Patent Publication Number: US-8542444-B2

Title: Image pickup optical system for capsule endoscope

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a National Stage of International Application No. PCT/JP2010/055140, filed on Mar. 24, 2010, which claims priority from Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2009-071918, filed on Mar. 24, 2009, and 2009-074546, filed Mar. 25, 2009, the contents of all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an image pickup optical system for use in a capsule endoscope which is used in a manner that a patient swallows it. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Recently, in a medical field, diagnosis has been conducted by means of an insertion-type endoscope having a long insertion portion provided with an imaging device at its front end, and a capsule endoscope in which an imaging device is accommodated in a capsule. The capsule endoscope is formed so as to have a size swallowable for a subject under inspection. Therefore, the capsule endoscope has an advantage in that it can remove not only the load on a patient at the time of swallowing the insertion portion of the insertion-type endoscope but also the load on a patient while the insertion portion of the insertion-type endoscope is kept being inserted in a body cavity of the patient for many hours. 
     The capsule endoscope is provided with a dome-shaped transparent cover at its front end so as to readily advance along a tubular channel after being swallowed into the body cavity, and a cylindrical capsule main body is connected to the transparent cover. An optical axis of an image pickup optical system is generally designed to pass through a center of the transparent cover. Accordingly, the image pickup optical system receives not only light flux near the optical axis but also light flux made incident thereon with a large incident angle through a peripheral portion of the transparent cover. Further, an object distance tends to be longer on the optical axis, and tends to be shorter as an angle of view in imaging becomes wider. Therefore, in the general image pickup optical system in which an image of a planar object is formed on a planar image pickup surface vertical to the optical axis, a range in which preferable image-forming can be achieved is extremely limited. 
     Under the circumstances described above, an image pickup optical system having a wide angle of view is known as is disclosed in Patent Document 1. However, if a peripheral portion of the object is made to be in focus in the optical design, a central portion of the object falls outside of the depth of field to be out of focus. In contrast, if the central portion of the object is made to be in focus excessively, the peripheral portion of the object falls outside of the depth of field to be out of focus. As the countermeasure of such a problem, according to an image pickup optical system disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the image surface is made to coincide with the neighborhood of the image pickup surface in the center of a screen at the maximum angle of view, such that the entire object including not only its central portion but also its peripheral portion falls within the depth of field. 
     PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS 
     Patent Documents 
     Patent Document 1: JP 2006-61438 A 
     Patent Document 2: JP 4128504 B 
     Patent Document 3: JP 4128505 B 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Problems to be Solved by the Invention 
     Not only light flux from an optical axis and its periphery, but also light flux made incident on the optical axis with a large incident angle through the periphery of a transparent cover contains much useful information for diagnosis in the capsule endoscope, and therefore an image pickup optical system is required to have a wide angle of view. With regard to this point, according to the image pickup optical system disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3, although the relation between the angle of view and the object distance which is required for the capsule endoscope is optimized, the angle of view is 113.6° at most. The angle of view of 113.6° is at an insufficient level. Further, in the above Patent Documents, although the optical system adopting a front aperture stop has an advantage in suppressing an outer diameter of the lens at an object side to small, it has a disadvantage as follows. In the optical system adopting the front aperture stop, the thickness of the aperture stop causes vignetting in the light beam, or a radius of curvature of a lens surface just behind the aperture stop is large, thus leading to large loss of light amount when the angle of view becomes wider. 
     In order to focus the object having a concave surface toward the image pickup optical system on a plane image pickup surface vertical to the optical axis, it is sufficient to generate negative curvature of field in the optical system. Further, in order to control the curvature of field as described above, it is sufficient to increase Petzval sum by the third aberration coefficient at a positive value. In order to generate negative curvature of field in the optical system, it is general that low refractive-index material is used for the positive lens and high refractive-index material is used for the negative lens in the optical system. However, when it is taken into consideration that a plastic lens is used for the image pickup optical system of the capsule endoscope which is to be used only once basically for the purpose of achieving low cost, it becomes hard to obtain the high refractive-index material, and adjustment of the Petzval sum becomes difficult. Note that, it is also possible to give flexibility to the adjustment of the Petzval sum by increasing the number of the lenses, however, in such a case, the total length of the optical system becomes long and the capsule inevitably becomes long and large. Accordingly, it is difficult to adopt the above countermeasure to the capsule endoscope which is used in a manner that a patient swallows it. 
     Means for Solving the Problems 
     In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup optical system for use in a capsule endoscope capable of widening an angle of view and making the image surface coincide with the neighborhood of the image pickup surface vertical to an optical axis over the whole angle of view, such that the almost whole object which is curved so as to be concave toward the image pickup optical system is within the depth of field. 
     In order to achieve the above object, an image pickup optical system of the present invention is configured to satisfy a condition expressed by −5.0≦ΔZr/ΔZp≦5.0 when the image pickup optical system is disposed in front of an object in the shape of concave curved surface and the image capturing is performed. Note that, ΔZr denotes a difference between a position of a real image surface with respect to light flux of a maximum angle of view 2ωmax and a position of the real image surface with respect to light flux of a half angle of view ωmax. Δ Zp denotes a difference between a paraxial image forming position of a virtual object plane surface passing through an intersection point of the object and principal rays of 2ωmax and being vertical to an optical axis and that of a virtual object plane surface passing through an intersection point of the object and principal rays of ωmax and being vertical to the optical axis. The above condition is preferably suitable for an optical system in which the maximum angle of view 2ωmax is set to at least 135°. In the case where the maximum angle of view 2ωmax of the optical system is set to 120°, the upper limit and the lower limit of the above condition preferably satisfies −0.5≦ΔZr/ΔZp≦0.5. 
     The reason why the condition for the value of ΔZr/ΔZp changes is as follows. The depth of field of the image pickup optical system is generally defined by a diameter of circle of confusion. However, practically, as the distance toward the object becomes longer, the image of the object becomes smaller on the image surface, and therefore high resolving power is required, and in contrast, as the distance toward the object becomes shorter, magnification of image is increased, and therefore the required resolving power is not so high as that for the long-distance object. The image pickup optical system of the present invention is configured in consideration of the type of usage specific to the capsule endoscope in which as the distance toward the object becomes shorter, the incident angle of the light beam becomes larger, and as the distance toward the object becomes longer, the incident angle of the light beam becomes smaller. Accordingly, as the imaging angle of view becomes narrower, the number of long-distance objects on an imaging screen is increased, and high resolving power is required. Therefore, it is necessary to narrow the condition of the ΔZr/ΔZp. 
     It is possible to widen the angle of view of the optical system by increasing distortion toward the minus side. However, in such a case, when the short-distance object in the peripheral portion of the image is desired to be captured successfully as in the case of the present invention, the distortion makes the image distorted largely, and thus magnification of image is decreased. Therefore, it becomes difficult to sufficiently improve image forming properties with respect to the light flux from the short-distance object with a large incident angle. In this regard, in the image pickup optical system of the present invention, the relation expressed by 0.7&lt;(Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is satisfied, in which Y(Δω) denotes an image height at an arbitrary angle of view ω, and Δω denotes an amount of slight change in the arbitrary angle of view ω. Accordingly, it is also possible to prevent the images from being distorted by the distortion to a level causing no problem in practical use, thus exhibiting preferable image forming properties. 
     In order to achieve curvature of field specific to the image pickup optical system of the present invention, a negative lens which is convex toward the object is preferably disposed at a position nearest to the object. Further, it is advantageous that at least a surface of the negative lens at a side near to the object is aspherical as well as at least one of surfaces of the positive lens disposed at a position nearest to an image surface is aspherical, in view of cost and shortening of the total length of the optical system. Note that, the convex surface of the negative lens at the side nearer to the object does not always have to be a convex surface whose top is protruded most, and may be an aspheric surface in which the paraxial area is concave and the outer peripheral area is curved so as to approach the image surface, for example. 
     Since such a negative lens is used at the position nearest to the object, the light beams made incident with a large angle from the periphery are emitted with a small angle with respect to the optical axis due to the initial negative power, and the incident angle with respect to the aperture stop becomes smaller. Accordingly, loss of light amount due to the thickness of the aperture stop can be decreased in comparison with the optical system having a front aperture stop. At the back of the negative lens is disposed the positive lens group constituted of a plurality of lenses and having a positive power as a whole. If the lens at the position nearest to the object and the lens at the position nearest to the image surface in the positive lens group are positive lenses so as to distribute the positive power, the curvature of field can be readily adjusted while the aberration occurred in the negative lens is corrected. 
     Effect of the Invention 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to widen the angle of view and make the image surface coincide with the neighborhood of the image pickup surface vertical to the optical axis over the whole angle of view such that the entire object is within the depth of field. Thus, a brilliant image of a lesion which is not out of focus can be obtained, wherever the lesion exists in the object. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a cross sectional view of a capsule endoscope of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a cross sectional view of the capsule endoscope of  FIG. 1  rotated by 90° along an optical axis. 
         FIG. 3  is a plane view of four LEDs disposed in a capsule. 
         FIG. 4  is an explanatory view about mathematical expression 1. 
         FIG. 5A  is an explanatory view of concentric circles provided to a concave hemispherical surface as an object, and 
         FIGS. 5B to 5E  are explanatory views of images obtained by capturing the concentric circles of  FIG. 5A . 
         FIG. 6  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 9  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 10  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a third embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 13  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the third embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 16  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 17  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the fourth embodiment. 
         FIG. 18  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 19  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the fifth embodiment. 
         FIG. 20  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the fifth embodiment. 
         FIG. 21  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 22  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the sixth embodiment. 
         FIG. 23  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the sixth embodiment. 
         FIG. 24  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 25  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the seventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 26  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the seventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 27  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 28  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the eighth embodiment. 
         FIG. 29  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the eighth embodiment. 
         FIG. 30  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 31  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the ninth embodiment. 
         FIG. 32  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the ninth embodiment. 
         FIG. 33  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention: 
         FIG. 34  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 35  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the tenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 36  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 37  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the eleventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 38  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the eleventh embodiment. 
         FIG. 39  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 40  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the twelfth embodiment. 
         FIG. 41  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the twelfth embodiment. 
         FIG. 42  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 43  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the thirteenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 44  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the thirteenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 45  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 46  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the fourteenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 47  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the fourteenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 48  is a lens configuration diagram of an image pickup optical system according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 49  is an aberration diagram of the image pickup optical system according to the fifteenth embodiment. 
         FIG. 50  is a graph showing distortion of the image pickup optical system according to the fifteenth embodiment. 
     
    
    
     MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  shows only a front part of a capsule endoscope  10 . The capsule endoscope  10  is in the form of capsule having a size of around ten millimeters in diameter and around twenty millimeters in length, such that a subject under inspection easily swallows it. The capsule endoscope  10  captures images of interior of the stomach, intestine, and the like at a fixed time interval from the time when the capsule endoscope  10  is swallowed by the subject under inspection to the time when the capsule endoscope  10  is discharged outside the body of the subject. An image pickup optical system of the present invention installed into the capsule endoscope  10  has a function of successfully forming an image of an object  12  on a plane vertical to an optical axis, on the assumption that the object  12  is in the shape of concave hemisphere surface. Note that, the object  12  does not always have to be in the shape of complete concave hemisphere surface, and may be another concave curved surface. 
       FIG. 2  shows the capsule endoscope  10  rotated by 90° about a central axis thereof. In  FIGS. 1 and 2 , an outer package of the capsule endoscope  10  is a capsule  13 . An opaque capsule main body  22  of the capsule  13  has a closed rear end and a front end provided with a dome-shaped transparent cover  23 . The capsule  13  contains an area-type image pickup device  14  whose front surface is provided with a cover glass  21 , first to fourth LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes)  15  to  18  as illumination sources, and an image pickup optical system  20 . Further, the capsule  13  contains a battery for driving the image pickup device  14 , and an antenna for transmitting image signals obtained by the image pickup device  14  to a receiver attached to the periphery of the subject under inspection (both of them being omitted in the drawing). The image pickup optical system  20  forms an image of object light received through the powerless transparent cover  23  on an image pickup surface of the image pickup device  14 . 
       FIG. 3  shows the capsule endoscope  10  as seen from its front through the transparent cover  23 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , the first to fourth LEDs  15  to  18  are disposed around the image pickup optical system  20  so as to be apart from each other with a pitch of about 90°. The second and fourth LEDs  16  and  18  are shifted toward the image pickup device  14  in a direction of an optical axis XP of the image pickup optical system  20  in comparison with the first and third LEDs  15  and  17 . The first and third LEDs  15  and  17  are disposed such that an illumination optical axis X 1  of the first LED  15  and an illumination optical axis X 3  of the third LED  17  are parallel to the optical axis XP of the image pickup optical system  20 , respectively. The first and third LEDs  15  and  17  illuminate mainly a central portion of the object  12  including its center portion and peripheral portion. Further, the second and fourth LEDs  16  and  18  are disposed such that an illumination optical axis X 2  of the second LED  16  and an illumination optical axis X 4  of the fourth LED  18  are inclined by a certain angle with respect to the optical axis XP of the image pickup optical system  20 . The second and fourth LEDs  16  and  18  illuminate mainly a peripheral portion of the object  12  extending from the central portion of the object  12  to the edges thereof. Accordingly, it is possible to apply illumination light uniformly toward almost allover the object  12  which is in the shape of concave hemisphere surface. Additionally, even if each of the LEDs  15  to  18  applies illumination light toward the object  12  in the capsule  13 , flare does not appear. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the image pickup optical system  20  consists of a first lens L 1 , an aperture stop S 6 , a second lens L 2 , a third lens L 3 , a fourth lens L 4 , and a fifth lens L 5 , which are disposed in this order from the side of the object  12 . Note that, in  FIG. 4 , in order to avoid complexity of the drawing, the LEDs  15  to  18  are omitted, and a front surface of the transparent cover  23  is shown by a chain double-dashed line. The image pickup optical system  20  has negative curvature of field, and a function of successfully forming an image of the concave object  12  on an image pickup surface vertical to the optical axis XP. For the purpose of achieving such image forming properties, in the image pickup optical system  20 , the first lens L 1  is basically a negative lens which is convex toward the object  12 , and preferably at least a surface of the first lens L 1  facing the object  12  is designed to be aspherical. Further, any one of surfaces of the fifth lens L 5  is designed to be aspherical, too. 
     As the difference between the position of a real image surface on the optical axis XP with respect to light flux of a maximum angle of view (2ωmax) and that with respect to light flux of a maximum half angle of view (ωmax) is smaller, the image forming properties are regard to be more preferable. A virtual plane  24  is configured to pass through an intersection point P 1  of the object  12  and principal rays with the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) and to be vertical to the optical axis XP. A virtual plane  25  is configured to pass through an intersection point P 2  of the object  12  and principal rays with the maximum half angle of view (ωmax) and to be vertical to the optical axis XP. As the difference between one of paraxial image forming positions  26  and  27  of the virtual plane  24  and the other of paraxial image forming positions  26  and  27  of the virtual plane  25  is smaller, the image forming properties are regard to be more preferable. In particular, when the maximum angle of view (2 ωmax) of the image pickup optical system  20  is at least 120°, the image pickup optical system  20  is designed such that the following mathematical expression 1 is satisfied. 
                     -   0.5     ≤       Δ   ⁢           ⁢     Z   r         Δ   ⁢           ⁢     Z   p         ≤   0.5           [     Mathematical   ⁢           ⁢   Expression   ⁢           ⁢   1     ]               
In the mathematical expression 1, when the maximum angle of view of the image pickup optical system  20  is denoted by 2ωmax and the maximum half angle of view thereof is denoted by ωmax, ΔZr and ΔZp denote as follows.
     ΔZr: Difference between the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax and that with respect to the light flux of ωmax.   ΔZp: Difference between the paraxial image surface position of the virtual object plane surface  24  and that of the virtual object plane surface  25 , in which the virtual object plane surface  24  passes through the intersection point P 1  of the object  12  and principal rays of 2ωmax and is vertical to the optical axis XP, and virtual object plane surface  25  passes through the intersection point P 2  of the object  12  and principal rays of ωmax and is vertical to the optical axis XP.   

     When the image pickup optical system  20  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 1, the curvature of field can be sufficiently corrected, and the whole object  12  including the central portion of the concave hemisphere surface and the peripheral portion thereof is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  20 . Thereby, since it is possible to obtain brilliant images in which both the central portion of the image and the peripheral portion thereof are in focus, even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     When ΔZr/ΔZp is less than −0.5, due to the effect by the curvature of field of the image pickup optical system  20 , the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object  12  in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax. In contrast, when ΔZr/ΔZp is more than 0.5, due to the effect by the object  12  being in the shape of concave curved surface, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward an opposite side of the object  12  in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax. In any cases, the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax and that with respect to the light flux of ωmax are significantly deviated in the direction of the optical axis XP, and therefore it becomes impossible to successfully form images of both of the real image surfaces on the image pickup surface vertical to the optical axis XP. Accordingly, in the image pickup optical system  20  in which the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 120°, it is preferable to satisfy the condition expressed by ABS (ΔZr/ΔZp)≦0.5. Note that, ABS represents the absolute value of the value in brackets. 
     When the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) of the image pickup optical system  20  is further widen so as to be at least 135°, the value of ABS (ΔZr/ΔZp) can be liberalized and may be set within the range satisfying the following mathematical expression 2. 
                     -   5.0     ≤       Δ   ⁢           ⁢     Z   r         Δ   ⁢           ⁢     Z   p         ≤   5.0           [     Mathematical   ⁢           ⁢   Expression   ⁢           ⁢   2     ]               
Note that, what the ΔZr represents and what the ΔZp represents in the mathematical expression 2 are common to those in the mathematical expression 1 described above. In the case where ΔZr/ΔZp is less than −5.0 as a lower limit in the mathematical expression 2, there is exhibited the tendency common to that in the case where ΔZr/ΔZp is less than −0.5 as the lower limit in the mathematical expression 1. In the case where ΔZr/Δ Zp is more than 5.0 as an upper limit in the mathematical expression 2, there is exhibited the tendency common to that in the case where ΔZr/Δ Zp is more than the upper limit in the mathematical expression 1. Accordingly, in the image pickup optical system  20  in which the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 135°, it is preferable to satisfy the condition expressed by ABS (ΔZr/ΔZp)≦5.0.
 
     Moreover, either when the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 120° or when the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 135°, the image pickup optical system  20  is configured to satisfy the following mathematical expression 3 in which an image height when the angle of view is (ω) is denoted by Y(ω). Note that, the following mathematical expression 3 may be satisfied under the condition that the angle of view is at most 45°. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
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     “Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω)” in the mathematical expression 3 represents the difference between the image height Y(ω+Δω) when the angle of view slightly changes from ω to Δω (namely, when the angle of view is (ω+Δω)), and the image height Y(ω) when the angle of view is ω. “Y(Δω)” in the mathematical expression 3 represents the difference Y(0+Δω)−Y(0) between the image height Y(Δω) when the angle of view slightly changes from 0° to Δω (namely, when the angle of view is Δω), and the image height Y(0) when the angle of view is 0°. In view of Y(0)=0, it is concluded that Y(0+Δω)−Y(0)=Y(Δω). Accordingly, “(Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω)” in the mathematical expression 3 represents how much distortion is generated in the peripheral portion of the image in comparison with the central portion thereof. 
     Here, (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) denotes distortion index Q, and the image pickup optical system  20  is designed such that the value of distortion index Q becomes “1.0”, “0.7”, “0.5”, and “0.3”, respectively. Then, the degree of distortion generated in the image obtained by each of the image pickup optical systems is evaluated. With regard to the evaluation, as shown in  FIG. 5A , a plurality of circles (concentric circles)  30   a  to  30   e  each having a radius of “r”, “2r”, “3r”, “4r”, and “5r” are set on the object  12  such that the center of each of the circles is on the optical axis XP. The concentric circles are respectively captured by each of the image pickup optical system  20 . Then, the degree of distortion in the peripheral portion of the image is evaluated based on how the distance between the concentric circles changes in the peripheral portion of the image obtained by the image capturing. 
       FIG. 5B  shows the image captured by the image pickup optical system  20  designed so as to satisfy Q=1.0. As shown by the image, the distance between the circles on the image is denoted by a distance r, as in the case of the distance between the plurality of circles  30   a  to  30   e  set on the object  12 . In this way, when the distance between the circles in the central portion of the image is the same as the distance between the circles in the peripheral portion of the image, it is concluded that the distortion does not occur in the peripheral portion of the image. Accordingly, if the body cavity of the subject under inspection is captured by using the capsule endoscope  10  incorporating the above image pickup optical system  20 , the distortion hardly occur in the peripheral portion of the image, and therefore it becomes easy to recognize the lesion. 
       FIG. 5C  shows the image captured by the image pickup optical system  20  designed so as to satisfy Q=0.7. As shown by the image, the distance between the circles in the central portion of the image is slightly larger than the radius r, and the distance between the circles in the peripheral portion of the image is slightly smaller than the radius r. However, the difference therebetween is negligible, and therefore large distortion is not observed in the central portion and the peripheral portion of the image. Accordingly, the image pickup optical system  20  designed so as to satisfy Q=0.7 is considered to be within the satisfactory level in practical use in the image diagnosis. 
       FIG. 5D  shows the image captured by the image pickup optical system  20  designed so as to satisfy Q=0.5. It can be easily acknowledged from the image that the distance between the circles is large in the central portion of the image, and the distance between the circles is small in the peripheral portion of the image. This tendency is a general feature exhibited in the image pickup optical system having a wide angle of view. However, when distortion of such an extent appears in the image, the image is not suitable for medical diagnosis. There arises a possibility of the lesion being overlooked in the peripheral portion of the image, in particular. Moreover,  FIG. 5E  shows the image captured by the image pickup optical system designed so as to satisfy Q=0.3. It can be prominently acknowledged from the image that the distance between the circles is large in the central portion of the image, and the distance between the circles is small in the peripheral portion of the image. Accordingly, it is clear that the image pickup optical system designed so as to satisfy Q=0.3 is not suitable for medical diagnosis and is not practical. 
     In view of the above, either when the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 120° or when the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) is at least 135°, as far as the image pickup optical system is designed such that the value of distortion index Q, namely, the value of (Y(+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7, it is possible to suppress the distortion in the peripheral portion of the image to a level sufficient for practical use. In the case where the distortion is suppressed in this way, it is possible to surely prevent the lesion from being overlooked even in the peripheral portion of the image, and it becomes possible to increase reliability of image diagnosis. Note that, the value of distortion index Q is preferably more than 0.7 and less than 1.3, and more preferably in the range of more than 0.8 to less than 1.2. 
     Further, when the image pickup optical system  20  consists of five lenses, namely, the first to fifth lenses, the whole object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  20 . Accordingly, a brilliant image in which both of the central portion and the peripheral portion are in focus can be obtained, and distortion in the peripheral portion of the image is at a negligible level. Note that the image pickup optical system  20  is not limited to the configuration composed of five lenses, and may be composed of four lenses, namely, the first to fourth lenses. In the case where the image pickup optical system  20  is composed of four lenses, almost the same effect as that obtained by the image pickup optical system  20  composed of five lenses can be obtained. Furthermore, the image pickup optical system of the present invention can be applied to the image pickup optical system for the capsule endoscope which is swallowed into the body cavity such that the position and the posture thereof in the body cavity at the time of image capturing can be controlled in accordance with control signals received from the outside. 
     Embodiment 
     Hereinafter, the present invention is further described in detail by showing concrete numerical values in the following Embodiments 1 to 15 and Comparative Embodiments 1 to 6 as to the image pickup optical system mounted to the capsule endoscope. 
     [Embodiment 1] 
     As shown in  FIG. 6 , the image pickup optical system  20  of Embodiment 1 includes five lenses, namely, the first to fifth lenses L 1  to L 5 , and the aperture stop S 6 . In the capsule  13 , the first lens L 1 , the aperture stop S 6 , the second lens L 2 , the third lens L 3 , the fourth lens L 4 , and the fifth lens L 5  are disposed in this order from the side of the object  12  in the shape of concave hemisphere surface. The third lens L 3  and the fourth lens L 4  constitute a laminated lens. 
     The surface of the object  12  is assigned with a number S 1 , and the surface of each of the components including the transparent cover  23  in the image pickup optical system  20  is assigned with a surface number Si sequentially toward the image surface. Specifically, the front surface of the transparent cover  23  is assigned with S 2 , and the rear surface thereof is assigned with S 3 . Subsequently, the surface number Si is assigned in order to the front and rear surfaces of each of the first to fifth lenses L 1  to L 5 , and the rear surface of the cover glass  21  is assigned with a surface number S 15 . Note that, a joint surface S 10  is common to the rear surface of the third lens L 3  and the front surface of the fourth lens L 4 . The rear surface S 15  of the cover glass  21  corresponds to the image pickup surface of the image pickup device  14 . Additionally, the distance between the surface Si and the surface S(i+1) (surface separation) along the optical axis of the image pickup optical system  20  is denoted by Di. Specifically, the surface separation between the surface S 1  and the surface S 2  is denoted by D 1 , and the surface separation between the surface S 2  and the surface S 3  is denoted by D 2 . Similarly, the surface separation between the surface S 14  and the surface S 15  is denoted by D 14 . 
     The image pickup optical system  20  is designed based on lens data shown in the following Table 1. 
                     TABLE 1                  f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 120°                                     RADIUS OF   SURFACE               SURFACE   CURVATURE   SEPARATION   N d     ν d                                           OBJ   37.3880   24.3625                2   13.0255   1.9297   1.57500   32.2        3   11.0958   9.8032        4*   4.5962   1.2061   1.53039   55.2        5*   0.7626   1.8407       APERTURE STOP   ∞   0.6628        7*   29.9508   1.9689   1.53039   55.2        8*   −2.0294   0.2413        9   −29.3124   0.7236   1.92286   18.9       10   4.8243   3.7077   1.72916   54.7       11   −5.0041   0.2412       12*   4.2899   2.4120   1.53039   55.2       13*   −2.6662   0.4704       14   ∞   1.3146   1.55920   53.9       15   ∞   0.0000       IMG   ∞                    
In Table 1, “OBJ” represents the object  12  in the shape of concave hemisphere surface, “APERTURE STOP” represents the aperture stop S 6 , “IMG” represents the image pickup surface of the image pickup device  14 , “RADIUS OF CURVATURE” represents the radius of curvature (mm) of each of the surfaces Si, “SURFACE SEPARATION” represents each surface separation Di (mm) between the surfaces Si and S(i+1), “Nd” represents refractive index for d line having a wavelength of 587.6 nm, “ν d ” represents Abbe&#39;s number, “f” represents the focal length of the whole image pickup optical system  20 , “Fno” represents F value F of the image pickup optical system  20 , and “2ωmax” represents the maximum angle of view.
 
     Moreover, as shown by “*” in the column of the surface number in Table 1, the both surfaces S 4  and S 5  of the first lens, the both surfaces S 7  and S 8  of the second lens, and the both surfaces S 12  and S 13  of the fifth lens are aspherical. The aspherical shape is numerically expressed by the following mathematical expression 4 with use of the curvature (the reciprocal of radius of paraxial curvature R) c, the conic constant K, the distance from the optical axis ρ(ρ 2 =x 2 +y 2 ), and the aspherical degree of ith number. The conic constant K and the aspherical constant Ai of the surfaces S 4 , S 5 , S 7 , S 8 , S 12 , and S 13  are shown in Table 2. Note that, in Embodiments 2 to 15 which will be described later, the notation of the lens data and the mathematical expression 4 for determining the aspherical shape are commonly used. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   z 
                   = 
                   
                     
                       
                         c 
                         ⁢ 
                         
                             
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           ρ 
                           2 
                         
                       
                       
                         1 
                         + 
                         
                           
                             1 
                             - 
                             
                               
                                 ( 
                                 
                                   K 
                                   + 
                                   1 
                                 
                                 ) 
                               
                               ⁢ 
                               
                                 c 
                                 2 
                               
                               ⁢ 
                               
                                 ρ 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                           
                         
                       
                     
                     + 
                     
                       
                         ∑ 
                         i 
                       
                       ⁢ 
                       
                         
                           A 
                           i 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           
                             ρ 
                             i 
                           
                           ⁢ 
                           
                             
 
                           
                           ⁢ 
                           
                               
                           
                           ( 
                           
                             
                               ρ 
                               2 
                             
                             = 
                             
                               
                                 x 
                                 2 
                               
                               + 
                               
                                 y 
                                 2 
                               
                             
                           
                           ) 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   [ 
                   
                     Mathematical 
                     ⁢ 
                     
                         
                     
                     ⁢ 
                     Expression 
                     ⁢ 
                     
                         
                     
                     ⁢ 
                     4 
                   
                   ] 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.1911E−02 
                 −1.3237E−02 
                 2.6667E−03 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −7.2213E−01 
                 1.0601E+00 
                 −3.2718E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.5178E−03 
                 −6.7047E−05 
                 −5.3129E−02 
               
               
                 8 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.8364E−03 
                 1.5483E−02 
                 −1.0465E−02 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.5805E−02 
                 4.6875E−02 
                 −1.4934E−02 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0000 
                 7.1495E−02 
                 1.7164E−03 
                 −8.3989E−04 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.0090E−03 
                 1.6604E−04 
                 −4.8482E−06 
                 −1.4417E−05 
               
               
                 5 
                 −4.1593E−01 
                 −3.5206E−02 
                 2.3279E−01 
                 1.6234E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 6.9474E−03 
                 3.5489E−02 
                 −8.0267E−05 
                 −1.2559E−02 
               
               
                 8 
                 1.2919E−03 
                 −7.6095E−03 
                 2.6037E−03 
                 1.1487E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −8.0459E−04 
                 7.4194E−04 
                 1.4060E−04 
                 −9.2904E−06 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0037E−03 
                 −4.0258E−04 
                 −9.5516E−05 
                 1.9474E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −5.8184E−06 
                 −1.5724E−06 
                 −1.6519E−07 
                 7.8017E−08 
               
               
                 5 
                 −5.0788E−02 
                 −1.4257E−01 
                 5.1202E−02 
                 1.3674E−02 
               
               
                 7 
                 −8.5493E−03 
                 5.9519E−04 
                 1.6546E−02 
                 −1.0997E−02 
               
               
                 8 
                 8.7078E−04 
                 2.4020E−05 
                 −8.3396E−04 
                 −1.2885E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −9.8806E−06 
                 −3.2675E−06 
                 −7.1004E−07 
                 −3.9997E−08 
               
               
                 13 
                 3.7285E−05 
                 6.2802E−07 
                 3.3755E−07 
                 −1.8678E−07 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 5.7448E−08 
                 1.9743E−08 
                 1.3443E−09 
                 −2.2787E−09 
               
               
                 5 
                 −5.5570E−03 
                 −5.0334E−05 
                 1.6869E−17 
                 6.9935E−19 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.7577E−03 
                 1.2639E−04 
                 −1.4320E−07 
                 4.9356E−09 
               
               
                 8 
                 2.9420E−04 
                 −2.4577E−05 
                 −1.2654E−05 
                 −1.4738E−07 
               
               
                 12 
                 3.3395E−08 
                 2.5653E−08 
                 1.1006E−08 
                 3.1808E−09 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.3249E−07 
                 −4.0694E−08 
                 −8.1148E−09 
                 1.3025E−09 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −4.9358E−10 
                 1.4347E−10 
                 1.6018E−13 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 −9.2841E−17 
                 −5.1143E−16 
                 −2.1203E−17 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 3.4281E−17 
                 9.1722E−19 
                 3.8025E−20 
               
               
                   
                  8 
                 4.9787E−10 
                 1.2020E−21 
                 5.8918E−20 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 −4.5905E−10 
                 −3.1571E−10 
                 −1.5121E−11 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 2.9595E−09 
                 −1.6047E−10 
                 −9.2263E−11 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 7  shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification when the object  12  is focused on the image pickup surface through the transparent cover  23 , and the cover glass  21  disposed in front of the image pickup device, in the image pickup optical system  20 . As to the spherical aberration, d line having a wavelength of 587.6 nm is shown by a solid line, F line having a wavelength of 486.13 nm is shown by a first broken line, and C line having a wavelength of 656.27 nm is shown by a second broken line which is less minute than the first broken line. Further, astigmatism in the sagittal direction is shown by a solid line, and astigmatism in the tangential direction is shown by a first broken line. Furthermore, as to the chromatic aberration of magnification, F line is shown by the first broken line, and C line is shown by the second broken line which is less minute than the first broken line. Note that, also in Embodiments 2 to 15 which will be described later, it is common that the object  12  is focused on the image pickup surface through the transparent cover  23  and the cover glass  21 , and that the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification at the time of the focusing are described in the similar manner as that in Embodiment 1. 
     In the image pickup optical system  20  in Embodiment 1, ΔZr is −0.001 and ΔZp is 0.020. Accordingly, in the image pickup optical system  20  in which the maximum angle of view 2ωmax is 120°, ΔZr/ΔZp is within the range of not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1, and therefore the curvature of field is sufficiently corrected, and the whole object  12  including the central portion and the peripheral portion thereof is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  20 . Thereby, a brilliant image in which both the central portion of the image and the peripheral portion thereof are in focus is obtained, and even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     As shown in  FIG. 8 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7 in the entire range of the half angle of view ω. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  20  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and can suppress generation of distortion in the peripheral portion of the image. Accordingly, even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion is not so distorted as to be overlooked, and therefore the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     [Embodiment 2] 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , an image pickup optical system  30  of Embodiment 2 includes four lenses, namely, the first to fourth lenses L 1  to L 4 , and an aperture stop S 8 . In the capsule  13 , the first lens L 1 , the second lens L 2 , the aperture stop S 8 , the third lens L 3 , and the fourth lens L 4  are disposed in this order from the side of the object  12  in the shape of concave hemisphere surface. The image pickup optical system  30  is designed based on lens data shown in the following Table 3. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 2.0 2ωmax = 130° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 39.5606 
                 25.7782 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 13.7824 
                 2.0418 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 11.7406 
                 12.1829 
               
               
                  4* 
                 5.0795 
                 0.7657 
                 1.59988 
                 61.1 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.6044 
                 3.4900 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −3.3222 
                 2.4804 
                 1.62959 
                 35.4 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −2.7823 
                 1.8455 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.3889 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9* 
                 5.1694 
                 1.4993 
                 1.49231 
                 65.3 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −4.1621 
                 0.9778 
               
               
                 11* 
                 5.9761 
                 0.9368 
                 1.62896 
                 60.0 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −3.3789 
                 0.4856 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.3910 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As shown by “*” in the column of the surface number in Table 3, the both surfaces S 4  and S 5  of the first lens, the both surfaces S 6  and S 7  of the second lens, the both surfaces S 9  and S 10  of the third lens, and the both surfaces S 11  and S 12  of the fourth lens are aspherical. The conic constant K and the aspherical constant Ai of the surfaces S 4 , S 5 , S 6 , S 7 , S 9 , S 10 , S 11 , and S 12  are shown in Table 4. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.0501E−02 
                 6.4026E−04 
                 5.6140E−05 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −4.3069E−02 
                 5.6383E−04 
                 1.5408E−05 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.6453E−03 
                 −1.4624E−03 
                 −8.5712E−07 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.3316E−02 
                 −1.4576E−03 
                 3.8609E−06 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 3.1361E−03 
                 −1.8619E−02 
                 2.5537E−02 
               
               
                 10 
                 −1.0000 
                 −5.7329E−02 
                 1.6786E−02 
                 2.4299E−02 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.3975E−02 
                 −1.9713E−03 
                 −2.5743E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.4008E−02 
                 3.8239E−03 
                 1.0578E−03 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.7422E−06 
                 6.7475E−08 
                 3.6954E−10 
                 −5.4165E−10 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.9559E−06 
                 7.2531E−07 
                 1.7534E−07 
                 4.3091E−08 
               
               
                 6 
                 4.7656E−08 
                 2.7950E−07 
                 2.6414E−07 
                 1.4935E−07 
               
               
                 7 
                 7.3642E−06 
                 1.7963E−06 
                 4.2105E−07 
                 1.2531E−07 
               
               
                 9 
                 −2.7382E−03 
                 −5.2721E−04 
                 −1.5154E−02 
                 −1.6241E−02 
               
               
                 10 
                 5.4677E−02 
                 −2.1719E−01 
                 1.7186E−01 
                 −3.4155E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 3.2253E−04 
                 3.1503E−04 
                 1.7658E−04 
                 1.2592E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 2.4858E−04 
                 2.4932E−05 
                 −2.8668E−06 
                 2.2412E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.7096E−10 
                 −4.4965E−11 
                 −8.2587E−12 
                 −1.3975E−12 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.1113E−08 
                 2.9617E−09 
                 7.9249E−10 
                 2.0786E−10 
               
               
                 6 
                 7.5671E−08 
                 3.5467E−08 
                 1.5719E−08 
                 6.8059E−09 
               
               
                 7 
                 4.1332E−08 
                 1.5972E−08 
                 6.5313E−09 
                 2.7188E−09 
               
               
                 9 
                 9.3617E−03 
                 7.1994E−03 
                 −7.4710E−04 
                 −3.2288E−06 
               
               
                 10 
                 1.3576E−02 
                 −6.7705E−02 
                 2.8537E−02 
                 −1.2542E−04 
               
               
                 11 
                 1.0712E−04 
                 −4.1601E−05 
                 −2.0497E−04 
                 −2.4984E−05 
               
               
                 12 
                 4.3447E−05 
                 2.0654E−05 
                 1.5589E−05 
                 −2.5035E−07 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.3366E−13 
                 −1.6504E−14 
                 1.6164E−15 
                 1.2950E−15 
               
               
                 5 
                 5.2447E−11 
                 1.2383E−11 
                 2.6242E−12 
                 4.3402E−13 
               
               
                 6 
                 2.8850E−09 
                 1.2116E−09 
                 5.0839E−10 
                 2.1381E−10 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.1161E−09 
                 4.5007E−10 
                 1.7812E−10 
                 7.0028E−11 
               
               
                 9 
                 −3.9856E−19 
                 6.7351E−21 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 1.9589E−19 
               
               
                 10 
                 −4.1614E−07 
                 −8.9654E−20 
                 1.6664E−21 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 3.2249E−05 
                 7.0371E−09 
                 2.8102E−21 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −2.2463E−05 
                 6.7575E−08 
                 1.1437E−20 
                 −8.3818E−28 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 5.8032E−16 
                 1.8130E−16 
                 5.0782E−17 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 1.7618E−14 
                 −2.8848E−14 
                 −9.3040E−15 
               
               
                   
                  6 
                 6.4088E−11 
                 2.3582E−11 
                 1.8866E−30 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 2.7138E−11 
                 1.0078E−11 
                 1.4585E−13 
               
               
                   
                  9 
                 7.6750E−21 
                 3.0071E−22 
                 1.1782E−23 
               
               
                   
                 10 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 3.0071E−22 
                 1.1782E−23 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 10  shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification in the image pickup optical system. In the image pickup optical system  30  of Embodiment 2, the maximum angle of view is 130°, ΔZr is −0.005, and ΔZp is 0.028. Accordingly, ΔZr/Δ Zp is −0.167, which is within the range of not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the curvature of field is sufficiently corrected, and the whole object  12  including the central portion and the peripheral portion thereof is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  30 . Thereby, a brilliant image in which both the central portion of the image and the peripheral portion thereof are in focus is obtained, and even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7 in the entire range of the half angle of view ω. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  30  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and can suppress the distortion in the peripheral portion of the image. Accordingly, even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion is not so distorted as to be overlooked, and the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     [Embodiment 3] 
     As shown in  FIG. 12 , an image pickup optical system  40  of Embodiment 3 includes five lenses, namely, the first to fifth lenses L 1  to L 5 , and the aperture stop S 6 . In the capsule  13 , the first lens L 1 , the aperture stop S 6 , the second lens L 2 , the third lens L 3 , the fourth lens L 4 , and the fifth lens L 5  are disposed in this order from the side of the object  12  in the shape of concave hemisphere surface. The image pickup optical system  40  is designed based on lens data shown in the following Table 5. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 130° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 29.0646 
                 18.3763 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 10.6883 
                 0.9376 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 9.7507 
                 9.0608 
               
               
                  4* 
                 7.6427 
                 0.9376 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.7890 
                 1.0730 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.1921 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7 
                 5.8843 
                 1.2083 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                  8 
                 −2.3685 
                 0.1875 
               
               
                  9 
                 14.4343 
                 0.5625 
                 1.92286 
                 18.9 
               
               
                 10 
                 3.1531 
                 0.1875 
               
               
                 11 
                 5.3173 
                 1.4824 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 12 
                 −3.7807 
                 0.1875 
               
               
                 13* 
                 2.9814 
                 1.7960 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 14* 
                 −1.6144 
                 0.2585 
               
               
                 15 
                 ∞ 
                 0.9376 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 16 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As shown by “*” in the column of the surface number in Table 5, the both surfaces S 4  and S 5  of the first lens L 1  and the both surfaces S 13  and S 14  of the fifth lens L 5  are aspherical. The conic constant K and the aspherical constant Ai of the surfaces S 4 , S 5 , S 13 , and S 14  are shown in Table 6. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.8635E−01 
                 −1.3493E−01 
                 −5.5162E−02 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.3048E−01 
                 1.2018E+00 
                 −1.9042E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.6955E−02 
                 3.1178E−02 
                 −2.7344E−02 
               
               
                 14 
                 −1.0000 
                 3.4708E−01 
                 5.3036E−02 
                 −5.8731E−02 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −4.7267E−03 
                 7.8112E−03 
                 5.4810E−03 
                 2.1856E−03 
               
               
                 5 
                 −3.8642E+00 
                 7.2601E+00 
                 6.0466E+00 
                 −2.1930E+01 
               
               
                 13 
                 5.9775E−03 
                 3.4712E−03 
                 −3.7983E−04 
                 −7.2378E−04 
               
               
                 14 
                 −3.0082E−02 
                 −5.3533E−03 
                 2.1681E−03 
                 2.3301E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 4.3373E−04 
                 −1.4517E−04 
                 −2.2093E−04 
                 −3.0188E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.8094E+01 
                 −1.9584E+00 
                 −5.7833E+00 
                 3.2192E+00 
               
               
                 13 
                 −2.2372E−04 
                 −1.9247E−05 
                 4.7273E−05 
                 2.9245E−05 
               
               
                 14 
                 1.2452E−03 
                 1.0549E−04 
                 −5.5831E−05 
                 −4.4047E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.2543E−04 
                 2.2081E−04 
                 −2.4064E−05 
                 3.2946E−06 
               
               
                 5 
                 −4.4566E−01 
                 −1.6772E−03 
                 7.3712E−16 
                 3.9447E−17 
               
               
                 13 
                 1.0991E−05 
                 −2.1717E−06 
                 −2.8377E−06 
                 −1.3897E−06 
               
               
                 14 
                 −8.4327E−05 
                 1.5416E−06 
                 8.9907E−06 
                 2.3941E−06 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −2.8705E−06 
                 2.2033E−08 
                 5.1511E−10 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 9.1388E−11 
                 4.0410E−12 
                 2.1548E−13 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 6.6916E−07 
                 −1.6113E−08 
                 −9.9746E−10 
               
               
                   
                 14 
                 −5.3968E−07 
                 −1.1076E−08 
                 −1.1041E−08 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 13  shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification in the image pickup optical system  40  as in the case of the above Embodiments. ΔZr is 0.003, and Δ Zp is 0.036. Accordingly, in the image pickup optical system  40  in which the maximum angle of view 2ωmax is 130°, ΔZr/ΔZp is 0.081, and therefore the image pickup optical system  40  satisfies not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the curvature of field is sufficiently corrected, and the whole object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  40 . Further, as shown in  FIG. 14 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7 in almost all the range of the half angle of view w. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the distortion in the image. Thereby, a brilliant image in which both the central portion of the image and the peripheral portion thereof are in focus is obtained, and even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. 
     [Embodiment 4] 
     As shown in  FIG. 15 , an image pickup optical system  50  of Embodiment 4 includes the first lens L 1 , the second lens L 2 , the aperture stop S 8 , the third lens L 3 , the fourth lens L 4 , and the fifth lens L 5 , which are disposed in this order from the side of the object  12 . The third lens L 3  and the fourth lens L 4  constitute a laminated lens. As in the case of the above Embodiments,  FIG. 7  shows lens data, and  FIG. 8  shows data of the aspherical surfaces each of which is assigned with “*” in the column of the surface number. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 125° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 52.7239 
                 33.3351 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 19.3888 
                 1.7008 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 17.6880 
                 17.0074 
               
               
                  4* 
                 5.2946 
                 1.5139 
                 1.53159 
                 55.4 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.8891 
                 2.0503 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −5.9555 
                 2.0397 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −2.6434 
                 0.1701 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 1.7936 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9 
                 36.1366 
                 0.7325 
                 1.84666 
                 23.8 
               
               
                 10 
                 3.4022 
                 2.9713 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 11 
                 −4.4544 
                 0.1703 
               
               
                 12* 
                 6.2668 
                 2.0450 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 13* 
                 −2.5715 
                 0.6555 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 1.7008 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 15 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.9923E−02 
                 −4.6538E−03 
                 6.6680E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −4.5601E−01 
                 4.1102E−01 
                 −7.8056E−02 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.8433E−02 
                 −5.1519E−02 
                 3.8602E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.4578E−02 
                 3.2847E−02 
                 −2.7181E−02 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.2298E−02 
                 1.5591E−02 
                 −3.7547E−03 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0000 
                 5.8994E−02 
                 5.4660E−03 
                 3.1128E−04 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.7902E−04 
                 2.1145E−05 
                 −4.1897E−07 
                 −9.0971E−07 
               
               
                 5 
                 −7.8055E−02 
                 −6.9739E−03 
                 1.9975E−02 
                 1.0245E−02 
               
               
                 6 
                 1.0699E−02 
                 4.0125E−03 
                 −2.9932E−03 
                 −5.0475E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.6759E−03 
                 3.1390E−03 
                 2.2492E−03 
                 1.2013E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −4.0691E−05 
                 1.2236E−04 
                 1.3086E−05 
                 −1.5159E−06 
               
               
                 13 
                 −2.8313E−04 
                 −8.3211E−05 
                 −1.3140E−05 
                 −4.5317E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.6137E−07 
                 −4.7619E−08 
                 −3.7807E−09 
                 1.2921E−09 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.2268E−03 
                 −4.5038E−03 
                 1.2009E−03 
                 2.2592E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 1.1318E−03 
                 1.1407E−03 
                 −9.8276E−05 
                 −1.2913E−04 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.0143E−04 
                 −2.6607E−04 
                 −3.5757E−04 
                 1.9831E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −9.8995E−07 
                 −3.2232E−07 
                 −2.8262E−08 
                 7.9296E−10 
               
               
                 13 
                 9.4782E−07 
                 1.3032E−07 
                 2.5212E−08 
                 1.3574E−08 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 6.5989E−10 
                 1.6005E−10 
                 7.2856E−12 
                 −9.4053E−12 
               
               
                 5 
                 −6.8325E−05 
                 −4.2745E−07 
                 1.1389E−11 
                 2.8595E−21 
               
               
                 6 
                 2.0647E−05 
                 1.0009E−06 
                 −8.0772E−16 
                 2.0205E−11 
               
               
                 7 
                 −8.7066E−06 
                 −3.7052E−07 
                 −8.2954E−08 
                 −4.9366E−10 
               
               
                 12 
                 6.6772E−09 
                 2.3977E−09 
                 −1.0292E−09 
                 1.2059E−10 
               
               
                 13 
                 −2.3294E−08 
                 8.1870E−09 
                 −2.7203E−09 
                 4.2447E−10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −1.4375E−12 
                 2.9615E−13 
                 6.5820E−16 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 −2.6919E−19 
                 −1.0516E−18 
                 −3.0915E−20 
               
               
                   
                  6 
                 9.9243E−20 
                 1.8830E−21 
                 5.5361E−23 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 1.4436E−12 
                 −2.0632E−24 
                 8.5817E−23 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 −3.6749E−12 
                 −5.1734E−13 
                 −1.1508E−14 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 8.4678E−12 
                 −1.3572E−13 
                 −1.3446E−13 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 16  shows spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification in the image pickup optical system  50 . The maximum angle of the image pickup optical system  50  is 125°. ΔZr is −0.005, ΔZp is 0.018, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.279, which is within the range of not only the mathematical expression but also the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the curvature of field is sufficiently corrected, and the whole object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is within the depth of field of the image pickup optical system  50 . Thereby, a brilliant image in which both the central portion of the image and the peripheral portion thereof are in focus is obtained, and even if a lesion exists in the peripheral portion of the image, the lesion can be found with absolute accuracy. Further, as shown in  FIG. 17 , (Y(w+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  50  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and can successively suppress the distortion in the peripheral portion of the image. 
     [Embodiment 5] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  60  of Embodiment 5 is shown in  FIG. 18 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 9 shows lens data, Table 10 shows data of aspherical surfaces respectively assigned with the surface numbers S 4 , S 5 , S 11 , and S 12 .  FIG. 19  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 170° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 29.0057 
                 16.9570 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 10.2579 
                 1.4971 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 8.7517 
                 5.8627 
               
               
                  4* 
                 21.0846 
                 1.1291 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.2635 
                 1.2642 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.3829 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7 
                 −21.3026 
                 2.1301 
                 1.80400 
                 46.6 
               
               
                  8 
                 −3.0244 
                 0.1873 
               
               
                  9 
                 7.5453 
                 1.4255 
                 1.80400 
                 46.6 
               
               
                 10 
                 −7.1995 
                 0.1865 
               
               
                 11* 
                 2.6921 
                 1.5813 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −4.0858 
                 0.1806 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.0199 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.1806E−03 
                 6.0847E−04 
                 1.1648E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 3.0189E−02 
                 2.9023E−02 
                 −1.1704E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.2958E−03 
                 −6.0490E−03 
                 3.8647E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 4.0413E−02 
                 1.1306E−02 
                 2.8963E−03 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.1526E−05 
                 −3.1849E−07 
                 −5.5674E−07 
                 −1.9003E−07 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.1450E−04 
                 3.8652E−03 
                 4.5996E−03 
                 3.2054E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 1.3835E−03 
                 9.1107E−05 
                 −1.2677E−04 
                 −7.7351E−05 
               
               
                 12 
                 1.6035E−03 
                 9.4610E−04 
                 4.0676E−04 
                 9.5714E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −4.4059E−08 
                 −6.2540E−09 
                 3.8526E−10 
                 6.0256E−10 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.5331E−03 
                 4.4516E−04 
                 −5.1892E−05 
                 −2.0610E−04 
               
               
                 11 
                 −2.3361E−05 
                 −8.6265E−08 
                 5.3226E−06 
                 4.3320E−06 
               
               
                 12 
                 −3.5343E−05 
                 −6.5696E−05 
                 −5.5364E−05 
                 −3.5172E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.8528E−10 
                 1.0491E−11 
                 −3.7667E−12 
                 −6.3129E−13 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.1831E−04 
                 −1.9444E−04 
                 −3.3983E−05 
                 −2.3424E−07 
               
               
                 11 
                 2.3286E−06 
                 8.4037E−07 
                 3.8252E−08 
                 −2.8889E−07 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.7641E−05 
                 −5.8258E−06 
                 8.5904E−07 
                 3.9596E−06 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −1.3027E−13 
                 −2.5007E−15 
                 3.8559E−15 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 −1.2454E−07 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 3.9978E−20 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 −3.6116E−07 
                 −1.7141E−08 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 1.5778E−07 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The maximum angle of the image pickup optical system  60  of Embodiment 5 is 170°. ΔZr is −0.018, ΔZp is 0.202, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.088, which is within the range of not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 20 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  60  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the peripheral portion of the image is not distorted so much, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 6] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  70  of Embodiment 6 is shown in  FIG. 21 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 11 shows lens data, Table 12 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 22  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 2.0 2ωmax = 170° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 39.2626 
                 25.3307 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 13.9319 
                 1.2665 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 12.6654 
                 12.6653 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.3143 
                 0.7599 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.5932 
                 2.0895 
               
               
                  6* 
                 3.7646 
                 1.8364 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −2.8294 
                 0.2100 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.4150 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9* 
                 −4.2953 
                 1.1591 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −1.5655 
                 0.2027 
               
               
                 11* 
                 4.4560 
                 1.0850 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 12* 
                 95.9486 
                 0.3752 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.3805 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −8.5871E−02 
                 3.6445E−03 
                 1.6849E−03 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.4983E−01 
                 1.3210E−01 
                 −4.5289E−02 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 −5.7657E−02 
                 1.2495E−01 
                 −1.7895E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.3529E−02 
                 9.7090E−02 
                 −5.4465E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.7838E−02 
                 2.9039E−02 
                 −4.5048E−01 
               
               
                 10 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.3155E−03 
                 −8.1172E−02 
                 −4.8750E−02 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 4.7961E−02 
                 −1.4179E−01 
                 7.9568E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 3.2245E−03 
                 1.5838E−01 
                 −1.3194E−01 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.6308E−04 
                 −2.0561E−06 
                 −1.1407E−05 
                 −1.8690E−06 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.1206E−02 
                 −1.7203E−04 
                 2.9919E−03 
                 1.5663E−03 
               
               
                 6 
                 3.8306E−02 
                 4.4622E−02 
                 −4.6028E−03 
                 −1.4659E−02 
               
               
                 7 
                 −3.0452E−01 
                 3.3397E−01 
                 2.1034E−01 
                 −2.5540E−01 
               
               
                 9 
                 6.8552E−01 
                 5.8352E−01 
                 −3.0561E+00 
                 3.5528E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 4.4822E−02 
                 5.9125E−02 
                 8.2984E−03 
                 −4.6437E−02 
               
               
                 11 
                 6.7049E−02 
                 −1.6987E−02 
                 −1.5855E−02 
                 5.6036E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −3.4618E−02 
                 2.5025E−02 
                 9.9375E−03 
                 −1.0946E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −2.1800E−07 
                 1.0283E−08 
                 1.9658E−08 
                 5.3521E−09 
               
               
                 5 
                 6.2289E−04 
                 5.3536E−05 
                 −1.2433E−04 
                 −1.0725E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.4456E−03 
                 3.2012E−04 
                 −9.3419E−04 
                 1.9888E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.9877E−01 
                 4.3697E−01 
                 −1.6450E−01 
                 1.0304E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.7717E+00 
                 4.2167E−01 
                 1.3244E−01 
                 −1.7521E−01 
               
               
                 10 
                 −3.7424E−03 
                 −2.0677E−03 
                 5.1690E−03 
                 7.3802E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 4.9723E−03 
                 −7.0489E−05 
                 −4.5512E−03 
                 6.8068E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −4.5074E−04 
                 −7.6467E−04 
                 −5.7872E−04 
                 −3.4936E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.2238E−09 
                 2.2572E−10 
                 −7.3024E−11 
                 −2.8805E−11 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.6269E−05 
                 9.5627E−06 
                 1.5117E−06 
                 8.4478E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 8.0085E−05 
                 −2.4483E−04 
                 −1.0633E−05 
                 −9.7077E−09 
               
               
                 7 
                 3.2493E−03 
                 1.2928E−05 
                 3.2298E−07 
                 −3.3168E−12 
               
               
                 9 
                 1.4012E−02 
                 −1.4045E−12 
                 −1.7871E−10 
                 −7.0560E−12 
               
               
                 10 
                 −3.1672E−03 
                 −5.5248E−06 
                 −7.5648E−15 
                 −7.0484E−12 
               
               
                 11 
                 1.1477E−03 
                 −3.2732E−04 
                 −1.8090E−07 
                 5.6683E−11 
               
               
                 12 
                 3.4843E−04 
                 2.0644E−05 
                 −2.0835E−05 
                 1.5389E−11 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −6.2984E−12 
                 1.5460E−13 
                 4.2817E−13 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 7.9212E−10 
                 −1.9263E−15 
                 −1.8374E−20 
               
               
                   
                  6 
                 1.2517E−13 
                 4.6920E−14 
                 1.8045E−18 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 −2.8899E−13 
                 −1.0982E−14 
                 −4.3186E−16 
               
               
                   
                  9 
                 −2.7740E−13 
                 −1.0951E−14 
                 −4.3233E−16 
               
               
                   
                 10 
                 −2.7852E−13 
                 −1.0997E−14 
                 −4.3233E−16 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 −1.1790E−17 
                 −4.6543E−19 
                 −4.2827E−19 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 −1.1790E−17 
                 −4.6543E−19 
                 −4.3366E−16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  70 , in which the maximum angle of view is 170°, ΔZr is −0.015, ΔZp is 0.186, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.080. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  70  satisfies not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 23 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  70  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the peripheral portion of the image is not distorted so much, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 7] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  80  of Embodiment 7 is shown in  FIG. 24 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 13 shows lens data, Table 14 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 25  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 13 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 2.0 2ωmax = 150° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 31.0156 
                 20.0101 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 11.0055 
                 1.0005 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 10.0050 
                 9.8197 
               
               
                  4* 
                 7.1731 
                 0.6003 
                 1.63000 
                 60.0 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.5111 
                 2.5494 
               
               
                  6* 
                 1.9237 
                 1.1366 
                 1.62357 
                 35.6 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −3.1228 
                 0.0243 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.2293 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9* 
                 −0.8388 
                 0.7189 
                 1.63000 
                 60.0 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −0.7951 
                 0.2032 
               
               
                 11* 
                 2.1379 
                 0.6093 
                 1.55906 
                 62.7 
               
               
                 12* 
                 2.6310 
                 0.3509 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.0906 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 14 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.6851E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 6.6842E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 7.0290E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −9.3884E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −4.8665E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −5.1686E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.6545E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.0026E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SUR- 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 FACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.4277E−04 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −6.6804E−06 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 5 
                 6.1982E−04 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −5.5435E−04 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.1519E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 4.8451E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.1391E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 5.5458E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −3.5296E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 1.4686E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −1.0823E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 6.7602E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 −2.4301E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 2.1117E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −7.6680E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −4.4835E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SUR- 
               
               
                 FACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −5.9563E−08 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 7.1999E−08 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 5 
                 4.1171E−05 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.5114E−06 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 6 
                 −5.5780E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 1.6068E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 7 
                 −4.5109E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 9.4952E−02 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −7.3422E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 5.4092E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 −2.6969E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 3.2478E−01 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 2.2571E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −1.7515E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 1.2691E−03 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 −2.2466E−04 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 5 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 6 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 7 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 10 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 11 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                  6 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                  9 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 10 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  80 , in which the maximum angle of view is 150°, ΔZr is 0.010, ΔZp is 0.075, and ΔZr/ΔZp is 0.128. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  80  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expressions 1 and 2. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 26 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  80  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the peripheral portion of the image is not distorted so much, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 8] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  90  of Embodiment 8 is shown in  FIG. 27 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 15 shows lens data, Table 16 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 28  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 15 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 2.0 2ωmax = 170° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 52.3393 
                 33.7673 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 18.5720 
                 1.6884 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 16.8836 
                 16.8837 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.0691 
                 1.0130 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.7157 
                 4.2191 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.3312 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7* 
                 5.9517 
                 1.1875 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                  8* 
                 7.6999 
                 0.4004 
               
               
                  9* 
                 2.1836 
                 2.0415 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −13.7488 
                 0.3339 
               
               
                 11* 
                 −15.8602 
                 1.6064 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −1.4551 
                 0.4670 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.8403 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 16 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.5700E−02 
                 −3.1703E−03 
                 −3.2383E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −4.4213E−01 
                 2.8306E−01 
                 −7.1316E−02 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.3697E−02 
                 −1.7459E−01 
                 6.7293E−01 
               
               
                 8 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.9655E−03 
                 −2.4355E−01 
                 −1.7837E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 −6.2772E−02 
                 3.1543E−02 
                 −2.4815E−01 
               
               
                 10 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.1759E−01 
                 3.8284E−02 
                 −3.0955E−02 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 5.1705E−02 
                 −6.7555E−02 
                 3.7561E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.6587E−01 
                 3.9872E−02 
                 −5.5335E−02 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −4.8301E−05 
                 −1.8810E−06 
                 5.7872E−06 
                 3.0860E−06 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.6700E−02 
                 4.0634E−03 
                 7.3417E−03 
                 1.9461E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −6.9440E−01 
                 −3.9297E−01 
                 8.4036E−01 
                 5.9985E−02 
               
               
                 8 
                 5.0926E−01 
                 −4.4819E−01 
                 −8.2505E−02 
                 2.4562E−01 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0694E−01 
                 6.2314E−01 
                 −2.1044E−01 
                 −5.0565E−01 
               
               
                 10 
                 −5.3022E−04 
                 1.1277E−02 
                 4.8678E−04 
                 −1.9928E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 1.7082E−02 
                 −2.6104E−03 
                 −1.9276E−03 
                 6.3326E−04 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0392E−02 
                 4.7938E−03 
                 1.6785E−03 
                 1.3692E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.1347E−06 
                 1.5734E−07 
                 −9.2745E−08 
                 −6.6930E−08 
               
               
                 5 
                 −3.4371E−03 
                 1.0520E−03 
                 −1.5511E−04 
                 3.3157E−05 
               
               
                 7 
                 −4.9133E−01 
                 1.9195E−01 
                 −1.4455E−02 
                 3.3205E−04 
               
               
                 8 
                 −9.0588E−02 
                 7.7982E−03 
                 1.1247E−04 
                 −7.9737E−05 
               
               
                 9 
                 4.8359E−01 
                 −1.5089E−01 
                 1.5231E−02 
                 −9.7760E−04 
               
               
                 10 
                 5.7040E−04 
                 −3.6120E−04 
                 −2.3859E−04 
                 2.5806E−04 
               
               
                 11 
                 3.9993E−04 
                 9.4593E−06 
                 −1.9412E−04 
                 1.7265E−05 
               
               
                 12 
                 4.2750E−06 
                 −3.9195E−05 
                 −2.7301E−05 
                 −1.3288E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.4174E−08 
                 −3.6178E−10 
                 4.9531E−10 
                 −6.9814E−11 
               
               
                 5 
                 −6.6938E−06 
                 2.1328E−07 
                 2.3416E−08 
                 6.3586E−09 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.1280E−05 
                 −4.3752E−06 
                 −1.4254E−07 
                 −9.7621E−11 
               
               
                 8 
                 7.4969E−05 
                 2.3102E−07 
                 4.3296E−09 
                 −3.3337E−14 
               
               
                 9 
                 3.7414E−04 
                 −2.5098E−14 
                 −2.3957E−12 
                 −7.0940E−14 
               
               
                 10 
                 −5.1325E−05 
                 5.8702E−07 
                 −1.2963E−12 
                 −7.0879E−14 
               
               
                 11 
                 2.3622E−05 
                 −4.6939E−06 
                 3.1130E−08 
                 5.6029E−13 
               
               
                 12 
                 7.5612E−06 
                 5.7693E−07 
                 −3.0597E−07 
                 −1.3901E−10 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −1.4761E−11 
                 1.7343E−12 
                 6.5058E−14 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 5.9754E−12 
                 −1.0901E−17 
                 2.8332E−20 
               
               
                   
                  7 
                 9.7661E−16 
                 2.6648E−16 
                 3.6479E−20 
               
               
                   
                  8 
                 −2.1795E−15 
                 −6.1172E−17 
                 −1.8044E−18 
               
               
                   
                  9 
                 −2.0921E−15 
                 −6.0998E−17 
                 −1.8064E−18 
               
               
                   
                 10 
                 −2.1010E−15 
                 −6.2229E−17 
                 −1.8064E−18 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 −2.8777E−15 
                 −2.6338E−21 
                 −1.8180E−21 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 −6.8780E−15 
                 −2.6338E−21 
                 −1.8409E−18 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  90 , the maximum angle of view is 170°, ΔZr is −0.031, and ΔZp is 0.133. ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.235, which is within the range of the mathematical expressions land  2 . Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 29 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  90  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the peripheral portion of the image is not distorted so much, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 9] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  100  of Embodiment 9 is shown in  FIG. 30 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 17 shows lens data, Table 18 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 31  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 17 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 170° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 35.6520 
                 22.5413 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 13.1108 
                 1.1501 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 11.9607 
                 9.5059 
               
               
                  4* 
                 −35.5208 
                 1.1501 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.8801 
                 0.7764 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.2300 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7 
                 33.8004 
                 2.2672 
                 1.74320 
                 49.3 
               
               
                  8 
                 −2.5557 
                 0.2300 
               
               
                  9 
                 8.6484 
                 0.6900 
                 1.92286 
                 18.9 
               
               
                 10 
                 2.5557 
                 2.3001 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 11 
                 −11.8213 
                 0.2300 
               
               
                 12* 
                 3.8788 
                 2.3001 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 13* 
                 −1.3291 
                 0.3245 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 1.1501 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 15 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 18 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −1.0000 
                 5.5091E−02 
                 −2.7558E−02 
                 −2.1981E−03 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.4084E−01 
                 1.6403E+00 
                 −2.0923E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.2527E−02 
                 2.7986E−02 
                 −1.2837E−02 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.0704E−01 
                 4.6420E−02 
                 −8.9891E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 4.7034E−04 
                 4.6228E−04 
                 2.6092E−04 
                 1.1739E−04 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.1442E+00 
                 2.7202E+00 
                 2.1544E+00 
                 −3.8604E+00 
               
               
                 12 
                 1.1054E−03 
                 9.1051E−04 
                 1.3628E−05 
                 −7.9323E−05 
               
               
                 13 
                 −6.3406E−03 
                 −1.1914E−03 
                 2.5164E−04 
                 3.0147E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 3.7681E−05 
                 4.8817E−06 
                 −6.8767E−06 
                 −1.0520E−05 
               
               
                  5 
                 1.3620E+00 
                 −7.4332E−01 
                 1.1473E−01 
                 2.6608E−01 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.9703E−05 
                 −9.1654E−07 
                 3.5337E−06 
                 1.6433E−06 
               
               
                 13 
                 1.4918E−04 
                 1.1106E−05 
                 −7.8818E−06 
                 −6.2716E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −1.5643E−05 
                 1.1646E−05 
                 −1.7979E−06 
                 −4.9008E−08 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.3595E−02 
                 −9.6052E−05 
                 3.4414E−17 
                 1.5014E−18 
               
               
                 12 
                 5.3936E−07 
                 −1.2937E−07 
                 −1.2455E−07 
                 −5.0324E−08 
               
               
                 13 
                 −2.5610E−06 
                 −4.8456E−07 
                 1.5747E−07 
                 1.1910E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 1.9276E−08 
                 5.3897E−10 
                 1.0622E−11 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 −8.6529E−15 
                 −1.5707E−15 
                 −6.8715E−17 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 2.1537E−08 
                 −2.3263E−10 
                 −1.9503E−11 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 7.2352E−09 
                 −2.8018E−10 
                 −2.2769E−10 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  100 , the maximum angle of view is 170°, ΔZr is 0.036, ΔZp is 0.168, and ΔZr/ΔZp is 0.215, which is within the range of not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 32 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  100  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the peripheral portion of the image is not distorted so much, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 10] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  110  of Embodiment 10 is shown in  FIG. 33 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 19 shows lens data, Table 20 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 34  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 19 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.6 2ωmax = 155° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 42.9914 
                 27.1817 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 15.8097 
                 1.3868 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 14.4229 
                 13.8681 
               
               
                  4* 
                 −271.3132 
                 1.2463 
                 1.53159 
                 55.4 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.2736 
                 2.1234 
               
               
                  6 
                 5.0379 
                 0.8775 
                 1.84666 
                 23.8 
               
               
                  7 
                 −42.2078 
                 0.3893 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.5793 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9 
                 −3.2395 
                 0.7814 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 10 
                 −2.7196 
                 0.1387 
               
               
                 11 
                 10.3913 
                 1.0834 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 12 
                 −8.5087 
                 0.1387 
               
               
                 13* 
                 4.0002 
                 1.5744 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 14* 
                 −2.3765 
                 0.4205 
               
               
                 15 
                 ∞ 
                 1.3868 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 16 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 20 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.1845E−01 
                 −2.6035E−02 
                 −3.9981E−03 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.8659E−01 
                 −1.0512E−01 
                 5.6801E−02 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.9628E−02 
                 4.5078E−03 
                 4.7745E−03 
               
               
                 14 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.2929E−02 
                 1.2675E−01 
                 −4.8654E−02 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 5.0211E−05 
                 1.2748E−04 
                 3.2446E−05 
                 4.9233E−06 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.4380E−02 
                 −1.4481E−02 
                 −2.3922E−03 
                 1.5344E−03 
               
               
                 13 
                 −4.8268E−03 
                 −8.8612E−04 
                 4.0639E−04 
                 2.6232E−04 
               
               
                 14 
                 −1.2880E−02 
                 9.2601E−04 
                 1.6500E−03 
                 6.0678E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 2.4863E−07 
                 −9.2028E−08 
                 −5.0714E−08 
                 −1.4201E−08 
               
               
                  5 
                 1.2218E−03 
                 4.0802E−04 
                 3.4527E−06 
                 −7.6706E−05 
               
               
                 13 
                 4.8332E−05 
                 −1.3376E−05 
                 −1.1747E−05 
                 −3.5147E−06 
               
               
                 14 
                 7.0560E−05 
                 −5.3653E−05 
                 −3.9547E−05 
                 −9.3269E−06 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −2.7915E−09 
                 −3.2091E−10 
                 2.8702E−11 
                 3.8175E−11 
               
               
                  5 
                 −4.2800E−05 
                 −8.2857E−07 
                 5.1190E−06 
                 6.7286E−09 
               
               
                 13 
                 −1.6990E−07 
                 3.0642E−07 
                 1.4844E−07 
                 −2.6644E−08 
               
               
                 14 
                 1.3794E−06 
                 1.6722E−06 
                 3.9199E−07 
                 −1.5382E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 1.0979E−11 
                 1.3070E−12 
                 −6.2270E−13 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 2.6366E−11 
                 3.1970E−12 
                 1.3166E−13 
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 2.4159E−11 
                 1.1222E−15 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 14 
                 −9.6897E−24 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  110 , the maximum angle of view is 155°, ΔZr is −0.020, ΔZp is 0.069, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.295, which is within the range of not only the mathematical expression 2 but also the mathematical expression 1. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 35 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  110  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion is successively within the depth of field. Accordingly, the distortion can be suppressed, and it is possible to successively performing the image forming. 
     [Embodiment 11] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  120  of Embodiment 11 is shown in  FIG. 36 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 21 shows lens data, Table 22 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 37  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. Additionally, the graph illustrating the degree of the distortion based on the value of (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is shown in  FIG. 38 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 21 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 160° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 28.2332 
                 19.4022 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 10.1884 
                 1.4572 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 7.8196 
                 6.2476 
               
               
                  4* 
                 −117.6982 
                 0.3795 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.5604 
                 0.9144 
               
               
                  6* 
                 −3.3005 
                 1.1967 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −1.3610 
                 0.0054 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 1.1230 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9* 
                 −4.3483 
                 1.2890 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −1.8179 
                 0.1822 
               
               
                 11* 
                 1.8940 
                 1.5094 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −4.3858 
                 0.1714 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 0.9927 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 22 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.4662E−03 
                 −1.0823E−03 
                 1.2994E−03 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 4.3222E−02 
                 1.2853E−02 
                 5.3203E−03 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 −5.0859E−03 
                 −3.4693E−02 
                 −1.3680E−02 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 5.8988E−03 
                 −1.7335E−02 
                 1.1859E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.1280E−02 
                 4.9107E−03 
                 2.8814E−02 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.3316E−02 
                 2.6397E−03 
                 2.5619E−03 
               
               
                 11  
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.7029E−02 
                 5.8249E−03 
                 2.6211E−04 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.0000 
                 1.2528E−02 
                 −4.9044E−03 
                 2.6159E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.2777E−03 
                 −8.3443E−04 
                 −2.3103E−04 
                 1.5397E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −5.3685E−03 
                 −3.5806E−03 
                 2.6181E−03 
                 7.1885E−06 
               
               
                 6 
                 −3.1221E−02 
                 −4.7545E−03 
                 −3.3105E−03 
                 −6.5527E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.8205E−02 
                 4.2313E−03 
                 −2.8733E−04 
                 1.9037E−06 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.7732E−02 
                 1.3438E−05 
                 −1.4280E−03 
                 3.4946E−04 
               
               
                 10  
                 4.5554E−04 
                 −3.3893E−04 
                 −8.8711E−04 
                 −5.6674E−04 
               
               
                 11  
                 −3.8849E−03 
                 1.9742E−03 
                 7.5091E−05 
                 −6.1615E−04 
               
               
                 12  
                 −5.5300E−04 
                 −7.6048E−04 
                 7.9145E−05 
                 4.1644E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.5083E−06 
                 1.3272E−08 
                 3.5637E−10 
                 1.9565E−11 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.8852E−07 
                 5.6322E−09 
                 3.1396E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 6 
                 −4.0152E−08 
                 5.7187E−09 
                 3.1396E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.0417E−07 
                 5.7187E−09 
                 3.1396E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 9 
                 4.5382E−07 
                 5.7187E−09 
                 3.1396E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 10  
                 1.5669E−07 
                 5.7187E−09 
                 3.1396E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 11  
                 7.6879E−05 
                 3.0862E−07 
                 3.1680E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                 12  
                 1.1190E−04 
                 4.3744E−08 
                 3.1388E−10 
                 1.7236E−11 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 5 
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 6 
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 7 
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 9 
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 10  
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 11  
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                 12  
                 9.4627E−13 
                 5.1950E−14 
                 2.8521E−15 
                 1.5658E−16 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 10  
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 11  
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                 12  
                 8.5961E−18 
                 4.7193E−19 
                 2.5909E−20 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  120 , the maximum angle of view is 160°, ΔZr is 0.117, ΔZp is 0.119, and ΔZr/ΔZp is 0.981, which is out of the range of the mathematical expression 1. However, the maximum angle of view (2ωmax) of the image pickup optical system  120  is at least 135°, and therefore if the image pickup optical system  120  satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 2, the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion can be within the depth of field. Further, as shown in  FIG. 38 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  120  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and it is possible to suppress the distortion to an acceptable level. 
     [Embodiment 12] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  130  of Embodiment 12 is shown in  FIG. 39 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 23 shows lens data, Table 24 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 40  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. Additionally, the graph illustrating the degree of the distortion based on the value of (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is shown in  FIG. 41 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 23 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.7 2ωmax = 150° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 34.3542 
                 22.1640 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 12.1902 
                 1.1082 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 11.0820 
                 11.0820 
               
               
                  4* 
                 −142.3518 
                 0.6649 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.9780 
                 0.6649 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.1108 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7* 
                 2.6830 
                 0.7776 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                  8* 
                 2.1249 
                 0.1108 
               
               
                  9* 
                 0.7361 
                 1.5045 
                 1.49023 
                 57.5 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −1.4812 
                 0.1108 
               
               
                 11* 
                 −2.1419 
                 0.7758 
                 1.63178 
                 23.2 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −1.2326 
                 0.3369 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.2079 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 24 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.5557E−01 
                 −7.9966E−02 
                 1.0669E−01 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −7.5229E−01 
                 4.9965E+00 
                 −8.4921E+00 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.4035E−01 
                 −1.6417E+00 
                 4.3919E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.6174E−01 
                 −1.8006E−01 
                 −1.2237E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 −9.6486E−01 
                 1.7197E+00 
                 −1.9499E+00 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.5172E−01 
                 1.9389E−01 
                 −1.8857E−01 
               
               
                 11  
                 −1.0000 
                 4.4724E−01 
                 −3.6165E−01 
                 −5.8004E−03 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.0000 
                 4.5402E−01 
                 4.0102E−01 
                 −4.3849E−01 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −9.0104E−02 
                 −1.0062E−01 
                 −2.0955E−02 
                 3.4790E−02 
               
               
                 5 
                 3.2770E+00 
                 2.1598E+00 
                 −1.5407E+00 
                 6.4680E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 −4.3015E+00 
                 −5.5651E+00 
                 1.3940E+01 
                 5.9263E−01 
               
               
                 8 
                 5.1226E+00 
                 −5.5367E+00 
                 −2.0503E+00 
                 6.9866E+00 
               
               
                 9 
                 −2.8688E+00 
                 9.6102E+00 
                 −2.8151E+00 
                 −1.5372E+01 
               
               
                 10  
                 9.4593E−02 
                 1.7075E−01 
                 −3.3295E−02 
                 −9.7080E−02 
               
               
                 11  
                 1.2899E−01 
                 −3.5795E−02 
                 −4.1157E−02 
                 2.9275E−02 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.4621E−01 
                 7.8715E−02 
                 5.8889E−02 
                 1.3945E−02 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 4.0433E−02 
                 1.5542E−02 
                 −1.0541E−02 
                 −1.7026E−02 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.7222E+00 
                 −3.8597E+00 
                 2.9405E−01 
                 6.1719E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 −2.0418E+01 
                 1.6047E+01 
                 −1.9003E+00 
                 −1.4448E+00 
               
               
                 8 
                 −3.8309E+00 
                 6.5949E−01 
                 −2.6596E−02 
                 −5.8372E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 2.0573E+01 
                 −1.0293E+01 
                 1.8423E+00 
                 6.0120E−02 
               
               
                 10  
                 1.7761E−02 
                 −1.5813E−02 
                 −1.4972E−02 
                 4.7029E−02 
               
               
                 11  
                 2.4140E−02 
                 −7.6758E−04 
                 −2.2347E−02 
                 1.9912E−03 
               
               
                 12  
                 −2.5645E−03 
                 −8.0562E−03 
                 −5.4726E−03 
                 −1.4975E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 3.2111E−03 
                 2.0588E−03 
                 3.2114E−05 
                 −3.5101E−08 
               
               
                 5 
                 1.3215E−02 
                 8.3660E−05 
                 1.2917E−05 
                 5.3212E−06 
               
               
                 7 
                 2.6873E−03 
                 −1.5880E−03 
                 −7.8824E−05 
                 −8.2243E−08 
               
               
                 8 
                 2.9629E−02 
                 8.3852E−05 
                 2.3942E−06 
                 −2.8086E−11 
               
               
                 9 
                 −2.5181E−02 
                 8.9775E−05 
                 −1.3247E−09 
                 −5.9765E−11 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.8587E−02 
                 7.3900E−04 
                 −5.6077E−14 
                 −5.9713E−11 
               
               
                 11  
                 6.1478E−03 
                 −1.7187E−03 
                 4.4605E−05 
                 4.8021E−10 
               
               
                 12  
                 3.3380E−03 
                 −1.3232E−04 
                 −2.1244E−04 
                 −1.1737E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 −1.7829E−08 
                 3.4054E−09 
                 2.0020E−10 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 7.8094E−09 
                 −6.0477E−15 
                 7.7327E−16 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 1.6316E−12 
                 5.3637E−13 
                 7.9755E−16 
               
               
                   
                 8 
                 −2.7975E−12 
                 −1.1963E−13 
                 −4.6868E−15 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 −2.6853E−12 
                 −1.1928E−13 
                 −4.6928E−15 
               
               
                   
                 10  
                 −2.6967E−12 
                 −1.2169E−13 
                 −5.3817E−15 
               
               
                   
                 11  
                 −1.1415E−16 
                 −5.1503E−18 
                 −5.4162E−18 
               
               
                   
                 12  
                 −1.1415E−16 
                 −5.1503E−18 
                 −5.4843E−15 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  130 , the maximum angle of view is 150°, ΔZr is 0.078, ΔZp is 0.069, and ΔZr/ΔZp is 1.120. Since the maximum angle of view of the image pickup optical system  130  is at least 135°, it is sufficient that the condition of the mathematical expression 2 is satisfied. Therefore, the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion can be within the depth of field. Further, as shown in  FIG. 41 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  130  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and it is possible to suppress the distortion to an acceptable level. 
     [Embodiment 13] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  140  of Embodiment 13 is shown in  FIG. 42 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 25 shows lens data, Table 26 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 43  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. Additionally, the graph illustrating the degree of the distortion based on the value of (Y(+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is shown in  FIG. 44 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 25 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 140° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 46.6412 
                 29.4893 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 17.1519 
                 1.5046 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 15.6474 
                 15.0454 
               
               
                  4* 
                 5.6650 
                 1.3154 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.9640 
                 1.9412 
               
               
                  6 
                 −2.5360 
                 1.2129 
                 1.83481 
                 42.7 
               
               
                  7 
                 −3.1101 
                 0.3722 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.1505 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9 
                 4.8912 
                 0.8689 
                 1.84666 
                 23.8 
               
               
                 10 
                 2.8994 
                 1.6847 
                 1.72916 
                 54.7 
               
               
                 11 
                 −10.9280 
                 0.8151 
               
               
                 12* 
                 3.9733 
                 2.5848 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 13* 
                 −1.6180 
                 0.5921 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 1.5046 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 15 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 26 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 2.4676E−02 
                 −8.1846E−03 
                 −7.7721E−04 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −4.4807E−01 
                 6.1677E−01 
                 −2.1560E−01 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.2403E−02 
                 1.5209E−02 
                 −3.2990E−03 
               
               
                 13  
                 −1.0000 
                 7.7484E−02 
                 8.8811E−03 
                 −1.2276E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −3.9881E−05 
                 1.4596E−05 
                 8.1674E−06 
                 2.8924E−06 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.8633E−01 
                 1.0018E−01 
                 8.1013E−02 
                 −9.0741E−02 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.8254E−04 
                 2.2860E−05 
                 −2.9215E−05 
                 1.1397E−07 
               
               
                 13  
                 −4.5699E−04 
                 −9.8416E−05 
                 −7.8836E−05 
                 −2.8019E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 7.3839E−07 
                 1.2637E−07 
                 −1.4413E−08 
                 −3.0817E−08 
               
               
                 5 
                 4.0095E−02 
                 −9.4795E−03 
                 1.7820E−04 
                 3.5069E−04 
               
               
                 12  
                 4.9438E−06 
                 −3.8706E−06 
                 −1.8050E−06 
                 1.4052E−07 
               
               
                 13  
                 −2.4746E−06 
                 −1.0287E−06 
                 6.2823E−08 
                 −3.9567E−08 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −3.1909E−08 
                 1.4808E−08 
                 −1.5122E−09 
                 −5.6318E−11 
               
               
                 5 
                 −2.3948E−05 
                 −2.0663E−07 
                 8.0736E−11 
                 1.0538E−21 
               
               
                 12  
                 −2.7694E−07 
                 1.3671E−07 
                 −1.1583E−10 
                 6.3221E−11 
               
               
                 13  
                 1.3990E−07 
                 6.4277E−08 
                 −1.4935E−08 
                 −6.0131E−12 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 8.5521E−12 
                 3.5661E−13 
                 −5.1576E−15 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 −2.6589E−18 
                 −2.9992E−19 
                 −8.1304E−21 
               
               
                   
                 12  
                 7.8895E−12 
                 −5.3503E−14 
                 −2.3142E−15 
               
               
                   
                 13  
                 2.0056E−12 
                 −1.8060E−13 
                 −2.7019E−14 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  140 , ΔZr is −0.036, ΔZp is 0.034, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −1.048. Since the maximum angle of view (2maxω) of the image pickup optical system  140  is 140°, it is sufficient that the condition of the mathematical expression 2 is satisfied. Therefore, the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion can be within the depth of field. Further, as shown in  FIG. 44 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  140  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and it is possible to suppress the distortion to an acceptable level, while the distortion is likely to appear in the peripheral portion. 
     [Embodiment 14] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  150  of Embodiment 14 is shown in  FIG. 45 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 27 shows lens data, Table 28 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 46  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. Additionally, the graph illustrating the degree of the distortion based on the value of (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is shown in  FIG. 47 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 27 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 2.0 2ωmax = 150° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 39.1116 
                 24.7286 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 14.3830 
                 1.2617 
                 1.58600 
                 55.0 
               
               
                  3 
                 13.1213 
                 12.6165 
               
               
                  4* 
                 2.5983 
                 0.7570 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 0.6700 
                 1.7472 
               
               
                  6* 
                 3.8888 
                 1.4805 
                 1.65112 
                 20.8 
               
               
                  7* 
                 −4.2960 
                 0.2581 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.5254 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  9* 
                 −2.5149 
                 0.9367 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 10* 
                 −1.4944 
                 0.1713 
               
               
                 11* 
                 3.0622 
                 1.6348 
                 1.54378 
                 55.7 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −3.3309 
                 0.3740 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.2617 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 28 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −1.0000 
                 −7.0949E−02 
                 2.6436E−03 
                 1.1982E−03 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.0000 
                 −1.9524E−01 
                 1.0890E−01 
                 −3.1541E−02 
               
               
                 6 
                 −1.0000 
                 −4.6955E−02 
                 1.0027E−01 
                 −1.2395E−01 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.0000 
                 −2.8435E−02 
                 1.0106E−01 
                 −9.8759E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0000 
                 −3.8830E−02 
                 5.8665E−02 
                 −3.3679E−01 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.0000 
                 2.1049E−02 
                 −9.8121E−02 
                 −5.2708E−02 
               
               
                 11  
                 −1.0000 
                 5.0913E−02 
                 −1.1043E−01 
                 6.2833E−03 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.0000 
                 2.0349E−02 
                 1.2216E−01 
                 −9.1841E−02 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 1.0817E−04 
                 −7.4701E−07 
                 −6.1587E−06 
                 −9.4155E−07 
               
               
                 5 
                 −1.4199E−02 
                 −5.0886E−04 
                 1.4185E−03 
                 6.6602E−04 
               
               
                 6 
                 2.6934E−02 
                 2.7848E−02 
                 −4.3172E−03 
                 −6.9136E−03 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.4502E−01 
                 1.6489E−01 
                 1.1418E−01 
                 −9.6373E−02 
               
               
                 9 
                 4.0474E−01 
                 3.4398E−01 
                 −1.6802E+00 
                 1.9344E+00 
               
               
                 10  
                 2.3560E−02 
                 3.2595E−02 
                 9.5777E−03 
                 −1.9910E−02 
               
               
                 11  
                 4.4177E−02 
                 −9.8649E−03 
                 −8.5029E−03 
                 2.9868E−03 
               
               
                 12  
                 −2.1712E−02 
                 1.5465E−02 
                 5.7070E−03 
                 4.9041E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 −9.8605E−08 
                 4.1903E−09 
                 7.0984E−09 
                 1.8698E−09 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.4417E−04 
                 1.1144E−06 
                 −5.1744E−05 
                 −3.5573E−05 
               
               
                 6 
                 −2.1159E−03 
                 3.3713E−04 
                 −2.8675E−04 
                 5.1859E−04 
               
               
                 7 
                 −1.7127E−01 
                 1.9418E−01 
                 −5.8590E−02 
                 1.4298E−03 
               
               
                 9 
                 −1.0255E+00 
                 2.9017E−01 
                 4.2899E−02 
                 −6.2657E−02 
               
               
                 10  
                 3.1645E−04 
                 1.2392E−03 
                 2.9498E−03 
                 1.8471E−03 
               
               
                 11  
                 2.3984E−03 
                 5.4571E−06 
                 −1.7626E−03 
                 2.4514E−04 
               
               
                 12  
                 −1.6938E−04 
                 −3.2234E−04 
                 −2.2391E−04 
                 −1.2641E−04 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 4 
                 2.0378E−10 
                 6.9033E−11 
                 −2.2709E−11 
                 −6.6762E−12 
               
               
                 5 
                 2.4435E−07 
                 3.8157E−06 
                 3.9818E−07 
                 2.1441E−07 
               
               
                 6 
                 1.9055E−04 
                 −7.4627E−05 
                 −2.9403E−06 
                 −2.4613E−09 
               
               
                 7 
                 1.0553E−03 
                 3.8930E−06 
                 8.9134E−08 
                 −7.7981E−11 
               
               
                 9 
                 4.5990E−03 
                 8.6106E−10 
                 −4.9416E−11 
                 −1.7909E−12 
               
               
                 10  
                 −1.0435E−03 
                 −1.6559E−06 
                 −1.4093E−10 
                 −1.7889E−12 
               
               
                 11  
                 3.7410E−04 
                 −1.0246E−04 
                 −6.2740E−08 
                 1.1976E−11 
               
               
                 12  
                 1.1258E−04 
                 5.0652E−06 
                 −6.0662E−06 
                 −1.0767E−09 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 4 
                 −2.8483E−12 
                 1.4725E−13 
                 2.6989E−13 
               
               
                   
                 5 
                 1.8432E−10 
                 −5.9132E−14 
                 −3.6062E−21 
               
               
                   
                 6 
                 3.6838E−14 
                 −2.2143E−14 
                 3.5417E−19 
               
               
                   
                 7 
                 −6.7323E−14 
                 −2.3482E−15 
                 −8.4759E−17 
               
               
                   
                 9 
                 −6.4623E−14 
                 −2.7919E−15 
                 −1.0149E−16 
               
               
                   
                 10  
                 −6.4884E−14 
                 −2.3514E−15 
                 −8.4851E−17 
               
               
                   
                 11  
                 −3.0546E−13 
                 −7.0885E−14 
                 9.3052E−16 
               
               
                   
                 12  
                 2.8315E−13 
                 −7.3306E−15 
                 −2.7237E−15 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  150 , ΔZr is −0.034, ΔZp is 0.060, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.566. Since the maximum angle of view (2maxω) of the image pickup optical system  150  is 150°, it is sufficient that the condition of the mathematical expression 2 is satisfied. Therefore, the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion can be within the depth of field. Further, as shown in  FIG. 47 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  150  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and it is possible to suppress the distortion to an acceptable level, while the distortion is likely to appear in the peripheral portion. 
     [Embodiment 15] 
     The configuration of an image pickup optical system  160  of Embodiment 15 is shown in  FIG. 48 . As in the case of the above Embodiments, Table 29 shows lens data, Table 30 shows data of aspherical surfaces, and  FIG. 49  shows the spherical aberration, astigmatism, and chromatic aberration of magnification. Additionally, the graph illustrating the degree of the distortion based on the value of (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is shown in  FIG. 50 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 29 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 f = 1.0 Fno = 1.4 2ωmax = 170° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RADIUS OF 
                 SURFACE 
                   
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 CURVATURE 
                 SEPARATION 
                 N d   
                 ν d   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 OBJ 
                 29.0057 
                 16.9570 
                   
                   
               
               
                  2 
                 10.2579 
                 1.4971 
                 1.57500 
                 32.2 
               
               
                  3 
                 8.7517 
                 5.8627 
               
               
                  4* 
                 21.0846 
                 1.1291 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                  5* 
                 1.2635 
                 1.2642 
               
               
                 APERTURE 
                 ∞ 
                 0.3829 
               
               
                 STOP 
               
               
                  7 
                 −21.3026 
                 2.1301 
                 1.80400 
                 46.6 
               
               
                  8 
                 −3.0244 
                 0.1873 
               
               
                  9 
                 7.5453 
                 1.4255 
                 1.80400 
                 46.6 
               
               
                 10 
                 −7.1995 
                 0.1865 
               
               
                 11* 
                 2.6921 
                 1.5813 
                 1.53039 
                 55.2 
               
               
                 12* 
                 −4.0858 
                 0.1806 
               
               
                 13 
                 ∞ 
                 1.0199 
                 1.55920 
                 53.9 
               
               
                 14 
                 ∞ 
                 0.0000 
               
               
                 IMG 
                 ∞ 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 30 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SURFACE 
                 K 
                 A 3   
                 A 4   
                 A 5   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −1.0000 
                 1.1806E−03 
                 6.0847E−04 
                 1.1648E−04 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.0000 
                 3.0189E−02 
                 2.9023E−02 
                 −1.1704E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 −1.0000 
                 6.2958E−03 
                 −6.0490E−03 
                 3.8647E−03 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.0000 
                 4.0413E−02 
                 1.1306E−02 
                 2.8963E−03 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 6   
                 A 7   
                 A 8   
                 A 9   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 1.1526E−05 
                 −3.1849E−07 
                 −5.5674E−07 
                 −1.9003E−07 
               
               
                  5 
                 −1.1450E−04 
                 3.8652E−03 
                 4.5996E−03 
                 3.2054E−03 
               
               
                 11 
                 1.3835E−03 
                 9.1107E−05 
                 −1.2677E−04 
                 −7.7351E−05 
               
               
                 12 
                 1.6035E−03 
                 9.4610E−04 
                 4.0676E−04 
                 9.5714E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 10   
                 A 11   
                 A 12   
                 A 13   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 −4.4059E−08 
                 −6.2540E−09 
                 3.8526E−10 
                 6.0256E−10 
               
               
                  5 
                 1.5331E−03 
                 4.4516E−04 
                 −5.1892E−05 
                 −2.0610E−04 
               
               
                 11 
                 −2.3361E−05 
                 −8.6265E−08 
                 5.3226E−06 
                 4.3320E−06 
               
               
                 12 
                 −3.5343E−05 
                 −6.5696E−05 
                 −5.5364E−05 
                 −3.5172E−05 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 SURFACE 
                 A 14   
                 A 15   
                 A 16   
                 A 17   
               
               
                   
               
               
                  4 
                 1.8528E−10 
                 1.0491E−11 
                 −3.7667E−12 
                 −6.3129E−13 
               
               
                  5 
                 −2.1831E−04 
                 −1.9444E−04 
                 −3.3983E−05 
                 −2.3424E−07 
               
               
                 11 
                 2.3286E−06 
                 8.4037E−07 
                 3.8252E−08 
                 −2.8889E−07 
               
               
                 12 
                 −1.7641E−05 
                 −5.8258E−06 
                 8.5904E−07 
                 3.9596E−06 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 SURFACE 
                 A 18   
                 A 19   
                 A 20   
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                  4 
                 −1.3027E−13 
                 −2.5007E−15 
                 3.8559E−15 
               
               
                   
                  5 
                 −1.2454E−07 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 3.9978E−20 
               
               
                   
                 11 
                 −3.6116E−07 
                 −1.7141E−08 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                 12 
                 1.5778E−07 
                 0.0000E+00 
                 0.0000E+00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In the image pickup optical system  160 , ΔZr is −0.018, ΔZp is 0.202, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.088. Although the maximum angle of view (2maxω) of the image pickup optical system  160  is 170°, both of the mathematical expressions 1 and 2 are satisfied. Therefore, the image of the object  12  including its central portion and peripheral portion can be within the depth of field. Further, as shown in  FIG. 50 , (Y(ω+Δω)−Y(ω))/Y(Δω) is more than 0.7. Therefore, the image pickup optical system  160  also satisfies the condition of the mathematical expression 3, and it is possible to suppress the distortion to an acceptable level, while the distortion is likely to appear in the peripheral portion. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 1] 
     An image of a spherical object surface is captured with its center at an entrance pupil position of an image pickup lens through a transparent cover having no optical power by an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  1 ” of the Patent Document 2. As a result, ΔZr is −0.109, and ΔZp is 0.016. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120° in this image pickup optical system, ΔZr/ΔZp is −6.683, which is outside the range of the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax, and part of the image obtained by the image capturing is outside of the depth of field. Thus, it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 2] 
     In the similar manner, an image of a spherical object surface is captured with its center at an entrance pupil position of an image pickup lens through a transparent cover having no optical power by an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  2 ” of the Patent Document 2. As a result, ΔZr is −0.010, and ΔZp is 0.017. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120°, ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.594, which is also outside the range of the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax, and part of the image obtained by the image capturing is outside of the depth of field. Thus, it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 3] 
     In the similar manner, an image of a spherical object surface is captured with its center at an entrance pupil position of an image pickup lens through a transparent cover having no optical power by an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  3 ” of the Patent Document 2. As a result, ΔZr is −0.158, and ΔZp is 0.015. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120°, ΔZr/ΔZp is −10.849, which is outside the range of the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax, and part of the image obtained by the image capturing is outside of the depth of field. Thus, it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 4] 
     In the similar manner, also in the case of using an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  4 ” of the Patent Document 2, ΔZr is −0.024, ΔZp is 0.035, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.687. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120°, the mathematical expression 1 is not satisfied. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax. As a result, part of the image obtained by the image capturing is outside of the depth of field. Thus, it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 5] 
     In the similar manner, in the case of using an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  1 ” of the Patent Document 3, ΔZr is −0.021, ΔZp is 0.031, and ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.691. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120°, the mathematical expression 1 is not satisfied. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax, and it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     [Comparative Embodiment 6] 
     In the similar manner, in the case of using an image pickup optical system shown in “appended optical system data  2 ” of the Patent Document 3, ΔZr is −0.024 and ΔZp is 0.036. Accordingly, although the maximum angle of view is less than 120°, ΔZr/ΔZp is −0.666, which is outside the range of the mathematical expression 1. Therefore, the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of 2ωmax is significantly deviated toward the object side in comparison with the position of the real image surface with respect to the light flux of ωmax, and it becomes impossible to achieve preferable image forming. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           10 : CAPSULE ENDOSCOPE 
           20 : IMAGE PICKUP OPTICAL SYSTEM 
         L 1 : FIRST LENS 
         L 2 : SECOND LENS 
         L 3 : THIRD LENS 
         L 4 : FOURTH LENS 
         L 5 : FIFTH LENS