Patent Publication Number: US-2023164417-A1

Title: Optical lens, camera module, and terminal

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2021/095254, filed on May 21, 2021, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202010739758.2, filed on Jul. 28, 2020. The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Implementations of this application relate to the lens field, and in particular, to an optical lens, a camera module, and a terminal. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In recent years, as electronic technologies advance and mobile communication rapid 1 y develops, portable intelligent devices such as mobile phones have become an indispensable part of people&#39;s life, and a camera lens is an essential standard configuration of the mobile phone. In addition, consumers a 1 so have an increasingly high photographing requirement on the camera lens of the mobile phone, for example, a wider zooming range, higher resolution, and higher imaging quality. In addition, the mobile phone is increasingly ultra-thin, and internal mounting space a 1 so needs to be saved while high imaging performance of an optical lens is implemented. 
     SUMMARY 
     Implementations of this application provide an optical lens, a camera module including the optical lens, and a terminal including the camera module, to obtain an optical lens with a small thickness, a camera module with a small thickness, and a terminal with a small thickness while implementing a good imaging effect. 
     According to a first aspect, an optical lens is provided, including a first component, a second component, a third component, and a fourth component that are successively arranged from an object side to an image side, where each component in the first component to the fourth component includes at least one lens, the second component includes a refraction member, the refraction member is configured to change a transmission route of light transmitted from the first component, the third component and the fourth component are coaxially disposed, there is an included angle between optical axes of the third component and the fourth component and an optical axis of the first component, a position of the second component relative to an imaging plane of the optical lens is fixed, and the first component, the third component, and the fourth component can move relative to the second component, so that the optical lens changes between a long-focus state, a medium-focus state, a wide-angle state, and a micro-focus state. 
     It should be noted that, in this implementation of this application, when a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which a photographed object is located is an object side, and a surface of the lens that faces the object side may be referred to as an object side surface; and when a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which an image obtained after a photographed object is imaged by the lens is located is an image side, and a surface of the lens that faces the image side may be referred to as an image side surface. 
     In this implementation of this application, the third component and the fourth component are coaxially disposed, and there is an included angle between the optical axes of the third component and the fourth component and the optical axis of the first component, the position of the second component relative to the imaging plane of the optical lens is fixed, and the first component, the third component, and the fourth component can move relative to the second component, so that the optical lens changes between the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state. In other words, the third component and the fourth component move in cooperation with the first component in a zooming process, so that a requirement of continuous zooming of an object distance of the optical lens from the long-focus state to the micro-focus state is implemented while high imaging performance is obtained. 
     In addition, because the position of the second component relative to the imaging plane of the optical lens is fixed, a total track length of the optical lens varies with a distance between the first component and the second component. Specifically, when the distance between the first component and the second component is larger, the total track length of the optical lens is larger, that is, a change amount of the total track length of the optical lens is implemented by changing the distance between the first component and the second component. In the optical lens, a distance of the first component relative to the second component can be moved, to increase the total track length of the optical lens, so as to improve a zooming range of the optical lens, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens. In addition, the second component includes the refraction member, and the refraction member is configured to change the transmission route of the light transmitted from the first component, so that there is an included angle between the optical axes of the third component and the fourth component and the optical axis of the first component. Therefore, a distance by which the first component moves relative to the second component does not increase a distance between the second component and the imaging plane of the optical lens, and increases only the distance between the first component and the second component. When the optical lens is applied to a terminal, the first component may extend outside the terminal without increasing a thickness of the terminal, to save internal space of the terminal, and implement thinning of the terminal including the optical lens. 
     In some implementations, when the optical lens is in the long-focus state, the optical lens meets the following relation: 
       1.0≤ TTL/EFL max≤1.7
 
     where TTL is a total track length of the optical lens, namely, a total length from, to the imaging plane, an object side surface of a lens that is of the optical lens and that is closest to the object side, and EFLmax is an effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     Generally, the effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is directly proportional to the total track length. To meet a miniaturization requirement, the total track length needs to be as small as possible, and therefore a ratio should be as small as possible. In this implementation, a range of the ratio of the total track length of the optical lens to the effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is specified, to ensure that a thickness of the optical lens is sufficiently small to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens. When the optical lens is applied to a terminal, smaller space of the terminal is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal. 
     In some implementations, the optical lens meets the following relation: 
       0.01&lt; IH/EFL max&lt;0.1 
     where IH is an imaging height of the optical lens. 
     The specified ratio of the imaging height of the optical lens to the effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state represents a telephoto capability of the optical lens, that is, a capability that the optical lens photographs an object image far away from the optical lens. Based on the specified ratio of the imaging height of the optical lens to the effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state, the telephoto capability of the optical lens can be ensured, to meet different photographing scenarios, and improve user experience. 
     In some implementations, the first component has positive focal power, and the first component meets the following relation: 
       1 .0&lt;| fs   1   /ft |≤1.7
 
     where fs 1  is a focal length of the first component, and ft is a focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the first component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the first component can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens, so that the optical lens has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations, the second component has negative focal power, and the second component meets the following relation: 
       0.1≤| fs   2   /ft|≤ 0.7
 
     where fs 2  is a focal length of the second component, and ft is the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the second component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the second component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the second component can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens, so that the optical lens has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations, the third component has positive focal power, and the third component meets the following relation: 
       0.1≤| fs   3   /ft|≤ 0.7
 
     where fs 3  is a focal length of the third component, and ft is the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the third component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the third component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the third component can cooperate with another lens to correct or reduce aberration, so that the optical lens has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations, the fourth component has positive focal power, and the fourth component meets the following relation: 
       0.3≤ |fs   4   /ft|≤ 0.9
 
     where fs 4  is a focal length of the fourth component, and ft is the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the fourth component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state is specified. The fourth component is mainly configured to correct aberration of an optical system, to improve imaging quality. In addition, in this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the fourth component to the focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the fourth component can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens, so that the optical lens has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations, the optical lens meets the following relation: 
       4 mm≤φmax≤15 mm
 
     where φmax is a diameter of a largest lens in the first component, the second component, the third component, and the fourth component. 
     The specified range of the diameter of the largest lens in the first component, the second component, the third component, and the fourth component represents a size of the largest lens in the optical lens. When the range of the diameter of the largest lens in the first component, the second component, the third component, and the fourth component meets the foregoing relation, miniaturization of the optical lens can be facilitated. When the optical lens is applied to a terminal, smaller space of the terminal is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal. 
     In some implementations, the first component, the second component, the third component, and the fourth component have N lenses with focal power in total, a value of N is an integer greater than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15, and the N lenses with focal power include at least seven aspherical lenses. A quantity of lenses with focal power in the optical lens is limited to 7 to 15 (including 7 and 15). Therefore, a wide zooming range and a better imaging effect of the optical lens are implemented while it is ensured that a size of the optical lens is sufficiently small. In addition, a quantity of aspherical lenses in the N lenses with focal power is limited to at least 7, to effectively correct aberration, ensure a photographing effect of the optical lens, and improve user experience. 
     In some implementations, a difference between a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens is in the wide-angle state and a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens is in the long-focus state is less than or equal to 3 degrees, to ensure that no color shading occurs in an image, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens. 
     In some implementations, a difference between the chief ray angle existing when the optical lens is in the long-focus state and a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens is in the micro-focus state is less than or equal to 5 degrees, to ensure that no color shading occurs in an image, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens. 
     In some implementations, the fourth component includes a glued lens. The glued lens is disposed in the fourth component, to help correct chromatic aberration of the optical lens, so that the optical lens can obtain better imaging quality. 
     In some implementations, the optical lens includes a stop, and the stop is located on an object side surface of the third component. In other words, the stop is located between the second component and the third component, to limit a size of a light beam transmitted from the second component to the third component, so as to ensure that the optical lens implements a better imaging effect. 
     According to a second aspect, this application provides a camera module, where the camera module includes a photosensitive element, a drive member, and the optical lens in any one of the foregoing embodiments, the photosensitive element is located on an image side of the optical lens and is located on an imaging plane of the optical lens, and the drive member is configured to drive the first component, the third component, and the fourth component to move relative to the second component. 
     The camera module in this application includes the optical lens, the drive member, and the photosensitive element, and the drive member drives the first component, the third component, and the fourth component to move relative to the second component, so as to implement zooming. When the camera module works, the drive member can move the first component away from the second component, to increase a total track length of the optical lens, and enable the optical lens to be in a long-focus state, so that the optical lens can photograph a remote object image. When the camera module does not work, the drive member can move the first component, so that the first component is close to the second component. In a working process of the camera module, the first component may extend outside the camera module. When the camera module is applied to a terminal, the first component may extend outside the terminal without increasing a thickness of the terminal, to save internal space of the terminal, and implement thinning of the terminal including the optical lens. Therefore, compared with a thickness of a common camera module (a total track length of an optical lens of the common module is fixed, and a thickness of the optical lens needs to be increased if the total track length of the optical lens is increased), a thickness of the camera module is greatly reduced, and the camera module has a wider zooming range, to improve telephoto quality. 
     According to a third aspect, this application provides a terminal. The terminal includes an image processor and the foregoing camera module. The image processor is communicatively connected to the camera module. The camera module is configured to: obtain image data, and input the image data into the image processor. The image processor is configured to process the image data that is input to the image processor. The camera module in this implementation of this application can implement a wide zooming range and a good imaging effect, so that the terminal in this application can be used in a wide-range zooming photographing scenario. 
     In some implementations, the terminal further includes a housing. Both the camera module and the image processor are accommodated in the housing. A light passing hole is disposed on the housing. The first component of the camera module faces the light passing hole. When the drive member drives the first component to move away from the second component, the first component can extend out of the housing by using the light passing hole. 
     When the camera module is applied to the terminal, the first component can be moved when the camera module works, so that the first component is away from the second component, and extends out of the housing by using the light passing hole, to increase a total track length of the camera module, and enable the optical lens to be in a long-focus state, so that the optical lens can photograph a remote object image. In other words, when the total track length of the camera module is increased, the first component can extend out of the housing of the terminal, that is, in a process in which the total track length of the camera module changes, space occupied by the camera module in the terminal is not affected, and the terminal does not need to provide reserved space for zooming of the camera module, to save internal space of the terminal, and implement thinning of the terminal. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       To describe technical solutions in embodiments of this application or in the background more clearly, the following describes the accompanying drawings used in embodiments of this application or in the background. 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic diagram of a structure of a terminal; 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic diagram of a structure of another terminal; 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic exploded view of a camera module according to an implementation of this application; 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic diagram of a structure of the camera module shown in  FIG.  3    in another state; 
         FIG.  5    is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a camera module according to this application; 
         FIG.  6    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens of the camera module shown in  FIG.  3   ; 
         FIG.  7    is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  6   ; 
         FIG.  8    is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the camera module provided in  FIG.  3    from another perspective; 
         FIG.  9    is a schematic diagram of a zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  6   ; 
         FIG.  10    is a schematic diagram of another zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  6   ; 
         FIG.  11    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  12    is a schematic diagram of a zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic diagram of another zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  14    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  15    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  16    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  17    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  18    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  19    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  20    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  21    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  22    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  23    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  24    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  25    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 1 of this application; 
         FIG.  26    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  27    is a schematic diagram of a zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  26   ; 
         FIG.  28    is a schematic diagram of another zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  26   ; 
         FIG.  29    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  30    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  31    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  32    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  33    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  34    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  35    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  36    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  37    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  38    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  39    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  40    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 2 of this application; 
         FIG.  41    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  42    is a schematic diagram of a zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  41   ; 
         FIG.  43    is a schematic diagram of another zooming process of the optical lens shown in  FIG.  41   ; 
         FIG.  44    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  45    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  46    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  47    is a schematic diagram of axial chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  48    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  49    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  50    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  51    is a schematic diagram of lateral chromatic aberration of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  52    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a long-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  53    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a medium-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application; 
         FIG.  54    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a wide-angle state according to Implementation 3 of this application; and 
         FIG.  55    is a schematic diagram of field curvature and optical distortion of an optical lens in a micro-focus state according to Implementation 3 of this application. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The following describes embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments of this application. 
     For ease of understanding, the following first explains and describes technical terms used in this application. 
     A focal length (focal length), is a measurement manner of measuring convergence or divergence of light in an optical system, and is a vertical distance from an optical center of a lens or a lens group to an imaging plane when a clear image of an infinite scene is formed on the imaging plane by using the lens or the lens group. A position of an optical center of a fixed-focus lens is fixed. For a zoom lens, a focal length of the lens varies with an optical center of the lens. 
     An optical axis is light that vertically passes through the center of an ideal lens. When light parallel to the optical axis is incident to a convex lens, for an ideal convex lens, a 1 l light should be converged at one point behind the lens, and the point at which a 1 l the light is converged is a focus. 
     An aperture is an apparatus configured to control an amount of light passing through a lens and enters a photosensitive surface in a camera, and is usually in the lens. A size of the aperture is represented by an F-number. 
     An F-number is a ratio (a reciprocal of a relative aperture) of a focal length of a lens to a diameter of a clear aperture of the lens. A smaller F-number indicates a larger amount of admitted light in a same unit of time. A smaller F-number indicates a smaller depth of field, so that photographed background content is blurred. This is similar to an effect achieved by a long-focus lens. 
     A back focal length (Back Focal Length, BFL) is a distance between a vertex on an image side surface of a lens closest to an image side in an optical lens and an imaging plane of the optical lens. 
     Positive focal power may a 1 so be referred to as positive refractive power, and indicates that a lens has a positive focal length and has an effect of converging light. 
     Negative focal power may a 1 so be referred to as negative refractive power, and indicates that a lens has a negative focal length and has an effect of diverging light. 
     A total track length (Total Track Length, TTL) is a total length from an object side surface of a lens closest to an object side in an optical lens to an imaging plane, and is a main factor that forms a height of a camera. 
     A chief ray angle (Maximum Chief Ray Angle, CRA) indicates an included angle between a chief ray of a lens and an optical axis. A smaller chief ray angle indicates clearer imaging. 
     An Abbe number, namely, a dispersion coefficient, is used to represent an index of a dispersion capability of a transparent medium. Generally, a larger refractive index of the medium indicates severer dispersion and a smaller Abbe number. On the contrary, a smaller refractive index of the medium indicates slighter dispersion and a larger Abbe number. For a field of view (field of view, FOV), in an optical instrument, a lens of the optical instrument is used as a vertex, and an included angle formed by two edges of a maximum range in which an object image of a measured object can pass through the lens is referred to as the field of view. A view scope of the optical instrument depends on a size of the field of view. A larger field of view indicates a larger view scope and smaller optical power. 
     For an object side, when a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which a to-be-imaged scene is located is the object side. 
     For an image side, when a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which an image of a to-be-imaged scene is located is the image side. 
     For an object side surface, a surface of a lens close to an object side is referred to as the object side surface. 
     For an image side surface, a surface of a lens close to an image side is referred to as the image side surface. 
     When a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which a photographed object is located is an object side, and a surface of the lens close to the object side may be referred to as an object side surface; and when a lens is used as a boundary, a side on which an image of a to-be-photographed object is located is an image side, and a surface of the lens close to the image side may be referred to as an image side surface. 
     Axial chromatic aberration is a 1 so referred to as longitudinal chromatic aberration or chromatism of position. After passing through a lens, light parallel to an optical axis is converged at different positions before and after the lens. The aberration is referred to as chromatism of position or axial chromatic aberration. A reason is that the lens converges light with different wavelengths at different positions, so that imaging planes of images of light with different colors cannot overlap during final imaging, and polychromatic light disperses to form dispersion. 
     Lateral chromatic aberration is a 1 so referred to as magnification chromatic aberration, and a difference between magnifications of an optical system for light with different colors is referred to as magnification chromatic aberration. A wavelength causes a change in the magnification of the optical system, and a size of an image changes accordingly. 
     Distortion (distortion), is a degree at which an image formed by an optical system for an object is distorted relative to the object. A height of a point at which chief rays with different fields of view intersect a Gaussian imaging plane after the chief rays pass through the optical system is not equal to an ideal imaging height, and a difference between the two heights is distortion. Therefore, distortion only changes an imaging position of an off-axis object point on an ideal plane, so that a shape of an image is distorted, but definition of the image is not affected. 
     Optical distortion (optical distortion) is a distortion degree obtained through optical theoretical calculation. 
     A diffraction limit (diffraction limit) means that when an ideal object point is imaged by using an optical system, due to the diffraction limit, it is impossible to obtain an ideal image point, but a Fraunhofer diffraction image is obtained. Because an aperture of the optical system is generally circular, the Fraunhofer diffraction image is the so-called Airy disk. In this case, an image of each object point is a diffuse spot. After two diffuse spots are close to each other, the two diffuse spots are not easily distinguished. In this case, resolution of the system is limited. A larger spot indicates lower resolution. 
     This application provides a terminal, and the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a video camera, a video recorder, a camera, or another form of device that has a photographing or video recording function. The terminal includes at least one optical lens, and the optical lens includes a zoom lens, so that the terminal can implement a zooming photographing effect.  FIG.  1    is a schematic diagram of a back side of a terminal according to an implementation of this application. In this implementation, a terminal  1000  is a mobile phone. This implementation of this application is described by using an example in which the terminal  1000  is a mobile phone. 
     The terminal  1000  includes a camera module  100 , an image processor  200 , and a housing  300 . Both the camera module  100  and the image processor  200  are accommodated in the housing  300 . Alight passing hole  301  is disposed on the housing  300 . Alight entrance side of the camera module  100  is opposite to the light passing hole  301  of the housing  300 . When the camera module  100  performs video recording, the camera module  100  can extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 . The image processor  200  is communicatively connected to the camera module  100 . The camera module  100  is configured to: obtain image data, and input the image data into the image processor  200 . The image processor  200  is configured to process the image data that is input to the image processor. The communicative connection between the camera module  100  and the image processor  200  may include transmitting data by using an electrical connection such as cabling, or transmitting data through coupling or the like. It may be understood that the camera module  100  and the image processor  200  may be communicatively connected in another manner in which data can be transmitted. 
     When the camera module  100  is applied to the terminal  1000 , the camera module  100  performs zooming based on a scenario requirement during working. In a zooming process, the camera module  100  can partially extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 , to increase a total track length of the camera module  100 , and enable the camera module  100  to be in a long-focus state, so that the camera module  100  can photograph a remote object image. In other words, when the total track length of the camera module  100  is increased, the camera module  100  can extend out of the housing  300  of the terminal  1000 , that is, in a process in which the total track length of the camera module  100  changes, space occupied by the camera module  100  in the terminal  1000  is not affected, and the terminal  1000  does not need to provide reserved space for zooming of the camera module  100 , to save internal space of the terminal  1000 , and implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . In addition, the camera module  100  in this implementation of this application can implement a wide zooming range and a good imaging effect, so that the terminal  1000  in this application can be used in a wide-range zooming photographing scenario. 
     A function of the image processor  200  is to perform optimization processing on a digital image signal by using a series of complex mathematical a 1 gorithm operations, and finally transmit the processed signal to a display. The image processor  200  may be a separate image processing chip or digital signal processing (Digital Signal Processing, DSP) chip. A function thereof is to quickly transfer data obtained by a photosensitive chip to a central processing unit in a timely manner, and refresh the photosensitive chip. Therefore, quality of the DSP chip directly affects picture quality (such as color saturation or definition). Alternatively, the image processor  200  may be integrated into another chip (such as a central processing chip). 
     In the implementation shown in  FIG.  1   , the camera module  100  is disposed on the back side of the terminal  1000 , and is a rear-facing lens of the terminal  1000 . It may be understood that, in some implementations, the camera module  100  may be disposed on the front side of the terminal  1000  as a front-facing lens of the terminal  1000 . Both the front-facing lens and the rear-facing lens may be used for obtaining a selfie, or may be used by a photographer to photograph another object. 
     In some implementations, there are a plurality of camera modules  100 , and “a plurality of” means two or more. Different camera modules  100  may have different functions, so that different photographing scenarios can be met. For example, in some implementations, the plurality of camera modules  100  include a zoom camera module or a fixed-focus camera module, to separately implement zooming photographing and fixed-focus photographing. In the implementation shown in  FIG.  1   , the terminal  1000  has two rear-facing lenses, and the two camera modules  100  are respectively an ordinary camera module and a zoom camera module. The ordinary camera module can be used in daily ordinary photographing, and the zoom camera module can be used in a scenario in which zooming photographing needs to be performed. In some implementations, a plurality of different camera modules  100  may be communicatively connected to the image processor  200 , to process, by using the image processor  200 , image data photographed by the camera modules  100 . 
     It should be understood that a mounting position of the camera module  100  of the terminal  1000  in the implementation shown in  FIG.  1    is merely an example. In some other implementations, the camera module  100  may be mounted at another position on the mobile phone. For example, the camera module  100  may be mounted in an upper midd 1 e position or an upper right corner of the back side of the mobile phone. Alternatively, the camera module  100  may not be disposed on a main body of the mobile phone, but is disposed on a component that can move or rotate relative to the mobile phone. For example, the component may extend, retract, or rotate on the main body of the mobile phone. The mounting position of the camera module  100  is not limited in this application. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   , in some implementations, the terminal  1000  further includes an analog-to-digital converter  400  (which may a 1 so be referred to as an A/D converter). The analog-to-digital converter  400  is connected between the camera module  100  and the image processor  200 . The analog-to-digital converter  400  is configured to: convert a signal generated by the camera module  100  into a digital image signal, transmit the digital image signal to the image processor  200 , then process the digital image signal by using the image processor  200 , and finally display an image by using a display screen or the display. 
     In some implementations, the terminal  1000  further includes a memory  500 . The memory  500  is communicatively connected to the image processor  200 . The image processor  200  processes the image digital signal, and then transmits the image to the memory  500 . Therefore, when an image needs to be viewed subsequently, the image can be found in the memory at any time, and is displayed on the display screen. In some implementations, the image processor  200  further compresses the processed image digital signal, and then stores the signal in the memory  500 , to save space in the memory  500 . It should be noted that  FIG.  2    is only a schematic diagram of a structure of this implementation of this application, and position structures of the camera module  100 , the image processor  200 , the analog-to-digital converter  400 , and the memory  500  shown in  FIG.  2    are merely examples. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  3   , the camera module  100  includes an optical lens  10 , a photosensitive element  20 , a drive member, and an enclosure  30 . The enclosure  30  includes a through hole  31  and accommodation space  32 . The through hole  31  communicates with the accommodation space  32 . The through hole  31  is opposite to the light passing hole  301  of the housing  300 . The drive member, the photosensitive element  20 , and the optical lens  10  are a 1 l accommodated in the accommodation space  32 . The photosensitive element  20  is connected to the enclosure  30 . The photosensitive element  20  is located on an image side of the optical lens  10 , and is located on an imaging plane of the optical lens  10 . The drive member is configured to drive a component in the optical lens  10  to implement zooming. A light entrance side of the optical lens  10  faces the through hole  31 . When performing zooming, the optical lens  10  can partially extend out of the accommodation space  32  (as shown in  FIG.  4   ) by using the through hole  31 , and extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 . When the camera module  100  works, a to-be-imaged scene is imaged on the photosensitive element  20  after passing through the optical lens  10 . Specifically, as shown in  FIG.  5   , a working principle of the camera module  100  is as follows: After light L reflected by a photographed scene passes through the optical lens  10 , an optical image is generated, and is projected on a surface of the photosensitive element  20 . The photosensitive element  20  converts the optical image into an electrical signal, namely, an analog image signal  51 , and transmits, to the analog-to-digital converter  400 , the analog image signal  51  obtained through conversion, to convert the analog image signal  51  into a digital image signal S 2  by using the analog-to-digital converter  400 , and send the digital image signal S 2  to the image processor  200 . Certainly, in another embodiment, the camera module  100  may have no enclosure, and the photosensitive element  20  is fastened to a support or another structure. 
     When the camera module  100  works, in a zooming process, the optical lens  10  can partially extend out of the accommodation space  32 , and extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 , to increase a total track length of the optical lens  10 , and enable the optical lens  10  to be in the long-focus state, so that the optical lens  10  can photograph a remote object image. When the camera module  100  does not work, the optical lens  10  is totally accommodated in the accommodation space  32 . In a working process of the camera module  100 , when the optical lens  10  partially extends out of the enclosure  30 , a height of the enclosure  30  is not affected. Therefore, compared with a thickness of a common camera module  100  (a total track length of an optical lens  10  of the common module is fixed, and a thickness of the optical lens  10  needs to be increased if the total track length of the optical lens  10  is increased), a thickness of the camera module  100  is greatly reduced, and the camera module  100  has a wider zooming range, to improve telephoto quality. When the camera module  100  is applied to the terminal  1000 , a thickness of the terminal  1000  is not increased, to save internal space of the terminal  1000 , and implement thinning of the terminal  1000  including the camera module  100 . 
     The enclosure  30  includes a bottom wall  33 , a peripheral wall  34 , and a top wall  35 . The peripheral wall  34  is around the bottom wall  33 , and is connected to the top wall  35 , to form the accommodation space  32 . The through hole  31  is disposed on the top wall  35 , and the photosensitive element  20  is disposed on the peripheral wall  34  away from the light passing hole  301 . Specifically, a circuit board is further disposed between the photosensitive element  20  and the peripheral wall  34 . The photosensitive element  20  is fastened to the circuit board in a manner such as bonding or surface-mounting, and the analog-to-digital converter  400 , the image processor  200 , the memory  500 , and the like are a 1 so fastened to the circuit board in a manner such as bonding or surface-mounting, to implement a communicative connection between the photosensitive element  20 , the analog-to-digital converter  400 , the image processor  200 , the memory  500 , and the like by using the circuit board. The circuit board may be a flexible printed circuit board (flexible printed circuit, FPC) or a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), and is configured to transmit an electrical signal. The FPC may be a single-sided flexible printed circuit board, a double-sided flexible printed circuit board, a multi-layer flexible printed circuit board, a rigid flexible printed circuit board, a flexible printed circuit board of a mixed structure, or the like. 
     The photosensitive element  20  is a semiconductor chip. A surface thereof contains hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes. When the photosensitive element  20  is irradiated by light, a charge is generated, and is converted into a digital signal by using a chip of the analog-to-digital converter  400 . The photosensitive element  20  may be a charge coupled device (charge coupled device, CCD), or may be a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, CMOS). The CCD is made of a highly photosensitive semiconductor material, and can convert light into a charge and convert the charge into a digital signal by using the chip of the analog-to-digital converter  400 . The CCD includes many photosensitive units that are generally in a unit of megapixel. When a surface of the CCD is irradiated by light, each photosensitive unit reflects a charge on a component, and signals generated by a 1 l the photosensitive units are added together to form a complete picture. The CMOS is a semiconductor that is mainly made by using two elements such as silicon and germanium, so that N (negative charge) and P (positive charge) semiconductors coexist on the CMOS. A current generated by using a complementary effect between the two semiconductors can be recorded and interpreted as an image by a processing chip. 
     The drive member includes a first drive part, a second drive part, and a third drive part. The first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part are separately configured to drive related elements of the optical lens  10 , to implement zooming and focusing of the camera module  100 . Each of the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part includes one or more drive parts, so that focusing and/or optical image stabilization can be performed by separately driving the related elements of the optical lens  10  by using the drive parts of the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part. When the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part separately drive the related elements of the optical lens  10  to perform focusing, the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part separately drive the related elements of the optical lens  10  to move relative to each other, to implement focusing. When the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part separately drive the related elements of the optical lens  10  to perform image stabilization, the related elements of the optical lens  10  are driven to move or rotate relative to the photosensitive element  20 , and/or the related elements of the optical lens  10  are driven to move or rotate relative to each other, to implement optical image stabilization. The first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part each may be a drive structure such as a motor. 
     The camera module  100  further includes an infrared filter  40 . The infrared filter  40  may be fastened to the circuit board, and is located between the optical lens  10  and the photosensitive element  20 . Light that passes through the optical lens  10  is irradiated on the infrared filter  40 , and is transmitted to the photosensitive element  20  by using the infrared filter  40 . The infrared filter  40  may eliminate unnecessary light to be projected on the photosensitive element  20 , and prevent the photosensitive element  20  from producing a false color or a ripple, to improve effective resolution and color reproduction thereof. In some implementations, the infrared filter  40  may be fastened to an end of the optical lens  10  that faces the image side. Other elements included in the camera module  100  are not described in detail herein. 
     Referring to  FIG.  6   , the optical lens  10  affects imaging quality and an imaging effect. The optical lens  10  mainly performs imaging by using a refraction principle of a lens, that is, after scene light passes through the optical lens  10 , a clear image is formed on the imaging plane, and an image of the scene is recorded by using the photosensitive element  20  located on the imaging plane. The imaging plane is a plane on which an image obtained after a scene is imaged by the optical lens  10  is located. The optical lens  10  includes a plurality of components that are successively arranged from an object side to the image side, each component includes at least one lens, and an image with a good imaging effect is formed through cooperation between lenses in the components. The object side is a side on which a photographed object is located, and the image side is a side on which the imaging plane is located. 
     In this application, the optical lens  10  is a zoom lens. When a focal length of the optical lens  10  is changed, the optical lens  10  is correspondingly moved relative to the photosensitive element  20 , so that it can be ensured that the optical lens  10  can well perform imaging within a designed focal length range. 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   ,  FIG.  6   , and  FIG.  7   , in some implementations of this application, the optical lens  10  in this application includes a first component G 1 , a second component G 2 , a third component G 3 , and a fourth component G 4  that are successively arranged from the object side to the image side, and each component in the first component G 1  to the fourth component G 4  includes at least one lens. Each lens in each component is disposed a 1 ong an optical axis, and each lens includes an object side surface facing the object side and an image side surface facing the image side. Specifically, an image side surface of the fourth component G 4  faces the photosensitive element  20 . The second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxial. The second component G 2  includes a refraction member G 21 . The refraction member G 21  is located on a side of the second component G 2  that faces away from the third component G 3 . The first component G 1  is disposed on a side of the refraction member G 21  that faces away from the bottom wall  33 , and faces the through hole  31 . There is an included angle between optical axes of the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  and an optical axis of the first component G 1 . It may be understood that an optical path of the optical lens  10  includes a first optical path and a second optical path. There is an included angle between the first optical path and the second optical path. Light is transmitted a 1 ong the first optical path, and is transmitted a 1 ong the second optical path after passing through the refraction member G 21 . The first component G 1  is located on the first optical path, and the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  are located on the second optical path. In this embodiment, the included angle is 90 degrees, that is, the optical axes of the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  are perpendicular to the optical axis of the first component G 1 . Certainly, the included angle between the optical axes of the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  and the optical axis of the first component G 1  may be another degree between 0 degrees and 180 degrees (excluding 0 degrees and 180 degrees). 
     Light outside the terminal  1000  passes through the first component G 1  successively by using the light passing hole  301  and the through hole  31 , successively passes through the lens in the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  through refraction by the refraction member G 21 , and is finally received by the photosensitive element  20 . The refraction member G 21  is configured to change a transmission route of light transmitted from the first component G 1 . A position of the second component G 2  relative to the imaging plane of the optical lens  10  is fixed, and both the first component G 1 , the three component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  can move relative to the second component G 2 . When the first component G 1  is away from the second component G 2  by a specified distance, the first component G 1  can extend out of the accommodation space  32  by using the through hole  31 , and extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 . In this embodiment, the refraction member G 21  is a prism. It may be understood that the prism is a 1 so a lens, and each lens other than the prism in this application is a lens that has positive or negative focal power. Certainly, in another embodiment, the refraction member G 21  may be an element that may change an optical path, for example, a reflector. 
     In this application, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  can move relative to the second component G 2  to cooperate with the first component G 1 , so that the optical lens  10  changes between the long-focus state, a medium-focus state, a wide-angle state, and a micro-focus state. In other words, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  move in cooperation with the first component G 1  in a zooming process, so that a requirement of continuous zooming of an object distance of the optical lens  10  from the long-focus state to the micro-focus state is implemented while high imaging performance is obtained. It may be understood that, that the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, or the micro-focus state is based on a camera. Specifically, when it is determined that the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, or the micro-focus state, an equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10  is used for determining. Equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10 =(43.3*focal length of the optical lens  10 )/length of a diagonal line of the photosensitive element  20 . The focal length of the optical lens  10  mentioned in this specification is an actual focal length of the optical lens  10 . When the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, the equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10  is greater than or equal to 50 cm. When the optical lens  10  is in the medium-focus state, the equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10  falls within a range of 25 cm to 27 cm (including 25 cm and 27 cm). When the optical lens  10  is in the wide-angle state, the equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 24 cm. When the optical lens  10  is in the micro-focus state, the equivalent focal length of the optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 10 cm. 
     In this implementation of this application, when the optical lens  10  works, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  can separately move relative to the second component G 2  by using the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part. Because the position of the second component G 2  relative to the imaging plane of the optical lens  10  is fixed, the total track length of the optical lens  10  varies with a distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2 . When the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  is larger, the total track length of the optical lens  10  is larger. In other words, a distance of the first component G 1  relative to the second component G 2  can be moved, so that the optical lens  10  extends out of the accommodation space  32  by using the through hole  31 , and extends out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 , to increase the total track length of the optical lens  10 , so as to increase a zooming range of the optical lens  10 , and improve imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . In the zooming process of the optical lens  10 , the second component G 2  includes the refraction member G 21 , and the refraction member G 21  is configured to change the transmission route of the light transmitted from the first component G 1 , so that the optical axis of the first component G 1  is perpendicular to the optical axes of the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4 , and the first component G 1  can extend out of the accommodation space  32  by using the through hole  31 , and extend out of the housing  300  by using the light passing hole  301 . Therefore, a distance by which the first component G 1  moves relative to the second component G 2  does not increase a distance between the second component G 2  and the imaging plane of the optical lens  10 , and increases only the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2 . The first component G 1  may extend outside the terminal  1000 , and the terminal  1000  does not need to provide additional space for displacement of the first component G 1  relative to the second component G 2 , to save internal space of the terminal  1000 , and implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . When the optical lens  10  does not work, the first component G 1  is accommodated in the enclosure  30 , so that the terminal  1000  is more convenient to use. 
     In some implementations of this application, the optical lens  10  includes a first lens barrel  1 , a second lens barrel  2 , a third lens barrel  3 , and a fourth lens barrel  4 . The lens in the first component G 1  is fixed 1 y connected inside the first lens barrel  1 , the lens in the second component G 2  and the refraction member G 21  are fixed 1 y connected inside the second lens barrel  2 , the lens in the third component G 3  is fixed 1 y connected inside the third lens barrel  3 , and the lens in the fourth component G 4  is fixed 1 y connected inside the fourth lens barrel  4 . The first lens barrel  1 , the second lens barrel  2 , the third lens barrel  3 , and the fourth lens barrel  4  are respectively configured to fasten the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 , to keep the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  being stably fastened inside the enclosure  30  of the camera module  100 . 
     In some embodiments,  FIG.  8    is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the camera module provided in  FIG.  3    from another perspective. The first lens barrel  1  in this application includes a first part  11  and a second part  12  connected to the first part  11 . The first component G 1  is fastened to the first part  11 . A gap  121  is disposed on a side wall of the second part  12 . The second lens barrel  2  is partially accommodated in the second part  12  by using the gap  121 , so that an object side surface of the second component G 2  directly faces an image side surface of the first component G 1 . A side of the second part  12  that is away from the first part  11  is connected to the first drive part  50 , to drive, by using the first drive part  50 , the first lens barrel  1  to be close to or away from the second component G 2 . Certainly, in another embodiment, the second part  12  may be a support, and is connected between the first part  11  and the first drive part  50 . 
     Specifically, the first drive part  50  includes a first motor  51 , a second motor  52 , and a transmission member  53 . A first end of the transmission member  53  is connected to the first motor  51 , and the other end thereof penetrates through a connection block  122  on the side wall of the second part  12 , and is limited by the top wall  35 . The first motor  51  drives the transmission member  53  to rotate, and the transmission member  53  rotates and drives the first lens barrel  1  to move in an axial direction of the transmission member  53 , so that the first component G 1  is close to or away from the second component G 2 . The second motor  52  is connected between the first part  11  and the first component G 1 , and is configured to perform focus adjustment on the first component G 1 . In other words, the first motor  51  and the second motor  52  cooperate to improve imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . In this embodiment, the connection block  122  and the second part  12  may be formed integrally, or may be fixed 1 y connected. The transmission member  53  is a transmission screw. An outer thread is disposed on an outer circumference of the transmission screw. Correspondingly, an internal thread is disposed on the connection block  122 . The transmission screw is connected to the connection block  122  in a threaded manner. Certainly, in another implementation, the first drive part  50  does not merely have the structure described above, but may have another structure, provided that the first lens barrel  1  can be driven to be away from or close to the second component G 2 . The transmission member  53  may be a transmission member  53  with another structure, and the connection block  122  and the transmission member  53  may be connected in another connection manner. 
     In some embodiments, a connection part  123  is disposed on a side of the second part  12  that is opposite to the connection block  122 , a slide rod  124  is disposed on a side of the second part  12  that is opposite to the transmission member  53 , the slide rod  124  penetrates through the connection part  123  of the second part  12 , and two ends of the slide rod  124  are fastened to the enclosure  30 . Therefore, in a process in which the transmission member  53  drives the first lens barrel  1  to be away from or close to the second component G 2 , the first lens barrel  1  slides between the two ends of the slide rod  124 , so that the first lens barrel  1  can be prevented from deviating in a movement process. In addition, two sides of the second part  12  are respectively connected to the slide rod  124  and the transmission member  53 , to maintain force balance in the movement process of the first lens barrel  1 , and ensure that the first lens barrel  1  is more stable in the movement process. Certainly, in another embodiment, a slide rod may be disposed on an outer side of a side wall of the second part  12  that is between the transmission member  53  and the slide rod  124 , that is, a quantity of slide rods is not limited to  1 . Alternatively, no slide rod may be disposed on the side of the second part  12  that is opposite to the transmission member  53 . 
     Specifically, the first drive part is connected to the first lens barrel  1  to drive the first component G 1  located in the first lens barrel  1  to be close to or away from the second component G 2 , the second drive part is connected to the third lens barrel  3  to drive the third component G 3  located in the third lens barrel  3  to move relative to the second component G 2 , and the third drive part is connected to the fourth lens barrel  4  to drive the fourth component G 4  located in the fourth lens barrel  4 , so that the fourth component G 4  moves between the third component G 3  and the image side. The first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part respectively adjust positions of the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  based on a requirement, so that the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  cooperate, based on a requirement, to adjust the total track length of the optical lens  10 , and the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, or the micro-focus state, to meet zooming range requirements in different application scenarios, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
     When the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part respectively drive the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  to perform focusing, the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part respectively drive the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  to move relative to each other, to implement focusing. When the first drive part, the second drive part, and the third drive part respectively drive the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  to perform image stabilization, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are driven to move or rotate relative to the photosensitive element  20 , and/or the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are driven to move or rotate relative to each other, to implement optical image stabilization. 
     Referring to  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   , when the optical lens  10  performs zooming, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  separately move along the optical axis. Specifically, for example, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the long-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  increases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  first increases and then decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  increases. When the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the micro-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1  moves towards the image side, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  decreases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  decreases. In this embodiment, when the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state and the medium-focus state, the first component G 1  extends out of the housing  300  of the terminal  1000 . When the optical lens  10  is in the wide-angle state and the micro-focus state, the first component G 1  is accommodated inside the terminal  1000 . This ensures that an internal volume that is of the terminal  1000  and that is occupied by the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small, to help implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . Certainly, in another embodiment, when the optical lens  10  is in the wide-angle state, the first component G 1  may extend out of the housing  300  of the terminal  1000 . 
     In some implementations of this application, a difference between a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens  10  is in the wide-angle state and a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state is less than or equal to  3  degrees, to ensure that no color shading occurs in an image, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
     In some implementations of this application, a difference between the chief ray angle existing when the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state and a chief ray angle existing when the optical lens  10  is in the micro-focus state is less than or equal to 5 degrees, to ensure that no color shading occurs in an image, and improve imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
     In some implementations of this application, when the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, the optical lens  10  meets the following relation: 
       1.0 ≤TTL/EFL max≤1.7
 
     where TTL is the total track length of the optical lens  10 , namely, a total length from, to the imaging plane, an object side surface of a lens that is of the optical lens  10  and that is closest to the object side, and EFLmax is an effective focal length of the optical lens in the long-focus state. 
     Generally, the effective focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is directly proportional to the total track length. To meet a miniaturization requirement, the total track length needs to be as small as possible, and therefore a ratio should be as small as possible. In this implementation, a range of the ratio of the total track length of the optical lens  10  to the effective focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is specified, to ensure that the thickness of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . When the optical lens  10  is applied to the terminal  1000 , smaller space of the terminal  1000  is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . 
     In some implementations of this application, the optical lens  10  meets the following relation: 
       0.01≤ IH/EFL max≤0.1
 
     where IH is an imaging height of the optical lens  10 . 
     The specified ratio of the imaging height of the optical lens  10  to the effective focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state represents a telephoto capability of the optical lens  10 , that is, a capability that the optical lens  10  photographs an object image far away from the optical lens  10 . Based on the specified ratio of the imaging height of the optical lens  10  to the effective focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the telephoto capability of the optical lens  10  can be ensured, to meet different photographing scenarios, and improve user experience. 
     In some implementations of this application, the first component Gl, the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  have N lenses with focal power in total, a value of N is an integer greater than or equal to 7 and less than or equal to 15, and the N lenses with focal power include at least seven aspherical lenses. A quantity of lenses with focal power in the optical lens  10  is limited to 7 to 15 (including 7 and 15). Therefore, a wide zooming range and a better imaging effect of the optical lens  10  are implemented while it is ensured that a size of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small. In addition, a quantity of aspherical lenses in the N lenses with focal power is limited to at least 7, to effectively correct aberration, ensure a photographing effect of the optical lens  10 , and improve user experience. 
     In some implementations of this application, edge parts of some lenses in the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  may be cut to increase light flux. It may be understood that a three-dimensional coordinate system is established by using a plane of a screen of the mobile phone as an X-Y plane and a thickness of the mobile phone as a Z direction. Generally, a lens of an optical lens of the mobile phone is parallel to the X-Y plane. However, in this application, the refraction member G 21  is disposed, and the lenses in the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are parallel to an X-Z plane. If edge parts of some lenses are not cut, a diameter of the lens is limited to the thickness of the mobile phone, that is, a maximum size of a lens on the X-Z plane cannot be greater than the thickness of the mobile phone. If edge parts of some lenses are cut, a part of the lens on the Z-axis is cut, and a size of the lens in an X direction is not limited to a thickness on the Z-axis, so that the light flux is increased. In addition, a size of the optical lens  10  is effectively reduced, to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens  10 , and implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . 
     In some implementations of this application, the optical lens  10  meets the following relation: 
       4 mm≤φmax≤15 mm
 
     where φmax is a diameter of a largest lens in the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 . 
     The specified range of the diameter of the largest lens in the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  represents a size of the largest lens in the optical lens  10 . When the range of the diameter of the largest lens in the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  meets the foregoing relation, miniaturization of the optical lens  10  can be facilitated. When the optical lens  10  is applied to the terminal  1000 , smaller space of the terminal  1000  is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . 
     In this application, different components (including the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 ) of the optical lens  10  have different optical performance. Components with different optical performance cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. In some implementations of this application, the first component G 1  has positive focal power, the second component G 2  has negative focal power, the third component G 3  has positive focal power, and the fourth component G 4  has positive focal power, and the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  cooperate with each other to obtain a required optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  can obtain higher imaging quality. 
     In this application, to enable the optical lens  10  to obtain required optical performance and the zooming range of the optical lens  10  to be sufficiently wide, the components cooperate with each other, so that the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. The lenses in the components have different optical performance. 
     In some implementations of this application, the first component G 1  meets the following relation: 
       1.0≤ |fs   1   /ft|≤ 1.7
 
     where fs 1  is a focal length of the first component G 1 , and ft is a focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the first component G 1  can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations of this application, the second component G 2  has negative focal power, and the second component G 2  meets the following relation: 
       0.1≤| fs   2   /ft|≤ 0.7
 
     where fs 2  is a focal length of the second component G 2 , and ft is the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the second component G 2  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the second component G 2  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the second component G 2  can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations of this application, the third component G 3  has positive focal power, and the third component G 3  meets the following relation: 
       0.1≤| fs   3   /ft| ≤0.7
 
     where fs 3  is a focal length of the third component G 3 , and ft is the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the third component G 3  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is specified. In this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the third component G 3  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the third component G 3  can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations of this application, the fourth component G 4  has positive focal power, and the fourth component G 4  meets the following relation: 
       0.3≤| fs   4   /ft|≤ 0.9
 
     where fs 4  is a focal length of the fourth component G 4 , and ft is the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state. 
     In the foregoing relation, a range of the ratio of the focal length of the fourth component G 4  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is specified. The fourth component G 4  is mainly configured to correct aberration of an optical system, to improve imaging quality. In addition, in this implementation, when the range of the ratio of the fourth component G 4  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state meets the foregoing relation, the fourth component G 4  can cooperate with another lens to obtain a required optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  has a wider zooming range, and can obtain better imaging. 
     In some implementations of this application, the fourth component G 4  includes a glued lens. The glued lens is a lens obtained by physically connecting two lenses through gluing. The glued lens is disposed in the fourth component G 4 , to help correct spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  can obtain better imaging quality. 
     In some implementations of this application, the optical lens  10  includes a stop, and the stop is located on an object side surface of the third component G 3 . In other words, the stop is located between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3 , to limit a size of a light beam transmitted from the second component G 2  to the third component G 3 , so as to ensure that the optical lens  10  implements a better imaging effect. Certainly, in another implementation, the stop may be disposed between other adjacent components. In some implementations of this application, an image side surface and an object side surface of each lens are aspherical surfaces, and the image side surface and the object side surface of each lens meet the following formula: 
     
       
         
           
             z 
             = 
             
               
                 
                   c 
                   ⁢ 
                   
                     r 
                     2 
                   
                 
                 
                   1 
                   + 
                   
                     
                       1 
                       - 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             1 
                             + 
                             K 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           c 
                           2 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           r 
                           2 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   2 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   4 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   3 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   6 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   4 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   8 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   5 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     0 
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   6 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     2 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     where z is a vector height of the aspherical surface, r is a radial coordinate of the aspherical surface, c is a spherical curvature of a vertex on the aspherical surface, K is a conic constant, and A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , and A 6  are aspherical coefficients. 
     Based on the foregoing relation, different aspherical lenses are obtained, so that different lenses can implement different optical effects, to implement a good photographing effect through cooperation between different aspherical lenses. 
     Based on the relation and the range that are given in some implementations of this application, with a configuration manner of each lens in each component and a combination of lenses with a specified optical design, the zooming range of the optical lens  10  can be sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     The following more specifically describes some specific non-limiting examples of the implementations of this application with reference to  FIG.  11    to  FIG.  55   . 
       FIG.  11    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens  10  according to Implementation 1 of this application. In this implementation, the optical lens  10  has four components: the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 . The first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are successively disposed from the object side to the image side. In  FIG.  11   , to facilitate understanding of a movement relationship between the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 , the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxially disposed. In  FIG.  11   , the refraction member G 21  does not represent an actual structure, but is merely an example. Actually, the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxial. The refraction member G 21  is located on a side of the second component G 2  that faces away from the third component G 3 , and the first component G 1  is disposed on a side of the refraction member G 21  that faces away from the bottom wall  33 . 
     When the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, that is, when the optical lens  10  is in a telescope state, the ratio (TTL/EFLmax) of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.221. The ratio (IH/EFLmax) of the imaging height of the optical lens  10  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.099. The foregoing limit value ensures that the thickness of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small, to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . When the optical lens  10  is applied to the terminal  1000 , smaller space of the terminal  1000  is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . In addition, the telephoto capability of the optical lens  10  can be ensured, to meet different photographing scenarios, and improve user experience. 
     The first component G 1  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 1 /ft| of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.40. The second component G 2  has negative focal power, and the ratio |fs 2 /ft| of the focal length of the second component G 2  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.28. The third component G 3  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 3 /ft| of the focal length of the third component G 3  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.30. The fourth component G 4  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 4 /ft| of the focal length of the fourth component G 4  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.67. Components with different optical performance cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     The optical lens  10  includes  11  lenses. Specifically, the first component G 1  includes a first lens G 11 , and the  1 st lens in the first component Gl is the first lens G 11 . The second component G 2  includes the refraction member G 21 , a second lens G 22 , and a third lens G 23 , the  1 st lens in the second component G 2  is the refraction member G 21 , the  2 nd lens in the second component G 2  is the second lens G 22 , and the  3 rd lens in the second component G 2  is the third lens G 23 . The third component G 3  includes a fourth lens G 31 , a fifth lens G 32 , a sixth lens G 33 , and a seventh lens G 34 , the  1 st lens in the third component G 3  is the fourth lens G 31 , the 2 nd  lens in the third component G 3  is the fifth lens G 32 , the 3 rd  lens in the third component G 3  is the sixth lens G 33 , and the  4 th lens in the third component G 3  is the seventh lens G 34 . The fourth component G 4  includes an eighth lens G 41 , a ninth lens G 42 , and a tenth lens G 43 , the  1 st lens in the fourth component G 4  is the eighth lens G 41 , the  2 nd lens in the fourth component G 4  is the ninth lens G 42 , and the 3 rd  lens in the fourth component G 4  is the tenth lens G 43 . In this implementation, the diameter of the largest lens in the optical lens  10  is 13.74 mm, to ensure miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . 
     The first lens G 11  has positive focal power, the second lens G 22  has positive focal power, the third lens G 23  has negative focal power, the fourth lens G 31  has positive focal power, the fifth lens G 32  has positive focal power, the sixth lens G 33  has negative focal power, the seventh lens G 34  has negative focal power, the eighth lens G 41  has positive focal power, the ninth lens G 42  has negative focal power, and the tenth lens G 43  has positive focal power. Different lenses cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     Referring to  FIG.  12    and  FIG.  13   , in this implementation, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming, the first component Gl, the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  separately move a 1 ong the optical axis. Specifically, for example, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the long-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component Gl, the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  increases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  first increases and then decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  increases. When the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the micro-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1  moves towards the image side, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  decreases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  decreases. 
     Based on the foregoing relation, basic parameters in Implementation 1 of this application are shown in the following Table 1. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 1 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Focal length 
                 10.72 
                 mm 
                 19.93 
                 mm 
                 30.17 
                 mm 
                 9.95 
                 mm 
               
               
                 f 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 F-number 
                 2.48 
                 3.02 
                 3.53 
                 2.67 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Imaging 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
               
               
                 height IH 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Half FOV 
                 15.64° 
                 8.57° 
                 5.68° 
                 16.79° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 BFL 
                 0.72 
                 mm 
                 3.04 
                 mm 
                 6.30 
                 mm 
                 3.14 
                 mm 
               
               
                 Extension 
                 2.73 
                 mm 
                 8.50 
                 mm 
                 10.97 
                 mm 
                 1.76 
                 mm 
               
               
                 length 
               
               
                 Fixed length 
                 34.1 
                 mm 
                 34.1 
                 mm 
                 34.1 
                 mm 
                 34.1 
                 mm 
               
               
                 TTL 
                 36.85 
                 mm 
                 42.62 
                 mm 
                 45.09 
                 mm 
                 35.88 
                 mm 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Designed wavelength 
                 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Meanings of symbols in the table are as follows: 
     W: the optical lens  10  is in the wide-angle state; 
     C: the optical lens  10  is in the medium-focus state; 
     T: the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state; 
     M: the optical lens  10  is in the micro-focus state; 
     f: a total focal length of the optical lens  10 ; 
     extension length: the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2 ; and 
     fixed length: a distance between the refraction member G 21  and the photosensitive element  20 . 
     It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, meanings represented by the foregoing symbols in this application are the same when the symbols subsequently occur again, and details are not described again. 
     Table 2 shows a curvature radius, a thickness, a refractive index, and an Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1 of this application. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Curvature radius, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of 
               
               
                 each component lens of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 1 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 R 
                 Thickness 
                 nd 
                 Vd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 64.846 
                 d1 
                 1.662 
                 n1 
                 1.49 
                 v1 
                 70.4 
               
               
                 R2 
                 −29.900 
                 a1 
                 1.071 
               
               
                 R3 
                 Inf 
                 d2 
                 9.164 
                 n2 
                 2.00 
                 v2 
                 28.3 
               
               
                 R4 
                 Inf 
                 a2 
                 0.320 
               
               
                 R5 
                 −364.927 
                 d3 
                 0.590 
                 n3 
                 1.67 
                 v3 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −18.155 
                 a3 
                 0.396 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −8.760 
                 d4 
                 0.380 
                 n4 
                 1.54 
                 v4 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 R8 
                 5.846 
                 a4 
                 7.161 
               
               
                 R9 
                 5.606 
                 d5 
                 1.092 
                 n5 
                 1.59 
                 v5 
                 68.4 
               
               
                 R10 
                 42.544 
                 a5 
                 0.083 
               
               
                 R11 
                 5.112 
                 d6 
                 0.882 
                 n6 
                 1.54 
                 v6 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 R12 
                 16.092 
                 a6 
                 0.850 
               
               
                 R13 
                 18.901 
                 d7 
                 0.411 
                 n7 
                 1.67 
                 v7 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R14 
                 6.441 
                 a7 
                 0.279 
               
               
                 R15 
                 7.096 
                 d8 
                 0.401 
                 n8 
                 1.67 
                 v8 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R16 
                 5.390 
                 a8 
                 3.295 
               
               
                 R17 
                 5.592 
                 d9 
                 1.769 
                 n9 
                 1.54 
                 v9 
                 59.7 
               
               
                 R18 
                 24.377 
                 a9 
                 2.015 
               
               
                 R19 
                 −37.443 
                 d10 
                 0.408 
                 n10 
                 1.83 
                 v10 
                 37.3 
               
               
                 R20 
                 9.625 
                 a10 
                 1.576 
               
               
                 R21 
                 9.742 
                 d11 
                 0.801 
                 n11 
                 1.67 
                 v11 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R22 
                 −491.581 
                 a11 
                 0.530 
               
               
                 R23 
                 Inf 
                 d12 
                 0.211 
                 n12 
                 1.52 
                 v12 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 R24 
                 Inf 
                 a12 
                 1.500 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Meanings of symbols in the table are as follows: 
     R 1 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the first lens G 11 ; 
     R 2 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the first lens G 11 ; 
     R 3 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     R 4 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     R 5 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the second lens G 22 ; 
     R 6 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the second lens G 22 ; 
     R 7 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the third lens G 23 ; 
     R 8 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the third lens G 23 ; 
     R 9 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     R 10 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     R 11 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     R 12 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     R 13 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     R 14 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     R 15 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     R 16 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     R 17 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     R 18 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     R 19 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     R 20 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     R 21 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the tenth lens G 43 ; 
     R 22 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the tenth lens G 43 ; 
     R 23 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the infrared filter  40 ; 
     R 24 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the infrared filter  40 ; 
     d 1 : an on-axis thickness of the first lens G 11 ; 
     d 2 : an on-axis thickness of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     d 3 : an on-axis thickness of the second lens G 22 ; 
     d 4 : an on-axis thickness of the third lens G 23 ; 
     d 5 : an on-axis thickness of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     d 6 : an on-axis thickness of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     d 7 : an on-axis thickness of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     d 8 : an on-axis thickness of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     d 9 : an on-axis thickness of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     d 10 : an on-axis thickness of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     d 11 : an on-axis thickness of the tenth lens G 43 ; 
     d 12 : an on-axis thickness of the filter; 
     a 1 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the first lens G 11  and the object side surface of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     a 2 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the refraction member G 21  and the object side surface of the second lens G 22 ; 
     a 3 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the second lens G 22  and the object side surface of the third lens G 23 ; 
     a 4 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the third lens G 23  and the object side surface of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     a 5 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the fourth lens G 31  and the object side surface of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     a 6 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the fifth lens G 32  and the object side surface of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     a 7 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the sixth lens G 33  and the object side surface of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     a 8 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the seventh lens G 34  and the object side surface of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     a 9 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the eighth lens G 41  and the object side surface of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     a 10 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the ninth lens G 42  and the object side surface of the tenth lens G 43 ; 
     a 11 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the tenth lens G 43  and the object side surface of the infrared filter  40 ; 
     a 12 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the infrared filter  40  and the object side surface of the photosensitive element  20 ; 
     n 1 : a refractive index of the first lens G 11 ; 
     n 2 : a refractive index of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     n 3 : a refractive index of the second lens G 22 ; 
     n 4 : a refractive index of the third lens G 23 ; 
     n 5 : a refractive index of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     n 6 : a refractive index of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     n 7 : a refractive index of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     n 8 : a refractive index of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     n 9 : a refractive index of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     n 10 : a refractive index of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     n 11 : a refractive index of the tenth lens G 43 ; 
     n 12 : a refractive index of the infrared filter  40 ; 
     v 1 : an Abbe number of the first lens G 11 ; 
     v 2 : an Abbe number of the refraction member G 21 ; 
     v 3 : an Abbe number of the second lens G 22 ; 
     v 4 : an Abbe number of the third lens G 23 ; 
     v 5 : an Abbe number of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     v 6 : an Abbe number of the fifth lens G 32 ; 
     v 7 : an Abbe number of the sixth lens G 33 ; 
     v 8 : an Abbe number of the seventh lens G 34 ; 
     v 9 : an Abbe number of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     v 10 : an Abbe number of the ninth lens G 42 ; 
     v 11 : an Abbe number of the tenth lens G 43 ; and 
     v 12 : an Abbe number of the infrared filter  40 . 
     It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, meanings represented by the foregoing symbols in this application are the same when the symbols subsequently occur again, and details are not described again. A positive or negative curvature radius indicates that an optical surface is convex towards the object side or the image side. When the optical surface (including the object side surface or the image side surface) is convex towards the object side, a curvature radius of the optical surface is a positive value. When the optical surface (including the object side surface or the image side surface) is convex towards the image side, it is equivalent to that the optical surface is concave towards the object side, and a curvature radius of the optical surface is a negative value. 
     Table 3 shows aspherical coefficients of the optical lens  10  in this implementation. In this embodiment, there are  14  aspherical surfaces in the optical lens  10 , and details are shown in Table 3. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical coefficients of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 1 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Type 
                 K 
                 A2 
                 A3 
                 A4 
                 A5 
                 A6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 5.03E−05 
                 1.95E−07 
                 6.80E−09 
                 −2.03E−10 
                 1.16E−12 
               
               
                 R2 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 6.56E−05 
                 1.77E−07 
                 4.53E−09 
                 −2.02E−10 
                 1.37E−12 
               
               
                 R5 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −4.38E−03  
                 1.27E−04 
                 5.52E−06 
                 −6.16E−07 
                 4.52E−08 
               
               
                 R6 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −3.59E−03  
                 −2.24E−06  
                 1.54E−05 
                 −9.07E−07 
                 4.69E−08 
               
               
                 R7 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −2.60E−03  
                 1.34E−04 
                 −1.47E−05  
                  1.60E−06 
                 −5.94E−08  
               
               
                 R8 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −5.58E−03  
                 4.59E−04 
                 −4.44E−05  
                  2.81E−06 
                 −7.92E−08  
               
               
                 R11 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 2.47E−05 
                 8.18E−05 
                 3.67E−06 
                  2.82E−07 
                 −3.42E−08  
               
               
                 R12 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.88E−03 
                 8.68E−05 
                 1.77E−06 
                 −1.23E−06 
                 3.62E−08 
               
               
                 R13 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 3.56E−03 
                 −3.28E−05  
                 8.45E−06 
                 −1.96E−06 
                 3.82E−08 
               
               
                 R14 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −1.32E−03  
                 7.13E−04 
                 7.22E−05 
                  3.20E−06 
                 −1.58E−07  
               
               
                 R15 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 8.63E−04 
                 3.95E−04 
                 6.81E−05 
                  2.16E−06 
                 −9.15E−07  
               
               
                 R16 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 7.88E−03 
                 −3.22E−05  
                 −5.18E−06  
                  5.83E−07 
                 −7.43E−07  
               
               
                 R21 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.40E−03 
                 3.55E−07 
                 2.98E−05 
                 −3.41E−06 
                 2.40E−07 
               
               
                 R22 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.85E−03 
                 −4.37E−05  
                 4.86E−05 
                 −5.89E−06 
                 4.02E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     K is a conic constant, and symbols such as A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , and A 6  represent the aspherical coefficients. It should be noted that each parameter in the table is represented through scientific notation. For example, −1.07E- 01  means−1.07×10 −1 , and −4.11E- 02  means −4.11×10 −2 . It should be noted that, unless otherwise explained, when symbols such as K, A 2 , A 3 , A 4 , A 5 , and A 6  in this application subsequently occur again, the symbols represent same meanings as those herein, and details are not described again below. 
     The foregoing parameters are substituted into the following formula: 
     
       
         
           
             z 
             = 
             
               
                 
                   c 
                   ⁢ 
                   
                     r 
                     2 
                   
                 
                 
                   1 
                   + 
                   
                     
                       1 
                       - 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             1 
                             + 
                             K 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           c 
                           2 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           r 
                           2 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   2 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   4 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   3 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   6 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   4 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   8 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   5 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     0 
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   6 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     2 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     Each lens of the optical lens  10  in this implementation can be designed and obtained, where z is a vector height of the aspherical surface, r is a radial coordinate of the aspherical surface, and c is a spherical curvature of a vertex on the aspherical surface. 
     In this implementation, different lenses of the optical lens  10  that are designed by using the foregoing parameters can play different roles, so that the optical lens  10  with good imaging quality is obtained through cooperation between the lenses. 
     Table 4 shows object distances and component distances of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state in this implementation, as shown in Table 4. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Object distances and component distances of the optical lens 
               
               
                 10 in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide- 
               
               
                 angle state, and the micro-focus state in Implementation 1 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 a0 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 50 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a1 
                 1.07 mm 
                 6.84 mm 
                 9.30 mm 
                 0.10 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a4 
                 7.16 mm 
                 3.35 mm 
                 0.83 mm 
                 6.94 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a8 
                 3.30 mm 
                 4.71 mm 
                 3.40 mm 
                 0.81 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a11 
                 0.53 mm 
                 2.93 mm 
                 6.76 mm 
                 3.25 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG.  14    to  FIG.  25    are characterization diagrams of optical performance of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1. 
     Specifically,  FIG.  14    shows axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  15    shows axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  16    shows axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  17    shows axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1. In  FIG.  14    to  FIG.  17   , a vertical coordinate represents a normalized pupil coordinate, a horizontal coordinate represents chromatic aberration in an axial direction, and a unit is millimeter. It may be learned from  FIG.  14    to  FIG.  17    that, in this implementation, axial chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state is controlled within a very small range. 
       FIG.  18    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  19    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  20    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1.  FIG.  21    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1. In  FIG.  18    to  FIG.  21   , a vertical coordinate represents a field of view angle in a unit of degree (°), a horizontal coordinate is in a unit of micrometer (μm), and an unmarked dotted line represents a diffraction limit. In  FIG.  18    to  FIG.  21   , the dotted line represents a diffraction limit range of the optical lens  10 . It may be learned from  FIG.  18    to  FIG.  21    that lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1 is basically within the diffraction limit, that is, lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1 basically does not affect imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
       FIG.  22    to  FIG.  25    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state, to indicate a difference between a deformed image and an ideal shape after light passes through the optical lens  10 . Solid lines in the left figures of  FIG.  22    to  FIG.  25    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a meridian direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Dashed/dotted lines in  FIG.  22    to  FIG.  25    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a sagittal direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Right figures of  FIG.  22    to  FIG.  25    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 1. It may be learned from  FIG.  22    to  FIG.  25   , in this implementation, the optical system controls distortion to be within a range in which distortion can be identified by the naked eye. 
     In the optical lens  10  provided in this implementation, with a configuration manner of each lens in each component and a combination of lenses with a specified optical design, the optical lens  10  can be miniaturized and the zooming range thereof can be sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
       FIG.  26    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens  10  according to Implementation 2 of this application. In this implementation, the optical lens  10  has four components: the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 . The first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are successively disposed from the object side to the image side. In  FIG.  26   , to facilitate understanding of a movement relationship between the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 , the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxially disposed. In  FIG.  26   , the refraction member G 21  does not represent an actual structure, but is merely an example. Actually, the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxial. The refraction member G 21  is located on a side of the second component G 2  that faces away from the third component G 3 , and the first component G 1  is disposed on a side of the refraction member G 21  that faces away from the bottom wall  33 . 
     When the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, that is, when the optical lens  10  is in a telescope state, the ratio (TTL/EFLmax) of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.478. The ratio (IH/EFLmax) of the imaging height of the optical lens  10  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.097. The foregoing limit value ensures that the thickness of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small, to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . When the optical lens  10  is applied to the terminal  1000 , smaller space of the terminal  1000  is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . In addition, the telephoto capability of the optical lens  10  can be ensured, to meet different photographing scenarios, and improve user experience. 
     The first component G 1  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 1 /ft| of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.49. The second component G 2  has negative focal power, and the ratio |fs 2 /ft| of the focal length of the second component G 2  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.301. The third component G 3  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 3 /ft| of the focal length of the third component G 3  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.313. The fourth component G 4  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 4 /ft| of the focal length of the fourth component G 4  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.723. Components with different optical performance cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     The optical lens  10  includes  12  lenses. Specifically, the first component G 1  includes a first lens G 11 , and the  1 st lens in the first component G 1  is the first lens G 11 . The second component G 2  includes the refraction member G 21 , a second lens G 22 , a third lens G 23 , and an eleventh lens G 24 , the  1 st lens in the second component G 2  is the refraction member G 21 , the  2 nd lens in the second component G 2  is the second lens G 22 , the  3   rd  lens in the second component G 2  is the third lens G 23 , and the  4 th lens in the second component G 2  is the eleventh lens G 24 . The third component G 3  includes a fourth lens G 31 , a fifth lens G 32 , a sixth lens G 33 , and a seventh lens G 34 , the  1 st lens in the third component G 3  is the fourth lens G 31 , the  2   nd  lens in the third component G 3  is the fifth lens G 32 , the  3   rd  lens in the third component G 3  is the sixth lens G 33 , and the  4   th  lens in the third component G 3  is the seventh lens G 34 . The fourth component G 4  includes an eighth lens G 41 , a ninth lens G 42 , and a tenth lens G 43 , the  1   st  lens in the fourth component G 4  is the eighth lens G 41 , the  2   nd  lens in the fourth component G 4  is the ninth lens G 42 , and the  3   rd  lens in the fourth component G 4  is the tenth lens G 43 . In this implementation, the diameter of the largest lens in the optical lens  10  is 12.79 mm, to ensure miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . 
     The first lens G 11  has positive focal power, the second lens G 22  has positive focal power, the third lens G 23  has negative focal power, the fourth lens G 31  has positive focal power, the fifth lens G 32  has positive focal power, the sixth lens G 33  has negative focal power, the seventh lens G 34  has negative focal power, the eighth lens G 41  has positive focal power, the ninth lens G 42  has negative focal power, the tenth lens G 43  has positive focal power, and the eleventh lens G 24  has negative focal power. Different lenses cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     Referring to  FIG.  27    and  FIG.  28   , in this implementation, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  separately move a 1 ong the optical axis. Specifically, for example, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the long-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  increases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  first increases and then decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  increases. When the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the micro-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1  moves towards the image side, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  decreases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  decreases. 
     Based on the foregoing relation, basic parameters in Implementation 2 of this application are shown in the following Table 5. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 2 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Focal length 
                 11.58 
                 mm 
                 20.43 
                 mm 
                 30.82 
                 mm 
                 10.22 
                 mm 
               
               
                 f 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 F-number 
                 2.65 
                 3.17 
                 3.67 
                 2.77 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Imaging 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
               
               
                 height IH 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Half FOV 
                 14.53° 
                 8.36° 
                 5.56° 
                 16.37° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 BFL 
                 0.71 
                 mm 
                 2.81 
                 mm 
                 6.29 
                 mm 
                 3.20 
                 mm 
               
               
                 Extension 
                 1.33 
                 mm 
                 7.89 
                 mm 
                 11.06 
                 mm 
                 1.32 
                 mm 
               
               
                 length 
               
               
                 Fixed length 
                 34.5 
                 mm 
                 34.5 
                 mm 
                 34.5 
                 mm 
                 34.5 
                 mm 
               
               
                 TTL 
                 35.83 
                 mm 
                 42.40 
                 mm 
                 45.56 
                 mm 
                 35.82 
                 mm 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Designed wavelength 
                 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 6 shows a curvature radius, a thickness, a refractive index, and an Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2 of this application, as shown in Table 6. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Curvature radius, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of 
               
               
                 each component lens of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 2 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 R 
                 Thickness 
                 nd 
                 Vd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 118.156 
                 d1 
                 1.208 
                 n1 
                 1.49 
                 v1 
                 81.8 
               
               
                 R2 
                 −27.423 
                 a1 
                 0.125 
               
               
                 R3 
                 Inf 
                 d2 
                 9.164 
                 n2 
                 2.00 
                 v2 
                 28.3 
               
               
                 R4 
                 Inf 
                 a2 
                 0.292 
               
               
                 R5 
                 −100.261 
                 d3 
                 0.516 
                 n3 
                 1.67 
                 v3 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −17.235 
                 a3 
                 0.300 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −8.751 
                 d4 
                 0.300 
                 n4 
                 1.53 
                 v4 
                 51.5 
               
               
                 R8 
                 −30.000 
                 a4 
                 0.056 
               
               
                 R25 
                 Inf 
                 d13 
                 0.263 
                 n13 
                 1.55 
                 v13 
                 53.6 
               
               
                 R26 
                 5.642 
                 a13 
                 6.729 
               
               
                 R9 
                 5.623 
                 d5 
                 1.172 
                 n5 
                 1.57 
                 v5 
                 71.2 
               
               
                 R10 
                 42.293 
                 a5 
                 0.103 
               
               
                 R11 
                 5.158 
                 d6 
                 0.887 
                 n6 
                 1.55 
                 v6 
                 45.8 
               
               
                 R12 
                 16.130 
                 a6 
                 0.884 
               
               
                 R13 
                 18.601 
                 d7 
                 0.405 
                 n7 
                 1.67 
                 v7 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R14 
                 6.388 
                 a7 
                 0.295 
               
               
                 R15 
                 7.219 
                 d8 
                 0.381 
                 n8 
                 1.65 
                 v8 
                 21.5 
               
               
                 R16 
                 5.373 
                 a8 
                 3.441 
               
               
                 R17 
                 5.517 
                 d9 
                 1.774 
                 n9 
                 1.56 
                 v9 
                 67.3 
               
               
                 R18 
                 24.015 
                 a9 
                 2.079 
               
               
                 R19 
                 −68.785 
                 d10 
                 0.404 
                 n10 
                 1.83 
                 v10 
                 37.3 
               
               
                 R20 
                 7.963 
                 a10 
                 1.913 
               
               
                 R21 
                 8.479 
                 d11 
                 0.724 
                 n11 
                 1.67 
                 v11 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R22 
                 47.983 
                 a11 
                 0.708 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Meanings of symbols in the table are as follows: 
     R 25 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of the eleventh lens G 24 ; 
     R 26 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the eleventh lens G 24 ; 
     d 13 : an on-axis thickness of the eleventh lens G 24 ; 
     a 4 : an on-axis distance between an image side surface of the third lens G 23  and the object side surface of the eleventh lens G 24 ; 
     a 13 : an on-axis distance between the image side surface of the eleventh lens G 24  and an object side surface of the fourth lens G 31 ; 
     n 13 : a refractive index of the eleventh lens G 24 ; and 
     v 13 : an Abbe number of the eleventh lens G 24 . 
     Table 7 shows aspherical coefficients of the optical lens  10  in this implementation. In this embodiment, there are  15  aspherical surfaces in the optical lens  10 , and details are shown in Table 7. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical coefficients of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 2 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Type 
                 K 
                 A2 
                 A3 
                 A4 
                 A5 
                 A6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 5.03E−05 
                 1.95E−07 
                 6.80E−09 
                 −2.03E−10 
                 1.16E−12 
               
               
                 R2 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 6.56E−05 
                 1.77E−07 
                 4.53E−09 
                 −2.02E−10 
                 1.37E−12 
               
               
                 R5 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −4.38E−03  
                 1.27E−04 
                 5.52E−06 
                 −6.16E−07 
                 4.52E−08 
               
               
                 R6 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −3.59E−03  
                 −2.24E−06  
                 1.54E−05 
                 −9.07E−07 
                 4.69E−08 
               
               
                 R7 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −2.60E−03  
                 1.34E−04 
                 −1.47E−05  
                  1.60E−06 
                 −5.94E−08  
               
               
                 R8 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −5.58E−03  
                 4.59E−04 
                 −4.44E−05  
                  2.81E−06 
                 −7.92E−08  
               
               
                 R11 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 2.47E−05 
                 8.18E−05 
                 3.67E−06 
                  2.82E−07 
                 −3.42E−08  
               
               
                 R12 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.88E−03 
                 8.68E−05 
                 1.77E−06 
                 −1.23E−06 
                 3.62E−08 
               
               
                 R13 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 3.56E−03 
                 −3.28E−05  
                 8.45E−06 
                 −1.96E−06 
                 3.82E−08 
               
               
                 R14 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −1.32E−03  
                 7.13E−04 
                 7.22E−05 
                  3.20E−06 
                 −1.58E−07  
               
               
                 R15 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 8.63E−04 
                 3.95E−04 
                 6.81E−05 
                  2.16E−06 
                 −9.15E−07  
               
               
                 R16 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 7.88E−03 
                 −3.22E−05  
                 −5.18E−06  
                  5.83E−07 
                 −7.43E−07  
               
               
                 R21 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.40E−03 
                 3.55E−07 
                 2.98E−05 
                 −3.41E−06 
                 2.40E−07 
               
               
                 R22 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.85E−03 
                 −4.37E−05  
                 4.86E−05 
                 −5.89E−06 
                 4.02E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The foregoing parameters are substituted into the following formula: 
     
       
         
           
             z 
             = 
             
               
                 
                   c 
                   ⁢ 
                   
                     r 
                     2 
                   
                 
                 
                   1 
                   + 
                   
                     
                       1 
                       - 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             1 
                             + 
                             K 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           c 
                           2 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           r 
                           2 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   2 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   4 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   3 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   6 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   4 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   8 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   5 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     0 
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   6 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     2 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     Each lens of the optical lens  10  in this implementation can be designed and obtained, where z is a vector height of the aspherical surface, r is a radial coordinate of the aspherical surface, and c is a spherical curvature of a vertex on the aspherical surface. 
     In this implementation, different lenses of the optical lens  10  that are designed by using the foregoing parameters can play different roles, so that the optical lens  10  with good imaging quality is obtained through cooperation between the lenses. 
     Table 8 shows object distances and component distances of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state in this implementation, as shown in Table 8. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Object distances and component distances of the optical lens 
               
               
                 10 in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide- 
               
               
                 angle state, and the micro-focus state in Implementation 2 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 a0 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 50 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a1 
                 0.13 mm 
                 6.69 mm 
                 9.85 mm 
                 0.12 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a13 
                 6.73 mm 
                 3.26 mm 
                 0.73 mm 
                 7.24 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a8 
                 3.44 mm 
                 4.81 mm 
                 3.86 mm 
                 0.43 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                 a11 
                 0.71 mm 
                 2.81 mm 
                 6.29 mm 
                 3.20 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG.  29    to  FIG.  40    are characterization diagrams of optical performance of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2. 
     Specifically,  FIG.  29    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  30    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  31    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  32    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2. In  FIG.  29    to  FIG.  32   , a vertical coordinate represents a normalized pupil coordinate, a horizontal coordinate represents aberration in an axial direction, and a unit is millimeter. It may be learned from  FIG.  29    to  FIG.  32    that, in this implementation, axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state is controlled within a very small range. 
       FIG.  33    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  34    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  35    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2.  FIG.  36    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2. In  FIG.  33    to  FIG.  36   , a vertical coordinate represents a field of view angle in a unit of degree (°), and a horizontal coordinate is in a unit of micrometer (μm). In  FIG.  32    to  FIG.  36   , an unmarked dotted line represents a diffraction limit range of the optical lens  10 . It may be learned from  FIG.  33    to  FIG.  36    that lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2 is basically within the diffraction limit, that is, lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2 basically does not affect imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
       FIG.  37    to  FIG.  40    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state, to indicate a difference between a deformed image and an ideal shape after light passes through the optical lens  10 . Solid lines in the left figures of  FIG.  37    to  FIG.  40    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a meridian direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of  555  nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Dashed/dotted lines in  FIG.  37    to  FIG.  40    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a sagittal direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Right figures of  FIG.  37    to  FIG.  40    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 2. It may be learned from  FIG.  37    to  FIG.  40   , in this implementation, the optical system controls distortion to be within a range in which distortion can be identified by the naked eye. 
     In the optical lens  10  provided in this implementation, with a configuration manner of each lens in each component and a combination of lenses with a specified optical design, the optical lens  10  can be miniaturized and the zooming range thereof can be sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
       FIG.  41    is a schematic diagram of a structure of an optical lens  10  according to Implementation 3 of this application. In this implementation, the optical lens  10  has four components: the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 . The first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are successively disposed from the object side to the image side. In  FIG.  41   , to facilitate understanding of a movement relationship between the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4 , the first component G 1 , the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxially disposed. In  FIG.  41   , the refraction member G 21  does not represent an actual structure, but is merely an example. Actually, the second component G 2 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  are coaxial. The refraction member G 21  is located on a side of the second component G 2  that faces away from the third component G 3 , and the first component G 1  is disposed on a side of the refraction member G 21  that faces away from the bottom wall  33 . 
     When the optical lens  10  is in the long-focus state, that is, when the optical lens  10  is in a telescope state, the ratio (TTL/EFLmax) of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.488. The ratio (IH/EFLmax) of the imaging height of the optical lens  10  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.097. The foregoing limit value ensures that the thickness of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently small, to facilitate miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . When the optical lens  10  is applied to the terminal  1000 , smaller space of the terminal  1000  is occupied, to implement thinning of the terminal  1000 . In addition, the telephoto capability of the optical lens  10  can be ensured, to meet different photographing scenarios, and improve user experience. 
     The first component G 1  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 1 /ft| of the focal length of the first component G 1  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 1.38. The second component G 2  has negative focal power, and the ratio |fs 2 /ft| of the focal length of the second component G 2  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.27. The third component G 3  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 3 /ft| of the focal length of the third component G 3  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.29. The fourth component G 4  has positive focal power, and the ratio |fs 4 /ft| of the focal length of the fourth component G 4  to the focal length of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state is 0.65. Components with different optical performance cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     The optical lens  10  includes  11  lenses. Specifically, the first component G 1  includes a first lens G 11 , and the  1 st lens in the first component G 1  is the first lens G 11 . The second component G 2  includes the refraction member G 21 , a second lens G 22 , and a third lens G 23 , the  1 st lens in the second component G 2  is the refraction member G 21 , the  2 nd lens in the second component G 2  is the second lens G 22 , and the  3 rd lens in the second component G 2  is the third lens G 23 . The third component G 3  includes a fourth lens G 31 , a fifth lens G 32 , a sixth lens G 33 , and a seventh lens G 34 , the  1 st lens in the third component G 3  is the fourth lens G 31 , the  2 nd lens in the third component G 3  is the fifth lens G 32 , the  3 rd lens in the third component G 3  is the sixth lens G 33 , and the  4 th lens in the third component G 3  is the seventh lens G 34 . The fourth component G 4  includes an eighth lens G 41 , a ninth lens G 42 , and a tenth lens G 43 , the  1 st lens in the fourth component G 4  is the eighth lens G 41 , the  2 nd lens in the fourth component G 4  is the ninth lens G 42 , and the  3 rd lens in the fourth component G 4  is the tenth lens G 43 . In this implementation, the diameter of the largest lens in the optical lens  10  is 13.78 mm, to ensure miniaturization of the optical lens  10 . The eighth lens G 41  is a glued lens, to help correct chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10 , so that the optical lens  10  can obtain better imaging quality. 
     The first lens G 11  has positive focal power, the second lens G 22  has positive focal power, the third lens G 23  has negative focal power, the fourth lens G 31  has positive focal power, the fifth lens G 32  has positive focal power, the sixth lens G 33  has negative focal power, the seventh lens G 34  has negative focal power, the eighth lens G 41  has positive focal power, the ninth lens G 42  has negative focal power, the tenth lens G 43  has positive focal power, and the eleventh lens G 24  has negative focal power. Different lenses cooperate with each other, so that the zooming range of the optical lens  10  is sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     Referring to  FIG.  42    and  FIG.  43   , in this implementation, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  separately move a 1 ong the optical axis. Specifically, for example, when the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the long-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1 , the third component G 3 , and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  increases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  first increases and then decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  increases. When the optical lens  10  performs zooming from the wide-angle state to the micro-focus state, the second component G 2  does not move, the first component G 1  moves towards the image side, the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  move towards the object side, the distance between the first component G 1  and the second component G 2  decreases, a distance between the second component G 2  and the third component G 3  decreases, a distance between the third component G 3  and the fourth component G 4  decreases, and the total track length of the optical lens  10  decreases. 
     Based on the foregoing relation, basic parameters in Implementation 3 of this application are shown in the following Table 9. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Basic parameters of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 3 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Focal length 
                 11.79 
                 mm 
                 19.97 
                 mm 
                 30.94 
                 mm 
                 10.64 
                 mm 
               
               
                 f 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 F-number 
                 2.69 
                 3.11 
                 3.52 
                 2.75 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Imaging 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
                 3 
                 mm 
               
               
                 height IH 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Half FOV 
                 14.29° 
                 8.55° 
                 5.54° 
                 15.76° 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 BFL 
                 0.72 
                 mm 
                 3.04 
                 mm 
                 6.30 
                 mm 
                 3.14 
                 mm 
               
               
                 Extension 
                 1.83 
                 mm 
                 8.13 
                 mm 
                 12.21 
                 mm 
                 3.12 
                 mm 
               
               
                 length 
               
               
                 Fixed length 
                 33.8 
                 mm 
                 33.8 
                 mm 
                 33.8 
                 mm 
                 33.8 
                 mm 
               
               
                 TTL 
                 35.67 
                 mm 
                 41.96 
                 mm 
                 46.04 
                 mm 
                 36.95 
                 mm 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Designed wavelength 
                 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, 470 nm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 10 shows a curvature radius, a thickness, a refractive index, and an Abbe number of each component lens of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3 of this application, as shown in Table 10. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 10 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Curvature radius, thickness, refractive index, and Abbe number of 
               
               
                 each component lens of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 3 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 R 
                 Thickness 
                 nd 
                 Vd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 161.608 
                 d1 
                 0.336 
                 n1 
                 1.50 
                 v1 
                 81.6 
               
               
                 R2 
                 −24.501 
                 a1 
                 6.130 
               
               
                 R3 
                 Inf 
                 d2 
                 1.129 
                 n2 
                 2.00 
                 v2 
                 28.3 
               
               
                 R4 
                 Inf 
                 a2 
                 0.140 
               
               
                 R5 
                 7457.855 
                 d3 
                 0.890 
                 n3 
                 1.67 
                 v3 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −18.207 
                 a3 
                 0.957 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −8.584 
                 d4 
                 0.414 
                 n4 
                 1.54 
                 v4 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 R8 
                 5.875 
                 a4 
                 0.283 
               
               
                 R9 
                 5.634 
                 d5 
                 0.408 
                 n5 
                 1.59 
                 v5 
                 67.0 
               
               
                 R10 
                 41.906 
                 a5 
                 3.407 
               
               
                 R11 
                 5.104 
                 d6 
                 1.504 
                 n6 
                 1.54 
                 v6 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 R12 
                 15.550 
                 a6 
                 0.299 
               
               
                 R13 
                 17.721 
                 d7 
                 1.883 
                 n7 
                 1.67 
                 v7 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R14 
                 6.356 
                 a7 
                 0.340 
               
               
                 R15 
                 6.781 
                 d8 
                 2.156 
                 n8 
                 1.67 
                 v8 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R16 
                 5.217 
                 a8 
                 0.919 
               
               
                 R27 
                 6.103 
                 d14 
                 0.724 
                 n14 
                 1.54 
                 v14 
                 56.0 
               
               
                 R17 
                 −25.678 
                 d9 
                 0.211 
                 n9 
                 1.64 
                   
                 23.5 
               
               
                 R18 
                 −88.717 
                 a9 
                 1.500 
               
               
                 R19 
                 −20.902 
                 d10 
                 0.336 
                 n10 
                 1.83 
                 v10 
                 37.3 
               
               
                 R20 
                 8.906 
                 a10 
                 6.130 
               
               
                 R21 
                 13.919 
                 d11 
                 1.129 
                 n11 
                 1.67 
                 v11 
                 19.2 
               
               
                 R22 
                 −25.935 
                 a11 
                 0.140 
               
               
                 R23 
                 Inf 
                 d12 
                 0.890 
                 n12 
                 1.52 
                 v12 
                 64.2 
               
               
                 R24 
                 Inf 
                 a12 
                 0.957 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Meanings of symbols in the table are as follows: 
     R 27 : a curvature radius of an object side surface of a surface-mounted film of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     R 17 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of the surface-mounted film of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     R 18 : a curvature radius of an image side surface of a lens of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     d 14 : an on-axis thickness of the surface-mounted film of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     d 9 : an on-axis thickness of the lens of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     n 14 : a refractive index of the surface-mounted film of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     n 9 : a refractive index of the lens of the eighth lens G 41 ; 
     v 14 : an Abbe number of the surface-mounted film of the eighth lens G 41 ; and 
     v 9 : an Abbe number of the lens of the eighth lens G 41 . 
     Table 11 shows aspherical coefficients of the optical lens  10  in this implementation. In this embodiment, there are  14  aspherical surfaces in the optical lens  10 , and details are shown in Table 11. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 11 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Aspherical coefficients of the optical lens 10 in Implementation 3 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Type 
                 K 
                 A2 
                 A3 
                 A4 
                 A5 
                 A6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 4.58E−05 
                 2.16E−07 
                 6.95E−09 
                 −2.10E−10 
                 1.37E−12 
               
               
                 R2 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 7.14E−05 
                 1.71E−07 
                 4.82E−09 
                 −1.88E−10 
                 1.37E−12 
               
               
                 R5 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −4.32E−03  
                 1.32E−04 
                 6.00E−06 
                 −5.89E−07 
                 4.61E−08 
               
               
                 R6 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −3.63E−03  
                 −3.88E−06  
                 1.52E−05 
                 −8.86E−07 
                 4.78E−08 
               
               
                 R7 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −2.68E−03  
                 1.32E−04 
                 −1.49E−05  
                  1.57E−06 
                 −6.31E−08  
               
               
                 R8 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −5.56E−03  
                 4.64E−04 
                 −4.40E−05  
                  2.81E−06 
                 −8.27E−08  
               
               
                 R11 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −2.98E−05  
                 8.05E−05 
                 3.17E−06 
                  2.33E−07 
                 −3.63E−08  
               
               
                 R12 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 2.03E−03 
                 8.32E−05 
                 2.04E−06 
                 −1.14E−06 
                 3.29E−08 
               
               
                 R13 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 3.57E−03 
                 −3.16E−05  
                 8.82E−06 
                 −1.77E−06 
                 5.93E−08 
               
               
                 R14 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 −1.36E−03  
                 7.11E−04 
                 7.20E−05 
                  3.31E−06 
                 −1.78E−07  
               
               
                 R15 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 9.03E−04 
                 4.02E−04 
                 6.85E−05 
                  2.17E−06 
                 −9.28E−07  
               
               
                 R16 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 7.81E−03 
                 −3.47E−05  
                 −5.57E−06  
                  7.55E−07 
                 −6.91E−07  
               
               
                 R21 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.65E−03 
                 1.10E−05 
                 3.05E−05 
                 −3.29E−06 
                 2.31E−07 
               
               
                 R22 
                 Even aspherical surface 
                 0.00E+00 
                 1.71E−03 
                 −3.01E−05  
                 4.81E−05 
                 −5.82E−06 
                 4.16E−07 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The foregoing parameters are substituted into the following formula: 
     
       
         
           
             z 
             = 
             
               
                 
                   c 
                   ⁢ 
                   
                     r 
                     2 
                   
                 
                 
                   1 
                   + 
                   
                     
                       1 
                       - 
                       
                         
                           ( 
                           
                             1 
                             + 
                             K 
                           
                           ) 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           c 
                           2 
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           r 
                           2 
                         
                       
                     
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   2 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   4 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   3 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   6 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   4 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   8 
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   5 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     0 
                   
                 
               
               + 
               
                 
                   A 
                   6 
                 
                 ⁢ 
                 
                   r 
                   
                     1 
                     ⁢ 
                     2 
                   
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     Each lens of the optical lens  10  in this implementation can be designed and obtained, where z is a vector height of the aspherical surface, r is a radial coordinate of the aspherical surface, and c is a spherical curvature of a vertex on the aspherical surface. 
     In this implementation, different lenses of the optical lens  10  that are designed by using the foregoing parameters can play different roles, so that the optical lens  10  with good imaging quality is obtained through cooperation between the lenses. 
     Table 12 shows object distances and component distances of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state in this implementation, as shown in Table 12. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 12 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Object distances and component distances of the optical lens 
               
               
                 10 in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide- 
               
               
                 angle state, and the micro-focus state in Implementation 3 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 W 
                 C 
                 T 
                 M 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 a0 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 Inf 
                 50 
                 mm 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 a1 
                 0.17 mm 
                 6.46 mm 
                 10.54 
                 mm 
                 1.45 
                 mm 
               
               
                 a4 
                 6.13 mm 
                 3.16 mm 
                 0.75 
                 mm 
                 6.65 
                 mm 
               
               
                 a8 
                 3.41 mm 
                 4.06 mm 
                 3.21 
                 mm 
                 0.48 
                 mm 
               
               
                 a11 
                 0.72 mm 
                 3.04 mm 
                 6.30 
                 mm 
                 3.14 
                 mm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG.  44    to  FIG.  55    are characterization diagrams of optical performance of the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3. 
     Specifically,  FIG.  44    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  45    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  46    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  47    shows axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3. In  FIG.  44    to  FIG.  47   , a vertical coordinate represents a normalized pupil coordinate, a horizontal coordinate represents aberration in an axial direction, and a unit is millimeter. It may be learned from  FIG.  44    to  FIG.  47    that, in this implementation, axial aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state is controlled within a very small range. 
       FIG.  48    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  49    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the medium-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  50    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the wide-angle state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3.  FIG.  51    shows lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in the micro-focus state after light whose wavelengths are respectively 650 nm, 610 nm, 555 nm, 510 nm, and 470 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3. In  FIG.  48    to  FIG.  51   , a vertical coordinate represents a field of view angle in a unit of degree (°), and a horizontal coordinate is in a unit of micrometer (μm). In  FIG.  48    to  FIG.  51   , an unmarked dotted line represents a diffraction limit range of the optical lens  10 . It may be learned from  FIG.  48    to  FIG.  51    that lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3 is within the diffraction limit, that is, lateral chromatic aberration of the optical lens  10  in each state after light with each wavelength passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3 basically does not affect imaging quality of the optical lens  10 . 
       FIG.  52    to  FIG.  55    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion of the optical lens  10  in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state, to indicate a difference between a deformed image and an ideal shape after light passes through the optical lens  10 . Solid lines in the left figures of  FIG.  52    to  FIG.  55    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a meridian direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of  555  nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Dashed/dotted lines in  FIG.  52    to  FIG.  55    are respectively schematic diagrams of field curvature in a sagittal direction in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10 . Right figures of  FIG.  52    to  FIG.  55    are respectively schematic diagrams of optical distortion in the long-focus state, the medium-focus state, the wide-angle state, and the micro-focus state after light of 555 nm passes through the optical lens  10  in Implementation 3. It may be learned from  FIG.  52    to  FIG.  55   , in this implementation, the optical system controls distortion to be within a range in which distortion can be identified by the naked eye. 
     In the optical lens  10  provided in this implementation, with a configuration manner of each lens in each component and a combination of lenses with a specified optical design, the optical lens  10  can be miniaturized and the zooming range thereof can be sufficiently wide, the optical lens  10  has a good imaging effect, and thinning of the terminal  1000  is implemented. 
     The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.