Patent Publication Number: US-PP32234-P3

Title: Apple tree named ‘Y103’

Description:
Latin name:  Malus domestica.    
     Variety denomination: ‘Y103’. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE VARIETY 
     ‘Y103’ is a new and distinct variety of apple tree ( Malus domestica ) obtained from a controlled cross of ‘Golden Delicious’ (female parent, not patented) x ‘SJ109’ (male parent, not patented) carried out at Seiches sur le Loir, France in 2006. Seeds obtained from the cross were planted at Seiches sur le Loir, and ‘Y103’ was selected from the resulting seedlings for propagation and further observation. ‘Y103’ was first asexually propagated by grafting in 2011 at Seiches sur le Loir, and has since been observed to remain true to type over successive asexually propagated generations. 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETY 
     ‘Y103’ apple tree is distinguished by its fruit, which has dark pink red and white flesh and is well-suited for fresh consumption. ‘Y103’ is distinguished from its parents and related variety ‘Y101’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 28,201) as shown in the tables below. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Comparison of ‘Y103’ to ‘Golden Delicious’ 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘Y103’ 
                 ‘Golden Delicious’ 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Harvest time 
                 10 to 15 days before  
                 Mid to late 
               
               
                   
                   
                 ‘Golden Delicious’ 
                 September 
               
               
                   
                 Flesh Color 
                 Dark pink red and white 
                 White 
               
               
                   
                 Surface texture 
                 More ribbing 
                 Less ribbing 
               
               
                   
                 Lenticels 
                 Very prominent 
                 Less prominent 
               
               
                   
                 Flavor 
                 More aromatic 
                 Less aromatic 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Comparison of ‘Y103’ to ‘SJ109’ 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘Y103’ 
                 ‘SJ109’ 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Skin overcolor 
                 Brown orange 
                 Yellow green 
               
               
                   
                 Surface texture 
                 More ribbing 
                 Less ribbing 
               
               
                   
                 Storageability 
                 Moderate 
                 Short 
               
               
                   
                 Taste 
                 Balanced sugar/acid 
                 Acidic 
               
               
                   
                 Productivity 
                 More productive 
                 Less productive 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Comparison of ‘Y103’ to ‘Y101’ 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Characteristic 
                 ‘Y103’ 
                 ‘Y101’ 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Skin overcolor 
                 Brown orange 
                 Orange skin 
               
               
                   
                 Productivity 
                 More productive 
                 Less productive 
               
               
                   
                 Flowering 
                 Just before ‘Y101’ 
                 Just after ‘Y103’ 
               
               
                   
                 Aroma 
                 More aromatic 
                 Less aromatic 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS 
       The accompanying photographs of the ‘Y103’ variety were taken in 2016, 2017 and 2018 at Seiches sur le Loir, France. The trees shown were planted in 2012. 
         FIG. 1  shows the blossoms of a ‘Y103’ apple tree; 
         FIG. 2  shows a ‘Y103’ apple tree during winter; 
         FIG. 3  shows a ‘Y103’ apple tree just prior to harvest; 
         FIG. 4  shows a one-year-old shoot of a ‘Y103’ apple tree; 
         FIG. 5  shows a leaf of a ‘Y103’ apple tree; 
         FIG. 6  shows the trunk of a ‘Y103’ apple tree; 
         FIG. 7  shows a whole fruit of the ‘Y103’ apple variety; and 
         FIG. 8  shows whole and sectioned fruit of the ‘Y103’ apple variety. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETY 
     The following detailed botanical description is based on observations made at Seiches sur le Loir, France during the 2016, 2017 and 2018 growing seasons, of trees on Pajam®2 ‘Cepiland’ rootstock (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 7,715), planted in 2012. All colors are described according to The Royal Horticultural Society Mini Colour Chart (2005). It should be understood that the characteristics described will vary somewhat depending upon cultural practices and climatic conditions and will vary with location and season. Quantified measurements are expressed as an average of measurements taken from a number of individual plants of the new variety. The measurements of any individual plant or any group of plants of the new variety may vary from the stated average.
     Tree:
             Vigor .—Medium to high.     Type .—Ramified.     Bearing .—On shoots.     Habit .—Spreading to drooping.     Spread of mature tree .—Approximately 1.7 m.     Height .—Approximately 2.3 m.     Trunk diameter  ( at  30  cm above the graft ).—40 mm.     Bark texture .—Smooth.     Bark color .—Grey N200C.     Lenticel length.— 2 mm.     Lenticel width.— 1 mm.     Lenticel height.— 0.5 mm.     Lenticel shape .—Round to oblong.     Lenticel color .—Orange brown N170A.     Number of lenticels per cm   2 .—3.       
       Branch (fruiting branches located at around 1 m above the graft union):
             Length.— 80 cm.     Diameter.— 16 mm.     Crotch angle.— 90°.     Bark color .—Grey N200C.     Lenticel length.— 1.3 mm.     Lenticel width.— 1.3 mm.     Lenticel height.— 0.4 mm.     Lenticel shape .—Round.     Lenticel color .—Orange brown 170A.     Number of lenticels per cm   2 .—3.       
       One year old shoot:
             Length.— 30 cm.     Color .—Black group 187A.     Pubescence .—Medium to high.     Diameter.— 6 mm to 7 mm.     Internode length.— 29 mm.     Lenticel length.— 1 mm.     Lenticel width.— 0.6 mm.     Lenticel height.— 0.3 mm.     Lenticel shape .—Round to oblong.     Number of lenticels per cm   2 .—7.       
       Flower buds:
             Quantity per spur.— 1 to 3.     Bud shape .—Conical.     Apex shape .—Rounded.     Length.— 11 mm.     Diameter.— 12 mm.     Color .—Purple red 58B.       
       Flowers:
             Diameter of fully open flower.— 41 mm.     Flower depth.— 10.3 mm.     Relative position of petal margin .—Not touching.     Number per cluster.— 5 to 7.     Fragrance .—Strong.     Date of first bloom .—Apr. 18, 2018 in Loire Valley, France (same as ‘Golden Delicious’).     Date of full bloom .—Apr. 19, 2018 in Loire Valley, France (4 days before ‘Golden Delicious’).     Pollination requirement .—Pollenizer required, such as ‘Granny Smith’ (not patented).       
       Petals:
             Number per flower.— 5.     Shape .—Elliptical.     Length.— 21 mm.     Width.— 15 mm.     Apex .—Obtuse.     Base .—Acute.     Margin .—Smooth.     Color of upper surface .—Pink Violet 75C.     Color of lower surface .—Pink Violet 67A.     Texture of upper and lower surfaces .—Smooth to rugulose.       
       Pistils:
             Quantity.— 5.     Length.— 12 mm.     Color .—Light yellow green 150B.       
       Stigma:
             Size.— 1 mm.     Color .—Yellow green 145A.       
       Style:
             Size.— 6 mm.     Color .—Yellow green 145C.       
       Ovary:
             Length.— 4 mm.     Width.— 2.3 mm.     Color .—Yellow green 145C.       
       Anthers:
             Quantity.— 16 to 20.     Length.— 2.2 mm.     Width.— 1.3 mm.     Color .—Light yellow brown 160B.     Presence of pollen .—Present.     Pollen quantity .—Moderate.     Color of pollen .—Light yellow 8C.       
       Pedicel:
             Length.— 30 mm.     Diameter.— 1.5 mm.     Color .—Light green 138D.       
       Sepals:
             Quantity.— 5.     Color .—Upper surface — Light green 141D.     Color .—Lower surface — Light green 138D.     Length.— 10.5 mm.     Width.— 3.6 mm.     Shape .—Acute.     Apex .—Pointed.     Margin .—Smooth.       
       Leaves:
             Shape .—Elliptical.     Length.— 85 mm.     Width.— 47 mm.     Length/width ratio.— 1.8.     Blade margin .—Biserrate.     Apex .—Acute to right-angled.     Base .—Obtuse.     Color .—Upper surface — Dark green 136 A.     Color .—Lower surface — Green 137C.     Texture of upper surface .—Glabrous.     Texture of lower surface .—Smooth to puberulent.     Attitude in relation to shoot .—Upwards.       
       Petiole:
             Length.— 27 mm.     Diameter.— 1.7 mm.     Color .—Yellow green 145C and purple 58A.       
       Fruit:
             Quantity per cluster.— 2 to 3.     Diameter.— 84 mm.     Height.— 91 mm.     Weight.— 260 g.     Ratio of height to width.— 1.08.     General shape in profile .—Conical.     Position of maximum diameter .—Middle of the fruit.     Ribbing .—Strong.     Crowning at calyx end .—Strong.     Size of eye .—Medium.     Aperture of eye .—Absent or weak.     Length of sepal.— 11 mm.     Bloom of skin .—Weak.     Greasiness of skin .—Weak to moderate.     Background color of skin .—Yellow 7D.     Over color of skin .—Brown orange 34D.     Amount of over color .—Moderate.     Intensity of over color .—Light.     Pattern of over color .—Flushed and mottled.     Amount of russet around stalk cavity .—Absent to weak.     Amount of russet on cheeks .—Absent.     Area of russet around eye basin .—Absent to weak.     Length of stalk.— 33 mm.     Thickness of stalk.— 2.6 mm.     Depth of stalk cavity.— 20 mm.     Width of stalk cavity.— 32 mm.     Depth of eye basin.— 6 mm.     Width of eye basin.— 25 mm.     Firmness of flesh .—Low to medium.     Flesh texture .—Fine to intermediate.     Aroma .—Medium.     Juiciness .—Medium to high.     Brix.— 13° Brix.     Flesh color .—Dark pink red 50B and white N155D.     Stem color .—Brown 199A.       
       Seeds:
             Quantity per fruit.— 8.     Shape .—Oval oblong.     Length.— 7 mm.     Color .—Dark brown 165A and orange brown N170A.       
       Harvest:
             Time for harvest .—Aug. 23, 2017 in Loire Valley, France (1 day before ‘Galaxy’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 6,955)).     Number of picks.— 2.     Harvest yield .—Between 12 and 15 kg per tree (6 th  leaf).     Eating quality .—Very good.     Disease/pest resistance/susceptibility .—None noted.     Storage characteristics .—Moderate storageability at 3 to 4° C.       
       Market use: Fresh eating.