Patent Publication Number: US-RE34983-E

Title: Fungicidal active compound combinations

Description:
The present application relates to new active compound combinations which consist of the known active compounds 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-butan-2-olor 1-(4-phenyl-phenoxy) triazol-1yl)-butan-2-ol on the one hand and of the similarly known compound 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-7-yl) -1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile on the other hand and are particularly suitable for the combating fungi. 
     It is already known that 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-butan-2-ol and phenyl-phenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-butan-2-ol have a fungicidal potency (compare German Patent Specification 2,324,010). The activity of these substances is good; however, when low amounts are applied, it leaves something to be desired in some cases. 
     It is furthermore already known that 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-7-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile can be employed for combating fungi (compare EP-OS (European Published Specification) 0,206,999). However, when low amounts are applied, the action of this substance is likewise not always satisfactory. 
     It has now been found that the new active compound combination of 
     A) 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-butan-2-ol of the formula ##STR4## and/or 1-(4-phenyl-phenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1yl)-butan-2-ol of the formula ##STR5## and 
     B) 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-7-yl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile of the formula ##STR6## have very good fungicidal properties. 
     Surprisingly, the fungicidal action of the active compound combinations according to the invention is considerably higher than the sum of the actions of the individual active compounds. A true unforeseeable synergistic effect thus exists, and not merely a supplementary action. 
     The active compounds contained in the active compound combinations according to the invention are already known (compare German Patent Specification 2,324,010 and EP-OS (European Published Specification) 0,206,999). If the active compounds are present in the active compound combinations according to the invention in certain weight ratios, the synergistic effect manifests itself particularly clearly. However, the weight ratios of the active compounds in the active compound combinations can be varied within a relatively wide range. In general, 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1 part by weight, of active compound of the formula (III) are present per part by weight of active compound of the formula (I) and/or (II). 
     The active compound combinations according to the invention have ver good fungicidal properties and can be employed for combating phytopathogenic fungi, such as Plasmodiophoromycetes, Oomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Dueteromycetes and the like. 
     The active compound combinations according to the invention are particularly suitable for combating cereal diseases, such as Fusarium and Drechslera. 
     The good toleration, by plants, of the active compound combinations in the concentrations required for combating plant diseases permits treatment of above-ground parts of plants, of vegetative propagation stock and seed, and of the soil. 
     The active compound combinations according to the invention can be converted into the customary formulations, such as solutions, emulsions, suspensions, powders, foams, pastes, granules, aerosols, very fine capsules in polymeric substances and in coating compositions for seed, as well as ULV formulations. 
     These formulations are produced in a known manner, for example by mixing the active compounds or active compound combinations with extenders, that is, liquid solvents, liquefied gases under pressure, and/or solid carriers, optionally with the use of surface-active agents, that is, emulsifying agents and/or dispersing agents, and/or foam-forming agents. In the case of the use of water as an extender, organic solvents can, for example, also be used as auxiliary solvents. As liquid solvents, there are suitable in the main: aromatics, such as xylene, toluene or alkylnaphthalenes, chlorinated aromatics or chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as chlorobenzenes, chloroethylenes or methylene chloride, aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexane or paraffins, for example mineral oil fractions, alcohols, such as butanol or glycol as well as their ethers and esters, ketones, such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone or cyclohexanone, strongly polar solvents, such as dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulphoxide, as well as water. By liquefied gaseous extenders or carriers are meant liquids which are gaseous at ambient temperature and under atmospheric pressure, for example aerosol propellants, such as butane, propane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. As solid carriers there are suitable: for example ground natural minerals, such as kaolins, clays, talc, chalk, quartz, attapulgite, montmorillonite or diatomaceous earth, and ground synthetic minerals, such as highly-disperse silica, alumina and silicates. As solid carriers for granules there are suitable: for example crushed and fractionated natural rocks such as calcite, marble, pumice, sepiolite and dolomite, as well as synthetic granules of inorganic and organic meals, and granules or organic material such as sawdust, coconut shells, maize cobs and tobacco stalks. As emulsifying and/or foam-forming agents there are suitable: for example non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ethers, for example alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, alkylsulphonates, alkyl sulphates, arylsulphonates as well as albumen hydrolysis products. As dispersing agents there are suitable: for example lignin-sulphite waste liquors and methylcellulose. 
     Adhesives such as carboxymethylcellulose and natural and synthetic polymers in the form of powders, granules or latices, such as gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate, as well as natural phospholipids, such as cephalins and lecithins, and synthetic phospholipids, can be used in the formulations. Other additives can be mineral and vegetable oils. 
     It is possible to use colorants such as inorganic pigments, for example iron oxide, titanium oxide and Prussian Blue, and organic dyestuffs, such as alizarin dyestuffs, azo dyestuffs and metal phthalocyanine dyestuffs, and trace nutrients such as salts of iron, manganese, boron, copper, cobalt, molybdenum and zinc. 
     The formulations in general contain between 0.1 and 95 per cent by weight of active compound, preferably between 0.5 and 90%. 
     The active compound combinations according to the invention can be present in for formulations as a mixture with other known active compounds, such as fungicides, insecticides, acaricides and herbicides, as well as in mixtures with fertilisers or growth regulators. 
     The active compound combinations can be used as such or in the form of their formulations or the use forms prepared therefrom, such as ready-to-use solutions, emulsifiable concentrates, emulsions, suspensions, wettable powders, soluble powders and granules. 
     They are used in the customary manner, for example by watering, spraying, atomising, scattering, brushing on, dry dressing, moist dressing, wet dressing, slurry dressing or encrustation. 
     In the treatment of parts of plants, the active compound concentrations in the use forms can be varied within a substantial range. They are, in general, between 1 and 0.0001% by weight, preferably between 0.5 and 0.001%. 
     In the treatment of seed, amounts of active compound of 0.001 to 50 g per kilogram of seed, preferably 0.01 to 10 g, are generally required. 
     For the treatment of soil, active commpound concentrations of 0.00001 to 0.1% by weight, preferably 0.0001 to 0.02% by weight, are required at the place of action. 
     The good fungicidal action of the active compound combinations according to the invention can be seen from the following examples. While the individual active compounds have weaknesses in their fungicidal action, the combinations exhibit an action which goes beyond a simple summation of their actions. 
     A synergistic effect is always present in fungicides if the fungicidal action of the active compound combinations is greater than the sum of the actions of the individually administered active compounds. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     FUSARIUM NIVALE TEST (RYE)/SEED TREATMENT 
     The active compounds are used as moist or dry dressings. 
     To apply the dressing, the infected seeds are shaken with the dressing in a closed glass flask for 3 minutes. 
     2 batches of 100 grains of rye are sown 1 cm deep in standard soil and are cultivated in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 10° C. and a relative atmospheric humidity of about 95%, in seedboxes which are exposed to light for 15 hours daily. 
     The plants are evaluated for symptoms of snow mould about 3 weeks after sowing. 
     The active compounds, active compound concentrations and test results can be seen from the following table. 
     
                                           TABLE 1                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
Fusarium nivale test (rye)/seed treatment                                 
                       Amount of active compound                          
                                     Degree of action in % of             
Active compound        applied in mg/kg of seed                           
                                     the untreated control                
__________________________________________________________________________
untreated              --             0                                   
Known:                                                                    
 ##STR7##              1.5625         0                                   
 ##STR8##              1.5625        35                                   
According to the invention:                                               
(I)                    0.78125                                            
+                      +             40                                   
(III)                  0.78125                                            
(1:1)                                                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Fusarium culmorum test (wheat)/seed treatment 
     The active compounds are used as moist or dry dressings. 
     To apply the dressing, the infected seeds are shaken with the dressing in a closed glass flask for 3 minutes. 
     2 batches of 100 grains of wheat are sown 1 cm deep in standard soil and are cultivated in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 18° C., in seedboxes which are exposed to light for 15 hours daily. 
     The plants are evaluated for symptoms about 3 weeks after sowing. 
     The active compounds, active compound concentrations and test results can be seen from the following table. 
     
                                           TABLE 2-A                               
__________________________________________________________________________
Fusarium colmorum test (wheat)/seed treatment                             
                       Amount of active compound                          
                                     Degree of action in % of             
Active compound        applied in mg/kg of seed                           
                                     the untreated control                
__________________________________________________________________________
--                     --            =0                                   
(untreated)                                                               
Known:                                                                    
 ##STR9##              25            36                                   
 ##STR10##             25            59                                   
According to the invention:                                               
(I)                    12.5                                               
+                      +             64                                   
(III)                  12.5                                               
(1:1)                                                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-B                               
__________________________________________________________________________
Fusarium culmorum test (wheat)/seed treatment                             
                           Amount of active compound                      
                                         Degree of action in % of         
Active compound            applied in mg/kg of seed                       
                                         the untreated control            
__________________________________________________________________________
--                         --            =0                               
(untreated)                                                               
Known:                                                                    
 ##STR11##                 0.78125       15                               
 ##STR12##                 0.78125       33                               
According to the invention:                                               
(II)                       0.390625                                       
+                          +             44                               
(III)                      0.390625                                       
(1:1)                                                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Drechslera graminea test (barley)/seed treatment (syn. Helminthosporium gramineum) 
     The active compounds are used as moist or dry dressings. To apply the dressing, the infected seeds are shaken with the dressing in a closed glass flask for 3 minutes. 
     The seed is embedded in sieved, moist standard soil and exposed in closed Petri dishes to a temperature of 4° C. in a refrigerator for 10 days. The germination of the barley and where appropriate also of the fungus spores is initiated by this procedure. 2 batches of 50 grains of the pregerminated barley are then sown 3 cm deep in standard soil and are cultivated in a greenhouse at a temperature of about 18° C., in seedboxes which are exposed to light for 15 hours daily. 
     The plants are evaluated for symptoms of stripe disease about 3 weeks after sowing. 
     The active compounds, active compound concentrations and test results can be seen from the following table. 
     
                                           TABLE 3                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
Drechslera graminea test (wheat)/seed treatment                           
(syn. Helminthosporuim gramineum)                                         
                       Amount of active compound                          
                                     Degree of action in % of             
Active compound        applied in mg/kg of seed                           
                                     the untreated control                
__________________________________________________________________________
--                     --            =0                                   
(untreated)                                                               
Known:                                                                    
 ##STR13##             50            75                                   
 ##STR14##             50            85                                   
According to the invention:                                               
(I)                    25                                                 
+                      +             92                                   
(III)                  25                                                 
(1:1)                                                                     
__________________________________________________________________________
 
    
     It will be understood that the specifications and examples are illustrative but not limitative of the present invention and that other embodiments within the spirit and scope of the invention will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.