Patent Publication Number: US-11650683-B2

Title: Display apparatus

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/985,587, filed on Aug. 5, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/204,386, filed on Nov. 29, 2018, which claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2017-0163539, filed on Nov. 30, 2017, and all the benefits accruing therefrom under 35 U.S.C. § 119, the content of which in its entirety is herein incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention herein relate to a display apparatus, and more particularly, to a flexible display apparatus. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Various display devices such as a television, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a navigation, and a game console are being developed. In recent years, as technologies are advanced, a flexible display device is being developed. 
     SUMMARY 
     A flexible display device has a limitation in that the flexible display device receives a stress caused by bending, and internal components are damaged due to stress. Furthermore, the flexible display device may be easily damaged even during a manufacturing process. In particular, a crack may be generated in a display panel in a process of mounting a driving integrated circuit to the display panel. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide a display apparatus capable of preventing short-circuit from occurring between output pads and input pads caused by a delamination phenomenon between a touch insulation layer and an interlayer insulation film by defining a groove pattern in the touch insulation layer. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention also provide a display apparatus capable of preventing a crack, which is generated due to a stress concentrated around pads disposed at an outer portion of the display panel when a driving circuit chip is disposed (e.g., mounted) on a display panel, from being generated in a display panel. 
     An exemplary embodiment of the invention provides a display apparatus including a substrate, signal lines, a display element layer, a pad group, an intermediate insulation layer, a touch electrode layer, and a touch insulation layer. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate may include a display area and a non-display area disposed outside the display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the signal lines may be disposed on the substrate. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the display element layer may be disposed on the signal lines and include display elements disposed in the display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the pad group may be electrically connected to the signal lines and include output pads disposed in the non-display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the intermediate insulation layer may be disposed between the signal lines and the display element layer to expose the output pads. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the touch electrode layer may be disposed on the display element layer. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the touch insulation layer may be disposed on the display element layer and contact the touch electrode layer, and a groove pattern may be defined in the touch insulation layer in the non-display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the output pads may include central output pads and outer output pads disposed outside the central output pads in a first direction. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the groove pattern may be disposed between the output pads and the intermediate insulation layer and may not overlap at least a predetermined number of the outer output pads in a second direction crossing the first direction in a plan view. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a display apparatus includes a substrate, signal lines, a display element layer, a pad group, a driving circuit chip, a touch electrode layer, a touch insulation layer, and a compensation pattern. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate may include a display area and a non-display area disposed outside the display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the signal lines may be disposed on the substrate. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the display element layer may be disposed on the signal lines and include display elements disposed in the display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the pad group may be electrically connected to the signal lines and include output pads disposed in the non-display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the intermediate insulation layer may be disposed between the signal lines and the display element layer to expose the output pads. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the touch electrode layer may be disposed on the display element layer. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the touch insulation layer may be disposed on the display element layer and contact the touch electrode layer, and a groove pattern may be defined in the touch insulation layer in the non-display area. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the compensation pattern may be disposed on the touch insulation layer and overlap the groove pattern. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the output pads may include central output pads and outer output pads disposed outside the central output pads in a first direction that is an extension direction of a short side of each of the output pads. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the groove pattern may be disposed between the output pads and the intermediate insulation layer. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the compensation pattern may overlap at least a predetermined number of the outer output pads in a second direction crossing the first direction in a plan view. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain principles of the invention. In the drawings: 
         FIG.  1    is a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a display apparatus according to the invention; 
         FIG.  2    is an equivalent circuit diagram of one pixel; 
         FIG.  3    is a partial cross-sectional view of the display panel in correspondence to one pixel; 
         FIG.  4    is a plan view of a touch sensor in  FIG.  3   ; 
         FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  4   ; 
         FIG.  6    is an enlarged plan view illustrating an area AA of the display apparatus in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  7    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  6   ; 
         FIG.  8    is a view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG.  8   ; 
         FIG.  10    is a view exemplarily illustrating a comparative example of a cross-section of a display apparatus; 
         FIG.  11    is a photograph showing the comparative example of a cross-section of the display apparatus; 
         FIG.  12    is a photograph showing a defect generated in a mobile terminal to which the comparative example of the display apparatus is applied; 
         FIG.  13    is a view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in the enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  14    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG.  13   ; 
         FIG.  15    is a view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in the enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  16    is a view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in the enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  17    is a view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in the enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  18    is a view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a shape of a groove pattern according to the invention in the enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   ; and 
         FIG.  19    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ of  FIG.  18   . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification, it will also be understood that when one component (or region, layer, portion) is referred to as being ‘on’, ‘connected to’, or ‘coupled to’ another component, it may be directly connected/coupled on/to the one component, or an intervening third component may also be present. 
     Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. Also, in the drawing figures, the thickness, ratio, and dimensions of components are exaggerated for clarity of illustration. The term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. 
     It will be understood that although the terms such as ‘first’ and ‘second’ are used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. The terms are only used to distinguish one component from other components. For example, a first element referred to as a first element in one embodiment can be referred to as a second element in another exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope of the appended claims. The terms of a singular form may include plural forms unless referred to the contrary. 
     Also, “under”, “below”, “above”, “upper”, and the like are used for explaining relation association of components illustrated in the drawings. The terms may be a relative concept and described based on directions expressed in the drawings. 
     The meaning of ‘include’ or ‘comprise’ specifies a property, a fixed number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof, but does not exclude other properties, fixed numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations thereof. 
     It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be therebetween. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there are no intervening elements present. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms, including “at least one,” unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. “Or” means “and/or.” As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” or “includes” and/or “including” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Furthermore, relative terms, such as “lower” or “bottom” and “upper” or “top,” may be used herein to describe one element&#39;s relationship to another element as illustrated in the Figures. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the Figures. In an exemplary embodiment, when the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as being on the “lower” side of other elements would then be oriented on “upper” sides of the other elements. The exemplary term “lower,” can therefore, encompasses both an orientation of “lower” and “upper,” depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, when the device in one of the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements would then be oriented “above” the other elements. The exemplary terms “below” or “beneath” can, therefore, encompass both an orientation of above and below. 
     “About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “about” can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, 20%, 10%, 5% of the stated value. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the invention, and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. 
     Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross section illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized embodiments. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments described herein should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions as illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. In an exemplary embodiment, a region illustrated or described as flat may, typically, have rough and/or nonlinear features. Moreover, sharp angles that are illustrated may be rounded. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. 
       FIG.  1    is a plan view of a display apparatus DM according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , the display apparatus DM includes a display panel DP, a driving circuit chip IC, and a flexible printed circuit board FPC. 
     The display panel DP may be a light emitting type display panel. However, the invention is not particularly limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the display panel DP may be an organic light emitting display panel or a quantum dot light emitting display panel, for example. The organic light emitting display panel includes a light emitting layer including an organic light emitting material. The quantum dot light emitting display panel includes a light emitting layer including a quantum dot and a quantum dot rod. Hereinafter, the display panel DP will be described as the organic light emitting display panel. 
     The display panel DP includes a display area DA and a non-display area NDA disposed adjacent to the display area DA. The non-display area NDA may be an area on which an image is not displayed. In an exemplary embodiment, the display area DA may have a rectangular shape, for example. The non-display area NDA may surround the display area DA. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the display area DA and the non-display area NDA may be changed in shape, for example. 
     Hereinafter, in an exemplary embodiment, a direction of a short side of the display panel DP is defined by a first direction DR 1 , a direction of a long side of the display panel DP is defined by a second direction DR 2 , and a direction of a normal line of the display panel DP is defined by a third direction. 
     The display panel DP may include a plurality of signal lines and a pixel PX. 
     The signal lines may include a scan line GL, a data line DL, and a power line PL. Although each of the scan line GL, the data line DL, and the power line PL is provided in plurality, one scan line GL, one data line DL, and one power line PL are exemplarily illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The scan line GL, the data line DL, and the power line PL are connected to the pixel PX. In  FIG.  1   , the scan line GL, the data line DL, and the power line PL are exemplarily connected to the driving circuit chip IC. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, a portion of each of the scan line GL, the data line DL and the power line PL may be connected to the flexible printed circuit board FPC to receive a driving signal, for example. 
     The signal lines may be provided by patterning a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer, which are disposed on different layers. A position relationship between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer will be described later. 
     The display panel DP may include a scan driving circuit (not shown) disposed on the non-display area NDA. The scan driving circuit (not shown) may receive a driving signal from the driving circuit chip IC or the flexible printed circuit board FPC and supply a scan signal to the scan line GL. 
     The pixel PX may be connected to the scan line GL and the data line DL to display an image. The pixel PX may display one of red, green, and blue colors. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the pixel PX may display other colors (e.g., white color) in addition to the red, green, and blue colors, for example. Although the pixel PX has a rectangular shape in  FIG.  1    as an example, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the shape of the pixel PX may be changed into various shapes such as polygonal, circular, and elliptical shapes, for example. 
     The driving circuit chip IC may be attached to the non-display area NDA of the display panel DP. The driving circuit chip IC provides a signal necessary for driving the display panel DP. The driving circuit chip IC may be a source driver integrated circuit for providing a data signal to the data line DL. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the driving circuit chip IC may be a universal driver integrated circuit in which all circuits including the scan driving circuit providing a scan signal to the scan line GL are integrated. Here, the scan driving circuit may not be disposed on the display panel DP, for example. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the driving circuit chip IC may be disposed (e.g., mounted) on the display panel DP in a chip-on-panel (“COP”) method, for example. 
     The flexible printed circuit board FPC may be connected to one end of the display panel DP in a second direction DR 2 . The flexible printed circuit board FPC may be directly connected to the signal lines disposed on the display panel DP or connected to the driving circuit chip IC to transmit a signal received from the outside. 
       FIG.  2    is an equivalent circuit diagram of one pixel PX.  FIG.  2    exemplarily illustrates the pixel PX connected to the scan line GL, one of the data lines DL, and the power line PL. However, the invention is not limited to the configuration of the pixel PX. 
     The organic light emitting diode OLED may be a front light emitting diode or a rear light emitting diode. The pixel PX that is a pixel driving circuit for driving an organic light emitting diode OLED includes a first transistor T 1  (or a switching transistor), a second transistor T 2  (or a driving transistor), and a capacitor Cst. A first power voltage ELVDD is provided to the second transistor T 2 , and a second power voltage ELVSS is provided to the organic light emitting diode OLED. The second power voltage ELVSS may be less than the first power voltage ELVDD. 
     The first transistor T 1  outputs a data signal applied to the data line DL in response to a scan signal applied to the scan line GL. The capacitor Cst charges a voltage corresponding to a data signal received from the first transistor T 1 . 
     The second transistor T 2  is connected to the organic light emitting diode OLED. The second transistor T 2  controls a driving current flowing through the organic light emitting diode OLED in correspondence to a quantity of an electric charge stored in the capacitor Cst. The organic light emitting diode OLED emits light during a turn-on interval of the second transistor T 2 . 
       FIG.  3    is a partial cross-sectional view of the display panel in correspondence to one pixel PX. 
     The display panel DP includes a substrate SUB, a circuit element layer CL, a display element layer DPL, a thin-film encapsulation layer TFE, and a touch sensor TS. Although not shown, the display panel DP may further include a reflection protective layer and/or a window member, which are disposed on the touch sensor TS. 
     The substrate SUB may include at least one plastic film. The substrate SUB may be flexible. In an exemplary embodiment, the substrate SUB may include a plastic substrate, a glass substrate, a metal substrate, or an organic/inorganic composite substrate, for example. The display area DA and the non-display area NDA described with reference to  FIG.  1    may be defined on the substrate SUB in the same manner. 
     The circuit element layer CL may include the signal lines, the scan line GL, the data line DL, and the power line PL, which are described with reference to  FIG.  2   . Also, the circuit element layer CL may include the first transistor T 1 , the second transistor T 2 , and the capacitor Cst. In  FIG.  3   , the first transistor T 1  is exemplarily described. 
     The circuit element layer CL may include a barrier layer BR, an active layer ACT, a gate insulation film GI, a gate electrode GE, an interlayer insulation film ILD, input and output electrodes SE and DE, and an intermediate insulation layer VLD. 
     The barrier layer BR is disposed on the substrate SUB and prevent foreign substances from being introduced through an upper portion of the barrier layer BR. 
     Although not shown, the display panel DP may further include a buffer film (not shown) disposed on the barrier layer BR. The buffer film (not shown) increases a coupling force between the substrate SUB and layers disposed above the substrate SUB. The barrier layer BR and the buffer film (not shown) may be selectively provided or omitted. 
     The active layer ACT is disposed on the barrier layer BR. The active layer ACT may serve as a channel area of the first transistor T 1 . In an exemplary embodiment, the active layer ACT may include amorphous silicon, polysilicon, and a metal oxide semiconductor, for example. 
     The gate insulation film GI may be disposed on the active layer ACT. The gate insulation film GI may insulate the gate electrode GE from the active layer ACT. 
     The gate electrode GE may be disposed on the gate insulation film GI. The gate electrode GE may be disposed on the active layer ACT while overlapping the same. 
     A first conductive layer (not shown) constituting signal lines may be disposed in the same layer as the gate electrode GE. 
     The interlayer insulation film ILD is disposed on the gate electrode GE. The interlayer insulation film ILD electrically insulates the gate electrode GE and the input and output electrodes SE and DE from each other. The interlayer insulation film ILD may include an inorganic material. In an exemplary embodiment, the inorganic material may include a silicon nitride, a silicon oxynitride, and a silicon oxide, for example. 
     The input and output electrodes SE and DE is disposed on the interlayer insulation film ILD. The input and output electrodes SE and DE may be electrically connected to the active layer ACT through first and second contact holes CH 1  and CH 2  defined in the gate insulation film GI, respectively. 
     A second conductive layer (not shown) constituting signal lines may be disposed in the same layer as the input and output electrodes SE and DE. 
     Although the display panel DP exemplarily has a top-gate structure in which the gate electrode GE is disposed on the active layer ACT in an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the display panel DP may have a bottom-gate structure in which the gate electrode GE is disposed below the active layer ACT in another exemplary embodiment. 
     The interlayer insulation film ILD is disposed on the input and output electrodes SE and DE. The interlayer insulation film ILD may provide a planar surface. The interlayer insulation film ILD may include an organic material. In an exemplary embodiment, the organic material may include at least one of an acryl-based resin, a methacryl-based resin, a polyisoprene-based resin, a vinyl-based resin, an epoxy-based resin, a urethane-based resin, a cellulose-based resin, a siloxane-based resin, a polyimide-based resin, a polyamide-based resin, and a perylene-based resin, for example. 
     The display element layer DPL is disposed on the intermediate insulation layer VLD. The display element layer DPL may include a pixel defining film PDL and a display element. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the display element may be the organic light emitting diode OLED. The organic light emitting diode OLED includes a first electrode AE, a hole control layer HCL, a light emitting layer EML, an electron control layer ECL, and a second electrode CE. 
     The pixel defining layer PDL may include an organic material. The first electrode AE is disposed on the intermediate insulation layer VLD. The first electrode AE is connected to the output electrode DE through a third contact hole CH 3  passing through the intermediate insulation layer VLD. A first opening OP 1  is defined in the pixel defining film PDL. The first opening OP 1  of the pixel defining film PDL exposes at least a portion of the first electrode AE. 
     The pixel may be disposed on a pixel area in a plan view. The pixel area may include a light emitting area PXA and a non-light emitting area NPXA disposed adjacent to the light emitting area PXA. The non-light emitting area NPXA may surround the light emitting area PXA. In this exemplary embodiment, the light emitting area PXA is defined in correspondence to a partial area of the first electrode AE, which is exposed by the first opening OP 1 . 
     The hole control layer HCL may be disposed in the light emitting area PXA and the non-light emitting area NPXA in common. Although not separately shown, a common layer such as the hole control layer HCL may be provided in the plurality of pixels PX in common. 
     The light emitting layer EML is disposed on the hole control layer HCL. The light emitting layer EML may be disposed in an area corresponding to the opening OP 1 . That is, the light emitting layer EML may be separately provided in each of the plurality of pixels PX. The light emitting layer EML may include an organic material and/or an inorganic material. Although the patterned light emitting layer EML is exemplarily illustrated in this exemplary embodiment, the light emitting layer EML may be disposed in the plurality of pixels PX in common. In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting layer EML may generate white-color light, for example. Also, the light emitting layer EML may have a multi-layer structure. 
     The electron control layer ECL is disposed on the light emitting layer EML. Although not separately shown, a common layer such as the hole control layer HCL may be provided in the plurality of pixels PX in common. 
     The second electrode CE is disposed on the electron control layer ECL. The second electrode CE is disposed in the plurality of pixels PX in common. 
     The thin-film encapsulation layer TFE is disposed on the second electrode CE. The thin-film encapsulation layer TFE is disposed in the plurality of pixels PX in common. In this exemplary embodiment, the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE directly covers the second electrode CE. In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, a capping layer for covering the second electrode CE may be further disposed between the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE and the second electrode CE. Here, the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE may directly cover the capping layer. 
     The thin-film encapsulation layer TFE includes at least one inorganic film (hereinafter, referred to as an encapsulation inorganic film). The thin-film encapsulation layer TFE may further include at least one organic film (hereinafter, referred to as an encapsulation organic film). The encapsulation inorganic film protects the display element layer DPL from moisture/oxygen, and the encapsulation organic layer protects the display element layer DPL from foreign substances such as dust particles. In an exemplary embodiment, the encapsulation inorganic film may include a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer, for example. Although the encapsulation organic film may include an acryl-based organic layer, the invention is not limited thereto. 
     The touch sensor TS is disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE. The touch sensor TS acquires coordinate information of external input. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the touch sensor TS is directly disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer TFE. In this specification, a wording of “directly disposed” represents formation through a continuous process instead of attachment by a separated adhesive layer. 
     In an exemplary embodiment, the touch sensor TS may detect an external input in a capacitance method, for example. The invention is not limited to the operation method of the touch sensor TS. In an exemplary embodiment, the touch sensor TS according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may detect an external input in an electromagnetic induction method or a pressure sensing method, for example. 
     The touch sensor TS may have a multi-layer structure. The touch sensor TS may include a single-layer or multi-layer conductive layer. The touch sensor TS may include a single-layer or multi-layer insulation layer. 
       FIG.  4    is a plan view of the touch sensor in  FIG.  3   , and  FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ in  FIG.  4   . 
     The touch sensor TS may include a touch electrode layer TML and a touch insulation layer TSL. The touch insulation layer TSL may contact the touch electrode layer TML. 
     The touch electrode layer TML may include a first touch electrode layer TML 1  and a second touch electrode layer TML 2 . The touch insulation layer TSL may include a first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and a second touch insulation layer TSL 2 . 
     The second touch electrode layer TML 2  may be disposed on the first touch electrode layer TML 1 . 
     Each of the first touch electrode layer TML 1  and the second touch electrode layer TML 2  may have a single-layer structure or a laminated multi-layer structure. The conductive layer having a multi-layer structure may include at least two or more layers of transparent layers and metal layers. The conductive layer having the multi-layer structure may include metal layers each of which includes different metal from each other. In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent conductive layer may include an indium tin oxide (“ITO”), an indium zinc oxide (“IZO”), a zinc oxide (“ZnO”), an indium tin zinc oxide (“ITZO”), PEDOT, a metal nano-wire, and graphene, for example. In an exemplary embodiment, the metal layer may include molybdenum, silver, titanium, copper, aluminum, and an alloy thereof, for example. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the first touch electrode layer TML 1  and the second touch electrode layer TML 2  may have a three-layer structure of titanium/aluminum/titanium, for example. 
     The first touch insulation layer TSL 1  may be disposed between the first touch electrode layer TML 1  and the second touch electrode layer TML 2 . The second touch insulation layer TSL 2  may be disposed between the uppermost layer (thin-film encapsulation layer TFE (refer to  FIG.  3   )) of the display panel DP and the first touch electrode layer TML 1 . However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the second touch insulation layer TSL 2  may be selectively omitted, for example. 
     Each of the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2  may include an inorganic material. In an exemplary embodiment, the inorganic material may include a silicon nitride, a silicon oxynitride, and a silicon oxide, for example. 
     The touch sensor TS may further include a planarization film PAS disposed on the second touch electrode layer TML 2 . The planarization film PAS may provide a planar surface and include an organic material. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  4   , the touch sensor TS may include: first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 5 , first touch signal lines SL 1 - 1  to SL 1 - 5  connected to the first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 5 , second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4 , second touch signal lines SL 2 - 1  to SL 2 - 4  connected to the second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4 , and touch pads TS-PD connected to the first touch signal lines SL 1 - 1  to SL 1 - 5  and the second touch signal lines SL 2 - 1  to SL 2 - 4 . 
     Each of the first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 4  may have a mesh shape in which a plurality of touch openings is defined. Each of the first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 4  includes a plurality of first touch sensor parts SP 1  and a plurality of first connecting parts CP 1 . The first touch sensor parts SP 1  are disposed in the first direction DR 1 . Each of the first connecting parts CP 1  connects two first touch sensor parts SP 1  adjacent to each other among the first touch sensor parts SP 1 . Although not specifically shown, the first touch signal lines SL 1 - 1  to SL 1 - 5  may also have the mesh shape. 
     The second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4  cross the first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 4  in an insulation manner. Each of the second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4  may have a mesh shape in which a plurality of touch openings is defined. Each of the second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4  includes a plurality of second touch sensor parts SP 2  and a plurality of second connecting parts CP 2 . The second touch sensor parts SP 2  are disposed in the second direction DR 2 . Each of the second connecting parts CP 2  connects two second touch sensor parts SP 2  adjacent to each other among the second touch sensor parts SP 2 . The second touch signal lines SL 2 - 1  to SL 2 - 4  may also have the mesh shape. 
     The first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 5  and the second touch electrodes TE 2 - 1  to TE 2 - 4  are capacitively coupled to each other. As touch sensing signals are applied to the first touch electrodes TE 1 - 1  to TE 1 - 5 , capacitors are provided between the first touch sensor parts SP 1  and the second touch sensor parts SP 2 . 
     In this exemplary embodiment, the plurality of first connecting parts CP 1  is provided from the first touch electrode layer TML 1 , and the plurality of first touch sensor parts SP 1  and the plurality of second connecting parts CP 2  are provided from the second touch electrode layer TML 2 . 
     However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, a portion of the first touch sensor parts SP 1 , the plurality of first connecting parts CP 1 , the first touch signal lines SL 1 - 1  to SL 1 - 5 , the second touch sensor parts SP 2 , the plurality of second connecting parts CP 2 , and the second touch signal lines SL 2 - 1  to SL 2 - 4  may be provided from the first touch electrode layer TML 1  in  FIG.  5   , and another portion thereof may be provided from the second touch electrode layer TML 2  in  FIG.  5   , for example. 
       FIG.  6    is an enlarged partial plan view illustrating area AA of the display apparatus in  FIG.  1   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  6   , the display panel DP may further include a pad group PDG disposed in the non-display area NDA and a test circuit TCR. 
     The pad group PDG may include input pads IPD and output pads OPD. The output pads OPD are disposed relatively closer to the display area DA than the input pads IPD is to the display area DA. The driving circuit chip IC is electrically connected to the display panel DP through the input pads IPD and the output pads OPD. 
     The display panel DP may further include output pad lines OPL and input pad lines IPL. The output pad lines OPL connect the output pads OPD to a portion (e.g., data lines DL) of the signal lines. The input pad lines IPL connect the input pads IPD to the flexible printed circuit board FPC. 
     The driving circuit chip IC receives a signal provided from the flexible printed circuit board FPC through the input pad lines IPL and the input pads IPD. The driving circuit chip IC may provide a signal to at least a portion of the scan line GL, the data line DL, and the power line PL through the output pads OPD and the output pad lines OPL. 
     The output pads OPD may be provided in a plurality of rows. The output pads OPD disposed in one row may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . Although the output pads OPD are exemplarily disposed in three rows in  FIG.  6   , the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the output pads OPD may be disposed in two or less rows or four or more rows, for example. 
     Although the input pads IPD are exemplarily provided in one row in  FIG.  6   , the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the input pads IPD may be provided in a plurality of rows, for example. 
     Each of the input pads IPD and the output pads OPD may have a short side and a long side. Each of the short sides of the input pads IPD and the output pads OPD may extend in the first direction DR 1 . Each of the long sides of the input pads IPD and the output pads OPD may extend in a fourth direction DR 4  crossing the first and second directions DR 1  and DR 2 . 
     Pads, which are disposed in rows corresponding to each other, of the plurality of output pads OPD disposed in rows different from each other may be spaced apart from each other in the fourth direction DR 4 . In an exemplary embodiment, an output pad OPD 11  disposed in a first row and a first column and an output pad OPD 21  disposed in a second row and a first row may be spaced apart from each other in the fourth direction DR 4 , for example. 
     The test circuit TCR may overlap the driving circuit chip IC in the non-display area NDA. The display panel DP may further include test pad lines TPL connecting the test circuit TCR to the output pads OPD. The test pad lines TPL may be connected to a predetermined number of the output pads OPD, e.g., the output pads OPD connected to the data line. 
     The test circuit TCR provides a signal for testing an operation state of the display panel DP before released as a final product to the display panel DP through the test pad lines TPL and the output pads OPD. The test circuit TCR after product release may be deactivated. 
     According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the test circuit TCR is provided to overlap the driving circuit chip IC instead of being provided in a partial area of the non-display area NDA that does not overlap the driving circuit chip IC. Accordingly, the non-display area NDA may be reduced in size, and thus, a space utilization rate may increase. 
     The intermediate insulation layer VLD exposes the pad group PDG so that the pad group PDG and the driving circuit chip IC contact each other. The intermediate insulation layer VLD serves to protect the test circuit TCR by covering the test circuit TCR. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a groove pattern is defined around the pad group PDG in the touch insulation layer TSL (refer to  FIG.  5   ) in a plan view. Detailed description will be described later. 
       FIG.  7    is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  6   . The cross-sectional structure of one output pad of the output pads will be described with reference to  FIG.  7   . The output pads OPD and the input pads IPD are substantially the same in structure as each other. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 ,  6 , and  7   , the display panel DP includes a data pad pattern DPP contacting the output pad OPD and a gate pad pattern GPP. 
     The gate pad pattern GPP is disposed in the same layer as the gate electrode GE in  FIG.  3   , the data pad pattern DPP is disposed in the same layer as the input and output electrodes SE and DE in  FIG.  3   , and the output pad OPD is disposed in the same layer as one of the first touch electrode layer TML 1  and the second touch electrode layer TML 2  in  FIG.  5   . In detail, the output pad OPD may be disposed in the same layer as the second touch electrode layer TML 2 . In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the data pad pattern DPP may be selectively omitted. 
     The output pad lines OPL and the test pad lines TPL may be disposed in the same layer as the gate pad pattern GPP and electrically connected to the gate pad pattern GPP. 
     A second opening OP 2  exposing at least a portion of the gate pad pattern GPP is defined in the interlayer insulation film ILD, and the gate pad pattern GPP and the data pad pattern DPP contact each other through the second opening OP 2 . 
     A third opening OP 3  exposing at least a portion of the data pad pattern DPP is defined in the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2 , and the output pad OPD and the data pad pattern DPP contact each other through the third opening OP 3 . 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2  include the substantially same material as each other, and the groove patterns having the same shape as each other are defined in the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2 . Accordingly, hereinafter, the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2  will be described as a touch insulation layer TSL instead of being separately described. A wording that the groove pattern is defined in the touch insulation layer TSL represents that the recesses pattern is defined in each of the first touch insulation layer TSL 1  and the second touch insulation layer TSL 2 , for example. 
       FIG.  8    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   , and  FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ in  FIG.  8   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , the output pads OPD may include central output pads OPDC and outer output pads OPDP. The outer output pads OPDP may be disposed outside the central output pads OPDC. 
     Although the outer output pads OPDP is disposed at one outside of the central output pads OPDC in the first direction DR 1  in  FIG.  8   , the outer output pads OPDP may be disposed at the other outside of the central output pads OPDC in the first direction DR 1 . 
     In a plan view, a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP may not overlap the test circuit TCR in the second direction DR 2 . In the plan view, the central output pads OPDC may overlap the test circuit TCR in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The output pads OPD are exemplarily disposed in three rows in an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The output pads OPD may be classified into first to third row output pads  101 ,  102 , and  103  in an order adjacent to the test circuit TCR. 
     Although the outer output pads OPDP are exemplarily illustrated as output pads disposed from the first row that is the outermost row to the third row in  FIG.  8   , the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the number of the outer output pads OPDP may be variously set, for example. 
     Also, the input pads IPD may include central input pads IPDC and outer input pads IPDP. The outer input pads IPDP may be disposed outside the central input pads IPDC. 
     In a plan view, at least a predetermined number of the outer input pads IPDP may not overlap the test circuit TCR in the second direction DR 2 . In the plan view, the central input pads OPDC may overlap the test circuit TCR in the second direction DR 2 . 
     Although the outer input pads IPDP are exemplarily illustrated as input pads disposed from the first row that is the outermost row to the third row in  FIG.  8   , the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment the number of the outer input pads IPDP may be variously set, for example. 
     A groove pattern GR is defined in the touch insulation layer TSL. The groove pattern GR may be a hole passing through the touch insulation layer TSL. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the groove pattern GR may pass through the touch insulation layer TSL and define a groove in the interlayer insulation film ILD, for example. 
     The groove pattern GR may overlap the non-display area NDA in the plan view and be defined around the pad group PDG (refer to  FIG.  6   ). The groove pattern GR may overlap the driving circuit chip IC in the plan view. 
     In the plan view, the groove pattern GR may be disposed between the central output pads OPDC and the intermediate insulation layer VLD. In other words, in the plan view, a distance between the groove pattern GR and the central output pads OPDC may be shorter than that between the central output pads OPDC and the intermediate insulation layer VLD. The groove pattern GR may overlap at least a predetermined number of the central output pads OPDC. The groove pattern GR may not overlap at least a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP. 
     Hereinafter, the shape of the groove pattern GR will be described. 
     The intermediate insulation layer VLD may include a first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1  and a second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . 
     The first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1  and the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  may be spaced apart from each other. In the plan view, the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  may be disposed between the output pads OPD and the input pads IPD in the second direction DR 2 . The second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  may overlap the driving circuit chip IC (refer to  FIG.  6   ) and cover the test circuit TCR (refer to  FIG.  6   ). The first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1  may be the remaining portion except for the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . 
     A fourth opening OP 4  is defined in the first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1 , and the pad group PDG is exposed through the fourth opening OP 4 . The fourth opening OP 4  may have a rectangular shape that is similar to a planar shape of the driving circuit chip IC. The fourth opening OP 4  having the rectangular shape has first to fourth inside surfaces. In  FIG.  8   , a first inside surface IS 1  adjacent to the display area DA and extending in the first direction DR 1 , a second inside surface IS 2  in parallel to the first inside surface IS 1 , and a third inside surface IS 3  connecting the first inside surface IS 1  to the second inside surface IS 2  are illustrated. Although a fourth inside surface (not shown) is not shown, the fourth inside surface may face the third inside surface IS 3  and connect the first and second inside surfaces IS 1  and IS 2  to each other. 
     In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the groove pattern GR may include first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4 . 
     In the plan view, the first groove pattern GR 1  may pass-through between the central output pads OPDC and the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . The first groove pattern GR 1  may have a linear shape extending in the first direction DR 1 . The first groove pattern GR 1  may not overlap a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . In  FIG.  8   , the first groove pattern GR 1  exemplarily does not overlap all of the output pads  101 , which are disposed in the first row, of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The first groove pattern GR 1  may overlap all of the central output pads OPDC in the second direction DR 2 . 
     In the plan view, the second groove pattern GR 2  may pass-through between the central input pads IPDC and the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . The second groove pattern GR 2  may have a linear shape extending in the first direction DR 1 . The second groove pattern GR 2  may not overlap a predetermined number of the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . In  FIG.  8   , the second groove pattern GR 2  exemplarily dose not overlap all of the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The second groove pattern GR 2  may overlap all of the central input pads IPDC in the second direction DR 2 . 
     In the plan view, the third groove pattern GR 3  may pass-through between the central output pads OPDC and the first inside surface IS 1  of the first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1 . The third groove pattern GR 3  may have a linear shape extending in the first direction DR 1 . The third groove pattern GR 3  may not overlap a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . In  FIG.  8   , the third groove pattern GR 3  exemplarily dose not overlap all of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The third groove pattern GR 3  may overlap at least a predetermined number of the central output pads OPDC in the second direction DR 2 . In  FIG.  8   , the third groove pattern GR 3  exemplarily overlaps all of the output pads  103 , which are disposed in the third row, of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . 
     In the plan view, the fourth groove pattern GR 3  may pass-through between the central input pads IPDC and the second inside surface IS 2  of the first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1 . The fourth groove pattern GR 4  may have a linear shape extending in the first direction DR 1 . The fourth groove pattern GR 4  may not overlap a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . In  FIG.  8   , the fourth groove pattern GR 4  exemplarily dose not overlap all of the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The fourth groove pattern GR 4  may overlap at least a predetermined number of the central input pads IPDC in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The interlayer insulation film ILD (refer to  FIG.  9   ) may be exposed by the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4 . 
     In  FIG.  9   , although the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4  are exemplarily defined in the touch insulation layer TSL, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4  may extend to be defined in a portion of the interlayer insulation film ILD, for example. 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , the display apparatus DM may further include a bump BMP. The bump BMP may be attached to one surface of the driving circuit chip IC, which faces the display panel DP. The bump BMP may include a conductive material. The driving circuit chip IC may receive a voltage and current signal through the bump BMP. 
     The driving circuit chip IC may be disposed (e.g., mounted) in such a manner that an anisotropic conductive film (“ACF”) is disposed between the driving circuit chip IC and the display panel DP and then thermally compressed at a high temperature. The ACF may include a plurality of conductive balls  150  and an adhesive material  151 . The conductive ball  150  may allow the bump BMP and the input and output pads IPD and OPD to be electrically connected to each other. 
     In  FIG.  9   , the output pad OPD contacts an output data pad pattern DPP 1  through a fifth opening OP 5  defined in the touch insulation layer TSL, and the output data pad pattern DPP 1  contacts an output gate pad pattern GPP 1  through a sixth opening OP 6  defined in the interlayer insulation film ILD. 
     The input pad IPD contacts an input data pad pattern DPP 2  through a seventh opening OP 7  defined in the touch insulation layer TSL, and the input data pad pattern DPP 2  contacts an input gate pad pattern GPP 2  through a eighth opening OP 8  defined in the interlayer insulation film ILD. 
     Since the structures of the output pad OPD and the input pad IPD have been described with reference to  FIG.  7   , detailed description will be omitted. 
     In  FIG.  9   , the test circuit TCR may include at least one of a first test pattern TCR 1  and a second test pattern TCR 2 . The first test pattern TCR 1  may be disposed in the same layer as the output gate pad pattern GPP 1  and the input gate pad pattern GPP 2 . The second test pattern TCR 2  may be disposed in the same layer as the output data pad pattern DPP 1  and the input data pad pattern DPP 2 . 
       FIG.  10    is a view exemplarily illustrating a cross-section of a display apparatus corresponding to a comparative example,  FIG.  11    is a photograph showing the cross-section of the display apparatus corresponding to the comparative example, and  FIG.  12    is a photograph showing a defect occurred in a mobile terminal to which the display apparatus corresponding to the comparative example is applied. 
     It is assumed that  FIG.  10    has the substantially same structure as that in  FIG.  9    except for the groove pattern GR in  FIG.  9   .  FIG.  10    is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III′ of  FIG.  8   . A component, which corresponds to that of the display apparatus in  FIG.  9   , of components in  FIG.  10    is indicated by adding “−1” to the reference symbol of the corresponding component of the display apparatus in  FIG.  9   . 
     Since each of an interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  and a touch insulation layer TSL- 1  includes an inorganic material, each of an interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  and a touch insulation layer TSL- 1  has a relatively weak coupling force. Accordingly, the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  and the interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  are easily delaminated from each other. 
     In detail, a crack CRK may be generated in the touch insulation layer TSL- 1 . The crack CRK may be generated due to various reasons. While a process of compressing a driving circuit chip IC- 1  is preformed, a conductive ball  150 - 1  may apply a pressure to the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  to generate the crack CRK in the touch insulation layer TSL- 1 , for example. Also, as the flexible display panel DP (refer to  FIG.  9   ) is bent, the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  may be also bent to generate the crack therein. 
     In a circumstance having a high temperature and high moisture, as an intermediate insulation layer VLD- 1  including an organic material absorbs moisture through the crack CRK and is thermally expanded, the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  and the interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  are delaminated.  FIG.  11    shows that the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  and the interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  are delaminated by a first distance DT. 
     A fluid path PTH through which moisture may pass between the touch insulation layer TSL- 1  and the interlayer insulation film ILD- 1  may be defined, and, as the moisture moves through the fluid path PTH, pads adjacent to each other may be short-circuited. In particular, since the display panel DP has a high resolution, and thus the spaced distance between the output pads OPD becomes narrow, the output pads OPD may be short-circuited through the output pads OPD adjacent to each other. In  FIG.  10   , two adjacent output pads OPD- 1  are exemplarily short-circuited. 
     Referring to area BB in  FIG.  12   , adjacent output pads OPD are short-circuited to generate a defect having a vertical line shape. The display apparatus DM- 1  corresponding to the comparative example may have various kinds of defects according to a combination of the input and output pads IPD and OPD in addition to the defect having a vertical line shape in  FIG.  12   . 
     Referring back to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , as the groove pattern GR is defined in the touch insulation layer TSL, the display apparatus DM according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may fundamentally prevent a delamination phenomenon between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD or prevent the delamination phenomenon generated between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD from being transferred to the input pad IPD and the output pad OPD. 
     The intermediate insulation layer VLD has a thickness relatively greater than that of layers disposed therebelow except for the substrate SUB. In an exemplary embodiment, the intermediate insulation layer VLD may have a thickness equal to or greater than about 10000 angstroms (Å), and each of the barrier layer BR, the active layer ACT, the gate insulation layer GI, the gate electrode GE, the interlayer insulation film ILD, and the input and output electrodes SE and DE may have a thickness equal to or less than about 10000 Å, for example. 
     Since the intermediate insulation layer VLD has a relatively thick thickness and the touch insulation layer TSL has a relatively thin thickness, the touch insulation layer TSL overlapping the first to third inside surfaces IS 1  to IS 3  and the fourth inside surface (not shown) is relatively vulnerable to the crack. Also, the crack may be generated in the touch insulation layer TSL overlapping the driving circuit chip IC due to the pressure of the conductive ball  150  during the compression process of the driving circuit chip IC. That is, there is a high possibility that the crack is generated in the touch insulation layer TSL at a position in which the touch insulation layer TSL overlaps the intermediate insulation layer VLD. Accordingly, in an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the groove pattern GR is defined in a position overlapping the intermediate insulation layer VLD to prevent the delamination phenomenon between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD due to the crack generated in the touch insulation layer TSL from being transferred to the output pads OPD and the input pads IPD. 
     In the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as the groove pattern is defined in the touch insulation layer, the short-circuit caused by the delamination phenomenon between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD may be prevented from being generated between the output pads OPD and the input pads IPD. 
     Referring back to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , since the pads are disposed on both sides of each of the central output pads OPDC and the central input pads IPDC in the first direction DR 1 , the stress applied to the central output pads OPDC and the central input pads IPDC when the driving circuit chip IC is disposed (e.g., mounted) on the display panel DP may be distributed. However, in case of the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP, since the pads are disposed at only one side in the first direction DR 1 , a stress is concentrated thereon in comparison with the central output pads OPDC and the central input pads IPDC. 
     Since the groove pattern is vulnerable to the stress, when the crack is generated in the groove pattern, the crack may be generated over the entire display panel along the groove pattern. In particular, when the groove pattern is defined around the area in which the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP, which are area to which the stress is concentrated, are disposed, the crack may be generated along the groove pattern in the process of mounting the driving circuit chip IC to generate a defect of the display apparatus. 
     In the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as the groove pattern is defined in the touch insulation layer, the delamination limitation between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD may be solved, and, at the same time, as the groove pattern does not overlap at least a predetermined number of the outer output pads OPDP and at least a predetermined number of the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2  to allow the stress to be concentrate on the area in which outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP are disposed, the limitation in which the crack is generated in the display panel may be solved. 
       FIG.  13    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   , and  FIG.  14    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ in  FIG.  13   . 
     A display apparatus DM 1 , which will be described with reference to  FIGS.  13  and  14   , according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the substantially same components as those of the display apparatus DM, which has been described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, except for a shape of a groove pattern GR- 1 . Hereinafter, the shape of the groove pattern GR- 1  will be described in detail, and components that are not described will follow the description of  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
     The groove pattern GR- 1  may further include a fifth groove pattern GR 5 . 
     The fifth groove pattern GR 5  is disposed between the first and second groove patterns GR 1  and GR 2  and spaced apart from the first and second groove patterns GR 1  and GR 2  in the second direction DR 2 . The fifth groove pattern GR 5  exposes the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  and the interlayer insulation film ILD. That is, the touch insulation layer TSL does not overlap the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . 
     The fifth groove pattern GR 5  fundamentally prevent a crack from being generated around the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2 . 
       FIG.  15    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   . 
     A display apparatus DM 2 , which will be described with reference to  FIG.  15   , according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, includes the substantially same components as those of the display apparatus DM, which has been described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, except for an outer groove pattern PR. Hereinafter, the groove pattern PR will be described in detail, and components that are not described will follow the description of  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
     The outer groove pattern PR may be further defined in the touch insulation layer TSL (refer to  FIG.  9   ). The outer groove pattern PR may include a plurality of holes disposed in parallel in a specific direction. The plurality of holes may pass through the touch insulation layer TSL and define a groove in the interlayer insulation film ILD after passing through the touch insulation layer TSL. The plurality of holes may have the substantially the same cross-sectional shape (depth) as that of the groove pattern GR. 
     The outer groove pattern PR may include first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 1  to PR 4 . 
     The first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 1  to PR 4  may be disposed adjacent to the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4  in the first direction DR 1 , respectively. 
     Each of the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 1  to PR 4  may include a plurality of holes that area spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . The first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 1  to PR 4  may overlap the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . 
     According to the display apparatus described with reference to  FIG.  15   , as the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 1  to PR 4  are disposed in an area overlapping the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 , the delamination limitation between the touch insulation layer TSL (refer to  FIG.  9   ) and the interlayer insulation film ILD (refer to  FIG.  9   ) may be solved, and, at the same time, as the stress applied to an area, in which the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP are disposed, is distributed, the limitation of crack occurrence in the display panel may be solved. 
       FIG.  16    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   . 
     A display apparatus DM 3 , which will be described with reference to  FIG.  16   , according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, includes the substantially same components as those of the display apparatus DM, which has been described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, except for an outer groove pattern PR- 1 . Hereinafter, the groove pattern PR- 1  will be described in detail, and components that are not described will follow the description of  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
     The outer groove pattern PR- 1  may be further defined in the touch insulation layer TSL (refer to  FIG.  9   ). The outer groove pattern PR- 1  may has a shape extending in a zig-zag manner along the first direction. The outer groove pattern PR- 1  may pass through the touch insulation layer TSL and define a groove in the interlayer insulation film ILD (refer to  FIG.  9   ). The plurality of holes may have the substantially the same cross-sectional shape (depth) as that of the groove pattern GR. 
     The outer groove pattern PR- 1  may include first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14 . 
     The first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  may be disposed adjacent to the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4  in the first direction DR 1 , respectively. In  FIG.  16   , although the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  are exemplarily connected to the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4 , respectively, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  may be spaced apart from the first to fourth groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4 , respectively, in the first direction DR 1 , for example. 
     Each of the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  may have a shape in which linear patterns extending direction different from each other are connected to each other. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In an exemplary embodiment, each of the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  may have a shape in which curved patterns are connected to each other, for example. 
     According to the display apparatus DM 3  described with reference to  FIG.  16   , as the first to fourth outer groove patterns PR 11  to PR 14  are disposed in the area overlapping the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 , the delamination limitation between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD may be solved, and, at the same time, as the stress applied to the area, in which the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP are disposed, is distributed, the limitation of crack occurrence in the display panel may be solved. 
       FIG.  17    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   . 
     A display apparatus DM 4 , which will be described with reference to  FIG.  17   , according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention, includes the substantially same components as those of the display apparatus DM, which has been described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, except for an outer groove pattern PR- 2 . Hereinafter, the groove pattern PR- 2  will be described in detail, and components that are not described will follow the description of  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
     The outer groove pattern PR- 2  may be further defined in the touch insulation layer TSL (refer to  FIG.  9   ). 
     The outer groove pattern PR- 2  may include first to eighth outer groove patterns PR 21  to PR 28 . Each of the first to eighth outer groove patterns PR 21  to PR 28  may be provided in plurality. 
     The first and second outer groove patterns PR 21  to PR 22  may be disposed between the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  and the outer output pads OPDP. The first and second outer groove patterns PR 21  and PR 22  may overlap the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The first outer groove patterns PR 21  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . The second outer groove patterns PR 22  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The first and second outer groove patterns PR 21  and PR 22  may have different distances spaced from the output pads disposed in any one row in the second direction DR 2 . With reference to the output pads OPD disposed in the first row, the first outer groove patterns PR 21  may be spaced by a first distance TT 1 , and the second outer groove patterns PR 22  may be spaced by a second distance TT 2 . 
     The first outer groove patterns PR 21  may be disposed between the second outer groove patterns PR 22  in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The third and fourth outer groove patterns PR 23  and PR 24  may be disposed between the second intermediate insulation layer VLD 2  and the outer input pads IPDP. The third and fourth outer groove patterns PR 23  and PR 24  may overlap the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The third outer groove patterns PR 23  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 , and the fourth outer groove patterns PR 24  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The third and fourth outer groove patterns PR 23  and PR 24  may have different distances spaced from the output pads disposed in any one row in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The third outer groove patterns PR 23  may be disposed between the fourth outer groove patterns PR 24  in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The fifth and sixth outer groove patterns PR 25  and PR 26  may be disposed between the outer output pads OPDP and the first inside surface IS 1  of the first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1 . The fifth and sixth outer groove patterns PR 25  and PR 26  may overlap the outer output pads OPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The fifth outer groove patterns PR 25  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 , and the sixth outer groove patterns PR 26  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The fifth and sixth outer groove patterns PR 25  and PR 26  may have different distances spaced from the output pads disposed in any one row in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The fifth outer groove patterns PR 25  may be between the sixth outer groove patterns PR 26  in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The seventh and eighth outer groove patterns PR 27  and PR 28  may be disposed between the outer input pads IPDP and the second inside surface IS 2  of the first intermediate insulation layer VLD 1 . The seventh and eighth outer groove patterns PR 27  and PR 28  may overlap the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . The seventh outer groove patterns PR 27  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 , and the eighth outer groove patterns PR 28  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The seventh and eighth outer groove patterns PR 27  and PR 28  may have different distances spaced from the output pads disposed in any one row in the second direction DR 2 . The seventh outer groove patterns PR 27  may be disposed between the eighth outer groove patterns PR 28  in the first direction DR 1 . 
     According to the display apparatus DM 4  described with reference to  FIG.  17   , as the first to eighth outer groove patterns PR 21  to PR 28  are disposed in the area overlapping the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 , the delamination limitation between the touch insulation layer TSL and the interlayer insulation film ILD may be solved, and, at the same time, as the stress applied to the area, in which the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP are disposed, is distributed, the limitation of crack occurrence in the display panel may be solved. 
       FIG.  18    is a view illustrating a shape of a groove pattern according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention in an enlarged plan view of the area AA in  FIG.  1   , and  FIG.  19    is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II′ in  FIG.  18   . 
     A display apparatus DM 5 , which will be described with reference to  FIGS.  18  and  19   , according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention includes the substantially same components as those of the display apparatus DM, which has been described with reference to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, except for a shape of a groove pattern GR- 2  and a compensation pattern CP. Hereinafter, the shape of the groove pattern GR- 2  and the compensation pattern CP will be described in detail, and components that are not described will follow the description of  FIGS.  8  and  9   . 
     The groove pattern GR- 2  may include first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14 . Each of the first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14  in  FIG.  18    may have a shape in which each of the groove patterns GR 1  to GR 4  in  FIG.  8    further extends. 
     In detail, each of the first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14  may extend to the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the first direction DR 1  and overlap the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The display panel DP- 1  may further include the compensation pattern CP. The compensation pattern CP may be disposed on the touch insulation layer TSL. 
     The compensation pattern CP may include first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4 . 
     The first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4  may overlap the first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14 , respectively. The first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4  may prevent the interlayer insulation film ILD from being exposed by the first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14 , respectively. 
     The first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4  may overlap the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2 . 
     Each of the first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4  may include the same material as that of the touch insulation layer TSL. 
     Partial areas of the first to fourth groove patterns GR 11  to GR 14  overlapping the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2  are covered by the first to fourth compensation patterns CP 1  to CP 4 , respectively. Thus, in the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, as the compensation pattern overlapping the groove patterns in the area overlapping the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP in the second direction DR 2  are defined, the limitation, in which the crack is generated in the display panel because the stress is concentrated on the area in which the outer output pads OPDP and the outer input pads IPDP are disposed, may be solved. 
     In the display apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, the short-circuit between the output pads and the input pads caused by the delamination phenomenon between the touch insulation layer and the interlayer insulation film is prevented by defining the groove pattern in the touch insulation layer. 
     In the display apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, since the groove pattern is not extended to the pads disposed at the outer portion of the display panel, the crack generated due to the stress concentrated around the pads disposed at the outer portion of the display panel when the driving circuit chip is disposed (e.g., mounted) on the display panel may be prevented from being generated in the display panel. 
     Although the exemplary embodiments of the invention have been described, it is understood that the invention should not be limited to these exemplary embodiments but various changes and modifications may be made by one ordinary skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. 
     Hence, the real protective scope of the invention shall be determined by the technical scope of the accompanying claims.