Patent Publication Number: US-6989744-B2

Title: Infant monitoring system with removable ear insert

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
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     STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 
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     REFERENCE TO MICROFICHE APPENDIX 
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     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to infant monitoring systems, and more particularly, to infant monitoring systems providing personal alerts to a user without disturbing others nearby the user. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     Intra-Concha Devices 
     Various types of headset devices have been described, including some of which fit into a wearer&#39;s ear. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,142,587, issued on Aug. 25, 1992 to Kobayashi, discloses an intra-concha type electroacoustic transducer for use with audio devices. More specifically, it recognizes an intra-concha type electroacoustic transducer comprising a housing for accommodating a speaker unit therein. The transducer includes a diaphragm that is detachably mounted to the concha of a user&#39;s ear, whereby the diaphragm of the speaker unit is disposed so as to oppose the entrance portion of the external auditory meatus of the user&#39;s ear. An auxiliary means projects from the housing in a direction that is opposite to the entrance portion of the external auditory meatus. It supports the housing when the transducer is in a mounted position within the user&#39;s ear. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,712,453, issued on Jan. 27, 1998 to Bungardt et al., discloses an apparatus for stabilizing a concha style headset. More specifically, it describes a stabilizer comprising a receiver attachment and a concha stabilizer pad. The concha stabilizer pad is secured to a receiver attachment by a flexible supporting member and engages the wearer&#39;s upper concha beneath the antihelex when the receiver is placed in the wearer&#39;s lower concha between the tragus and antitragus, thereby creating three points of contact, namely the tragus, anti-tragus, and upper concha. Alternatively, the stabilizer is formed from an arch that connects to the receiver, and is disposed upward from the receiver. In an alternative embodiment, the stabilizer is formed as a torus (i.e., ring-shaped) that is coupled to a stalk-shaped supporting member. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,953,435, issued on Sep. 14, 1999 to Mullin et al., discloses an intra-concha stabilizer with a length-wise adjustable conchal wall hook that positions an audio transducer (i.e., a speaker) within a wearer&#39;s ear without requiring a headband or behind-the-ear hook. By engaging the conchal wall of the wearer&#39;s ear, the conchal wall hook secures the audio speaker within the wearer&#39;s ear. More specifically, the audio transducer is positioned within the ear between the tragus and antitragus, whereupon the wearer slides a conchal wall hook carrier and conchal wall hook. The wearer repeats this action until the conchal wall hook preferably engages the conchal wall of the wearer&#39;s ear. The conchal wall hook carrier is purportedly of a size to fit snugly into the groove so that it will not slip or move without pressure being applied thereto. As described, by positioning the conchal wall hook securely against the conchal wall of the wearer&#39;s ear, the stabilizer prevents the audio transducer from moving within, or falling out of, the wearer&#39;s ear, and purportedly provides sufficient force to hold the audio speaker against the lower concha of the wearer&#39;s ear. 
     Anti-Snoring Devices 
     Many types of sleep monitoring devices have been described, including anti-snoring devices. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,998,209, issued on Dec. 21, 1976 to Macvaugh, discloses a snoring deconditioning system and method whereby a control console activates various aversive stimuli sources—including a globally projected pillow buzzer—when snoring exceeds a predetermined auditory level. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,644,330, issued on Feb. 17, 1987 to Dowling, and published as EP 0 145 160 A3 on Jun. 19, 1985, discloses a compact, self-contained anti-snoring device that either mounts on the ear of a user or fits therewithin. Since the speaker means either mounts on the ear of a user or fits therewithin, the anti-snoring stimulus is purportedly personal to the user so as to not disturb the snorer&#39;s bed partner. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,477,867, issued on Dec. 26, 1995 to Balkanyi, discloses a snoring suppression device that emits an audible sound. While a housing of the device is normally placed on a bedside table of the sleeper, it recognizes that the acoustic signal should not be generated on the table if the snoring person does not sleep alone—i.e., it recognizes that the signal should be generated close to the sleeper, e.g., at the sleeper&#39;s forehead or temple, or alternatively, as a compact unit that fits into the sleeper&#39;s ear. However, it further recognizes that positioning such a device in or behind the ear is often found to be uncomfortable, especially if the sleeper lies on that ear. For these reasons, an arrangement of the device in a headband is preferred. 
     While some anti-snoring devices fit within the outer ear of the wearer, they are all designed to monitor sounds within the same room as the wearer, and some alert the snoring party before a bed partner is aroused by the snoring. 
     Alarm Clock Devices 
     Other types of monitoring devices have been described. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,737,692, issued on Apr. 7, 1998 to Lang, discloses a clock radio system with a wireless remote alert device, in which radio signals from a clock radio purportedly alert a user at a predetermined time without disturbing others. As described, the device is similar in design to an earplug and is inserted in the user&#39;s ear, or worn or carried as a bracelet, wherein an object of the device is to alert the user at a predetermined time without disturbing others. The user is directed to insert the device into the user&#39;s ear before going to sleep, whereupon only the user is purportedly awakened as the device is actuated, and no one else is thereby disturbed. It is also disclosed that a second user can assert a second, different wireless remote alert device in the second user&#39;s ear before going to sleep, whereby, purportedly, only the first user is awakened by the wireless remote alert device in response to a first alarm and only the second user is awakened by the wireless remote alert device in response to a second alarm. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,894,455, issued on Apr. 13, 1999 to Sikes, discloses an alarm clock system that includes a conventional speaker output for sounding a general wake-up alarm and an ear insert having an audible output that is inserted into the ear of a person needing to be awaken when only one person needs to be awoken. It recognizes that many individuals share a bed with a spouse, or a room with another person, who are awoken or disturbed when an alarm clock sounds a general wake-up alarm that is only needed by one of the people. It therefore discloses an alarm clock system that includes an ear insert having an audible output that is inserted only into the ear of the person needing to be awoken. Because all of the people sleeping in the room must be awoken at the same time on some days, it thus also recognizes that it would be further beneficial to have such an alarm clock system that includes a convention speaker output for sounding a general wake-up alarm. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,067,006, issued on May 23, 2000 to O&#39;Brien, discloses an audible alarm device that is intended to personally alert a user to an alarm, time of day, or other status condition. The device is implemented in the form of a molded earplug made of rubber, silicone, or another material suitable for being inserted into, or covering, an ear. It discloses the following as common status conditions: time of day, time to wake up, phone messages waiting to be heard, etc. 
     Baby Monitoring Devices 
     Finally, baby monitoring devices have also been described. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,043,747, issued on Mar. 28, 2000 to Altenhofen, discloses a baby monitor system that includes a parent monitor and a baby monitor that have a two-way radio frequency communications link established therebetween. From the parent monitor, the system allows a caregiver to transmit a prerecorded soothing message for playback to an infant or child through the baby monitor when the caregiver is in an environment, such as a shower, wherein ambient noises would tend to startle, irritate, or disturb the recipient child. Accordingly, the system includes a message storage mechanism for recording the soothing message, and a playing mechanism for playing the soothing message in response to an activation signal. Because the caregiver&#39;s intended use of the parent monitor is while bathing, the parent monitor is preferably waterproof. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,150,941, issued on Nov. 21, 2000 to Geiger et al., discloses a stand-off non-invasive acoustic baby monitor for preventing Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (“SIDS”). More specifically, it discloses an apnea monitor that reduces false alarms without having to physically contact a child or infant, whereby if a resultant signal—which corresponds to continuous breathing or physical activity—deviates substantially from a comparator signal for a sufficient length of time, an alarm is activated to signal either abnormal breathing activity or a lack of breathing activity. A lack of breathing activity indicates either a medical condition, such as the on-set of SIDS, or a child&#39;s absence from a monitored area. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,208,897, issued on Mar. 27, 2001 to Jorgensen et al., also discloses a SIDS prevention baby monitor that monitors the respiration or cardiac activity of an infant identified with Long QT Syndrome resulting from structural abnormalities in potassium channels of a child&#39;s heart, which predispose the child to an accelerated heart rhythm (i.e., arrhythmia). It recognizes a link between SIDS and Long QT Syndrome and provides a mechanism for use in initiating treatment until medical personnel arrive. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,462,664, issued on Oct. 8, 2002 to Cuijpers et al., discloses a baby monitor that controls the volume level of an external, electronic device when an output sound level of a receiver reaches a predetermined reference level. More specifically, the baby monitor is capable of muting a television, or other electronic device, through an infrared command signal, thus allowing a parent to hear the output sound of the baby monitor over the other device. 
     Numerous other baby monitors have also been described, including, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,492,279, issued on Jan. 8, 1985 to Speckhart; U.S. Pat. No. 4,899,135, issued on Feb. 6, 1990 to Ghahariiran; U.S. Pat. No. 5,119,072, issued on Jun. 2, 1992 to Hemingway; U.S. Pat. No. 5,210,532, issued on May 11, 1993 to Knoedler et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,280,635, issued on Jan. 18, 1994 to Knoedler et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,446,934, issued on Sep. 5, 1995 to Frazier; U.S. Pat. No. 5,479,932, issued on Jan. 2, 1996 to Higgins et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,505,199, issued on Apr. 9, 1996 to Kim; U.S. Pat. No. 5,515,865, issued on May 14, 1996 to Scanlon; U.S. Pat. No. 5,640,147, issued on Jun. 17, 1997 to Chek et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 5,689,240, issued on Nov. 18, 1997 to Traxler; U.S. Pat. No. 5,774,055, issued on Jun. 30, 1998 to Pomerantz; U.S. Pat. No. 5,812,056, issued on Sep. 22, 1998 to Law; U.S. Pat. No. 5,841,352, issued on Nov. 24, 1998 to Prakash; U.S. Pat. No. 5,900,817, issued on May 4, 1999 to Olmassakian; U.S. Pat. No. 5,914,660, issued on Jun. 22, 1999 to Mesibov et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 6,054,926, issued on Apr. 25, 2000 to Deleo; U.S. Pat. No. 6,072,392, issued on Jun. 6, 2000 to Henderson et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 6,195,009, issued on Feb. 27, 2001 to Irizarry et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 6,280,392, issued on Aug. 28, 2001 to Yoshimi et al.; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,396,403, issued on May 28, 2002 to Haner. 
     Several of the foregoing U.S. patents attempted partial solutions to some of the foregoing concerns, some of which were, occasionally, and in part, satisfactory for the limited purposes for which they were intended. Accordingly, each of the foregoing U.S. patents are hereby incorporated by reference, in their entireties, into the present application for purposes including, but not limited to, indicating the background of the present invention and illustrating the state of the art. However, many related art solutions have been implemented with less-than-overwhelming success. Thus, for example, what is needed is infant monitoring system with a removable ear insert. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     By way of general summary, inventive arrangements are directed to improved infant monitoring systems. By way of more specific summary, inventive arrangements are directed to an infant monitoring system with a removable ear insert. The ear insert receives an audible parameter from an infant in an infant&#39;s room and provides the parameter to a parent monitoring device in a parents&#39; room. The parent monitoring device comprises the removable ear insert, whereby only the wearer of the insert is preferably alerted to the audible parameter. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the insert is inserted into an ear of a parent, or other caregiver, needing to be awoken, whereby only effected persons are alerted to audible parameters from the infant in the infant&#39;s room. Accordingly, only the wearer of the ear insert is awoken without disturbing others nearby the wearer who are not wearing the insert. Without a globally broadcast audible parameter emanating from a loudspeaker and sound grating of a conventional parent monitoring device, individuals near the wearer are preferably not exposed to, or otherwise made aware of, the audible parameter, thereby providing an audio stimulus that is personal to the wearer of the insert. Thus, the invention provides an ear insert that is comfortably inserted into and worn within the ear of the wearer for use in conjunction with an infant monitoring system, whereby non-wearers of the ear insert remain undisturbed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Many facets of the invention will be better appreciated and understood in conjunction with the following drawings and detailed description of preferred embodiments, in which like reference numerals generally represent like elements, and in which: 
         FIG. 1  depicts a conventional infant monitoring system; 
         FIG. 2  depicts an infant monitoring system according to preferred embodiments of the inventive arrangements; 
         FIG. 3  depicts relevant parts of a typical human ear; and 
         FIG. 4  depicts a cross-sectional view of an ear insert positioned in an ear of a wearer according to preferred embodiments of the inventive arrangements. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Various systems, apparatuses, devices, methods, techniques, and the like for remotely monitoring the presence and general well-being of babies, infants, toddlers, and other children when out of plain view by caregivers are well-known in the art, and for ease of illustration, are generally and generically referred to as infant monitoring systems throughout this Specification. However, the present invention is not limited in this regard. Rather, in various preferred embodiments, for example, the inventive arrangements are also used to monitor other persons, including, for example, persons who are elderly, sick, infirm, or otherwise in need of monitoring, particularly, but not exclusively, while sleeping. In various other preferred embodiments, the inventive arrangements are also used to monitor other things, including, for example, animals, and the like, when a personal alert to a caregiver, or other user, is desired. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 1 , a conventional infant monitoring system  10  is shown, comprising an infant monitoring device (“IMD”)  12  and a parent monitoring device (“PMD”)  14 . The IMD  12  is generally placed in an infant&#39;s room  16 , while the PMD  14  is generally placed in a parents&#39; room  18 . Whereas the infant&#39;s room  16  is generally remote from the parents&#39; room  18 , the IMD  12  is generally remote from the PMD  14 . As known, wireless transmission occurs therebetween, as will be elaborated upon briefly. Throughout this description, however, certain well-known functions and constructions are not described in detail if they would otherwise obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. 
     Referring now more specifically to the IMD  12 , it comprises a main body  20  with orifices for, and connections to and among, a sound grating  22 , on-off/volume variable resistor dial  24 , power indicator light  26 , and antenna  28 . Internally, the IMD  12  comprises a microphone and transmitter. The microphone is a well-known device for converting audible sound waves into electrical current signals. Relevant sound waves comprise an audible parameter from an infant  44  (see  FIG. 2 ) in the infant&#39;s room  16 , such as a cry, yell, shout, moan, fuss, sneeze, cough, hiccup, wake-up activities, hunger and thirst indicators, out-of-bed or out-of-area indicators, bedding entanglement indicators, and so forth, from the infant  44  communicating discomfort, distress, malcontent, or otherwise to anyone who is listening. Thus, while the sound grating  22  facilitates reception of the audible parameter from the infant  44  by the microphone, the IMD  12  is preferably powered by a conventional power source—such as a household A/C current source, battery, battery cell, or otherwise—operating in conjunction with the on-off/volume variable resistor dial  24 , for which the preferred power indicator light  26  conventionally indicates the energized status of the IMD  12 . 
     As mentioned, the microphone converts the audible parameter from the infant  44  into an electrical current signal. More specifically, the magnitude of the voltage of this electrical current signal is directly proportional to the volume (i.e., pitch or pressure) of the audible parameter, and it changes at the same rate (i.e., frequency) as the audible parameter. Thus, the voltage of this electrical current signal changes according to the audible parameter, whereupon the electrical current signal is wirelessly transmitted by the well-known transmitter through the antenna  28  of the IMD  12  in the infant&#39;s room  16  to the PMD  14  in the parents&#39; room  18  for real-time reception thereof by the PMD  14 . 
     Referring now more specifically to the PMD  14 , it also comprises, as a counterpart to the IMD  12 , a main body  30  with orifices for, and connections to and among, a sound grating  32 , on-off/volume variable resistor dial  34 , power indicator light  36 , and antenna  38 . Internally, the PMD  14  comprises a receiver and transducer. The transducer is a well-known device for re-converting the electrical current signal received from the antenna  28  of the IMD  12  at the antenna  38  of the PMD  14  back into audible sound waves. Thus, while the sound grating  32  facilitates re-broadcasting the audible parameter from the infant  44  into the parents&#39; room  18 , the PMD  14  is preferably powered by a conventional power source—such as a household A/C current source, battery, battery cell, or otherwise—operating in conjunction with the on-off/volume variable resistor dial  34 , for which the preferred power indicator light  36  conventionally indicates the energized status of the PMD  14 . 
     As mentioned, the transducer re-converts the electrical current signal from the IMD  12  into the audible parameter from the infant  44 . More specifically, the transducer comprises a loudspeaker for transforming the electrical current signal into sound energy. The loudspeaker is a well-known device for transforming the weakened electrical current signals that strike the antenna  38  of the PMD  14  into audible sounds that are heard at a distance remote from the PMD  14 . Whereas the weakened electrical current signals are processed by an amplifier, the common loudspeaker contains a cone that is rigidly attached to a coil of wire. The coil of wire is surrounded by a permanent magnet that creates a permanent magnetic field about the coil. However, as electrical current signals from the antenna  38  of the PMD  14  pass through the coil of wire, a varying magnetic field is also induced about the coil. The permanent and varying magnetic fields thus oppose, and otherwise interact, with one another, whereupon the cone thus vibrates according to the variations in the electrical current signals. Successfully vibrating the cone according to the voltage of the original electrical current signal transmitted from the IMD  12 , the cone thereby causes surrounding air to vibrate at the same frequencies as the original sound waves. This sound is then broadcast through the sound grating  32  and into the parents&#39; room  18 . Accordingly, the PMD  14  wirelessly reproduces the audible parameter from the infant  44  received by the IMD  12  in the infant&#39;s room  16  through the PMD  14  in the parents&#39; room  18 . 
     In other words, if the infant  44  makes a sound within the infant&#39;s room  16 , the microphone within the IMD  12  detects the sound and transmits it through the antenna  28 . The PMD  14 , in turn, receives the transmitted signal from the IMD  12  through its antenna  38 , where it is processed and output by the transducer, and where it is heard through the loudspeaker for appropriate response thereto by the infant&#39;s parents  42  (see  FIG. 2 ). 
     Many variations of the described infant monitoring system  10  have been described. For example, the main bodies  20 ,  30 , sound gratings  22 ,  32 , on-off/volume variable resistor dials  24 ,  34 , power indicator lights  26 ,  36 , and antennas  28 ,  38  were representatively depicted and described. Numerous variations—as to existence, location, functionality, and the like—exist with respect thereto. For example, whereas the antennas  28 ,  38  are respectively integrated within the main bodies  20 ,  30  in various preferred embodiments, the on-off/volume variable resistor dials  24 ,  34  are also respectively integrated with the power indicator lights  26 ,  36  in other preferred embodiments. Regardless, the power supplies preferably enable mobility of both the IMD  12  and PMD  14 , and particularly the PMD  14  when used other than in the parents&#39; room  18 . 
     Whereas the IMD  12  has been generally described as a one-way transmitter and the PMD  14  has been generally described as a one-way receiver, the infant monitoring system  10  is not limited in this regard. Rather, two-way communicative abilities are also contemplated, and well-known in the art, whereupon both the IMD  12  and PMD  14  are constructed as transmitters and receivers. For example, if the PMD  14  functions as both a transmitter and receiver, an optional “talk button” (not shown) is incorporated into the housing  30  for ceasing PMD  14  functioning as a receiver and enabling PMD  14  functioning as a transmitter. In such an embodiment, whereas the IMD  12  is generally an open channel transmitter—transmitting continually from the IMD  12  to the PMD  14  while energized—activation of the talk button on the PMD  14  enables transmission from the PMD  14  to the IMD  12  and corresponding reception by the IMD  12  from the PMD  14 . Thus, the IMD  12  also thereby functions as a receiver and the PMD  14  also thereby functions as a transmitter. Accordingly, the IMD  12  and PMD  14  are generally and generically referred to, and constructed as, transceivers. 
     Moreover, in additionally preferred embodiments, the PMD  14  also includes one or more light emitting diodes (“LEDs”) (not shown) that light in series to indicate the volume of the audible parameter from the infant  44  in the infant&#39;s room  16 . In yet another embodiment, the LEDs are color coded such that subsequently lit or higher sounding LEDs are a different color (e.g., red) from previously lit or lower sounding LEDs (e.g., green or yellow or both). 
     Furthermore, in other additionally preferred embodiments, either or both of the IMD  12  and PMD  14  contain appropriate circuitry for processing an audible parameter from an infant  44  only after detection of a sound level that, as determined by an appropriate comparator: i) deviates substantially from a predetermined reference signal; ii) is greater than a predetermined reference volume level; iii) indicates a lack of presence of the infant  44 ; iv) indicates a lack of motion of the infant  44 ; v) indicates a predetermined pattern of motion; vi) monitors for SIDS; vii) responds according to predetermined audible parameters, but otherwise filters out other audible parameters, enabling the infant monitoring system  10  to be particularly responsive to various audible parameters from the infant  44  and less responsive to ambient noises and other external sounds typically occurring in a household setting; viii) falls within, or outside of, various predetermined parameters in accordance with one or more appropriate filters, such as a low pass filter or narrow band bypass filter; ix) does one or more of the foregoing for a predetermined length of time; and the like. In other words, various well-known filtering techniques are preferably incorporated into the infant monitoring system  10  within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit hereof. All such representative functionality is readily imparted into the infant monitoring system  10  by various techniques that are well-known in the art, including, for example, including the comparator within the IMD  12 , PMD  14 , or both. 
     Referring now to an infant monitoring system  10  according to preferred embodiments of the inventive arrangements, and  FIG. 2 , insofar as conventional placement of the PMD  14  is on a bedside table  40 , or the like, in the parents&#39; room  18 , it is recognized that both of the infant&#39;s parents  42  (individually,  42   a  or  42   b ), or other caregivers, are awoken by the globally broadcast audible parameter emanating from the loudspeaker and sound grating  32  of the conventional PMD  14 . Oftentimes, however, it is only necessary to awaken one parent  42   a ,  42   b  to appropriately respond to the needs of the infant  44 . For example, if only one parent  42   a ,  42   b  is needed to feed or change the infant  44 , there is oftentimes little, if any, reason to awaken both parents  42 . Thus, it is beneficial to provide a PMD  14  in which only selective persons are alerted to the audible parameter from the infant  44 . The infant&#39;s parents  42  could thereby alternate nights or weeks, for example, responding to the infant  44  in accordance with work schedules and the like, whereby only one parent  42   a ,  42   b  in the parents&#39; room  18  is alerted to the audible parameter from the infant  44 . 
     Accordingly, a removable ear insert  46  is hereby provided for insertion into an ear  48  of a parent  42   a ,  42   b  needing to be awoken or alerted, the ear insert  46  providing an audible output to only the wearer thereof. It is thus recognized that while many persons share a bed with a spouse or other bed partner, or, alternatively, share a room with any other person or persons, only effected persons need to be alerted to various audible parameters, including audible parameters from the infant  44  in the infant&#39;s room  16 , whereby only the wearer of the ear insert  46  is awoken without disturbing others nearby the wearer, such as others in a room like the parents&#39; room  18  who are not wearing the ear insert  46 . By inserting the ear insert  46  into an ear  48  prior to slumber, for example, only the wearer is preferably awoken by the audible parameter from the infant  44 , whereby no-one else is alerted due to the absence of a globally broadcast audible parameter emanating from the loudspeaker and sound grating  32  of the conventional PMD  14 . 
     Thus, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, individuals near the wearer are not exposed to, or otherwise made aware of, the audible parameter from the infant  44 . Whereby the ear insert  46  is worn within the ear  48  of the wearer, any audio stimulus from the IMD  12  is preferably personal to the wearer and does not disturb others around the wearer, including, for example, the wearer&#39;s bed partner. Thus, the invention provides an ear insert  46  that is comfortably inserted into and worn within the ear  48  of the wearer for use in conjunction with an infant monitoring system  10 . In other words, while the ear insert  46  is worn within the ear  48  of the wearer, the audible parameter from the infant  44  is received by circuitry within the ear insert  46  and preferably delivered privately to the wearer through the ear insert  46 , whereby non-wearers of the ear insert  46  remain undisturbed. 
     Whereas the common loudspeaker in a conventional PMD  14  contains a cone that is rigidly attached to a coil of wire, as previously described, an earphone, such as the ear insert  46  of the present invention, preferably contains a diaphragm that is rigidly attached to the coil of wire. The ear insert  46  otherwise retains the functionality of the conventional PMD  14 . For example, the coil of wire is still surrounded by a permanent magnet that creates a permanent magnetic field about the coil. As electrical current signals pass through the coil of wire, a varying magnetic field is again induced about the coil. The permanent and varying magnetic fields thus oppose, and otherwise interact, with one another, whereupon the diaphragm thus vibrates according to the variations in the electrical current signals. Successfully vibrating the diaphragm according to the voltage of the original electrical current signal transmitted from the IMD  12 , the diaphragm thereby causes surrounding air to vibrate at the same frequencies as the original sound waves. This sound is then broadcast through the ear insert  46  and into the ear  48  of the wearer. Accordingly, the ear insert  46  wirelessly reproduces the audible parameter received by the IMD  12  in the infant&#39;s room  16  through the ear insert  46  worn by the wearer. Other earphone and earphone-type devices are also well-known in the art, and expressly contemplated hereby. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the ear insert  46  is self-contained, i.e., it contains no wires, straps, mounting loops, or otherwise, in which the wearer can become entangled. Accordingly, a preferred ear insert  46  is powered by a conventional power source such as a battery, battery cell, or otherwise. Moreover, the preferred ear insert  46  is molded to fit securely and comfortably within the wearer&#39;s ear  48  during slumber, or when doing other jobs or activities within the transmission and reception ranges of the infant monitoring system  10 . Accordingly, when the ear insert  46  is inserted into the wearer&#39;s ear  48  and energized, reproduced sounds from the IMD  12  are preferably heard personally by the wearer. Thus, the ear insert  46  is a miniaturized PMD  14 , possessing the functionality thereof. 
     For illustration purposes, and to elaborate upon preferred placement and positioning of the ear insert  46  within the ear  48 , a typical human ear  48  is depicted in  FIGS. 3–4 . Referring more specifically to  FIG. 3 , the outer ear  50  (i.e., pinna) comprises an irregularly concave cartilaginous member comprised of a number of eminencies and depressions that provide a distinctive shape and form to the ear  48 . More specifically, a helix  52  comprises a curved outer rim of the ear  48 . Below the helix  52  is an antihelix  54 . The antihelix  54  comprises a curved prominence forming a curve around a concha  56 , which is a deep cavity containing an entry passage  58  to an ear canal  60 . The concha  56  is divided into two parts, including an upper concha  56   a  and lower concha  56   b  (collectively,  56 ). The upper concha  56   a  and lower concha  56   b  are divided into their respective parts by a terminating crux  62  of the helix  52  that curves around the outside of the ear  48  and extends inwards at about a vertical midpoint of the ear  48 . The upper concha  56   a  lies above the crux  62  of the helix  52  and below the antihelix  54 . The lower concha  56   b , on the other hand, lies below the crux  62  of the helix  52  and surrounds the entry passage  58  to the ear canal  60 . A conchal wall  64  separates the concha  56  from the antihelix  54 . A tragus  66  comprises a small semicircular prominence disposed in front of the lower concha  56   b  and projecting rearwards from a front  68  of the ear  48 . An antitragus  70  is disposed opposite the tragus  66  and separated apart therefrom by a deep curvature of an intertragic notch  72 , which is formed between the tragus  66  and antitragus  70 . 
     Referring now more specifically to  FIG. 4 , the ear canal  60  connects the entry passage  58  to an ear drum  74 . When sound, such as the audible parameter from the infant  44 , enters the ear  48 , a front surface  76  of the ear drum  74  vibrates. These vibrations then pass from the front surface  76  of the ear drum  74  to a cochlea  78  within an inner ear  80 , the inner ear  80  generally being defined as beginning at about the entry passage  58  to the ear canal  60 . The cochlea  78  converts vibrations on the surface  76  of the ear drum  74  into electrical signals, which travel along an auditory nerve  82  to a brain (not shown) for interpretation and processing as audible sound by the wearer of the ear insert  46 . 
     As can now be seen, the removable ear insert  46  preferably fits comfortably within the wearer&#39;s ear  48 . More specifically, it contacts and preferably fits within the outer ear  50  of the wearer. Even more specifically, it preferably fits within the concha  56  of the outer ear  50  of the wearer. Yet even more specifically, it is preferably positioned at the entry passage  58  to the ear canal  60 . 
     As described, the ear insert  46  is preferably suitable for insertion into the wearer&#39;s ear  48 . Alternatively, the ear insert  46  is suitable for covering the wearer&#39;s ear  48 , in which case the ear insert  46  is preferably suitable to cover the outer ear  50  of the wearer, or is suitable for mounting on the wearer&#39;s ear  48 . In such embodiments, covering and mounting are readily accomplished by techniques well-known in the art. 
     Preferably, the ear insert  46  is molded to match the contour of an average ear  48  in one embodiment. Alternatively, it is preferably custom-molded to match the contours of a specific wearer&#39;s ear  48  in an alternative embodiment. 
     Preferably, the ear insert  46  is an electromagnetic or piezo-electric type of earphone device, such as commonly used in hearing aids, and well-known in the art. 
     Preferably, it is implemented in the form of a molded ear insert  46 . More specifically, the ear insert  46  is preferably implemented in the form of a molded ear insert  46  that is made of plastic, rubber, silicone, or other material suitable for being inserted into a wearer&#39;s ear  48 . Preferably, it is suitably encased in a plastic, rubber, silicone, or other material housing. 
     Preferably, it is outfitted with, i.e., surrounded by, either in part or in whole, a cushioning member that is cloth, foam, rubber, foam rubber or the like to enhance comfort for the wearer. 
     Preferably, it shaped to fit within either a wearer&#39;s left or right ear  48 , or both. 
     Preferably, it is sized to minimize slippage or movement within the wearer&#39;s ear  48 . For example, in one preferred embodiment, the ear insert  46  fits snugly within the concha  56  of the wearer. In the same or an alternative embodiment, it fits snugly within abutting contact of the conchal wall  64 . In the same or additionally alternative embodiments, it fits snugly between the tragus  66  and antitragus  70 . In the same or additionally alternative embodiments, it is lodged securely among one or more of the following: the conchal wall  64 , tragus  66 , antitragus  70 , and intertragic notch  72 . 
     Preferably, it is dimensioned to inhibit ambient noises and other external sounds typical of a household setting. For example, when one or both of the parents  44   a ,  44   b  utilize the ear insert  46  not only during slumber but also while performing other tasks, such as housework, mowing a yard, and the like, whereas before, hearing the audible parameter from the infant  44  would have otherwise been difficult or suspect due to ambient noises and other external sounds, whereby now, such audible parameters from the infant  44  are readily discernable. In the foregoing embodiment, the ear insert  46  is appropriately sized and dimensioned to fill the outer ear  50  such that sounds other than the audio parameter from the infant  44  are inhibited or altogether precluded from entering the inner ear  80  of the wearer. This embodiment is preferably accomplished by sizing the ear insert  46  to substantially fill the concha  56  of the outer ear  50 . Other applicable techniques are also well-known in the art. 
     Preferably, the ear insert  46  projects sound internally. More specifically, it projects sound internally towards the inner ear  80 . Even more specifically, it projects sound internally towards the inner ear  80  through the entry passage  58  to the ear canal  60 . Yet even more specifically, it projects sound internally towards the inner ear  80  through the entry passage  58  to the ear canal  60  and towards the ear drum  74 , cochlea  78 , and auditory nerve  82 . In other words, it is preferably removably positioned to point and project sound inwards relative to the inner ear  80  and outer ear  50 . Accordingly, it preferably projects sound internally towards the ear drum  74  of the inner ear  80 . 
     In other preferred embodiments, various modifications to the foregoing are also possible. For example, in one preferred embodiment of the foregoing, each of the parents  42  wear a separate ear insert  46  to monitor more than one infant  44  making more than one audible parameter in more than one infants&#39; rooms  16 . In such an embodiment, the infant monitoring system  10  preferably utilizes more than one infant monitoring device  12 . In still other preferred embodiments, the ear insert  46  preferably includes conventional PMD  14  functionality, including, for example, globally broadcasting audible parameters when both parents  42  need or desire to be alerted to the audible parameter from the infant  44 . In still other preferred embodiments, the IMS  10  includes an IMD  12 , PMD  14 , and an ear insert  46 . Thus, the parents  42  can use either the conventional PMD  14 , preferably placed on the bed-side table  40 , or, alternatively, one of the parents  42  can wear the ear insert  46 . This embodiment allows full functionality of the IMS  10 , whereby the IMD  12  can transmit directly to the PMD  14 , to the ear insert  46 , or to both. In another preferred embodiment, the IMD  12  transmits to the PMD  14 , which in turn, transmits to the ear insert  46 . 
     It should be understood that this Specification describes exemplary, and therefore non-limiting, embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is not limited to any of these embodiments. Rather, these embodiments were disclosed as required. Thus, many changes and modifications—as apparent to those skilled in the art—are within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit hereof, and the inventive arrangements are inclusive thereof. Thus, to further apprise the public of the scope of this invention, the following claims are hereby made: