Patent Publication Number: US-9844707-B2

Title: Lie adjustable high moment of inertia putter

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a nonprovisional application is a continuation-in-part of the U.S. application Ser. No. 14/600,034 filed Jan. 20, 2015 that claims benefit of the filing of the provisional application filed on May 15, 2013 and having Application No. 61/823,860 and further claims benefit from international application PCT/US14/37107 filed on May 7, 2014. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a putter-type golf club head with increased geometric size, increased moment of inertia, increased sole area, lie angle adjustability and decreased loft. Herein use of the word “putter” is intended to refer particularly to head of the putter. 
     Generally, increasing geometric size (linear dimensions) increases the moment of inertia for a putter head of a given mass. Herein, references to “moment of inertia” (MOI) relate to mass properties. Increasing moment of inertia increases the stability of the putter at impact and increased stability is desirable in a putter. A force is exerted on both a golf club and a golf ball when the club hits the ball. If the hit is slightly off-center (e.g., the center of mass of the golf club head is not directly behind the point on the golf club face where the club strikes the ball), then the forces will cause the golf club to twist slightly. The twisting of the golf club leads to the ball not traveling in the direction intended by the player or not rolling smoothly. Additionally, less energy is imparted to the golf ball when the putter twists. This commonly causes off-center hits to fall short of their intended target. Increasing the moment of inertia of the putter head decreases the tendency for the putter head to twist when hitting the ball. 
     The “loft” of a putter is generally understood to be the deviation of the plane of contact on a putter face from a vertical plane (the putter shaft being in the vertical plane). The standard loft on putters has decreased dramatically over time as golf greens have become better groomed and much faster than in previous times. Putters&#39; lofts in earlier times have been as high as 7 degrees. A loft of about three or four degrees is standard today. Loft on putter faces causes the golf ball to leave the putter face with an upward trajectory and with backspin. This backspin causes the ball to skid and bounce before it later begins to roll smoothly. Reducing loft will reduce backspin, skidding and bouncing. 
     The standard lie angle of putters today is about 20 degrees from vertical. The “lie angle” here follows the common understanding of the term: the angle of the shaft from the vertical (in a plane perpendicular to the intended direction of travel of the ball in play) when the putter head is placed in its intended attitude on the ground. The sole (bottom face) of most putters is curved raising both the toe and heal of the putter off of the ground when the putter is soled at its center. Testing has confirmed that most golfers are using a putter with too little lie angle causing the toe of the putter to be further raised when the ball is addressed. Golf professionals seem to prefer slightly more upright putters than the general golfing public and golf club manufacturers have designed their putters with professional golfers. Most golf putter manufacturers have been unwilling to provide custom lie angles for their putter offerings; and pro shops and retailers have been similarly unwilling to stock all of the putters of every single model in multiple lie angles. The result is that most golfers are playing with a putter that is slightly too upright and the consequence of this poorly fitted putter is that the toe is most commonly slightly raised off the ground and the heal of the putter is soled on the ground. Herein the use of the word “sole” as a verb means to place the putter on or adjacent a playing surface in an attitude to strike a ball as intended. 
     With the putter toe in the air the loft of most putter faces will cause the ball to start to left of the actual aim line of the putter (for right-handed golfers). Because of this most golfers have subliminally learned to aim slightly to the right of their intended target and then the loft of the toe high putter pulls the putt back onto the intended line. The loft on a toe high putter also induces unwanted spin on the ball. Decreasing the loft of a putter decreases the problems associated with a toe high-lofted putter. Eliminating all loft on the putter eliminates the problem entirely. 
     The curved sole design of most putters makes them very difficult to sole on the ground accurately and consistently. A flat sole of significant area will allow the golfer to more consistently align the putter. 
     In light of the above, there is a need for a putter with decreased loft, higher moment of inertia and adjustable lie angle. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a golf putter wherein the putter lie angle is infinitely variably adjustable over a range, the putter&#39;s area of contact with the ground is maximized, and the moment of inertia is increased from the conventional and adjustable. 
     The inventive putter includes a mechanism for adjusting the angle of the handle relative to the putter head in order to allow for variation of the lie angle of the putter in use. At the same time, the mass moment of inertia of the putter head is adjustable by adding or removing discrete weights to the putter head while maintaining inertia balance. Placement of the weights, at the extremes of the toe and heel ends of the putter head, provides a maximum of effect on inertia. 
     According to a preferred embodiment of the invention there is provided a putter head for a golf putter, which includes a head, a shaft receiver, a shaft and removable weights. A shaft receiver disc is positioned within the disc cavity in the putter head. The disc can rotate together with a shaft in place and be fixed at an infinite number of incremental positions by tightening screws attaching the disc compression cover to the back of the putter head. The disc can be further secured by tightening the set screws bearing against the disc in the bottom of the putter head. The range of rotation can be restricted to positions allowed (by regulation or any other criteria) by the insertion of a rotation stop pin inserted in the disc. 
     Alternatively, in one configuration of the preferred embodiment, the shaft receiver disc and shaft can be removed from the disc cavity in the putter head and reversed in orientation and reinserted in the disc cavity in the reversed orientation to provide a left-handed putter. 
     In the preferred embodiment the putter head is further comprised of weights attached to the toe and heal of the putter head. The weight and moment of inertia of the putter head can be adjusted by adding or removing weights or by changing the size and weight of weight attachments. The additional weight may be attached to the rear of base weights. In the preferred embodiment, putter head has a mass in the range of 300 grams to 650 grams. Preferably, the putter is made of a lightweight metal such as aluminum or similar metal and the weights are made of the same lightweight metal or alternatively from a heavier metal. 
     Alternatively, the putter may be formed of any of a number of plastic materials or composites or other lightweight materials. 
     A number of advantages of the inventive lie-adjustable high MOI putter include: affording a higher moment of inertia for its weight and a higher moment of inertia compared to other putters of any weight, providing for low loft angle and a very large flat sole area. The current putter can be adjusted to the lie angle that best fits any individual amateur or professional golfer. The current putter can be changed from right handed to left handed. Other benefits and novel aspects of the inventive design will be clear from the following description of specific embodiments and from the accompanying drawing figures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is an isometric view of an assembled putter and putter head according to the invention. 
         FIGS. 2 to 9  provide different views of the entire head portion, and detail sections, of the putter illustrated in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 10 to 13  illustrate components for securing a putter handle to the putter head according to the configuration of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 14 and 15  illustrate, in side view, alternative angular orientations of the putter handle in the putter head that are enabled by the configuration of the inventive putter of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 16 to 22  illustrate various components of the putter head of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIGS. 23 to 29  depict various weight components and their connecting elements of the putter head of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 30  is an isometric view of an alternative embodiment of the putter head. 
         FIG. 31  is an isometric view of a further alternative embodiment of the inventive putter. 
         FIG. 32  is an isometric view of the putter head of  FIG. 31  after removable weights have been removed. 
         FIGS. 33A to 33D  are various views of the putter head of  FIG. 31 . 
         FIG. 34  is an isometric view of a further alternative configuration of the inventive putter. 
         FIGS. 35 to 37  are exploded isometric and side views, respectively, of the configuration of  FIG. 34 . 
         FIG. 38  is an isometric view of an alternative configuration of the inventive putter with a fixed shaft. 
         FIGS. 39A and 39B  illustrate an alternative configurations of components of the inventive putter. 
         FIGS. 40 and 41  illustrate details of the shaft receiver disc and the disc compression cover in one embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The following description relates to the embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 1 to 29 . The following reference numeral list corresponds to the elements in the below description and the references provided in the accompanying drawing figures. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 List of Reference Numerals 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 10 
                 putter head 
               
               
                 11 
                 shaft 
               
               
                 12 
                 shaft receiver disc 
               
               
                 13 
                 putter head blade 
               
               
                 14 
                 base weight cylinder 
               
               
                 15 
                 additional weight cylinder 
               
               
                 16 
                 disc compression cover 
               
               
                 17 
                 alignment pin 
               
               
                 18 
                 grip 
               
               
                 20 
                 shaft disc assembly 
               
               
                 21 
                 disc cavity 
               
               
                 22 
                 shaft bore hole 
               
               
                 23 
                 rotation stop bore hole 
               
               
                 24 
                 rotation stop pin 
               
               
                 31 
                 cylinder attachment stud hole 
               
               
                 32 
                 weight reduction hole 
               
               
                 33 
                 rotation stop seat 
               
               
                 34 
                 set screw holes 
               
               
                 35 
                 set screw 
               
               
                 36 
                 putter face 
               
               
                 41 
                 weight cylinder hole 
               
               
                 42 
                 weight cylinder attachment stud 
               
               
                 51 
                 non-threaded weight cylinder hole 
               
               
                 52 
                 weight cylinder attachment screw 
               
               
                 61 
                 disc compression cover seat 
               
               
                 62 
                 disc compression cover screw hole 
               
               
                 63 
                 disc compression cover screw hole 
               
               
                 64 
                 disc compression cover attachment screw 
               
               
                 71 
                 alignment pin stud 
               
               
                 73 
                 alignment pin hole 
               
               
                 74 
                 alignment pin stud 
               
               
                 80 
                 weight support arm 
               
               
                 81 
                 blade toe end 
               
               
                 82 
                 blade heel end 
               
               
                 90 
                 first alignment indicia 
               
               
                 91 
                 second alignment indicia 
               
               
                 112 
                 alternative disc 
               
               
                 114 
                 set screws 
               
               
                 115 
                 control surface 
               
               
                 120 
                 cover seat surface 
               
               
                 122 
                 disk outer face 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The first embodiment of the putter head is illustrated as  FIG. 1  having a shaft  11 , a shaft receiver disc  12 , a putter head blade  13 , two base weight cylinders  14 , two or more additional weight cylinders  15 , two weight attachment screws  52 , a disc compression cover  16 , four disc compression cover attachment screws  64 , an alignment pin  17 , and a grip  18  ( FIG. 10 ) for holding the putter by a user. 
     The shaft  11  is comprised of a hollow tube and a grip  18 . A hollow tube potion of shaft  11  in a preferred embodiment is made of steel tubing, but may be made of graphite or other composite material. The shaft  11  may be of generally conventional design and construction except as detailed here. 
     The shaft receiver disc  12 , putter head blade  13 , disc compression cover  16 , base weight cylinders  14 , the additional weight cylinders  15  and the alignment pin  17  are preferably made of aluminum, but may be made of another metal. Alternatively, these elements may be formed of plastic or composite or other lightweight material having appropriate properties. 
     The grip  18  in a preferred embodiment is a standard golf putter grip, but may have any golf putter grip configuration and construction, particularly those sanctioned by governing bodies such as the USGA (United States Golf Association). 
     The putter face  36  is preferably planar, but may bulge forward (outward) in a convex curve. The putter face  36  forms the operative leading contact face of the putter head, whereby a golf ball is struck when a user performs a putting stroke. The putter face  36  is most preferably vertical with no loft, and preferably have a loft in the range of zero to two degrees. However, the other benefits of the inventive putter will be appreciated with greater loft angles. 
     The putter head blade  13 , disk cavity  21  and shaft receiver disc  12  should be configured to provide for a lie angle of the putter of any angle in the range of ten degrees to 26 degrees from vertical. These two angle orientations are shown in  FIGS. 14 and 15 . The angles are not expressly specified in the figures but may be discerned from the angular orientation of the shaft  11  relative to the head blade  13 . 
     The shaft disc assembly  20  in a preferred embodiment is configured to enable it to be removed from the disc cavity  21 , reversed in orientation (rotated about the shaft), and reinserted into the disc cavity  21  to change a right-handed putter into a left-handed putter. 
     The putter head blade  13  in a preferred embodiment has an overall length dimension from 5 inches to 7 inches long from the toe end  81  to heal end  82 . The base weight cylinders  14  in a preferred embodiment are from one inches to two inches in diameter, based on the need to blend with the overall size and shape of the putter head blade  13 . The overall depth of the putter from the putter face  36  to the back of the base weight cylinder or the additional weight cylinder may be in the range of 1.125 inches to 4.00 inches, although this dimension is not limiting on the inventive aspects. 
     The assembled putter head  10  in a preferred embodiment has a total weight of from 300 grams to 650 grams depending on the combination of base weight cylinders and additional weight cylinders utilized. 
     With particular reference now to  FIG. 2 , and  FIGS. 23 to 29 , the threaded weight cylinder attachment stud  42  has male threads which are threaded into the female threads in the female thread connecting stud hole  31 . The stud  42  is tightened into a fixed position in the putter head blade  13 . The stud  42  may be optionally further secured by means of epoxy or other liquid applied gluing agent. 
     A high moment of inertia is obtained in the present inventive device through an extreme configuration of weights added to the head blade  13 . Base weight cylinders  14  and additional weight cylinders  15  are secured to the head blade  13  at the extreme toe and heel ends  81 ,  82  of the head blade  13  to maximize their distance from the blade center and the intended point of contact in use. To maximize mass at these locations, the weight cylinders  14 ,  15  extend orthogonally outward from the back of the blade  13 . This enables a high inertia while maintaining a useful total weight for a putter head. 
     the base weight cylinder  14  has female threads which are threaded into the male threads of the attachment stud  42 . The base weight cylinder  14  is tightened into a fixed position on the attachment stud  42  against the back of the putter head blade  13 . The base weight cylinder  14  may be optionally further secured by means of epoxy or other liquid applied gluing agent. The additional weight cylinders  15  are attached to the base weight cylinder  14  by means of the weight cylinder attachment screw  52  ( FIG. 1 ). The weight cylinder attachment screw  52  has male threads which are threaded into the female threads of the base weight cylinder  14 . The weight cylinder attachment screws are tightened into a fixed condition into the base weight cylinder  14 . The weight cylinder attachment screws  52  may be optionally further secured by means of epoxy or other liquid applied gluing agent. 
     Alternative shapes and sizes of the weight cylinders  14 ,  15  are contemplated and may be used with similar effect and function. The cylindrical shape is advantageous for multiple reasons including maximizing the mass at the extreme extent of the blade  13  while providing a smooth outline. Similarly, the method and mechanism of securing the cylinders  14 ,  15  to the blade  13  may be altered or replaced by others providing the same function. 
     With reference to  FIG. 10  the shaft  11  is secured in the shaft receiver disc  12  by means of epoxy or other permanent fixing means; and the grip is secured to the shaft by means of double-sided tape (the grip  18  is shown separated for clarity of illustration). The rotation stop pin  24  is secured in the shaft receiver disc  12  by means of epoxy or other permanent fixing means. This combination of shaft  11  and receiver disc  12  may be alternatively provided by an integral construction or other construction combinations resulting in the same end result. 
     With particular reference to  FIGS. 1, 16 and 21  the alignment pin  17  is attached to the disc compression cover  16 . The male threaded alignment pin stud  74  is threaded into the female threads in the alignment pin hole  73 . The alignment pin  17  tightened into a normally not rotating position into the disc compression cover  16 . The alignment pin  17  may be secured by means of epoxy or other liquid applied adhesive agent. Other configurations of alignment pin  17  and securing the same to the putter head are contemplated and variations may be used without deviating from the benefits and intentions of the invention. 
     With particular reference to  FIGS. 1, 2, 14 and 15  the shaft receiver disc  12  with the shaft and rotation stop pin  24  attached is slid into the disc cavity  21  with the shaft  11  and rotation stop pin  24  sliding into the opening between the opposing rotation stop seats  33 . In this configuration, the shaft receiver disc  12  can initially freely rotate in the disc cavity  21  between the limits of the rotation stop seats  33 . Other constructions providing the same rotational movement between the shaft  11  and blade  13  and providing the same operational functions may be used with equal effect. 
     The shaft receiver disc  12  is retained in the disc cavity  21  by the disc compression cover  16 . The disc compression cover  16  is secured into place in the disc compression cover seat  61  by means of four disc compression cover attachment screws  64 . The shaft receiver disc  12  is at least 0.003″ thicker that the depth of the disc cavity  21 . This difference in dimensions causes the disc compression cover  16  to bind the circumferential edge of the shaft receiver disc  12 . The disc compression cover  16  is thin enough to bend by the force of the four disc compression cover attachment screws  64  applied at four corners of the disc compression cover  16 . This warping of the disc compression cover  16  reduces the frictional pressure on the rear surface of the shaft receiver disc  12  while at the same time increasing the frictional binding pressure at the circumferential edge of the shaft receiver disc  12 . The shaft receiver disc  12  is pinched in place at its edge rather than being restrained from rotation by simple surface friction. This is illustrated in  FIG. 40 , an enlarged section view of a portion of the putter head blade including the receiver disk  12  in the disk cavity  21  and the compression cover  16 . The disk  12  may rotate about its axis  150  during adjustment. In the figure it can be seen that the axial dimension (thickness) DT of the disc  21  is slightly greater than the disc cavity depth CD. The cavity depth CD extends axially from the bottom  123  of the disc cavity  21  to the seating surface  120 . The seating surface  120  is formed on the head blade  13  and is configured to receive the compression cover  16 . The receiver disk  12  extends axially outside the cavity  21  such that the outer face  122  of the receiver disc  12  is outside the plane of the seating surface  120 . The difference between the axial dimension DT and the cavity depth CD is the interference dimension ID. The interference dimension ID must be greater than zero and large enough that when the compression cover  16  is in contact with the outer face  122  and unsecured there is a gap between portions  116  of the compression cover  16  that extend beyond the disk  12  and the seating surface  120 . When the attachment screws  64  are then fully engaged, the compression cover portions  116  are deformed to allow them to reach and contact the seating surface  120 , thereby establishing a rigid connection. The deformation (warping) of the compression cover  16  results in increased compression force at the perimeter of the outer face  122 . This deformation is illustrated in the figure wherein the compression cover  16  is “bowed” up at the center in reaction while the compression cover  16  is bent downward over the perimeter of the disk  12 . This “pinching” action provides a needed rigidity not otherwise obtainable. The interference dimension ID must not be too large, otherwise it will not be possible to fully engage the compression cover  16  with the seating surface  120 , resulting in a unstable condition. The interference dimension ID must be no more than a small fraction of the thickness of the compression cover  16  so that the compression cover  16  is not plastically deformed when fully secured. The interference dimension should at least 0.0030 inches and no greater than 0.0070 inches for these reasons.  FIG. 41  is a further enlargement of the compression cover  16  and disk  12  at the perimeter where the described pinching occurs. In this figure, the compression cover  16  is in contact with the disk  12  prior to deformation to enable contact with the cover seat surface  120 . The gap between the compression cover  16  and cover seat surface  120  is not to scale but emphasized for clarity. 
     A function of the compression cover  16  is to provide a device and means of providing adjustable frictional constraint to relative rotation of the disc  12  within the cavity  21 . This enables user adjustment of the lie angle as described in the following. 
     During an adjustment of the lie angle of the putter, the disc compression cover attachment screws  64  are partially loosened to allow rotation of the shaft receiver disc  12  in the shaft disc cavity  21 . This allows controlled rotation of the disc  12  while maintaining its location within the cavity  21 . When the desired lie angle is determined and established, the disc compression cover attachment screws can be tightened which eliminates rotation. Once the disc compression cover  16  is secured, set screws  35  located in the bottom of the putter blade  13  can be tightened. With both the set screws  35  and disc compression cover attachment screws  64  fully tightened the shaft receiver disc can no longer rotate at all and the lie angle is locked. 
     Together, the disc compression cover  16  and the screws  35  provide attachment means that provide adjustable and also rigid securing of the shaft  11  to the blade  13 . Other devices and mechanisms that provide the same or equal function and result are contemplated and further devices and mechanism may become obvious to those skilled in the art or be developed in the further. 
     Accordingly, the invention includes putter embodiments having:
         A golf putter head having:
           a putter blade with a striking face,   a cylindrical disc cavity behind the striking face,   a cylindrical shaft receiving disc which can be inserted into the disc cavity, and capable of rotation in the disc cavity for lie angle adjustment,   said shaft receiving disc having a shaft bore hole and a putter shaft installed in the said shaft bore hole,   said shaft receiving disc having a rotation stop bore hole and the rotation stop pin installed in the rotation stop bore hole, said rotation stop limiting the rotation of the shaft receiving disc,   said disc cavity being open to the top of the putter blade, and said opening in the putter blade formed by opposing rotation stop seats that obstruct the rotation of the shaft on the proximal side of the hole into the disc cavity and obstructs the rotation of the rotation stop pin on the distal side of the hole into the disc cavity,   said rotation stop seats together limiting the lie angle to from 10 degrees from vertical to 26 degrees from vertical,   
           said disc cavity also being open to the rear of the putter blade, with the rear opening of the disc cavity covered by a disc compression cover incised into the back of the putter blade,
           said disc compression cover being attached to the putter head by means of four screws, limiting the rotation of the shaft receiving disc,   
           said disc cavity also having two holes through the bottom of the disc cavity and through the bottom of the putter blade for the insertion of two set screws,
           said set screws being the primary means for securing the shaft receiving disc in the required rotation for a desired lie angle,   said putter blade having a holes bored in the back of the putter blade for the attachment of cylindrical weights onto the proximal (heel) and distal (toe) ends of the putter blade back,   
           said cylindrical weights having a hole bored through the weight center for the insertion of a threaded stud, with the said threaded stud being inserted also into the hole in the back of the putter blade,   said cylindrical weight alternatively having a non-threaded through which a screw is inserted into the hole in the back of the putter blade,   said putter head being flat on the bottom with all elements on a single plane,
           putter head has an indicium on top of the putter head 1.68 inches wide.   
               

       FIG. 30  illustrates an alternative configuration of the putter in which base weights are not included but rather the additional weight cylinders  15  are secured directly to the putter head blade  13 . This configuration is otherwise equal to that described above but may be applied were less added weight is needed, or otherwise a single set of weights is sufficient. 
       FIGS. 31 to 33D  depict a further alternative configuration of the inventive putter. In this configuration similar weights are provided at the extreme ends  81 ,  82  of the head blade  13  to maximize their distance from the blade center and the intended point of contact in use. To maximize mass at these locations, weight cylinders  15  extend upward in a vertical stack from a weight support arm  80 . The support arm  80  extends outward horizontally from the back of the blade  13  and includes a mechanism to secure the weight cylinders  15 . In the configuration shown, an attachment screw  52  is used to secure the cylinders  15  to the support arm  80 , in the same manner as described above. The support arm  80  is preferably formed integral with the blade  13 . It should be understood that the orientation of the weight cylinders  15  in the various configurations of the invention is not critical if their relative center of mass location is the same. In this way, the configuration of  FIG. 31  is equivalent to that of  FIG. 1 . 
       FIGS. 34 to 37  depict a further alternative configuration of the inventive putter and putter head  10 . This configuration incorporates the same putter blade  13  and base weight cylinders  14  as the configuration depicted in  FIGS. 1 to 29 . The base weight cylinders  14  are formed separate but preferably permanently secured to extend backward (in a direction opposite to the outward normal of the putter face  36 ) in the same location as discussed previously. They may be secured via threaded fasteners and permanent bonding adhesive or an equivalent that provides rigid joining. A set of additional weight cylinders  15  may be removably secured by center threaded fasteners such as the attachment screw  52 . Other devices and mechanisms to provide an equivalent securing are also contemplated. 
     Two alignment indicia  90 ,  91  are used to provide visual alignment cues to a user. Each is secured to the top of one of the base weight cylinders  14  in a common manner and particular location relative to the head face  36 . The two alignment indicia  90 ,  91  are configured, located and secured such that during appropriate placement of the putter in use, the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  have a common vertical visual projection. This visual projection should be visually contrasting with respect to all other elements of the putter head  10 . This may be accomplished by using contrasting colors, preferably with the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  having either a white or light metallic color and the other elements having darker surface color. The alignment indicia  90 ,  91  should be located a common distance rearward from the plane of the head face  36  and symmetrically distanced on the two sides (toe-ward and heel-ward) of the intended strike point on the head face  36 . The vertical projection of the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  is preferably circular and approximately with a diameter equal that of a regulation golf ball—typically about 1.7 inches, although somewhat smaller and larger diameters will function similarly. The vertical projection may be formed of a circular horizontal planar surface of the alignment indicia as shown in the figures, or other surface shapes appearing circular in vertical projection. 
     Using the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  as described, a user looking downward onto the inventive putter head  10 , that is aligned with a golf ball in preparation of striking it, is induced to see and coordinate in their mind the location of the  90 ,  91  with the golf ball. Due to the symmetric location of the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  and their clearly discerned location, the user will naturally align the putter head  10  in the desired orientation: with the putter face  36  perpendicular to the desired golf ball travel path. 
     Each alignment indicia  90 ,  91  preferably has a concave cylindrical backside face to mate with the curved perimeter sides of the base weight cylinders as shown. Preferably, the each alignment indicia  90 ,  91  would be weightless to eliminate influence on the mass properties of the head  10 . Toward this goal, the alignment indicia  90 ,  91  should be formed of very light weight material that is also resistant to weathering. Low density metals such as aluminum or plastics may be used. Each balancing saddle weight is preferably secured permanently to a respective base weight cylinder  14  using permanent adhesive or equivalent material, device or mechanism. 
       FIG. 38  illustrates an alternative configuration of a putter according to the invention. The putter head includes a head blade  13  that is rigidly secured to or integral with the shaft  11 . The previously described structures and elements providing for relative angular adjustment of the shaft  11 , such as the shaft receiving disk and compression cover ( 12 ,  16   FIGS. 1, 31 ) are not included. The weight balancing elements and operations described respecting the prior configurations are functional and beneficial in a putter not having shaft adjustment. In this exemplary configuration, the same weight support arm  80  and cylinders  15  are included and function in the manner described above. 
       FIGS. 39A and 39B  illustrate an alternative configuration of the shaft receiver disc  12  discussed above. The two figures illustrate two exemplary alternative angular orientations of an alternative disc  112  within a putter head  10 . The figures provide a detailed partial section view of the putter head  10 . The essential form and function of this alternate disc  112  is the same, but it includes distinct features for controlling the relative angular orientation of the alternative disc  112  together with the attached shaft  11 . First, the alternate disc  112  includes a control surface  115  as a flat surface formed through a chord line across the circular cross-section of the disc body. The plane of the control surface  115  is preferably about 70 degrees from the centerline of the shaft  11  (and from the shaft-receiving hole in the disc). This angle establishes the relative angle of the shaft  11  to the head  10  when fully assembled as intended. The alternative disc  112  is received in the disc cavity  21  in the same manner as described above. The cavity  21  includes a flat bottom portion that, in cooperation with the control surface  115 , defines limits to the range of rotation of the alternative disc  112 . This angular control is fixed by the geometry of the respective elements. 
     A second feature for controlling the angular orientation of the disc  112  are two rigid stops in the form of set screws  114  that each extend from the body of the head  10  and into the disc cavity  21  towards the control surface  115 . The function of the set screws  114  is to provide a positive interference with the control surface  115  to prevent rotation of the alternative disc  112  when in an adjusted fixed condition. The particulars of the position and length of the set screw  114  may vary and depend on the specific geometry of the control surface  115 . In use, the alternative disc  112  is located in the desired rotational position, aided by the cooperating control surface  115  and set screws  114 , and then secured for use in the same manner as detailed previously. Because each set screw  114  is adjustable, the angular orientation of the alternative disc  112  may be set or limited at a variety of different positions. 
     Other configurations and devices for accomplishing the same or equivalent inventive functions and results as described in the above examples are contemplated and will be discernable from the above discussion and the teachings herein.