Patent Publication Number: US-2021178330-A1

Title: Method For Manufacturing hollow fiber membrane module and Hollow Fiber membrane module manufactured by same

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a method of manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module using an openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge and a hollow fiber membrane module manufactured by the same. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     A fuel cell is a power generation cell that combines hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. Such a fuel cell has advantages in that it is possible to continuously generate electricity as long as hydrogen and oxygen are supplied, unlike a general chemical cell, such as a dry cell or a storage cell, and in that there is no heat loss, whereby efficiency of the fuel cell is about twice as high as efficiency of an internal combustion engine. 
     In addition, the fuel cell directly converts chemical energy generated by combination of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, whereby the volume of contaminants that are discharged is small. Consequently, the fuel cell has advantages in that the fuel cell is environmentally friendly and in that concern about depletion of resources due to an increase in energy consumption can be reduced. 
     Based on the kind of an electrolyte that is used, such a fuel cell may be generally classified as a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), or an alkaline fuel cell (AFC). 
     These fuel cells are operated fundamentally by the same principle, but are different from each other terms of the kind of fuel that is used, operating temperature, catalyst, and electrolyte. Among these fuel cells, the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is known as being the most favorable to a transportation system as well as small-scale stationary power generation equipment, since the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is operated at a lower temperature than the other fuel cells and the output density of the polymer electrolyte membrane cell is high, whereby it is possible to miniaturize the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. 
     One of the most important factors to improve the performance of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is to supply a predetermined amount or more of moisture to a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) (also referred to as a proton exchange membrane) of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) in order to retain water content. The reason for this is that, in the case in which the polymer electrolyte membrane becomes dry, power generation efficiency is abruptly reduced. 
     1) A bubbler humidification method of filling a pressure-resistant container with water and allowing a target gas to pass through a diffuser in order to supply moisture, 2) a direct injection method of calculating the amount of moisture to be supplied that is necessary for fuel cell reaction and directly supplying moisture to a gas stream pipe through a solenoid valve, and 3) a humidification membrane method of supplying moisture to a gas fluid bed using a polymer separation membrane are used as methods of humidifying the polymer electrolyte membrane. 
     Among these methods, the humidification membrane method, which provides water vapor to a gas that is supplied to the polymer electrolyte membrane using a membrane configured to selectively transmit only water vapor included in an exhaust gas in order to humidify the polymer electrolyte membrane, is advantageous in that it is possible to reduce the weight and size of a humidifier. 
     An the case in which a module is formed, a hollow fiber membrane having large transmission area per unit volume is preferably used as the selective transmission membrane used in the humidification membrane method. That is, in the case in which a membrane humidifier is manufactured using a hollow fiber membrane, high integration of the hollow fiber membranes having large contact surface area is possible, whereby it is possible to sufficiently humidify a fuel cell even in the case of a small capacity, it is possible to use a low-priced material, and it is possible to collect moisture and heat included in a non-reaction gas discharged from the fuel cell at a high temperature and to reuse the collected moisture and heat through the humidifier. 
     In the case of the humidifier using the hollow fiber membrane, however, a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is integrated in order to increase the capacity of the humidifier. In this case, the flow of a gas that flows outside the hollow fiber membranes is not uniform in the entirety of the humidifier due to resistance caused by the highly integrated hollow fiber membranes. 
     In order to solve this, a hollow fiber membrane module is configured to have a plurality of cartridges, which is mounted in a membrane humidifier housing in order to achieve uniform flow of a gas. That is, a hollow fiber membrane bundle is housed in each cartridge, and a plurality of cartridges is mounted in the membrane humidifier housing such that a gas introduced into the membrane humidifier housing flows in the cartridges, whereby the flow of the gas is uniform. 
     However, a conventional cartridge system has the following problems in manufacture. 
     The conventional cartridge system uses a closed type cartridge that is open at the upper and lower surfaces thereof and is closed at the side surface thereof. Consequently, hollow fiber membranes in a dry state must be inserted into the cartridge in a longitudinal direction of the cartridge in the state in which the cartridge is stood on end. In the case in which hollow fiber membranes in a dry state are inserted into the cartridge, the hollow fiber membranes are bent during insertion thereof. 
     In a process of inserting a plurality of hollow fiber membranes in a dry state into the cartridge, hollow fiber membranes are damaged due to various causes, such as friction between hollow fiber membranes that have already been inserted and hollow fiber membranes that are being inserted or disturbance occurring during insertion of hollow fiber membranes. 
     Also, in order to insert hollow fiber membranes in a dry state into the cartridge without damage thereto, the hollow fiber membranes must be inserted somewhat sparsely, whereby the packing density (PD) of the hollow fiber membranes is reduced. 
     Also, in order to insert hollow fiber membranes into the cartridge without damage thereto, it is necessary for a worker to carefully insert the hollow fiber membranes into the cartridge, which leads to an increase in process time and manpower requirement. 
     DISCLOSURE 
     Technical Problem 
     The present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present disclosure to provide a method of manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module capable of preventing damage to a hollow fiber membrane bundle and a decrease in packing density of the hollow fiber membrane bundle caused in a process of inserting the hollow fiber membrane bundle into a cartridge and capable of reducing process time and manpower requirement and a hollow fiber membrane module manufactured by the same. 
     Technical Solution 
     A method of manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: 
     preparing a hollow fiber membrane cartridge; opening the hollow fiber membrane cartridge; disposing hollow fiber membranes in the opened hollow fiber membrane cartridge; and closing the hollow fiber membrane cartridge having the hollow fiber membranes disposed therein. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge may include a body unit having a mesh unit formed at each of the upper part and the lower part thereof and a locking unit configured to fasten the body unit in a hinged fashion. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover formed at one side of the body unit and a locking protrusion formed at the other side of the body unit so as to protrude therefrom. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover configured to open the entire surface of one side of the body unit and a locking protrusion formed on the body unit so as to protrude therefrom. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower surface of the body unit, both side surfaces of the body unit, and the lower side of the upper surface of the body unit may be integrally formed, and 
     the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be capable of being separated from one of the side surfaces of the body unit so as open the body unit in one direction. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge may include a body unit having a mesh unit formed at each of the upper part and the lower part thereof and a locking unit configured to fasten the body unit in a sliding fashion. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover configured to slide along one side of the body unit in order to open or close the body unit and a sliding groove formed at the one side of the body unit such that the locking cover can slide along the sliding groove. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the body unit may be formed so as to be dividable into an upper surface and a lower surface, one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the body unit may be a locking cover configured to slide along the other surface in order to open or close the body unit, and 
     the other surface may be provided with a sliding groove configured to allow the locking cover to slide tberealong. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower surface of the body unit, both side surfaces of the body unit, and the lower side of the upper surface of the body unit may be integrally formed, the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be formed so as to be capable of being separated from the side surfaces of the body unit, the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be a locking cover configured to slide in order to open or close the body unit, and the lower surface of the body unit may be provided with a sliding groove configured to allow the upper side of the upper surface to slide therealong. 
     In the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the mesh unit may include a plurality of ribs configured to guide the flow direction of a fluid and a window formed so as to be surrounded by the plurality of ribs, wherein the corner curvature of each of the ribs may be 0.7 or more. 
     
       
     
     A hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes: 
     a housing unit including a first fluid inlet, a first fluid outlet, a second fluid inlet, and a second fluid outlet; and at least one openable cartridge installed in the housing unit, the openable cartridge having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes housed therein. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge may include a body unit having a mesh unit formed at each of the upper part and the lower part thereof and a locking unit configured to fasten the body unit in a hinged fashion. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover formed at one side of the body unit and a locking protrusion formed at the other side of the body unit so as to protrude therefrom. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover configured to open the entire surface of one side of the body unit and a locking protrusion formed on the body unit so as to protrude therefrom. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower surface of the body unit, both side surfaces of the body unit, and the lower side of the upper surface of the body unit may be integrally formed, and the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be capable of being separated from one of the side surfaces of the body unit so as to open the body unit in one direction. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge may include a body unit having a mesh unit formed at each of the upper part and the lower part thereof and a locking unit configured to fasten the body unit in a sliding fashion. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the locking unit may include a locking cover configured to slide along one side of the body unit in order to open or close the body unit and a sliding groove formed at the one side of the body unit such that the locking cover can slide along the sliding groove. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the body unit may be formed so as to be dividable into an upper surface and a lower surface, one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the body unit may be a locking cover configured to slide along the other surface in order to open or close the body unit, and the other surface may be provided with a sliding groove configured to allow the locking cover to slide therealong. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lower surface of the body unit, both side surfaces of the body unit, and the lower side of the upper surface of the body unit may be integrally formed, the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be formed so as to be capable of being separated from the side surfaces of the body unit, the upper side of the upper surface of the body unit may be a locking cover configured to slide in order to open or close the body unit, and the lower surface of the body unit may be provided with a sliding groove configured to allow the upper side of the upper surface to slide therealong. 
     In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the mesh unit may include a plurality of ribs configured to guide the flow direction of a fluid and a window formed so as to be surrounded by the plurality of ribs, wherein the corner curvature of each of the ribs may be 0.7 or more. 
     
       
     
     The details of other embodiments according to various aspects of the present disclosure are included in the following detailed description of the present disclosure. 
     Advantageous Effects 
     According to embodiments of the present disclosure, hollow fiber membranes are disposed in the state in which a cartridge is open, whereby it is possible to prevent damage to hollow fiber membranes caused when the hollow fiber membranes are inserted into the cartridge as in the conventional art. 
     In addition, since there is no concern of hollow fiber membranes being damaged during disposition thereof, it is possible to dispose hollow fiber membranes in the cartridge at higher density than in the conventional art, whereby it is possible to increase packing density (PD) of a hollow fiber membrane bundle. 
     In addition, it is sufficient to appropriately dispose the hollow fiber membranes in the opened cartridge, whereby it is possible to reduce worker labor more than in the case in which the hollow fiber membranes are inserted into a closed type cartridge, and therefore it is possible to reduce process time and manpower requirement. 
     Also, in a conventional hollow fiber membrane insertion process, dried hollow fiber membranes must be used in order to insert hollow fiber membranes into a closed type cartridge. In the present disclosure, however, hollow fiber membranes are not inserted into the cartridge but are disposed in the cartridge in an open state. Consequently, it is possible to dispose not only hollow fiber membranes in a wet state but also hollow fiber membranes in a dry state in the cartridge. 
     In addition, conventionally, a separate mesh net is necessary to prevent the hollow fiber membranes from being cut. In the cartridge according to the present disclosure, however, a mesh unit is included, whereby it is possible to prevent the hollow fiber membranes from being cut, and therefore no separate mesh net is necessary. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view showing an example of an openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge used in the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view showing the state in which the openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge of  FIG. 2  is open (unfolded). 
         FIGS. 4 to 9  are perspective views showing various embodiments of the openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge. 
         FIG. 10  is a sectional view taken along line A-A′ of  FIG. 2 , showing the flow direction of a fluid that is introduced through a mesh unit. 
         FIG. 11  is an exploded perspective view showing a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     BEST MODE 
     The present disclosure may be changed in various manners and may have various embodiments, wherein specific embodiments will be illustrated and described in detail in the following detailed description. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the present disclosure includes all modifications, equivalents, or substitutions included in the idea and technical scope of the present disclosure. 
     
       
     
     The terms used in the present disclosure are provided only to describe the specific embodiments, and do not limit the present disclosure. Singular forms are intended to include plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms “includes,” “has,” etc. specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof described in the specification, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof. Hereinafter, fuel cell membrane humidifiers according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     
       
     
       FIG. 1  is a flowchart showing a method of manufacturing a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 2  is a perspective view showing an example of an openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge used in the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure,  FIG. 3  is a plan view showing the state in which the openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge of  FIG. 2  is open (unfolded).  FIGS. 4 to 9  are perspective views showing various embodiments of the openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge. 
     
       
     
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , the method of manufacturing the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a step of preparing a hollow fiber membrane cartridge ( 3100 ), a step of opening the hollow fiber membrane cartridge (S 200 ), a step of disposing hollow fiber membranes in the opened hollow fiber membrane cartridge (S 300 ), and a step of closing the hollow fiber membrane cartridge having the hollow fiber membranes disposed therein (S 400 ). 
     
       
     
     First, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge is prepared (S 100 ). 
     The hollow fiber membrane cartridge used in the present disclosure is an openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge  100  (hereinafter referred to as a “cartridge”) shown in each of  FIGS. 2 to 9 . The cartridge  100  includes a body unit  110  having a mesh unit  130  formed at each of the upper and lower parts thereof and a locking unit  120  configured to fasten the body unit  110 . 
     In the cartridge  100  shown in each of  FIGS. 2 to 5 , a hinge type locking unit  120  fastens the body unit  110 . In the cartridge  100  shown in each of  FIGS. 6 to 9 , at least a portion of the body unit  110  is capable of being separated, and a sliding type locking unit  120  couples and fastens the body unit  110 . 
     
       
     
     First, the cartridge including the hinge type locking unit  120  will be described with reference to  FIGS. 2 to 5 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3 , the body unit  110  may be formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape rounded at both side surfaces thereof, a cylindrical shape having a circular section, or an oval cylindrical shape having an oval section. This is only an illustration of the shape of the body unit  110 , and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The body unit  110  is preferably made of a material that has high dimensional stability, high resin flowability, and high resistance to thermal deformation. Examples of such a material include polycarbonate (PC), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), and nylon. The body unit  110  includes a folding portion  111  configured to allow the cartridge  100  to be unfolded when the state in which the body unit  110  is locked by the locking unit  120  is released. The folding portion  111  is a groove formed inside the body unit  110 . For example, the folding portion  111  may be a V-shaped groove or a U-shaped groove. 
     The body unit  110  includes a separation-preventing hook  112  configured to prevent the cartridge  100  from being separated from a housing unit  200  (see  FIG. 12 ) when the cartridge  100  is inserted into the housing unit  200 . The separation-preventing hook  112  may be formed in the shape of a protrusion formed on at least one of the upper surface or the lower surface of the body unit  110  so as to protrude a predetermined length therefrom. 
     The locking unit  120  may be formed at one side surface of the body unit  110 . The locking unit  120  includes a locking cover  121  connected to one side of the body unit  110  and a locking protrusion  122  formed at the other side of the body unit  110  so as to protrude therefrom. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The locking unit  120  may include a locking protrusion (not shown) formed on the locking cover  121  and a locking recess (not shown) formed in the body unit such that the locking protrusion is inserted into the locking recess. 
     
       
     
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , the locking unit  120  may be configured to open the entire surface of one side of the body unit  110 . In this case, the locking unit  120  includes a locking cover  121  configured to open or close the entire surface of one side of the body unit  110  and a locking protrusion  122  formed on the body unit  110  so as to protrude therefrom. In this case, it is not necessary to form the folding portion  111  at the body unit  110 , whereby it is possible to improve durability of the cartridge  100 . 
     
       
     
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , the locking unit  120  may be configured to open a portion of the upper surface of the body unit  110  in one direction. In this case, the lower surface and both side surfaces of the body unit  110  are integrally formed, the lower side  113  of the upper surface is formed integrally with the side surfaces of the body unit  110 , and the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit is capable of being separated from one of the side surfaces of the body unit  110  so as to open the body unit in one direction in a hinged fashion. That is, the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit  110  is formed so as to be rotatable with a predetermined angle about the other side surface of the body unit  110  as an axis. In this case, the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit  110  may perform the function of a locking cover, a locking protrusion (not shown) may be formed on the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit  110 , and a locking recess (not shown) may be formed in a portion corresponding thereto. Of course, a locking recess may be formed in the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit  110 , and a locking protrusion may be formed on a portion corresponding thereto. 
     
       
     
     Next, the cartridge including the sliding type locking unit  120  will be described with reference to  FIGS. 6 to 9 . As shown in  FIGS. 6 to 9 , the locking unit  120  may be configured to slide along at least a portion of the body unit  110 . 
     
       
     
     In the cartridge  100  shown in  FIG. 6 , the locking unit  120  slides along one side of the body unit  110  in order to open or close the body unit  110 . One side surface of the body  110  may be capable of being separated in order to form the locking unit  120 . The locking unit  120  may include a locking cover  121  configured to slide along one side of the body unit  110  in an upward-downward direction in order to open or close the body unit  110  and a sliding groove  123  formed at the one side of the body unit such that the locking cover can slide along the sliding groove. As shown, the locking cover  121  may be formed in a curved shape. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In this case, it is not necessary to form the folding portion  111  at the body unit  110 , whereby it is possible to improve durability of the cartridge  100 . 
     
       
     
     In the cartridge  100  shown in  FIG. 7 , the body unit  110  is formed so as to be dividable into an upper surface  110   a  and a lower surface  110   b.  At least one of the upper surface  110   a  or the lower surface  110   b  performs the function of a locking cover. For example, the upper surface  110   a  of the body unit  110  may be a locking cover. In this case, a sliding groove  123  may be formed in the lower surface  110   b  of the body unit  110  such that the upper surface  110   a  can slide along the sliding groove. At this time, the locking unit  120  may include the upper surface  110   a  of the body unit  110  and the sliding groove  123 . Even in this case, it is not necessary to form the folding portion  111  at the body unit  110 , whereby it is possible to improve durability of the cartridge  100 . In particular, the cartridge  100  of  FIG. 7  is useful when hollow fiber membranes in a wet state are inserted into the cartridge  100 . 
     
       
     
     In the cartridge  100  shown in  FIG. 8 , the locking unit  120  is configured to open a portion of the upper surface of the body unit  110 , in a similar manner to  FIG. 5  The lower surface and both side surfaces of the body unit  110  are integrally formed, the lower side  113  of the upper surface of the body unit is formed integrally with the side surfaces of the body unit  110 , and the upper side  114  of the upper surface is capable of being separated from the side surfaces of the body unit  110  so as to open the body unit in a sliding fashion. The upper side  114  of the upper surface may perform the function of a locking cover. A sliding groove  123  may be formed in a portion of the lower surface  110   b  of the body unit  110  such that the upper side  114  of the upper surface can slide along the sliding groove At this time, the locking unit  120  may include the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit and the sliding groove  123 . Even in this case, it is not necessary to form the folding portion  111  at the body unit  110 , whereby it is possible to improve durability of the cartridge  100 . 
     In the case in which hollow fiber membranes in a dry state are inserted into the cartridge of  FIG. 7 , the hollow fiber membranes in the dry state are inserted in an amount equivalent to only about half the capacity of the cartridge when the hollow fiber membranes are inserted higher than the height of the lower surface  110   b,  since there is no structure capable of supporting the hollow fiber membranes. In the case in which hollow fiber membranes in a dry state are inserted into the cartridge of  FIG. 8 , on the other hand, it is possible to insert the hollow fiber membranes in the dry state in an amount equivalent to the capacity of the cartridge, since the lower side  113  of the upper surface integrally formed with the lower surface  110   b  serves as a structure capable of supporting the hollow fiber membranes in the dry state. Even in the case in which the cartridge of  FIG. 7  is used, hollow fiber membranes in a wet state may be inserted into the cartridge in an amount equivalent to the capacity of the cartridge since the hollow fiber membranes in the wet state are united with each other due to moisture. 
     
       
     
       FIG. 9  exemplarily shows the case in which the body unit  110  of the cartridge  100  is generally formed in a cylindrical shape. Similarly to  FIGS. 6 to 8 , a portion of the cylinder may be capable of being separated in order to form a locking cover, half of the cylinder may be capable of being separated in order to form a locking cover, or a portion of the cylinder may be integrally formed while the remaining portion of the cylinder may be capable of being separated in order to form a locking cover, and a sliding groove may be formed at a position corresponding to the locking cover. The locking cover and the sliding groove may constitute a locking unit. However, this is merely one illustration, and the shape of the body unit  110  of the cartridge  100  is not limited thereto. 
     
       
     
     A mesh unit  130  is formed at each of the upper part and the lower part of the body unit  110 . The mesh unit  130  allows a second fluid introduced through a second fluid inlet  231 , a description of which will follow, to be introduced into the cartridge  100  through windows  132  such that moisture exchange is performed between the second fluid and a first fluid introduced through a first fluid inlet  221  in the cartridge  100 . The mesh unit  130  may prevent a portion of the introduced second fluid from directly colliding with the hollow fiber membranes disposed in the cartridge  100 , whereby it is possible to prevent damage to the hollow fiber membranes. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , each rib constituting the mesh unit  130  may guide the flow direction of the introduced second fluid, whereby it is possible to prevent damage to the hollow fiber membrane bundle located immediately below each rib  131 . At this time, the extent to which the hollow fiber membrane bundle is damaged is changed depending on the corner curvature of each rib  131 . Test results are shown in Table 1 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 R 
                 Number of cut fiber membranes 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 0.3 
                 23 of 1800 fiber membranes 
               
               
                   
                 0.5 
                 19 of 1800 fiber membranes 
               
               
                   
                 0.7 
                  8 of 1800 fiber membranes 
               
               
                   
                 0.9 
                 None of 1800 fiber membranes 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Referring to Table 1 above, it is preferable that the corner curvature R of each rib  131  be 0.7 or more. In the case in which the corner curvature R is equal to or less than 0.5, 1% or more of the total number of hollow fiber membranes is cut, which may adversely affect overall humidification efficiency. In the case in which the corner curvature R is equal to or greater than 0.7, on the other hand, only a few of the hollow fiber membranes are cut, and therefore the effect thereof on overall humidification efficiency is insignificant. 
     The length L 2 +L 3  of the mesh unit  130  is set so as to be equivalent to 10 to 70% of the overall length L 1  of the cartridge, and the total area of the windows  132  formed so as to be surrounded by the ribs  131  is set so as to be equivalent to 30 to 70% of the overall area of the cartridge. In the case in which the total area of the windows  132  exceeds 70% of the overall area of the cartridge, the size of the space in which the second fluid introduced through the second fluid inlet  231  is capable of transferring moisture through the hollow fiber membranes is reduced, which adversely affects overall humidification efficiency. 
     Meanwhile, conventionally, a separate mesh net is necessary to prevent the hollow fiber membranes from being cut. In the cartridge  100  according to the present disclosure, however, the mesh unit  130  is included, whereby it is possible to prevent the hollow fiber membranes from being cut, and therefore no separate mesh net is necessary. 
     
       
     
     Subsequently, the cartridge  100  prepared as described above is opened (S 200 ). 
     In the case of the cartridge including the hinge type locking unit, as shown in  FIGS. 2 to 5 , the locking unit  120  formed at the side surface of the body unit  110  is pulled to release the coupled state between the locking cover  121  and the locking protrusion  122  and thus to open the body unit  110 . 
     In the case of the cartridge including the sliding type locking unit, as shown in  FIGS. 6 to 9 , the locking cover is slid in one direction to open the side surface of the body unit  110 . 
     
       
     
     Subsequently, hollow fiber membranes are disposed in the cartridge  100  in the state in which the hollow fiber membrane cartridge  100  is open (S 300 ). At this time, hollow fiber membranes in a dry state may be disposed. Alternatively, hollow fiber membranes in a wet state may be disposed. 
     Hollow fiber membranes are washed and are then sufficiently dried. The hollow fiber membranes in a dry state are disposed in the cartridge  100 . The hollow fiber membranes are disposed in the right part of the body unit  110  (the part of the body unit at which the locking cover is formed) in an open state, shown in  FIG. 3 . 
     Meanwhile, in the case in which the locking unit  120  is configured to open the entire surface of one side of the body unit  110 , as shown in  FIG. 4 , or in the case in which the locking unit  120  is configured to slide along one side of the body unit  110 , as shown in  FIG. 6 , the entire surface of one side of the body unit  110  may be opened, the cartridge  100  may be positioned such that the opened entire surface of one side of the body unit  110  faces upwards, and hollow fiber membranes H may be inserted into the cartridge  100  such that the longitudinal direction of each of the hollow fiber membranes is parallel to the opened side of the body unit  110 , whereby the hollow fiber membranes may be easily disposed in the cartridge  100 . 
     Meanwhile, in the case in which the locking unit  120  is configured to open a portion of the upper surface of the body unit  110  in one direction, as shown in  FIG. 5 or 8 , the upper side  114  of the upper surface of the body unit  110  is opened, and hollow fiber membranes in a dry state or a wet state are disposed in the opened portion of the body unit. 
     Meanwhile, in the case in which the upper surface  110   a  of the body unit is slid so as open the body unit, as shown in  FIG. 7 , the upper surface  110   a  of the body unit is opened, and hollow fiber membranes in a wet state are disposed in the opened portion of the body unit. 
     According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, the hollow fiber membranes are disposed in the cartridge in the state in which the cartridge is open, and therefore damage to the hollow fiber membranes, which occurs when the hollow fiber membranes are inserted into a closed type cartridge, as in the conventional art, does not occur. 
     In addition, there is no concern of the hollow fiber membranes being damaged during disposition of the hollow fiber membranes. Consequently, it is possible to dispose the hollow fiber membranes in the cartridge at higher density than in the conventional art, whereby it is possible to improve packing density (PD) of the hollow fiber membrane bundle. 
     In addition, it is sufficient to appropriately dispose the hollow fiber membranes in the opened cartridge, whereby it is possible to reduce worker labor more than in the case in which the hollow fiber membranes are inserted into a closed type cartridge, and therefore it is possible to reduce process time and manpower requirement. 
     Meanwhile, in the case in which an openable cartridge is used, as in the present disclosure, hollow fiber membranes may be washed, and then the hollow fiber membranes in a wet state may be disposed in the cartridge  100  without being dried. That is, in a conventional hollow fiber membrane insertion process, dried hollow fiber membranes must be used in order to insert hollow fiber membranes into a closed type cartridge. In the present disclosure, however, hollow fiber membranes are not inserted into a cartridge but are disposed in the cartridge in an open state. Consequently, it is possible to dispose not only hollow fiber membranes in a wet state but also hollow fiber membranes in a dry state in the cartridge. 
     
       
     
     Subsequently, the hollow fiber membrane cartridge, in which the hollow fiber membranes are disposed, is closed (S 400 ). 
     In the case of the cartridge including the hinge type locking unit, as shown in  FIGS. 2 to 5 , the locking cover  121  and the locking protrusion  122  are fastened to each other to close the cartridge. 
     In the case of the cartridge including the sliding type locking unit, as shown in  FIGS. 6 to 9 , the locking cover  121  is slid in the other direction to close the body unit  110 . 
     After the cartridge is closed, the ends of the hollow fiber membranes are bound and potted. Gaps between the hollow fiber membranes are filled through a potting process. 
     Meanwhile, the potting process may be performed in the step of disposing the hollow fiber membranes in the cartridge (S 300 ), although the potting process may be performed after the cartridge is closed. That is, a hollow fiber membrane bundle may be formed using a plurality of hollow fiber membranes, the ends of hollow fiber membrane bundles may be bound and potted, and the potted hollow fiber membrane bundles may be disposed in the cartridge. 
     The hollow fiber membranes are disposed in the openable hollow fiber membrane cartridge and then the cartridge is closed through the above processes, whereby the cartridge  100  is manufactured. One or more cartridges  100  are manufactured and disposed in a housing unit  200 , as shown in  FIG. 11 . 
     
       
     
     Hereinafter, a hollow fiber membrane module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to  FIG. 11 . In the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one cartridge  100  is disposed in a housing unit  200 , and hollow fiber membranes are housed in the cartridge. Here, the cartridge is manufactured using the above method, and includes a body unit  110  having a mesh unit  130  formed at each of the upper part and the lower part thereof and a locking unit  120  configured to lock the body unit  110 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 11 , the hollow fiber membrane module according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a housing unit  200  and at least one cartridge  100  installed in the housing unit  200 , the housing unit having a plurality of hollow fiber membranes housed therein. 
     The housing unit  200  defines the external appearance of the hollow fiber membrane module. The housing unit  200  may include a housing body  210  and housing caps  220 , which may be integrally coupled to each other. Each of the housing body  210  and the housing caps  220  may be made of hard plastic, such as polypropylene 5(PP5), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyamide 6(PA6), polyamide 66 (PA66), polyphthaiamide (PPA), or polycarbonate, or metal. 
     In addition, the lateral sectional shape of each of the housing body  210  and the housing caps  220  may be a polygon or a circle. The polygon may be a rectangle, a square, a trapezoid, a parallelogram, a pentagon, or a hexagon, and corners of the polygon may be round. In addition, the circle may be an oval. 
     The housing body  210  is provided in both ends thereof with a second fluid inlet  231 , through which a second fluid is introduced, and a second fluid outlet  232 , through which the second fluid is discharged. 
     At least one cartridge  100 , in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes configured to allow moisture to selectively pass therethrough are housed, is disposed in the housing unit  200 . Here, each of the hollow fiber membranes is made of a known material, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted from this specification. 
     The cartridge  100  is provided at both ends thereof with potting units (not shown) configured to bind the hollow fiber membranes and to fill gaps between the hollow fiber membranes. As a result, the both ends of the cartridge  100  are blocked by the potting units, whereby a flow channel configured to allow the second fluid to pass therethrough is defined in the cartridge. Each of the potting units is made of a known material, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted from this specification. 
     Meanwhile, the housing caps  220  are coupled to both ends of the housing body  210 . A first fluid inlet  221  and a first fluid outlet  222  are formed in the housing caps  220 . A first fluid introduced through the first fluid inlet  221  formed in one of the housing caps  220  is introduced into the cartridge, flows through an inner pipeline of each of the hollow fiber membranes, flows out of the cartridge, and is discharged outside through the first fluid outlet  222  formed in the other housing cap  220 . 
     At least one insertion hole  240 , in which the cartridge  100  can be mounted, is formed in the housing unit  200 , and the cartridge  100  is inserted into the insertion hole  240 . At this time, a protrusion of a separation-preventing hook  112  formed on the cartridge protrudes from the end of the insertion hole  240 , whereby the mounting of the cartridge  100  is completed. The withdrawal of the cartridge from the insertion hole in the reverse direction is prevented by the protrusion of a separation-preventing hook  112 , whereby it is possible to prevent the cartridge  100  mounted in the insertion hole  240  from being separated from the insertion hole in the reverse direction. 
     In the case in which it is necessary to withdraw the cartridge  100  from the insertion hole  240  for repair and washing, the cartridge  100  may be pushed in the direction opposite the insertion direction thereof in the state in which the protrusion is pushed with strong force, whereby the cartridge  100  may be withdrawn from the insertion hole. 
     
       
     
     Hereinafter, a process of moisture exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid in the hollow fiber membrane module constructed as described above will be described. In the following description, the first fluid may be a low-humidity fluid, and the second fluid may be a high-humidity fluid. Alternatively, the second fluid may be a low-humidity fluid, and the first fluid may be a high-humidity fluid. 
     The first fluid is introduced into the housing unit  200  and the cartridge  100  through the first fluid inlet  221  formed in one of the housing caps  220 , flows in the hollow fiber membranes, and is discharged out of the hollow fiber membrane module through the first fluid outlet  222  formed in the other housing cap  220 . Meanwhile, the first fluid may be introduced through the first fluid outlet  222  and may then flow in the direction in which the first fluid is discharged through the first fluid inlet  221 . 
     The second fluid is introduced into the housing body  210  through the second fluid inlet  231  of the housing body  210 , flows outside the hollow fiber membranes through a mesh unit  130   a  of the cartridge  100 , flows into the housing body  210  through a mesh unit  130   b  of the cartridge  100 , and is discharged outside through the second fluid outlet  232  of the housing body  210 . 
     Meanwhile, the second fluid may be introduced through the second fluid outlet  232  and may then flow in the direction in which the second fluid is discharged through the second fluid inlet  231 . That is, the first fluid and the second fluid may flow in opposite directions, or may flow in the same direction. 
     The first fluid and the second fluid flow inside and outside the hollow fiber membranes, and exchange a substance, such as moisture, or heat with each other through the hollow fiber membranes. 
     
       
     
     Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above, it will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains that the present disclosure can be variously modified and altered through addition, change, deletion, or supplement of components without departing from the idea of the present disclosure recited in the following claims and that such modifications and alterations fall within the scope of right of the present disclosure. 
     
       
     
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       100 : Hollow fiber membrane cartridge  110 : Body unit 
       120 : Locking unit  130 : Mesh unit 
       200 : Housing unit  210 : Housing body 
       220 : Housing cap  240 : Insertion hole