Patent Publication Number: US-2019196507-A1

Title: Path planning method and apparatus for unmanned aerial vehicle and flight management method and apparatus

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2017/118647, filed on Dec. 26, 2017, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies, for example, to a path planning method and apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle, a flight management method and apparatus, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a flight management apparatus. 
     RELATED ART 
     With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle technologies, unmanned aerial vehicles are widely applied to both the military field and the civil field. Currently, an unmanned aerial vehicle can implement autonomous flight according to a route planned by a two-dimensional map. During the autonomous flight, the unmanned aerial vehicle needs to continuously detect a height of an obstacle ahead and then avoid the obstacle by maintaining a horizontal projection location unchanged and elevating a flight height. 
     During implementation of the present invention, it is found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: Because a two-dimensional map only includes horizontal projection information of an obstacle, and does not include height information, flight of an unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be precisely controlled according to the height information of the obstacle. 
     SUMMARY 
     An objective of embodiments of the present invention is to provide a path planning method and apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle, a flight management method and apparatus, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a flight management apparatus, so as to precisely control an unmanned aerial vehicle according to a height of an obstacle on a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle. The method includes: 
     determining a start point and an end point of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle; 
     determining a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point; 
     obtaining a height of an obstacle on the flight route; 
     determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     if yes, flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route. 
     In one embodiment, the determining a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point includes: 
     obtaining a flight map of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and 
     obtaining the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map includes: 
     obtaining a flight track that is located between the start point and the end point and that is drawn by the user on the flight map; and 
     determining the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the flight track. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map includes: 
     obtaining at least one waypoint that is located between the start point and the end point and that is selected by the user on the flight map; and 
     determining the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the at least one waypoint. 
     In one embodiment, the method further includes: 
     determining whether there is a special flight area on the flight route; and 
     if yes, flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, to avoid the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, the flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, to avoid the special flight area includes: 
     obtaining a height of the special flight area; and 
     flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, at a height greater than or less than the height of the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, the flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, to avoid the special flight area includes: 
     obtaining a boundary of the special flight area; and 
     flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, to avoid the boundary of the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, the method further includes: 
     sending a prompt warning to a control terminal if there is a special flight area on the flight route. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining a height of an obstacle on the flight route includes: 
     obtaining the height of the obstacle on the flight route by using a three-dimensional map. 
     In one embodiment, the determining a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point includes: 
     obtaining at least one path planning criterion; and 
     determining the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point according to the at least one path planning criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the at least one path planning criterion includes at least one of the following criteria: 
     a minimum-energy criterion, a highest-flight-speed criterion, a highest-flight-safety criterion and a special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the at least one path planning criterion includes the special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the special flight area includes any of the following areas: 
     a no-fly zone, a height restricted area and an area that affects a flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In one embodiment, the determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle includes: 
     determining whether there is a height restricted area on the flight route; 
     if yes, determining whether a height of the height restricted area is greater than a maximum height of the obstacle on the flight route; and 
     if yes, determining that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle includes: 
     determining whether a maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     if yes, determining that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies depends on a lifting force provided by an actuating apparatus of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In one embodiment, the method further includes: 
     flying, by the unmanned aerial vehicle, to avoid the obstacle laterally if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is less than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the obstacle includes at least one of the following: 
     a building, a mountain, a tree, a forest and a signal tower. 
     According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a path planning apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle. The apparatus includes: 
     a determining module, configured to determine a start point and an end point of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and 
     to determine a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point; 
     an obtaining module, configured to obtain a height of an obstacle on the flight route; 
     a judging module, configured to determine whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     a control module, configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route. 
     In one embodiment, the determining module is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a flight map of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and 
     obtain the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map. 
     In one embodiment, the determining module is configured to: 
     obtain a flight track that is located between the start point and the end point and that is drawn by the user on the flight map; and 
     determine the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the flight track. 
     In one embodiment, the determining module is configured to: 
     obtain at least one waypoint that is located between the start point and the end point and that is selected by the user on the flight map; and 
     determine the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the at least one waypoint. 
     In one embodiment, the judging module is further configured to: 
     determine whether there is a special flight area on the flight route; and 
     if yes, the control module controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a flight height of the special flight area; and the control module is configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly at a height greater than or less than the height of the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a boundary of the special flight area; and the control module is configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the boundary of the special flight area. 
     In one embodiment, a prompt warning is sent to a control terminal if the judging module determines that there is a special flight area on the flight route. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module obtains height information of the obstacle on the flight route by using a three-dimensional map. 
     In one embodiment, the determining module is configured to: 
     obtain at least one path planning criterion; and 
     determine the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point according to the at least one path planning criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the at least one path planning criterion includes at least one of the following criteria: 
     a minimum-energy criterion, a highest-flight-speed criterion, a highest-flight-safety criterion and a special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the at least one path planning criterion includes the special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In one embodiment, the special flight area includes any of the following areas: 
     a no-fly zone, a height restricted area and an area that affects a flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In one embodiment, the judging module is specifically configured to: 
     determine whether there is a height restricted area on the flight route; 
     if yes, determine whether a height of the height restricted area is greater than a maximum height of the obstacle on the flight route; and 
     if yes, determine that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the judging module is specifically configured to: 
     determine whether a maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     if yes, determine that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies depends on a lifting force provided by an actuating apparatus of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In one embodiment, the control module controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the obstacle laterally if the judging module determines that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is less than the height of the obstacle. 
     In one embodiment, the obstacle includes at least one of the following: 
     a building, a mountain, a tree, a forest and a signal tower. 
     According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a flight management method. The method includes: 
     obtaining flight state information and flight routes of at least two unmanned aerial vehicles within a management range; 
     determining that there is an interference area on the flight routes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; 
     determining whether a difference between time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is less than a preset threshold; and 
     if yes, performing coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so as to prevent the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area from being less than the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining flight routes of at least two unmanned aerial vehicles within a management range includes: 
     receiving a flight route sent by each of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In one embodiment, the method further includes: 
     receiving signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; and 
     obtaining control permission on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In one embodiment, the receiving signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles includes: 
     receiving signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles when flight heights of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles are greater than a preset height threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the performing coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles includes: 
     performing coordinate control on speed magnitudes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the performing coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles includes: 
     performing coordinate control on speed directions of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the flight state information includes location information and speed information. 
     According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a flight management apparatus. The apparatus includes: 
     an obtaining module, configured to obtain flight state information and flight routes of at least two unmanned aerial vehicles within a management range; 
     a determining module, configured to determine that there is an interference area on the flight routes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; 
     a judging module, configured to determine whether a difference between time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is less than a preset threshold; and 
     a control module, configured to perform coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so as to prevent the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area from being less than the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module further includes a receiving module, the receiving module being configured to receive a flight route sent by each of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module is further configured to: 
     receive signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; and 
     obtain control permission on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In one embodiment, the obtaining module is specifically configured to: 
     receive signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles when flight heights of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles are greater than a preset height threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the control module is configured to: 
     perform coordinate control on speed magnitudes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the control module is configured to: 
     perform coordinate control on speed directions of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In one embodiment, the flight state information includes location information and speed information. 
     According to a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle includes: 
     a shell; 
     an arm connected to the shell; 
     a processor disposed in the shell or the arm; and 
     a memory in communication connection with the processor, the memory being disposed in the shell or the arm, where 
     the memory stores instructions capable of being executed by the processor; and when the processor executes the instructions, the foregoing path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle is implemented. 
     According to a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium stores computer executable instructions, the computer executable instructions, when executed by an unmanned aerial vehicle, causing the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform the foregoing path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     According to a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a flight management apparatus. The apparatus includes: 
     a main body; 
     a display screen disposed on the main body; 
     a processor disposed in the main body; 
     a transceiver in communication connection with the processor; and 
     a memory in communication connection with the processor, where 
     the memory stores instructions capable of being executed by the processor; and when the processor executes the instructions, the foregoing flight management method is implemented. 
     According to an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer program product, where the computer program product includes a computer program stored in a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program instructions, the program instructions, when executed by a flight management apparatus, causing the flight management apparatus to perform the foregoing flight management method. 
     The path planning method and apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle, the flight management method and apparatus, the unmanned aerial vehicle and the flight management apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention, by obtaining height information of an obstacle on a flight route of an unmanned aerial vehicle and determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than a height of the obstacle, if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle, control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route, therefore, precisely control the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Exemplary descriptions of one or more embodiments are provided through accompanying drawings corresponding to the one or more embodiments. These exemplary descriptions do not constitute any limitation on the embodiments. Elements having identical reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements. Unless particularly stated, figures in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any proportional limitation. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a path planning method and apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle or a flight management method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a flowchart of a path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a flowchart of a step of determining a flight route in the path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle shown in  FIG. 2  according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart of the step of determining a flight route in the path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle shown in  FIG. 2  according to another embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a flowchart of a step of avoiding a special flight area in the path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle shown in  FIG. 2  according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a structural block diagram of a path planning apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a flowchart of a flight management method according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a structural block diagram of a flight management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a structural block diagram of a flight management apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a flight management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. 
     A path planning method and apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle and a flight management method and apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to an application scenario shown in  FIG. 1 . The application scenario shown in  FIG. 1  includes an unmanned aerial vehicle  10 , an electronic device  20 , a user  30  and an intelligent terminal  40 . The unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be any appropriate type of high-altitude or low-altitude aerial vehicle including a typical quadrotor, a remote control helicopter that can hover, a fixed-wing aerial vehicle having a particular movement speed or the like. The electronic device  20  may be, for example, a large-scale server, a personal computer, a portable computer, a smartphone or a tablet computer. The intelligent terminal  40  is, for example, a remote control, a smartphone or a tablet computer. 
     The user  30  may interact with the intelligent terminal  40  by using one or more input devices of any appropriate type. These input devices may be a mouse, a key, a touchscreen and the like. Communication connections may be established between the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  and the intelligent terminal  40 , between the intelligent terminal  40  and the electronic device  20  and between the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  and the electronic device  20  by using respective wireless communications modules (for example, a signal receiver or a signal transmitter) that are separately disposed internally, to upload or deliver data/instructions. 
     It should be noted that, during actual application, the application scenario may further include more unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , more electronic devices  20  and more intelligent terminals  40 . 
     The user  30  may enter a start point and an end point of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  to the intelligent terminal  40  by using an input device. The intelligent terminal  40  sends the start point and the end point to the electronic device  20  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . The electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  determines a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  according to the start point and the end point, obtains a height of an obstacle (for example, a building, a mountain, a tree, a forest or a signal tower) on the flight route and then determines whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. If the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  can fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route. In an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the obstacle on the flight route may be obtained from a three-dimensional map. The three-dimensional map may be loaded into the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  in advance. Alternatively, the electronic device  20  or the intelligent terminal  40  may obtain the three-dimensional map in real time by using a network. 
     The electronic device  20  may further obtain flight state information (for example, location information and speed information) and flight routes of a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles  10  and confirm whether flight of the plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles  10  interferes with each other. If the flight of the plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles  10  interferes with each other, the electronic device  20  performs coordinate control on the plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , to avoid collision incidents between the unmanned aerial vehicles  10 . 
     An embodiment of the present invention provides a path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle. Each of the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  and the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  in  FIG. 1  may perform the method. As shown in  FIG. 2 , the planning method includes the following steps. 
       101 : Determine a start point and an end point of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . 
     The start point and the end point may be entered by the user  30  to the intelligent terminal  40  by using an input device (for example, a keyboard or a touchscreen) and then sent by the intelligent terminal  40  to the electronic device  20  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . 
       102 : Determine a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on the start point and the end point. 
     In some embodiments, the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be set by the user. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the determining a flight route of the aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point further includes the following steps. 
       1021   a : Obtain a flight map of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the flight map may be a three-dimensional map. The three-dimensional map may be loaded into the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  in advance or obtained by the electronic device  20  or the intelligent terminal  40  from a network in real time. The three-dimensional map may be a map of a city or a region and includes three-dimensional information of each obstacle (for example, a building). The three-dimensional information includes location information (for example, a horizontal coordinate such as longitude or latitude), height information and horizontal projection information (for example, a length or a width). 
       1022   a : Obtain the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the start point, the end point and the flight map may be displayed to the user  30  on a screen of the intelligent terminal  40 . The user  30  may draw at least one waypoint (waypoint) between the start point and the end point on the flight map or draw a flight track between the start point and the end point on the flight map. The intelligent terminal  40  converts each point in the flight track drawn by the user on the display screen or a screen location of each flight waypoint into coordinates in the flight map and then forms the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  according to each coordinate point in the flight map. The unmanned aerial vehicle  10  or the electronic device  20  may obtain the flight route by using the intelligent terminal  40 . 
     In other possible embodiments, the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be autonomously planned by the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . As shown in  FIG. 4 , the determining a flight route of the aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point includes the following steps. 
       1021   b : Obtain at least one path planning criterion. 
       1022   b : Determine the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point according to the at least one path planning criterion. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may plan the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on the three-dimensional map. In other words, a flight route corresponding to each path planning criterion is planned for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on the start point and the end point, by using a three-dimensional space path planning method and according to each path planning criterion, so that the planned flight route satisfies the corresponding path planning criterion. 
     The path planning criterion includes at least one of a minimum-energy criterion, a highest-flight-speed criterion, a highest-flight-safety criterion and a special-flight-area avoidance criterion. The special flight area includes at least one of or a combination of at least two of the following areas: a no-fly zone, a height restricted area, a flight noise sensitive area and an area that affects a flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  (for example, a strong electromagnetic area). It can be understood that, an exclusive criteria such as the minimum-energy criterion, the highest-flight-speed criterion and the highest-flight-safety criterion can only appear alone, and a non-exclusive criterion like the special-flight-area avoidance criterion may be used in combination with another criterion. For example, the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may plan a flight route for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on the minimum-energy criterion only, may plan a flight route for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on the highest-flight-speed criterion only, or may plan a flight route for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  based on both the minimum-energy criterion and the special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     Selection of various criteria may be set according to actual use of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  and may be set by the user  30  on the intelligent terminal  40 , and then the intelligent terminal  40  sends a setting result to the electronic device  20  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . For example, only the highest-flight-speed criterion may be set on the intelligent terminal  40 , or three route planning criteria that is, the minimum-energy criterion, a combination of the highest-flight-speed criterion and the special-flight-area avoidance criterion and the highest-flight-speed criterion may be set at the same time. On an occasion including the foregoing three route planning criteria, the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  plans three flight routes for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  respectively according to the foregoing three route planning criteria, and the user  30  may select one flight route from the three flight routes as the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . 
     Optionally, one of the foregoing two modes of designing a flight route autonomously and designing a flight route by a user may be freely selected by the user  30  on the intelligent terminal  40 . 
       103 : Obtain a height of an obstacle on the flight route. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the obstacle on the flight route may be obtained by using the three-dimensional map. There may be one or more obstacles. 
       104 : Determine whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     Currently, many cities impose a restriction requirement on a flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . If a safety height to pass over an obstacle is greater than a restricted height, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  cannot complete flight. Therefore, when whether the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle is determined, whether the restricted height is greater than a maximum height of each obstacle needs to be determined. Specifically, whether there is a height restricted area on a flight route is determined first. If there is a height restricted area, whether a height of the height restricted area is greater than a maximum height of the obstacle on the flight route is determined. If the height of the height restricted area is greater than the maximum height, it is determined that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     Optionally, if the obstacle is at a high height, it needs to be further determined whether power of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sufficient for the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  to fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle. That is, the determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle further includes: 
     determining whether a maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     if yes, determining that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     The maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  flies depends on a lifting force provided by an actuating apparatus of the unmanned aerial vehicle and/or the remaining power of a battery. 
       105 : The unmanned aerial vehicle  10  flies at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     The unmanned aerial vehicle  10  flies to avoid the obstacle laterally if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is capable of flying is less than the height of the obstacle. 
     The embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining height information of an obstacle on a flight route of an unmanned aerial vehicle and determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than a height of the obstacle, if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle, control the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route, therefore, precisely control the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     It should be noted that, in addition to being applicable to an occasion on which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  autonomously flies, the method is also applicable to a flight control occasion. The method is particularly applicable to an occasion on which the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  needs to perform low-altitude flight and is also applicable to a high-altitude flight occasion. 
     On an occasion on which a flight route is set by the user  30 , when planning a flight route, the user  30  may not consider any special flight area. Therefore, the flight route planned by the user  30  may pass through some special flight areas. Therefore, in other possible embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the method further includes the following steps. 
       107 : Determine whether there is a special flight area on the flight route. 
     The special flight area includes at least one of or a combination of at least two of the following areas: 
     a no-fly zone, a height restricted area, an area that affects a flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle (for example, a strongly electromagnetic area) and the like. 
       108 : If there is a special flight area, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  flies to avoid the special flight area. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, when the special flight area is a no-fly zone, if the no-fly zone is a low-altitude area, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may obtain a height of the no-fly zone, so as to fly at a height greater than the no-fly zone. If the no-fly zone is a high-altitude area, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  flies at a height less than a height of the no-fly zone. In others embodiments of the present invention, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may further obtain a boundary of the special flight area and then fly to avoid the boundary of the special flight area. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, if there is a special flight area on the flight route, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  sends a prompt warning to the intelligent terminal  40  or the intelligent terminal  40  actively displays a prompt warning to the user  30 , so as to inform the user  30  that there is a special flight area on the flight route. The user  30  may choose to replan a new route or select another flight path to avoid the special flight area. If the number of times a prompt warning is sent exceeds a preset number of times or a time for which a prompt warning lasts reaches a preset time threshold, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  automatically adjusts a flight policy to avoid the special flight area. 
     An embodiment of the present invention further provides a path planning apparatus for an unmanned aerial vehicle. The path planning apparatus is used for the electronic device  20 , the intelligent terminal  40  or the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 6 , the apparatus  200  includes: 
     a determining module  201 , configured to determine a start point and an end point of flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and 
     to determine a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point; 
     an obtaining module  202 , configured to obtain a height of an obstacle on the flight route; 
     a judging module  203 , configured to determine whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     a control module  204 , configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route. 
     When the apparatus is used for the unmanned aerial vehicle, the determining module  201 , the obtaining module  202  and the judging module  203  may be processors in the unmanned aerial vehicle and the control module  204  may be a flight control chip of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     This embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining height information of an obstacle on a flight route of an unmanned aerial vehicle and determining whether a height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than a height of the obstacle, if the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle, control the unmanned aerial vehicle can fly at a height greater than the height of the obstacle according to the flight route, therefore, precisely control the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the determining module  201  is specifically configured to: 
     obtain a flight map of the unmanned aerial vehicle; and 
     obtain the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle designed by a user according to the start point and the end point on the flight map. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the determining module  201  is configured to: 
     obtain a flight track that is located between the start point and the end point and that is drawn by the user on the flight map; and 
     determine the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the flight track. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the determining module  201  is configured to: 
     obtain at least one waypoint that is located between the start point and the end point and that is selected by the user on the flight map; and 
     determine the flight route according to the start point, the end point and the at least one waypoint. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the judging module  203  is further configured to determine whether there is a special flight area on the flight route; and 
     if yes, the control module  204  controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the special flight area. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the obtaining module  202  is further configured to obtain a flight height of the special flight area; and the control module  204  is configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly at a height greater than or less than the height of the special flight area. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the obtaining module  202  is further configured to obtain a boundary of the special flight area; and the control module  204  is configured to control the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the boundary of the special flight area. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , a prompt warning is sent to a control terminal if the judging module  203  determines that there is a special flight area on the flight route. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the obtaining module  202  obtains height information of the obstacle on the flight route by using a three-dimensional map. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the determining module  201  is configured to: 
     obtain at least one path planning criterion; and 
     determine the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the start point and the end point according to the at least one path planning criterion. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the at least one path planning criterion includes at least one of the following criteria: 
     a minimum-energy criterion, a highest-flight-speed criterion, a highest-flight-safety criterion and a special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the at least one path planning criterion includes the special-flight-area avoidance criterion. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the special flight area includes any of the following areas: 
     a no-fly zone, a height restricted area and an area that affects a flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the judging module  203  is specifically configured to: 
     determine whether there is a height restricted area on the flight route; 
     if yes, determine whether a height of the height restricted area is greater than a maximum height of the obstacle on the flight route; and 
     if yes, determine that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the judging module  203  is specifically configured to: 
     determine whether a maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies is greater than the height of the obstacle; and 
     if yes, determine that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is greater than the height of the obstacle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the maximum height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle flies depends on a lifting force provided by an actuating apparatus of the unmanned aerial vehicle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the control module  204  controls the unmanned aerial vehicle to fly to avoid the obstacle laterally if the judging module  203  determines that the height at which the unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of flying is less than the height of the obstacle. 
     In some embodiments of the apparatus  200 , the obstacle includes at least one of the following: 
     a building, a mountain, a tree, a forest and a signal tower. 
     For detailed descriptions about modules in the apparatus, refer to the foregoing description. Details are not described herein again. 
     An embodiment of the present invention further provides a flight management method. The management method may be performed by the electronic device  20  in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 7 , the method includes the following steps. 
       301 : Obtain flight state information and flight routes of at least two unmanned aerial vehicles within a management range. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, when a flight height of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is greater than a preset height threshold, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  automatically enters a management range of the electronic device  20 . When the flight height of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is greater than the preset height threshold, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  sends a signal to the electronic device  20 . After receiving the signal, the electronic device  20  obtains control permission on the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . It can be understood that, hardware of the unmanned aerial vehicle within the foregoing management range needs to support detection by the electronic device. Once the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  reaches a particular flight height, a function of a to-be-detected module carried in the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is automatically enabled. Therefore, the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  automatically enters the management range of the electronic device  20 . Within the management range, the electronic device possesses control permission on all unmanned aerial vehicles  10 . 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be a flight route planned according to a path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle described in an embodiment of the present invention. 
     The electronic device  20  may receive, by using a signal transceiver, flight state information and/or a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  by using an intelligent terminal  40 . In some embodiments, the flight state information and/or the flight route may be directly sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  to the electronic device  20 . The flight state information includes location information, speed information and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 , and the location information and the speed information may be obtained by using an airborne inertial device disposed on the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . The location information of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  includes horizontal coordinate information (longitude, latitude and the like) and height information. The flight route may be sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  or the intelligent terminal  40  to the electronic device  20 , or may be obtained by the electronic device  20  by prediction according to the flight state information of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . Optionally, the flight route may be obtained by the electronic device  20 , the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  or the intelligent terminal  40  based on a three-dimensional map. 
       302 : Determine that there is an interference area on the flight routes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     That is, it is determined that there is an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  having a collision risk in the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  monitored by the electronic device  20 . In an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device  20  may determine, by determining whether there are unmanned aerial vehicles  10  whose flight routes intersect or whose flight routes are close, whether there is an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  having a collision risk in the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  monitored by the electronic device  20 . Moreover, a safety distance of each unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be determined with reference to the volume of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  (volume information of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may be sent to the electronic device  20 ). If a distance between flight routes of two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  is less than a safety distance of one of the unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , there is an interference area between the two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  and the interference area may be determined with reference to factors such as volumes and flight control errors of the unmanned aerial vehicles  10 . 
       303 : Determine whether a difference between time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is less than a preset threshold. 
     If there is an interference area, a time period in which each unmanned aerial vehicle  10  reaches the interference area along a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is obtained according to location information and speed information of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . If time periods in which two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  reach the interference area are relatively close and a difference between the time periods is less than the preset threshold, there is a collision risk between the two unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , that is, flight interferes with each other. The preset threshold is a minimum time interval ensuring that the foregoing two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  do not appear simultaneously in the foregoing interference area. 
       304 : If yes, perform coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , so as to prevent the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area from being less than the preset threshold. 
     In an embodiment of the present invention, the performing coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles  10  may be performing pre-warning prompt on two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  whose flight interferes with each other. If an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is manipulated by a user, the user may be reminded to perform careful manipulation, thereby improving the safe flight awareness. If the pre-warning does not work, the electronic device  20  may further adjust a flight speed or a flight direction of one or more of the unmanned aerial vehicles  10 , so that a difference between time periods in which the unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, to avoid vehicle collision incidents. Alternatively, the electronic device  20  may not perform the pre-warning but directly adjust a flight speed or a flight direction of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . A flight speed or a flight direction of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  adopting an autonomous flight mode is preferentially adjusted. A flight direction changes a flight route of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 . Therefore, a flight speed of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is preferentially adjusted. 
     For example, if two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  whose flight interferes with each other all adopt the autonomous flight mode, flight speeds of the two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  may be controlled simultaneously, so that a difference between time periods in which the two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  reach the interference area satisfies a safe preset threshold. If in two or more unmanned aerial vehicles  10  whose flight interferes with each other, an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  adopts the autonomous flight mode and an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  is controlled by the user  30  in real time, a flight speed of only the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  in the autonomous flight mode is adjusted. 
     This embodiment of the present invention can avoid a vehicle collision incident of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  to a large extent, so as to improve the flight safety of the aerial vehicle. 
     It should be noted that, the foregoing planning apparatus  200  may perform the corresponding planning method provided in the embodiments of the present invention and has corresponding functional modules for performing the method and beneficial effects. For technical details not specifically described in the embodiment of the planning apparatus, refer to the planning method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. 
     An embodiment of the present invention further provides a flight management apparatus. The management apparatus  400  is used for the electronic device  20  in  FIG. 1 . As shown in  FIG. 8 , the management apparatus  400  includes: 
     an obtaining module  401 , configured to obtain flight state information and flight routes of at least two unmanned aerial vehicles within a management range; 
     a determining module  402 , configured to determine that there is an interference area on the flight routes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; 
     a judging module  403 , configured to determine whether a difference between time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is less than a preset threshold; and 
     a control module  404 , configured to perform coordinate control on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so as to prevent the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area from being less than the preset threshold. 
     This embodiment of the present invention can avoid a vehicle collision incident of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  to a large extent, so as to improve the flight safety of the aerial vehicle. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , referring to  FIG. 9 , the obtaining module  401  further includes a receiving module  4011 , the receiving module  4011  being configured to receive a flight route sent by each of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , referring to  FIG. 9 , the obtaining module  401  includes a prediction module  4012 , the prediction module  4012  being configured to predict a flight route of each of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles according to the flight state information of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , the obtaining module  401  is further configured to: 
     receive signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles; and 
     obtain control permission on the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , the obtaining module  401  is specifically configured to: 
     receive signals sent by the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles when flight heights of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles are greater than a preset height threshold. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , the control module  404  is configured to: 
     perform coordinate control on speed magnitudes of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , the control module  404  is configured to: 
     perform coordinate control on speed directions of the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles, so that the difference between the time periods in which the at least two unmanned aerial vehicles reach the interference area is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. 
     In some embodiments of the management apparatus  400 , the flight state information includes location information and speed information. 
     It should be noted that, the foregoing management apparatus  400  used for the electronic device  20  may perform the corresponding management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention and has corresponding functional modules for performing the method and beneficial effects. For technical details not specifically described in the embodiment of the management apparatus, refer to the management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. 
       FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 10 , the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  includes: 
     a shell  13 ; 
     an arm  14  connected to the shell; 
     a processor  11  disposed in the shell or the arm; and 
     a memory  12  in communication connection with the processor, the memory  12  being disposed in the shell  13  or the arm  14 . 
     The processor  11  may be connected to the memory  12  by using a bus or in another manner. 
     As a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, the memory  12  may be configured to store a non-volatile software program, a non-volatile computer executable program and a module, for example, program instructions/units corresponding to the planning method in the embodiments of the present invention (for example, the determining module  201 , the obtaining module  202 , the judging module  203  and the control module  204  shown in  FIG. 6 ). The processor  11  runs the non-volatile software program or instructions and units stored in the memory  12 , so as to perform various functional applications and data processing of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10 , that is, implement the path planning method for an unmanned aerial vehicle described in the foregoing embodiments. 
     The memory  12  may include a program storage area and a data storage area, where the program storage area may store an operating system and an application program required by at least one function; and the data storage area may store data created according to use of the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  or the like. Moreover, the memory  12  may include a high-speed random access memory and may further include a non-volatile memory, for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device or another non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory  12  optionally includes memories disposed remotely relative to the processor  11  and these remote memories may be connected to the unmanned aerial vehicle  10  by using a network. 
     The one or more modules are stored in the memory  12 . When being executed by the one or more processors  11 , the one or more modules perform the planning method in any of the foregoing method embodiments, for example, perform the method steps  101  to  105  in  FIGS. 2, 1021   a  to  1022   a  in  FIGS. 3, 1021   b  to  1022   b  in  FIGS. 4 and 107 and 108  in  FIG. 5  described above and implement functions or the modules  201  to  204  in  FIG. 6 . 
     The foregoing unmanned aerial vehicle  10  may perform the planning method provided in the embodiments of the present invention and has corresponding functional modules for performing the method and beneficial effects. For technical details not specifically described in the embodiment of the aerial vehicle  10 , refer to the planning method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. 
     An embodiment of the present invention provides a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores computer executable instructions and the computer executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, to perform, for example, the method steps  101  to  105  in  FIGS. 2, 1021   a  to  1022   a  in  FIG. 3, 1021   b  to  1022   b  in  FIGS. 4 and 107 and 108  in  FIG. 5  described above and implement functions of the modules  201  to  204  in  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a flight management apparatus  20  (for example, the electronic device  20  in  FIG. 1 ) according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 11 , the flight management apparatus  20  includes: 
     a main body; 
     a display screen  24  disposed on the main body; 
     a processor  21  disposed in the main body; 
     a transceiver  23  in communication connection with the processor  21 ; and 
     a memory  22  in communication connection with the processor  21 . 
     The processor  21  may be connected to the memory  22  by using a bus or in another manner. 
     As a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, the memory  22  may be configured to store a non-volatile software program, a non-volatile computer executable program and a module, for example, program instructions/units corresponding to the management method in the embodiments of the present invention (for example, the obtaining module  401 , the determining module  402 , the judging module  403  and the control module  404  shown in  FIG. 8 ). The processor  21  runs the non-volatile software program or instructions and units stored in the memory  22 , so as to perform various functional applications and data processing of the flight management apparatus  20 , that is, implement the flight management method described in the foregoing embodiments. 
     The memory  22  may include a program storage area and a data storage area, where the program storage area may store an operating system and an application program required by at least one function; and the data storage area may store data created according to use of the flight management apparatus  20  or the like. Moreover, the memory  22  may include a high-speed random access memory and may further include a non-volatile memory, for example, at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device or another non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory  22  optionally includes memories disposed remotely relative to the processor  21  and these remote memories may be connected to the flight management apparatus by using a network. Examples of the foregoing network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communications network and a combination thereof. 
     The one or more units are stored in the memory  22 . When being executed by the one or more processors  21 , the one or more units perform the management method in any of the foregoing method embodiments, for example, perform the method steps  301  to  304  in  FIG. 7  and implement functions of the modules  401  to  404  in  FIG. 8  and the modules  401  to  404  and  4011  and  4012  in  FIG. 9  described above. 
     The foregoing flight management apparatus  20  may perform the management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention and has corresponding functional modules for performing the method and beneficial effects. For technical details not specifically described in the embodiment of the flight management apparatus  20 , refer to the management method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. 
     The flight management apparatus  20  of this embodiment of the present invention exists in a plurality of forms, including but being not limited to: 
     (1) Mobile communications device: such a device is characterized by having a mobile communication function and is mainly responsible for providing voice and data communication. Such a terminal includes: a smartphone (for example, an iPhone), a multimedia mobile phone, a feature phone, a low-end mobile phone and the like. 
     (2) Ultra mobile personal computer device: such a device falls within a personal computer, has computing and processing functions and generally also has a mobile Internet access characteristic. Such a terminal includes: a PDA, a MID and a UMPC device, for example, an iPad. 
     (3) Portable entertainment device: such a device may display and play multimedia content. Such a device includes: an audio and video player (for example, an iPod), a handheld game console, an electronic book, an intelligent toy and a portable vehicle-mounted navigation device. 
     (4) Server: the server is a device providing a computing service and includes components such as a processor, a hard disk, a memory and a system bus. The server has an architecture similar to that of a general-purpose computer, but has higher requirements on aspects such as the processing capability, stability, reliability, safety, extensibility and manageability because it needs to provide a highly reliable service. 
     An embodiment of the present invention further provides a non-volatile computer readable storage medium, the computer readable storage medium stores computer executable instructions and the computer executable instructions are executed by one or more processors, to perform, for example, the method steps  301  to  304  in  FIG. 7  and implement functions of the modules  401  to  404  in  FIG. 8  and the modules  401  to  404  and  4011  and  4012  in  FIG. 9  described above. 
     The foregoing apparatus embodiments are merely exemplary and units described as separate components may be or may not be physically separated. Components shown as units may be or may not be physical units, that is, may be integrated or distributed to a plurality of network units. A part of or all of the modules may be selected according to the actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments. 
     Through the descriptions of the preceding embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art may understand that the implementations may be implemented by using hardware only or by using software and a universal hardware platform. Persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that all or a part of the processes of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware. The program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When the program is run, the processes of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention are performed. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM). 
     Finally, it should be noted that, the foregoing embodiments are merely used for illustrating rather than limiting the technical solutions of the present invention. According to the idea of the present invention, technical features in the foregoing embodiments or in different embodiments may also be combined. Steps may be implemented in any order and there exist many other changes in different aspects of the present invention described above. For brevity, the changes are not provided in details. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions to some technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.