Patent Publication Number: US-9889246-B2

Title: Cassette for a surgical fluid management pump system

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,511, filed Mar. 14, 2013, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,603,990, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/620,814, filed Apr. 5, 2012, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The &#39;511 application is also a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,660, filed Mar. 1, 2013, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,289,110, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates generally to pump system and, more particularly, to pump and auxiliary devices for surgical procedures. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Fluid management pump systems are employed during surgical procedures to introduce sterile solution into surgical sites. One such procedure in which a fluid management pump is employed is during an endoscopic surgical procedure. In endoscopic surgery, an endoscope is inserted into the body at the site where the surgical procedure is to be performed. The endoscope is a surgical instrument that provides a view of the portion of the body in which it is inserted. Other surgical instruments are placed in the body at the surgical site. The surgeon views the surgical site through the endoscope in order to manipulate the other surgical instruments. The development of endoscopes and their companion surgical instruments has made it possible to perform minimally invasive surgery that eliminates the need to make large incisions to gain access to the surgical site. Instead, during endoscopic surgery, small openings, called portals, are formed in the patient. An advantage of performing endoscopic surgery is that since the portions of the body that are cut open are minimized, the portions of the body that need to heel after the surgery are likewise reduced. Still another advantage of endoscopic surgery is that it exposes less of the interior tissue of the patient&#39;s body to the open environment. This minimal opening of the patient&#39;s body lessens the extent to which the patient&#39;s internal tissue and organs are open to infection. 
     The ability to perform endoscopic surgery is enhanced by the development of fluid management pumps. A fluid management pump is designed to pump a sterile solution into the enclosed portion of the body at which the endoscopic surgical procedure is being performed. This solution expands and separates the tissue at the surgical site so as to increase both the field of view of the surgical site and the space available to the surgeon for manipulating the surgical instruments. One type of endoscopic surgery in which fluid management pumps have proven especially useful is in arthroscopic surgery. In arthroscopic surgery, a specially designed endoscope, called arthroscope, is employed to examine inter-bone joints and the ligaments and muscles that connect the bones. A fluid management pump is often employed in arthroscopic surgery to expand the space between the bones and adjacent soft tissue in order to increase the field in which the surgeon can perform the intended surgical procedure. Fluid management pumps are, during arthroscopic surgery, used to increase the surgical view of the joints that form an elbow, a knee, a wrist, or an ankle. Fluid management pumps are used both in endoscope surgery and in other surgical procedures to remove debris generated by the procedure. 
     A fluid management pump system includes a number of different components. There is the pump unit that supplies the motive force for pumping the sterile solution through an inflow tube into the surgical site. The actuation of the pump is regulated by a control unit. The control unit receives as input signals both surgeon entered commands and an indication of the liquid-state fluid pressure at the surgical site. Still another component of a fluid management pump system is the tube set. The tube set includes the fluid communication tubes that are connected between the pump unit, the control unit and the surgical site in the patient which is infused with the distention fluid. The tube set includes the previously described inflow tube through which the solution is introduced into the surgical site. There is also an outflow tube through which the solution and any waste material carried therewith are removed from the surgical site. Fluid flow from the site can be regulated by a valve integral with the control unit that selectively opens and closes the outflow tube. The tube set also includes a pressure feedback tube. The pressure feedback tube provides a fluid communication path between the surgical site and the control unit so that a pressure transducer integral with the control unit can monitor the fluid pressure at the surgical site. The pressure signal the transducer supplies is used by the control unit to regulate the actuation of the pump unit and to control the open/closed state of the fluid outflow tube. 
     Most fluid management pump systems further include cannulae that are inserted into the patient. The cannulae function as the actual fluid communication paths between the surgical site and the tubes forming the tube set. In order to minimize the number of portals that need to be formed in the patient, a single cannula can be provided that provides both the fluid communication into the body for the inflow tube and the pressure feedback tube and that functions as the guide bore through which the endoscope is inserted. These particular cannulae are called pressure sensing cannulae. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An aspect of the present invention is to provide an inflow cassette for a pump comprising a housing, peristaltic tubing, an input tube and an inflow tube. The housing has an internal flow path including an ingress path section and an egress path section. The peristaltic tubing is connected to the housing and is fluidly located between the ingress path section and the egress path section. The input tube is fluidly connected to the ingress path section and being configured to provide a fluid to the housing, with the ingress path section being fluidly located between the input tube and the peristaltic tubing. The inflow tube is fluidly connected to the egress path section and being configured to provide the fluid to a patient, with the egress path section being fluidly located between the ingress path section and the inflow tube. The housing has a damping flexible membrane covering a damping region of the egress path section, with the damping flexible membrane being configured to dampen pressure pulsations in the fluid passing through the damping region. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a pump assembly comprising a pump housing and an inflow cassette. The pump housing has an inflow cassette receptacle therein, with the inflow cassette receptacle having a rotary motor rotating a wheel. The inflow cassette is configured to be inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle of the pump housing. The inflow cassette comprises a cassette housing, peristaltic tubing, an input tube and an inflow tube. The cassette housing has an internal flow path including an ingress path section and an egress path section. The peristaltic tubing is connected to the cassette housing and is fluidly located between the ingress path section and the egress path section. The input tube is fluidly connected to the ingress path section and is configured to provide a fluid to the cassette housing, with the ingress path section being fluidly located between the input tube and the peristaltic tubing. The inflow tube is fluidly connected to the egress path section and is configured to provide the fluid to a patient, with the egress path section being fluidly located between the ingress path section and the inflow tube. The wheel engages the peristaltic tubing when the inflow cassette is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle of the pump housing. Rotation of the wheel by the rotary motor causes the fluid to be pushed through the inflow cassette from the input tube to the inflow tube. The cassette housing has a damping flexible membrane covering a damping region of the egress path section, with the damping flexible membrane being configured to dampen pressure pulsations in the fluid passing through the damping region. 
     Yet another aspect of the present invention is to provide a pump assembly having a pump housing and a cassette. The pump housing has a cassette receptacle therein. The cassette receptacle has a rotary motor rotating a wheel. The pump housing has a plurality of individually actionable pressing members. The cassette is configured to be inserted into the cassette receptacle of the pump housing. The cassette comprises a cassette housing, peristaltic tubing, a plurality of suction tubes and a waste tube. The cassette housing has an internal flow path including an ingress path section and an egress path section. The peristaltic tubing is connected to the cassette housing and is fluidly located between the ingress path section and the egress path section. The plurality of suction tubes are fluidly connected to the ingress path section, with the ingress path section being fluidly located between the peristaltic tubing and the plurality of suction tubes. The waste tube is fluidly connected to the egress path section and being configured to provide a fluid to a waste receptacle, with the egress path section being fluidly located between the waste tube and the peristaltic tubing. The wheel engages the peristaltic tubing when the cassette is inserted into the cassette receptacle of the pump housing. Rotation of the wheel by the rotary motor causes the fluid to be pushed through the cassette from the plurality of suction tubes to the input tube. The plurality of individually actionable pressing members can each be individually actuated to pinch one of the plurality of suction tubes to at least partially prevent fluid flow through the one of the plurality of the suction tubes. 
     Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a pump system comprising a pump, an inflow cassette and an outflow cassette. The pump has an inflow cassette receptacle and an outflow cassette receptacle therein. Each of the inflow cassette receptacle and the outflow cassette receptacle have a rotary motor rotating a wheel. The pump has a plurality of individually actionable pressing members. The inflow cassette is configured to be inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle of the pump and comprises an inflow cassette housing having an inflow internal flow path, inflow peristaltic tubing connected to the inflow cassette housing, an input tube fluidly connected to the inflow internal flow path and being configured to provide a washing fluid to the inflow cassette housing, and an inflow tube fluidly connected to the inflow internal flow path and being configured to provide the washing fluid to a patient. The outflow cassette is configured to be inserted into the outflow cassette receptacle of the pump and comprises an outflow cassette housing having an outflow internal flow path, outflow peristaltic tubing connected to the outflow cassette housing, a plurality of suction tubes fluidly connected to the outflow internal flow path, and a waste tube fluidly connected to the outflow internal flow path. The wheel of the inflow cassette receptacle engages the inflow peristaltic tubing when the inflow cassette is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle of the pump. Rotation of the wheel of the inflow cassette receptacle by the rotary motor of the inflow cassette receptacle causes the washing fluid to be pushed through the inflow cassette from the input tube to the inflow tube. The wheel of the outflow cassette receptacle engages the outflow peristaltic tubing when the outflow cassette is inserted into the outflow cassette receptacle of the pump. Rotation of the wheel of the outflow cassette receptacle by the rotary motor of the outflow cassette receptacle causes the waste fluid to be pushed through the outflow cassette from the plurality of suction tubes to the waste tube. The inflow cassette housing has a damping flexible membrane covering a damping region of the inflow internal flow path, with the damping flexible membrane being configured to dampen pressure pulsations in the washing fluid passing through the damping region. The plurality of individually actionable pressing members can each be individually actuated to pinch one of the plurality of suction tubes to at least partially prevent fluid flow through the one of the plurality of the suction tubes. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1A  is a schematic view of a pump system of the present invention illustrating flow paths through the pump system. 
         FIG. 1B  is a schematic view of the pump system of the present invention illustrating communication paths through the system. 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of an inflow cassette tubing assembly of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is an exploded top perspective view of an inflow cassette of the present invention without peristaltic tubing. 
         FIG. 4  is an exploded bottom perspective view of the inflow cassette of the present invention without peristaltic tubing. 
         FIG. 5  is a top cross-sectional view of the inflow cassette of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  is a side cross-sectional view of the inflow cassette of the present invention. 
         FIG. 7  is a side view of an auxiliary tube of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of an outflow cassette tubing assembly of the present invention. 
         FIG. 9  is an exploded top perspective view of an outflow cassette of the present invention without peristaltic tubing. 
         FIG. 10  is an exploded bottom perspective view of the outflow cassette of the present invention without peristaltic tubing. 
         FIG. 11  is a top cross-sectional view of the outflow cassette of the present invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of a pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 13  is a rear view of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of an inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 15  is an exploded perspective view of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 16  is an exploded perspective view of a motor housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 17  is an exploded perspective view of a sensor holding and housing assembly of the motor housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 18  is a side perspective view of an ejection housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 19  is an exploded perspective view of an ejection housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 19A  is a partial sectional view illustrating the inflow cassette of the present invention being loaded into the pump. 
         FIG. 19B  is a partial sectional view illustrating interaction between the inflow cassette and the ejection housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention as the inflow cassette is being loaded into the pump. 
         FIG. 19C  is a partial sectional view illustrating interaction between the inflow cassette and the ejection housing section of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention as the inflow cassette is loaded in the pump. 
         FIG. 20  is a perspective view of an outflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 21  is an exploded perspective view of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 22  is an exploded perspective view of a motor housing section of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly of the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of a foot pedal of the present invention. 
         FIG. 24  is a perspective view of a remote control for the pump of the present invention. 
         FIG. 25A  is a schematic view of an embodiment of a pump system of the present invention illustrating flow paths through the pump system. 
         FIG. 25B  is a schematic view of the pump system embodiment of  FIG. 25A  illustrating communication paths through the pump system. 
         FIG. 26  is a block diagram showing inputs provided to the pump control processor and outputs from the pump control processor. 
         FIG. 27  is a flowchart of a pump system operating routine that determines if a cannula is disposed at a surgical site in a joint. 
         FIG. 28  is a flowchart of a pump system operating routine that determines whether a minimum fluid flow is provided to a surgical site in a joint. 
         FIG. 29  is a flowchart of a pump system routine that measures head pressure values and time values over a time period. 
         FIG. 30  is a flow chart of a pump system operating routine that calculates slope from the head pressure values and the time values measured by the  FIG. 29  routine and determines if the pump system is provided with incorrect hardware. 
         FIG. 31  is a flowchart of a portion of a pump system operating routine that includes obtaining information regarding a cutting accessory. 
         FIG. 32  is a flowchart of a pump system operating routine that includes sensing a suction lever position of a surgical device. 
         FIG. 33  is a flowchart of a pump system operating routine that calculates a desired handpiece suction outflow. 
         FIG. 34  is a perspective view of a surgical device including components thereof. 
         FIG. 35  is a flowchart of a pump system operating routine that determines whether an inflow cassette is properly inserted in an inflow drive mechanism of a pump housing. 
         FIG. 36  is a flowchart of a hardware calibration routine to determine unknown hardware flow properties. 
         FIG. 37  is a flowchart for a pump system operating routine that determines unidentified hardware properties at pump priming. 
         FIG. 38  is a perspective view of an in-joint sensor which may be part of or connected to the pump system. 
         FIG. 39  is a perspective exploded view of a sheath, housing, and sensor/cable unit of the in-joint sensor of  FIG. 31 . 
         FIG. 40  is a perspective view of a housing outer shell of the in-joint sensor of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 41  is a perspective view of an inner member which resides inside the housing of  FIG. 40 . 
         FIG. 42  is a perspective view of an inner ring which engages with the inner member of  FIG. 41 . 
         FIG. 43  is a perspective view of a proximal member which attaches to the outer shell of  FIG. 40 . 
         FIG. 44  is a perspective view of in-flow tubing to be used with the in-joint sensor of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 45  is an elevated side cross-sectional view of a portion of the shaft and portion of the in-flow tubing of the in-joint sensor, taken along the line XLV-XLV in  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 46  is a cross-sectional view of the shaft of the in-flow tubing of the in-joint sensor taken along the line XLVI-XLVI in  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 47  is a perspective, bottom view of sensors and attached cable, which are part of the in-joint sensor of  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 48  is an elevational side cross-sectional view of the housing, a portion of the cabling and sensors, and a portion of the shaft and sheath of the in-joint sensor, taken along line XLVIII-XLVIII in  FIG. 38 . 
         FIG. 49  is a top plan view of a second embodiment of an in-joint sensor which employs fiber optic cables. 
         FIG. 50  is an end elevational view of a cannula, sheath, and sensors of the in-joint sensor of  FIG. 49 . 
         FIG. 51  is an elevational side cross-sectional view of the housing, similar to that of  FIG. 48 , including a wireless transmitter and battery. 
         FIG. 52  is a side elevational view of a needle-scopic in-joint sensor which may be part of or connected to the pump system. 
         FIG. 53A  is an elevational end view of a first embodiment of the needle-scopic in-joint sensor of  FIG. 52 . 
         FIG. 53B  is an elevational end view of a second embodiment of the needle-scopic in-joint sensor of  FIG. 52 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     For purposes of description herein, it is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative orientations, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification, are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1A , there is illustrated a pump system  10  of the present invention illustrating flow paths through the pump system  10 . The pump system  10  includes a pump  14  configured to provide a surgery washing fluid to a body cavity  12  (e.g., a joint) during surgery and to suction waste fluid out of the body cavity  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1A , the pump  14  receives a surgery washing fluid from a source of surgery washing fluid  16 . The surgery washing fluid could be any washing fluid used in surgery and could be, for example, 0.9% saline or Ringer&#39;s lactate. The surgery washing fluid can provide irrigation to the body cavity  12 , provide distension in a joint to give a surgeon room to operate in certain joints and/or provide tamponade to help with bleeding. Input tubing  18  is connected between the source of surgery washing fluid  16  and the pump  14  for supplying the surgery washing fluid to the pump  14 . As illustrated in  FIG. 1A , the pump  14  can have an inflow cassette  20  inserted therein for receiving the surgery washing fluid and for pushing the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12  through an inflow tube  22 . Typically, the inflow tube  22  is inserted into and/or connected to an inflow cannula  24  inserted into the body cavity  12 . 
     The illustrated pump  14  can also have an outflow cassette  26  inserted therein for suctioning the fluid out of the body cavity  12 . An outflow tube  28  extends between the body cavity  12  and the outflow cassette  26 , with the outflow tube  28  typically inserted into and/or connected to an outflow cannula  30  inserted into the body cavity  12 . The outflow cassette  26  can also have one or more surgery devices  32  connected thereto by device suction tubing  34 . The surgery devices  32  are configured to suction the fluid out of the body cavity  12  while the surgery devices  32  are being used within the body cavity  12 . The surgery devices  32  can include a shaver  36 , an RF ablation device  38  or any other surgery device that can suction waste fluid out of the body cavity  12 . The outflow cassette  26  is connected to a waste receptacle  40  by waste tubing  41 . The outflow cassette  26  works with the pump  14  to suction the waste fluid out of the body cavity  12  and to push the waste fluid into the waste receptacle  40  through the waste tubing  41 . The input tubing  18 , the inflow tube  22 , the outflow tube  28 , the device suction tubing  32  and the waste tubing  41  can have any length. 
     In the illustrated example, the pump system  10  can receive information from all elements of the pump system  10  to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid being provided to the body cavity  12  (i.e., inflow characteristics) and/or to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the waste fluid being suctioned from the body cavity  12  (i.e., outflow characteristics).  FIG. 1B  illustrates the information paths between the elements of the pump system  10  (which can be wired or wireless). In the illustrated example, the pump  14  and/or an integration system  42  can contain an algorithm for altering the inflow and/or outflow characteristics. Therefore, while most of the information paths are illustrated as being between the pump  14  and other elements, the information paths could lead to the integration system  42  instead of the pump  14 . In some embodiments, the integration system  42  is disposed within a pump housing. The pump  14  and/or integration system  42  can include information from the body cavity  12  (e.g., pressure and temperature within the body cavity  12 ), the surgery devices  32  (e.g., the shaver  36  and/or the RF ablation device  38 ), a foot pedal  44 , a remote control  46 , inflow information  48  measured within the pump  14  including pressure information of the fluid outputted from the pump  14  and outflow information  50  measured within the pump  14  including pressure information of the fluid suctioned by the pump  14 . The pump  14  can also include an input device  52  for inputting information directly into the pump  14  (e.g., a keyboard or touch screen). All of the information and how the information is used to alter the fluid inputs and outputs from the pump  14  are discussed in more detail below. 
       FIG. 2  illustrates an inflow cassette tubing assembly  54  for providing surgery washing fluid from the source of surgery washing fluid  16  to the body cavity  12 . The inflow cassette tubing assembly  54  includes the input tubing  18 , the inflow cassette  20  and the inflow tube  22 . As explained in more detail below, the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the pump  14  to push the surgery washing fluid through the inflow cassette  20 . 
     In the illustrated example, the input tubing  18  is connected to the source of surgery washing fluid  16  and the inflow cassette  20 . The input tubing  18  can be made of any tubing material and can be connected to the source of surgery washing fluid  16  in any manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the input tubing  18  includes a cassette connection portion  56 , a Y-connector  58  and a pair of source tubing sections  60 , each having an inflow spike  62  on an end thereof. 
     If the source of surgery washing fluid  16  is a bag of surgery washing fluid, the inflow spikes  62  can be inserted into the bag of surgery washing fluid to allow the surgery washing fluid to flow to the inflow cassette  20 . While not shown, the inflow spikes  62  can have removable caps thereon for preventing the inflow spikes  62  from cutting or penetrating items other than the source of surgery washing fluid  16  when the inflow spikes  62  are not connected to the source of surgery washing fluid  16  and to keep the inflow spikes  62  sterile until the inflow spikes  62  are inserted into the source of washing fluid  16 . Each source tubing section  60  of the input tubing  18  can have a pinch clamp  64  thereon. In use, one of the pinch clamps  64  can be closed to prevent flow through the source tubing section  60 . When the pinch clamp  64  is closed, the source of surgery washing fluid  16  connected to the source tubing section  60  with the closed pinch clamp  64  can be changed when the source of surgery washing fluid  16  is empty. The source of surgery washing fluid  16  is changed by removing the inflow spike  62  therefrom. The inflow spike  62  is then inserted into a new source of surgery washing fluid  16  and the pinch clamp  64  can be opened to allow the surgery washing fluid from the new source of surgery washing fluid  16  to flow to the inflow cassette  20  through the source tubing section  60 , the Y-connector  58  and the cassette connection portion  56 , which is connected to the inflow cassette  20 . With the Y-connector  58 , two sources of surgery washing fluid  16  can be connected to the inflow cassette  20  such that a constant flow of surgery washing fluid can be provided to the inflow cassette  20  even when one of the sources of surgery washing fluid  16  is being changed. It is contemplated that the input tubing  18  could comprise a single tube with the inflow spike  62  or other connection device on an end thereof. 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the inflow cassette  20  ( FIGS. 2-6 ) is connected to the cassette connection portion  56  of the input tubing  18  to receive the surgery washing fluid from the source of surgery washing fluid  16 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the inflow cassette  20  is substantially horseshoe shaped with an enlarged arched section  78  and a pair of legs  80  having inwardly facing feet  82  at an end thereof. A periphery of the arched section  78  and the legs  80  define a substantially arched edge  86 . The legs  80  define an arched cutout  84  therebetween. Peristaltic tubing  70  extends from the inwardly facing feet  82  along a periphery of the arched cutout  84 . As discussed in more detail below, the inflow cassette  20  is connected to the pump  14  by inserting the inwardly facing feet  82  of the inflow cassette  20  into the pump  14  first and pushing the enlarged arched section  78  until the inflow cassette  20  is fully engaged with the pump  14 . Therefore, the inwardly facing feet  82  of the inflow cassette  20  define the insertion side thereof and a side of the inflow cassette  20  opposite the inwardly facing feet  82  defines the extraction side thereof. 
     The illustrated inflow cassette  20  includes an interior fluid flow path  91  therethrough accepting the surgery washing fluid from the input tubing  18  and forcing the surgery washing fluid into the inflow tube  22 . As best illustrated in  FIG. 5 , the interior fluid flow path  91  includes an ingress path section  92  receiving the surgery washing fluid entering the inflow cassette  20  and an egress path section  94 . A peristaltic tube path section  96  located in the peristaltic tubing  70  (as illustrated in  FIG. 2 ) is positioned between the ingress path section  92  and the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The pump  14  pushes the surgery washing fluid through the peristaltic tube path section  96  from the ingress path section  92  to the egress path section  94 . As the surgery washing fluid is pushed through the egress path section  94 , the surgery washing fluid passes through an entry area  95 , a damping chamber area  98  for damping pressure fluctuations of the surgery washing fluid, a pressure sensing area  100  for sensing a pressure of the surgery washing fluid, and then an exit area  102 . Once the surgery washing fluid reaches the exit area  102  of the egress path section  94 , the surgery washing fluid enters the inflow tube  22 . 
     The illustrated inflow cassette  20  includes a top frame  66 , a bottom plate  68 , the peristaltic tubing  70 , a left cap  72  and a right cap  74 , which define the interior fluid flow path  91  through the inflow cassette  20  for accepting the surgery washing fluid from the input tubing  18  and forcing the surgery washing fluid into the inflow tube  22 . The top frame  66  and the bottom plate  68  of the inflow cassette  20  are connected together to form a majority of the interior fluid flow path  91 , with the peristaltic tubing  70 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  being connected to the connected top frame  66  and bottom plate  68  to complete the interior fluid flow path  91 . The top frame  66 , the bottom plate  68 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  can be made of any material (e.g., plastic injection molded parts) and can be connected in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding). 
     In the illustrated example, the top frame  66  ( FIGS. 3 and 4 ) of the inflow cassette  20  includes a top plate  76  forming a top surface of the inflow cassette  20  and an interior top surface of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The top frame  66  also includes a plurality of side walls forming side surfaces of the interior fluid flow path  91  through the inflow cassette  20 . An interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  depends downwardly from the top plate  76  and defines the substantially arched edge  86  of the inflow cassette  20 . The interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  can include ridges  89  on an exterior face thereof for assisting in pushing the inflow cassette  20  into the pump  14 . A transition between the top plate  76  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  is illustrated as being smooth and curved, but could have any configuration. A U-shaped inner wall  104  depends downwardly from the top plate  76  and defines the arched cutout  84  of the inflow cassette  20 . A transition between the top plate  76  and the U-shaped inner wall  104  is also illustrated as being smooth and curved, but could have any configuration. 
     A parallel pair of ingress path section side walls  106  define side surfaces of a first area  107  of the ingress path section  92 . As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , the pair of ingress path section side walls  106  intersect the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  and the U-shaped inner wall  104  at a transition area  108 , with the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  and the U-shaped inner wall  104  defining a second area  109  of the ingress path section  92  after the transition area  108 . A front end of the first area  107  of the ingress path section  92  defined by the ingress path section side walls  106  is bounded by a front ingress wall  110  having an inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112  connected thereto. The inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112  has a central aperture  114  configured to receive the input tubing  18  therein for connecting the input tubing  18  to the inflow cassette  20 . The input tubing  18  can be connected to the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112  in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding, adhesive, interlocking mechanical connections, etc.) The interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  has an open area  90  at the extraction side of the inflow cassette  20  for receipt of the input tubing  18  to allow the input tubing  18  to be inserted into the central aperture  114  of the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112 . The top frame  66  can include a hole  201  above the intersection of the input tubing  18  and the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112  for allowing access to the intersection for connecting the input tubing  18  to the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection member  112 . The front ingress wall  110  includes a centrally located hole  116  for allowing the surgery washing fluid to enter the interior fluid flow path  91  from the input tubing  18 . 
     In the illustrated example, the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  and the U-shaped inner wall  104  form side surfaces of the entry area  95  of the egress path section  94 . The interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  also defines a side surface of a first portion of the damping chamber area  98  of the egress path section  94 . A first egress section sidewall  118  defines side surfaces of a second portion of the damping chamber area  98 , the pressure sensing area  100  and the exit area  102  of the egress path section  94 . The first egress section sidewall  118  extends from the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  adjacent the extraction side of the inflow cassette  20 . The first egress section sidewall  118  has a first arcuate section  122  defining the second portion of the damping chamber area  98 , a second arcuate section  124  defining a side of the pressure sensing area  100  and a straight section  126  defining a side of the exit area  102 . A second egress section sidewall  120  also defines side surfaces of the damping chamber area  98 , the pressure sensing area  100  and the exit area  102  of the egress path section  94 . The second egress section sidewall  120  extends from the U-shaped inner wall  104  after the entry area  94  of the egress path section  94 . The second egress section sidewall  120  has a first arcuate section  128  defining a side of the damping chamber area  98 , a second arcuate section  130  defining a side of the pressure sensing area  100  and a straight section  132  defining a side of the exit area  102 . The first egress section sidewall  118  and the second egress section sidewall  120  define a constriction  134  between the damping chamber area  98  and the pressure sensing area  100 . 
     The illustrated inflow cassette  20  includes the exit area  102  that is bounded by a front egress wall  136  having an inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138  connected thereto. The inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138  has a central aperture  140  configured to receive the inflow tube  22  therein for connecting the inflow tube  22  to the inflow cassette  20 . The inflow tube  22  can be connected to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138  in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding, adhesive, interlocking mechanical connections, etc.) The open area  90  of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  allows for receipt of the inflow tube  22  to be inserted into the central aperture  140  of the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138 . The top frame  66  can include a hole  199  above the intersection of the inflow tube  22  and the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138  for allowing access to the intersection for connecting the inflow tube  22  to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138 . The front egress wall  136  includes a centrally located hole  142  for allowing the surgery washing fluid to exit the interior fluid flow path  91  into the inflow tube  22 . 
     In the illustrated example, the inflow cassette  20  includes peristaltic junction areas  144  at the end of the ingress path section  92  and at the beginning of the egress path section  94 . Each peristaltic junction area  144  includes an L-shaped side wall  146  depending downward from the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  defining a portion of the inwardly facing feet  82  of the inflow cassette  20 . Each L-shaped side wall  146  includes a long section  148  facing the arched cutout  84  of the inflow cassette  10  and a short section  150  facing the short section  150  on the other L-shaped side wall  146 . The long sections  148  each have an outwardly facing cylinder  152  with a ramped prong  154  about an end thereof. As illustrated in  FIG. 5 , ends of the peristaltic tubing  70  are inserted over the outwardly facing cylinders  152  and locking cuffs  156  are inserted over the ends of the peristaltic tubing  70  between the ramped prong  154  and the long section  148  of the L-shaped side wall  146  to lock the ends of the peristaltic tubing  70  to the L-shaped side walls  146 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , an edge of the short section  150  of the L-shaped side wall  146 , an edge of the top plate  76  and an edge of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  of the top frame  66  at each peristaltic junction areas  144  defines a substantially U-shaped edge  158  having a substantially U-shaped recess  159 . The substantially U-shaped edges  158  are configured to engage the left cap  72  and the right cap  74 . 
     The illustrated left cap  72  and right cap  74  also define a portion of the peristaltic junction areas  144 . Each of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  includes a U-shaped end wall  160  and a top wall  162 . Two end edges of the U-shaped end wall  160  and the top wall  162  define a U-shaped side edge  164  having a U-shaped projection  166 . Each of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  is connected to the top frame  66  by inserting the U-shaped projection  166  into the U-shaped recess  159  in the U-shaped edge  158  at each peristaltic junction area  144  until the U-shaped side edge  164  of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  abuts the U-shaped edge  158  of the top frame  66 . The left cap  72  and the right cap  74  can be securely connected to the top frame  66  by an interference fit between the U-shaped projection  166  of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  and the U-shaped recess  159  in the U-shaped edge  158 , by applying an adhesive between the U-shaped side edge  164  and the U-shaped edge  158  of the top frame  66 , by welding (e.g., ultrasonic) the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  to the top frame  66  and/or any other connection method. The U-shaped end wall  160  of each of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  also define a bottom U-shaped edge configured to engage the bottom plate  68  of the inflow cassette  20 . While the top frame  66 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  are illustrated as being three separate parts, it is contemplated that the top frame  66 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  could be a single integral part or be formed by any number of parts. 
     In the illustrated example, the bottom plate  68  of the inflow cassette  20  is engaged with the top frame  66 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  to complete the interior fluid flow path  91  through the inflow cassette  20 . The bottom plate  68  has the same outer periphery as a combination of the top frame  66 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74 . The bottom plate  68  includes a bottom panel  168  having an ingress path ridge  170  corresponding to the boundary of the ingress path section  92  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The ingress path ridge  170  is configured to be inserted into a corresponding ingress path channel  172  in a bottom edge  174  defined by a bottom of the front ingress wall  110 , bottoms of the ingress path section side walls  106 , bottoms of the U-shaped inner wall  104  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  of the top frame  66  defining sides of the second area  109  of the ingress path section  92 , and the bottom U-shaped edge of the right cap  74 . The bottom plate  68  also includes an egress path ridge  176  corresponding to the boundary of the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The egress path ridge  176  is configured to be inserted into a corresponding egress path channel  178  in a bottom edge  180  defined by the bottom U-shaped edge of the left cap  72 , bottoms of the U-shaped inner wall  104  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  of the top frame  66  defining sides of the entry area  95  of the egress path section  94 , a bottom of the first egress section sidewall  118 , a bottom of the second egress section sidewall  120  and a bottom of the front egress wall  136 . The bottom plate  68  also includes a plurality of short connection ridges  182  configured to be inserted into corresponding short connection channels  183  in the bottom of the U-shaped inner wall  104  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  88  of the top frame  66 . Moreover, the bottom plate  68  can include a pair of posts  184  adjacent the peristaltic junction areas  144  of the inflow cassette  20  for insertion into corresponding holes  186  in the bottom U-shaped edge of the left cap  72  and the right cap  74 . The bottom plate  68  can be connected to the top frame  66 , the left cap  72  and the right cap  74  by an interference fit between the ingress path ridge  170  and the ingress path channel  172 , the egress path ridge  176  and the egress path channel  178 , the short connection ridges  182  and the short connection channels  183 , and the posts  184  and the holes  186 , by adhesive, by welding (e.g., ultrasonic) and/or by other connection methods. 
     The illustrated inflow cassette  20  is configured to have the surgery washing fluid suctioned out of the source of surgery washing fluid  16 , pushed through the inflow cassette  20  and pushed through the inflow tube  22  into the body cavity  12 . As the surgery washing fluid enters the inflow cassette  20 , the surgery washing fluid passes through the centrally located hole  116  in the front ingress wall  110  and then through the first area  107 , the transition area  108  and the second area  109  of the ingress path section  92 . Once the surgery washing fluid reaches the peristaltic junction area  144 , the surgery washing fluid enters the outwardly facing cylinder  152  holding the peristaltic tubing  70  adjacent the ingress path section  92  and then into the peristaltic tubing  70 . As discussed in more detail below, the peristaltic tubing  70  is pinched moving in a direction from the ingress path section  92  towards the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . As the peristaltic tubing  70  is pinched, the surgery washing fluid therein is forced towards the egress path section  94 . Moreover, a vacuum is created in the peristaltic tubing  70  behind the portion of the peristaltic tubing  70  being pinched, thereby suctioning the surgery washing fluid out of the source of surgery washing fluid  16  and into the inflow cassette  20 . 
     In the illustrated example, after the surgery washing fluid exits the peristaltic tubing  70  in the inflow cassette  20 , the surgery washing fluid enters the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The washing fluid then sequentially passes through the entry area  95 , the damping chamber area  98 , the pressure sensing area  100  and the exit area  102  of the egress path section  94 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  includes a downwardly depending ramp  188  extending into the egress path section  94  between the entry area  95  and the damping chamber area  98  to lessen the distance between the bottom panel  168  of the bottom plate  68  and the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20 . The downwardly depending ramp  188  constricts the area of the egress path section  94  in order to help condition the flow of fluid prior to entering the damping chamber area  98 . The ramp  188  can reduce turbulence and recirculation caused by the redirection of the fluid as the fluid comes out of the peristaltic tubing  70 . The distance between the bottom panel  168  of the bottom plate  68  and the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20  remains at the smaller distance in the damping chamber area  98 , the pressure sensing area  100  and the exit area  102 . 
     The pressure fluctuations of the surgery washing fluid passing through the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91  are reduced or dampened in the damping chamber area  98 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  has a cut-out  190  over the damping chamber area  98 . The cut-out  190  has a ledge  192  about a periphery thereof slightly below a level of the top plate  76 . A damping assembly  194  is positioned over the damping chamber area  98 . The damping assembly  194  includes a damping chamber frame  196  and a damping chamber flexible membrane  198 . The damping chamber frame  196  has substantially the same periphery as the cut-out  190  in the top plate  76 . The damping chamber flexible membrane  198  includes a center damping portion section  200  and a peripheral bulge  202 . An underside of the damping chamber frame  196  includes a trough  204  for accepting the peripheral bulge  202  of the damping chamber flexible membrane  198 . The damping chamber flexible membrane  198  is connected to the top frame  66  by sandwiching the damping chamber flexible membrane  198  between the damping chamber frame  196  and the ledge  192  about the periphery of the cut-out  190 . The damping chamber frame  196  can be connected to the top frame  66  by an interference fit, by adhesive, by welding and/or by other connection methods. 
     In the illustrated example, the damping chamber flexible membrane  198  expands and contracts due to the pressure pulses generated in the surgery washing fluid passing through the peristaltic tubing  70 . The compliance of the damping chamber flexible membrane  198  reduces an amplitude of the pressure pulses causing a more uniform flow entering into both the pressure sensing area  100  and the body cavity  12  with less pressure pulsing. The damping chamber flexible membrane  198  also helps produce a more uniform pressure wave that is easier to process (e.g., it can be easier for the pump  14  to measure the pressure of the surgery washing fluid in the pressure sensing area  100  because, since the pressure fluctuations are reduced, a sample time used to estimate the fluid pressure is reduced). The damping chamber flexible membrane  198  can be made of any non-permeable, flexible or elastic material (e.g., silicone). 
     After the surgery washing fluid passes the damping chamber area  98 , a pressure of the surgery washing fluid is measured in the pressure sensing area  100 . The top plate  76  of the top frame  66  has a rectangular recess  206  above the pressure sensing area  100 . A circular seat  208  is located in a center of the rectangular recess  206 , with the circular seat  208  including an access slot  538  leading to the pressure sensing area  100  from outside the inflow cassette  20  and a peripheral channel  210  adjacent an edge of the circular seat  208 . A disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  covers the circular seat  208 , with the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  having a circular projection  214  extending downwardly from a margin thereof. The circular projection  214  sits within the peripheral channel  210  in the circular seat  208  to connect the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  to the top frame  66 . The disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  can be connected to the top frame  66  with an interference fit, adhesive, welding and/or any other connection scheme. A plurality of parallel guide strips  216  span the rectangular recess  206  except for the area occupied by the circular seat  208 . The parallel guide strips  216  are parallel to a direction of insertion of the inflow cassette  20  into the pump  14 . Two of the parallel guide strips  216  on either side of the circular seat  208  include thinner center sections  218 . As discussed in more detail below, the two parallel guide strips  216  with the thinner center sections  218  are used to align the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  with a pressure sensor  492  in the pump  14 . Most of the remaining parallel guide strips  216  include a trapezoidal cut-out, with a longer side of the trapezoidal cut-out being located at a top of the parallel guide strips  216 . The trapezoidal cut-out is also used to align the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  with the pressure sensor in the pump  14 . The trapezoidal cut-outs define a pair of ramps  222  on either side on the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  in a direction parallel with the parallel guide strips  216 . 
     In the illustrated example, after the surgery washing fluid leaves the pressure sensing area  100 , the surgery washing fluid enters the exit area  102  of the interior fluid flow path  91 , enters the hole  142  in the front egress wall  136  and then enters the inflow tube  22 . In the illustrated example, the inflow tube  22  is bonded or fixedly connected to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  138  at the exit area  102  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The inflow cassette  20  can be used with a single person during a single surgical procedure. A distal end  224  of the inflow tube  22  can include a luer lock  226  (e.g., male luer lock  226 ) connection or any other connection for connecting the inflow tube  22  to the inflow cannula  24 . It is contemplated that the inflow tube  22  can include a pinch clamp  64  thereon for preventing fluid flow through the inflow tube  22 . It is also contemplated that the inflow tube  22  could be directly inserted into the body cavity  12 . 
     The illustrated inflow cassette  20  can be used with a single person during a single surgical procedure as discussed above or can be used for a number of surgical procedures (being changed every certain number of hours (e.g., 24 hours)). In the latter situation (i.e., use for a number of surgical procedures), an auxiliary tube  228  ( FIG. 7 ) can be located between the inflow tube  22  and the inflow cannula  24 . The auxiliary tube  228  includes an entry side luer lock  230  (or other connection member) that is configured to mate with the luer lock  226  (or other connection member) on the inflow tube  22  and an exit side luer lock  232  (or other connection member) configured to mate with a luer lock (or other connection member) (not shown) on the inflow cannula  24 . The auxiliary tube  228  includes a one-way check valve  234  so that fluid can never flow from the patient into the inflow cassette  20 . It is contemplated that the entry side luer lock  230  and the exit side luer lock  232  are opposite connections in order to ensure that the auxiliary tube  228  is position in the right direction (i.e., positioned such that the surgery washing fluid can pass through the one-way check valve  234  in a path from the inflow cassette  20  to the inflow cannula  24 ). The auxiliary tube  228  can also include a pinch clamp  64  thereon for preventing fluid flow therethrough. 
     In the illustrated example, the inflow cassette  20  could include an RF chip  217  for communicating information to the pump  14  once inserted into the pump  14 . The RF chip  217  could have any configuration and could be located anywhere on or within the inflow cassette  20 . In the illustrated example, the RF chip  217  is in the form of a cylinder located within the inflow cassette  20 . As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  includes a pronged tube  219  extending downwardly therefrom between the constriction  134  between the damping chamber area  98  and the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  and the U-shaped inner wall  104 . The RF chip  217  fits securely over the pronged tube  219 . The pronged tube  219  can include an aperture  221  in a free end thereof that is configured to accept a pin  223  extending upwardly from the bottom panel  168  of the bottom plate  68  for assisting in aligning the bottom plate  68  with the top frame  66 . The RF chip  217  is configured to include information including properties of the inflow cassette tubing assembly  54 . For example, the RF chip  217  can include information related to properties of the inflow tube  22 , the input tubing  18  and the peristaltic tubing  70  (e.g., material, size, pressure-loss characteristics, loss coefficient of the one-way check valve  234  of the auxiliary tube  228 , etc.) to allow the control system to determine the flow rate of surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12 . 
       FIG. 8  illustrates an outflow cassette tubing assembly  236  for suctioning the waste fluid out of the body cavity  12  and to push the waste fluid into the waste receptacle  40 . The outflow cassette tubing assembly  236  includes the outflow tube  28 , the device suction tubing  34 , the outflow cassette  26  and the waste tubing  41 . As explained in more detail below, the outflow cassette  26  is inserted into the pump  14  to suction the waste fluid from the body cavity  12  and to push the waste fluid through the outflow cassette  26 . It is further contemplated that the outflow tube  28  could be directly inserted into the body cavity  12 , in which case the outflow tube  28  would not include any connection on an end thereof. 
     In the illustrated example, the outflow tube  28  is connected to the outflow cannula  30  and the outflow cassette  26 . The outflow tube  28  can be made of any tubing material and can be connected to the outflow cannula  30  in any manner. In the illustrated embodiment, a distal end  238  of the outflow tube  28  includes a luer lock  240  (e.g., male luer lock  240 ) or any other connection for connecting the outflow tube  28  to the outflow cannula  30 . In  FIG. 8 , the luer lock  240  has a luer cap  241  thereon. It is contemplated that the outflow tube  28  can include a pinch clamp  64  thereon for preventing fluid flow through the outflow tube  28 . 
     Each device suction tubing  34  is configured to be connected to a surgery device  32  and the outflow cassette  26 . Each device suction tubing  34  includes a suction fitting  242  on a distal end  244  thereof for connecting the device suction tubing  34  to one of the surgery devices  32 . Each device suction tubing  34  can be made of any tubing material and can be connected to the surgery devices  32  in any manner. Furthermore, it is contemplated that each suction fitting  242  and each device suction tubing  34  can be color coded and/or labeled for use with the appropriate surgery device  32 . It is also contemplated that each device suction tubing  34  can include a pinch clamp  64  thereon for preventing fluid flow through the device suction tubing  34 . The outflow tube  28  and each of the device suction tubing  34  can initially be bonded together (as illustrated in  FIG. 8 ), but can be able to be pulled apart if desired. 
     In the illustrated embodiment, the outflow cassette  26  ( FIGS. 8-11 ) is connected to the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  to suction the waste fluid from the body cavity  12 . As illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the outflow cassette  26  has substantially the same periphery as the inflow cassette  20 . Therefore, the outflow cassette  26  is substantially horseshoe shaped with an enlarged arched section  246  and a pair of legs  248  having inwardly facing feet  250  at an end thereof. A periphery of the arched section  246  and the legs  248  define a substantially arched edge  252 . The legs  248  define an arched cutout  254  therebetween. Peristaltic tubing  256  extends from the inwardly facing feet  250  along a periphery of the arched cutout  254 . As discussed in more detail below, the outflow cassette  26  is connected to the pump  14  by inserting the inwardly facing feet  250  of the outflow cassette  26  into the pump  14  first and pushing the enlarged arched section  246  until the outflow cassette  26  is fully engaged with the pump  14 . Therefore, the inwardly facing feet  250  of the outflow cassette  26  define the insertion side thereof and a side of the outflow cassette  26  opposite the inwardly facing feet  250  defines the extraction side thereof. 
     The illustrated outflow cassette  26  includes an interior fluid flow path  258  therethrough accepting the waste fluid from the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  and forcing the waste fluid into the waste tubing  41 . As best illustrated in  FIG. 11 , the interior fluid flow path  258  includes an ingress path section  260  receiving the waste fluid entering the outflow cassette  26  and an egress path section  262 . A peristaltic tube path section  264  located in the peristaltic tubing  256  is positioned between the ingress path section  260  and the egress path section  262  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . The pump  14  pushes the waste fluid through the peristaltic tube path section  264  from the ingress path section  260  to the egress path section  262 . Once the waste fluid exits the egress path section  262 , the waste fluid enters the waste tubing  41 . 
     The illustrated outflow cassette  26  includes a top frame  266 , a bottom plate  268 , the peristaltic tubing  256 , a left cap  270  and a right cap  272 , which define the interior fluid flow path  258  through the outflow cassette  26  for accepting the waste fluid from the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34 . The top frame  266  and the bottom plate  268  of the outflow cassette  26  are connected together to form a majority of the interior fluid flow path  258 , with the peristaltic tubing  256 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  being connected to the connected top frame  266  and bottom plate  268  to complete the interior fluid flow path  258 . The top frame  266 , the bottom plate  268 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  can be made of any material (e.g., plastic injection molded parts) and can be connected in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding). 
     In the illustrated example, the top frame  266  ( FIGS. 9 and 10 ) of the outflow cassette  26  includes a top plate  276  forming a top surface of the outflow cassette  26  and an interior top surface of the interior fluid flow path  258 . The top frame  266  also includes a plurality of side walls forming side surfaces of the interior fluid flow path  258  through the outflow cassette  26 . An interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  depends downwardly from the top plate  276  and defines the substantially arched edge  252  of the outflow cassette  26 . The interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  can include ridges  279  on an exterior face thereof for assisting in pushing the outflow cassette  26  into the pump  14 . A transition between the top plate  276  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  is illustrated as being smooth and curved, but could have any configuration. A U-shaped inner wall  280  depends downwardly from the top plate  276  and defines the arched cutout  254  of the outflow cassette  26 . A transition between the top plate  276  and the U-shaped inner wall  280  is also illustrated as being smooth and curved, but could have any configuration. 
     The illustrated sides of the ingress path section  260  are defined by a portion of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278 , a portion of the U-shaped inner wall  280 , the right cap  272  and a J-shaped entrance wall  282 . The J-shaped entrance wall  282  includes a straight section  284  extending perpendicularly from an interior surface of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  and a curved section  286  that curves towards and joins the U-shaped inner wall  280 . The straight section  284  of the J-shaped entrance wall  282  defines a front end of the ingress path section  260 . Three inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  are connected to a front side of the straight section  284  of the J-shaped entrance wall  282 . The inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  each have a central aperture  290  configured to receive the outflow tube  28  or one of the device suction tubing  34  therein for connecting the outflow tube  28  or one of the device suction tubing  34  to the outflow cassette  26 . The top frame  266  can include holes  291  above the intersection of the outflow tube  28  or the device suction tubing  34  and each of the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  for allowing access to the intersection for connecting the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  to the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288 . The outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  can be connected to the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding, adhesive, interlocking mechanical connections, etc.) 
     The illustrated interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  has three open areas  292  at the extraction side of the outflow cassette  26  for receipt of the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  to allow the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  to be inserted into the central apertures  290  of the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288 . The straight section  284  of the J-shaped entrance wall  282  also includes a hole  294  aligned with each one of the open areas  292  of the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  for allowing the waste fluid to enter the interior fluid flow path  258  from the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34 . The right cap  272  also forms sides of the ingress path section  260  as discussed in more detail below. 
     In the illustrated example, sides of the egress path section  262  are defined by a portion of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278 , a portion of the U-shaped inner wall  280 , the left cap  270 , an inner egress side wall  296 , and a front egress wall  298  having an inverted egress tube connection member  300  connected thereto. The inner egress side wall  296  extends from the U-shaped inner wall  280  and is parallel to the portion of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  defining the other wall of the portion of the egress path section  262 , except for at an end of the egress path section  262 , where the inner egress side wall  296  diverges slightly away from the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278 . The inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300  is partially connected to the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  and has a central aperture  302  configured to receive the waste tubing  41  therein for connecting the waste tubing  41  to the outflow cassette  26 . The top frame  266  can include a hole  303  above the intersection of the waste tubing  41  and inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300  for allowing access to the intersection for connecting the waste tubing  41  to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300 . The waste tubing  41  can be connected to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300  in any manner (e.g., ultrasonic welding, adhesive, interlocking mechanical connections, etc.) Another one of the open area  292  of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  allows for receipt of the waste tubing  41  to be inserted into the central aperture  302  of the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300 . The front egress wall  298  includes a centrally located hole  304  for allowing the waste fluid to exit the interior fluid flow path  258  into the waste tubing  41 . The left cap  270  also forms sides of the egress path section  262  as discussed in more detail below. 
     The illustrated outflow cassette  26  includes peristaltic junction areas  306  at the end of the ingress path section  260  and at the beginning of the egress path section  262 . Each peristaltic junction area  306  includes an L-shaped side wall  308  depending downward from the top plate  276  of the top frame  266 , which defines a portion of the inwardly facing feet  250  of the outflow cassette  26 . Each L-shaped side wall  308  includes a long section  310  facing the arched cutout  254  of the outflow cassette  26  and a short section  312 , with each the short sections  312  facing the other L-shaped side wall  308 . The long sections  310  each have an outwardly facing cylinder  314  with a ramped prong  316  about an end thereof. As illustrated in  FIG. 11 , ends of the peristaltic tubing  256  are inserted over the outwardly facing cylinders  314  and locking cuffs  317  are inserted over the ends of the peristaltic tubing  256  between the ramped prong  316  and the long section  310  of the L-shaped side wall  308  to lock the ends of the peristaltic tubing  256  to the L-shaped side walls  308 . As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , an edge of the short section  312  of the L-shaped side wall  308 , an edge of the top plate  276  and an edge of the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  of the top frame  266  at each peristaltic junction areas  306  defines a substantially U-shaped edge  318  having a substantially U-shaped recess  320 . The substantially U-shaped edges  318  are configured to engage the left cap  270  and the right cap  272 . 
     The illustrated left cap  270  and right cap  272  also define a portion of the peristaltic junction areas  306 . Each of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  includes a U-shaped end wall  322  and a top wall  324 . Two end edges of the U-shaped end wall  322  and the top wall  324  define a U-shaped side edge  326  having a U-shaped projection  328 . Each of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  is connected to the top frame  266  by inserting the U-shaped projection  328  into the substantially U-shaped recess  320  in the substantially U-shaped edge  318  at each peristaltic junction area  306  until the U-shaped side edge  326  of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  abuts the substantially U-shaped edge  318  of the top frame  266 . The left cap  270  and the right cap  272  can be securely connected to the top frame  266  by an interference fit between the U-shaped projection  328  of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  and the substantially U-shaped recess  320  in the substantially U-shaped edge  318 , by applying an adhesive between the U-shaped side edge  326  and the substantially U-shaped edge  318  of the top frame  266 , by welding (e.g., ultrasonic) the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  to the top frame  266  and/or any other connection method. The U-shaped end wall  322  of each of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  also define a bottom U-shaped edge  330  configured to engage the bottom plate  268  of the outflow cassette  26 . While the top frame  266 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  are illustrated as being three separate parts, it is contemplated that the top frame  266 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  could be a single integral part or be formed by any number of parts. 
     In the illustrated example, the bottom plate  268  of the outflow cassette  26  is engaged with the top frame  266 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  to complete the interior fluid flow path  258  through the outflow cassette  26 . The bottom plate  268  has the same outer periphery as a combination of the top frame  266 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272 . The bottom plate  268  includes a bottom panel  332  having an ingress path ridge  334  corresponding to the boundary of the ingress path section  260  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . The ingress path ridge  334  is configured to be inserted into a corresponding ingress path channel  336  in a bottom edge  338  defined by a bottom of the J-shaped entrance wall  282 , bottoms of the U-shaped inner wall  280  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  of the top frame  266  defining the ingress path section  260 , and the bottom U-shaped edge  330  of the right cap  272 . The bottom plate  268  also includes an egress path ridge  340  corresponding to the boundary of the egress path section  262  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . The egress path ridge  340  is configured to be inserted into a corresponding egress path channel  342  in a bottom edge  344  defined by the bottom U-shaped edge  330  of the left cap  270 , bottoms of the U-shaped inner wall  280  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  of the top frame  266  defining sides of the egress path section  262 , a bottom of the inner egress side wall  296 , and a bottom of the front egress wall  298 . The bottom plate  268  also includes a plurality of short connection ridges  346  configured to be inserted into corresponding short connection channels  348  in the bottom of the U-shaped inner wall  280  and the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278  of the top frame  266 . Moreover, the bottom plate  268  can include a pair of posts  350  adjacent the peristaltic junction areas  306  of the outflow cassette  26  for insertion into corresponding holes  352  in the bottom U-shaped edge  330  of the left cap  270  and the right cap  272 . The bottom plate  268  can be connected to the top frame  266 , the left cap  270  and the right cap  272  by an interference fit between the ingress path ridge  334  and the ingress path channel  336 , the egress path ridge  340  and the egress path channel  342 , the short connection ridges  346  and the short connection channels  348 , and the posts  350  and the holes  352 , by adhesive, by welding (e.g., ultrasonic) and/or by other connection methods. 
     The illustrated outflow cassette  26  is configured to have the waste fluid suctioned out of the body cavity  12 , pushed through the outflow cassette  26  and pushed through the waste tubing  41  into the waste receptacle  40 . As the waste fluid enters the outflow cassette  26 , the waste fluid passes through one of the holes  294  in the straight section  284  of the J-shaped entrance wall  282  and then through the ingress path section  260 . Once the waste fluid reaches the peristaltic junction area  306 , the waste fluid enters the outwardly facing cylinder  314  holding the peristaltic tubing  256  adjacent the ingress path section  260  and then into the peristaltic tubing  256 . As discussed in more detail below, the peristaltic tubing  256  is pinched moving in a direction from the ingress path section  260  towards the egress path section  262  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . As the peristaltic tubing  256  is pinched, the waste fluid therein is forced towards the egress path section  262 . Moreover, a vacuum is created in the peristaltic tubing  256  behind the portion of the peristaltic tubing  256  being pinched, thereby suctioning the waste fluid out of the body cavity  12  and into the outflow cassette  26 . 
     In the illustrated example, after the waste fluid exits the peristaltic tubing  256  in the outflow cassette  26 , the waste fluid enters the egress path section  262  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . As the waste fluid leaves the egress path section  262 , the waste fluid enters the centrally located hole  304  in the front egress wall  298  and then enters the waste tubing  41 . In the illustrated example, the waste tubing  41  is bonded or fixedly connected to the inverted U-shaped egress tube connection member  300 . It is contemplated that the waste tubing  41  can include a pinch clamp  64  thereon for preventing fluid flow through the waste tubing  41 . 
     In the illustrated example, the outflow cassette  26  could include an RF chip  347  for communicating information to the pump  14  once inserted into the pump  14 . The RF chip  347  could have any configuration and could be located anywhere on or within the outflow cassette  26 . In the illustrated example, the RF chip  347  is in the form of a cylinder located within the outflow cassette  26 . As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , the top plate  276  of the top frame  266  includes a pronged tube  349  extending downwardly therefrom between the constriction  134  between the curved section  286  of the J-shaped entrance wall  282  and the inner egress side wall  296 . The RF chip  347  fits securely over the pronged tube  349 . The pronged tube  349  can include an aperture  351  in a free end thereof that is configured to accept a pin  353  extending upwardly from the bottom panel  332  of the bottom plate  268  for assisting in aligning the bottom plate  268  with the top frame  266 . The RF chip  347  is configured to include information including properties of the outflow cassette tubing assembly  236 . For example, the RF chip  347  can include information related to properties of the outflow tube  28 , the device suction tubing  34 , the waste tubing  41  and the peristaltic tubing  256  (e.g., material and size) to allow the control system to determine the flow rate of waste fluid from the body cavity  12  and/or to assist in slowing waste fluid flow through the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  as described below (e.g., material and size of outflow tube  28  and device suction tubing  34  could be relevant when pinching the outflow tube  28  and the device suction tubing  34  to know how much to pinch the outflow tube  28  and device suction tubing  34 ). 
     The illustrated pump  14  ( FIGS. 12-13 ) of the pump system  10  is configured to accept the inflow cassette  20  and the outflow cassette  26  therein to push the surgery washing fluid from the source of surgery washing fluid  16  to the body cavity  12  and to suction the waste fluid from the body cavity  12  and dispose of in the waste receptacle  40 . The pump  14  can include a computer controller such as a micro-processor as discussed in more detail below that executes an algorithm to control at least the pump  14 . The pump  14  includes a pump housing  354  having a front panel  356 , sides  358 , a top  360 , a bottom  362  with support feet  364  and a rear panel  366 . The front panel  356  includes an inflow cassette door  368  having an inflow cassette eject button  370  adjacent thereto and an outflow cassette door  372  having an outflow cassette eject button  374  adjacent thereto. Both the inflow cassette door  368  and the outflow cassette door  372  are spring biased to a closed position (as illustrated in  FIG. 12 ), but will stay open when the inflow cassette  20  and the outflow cassette  26  are inserted into the pump housing  354 , respectively. As discussed in more detail below, the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the pump  14  through the inflow cassette door  368  and ejected from the pump  14  by pressing the inflow cassette eject button  370 . Likewise, the outflow cassette  26  is inserted into the pump  14  though the outflow cassette door  372  and ejected from the pump  14  by pressing the outflow cassette eject button  374 . A power button  376  is depressed to toggle the power to the pump  14 . 
     In the illustrated example, the pump  14  includes a plurality of input ports for receiving information from all elements of the pump system  10  to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12  (i.e., inflow characteristics) and/or to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the suction of the waste fluid from the body cavity  12  (i.e., outflow characteristics). For example, the front panel  356  of the pump  14  can have a view screen  378  (e.g., LCD screen) for relaying information regarding the status of the pump  14  and the items connected thereto. The view screen  378  can also be a touch screen (and function as the input device  52 ) for allowing a user of the pump system  10  to set up user preferences and load settings for the pump  14  and/or change setting for the pump  14  during use. The pump  14  can also include a USB port  380 , an 8 pin foot pedal port  382 , a remote port  384  (e.g., a seven or eight pin port) and an auxiliary device port  386  (e.g., for connection to an in-joint pressure sensor). It is contemplated that the ports can have any connection scheme (e.g., 8 pin, USB, etc.) and can be connected to any device for supplying information to or receiving information from the pump  14 . 
     The illustrated rear panel  366  of the pump housing  354  can also include input ports. For example, the rear panel  366  can include a power port  388  configured to accept a power cord connection element for supplying power to the pump  14 . The rear panel  366  can also include power outlets  390  for devices connected to the pump  14  that need to be powered (e.g., the shaver  36  and the RF ablation device  38 ). The power outlets  390  can be configured to not only provide power to the surgery devices  32 , but can also provide current and voltage information to the pump  14  to be used by the control system in the pump  14  to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12  (i.e., inflow characteristics) and/or to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the suction of the waste fluid from the body cavity  12  (i.e., outflow characteristics), especially for an unidentified third party surgery devices. The current and voltage delivered to the surgery devices  32  are tracked and the collected time-series data is used to determine when the surgery devices  32  are activated. This is be accomplished by, for example, comparing a shape of a quiescent current waveform with a shape of an applied current waveform at any given time which changes with activation and type of the surgery device  32 . Instantaneous and past changes in the current wave form shape can be normalized to the changes in applied main voltage, and used in a linear-discrimination algorithm to optimally differentiate between times when the surgery devices  32  are off or activated. The resulting probability of surgery device  32  activation, especially for an unidentified third party device, is then passed to a motor control and pinch-valve activation algorithm to influence pump and suction performance as discussed in more detail below. The rear panel  366  can also include other information input ports  392  (e.g., a port for connecting the pump  14  to a Stryker® FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus arrangement as sold by Stryker® Corporation of Kalamazoo, Mich.). The Stryker® FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus arrangement is a bus arrangement that allows peer-to-peer communication between the various devices connected thereto. For example, the shaver  36  or RF ablation device  38  may be connected by the Stryker® FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus arrangement for two-way communication with the pump  14  and for communication with multiple devices. For instance, a remote controller device with connections to multiple devices may have a sub arrangement. For example, the shaver  36  and/or RF ablation device  38  connected over the Stryker® FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus arrangement avoids the necessity of individual connectors between the shaver  36  and RF ablation device  38  with multiple devices. 
     When the illustrated inflow cassette  20  is inserted through the inflow cassette door  368 , the inflow cassette  20  is received within an inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  ( FIGS. 14 and 15 ) within the pump housing  354 . The inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  includes a motor housing section  396 , an ejection housing section  398  and a center seal  400 . The center seal  400  is sandwiched between the motor housing section  396  and the ejection housing section  398 . An inflow cassette receiving area  402  is defined between the motor housing section  396  and the ejection housing section  398 , with the inflow cassette  20  being inserted through the inflow cassette door  368  and into the inflow cassette receiving area  402 . 
     In the illustrated example, the motor housing section  396  ( FIGS. 14-16 ) of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  works to pump the surgery washing fluid through the inflow cassette  20 . The motor housing section  396  includes a holding bracket  404 , a pump motor  406 , an inner housing member  408 , pump motor seals  410 , a roller wheel  412 , and a sensor holder and housing assembly  414 . The holding bracket  404  attaches the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  to the pump housing  354 . The holding bracket  404  includes a plate  416  having a plurality of connection flanges  418  extending therefrom and a bottom foot  419 . The bottom foot  419  rests on the bottom  362  of the pump housing  354  and fasteners are inserted through the connection flanges  418  and into the pump housing  354  to connect the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  to the pump housing  354 . The plate  416  of the holding bracket  404  includes a circular motor opening  420  having a plurality of fastener openings  422  surrounding the circular motor opening  420  and a substantially rectangular sensing device opening  424 . The holding bracket  404  can be made or any material (e.g., metal or plastic) and can have other configurations for maintaining the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  in position within the pump  14 . 
     The illustrated inner housing member  408  of the motor housing section  396  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  is configured to receive a portion of the inflow cassette  20  when the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The inner housing member  408  includes a panel  426  connected to the holding bracket  404 . The panel  426  includes a rectangular recessed area  427  having a circular motor opening  428  and a plurality of fastener openings  430  surrounding the circular motor opening  428 . When the inner housing member  408  is connected to the holding bracket  404 , the circular motor opening  420  and the plurality of fastener openings  422  of the holding bracket  404  are aligned with the circular motor opening  428  and the fastener openings  430  of the inner housing member  408 , respectively. A substantially circular flange  432  surrounds the circular motor opening  428  and substantially circular ridges  433  surround each of the fastener openings  430  in the rectangular recessed area  427  of the panel  426 . 
     In the illustrated example, the inner housing member  408  includes a substantially C-shaped flange  434  extending perpendicularly from the panel  426  and defining a top, a bottom and an end of the portion of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  defined by the motor housing section  396  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The substantially C-shaped flange  434  includes a top leg  436 , a bottom leg  438  and a rear leg  440 . The top leg  436  and the bottom leg  438  each have diverging ends  442  opposite the rear leg  440  for allowing the inflow cassette  20  to be easily accepted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the portion of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  defined by motor housing section  396  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The rear leg  440  includes a first half of inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  444  for accepting a portion of the inwardly facing feet  82  of the inflow cassette  20  therein when the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  to assist in properly aligning the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . While not shown, the first half of the inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  444  (along with corresponding inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  557  in the ejection housing section  398 ) can hold coil springs for assisting in pushing the inflow cassette  20  out of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  when the inflow cassette eject button  370  is depressed. A plurality of connection flanges  446  extend outward from an outside face of the substantially C-shaped flange  434 . The connection flanges  446  have fastener openings  448  therein for accepting fasteners  450  to connect the motor housing section  396  to the ejection housing section  398 . The inner housing member  408  can be formed of any material (e.g., injection molded plastic and/or metal). 
     The illustrated pump motor  406  is connected to the holding bracket  404  and the inner housing member  408  and is configured to rotate the roller wheel  412 . The pump motor  406  includes a motor housing  452  and an output shaft  454 . The pump motor  406  has a power supply (not shown) connected thereto for rotating the output shaft  454 . The pump motor housing  452  includes a plurality of fastener holes  456 . The pump motor  406 , the holding bracket  404  and the inner housing member  408  are connected together by first surrounding the holding bracket  404  with the pump motor seals  410 . Each pump motor seal  410  includes a central circular opening  458  surrounded by fastener openings  460 . The holding bracket  404 , the inner housing member  408  and the pump motor seals  410  are aligned such that the circular motor opening  420  of the holding bracket  404 , the circular motor opening  428  in the inner housing member  408 , and the central circular opening  458  in the pump motor seals  410  are aligned and such that the fastener openings  422  in the holding bracket  404 , the fastener openings  430  in the inner housing member  408 , and the fastener openings  460  in the pump motor seals  410  are aligned. Fasteners  462  are then inserted through the fastener openings  422  in the holding bracket  404 , the fastener openings  430  in the inner housing member  408 , the fastener openings  460  in the pump motor seals  410  and into the fastener holes  456  in the pump motor housing  452  to connect the pump motor  406  to the holding bracket  404  and the inner housing member  408 . Once connected, the output shaft  454  of the pump motor  406  will extend through a center of the circular motor opening  420  of the holding bracket  404 , the circular motor opening  428  in the inner housing member  408  and the central circular opening  458  in the pump motor seals  410 . 
     In the illustrated example, the roller wheel  412  is rotated by the pump motor  406 . The roller wheel  412  includes a first disc  464 , a second disc  466 , a shaft receptacle  468  and a plurality of roller cylinders  470 . The roller cylinders  470  extend between and are connected to the first disc  464  and the second disc  466 . The roller cylinder  470  can include a center post fixedly connected to the first disc  464  and the second disc  466  and an outer sleeve configured to be able to freely rotate on the center post. In the illustrated example, three roller cylinders  470  extend between the first disc  464  and the second disc  466  adjacent the peripheral edge thereof such that rotation of the first disc  464  and the second disc  466  will move the roller cylinders  470  along the same circular path. It is contemplated that any number of roller cylinders  470  (e.g., 3, 4, 5, etc.) could be used. Increasing the number of roller cylinders  470  can decrease pressure pulses in the peristaltic tubing, but a maximum flow rate of the fluid through the peristaltic tubing is decreased at higher RPMs of the roller wheel  412  as the number of roller cylinders  470  increases. The number of roller cylinders  470  and the RPM of the roller wheel  412  are used as inputs into the control system to control the inflow characteristics. The shaft receptacle  468  is located between the first disc  464  and the second disc  466  and is connected to at least one of the same. The shaft receptacle  468  is configured to receive the output shaft  454  of the pump motor  406  therein such that rotation of the output shaft  454  will cause rotation of the first disc  464  and the second disc  466  to thereby rotate the roller cylinders  470  in a circular path centered about the output shaft  454 . It is contemplated that the output shaft  454  could have a non-circular cross-section to allow the output shaft  454  to be received within the shaft receptacle  468  of the roller wheel  412  to easily rotate the roller wheel  412 . As illustrated in  FIG. 15 , the first disc  464  of the roller wheel  412  sits on an edge of the substantially circular flange  432  extending around the circular motor opening  428  in the panel  426  of the inner housing member  408 . 
     During use of the pump  14 , the pump motor  406  will rotate the roller wheel  412  to push the surgery washing fluid through the peristaltic tubing  70  of the inflow cassette  20  by having the roller cylinders  470  compress the peristaltic tubing  70  along a length thereof from a beginning of the peristaltic tubing  70  adjacent the second area  109  of the ingress path section  92  towards the entry area  95  of the egress path section  94  of the interior fluid flow path  91 . The egress path section  94  is designed in such a manner that as fluid initially moves through the inflow cassette  20 , air is completely pushed out of the egress path section  94  so that there are no air bubbles entering into the body cavity  12  during a surgical procedure. As discussed in more detail below, the output of the pump motor  406  (e.g., speed of output shaft  454 ) can be used to alter the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12  (i.e., inflow characteristics). It is contemplated that the RPMs of the roller wheel  412  and a position of the roller wheel  412  and the roller cylinders  470  of the roller wheel  412  can be determined by any means. For example, an encoder coupled to the output shaft  454  of the pump motor  406  could include a Hall sensor and/or an optical reader to determine the RPMs of the output shaft  454  (and the roller wheel  412 ) and the position of the output shaft  454  (and the roller wheel  412 ) in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. 
     In the illustrated example, the sensor holder and housing assembly  414  ( FIGS. 14-17 ) is connected to the holding bracket  404  and the inner housing member  408  and is configured to sense a pressure of the surgery washing fluid in the pressure sensing area  100  of the inflow cassette  20 . The sensor holder and housing assembly  414  includes a sensor assembly  472 , a biasing member  474 , a sensor housing  476  and a sensor cable holder  478 . The sensor assembly  472  includes a bottom block shaped section  480  having a plurality of parallel vertically extending ribs  482  extending from each of the side walls  484  thereof. The sensor assembly  472  also include a top section  486  having a top surface  488  with a centrally located sensor opening  490  having a pressure sensor  492  located therein. The top section  486  also includes a pair of angled surfaces  494  located on two opposite sides of the top surface  488 . A pair of parallel rail receiving slots  496  extend through the angled surfaces  494  and the top surface  488  on two sides of the pressure sensor  492 . A longitudinal direction of the parallel rail receiving slots  496  is perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the angled surfaces  494 . A pair of holding tab receiving slots  499  are positioned in ends of the top surface  488  outside of the parallel rail receiving slots  496 . A sensor cable  498  connected to the pressure sensor  492  extends out of a cable opening  500  in the bottom block shaped section  480  directly below the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472 . The sensor assembly  472  is slidably received within the sensor housing  476 . 
     The illustrated sensor housing  476  includes a tub  502  defining an open area  503  for receiving the sensor assembly  472  therein. The tub  502  has a rectangular periphery corresponding to a rectangular space defined by the outer ends of the parallel vertically extending ribs  482  extending from each of the side walls  484  of the bottom block shaped section  480  of the sensor assembly  472 . The sensor assembly  472  is slid into the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476 , with the biasing member  474  being located between a floor of the tub  502  and a bottom surface of the bottom block shaped section  480  of the sensor assembly  472 . The biasing member  474  biases the sensor assembly  472  away from the floor of the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476 . As the sensor assembly  472  slides within the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476 , only the outer ends of the parallel vertically extending ribs  482  extending from each of the side walls  484  of the bottom block shaped section  480  of the sensor assembly  472  abut the side walls of the tub  502 , thereby minimizing friction contact between the sensor housing  476  and the sensor assembly  472 . In the illustrated example, the biasing member  474  is a coil metal spring. However, it is contemplated that any biasing member  474  could be used. The tub  502  includes a side bay  504  for receiving the sensor cable  498  therein to allow the sensor assembly  472  to easily slide within the sensor housing  476 . A cable holding tube  512  extends from a bottom of the tub  502 , with the sensor cable holder  478  being connected to the cable holding tube  512  for holding the sensor cable  498 . As described in more detail below, the pressure sensor  492  in the sensor assembly  472  is used to measure the pressure of the surgery washing fluid within the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  within the inflow cassette  20 . 
     In the illustrated example, the sensor holder and housing assembly  414  is connected to the holding bracket  404  to be able to interact with the inflow cassette  20  within the pump  14 . The sensor housing  476  includes a top rectangular outer wall  506  outside of the tub  502  and a plurality of side connection flanges  508  extending outwardly from the tub  502  below the top rectangular outer wall  506 . Each of the side connection flanges  508  includes an internally threaded opening  510  therein. To assemble the motor housing section  396 , the sensor housing  476  having the sensory assembly  472  therein is slid through the substantially rectangular sensing device opening  424  in the plate  416  of the holding bracket  404 . The top rectangular outer wall  506  of the sensor housing  476  closely fits within the substantially rectangular sensing device opening  424 . A rectangular seal  514  can be positioned within a rectangular channel  516  in a top edge of the top rectangular outer wall  506  of the sensor housing  476  to seal the sensor housing  476  against the holding bracket  404 . Two of the side connection flanges  508  can include pins  518  extending therefrom adjacent to the internally threaded opening  510 , with the pins  518  being configured to be received into complementary receiving holes  520  adjacent the substantially rectangular sensing device opening  424  in the plate  416  of the holding bracket  404  to assist in properly aligning the sensor holder and housing assembly  414  against the holding bracket  404 . 
     The illustrated sensor holder and housing assembly  414  is also connected to the inner housing member  408  to be able to interact with the inflow cassette  20  within the pump  14 . The inner housing member  408  includes a rectangular sensor hole  522  having an adjacent cable notch  524  along a short edge of the rectangular sensor hole  522 . The top rectangular outer wall  506  of the sensor housing  476  closely fits within the rectangular sensor hole  522  in the inner housing member  408 . The sensor cable  498  connected to the pressure sensor  492  and extending out of the cable opening  500  in the bottom block shaped section  480  the sensor assembly  472  extends through the cable notch  524 . A plurality of fastener openings  526  surround the rectangular sensor hole  522 . A front holding plate  527  connects the sensor holder and housing assembly  414  to the inner housing member  408 , with the front holding plate  527  comprising a rectangular sensor opening  528  having a pair of aligned holding tabs  530  extending toward each other from opposite short sides of the rectangular sensor opening  528 . The front holding plate  527  also includes a plurality of fastener openings  532  surrounding the rectangular sensor opening  528 . The front holding plate  527  is placed over the inner housing member  408 , with the rectangular sensor opening  528  of the front holding plate  527  overlying the rectangular sensor hole  522  of the inner housing member  408 . As illustrated in  FIG. 15 , fasteners  534  are inserted through the fastener openings  532  in the front holding plate  527 , through the fastener openings  526  in the inner housing member  408 , through a plurality of fastener openings  536  in the holding bracket  404  adjacent the substantially rectangular sensing device opening  424 , and into the internally threaded openings  510  in the side connection flanges  508  of the sensor housing  476 . The pair of aligned holding tabs  530  of the front holding plate  527  slide within the pair of holding tab receiving slots  499  positioned in ends of the top surface  488  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  to maintain the sensor assembly  472  in proper alignment as the sensor assembly  472  is pressed toward and away from a bottom surface of the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476 . 
     In the illustrated example, the pressure sensor  492  of the sensor assembly  472  is used to measure the pressure of the surgery washing fluid within the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  within the inflow cassette  20 . As the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20  will abut against one of the angled surfaces  494  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  of the sensor holder and housing assembly  414 . As the top plate  76  of the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20  abuts against one of the angled surfaces  494  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472 , the sensor assembly  472  will be pushed toward the bottom of the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476  against the bias of the biasing member  474 . When the inflow cassette  20  is fully inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the biasing member  474  will push the sensor assembly  472  back outward from the bottom of the tub  502  of the sensor housing  476 . 
     Once the illustrated inflow cassette  20  is fully inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the pressure sensor  492  in the sensor assembly  472  can begin measuring the pressure of the surgery washing fluid within the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  within the inflow cassette  20 . When the inflow cassette  20  is fully inserted into the pump  14 , the angled surfaces  494  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  will abut against the ramps  222  of the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20 . The abutment of the ramps  222  and the angled surfaces  494  help to align the pressure sensor  492  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  over the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  in the circular seat  208  of the inflow cassette  20 . Furthermore, the two of the parallel guide strips  216  on either side of the circular seat  208  that have the thinner center sections  218  will be accepted into the parallel rail receiving slots  496  in the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472 , thereby correctly aligning the pressure sensor  492  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  over the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  in the circular seat  208  of the inflow cassette  20 . 
     In the illustrated example, once the pressure sensor  492  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  is aligned with the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  in the circular seat  208  of the inflow cassette  20 , the pressure of the surgery washing fluid within the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  within the inflow cassette  20  can be measured. As illustrated in  FIG. 6 , once the surgery washing fluid in the inflow cassette  20  reaches the pressure sensing area  100 , the surgery washing fluid flows through an access slot  538  in the bottom of the rectangular recess  206  in the top frame  66  of the inflow cassette  20  to an area directly below the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212 . The pressure of the surgery washing fluid will provide a force against the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212 , which will in turn provide a force against the pressure sensor  492  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472 . The pressure sensor  492  of the top section  486  of the sensor assembly  472  will convert the force applied thereto from the disc-shaped pressure sensing membrane  212  into a signal (for example, analog or digital), which is sent along the sensor cable  498  to the control system of the pump  14 . As described in more detail below, the pressure of the surgery washing fluid in the pressure sensing area  100  of the interior fluid flow path  91  within the inflow cassette  20  can be used to alter the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  12 . During removal of the inflow cassette  20  from the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the sensor assembly  472  presses against the biasing member  474  and moves further into the tub  502  to allow the inflow cassette  20  to pass thereby. 
     The illustrated ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette  20  maintains the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receiving area  402  to allow the pump motor  406  to pump the surgery washing fluid through the inflow cassette  20  and to allow the pressure within the pressure sensing area  100  to be sensed by the pressure sensor  492 . The ejection housing section  398  includes an outer housing member  540  and a locking assembly  542 . The outer housing member  540  works with the inner housing member  408  of the motor housing section  396  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  to hold the inflow cassette  20  and the locking assembly  542  locks the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . 
     In the illustrated example, the outer housing member  540  of the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  is configured to receive a portion of the inflow cassette  20  when the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The outer housing member  540  has an overall shape very similar to the inner housing member  408  of the motor housing section  396 . The outer housing member  540  includes a panel  544  having a locking assembly recess  546 . An outside face of the panel  544  can include an RF antenna  555  for receiving the information on the RF chip  217  in the inflow cassette  20 . The RF antenna  555  communicates the information on the RF chip  217  to the control system of the pump  14 . In the illustrated example, the outer housing member  540  includes a substantially C-shaped flange  548  extending perpendicularly from the panel  544  and defining a top, a bottom and an end of the portion of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  defined by the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The substantially C-shaped flange  548  includes a top leg  550 , a bottom leg  552  and a rear leg  554 . A plurality of connection flanges  558  extend outward from an outside face of the substantially C-shaped flange  548 . The connection flanges  558  have fastener openings  560  therein for accepting fasteners  450  to connect the motor housing section  396  to the ejection housing section  398 . The substantially C-shaped flange  548  of the outer housing member  540  can include a C-shaped ridge  551  extending laterally therefrom, with the C-shaped ridge  551  extending into a C-shaped channel  553  in the C-Shaped flange  434  of the inner housing member  408  of the motor housing section  396 . The center seal  400  can be compressed by the C-shaped ridge  551  within the C-shaped channel  553  when the motor housing section  396  is connected to the ejection housing section  398  with the fasteners  450 . 
     The illustrated top leg  550  and the bottom leg  552  each have diverging ends  556  opposite the rear leg  554  for allowing the inflow cassette  20  to be easily accepted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the portion of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  defined by the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The rear leg  554  includes a second half of the inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  557  for accepting a portion of the inwardly facing feet  82  of the inflow cassette  20  therein when the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  to assist in properly aligning the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . While not shown, the second half of the inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  557  (along with corresponding inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  444  in the motor housing section  396 ) can hold coil springs for assisting in pushing the inflow cassette  20  out of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  when the inflow cassette eject button  370  is depressed. 
     The illustrated outer housing member  540  includes the locking assembly recess  546  in the panel  544 , with the locking assembly recess  546  receiving the locking assembly  542  therein. The locking assembly recess  546  includes a top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 , a bottom short substantially rectangular lock wedge movement area  564  and an annular rim area  566  adjacent the bottom short substantially rectangular lock wedge movement area  564 . A bridge  568  spans over the front edge of the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  for assisting in maintaining an ejection button mechanism  570  within the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  as discussed in more detail below. The top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  includes a spring half pipe holder  572  in a rear portion thereof, with a spring abutment wall  574  being located at a rear end of the spring half pipe holder  572 . The outer housing member  540  can include abutment wall supports  576  behind the spring abutment wall  574  for providing stability to the spring abutment wall  574 . The annular rim area  566  includes a cylindrical lock lever hub  578  with a centrally located threaded opening  579  extending from a bottom surface thereof. 
     In the illustrated example, the locking assembly  542  is positioned within the locking assembly recess  546  in the panel  544  of the outer housing member  540 . The locking assembly  542  includes the ejection button mechanism  570 , a lock lever  580 , a spring  582 , a washer  584  and a fastener  586 . The ejection button mechanism  570  includes a rod  588  having the inflow cassette eject button  370  on a front end thereof. The rod  588  has a rear channel  590  in a side face thereof and extending from a top to a bottom of the rod  588 . The illustrated rear channel  590  includes a pair of vertically aligned chevron-shaped side walls  592 . A rear end of the rod  588  defines a pushing wall  594 . An alignment finger  596  extends rearwardly from a rear end of the rod  588 . 
     The illustrated ejection button mechanism  570  is connected to the outer housing member  540  by sliding the alignment finger  596  and the rod  588  of the ejection button mechanism  570  under the bridge  568  over the front edge of the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  and into the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  as illustrated in  FIG. 20 . Before the ejection button mechanism  570  is fully inserted into the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 , the spring  582  is positioned in the spring half pipe holder  572  in the rear portion of the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 . As the ejection button mechanism  570  is fully inserted into the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 , the spring  582  is compressed between the pushing wall  594  at the rear end of the rod  588  and the spring abutment wall  574  located at the rear end of the spring half pipe holder  572 . Therefore, the spring  582  will push the rod  588  and the ejection button mechanism  570  in a direction out of the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 . The lock lever  580  maintains the ejection button mechanism  570  within the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 . 
     In the illustrated example, the lock lever  580  keeps the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The lock lever  580  includes a rim  598 , a first arm  600  and a second arm  602 . The rim  598  includes a central opening  604  having a diameter substantially corresponding to an outer diameter of the cylindrical lock lever hub  578  in the annular rim area  566  of the locking assembly recess  546  in the panel  544  of the outer housing member  540 . The first arm  600  extends radially from the rim  598  and includes an offset hand  606  at a distal end thereof. The second arm  602  also extends radially from the rim  598  at about 270° offset from the first arm  600 . The second arm  602  has a triangular wedge  608  extending from an end thereof in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the lock lever  580 . The triangular wedge  608  is formed as a right triangle with an angled edge  610  facing away from the rim  598  and a holding edge  612  facing the rim  598 . The lock lever  580  can include a strut  614  extending between the first arm  600  and the second arm  602 . 
     The illustrated lock lever  580  maintains the ejection button mechanism  570  within the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562 . Once the ejection button mechanism  570  has been inserted into the top elongated substantially rectangular ejection button mechanism slot  562  as discussed above, the lock lever  580  is inserted into the locking assembly recess  546  by inserting the cylindrical lock lever hub  578  in the annular rim area  566  of the locking assembly recess  546  in the panel  544  of the outer housing member  540  into the central opening  604  in the rim  598  of the lock lever  580 . The lock lever  580  is positioned within the locking assembly recess  546  such that the offset hand  606  at the end of the first arm  600  extends into the rear channel  590  in the rod  588  between the vertically aligned chevron-shaped side walls  592 . Furthermore, the second arm  602  extends into the bottom short substantially rectangular lock wedge movement area  564 . To securely lock the lock lever  580  to the outer housing member  540 , the fastener  586  is positioned through an opening in the washer  584 , through the central opening  604  in the rim  598  of the lock lever  580 , and into the internal centrally located threaded opening  579  in the cylindrical lock lever hub  578 . The washer  584  holds the lock lever  580  in position within the locking assembly recess  546  in the panel  544  of the outer housing member  540  and allows the lock lever  580  to rotate a small amount about the cylindrical lock lever hub  578 . 
     In the illustrated example, the lock lever  580  and the ejection button mechanism  570  work with the inflow cassette  20  to lock the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  and to eject the inflow cassette  20  from the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the bottom plate  68  of the inflow cassette  20  includes a triangular lock block  616  located in a locking indentation  618  adjacent the arched cutout  84 . The triangular lock block  616  includes an abutment edge  620  and a lock edge  622 . The inflow cassette  20  is inserted into and withdrawn from the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  along an insertion line between the insertion side and the extraction side thereof of the inflow cassette  20 . The abutment edge  620  of the triangular lock block  616  on the bottom plate  68  of the inflow cassette  20  is angled relative to the insertion line and the lock edge  622  is perpendicular to the insertion line. 
       FIGS. 19A-19C  illustrate the engagement between the lock lever  580  and the triangular lock block  616  as the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . As illustrated in  FIG. 19A , as the inflow cassette  20  is inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  along line  624  parallel to the insertion line, the abutment edge  620  of the triangular lock block  616  will abut the angled edge  610  of the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580 , causing the angled edge  610  of the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580  to rise as illustrated in  FIG. 19B  and cause the lock lever  580  to rotate clockwise along arcuate line  626  about the cylindrical lock lever hub  578 . Clockwise rotation of the lock lever  580  along arcuate line  626  causes the first arm  600  to push against the vertically aligned chevron-shaped side walls  592  in the rear channel  590  of the rod  588  to force the rod  588  of the ejection button mechanism  570  to move rearward along line  628  against the bias of the spring  582 . Once the inflow cassette  20  is fully inserted into the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the abutment edge  620  of the triangular lock block  616  will no longer abut the angled edge  610  of the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580 . Since the triangular lock block  616  no longer abuts the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580 , the force of the spring  582  will push the rod  588  of the ejection button mechanism  570  back to the left as shown in  FIG. 19C , causing the lock lever  580  to rotate counterclockwise along arcuate line  626  about the cylindrical lock lever hub  578 . Once the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580  abuts a bottom side wall of the bottom short substantially rectangular lock wedge movement area  564 , the holding edge  612  of the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580  will oppose the lock edge  622  of the triangular lock block  616  to prevent removal of the inflow cassette  20  from the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . 
     In order to remove the inflow cassette  20  from the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , the inflow cassette eject button  370  is depressed to cause movement of the ejection button mechanism  570  and the lock lever  580 . First, depression of the inflow cassette eject button  370  will cause the ejection button mechanism  570  to move rearward along line  628  as illustrated in  FIG. 19B , thereby forcing the vertically aligned chevron-shaped side walls  592  of the rear channel  590  in the rod  588  to push against the first arm  600  of the lock lever  580  and force the lock lever  580  to rotate clockwise along arcuate line  626  about the cylindrical lock lever hub  578 . Once the holding edge  612  of the triangular wedge  608  of the lock lever  580  is above and not in front of the lock edge  622  of the triangular lock block  616  of the inflow cassette  20 , the inflow cassette  20  will not be locked within the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The force of the peristaltic tubing  70  against the roller wheel  412  in the pump  14  and/or the force of the springs in the inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  444  and  557  will cause the inflow cassette  20  to move slightly out of the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , thereby allowing the inflow cassette  20  to be easily grasped and removed from the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . It is contemplated that the cassette feet receivers  444  and  557  can be formed without springs such that only the force of the peristaltic tubing  70  is used to eject the inflow cassette  20 . Furthermore, the force of the spring  582  will force the lock lever  580  to rotate counterclockwise as discussed above, which will force the angled edge  610  of the triangular wedge  608  to move against the abutment edge  620  of the triangular lock block  616  of the inflow cassette  20 , thereby forcing the inflow cassette  20  further out of the inflow cassette receiving area  402  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  as the two angled surfaces meet. 
     When the illustrated outflow cassette  26  is inserted through the outflow cassette door  372 , the outflow cassette  26  is received within an outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  ( FIGS. 20 and 21 ) within the pump housing  354 . The outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  includes a motor housing section  632 , an ejection housing section  634  and a center seal  636 . The center seal  636  is sandwiched between the motor housing section  632  and the ejection housing section  634 . An outflow cassette receiving area  638  is defined between the motor housing section  632  and the ejection housing section  634 , with the outflow cassette  26  being inserted through the outflow cassette door  372  and into the outflow cassette receiving area  638 . 
     In the illustrated example, the motor housing section  632  ( FIGS. 20-22 ) of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  works to pump the waste fluid through the outflow cassette  26 . The motor housing section  632  includes a holding bracket  640 , a pump motor  642 , an outer housing member  644 , pump motor seals  646 , a roller wheel  648 , a first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , a second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and an outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654 . The holding bracket  640  attaches the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  to the pump housing  354 . The holding bracket  640  includes a plate  656  having a pair of top connection flanges  658  extending therefrom and a bottom foot  660 . The bottom foot  660  rests on the bottom  362  of the pump housing  354  and fasteners are inserted through the connection flanges  658  and into the pump housing  354  to connect the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  to the pump housing  354 . The plate  656  of the holding bracket  640  includes a circular motor opening  662  having a plurality of fastening openings  664  surrounding the circular motor opening  662 . An L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  includes a first leg  668  extending rearwardly from a side edge of the plate  656  and a second leg  670  extending laterally from an end edge of the first leg  668 . The second leg  670  of the L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  includes a top stepper motor opening  672  with adjacent top stepper motor fastener holes  674 , a middle stepper motor opening  676  with adjacent middle stepper motor fastener holes  678 , and a bottom stepper motor opening  680  with adjacent bottom stepper motor fastener holes  682 . The L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  holds the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  as discussed in more detail below. 
     The illustrated outer housing member  644  of the motor housing section  632  of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  is configured to receive a portion of the outflow cassette  26  when the outflow cassette  26  is inserted into the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630 . The outer housing member  644  includes a panel  684  connected to the holding bracket  640 . The panel  684  includes a rectangular recessed area  686  having a circular motor opening  688  and a plurality of fastening openings  690  surrounding the circular motor opening  688 . When the outer housing member  644  is connected to the holding bracket  640 , the circular motor opening  662  and the plurality of fastening openings  664  of the holding bracket  640  are aligned with the circular motor opening  688  and the fastening openings  690  of the outer housing member  644 , respectively. A substantially circular flange  692  surrounds the circular motor opening  688  and substantially circular ridges  694  surround each of the fastening openings  690  in the rectangular recessed area  686  of the panel  684 . 
     In the illustrated example, the outer housing member  644  includes a substantially C-shaped flange  696  extending perpendicularly from the panel  684  and defining a top, a bottom and an end of the portion of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  defined by the motor housing section  632  of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630 . The substantially C-shaped flange  696  includes a top leg  698 , a bottom leg  700  and a rear leg  702 . The top leg  698  and the bottom leg  700  each have diverging ends  704  opposite the rear leg  702  for allowing the outflow cassette  26  to be easily accepted into the outflow cassette receiving area  638  of the portion of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  defined by motor housing section  632  of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630 . The rear leg  702  includes a first half of inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  706  for accepting a portion of the inwardly facing feet  250  of the outflow cassette  26  therein when the outflow cassette  26  is inserted into the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  to assist in properly aligning the outflow cassette  26  within the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630 . While not shown, the first half of the inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  706  (along with corresponding inwardly facing cassette feet receivers  784  in the ejection housing section  634 ) can hold coil springs for assisting in pushing the outflow cassette  26  out of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  when the outflow cassette eject button  374  is depressed. A plurality of connection flanges  708  extend outward from an outside face of the substantially C-shaped flange  696 . The connection flanges  708  have fastener openings  710  therein for accepting fasteners  712  to connect the motor housing section  632  to the ejection housing section  398 . 
     The illustrated pump motor  642  is connected to the holding bracket  640  and the outer housing member  644  and is configured to rotate the roller wheel  648 . The pump motor  642  includes a motor housing  714  and an output shaft  716 . The pump motor  642  has a power supply (not shown) connected thereto for rotating the output shaft  716 . The motor housing  714  includes a plurality of fastener holes  718 . The pump motor  642 , the holding bracket  640  and the outer housing member  644  are connected together by first surrounding the holding bracket  640  with the pump motor seals  646 . Each pump motor seal  646  includes a central circular opening  720  surrounded by fastener openings  722 . The holding bracket  640 , the outer housing member  644  and the pump motor seals  646  are aligned such that the circular motor opening  662  of the holding bracket  640 , the circular motor opening  688  in the outer housing member  644 , and the central circular opening  720  in the pump motor seals  646  are aligned and such that the fastening openings  664  in the holding bracket  640 , the fastening openings  690  in the outer housing member  644 , and the fastener openings  722  in the pump motor seals  646  are aligned. Fasteners are then inserted through the fastening openings  664  in the holding bracket  640 , the fastening openings  690  in the outer housing member  644 , the fastener openings  722  in the pump motor seals  646  and into the fastener holes  718  in the motor housing  714  to connect the pump motor  642  to the holding bracket  640  and the outer housing member  644 . Once connected, the output shaft  716  of the pump motor  642  will extend through a center of the circular motor opening  662  of the holding bracket  640 , the circular motor opening  688  in the outer housing member  644  and the central circular opening  720  in the pump motor seals  646 . 
     In the illustrated example, the roller wheel  648  is rotated by the pump motor  642 . The roller wheel  648  includes a first disc  726 , a second disc  728 , a shaft receptacle  730  and a plurality of roller cylinders  732 . The roller cylinders  732  extend between and are connected to the first disc  726  and the second disc  728 . The roller cylinder  732  can include a center post fixedly connected to the first disc  726  and the second disc  728  and an outer sleeve configured to be able to freely rotate on the center post. In the illustrated example, three roller cylinders  732  extend between the first disc  726  and the second disc  728  adjacent the peripheral edge thereof such that rotation of the first disc  726  and the second disc  728  will move the roller cylinders  732  along the same circular path. It is contemplated that any number of roller cylinders  732  (e.g., 3, 4, 5, etc.) could be used. Increasing the number of roller cylinders  732  can decrease pressure pulses in the peristaltic tubing, but a maximum flow rate of the fluid through the peristaltic tubing is decreased at higher RPMs of the roller wheel  648  as the number of roller cylinders  732  increases. The number of roller cylinders  732  and the RPM of the roller wheel  648  are used as inputs into the control system to control the outflow characteristics. The shaft receptacle  730  is located between the first disc  726  and the second disc  728  and is connected to at least one of the same. The shaft receptacle  730  is configured to receive the output shaft  716  of the pump motor  642  therein such that rotation of the output shaft  716  will cause rotation of the first disc  726  and the second disc  728  to thereby rotate the roller cylinders  732  in a circular path centered about the output shaft  716 . It is contemplated that the output shaft  716  could have a non-circular cross-section to allow the output shaft  716  to be received within the shaft receptacle  730  of the roller wheel  648  to easily rotate the roller wheel  648 . The first disc  726  of the roller wheel  648  sits on an edge of the substantially circular flange  692  extending around the circular motor opening  688  in the panel  684  of the outer housing member  644 . 
     During use of the pump  14 , the pump motor  642  will rotate the roller wheel  648  to push the waste fluid through the peristaltic tubing  256  of the outflow cassette  26  by having the roller cylinders  732  compress the peristaltic tubing  256  along a length thereof from a beginning of the peristaltic tubing  256  adjacent the ingress path section  260  towards the egress path section  262  of the interior fluid flow path  258 . As discussed in more detail below, the output of the pump motor  642  (e.g., speed of output shaft  716 ) can be used to alter the flow rate and/or pressure of the waste fluid exiting the body cavity  12  (i.e., outflow characteristics). It is contemplated that the RPMs of the roller wheel  648  and a position of the roller wheel  648  and the roller cylinders  732  of the roller wheel  648  can be determined by any means. For example, an encoder coupled to the output shaft  716  of the pump motor  642  could include a Hall sensor and/or an optical reader to determine the position of the RPMs of the output shaft  716  (and the roller wheel  648 ) and the position of the output shaft  716  (and the roller wheel  648 ) in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. 
     In the illustrated example, the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  are connected to the holding bracket  640 . Each of the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  includes a linear actuator  734 , a rod  736  and a compression head  738 . Each linear actuator  734  includes a connection plate  740  having a pair of fastener openings  742 . The compression head  738  is connected to an end of the rod  736  extending away from the linear actuator  734  and the linear actuator  734  is configured to move the rod  736  and the compression head  738  linearly. A stepper motor assembly seal  744  is overlaid each face of the second leg  670  of the L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  of the holding bracket  640 . Each stepper motor assembly seal  744  includes a top stepper motor opening  746  with adjacent top stepper motor fastener holes  748 , a middle stepper motor opening  750  with adjacent middle stepper motor fastener holes  752 , and a bottom stepper motor opening  754  with adjacent bottom stepper motor fastener holes  756 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS. 20 and 21 , fasteners  758  extend through fastener openings  742  in the connection plate  740  of the linear actuator  734  of first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the top stepper motor fastener holes  748  in each of the stepper motor assembly seals  744  and the top stepper motor fastener holes  674  in the second leg  670  of the L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  of the holding bracket  640  to connect the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650  to the holding bracket  640 . Likewise, fasteners  760  extend through fastener openings  742  in the connection plate  740  of the linear actuator  734  of second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652 , the middle stepper motor fastener holes  752  in each of the stepper motor assembly seals  744  and the middle stepper motor fastener holes  678  in the second leg  670  of the L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  of the holding bracket  640  to connect the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  to the holding bracket  640 . Moreover, fasteners  762  extend through fastener openings  742  in the connection plate  740  of the linear actuator  734  of the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654 , the bottom stepper motor fastener holes  756  in each of the stepper motor assembly seals  744  and the bottom stepper motor fastener holes  682  in the second leg  670  of the L-shaped stepper motor connection flange  666  of the holding bracket  640  to connect the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  to the holding bracket  640 . 
     Once the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650  is connected to the holding bracket  640 , the rod  736  and the compression head  738  thereof will extend axially out of the top stepper motor opening  672 . Likewise, once the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  is connected to the holding bracket  640 , the rod  736  and the compression head  738  thereof will extend axially out of the middle stepper motor opening  676 . Furthermore, once the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  is connected to the holding bracket  640 , the rod  736  and the compression head  738  thereof will extend axially out of the bottom stepper motor opening  680 . The rods  736  and the compression heads  738  are surrounded by a rectangular pocket  764  extending rearwardly from the panel  684  adjacent the rectangular recessed area  686  in the outer housing member  644 . 
     In the illustrated example, the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  are configured to prevent fluid flow through a first one of the device suction tubing  34 , a second one of the device suction tubing  34  and the outflow tube  28 , respectively. As illustrated in  FIGS. 9 and 11 , the bottom plate  268  of the outflow cassette  26  includes an elongated press ridge  766  located between the inverted U-shaped ingress tube connection members  288  and the open areas  292  in the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278 . The bottom plate  268  can includes a plurality of mold holes  768  for allowing a mold to form the elongated press ridge  766  in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The top frame  266  includes three access openings  770  in the top plate  276  above the elongated press ridge  766 . The pump  14  is configured to selectively actuate the linear actuators  734  of the first device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  650 , the second device suction tubing stepper motor assembly  652  and/or the outflow tube stepper motor assembly  654  to extend the rod  736  and compression head  738  thereof to pinch a first one of the device suction tubing  34 , a second one of the device suction tubing  34  and/or the outflow tube  28 , respectively, between the compression head  738  and the elongated press ridge  766 , thereby preventing or restricting fluid flow through the first one of the device suction tubing  34 , the second one of the device suction tubing  34  and/or the outflow tube  28 , respectively. It is noted that the stepper motors (or any other motor configured to move the linear actuator) can be activated to pinch the suction tubing  34  and/or the outflow tube  28  to restrict flow of fluid therethrough without preventing all of the fluid passing therethrough (e.g., the motors moving the linear actuators can be configured to move the compression heads  738  to an infinite variety of positions). An alignment plate  772  extends upwardly from the bottom plate  268  between the elongated press ridge  766  and the open areas  292  in the interrupted U-shaped outer side wall  278 . The alignment plate  772  includes three alignment grooves  774 , with each alignment groove  774  accepting one of the first one of the device suction tubing  34 , the second one of the device suction tubing  34  or the outflow tube  28  therein for preventing movement of the first one of the device suction tubing  34 , the second one of the device suction tubing  34  and the outflow tube  28  during pinching thereof. 
     The illustrated ejection housing section  634  of the outflow cassette  26  maintains the outflow cassette  26  within the outflow cassette receiving area  638  to allow the pump motor  642  to pump the waste fluid through the outflow cassette  26 . The ejection housing section  634  includes an inner housing member  776  and a locking assembly  778 . The inner housing member  776  works with the outer housing member  644  of the motor housing section  632  of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  to hold the outflow cassette  26  and the locking assembly  778  locks the outflow cassette  26  within the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630 . The ejection housing section  634  is an identical mirror image of the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 . The ejection housing section  634  of the outflow cassette receptacle assembly  630  functions identically to the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394 , and works with a triangular lock block  780  located in a locking indentation  782  in the rear of the bottom plate  268  of the outflow cassette  26  to maintain the outflow cassette  26  within the outflow cassette receiving area  638  in the same manner that the ejection housing section  398  of the inflow cassette receptacle assembly  394  works with the triangular lock block  616  of the inflow cassette  20  to maintain the inflow cassette  20  within the inflow cassette receiving area  402 . Accordingly, a detailed discussion of the ejection housing section  634  of the outflow cassette  26  is not required. The ejection housing section  634  of the outflow cassette  26  can include an RF antenna (not shown) on an outer face thereof for receiving the information on the RF chip  347  in the outflow cassette  26 . The RF antenna communicates the information on the RF chip  347  to the control system of the pump  14 . 
       FIG. 23  illustrates the foot pedal  44  of the pump system  10 . The foot pedal  44  can include a pair of foot actuators  788 . The foot actuators  788  can be depressed for turning the pump or systems thereof on and off and adjust pump settings such as pressure and flow. Software for the pump  14  can allow for the foot pedal to be configured according to user preferences. For example, the foot actuators  788  can be depressed to activate or deactivate the fluid flow through the inflow cassette  20  and/or the outflow cassette  26 . The foot pedal  44  also includes a communication cord  790  having a input end  792  configured to be inserted into the 8 pin foot pedal port  382  in the pump  14  to connect the foot pedal  44  to the pump  14 . It is also contemplated that the foot pedal  44  can be wired to the pump  14  (or control system thereof) in other manners or can wirelessly communicate with the pump  14  (or control system thereof). 
       FIG. 24  illustrates the remote control  46  of the pump system  10 . The remote control  46  includes a plurality of buttons  794  for controlling basic functionality of the pump  14 . For example, the buttons  794  can make the pump  14  provide more or less pressure in the surgery washing fluid, provide more or less suction of the waste fluid, turn the pump  14  on and off, and swap between different hardware settings (e.g., scope/cannula combinations) to allow for a surgeon to switch the scope and/or cannula being used without stopping the pump  14  and having to re-calibrate or re-select for new hardware. The remote control  46  can include a communication cord (not shown) having a input end  792  configured to be inserted into the 8 pin remote port  384  in the pump  14  to connect the remote control  46  to the pump  14 . It is also contemplated that the remote control  46  can be wired to the pump  14  (or control system thereof) in other manners or can wirelessly communicate with the pump  14  (or control system thereof). 
     Referring to  FIG. 25A , there is illustrated another embodiment of the pump system  1010  of the present invention illustrating flow paths through the pump system. The embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 25A  and discussed below incorporates features from the earlier described embodiments and is not mutually exclusive therefrom. Thus, the embodiments discussed above are within the scope of the embodiments discussed hereinafter. Specifically, the following elements described above can be used in the present embodiment and are identified in the present embodiment by adding 1000 to the numbering scheme (e.g., the pump  14  described above can be a pump  1014  described in the present embodiment): the pump system  10 , the pump  14 , the source of surgery washing fluid  16 , the input tubing  18 , the inflow cassette  20 , the inflow tube  22 , the inflow cannula  24 , the outflow cassette  26 , the outflow tube  28 , the outflow cannula  30 , the surgery device  32 , the device suction tubing  34 , the shaver  36 , the RF ablation device  38  that cuts or coagulates tissue, the waste receptacle  40 , the waste tubing  41 , the integration system  42 , the foot pedal  44 , the remote control  46 , the inflow information  48 , the outflow information  50  and the input device  52 . The integration system  42  identified above could also be used as a multi-device operating room controller  1043  of the present embodiment. 
     The pump system  1010  includes the pump  1014  configured to provide a surgery washing fluid to a body cavity  1012  (e.g., a joint) during surgery and to suction waste fluid out of the body cavity  1012 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 25A , the pump  1014  receives a surgery washing fluid from a source of surgery washing fluid  1016 . Input tubing  1018  connects between the source of surgery washing fluid  1016  and the pump  1014  for supplying the surgery washing fluid. As illustrated in  FIG. 25A , the pump  1014  can have an inflow cassette  1020  inserted therein for receiving the surgery washing fluid and for pushing the surgery washing fluid to the body cavity  1012  through an inflow tube  1022 . Typically, the inflow tube  1022  is inserted into and/or connected to an inflow cannula  1024  inserted into the body cavity  1012 . In some embodiments, an endoscope  1025  can be utilized with the inflow cannula  1024  to provide washing fluid to the body cavity  1012 . 
     The illustrated pump  1014  can also have an outflow cassette  1026  inserted therein for suctioning fluid out of the body cavity  1012 . An outflow tube  1028  extends between the body cavity  1012  and the outflow cassette  1026 , with the outflow tube  1028  typically inserted into and/or connected to an outflow cannula  1030  inserted into the body cavity  1012 . Device suction tubing  1034  can connect the outflow cassette  1026  to one or more surgery devices  1032  (which can be a cutting device). The surgery devices  1032  are configured to suction the fluid out of the body cavity  1012  while the surgery devices  1032  are being used within the body cavity  1012 . The surgery devices  1032  can include a shaver  1036  having a shaver processor  1037 , an RF electrosurgical probe device or ablation device  1038  having an electrosurgical device processor  1039 , or any other surgery device that can suction waste fluid out of the body cavity  1012 . The outflow cassette  1026  is connected to a waste receptacle  1040  by waste tubing  1041 . 
     In the illustrated example, the pump system  1010  can receive information from various elements of the pump system to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the surgery washing fluid being provided to the body cavity  1012  (i.e., inflow characteristics) and/or to change the flow rate and/or pressure of the waste fluid being suctioned from the body cavity  1012  (i.e., outflow characteristics).  FIG. 25B  illustrates the information paths between various elements of the pump system  1010 . In the illustrated example, the pump  1014  includes a pump control processor  1042 , such as a microprocessor, that includes programs and/or algorithms for altering the inflow and/or outflow characteristics of the pump  1014 . The pump control processor  1042  can obtain information from the body cavity  1012  (e.g., pressure and temperature within the body cavity  1012 ), the cassettes  1020 ,  1026 , the surgical device processors of the surgical devices  1032  (e.g., the shaver processor  1037  and/or the RF electrosurgical device processor  1039 ), the multi-device operating room controller  1043  capable of controlling plural surgery devices including the pump  1014 , a foot pedal  1044 , a remote control  1046 , inflow information  1048  measured within the pump  1014  including pressure head information for the fluid output from the pump  1014  and outflow information  1050  including pressure information of the outflow fluid suctioned from the surgical site in the joint by the pump  1014 . In some embodiments, an in-joint sensing device  1058  is provided to directly sense temperature and/or pressure at the surgical site in a joint. The pump  1014  can include a pump memory device  1051  that stores information received by the pump control processor  1042  and can prestore information regarding various devices, such as the cassettes, the surgical devices and various cutting accessories. The pump  1014  can also include an input interface or input device  1052  for inputting information directly to the pump (e.g., a keyboard or touch screen). 
       FIG. 26  illustrates various inputs, outputs and input devices that are provided with a pump control processor  1042 . The input devices include the multi-device operating room controller  1043 , the foot pedal  1044 , the remote control  1046  and the pump input device  1052 . 
     In various embodiments, only some of the inputs shown in  FIG. 26  are provided to the pump control processor  1042  and only selected ones of the outputs are output therefrom. For example, in some embodiments of the invention there is no outflow pump motor control. In other embodiments, an unidentified third party surgical device is provided, wherein the pump control processor  1042  does not know device parameters of such a surgical device. Many embodiments of the invention do not include an in-joint pressure sensor or an in-joint temperature sensor, and thus such directly measured joint pressure values are not provided to the pump control processor  1042 . In some embodiments, a multi-device operating room controller  1043  is not connected to the pump system  1010 . Further, additional inputs and outputs for the pump control processor  1042  that are not shown in  FIG. 26  are also contemplated. 
     In the embodiments discussed above, only inflow fluid flow control is provided by the pump  1014  and the pump control processor  1042  to initially maintain a constant desired in-joint pressure (P joint ) without the use of an in-joint pressure sensor. In other embodiments, inflow/outflow fluid control is provided by the pump  1014  and the pump joint pressure is again maintained without an in-joint pressure sensor. 
     Identified Components: 
     In one embodiment, the type of inflow cannula  1024 , type of endoscope  1025 , and the type of inflow tube  1022  and length thereof are identified. Identification information for each of the components is input into the pump control processor  1042  manually or automatically. The dimensions and length of the inflow and outflow tubing that is secured to the pump cassettes  1020 ,  1026 , along with other properties, is typically automatically read by RF communication or identified by the pump control processor  1042  when the inflow and outflow cassettes  1020 ,  1026  are inserted into the pump  1014 . 
     The pump control processor  1042  utilizes stored or read dimensions and other values for the known identified components to calculate a pressure loss (P loss ) curve based on the dimensions and characteristics of the inflow tubing  1022 , the inflow cannula  1024  and the endoscope  1025  that define an inflow path to the surgical site  1012  in the joint. Details for the inflow tubing, the endoscope  1025  and the inflow cannula  1024  can be stored in pump memory  1051 . An algorithm or program executed by the pump control processor  1042  calculates coefficients (COEF 1  and COEF 2 ) defining the P loss  curve from the properties including the dimensions and length of the tubing  1022 , and properties including dimensions of both the cannula  1024  and the endoscope  1025 . The coefficients are provided in an equation including speed or velocity, typically revolutions per minute (RPMs) of an inflow pump motor to calculate a P loss  value at a point on the P loss  curve as defined for a given inflow pump motor speed. 
     Obtaining a P loss  value on the P loss  curve for an RPM value of the inflow pump motor requires an algorithm or program calculating a second order polynomial using the load coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  as set forth in the following equation:
 
 P   loss =COEF 1 ×(RPM value) 2 +COEF 2 ×(RPM value).
 
The above pressure loss equation results in a calculated P loss  value at a given RPM value for the inflow motor of the pump system.
 
     A measured head pressure (P head ) sensed by a pump inflow pressure sensor of the pump  1014  disposed at or near the inflow pump cassette  1020  is used to calculate the in-joint pressure using the following equation:
 
 P   joint   =P   head   −P   loss  
 
     Using the above calculation, the pump control processor  1042  The pump control processor  1042  controls the inflow pump controls the inflow pump motor to maintain the P joint  value at a generally constant predetermined desired pressure value regardless of the outflow arrangement. 
     The pump control processor  1042  controls the inflow pump motor over a range in which there is a linear relationship between the inflow flow rate (Inflow) and the inflow pump motor RPM value using the following equation:
 
Inflow=COEF INFL ×(RPM value).
 
     The inflow coefficient COEF INFL  value is loaded from a look-up table for the identified hardware (cannula, inflow tubing, etc.) connected to the pump. 
     In some embodiments, an inflow cannula provides fluid to a joint without an endoscope. In such an instance, the pump control processor  1042  simply determines the load coefficients and inflow coefficient from the inflow tubing and the inflow cannula. In other embodiments the cannula is an outflow cannula or a different cannula. 
     In operating the pump system, location of the inflow cannula  1024  at the surgical site  1012  in the joint and adequate flow of inflow fluid to the surgical site in the joint is determined to avoid providing flow when the inflow cannula is not disposed in the joint and to prevent a high pressure when there is low flow with the cannula disposed in the joint. Finally, incorrectly identified components, such as an inflow cannula, an endoscope or other components, along with erroneous information provided to the pump control processor  1042  is determined to prevent the pump system from applying high fluid pressure to a joint. 
     Joint Test Routine: 
     From the identified components, such as the inflow cannula and the endoscope provided with the cannula and the length and diameter of the tubing, the pump control processor  1042  determines a P head  cannula in-joint value, a P head  flow test value, a time in-joint value and a time low flow value. 
       FIG. 27  shows a cannula in-joint test routine  1100  for the pump system. The cannula in-joint test routine  1100  executes as follows. At step  1102 , the pump control processor  1042  drives the inflow pump motor at a cannula in-joint test RPM value. At step  1103 , P head  is measured by the inflow pressure sensor. At step  1104 , measured P head  is compared with a P head  cannula in-joint value. When P head  is not greater than P head  cannula in-joint value, the routine  1100  advances to step  1105  whereat the timer is incremented from a zero time start value. The routine  1100  then advances to step  1106  and the incremented measured time is compared with a time in-joint value. So long as the measured time value is not greater than the predetermined time in-joint value, the routine  1100  returns to step  1103  whereat P head  is again measured. 
     At step  1104 , P head  is again compared with the P head  cannula in-joint value. If P head  is again greater than P head  cannula in-joint, the routine  1100  again advances to step  1105  whereat the timer is incremented, and then advances to step  1106 . 
     At step  1106 , if the measured time is greater than time in-joint, the joint test routine  1100  advances to step  1108 . At step  1108 , the pump control processor  1042  outputs a cannula not in-joint alert to indicate that the inflow cannula is not properly placed at a surgical site in a joint. Typically, the inflow pump motor also is stopped. 
     Returning to step  1104 , when measured P head  is greater than the P head  cannula in-joint value, the inflow cannula is disposed in the joint of a patient. The routine  1100  then advances to step  1109  whereat the timer of the pump control processor  1042  is reset. The joint test routine  1100  advances to flow test routine  1110  shown in  FIG. 28 . 
     Flow Test Routine: 
     At step  1114  of the flow test routine  1110 , the inflow motor is reduced to a flow test RPM value for determining if there is adequate flow through the cannula and into the surgical site at the joint. The flow test RPM value, the P head  flow test value and the low flow time value are previously determined by the pump control processor  1042  based on the identified hardware and any other relevant information. From step  1114 , the flow test routine  1110  advances to step  1115  whereat P head  is measured. The flow test routine  1110  then advances to step  1116 , whereat the pump control processor  1042  determines if measured P head  is greater than P head  flow test. If P head  is greater than P head  flow test, the routine  1110  advances to step  1118  whereat the timer is incremented. Then the routine  1110  advances to step  1120  whereat the measured and incremented time is compared with a low flow time (T low flow ). If the measured time is greater than the low flow time, the routine advances to step  1122 , whereat the pump control processor  1042  provides a low flow alert to a user. Typically at step  1022  the inflow pump is also stopped to avoid the possibility of a high fluid pressure in the joint. 
     At decision step  1120 , when the measured time is not greater than the low flow time the flow test routine  1100  returns to step  1115  whereat P head  is measured. Then at step  1116 , the pump control processor  1042  again determines if measured P head  is greater than the P head  flow test value. If measured P head  is no longer greater than the P head  flow test value, the routine  1100  advances to step  1124 . 
     At step  1124 , the timer of the pump control processor  1042  is reset or cleared and the flow test routine  1110  advances to step  1126 . At step  1126 , the pump control processor  1042  outputs an indication that the inflow cannula is disposed in the joint and that the fluid inflow through the cannula to a surgical site in the joint is greater than a predetermined minimum flow. 
     The flow test routine  1110  then advances to step  1128  and begins preparations for a pump system test to ensure the inflow cannula and endoscope are correctly identified. At step  1128 , the routine calculates a run test RPM value based on a desired P loss  curve in combination with the hardware, such as the inflow cannula, the endoscope, the tubing, and in some instances the type of joint and doctor preferences. Further, a P head  end test value is determined by the pump control processor  1042 . 
     At step  1130 , the flow test routine  1110  stores a measured P head  as a P head  start value and resets the timer to provide a start time. The flow test routine  1110  then advances to the run test routine  1140  shown in  FIG. 29 . 
     Run Test Routine: 
     At a first step  1142  of the run test routine  1140  shown in  FIG. 29 , the pump motor  406  is driven at the run test RPM value. The routine  1140  advances to step  1143  whereat P head  is measured by the inflow pressure sensor. The run test routine  1140  advances to step  1144 , whereat measured P head  is compared with the P head  end test value. When the measured P head  is not greater than the P head  end test value, the routine  1140  advances to step  1146 . 
     At step  1146 , the timer is incremented to provide a measured time value. The routine  1140  advances to decision step  1148  whereat the incremented and measured time is compared with a time run test value. If the measured time (T meas ) is greater than the time run test value, the routine  1140  advances from step  1148  to step  1150  whereat an error condition is output by the pump control processor  1042 . 
     If the measured time at step  1148  is not greater than the run test time, the routine  1140  advances from step  1148  to step  1152  whereat the incremented time is stored as an end time value (T end). Thereafter, the routine  1140  again measures P head  at step  1143  and then returns to decision step  1144 . At step  1144 , once again the routine  1140  determines whether measured P head  is greater than the P head  end test value. If P head  is not greater than P head  end test, the routine  1140  again advances to steps  1146 ,  1148  and operates as set forth above. When measured P head  is greater than the P head  end test value at decision step  1144 , however, the routine  1140  advances to check run routine  1160  illustrated in  FIG. 30 . 
     Check Run Routine: 
     The check run routine  1160  shown in  FIG. 30  performs a number of calculations to the pressure and time data obtained by the run test routine  1140 . At step  1162  of the check run routine  1160 , the pump control processor  1042  calculates a pressure difference from the P head  start value and the P head  end value. The check run routine  1160  then advances to step  1164  whereat the pump control processor  1042  calculates a time difference from the stored start time and the stored end time. 
     The check run routine  1160  then advances to step  1166  whereat the pump control processor  1042  calculates and obtains a calculated or measured slope from the measured pressure and time differences. The routine  1160  then advances to step  1168 . At step  1168 , the pump control processor  1042  calculates and stores a normalized slope based on a maximum allowed flow for the identified hardware connected to the pump. This step of calculating and storing a slope can occur at any time, including before beginning operation of the check run routine  1160 . The routine  1160  then advances to step  1170 . 
     At step  1170 , the measured slope obtained from the measured pressure and measured time values is compared with the stored normalized slope. When the measured slope is not greater than the stored slope, the check run routine  1160  advances to step  1172 . At step  1172 , an incorrect identification hardware alert is provided by the pump control processor  1042  and typically the inflow pump motor is idled. Idling the pump motor prevents the possibility of an overpressure condition at a surgical site in a joint of a patient. 
     When the measured slope is greater than the stored slope, the routine  1160  advances to step  1174 . From step  1174 , the routine  1160  advances to normal operation of the pump system based on the identified inflow cannula, the identified endoscope and in some instances, the tubing connecting the pump cassette to the cannula. Other information such as joint type and user preferences may also be a factor as discussed above. Thus, the routines  1140 ,  1160  are executed to provide a check test to confirm that the hardware connected to the pump is correctly identified, and in some instances, to avoid overpressure in the joint. 
     In conclusion, the joint test routine  1100 , the flow test routine  1110 , the run test routine  1140  and the check run routine  1160  provide a redundancy to confirm that the pump system is properly connected to the surgical site, that adequate fluid flow is being provided to the surgical site, and that the hardware secured to the pump is properly identified. 
     Recognized Surgical Device: 
     As shown in  FIG. 25B , a shaver  1036  and/or RF electrosurgical probe device  1038  is connected to the pump  1014 , preferably via a two-way communication bus. Surgical devices  1032  manufactured by the manufacturer of the pump system  1010  recognize each other&#39;s signals and thus are capable of two-way communication. Thus, performance parameters of surgical devices  1032  and cutting accessories can be communicated to the pump control processor  1042 . In some embodiments for a shaver  1036 , parameters including shaver identification information and identification information including the type and size of bur or other surgical device accessory disposed on the shaver is provided automatically to the pump control processor  1042 . Further, the ON/OFF condition, the specific cutter or bur used, the type of operating mode selected for the shaver (examples are Forward, Reverse, Oscillation, etc.), the real-time RPM value of a shaver motor during operation, and other properties can be provided to the pump control processor  1042  via the communication bus to optimize the performance of the pump  1014 . Further, a window size and window position of a surgical device and/or cutting accessory can be provided to the pump control processor  1042 . 
     With regard to an RF electrosurgical device or RF probe, parameters such as identification information for an RF electrosurgical device handpiece, the ON/OFF condition thereof, the type of RF probe, identification information including suction and non-suction parameters, and the RF power level output setting can be provided automatically to the pump control processor  1042  for optimizing operation of the pump  1014 . 
     In some embodiments, the dimensions of a flow path through a surgical device handpiece and the position of a lever controlling flow through the path can be provided over the communication bus to the pump control processor  1042 . In some embodiments surgical device identifiers and cutting accessory identifiers are sent over the communication bus to the pump control processor  1042  and values for the bur size, window size, and flow path dimensions that are previously stored in the pump memory  1051  can be retrieved. 
       FIG. 31  is a flowchart of the steps of a portion of a pump flow control routine  2200  executed by the pump control processor  1042  that emphasizes the identification of a cutting accessory. At step  2202 , the type of joint, maximum and minimum flow rates, a desired or best flow rate that minimizes fluid consumption and maintains good visibility, a maximum pressure value, a desired pressure value and other types of information, including but not limited to the information or parameters listed and shown in  FIG. 26 , can be provided to the pump control processor  1042 . The information can be manually entered into the pump control processor  1042  via input device  1052 , read or downloaded automatically from a memory card or the like, or provided by other means. Then the routine advances to step  2204 . 
     At step  2204  surgical device information, including identification information for a cutting accessory attached thereto, is provided to the pump control processor  1042 . As discussed above, the information can be provided over a communication bus. The surgical device  1032  can include an RF reader to identify an RF tag secured to the cutting accessory. In another embodiment, the pump includes an RF reader to identify RF tags secured to both the surgical device and the cutting accessory. The routine then advances to step  2206 . 
     At step  2206 , the routine or program executed by the pump control processor  1042  compares pump settings with predetermined disposable fluid flow characteristics. An algorithm or program uses a look-up table, calibration curves, and in some embodiments additional information to determine ideal fluid inflow and fluid outflow rates for operation of the pump  1014 . 
     At step  2207 , a user has the option to update or change the flow and suction settings for any cutter or bur provided with a handpiece or an RF electrosurgical probe device. Thus, in an instance wherein a user does not like default settings, new settings can be provided and stored. 
     At step  2208 , the pump inflow control signals, and in some instances outflow information, is provided to the inflow pump motor and to additional devices to obtain ideal in-joint pressures and fluid flow at the surgical site. 
     A feedback path (not shown) from step  2208  returns to a program or routine whereat an algorithm recalculates pump flow rates based on one or more of real-time joint pressure, inflow head pressure, pump motor speeds, surgical device speed and ON/OFF condition. Typically, the routine does not need to re-identify the surgical device or the cutting accessory. Further, the user joint settings, such as desired joint pressure, maximum and minimum joint pressure, maximum and minimum fluid flow through the joint and desired fluid flow information typically do not change, and thus the routine typically does not return to step  2202  until one cutting operation ends and another cutting operation begins. 
     In one example, for a shaver operating at a motor speed of 12,000 RPM with a 5.0 mm round bur attached thereto, and a desired pressure value of 70 mmHg, the algorithm or routine executed by the pump control processor  1042  provides outputs to the inflow pump motor, the outflow pump motor, and in some instances to other devices including outflow pinch valves, to obtain the desired joint pressure of 70 mmHg, while maintaining desirable inflow and outflow rates for the pump output. 
     When the shaver  1036  is operated, the pump control processor  1042  receives the ON/OFF condition and the RPM output value of the shaver and calculates and controls the inflow pump RPM value that is output by the inflow pump motor, controls the outflow pump motor, and controls pinch valves provided with or near the outflow cassette  1026  by opening a valve for the outflow tubing  1034  connected to the shaver while closing a separate outflow tubing  1028  from the outflow cannula  1030 . 
     The additional surgical device information, along with the joint pressure values calculated or sensed as described above, enable the pump control processor  1042  of the pump  1014  to more accurately control the P joint  value and fluid flow rates that result in surgical site conditions that closely correspond to the selections or inputs of an authorized medical user operating the pump system  1010 . 
     As the shaver is identified, a non-linear outflow rate to RPM curve is provided with a look-up table containing coefficients to predict the outflow rate based on the outflow RPM for controlling the pump to provide a desired or best outflow rate. 
     User preferences and other information from the pump control processor  1042  can be provided to the surgical device  1032 , such as the shaver  1036  and RF electrosurgical device  1038 . The preferences can include surgical device settings preferred by the medical user that will be operating the surgical device  1032  and the pump system  1010 . 
     Unrecognized Cutting and RF Electrosurgical Devices: 
     The pump  1014  can be utilized with unrecognized third-party surgical devices  1032  that are not identifiable by the pump control processor  1042 . Such RF electrosurgical devices and shaver devices are typically connected to power outlets located on the backside of the pump housing. Located within the pump housing are current and/or voltage sensing devices that sense a current waveform of the power drawn by the unrecognized surgical devices when operated. Instantaneous and past changes in the current waveform can be normalized to changes in the applied mains voltage and the pump control processor  1042  can execute a linear-discrimination algorithm to optimally differentiate between times when the unidentified surgical devices are off and when the surgical devices are activated to treat or cut tissue. The pump control processor  1042  utilizes the information to control the pump inflow motor, the pump outflow motor and in some instances pinch valves of the outflow tubing located at the outflow cassette  1026  and/or other devices to influence pump fluid inflow and fluid suction performance. 
     As discussed above, the critical flow rate values and maximum pressure value for the surgical site  1012  at the joint are typically different during operation of a surgical device  1032  as compared to during non-operation of the surgical device. Therefore, sensing surgical device activation enables adjustments to the desired joint pressure value and fluid flow by control of the inflow pump motor, outflow pump motor and other devices while the surgical device is activated. 
     In-Joint Sensor: 
     In some embodiments, an in-joint sensing device  1058  shown in  FIG. 25B  includes an in-joint pressure sensor and/or an in-joint temperature sensor that are disposed at or adjacent the surgical site. The in-joint sensing device  1058  can obtain and send a real-time pressure value from the surgical site  1012  to the pump control processor  1042 , thereby avoiding reliance on the calculated P loss  curves discussed above. The in-joint sensing device  1058  also reduces time delay in determining pressure changes in the joint. For instance, when pressure changes are measured upstream, there is a delay in the pressure change at the joint propagating through the inflow tubing to the sensor in the pump  1014 . The in-joint pressure sensor also removes the upstream pressure measuring influence of hydrostatic head which occurs due to height differences between the pump and the cutting accessory located at the surgical site. Therefore, the pump need not be maintained at the same level or height as the surgical site. Details of in-joint sensing devices  1058  are disclosed in U.S. provisional patent Application Ser. No. 61/620,814 filed Apr. 5, 2012, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     In some embodiments, the temperature sensor of the in-joint sensing device measures real-time fluid temperature at the surgical site in the joint mainly during application of RF energy to ablate tissue therein. In this instance, when the measured joint temperature increases beyond a predetermined temperature value, the pump control processor  1042  operates to increase the fluid flow rate through the joint. For instance, the flow through a RF waste removal tube provided within the RF electrosurgical device can be increased by opening a pinch-valve for a dedicated outflow tube. This feature allows the pump control processor  1042  to maintain the joint temperature within acceptable limits and thus reduces the risk of unwanted cell damage due to an increased fluid temperature. The pump control processor  1042  can also quickly obtain the maximum fluid flow rate for the RF electrosurgical device and set the outflow to the maximum fluid flow rate to increase the flow rate through the electrosurgical device and the joint thus decreasing the joint temperature and reducing the risk of cell damage. In some embodiments, the pump control processor  1042  communicates the temperature value to the RF electrosurgical device  1036  for display to a medical user operating the RF electrosurgical device. In some embodiments, in-joint temperature and in-joint pressure values are both displayed. 
     Overpressure: 
     Regardless of the type of P joint  calculation or direct pressure measurement, a P joint  value must not exceed a predetermined pressure value. Thus, when an overpressure condition is calculated or measured, the pump control processor  1042  performs at least one of operating outflow pinch valves, reducing the RPM value of the inflow pump motor, and other steps to reduce the joint pressure. 
     Handpiece Suction Lever/Control Embodiments: 
     In some embodiments, a powered surgical hand piece having suction control is provided with a position sensor that determines the position of a suction control lever. One example of a powered handpiece that can be modified to include a lever position sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,682,333, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, a position of the suction control lever is measured by a position resister, and other position measuring arrangements are contemplated. 
       FIG. 32  shows a flowchart or routine  2220  wherein a position of a suction lever for controlling suction through a shaver handpiece or other handpiece is measured at step  2222 . The lever position is provided to the pump control processor  1042 . At step  2223 , pump inflow/outflow characteristics are also provided to the pump control processor  1042 . At step  2224 , the processor  1042  calculates actual handpiece suction flow through the opening in a path or suction channel within the handpiece that is controlled by a valve corresponding to the suction lever position. At step  2225 , the pump control processor  1042  executes a pump lever algorithm to determine an optimal inflow rate and to minimize the outflow while maintaining a desired pressure level for the surgical site  1012  of the joint in view of the suction lever position. Further, the pump algorithm controls flow conditions to provide clear vision for an endoscopic camera disposed at the surgical site. Pump inflow and outflow rates are output at step  2226  to control one or more of the inflow pump motor, the outflow pump motor, and other devices including pinch-valves as necessary to maintain a desired joint pressure. From step  2226 , the pump control processor program or routine  2220  returns to step  2222  to measure the suction lever position and then advances to step  2223  to read the pump inflow/outflow characteristics. Then at step  2224 , the pump control processor  1042  again determines new pump inflow and outflow rates in view of the suction lever position and the inflow/outflow characteristics. The routine  2220  repeats the steps at least while the handpiece is activated. 
     By measuring the suction lever position and executing the pump lever algorithm, the pump reacts quickly to the effect on joint pressure of rapid changes in the suction lever position. 
       FIG. 33  shows a flowchart or routine  2240  for a second embodiment similar in purpose to the embodiment of  FIG. 32 , wherein the handpiece suction outflow is calculated based on an electronic suction control value obtained at step  2241  and pump inflow/outflow characteristics obtained at step  2242 . 
     In this embodiment, a purely electronic (virtual lever) suction control provides no physical constraint, such as a valve disposed in a path within a handpiece, for metering of the fluid flow through a pathway in a surgical device  1032 , such as a shaver or RF electrosurgical device including a suction channel. Thus, the suction channel through the handpiece is free from a valve or other adjustable fluid flow blocking device. The electronic suction control provides information to the pump control processor  1042  choosing the desired amount of fluid outflow. 
     At step  2244 , the pump control processor  1042  calculates a desired handpiece suction outflow value. At step  2246 , the pump control processor executes an algorithm to determine pump control signals that maintain a desired joint pressure level for the surgical site at the joint while providing the desired fluid flow rate through the surgical device  1032 . The routine advances to step  2248 . 
     At step  2248 , the pump control processor  1042  provides control signals to one or more of pinch-valves, an inflow pump motor and an outflow pump motor to obtain the proper inflow and outflow rates, and to thus maintain a desired joint pressure level. The routine  2240  then returns to steps  2241 ,  2242 ,  2244  and  2246  in sequence and repeats the calculations, at least while the surgical device  1032  is in use. 
     In some embodiments, the electronic suction control is a physical lever mounted on the handpiece that is not connected to a valve therein, but instead changes a resistance value depending upon the lever position. In other embodiments, the electronic suction control can be a touch type sensor on the handpiece with an increase touch pad and a decrease touch pad for increasing or decreasing the suction flow through the handpiece. In some embodiments, the electronic suction control can be provided on multiple devices besides the handpiece. For example, the electronic suction control can be provided on a footswitch connected to the surgical device and as indicia on the input device  52 , such as a touchscreen of the pump  14 ,  1014 . 
     One problem addressed by the suction control embodiments of  FIGS. 32 and 33  is related to a situation that can occur wherein a surgical device  1032 , such as a shaver, is powered on, and the pump head pressure is then increased as the cutting bur of a shaver is spinning, even though there is no suction occurring. Such an event could result in extravasation due to overpressure at the surgical site. In the embodiments of  FIGS. 32 and 33 , the algorithm does not increase head pressure even when the cutting bur is activated, unless a pressure drop is sensed. 
     Surgical Device Actuator Mapping: 
       FIG. 34  shows a surgical device  2300  with surgical handpieces and a footswitch. More specifically,  FIG. 34  shows a surgical device console  2302  that includes a touchscreen  2304 , a surgical device processor and control buttons  2306 ,  2308 . Further, the surgical device  2300  includes a pair of handpieces, more specifically, a shaver handpiece  2310  having a cutting accessory  2312  attached thereto and an RF electrosurgical probe handpiece  2314  for cutting and coagulation of tissue. Further, the surgical device  2300  includes a footswitch  2320  having a plurality of pedals  2322 ,  2324  and push buttons  2326 ,  2328 ,  2330 . In some embodiments, the cutting handpiece  2310  and cutting accessory  2312  are a motor powered mechanical shaver having a bur or other cutting device secured thereto. Actuators, such as push buttons or other switches, are disposed on the handpiece  2310  to provide input signals to the surgical device processor. 
     The RF electrosurgical probe handpiece  2314  includes a wand  2316  at the distal end thereof for heating tissue for cutting or coagulation purposes. The electrosurgical probe handpiece  2314  can include a plurality of actuators  2317 ,  2318 ,  2319  for providing inputs to the surgical device processor that, for example, control power to the handpiece. 
     In operation, the footswitch  2320  can provide control signals to the surgical device processor which controls power to the various handpieces  2310 ,  2314  depending on the state of the surgical device processor, by selection of the pedals  2322 ,  2324  or buttons  2326 ,  2328 ,  2330 . 
     The surgical device processor is connected by the FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus to the pump control processor  1042  of the pump system  1014 . The bus enables bi-directional communication between the pump control processor  1042  and the surgical device processor. In some embodiments, user preference files stored in the pump memory are provided to the surgical device processor with information as to the various modes of operation for the pump system. In some embodiments, regardless of whether or not the surgical handpiece is performing an operation on tissue, a WASH mode, a CLEAR mode and a HOTSWAP mode are available for the pump system  10 ,  1010  as discussed below. 
     More specifically, in some embodiments a WASH mode or function of the pump system  1010  is provided. In the WASH mode, in response to a manual wash input signal, a temporary joint pressure increase occurs, along with a temporary flow increase for a predetermined time period. The WASH mode flushes out debris and blood and the temporary joint pressure increase from flushing assists in stopping bleeders, if bleeders are present. Thereafter, the pump  1014  returns to outputting of the predetermined desired joint pressure. 
     In some embodiments, the pump system  1010  includes a CLEAR mode or function. In response to a manual clear input signal, fluid flow increase for a predetermined time in the inflow mode. Suction (outflow) increases for a predetermined time when the pump system is in inflow/outflow mode. Finally, in some embodiments, the pump system  1010  includes a HOT SWAP mode or function, wherein in response to a hot swap input signal, cannulas can be switched out or replaced during live use of the pump system, while minimizing fluid pressure and fluid flow issues. 
     In some embodiments, information regarding each of the above listed modes is provided to the surgical device processor from the pump control processor. A user at the touchscreen  2304  of the surgical device  2300  maps various switch type actuators on the surgical handpieces  2310 ,  2314  and/or foot pedals  2322 ,  2324  along with buttons  2326 ,  2328 ,  2330  on the footswitch  2320  to selectively actuate one of the WASH, CLEAR and HOT SWAP modes. Further, selection of joint pressure or an inflow rate can be controlled by mapped actuators of the surgical device. The surgical device processor can map one actuator to any one of the modes. 
     In some embodiments, plural control actuators are individually mapped to various ones of the pump system modes. An actuator on a handpiece  2310 ,  2314  and on the footswitch  2320  can be mapped to select the same operating mode and to enable fluid flow through the outflow path of the surgical handpiece  2320 ,  2314  when the handpiece is not treating tissue. 
     In some embodiments, actuator mapping is performed by selections made at either or both of the surgical device touchscreen  2304  and the input device of the pump  1014 . In some embodiments, the desired mapping of actuators is loaded through preference files. 
     In a VACUUM mode, when the surgical device handpiece  2310 ,  2314  not treating tissue, a mapped actuator controls fluid outflow through a handpiece suction outflow path of the surgical device handpiece. Thus, during an inflow/outflow pump operation, when the surgical device handpiece is not performing a tissue treatment, the corresponding mapped actuator provides suction through the handpiece suction outflow path by opening a suction pinch valve to enable flow between the handpiece and the outflow pump, while closing a dedicated pinch valve that enables flow from an outflow cannula to the outflow pump. Further, in response to the mapped actuator, the outflow motor operates to provide the desired suction value through the handpiece suction outflow path. Thus, the pump system is controlled to provide suction through the handpiece suction outflow path of the surgical handpiece when the surgical device is not actuated to treat tissue. Finally, providing the actuator on the surgical device handpiece or the surgical device footswitch  2320  provides ease of use for an operator. 
     In some embodiments, the desired outflow rate is provided from a user preference file that is loaded into the surgical device processor or the desired outflow rate is a default suction outflow rate. 
     While the embodiments in  FIGS. 1A and 25A  show the shaver and RF electrosurgical device as entirely separate devices, as illustrated in  FIG. 34  the devices may share a common console  2302 . 
     Operation: 
     At pump system start-up, pressure at the surgical site  1012  in the joint is measured in any of the ways described herein and the pump control processor  1042  initially operates to maintain the pressure P joint  at a preselected desired constant pressure. The pressure is typically maintained until a critical flow rate is reached, at which point the pump control processor  1042  changes or shifts to a constant flow mode and allows the pressure in the joint to decrease in order to maintain a flow rate. The flow rate can be set to a predetermined low flow rate that is sufficient to, for example, maintain good visualization for a camera of an endoscope while reducing fluid consumption. 
     The inflow only mode is similar to the inflow/outflow mode with the exception that there is no control of the outflow. Again, the pump control processor  1042  operates the inflow pump motor to maintain a set pressure value at the joint until a predetermined critical inflow rate is reached, at which point the inflow pump motor maintains a constant minimum flow rate, instead of a constant pressure. 
     As discussed above, in some embodiments the activation of a surgical device  1032  increases the critical flow rate value and/or predetermined desired joint pressure value so that the pump control processor  1042  maintains a desired joint pressure over a larger range of flow rate values. Further, once the new selected stored inflow value is read by the pump control processor  1042 , the inflow pump motor maintains a different constant inflow of fluid to the surgical site at the joint while the surgical device is activated. 
     As discussed above, in an inflow/outflow mode that includes sensing of cutting device operation, fluid outflow from the cutting device, such as a shaver, is also measured to assist in a timely response to a decrease in joint pressure when the cutting device is actuated. 
     The multi-device operating room controller  1043  illustrated in  FIG. 25B  is capable of controlling the pump  1014  in a similar manner as the foot pedal  1044  and the remote control  1046 , as well as the input device  1052 . The multi-device controller  1043  receives pump operating status and information from the pump  1014  for display thereon and can provide pump control signals to the pump  1014  over the Stryker® FIREWIRE™ Backbone bus arrangement. Thus, a separate controller in a medical room is capable of controlling operation of the pump system  1010  and a plurality of other devices that may include the shaver  1036  and the RF electrosurgical device  1038 . 
     While a single pump control processor  1042  is illustrated in drawing  FIG. 25B , the use of at least a plurality of, and in one embodiment eight, processors for different functions and purposes is contemplated for the pump control system. 
     The pump system operations discussed herein are utilized for various embodiments including an inflow only pressure and inflow rate control, embodiments additionally including outflow pressure and outflow control, embodiments provided with direct in-joint pressure and temperature sensing, embodiments utilizing specific recognized or unrecognized surgical devices, embodiments including specific pump cassettes, and other arrangements. 
     In most embodiments, the height of the inflow cannula  1024  located at the joint is typically intended to be at the same height as the inflow pump motor  406  of the pump  1014 . 
     Inflow Pump Cassette Insertion Detection: 
     Another embodiment of an inflow pump control arrangement is utilized to confirm that the inflow pump cassette is entirely inserted or properly locked into place with the inflow drive mechanism and the pump housing. Detection occurs during a pump priming sequence for the surgical pump system and an insertion error alert is provided by the pump control processor  1042  in the event proper insertion is not detected. For a typical inflow pump cassette and inflow drive mechanism, the inflow pump motor generally is a brushless DC motor that receives pulse width modulation (PWM) drive signals. In another embodiment, the inflow pump motor is a stepper that receives PWM signals that drive the motor essentially predetermined distances in order to control the output of fluid through tubing and an inflow cannula to a surgical site. 
     In another embodiment, PWM current is not applied to drive the pump motor. Instead, different currents, such as a constant current or a sinusoidal current, are provided to the pump motor. Thus, the pump motor current device measures a different type of current to obtain a pump operating value for processing as discussed below. In other embodiments, the pump motor measuring device is a voltage measuring device or a power measuring device, and the inflow cassette insertion check routine  2400  discussed below, processes the measured pump operating voltage value or power value. Therefore, while the check routine as discussed below is directed specifically to measured PWM values, the same routine operates with various types of current values, along with voltage and power values, provided as the measured pump operating value. 
     In some embodiments, after the inflow pump cassette is inserted into the pump housing an RFID tag or structure mounted on the inflow pump cassette is detected to determine the presence of the pump cassette. Such presence, however, does not ensure that the inflow pump cassette is entirely and properly mounted to the inflow drive mechanism and pump housing. In some embodiments, upon detection of the RFID structure, the pump control processor  1042 , automatically begins the inflow cassette insertion check routine  2400  when pump priming begins. 
     The inflow cassette insertion check routine  2400  begins at step  2404  and sets the timer of the pump control processor to a zero value. Upon the routine  2400  advancing to step  2408 , an inflow pump pressure sensor measures inflow pump pressure P head  and adds the measured P head  value to any previously measured and stored P head  values, whereat the routine advances to step  2412 . 
     At step  2412 , an inflow pump motor PWM measuring device measures a pulse width modulation (PWM) value for the inflow pump motor. The pump control processor  1042  receives the PWM value and calculates an integrated PWM value for a time interval. Thus, in some embodiments, the pump motor PWM measuring device is a pump motor PWM current measuring device that measures the current provided to drive the inflow pump motor. 
     The cassette insertion check routine  2400  then advances to decision step  2416 . So long as a stored time, which was initially set to zero at step  2404 , is not greater than a predetermined priming time limit, the pump control processor advances the routine  2400  to step  2420  whereat the time is incremented by the amount of a time interval, and the incremented time is stored by the pump control processor. 
     The predetermined priming time limit, the time interval, a threshold PWM value, and a P head  minimum value are determined by the pump control processor  1042  in view of the hardware of the surgical pump system, and typically by the identified inflow cannula and the identified endoscope utilized therewith. Other factors may include the tubing size and tube length, along with user preferences. 
     Returning to the inflow cassette insertion check routine  2400 , from step  2420  the routine returns to step  2408  whereat P head  is measured and added to previous P head  values. The cassette insertion check routine  2400  advances again to step  2412  whereat a measured PWM value is obtained by the inflow pump motor PWM measuring device, and the pump control processor calculates and stores an integrated PWM value for a time interval. 
     The routine  2400  again advances to step  2416 , whereat if the pump control processor determines that the stored time is not greater than or equal to the predetermined priming time limit, then steps  2420 ,  2408 ,  2412  are repeated. Each time these steps are taken, the same time interval occurs between measurements. After a number of time intervals wherein P head  and a PWM value are measured, the priming time limit is obtained and decision step  2416  advances the routine  2400  to step  2424 . 
     At step  2424 , the pump control processor calculates a total PWM integrated value over the priming time limit for the inflow pump motor from the integrated PWM values for each of the time intervals. Thereafter, the check routine  2400  advances to step  2428  whereat the total PWM integrated value is compared with the threshold PWM value determined by the pump control processor in view of the hardware attached to the pump arrangement. In the instance that the total PWM integrated value is greater than the threshold PWM value, the routine  2400  advances to step  2432 , whereat the inflow cassette is in order and the pump system is available for use. 
     In the event that the total PWM integrated value over the time limit at decision step  2428  is less than the threshold PWM value, the routine  2400  advances to step  2436 . At step  2436 , the pump control processor  1042  calculates an average P head  value over the predetermined priming time limit and the routine  2400  advances to step  2440 . 
     At step  2440 , the average P head  value is compared to a P head  minimum value that was calculated previously by the pump control processor based on the hardware. When the average P head  value is greater than the P head  minimum value, the routine  2400  advances to step  2432  indicating that the inflow pump cassette is properly inserted and the pump control processor advances to another routine or operating stage as the pump system is ready for operation. 
     In the event that the average P head  value at step  2440  is not greater than the P head  minimum value, the routine  2400  advances to step  2444 . 
     At step  2444 , the pump control processor  1042  outputs an inflow cassette insertion error alert, such as a sound output by a speaker and/or a visual indicator on a pump touchscreen, to alert a user to the improper positioning of the inflow pump cassette. After step  2444 , the cassette insertion check routine  2400  advances to step  2448  whereat there is a system delay or pause to wait for a user input to address the situation. Further, the inflow pump motor typically is idled. 
     In the embodiment wherein the pump motor PWM measuring device is a pump motor PWM current measuring device, the PWM current measuring device measures a PWM current value. The pump control processor calculates an integrated PWM current value for the PWM current value at each interval. After the time intervals are complete, the pump control processor calculates a total PWM integrated current value from the integrated PWM current values that is compared with a threshold PWM current value to determine whether the cassette is locked in completely. In an instance wherein the inflow pump cassette is not locked in, there typically is a current drop in the PWM current value measured for the time intervals. Thus, the calculated total PWM integrated current value is less than a threshold PWM current value due to the current drop and a second test is done utilizing the measured P head  values. 
     For the second test, the average P head  value calculated over the entire priming time limit is determined and compared against the P head  minimum value. When the inflow pump cassette is not locked in place properly, the pressure sensing membrane  212  of the pump cassette typically is off axis with respect to the pressure sensor  492  mounted on the pump. If not in alignment, the measured pressure P head  is less than an expected pressure. Thus, the location of the pressure sensing membrane  212  of the inflow pump cassette is critical to proper inflow pressure measurement and a reduced average P head  value indicates improper placement of the inflow pump cassette. Therefore, this second test ensures that an alert is not provided by the pump control processor unless there clearly is an issue with insertion of the inflow pump cassette into the pump housing. 
     Moreover, performing the cassette insertion check routine  2400  at inflow pump priming, ensures proper inflow cassette position before usage of the pump system occurs. 
     Unidentified Hardware Properties: 
     Another embodiment of an inflow pump control arrangement is utilized wherein the flow resistance properties of the tubeset hardware, comprising the inflow cannula  1024  and the endoscope  1025  are unknown. Thus, while the manufacturer and type of endoscope, along with the manufacturer and type of cannula are known, the P loss  curve, load coefficients and flow characteristics thereof are not known. In this embodiment, the pump control processor  1042  utilizes a hardware calibration or hardware P loss  curve determination routine  2500  that includes an algorithm as shown in  FIG. 36  to obtain pump RPM values and P head  values that are used to calculate the pressure loss coefficients COEF 1  and COEF 2  that define the P loss  curve. 
     The hardware calibration routine  2500  shown in  FIG. 36  begins at step  2502 . At step  2502 , the inflow pump motor provided with the inflow cassette  1020  operates and ramps up to a particular start point RPM value. The hardware calibration routine  2500  advances to decision step  2506  and determines if P head  is stabilized. If P head  is not stable, the routine  2500  advances to step  2510 , wherein a predetermined time delay is provided. After the predetermined time delay, the routine  2500  returns to step  2506  and again determines if P head  is stabilized. If not, the routine  2500  again advances to step  2510  and repeats steps  2506 ,  2510  as necessary. When P head  is stabilized at step  2506 , the hardware calibration routine  2500  advances to decision step  2514  whereat measured P head  is compared to a predetermined P head  limit value. If measured P head  is less than or equal to the P head  limit value, the routine  2500  advances to decision step  2518 . At step  2518 , the measured P head  value and the measured RPM value are stored and the routine  2500  advances to step  2519 . At step  2519 , the pump control processor determines if enough RPM values are stored. In some embodiments, more than six stored RPM values are required. If not enough RPM values were previously stored, the routine  2500  advances to step  2522 . 
     If enough RPM values were stored, the routine  2500  advances to step  2524 . At step  2524 , load coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  for a best fit algorithm having a second order polynomial are calculated from the plurality of stored P head  values and the plurality of stored pump motor RPM values obtained by the routine  2500 . At step  2524 , the coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  are stored in pump memory  1051  for the pump control processor  1042  and define the pressure loss P loss  curve that provides a varying P loss  value in response to varying RPM values of the inflow pump motor. The P loss  curve is a measured curve based on the large number of P head  and RPM values. The routine  2500  is complete. 
     If the hardware calibration routine  2500  advances to step  2522 , the RPM value of the inflow pump motor is incremented to a new RPM value and output by the pump motor. The routine  2500  returns to decision step  2506  and if P head  is stable, advances to step  2514 . If P head  is less than or equal to the P head  limit value, measured P head  and measured RPM values are again stored at step  2518  and the RPM value output by the pump motor subsequently is increased at step  2522 . Steps  2506 ,  2514 ,  2518 ,  2519  (so long as number of RPM values is not exceeded) and  2522  continue in sequence, and thus the P head  and the RPM values are repeatedly measured and stored until measured P head  is greater than the P head  limit value at step  2514 . Then the hardware calibration routine advances from step  2514  to decision step  2526 . 
     At step  2526 , the hardware calibration routine  2500  determines whether enough RPM values have been stored by the pump control processor. If not enough RPM values were previously stored, the routine  2500  advances to step  2530 . At step  2530 , a new RPM resume value is calculated that typically is less than the RPM value when measured P head  was greater than the P head  limit value. In some embodiments, the RPM resume value is more than 50% less than the measured RPM value when the P head  limit value was exceeded. 
     The hardware calibration routine  2500  advances to step  2534  whereat a new increment RPM value is determined. The amount of the new increment value typically is less than the increment value provided at startup of the routine  2500 . The routine advances to step  2538  whereat the pump motor is driven at the RPM resume value. Thereafter, the routine  2500  advances to decision step  2506  to determine if P head  is stable and repeats steps  2514 ,  2518 ,  2519 ,  2522 ,  2506 ,  2510  as discussed above, until P head  is greater than the P head  limit value at step  2514 . If P head  is greater, the hardware calibration routine advances to decision step  2526 . If enough RPM values and corresponding P head  values are stored, the routine advances to step  2542 . 
     At step  2542 , the hardware calibration routine  2500  operates in the same manner as set forth above with respect to step  2524 . 
     As in earlier embodiments, RPM value of the inflow pump motor and the load coefficients are applied in the second order polynomial equation:
 
 P   loss =COEF 1 ×(RPM value) 2 COEF 2 ×(RPM value).
 
The pressure loss equation thus results in a calculated pressure loss P loss  for a pump system having the endoscope and the inflow cannula with previously unknown hardware properties disposed between the pump and the surgical site of a joint.
 
     Additionally, COEF 1 , COEF 2  and the P loss  curve determine the previously unknown flow resistance of the hardware (endoscope, inflow cannula) being utilized. Further, the pump control processor  1042  calculates a maximum flow for the hardware. 
     The endoscope and the cannula typically are named, for example by manufacturer name and model number. The P loss  curve, coefficients and other information are stored in the pump memory of the pump control processor for future use with an identifier name. Therefore, instead of performing the hardware calibration routine for a future use of the hardware, the identifying name for the hardware is input to the pump control processor and the previously measured P 103 , curve and coefficients are obtained from a look-up table in the pump memory. 
     The hardware properties stored in the pump memory can also be sent to a customizer that is typically remote from the pump system. The customizer adds the identifying name and hardware properties to a data storage. The customizer selectively transfers the identifier name and hardware properties to different pump systems so that hardware calibration need not be repeated for the hardware at a different pump system. A customizer can be a remote PDA type device or other device that stores user preferences and other information. 
     Further, the hardware identifying name and properties are stored by the pump control processor that performed the hardware calibration routine as a preference file. 
     Unlike other embodiments, wherein the inflow coefficient COEF INFL  is determined from the identified hardware, in one embodiment COEF INFL  is determined from a look-up table in view of the values of coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2 . 
     Unidentified Components: 
     Another embodiment of an inflow pump control arrangement is utilized wherein the dimensions and other properties of the inflow tubing  1022 , inflow cannula  1024  and the endoscope  1025  are unknown. In this embodiment, the pump control processor  1042  utilizes a calibration routine or an algorithm as a start-up pump priming routine  3070  as shown by the flowchart in  FIG. 37  to obtain data values that are used to calculate the pressure loss coefficients COEF 1  and COEF 2  that define a P loss  curve. 
     At start-up, the pump priming routine  3070  shown in  FIG. 37  begins. At step  3072 , the inflow pump motor provided with the inflow cassette  1020  operates and ramps up to a particular start point RPM value. The pump control processor  1042  executes the pump priming routine  3070  at decision step  3074 , to determine if P head  is stabilized. If not stable, the priming routine  3070  advances to step  3076 , wherein a predetermined time delay is provided. After the predetermined time delay, the routine  3070  returns to step  3074  and again determines if P head  is stabilized. If not, the routine again advances to step  3076  and repeats steps  3074 ,  3076  as necessary. When P head  is stabilized, the priming routine advances to decision step  3078  wherein measured P head  is compared to a predetermined pressure head limit value. If measured P head  is less than or equal to the pressure head limit value, the routine advances to decision step  3080 . At step  3080 , the RPM value of the inflow pump motor is increased to a starting point and an RPM increment value is set. The pump priming routine  3070  advances to step  3082  whereat a predetermined time delay is executed. Thereafter, the routine advances to decision step  3084 . At step  3084 , the routine determines if P head  is stabilized. If not stable, the routine returns to time delay step  3082 , which is repeated via decision step  3084  until a stabilized P head  is achieved. When P head  is stabilized, the routine advances from step  3084  to step  3086 . 
     At step  3086 , the pump control processor  1042  records the measured P head  value and the corresponding measured RPM value of the inflow pump motor. After storing the values, the routine advances to decision step  3088  wherein the real-time RPM value of the inflow pump motor is compared with a predetermined lower limit RPM value. So long as the lower RPM limit value is not reached, the routine  3070  advances to step  3090 . At step  3090 , the RPM value of the pump motor is decreased by a predetermined increment. Thereafter, the routine advances to decision block  3084 . As discussed above, decision step  3084  provides time delay via step  3082  until P head  stabilizes. Once P head  is stable, the routine again advances to step  3086  whereat the P head  value and the inflow pump motor RPM value are stored in memory by the pump control processor  3042 . Steps  3088 ,  3090 ,  3084 ,  3082  and  3086  are repeated until the measured RPM value of the inflow pump motor is at or below the lower limit RPM value as determined at decision step  3088 . When the lower limit RPM value is reached, the pump priming routine  3070  advances to step  3092 . 
     At step  3092 , load coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  for a best fit algorithm having a second order polynomial are calculated from the plurality of stored P head  values and stored motor RPM values obtained by the routine  3070 . At step  3094 , the coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  are stored in pump memory  1051  for the pump control processor  1042  and define the pressure loss P loss  curve that provides a varying P loss  value in response to varying RPM values of the inflow pump motor. 
     As in the previous embodiment, RPM value of the inflow pump motor and the load coefficients are applied in the equation:
 
 P   loss =COEF1×(RPM value)2+COEF2×(RPM value).
 
     The pressure loss equation thus results in a calculated pressure loss P loss  for a pump system having an unidentified tubing size and length, an unidentified endoscope and an unidentified cannula disposed between the pump and the surgical site of a joint. 
     Unlike other embodiments, in this embodiment pump priming execution is necessary to determine the coefficients COEF 1 , COEF 2  for the second order polynomial equation defining a P loss  curve. 
     As discussed above, and with reference to  FIG. 38 , the pump system  10  or  1010  may also include a miniaturized in-joint sensor  2010  which may include a pressure sensing device and/or a temperature sensing device. The in-joint sensor  2010  is preferably disposable and generally includes an integration component  2012 , a cable  2013 , a sheath  2014  (which can form the inflow cannula  24  or  1024  described above, a part thereof, or can be connected to or integral with the inflow cannula  24  or  1024 ), and in-flow tubing  2021  (which can be connected to or integral with the inflow tube  22  or  1022  described above). The sheath  2014  is preferably tubular in configuration and has a tubular wall  2015  with an inner wall surface  2016  that defines an inner lumen, and an outer wall surface  2018 . The inner lumen extends substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the sheath  2014 . Attached to the inner wall surface  2016  is a shaft  2020 , which is discussed in more detail below. 
     As shown in  FIG. 39 , the integration component  2012  includes a housing outer shell  2022  which defines a majority of the outer structure of the integration component  2012 . The integration component  2012  also includes an inner member  2024  which resides within the outer shell  2022 , an inner ring  2026 , preferably of rubber, which fits within a portion of inner member  2024 , and a proximal member  2028  which fixedly attaches to outer shell  2022 . 
     The housing outer shell  2022  is shown in more detail in  FIG. 40 . The outer shell  2022  is preferably made of ABS, but may be made of any practical substantially rigid substance. The depicted outer shell  2022  includes a generally rounded portion  2030  which terminates at a top  2032  that has a slight radial curve. The top  2032  extends nearly the entire length of the outer shell  2022 . The outer shell terminates distally in a circular aperture  2034  which is sized and shaped to receive and retain the sheath  2014 , and is liquid tight to maintain a fluid seal. The rounded portion  2030  and top  2032  terminate proximally in an opening  2036 . The outer shell  2022  defines an interior space  2038  which is sized and shaped to receive inner member  2024 . 
     The inner member  2024  is shown in  FIG. 41 . The inner member  2024  includes a generally cylindrical portion  2040 , which extends lengthwise over at least a majority of the inner member  2024 . The cylindrical portion  2040  terminates proximally in a rounded end portion  2042  which has a flat top  2044  and has a larger diameter than cylindrical portion  2040 . Together, the cylindrical portion  2040  and the rounded end portion  2042  define an interior space  2046  which is sized and shaped to receive a portion of the in-flow tubing  2021  and inner ring  2026 , as discussed in more detail below. The inner member  2024  also includes a top tray  2048 , which includes a tray inner space  2049  defined by an outer lip  2050 . The top tray  2048  is sized and shaped to receive a portion of a sensor housing and/or cable  2013 . Extending downwardly from the top tray  2048  is a pressure sensor aperture  2052 . The aperture  2052  is defined by a circular edge  2054 , which is preferably countersunk to allow secure attachment of the pressure sensor. Also in the interior surface of the top tray  2048  is a groove  2056  which extends distally from the countersunk portion. The groove  2056  assists in retaining the sensor housing and cable components. 
     An additional component of the integration component  2012  is the inner ring  2026 , shown in detail in  FIG. 42 . The inner ring  2026  includes a circumferential outer portion  2058 . The outer portion  2058  is sized and shaped to fit into and be received by the end portion  2042  of the inner member  2024 . The inner ring  2026  also includes a hub  2060  which defines a central round aperture  2062 . The aperture  2062  receives a portion of in-flow tubing  2021  from the pump. 
     As shown in  FIG. 43 , the proximal member  2028  is generally cylindrical in shape and acts as an end cap of the housing  2012 . The proximal member  2028  includes a generally cylindrical outer shell  2064  which defines an inner space  2066  of the proximal member. In the inner space  2066 , a first concentric ring  2068  extends axially from the proximal end of the proximal member  2028 . A second ring  2070 , which has a smaller diameter than and is concentric with the first ring  2068 , also extends axially from the proximal end of the proximal member  2028 . The second ring  2070  defines a central aperture  2072 , which is sized and shaped to receive a portion of the in-flow tubing  2021 . The central aperture  2072  aligns with central aperture  2062  of the inner ring  2026 , and the interior space  2046  of the inner member  2024 . The outer shell  2064  terminates distally in an inner lip  2074 , which is sized and shaped to be received within the structure of the circular portion  2030  and top  2032  of the outer shell  2022 . An upper ridge  2076  of the proximal member  2028  defines a channel  2078  at the top of the proximal member  2028 . Channel  2078  receives a portion of cable  2013  and/or sensors housing, at least a majority of which resides in the interior of integration component  2012  (see  FIG. 48 ). 
     The in-flow tubing  2021  is shown in  FIG. 44 . The in-flow tubing  2021  generally includes a housing  2080 , a valve  2082 , a seal  2084 , and a flow tube  2086 . The housing  2080  has a continuous opening (not shown) therethrough to allow liquid to flow from the valve  2082 , through the housing  2080 , and into and through the flow tube  2086 . The housing  2080  is fixedly connected to the valve  2082  at one of the sides of the housing  2080 . The valve  2082  is depicted as a standard ball valve, which includes an input port  2088  and a lever  2090  that is movable to open and close the valve. The valve  2082  may be one of a variety of other types of valves, if desired. At its distal end, the housing  2080  is fixedly attached to the flow tube  2086  which extends longitudinally in a distal direction. The longitudinal length of the flow tube  2086  is such a length that its distal tip  2092  resides entirely within the sheath  2014  (see  FIG. 45 ). The seal  2084  attaches to the proximal end of housing  2080  and provides a liquid-tight seal such that liquid may flow freely through the housing  2080  without leaking. 
       FIG. 45  shows the interior of the sheath  2014 , with the flow tube  2086  of the in-flow tubing  2021  inserted therein. Shaft  2020  is preferably integrally formed with the wall  2015  of the sheath  2014 . The shaft  2020  includes a wall  2094  which defines an interiorly-disposed elongated opening  2096 . The shaft wall  2094  has a minimal thickness such that the temperature in the joint or other surgical area can be accurately sensed through the sheath  2014 . The shaft  2020  also allows the temperature sensor to be isolated from the surgical fluid. The elongated opening  2096  is substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sheath  2014 . The elongated opening  2096  is sized to receive a portion of a temperature sensor, discussed in more detail below. The flow tube  2086  includes a generally rigid outer wall  2098  which terminates distally in the distal tip  2092 . The distal tip  2092  tapers inwardly, that is, toward the central longitudinal axis of the flow tube  2086 , as it extends distally. The outer wall  2098  defines an internal fluid flow passageway  2100 . The passageway  2100  is for the conveyance and dissemination of fluids from the pump to the surgical site, such as a joint. 
       FIG. 47  shows the sensors and attached cable  2013 , from the bottom with respect to the preferred arrangement of the sensors in use. Cable  2013  is preferably an Ethernet cable, but can be any cable that is capable of transferring data and enough electricity to ensure that the sensors are activated during surgery. The cable  2013  preferably is soldered directly to the sensor wires and/or solder pads on one end of the cable, and has a connector  2101 , such as an RJ45 connector, at the other end. Attached to cable  2013  is a housing  2102  which contains a pressure sensor  2104 . The pressure sensor  2104  is preferably a peizoresistive transducer and is disposable, along with the remainder of the in-joint sensor  2010 . The pressure sensor  2104  depends from the bottom of the housing  2102  and into the pressure sensor aperture  2052  of the tray  2048 . The pressure sensor is thus adjacent, or extends into, the interior space  2046  of the inner member  2024  (see  FIG. 48 ). The pressure of the fluid is measured by fluid entering the space between the outer wall  2018  of the sheath  2014  and the outer wall  2098  of the flow tube  2086 . Due to the proximity of the pressure sensor  2104  to the surgical site and the static column of fluid between the joint and the pressure sensor, the pressure in the joint can be accurately controlled. It is also contemplated that one of an air-water separator sensor and a membrane-based sensor could be employed to measure and regulate pressure in the joint. 
     A temperature sensor  2106  extends distally from the housing  2102 . The temperature sensor  2106  is generally a wire thermistor that is sensitive to differences in temperature and is connected to the cable  2013  such that temperature information can be relayed from the joint area back to the pump or other device, via the cable  2013 . The temperature sensor  2106  is received in the elongated opening  2096  of the shaft  2020  (see  FIG. 48 ), and preferably extends distally to a location that is adjacent the distal end of the shaft  2020 , such that when in use, the distal end of the temperature sensor  2106  is very near the joint or other bodily part being operated on. Thus, an accurate temperature reading at the surgery site is ensured. 
     The temperature information that is relayed to the pump  14  via cable  2013  can result in the pump  14  taking a number of different actions to maintain the desired temperature in the joint. For example, the inflow of fluid through the sheath  2014  or other structure can be increased, the outflow of fluid from the joint site can be increased, a dedicated outflow pinch valve can be opened to remove heated fluid from the joint quickly, or power to an ablation device can be reduced or eliminated to cool the joint surgical site. 
       FIG. 49  shows a second embodiment of an in-joint sensor. This in-joint sensor  4200  generally includes a cannula  4202  that is attached to in-flow tubing  4204 . The cannula  4202  is generally circular in cross section, and thus tubular in nature (see  FIG. 50 ), and includes a sensing element  4206  adjacent its distal end. Attached to the cannula  4202  (at the top of the cannula as depicted in  FIG. 50 ), is a sheath  4208 . The sheath  4208  is fixedly attached to the cannula  4202  and receives a pressure sensor  4210  and a temperature sensor  4212  near its distal end and one or more fiber optic cables  4214  therethrough. Each of the pressure sensor  4210  and temperature sensor  4212  can have a diameter of about 120 microns to about 140 microns. The fiber optic cable  4214  is attached to each of the pressure sensor  4210  and temperature sensor  4212  at one end of the cable  4214 , and are attached to either the pump control unit or to a converter, which is in turn connected to the pump control unit, at the other end of cable  4214 . 
     The above-described in-joint sensors  2010 ,  4200  may also transmit information wirelessly to a pump control unit or other device. Such a wireless system eliminates the need for wires or a cable such as cable  2013 . In this embodiment, both the pressure sensing device and the temperature sensing device are connected to a miniature printed circuit board (PCB)  4220 , which could be of the type that is flexible to conform to the shape of the device, which would minimize space requirement and which comprises or is connected to a wireless transmitter  4222 . See  FIG. 51 . The PCB  4220  contains a disposable wireless chipset and necessary circuitry to read the information conveyed by the pressure and temperature sensing devices. 
     The wireless device uses components such that the current draw is minimal to operate the devices. Accordingly, a miniature battery  4224  can be used to run the sensors and the wireless transmitter  4222  throughout the duration of a procedure. 
     In use, the pressure and temperature sensors  2020 ,  2104  receive data which is gathered by the PCB  4220  and processed by a micro-control on the PCB  4220 . The transmitter  4222  sends the data wirelessly to a receiver on the control unit or other diagnostic device. The receiver may include a standard USB connector for easy connection to a control device. 
     A third embodiment of an in-joint sensor  5200  is shown in  FIGS. 52, 53A, and 53B . The in-joint sensor  5200  is a needle-scopic sensor that includes an outer housing  5202 , which is generally frustoconical in shape and which has a cannula  5204  therein. On its exterior, the housing  5202  has a spiral grip  5206 . The grip  5206  provides friction with tissue to assist in retaining the needle-scopic sensor system  5200  in place. Adjacent its proximal end, the needle-scopic sensor system  5200  includes a sensor assembly housing  5208  which may include a pressure sensor such as that shown as  2104  in  FIG. 47 , and other needed electronics, including if desired, a miniature PCB for wireless transmission. Alternatively, the sensing device  5200  has a cable  5210  attached to it, for connection to the pump console. 
       FIG. 53A  is an end view of a first embodiment of the sensor system  5200 . A thermistor  5212 , or other temperature sensing element, extends lengthwise within the cannula  5204 . In addition to the thermistor  5212 , the cannula  5204  defines a channel  5214  therein for receiving fluid for the purpose of sensing pressure in a similar fashion to the first sensor embodiment depicted in  FIGS. 38-48 . 
     Alternatively, a microfiber optic pressure and temperature sensor array, shown in  FIG. 53B  and similar to that of the second embodiment depicted in  FIGS. 49-51 , may be used. In this embodiment, a solid inner housing  5216  extends throughout the length of the outer housing  5202 . The inner housing  5216  has therein a fiber optic temperature sensor  5218  and a fiber optic pressure sensor  5220 . The fiber optic sensors  5218 ,  5220  are embedded in the inner housing  5216 , leaving no open channel therein. 
     The above-described in-joint sensor unit has many advantages over presently commercial joint sensors. First, the novel in-joint sensor is disposable, thus reducing labor costs by eliminating cleaning and sterilization of a cannula and other components. Second, this in-joint sensor allows for direct measurement of in-joint pressure and temperature, which improves the control of the pump. Third, the inventive disposable in-joint sensor eliminates the need for pressure and/or temperature calibration since the inter-articular pressure and temperature are measured directly. 
     It is to be understood that variations and modifications can be made on the aforementioned embodiments without departing from the concepts of the present invention. For example, it is contemplated that many of the steps of the routines can be revised and provide the same functions. Further, the order of the steps can be changed in many instances. Furthermore, it is to be understood that such concepts are intended to be covered by the following claims unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.