Patent Publication Number: US-7214894-B1

Title: Switching apparatus

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to switching apparatus having an operation knob which can be pushed, rotated and rocked. 
     2. Description of the Relates Art 
     A switching apparatus used for a power mirror apparatus is disposed on an arm rest or a front panel of a driver&#39;s seat of an automobile. The power mirror apparatus electrically adjusts visual angles of left and right side mirrors and tilts the side mirror up and down. It is required that the switching apparatus can perform switching action for tilting up or down the side mirror (switching action of electric connection state of contact), switching action for selecting one of the left and right side mirrors, and switching action for adjusting visual angle of the selected side mirror. 
     Some of the conventional switching apparatuses include an operation knob operated for switching a contact for tilting up/down the side mirror, an operation knob operated for switching a selection contact of the side mirror, and an operation knob operated for switching an adjustment contact of the visual angle of the side mirror. 
     Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-134239, there is a switching apparatus having one operation knob which is rotated for switching the selecting contact of the side mirror and which is rocked for switching the adjustment contact of the visual angle of the side mirror. The switching apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-134239 has a structure for providing the rotation operation and the rocking operation of the operation knob with a click feeling (operating feeling). 
     Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456, there is a switching apparatus having one operation knob which is pushed for switching the contact for tilting up/down the side mirror, and which is rotated for switching the selection contact of the side mirror, and which is rocked for switching the adjustment contact of the visual angle of the side mirror. The switching apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 has a structure for providing the rotation operation and the rocking operation of the operation knob with a click feeling. 
     Further, Japanese Patent No. 3033205 discloses a switching apparatus (joystick apparatus) for a vehicular audio set. This switching apparatus has one operation rod which is pushed, rotated and rocked for switching contact s corresponding to a plurality of functions of the audio set. The switching apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3033205 has a structure for providing the rotation operation and the rocking operation of the operation rod with a click feeling. 
     According to the conventional switching apparatuses having the plurality of operation knobs, however, it is necessary to re-hold the operation knob which is to be operated according to the need and thus, it is troublesome to operate, and the operability is poor. In the switching apparatuses of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-134239, the pushing operation of the operation knob is not taken into consideration, and the contact which is switched over by pushing the operation knob is not provided. In the switching apparatuses of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 and Japanese Patent No. 3033205, since the plurality of members are respectively provided with the plurality of contacts, the number of parts is increased and the structure becomes complicated. 
     The present invention has been accomplished to solve the above problem, and it is an object of the invention to provide a switching apparatus which has excellent operability and simple structure and which realizes different switching actions depending upon pushing, rotating and rocking operations of one operation knob. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A switching apparatus of the present invention comprises a case, an operation shaft whose one end outwardly projects from inside of the case and which is provided at its central portion with a flange, a support member which supports the flange such that the operation shaft can rock and rotate, an operation knob mounted on one end of the operation shaft, a first contact which is switched when the operation knob is pushed to move the operation shaft and the support member is moved, a second contact which is switched when the operation knob is rotated to rotate the operation shaft, a third contact which is switched when the operation knob is rocked to rock the operation shaft, and a substrate respectively having the first, second and third contacts. 
     With this structure, the first contact is switched by pushing the operation knob, the second contact is switched by rotating the operation knob, and the third contact is switched by rocking the operation knob. Therefore, it is possible to realize different switching actions by pushing, rotating and rocking the one operation knob, and as compared with the conventional switching apparatus provided with a plurality of operation knobs which are operated differently, the operability can remarkably be enhanced. Further, the first, second and third contacts are provided on the same substrate. Therefore, as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 and Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which the plurality of contacts are provided on the plurality of members separately, the number of parts can be reduced and the structure can be simplified. Further, the switching apparatus can be reduced in size in the height direction. 
     In an embodiment of the invention, the substrate is provided at its one of surfaces with the first contact, and at its other surface with the second and third contacts. 
     With this structure, it is easy to dispose the contacts on the substrate as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 and Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which all of the contacts are provided on the upper surface of the substrate, and the substrate can be reduced in size, and the switching apparatus can be reduced in size in its width direction. The substrate may be provided at its one surface with the space in which a part for switching the first contact moves in the height direction, and may be provided at its other surface with the space in which parts for switching the second and third contacts move in the width direction. Therefore, it becomes easy to secure each moving space as compared with the switching apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which the upper surface of the substrate is provided with the moving space for all of parts for switching the contacts, and it is possible to reduce the switching apparatus in the height direction and width direction. 
     According to an embodiment of the invention, the first contact is provided in a push switch having an actuator which is mounted on the surface of the substrate on the side of the operation knob and which can be pushed, the actuator is switched if the actuator is pushed by the support member. 
     With this structure, it is easier to dispose the first contact and the number of parts required for switching the first contact is smaller, and the structure of the switching apparatus can further be simplified as compared with the switching apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 in which the fixed contact and the movable contact are provided separately as contacts which are switched by pushing the operation knob. 
     According to an embodiment of the invention, the switching apparatus further comprises a movable contact which can follow the operation shaft and rotate and which can move in parallel to the substrate in a state in which the movable contact is in contact with the substrate on the substrate on the opposite side from the operation knob, wherein the second and third contacts are fixed contacts formed on the surface of the substrate opposite from the operation knob, when the operation shaft is rotated, the movable contact rotates to switch the second contact, and when the operation shaft is rocked, the movable contact moves in parallel to the substrate to switch the third contact. 
     With this structure, since the second and third contacts are switched by the same movable contact, the number of parts required for switching the second and third contacts is smaller than those of the switching apparatuses as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-134239 in which the contact which is switched by rotating the operation knob and the contact which is switched by rocking the operation knob are switched by separate movable contacts, and the structure of the switching apparatus can further be simplified. Since the movable contact and the second and third contacts are provided on the same surface of the substrate, the switching structure of the second and third contacts can further be simplified as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 in which the movable contact is provided on the lower surface of the substrate and the fixed contact is provided on the upper surface of the substrate. 
     According to the present invention, the first, second and third contacts provided on a substrate are switched over by pushing, rotating and rocking the operation knob. Therefore, it is possible to realize different switching actions depending upon pushing, rotating and rocking operations of the one operation knob, the operability can be enhanced and the structure can be simplified. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  shows an exploded perspective view of a switching apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  show an outward appearance view of the switching apparatus; 
         FIG. 3  shows a perspective view of the switching apparatus; 
         FIGS. 4A  and B show a perspective view of the switching apparatus; 
         FIG. 5  shows a side view of the switching apparatus; 
         FIGS. 6A , B and C show a substrate and a slider of the switching apparatus; 
         FIG. 7A  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line Z—Z in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 7B  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line Z—Z in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 7C  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line Z—Z in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 7D  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line Z—Z in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 8A  and B show a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line Y—Y in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 9  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus taken along the line X—X in  FIG. 2 ; and 
         FIG. 10  shows a sectional view of the slider of the switching apparatus. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 1  is an exploded perspective view of a switching apparatus  100  according to an embodiment of the present invention. The switching apparatus  100  is used for a power mirror apparatus which electrically adjust a visual angle of vehicular left and right side mirrors, and tilts up and down the side mirrors. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the switching apparatus  100  mainly comprises a case  1 , a cover  2 , an operation shaft  3 , an operation knob  4 , an outer striker  5 , an inner striker  6 , a substrate  7 , a plunger  8  and a slider  9 . 
       FIGS. 2 to 10  show an assembled state of the switching apparatus  100 . Specifically,  FIG. 2  show an outward appearance view of the switching apparatus  100 ,  FIG. 2A  shows a plan view,  FIG. 2B  shows a left side view and  FIG. 2C  shows a rear side view.  FIGS. 3 and 4  are perspective views of the switching apparatus  100 . In  FIG. 3 , a portion of the case  1  is omitted, and in  FIG. 4 , the case  1  and the cover  2  are omitted.  FIG. 5  shows a side view of the switching apparatus  100 , and the case  1 , the cover  2  and a first striker  5  are omitted.  FIG. 6  show the substrate  7  and the slider  9 , and show the substrate  7  as viewed from its lower surface.  FIGS. 7A to 7D  show sectional views of the switching apparatus  100  taken along the line Z—Z in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 8  show sectional views of the switching apparatus  100  taken along the line Y—Y in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 9  shows a sectional view of the switching apparatus  100  taken along the line X—X in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 10  shows a sectional view of the slider  9 , and shows a cross section perpendicular to a cross section of  FIG. 7B  as viewed from left. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7A , a lower portion of the case  1  is opened. The lower portion of the case  1  is closed by fitting a cover  2  thereinto. The case  1  is integrally provided at its upper surface with a cylinder  1   a  which is vertically opened and is in communication with the case  1 . Inner and outer diameters of the cylinder  1   a  are reduced toward its upper portion in stages. An operation shaft  3  is provided in the case  1  and the cylinder  1   a . An upper end of the operation shaft  3  penetrates the cylinder  1   a  from inside of the case  1  and projects outward. The operation knob  4  is mounted on the upper end such as to cover the upper opening of the cylinder  1   a . In this mounting state, a gap is formed between the operation knob  4  and the cylinder  1   a . Therefore, the operation knob  4  can be pushed downward D as shown with the arrows in  FIG. 2 , the operation knob  4  can be rotated in the clockwise direction P and the counterclockwise direction Q, and can be rocked forward F, rearward B, rightward R and leftward L. The operation shaft  3  can move in the axial direction (dotted line in  FIG. 1 ) to follow the operation knob  4 , rotate around the axial direction and can rock. 
     The plunger  8  having a semi-spherical tip end as shown in  FIG. 7A  and the like is mounted on the operation shaft  3  such that the plunger  8  can move in the axial direction of the operation shaft  3 . A coil spring  10  is interposed between the operation shaft  3  and the plunger  8 . The coil spring  10  adds elastic force acting on the operation shaft  3  and the plunger  8  such that the operation shaft  3  and the plunger  8  are separated from each other in the axial direction. The cover  2  is integrally provided with a guide pedestal  2   a  below the plunger  8 . The guide pedestal  2   a  engages with the end of the plunger  8  to guide the movement of a lower end of the operation shaft  3  through the plunger  8  when the operation shaft  3  is rocked. A recess  2   k  is formed in a central portion of an upper portion of the guide pedestal  2   a . As shown in  FIGS. 7A and 9 , oblique surfaces  2   f ,  2   b ,  2   l ,  2   r  are provided around the recess  2   k . The oblique surfaces  2   f ,  2   b ,  2   l ,  2   r  rise into four directions, i.e., forward, backward, leftward and rightward from the recess  2   k  in which the operation knob  4  and the operation shaft  3  can rock. A convex portion  2   d  comprising a step having an obtuse angle is provided on intermediate portions of the oblique surfaces  2   f ,  2   b ,  2   l ,  2   r . The recess  2   k  and the convex portion  2   d  are provided in parallel in a direction (rocking direction of the operation shaft  3 ) in which lower ends of the plunger  8  and the operation shaft  3  are guided. The plunger  8  is biased downward by the coil spring  10 , and is pushed against the guide pedestal  2   a . The operation shaft  3  is biased upward by the coil spring  10  and is pushed against the outer striker  5 . 
     The operation shaft  3  is provided at its central portion with a polygonal (octagonal) flange  3   a  as shown in  FIG. 1 . The operation shaft  3  is inserted into the outer striker  5  from its lower side, and the inner striker  6  is inserted into the outer striker  5  from its lower side such as to penetrate the operation shaft  3 . With this, as shown in  FIG. 7A  and the like, the flange  3   a  of the operation shaft  3  is sandwiched and supported between the outer striker  5  and the inner striker  6 . In this supporting state, a gap is formed between the operation shaft  3  and the strikers  5  and  6 . Therefore, the operation shaft  3  can follow the operation knob  4  and rock and rotate. A space  5   h  of the outer striker  5  accommodating the flange  3   a  has the same shape and substantially the same size as the flange  3   a  and is formed into polygonal (octagonal) shape. Therefore, the outer striker  5  can follow the operation shaft  3  and rotate. A lower end of the inner striker  6  is provided with a pressing portion  6   a  which projects such as to penetrate a notch  5   k  provided in a lower end of the outer striker  5  as shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  4  and  8 . An extending portion  6   b  extending upward is provided on the pressing portion  6   a  at a predetermined distance from the outer striker  5 . As shown in  FIG. 8 , an upper end of the extending portion  6   b  is fitted and held between two stoppers  1   b  which are integrally provided on the case  1 . Therefore, the inner striker  6  can not rotate. The strikers  5  and  6  constitute an embodiment of a support member of the present invention. 
     A step-wise outer surface (an upper end surface, a step-wise surface and an outer peripheral surface) continuously extending from a central portion toward an upper end of the outer striker  5  is engaged with a step-wise inner surface (a step-wise surface and an inner peripheral surface) continuously extending from a central portion of an inner side toward a lower end of the cylinder  1   a  as shown in  FIG. 7A . A lower end of the outer striker  5  is supported by the substrate  7 . A side surface and a lower surface of the substrate  7  are supported by the case  1  and the cover  2 . Thus, the outer striker  5  can not follow the operation shaft  3  and can not move vertically and laterally. The substrate  7  can not rotate, and can not vertically and laterally move. The operation shaft  3  penetrate a hole  7   h  formed in a central portion of the substrate  7 . A diameter of the hole  7   h  is greater than that of the operation shaft  3  by a certain value and thus, the operation shaft  3  can move in the axial direction independently from the substrate  7 , and can rotate and rock. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 3 to 5  and  7 A and the like, the pressing portion  6   a  of the inner striker  6  is placed on and supported by an actuator  11   a  of a push switch (surface mounting type tact switch)  11  mounted on an upper surface of the substrate  7 . The push switch  11  is disposed in the vicinity of the operation shaft  3  below the inner striker  6  and in the notch  5   k  of the outer striker  5 . Since the actuator  11   a  can be pushed into the push switch  11 , the inner striker  6  can vertically move. The push switch  11  is provided therein with a known mechanism comprising a spring which biases the  11   a  from inside such as to project the same and which provides click feeling (operation feeling) when the actuator  11   a  is pushed in, or with a contact which is switched from OFF state (open, non-conductive state) to ON state (connect, conductive state) if the actuator  11   a  is pushed in. If the inner striker  6  follows the operation shaft  3  and moves downward, the actuator  11   a  of the push switch  11  is pushed by the pressing portion  6   a  of the inner striker  6 , the inner contact of the push switch  11  is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. The inner contact of the push switch  11  outputs a command signal for tilting the side mirror up or down to a control unit (not shown) which control the operation of the side mirror. The inner contact constitutes an embodiment of a first contact in the invention. 
     On the upper surface of the substrate  7 , an electronic component such as a light-emitting diode  12  is mounted in addition to the push switch  11 . An electric circuit comprising the electronic component and wire pattern (not shown) is formed. The light-emitting diode  12  emits light to the operation knob  4  from below. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 7B and 8 , the outer striker  5  is provided at its upper outer peripheral surface with a projection  5   e . The outer striker  5  is provided with two stoppers  1   e  such that the stoppers  1   e  are integral with the case  1 . The projection  5   e  abuts against the stoppers  1   e  when the outer striker  5  follows the operation shaft  3  and rotates in the clockwise direction P or counterclockwise direction Q through a predetermined angle (45°). If the projection  5   e  abuts against the stoppers  1   e , the outer striker  5 , the operation shaft  3  and the operation knob  4  are prevented from excessively rotating more than predetermined angles. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 3 ,  4  and  8 , the outer striker  5  is provided with a lower outer peripheral surface with an engaging portion  5   a  comprising a projection having an arc tip end. Two guide walls  1   c  are provided on opposite sides of the engaging portion  5   a  such that the guide walls  1   c  are integrally formed with the case  1 . The guide walls  1   c  engage with the engaging portion  5   a  to guide rotation of the outer striker  5  and movement of the engaging portion  5   a  when the operation shaft  3  is rotated. The guide walls  1   c  are warped in the opposite direction from the outer striker  5 , the guide walls  1   c  are disposed on opposite sides of the engaging portion  5   a  in a V-form. A convex portion  1   d  and a recess  1   k  are formed in parallel to each other in the guide wall  1   c  in a direction in which the engaging portion  5   a  is guided (rotation direction of the outer striker  5 ). The outer striker  5  and the guide wall  1   c  are made of synthetic resin. As shown in  FIGS. 8A and 8B , when the engaging portion  5   a  is not in contact with the convex portion  1   d , the guide wall  1   c  is not elastically deformed almost at all, the engaging portion  5   a  and the guide wall  1   c  are engaged with each other under small pressure, and when the engaging portion  5   a  is in contact with the convex portion  1   d , the guide wall  1   c  is elastically deformed and the engaging portion  5   a  and the guide wall  1   c  are engaged with each other under high pressure. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 5 ,  10  and  7 A, the slider  9  is provided below the substrate  7  (on the opposite side from the operation knob  4 ). Four legs  9   b  which are downwardly projecting bosses are formed on four corners of a lower surface of the slider  9 . The legs  9   b  are supported on a support base  2   c  integrally provided on the cover  2 . Two terminals  13  are mounted between the legs  9   b . As shown in  FIG. 10 , the terminals  13  are provided such that they can vertically move through the slider  9 . Two upwardly projecting movable contacts  13   a  are formed on an upper surface of each terminal  13 . A coil spring  14  is interposed between the terminal  13  and the slider  9 . The coil spring  14  upwardly biases the terminal  13 , pushes the movable contact  13   a  against the lower surface of the substrate  7  under predetermined pressure, and biases the slider  9  downwardly, and pushes the legs  9   b  against the support base  2   c  under predetermined pressure. That is, the slider  9  and the terminal  13  are sandwiched between the substrate  7  and the support base  2   c , and the movable contact  13   a  is always in contact with the lower surface of the substrate  7 . The operation shaft  3  penetrates a hole  9   h  formed in a center of the slider  9 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , a penetrating portion  3   b  of the operation shaft  3  which penetrates a hole  9   h  is of polygonal (octagonal) shape, the hole  9   h  is formed into polygonal (octagonal) shape having the same shape and substantially the same size as those of the penetrating portion  3   b . Therefore, the slider  9  and the movable contact  13   a  of the terminal  13  can follow the operation shaft  3  and can rotate and can move in parallel to the substrate  7 . The support base  2   c  has such a size that the movable contact  13   a  does not fall from the support base  2   c  when moving. 
     As shown in  FIG. 6 , a plurality of fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  are formed on the lower surface of the substrate  7 . The fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd  output signals for tilting the right side mirror vertically and laterally to the control unit. The fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  output signals for tilting the left side mirror vertically and laterally to the control unit. The slider  9  follows the operation shaft  3  and rotates. With this, the movable contact  13   a  of the terminal  13  moves to a position close to the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd  or close to the fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd . The slider  9  follows the operation shaft  3  and moves to one of forward, backward, leftward and rightward directions in parallel to the substrate  7 . With this, the movable contact  13   a  comes into contact with the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  located in the moving direction, the fixed contacts are switched from the OFF state to ON state. The fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  constitute one embodiment of second and third contacts of the present invention. 
     Electronic components (not shown) are also mounted on the lower surface of the substrate  7 . An electric circuit comprising these electronic components and a wire pattern (not shown) is formed. Mounted on the switching apparatus  100  are connecting parts such as a connector and an electric wire (not shown) for outputting switching signals of the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  and the inner contact of the push switch  11  to the control unit by mounting them on the substrate  7 . 
     In the above structure, when the operation knob  4  is not operated, the various portions are in the initial state as shown in  FIGS. 2 ,  3 ,  4 A,  5 ,  6 A,  7 A,  8 A and  9 . If the operation knob  4  is once pushed downward D in  FIG. 2  from this initial state, the operation shaft  3  downwardly moves as shown in  FIG. 7D , and the flange  3   a  pushes the inner striker  6  downward. Thus, the actuator  11   a  of the push switch  11  is pushed by the pressing portion  6   a  of the inner striker  6 , and the inner contact of the push switch  11  is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. At that time, drag of the actuator  11   a  with respect to the pressing portion  6   a  is abruptly varied (once increased and then reduced) by an internal mechanism of the push switch  11 , and click feeling is provided through the inner striker  6 , the operation shaft  3  and the operation knob  4 . Thus, if a user operate the operation knob  4  by pushing the same while relying on the click feeling, the operation shaft  3  and the inner striker  6  can be moved to an appropriate position (to a position where the pressing portion  6   a  of the inner striker  6  moves the actuator  11   a  of the push switch  11  downward by a stroke required for switching the inner contact). If the inner contact of the push switch  11  is switched, the switching signal is output from the switching apparatus  100  to the control unit as a signal for tiling up the side mirror, and the control unit which received the signal drives an electric motor such as a motor, thereby tilting up the left and right side mirrors. 
     If the pushing operation of the operation knob  4  is released, the operation shaft  3  is biased upward by the coil spring  10 , and the flange  3   a  stops pushing the inner striker  6 . Therefore, the actuator  11   a  of the push switch  11  is biased upward by the internal mechanism, the pressing portion  6   a  of the inner striker  6  is pushed up, and the inner contact of the push switch  11  is switched from the ON state to the OFF state. As shown in  FIGS. 7A and 9 , the operation shaft  3 , the operation knob  4  and the inner striker  6  returned to their original positions. Then, if the operation knob  4  is again pushed, the inner contact of the push switch  11  is switched from the OFF state to the ON state, and this switching signal is output from the switching apparatus  100  to the control unit as a signal for tilting down the side mirror, and the control unit which received the signal drives the electric motor to tilt down the left and right side mirrors. 
     If the operation knob  4  is rotated in the counterclockwise direction Q shown in  FIG. 2  from the initial state, the operation shaft  3  is rotated and the flange  3   a  rotates the outer striker  5  as shown in  FIGS. 4B and 8B . At that time, the engaging portion  5   a  of the outer striker  5  climbs over the convex portion  1   d  from the recess  1   k  of the guide wall  1   c . With this, the engagement force between the engaging portion  5   a  and the guide wall  1   c  is abruptly varied (once increased and then reduced), and the click feeling is provided through the outer striker  5 , the operation shaft  3  and the operation knob  4 . Therefore, if a user operate the operation knob  4  by rotating the same while relying on the click feeling, the operation shaft  3  and the outer striker  5  can be rotated to an appropriate position (to a position where the engaging portion  5   a  of the outer striker  5  rotates through 45° and climbs over the convex portion  1   d  of the guide wall  1   c ). The projection  5   e  abuts against the stoppers  1   e  as described above. With this, excessive rotation of the outer striker  5  beyond the appropriate position is limited. At the same time, the operation shaft  3  hitches the slider  9  with the penetrating portion  3   b , and rotates the slider  9  and the terminal  13  in the counterclockwise direction Q through 45° as shown in  FIGS. 6B and 7B . Therefore, the movable contact  13   a  of the terminal  13  moves to a position close to the fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd , and the visual angle of the left side mirror can be adjusted (vertically and laterally tilted). 
     If the operation knob  4  is rocked forward F from the rotation state, the operation shaft  3  is rocked as shown in  FIG. 7C , and the plunger  8  is upwardly moved along the oblique surface  2   b  of the guide pedestal  2   a  in a direction B opposite from the operating direction F of the operation knob  4 . At that time, the plunger  8  climbs over the convex portion  2   d  from the recess  2   k  of the guide pedestal  2   a  and with this, the engagement force between the plunger  8  and the guide pedestal  2   a  is abruptly varied (once increased and then reduced), and click feeling is provided through the plunger  8 , the operation shaft  3  and the operation knob  4 . Therefore, if a user operate the operation knob  4  by rocking the same while relying on the click feeling, the operation shaft  3  can be rocked to an appropriate position (to a position where the plunger  8  climbs over the convex portion  2   d  of the guide pedestal  2   a ). The flange  3   a  abuts against the upper and side surfaces of the space  5   h  of the outer striker  5 . With this, excessive rotation of the operation shaft  3  beyond the appropriate position is limited. At the same time, the operation shaft  3  hitches the slider  9  with the penetrating portion  3   b , and moves the slider  9  and the terminal  13  in the direction B opposite from the operating direction F of the operation knob  4  in parallel to the substrate  7  as shown in  FIGS. 7C and 6C . Therefore, the two movable contacts  13   a  of the terminal  13  respectively come into contact with the two fixed contacts  7   qc  and  7   qu  located in the moving direction B, these fixed contacts  7   qc  and  7   qu  are connected to each other through the terminal  13 , and the state is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. This switching signal is output from the switching apparatus  100  to the control unit as a signal for tilting up the left side mirror, and the control unit which received this signal drives the electric motor to tilt up the left side mirror through a predetermined angle. 
     If the rocking operation of the operation knob  4  is released, the plunger  8  is downwardly biased by the coil spring  10 , the plunger  8  moves downward along the oblique surface  2   b  of the guide pedestal  2   a , and the plunger  8  returns to its position before the plunger  8  is fitted in the recess  2   k  as shown in  FIG. 7A . Further, the operation shaft  3  is biased upward by the coil spring  10 , and pulled by the plunger  8  and rocked such as to be perpendicular to the substrate  7 , and the operation shaft  3  returns to a position before the operation shaft  3  and the operation knob  4  rock as shown in  FIG. 7A . At the same time, the slider  9  is pulled by the penetrating portion  3   b  of the operation shaft  3 , and moves in parallel to the substrate  7 , and returns to a position before the slider  9  and the terminal  13  rock as shown in  FIGS. 7A and 6B . Therefore, the movable contact  13   a  of the terminal  13  comes to an intermediate position of the fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd , and the movable contact  13   a  does not come into contact with any of the fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd , and the fixed contacts  7   qc  and  7   qu  are opened, and the state is switched from the ON state to the OFF state. 
     If the operation knob  4  is rocked rearward B in  FIG. 2  from the state shown in  FIG. 6B  the operation shaft  3  is rocked, the plunger  8  is moved along the oblique surface  2   f  ( FIG. 7A  and the like) of the guide pedestal  2   a  in the direction F opposite from the operating direction B, and the slider  9  is moved to the opposite direction F in parallel to the substrate  7 . Therefore, the movable contacts  13   a  come into contact with the fixed contact  7   qd  and  7   qc , respectively, and the fixed contacts  7   qd  and  7   qc  are switched from the OFF state to the ON state. If the operation knob  4  is rocked leftward L in  FIG. 2 , the operation shaft  3  is rocked, the plunger  8  is moved along the oblique surface  2   r  ( FIG. 9 ) of the guide pedestal  2   a  in the opposite direction R, and the slider  9  is moved in the opposite direction R in parallel to the substrate  7 . Therefore, the movable contacts  13   a  come into contact with fixed contact  7   ql , and the fixed contact  7   ql  is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. If the operation knob  4  is rocked rightward R, the operation shaft  3  is rocked, the plunger  8  is moved along the oblique surface  21  ( FIG. 9 ) of the guide pedestal  2   a  in the opposite direction L, and the slider  9  is moved in the opposite direction L in parallel to the substrate  7 . Therefore, the movable contacts  13   a  come into contact with the fixed contact  7   qr , and the fixed contact  7   qr  is switched from the OFF state to the ON state. These switching signals are output from the switching apparatus  100  to the control unit as signals for tilting the left side mirror downward, leftward or rightward, and the control unit which received the signal drives the electric motor, and tilts the left side mirror downward, leftward or rightward through a predetermined angle. 
     On the other hand, if the operation knob  4  is rotated in the clockwise direction P in  FIG. 2  from the initial state, the operation shaft  3 , the outer striker  5 , the slider  9  and the like rotate in the clockwise direction P through 45°, the movable contact  13   a  moves to a position close to the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd , and it becomes possible to adjust the visual angle of the right side mirror. If the operation knob  4  is rocked forward F, rearward B, leftward L or rightward R from this rotation state, the operation shaft  3  is rocked in the operation direction in the same manner as that described above, and the plunger  8 , the slider  9  and the terminal  13  are moved in the opposite direction. Therefore, the movable contact  13   a  comes into contact with the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd , and the fixed contacts are switched from the OFF state to the ON state. These switching signals are output from the switching apparatus  100  to the control unit as signals for tilting the right side mirror upward, downward, leftward or rightward, and the control unit which received the signal drives the electric motor, and tilts the right side mirror upward, downward, leftward or rightward through a predetermined angle. 
     If the operation knob  4  is pushed to move the operation shaft  3  downward, the inner striker  6  follows the operation shaft  3  and moves downward to push the actuator  11   a  of the push switch  11 . Therefore, the inner contact of the push switch  11  can be switched from the OFF state to the ON state. If the operation knob  4  is rotated to rotate the operation shaft  3 , the slider  9  follows the operation shaft  3  and rotates, and a contact with which the movable contact  13   a  on the slider  9  can come into contact can be switch to the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd  or the fixed contacts  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  of the substrate  7 . If the operation knob  4  is rocked to rock the operation shaft  3 , the slider  9  follows the operation shaft  3  and moves in parallel to the substrate  7 , and the movable contact  13   a  comes into contact with any of the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd . Therefore, the contacted fixed contact can be switched from the OFF state to the ON state. Therefore, different switching Actions can be realized by pushing, rotating and rocking the one operation knob  4 , and it is possible to remarkably enhance the operability as compared with the conventional switching apparatus provided with a plurality of operation knobs which are operated in the different manners. 
     The inner contact of the push switch  11  and the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  are provided on the same substrate  7 . Therefore, the number of parts is smaller than the switching apparatuses as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 and Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which the plurality of contacts are separated into the plurality of members, and the structure can be simplified. Further, the switching apparatus  100  can be reduced in size in the height direction (vertical direction U, D). 
     The substrate  7  is provided at its upper surface with the push switch  11 , and is provided at its opposite lower surface with the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd . Therefore, it is easy to dispose the push switch  11  and the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  on the substrate  7  as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 and Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which all of the contacts are provided on the upper surface of the substrate. The substrate  7  can be reduced in size, and the switching apparatus  100  can be reduced in size in its width direction (forward F, backward B, leftward L and rightward R). In addition, the upper surface of the substrate  7  may be provided with the space in which a part (inner striker  6 ) for switching the inner contact of the push switch  11  moves upward, and the lower surface of the substrate  7  may be provided with the space in which parts (slider  9  and terminal  13 ) for switching the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  are switched move in the width direction. Therefore, it becomes easy to secure each moving space as compared with the switching apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3033205 in which the upper surface of the substrate is provided with the moving space for all of parts for switching the contacts, and it is possible to reduce the switching apparatus  100  in the height direction and width direction. 
     The inner contact of the push switch  11  is employed as a contact which is switched by pushing the operation knob  4 , and the push switch  11  is mounted on the upper surface of the substrate  7 . Therefore, it is easier to dispose the contact and the number of parts required for switching the contact is smaller (two, i.e., the operation shaft  3  and the inner striker  6 ), and the structure of the switching apparatus  100  can further be simplified as compared with the switching apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 in which the fixed contact and the movable contact are provided separately as contacts which are switched by pushing the operation knob. 
     The fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  can be switched by the same movable contact  13   a . Therefore, as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-134239 in which the contact which is switched by rotating the operation knob  4  and the contact which is switched by rocking are switched by different movable contacts, it is possible to reduce the number of parts required for switching the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  (three, i.e., the operation shaft  3 , the slider  9  and the terminal  13 ), and the structure of the switching apparatus  100  can further be simplified. Since the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  and the movable contact  13   a  are provided on the same surface of the substrate  7 . Therefore, it is possible to further simplify the switching structure of the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  as compared with the switching apparatuses disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-44582 to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-291456 in which the movable contact is provided on the lower surface of the substrate  7  and the fixed contact is provided on the upper surface of the substrate  7 . 
     Further, since the push switch  11  is provided, the click feeling can be exhibited when the operation knob  4  is pushed, and since the outer striker  5  and the guide wall  1   c  are provide, the click feeling can be exhibited when the operation knob  4  is rotated. Since the plunger  8 , the coil spring  10  and the guide pedestal  2   a  are provided, the click feeling can be exhibited when the operation knob  4  is rocked. Therefore, the operation knob  4  can appropriately be pushed, rotated and rocked while relying on the click feeling, and the inner contact of the push switch  11  and the fixed contacts  7   pc ,  7   pr ,  7   pl ,  7   pu ,  7   pd ,  7   qc ,  7   qr ,  7   ql ,  7   qu ,  7   qd  of the substrate  7  can normally be switched, and the operability can further be enhanced. In addition, because the number of parts which exhibit the click feeling is reduced, the structure of the switching apparatus  100  can be simplified. 
     According to the above-described embodiment, the present invention is applied to the switching apparatus  100  used for the power mirror apparatus of the automobile, but the invention can also be applied to a switching apparatus used for a purpose other than the power mirror apparatus that can be operated by pushing, rotating and rocking.