Patent Publication Number: US-11653436-B2

Title: Systems and methods for outdoor luminaire wireless control

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to illumination, and more particularly to control of illumination devices and systems. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     Luminaires enjoy widespread use in a variety of industrial, commercial, and municipal applications. Such applications can include general or area lighting of workspaces, roadways, parking lots, and the like. Multiple luminaires are typically arranged in patterns and positioned at intervals sufficient to provide a minimum overall level of illumination across the area of interest. For example, luminaires may be spaced at intervals along a driveway in a multilevel parking garage to provide an overall level of illumination that permits safe ingress and egress by pedestrians as well as permits safe operation of motor vehicles within the parking garage. In a similar manner, luminaires may be spaced at intervals throughout a commercial center parking lot to promote safe operation of motor vehicles, permit safe ingress and egress by customers, and foster a sense of safety and well-being for business patrons within the commercial center. Similarly, a number of luminaires may be spaced along a roadway to provide a level of illumination permitting safe operation of motor vehicles on the roadway and, where applicable, safe passage of pedestrians on sidewalks adjoining the roadway. 
     To simplify power distribution and control wiring, such luminaires may be organized into groups or similar hierarchical power and control structures. For example, multiple luminaires along a roadway may be grouped together on a common power circuit that is controlled using a single, centralized controller to collectively adjust the luminous output of all of the luminaires in the group. In another instance, multiple luminaires within a parking garage may be controlled using a single photocell mounted on the exterior of the parking garage. Such installations may however compromise operational flexibility for ease of installation and simplicity of operation. 
     Energy conservation has become of ever-increasing importance. Efficient use of energy can result in a variety of benefits, including financial benefits such as cost savings and environmental benefits such as preservation of natural resources and reduction in “green house” (e.g., CO 2 ) gas emissions. 
     Residential, commercial, and street lighting which illuminate interior and exterior spaces consume a significant amount of energy. Conventional lighting devices or luminaires exist in a broad range of designs, suitable for various uses. Lighting devices employ a variety of conventional light sources, for example incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps such as high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps (e.g., mercury vapor lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, metal halide lamps). 
     There appears to be at least two primary approaches to reducing energy consumption associated with lighting systems. One approach employs higher efficiency light sources. The other approach selectively provides light only when needed. 
     Use of higher efficiency light sources may, for instance, include replacing incandescent lamps with fluorescent lamps or even with solid-state light sources (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs (OLEDs), polymer LEDs (PLEDs)) to increase energy efficiency. In some instances, these higher efficiency light sources may present a number of problems. For example, fluorescent light sources may take a relatively long time after being turned ON to achieve their full rated level of output light or illumination. Such light sources also typically have a high energy consumption during warm-up. Many higher efficiency light sources emit light with a low color rendering index (CRI). For reference, sunlight has a CRI of 100 and represents “ideal light” which contains a continuous spectrum of visible radiation. Low CRI light is less pleasing to the human eye. Surfaces illuminated with low CRI light may not be perceived in their “true” color. Low CRI light makes it more difficult to discern details, often requiring a higher level of output light or illumination to discern details that would otherwise be discernable in high CRI light. Further, higher efficiency light sources may require additional circuitry (e.g., ballasts) and/or thermal management techniques (e.g., passive or active cooling). 
     Providing illumination only when needed can be achieved manually by a user of the lighting system, or automatically by a control mechanism. Automatic control mechanisms generally fall into two broad categories, timers and environmental sensors. Timer based control mechanisms turn light sources ON and OFF based on time. The times are typically user configurable. Such relies on the user to account for changes or variations in the length of daylight in a 24 hour cycle which may occur throughout a year. Very often, timer based control mechanisms are set once and never updated. 
     Environmental sensor based control mechanisms sense light or illumination levels and/or motion or proximity. Light or illumination level based control mechanisms are commonly referred to as dusk-to-dawn sensors. Dusk-to-dawn light or illumination level based control mechanisms turn the light sources ON when a level of light or illumination in an environment falls below a turn ON threshold (i.e., dusk threshold), and turn the light sources OFF when the level of light or illumination exceeds a turn OFF threshold (i.e., dawn threshold). Light or illumination level based control subsystems advantageously automatically accommodate changes in length of day light throughout the year. 
     Example outdoor lighting systems may include a number of individual luminaires mounted on poles and that are each controlled by a photocontrol (or other mechanism) that controls the AC power to the luminaire for daytime and nighttime operation. This is often accomplished through a standard wired 3-pin twist-lock receptacle (e.g., ANSI C136.10 compliant receptacle) on the luminaire that mates with a compatible photocontrol plug interface (e.g., ANSI C136.10 compliant plug). The photocontrol switches the luminaire power ON/OFF based on the dusk/dawn events. There are also scenarios where groups of luminaires are controlled together by an AC contactor that activates power to the group as a whole, and controlled by a photocontrol, timer, etc. 
     More elaborate lighting networks may cover a large area, such as a city, and may include numerous individual luminaires outfitted with network communication nodes that can each be controlled by a remotely located central management system (CMS). Communication between the luminaires and the CMS may be enabled through mesh or mobile wireless networks, or through powerline communications. The network nodes may additionally offer more capabilities to control the luminaires, such as dimming to specific levels and varying illumination with time, metering of the power being consumed by the luminaire, maintenance alerts regarding luminaire failure or malfunction, and ability to commission and/or decommission the luminaires remotely. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     A wireless adapter system may be summarize as including: an adapter system physical luminaire interface that is physically coupleable to a physical luminaire interface of a luminaire to receive alternating current (AC) power from the luminaire; a first adapter system transceiver that in operation wirelessly communicates with a luminaire transceiver of the luminaire; at least one processor communicatively coupled to the first adapter system transceiver; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one processor and storing at least one of data or instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: cause the first adapter system transceiver to at least one of: wirelessly send data or instructions to the luminaire; or wirelessly receive data or instructions from the luminaire. 
     The adapter system physical luminaire interface may include a 3-wire interface comprising an AC line connection, an AC neutral connection, and an AC switched line connection. The adapter system physical luminaire interface may include a twist lock plug. The adapter system physical luminaire interface may be selectively physically coupleable to a control node physical node interface of a control node in an integrated housing. 
     The wireless adapter system may include an adapter system physical node interface that is selectively physically coupleable to a control node physical node interface of a control node. The adapter system physical node interface may include one of a 5-pin receptacle interface or a 7-pin receptacle interface. In operation, the adapter system physical node interface may provide AC power from the physical luminaire interface of the luminaire to the control node physical node interface of the control node. In operation, the adapter system physical luminaire interface may couple an AC line connection, a neutral connection, and a switched line connection of the luminaire to the control node physical node interface of the control node. In operation, the adapter system physical node interface may enable power switching to and power measurement of the luminaire by the control node. 
     The at least one processor of the wireless adapter system may: receive, via the adapter system physical node interface, at least one of instructions or data; and cause the first adapter system transceiver to wirelessly send the received at least one of instructions or data to the luminaire in a format that is readable by the luminaire. The at least one processor may: receive, via the adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the luminaire; and send, via the adapter system physical node interface, the received at least one of instructions or data to the control node. The at least one processor may include at least one of an analog dimming receiver or a digitally addressable lighting interface (DALI) transceiver. The adapter system physical luminaire interface, adapter system physical node interface, and the first adapter system transceiver may all be disposed in an adapter system housing. 
     The wireless adapter system may include a second adapter system transceiver that in operation communicates wirelessly with an external device over a wireless network. The at least one processor may: receive, via the second adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data; and cause the first adapter system transceiver to wirelessly send the received at least one of instructions or data to the luminaire in a format that is readable by the luminaire. The at least one processor may: receive, via the first adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the luminaire; and send, via the second adapter system transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to an external device over at least one communications network. 
     A method of operating a luminaire may be summarized as including: providing a wireless adapter system comprising an adapter system physical luminaire interface, a first adapter system transceiver, and at least one processor communicatively coupled to the first adapter system transceiver; physically coupling the adapter system physical luminaire interface of the wireless adapter system to a luminaire physical node interface of a luminaire to receive alternating current (AC) power from the luminaire; and causing, by the at least one processor, the first adapter system transceiver to at least one of wirelessly send data or instructions to the luminaire or wirelessly receive data or instructions from the luminaire. 
     The adapter system physical luminaire interface may include a 3-wire interface comprising an AC line connection, an AC neutral connection, and an AC switched line connection, and physically coupling the adapter system physical luminaire interface of the wireless adapter system to a luminaire physical node interface may include physically coupling the AC line connection, the AC neutral connection, and the AC switched line connection to circuitry of the luminaire. The adapter system physical luminaire interface may include a twist lock plug and physically coupling the adapter system physical luminaire interface of the wireless adapter system to a luminaire physical node interface may include physically coupling the twist lock plug to a receptacle of the luminaire. The adapter system physical luminaire interface may be selectively physically coupleable to a control node physical node interface of a control node in an integrated housing. 
     The wireless adapter system may include an adapter system physical node interface, and the method may further include physically coupling the adapter system physical node interface to a control node physical node interface of a control node. The adapter system physical node interface may include one of a 5-pin receptacle interface or a 7-pin receptacle interface, and physically coupling the adapter system physical node interface to a control node physical node interface of a control node may include physically coupling the one of a 5-pin receptacle interface or the 7-pin receptacle interface to a plug of the control node. The method may include providing, via the adapter system physical luminaire interface, AC power from the physical luminaire interface of the luminaire to the control node physical node interface of the control node. The method may include receiving, by the at least one processor via the adapter system physical node interface, at least one of instructions or data; and causing, by the at least one processor, the first adapter system transceiver to wirelessly send the received at least one of instructions or data to the luminaire in a format that is readable by the luminaire. The method may include receiving, by the at least one processor via the first adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the luminaire; and sending, by the at least one processor via the adapter system physical node interface, the received at least one of instructions or data to the control node. 
     The wireless adapter system may include a second adapter system transceiver, and the method may further include communicating, via the second adapter system transceiver, wirelessly with an external device over a wireless network. The method may include receiving, by the at least one processor via the second adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data; and causing, by the at least one processor, the first adapter system transceiver to wirelessly send the received at least one of instructions or data to the luminaire in a format that is readable by the luminaire. The method may include receiving, by the at least one processor via the first adapter system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the luminaire; and sending, by the at least one processor via the second adapter system transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to an external device over at least one communications network. 
     An illumination system may be summarized as including: a plurality of terminal luminaires, each of the terminal luminaires including: at least one terminal luminaire processor; at least one light source operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor; a terminal luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor, in operation the terminal luminaire transceiver communicates via a first communications protocol; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor and storing at least one of data or instructions; a gateway luminaire including: at least one gateway luminaire processor; at least one light source operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor; a first gateway luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor, in operation the first gateway luminaire transceiver communicates via the first communications protocol; a second gateway luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor, in operation the second gateway luminaire transceiver communicates via a second communications protocol, the second communications protocol different from the first communications protocol; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor and storing at least one of data or instructions which, when executed by the at least one gateway luminaire processor, cause the at least one gateway luminaire processor to: receive, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from at least one mobile system; and send, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to at least one of the plurality of terminal luminaires. 
     At least some of the plurality of terminal luminaires may communicate with other of the plurality of terminal luminaires using the first communications protocol via respective terminal luminaire transceivers. Each of the plurality of terminal luminaires may communicate with at least one gateway luminaire using the first communications protocol via respective terminal luminaire transceivers. The first and second communication protocols may be wireless communications protocols, the first and second communications protocols may have first and second ranges, respectively, and the first range may be greater than the second range. The at least one gateway luminaire processor: may receive, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of commissioning data, decommissioning data, dimming level data, light schedule data, firmware update data or operational parameter data from the at least one mobile system. The at least one gateway luminaire processor: may receive, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from at least one of the plurality of terminal luminaires; and may send, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to the at least one mobile system. The illumination system may further include: a mobile system including: at least one mobile system processor; a first mobile system transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one mobile system processor, in operation the first mobile system transceiver communicates via the second communications protocol; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one mobile system processor and storing at least one of data or instructions which, when executed by the at least one mobile system processor, may cause the at least one mobile system processor to: send, via the first mobile system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data to the gateway luminaire; or receive, via the first mobile system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the gateway luminaire. The mobile system may include: a second mobile system transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one mobile system processor, wherein the at least one mobile system processor: may send, via the second mobile system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data to at least one remote processor-based device; or may receive, via the second mobile system transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from the remote processor-based device. The second mobile system transceiver may communicate via the first communications protocol. The second mobile system transceiver may communicate via a third communications protocol, the third communications protocol different from the first and second communications protocols. The third communications protocol may include a mobile telecommunications protocol. The at least one terminal luminaire processor: may receive, via the terminal luminaire transceiver, sensor data from at least one sensor; and may send, via the terminal luminaire transceiver, the received sensor data to the gateway luminaire. The at least one terminal luminaire processor: may store the sensor data temporarily in the nontransitory processor-readable storage medium of the terminal luminaire. The at least one sensor may include at least one of a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a noise sensor, or a gunshot detection sensor. The illumination system may further include: a data storage device, including: at least one data storage device processor; a data storage device transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one data storage device processor; and at least one data storage device nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one data storage device processor and storing at least one of data or instructions which, when executed by the at least one data storage device processor, may cause the at least one data storage device processor to: receive, via the data storage device transceiver, sensor; and store the received sensor data in the at least one data storage device nontransitory processor-readable storage medium. The at least one gateway luminaire processor: may receive, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, sensor data from at least one of the terminal luminaires; and may send, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received sensor data to the at least one mobile system. The at least one sensor may include at least one of a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a noise sensor, or a gunshot detection sensor. 
     A method of operating an illumination system, the illumination system including a plurality of terminal luminaires each including a terminal luminaire transceiver which communicates via a first communications protocol and a gateway luminaire including first and second gateway transceivers which communicate via first and second communications protocols, respectively, the method may be summarized as including: receiving, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from at least one mobile system via the second communications protocol; and sending, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to at least one of the plurality of terminal luminaires via the first communications protocol. 
     Receiving at least one of instructions or data from at least one mobile system may include receiving at least one of commissioning data, decommissioning data, dimming level data, light schedule data, firmware update data or operational parameter data from the at least one mobile system. The method may further include: receiving, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, luminaire information from at least one of the terminal luminaires, the luminaire information including at least one of identifier information, operational information, or maintenance information for at least one of the terminal luminaires; and sending, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received luminaire information to the at least one mobile system. The method may further include: receiving, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from at least one of the plurality of terminal luminaires; and sending, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to the at least one mobile system. The method may further include: sending, via a first mobile system transceiver of a mobile system, at least one of instructions or data to the gateway luminaire via the second communications protocol; or receiving, via the first mobile system transceiver of the mobile system, at least one of instructions or data from the gateway luminaire via the second communications protocol. The method may further include: sending, via a second mobile system transceiver of the mobile system, at least one of instructions or data to at least one remote processor-based device; or receiving, via the second mobile system transceiver of the mobile system, at least one of instructions or data from the gateway luminaire. Sending or receiving via the second mobile system transceiver may include sending or receiving at least one of instructions or data via the first communications protocol. Sending or receiving via the second mobile system transceiver may include sending or receiving at least one of instructions or data via a third communications protocol, the third communications protocol different from the first and second communications protocols. Sending or receiving via the second mobile system may include sending or receiving at least one of instructions or data via the third communications protocol, the third communications protocol including a mobile telecommunications protocol. The method may further include: receiving, via a data storage device transceiver communicatively coupled to a data storage device, sensor data; and storing the received sensor data in at least one data storage device nontransitory processor-readable storage medium of the data storage device. The method may further include: receiving, via a terminal luminaire transceiver of one of the plurality of terminal luminaires, sensor data from at least one sensor; and sending, via the terminal luminaire transceiver, the received sensor data to the gateway luminaire. Receiving sensor data from the at least one sensor may include receiving sensor data from at least one sensor which includes at least one of: a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a noise sensor, or a gunshot detection sensor. The method may further include: receiving, via first gateway luminaire transceiver, sensor data from at least one of the terminal luminaires; and sending, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received sensor data to the at least one mobile system. Receiving sensor data may include receiving sensor data which originates from at least one of: a motion sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a noise sensor, or a gunshot detection sensor. 
     An illumination system may be summarized as including: a plurality of terminal luminaires, each of the terminal luminaires including: at least one terminal luminaire processor; at least one light source operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor; a terminal luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor, in operation the terminal luminaire transceiver communicates via a first communications protocol; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one terminal luminaire processor and storing at least one of data or instructions; a gateway luminaire including: at least one gateway luminaire processor; at least one light source operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor; a first gateway luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor, in operation the first gateway luminaire transceiver communicates via the first communications protocol; a second gateway luminaire transceiver operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor, in operation the second gateway luminaire transceiver communicates via a second communications protocol, the second communications protocol different from the first communications protocol; and at least one nontransitory processor-readable storage medium operatively coupled to the at least one gateway luminaire processor and storing at least one of data or instructions which, when executed by the at least one gateway luminaire processor, cause the at least one gateway luminaire processor to: receive, via the first gateway luminaire transceiver, at least one of instructions or data from at least one of the plurality of terminal luminaires; and send, via the second gateway luminaire transceiver, the received at least one of instructions or data to at least one mobile system. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the drawings, identical reference numbers identify similar elements or acts. The sizes and relative positions of elements in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the shapes of various elements and angles are not necessarily drawn to scale, and some of these elements may be arbitrarily enlarged and positioned to improve drawing legibility. Further, the particular shapes of the elements as drawn, are not necessarily intended to convey any information regarding the actual shape of the particular elements, and may have been solely selected for ease of recognition in the drawings. 
         FIG.  1    is a pictorial diagram of an illumination system that includes a wireless adapter system, according to at least one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  2    is a pictorial diagram of an illumination system that includes a wireless adapter system having a receptacle interface disposed in an adapter system housing and a wireless interface circuit disposed in a housing of a luminaire, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  3 A  is a pictorial diagram of a post top luminaire fixture that includes a wireless LED bulb therein and a wireless-enabled adapter system disposed inside a housing of the fixture, according to one illustrated implementation 
         FIG.  3 B  is a pictorial diagram of a post top luminaire fixture that includes a wireless LED bulb there and a wireless-enabled adapter system disposed inside a housing of the fixture that is hardwired to a control node, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  4    is a pictorial diagram of a post top luminaire fixture that includes a wireless LED bulb and a wireless-enabled adapter system disposed on a top portion of a housing of the fixture, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  5    is a pictorial diagram of a post top luminaire fixture that includes a wireless LED bulb and a wireless adapter system that is mounted to a pole that supports the fixture, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  6    is a functional block diagram of a wireless adapter system, a wireless-enabled luminaire, and a control node, according to at least one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  7 A  is a pictorial diagram of an illumination system that includes a wireless adapter that is selectively coupleable to a luminaire and a control node, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  7 B  is a pictorial diagram of an illumination system that includes a wireless adapter that is selectively coupleable to a luminaire and a control node, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  8    is a pictorial diagram of an integrated lamp control node, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  9    is a functional block diagram of the integrated lamp control node of  FIG.  8   , according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  10    is a pictorial diagram of an environment in which an illumination system may be implemented, according to at least one illustrated implementation in which communications with a central management system is provided over a primary communications network and communications with a plurality of luminaires is provided over a secondary communications network. 
         FIG.  11    is a pictorial diagram of a number of luminaires of the illumination system of  FIG.  10   , according to at least one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  12    is a functional block diagram of a gateway luminaire, a terminal luminaire, and a mobile system of the illumination system of  FIG.  10   , according to at least one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  13    is a functional block diagram of a central management system, a gateway luminaire, a terminal luminaire and a mobile system of the illumination system of  FIG.  10   , according to at least one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  14    is a pictorial diagram of an illumination system that gathers data from a plurality of wireless sensors, according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  15    is a functional block diagram of the illumination system of  FIG.  14   , according to one illustrated implementation. 
         FIG.  16    a pictorial diagram of an illumination system which includes a secondary communications network node, a primary network control node coupled to the secondary communications network node, and a luminaire, according to at least one implementation. 
         FIG.  17    a pictorial diagram of a luminaire system comprising a plurality of luminaires, a primary network node, and a secondary control appliance (e.g., wireless adaptor) the primary network node and the secondary control appliance communicatively coupled to one another and which communicatively couples the luminaires to a luminaire management system via a mobile or cellular network, a secondary communications network, and optionally a tertiary communications network, according to at least one implementation. 
         FIG.  18    is a pictorial diagram of a luminaire system comprising a central management system, a primary network gateway communicatively coupled to the central management system via a primary network, a first set of lights that are communicatively coupled as an intermediate network, a second set of lights that are communicatively coupled as a first secondary network, and a third set of lights that are communicatively coupled as a second secondary network, where the intermediate network may include a primary network/intermediate network gateway, and the first and the second secondary networks may each include respective secondary network appliances and network control nodes, according to at least one implementation. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various disclosed implementations. However, one skilled in the relevant art will recognize that implementations may be practiced without one or more of these specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures associated with computer systems, server computers, and/or communications networks have not been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring descriptions of the implementations. 
     Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims that follow, the word “comprising” is synonymous with “including,” and is inclusive or open-ended (i.e., does not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method acts). 
     Reference throughout this specification to “one implementation” or “an implementation” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the implementation is included in at least one implementation. Thus, the appearances of the phrases “in one implementation” or “in an implementation” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same implementation. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more implementations. 
     As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be noted that the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. 
     The headings and Abstract of the Disclosure provided herein are for convenience only and do not interpret the scope or meaning of the implementations. 
     More elaborate lighting networks may cover a large area, such as a park, highway, or city, and may include numerous individual luminaires outfitted with network communication nodes or “lamp control nodes” that can each be controlled by a remotely located central management system (CMS). Communication between the luminaires and the CMS may be enabled through mesh or mobile wireless networks, or through powerline communications. In addition to photocontrol capability, the lamp control nodes may additionally offer more capabilities to control the luminaires, such as dimming to specific levels and varying illumination with time, metering of the power being consumed by the luminaire, maintenance alerts regarding luminaire failure or malfunction, and ability to commission and/or decommission the luminaires remotely. 
     These extended capabilities are accomplished through an expanded version of the three wire twist-lock receptacle that includes more interface pins (e.g., 5 or 7 total pins) and wires for dimming control and for reading status signals from the luminaire. This expanded version is described in the ANSI C136.41 standard. The extra pins or pads allow dimming through a standard 0-10 V analog interface or through a digital lighting protocol referred to as Digitally Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) that typically interfaces to the power control electronics in the luminaire. The extra control lines usually route to specialized lighting drivers of the luminaire that recognize the specific control input appropriately. 
     A problem arises when an existing street light luminaire is being upgraded in the field to the 5-pin or 7-pin (e.g., ANSI C136.41) network control capabilities from the traditional 3-pin interface (e.g., ANSI C136.10). At a minimum, the 3-pin receptacle on the luminaire needs to be replaced by the 5-pin or 7-pin version and the wires connected appropriately. In most cases, the existing driver electronics for the lighting of the luminaire have no connections available for the extra control lines from the receptacle unless the driver was originally specified to be a more advanced model. The result is that the driver of the luminaire is also replaced and is likely a major percentage of the cost of the entire luminaire, not including the labor involved in the replacement. This would be a normal scenario in upgrading many of the already-deployed LED street and roadway luminaires to date, as the network control rollouts are in their infancy with few deployed. 
     The problem is compounded for decorative post top street and area lights, most of which have not yet converted to LED lighting. The majority of these post top lights have internal electronics housed at the base of the light fixture or at the base of the pole. They often include the standard 3-pin receptacle and photocontrol either on top of the post top fixture, or tucked away inside with the other electronics with a peep hole for the photocontrol sensor. In this scenario, the only viable solution for upgrading the luminaire to LED lighting and including the ability to support the 5-pin or 7-pin control node is to replace the entire luminaire with a modern unit. This can be very expensive, especially for highly ornate fixtures, and it may be impossible to duplicate the look of older, historical luminaires with modern replacements. 
     One or more implementations of the present disclosure provide systems, methods and articles which leverage the wireless communication capability present in wireless-enabled luminaires where the lamps include a short-range wireless transceiver (e.g. Bluetooth® transceiver) and can be controlled by a CMS and/or a smart appliance (e.g., smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer). In at least some implementations, the wireless capability embedded in the luminaire may be paired with a second compatible wireless interface to standard plug-in photocontrols and wireless lamp control nodes, or any wireless-enabled control device (e.g., secondary communications network node, secondary control appliance) of any form factor within proximity of the luminaire. 
     In at least some implementations, a wireless adapter system may be provided that replaces the standard 3-pin, 5-pin or 7-pin wired receptacle. The wireless adapter system may include a 3-wire interface (e.g., line, neutral, switched line) to the luminaire which provides power to the wireless adapter system. The wireless adapter system may include a receptacle interface (e.g., 5-pin, 7-pin) that receives a plug (e.g., 3-pin, 5-pin, 7-pin) of a control device, such as photocontrol or a networked control node. The wireless adapter system may also include a wireless interface circuit that communicates control, status or other data between the connected control device and the luminaire. The wireless adapter system may accumulate information (e.g., operational status, power draw) from multiple luminaires of a secondary communications network or communications subnetwork and provide the accumulated information or an aggregation of the accumulated information to a central management system via a primary communications network (e.g., mobile or cellular communications network). Additionally or alternatively, the wireless adapter system may accumulate instructions received from a central management system via a primary communications network (e.g., mobile or cellular communications network) and provide the instructions one or more luminaries via a secondary communications network or communications subnetwork. Thus, the wireless adapter system advantageously makes a plurality or group of luminaries appear as a single luminaire to the central management system. In at least some implementations, the wireless interface circuit may replace some or all of the control lines from any control device while offering the same capabilities available to the smart appliance. 
       FIG.  1    shows an illumination system  100  which includes a wireless-enabled adapter system  102 , which may be a specific “plug-in” embodiment of a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance. The adapter system  102  includes a housing  104  that includes a receptacle interface  106  on a top surface  108  thereof. As a non-limiting example, the receptacle interface  106  may be a 5-pin or a 7-pin receptacle interface (e.g., ANSI C146.41) that receives a 5-pin or 7-pin plug  110  of a networked control node  112   a  or 3-pin plug  114  of a standard photocontrol  112   b , collectively referred to herein as control nodes  112 . The adapter system  102  includes a 3-wire interface  116  (or physical node interface) that may be electrically coupled to circuitry of a luminaire  118 , thereby replacing a standard 3-wire luminaire receptacle of the luminaire. The luminaire  118  may comprise an AreaMax™ LED area lighting fixture available from Evluma of Renton, Wash., for example. The 3-wire interface  116  provides AC power from the luminaire  118  to the adapter system  102 , and also provides AC power to the control node  112  (e.g., the photocontrol  112   b , the networked control node  112   a ) coupled to the receptacle interface  106  of the wireless-enabled adapter system  102 . The wires of the 3-wire interface  116  may include line, neutral, and a switched line, for example. 
     The wireless adapter system  102  also includes a short-range wireless interface circuit  120  (e.g., Bluetooth® radio, WiFi® radio) disposed in the housing  104 . In operation, the wireless adapter system  102  receives via the wired receptacle interface  106  ON/OFF, dimming, or other commands or data from the control node  112  and autonomously interprets or translates those signals using one or more processors, for example. The received interpreted signals are translated into wireless signals that are transmitted by the wireless interface circuit  120  of the adapter system  102  and received by the wireless-enabled luminaire  118 , as well as by other wireless-enabled luminaire within a range of the wireless signals. Similarly, the adapter system  102  may receive via the wireless interface circuit  120  signals encoding data or instructions from the luminaire  118 , as well as from other wireless-enabled luminaire within a range of the wireless signals, and may interpret and transmit the signals to the control node  112  via the wired receptacle interface  106 . As described herein, the adapter system  102  may accumulate, aggregate and store data or information received from one or a plurality of luminaires  118 , and/or provide an accumulated or aggregated representation of the information to a remotely located central management system (CMS)  124 . The instructions or commands may be in the form of switch-controlled ON/OFF signals, analog dimming with dim-to-off capability (e.g., 0-10 V), digital control and status commands (e.g., DALI), or any other types of signals. 
     As noted above, the luminaire  118 , as well as other luminaires within the vicinity, may contain one or more short-range wireless network interfaces (e.g., Bluetooth®, WiFi) that allow the luminaire to communicate with wireless adapter system  102  disposed proximate (e.g., within 150 meters, within 100 meters, within 50 meters) the luminaires. Additionally, or alternatively, a mobile system  122  may wireless communicate via the wireless adapter system  102 . Although only one luminaire is shown for explanatory purposes, it should be appreciated than in practice some applications may have a plurality of luminaires (e.g., 2 luminaires, 100 luminaires, 1000 luminaires). 
     The control node  112   a  may communicate instructions and/or data with the CMS  124  via a network. The control node  112   a  may be a specific “plug-in” embodiment of a primary network control node or primary network node. As an example, the wireless-enabled adapter system  102  may communicate with the CMS  124  via an access point (e.g., cellular tower, WIFI® access point) communicatively coupled to the CMS via one or more suitable data communications networks (e.g., mobile or cellular telecommunications network(s), Internet). 
     In the implementation shown in  FIG.  1   , the wireless-enabled adapter system  102  includes the wired receptacle interface  106  and the wireless interface circuit  120  (e.g., Bluetooth® radio, WiFi® radio) in the single housing  104 .  FIG.  2    shows an implementation of an illumination system  200  that includes a wireless-enabled adapter system  202  that is implemented as two or more discrete entities comprising a wired receptacle interface  204  (e.g., 5-pin, 7-pin) disposed within a housing  203  of the adapter system  202  and a wireless interface circuit  206  positioned within a housing  208  of a wireless-enabled luminaire  210 . In this implementation, the wired receptacle interface  204  includes a receptacle interface (e.g., 5-pin, 7-pin) that selectively receives a plug of a control node  205  (e.g., networked control node, photocontrol). The wired receptacle interface  204  is coupled to a 3-wire interface that connects to a circuit board in the luminaire housing  208 , and the wireless interface circuit  206  wirelessly communicates with a wireless module of the wireless-enabled luminaire(s)  210  inside respective luminaire housings  208 . Thus, the functionality of the wireless adapter system  102  of  FIG.  1    is achieved without requiring the wireless interface circuit  206  (or other circuitry) to be disposed in the housing  203  of the adapter system  202 , thereby allowing the housing  203  of the adapter system  202  to be smaller than the housing  104  of the adapter system  102  of  FIG.  1   . 
       FIGS.  3 - 5    show various mounting options for the wireless adapter systems of the present disclosure in decorative post top luminaires. In particular,  FIG.  3 A  shows a post top luminaire fixture  300  that includes a wireless LED bulb  302  therein and a wireless-enabled adapter system  304  disposed inside a housing  306  of the fixture  300 . A control node  308  is shown being connected to the wireless-enabled adapter system  304 .  FIG.  3 B  shows a post top luminaire fixture  300   b  that includes a wireless LED bulb  302   b  therein and a wireless-enabled adapter system  304   b  disposed inside a housing  306   b  of the fixture  300   b . A control node  308   b  that includes an external antenna  310   b  is shown with a hardwired connection  312   b  to the wireless-enabled adapter system  304   b  instead of a plug-in node.  FIG.  4    shows a post top luminaire fixture  400  that includes a wireless LED bulb  402  and a wireless-enabled adapter system  404  disposed on a top portion of a housing  406  of the fixture  400 . A control node  408  is shown as being connected to a receptacle interface  410  of the wireless-enabled adapter system  404 .  FIG.  5    shows a post top luminaire fixture  500  that includes a wireless LED bulb  502  and a wireless adapter system  504  that is mounted to a pole  506  that supports the luminaire fixture  500 . A control node  508  is shown being connected to the wireless-enabled adapter system  504 . As a non-limiting example, the wireless LED bulbs  302 ,  402  and/or  502  may each comprise an OmniMax™ LED area lighting fixture available from Evluma of Renton, Wash. In each of the examples shown in  FIGS.  3 - 5   , a control node (e.g., networked control node, photocontrol) may be coupled to the adapter system (e.g., adapter systems  304 ,  404  or  504 ) to provide the functionality discussed herein. 
       FIG.  6    shows a schematic block diagram of an illumination system  600  that includes a wireless-enabled adapter system (e.g., plug-in embodiment of secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance)  602  coupled to a wireless-enabled luminaire  604  and coupled to a networked control node (e.g., plug-in embodiment of primary network control node or primary network node)  606 . The networked control node  606  may communicate via a suitable network  610  (e.g., mobile or cellular network) with a central management system (CMS)  608 .  FIG.  6    and the following discussion provide a brief, general description of the components forming the illustrative illumination system  600  in which the various illustrated implementations can be practiced. Although not required, some portion of the implementations will be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions or logic and/or data, such as program application modules, objects, or macros being executed by a computer. Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the illustrated implementations as well as other implementations can be practiced with other computer system or processor-based device configurations, including handheld devices, for instance Web enabled cellular phones or PDAs, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, personal computers (“PCs”), network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The implementations can be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks or modules are performed by remote processing devices, which are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices. 
     The luminaire  604  may include one or more light sources  612  (e.g., LEDs), AC connections and filtering circuitry  614 , a power supply system  616 , a control system  618  (e.g., one or more processors, RAM, ROM, buses, interfaces), a physical luminaire interface  620 , a programmable light driver  622 , and a wireless short-range radio or transceiver  624  which communicates via a wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®). 
     The wireless adapter system (e.g., “plug-in” embodiment of a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance)  602  may include a control system  626 , a wireless short-range radio or transceiver  628 , a power supply system  630 , a physical luminaire interface  632 , a physical node interface  634 , an analog dimming receiver  636 , and a DALI transceiver  638 . 
     The networked control node  606  may include a control system  640 , a wireless network radio or transceiver  642 , a power supply system  644 , AC connections and filtering circuitry  646 , a luminaire power measurement module  648 , an ON/OFF controller  650 , an analog dimming controller  652 , an optional DALI transceiver  654 , optional sensors and/or a GPS receiver  656 , and a physical node interface  658 . 
     The AC connections and filtering circuitry  614  of the luminaire  604  may be electrically coupled with a power distribution system  660 . The AC connections and filtering circuitry  614  may receive an AC power signal from the power distribution system  660 , and the power supply system  616  may generate a DC power output from the AC power input to system components of the luminaire  604 . The programmable light driver  622  may supply the generated DC power output to the light sources  612  to power the light sources. The light sources  612  may include one or more of a variety of conventional light sources, for example, incandescent lamps or fluorescent lamps such as high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps (e.g., mercury vapor lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, metal halide lamps). The light sources may also include one or more solid-state light sources (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs (OLEDs), polymer LEDs (PLEDs)). 
     The control systems  618 ,  626  and/or  640  may each include one or more logic processing units, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), graphics processors (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. Unless described otherwise, the construction and operation of the various blocks shown in  FIG.  6    are of conventional design. As a result, such blocks need not be described in further detail herein, as they will be understood by those skilled in the relevant art. The control systems  618 ,  626  and/or  640  may utilize a system bus that employs any known bus structures or architectures. The control systems  618 ,  626  and/or  640  may include system memory that includes read-only memory (“ROM”) and/or random access memory (“RAM”). The control systems  618 ,  626  and/or  640  also may include one or more drives for reading from and writing to one or more nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media (e.g., hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk). The drive may communicate with one or more processors via a system bus. The drive may include interfaces or controllers coupled between such drives and a system bus, as is known by those skilled in the art. The drives and their associated nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media provide nonvolatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the control systems. Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that other types of computer-readable media may be employed to store data accessible by a computer. 
     The physical luminaire interface  632  of the wireless adapter system  602  may be a 3-wire interface (line, neutral, switched line) that connects to the physical luminaire interface  620  (e.g., circuit board) of the luminaire  604 . The physical node interface  634  may be a 5-pin or 7-pin receptacle interface (e.g., ANSI C146.41 compliant receptacle) that mates with the physical node interface  658  (e.g., ANSI C146.41 compliant plug) of the networked control node  606 . 
     In operation, the networked control node  606  receives power from the luminaire  604  via the adapter system  602 , and sends an ON/OFF signal to the luminaire via the physical luminaire interface  632  (e.g., via the switched line of the 3-wire interface). The wireless adapter system  602  also receives or transmits analog dimming signals and/or DALI signals to and from the networked control node  606  via the physical connection between the physical node interface  634  of the adapter system  602  and the physical node interface  658  of the networked control node  606 . The signals received by the analog dimming receiver  636  (or transceiver) or the DALI transceiver  638  may be processed (e.g., translated, interpreted, decoded) into a wireless format that may be sent wirelessly to the luminaire  604 . More generally, the wireless adapter system  602  may communicate with the networked control node  606  via the physical node interfaces  634  and  658 , and may communicate such information or data with the luminaire  604  via the wireless short-range radios  624  and  628 . Thus, the luminaire  604  may utilize the added functionality provided by the networked control node  606 . 
     Advantageously, the wireless adapter systems discussed above may be added to a wireless-enabled luminaire replacing a 3-pin receptacle originally controlled by a basic photocontrol for dusk and dawn transitions. Such allows the photocontrol to be replaced by an enhanced 7-pin lamp control node to provide all of the extended control and status capabilities in the luminaire to be managed by a remote CMS with no other changes to the luminaire. This saves the cost and labor of also replacing an incompatible driver of the luminaire that does not support the enhanced control capabilities of the control node. 
     Additionally, for decorative post top luminaires (see  FIGS.  3 - 5   ), the implementations discussed above enable an upgrade from traditional HID bulbs to more energy efficient and long-lasting LED bulb retrofits that are wirelessly enabled. The wireless 7-pin adapter systems can also replace any existing 3-pin receptacle to enable the addition of a networked lamp control node. The resulting combination is significantly less expensive than replacing the entire fixture or replacing all of the electronics with a custom retrofit assembly. Further, if a 3-pin receptacle is housed inside the luminaire housing, an external antenna on the wireless controller may be all that is required. Additionally, if the luminaire has no existing 3-pin receptacle, a wireless 7-pin adapter system may be added on a bracket internally or externally and wired to the appropriate power lines. 
     In both of the above cases, the luminaire maintains the capability to interface to a smart appliance through the wireless interface. This provides a backup or alternative solution to the wireless network interface should the control node or network fail and the luminaire&#39;s settings need to be adjusted. 
       FIG.  7 A  shows another implementation of an illumination system  700   a  that includes a wireless adapter (e.g., plug-in embodiment of secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance)  702   a  that includes a housing  704   a  that includes a 3-pin plug  706   a  on a bottom surface thereof and a 5-pin or 7-pin receptacle  708   a  on a top surface thereof. The housing  704   a  of the wireless adapter  702   a  also includes a wireless interface circuit  710   a  (e.g., Bluetooth® radio, WiFi® radio) and other components (e.g., control system, power management, dimming receiver, DALI transceiver) as discussed above with reference to the adapter system  602  of  FIG.  6   . The 3-pin plug  706   a  plugs into an existing 3-pin receptacle  712   a  of a wireless-enabled luminaire  714   a  and converts the luminaire to a 5 or 7-pin receptacle, eliminating the 3-wire interface control limitations on the receptacle  712   a  of the luminaire. The wireless adapter  702   a  provides the 7-pin-compatible receptacle  708   a  for any traditional 3/5/7 pin control node  716   a  to plug into the luminaire  714   a . The wireless adapter  702   a  may convert 0-10 V dimming commands, and/or DALI commands and status to the equivalent wireless commands that may be transmitted to the luminaire  714   a . Power for the integrated control node  716   a  may also be provided from the luminaire  714   a  through plug  706   a  and receptacle  708   a  the wireless adapter  702   a . Advantageously, no physical modification or rewiring of the luminaire  714   a  or integrated control node  716   a  is required. 
     The functional blocks for the wireless adapter  702   a  may be similar or identical to the wireless adapter system  602  shown in  FIG.  6   . In this implementation, the physical luminaire interface  632  comprises a standard 3-pin plug (e.g., standard twist lock plug) rather than a 3-wire interface. The 3-pin plug physically connects to the physical luminaire interface  620  of a luminaire, which in this implementation is the standard 3-pin receptacle of the luminaire. In addition to the advantages of the wireless adapter systems discussed above, in this implementation the wireless adapter  702   a  provides a simple plug-in adapter requiring no additional wiring or connections in the luminaire  714   a.    
       FIG.  7 B  shows another implementation of an illumination system  700   b  that includes a wireless adapter (e.g., plug-in embodiment of secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance)  702   b  that includes a housing  704   b  that includes a 5/7-pin plug  706   b  on a bottom surface thereof and a 5-pin or 7-pin receptacle  708   b  on a top surface thereof. The housing  704   b  of the wireless adapter  702   b  also includes a wireless interface circuit  710   b  (e.g., Bluetooth® radio, WiFi® radio) and other components (e.g., control system, power management, dimming receiver, DALI transceiver) as discussed above with reference to the adapter system  602  of  FIG.  6   . The 5/7-pin plug  706   b  plugs into an existing 5/7-pin receptacle  712   b  of a luminaire  714   b  and. The wireless adapter  702   b  preserves the 7-pin-compatible receptacle  708   b  for any traditional 3/5/7 pin control node  716   b  to plug into the luminaire  714   b . The wireless adapter  702   b  may convert 0-10 V dimming commands, and/or DALI commands and status to the equivalent wired commands that may be wiredly passed to the luminaire  714   b  from the control node. Power for the integrated control node  716   b  may also be provided from the luminaire  714   b  through plug  706   b  and receptacle  708   b  the wireless adapter  702   b . Control of the luminaire can be directly from the plug-in control nodes, and/or from the wireless adapter communicating with the mobile system  122  of  FIG.  1   , and converted to the wired signal command to the luminaire. Advantageously, no physical modification or rewiring of the luminaire  714   b  or integrated control node  716   b  is required while adding the ability to control the luminaire from the mobile system  122 . The mobile system  122  (e.g., smartphone, tablet computer) can also communicate with a network of luminaires wirelessly enabled through individual wireless adapters on each otherwise non-wireless luminaire. As previously described, the control note could be physically integrated with the wireless adaptor. 
       FIG.  8    shows another implementation of an illumination system  800  that includes an integrated control node  802  that contains both a short-range wireless radio (e.g., Bluetooth® radio, WiFi® radio) and a longer range wireless network radio (e.g., cellular network radio) operating together to enable control of a luminaire  804  and other luminaires from a remote central management system (CMS)  806  or other external device. The integrated control node  802  includes a plug  808  that plugs into a 3-pin or 7-pin receptacle  810  on the luminaire  804  for physical mounting of the integrated control node  802  and to also obtain AC power from the luminaire. The control of the luminaire  804  and other luminaires in the vicinity, however, is accomplished via short range wireless signals through a connection between the integrated control node  802  and the wireless-enabled luminaire  804 . All commands initiated to the integrated control node  802  via the wireless network radio from the CMS  806  over the wireless network are sent to the luminaire  804  over the short range wireless connection. Similarly, all response information is returned to via the short range wireless interface from the luminaire  804  to the integrated control node  802  and returned to the CMS  806  over the wireless network. The luminaire  806  can still also be controlled by a smart appliance  812 , as discussed above, and/or data collected thereby. 
       FIG.  9    illustrates the integrated control node  802  and luminaire  804  of  FIG.  8    and their interfaces in more detail. The luminaire  804  includes one or more light sources  900  (e.g., LEDs), AC connections and filtering circuitry  902 , a power supply system  904 , a control system  906  (e.g., one or more processors), a physical luminaire interface  908 , a programmable light driver  910 , and a wireless short-range radio or transceiver  912  which communicates via a wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®). The features of many of these components are discussed above. 
     The integrated control node  802  includes a control system  914 , a short-range wireless radio or transceiver  916  to communicate with one or more luminaires via one communications network and protocol, a wireless network radio or transceiver  918  to communicate with the CMS  806  via another communications network and protocol, a power supply system  920 , a physical luminaire interface  922 , AC connections and filtering circuitry  924 , a luminaire power measurement module  926 , and optional sensors and/or a GPS receiver  928 . As discussed above with reference to  FIG.  8   , the physical luminaire interface  922  of the integrated control node  802  may be a standard plug (e.g., 3-pin, 5-pin, 7-pin) and the physical luminaire interface  908  of the luminaire  804  may be a standard receptacle (e.g., 3-pin, 5-pin, 7-pin). 
     The integrated control node  802  provides several advantages. First, the integrated control node  802  may be added to a wireless luminaire containing only a 3-pin receptacle originally controlled by a basic photocontrol for dusk and dawn transitions. This provides all of the extended control and status capabilities in the luminaires to be managed by a remote CMS without the expense of upgrading the luminaire&#39;s physical socket, wiring, and electronics required to support the standard implementation. Second, the integrated control node  802  may be added to a 5-pin socket implementation designed for only remote 0-10 V analog control. This provides all of the control and status capabilities of a full 7-pin (DALI) implementation without added cost in the luminaires. In both of the above cases, the luminaires maintain the capability to interface to a CMS and/or smart appliance via the short range wireless interface (e.g., Bluetooth®). The smart appliance provides a backup or alternative solution to the wireless network interface should the node or network fail and the luminaire&#39;s settings need to be adjusted. 
     One or more implementations of the present disclosure provide systems, methods and articles which utilize luminaires that include wireless communication capabilities that allow a plurality of luminaires to be controlled via a secondary communications network which can be implemented via, for example secondary communications network radio that may be part of a secondary communications node (e.g., wireless adaptor), luminaire control circuitry or a luminaire fixture disposed proximate the other luminaires. One or more implementations discussed herein allow for control of a network (e.g. subnetwork) of wireless-enabled luminaires, for example legacy luminaries where the legacy luminaire fixture was not originally wirelessly-enabled but can or has be retrofitted with, for instance: a wirelessly-enabled light source or a wireless-enabled adapter system (e.g., plug in). Such may advantageously allow communications with a plurality of luminaries without requiring those luminaries to communicate directly with a central management system (CMS). For instance, a secondary communications network node or wireless adaptor may intermediate communications between the CMS and a secondary network comprised of legacy luminaires that were installed without wireless communications capability but later retrofitted with wireless communications capability. This may advantageously eliminate wiring and/or reduce a load on a given communications network. This may also, for example, allow control of historically significant posts and historically significant luminaires by the CMS, and collection of data therefrom, without requiring expensive replacement of the historically significant luminaires which are highly prized in certain historically significant neighborhoods. Information collected from the luminaires via the secondary communications network may be aggregated and uploaded by the secondary communications node (e.g., wireless adaptor) to a central management system (CMS) or data repository. Further, in at least some implementations, the secondary communications nodes (e.g., wireless adaptors) may use their wireless communication ability to obtain data from nearby wireless sensors, which sensor information may be collected via the secondary communications network from one or more luminaires in the secondary network of luminaires. The sensor data and/or other data (e.g., luminaire-related data) may be uploaded to the CMS or data repository in a non-real-time period, for example in aggregated or non-aggregated form. 
       FIG.  10    shows an example operating environment or area  1000  for an illumination system  1002  which includes a plurality wireless-enabled luminaires  1004   a ,  1004   b ,  1004   c ,  1004   d  (four luminaires shown, collectively luminaires  1004 ). The environment  1000  may be a highway, park, shopping area, parking garage, city, campus, etc. As discussed further below, each of the luminaires  1004  are communicatively coupled together as a secondary communications network with the ability to be controlled by a one or more secondary communications network nodes disposed proximate (e.g., within 150 meters, within 100 meters, within 50 meters) at least one of the luminaires  1004 . Although only the four luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  are shown for explanatory purposes, it should be appreciated than in practice some applications may have more or less than four luminaires (e.g., 2 luminaires, 100 luminaires, 10,000 luminaires). 
     A primary network node  1006   a  and a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b . The primary network node  1006   a  and a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  are communicatively coupled to one another, for example via a wired interface. As illustrated in  FIG.  10   , the primary network node  1006   a  and a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may be mounted or attached to a luminaire  1004   a . Alternatively, the primary network node  1006   a  and a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may be attached to some other structure (e.g., post, pole, support arm, building). In some implementations, the primary network node  1006   a  and a secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may be denominated as gateway and the luminaires  1004   a ,  1004   b ,  1004   c  and  1004   d  denominated as terminal luminaires. 
     Each of the luminaires  1004  contains at least one wireless interface (e.g., radio, transceiver) capable of creating a network group or subnetwork within a sub-area  1000   a  of the geographic area  1000 , with the ability for all terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  within the sub-area  1000   a  to communicate directly or indirectly with the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  in a secondary communications network. In at least some implementations, there may be more than one secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b . The terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  and the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  each include a wireless transceiver of a first type (“first type transceiver”) that allows the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance and the luminaires  1004   a - 1004   b  to wirelessly communicate with each other via the secondary communications network, for example employing a first communications protocol (e.g., 802.15.4, Zigbee, 6Lowpan, Bluetooth®). Additionally, the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  includes a wireless transceiver of a second type (“second type transceiver”) that allows for wireless communication with a central management system  1008  via a primary communications network, for example employing a second communications protocol (e.g., cellular protocols, for instance: GSM, IS-95, UMTS, CDMA2000, LTE). The second communications protocol may be different from the first communications protocol. 
     The secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may communicate instructions and/or data with the central management system (CMS)  1008  via the primary communications network  1013 . As an example, the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may wirelessly communicate with an access point  1010  (e.g., cellular tower, WIFI® access point) communicatively coupled to the CMS  1008  via one or more suitable data communications networks  1013  (e.g., mobile or cellular telecommunications network(s), Internet). The secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may act as a master coordination point for the terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d , mediating communications between the CMS  1008  and the terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d . The CMS  1008  may be similar, or even identical to the CMS  124  ( FIG.  1   ). 
       FIG.  11    shows various non-limiting examples of how a wireless interface may be implemented for the luminaires of the present disclosure. In particular,  FIG.  11    shows luminaires  1004   e ,  1004   f  and  1004   g . The luminaires  1004   e - 1004   g  may be similar or identical to the luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  of  FIG.  10   . In the illustrated example, the luminaire  1004   e  contains a wireless network interface  1022  integrated therein (e.g., wireless-enabled light source, wireless-enabled adapter), for example as part of the luminaire  1004   e  when the luminaire  1004   e  was originally installed or deployed in the field. The luminaire  1004   f  may implement a short-range wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®) which communicates with a secondary communications network node  1024  physically connected to or located nearby the luminaire  1004   f  by a suitable connection  1026 . For example, the luminaire  1004   f  may comprise an AreaMax™ LED area lighting fixture available from Evluma of Renton, Wash. In such implementations, the secondary communications network node  1024  may provide the luminaire  1004   f  with access to the secondary communications network or subnetwork. The secondary communications network node  1024  may be physically coupled to a pole  1028  of the luminaire  1004   f  by the connection  1026  which comprises one or more fasteners (e.g., brackets, bolts, nuts, screws). Alternatively, the secondary communications network node  1024  may be positioned in or on a building or other structure, within a wireless range of the luminaire  1004   f . As another example, the luminaire  1004   g  may include a retrofit lamp  1030  which includes a wireless transceiver  1032  integrated therein. For example, the retrofit lamp  1030  may comprise an OmniMax™ LED area lighting fixture available from Evluma of Renton, Wash. 
     Referring back to  FIG.  10   , the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006 ,  1024   b  communicates with the terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  via a suitable secondary wireless network (e.g., 802.15.4, Zigbee, 6Lowpan, Bluetooth®). In at least some implementations, the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b ,  1024  is operative to control the luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  for at least one of commissioning, decommissioning, setting dimming levels and schedules, setting operational parameters, providing firmware updates, etc. The luminaires  1004  may be configured to operate as a group, as multiple groups with different parameters, or individually. The luminaires  1004  may each retain their respective settings, which may be saved in nonvolatile memory associated with each of the luminaires. In at least some implementations, the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b ,  1024  may also retrieve information from each of the luminaires  1004 , including information such as programmable settings, manufacturing information (e.g., model number, serial number, network ID), any operational or maintenance information or logs retained in the luminaire, etc. In at least some implementations, the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may broadcast messages to two, more or all luminaires  1004  within a range. In at least some implementations the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b  may unicast or multi-cast messages to one or more luminaires  1004  within a range, for example by addressing the messages. The range may be defined as a range from the secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance  1006   b , or a range defined by a daisy chained set if luminaires  1004 . 
       FIGS.  12  and  13    and the following discussion provide a brief, general description of the components forming the illustrative illumination system  1002  including the central management system  1008 , the primary network node  1006   a ,  1023 , secondary communications network node  1006   b ,  1024 , and interface  1025 , and the terminal luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  in which the various illustrated implementations can be practiced. The primary network node  1006   a ,  1023 , secondary communications network node  1006   b ,  1024 , and/or interface  1025  may be implemented as part of, or attached to one of the luminaires  1004   a  as illustrated in  FIG.  10  or  11   , or may be implemented as a standalone device as illustrated in  FIG.  17   . The secondary communications network node  1024  may advantageously collect information (e.g., operational stage, power draw) from a plurality of luminaires that form a group or subnet, and provide an aggregation of the information to the CMS. For example, the secondary communications network node  1024  may provide the aggregate in the form of a total power consumption by all of the luminaires in the group or subnet, or an indication of an error if an single one of the luminaires of the group or subnet is exhibiting an error condition or anomaly. Thus, the group of luminaires may appear to the CMS as a single luminaire, simplifying networking and control. 
     Although not required, some portion of the implementations will be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions or logic and/or data, such as program application modules, objects, or macros being executed by a computer. Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the illustrated implementations as well as other implementations can be practiced with other computer system or processor-based device configurations, including handheld devices, for instance Web enabled cellular phones or PDAs, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, personal computers (“PCs”), network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. The implementations can be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks or modules are performed by remote processing devices, which are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices. 
     The central management system  1008  may take the form of a PC, server, or other computing system executing logic or other machine executable instructions. The central management system  1008  includes one or more processors  1206 , a system memory  1208  and a system bus  1210  that couples various system components including the system memory  1208  to the processor  1206 . The central management system  1008  will at times be referred to in the singular herein, but this is not intended to limit the implementations to a single system, since in certain implementations, there will be more than one central management system  1008  or other networked computing device involved. Non-limiting examples of commercially available systems include, but are not limited to, an 80×86 or Pentium series microprocessor from Intel Corporation, U.S.A., a PowerPC microprocessor from IBM, a Sparc microprocessor from Sun Microsystems, Inc., a PA-RISC series microprocessor from Hewlett-Packard Company, or a 68xxx series microprocessor from Motorola Corporation. 
     The central management system  1008  may be implemented as a SCADA system or as one or more components thereof. Generally, a SCADA system is a system operating with coded signals over communication channels to provide control of remote equipment. The supervisory system may be combined with a data acquisition system by adding the use of coded signals over communication channels to acquire information about the status of the remote equipment for display or for recording functions. 
     The processor  1206  may be any logic processing unit, such as one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital signal processors (DSPs), graphics processors (GPUs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc. Unless described otherwise, the construction and operation of the various blocks shown in  FIGS.  12  and  13    should be recognizable by one of ordinary skill in the art. As a result, such blocks need not be described in further detail herein, as they will be understood by those skilled in the relevant art. 
     The system bus  1210  can employ any known bus structures or architectures. The system memory  1208  includes read-only memory (“ROM”)  1212  and random access memory (“RAM”)  1214 . A basic input/output system (“BIOS”)  1216 , which may be incorporated into at least a portion of the ROM  1212 , contains basic routines that help transfer information between elements within the central management system  1008 , such as during start-up. Some implementations may employ separate buses for data, instructions and power. 
     The central management system  1008  also may include one or more drives  1218  for reading from and writing to one or more nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media  1220  (e.g., hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk). The drive  1218  may communicate with the processor  1206  via the system bus  1210 . The drive  1218  may include interfaces or controllers (not shown) coupled between such drives and the system bus  1210 , as is known by those skilled in the art. The drives  1218  and their associated nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media  1220  provide nonvolatile storage of computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules and other data for the central management system  1008 . Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that other types of computer-readable media may be employed to store data accessible by a computer. 
     Program modules can be stored in the system memory  1208 , such as an operating system  1230 , one or more application programs  1232 , other programs or modules  1234 , and program data  1238 . 
     The application program(s)  1232  may include logic capable of providing the luminaire management functionality described herein. For example, applications programs  1232  may include programs to analyze and organize luminaire information automatically received from the luminaires  1004 . The application programs  1232  may also include programs to present raw or analyzed illumination information in a format suitable for presentation to a user. 
     The system memory  1208  may include communications programs  1240  that permit the central management system  1008  to access and exchange data with other networked systems or components, such as the luminaires  1004 , the mobile systems  1006 , and/or other computing devices. 
     While shown in  FIG.  13    as being stored in the system memory  1208 , the operating system  1230 , application programs  1232 , other programs/modules  1234 , program data  1238  and communications  1240  can be stored on the nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media  1220  or other nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media. 
     Personnel can enter commands (e.g., system maintenance, upgrades) and information (e.g., parameters) into the central management system  1008  using one or more communicably coupled input devices  1246  such as a touch screen or keyboard, a pointing device such as a mouse, and/or a push button. Other input devices can include a microphone, joystick, game pad, tablet, scanner, biometric scanning device, etc. These and other input devices may be connected to the processing unit  1206  through an interface such as a universal serial bus (“USB”) interface that couples to the system bus  1210 , although other interfaces such as a parallel port, a game port or a wireless interface or a serial port may be used. One or more output devices  1250 , such as a monitor or other display device, may be coupled to the system bus  1210  via a video interface, such as a video adapter. In at least some instances, the input devices  1246  and the output devices  1250  may be located proximate the central management system  1008 , for example when the system is installed at the system user&#39;s premises. In other instances, the input devices  1246  and the output devices  1250  may be located remote from the central management system  1008 , for example when the system is installed on the premises of a service provider. 
     In some implementations, the central management system  1008  uses one or more of the logical connections to communicate with one or more mobile systems, remote computers, servers and/or other devices via one or more communications channels, for example, the one or more networks  1013 . These logical connections may facilitate any known method of permitting computers to communicate, such as through one or more LANs and/or WANs. Such networking environments are known in wired and wireless enterprise-wide computer networks, intranets, extranets, and the Internet. 
     In some implementations, a network port or interface  1256 , communicatively linked to the system bus  1210 , may be used for establishing and maintaining communications over the primary communications network  1013 . 
     The central management system  1008  may include an AC/DC power supply  1260 . The AC/DC power supply  1260  converts AC power from a power source (e.g., AC mains) into DC power, which may be provided to power the various components of the central management system  1008 . 
     In the illumination system  1002 , program modules, application programs, or data, or portions thereof, can be stored in one or more computing systems. Those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the network connections shown in  FIG.  13    are only some examples of ways of establishing communications between computers, and other connections may be used, including wireless. In some implementations, program modules, application programs, or data, or portions thereof, can even be stored in other computer systems or other devices (not shown). 
     For convenience, the processor  1206 , system memory  1208 , network port  1256  and devices  1246 ,  1250  are illustrated as communicatively coupled to each other via one or more buses  1210 , thereby providing connectivity between the above-described components. In alternative implementations, the above-described components may be communicatively coupled in a different manner than illustrated in  FIG.  13   . For example, one or more of the above-described components may be directly coupled to other components, or may be coupled to each other, via intermediary components (not shown). In some implementations, the one or more buses  1210  are omitted and the components are coupled directly to each other using suitable connections. 
     It should be appreciated that the luminaires  1004  may include components similar to those components present in the central management system  1008 , including the processor  1206 , power supply  1260 , buses, nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media, wired or wireless communications interfaces, and one or more input and/or output devices. 
     The secondary communications network node  1024  can include any device, system or combination of systems and devices having at least wireless communications capabilities and the ability to operate between a primary communications network and a secondary communications network. In most instances, the secondary communications network node  1024  includes additional devices, systems, or combinations of systems and devices capable of providing graphical data display capabilities. In at least some implementations, the secondary communications network node  1024  includes one, more or all of the electrical or electronics structures of the control node  606  and the wireless adapter system  602  ( FIG.  6   ), which may be integrated to a single device or housing. In other implementations, the secondary communications network node  1024  may additionally include one or more of the physical and/or communications interfaces, with the electrical or electronics structures of the control node  606  and the wireless adapter system  602  ( FIG.  6   ) split between separate structures or housings. 
     As shown in  FIG.  12   , each of the luminaires  1004  includes one or more light sources  1040 , a power supply  1044 , a local illumination control system (ICS)  1045   a  (e.g., one or more processors), a nontransitory data store  1048   a  (e.g., memory, RAM, ROM, FLASH, disk based storage), and an instance of a first type transceiver  1050   a  which communicates via a first wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®) as part of the secondary communications network  1 . 
     In at least some implementations, the luminaires  1004  include a satellite positioning receiver such as GPS receiver, Glonass, etc., and store their position data in nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media or memory. The position data may only need to be acquired relatively infrequently, thus enabling location data to be acquired in poor reception areas or with relatively low cost receiver hardware. 
     The secondary communications network node  1024  includes a control system  1045   b  (e.g., one or more processors) and a nontransitory data store  1048   b  (e.g., memory, RAM, ROM, FLASH, disk based storage) communicatively coupled to the control system  1045   b  and which stores at least one of processor-executable instructions and/or data. The nontransitory data store  1048   b  also stores information or data collected from or about the luminaries  1004   a - 1004   d , either in raw form or amalgamated form. The control system  1045   b  may convert raw form data to amalgamated form. The secondary communications network node  1024  includes an instance of a first type transceiver  1050   b  which communicates via the first wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®) as part of the secondary communications network  1 . The first type of transceiver  1050   b  allow for communication with the luminaires  1004  that form the secondary communications network  1 . 
     The primary network node  1023  includes a control system  1045   c  (e.g., one or more processors) and a nontransitory data store  1048   c  (e.g., memory, RAM, ROM, FLASH, disk based storage) communicatively coupled to the control system  1045   c  and which stores at least one of processor-executable instructions and/or data. The primary network node  1023  includes an instance of a second type transceiver  1052  which communicates via the second wireless communications protocol (e.g., cellular or mobile protocols, for instance GSM, CDMA) as part of the primary communications network  2 . The second type transceiver  1052  provides wireless communications capabilities which allow communications with the CMS  1008  for example via a cellular or mobile communications provider network. 
     During installation, testing or setup of the luminaires  1004 , the secondary communications network node  1024  may transmit information (e.g., geographical coordinates, configuration information or instructions, operational information or instructions) to the luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  over a secondary data communications channel (e.g., Bluetooth®, Wi-Fi®). The secondary communications network node  1024  may additionally or alternatively receive information pertaining to one or more luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d , one or more sensors, etc. The secondary communications network node  1024  may amalgamate information collected from across a plurality of luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d . The primary communications network node  1023  may receive information (e.g., geographical coordinates, configuration information or instructions, operational information or instructions) from the central management system  1008  over a primary data communications channel (e.g., cellular, mobile). The primary communications network node  1023  may additionally or alternatively transmit information pertaining to one or more luminaires  1004   a - 1004   d  (e.g., amalgamated information) to the central management system  1008  via primary data communications channel (e.g., cellular, mobile). Communications between the primary and secondary network nodes  1023 ,  1024  may occur via a physical interface or even a hardwired physical interface. 
     In at least some implementations, each of the luminaires  1004  is programmed with a unique identifier (e.g., identification number, such as a serial number). The unique identifier uniquely identifies the respective luminaire with respect to all other luminaires in an installation, or installed base, asset collection, or inventory of an entity. The unique identifier may be programmed or otherwise stored in the nontransitory data store  1018  during manufacture, during installation, or at any other time. The unique identifier may be programmed using the secondary network nodes  1024 , a factory programming fixture, DIP switches, or using any other suitable method. 
     Once the luminaires  1004  have received their respective identification information and any other configuration information, the luminaires  1004  may send such information to the CMS  1008  via the primary network node  1023  and secondary communications network node  1024 , for storage by the CMS  1008 . As discussed in further detail below, the CMS  1008  may utilize the received luminaire information to build an asset management table. The CMS  1008  may also include mapping functions that generate an asset management map which may visually present luminaire information to one or more users. The CMS  1008  may also analyze the collected data and generate one or more electronic reports that are valuable for users associated with the illumination system  1002 . 
     The local ICS  1045   a  of each of the luminaires  1004  may include a photocontrol, or an interface to a photocontrol, that has a photosensitive transducer (photosensor) associated therewith. The ICS  1045   a  may be operative to control operation of the light sources  1040  based on ambient light levels detected by the photosensor. The ICS  1045   a  may provide illumination data signals to control the light sources  1040 . The ICS  1045   a  may also include a switch that provides electrical power to the light sources  1040  only when detected light levels are below a desired level. For example, the local ICS  1045   a  of each of the luminaires  1004  may include a photosensor that controls an electro-mechanical relay coupled between a source of electrical power and a control device (e.g., a magnetic or electronic transformer) within the luminaires. The electro-mechanical relay may be configured to be in an electrically continuous state unless a signal from the photosensor is present to supply power to the luminaires  1004 . If the photosensor is illuminated with a sufficient amount of light, the photosensor outputs the signal that causes the electro-mechanical relay to switch to an electrically discontinuous state such that no power is supplied to the luminaires  1004 . 
     In some implementations, the ICS  1045   a  may include one or more clocks or timers, and/or one or more look-up tables or other data structures that indicate dawn events and dusk events for one or more geographical locations at various times during a year. The time of occurrence of various solar events may additionally or alternatively be calculated using geolocation, time, or date data either generated by or stored within a nontransitory processor-readable medium of the luminaires  1004  or obtained from one or more external devices via one or more wired or wireless communication interfaces either in or communicably coupled to the luminaire. In some implementations, the ICS  1045   a  is implemented partially or fully by one or more processors. 
     The power supply  1044  of the luminaires  1004  may be electrically coupled with a power distribution system. The power supply  1044  may receive an AC power signal from the power distribution system, generate a DC power output, and supply the generated DC power output to the light sources  1040  to power the light sources as controlled by light source control commands from the ICS  1045   a.    
     The light sources  1040  may include one or more of a variety of conventional light sources, for example, incandescent lamps or fluorescent lamps such as high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps (e.g., mercury vapor lamps, high-pressure sodium lamps, metal halide lamps). The light sources  140  may also include one or more solid-state light sources (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs (OLEDs), polymer LEDs (PLEDs)). 
     The secondary network node  1024  may receive luminaire information from each of the luminaires  1004  in the illumination system  1002 . For example, in some implementations the secondary network node  1024  may interrogate the luminaires  1004  and receive signals from each of the luminaires that provide luminaire information. The secondary network node  1024  may send such information (e.g., amalgamated information) to the CMS  1008 , as discussed above, via the primary network node  1023  and primary communications network. Similarly, the secondary network node  1024  may send information (e.g., control information, operational parameter information) to the luminaires  1004  via the secondary communications network. Such information may be received by the CMS  1008  via one or more primary communications networks (e.g., primary communications network  1013 ). 
     The CMS  1008  may store the luminaire information in one or more nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media (e.g., nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media  1220  of  FIG.  13   ). The luminaire information may include, for example, identification information, location information, installation date, installation cost, installation details, type of luminaire, maintenance activities, specifications, purchase date, cost, expected lifetime, warranty information, service contracts, service history, spare parts, comments, or anything other information that may be useful to users (e.g., management, analysts, purchasers, installers, maintenance workers). 
     Logged data from each of the networked luminaires  1004  can be retrieved and passed to the CMS  1008  or other data repository via the gateway  1006  via the primary communications network. This information may contain any available information from the luminaires, including operational and maintenance data, performance data such as power usage, and asset management data such as luminaire model, serial number, and location (if available). 
     Advantageously, the illumination system  1002  shown in  FIGS.  10 - 13    can be implemented without requiring the luminaires  1004  to be on the same communications network as the CMS  1008  or to use the same communication protocol as the CMS  1008 . For small deployments of outdoor luminaires (e.g., smaller cities and towns), the cost and complexity of implementing a complete real-time control center may be prohibitive and may provide little day-to-day value. In at least some implementations of the present disclosure, the primary network node  1023  and/or secondary network node  1024  may be positioned in the field, and legacy luminaires retrofitted with wireless-enabled lights, allowing simple and inexpensive control and data reporting with respect to the legacy luminaires. Further, the primary network node  1023  and/or secondary network node  1024  may be deployed to allow control of the entire subnetwork of luminaires  1004 . 
     Further, in at least some of the implementations of the present disclosure network security is increased significantly over traditional luminaire network deployments. Since the network of luminaires  1004  may not be connected directly to the Internet, no attacks can be generated on the infrastructure through Web-based cyber-attacks. An attacker would need to physically access the wireless secondary network with the ability to intercept wireless communications to affect the network of luminaires  1004  in the illumination system  1002 . Further, network security is increased since the illumination system  1002  may be connected to the Internet only during brief intervals when the secondary network node  1024  is connected to the Internet when communicating with the CMS  1008  over a primary communications network (e.g., cellular or mobile network). 
     The data distribution and collection by the secondary network node  1024  allows periodic information to be manually initiated by a data collection user and added to a repository without the need for having a complete end-to-end real-time control and monitoring center in place. The data can be refreshed periodically and can be made available on-demand. 
       FIGS.  14  and  15    illustrate another implementation of an illumination system  1300 . The illumination system  1300  is similar or identical to the illumination system  1002  in many respects, so the discussion below concentrates only on the differences between the two systems for the sake of brevity. 
     The illumination system  1300  provides a data collection network which includes a plurality of luminaires  1004 . One or more of the luminaires  1004  may obtain periodic sensor data from one or more sensors  1302   a - 1302   f  (collectively, sensors  1302 ) and may temporarily store the data locally in the luminaire  1004 , and may deliver the sensor data over a short-range wireless communications protocol via a secondary communications network to a secondary communications network node  1006   b  or a set of luminaire control circuitry  1006   b , which in turn may deliver the data to the central management system  1008  over a suitable primary communications network (e.g., cellular or mobile network)  1013  via primary communications network node  1006   a . As an example, each of the one or more sensors  1302   a - 1302   f  may gather sensor data (e.g., continuously, periodically, from time-to-time) and may send the sensor data to one of the luminaires  1004  for temporary storage in a memory of the luminaire. In some implementations, the one or more of the secondary communications network node  1006   b  may obtain sensor data from the one or more sensors  1302  and temporarily store the data locally in memory, which data may be sent by the one or more secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  to be collected, amalgamated, and delivered thereby to the central management system  1008  via the primary network node  1006   a ,  1023 , as discussed above. 
     In operation, the secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  may network via the secondary communications network with the communication-enabled sensors  1302  that collect information from areas proximate the illumination system  1300  and from time-to-time send data to the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023 , which may from time-to-time send the data to the CMS  1008  or other data repository in offline or online mode. Non-limiting examples of sensors may include a motion sensor (e.g., traffic sensor, a pedestrian sensor, a parking space usage sensor), a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, a noise sensor, a gunshot detection sensor, etc. 
     Each of the luminaires  1004  contains wireless network communication capability, either single wireless network capability or dual wireless network and short-range network (e.g., Bluetooth®) capability, as discussed above. Each of the sensors  1302  includes a power system  1304 , sensor electronics  1306 , a control system  1310 , and at least one transceiver  1308  (e.g., wireless network and/or short-range communications protocol, such as Bluetooth®). The sensors  1302  may be battery-powered or may receive power from power lines of a luminaire pole to which the sensor is coupled, or via a photovoltaic array. The sensors  1302  can be any sensors that detect events or periodically record any type of measurement. 
     In at least some implementations, a wireless data collector  1312  (e.g., network attached storage) may be positioned proximate at least one of the luminaires  1004  and may be coupled to the secondary communications network (formed by: luminaires  1004  and the secondary communications network node  1006   b ,  1024 ). The data collector  1312  may include a power system  1314 , a control system  1316 , data storage  1318 , and one or more wireless transceivers  1320 . In operation, the data collector  1312  wirelessly receives and stores a large dataset from multiple sensors  1302  for a period of time. The data collector  1312  can be positioned anywhere in coverage of the wireless network where it has access to receiving data from any of the sensors  1302  directly or via one or more of the luminaires  1004 . The data collector  1312  may be a separate component or may be integrated into a secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  (e.g., data storage amalgamated across multiple luminaires). 
     Upon a trigger to capture data, the sensors  1302  may transfer the data to the data collector  1312  or the secondary network node  1006   b ,  1024  via the secondary wireless network or a tertiary wireless network. The secondary network node  1006   b ,  1024  may periodically access the sensor data stored by the data collector  1312  and transfer the set of data to the CMS  1008  or other remote repository via the primary network node  1006   a ,  1023 . In at least some implementations, the data collector  1312  may also be enabled for short-range wireless communication (e.g., Bluetooth®), which allows for direct connection between the data collector  1312  and the secondary network node  1006   b ,  1024 . 
     The illumination system  1300  of  FIGS.  14  and  15    advantageously leverages the luminaire control and data collection network to add additional data collection capabilities from sensors, and does not require a fully deployed centralized management system for collection of the sensor information. Further, as with the illumination system  1002  discussed above, for the illumination system  1300  network security is increased over traditional luminaire network deployments since the luminaire network is optionally connected to the Internet only via the secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024 . The illumination system  1300  network also reduces the number of nodes that would otherwise need to be supported via a more direct connection with the CMS  1008 . 
     Various of the described components or devices may include a control system or processor and associated nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media or memory, for instance one or more data stores that may take the form of nonvolatile memories such as read only memory (ROM) or FLASH memory and/or one or more volatile memories such as random access memory (RAM). 
     While the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  are generally described as including two transceivers or radios and associated antennas for implementing the primary communication network and the secondary communications network, in at least some implementations, the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  may include one or more additional transceivers or radios, for example to provide communications with one or more mobile communications devices (e.g., tablet computers, cellular or mobile phones). The primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  may further be communicatively coupled via one or more wired interfaces (not shown) that utilize parallel cables, serial cables, or wireless channels capable of high speed communications, for instance, via one or more of FireWire®, Universal Serial Bus® (USB), Thunderbolt®, or Gigabit Ethernet®, for example. 
     Some or all of the components within the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  may be communicably coupled using at least one bus (not shown) or similar structure adapted to transferring, transporting, or conveying data between the devices, systems, or components used within the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024 . The bus can include one or more serial communications links or a parallel communications link such as an 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, or 64-bit data bus. In some implementations, a redundant bus (not shown) may be present to provide failover capability in the event of a failure or disruption of a primary bus. 
     The control system or processor(s)  1045  ( FIG.  12   ) may include any type of processor (e.g., ARM Cortext-A8, ARM Cortext-A9, Snapdragon 600, Snapdragon 800, NVidia Tegra 4, NVidia Tegra 4i, Intel Atom Z2580, Samsung Exynos 5 Octa, Apple A7, Motorola X8) adapted to execute one or more machine executable instruction sets, for example a conventional microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) based processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), digital signal processor (DSP), or similar. Within the processor(s)  1045   a - 1045   c , a non-volatile memory may store all or a portion of a basic input/output system (BIOS), boot sequence, firmware, startup routine, and communications device operating system (e.g., iOS®, Android®, Windows® Phone, Windows® 8, and similar) executed by the processor  1282  upon initial application of power. The processor(s)  1045   a - 1045   c  may also execute one or more sets of logic or one or more machine executable instruction sets loaded from volatile memory subsequent to the initial application of power to the processor  1045   a - 1045   c . The processor  1045   a - 1045   c  may also include a system clock, a calendar, or similar time measurement devices. One or more geolocation devices, for example a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver may be communicably coupled to the processor  1045   a - 1045   c  to provide additional functionality such as geolocation data to the processor  1045   a - 1045   c.    
     The transceivers or radios described herein can include any device capable of transmitting and receiving communications via electromagnetic energy. Non-limiting examples of cellular communications transceivers or radios include a CDMA transceiver, a GSM transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver, an LTE transceiver, and any similar current or future developed computing device transceiver having at least one of a voice telephony capability or a data exchange capability. In at least some instances, the cellular transceivers or radios can include more than one interface. For example, in some instances, the cellular transceivers or radios can include at least one dedicated, full- or half-duplex, voice call interface and at least one dedicated data interface. In other instances, the cellular transceivers or radios can include at least one integrated interface capable of contemporaneously accommodating both full- or half-duplex voice calls and data transfer. 
     Non-limiting examples of W-Fi® short-range transceivers or radios include various chipsets available from Broadcom, including BCM43142, BCM4313, BCM94312MC, BCM4312, and chipsets available from Atmel, Marvell, or Redpine. Non-limiting examples of Bluetooth® short-range transceivers or radios include various chipsets available from Nordic Semiconductor, Texas Instruments, Cambridge Silicon Radio, Broadcom, and EM Microelectronic. 
     As noted, nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media can, for example, include non-volatile storage memory and in some implementations may include volatile memory as well. At least a portion of the nontransitory computer- or processor-readable media may be used to store one or more processor executable instruction sets for execution by the processor  1045   a - 1045   c . In some implementations, all or a portion of the memory may be disposed within the processor  1045   a - 1045   c , for example in the form of a cache. In some implementations, the memory may be supplemented with one or more slots configured to accept the insertion of one or more removable memory devices such as a secure digital (SD) card, a compact flash (CF) card, a universal serial bus (USB) memory “stick,” or the like. 
     In at least some implementations, one or more sets of logic or machine executable instructions providing luminaire control applications or “apps” executable by the processor  1045   a - 1045   c  may be stored in whole or in part in at least a portion of the memory. In at least some instances, the applications may be downloaded or otherwise acquired by the end user. In some implementations, such applications may start up in response to selection of a corresponding user selectable icon by the user. The applications can facilitate establishing a data link between the primary network nodes  1006   a ,  1023  and secondary network nodes  1006   b ,  1024  and the central management system  1008  or the luminaires  1004  via the transceivers or radios and communication networks. 
       FIG.  16    shows an illumination system  1600  which includes a secondary communications network node  1602 , a primary network control node  1612 , and a luminaire  1618 . The secondary communications network node  1602  includes a housing  1604  that includes a receptacle interface  1606  on a top surface  1608  thereof. As a non-limiting example, the receptacle interface  1606  may be a 5-pin or a 7-pin receptacle interface (e.g., ANSI C146.41) that receives a 5-pin or 7-pin plug  110  of the primary networked control node  1612  or 3-pin plug  114  of a standard photocontrol (not shown in  FIG.  16   ). The luminaire  1618  may comprise an AreaMax™ LED area lighting fixture available from Evluma of Renton, Wash., for example. Alternatively, the luminaire may contain or include a wirelessly-enabled light source or blub or drive circuit. A power source  1609  may supply power to the secondary communications network node  1602 . The power source  1609  may be part of the secondary communications network node  1602 , for example one or more chemical batteries, ultra-capacitors, and/or photovoltaic arrays. Additionally or alternatively, the power source  1609  may an external source of power, for example AC power from the luminaire  1618  or from grid or mains power lines. The secondary communications network node  1602  may provide AC power to the primary network control node  1612 ) which is coupled to the receptacle interface  1606  of the secondary communications network node  1602 . 
     The secondary communications network node  1602  also includes a short-range wireless interface circuit  1620  (e.g., Bluetooth®, WiFi) disposed in the housing  1604 . In operation, the secondary communications network node  1602  receives via the wired receptacle interface  1606  ON/OFF, dimming, or other commands or data from the control node  112  and autonomously interprets or translates those signals using one or more processors, for example. The received interpreted signals are translated into wireless signals that are transmitted by the wireless interface circuit  1620  of the secondary communications network node  1602  and transmitted to the wireless-enabled luminaire  1618 . Optionally, the secondary communications network node  1602  may receive via the wireless interface circuit  1620  signals encoding data or instructions from the luminaire  1618 , and may interpret and transmit the signals to the primary network control node  1612  via the wired receptacle interface  1606 . The instructions or commands may be in the form of switch-controlled ON/OFF signals, analog dimming with dim-to-off capability (e.g., 0-10 V), digital control and status commands (e.g., DALI), or any other types of signals. 
     As noted above, the luminaire  1618  may contain one or more short-range wireless network interfaces (e.g., Bluetooth®, WiFi) that allow the luminaire to communicate with the secondary communications network node  1602  disposed proximate (e.g., within 150 meters, within 100 meters, within 50 meters) the luminaire  1618 . Although only one luminaire is shown for explanatory purposes, it should be appreciated than in practice some applications may have a plurality of luminaires (e.g., 2 luminaires, 100 luminaires, 1000 luminaires). 
     The primary network control node  1612  may communicate instructions and/or data with a central management system (CMS)  1624  via a primary communications network (e.g., an access point for instance cellular tower, WIFI® access point) communicatively coupled to the CMS via one or more suitable data communications networks (e.g., mobile telecommunications network(s), Internet). 
       FIG.  17    shows a luminaire system  1700  which includes a plurality of luminaires  1702   a ,  1702   b ,  1702   c  (only three shown, collectively  1702 ). Each of the luminaires  1702  may be a wireless-enabled luminaire (e.g., Evluma AreaMax) or may include a wireless-enabled light source (e.g., Evluma OmniMax, not shown in  FIG.  17   ), also referred to interchangeably herein as wireless luminaires or wireless light sources. The wireless-enabled luminaire or wireless-enabled light source may each include a respective radio (e.g., transmitter, receiver, transceiver) and associated antenna (not shown in  FIG.  17   ). 
     The luminaire system  1700  optionally includes a primary network node  1704 . The primary network node  1704  comprises a first primary network node radio (not shown in  FIG.  17   ) operable to provide a primary communication network  1708  to provide wireless communications with a remotely located luminaire management system (CMS)  1706  via a cellular or mobile communications network  1710 , for instance including a base station  1711 . Primary communications network  1708  employs a primary or first communications protocol, e.g., GSM protocol or other cellular protocol. 
     The luminaire system  1700  includes a secondary control appliance  1712 . The secondary control appliance  1712  incudes a primary network node interface  1714 , a secondary communications network radio (not shown in  FIG.  17   ), and at least one processor (not shown in  FIG.  17   ). The primary network node interface  1714  comprises a communications interface to communicatively couple the secondary control appliance  1712  with the primary network node  1704 . The primary network node interface  1714  may take the form of a 5-pin receptacle interface, a 7-pin receptacle interface that mates with a physical node interface of the primary network control node, or a hardwired interface (e.g., wires physically attached together). The secondary communications network radio is operable to provide a secondary communications network  1716  to provide wireless communications with at least one of the luminaires  1702 . The secondary communications network  1716  may operate according to a second communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth), where the second communications protocol may be different from the first communications protocol. The secondary communications network  1716  may be distinct from the primary communications network  1708 . 
     The secondary control appliance  1712  can be separate and distinct from the luminaires  1702 . The secondary control appliance  1712  can be mounted directly to a structure (e.g., pole, post, arm, head) of an existing luminaire  1702 . The secondary control appliance  1712  can be mounted on a luminaire, for instance via a standard interface socket. For instance, secondary control appliance  1712  can be mounted to a modern street light (e.g., street light with wirelessly-enabled luminaire) which is nearby or proximate (e.g., within wireless range) a group of legacy street lights that have been out retrofitted with wirelessly-enabled light sources. The secondary control appliance  1712  can be mounted on a building or other structure that is which is nearby or proximate (e.g., within wireless range) a group of legacy street lights that have been out retrofitted with wirelessly-enabled light sources. The secondary control appliance  1712  can be powered from AC power available from an existing luminaire, either through a hardwired connection or via a pass-through adapter on a standard interface socket. 
     In at least some implementations, each of the plurality of luminaries comprises a respective tertiary radio and antenna (not shown in  FIG.  17   ) operable to provide a tertiary communications network  1718  for communications between pair or more of the luminaires. The tertiary communications network  1718  may operate according to a tertiary communications protocol (e.g., WI-FI), where the tertiary communications protocol may be different from the first communications protocol and/or different from the secondary communications protocol. The tertiary communications network  1718  may be distinct from the primary communications network  1708  and/or the secondary communications network  1716 . 
     In operation, the secondary control appliance  1712  can aggregate status from all of the luminaires  1702  in a group. The secondary control appliance  1712  can provide the primary network node  1704  with a single operational status for the group of luminaires. The operational status can include an indication that at least one luminaire  1702  is not operating as expected or that all luminaires  1702  in the group are operating as expected. The operational status can additionally or alternatively include an indication of a total power draw of the luminaires  1702  in the group, for example summed from each individual luminaire  1702  on the tertiary communications network  1718 . The secondary control appliance  1712  can additionally translate commands and/or data between the primary network node  1704  and the luminaires  1702 , providing bi-directional communications between the luminaire management system (CMS)  1706  and the luminaires  1702  of a group of luminaires. 
     The primary network node  1704  can communicate with the secondary control appliance  1721  via analog methods for dimming, on/off enable, and power status, in addition to digital control and status methods, such as DALI (digitally addressable lighting interface). The secondary control appliance  1721  and subnetwork luminaires  1702  as a group may look like a single luminaire on the primary network  1708  for control and status or allow access to individual luminaires  1702  on the secondary or tertiary wireless network  1716 ,  1718 . 
     The approach described herein may advantageously significantly reduced the number of primary lighting network nodes required in areas where there are many luminaires in close proximity, while still enabling control and status to be communicated from the luminaire management system (CMS)  1706 . The approach described herein may advantageously enhance the ability to cost-effectively add to a lighting network, decorative and historic luminaires to that do not contain the necessary lighting network node interfaces. The approach described herein may advantageously enhance the ability to scale far beyond the power-handling and control limitations of networked contactor solutions currently available. 
     In at least some implementations, a smart appliance  1720  (e.g., wirelessly-enabled mobile device, smartphone, tablet computer, laptop computer) may wirelessly communicate with the secondary control appliance  1712 . Such communications may, for example, be via the secondary communications network  1716  or via a separate channel or network (e.g., Bluetooth) from the secondary communications network  1716 . 
     The smart appliance  1720  can wirelessly communicate with the secondary control appliance  1712  to allow configuring and/or provisioning the of the luminaires  1702  in the group, and to allow locally controlling the luminaires  1702  in the group in parallel with control by the CMS  1706  via the primary network node  1704 . This enables overrides or local control in the event of a network failure to the CMS  1706  or failure of the mobile or cellular network  1710 . The smart appliance  1720  can also download information from the secondary control appliance  1712 , which characterizes or represents the operational status of the luminaires  1702  of the group of luminaires. 
       FIG.  18    shows a lighting system  1800  along with a mobile network communications system, according to at least one implementation. As previously explained, in at least some implementations, there may be more than one secondary communications network node or secondary control appliance.  FIG.  18    illustrates an embodiment of that scenario. The embodiment of  FIG.  18    employs the various devices (e.g., appliances, control nodes) previously described. 
     The lighting system  1800  comprises a first set of lights  1802   a ,  1802   b ,  1802   c ,  1802   d  (four illustrated, collectively  1802 ) that are communicatively coupled as an intermediate network  1804 , a second set of lights  1806   a ,  1806   b ,  1806   c ,  1806   d  (four illustrated, collectively  1804 ) that are communicatively coupled as a first secondary network  1808 , and a third set of lights  1810   a ,  1801   b ,  1810   c ,  1810   d  (four illustrated, collectively  1810 ) that are communicatively coupled as a second secondary network  1812 . The intermediate network  1804 , the first secondary network  1808 , and second secondary network  1812  can each be considered subnetworks of an overall network. 
     In the illustrated topology, the mobile network communications system forms a primary network  1814  which provides communications between a central management system  1816  and the lights  1802  of the intermediate network  1802 , the lights  1806  of the first secondary network  1808 , and the lights  1810  of second secondary network  1812 . The central management system  1816  will typically be located remotely from one, more or all of the intermediate network  1804 , the first secondary network  1808 , and second secondary network  1812 . 
     The described topology allows the central management system  1816  to collect operational information about the operation of the lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810  and/or to control operation of the lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810 . As described elsewhere herein, the topology may in some implementations advantageously simplify operation, where each network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812  of lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810  appears as a single light from the perspective of the central management system  1816 . For instance, the central management system  1816  may be provide with an indication of accumulated power consumption for all of the lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810  on a given subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812 . Also for instance, the central management system  1816  may be provide with an indication of the existence of an error condition for a network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812  if any one light  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810  of the network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812  is experiencing an error. Also for instance, the central management system  1816  may be provide control instructions which would be implemented for all lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810  on a given network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812 . Thus, even if a network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812  includes 1,000 separate lights  1802 ,  1806 ,  1810 , the network or subnetwork  1804 ,  1808 ,  1812  appears as a single light to the central management system  1816  with respect to the collection of data or information or the sending of operational commands. The central management system  1816  may, or may not, form part of the lighting system  1800 , and any claimed lighting system should not be interpreted as requiring a central management system  1816  unless explicitly recited in those claims. 
     The primary network  1814  may take various forms, for example one or more communications networks provided by a mobile communications service provider (e.g., Verizon, T-Mobile, AT&amp;T). The primary network  1814  may include various types of infrastructure, for example one or more base stations with associated antenna  1818  to provide wireless communications via one or more defined wireless communications protocols (e.g., CDMA, GSM, G4, G5). The primary network  1814  is not typically considered a part of the lighting system  1800 . 
     The intermediate network  1804  may include a primary network/intermediate network gateway  1820  which provides communications between the primary network  1814  and the intermediate network  1804 , for example to provide communications with the remotely located central management system (CMS)  1816 . The primary network/intermediate network gateway  1820  acts as a “gate” between two different networks, which networks may employ respective communications protocols, which communications protocols may be different or incompatible with one another. Thus, the primary network  1814  may employ a first communications protocol (e.g., GSM) while the intermediate network  1804  may employ an intermediate network protocol (e.g., WI-FI). Examples of devices that operate as gateways have been described above. 
     As noted, the intermediate network  1804  may include a plurality of lights  1802 , for example lights mounted on poles. The lights  1802  may take a variety of forms, for example as the wireless-enabled luminaires or luminaries with wireless-enabled adapters such as the luminaires described above, or alternatively wireless-enable light such as the wireless-enabled lights described above. The lights  1802  may have an associated lighting network control node  1822   a ,  1822   b ,  1822   c ,  1822   d  (four shown, collectively  1822 ) coupled thereto, for instance physically and communicatively coupled to the respective luminaire via a standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interface (e.g., female receptacle and complimentary male pins). The lighting network control node  1822  provide communications with the primary network/intermediate network gateway  1820  via the intermediate network  1804 , employing an intermediate network protocol. For example, the lighting network control node  1822  can relay power switching and dimming commands ands and/or can collect and relay operational conditions, for example aggregate power measurements and error conditions for any associated lights  1802 , including multiple lights  1802  on a same pole. In at least some implementations, one or more lighting network control nodes  1822  may be physically and communicatively coupled with an associated network appliance to implement control and data collection activities. The lighting network control node  1822  and the standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interfaces may take any of the forms described above. 
     The first secondary network  1808  may include a first secondary network appliance  1824  and an intermediate network/first secondary network control node  1826 . The intermediate network/first secondary network control node  1826  provides communications between the intermediate network  1804  and the first secondary network  1808 . The intermediate network/first secondary network control node  1826  may act as a “gate” between two different networks, which networks may employ respective communications protocols, which communications protocols may be the same as one another (e.g., WI-FI) or different from one another. The intermediate network/first secondary network control node  1826  and the first secondary network appliance  1824  are communicatively coupled to one another, for example, physically and communicatively coupled to one another via a standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interface physical interface. The first secondary network appliance  1824  provides wireless communications with the lights  1806  of the first secondary network  1808 , to receive and collect operational information therefrom and/or to send commands (e.g., power and/or dimming control commands) thereto for execution thereby in order to control lighting and other operations. 
     As noted, the first secondary network  1808  may include a plurality of lights  1806 , for example lights mounted on poles. The lights  1806  may take a variety of forms, for example luminaires such as the wireless-enabled luminaires or luminaries with wireless-enabled adapters (as illustrated) described above, or alternatively as wireless-enabled lights such as the wireless-enabled lights described above. As noted, each luminaire may have a wireless controller control node  1828   a ,  1828   b ,  1828   c ,  1828   d  (four shown, collectively  1828 ) coupled thereto, for instance via a standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interface. The wireless controller control nodes  1828  provide communications with the first secondary network appliance  1824  via the first secondary network  1808 , employing a first secondary network protocol. The wireless controller control nodes  1828  and the standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interfaces may take any of the forms described above. 
     The second secondary network  1812  may include a second secondary network appliance  1830  and an intermediate network/second secondary network control node  1832 . The intermediate network/second secondary network control node  1832  provides communications between the intermediate network  1804  and the second secondary network  1812 . The intermediate network/second secondary network control node  1832  may act as a “gate” between two different networks, which networks may employ respective communications protocols, which communications protocols may be the same as one another (e.g., WI-FI) or different from one another. The intermediate network/second secondary network control node  1832  and the second secondary network appliance  1830  are communicatively coupled to one another, for example, physically and communicatively coupled to one another via a standard 3, 5, or 7 pin interface physical interface. The second secondary network appliance  1830  provides wireless communications with the lights  1810  of the second secondary network  1812 , to receive and collect operational information therefrom and/or to send commands (e.g., power and/or dimming control commands) thereto for execution thereby in order to control lighting. 
     As noted, the second secondary network  1812  may include a plurality of lights  1810 , for example lights mounted on poles. The lights  1810  may take a variety of forms, for example wireless-enabled lights (as illustrated) such as the wireless-enabled lights described above, or alternatively luminaires such as the wireless-enabled luminaires or luminaries with wireless-enabled adapters described above. Each light  1810  may implement or have an integral control node that provides communications with the second secondary network appliance  1830  via the second secondary network  1812 , employing a second secondary network protocol. 
     While illustrated in  FIG.  18    as including two secondary networks, the lighting system may include more than two secondary networks. Additionally or alternatively, while illustrated in  FIG.  18    as including one intermediate network  1804 , the lighting system may include more than one intermediate network  1804 . Additionally or alternatively, while illustrated in  FIG.  18    as being nest only one deep, the lighting system may include additional layers of subnetworks, for example one or more tertiary networks. Additionally or alternatively, while not illustrated in  FIG.  18   , any of the intermediate network  1804 , first secondary network  1808 , second secondary network  1812 , or any additional subnetworks may include one or more sensors which are communicatively coupled as part of the network or subnetwork. Such sensors and their operation have been described above, the description of which is not repeated in the interest of conciseness. 
     The foregoing detailed description has set forth various implementations of the devices and/or processes via the use of block diagrams, schematics, and examples. Insofar as such block diagrams, schematics, and examples contain one or more functions and/or operations, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that each function and/or operation within such block diagrams, flowcharts, or examples can be implemented, individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. In one implementation, the present subject matter may be implemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs). However, those skilled in the art will recognize that the implementations disclosed herein, in whole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in standard integrated circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more controllers (e.g., microcontrollers) as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code for the software and or firmware would be well within the skill of one of ordinary skill in the art in light of this disclosure. 
     Those of skill in the art will recognize that many of the methods or algorithms set out herein may employ additional acts, may omit some acts, and/or may execute acts in a different order than specified. 
     In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms taught herein are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative implementation applies equally regardless of the particular type of signal bearing media used to actually carry out the distribution. Examples of signal bearing media include, but are not limited to, the following: recordable type media such as floppy disks, hard disk drives, CD ROMs, digital tape, and computer memory. 
     The various implementations described above can be combined to provide further implementations. To the extent that they are not inconsistent with the specific teachings and definitions herein, all of the U.S. patents, U.S. patent application publications, U.S. patent applications, foreign patents, foreign patent applications and non-patent publications referred to in this specification and/or listed in the Application Data Sheet, including but not limited to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/052,924, filed May 13, 2008; U.S. Pat. No. 8,926,138, issued Jan. 6, 2015; PCT Publication No. WO2009/140141, published Nov. 19, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/051,619, filed May 8, 2008; U.S. Pat. No. 8,118,456, issued Feb. 21, 2012; PCT Publication No. WO2009/137696, published Nov. 12, 2009; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/088,651, filed Aug. 13, 2008; U.S. Pat. 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Aspects of the implementations can be modified, if necessary, to employ systems, circuits and concepts of the various patents, applications and publications to provide yet further implementations. 
     These and other changes can be made to the implementations in light of the above-detailed description. In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed to limit the claims to the specific implementations disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all possible implementations along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. Accordingly, the claims are not limited by the disclosure.