Patent Publication Number: US-2023146583-A1

Title: Abstract generation apparatus, abstract generation method and program

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a summary generation device, a summary generation method, and a program. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     In 2015, “the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” centered on sustainable development goals (SDGs) was adopted at the United Nations Summit. The SDGs include 17 goals and 169 targets and cover wide varieties from development support for developing countries such as poverty and hunger, health and education, and water safety to job satisfaction and economic growth, energy, climate changes, and biodiversity. 
     Contributions to social issues such as the SDGs are thought to be a market that brings great business opportunities and many companies have begun to consider solutions for these goals. In particular, ICT (Information and Communication Technology) service solutions are expected to contribute significantly to solving these social issues. 
     The meanings of the SDGs including the target documents need to be understood correctly to determine the goal of the SDGs to which each ICT service can contribute. Unless the targets are understood correctly, the original effects of ICT services not only may be overlooked, but also are at a risk of being overestimated. 
     However, the 169 targets are difficult to read because they are not numerical goals, but action goals. Since it is difficult for the evaluator who evaluates the relevance of ICC services to accurately understand the intentions of the 169 targets and grasp the causal relationship operationally, proper summarization in consideration of the causal relationship indicating contribution of ICT services is necessary. 
     Conventionally, for example, a keyword extraction method has been used to generate the goals that summarize the targets (Non Patent Literature 1). 
     CITATION LIST 
     Non Patent Literature 
     [NPL 1] “Final Report about Possibility of SDGs Business and Rulemaking”, Deloitte Tohmatsu Consulting LLC, December 2017 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     However, particularly in ICT services, the causal relationship with the targets to which ICT services contribute needs to be clarified, but the causal relationship cannot be clarified only by keywords, thereby making it difficult to obtain a summary that facilitates the decision of the goal to which a certain ICT service contributes. 
     For example, the keyword “land” is extracted in the keyword extraction from the target of goal 1 described in Non Patent Literature 1, but it is difficult to determine how an ICT service can contribute to this goal only by the word. 
     In addition, for example, when a target of goal 1 “By 2030, the proportion of men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national definitions are reduced at least by half” is summarized by summarization (keyword extraction) using a commonly used dependency analysis, “in poverty ”, “reduced at least by half”, and the like are obtained. 
     However, the meaning of the sentence cannot be grasped easily and how the ICT service can contribute to the goal cannot be determined easily. 
     The present invention addresses the problem described above with an object of generating a summary that facilitates the decision of the goal of the SDGs to which an ICT service contributes. 
     Means for Solving the Problem 
     Accordingly, to solve the problem described above, there is provided a summary generation device including a first extraction unit that extracts, based on components of text data regarding an ICT service, one or more pieces of first feature information from the text data; a second extraction unit that extracts, based on components of a target belonging to a goal of SDGs, one or more pieces of second feature information from the target; a decision unit that decides similarity with the first feature information for each of the one or more pieces of second feature information; and a generation unit that generates, as a summary of the goal, a result of a cluster analysis of a set of the components that correspond to a piece of second feature information having the similarity equal to or more than a threshold among the one or more pieces of second feature information. 
     Effects of the Invention 
     It is possible to generate a summary that can facilitate the decision of the goal of SDGs to which an ICT service contributes. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a figure illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a summary generation device  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    is a figure illustrating an example of the functional structure of the summary generation device  10  according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  3    is a flowchart for describing an example of the processing procedure for extracting the feature information of an ICE service. 
         FIG.  4    is a flowchart for describing an example of the processing procedure for generating summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  5    is a figure illustrating an example of the result of a morphological analysis of a target document. 
         FIG.  6    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  7    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  8    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  9    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  10    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
         FIG.  11    is a figure illustrating an output example of summaries of goals of the SDGs. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.  FIG.  1    is a figure illustrating an example of the hardware structure a summary generation device  10  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The summary generation device  10  in  FIG.  1    includes a drive device  100 , an auxiliary storage device  102 , a memory device  103 , a CPU  104 , an interface device  105 , and the like, which are connected to each other via a bus B. 
     The program that achieves processing in the summary generation device  10  is provided by a recoding medium  101  such as a CD-ROM. When the recoding medium  101  that stores the program is set in the drive device  100 , the program is installed in the auxiliary storage device  102  from the recoding medium  101  via the drive device  100 . However, the program does not necessarily have to be installed from the recoding medium  101  and may be downloaded from another computer via a network. The auxiliary storage device  102  stores the installed program as well as necessary files and data. 
     The memory device  103  reads the program from the auxiliary storage device  102  and stores the program when an instruction for starting the program is issued. The CPU  104  executes the function regarding the summary generation device  10  according to the program stored in the memory device  103 . The interface device  105  is used as an interface for connecting to a network. 
       FIG.  2    is a figure illustrating an example of the functional structure of the summary generation device  10  according to the embodiment of the present invention. In  FIG.  2   , the summary generation device  10  includes a service feature extraction unit  11 , a morphological analysis unit  12 , a syntax analysis unit  13 , a decision unit  14 , a summary generation unit  15 , a summary output unit  16 , and the like. In addition, the service feature extraction unit  11  includes a morphological analysis unit  111  and a feature calculation unit  112 . These units are achieved by causing the CPU  104  to execute one or more programs installed in the summary generation device  10 . The summary generation device  10  also uses storage units such as a text DB  121  and a feature storage unit  122 . These storage units can be achieved by, for example, the auxiliary storage device  102 , a storage device that can be connected to the summary generation device  10  via a network, or other devices. 
     The processing procedure executed by the summary generation device  10  will be described below.  FIG.  3    is a flowchart for describing an example of the processing procedure for extracting the feature information of an ICT service. In  FIG.  3   , a loop L1 (steps S 101  to S 104 ) is executed for each ICT (Information and Communication Technology) service for which text data is stored in the text DB  121 . The text data of the ICT service is, for example, text data in which examples of contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are described. However, electronic explanatory documents related to an ICT service, such as text data describing an overview and effects of the ICT service, may be stored in the text DB  121  as the text data for the ICT service. The text data may also be collected from websites. The ICT service to be processed by loop L1 is referred to below as the “target service”. 
     In step S 101 , the morphological analysis unit  111  inputs the text data (referred to below as the “target text data”) of the target service. It should be noted that the text DB  121  stores the text data in association with the identification information (such as the service name) of the ICT service. 
     Subsequently, the morphological analysis unit  111  performs the morphological analysis of the target text data and extracts the components (morphemes) of the target text data (S 102 ). The morphological analysis may be performed using a morphological analysis tool such as, for example, JUMAN, MeCab, or ChaSen. 
     Subsequently, the feature calculation unit  112  extracts (calculates) one or more pieces of feature information (referred to below as the “service feature”) of the target text data based on the result (the components of the target text data) of the morphological analysis (S 103 ). The feature calculation unit  112  extracts (calculates) the service feature by using natural language processing such as, for example, a Tf-idf method, a co-occurrence analysis, or a dependency analysis or a text mining technology. For example, a dependency analysis tool such as CaboCha may be used for the dependency analysis. A library such as pyfpgrowth may be used for the co-occurrence degree analysis. 
     For example, when the target service is the “ICT buoy” and the target text data is the Web document published on “https://www.nttdocomo.co.jp/biz/service/ict_bui/”, for example, a set of the service features as described below is extracted as a result of the dependency analysis between nouns (noun—noun). 
     salinity—data
 
salinity—sea
 
mobile phone—check
 
work details—storage
 
maximum value—display
 
:
 
It should be noted that the feature calculation unit  112  may vectorize (quantify) the service features described above. Specifically, the feature calculation unit  112  may covert the nouns to distributed representations using Word2Vec, and use the average of the distributed representations between nouns in a dependency relationship as the value of the service feature between these nouns. For example, in the case of “salinity—data”, the average of the distributed representation of “salinity” and the distributed representation of “data” may be the service feature. Alternatively, the distributed representations of the nouns may be added and normalized to obtain the service feature.
 
     Subsequently, the feature calculation unit  112  stores, in the feature storage unit  122 , a set of the service features calculated in step S 103  in association with the identification information (for example, the service name) of the target service (S 104 ). 
     The loop L1 is executed for each of ICT services, whereby a set of service features of the plurality of ICT services is stored in the feature storage unit  122 . 
       FIG.  4    is a flowchart for describing an example of the processing procedure for generating summaries of the goals of the SDGs. 
     In  FIG.  4   , loop processing L2 is executed for each of the 17 goals of the SDGs. The goals that are the processing targets in the loop processing L2 are referred to below as the “target goals”. In addition, the loop processing L3 in the loop processing L2 is executed for each of the targets belonging to the target goals of the 169 targets. The target that is the processing target in the loop processing L3 is referred to below as the “processing target”. 
     In step S 201 , the morphological analysis unit  12  performs the morphological analysis of text data (referred to below as the “target document”) in which the processing target is described to extract the components (morphemes) of the target document. The method of the morphological analysis may be the same as that of the morphological analysis by the morphological analysis unit  111 . It should be noted that  FIG.  5    illustrates an example of the result of a morphological analysis of the target document (“Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries”) of target 13.1. 
     Subsequently, the syntax analysis unit  13  extracts one or more pieces of feature information of the target document by performing the syntax analysis of the target document based on the result (components of the target document) of the morphological analysis of the target document (S 202 ). It should be noted that the syntax analysis may be the same as the processing performed by the feature calculation unit  112 . Accordingly, in the case of a dependency analysis (noun—noun), a set of words or phrases such as “natural disasters—adaptability:” is obtained as a set of feature information (referred to below as a target feature). When the service feature calculated by the feature calculation unit  112  is a vector (distributed representation), the syntax analysis unit  13  only needs to vectorize the target features in the same way as in the feature calculation unit  112 . That is, the feature information that can be compared with the feature information of the text data of an ICT service about the target document can be obtained by the syntax analysis unit  13 . 
     Subsequently, the decision unit  14  decides (calculates) the similarity with each of the service features stored in the feature storage unit  122  for each of the target features obtained in step S 202  (S 203 ). At this time, the service features for which the similarity with the target features is decided do not need to be all the service features stored in the feature storage unit  122  and may be limited to the service features regarding one or more ICT service known to contribute to the processing targets. For example, the correspondence information between targets and the ICT services that contribute to the targets may be stored in advance in the auxiliary storage device  102  or the like. The decision unit  14  decides (calculates) the similarity with the service features regarding the ICT services corresponding to the processing targets in the correspondence information for each of the target features obtained in step S 202 . For example, when the number of target features is N and the number of service features regarding the one or more of ICT services is M, M similarities are calculated for each of the N target features. It should be noted that known indexes only need to be used as the similarities. For example, cosine similarity may be used. 
     Subsequently, the decision unit  14  extracts the words or phrases (components of the target document) regarding the target features having a similarity (which is one of the M similarities in the example described above) equal to or more than a threshold (for example, equal to or more than 0.6 in the case of, for example, cosine similarity) from the set of target features obtained in step S 202  (S 204 ). That is, the components that are highly related to the ICT services are extracted from the target document. 
     After the loop processing L3 is performed for all the targets belonging to the target goals, the summary generation unit  15  performs a cluster analysis of the set of words or phrases extracted in step S 204  of the loop processing L3, classifies them into clusters, and generates the result of classification into the clusters as the summaries of the target goals (S 205 ). This generates the summaries of the target goals in which duplicate words or phrases are avoided. It should be noted that, for example, a Topic model may be used for the cluster analysis. 
     After the loop processing L2 is performed for all the 17 goals, the summary output unit  16  outputs the summaries generated for the goals (S 206 ). For example, the summaries of the goals may be displayed on the display device of a terminal that can be operated by the user (for example, an expert familiar with SDGs). At this time, parts of the summaries may be edited (corrected) by the user for easier understanding. 
       FIGS.  6  to  10    are figures illustrating output examples of summaries of the goals of SDGs. The summaries of the goals are divided into a plurality of lines and this division is based on the result of classification into the clusters in step S 205 . That is, each line corresponds to one cluster and the words and the like included in each line apply to the words and the like classified into the cluster corresponding to the line. 
     As described above, according to the embodiment, the causal relationship indicating contribution of an ICT service is reflected, the components are extracted from the target document of SDGs, and the summaries of the goals are generated based on the components. That is, since the service features regarding the effect target and the usage of an ICT service is used, the causal relationship indicating contribution can be reflected. In addition, by performing the cluster analysis of the target features extracted using the service features, it is possible to generate an appropriately summarized goal in which duplication is avoided. This can generate a summary that facilitates the decision of the goal of the SDGs to which an ICT service contributes. 
     It should be noted that the service feature extraction unit  11  in the embodiment is an example of the first extraction unit. The morphological analysis unit  12  and the syntax analysis unit  13  are examples of the second extraction unit. The summary generation unit  15  is an example of the generation unit. The summary output unit  16  is an example of the output unit. The service feature is an example of the first feature information. The target feature is an example of the second feature information. 
     Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment described above, and various modifications and changes can be made within the concept of the present invention described in the claims. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       10  summary generation device 
       11  service feature extraction unit 
       12  morphological analysis unit 
       13  syntax analysis unit 
       14  decision unit 
       15  summary generation unit 
       16  summary output unit 
       100  drive device 
       101  recoding medium 
       102  auxiliary storage device 
       103  memory device 
       104  CPU 
       105  interface device 
       111  morphological analysis unit 
       112  feature calculation unit 
       121  text DB 
       122  feature storage unit 
     B bus