Patent Publication Number: US-11665383-B2

Title: Systems and methods for associating program actors with program genres

Description:
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/216,149, filed Dec. 11, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,735,786. The disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     This disclosure relates generally to electronic searches, and more specifically to associating program actors with program genres. 
     SUMMARY 
     Conventional electronic searches for media titles often return results that are inaccurate and misleading. Electronic searches for movies of a particular genre and having a particular actor often return a number of spurious results. For example, such searches typically return undesirable results such as movies of that genre but having that particular actor only in a cameo role, and movies in which the actor does not participate in any scenes of that genre. 
     Such electronic searches typically rely on metadata that lacks sufficient granularity to produce accurate results. Relevant metadata for media titles typically includes cast information, i.e. the actors and actresses credited as appearing in the title, and genre information. This genre information in turn includes relevant genres and a score for each genre, where the score quantifies the dominance of that genre in the overall title. However, the cast metadata and genre metadata are independent of each other. No metadata relates the cast to the genre. That is, the metadata for each genre does not describe how much any actor contributes to, or is involved in, that genre—it only shows the contribution of that overall genre to the title, and does not show any individual actor&#39;s contribution to that genre. Similarly, the cast metadata does not describe the amount by which cast members individually contribute to a genre. Thus, for instance, all that an electronic search may determine about a particular movie is which genres it falls under, and who acted in it. Searches cannot determine which actors are involved in which genres, as no metadata exists to inform such a query. 
     Accordingly, to overcome the deficiencies that exist when conducting electronic searches for media titles, systems and methods are described herein for a computer-based process that generates metadata which ties each actor to the genres he or she is involved in. More specifically, this metadata includes the genres each actor participates in, and the degree to which they participate in each genre. Generated metadata includes, for each actor, the genres they are involved in and a score for each genre. These scores indicate the degree or amount that actor participates in that genre. Thus, metadata for a particular media title includes information describing the amount each actor contributes to or participates in each genre. Electronic searches can thus more accurately determine an actor&#39;s relation or contribution to a particular genre in various media titles, resulting in more accurate search results. 
     In more detail, a computer-based system generates a metadata score specific to a particular actor and a particular genre. A media title will thus have associated metadata containing a score for every actor and every genre that actor participates in. Each score thus corresponds to one actor and one genre, and is determined according to the degree to which that actor contributes to that genre. The scores are stored as electronically searchable metadata, where each score is associated with its actor and genre. Electronic searches can thus search according to this more granular metadata, to retrieve results that more accurately reflect an actor&#39;s contribution to a particular genre within a given media title, rather than just reflecting the actor&#39;s presence in a media title of a particular genre. 
     Described herein are various ways of calculating metadata scores. One method involves the percentage of scenes of a genre that an actor appears in. More specifically, the scenes of a media title that correspond to a genre are identified. The total duration of these scenes is determined, as is the total amount of time the actor appears in these scenes. These two quantities are divided to determine the percentage or proportion of time the actor appears in these scenes, and this quantity is set equal to the score for that actor and that genre. 
     Another method involves the number of words spoken during scenes of a specific genre. As with the previous method, the scenes of a media title that correspond to a genre are identified. The total number of words the actor utters during these scenes is counted, and this total is converted to a numerical score, with higher totals corresponding to greater scores. 
     A further method involves the amount of time an actor appears in scenes of high audio volume. Such scenes are identified, and the score is set equal to the percentage or proportion of time the actor appears in these scenes. This score may, for example, correspond to genres typically associated with high audible volume, such as the action or thriller genres. 
     Various other factors may also contribute to these scores. In particular, the score may be increased or decreased, i.e. incremented or decremented by a predetermined amount, in response to certain occurrences. For instance, a score may be adjusted by some amount if it is determined that the actor won an award for his or her performance in the media title. If this award is a positive award such as a Best Actor/Actress award, the score is increased. Conversely, if the award is a negative award such as a Worst Actor/Actress award, the score may be decreased. 
     Reviews may also contribute to a score, with negative reviews decreasing the score and positive reviews increasing it. Electronically searchable reviews may be retrieved and parsed to detect predetermined keywords, and the presence of these keywords may be used to increment or decrement the score. The predetermined keywords may be divided into positive and negative keywords, with positive keywords adding to the score and negative keywords decreasing it. The keywords may be further categorized by genre. For instance, phrases such as “vicious fighting technique” may be categorized as positive keywords for an action genre. On the other hand, terms such as “unconvincing” may be categorized as negative for a drama genre, and phrases such as “bad acting” and “cringeworthy performance” may be categorized as negative for all genres. Each detected keyword may have a value associated with it, and these values may be used to increment or decrement a score. Reviews may be any type of review, such as reviews authored by well-known critics, established sources, social media reviews, or any other electronically retrievable source. 
     The above described metadata improves the accuracy of electronic searches for media titles. Metadata scores may be generated and stored in electronically searchable form, as an added component to the conventional metadata associated with a media title. Electronic searches thus retrieve the stored metadata scores. Retrieved results can then be ordered by score, and thus presented as a list of media titles ordered according to the degree to which actors contributed to genres specific media titles. In this manner, electronic searches for media titles with a selected genre and actor would thus return results ranked according to the degree that actor participated in that particular genre, rather than just titles having that actor and overall genre. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       The above and other objects and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters refer to like parts throughout, and in which: 
         FIG.  1 A  illustrates exemplary search results ordered according to associated metadata scores of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  1 B  illustrates exemplary metadata for media titles according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    is a generalized embodiment of an illustrative user equipment device constructed for use according to embodiments of the disclosure; 
         FIG.  3    is a block diagram representation of an exemplary electronic search and communication system according to embodiments of the disclosure; 
         FIG.  4    is a generalized embodiment of electronic computers constructed to implement metadata scoring and electronic search operations of embodiments of the disclosure; 
         FIG.  5    is a flowchart illustrating process steps of metadata generation according to embodiments of the disclosure; 
         FIGS.  6 - 10    are flowcharts illustrating further details of process steps for generating metadata scores; and 
         FIG.  11    is a flowchart illustrating process steps of electronic searches on metadata generated according to embodiments of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In one embodiment, the disclosure relates to a system that calculates, stores, and allows electronic searches for metadata associated with media titles. This metadata is of a particular format, having scores relating the performance of a particular actor to each specific genre in a media title. 
     Conventional metadata describing media titles only has genre and actor/cast information that describes the degree to which each title correlates to a genre. For example:
         Title: Black Panther   Genres: Action{90}&lt; &gt; Thriller{70}&lt; &gt; Comedy{30} &lt; &gt; . . .   Cast: Chadwick Boseman &lt; &gt; Letitia Wright &lt; &gt; Martin Freeman &lt; &gt; . . .       

     As can be seen, each genre relates only to the title as a whole. That is, each genre score describes only the contribution of the title as a whole to that genre. Genre scores provide no information as to which actor contributes to which genres. In the example above, it cannot be determined whether Chadwick Boseman&#39;s performance primarily fell under the action genre, the thriller genre, or the comedy genre. The same is true of each other actor. Martin Freeman may have played primarily a comedic role, for instance, but this cannot be determined from the above. 
     This leads electronic searches to return poor and inaccurate results. Searches for “action movies of Martin Freeman”, for example, would rank results such as this title highly, as it has Martin Freeman in it and has a high action score (90), even though Martin Freeman&#39;s performance in this title would likely be characterized as largely comedic (i.e., acting primarily in a comic relief role). Such a search result would be deemed by many as being misleading or simply inaccurate. 
     In contrast, embodiments of the disclosure describe generation of electronically stored metadata that connects each actor&#39;s performance to specific genres, thus resulting in more accurate searches for media titles.  FIG.  1 A  is an example of such stored metadata for one particular title. Instead of being structured as above, metadata of this example is structured as follows:
         Title: Black Panther   Cast-Genre: Chadwick Boseman (Action{90}&lt; &gt; Drama{70}&lt; &gt; Comedy{30}, . . . )
           Letitia Wright (Action{40}&lt; &gt; Thriller{20}&lt; &gt; Comedy{75}, . . . )   Martin Freeman (Action{25}&lt; &gt; Drama{25}&lt; &gt; Comedy{40, . . . )   
               

     Here, the metadata contains a score specific to each actor&#39;s contribution to each genre. For example, Chadwick Boseman merits a score of 90 for Action, indicating that his performance was very action-oriented, i.e. he contributed significantly to the action in this movie title. Conversely, he has a score of 30 for Comedy, indicating that his performance was not very comedic, i.e. his character did not contribute significantly to the comedic scenes of the movie. 
     A score for each actor-genre pair generates more accurate search results.  FIG.  1 B  illustrates exemplary search results utilizing metadata structured according to the disclosure. When “show me action movies of Chadwick Boseman” is entered as a search query, results are returned as shown on the left-hand column of  FIG.  1 B , while the corresponding metadata for each result is shown on the right-hand column. The search results returned are ordered according to the Action score assigned to Chadwick Boseman for each title. Because Black Panther has the highest Action score for Chadwick Boseman, this title is returned as the first result. Successive results are arranged in decreasing order of Action scores specific to Chadwick Boseman. As can be seen, such results track Chadwick Boseman&#39;s action performances well, with each later result being a title in which his performance is less and less action-oriented. Accordingly, embodiments of the disclosure provide more granular metadata that more accurately characterizes the performance of each actor in a media title, thus resulting in more accurate electronic searches. 
     Metadata of the disclosure may be accessed and analyzed by any hardware capable of conducting a search for electronically stored content.  FIG.  2    shows a generalized embodiment of an illustrative electronic computing device  200  capable of performing such searches and displaying corresponding results. For instance, device  200  may be a desktop, laptop, or tablet computer, Internet-enabled television, or may be a cellular phone with similar capabilities. 
     Computing device  200  may receive content and data via input/output (hereinafter “I/O”) path  202 . I/O path  202  may provide content (e.g., broadcast programming, on-demand programming, Internet content, content available over a local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), and/or other content) and data to control circuitry  204 , which includes processing circuitry  206  and storage  208 . Control circuitry  204  may be used to send and receive commands, requests, and other suitable data using I/O path  202 . I/O path  202  may connect control circuitry  204  (and specifically processing circuitry  206 ) to one or more communications paths (described below). I/O functions may be provided by one or more of these communications paths, but are shown as a single path in  FIG.  2    to avoid overcomplicating the drawing. 
     Control circuitry  204  may be based on any suitable processing circuitry such as processing circuitry  206 . As referred to herein, processing circuitry should be understood to mean circuitry based on one or more microprocessors, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc., and may include a multi-core processor (e.g., dual-core, quadcore, hexa-core, or any suitable number of cores) or supercomputer. In some embodiments, processing circuitry may be distributed across multiple separate processors or processing units, for example, multiple of the same type of processing units (e.g., two Intel Core i7 processors) or multiple different processors (e.g., an Intel Core i5 processor and an Intel Core i7 processor). In some embodiments, control circuitry  204  executes instructions for a media guidance application stored in memory (i.e., storage  208 ). Specifically, control circuitry  204  may be instructed by the media guidance application to perform the functions discussed above and below. For example, the media guidance application may provide instructions to control circuitry  204  to generate the media guidance displays. In some implementations, any action performed by control circuitry  204  may be based on instructions received from the media guidance application. 
     In client-server based embodiments, control circuitry  204  may include communications circuitry suitable for communicating with a guidance application server or other networks or servers. The instructions for carrying out the above-mentioned functionality may be stored on the guidance application server. Communications circuitry may include a cable modem, an integrated services digital network (ISDN) modem, a digital subscriber line (DSL) modem, a telephone modem, Ethernet card, or a wireless modem for communications with other equipment, or any other suitable communications circuitry. Such communications may involve the Internet or any other suitable communications networks or paths. In addition, communications circuitry may include circuitry that enables peer-to-peer communication of user equipment devices, or communication of user equipment devices in locations remote from each other (described in more detail below). 
     Memory may be an electronic storage device provided as storage  208  that is part of control circuitry  204 . As referred to herein, the phrase “electronic storage device” or “storage device” should be understood to mean any device for storing electronic data, computer software, or firmware, such as random-access memory, read-only memory, hard drives, optical drives, digital video disc (DVD) recorders, compact disc (CD) recorders, BLU-RAY disc (BD) recorders, BLU-RAY 3D disc recorders, digital video recorders (DVR, sometimes called a personal video recorder, or PVR), solid state devices, quantum storage devices, gaming consoles, gaming media, or any other suitable fixed or removable storage devices, and/or any combination of the same. Storage  208  may be used to store various types of content described herein. Nonvolatile memory may also be used (e.g., to launch a boot-up routine and other instructions). Cloud-based storage, described in relation to  FIG.  3   , may be used to supplement storage  208  or instead of storage  208 . 
     Control circuitry  204  may include video generating circuitry and tuning circuitry, such as one or more analog tuners, one or more MPEG-2 decoders or other digital decoding circuitry, high-definition tuners, or any other suitable tuning or video circuits or combinations of such circuits. Encoding circuitry (e.g., for converting over-the-air, analog, or digital signals to MPEG signals for storage) may also be provided. Control circuitry  204  may also include scaler circuitry for upconverting and downconverting content into the preferred output format of the user equipment  200 . Circuitry  204  may also include digital-to-analog converter circuitry and analog-to-digital converter circuitry for converting between digital and analog signals. The tuning and encoding circuitry may be used by the user equipment device to receive and to display, to play, or to record content. The circuitry described herein, including for example, the tuning, video generating, encoding, decoding, encrypting, decrypting, scaler, and analog/digital circuitry, may be implemented using software running on one or more general purpose or specialized processors. If storage  208  is provided as a separate device from user equipment  200 , the tuning and encoding circuitry (including multiple tuners) may be associated with storage  208 . 
     A user may send instructions to control circuitry  204  using user input interface  210 . User input interface  210  may be any suitable user interface, such as a remote control, mouse, trackball, keypad, keyboard, touch screen, touchpad, stylus input, joystick, voice recognition interface, or other user input interfaces. Display  212  may be provided as a stand-alone device or integrated with other elements of user equipment device  200 . For example, display  212  may be a touchscreen or touch-sensitive display. In such circumstances, user input interface  210  may be integrated with or combined with display  212 . Display  212  may be one or more of a monitor, a television, a liquid crystal display (LCD) for a mobile device, active matrix display, cathode ray tube display, light-emitting diode display, organic light-emitting diode display, quantum dot display, or any other suitable equipment for displaying visual images. In some embodiments, display  212  may be HDTV-capable. In some embodiments, display  212  may be a 3D display, and the interactive media guidance application and any suitable content may be displayed in 3D. 
     A video card or graphics card may generate the output to the display  212 . The video card may offer various functions such as accelerated rendering of 3D scenes and 2D graphics, MPEG-2/MPEG-4 decoding, TV output, or the ability to connect multiple monitors. The video card may be any processing circuitry described above in relation to control circuitry  204 . The video card may be integrated with the control circuitry  204 . Speakers  214  may be provided as integrated with other elements of user equipment device  200  or may be stand-alone units. The audio component of videos and other content displayed on display  212  may be played through speakers  214 . In some embodiments, the audio may be distributed to a receiver (not shown), which processes and outputs the audio via speakers  214 . 
     Device  200  of  FIG.  2    can be implemented in system  300  of  FIG.  3    as user television equipment  302 , user computer equipment  304 , wireless user communications device  306 , or any other type of user equipment suitable for conducting an electronic search and displaying results thereof. User equipment devices may be part of a network of devices. Various network configurations of devices may be implemented and are discussed in more detail below. 
     In system  300 , there is typically more than one of each type of user equipment device but only one of each is shown in  FIG.  3    to avoid overcomplicating the drawing. In addition, each user may utilize more than one type of user equipment device and also more than one of each type of user equipment device. 
     The user equipment devices may be coupled to communications network  314 . Namely, user television equipment  302 , user computer equipment  304 , and wireless user communications device  306  are coupled to communications network  314  via communications paths  308 ,  310 , and  312 , respectively. Communications network  314  may be one or more networks including the Internet, a mobile phone network, mobile voice or data network (e.g., a 4G or LTE network), cable network, public switched telephone network, or other types of communications network or combinations of communications networks. Paths  308 ,  310 , and  312  may separately or together include one or more communications paths, such as, a satellite path, a fiber-optic path, a cable path, a path that supports Internet communications (e.g., IPTV), free-space connections (e.g., for broadcast or other wireless signals), or any other suitable wired or wireless communications path or combination of such paths. Path  312  is drawn with dotted lines to indicate that in the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG.  3    it is a wireless path and paths  308  and  310  are drawn as solid lines to indicate they are wired paths (although these paths may be wireless paths, if desired). Communications with the user equipment devices may be provided by one or more of these communications paths, but are shown as a single path in  FIG.  3    to avoid overcomplicating the drawing. 
     Although communications paths are not drawn between user equipment devices, these devices may communicate directly with each other via communication paths, such as those described above in connection with paths  308 ,  310 , and  312 , as well as other short-range point-to-point communication paths, such as USB cables, IEEE 1394 cables, wireless paths (e.g., Bluetooth, infrared, IEEE 802-11x, etc.), or other short-range communication via wired or wireless paths. BLUETOOTH is a certification mark owned by Bluetooth SIG, INC. The user equipment devices may also communicate with each other directly through an indirect path via communications network  314 . 
     System  300  also includes content source  316 , and search engine  318 . The content source  316  represents any computer-accessible source of content, such as a storage for the movies and metadata of  FIG.  1   . The recommendation building computer  318  and recommendation engine computer  324  are in communication with each other, and with any of the devices  302 ,  304  and  306 , through communications network  314 . 
       FIG.  4    illustrates further details of search engine  318 . Search engine  318  is an electronic computer that has input/output (I/O) modules  410 ,  420  for transferring data to and from the search engine  318 . The search engine  318  also has a processor  430  and memory  440 . The I/O modules  410 ,  420 , processor  430 , and memory  440  are each connected to, and communicate with each other through, a bus  450 . As with device  200 , the processor  430  and memory  440  may collectively be considered as control circuitry. In some embodiments, computer  318  may be in electronic communication with content source  316  and device  200  through I/O modules  410  and  420 , respectively. 
     The processor  430  executes programs stored in memory  440 , including a search engine program  460 . The search engine program  460  has a number of modules, including an interface module  465 , a search module  470 , an ordering module  475 , and a storage module  480 . The interface module  465  provides an interface for exchange of data with devices  200 , while the search module  470  conducts searches of electronically stored information and returns relevant results. The ordering module  475  orders the results for transmission to devices  200  and presentation to the user. In embodiments of the disclosure, ordering module  475  orders search results according to the metadata scores described herein. The storage module  480  stores retrieved results for ordering by the ordering module  475 , and retrieval and transmission to devices  200 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  4   , the search engine  318  is a stand-alone computer in communication with the devices  302 ,  304 ,  306  over communication network  314 . However, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the methods and processes of the disclosure can be carried out on any computational devices suitable for executing the search engine  318  programs. For example, the computer  318  may be a server located remote from devices  200 . Alternatively, the search engine  318  programs may be resident on a device  200 . Embodiments of the disclosure contemplate any number or configuration of digital computers for storing and executing the search engine  318  programs and their associated data, located on or remote from any device  200 . 
       FIG.  4    illustrates a configuration in which modules and functionality of embodiments of the disclosure reside on computer  318  remote from the device  200 . That is, content searching is performed by an application located remote from device  200 , such as an application running on cloud servers. In this configuration, computer  318  may be a cloud server or components of one or more cloud servers, or may be one or more other computers located remote from device  200 . However, embodiments of the disclosure also encompass configurations in which modules and functionality of computer  318  reside in any location. For instance, any one or more of modules  465 - 480  may be resident on device  200  or content source  316 , or may be distributed across multiple peer or other computing devices. 
       FIG.  5    is a flowchart illustrating process steps for generating metadata according to the present disclosure. Here, a separate score is generated for each actor and each genre of a particular media asset, or content (Step  500 ). Each score is associated with a single actor and a single genre, and corresponds to the degree to which that particular actor contributed to that particular genre. In one embodiment, such scores can be generated by content source  316  for its resident content. However, other embodiments of the disclosure contemplate generation and storage of scores at any location. 
     Once scores are generated specific to each actor and each genre, the scores are stored in electronically searchable form, so that each score is associated with its particular actor and genre (Step  510 ). For example, when content source  316  is a server of a content provider, the content source  316  stores electronically accessible metadata descriptions that contain searchable descriptors of matching multimedia files. These multimedia files may also be stored on content source  316 . The storage of searchable metadata by content providers is known, and embodiments of the disclosure contemplate storage in any electronically searchable format. For example, metadata scores of the disclosure may be stored in conventional actor metadata fields along with actor names, or conventional actor metadata fields may be replaced by actor/genre score fields each listing the actor, a genre, and associated score as calculated in Step  500 . In this manner, electronic searches conducted by devices such as search engine  460  of server  318  access these actor fields, or actor/genre score fields, and parse/retrieve relevant score data for ranking and display to the user. 
     The scores of Step  500  may be calculated in any manner so long as they reflect the amount each actor contributes to or participates in a specific genre within a particular media asset. In some embodiments, the scores may be determined according to a combination of quantitative factors and qualitative factors. Here, quantitative factors represent objective measures of the amount of coverage of a genre by an actor in a program or media asset. Qualitative factors, conversely, represent subjective measures of justification done to the genre by the actor in the particular program. Each factor may be assigned a score or integer number, and these scores may be summed to determine the total or overall score of Step  500 . Each of these factors may be determined in any manner. Exemplary methods and processes for determining these factors follow, although the disclosure contemplates any other method for determining quantitative and qualitative factors for scores describing the contribution of an actor to a genre in any media. 
       FIG.  6    is a flowchart illustrating process steps for determining one such quantitative factor. In particular, the process of  FIG.  6    determines the percent coverage of an actor in scenes of a particular genre. That is, for scenes predominantly of a particular genre, this factor determines the amount of time that the actor is in such scenes. First, the portions of content corresponding to a particular genre are determined, where these portions have a collective duration equal to some first amount of time (Step  600 ). For example, the scenes of a movie that are characterized as predominantly Action scenes are identified, where these scenes collectively have a total duration measured in some amount of time, e.g., seconds. 
     Next, a second amount of time that the actor appears in these identified scenes is determined (Step  610 ). Appearance in identified scenes can be determined manually such as by operators who view scenes and record the amount of time actors appear in each, or automatically such as by known facial recognition software. This software may be implemented on content source  316 , to determine the amount of time each actor appears in each scene. Scores are then determined according to the proportion of the first amount of time that is the second amount of time (Step  620 ). That is, the score is the percentage of time the actor appears in the identified scenes, and may be determined as the second amount of time divided by the first amount of time, converted to a percentage if desired. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates process steps for determining another quantitative factor. In particular, this factor expresses the number of words spoken by an actor in scenes of a particular genre. Higher scores for this factor reflect more dialog, and thus greater participation, in scenes of that genre. Here, the portions of content corresponding to a particular genre are determined (Step  700 ), similar to Step  600  above. The number of words an actor utters in those portions of content are then determined (Step  710 ), such as by manual count or by known voice recognition software, perhaps located on content source  316 . The score for this factor is then determined according to this determined number of words (Step  720 ). This score may be determined in any manner, such as by a table of values relating spoken word count to factor scores (e.g., 0-100 words=10, 101-500 words=20, 501-1000 words=30, etc.), an equation or function relating word count to score, or the like. Any method of determining a numerical score of any desired range, from a count of words, is contemplated. 
       FIG.  8    illustrates process steps for determining a further quantitative factor. The quantitative factor of  FIG.  8    relates to the amount of time an actor appears in scenes of high auditory volume, and may thus be useful in characterizing scenes corresponding to genres such as Action or Thriller. First, portions of content having volume greater than a predetermined volume are determined (Step  800 ). These scenes collectively have a duration measured as a first amount of time. Step  800  may employ any measure of volume, such as average volume across the entire scene, peak volume in a scene, the amount of time volume exceeds some predetermined amount, or the like. Any measure predictive of a “loud” genre may be used. 
     Next, a second amount of time is determined, where this second amount of time is the amount of time the actor in question appears in the determined portions of content (Step  810 ). As in Step  610  above, this second amount of time may be determined in any manner, such as manually or by facial recognition software. The score for this factor is then determined as the proportion of the first amount of time that is the second amount of time (Step  820 ). That is, the score is the percentage of time the actor appears in the identified scenes, and may be determined as the second amount of time divided by the first amount of time, converted to a percentage if desired. 
     Qualitative factors may be employed in score calculation, as well. Unlike the above quantitative factors, qualitative factors are subjective measures of the degree to which an actor&#39;s performance is deemed to fall under a particular genre. Any such measures are contemplated.  FIG.  9    is a flowchart illustrating process steps for determining one qualitative factor. Here, the score for this qualitative factor is increased or decreased according to awards earned by the actor for that particular content. In particular, the content source  316 , or another computing device carrying out the above scoring processes, determines awards won by an actor for content (Step  900 ). The existence of awards may be determined in any manner, such as by electronic searches for known awards, searches of web pages known to list awards (e.g., the Wikipedia® pages of particular movies or actors), searches for news articles containing the actor&#39;s name, the title of the content and an award name, or the like. 
     The awards may be positive or negative awards. For example, many well-known awards are positive and indicate good performances, or performances that match their intended genre well. Examples of such awards include the Critic&#39;s Choice award, Emmy or Oscar awards for Best Actor/Actress, and the like. Conversely, other awards are negative awards that indicate bad performances or performances ill-suited to that particular genre. Examples of such awards include Golden Raspberry awards for Worst Actor/Actress and Worst Film, and the like. 
     Accordingly, this factor is incremented or decremented according to the number and type of awards detected (Step  910 ), with positive awards resulting in score increments and negative awards resulting in score decrements. Scoring may be performed in any manner. For example, lists of positive and negative awards may be kept, and the score for this factor may be incremented/decremented by a predetermined amount for each positive/negative award earned which appears on the list, to some maximum/minimum value. Increment/decrement values may be constant or may vary by award, with certain awards such as Best Actor or Best Film being considered more significant, or indicative of a better performance, and thus worth more. 
       FIG.  10    is a flowchart illustrating process steps for determining another qualitative factor. In this factor, scores are increased or decreased according to electronically accessible reviews by known critics, with positive reviews resulting in score increases and negative reviews resulting in score decreases. Lists of genre-specific positive and negative keywords are maintained at, for example, a storage in content source  316 . Reviews are electronically searched and retrieved according to, for instance, critic name or organization, whereupon these reviews are parsed to determine the presence of any keywords in the stored lists (Step  1000 ). The score for this factor is then incremented or decremented in response to any detected keywords (Step  1010 ). 
     The reviews used for scoring in the process of  FIG.  10    may be any electronically searchable reviews. Many such reviewers are well known, and their reviews appear on known Internet pages, e.g., well known movie critics who work for established news publications. Others are located on known social media pages which can be readily searched and retrieved. 
     The maintained keyword lists are lists of genres and their keywords, i.e. genre-specific keywords. When a particular actor and genre are scored, reviews containing that particular content title and actor are searched, retrieved, and parsed. For each successive genre, keywords for that genre are compared against any parsed keywords, with matches resulting in score increments/decrements. For example, when scoring the Action genre of Chadwick Boseman in Black Panther, exemplary positive Action keywords may be words or phrases such as “vicious hand to hand . . . ”, “riveting”, or the like. Each matched word or phrase in a review increments the score by a predetermined amount. Conversely, exemplary negative Action keywords may be words or phrases such as “bad acting”, “unconvincing”, “stilted action”, etc., and each matching phrase in reviews would decrement the score by a predetermined amount. 
     Scores for each factor are then combined, to produce a single overall score for each actor-genre pair. Both the individual scores for each factor, and the overall score, may be determined and/or combined in any manner. For example, each factor score may be scaled so that the combined total sums to a maximum of 100. Alternatively, certain factors may be deemed more important, and thus given a higher weight, so that the maximum sum total remains 100 but certain factors contribute to the sum to a greater degree. 
     In operation, the scores for each factor are summed or otherwise accumulated to determine an overall score for each actor-genre pair in a media title. These scores are stored as electronically searchable metadata in, e.g., content source  316 , as a data structure that can be represented as shown in  FIG.  1 B . Electronic searches for particular actors and genres can thus retrieve results that more accurately reflect the amount that particular actor&#39;s performance in various media titles falls under that particular genre.  FIG.  11    is a flowchart illustrating these process steps in further detail. 
     As shown in  FIG.  11   , metadata scores are generated for each actor and each genre of a particular media asset, where each score corresponds to the degree to which a particular actor contributed to a particular genre in that media asset (Step  1100 ). Metadata scores are generated as above. The generated scores are then stored in electronically searchable form (Step  1110 ), such as on content source  316  available to exchange data over communications network  314 . 
     During an electronic search for, e.g., media assets having a particular actor performing according to a particular genre, the stored scores are retrieved (Step  1120 ), and corresponding search results are ordered according to the retrieved scores. Results are thus presented as a ranked list of media assets ordered according to the degree to which that particular actor contributed to that particular genre (Step  1130 ). 
     Metadata generation may be carried out in any known manner. Metadata generation instructions, search engine instructions, and/or any instructions for performing any of the embodiments discussed herein may be encoded on computer readable media. Computer readable media includes any media capable of storing data. The computer readable media may be transitory, including, but not limited to, propagating electrical or electromagnetic signals, or may be non-transitory including, but not limited to, volatile and non-volatile computer memory (e.g., storages  208 ,  480 ) or storage devices such as a hard disk, floppy disk, USB drive, DVD, CD, media cards, register memory, processor caches, Random Access Memory (“RAM”), etc. Additionally, electronic searches carried out in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure may be performed by any computing device or devices, including device  200 , content source  316 , computer  318 , or the like. Also, electronic searches carried out in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure may be carried out by the same devices that generate metadata of the disclosure, or by different devices. 
     The foregoing description, for purposes of explanation, used specific nomenclature to provide a thorough understanding of the disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the specific details are not required to practice the methods and systems of the disclosure. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. For example, metadata scores may be determined according to any number and combination of quantitative and qualitative factors, summed or totaled in any manner. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the methods and systems of the disclosure and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Additionally, different features of the various embodiments, disclosed or otherwise, can be mixed and matched or otherwise combined so as to create further embodiments contemplated by the disclosure.