Patent Publication Number: US-2020281226-A1

Title: Livestock feed

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a livestock feed and, more particularly, to a feed supplemented with nutritional components such as vitamins to improve the health such as immunity, of livestock and improve meat quality. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     With the tendency of continuously increasing the consumption of edible meat, the livestock feed for improving meat quality is attracting growing attention. In the present invention, a sea buckthorn and  Acanthopanax , which are widely known as vitamin trees, are added, thereby increasing the health level of livestock and improving meat quality. 
     Sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) is spiky plant bearing bright orange fruits, is native North Asia and Europe, and is one of the original plants that have settled on the Scandinavian peninsula since the end of the ice age. The fruits of  Hippophae rhamnoides  have long been known to be beneficial for health, and it is also mentioned in traditional Tibetan medicine, traditional Chinese herbal medicine, and Indian Ayurvedic medicine. Nowdays, the fruits of  Hippophae rhamnoides  have a significantly higher content of vitamins C and E than other fruits such as mandarin and orange. Recently, studies have been underway to develop it as a raw material for compounds that reduce cholesterol levels.  Hippophae rhamnoides  withstand harsh cold and is covered with long thorns, and thus, in English, it is also called Alpine sandthorn, Siberian pineapple, etc. Some juices are made from the fruits of  Hippophae rhamnoides , and usually mix and drink with other fruit juices.  Hippophae rhamnoides  are also used as a raw material for herbal medicine and skin care products. 
     In Korea,  Acanthopanax  refers to the bark of the roots, stems and branches of the  ginseng  family  Acanthopanax sessiliflorum  Seeman or the congeneric plant. In China, it refers to the root bark of the  Acanthopanax gracilistylus  WW Smith, and  Acanthopanax senticosus  (Rupr. &amp; Maxin) Harms is described separately as Zhaoga.  Acanthopanax  supplements the energy of the liver and kidneys, and strengthens the tendons and bones, so it is used for the treatment of quadriplegia, contracture, waist and knee weakness, lower limb impotence, bone fractures, bruises, and edema. As the pharmacological action thereof, immune enhancement, anti-oxidation, anti-fatigue, anti-high temperature, anti-irritation action, endocrine function regulation, blood pressure regulation, anti-radiation, detoxification effects have been reported. 
     As a feed for improving the growth of livestock and improving meat quality, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1420974 discloses feed additives for livestock comprising, as active ingredients, 10 to 40 wt % of  Portulaca oleracea,  10 to 50 wt % of alum, 3 to 10 wt % of ginger, and 3 to 10 wt % of cinnamon, additionally comprises one or more excipients selected from rice bran, soybean cake, and wheat shorts if necessary, and further comprises jasmine and aloe in order to neutralize the smell of the active components as necessary. The above feed additives can prevent side effects from conventional chemical antibiotics and can be used as feed additives to replace the chemical antibiotics by obtaining a comparable effect at a raising rate (survival rate), average weight (gain rate), and a feed conversion rate, compared with the chemical antibiotics. 
     Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1406863 discloses an abalone-mixed complex functional feed additives containing a  Broussonetia kazinoki  extract and a  Cudrania tricuspidata  extract, and an abalone-mixed feed containing the same, in which the  Broussonetia kazinoki  extract and the  Cudrania tricuspidata  extract are mixed in a conventional mixed feed as a natural feed with complex physical properties capable of performing the function as an anti-oxidant and clay shape retention agent derived from natural products, and are used as feed additives during abalone breeding, whereby it suppresses the rancidity, increases immunity by excellent tolerance against various types of stresses, delays the speed of precipitation of feed, increases the digestion capability by not causing the resistance of fish, increases the shape retention of feed in water, the intake rate of feed and feed use efficiency, does not cause water pollution and makes an environment-friendly farming possible by reducing the water pollution. 
     However, the complex functional feed additives of Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1406863 are not suitable as a livestock feed, and thus, a feed with a more balanced nutrition was needed. In this regard, the present applicant has filed a patent application entitled “livestock feed” which was published under Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0011525. The Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0011525 relates to a livestock feed, particularly to a feed supplemented with nutrient components such as vitamins to improve health, such as immunity of livestock, and improve meat quality. The Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0011525 provides a feedstock feed for the growth of pigs, cows, poultry, ducks, comprising tocopherols, germanium minerals,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, and sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract as additives. 
     PRIOR ART DOCUMENT 
     Patent Document 
     (Patent Document 1) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1420974 entitled “Feed additive for livestock”, published on Jul. 17, 2014 
     (Patent Document 2) Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1406863 entitled “Abalone mixed complex functional feed additives containing a  Broussonetia kazinoki  extract and a  Cudrania tricuspidata  extract, and abalone mixed feed containing the same”, published on Jun. 13, 2014 
     (Patent Document 3) Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0011525 entitled ‘Livestock feed’ and published on Feb. 2, 2017 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Problems to be Solved 
     The present invention is intended to improve a “livestock feed” of Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0011525 in the name of the applicant, and an object thereof is to provide a feed which alleviates irritation properties such as zeolite, sulfur, vitamin trees,  Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica , medicinal bellflower, in particular, supplemented with nutritional components such as vitamins to improve the health such as immunity, of livestock and improve meat quality. 
     Solutions to Solve the Problems 
     In order to achieve the above object, there is provided a livestock feed for the growth of pigs, cattle, chickens, and ducks, comprising, as additives, tocopherol, germanium mineral,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, and sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract widely known as vitamin trees, 
     Advantages of Invention 
     Advantageous effects can be expected from the components added to the feed of the present invention, such as growth promotion by tocopherol, lactation promotion by germanium, somatic cell reduction by germanium minerals, mastitis preventing effect by  Acanthopanax , and immunity-enhancing effect by sea buckthorn fruit. In particular, vitamins rich in sea buckthorn fruit, widely known as vitamin trees, can significantly improve the growth of livestock. 
     Among the components included in the feed of the present invention,  Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract,  Platycodon  extract,  Angelica , and sea buckthorn fruit extract have high irritation property, and thus, even if a small amount is applied, they may have adverse effects on some livestock. Thus, in the present invention, licorice was applied as a soothing agent to alleviate their irritation property. 
     In other words, although the livestock feed of the present invention has a high health promotion effect, but it is applied by relieving the irritation of components with strong irritation, whereby the effects of improving the immunity of livestock, preventing diseases, improving health conditions, promoting the growth and improving meat quality can be expected. 
     Embodiments 
     Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. However, the present invention may be realized in various different forms, and it is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein. 
     Further, throughout the specification, when a part is referred to as “including” a certain component, it does not mean that other constructional elements are excluded, but it means that other constructional elements can be further included, unless described to the contrary. 
     Further, the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments only and it is not intended to restrict the present invention. The singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “include”, “comprise”, or “have” is intended to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operation, components, elements, or combinations thereof, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operation, components, elements, or combinations thereof. 
     Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. 
     The present invention relates to a livestock feed and, particularly, to a feed supplemented with nutritional components such as vitamins to improve the health such as immunity, of livestock and improve meat quality. Thus, the present invention provides a livestock feed for the growth of pigs, cattle, chickens, and ducks, comprising tocopherol, germanium mineral,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract, sulfur,  Hovenia dulcis  peduncle extract,  Angelica, Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract,  Platycodon  extract,  Prunus armeniaca , and zeolite as nutrition-enriched additives, and further comprising a soothing agent containing licorice in order to alleviate the irritation of the  Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract, the  Platycodon  extract,  Angelica , and the sea buckthorn fruit extract. That is, the feed of the present invention is produced by adding the nutrition-enriched additives and the soothing agent in a feed mainly composed of cereals, gourds, and cereal by-products. 
     The  Acanthopanax  plant extract and the sea buckthorn fruit extract can be powdered or can be directly applied as the extract, and processing such as fermentation may be applied as necessary. 
     The sea buckthorn fruit extract may be obtained by extracting a vitamin tree fruit using water, a C1 to C4 lower alcohol or a mixed solvent thereof, preferably, it may be extracted in 65-75% ethanol at room temperature for 3 to 6 days, more preferably, it may be extracted in 70% ethanol at room temperature for 4 to 5 days. 
     Further, in addition to the sea buckthorn fruit, it can be applied by processing the leaf or stem of the sea buckthorn into a size of 50 to 150 mesh. 
     Further, when applied by fermenting the leaf or stem of the sea buckthorn, it is preferable to ferment at a temperature higher than room temperature (40 to 50° C.) for 4 to 8 days. 
     The  Salvia miltiorrhiza  refers to a medicinal material made from the roots of  Salvia miltiorrhiza  Bunge, which helps blood circulation, removes blood stasis and relieves limb joint pain. It treats women&#39;s menstrual irregularities, menstrual pain, postpartum abdominal pain, postpartum abdominal pain, and bruises. It is also known to treat mental confusion caused by high fever, bullshit, dysphoria, insomnia, skin rash, and palpitations. 
     As the pharmacological action, expansion of coronary arteries, reduction of cholesterol, reduction of blood pressure, activation of liver function, sedative anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-bacterial effects have been known. 
     Among the additives,  Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica, Platycodon  and sea buckthorn greatly contribute to the growth of livestock, but the toxicity may be harmful to livestock. Therefore, the present invention seeks to control the toxicity of the above components by adding licorice. Licorice serves to harmonize the toxicity of all medicines, exhibit a good therapeutic effect, control the heat and morale of entrails, make all blood vessels communicate well, and strengthen muscles and bones. The pharmacological action of licorice is effective in detoxification, hepatitis, hives, dermatitis, eczema, etc. It is known to have antitussive, expectoration, muscle relaxation, diuretic effect and anti-inflammatory effect, and to suppress peptic ulcer. That is, in the present invention, the content of the  Salvia miltiorrhiza, Angelica, Platycodon  and sea buckthorn can be increased by adding licorice. 
     The  Acanthopanax  refers to the bark of the roots, stems and branches of the  ginseng  family  Acanthopanax sessiliflorum  Seeman or the congeneric plant. The  Acanthopanax  supplements the energy of the liver and kidneys, and strengthens the tendons and bones, so it is used for the treatment of quadriplegia, contracture, waist and knee weakness, lower limb impotence, bone fractures, bruises, and edema. As the pharmacological action thereof, immune enhancement, anti-oxidation, anti-fatigue, anti-high temperature, anti-irritation action, endocrine function regulation, blood pressure regulation, anti-radiation, detoxification effects have been reported. 
     Furthermore, when zeolite and a trace amount of sulfur are powdered and mixed with a feed to give to a livestock, the effect of absorbing and excreting toxins and bacteria in the intestine of the livestock can be expected. 
     For the above effects, it is preferable to adsorb sulfur onto the zeolite. That is, the zeolite and sulfur of the present invention are produced through the following steps: 
     crushing zeolite (s 100 );
 
mixing zeolite and sulfur (s 200 ); and
 
aging sulfur-adsorbed zeolite for 24 to 48 hours and drying at room temperature (s 300 ).
 
     It is known that the sulfur is useful for the health of joints and cartilage, and has anti-inflammatory and blood-purifying effects, but has toxicity. Thus, if a large amount of sulfur enters the body of a livestock, it is rather harmful to the health of livestock. Accordingly, the present inventor has paid attention to the introduction of sulfur in the form of adsorbing sulfur. Thereby, it is possible to add an amount greater than the allowable amount when sulfur is directly added, and it is possible to expect that bacteria, etc. of livestock adsorbed on zeolite can be sterilized with sulfur and discharged. 
     It is preferable to add 0.8 w % of vitamin trees, 10 w % of  Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract, 0.8 wt % of  Angelica,  0.5 wt % of  Platycodon  extract, and 1 to 3 wt % of licorice based on the total weight of the prepared livestock feed. 
     Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described for each livestock applied. 
     Example 1 
     Example 1 is a complex feed for Korean native cattle, hog raising, chicken raising, and ducks. The livestock feed in Example of the present invention contains tocopherol, germanium mineral,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract, sulfur,  Hovenia dulcis  peduncle extract,  Angelica, Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract,  Platycodon  extract,  Prunus armeniaca , zeolite and licorice as nutrition-enriched additives, and additionally contains cereals, gourds, cereal by-products, calcium phosphate, lime, methionine, lysine, salt, choline ruminant stabilizer, vitamin premix and mineral premix, wherein as a weight ratio, it is a feed on pellets containing 17 to 25% of crude protein, 3 to 10% of crude fat, 2 to 18% of crude fiber, 12 to 20% of crude ash, 0.5 to 5% of calcium, and 0.1 to 1.3% of phosphorus. The feed of Example 1 prepared by the present inventor is as shown in Table 1 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Component name 
                 Amount of component 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Crude protein 
                 17.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fat 
                 3.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fiber 
                 18.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Crude ash 
                 12.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Calcium 
                 0.50% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Phosphorus 
                 1.30% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Total digestible nutrients (TDN) 
                 72.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The feed of Example 1 is aimed at a livestock from after childbirth to three months before lactation. Among the components added to the feed of the present example, the lactation promoting effect of tocopherol, the reduction of somatic cells due to germanium, the effect of preventing mastitis due to  Acanthopanax , and the effect of enhancing the immunity due to the fruit of the sea buckthorn (vitamin tree) can be expected. 
     Example 2 
     Example 2 is directed to a feed for a livestock (Korean native cattle, beef cattle, dairy cattle). The livestock feed of the present example contains tocopherol, germanium mineral,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract, sulfur,  Hovenia dulcis  peduncle extract,  Angelica, Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract,  Platycodon  extract,  Prunus armeniaca , zeolite and licorice as nutrition-enriched additives, and additionally contains cereals, cereal by-products, gourds, molasses, limestone, calcium phosphate, salt, vitamin premix and mineral premix, wherein as a weight ratio, it is a feed in the form of flake containing 13 to 25% of crude protein, 2.5 to 10% of crude fat, 2 to 10% of crude fiber, 2 to 10% of crude ash, 0.7 to 5% of calcium, and 0.1 to 1.2% of phosphorus. The feed of Example 2 prepared by the present inventor is as shown in Table 2 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Component name 
                 Amount of component 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Crude protein 
                 13.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fat 
                 2.50% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fiber 
                 10.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Crude ash 
                 10.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Calcium 
                 0.70% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Phosphorus 
                 1.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Total digestible nutrients (TDN) 
                 12.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The feed of Example 2 is aimed at a cattle with a body weight of 250 to 400 kg, and in the same manner as in Example 1, the improvement effect due to tocopherol, germanium,  Acanthopanax  and sea buckthorn fruit can be expected. 
     Example 3 
     Example 3 is a feed for hog-raising, wherein the livestock feed contains tocopherol, germanium mineral,  Acanthopanax  plant extract, sea buckthorn (botanical name:  Hippophae rhamnoides ) fruit extract, sulfur,  Hovenia dulcis  peduncle extract,  Angelica, Salvia miltiorrhiza  extract,  Platycodon  extract,  Prunus armeniaca , zeolite and licorice as nutrition-enriched additives, and additionally contains whey powder, milk fat, processed oil, soy protein, processed cornmeal, minerals and vitamins. wherein as a weight ratio, it is a feed in the form of powder containing 20 to 30% of crude protein, 5 to 15% of crude fat, 5 to 15% of crude fiber, 2 to 10% of crude ash, 0.6 to 5% of calcium, 0.1 to 1.5% of phosphorus and 1.65 to 5% of lysine. The feed of Example 3 prepared by the present inventor is as shown in Table 3 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Component name 
                 Amount of component 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Crude protein 
                 20.5% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fat 
                 5.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Crude fiber 
                 5.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Crude ash 
                 10.0% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Calcium 
                 0.6% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Phosphorus 
                 1.5% or less 
               
               
                   
                 Lysine 
                 1.65% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Digestible crude protein (DCP) 
                 18.0% or more 
               
               
                   
                 Digestible energy (DE) 
                 3.700 kcal or more 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The feed of Example 3 are mainly aimed at suckling pigs, and in the same manner as in Example 1, the improvement effect due to tocopherol, germanium,  Acanthopanax , and sea buckthorn fruit can be expected. 
     Although the present invention has been described together with examples, these are only one of various embodiments including the gist of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to easily carry out. It will be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the appended claims below, and any technical idea within the scope equivalent thereto due to changes, substitutions, substitutions and the like without departing from the scope of the present invention will be included in the scope of rights of the present invention.