Patent Publication Number: US-2017373966-A1

Title: Packet Transmission Method, Node, Path Management Server and Storage Medium

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a data transmission technology of a communication system, in particular to a message transmission method, nodes, path management servers and a storage medium. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Segment Routing (SR) technology refers to a technology of superposing a layer of node information that influences an existing message transmission path outside a data message based on routing of a source address, and transmitting the message using the shortest path according to the node information carried by the data message. When a message containing a segment routing message header is transmitted in an SR domain, a network device performs a corresponding operation according to a segment operation indicator in the segment routing message header. Through a designated path forwarding function of SR, complex network functions such as load balance and quick rerouting of a network can be conveniently realized. When the segment operation indicator is extended to a routing indicator based on a service or topology, segment routing may also realize service-based network virtualization and applications in terms of operation, management and maintenance. 
     SR technology fully utilizes the existing Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology and Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) technology to carry a SR Header in a message header of an MPLS network or a message header of an IPv6 network; and SR technology is compatible with and inherits features of forwarding a data plane through MPLS, and does not need to modify the message header of MPLS when forwarding of segment routing is performed. 
     In MPLS data packaging, a segment list in the SR Header is described by means of a label stack, a segment label carried by the message will be peeled off layer by layer in a message transmission process, so as to enable the message to lose a source segment identity (ID) and segment ID sequence information. In the message transmission process, if a transmission link fails and consequently a message loss is caused, since the message does not have the source node address information and segment ID sequence information of the message, a failure node cannot notify an upstream node thereof to perform switching of the message path. 
     In the message transmission process, when the transmission link fails, since an intermediate forwarding node of a message transmission network cannot carry all segment list information, a source node and an upstream node of the message cannot be determined, and if only a global label forwarding mode is depended, it is very likely to form a message transmission ring, thereby resulting in unreasonable utilization of network bandwidth. 
     SUMMARY 
     In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure expect to provide a message transmission method, nodes, path management servers and a storage medium, which can implement quick notification of link faults and quick switching of message transmission paths. 
     The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure are implemented as follows: 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a message transmission method, including: carrying a routing label and segment list information in a message, and transmitting the routing label and the segment list information along with the message in a message transmission process; the routing label being used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information being used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Alternatively, the segment list information includes: a segment list or a segment list identity LIST ID. 
     Alternatively, when the segment list information is the LIST ID, the method further includes: sending, by a message transmission node, a segment list of the message transmission node itself; and receiving a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list. 
     Alternatively, the method further includes: in the message transmission process, when a link between a first node and a second node fails, acquiring, by the first node, an upstream node of the first node according to the segment list information and sending a notification to the upstream node. 
     Alternatively, the method further includes: configuring or computing a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information; and 
     correspondingly, the method further includes: in the message transmission process, when a link between a first node and a second node fails, switching, by the first node, a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     Alternatively, the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a node, including: a first receiving module and a first sending module; herein, 
     the first receiving module is arranged to receive a message carrying a routing label and segment list information; 
     the first sending module is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Alternatively, the segment list information includes: a segment list or a LIST ID. 
     Alternatively, when the segment list information is the LIST ID, the first sending module is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself; and 
     the first receiving module is further arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list. 
     Alternatively, the node further includes: 
     a first processing module, arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, acquire an upstream node of the node according to the segment list information and send a notification to the upstream node; 
     or arranged to: configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     Alternatively, the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a path management server, including: a second receiving module, a first building module and a second sending module; herein, 
     the second receiving module is arranged to receive segment lists of various nodes; 
     the first building module is arranged to allocate a LIST ID for each segment list received by the second receiving module and establish a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     the second sending module is arranged to notify all nodes of the mapping table established by the first building module; and 
     the LIST ID is used for mapping a transmission path of a message and is carried in the message, and is transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a node, including: a packaging module and a third sending module; herein, 
     the packaging module is arranged to package a routing label and segment list information in a transmission message; 
     the third sending module is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Alternatively, the segment list information includes: a segment list or a LIST ID. 
     Alternatively, when the segment list information is the LIST ID, the node further includes: a third receiving module arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; and 
     correspondingly, the third sending module is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself. 
     Alternatively, the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value. 
     Alternatively, the node further includes: 
     a second processing module, arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a node, including: a first processing device and a second processing device; herein, 
     the first processing device is arranged to receive a message carrying a routing label and segment list information; and 
     the second processing device is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Alternatively, the node further includes: 
     a third processing device, arranged to, when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, acquire an upstream node of the node according to the segment list information and send a notification to the upstream node; 
     or arranged to configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a path management server, including: a fourth processing device, a fifth processing device and a sixth processing device; herein, 
     the fourth processing device is arranged to receive segment lists of various nodes; 
     the fifth processing device is arranged to allocate a LIST ID for each segment list received by the fourth processing device and establish a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     the sixth processing device is arranged to notify all nodes of the mapping table established by the fifth processing device; and 
     the LIST ID is used for mapping a transmission path of a message and is carried in the message, and is transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a node, including: a seventh processing device and an eighth processing device; herein, 
     the seventh processing device is arranged to package a routing label and segment list information into a transmission message; and 
     the eighth processing device is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Alternatively, when the segment list information is a LIST ID, the node further includes: a ninth processing device arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; and 
     correspondingly, the eighth processing device is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself. 
     Alternatively, the node further includes: 
     a tenth processing device, arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer storage medium, storing computer-executable instructions used for executing the above message transmission method of the embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     According to the message transmission method, nodes, path management servers and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, a routing label and segment list information are carried in a message, and the routing label and the segment list information are transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process; the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. So, when a link between a first node and a second node fails in the message transmission process, the first node can acquire an upstream node of the first node according to the segment list information and send a notification to the upstream node; or a standby path for message transmission can be configured or computed according to the segment list information, and when the link between the first node and the second node fails in the message transmission process, the first node switches the message transmission path to the standby path, whereby quick notification of link faults and quick switching of message transmission paths are implemented. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a processing flowchart of a message transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of a routing label according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a schematic diagram of a first message format carrying a routing label according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  illustrates a schematic diagram of a second message format carrying a routing label according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates a schematic diagram of a third message format carrying a routing label according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates a basic flowchart of performing management and notification to an LIST ID according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  illustrates a schematic diagram of a network topology structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 8  illustrates a processing flowchart of application embodiment one of a message transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates a processing flowchart of application embodiment two of a message transmission method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 10  illustrates a detailed flowchart of performing management and notification to an LIST ID according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of a node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 12  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of a path management server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 13  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of another node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 14  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of another node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 15  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of another path management server according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 16  illustrates a schematic diagram of a component structure of another node according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS 
     In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a routing label and segment list information are carried in a message, and are transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process; the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message; herein, the segment list information includes a segment list or a LIST ID. 
     Further, in the message transmission process, when a link between a first node and a second node fails, the first node acquires an upstream node of the first node according to the segment list information and sends a notification to the upstream node; 
     or, a standby path for message transmission is configured or computed in advance in various nodes according to the segment list information, and when the link between the first node and the second node fails in the message transmission process, the first node switches a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a processing process of a message transmission method, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , includes the following steps: 
     in step  101 , a routing label and segment list information are carried in a message, herein the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information, and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message; 
     herein, the segment list information includes: a segment list or a LIST ID; 
     the routing label has a length of 32 bits, and the component structure of the routing label, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , includes: an SR indicator field, a priority field, a stack bottom flag field and a Time To Live (TTL) field; specifically, the SR indicator field is used for filling a routing label value, and the routing label value may be specified by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (TANA); and the priority field, the stack bottom flag field and the TTL field respectively have the same meanings as the priority, stack bottom flag and TTL in the existing MPLS label. 
     A message format carrying the routing label and the segment list information includes three formats, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 , respectively; herein, when the segment list information is a segment list, the formats of the message carrying the segment list information are as illustrated in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4 ; and the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value. When the segment list information is the LIST ID, the format of the message carrying the segment list information is as illustrated in  FIG. 5 . 
     A first message format carrying the routing label and the segment list information illustrated in  FIG. 3  includes: a Length field, an Option field, a Segment List Flag field, a Resv field and a Segment field; herein the Length field represents a length of the segment list information by taking 32 bits as a unit, i.e., if the Length field is 1, it indicates that the length of the carried segment routing information is 32 bits, i.e., one segment value is carried thereafter. If the Length field is 2, the length of the carried segment routing information is 64 bits, i.e., two segment values are carried thereafter, and so on. The Option field represents the option field of the message and is used for carrying flag information; the Segment List Flag field represents a specific segment value in the carried segment list, and the segment value represents specifically passed segments and is represented by a segment ID value, i.e., a segment node identity value, for example, a 1st location bit, i.e., Segment 1, represents carrying an Ingress Segment, a 2nd location bit, i.e., Segment 2, represents carrying an Egress Segment, a 3rd location bit, i.e., Segment n(n=3), represents carrying a Segment List, and 4th-12th location bits, i.e., Segment n(n=4-12), may be defined according to actual needs; and Resv represents reservation and is used for subsequent extension. 
     For example, supposing that the message does not carry the Egress Segment but only carries the Ingress Segment and the Segment List, a first bit of the Segment List Flag is 1, a second bit of the Segment List Flag is 0, and a third bit of the Segment List Flag is 1; correspondingly, a first record of the segment list is the Ingress Segment, and a second record to a (n+1)th record of the segment list are a segment value in the Segment List, i.e., Segment 1-Segment n. 
     A second message format carrying the routing label and the segment list information illustrated in  FIG. 4  is that the original label location is extended and represented as the Length field and the TTL field is extended and represented as the Segment List Flag field on the basis of the existing MPLS format; herein the definitions and formats of the Length field and the Segment List Flag are the same as that in the message format illustrated in  FIG. 3 , and a length-extensible segment value with a corresponding length is carried according to the length field. 
     A third message format carrying the routing label and the segment list information illustrated in  FIG. 5  includes: a SEGMENT LIST ID, a priority, a stack bottom flag and a TTL; herein the SEGMENT LIST ID is used for mapping different Segment List values with an optional length by a fixed length and reducing message packaging length overhead of the specific Segment List, e.g., the length thereof may be the same as the length of the existing label value, and the priority field, the stack bottom flag field and the TTL field respectively have the same meaning as the priority, the stack bottom flag and the TTL in the existing MPLS label. 
     When the segment list information is the LIST ID, a basic process of performing management and notification to the LIST ID, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , includes the following steps: 
     in step  1   a , a node sends a segment list of the node itself to a path management server; 
     herein, the path management server is used for managing segment routing information in an SR domain; the path management server may be a node in a routing domain or may be located on an exterior controller or server; and when the path management server is located on the exterior controller or server, it may be a path computation element (PCE) server, a node, an Interface to routing system 12RS Client, a Client or a controller of OpenFlow. 
     When the path management server is the node in the routing domain, other nodes except the node used as the path management server send segment lists of the other nodes themselves to the path management server through Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). 
     When the path management server is an exterior controller or server, the node sends the segment list of the node itself to the path management sever through a designated protocol, e.g., 12RS protocol, Border Gateway Protocol-Link State (BGP-LS) protocol or Open Flow protocol. 
     In step  1   b , the path management server allocates a LIST ID for each segment list received and establishes a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list. 
     In step  1   c , the path management server notifies all nodes in a routing domain of the mapping table; 
     specifically, the protocol used by the path management server to notify all nodes in the routing domain of the mapping table is the same as the protocol used by the node to send the segment list of the node itself to the path management server. 
     In step  1   d , when a segment routing message is packaged, a routing label and segment list information are carried after a segment value for forwarding in an existing message package. 
     In step  102 , the routing label and the segment list information are transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process. 
     Further, in the message transmission process, when a link between a first node and a second node fails, the method further includes the following step: 
     In step  103 , the first node acquires an upstream node of the first node according to the segment list information and sends a notification to the upstream node; 
     here, the notification is a link failure notification. 
     Or, the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes that: a standby path for message transmission is configured or computed in advance at each node according to the segment list information. 
     Correspondingly, in the message transmission process, when the link between the first node and the second node fails, the method further includes the following step: 
     In step  103 ′, the first node switches a message transmission path to the standby path; here, a standby path for message transmission is configured or computed at each node in the message transmission process according to the message transmission path indicated by the segment list information; the standby path is acquired through computation or configuration according to a transmission path node between a source node and an intermediate node, and the node in the standby path does not include the nodes which have already been passed through in the message transmission path. 
     In actual application, in the message transmission process, when the link between the first node and the second node fails, whether the first node has the standby path for the message transmission path may be first judged; if yes, the first node switches the message transmission path to the standby path; if no, the first node acquires an upstream node of the first node according to the segment list information and sends a notification to the upstream node. 
     Taking a network topology structure illustrated in  FIG. 7  as an example, when HOST1 and HOST2 communicate, the topology structure, i.e., the SR domain includes six SR, i.e., SR1-SR6, and supposing that a link between SR5 and SR6 fails and a standby path for the message transmission path is already generated in SR5 according to configuration or a policy, a processing procedure of an application example of the message transmission method provided by Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, as illustrated in  FIG. 8 , includes the following steps: 
     in step  201 , Host1 is accessed to a network through SR1 and a message is packaged on SR1; 
     specifically, a transmission path of the message, i.e., segment routing information, is designated as SR1-SR2-SR5-SR6; and the packaged message carries a routing label and segment list information, the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information, and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message; 
     here, the segment list information is a segment list; 
     in step  202 , SR1 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information to SR2; 
     specifically, the routing label and the segment list can be carried in the form of an MPLS label; 
     herein, how SR1 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR2 is the existing technology and thus is not repeated here. 
     In step  203 , SR2 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR5; 
     here, the method that SR2 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR5 is the same as the method that SR1 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR2. 
     In step  204 , when SR5 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR6 and it is found that a link between SR5 and SR6 fails and a standby path is generated in SR5, SR5 switches a message transmission path to the standby path; 
     herein, the standby path is acquired by configuration or computation according to a message transmission path configured or computed in advance in various nodes, such as SR5, indicated by a segment list, and a node in the standby path does not include a node which is already passed through in the message transmission path. 
     In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the standby path generated in advance in SR5 is SR5-SR3-SR6. 
     In step  205 , SR5 transmits the message to SR3 according to the standby path generated in advance, then SR3 transmits the message to SR6, and finally SR6 transmits the message to HOST2. 
     Taking a network topology structure illustrated in  FIG. 7  as an example, when HOST1 and HOST2 communicate, the topology structure, i.e., an SR domain includes six SR, i.e., SR1-SR6, and supposing that a link between SR5 and SR6 fails and a standby path is not generated in SR5 according to configuration or a policy, a processing procedure of an application example of the message transmission method of Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure, as illustrated in  FIG. 9 , includes the following steps: 
     in step  301 , Host1 is accessed to a network through SR1 and a message is packaged on SR1; 
     here, a message transmission path designated for Host1 to Host2 is SR1-SR2-SR5-SR6; 
     and SR message is packaged on SR1, the message carries a routing label and segment list information, the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information, and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message; 
     here, the segment list information is a LIST ID; 
     specifically, when the segment list information is the LIST ID, before the message is packaged, the method further includes performing management and notification to the LIST ID, and taking that SR3 is configured as a path management server of the SR domain as an example, a specific process of performing management and notification to the LIST ID, as illustrated in  FIG. 10 , includes the following steps: 
     in step  2   a , each node on a transmission path sends a segment list of the node itself to SR3; 
     specifically, SR1, SR2, SR5 and SR6 respectively send a segment list thereof to SR3; 
     herein, the segment list of SR1 is SR1-SR2-SR5-SR6, the segment list of SR2 is SR2-SR5-SR6, the segment list of SR5 is SR5-SR6 and the segment list of SR6 is SR6. 
     In step  2   b , SR3 allocates a LIST ID for each segment list received and establishes a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     specifically, the LIST ID allocated by SR3 for the segment list of SR1 is 1, the LIST ID allocated by SR3 for the segment list of SR2 is 2, the LIST ID allocated by SR3 for the segment list of SR5 is 3 and the LIST ID allocated by SR3 for the segment list of SR6 is 4; and the mapping table of segment lists and LIST IDs of various nodes is as illustrated in Table 1: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Node 
                 Segment list 
                 LIST ID 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 SR1 
                 SR1-SR2-SR5-SR6 
                 1 
               
               
                 SR2 
                 SR2-SR5-SR6 
                 2 
               
               
                 SR5 
                 SR5-SR6 
                 3 
               
               
                 SR6 
                 SR6 
                 4 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     In step  2   c , SR3 notifies all nodes in a routing domain of the mapping table; 
     specifically, SR3 notifies SR1, SR2, SR5 and SR6 of the mapping table. 
     In step  2   d , when SR1 packages a message, the LIST ID is carried after a segment list for forwarding in the existing message package; 
     herein, how SR1 specifically packages the message is the existing technology and thus is not repeated here. 
     In step  302 , SR1 sends the message carrying a routing label and a LIST ID to SR2; 
     specifically, the routing label and the segment list can be carried in the form of an MPLS label; 
     herein, how SR1 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR2 is the existing technology and thus is not repeated here. 
     In step  303 , SR2 sends the message carrying the routing label and the LIST ID to SR5; 
     here, the method that SR2 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR5 is the same as the method that SR1 sends the message carrying the routing label and the segment list to SR2. 
     In step  304 , when SR5 sends the message carrying the routing label to SR6 and it is found that a link between SR5 and SR6 fails, SR5 acquires an upstream node of SR5 according to the LIST ID carried in the message and sends a notification to the upstream node; 
     specifically, SR5 carries a LIST ID value after determining the routing label according to the routing label carried in the message, queries the mapping table of its own segment list and LIST ID according to the LIST ID value, and determines that the segment list with the LIST ID value of 1 is SR1-SR2-SR5-SR6, thereby acquiring that an upstream of SR5 is SR2, and SR5 sends a notification to SR2; the notification is a link failure notification between SR5 and SR6. 
     In step  305 , after receiving the notification sent by SR5, SR2 sends the message according to a standby path generated by itself; 
     specifically, SR2 sends the message to SR3, SR3 sends the message to SR6 after receiving the message, and SR6 sends the message to HOST2 after receiving the message. 
     In order to implement the message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a node, and the component structure of the node is as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , including a first receiving module  11  and a first sending module  12 ; herein, 
     the first receiving module  11  is arranged to receive a message carrying a routing label and segment list information; and 
     the first sending module  12  is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information received by the first receiving module  11 ; 
     herein, the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message; the segment list information includes: a segment list or LIST ID; and the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value; 
     when the segment list information is the LIST ID, the first sending module  12  is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself; correspondingly, the first receiving module  11  is further arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list. 
     When a transmission link fails in the message transmission process, the node further includes a first processing module  13 , arranged to; when the transmission link fails in the message transmission process, acquire an upstream node of the node according to the segment list information and send a notification to the upstream node; 
     or the first processing module  13  is arranged to configure in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message and switch a message transmission path to the standby path; 
     herein, the standby path is a standby path for message transmission generated at each node in the message transmission process according to the message transmission path indicated by the segment list information; and the standby path is acquired by computation or configuration according to a transmission path node between a source node and an intermediate node, and the node in the standby path does not include nodes which have already been passed through in the message transmission path. 
     It needs to be stated that the node in the embodiment of the present disclosure is an intermediate node except an ingress node and an egress node in the message transmission path; the egress node in the message transmission path is only used for sending the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; and the ingress node in the message transmission path is only used for receiving the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information. 
     In order to implement the above message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provide a path management server, and the component structure of the path management server is as illustrated in  FIG. 12 , including: a second receiving module  21 , a first building module  22  and a second sending module  23 ; herein, 
     the second receiving module  21  is arranged to receive segment lists of various nodes; 
     the first building module  22  is arranged to allocate a LIST ID for each segment list received by the second receiving module  21  and establish a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; and 
     the second sending module  23  is arranged to notify all nodes of the mapping table established by the first building module  22 . 
     Herein, the LIST ID is used for mapping a transmission path of a message, and is carried in the message and is transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process. 
     The path management server may be acted as by any node and may also be located on a controller or a server. 
     In order to implement the message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides another node, and the component structure of the node is as illustrated in  FIG. 13 , including: a packaging module  31  and a third sending module  32 ; herein, 
     the packaging module  31  is arranged to package a routing label and segment list information in a transmission message; and 
     the third sending module  32  is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Herein, the segment list information includes: a segment list or a LIST ID. 
     Further, when the segment list information is the LIST ID, the node further includes a third receiving module  33  arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     correspondingly, the third sending module  32  is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself. 
     Herein, the segment list includes: a length field, an option field, a segment list flag field, a reserved field and a segment value. 
     Further, the node further includes a second processing module  34 , arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message, and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     In order to implement the message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides another node, and the component structure of the node is as illustrated in  FIG. 14 , including: a first processing device  41  and a second processing device  42 ; herein, 
     the first processing device  41  is arranged to receive a message carrying a routing label and segment list information; 
     the second processing device  43  is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Further, the node further includes a third processing device  43 , arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, acquire an upstream node of the node according to the segment list information and send a notification to the upstream node; 
     or arranged to configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message, and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     In order to implement the message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a path management server, and the component structure of the path management server is as illustrated in  FIG. 15 , including: a fourth processing device  51 , a fifth processing device  52  and a sixth processing device  53 ; herein, 
     the fourth processing device  51  is arranged to receive segment lists of various nodes; 
     the fifth processing device  52  is arranged to allocate a LIST ID for each segment list received by the fourth processing device  51  and establish a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     the sixth processing device  53  is arranged to notify all nodes of the mapping table established by the fifth processing device  52 ; and 
     the LIST ID is used for mapping a transmission path of a message and is carried in the message, and is transmitted along with the message in a message transmission process. 
     In order to implement the message transmission method, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides another node, and the component structure of the node is as illustrated in  FIG. 16 , including: a seventh processing device  61  and an eighth processing device  62 ; herein, 
     the seventh processing device  61  is arranged to package a routing label and segment list information in a transmission message; and 
     the eighth processing device  62  is arranged to send the message carrying the routing label and the segment list information; 
     the routing label is used for indicating that the message carries the segment list information; and the segment list information is used for representing a transmission path of the message. 
     Further, when the segment list information is a LIST ID, the node further includes a ninth processing device  63  arranged to receive a mapping table of the LIST ID and the segment list; 
     correspondingly, the eighth processing device  62  is further arranged to send a segment list of the node itself. 
     Further, the node further includes a tenth processing device  64 , arranged to: when a transmission link fails in a message transmission process, configure or compute in advance a standby path for message transmission according to the segment list information, package segment list information of the standby path into the message, and switch a message transmission path to the standby path. 
     The first receiving module  11 , the first sending module  12 , the first processing module  12 , the packaging module  31 , the third sending module  32 , the third receiving module  33  and the second processing module  34  in the nodes provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure all may be implemented by a processor, and of course, may also be implemented by a specific logic circuit; herein the processor may be a processor on a node, and in actual application, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Micro Processing Unit (MPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). 
     The second receiving module  21 , the first building module  22  and the second sending module  23  in the path management server provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure all may be implemented by a processor, and of course, may also be implemented by a specific logic circuit; herein the processor may be a processor on a node, a controller or a server, and in actual application, the processor may be a CPU, an MPU, a DSP or an FPGA. 
     The first processing device  41 , the second processing device  42 , the third processing device  43 , the seventh processing device  61 , the eighth processing device  62 , the ninth processing device  63  and the tenth processing device  64  in the nodes provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure all may be implemented by a processor, and of course, may also be implemented by a specific logic circuit; herein the processor may be a processor on a node, and in actual application, the processor may be a CPU, an MPU, a DSP or an FPGA. 
     The fourth processing device  51 , the fifth processing device  52  and the sixth processing device  53  in the path management server provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure all may be implemented by a processor, and of course, may also be implemented by a specific logic circuit; herein the processor may be a processor on a node, a controller or a server, and in actual application, the processor may be a CPU, an MPU, a DSP or an FPGA. 
     In the embodiments of the present disclosure, if the above message transmission method is implemented in the form of a software function module that is also sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure substantially may be reflected in the form of a software product, or the part that makes a contribution to the existing technologies may be reflected in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device or the like) to execute all or part of steps of the method provided by various embodiments of the present disclosure. The foregoing storage medium includes various mediums that can store program codes, such as USB flash disks, mobile hard disk, Read Only Memories (ROMs), magnetic disks or compact disks. In this way, the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. 
     Correspondingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer storage medium, storing a computer program used for executing the above message transmission method of the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     The above is just preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and is not used for limiting the protection scope of the present disclosure.