Patent Publication Number: US-2023147166-A1

Title: Display device and method of manufacturing the same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This is a divisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/857,872, filed Apr. 24, 2020 (now pending), the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/857,872 claims priority to and benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2019-0083928 under 35 U.S.C. § 119, filed on Jul. 11, 2019 in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The disclosure herein relates to a display device and a method of manufacturing the same, and, to a display device capable of reducing or minimizing a light leakage phenomenon and a method of manufacturing the same. 
     A display device may include a display panel including pixels and a driving chip for driving the pixels. The driving chip may be disposed on a flexible film, and the flexible film may be connected to the display panel. The driving chip may be connected to the pixels of the display panel through the flexible film. This connection type may be defined as a chip-on-film (COF) type. 
     Pads connected to the driving chip may be disposed on the flexible film, and the display panel may include connection pads connected to the pixels. The pads may be in contact with the connection pads, and thus the driving chip may be electrically connected to the pixels. 
     The pads may be connected to the connection pads by various methods. For example, the pads may be electrically connected to the connection pads by an anisotropic conductive film. In other embodiments, the pads may be connected to the connection pads by an ultrasonic bonding method. 
     Recently, techniques for disposing the flexible film on a side surface of the display panel have been studied in order to reduce a bezel width of the display device and to widen a display area of the display device. 
     It is to be understood that this background of the technology section is, in part, intended to provide useful background for understanding the technology. However, this background of the technology section may also include ideas, concepts, or recognitions that were not part of what was known or appreciated by those skilled in the pertinent art prior to a corresponding effective filing date of the subject matter disclosed herein. 
     SUMMARY 
     The disclosure may provide a display device with a reduced bezel width and a method of manufacturing the same. 
     The disclosure may also provide a display device capable of reducing or minimizing a light leakage phenomenon and a method of manufacturing the same. 
     In an embodiment, a display device may include a display panel including an active area displaying an image and a peripheral area surrounding the active area, first pad parts disposed on a first side surface of the display panel, a first light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the first side surface, and first circuit units electrically connected to the first pad parts. The first light blocking layer and the first pad parts may include same material. 
     In an embodiment, the first light blocking layer may cover the portion of the peripheral area and a portion of the first side surface. 
     In an embodiment, the first light blocking layer may include first and second light blocking regions, wherein the first light blocking region may be disposed on a top surface of a substrate of the display panel, and the second light blocking region may be disposed on a side surface of the substrate of the display panel. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include second pad parts disposed on a second side surface of the display panel opposite to the first side surface, a second light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the second side surface, and second circuit units electrically connected to the second pad parts. The second light blocking layer and the second pad parts may include same material. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include third pad parts disposed on a third side surface of the display panel that connects the first side surface and the second side surface, a third light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the third side surface and including the same material as the third pad parts, and third circuit units electrically connected to the third pad parts. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include a fourth light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a fourth side surface of the display panel. The fourth side surface may be opposite to the third side surface and may connect the first and second side surfaces. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include an upper polarizing film disposed on the display panel and covering at least a portion of the first light blocking layer. The first side surface and the second side surface may be spaced apart from each other in a first direction, and a first absorption axis of the upper polarizing film may be parallel to the first direction. 
     In an embodiment, widths of the first and second light blocking layers may be set based on a degree of shrinkage of the upper polarizing film and a width of the peripheral area. 
     In an embodiment, the first pad parts may be arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the first light blocking layer may extend in the second direction. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include a lower polarizing film disposed under the display panel and having a second absorption axis intersecting the first absorption axis of the upper polarizing film, a third light blocking layer disposed under a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a third side surface of the display panel, the third side surface connecting the first side surface and the second side surface, and a fourth light blocking layer disposed under a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a fourth side surface of the display panel, the fourth side surface being opposite to the third side surface. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include an ink layer disposed on the first light blocking layer. 
     In an embodiment, the first light blocking layer and the first pad parts may include silver (Ag). 
     In an embodiment, the first light blocking layer may be spaced apart from the first pad parts. 
     In an embodiment, a display device may include a display panel including an active area displaying an image and a peripheral area surrounding the active area, a first light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a first side surface of the display panel, and an upper polarizing film disposed on the display panel and covering a portion of the first light blocking layer. A first absorption axis of the upper polarizing film may be parallel to a first direction, and the first side surface of the display panel may be spaced apart from the upper polarizing film in the first direction in a plan view. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include a second light blocking layer disposed on a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a second side surface of the display panel opposite to the first side surface. A portion of the second light blocking layer may be covered by the upper polarizing film. 
     In an embodiment, the first light blocking layer and the second light blocking layer may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction, and each of the first and second light blocking layers may extend in a second direction intersecting the first direction. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include first pad parts disposed on the first side surface, second pad parts disposed on the second side surface, first circuit units electrically connected to the first pad parts, and second circuit units electrically connected to the second pad parts. The first pad parts may be arranged in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and the second pad parts may be arranged in the second direction. 
     In an embodiment, the first pad parts and the first light blocking layer may include same material, and the second pad parts and the second light blocking layer may include same material. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include a lower polarizing film disposed under the display panel and having a second absorption axis intersecting the first absorption axis of the upper polarizing film, a third light blocking layer disposed under a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a third side surface of the display panel, the third side surface connecting the first side surface and the second side surface, and a fourth light blocking layer disposed under a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to a fourth side surface of the display panel, the fourth side surface being opposite to the third side surface. 
     In an embodiment, the display device may further include an ink layer disposed on the first light blocking layer. 
     In an embodiment, a method of manufacturing a display device may include forming a display panel including an active area and a peripheral area surrounding the active area, and forming metal layers on a first side surface of the display panel and a portion of the peripheral area adjacent to the first side surface. 
     In an embodiment, the method may further include patterning one of the metal layers to form pad parts on the first side surface of the display panel. The other one of the metal layers is a light blocking layer on the portion of the peripheral area. 
     In an embodiment, the pad parts and the light blocking layer may be formed of same material and may be formed at same time. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and disclosure. The drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain principles of the disclosure. In the drawings: 
         FIG.  1    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  2    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  5    is a perspective view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  6    is a perspective view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  7    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  8    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  9    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  10    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  11    is a rear view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment; 
         FIG.  12    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-IF of  FIG.  11   ; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method of manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG.  14    is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments of the disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various embodiments are shown. The embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms, and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout. 
     It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, region or substrate is referred to as being “on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may be present. In contrast, the term “directly” means that there are no intervening elements. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing various embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms, including “at least one,” unless the content clearly indicates otherwise. In the specification and the claims, the phrase “at least one of” is intended to include the meaning of “at least one selected from the group of” for the purpose of its meaning and interpretation. For example, “at least one of A and B” may be understood to mean “A, B, or A and B.” “Or” means “and/or.” As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. In the specification and the claims, the term “and/or” is intended to include any combination of the terms “and” and “or” for the purpose of its meaning and interpretation. For example, “A and/or B” may be understood to mean “A, B, or A and B.” The terms “and” and “or” may be used in the conjunctive or disjunctive sense and may be understood to be equivalent to “and/or.” It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” or “includes” and/or “including” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “above”, “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. 
     It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, for example, may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings herein. 
     “About” or “approximately” as used herein is inclusive of the stated value and means within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, considering the measurement in question and the error associated with measurement of the particular quantity for example, the limitations of the measurement system. 
     Embodiments are described herein with reference to schematic cross-sectional illustrations and/or plan illustrations that are example illustrations. In the drawings, the thicknesses of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity. Accordingly, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, an etching region illustrated as a rectangle will, typically, have rounded or curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments. 
     Additionally, the terms “overlap” or “overlapped” mean that a first object may be above or below or to a side of a second object, and vice versa. Additionally, the term “overlap” may include layer, stack, face or facing, extending over, covering or partly covering or any other suitable term as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. The terms “face” and “facing” mean that a first element may directly or indirectly oppose a second element. In a case in which a third element intervenes between the first and second element, the first and second element may be understood as being indirectly opposed to one another, although still facing each other. When an element is described as ‘not overlapping’ or ‘to not overlap’ another element, this may include that the elements are spaced apart from each other, offset from each other, or set aside from each other or any other suitable term as would be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense unless clearly defined in the specification. 
     Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG.  1    is a plan view illustrating a display device  1000  according to an embodiment.  FIG.  2    is a plan view illustrating the display device  1000  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  2   , a display device  1000  may be activated and or operated by an electrical signal. The display device  1000  may be realized as various sizes and shapes of display devices. For example, the display device  1000  may be used in large-sized electronic devices (for example, televisions, monitors, and external billboards) and small and middle-sized or medium-sized electronic devices (for example, personal computers, notebook computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), vehicle or other navigation units, game consoles, portable electronic devices, and cameras). However, these are provided only as examples, and the display device  1000  may also be applied to other electronic devices without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. In the embodiment, a television is illustrated as an example of the display device  1000 . 
     The display device  1000  may display an image on a display surface  1000 -A planar in first and second directions DR 1  and DR 2 . The image may be displayed towards a third direction DR 3 . The image may include a dynamic image and/or a static image. 
     A bezel of the display device  1000  may be defined by an area between a contour of the display surface  1000 -A and an outermost contour of the display device  1000 . As a width of the bezel decreases, an occupancy ratio of the display surface  1000 -A on one surface (for example, a front surface) of the display device  1000  may increase. As another example, when display devices  1000  are connected to each other to constitute a video wall, a boundary between the display devices  1000  may not be visible as the width of the bezel decreases, and thus an effect of watching a single connected screen may be obtained. 
     The display device  1000  may include a display panel  100 , first circuit units  210 , second circuit units  220 , third circuit units  230 , a main circuit unit  240 , first pad parts  310 , second pad parts  320 , and third pad parts  330 . The pad parts may be referred to as pad members, pad portions, pad units, or pad groups. 
     An active area  100 A and a peripheral area  100 P may be defined in the display panel  100 . The active area  100 A may be an area that is activated by an electrical signal. For example, the active area  100 A may be an area in which an image is displayed. The peripheral area  100 P may surround the active area  100 A when viewed in a plan view. A driving circuit and/or driving lines for driving the active area  100 A may be disposed in the peripheral area  100 P. 
     The display panel  100  may include pixels PX 11  to PXnm, gate lines GL 1  to GLn, and data lines DL 1  to DLm. The pixels PX 11  to PXnm, the gate lines GL 1  to GLn and the data lines DL 1  to DLm may be disposed in the active area  100 A. 
     Each of the gate lines GL 1  to GLn may extend in the first direction DR 1 . The gate lines GL 1  to GLn may be spaced apart from each other and may be arranged in the second direction DR 2 . Each of the data lines DL 1  to DLm may extend in the second direction DR 2 . The data lines DL 1  to DLm may be spaced apart from each other and may be arranged in the first direction DR 1 . Each of the pixels PX 11  to PXnm may be electrically connected to a corresponding one of the data lines DL 1  to DLm and a corresponding one of the gate lines GL 1  to GLn. 
     The display panel  100  may include a first side surface  101 , a second side surface  102 , a third side surface  103 , and a fourth side surface  104 . The first side surface  101  and the second side surface  102  may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction DR 1 , and each of the first and second side surfaces  101  and  102  may extend in the second direction DR 2 . Each of the third and fourth side surfaces  103  and  104  may connect the first side surface  101  and the second side surface  102 . The third side surface  103  and the fourth side surface  104  may be spaced apart from each other in the second direction DR 2 , and each of the third and fourth side surfaces  103  and  104  may extend in the first direction DR 1 . 
     The first pad parts  310  may be disposed on the first side surface  101 , the second pad parts  320  may be disposed on the second side surface  102 , and the third pad parts  330  may be disposed on the third side surface  103 . The first pad parts  310  may be arranged in the second direction DR 2 , the second pad parts  320  may be arranged in the second direction DR 2 , and the third pad parts  330  may be arranged in the first direction DR 1 . However, the arrangement of the first pad parts  310 , second pad parts  320  and third pad parts  330  is not limited thereto and the pad parts may be arranged in any direction within the spirit and scope of the disclosure. 
     Each of the first pad parts  310  and the second pad parts  320  may be electrically connected to corresponding ones of the gate lines GL 1  to GLn. Each of the third pad parts  330  may be electrically connected to corresponding ones of the data lines DL 1  to DLm. 
     The first circuit units  210  may be electrically connected to the first pad parts  310 , respectively, the second circuit units  220  may be electrically connected to the second pad parts  320 , respectively, and the third circuit units  230  may be electrically connected to the third pad parts  330 , respectively. The various circuit units may be connected to the various pad parts within the spirit and scope of the disclosure. 
     The first circuit units  210  and the second circuit units  220  may be referred to as a gate driving circuit. The third circuit units  230  may be referred to as a data driving circuit. By way of example, the first to third circuit units  210 ,  220  and  230  may also be referred to as first to third chip-on-films, respectively. 
     Each of the first circuit units  210  may include a first circuit film  211  and a first driving chip  212 . Each of the second circuit units  220  may include a second circuit film  221  and a second driving chip  222 . Each of the third circuit units  230  may include a third circuit film  231  and a third driving chip  232 . 
     In  FIG.  2   , one gate line GL 1  is connected to both one of the first circuit units  210  and one of the second circuit units  220 . However, embodiments are not limited thereto. In another embodiment, odd-numbered gate lines of the gate lines GL 1  to GLn may be electrically connected to the first circuit units  210 , and even-numbered gate lines of the gate lines GL 1  to GLn may be electrically connected to the second circuit units  220 . In another embodiment, the first circuit units  210  and the first pad parts  310  may be omitted. In this case, the gate lines GL 1  to GLn may be electrically connected to the second circuit units  220  through the second pad parts  320 . 
     The main circuit unit  240  may include a signal controller  241  and a main circuit board  242 . The signal controller  241  may also be referred to as a timing controller. The signal controller  241  may be provided in the form of an integrated circuit chip and may be mounted on the main circuit board  242 . The signal controller  241  may be electrically connected to the first circuit units  210  and the second circuit units  220  through the third circuit units  230 . 
     The first circuit units  210  and the second circuit units  220  may receive a gate control signal from the signal controller  241 . The first circuit units  210  and the second circuit units  220  may generate gate signals in response to the gate control signal and may sequentially output the generated gate signals. The gate signals may be provided to the pixels PX 11  to PXnm through the gate lines GL 1  to GLn. The pixels PX 11  to PXnm may be driven in rows in response to the gate signals. 
     The third circuit units  230  may receive image data and a data control signal from the signal controller  241 . The third circuit units  230  may generate and output analog data voltages corresponding to the image data in response to the data control signal. The data voltages may be provided to the pixels PX 11  to PXnm through the data lines DL 1  to DLm. 
       FIG.  3    is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device  1000  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , the display device  1000  may be a liquid crystal display device, but the embodiments are not limited thereto. The display device  1000  may include the display panel  100 , an upper polarizing film  160 , a lower polarizing film  170 , and a backlight unit  600 . The display panel  100  may include a first substrate  110 , a conductive layer  120 , a second substrate  130 , a liquid crystal layer  140 , and a sealant  150 . 
     The first substrate  110  may include a base substrate, transistors, signal lines, pixel electrodes, and insulating layers. The first substrate  110  may be referred to as a transistor substrate. The conductive layer  120  may be a component included in the first substrate  110 . 
     The conductive layer  120  may include lines electrically connected to the first to third pad parts  310 ,  320  and  330  as described above and in reference to the first to third pad parts  310 ,  320  and  330  of  FIG.  2   . The conductive layer  120  may be electrically connected to the transistors. 
     The second substrate  130  may face the first substrate  110 . The second substrate  130  may include a base substrate, a common electrode, a color filter, and a light blocking layer. The second substrate  130  may also be referred to as an opposite substrate or a color filter substrate. 
     In an embodiment, the second substrate  130  may include only the base substrate. In this case, the first substrate  110  may include the common electrode, the color filter, and the light blocking layer. Components constituting the first and second substrates  110  and  130  may be variously changed and/or modified, and the disclosure is not limited to a specific embodiment. 
     The liquid crystal layer  140  may be disposed between the first substrate  110  and the second substrate  130 . The liquid crystal layer  140  may include liquid crystal molecules having dielectric anisotropy. Arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules may be changed depending on electric fields applied and or formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrodes. 
     The sealant  150  may be disposed between the first substrate  110  and the second substrate  130 . The sealant  150  may couple the first substrate  110  and the second substrate  130  to each other. The sealant  150  may include an organic material such as a photocurable resin or a photoplastic resin or may include an inorganic material such as a frit seal. 
     The upper polarizing film  160  may be disposed on a top or upper surface of the second substrate  130 , and the lower polarizing film  170  may be disposed on a bottom or lower surface of the first substrate  110 . Each of the upper polarizing film  160  and the lower polarizing film  170  may be an absorption-type polarizer which transmits light vibrating in one direction and absorbs light vibrating in another direction perpendicular to the one direction. A transmission axis of the upper polarizing film  160  may be different from a transmission axis of the lower polarizing film  170 . 
     The backlight unit  600  may be disposed under the display panel  100 . The backlight unit  600  may provide light toward the display panel  100 . The backlight unit  600  may include a light source. The light source may provide white light. In an embodiment, the light source may provide blue light. By way of example, the backlight unit  600  may include a wavelength conversion member for converting the blue light into white light. 
       FIG.  4    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1   .  FIG.  5    is a perspective view illustrating components of a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4  and  5   , each of the first pad parts  310  may include first pads  311 . The first pads  311  may be disposed on the first side surface  101  of the display panel  100 . The first pads  311  may be spaced apart from each other and may be arranged in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The first pads  311  may be electrically connected to the lines included in the conductive layer  120 , respectively. The first pads  311  may be electrically connected to the first circuit units  210 . Each of the first circuit units  210  may include first driving electrodes  213  disposed on the first circuit film  211 . The first driving electrodes  213  may be electrically connected to the first pads  311 . 
     In an embodiment, the first driving electrodes  213  may be in direct contact with the first pads  311  by an ultrasonic bonding process. In an embodiment, an anisotropic conductive film may be disposed between the first driving electrodes  213  and the first pads  311 . In this case, the first driving electrodes  213  may be electrically connected to the first pads  311  through the anisotropic conductive film. 
     A first light blocking layer  410  may be disposed on a portion of the display panel  100 . For example, the first light blocking layer  410  may be disposed on a portion of the peripheral area  100 P, which may be adjacent to the first side surface  101 . 
     The first light blocking layer  410  may include a first light blocking region  411  and a second light blocking region  412 . The first and second light blocking regions  411  and  412  may be integral or separate light blocking regions and may be formed or disposed as layers or films in keeping with the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The first light blocking region  411  may be disposed on the top or upper surface of the second substrate  130 . The second light blocking region  412  may be disposed on a side surface of the second substrate  130 . The first light blocking layer  410  may have a bent shape when viewed in a schematic cross-sectional view. The first light blocking layer  410  may be spaced apart from the first pad parts  310  and may extend in the second direction DR 2 . 
     The upper polarizing film  160  may be disposed on the display panel  100 . For example, the upper polarizing film  160  may cover at least a portion of the first light blocking layer  410 . For example, the upper polarizing film  160  may cover at least a portion of the first light blocking region  411 . In an embodiment, the upper polarizing film  160  may cover the entire first light blocking region  411 . 
     The first light blocking layer  410  may include the same material as the first pad parts  310 . For example, the first light blocking layer  410  and the first pad parts  310  may include silver (Ag). After the first light blocking layer  410  and the first pad parts  310  are formed, the upper polarizing film  160  may be adhered to the display panel  100 . Thus, at least a portion of the first light blocking layer  410  may be disposed between the upper polarizing film  160  and the display panel  100 . 
     When portions of the upper polarizing film  160  and the lower polarizing film  170  are shrunken or contracted, a light leakage phenomenon may occur at an edge portion of the display panel  100 , on which the upper polarizing film  160  and the lower polarizing film  170  are not disposed. According to the embodiments, even though portions of the upper polarizing film  160  and the lower polarizing film  170  may be shrunken, transmission of light may be prevented by the first light blocking layer  410 . Thus, the light leakage phenomenon occurring at the edge portion of the display panel  100  may be reduced or prevented by the first light blocking layer  410 . 
     A housing  500  may surround a periphery of the display panel  100 . The housing  500  may form an exterior of the display device  1000 , for example, the display device as illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The housing  500  may be formed of a material having a relatively high rigidity as may be appreciated and understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, the housing  500  may include frames and/or plates formed of glass, plastic, a metal, or a combination thereof. 
       FIG.  6    is a perspective view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     When the embodiment of  FIG.  6    is compared with the embodiment of  FIG.  5   , a shape of a first light blocking layer  410 - 1  may be different from that of the first light blocking layer  410 . The first light blocking layer  410 - 1  may be disposed on only the top or upper surface of the display panel  100 . The first light blocking layer  410 - 1  may extend in the second direction DR 2 . 
     At least a portion of the first light blocking layer  410 - 1  may be covered by the upper polarizing film  160 . According to the embodiment, even though the upper polarizing film  160  may be shrunken or contracted, the top or upper surface of the display panel  100  may be covered by the first light blocking layer  410 - 1 , thereby reducing or preventing the light leakage phenomenon. 
       FIG.  7    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , a first light blocking layer  410 , a second light blocking layer  420  and a third light blocking layer  430  may be disposed on the second substrate  130 . At least a portion of each of the first, second and third light blocking layers  410 ,  420  and  430  may be covered by the upper polarizing film  160 . 
     The first light blocking layer  410  may be disposed on a portion of the second substrate  130 , which may be adjacent to the first side surface  101 . The second light blocking layer  420  may be disposed on a portion of the second substrate  130 , which may be adjacent to the second side surface  102 . The third light blocking layer  430  may be disposed on a portion of the second substrate  130 , which may be adjacent to the third side surface  103 . 
     The first light blocking layer  410  may include the same material as the first pad parts  310 . The first light blocking layer  410  and the first pad parts  310  may include same material. The first light blocking layer  410  and the first pad parts  310  may be formed by a same process. The first light blocking layer  410  and the first pad parts  310  may be formed at same time. The second light blocking layer  420  may include the same material as the second pad parts  320 . The second light blocking layer  420  and the second pad parts  320  may include same material. The second light blocking layer  420  and the second pad parts  320  may be formed by a same process. The second light blocking layer  420  and the second pad parts  320  may be formed at same time. The third light blocking layer  430  may include the same material as the third pad parts  330 . The third light blocking layer  430  and the third pad parts  330  may include same material. The third light blocking layer  430  and the third pad parts  330  may be formed by a same process. The third light blocking layer  430  and the third pad parts  330  may be formed at same time. The first to third light blocking layers  410 ,  420  and  430  may be formed using a process of forming the first to third pad parts  310 ,  320  and  330  without an additional process. 
     The upper polarizing film  160  may be an elongated polarizing film. In this case, an elongation direction may be parallel to an absorption axis  161  of the upper polarizing film  160 . The absorption axis  161  may be parallel to the first direction DR 1 . In this case, a degree of shrinkage in the first direction DR 1  of the upper polarizing film  160  may be greater than a degree of shrinkage in the second direction DR 2  of the upper polarizing film  160 . The degree of shrinkage of the upper polarizing film  160  may be changed depending on various factors, however, and may be about 400 micrometers. For example, a portion of the upper polarizing film  160  overlapping the second light blocking layer  420  may be shrunken by about 200 micrometers, and a portion of the upper polarizing film  160  overlapping the first light blocking layer  410  may be shrunken by about 200 micrometers. In this case, a width in the first direction DR 1  of each of the first and second light blocking layers  410  and  420  may be about 200 micrometers or more. The widths of the first and second light blocking layers  410  and  420  may be set in consideration of the degree of shrinkage of the upper polarizing film  160  and a width of the peripheral area  100 P, for example, the peripheral area  100 P as illustrated in  FIG.  2   . 
     According to the embodiment, the first light blocking layer  410 , the second light blocking layer  420  and the third light blocking layer  430  may be disposed under the upper polarizing film  160 . Thus, even though a portion of the upper polarizing film  160  may be shrunken, a light leakage phenomenon may be prevented by the first, second and third light blocking layers  410 ,  420  and  430 . 
       FIG.  8    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     When the embodiment of  FIG.  8    is compared with the embodiment of  FIG.  7   , the third light blocking layer  430  as illustrated for example in  FIG.  7    may be omitted. As described above with reference to  FIG.  7   , the degree of shrinkage in the first direction DR 1  of the upper polarizing film  160  may be greater than the degree of shrinkage in the second direction DR 2  of the upper polarizing film  160 . Thus, even though only the first and second light blocking layers  410  and  420  may be disposed, a light leakage phenomenon occurring at an edge portion of the display panel  100  the display panel  100  for example as illustrated in  FIG.  4   , may be reduced. 
       FIG.  9    is a plan view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     When the embodiment of  FIG.  9    is compared with the embodiment of  FIG.  7   , a fourth light blocking layer  440  may be provided. The fourth light blocking layer  440  may be disposed on a portion of the second substrate  130 , which may be adjacent to the fourth side surface  104 . At least a portion of the fourth light blocking layer  440  may be covered by the upper polarizing film  160 . 
     According to the embodiment, since the whole of an edge portion of the display panel  100  of  FIG.  4   , for example, may be covered by the first to fourth light blocking layers  410 ,  420 ,  430  and  440 , the light leakage phenomenon occurring at the edge portion of the display panel  100  of  FIG.  4   , for example, may be reduced or prevented. 
       FIG.  10    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG.  1   . 
     When the embodiment of  FIG.  10    is compared with the embodiment of  FIG.  4   , an ink layer  700  may be provided on the first light blocking layer  410 . The ink layer  700  may have a black color. For example, the ink layer  700  may include a black dye or a black pigment or other suitable dye or pigment. The light leakage phenomenon occurring at the edge portion of the display panel  100  may be additionally reduced or prevented by the ink layer  700 . 
     The ink layer  700  may be applied to the embodiments described above. For example, the ink layer  700  may be disposed on the first to third light blocking layers  410 ,  420  and  430  of  FIG.  7   . The ink layer  700  may be disposed on the first and second light blocking layers  410  and  420  of  FIG.  8   . The ink layer  700  may be disposed on the first to fourth light blocking layers  410 ,  420 ,  430  and  440  of  FIG.  9   . 
       FIG.  11    is a rear view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment.  FIG.  12    is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line II-IF of  FIG.  11   . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  11  and  12   , the lower polarizing film  170  may be an elongated polarizing film. In this case, an elongation direction may be parallel to an absorption axis  171  of the lower polarizing film  170 . The absorption axis  171  may be parallel to the second direction DR 2 . In this case, a degree of shrinkage in the second direction DR 2  of the lower polarizing film  170  may be greater than a degree of shrinkage in the first direction DR 1  of the lower polarizing film  170 . 
     A first lower light blocking layer  710  and a second lower light blocking layer  720  may be disposed between a portion of the lower polarizing film  170  and the first substrate  110 . For example, the first lower light blocking layer  710  may be disposed adjacent to the third side surface  103 , and the second lower light blocking layer  720  may be disposed adjacent to the fourth side surface  104 . The first lower light blocking layer  710  and the second lower light blocking layer  720  may be disposed adjacent to any side surface and thus the embodiment is not limited thereto. The first lower light blocking layer  710 , the third pad parts  330  and the third light blocking layer  430  may be formed at the same time by the same process. 
     In an embodiment, the second lower light blocking layer  720  may be omitted. In an embodiment, the display device may include a third lower light blocking layer (not shown) adjacent to the first side surface  101  and a fourth lower light blocking layer (not shown) adjacent to the second side surface  102 . The embodiment of  FIG.  11    may be combined with the embodiments described above. For example, the embodiment of  FIG.  11    may be combined with the embodiment of  FIG.  8   . In this case, a light leakage phenomenon may be prevented by the first and second light blocking layers  410  and  420  as illustrated in  FIG.  8   , for example, even if the upper polarizing film  160  of  FIG.  8    is shrunken, and a light leakage phenomenon may be prevented by the first and second lower light blocking layers  710  and  720  even if the lower polarizing film  170  is shrunken. 
       FIG.  13    is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a method of manufacturing a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  13   , transfer metal layers  200  and  400  may be formed on a printing rubber  2000 . The printing rubber  2000  may include silicon. The printing rubber  2000  may be easily deformable. 
     Metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  may be formed on one side surface of the display panel  100  and a portion of the peripheral area  100 P adjacent to the one side surface by using the printing rubber  2000 . 
     The metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  may include the same or similar material. The metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  may be formed at the same time. Thereafter, first-hardening the metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  by application of a laser, pressing the metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  by applying a pressing tool, and second-hardening the metal layers  200 - 1  and  400 - 1  by application of a laser may be sequentially performed. The lasers of the first and second hardenings may be the same or different. Subsequently, the metal layer  200 - 1  may be patterned to form the first pads  311  as illustrated, for example, in  FIG.  5   . An upper polarizing film  160 , as illustrated for example in  FIG.  4   -, covering at least a portion of the metal layer  400 - 1  may be adhered onto the display panel  100 . 
       FIG.  14    is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a display device according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  14   , a display device  1001  may be an organic light emitting display device. The display device  1001  may include a base substrate  111 , a circuit layer  121 , a light emitting element layer  131 , an encapsulation substrate  141 , a polarizing film  151 , and a sealant  181 . 
     Each of the base substrate  111  and the encapsulation substrate  141  may be a plastic substrate, a glass substrate, an insulating film, or a stack structure including insulating layers, by way of non-limiting example. 
     The circuit layer  121  may be disposed on the base substrate  111 . The circuit layer  121  may include insulating layers, conductive layers, and a semiconductor layer. The conductive layers may constitute signal lines and/or a control circuit of a pixel. 
     The light emitting element layer  131  may be disposed on the circuit layer  121 . The light emitting element layer  131  may be a layer for generating light. For example, the light emitting element layer  131  of the organic light emitting display device may include an organic light emitting material. The light emitting element layer  131  of a quantum-dot light emitting display device may include at least one of a quantum dot or a quantum rod. 
     The encapsulation substrate  141  may be disposed on the light emitting element layer  131 . A space, cavity, or aperture  191  may be defined between the encapsulation substrate  141  and the light emitting element layer  131 . The space, cavity, or aperture  191  may be filled with air or an inert gas. In other embodiments, the space, cavity, or aperture  191  may be filled with a filler such as a silicon-based polymer, an epoxy-based resin, or an acrylic-based resin. Even though not shown in the drawings, an input sensing layer for sensing a touch may further be provided on the encapsulation substrate  141 . 
     The polarizing film  151  may be disposed on the encapsulation substrate  141 . The polarizing film  151  may reduce reflection of external light. The light blocking layers described above with reference to  FIGS.  4  to  12    may be disposed between the polarizing film  151  and the encapsulation substrate  141 . 
     According to the embodiments, even though a portion of the polarizing film may be shrunken, transmission of light may be prevented by the light blocking layer overlapping with a portion of the polarizing film. Thus, a light leakage phenomenon occurring at an edge portion of the display panel may be reduced or prevented by the light blocking layer, or light blocking layers. 
     While the disclosure has been described with reference to example embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limiting, but illustrative. Thus, the scope of the disclosure is to be determined by the broadest permissible interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the foregoing description.