Patent Publication Number: US-9408430-B2

Title: Protective helmet and screen

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the United States national phase of International Application No. PCT/EP2013/054810 filed Mar. 11, 2013, and claims priority to French Patent Application No. 12/52315 filed Mar. 15, 2012, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to protective helmets for use in various situations and environments, and in particular to a protective helmet equipped with a view or ocular screen, a structure and arrangement for attachment to an internal portion of the external shell of a protective helmet or safety helmet. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     In various industries and environments, certain people, e.g., firemen, are required to wear a helmet for their protection. A helmet typically includes a shell for head protection, which includes a face opening opposite the wearer&#39;s face and a viewscreen that can be placed in front of the user&#39;s eyes. The viewscreen is generally pivotally mounted in relation to the shell about a transverse axis between a low position, in which the screen is extended relative to the face opening, and a high position, in which the face opening is substantially clear. Thus, the wearer can put the screen in the high position when circumstances do not necessitate protection of the eyes or when he wants to take the helmet off. Conversely, the screen can be lowered when the eyes must be protected. For this pivoting movement to be possible, the screen must be located at a sufficient distance from the face. However, in certain situations, the screen cannot protect the wearer effectively, particularly from elements that could be thrown from below in the direction of the face, entering the helmet through the relatively large space existing between the face and the screen. 
     There exist various helmet arrangements and systems for protection of the user, such as French Patent No. FR 2 716 089, which describes a helmet fitted with a viewscreen that can be moved between a high position away from the face and a low position close to the face. In this way, the space between the face and the screen can be reduced, which improves the protection conferred by the helmet. However, the system for assembling the screen described in this document involves a certain number of pieces that risk being lost, which complicates the assembly and increases the risks of poor assembly. Moreover, this system is not sufficiently robust, because it is difficult to move the screen between its different positions in either a fluid or precise manner. 
     Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a protective helmet and screen that addresses the issues discussed above. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Generally, provided is a protective helmet and screen that address and/or overcome some or all of the potential drawbacks and deficiencies associated with existing protective helmets utilizing or including ocular screens and similar arrangements. 
     For this purpose, and according to a first preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is a viewscreen (also referred to as a “screen” or “ocular screen”) for a safety helmet including an external shell exhibiting a face opening, the screen including a principal part having a central portion and two side wings, and two linkage pieces, each mounted on a side wing, each linkage piece including: 
     (1) a system for connecting to the shell including a first pivoting member constructed to allow, in the position with the screen fitted onto the shell, the pivoting of the linkage piece relative to the shell about a first substantially transverse pivot axis, and thereby the movement of the screen relative to the shell between a low position, in which the screen extends relative to the face opening, and a high position, in which the face opening is substantially clear; and 
     (2) a system for connecting to the corresponding side wing, including: a second pivoting member constructed to allow the pivoting of the principal part of the screen relative to the linkage piece about a second substantially transverse pivot axis; and a guide element configured for interacting with a complementary guide element installed on the side wing of the screen to form a linkage of the sliding type intended to guide the pivoting movement about the second pivot axis; such as to allow the movement of the principal part of the screen, relative to the linkage piece, between a position away from and a position close to the face of the helmet wearer, in the position of use, when the screen is in the low position. 
     Thus, the invention allows a screen movement to be achieved tending to bring it close to the face through the use of a single linkage piece on each side of the screen. This linkage piece is connected to the shell, directly or by the intermediary of one or a plurality of other pieces, through of a simple pivot axis, generally located in the rear of the linkage piece. Preferably, it is a single pivot axis, unlike some existing systems and arrangements. Further, the linkage piece is connected to the side wing by a pivot linkage and a sliding linkage, generally, at the front of the linkage piece. 
     Due to its simplicity, this system is quick to install and offers better long term resistance. Moreover, its operation is simple and intuitive. In effect, simple pressure on the screen toward the face can allow the screen to come close to the face, while conversely a push on the screen, from the inside of the screen toward the outside, allows the screen to move away from the face—these movements requiring no excessive force. 
     According to one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the guide element installed on the connection system of the linkage piece to the corresponding side wing and the complementary guide element installed on the side wing include: a pin and/or a slit which exhibits substantially the shape of a circular arc centered on the second pivot axis. For example, the pin can be provided on the linkage piece and the slit on the side wing. The slit can be located beneath the second pivot axis. In one variation, a rod can be provided mounted on the principal part of the screen and extend into a housing arranged on a stud integral with the linkage piece. In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the linkage piece includes a detent suitable for interacting with a part of the side wing to restrict, toward the rear, the pivot run of the principal part of the screen about the second axis. In this manner, the detent allows the approach of the screen to the face to be limited. 
     According to another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the detent is a piece distinct from the linkage piece, the linkage piece configured to receive the detent in at least two different positions, thus allowing the rear limit of the pivot run of the principal part of the screen to be adjusted about the second axis. It, therefore, involves a movable detent mounted relative to the linkage piece, which can be fixed in at least two distinct positions. 
     In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the first and/or the second pivoting member, respectively, include: a hole or a socket intended to interact with a hole or socket disposed in the shell or a piece assembled on the shell, respectively disposed at the side wing; and a friction washer configured to allow pivoting about the first or second pivot axis, respectively, when pivoting is caused by the user, but preventing said pivoting in an untimely manner. For example, the screen may include two legs, each mounted on a linkage piece, each leg being mounted in a pivoting manner on the first pivoting member and configured to be assembled on the shell. In operation, one leg can be mounted directly on the shell or on an intermediary piece itself fastened to the shell. Therefore, for example, each leg can be put into a housing installed in a ring that is fastened to the inside of the shell. Also, each leg may include a structure for locking onto the ring, which can be deactivated by a manual action of the user. 
     According to a further preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is an arrangement including a ring configured to be fastened to the inside of the external shell of a safety helmet and a viewscreen, such as that described previously, where the screen is configured to be removably mounted on the ring. In this arrangement, the principal part of the screen is located on the outside of the ring, in a mounted position and when the screen is in the high position. This arrangement can, for example, be achieved through the use of two legs, as described above. 
     In a further preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the screen includes a spigot projecting toward the inside, which is suitable for coming to a stop above one part of the ring in order to hold the screen in the high position, and which can go beyond the part downward, upon the manual action of a user. Thus, the voluntary passage beyond this part of the ring leads to locking or unlocking the screen. However, when the screen is in the high position, it cannot go to the low position in an untimely manner, which could occur simply by its weight or upon the action of a moderate shock, such as that which could be produced when a fireman wearing the helmet jumps from a truck. 
     In addition, the ring can include an element projecting toward the outside, configured to interact with a support zone arranged on the screen when the screen is moved from its low position and close to the face to its high position, in such a way as to cause, during this movement, the pivoting of the principal part of the screen about the second pivot axis, in the direction of moving away from the face. This arrangement allows rubbing of the screen against the ring to be avoided, which would risk scratching it. It is to be noted that this projection and the aforementioned part of the ring can be one and the same element. 
     According to one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the support zone includes a channel disposed on the inside of the screen, substantially at the junction between the principal portion and a side wing. This channel has a cross-section forming an acute angle, and, in a side view, a curved bottom edge concave toward the inside. Moreover, the projection disposed on the ring exhibits, in cross-section, a pointed shape complementary to the cross-section of the channel, such that the projection could be guided into the channel, and a front edge inclined to the rear and upward, which is disposed substantially parallel to the edge forming the bottom of the channel when the screen is in its position away from the face. 
     Consequently, if the screen is in its position away from the face, the interaction of the projection and the channel results in the simple guiding of the shift movement of the screen upward. Conversely, if the screen is in its position close to the face, the interaction of the projection and the channel forces the pivoting of the principal part of the screen about the second axis so that the front side of the projection and the edge forming the base of the channel become roughly parallel. 
     In a preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the assembly is symmetric, i.e., it is provided with a projection on each side of the ring and two channels on the screen. The channel can be formed by an indentation toward the inside of the principal portion of the screen. 
     According to another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is a safety helmet including an external shell and a screen or an arrangement, as described above. 
     In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is a screen for a safety helmet having an external shell with a face opening, the screen including: a principal part having at least one wing with at least one linkage piece mounted on the at least one wing, the at least one linkage piece including: a first arrangement for connecting the screen to the shell and configured to facilitate pivoting of the at least one linkage piece relative to the shell, such that the screen is moveable between a low position, in which the screen is substantially covering the face opening, and a high position, in which the face opening is substantially clear; and a second arrangement for connecting to the at least one wing and configured to facilitate the pivoting of the principal part relative to the at least one linkage piece; wherein the principal part is moveable relative to the at least one linkage piece between a position substantially away from and a position substantially close to the face opening. 
     In a further preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is a safety helmet attachment arrangement for attaching a screen to a safety helmet having an external shell with a face opening, the arrangement including: a principal part of the screen having at least one wing with at least one linkage piece mounted on the at least one wing, the at least one linkage piece including: (1) a first arrangement for connecting the screen to the shell and configured to facilitate pivoting of the at least one linkage piece relative to the shell, such that the screen is moveable between a low position, in which the screen is substantially covering the face opening, and a high position, in which the face opening is substantially clear; and (2) a second arrangement for connecting to the at least one wing and configured to facilitate the pivoting of the principal part relative to the at least one linkage piece; wherein the principal part is moveable relative to the at least one linkage piece between a position substantially away from and a position substantially close to the face opening; and a ring configured to be attached to a portion of the external shell, wherein the screen is removably mounted on the ring, and wherein the principal part of the screen is located on the outside of the ring in a mounted position and when the screen is in a high position. 
     In a still further preferred and non-limiting embodiment, provided is a safety helmet, including: an external shell having a face opening; and a screen; wherein a principal part of the screen having at least one wing with at least one linkage piece mounted on the at least one wing, the at least one linkage piece including: (1) a first arrangement for connecting the screen to the shell and configured to facilitate pivoting of the at least one linkage piece relative to the shell, such that the screen is moveable between a low position, in which the screen is substantially covering the face opening, and a high position, in which the face opening is substantially clear; and (2) a second arrangement for connecting to the at least one wing and configured to facilitate the pivoting of the principal part relative to the at least one linkage piece; wherein the principal part is moveable relative to the at least one linkage piece between a position substantially away from and a position substantially close to the face opening. 
     These and other features and characteristics of the present invention, as well as the methods of operation and functions of the related elements of structures and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, all of which form a part of this specification, wherein like reference numerals designate corresponding parts in the various figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. As used in the specification and the claims, the singular form of “a”, “an”, and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a side and exploded side view of a helmet according to the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a side view of the helmet of  FIG. 1  in a mounted position, the screen being in the low position away from the face; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of a ring for use in connection with the helmet of  FIG. 1  and according to the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a detailed, perspective view of a portion of the ring of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of a screen for use in connection with the helmet of  FIG. 1  and according to the principles of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a detailed, perspective view of a portion of the screen of  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7 a    is a perspective view of the screen of  FIG. 5  mounted on the ring of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 7 b    is a side view of the screen and ring of  FIG. 7   a;    
         FIG. 8  is a side view of the screen and ring of  FIG. 7 a    in the low position away from the face; 
         FIG. 9  is a side view of the screen and ring of  FIG. 7 a    in the low position close to the face; 
         FIG. 10  is a side view of a portion the screen of  FIG. 4  in a first position; 
         FIG. 11  is a side view of the portion the screen of  FIG. 10  in a second position; 
         FIG. 12  is a side view of the portion the screen of  FIG. 10  in a third position; 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view of the screen and ring of  FIG. 7 a    illustrating the interaction of the stud of  FIG. 4  and the channel of  FIG. 6 ; 
         FIGS. 14 and 15  are schematic side views of the stud and channel of  FIG. 13  when when the screen is moved from its low position close to the face to its high position. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     For purposes of the description hereinafter, the terms “end”, “upper”, “lower”, “right”, “left”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “lateral”, “longitudinal” and derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as it is oriented in the drawing figures. It is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative variations, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification, are simply exemplary embodiments of the invention. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics related to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting. 
     The present invention relates to a protective helmet and screen, as illustrated in certain preferred and non-limiting embodiments in  FIGS. 1-15 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, and as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , provided is a helmet  1 , which includes a structure having a rigid, external shell  2  and an internal module fastened in the shell  2 ; and a viewscreen  3  intended to protect the eyes of the user, which is removably joined to the structure. The helmet  1  can also include a face shield (not shown). The shell  2  is intended to enclose the head of a user and is, for example, manufactured from a composite or thermoplastic material. The shell  2  has a longitudinal plane of symmetry P. 
     Hereinafter, the helmet  1  is described in the position of use, i.e., in the position it occupies when it is placed on the head of the wearer when standing up straight. The transverse direction Y is defined as the direction orthogonal to the plane P (this direction therefore being substantially horizontal). The longitudinal direction X is defined as the direction orthogonal to Y and substantially horizontal, and the direction Z is the vertical direction. The term “inner” is used to designate an element closer to the head of the wearer, in opposition to the term “outer”. The terms “upper”, “lower”, “top”, and “bottom” are used in reference to the Z direction. The terms “front” and “rear” are used in reference to the X direction. The terms “side”, “left”, “right”, and “transverse” are used in reference to the Y direction. 
     The shell  2  exhibits a generally spherical shape and includes a face opening  4  for the face of the wearer. The shell  2  includes: a front portion  5  located above the face opening  4 , an upper portion  6 , a rear portion  7  extending from the upper portion  6  to the nape of the wearer, as well as a left side portion and a right side portion  8 , each extending from the upper portion  6  on either side of the face opening  4 . In this embodiment, each side portion  8  includes a recess  9  toward the inside. A plate  10  is fastened on each side portion  8  of the shell  2 , so as to cover at least in part this recess  9 . In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the plates  10  are substantially flush with the zones of the helmet  1  located around the recess  9 , in order for the shell  2  to exhibit in this zone an outer surface substantially without an indentation. The plate  10  can also be used to hook on a connection device for a breathing mask. 
     The inner module includes a cap  11 , which allows shocks to be absorbed and which is, for example, manufactured as a dense foam. In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the cap  11  includes a bulging shape and a lower, substantially oval part  12 . The inner module also includes a ring  15  mounted in the lower part of the cap  11 . As is seen in  FIG. 2 , the ring  15  has a substantially oval shape that is similar to that of the lower portion of the cap  11 . Moreover, the ring  15  possesses one substantially U-shaped section on which the lower part  12  of the cap  11  will be mounted. In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the inner module includes a cap intended for the comfort of the wearer, an adjustable headband, and a chin strap (not shown), all preferably mounted on the ring  15 . The ring  15  forms the support of various elements of the helmet  1 , and further includes or is formed with an arrangement for removably fastening the internal module onto the helmet  2 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, and as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the ring  15  includes an outer wall  16  and an inner wall  17 , which are substantially oval and parallel, connected by a lower wall  18  forming the bottom of the U-shaped section of the ring  15 . In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the inner wall  17  exhibits an average height greater than the average height of the outer wall  16 . Further, orifices or openings  19  can be arranged in the inner wall  17 , which are used for installing a headband and, in front, a slide  20  for accepting a tongue for adjusting the position of the said headband. Orifices or openings can be provided in the lower wall  18  to accept straps crossing above the head of the wearer. 
     On the side and at each side (left and right) of the ring  15 , a housing  25  is provided to receive a leg  26  fitted to the viewscreen  3  for mounting this screen  3  onto the ring  15 . Further, a reception cavity  22  is provided for use as or with a fastener (not depicted) for the ring  15  onto the shell  2 , and this cavity  22  is preferably located at the rear of the housing  25 , in order not to hinder the pivoting of the screen  3 . 
     In this embodiment, the housing  25  includes a conduit with substantially vertical axis which, in the embodiment represented, possesses a substantially rectangular cross-section, i.e., in the X-Y plane. The housing  25  includes an open, lower end  27  located in the inner wall  18  of the ring  15  and can also include an open, upper end  28 . In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, in front of the zone of the ring  15 , where the cavity  22  and the housing  25  are located, the outer wall  16  includes a substantially planar and longitudinal portion  14  forming an indentation toward the inside (in contrast to the continuity of the oval shape of the remainder of this outer wall  16 ). Moreover, at the side and on each side, the ring  15  includes a stud  30  projecting outward from the outer wall  16 . The stud  30  is located in front of the corresponding housing  25 , and, for example, is partly in front of the portion  14  of the ring  15 . In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, each side of the ring  15  includes an appendage  31  of the outer wall  16 , extending upward, from which appendage  31  the stud  30  projects. 
     Each stud  30  includes a front side  32  inclined toward the rear and upward at an angle (a) from the vertical, which can be between about 20° and about 40°. In addition, in cross-section, each stud  30  includes a shape pointing forward, the front side  32  inclined forward from the base of the stud  30  connected to the screen  3  in the outward direction (see  FIG. 13 ). In this manner, each stud  30  has a front pointed edge  33  (as best shown in  FIGS. 4 and 13 ), which is inclined toward the rear and upward at an angle (a). 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the screen  3  includes a longitudinal plane of symmetry P′ which merges substantially with the plane P in the position mounted on the helmet  1 . The screen  3  includes: a principal part  35  including a central portion  36  through which the wearer can see his surroundings; and two side wings  37 , which allow the screen  3  to be mounted on the structure. In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the side wings  37  arc formed of one piece with the central portion  36  and are in the form of side extensions. In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the central portion  36  includes a notch for the nose (not visible in the figures) and two side zones  38  for grasping, thereby allowing a user to manipulate the screen  3  for its movement between its different positions. The screen  3  also includes two linkage pieces  40 , each mounted on a side wing  37 , which are substantially identical. 
     In the rear part, the linkage piece  40  includes a system for connecting to the shell  2 . In the illustrated embodiment, a socket  41  is provided with a substantially transverse axis  42  projecting from the linkage piece  40  toward the inside. The socket  41  facilitates the pivotal assembly of the leg  26  about a first pivot axis  42 . In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the viewscreen is mounted directly on the shell  2  itself, with the possible function of pivoting about a substantially transverse axis. 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the leg  26  includes a body, which is substantially flat and rectangular, and in which a hole  43  is provided, for example, in the central part of the leg  26 . The hole  43  can be clipped on the socket  41 . For this purpose, the socket  41  may include axial slits and a radial end-flange, which allows the assembly and retention of the leg  26 , through elastic deformation of the socket  41 , as well as the rotation of the leg  26  about the axis  42 . 
     In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, a friction washer is interposed between the leg  26  and the linkage piece  40 , so as to produce some resistance to relative pivoting of these two pieces. Thus, pivoting about the axis  42  can be achieved by the voluntary action of a user, but it does not result in untimely or accidental pivoting, at least in the absence of a large shock. The leg  26  is configured to be positioned on or with respect to the corresponding housing  25  of the ring  15 , for mounting the screen  3  onto the structure of the helmet  1 . In operation, the leg  26  is introduced from the bottom upward, through the lower, open end  22  of the housing  25 . 
     At least one leg, and preferably the two legs  26 , also includes an arrangement for locking onto the structure of the helmet  1 . In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, this arrangement is integrally located on the inside of the shell  2 , in the position of use, and can be unlocked by a manual action of the user. Accordingly, the legs  26  may serve the dual function of facilitating the mounting of the screen  3  on the structure, and locking in the mounted position, where the screen  3  retains its ability to be raised and lowered. In the illustrated embodiment, the locking arrangement includes hooks  44  arranged on the legs  26 , preferably in its lower part, which will interact with pins (not depicted) installed on the inside of the shell  2 . In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the leg  26  includes a clipping projection in the housing  25 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, and located in the front part, the linkage piece  40  includes a system and/or arrangement for connecting to the corresponding side wing  37 . In this embodiment, the connection system includes: a socket  45  with a substantially transverse axis  46  projecting from the linkage piece  40  toward the inside; and a linkage piece  40  having a pin  47  also projecting to the inside. The pin  47  may include a substantially radial rod and an enlarged head. Further, and in this embodiment, the socket  45  is located in the upper part of the linkage piece  40 , and the pin  47  is disposed below the socket  45 , being offset back toward the rear relative to the former. In a complementary manner, the side wing  37  of the screen  3  includes a hole  48  and a slit  49  that exhibits substantially the shape of a circular arc centered on the axis  46 . In addition, the side wing  37  includes a tongue  50  forming a lower extension toward the rear, located, for example, roughly at the level of the slit  49 . 
     The socket  45  serves in the pivot mounting of the side wing  37  about the axis  46 , forming a second pivot axis, where the hole  48  of the side wing  37  is clipped at the socket  45 . For this purpose, the socket  45  can include axial slits and a radial end-flange, which allows assembly and retention of the side wing  37 , through elastic deformation of the socket  45 , as well as the rotation of the side wing  37  about the axis  42 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, a friction washer is interposed between the side wing  37  and the linkage piece  40 , so as to produce some resistance to relative pivoting of these two pieces. Thus, pivoting about the axis  46  can be achieved by the voluntary action of a user, but it does not produce untimely or accidental pivoting, at least without a large shock. In this embodiment, the pin  47  is put into the slit  49  and cannot get out of it in an untimely manner due to its enlarged head. The pin  47  and the slit  49  form a linkage of the slide type, which allows the pivoting movement to be guided about the second pivot axis  46 . 
     In operation, and in the position of use, the screen  3  is mounted on the shell  2 , by the intermediary of the legs  26  removably set into the housings  25  of the ring  15 . As is seen in  FIGS. 7 a , 7 b   ,  8 , and  9 , the screen  3  can occupy different positions relative to the shell  2  of the helmet  1 . In particular, and as illustrated in  FIGS. 7 a  and 7 b   , the screen  3  can be in a high position, in which the face opening  4  of the helmet  1  is substantially clear. The principal part  35  of the screen  3  is then located on the outside of the ring  15  (i.e., in front of the ring  15 ). By pivoting the linkage piece  40  relative to the leg  26 , i.e., relative to the shell  2 , about the first pivot axis  42 , the screen  3  can be moved toward its low position, in which the screen  3  is extended opposite the face opening  4 , in front of the user&#39;s eyes. In  FIG. 8 , the screen  3  is illustrated in the low position and away from the face, the pin  47  being located toward the rear end  51  of the slit  49 . Starting from the position illustrated in  FIG. 8 , it is possible to move the screen  3  to bring it close to the user&#39;s face, for example, by simple pressure on the principal part  35  of the screen  3 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the principal part  35  of the screen  3  pivots relative to the linkage piece  40  about the second pivot axis  46 , this movement being guided by the pin  47  running in the slit  49 . When the pin  47  is located toward the front end  52  of the slit  49 , the principal part  35  of the screen  3  is in position close to the face ( FIG. 9 ), the screen  3  always being in the low position. 
     Due to the fact that the principal part  35  of the screen  3  comes close to the face of the helmet  1  wearer, improved protection to the user&#39;s face is provided. However, if the user wears glasses, which prevent too close of an approach of the screen  3  to the face, it is sufficient for them to keep the screen  3  in the position away from the face (as in  FIG. 8 ). The helmet  1  according to the invention therefore remains suited to wearers of glasses. 
     For various reasons, it may be desired to be able to limit the approach of the screen  3  to the face of the helmet  1  wearer and to fix this limit at a predetermined value. For this purpose, a detent  53  can be provided on the linkage piece  40 , configured for interacting with the tongue  50  of the side wing  37  to limit, toward the rear, the pivot run of the principal part  35  of the screen  3  about the second axis  46 . In operation, the tongue  50  will interact with the lower side of the detent  53 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 10-12 , the detent  53  is a piece distinct from the linkage piece  40  and is mounted movably, for example, in a groove  54  disposed substantially vertically on the lower side of the linkage piece  40 . The groove  54  includes an arrangement for receiving the detent in several different positions, e.g., three positions. In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the bottom of the groove  54  includes three orifices or openings  55  vertically and substantially equally spaced, and the detent  53  includes a dowel projecting outward suitable for lodging in one of these three orifices or openings  55 . When the dowel of the detent  53  is lodged in the highest orifice or opening  55 , the detent  53  is in the high position ( FIG. 12 ). This facilitates the full movement of the approach of the screen  3  to the face. In operation, when the tongue  50  of the side wing  37  comes against or contacts the detent  53 , the pin  47  is located against the front end  52  of the slit  49 , and pivoting of the principal portion  35  of the screen  3  about the axis  46  (in the direction of approach to the face) is prevented. 
     Further, the detent  53  can be fixed at an intermediate level, its dowel being lodged in the orifice or opening  55  in the middle. In this case ( FIG. 11 ), only a part of the maximum pivot is possible about the axis  46 . For example, the arrangement can be constructed so that about half the pivot is allowed, the pin  47  thus being found in its extreme rear position at the end of movement, substantially in the middle of the slit  49 . Finally, the detent can be fixed in the low position, its dowel being lodged in the lowest orifice or opening  55  of the groove  54  of the linkage piece  40  ( FIG. 10 ). In this case, substantially the full pivoting movement about the axis  46  is permitted by the slit  49 . Accordingly, when the tongue  50  of the screen  3  comes against the detent  53 , the pin  47  is located substantially against the rear end  51  of the slit  49 . 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the screen  3  is held in the low position by the action of gravity. In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the screen  3  is held in a high or intermediate position, to some degree, by the friction washers. However, this may turn out to be insufficient in certain cases, such as if a large shock is experienced. 
     In another preferred and non-limiting embodiment, a spigot  56  is provided on the screen  3 , where this spigot  56  projects toward the inside and is configured to interact with the appendage  31  or the stud  30  disposed on the ring  15 . In operation, and in one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the spigot  56  is located substantially at the junction between the side wing  37  and the central portion  36  of the principal part  35  of the screen  3 . When the spigot  56  is at the detent above the appendage  31  or the stud  30 , it allows the screen  3  to be held in the high position more efficiently than with friction washers. This embodiment is configured, such that a user could, by operating manually upon the screen  3 , cause the spigot  56  to go beyond the appendage  31  or the stud  30 , downward when the screen  3  is lowered, or possibly upward if the screen  3  is raised. 
     In one preferred and non-limiting embodiment, the stud  30  provides another function. Specifically, when the screen  3  is in the low position and close to the face ( FIG. 9 ) and a user raises the screen  3  to its high position, one risk is that the inside of the central portion  36  of the screen  3  will come in contact with the front edge  57  of the ring  15 , risking potential scratching. In order to avoid such damage to the screen  3 , a channel  58  is provided on the screen  3 , disposed on the inside of the screen  3 , substantially at the junction between the principal portion  36  and a side wing  37 . According to this embodiment, the channel  58  is formed by an indentation toward the inside of the principal portion  35  of the screen  3  (see  FIGS. 6 and 13 ). 
     The channel  58  forms a guide and support zone for the stud  30  and therefore has a shape complementary to that of the stud  30 . Further, the channel  58  has a cross-section forming an acute angle corresponding to the pointed cross-section of the stud  30 , with the front side  32  inclined in a transverse plane. Moreover, in a side view, the channel  58  has a curved bottom edge  59 , concave toward the inside. In this manner, when the screen  3  is moved from its low position away from the face to its high position, the stud  30  is simply guided into the channel  58 . The front side  32  of the stud  30  is substantially parallel to the zone opposite the side  60  of the channel  58  turned rearward, and the front pointed edge  33  of the stud  30  follows the edge  59  during this movement of raising the screen  3 . 
     When the screen  3  is moved from its low position close to the face to its high position, the interaction between the stud  30  and the channel  58  causes, during this movement, the pivoting of the principal part  35  of the screen  3  about the second pivot axis  46 , in the direction away from the face, as illustrated schematically in  FIGS. 14 and 15 , until the front edge  33  of the stud  30  is disposed roughly parallel to the edge  59  forming the bottom of the channel  58 . In this way, the risk is avoided that the front edge  57  of the ring  15  would rub against the inside of the central portion  36  of the screen  3 . 
     It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above by way of examples but that it comprises all the technical equivalents and the variants of the means described as well as their combinations. Although the invention has been described in detail for the purpose of illustration based on what is currently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that such detail is solely for that purpose and that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover modifications and equivalent arrangements that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. For example, it is to be understood that the present invention contemplates that, to the extent possible, one or more features of any embodiment can be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment.