Patent Publication Number: US-2023143306-A1

Title: Accessory mount for rifle accessory rail, communication, and power transfer system - accessory attachment

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/110,981, filed on Dec. 3, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/269,949, filed on Feb. 7, 2019, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/689,436, filed on Jan. 19, 2010, which claims benefit of U.S. Application No. 61/145,216 filed on Jan. 16, 2009, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties. To the extent appropriate, a claim of priority is made to each of the above-disclosed applications. 
    
    
     GOVERNMENT RIGHTS 
     This invention was made with government support under contracts W15QKN-08-C-0072 and W15QKN-09-C-0045 awarded by the United States Army. The government has certain rights in the invention. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is related to weapons systems. In particular, the present invention is directed to accessory attachment systems for rifles and small arms weapons that enable attached accessory devices to draw power from a central power source and communicate with the user and/or other devices. 
     The current rifles and small arm weaponry in use by US armed forces can be equipped with numerous combat optics, laser designators/sights, and flashlights; all comes with different power requirements and battery supplies. The result is a heavy weapon and a heavier field load of batteries to accommodate the various accessories, which ultimately impacts the soldiers&#39; effectiveness, particularly on longer missions. One of the US Army focus areas is improving the performance of their soldiers&#39; combat equipment while reducing the load that each soldier has to carry. One of these efforts is concentrated on providing advanced technologies to demonstrate the feasibility of an innovative communications rail and power transfer system. The resulting system will be backwards compatible with current mission support devices and accessories that mount to small arms weapons during operational procedures and it will reduce the overall weight penalties of the current system. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to obviate or mitigate at least one disadvantage of previous firearm accessory rails. 
     In a first embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a firearm accessory mounting rail for attachment of a firearm accessory to the barrel of a firearm. The accessory rail may provide a connection for the firearm accessory. 
     The present invention embodies firearm systems comprising at least one mounting rail comprising at least one power connection, at least one power source, at least one rail accessory comprising a rail grabber or mount, wherein the at least one rail accessory receives electrical power from the power source. 
     Another embodiment of the present invention provides an accessory attachment system for rifles and small arms weapons that enables attached accessory devices to draw power from a central power source and communicate with the user or other devices without exposed wires. 
     Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art upon review of the following description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying figures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         FIG.  1    shows typical accessories that are presently used or could be used on a weapon. 
         FIG.  2    shows a thermal scope with battery adapter. 
         FIG.  3    shows a schematic block diagram of a battery adapter. 
         FIG.  4    shows two rail grabbers in accordance with the present invention. 
         FIG.  5    shows a powered rail accessory mounting assembly, a typical embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG.  6    shows a flashlight accessory mounted to a powered rail using the accessory mounting assembly. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     For simplicity and illustrative purposes, the principles of the present invention are described by referring to various exemplary embodiments thereof. Although the preferred embodiments of the invention are particularly disclosed herein, one of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the same principles are equally applicable to, and can be implicated in other compositions and methods, and that any such variation would be within such modifications that do not part from the scope of the present invention. Before explaining the disclosed embodiments of the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of any particular embodiment shown, since of course the invention is capable of other embodiments. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Further, although certain methods are described with reference to certain steps that are presented herein in certain order, in many instances, these steps may be performed in any order as may be appreciated by one skilled in the art, and the methods are not limited to the particular arrangement of steps disclosed herein. 
     A variety of accessories can be mounted to different locations on a weapon. The U.S. Army supplied PPI with a list of typical accessories that are presently used or could be used on the weapon, however the invention is applicable to ANY powered accessory which attaches to the weapon via an accessory rail system. (See Table 1) 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 M4 Accessories 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Accessory 
                 National Stock Number 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 No Power Required 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight 
                 NSN 1240-01-412-6608 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 Low Power Required 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 M68 Close Combat Optics 
                 NSN 1240-01-411-1265 
               
               
                 M145 Machine Gun Optics 
                 NSN 1240-01-411-6350 
               
               
                 AN/PEQ-2A Target Illuminator 
                 NSN 5885-01-447-8992 
               
               
                 AN/PVS-4 Night Vision Sight 
                 NSN 5855-00-629-5334 
               
               
                 AN/PVS-14, Monocular Night Vision Device 
                 NSN 5855-01-432-0524 
               
               
                 AN/PAQ-4C, Infrared Aiming Light 
                 NSN 5855-01-398-4315 
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 High Power Required 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 AN/PAS-13B(V)1, Light Weight Thermal 
                 NSN 5855-01-383-6558 
               
               
                 System 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     A primary goal is to reduce the quantity and variety of batteries that power accessories mounted to a weapon. Having a variety of batteries increases the weight that needs to be carried during a mission and increases the complexity of the supply chain. 
     PPI proposed several solutions for the power and communications from the Picatinny Rail to the accessories. All four were based on a Rail Grabber/Accessory Mount that would clamp to the standard MIL-STD-1913 profile and transfer power and communication signals. One of the designs utilized inductive coupling, and three of the designs used galvanic contacts. Internal battery adapters will be created for the accessories that mount to the rifle. This approach replaces the existing batteries with a DC-DC converter packaged as a drop-in replacement into the existing battery compartment. PPI is initially testing on the Thermal Night Vision Scope and a tactical flashlight.  FIG.  2    shows a thermal scope [ 201 ] with battery adapter [ 202 ] installed, and the battery adapter [ 202 ] respectively. 
     The battery adapter [ 202 ] contains a DC/DC converter circuit and control electronics, as well as selector switches for identification. The current strategy for addressing components will employ a pair of selector switches on each battery adapter [ 202 ]. One switch will assign a user control button ID that corresponds to momentary power for the accessory, and a second switch will assign a user control button identity that corresponds to on/off action. As an example, if the user wanted to momentarily power a target illuminator, they would hold down button  1 , which would power the accessory as long as the button was depressed. If they wanted to maintain power to the illuminator, they would press and release button  2 . To turn off the accessory, they would press the button again. Alternatively, one button per accessory could be assigned, in either momentary or on/off configuration. This approach maximizes flexibility and allows the accessories to be field selected depending on mission. A schematic block diagram is shown in  FIG.  3   . 
     The galvanic contact styles can share a common design for a rail grabber, which includes retract/insert mechanism that extends the contact when the grabber is mounted and closed around the Picatinny rail. Another style of rail grabber like the tactical flashlight can have an integrated rail grabber with stationary contacts extending through to make contact with the bus bars.  FIG.  4    below shows two embodiments of the rail grabbers that can be used in conjunction with the powered Picatinny rails, one with stationary contacts and the other with retractable contacts. A typical embodiment of the invention includes the use of a powered rail accessory mounting assembly as shown in  FIG.  5   . The mounting assembly attaches the typical accessory to the powered accessory rail and consists of: the rail grabber [ 501 ], the spring contacts [ 502 ], the spring plungers [ 503 ] and the face seals [ 504 ]. The spring plungers [ 503 ] depress the snap-dome switches on the powered rail, the spring contacts [ 502 ] provide electrical contact with the fixed electrical bus contacts on the powered rail PCB assembly, and the face seals [ 504 ] provide environmental protection. 
       FIG.  6    shows the flashlight accessory mounted to the powered Picatinny rail, using the type of rail grabber assembly demonstrated in  FIG.  5   . 
     These and other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art, all within the scope of the present invention, which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.