increased mortality risk, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will require renal replacement therapy (i.e., hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, hemofiltration, and/or renal transplantation, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will recover from an injury to renal function, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will recover from ARF, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will progress to end stage renal disease, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will progress to chronic renal failure, a decreased or increased risk that a subject will suffer rejection of a transplanted kidney, etc. 
     In a first aspect, the present invention relates to methods for evaluating renal status in a subject. These methods comprise performing an assay method that is configured to detect one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen is/are then correlated to the renal status of the subject. This correlation to renal status may include correlating the assay result(s) to one or more of risk stratification, diagnosis, prognosis, staging, classifying and monitoring of the subject as described herein. Thus, the present invention utilizes one or more kidney injury markers of the present invention for the evaluation of renal injury. 
     In certain embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for risk stratification of the subject; that is, assigning a likelihood of one or more future changes in renal status to the subject. In these embodiments, the assay result(s) is/are correlated to one or more such future changes. The following are preferred risk stratification embodiments. 
     In preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for a future injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such a future injury to renal function. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for future reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such reduced renal function. For example, the measured concentrations may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of suffering a future reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of future reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In still other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s likelihood for a future improvement in renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such a future improvement in renal function. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of a future improvement in renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of a future improvement in renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. 
     In yet other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s risk for progression to ARF, and the result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of such progression to ARF. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of progression to ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of progression to ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     And in other preferred risk stratification embodiments, these methods comprise determining a subject&#39;s outcome risk, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a likelihood of the occurrence of a clinical outcome related to a renal injury suffered by the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may each be compared to a threshold value. For a “positive going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of one or more of: acute kidney injury, progression to a worsening stage of AKI, mortality, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, a requirement for withdrawal of renal toxins, end stage renal disease, heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, progression to chronic kidney disease, etc., is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold. For a “negative going” kidney injury marker, an increased likelihood of one or more of: acute kidney injury, progression to a worsening stage of AKI, mortality, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, a requirement for withdrawal of renal toxins, end stage renal disease, heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, progression to chronic kidney disease, etc., is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold, relative to a likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold. 
     In such risk stratification embodiments, preferably the likelihood or risk assigned is that an event of interest is more or less likely to occur within 180 days of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject. In particularly preferred embodiments, the likelihood or risk assigned relates to an event of interest occurring within a shorter time period such as 18 months, 120 days, 90 days, 60 days, 45 days, 30 days, 21 days, 14 days, 7 days, 5 days, 96 hours, 72 hours, 48 hours, 36 hours, 24 hours, 12 hours, or less. A risk at 0 hours of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject is equivalent to diagnosis of a current condition. 
     In preferred risk stratification embodiments, the subject is selected for risk stratification based on the pre-existence in the subject of one or more known risk factors for prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal ARF. For example, a subject undergoing or having undergone major vascular surgery, coronary artery bypass, or other cardiac surgery; a subject having pre-existing congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, glomerular filtration below the normal range, cirrhosis, serum creatinine above the normal range, or sepsis; or a subject exposed to NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin are all preferred subjects for monitoring risks according to the methods described herein. This list is not meant to be limiting. By “pre-existence” in this context is meant that the risk factor exists at the time the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject. In particularly preferred embodiments, a subject is chosen for risk stratification based on an existing diagnosis of injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. 
     In other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for diagnosing a renal injury in the subject; that is, assessing whether or not a subject has suffered from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status. The following are preferred diagnostic embodiments. 
     In preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of such an injury. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury to renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury to renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury causing reduced renal function may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In yet other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing the occurrence or nonoccurrence of ARF, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an injury causing ARF. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of ARF may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of ARF is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of ARF may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing a subject as being in need of renal replacement therapy, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to a need for renal replacement therapy. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal replacement therapy may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other preferred diagnostic embodiments, these methods comprise diagnosing a subject as being in need of renal transplantation, and the assay result (s0 is/are correlated to a need for renal transplantation. For example, each of the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is above the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold). For a negative going marker, an increased likelihood of the occurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation is assigned to the subject when the measured concentration is below the threshold (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is above the threshold); alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an increased likelihood of the nonoccurrence of an injury creating a need for renal transplantation may be assigned to the subject (relative to the likelihood assigned when the measured concentration is below the threshold). 
     In still other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for monitoring a renal injury in the subject; that is, assessing whether or not renal function is improving or worsening in a subject who has suffered from an injury to renal function, reduced renal function, or ARF. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status. The following are preferred monitoring embodiments. 
     In preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from an injury to renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In other preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from reduced renal function, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In yet other preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject suffering from acute renal failure, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In other additional preferred monitoring embodiments, these methods comprise monitoring renal status in a subject at risk of an injury to renal function due to the pre-existence of one or more known risk factors for prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal ARF, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a change in renal status in the subject. For example, the measured concentration(s) may be compared to a threshold value. For a positive going marker, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. For a negative going marker, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a worsening of renal function may be assigned to the subject; alternatively, when the measured concentration is above the threshold, an improvement of renal function may be assigned to the subject. 
     In still other embodiments, the methods for evaluating renal status described herein are methods for classifying a renal injury in the subject; that is, determining whether a renal injury in a subject is prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal; and/or further subdividing these classes into subclasses such as acute tubular injury, acute glomerulonephritis acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute vascular nephropathy, or infiltrative disease; and/or assigning a likelihood that a subject will progress to a particular RIFLE stage. In these embodiments, the assay result(s), for example measured concentration(s) of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen is/are correlated to a particular class and/or subclass. The following are preferred classification embodiments. 
     In preferred classification embodiments, these methods comprise determining whether a renal injury in a subject is prerenal, intrinsic renal, or postrenal; and/or further subdividing these classes into subclasses such as acute tubular injury, acute glomerulonephritis acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, acute vascular nephropathy, or infiltrative disease; and/or assigning a likelihood that a subject will progress to a particular RIFLE stage, and the assay result(s) is/are correlated to the injury classification for the subject. For example, the measured concentration may be compared to a threshold value, and when the measured concentration is above the threshold, a particular classification is assigned; alternatively, when the measured concentration is below the threshold, a different classification may be assigned to the subject. 
     A variety of methods may be used by the skilled artisan to arrive at a desired threshold value for use in these methods. For example, the threshold value may be determined from a population of normal subjects by selecting a concentration representing the 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th, or 99th percentile of a kidney injury marker measured in such normal subjects. Alternatively, the threshold value may be determined from a “diseased” population of subjects, e.g., those suffering from an injury or having a predisposition for an injury (e.g., progression to ARF or some other clinical outcome such as death, dialysis, renal transplantation, etc.), by selecting a concentration representing the 75th, 85th, 90th, 95th, or 99th percentile of a kidney injury marker measured in such subjects. In another alternative, the threshold value may be determined from a prior measurement of a kidney injury marker in the same subject; that is, a temporal change in the level of a kidney injury marker in the subject may be used to assign risk to the subject. 
     The foregoing discussion is not meant to imply, however, that the kidney injury markers of the present invention must be compared to corresponding individual thresholds. Methods for combining assay results can comprise the use of multivariate logistical regression, loglinear modeling, neural network analysis, n-of-m analysis, decision tree analysis, calculating ratios of markers, etc. This list is not meant to be limiting. In these methods, a composite result which is determined by combining individual markers may be treated as if it is itself a marker; that is, a threshold may be determined for the composite result as described herein for individual markers, and the composite result for an individual patient compared to this threshold. 
     The ability of a particular test to distinguish two populations can be established using ROC analysis. For example, ROC curves established from a “first” subpopulation which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed can be used to calculate a ROC curve, and the area under the curve provides a measure of the quality of the test. Preferably, the tests described herein provide a ROC curve area greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9, and most preferably at least 0.95. 
     In certain aspects, the measured concentration of one or more kidney injury markers, or a composite of such markers, may be treated as continuous variables. For example, any particular concentration can be converted into a corresponding probability of a future reduction in renal function for the subject, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc. In yet another alternative, a threshold that can provide an acceptable level of specificity and sensitivity in separating a population of subjects into “bins” such as a “first” subpopulation (e.g., which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc.) and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed. A threshold value is selected to separate this first and second population by one or more of the following measures of test accuracy: 
     an odds ratio greater than 1, preferably at least about 2 or more or about 0.5 or less, more preferably at least about 3 or more or about 0.33 or less, still more preferably at least about 4 or more or about 0.25 or less, even more preferably at least about 5 or more or about 0.2 or less, and most preferably at least about 10 or more or about 0.1 or less;
 
a specificity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least about 0.6, more preferably at least about 0.7, still more preferably at least about 0.8, even more preferably at least about 0.9 and most preferably at least about 0.95, with a corresponding sensitivity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than about 0.3, more preferably greater than about 0.4, still more preferably at least about 0.5, even more preferably about 0.6, yet more preferably greater than about 0.7, still more preferably greater than about 0.8, more preferably greater than about 0.9, and most preferably greater than about 0.95;
 
a sensitivity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least about 0.6, more preferably at least about 0.7, still more preferably at least about 0.8, even more preferably at least about 0.9 and most preferably at least about 0.95, with a corresponding specificity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than about 0.3, more preferably greater than about 0.4, still more preferably at least about 0.5, even more preferably about 0.6, yet more preferably greater than about 0.7, still more preferably greater than about 0.8, more preferably greater than about 0.9, and most preferably greater than about 0.95;
 
at least about 75% sensitivity, combined with at least about 75% specificity;
 
a positive likelihood ratio (calculated as sensitivity/(1-specificity)) of greater than 1, at least about 2, more preferably at least about 3, still more preferably at least about 5, and most preferably at least about 10; or
 
a negative likelihood ratio (calculated as (1-sensitivity)/specificity) of less than 1, less than or equal to about 0.5, more preferably less than or equal to about 0.3, and most preferably less than or equal to about 0.1.
 
The term “about” in the context of any of the above measurements refers to +/−5% of a given measurement.
 
     Multiple thresholds may also be used to assess renal status in a subject. For example, a “first” subpopulation which is predisposed to one or more future changes in renal status, the occurrence of an injury, a classification, etc., and a “second” subpopulation which is not so predisposed can be combined into a single group. This group is then subdivided into three or more equal parts (known as tertiles, quartiles, quintiles, etc., depending on the number of subdivisions). An odds ratio is assigned to subjects based on which subdivision they fall into. If one considers a tertile, the lowest or highest tertile can be used as a reference for comparison of the other subdivisions. This reference subdivision is assigned an odds ratio of 1. The second tertile is assigned an odds ratio that is relative to that first tertile. That is, someone in the second tertile might be 3 times more likely to suffer one or more future changes in renal status in comparison to someone in the first tertile. The third tertile is also assigned an odds ratio that is relative to that first tertile. 
     In certain embodiments, the assay method is an immunoassay. Antibodies for use in such assays will specifically bind a full length kidney injury marker of interest, and may also bind one or more polypeptides that are “related” thereto, as that term is defined hereinafter. Numerous immunoassay formats are known to those of skill in the art. Preferred body fluid samples are selected from the group consisting of urine, blood, serum, saliva, tears, and plasma. 
     The foregoing method steps should not be interpreted to mean that the kidney injury marker assay result(s) is/are used in isolation in the methods described herein. Rather, additional variables or other clinical indicia may be included in the methods described herein. For example, a risk stratification, diagnostic, classification, monitoring, etc. method may combine the assay result(s) with one or more variables measured for the subject selected from the group consisting of demographic information (e.g., weight, sex, age, race), medical history (e.g., family history, type of surgery, pre-existing disease such as aneurism, congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, or sepsis, type of toxin exposure such as NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin), clinical variables (e.g., blood pressure, temperature, respiration rate), risk scores (APACHE score, PREDICT score, TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI, Framingham Risk Score, risk scores of Thakar et al. (J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 16: 162-68, 2005), Mehran et al. (J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 44: 1393-99, 2004), Wijeysundera et al. (JAMA 297: 1801-9, 2007), Goldstein and Chawla (Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 5: 943-49, 2010), or Chawla et al. (Kidney Intl. 68: 2274-80, 2005)), a glomerular filtration rate, an estimated glomerular filtration rate, a urine production rate, a serum or plasma creatinine concentration, a urine creatinine concentration, a fractional excretion of sodium, a urine sodium concentration, a urine creatinine to serum or plasma creatinine ratio, a urine specific gravity, a urine osmolality, a urine urea nitrogen to plasma urea nitrogen ratio, a plasma BUN to creatnine ratio, a renal failure index calculated as urine sodium/(urine creatinine/plasma creatinine), a serum or plasma neutrophil gelatinase (NGAL) concentration, a urine NGAL concentration, a serum or plasma cystatin C concentration, a serum or plasma cardiac troponin concentration, a serum or plasma BNP concentration, a serum or plasma NTproBNP concentration, and a serum or plasma proBNP concentration. Other measures of renal function which may be combined with one or more kidney injury marker assay result(s) are described hereinafter and in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, pages 1741-1830, and Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, New York, pages 785-815, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     When more than one marker is measured, the individual markers may be measured in samples obtained at the same time, or may be determined from samples obtained at different (e.g., an earlier or later) times. The individual markers may also be measured on the same or different body fluid samples. For example, one kidney injury marker may be measured in a serum or plasma sample and another kidney injury marker may be measured in a urine sample. In addition, assignment of a likelihood may combine an individual kidney injury marker assay result with temporal changes in one or more additional variables. 
     In various related aspects, the present invention also relates to devices and kits for performing the methods described herein. Suitable kits comprise reagents sufficient for performing an assay for at least one of the described kidney injury markers, together with instructions for performing the described threshold comparisons. 
     In certain embodiments, reagents for performing such assays are provided in an assay device, and such assay devices may be included in such a kit. Preferred reagents can comprise one or more solid phase antibodies, the solid phase antibody comprising antibody that detects the intended biomarker target(s) bound to a solid support. In the case of sandwich immunoassays, such reagents can also include one or more detectably labeled antibodies, the detectably labeled antibody comprising antibody that detects the intended biomarker target(s) bound to a detectable label. Additional optional elements that may be provided as part of an assay device are described hereinafter. 
     Detectable labels may include molecules that are themselves detectable (e.g., fluorescent moieties, electrochemical labels, ecl (electrochemical luminescence) labels, metal chelates, colloidal metal particles, etc.) as well as molecules that may be indirectly detected by production of a detectable reaction product (e.g., enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, etc.) or through the use of a specific binding molecule which itself may be detectable (e.g., a labeled antibody that binds to the second antibody, biotin, digoxigenin, maltose, oligohistidine, 2,4-dintrobenzene, phenylarsenate, ssDNA, dsDNA, etc.). 
     Generation of a signal from the signal development element can be performed using various optical, acoustical, and electrochemical methods well known in the art. Examples of detection modes include fluorescence, radiochemical detection, reflectance, absorbance, amperometry, conductance, impedance, interferometry, ellipsometry, etc. In certain of these methods, the solid phase antibody is coupled to a transducer (e.g., a diffraction grating, electrochemical sensor, etc) for generation of a signal, while in others, a signal is generated by a transducer that is spatially separate from the solid phase antibody (e.g., a fluorometer that employs an excitation light source and an optical detector). This list is not meant to be limiting. Antibody-based biosensors may also be employed to determine the presence or amount of analytes that optionally eliminate the need for a labeled molecule. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to methods and compositions for diagnosis, differential diagnosis, risk stratification, monitoring, classifying and determination of treatment regimens in subjects suffering or at risk of suffering from injury to renal function, reduced renal function and/or acute renal failure through measurement of one or more kidney injury markers. In various embodiments, a measured concentration of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of Interleukin-5, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta, Tissue factor, Sex hormone-binding globulin, Alpha-2-macroglobulin, Apolipoprotein A-I, Calcitonin, Thrombopoietin, C-reactive protein, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3, Macrophage metalloelastase, Apolipoprotein B-100, and Fibrinogen or one or more markers related thereto, are correlated to the renal status of the subject. 
     For purposes of this document, the following definitions apply: 
     As used herein, an “injury to renal function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) measurable reduction in a measure of renal function. Such an injury may be identified, for example, by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate or estimated GFR, a reduction in urine output, an increase in serum creatinine, an increase in serum cystatin C, a requirement for renal replacement therapy, etc. “Improvement in Renal Function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) measurable increase in a measure of renal function. Preferred methods for measuring and/or estimating GFR are described hereinafter. 
     As used herein, “reduced renal function” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) reduction in kidney function identified by an absolute increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 0.1 mg/dL (≧8.8 μmol/L), a percentage increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 20% (1.2-fold from baseline), or a reduction in urine output (documented oliguria of less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour). 
     As used herein, “acute renal failure” or “ARF” is an abrupt (within 14 days, preferably within 7 days, more preferably within 72 hours, and still more preferably within 48 hours) reduction in kidney function identified by an absolute increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 0.3 mg/dl (≧26.4 μmol/l), a percentage increase in serum creatinine of greater than or equal to 50% (1.5-fold from baseline), or a reduction in urine output (documented oliguria of less than 0.5 ml/kg per hour for at least 6 hours). This term is synonymous with “acute kidney injury” or “AKI.” 
     As used herein, the term “Interleukin-5” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Interleukin-5 precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P05113 (SEQ ID NO: 1)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MRMLLHLSLL ALGAAYVYAI PTEIPTSALV KETLALLSTH RTLLIANETL RIPVPVHKNH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 QLCTEEIFQG IGTLESQTVQ GGTVERLFKN LSLIKKYIDG QKKKCGEERR RVNQFLDYLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130 
               
               
                 EFLGVMNTEW IIES 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Interleukin-5: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-19 
                 19 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 20-134 
                 115 
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P40189 (SEQ ID NO: 2)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MLTLQTWLVQ ALFIFLTTES TGELLDPCGY ISPESPVVQL HSNFTAVCVL KEKCMDYFHV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 NANYIVWKTN HFTIPKEQYT IINRTASSVT FTDIASLNIQ LTCNILTFGQ LEQNVYGITI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 ISGLPPEKPK NLSCIVNEGK KMRCEWDGGR ETHLETNFTL KSEWATHKFA DCKAKRDTPT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 SCTVDYSTVY FVNIEVWVEA ENALGKVTSD HINFDPVYKV KPNPPHNLSV INSEELSSIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 KLTWTNPSIK SVIILKYNIQ YRTKDASTWS QIPPEDTAST RSSFTVQDLK PFTEYVFRIR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 CMKEDGKGYW SDWSEEASGI TYEDRPSKAP SFWYKIDPSH TQGYRTVQLV WKTLPPFEAN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 GKILDYEVTL TRWKSHLQNY TVNATKLTVN LTNDRYLATL TVRNLVGKSD AAVLTIPACD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 FQATHPVMDL KAFPKDNMLW VEWTTPRESV KKYILEWCVL SDKAPCITDW QQEDGTVHRT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 YLRGNLAESK CYLITVTPVY ADGPGSPESI KAYLKQAPPS KGPTVRTKKV GKNEAVLEWD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 QLPVDVQNGF IRNYTIFYRT IIGNETAVNV DSSHTEYTLS SLTSDTLYMV RMAAYTDEGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 KDGPEFTFTT PKFAQGEIEA IVVPVCLAFL LTTLLGVLFC FNKRDLIKKH IWPNVPDPSK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 SHIAQWSPHT PPRHNFNSKD QMYSDGNFTD VSVVEIEAND KKPFPEDLKS LDLFKKEKIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 TEGHSSGIGG SSCMSSSRPS ISSSDENESS QNTSSTVQYS TVVHSGYRHQ VPSVQVFSRS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 ESTQPLLDSE ERPEDLQLVD HVDGGDGILP RQQYFKQNCS QHESSPDISH FERSKQVSSV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 NEEDFVRLKQ QISDHISQSC GSGQMKMFQE VSAADAFGPG TEGQVERFET VGMEAATDEG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910 
               
               
                 MPKSYLPQTV RQGGYMPQ 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta assay detects one or more soluble forms of Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta. Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). The following domains have been identified in Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                  1-22 
                  22 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  23-918 
                 896 
                 Interleukin-6 receptor 
               
               
                   
                   
                 subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 642-918 
                 277 
                 Cytoplasmic domain 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 620-641 
                  21 
                 transmembrane domain 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  23-619 
                 597 
                 Extracellular domain 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 330-918 
                 589 
                 Missing in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 325-329 
                   5 
                 RPSKA (SEQ ID NO: 3) → 
               
               
                   
                   
                 NIASF (SEQ ID NO: 4) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Tissue factor” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Tissue factor precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P13726 (SEQ ID NO: 5)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 METPAWPRVP RPETAVARTL LLGWVFAQVA GASGTTNTVA AYNLTWKSTN FKTILEWEPK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 PVNQVYTVQI STKSGDWKSK CFYTTDTECD LTDEIVKDVK QTYLARVFSY PAGNVESTGS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 AGEPLYENSP EFTPYLETNL GQPTIQSFEQ VGTKVNVTVE DERTLVRRNN TFLSLRDVFG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 KDLIYTLYYW KSSSSGKKTA KTNTNEFLID VDKGENYCFS VQAVIPSRTV NRKSTDSPVE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290 
               
               
                 CMGQEKGEFR EIFYIIGAVV FVVIILVIIL AISLHKCRKA GVGQSWKENS PLNVS 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Tissue factor assay detects one or more soluble forms of Tissue factor. Tissue factor is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Tissue factor generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). The following domains have been identified in Tissue factor: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-32 
                 32 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 33-295 
                 263 
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
                 275-295  
                 21 
                 Cytoplasmic domain 
               
               
                   
                 252-274  
                 23 
                 transmembrane domain 
               
               
                   
                 33-251 
                 456 
                 Extracellular domain 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Sex hormone-binding globulin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Sex hormone-binding globulin precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P04278 (SEQ ID NO: 6)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MESRGPLATS RLLLLLLLLL LRHTRQGWAL RPVLPTQSAH DPPAVHLSNG PGQEPIAVMT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 FDLTKITKTS SSFEVRTWDP EGVIFYGDTN PKDDWFMLGL RDGRPEIQLH NHWAQLTVGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 GPRLDDGRWH QVEVKMEGDS VLLEVDGEEV LRLRQVSGPL TSKRHPIMRI ALGGLLFPAS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 NLRLPLVPAL DGCLRRDSWL DKQAEISASA PTSLRSCDVE SNPGIFLPPG TQAEFNLRDI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 PQPHAEPWAF SLDLGLKQAA GSGHLLALGT PENPSWLSLH LQDQKVVLSS GSGPGLDLPL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 VLGLPLQLKL SMSRVVLSQG SKMKALALPP LGLAPLLNLW AKPQGRLFLG ALPGEDSSTS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400 
               
               
                 FCLNGLWAQG QRLDVDQALN RSHEIWTHSC PQSPGNGTDA SH 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Sex hormone-binding globulin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-29 
                 29 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 30-402 
                 373 
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Alpha-2-macroglobulin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Alpha-2-macroglobulin precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P01023 (SEQ ID NO: 7)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MGKNKLLHPS LVLLLLVLLP TDASVSGKPQ YMVLVPSLLH TETTEKGCVL LSYLNETVTV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 SASLESVRGN RSLFTDLEAE NDVLHCVAFA VPKSSSNEEV MFLTVQVKGP TQEFKKRTTV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 MVKNEDSLVF VQTDKSIYKP GQTVKFRVVS MDENFHPLNE LIPLVYIQDP KGNRIAQWQS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 FQLEGGLKQF SFPLSSEPFQ GSYKVVVQKK SGGRTEHPFT VEEFVLPKFE VQVTVPKIIT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 ILEEEMNVSV CGLYTYGKPV PGHVTVSICR KYSDASDCHG EDSQAFCEKF SGQLNSHGCF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 YQQVKTKVFQ LKRKEYEMKL HTEAQIQEEG TVVELTGRQS SEITRTITKL SFVKVDSHFR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 QGIPFFGQVR LVDGKGVPIP NKVIFIRGNE ANYYSNATTD EHGLVQFSIN TTNVMGTSLT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 VRVNYKDRSP CYGYQWVSEE HEEAHHTAYL VFSPSKSFVH LEPMSHELPC GHTQTVQAHY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 ILNGGTLLGL KKLSFYYLIM AKGGIVRTGT HGLLVKQEDM KGHFSISIPV KSDIAPVARL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 LIYAVLPTGD VIGDSAKYDV ENCLANKVDL SFSPSQSLPA SHAHLRVTAA PQSVCALRAV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 DQSVLLMKPD AELSASSVYN LLPEKDLTGF PGPLNDQDDE DCINRHNVYI NGITYTPVSS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 TNEKDMYSFL EDMGLKAFTN SKIRKPKMCP QLQQYEMHGP EGLRVGFYES DVMGRGHARL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 VHVEEPHTET VRKYFPETWI WDLVVVNSAG VAEVGVTVPD TITEWKAGAF CLSEDAGLGI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 SSTASLRAFQ PFFVELTMPY SVIRGEAFTL KATVLNYLPK CIRVSVQLEA SPAFLAVPVE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 KEQAPHCICA NGRQTVSWAV TPKSLGNVNF TVSAEALESQ ELCGTEVPSV PEHGRKDTVI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910        920        930        940        950        960 
               
               
                 KPLLVEPEGL EKETTFNSLL CPSGGEVSEE LSLKLPPNVV EESARASVSV LGDILGSAMQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
               
               
                 NTQNLLQMPY GCGEQNMVLF APNIYVLDYL NETQQLTPEI KSKAIGYLNT GYQRQLNYKH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
               
               
                 YDGSYSTFGE RYGRNQGNTW LTAFVLKTFA QARAYIFIDE AHITQALIWL SQRQKDNGCF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
               
               
                 RSSGSLLNNA IKGGVEDEVT LSAYITIALL EIPLTVTHPV VRNALFCLES AWKTAQEGDH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1150       1160       1170       1180       1190       1200 
               
               
                 GSHVYTKALL AYAFALAGNQ DKRKEVLKSL NEEAVKKDNS VHWERPQKPK APVGHFYEPQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1210       1220       1230       1240       1250       1260 
               
               
                 APSAEVEMTS YVLLAYLTAQ PAPTSEDLTS ATNIVKWITK QQNAQGGFSS TQDTVVALHA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1270       1280       1290       1300       1310       1320 
               
               
                 LSKYGAATFT RTGKAAQVTI QSSGTFSSKF QVDNNNRLLL QQVSLPELPG EYSMKVTGEG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1330       1340       1350       1360       1370       1380 
               
               
                 CVYLQTSLKY NILPEKEEFP FALGVQTLPQ TCDEPKAHTS FQISLSVSYT GSRSASNMAI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1390       1400       1410       1420       1430       1440 
               
               
                 VDVKMVSGFI PLKPTVKMLE RSNHVSRTEV SSNHVLIYLD KVSNQTLSLF FTVLQDVPVR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1450       1460       1470 
               
               
                 DLKPAIVKVY DYYETDEFAI AEYNAPCSKD LGNA 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Alpha-2-macroglobulin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-23  
                 23 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 24-1474 
                 1451 
                 Alpha-2-macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Apolipoprotein A-I” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Apolipoprotein A-I precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P02647 (SEQ ID NO: 8)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         1 0          2 0          3 0          4 0          5 0          6 0   
                   
               
               
                 MKAAVLTLAV LFLTGSQARH FWQQDEPPQS PWDRVKDLAT VYVDVLKDSG RDYVSQFEGS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         7 0          8 0          9 0         10 0         11 0         12 0   
               
               
                 ALGKQLNLKL LDNWDSVTST FSKLREQLGP VTQEFWDNLE KETEGLRQEM SKDLEEVKAK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        13 0         14 0         15 0         16 0         17 0         18 0   
               
               
                 VQPYLDDFQK KWQEEMELYR QKVEPLRAEL QEGARQKLHE LQEKLSPLGE EMRDRARAHV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        19 0         20 0         21 0         22 0         23 0         24 0   
               
               
                 DALRTHLAPY SDELRQRLAA RLEALKENGG ARLAEYHAKA TEHLSTLSEK AKPALEDLRQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        25 0         26 0   
               
               
                 GLLPVLESFK VSFLSALEEY TKKLNTQ 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Apolipoprotein A-I: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-18 
                 18 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 19-24  
                 6 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
                 25-267 
                 243 
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
                 25-266 
                 242 
                 Apolipoprotein A-I(1-242) 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Calcitonin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Calcitonin precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P01258 (SEQ ID NO: 9)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MGFQKFSPFL ALSILVLLQA GSLHAAPFRS ALESSPADPA TLSEDEARLL LAALVQDYVQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 MKASELEQEQ EREGSSLDSP RSKRCGNLST CMLGTYTQDF NKFHTFPQTA IGVGAPGKKR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140 
               
               
                 DMSSDLERDH RPHVSMPQNA N 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Calcitonin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                  1-25 
                 25 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 26-82 
                 57 
                 Propeptide 
               
               
                   
               
               
                  85-116 
                 32 
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 121-141 
                 21 
                 Katacalcin 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 134-141 
                 32 
                 VSMPQNAN (SEQ ID NO: 10)→ 
               
               
                   
                   
                 NHCPEESL (SEQ ID NO: 11) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Thrombopoietin” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Thrombopoietin precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P40225 (SEQ ID NO: 12)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MELTELLLVV MLLLTARLTL SSPAPPACDL RVLSKLLRDS HVLHSRLSQC PEVHPLPTPV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 LLPAVDFSLG EWKTQMEETK AQDILGAVTL LLEGVMAARG QLGPTCLSSL LGQLSGQVRL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 LLGALQSLLG TQLPPQGRTT AHKDPNAIFL SFQHLLRGKV RFLMLVGGST LCVRRAPPTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 AVPSRTSLVL TLNELPNRTS GLLETNFTAS ARTTGSGLLK WQQGFRAKIP GLLNQTSRSL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 DQIPGYLNRI HELLNGTRGL FPGPSRRTLG APDISSGTSD TGSLPPNLQP GYSPSPTHPP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350 
               
               
                 TGQYTLFPLP PTLPTPVVQL HPLLPDPSAP TPTPTSPLLN TSYTHSQNLS QEG 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Thrombopoietin: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                  1-21 
                 21 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                  22-353 
                 332 
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
                 133-136 
                 4 
                 Missing in Thrombopoietin, isoform 2 
               
               
                   
                 160-198 
                 39 
                 Missing in Thrombopoietin, isoform 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “C-reactive protein” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the C-reactive protein precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P02741 (SEQ ID NO: 13)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MEKLLCFLVL TSLSHAFGQT DMSRKAFVFP KESDTSYVSL KAPLTKPLKA FTVCLHFYTE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 LSSTRGYSIF SYATKRQDNE ILIFWSKDIG YSFTVGGSEI LFEVPEVTVA PVHICTSWES 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 ASGIVEFWVD GKPRVRKSLK KGYTVGAEAS IILGQEQDSF GGNFEGSQSL VGDIGNVNMW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220 
               
               
                 DFVLSPDEIN TIYLGGPFSP NVLNWRALKY EVQGEVFTKP QLWP 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in C-reactive protein: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-18 
                 18 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 19-224 
                 206 
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
                 19-223 
                 205 
                 C-reactive protein (1-205) 
               
               
                   
                 67-199 
                 133 
                 Missing in isoform 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Intercellular adhesion molecule 3” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P32942 (SEQ ID NO: 14)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MATMVPSVLW PRACWTLLVC CLLTPGVQGQ EFLLRVEPQN PVLSAGGSLF VNCSTDCPSS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 EKIALETSLS KELVASGMGW AAFNLSNVTG NSRILCSVYC NGSQITGSSN ITVYRLPERV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 ELAPLPPWQP VGQNFTLRCQ VEDGSPRTSL TVVLLRWEEE LSRQPAVEEP AEVTATVLAS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 RDDHGAPFSC RTELDMQPQG LGLFVNTSAP RQLRTFVLPV TPPRLVAPRF LEVETSWPVD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 CTLDGLFPAS EAQVYLALGD QMLNATVMNH GDTLTATATA TARADQEGAR EIVCNVTLGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 ERREARENLT VFSFLGPIVN LSEPTAHEGS TVTVSCMAGA RVQVTLDGVP AAAPGQPAQL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 QLNATESDDG RSFFCSATLE VDGEFLHRNS SVQLRVLYGP KIDRATCPQH LKWKDKTRHV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 LQCQARGNPY PELRCLKEGS SREVPVGIPF FVNVTHNGTY QCQASSSRGK YTLVVVMDIE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 AGSSHFVPVF VAVLLTLGVV TIVLALMYVF REHQRSGSYH VREESTYLPL TSMQPTEAMG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 EEPSRAE 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Most preferably, the Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 assay detects one or more soluble forms of Intercellular adhesion molecule 3. Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 is a type I membrane protein having a large extracellular domain, most or all of which is present in soluble forms of Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 generated either through alternative splicing event which deletes all or a portion of the transmembrane domain, or by proteolysis of the membrane-bound form. In the case of an immunoassay, one or more antibodies that bind to epitopes within this extracellular domain may be used to detect these soluble form(s). The following domains have been identified in Intercellular adhesion molecule 3: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-29 
                 29 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 30-547 
                 518 
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                   
                 511-547  
                 37 
                 Cytoplasmic domain 
               
               
                   
                 486-510  
                 25 
                 transmembrane domain 
               
               
                   
                 30-485 
                 456 
                 Extracellular domain 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Macrophage metalloelastase” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Macrophage metalloelastase precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P39900 (SEQ ID NO: 15)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MKFLLILLLQ ATASGALPLN SSTSLEKNNV LFGERYLEKF YGLEINKLPV TKMKYSGNLM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 KEKIQEMQHF LGLKVTGQLD TSTLEMMHAP RCGVPDVHHF REMPGGPVWR KHYITYRINN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 YTPDMNREDV DYAIRKAFQV WSNVTPLKFS KINTGMADIL VVFARGAHGD FHAFDGKGGI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 LAHAFGPGSG IGGDAHFDED EFWTTHSGGT NLFLTAVHEI GHSLGLGHSS DPKAVMFPTY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 KYVDINTFRL SADDIRGIQS LYGDPKENQR LPNPDNSEPA LCDPNLSFDA VTTVGNKIFF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 FKDRFFWLKV SERPKTSVNL ISSLWPTLPS GIEAAYEIEA RNQVFLFKDD KYWLISNLRP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 EPNYPKSIHS FGFPNFVKKI DAAVFNPRFY RTYFFVDNQY WRYDERRQMM DPGYPKLITK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470 
               
               
                 NFQGIGPKID AVFYSKNKYY YFFQGSNQFE YDFLLQRITK TLKSNSWFGC 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Macrophage metalloelastase: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-16 
                 16 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 17-105 
                 89 
                 Activation peptide 
               
               
                   
                 106-470  
                 365 
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Apolipoprotein B-100” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the Apolipoprotein B-100 precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P04114 (SEQ ID NO: 16)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MDPPRPALLA LLALPALLLL LLAGARAEEE MLENVSLVCP KDATRFKHLR KYTYNYEAES 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 SSGVPGTADS RSATRINCKV ELEVPQLCSF ILKTSQCTLK EVYGFNPEGK ALLKKTKNSE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 EFAAAMSRYE LKLAIPEGKQ VFLYPEKDEP TYILNIKRGI ISALLVPPET EEAKQVLFLD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 TVYGNCSTHF TVKTRKGNVA TEISTERDLG QCDRFKPIRT GISPLALIKG MTRPLSTLIS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 SSQSCQYTLD AKRKHVAEAI CKEQHLFLPF SYNNKYGMVA QVTQTLKLED TPKINSRFFG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 EGTKKMGLAF ESTKSTSPPK QAEAVLKTLQ ELKKLTISEQ NIQRANLFNK LVTELRGLSD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 EAVTSLLPQL IEVSSPITLQ ALVQCGQPQC STHILQWLKR VHANPLLIDV VTYLVALIPE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 PSAQQLREIF NMARDQRSRA TLYALSHAVN NYHKTNPTGT QELLDIANYL MEQIQDDCTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 DEDYTYLILR VIGNMGQTME QLTPELKSSI LKCVQSTKPS LMIQKAAIQA LRKMEPKDKD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 QEVLLQTFLD DASPGDKRLA AYLMLMRSPS QADINKIVQI LPWEQNEQVK NFVASHIANI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 LNSEELDIQD LKKLVKEALK ESQLPTVMDF RKFSRNYQLY KSVSLPSLDP ASAKIEGNLI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 FDPNNYLPKE SMLKTTLTAF GFASADLIEI GLEGKGFEPT LEALFGKQGF FPDSVNKALY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 WVNGQVPDGV SKVLVDHFGY TKDDKHEQDM VNGIMLSVEK LIKDLKSKEV PEARAYLRIL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 GEELGFASLH DLQLLGKLLL MGARTLQGIP QMIGEVIRKG SKNDFFLHYI FMENAFELPT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860        870        880        890        900 
               
               
                 GAGLQLQISS SGVIAPGAKA GVKLEVANMQ AELVAKPSVS VEFVTNMGII IPDFARSGVQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        910        920        930        940        950        960 
               
               
                 MNTNFFHESG LEAHVALKAG KLKFIIPSPK RPVKLLSGGN TLHLVSTTKT EVIPPLIENR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        970        980        990       1000       1010       1020 
               
               
                 QSWSVCKQVF PGLNYCTSGA YSNASSTDSA SYYPLTGDTR LELELRPTGE IEQYSVSATY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1030       1040       1050       1060       1070       1080 
               
               
                 ELQREDRALV DTLKFVTQAE GAKQTEATMT FKYNRQSMTL SSEVQIPDFD VDLGTILRVN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1090       1100       1110       1120       1130       1140 
               
               
                 DESTEGKTSY RLTLDIQNKK ITEVALMGHL SCDTKEERKI KGVISIPRLQ AEARSEILAH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1150       1160       1170       1180       1190       1200 
               
               
                 WSPAKLLLQM DSSATAYGST VSKRVAWHYD EEKIEFEWNT GTNVDTKKMT SNFPVDLSDY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1210       1220       1230       1240       1250       1260 
               
               
                 PKSLHMYANR LLDHRVPETD MTFRHVGSKL IVAMSSWLQK ASGSLPYTQT LQDHLNSLKE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1270       1280       1290       1300       1310       1320 
               
               
                 FNLQNMGLPD FHIPENLFLK SDGRVKYTLN KNSLKIEIPL PFGGKSSRDL KMLETVRTPA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1330       1340       1350       1360       1370       1380 
               
               
                 LHFKSVGFHL PSREFQVPTF TIPKLYQLQV PLLGVLDLST NVYSNLYNWS ASYSGGNTST 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1390       1400       1410       1420       1430       1440 
               
               
                 DHFSLRARYH MKADSVVDLL SYNVQGSGET TYDHKNTFTL SCDGSLRHKF LDSNIKFSHV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1450       1460       1470       1480       1490       1500 
               
               
                 EKLGNNPVSK GLLIFDASSS WGPQMSASVH LDSKKKQHLF VKEVKIDGQF RVSSFYAKGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1510       1520       1530       1540       1550       1560 
               
               
                 YGLSCQRDPN TGRLNGESNL RFNSSYLQGT NQITGRYEDG TLSLTSTSDL QSGIIKNTAS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1570       1580       1590       1600       1610       1620 
               
               
                 LKYENYELTL KSDTNGKYKN FATSNKMDMT FSKQNALLRS EYQADYESLR FFSLLSGSLN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1630       1640       1650       1660       1670       1680 
               
               
                 SHGLELNADI LGTDKINSGA HKATLRIGQD GISTSATTNL KCSLLVLENE LNAELGLSGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1690       1700       1710       1720       1730       1740 
               
               
                 SMKLTTNGRF REHNAKFSLD GKAALTELSL GSAYQAMILG VDSKNIFNFK VSQEGLKLSN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1750       1760       1770       1780       1790       1800 
               
               
                 DMMGSYAEMK FDHTNSLNIA GLSLDFSSKL DNIYSSDKFY KQTVNLQLQP YSLVTTLNSD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1810       1820       1830       1840       1850       1860 
               
               
                 LKYNALDLTN NGKLRLEPLK LHVAGNLKGA YQNNEIKHIY AISSAALSAS YKADTVAKVQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1870       1880       1890       1900       1910       1920 
               
               
                 GVEFSHRLNT DIAGLASAID MSTNYNSDSL HFSNVFRSVM APFTMTIDAH TNGNGKLALW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1930       1940       1950       1960       1970       1980 
               
               
                 GEHTGQLYSK FLLKAEPLAF TFSHDYKGST SHHLVSRKSI SAALEHKVSA LLTPAEQTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       1990       2000       2010       2020       2030       2040 
               
               
                 WKLKTQFNNN EYSQDLDAYN TKDKIGVELT GRTLADLTLL DSPIKVPLLL SEPINIIDAL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2050       2060       2070       2080       2090       2100 
               
               
                 EMRDAVEKPQ EFTIVAFVKY DKNQDVHSIN LPFFETLQEY FERNRQTIIV VVENVQRNLK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2110       2120       2130       2140       2150       2160 
               
               
                 HINIDQFVRK YRAALGKLPQ QANDYLNSFN WERQVSHAKE KLTALTKKYR ITENDIQIAL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2170       2180       2190       2200       2210       2220 
               
               
                 DDAKINFNEK LSQLQTYMIQ FDQYIKDSYD LHDLKIAIAN IIDEIIEKLK SLDEHYHIRV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2230       2240       2250       2260       2270       2280 
               
               
                 NLVKTIHDLH LFIENIDFNK SGSSTASWIQ NVDTKYQIRI QIQEKLQQLK RHIQNIDIQH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2290       2300       2310       2320       2330       2340 
               
               
                 LAGKLKQHIE AIDVRVLLDQ LGTTISFERI NDVLEHVKHF VINLIGDFEV AEKINAFRAK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2350       2360       2370       2380       2390       2400 
               
               
                 VHELIERYEV DQQIQVLMDK LVELTHQYKL KETIQKLSNV LQQVKIKDYF EKLVGFIDDA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2410       2420       2430       2440       2450       2460 
               
               
                 VKKLNELSFK TFIEDVNKFL DMLIKKLKSF DYHQFVDETN DKIREVTQRL NGEIQALELP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2470       2480       2490       2500       2510       2520 
               
               
                 QKAEALKLFL EETKATVAVY LESLQDTKIT LIINWLQEAL SSASLAHMKA KFRETLEDTR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2530       2540       2550       2560       2570       2580 
               
               
                 DRMYQMDIQQ ELQRYLSLVG QVYSTLVTYI SDWWTLAAKN LTDFAEQYSI QDWAKRMKAL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2590       2600       2610       2620       2630       2640 
               
               
                 VEQGFTVPEI KTILGTMPAF EVSLQALQKA TFQTPDFIVP LTDLRIPSVQ INFKDLKNIK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2650       2660       2670       2680       2690       2700 
               
               
                 IPSRFSTPEF TILNTFHIPS FTIDFVEMKV KIIRTIDQMQ NSELQWPVPD IYLRDLKVED 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2710       2720       2730       2740       2750       2760 
               
               
                 IPLARITLPD FRLPEIAIPE FIIPTLNLND FQVPDLHIPE FQLPHISHTI EVPTFGKLYS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2770       2780       2790       2800       2810       2820 
               
               
                 ILKIQSPLFT LDANADIGNG TTSANEAGIA ASITAKGESK LEVLNFDFQA NAQLSNPKIN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2830       2840       2850       2860       2870       2880 
               
               
                 PLALKESVKF SSKYLRTEHG SEMLFFGNAI EGKSNTVASL HTEKNTLELS NGVIVKINNQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2890       2900       2910       2920       2930       2940 
               
               
                 LTLDSNTKYF HKLNIPKLDF SSQADLRNEI KTLLKAGHIA WTSSGKGSWK WACPRFSDEG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       2950       2960       2970       2980       2990       3000 
               
               
                 THESQISFTI EGPLTSFGLS NKINSKHLRV NQNLVYESGS LNFSKLEIQS QVDSQHVGHS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3010       3020       3030       3040       3050       3060 
               
               
                 VLTAKGMALF GEGKAEFTGR HDAHLNGKVI GTLKNSLFFS AQPFEITAST NNEGNLKVRF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3070       3080       3090       3100       3110       3120 
               
               
                 PLRLTGKIDF LNNYALFLSP SAQQASWQVS ARFNQYKYNQ NFSAGNNENI MEAHVGINGE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3130       3140       3150       3160       3170       3180 
               
               
                 ANLDFLNIPL TIPEMRLPYT IITTPPLKDF SLWEKTGLKE FLKTTKQSFD LSVKAQYKKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3190       3200       3210       3220       3230       3240 
               
               
                 KHRHSITNPL AVLCEFISQS IKSFDRHFEK NRNNALDFVT KSYNETKIKF DKYKAEKSHD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3250       3260       3270       3280       3290       3300 
               
               
                 ELPRTFQIPG YTVPVVNVEV SPFTIEMSAF GYVFPKAVSM PSFSILGSDV RVPSYTLILP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3310       3320       3330       3340       3350       3360 
               
               
                 SLELPVLHVP RNLKLSLPHF KELCTISHIF IPAMGNITYD FSFKSSVITL NTNAELFNQS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3370       3380       3390       3400       3410       3420 
               
               
                 DIVAHLLSSS SSVIDALQYK LEGTTRLTRK RGLKLATALS LSNKFVEGSH NSTVSLTTKN 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3430       3440       3450       3460       3470       3480 
               
               
                 MEVSVAKTTK AEIPILRMNF KQELNGNTKS KPTVSSSMEF KYDFNSSMLY STAKGAVDHK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3490       3500       3510       3520       3530       3540 
               
               
                 LSLESLTSYF SIESSTKGDV KGSVLSREYS GTIASEANTY LNSKSTRSSV KLQGTSKIDD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3550       3560       3570       3580       3590       3600 
               
               
                 IWNLEVKENF AGEATLQRIY SLWEHSTKNH LQLEGLFFTN GEHTSKATLE LSPWQMSALV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3610       3620       3630       3640       3650       3660 
               
               
                 QVHASQPSSF HDFPDLGQEV ALNANTKNQK IRWKNEVRIH SGSFQSQVEL SNDQEKAHLD 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3670       3680       3690       3700       3710       3720 
               
               
                 IAGSLEGHLR FLKNIILPVY DKSLWDFLKL DVTTSIGRRQ HLRVSTAFVY TKNPNGYSFS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3730       3740       3750       3760       3770       3780 
               
               
                 IPVKVLADKF ITPGLKLNDL NSVLVMPTFH VPFTDLQVPS CKLDFREIQI YKKLRTSSFA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3790       3800       3810       3820       3830       3840 
               
               
                 LNLPTLPEVK FPEVDVLTKY SQPEDSLIPF FEITVPESQL TVSQFTLPKS VSDGIAALDL 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3850       3860       3870       3880       3890       3900 
               
               
                 NAVANKIADF ELPTIIVPEQ TIEIPSIKFS VPAGIVIPSF QALTARFEVD SPVYNATWSA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3910       3920       3930       3940       3950       3960 
               
               
                 SLKNKADYVE TVLDSTCSST VQFLEYELNV LGTHKIEDGT LASKTKGTLA HRDFSAEYEE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       3970       3980       3990       4000       4010       4020 
               
               
                 DGKFEGLQEW EGKAHLNIKS PAFTDLHLRY QKDKKGISTS AASPAVGTVG MDMDEDDDFS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4030       4040       4050       4060       4070       4080 
               
               
                 KWNFYYSPQS SPDKKLTIFK TELRVRESDE ETQIKVNWEE EAASGLLTSL KDNVPKATGV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4090       4100       4110       4120       4130       4140 
               
               
                 LYDYVNKYHW EHTGLTLREV SSKLRRNLQN NAEWVYQGAI RQIDDIDVRF QKAASGTTGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4150       4160       4170       4180       4190       4200 
               
               
                 YQEWKDKAQN LYQELLTQEG QASFQGLKDN VFDGLVRVTQ KFHMKVKHLI DSLIDFLNFP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4210       4220       4230       4240       4250       4260 
               
               
                 RFQFPGKPGI YTREELCTMF IREVGTVLSQ VYSKVHNGSE ILFSYFQDLV ITLPFELRKH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4270       4280       4290       4300       4310       4320 
               
               
                 KLIDVISMYR ELLKDLSKEA QEVFKAIQSL KTTEVLRNLQ DLLQFIFQLI EDNIKQLKEM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4330       4340       4350       4360       4370       4380 
               
               
                 KFTYLINYIQ DEINTIFNDY IPYVFKLLKE NLCLNLHKFN EFIQNELQEA SQELQQIHQY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4390       4400       4410       4420       4430       4440 
               
               
                 IMALREEYFD PSIVGWTVKY YELEEKIVSL IKNLLVALKD FHSEYIVSAS NFTSQLSSQV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4450       4460       4470       4480       4490       4500 
               
               
                 EQFLHRNIQE YLSILTDPDG KGKEKIAELS ATAQEIIKSQ AIATKKIISD YHQQFRYKLQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                       4510       4520       4530       4540       4550       4560 
               
               
                 DFSDQLSDYY EKFIAESKRL IDLSIQNYHT FLIYITELLK KLQSTTVMNP YMKLAPGELT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 IIL 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Apolipoprotein B-100: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-27  
                 27 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 28-4563 
                 4536 
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
                 28-2179 
                 2152 
                 Apolipoprotein B-48 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “Fibrinogen” refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from one or more Fibrinogen precursors. Fibrinogen is a heterohexamer containing 2 sets of 3 non-identical chains (alpha, beta and gamma). The sequences of the fibrinogen precursors are: 
     Alpha chain precursor (human precursor Swiss-Prot P02671 (SEQ ID NO: 17)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MFSMRIVCLV LSVVGTAWTA DSGEGDFLAE GGGVRGPRVV ERHQSACKDS DWPFCSDEDW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 NYKCPSGCRM KGLIDEVNQD FTNRINKLKN SLFEYQKNNK DSHSLTTNIM EILRGDFSSA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 NNRDNTYNRV SEDLRSRIEV LKRKVIEKVQ HIQLLQKNVR AQLVDMKRLE VDIDIKIRSC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 RGSCSRALAR EVDLKDYEDQ QKQLEQVIAK DLLPSRDRQH LPLIKMKPVP DLVPGNFKSQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 LQKVPPEWKA LTDMPQMRME LERPGGNEIT RGGSTSYGTG SETESPRNPS SAGSWNSGSS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 GPGSTGNRNP GSSGTGGTAT WKPGSSGPGS TGSWNSGSSG TGSTGNQNPG SPRPGSTGTW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 NPGSSERGSA GHWTSESSVS GSTGQWHSES GSFRPDSPGS GNARPNNPDW GTFEEVSGNV 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 SPGTRREYHT EKLVTSKGDK ELRTGKEKVT SGSTTTTRRS CSKTVTKTVI GPDGHKEVTK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490        500        510        520        530        540 
               
               
                 EVVTSEDGSD CPEAMDLGTL SGIGTLDGFR HRHPDEAAFF DTASTGKTFP GFFSPMLGEF 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        550        560        570        580        590        600 
               
               
                 VSETESRGSE SGIFTNTKES SSHHPGIAEF PSRGKSSSYS KQFTSSTSYN RGDSTFESKS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        610        620        630        640        650        660 
               
               
                 YKMADEAGSE ADHEGTHSTK RGHAKSRPVR DCDDVLQTHP SGTQSGIFNI KLPGSSKIFS 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        670        680        690        700        710        720 
               
               
                 VYCDQETSLG GWLLIQQRMD GSLNFNRTWQ DYKRGFGSLN DEGEGEFWLG NDYLHLLTQR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        730        740        750        760        770        780 
               
               
                 GSVLRVELED WAGNEAYAEY HFRVGSEAEG YALQVSSYEG TAGDALIEGS VEEGAEYTSH 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        790        800        810        820        830        840 
               
               
                 NNMQFSTFDR DADQWEENCA EVYGGGWWYN NCQAANLNGI YYPGGSYDPR NNSPYEIENG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        850        860 
               
               
                 VVWVSFRGAD YSLRAVRMKI RPLVTQ 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Fibrinogen alpha chain: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-19 
                 19 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 20-35  
                 16 
                 Fibrinopeptide A 
               
               
                   
                 36-866 
                 831 
                 Fibrinogen alpha chain 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Beta chain (human precursor Swiss-Prot P02675 (SEQ ID NO: 18)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MKRMVSWSFH KLKTMKHLLL LLLCVFLVKS QGVNDNEEGF FSARGHRPLD KKREEAPSLR 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 PAPPPISGGG YRARPAKAAA TQKKVERKAP DAGGCLHADP DLGVLCPTGC QLQEALLQQE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 RPIRNSVDEL NNNVEAVSQT SSSSFQYMYL LKDLWQKRQK QVKDNENVVN EYSSELEKHQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 LYIDETVNSN IPTNLRVLRS ILENLRSKIQ KLESDVSAQM EYCRTPCTVS CNIPVVSGKE 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 CEEIIRKGGE TSEMYLIQPD SSVKPYRVYC DMNTENGGWT VIQNRQDGSV DFGRKWDPYK 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 QGFGNVATNT DGKNYCGLPG EYWLGNDKIS QLTRMGPTEL LIEMEDWKGD KVKAHYGGFT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 VQNEANKYQI SVNKYRGTAG NALMDGASQL MGENRTMTIH NGMFFSTYDR DNDGWLTSDP 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450        460        470        480 
               
               
                 RKQCSKEDGG GWWYNRCHAA NPNGRYYWGG QYTWDMAKHG TDDGVVWMNW KGSWYSMRKM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        490 
               
               
                 SMKIRPFFPQ Q 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Fibrinogen beta chain: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-30 
                 30 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 31-44  
                 14 
                 Fibrinopeptide B 
               
               
                   
                 45-491 
                 447 
                 Fibrinogen beta chain 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Gamma chain (human precursor Swiss-Prot P02679 (SEQ ID NO: 19)) 
     
       
         
           
               
               
            
               
                         10         20         30         40         50         60 
                   
               
               
                 MSWSLHPRNL ILYFYALLFL SSTCVAYVAT RDNCCILDER FGSYCPTTCG IADFLSTYQT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                         70         80         90        100        110        120 
               
               
                 KVDKDLQSLE DILHQVENKT SEVKQLIKAI QLTYNPDESS KPNMIDAATL KSRKMLEEIM 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        130        140        150        160        170        180 
               
               
                 KYEASILTHD SSIRYLQEIY NSNNQKIVNL KEKVAQLEAQ CQEPCKDTVQ IHDITGKDCQ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        190        200        210        220        230        240 
               
               
                 DIANKGAKQS GLYFIKPLKA NQQFLVYCEI DGSGNGWTVF QKRLDGSVDF KKNWIQYKEG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        250        260        270        280        290        300 
               
               
                 FGHLSPTGTT EFWLGNEKIH LISTQSAIPY ALRVELEDWN GRTSTADYAM FKVGPEADKY 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        310        320        330        340        350        360 
               
               
                 RLTYAYFAGG DAGDAFDGFD FGDDPSDKFF TSHNGMQFST WDNDNDKFEG NCAEQDGSGW 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        370        380        390        400        410        420 
               
               
                 WMNKCHAGHL NGVYYQGGTY SKASTPNGYD NGIIWATWKT RWYSMKKTTM KIIPFNRLTI 
               
               
                   
               
               
                        430        440        450 
               
               
                 GEGQQHHLGG AKQVRPEHPA ETEYDSLYPE DDL 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The following domains have been identified in Fibrinogen gamma chain: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Residues 
                 Length 
                 Domain ID 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 1-26 
                 26 
                 Signal peptide 
               
               
                   
                 27-453 
                 831 
                 Fibrinogen gamma chain 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As used herein, the term “relating a signal to the presence or amount” of an analyte reflects the following understanding. Assay signals are typically related to the presence or amount of an analyte through the use of a standard curve calculated using known concentrations of the analyte of interest. As the term is used herein, an assay is “configured to detect” an analyte if an assay can generate a detectable signal indicative of the presence or amount of a physiologically relevant concentration of the analyte. Because an antibody epitope is on the order of 8 amino acids, an immunoassay configured to detect a marker of interest will also detect polypeptides related to the marker sequence, so long as those polypeptides contain the epitope(s) necessary to bind to the antibody or antibodies used in the assay. The term “related marker” as used herein with regard to a biomarker such as one of the kidney injury markers described herein refers to one or more fragments, variants, etc., of a particular marker or its biosynthetic parent that may be detected as a surrogate for the marker itself or as independent biomarkers. The term also refers to one or more polypeptides present in a biological sample that are derived from the biomarker precursor complexed to additional species, such as binding proteins, receptors, heparin, lipids, sugars, etc. 
     In this regard, the skilled artisan will understand that the signals obtained from an immunoassay are a direct result of complexes formed between one or more antibodies and the target biomolecule (i.e., the analyte) and polypeptides containing the necessary epitope(s) to which the antibodies bind. While such assays may detect the full length biomarker and the assay result be expressed as a concentration of a biomarker of interest, the signal from the assay is actually a result of all such “immunoreactive” polypeptides present in the sample. Expression of biomarkers may also be determined by means other than immunoassays, including protein measurements (such as dot blots, western blots, chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry, etc.) and nucleic acid measurements (mRNA quatitation). This list is not meant to be limiting. 
     The term “positive going” marker as that term is used herein refer to a marker that is determined to be elevated in subjects suffering from a disease or condition, relative to subjects not suffering from that disease or condition. The term “negative going” marker as that term is used herein refer to a marker that is determined to be reduced in subjects suffering from a disease or condition, relative to subjects not suffering from that disease or condition. 
     The term “subject” as used herein refers to a human or non-human organism. Thus, the methods and compositions described herein are applicable to both human and veterinary disease. Further, while a subject is preferably a living organism, the invention described herein may be used in post-mortem analysis as well. Preferred subjects are humans, and most preferably “patients,” which as used herein refers to living humans that are receiving medical care for a disease or condition. This includes persons with no defined illness who are being investigated for signs of pathology. 
     Preferably, an analyte is measured in a sample. Such a sample may be obtained from a subject, or may be obtained from biological materials intended to be provided to the subject. For example, a sample may be obtained from a kidney being evaluated for possible transplantation into a subject, and an analyte measurement used to evaluate the kidney for preexisting damage. Preferred samples are body fluid samples. 
     The term “body fluid sample” as used herein refers to a sample of bodily fluid obtained for the purpose of diagnosis, prognosis, classification or evaluation of a subject of interest, such as a patient or transplant donor. In certain embodiments, such a sample may be obtained for the purpose of determining the outcome of an ongoing condition or the effect of a treatment regimen on a condition. Preferred body fluid samples include blood, serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, saliva, sputum, and pleural effusions. In addition, one of skill in the art would realize that certain body fluid samples would be more readily analyzed following a fractionation or purification procedure, for example, separation of whole blood into serum or plasma components. 
     The term “diagnosis” as used herein refers to methods by which the skilled artisan can estimate and/or determine the probability (“a likelihood”) of whether or not a patient is suffering from a given disease or condition. In the case of the present invention, “diagnosis” includes using the results of an assay, most preferably an immunoassay, for a kidney injury marker of the present invention, optionally together with other clinical characteristics, to arrive at a diagnosis (that is, the occurrence or nonoccurrence) of an acute renal injury or ARF for the subject from which a sample was obtained and assayed. That such a diagnosis is “determined” is not meant to imply that the diagnosis is 100% accurate. Many biomarkers are indicative of multiple conditions. The skilled clinician does not use biomarker results in an informational vacuum, but rather test results are used together with other clinical indicia to arrive at a diagnosis. Thus, a measured biomarker level on one side of a predetermined diagnostic threshold indicates a greater likelihood of the occurrence of disease in the subject relative to a measured level on the other side of the predetermined diagnostic threshold. 
     Similarly, a prognostic risk signals a probability (“a likelihood”) that a given course or outcome will occur. A level or a change in level of a prognostic indicator, which in turn is associated with an increased probability of morbidity (e.g., worsening renal function, future ARF, or death) is referred to as being “indicative of an increased likelihood” of an adverse outcome in a patient. 
     Marker Assays 
     In general, immunoassays involve contacting a sample containing or suspected of containing a biomarker of interest with at least one antibody that specifically binds to the biomarker. A signal is then generated indicative of the presence or amount of complexes formed by the binding of polypeptides in the sample to the antibody. The signal is then related to the presence or amount of the biomarker in the sample. Numerous methods and devices are well known to the skilled artisan for the detection and analysis of biomarkers. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,143,576; 6,113,855; 6,019,944; 5,985,579; 5,947,124; 5,939,272; 5,922,615; 5,885,527; 5,851,776; 5,824,799; 5,679,526; 5,525,524; and 5,480,792, and  The Immunoassay Handbook , David Wild, ed. Stockton Press, New York, 1994, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including all tables, figures and claims. 
     The assay devices and methods known in the art can utilize labeled molecules in various sandwich, competitive, or non-competitive assay formats, to generate a signal that is related to the presence or amount of the biomarker of interest. Suitable assay formats also include chromatographic, mass spectrographic, and protein “blotting” methods. Additionally, certain methods and devices, such as biosensors and optical immunoassays, may be employed to determine the presence or amount of analytes without the need for a labeled molecule. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,631,171; and 5,955,377, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including all tables, figures and claims. One skilled in the art also recognizes that robotic instrumentation including but not limited to Beckman ACCESS®, Abbott AXSYM®, Roche ELECSYS®, Dade Behring STRATUS® systems are among the immunoassay analyzers that are capable of performing immunoassays. But any suitable immunoassay may be utilized, for example, enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISA), radioimmunoassays (RIAs), competitive binding assays, and the like. 
     Antibodies or other polypeptides may be immobilized onto a variety of solid supports for use in assays. Solid phases that may be used to immobilize specific binding members include those developed and/or used as solid phases in solid phase binding assays. Examples of suitable solid phases include membrane filters, cellulose-based papers, beads (including polymeric, latex and paramagnetic particles), glass, silicon wafers, microparticles, nanoparticles, TentaGels, AgroGels, PEGA gels, SPOCC gels, and multiple-well plates. An assay strip could be prepared by coating the antibody or a plurality of antibodies in an array on solid support. This strip could then be dipped into the test sample and then processed quickly through washes and detection steps to generate a measurable signal, such as a colored spot. Antibodies or other polypeptides may be bound to specific zones of assay devices either by conjugating directly to an assay device surface, or by indirect binding. In an example of the later case, antibodies or other polypeptides may be immobilized on particles or other solid supports, and that solid support immobilized to the device surface. 
     Biological assays require methods for detection, and one of the most common methods for quantitation of results is to conjugate a detectable label to a protein or nucleic acid that has affinity for one of the components in the biological system being studied. Detectable labels may include molecules that are themselves detectable (e.g., fluorescent moieties, electrochemical labels, metal chelates, etc.) as well as molecules that may be indirectly detected by production of a detectable reaction product (e.g., enzymes such as horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, etc.) or by a specific binding molecule which itself may be detectable (e.g., biotin, digoxigenin, maltose, oligohistidine, 2,4-dintrobenzene, phenylarsenate, ssDNA, dsDNA, etc.). 
     Preparation of solid phases and detectable label conjugates often comprise the use of chemical cross-linkers. Cross-linking reagents contain at least two reactive groups, and are divided generally into homofunctional cross-linkers (containing identical reactive groups) and heterofunctional cross-linkers (containing non-identical reactive groups). Homobifunctional cross-linkers that couple through amines, sulfhydryls or react non-specifically are available from many commercial sources. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, alpha-haloacyls and pyridyl disulfides are thiol reactive groups. Maleimides, alkyl and aryl halides, and alpha-haloacyls react with sulfhydryls to form thiol ether bonds, while pyridyl disulfides react with sulfhydryls to produce mixed disulfides. The pyridyl disulfide product is cleavable. Imidoesters are also very useful for protein-protein cross-links. A variety of heterobifunctional cross-linkers, each combining different attributes for successful conjugation, are commercially available. 
     In certain aspects, the present invention provides kits for the analysis of the described kidney injury markers. The kit comprises reagents for the analysis of at least one test sample which comprise at least one antibody that a kidney injury marker. The kit can also include devices and instructions for performing one or more of the diagnostic and/or prognostic correlations described herein. Preferred kits will comprise an antibody pair for performing a sandwich assay, or a labeled species for performing a competitive assay, for the analyte. Preferably, an antibody pair comprises a first antibody conjugated to a solid phase and a second antibody conjugated to a detectable label, wherein each of the first and second antibodies that bind a kidney injury marker. Most preferably each of the antibodies are monoclonal antibodies. The instructions for use of the kit and performing the correlations can be in the form of labeling, which refers to any written or recorded material that is attached to, or otherwise accompanies a kit at any time during its manufacture, transport, sale or use. For example, the term labeling encompasses advertising leaflets and brochures, packaging materials, instructions, audio or video cassettes, computer discs, as well as writing imprinted directly on kits. 
     Antibodies 
     The term “antibody” as used herein refers to a peptide or polypeptide derived from, modeled after or substantially encoded by an immunoglobulin gene or immunoglobulin genes, or fragments thereof, capable of specifically binding an antigen or epitope. See, e.g. Fundamental Immunology, 3rd Edition, W.E. Paul, ed., Raven Press, N.Y. (1993); Wilson (1994; J. Immunol. Methods 175:267-273; Yarmush (1992) J. Biochem. Biophys. Methods 25:85-97. The term antibody includes antigen-binding portions, i.e., “antigen binding sites,” (e.g., fragments, subsequences, complementarity determining regions (CDRs)) that retain capacity to bind antigen, including (i) a Fab fragment, a monovalent fragment consisting of the VL, VH, CL and CH1 domains; (ii) a F(ab′)2 fragment, a bivalent fragment comprising two Fab fragments linked by a disulfide bridge at the hinge region; (iii) a Fd fragment consisting of the VH and CH1 domains; (iv) a Fv fragment consisting of the VL and VH domains of a single arm of an antibody, (v) a dAb fragment (Ward et al., (1989) Nature 341:544-546), which consists of a VH domain; and (vi) an isolated complementarity determining region (CDR). Single chain antibodies are also included by reference in the term “antibody.” 
     Antibodies used in the immunoassays described herein preferably specifically bind to a kidney injury marker of the present invention. The term “specifically binds” is not intended to indicate that an antibody binds exclusively to its intended target since, as noted above, an antibody binds to any polypeptide displaying the epitope(s) to which the antibody binds. Rather, an antibody “specifically binds” if its affinity for its intended target is about 5-fold greater when compared to its affinity for a non-target molecule which does not display the appropriate epitope(s). Preferably the affinity of the antibody will be at least about 5 fold, preferably 10 fold, more preferably 25-fold, even more preferably 50-fold, and most preferably 100-fold or more, greater for a target molecule than its affinity for a non-target molecule. In preferred embodiments, Preferred antibodies bind with affinities of at least about 10 7  M −1 , and preferably between about 10 8  M −1  to about 10 9  M −1 , about 10 9  M −1  to about 10 10  M −1 , or about 10 10  M −1  to about 10 12  M −1 . 
     Affinity is calculated as K d =k off /k on  (k off  is the dissociation rate constant, K on  is the association rate constant and K d  is the equilibrium constant). Affinity can be determined at equilibrium by measuring the fraction bound (r) of labeled ligand at various concentrations (c). The data are graphed using the Scatchard equation: r/c=K(n−r): where r=moles of bound ligand/mole of receptor at equilibrium; c=free ligand concentration at equilibrium; K=equilibrium association constant; and n=number of ligand binding sites per receptor molecule. By graphical analysis, r/c is plotted on the Y-axis versus r on the X-axis, thus producing a Scatchard plot. Antibody affinity measurement by Scatchard analysis is well known in the art. See, e.g., van Erp et al.,  J. Immunoassay  12: 425-43, 1991; Nelson and Griswold,  Comput. Methods Programs Biomed.  27: 65-8, 1988. 
     The term “epitope” refers to an antigenic determinant capable of specific binding to an antibody. Epitopes usually consist of chemically active surface groupings of molecules such as amino acids or sugar side chains and usually have specific three dimensional structural characteristics, as well as specific charge characteristics. Conformational and nonconformational epitopes are distinguished in that the binding to the former but not the latter is lost in the presence of denaturing solvents. 
     Numerous publications discuss the use of phage display technology to produce and screen libraries of polypeptides for binding to a selected analyte. See, e.g, Cwirla et al.,  Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA  87, 6378-82, 1990; Devlin et al.,  Science  249, 404-6, 1990, Scott and Smith,  Science  249, 386-88, 1990; and Ladner et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,571,698. A basic concept of phage display methods is the establishment of a physical association between DNA encoding a polypeptide to be screened and the polypeptide. This physical association is provided by the phage particle, which displays a polypeptide as part of a capsid enclosing the phage genome which encodes the polypeptide. The establishment of a physical association between polypeptides and their genetic material allows simultaneous mass screening of very large numbers of phage bearing different polypeptides. Phage displaying a polypeptide with affinity to a target bind to the target and these phage are enriched by affinity screening to the target. The identity of polypeptides displayed from these phage can be determined from their respective genomes. Using these methods a polypeptide identified as having a binding affinity for a desired target can then be synthesized in bulk by conventional means. See, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,057,098, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety, including all tables, figures, and claims. 
     The antibodies that are generated by these methods may then be selected by first screening for affinity and specificity with the purified polypeptide of interest and, if required, comparing the results to the affinity and specificity of the antibodies with polypeptides that are desired to be excluded from binding. The screening procedure can involve immobilization of the purified polypeptides in separate wells of microtiter plates. The solution containing a potential antibody or groups of antibodies is then placed into the respective microtiter wells and incubated for about 30 min to 2 h. The microtiter wells are then washed and a labeled secondary antibody (for example, an anti-mouse antibody conjugated to alkaline phosphatase if the raised antibodies are mouse antibodies) is added to the wells and incubated for about 30 min and then washed. Substrate is added to the wells and a color reaction will appear where antibody to the immobilized polypeptide(s) are present. 
     The antibodies so identified may then be further analyzed for affinity and specificity in the assay design selected. In the development of immunoassays for a target protein, the purified target protein acts as a standard with which to judge the sensitivity and specificity of the immunoassay using the antibodies that have been selected. Because the binding affinity of various antibodies may differ; certain antibody pairs (e.g., in sandwich assays) may interfere with one another sterically, etc., assay performance of an antibody may be a more important measure than absolute affinity and specificity of an antibody. 
     While the present application describes antibody-based binding assays in detail, alternatives to antibodies as binding species in assays are well known in the art. These include receptors for a particular target, aptamers, etc. Aptamers are oligonucleic acid or peptide molecules that bind to a specific target molecule. Aptamers are usually created by selecting them from a large random sequence pool, but natural aptamers also exist. High-affinity aptamers containing modified nucleotides conferring improved characteristics on the ligand, such as improved in vivo stability or improved delivery characteristics. Examples of such modifications include chemical substitutions at the ribose and/or phosphate and/or base positions, and may include amino acid side chain functionalities. 
     Assay Correlations 
     The term “correlating” as used herein in reference to the use of biomarkers refers to comparing the presence or amount of the biomarker(s) in a patient to its presence or amount in persons known to suffer from, or known to be at risk of, a given condition; or in persons known to be free of a given condition. Often, this takes the form of comparing an assay result in the form of a biomarker concentration to a predetermined threshold selected to be indicative of the occurrence or nonoccurrence of a disease or the likelihood of some future outcome. 
     Selecting a diagnostic threshold involves, among other things, consideration of the probability of disease, distribution of true and false diagnoses at different test thresholds, and estimates of the consequences of treatment (or a failure to treat) based on the diagnosis. For example, when considering administering a specific therapy which is highly efficacious and has a low level of risk, few tests are needed because clinicians can accept substantial diagnostic uncertainty. On the other hand, in situations where treatment options are less effective and more risky, clinicians often need a higher degree of diagnostic certainty. Thus, cost/benefit analysis is involved in selecting a diagnostic threshold. 
     Suitable thresholds may be determined in a variety of ways. For example, one recommended diagnostic threshold for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction using cardiac troponin is the 97.5th percentile of the concentration seen in a normal population. Another method may be to look at serial samples from the same patient, where a prior “baseline” result is used to monitor for temporal changes in a biomarker level. 
     Population studies may also be used to select a decision threshold. Reciever Operating Characteristic (“ROC”) arose from the field of signal detection theory developed during World War II for the analysis of radar images, and ROC analysis is often used to select a threshold able to best distinguish a “diseased” subpopulation from a “nondiseased” subpopulation. A false positive in this case occurs when the person tests positive, but actually does not have the disease. A false negative, on the other hand, occurs when the person tests negative, suggesting they are healthy, when they actually do have the disease. To draw a ROC curve, the true positive rate (TPR) and false positive rate (FPR) are determined as the decision threshold is varied continuously. Since TPR is equivalent with sensitivity and FPR is equal to 1−specificity, the ROC graph is sometimes called the sensitivity vs (1−specificity) plot. A perfect test will have an area under the ROC curve of 1.0; a random test will have an area of 0.5. A threshold is selected to provide an acceptable level of specificity and sensitivity. 
     In this context, “diseased” is meant to refer to a population having one characteristic (the presence of a disease or condition or the occurrence of some outcome) and “nondiseased” is meant to refer to a population lacking the characteristic. While a single decision threshold is the simplest application of such a method, multiple decision thresholds may be used. For example, below a first threshold, the absence of disease may be assigned with relatively high confidence, and above a second threshold the presence of disease may also be assigned with relatively high confidence. Between the two thresholds may be considered indeterminate. This is meant to be exemplary in nature only. 
     In addition to threshold comparisons, other methods for correlating assay results to a patient classification (occurrence or nonoccurrence of disease, likelihood of an outcome, etc.) include decision trees, rule sets, Bayesian methods, and neural network methods. These methods can produce probability values representing the degree to which a subject belongs to one classification out of a plurality of classifications. 
     Measures of test accuracy may be obtained as described in Fischer et al.,  Intensive Care Med.  29: 1043-51, 2003, and used to determine the effectiveness of a given biomarker. These measures include sensitivity and specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and ROC curve areas. The area under the curve (“AUC”) of a ROC plot is equal to the probability that a classifier will rank a randomly chosen positive instance higher than a randomly chosen negative one. The area under the ROC curve may be thought of as equivalent to the Mann-Whitney U test, which tests for the median difference between scores obtained in the two groups considered if the groups are of continuous data, or to the Wilcoxon test of ranks. 
     As discussed above, suitable tests may exhibit one or more of the following results on these various measures: a specificity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9 and most preferably at least 0.95, with a corresponding sensitivity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than 0.3, more preferably greater than 0.4, still more preferably at least 0.5, even more preferably 0.6, yet more preferably greater than 0.7, still more preferably greater than 0.8, more preferably greater than 0.9, and most preferably greater than 0.95; a sensitivity of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9 and most preferably at least 0.95, with a corresponding specificity greater than 0.2, preferably greater than 0.3, more preferably greater than 0.4, still more preferably at least 0.5, even more preferably 0.6, yet more preferably greater than 0.7, still more preferably greater than 0.8, more preferably greater than 0.9, and most preferably greater than 0.95; at least 75% sensitivity, combined with at least 75% specificity; a ROC curve area of greater than 0.5, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably 0.7, still more preferably at least 0.8, even more preferably at least 0.9, and most preferably at least 0.95; an odds ratio different from 1, preferably at least about 2 or more or about 0.5 or less, more preferably at least about 3 or more or about 0.33 or less, still more preferably at least about 4 or more or about 0.25 or less, even more preferably at least about 5 or more or about 0.2 or less, and most preferably at least about 10 or more or about 0.1 or less; a positive likelihood ratio (calculated as sensitivity/(1-specificity)) of greater than 1, at least 2, more preferably at least 3, still more preferably at least 5, and most preferably at least 10; and or a negative likelihood ratio (calculated as (1-sensitivity)/specificity) of less than 1, less than or equal to 0.5, more preferably less than or equal to 0.3, and most preferably less than or equal to 0.1 
     Additional clinical indicia may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention. These include other biomarkers related to renal status. Examples include the following, which recite the common biomarker name, followed by the Swiss-Prot entry number for that biomarker or its parent: Actin (P68133); Adenosine deaminase binding protein (DPP4, P27487); Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (P02763); Alpha-1-microglobulin (P02760); Albumin (P02768); Angiotensinogenase (Renin, P00797); Annexin A2 (P07355); Beta-glucuronidase (P08236); B-2-microglobulin (P61679); Beta-galactosidase (P16278); BMP-7 (P18075); Brain natriuretic peptide (proBNP, BNP-32, NTproBNP; P16860); Calcium-binding protein Beta (S100-beta, P04271); Carbonic anhydrase (Q16790); Casein Kinase 2 (P68400); Ceruloplasmin (P00450); Clusterin (P10909); Complement C3 (P01024); Cysteine-rich protein (CYR61, O00622); Cytochrome C (P99999); Epidermal growth factor (EGF, P01133); Endothelin-1 (P05305); Exosomal Fetuin-A (P02765); Fatty acid-binding protein, heart (FABP3, P05413); Fatty acid-binding protein, liver (P07148); Ferritin (light chain, P02793; heavy chain P02794); Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase (P09467); GRO-alpha (CXCL1, (P09341); Growth Hormone (P01241); Hepatocyte growth factor (P14210); Insulin-like growth factor I (P01343); Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin Light Chains (Kappa and Lambda); Interferon gamma (P01308); Lysozyme (P61626); Interleukin-1alpha (P01583); Interleukin-2 (P60568); Interleukin-4 (P60568); Interleukin-9 (P15248); Interleukin-12p40 (P29460); Interleukin-13 (P35225); Interleukin-16 (Q14005); L1 cell adhesion molecule (P32004); Lactate dehydrogenase (P00338); Leucine Aminopeptidase (P28838); Meprin A-alpha subunit (Q16819); Meprin A-beta subunit (Q16820); Midkine (P21741); MIP2-alpha (CXCL2, P19875); MMP-2 (P08253); MMP-9 (P14780); Netrin-1 (O95631); Neutral endopeptidase (P08473); Osteopontin (P10451); Renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA1); Renal papillary antigen 2 (RPA2); Retinol binding protein (P09455); Ribonuclease; S100 calcium-binding protein A6 (P06703); Serum Amyloid P Component (P02743); Sodium/Hydrogen exchanger isoform (NHE3, P48764); Spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (P21673); TGF-Beta1 (P01137); Transferrin (P02787); Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3, Q07654); Toll-Like protein 4 (O00206); Total protein; Tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen (Q9UJW2); Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein, P07911). 
     For purposes of risk stratification, Adiponectin (Q15848); Alkaline phosphatase (P05186); Aminopeptidase N (P15144); CalbindinD28k (P05937); Cystatin C (P01034); 8 subunit of FIFO ATPase (P03928); Gamma-glutamyltransferase (P19440); GSTa (alpha-glutathione-S-transferase, P08263); GSTpi (Glutathione-S-transferase P; GST class-pi; P09211); IGFBP-1 (P08833); IGFBP-2 (P18065); IGFBP-6 (P24592); Integral membrane protein 1 (Itm1, P46977); Interleukin-6 (P05231); Interleukin-8 (P10145); Interleukin-18 (Q14116); IP-10 (10 kDa interferon-gamma-induced protein, P02778); IRPR (IFRD1, O00458); Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD, P26440); I-TAC/CXCL11 (O14625); Keratin 19 (P08727); Kim-1 (Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1, O43656); L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (P50440); Leptin (P41159); Lipocalin2 (NGAL, P80188); MCP-1 (P13500); MIG (Gamma-interferon-induced monokine Q07325); MIP-1a (P10147); MIP-3a (P78556); MIP-1beta (P13236); MIP-1d (Q16663); NAG (N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, P54802); Organic ion transporter (OCT2, O15244); Osteoprotegerin (O14788); P8 protein (O60356); Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1, P05121); ProANP (1-98) (P01160); Protein phosphatase 1-beta (PPI-beta, P62140); Rab GDI-beta (P50395); Renal kallikrein (Q86U61); RT1.B-1 (alpha) chain of the integral membrane protein (Q5Y7A8); Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (sTNFR-I, P19438); Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1B (sTNFR-II, P20333); Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3, P35625); uPAR (Q03405) may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention. 
     Other clinical indicia which may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) of the present invention includes demographic information (e.g., weight, sex, age, race), medical history (e.g., family history, type of surgery, pre-existing disease such as aneurism, congestive heart failure, preeclampsia, eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, or sepsis, type of toxin exposure such as NSAIDs, cyclosporines, tacrolimus, aminoglycosides, foscarnet, ethylene glycol, hemoglobin, myoglobin, ifosfamide, heavy metals, methotrexate, radiopaque contrast agents, or streptozotocin), clinical variables (e.g., blood pressure, temperature, respiration rate), risk scores (APACHE score, PREDICT score, TIMI Risk Score for UA/NSTEMI, Framingham Risk Score), a urine total protein measurement, a glomerular filtration rate, an estimated glomerular filtration rate, a urine production rate, a serum or plasma creatinine concentration, a renal papillary antigen 1 (RPA1) measurement; a renal papillary antigen 2 (RPA2) measurement; a urine creatinine concentration, a fractional excretion of sodium, a urine sodium concentration, a urine creatinine to serum or plasma creatinine ratio, a urine specific gravity, a urine osmolality, a urine urea nitrogen to plasma urea nitrogen ratio, a plasma BUN to creatnine ratio, and/or a renal failure index calculated as urine sodium/(urine creatinine/plasma creatinine). Other measures of renal function which may be combined with the kidney injury marker assay result(s) are described hereinafter and in Harrison&#39;s Principles of Internal Medicine, 17 th  Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, pages 1741-1830, and Current Medical Diagnosis &amp; Treatment 2008, 47 th  Ed, McGraw Hill, New York, pages 785-815, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     Combining assay results/clinical indicia in this manner can comprise the use of multivariate logistical regression, loglinear modeling, neural network analysis, n-of-m analysis, decision tree analysis, etc. This list is not meant to be limiting. 
     Diagnosis of Acute Renal Failure 
     As noted above, the terms “acute renal (or kidney) injury” and “acute renal (or kidney) failure” as used herein are defined in part in terms of changes in serum creatinine from a baseline value. Most definitions of ARF have common elements, including the use of serum creatinine and, often, urine output. Patients may present with renal dysfunction without an available baseline measure of renal function for use in this comparison. In such an event, one may estimate a baseline serum creatinine value by assuming the patient initially had a normal GFR. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman&#39;s capsule per unit time. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be calculated by measuring any chemical that has a steady level in the blood, and is freely filtered but neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the kidneys. GFR is typically expressed in units of ml/min: 
     
       
         
           
             
               G 
                
               
                   
               
                
               F 
                
               
                   
               
                
               R 
             
             = 
             
               
                 Urine 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Concentration 
                 × 
                 Urine 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Flow 
               
               
                 Plasma 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 Concentration 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     By normalizing the GFR to the body surface area, a GFR of approximately 75-100 ml/min per 1.73 m 2  can be assumed. The rate therefore measured is the quantity of the substance in the urine that originated from a calculable volume of blood. 
     There are several different techniques used to calculate or estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR or eGFR). In clinical practice, however, creatinine clearance is used to measure GFR. Creatinine is produced naturally by the body (creatinine is a metabolite of creatine, which is found in muscle). It is freely filtered by the glomerulus, but also actively secreted by the renal tubules in very small amounts such that creatinine clearance overestimates actual GFR by 10-20%. This margin of error is acceptable considering the ease with which creatinine clearance is measured. 
     Creatinine clearance (CCr) can be calculated if values for creatinine&#39;s urine concentration (U Cr ), urine flow rate (V), and creatinine&#39;s plasma concentration (P Cr ) are known. Since the product of urine concentration and urine flow rate yields creatinine&#39;s excretion rate, creatinine clearance is also said to be its excretion rate (U Cr ×V) divided by its plasma concentration. This is commonly represented mathematically as: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               Cr 
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   U 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 V 
               
               
                 P 
                 Cr 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     Commonly a 24 hour urine collection is undertaken, from empty-bladder one morning to the contents of the bladder the following morning, with a comparative blood test then taken: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               Cr 
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   U 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 24 
                  
                 
                   - 
                 
                  
                 hour 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 volume 
               
               
                 
                   P 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 24 
                 × 
                 60 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 mins 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     To allow comparison of results between people of different sizes, the CCr is often corrected for the body surface area (BSA) and expressed compared to the average sized man as ml/min/1.73 m2. While most adults have a BSA that approaches 1.7 (1.6-1.9), extremely obese or slim patients should have their CCr corrected for their actual BSA: 
     
       
         
           
             
               C 
               
                 Cr 
                  
                 
                   - 
                 
                  
                 corrected 
               
             
             = 
             
               
                 
                   C 
                   Cr 
                 
                 × 
                 1.73 
               
               
                 B 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 S 
                  
                 
                     
                 
                  
                 A 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     The accuracy of a creatinine clearance measurement (even when collection is complete) is limited because as glomerular filtration rate (GFR) falls creatinine secretion is increased, and thus the rise in serum creatinine is less. Thus, creatinine excretion is much greater than the filtered load, resulting in a potentially large overestimation of the GFR (as much as a twofold difference). However, for clinical purposes it is important to determine whether renal function is stable or getting worse or better. This is often determined by monitoring serum creatinine alone. Like creatinine clearance, the serum creatinine will not be an accurate reflection of GFR in the non-steady-state condition of ARF. Nonetheless, the degree to which serum creatinine changes from baseline will reflect the change in GFR. Serum creatinine is readily and easily measured and it is specific for renal function. 
     For purposes of determining urine output on a Urine output on a mL/kg/hr basis, hourly urine collection and measurement is adequate. In the case where, for example, only a cumulative 24-h output was available and no patient weights are provided, minor modifications of the RIFLE urine output criteria have been described. For example, Bagshaw et al.,  Nephrol. Dial. Transplant.  23: 1203-1210, 2008, assumes an average patient weight of 70 kg, and patients are assigned a RIFLE classification based on the following: &lt;35 mL/h (Risk), &lt;21 mL/h (Injury) or &lt;4 mL/h (Failure). 
     Selecting a Treatment Regimen 
     Once a diagnosis is obtained, the clinician can readily select a treatment regimen that is compatible with the diagnosis, such as initiating renal replacement therapy, withdrawing delivery of compounds that are known to be damaging to the kidney, kidney transplantation, delaying or avoiding procedures that are known to be damaging to the kidney, modifying diuretic administration, initiating goal directed therapy, etc. The skilled artisan is aware of appropriate treatments for numerous diseases discussed in relation to the methods of diagnosis described herein. See, e.g., Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 17th Ed. Merck Research Laboratories, Whitehouse Station, N.J., 1999. In addition, since the methods and compositions described herein provide prognostic information, the markers of the present invention may be used to monitor a course of treatment. For example, improved or worsened prognostic state may indicate that a particular treatment is or is not efficacious. 
     One skilled in the art readily appreciates that the present invention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain the ends and advantages mentioned, as well as those inherent therein. The examples provided herein are representative of preferred embodiments, are exemplary, and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention. 
     Example 1 
     Contrast-Induced Nephropathy Sample Collection 
     The objective of this sample collection study is to collect samples of plasma and urine and clinical data from patients before and after receiving intravascular contrast media. Approximately 250 adults undergoing radiographic/angiographic procedures involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast media are enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
undergoing a radiographic/angiographic procedure (such as a CT scan or coronary intervention) involving the intravascular administration of contrast media;
 
expected to be hospitalized for at least 48 hours after contrast administration.
 
able and willing to provide written informed consent for study participation and to comply with all study procedures.
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     renal transplant recipients;
 
acutely worsening renal function prior to the contrast procedure;
 
already receiving dialysis (either acute or chronic) or in imminent need of dialysis at enrollment;
 
expected to undergo a major surgical procedure (such as involving cardiopulmonary bypass) or an additional imaging procedure with contrast media with significant risk for further renal insult within the 48 hrs following contrast administration;
 
participation in an interventional clinical study with an experimental therapy within the previous 30 days;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus.
 
     Immediately prior to the first contrast administration (and after any pre-procedure hydration), an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL) and a urine sample (10 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 4 (±0.5), 8 (±1), 24 (±2) 48 (±2), and 72 (±2) hrs following the last administration of contrast media during the index contrast procedure. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are processed to plasma at the clinical site, frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Serum creatinine is assessed at the site immediately prior to the first contrast administration (after any pre-procedure hydration) and at 4 (±0.5), 8 (±1), 24 (±2) and 48 (±2)), and 72 (±2) hours following the last administration of contrast (ideally at the same time as the study samples are obtained). In addition, each patient&#39;s status is evaluated through day 30 with regard to additional serum and urine creatinine measurements, a need for dialysis, hospitalization status, and adverse clinical outcomes (including mortality). 
     Prior to contrast administration, each patient is assigned a risk based on the following assessment: systolic blood pressure &lt;80 mm Hg=5 points; intra-arterial balloon pump=5 points; congestive heart failure (Class III-IV or history of pulmonary edema)=5 points; age &gt;75 yrs=4 points; hematocrit level &lt;39% for men, &lt;35% for women=3 points; diabetes=3 points; contrast media volume=1 point for each 100 mL; serum creatinine level &gt;1.5 g/dL=4 points OR estimated GFR 40-60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =2 points, 20-40 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =4 points, &lt;20 mL/min/1.73 m 2 =6 points. The risks assigned are as follows: risk for CIN and dialysis: 5 or less total points=risk of CIN—7.5%, risk of dialysis—0.04%; 6-10 total points=risk of CIN—14%, risk of dialysis—0.12%; 11-16 total points=risk of CIN—26.1%, risk of dialysis—1.09%; &gt;16 total points=risk of CIN—57.3%, risk of dialysis—12.8%. 
     Example 2 
     Cardiac Surgery Sample Collection 
     The objective of this sample collection study is to collect samples of plasma and urine and clinical data from patients before and after undergoing cardiovascular surgery, a procedure known to be potentially damaging to kidney function. Approximately 900 adults undergoing such surgery are enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
undergoing cardiovascular surgery;
 
Toronto/Ottawa Predictive Risk Index for Renal Replacement risk score of at least 2 (Wijeysundera et al., JAMA 297: 1801-9, 2007); and
 
able and willing to provide written informed consent for study participation and to comply with all study procedures.
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     known pregnancy;
 
previous renal transplantation;
 
acutely worsening renal function prior to enrollment (e.g., any category of RIFLE criteria);
 
already receiving dialysis (either acute or chronic) or in imminent need of dialysis at enrollment;
 
currently enrolled in another clinical study or expected to be enrolled in another clinical study within 7 days of cardiac surgery that involves drug infusion or a therapeutic intervention for AKI;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus.
 
     Within 3 hours prior to the first incision (and after any pre-procedure hydration), an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL), whole blood (3 mL), and a urine sample (35 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 3 (±0.5), 6 (±0.5), 12 (±1), 24 (±2) and 48 (±2) hrs following the procedure and then daily on days 3 through 7 if the subject remains in the hospital. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Example 3 
     Acutely Ill Subject Sample Collection 
     The objective of this study is to collect samples from acutely ill patients. Approximately 900 adults expected to be in the ICU for at least 48 hours will be enrolled. To be enrolled in the study, each patient must meet all of the following inclusion criteria and none of the following exclusion criteria: 
     Inclusion Criteria 
     males and females 18 years of age or older;
 
Study population 1: approximately 300 patients that have at least one of:
 
shock (SBP &lt;90 mmHg and/or need for vasopressor support to maintain MAP &gt;60 mmHg and/or documented drop in SBP of at least 40 mmHg); and sepsis;
 
Study population 2: approximately 300 patients that have at least one of:
 
IV antibiotics ordered in computerized physician order entry (CPOE) within 24 hours of enrollment;
 
contrast media exposure within 24 hours of enrollment;
 
increased Intra-Abdominal Pressure with acute decompensated heart failure; and severe trauma as the primary reason for ICU admission and likely to be hospitalized in the ICU for 48 hours after enrollment;
 
Study population 3: approximately 300 patients expected to be hospitalized through acute care setting (ICU or ED) with a known risk factor for acute renal injury (e.g. sepsis, hypotension/shock (Shock=systolic BP&lt;90 mmHg and/or the need for vasopressor support to maintain a MAP &gt;60 mmHg and/or a documented drop in SBP &gt;40 mmHg), major trauma, hemorrhage, or major surgery); and/or expected to be hospitalized to the ICU for at least 24 hours after enrollment.
 
     Exclusion Criteria 
     known pregnancy;
 
institutionalized individuals;
 
previous renal transplantation;
 
known acutely worsening renal function prior to enrollment (e.g., any category of RIFLE criteria);
 
received dialysis (either acute or chronic) within 5 days prior to enrollment or in imminent need of dialysis at the time of enrollment;
 
known infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or a hepatitis virus;
 
meets only the SBP &lt;90 mmHg inclusion criterion set forth above, and does not have shock in the attending physician&#39;s or principal investigator&#39;s opinion.
 
     After providing informed consent, an EDTA anti-coagulated blood sample (10 mL) and a urine sample (25-30 mL) are collected from each patient. Blood and urine samples are then collected at 4 (±0.5) and 8 (±1) hours after contrast administration (if applicable); at 12 (±1), 24 (±2), and 48 (±2) hours after enrollment, and thereafter daily up to day 7 to day 14 while the subject is hospitalized. Blood is collected via direct venipuncture or via other available venous access, such as an existing femoral sheath, central venous line, peripheral intravenous line or hep-lock. These study blood samples are processed to plasma at the clinical site, frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc., San Diego, Calif. The study urine samples are frozen and shipped to Astute Medical, Inc. 
     Example 4 
     Immunoassay Format 
     Analytes are measured using standard sandwich enzyme immunoassay techniques. A first antibody which binds the analyte is immobilized in wells of a 96 well polystyrene microplate. Analyte standards and test samples are pipetted into the appropriate wells and any analyte present is bound by the immobilized antibody. After washing away any unbound substances, a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated second antibody which binds the analyte is added to the wells, thereby forming sandwich complexes with the analyte (if present) and the first antibody. Following a wash to remove any unbound antibody-enzyme reagent, a substrate solution comprising tetramethylbenzidine and hydrogen peroxide is added to the wells. Color develops in proportion to the amount of analyte present in the sample. The color development is stopped and the intensity of the color is measured at 540 nm or 570 nm. An analyte concentration is assigned to the test sample by comparison to a standard curve determined from the analyte standards. Concentrations reported below are as follows: Interleukin-5—ng/mL, Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta—pg/mL, Tissue factor—ng/mL, Sex hormone-binding globulin—nmol/L, Alpha-2-macroglobulin—ng/mL, Apolipoprotein A-I—ng/mL, Calcitonin—pg/mL, Thrombopoietin—pg/mL, C-reactive protein—ng/mL, Intercellular adhesion molecule 3—ng/mL, Macrophage metalloelastase—pg/mL, Apolipoprotein B-100—ng/mL, and Fibrinogen—ng/mL. 
     Example 5 
     Apparently Healthy Donor and Chronic Disease Patient Samples 
     Human urine samples from donors with no known chronic or acute disease (“Apparently Healthy Donors”) were purchased from two vendors (Golden West Biologicals, Inc., 27625 Commerce Center Dr., Temecula, Calif. 92590 and Virginia Medical Research, Inc., 915 First Colonial Rd., Virginia Beach, Va. 23454). The urine samples were shipped and stored frozen at less than −20° C. The vendors supplied demographic information for the individual donors including gender, race (Black/White), smoking status and age. 
     Human urine samples from donors with various chronic diseases (“Chronic Disease Patients”) including congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were purchased from Virginia Medical Research, Inc., 915 First Colonial Rd., Virginia Beach, Va. 23454. The urine samples were shipped and stored frozen at less than −20 degrees centigrade. The vendor provided a case report form for each individual donor with age, gender, race (Black/White), smoking status and alcohol use, height, weight, chronic disease(s) diagnosis, current medications and previous surgeries. 
     Example 6 
     Use of Kidney Injury Markers for Evaluating Renal Status in Patients 
     Patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled in the following study. Each patient was classified by kidney status as non-injury (0), risk of injury (R), injury (I), and failure (F) according to the maximum stage reached within 7 days of enrollment as determined by the RIFLE criteria. EDTA anti-coagulated blood samples (10 mL) and a urine samples (25-30 mL) were collected from each patient at enrollment, 4 (±0.5) and 8 (±1) hours after contrast administration (if applicable); at 12 (±1), 24 (±2), and 48 (±2) hours after enrollment, and thereafter daily up to day 7 to day 14 while the subject is hospitalized. Markers were each measured by standard immunoassay methods using commercially available assay reagents in the urine samples and the plasma component of the blood samples collected. 
     Two cohorts were defined to represent a “diseased” and a “normal” population. While these terms are used for convenience, “diseased” and “normal” simply represent two cohorts for comparison (say RIFLE 0 vs RIFLE R, I and F; RIFLE 0 vs RIFLE R; RIFLE 0 and R vs RIFLE I and F; etc.). The time “prior max stage” represents the time at which a sample is collected, relative to the time a particular patient reaches the lowest disease stage as defined for that cohort, binned into three groups which are +/−12 hours. For example, “24 hr prior” which uses 0 vs R, I, F as the two cohorts would mean 24 hr (+/−12 hours) prior to reaching stage R (or I if no sample at R, or F if no sample at R or I). 
     A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated for each biomarker measured and the area under each ROC curve (AUC) is determined. Patients in Cohort 2 were also separated according to the reason for adjudication to cohort 2 as being based on serum creatinine measurements (sCr), being based on urine output (UO), or being based on either serum creatinine measurements or urine output. Using the same example discussed above (0 vs R, I, F), for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements alone, the stage 0 cohort may include patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of urine output; for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of urine output alone, the stage 0 cohort may include patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements; and for those patients adjudicated to stage R, I, or F on the basis of serum creatinine measurements or urine output, the stage 0 cohort contains only patients in stage 0 for both serum creatinine measurements and urine output. Also, in the data for patients adjudicated on the basis of serum creatinine measurements or urine output, the adjudication method which yielded the most severe RIFLE stage is used. 
     The ability to distinguish cohort 1 from Cohort 2 was determined using ROC analysis. SE is the standard error of the AUC, n is the number of sample or individual patients (“pts,” as indicated). Standard errors are calculated as described in Hanley, J. A., and McNeil, B. J., The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Radiology (1982) 143: 29-36; p values are calculated with a two-tailed Z-test. An AUC &lt;0.5 is indicative of a negative going marker for the comparison, and an AUC &gt;0.5 is indicative of a positive going marker for the comparison. 
     Various threshold (or “cutoff”) concentrations were selected, and the associated sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing cohort 1 from cohort 2 are determined. OR is the odds ratio calculated for the particular cutoff concentration, and 95% CI is the confidence interval for the odds ratio. 
     FIG. 1: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and in urine samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage R, I or F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.288 
                 0.357 
                 0.288 
                 0.548 
                 0.288 
                 0.442 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.38 
                 2.76 
                 4.38 
                 8.09 
                 4.38 
                 6.42 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 33.2 
                 13.4 
                 33.2 
                 42.5 
                 33.2 
                 34.5 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 224 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 356 
                 75 
                 356 
                 90 
                 356 
                 42 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 189 
                 75 
                 189 
                 90 
                 189 
                 42 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.341 
                 0.384 
                 0.341 
                 0.683 
                 0.341 
                 0.626 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3.67 
                 5.29 
                 3.67 
                 7.91 
                 3.67 
                 10.5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 27.3 
                 21.5 
                 27.3 
                 28.4 
                 27.3 
                 46.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.36 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0568 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 510 
                 133 
                 510 
                 224 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 751 
                 28 
                 751 
                 37 
                 751 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 28 
                 296 
                 37 
                 296 
                 23 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.322 
                 0.466 
                 0.322 
                 0.649 
                 0.322 
                 0.626 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3.19 
                 3.23 
                 3.19 
                 9.44 
                 3.19 
                 1.36 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 20.7 
                 14.4 
                 20.7 
                 45.9 
                 20.7 
                 2.71 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.075 
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 235 
                 115 
                 235 
                 368 
                 235 
                 15.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 314 
                 65 
                 314 
                 77 
                 314 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 65 
                 135 
                 77 
                 135 
                 35 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 0.55 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
                 0.62 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.057 
                 0.040 
                 0.035 
                 0.050 
                 0.037 
                 0.048 
                 0.063 
                 0.053 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.073 
                 0.40 
                 0.0095 
                 0.0031 
                 0.023 
                 0.0014 
                 0.19 
                 0.20 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 356 
                 751 
                 314 
                 356 
                 751 
                 314 
                 356 
                 751 
                 314 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 75 
                 28 
                 65 
                 90 
                 37 
                 77 
                 42 
                 23 
                 35 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.203 
                 0.187 
                 0.213 
                 0.243 
                 0.280 
                 0.262 
                 0.229 
                 0.312 
                 0.224 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 39% 
                 32% 
                 40% 
                 45% 
                 45% 
                 46% 
                 42% 
                 47% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.184 
                 0.164 
                 0.196 
                 0.153 
                 0.209 
                 0.166 
                 0.102 
                 0.196 
                 0.144 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 33% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.102 
                 0.0836 
                 0.174 
                 0.0850 
                 0.119 
                 0.0836 
                 0.0183 
                 0.0773 
                 0.0183 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 19% 
                 33% 
                 21% 
                 23% 
                 19% 
                 13% 
                 19% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.644 
                 0.788 
                 0.668 
                 0.644 
                 0.788 
                 0.668 
                 0.644 
                 0.788 
                 0.668 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 40% 
                 47% 
                 43% 
                 49% 
                 40% 
                 35% 
                 49% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.03 
                 1.32 
                 1.06 
                 1.03 
                 1.32 
                 1.06 
                 1.03 
                 1.32 
                 1.06 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 35% 
                 36% 
                 26% 
                 17% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2.87 
                 3.45 
                 2.87 
                 2.87 
                 3.45 
                 2.87 
                 2.87 
                 3.45 
                 2.87 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 15% 
                 19% 
                 11% 
                 25% 
                  7% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.1 
                 2.6 
                 3.9 
                 2.2 
                 2.3 
                 2.0 
                 0.75 
                 0.74 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0066 
                 0.12 
                 0.0055 
                 0.038 
                 0.17 
                 0.087 
                 0.59 
                 0.70 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 0.79 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
                 0.70 
                 0.90 
                 0.27 
                 0.16 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 7.1 
                 8.3 
                 10 
                 4.5 
                 7.6 
                 4.4 
                 2.1 
                 3.4 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.6 
                 0.99 
                 3.2 
                 1.5 
                 2.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 2.6 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.023 
                 0.99 
                 0.020 
                 0.33 
                 0.17 
                 0.23 
                 0.37 
                 0.11 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 1.1 
                 0.25 
                 1.2 
                 0.68 
                 0.70 
                 0.72 
                 0.61 
                 0.80 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.0 
                 4.0 
                 8.5 
                 3.1 
                 7.6 
                 3.7 
                 3.7 
                 8.4 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 2.6 
                 4.4 
                 3.3 
                 4.0 
                 3.3 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.023 
                 0.12 
                 0.0023 
                 9.4E−4 
                 0.016 
                 0.0022 
                 0.38 
                 0.53 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.79 
                 1.7 
                 1.6 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 0.61 
                 0.42 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.0 
                 8.3 
                 11 
                 6.6 
                 12 
                 7.0 
                 3.7 
                 5.4 
                 5.2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 327 
                 547 
                 327 
                 263 
                 327 
                 287 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1390 
                 1310 
                 1390 
                 1100 
                 1390 
                 821 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2970 
                 2650 
                 2970 
                 2630 
                 2970 
                 1870 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.84 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.22 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 12000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 354 
                 75 
                 354 
                 89 
                 354 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 75 
                 190 
                 89 
                 190 
                 43 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 325 
                 217 
                 325 
                 233 
                 325 
                 487 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1280 
                 836 
                 1280 
                 1030 
                 1280 
                 735 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2800 
                 2260 
                 2800 
                 2770 
                 2800 
                 874 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.40 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.35 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 3230 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 744 
                 28 
                 744 
                 35 
                 744 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 295 
                 28 
                 295 
                 35 
                 295 
                 23 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 377 
                 591 
                 377 
                 413 
                 377 
                 325 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1480 
                 1440 
                 1480 
                 1590 
                 1480 
                 1010 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3080 
                 2840 
                 3080 
                 3180 
                 3080 
                 2080 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.92 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.37 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 12000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 314 
                 64 
                 314 
                 76 
                 314 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 64 
                 136 
                 76 
                 136 
                 36 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.41 
                 0.52 
                 0.46 
                 0.44 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.52 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.057 
                 0.040 
                 0.035 
                 0.051 
                 0.037 
                 0.047 
                 0.062 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.57 
                 0.13 
                 0.57 
                 0.24 
                 0.25 
                 0.94 
                 0.57 
                 0.76 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 354 
                 744 
                 314 
                 354 
                 744 
                 314 
                 354 
                 744 
                 314 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 75 
                 28 
                 64 
                 89 
                 35 
                 76 
                 43 
                 23 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 161 
                 86.7 
                 193 
                 125 
                 159 
                 157 
                 134 
                 183 
                 148 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  71% 
                  71% 
                  70% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
                  72% 
                  74% 
                  72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  31% 
                  19% 
                  33% 
                  23% 
                  33% 
                  28% 
                  24% 
                  36% 
                  26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 86.7 
                 33.8 
                 82.6 
                 68.0 
                 42.0 
                 87.3 
                 98.3 
                 70.7 
                 123 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                  80% 
                  82% 
                  81% 
                  81% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  81% 
                  83% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  16% 
                  7% 
                  14% 
                  12% 
                  9% 
                  15% 
                  19% 
                  15% 
                  22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 16.3 
                 0 
                 22.3 
                 26.0 
                 0 
                 41.4 
                 33.0 
                 22.1 
                 36.1 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                 100% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  91% 
                  92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  3% 
                  0% 
                  4% 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
                  5% 
                  6% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 711 
                 711 
                 750 
                 711 
                 711 
                 750 
                 711 
                 711 
                 750 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  37% 
                  21% 
                  38% 
                  26% 
                  23% 
                  34% 
                  30% 
                  35% 
                  31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1110 
                 1070 
                 1120 
                 1110 
                 1070 
                 1120 
                 1110 
                 1070 
                 1120 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  24% 
                  18% 
                  23% 
                  15% 
                  11% 
                  21% 
                  12% 
                  22% 
                  19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3230 
                 2410 
                 3410 
                 3230 
                 2410 
                 3410 
                 3230 
                 2410 
                 3410 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  8% 
                  4% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
                  12% 
                  2% 
                  9% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.42 
                 0.83 
                 0.57 
                 1.5 
                 2.9 
                 0.89 
                 1.4 
                 0.79 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.036 
                 0.76 
                 0.20 
                 0.24 
                 0.077 
                 0.75 
                 0.48 
                 0.73 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.19 
                 0.25 
                 0.25 
                 0.77 
                 0.89 
                 0.45 
                 0.56 
                 0.21 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.95 
                 2.8 
                 1.3 
                 2.9 
                 9.1 
                 1.8 
                 3.5 
                 3.0 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 2.9 
                 0.61 
                 1.0 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.78 
                 0.46 
                 1.0 
                 0.077 
                 0.19 
                 0.98 
                 0.41 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.51 
                 0.39 
                 0.63 
                 0.49 
                 0.89 
                 0.29 
                 0.38 
                 0.52 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 3.6 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 9.1 
                 1.3 
                 2.7 
                 5.0 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 1.7 
                 1.1 
                 1.8 
                 2.3 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 0.31 
                 0.73 
                 0.093 
                 0.17 
                 0.83 
                 0.36 
                 0.77 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.57 
                 0.61 
                 0.54 
                 0.91 
                 0.70 
                 0.55 
                 0.62 
                 0.36 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.2 
                 4.8 
                 2.4 
                 3.4 
                 7.7 
                 2.1 
                 3.8 
                 4.0 
                 3.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 56.7 
                 106 
                 56.7 
                 74.9 
                 56.7 
                 45.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 203 
                 257 
                 203 
                 289 
                 203 
                 177 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 359 
                 452 
                 359 
                 499 
                 359 
                 289 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.26 
                   
                 0.060 
                   
                 0.65 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2530 
                 2810 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 1330 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 360 
                 76 
                 360 
                 92 
                 360 
                 43 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 76 
                 190 
                 92 
                 190 
                 43 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 67.6 
                 63.8 
                 67.6 
                 88.8 
                 67.6 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 238 
                 194 
                 238 
                 306 
                 238 
                 144 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 431 
                 308 
                 431 
                 527 
                 431 
                 212 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.35 
                   
                 0.30 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 3580 
                 1230 
                 3580 
                 2780 
                 3580 
                 752 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 760 
                 29 
                 760 
                 37 
                 760 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 29 
                 296 
                 37 
                 296 
                 23 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 68.4 
                 121 
                 68.4 
                 76.6 
                 68.4 
                 72.2 
               
               
                 Average 
                 194 
                 329 
                 194 
                 323 
                 194 
                 214 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 321 
                 572 
                 321 
                 533 
                 321 
                 325 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0083 
                   
                 0.0060 
                   
                 0.73 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2530 
                 2890 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 1330 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 317 
                 66 
                 317 
                 79 
                 317 
                 36 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 66 
                 136 
                 79 
                 136 
                 36 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 0.51 
                 0.61 
                 0.54 
                 0.58 
                 0.55 
                 0.48 
                 0.46 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.055 
                 0.040 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.037 
                 0.047 
                 0.062 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.044 
                 0.83 
                 0.0078 
                 0.20 
                 0.093 
                 0.19 
                 0.72 
                 0.49 
                 0.94 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 360 
                 760 
                 317 
                 360 
                 760 
                 317 
                 360 
                 760 
                 317 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 76 
                 29 
                 66 
                 92 
                 37 
                 79 
                 43 
                 23 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 42.8 
                 31.9 
                 52.5 
                 21.5 
                 57.1 
                 21.5 
                 15.4 
                 15.1 
                 20.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 44% 
                 35% 
                 46% 
                 30% 
                 47% 
                 28% 
                 25% 
                 23% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 22.8 
                 22.9 
                 37.1 
                 13.7 
                 36.9 
                 11.4 
                 9.12 
                 5.62 
                 12.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 32% 
                 30% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                 37% 
                 20% 
                 19% 
                 14% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 9.70 
                 6.99 
                 13.9 
                 4.19 
                 17.0 
                 4.07 
                 1.38 
                 0.907 
                 3.64 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 20% 
                 15% 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                 24% 
                 10% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 163 
                 179 
                 169 
                 163 
                 179 
                 169 
                 163 
                 179 
                 169 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 28% 
                 41% 
                 35% 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 28% 
                 22% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 301 
                 329 
                 301 
                 301 
                 329 
                 301 
                 301 
                 329 
                 301 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 14% 
                 24% 
                 26% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 16% 
                 13% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 572 
                 689 
                 537 
                 572 
                 689 
                 537 
                 572 
                 689 
                 537 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
                 11% 
                 23% 
                 12% 
                  4% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.6 
                 2.9 
                 2.0 
                 0.94 
                 1.6 
                 0.88 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.077 
                 0.13 
                 0.86 
                 0.40 
                 0.72 
                 0.82 
                 0.52 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.73 
                 0.89 
                 0.81 
                 0.48 
                 0.52 
                 0.43 
                 0.45 
                 0.42 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.5 
                 9.1 
                 5.0 
                 1.9 
                 5.1 
                 1.8 
                 2.7 
                 5.5 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 2.3 
                 3.0 
                 1.1 
                 2.5 
                 0.71 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.031 
                 0.17 
                 0.012 
                 0.87 
                 0.092 
                 0.35 
                 0.82 
                 0.52 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.70 
                 1.3 
                 0.54 
                 0.86 
                 0.34 
                 0.45 
                 0.42 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.8 
                 7.6 
                 7.3 
                 2.1 
                 7.2 
                 1.5 
                 2.7 
                 5.5 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.0 
                 1.2 
                 3.2 
                 1.5 
                 2.5 
                 1.4 
                 1.1 
                 1.8 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.065 
                 0.74 
                 0.0080 
                 0.20 
                 0.094 
                 0.31 
                 0.80 
                 0.36 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.96 
                 0.33 
                 1.4 
                 0.80 
                 0.86 
                 0.72 
                 0.46 
                 0.51 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.4 
                 4.7 
                 7.7 
                 2.9 
                 7.2 
                 2.7 
                 2.8 
                 6.2 
                 2.9 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 84.7 
                 114 
                 84.7 
                 109 
                 84.7 
                 72.3 
               
               
                 Average 
                 213 
                 234 
                 213 
                 976 
                 213 
                 1550 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1030 
                 543 
                 1030 
                 5100 
                 1030 
                 7440 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.028 
                   
                 0.0078 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 12.1 
                 1.48 
                 4.11 
                 1.48 
                 7.43 
               
               
                 Max 
                 15500 
                 3770 
                 15500 
                 38400 
                 15500 
                 38800 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 255 
                 48 
                 255 
                 57 
                 255 
                 27 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 48 
                 103 
                 57 
                 103 
                 27 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 91.6 
                 110 
                 91.6 
                 126 
                 91.6 
                 57.1 
               
               
                 Average 
                 507 
                 208 
                 507 
                 564 
                 507 
                 106 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3450 
                 293 
                 3450 
                 1190 
                 3450 
                 154 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 25.1 
                 1.48 
                 4.11 
                 1.48 
                 7.79 
               
               
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 1160 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 583 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 447 
                 16 
                 447 
                 21 
                 447 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 16 
                 170 
                 21 
                 170 
                 13 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 80.6 
                 113 
                 80.6 
                 99.7 
                 80.6 
                 72.3 
               
               
                 Average 
                 229 
                 231 
                 229 
                 924 
                 229 
                 1670 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1130 
                 552 
                 1130 
                 5360 
                 1130 
                 7730 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.079 
                   
                 0.011 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.78 
                 12.1 
                 2.78 
                 5.40 
                 2.78 
                 7.43 
               
               
                 Max 
                 15500 
                 3770 
                 15500 
                 38400 
                 15500 
                 38800 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 218 
                 46 
                 218 
                 51 
                 218 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 46 
                 87 
                 51 
                 87 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.56 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
                 0.61 
                 0.58 
                 0.48 
                 0.37 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.046 
                 0.076 
                 0.048 
                 0.043 
                 0.067 
                 0.046 
                 0.059 
                 0.084 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.036 
                 0.42 
                 0.027 
                 0.14 
                 0.10 
                 0.095 
                 0.76 
                 0.12 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 48 
                 16 
                 46 
                 57 
                 21 
                 51 
                 27 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 76.7 
                 56.6 
                 76.9 
                 55.6 
                 89.6 
                 56.6 
                 52.0 
                 38.6 
                 52.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 32% 
                 50% 
                 35% 
                 49% 
                 38% 
                 31% 
                 20% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 54.8 
                 54.8 
                 49.5 
                 46.8 
                 47.7 
                 48.1 
                 42.5 
                 18.0 
                 46.5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 30% 
                 31% 
                 28% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                  9% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 34.3 
                 42.0 
                 34.3 
                 19.3 
                 20.3 
                 35.7 
                 19.3 
                 16.1 
                 31.1 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 21% 
                 22% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                  7% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 138 
                 144 
                 128 
                 138 
                 144 
                 128 
                 138 
                 144 
                 128 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 31% 
                 41% 
                 39% 
                 48% 
                 39% 
                 26% 
                 15% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 190 
                 190 
                 173 
                 190 
                 190 
                 173 
                 190 
                 190 
                 173 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 26% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                 15% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 296 
                 312 
                 289 
                 296 
                 312 
                 289 
                 296 
                 312 
                 289 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 15% 
                 19% 
                 29% 
                 16% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.2 
                 1.7 
                 2.0 
                 1.6 
                 0.39 
                 1.9 
                 0.66 
                 0.50 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.15 
                 0.48 
                 0.20 
                 0.28 
                 0.27 
                 0.17 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.055 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.76 
                 0.39 
                 0.69 
                 0.68 
                 0.074 
                 0.76 
                 0.18 
                 0.044 
                 0.97 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 6.1 
                 7.2 
                 5.8 
                 3.9 
                 2.0 
                 5.0 
                 2.4 
                 5.5 
                 14 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.6 
                 0.99 
                 2.7 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
                 2.4 
                 2.6 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.066 
                 0.99 
                 0.058 
                 0.38 
                 1.0 
                 0.46 
                 0.091 
                 0.27 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.94 
                 0.20 
                 0.97 
                 0.62 
                 0.28 
                 0.54 
                 0.87 
                 0.49 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.2 
                 5.0 
                 7.5 
                 3.6 
                 3.6 
                 3.9 
                 6.8 
                 14 
                 7.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 1.7 
                 2.9 
                 2.0 
                 1.9 
                 2.7 
                 0.66 
                 2.6 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.028 
                 0.48 
                 0.038 
                 0.099 
                 0.28 
                 0.036 
                 0.53 
                 0.27 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 1.1 
                 0.39 
                 1.1 
                 0.87 
                 0.61 
                 1.1 
                 0.18 
                 0.49 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.3 
                 7.2 
                 8.1 
                 4.8 
                 5.7 
                 6.6 
                 2.4 
                 14 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 8.10 
                 14.2 
                 8.10 
                 19.1 
                 8.10 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 Average 
                 18.3 
                 22.6 
                 18.3 
                 25.6 
                 18.3 
                 17.8 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 27.1 
                 25.6 
                 27.1 
                 30.1 
                 27.1 
                 25.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.026 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00556 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00494 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0137 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 162 
                 259 
                 118 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 75 
                 357 
                 90 
                 357 
                 42 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 189 
                 75 
                 189 
                 90 
                 189 
                 42 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 8.80 
                 15.2 
                 8.80 
                 30.4 
                 8.80 
                 5.66 
               
               
                 Average 
                 18.9 
                 25.9 
                 18.9 
                 34.5 
                 18.9 
                 24.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 24.0 
                 33.9 
                 24.0 
                 46.6 
                 24.0 
                 37.3 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 3.0E−4 
                   
                 0.26 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.210 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0137 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 142 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 752 
                 28 
                 752 
                 37 
                 752 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 28 
                 296 
                 37 
                 296 
                 23 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 9.65 
                 23.2 
                 9.65 
                 20.3 
                 9.65 
                 7.66 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.2 
                 25.3 
                 19.2 
                 26.7 
                 19.2 
                 20.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 26.5 
                 26.0 
                 26.5 
                 31.2 
                 26.5 
                 23.4 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.091 
                   
                 0.033 
                   
                 0.74 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0415 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00494 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0238 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 162 
                 259 
                 83.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 315 
                 65 
                 315 
                 77 
                 315 
                 35 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 65 
                 135 
                 77 
                 135 
                 35 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.54 
                 0.51 
                 0.57 
                 0.55 
                 0.62 
                 0.54 
                 0.48 
                 0.50 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.056 
                 0.040 
                 0.035 
                 0.050 
                 0.037 
                 0.048 
                 0.061 
                 0.052 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.31 
                 0.81 
                 0.074 
                 0.14 
                 0.013 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 0.94 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 357 
                 752 
                 315 
                 357 
                 752 
                 315 
                 357 
                 752 
                 315 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 75 
                 28 
                 65 
                 90 
                 37 
                 77 
                 42 
                 23 
                 35 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.01 
                 1.32 
                 2.61 
                 2.36 
                 9.34 
                 2.36 
                 1.49 
                 1.32 
                 2.73 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 23% 
                 29% 
                 30% 
                 51% 
                 27% 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.734 
                 0.726 
                 1.12 
                 0.659 
                 3.75 
                 0.525 
                 0.910 
                 0.660 
                 0.967 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 17% 
                 36% 
                 15% 
                 20% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.195 
                 0.0435 
                 0.401 
                 0.112 
                 0.623 
                 0.0424 
                 0.419 
                 0.123 
                 0.441 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                  5% 
                 13% 
                  7% 
                 16% 
                  6% 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 24.9 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 24.9 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 24.9 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 42% 
                 32% 
                 30% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 81% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 81% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 30% 
                 32% 
                 30% 
                 24% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 46.7 
                 51.5 
                 44.5 
                 46.7 
                 51.5 
                 44.5 
                 46.7 
                 51.5 
                 44.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 18% 
                 22% 
                 21% 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.49 
                 0.29 
                 0.58 
                 0.44 
                 1.4 
                 0.35 
                 0.39 
                 0.66 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.065 
                 0.063 
                 0.21 
                 0.030 
                 0.56 
                 0.013 
                 0.085 
                 0.52 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.23 
                 0.078 
                 0.25 
                 0.21 
                 0.44 
                 0.15 
                 0.13 
                 0.18 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.4 
                 0.92 
                 4.5 
                 0.80 
                 1.1 
                 2.4 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.94 
                 0.69 
                 0.93 
                 1.2 
                 2.7 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.86 
                 0.46 
                 0.84 
                 0.66 
                 0.063 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 0.26 
                 0.43 
                 0.62 
                 0.95 
                 0.51 
                 0.43 
                 0.32 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.8 
                 1.8 
                 2.0 
                 2.2 
                 7.8 
                 2.0 
                 2.3 
                 3.2 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.89 
                 0.79 
                 1.7 
                 1.2 
                 2.5 
                 1.1 
                 1.1 
                 1.2 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.73 
                 0.63 
                 0.16 
                 0.66 
                 0.094 
                 0.74 
                 0.81 
                 0.77 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.45 
                 0.31 
                 0.82 
                 0.62 
                 0.86 
                 0.58 
                 0.48 
                 0.39 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 2.0 
                 3.4 
                 2.2 
                 7.2 
                 2.2 
                 2.6 
                 3.6 
                 2.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0564 
                 0.112 
                 0.0564 
                 0.137 
                 0.0564 
                 0.0912 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.105 
                 0.153 
                 0.105 
                 0.203 
                 0.105 
                 0.194 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0022 
                   
                 2.3E−5 
                   
                 0.14 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.593 
                 0.618 
                 0.593 
                 0.896 
                 0.593 
                 0.818 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 255 
                 48 
                 255 
                 57 
                 255 
                 27 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 48 
                 103 
                 57 
                 103 
                 27 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.167 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0758 
                 0.101 
                 0.0758 
                 0.165 
                 0.0758 
                 0.0603 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.145 
                 0.151 
                 0.145 
                 0.245 
                 0.145 
                 0.0985 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.0086 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 0.472 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 0.917 
                 0.310 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 447 
                 16 
                 447 
                 21 
                 447 
                 13 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 16 
                 170 
                 21 
                 170 
                 13 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0603 
                 0.101 
                 0.0603 
                 0.133 
                 0.0603 
                 0.110 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.107 
                 0.144 
                 0.107 
                 0.211 
                 0.107 
                 0.208 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.029 
                   
                 5.0E−4 
                   
                 0.053 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.593 
                 0.618 
                 0.593 
                 0.896 
                 0.593 
                 0.818 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 218 
                 46 
                 218 
                 51 
                 218 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 46 
                 87 
                 51 
                 87 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.55 
                 0.58 
                 0.62 
                 0.65 
                 0.59 
                 0.51 
                 0.50 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.046 
                 0.075 
                 0.048 
                 0.043 
                 0.066 
                 0.046 
                 0.059 
                 0.081 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.026 
                 0.53 
                 0.11 
                 0.0062 
                 0.020 
                 0.050 
                 0.85 
                 0.97 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 48 
                 16 
                 46 
                 57 
                 21 
                 51 
                 27 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.00336 
                 0.0873 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.0873 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.0873 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 46% 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 46% 
                 57% 
                 43% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.136 
                 0.144 
                 0.138 
                 0.136 
                 0.144 
                 0.138 
                 0.136 
                 0.144 
                 0.138 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 24% 
                 40% 
                 52% 
                 33% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.195 
                 0.238 
                 0.207 
                 0.195 
                 0.238 
                 0.207 
                 0.195 
                 0.238 
                 0.207 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 19% 
                 17% 
                 28% 
                 19% 
                 22% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;11 
                 1.6 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;9.8 
                 2.3 
                 3.5 
                 0.33 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.096 
                 &lt;0.024 
                 0.35 
                 0.84 
                 &lt;0.032 
                 0.10 
                 0.023 
                 0.34 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.88 
                 &gt;1.4 
                 0.61 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;1.2 
                 0.85 
                 1.2 
                 0.034 
                 0.92 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.1 
                 na 
                 3.9 
                 2.4 
                 na 
                 6.0 
                 10 
                 3.2 
                 10 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.20 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.0 
                 0.11 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 1.5 
                 0 
                 3.2 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.043 
                 &lt;na 
                 1.0 
                 0.0043 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 0.44 
                 na 
                 0.090 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.041 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.37 
                 0.024 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.54 
                 na 
                 0.84 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.95 
                 na 
                 2.7 
                 0.50 
                 na 
                 4.2 
                 na 
                 12 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 &gt;6.3 
                 1.9 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;12 
                 3.6 
                 1.4 
                 0 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.029 
                 &lt;0.092 
                 0.18 
                 0.099 
                 &lt;0.018 
                 0.0080 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;0.74 
                 0.75 
                 0.89 
                 &gt;1.5 
                 1.4 
                 0.43 
                 na 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.2 
                 na 
                 4.6 
                 3.9 
                 na 
                 9.1 
                 4.7 
                 na 
                 6.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0839 
                 0.101 
                 0.0839 
                 0.0698 
                 0.0839 
                 0.0840 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.575 
                 0.707 
                 0.575 
                 0.280 
                 0.575 
                 0.157 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.93 
                 1.78 
                 1.93 
                 0.643 
                 1.93 
                 0.254 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 9.97 
                 20.2 
                 3.54 
                 20.2 
                 1.43 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 360 
                 76 
                 360 
                 92 
                 360 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 76 
                 190 
                 92 
                 190 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0787 
                 0.103 
                 0.0787 
                 0.0642 
                 0.0787 
                 0.0789 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.455 
                 0.496 
                 0.455 
                 0.122 
                 0.455 
                 0.167 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.54 
                 1.16 
                 1.54 
                 0.154 
                 1.54 
                 0.236 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.37 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 5.00 
                 20.2 
                 0.501 
                 20.2 
                 0.959 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 761 
                 29 
                 761 
                 37 
                 761 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 297 
                 29 
                 297 
                 37 
                 297 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0941 
                 0.111 
                 0.0941 
                 0.0825 
                 0.0941 
                 0.0950 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.719 
                 1.85 
                 0.719 
                 1.27 
                 0.719 
                 0.323 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2.24 
                 9.81 
                 2.24 
                 8.09 
                 2.24 
                 0.854 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.065 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                 0.29 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 79.1 
                 20.2 
                 71.8 
                 20.2 
                 5.00 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 317 
                 66 
                 317 
                 79 
                 317 
                 36 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 66 
                 136 
                 79 
                 136 
                 36 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.55 
                 0.54 
                 0.44 
                 0.44 
                 0.43 
                 0.44 
                 0.47 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.037 
                 0.056 
                 0.040 
                 0.034 
                 0.050 
                 0.037 
                 0.048 
                 0.062 
                 0.052 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.14 
                 0.34 
                 0.37 
                 0.11 
                 0.26 
                 0.071 
                 0.24 
                 0.63 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 360 
                 761 
                 317 
                 360 
                 761 
                 317 
                 360 
                 761 
                 317 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 76 
                 29 
                 66 
                 92 
                 37 
                 79 
                 43 
                 23 
                 36 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0585 
                 0.0410 
                 0.0601 
                 0.0148 
                 0.0184 
                 0.0148 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.0230 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 41% 
                 35% 
                 37% 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 21% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0438 
                 0.00534 
                 0.0503 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 23% 
                 32% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.191 
                 0.157 
                 0.257 
                 0.191 
                 0.157 
                 0.257 
                 0.191 
                 0.157 
                 0.257 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 34% 
                 48% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 30% 
                 20% 
                 26% 
                 26% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.417 
                 0.318 
                 0.475 
                 0.417 
                 0.318 
                 0.475 
                 0.417 
                 0.318 
                 0.475 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 15% 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
                 22% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.25 
                 0.995 
                 1.48 
                 1.25 
                 0.995 
                 1.48 
                 1.25 
                 0.995 
                 1.48 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
                  5% 
                  0% 
                  9% 
                  2% 
                  0% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.7 
                 0.56 
                 2.2 
                 1.3 
                 0.89 
                 1.8 
                 2.3 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.18 
                 0.36 
                 0.054 
                 0.40 
                 0.81 
                 0.10 
                 0.077 
                 1.0 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.78 
                 0.16 
                 0.99 
                 0.68 
                 0.34 
                 0.88 
                 0.91 
                 0.32 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.7 
                 1.9 
                 5.1 
                 2.6 
                 2.4 
                 3.8 
                 6.0 
                 3.2 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.4 
                 1.1 
                 2.2 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.021 
                 0.79 
                 0.054 
                 0.73 
                 1.0 
                 0.84 
                 1.0 
                 0.32 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.41 
                 0.99 
                 0.57 
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 0.34 
                 0.12 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.1 
                 3.2 
                 5.1 
                 2.2 
                 2.6 
                 2.4 
                 3.0 
                 2.0 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.8 
                 1.4 
                 1.7 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 2.3 
                 2.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 0.47 
                 0.22 
                 0.14 
                 0.64 
                 0.025 
                 0.11 
                 0.59 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.84 
                 0.54 
                 0.73 
                 0.85 
                 0.50 
                 1.1 
                 0.84 
                 0.46 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.9 
                 3.9 
                 4.0 
                 3.1 
                 3.1 
                 4.7 
                 5.7 
                 4.0 
                 4.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 9520 
                 15500 
                 9520 
                 14300 
                 9520 
                 11700 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 12700 
                 16700 
                 12700 
                 24800 
                 12700 
                 15000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9630 
                 10400 
                 9630 
                 45500 
                 9630 
                 12300 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.020 
                   
                 0.0059 
                   
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 344 
                 577 
                 344 
                 670 
                 344 
                 1280 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 59000 
                 56200 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 49700 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 121 
                 46 
                 121 
                 53 
                 121 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 98 
                 46 
                 98 
                 53 
                 98 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 13200 
                 9670 
                 13200 
                 18900 
                 13200 
                 9650 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 16200 
                 12700 
                 16200 
                 24300 
                 16200 
                 13100 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 22100 
                 9620 
                 22100 
                 25100 
                 22100 
                 8510 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 344 
                 577 
                 344 
                 670 
                 344 
                 2180 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 323000 
                 33500 
                 323000 
                 110000 
                 323000 
                 31100 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 264 
                 14 
                 264 
                 19 
                 264 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 14 
                 159 
                 19 
                 159 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 9650 
                 16200 
                 9650 
                 14200 
                 9650 
                 14200 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 13000 
                 17700 
                 13000 
                 26000 
                 13000 
                 15600 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9530 
                 10000 
                 9530 
                 48100 
                 9530 
                 12500 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0079 
                   
                 0.0071 
                   
                 0.27 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 344 
                 2940 
                 344 
                 2050 
                 344 
                 1280 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 59000 
                 56200 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 49700 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 111 
                 43 
                 111 
                 48 
                 111 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 48 
                 86 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.45 
                 0.66 
                 0.63 
                 0.62 
                 0.62 
                 0.54 
                 0.47 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.050 
                 0.081 
                 0.051 
                 0.047 
                 0.071 
                 0.050 
                 0.063 
                 0.083 
                 0.067 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0079 
                 0.52 
                 0.0017 
                 0.0047 
                 0.086 
                 0.016 
                 0.51 
                 0.72 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 121 
                 264 
                 111 
                 121 
                 264 
                 111 
                 121 
                 264 
                 111 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 46 
                 14 
                 43 
                 53 
                 19 
                 48 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 9830 
                 6660 
                 11500 
                 10700 
                 12300 
                 9300 
                 6640 
                 7100 
                 6640 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 79% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 53% 
                 24% 
                 57% 
                 54% 
                 48% 
                 49% 
                 32% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 8690 
                 2940 
                 8990 
                 8520 
                 5240 
                 8460 
                 5680 
                 5100 
                 5680 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 49% 
                  7% 
                 49% 
                 45% 
                 17% 
                 42% 
                 26% 
                 16% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 5050 
                 2430 
                 6810 
                 4460 
                 3470 
                 5510 
                 2820 
                 4740 
                 2600 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 95% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 22% 
                  5% 
                 31% 
                 18% 
                  9% 
                 23% 
                  6% 
                 15% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 16500 
                 17800 
                 17300 
                 16500 
                 17800 
                 17300 
                 16500 
                 17800 
                 17300 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 29% 
                 47% 
                 40% 
                 53% 
                 31% 
                 35% 
                 31% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 19800 
                 22300 
                 20700 
                 19800 
                 22300 
                 20700 
                 19800 
                 22300 
                 20700 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 14% 
                 30% 
                 26% 
                 32% 
                 23% 
                 19% 
                 15% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 23900 
                 28200 
                 25400 
                 23900 
                 28200 
                 25400 
                 23900 
                 28200 
                 25400 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 24% 
                  7% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 26% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                  8% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 0.49 
                 2.9 
                 1.3 
                 0.48 
                 1.8 
                 1.2 
                 0.49 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 0.42 
                 0.095 
                 0.64 
                 0.40 
                 0.29 
                 0.78 
                 0.42 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 0.087 
                 0.83 
                 0.45 
                 0.085 
                 0.59 
                 0.33 
                 0.087 
                 0.099 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.5 
                 2.8 
                 10 
                 3.7 
                 2.7 
                 5.7 
                 4.3 
                 2.8 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.7 
                 0.74 
                 5.0 
                 3.5 
                 1.2 
                 6.1 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.059 
                 0.70 
                 0.011 
                 0.013 
                 0.75 
                 9.3E−4 
                 0.39 
                 0.98 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.96 
                 0.16 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 0.32 
                 2.1 
                 0.50 
                 0.24 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.6 
                 3.4 
                 17 
                 9.2 
                 4.9 
                 18 
                 5.8 
                 4.2 
                 5.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.0 
                 1.3 
                 5.3 
                 2.5 
                 2.1 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 0.75 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.036 
                 0.71 
                 0.0073 
                 0.068 
                 0.25 
                 0.20 
                 0.56 
                 0.71 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.33 
                 1.6 
                 0.94 
                 0.60 
                 0.69 
                 0.41 
                 0.16 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.3 
                 5.0 
                 18 
                 6.7 
                 7.3 
                 6.3 
                 5.1 
                 3.5 
                 2.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.747 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.16 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.65 
                 1.78 
                 3.65 
                 3.50 
                 3.65 
                 3.64 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9.49 
                 2.91 
                 9.49 
                 5.59 
                 9.49 
                 4.76 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.92 
                   
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 69.2 
                 11.7 
                 69.2 
                 22.5 
                 69.2 
                 18.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 119 
                 46 
                 119 
                 53 
                 119 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 46 
                 97 
                 53 
                 97 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.747 
                 1.00E−9 
                 3.57 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.71 
                 1.69 
                 3.71 
                 4.22 
                 3.71 
                 4.45 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9.22 
                 3.21 
                 9.22 
                 7.60 
                 9.22 
                 4.49 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 84.4 
                 7.33 
                 84.4 
                 29.1 
                 84.4 
                 14.9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 264 
                 13 
                 264 
                 18 
                 264 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 158 
                 13 
                 158 
                 18 
                 158 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.747 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.97 
                 2.62 
                 3.97 
                 3.68 
                 3.97 
                 3.28 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9.95 
                 4.65 
                 9.95 
                 5.86 
                 9.95 
                 4.42 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.39 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 69.2 
                 24.5 
                 69.2 
                 22.5 
                 69.2 
                 18.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 108 
                 44 
                 108 
                 49 
                 108 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 85 
                 44 
                 85 
                 49 
                 85 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.42 
                 0.50 
                 0.56 
                 0.59 
                 0.54 
                 0.60 
                 0.66 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.051 
                 0.085 
                 0.052 
                 0.048 
                 0.073 
                 0.050 
                 0.064 
                 0.084 
                 0.068 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.59 
                 0.33 
                 0.98 
                 0.24 
                 0.24 
                 0.45 
                 0.11 
                 0.056 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 119 
                 264 
                 108 
                 119 
                 264 
                 108 
                 119 
                 264 
                 108 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 46 
                 13 
                 44 
                 53 
                 18 
                 49 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 77% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 57% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.60 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 2.60 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 2.60 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 30% 
                 23% 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 50% 
                 46% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 4.64 
                 5.00 
                 4.82 
                 4.64 
                 5.00 
                 4.82 
                 4.64 
                 5.00 
                 4.82 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 16% 
                 32% 
                 17% 
                 31% 
                 42% 
                 31% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 84% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 12.5 
                 11.7 
                 14.5 
                 12.5 
                 11.7 
                 14.5 
                 12.5 
                 11.7 
                 14.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  2% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.18 
                 0.33 
                 0.23 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;6.5 
                 0.79 
                 7.0 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 4.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.011 
                 0.34 
                 0.0049 
                 0.32 
                 &lt;0.088 
                 0.62 
                 0.079 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.046 
                 0.033 
                 0.080 
                 0.23 
                 &gt;0.76 
                 0.30 
                 0.80 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.93 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.68 
                 3.2 
                 0.64 
                 1.6 
                 na 
                 2.1 
                 61 
                 na 
                 25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 3.4 
                 0.15 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;7.8 
                 0.60 
                 10 
                 &gt;5.4 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 0.080 
                 0.0011 
                 0.82 
                 &lt;0.058 
                 0.32 
                 0.035 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.64 
                 0.87 
                 0.049 
                 0.45 
                 &gt;0.93 
                 0.22 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;0.61 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.9 
                 13 
                 0.47 
                 2.8 
                 na 
                 1.6 
                 85 
                 na 
                 9.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 0.52 
                 1.5 
                 &gt;5.3 
                 1.3 
                 15 
                 &gt;5.3 
                 6.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.94 
                 na 
                 0.17 
                 0.37 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.54 
                 0.012 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.023 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 na 
                 0.21 
                 0.62 
                 &gt;0.60 
                 0.53 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;0.60 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 na 
                 1.3 
                 3.7 
                 na 
                 3.3 
                 120 
                 na 
                 33 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0284 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0254 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0254 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0573 
                 0.0592 
                 0.0573 
                 0.329 
                 0.0573 
                 0.0410 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.130 
                 0.0843 
                 0.130 
                 1.87 
                 0.130 
                 0.0552 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.92 
                   
                 0.022 
                   
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000295 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000362 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00142 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.18 
                 0.397 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 0.226 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 255 
                 48 
                 255 
                 57 
                 255 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 48 
                 103 
                 57 
                 103 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0193 
                 0.0168 
                 0.0193 
                 0.0254 
                 0.0193 
                 0.0135 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0863 
                 0.0575 
                 0.0863 
                 0.225 
                 0.0863 
                 0.0196 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.669 
                 0.100 
                 0.669 
                 0.570 
                 0.669 
                 0.0189 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.86 
                   
                 0.35 
                   
                 0.72 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000599 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000362 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00142 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 14.0 
                 0.398 
                 14.0 
                 2.22 
                 14.0 
                 0.0744 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 447 
                 16 
                 447 
                 21 
                 447 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 16 
                 170 
                 21 
                 170 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0176 
                 0.0333 
                 0.0176 
                 0.0278 
                 0.0176 
                 0.0292 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0571 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0571 
                 0.361 
                 0.0571 
                 0.0697 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.135 
                 0.0856 
                 0.135 
                 1.97 
                 0.135 
                 0.129 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.024 
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000295 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00126 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00274 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.18 
                 0.397 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 0.626 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 218 
                 46 
                 218 
                 51 
                 218 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 46 
                 87 
                 51 
                 87 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.53 
                 0.57 
                 0.56 
                 0.54 
                 0.59 
                 0.54 
                 0.43 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.046 
                 0.075 
                 0.048 
                 0.043 
                 0.066 
                 0.046 
                 0.060 
                 0.084 
                 0.063 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.21 
                 0.66 
                 0.15 
                 0.15 
                 0.52 
                 0.046 
                 0.46 
                 0.42 
                 0.066 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 48 
                 16 
                 46 
                 57 
                 21 
                 51 
                 27 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0114 
                 0.0130 
                 0.00935 
                 0.0156 
                 0.0130 
                 0.00681 
                 0.0182 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 40% 
                 38% 
                 39% 
                 40% 
                 33% 
                 47% 
                 40% 
                 28% 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00478 
                 0.0104 
                 0.00280 
                 0.00724 
                 0.00443 
                 0.00978 
                 0.00681 
                 0.00621 
                 0.0130 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 35% 
                 18% 
                 31% 
                 23% 
                 36% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.000972 
                 0.00817 
                 0.000925 
                 0.00442 
                 0.00338 
                 0.00559 
                 0.00511 
                 0.00511 
                 0.00633 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                 31% 
                  9% 
                 24% 
                 19% 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 25% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0404 
                 0.0441 
                 0.0385 
                 0.0404 
                 0.0441 
                 0.0385 
                 0.0404 
                 0.0441 
                 0.0385 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 31% 
                 46% 
                 32% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
                  8% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0716 
                 0.0735 
                 0.0702 
                 0.0716 
                 0.0735 
                 0.0702 
                 0.0716 
                 0.0735 
                 0.0702 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 12% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 24% 
                 22% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.126 
                 0.134 
                 0.134 
                 0.126 
                 0.134 
                 0.134 
                 0.126 
                 0.134 
                 0.134 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 19% 
                 14% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 8.4 
                 0.59 
                 2.8 
                 0.59 
                 3.6 
                 5.6 
                 4.1 
                 7.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.84 
                 0.046 
                 0.31 
                 0.031 
                 0.48 
                 0.020 
                 0.031 
                 0.21 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 1.0 
                 0.21 
                 1.1 
                 0.14 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 0.45 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.8 
                 69 
                 1.6 
                 7.3 
                 2.5 
                 11 
                 26 
                 37 
                 64 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.1 
                 3.0 
                 1.2 
                 3.3 
                 1.6 
                 4.6 
                 5.7 
                 6.3 
                 12 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.84 
                 0.34 
                 0.65 
                 0.013 
                 0.40 
                 0.0050 
                 0.029 
                 0.092 
                 0.022 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.31 
                 0.51 
                 1.3 
                 0.52 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 0.74 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.8 
                 30 
                 3.0 
                 8.3 
                 5.2 
                 13 
                 27 
                 53 
                 93 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 4.1 
                 1.5 
                 2.2 
                 1.0 
                 2.9 
                 2.6 
                 2.0 
                 7.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 0.21 
                 0.38 
                 0.11 
                 1.0 
                 0.054 
                 0.27 
                 0.57 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.73 
                 0.45 
                 0.62 
                 0.84 
                 0.28 
                 0.98 
                 0.48 
                 0.18 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.1 
                 37 
                 3.5 
                 5.8 
                 3.6 
                 8.7 
                 14 
                 23 
                 64 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.547 
                 0.678 
                 0.547 
                 0.821 
                 0.547 
                 0.727 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.550 
                 0.743 
                 0.550 
                 0.832 
                 0.550 
                 0.754 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.367 
                 0.445 
                 0.367 
                 0.449 
                 0.367 
                 0.494 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0014 
                   
                 8.3E−7 
                   
                 0.0086 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
                 1.87 
                 1.66 
                 1.87 
                 1.91 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 255 
                 48 
                 255 
                 57 
                 255 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 48 
                 103 
                 57 
                 103 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.583 
                 0.634 
                 0.583 
                 0.857 
                 0.583 
                 0.903 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.614 
                 0.738 
                 0.614 
                 0.927 
                 0.614 
                 0.786 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.419 
                 0.515 
                 0.419 
                 0.440 
                 0.419 
                 0.482 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 8.9E−4 
                   
                 0.15 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.76 
                 2.57 
                 1.66 
                 2.57 
                 1.70 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 447 
                 16 
                 447 
                 21 
                 447 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 16 
                 170 
                 21 
                 170 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.540 
                 0.731 
                 0.540 
                 0.828 
                 0.540 
                 0.747 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.560 
                 0.760 
                 0.560 
                 0.833 
                 0.560 
                 0.795 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.357 
                 0.441 
                 0.357 
                 0.432 
                 0.357 
                 0.450 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0011 
                   
                 4.1E−6 
                   
                 0.0028 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
                 1.87 
                 1.76 
                 1.87 
                 1.91 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 218 
                 46 
                 218 
                 51 
                 218 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 46 
                 87 
                 51 
                 87 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.57 
                 0.64 
                 0.69 
                 0.71 
                 0.69 
                 0.63 
                 0.62 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.046 
                 0.076 
                 0.047 
                 0.042 
                 0.065 
                 0.044 
                 0.060 
                 0.084 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0063 
                 0.38 
                 0.0038 
                 6.7E−6 
                 0.0013 
                 1.4E−5 
                 0.030 
                 0.15 
                 0.0064 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
                 255 
                 447 
                 218 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 48 
                 16 
                 46 
                 57 
                 21 
                 51 
                 27 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.499 
                 0.499 
                 0.540 
                 0.573 
                 0.657 
                 0.547 
                 0.600 
                 0.462 
                 0.644 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 45% 
                 41% 
                 50% 
                 54% 
                 57% 
                 51% 
                 60% 
                 36% 
                 63% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.331 
                 0.278 
                 0.351 
                 0.484 
                 0.636 
                 0.484 
                 0.265 
                 0.351 
                 0.484 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 29% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 44% 
                 55% 
                 42% 
                 26% 
                 28% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0994 
                 0 
                 0.0994 
                 0.0767 
                 0.484 
                 0.278 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.216 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 10% 
                 11% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.701 
                 0.807 
                 0.712 
                 0.701 
                 0.807 
                 0.712 
                 0.701 
                 0.807 
                 0.712 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 44% 
                 52% 
                 63% 
                 57% 
                 67% 
                 59% 
                 54% 
                 60% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.865 
                 0.929 
                 0.845 
                 0.865 
                 0.929 
                 0.845 
                 0.865 
                 0.929 
                 0.845 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 39% 
                 44% 
                 48% 
                 47% 
                 37% 
                 46% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.07 
                 1.14 
                 1.06 
                 1.07 
                 1.14 
                 1.06 
                 1.07 
                 1.14 
                 1.06 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 28% 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 0.74 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.57 
                 1.0 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 0.69 
                 0.59 
                 0.62 
                 1.0 
                 0.60 
                 0.46 
                 1.0 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 0.16 
                 0.46 
                 0.48 
                 0.14 
                 0.46 
                 0.13 
                 0.14 
                 0.021 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.1 
                 3.4 
                 3.8 
                 3.5 
                 7.2 
                 3.8 
                 2.5 
                 7.2 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.7 
                 0.74 
                 1.7 
                 1.8 
                 3.7 
                 1.7 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.69 
                 0.31 
                 0.24 
                 0.11 
                 0.31 
                 0.55 
                 1.0 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.67 
                 0.16 
                 0.61 
                 0.68 
                 0.74 
                 0.61 
                 0.44 
                 0.14 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.4 
                 3.4 
                 4.7 
                 4.5 
                 18 
                 4.6 
                 4.8 
                 7.2 
                 5.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 3.4 
                 4.4 
                 5.4 
                 4.7 
                 2.6 
                 3.7 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.038 
                 0.53 
                 0.011 
                 8.8E−4 
                 0.032 
                 0.0011 
                 0.084 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.42 
                 1.3 
                 1.8 
                 1.2 
                 1.8 
                 0.88 
                 0.74 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.4 
                 5.5 
                 8.8 
                 10 
                 25 
                 12 
                 8.0 
                 18 
                 7.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 2: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R) and in urine samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage I or F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.326 
                 0.774 
                 0.326 
                 0.800 
                 0.326 
                 0.480 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.82 
                 4.91 
                 3.82 
                 14.6 
                 3.82 
                 1.50 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 27.8 
                 19.0 
                 27.8 
                 57.7 
                 27.8 
                 3.07 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.018 
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 15.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 686 
                 36 
                 686 
                 48 
                 686 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 280 
                 36 
                 280 
                 48 
                 280 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.352 
                 2.78 
                 0.352 
                 1.19 
                 0.352 
                 1.60 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.89 
                 18.5 
                 3.89 
                 33.0 
                 3.89 
                 4.95 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 27.6 
                 39.3 
                 27.6 
                 70.9 
                 27.6 
                 9.22 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                  2.9E−4 
                   
                 0.89 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.188 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0773 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 510 
                 235 
                 510 
                 34.4 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 895 
                 8 
                 895 
                 13 
                 895 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 336 
                 8 
                 336 
                 13 
                 336 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.340 
                 0.766 
                 0.340 
                 0.831 
                 0.340 
                 0.601 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.66 
                 5.00 
                 2.66 
                 16.0 
                 2.66 
                 1.54 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 16.9 
                 19.3 
                 16.9 
                 60.9 
                 16.9 
                 3.21 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                  2.3E−4 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 235 
                 115 
                 235 
                 368 
                 235 
                 15.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 577 
                 35 
                 577 
                 43 
                 577 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 208 
                 35 
                 208 
                 43 
                 208 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 0.82 
                 0.63 
                 0.67 
                 0.71 
                 0.68 
                 0.59 
                 0.70 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.051 
                 0.091 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
                 0.082 
                 0.046 
                 0.059 
                 0.082 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0070 
                 4.4E−4 
                 0.015 
                 8.1E−5 
                 0.010 
                 9.2E−5 
                 0.11 
                 0.015 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 686 
                 895 
                 577 
                 686 
                 895 
                 577 
                 686 
                 895 
                 577 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 8 
                 35 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 27 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.252 
                 1.34 
                 0.272 
                 0.356 
                 0.356 
                 0.382 
                 0.259 
                 0.468 
                 0.312 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 81% 
                 45% 
                 53% 
                 51% 
                 54% 
                 44% 
                 58% 
                 48% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.205 
                 1.27 
                 0.213 
                 0.233 
                 0.291 
                 0.259 
                 0.211 
                 0.196 
                 0.233 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 36% 
                 79% 
                 37% 
                 41% 
                 45% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 32% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.129 
                 0.187 
                 0.129 
                 0.153 
                 0.209 
                 0.185 
                 0.0772 
                 0.0773 
                 0.211 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 25% 
                 31% 
                 24% 
                 28% 
                 35% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.683 
                 0.776 
                 0.737 
                 0.683 
                 0.776 
                 0.737 
                 0.683 
                 0.776 
                 0.737 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 53% 
                 88% 
                 51% 
                 52% 
                 62% 
                 53% 
                 41% 
                 62% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.04 
                 1.31 
                 1.20 
                 1.04 
                 1.31 
                 1.20 
                 1.04 
                 1.31 
                 1.20 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 42% 
                 75% 
                 34% 
                 42% 
                 38% 
                 42% 
                 30% 
                 54% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2.87 
                 3.32 
                 2.89 
                 2.87 
                 3.32 
                 2.89 
                 2.87 
                 3.32 
                 2.89 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 50% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 38% 
                 28% 
                 11% 
                 31% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.3 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 2.3 
                 2.6 
                 2.0 
                 3.1 
                 1.5 
                 0.50 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.17 
                 0.12 
                 0.57 
                 0.092 
                 0.52 
                 0.57 
                 0.27 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.70 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.70 
                 0.79 
                 0.18 
                 0.83 
                 0.42 
                 0.045 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.6 
                 na 
                 7.7 
                 8.4 
                 22 
                 12 
                 5.5 
                 5.5 
                 13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;0 
                 2.1 
                 3.1 
                 2.0 
                 4.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 3.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.25 
                 0.051 
                 0.57 
                 0.027 
                 0.25 
                 0.66 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.61 
                 0.99 
                 0.18 
                 1.2 
                 0.61 
                 0.25 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.2 
                 na 
                 7.0 
                 9.9 
                 22 
                 15 
                 6.9 
                 9.1 
                 18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.3 
                 &gt;7.2 
                 3.8 
                 6.1 
                 8.3 
                 7.1 
                 2.3 
                 3.6 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.011 
                 &lt;0.066 
                 0.022 
                 0.0011 
                 0.047 
                 0.0020 
                 0.17 
                 0.11 
                 0.050 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;0.88 
                 1.2 
                 2.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 0.70 
                 0.74 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 13 
                 na 
                 12 
                 18 
                 67 
                 24 
                 7.6 
                 17 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 327 
                 312 
                 327 
                 606 
                 327 
                 330 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1240 
                 1240 
                 1240 
                 2470 
                 1240 
                 641 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2750 
                 2820 
                 2750 
                 4080 
                 2750 
                 805 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 1.00 
                   
                 0.0041 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 3230 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 680 
                 34 
                 680 
                 48 
                 680 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 279 
                 34 
                 279 
                 48 
                 279 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 336 
                 187 
                 336 
                 318 
                 336 
                 184 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1290 
                 1880 
                 1290 
                 3100 
                 1290 
                 355 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2800 
                 4150 
                 2800 
                 5100 
                 2800 
                 645 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.023 
                   
                 0.23 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 16.3 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 2370 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 881 
                 8 
                 881 
                 13 
                 881 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 334 
                 8 
                 334 
                 13 
                 334 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 339 
                 378 
                 339 
                 603 
                 339 
                 525 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1270 
                 1350 
                 1270 
                 2180 
                 1270 
                 1080 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2740 
                 2890 
                 2740 
                 3720 
                 2740 
                 2400 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.041 
                   
                 0.73 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 12000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 574 
                 32 
                 574 
                 43 
                 574 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 207 
                 32 
                 207 
                 43 
                 207 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.41 
                 0.50 
                 0.57 
                 0.54 
                 0.57 
                 0.48 
                 0.31 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.051 
                 0.11 
                 0.053 
                 0.044 
                 0.082 
                 0.047 
                 0.056 
                 0.082 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.72 
                 0.41 
                 0.96 
                 0.098 
                 0.63 
                 0.14 
                 0.70 
                 0.022 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 680 
                 881 
                 574 
                 680 
                 881 
                 574 
                 680 
                 881 
                 574 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 34 
                 8 
                 32 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 28 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 179 
                 72.5 
                 179 
                 230 
                 175 
                 230 
                 178 
                 24.9 
                 134 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 34% 
                 14% 
                 34% 
                 39% 
                 33% 
                 39% 
                 34% 
                  6% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 40.3 
                 40.3 
                 68.2 
                 70.7 
                 159 
                 98.3 
                 65.7 
                 17.2 
                 70.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                 31% 
                 20% 
                 13% 
                  5% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 22.3 
                 16.3 
                 28.3 
                 0 
                 27.1 
                 6.53 
                 33.8 
                 0 
                 42.0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
                  4% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 677 
                 711 
                 718 
                 677 
                 711 
                 718 
                 677 
                 711 
                 718 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 34% 
                 48% 
                 38% 
                 47% 
                 21% 
                 15% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1010 
                 1070 
                 1050 
                 1010 
                 1070 
                 1050 
                 1010 
                 1070 
                 1050 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 33% 
                 21% 
                  8% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2190 
                 2460 
                 2410 
                 2190 
                 2460 
                 2410 
                 2190 
                 2460 
                 2410 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                  6% 
                 27% 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.69 
                 0.50 
                 0.86 
                 0.57 
                 2.5 
                 0.69 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.47 
                 0.57 
                 0.78 
                 0.24 
                 0.27 
                 0.46 
                 0.59 
                 0.57 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.26 
                 0.045 
                 0.30 
                 0.22 
                 0.48 
                 0.25 
                 0.46 
                 0.18 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 5.6 
                 2.4 
                 1.5 
                 13 
                 1.9 
                 4.0 
                 22 
                 3.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.89 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.91 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 4.1 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.81 
                 1.00 
                 1.0 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
                 0.82 
                 1.0 
                 0.21 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.35 
                 0.14 
                 0.37 
                 0.39 
                 0.14 
                 0.46 
                 0.32 
                 0.45 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 7.2 
                 2.7 
                 2.1 
                 7.2 
                 2.7 
                 3.2 
                 37 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.80 
                 1.5 
                 1.1 
                 1.6 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 6.2 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.65 
                 0.81 
                 0.26 
                 0.42 
                 0.31 
                 0.59 
                 0.093 
                 0.77 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 0.25 
                 0.42 
                 0.73 
                 0.36 
                 0.67 
                 0.46 
                 0.74 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 9.1 
                 3.0 
                 3.3 
                 11 
                 3.5 
                 4.0 
                 52 
                 3.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 69.3 
                 180 
                 69.3 
                 181 
                 69.3 
                 44.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 211 
                 427 
                 211 
                 368 
                 211 
                 160 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 370 
                 707 
                 370 
                 496 
                 370 
                 246 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0012 
                   
                 0.0056 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2570 
                 2890 
                 2570 
                 2780 
                 2570 
                 896 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 694 
                 37 
                 694 
                 48 
                 694 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 280 
                 37 
                 280 
                 48 
                 280 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 72.3 
                 264 
                 72.3 
                 180 
                 72.3 
                 209 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 237 
                 403 
                 237 
                 306 
                 237 
                 570 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 433 
                 484 
                 433 
                 382 
                 433 
                 963 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.0072 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 3580 
                 1230 
                 3580 
                 1450 
                 3580 
                 3510 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 904 
                 9 
                 904 
                 13 
                 904 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 336 
                 9 
                 336 
                 13 
                 336 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 74.8 
                 180 
                 74.8 
                 193 
                 74.8 
                 44.5 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 210 
                 442 
                 210 
                 389 
                 210 
                 182 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 357 
                 724 
                 357 
                 515 
                 357 
                 255 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                  6.1E−4 
                   
                 0.0023 
                   
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2570 
                 2890 
                 2570 
                 2780 
                 2570 
                 896 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 584 
                 35 
                 584 
                 43 
                 584 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 208 
                 35 
                 208 
                 43 
                 208 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 0.58 
                 0.58 
                 0.62 
                 0.63 
                 0.63 
                 0.46 
                 0.59 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.050 
                 0.10 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
                 0.084 
                 0.047 
                 0.057 
                 0.084 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 0.45 
                 0.11 
                 0.0056 
                 0.11 
                 0.0053 
                 0.49 
                 0.28 
                 0.98 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 694 
                 904 
                 584 
                 694 
                 904 
                 584 
                 694 
                 904 
                 584 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 37 
                 9 
                 35 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 28 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 33.9 
                 30.4 
                 38.4 
                 75.2 
                 114 
                 75.2 
                 30.3 
                 26.5 
                 32.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 34% 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 52% 
                 61% 
                 51% 
                 33% 
                 30% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 23.7 
                 4.70 
                 27.2 
                 21.3 
                 44.4 
                 21.2 
                 14.4 
                 14.4 
                 30.3 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 89% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 85% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 29% 
                 11% 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 21% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.15 
                 0 
                 5.68 
                 4.07 
                 5.68 
                 4.63 
                 3.20 
                 3.29 
                 12.6 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 165 
                 180 
                 179 
                 165 
                 180 
                 179 
                 165 
                 180 
                 179 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 51% 
                 56% 
                 51% 
                 52% 
                 54% 
                 53% 
                 25% 
                 54% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 289 
                 321 
                 301 
                 289 
                 321 
                 301 
                 289 
                 321 
                 301 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 40% 
                 31% 
                 40% 
                 18% 
                 38% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 596 
                 664 
                 572 
                 596 
                 664 
                 572 
                 596 
                 664 
                 572 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                  8% 
                 28% 
                 11% 
                 31% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
                 0.54 
                 0.50 
                 0.61 
                 0.80 
                 1.0 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.80 
                 1.0 
                 0.44 
                 0.28 
                 0.57 
                 0.39 
                 0.74 
                 1.0 
                 0.075 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 0.14 
                 0.53 
                 0.18 
                 0.045 
                 0.19 
                 0.21 
                 0.20 
                 0.90 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.2 
                 7.2 
                 4.4 
                 1.6 
                 5.5 
                 1.9 
                 3.0 
                 5.0 
                 9.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.99 
                 0 
                 1.2 
                 1.6 
                 2.0 
                 1.4 
                 2.5 
                 0.33 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 na 
                 0.79 
                 0.29 
                 0.42 
                 0.49 
                 0.092 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 0.38 
                 0.68 
                 0.37 
                 0.55 
                 0.86 
                 0.034 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.9 
                 na 
                 3.6 
                 3.8 
                 11 
                 3.6 
                 7.2 
                 3.2 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.2 
                 2.5 
                 2.3 
                 2.4 
                 3.0 
                 2.5 
                 1.4 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.088 
                 0.27 
                 0.11 
                 0.039 
                 0.18 
                 0.033 
                 0.55 
                 0.33 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.89 
                 0.48 
                 0.84 
                 1.0 
                 0.61 
                 1.1 
                 0.44 
                 0.50 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.6 
                 13 
                 6.1 
                 5.3 
                 15 
                 6.0 
                 4.6 
                 8.2 
                 5.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 85.6 
                 115 
                 85.6 
                 108 
                 85.6 
                 80.5 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 535 
                 135 
                 535 
                 323 
                 535 
                 93.8 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 3560 
                 120 
                 3560 
                 787 
                 3560 
                 83.2 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 6.13 
                 1.48 
                 5.40 
                 1.48 
                 5.40 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 610 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 349 
               
               
                   
                 n(Samp) 
                 421 
                 25 
                 421 
                 33 
                 421 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 165 
                 25 
                 165 
                 33 
                 165 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 89.6 
                 123 
                 89.6 
                 89.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 472 
                 776 
                 472 
                 138 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3240 
                 1520 
                 3240 
                 207 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.79 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.48 
                 21.0 
                 1.48 
                 7.79 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 600 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 511 
                 8 
                 511 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 198 
                 8 
                 198 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 84.8 
                 114 
                 84.8 
                 98.4 
                 84.8 
                 82.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 600 
                 130 
                 600 
                 185 
                 600 
                 134 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 3860 
                 122 
                 3860 
                 252 
                 3860 
                 155 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2.78 
                 6.13 
                 2.78 
                 5.40 
                 2.78 
                 5.40 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 610 
                 38800 
                 1250 
                 38800 
                 649 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 25 
                 357 
                 29 
                 357 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 25 
                 135 
                 29 
                 135 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
                 0.58 
                 0.62 
                 0.57 
                 0.44 
                 0.42 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.054 
                 0.11 
                 0.057 
                 0.073 
                 0.11 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.12 
                 0.27 
                 0.20 
                 0.43 
                 0.46 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 421 
                 nd 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 33 
                 8 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 82.1 
                 nd 
                 56.6 
                 75.3 
                 89.6 
                 74.9 
                 52.0 
                 51.3 
                 55.5 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 48% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 44% 
                 50% 
                 44% 
                 30% 
                 28% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 56.6 
                 nd 
                 48.8 
                 60.2 
                 34.6 
                 60.2 
                 50.4 
                 16.1 
                 52.0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 37% 
                 16% 
                 37% 
                 30% 
                  7% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 11.0 
                 nd 
                 11.0 
                 19.0 
                 20.3 
                 18.3 
                 6.00 
                 7.43 
                 6.00 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                  9% 
                  8% 
                  2% 
                  3% 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 138 
                 nd 
                 132 
                 138 
                 144 
                 132 
                 138 
                 144 
                 132 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 41% 
                 24% 
                 14% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 190 
                 nd 
                 180 
                 190 
                 194 
                 180 
                 190 
                 194 
                 180 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                  6% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 302 
                 nd 
                 294 
                 302 
                 316 
                 294 
                 302 
                 316 
                 294 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 18% 
                 38% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 0.49 
                 1.8 
                 1.4 
                 2.0 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 0.77 
                 0.56 
                 0.37 
                 0.69 
                 0.56 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.36 
                 0.044 
                 0.51 
                 0.30 
                 0.18 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 4.8 
                 4.1 
                 5.5 
                 6.3 
                 6.2 
                 23 
                 18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 2.6 
                 0.99 
                 2.4 
                 2.4 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.059 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.087 
                 0.99 
                 0.16 
                 0.21 
                 0.57 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.95 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 0.87 
                 0.14 
                 0.71 
                 0.61 
                 0.18 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
                 7.5 
                 7.2 
                 8.0 
                 9.6 
                 23 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
                 2.4 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.20 
                 0.66 
                 0.17 
                 0.99 
                 0.56 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 0.69 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 0.20 
                 0.18 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 9.5 
                 nd 
                 8.8 
                 6.3 
                 9.1 
                 7.9 
                 5.1 
                 23 
                 11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 8.73 
                 18.4 
                 8.73 
                 30.4 
                 8.73 
                 13.0 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 18.5 
                 26.9 
                 18.5 
                 27.5 
                 18.5 
                 30.1 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 24.1 
                 32.3 
                 24.1 
                 21.9 
                 24.1 
                 41.5 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.048 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.019 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00556 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0366 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0159 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 87.5 
                 259 
                 162 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 687 
                 36 
                 687 
                 48 
                 687 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 280 
                 36 
                 280 
                 48 
                 280 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 9.65 
                 30.4 
                 9.65 
                 30.4 
                 9.65 
                 5.22 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 19.1 
                 37.9 
                 19.1 
                 35.3 
                 19.1 
                 28.6 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 23.7 
                 46.7 
                 23.7 
                 28.7 
                 23.7 
                 39.8 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.028 
                   
                 0.015 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00556 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0442 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0806 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 104 
                 259 
                 142 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 896 
                 8 
                 896 
                 13 
                 896 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 336 
                 8 
                 336 
                 13 
                 336 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 10.3 
                 25.2 
                 10.3 
                 30.4 
                 10.3 
                 24.6 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 19.0 
                 29.6 
                 19.0 
                 29.8 
                 19.0 
                 29.8 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 23.7 
                 32.6 
                 23.7 
                 22.2 
                 23.7 
                 36.6 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.0038 
                   
                 0.036 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0124 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0366 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0108 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 87.5 
                 259 
                 162 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 578 
                 35 
                 578 
                 43 
                 578 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 208 
                 35 
                 208 
                 43 
                 208 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
                 0.62 
                 0.66 
                 0.65 
                 0.55 
                 0.54 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.050 
                 0.11 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
                 0.083 
                 0.047 
                 0.058 
                 0.083 
                 0.063 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.36 
                 0.50 
                 0.11 
                 0.0064 
                 0.051 
                 0.0017 
                 0.39 
                 0.60 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 8 
                 35 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 27 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.38 
                 1.69 
                 3.54 
                 5.22 
                 21.9 
                 13.2 
                 2.73 
                 4.45 
                 2.57 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 30% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 41% 
                 63% 
                 54% 
                 32% 
                 38% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.802 
                 0.0106 
                 1.65 
                 2.21 
                 5.26 
                 2.40 
                 0.706 
                 0.623 
                 0.689 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                  2% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 41% 
                 28% 
                 17% 
                 16% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0124 
                 0.00496 
                 0.401 
                 0.468 
                 0.200 
                 0.731 
                 0.401 
                 0.251 
                 0.401 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  2% 
                  1% 
                 13% 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                 10% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 29.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 29.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 29.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 54% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 37% 
                 31% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 80% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 80% 
                 70% 
                 79% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.7 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.7 
                 30.4 
                 32.5 
                 30.7 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 37% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 48.3 
                 51.5 
                 48.0 
                 48.3 
                 51.5 
                 48.0 
                 48.3 
                 51.5 
                 48.0 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 23% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.88 
                 0.50 
                 0.87 
                 0.65 
                 0.50 
                 0.70 
                 0.85 
                 1.3 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.79 
                 0.57 
                 0.79 
                 0.43 
                 0.57 
                 0.56 
                 0.77 
                 0.70 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.33 
                 0.045 
                 0.31 
                 0.23 
                 0.045 
                 0.22 
                 0.28 
                 0.30 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.3 
                 5.5 
                 2.5 
                 1.9 
                 5.5 
                 2.3 
                 2.6 
                 6.1 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.43 
                 1.0 
                 0.87 
                 1.6 
                 2.5 
                 1.3 
                 0.71 
                 0.66 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 1.0 
                 0.79 
                 0.29 
                 0.27 
                 0.61 
                 0.56 
                 0.66 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 0.14 
                 0.31 
                 0.67 
                 0.49 
                 0.47 
                 0.22 
                 0.11 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 7.2 
                 2.5 
                 3.8 
                 13 
                 3.6 
                 2.3 
                 4.0 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 2.2 
                 2.5 
                 3.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 0.66 
                 0.27 
                 0.056 
                 0.27 
                 0.0057 
                 0.62 
                 0.71 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.73 
                 0.25 
                 0.67 
                 0.98 
                 0.48 
                 1.4 
                 0.47 
                 0.30 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.0 
                 9.1 
                 4.2 
                 5.1 
                 13 
                 8.4 
                 3.6 
                 6.0 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0758 
                 0.0582 
                 0.0758 
                 0.106 
                 0.0758 
                 0.0524 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.135 
                 0.112 
                 0.135 
                 0.209 
                 0.135 
                 0.0810 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.52 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.48 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 0.500 
                 0.917 
                 0.896 
                 0.917 
                 0.240 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 421 
                 25 
                 421 
                 33 
                 421 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 165 
                 25 
                 165 
                 33 
                 165 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00336 
                 0.0622 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0799 
                 0.229 
                 0.0799 
                 0.0651 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.143 
                 0.381 
                 0.143 
                 0.0807 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.0053 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 0.917 
                 0.195 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 511 
                 8 
                 511 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 198 
                 8 
                 198 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0783 
                 0.0582 
                 0.0783 
                 0.0960 
                 0.0783 
                 0.0712 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.137 
                 0.112 
                 0.137 
                 0.217 
                 0.137 
                 0.103 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.48 
                   
                 0.52 
                   
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 0.500 
                 0.917 
                 0.896 
                 0.917 
                 0.324 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 25 
                 357 
                 29 
                 357 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 25 
                 135 
                 29 
                 135 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.52 
                 0.62 
                 0.49 
                 0.48 
                 0.52 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.053 
                 0.11 
                 0.056 
                 0.072 
                 0.11 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.68 
                 0.28 
                 0.81 
                 0.80 
                 0.87 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 421 
                 nd 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 33 
                 8 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.114 
                 nd 
                 0.115 
                 0.114 
                 0.118 
                 0.115 
                 0.114 
                 0.118 
                 0.115 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 33% 
                 50% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.159 
                 nd 
                 0.160 
                 0.159 
                 0.163 
                 0.160 
                 0.159 
                 0.163 
                 0.160 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 21% 
                 38% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 14% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.238 
                 nd 
                 0.243 
                 0.238 
                 0.240 
                 0.243 
                 0.238 
                 0.240 
                 0.243 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 12% 
                 38% 
                  7% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 &gt;26 
                 &gt;4.1 
                 0.27 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;8.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.097 
                 nd 
                 0.092 
                 &lt;0.0017 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.11 
                 0.54 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;0.044 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.86 
                 nd 
                 0.019 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.055 
                 0.44 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 6.4 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 na 
                 na 
                 1.4 
                 4.7 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 3.5 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 2.2 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;6.3 
                 &gt;4.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.012 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.11 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.091 
                 &lt;0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.83 
                 0.28 
                 &gt;0.75 
                 &gt;0.46 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 9.2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 5.6 
                 3.6 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 &gt;9.7 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 0.86 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;5.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.033 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.79 
                 na 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 &lt;0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 &gt;1.2 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.28 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.60 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 2.7 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0950 
                 0.0362 
                 0.0950 
                 0.165 
                 0.0950 
                 0.0805 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 40.5 
                 23.0 
                 40.5 
                 6.27 
                 40.5 
                 0.177 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 733 
                 126 
                 733 
                 31.8 
                 733 
                 0.281 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 1.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 687 
                 36 
                 687 
                 48 
                 687 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 280 
                 36 
                 280 
                 48 
                 280 
                 27 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.103 
                 0.263 
                 0.103 
                 0.314 
                 0.103 
                 0.129 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 31.6 
                 94.6 
                 31.6 
                 2.53 
                 31.6 
                 0.225 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 642 
                 267 
                 642 
                 6.04 
                 642 
                 0.353 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 21.2 
                 13600 
                 1.28 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 896 
                 8 
                 896 
                 13 
                 896 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 336 
                 8 
                 336 
                 13 
                 336 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0984 
                 0.0303 
                 0.0984 
                 0.193 
                 0.0984 
                 0.106 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 24.4 
                 23.7 
                 24.4 
                 6.96 
                 24.4 
                 0.242 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 565 
                 127 
                 565 
                 33.5 
                 565 
                 0.357 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.84 
                   
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 1.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 578 
                 35 
                 578 
                 43 
                 578 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 208 
                 35 
                 208 
                 43 
                 208 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.45 
                 0.55 
                 0.44 
                 0.56 
                 0.55 
                 0.57 
                 0.45 
                 0.44 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.051 
                 0.11 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
                 0.083 
                 0.047 
                 0.058 
                 0.083 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.33 
                 0.63 
                 0.24 
                 0.19 
                 0.53 
                 0.16 
                 0.39 
                 0.45 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
                 687 
                 896 
                 578 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 8 
                 35 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 27 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0.0100 
                 0 
                 0.0328 
                 0.00292 
                 0.0463 
                 0.0218 
                 0 
                 0.0267 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 75% 
                 100%  
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 100%  
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 22% 
                  0% 
                 33% 
                 19% 
                 38% 
                 28% 
                  0% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.0174 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.250 
                 0.302 
                 0.288 
                 0.250 
                 0.302 
                 0.288 
                 0.250 
                 0.302 
                 0.288 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 34% 
                 40% 
                 54% 
                 40% 
                 26% 
                 15% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.464 
                 0.564 
                 0.551 
                 0.464 
                 0.564 
                 0.551 
                 0.464 
                 0.564 
                 0.551 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 26% 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 33% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.39 
                 1.76 
                 1.49 
                 1.39 
                 1.76 
                 1.49 
                 1.39 
                 1.76 
                 1.49 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 19% 
                 15% 
                 21% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.44 
                 0 
                 0.49 
                 0.52 
                 0.50 
                 0.69 
                 2.3 
                 2.5 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 na 
                 0.20 
                 0.17 
                 0.42 
                 0.46 
                 0.17 
                 0.27 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.15 
                 na 
                 0.16 
                 0.20 
                 0.090 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 0.49 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 na 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 2.7 
                 1.9 
                 7.7 
                 13 
                 7.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.44 
                 0.66 
                 0.59 
                 0.83 
                 0.25 
                 1.1 
                 1.8 
                 0.50 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 0.66 
                 0.32 
                 0.66 
                 0.21 
                 0.82 
                 0.36 
                 0.57 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.15 
                 0.11 
                 0.21 
                 0.36 
                 0.027 
                 0.46 
                 0.51 
                 0.045 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.3 
                 4.0 
                 1.7 
                 1.9 
                 2.2 
                 2.7 
                 6.2 
                 5.6 
                 6.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.8 
                 2.5 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.41 
                 1.0 
                 0.39 
                 0.46 
                 0.53 
                 0.31 
                 0.36 
                 0.27 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.63 
                 0.20 
                 0.62 
                 0.63 
                 0.42 
                 0.67 
                 0.51 
                 0.49 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 5.0 
                 3.4 
                 2.8 
                 5.4 
                 3.5 
                 6.2 
                 13 
                 4.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0840 
                 0.0895 
                 0.0840 
                 0.0581 
                 0.0840 
                 0.101 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.530 
                 0.392 
                 0.530 
                 0.222 
                 0.530 
                 0.285 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.73 
                 1.47 
                 1.73 
                 0.729 
                 1.73 
                 0.753 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.46 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 9.00 
                 20.2 
                 5.03 
                 20.2 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 695 
                 37 
                 695 
                 48 
                 695 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 281 
                 37 
                 281 
                 48 
                 281 
                 28 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0819 
                 0.0559 
                 0.0819 
                 0.0823 
                 0.0819 
                 0.0761 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.478 
                 0.0979 
                 0.478 
                 0.181 
                 0.478 
                 0.123 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.58 
                 0.109 
                 1.58 
                 0.328 
                 1.58 
                 0.164 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.47 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.42 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 0.273 
                 20.2 
                 1.21 
                 20.2 
                 0.535 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 905 
                 9 
                 905 
                 13 
                 905 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 337 
                 9 
                 337 
                 13 
                 337 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0916 
                 0.0895 
                 0.0916 
                 0.0595 
                 0.0916 
                 0.0926 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.989 
                 0.407 
                 0.989 
                 0.237 
                 0.989 
                 0.277 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 5.85 
                 1.51 
                 5.85 
                 0.768 
                 5.85 
                 0.797 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.40 
                   
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 83.3 
                 9.00 
                 83.3 
                 5.03 
                 83.3 
                 4.00 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 585 
                 35 
                 585 
                 43 
                 585 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 209 
                 35 
                 209 
                 43 
                 209 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 0.41 
                 0.44 
                 0.43 
                 0.46 
                 0.42 
                 0.48 
                 0.44 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.050 
                 0.10 
                 0.052 
                 0.044 
                 0.082 
                 0.047 
                 0.056 
                 0.083 
                 0.061 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.37 
                 0.38 
                 0.25 
                 0.097 
                 0.61 
                 0.073 
                 0.69 
                 0.44 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 695 
                 905 
                 585 
                 695 
                 905 
                 585 
                 695 
                 905 
                 585 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 37 
                 9 
                 35 
                 48 
                 13 
                 43 
                 28 
                 13 
                 25 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.00916 
                 0.00948 
                 0.00878 
                 0.0204 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 73% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.190 
                 0.172 
                 0.215 
                 0.190 
                 0.172 
                 0.215 
                 0.190 
                 0.172 
                 0.215 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 25% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 25% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.388 
                 0.342 
                 0.437 
                 0.388 
                 0.342 
                 0.437 
                 0.388 
                 0.342 
                 0.437 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                  9% 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.22 
                 0.995 
                 1.43 
                 1.22 
                 0.995 
                 1.43 
                 1.22 
                 0.995 
                 1.43 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  3% 
                  0% 
                  3% 
                  2% 
                  8% 
                  2% 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 3.0 
                 2.5 
                 0.89 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 1.7 
                 0.67 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.34 
                 0.090 
                 0.81 
                 0.70 
                 0.79 
                 0.31 
                 0.66 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.68 
                 0.31 
                 0.87 
                 0.36 
                 0.30 
                 0.41 
                 0.61 
                 0.11 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.6 
                 29 
                 7.3 
                 2.3 
                 6.1 
                 3.3 
                 4.8 
                 4.0 
                 7.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.56 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.66 
                 1.8 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.52 
                 0.66 
                 0.24 
                 0.76 
                 1.0 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.16 
                 0.062 
                 0.28 
                 0.56 
                 0.11 
                 0.68 
                 0.25 
                 0.20 
                 0.089 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 16 
                 3.5 
                 3.1 
                 4.0 
                 4.6 
                 2.8 
                 5.0 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 4.1 
                 2.7 
                 1.7 
                 1.3 
                 2.4 
                 1.2 
                 1.7 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 0.21 
                 0.061 
                 0.22 
                 0.70 
                 0.058 
                 0.77 
                 0.48 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.82 
                 0.45 
                 0.95 
                 0.74 
                 0.30 
                 0.97 
                 0.39 
                 0.40 
                 0.80 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.3 
                 37 
                 7.9 
                 3.8 
                 6.1 
                 6.1 
                 3.6 
                 7.2 
                 8.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 11900 
                 15200 
                 11900 
                 18700 
                 11900 
                 12200 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 14000 
                 15200 
                 14000 
                 34800 
                 14000 
                 14900 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 10600 
                 7710 
                 10600 
                 57200 
                 10600 
                 12600 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 5.1E−7 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 344 
                 1090 
                 344 
                 1830 
                 344 
                 1290 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 70000 
                 35600 
                 70000 
                 323000 
                 70000 
                 44000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 249 
                 22 
                 249 
                 32 
                 249 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 22 
                 160 
                 32 
                 160 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 12800 
                 14400 
                 12800 
                 13500 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16100 
                 19200 
                 16100 
                 25600 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 20800 
                 14900 
                 20800 
                 37800 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.71 
                   
                 0.24 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 344 
                 9280 
                 344 
                 2180 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 323000 
                 48600 
                 323000 
                 110000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 316 
                 6 
                 316 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 187 
                 6 
                 187 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 12600 
                 15700 
                 12600 
                 20400 
                 12600 
                 12800 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 14500 
                 15700 
                 14500 
                 37300 
                 14500 
                 16600 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 10700 
                 7670 
                 10700 
                 59700 
                 10700 
                 12300 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 6.3E−7 
                   
                 0.45 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 344 
                 1090 
                 344 
                 1830 
                 344 
                 1290 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 70000 
                 35600 
                 70000 
                 323000 
                 70000 
                 44000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 218 
                 22 
                 218 
                 29 
                 218 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 134 
                 22 
                 134 
                 29 
                 134 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.68 
                 0.60 
                 0.69 
                 0.49 
                 0.51 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.066 
                 0.055 
                 0.12 
                 0.057 
                 0.073 
                 0.11 
                 0.076 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
                 0.0011 
                 0.42 
                 0.0011 
                 0.93 
                 0.90 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 249 
                 nd 
                 218 
                 249 
                 316 
                 218 
                 249 
                 316 
                 218 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 32 
                 6 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 11500 
                 nd 
                 11800 
                 13100 
                 9320 
                 14300 
                 6810 
                 9290 
                 8990 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 83% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 49% 
                 nd 
                 48% 
                 54% 
                 39% 
                 59% 
                 28% 
                 38% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 8990 
                 nd 
                 11200 
                 8990 
                 9320 
                 7850 
                 5250 
                 5250 
                 6860 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 41% 
                 39% 
                 32% 
                 20% 
                 18% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6810 
                 nd 
                 6860 
                 5680 
                 8990 
                 5140 
                 2050 
                 2050 
                 2940 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 22% 
                 38% 
                 16% 
                  4% 
                  4% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 17000 
                 nd 
                 17900 
                 17000 
                 18100 
                 17900 
                 17000 
                 18100 
                 17900 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 53% 
                 33% 
                 59% 
                 29% 
                 43% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 21100 
                 nd 
                 21900 
                 21100 
                 23100 
                 21900 
                 21100 
                 23100 
                 21900 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 41% 
                 17% 
                 48% 
                 24% 
                 14% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 27700 
                 nd 
                 27700 
                 27700 
                 29700 
                 27700 
                 27700 
                 29700 
                 27700 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 34% 
                 17% 
                 38% 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 0.57 
                 1.3 
                 0.49 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 0.73 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.46 
                 0.71 
                 0.56 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.13 
                 0.33 
                 0.043 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 6.3 
                 4.9 
                 na 
                 2.5 
                 5.0 
                 5.5 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.0 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
                 2.4 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 1.4 
                 0.74 
                 0.99 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.046 
                 nd 
                 0.052 
                 0.16 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.56 
                 0.70 
                 0.99 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
                 0.71 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.43 
                 0.16 
                 0.14 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 24 
                 nd 
                 15 
                 8.3 
                 na 
                 4.8 
                 3.4 
                 7.2 
                 5.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
                 4.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 3.3 
                 1.3 
                 0.99 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.019 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.034 
                 0.71 
                 0.99 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;0.061 
                 1.1 
                 0.33 
                 0.14 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 7.6 
                 13 
                 na 
                 9.7 
                 5.0 
                 7.2 
                 7.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.373 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.67 
                 1.00E−9 
                 3.57 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.58 
                 2.56 
                 3.58 
                 5.41 
                 3.58 
                 4.29 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9.20 
                 3.80 
                 9.20 
                 9.85 
                 9.20 
                 5.08 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 84.4 
                 11.7 
                 84.4 
                 49.5 
                 84.4 
                 18.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 22 
                 246 
                 32 
                 246 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 22 
                 159 
                 32 
                 159 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.79 
                 1.00E−9 
                 3.57 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.71 
                 6.25 
                 3.71 
                 4.49 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 8.82 
                 11.4 
                 8.82 
                 4.43 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.82 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 84.4 
                 29.1 
                 84.4 
                 11.7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 314 
                 6 
                 314 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 186 
                 6 
                 186 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.373 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.747 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.78 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.71 
                 2.56 
                 3.71 
                 5.68 
                 3.71 
                 4.29 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9.59 
                 3.80 
                 9.59 
                 10.3 
                 9.59 
                 5.28 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.81 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 84.4 
                 11.7 
                 84.4 
                 49.5 
                 84.4 
                 18.6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 216 
                 22 
                 216 
                 29 
                 216 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 133 
                 22 
                 133 
                 29 
                 133 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.58 
                 0.55 
                 0.58 
                 0.63 
                 0.68 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.065 
                 nd 
                 0.066 
                 0.056 
                 0.12 
                 0.059 
                 0.075 
                 0.11 
                 0.077 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
                 0.13 
                 0.70 
                 0.18 
                 0.078 
                 0.10 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 246 
                 nd 
                 216 
                 246 
                 314 
                 216 
                 246 
                 314 
                 216 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 32 
                 6 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 86% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 57% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 86% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 57% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 3.57 
                 nd 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 34% 
                 33% 
                 34% 
                 47% 
                 43% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 5.00 
                 nd 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 28% 
                 35% 
                 43% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 87% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
                 87% 
                 86% 
                 83% 
                 87% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 12.5 
                 nd 
                 12.5 
                 12.5 
                 11.7 
                 12.5 
                 12.5 
                 11.7 
                 12.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
                 0.46 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 0.54 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 0.23 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.35 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.15 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 1.6 
                 na 
                 2.0 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 1.2 
                 0.47 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.027 
                 0.80 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.78 
                 0.30 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.058 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 0.41 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.39 
                 0.11 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.015 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 3.4 
                 2.0 
                 na 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 1.5 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 0.48 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 0.46 
                 0.59 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 0.53 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.53 
                 0.44 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 3.8 
                 na 
                 4.2 
                 4.2 
                 na 
                 3.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0170 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0238 
                 0.0182 
                 0.0236 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0552 
                 0.0252 
                 0.0552 
                 0.562 
                 0.0552 
                 0.0711 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.132 
                 0.0246 
                 0.132 
                 2.44 
                 0.132 
                 0.147 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.26 
                   
                 2.8E−5 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000295 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00104 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00164 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.57 
                 0.0990 
                 1.57 
                 14.0 
                 1.57 
                 0.626 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 421 
                 25 
                 421 
                 33 
                 421 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 165 
                 25 
                 165 
                 33 
                 165 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0191 
                 0.0176 
                 0.0191 
                 0.0323 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0836 
                 0.0657 
                 0.0836 
                 0.357 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.630 
                 0.0945 
                 0.630 
                 0.824 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.26 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00589 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00630 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 14.0 
                 0.269 
                 14.0 
                 2.22 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 511 
                 8 
                 511 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 198 
                 8 
                 198 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0192 
                 0.0166 
                 0.0192 
                 0.0238 
                 0.0192 
                 0.0236 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0567 
                 0.0245 
                 0.0567 
                 0.624 
                 0.0567 
                 0.0794 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.139 
                 0.0244 
                 0.139 
                 2.61 
                 0.139 
                 0.147 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 5.0E−5 
                   
                 0.51 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.000295 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00104 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00164 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.57 
                 0.0990 
                 1.57 
                 14.0 
                 1.57 
                 0.626 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 25 
                 357 
                 29 
                 357 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 25 
                 135 
                 29 
                 135 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.60 
                 0.56 
                 0.59 
                 0.58 
                 0.61 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.054 
                 0.11 
                 0.057 
                 0.074 
                 0.11 
                 0.074 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.76 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.052 
                 0.56 
                 0.11 
                 0.30 
                 0.35 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 421 
                 nd 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 33 
                 8 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00809 
                 nd 
                 0.00769 
                 0.0129 
                 0.00991 
                 0.0130 
                 0.0147 
                 0.0133 
                 0.0186 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 41% 
                 35% 
                 41% 
                 44% 
                 40% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00693 
                 nd 
                 0.00636 
                 0.00935 
                 0.00935 
                 0.00511 
                 0.00681 
                 0.00681 
                 0.0147 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 35% 
                 34% 
                 26% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00280 
                 nd 
                 0.00280 
                 0.00356 
                 0.00559 
                 0.00205 
                 0.00559 
                 0.00621 
                 0.00559 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 21% 
                 27% 
                 15% 
                 29% 
                 28% 
                 28% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0390 
                 nd 
                 0.0390 
                 0.0390 
                 0.0406 
                 0.0390 
                 0.0390 
                 0.0406 
                 0.0390 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 48% 
                 38% 
                 48% 
                 35% 
                 43% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0697 
                 nd 
                 0.0613 
                 0.0697 
                 0.0715 
                 0.0613 
                 0.0697 
                 0.0715 
                 0.0613 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 36% 
                 25% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.122 
                 nd 
                 0.122 
                 0.122 
                 0.126 
                 0.122 
                 0.122 
                 0.126 
                 0.122 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 18% 
                 25% 
                 14% 
                 12% 
                 29% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.8 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;4.1 
                 1.4 
                 5.1 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 5.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 0.28 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.57 
                 0.14 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.43 
                 0.59 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 6.5 
                 5.7 
                 na 
                 4.6 
                 45 
                 na 
                 45 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.2 
                 5.2 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 0.76 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.76 
                 0.14 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.36 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.8 
                 nd 
                 8.0 
                 4.1 
                 na 
                 4.1 
                 45 
                 na 
                 38 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 2.8 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 2.3 
                 6.2 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 7.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
                 0.060 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.13 
                 0.093 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.96 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.78 
                 0.74 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.89 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 4.9 
                 8.1 
                 na 
                 7.0 
                 53 
                 na 
                 61 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.583 
                 0.726 
                 0.583 
                 0.575 
                 0.583 
                 0.688 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.626 
                 0.622 
                 0.626 
                 0.646 
                 0.626 
                 0.572 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.417 
                 0.489 
                 0.417 
                 0.388 
                 0.417 
                 0.366 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.96 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.58 
                 2.57 
                 1.42 
                 2.57 
                 1.06 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 421 
                 25 
                 421 
                 33 
                 421 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 165 
                 25 
                 165 
                 33 
                 165 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.583 
                 0.736 
                 0.583 
                 0.958 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.622 
                 0.762 
                 0.622 
                 0.734 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.419 
                 0.472 
                 0.419 
                 0.505 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.35 
                   
                 0.49 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.57 
                 1.42 
                 2.57 
                 1.19 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 511 
                 8 
                 511 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 198 
                 8 
                 198 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.599 
                 0.726 
                 0.599 
                 0.575 
                 0.599 
                 0.761 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.642 
                 0.598 
                 0.642 
                 0.669 
                 0.642 
                 0.669 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.423 
                 0.461 
                 0.423 
                 0.393 
                 0.423 
                 0.396 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.62 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.79 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.58 
                 2.57 
                 1.41 
                 2.57 
                 1.27 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 357 
                 25 
                 357 
                 29 
                 357 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 25 
                 135 
                 29 
                 135 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.52 
                 0.60 
                 0.52 
                 0.49 
                 0.61 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 0.060 
                 0.053 
                 0.11 
                 0.056 
                 0.072 
                 0.11 
                 0.073 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.93 
                 nd 
                 0.86 
                 0.72 
                 0.37 
                 0.69 
                 0.90 
                 0.34 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 421 
                 nd 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
                 421 
                 511 
                 357 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 33 
                 8 
                 29 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.128 
                 nd 
                 0.128 
                 0.462 
                 0.484 
                 0.462 
                 0.484 
                 0.818 
                 0.493 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
                 35% 
                 36% 
                 34% 
                 36% 
                 71% 
                 39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.278 
                 0.373 
                 0.278 
                 0.0994 
                 0 
                 0.265 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 85% 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 100%  
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 22% 
                 32% 
                 20% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.127 
                 0 
                 0.127 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.780 
                 nd 
                 0.797 
                 0.780 
                 0.807 
                 0.797 
                 0.780 
                 0.807 
                 0.797 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 36% 
                 50% 
                 38% 
                 41% 
                 71% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.955 
                 nd 
                 0.968 
                 0.955 
                 0.933 
                 0.968 
                 0.955 
                 0.933 
                 0.968 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 24% 
                 38% 
                 24% 
                 12% 
                 57% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.18 
                 nd 
                 1.25 
                 1.18 
                 1.16 
                 1.25 
                 1.18 
                 1.16 
                 1.25 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 12% 
                 25% 
                  7% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
                 1.1 
                 2.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 0 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
                 0.82 
                 0.57 
                 0.80 
                 0.72 
                 na 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 0.42 
                 0.18 
                 0.40 
                 0.33 
                 na 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
                 3.0 
                 22 
                 3.3 
                 4.9 
                 na 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.23 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 0.85 
                 0.74 
                 0.50 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 0.77 
                 0.70 
                 0.57 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.048 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.27 
                 0.16 
                 0.044 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 1.1 
                 2.8 
                 22 
                 2.6 
                 3.4 
                 5.5 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 0.99 
                 3.0 
                 1.1 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
                 0.99 
                 0.34 
                 0.80 
                 0.72 
                 0.42 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 0.36 
                 0.31 
                 0.40 
                 0.33 
                 0.36 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 2.7 
                 29 
                 3.3 
                 4.9 
                 11 
                 4.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 3: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected within 12 hours of reaching stage R from Cohort 1 (patients that reached, but did not progress beyond, RIFLE stage R) and from Cohort 2 (patients that reached RIFLE stage I or F). 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.311 
                 0.892 
                 0.297 
                 1.43 
                 0.312 
                 0.769 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3.22 
                 1.84 
                 1.66 
                 2.47 
                 3.60 
                 1.86 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 17.8 
                 2.38 
                 4.76 
                 2.86 
                 19.9 
                 2.56 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.66 
                   
                 0.62 
                   
                 0.67 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0499 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0837 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0499 
               
               
                 Max 
                 155 
                 10.8 
                 25.6 
                 9.09 
                 155 
                 10.8 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.67 
                 0.72 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 0.10 
                 0.067 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.0026 
                 0.029 
                 0.0099 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 78 
                 30 
                 61 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 34 
                 10 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.459 
                 1.01 
                 0.459 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 63% 
                 83% 
                 59% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.210 
                 0.528 
                 0.351 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 40% 
                 70% 
                 54% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.147 
                 0.156 
                 0.184 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 23% 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.700 
                 0.528 
                 0.776 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 53% 
                 80% 
                 48% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.07 
                 0.835 
                 1.23 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 47% 
                 70% 
                 44% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2.83 
                 2.79 
                 2.83 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 30% 
                 16% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.44 
                 0 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 na 
                 0.73 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.098 
                 na 
                 0.26 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.0 
                 na 
                 6.8 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 1.7 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.61 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.22 
                 0.65 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.7 
                 13 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.2 
                 4.0 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.016 
                 0.17 
                 0.018 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 0.55 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 14 
                 29 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11.2 
                 30.4 
                 10.5 
                 30.4 
                 13.2 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.1 
                 27.7 
                 19.1 
                 32.8 
                 19.2 
                 31.0 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 20.3 
                 22.1 
                 20.7 
                 31.2 
                 20.2 
                 21.7 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.045 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 0.019 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.182 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0442 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.416 
               
               
                 Max 
                 64.5 
                 87.5 
                 61.4 
                 104 
                 64.5 
                 87.5 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.64 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.059 
                 0.11 
                 0.068 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.040 
                 0.20 
                 0.019 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 78 
                 30 
                 61 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 34 
                 10 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 6.36 
                 29.3 
                 27.5 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 46% 
                 67% 
                 67% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.09 
                 1.45 
                 6.36 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 37% 
                 46% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.731 
                 0.727 
                 1.07 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 32% 
                 40% 
                 36% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 76% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 38.2 
                 33.8 
                 38.2 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 26% 
                 40% 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 56.0 
                 49.1 
                 48.3 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  3% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.65 
                 0.44 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.52 
                 0.54 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 0.034 
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.4 
                 5.9 
                 3.4 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 1.7 
                 3.9 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.61 
                 0.056 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.22 
                 0.97 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.1 
                 13 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.9 
                 2.7 
                 2.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.34 
                 0.21 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.36 
                 0.60 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.1 
                 20 
                 9.8 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.132 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.103 
                 0.0776 
                 0.102 
                 0.110 
                 0.0996 
                 0.0513 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.142 
                 0.0998 
                 0.135 
                 0.119 
                 0.138 
                 0.0854 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.20 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.618 
                 0.324 
                 0.472 
                 0.324 
                 0.618 
                 0.307 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 52 
                 23 
                 18 
                 7 
                 43 
                 16 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 52 
                 23 
                 18 
                 7 
                 43 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.54 
                 0.40 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 0.13 
                 0.086 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.68 
                 0.79 
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 52 
                 18 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.138 
                 0.164 
                 0.138 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 22% 
                 29% 
                  6% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.191 
                 0.204 
                 0.175 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                  9% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.282 
                 0.307 
                 0.282 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 0.40 
                 1.6 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 0.51 
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.32 
                 0.026 
                 0.23 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.3 
                 6.2 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 9.8 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 1.0 
                 0.014 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 0.091 
                 1.6 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.5 
                 11 
                 60 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 0.80 
                 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.92 
                 0.85 
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 0.076 
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.6 
                 8.5 
                 8.9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0310 
                 0.170 
                 0.0759 
                 0.246 
                 0.0301 
                 0.189 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.768 
                 0.939 
                 0.305 
                 0.364 
                 0.875 
                 1.13 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2.90 
                 3.07 
                 0.548 
                 0.383 
                 3.26 
                 3.57 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 18.0 
                 18.0 
                 2.14 
                 1.17 
                 18.0 
                 18.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 78 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.65 
                 0.63 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.058 
                 0.11 
                 0.067 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.0093 
                 0.21 
                 0.014 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 78 
                 30 
                 61 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 34 
                 10 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0582 
                 0.136 
                 0.0539 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 60% 
                 63% 
                 66% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0359 
                 0.0359 
                 0.0456 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 54% 
                 50% 
                 59% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.161 
                 0.210 
                 0.143 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 60% 
                 52% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.448 
                 0.415 
                 0.340 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 40% 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.36 
                 0.658 
                 0.833 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 2.2 
                 0.95 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 0.54 
                 0.95 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 0.17 
                 0.17 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.5 
                 30 
                 5.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.0 
                 3.9 
                 5.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.0066 
                 0.28 
                 0.026 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.6 
                 0.33 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 22 
                 46 
                 24 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.9 
                 6.0 
                 4.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.041 
                 0.15 
                 0.061 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 0.53 
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 14 
                 68 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00682 
                 0.0112 
                 0.00109 
                 0.0191 
                 0.00867 
                 0.00971 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0126 
                 0.0136 
                 0.00807 
                 0.0167 
                 0.0150 
                 0.0107 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0222 
                 0.0106 
                 0.0106 
                 0.0116 
                 0.0240 
                 0.00845 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00111 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.141 
                 0.0391 
                 0.0313 
                 0.0307 
                 0.141 
                 0.0261 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 52 
                 24 
                 18 
                 6 
                 43 
                 17 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 52 
                 24 
                 18 
                 6 
                 43 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.76 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.071 
                 0.13 
                 0.084 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.080 
                 0.039 
                 0.84 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 52 
                 18 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 24 
                 6 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00651 
                 0.00218 
                 0.00457 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 83% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 50% 
                 56% 
                 40% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00373 
                 0.00218 
                 0.00373 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                 56% 
                 35% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 50% 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0140 
                 0.0134 
                 0.0174 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 67% 
                 24% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0186 
                 0.0219 
                 0.0188 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 50% 
                 18% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.0236 
                 0.0236 
                 0.0291 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 21% 
                 33% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 &lt;0.43 
                 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.38 
                 &gt;0.20 
                 0.38 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 9.4 
                 na 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.8 
                 &gt;1.2 
                 2.7 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.044 
                 &lt;0.91 
                 0.24 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 22 
                 na 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 &gt;6.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.15 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.66 
                 &gt;0.42 
                 0.17 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 15 
                 na 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0875 
                 0.0752 
                 0.0912 
                 0.0618 
                 0.0975 
                 0.0645 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.400 
                 0.486 
                 0.171 
                 1.07 
                 1.74 
                 0.268 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.26 
                 1.24 
                 0.245 
                 1.88 
                 10.1 
                 0.799 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.013 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 9.97 
                 5.00 
                 1.02 
                 5.00 
                 79.1 
                 4.00 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 79 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 62 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 79 
                 34 
                 30 
                 10 
                 62 
                 25 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.37 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.11 
                 0.068 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.39 
                 0.93 
                 0.063 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 79 
                 30 
                 62 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 34 
                 10 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0271 
                 0.00558 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 18% 
                 13% 
                 13% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 80% 
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.165 
                 0.165 
                 0.219 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 40% 
                 16% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.292 
                 0.190 
                 0.369 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 15% 
                 40% 
                 12% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.772 
                 0.381 
                 0.772 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 30% 
                  8% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.74 
                 0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 na 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.23 
                 na 
                 0.40 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.4 
                 na 
                 7.1 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.61 
                 0.38 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.41 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 0.051 
                 0.22 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 2.8 
                 4.6 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 5.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 1.0 
                 0.023 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.56 
                 0.17 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.9 
                 6.0 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.618 
                 0.527 
                 0.566 
                 0.688 
                 0.599 
                 0.594 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.704 
                 0.601 
                 0.614 
                 0.701 
                 0.698 
                 0.695 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.487 
                 0.388 
                 0.391 
                 0.306 
                 0.510 
                 0.443 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.37 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 0.98 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.42 
                 1.48 
                 1.08 
                 2.57 
                 1.42 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 52 
                 23 
                 18 
                 7 
                 43 
                 16 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 52 
                 23 
                 18 
                 7 
                 43 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.43 
                 0.58 
                 0.51 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 0.13 
                 0.086 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.37 
                 0.57 
                 0.88 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 52 
                 18 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.280 
                 0.509 
                 0.468 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 15% 
                 50% 
                 30% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.177 
                 0.352 
                 0.177 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 15% 
                 28% 
                 16% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0129 
                 0.174 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 96% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 12% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.845 
                 0.712 
                 0.845 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 43% 
                 38% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.07 
                 0.973 
                 1.07 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 29% 
                 31% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.24 
                 1.16 
                 1.31 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 2.5 
                 0.91 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.51 
                 0.91 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 0.16 
                 0.18 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.2 
                 39 
                 4.6 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.72 
                 1.0 
                 0.59 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.32 
                 0.048 
                 0.11 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.3 
                 21 
                 3.5 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.8 
                 3.8 
                 1.2 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 0.32 
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.44 
                 0.27 
                 0.26 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.2 
                 51 
                 6.1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 4: Comparison of the maximum marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and the maximum values in urine samples collected from subjects between enrollment and 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.405 
                 2.44 
                 0.405 
                 1.60 
                 0.405 
                 1.54 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 7.61 
                 42.7 
                 7.61 
                 42.4 
                 7.61 
                 1.92 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 45.3 
                 95.8 
                 45.3 
                 95.9 
                 45.3 
                 1.61 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0040 
                   
                 0.0043 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 5.77 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.590 
                 2.44 
                 0.590 
                 1.54 
                 0.590 
                 1.57 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 8.06 
                 16.0 
                 8.06 
                 14.5 
                 8.06 
                 2.30 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 43.1 
                 39.4 
                 43.1 
                 39.6 
                 43.1 
                 2.45 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.55 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.74 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 133 
                 510 
                 133 
                 510 
                 6.88 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.429 
                 3.05 
                 0.429 
                 3.05 
                 0.429 
                 1.13 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 6.30 
                 59.0 
                 6.30 
                 58.7 
                 6.30 
                 1.99 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 31.3 
                 110 
                 31.3 
                 110 
                 31.3 
                 1.79 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 3.1E−5 
                   
                 3.5E−5 
                   
                 0.68 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 235 
                 368 
                 235 
                 368 
                 235 
                 5.77 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.79 
                 0.70 
                 0.82 
                 0.78 
                 0.66 
                 0.80 
                 0.75 
                 0.64 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.061 
                 0.090 
                 0.068 
                 0.062 
                 0.091 
                 0.070 
                 0.087 
                 0.12 
                 0.098 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.9E−6 
                 0.028 
                 3.0E−6 
                 8.1E−6 
                 0.078 
                 1.5E−5 
                 0.0044 
                 0.25 
                 0.022 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.17 
                 1.47 
                 1.27 
                 1.06 
                 1.17 
                 0.892 
                 0.849 
                 0.540 
                 0.680 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 76% 
                 72% 
                 76% 
                 75% 
                 65% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 47% 
                 66% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.897 
                 1.06 
                 0.892 
                 0.849 
                 1.06 
                 0.885 
                 0.680 
                 0.540 
                 0.588 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 73% 
                 64% 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 64% 
                 71% 
                 67% 
                 47% 
                 60% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.600 
                 0.196 
                 0.588 
                 0.540 
                 0.196 
                 0.531 
                 0.600 
                 0.196 
                 0.196 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 63% 
                 23% 
                 60% 
                 58% 
                 23% 
                 55% 
                 63% 
                 23% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.821 
                 1.43 
                 0.849 
                 0.821 
                 1.43 
                 0.849 
                 0.821 
                 1.43 
                 0.849 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 86% 
                 73% 
                 87% 
                 81% 
                 55% 
                 80% 
                 73% 
                 67% 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.44 
                 2.93 
                 1.44 
                 1.44 
                 2.93 
                 1.44 
                 1.44 
                 2.93 
                 1.44 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 62% 
                 45% 
                 60% 
                 57% 
                 36% 
                 60% 
                 55% 
                 33% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.98 
                 5.53 
                 3.98 
                 3.98 
                 5.53 
                 3.98 
                 3.98 
                 5.53 
                 3.98 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
                 40% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.98 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.98 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.99 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 na 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.99 
                 na 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 0.99 
                 &lt;0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.060 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.060 
                 0.060 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.060 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.061 
                 &gt;0.062 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 16 
                 na 
                 na 
                 16 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 16 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.7 
                 1.5 
                 &gt;5.8 
                 7.9 
                 2.6 
                 &gt;5.8 
                 &gt;4.3 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;4.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.085 
                 0.66 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 0.057 
                 0.27 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 &lt;0.20 
                 0.57 
                 &lt;0.19 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.77 
                 0.24 
                 &gt;0.64 
                 0.94 
                 0.48 
                 &gt;0.64 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.48 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 57 
                 9.2 
                 na 
                 67 
                 14 
                 na 
                 na 
                 23 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 17 
                 3.1 
                 &gt;11 
                 15 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;11 
                 &gt;6.8 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;4.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0080 
                 0.17 
                 &lt;0.024 
                 0.011 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.024 
                 &lt;0.081 
                 0.57 
                 &lt;0.19 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.1 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;1.4 
                 1.9 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;1.4 
                 &gt;0.79 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.48 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 130 
                 16 
                 na 
                 120 
                 11 
                 na 
                 na 
                 23 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 420 
                 798 
                 420 
                 798 
                 420 
                 713 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1680 
                 2700 
                 1680 
                 2700 
                 1680 
                 1320 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 3320 
                 4030 
                 3320 
                 4030 
                 3320 
                 1230 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.72 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 29.8 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.194 
                 1.00E−9 
                 29.8 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 3750 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 582 
                 985 
                 582 
                 985 
                 582 
                 755 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2030 
                 4020 
                 2030 
                 4020 
                 2030 
                 1030 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 3580 
                 5190 
                 3580 
                 5190 
                 3580 
                 951 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.076 
                   
                 0.076 
                   
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 31.6 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.194 
                 1.00E−9 
                 159 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 12000 
                 13100 
                 2890 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 295 
                 11 
                 295 
                 11 
                 295 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 295 
                 11 
                 295 
                 11 
                 295 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 571 
                 798 
                 571 
                 798 
                 571 
                 985 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1930 
                 1960 
                 1930 
                 1960 
                 1930 
                 1460 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 3600 
                 3020 
                 3600 
                 3020 
                 3600 
                 1330 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.70 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 29.8 
                 1.00E−9 
                 29.8 
                 1.00E−9 
                 29.8 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 3750 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 0.65 
                 0.57 
                 0.62 
                 0.65 
                 0.57 
                 0.62 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 0.092 
                 0.081 
                 0.068 
                 0.092 
                 0.081 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.076 
                 0.11 
                 0.41 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.41 
                 0.21 
                 0.56 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 190 
                 295 
                 136 
                 190 
                 295 
                 136 
                 190 
                 295 
                 136 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 539 
                 711 
                 500 
                 539 
                 711 
                 500 
                 539 
                 655 
                 500 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 57% 
                 47% 
                 56% 
                 57% 
                 47% 
                 56% 
                 55% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 157 
                 655 
                 151 
                 157 
                 655 
                 151 
                 518 
                 655 
                 93.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 55% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 55% 
                 20% 
                 55% 
                 55% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 62.6 
                 157 
                 57.3 
                 62.6 
                 157 
                 57.3 
                 93.9 
                 157 
                 16.6 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                 20% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                 20% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                 20% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 932 
                 1110 
                 1040 
                 932 
                 1110 
                 1040 
                 932 
                 1110 
                 1040 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 48% 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 48% 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 45% 
                 17% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1360 
                 1870 
                 1580 
                 1360 
                 1870 
                 1580 
                 1360 
                 1870 
                 1580 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 43% 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 43% 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 36% 
                 17% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 5000 
                 10200 
                 12000 
                 5000 
                 10200 
                 12000 
                 5000 
                 10200 
                 12000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 27% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 27% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.46 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.46 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.39 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.39 
                 na 
                 na 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.079 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.079 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 2.7 
                 na 
                 na 
                 2.7 
                 na 
                 na 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 2.1 
                 0.71 
                 1.4 
                 2.1 
                 0.71 
                 2.7 
                 4.2 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.56 
                 0.41 
                 0.67 
                 0.56 
                 0.41 
                 0.67 
                 0.26 
                 0.21 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.42 
                 0.37 
                 0.15 
                 0.42 
                 0.37 
                 0.15 
                 0.49 
                 0.45 
                 0.042 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.8 
                 12 
                 3.4 
                 4.8 
                 12 
                 3.4 
                 14 
                 38 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.9 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 1.9 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 2.0 
                 0.99 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.27 
                 0.53 
                 0.27 
                 0.27 
                 0.53 
                 0.42 
                 0.99 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 0.48 
                 0.40 
                 0.60 
                 0.48 
                 0.40 
                 0.36 
                 0.061 
                 0.35 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.2 
                 14 
                 6.0 
                 6.2 
                 14 
                 6.0 
                 12 
                 16 
                 12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 74.1 
                 459 
                 74.1 
                 405 
                 74.1 
                 304 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 264 
                 654 
                 264 
                 634 
                 264 
                 477 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 425 
                 639 
                 425 
                 652 
                 425 
                 427 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 2.2E−4 
                   
                 4.7E−4 
                   
                 0.11 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 5.00 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.43 
                 1.00E−9 
                 15.7 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 1190 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 126 
                 548 
                 126 
                 391 
                 126 
                 688 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 378 
                 622 
                 378 
                 564 
                 378 
                 652 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 582 
                 463 
                 582 
                 496 
                 582 
                 451 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.17 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 5.00 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.43 
                 1.00E−9 
                 19.9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 3580 
                 1450 
                 3580 
                 1450 
                 3580 
                 1190 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 95.8 
                 581 
                 95.8 
                 581 
                 95.8 
                 304 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 266 
                 714 
                 266 
                 708 
                 266 
                 378 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 387 
                 716 
                 387 
                 722 
                 387 
                 386 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 1.8E−4 
                   
                 2.3E−4 
                   
                 0.40 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 15.7 
                 1.00E−9 
                 5.67 
                 1.00E−9 
                 15.7 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 2780 
                 2530 
                 1150 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.74 
                 0.69 
                 0.74 
                 0.71 
                 0.65 
                 0.72 
                 0.68 
                 0.71 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.090 
                 0.076 
                 0.066 
                 0.091 
                 0.077 
                 0.091 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.5E−4 
                 0.035 
                 0.0013 
                 0.0013 
                 0.100 
                 0.0047 
                 0.047 
                 0.076 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 190 
                 296 
                 136 
                 190 
                 296 
                 136 
                 190 
                 296 
                 136 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 304 
                 388 
                 301 
                 301 
                 257 
                 301 
                 201 
                 257 
                 43.8 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 63% 
                 71% 
                 67% 
                 63% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 251 
                 322 
                 232 
                 109 
                 111 
                 232 
                 43.8 
                 257 
                 15.8 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 71% 
                 68% 
                 68% 
                 59% 
                 49% 
                 68% 
                 41% 
                 63% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 19.2 
                 19.2 
                 15.8 
                 14.7 
                 19.2 
                 13.7 
                 19.2 
                 19.2 
                 13.7 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                 18% 
                 25% 
                 20% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 232 
                 364 
                 301 
                 232 
                 364 
                 301 
                 232 
                 364 
                 301 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 81% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 76% 
                 55% 
                 73% 
                 64% 
                 67% 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 419 
                 613 
                 512 
                 419 
                 613 
                 512 
                 419 
                 613 
                 512 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 52% 
                 45% 
                 53% 
                 48% 
                 45% 
                 53% 
                 45% 
                 67% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 812 
                 1150 
                 765 
                 812 
                 1150 
                 765 
                 812 
                 1150 
                 765 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 18% 
                 33% 
                 29% 
                 18% 
                 33% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.47 
                 0 
                 0.49 
                 0 
                 0.49 
                 0 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.55 
                 na 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 0.57 
                 na 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.041 
                 na 
                 0.043 
                 na 
                 0.043 
                 na 
                 0.042 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 5.5 
                 na 
                 5.5 
                 na 
                 5.6 
                 na 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 0.66 
                 0.42 
                 0.53 
                 0.66 
                 0.72 
                 0.65 
                 1.0 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 0.24 
                 0.35 
                 0.41 
                 0.24 
                 0.28 
                 0.24 
                 0.061 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 8.8 
                 9.2 
                 12 
                 5.8 
                 9.2 
                 6.4 
                 9.6 
                 16 
                 9.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.8 
                 3.1 
                 4.7 
                 3.1 
                 2.6 
                 3.0 
                 2.6 
                 4.1 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.021 
                 0.17 
                 0.063 
                 0.065 
                 0.27 
                 0.13 
                 0.27 
                 0.21 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 0.61 
                 0.92 
                 0.93 
                 0.48 
                 0.73 
                 0.48 
                 0.45 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 18 
                 16 
                 24 
                 11 
                 14 
                 12 
                 14 
                 38 
                 9.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 128 
                 128 
                 128 
                 131 
                 128 
                 111 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 389 
                 542 
                 389 
                 539 
                 389 
                 178 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1600 
                 1110 
                 1600 
                 1130 
                 1600 
                 271 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.71 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 1.48 
                 16.9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 15500 
                 4480 
                 15500 
                 4480 
                 15500 
                 836 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 137 
                 624 
                 137 
                 624 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 768 
                 998 
                 768 
                 939 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 4340 
                 1460 
                 4340 
                 1460 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.88 
                   
                 0.91 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 128 
                 71.6 
                 128 
                 72.7 
                 128 
                 89.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 447 
                 140 
                 447 
                 145 
                 447 
                 82.4 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1770 
                 174 
                 1770 
                 182 
                 1770 
                 60.0 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2.78 
                 16.9 
                 2.78 
                 16.9 
                 2.78 
                 16.9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 15500 
                 600 
                 15500 
                 600 
                 15500 
                 146 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 0.71 
                 0.38 
                 0.52 
                 0.71 
                 0.39 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.078 
                 0.10 
                 0.099 
                 0.081 
                 0.11 
                 0.10 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.85 
                 0.045 
                 0.23 
                 0.78 
                 0.051 
                 0.29 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 nd 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 15 
                 8 
                 9 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 49.9 
                 128 
                 49.9 
                 66.3 
                 128 
                 49.3 
                 48.1 
                 nd 
                 17.7 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 78% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 21% 
                 48% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 48% 
                 20% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 48.1 
                 124 
                 49.3 
                 48.1 
                 124 
                 17.7 
                 17.7 
                 nd 
                 17.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 89% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 46% 
                 20% 
                 21% 
                 46% 
                  8% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 15.4 
                 2.78 
                 41.4 
                 15.4 
                 2.78 
                 15.4 
                 15.4 
                 nd 
                 15.4 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  8% 
                  1% 
                 16% 
                  8% 
                  1% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 210 
                 194 
                 189 
                 210 
                 194 
                 189 
                 210 
                 nd 
                 189 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 62% 
                 20% 
                 40% 
                 62% 
                 22% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 296 
                 291 
                 291 
                 296 
                 291 
                 291 
                 296 
                 nd 
                 291 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 62% 
                 10% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 426 
                 437 
                 426 
                 426 
                 437 
                 426 
                 426 
                 nd 
                 426 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 31% 
                 62% 
                 10% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.53 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.69 
                 2.0 
                 0.48 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 0.58 
                 0.97 
                 0.65 
                 0.58 
                 0.56 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.51 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.12 
                 0.17 
                 0.14 
                 0.14 
                 0.17 
                 0.040 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.5 
                 23 
                 8.1 
                 3.4 
                 23 
                 5.7 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.53 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 0.72 
                 0 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 na 
                 0.97 
                 0.69 
                 na 
                 0.64 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.95 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.12 
                 na 
                 0.14 
                 0.15 
                 na 
                 0.24 
                 0.059 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.064 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.5 
                 na 
                 8.1 
                 3.6 
                 na 
                 10 
                 17 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.96 
                 5.4 
                 2.3 
                 1.2 
                 5.4 
                 1.6 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.95 
                 0.13 
                 0.36 
                 0.76 
                 0.13 
                 0.64 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.28 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 0.60 
                 0.38 
                 0.30 
                 0.60 
                 0.24 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.35 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.7 
                 48 
                 14 
                 5.2 
                 48 
                 10 
                 35 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 11.4 
                 53.9 
                 11.4 
                 30.4 
                 11.4 
                 30.4 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 22.7 
                 54.6 
                 22.7 
                 45.0 
                 22.7 
                 46.3 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 30.5 
                 54.5 
                 30.5 
                 49.4 
                 30.5 
                 69.0 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 5.2E−5 
                   
                 0.0035 
                   
                 0.024 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 18.8 
                 53.9 
                 18.8 
                 30.4 
                 18.8 
                 42.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 27.6 
                 63.6 
                 27.6 
                 51.3 
                 27.6 
                 67.1 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 29.5 
                 70.4 
                 29.5 
                 66.4 
                 29.5 
                 88.8 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 2.5E−4 
                   
                 0.014 
                   
                 0.0024 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.15 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.15 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.15 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 18.2 
                 56.0 
                 18.2 
                 49.5 
                 18.2 
                 43.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 25.8 
                 65.1 
                 25.8 
                 53.3 
                 25.8 
                 54.5 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 30.7 
                 60.3 
                 30.7 
                 55.7 
                 30.7 
                 74.3 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 5.3E−5 
                   
                 0.0034 
                   
                 0.018 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.09 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
                 259 
                 243 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.74 
                 0.69 
                 0.76 
                 0.70 
                 0.63 
                 0.72 
                 0.61 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.090 
                 0.074 
                 0.066 
                 0.092 
                 0.077 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 p 
                 2.0E−4 
                 0.037 
                 3.6E−4 
                 0.0019 
                 0.15 
                 0.0039 
                 0.21 
                 0.26 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 28.2 
                 29.4 
                 29.3 
                 28.2 
                 29.4 
                 29.3 
                 4.96 
                 17.7 
                 4.96 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 76% 
                 73% 
                 87% 
                 76% 
                 73% 
                 87% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 66% 
                 56% 
                 58% 
                 66% 
                 56% 
                 58% 
                 33% 
                 48% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 17.7 
                 17.7 
                 29.3 
                 17.7 
                 17.7 
                 29.3 
                 4.11 
                 17.7 
                 4.11 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 87% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 87% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 59% 
                 48% 
                 58% 
                 59% 
                 48% 
                 58% 
                 30% 
                 48% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 4.96 
                 9.34 
                 4.96 
                 4.96 
                 9.34 
                 4.96 
                 1.15 
                 1.15 
                 0.962 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 33% 
                 39% 
                 27% 
                 33% 
                 39% 
                 27% 
                 20% 
                 15% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 30.4 
                 40.3 
                 33.2 
                 30.4 
                 40.3 
                 33.2 
                 30.4 
                 40.3 
                 33.2 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 57% 
                 55% 
                 67% 
                 48% 
                 36% 
                 60% 
                 45% 
                 50% 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 38.5 
                 56.0 
                 43.6 
                 38.5 
                 56.0 
                 43.6 
                 38.5 
                 56.0 
                 43.6 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 57% 
                 27% 
                 67% 
                 48% 
                 18% 
                 53% 
                 45% 
                 17% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 86% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 56.0 
                 58.6 
                 56.0 
                 56.0 
                 58.6 
                 56.0 
                 56.0 
                 58.6 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.98 
                 2.0 
                 0.97 
                 0.98 
                 2.0 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.98 
                 0.57 
                 0.98 
                 0.98 
                 0.57 
                 0.98 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 0.18 
                 0.059 
                 0.13 
                 0.18 
                 0.059 
                 0.14 
                 0.061 
                 0.042 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.2 
                 23 
                 16 
                 7.2 
                 23 
                 16 
                 7.4 
                 16 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 3.2 
                 3.9 
                 4.1 
                 4.4 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.57 
                 0.33 
                 0.10 
                 0.21 
                 0.20 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 0.18 
                 0.31 
                 0.77 
                 0.45 
                 0.46 
                 0.14 
                 0.061 
                 0.042 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 14 
                 23 
                 32 
                 20 
                 38 
                 41 
                 7.4 
                 16 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.3 
                 6.3 
                 13 
                 5.8 
                 4.1 
                 11 
                 2.7 
                 3.0 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.012 
                 0.091 
                 0.018 
                 0.028 
                 0.21 
                 0.026 
                 0.26 
                 0.34 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 0.74 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 0.45 
                 1.3 
                 0.49 
                 0.31 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 35 
                 54 
                 110 
                 28 
                 38 
                 93 
                 14 
                 30 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.124 
                 0.00336 
                 0.133 
                 0.00336 
                 0.112 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0991 
                 0.210 
                 0.0991 
                 0.224 
                 0.0991 
                 0.0845 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.137 
                 0.312 
                 0.137 
                 0.318 
                 0.137 
                 0.0694 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.016 
                   
                 0.0087 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.593 
                 1.12 
                 0.593 
                 1.12 
                 0.593 
                 0.167 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.168 
                 0.00336 
                 0.168 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.126 
                 0.272 
                 0.126 
                 0.272 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.184 
                 0.360 
                 0.184 
                 0.360 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.039 
                   
                 0.039 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.112 
                 0.00336 
                 0.114 
                 0.00336 
                 0.112 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.104 
                 0.152 
                 0.104 
                 0.168 
                 0.104 
                 0.0885 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.138 
                 0.235 
                 0.138 
                 0.243 
                 0.138 
                 0.0689 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.34 
                   
                 0.22 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.593 
                 0.787 
                 0.593 
                 0.787 
                 0.593 
                 0.167 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.67 
                 0.53 
                 0.62 
                 0.67 
                 0.56 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.080 
                 0.11 
                 0.098 
                 0.082 
                 0.11 
                 0.10 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.22 
                 0.12 
                 0.73 
                 0.15 
                 0.12 
                 0.55 
                 0.93 
                 nd 
                 0.99 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 nd 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 15 
                 8 
                 9 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0.132 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.132 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 75% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 75% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 64% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 64% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.160 
                 0.167 
                 0.164 
                 0.160 
                 0.167 
                 0.164 
                 0.160 
                 nd 
                 0.164 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 30% 
                 40% 
                 50% 
                 33% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.180 
                 0.206 
                 0.207 
                 0.180 
                 0.206 
                 0.207 
                 0.180 
                 nd 
                 0.207 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 10% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.269 
                 0.368 
                 0.282 
                 0.269 
                 0.368 
                 0.282 
                 0.269 
                 nd 
                 0.282 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.45 
                 0 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 0.62 
                 0 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 0.61 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.075 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.096 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.039 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.6 
                 na 
                 na 
                 4.0 
                 na 
                 na 
                 5.4 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;6.3 
                 1.8 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 0.45 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.18 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.17 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.30 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.68 
                 0.39 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.50 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.2 
                 7.4 
                 na 
                 8.4 
                 7.4 
                 na 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 1.7 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.48 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.30 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.37 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.2 
                 12 
                 na 
                 8.0 
                 12 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.125 
                 0.707 
                 0.125 
                 0.643 
                 0.125 
                 0.432 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 73.1 
                 47.9 
                 73.1 
                 12.8 
                 73.1 
                 0.452 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 989 
                 169 
                 989 
                 47.6 
                 989 
                 0.457 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.81 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 1.61 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 21 
                 189 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.172 
                 0.643 
                 0.172 
                 0.643 
                 0.172 
                 0.505 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 47.9 
                 69.7 
                 47.9 
                 3.03 
                 47.9 
                 0.438 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 790 
                 227 
                 790 
                 6.21 
                 790 
                 0.255 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.93 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0743 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 21.2 
                 13600 
                 0.707 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 11 
                 296 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.151 
                 0.753 
                 0.151 
                 0.578 
                 0.151 
                 0.233 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 102 
                 66.5 
                 102 
                 17.4 
                 102 
                 0.402 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1170 
                 198 
                 1170 
                 56.2 
                 1170 
                 0.495 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.91 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.80 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 1.61 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 15 
                 135 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.74 
                 0.70 
                 0.74 
                 0.72 
                 0.67 
                 0.71 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.064 
                 0.090 
                 0.076 
                 0.065 
                 0.091 
                 0.078 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.9E−4 
                 0.026 
                 0.0017 
                 8.0E−4 
                 0.060 
                 0.0079 
                 0.26 
                 0.37 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
                 189 
                 296 
                 135 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.430 
                 0.430 
                 0.410 
                 0.311 
                 0.430 
                 0.214 
                 0.155 
                 0.193 
                 0.151 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 74% 
                 65% 
                 67% 
                 68% 
                 65% 
                 61% 
                 54% 
                 53% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.222 
                 0.361 
                 0.214 
                 0.193 
                 0.311 
                 0.193 
                 0.151 
                 0.193 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 64% 
                 63% 
                 61% 
                 60% 
                 60% 
                 58% 
                 53% 
                 53% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0714 
                 0.311 
                 0.0714 
                 0.0714 
                 0.0717 
                 0.0714 
                 0 
                 0.0717 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 40% 
                 60% 
                 38% 
                 40% 
                 34% 
                 38% 
                  0% 
                 34% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.336 
                 0.589 
                 0.455 
                 0.336 
                 0.589 
                 0.455 
                 0.336 
                 0.589 
                 0.455 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 71% 
                 55% 
                 67% 
                 62% 
                 55% 
                 53% 
                 55% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.737 
                 1.21 
                 0.805 
                 0.737 
                 1.21 
                 0.805 
                 0.737 
                 1.21 
                 0.805 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 48% 
                 27% 
                 47% 
                 43% 
                 27% 
                 40% 
                  9% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.96 
                 4.08 
                 2.14 
                 1.96 
                 4.08 
                 2.14 
                 1.96 
                 4.08 
                 2.14 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 18% 
                 33% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                 27% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.98 
                 0 
                 2.0 
                 0.98 
                 0.99 
                 2.0 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.98 
                 na 
                 0.58 
                 0.98 
                 0.99 
                 0.58 
                 na 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 na 
                 0.17 
                 0.13 
                 0.061 
                 0.17 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.061 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.2 
                 na 
                 23 
                 7.2 
                 16 
                 23 
                 na 
                 na 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.7 
                 6.3 
                 4.4 
                 2.7 
                 5.2 
                 5.6 
                 2.7 
                 &gt;5.4 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.091 
                 0.20 
                 0.26 
                 0.14 
                 0.12 
                 0.26 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 0.74 
                 0.46 
                 0.49 
                 0.59 
                 0.62 
                 0.49 
                 &gt;0.61 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 14 
                 54 
                 41 
                 14 
                 46 
                 51 
                 14 
                 na 
                 9.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.3 
                 4.1 
                 9.6 
                 7.3 
                 4.1 
                 8.1 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.012 
                 0.21 
                 0.038 
                 0.012 
                 0.21 
                 0.056 
                 0.41 
                 &lt;na 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 0.45 
                 1.1 
                 1.5 
                 0.45 
                 0.95 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 35 
                 38 
                 81 
                 35 
                 38 
                 70 
                 12 
                 na 
                 7.5 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00885 
                 0.0169 
                 0.00885 
                 0.0169 
                 0.00885 
                 0.0169 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0125 
                 0.143 
                 0.0125 
                 0.143 
                 0.0125 
                 0.0171 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.0128 
                 0.434 
                 0.0128 
                 0.434 
                 0.0128 
                 0.0138 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0028 
                   
                 0.0028 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00542 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00542 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.0590 
                 1.52 
                 0.0590 
                 1.52 
                 0.0590 
                 0.0334 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0120 
                 0.0109 
                 0.0120 
                 0.0109 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0249 
                 0.0160 
                 0.0249 
                 0.0160 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.121 
                 0.0117 
                 0.121 
                 0.0117 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.86 
                   
                 0.86 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00542 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00542 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.52 
                 0.0334 
                 1.52 
                 0.0334 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 159 
                 6 
                 159 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 6 
                 159 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.00890 
                 0.0269 
                 0.00890 
                 0.0269 
                 0.00890 
                 0.0215 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0125 
                 0.210 
                 0.0125 
                 0.210 
                 0.0125 
                 0.0178 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.0127 
                 0.530 
                 0.0127 
                 0.530 
                 0.0127 
                 0.0149 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 4.5E−4 
                   
                 4.5E−4 
                   
                 0.33 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00543 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00543 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 0.0590 
                 1.52 
                 0.0590 
                 1.52 
                 0.0590 
                 0.0334 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 0.54 
                 0.79 
                 0.69 
                 0.54 
                 0.79 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.089 
                 0.12 
                 0.098 
                 0.089 
                 0.12 
                 0.098 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.037 
                 0.74 
                 0.0028 
                 0.037 
                 0.74 
                 0.0028 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 98 
                 159 
                 86 
                 98 
                 159 
                 86 
                 98 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00885 
                 0.00726 
                 0.0169 
                 0.00885 
                 0.00726 
                 0.0169 
                 0.0125 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 51% 
                 33% 
                 73% 
                 51% 
                 33% 
                 73% 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.00726 
                 0.00726 
                 0.0158 
                 0.00726 
                 0.00726 
                 0.0158 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 44% 
                 33% 
                 73% 
                 44% 
                 33% 
                 73% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00542 
                 0.00455 
                 0.00542 
                 0.00542 
                 0.00455 
                 0.00542 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 35% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 35% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0170 
                 0.0195 
                 0.0149 
                 0.0170 
                 0.0195 
                 0.0149 
                 0.0170 
                 nd 
                 0.0149 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 33% 
                 88% 
                 50% 
                 33% 
                 88% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0210 
                 0.0237 
                 0.0202 
                 0.0210 
                 0.0237 
                 0.0202 
                 0.0210 
                 nd 
                 0.0202 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 42% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 42% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.0307 
                 0.0347 
                 0.0325 
                 0.0307 
                 0.0347 
                 0.0325 
                 0.0307 
                 nd 
                 0.0325 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                  0% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                  0% 
                 25% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;4.5 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;4.5 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 0.56 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 0.56 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 24 
                 na 
                 na 
                 24 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.53 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.060 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.060 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 17 
                 na 
                 na 
                 17 
                 na 
                 7.7 
                 nd 
                 5.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;5.9 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;6.1 
                 &gt;5.9 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;6.1 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.64 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.65 
                 &gt;0.64 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.65 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 23 
                 na 
                 na 
                 23 
                 na 
                 9.8 
                 nd 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.118 
                 0.132 
                 0.118 
                 0.107 
                 0.118 
                 0.169 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.595 
                 0.382 
                 0.595 
                 0.318 
                 0.595 
                 0.548 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.85 
                 0.882 
                 1.85 
                 0.868 
                 1.85 
                 1.17 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.93 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 21 
                 190 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.121 
                 0.169 
                 0.121 
                 0.110 
                 0.121 
                 0.226 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.624 
                 0.552 
                 0.624 
                 0.512 
                 0.624 
                 0.854 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.80 
                 1.17 
                 1.80 
                 1.19 
                 1.80 
                 1.58 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.84 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00126 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 297 
                 11 
                 297 
                 11 
                 297 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 297 
                 11 
                 297 
                 11 
                 297 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.167 
                 0.132 
                 0.167 
                 0.110 
                 0.167 
                 0.165 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.890 
                 0.480 
                 0.890 
                 0.409 
                 0.890 
                 0.620 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2.51 
                 1.04 
                 2.51 
                 1.02 
                 2.51 
                 1.30 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.53 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.75 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
                 20.2 
                 4.06 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 15 
                 136 
                 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.59 
                 0.46 
                 0.44 
                 0.48 
                 0.41 
                 0.60 
                 0.61 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.067 
                 0.092 
                 0.080 
                 0.068 
                 0.090 
                 0.081 
                 0.093 
                 0.12 
                 0.100 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.75 
                 0.32 
                 0.59 
                 0.38 
                 0.86 
                 0.27 
                 0.27 
                 0.36 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 190 
                 297 
                 136 
                 190 
                 297 
                 136 
                 190 
                 297 
                 136 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 21 
                 11 
                 15 
                 11 
                 6 
                 9 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.103 
                 0.115 
                 0.103 
                 0.0166 
                 0.0821 
                 0.0835 
                 0.128 
                 0.108 
                 0.0911 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 78% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 48% 
                 48% 
                 38% 
                 18% 
                 40% 
                 30% 
                 54% 
                 47% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0821 
                 0.103 
                 0.0911 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.0166 
                 0.0911 
                 0.108 
                 0.0835 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 46% 
                 32% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 11% 
                 45% 
                 47% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0.0821 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.0840 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 40% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 43% 
                 13% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.232 
                 0.254 
                 0.377 
                 0.232 
                 0.254 
                 0.377 
                 0.232 
                 0.254 
                 0.377 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 24% 
                 45% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 36% 
                 13% 
                 36% 
                 50% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.482 
                 0.597 
                 0.789 
                 0.482 
                 0.597 
                 0.789 
                 0.482 
                 0.597 
                 0.789 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 13% 
                 10% 
                  9% 
                  7% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.31 
                 1.38 
                 1.54 
                 1.31 
                 1.38 
                 1.54 
                 1.31 
                 1.38 
                 1.54 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                  7% 
                  5% 
                  9% 
                  7% 
                  9% 
                 17% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 3.1 
                 1.4 
                 3.9 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 0.99 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.53 
                 0.33 
                 0.69 
                 0.10 
                 0.65 
                 0.40 
                 0.57 
                 0.99 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 0.31 
                 0.29 
                 0.77 
                 0.25 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.061 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.8 
                 30 
                 6.6 
                 20 
                 9.4 
                 12 
                 23 
                 16 
                 32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 5.3 
                 1.8 
                 2.7 
                 1.5 
                 2.7 
                 6.7 
                 2.0 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.13 
                 0.46 
                 0.26 
                 0.65 
                 0.25 
                 0.084 
                 0.57 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 0.60 
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 0.25 
                 0.49 
                 0.77 
                 0.18 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.6 
                 46 
                 8.0 
                 14 
                 9.4 
                 15 
                 58 
                 23 
                 32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.72 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 4.0 
                 1.5 
                 2.2 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.68 
                 0.57 
                 0.97 
                 0.096 
                 0.65 
                 0.39 
                 0.58 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.15 
                 0.18 
                 0.19 
                 0.78 
                 0.25 
                 0.37 
                 0.18 
                 0.18 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.4 
                 23 
                 5.5 
                 20 
                 9.4 
                 13 
                 23 
                 23 
                 23 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 11200 
                 19400 
                 11200 
                 19400 
                 11200 
                 18600 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 13700 
                 56000 
                 13700 
                 54400 
                 13700 
                 19700 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 10000 
                 90600 
                 10000 
                 90000 
                 10000 
                 11800 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 1.4E−5 
                   
                 2.5E−5 
                   
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1140 
                 3520 
                 1140 
                 3520 
                 1140 
                 6010 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 44000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 12 
                 98 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 14700 
                 17500 
                 14700 
                 17200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 18700 
                 37500 
                 18700 
                 36600 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 27100 
                 44900 
                 27100 
                 45500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1140 
                 3520 
                 1140 
                 3520 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 323000 
                 124000 
                 323000 
                 124000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 159 
                 6 
                 159 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 6 
                 159 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 11200 
                 20300 
                 11200 
                 20300 
                 11200 
                 19400 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 14000 
                 73900 
                 14000 
                 72100 
                 14000 
                 20600 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 9790 
                 108000 
                 9790 
                 107000 
                 9790 
                 12700 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 1.2E−6 
                   
                 2.0E−6 
                   
                 0.12 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1140 
                 6010 
                 1140 
                 6010 
                 1140 
                 6010 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 323000 
                 59000 
                 44000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.70 
                 0.62 
                 0.75 
                 0.69 
                 0.58 
                 0.75 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.088 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
                 0.089 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.021 
                 0.35 
                 0.014 
                 0.033 
                 0.50 
                 0.014 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 98 
                 159 
                 86 
                 98 
                 159 
                 86 
                 98 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 14200 
                 14200 
                 18500 
                 13400 
                 8760 
                 18500 
                 14200 
                 nd 
                 13400 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 59% 
                 48% 
                 69% 
                 58% 
                 31% 
                 69% 
                 59% 
                 nd 
                 58% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 13400 
                 14200 
                 13400 
                 8760 
                 8760 
                 13400 
                 13400 
                 nd 
                 13400 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 58% 
                 48% 
                 58% 
                 45% 
                 31% 
                 58% 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                 58% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 5680 
                 3470 
                 5680 
                 5680 
                 3470 
                 5680 
                 5680 
                 nd 
                 5680 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                  7% 
                 21% 
                 23% 
                  7% 
                 21% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 17400 
                 20400 
                 19000 
                 17400 
                 20400 
                 19000 
                 17400 
                 nd 
                 19000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 58% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 58% 
                 33% 
                 62% 
                 57% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 20700 
                 25000 
                 21100 
                 20700 
                 25000 
                 21100 
                 20700 
                 nd 
                 21100 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 26500 
                 30900 
                 26500 
                 26500 
                 30900 
                 26500 
                 26500 
                 nd 
                 26500 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 0.46 
                 2.1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 0.54 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 0.060 
                 na 
                 0.039 
                 0.18 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 17 
                 na 
                 5.4 
                 24 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 2.1 
                 3.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 3.3 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.56 
                 0.32 
                 0.64 
                 1.0 
                 0.32 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 0.18 
                 0.32 
                 0.24 
                 0.060 
                 0.32 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 13 
                 24 
                 34 
                 10 
                 17 
                 34 
                 34 
                 nd 
                 25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.4 
                 2.0 
                 4.4 
                 3.4 
                 2.0 
                 4.4 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 0.58 
                 0.20 
                 0.16 
                 0.58 
                 0.20 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.17 
                 0.45 
                 0.62 
                 0.17 
                 0.45 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 19 
                 23 
                 43 
                 19 
                 23 
                 43 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 34 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 8.60 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7.33 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7.33 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.08 
                 11.9 
                 4.08 
                 9.76 
                 4.08 
                 8.21 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 10.3 
                 8.02 
                 10.3 
                 9.09 
                 10.3 
                 5.39 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.070 
                   
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 69.2 
                 29.1 
                 69.2 
                 29.1 
                 69.2 
                 18.3 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 12 
                 97 
                 12 
                 97 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 12 
                 97 
                 12 
                 97 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.747 
                 9.53 
                 0.747 
                 7.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 5.08 
                 12.9 
                 5.08 
                 10.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 11.4 
                 8.49 
                 11.4 
                 9.87 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.096 
                   
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7.33 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 84.4 
                 29.1 
                 84.4 
                 29.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 158 
                 6 
                 158 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 158 
                 6 
                 158 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 8.60 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7.33 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7.33 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.59 
                 10.5 
                 4.59 
                 9.17 
                 4.59 
                 8.35 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 10.9 
                 7.04 
                 10.9 
                 7.81 
                 10.9 
                 5.89 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 69.2 
                 22.5 
                 69.2 
                 22.5 
                 69.2 
                 18.3 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 85 
                 8 
                 85 
                 8 
                 85 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 85 
                 8 
                 85 
                 8 
                 85 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.85 
                 0.87 
                 0.81 
                 0.77 
                 0.76 
                 0.77 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 0.77 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.072 
                 0.093 
                 0.095 
                 0.083 
                 0.12 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 p 
                 1.1E−6 
                 6.0E−5 
                 0.0011 
                 0.0012 
                 0.024 
                 0.0073 
                 0.0043 
                 nd 
                 0.017 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 158 
                 85 
                 97 
                 158 
                 85 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 85 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 6.46 
                 6.46 
                 5.00 
                 6.46 
                 6.46 
                 5.00 
                 6.46 
                 nd 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 88% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 87% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 87% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 87% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 6.46 
                 6.46 
                 5.00 
                 1.00E−9 
                 6.46 
                 1.00E−9 
                 6.46 
                 nd 
                 5.00 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 87% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 54% 
                 82% 
                 52% 
                 87% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6.46 
                 6.46 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 87% 
                 82% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 3.57 
                 4.82 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 4.82 
                 3.57 
                 3.57 
                 nd 
                 3.57 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 88% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 77% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 77% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 77% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 4.82 
                 5.00 
                 4.82 
                 4.82 
                 5.00 
                 4.82 
                 4.82 
                 nd 
                 4.82 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 88% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 14.5 
                 14.9 
                 14.9 
                 14.5 
                 14.9 
                 14.9 
                 14.5 
                 nd 
                 14.9 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;na 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;17 
                 &gt;7.0 
                 &gt;9.5 
                 &gt;13 
                 5.6 
                 &gt;7.7 
                 7.5 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.0086 
                 &lt;0.077 
                 &lt;0.044 
                 &lt;0.020 
                 0.13 
                 &lt;0.070 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;0.81 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 &gt;1.5 
                 0.62 
                 &gt;0.85 
                 0.83 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 50 
                 na 
                 67 
                 nd 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0328 
                 0.146 
                 0.0328 
                 0.102 
                 0.0328 
                 0.0710 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0907 
                 1.17 
                 0.0907 
                 1.23 
                 0.0907 
                 0.190 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.186 
                 3.47 
                 0.186 
                 3.58 
                 0.186 
                 0.312 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0017 
                   
                 0.0014 
                   
                 0.17 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00208 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00208 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.0134 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 0.933 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0384 
                 0.230 
                 0.0384 
                 0.208 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.173 
                 0.495 
                 0.173 
                 0.488 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.08 
                 0.759 
                 1.08 
                 0.762 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00208 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00208 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 14.0 
                 2.22 
                 14.0 
                 2.22 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.0314 
                 0.148 
                 0.0314 
                 0.102 
                 0.0314 
                 0.0710 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.0956 
                 1.73 
                 0.0956 
                 1.89 
                 0.0956 
                 0.0927 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.197 
                 4.36 
                 0.197 
                 4.60 
                 0.197 
                 0.0979 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 4.8E−4 
                   
                 2.8E−4 
                   
                 0.97 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.0134 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.0134 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.0134 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 14.0 
                 1.18 
                 0.280 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.71 
                 0.71 
                 0.74 
                 0.70 
                 0.70 
                 0.74 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.076 
                 0.10 
                 0.093 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.098 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0062 
                 0.042 
                 0.0084 
                 0.013 
                 0.065 
                 0.013 
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 nd 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 15 
                 8 
                 9 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0331 
                 0.0331 
                 0.0596 
                 0.0321 
                 0.0321 
                 0.0596 
                 0.0321 
                 nd 
                 0.0186 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 78% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 51% 
                 47% 
                 69% 
                 50% 
                 45% 
                 69% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0321 
                 0.0321 
                 0.0321 
                 0.0229 
                 0.0229 
                 0.0186 
                 0.0186 
                 nd 
                 0.0186 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 89% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 50% 
                 45% 
                 52% 
                 42% 
                 37% 
                 38% 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0128 
                 0.00200 
                 0.0186 
                 0.0128 
                 0.00200 
                 0.0128 
                 0.0128 
                 nd 
                 0.0128 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 30% 
                  7% 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                  7% 
                 32% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0721 
                 0.0767 
                 0.0702 
                 0.0721 
                 0.0767 
                 0.0702 
                 0.0721 
                 nd 
                 0.0702 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 62% 
                 60% 
                 60% 
                 62% 
                 67% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.107 
                 0.113 
                 0.113 
                 0.107 
                 0.113 
                 0.113 
                 0.107 
                 nd 
                 0.113 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 62% 
                 50% 
                 47% 
                 62% 
                 44% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.204 
                 0.218 
                 0.219 
                 0.204 
                 0.218 
                 0.219 
                 0.204 
                 nd 
                 0.219 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 40% 
                 33% 
                 50% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.6 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 4.3 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 0.20 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.45 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 51 
                 23 
                 na 
                 41 
                 23 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 2.1 
                 0 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.58 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.18 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 23 
                 na 
                 na 
                 24 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 10 
                 5.4 
                 &gt;6.0 
                 10 
                 5.4 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.035 
                 0.13 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 0.035 
                 0.13 
                 &lt;0.18 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.65 
                 1.2 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.50 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 88 
                 48 
                 na 
                 88 
                 48 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.724 
                 1.05 
                 0.724 
                 1.00 
                 0.724 
                 0.928 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.736 
                 1.00 
                 0.736 
                 0.940 
                 0.736 
                 0.849 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.390 
                 0.383 
                 0.390 
                 0.327 
                 0.390 
                 0.478 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.057 
                   
                 0.44 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 0.0129 
                 0.110 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.87 
                 1.76 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 16 
                 103 
                 15 
                 103 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.772 
                 1.14 
                 0.772 
                 1.07 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.797 
                 1.21 
                 0.797 
                 1.09 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.449 
                 0.341 
                 0.449 
                 0.257 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.011 
                   
                 0.067 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.661 
                 0.0129 
                 0.661 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.76 
                 2.57 
                 1.58 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 170 
                 8 
                 170 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.724 
                 0.884 
                 0.724 
                 0.857 
                 0.724 
                 0.808 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.734 
                 0.905 
                 0.734 
                 0.891 
                 0.734 
                 0.794 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.397 
                 0.378 
                 0.397 
                 0.396 
                 0.397 
                 0.553 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.20 
                   
                 0.26 
                   
                 0.73 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 0.0129 
                 0.110 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
                 1.87 
                 1.58 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 87 
                 10 
                 87 
                 9 
                 87 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 0.79 
                 0.62 
                 0.66 
                 0.74 
                 0.61 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.078 
                 0.097 
                 0.099 
                 0.081 
                 0.10 
                 0.10 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.016 
                 0.0030 
                 0.22 
                 0.054 
                 0.020 
                 0.31 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 170 
                 87 
                 103 
                 nd 
                 87 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 15 
                 8 
                 9 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.726 
                 1.06 
                 0.726 
                 0.726 
                 1.02 
                 0.683 
                 0.726 
                 nd 
                 0.233 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 75% 
                 78% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 53% 
                 75% 
                 54% 
                 53% 
                 72% 
                 40% 
                 53% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.683 
                 1.02 
                 0.683 
                 0.683 
                 0.996 
                 0.487 
                 0.233 
                 nd 
                 0.233 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 89% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                 72% 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 70% 
                 23% 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.492 
                 0.657 
                 0.487 
                 0.492 
                 0.657 
                 0.233 
                 0.0129 
                 nd 
                 0.0129 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 36% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 36% 
                 14% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.947 
                 0.996 
                 0.914 
                 0.947 
                 0.996 
                 0.914 
                 0.947 
                 nd 
                 0.914 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 88% 
                 40% 
                 60% 
                 88% 
                 44% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.07 
                 1.11 
                 1.07 
                 1.07 
                 1.11 
                 1.07 
                 1.07 
                 nd 
                 1.07 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 44% 
                 50% 
                 40% 
                 27% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.18 
                 1.29 
                 1.18 
                 1.18 
                 1.29 
                 1.18 
                 1.18 
                 nd 
                 1.18 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 38% 
                 25% 
                 30% 
                 27% 
                 12% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.96 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.48 
                 0.96 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.48 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.97 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.56 
                 0.97 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.56 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.061 
                 0.040 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;0.061 
                 0.040 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.3 
                 na 
                 5.7 
                 7.3 
                 na 
                 5.7 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 1.6 
                 2.8 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 0.64 
                 0.24 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 0.64 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.35 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.24 
                 0.50 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.24 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 12 
                 na 
                 10 
                 16 
                 na 
                 10 
                 9.8 
                 nd 
                 7.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.9 
                 &gt;5.5 
                 2.1 
                 3.4 
                 &gt;4.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 0.95 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.059 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.42 
                 0.16 
                 &lt;0.20 
                 0.64 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.94 
                 &gt;0.62 
                 0.35 
                 0.62 
                 &gt;0.46 
                 0.24 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 26 
                 na 
                 13 
                 18 
                 na 
                 10 
                 9.8 
                 nd 
                 7.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 5: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and in EDTA samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage R, I or F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 583 
                 569 
                 583 
                 598 
                 583 
                 563 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 576 
                 603 
                 576 
                 605 
                 576 
                 581 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 168 
                 225 
                 168 
                 159 
                 168 
                 101 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.31 
                   
                 0.89 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 245 
                 22.9 
                 307 
                 22.9 
                 437 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 987 
                 1640 
                 987 
                 1360 
                 987 
                 777 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 105 
                 45 
                 105 
                 49 
                 105 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 45 
                 97 
                 49 
                 97 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 566 
                 606 
                 566 
                 591 
                 566 
                 607 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 575 
                 567 
                 575 
                 600 
                 575 
                 612 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 179 
                 86.3 
                 179 
                 147 
                 179 
                 105 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.88 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.49 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 394 
                 22.9 
                 390 
                 22.9 
                 463 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 675 
                 1640 
                 999 
                 1640 
                 763 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 13 
                 246 
                 16 
                 246 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 13 
                 160 
                 16 
                 160 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 574 
                 576 
                 574 
                 612 
                 574 
                 563 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 583 
                 622 
                 583 
                 623 
                 583 
                 572 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 152 
                 237 
                 152 
                 160 
                 152 
                 94.3 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 270 
                 245 
                 270 
                 307 
                 270 
                 437 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 987 
                 1640 
                 987 
                 1360 
                 987 
                 777 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 100 
                 39 
                 100 
                 43 
                 100 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 39 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.49 
                 0.51 
                 0.52 
                 0.53 
                 0.55 
                 0.56 
                 0.48 
                 0.58 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.083 
                 0.055 
                 0.050 
                 0.076 
                 0.053 
                 0.065 
                 0.092 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.87 
                 0.93 
                 0.68 
                 0.59 
                 0.50 
                 0.27 
                 0.81 
                 0.37 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 45 
                 13 
                 39 
                 49 
                 16 
                 43 
                 25 
                 11 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 509 
                 514 
                 522 
                 547 
                 547 
                 561 
                 495 
                 562 
                 518 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 36% 
                 41% 
                 44% 
                 47% 
                 28% 
                 48% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 454 
                 502 
                 454 
                 494 
                 495 
                 518 
                 494 
                 502 
                 485 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 22% 
                 29% 
                 21% 
                 28% 
                 28% 
                 35% 
                 28% 
                 29% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 364 
                 429 
                 362 
                 420 
                 394 
                 467 
                 467 
                 494 
                 468 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 14% 
                 16% 
                 11% 
                 19% 
                 13% 
                 23% 
                 23% 
                 28% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 672 
                 636 
                 674 
                 672 
                 636 
                 674 
                 672 
                 636 
                 674 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 28% 
                 22% 
                 38% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
                 36% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 709 
                 700 
                 711 
                 709 
                 700 
                 711 
                 709 
                 700 
                 711 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 20% 
                  0% 
                 26% 
                 18% 
                 12% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 775 
                 775 
                 769 
                 775 
                 775 
                 769 
                 775 
                 775 
                 769 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                  0% 
                 21% 
                  4% 
                  6% 
                  5% 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 0.83 
                 1.6 
                 0.98 
                 2.1 
                 1.3 
                 3.1 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.66 
                 0.73 
                 0.35 
                 0.98 
                 0.19 
                 0.70 
                 0.33 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.56 
                 0.24 
                 0.29 
                 0.59 
                 0.19 
                 0.69 
                 0.35 
                 0.31 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.3 
                 9.3 
                 2.4 
                 4.4 
                 5.1 
                 6.6 
                 4.7 
                 31 
                 6.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 3.7 
                 0.96 
                 2.9 
                 1.7 
                 3.9 
                 2.1 
                 4.2 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.44 
                 0.11 
                 0.94 
                 0.034 
                 0.47 
                 0.016 
                 0.23 
                 0.21 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 0.75 
                 0.34 
                 1.1 
                 0.39 
                 1.3 
                 0.62 
                 0.46 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.1 
                 19 
                 2.7 
                 7.7 
                 7.5 
                 12 
                 7.1 
                 39 
                 7.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 0.48 
                 0.96 
                 0.97 
                 1.7 
                 1.9 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 0.56 
                 0.94 
                 0.95 
                 0.48 
                 0.29 
                 0.96 
                 0.34 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.56 
                 0.043 
                 0.34 
                 0.34 
                 0.39 
                 0.59 
                 0.27 
                 0.31 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.3 
                 5.5 
                 2.7 
                 2.8 
                 7.4 
                 5.8 
                 4.0 
                 30 
                 4.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 591000 
                 637000 
                 591000 
                 705000 
                 591000 
                 1640000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 838000 
                 1080000 
                 838000 
                 1350000 
                 838000 
                 1730000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 768000 
                 1270000 
                 768000 
                 1510000 
                 768000 
                 1180000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.16 
                   
                 0.0064 
                   
                 7.2E−6 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 133000 
                 248000 
                 133000 
                 162000 
                 133000 
                 174000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5190000 
                 7360000 
                 5190000 
                 9190000 
                 5190000 
                 5130000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 105 
                 45 
                 105 
                 49 
                 105 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 45 
                 97 
                 49 
                 97 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 676000 
                 844000 
                 676000 
                 618000 
                 676000 
                 942000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1060000 
                 1550000 
                 1060000 
                 1460000 
                 1060000 
                 2010000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1040000 
                 1890000 
                 1040000 
                 2180000 
                 1040000 
                 2520000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.0071 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 6920 
                 316000 
                 6920 
                 257000 
                 6920 
                 301000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 9190000 
                 7360000 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 8110000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 13 
                 246 
                 16 
                 246 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 13 
                 160 
                 16 
                 160 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 561000 
                 637000 
                 561000 
                 748000 
                 561000 
                 2040000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 743000 
                 926000 
                 743000 
                 1400000 
                 743000 
                 2190000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 514000 
                 844000 
                 514000 
                 1580000 
                 514000 
                 1680000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 3.0E−4 
                   
                 4.6E−11 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 154000 
                 248000 
                 154000 
                 162000 
                 154000 
                 174000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2560000 
                 4900000 
                 2560000 
                 9190000 
                 2560000 
                 7360000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 100 
                 39 
                 100 
                 43 
                 100 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 39 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.58 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
                 0.75 
                 0.55 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.085 
                 0.055 
                 0.050 
                 0.076 
                 0.053 
                 0.060 
                 0.091 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.23 
                 0.35 
                 0.25 
                 0.041 
                 0.69 
                 0.039 
                 3.8E−5 
                 0.59 
                 5.8E−8 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 45 
                 13 
                 39 
                 49 
                 16 
                 43 
                 25 
                 11 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 456000 
                 464000 
                 470000 
                 477000 
                 478000 
                 427000 
                 907000 
                 373000 
                 1140000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 37% 
                 32% 
                 39% 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 71% 
                 20% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 407000 
                 408000 
                 402000 
                 407000 
                 476000 
                 395000 
                 565000 
                 363000 
                 817000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
                 50% 
                 17% 
                 69% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 316000 
                 374000 
                 316000 
                 353000 
                 358000 
                 353000 
                 363000 
                 358000 
                 504000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 17% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 876000 
                 1110000 
                 861000 
                 876000 
                 1110000 
                 861000 
                 876000 
                 1110000 
                 861000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 36% 
                 39% 
                 31% 
                 42% 
                 72% 
                 45% 
                 76% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1160000 
                 1690000 
                 1120000 
                 1160000 
                 1690000 
                 1120000 
                 1160000 
                 1690000 
                 1120000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 24% 
                 38% 
                 23% 
                 35% 
                 19% 
                 37% 
                 60% 
                 27% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1740000 
                 2560000 
                 1330000 
                 1740000 
                 2560000 
                 1330000 
                 1740000 
                 2560000 
                 1330000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                  8% 
                 21% 
                 29% 
                  6% 
                 35% 
                 48% 
                 27% 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 96% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 96% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 96% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 0.65 
                 1.3 
                 1.4 
                 3.7 
                 0.44 
                 0.97 
                 0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.23 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
                 0.49 
                 0.11 
                 0.15 
                 0.97 
                 na 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.67 
                 0.10 
                 0.44 
                 0.52 
                 0.75 
                 0.14 
                 0.18 
                 na 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.3 
                 4.0 
                 3.8 
                 3.9 
                 19 
                 1.4 
                 5.2 
                 na 
                 7.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.7 
                 0.98 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 0.84 
                 1.4 
                 0.19 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.30 
                 0.98 
                 0.46 
                 0.60 
                 1.0 
                 0.74 
                 0.69 
                 0.13 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.19 
                 0.51 
                 0.47 
                 0.14 
                 0.30 
                 0.28 
                 0.021 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.9 
                 5.1 
                 4.3 
                 3.7 
                 7.3 
                 2.3 
                 6.7 
                 1.7 
                 10 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 1.7 
                 1.3 
                 2.5 
                 2.6 
                 1.7 
                 8.1 
                 0.98 
                 12 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.33 
                 0.48 
                 0.63 
                 0.068 
                 0.27 
                 0.26 
                 0.0029 
                 0.98 
                 0.0027 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.59 
                 0.39 
                 0.44 
                 0.93 
                 0.48 
                 0.66 
                 2.0 
                 0.27 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.7 
                 7.4 
                 3.8 
                 6.6 
                 14 
                 4.6 
                 32 
                 3.6 
                 57 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 145000 
                 152000 
                 145000 
                 182000 
                 145000 
                 184000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 149000 
                 154000 
                 149000 
                 176000 
                 149000 
                 179000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 43900 
                 51300 
                 43900 
                 43300 
                 43900 
                 51600 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 4.8E−4 
                   
                 0.0035 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 71000 
                 72200 
                 71000 
                 67300 
                 71000 
                 50900 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 245000 
                 255000 
                 245000 
                 252000 
                 245000 
                 274000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 105 
                 45 
                 105 
                 49 
                 105 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 45 
                 97 
                 49 
                 97 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 160000 
                 175000 
                 160000 
                 165000 
                 160000 
                 164000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 156000 
                 159000 
                 156000 
                 165000 
                 156000 
                 146000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 48400 
                 54400 
                 48400 
                 49900 
                 48400 
                 59400 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.51 
                   
                 0.50 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2920 
                 72200 
                 2920 
                 81400 
                 2920 
                 51300 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 274000 
                 255000 
                 274000 
                 252000 
                 274000 
                 215000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 13 
                 246 
                 16 
                 246 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 13 
                 160 
                 16 
                 160 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 149000 
                 152000 
                 149000 
                 182000 
                 149000 
                 186000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 147000 
                 155000 
                 147000 
                 176000 
                 147000 
                 189000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 43000 
                 50200 
                 43000 
                 43000 
                 43000 
                 49800 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 4.0E−4 
                   
                 1.3E−4 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 71000 
                 74400 
                 71000 
                 67300 
                 71000 
                 50900 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 245000 
                 251000 
                 245000 
                 244000 
                 245000 
                 274000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 100 
                 39 
                 100 
                 43 
                 100 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 39 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.51 
                 0.54 
                 0.67 
                 0.54 
                 0.69 
                 0.69 
                 0.46 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.083 
                 0.055 
                 0.048 
                 0.076 
                 0.051 
                 0.063 
                 0.091 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.73 
                 0.88 
                 0.48 
                 3.7E−4 
                 0.64 
                 2.5E−4 
                 0.0031 
                 0.69 
                 9.7E−5 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 45 
                 13 
                 39 
                 49 
                 16 
                 43 
                 25 
                 11 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 111000 
                 113000 
                 110000 
                 163000 
                 138000 
                 160000 
                 166000 
                 106000 
                 174000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 23% 
                 24% 
                 26% 
                 64% 
                 37% 
                 63% 
                 65% 
                 20% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 107000 
                 111000 
                 103000 
                 139000 
                 124000 
                 145000 
                 156000 
                 83900 
                 166000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 46% 
                 29% 
                 48% 
                 60% 
                  6% 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 87500 
                 87000 
                 90000 
                 99300 
                 99300 
                 103000 
                 103000 
                 74400 
                 126000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  6% 
                  7% 
                  8% 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                 20% 
                  2% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 181000 
                 186000 
                 169000 
                 181000 
                 186000 
                 169000 
                 181000 
                 186000 
                 169000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 41% 
                 55% 
                 25% 
                 67% 
                 52% 
                 36% 
                 76% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 193000 
                 200000 
                 192000 
                 193000 
                 200000 
                 192000 
                 193000 
                 200000 
                 192000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 22% 
                 23% 
                 26% 
                 37% 
                 19% 
                 40% 
                 44% 
                 36% 
                 48% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 205000 
                 217000 
                 204000 
                 205000 
                 217000 
                 204000 
                 205000 
                 217000 
                 204000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 15% 
                 23% 
                 18% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 24% 
                  0% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.57 
                 0.48 
                 0.83 
                 0.97 
                 1.3 
                 0.78 
                 0.62 
                 0.49 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 0.40 
                 0.73 
                 0.96 
                 0.71 
                 0.71 
                 0.62 
                 0.42 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.21 
                 0.084 
                 0.29 
                 0.28 
                 0.29 
                 0.21 
                 0.097 
                 0.087 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.6 
                 2.7 
                 2.4 
                 3.3 
                 6.2 
                 2.8 
                 4.0 
                 2.8 
                 24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.78 
                 0.98 
                 0.71 
                 5.3 
                 1.7 
                 3.5 
                 3.8 
                 0.24 
                 11 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.62 
                 0.98 
                 0.54 
                 0.0024 
                 0.47 
                 0.027 
                 0.066 
                 0.21 
                 0.032 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.29 
                 0.24 
                 0.24 
                 1.8 
                 0.39 
                 1.1 
                 0.92 
                 0.026 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 4.1 
                 2.1 
                 16 
                 7.5 
                 10 
                 16 
                 2.2 
                 91 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.85 
                 0.73 
                 1.3 
                 4.6 
                 1.3 
                 4.3 
                 4.8 
                 1.0 
                 14 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.74 
                 0.68 
                 0.66 
                 0.0056 
                 0.71 
                 0.0088 
                 0.026 
                 0.98 
                 0.016 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.33 
                 0.16 
                 0.45 
                 1.6 
                 0.29 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 0.24 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.2 
                 3.4 
                 3.5 
                 13 
                 6.2 
                 13 
                 19 
                 4.3 
                 120 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 29.0 
                 51.3 
                 29.0 
                 54.0 
                 29.0 
                 91.0 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 297 
                 452 
                 297 
                 374 
                 297 
                 454 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 848 
                 970 
                 848 
                 794 
                 848 
                 912 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.37 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3580 
                 6590 
                 3880 
                 6590 
                 3880 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 262 
                 51 
                 262 
                 56 
                 262 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 51 
                 110 
                 56 
                 110 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 26.1 
                 77.9 
                 26.1 
                 71.7 
                 26.1 
                 42.7 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 278 
                 630 
                 278 
                 600 
                 278 
                 429 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 749 
                 1250 
                 749 
                 1150 
                 749 
                 1060 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.059 
                   
                 0.061 
                   
                 0.48 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3580 
                 6590 
                 3880 
                 6590 
                 3880 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 466 
                 18 
                 466 
                 21 
                 466 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 18 
                 180 
                 21 
                 180 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 39.3 
                 72.6 
                 39.3 
                 58.4 
                 39.3 
                 75.0 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 374 
                 445 
                 374 
                 325 
                 374 
                 353 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 986 
                 867 
                 986 
                 599 
                 986 
                 649 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.64 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.92 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3580 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 6590 
                 2440 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 221 
                 50 
                 221 
                 52 
                 221 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 50 
                 91 
                 52 
                 91 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 0.56 
                 0.57 
                 0.58 
                 0.55 
                 0.57 
                 0.56 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.045 
                 0.072 
                 0.046 
                 0.043 
                 0.066 
                 0.045 
                 0.061 
                 0.083 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.17 
                 0.18 
                 0.20 
                 0.095 
                 0.23 
                 0.26 
                 0.23 
                 0.50 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 51 
                 18 
                 50 
                 56 
                 21 
                 52 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 12.3 
                 40.0 
                 20.0 
                 23.5 
                 13.9 
                 23.5 
                 12.6 
                 11.9 
                 6.45 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 34% 
                 57% 
                 39% 
                 48% 
                 37% 
                 43% 
                 35% 
                 34% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 9.62 
                 4.98 
                 11.8 
                 8.19 
                 8.19 
                 8.73 
                 6.45 
                 7.09 
                 5.33 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 13% 
                 27% 
                 24% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                 18% 
                 20% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 4.37 
                 0 
                 9.43 
                 3.33 
                 3.27 
                 6.45 
                 4.44 
                 6.38 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                  0% 
                 19% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 14% 
                 13% 
                 17% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 90.4 
                 98.8 
                 123 
                 90.4 
                 98.8 
                 123 
                 90.4 
                 98.8 
                 123 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 37% 
                 44% 
                 40% 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 35% 
                 50% 
                 38% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 177 
                 190 
                 225 
                 177 
                 190 
                 225 
                 177 
                 190 
                 225 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 24% 
                 30% 
                 33% 
                 27% 
                 35% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 665 
                 762 
                 805 
                 665 
                 762 
                 805 
                 665 
                 762 
                 805 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 19% 
                 13% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 0.24 
                 1.1 
                 0.52 
                 0.39 
                 1.0 
                 0.55 
                 0.99 
                 0.26 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 0.21 
                 0.84 
                 0.16 
                 0.26 
                 1.0 
                 0.35 
                 0.99 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.55 
                 0.027 
                 0.43 
                 0.20 
                 0.074 
                 0.40 
                 0.15 
                 0.20 
                 0.052 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.5 
                 2.2 
                 2.8 
                 1.3 
                 2.0 
                 2.5 
                 2.0 
                 5.0 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 0.55 
                 0.66 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.52 
                 0.52 
                 0.69 
                 0.77 
                 0.51 
                 0.35 
                 0.65 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.42 
                 0.55 
                 0.53 
                 0.36 
                 0.56 
                 0.15 
                 0.11 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.8 
                 5.5 
                 3.3 
                 2.6 
                 4.0 
                 3.2 
                 2.0 
                 4.0 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 1.8 
                 1.8 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
                 1.6 
                 1.7 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.097 
                 0.36 
                 0.21 
                 0.45 
                 0.40 
                 0.30 
                 0.32 
                 0.48 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.87 
                 0.51 
                 0.73 
                 0.62 
                 0.52 
                 0.67 
                 0.61 
                 0.39 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.1 
                 6.3 
                 4.2 
                 2.9 
                 5.1 
                 3.7 
                 4.6 
                 7.2 
                 3.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                 Median 
                 59500 
                 50400 
                 59500 
                 40800 
                 59500 
                 45900 
               
               
                 Average 
                 54800 
                 51700 
                 54800 
                 74700 
                 54800 
                 52700 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 32400 
                 32500 
                 32400 
                 118000 
                 32400 
                 34800 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2360 
                 1.00E−9 
                 3810 
                 1.00E−9 
                 12800 
               
               
                 Max 
                 251000 
                 154000 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 187000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 105 
                 45 
                 105 
                 49 
                 105 
                 25 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 45 
                 97 
                 49 
                 97 
                 25 
               
               
                 sCr only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 47700 
                 37200 
                 47700 
                 65800 
                 47700 
                 55400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 56100 
                 42300 
                 56100 
                 75500 
                 56100 
                 49600 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 56500 
                 30000 
                 56500 
                 100000 
                 56500 
                 21200 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 0.21 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 5230 
                 1.00E−9 
                 10600 
                 1.00E−9 
                 19400 
               
               
                 Max 
                 573000 
                 119000 
                 573000 
                 444000 
                 573000 
                 77100 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 13 
                 246 
                 16 
                 246 
                 11 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 13 
                 160 
                 16 
                 160 
                 11 
               
               
                 UO only 
               
               
                 Median 
                 61300 
                 56600 
                 61300 
                 41100 
                 61300 
                 45900 
               
               
                 Average 
                 55200 
                 55700 
                 55200 
                 69900 
                 55200 
                 55900 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 31500 
                 32600 
                 31500 
                 111000 
                 31500 
                 36400 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.93 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.93 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5830 
                 2360 
                 5830 
                 3810 
                 5830 
                 12800 
               
               
                 Max 
                 251000 
                 154000 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 187000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 100 
                 39 
                 100 
                 43 
                 100 
                 21 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 39 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 21 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 0.40 
                 0.50 
                 0.45 
                 0.56 
                 0.44 
                 0.44 
                 0.49 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.085 
                 0.055 
                 0.050 
                 0.076 
                 0.053 
                 0.065 
                 0.089 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.55 
                 0.22 
                 0.95 
                 0.35 
                 0.46 
                 0.23 
                 0.32 
                 0.95 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 45 
                 13 
                 39 
                 49 
                 16 
                 43 
                 25 
                 11 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 28100 
                 25800 
                 31900 
                 31000 
                 36800 
                 31000 
                 33200 
                 34200 
                 36300 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 20% 
                 19% 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 39% 
                 22% 
                 27% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 23500 
                 23500 
                 23800 
                 26700 
                 32800 
                 27000 
                 30200 
                 27900 
                 31900 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 16% 
                 15% 
                 18% 
                 30% 
                 16% 
                 22% 
                 22% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 9490 
                 8650 
                 10600 
                 19700 
                 24800 
                 23800 
                 22200 
                 22200 
                 26600 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  3% 
                  5% 
                  3% 
                 13% 
                 18% 
                 15% 
                 16% 
                 15% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
                  7% 
                 16% 
                  9% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
                  7% 
                  16% 
                  9% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 70000 
                 72800 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 72800 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 72800 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 15% 
                  8% 
                  6% 
                  7% 
                 16% 
                  9% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 2.0 
                 0.96 
                 0.91 
                 1.3 
                 7.9 
                 1.3 
                 5.4 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 0.57 
                 0.94 
                 0.85 
                 0.71 
                 0.0029 
                 0.68 
                 0.13 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.64 
                 0.18 
                 0.34 
                 0.33 
                 0.29 
                 2.0 
                 0.33 
                 0.62 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.1 
                 23 
                 2.7 
                 2.5 
                 6.2 
                 30 
                 5.5 
                 48 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 4.2 
                 1.4 
                 1.4 
                 2.5 
                 5.5 
                 3.2 
                 2.1 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 0.21 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.20 
                 0.015 
                 0.079 
                 0.56 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 0.46 
                 0.52 
                 0.55 
                 0.62 
                 1.4 
                 0.87 
                 0.18 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.4 
                 39 
                 3.9 
                 3.7 
                 10 
                 22 
                 11 
                 23 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 6.6 
                 0.50 
                 1.5 
                 0.65 
                 6.5 
                 1.7 
                 3.1 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 0.084 
                 0.23 
                 0.42 
                 0.64 
                 0.0073 
                 0.46 
                 0.33 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.82 
                 0.77 
                 0.16 
                 0.57 
                 0.10 
                 1.7 
                 0.42 
                 0.32 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.4 
                 57 
                 1.6 
                 3.9 
                 4.0 
                 25 
                 6.6 
                 31 
                 5.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.510 
                 0.00841 
                 0.510 
                 0.461 
                 0.510 
                 0.464 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.694 
                 0.399 
                 0.694 
                 0.561 
                 0.694 
                 0.546 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.813 
                 0.635 
                 0.813 
                 0.584 
                 0.813 
                 0.507 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.015 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.44 
                 7.23 
                 1.98 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 262 
                 51 
                 262 
                 56 
                 262 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 51 
                 110 
                 56 
                 110 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.475 
                 0.426 
                 0.475 
                 0.483 
                 0.475 
                 0.482 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.613 
                 0.579 
                 0.613 
                 0.662 
                 0.613 
                 0.555 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.703 
                 0.828 
                 0.703 
                 0.751 
                 0.703 
                 0.604 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.84 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.44 
                 7.23 
                 1.98 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 466 
                 18 
                 466 
                 21 
                 466 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 18 
                 180 
                 21 
                 180 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.483 
                 0.265 
                 0.483 
                 0.448 
                 0.483 
                 0.420 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.669 
                 0.462 
                 0.669 
                 0.568 
                 0.669 
                 0.421 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.831 
                 0.642 
                 0.831 
                 0.597 
                 0.831 
                 0.387 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.099 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.78 
                 7.23 
                 1.42 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 221 
                 50 
                 221 
                 52 
                 221 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 50 
                 91 
                 52 
                 91 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.34 
                 0.45 
                 0.40 
                 0.46 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.47 
                 0.48 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.044 
                 0.071 
                 0.046 
                 0.043 
                 0.064 
                 0.045 
                 0.060 
                 0.082 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 p 
                 4.3E−4 
                 0.45 
                 0.030 
                 0.31 
                 0.99 
                 0.54 
                 0.58 
                 0.78 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 51 
                 18 
                 50 
                 56 
                 21 
                 52 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.286 
                 0.00841 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 33% 
                 24% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.828 
                 0.758 
                 0.758 
                 0.828 
                 0.758 
                 0.758 
                 0.828 
                 0.758 
                 0.758 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 18% 
                 17% 
                 24% 
                 23% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 19% 
                 38% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.06 
                 1.01 
                 1.04 
                 1.06 
                 1.01 
                 1.04 
                 1.06 
                 1.01 
                 1.04 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
                 24% 
                 17% 
                 15% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.52 
                 1.35 
                 1.49 
                 1.52 
                 1.35 
                 1.49 
                 1.52 
                 1.35 
                 1.49 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                  5% 
                 19% 
                  6% 
                  4% 
                  8% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 1.3 
                 0.88 
                 0.75 
                 0.99 
                 0.72 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.58 
                 0.70 
                 0.80 
                 0.52 
                 0.99 
                 0.50 
                 0.55 
                 0.70 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.29 
                 0.34 
                 0.31 
                 0.28 
                 0.28 
                 0.44 
                 0.29 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.8 
                 6.1 
                 2.3 
                 1.8 
                 3.5 
                 1.9 
                 4.8 
                 6.1 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.4 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.3 
                 1.2 
                 1.6 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 4.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.067 
                 0.32 
                 0.49 
                 0.54 
                 0.77 
                 0.28 
                 0.75 
                 1.0 
                 0.066 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.94 
                 0.50 
                 0.56 
                 0.57 
                 0.36 
                 0.69 
                 0.35 
                 0.20 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.4 
                 8.4 
                 3.4 
                 2.9 
                 4.0 
                 3.6 
                 4.2 
                 5.1 
                 22 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.5 
                 1.7 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 0.99 
                 1.2 
                 1.7 
                 1.0 
                 3.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0075 
                 0.48 
                 0.085 
                 0.40 
                 0.99 
                 0.63 
                 0.39 
                 0.99 
                 0.10 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 0.40 
                 0.90 
                 0.63 
                 0.28 
                 0.52 
                 0.52 
                 0.20 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 9.0 
                 7.3 
                 5.0 
                 3.1 
                 3.5 
                 2.9 
                 5.4 
                 5.1 
                 19 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.855 
                 0.739 
                 0.855 
                 0.862 
                 0.855 
                 0.899 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.11 
                 3.71 
                 2.11 
                 5.81 
                 2.11 
                 8.75 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 4.54 
                 8.54 
                 4.54 
                 15.3 
                 4.54 
                 23.0 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.14 
                   
                 0.024 
                   
                 0.0064 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 39.5 
                 39.8 
                 39.5 
                 74.3 
                 39.5 
                 112 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 105 
                 45 
                 105 
                 49 
                 105 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 45 
                 97 
                 49 
                 97 
                 25 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.815 
                 0.911 
                 0.815 
                 0.400 
                 0.815 
                 0.862 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.73 
                 2.82 
                 2.73 
                 5.92 
                 2.73 
                 14.2 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 7.43 
                 5.37 
                 7.43 
                 18.5 
                 7.43 
                 33.1 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.96 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                  1.8E−4 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.310 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 64.3 
                 20.2 
                 64.3 
                 74.3 
                 64.3 
                 112 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 246 
                 13 
                 246 
                 16 
                 246 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 160 
                 13 
                 160 
                 16 
                 160 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.906 
                 0.617 
                 0.906 
                 0.983 
                 0.906 
                 0.899 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.64 
                 3.49 
                 4.64 
                 4.71 
                 4.64 
                 3.51 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 16.7 
                 8.75 
                 16.7 
                 12.2 
                 16.7 
                 7.84 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 120 
                 39.8 
                 120 
                 64.3 
                 120 
                 32.9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 100 
                 39 
                 100 
                 43 
                 100 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 39 
                 86 
                 43 
                 86 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.56 
                 0.45 
                 0.46 
                 0.37 
                 0.47 
                 0.53 
                 0.59 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.052 
                 0.084 
                 0.055 
                 0.050 
                 0.077 
                 0.053 
                 0.065 
                 0.092 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.95 
                 0.49 
                 0.33 
                 0.43 
                 0.10 
                 0.57 
                 0.66 
                 0.32 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
                 105 
                 246 
                 100 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 45 
                 13 
                 39 
                 49 
                 16 
                 43 
                 25 
                 11 
                 21 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.442 
                 0.510 
                 0.360 
                 0.225 
                 0.136 
                 0.292 
                 0.442 
                 0.567 
                 0.553 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 30% 
                 35% 
                 21% 
                 16% 
                 13% 
                 19% 
                 30% 
                 38% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.330 
                 0.444 
                 0.232 
                 0.143 
                 0.0826 
                 0.190 
                 0.225 
                 0.427 
                 0.225 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 22% 
                 31% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
                 30% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.115 
                 0.435 
                 0 
                 0.0524 
                 0 
                 0.100 
                 0.0524 
                 0.119 
                 0.0760 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 30% 
                  0% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                  9% 
                  6% 
                 13% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.76 
                 1.61 
                 1.96 
                 1.76 
                 1.61 
                 1.96 
                 1.76 
                 1.61 
                 1.96 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 19% 
                 30% 
                 36% 
                 45% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.25 
                 2.41 
                 2.84 
                 2.25 
                 2.41 
                 2.84 
                 2.25 
                 2.41 
                 2.84 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 23% 
                 21% 
                 27% 
                 19% 
                 23% 
                 36% 
                 45% 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4.90 
                 4.90 
                 6.30 
                 4.90 
                 4.90 
                 6.30 
                 4.90 
                 4.90 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 10% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 20% 
                 27% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 5.2 
                 0.42 
                 0.92 
                 1.0 
                 0.88 
                 0.96 
                 1.0 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 0.14 
                 0.15 
                 0.87 
                 0.98 
                 0.80 
                 0.95 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.60 
                 0.13 
                 0.36 
                 0.20 
                 0.33 
                 0.28 
                 0.14 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.2 
                 46 
                 1.4 
                 2.4 
                 5.2 
                 2.4 
                 3.4 
                 7.3 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.33 
                 3.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.52 
                 1.0 
                 0.40 
                 0.62 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.059 
                 0.34 
                 0.61 
                 0.21 
                 1.0 
                 0.11 
                 0.49 
                 1.0 
                 0.95 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.10 
                 0.31 
                 0.47 
                 0.19 
                 0.19 
                 0.13 
                 0.16 
                 0.14 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 30 
                 3.6 
                 1.4 
                 5.1 
                 1.2 
                 2.4 
                 7.3 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 4.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.5 
                 2.5 
                 1.3 
                 1.6 
                 2.6 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 0.21 
                 0.55 
                 0.43 
                 0.19 
                 0.56 
                 0.42 
                 0.27 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.58 
                 0.63 
                 0.51 
                 0.50 
                 0.48 
                 0.22 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.2 
                 38 
                 3.8 
                 3.7 
                 10 
                 3.5 
                 5.2 
                 14 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 122000 
                 127000 
                 122000 
                 139000 
                 122000 
                 137000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 127000 
                 134000 
                 127000 
                 137000 
                 127000 
                 130000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 32000 
                 44100 
                 32000 
                 44400 
                 32000 
                 37500 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 40800 
                 41200 
                 40800 
                 11900 
                 40800 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 203000 
                 212000 
                 203000 
                 224000 
                 203000 
                 200000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 53 
                 29 
                 53 
                 34 
                 53 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 29 
                 51 
                 34 
                 51 
                 18 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 130000 
                 122000 
                 130000 
                 122000 
                 130000 
                 130000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 129000 
                 126000 
                 129000 
                 127000 
                 129000 
                 132000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 40000 
                 40200 
                 40000 
                 37800 
                 40000 
                 26700 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.83 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 11900 
                 55400 
                 11900 
                 51200 
                 11900 
                 99900 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 231000 
                 195000 
                 231000 
                 189000 
                 231000 
                 177000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 133 
                 10 
                 133 
                 17 
                 133 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 101 
                 10 
                 101 
                 17 
                 101 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 131000 
                 139000 
                 131000 
                 140000 
                 131000 
                 142000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 132000 
                 138000 
                 132000 
                 145000 
                 132000 
                 133000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 33400 
                 45700 
                 33400 
                 49500 
                 33400 
                 42200 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.52 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.96 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 40800 
                 41200 
                 40800 
                 11900 
                 40800 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 203000 
                 212000 
                 203000 
                 275000 
                 203000 
                 200000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 54 
                 23 
                 54 
                 30 
                 54 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 47 
                 23 
                 47 
                 30 
                 47 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.55 
                 0.49 
                 0.54 
                 0.59 
                 0.49 
                 0.60 
                 0.53 
                 0.52 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.067 
                 0.096 
                 0.073 
                 0.063 
                 0.075 
                 0.066 
                 0.080 
                 0.11 
                 0.090 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.44 
                 0.89 
                 0.63 
                 0.14 
                 0.86 
                 0.15 
                 0.72 
                 0.83 
                 0.97 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 53 
                 133 
                 54 
                 53 
                 133 
                 54 
                 53 
                 133 
                 54 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 29 
                 10 
                 23 
                 34 
                 17 
                 30 
                 18 
                 8 
                 13 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 107000 
                 115000 
                 104000 
                 120000 
                 108000 
                 129000 
                 119000 
                 119000 
                 129000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 74% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 75% 
                 77% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 26% 
                 41% 
                 20% 
                 49% 
                 30% 
                 50% 
                 45% 
                 44% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 96800 
                 107000 
                 91600 
                 108000 
                 101000 
                 120000 
                 99300 
                 101000 
                 91600 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 85% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 29% 
                 11% 
                 28% 
                 23% 
                 46% 
                 21% 
                 23% 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 75500 
                 88100 
                 80400 
                 91600 
                 75500 
                 92600 
                 75500 
                 99300 
                 75500 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 93% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  4% 
                 14% 
                  4% 
                 15% 
                  7% 
                 11% 
                  4% 
                 22% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 150000 
                 150000 
                 154000 
                 150000 
                 150000 
                 154000 
                 150000 
                 150000 
                 154000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 41% 
                 30% 
                 43% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 156000 
                 162000 
                 166000 
                 156000 
                 162000 
                 166000 
                 156000 
                 162000 
                 166000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 26% 
                 32% 
                 29% 
                 30% 
                 11% 
                 12% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 169000 
                 179000 
                 173000 
                 169000 
                 179000 
                 173000 
                 169000 
                 179000 
                 173000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 24% 
                 10% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                  6% 
                 30% 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.93 
                 0.31 
                 0.46 
                 1.2 
                 0.58 
                 3.2 
                 0.14 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.91 
                 0.33 
                 0.29 
                 0.82 
                 0.48 
                 0.10 
                 0.091 
                 1.0 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.26 
                 0.031 
                 0.11 
                 0.32 
                 0.13 
                 0.79 
                 0.015 
                 0.13 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.4 
                 3.2 
                 1.9 
                 4.3 
                 2.6 
                 13 
                 1.4 
                 7.5 
                 4.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.46 
                 1.4 
                 0.79 
                 2.1 
                 0.78 
                 2.1 
                 2.4 
                 1.5 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 0.69 
                 0.73 
                 0.26 
                 0.72 
                 0.30 
                 0.22 
                 0.64 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.11 
                 0.28 
                 0.21 
                 0.59 
                 0.19 
                 0.51 
                 0.60 
                 0.24 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 6.6 
                 3.0 
                 7.4 
                 3.1 
                 8.8 
                 9.7 
                 9.9 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.0 
                 0.67 
                 0.73 
                 2.5 
                 1.0 
                 3.9 
                 0.48 
                 0.47 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.67 
                 0.65 
                 0.15 
                 0.96 
                 0.056 
                 0.37 
                 0.55 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.58 
                 0.10 
                 0.19 
                 0.71 
                 0.27 
                 0.97 
                 0.095 
                 0.041 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.2 
                 4.3 
                 2.8 
                 8.8 
                 3.9 
                 15 
                 2.4 
                 5.4 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 36.8 
                 1.00E−9 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 25.7 
                 16.9 
                 25.7 
                 22.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.9 
                 24.5 
                 19.9 
                 22.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 27 
                 8 
                 27 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 26 
                 8 
                 26 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 25.4 
                 26.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 21.1 
                 26.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.91 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 47 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 44 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 36.8 
                 1.00E−9 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 24.8 
                 19.3 
                 24.8 
                 24.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 20.2 
                 25.4 
                 20.2 
                 22.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.97 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 28 
                 7 
                 28 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 26 
                 7 
                 26 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
                 0.47 
                 0.53 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.099 
                 0.12 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 0.77 
                 0.83 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 27 
                 nd 
                 28 
                 27 
                 47 
                 28 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 7 
                 13 
                 7 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                 29% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 89% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                 29% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 89% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 61.3 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                  0% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 2.3 
                 2.7 
                 0 
                 1.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 0.94 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.053 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 0.36 
                 na 
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 31 
                 20 
                 na 
                 21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
                 4.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.61 
                 9.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 1.0 
                 0.62 
                 0.074 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.11 
                 0.083 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 49 
                 nd 
                 49 
                 8.9 
                 4.4 
                 100 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.8 
                 nd 
                 1.1 
                 4.0 
                 0.56 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.22 
                 nd 
                 0.93 
                 0.17 
                 0.56 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.060 
                 0.55 
                 0.077 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 60 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 29 
                 4.0 
                 54 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 35.0 
                 36.7 
                 35.0 
                 35.6 
                 35.0 
                 37.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 40.0 
                 39.2 
                 40.0 
                 38.4 
                 40.0 
                 37.1 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.3 
                 16.1 
                 19.3 
                 15.6 
                 19.3 
                 11.7 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.45 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 7.91 
                 15.3 
                 7.91 
                 14.6 
                 7.91 
                 17.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 86.6 
                 142 
                 91.5 
                 142 
                 65.4 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 262 
                 51 
                 262 
                 56 
                 262 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 51 
                 110 
                 56 
                 110 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 35.0 
                 32.0 
                 35.0 
                 30.6 
                 35.0 
                 32.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 38.5 
                 39.1 
                 38.5 
                 39.6 
                 38.5 
                 37.9 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 17.8 
                 21.3 
                 17.8 
                 22.0 
                 17.8 
                 20.5 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 0.91 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 7.56 
                 15.3 
                 7.56 
                 14.6 
                 7.56 
                 16.7 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 86.6 
                 142 
                 91.3 
                 142 
                 79.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 466 
                 18 
                 466 
                 21 
                 466 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 18 
                 180 
                 21 
                 180 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 34.4 
                 36.8 
                 34.4 
                 37.5 
                 34.4 
                 37.8 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 40.6 
                 39.2 
                 40.6 
                 40.2 
                 40.6 
                 40.0 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.8 
                 14.8 
                 19.8 
                 15.1 
                 19.8 
                 13.0 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 9.10 
                 18.5 
                 9.10 
                 19.2 
                 9.10 
                 23.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 82.6 
                 142 
                 91.5 
                 142 
                 73.4 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 221 
                 50 
                 221 
                 52 
                 221 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 50 
                 91 
                 52 
                 91 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.47 
                 0.50 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
                 0.53 
                 0.49 
                 0.46 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.044 
                 0.071 
                 0.045 
                 0.043 
                 0.066 
                 0.045 
                 0.060 
                 0.083 
                 0.064 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.94 
                 0.64 
                 0.99 
                 0.75 
                 0.59 
                 0.56 
                 0.83 
                 0.63 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 51 
                 18 
                 50 
                 56 
                 21 
                 52 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29.5 
                 24.0 
                 29.2 
                 29.1 
                 24.7 
                 31.9 
                 28.5 
                 20.3 
                 35.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 29% 
                 15% 
                 27% 
                 27% 
                 17% 
                 40% 
                 25% 
                  8% 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 26.9 
                 22.6 
                 26.9 
                 24.7 
                 24.2 
                 28.8 
                 26.7 
                 19.6 
                 27.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 19% 
                 12% 
                 18% 
                 14% 
                 15% 
                 24% 
                 18% 
                  8% 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 22.7 
                 17.3 
                 24.4 
                 21.3 
                 19.6 
                 24.2 
                 22.7 
                 16.7 
                 23.8 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                  5% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                 10% 
                 10% 
                  5% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 45.1 
                 42.8 
                 45.4 
                 45.1 
                 42.8 
                 45.4 
                 45.1 
                 42.8 
                 45.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 24% 
                 33% 
                 26% 
                 21% 
                 33% 
                 25% 
                 23% 
                 31% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 50.0 
                 48.2 
                 50.9 
                 50.0 
                 48.2 
                 50.9 
                 50.0 
                 48.2 
                 50.9 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 20% 
                 22% 
                 22% 
                 16% 
                 19% 
                 19% 
                 15% 
                 31% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 62.6 
                 58.1 
                 63.4 
                 62.6 
                 58.1 
                 63.4 
                 62.6 
                 58.1 
                 63.4 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 10% 
                  7% 
                 19% 
                  8% 
                  4% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 0.59 
                 1.5 
                 1.7 
                 0.79 
                 0.89 
                 1.6 
                 0.49 
                 0.15 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 0.48 
                 0.38 
                 0.21 
                 0.73 
                 0.81 
                 0.42 
                 0.42 
                 0.087 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.63 
                 0.14 
                 0.62 
                 0.75 
                 0.21 
                 0.35 
                 0.53 
                 0.088 
                 0.018 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.4 
                 2.5 
                 3.5 
                 3.8 
                 3.0 
                 2.3 
                 4.7 
                 2.7 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 0.79 
                 0.89 
                 1.0 
                 0.59 
                 2.0 
                 0.65 
                 0.49 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.63 
                 0.73 
                 0.81 
                 1.0 
                 0.48 
                 0.10 
                 0.51 
                 0.42 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.52 
                 0.21 
                 0.35 
                 0.42 
                 0.14 
                 0.87 
                 0.17 
                 0.088 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.0 
                 3.0 
                 2.3 
                 2.4 
                 2.5 
                 4.6 
                 2.4 
                 2.7 
                 5.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 1.2 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 1.9 
                 1.1 
                 1.2 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.80 
                 0.76 
                 0.48 
                 0.64 
                 0.27 
                 0.85 
                 0.77 
                 0.72 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.46 
                 0.36 
                 0.57 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
                 0.44 
                 0.38 
                 0.33 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.7 
                 4.1 
                 3.3 
                 2.8 
                 5.8 
                 2.7 
                 3.7 
                 4.9 
                 3.3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 2.16 
                 1.94 
                 1.98 
                 1.94 
                 2.78 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.17 
                 2.21 
                 2.17 
                 2.26 
                 2.17 
                 2.78 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.12 
                 1.09 
                 1.12 
                 1.58 
                 1.12 
                 1.18 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.59 
                   
                 0.0080 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 1.11 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5.87 
                 5.08 
                 5.87 
                 6.89 
                 5.87 
                 5.24 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 262 
                 51 
                 262 
                 56 
                 262 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 51 
                 110 
                 56 
                 110 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 2.53 
                 1.94 
                 1.87 
                 1.94 
                 2.37 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.16 
                 2.35 
                 2.16 
                 2.37 
                 2.16 
                 2.50 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.14 
                 1.13 
                 1.14 
                 1.58 
                 1.14 
                 1.28 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.41 
                   
                 0.28 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 0.0323 
                 0.563 
                 0.0323 
                 0.941 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 4.43 
                 6.89 
                 5.71 
                 6.89 
                 5.24 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 466 
                 18 
                 466 
                 21 
                 466 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 18 
                 180 
                 21 
                 180 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.87 
                 1.86 
                 1.87 
                 1.98 
                 1.87 
                 2.45 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.12 
                 2.05 
                 2.12 
                 2.23 
                 2.12 
                 2.62 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.14 
                 1.08 
                 1.14 
                 1.56 
                 1.14 
                 1.13 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.050 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.396 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 1.11 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5.87 
                 5.08 
                 5.87 
                 6.89 
                 5.87 
                 4.91 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 221 
                 50 
                 221 
                 52 
                 221 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 50 
                 91 
                 52 
                 91 
                 23 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.56 
                 0.48 
                 0.50 
                 0.51 
                 0.50 
                 0.65 
                 0.58 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.045 
                 0.071 
                 0.046 
                 0.043 
                 0.065 
                 0.045 
                 0.061 
                 0.084 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.71 
                 0.40 
                 0.69 
                 0.93 
                 0.92 
                 0.95 
                 0.011 
                 0.36 
                 0.046 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
                 262 
                 466 
                 221 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 51 
                 18 
                 50 
                 56 
                 21 
                 52 
                 26 
                 13 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.46 
                 1.66 
                 1.35 
                 1.17 
                 1.18 
                 1.40 
                 1.77 
                 1.65 
                 1.76 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 72% 
                 70% 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 77% 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 27% 
                 39% 
                 27% 
                 17% 
                 20% 
                 29% 
                 44% 
                 38% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.17 
                 1.29 
                 1.08 
                 0.970 
                 0.885 
                 0.848 
                 1.65 
                 1.11 
                 1.54 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 85% 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                 16% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 38% 
                 16% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.790 
                 0.532 
                 0.790 
                 0.338 
                 0.822 
                 0.338 
                 1.16 
                 0.974 
                 1.16 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  7% 
                  3% 
                  7% 
                  2% 
                 11% 
                  2% 
                 17% 
                 13% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.56 
                 2.66 
                 2.64 
                 2.56 
                 2.66 
                 2.64 
                 2.56 
                 2.66 
                 2.64 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 35% 
                 44% 
                 26% 
                 41% 
                 33% 
                 42% 
                 54% 
                 38% 
                 48% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 24% 
                 22% 
                 18% 
                 27% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 38% 
                 31% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.73 
                 3.70 
                 3.66 
                 3.73 
                 3.70 
                 3.66 
                 3.73 
                 3.70 
                 3.66 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 24% 
                 15% 
                 23% 
                 15% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.1 
                 0.60 
                 0.55 
                 0.61 
                 2.1 
                 0.66 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.82 
                 0.23 
                 0.35 
                 0.27 
                 0.31 
                 0.65 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.42 
                 0.24 
                 0.46 
                 0.26 
                 0.16 
                 0.25 
                 0.50 
                 0.11 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.4 
                 4.1 
                 2.6 
                 1.4 
                 1.9 
                 1.5 
                 8.7 
                 4.0 
                 8.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.90 
                 0.49 
                 0.80 
                 0.59 
                 0.41 
                 0.76 
                 1.4 
                 0.99 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 0.42 
                 0.64 
                 0.21 
                 0.21 
                 0.52 
                 0.70 
                 0.99 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 0.088 
                 0.32 
                 0.26 
                 0.10 
                 0.32 
                 0.29 
                 0.20 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 2.7 
                 2.0 
                 1.4 
                 1.6 
                 1.8 
                 6.3 
                 5.0 
                 7.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.4 
                 2.1 
                 1.3 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 0.98 
                 5.1 
                 1.7 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 0.25 
                 0.49 
                 0.97 
                 0.99 
                 0.96 
                 0.015 
                 0.48 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.61 
                 0.58 
                 0.48 
                 0.34 
                 0.44 
                 1.4 
                 0.39 
                 0.86 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.2 
                 7.1 
                 3.1 
                 2.2 
                 2.9 
                 2.2 
                 19 
                 7.2 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 6: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R) and in EDTA samples collected from subjects at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage I or F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 566 
                 582 
                 566 
                 586 
                 566 
                 567 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 585 
                 557 
                 585 
                 548 
                 585 
                 549 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 177 
                 128 
                 177 
                 148 
                 177 
                 122 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.51 
                   
                 0.31 
                   
                 0.44 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 283 
                 22.9 
                 211 
                 22.9 
                 195 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 806 
                 1640 
                 763 
                 1640 
                 731 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 571 
                 559 
                 571 
                 562 
                 571 
                 565 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 594 
                 551 
                 594 
                 542 
                 594 
                 543 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 176 
                 127 
                 176 
                 145 
                 176 
                 124 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.32 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.29 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 242 
                 283 
                 242 
                 211 
                 242 
                 195 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 806 
                 1640 
                 763 
                 1640 
                 731 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 525 
                 nd 
                 525 
                 459 
                 nd 
                 459 
                 525 
                 nd 
                 525 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 454 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 437 
                 nd 
                 437 
                 486 
                 nd 
                 463 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 320 
                 nd 
                 320 
                 305 
                 nd 
                 305 
                 459 
                 nd 
                 459 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  3% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 664 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 664 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 664 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 715 
                 nd 
                 726 
                 715 
                 nd 
                 726 
                 715 
                 nd 
                 726 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 777 
                 nd 
                 791 
                 777 
                 nd 
                 791 
                 777 
                 nd 
                 791 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 3.9 
                 2.8 
                 nd 
                 3.9 
                 7.9 
                 nd 
                 6.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.063 
                 nd 
                 0.097 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 0.048 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.92 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
                 0.84 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.94 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 20 
                 9.5 
                 nd 
                 15 
                 66 
                 nd 
                 58 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.7 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.8 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 15 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 7.7 
                 39 
                 nd 
                 32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 4.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.22 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 7.6 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 31 
                 nd 
                 40 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 648000 
                 1340000 
                 648000 
                 509000 
                 648000 
                 758000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1080000 
                 2130000 
                 1080000 
                 1050000 
                 1080000 
                 1290000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1100000 
                 2200000 
                 1100000 
                 1710000 
                 1100000 
                 1110000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 4.8E−4 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 133000 
                 347000 
                 133000 
                 171000 
                 133000 
                 6920 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 8110000 
                 9190000 
                 3320000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 646000 
                 1090000 
                 646000 
                 470000 
                 646000 
                 948000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1060000 
                 2060000 
                 1060000 
                 1070000 
                 1060000 
                 1270000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1090000 
                 2220000 
                 1090000 
                 1710000 
                 1090000 
                 1020000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 9.7E−4 
                   
                 0.97 
                   
                 0.49 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 154000 
                 347000 
                 154000 
                 171000 
                 154000 
                 6920 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 9190000 
                 8110000 
                 9190000 
                 3320000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.68 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.071 
                 nd 
                 0.072 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.079 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0072 
                 nd 
                 0.013 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 881000 
                 nd 
                 861000 
                 395000 
                 nd 
                 395000 
                 402000 
                 nd 
                 659000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 61% 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 494000 
                 nd 
                 494000 
                 363000 
                 nd 
                 367000 
                 382000 
                 nd 
                 382000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 16% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 414000 
                 nd 
                 414000 
                 248000 
                 nd 
                 248000 
                 162000 
                 nd 
                 162000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                  1% 
                 nd 
                  1% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1070000 
                 nd 
                 1110000 
                 1070000 
                 nd 
                 1110000 
                 1070000 
                 nd 
                 1110000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1740000 
                 nd 
                 1540000 
                 1740000 
                 nd 
                 1540000 
                 1740000 
                 nd 
                 1540000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2560000 
                 nd 
                 2560000 
                 2560000 
                 nd 
                 2560000 
                 2560000 
                 nd 
                 2560000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 96% 
                 nd 
                 97% 
                 96% 
                 nd 
                 97% 
                 96% 
                 nd 
                 97% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.22 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.3 
                 nd 
                 7.4 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 7.8 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 17 
                 nd 
                 17 
                 8.9 
                 nd 
                 5.1 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.4 
                 nd 
                 4.4 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 2.5 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.070 
                 nd 
                 0.068 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.77 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.89 
                 nd 
                 0.89 
                 0.87 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 21 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 8.7 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 156000 
                 188000 
                 156000 
                 150000 
                 156000 
                 198000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 152000 
                 171000 
                 152000 
                 148000 
                 152000 
                 175000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 46900 
                 50500 
                 46900 
                 47200 
                 46900 
                 66900 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.10 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.076 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 50900 
                 78200 
                 50900 
                 51300 
                 50900 
                 2920 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 274000 
                 245000 
                 274000 
                 239000 
                 274000 
                 255000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 159000 
                 188000 
                 159000 
                 152000 
                 159000 
                 193000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 155000 
                 173000 
                 155000 
                 152000 
                 155000 
                 179000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 47300 
                 52000 
                 47300 
                 46700 
                 47300 
                 66300 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.76 
                   
                 0.072 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 50900 
                 78200 
                 50900 
                 51300 
                 50900 
                 2920 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 274000 
                 245000 
                 274000 
                 239000 
                 274000 
                 255000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.081 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.84 
                 0.027 
                 nd 
                 0.021 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
                 121000 
                 nd 
                 124000 
                 175000 
                 nd 
                 186000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 48% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 63% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 107000 
                 nd 
                 107000 
                 100000 
                 nd 
                 118000 
                 126000 
                 nd 
                 126000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 96500 
                 nd 
                 96500 
                 85900 
                 nd 
                 85900 
                 88100 
                 nd 
                 88100 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 182000 
                 nd 
                 183000 
                 182000 
                 nd 
                 183000 
                 182000 
                 nd 
                 183000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 61% 
                 nd 
                 61% 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 193000 
                 nd 
                 197000 
                 193000 
                 nd 
                 197000 
                 193000 
                 nd 
                 197000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 53% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 205000 
                 nd 
                 208000 
                 205000 
                 nd 
                 208000 
                 205000 
                 nd 
                 208000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.085 
                 nd 
                 0.084 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
                 0.032 
                 nd 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 2.7 
                 3.7 
                 nd 
                 4.3 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 2.3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 4.2 
                 6.9 
                 nd 
                 7.1 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 2.9 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.3 
                 nd 
                 7.5 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 19 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 31.2 
                 57.3 
                 31.2 
                 41.3 
                 31.2 
                 31.8 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 316 
                 439 
                 316 
                 407 
                 316 
                 214 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 833 
                 859 
                 833 
                 682 
                 833 
                 396 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.54 
                   
                 0.61 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590.0000 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 6590 
                 1310 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 437 
                 26 
                 437 
                 33 
                 437 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 26 
                 174 
                 33 
                 174 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 31.2 
                 173 
                 31.2 
                 121 
                 31.2 
                 180 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 297 
                 541 
                 297 
                 812 
                 297 
                 445 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 775 
                 982 
                 775 
                 1230 
                 775 
                 862 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.45 
                   
                 0.051 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 64.1 
                 0.0604 
                 8.23 
                 0.0604 
                 12.1 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 2540 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 535 
                 6 
                 535 
                 9 
                 535 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 207 
                 6 
                 207 
                 9 
                 207 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 35.0 
                 48.4 
                 35.0 
                 42.6 
                 35.0 
                 33.3 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 340 
                 462 
                 340 
                 467 
                 340 
                 325 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 877 
                 831 
                 877 
                 785 
                 877 
                 595 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2540 
                 6590 
                 2050 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 26 
                 363 
                 31 
                 363 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 26 
                 141 
                 31 
                 141 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 0.76 
                 0.57 
                 0.55 
                 0.67 
                 0.54 
                 0.52 
                 0.68 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.12 
                 0.060 
                 0.053 
                 0.100 
                 0.055 
                 0.072 
                 0.11 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.15 
                 0.026 
                 0.23 
                 0.33 
                 0.079 
                 0.48 
                 0.80 
                 0.10 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 33 
                 9 
                 31 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 12.9 
                 66.5 
                 12.9 
                 9.43 
                 36.9 
                 13.4 
                 12.6 
                 81.7 
                 12.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 62% 
                 34% 
                 27% 
                 53% 
                 34% 
                 35% 
                 66% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 11.0 
                 66.5 
                 11.0 
                 7.79 
                 10.0 
                 7.79 
                 7.88 
                 23.6 
                 7.88 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 89% 
                 84% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 32% 
                 62% 
                 29% 
                 23% 
                 29% 
                 20% 
                 24% 
                 46% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 5.33 
                 63.4 
                 5.33 
                 6.01 
                 8.19 
                 6.01 
                 3.33 
                 11.9 
                 3.23 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 61% 
                 13% 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                 14% 
                 11% 
                 32% 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 107 
                 107 
                 122 
                 107 
                 107 
                 122 
                 107 
                 107 
                 122 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 67% 
                 42% 
                 39% 
                 56% 
                 39% 
                 35% 
                 57% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 196 
                 207 
                 219 
                 196 
                 207 
                 219 
                 196 
                 207 
                 219 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 50% 
                 31% 
                 36% 
                 44% 
                 35% 
                 29% 
                 43% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 847 
                 832 
                 847 
                 847 
                 832 
                 847 
                 847 
                 832 
                 847 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                 15% 
                 33% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.4 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.8 
                 0.86 
                 1.0 
                 0.53 
                 0.99 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.36 
                 0.78 
                 1.0 
                 0.27 
                 0.99 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.51 
                 0.30 
                 0.062 
                 0.17 
                 0.24 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 9.5 
                 na 
                 6.4 
                 2.5 
                 16 
                 1.6 
                 4.1 
                 na 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.7 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 1.3 
                 0.74 
                 3.0 
                 0.64 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.73 
                 0.58 
                 0.34 
                 0.42 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.39 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.33 
                 0.25 
                 0.31 
                 0.22 
                 0.24 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.2 
                 na 
                 4.9 
                 2.2 
                 30 
                 1.9 
                 4.1 
                 na 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.9 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 2.6 
                 1.5 
                 4.1 
                 1.2 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;4.1 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.040 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.11 
                 0.36 
                 0.21 
                 0.65 
                 0.74 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.80 
                 0.61 
                 0.45 
                 0.49 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 14 
                 na 
                 8.7 
                 3.9 
                 37 
                 3.1 
                 4.8 
                 na 
                 4.9 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 50400 
                 39800 
                 50400 
                 58900 
                 50400 
                 41500 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 55300 
                 61400 
                 55300 
                 69800 
                 55300 
                 47000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 52400 
                 45300 
                 52400 
                 105000 
                 52400 
                 24500 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 5570 
                 1.00E−9 
                 7200 
                 1.00E−9 
                 3380 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 546000 
                 159000 
                 546000 
                 573000 
                 546000 
                 96500 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 51000 
                 46700 
                 51000 
                 70000 
                 51000 
                 34500 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 57100 
                 62600 
                 57100 
                 71700 
                 57100 
                 45500 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 54600 
                 44700 
                 54600 
                 104000 
                 54600 
                 25700 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.26 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2360 
                 5570 
                 2360 
                 7200 
                 2360 
                 3380 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 546000 
                 159000 
                 546000 
                 573000 
                 546000 
                 96500 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.071 
                 nd 
                 0.072 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 0.82 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.78 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 31900 
                 nd 
                 34300 
                 33200 
                 nd 
                 36700 
                 31000 
                 nd 
                 30400 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 34% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 30000 
                 nd 
                 31000 
                 32800 
                 nd 
                 32800 
                 30400 
                 nd 
                 26500 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 21000 
                 nd 
                 19500 
                 21000 
                 nd 
                 20600 
                 25800 
                 nd 
                 25800 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.5 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.23 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 5.0 
                 5.5 
                 nd 
                 7.6 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 3.9 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.025 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 4.2 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 13 
                 8.8 
                 nd 
                 6.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 0.23 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.025 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.4 
                 nd 
                 4.9 
                 5.4 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 7.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.468 
                 0.662 
                 0.468 
                 0.233 
                 0.468 
                 0.376 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.612 
                 0.836 
                 0.612 
                 0.459 
                 0.612 
                 0.327 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.725 
                 0.783 
                 0.725 
                 0.645 
                 0.725 
                 0.276 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 0.11 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 000.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.44 
                 7.23 
                 0.740 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 437 
                 26 
                 437 
                 33 
                 437 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 26 
                 174 
                 33 
                 174 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.466 
                 0.938 
                 0.466 
                 0.540 
                 0.466 
                 0.423 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.590 
                 1.16 
                 0.590 
                 0.944 
                 0.590 
                 0.637 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.689 
                 0.613 
                 0.689 
                 1.15 
                 0.689 
                 0.807 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.046 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.596 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 2.03 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.43 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 535 
                 6 
                 535 
                 9 
                 535 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 207 
                 6 
                 207 
                 9 
                 207 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.466 
                 0.540 
                 0.466 
                 0.299 
                 0.466 
                 0.376 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.606 
                 0.780 
                 0.606 
                 0.448 
                 0.606 
                 0.435 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.735 
                 0.765 
                 0.735 
                 0.558 
                 0.735 
                 0.435 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.34 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.43 
                 7.23 
                 1.75 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 26 
                 363 
                 31 
                 363 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 26 
                 141 
                 31 
                 141 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.79 
                 0.58 
                 0.41 
                 0.56 
                 0.43 
                 0.39 
                 0.49 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.11 
                 0.060 
                 0.054 
                 0.100 
                 0.055 
                 0.074 
                 0.11 
                 0.073 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.086 
                 0.0085 
                 0.16 
                 0.10 
                 0.54 
                 0.22 
                 0.15 
                 0.92 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 33 
                 9 
                 31 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.406 
                 0.677 
                 0.406 
                 0 
                 0.336 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.406 
                 0.238 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 73% 
                 100%  
                 78% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 45% 
                 67% 
                 46% 
                  0% 
                 40% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 46% 
                 32% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.345 
                 0.677 
                 0.345 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.238 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 86% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 67% 
                 40% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 33% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0.595 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 61% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.740 
                 0.727 
                 0.702 
                 0.740 
                 0.727 
                 0.702 
                 0.740 
                 0.727 
                 0.702 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 50% 
                 38% 
                 21% 
                 33% 
                 23% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.03 
                 0.970 
                 1.01 
                 1.03 
                 0.970 
                 1.01 
                 1.03 
                 0.970 
                 1.01 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 50% 
                 23% 
                 12% 
                 22% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.40 
                 1.35 
                 1.35 
                 1.40 
                 1.35 
                 1.35 
                 1.40 
                 1.35 
                 1.35 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 33% 
                 15% 
                  9% 
                 22% 
                  6% 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.8 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;6.4 
                 1.0 
                 6.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.36 
                 0.75 
                 1.0 
                 0.54 
                 &lt;0.088 
                 1.00 
                 0.090 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.51 
                 0.36 
                 0.14 
                 0.44 
                 &gt;0.76 
                 0.062 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 6.3 
                 na 
                 6.4 
                 4.1 
                 7.2 
                 4.7 
                 na 
                 16 
                 54 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.8 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 2.1 
                 4.1 
                 1.0 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;9.8 
                 4.1 
                 6.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.37 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.24 
                 0.0074 
                 1.0 
                 0.27 
                 &lt;0.032 
                 0.21 
                 0.090 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.61 
                 1.5 
                 0.14 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;1.2 
                 0.45 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.3 
                 na 
                 7.2 
                 11 
                 7.2 
                 5.8 
                 na 
                 37 
                 54 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 1.8 
                 0.80 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 1.0 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.25 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 0.37 
                 0.74 
                 0.65 
                 0.18 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 1.00 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.51 
                 0.21 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.062 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.0 
                 na 
                 6.3 
                 3.1 
                 9.2 
                 6.5 
                 na 
                 16 
                 38 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1470 
                 1780 
                 1470 
                 1450 
                 1470 
                 1380 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1780 
                 2050 
                 1780 
                 1510 
                 1780 
                 1540 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2080 
                 1230 
                 2080 
                 697 
                 2080 
                 754 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.51 
                   
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 16.3 
                 797 
                 16.3 
                 256 
                 16.3 
                 418 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 22500 
                 6200 
                 22500 
                 3370 
                 22500 
                 2560 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1490 
                 1810 
                 1490 
                 1410 
                 1490 
                 1290 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1800 
                 2060 
                 1800 
                 1450 
                 1800 
                 1460 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 2180 
                 1230 
                 2180 
                 685 
                 2180 
                 727 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.61 
                   
                 0.43 
                   
                 0.57 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 391 
                 797 
                 391 
                 256 
                 391 
                 418 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 22500 
                 6200 
                 22500 
                 3370 
                 22500 
                 2560 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.088 
                 nd 
                 0.080 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1470 
                 nd 
                 1470 
                 1120 
                 nd 
                 1120 
                 1010 
                 nd 
                 1010 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1280 
                 nd 
                 1290 
                 1020 
                 nd 
                 1020 
                 990 
                 nd 
                 667 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 879 
                 nd 
                 879 
                 790 
                 nd 
                 784 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 661 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                  3% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1820 
                 nd 
                 1820 
                 1820 
                 nd 
                 1820 
                 1820 
                 nd 
                 1820 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2070 
                 nd 
                 2050 
                 2070 
                 nd 
                 2050 
                 2070 
                 nd 
                 2050 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2460 
                 nd 
                 2450 
                 2460 
                 nd 
                 2450 
                 2460 
                 nd 
                 2450 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.086 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 5.2 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.6 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.071 
                 nd 
                 0.086 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 6.4 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.8 
                 nd 
                 2.9 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 4.9 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.832 
                 1.01 
                 0.832 
                 0.785 
                 0.832 
                 0.775 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.85 
                 3.62 
                 3.85 
                 3.49 
                 3.85 
                 1.98 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 13.0 
                 8.92 
                 13.0 
                 9.04 
                 13.0 
                 4.75 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.58 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0602 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 120 
                 38.8 
                 120 
                 43.4 
                 120 
                 19.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 231 
                 18 
                 231 
                 26 
                 231 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 159 
                 18 
                 159 
                 26 
                 159 
                 15 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.867 
                 1.11 
                 0.867 
                 0.809 
                 0.867 
                 0.782 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.50 
                 3.74 
                 4.50 
                 3.52 
                 4.50 
                 2.08 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 14.7 
                 8.89 
                 14.7 
                 9.03 
                 14.7 
                 4.91 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.83 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.207 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0602 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 120 
                 38.8 
                 120 
                 43.4 
                 120 
                 19.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 203 
                 18 
                 203 
                 26 
                 203 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 135 
                 18 
                 135 
                 26 
                 135 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.073 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 0.079 
                 nd 
                 0.082 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
                 231 
                 nd 
                 203 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 18 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.533 
                 nd 
                 0.533 
                 0.310 
                 nd 
                 0.331 
                 0.503 
                 nd 
                 0.503 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.331 
                 nd 
                 0.398 
                 0.119 
                 nd 
                 0.119 
                 0.398 
                 nd 
                 0.360 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 10% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.206 
                 nd 
                 0.276 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.0866 
                 nd 
                 0.0866 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 93% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.76 
                 nd 
                 1.89 
                 1.76 
                 nd 
                 1.89 
                 1.76 
                 nd 
                 1.89 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 39% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.61 
                 nd 
                 2.80 
                 2.61 
                 nd 
                 2.80 
                 2.61 
                 nd 
                 2.80 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 5.09 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
                 5.09 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
                 5.09 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.7 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 7.6 
                 4.9 
                 nd 
                 5.0 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 3.8 
                 nd 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.28 
                 0.76 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 6.4 
                 3.7 
                 nd 
                 3.7 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 15 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.7 
                 nd 
                 8.8 
                 6.2 
                 nd 
                 6.3 
                 7.5 
                 nd 
                 9.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 135000 
                 147000 
                 135000 
                 133000 
                 135000 
                 121000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 134000 
                 146000 
                 134000 
                 135000 
                 134000 
                 121000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 38200 
                 38100 
                 38200 
                 49200 
                 38200 
                 41000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.39 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 11900 
                 90400 
                 11900 
                 51400 
                 11900 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 231000 
                 204000 
                 231000 
                 275000 
                 231000 
                 187000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 131 
                 7 
                 131 
                 21 
                 131 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 103 
                 7 
                 103 
                 21 
                 103 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 139000 
                 139000 
                 139000 
                 145000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 136000 
                 139000 
                 136000 
                 132000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 39400 
                 50400 
                 39400 
                 42300 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.71 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 11900 
                 51400 
                 11900 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 231000 
                 275000 
                 231000 
                 187000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 113 
                 21 
                 113 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 88 
                 21 
                 88 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.069 
                 nd 
                 0.069 
                 0.086 
                 nd 
                 0.092 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.84 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.86 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 131 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 131 
                 nd 
                 113 
                 131 
                 nd 
                 113 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 21 
                 nd 
                 21 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 11 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 132000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 114000 
                 nd 
                 114000 
                 114000 
                 nd 
                 116000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 77% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 116000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 96800 
                 nd 
                 92600 
                 91600 
                 nd 
                 114000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 85% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 88100 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82600 
                 nd 
                 82300 
                 47000 
                 nd 
                 91600 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 154000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 154000 
                 nd 
                 161000 
                 154000 
                 nd 
                 161000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 166000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 166000 
                 nd 
                 167000 
                 166000 
                 nd 
                 167000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 179000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 179000 
                 nd 
                 182000 
                 179000 
                 nd 
                 182000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
                 nd 
                 2.5 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 4.4 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.22 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
                 nd 
                 2.9 
                 41 
                 nd 
                 10 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.95 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 3.6 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 7.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23.9 
                 20.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 20.5 
                 20.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 43 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 24.4 
                 20.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 20.4 
                 20.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 40 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 37 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.096 
                 nd 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46 
                 nd 
                 40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 58 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5.1 
                 nd 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.021 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 52 
                 nd 
                 150 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
                 nd 
                 3.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 42 
                 nd 
                 43 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 35.0 
                 35.5 
                 35.0 
                 37.9 
                 35.0 
                 35.9 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 39.4 
                 39.2 
                 39.4 
                 39.2 
                 39.4 
                 38.6 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 18.4 
                 19.7 
                 18.4 
                 14.7 
                 18.4 
                 15.5 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 7.91 
                 13.0 
                 7.91 
                 15.7 
                 7.91 
                 13.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 82.6 
                 142 
                 79.0 
                 142 
                 74.9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 437 
                 26 
                 437 
                 33 
                 437 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 26 
                 174 
                 33 
                 174 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 34.8 
                 36.2 
                 34.8 
                 32.9 
                 34.8 
                 40.0 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 38.5 
                 35.6 
                 38.5 
                 37.6 
                 38.5 
                 41.9 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 18.0 
                 16.2 
                 18.0 
                 16.4 
                 18.0 
                 17.9 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                 0.88 
                   
                 0.62 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 7.56 
                 17.7 
                 7.56 
                 22.8 
                 7.56 
                 22.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 62.8 
                 142 
                 75.5 
                 142 
                 74.9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 535 
                 6 
                 535 
                 9 
                 535 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 207 
                 6 
                 207 
                 9 
                 207 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 35.2 
                 35.8 
                 35.2 
                 37.5 
                 35.2 
                 35.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 40.3 
                 39.4 
                 40.3 
                 39.2 
                 40.3 
                 37.8 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.1 
                 19.5 
                 19.1 
                 14.9 
                 19.1 
                 15.5 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.82 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.60 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 9.10 
                 13.0 
                 9.10 
                 15.7 
                 9.10 
                 13.0 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 82.6 
                 142 
                 79.0 
                 142 
                 74.9 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 26 
                 363 
                 31 
                 363 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 26 
                 141 
                 31 
                 141 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.46 
                 0.48 
                 0.53 
                 0.48 
                 0.51 
                 0.52 
                 0.57 
                 0.49 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.059 
                 0.12 
                 0.059 
                 0.053 
                 0.099 
                 0.054 
                 0.072 
                 0.11 
                 0.072 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.79 
                 0.76 
                 0.72 
                 0.61 
                 0.80 
                 0.80 
                 0.82 
                 0.55 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 33 
                 9 
                 31 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 25.7 
                 20.3 
                 25.8 
                 32.1 
                 26.1 
                 32.1 
                 32.0 
                 35.8 
                 31.9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 83% 
                 73% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 17% 
                  8% 
                 16% 
                 41% 
                 22% 
                 40% 
                 41% 
                 53% 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 21.8 
                 20.3 
                 22.5 
                 24.5 
                 24.7 
                 25.6 
                 24.2 
                 24.2 
                 23.7 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 89% 
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  8% 
                  8% 
                  7% 
                 14% 
                 18% 
                 16% 
                 12% 
                 16% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 16.5 
                 17.3 
                 16.2 
                 21.3 
                 22.7 
                 21.3 
                 19.1 
                 21.8 
                 18.8 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  3% 
                  5% 
                  2% 
                  7% 
                 12% 
                  5% 
                  5% 
                 10% 
                  3% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 43.5 
                 43.2 
                 43.9 
                 43.5 
                 43.2 
                 43.9 
                 43.5 
                 43.2 
                 43.9 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 31% 
                 17% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                 22% 
                 29% 
                 35% 
                 43% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 48.7 
                 48.7 
                 50.0 
                 48.7 
                 48.7 
                 50.0 
                 48.7 
                 48.7 
                 50.0 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                 17% 
                 23% 
                 24% 
                 11% 
                 26% 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 60.5 
                 58.7 
                 63.8 
                 60.5 
                 58.7 
                 63.8 
                 60.5 
                 58.7 
                 63.8 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 17% 
                 19% 
                  9% 
                 11% 
                  6% 
                  6% 
                 14% 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 3.1 
                 1.2 
                 0.31 
                 3.0 
                 0.60 
                 0.39 
                 0 
                 0.79 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 0.33 
                 0.77 
                 0.088 
                 0.34 
                 0.38 
                 0.26 
                 na 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 0.32 
                 0.41 
                 0.083 
                 0.31 
                 0.19 
                 0.073 
                 na 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.9 
                 30 
                 3.4 
                 1.2 
                 30 
                 1.9 
                 2.0 
                 na 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.56 
                 0 
                 0.27 
                 1.5 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.79 
                 1.5 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 na 
                 0.11 
                 0.37 
                 1.0 
                 0.62 
                 0.73 
                 0.65 
                 0.47 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.16 
                 na 
                 0.055 
                 0.62 
                 0.062 
                 0.48 
                 0.21 
                 0.25 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 na 
                 1.4 
                 3.7 
                 16 
                 3.4 
                 3.0 
                 9.2 
                 2.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 2.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.87 
                 4.1 
                 0.99 
                 1.2 
                 0.99 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.78 
                 0.57 
                 0.59 
                 0.79 
                 0.21 
                 0.98 
                 0.77 
                 0.99 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 0.18 
                 0.47 
                 0.32 
                 0.45 
                 0.36 
                 0.36 
                 0.14 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.3 
                 23 
                 3.7 
                 2.3 
                 37 
                 2.7 
                 4.1 
                 7.2 
                 3.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 1.82 
                 1.94 
                 1.87 
                 1.94 
                 2.30 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.20 
                 1.97 
                 2.20 
                 1.86 
                 2.20 
                 2.37 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.15 
                 1.23 
                 1.15 
                 1.08 
                 1.15 
                 1.25 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.33 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.54 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.396 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 4.43 
                 6.89 
                 3.73 
                 6.89 
                 4.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 437 
                 26 
                 437 
                 33 
                 437 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 26 
                 174 
                 33 
                 174 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 2.18 
                 1.94 
                 1.67 
                 1.94 
                 2.10 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.15 
                 2.27 
                 2.15 
                 1.96 
                 2.15 
                 2.20 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.15 
                 1.27 
                 1.15 
                 0.860 
                 1.15 
                 1.01 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.64 
                   
                 0.91 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.822 
                 0.0323 
                 0.836 
                 0.0323 
                 0.790 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 4.43 
                 6.89 
                 3.19 
                 6.89 
                 3.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 535 
                 6 
                 535 
                 9 
                 535 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 207 
                 6 
                 207 
                 9 
                 207 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 1.28 
                 1.94 
                 1.87 
                 1.94 
                 2.57 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.19 
                 1.78 
                 2.19 
                 1.85 
                 2.19 
                 2.58 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.19 
                 1.12 
                 1.19 
                 1.16 
                 1.19 
                 1.26 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.086 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.19 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.396 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
                 0.0323 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 4.00 
                 6.89 
                 3.97 
                 6.89 
                 4.43 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 363 
                 26 
                 363 
                 31 
                 363 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 141 
                 26 
                 141 
                 31 
                 141 
                 17 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.44 
                 0.53 
                 0.39 
                 0.44 
                 0.48 
                 0.44 
                 0.56 
                 0.53 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.060 
                 0.12 
                 0.060 
                 0.053 
                 0.098 
                 0.055 
                 0.073 
                 0.11 
                 0.074 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.28 
                 0.81 
                 0.061 
                 0.29 
                 0.82 
                 0.24 
                 0.42 
                 0.76 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
                 437 
                 535 
                 363 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 33 
                 9 
                 31 
                 17 
                 7 
                 17 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.885 
                 1.29 
                 0.885 
                 1.17 
                 1.52 
                 1.08 
                 1.65 
                 1.88 
                 1.77 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 77% 
                 83% 
                 77% 
                 73% 
                 78% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  9% 
                 24% 
                 10% 
                 18% 
                 33% 
                 14% 
                 38% 
                 49% 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.709 
                 1.29 
                 0.709 
                 0.822 
                 0.822 
                 0.822 
                 1.46 
                 1.08 
                 1.54 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 85% 
                 83% 
                 85% 
                 82% 
                 100%  
                 81% 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  6% 
                 24% 
                  6% 
                  8% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 28% 
                 16% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.532 
                 0.790 
                 0.532 
                 0.338 
                 0.822 
                 0.338 
                 0.778 
                 0.778 
                 0.752 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 96% 
                 100%  
                 96% 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  3% 
                 10% 
                  4% 
                  1% 
                 11% 
                  1% 
                  7% 
                 10% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.64 
                 2.66 
                 2.69 
                 2.64 
                 2.66 
                 2.69 
                 2.64 
                 2.66 
                 2.69 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 35% 
                 33% 
                 27% 
                 30% 
                 22% 
                 32% 
                 41% 
                 43% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
                 3.15 
                 3.10 
                 3.15 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 19% 
                 17% 
                 15% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 13% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
                 82% 
                 80% 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.80 
                 3.73 
                 3.83 
                 3.80 
                 3.73 
                 3.83 
                 3.80 
                 3.73 
                 3.83 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  8% 
                 17% 
                  4% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  3% 
                 18% 
                  0% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.70 
                 0.50 
                 0.83 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 0.49 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.56 
                 0.57 
                 0.77 
                 0.99 
                 1.0 
                 0.98 
                 0.71 
                 0.57 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.22 
                 0.044 
                 0.25 
                 0.34 
                 0.14 
                 0.34 
                 0.29 
                 0.044 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.3 
                 5.5 
                 2.8 
                 3.0 
                 7.2 
                 3.0 
                 6.1 
                 5.5 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.41 
                 1.0 
                 0.32 
                 1.2 
                 1.5 
                 0.85 
                 1.0 
                 0.50 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 1.0 
                 0.17 
                 0.79 
                 0.65 
                 0.77 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.10 
                 0.14 
                 0.064 
                 0.40 
                 0.25 
                 0.27 
                 0.20 
                 0.044 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 7.2 
                 1.6 
                 3.3 
                 9.2 
                 2.6 
                 5.1 
                 5.5 
                 11 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 0.49 
                 2.4 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 1.7 
                 2.4 
                 1.5 
                 3.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 0.57 
                 0.094 
                 0.32 
                 1.0 
                 0.32 
                 0.21 
                 0.66 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.62 
                 0.044 
                 0.86 
                 0.61 
                 0.14 
                 0.62 
                 0.60 
                 0.25 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.4 
                 5.5 
                 6.5 
                 4.4 
                 7.2 
                 4.5 
                 9.5 
                 9.1 
                 18 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 7: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected within 12 hours of reaching stage R from Cohort 1 (patients that reached, but did not progress beyond, RIFLE stage R) and from Cohort 2 (patients that reached RIFLE stage I or F). 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 555 
                 576 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 565 
                 571 
               
               
                 Average 
                 595 
                 567 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 616 
                 530 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 235 
                 163 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 261 
                 152 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.25 
               
               
                 Min 
                 242 
                 211 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 242 
                 211 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 877 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1640 
                 748 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.079 
                 nd 
                 0.091 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 41 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 529 
                 nd 
                 525 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 455 
                 nd 
                 372 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 84% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 242 
                 nd 
                 242 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 95% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 652 
                 nd 
                 727 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 734 
                 nd 
                 824 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 881 
                 nd 
                 917 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 13 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.028 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 9.1 
                 nd 
                 130 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 3.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 39 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 3.9 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
                 43 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr only 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Co- 
                 Co- 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 hort 1 
                 hort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 45300 
                 53200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 50400 
                 54600 
               
               
                 Average 
                 49800 
                 49500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 52800 
                 49600 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 37600 
                 22200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 40500 
                 23200 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.78 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2360 
                 10400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2360 
                 10400 
               
               
                 Max 
                 219000 
                 77000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 219000 
                 77000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.079 
                 nd 
                 0.091 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.77 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 41 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29900 
                 nd 
                 29900 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 24900 
                 nd 
                 24900 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 84% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 14700 
                 nd 
                 14700 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 95% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 72800 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.77 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.7 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 10.0 
                 nd 
                 26 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.034 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.5 
                 nd 
                 5.3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2  
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.443 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.340 
                 0.250 
                 0.168 
                 1.16 
                 0.378 
                 0.226 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.525 
                 0.356 
                 0.241 
                 1.11 
                 0.561 
                 0.284 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.46 
                   
                 0.0013 
                   
                 0.30 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.340 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1.95 
                 1.44 
                 0.662 
                 3.31 
                 1.95 
                 0.702 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 55 
                 22 
                 18 
                 7 
                 46 
                 16 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 55 
                 22 
                 18 
                 7 
                 46 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.86 
                 0.47 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 0.097 
                 0.085 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.97 
                 2.2E−4 
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 55 
                 18 
                 46 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 22 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0.389 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 71% 
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 78% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0.380 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 86% 
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 78% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0.00841 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 67% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.466 
                 0.351 
                 0.525 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 18% 
                 86% 
                 25% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.662 
                 0.466 
                 0.864 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 43% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.23 
                 0.579 
                 1.31 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 43% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.4 
                 &gt;0 
                 2.6 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.039 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.21 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.57 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 18 
                 na 
                 12 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 &gt;12 
                 1.4 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 &lt;0.073 
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.32 
                 &gt;0.80 
                 0.29 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.4 
                 na 
                 6.4 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.75 
                 &gt;4.5 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.73 
                 &lt;0.26 
                 na 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 &gt;0.34 
                 na 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.9 
                 na 
                 na 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1350 
                 1380 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1360 
                 1380 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1960 
                 1480 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2080 
                 1490 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3040 
                 677 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3380 
                 717 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.52 
               
               
                 Min 
                 391 
                 438 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 391 
                 438 
               
               
                 Max 
                 22500 
                 3290 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 22500 
                 3290 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.49 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.090 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.93 
                 nd 
                 0.94 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 41 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1020 
                 nd 
                 1110 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1010 
                 nd 
                 1010 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 84% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 32% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 709 
                 nd 
                 888 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 95% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1800 
                 nd 
                 1750 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2210 
                 nd 
                 2160 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2460 
                 nd 
                 2910 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.4 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.93 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 21 
                 nd 
                 11 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.9 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 9.6 
                 nd 
                 8.2 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.1 
                 nd 
                 0.67 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.94 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.093 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.2 
                 nd 
                 4.8 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Co- 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 hort 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.618 
                 0.787 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.617 
                 0.539 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.58 
                 1.20 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.28 
                 0.902 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 6.32 
                 1.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6.41 
                 1.48 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0915 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 39.8 
                 5.83 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 39.8 
                 5.83 
               
               
                 n 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                 (Samp) 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 41 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.078 
                 nd 
                 0.091 
               
               
                   
                 P 
                 0.87 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 41 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 19 
                 nd 
                 14 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.449 
                 nd 
                 0.119 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.126 
                 nd 
                 0.0915 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 84% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0915 
                 nd 
                 0.0866 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 95% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.42 
                 nd 
                 1.17 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.12 
                 nd 
                 1.67 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                 11% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4.68 
                 nd 
                 2.80 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.049 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 8.8 
                 nd 
                 8.3 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 3.8 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 24 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 2.33 
                 1.84 
                 1.90 
                 2.45 
                 2.24 
                 1.89 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.33 
                 1.79 
                 1.96 
                 2.16 
                 2.34 
                 1.80 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.16 
                 0.669 
                 1.05 
                 0.955 
                 1.15 
                 0.706 
               
               
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.046 
                   
                 0.67 
                   
                 0.085 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.367 
                 0.367 
                 0.367 
                 0.890 
                 0.563 
                 0.367 
               
               
                 Max 
                 5.08 
                 2.91 
                 3.98 
                 3.38 
                 5.08 
                 2.91 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 55 
                 22 
                 18 
                 7 
                 46 
                 16 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 55 
                 22 
                 18 
                 7 
                 46 
                 16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 AUC 
                 0.37 
                 0.57 
                 0.38 
               
               
                   
                 SE 
                 0.073 
                 0.13 
                 0.085 
               
               
                   
                 p 
                 0.081 
                 0.61 
                 0.16 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 1 
                 55 
                 18 
                 46 
               
               
                   
                 nCohort 2 
                 22 
                 7 
                 16 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.43 
                 1.55 
                 1.29 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 1 
                 25% 
                 44% 
                 20% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.17 
                 0.890 
                 1.17 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 86% 
                 81% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 22% 
                 15% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.885 
                 0.885 
                 0.822 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 94% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                 22% 
                  9% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.97 
                 2.66 
                 2.91 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 4 
                  0% 
                 43% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 72% 
                 72% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3.19 
                 2.97 
                 3.37 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 5 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                   
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.89 
                 3.18 
                 3.89 
               
               
                   
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                  0% 
               
               
                   
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 94% 
                 91% 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 11 
                 0.40 
                 7.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.033 
                 0.51 
                 0.085 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.2 
                 0.026 
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 2 
                 100 
                 6.2 
                 74 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 14 
                 1.0 
                 6.8 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.020 
                 1.0 
                 0.099 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 1.5 
                 0.091 
                 0.69 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 3 
                 130 
                 11 
                 67 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.8 
                 0.80 
                 7.5 
               
               
                   
                 p Value 
                 0.057 
                 0.85 
                 0.085 
               
               
                   
                 95% CI of 
                 0.94 
                 0.076 
                 0.76 
               
               
                   
                 OR Quart 4 
                 82 
                 8.5 
                 74 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 8: Comparison of the maximum marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0) and the maximum values in EDTA samples collected from subjects between enrollment and 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to reaching stage F in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 582 
                 628 
                 582 
                 619 
                 582 
                 697 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 572 
                 632 
                 572 
                 632 
                 572 
                 677 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 170 
                 173 
                 170 
                 183 
                 170 
                 111 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.28 
                   
                 0.30 
                   
                 0.14 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 307 
                 22.9 
                 307 
                 22.9 
                 518 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 987 
                 999 
                 987 
                 999 
                 987 
                 806 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 579 
                 655 
                 579 
                 655 
                 579 
                 697 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 586 
                 656 
                 586 
                 656 
                 586 
                 677 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 153 
                 198 
                 153 
                 198 
                 153 
                 111 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.23 
                   
                 0.15 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 270 
                 307 
                 270 
                 307 
                 270 
                 518 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 987 
                 999 
                 987 
                 999 
                 987 
                 806 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.099 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 583 
                 nd 
                 583 
                 583 
                 nd 
                 583 
                 583 
                 nd 
                 583 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 51% 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 51% 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 51% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 545 
                 nd 
                 545 
                 545 
                 nd 
                 545 
                 583 
                 nd 
                 583 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 51% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 485 
                 nd 
                 305 
                 485 
                 nd 
                 305 
                 516 
                 nd 
                 514 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 664 
                 nd 
                 676 
                 664 
                 nd 
                 676 
                 664 
                 nd 
                 676 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 709 
                 nd 
                 711 
                 709 
                 nd 
                 711 
                 709 
                 nd 
                 711 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 775 
                 nd 
                 773 
                 775 
                 nd 
                 773 
                 775 
                 nd 
                 773 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.7 
                 nd 
                 24 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 24 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.062 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 42 
                 nd 
                 25 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 591000 
                 1140000 
                 591000 
                 782000 
                 591000 
                 1260000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 851000 
                 1870000 
                 851000 
                 1890000 
                 851000 
                 2680000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 790000 
                 2460000 
                 790000 
                 2590000 
                 790000 
                 3160000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0035 
                   
                 0.0043 
                   
                 6.3E−5 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 133000 
                 253000 
                 133000 
                 253000 
                 133000 
                 174000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5190000 
                 8110000 
                 5190000 
                 8110000 
                 5190000 
                 8110000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 587000 
                 1260000 
                 587000 
                 1260000 
                 587000 
                 1260000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 771000 
                 2300000 
                 771000 
                 2260000 
                 771000 
                 2680000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 534000 
                 2790000 
                 534000 
                 2800000 
                 534000 
                 3160000 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−5 
                   
                 3.5E−5 
                   
                 2.9E−6 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 154000 
                 253000 
                 154000 
                 253000 
                 154000 
                 174000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 2560000 
                 8110000 
                 2560000 
                 8110000 
                 2560000 
                 8110000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.099 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 407000 
                 nd 
                 398000 
                 407000 
                 nd 
                 398000 
                 392000 
                 nd 
                 392000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 24% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 392000 
                 nd 
                 392000 
                 392000 
                 nd 
                 392000 
                 392000 
                 nd 
                 392000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 353000 
                 nd 
                 230000 
                 353000 
                 nd 
                 230000 
                 154000 
                 nd 
                 154000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 23% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                  1% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 876000 
                 nd 
                 949000 
                 876000 
                 nd 
                 949000 
                 876000 
                 nd 
                 949000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1160000 
                 nd 
                 1130000 
                 1160000 
                 nd 
                 1130000 
                 1160000 
                 nd 
                 1130000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1760000 
                 nd 
                 1440000 
                 1760000 
                 nd 
                 1440000 
                 1760000 
                 nd 
                 1440000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.039 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.039 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 5.4 
                 9.8 
                 nd 
                 5.4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.6 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
                 2.7 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
                 4.4 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.26 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 20 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 42 
                 nd 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 145000 
                 184000 
                 145000 
                 175000 
                 145000 
                 164000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 149000 
                 179000 
                 149000 
                 177000 
                 149000 
                 181000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 44100 
                 48500 
                 44100 
                 50700 
                 44100 
                 47800 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.035 
                   
                 0.057 
                   
                 0.086 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 71000 
                 81400 
                 71000 
                 81400 
                 71000 
                 126000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 149000 
                 175000 
                 149000 
                 175000 
                 149000 
                 164000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 148000 
                 187000 
                 148000 
                 186000 
                 148000 
                 181000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 43800 
                 42900 
                 43800 
                 42700 
                 43800 
                 47800 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.019 
                   
                 0.019 
                   
                 0.078 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 71000 
                 126000 
                 71000 
                 126000 
                 71000 
                 126000 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
                 245000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.093 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.097 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.044 
                 nd 
                 0.031 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.031 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 160000 
                 nd 
                 159000 
                 160000 
                 nd 
                 159000 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 63% 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 63% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 53% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 53% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 53% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 53% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 125000 
                 nd 
                 125000 
                 125000 
                 nd 
                 125000 
                 125000 
                 nd 
                 125000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 177000 
                 nd 
                 173000 
                 177000 
                 nd 
                 173000 
                 177000 
                 nd 
                 173000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 194000 
                 nd 
                 193000 
                 194000 
                 nd 
                 193000 
                 194000 
                 nd 
                 193000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 207000 
                 nd 
                 205000 
                 207000 
                 nd 
                 205000 
                 207000 
                 nd 
                 205000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.059 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 &gt;0.059 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.062 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 17 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.5 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.17 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.50 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.50 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 43 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 42 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.9 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 4.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 54 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 42 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 39.6 
                 298 
                 39.6 
                 298 
                 39.6 
                 105 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 361 
                 834 
                 361 
                 726 
                 361 
                 186 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1020 
                 1060 
                 1020 
                 860 
                 1020 
                 210 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.088 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 6590 
                 570 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 41.6 
                 935 
                 41.6 
                 935 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 374 
                 1260 
                 374 
                 1180 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 950 
                 1240 
                 950 
                 1190 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.021 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 82.4 
                 0.0604 
                 71.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 41.8 
                 146 
                 41.8 
                 146 
                 41.8 
                 65.4 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 422 
                 681 
                 422 
                 571 
                 422 
                 119 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1160 
                 1160 
                 1160 
                 894 
                 1160 
                 164 
               
               
                   
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.50 
                   
                 0.70 
                   
                 0.52 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 2.02 
                 2.07 
                 2.02 
                 2.07 
                 2.02 
                 2.07 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 6590 
                 439 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.74 
                 0.85 
                 0.63 
                 0.73 
                 0.82 
                 0.63 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.074 
                 0.086 
                 0.099 
                 0.075 
                 0.092 
                 0.099 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.0011 
                 5.4E−5 
                 0.18 
                 0.0025 
                 4.2E−4 
                 0.20 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.86 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 nd 
                 91 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 143 
                 228 
                 74.2 
                 75.8 
                 228 
                 74.2 
                 47.1 
                 nd 
                 12.6 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 72% 
                 79% 
                 60% 
                 63% 
                 79% 
                 60% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 75.8 
                 207 
                 59.4 
                 66.5 
                 79.9 
                 44.2 
                 12.6 
                 nd 
                 12.6 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 63% 
                 78% 
                 58% 
                 62% 
                 59% 
                 54% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 19% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 12.6 
                 79.9 
                 12.6 
                 12.6 
                 66.5 
                 12.6 
                 2.02 
                 nd 
                 2.02 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 25% 
                 59% 
                 19% 
                 25% 
                 58% 
                 19% 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  1% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 110 
                 151 
                 149 
                 110 
                 151 
                 149 
                 110 
                 nd 
                 149 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 75% 
                 88% 
                 40% 
                 69% 
                 75% 
                 40% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 179 
                 304 
                 304 
                 179 
                 304 
                 304 
                 179 
                 nd 
                 304 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 62% 
                 62% 
                 40% 
                 56% 
                 62% 
                 40% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 762 
                 847 
                 762 
                 762 
                 847 
                 762 
                 762 
                 nd 
                 762 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 31% 
                 50% 
                 20% 
                 31% 
                 50% 
                 20% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 &gt;0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 &gt;0 
                 0 
                 0.97 
                 nd 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 &lt;na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 &lt;na 
                 na 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 &gt;na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 &gt;na 
                 na 
                 0.058 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.1 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 2.2 
                 2.8 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 2.2 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 0.39 
                 0.24 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 0.39 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.36 
                 0.50 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.36 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 13 
                 na 
                 13 
                 16 
                 na 
                 13 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.6 
                 &gt;8.2 
                 2.1 
                 5.7 
                 &gt;6.9 
                 2.1 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.022 
                 &lt;0.053 
                 0.42 
                 0.037 
                 &lt;0.080 
                 0.42 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;0.97 
                 0.35 
                 1.1 
                 &gt;0.79 
                 0.35 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 33 
                 na 
                 13 
                 29 
                 na 
                 13 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 26 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 60700 
                 70000 
                 60700 
                 70000 
                 60700 
                 70000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 55700 
                 116000 
                 55700 
                 115000 
                 55700 
                 63900 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 32900 
                 153000 
                 32900 
                 162000 
                 32900 
                 22200 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.0010 
                   
                 0.0022 
                   
                 0.55 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 39300 
                 1.00E−9 
                 37500 
                 1.00E−9 
                 31900 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 95500 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 70000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 57500 
                 138000 
                 57500 
                 126000 
                 57500 
                 63900 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 32200 
                 177000 
                 32200 
                 181000 
                 32200 
                 22200 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 3.1E−4 
                   
                 0.0021 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 7000 
                 47700 
                 7000 
                 37500 
                 7000 
                 31900 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 573000 
                 251000 
                 95500 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.092 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 0.097 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.025 
                 nd 
                 0.026 
                 0.077 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 62700 
                 nd 
                 62700 
                 62700 
                 nd 
                 45900 
                 45600 
                 nd 
                 45600 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 53% 
                 nd 
                 48% 
                 53% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 55400 
                 nd 
                 55400 
                 45900 
                 nd 
                 45600 
                 45600 
                 nd 
                 45600 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 47% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 45600 
                 nd 
                 45600 
                 45600 
                 nd 
                 36700 
                 31900 
                 nd 
                 31900 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.6 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;6.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;5.9 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.11 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.98 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.67 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.64 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.644 
                 1.04 
                 0.644 
                 0.783 
                 0.644 
                 0.714 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.836 
                 1.26 
                 0.836 
                 0.941 
                 0.836 
                 0.799 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.997 
                 0.805 
                 0.997 
                 0.713 
                 0.997 
                 0.450 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.11 
                   
                 0.69 
                   
                 0.92 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.376 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.376 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.44 
                 7.23 
                 1.52 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.641 
                 1.12 
                 0.641 
                 0.824 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.778 
                 1.45 
                 0.778 
                 1.24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.876 
                 0.993 
                 0.876 
                 1.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.036 
                   
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.386 
                 0.00841 
                 0.299 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.592 
                 0.958 
                 0.592 
                 0.783 
                 0.592 
                 0.714 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.784 
                 1.27 
                 0.784 
                 0.920 
                 0.784 
                 0.748 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.03 
                 0.879 
                 1.03 
                 0.663 
                 1.03 
                 0.377 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.93 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.376 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.376 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.43 
                 7.23 
                 1.44 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 0.73 
                 0.70 
                 0.57 
                 0.63 
                 0.61 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.078 
                 0.10 
                 0.096 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.099 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.020 
                 0.025 
                 0.033 
                 0.36 
                 0.23 
                 0.25 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 nd 
                 91 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.708 
                 0.771 
                 0.771 
                 0.378 
                 0.378 
                 0.688 
                 0.437 
                 nd 
                 0.437 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 55% 
                 58% 
                 62% 
                 35% 
                 37% 
                 62% 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.678 
                 0.678 
                 0.688 
                 0.375 
                 0.336 
                 0.525 
                 0.378 
                 nd 
                 0.437 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 53% 
                 55% 
                 62% 
                 34% 
                 33% 
                 46% 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.378 
                 0.378 
                 0.592 
                 0.297 
                 0.298 
                 0.375 
                 0.375 
                 nd 
                 0.375 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 35% 
                 37% 
                 51% 
                 32% 
                 32% 
                 37% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.03 
                 0.987 
                 0.945 
                 1.03 
                 0.987 
                 0.945 
                 1.03 
                 nd 
                 0.945 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 62% 
                 50% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 40% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.25 
                 1.29 
                 1.20 
                 1.25 
                 1.29 
                 1.20 
                 1.25 
                 nd 
                 1.20 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 38% 
                 30% 
                 25% 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.77 
                 1.69 
                 1.80 
                 1.77 
                 1.69 
                 1.80 
                 1.77 
                 nd 
                 1.80 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 19% 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 25% 
                 10% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;4.4 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 &gt;2.2 
                 &gt;7.2 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 &gt;3.4 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 &lt;0.077 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.30 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.54 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.81 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;7.4 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 &gt;7.4 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 &gt;4.8 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.071 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.18 
                 &lt;0.071 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 &lt;0.18 
                 &lt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.30 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.84 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.49 
                 &gt;0.84 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.49 
                 &gt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;7.2 
                 &gt;4.4 
                 &gt;4.5 
                 &gt;4.4 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 &gt;3.3 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.077 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 &lt;1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.81 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.47 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1460 
                 1570 
                 1460 
                 1610 
                 1460 
                 1540 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1630 
                 1770 
                 1630 
                 1800 
                 1630 
                 1580 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 828 
                 936 
                 828 
                 958 
                 828 
                 441 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.60 
                   
                 0.53 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 16.3 
                 256 
                 16.3 
                 256 
                 16.3 
                 938 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5850 
                 3430 
                 5850 
                 3370 
                 5850 
                 2260 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 1510 
                 1540 
                 1510 
                 1540 
                 1510 
                 1540 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 1640 
                 1660 
                 1640 
                 1640 
                 1640 
                 1580 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 671 
                 940 
                 671 
                 918 
                 671 
                 441 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.94 
                   
                 0.99 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 504 
                 256 
                 504 
                 256 
                 504 
                 938 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5390 
                 3430 
                 5390 
                 3370 
                 5390 
                 2260 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 0.58 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.099 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.98 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1390 
                 nd 
                 1390 
                 1510 
                 nd 
                 1390 
                 1390 
                 nd 
                 1390 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1270 
                 nd 
                 909 
                 1390 
                 nd 
                 909 
                 1390 
                 nd 
                 1390 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 913 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 913 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 913 
                 nd 
                 909 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1790 
                 nd 
                 1830 
                 1790 
                 nd 
                 1830 
                 1790 
                 nd 
                 1830 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2010 
                 nd 
                 2010 
                 2010 
                 nd 
                 2010 
                 2010 
                 nd 
                 2010 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2450 
                 nd 
                 2380 
                 2450 
                 nd 
                 2380 
                 2450 
                 nd 
                 2380 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.039 
                 0.039 
                 nd 
                 0.039 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.7 
                 nd 
                 5.4 
                 5.4 
                 nd 
                 5.4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 32 
                 nd 
                 34 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 0.95 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 0.95 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.24 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 0.057 
                 nd 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 7.4 
                 9.8 
                 nd 
                 7.4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.466 
                 0.532 
                 0.466 
                 0.532 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 0.523 
                 0.515 
                 0.523 
                 0.515 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 0.290 
                 0.203 
                 0.290 
                 0.203 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.95 
                   
                 0.95 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.229 
                 0.273 
                 0.229 
                 0.273 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 1.56 
                 0.774 
                 1.56 
                 0.774 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.309 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.309 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.309 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.309 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.601 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.601 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.605 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.605 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.772 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.772 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 4.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.885 
                 0.291 
                 0.885 
                 0.117 
                 0.885 
                 0.761 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.23 
                 2.63 
                 2.23 
                 2.51 
                 2.23 
                 4.05 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 4.69 
                 5.80 
                 4.69 
                 6.12 
                 4.69 
                 7.46 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.79 
                   
                 0.86 
                   
                 0.38 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0602 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 39.5 
                 19.6 
                 39.5 
                 19.6 
                 39.5 
                 19.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 97 
                 11 
                 97 
                 10 
                 97 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.926 
                 0.875 
                 0.926 
                 0.219 
                 0.926 
                 0.761 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.74 
                 3.60 
                 3.74 
                 3.12 
                 3.74 
                 4.05 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 13.6 
                 6.64 
                 13.6 
                 6.79 
                 13.6 
                 7.46 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.98 
                   
                 0.90 
                   
                 0.96 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0133 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0133 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0133 
                 0.0602 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 120 
                 19.6 
                 120 
                 19.6 
                 120 
                 19.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 8 
                 86 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.29 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.68 
                 0.024 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
                 97 
                 nd 
                 86 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0760 
                 nd 
                 0.253 
                 0.0512 
                 nd 
                 0.0422 
                 0.115 
                 nd 
                 0.126 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0309 
                 nd 
                 0.126 
                 0.0309 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.115 
                 nd 
                 0.126 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  3% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                  3% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.0512 
                 nd 
                 0.0422 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.86 
                 nd 
                 1.97 
                 1.86 
                 nd 
                 1.97 
                 1.86 
                 nd 
                 1.97 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.38 
                 nd 
                 2.84 
                 2.38 
                 nd 
                 2.84 
                 2.38 
                 nd 
                 2.84 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4.99 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
                 4.99 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
                 4.99 
                 nd 
                 6.30 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.030 
                 nd 
                 0.031 
                 0.041 
                 nd 
                 0.042 
                 0.041 
                 nd 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 3.3 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 5.9 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 5.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.030 
                 nd 
                 0.029 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 4.6 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.96 
                 0.075 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.19 
                 0.86 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 5.8 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 18 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 122000 
                 119000 
                 122000 
                 119000 
                 122000 
                 118000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 127000 
                 123000 
                 127000 
                 122000 
                 127000 
                 115000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 32500 
                 48600 
                 32500 
                 46000 
                 32500 
                 61600 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.63 
                   
                 0.43 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 40800 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 203000 
                 204000 
                 203000 
                 186000 
                 203000 
                 181000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 51 
                 12 
                 51 
                 12 
                 51 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 51 
                 12 
                 51 
                 12 
                 51 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 136000 
                 119000 
                 136000 
                 119000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 133000 
                 126000 
                 133000 
                 123000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 39300 
                 48300 
                 39300 
                 42500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.66 
                   
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 11900 
                 55400 
                 11900 
                 55400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 231000 
                 204000 
                 231000 
                 186000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 101 
                 6 
                 101 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 101 
                 6 
                 101 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 138000 
                 115000 
                 138000 
                 115000 
                 138000 
                 118000 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 135000 
                 115000 
                 135000 
                 115000 
                 135000 
                 115000 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 33800 
                 51800 
                 33800 
                 51800 
                 33800 
                 61600 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.17 
                   
                 0.17 
                   
                 0.23 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 40800 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 38400 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 203000 
                 181000 
                 203000 
                 181000 
                 203000 
                 181000 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 47 
                 8 
                 47 
                 8 
                 47 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 47 
                 8 
                 47 
                 8 
                 47 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.48 
                 0.46 
                 0.39 
                 0.48 
                 0.45 
                 0.39 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.094 
                 0.12 
                 0.11 
                 0.094 
                 0.12 
                 0.11 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.83 
                 0.72 
                 0.34 
                 0.82 
                 0.66 
                 0.34 
                 0.78 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 51 
                 101 
                 47 
                 51 
                 101 
                 47 
                 51 
                 nd 
                 47 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 12 
                 6 
                 8 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 91600 
                 114000 
                 75500 
                 91600 
                 114000 
                 75500 
                 40800 
                 nd 
                 40800 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 75% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 16% 
                 34% 
                  4% 
                 16% 
                 34% 
                  4% 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 75500 
                 114000 
                 51400 
                 75500 
                 114000 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 nd 
                 40800 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 83% 
                 88% 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  4% 
                 34% 
                  2% 
                  4% 
                 34% 
                  2% 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 51400 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 51400 
                 51400 
                 40800 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  2% 
                  4% 
                  2% 
                  2% 
                  4% 
                  2% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 150000 
                 154000 
                 156000 
                 150000 
                 154000 
                 156000 
                 150000 
                 nd 
                 156000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 156000 
                 163000 
                 166000 
                 156000 
                 163000 
                 166000 
                 156000 
                 nd 
                 166000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 169000 
                 181000 
                 173000 
                 169000 
                 181000 
                 173000 
                 169000 
                 nd 
                 173000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 25% 
                 17% 
                 25% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.17 
                 0.059 
                 0.12 
                 0.17 
                 0.059 
                 0.12 
                 0.040 
                 nd 
                 0.040 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.9 
                 17 
                 8.3 
                 5.9 
                 17 
                 8.3 
                 6.2 
                 nd 
                 6.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.62 
                 3.2 
                 0 
                 0.62 
                 3.2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.63 
                 0.32 
                 na 
                 0.63 
                 0.32 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.089 
                 0.32 
                 na 
                 0.089 
                 0.32 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.3 
                 33 
                 na 
                 4.3 
                 33 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 2.7 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 2.7 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.60 
                 0.98 
                 0.31 
                 0.60 
                 0.98 
                 0.31 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.29 
                 0.062 
                 0.40 
                 0.29 
                 0.062 
                 0.40 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.6 
                 18 
                 18 
                 8.6 
                 18 
                 18 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 13 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 26.7 
                 38.2 
                 26.7 
                 38.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.6 
                 12.9 
                 19.6 
                 12.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.18 
                   
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 21.1 
                 1.00E−9 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 26 
                 6 
                 26 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 21.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.044 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.044 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.93 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.060 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.060 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 37.5 
                 33.1 
                 37.5 
                 31.2 
                 37.5 
                 35.2 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 42.5 
                 38.4 
                 42.5 
                 37.7 
                 42.5 
                 43.5 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 20.3 
                 18.1 
                 20.3 
                 17.3 
                 20.3 
                 21.9 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.44 
                   
                 0.38 
                   
                 0.89 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 14.0 
                 24.3 
                 14.0 
                 24.3 
                 14.0 
                 24.3 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 86.4 
                 142 
                 81.5 
                 142 
                 79.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 37.3 
                 27.4 
                 37.3 
                 27.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 41.6 
                 32.3 
                 41.6 
                 32.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 19.7 
                 8.71 
                 19.7 
                 8.68 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 14.0 
                 24.3 
                 14.0 
                 24.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 46.1 
                 142 
                 46.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 37.2 
                 37.7 
                 37.2 
                 37.0 
                 37.2 
                 42.1 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 42.5 
                 44.1 
                 42.5 
                 43.2 
                 42.5 
                 49.3 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 20.8 
                 20.5 
                 20.8 
                 19.7 
                 20.8 
                 22.5 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.81 
                   
                 0.92 
                   
                 0.44 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 14.0 
                 25.6 
                 14.0 
                 25.6 
                 14.0 
                 25.6 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 142 
                 86.4 
                 142 
                 81.5 
                 142 
                 79.0 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.40 
                 0.32 
                 0.52 
                 0.39 
                 0.32 
                 0.51 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.098 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.097 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.20 
                 0.098 
                 0.83 
                 0.17 
                 0.097 
                 0.95 
                 0.84 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 nd 
                 91 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 26.9 
                 26.9 
                 35.2 
                 26.9 
                 26.9 
                 31.9 
                 27.2 
                 nd 
                 31.9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 15% 
                 16% 
                 47% 
                 15% 
                 16% 
                 36% 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 25.6 
                 24.6 
                 29.7 
                 25.6 
                 24.6 
                 29.7 
                 25.3 
                 nd 
                 31.9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 26% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                 26% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 24.6 
                 24.2 
                 26.0 
                 24.6 
                 24.2 
                 26.0 
                 24.2 
                 nd 
                 25.3 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
                 11% 
                  8% 
                 12% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 47.7 
                 45.1 
                 47.7 
                 47.7 
                 45.1 
                 47.7 
                 47.7 
                 nd 
                 47.7 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 53.9 
                 51.6 
                 54.6 
                 53.9 
                 51.6 
                 54.6 
                 53.9 
                 nd 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 60.5 
                 nd 
                 60.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.9 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 1.0 
                 2.2 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 1.6 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.23 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 1.0 
                 0.38 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 0.64 
                 0.97 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.52 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.13 
                 0.38 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.24 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 16 
                 na 
                 7.7 
                 13 
                 na 
                 10 
                 7.9 
                 nd 
                 17 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0 
                 2.2 
                 1.6 
                 &gt;0 
                 1.6 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.39 
                 0.64 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.64 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.13 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.36 
                 0.24 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.24 
                 0.041 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.6 
                 na 
                 13 
                 10.0 
                 na 
                 10 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 25 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.4 
                 &gt;5.6 
                 0.96 
                 4.4 
                 &gt;5.6 
                 0.96 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.082 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 0.97 
                 0.082 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 0.97 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.83 
                 &gt;0.63 
                 0.12 
                 0.83 
                 &gt;0.63 
                 0.12 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 23 
                 na 
                 7.4 
                 23 
                 na 
                 7.4 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 2.45 
                 2.84 
                 2.45 
                 2.84 
                 2.45 
                 3.92 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.56 
                 3.02 
                 2.56 
                 2.85 
                 2.56 
                 3.55 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.30 
                 1.15 
                 1.30 
                 1.22 
                 1.30 
                 0.873 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.19 
                   
                 0.40 
                   
                 0.037 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 1.18 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 0.0323 
                 2.16 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 16 
                 110 
                 8 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 2.57 
                 2.61 
                 2.57 
                 2.61 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.63 
                 2.71 
                 2.63 
                 2.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.27 
                 1.11 
                 1.27 
                 1.20 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.85 
                   
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 1.32 
                 0.0323 
                 0.836 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 4.35 
                 6.89 
                 4.35 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 180 
                 8 
                 180 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 2.45 
                 3.84 
                 2.45 
                 3.30 
                 2.45 
                 3.92 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.52 
                 3.37 
                 2.52 
                 3.16 
                 2.52 
                 3.55 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 1.33 
                 1.08 
                 1.33 
                 1.20 
                 1.33 
                 0.904 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.054 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.065 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 1.18 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 0.0323 
                 2.16 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
                 5.87 
                 4.38 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 10 
                 91 
                 6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 0.52 
                 0.70 
                 0.58 
                 0.51 
                 0.66 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.096 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 0.098 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.16 
                 0.84 
                 0.040 
                 0.31 
                 0.92 
                 0.11 
                 0.019 
                 nd 
                 0.041 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 180 
                 91 
                 110 
                 nd 
                 91 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 16 
                 8 
                 10 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 2.15 
                 2.15 
                 2.87 
                 2.15 
                 2.15 
                 2.87 
                 2.72 
                 nd 
                 2.69 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 81% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 81% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 39% 
                 62% 
                 42% 
                 39% 
                 62% 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 2.15 
                 1.50 
                 2.69 
                 2.15 
                 1.50 
                 2.69 
                 2.69 
                 nd 
                 2.69 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                 22% 
                 56% 
                 42% 
                 22% 
                 56% 
                 57% 
                 nd 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.18 
                 1.18 
                 2.14 
                 0.563 
                 0.709 
                 2.14 
                 2.15 
                 nd 
                 2.14 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 14% 
                 43% 
                  6% 
                  6% 
                 43% 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 3.15 
                 3.16 
                 3.15 
                 3.15 
                 3.16 
                 3.15 
                 3.15 
                 nd 
                 3.15 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 44% 
                 25% 
                 60% 
                 38% 
                 25% 
                 50% 
                 62% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 74% 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 74% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3.58 
                 3.54 
                 3.58 
                 3.58 
                 3.54 
                 3.58 
                 3.58 
                 nd 
                 3.58 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 44% 
                 25% 
                 60% 
                 38% 
                 25% 
                 50% 
                 62% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 4.34 
                 4.20 
                 4.34 
                 4.34 
                 4.20 
                 4.34 
                 4.34 
                 nd 
                 4.34 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 12% 
                 12% 
                 10% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.97 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 0.13 
                 0.059 
                 0.18 
                 0.13 
                 0.059 
                 &gt;0.060 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.062 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.2 
                 7.4 
                 17 
                 5.2 
                 7.4 
                 17 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 2.1 
                 1.4 
                 1.0 
                 3.3 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.56 
                 0.69 
                 1.0 
                 0.32 
                 &lt;0.54 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.98 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.19 
                 0.13 
                 0.18 
                 0.28 
                 0.13 
                 0.32 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.062 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.4 
                 7.4 
                 25 
                 6.8 
                 7.4 
                 34 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.6 
                 1.0 
                 7.2 
                 2.2 
                 1.0 
                 5.7 
                 &gt;5.8 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.20 
                 1.0 
                 0.078 
                 0.31 
                 1.0 
                 0.12 
                 &lt;0.12 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.19 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.13 
                 0.80 
                 0.49 
                 0.13 
                 0.62 
                 &gt;0.63 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.47 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 11 
                 7.4 
                 65 
                 9.5 
                 7.4 
                 53 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 9: Comparison of marker levels in urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0, R, or I) and in urine samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects who progress to RIFLE stage F) at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to the subject reaching RIFLE stage I. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.354 
                 1.27 
                 0.354 
                 1.27 
                 0.354 
                 0.601 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 3.44 
                 10.7 
                 3.44 
                 40.4 
                 3.44 
                 0.697 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 24.3 
                 31.3 
                 24.3 
                 96.7 
                 24.3 
                 0.509 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.29 
                   
                  7.3E−8 
                   
                 0.77 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.198 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 1.60 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 927 
                 13 
                 927 
                 16 
                 927 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 344 
                 13 
                 344 
                 16 
                 344 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.369 
                 1.69 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 4.37 
                 20.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 28.1 
                 42.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 510 
                 115 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 964 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 354 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 0.370 
                 1.13 
                 0.370 
                 2.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 2.58 
                 16.2 
                 2.58 
                 46.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 15.1 
                 39.8 
                 15.1 
                 103 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.014 
                   
                  1.9E−15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.130 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 235 
                 115 
                 235 
                 368 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 795 
                 8 
                 795 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 8 
                 263 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 0.77 
                 0.68 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.082 
                 0.10 
                 0.11 
                 0.072 
                 nd 
                 0.077 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.020 
                 0.0096 
                 0.082 
                 7.5E−4 
                 nd 
                 0.0028 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 927 
                 964 
                 795 
                 927 
                 nd 
                 795 
                 927 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 13 
                 7 
                 8 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.406 
                 1.34 
                 0.405 
                 0.540 
                 nd 
                 0.539 
                 0.448 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 54% 
                 79% 
                 52% 
                 61% 
                 nd 
                 58% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.213 
                 1.27 
                 0.213 
                 0.525 
                 nd 
                 0.284 
                 0.211 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 85% 
                 86% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 35% 
                 78% 
                 35% 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.129 
                 0.0328 
                 0.129 
                 0.204 
                 nd 
                 0.204 
                 0.196 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 23% 
                 12% 
                 22% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.776 
                 0.831 
                 0.839 
                 0.776 
                 nd 
                 0.839 
                 0.776 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 69% 
                 86% 
                 62% 
                 69% 
                 nd 
                 64% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.32 
                 1.43 
                 1.36 
                 1.32 
                 nd 
                 1.36 
                 1.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 46% 
                 57% 
                 38% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.24 
                 3.71 
                 3.24 
                 3.24 
                 nd 
                 3.24 
                 3.24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 23% 
                 43% 
                 25% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.50 
                 0 
                 1.00 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 na 
                 1.00 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.045 
                 na 
                 0.062 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.5 
                 na 
                 16 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 22 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 2.0 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 0.57 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 na 
                 0.18 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 7.2 
                 na 
                 22 
                 29 
                 nd 
                 29 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.1 
                 6.1 
                 4.0 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8.2 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.076 
                 0.095 
                 0.21 
                 0.026 
                 nd 
                 0.048 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.86 
                 0.73 
                 0.45 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 20 
                 51 
                 36 
                 82 
                 nd 
                 67 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 71.9 
                 192 
                 71.9 
                 355 
                 71.9 
                 44.5 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 239 
                 317 
                 239 
                 628 
                 239 
                 69.5 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 482 
                 388 
                 482 
                 729 
                 482 
                 71.3 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.56 
                   
                 0.0016 
                   
                 0.35 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.43 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 14.5 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7440 
                 1230 
                 7440 
                 2780 
                 7440 
                 202 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 937 
                 13 
                 937 
                 16 
                 937 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 344 
                 13 
                 344 
                 16 
                 344 
                 7 
               
               
                   
                 sCr only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 73.6 
                 289 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 261 
                 402 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 579 
                 427 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.43 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 8120 
                 1230 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 974 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 354 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
                 Median 
                 76.6 
                 138 
                 76.6 
                 493 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Average 
                 244 
                 355 
                 244 
                 698 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Stdev 
                 490 
                 491 
                 490 
                 756 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 p (t-test) 
                   
                 0.52 
                   
                  6.9E−4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 23.9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 Max 
                 7440 
                 1230 
                 7440 
                 2780 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Samp) 
                 804 
                 8 
                 804 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 8 
                 263 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.66 
                 0.60 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.084 
                 0.11 
                 0.11 
                 0.074 
                 nd 
                 0.079 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.13 
                 0.17 
                 0.34 
                 0.0063 
                 nd 
                 0.0086 
                 0.47 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 937 
                 974 
                 804 
                 937 
                 nd 
                 804 
                 937 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 13 
                 7 
                 8 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 38.4 
                 257 
                 38.4 
                 157 
                 nd 
                 257 
                 30.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 36% 
                 76% 
                 35% 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 76% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 30.4 
                 30.5 
                 30.4 
                 114 
                 nd 
                 5.62 
                 15.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 85% 
                 86% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 33% 
                 33% 
                 32% 
                 62% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 23.7 
                 2.42 
                 23.7 
                 1.90 
                 nd 
                 1.74 
                 14.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 29% 
                  7% 
                 28% 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 179 
                 188 
                 190 
                 179 
                 nd 
                 190 
                 179 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 62% 
                 71% 
                 38% 
                 69% 
                 nd 
                 79% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 320 
                 332 
                 329 
                 320 
                 nd 
                 329 
                 320 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 31% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 57% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 645 
                 689 
                 642 
                 645 
                 nd 
                 642 
                 645 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 14% 
                 25% 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 0.062 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 29 
                 16 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.0 
                 0 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 na 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 29 
                 na 
                 na 
                 5.0 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.1 
                 5.1 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 3.4 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.095 
                 0.14 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 0.064 
                 nd 
                 0.064 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.73 
                 0.59 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.93 
                 nd 
                 0.93 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 51 
                 44 
                 na 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 13 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 87.9 
                 87.3 
                 87.9 
                 131 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 463 
                 140 
                 463 
                 580 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3170 
                 204 
                 3170 
                 1310 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.90 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 1.48 
                 5.40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 685 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 534 
                 10 
                 534 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 204 
                 10 
                 204 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 89.2 
                 49.9 
                 89.2 
                 63.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 508 
                 75.8 
                 508 
                 140 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3430 
                 79.2 
                 3430 
                 199 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.76 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2.78 
                 6.13 
                 2.78 
                 5.40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 239 
                 38800 
                 600 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 454 
                 7 
                 454 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 168 
                 7 
                 168 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.090 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 7 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 48.8 
                 nd 
                 48.8 
                 55.6 
                 nd 
                 18.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
                 32% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 11.0 
                 nd 
                 11.0 
                 19.0 
                 nd 
                 18.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6.00 
                 nd 
                 6.00 
                 18.3 
                 nd 
                 4.98 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  2% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 141 
                 nd 
                 141 
                 141 
                 nd 
                 141 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 191 
                 nd 
                 186 
                 191 
                 nd 
                 186 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 326 
                 nd 
                 326 
                 326 
                 nd 
                 326 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 1.00 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.045 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.29 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 6.1 
                 nd 
                 9.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.2 
                 30.4 
                 10.2 
                 30.4 
                 10.2 
                 4.85 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.6 
                 39.0 
                 19.6 
                 28.9 
                 19.6 
                 21.4 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 24.4 
                 42.6 
                 24.4 
                 22.0 
                 24.4 
                 24.4 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0051 
                   
                 0.13 
                   
                 0.85 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0108 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0366 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.636 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 56.8 
                 259 
                 57.6 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 928 
                 13 
                 928 
                 16 
                 928 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 344 
                 13 
                 344 
                 16 
                 344 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 10.5 
                 30.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 20.0 
                 40.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 24.5 
                 46.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.030 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0108 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 965 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 354 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11.7 
                 30.4 
                 11.7 
                 30.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 20.3 
                 46.2 
                 20.3 
                 30.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 24.4 
                 51.6 
                 24.4 
                 22.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0033 
                   
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.410 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0366 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259 
                 141 
                 259 
                 56.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 796 
                 8 
                 796 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 8 
                 263 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.63 
                 0.65 
                 0.64 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.084 
                 0.11 
                 0.11 
                 0.076 
                 nd 
                 0.081 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 0.20 
                 0.20 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 0.78 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 928 
                 965 
                 796 
                 928 
                 nd 
                 796 
                 928 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 13 
                 7 
                 8 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 5.99 
                 30.1 
                 5.99 
                 2.40 
                 nd 
                 30.1 
                 2.73 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 77% 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 42% 
                 67% 
                 40% 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 1.34 
                 9.72 
                 1.34 
                 0.734 
                 nd 
                 0.731 
                 1.07 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 85% 
                 86% 
                 88% 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 86% 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 23% 
                 49% 
                 22% 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0.401 
                 0.0106 
                 0.401 
                 0.0435 
                 nd 
                 0.186 
                 0.623 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 94% 
                 nd 
                 93% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 13% 
                  2% 
                 12% 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 nd 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 38% 
                 29% 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 79% 
                 78% 
                 78% 
                 79% 
                 nd 
                 78% 
                 79% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 32.9 
                 33.5 
                 33.5 
                 32.9 
                 nd 
                 33.5 
                 32.9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 38% 
                 29% 
                 38% 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 54.7 
                 56.0 
                 55.5 
                 54.7 
                 nd 
                 55.5 
                 54.7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 31% 
                 14% 
                 38% 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 94% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.66 
                 1.0 
                 0.50 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 1.0 
                 0.57 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.11 
                 0.062 
                 0.045 
                 0.027 
                 nd 
                 0.034 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2  
                 4.0 
                 16 
                 5.5 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.33 
                 3.0 
                 1.0 
                 1.3 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.34 
                 0.34 
                 1.0 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.034 
                 0.31 
                 0.14 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3  
                 3.2 
                 29 
                 7.2 
                 4.7 
                 nd 
                 6.1 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.4 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.22 
                 0.57 
                 0.65 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.60 
                 0.18 
                 0.25 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4  
                 9.3 
                 22 
                 9.1 
                 5.4 
                 nd 
                 8.2 
                 9.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0814 
                 0.115 
                 0.0814 
                 0.159 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.147 
                 0.353 
                 0.147 
                 0.240 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.49 
                   
                 0.090 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1.16 
                 1.12 
                 1.16 
                 0.787 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 534 
                 10 
                 534 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 204 
                 10 
                 204 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0798 
                 0.00336 
                 0.0798 
                 0.146 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.142 
                 0 
                 0.142 
                 0.271 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.15 
                   
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 0.00336 
                 0.917 
                 0.787 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 454 
                 7 
                 454 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 168 
                 7 
                 168 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.096 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 7 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.120 
                 nd 
                 0.119 
                 0.120 
                 nd 
                 0.119 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.164 
                 nd 
                 0.160 
                 0.164 
                 nd 
                 0.160 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.240 
                 nd 
                 0.240 
                 0.240 
                 nd 
                 0.240 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0  
                  &gt;6.3 
                 nd 
                  &gt;5.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na 
                   &lt;0.091 
                 nd 
                   &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na 
                   &gt;0.75 
                 nd 
                   &gt;0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                   na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                   na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 8.4 
                 nd 
                  &gt;7.5 
                 &gt;0  
                 nd 
                 &gt;0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.046 
                 nd 
                   &lt;0.061 
                 &lt;na 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                   &gt;0.91 
                 &gt;na 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 68 
                 nd 
                 na 
                   na 
                 nd 
                   na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0  
                  &gt;5.2 
                 nd 
                  &gt;3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;na 
                   &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
                   &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 &gt;na 
                   &gt;0.59 
                 nd 
                   &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                   na 
                   na 
                 nd 
                   na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage  
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage  
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.102 
                 0.250 
                 0.102 
                 0.394 
                 0.102 
                 0.0178 
               
               
                 Average 
                 30.2 
                 58.6 
                 30.2 
                 15.8 
                 30.2 
                 0.0944 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 631 
                 209 
                 631 
                 54.6 
                 631 
                 0.120 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.87 
                   
                 0.93 
                   
                 0.90 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 0.299 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 928 
                 13 
                 928 
                 16 
                 928 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 344 
                 13 
                 344 
                 16 
                 344 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.103 
                 0.250 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 29.4 
                 109 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 619 
                 285 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 965 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 354 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.107 
                 0.276 
                 0.107 
                 0.394 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 18.1 
                 94.6 
                 18.1 
                 18.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 482 
                 267 
                 482 
                 58.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.65 
                   
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 754 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 796 
                 8 
                 796 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 263 
                 8 
                 263 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.49 
                 0.53 
                 0.47 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.081 
                 0.11 
                 0.10 
                 0.076 
                 nd 
                 0.081 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.91 
                 0.78 
                 0.80 
                 0.080 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 928 
                 965 
                 796 
                 928 
                 nd 
                 796 
                 928 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 13 
                 7 
                 8 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.0734 
                 nd 
                 0.193 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.291 
                 0.302 
                 0.322 
                 0.291 
                 nd 
                 0.322 
                 0.291 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 46% 
                 43% 
                 50% 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 57% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.533 
                 0.558 
                 0.591 
                 0.533 
                 nd 
                 0.591 
                 0.533 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 38% 
                 29% 
                 25% 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 43% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.49 
                 1.63 
                 1.77 
                 1.49 
                 nd 
                 1.77 
                 1.49 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 15% 
                 29% 
                 12% 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.40 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 &gt;3.0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.076 
                 na 
                 na 
                 0.027 
                 nd 
                 0.034 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 2.1 
                 na 
                 na 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0 
                 0.33 
                 0 
                 0.75 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;1.0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 na 
                 0.034 
                 na 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.20 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 na 
                 3.2 
                 na 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 5.0 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.4 
                 &gt;3.1  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.76 
                 1.0 
                 1.0 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.22 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.36 
                 0.20 
                 0.25 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 4.0 
                 5.0 
                 4.1 
                 6.9 
                 nd 
                 9.3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Intercellular adhesion molecule 3 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00886 
                 0.00895 
                 0.00886 
                 0.0216 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0134 
                 0.0113 
                 0.0134 
                 0.168 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.0199 
                 0.00850 
                 0.0199 
                 0.476 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.78 
                   
                 3.8E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00111 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.255 
                 0.0249 
                 0.255 
                 1.52 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 334 
                 7 
                 334 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 191 
                 7 
                 191 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00885 
                 0.0269 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0132 
                 0.209 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0200 
                 0.530 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 2.5E−10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.00543 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.255 
                 1.52 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 293 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 161 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.097 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.87 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.054 
                 nd 
                 0.0031 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 334 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 334 
                 nd 
                 293 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.00759 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0114 
                 nd 
                 0.0170 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 59% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.00457 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00542 
                 nd 
                 0.0114 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.00485 
                 nd 
                 0.00542 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 35% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4  
                 0.0163 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0163 
                 nd 
                 0.0158 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5  
                 0.0210 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0210 
                 nd 
                 0.0209 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 62% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6  
                 0.0291 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.0291 
                 nd 
                 0.0291 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.1  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5.2 
                 nd 
                 &gt;5.3  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0823 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0823 
                 0.0261 
                 0.0823 
                 0.0926 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.714 
                 0.148 
                 0.714 
                 0.0617 
                 0.714 
                 0.167 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 4.66 
                 0.332 
                 4.66 
                 0.0869 
                 4.66 
                 0.205 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.66 
                   
                 0.58 
                   
                 0.76 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 83.3 
                 1.21 
                 83.3 
                 0.318 
                 83.3 
                 0.535 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 938 
                 13 
                 938 
                 16 
                 938 
                 7 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 345 
                 13 
                 345 
                 16 
                 345 
                 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0817 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.696 
                 0.0469 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 4.57 
                 0.102 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 83.3 
                 0.273 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 975 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 355 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0853 
                 0.0824 
                 0.0853 
                 0.0447 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.795 
                 0.230 
                 0.795 
                 0.0697 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 5.02 
                 0.410 
                 5.02 
                 0.0903 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.75 
                   
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 83.3 
                 1.21 
                 83.3 
                 0.318 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 805 
                 8 
                 805 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 264 
                 8 
                 264 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.34 
                 0.24 
                 0.43 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.083 
                 0.11 
                 0.11 
                 0.075 
                 nd 
                 0.081 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.052 
                 0.015 
                 0.52 
                 0.042 
                 nd 
                 0.095 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1  
                 938 
                 975 
                 805 
                 938 
                 nd 
                 805 
                 938 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2  
                 13 
                 7 
                 8 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 14 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 0.00264 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.169 
                 0.165 
                 0.190 
                 0.169 
                 nd 
                 0.190 
                 0.169 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 23% 
                 14% 
                 38% 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.341 
                 0.325 
                 0.369 
                 0.341 
                 nd 
                 0.369 
                 0.341 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.986 
                 0.980 
                 1.14 
                 0.986 
                 nd 
                 1.14 
                 0.986 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  8% 
                  0% 
                 12% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 na 
                 1.00 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.25 
                 na 
                 0.14 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.034 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 9.1 
                 na 
                 7.2 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 37 
                 3.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 0.062 
                 na 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3  
                 na 
                 16 
                 na 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 29 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.1 
                 5.1 
                 2.0 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 6.2 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.075 
                 0.14 
                 0.42 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.093 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of  
                 0.87 
                 0.59 
                 0.37 
                 0.88 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
                 0.20 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 20 
                 44 
                 11 
                 59 
                 nd 
                 52 
                 5.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.597 
                 1.01 
                 0.597 
                 0.688 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.635 
                 0.892 
                 0.635 
                 0.750 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.423 
                 0.525 
                 0.423 
                 0.297 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.059 
                   
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.58 
                 2.57 
                 1.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 534 
                 10 
                 534 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 204 
                 10 
                 204 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.613 
                 0.857 
                 0.613 
                 0.614 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.649 
                 0.716 
                 0.649 
                 0.714 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.425 
                 0.555 
                 0.425 
                 0.329 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.0129 
                 0.280 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.57 
                 1.58 
                 2.57 
                 1.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 454 
                 7 
                 454 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 168 
                 7 
                 168 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.095 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.059 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 534 
                 nd 
                 454 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 10 
                 nd 
                 7 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.846 
                 nd 
                 0.683 
                 0.540 
                 nd 
                 0.493 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 56% 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.683 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.493 
                 nd 
                 0.462 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 0.462 
                 nd 
                 0.278 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 34% 
                 nd 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.821 
                 nd 
                 0.821 
                 0.821 
                 nd 
                 0.821 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 57% 
                 36% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.973 
                 nd 
                 0.979 
                 0.973 
                 nd 
                 0.979 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.19 
                 nd 
                 1.24 
                 1.19 
                 nd 
                 1.24 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 7.2 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 9.1 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 10: Comparison of marker levels in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0, R, or I) and in EDTA samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects who progress to RIFLE stage F) at 0, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to the subject reaching RIFLE stage I. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 566 
                 621 
                 566 
                 655 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 575 
                 620 
                 575 
                 610 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 168 
                 96.7 
                 168 
                 166 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.48 
                   
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 489 
                 22.9 
                 307 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1640 
                 806 
                 1640 
                 763 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 306 
                 7 
                 306 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 7 
                 190 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 565 
                 655 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 579 
                 610 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 166 
                 166 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 195 
                 307 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1640 
                 763 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 162 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.35 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 586 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 548 
                 nd 
                 548 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 567 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 548 
                 nd 
                 548 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3  
                 486 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 305 
                 nd 
                 305 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  6% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 638 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 638 
                 nd 
                 636 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 689 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 689 
                 nd 
                 685 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 767 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 767 
                 nd 
                 768 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 46 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 159000 
                 200000 
                 159000 
                 169000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 155000 
                 187000 
                 155000 
                 158000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 48700 
                 53400 
                 48700 
                 63400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.087 
                   
                 0.90 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2920 
                 81400 
                 2920 
                 51300 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 274000 
                 245000 
                 274000 
                 221000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 306 
                 7 
                 306 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 7 
                 190 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 164000 
                 169000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 158000 
                 158000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 48900 
                 63400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2920 
                 51300 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 274000 
                 221000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 162 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only  
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
                 nd 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.075 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 188000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 124000 
                 nd 
                 124000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 162000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 124000 
                 nd 
                 124000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 31% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 80900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 50900 
                 nd 
                 50900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  1% 
                 nd 
                  1% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 186000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 186000 
                 nd 
                 187000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 197000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 197000 
                 nd 
                 200000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 57% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 216000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 216000 
                 nd 
                 218000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 38 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 32.8 
                 162 
                 32.8 
                 239 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 299 
                 874 
                 299 
                 640 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 769 
                 1230 
                 769 
                 866 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.012 
                   
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 551 
                 12 
                 551 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 213 
                 12 
                 213 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 34.9 
                 98.2 
                 34.9 
                 147 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 330 
                 667 
                 330 
                 615 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 820 
                 1230 
                 820 
                 937 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.25 
                   
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 0.0604 
                 2.07 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 3470 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 465 
                 8 
                 465 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 8 
                 174 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.60 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.63 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.086 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.090 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.030 
                 nd 
                 0.37 
                 0.036 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 50.7 
                 nd 
                 35.0 
                 55.7 
                 nd 
                 47.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 78% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 59% 
                 nd 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 36.7 
                 nd 
                 11.0 
                 48.0 
                 nd 
                 7.79 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 89% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 28% 
                 57% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 11.0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 7.79 
                 nd 
                 2.02 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 107 
                 nd 
                 122 
                 107 
                 nd 
                 122 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 64% 
                 nd 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 211 
                 nd 
                 228 
                 211 
                 nd 
                 228 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 832 
                 nd 
                 1130 
                 832 
                 nd 
                 1130 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.00 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 4.1 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.21 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 37 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 6.2 
                 nd 
                 3.0 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.094 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 0.17 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 52 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 15 
                 nd 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 44900 
                 70000 
                 44900 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 53600 
                 68900 
                 53600 
                 145000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 47800 
                 30600 
                 47800 
                 210000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.40 
                   
                 6.3E−5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 31900 
                 1.00E−9 
                 37500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 546000 
                 119000 
                 546000 
                 573000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 306 
                 7 
                 306 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 7 
                 190 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46900 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 55100 
                 145000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 49700 
                 210000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 1.7E−4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2360 
                 37500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 546000 
                 573000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 162 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.70 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.088 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1  
                 306 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 56100 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46200 
                 nd 
                 46200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 58% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 39000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 46200 
                 nd 
                 46200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 42% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 31900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 37400 
                 nd 
                 37400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                 37% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0  
                 nd 
                 &gt;3.1  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;2.0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;4.2  
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.20 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.46 
                 nd 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.466 
                 0.729 
                 0.466 
                 0.702 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.596 
                 0.949 
                 0.596 
                 0.894 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.691 
                 0.854 
                 0.691 
                 0.859 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.082 
                   
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.299 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.44 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 551 
                 12 
                 551 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 213 
                 12 
                 213 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.464 
                 0.426 
                 0.464 
                 0.783 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.583 
                 0.901 
                 0.583 
                 0.847 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.687 
                 1.01 
                 0.687 
                 0.747 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.20 
                   
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.351 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 7.23 
                 3.31 
                 7.23 
                 2.43 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 465 
                 8 
                 465 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 8 
                 174 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only  
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.61 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.087 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.066 
                 nd 
                 0.30 
                 0.23 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1  
                 0.406 
                 nd 
                 0.406 
                 0.437 
                 nd 
                 0.437 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 78% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 46% 
                 nd 
                 46% 
                 49% 
                 nd 
                 49% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2  
                 0.380 
                 nd 
                 0.380 
                 0.336 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
                 40% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.345 
                 nd 
                 0.345 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 41% 
                 nd 
                 41% 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.728 
                 nd 
                 0.701 
                 0.728 
                 nd 
                 0.701 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 38% 
                 45% 
                 nd 
                 67% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.987 
                 nd 
                 0.963 
                 0.987 
                 nd 
                 0.963 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.35 
                 nd 
                 1.31 
                 1.35 
                 nd 
                 1.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 &gt;5.1  
                 nd 
                 &gt;5.2  
                 &gt;5.1  
                 nd 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 &lt;0.14 
                 nd 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.60 
                 &gt;0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.044 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 5.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 &gt;3.0  
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0  
                 &gt;3.1  
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 &lt;1.00 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                  &gt;0.062 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 &gt;4.1  
                 nd 
                 &gt;2.0  
                 &gt;3.0  
                 nd 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.21 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.57 
                 &lt;0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.45 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 9.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage  
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1470 
                 1810 
                 1470 
                 1430 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1760 
                 2170 
                 1760 
                 1540 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1870 
                 876 
                 1870 
                 1050 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.77 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 16.3 
                 1140 
                 16.3 
                 256 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 22500 
                 3430 
                 22500 
                 3370 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 306 
                 7 
                 306 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 7 
                 190 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1470 
                 1430 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1760 
                 1540 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1950 
                 1050 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.78 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 390 
                 256 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 22500 
                 3370 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 162 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.083 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1650 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 931 
                 nd 
                 931 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1570 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 931 
                 nd 
                 931 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 56% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1140 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16.3 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1850 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1850 
                 nd 
                 1820 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2160 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2160 
                 nd 
                 2090 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 43% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2550 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2550 
                 nd 
                 2490 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 &gt;3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 &gt;3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.852 
                 0.207 
                 0.852 
                 0.570 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3.79 
                 1.08 
                 3.79 
                 3.68 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 12.5 
                 1.60 
                 12.5 
                 7.84 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.57 
                   
                 0.98 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 120 
                 3.48 
                 120 
                 19.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 306 
                 7 
                 306 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 190 
                 7 
                 190 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.864 
                 0.570 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.98 
                 3.68 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 13.2 
                 7.84 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 120 
                 19.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 162 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 0.38 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 306 
                 nd 
                 270 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0826 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0309 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 86% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.65 
                 nd 
                 1.65 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.58 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.58 
                 nd 
                 2.59 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 29% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 5.09 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5.09 
                 nd 
                 4.99 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.044 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.37 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 30 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Thrombopoietin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 sCr or UO 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.94 
                 2.58 
                 1.94 
                 2.72 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.15 
                 2.47 
                 2.15 
                 2.40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.16 
                 1.01 
                 1.16 
                 1.09 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.35 
                   
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 0.836 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 3.97 
                 6.89 
                 3.73 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 551 
                 12 
                 551 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 213 
                 12 
                 213 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 UO only 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.88 
                 2.60 
                 1.88 
                 2.91 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.12 
                 2.47 
                 2.12 
                 2.75 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.17 
                 0.946 
                 1.17 
                 1.22 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.40 
                   
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0323 
                 1.11 
                 0.0323 
                 0.492 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6.89 
                 3.80 
                 6.89 
                 3.97 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 465 
                 8 
                 465 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 174 
                 8 
                 174 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.61 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.087 
                 nd 
                 0.11 
                 0.091 
                 nd 
                 0.10 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.29 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.093 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 551 
                 nd 
                 465 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 8 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.94 
                 nd 
                 1.94 
                 1.66 
                 nd 
                 2.71 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 75% 
                 nd 
                 75% 
                 73% 
                 nd 
                 78% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 52% 
                 39% 
                 nd 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.39 
                 nd 
                 1.39 
                 1.52 
                 nd 
                 0.974 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 88% 
                 82% 
                 nd 
                 89% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 29% 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 1.08 
                 nd 
                 1.08 
                 0.974 
                 nd 
                 0.396 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 100%  
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                 nd 
                  3% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 2.66 
                 nd 
                 2.66 
                 2.66 
                 nd 
                 2.66 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 0 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 24 hr prior to AKI stage 
                 48 hr prior to AKI stage 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 50% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
                 55% 
                 nd 
                 78% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 3.10 
                 nd 
                 3.05 
                 3.10 
                 nd 
                 3.05 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 25% 
                 27% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.70 
                 nd 
                 3.66 
                 3.70 
                 nd 
                 3.66 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 12% 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.57 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 0.99 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.044 
                 nd 
                 0.062 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.5 
                 nd 
                 16 
                 7.1 
                 nd 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.57 
                 0.65 
                 nd 
                 1.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 9.2 
                 nd 
                 7.2 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 2.5 
                 nd 
                 4.1 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 2.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.21 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
                 0.36 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 37 
                 11 
                 nd 
                 13 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 nd 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 11: Comparison of marker levels in enroll urine samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R within 48 hrs) and in enroll urine samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects reaching RIFLE stage I or F within 48 hrs). Enroll samples from patients already at RIFLE stage I or F were included in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.344 
                 1.20 
                 0.370 
                 3.09 
                 0.364 
                 1.28 
               
               
                 Average 
                 4.40 
                 15.4 
                 5.63 
                 26.5 
                 2.01 
                 16.6 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 33.7 
                 52.8 
                 37.6 
                 46.3 
                 10.9 
                 55.5 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.038 
                   
                 0.061 
                   
                 3.6E−4 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0346 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 510 
                 368 
                 510 
                 133 
                 155 
                 368 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 294 
                 61 
                 340 
                 12 
                 215 
                 55 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 294 
                 61 
                 340 
                 12 
                 215 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 0.70 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.040 
                 0.086 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 p 
                 5.8E−6 
                 0.021 
                 6.6E−6 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 294 
                 340 
                 215 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 61 
                 12 
                 55 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.411 
                 0.540 
                 0.448 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 56% 
                 58% 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.259 
                 0.222 
                 0.276 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 44% 
                 36% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.150 
                 0.0708 
                 0.155 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 27% 
                 14% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.766 
                 0.944 
                 0.864 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 56% 
                 67% 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1.43 
                 1.81 
                 1.43 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 43% 
                 50% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.98 
                 4.50 
                 3.85 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 30% 
                 50% 
                 29% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.3 
                 0.49 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.57 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.47 
                 0.044 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.4 
                 5.6 
                 5.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.0 
                 1.5 
                 2.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.13 
                 0.65 
                 0.038 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.81 
                 0.25 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.1 
                 9.3 
                 8.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.6 
                 3.1 
                 5.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 4.7E−4 
                 0.17 
                 5.7E−4 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.0 
                 0.62 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 11 
                 16 
                 15 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 331 
                 519 
                 360 
                 878 
                 361 
                 551 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1220 
                 2070 
                 1270 
                 4070 
                 1190 
                 2050 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 2750 
                 3670 
                 2800 
                 5330 
                 2680 
                 3580 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.041 
                   
                 0.0012 
                   
                 0.052 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.194 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
                 12000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 290 
                 60 
                 335 
                 12 
                 212 
                 54 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 290 
                 60 
                 335 
                 12 
                 212 
                 54 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.57 
                 0.60 
                 0.58 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.042 
                 0.088 
                 0.045 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.085 
                 0.27 
                 0.063 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 290 
                 335 
                 212 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 60 
                 12 
                 54 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 168 
                 158 
                 216 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 33% 
                 31% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 125 
                 125 
                 130 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 24% 
                 24% 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 63.6 
                 31.0 
                 68.2 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 15% 
                  7% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 643 
                 720 
                 720 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 42% 
                 50% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1040 
                 1070 
                 1040 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 32% 
                 50% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1960 
                 2290 
                 1870 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 22% 
                 33% 
                 22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.81 
                 0.65 
                 0.88 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.64 
                 0.64 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 0.11 
                 0.35 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 4.0 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.4 
                 0.32 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 0.33 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.63 
                 0.033 
                 0.68 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.1 
                 3.2 
                 3.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.6 
                 2.0 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.26 
                 0.32 
                 0.22 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.72 
                 0.50 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.4 
                 8.5 
                 4.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 58.7 
                 193 
                 63.3 
                 295 
                 64.4 
                 211 
               
               
                 Average 
                 214 
                 518 
                 257 
                 568 
                 201 
                 537 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 375 
                 736 
                 461 
                 681 
                 334 
                 738 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                  3.3E−6 
                   
                 0.025 
                   
                  1.1E−6 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 2.43 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2490 
                 3580 
                 3580 
                 1900 
                 2130 
                 3580 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO  
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 0.63 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.088 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 P 
                 8.8E−4 
                 0.14 
                 2.9E−4 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 295 
                 341 
                 216 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 61 
                 12 
                 55 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 45.9 
                 45.5 
                 47.8 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 46% 
                 43% 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 21.3 
                 10.1 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 30% 
                 19% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 7.46 
                 3.20 
                 9.72 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 17% 
                  9% 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 164 
                 192 
                 172 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 52% 
                 58% 
                 56% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 321 
                 409 
                 318 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 41% 
                 33% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 653 
                 756 
                 598 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 28% 
                 33% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 1.1 
                 0.33 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.82 
                 0.34 
                 0.35 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.46 
                 0.033 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.7 
                 3.2 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 1.2 
                 0.66 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.66 
                 0.65 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 0.11 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.9 
                 4.0 
                 3.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 2.8 
                 2.0 
                 4.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.011 
                 0.32 
                 0.0022 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 0.50 
                 1.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.1 
                 8.5 
                 9.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort  
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 90.7 
                 135 
                 94.2 
                 392 
                 91.4 
                 119 
               
               
                 Average 
                 596 
                 351 
                 528 
                 973 
                 706 
                 180 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 3910 
                 787 
                 3590 
                 1530 
                 4350 
                 179 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.71 
                   
                 0.73 
                   
                 0.51 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 1.48 
                 4.07 
                 2.78 
                 5.40 
               
               
                 Max 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 4480 
                 38800 
                 685 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 0.65 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.11 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.049 
                 0.17 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 139 
                 165 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 35 
                 8 
                 30 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 73.0 
                 71.5 
                 76.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                 75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 45% 
                 42% 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 70.3 
                 40.2 
                 70.5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 88% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 45% 
                 20% 
                 43% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 40.2 
                 3.42 
                 55.6 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100%  
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 22% 
                  2% 
                 34% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 147 
                 150 
                 147 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 40% 
                 50% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 197 
                 194 
                 197 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 26% 
                 50% 
                 20% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 354 
                 354 
                 341 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 20% 
                 50% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.9 
                 0.49 
                 7.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.098 
                 0.56 
                 0.015 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.82 
                 0.043 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 10.0 
                 5.6 
                 36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.0 
                 0.49 
                 5.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.089 
                 0.56 
                 0.035 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.85 
                 0.043 
                 1.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 10 
                 5.6 
                 29 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.2 
                 2.0 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.061 
                 0.42 
                 0.062 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.95 
                 0.36 
                 0.92 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 11 
                 12 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 8.19 
                 30.4 
                 10.4 
                 30.4 
                 9.32 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Average 
                 19.7 
                 31.1 
                 21.2 
                 34.4 
                 20.8 
                 32.4 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 26.5 
                 22.1 
                 26.3 
                 21.3 
                 27.6 
                 22.6 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0018 
                   
                 0.087 
                   
                 0.0041 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0159 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0806 
                 1.00E−9 
                 0.0159 
               
               
                 Max 
                 228 
                 83.0 
                 228 
                 71.2 
                 228 
                 83.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.67 
                 0.68 
                 0.67 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.086 
                 0.043 
               
               
                 P 
                 2.7E−5 
                 0.033 
                 7.1E−5 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 295 
                 341 
                 216 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 61 
                 12 
                 55 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 13.4 
                 30.1 
                 19.0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 57% 
                 64% 
                 59% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 5.89 
                 13.1 
                 5.84 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 44% 
                 52% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 2.07 
                 9.72 
                 2.02 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 90% 
                 92% 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 32% 
                 50% 
                 31% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
                 30.4 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 78% 
                 76% 
                 77% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 32.6 
                 38.1 
                 33.8 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 36% 
                 33% 
                 38% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 54.7 
                 56.0 
                 50.5 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 23% 
                  8% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 93% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.1 
                 1.0 
                 2.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.19 
                 1.0 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.70 
                 0.062 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 6.5 
                 16 
                 7.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 6.2 
                 6.4 
                 4.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 4.3E−4 
                 0.090 
                 0.0089 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.2 
                 0.75 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 17 
                 54 
                 12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 5.5 
                 4.1 
                 5.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0011 
                 0.21 
                 8.2E−4 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 2.0 
                 0.45 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 15 
                 37 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.230 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0776 
                 0.114 
                 0.0749 
                 0.300 
                 0.0849 
                 0.0902 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.135 
                 0.243 
                 0.139 
                 0.374 
                 0.141 
                 0.247 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.24 
                   
                 1.0E−4 
                   
                 0.88 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
                 0.00336 
               
               
                 Max 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
                 0.917 
                 1.12 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 0.72 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.10 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.93 
                 0.034 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 139 
                 165 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 35 
                 8 
                 30 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.130 
                 0.110 
                 0.130 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 62% 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 73% 
                 70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.164 
                 0.159 
                 0.167 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 23% 
                 62% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 80% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.232 
                 0.217 
                 0.232 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 17% 
                 50% 
                 10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.51 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 &lt;0.99 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.16 
                 &gt;0.062 
                 0.35 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.7 
                 na 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.3 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 2.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.61 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 0.096 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.48 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.84 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.5 
                 na 
                 8.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;5.5 
                 1.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.75 
                 &lt;0.13 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.43 
                 &gt;0.62 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.3 
                 na 
                 6.3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.102 
                 0.193 
                 0.104 
                 0.929 
                 0.112 
                 0.193 
               
               
                 Average 
                 46.8 
                 5.46 
                 41.3 
                 4.87 
                 0.724 
                 5.97 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 791 
                 28.2 
                 736 
                 7.23 
                 2.76 
                 29.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.68 
                   
                 0.86 
                   
                 0.011 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 13600 
                 219 
                 13600 
                 21.2 
                 34.1 
                 219 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 295 
                 61 
                 341 
                 12 
                 216 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.61 
                 0.70 
                 0.60 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.086 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.011 
                 0.023 
                 0.023 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 295 
                 341 
                 216 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 61 
                 12 
                 55 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0696 
                 0.0734 
                 0.0706 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 70% 
                 75% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 43% 
                 44% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0395 
                 0.0328 
                 0.0472 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 83% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 34% 
                 31% 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0.0173 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 92% 
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 23% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.285 
                 0.300 
                 0.318 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 46% 
                 67% 
                 40% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.467 
                 0.551 
                 0.551 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 34% 
                 58% 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.76 
                 1.90 
                 1.82 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 23% 
                 42% 
                 24% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 1.0 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.14 
                 1.0 
                 0.048 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.81 
                 0.14 
                 1.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.7 
                 7.3 
                 6.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.5 
                 0.49 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.36 
                 0.57 
                 0.11 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 0.044 
                 0.83 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.8 
                 5.6 
                 5.9 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.1 
                 3.7 
                 3.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0081 
                 0.11 
                 0.020 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.3 
                 0.74 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.2 
                 18 
                 8.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0774 
                 0.0204 
                 0.0635 
                 0.0726 
                 0.0825 
                 0.0204 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.401 
                 0.0825 
                 0.357 
                 0.0780 
                 0.454 
                 0.0873 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1.61 
                 0.147 
                 1.50 
                 0.0884 
                 1.79 
                 0.153 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 012 
                   
                 0.52 
                   
                 0.13 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 18.8 
                 0.801 
                 18.8 
                 0.318 
                 18.8 
                 0.801 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 296 
                 61 
                 342 
                 12 
                 217 
                 55 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 296 
                 61 
                 342 
                 12 
                 217 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.37 
                 0.45 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.041 
                 0.087 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.0013 
                 0.58 
                 0.0014 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 296 
                 342 
                 217 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 61 
                 12 
                 55 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100%  
                 100%  
                 100%  
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.144 
                 0.127 
                 0.148 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 13% 
                 17% 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 70% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.219 
                 0.207 
                 0.237 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 13% 
                  8% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.595 
                 0.495 
                 0.829 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  2% 
                  0% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.8 
                 6.4 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.24 
                 0.088 
                 0.61 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.69 
                 0.76 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.5 
                 55 
                 3.5 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 1.0 
                 2.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.080 
                 1.0 
                 0.077 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.91 
                 0.062 
                 0.91 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 5.6 
                 16 
                 5.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.8 
                 4.2 
                 3.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0025 
                 0.20 
                 0.0084 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.6 
                 0.46 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 9.0 
                 38 
                 8.2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
                 Cohort 
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 11800 
                  19400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 11500 
                 26400 
               
               
                 Average 
                 13500 
                  40900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 13100 
                 43900 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                  9150 
                  63400 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  8500 
                 65300 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 2.1E−5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 1.9E−5 
               
               
                 Min 
                  670 
                  3520 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                  670 
                 4200 
               
               
                 Max 
                 55300 
                 323000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 55300 
                 323000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                  111 
                   25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   93 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                  111 
                   25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   93 
                 23 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.73 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.061 
                 nd 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 P 
                 2.1E−4 
                 nd 
                 3.1E−6 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 111 
                 nd 
                 93 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 14300 
                 nd 
                 14300 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 nd 
                 74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 61% 
                 nd 
                 63% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 12300 
                 nd 
                 12700 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 51% 
                 nd 
                 54% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 5680 
                 nd 
                 11800 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 16600 
                 nd 
                 16200 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 60% 
                 nd 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 19400 
                 nd 
                 19000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 57% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 25300 
                 nd 
                 23700 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 48% 
                 nd 
                 52% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.69 
                 nd 
                 0.64 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.28 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 6.7 
                 nd 
                 10 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.2 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 nd 
                 0.24 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 9.7 
                 nd 
                 16 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.6 
                 nd 
                 11 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.014 
                 nd 
                 0.0036 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.4 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 22 
                 nd 
                 55 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1.00E−9 
                 4.82 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 4.82 
               
               
                 Average 
                 2.84 
                 8.44 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 3.11 
                 8.85 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 7.68 
                 11.6 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 8.25 
                 12.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0036 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.0076 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 69.2 
                 49.5 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 69.2 
                 49.5 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 111 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 94 
                 23 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 111 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 94 
                 23 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.71 
                 nd 
                 0.72 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.062 
                 nd 
                 0.065 
               
               
                 p 
                 6.0E−4 
                 nd 
                 8.1E−4 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 111 
                 nd 
                 94 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 25 
                 nd 
                 23 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  72% 
                 nd 
                  74% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  64% 
                 nd 
                  65% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.12 
                 nd 
                 1.26 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  64% 
                 nd 
                  65% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  70% 
                 nd 
                  70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 4.82 
                 nd 
                 4.82 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  48% 
                 nd 
                  48% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  83% 
                 nd 
                  82% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 7.33 
                 nd 
                 11.1 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  32% 
                 nd 
                  22% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                  90% 
                 nd 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 0.019 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.67 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.19 
                 nd 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.3 
                 nd 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.100 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 7.0 
                 nd 
                 9.4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.0177 
                 0.0634 
                 0.0204 
                 0.171 
                 0.0192 
                 0.0266 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.0498 
                 0.601 
                 0.155 
                 0.287 
                 0.0510 
                 0.676 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.144 
                 2.37 
                 1.11 
                 0.427 
                 0.153 
                 2.56 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.0067 
                   
                 0.74 
                   
                 0.011 
               
               
                 Min 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00126 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00208 
                 5.20E−6 
                 0.00126 
               
               
                 Max 
                 1.57 
                 14.0 
                 14.0 
                 1.32 
                 1.57 
                 14.0 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 139 
                 35 
                 165 
                 8 
                 112 
                 30 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.68 
                 0.79 
                 0.66 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.054 
                 0.097 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 P 
                 7.7E−4 
                 0.0027 
                 0.0083 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 139 
                 165 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 35 
                 8 
                 30 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.0191 
                 0.136 
                 0.0191 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 71% 
                  75% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 51% 
                  93% 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0145 
                 0.0229 
                 0.0145 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 80% 
                  88% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 43% 
                  55% 
                 41% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.00347 
                 0.00203 
                 0.00559 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 100% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 18% 
                  12% 
                 25% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.0404 
                 0.0439 
                 0.0404 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 51% 
                  75% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                  70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.0595 
                 0.0697 
                 0.0595 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 51% 
                  75% 
                 47% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 0.0951 
                 0.115 
                 0.0951 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 37% 
                  75% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.78 
                 na 
                 0.53 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 na 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 4.3 
                 na 
                 6.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 1.0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.75 
                 1.0 
                 0.50 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.35 
                 0.061 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.4 
                 17 
                 6.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 5.3 
                 6.6 
                 4.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.0033 
                 0.086 
                 0.012 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.7 
                 0.76 
                 1.4 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 16 
                 58 
                 17 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     FIG. 12: Comparison of marker levels in enroll EDTA samples collected from Cohort 1 (patients that did not progress beyond RIFLE stage 0 or R within 48 hrs) and in enroll EDTA samples collected from Cohort 2 (subjects reaching RIFLE stage I or F within 48 hrs). Enroll samples from patients already at stage I or F were included in Cohort 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Alpha-2 macroglobulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 572 
                 562 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 578 
                 573 
               
               
                 Average 
                 578 
                 536 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 595 
                 538 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 166 
                 133 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 159 
                 136 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.26 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.13 
               
               
                 Min 
                 22.9 
                 211 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 242 
                 211 
               
               
                 Max 
                 987 
                 732 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 987 
                 732 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.25 
                 nd 
                 0.16 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 462 
                 nd 
                 462 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 19% 
                 nd 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 427 
                 nd 
                 427 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 18% 
                 nd 
                 15% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 320 
                 nd 
                 320 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 682 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 723 
                 nd 
                 729 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 773 
                 nd 
                 775 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.3 
                 nd 
                 6.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.11 
                 nd 
                 0.028 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.77 
                 nd 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 14 
                 nd 
                 33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.8 
                 nd 
                 2.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.39 
                 nd 
                 0.36 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 8.3 
                 nd 
                 13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.9 
                 nd 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.16 
                 nd 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.66 
                 nd 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 12 
                 nd 
                 24 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein A-I 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 666000 
                 734000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 668000 
                 737000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1050000 
                 990000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1020000 
                 1020000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 983000 
                 1030000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 948000 
                 1050000 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.80 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.99 
               
               
                 Min 
                 6920 
                 171000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 6920 
                 171000 
               
               
                 Max 
                 5130000 
                 5040000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 5130000 
                 5040000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 0.52 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.067 
                 nd 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.94 
                 nd 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 425000 
                 nd 
                 455000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 33% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 395000 
                 nd 
                 407000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 373000 
                 nd 
                 386000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 21% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 964000 
                 nd 
                 964000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 26% 
                 nd 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 1520000 
                 nd 
                 1390000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2560000 
                 nd 
                 2560000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  5% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 95% 
                 nd 
                 96% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.15 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.4 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.2 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.81 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.0 
                 nd 
                 5.7 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 0.96 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.95 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.27 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.4 
                 nd 
                 4.8 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1  
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1  
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 163000 
                 186000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 164000 
                 185000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 156000 
                 177000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 156000 
                 176000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 48500 
                 52700 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 49600 
                 53700 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.060 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.10 
               
               
                 Min 
                 2920 
                 76700 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 2920 
                 76700 
               
               
                 Max 
                 259000 
                 255000 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 259000 
                 255000 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.64 
                 nd 
                 0.62 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 nd 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.043 
                 nd 
                 0.077 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 152000 
                 nd 
                 152000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 46% 
                 nd 
                 44% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 118000 
                 nd 
                 118000 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 95000 
                 nd 
                 95000 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 16% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 184000 
                 nd 
                 184000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 52% 
                 nd 
                 50% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 197000 
                 nd 
                 197000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 48% 
                 nd 
                 45% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 216000 
                 nd 
                 211000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 30% 
                 nd 
                 36% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR 2 Quart 
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.5 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.74 
                 nd 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.68 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.18 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.1 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 2.8 
                 nd 
                 2.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.100 
                 nd 
                 0.13 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.82 
                 nd 
                 0.75 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 9.4 
                 nd 
                 9.2 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Calcitonin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 47.5 
                 115 
                 52.6 
                 180 
                 60.8 
                 71.7 
               
               
                 Average 
                 413 
                 529 
                 417 
                 843 
                 447 
                 444 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 1040 
                 747 
                 987 
                 916 
                 1110 
                 701 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.53 
                   
                 0.21 
                   
                 0.99 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.0604 
                 4.98 
                 0.0604 
                 32.3 
                 0.0604 
                 4.98 
               
               
                 Max 
                 6590 
                 2390 
                 6590 
                 2090 
                 6590 
                 2390 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.60 
                 0.73 
                 0.56 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.098 
                 0.060 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.068 
                 0.019 
                 0.34 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 140 
                 166 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 9 
                 31 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 29.7 
                 66.5 
                 23.1 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                  78% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 44% 
                  54% 
                 37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 12.8 
                 48.5 
                 12.5 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  89% 
                 81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 28% 
                  50% 
                 27% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 6.55 
                 32.0 
                 6.55 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 14% 
                  44% 
                 12% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 151 
                 168 
                 162 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 47% 
                  56% 
                 42% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  70% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 304 
                 373 
                 316 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 39% 
                  44% 
                 35% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 978 
                 1310 
                 1580 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 25% 
                  33% 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.9 
                 &gt;2.0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.27 
                 &lt;0.56 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.7 
                 na 
                 5.1 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 0.78 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.30 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 0.21 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.4 
                 na 
                 2.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.0 
                 &gt;4.3 
                 2.1 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.047 
                 &lt;0.20 
                 0.19 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0.46 
                 0.69 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 8.6 
                 na 
                 6.6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 C-reactive protein 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Co- 
                 Co- 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort  
                 hort  
                 hort  
                 Cohort  
                 Cohort  
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
                 1 
                 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 53500 
                 45900 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 53900 
                 45000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 59000 
                 50800 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 60700 
                 50000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 50000 
                 20700 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 52800 
                 20800 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.36 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 20600 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 7110 
                 20600 
               
               
                 Max 
                 444000 
                 96500 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 444000 
                 96500 
               
               
                 n  
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 (Samp) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n  
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 (Patient) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.60 
                 nd 
                 0.39 
               
               
                 nCohort  
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 nCohort  
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 33300 
                 nd 
                 33300 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 21% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 32200 
                 nd 
                 32200 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 20% 
                 nd 
                 17% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 28300 
                 nd 
                 28100 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                 16% 
                 nd 
                 13% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 89% 
                 nd 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 70000 
                 nd 
                 70000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 89% 
                 nd 
                 89% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 77000 
                 nd 
                 72800 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  4% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 6.5 
                 nd 
                 24 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 3.6 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.65 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 6.5 
                 nd 
                 20 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 2.1 
                 nd 
                 4.4 
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.29 
                 nd 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.53 
                 nd 
                 0.82 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 8.0 
                 nd 
                 24 
               
               
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Tissue factor 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.409 
                 0.564 
                 0.436 
                 0.976 
                 0.398 
                 0.482 
               
               
                 Average 
                 0.549 
                 0.694 
                 0.552 
                 1.13 
                 0.527 
                 0.583 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 0.571 
                 0.715 
                 0.571 
                 0.921 
                 0.559 
                 0.562 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.20 
                   
                 0.0046 
                   
                 0.63 
               
               
                 Min 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
                 0.297 
                 0.00841 
                 0.00841 
               
               
                 Max 
                 2.67 
                 2.85 
                 2.67 
                 2.85 
                 2.67 
                 2.43 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.56 
                 0.71 
                 0.54 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.099 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.28 
                 0.032 
                 0.45 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 140 
                 166 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 9 
                 31 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.286 
                 0.336 
                 0.280 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  75% 
                  78% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  37% 
                  40% 
                  37% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0 
                 0.297 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 100% 
                  89% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  0% 
                  37% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 0.286 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 100% 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                  36% 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 0.674 
                 0.678 
                 0.641 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  44% 
                  67% 
                  48% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  70% 
                  70% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 0.970 
                 0.948 
                 0.945 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  25% 
                  56% 
                  19% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  81% 
                  80% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 1.30 
                 1.31 
                 1.23 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  14% 
                  22% 
                  10% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                  90% 
                  91% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.2 
                 &gt;3.1 
                 4.7 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.79 
                 &lt;0.33 
                 0.028 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.40 
                 &gt;0.31 
                 1.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 3.3 
                   na 
                 19 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.0 
                 &gt;0 
                 3.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 &lt;na 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.34 
                 &gt;na 
                 0.74 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 3.0 
                   na 
                 13 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.5 
                 &gt;6.8 
                 3.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.44 
                 &lt;0.082 
                 0.076 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 &gt;0.78 
                 0.87 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 4.2 
                   na 
                 14 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Fibrinogen 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 1410 
                 1200 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1460 
                 1150 
               
               
                 Average 
                 1520 
                 1370 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1540 
                 1360 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 747 
                 772 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 728 
                 788 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.29 
               
               
                 Min 
                 16.3 
                 256 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 391 
                 256 
               
               
                 Max 
                 4630 
                 3370 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 4630 
                 3370 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.43 
                 nd 
                 0.40 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.30 
                 nd 
                 0.17 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 990 
                 nd 
                 990 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 28% 
                 nd 
                 26% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 763 
                 nd 
                 759 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 12% 
                 nd 
                 11% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 661 
                 nd 
                 661 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  7% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1770 
                 nd 
                 1780 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 18% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2070 
                 nd 
                 2070 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 2450 
                 nd 
                 2370 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  9% 
                 nd 
                  9% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.0 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.51 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 7.6 
                 nd 
                 5.6 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 1.6 
                 nd 
                 2.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.49 
                 nd 
                 0.31 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.41 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 6.5 
                 nd 
                 8.0 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 1.7 
                 nd 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.48 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.8 
                 nd 
                 6.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-5 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 0.705 
                 0.790 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 0.776 
                 0.855 
               
               
                 Average 
                 3.82 
                 2.96 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 4.33 
                 3.09 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 15.0 
                 8.94 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 16.2 
                 9.13 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.79 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.73 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 120 
                 43.4 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 120 
                 43.4 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                 n (Patient) 
                 96 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 82 
                 22 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.44 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.068 
                 nd 
                 0.071 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.48 
                 nd 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 96 
                 nd 
                 82 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 23 
                 nd 
                 22 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 0.100 
                 nd 
                 0.100 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 74% 
                 nd 
                 73% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 10% 
                 nd 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 0.0826 
                 nd 
                 0.0915 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 nd 
                 82% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  8% 
                 nd 
                  6% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0.0309 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 91% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                 nd 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 1.55 
                 nd 
                 1.57 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 22% 
                 nd 
                 23% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 nd 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 2.23 
                 nd 
                 2.41 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                 nd 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 3.48 
                 nd 
                 3.48 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 13% 
                 nd 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 nd 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 1.5 
                 nd 
                 1.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.52 
                 nd 
                 0.73 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.42 
                 nd 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 5.5 
                 nd 
                 4.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 0.56 
                 nd 
                 0.76 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.45 
                 nd 
                 0.71 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.12 
                 nd 
                 0.18 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 2.6 
                 nd 
                 3.2 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 1.9 
                 nd 
                 1.5 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.32 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.54 
                 nd 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 6.7 
                 nd 
                 5.7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 141000 
                 138000 
                 142000 
                 137000 
                 148000 
                 141000 
               
               
                 Average 
                 138000 
                 136000 
                 138000 
                 138000 
                 143000 
                 136000 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 37400 
                 49000 
                 41500 
                 25100 
                 36500 
                 53900 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.89 
                   
                 0.96 
                   
                 0.54 
               
               
                 Min 
                 40800 
                 38400 
                 38400 
                 115000 
                 40800 
                 38400 
               
               
                 Max 
                 231000 
                 275000 
                 275000 
                 186000 
                 231000 
                 275000 
               
               
                 n  
                 58 
                 18 
                 69 
                 7 
                 50 
                 14 
               
               
                 (Samp) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 n  
                 58 
                 18 
                 69 
                 7 
                 50 
                 14 
               
               
                 (Patient) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.46 
                 0.49 
                 0.41 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.079 
                 0.12 
                 0.089 
               
               
                 P 
                 0.59 
                 0.95 
                 0.33 
               
               
                 nCohort  
                 58 
                 69 
                 50 
               
               
                 1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 nCohort  
                 18 
                 7 
                 14 
               
               
                 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 116000 
                 120000 
                 116000 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                 71% 
                 71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 31% 
                 33% 
                 30% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 114000 
                 116000 
                 87800 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 83% 
                 86% 
                 86% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 28% 
                 32% 
                  8% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 74900 
                 114000 
                 74900 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 94% 
                 100% 
                 93% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  5% 
                  28% 
                  4% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 163000 
                 161000 
                 165000 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 71% 
                 71% 
                 70% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 169000 
                 169000 
                 173000 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 17% 
                 14% 
                 14% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 81% 
                 81% 
                 80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 182000 
                 182000 
                 186000 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                 14% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 91% 
                 91% 
                 90% 
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.9 
                 1.0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.43 
                 1.0 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.38 
                 0.058 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 9.4 
                 17 
                 11 
               
               
                 Quart 2 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 3.1 
                 6.4 
                 4.2 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.15 
                 0.11 
                 0.12 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.66 
                 0.67 
                 0.70 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 15 
                 61 
                 25 
               
               
                 Quart 3 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 1.0 
                 0 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 Quart 4 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 p Value 
                 1.0 
                 na 
                 0.63 
               
               
                 95%  
                 0.17 
                 na 
                 0.23 
               
               
                 CI of 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 OR  
                 5.7 
                 na 
                 11 
               
               
                 Quart 4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Macrophage metalloelastase 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
                 36.8 
               
               
                 Average 
                 26.9 
                 35.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 26.6 
                 34.7 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 23.3 
                 18.0 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23.6 
                 19.7 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 0.40 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                   
                 0.45 
               
               
                 Min 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Max 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 61.3 
                 61.3 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 26 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 6 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 26 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 nd 
                 23 
                 6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.59 
                 nd 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.13 
                 nd 
                 0.14 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.50 
                 nd 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 26 
                 nd 
                 23 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 7 
                 nd 
                 6 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                  86% 
                 nd 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                  38% 
                 nd 
                  39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 1.00E−9 
                 nd 
                 1.00E−9 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                  86% 
                 nd 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                  38% 
                 nd 
                  39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 0 
                 nd 
                 0 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 100% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                  14% 
                 nd 
                  17% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                  81% 
                 nd 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 36.8 
                 nd 
                 36.8 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                  14% 
                 nd 
                  17% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                  81% 
                 nd 
                  83% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 61.3 
                 nd 
                 61.3 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                  0% 
                 nd 
                  0% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 100% 
                 nd 
                 100% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 &gt;8.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;9.3 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.10 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.089 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.66 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.71 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 &gt;2.7 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.2 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;0.46 
                 nd 
                 &lt;0.92 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.19 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.059 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 &gt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &gt;1.0 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 &lt;1.0 
                 nd 
                 &lt;1.0 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 &gt;0.053 
                 nd 
                 &gt;0.052 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 na 
                 nd 
                 na 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Sex hormone-binding globulin 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
                 Cohort 1 
                 Cohort 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Median 
                 33.8 
                 36.0 
                 34.6 
                 27.2 
                 33.8 
                 36.0 
               
               
                 Average 
                 37.2 
                 37.2 
                 37.5 
                 28.6 
                 37.9 
                 38.5 
               
               
                 Stdev 
                 17.4 
                 13.8 
                 16.8 
                 7.66 
                 18.4 
                 14.0 
               
               
                 p(t-test) 
                   
                 1.00 
                   
                 0.12 
                   
                 0.86 
               
               
                 Min 
                 7.75 
                 14.6 
                 7.75 
                 14.6 
                 7.75 
                 14.6 
               
               
                 Max 
                 139 
                 64.8 
                 139 
                 41.3 
                 139 
                 64.8 
               
               
                 n (Samp) 
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                 n (Patient)  
                 140 
                 36 
                 166 
                 9 
                 112 
                 31 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 At Enrollment 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 sCr or UO 
                 sCr only 
                 UO only 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AUC 
                 0.52 
                 0.32 
                 0.55 
               
               
                 SE 
                 0.055 
                 0.10 
                 0.059 
               
               
                 p 
                 0.65 
                 0.071 
                 0.43 
               
               
                 nCohort 1 
                 140 
                 166 
                 112 
               
               
                 nCohort 2 
                 36 
                 9 
                 31 
               
               
                 Cutoff 1 
                 28.2 
                 26.2 
                 29.7 
               
               
                 Sens 1 
                 72% 
                  78% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Spec 1 
                 32% 
                  22% 
                  39% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 2 
                 26.8 
                 24.6 
                 27.6 
               
               
                 Sens 2 
                 81% 
                  89% 
                  81% 
               
               
                 Spec 2 
                 25% 
                  19% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 3 
                 20.1 
                 10.1 
                 20.3 
               
               
                 Sens 3 
                 92% 
                 100% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 Spec 3 
                  9% 
                  1% 
                  7% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 4 
                 41.3 
                 41.6 
                 41.3 
               
               
                 Sens 4 
                 28% 
                  0% 
                  32% 
               
               
                 Spec 4 
                 70% 
                  71% 
                  71% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 5 
                 46.4 
                 48.6 
                 46.5 
               
               
                 Sens 5 
                 25% 
                  0% 
                  29% 
               
               
                 Spec 5 
                 80% 
                  80% 
                  80% 
               
               
                 Cutoff 6 
                 57.7 
                 58.1 
                 59.6 
               
               
                 Sens 6 
                 11% 
                  0% 
                  13% 
               
               
                 Spec 6 
                 90% 
                  90% 
                  90% 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2  
                 0.85 
                 &gt;2.1 
                 0.97 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.78 
                 &lt;0.55 
                 0.96 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.28 
                 &gt;0.18 
                 0.28 
               
               
                 OR Quart 2 
                 2.6 
                 na 
                 3.3 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3  
                 1.7 
                 &gt;3.2 
                 1.9 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.31 
                 &lt;0.32 
                 0.29 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.61 
                 &gt;0.32 
                 0.59 
               
               
                 OR Quart 3 
                 4.6 
                 na 
                 5.8 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4  
                 1.2 
                 &gt;4.5 
                 1.6 
               
               
                 p Value 
                 0.79 
                 &lt;0.19 
                 0.42 
               
               
                 95% CI of 
                 0.40 
                 &gt;0.48 
                 0.51 
               
               
                 OR Quart 4 
                 3.3 
                 na 
                 5.1 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 7 
     Kidney Injury Markers for Evaluating Mortality Risk in Patients 
     Patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) were enrolled in the following study. Each patient was classified by kidney status as non-injury (O), risk of injury (R), injury (I), and failure (F) according to the maximum stage reached within 48 hours of enrollment as determined by the RIFLE criteria. EDTA anti-coagulated blood samples (10 mL) and a urine samples (25-30 mL) were collected from each patient at the time of enrollment into the study. Markers were each measured by standard immunoassay methods using commercially available assay reagents in the urine samples and the plasma component of the blood samples collected. 
     The patient population was segregated based on the marker concentrations using threshold values which divided the population into thirds (“tertiles”). Patients with marker concentrations in the lower, middle, and upper third comprise the first, second, and third tertiles, respectively. The relative risk of AKI-related mortality within 7, 14, and 28 days was calculated for the second and third tertiles, relative to a value of 1 for the first tertile, as indicated in the following table. “AKI-related mortality” or “AKI-related death” was defined as death accompanied by a minimum RIFLE stage of R. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Relative risk of AKI-related death within 7, 14, and 28 days from 
               
               
                 enrollment for the third tertile compared to the first tertile of 
               
               
                 marker concentrations. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Total 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Number 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Relative 
                   
                 Total 
                 of AKI- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Risk for 
                   
                 Number of 
                 related 
               
               
                   
                 Marker 
                 Third Tertile 
                 p 
                 Patients 
                 Deaths 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 AKI-Related 
                 Alpha-2 Macroglobulin 
                 5.5 
                 0.02 
                 355 
                 16 
               
               
                 Death within 7 
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
                 5.0 
                 0.04 
                 356 
                 16 
               
               
                 Days after 
               
               
                 enrollment 
               
               
                 AKI-Related 
                 Alpha-2 Macroglobulin 
                 4.3 
                 0.02 
                 355 
                 20 
               
               
                 Death within 14 
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
                 4.0 
                 0.03 
                 356 
                 20 
               
               
                 Days after 
               
               
                 enrollment 
               
               
                 AKI-Related 
                 Alpha-2 Macroglobulin 
                 4.3 
                 0.02 
                 355 
                 22 
               
               
                 Death within 28 
                 Apolipoprotein B-100 
                 3.0 
                 0.05 
                 356 
                 22 
               
               
                 Days after 
               
               
                 enrollment 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     While the invention has been described and exemplified in sufficient detail for those skilled in this art to make and use it, various alternatives, modifications, and improvements should be apparent without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The examples provided herein are representative of preferred embodiments, are exemplary, and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention. Modifications therein and other uses will occur to those skilled in the art. These modifications are encompassed within the spirit of the invention and are defined by the scope of the claims. 
     It will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art that varying substitutions and modifications may be made to the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. 
     All patents and publications mentioned in the specification are indicative of the levels of those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. All patents and publications are herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual publication was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. 
     The invention illustratively described herein suitably may be practiced in the absence of any element or elements, limitation or limitations which is not specifically disclosed herein. Thus, for example, in each instance herein any of the terms “comprising”, “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of” may be replaced with either of the other two terms. The terms and expressions which have been employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention that in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention claimed. Thus, it should be understood that although the present invention has been specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, modification and variation of the concepts herein disclosed may be resorted to by those skilled in the art, and that such modifications and variations are considered to be within the scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims. 
     Other embodiments are set forth within the following claims.