Patent Publication Number: US-2023152522-A1

Title: Re-Spliceable Splice-On Connector

Description:
FIELD 
     The present subject matter, in general, is directed to an optic fiber stub portion and, more particularly, is directed to a re-spliceable splice-on connector. 
     An optic fiber is a flexible and transparent fiber manufactured by drawing glass or plastic to a diameter slightly more than the diameter of a strand of human hair. [See “Optical Fiber,” The Fiber Optic Association.] Optic fibers, able to transmit light between end portions of optic fiber, are used in fiber-optic communications, as fibers permit data transmission over greater distances and at higher bandwidths (“higher data transfer rates”) than electrical cables. [“Optical Fiber,” cited above.] 
     Optic fibers are used instead of metal wires since signals travel along optic fibers with less flux intensity loss through them. [ Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice , by Senior, John M; and Jamro, M. Yousif (2009), Pearson education, pp. 7-9.] Also, optic fibers are immune to electromagnetic interference, a problem experienced when using metal wires. [ Optical Fiber Communications .] 
     In addition, optic fibers have a core covered by a transparent cladding material which has a lower index of refraction. [Optical Fiber Communications.] Light is kept in the core by the phenomenon of total internal reflection, thus causing the fiber to function as a waveguide. [ Optical Fiber Communications , pages 12-14.] 
     Joining optic fibers with low loss is important in optic fiber communication. [ Optical Fiber Communications , page 218.] Joining optic fibers, more complex than joining electrical wires or cables, involves careful cleaving of the optic fibers, precise alignment of fiber cores, and the precise coupling of resulting-aligned cores. [ Optical Fiber Communications .] For applications requiring permanent connections, a fusion splicer is typically used. Employing a fusion splicer technique, an electric arc is used to melt two optic fiber ends together. [ Optical Fiber Communications .] 
     Certain terms which I shall use throughout this patent application shall now be noted and defined as follows. The term “connector” shall be understood to refer to an optic fiber connector having four basic components: a ferrule; a connector body; a cable; and a coupling device. The term “fiber stub” shall be understood to refer to a length or piece of optic fiber, ordinarily very short in length, that extends from the back of a connector. The term “fiber stub length” shall be understood to refer to length, which will vary and can be about 125 mm, a preferred length for the present subject matter, for optic fiber extending from the back of a connector. 
     The term “fusion splicer” shall be understood to refer to a machine using an electric arc to melt two optic fibers together at cleaved end faces to form fused optic fiber. A resulting fusion splice permanently joins two optic fibers end-to-end, enabling light signals to pass from one end to the other with little loss. The splicer precisely adjusts, automatically in modern devices, light-guiding cores at the ends of the fibers to be spliced. The term “cable holder” refers to a device that positions or holds optic fiber cable in a splicer. Cable holders differ based on optic fiber diameter, with the most popular cable holders being designed for 250 µm, 900 µm, 2 mm, and 3 mm diameter cables, and 12-fiber “ribbon cable” consisting of twelve individual 250 µm diameter cables bonded together as a single cable. A “cable” consists of a core, cladding, buffer, and jacket. (See Wikipedia for such cable layers.) 
     The term “connector holder” shall be understood to refer to a device that holds and properly positions the connectors in a fusion splicer for splicing. The term “rubber boot” shall be understood to refer to an elongated (hollow) silicone rubber material, sized and shaped to cover and protect the splice area of the optic fiber. The rubber boot also connects to the connector, and thereby provides strain relief. The term “rubber boot length” shall be understood to refer to the total length of the rubber boot. The term “strain relief,” essential to preserve the mechanical and electrical integrity and overall performance of spliced optic fiber cables, shall be understood to refer to relief of stress and tension, in an optic fiber, that could cause damage to the fiber cable or the connection between the connector and the cable. 
     The term “FC” shall be understood to refer to an optic fiber cable connector using a threaded plug and socket. For bi-directional transmission, two optic fiber cables and two FC connectors are used. The term “SC,” an acronym for a standard connector and/or a subscriber connector, shall be understood to refer to an optic fiber cable connector using a push-pull latching mechanism resembling common audio and video cables. For bi-directional transmission, two optic fiber cables and two SC connectors (aka dual SC) are used. The term “LC,” an acronym for Lucent connector, shall be understood to refer to a miniature version of an optic fiber SC connector. While an LC connector resembles an SC connector, with an LC connector being half the size, an LC connector thus has a 1.25 mm ferrule instead of a 2.5 mm ferrule. The term “ST,” also referred to as a straight tip connector, the original de facto “standard” connector for commercial optic fiber cable wiring needs, shall be understood to refer to an optic fiber cable connector having a bayonet plug and a socket. Bi-directional transmission requires two fiber cables and two ST connectors. 
     The term “MPO” refers to an industry acronym for a “multi-fiber push on” connector, used by technicians and persons of ordinary skill in this field. The MPO connector was developed to provide multi-fiber connectivity in a single connector to support high bandwidth and high data density applications. While present fiber counts for MPO connectors are 12 and 24 optic fibers per connector, fusion splicers presently commercially available can only splice 12-fiber count MPO connectors. 
     The term “MTP,” also used by technicians and persons of ordinary skill in this field, shall be understood to refer to an assortment of high-performance MPO connectors with special enhancements engineered to provide MTP connectors with optical and/or mechanical performance improvements in comparison to ordinary MPO connectors. In 1996, “MTP” a federally registered trademark owned by US Conec and used in relation to a family of advanced MPO connectors designed for 4-, 8-, and 12-fiber ribbon applications, was released to the US market. In that same year, the International Electrotechnical Commission standardized this MPO format. 
     As a result, there are five types of optic fiber connectors: FC (single fiber); LC (single fiber); SC (single fiber); ST (single fiber); and MPO/MTP (12 or more fibers) 
     Current attempts to permanently join two optic fibers end-to-end, enabling optical light signals to pass from one optic fiber to another with minimal loss, will occasionally result in a “failure.” Such failure may occur when an optic fiber end portion is poorly cleaved by a cleaving mechanism; may occur when an optic fiber end portion has a crack in it; may occur when an optic fiber end portion is dirty; may occur when a fusion splicer over-arcs by accident and damages an optic fiber end portion; may occur when a given length of optic fiber is not properly arranged in the grooves of a cable splicer; or may occur when a portion of the length of optic fiber has a bend in it and a fusion splicer camera cannot focus upon the optic fiber. 
     However, using a fusion splicer to re-join optic fiber end portions resulting from such failure is currently impractical, based on current fiber-joining techniques. 
     Since I did not find a commercial product that addresses the failure problem noted and enables a fusion splicer easily to re-join optic fiber end portions resulting from such failures, I reviewed US patents and published applications for a solution. 
     U.S. Pat. 4,728,170 to Robertson discloses a process whereby a single mode optical fiber preset attenuator is made by forming a fusion splice between a length of silica fiber possessing no internal waveguiding structure to a length of single mode optical fiber, then cutting the silica fiber to a predetermined length to form a short stub that is next fusion-spliced to a second length of single mode fiber. U.S. Pat. 5,993,071 to Hultermans discloses an adapter that is used to connect a first optical fiber connector to a second optical fiber connector. The adapter makes it possible for optical fiber connectors with perpendicular and inclined end faces to be interconnected or connected to a corresponding different optical fiber system. 
     U.S. Pat. 6,805,491 and 6,955,478, both to Durrant et al., are directed to a device which includes a stub and an optical fiber. The stub has an aperture and includes a first end and a second end. The optical fiber, located in the aperture, has a first end and a second end. The first end of the optical fiber is polished, so as to be flush with the first end of the stub. The second end of the optical fiber is cleaved at a predetermined position, so as to provide for a predetermined length of the optical fiber measured from the first end to the second end of the optical fiber. 
     U.S. Pat. 7,178,990 to Cavey et al. is directed to a fiber optic stub fiber connector used for reversibly and nondestructively terminating an inserted field fiber having a buffer over a portion of it. The connector includes a housing and a ferrule including a stub fiber disposed within and extending from a bore through the ferrule. The ferrule is partially disposed within and supported by the housing. The connector further includes a reversible actuator adapted to reversibly and nondestructively terminate the inserted field fiber to the stub fiber. The reversible actuator includes a buffer clamp for engaging with the buffer to simultaneously provide reversible and nondestructive strain relief to the terminated field fiber. 
     U.S. Pat. 7,186,035 to Dunn et al. is directed to an optical fiber connector having a receptacle or socket which includes a recessed optical fiber ferrule assembly for aligning an optical fiber within the connector. Recessed within the socket is a sleeve for receiving and bringing into optical alignment the optical fiber ferrule assembly, located at an internal end of the socket, with a similar optical fiber ferrule assembly of an optical plug which is connected to the optical socket. 
     U.S. Pat. 7,261,473 to Owen et al. discloses an optical sub assembly that provides electrical isolation between a receptacle having a nose for receiving an optical fiber and a package housing an optical device. The nose houses a ferrule containing a fiber stub optically aligned with an optical device housed in a package before securing the receptacle to the package. The electrical insulation is provided between the nose and the package by a sleeve extending along a middle portion of the ferrule and an insulating portion located between the sleeve and the nose. 
     U.S. Pat.7,956,992 to Watt et al. is directed to a method for testing optical fiber connection quality of an optical drop fiber between a telecommunications system and a subscriber connection box in a multi-dwelling unit or other subscriber premises before connection to other subscriber equipment. An end portion of an optical fiber to-be-tested is placed in a fiber-holding device. The fiber-holding device holds the fiber end portion in alignment with a suitable reflective body. An optical signal is provided from the system direction which is reflected by the reflective body back towards the system. The reflected signal is detected by a suitable instrument, such as an optical time domain reflectometer, to confirm acceptable signal quality of the optical path between the system and the fiber end. 
     U.S. Pat. 8,556,521 to Everett et al. is directed to an optical connector for use in a fiber optic communications system, and to an expanded beam optical connector for connecting optical fibers. The connector comprises a housing, a port for receiving an optical fiber end, a cylindrical ferrule within the housing having opposite first and second ends, and an optical fiber stub held within the ferrule and extending between the ferrule ends. A sleeve surrounding the ferrule extends towards the port away from the second ferrule end to present an open end to the sleeve for receiving a termination ferrule of an optical fiber inserted into the port. 
     U.S. Pat. 9,557,492 and 9,897,770, both to Park et al., are directed to a hybrid optical fiber stub device comprising a first ferrule transparent to UV light and a second ferrule. An optical fiber is disposed through the first and second ferrules. The input and output faces of the optical fiber, when properly prepared, are suitable for optical coupling. A photonic device is coupled to the first optical fiber surface. A UV-curable epoxy is disposed between the photonic device and the first optical fiber surface. The UV-curable epoxy has an index of refraction that ranges from an index of refraction of the first optical fiber to an index of refraction of the photonic device. A second optical fiber is coupled to the first optical fiber. 
     U.S. Pat. 10,345,536 to Shao et al. is directed to an optical fiber connector, comprising: a housing, a ferrule within the housing; an end sleeve connected to a rear end of the housing; and an optical cable clamp inserted within the end sleeve. The clamp is provided for the purpose of clamping an optical cable. The optical cable is secured within the optical cable clamp. The optical cable clamp is inserted and secured within the end sleeve. The optical fiber of the optical cable is inserted within the housing and butt-joined with the embedded optical fiber in the ferrule. 
     U.S. Pat. 10,473,859 to Chabot et al. is directed to fiber optic connector comprising a fusion assembly for strengthening a splice point. The fusion assembly comprises an elongate mechanical support positioned adjacent the splice point and snugly encased by a flexible tube. A meltable adhesive in the form of a hollow tube is positioned over the splice point and the flexible tube comprises a heat shrinkable material. The elongate mechanical support comprises an elongate plate having a concave surface positioned adjacent the splice point and a C-shaped cross section. 
     U.S. Pat. US 10,761,277 to Durrant is directed to a vent or slot, which is provided between the ferrule and the stub body, for enabling gases generated from a low melting glass sealing process of an optical fiber to the ferrule stub to escape. 
     U.S. published application 2013/0004128 to Zhang discloses a device that enables a physical contact fiber optic connector into an expanded beam connector. The device includes a fiber stub, an aspherical lens, and a housing. The fiber stub includes a stub body and a predetermined length of optical fiber retained that is by the stub body. The housing retains the fiber stub and aspherical lens so that the length of optical fiber of the fiber stub is in optical communication with the lens. 
     U.S. published application 2021/0103097 to Wang is directed to a low-profile splice protection system for protecting multi-fiber fusion splice sites. The splice protection system includes coating material to package a splice site, and a housing. 
     However, these US patents and published applications do not provide solutions to problems occurring when an optic fiber end portion is poorly cleaved by a cleaving mechanism, when an optic fiber end portion is cracked, when an optic fiber end portion is dirty, when a fusion splicer accidentally over-arcs and damages an optic fiber end portion, when a given length of optic fiber is not properly arranged in grooves of a cable splicer, or when a portion of the length of optic fiber is bent and the fusion splicer camera, as a result, cannot focus upon the optic fiber. 
     To solve these problems, I increased optic fiber stub length extending from the connector by increasing a length of the associated rubber boot. One advantage of increasing the rubber boot length is that a longer optic fiber stub length eliminates a need for different connector holders relative to a fusion splicer. Connector holders are expensive and not universal to different types of connectors or fusion splicers. My design only requires a cable holder for an optic fiber stub, a simpler design. Another advantage is that a longer fiber stub length provides up to three opportunities to splice optic fiber ends correctly instead of the current single opportunity to splice correctly, thus saving money on “failed-splice” connections. Still another advantage of my solution to these problems is that an increased boot length better protects optic fiber within the boot, which improves fiber strain relief. 
     SUMMARY 
     The elongated optic fiber stub portion of the present invention results from using an elongated hollow elastomeric tubular member, also known as a rubber boot, preferably made of silicone rubber, in connection with a method for fusing two end portions of optic fiber together. The method includes the following steps. 
     A first step involves passing an end of a first optic fiber having an insulation layer through the elongated tubular member and then through a heat-meltable sleeve. A second step involves stripping away the insulation layer from an end portion of the first optic fiber. A third step involves cleaning the insulation-stripped end portion with an effective amount of cleaning fluid and then cleaving an end face of the cleaned end portion of the optic fiber. A fourth step involves positioning the cleaved end face of the cleaned end portion of the first optic fiber in a fusion splicer. A fifth step involves stripping an insulation layer from an end portion of a second optic fiber. The second optic fiber includes an optic fiber connector that is attached to an end portion opposite the insulation-stripped end portion. A sixth step involves cleaning the second optic fiber end portion stripped of insulation with an effective amount of cleaning fluid and thereafter cleaving an end face of the cleaned end portion of the second optic fiber. A seventh step involves positioning the second optic fiber cleaved end portion in the fusion splicer closely adjacent, preferably abutting, the cleaved end portion of the second optic fiber. An eighth step involves fusing together the cleaved end faces of the first and second fibers. 
     A ninth step involves moving the sleeve made of meltable plastic over the fused-together end portions of the first and second optic fibers and then inserting the sleeved portion of the fused first and second fibers into an oven to melt the sleeve for the purpose of protecting the fused-together portions of the fibers. The elongated tubular member has opposite end portions; and one end portion of the elongated tubular member defines a tip. A tenth step involves sliding the hollow elongated tubular member over the sleeve-protected fused ends of the first and second optic fibers and attaching the end portion of the elongated tubular member that is located opposite the tip to the optic fiber connector. The elongated tubular member has a length effective for resulting in the sleeve-protected fused optic fibers disposed therein, to be cut near the tubular member tip, for producing an elongated optic fiber stub portion of the present subject matter. When the eighth step results in a failure to fuse abutting end faces of the first and second optic fibers, the second through eighth steps are repeated, and the ninth and tenth steps performed, whenever successful fusion of end faces of the two optic fibers occurs. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The patent or application file contains at least one drawing/screen shot executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.  FIGS.  1 A,  1 B,  1 C and  1 D  are screen shots of a video of step 1 of a method demonstrating the fusing of two cleaved end faces of optic fiber together, a noted use for the optic fiber elongated stub portion of the present subject matter. 
         FIGS.  2 A,  2 B,  2 C, and  2 D  are video screen shots of step 2 of the method. 
         FIGS.  3 A and  3 B  are video screen shots of step 3 of the method. 
         FIGS.  4 A and  4 B  are video screen shots of step 4 of the method. 
         FIGS.  5 A and  5 B  are video screen shots of step 5 of the method. 
         FIGS.  6 A and  6 B  are video screen shots of step 6 of the method. 
         FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  are video screen shots of step 7 of the method. 
         FIGS.  8 A,  8 B,  8 C, and  8 D  are video screen shots of step 8 of the method. 
         FIGS.  9 A and  9 B  are video screen shots of step 9 of the method. 
         FIGS.  10 A and  10 B  are video screen shots of step 10 of the method. 
         FIGS.  11 A,  11 B,  11 C, and  11 D  are video screen shots of step 11 of the method. 
         FIGS.  12 A,  12 B,  12 C, and  12 D  are video screen shots of step 12 of the method. 
         FIG.  13    depicts two examples of optic fiber stub portions, one depicting the prior art, and the other an elongated stub portion of the present subject matter. 
         FIG.  14    depicts two examples of optic fiber stub portions shown in  FIG.  13   , but with their associated components disassembled, to clearly show select details. 
     
    
    
     Throughout the drawing figures and detailed description, I shall use similar reference numerals to refer to similar components of the present subject matter. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Step 1: Pass Optic Fiber End through an Elongated Boot and Plastic Sleeve. Please refer to  FIG.  1 A  which shows a technician using his/her right hand RH to hold a hollow and elongated elastomeric tubular member made of rubber, known as a rubber boot  100  by those of ordinary skill in this field. The technician, shown holding in his/her left LH an end portion  102  of an optic cable  104 , is inserting the end portion  102  of the optic cable  104  into an opening at a hollow tip  106  located at one end portion of the elongated elastomeric tubular member  100  preferably made of silicone rubber, which I refer to as a “rubber boot” throughout this patent application.  FIG.  1 B  shows the end portion  102  of optic cable  104  extending from an opposite end  108  of the elastomeric tubular member or rubber boot  100  after the end portion  102  of optic cable  104  was pushed through the rubber boot  100 . After the technician has pulled the end portion  102  of the optic cable  104  through the tubular member or rubber boot  100  and set the rubber boot  100  down to the left (beyond the field of view),  FIG.  1 C  shows how the technician next uses his/her right hand RH to hold a clear plastic sleeve  110  and then insert with his/her left hand LH the end portion  102  of optic cable  104  into one end of the clear plastic sleeve  110 .  FIG.  1 D  shows the technician using his/her right hand RH to grip the plastic sleeve  110  and slide the plastic sleeve  110  to the left along optic cable  104 . 
     Step 2: Insert Optic Fiber into a Fiber Holder and then into Thermal Stripper.  FIG.  2 A  presents the technician holding in his/her left hand LH a fiber holder  112  having a hinged cover  114 . The technician first places the optic fiber  104  in the fiber holder  112  (see  FIG.  2 A ), with the end portion  102  of the optic fiber  104  extending from about 1 inch to about 1.25 inches from the fiber holder  112 . The technician thereafter uses the hinged cover  114  to secure the optic fiber  104  to the fiber holder  112 , with the end portion  102  of the optic fiber  104  extending from about 1 inch to about 1.25 inches from the fiber holder  112 . (Please see  FIG.  2 B .) The technician next places the fiber holder  112  (now clinching the end portion  102 ) into a thermal stripper  116  (Please refer to  FIGS.  2 B and  2 C ) to strip insulation from the end optic fiber  104  from the end portion  102 . (Please refer to  FIG.  2 D .) 
     Step 3: Clean Optic Fiber with Cleaning Fluid and Cleave in Precision Cleaver.  FIG.  3 A  shows the technician holding in his/her left hand LH a cleaning cloth  118  to which was applied a suitable cleaning fluid. The technician then uses the cleaning cloth  118  which has an effective amount of the cleaning fluid to clean the insulation stripped portion of optic fiber  104  (not shown) extending from the fiber holder  112 . The technician next inserts the fiber holder  112  containing the optic fiber  104  with its now insulation-stripped and “cleaned” end portion  102  into a precision cleaver  120  to cleave the end face of end portion  102  (not shown). (Please see  FIG.  3 B .) 
     Steps 1-3 and figures associated with steps 1-3 represent preparation of an end face of the optic cable in accordance with the present subject matter, one advantage of which is a longer fiber stub length for the optic fiber, providing up to three opportunities to splice a connector correctly instead of the sole opportunity currently to splice optic fiber end faces correctly. Steps 4-8 that follow, and figures associated with steps 4-8, represent preparation of an end face of another optic fiber, to which the longer fiber stub end face can be joined up to three times if “failure” occurs, which results in reduced time and expense to correct such failure. 
     Step 4: Place Fiber Holder in Fusion Splicer; Then, Prepare Other Optic Fiber. Next, the technician is shown using his/her right hand RH to position the fiber holder  112  (now containing the freshly-cleaved end face of the optic fiber  104 ) within a fusion splicer  122 . (Please refer to  FIG.  4 A .) Also, a pigtail assembly  200  for another optic fiber is prepared for a similar insulation-stripping procedure. The pigtail assembly  200  includes another optic fiber  202  extending from a back of an optic fiber connector  204  ( FIG.  4 A ). To prepare to strip insulation from an end portion of the other optic fiber  202 , the technician uses both hands to insert the connector pigtail assembly  200  ( FIG.  4 A ) in another fiber holder  206  ( FIG.  4 B ). 
     Step 5: Next, Place Fiber Holder into Thermal Stripper to Strip Off Insulation. Next, the technician places the other fiber holder  206  (containing the connector pigtail assembly  200  -  FIG.  4 A ) into the thermal stripper  116  ( FIGS.  5 A and  5 B ) to strip off insulation from an end portion of the other optic cable  202  ( FIG.  4 A ). 
     Step 6: Remove Other Optic Cable From Stripper and Clean End Portion. After insulation which had been on the end portion  210  of the other optic fiber  202  has been stripped away by operation of the thermal stripper  116  ( FIG.  6 A ), the insulation-stripped end portion  210  of the other optic fiber  202  is cleaned by the technician using an effective amount of cleaning fluid on the cloth  118 , for cleaning the insulation-stripped end portion  210  of the other optic fiber  202  ( FIGS.  6 A,  6 B ). 
     Step 7: Put Clean End Portion in Cleaver; Put Fiber Holder into Fusion Splicer. Next, the other fiber holder  206 , which I shall now refer to as the “second” fiber holder  206  (containing the connector pigtail assembly  200  with its freshly-cleaned and insulation-stripped end portion  210  of the second optic fiber  202 ), is inserted into the precision cleaver  120  (please refer to  FIG.  7 A ) by the technician for the purpose of cleaving the end face of the freshly-cleaned and insulation-stripped end portion  210  of the second optic fiber  202 . Then, after the end face of the cleaned and insulation-stripped away end portion  210  of the other optic cable  202  has been cleaved by the technician using the precision cleaver  120  (please see  FIG.  7 A ), the technician next inserts the second fiber holder  206  (containing the now-cleaved end face of the second optic fiber  202 ) into the fusion splicer  122  (see  FIG.  7 B ). 
     Please note that the fusion splicer  122 , at this time, also contains the fiber holder  112  (containing the cleaved end face of end portion  102  of optic fiber  104 ) that the technician inserted into fusion splicer  122  earlier. ( FIG.  4 A  and step  4 .) 
     Also please note that the fusion splicer  122  includes an operational portion  126  (for fusing together the cleaved end faces of abutting optic fibers) and a cover portion  128  connected to the operational portion  126  by a hinged assembly that is unitary with both the operational portion  126  and the cover portion  128  ( FIG.  7 B ). 
     Step 8: Close Cover of Splicer and Fuse End Faces of Optic Fibers Together. Next, the cover  128  is closed over the abutting end faces of the first and second optic fibers  104  and  202  ( FIG.  8 A ). Then, the fusion splicer  122  ( FIG.  7 A ) is used by the technician to fuse the abutting end faces of the first and second optic fibers  104  and  202  together. A panel  130  associated with the fusion splicer  122  provides a visual assessment of the progress of the fusion of the abutting end faces of the first and second optic fibers  104  and  202 . In particular, broken lines  132 , when displayed on the panel  130  ( FIG.  8 A ), indicate that fusion is “in progress,” while a solid line  134  displayed on the panel  130  ( FIG.  8 B ) indicates that fusion of abutting end faces is completed. The fusion splicer  122  indicates when end-face fusion of the two optic fibers is successful. An example of successful end-face fusion is as follows: After the panel  130  of the fusion splicer  122  indicates that end-face fusion of the two optic fibers  104  and  202  has been completed ( FIG.  8 B ), the fusion splicer  122  is opened. Successful end-face fusion of the two optic fibers  104  and  202  is shown as having occurred ( FIG.  8 C ), with the technician holding in his/her right hand RH the first optic fiber  104 . In  FIG.  8 C , the first optic fiber  104  is shown as still retained by the first fiber holder  112 . Also, the second optic fiber  202  is shown as still retained by the second optic fiber holder  206 . In addition, the second optic fiber connector  204  is clearly shown attached to an end portion of the second optic fiber  202 , which is opposite the fused end-face portion of the second optic fiber  202 . In  FIG.  8 D , the first optic fiber  104 , now removed from the first fiber holder  112 , is shown being held in the right hand RH of the technician. Also shown is the second optic fiber  202 , which is now joined to the first optic fiber  104  at a fused end-face plane  138 , within a fused end-face region  140 . (Please see  FIG.  8 D .) 
     Failure to Successfully Fuse Optic Fiber End Faces: Hypothetical Example 1. Yet, the fusion splicer  122  also notifies the technician when end-face fusion of the two optic fibers has “failed.” Let us assume, therefore, that end-face fusion of the two optic fibers  104  and  202  has failed, and that corrective action is now required. 
     Step 9, Part 1: Open Splicer; Remove Optic Fibers; Cut; Re-Fuse End Faces. Because the fusion splicer  122  indicated a “failure” at the end-face plane  138 , (within the now-joined end-face region  140 ), it became necessary to open the fusion splicer  122 . This is done by removing cover  128  from operational portion  126 . The technician next removed now-joined first and second optic fibers  104  and  202  from their respective first and second fiber holders  112  and  206 . (Please refer to  FIG.  9 A .) After determining that “failure” resulted from a “fault” in the optic fibers  104 ,  202 , it became necessary for the technician to use a pair of wire cutters  300  to cut optic fibers  104 ,  202  to remove the “fault.” (Please refer to  FIG.  9 B .) To properly fuse the end faces of the optic fibers  104 ,  202 , steps  2 - 8  were repeated. 
     Failure to Successfully Fuse Optic Fiber End Faces: Hypothetical Example 2. Let us assume that the fusion splicer  122  has notified the technician that end-face fusion of the optic fibers has again “failed,” and that corrective action is required. 
     Step 9, Part 2: Open Splicer; Remove Optic Fibers; Cut; Re-Fuse End Faces. Because the fusion splicer  122  indicated a “failure” at the end-face plane  138 , (within the now-joined end-face region  140 ), it shall again be necessary to open the fusion splicer  122 . (Please refer to Step 9-1 and  FIG.  9 A .) After determining that “failure” resulted from a “fault” in the optic fibers  104  and  202 , it became necessary for the technician to use a pair of wire cutters  300  to cut optic fibers  104  and  202  to remove the “fault.” (Please refer to Step 9-1 and  FIG.  9 B .) Finally, in order to properly fuse the end faces of the optic fibers  104 ,  202 , steps 2-8 were repeated. 
     Step 10: End-Face Fusion of Optic Fibers Successful; Open Fusion Splicer. The end-face fusion of freshly-cleaved end portions of the optic fibers  104 ,  202  was again completed, which fusion splicer  122  indicated ( FIG.  10 A ). This time, after steps 2-8 had been performed three times, end-face fusion was successful; and the fusion splicer  122  was opened by pivoting cover  128  toward panel  130  ( FIG.  10 B ). 
     Step 11: Move Sleeve Over End-Spliced Area; Transfer Sleeved Area to Oven. After removing the spliced-together optic fibers  104 ,  202  ( FIG.  10 B ) from the fusion splicer  122 , the technician then slides protective plastic sleeve  110  ( FIG.  11 A ) over an area surrounding the spliced optic fibers  104 ,  202  ( FIG.  11 B ). Next, the technician transfers the sleeved, spliced optic fibers  104 ,  202  into an oven  150  ( FIG.  11 C ), and brings an oven cover  152  over the sleeved area ( FIG.  11 D ), to melt the sleeve  110  to protect the fused end-faces of the two optic fibers  104 ,  202 . 
     Step 12: Melt-Protection Completed; Remove Optic Fiber; Bring Up Boot. After the procedure to protect optic fibers  104 ,  202  by melting protective plastic sleeve  110  over their fused end-faces is completed ( FIG.  12 A ), fused optic fibers  104 ,  202  are removed from oven  150  ( FIG.  12 B ). Next, the technician brings up the boot  100  by sliding the boot  100  along the joined optic fibers  104  and  202  ( FIG.  12 B ) toward optic fiber connector  204  ( FIG.  12 C ). The technician then attaches boot end portion  108  opposite the tip  106  ( FIG.  12 D ) to the optic fiber connector  204 . This completes the process to fuse optic fiber end faces together. 
     Prior Art Rubber Boot vis-à-vis Example of Boot of Present Subject Matter.  FIG.  13    depicts a prior art rubber boot  100 A and an associated connector joined at an end of the prior art boot  100 A.  FIG.  13    also depicts another rubber boot  100 B which is an illustrative example of the present subject matter. Prior art boots for FC, LC, SC, and ST type optic fiber connectors are about 40 millimeters (“mm”) in length. Prior art boots for MPO optic fiber connectors are about 8 mm in length. Rubber boots of the present subject matter, for FC, LC, SC, and ST type optic fiber connectors are about 130 mm in length, and for MPO connectors is about 126 mm. 
     Prior Art Fiber Stub Length vis-à-vis Stub Length of Present Subject Matter.  FIG.  14    depicts a prior art rubber boot  100 A separated from an associated connector  204 A, and an optic fiber fused end-face region  140 A located between the rubber boot  100 A and connector  204 A. For prior art, an optic fiber stub  400 A extending from the connector  204 A to optic fiber fused end-face region  140 A is a piece of optic fiber measuring about 10 mm to about 15 mm in length.  FIG.  14    also depicts a rubber boot  100 B, which is an example of the present subject matter, separated from an associated connector  204 B, and an optic fiber fused end-face region  140 B located between the rubber boot  100 B and connector  204 B. In this example of the present subject matter, an optic fiber stub  400 B extending from the connector  204 B to the optic fiber fused end-face region  140 B is a piece of optic fiber measuring about 120 mm to 130 mm in length, preferably 125 mm in length. 
     What has been illustrated and described in this application is an elongated optic fiber stub portion and an associated method. While the present subject matter has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, the present subject matter is not limited to these examples. On the contrary, many alternatives, changes, and/or modifications will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the field of the present subject matter after this application is read. Thus, all such alternatives, changes, and/or modifications are to be treated as part of the present subject matter insofar as they fall within the spirit and scope of claims that follow.