Patent Publication Number: US-11394108-B2

Title: Antenna device

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an antenna device including a broadband antenna based on a bow-tie antenna. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In recent years, there have been growing demands of placing a broadband antenna for telematics (hereinafter, referred to as “TEL”) and an antenna for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) on vehicles. 
     PRIOR ART LITERATURE 
     Patent Literature 
     [Patent Literature 1] JP-A-2011-193432 
     Patent Literature 1 discloses an example of a bow-tie antenna having a configuration designed to realize miniaturization of the antenna. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     When the TEL antenna and the GNSS antenna are composite, there has conventionally been problems in that broadening the band of the TEL antenna and controlling the directional gain of the TEL antenna are difficult. Additionally, the improvement in broadband characteristics of the TEL antenna has not yet been studied sufficiently. 
     The present invention has been made based on the recognition of these situations, and an object of the present invention is to provide a broadband antenna device for use over a broad frequency band. 
     Problem to be Solved by the Invention 
     A first aspect of the present invention is a composite antenna device. This composite antenna device includes a broadband antenna based on a bow-tie antenna including a first conductor element and a second conductor element which extend in opposite directions to each other with respect to a feeding point, and a patch antenna provided on the first conductor element or the second conductor element. 
     In the first aspect, the first conductor element or the second conductor element may perform as a ground of the patch antenna. 
     In the first aspect, assuming that orthogonal three axes are referred to as an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the first conductor element may have a portion extending in a positive Z direction from the feeding point and being substantially parallel to an X-Z plane, and the second conductor element may have a portion extending in a negative Z direction from the feeding point and being substantially parallel to the X-Z plane, and at least one of the first conductor element and the second conductor element may have a first portion lying near the feeding point and a second portion extending from the first portion so as to have an area being non-parallel to the first portion. Additionally, the second portion may extend from the first portion so as to be substantially parallel to an X-Y plane or to form an angle equal to or smaller than 90 degrees between the first portion and the second portion. 
     The first conductor element may have a first portion lying near the feeding point, the first portion extending in the positive Z direction from the feeding point and being substantially parallel to the X-Z plane, and a second portion extending substantially parallel to the X-Y plane from the first portion, and the patch antenna may be provided on the second portion of the first conductor element. 
     Ribs may be formed in both side positions of the patch antenna so as to rise in the positive Z direction from the second portion of the first conductor element, and a cutaway may be provided at portions of the ribs opposing both side surfaces of the patch antenna. 
     In the first aspect, at least one of the first conductor element and the second conductor element may have a curved contour projecting towards the feeding point so as to narrow areas of opposite gaps defined between the first conductor element and the second conductor element. 
     In the first aspect, the composite antenna device may include a coaxial cable which feeds the broadband antenna, another coaxial cable which feeds the patch antenna, and a magnetic core which is provided at an outer circumference of the coaxial cables. 
     A broadband antenna circuit board may be interposed between the broadband antenna and the coaxial cable which feeds the broadband antenna, and a ground of the broadband antenna circuit board may be overlapped on the first conductor element so as to be integrally connected with the first conductor element. 
     A second aspect of the present invention is an antenna device. This antenna device includes a broadband antenna based on a bow-tie antenna including a first conductor element and a second conductor element which extend in opposite directions to each other with respect to a feeding point, and at least one of the first conductor element and the second conductor element has a curved contour projecting towards the feeding point so as to narrow areas of opposite gaps defined between the first conductor element and the second conductor element. 
     In the second aspect, when orthogonal three axes are referred to as an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, the first conductor element may have a portion extending in a positive Z direction from the feeding point and being substantially parallel to an X-Z plane, and the second conductor element may have a portion extending in a negative Z direction from the feeding point and being substantially parallel to the X-Z plane, and at least one of the first conductor element and the second conductor element may have a first portion lying near the feeding point and a second portion extending from the first portion so as to have an area being non-parallel to the first portion. Additionally, the second portion may extend from the first portion so as to be substantially parallel to an X-Y plane or to form an angle equal to or smaller than 90 degrees between the first portion and the second portion. 
     The antenna device may have a third portion extending from the second portion so as to have an area being non-parallel to the second portion. 
     In the second aspect, a broadband antenna circuit board may be interposed between the broadband antenna and the coaxial cable which feeds the broadband antenna, and a ground of the broadband antenna circuit board may be overlapped on the first conductor element or the second conductor element so as to be integrally connected with the first conductor element or the second conductor element. 
     An arbitrary combination of the constituent elements that have been described above and a method or a system resulting from changing the expressions or representations made in the present invention will also be effective as aspects of the present invention. 
     Advantageous Effects of the Invention 
     According to the present invention, the broadband antenna device including the bow-tie antenna, which can be used as a TEL antenna to be set on a vehicle, for example, can be realized. Additionally, it is possible to make the antenna device composite by providing the patch antenna, which is applicable for use as a GNSS antenna, in a part of the broadband antenna based on the bow-tie antenna. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a front perspective view of a first embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention as seen down obliquely from a top view point. 
         FIG. 2  is a rear perspective view of the same embodiment as seen up from a bottom view point. 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view of the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a bottom view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 5  is a front view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 6  is a rear view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a right side view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 8  is a left side view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 9A  is a rear view of a TEL antenna circuit board in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 9B  is an enlarged perspective view showing a portion of a first plate-like metal and a second plate-like metal of a TEL antenna of the first embodiment including a feeding point. 
         FIG. 10  is a bottom view of a GNSS antenna circuit board of the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 11  is an arrangement diagram when measuring antenna gains or the like in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 12  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of a VSWR, which is antenna characteristics of the TEL antenna in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of an average gain (dBic) of θ polarization (vertical polarization) at θ=90° (horizontal plane), which is antenna characteristics of the TEL antenna in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 14  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of a VSWR, which is antenna characteristics of a GNSS antenna excluding a low noise amplifying module in the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 15  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of an axial ratio (dB) of a right-handed polarized wave at θ=0° in the same GNSS antenna. 
         FIG. 16  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of a gain (dBic) of a right-handed polarized wave at θ=0° in the same GNSS antenna. 
         FIGS. 17A to 17C  show exemplary drawings depicting examples of a shape of the first conductor element and the second conductor element (antenna elements) of a bow-tie antenna. 
         FIG. 18  is a graph showing a relationship between VSWR and d/λ (where, d=a width of each conductor element, λ=a wavelength of TEL radio wave) when using conductor element shapes  1  to  3  shown in  FIGS. 17A to 17C  as parameters. 
         FIGS. 19A to 19C  show exemplary drawings depicting other shape examples of the first element and the second conductor element of the bow-tie antenna. 
         FIG. 20  is a graph showing a relationship between VSWR and d/λ when using the conductor element shapes  3 ,  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  shown in  FIGS. 19A to 19C  as parameters. 
         FIG. 21  is a front perspective view of a second embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention as seen down obliquely from a top view point. 
         FIG. 22  is a rear perspective view of the same embodiment as seen up from a bottom view point. 
         FIG. 23  is a front view of the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 24  is a rear view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 25  is a plan view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 26  is a bottom view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 27  is a right side view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 28  is a left side view of the same embodiment. 
         FIG. 29A  is a perspective view showing a first plate-like metal and a second plate-like metal of a TEL antenna of the second embodiment, with a portion including a feeding point enlarged. 
         FIG. 29B  is an arrangement diagram of the antenna device when measuring antenna gains or the like in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 30  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of a VSWR, which is antenna characteristics of the TEL antenna in the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 31  is a graph showing frequency characteristics of an average gain (dBic) of θ polarization (vertical polarization) at θ=90° (horizontal plane), which is antenna characteristics of the TEL antenna in the second embodiment. 
     
    
    
     MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     Hereinafter, referring to drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Same reference numerals will be given to same or equivalent constituent elements, members and processes shown in the drawings, whereby the duplication of the same or similar descriptions will be omitted as required. These embodiments are not intended to limit the invention but to describe examples of the invention. Thus, all characteristics described in the embodiments or combinations thereof do not always constitute essential matters of the invention. 
       FIGS. 1 to 8  show a composite antenna device  1 , which is an embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention. In this composite antenna device  1 , a patch antenna  50  performing as a GNSS antenna is provided on a conductor element (an antenna element) of a TEL broadband antenna  10  which is based on a bow-tie antenna. As a matter of convenience in description, as shown in  FIGS. 1 and 11 , three orthogonal axes which are an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis are defined with respect to the composite antenna device  1 . In addition, in  FIG. 11 , the Z axis and an observation point form an angle of θ°. A straight line connecting an origin and an intersection point between a perpendicular drawn down from the observation point to an X-Y plane and the X-Y plane and the X axis form an azimuthal angle  4 ). Here, as a matter of convenience in description, the description may be made, from time to time, based on understanding: the positive Z direction corresponds to an upward direction; and the negative Z direction corresponds to a downward direction. 
     The TEL broadband antenna  10  based on the bow-tie antenna includes a first plate-like metal  20  performing as a first conductor element, a second plate-like metal  30  performing as a second conductor element, and a TEL antenna circuit board  40  performing as a broadband antenna circuit board. The first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30  extend in opposite directions to each other with respect to a feeding point  45 , which will be described later. 
     The first plate-like metal  20  has a first portion  21  and a second portion  22 . The first portion  21  extends in the positive Z direction from the feeding point  45 , is substantially parallel to an X-Z plane, and has a shape approximate to a triangular shape one of vertexes of which is the feeding point  45 , a semi-circular shape or a semi-elliptic shape. The second portion  22  is bent from the first portion  21  to be substantially parallel to the X-Y plane. Ribs  23 ,  24  are formed to rise in the positive Z direction in positions at both sides of the second portion  22  which are spaced apart from each other in the Y-axis direction. The second portion  22  is bent substantially perpendicular to the first portion from a position which is one level lower than an upper edge of the first portion  21 , and the rib  23  is made up of an upper edge portion of the first portion  21 . 
     The second plate-like metal  30  has a shape which extends in the negative Z direction from the feeding point  45  and which is substantially parallel to the X-Z plane. The shape of the second plate-like metal  30  is approximate to a triangular shape one of vertexes of which is the feeding point  45 , a semi-circular shape or a semi-elliptic shape. 
     The first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30  of the TEL broadband antenna  10  are fixed to a radome  60  which is made of a resin enabling radio wave to permeate it. A TEL antenna circuit board  40  shown in  FIG. 9A  is connected to feeding sides of the first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30 , and the first plate-like metal  20  and the TEL antenna circuit board  40  are accommodated within the radome  60 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 9A , the TEL antenna circuit board  40  for impedance matching includes a matching circuit  41  which has strip-shaped conductor patterns P 1 , P 2 , P 3  (a rear surface of the circuit board constitutes a ground pattern, so as to make up a microstripline), chip capacitors C 1 , C 2 , and chip coils L 1 , L 2  which are provided on the circuit board  40 . The chip coil L 1  is connected between the strip-shaped conductor patterns P 1 , P 2 , and the chip capacitor C 2  is connected between the belt-shaped conductor patterns P 2 , P 3 . The rear surface of the surface of the TEL antenna circuit board  40  shown in  FIG. 9A  constitutes the ground pattern. The chip capacitor C 1  is connected between the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 2  and the ground pattern, and the chip coil L 2  is connected between the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 3  and the ground pattern. 
     A center conductor  47   a  of a coaxial cable  47 , which is a feeding line configured to feed the TEL broadband antenna  10 , is connected to the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 1 , and an outer conductor  47   b  of the coaxial cable  47  is connected to the ground pattern. That is, the coaxial cable  47  is connected to a feed-side end portion  20   a  of the first plate-like metal  20  and a feed-side end portion  30   a  of the second plate-like metal  30  via the matching circuit  41 . The feed-side end portion  20   a  of the first plate-like metal  20  shown in  FIG. 9B  is electrically connected to the ground pattern on the rear surface of the TEL antenna circuit board  40  so as to overlap the ground pattern. The feed-side end portion  30   a  of the second plate-like metal  30  is connected to the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 3  shown in  FIG. 9A . Here, the connecting point between the feed-side end portion  30   a  of the second plate-like metal  30  and the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 3  shown in  FIG. 9A  constitutes the feeding point  45 , the center conductor  47   a  of the coaxial cable  47  is electrically connected to the second plate-like metal  30 , and the outer conductor  47   b  is electrically connected to the first plate-like metal  20 . 
     The patch antenna  50 , which performs as the GNSS antenna, is provided on the second portion  22  of the first plate-like metal  20  which is parallel to the X-Y plane. The patch antenna  50  has a patch antenna element  51  in which a square conductor  52  is provided on an upper surface of a dielectric and a GNSS antenna circuit board  55  which is provided on a lower surface of the second portion  22 . The second portion  22  constitutes a ground conductor plate on a bottom surface side of the patch antenna element  51 . These constituent elements of the patch antenna  50  are accommodated in the radome  60 . Cutaways  23   a ,  24   a  are respectively formed in the ribs  23 ,  24  provided at both the sides of the second portion  22 . The cutaways  23   a ,  24   a  oppose both side surfaces of the patch antenna element  51  which are orthogonal to the Y-axis direction so as not to prevent the passage of a magnetic flux of a radio wave which the patch antenna  50  receives. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  includes strip-shaped conductor patterns P 11 , P 12 , P 13 , P 14  (a rear surface of the circuit board constitutes a ground pattern, so as to make up a microstripline), a chip coil L 11  connecting one of branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  and the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 12 , a chip coil L 12  connecting together the strip-shaped conductor patterns P 12  and P 13 , a chip coil L 13  connecting the other of the branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  and the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 14 , chip capacitors C 11 , C 12 , C 13 , C 14 , C 15 , C 16 , and a chip resistance R 1  between the strip-shaped conductor patterns P 12 , P 14 . The rear surface of the surface of the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  shown in  FIG. 10  constitutes the ground pattern. The chip capacitor C 11  is connected between the one of the branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  and the ground pattern. The chip capacitors C 12 , C 13  are connected between the belt-shaped conductor pattern P 12  and the ground pattern. The chip capacitor C 14  is connected between the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 13  and the ground pattern. The chip capacitor C 15  is connected between the other of the branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  and the ground pattern. The chip capacitor C 16  is connected between the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 14  and the ground pattern. A transmission line (a portion including the chip coil L 11  and the chip capacitors C 11 , C 12 ) of the one of the branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  which is branched into the two conductor patterns and a transmission line (a portion including the chip coil L 13  and the chip capacitors C 15 , C 16 ) of the other of the branched patterns of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  make up a coupling circuit  58 . The chip coil L 12 , the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 13  and the chip capacitors C 13 , C 14  configure a phase adjusting circuit  59 . Two feeding pins  53   a ,  53   b  connected to the square conductor  52  of the patch antenna element  51  for receiving a circularly polarized wave are provided so as to penetrate the patch antenna element  51  and through holes  22   a ,  22   b  ( FIG. 9B ) of the second portion  22 , and to penetrate the GNSS antenna circuit board  55 . The feeding pins  53   a ,  53   b  are connected to the strip-shaped conductor patterns P 13 , P 14 , respectively, at a feeding portion  56 . In addition, the ground pattern on the rear surface of the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  is overlapped on the second portion of the first plate-like metal  20  to be electrically connected to the second portion, whereby the first plate-like metal  20  performs as a ground of the patch antenna  50 . Although a band-pass filter or a low noise amplifying module may be provided further on the GNSS antenna circuit board  55 , they are omitted in this embodiment. 
     A center conductor  57   a  of a coaxial cable  57 , which performs as a feeding line for feeding the patch antenna  50 , is connected to a pattern of the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  which is disposed on a side thereof where the strip-shaped conductor pattern P 11  is not branched, and an outer conductor  57   b  of the coaxial cable  57  is connected to the ground pattern. That is, the coaxial cable  57  is electrically connected to the two feeding pins  53   a ,  53   b  on the patch antenna  50  via the coupling circuit  58  and the phase adjusting circuit  59  which are disposed on the GNSS antenna circuit board  55 . The two feeding pins  53   a ,  53   b  are connected to the square conductor  52  of the patch antenna element  51 . 
     A conductor shield case  70  is disposed and fixed to the bottom surface of the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  so as to cover the lower surface of the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  to prevent unnecessary connections. 
     Magnetic cores  75 ,  76  (for example, ferrite cores) are provided on outer circumferences of the coaxial cables  47 ,  57 , respectively (the coaxial cables  47 ,  57  penetrate through the magnetic cores  75 ,  76 , respectively), in order to suppress that a leak current flows to outer conductors of the coaxial cables  47 ,  57 . The magnetic cores  75 ,  76  are also preferably accommodated in the radome  60 . 
     The TEL broadband antenna  10  based on the bow-tie antenna, which is provided in the composite antenna device  1 , performs both a transmitting operation and a receiving operation. Here, it is described a case that the TEL broadband antenna  10  performs as a transmission antenna. Firstly, a high-frequency signal is propagated through the coaxial cable  47 , then, is propagated through the microstrip line on the TEL antenna circuit board  40  and is finally fed to the first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30  of the TEL broadband antenna  10  so as to be emitted to an external space as a radio wave. 
     The patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna, which is provided in the composite antenna device  1 , performs a receiving operation. Firstly, the patch antenna  50  receives a corresponding satellite wave. Next, the high-frequency signal propagated from the patch antenna  50  to the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  is propagated through the phase adjusting circuit  59  and the coupling circuit  58  (and such circuits as a band-pass filter and a low noise amplifying module which are provided as required), and is finally propagated from the GNSS antenna circuit board  55  to the coaxial cable  57 , whereby the high-frequency signal is output to an external unit. 
       FIG. 12  shows frequency characteristics of a VSWR of the TEL broadband antenna  10  based on the bow-tie antenna according to the present embodiment, and a sufficiently low VSWR can be realized over a broad frequency band (699 to 3800 MHz) of the Long Term Evolution (LTE). This result is obtained in a condition that a coaxial cable of a characteristic impedance of 50Ω is connected. 
     When the composite antenna device  1  is disposed as shown in  FIG. 11  and the positive Z direction of the Z axis is referred to as a zenith direction, the TEL broadband antenna  10  has a high average gain of θ polarization at θ=90° (horizontal plane) as shown in  FIG. 13 . In addition, the gain deviation becomes small at the azimuthal angle ϕ. 
       FIG. 13  shows frequency characteristics of the average gain (dBic) of θ polarization (vertical polarization) at θ=90° (horizontal plane) of the TEL broadband antenna  10 , and a sufficient average gain can be ensured over a desired frequency band of the LTE. The average gain (dBic) is an average value of the gain when the azimuthal angle ϕ shown in  FIG. 11  is changed from 0° to 360°. 
       FIG. 14  shows frequency characteristics of a VSWR of the patch antenna  50  which performs as the GNSS antenna excluding a low noise amplifying module according to the present embodiment, and a sufficiently low VSWR can be realized over the frequency bands of GPS (Global Positioning System: a frequency band of 1575.397 to 1576.443 MHz) and GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System: a frequency band of 1597.807 to 1605.6305 MHz). This result is obtained in a condition that a coaxial cable of a characteristic impedance of 50Ω is connected. 
     When the composite antenna device  1  is disposed as shown in  FIG. 11  and the positive Z direction of the Z axis is referred to as the zenith direction, the patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna has a high gain of a right-handed polarized wave in the zenith direction as shown in  FIGS. 15 and 16 . 
       FIG. 15  shows frequency characteristics of an axial ratio (dB) of a right-handed polarized wave at θ=0° of the patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna shown in the present embodiment, and a sufficiently good axial ratio is obtained over the frequency bands of GPS and GLONASS. 
       FIG. 16  shows frequency characteristics of a gain (dBic) of the right-handed polarized wave at θ=0° of the patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna shown in the present embodiment, and a sufficiently good gain is obtained over the frequency bands of GPS and GLONASS. 
     According to the present embodiment, the following advantageous effects can be provided. 
     (1) The TEL broadband antenna  10  is configured based on the bow-tie antenna which includes the first plate-like metal  20  performing as the first conductor element and the second plate-like metal  30  performing as the second conductor element, the first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30  extending in the opposite directions to each other with respect to the feeding point. The patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna is provided on the first plate-like metal  20 , and the first plate-like metal  20  performs as the ground of the patch antenna  50 . Thus, the composite antenna device is obtained which is small in size and able to be used over the broad frequency band. 
     (2) The first plate-like metal  20  of the TEL broadband antenna  10  includes the first portion  21  at the feed side and the second portion  22  which is bent at right angles from the first portion  21 , and the patch antenna  50  is provided on the second portion  22 . Thus, when main parts of the first plate-like metal  20  and the second plate-like metal  30  of the TEL broadband antenna  10  are disposed vertically (with the positive Z direction of the Z axis directed towards the zenith) so as to transmit and receive a vertically polarized wave, the upper surface (the surface on which the square conductor  52  is disposed) of the GNSS patch antenna  50  can be directed towards the θ=0° direction which is suitable for receiving a radio wave from a satellite. 
     In other words, with the TEL broadband antenna  10  based on the bow-tie antenna, the average gain of θ polarization (vertically polarization) is high at θ=90° (horizontal plane), and the gain deviation is small at the azimuthal angle ϕ. Thus, the TEL broadband antenna  10  for a vehicle works advantageously in communication with a TEL base station in a state where it is not known that a direction of the TEL base station exists in the azimuthal angle ϕ shown in  FIG. 11 . Additionally, with the patch antenna  50  performing as the GNSS antenna, the gain of a right-handed polarized wave is high in the zenith direction. Thus, the patch antenna  50  works advantageously in communication using a satellite wave. 
     (3) The ribs  23 ,  24  are formed to rise in the positive Z direction on the second portion  22  of the first plate-like metal  20  in the positions at both the sides of the second portion  22  which are spaced away from each other in the Y-axis direction of the patch antenna  50 . This can increase the overall area of the first plate-like metal  20 , so as to contribute to improvement in sensitivity. Additionally, the cutaways  23   a ,  24   a  are provided in the portions of the ribs  23 ,  24  which oppose both the side surfaces of the patch antenna  50  orthogonal to the Y-axis direction. This can prevent the passage of a magnetic flux of a radio wave received by the patch antenna  50  from being interrupted, thereby making it possible to avoid a reduction in performance of the patch antenna  50 . Additionally, by adjusting the size of the cutaways  23   a ,  24   a , the resonance frequency of the patch antenna  50  can be adjusted. 
     (4) The magnetic cores  75 ,  76  are provided respectively on the outer circumferences of the coaxial cables  47 ,  57  which respectively feed the TEL broadband antenna  10  and the patch antenna  50 , thereby it is possible to prevent that a leak current flows to the outer conductors of the coaxial cables  47 ,  57 . 
     (5) As is seen from  FIGS. 2 and 6 , the first plate-like metal  20  of the TEL broadband antenna  10  overlaps the TEL antenna circuit board  40 , and the first plate-like metal  20  is connected to the ground of the circuit board  40  into the integral unit, whereby the structure is made simple. Unless this configuration is provided, a circuit element including a conductor like a circuit board, for example, needs to be provided in the vicinity of an outer side of the antenna element. This causes a problem in that the antenna characteristics are affected to be deteriorated by the conductor. 
       FIGS. 17A to 17C  show a basic shape (Shape  1 ) and modified examples (Shapes  2 ,  3 ) of a bow-tie antenna having a pair of conductor elements extending in opposite directions to each other with respect to a feeding point. For the sake of a simple analysis, here, the pair of conductor elements has the same shape (congruence) and are disposed symmetrical with respect to the feeding point. 
     The shape  1  in  FIG. 17A  is a triangle in which a feeding point is disposed at a vertex of the triangle. The shape  2  in  FIG. 17B  has a contour in which two sides of a triangle sandwiching a vertex therebetween are deformed rectilinearly so as to project outwards (in other words, a contour narrows areas of opposite gaps defined between the pair of conductor elements). The shape  3  in  FIG. 17C , is a semi-circular conductor element having a curved contour which protrudes towards the feeding point so as to narrow areas of opposite gaps defined between the pair of conductor elements. Further, a semi-elliptic conductor element may also be adopted. As the areas of the opposite gaps defined between the pair of conductor elements get smaller and the capacitance between the pair of conductor elements gets larger, a better band characteristic can be obtained over a wide band. 
     In addition, in  FIGS. 17A to 17C , when increasing the areas of the pair of conductor elements, a drastic fluctuation in impedance characteristics caused by a non-similitude change can be suppressed more easily with a curved contour than with a rectilinear contour when the frequency changes. 
       FIG. 18  is a graph showing a relationship between VSWR and d/λ (where, d=a width of each conductor element, d/2=a length of each conductor element, λ=a wavelength of TEL radio wave) when using the shapes  1  to  3  as parameters, and it is understood that the VSWR remains lower and more stable with the shape  2  than with the shape  1  and remains further lower and more stable with the shape  3  than with the shape  2 . This result is obtained when the coaxial cable of the characteristic impedance of 50Ω is connected. 
       FIGS. 19A to 19C  show configurations (Shapes  3 - 1 ,  3 - 2 ) in which inductance and capacitance are enhanced without increasing a height with respect to the shape  3  which uses the pair of semi-circular conductor elements (the semi-circle of a radius of 2/d), and they can be adopted as conductor elements for the TEL broadband antenna  10  of the first embodiment. 
       FIG. 19A  shows the shape  3  described above, in which the pair of conductor elements  80 ,  90  disposed opposite to each other with respect to the feeding point have the semi-circular shape. The shape  3 - 1  shown in  FIG. 19B  has a configuration that one conductor element  90  has a semi-circular first portion  91  which lies near the feeding point and a second portion  92  which extends from the first portion  91  so as to form an angle substantially equal to 90 degrees or an angle equal to or smaller than 90 degrees. The shape  3 - 2  in  FIG. 19C  has a configuration that the other conductor element  80  also has a semi-circular first portion  81  which lies near the feeding point and a second portion  82  which extends from the first portion  81  so as to form an angle of substantially equal to 90 degrees or an angle equal to or smaller than 90 degrees. 
       FIG. 20  is a graph showing a relationship between VSWR and d/λ when using the shapes  3 ,  3 - 1  and  3 - 2  as parameters. It is understood that the VSWR remains lower and more stable with the shape  3 - 1  than with the shape  3  to a low frequency band and remains further lower and more stable with the shape  3 - 2  than with the shape  3 - 1  to a lower frequency band. This result is obtained when the coaxial cable of the characteristic impedance of 50Ω is connected. 
       FIGS. 21 to 28  show a second embodiment of an antenna device according to the present invention, which is an antenna device  2  including a TEL broadband antenna  100  based on a bow-tie antenna. As a matter of convenience in description, as shown in  FIGS. 21 and 29B , orthogonal axes, which are an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis, are defined with respect to the antenna device  2 . In addition, in  FIG. 29B , the Z axis and an observation point form an angle of θ°. A straight line connecting an origin and an intersection point between a perpendicular drawn down from the observation point to an X-Y plane and the X-Y plane and the X axis form an azimuthal angle  4 ). 
     The TEL broadband antenna  100  based on the bow-tie antenna includes a first plate-like metal  120  performing as a first conductor element, a second plate-like metal  130  performing as a second conductor element, and a TEL antenna circuit board  40  (having the same structure as the first embodiment shown in  FIG. 9A ) performing as a broadband antenna circuit board, and the first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130  extend in opposite directions to each other with respect to a feeding point  145 . 
     The first plate-like metal  120  has a first portion  121 , a second portion  122 , and further a third portion  123 . The first portion  121  extends in a positive Z direction from the feeding point  145 , is substantially parallel to an X-Z plane and has a substantially semi-circular or substantially semi-elliptic shape in which the feeding point  145  constitutes its apex. The second portion  122  is bent from the first portion  121  in a negative Y direction so as to be substantially parallel to the X-Y plane and extends in the negative Y direction. The third portion  123  is bent from the second portion  122  in a negative Z direction and extends in the negative Z direction. 
     The second plate-like metal  130  is constructed symmetrically with the first plate-like metal  120  with respect to the feeding point  145  and has a first portion  131 , a second portion  132 , and further a third portion  133 . The first portion  131  extends in the negative Z direction from the feeding point  145 , is substantially parallel to the X-Z plane, and has a substantially semi-circular or substantially semi-elliptic shape in which the feeding point  145  constitutes its apex. The second portion  132  is bent from the first portion  131  in the negative Y direction so as to be substantially parallel to the X-Y plane and extends in the negative Y direction. The third portion  133  is bent from the second portion  132  in the positive Z direction and extends in the positive Z direction. 
     The first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130  of the TEL broadband antenna  100  are fixed to a radome  160  which is made of resin enabling radio wave to permeate it. The TEL antenna circuit board  40  shown in  FIG. 9A  is connected to feeding sides of the first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130 . The first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130  and the TEL antenna circuit board  40  are accommodated in the radome  160 . 
     The TEL antenna circuit board  40  for impedance matching is shown in  FIG. 9A  in the first embodiment, and the matching circuit is mounted on the TEL antenna circuit board  40 . The TEL broadband antenna  100  and a coaxial cable  47  are connected together via the TEL antenna circuit board  40 . That is, the coaxial cable  47  is connected to a feed-side end portion  120   a  of the first plate-like metal  120  and a feed-side end portion  130   a  of the second plate-like metal  130 , which are both shown in  FIG. 29A , via the matching circuit  41 . As is understood from  FIGS. 22 and 24 , the first plate-like metal  120  of the TEL broadband antenna  100  overlaps the TEL antenna circuit board  40 , and the first plate-like metal  120  and a ground of the circuit board  40  are connected together into an integral unit. 
     A magnetic core  75  (for example, a ferrite core) is provided on an outer circumference of the coaxial cable  47  so as to suppress that a leak current flows to an outer conductor of the coaxial cable  47 . The magnetic core  75  is also preferably accommodated in the radome  160 . 
       FIG. 30  shows frequency characteristics of a VSWR of the TEL broadband antenna  100  based on the bow-tie antenna according to the second embodiment, and a sufficiently low VSWR can be realized over a broad frequency band of the LTE. This result is obtained in a condition that the coaxial cable of the characteristic impedance of 50Ω is connected. 
     When the antenna device  2  of the second embodiment is disposed as shown in  FIG. 29B  and the positive Z direction of the Z axis is referred to as the zenith direction, the TEL broadband antenna  100  has a high average gain of θ polarization at θ=90° (horizontal plane) as shown in  FIG. 31 . The gain deviation becomes small at the azimuthal angle ϕ. 
       FIG. 31  shows frequency characteristics of the average gain (dBic) of θ polarization (vertical polarization) at θ=90° (horizontal plane) of the TEL broadband antenna  100 , and a sufficient average gain can be ensured over the frequency band of the LTE. In addition, the average gain (dBic) is an average value of the gain when the azimuthal angle ϕ shown in  FIG. 29B  is changed from 0° to 360°. 
     According to the configuration of the antenna device  2  described in the second embodiment, the first portions  121 ,  131  of the first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130  which extend in the opposite directions with respect to the feeding point  145  have the substantially semi-circular or substantially semi-elliptic shape having the curved contour protruding towards the feeding point  145 . Further, the second portions  122 ,  132  and the third portions  123 ,  133  which are bent from the first portions  121 ,  131  are provided. This configuration can increase capacitance and inductance to realize an improvement in characteristics in a lower frequency band, whereby the external shape of the antenna device  2  can be lowered in height. 
     Thus, while the present invention has been described heretofore by reference to the embodiments, it is understandable to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains that various modifications can be made to the constituent elements or the treatment processes of the embodiments without departing from the scope of claims. Hereinafter, modified examples will briefly be described. 
     When the antenna device of each embodiment is mounted on a vehicle, it is normal that the antenna device is disposed so that the X-Y plane shown in  FIGS. 1, 11 and 29B  becomes horizontal and the positive Z direction of the Z axis is directed towards the zenith. However, the present invention is not limited to such an antenna arrangement, and hence, the arrangement of the antenna device can be changed according to applications. 
     In each of the embodiments, in the plate-like metals which perform as the conductor elements of the broadband antenna based on the bow-tie antenna, the second portion is formed by being bent from the first portion as an example. However, the second portion may be curved from the first portion. Also in the second embodiment, there will be no problem even when the third portion is curved from the second portion. 
     In the first embodiment, the main parts of the conductor elements of the broadband antenna  10  based on the bow-tie antenna are disposed along the Z axis, and the patch antenna  50  is disposed on the plane which is substantially at right angles to the Z axis. However, the broadband antenna  10  and the patch antenna  50  may both be disposed at an arbitrary setting angle. 
     In the second embodiment, the first plate-like metal  120  and the second plate-like metal  130  have substantially the same shape. However, one of the plate-like metals may have such a shape which is the shapes  1  to  3  shown in  FIGS. 17A to 17C  without an extending portion for example. 
     The circuit configurations of the TEL antenna circuit board and the GNSS antenna circuit board in each of the embodiments are described as examples and hence can be modified as required. 
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           1  composite antenna device 
           2  antenna device 
           10 ,  100  TEL broadband antenna 
           20 ,  120  first plate-like metal 
           21 ,  121 ,  131  first portion 
           22 ,  122 ,  132  second portion 
           23 ,  24  rib 
           23   a ,  24   a  cutaway 
           30 ,  130  second plate-like metal 
           40  TEL antenna circuit board 
           41  matching circuit 
           45 ,  145  feeding point 
           47 ,  57  coaxial cable 
           50  patch antenna 
           51  patch antenna element 
           55  GNSS antenna circuit board 
           60 ,  160  radome 
           70  shield case