Patent Publication Number: US-2021175999-A1

Title: Identifying an MCS and CQI Table

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate, in general, to wireless communications. More particularly, certain embodiments of the present disclosure relate to identifying a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) table and a channel quality indicator (CQI) table. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Cellular wireless systems include network nodes that communicate with wireless devices over a wireless interface. Examples of cellular wireless systems include those specified in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and New Radio (NR). Examples of network nodes include base stations, such as Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network nodeBs (eNBs) and base stations in NR (gNBs). Examples of wireless devices include terminals and user equipment (UE). The network nodes and wireless communicate to each other using MCSs that are set based on some channel quality information. CQI and MCS tables may be referred to by the wireless device for determining a CQI report and by the network node (eNB/gNB) for scheduling. 
     LTE is designed based mainly on enhanced Mobile Broad Band (eMBB) traffic type. The CQI report in the current LTE system corresponds to 10% target block error rate (BLER). The CQI and MCS tables in LTE, see for example 3GPP TS 36.213 V14.4.0 (2017 September), are also designed based on this 10% target BLER. This target BLER is not sufficient for new services or use cases requiring ultra-high reliability such as Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC). 
     SUMMARY 
     There currently exist certain challenge(s). Multiple target BLER may be available for high reliability or low latency communication services, for example URLLC. When multiple separate CQI tables and/or MCS tables are defined including a default one for eMBB, it is important to specify configuration of these tables and determine how the tables can be identified and ultimately enable a wireless device to select appropriate MCS and/or CQI values for a determined communication service from the defined tables. 
     For example, when multiple CQI/MCS tables are specified, methods are required to configure the usage of these tables in order for the system to operate properly and efficiently. 
     Certain aspects of the present disclosure and their embodiments may provide solutions to these or other challenges. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide new methods for configuring the use of MCS and CQI tables when multiple tables exist. For example, certain embodiments provide methods for configuring the use of MCS and QCI tables based on bit field in the downlink control information (DCI), DCI type, and/or configured target BLER. Some embodiments use CQI/MCS tables and BLER target capabilities indication by a wireless device. 
     According to certain embodiments, a method performed by a wireless device comprises receiving an indication corresponding to a communication service and identifying an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables based on the received indication. This provides the advantage that different MCS and CQI tables may be defined and a UE separately controlled by the network to support specific communication services with varying BLER requirements. 
     According to certain embodiments, a wireless device comprises power supply circuitry and processing circuitry. The power supply circuitry is configured to supply power to the wireless device. The processing circuitry is configured to receive an indication corresponding to a communication service and identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables, based on the received indication. 
     The above-described wireless device and/or method performed by a wireless device may include or be configured to support one or more additional features, such as any of the following features: 
     In certain embodiments, the communication service corresponds to a service with a high reliability requirement and/or a low latency requirement. 
     In certain embodiments, the received indication comprises a configured mode. For example, in certain embodiments, the configured mode corresponds to a mode having a low target BLER, a mode having a high reliability requirement, and/or a mode having a low latency requirement. 
     In certain embodiments, a target BLER is implicitly selected by the wireless device from all possible BLER operational levels according to gNb or HARQ-related parameters and/or UE capabilities. 
     In certain embodiments, the method/wireless device sends information to the network that indicates capabilities of the wireless device. The indicated capabilities comprise target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. In some embodiments, the capabilities are indicated implicitly based on service capabilities. In some embodiments, the capabilities are indicated using explicit signalling to the network. 
     In certain embodiments, a target BLER is obtained by the wireless device based on receiving the indication corresponding to the communication service, and the MCS and/or CQI table is identified based on the target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication corresponding to the communication service is received via RRC signalling. 
     In certain embodiments, the identified table is an MCS table and the method/wireless device selects a modulation and coding scheme from the identified table. 
     In certain embodiments, the identified table is a CQI table and the method/wireless device selects a channel quality indication from the identified table. 
     In certain embodiments, a first MCS and/or first CQI table of the plurality of MCS and/or CQI tables corresponds to a first BLER and a second MCS and/or second CQI table of the plurality of MCS and/or CQI tables corresponds to a second BLER. The first BLER is different to the second BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, identifying the MCS and/or CQI table comprises determining to use only one CQI table when the wireless device is configured according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication corresponding to the communication service is received via DCI. In certain embodiments, identifying the MCS and/or CQI table comprises identifying at least one MCS table and at least one CQI table based on the same bit field in DCI. In other embodiments, identifying the MCS and/or CQI table comprises identifying at least one MCS table and at least one CQI table based on different bit fields in DCI. In certain embodiments, the DCI has a DCI format, which one of a plurality of target BLERs to use is determined based on the DCI format, and the MCS and/or CQI table is identified based on the target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, identifying the MCS and/or CQI table comprises identifying a CQI table that corresponds to a first target BLER and an MCS table that corresponds to a second target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the identified MCS and/or CQI table is used during the communication service. 
     According to certain embodiments, a method performed by a network node comprises determining a communication service associated to a wireless device and sending the wireless device an indication corresponding to the communication service. The indication enables the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables. 
     According to certain embodiments, a network node comprises power supply circuitry and processing circuitry. The power supply circuitry is configured to supply power to the network node. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a communication service associated to a wireless device and send the wireless device an indication corresponding to the communication service. The indication enables the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables. 
     The above-described network node and/or method performed by a network node may include or be configured to support one or more additional features, such as any of the following features: 
     In certain embodiments, the communication service corresponds to a service with a high reliability requirement and/or a low latency requirement. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication indicates a configured mode. For example, in certain embodiments, the configured mode corresponds to a mode having a low target BLER, a mode having a high reliability requirement, and/or a mode having a low latency requirement. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication comprises gNb or HARQ-related parameters that enable the wireless device to select a target BLER from all possible BLER operational levels. 
     In certain embodiments, the method and/or network node determine one or more capabilities of the wireless device and prepare the indication corresponding to the communication service based on the one or more capabilities determined for the wireless device. 
     In certain embodiments, the method and/or network node receive information from the wireless device that indicates capabilities of the wireless device, the indicated capabilities comprising target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. In some embodiments, the information received from the wireless device indicates one or more service capabilities of the wireless devices, and the target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device are determined by the network node based on the service capabilities. In some embodiments, the information received from the wireless device explicitly indicates the target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication sent to the wireless device indicates a target BLER that enables the wireless device to identify the MCS and/or CQI table. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication is sent to the wireless device via RRC signalling. 
     In certain embodiments, a first MCS and/or first CQI table of the plurality of MCS and/or CQI tables corresponds to a first BLER and a second MCS and/or second CQI table of the plurality of MCS and/or CQI tables corresponds to a second BLER. The first BLER is different to the second BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication enables the wireless device to determine to use only one CQI table when the wireless device is configured according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication is sent to the wireless device via DCI. In some embodiments, the indication enables the wireless device to identify at least one MCS table and at least one CQI table based on the same bit field in DCI. In other embodiments, the indication enables the wireless device to identify at least one MCS table and at least one CQI table based on different bit fields in DCI. In some embodiments, the DCI has a DCI format, and the DCI format enables the wireless device to determine which one of a plurality of target BLERs to use, thereby enabling the wireless device to identify the MCS and/or CQI table based on the target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments, the indication enables the wireless device to identify a CQI table that corresponds to a first target BLER and an MCS table that corresponds to a second target BLER. 
     In certain embodiments the method/network node communicates with the wireless device via the communication session in which the wireless device uses the identified MCS and/or CQI table. 
     Certain embodiments may provide one or more of the following technical advantage(s). For example, certain embodiments provide methods for configurations of MCS tables to be used for high reliability services such as URLLC. As another example, certain embodiments provide methods that are suitable for general configuration of systems with multiple MCS and CQI tables. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an example of a wireless network, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates an example of User Equipment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates an example of a virtualization environment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates an example of a telecommunication network connected via an intermediate network to a host computer, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates an example of a host computer communicating via a base station with a user equipment over a partially wireless connection, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an example of methods implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates an example of methods implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates an example of methods implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates an example of methods implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates an example of methods in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates an example of methods in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates an example of a virtualization apparatus, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS. 13 a  and 13 b    each illustrate an example of a method that may be performed by a wireless device in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates an example of a method that may be performed by a network node in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Generally, all terms used herein are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the relevant technical field, unless a different meaning is clearly given and/or is implied from the context in which it is used. All references to a/an/the element, apparatus, component, means, step, etc. are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of the element, apparatus, component, means, step, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any methods disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless a step is explicitly described as following or preceding another step and/or where it is implicit that a step must follow or precede another step. Any feature of any of the embodiments disclosed herein may be applied to any other embodiment, wherever appropriate. Likewise, any advantage of any of the embodiments may apply to any other embodiments, and vice versa. Other objectives, features and advantages of the enclosed embodiments will be apparent from the following description. 
     Some of the embodiments contemplated herein will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Other embodiments, however, are contained within the scope of the subject matter disclosed herein, the disclosed subject matter should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided by way of example to convey the scope of the subject matter to those skilled in the art. 
     In 3GPP new radio (NR), two new target block error rates (BLER) are supported for ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC). In the following description, these target BLERs have been denoted as BLER1 and BLER2. The default BLER operation level of 10% is denoted by BLER0. There can exist separate Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) and modulation and coding scheme (MCS) tables corresponding to each of these targets. 
     Examples of BLER1 and BLER2 can be 10{circumflex over ( )}-3 and 10{circumflex over ( )}-5 corresponding to target BLER when one retransmission is allowed and when only single transmission is allowed to reach the overall target of 10{circumflex over ( )}-5. 
     According to certain embodiments, the wireless device can indicate its configuration/capabilities to the network. For example, the wireless device can indicate to the network the wireless device&#39;s BLER targets and MCS/CQI tables capabilities. The capabilities can be indicated implicitly (by service capabilities) or explicitly (by signaling). The ability to indicate such capabilities to the network may be critical in certain situations, particularly if the wireless device does not support all possible MCS/CQI tables or target BLERs defined in a system. The present disclosure introduces this possibility. 
     Several possibilities exist for configuring MCS and CQI tables. For example, in one embodiment, radio resource control (RRC) is used to configure the wireless device with a BLER operation level (such as a BLER operation level selected from BLER0, BLER1, BLER2). The wireless device then uses the MCS and CQI table corresponding to that BLER level. 
     As another example, in one embodiment, target BLER is implicitly picked by the wireless device from all possible BLER operational levels according to eNB/gNB or hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-related parameters and/or wireless device capabilities. Examples of parameters or capabilities that can be used by the wireless device to pick the target BLER include maximum allowed number of HARQ transmissions, sub-carrier spacing (numerology), transmission time interval, mini-slot duration, URLLC capabilities, etc. Consecutively, the wireless device selects CQI/MCS table to operate. 
     As another example, in one embodiment, the wireless device is radio resource control (RRC) protocol configured with “low target BLER mode” or “URLLC mode” and uses two CQI and two MCS tables corresponding to BLER1 and BLER2. A further option would be to use a bit in the downlink control information (DCI) to indicate which CQI table should be used for polled CQI. In addition, or in the alternative, a further option would be to configure the use of only one CQI table when the wireless device is RRC configured with “low target BLER mode” or “URLLC mode.” This can be applied, for example, for periodic channel state information (CSI) operation. 
     As yet another example, in one embodiment, when there is a DCI bit indicating which CQI table to use in the polled CQI operation, the same indication bit is also used to indicate the MCS table for eNB/gNB scheduling. That is, there can be no additional MCS table indication bit in the DCI corresponding to the scheduled transmission. 
     As another example, in another embodiment, when there is a DCI bit indicating which CQI table to use in the polled CQI operation (e.g., to use CQI table corresponding to BLER1), eNB/gNB can decide to schedule with MCS from another MCS table (table corresponding to BLER2). An MCS table indication bit is used in the DCI to indicate which MCS table is used for scheduling. 
     In another embodiment, the wireless device is configured with one BLER target [either BLER1 or BLER2] connected to specific DCI format, e.g., fallback DCI or compact DCI format. When receiving the specific DCI, it uses MCS and CQI tables corresponding to the one low BLER. 
     In yet another embodiment, the wireless device is configured with two BLER targets connected to specific DCI format. When receiving the specific DCI, it uses MCS and CQI tables corresponding to one low BLER [BLER1 or BLER2] as indicated by a bit in the DCI. 
     Although the subject matter described herein may be implemented in any appropriate type of system using any suitable components, the embodiments disclosed herein are described in relation to a wireless network, such as the example wireless network illustrated in  FIG. 1 . For simplicity, the wireless network of  FIG. 1  only depicts network  106 , network nodes  160  and  160   b , and wireless devices  110 ,  110   b , and  110   c . In practice, a wireless network may further include any additional elements suitable to support communication between wireless devices or between a wireless device and another communication device, such as a landline telephone, a service provider, or any other network node or end device. Of the illustrated components, network node  160  and wireless device  110  are depicted with additional detail. The wireless network may provide communication and other types of services to one or more wireless devices to facilitate the wireless devices&#39; access to and/or use of the services provided by, or via, the wireless network. 
     The wireless network may comprise and/or interface with any type of communication, telecommunication, data, cellular, and/or radio network or other similar type of system. In some embodiments, the wireless network may be configured to operate according to specific standards or other types of predefined rules or procedures. Thus, particular embodiments of the wireless network may implement communication standards, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and/or other suitable 2G, 3G, 4G, or 5G standards; wireless local area network (WLAN) standards, such as the IEEE 802.11 standards; and/or any other appropriate wireless communication standard, such as the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMax), Bluetooth, Z-Wave and/or ZigBee standards. 
     Network  106  may comprise one or more backhaul networks, core networks, IP networks, public switched telephone networks (PSTNs), packet data networks, optical networks, wide-area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), wired networks, wireless networks, metropolitan area networks, and other networks to enable communication between devices. 
     Network node  160  and wireless device  110  comprise various components described in more detail below. These components work together in order to provide network node and/or wireless device functionality, such as providing wireless connections in a wireless network. In different embodiments, the wireless network may comprise any number of wired or wireless networks, network nodes, base stations, controllers, wireless devices, relay stations, and/or any other components or systems that may facilitate or participate in the communication of data and/or signals whether via wired or wireless connections. 
     As used herein, network node refers to equipment capable, configured, arranged and/or operable to communicate directly or indirectly with a wireless device and/or with other network nodes or equipment in the wireless network to enable and/or provide wireless access to the wireless device and/or to perform other functions (e.g., administration) in the wireless network. Examples of network nodes include, but are not limited to, access points (APs) (e.g., radio access points), base stations (BSs) (e.g., radio base stations, Node Bs, evolved Node Bs (eNBs) and NR NodeBs (gNBs)). Base stations may be categorized based on the amount of coverage they provide (or, stated differently, their transmit power level) and may then also be referred to as femto base stations, pico base stations, micro base stations, or macro base stations. A base station may be a relay node or a relay donor node controlling a relay. A network node may also include one or more (or all) parts of a distributed radio base station such as centralized digital units and/or remote radio units (RRUs), sometimes referred to as Remote Radio Heads (RRHs). Such remote radio units may or may not be integrated with an antenna as an antenna integrated radio. Parts of a distributed radio base station may also be referred to as nodes in a distributed antenna system (DAS). Yet further examples of network nodes include multi-standard radio (MSR) equipment such as MSR BSs, network controllers such as radio network controllers (RNCs) or base station controllers (BSCs), base transceiver stations (BTSs), transmission points, transmission nodes, multi-cell/multicast coordination entities (MCEs), core network nodes (e.g., MSCs, MMEs), O&amp;M nodes, OSS nodes, SON nodes, positioning nodes (e.g., E-SMLCs), and/or MDTs. As another example, a network node may be a virtual network node as described in more detail below. More generally, however, network nodes may represent any suitable device (or group of devices) capable, configured, arranged, and/or operable to enable and/or provide a wireless device with access to the wireless network or to provide some service to a wireless device that has accessed the wireless network. 
     In  FIG. 1 , network node  160  includes processing circuitry  170 , device readable medium  180 , interface  190 , auxiliary equipment  184 , power source  186 , power circuitry  187 , and antenna  162 . Although network node  160  illustrated in the example wireless network of  FIG. 1  may represent a device that includes the illustrated combination of hardware components, other embodiments may comprise network nodes with different combinations of components. It is to be understood that a network node comprises any suitable combination of hardware and/or software needed to perform the tasks, features, functions and methods disclosed herein. Moreover, while the components of network node  160  are depicted as single boxes located within a larger box, or nested within multiple boxes, in practice, a network node may comprise multiple different physical components that make up a single illustrated component (e.g., device readable medium  180  may comprise multiple separate hard drives as well as multiple RAM modules). 
     Similarly, network node  160  may be composed of multiple physically separate components (e.g., a NodeB component and a RNC component, or a BTS component and a BSC component, etc.), which may each have their own respective components. In certain scenarios in which network node  160  comprises multiple separate components (e.g., BTS and BSC components), one or more of the separate components may be shared among several network nodes. For example, a single RNC may control multiple NodeB&#39;s. In such a scenario, each unique NodeB and RNC pair, may in some instances be considered a single separate network node. In some embodiments, network node  160  may be configured to support multiple radio access technologies (RATs). In such embodiments, some components may be duplicated (e.g., separate device readable medium  180  for the different RATs) and some components may be reused (e.g., the same antenna  162  may be shared by the RATs). Network node  160  may also include multiple sets of the various illustrated components for different wireless technologies integrated into network node  160 , such as, for example, GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, or Bluetooth wireless technologies. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chip or set of chips and other components within network node  160 . 
     Processing circuitry  170  is configured to perform any determining, calculating, or similar operations (e.g., certain obtaining operations) described herein as being provided by a network node. These operations performed by processing circuitry  170  may include processing information obtained by processing circuitry  170  by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored in the network node, and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination. 
     Processing circuitry  170  may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software and/or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other network node  160  components, such as device readable medium  180 , network node  160  functionality. For example, processing circuitry  170  may execute instructions stored in device readable medium  180  or in memory within processing circuitry  170 . Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features, functions, or benefits discussed herein. In some embodiments, processing circuitry  170  may include a system on a chip (SOC). 
     In some embodiments, processing circuitry  170  may include one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry  172  and baseband processing circuitry  174 . In some embodiments, radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry  172  and baseband processing circuitry  174  may be on separate chips (or sets of chips), boards, or units, such as radio units and digital units. In alternative embodiments, part or all of RF transceiver circuitry  172  and baseband processing circuitry  174  may be on the same chip or set of chips, boards, or units 
     In certain embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein as being provided by a network node, base station, eNB or other such network device may be performed by processing circuitry  170  executing instructions stored on device readable medium  180  or memory within processing circuitry  170 . In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functionality may be provided by processing circuitry  170  without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device readable medium, such as in a hard-wired manner. In any of those embodiments, whether executing instructions stored on a device readable storage medium or not, processing circuitry  170  can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to processing circuitry  170  alone or to other components of network node  160 , but are enjoyed by network node  160  as a whole, and/or by end users and the wireless network generally. 
     Device readable medium  180  may comprise any form of volatile or non-volatile computer readable memory including, without limitation, persistent storage, solid-state memory, remotely mounted memory, magnetic media, optical media, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), mass storage media (for example, a hard disk), removable storage media (for example, a flash drive, a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), and/or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device readable and/or computer-executable memory devices that store information, data, and/or instructions that may be used by processing circuitry  170 . Device readable medium  180  may store any suitable instructions, data or information, including a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, etc. and/or other instructions capable of being executed by processing circuitry  170  and, utilized by network node  160 . Device readable medium  180  may be used to store any calculations made by processing circuitry  170  and/or any data received via interface  190 . In some embodiments, processing circuitry  170  and device readable medium  180  may be considered to be integrated. 
     Interface  190  is used in the wired or wireless communication of signalling and/or data between network node  160 , network  106 , and/or wireless devices  110 . As illustrated, interface  190  comprises port(s)/terminal(s)  194  to send and receive data, for example to and from network  106  over a wired connection. Interface  190  also includes radio front end circuitry  192  that may be coupled to, or in certain embodiments a part of, antenna  162 . Radio front end circuitry  192  comprises filters  198  and amplifiers  196 . Radio front end circuitry  192  may be connected to antenna  162  and processing circuitry  170 . Radio front end circuitry may be configured to condition signals communicated between antenna  162  and processing circuitry  170 . Radio front end circuitry  192  may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or wireless devices via a wireless connection. Radio front end circuitry  192  may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters  198  and/or amplifiers  196 . The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna  162 . Similarly, when receiving data, antenna  162  may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by radio front end circuitry  192 . The digital data may be passed to processing circuitry  170 . In other embodiments, the interface may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components. 
     In certain alternative embodiments, network node  160  may not include separate radio front end circuitry  192 , instead, processing circuitry  170  may comprise radio front end circuitry and may be connected to antenna  162  without separate radio front end circuitry  192 . Similarly, in some embodiments, all or some of RF transceiver circuitry  172  may be considered a part of interface  190 . In still other embodiments, interface  190  may include one or more ports or terminals  194 , radio front end circuitry  192 , and RF transceiver circuitry  172 , as part of a radio unit (not shown), and interface  190  may communicate with baseband processing circuitry  174 , which is part of a digital unit (not shown). 
     Antenna  162  may include one or more antennas, or antenna arrays, configured to send and/or receive wireless signals. Antenna  162  may be coupled to radio front end circuitry  190  and may be any type of antenna capable of transmitting and receiving data and/or signals wirelessly. In some embodiments, antenna  162  may comprise one or more omni-directional, sector or panel antennas operable to transmit/receive radio signals between, for example, 2 GHz and 66 GHz. An omni-directional antenna may be used to transmit/receive radio signals in any direction, a sector antenna may be used to transmit/receive radio signals from devices within a particular area, and a panel antenna may be a line of sight antenna used to transmit/receive radio signals in a relatively straight line. In some instances, the use of more than one antenna may be referred to as MIMO. In certain embodiments, antenna  162  may be separate from network node  160  and may be connectable to network node  160  through an interface or port. 
     Antenna  162 , interface  190 , and/or processing circuitry  170  may be configured to perform any receiving operations and/or certain obtaining operations described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and/or signals may be received from a wireless device, another network node and/or any other network equipment. Similarly, antenna  162 , interface  190 , and/or processing circuitry  170  may be configured to perform any transmitting operations described herein as being performed by a network node. Any information, data and/or signals may be transmitted to a wireless device, another network node and/or any other network equipment. 
     Power circuitry  187  may comprise, or be coupled to, power management circuitry and is configured to supply the components of network node  160  with power for performing the functionality described herein. Power circuitry  187  may receive power from power source  186 . Power source  186  and/or power circuitry  187  may be configured to provide power to the various components of network node  160  in a form suitable for the respective components (e.g., at a voltage and current level needed for each respective component). Power source  186  may either be included in, or external to, power circuitry  187  and/or network node  160 . For example, network node  160  may be connectable to an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet) via an input circuitry or interface such as an electrical cable, whereby the external power source supplies power to power circuitry  187 . As a further example, power source  186  may comprise a source of power in the form of a battery or battery pack which is connected to, or integrated in, power circuitry  187 . The battery may provide backup power should the external power source fail. Other types of power sources, such as photovoltaic devices, may also be used. 
     Alternative embodiments of network node  160  may include additional components beyond those shown in  FIG. 1  that may be responsible for providing certain aspects of the network node&#39;s functionality, including any of the functionality described herein and/or any functionality necessary to support the subject matter described herein. For example, network node  160  may include user interface equipment to allow input of information into network node  160  and to allow output of information from network node  160 . This may allow a user to perform diagnostic, maintenance, repair, and other administrative functions for network node  160 . 
     As used herein, wireless device refers to a device capable, configured, arranged and/or operable to communicate wirelessly with network nodes and/or other wireless devices. Unless otherwise noted, the term wireless device may be used interchangeably herein with user equipment (UE). Communicating wirelessly may involve transmitting and/or receiving wireless signals using electromagnetic waves, radio waves, infrared waves, and/or other types of signals suitable for conveying information through air. In some embodiments, a wireless device may be configured to transmit and/or receive information without direct human interaction. For instance, a wireless device may be designed to transmit information to a network on a predetermined schedule, when triggered by an internal or external event, or in response to requests from the network. Examples of a wireless device include, but are not limited to, a smart phone, a mobile phone, a cell phone, a voice over IP (VoIP) phone, a wireless local loop phone, a desktop computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless cameras, a gaming console or device, a music storage device, a playback appliance, a wearable terminal device, a wireless endpoint, a mobile station, a tablet, a laptop, a laptop-embedded equipment (LEE), a laptop-mounted equipment (LME), a smart device, a wireless customer-premise equipment (CPE). a vehicle-mounted wireless terminal device, etc. A wireless device may support device-to-device (D2D) communication, for example by implementing a 3GPP standard for sidelink communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and may in this case be referred to as a D2D communication device. As yet another specific example, in an Internet of Things (IoT) scenario, a wireless device may represent a machine or other device that performs monitoring and/or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring and/or measurements to another wireless device and/or a network node. The wireless device may in this case be a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, which may in a 3GPP context be referred to as an MTC device. As one particular example, the wireless device may be a UE implementing the 3GPP narrow band internet of things (NB-IoT) standard. Particular examples of such machines or devices are sensors, metering devices such as power meters, industrial machinery, or home or personal appliances (e.g. refrigerators, televisions, etc.) personal wearables (e.g., watches, fitness trackers, etc.). In other scenarios, a wireless device may represent a vehicle or other equipment that is capable of monitoring and/or reporting on its operational status or other functions associated with its operation. A wireless device as described above may represent the endpoint of a wireless connection, in which case the device may be referred to as a wireless terminal. Furthermore, a wireless device as described above may be mobile, in which case it may also be referred to as a mobile device or a mobile terminal. 
     As illustrated, wireless device  110  includes antenna  111 , interface  114 , processing circuitry  120 , device readable medium  130 , user interface equipment  132 , auxiliary equipment  134 , power source  136  and power circuitry  137 . wireless device  110  may include multiple sets of one or more of the illustrated components for different wireless technologies supported by wireless device  110 , such as, for example, GSM, WCDMA, LTE, NR, WiFi, WiMAX, or Bluetooth wireless technologies, just to mention a few. These wireless technologies may be integrated into the same or different chips or set of chips as other components within wireless device  110 . 
     Antenna  111  may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays, configured to send and/or receive wireless signals, and is connected to interface  114 . In certain alternative embodiments, antenna  111  may be separate from wireless device  110  and be connectable to wireless device  110  through an interface or port. Antenna  111 , interface  114 , and/or processing circuitry  120  may be configured to perform any receiving or transmitting operations described herein as being performed by a wireless device. Any information, data and/or signals may be received from a network node and/or another wireless device. In some embodiments, radio front end circuitry and/or antenna  111  may be considered an interface. 
     As illustrated, interface  114  comprises radio front end circuitry  112  and antenna  111 . Radio front end circuitry  112  comprise one or more filters  118  and amplifiers  116 . Radio front end circuitry  114  is connected to antenna  111  and processing circuitry  120 , and is configured to condition signals communicated between antenna  111  and processing circuitry  120 . Radio front end circuitry  112  may be coupled to or a part of antenna  111 . In some embodiments, wireless device  110  may not include separate radio front end circuitry  112 ; rather, processing circuitry  120  may comprise radio front end circuitry and may be connected to antenna  111 . Similarly, in some embodiments, some or all of RF transceiver circuitry  122  may be considered a part of interface  114 . Radio front end circuitry  112  may receive digital data that is to be sent out to other network nodes or wireless devices via a wireless connection. Radio front end circuitry  112  may convert the digital data into a radio signal having the appropriate channel and bandwidth parameters using a combination of filters  118  and/or amplifiers  116 . The radio signal may then be transmitted via antenna  111 . Similarly, when receiving data, antenna  111  may collect radio signals which are then converted into digital data by radio front end circuitry  112 . The digital data may be passed to processing circuitry  120 . In other embodiments, the interface may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components. 
     Processing circuitry  120  may comprise a combination of one or more of a microprocessor, controller, microcontroller, central processing unit, digital signal processor, application-specific integrated circuit, field programmable gate array, or any other suitable computing device, resource, or combination of hardware, software, and/or encoded logic operable to provide, either alone or in conjunction with other wireless device  110  components, such as device readable medium  130 , wireless device  110  functionality. Such functionality may include providing any of the various wireless features or benefits discussed herein. For example, processing circuitry  120  may execute instructions stored in device readable medium  130  or in memory within processing circuitry  120  to provide the functionality disclosed herein. 
     As illustrated, processing circuitry  120  includes one or more of RF transceiver circuitry  122 , baseband processing circuitry  124 , and application processing circuitry  126 . In other embodiments, the processing circuitry may comprise different components and/or different combinations of components. In certain embodiments processing circuitry  120  of wireless device  110  may comprise a SOC. In some embodiments, RF transceiver circuitry  122 , baseband processing circuitry  124 , and application processing circuitry  126  may be on separate chips or sets of chips. In alternative embodiments, part or all of baseband processing circuitry  124  and application processing circuitry  126  may be combined into one chip or set of chips, and RF transceiver circuitry  122  may be on a separate chip or set of chips. In still alternative embodiments, part or all of RF transceiver circuitry  122  and baseband processing circuitry  124  may be on the same chip or set of chips, and application processing circuitry  126  may be on a separate chip or set of chips. In yet other alternative embodiments, part or all of RF transceiver circuitry  122 , baseband processing circuitry  124 , and application processing circuitry  126  may be combined in the same chip or set of chips. In some embodiments, RF transceiver circuitry  122  may be a part of interface  114 . RF transceiver circuitry  122  may condition RF signals for processing circuitry  120 . 
     In certain embodiments, some or all of the functionality described herein as being performed by a wireless device may be provided by processing circuitry  120  executing instructions stored on device readable medium  130 , which in certain embodiments may be a computer-readable storage medium. In alternative embodiments, some or all of the functionality may be provided by processing circuitry  120  without executing instructions stored on a separate or discrete device readable storage medium, such as in a hard-wired manner. In any of those particular embodiments, whether executing instructions stored on a device readable storage medium or not, processing circuitry  120  can be configured to perform the described functionality. The benefits provided by such functionality are not limited to processing circuitry  120  alone or to other components of wireless device  110 , but are enjoyed by wireless device  110  as a whole, and/or by end users and the wireless network generally. 
     Processing circuitry  120  may be configured to perform any determining, calculating, or similar operations (e.g., certain obtaining operations) described herein as being performed by a wireless device. These operations, as performed by processing circuitry  120 , may include processing information obtained by processing circuitry  120  by, for example, converting the obtained information into other information, comparing the obtained information or converted information to information stored by wireless device  110 , and/or performing one or more operations based on the obtained information or converted information, and as a result of said processing making a determination. 
     Device readable medium  130  may be operable to store a computer program, software, an application including one or more of logic, rules, code, tables, etc. and/or other instructions capable of being executed by processing circuitry  120 . Device readable medium  130  may include computer memory (e.g., Random Access Memory (RAM) or Read Only Memory (ROM)), mass storage media (e.g., a hard disk), removable storage media (e.g., a Compact Disk (CD) or a Digital Video Disk (DVD)), and/or any other volatile or non-volatile, non-transitory device readable and/or computer executable memory devices that store information, data, and/or instructions that may be used by processing circuitry  120 . In some embodiments, processing circuitry  120  and device readable medium  130  may be considered to be integrated. 
     User interface equipment  132  may provide components that allow for a human user to interact with wireless device  110 . Such interaction may be of many forms, such as visual, audial, tactile, etc. User interface equipment  132  may be operable to produce output to the user and to allow the user to provide input to wireless device  110 . The type of interaction may vary depending on the type of user interface equipment  132  installed in wireless device  110 . For example, if wireless device  110  is a smart phone, the interaction may be via a touch screen; if wireless device  110  is a smart meter, the interaction may be through a screen that provides usage (e.g., the number of gallons used) or a speaker that provides an audible alert (e.g., if smoke is detected). User interface equipment  132  may include input interfaces, devices and circuits, and output interfaces, devices and circuits. User interface equipment  132  is configured to allow input of information into wireless device  110 , and is connected to processing circuitry  120  to allow processing circuitry  120  to process the input information. User interface equipment  132  may include, for example, a microphone, a proximity or other sensor, keys/buttons, a touch display, one or more cameras, a USB port, or other input circuitry. User interface equipment  132  is also configured to allow output of information from wireless device  110 , and to allow processing circuitry  120  to output information from wireless device  110 . User interface equipment  132  may include, for example, a speaker, a display, vibrating circuitry, a USB port, a headphone interface, or other output circuitry. Using one or more input and output interfaces, devices, and circuits, of user interface equipment  132 , wireless device  110  may communicate with end users and/or the wireless network, and allow them to benefit from the functionality described herein. 
     Auxiliary equipment  134  is operable to provide more specific functionality which may not be generally performed by wireless devices. This may comprise specialized sensors for doing measurements for various purposes, interfaces for additional types of communication such as wired communications etc. The inclusion and type of components of auxiliary equipment  134  may vary depending on the embodiment and/or scenario. 
     Power source  136  may, in some embodiments, be in the form of a battery or battery pack. Other types of power sources, such as an external power source (e.g., an electricity outlet), photovoltaic devices or power cells, may also be used. wireless device  110  may further comprise power circuitry  137  for delivering power from power source  136  to the various parts of wireless device  110  which need power from power source  136  to carry out any functionality described or indicated herein. Power circuitry  137  may in certain embodiments comprise power management circuitry. Power circuitry  137  may additionally or alternatively be operable to receive power from an external power source; in which case wireless device  110  may be connectable to the external power source (such as an electricity outlet) via input circuitry or an interface such as an electrical power cable. Power circuitry  137  may also in certain embodiments be operable to deliver power from an external power source to power source  136 . This may be, for example, for the charging of power source  136 . Power circuitry  137  may perform any formatting, converting, or other modification to the power from power source  136  to make the power suitable for the respective components of wireless device  110  to which power is supplied. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates one embodiment of a UE in accordance with various aspects described herein. As used herein, a user equipment or UE may not necessarily have a user in the sense of a human user who owns and/or operates the relevant device. Instead, a UE may represent a device that is intended for sale to, or operation by, a human user but which may not, or which may not initially, be associated with a specific human user (e.g., a smart sprinkler controller). Alternatively, a UE may represent a device that is not intended for sale to, or operation by, an end user but which may be associated with or operated for the benefit of a user (e.g., a smart power meter). UE  200  may be any UE identified by the 3 rd  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), including a NB-IoT UE, a machine type communication (MTC) UE, and/or an enhanced MTC (eMTC) UE. UE  200 , as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , is one example of a wireless device configured for communication in accordance with one or more communication standards promulgated by the 3 rd  Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 3GPP&#39;s GSM, UMTS, LTE, and/or 5G standards. As mentioned previously, the term wireless device and UE may be used interchangeable. Accordingly, although  FIG. 2  is a UE, the components discussed herein are equally applicable to a wireless device, and vice-versa. 
     In  FIG. 2 , UE  200  includes processing circuitry  201  that is operatively coupled to input/output interface  205 , radio frequency (RF) interface  209 , network connection interface  211 , memory  215  including random access memory (RAM)  217 , read-only memory (ROM)  219 , and storage medium  221  or the like, communication subsystem  231 , power source  233 , and/or any other component, or any combination thereof. Storage medium  221  includes operating system  223 , application program  225 , and data  227 . In other embodiments, storage medium  221  may include other similar types of information. Certain UEs may utilize all of the components shown in  FIG. 2 , or only a subset of the components. The level of integration between the components may vary from one UE to another UE. Further, certain UEs may contain multiple instances of a component, such as multiple processors, memories, transceivers, transmitters, receivers, etc. 
     In  FIG. 2 , processing circuitry  201  may be configured to process computer instructions and data. Processing circuitry  201  may be configured to implement any sequential state machine operative to execute machine instructions stored as machine-readable computer programs in the memory, such as one or more hardware-implemented state machines (e.g., in discrete logic, FPGA, ASIC, etc.); programmable logic together with appropriate firmware; one or more stored program, general-purpose processors, such as a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP), together with appropriate software; or any combination of the above. For example, the processing circuitry  201  may include two central processing units (CPUs). Data may be information in a form suitable for use by a computer. 
     In the depicted embodiment, input/output interface  205  may be configured to provide a communication interface to an input device, output device, or input and output device. UE  200  may be configured to use an output device via input/output interface  205 . An output device may use the same type of interface port as an input device. For example, a USB port may be used to provide input to and output from UE  200 . The output device may be a speaker, a sound card, a video card, a display, a monitor, a printer, an actuator, an emitter, a smartcard, another output device, or any combination thereof. UE  200  may be configured to use an input device via input/output interface  205  to allow a user to capture information into UE  200 . The input device may include a touch-sensitive or presence-sensitive display, a camera (e.g., a digital camera, a digital video camera, a web camera, etc.), a microphone, a sensor, a mouse, a trackball, a directional pad, a trackpad, a scroll wheel, a smartcard, and the like. The presence-sensitive display may include a capacitive or resistive touch sensor to sense input from a user. A sensor may be, for instance, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, a tilt sensor, a force sensor, a magnetometer, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor, another like sensor, or any combination thereof. For example, the input device may be an accelerometer, a magnetometer, a digital camera, a microphone, and an optical sensor. 
     In  FIG. 2 , RF interface  209  may be configured to provide a communication interface to RF components such as a transmitter, a receiver, and an antenna. Network connection interface  211  may be configured to provide a communication interface to network  243   a . Network  243   a  may encompass wired and/or wireless networks such as a local-area network (LAN), a wide-area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another like network or any combination thereof. For example, network  243   a  may comprise a Wi-Fi network. Network connection interface  211  may be configured to include a receiver and a transmitter interface used to communicate with one or more other devices over a communication network according to one or more communication protocols, such as Ethernet, TCP/IP, SONET, ATM, or the like. Network connection interface  211  may implement receiver and transmitter functionality appropriate to the communication network links (e.g., optical, electrical, and the like). The transmitter and receiver functions may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively may be implemented separately. 
     RAM  217  may be configured to interface via bus  202  to processing circuitry  201  to provide storage or caching of data or computer instructions during the execution of software programs such as the operating system, application programs, and device drivers. ROM  219  may be configured to provide computer instructions or data to processing circuitry  201 . For example, ROM  219  may be configured to store invariant low-level system code or data for basic system functions such as basic input and output (I/O), startup, or reception of keystrokes from a keyboard that are stored in a non-volatile memory. Storage medium  221  may be configured to include memory such as RAM, ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), magnetic disks, optical disks, floppy disks, hard disks, removable cartridges, or flash drives. In one example, storage medium  221  may be configured to include operating system  223 , application program  225  such as a web browser application, a widget or gadget engine or another application, and data file  227 . Storage medium  221  may store, for use by UE  200 , any of a variety of various operating systems or combinations of operating systems. 
     Storage medium  221  may be configured to include a number of physical drive units, such as redundant array of independent disks (RAID), floppy disk drive, flash memory, USB flash drive, external hard disk drive, thumb drive, pen drive, key drive, high-density digital versatile disc (HD-DVD) optical disc drive, internal hard disk drive, Blu-Ray optical disc drive, holographic digital data storage (HDDS) optical disc drive, external mini-dual in-line memory module (DIMM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), external micro-DIMM SDRAM, smartcard memory such as a subscriber identity module or a removable user identity (SIM/RUIM) module, other memory, or any combination thereof. Storage medium  221  may allow UE  200  to access computer-executable instructions, application programs or the like, stored on transitory or non-transitory memory media, to off-load data, or to upload data. An article of manufacture, such as one utilizing a communication system may be tangibly embodied in storage medium  221 , which may comprise a device readable medium. 
     In  FIG. 2 , processing circuitry  201  may be configured to communicate with network  243   b  using communication subsystem  231 . Network  243   a  and network  243   b  may be the same network or networks or different network or networks. Communication subsystem  231  may be configured to include one or more transceivers used to communicate with network  243   b . For example, communication subsystem  231  may be configured to include one or more transceivers used to communicate with one or more remote transceivers of another device capable of wireless communication such as another wireless device, UE, or base station of a radio access network (RAN) according to one or more communication protocols, such as IEEE 802.2, CDMA, WCDMA, GSM, LTE, UTRAN, WiMax, or the like. Each transceiver may include transmitter  233  and/or receiver  235  to implement transmitter or receiver functionality, respectively, appropriate to the RAN links (e.g., frequency allocations and the like). Further, transmitter  233  and receiver  235  of each transceiver may share circuit components, software or firmware, or alternatively may be implemented separately. 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the communication functions of communication subsystem  231  may include data communication, voice communication, multimedia communication, short-range communications such as Bluetooth, near-field communication, location-based communication such as the use of the global positioning system (GPS) to determine a location, another like communication function, or any combination thereof. For example, communication subsystem  231  may include cellular communication, Wi-Fi communication, Bluetooth communication, and GPS communication. Network  243   b  may encompass wired and/or wireless networks such as a local-area network (LAN), a wide-area network (WAN), a computer network, a wireless network, a telecommunications network, another like network or any combination thereof. For example, network  243   b  may be a cellular network, a Wi-Fi network, and/or a near-field network. Power source  213  may be configured to provide alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC) power to components of UE  200 . 
     The features, benefits and/or functions described herein may be implemented in one of the components of UE  200  or partitioned across multiple components of UE  200 . Further, the features, benefits, and/or functions described herein may be implemented in any combination of hardware, software or firmware. In one example, communication subsystem  231  may be configured to include any of the components described herein. Further, processing circuitry  201  may be configured to communicate with any of such components over bus  202 . In another example, any of such components may be represented by program instructions stored in memory that when executed by processing circuitry  201  perform the corresponding functions described herein. In another example, the functionality of any of such components may be partitioned between processing circuitry  201  and communication subsystem  231 . In another example, the non-computationally intensive functions of any of such components may be implemented in software or firmware and the computationally intensive functions may be implemented in hardware. 
       FIG. 3  is a schematic block diagram illustrating a virtualization environment  300  in which functions implemented by some embodiments may be virtualized. In the present context, virtualizing means creating virtual versions of apparatuses or devices which may include virtualizing hardware platforms, storage devices and networking resources. As used herein, virtualization can be applied to a node (e.g., a virtualized base station or a virtualized radio access node) or to a device (e.g., a UE, a wireless device or any other type of communication device) or components thereof and relates to an implementation in which at least a portion of the functionality is implemented as one or more virtual components (e.g., via one or more applications, components, functions, virtual machines or containers executing on one or more physical processing nodes in one or more networks). 
     In some embodiments, some or all of the functions described herein may be implemented as virtual components executed by one or more virtual machines implemented in one or more virtual environments  300  hosted by one or more of hardware nodes  330 . Further, in embodiments in which the virtual node is not a radio access node or does not require radio connectivity (e.g., a core network node), then the network node may be entirely virtualized. 
     The functions may be implemented by one or more applications  320  (which may alternatively be called software instances, virtual appliances, network functions, virtual nodes, virtual network functions, etc.) operative to implement some of the features, functions, and/or benefits of some of the embodiments disclosed herein. Applications  320  are run in virtualization environment  300  which provides hardware  330  comprising processing circuitry  360  and memory  390 . Memory  390  contains instructions  395  executable by processing circuitry  360  whereby application  320  is operative to provide one or more of the features, benefits, and/or functions disclosed herein. 
     Virtualization environment  300 , comprises general-purpose or special-purpose network hardware devices  330  comprising a set of one or more processors or processing circuitry  360 , which may be commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) processors, dedicated Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or any other type of processing circuitry including digital or analog hardware components or special purpose processors. Each hardware device may comprise memory  390 - 1  which may be non-persistent memory for temporarily storing instructions  395  or software executed by processing circuitry  360 . Each hardware device may comprise one or more network interface controllers (NICs)  370 , also known as network interface cards, which include physical network interface  380 . Each hardware device may also include non-transitory, persistent, machine-readable storage media  390 - 2  having stored therein software  395  and/or instructions executable by processing circuitry  360 . Software  395  may include any type of software including software for instantiating one or more virtualization layers  350  (also referred to as hypervisors), software to execute virtual machines  340  as well as software allowing it to execute functions, features and/or benefits described in relation with some embodiments described herein. 
     Virtual machines  340 , comprise virtual processing, virtual memory, virtual networking or interface and virtual storage, and may be run by a corresponding virtualization layer  350  or hypervisor. Different embodiments of the instance of virtual appliance  320  may be implemented on one or more of virtual machines  340 , and the implementations may be made in different ways. 
     During operation, processing circuitry  360  executes software  395  to instantiate the hypervisor or virtualization layer  350 , which may sometimes be referred to as a virtual machine monitor (VMM). Virtualization layer  350  may present a virtual operating platform that appears like networking hardware to virtual machine  340 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , hardware  330  may be a standalone network node with generic or specific components. Hardware  330  may comprise antenna  3225  and may implement some functions via virtualization. Alternatively, hardware  330  may be part of a larger cluster of hardware (e.g. such as in a data center or customer premise equipment (CPE)) where many hardware nodes work together and are managed via management and orchestration (MANO)  3100 , which, among others, oversees lifecycle management of applications  320 . 
     Virtualization of the hardware is in some contexts referred to as network function virtualization (NFV). NFV may be used to consolidate many network equipment types onto industry standard high volume server hardware, physical switches, and physical storage, which can be located in data centers, and customer premise equipment. 
     In the context of NFV, virtual machine  340  may be a software implementation of a physical machine that runs programs as if they were executing on a physical, non-virtualized machine. Each of virtual machines  340 , and that part of hardware  330  that executes that virtual machine, be it hardware dedicated to that virtual machine and/or hardware shared by that virtual machine with others of the virtual machines  340 , forms a separate virtual network elements (VNE). 
     Still in the context of NFV, Virtual Network Function (VNF) is responsible for handling specific network functions that run in one or more virtual machines  340  on top of hardware networking infrastructure  330  and corresponds to application  320  in  FIG. 3 . 
     In some embodiments, one or more radio units  3200  that each include one or more transmitters  3220  and one or more receivers  3210  may be coupled to one or more antennas  3225 . Radio units  3200  may communicate directly with hardware nodes  330  via one or more appropriate network interfaces and may be used in combination with the virtual components to provide a virtual node with radio capabilities, such as a radio access node or a base station. 
     In some embodiments, some signalling can be effected with the use of control system  3230  which may alternatively be used for communication between the hardware nodes  330  and radio units  3200 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 4 , in accordance with an embodiment, a communication system includes telecommunication network  410 , such as a 3GPP-type cellular network, which comprises access network  411 , such as a radio access network, and core network  414 . Access network  411  comprises a plurality of base stations  412   a ,  412   b ,  412   c , such as NBs, eNBs, gNBs or other types of wireless access points, each defining a corresponding coverage area  413   a ,  413   b ,  413   c . Each base station  412   a ,  412   b ,  412   c  is connectable to core network  414  over a wired or wireless connection  415 . A first UE  491  located in coverage area  413   c  is configured to wirelessly connect to, or be paged by, the corresponding base station  412   c . A second UE  492  in coverage area  413   a  is wirelessly connectable to the corresponding base station  412   a . While a plurality of UEs  491 ,  492  are illustrated in this example, the disclosed embodiments are equally applicable to a situation where a sole UE is in the coverage area or where a sole UE is connecting to the corresponding base station  412 . 
     Telecommunication network  410  is itself connected to host computer  430 , which may be embodied in the hardware and/or software of a standalone server, a cloud-implemented server, a distributed server or as processing resources in a server farm. Host computer  430  may be under the ownership or control of a service provider, or may be operated by the service provider or on behalf of the service provider. Connections  421  and  422  between telecommunication network  410  and host computer  430  may extend directly from core network  414  to host computer  430  or may go via an optional intermediate network  420 . Intermediate network  420  may be one of, or a combination of more than one of, a public, private or hosted network; intermediate network  420 , if any, may be a backbone network or the Internet; in particular, intermediate network  420  may comprise two or more sub-networks (not shown). 
     The communication system of  FIG. 4  as a whole enables connectivity between the connected UEs  491 ,  492  and host computer  430 . The connectivity may be described as an over-the-top (OTT) connection  450 . Host computer  430  and the connected UEs  491 ,  492  are configured to communicate data and/or signaling via OTT connection  450 , using access network  411 , core network  414 , any intermediate network  420  and possible further infrastructure (not shown) as intermediaries. OTT connection  450  may be transparent in the sense that the participating communication devices through which OTT connection  450  passes are unaware of routing of uplink and downlink communications. For example, base station  412  may not or need not be informed about the past routing of an incoming downlink communication with data originating from host computer  430  to be forwarded (e.g., handed over) to a connected UE  491 . Similarly, base station  412  need not be aware of the future routing of an outgoing uplink communication originating from the UE  491  towards the host computer  430 . 
     Example implementations, in accordance with an embodiment, of the UE, base station and host computer discussed in the preceding paragraphs will now be described with reference to  FIG. 5 . In communication system  500 , host computer  510  comprises hardware  515  including communication interface  516  configured to set up and maintain a wired or wireless connection with an interface of a different communication device of communication system  500 . Host computer  510  further comprises processing circuitry  518 , which may have storage and/or processing capabilities. In particular, processing circuitry  518  may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. Host computer  510  further comprises software  511 , which is stored in or accessible by host computer  510  and executable by processing circuitry  518 . Software  511  includes host application  512 . Host application  512  may be operable to provide a service to a remote user, such as UE  530  connecting via OTT connection  550  terminating at UE  530  and host computer  510 . In providing the service to the remote user, host application  512  may provide user data which is transmitted using OTT connection  550 . 
     Communication system  500  further includes base station  520  provided in a telecommunication system and comprising hardware  525  enabling it to communicate with host computer  510  and with UE  530 . Hardware  525  may include communication interface  526  for setting up and maintaining a wired or wireless connection with an interface of a different communication device of communication system  500 , as well as radio interface  527  for setting up and maintaining at least wireless connection  570  with UE  530  located in a coverage area (not shown in  FIG. 5 ) served by base station  520 . Communication interface  526  may be configured to facilitate connection  560  to host computer  510 . Connection  560  may be direct or it may pass through a core network (not shown in  FIG. 5 ) of the telecommunication system and/or through one or more intermediate networks outside the telecommunication system. In the embodiment shown, hardware  525  of base station  520  further includes processing circuitry  528 , which may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. Base station  520  further has software  521  stored internally or accessible via an external connection. 
     Communication system  500  further includes UE  530  already referred to. Its hardware  535  may include radio interface  537  configured to set up and maintain wireless connection  570  with a base station serving a coverage area in which UE  530  is currently located. Hardware  535  of UE  530  further includes processing circuitry  538 , which may comprise one or more programmable processors, application-specific integrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays or combinations of these (not shown) adapted to execute instructions. UE  530  further comprises software  531 , which is stored in or accessible by UE  530  and executable by processing circuitry  538 . Software  531  includes client application  532 . Client application  532  may be operable to provide a service to a human or non-human user via UE  530 , with the support of host computer  510 . In host computer  510 , an executing host application  512  may communicate with the executing client application  532  via OTT connection  550  terminating at UE  530  and host computer  510 . In providing the service to the user, client application  532  may receive request data from host application  512  and provide user data in response to the request data. OTT connection  550  may transfer both the request data and the user data. Client application  532  may interact with the user to generate the user data that it provides. 
     It is noted that host computer  510 , base station  520  and UE  530  illustrated in  FIG. 5  may be similar or identical to host computer  430 , one of base stations  412   a ,  412   b ,  412   c  and one of UEs  491 ,  492  of  FIG. 4 , respectively. This is to say, the inner workings of these entities may be as shown in  FIG. 5  and independently, the surrounding network topology may be that of  FIG. 4 . 
     In  FIG. 5 , OTT connection  550  has been drawn abstractly to illustrate the communication between host computer  510  and UE  530  via base station  520 , without explicit reference to any intermediary devices and the precise routing of messages via these devices. Network infrastructure may determine the routing, which it may be configured to hide from UE  530  or from the service provider operating host computer  510 , or both. While OTT connection  550  is active, the network infrastructure may further take decisions by which it dynamically changes the routing (e.g., on the basis of load balancing consideration or reconfiguration of the network). 
     Wireless connection  570  between UE  530  and base station  520  is in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. One or more of the various embodiments improve the performance of OTT services provided to UE  530  using OTT connection  550 , in which wireless connection  570  forms the last segment. More precisely, the teachings of these embodiments may improve the data rate and thereby provide benefits such as reduced user waiting time and better responsiveness. 
     A measurement procedure may be provided for the purpose of monitoring data rate, latency and other factors on which the one or more embodiments improve. There may further be an optional network functionality for reconfiguring OTT connection  550  between host computer  510  and UE  530 , in response to variations in the measurement results. The measurement procedure and/or the network functionality for reconfiguring OTT connection  550  may be implemented in software  511  and hardware  515  of host computer  510  or in software  531  and hardware  535  of UE  530 , or both. In embodiments, sensors (not shown) may be deployed in or in association with communication devices through which OTT connection  550  passes; the sensors may participate in the measurement procedure by supplying values of the monitored quantities exemplified above, or supplying values of other physical quantities from which software  511 ,  531  may compute or estimate the monitored quantities. The reconfiguring of OTT connection  550  may include message format, retransmission settings, preferred routing etc.; the reconfiguring need not affect base station  520 , and it may be unknown or imperceptible to base station  520 . Such procedures and functionalities may be known and practiced in the art. In certain embodiments, measurements may involve proprietary UE signaling facilitating host computer  510 &#39;s measurements of throughput, propagation times, latency and the like. The measurements may be implemented in that software  511  and  531  causes messages to be transmitted, in particular empty or ‘dummy’ messages, using OTT connection  550  while it monitors propagation times, errors etc. 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 . For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to  FIG. 6  will be included in this section. In step  610 , the host computer provides user data. In substep  611  (which may be optional) of step  610 , the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step  620 , the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE. In step  630  (which may be optional), the base station transmits to the UE the user data which was carried in the transmission that the host computer initiated, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. In step  640  (which may also be optional), the UE executes a client application associated with the host application executed by the host computer. 
       FIG. 7  is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 . For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to  FIG. 7  will be included in this section. In step  710  of the method, the host computer provides user data. In an optional substep (not shown) the host computer provides the user data by executing a host application. In step  720 , the host computer initiates a transmission carrying the user data to the UE. The transmission may pass via the base station, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. In step  730  (which may be optional), the UE receives the user data carried in the transmission. 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 . For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to  FIG. 8  will be included in this section. In step  810  (which may be optional), the UE receives input data provided by the host computer. Additionally or alternatively, in step  820 , the UE provides user data. In substep  821  (which may be optional) of step  820 , the UE provides the user data by executing a client application. In substep  811  (which may be optional) of step  810 , the UE executes a client application which provides the user data in reaction to the received input data provided by the host computer. In providing the user data, the executed client application may further consider user input received from the user. Regardless of the specific manner in which the user data was provided, the UE initiates, in substep  830  (which may be optional), transmission of the user data to the host computer. In step  840  of the method, the host computer receives the user data transmitted from the UE, in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure. 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart illustrating a method implemented in a communication system, in accordance with one embodiment. The communication system includes a host computer, a base station and a UE which may be those described with reference to  FIGS. 4 and 5 . For simplicity of the present disclosure, only drawing references to  FIG. 9  will be included in this section. In step  910  (which may be optional), in accordance with the teachings of the embodiments described throughout this disclosure, the base station receives user data from the UE. In step  920  (which may be optional), the base station initiates transmission of the received user data to the host computer. In step  930  (which may be optional), the host computer receives the user data carried in the transmission initiated by the base station. 
     Any appropriate steps, methods, features, functions, or benefits disclosed herein may be performed through one or more functional units or modules of one or more virtual apparatuses. Each virtual apparatus may comprise a number of these functional units. These functional units may be implemented via processing circuitry, which may include one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include digital signal processors (DSPs), special-purpose digital logic, and the like. The processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or several types of memory such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc. Program code stored in memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and/or data communications protocols as well as instructions for carrying out one or more of the techniques described herein. In some implementations, the processing circuitry may be used to cause the respective functional unit to perform corresponding functions according one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 10  depicts a method that be performed by wireless device, such as wireless device  110  or  200 . In accordance with particular embodiments, the method begins at step  1002  with determining to use one or more tables selected from a plurality of tables. At least one of the tables comprises an MCS table selected from a plurality of MCS tables or a CQI table selected from a plurality of CQI tables. The one or more tables are selected based on at least one of a bit field DCI, DCI type, and/or configured target BLER. The method continues to step  1004  with performing one or more operations of the wireless device according to the selected one or more tables. In some embodiments, examples of such operations may include polled CQI operations and/or eNB/gNB scheduling. 
       FIG. 11  depicts a method that may be performed by a network node, such as network node  160 . In accordance with particular embodiments, the method begins at step  1112  with receiving, from a wireless device, an indication of capabilities of the wireless device. The indicated capabilities comprise target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. The method proceeds to step  1114  with sending the wireless device information for selecting one or more tables from a plurality of tables. At least one of the tables comprises an MCS table selected from a plurality of MCS tables or a CQI table selected from a plurality of CQI tables. The information sent to the wireless device for selecting the one or more tables is based on the received capabilities and comprises a bit field in DCI, a DCI type, and/or a configuration associated with a target BLER. In other embodiments, step  1112  may be optional. For example, rather than having to receive the wireless device capabilities from the wireless device, the network node may determine the wireless device capabilities based on stored information or based on a pre-defined rule (such as rule that assumes the wireless device supports all of the capabilities defined for the system, e.g., unless indicated otherwise by the wireless device). 
       FIG. 12  illustrates a schematic block diagram of an apparatus  1200  in a wireless network (for example, the wireless network shown in  FIG. 1 ). The apparatus may be implemented in a wireless device or network node (e.g., wireless device  110  or network node  160  shown in  FIG. 1 ). Apparatus  1200  is operable to carry out the example method described with reference to  FIG. 10, 11, 13   a ,  13   b , or  14 , and possibly any other processes or methods disclosed herein. It is also to be understood that each of the methods described in  FIGS. 10, 11, 13   a ,  13   b , and  14  is not necessarily carried out solely by apparatus  1200 . At least some operations of the method can be performed by one or more other entities. 
     Virtual Apparatus  1200  may comprise processing circuitry, which may include one or more microprocessor or microcontrollers, as well as other digital hardware, which may include digital signal processors (DSPs), special-purpose digital logic, and the like. The processing circuitry may be configured to execute program code stored in memory, which may include one or several types of memory such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory, cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc. Program code stored in memory includes program instructions for executing one or more telecommunications and/or data communications protocols as well as instructions for carrying out one or more of the techniques described herein, in several embodiments. In some implementations, the processing circuitry may be used to cause Target BLER Configuration Unit  1202 , Table Selection Unit  1204 , Table Configuration Unit  1206 , and any other suitable units of apparatus  1200  to perform corresponding functions according one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12 , apparatus  1200  includes Target BLER Configuration Unit  1202 , Table Selection Unit  1204 , and Table Configuration Unit  1206 . In certain embodiments, Target BLER Configuration Unit  1202  is operable to configure a target BLER for the wireless device. As an example, in certain embodiments, the Target BLER Configuration Unit  1202  enables a mode of operation that corresponds to a target BLER selected from BLER0, BLER1, and BLER2. Table Selection Unit  1204  selects a QCI table and/or MCS table from a plurality of QCI/MCS tables. In certain embodiments, the selection may be based at least in part on the target BLER configured by Target BLER Configuration Unit  1202 . Table Configuration Unit  1206  facilitates configuring the wireless device to perform operations according to the table selected by Table Selection Unit  1204 . For example, in certain embodiments operating in a wireless device, Table Configuration Unit  1206  applies the table selected by Table Selection Unit  1204 . As another example, in certain embodiments operating in a network node, Table Configuration Unit  1206  generates information to send to the wireless device (such as a DCI field or DCI type) that causes the wireless device to apply the table selected by Table Selection Unit  1204 . 
     The term unit may have conventional meaning in the field of electronics, electrical devices and/or electronic devices and may include, for example, electrical and/or electronic circuitry, devices, modules, processors, memories, logic solid state and/or discrete devices, computer programs or instructions for carrying out respective tasks, procedures, computations, outputs, and/or displaying functions, and so on, as such as those that are described herein. 
     In some embodiments a computer program, computer program product or computer readable storage medium comprises instructions which when executed on a computer perform any of the embodiments disclosed herein. In further examples the instructions are carried on a signal or carrier and which are executable on a computer wherein when executed perform any of the embodiments disclosed herein. 
       FIGS. 13 a  and 13 b    each illustrate an example of a method that may be performed by a wireless device, such as wireless device  110  described above, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the method may begin at step  10  with sending an indication to the network (e.g., via network node  160 ) that indicates capabilities of the wireless device. Examples of wireless device capabilities that may be sent in step  10  include target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. The capabilities may be indicated implicitly, for example, based on service capabilities, or may be indicated explicitly. 
     At step  12 , the method receives an indication corresponding to a communication service. As an example, the indication may be received from a network node, e.g., via RRC or DCI signalling, and may enable the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables. As described with respect to  FIG. 14 , in certain embodiments, the indication may be prepared by the network node based at least in part on the indication of wireless device capabilities that the wireless device sent to the network in step  10 . 
     In certain embodiments, the indication received in step  12  corresponds to a communication service with a high reliability requirement and/or a low latency requirement. In certain embodiments, the received indication comprises a configured mode, such as a mode having a low target BLER, a mode having a high reliability requirement, and/or a mode having a low latency requirement. The wireless device may use the indication of the mode to identify an MCS and/or CQI table. 
     At step  14 , the method identifies an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables based on the indication received at step  12 . The MCS and/or CQI table may be identified according to any of the examples set forth in this disclosure, such as the examples described in the summary section, the examples described in the Group A embodiments, etc. 
     In certain embodiments, the method proceeds to step  16  with selecting information from the identified table(s).  FIG. 13 a    illustrates an example in which at least one of the tables identified in step  14  includes an MCS table, and the method selects a modulation and coding scheme from the identified MCS table at step  16   a .  FIG. 13 b    illustrates an example in which at least one of the tables identified in step  14  includes a CQI table, and the method selects a channel quality indication from the identified CQI table at step  16   b.    
     At step  18 , the method may use the identified MCS and/or CQI table during the communication service. For example, the method may use the MCS selected in step  16   a  or the CQI identified in step  16   b  when performing operations associated with the communication service. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates an example of a method that may be performed by a network node, such as network node  160  describe above, in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the method may begin at step  20  with receiving information from a wireless device. The information indicates capabilities of the wireless device. Examples of such capabilities include target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device. The wireless device may indicate the capabilities implicitly, for example, based on service capabilities, or explicitly. 
     At step  22 , the method determines a communication service associated to the wireless device. As further described below, the network node may then enable the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table such that the wireless device can use information obtained from the identified table when performing operations associated with the communication session. 
     At step  24 , in some embodiments, the method determines one or more capabilities of the wireless device. In some embodiments, the capabilities may be determined at least in part based on the information received in step  20 . As an example, in some embodiments, information indicating service capabilities of the wireless device may be received in step  20 , and that information may be used to determine the target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device at step  24 . As another example, in some embodiments, the information received in step  20  may explicitly include target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities and the method may determine to consider one or more of these capabilities when preparing the indication described below with respect to step  26 . In addition, or in the alternative, in some embodiments, capabilities of the wireless device may be determined at least in part from information stored by the network node or obtained from another network node. 
     In certain embodiments, the method further comprises preparing an indication corresponding to the communication service at step  26 . The indication enables the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables. In some embodiments, the indication may be prepared based on the one or more capabilities determined for the wireless device at step  24 . 
     At step  28 , the method sends the wireless device the indication corresponding to the communication service (e.g., the indication prepared in step  26 ). The indication enables the wireless device to identify an MCS and/or CQI table from a plurality of defined MCS and/or CQI tables. As further described above and in the Group B embodiments, in certain embodiments, the indication may be sent in RRC signalling or DCI signalling. 
     EXAMPLES 
     Group A Examples 
     
         
         
           
             Group A, Example A. A method performed by a wireless device, the method comprising:
           determining to use one or more tables selected from a plurality of tables, wherein at least one of the tables comprises a Modulation Coding Scheme (MCS) table selected from a plurality of MCS tables or a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) table selected from a plurality of CQI tables, the one or more tables selected based on at least one of: a bit field in Downlink Control Information (DCI), DCI type, and/or configured target Block Error Rate (BLER); and   performing one or more operations of the wireless device according to the selected one or more tables.   
         
             Group A, Example B. The method of the previous example further comprising:
           sending an indication to the network that indicates capabilities of the wireless device, the indicated capabilities comprising target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device.   
         
             Group A, Example C. The method of the previous example, wherein the capabilities are indicated implicitly based on service capabilities. 
             Group A, Example D. The method of Group A, Example B, wherein the capabilities are indicated using explicit signaling to the network. 
             Group A, Example E. The method of any of Group A, Examples B-D, wherein the sending of the capabilities is performed in response to determining that the wireless device does not support all possible target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities defined in the system. 
             Group A, Example F. The method of any of the previous examples, further comprising configuring the wireless device with one of a plurality of target BLERs and selecting the table that corresponds to the configured target BLER. 
             Group A, Example G. The method of Group A, Example F, further comprising determining which one of the plurality of target BLERs to configure based on Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling from the network. 
             Group A, Example H. The method of Group A, Example F, further comprising determining which one of the plurality of target BLERs to configure based on one or more of: maximum allowed number of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmissions, sub-carrier spacing (numerology), transmission time interval, mini-slot duration, and/or Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities. 
             Group A, Example I. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein determining the one or more tables further comprises configuring a first CQI table corresponding to a first target BLER, a second CQI table corresponding to a second target BLER, a first MCS table corresponding to the first target BLER, and a second MCS table corresponding to the second target BLER when the wireless device is configured according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER. 
             Group A, Example J. The method of any of Group A, Examples A-H, wherein determining the one or more tables further comprises configuring only one CQI table when the wireless device is configured according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER. 
             Group A, Example K. The method of Group A, Example J, wherein the wireless device uses only the one CQI table when configured for periodic CSI operation. 
             Group A, Example L. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the determining of which of the plurality of CQI tables to use is based on a bit field in DCI indicating which CQI table to use in polled CQI operation, and wherein the determining of which of the plurality of MCS tables to use is based on the same bit field in DCI indicating which CQI table to use in polled CQI operation. 
             Group A, Example M. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the determining of which of the plurality of CQI tables to use is based on a first bit field in DCI indicating which CQI table to use in polled CQI operation, and wherein the determining of which of the plurality of MCS tables to use is based a second bit field in DCI indicating which MCS table to use for network node scheduling. 
             Group A, Example N. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the CQI table corresponds to a first target BLER and the MCS table corresponds to a second target BLER. 
             Group A, Example O. The method of any of the previous examples, further comprising determining which one of a plurality of target BLERs to use based on DCI format (e.g., fallback DCI or compact DCI) and using MCS and CQI tables corresponding to the target BLER. 
             Group A, Example P. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the wireless device is configured with a first BLER target associated with a first DCI format and a second BLER target associated with a second DCI format and wherein:
           when receiving the first DCI format, the wireless device uses tables corresponding to the first BLER target; and   when receiving the second DCI format, the wireless device uses tables corresponding to the second BLER target.   
         
             Group A, Example Q. The method of any of the previous examples, further comprising:
           providing user data; and   forwarding the user data to a host computer via the transmission to the base station.   
         
           
         
       
    
     Group B Examples 
     
         
         
           
             Group B, Example A. A method performed by a base station, the method comprising:
           receiving, from a wireless device, an indication of capabilities of the wireless device, the indicated capabilities comprising target BLER capabilities, MCS table capabilities, and/or CQI table capabilities of the wireless device;   based on the received capabilities, sending the wireless device information for selecting one or more tables from a plurality of tables, wherein at least one of the tables comprises an MCS table selected from a plurality of MCS tables or a CQI table selected from a plurality of CQI tables, wherein the information sent to the wireless device for selecting the one or more tables comprises a bit field in DCI, a DCI type, and/or a configuration associated with a target BLER.   
         
             Group B, Example B. The method of the previous example, wherein the capabilities are received via an implicit indication based on service capabilities. 
             Group B, Example C. The method of Group B, Example A, wherein the capabilities are received via explicit signaling from the wireless device. 
             Group B, Example D. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the information for selecting the one or more tables includes a target BLER configuration based on which the wireless device is to use a table that corresponds to the target BLER. 
             Group B, Example E. The method of Group B, Example D, wherein the target BLER is configured via Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling sent to the wireless device. 
             Group B, Example F. The method of Group B, Example D, wherein the target BLER is configured based on configuring one or more of: maximum allowed number of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) transmissions, sub-carrier spacing (numerology), transmission time interval, mini-slot duration, and/or Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) capabilities. 
             Group B, Example G. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the information sent to the wireless device configures the wireless device according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER, thereby causing the wireless device to configure a first CQI table corresponding to a first target BLER, a second CQI table corresponding to a second target BLER, a first MCS table corresponding to the first target BLER, and a second MCS table corresponding to the second target BLER. 
             Group B, Example H. The method of any of examples Group B, Examples A-F, wherein the information sent to the wireless device configures the wireless device according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER, thereby causing the wireless device to configure only one CQI table. 
             Group B, Example I. The method of example Group B, Examples A-F, wherein the information sent to the wireless device configures the wireless device according to a pre-defined mode having a low target BLER, thereby causing the wireless device to configure only one CQI table when configured for periodic CSI operation. 
             Group B, Example J. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein sending the wireless device information for selecting the one or more tables comprises sending a bit field in DCI indicating which CQI table to use in polled CQI operation, the same bit field in DCI configured to cause the wireless device to determine which of the plurality of MCS tables to use. 
             Group B, Example K. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein sending the wireless device information for selecting the one or more tables comprises sending a first bit field in DCI indicating which CQI table to use in polled CQI operation and a second bit field in DCI indicating which MCS table to use for network node scheduling. 
             Group B, Example L. The method of any of the previous examples, wherein the CQI table corresponds to a first target BLER and the MCS table corresponds to a second target BLER. 
             Group B, Example M. The method of any of the previous examples, further comprising configuring a DCI format (e.g., fallback DCI or compact DCI) that causes the wireless device to configure a target BLER selected from a plurality of target BLERs and to use MCS and CQI tables corresponding to the configured target BLER. 
             Group B, Example N. The method of any of the previous examples, further comprising:
           obtaining user data; and   forwarding the user data to a host computer or a wireless device.   
         
           
         
       
    
     Group C Examples 
     
         
         
           
             Group C, Example A. A wireless device, the wireless device comprising:
           processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A examples; and   power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the wireless device.   
         
             Group C, Example B. A base station, the base station comprising:
           processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group B examples;   power supply circuitry configured to supply power to the wireless device.   
         
             Group C, Example C. A user equipment (UE), the UE comprising:
           an antenna configured to send and receive wireless signals;   radio front-end circuitry connected to the antenna and to processing circuitry, and configured to condition signals communicated between the antenna and the processing circuitry;   the processing circuitry being configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A examples;   an input interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to allow input of information into the UE to be processed by the processing circuitry;   an output interface connected to the processing circuitry and configured to output information from the UE that has been processed by the processing circuitry; and   a battery connected to the processing circuitry and configured to supply power to the UE.   
         
             Group C, Example D. A communication system including a host computer comprising:
           processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and   a communication interface configured to forward the user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE),   wherein the cellular network comprises a base station having a radio interface and processing circuitry, the base station&#39;s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group B examples.   
         
             Group C, Example E. The communication system of the pervious example further including the base station. 
             Group C, Example F. The communication system of the previous 2 examples, further including the UE, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with the base station. 
             Group C, Example G. The communication system of the previous 3 examples, wherein:
           the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing the user data; and   the UE comprises processing circuitry configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.   
         
             Group C, Example H. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
           at the host computer, providing user data; and   at the host computer, initiating a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network comprising the base station, wherein the base station performs any of the steps of any of the Group B examples.   
         
             Group C, Example I. The method of the previous example, further comprising, at the base station, transmitting the user data. 
             Group C, Example J. The method of the previous 2 examples, wherein the user data is provided at the host computer by executing a host application, the method further comprising, at the UE, executing a client application associated with the host application. 
             Group C, Example K. A user equipment (UE) configured to communicate with a base station, the UE comprising a radio interface and processing circuitry configured to performs the of the previous 3 examples. 
             Group C, Example L. A communication system including a host computer comprising:
           processing circuitry configured to provide user data; and   a communication interface configured to forward user data to a cellular network for transmission to a user equipment (UE),   wherein the UE comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the UE&#39;s components configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A examples.   
         
             Group C, Example M. The communication system of the previous example, wherein the cellular network further includes a base station configured to communicate with the UE. 
             Group C, Example N. The communication system of the previous 2 examples, wherein:
           the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing the user data; and   the UE&#39;s processing circuitry is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application.   
         
             Group C, Example O. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
           at the host computer, providing user data; and   at the host computer, initiating a transmission carrying the user data to the UE via a cellular network comprising the base station, wherein the UE performs any of the steps of any of the Group A examples.   
         
             Group C, Example P. The method of the previous example, further comprising at the UE, receiving the user data from the base station. 
             Group C, Example Q. A communication system including a host computer comprising:
           communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment (UE) to a base station,   wherein the UE comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the UE&#39;s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group A examples.   
         
             Group C, Example R. The communication system of the previous example, further including the UE. 
             Group C, Example S. The communication system of the previous 2 examples, further including the base station, wherein the base station comprises a radio interface configured to communicate with the UE and a communication interface configured to forward to the host computer the user data carried by a transmission from the UE to the base station. 
             Group C, Example T. The communication system of the previous 3 examples, wherein:
           the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application; and   the UE&#39;s processing circuitry is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data.   
         
             Group C, Example U. The communication system of the previous 4 examples, wherein:
           the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application, thereby providing request data; and   the UE&#39;s processing circuitry is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data in response to the request data.   
         
             Group C, Example V. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
           at the host computer, receiving user data transmitted to the base station from the UE, wherein the UE performs any of the steps of any of the Group A examples.   
         
             Group C, Example W. The method of the previous example, further comprising, at the UE, providing the user data to the base station. 
             Group C, Example X. The method of the previous 2 examples, further comprising:
           at the UE, executing a client application, thereby providing the user data to be transmitted; and   at the host computer, executing a host application associated with the client application.   
         
             Group C, Example Y. The method of the previous 3 examples, further comprising:
           at the UE, executing a client application; and   at the UE, receiving input data to the client application, the input data being provided at the host computer by executing a host application associated with the client application,   wherein the user data to be transmitted is provided by the client application in response to   
         
             Group C, Example Z. A communication system including a host computer comprising a communication interface configured to receive user data originating from a transmission from a user equipment (UE) to a base station, wherein the base station comprises a radio interface and processing circuitry, the base station&#39;s processing circuitry configured to perform any of the steps of any of the Group B examples. 
             Group C, Example AA. The communication system of the previous example further including the base station. 
             Group C, Example AB. The communication system of the previous 2 examples, further including the UE, wherein the UE is configured to communicate with the base station. 
             Group C, Example AC. The communication system of the previous 3 examples, wherein:
           the processing circuitry of the host computer is configured to execute a host application;   the UE is configured to execute a client application associated with the host application, thereby providing the user data to be received by the host computer.   
         
             Group C, Example AD. A method implemented in a communication system including a host computer, a base station and a user equipment (UE), the method comprising:
           at the host computer, receiving, from the base station, user data originating from a transmission which the base station has received from the UE, wherein the UE performs any of the steps of any of the Group A examples.   
         
             Group C, Example AE. The method of the previous example, further comprising at the base station, receiving the user data from the UE. 
             Group C, Example AF. The method of the previous 2 examples, further comprising at the base station, initiating a transmission of the received user data to the host computer.