Patent Publication Number: US-2021181459-A1

Title: Lens driving device, and camera module and optical device including same lens

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the U.S. national stage application of International Patent Application No. PCT/KR2019/011065, filed Aug. 29, 2019, which claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119 of Korean Application Nos. 10-2018-0103661, filed Aug. 31, 2018, and 10-2018-0106306, filed Sep. 6, 2018, the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments relate to a lens moving apparatus and a camera module and an optical device each including the same. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     It is difficult to apply technology of a voice coil motor (VCM) used in existing general camera modules to a subminiature, low-power camera module, and therefore research related thereto has been actively conducted. 
     Demand for and production of electronic products, such as smartphones and mobile phones equipped with cameras have increased. Cameras for mobile phones are trending toward increased resolution and miniaturization. As a result, an actuator has also been miniaturized, increased in diameter, and been made multifunctional. In order to realize a high-resolution camera for mobile phones, improvement in performance of the camera for mobile phones and additional functions thereof, such as autofocusing, handshake correction, and zooming, are required. 
     DISCLOSURE 
     Technical Problem 
     Embodiments provide a lens moving apparatus and a camera module and an optical device each including the same, which are capable of allowing a large-diameter lens to be mounted therein without increasing the size thereof, of realizing stable power supply to a position sensor, and of reliably eliminating noise from the output of the position sensor. 
     Embodiments provide a lens moving apparatus and a camera module and an optical device each including the same, in which an escape groove is formed in the portion of the cover  1100  at which an elastic member is soldered to a circuit board in order to inhibit heat loss. 
     Furthermore, embodiments provide a lens moving apparatus and a camera module and an optical device each including the same, in which terminals connected to a (+) coil terminal and a (−) coil terminal, in addition to VDD, GND, SDA and SCL, required for drivers are exposed to the outside so as to make it easy to evaluate AF characteristics. 
     Technical Solution 
     A lens moving apparatus according to an embodiment includes a housing, a bobbin disposed in the housing, a coil disposed on the bobbin, a first magnet disposed on a first side portion of the housing, a second magnet disposed on a second side portion of the housing, which faces the first side portion of the housing, a circuit board disposed on a third side portion of the housing, a position sensor, which is disposed on the third side portion of the housing and is conductively connected to the circuit board, and a first capacitor, which is disposed on a first corner portion of the housing disposed between the third side portion and the second side portion of the housing and is conductively connected to the circuit board. 
     The first capacitor may have a thickness greater than a thickness of the position sensor, and the first corner portion of the housing may include a first region, in which the first capacitor is disposed, the first region of the first corner portion having a thickness greater than the thickness of the third side portion of the housing. 
     The housing may include a first seating portion, which is formed in the third side portion of the housing and in which the position sensor is disposed, and a second seating portion, which is formed in the first corner portion of the housing and in which the first capacitor is disposed, and the first seating portion may have an opening formed through the third side portion of the housing, and the second seating portion is a groove depressed from an outer surface of the first corner portion of the housing. 
     The lens moving apparatus may further include a sensing magnet disposed on the bobbin so as to face the position sensor, and the circuit board may include first and second terminals, through which a power signal is supplied to the position sensor, a third terminal, through which a data signal is supplied to the position sensor, and a fourth terminal, through which a clock signal is supplied to the position sensor. 
     The first capacitor may be connected in parallel to the first and second terminals of the circuit board. 
     The position sensor may include a Hall sensor configured to detect a magnetic field of the sensing magnet and output an output signal, an amplifier configured to amplify the output signal output by the Hall sensor, and an output terminal conductively connected to an output terminal of the amplifier, and the first capacitor may be conductively connected to the output terminal of the position sensor. 
     The lens moving apparatus may further include a second capacitor, which is disposed on a second corner portion of the housing disposed between the first side portion and the third side portion of the housing and is connected in parallel to the first and second terminals of the circuit board. 
     The second capacitor may have a thickness greater than a thickness of the position sensor, and the second corner portion of the housing may include a first region, in which the capacitor is disposed, the first region of the second corner portion having a thickness greater than a thickness of the third side portion of the housing. 
     The circuit board may include a body part disposed on the third side portion of the housing and an extension part extending from the body part to the first corner portion of the housing, and the first capacitor may be disposed in the extension part of the circuit board. 
     The circuit board may further include fifth and sixth terminals, to which a drive signal for driving the coil is supplied from the position sensor, and the lens moving apparatus may further include a first lower elastic unit, configured to conductively connect one end of the coil to the fifth terminal of the circuit board, and a second lower elastic unit, configured to conductively connect a remaining end of the coil to the sixth terminal of the circuit board. 
     Advantageous Effects 
     Embodiments enable a large-diameter lens to be mounted therein without increasing the size thereof, realize stable power supply to a position sensor, and reliably eliminate noise from the output of the position sensor. 
     According to embodiments, even when soldering between a circuit board and an elastic member is performed using hot air, heat loss through a cover is minimized, thereby inhibiting a cold solder phenomenon. 
     Furthermore, by virtue of the escaping structure of the cover, there is an advantage in that a sealing operation between the cover and the circuit board is facilitated. 
     In addition, since additional terminals connected to a coil are exposed to the outside, it is possible to determine drive characteristics in CLAF and OLAF. 
     Furthermore, since a photo solder resist is used in the remaining region of the surface of the circuit board excluding terminals so as to reduce the tolerance, it is possible to minimize a phenomenon in which a Hall sensor is displaced and pushed after surface-mounting technology (SMT) is performed thereon. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is an exploded view of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  illustrates the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 1 , from which a cover member is removed; 
         FIG. 4A  is a perspective view illustrating a bobbin, a sensing magnet and a balancing magnet shown in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4B  illustrates the bobbin, the coil and the sensing magnet shown in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of the housing, the position sensor and the capacitor shown in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 5B  is a perspective view of the housing, to which the first and second magnets, the circuit board, and the position sensor are coupled; 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view of the upper elastic member; 
         FIG. 7  is a view illustrating the state in which the lower elastic member, the circuit board, the position sensor, and the capacitor are assembled; 
         FIG. 8A  is a perspective view illustrating the base, the lower elastic member and the circuit board; 
         FIG. 8B  is a view illustrating the positions of the circuit board, the position sensor and the capacitor; 
         FIG. 9A  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus taken along line A-B in  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus taken along line C-D in  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 9C  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus taken along line E-F in  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 10  illustrates the construction of an embodiment of the position sensor shown in  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 11A  illustrates a conductive connection relationship between the position sensor, the circuit board and the capacitor according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 11B  illustrates a conductive connection relationship between the position sensor, the circuit board and the capacitor according to another embodiment; 
         FIG. 12  illustrates the thicknesses of the position sensor and the capacitor mounted on the circuit board; 
         FIG. 13A  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 13B  illustrates the circuit board, the position sensor and the first capacitor shown in  FIG. 13A ; 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 15  is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 16  is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 17  is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 18  is an exploded perspective view of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 19  is a side view of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 20  is a transparent view of  FIG. 19 ; 
         FIG. 21  is a plan view illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 22  is a perspective view illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 23  is a bottom perspective view illustrating some components of a lens moving apparatus according to a modification of the present invention; 
         FIG. 24  is a perspective illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 25  is a photograph showing a portion of the inner surface of the circuit board of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 26  is a view illustrating the circuit board of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 27  is an exploded perspective view illustrating a camera module according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 28  is a perspective view of a portable terminal according to an embodiment; and 
         FIG. 29  is a view illustrating the configuration of the portable terminal illustrated in  FIG. 28 . 
     
    
    
     BEST MODE 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     The technical idea of the present invention may be embodied in many different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the following embodiments set forth herein. One or more of components of the embodiments may be selectively combined with each other or replaced without departing from the technical spirit and scope of the present invention. 
     Unless otherwise particularly defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that commonly used terms, such as those defined in dictionaries, should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art. 
     The terminology used in the embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The phrase “at least one (or one or more) of A, B and C” may be interpreted as including one or more of all combinations of A, B and C. 
     Furthermore, when describing the components of the present invention, terms such as “first”, “second”, “A”, “B”, “(a)” or “(b)” may be used. Since these terms are provided merely for the purpose of distinguishing the components from each other, they do not limit the nature, sequence or order of the components. 
     It should be understood that, when an element is referred to as being “linked”, “coupled” or “connected” to another element, the element may be directly “linked”, “coupled” or “connected” to the another element, or may be “linked”, “coupled” or “connected” to the another element via a further element interposed therebetween. Furthermore, it will be understood that, when an element is referred to as being formed “on” or “under” another element, it can be directly “on” or “under” the other element, or can be indirectly disposed with regard thereto, with one or more intervening elements therebetween. In addition, it will also be understood that “on” or “under” the element may mean an upward direction or a downward direction based on the element. 
     The “auto-focusing function” serves to automatically focus an image of a subject on the surface of an image sensor. The lens moving apparatus according to an embodiment may move an optical module, which is constituted of at least one lens, in the first direction, so as to perform auto-focusing. 
     In the follow description, the “terminal” may be alternatively referred to as a “pad”, “electrode”, “conductive layer” or “bonding portion”. 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus  100  according to an embodiment.  FIG. 2  is an exploded view of the lens moving apparatus  100  shown in  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 3  illustrates the lens moving apparatus  100  shown in  FIG. 1 , from which a cover member  300  is removed. 
     The lens moving apparatus  100  includes a bobbin  110 , a coil  120 , a sensing magnet  180 , a first magnet  130 - 1 , a second magnet  130 - 2 , a housing  140 , a position sensor  170  and a capacitor  195 . 
     The lens moving apparatus  100  may further include an upper elastic member  150  and a lower elastic member  160 . 
     Furthermore, the lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a circuit board  190  conductively connected to the position sensor  170 . 
     Furthermore, the lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a balancing magnet  185 . 
     The lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a cover member  300  and a base  210 . 
     First, the bobbin  110  will be described. 
     The bobbin  110 , which is configured to allow a lens or a lens barrel to be mounted thereon, may be disposed in the housing  140  so as to be movable in the optical-axis direction OA or in the first direction (for example, the Z-axis direction) by the electromagnetic interaction between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . 
       FIG. 4A  is a perspective view illustrating the bobbin  110 , the sensing magnet  180 , and the balancing magnet  185  shown in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 4B  illustrates the bobbin  110 , the coil  120  and the sensing magnet  180  shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4A and 4B , the bobbin  110  may be disposed in the housing  140 . The bobbin  110  may have a bore in which a lens or a lens barrel is mounted. For example, the bore in the bobbin  110  may be a through hole, and may have a circular shape, an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape, without being limited thereto. 
     The bobbin  110  may include a first coupler  113 , which is disposed on the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end thereof and is coupled or secured to the first inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member  150 , and a second coupler  117 , which is disposed on the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end thereof and is coupled or secured to the second inner frame  161  of the lower elastic member  160 . 
     Although each of the first and second couplers  113  and  117  is illustrated in  FIGS. 4A and 4B  as being configured to have the form of a protrusion, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, each of the first and second couplers  113  and  117  may have the form of a groove or a flat surface. 
     The bobbin  110  may have a first escape groove  112   a  formed in a region of the upper surface thereof that corresponds to or is aligned with the first frame connector  153  of the upper elastic member  150  in the optical-axis direction. The first escape groove  112   a  may be configured to be depressed from the upper surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     Furthermore, the bobbin  110  may have a second escape groove  112   b  formed in a region of the lower surface thereof that corresponds to or is aligned with the second frame connector  163  of the lower elastic member  160  in the optical-axis direction. The second escape groove  112   b  may be configured to be depressed from the lower surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     By virtue of the first escape groove  112   a  and the second escape groove  112   b  in the bobbin  110 , when the bobbin  110  is moved in the first direction, spatial interference between the first frame connector  153  and the second frame connector  163  and the bobbin  110  is eliminated, thereby allowing the frame connector  153  to be elastically deformed with ease. 
     The bobbin  110  may include a plurality of side surfaces or outer surfaces. 
     For example, the bobbin  110  may include side portions  110   b   1  to  110   b   4  and corner portions  110   c   1  to  110   c   4 . 
     For example, each of the first to fourth corner portions  110   c   1  to  110   c   4  of the bobbin  110  may be disposed between two adjacent side portions of the bobbin  110 . The side surfaces or outer surfaces of the first to fourth side portions  110   b   1  to  110   b   4  of the bobbin  110  may be referred to as “first to fourth side surfaces” or “first to fourth outer surfaces”. 
     The bobbin  110  may have at least one groove  105  formed in the side surface or the outer surface thereof in which the coil  120  is disposed or seated. 
     For example, the coil  120  may be disposed or seated in the groove  105  in the bobbin  110 , or may be directly wound in the groove  105  in the bobbin  110  in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction about the optical axis OA so as to have a closed loop shape, without being limited thereto. 
     The number and shape of grooves  105  in the bobbin  110  may correspond to the number and shape of coils disposed on the outer surface of the bobbin  110 . In another embodiment, the bobbin  110  may not have the groove in which the coil is seated, and the coil may be directly wound around the outer surface of the bobbin  110 , and may be secured thereto. 
     For seating the sensing magnet  180 , the bobbin  110  may have a groove  180   a  formed in the outer surface of one of the side portions (for example,  110   b   3 ). For easily seating the sensing magnet  180 , the groove  180   a  may have an opening formed in the lower surface of the bobbin  110 . Although the groove  180   a  may also be formed in the bottom of the groove  105  for accommodating the coil, the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     For seating the balancing magnet  185 , the bobbin  110  may have a groove (not shown) formed in the outer surface of the side portion  110   b   4  that faces the side portion (for example,  110   b   3 ) having therein the groove  180   a.    
     The bobbin  110  may include a first stopper (not shown), which projects upwards from the upper surface thereof, and a second stopper (not shown), which projects downwards from the lower surface thereof. 
     The first and second stoppers of the bobbin  110  may serve to inhibit the upper surface or the lower surface of the bobbin  110  from directly colliding with the inner wall of the cover member  300  or the upper surface of the base  210  even when the bobbin  110  is moved beyond a specified range due to an external impact or the like while the bobbin  110  is being moved in the first direction to perform an auto-focusing function. 
     Next, the coil  120  will be described. 
     The coil  120  may be disposed on the outer surface of the bobbin  110 , and may be a drive coil configured to electromagnetically interact with the first and second magnets  130  disposed on the housing  140 . 
     For example, the coil  120  may be disposed or wound in the groove  105  in the bobbin  110 . 
     In order to create electromagnetic force from the interaction between the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , a drive signal (for example, drive current or voltage) may be applied to the coil  120 . 
     The drive signal applied to the coil  120  may be a DC signal, without being limited thereto. The drive signal may be an AC signal or a signal containing both DC and AC components. 
     An AF operation unit may be moved in the first direction, for example, in an upward direction (in the +z-axis direction) or in a downward direction (in the −z-axis direction) by virtue of the electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . 
     By controlling the intensity and/or polarity of a drive signal applied to the first coil  120  (for example, the direction in which current flows) and thus controlling the intensity and/or direction of the electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 , it is possible to control the movement of the AF operation unit in the first direction, thereby performing an autofocus function. 
     The AF operation unit may be driven unidirectionally or bidirectionally by the electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . Here, unidirectional driving means that the AF operation unit is moved in one direction, for example, in an upward direction (that is, in a +z-axis direction) from the initial position of the AF operation unit, and bidirectional driving means that the AF operation unit is moved in two directions (for example, in upward and downward directions) based on the initial position of the AF operation unit. 
     For example, the initial position of the AF operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ) may be the original position of the AF operation unit (for example, the bobbin) in the state in which no electric power or drive signal is applied to the coil  120  or the position at which the AF operation unit is located as the result of the upper and lower elastic members  150  and  160  being elastically deformed due only to the weight of the AF operation unit. 
     In addition, the initial position of the AF operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ) may be the position at which the AF operation unit is located when gravity acts in the direction from the bobbin  110  to the base  210  or when gravity acts in the direction from the base  210  to the bobbin  110 . 
     The AF operation unit may include the bobbin  110 , which is elastically supported by the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160 , and components which are mounted on the bobbin  110  and are moved therewith. For example, the AF operation unit may include at least one of the bobbin  110 , the coil  120 , the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185 , and may further include a lens or a lens barrel when the lens or the lens barrel is mounted on the AF operation unit. 
     The coil  120  may be disposed on the bobbin  110  so as to have a closed curve shape, for example, a ring shape. 
     For example, the coil  120  may be wound in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction about the optical axis so as to have a closed loop shape, and may be wound or disposed on the outer surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     In another embodiment, the coil  120  may be embodied as a coil ring, which is wound or disposed in a clockwise direction or in a counterclockwise direction about an axis perpendicular to the optical axis. Although the number of coil rings may be the same as the number of magnets  130 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the coil  120  may include a first coil unit that faces the first magnet  130 - 1  and a second coil unit that faces the second magnet  130 - 2 . In this case, the first coil unit may be disposed on the side portion of the bobbin  110  that faces the first magnet  130 - 1 , and the second coil unit may be disposed on the side portion of the bobbin  110  that faces the second magnet  130 - 2 . 
     The coil  120  may be conductively connected to at least one of the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160 , and may be conductively connected to the circuit board  190  via the upper elastic member  150  or the lower elastic member  160 . 
     For example, by means of solder or conductive adhesive, the coil  120  may be coupled to the lower elastic units of the lower elastic member  160  or may be coupled only to two of the lower elastic units of the lower elastic member, without being limited thereto. 
     For example, at the initial position of the AF operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ), the coil  120  disposed on the bobbin  110  may overlap the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  in a direction that intersects the optical axis and is perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     Furthermore, at the initial position of the AF operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ), the coil  120  disposed on the bobbin  110  may overlap the position sensor  170  in a direction that intersects the optical axis and is perpendicular to the optical axis, without being limited thereto. In another embodiment, the coil  120  may not overlap the position sensor  170 . 
     Next, the housing  140  will be described. 
     The housing  140  accommodates therein the bobbin  110  at which the coil  120  and the sensing magnet  180  are disposed. 
       FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of the housing  140 , the position sensor  170  and the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 5B  is a perspective view of the housing  140 , to which the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , the circuit board  190 , and the position sensor  170  are coupled.  FIG. 6  is a perspective view of the upper elastic member  150 .  FIG. 7  is a view illustrating the state in which the lower elastic member  160 , the circuit board  190 , the position sensor  170 , and the capacitor  195  are assembled. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the housing  140  supports the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , and accommodates therein the bobbin  110  such that the bobbin  110  is movable in the optical-axis direction. 
     The housing  140  may have the shape of a column having a bore for receiving therein the bobbin  110 . The housing  140  may include a plurality of side portions (for example,  141 - 1  to  141 - 4 ) and a plurality of corner portions (for example,  142 - 1  to  142 - 4 ), which collectively define the bore. Here, the corner portions (for example,  142 - 1  to  142 - 4 ) of the housing  140  may be alternatively referred to as “column portions”. 
     For example, the housing  140  may include the side portions (for example,  141 - 1  to  141 - 4 ) and the corner portions (for example,  142 - 1  to  142 - 4 ), which collectively define a bore having a polygonal shape (for example, a square shape or an octagonal shape) or a circular (or elliptical) shape. 
     The housing  140  may include the first and second side portions  141 - 1  and  141 - 2 , which face each other, and the third and fourth side portions  141 - 3  and  141 - 4 , which face each other. Furthermore, the housing  140  may include the first and fourth corner portions  142 - 1  and  142 - 4 , which face each other, and the second and third corner portions  142 - 2  and  142 - 3 , which face each other. 
     For example, the housing  140  may include the first to fourth side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4 , which are spaced apart from one another, the first corner portion  142 - 1  positioned between the second side portion  141 - 2  and the third side portion  141 - 3 , the second corner portion  142 - 2  positioned between the first side portion  141 - 1  and the third side portion  141 - 3 , the third corner portion  142 - 3  positioned between the second side portion  141 - 2  and the fourth side portion  141 - 4 , and the fourth corner portion  142 - 4  positioned between the first side portion  141 - 1  and the fourth side portion  141 - 4 . 
     The third side portion  141 - 3  and the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140  may be disposed between the first side portion  141 - 1  and the second side portion  141 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     The housing  140  may include a first side surface (or a first outer surface) corresponding to the first side surface (or the first outer surface) of the bobbin  110 , a second side surface (or a second outer surface) corresponding to the second side surface (or the second outer surface) of the bobbin  110 , a third side surface (or a third outer surface) corresponding to the third side surface (or the third outer surface) of the bobbin  110 , and a fourth side surface (or a fourth outer surface) corresponding to the fourth side surface (or the fourth outer surface) of the bobbin  110 . The third and fourth side surfaces (or the third and fourth outer surfaces) of the housing  140  may be disposed between the first and second side surfaces (or the first and second outer surfaces) of the housing  140 . 
     For example, each of the first to fourth side surfaces (or the first to fourth outer surfaces) of the housing  140  may be one side surface or outer surface of a corresponding one among the first to fourth side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  of the housing  140 . 
     Each of the first to fourth side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  of the housing  140  may be disposed parallel to a corresponding one among the side plates of the cover member  300 . 
     Each of the first to fourth side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  of the housing  140  may correspond to one of the side portions  110   b   1  to  110   b   4  of the bobbin  110 , and each of the first to fourth corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  may correspond to one of the first to fourth corner portions  110   c   1  to  110   c   4  of the bobbin  110 . 
     The inner surface of each of the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  may be a flat surface, a chamfer, or a curved surface. 
     The housing  140  may include a seating portion  141  formed in the first side portion  141 - 1  of the housing  140  in order to mount the first magnet  130 - 1 , and may include a seating portion  141   b  formed in the second side portion  141 - 2  of the housing  140  in order to mount the second magnet  130 - 2 . 
     Although each of the seating portions  141   a  and  141   b  is illustrated in  FIG. 5A  as having a bore or a through hole, which is formed through the first or second side portion  141 - 1  or  141 - 2  of the housing  140 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, each of the seating portions may have a groove or recess shape. 
     The housing  140  may include supports  18 , which are disposed adjacent to the seating portions  141   a  and  141   b  so as to support first surfaces of the peripheral surfaces of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . The supports  18  may be positioned adjacent to the inner surface of the housing  140 , and may project in a horizontal direction from side surfaces of the seating portions  141   a  and  141   b . For example, each of the supports  18  may include a tapered portion or a sloped surface. In another embodiment, the housing  140  may not include the supports  18 . 
     In order to inhibit the housing  140  from colliding with the inner surface of the upper plate of the cover member  300 , the housing  140  may be provided on the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end thereof with a stopper  143 . Here, the stopper  142  may be alternatively referred to as a “boss” or a “protrusion”. 
     For example, at the initial position of the OIS operation unit, the stopper  143  of the housing  140  may be in contact with the inner surface of the upper plate of the cover member  300 , without being limited thereto. In another embodiment, the stopper  143  may not be in contact with the inner surface of the upper plate. 
     For coupling to a hole  152   a  in the first outer frame  152  of the upper elastic member  150 , the housing  140  may include at least one first coupler  144  provided on the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end thereof. Although the first coupler  144  of the housing  140  may have a protruding shape in  FIG. 5A , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first coupler  144  may have a groove shape or a flat surface shape. 
     Furthermore, for coupling to a hole  162   a  in the second outer frame  162  of the lower elastic member  160 , the housing  140  may include at least one second coupler  147  provided on the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of the housing  140 . Although the second coupler  147  is illustrated in  FIG. 5B  as having a protruding shape, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the second coupler  147  may have a groove shape or a flat surface shape. 
     Although the first and second couplers  144  and  147  are disposed on at least one of the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the first and second couplers  144  and  147  may be disposed on at least one of the side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  and the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4 . 
     In order to inhibit the lower surface or the bottom of the housing  140  from colliding with the base  210 , which will be described later, the housing  140  may include at least one stopper (not shown) projecting from the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end thereof. 
     The lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of at least one of the first to fourth corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  may be provided therein with a guide groove  148  corresponding to a projection  216  of the base  210 . 
     For example, the guide groove  148  in the housing  140  may be coupled to the projection  216  of the base  210  using an adhesive member, and the housing  140  may be coupled to the base  210  using an adhesive member. 
     In order to avoid spatial interference with a portion at which the first frame connector  153  of the upper elastic member  150  is connected to the first outer frame  151 , the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end of at least one of the first to fourth side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  of the housing  140  may be provided therein with at least one escape groove  15   a.    
     Furthermore, in order to avoid spatial interference with a portion at which the second frame connector  163  of the lower elastic member  160  is connected to the second outer frame  161 , the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of at least one of the first to fourth corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  may be provided therein with at least one escape groove  16   a.    
     In another embodiment, one or more of each of the escape groove  15   a  and/or the escape groove  16   a  in the housing  140  may be disposed on at least one of the side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  or the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140  may be provided with guide protrusions  144   a  for guiding the first frame connectors of the upper elastic member  150 . 
     The third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  may be provided with a structure (for example, a protrusion or a groove) configured to be coupled to the circuit board  190 . 
     The outer surface of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  may be provided with a groove  25   a , in which the circuit board  190  is disposed. The groove  25   a  may have a shape that coincides with or corresponds to the shape of the circuit board  190 . 
     For example, the circuit board  190  may be attached to the third side portion  141 - 3  (or the groove  25   a ) of the housing  140  using an adhesive or the like. 
     For seating the position sensor  170 , the housing  140  may include a first seating portion  17   a  formed in the third side portion  141 - 3 . 
     Furthermore, for seating the capacitor  195 , the housing  140  may include a second seating portion  17   b  formed in the first corner portion  142 - 1  (or the first column portion). 
     The first seating portion  17   a  and the second seating portion  17   b  in the housing  140  may be formed in a side surface of the groove  25   a  in the housing  140  so as to be spaced apart from each other. 
     For example, the first seating portion  17   a  formed in the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  may be positioned between the first corner portion  142 - 1  and the second corner portion  142 - 2 , and the second seating portion  17   b  may be formed in the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     In  FIG. 5A , the first seating portion  17   a  may have the form of an opening or a through hole, which is formed through the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  such that the housing  140  is not interposed between the sensing magnet  180  and the position sensor  170 , thereby increasing the output of the position sensor  170  and thus enhancing the sensitivity of the position sensor  170 . 
     In another embodiment, the first seating portion may have a groove shape. For example, the first seating portion  17   a  may be disposed closer to the second corner portion  142 - 2  than to the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the first seating portion  17   a  may be configured such that the distance from the first corner portion  142 - 1  is equal to the distance from the second corner portion  142 - 2 . 
     In another embodiment, the first seating portion  17   a  may be formed from the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140  to the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     The second seating portion  17   b  may not have the through-hole shape but may have a groove depressed from the outer surface of the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     In the case in which the first seating portion accommodates both the position sensor  170  and the capacitor  195  without additionally forming the second seating portion, the size of the opening in the first seating portion increases, thereby allowing contaminants to enter the housing  140  through the opening. However, since the second seating portion  17   b  is formed to have a groove shape separately from the first seating portion  17   a  in this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the possibility that contaminants enter the housing  140  through the first seating portion  17   a.    
     In another embodiment, the second seating portion  17   b  may be configured to have an opening or through-hole shape. 
     For example, although the first seating portion  17   a  of the housing  140  may have a shape that corresponds to or coincides with the shape of the position sensor  170 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     Although the second seating portion  17   b  of the housing  140  may have a shape that corresponds to or coincides with the shape of the capacitor  195 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     A corner portion (for example,  142 - 1 ) of the housing  140  may include a first region having a greater thickness than the thickness of the side portions  141 - 1  to  141 - 4  of the housing  140 . 
     The capacitor  195  may be disposed in the first region of the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . Accordingly, since the embodiment is able to allow the capacitor  195  to be easily disposed on the housing without increasing the size of the housing  140  or decreasing the size of the bore in the bobbin  110 , it is possible to eliminate a restriction on mounting of the capacitor  195  due to the size of the capacitor  195 . 
     Next, the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185  will be described. 
     The first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be magnets that are capable of generating electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction between the coil  120  and thus of moving the bobbin  110  using the electromagnetic force. 
     The first magnet  130 - 1  and the second magnet  130 - 2  may be disposed on the side surface or the outer surface of the two facing side portions  141 - 1  and  141 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the first magnet  130 - 1  may be disposed on the first side portion  141 - 1 , the first side surface or the first outer surface of the housing  140 , and the second magnet  130 - 2  may be disposed on the second side portion  141 - 2 , the second side surface or the second outer surface of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be disposed on the seating portions  141   a  and  141   b  in the housing  140 . 
     In another embodiment, the first and second side portions  141 - 1  and  141 - 2  of the housing  140  may not be provided with the opening, and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be disposed on the outer surfaces or the inner surfaces of the side portions  141 - 1  and  141 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     Although each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may have a shape corresponding to the outer surfaces of the side portions  141 - 1  and  141 - 2  of the housing  140 , for example, a polyhedral shape (for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape), the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     Each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be a monopolar magnetized magnet, which includes two different poles and an interface plane naturally formed between the two different poles. For example, each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be a monopolar magnetized magnet in which a first surface thereof that faces the coil  120  is the N pole and a second surface thereof opposite the first surface is the S pole. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the reverse disposition of the N pole and the S pole is also possible. 
     In another embodiment, in order to increase the electromagnetic force, each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be a bipolar magnetized magnet divided into two parts in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Here, the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be embodied by a ferrite magnet, an alnico magnet, a rare-earth magnet or the like. 
     When each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  is a bipolar magnetized magnet, each of the first to fourth magnets  130 - 1  to  130 - 3  may include a first magnet part, a second magnet part, and a partition wall disposed between the first magnet part and the second magnet part. 
     The first magnet part may include an N pole, an S pole, and a first interface plane between the N pole and the S pole. Here, the first interface plane may be a portion that has substantially no magnetism and has a zone having almost no polarity, and may be a portion that is naturally formed in order to form a magnet composed of one N pole and one S pole. 
     The second magnet part may include an N pole, an S pole, and a second interface plane between the N pole and the S pole. Here, the second interface plane may be a portion that has substantially no magnetism and has a zone having almost no polarity, and may be a portion that is naturally formed in order to form a magnet composed of one N pole and one S pole. 
     The partition wall may separate or isolate the first magnet part and the second magnet part from each other, and may be a portion having substantially no magnetism or polarity. For example, the partition wall may be a nonmagnetic material, air or the like. That is, the partition wall may be considered a “neutral zone”. 
     The partition wall may be a portion that is artificially formed when the first magnet part and the second magnet part are magnetized, and the width of the partition wall may be greater than the width of each of the first interface and the second interface. Here, the width of the partition wall may be the length of the partition wall in a direction toward the second magnet part from the first magnet part. 
     For example, the width of the partition wall may be 0.2 mm-0.5 mm. Specifically, the width of the partition wall  11   c  may be 0.3 mm-0.4 mm. 
     For example, although the first magnet part and the second magnet part may be disposed such that opposite poles thereof face each other in the optical-axis direction, the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     For example, the first magnet part and the second magnet part may be disposed such that the N pole of the first magnet part and the S pole of the second magnet part face the coil  120 . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the reverse disposition is also possible. 
     Although the first surface of each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be configured as a flat surface, the disclosure is not limited thereto. The first surface of each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be configured to have a curved surface, a sloped surface or a tapered surface. 
     For example, the first surface of each of the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  may be a surface that faces the outer surface of the bobbin  110  and/or the coil  120 . 
     Next, the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185  will be described. 
     The sensing magnet  180  may be disposed on the outer surface of the bobbin  110  that faces the position sensor  170 , and the balancing magnet  185  may be disposed on another outer surface of the bobbin  110 , opposite the outer surface of the bobbin  110  on which the sensing magnet  180  is disposed. 
     The sensing magnet  180  may be disposed on one of the third and fourth side portions  110   b   3  and  110   b   4  or the third and fourth outer surfaces of the bobbin  110 , and the balancing magnet  185  may be disposed on the other of the third and fourth side portions  110   b   3  and  110   b   4  or the third and fourth outer surfaces of the bobbin  110 . 
     For example, the sensing magnet  180  may be disposed on the third side portion  110   b   3 , the third side surface or the third outer surface of the bobbin  110 , and the balancing magnet  185  may be disposed on the fourth side portion  110   b   4 , the fourth side surface or the fourth outer surface of the bobbin  110 . For example, the sensing magnet  180  may be disposed in the groove  180   a  in the bobbin  110 , and the balancing magnet  185  may be disposed in a groove (not shown) formed in the fourth side portion  110   b   4  of the bobbin  110 . 
     The sensing magnet  180  may have a polyhedral shape, for example, a hexahedral shape. 
     For example, the sensing magnet  180  may include an upper surface, a lower surface, a first surface that faces the bobbin  110 , a second surface opposite the first surface, a first side surface connecting the first surface and the second surface to each other, and a second side surface opposite the first side surface. 
     For example, although the length L 2  of the sensing magnet  180  in a direction toward the second surface from the first surface may be less than the length L 1  of the sensing magnet  180  in a direction toward the second side surface from the first side surface (L 2 &lt;L 1 ), the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the length L 2  may be equal to or greater than the length L 1  (L 2 ≥L 1 ). 
     Furthermore, although the length H 1  of the sensing magnet  180  in the optical-axis direction may be greater than the length L 1  of the sensing magnet  180  in a direction toward the second side surface from the first side surface (H 1 &gt;L 1 ), the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the length H 1  may be equal to or less than the length L 1  (H 1 &lt;L 1 ). In a further embodiment, at least two of the length H 1 , L 1  and L 2  may be equal to each other. 
     Although the sensing magnet  180  (or the balancing magnet  185 ) may overlap the coil  120  in a direction that intersects the optical axis and is parallel to a line perpendicular to the optical axis, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the sensing magnet  180  (or the balancing magnet  185 ) may not overlap the coil  120 . 
     The sensing magnet  180  (or the balancing magnet  185 ) may be positioned inside the coil  120 . Here, the inside of the coil  120  may be a direction toward the center of the bobbin  110  with respect to the coil  120 . In other words, since the coil  120  is positioned outside the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185 , it is possible to increase the electromagnetic force between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 . 
     Although a portion of one surface of the sensing magnet  180  mounted in the groove  180   a  in the bobbin  110  may project from the outer surface of the bobbin  110 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the portion may not project from the outer surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     For example, the sensing magnet  180  may be fitted into the groove  180   a  through the opening in the groove  180   a , which is formed in the lower surface of the bobbin  110 . For example, the sensing magnet  180  may be fixed or attached to the groove  180   a  in the bobbin  110  using an adhesive such as epoxy. 
     Each of the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185  may be a monopolar magnetized magnet, which is disposed such that the upper surface thereof has an N pole and the lower surface thereof has an S pole. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the polarities may be arranged in the opposite manner. 
     For example, each of the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185  may be disposed such that the interface between the N pole and the S pole is parallel to a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the interface between the N pole and the S pole may be parallel to the optical axis in another embodiment. 
     In another embodiment, each of the sensing magnet  180  and the balancing magnet  185  may be a bipolar magnetized magnet. The bipolar magnetized magnet may include a first magnet part including an N pole and an S pole, a second magnet part including an N pole and an S pole, and a nonmagnetic partition wall disposed between the first magnet part and the second magnet part. 
     By virtue of the electromagnetic force resulting from the interaction between the coil  120  and the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2 , the sensing magnet  180  may be moved together with the bobbin  110  in the optical-axis direction OA. At this time, the position sensor  170  may detect the intensity of the magnetic field of the sensing magnet  180 , which is moved in the optical-axis direction, and may output an output signal corresponding to the detected intensity. 
     For example, a controller  830  of a camera module  200  or a controller  780  of a terminal  200 A may detect displacement of the bobbin  110  in the optical-axis direction based on the output signal output from the position sensor  170 . 
     The balancing magnet  185  may be disposed on the bobbin  110  so as to counteract the influence of the magnetic field of the sensing magnet  180  on the coil  120  and to attain weight equilibrium with respect to the AF operation unit. 
     At the initial position of the operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ), the position sensor  170  and the sensing magnet  180  may overlap each other at at least a portion thereof in a direction that intersects the optical axis and is parallel to a line perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     Furthermore, the first magnet  130 - 1  and the second magnet  130 - 2  may overlap each other in a direction that intersects the optical axis and is parallel to a line perpendicular to the optical axis and in a direction toward the second side portion  141 - 2  from the first side portion  141 - 1 . 
       FIG. 6  is a plan view of the upper elastic member  150 .  FIG. 7  is a view illustrating the coupled state of the lower elastic member  160 , the circuit board  190 , the position sensor  170  and the capacitor  195 .  FIG. 8A  is a perspective view illustrating the base  210 , the lower elastic member  160  and the circuit board  190 .  FIG. 8B  is a view illustrating the positions of the circuit board  190 , the position sensor  170  and the capacitor  195 .  FIG. 9A  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus  100  taken along line A-B in  FIG. 3 .  FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus  100  taken along line C-D in  FIG. 3 .  FIG. 9C  is a cross-sectional view of the lens moving apparatus  100  taken along line E-F in  FIG. 3 . 
     The position sensor  170 , the circuit board  190  and the capacitor  195  will now be described with reference to  FIGS. 6 to 8B . 
     The circuit board  190  and the position sensor  170  may be disposed on the third portion  141 - 3 , the third surface or the third outer surface of the housing  140 , at which the first magnet  130 - 1  is disposed. 
     For example, the circuit board  190  may be disposed outside the position sensor  170  disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . Here, the outside of the position sensor  170  may mean the side opposite the center of the housing  140  with respect to the position sensor  170 . 
     For example, the circuit board  190  may be disposed in the groove  25   a  formed in the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . At least a portion of the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190  may be in contact with the surface of the groove  25   a  in the housing  140 . 
     The circuit board  190  may include a plurality of outer terminals (or “terminals”) B 1  to B 6  to be conductively connected to the outside and first and second terminals  91  and  92 , which are conductively connected to the lower elastic member  160  and receive drive signals for driving the coil  120  from the position sensor  170 . 
     For example, the circuit board  190  may be a PCB or an FPCB. 
     The first and second terminals  91  and  92  may be formed on the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 , and the plurality of outer terminals B 1  to B 6  may be formed on the second surface  19   b  of the circuit board  190 . 
     For example, although the plurality of outer terminals B 1  to B 2  may be arranged in a line at the lower end of the second surface  19   b  of the circuit board  190 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. Here, the second surface  19   b  of the circuit board  190  may be a surface opposite the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 . 
     Although the circuit board  190  shown in  FIG. 8A  includes six terminals B 1  to B 6 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The circuit board  190  may include a circuit pattern or a wire for conductively connecting the position sensor  190  to the terminals  91 ,  92  and B 1  to B 6 . 
     The position sensor  170  may be mounted or disposed on a first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The position sensor  170  may be disposed on the first seating portion  17   a  formed in the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     At the initial position of the bobbin  110 , the position sensor  170  disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  may overlap the sensing magnet  180 , disposed on the bobbin  110 , in a direction toward the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the position sensor  170  may not overlap the sensing magnet  180  in another embodiment. 
     At the initial position of the bobbin  110 , the position sensor  170  disposed on the housing  140  may overlap the coil  120  in the direction of the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the position sensor  170  may not overlap the coil  120 . 
     For example, at the initial position of the bobbin  110 , the capacitor  195  disposed on the housing  140  may overlap the coil  120  in a direction toward the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . Here, the capacitor  195  may overlap a portion of the coil  120  disposed on the corner portion  110   c   1  of the bobbin  110  that corresponds to or faces the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     The sensor  170  disposed on the housing  140  may not overlap the first and second magnets  130 - 1  and  130 - 2  in a direction toward the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     The position sensor  170  may detect the intensity of the magnetic field of the third magnet  180  mounted on the bobbin  110  during movement of the bobbin  110 , and may output a signal (for example, an output signal) corresponding to the result of the detection. 
     The position sensor  170  may be embodied as a Hall sensor or a driver including the Hall sensor. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates the construction of an embodiment of the position sensor  170  shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , the position sensor  170  may include a Hall sensor  410 , an analog-digital converter (ADC)  430 , a controller  440 , a voltage regulator  470  and terminals P 1  to P 4 , PO 1 , PO 2  and N 1 . 
     For example, the first and second terminals P 1  and P 2  of the position sensor  170  may be conductively connected to the first and second outer terminals B 1  and B 2  of the circuit board  190 , and the third and fourth terminals P 3  and P 4  of the position sensor  170  may be conductively connected to the third and fourth outer terminals B 3  and B 4  of the circuit board  190 . Furthermore, the drive terminals PO 1  and PO 2  of the position sensor  170  may be conductively connected to the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190 . 
     At least one terminal TES for testing the position sensor  170  may be conductively connected to the terminal B 5  or B 6  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The position sensor  170  may further include a current driver  450  and a bias unit  460 . 
     Furthermore, the position sensor  435  may further include a temperature sensor  435 . 
     Furthermore, the position sensor  435  may further include at least one terminal TEST for testing or the like. 
     The Hall sensor  420  may receive a drive signal Dh, and may generate the output HO resulting from the detection of the intensity of the magnetic force of the sensing magnet  180  based on the drive signal. For example, the Hall sensor  410  may include two input terminals (not shown) and two output terminals (not shown), and drive signals may be supplied to the two input terminals of the Hall sensor  410 . 
     For example, the output HO from the Hall sensor  410  may be of a voltage type, and may be output through the two output terminals of the Hall sensor  410 . In another embodiment, the output from the Hall sensor  410  may be of a current type. The output HO may be an analog signal. 
     For example, the Hall sensor  410  may be made of silicone or GaAs, without being limited thereto. The output of the Hall sensor  410  may be affected by ambient temperature. Here, the ambient temperature may be the temperature of the lens moving apparatus, for example, the temperature of the circuit board  190 , the temperature of the Hall sensor  410 , or the temperature of the position sensor  170 . 
     For example, the output VH of the silicone-based Hall sensor  61  may decrease as the ambient temperature increases, and the output of the GaAs Hall sensor may have a slope of about −0.06%/° C. at or near an ambient temperature. 
     The amplifier  420  receives the output HO from the Hall sensor  410 , amplifies the received output from the Hall sensor  410  based on a control signal HFS, and outputs the amplified signal AS resulting from the amplification through the output terminal  421 . 
     For example, the amplifier  420  may be a variable gain amplifier (VGA). For example, the gain of the amplifier  420  may be controlled based on the control signal HFS, with the result that the level of the amplified signal AS output from the amplifier  420  may be controlled. 
     The analog-digital converter  430  outputs the output of the amplifier  420 , for example, the digital signal DS resulting from the analog-digital conversion of the amplified signal AS. Here, the digital signal DS contains information about displacement of the current operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ). 
     The controller  440  may perform data communication, for example, I2C communication, through an external host and a protocol, and may transmit and receive a clock signal SCL and a data signal SDA through the terminals P 3  and P 4 . 
     For example, the controller  440  may include a serial interface unit  442  for performing data communication, for example, I2C communication, through a protocol. 
     The controller  440  may further include a memory  443 , for example, an EEPROM in which an initial register setting value of the position sensor  170  pertaining to the displacement of the operation unit (for example, the bobbin  110 ) and a calculated value are stored. 
     The memory  443  may store therein firmware version information, a PID tuning value of an equalizer  441 , a hall calibration level, a correction value for temperature compensation, a correction value for linearity and the like. 
     The controller  440  may further include a logical controller  444 . 
     The logical controller  444  may create bias control signals BC 1  and BC 2  for controlling the bias unit  460 . Furthermore, the logical controller  444  may create a control signal LS 1  for controlling the equalizer  441 . 
     Furthermore, the logical controller  444  may create bias control signals Bc 1  and Bc 2  for controlling the bias unit  460 . 
     The controller  440  may further include the equalizer  441 , configured to perform phase compensation and/or gain compensation on the digital signal DS. 
     For example, the equalizer  441  may include a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. 
     The equalizer  441  receives the information LS 1  supplied from the logical controller  444  and the digital signal DS supplied from the analog-digital converter  430 , and outputs the digital value DC for controlling a current driver  450  based on the information LS 1  and the digital signal DS. For example, the information LS 1  may be an initial register setting value of the position sensor  170  and a calculated value. 
     For example, the equalizer  441  may control the current driver  450  to cause the digital signal DS that is the output of the Hall sensor HO to be equal to the initial register setting value of the position sensor  170 , thereby controlling the drive signal Ids supplied to the coil  120 . 
     The bias unit  460  may create the drive signal Dh for driving the Hall sensor  410  based on the first bias control signal BC 1  supplied from the logical controller  444 . 
     Furthermore, the bias unit  460  may create the control signal HFS for controlling the level of the amplified signal As of the amplifier  420  based on the second bias control signal BC 1  supplied from the logical controller  444 . 
     Furthermore, the bias unit  460  may adjust the hall offset of the Hall sensor  410 . The output from the Hall sensor  410  may be output as positive voltage or negative voltage depending on whether the magnetic field detected by the Hall sensor  410  is generated from the N pole or the S pole of the magnet. Here, the hall offset is a value relating to the difference between output voltages of the Hall sensor  410  due to the displacement of the operation unit in two direction with respect to the initial position of the operation unit. 
     The current driver  450  creates the drive signal Id 1  for driving the coil  120  based on the digital value SC output from the equalizer  441 , and outputs the drive signal Id 1  to the drive terminals PO 1  and PO 2 . 
     For example, the drive terminals PO 1  and PO 2  of the position sensor  170  may be conductively connected to the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190 , respectively, and may be conductively connected to the coil  120  via the lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b.    
     The temperature sensor  435  supplies the temperature signal Ts as the result of detection or measurement of ambient temperature to the analog-digital converter  450 . 
     The analog-digital converter  430  may correct the digital signal DS based on the temperature signal Ts, and may output the corrected digital signal. 
     The voltage regulator  470  may receive power signals or power voltages VDD and VSS suppled through the first and second terminals P 1  and P 2  of the position sensor  170 , and may supply a stable operating voltage for operating the elements using the supplied power signal (or the power voltage). For example, although the voltage regulator  470  may be a low-drop-output (LDO) regulator, the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The capacitor  195  may be disposed on the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . For example, the capacitor  195  may be disposed in the seating portion  17   b  in the housing  140 . 
     The capacitor  195  may be disposed or mounted on the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 , and may be conductively connected to the circuit board  190 . 
     The capacitor  195  may be of a chip type, and may include a first terminal conductively connected to one end thereof and a second terminal conductively connected to the other end thereof. The capacitor  195  may be alternatively referred to as a capacitive device or a condenser. 
     In another embodiment, the capacitor  195  may be embodied as being included in the circuit board  190 . For example, the circuit board  190  may include a capacitor including a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer, and an insulation layer (for example, a dielectric layer) interposed between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. 
     The capacitor  195  may be conductively connected in parallel to the first and second terminals P 1  and P 2  of the position sensor  170 , through which the power voltages VDD and VSS are supplied. 
     For example, the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected in parallel to the first and second outer terminals (for example, B 1  and B 2 ) of the circuit board  190 , through which the power voltages VDD and VSS are supplied to the position sensor  170 . For example, the power voltage VSS may be a ground voltage GND. 
       FIG. 11A  illustrates a conductive connection relationship between the position sensor  170 , the circuit board  190 , and the capacitor  195  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11A , the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected in parallel both to the first terminal P 1  of the position sensor  170 , through which the first power voltage VDD is input, and to the second terminal P 2  of the position sensor  170 , through which the second power voltage VSS is input. 
     For example, one end (or a first terminal  195   a ) of the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected to the first outer terminal B 1  of the circuit board  190 , and the other end (or a second terminal  195   b ) of the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected to the second outer terminal B 2  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11A  may be conductively connected in parallel to the first and second outer terminals B 1  and B 2  of the circuit board  190  so as to serve as a smoothing circuit for eliminating a ripple component contained in the power voltages (for example, VDD and VSS), which are supplied to the position sensor  170  from the outside, thereby providing the position sensor  170  with stable and constant power signals. 
     For example, the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11A  is capable of inhibiting high-frequency noise component introduced from the outside or overcurrent caused by ESD or the like to be applied to the position sensor  170  and of inhibiting a phenomenon in which a calibration value relating to the displacement of the bobbin obtained based on the output signal of the position sensor  170  is reset due to the overcurrent. 
     For example, the capacitance of the capacitor may range from 0.1 μF to 2.5 μF. For example, the capacitance of the capacitor  195  may be 2.2 μF. 
     In another embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitor  195  may range from 0.5 μF to 2 μF. In another embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitor  195  may be, for example, 1 μF or higher. 
     If the capacitance of the capacitor  195  is lower than 0.1 μF, an effect of eliminating ripples may be deteriorated, thereby making it difficult to supply stable power voltage to the position sensor  170 . If the capacitance of the capacitor  195  is higher than 2.5 μF, the size of the capacitor  195  may increase, and a large amount of heat may be generated. 
     In another embodiment, the capacitance of the capacitor  195  may be 1 μF or higher. 
     In another embodiment, the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected to an output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170 . For example, the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  may be a terminal connected to the output terminal  421  of the amplifier  420  of the position sensor  170 , through which the amplified signal AS is output. In another embodiment, the terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  may be an input terminal  419  of the amplifier  420 , through which the output HO from the Hall sensor  410  is input. 
       FIG. 11B  illustrates a conductive connection relationship between the position sensor  170 , the circuit board  190  and the capacitor  195  according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11B , the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11B  may be conductively connected in parallel both to the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  and the ground GND (for example, the second terminal P 2  of the position sensor  170 ). 
     For example, the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11B  may be connected both to the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  and to the second outer terminal B 2  of the circuit board  190 . 
     For example, one end (or the first terminal  195   a ) of the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11B  may be conductively connected to the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170 , and the other end (or the second terminal  195   b ) of the capacitor  195  may be conductively connected to the second outer terminal B 2  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11B  may be conductively connected to the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  so as to eliminate high-frequency noise component, introduced from the outside, from the output from the position sensor  170 . For example, the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 11B  may serve to bypass high-frequency noise component introduced from the outside. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5A , the length (or thickness) L 4  of the capacitor  195  may be greater than the length (or thickness) T 2  of the position sensor  170  (L 4 &gt;T 2 ). 
     The length L 4  of the capacitor  195  may be the shortest distance from the first surface to the second surface of the capacitor  195 . The first surface of the capacitor  195  may be the surface that faces the bobbin  110 , and the second surface of the capacitor  195  may be the surface opposite the first surface of the capacitor  195 . 
     The length (or thickness) T 2  of the position sensor  170  may be the shortest distance from the first surface to the second surface of the position sensor  170 . The first surface of the position sensor  170  may be the surface that faces the bobbin  110 , and the second surface of the position sensor  170  may be the surface opposite the first surface of the position sensor  170 . 
     Although the length L 4  of the capacitor  195  may be equal to the length L 3  of the capacitor  195 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the length L 4  may be greater than the length L 3  (L 4 &gt;L 3 ). In a further embodiment, the length L 4  may be less than the length L 3  (L 4 &lt;L 3 ). 
     The height H 1  of the capacitor  195  may be greater than the lengths L 3  and L 4  (H 1 &gt;L 3 , L 4 ). Here, the height of the capacitor  195  may be the length of the capacitor  195  in the optical-axis direction. Because the height H 1  is greater than the length L 3  (H 1 &gt;L 3 ), it is possible to dispose the capacitor  195  at the corner portion of the housing  140 , and it is possible to increase the capacitance of the capacitor  195  by increasing the length of the capacitor  195  in the optical-axis direction. 
     For example, although the length of the capacitor  195  in the optical-axis direction may be less than the length of the position sensor  170  in the optical-axis direction, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the length of the capacitor  195  may be equal to or greater than the length of the position sensor  170  in the optical-axis direction. 
     Next, the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  will be described. 
     The upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may be coupled to the bobbin  110 . For example, the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may be coupled both to the bobbin  110  and to the housing  140  so as to support the bobbin  110 . 
     For example, the upper elastic member  150  may be coupled both to the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end of the bobbin  110  and to the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end of the housing  140 , and the lower elastic member  160  may be coupled both to the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of the bobbin  110  and to the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of the housing  140 . 
     At least one of the upper and lower elastic members  150  and  160  may be divided or separated into two or more. For example, the lower elastic member  160  may include a first lower elastic unit  160   a  and a second lower elastic unit  106   b , which are spaced apart from each other. 
     Although each of the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may be embodied as a leaf spring, the disclosure is not limited thereto. Each of the upper and lower elastic members  150  and  160  may be embodied as a coil spring, a suspension wire, or the like. 
     Although the upper elastic member  150  is illustrated in  FIG. 6  as having a single upper elastic unit, which is not divided, the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the upper elastic member may include a plurality of upper elastic units, and the plurality of upper elastic units may be conductively connected to the coil  120 . 
     The upper elastic member  150  may include a first inner frame  151  coupled to the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end of the bobbin  110 , a first outer frame  152  coupled to the upper portion, the upper surface or the upper end of the housing  140 , and a first frame connector  153  connecting the first inner frame  151  to the first outer frame  152 . Here, the term “inner frame” may be interchangeably used with “inner portion”, and the term “outer frame” may be interchangeably used with “outer portion”. 
     For example, although the upper elastic member  150  may include four first inner frames coupled to the side portions  110   b   1  to  110   b   4  of the bobbin  110 , four first outer frames coupled to the corner portions  142 - 1  to  142 - 4  of the housing  140 , and four first frame connectors  153 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. Each of the number of first inner frames, the number of first outer frames and the number of first frame connectors may be one or more. 
     The first inner frame  151  of the upper elastic member  150  may have formed therein a groove or hole  151   a , which is coupled to the first coupling portion  113  of the bobbin  110 , and the first outer frame  152  may have formed therein a groove or hole  152   a , which is coupled to the first coupler  144  of the housing  140 . Although each of the grooves  151   a  and  152   a  may have a slit formed therein, the slit may not be formed in another embodiment. 
     The first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may be coupled to the bobbin  110 . Alternatively, the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may be coupled both to the bobbin  110  and to the housing  140 . 
     The first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may be disposed between the bobbin  110  and the base  210 . 
     At least one of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may include the second inner frame  161 - 1 ,  161 - 2  coupled to the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of the bobbin  110 , the second outer frame  162 - 1 ,  162 - 2  coupled to the lower portion, the lower surface or the lower end of the housing  140 , and the second frame connector  163 - 1 ,  163 - 2 , connecting the second inner frame  161 - 1 ,  161 - 2  to the second outer frame  162 - 1 ,  162 - 2 . 
     The second inner frame  161 ,  161 - 2  of at least one of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may have formed therein a hole  161   a  for coupling the second coupling portion  117  of the bobbin  110  using solder or a conductive adhesive member. 
     The second outer frame  162 - 1 ,  162 - 2  of at least one of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may have formed therein a hole  162   a  for coupling the second coupler  147  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, by means of solder or a conductive member, one end of the coil  120  may be connected to one end of the second inner frame  161 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a , and the other end of the coil may be connected to one end of the second inner frame  161 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b.    
     For example, the second inner frame  161 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a  may be provided with a bonding portion  65   a , to which one end of the coil  120  is coupled, and the second inner frame  161 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  may be provided with a bonding portion  65   b , to which the other end of the coil  120  is coupled. 
     For example, each of the bonding portions  65   a  and  65   b  of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  may have a fitting groove for guiding the coil  120 . 
     The second outer frame  162 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a  may be provided with a first bonding portion  62   a , to which a first terminal  91  of the circuit board  190  is coupled. 
     For example, the second outer frame  162 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a  may be disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3 , the first corner portion  142 - 1 , the second corner portion  142 - 1 , the third corner portion  142 - 3  and the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140 , and the first bonding portion  62   a  may be positioned at one end of the second outer frame  162 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a  disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the second outer frame  162 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a  may include a first extended portion  61   a , which extends toward the third side portion  141 - 3  from the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 , and the first bonding portion  62   a  may be provided at one end of the first extended portion  61   a.    
     For example, the first bonding portion  62   a  may be positioned at the lower surface of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  or below the lower portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . For example, the first bonding portion  62   a  may project toward the circuit board  190  from the outer surface of the second outer frame  162 - 1  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a , positioned at the third side portion  141 - 3 , so as to be easily coupled to the first terminal  91  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  may be provided with a second bonding portion  62   b , to which the second terminal  92  of the circuit board  190  is coupled. 
     For example, the second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  may be disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3 , the second corner portion  142 - 2 , the first corner portion  142 - 1 , the fourth corner portion  142 - 4  and the fourth side portion  141 - 4  of the housing  140 , and the second bonding portion  62   b  may be disposed on one end of the second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b , disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  may include the second extended portion  61   b , which extends toward the third side portion  141 - 3  from the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 , and the second bonding portion  62   b  may be provided at one end of the second extended portion  61   b.    
     For example, the second bonding portion  62   b  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  may be spaced apart from the first bonding portion  62   a  of the first lower elastic unit  160   a , and may be disposed on one end of the second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   a  adjacent to the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the second bonding portion  62   b  may be positioned at the lower surface of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  or below the lower portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . For example, the second bonding portion  62   b  may project toward the circuit board  190  from the outer surface of the second outer frame  162 - 2  of the second lower elastic unit  160   b  positioned at the third side portion  141 - 3  so as to be easily coupled to the second connection terminal  92  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The coil  120  may be conductively connected to the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190  via the first lower elastic unit  160   a  and the second lower elastic unit  160   b.    
     The drive signal Id 1  may be supplied to the coil  120  from the position sensor  170  via the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190  and the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b.    
     Each of the first frame connector  153  and the second frame connector  163  of the upper elastic member  150  and the lower elastic member  160  may be bent or curved (or may be formed into a curved line) at least once so as to define a predetermined pattern. The upward and/or downward movement of the bobbin  110  in the first direction may be flexibly (or elastically) supported through changes in position and fine deformation of the first and second frame connectors  153  and  163 . 
     In order to absorb and dampen vibrations of the bobbin  110 , the lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a damper (not shown) disposed between the upper elastic member  150  and the housing  140 . 
     For example, the damper (not shown) may be disposed in the space between the first frame connector  153  of the upper elastic member  150  and the bobbin  110  (and/or the housing  140 . 
     For example, the lens moving apparatus  100  may further include a damper (not shown) disposed between the second frame connectors  163  of each of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  and the bobbin  110  (and/or the housing  140 ). 
     For example, a damper (not shown) may also be disposed between the inner surface of the housing  140  and the outer surface of the bobbin  110 . 
     Next, the base  210  will be described. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8A , the base  210  may have a bore corresponding to the bore in the bobbin  110  and/or the bore in the housing  140 , and may have a shape corresponding to or coinciding with that of the cover member  300 , for example, a square shape. 
     The base  210  may include a step  211  at the lower end of the side surface thereof, to which an adhesive is applied when the cover member  300  is secured to the base  210  via adhesion. Here, the step  211  may guide the cover member  300 , which is coupled to the upper side of the base, and may face the lower end of the side plate of the cover member  300 . An adhesive member and/or a sealing member may be disposed or applied between the lower end of the side plate of the base  210  and the step  211  of the base  210 . 
     The base  210  may be disposed below the bobbin  110  and the housing  140 . 
     For example, the base  210  may be disposed below the lower elastic member  160 . 
     The projection  216 , which corresponds to the guide groove  148  in the housing  140 , may be provided at a corner of the upper surface of the base  210 . Although the projection  216  may have the form of a polygonal column, which projects perpendicularly from the upper surface of the base  210 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     The projection  216  may be fitted into the guide groove  148  in the housing  140 , and may be fastened or coupled to the guide groove  148  using an adhesive member (not shown) such as epoxy or silicone. 
     In order to inhibit the lower surface or the lower end of the bobbin  110  from directly colliding with the upper surface of the base  210  in the event of occurrence of an external impact, the base  210  may include a stopper (not shown) projecting from the upper surface thereof, and the stopper of the base may be disposed so as to correspond to the projection of the base, without being limited thereto. 
     In order to avoid spatial interference between the bobbin  110  and the lower elastic member  160 , the stoppers of the base  210  may be positioned higher than the second frame connectors  163  of the lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  coupled to the base  210 . 
     The base  210  may include a seating groove  210   a  formed in the side surface corresponding to the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 , at which the circuit board  190  is disposed, so as to allow the lower end of the circuit board  190  to be seated in the seating groove  210   a . The seating groove  210   a  in the base  210  may be configured to be depressed from the outer surface of the base  210  corresponding to the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the terminals B 1  to B 6  of the circuit board  190  may be disposed on the lower end of the second surface  19   b  of the circuit board  190 , and may be positioned in the seating groove  210   a  in the base  210 . 
     The base  210  may have therein grooves  22   a  and  22   b  configured to inhibit spatial interference with the bonding portions  62   a  and  62   b  of the first and second lower elastic units  160   a  and  160   b  disposed on the base  210  and to make it easy to perform soldering. The grooves  22   a  and  22   b  in the base  210  may have a form depressed from the upper surface of the base  210 , and may be connected to the seating groove  210   a . However, the disclosure is not limited thereto, and the grooves  22   a  and  22   b  may not be connected to the seating groove  210   a.    
     For example, the seating groove  210   a  in the base  210  may be provided with a protrusion  36  for supporting the circuit board  190 . In another embodiment, the protrusion may be omitted. 
     The protrusion  36  of the base  210  may be configured to project from the bottom of the seating groove  210   a  so as to support a first extension A 1  of the circuit board  190 , without being limited thereto. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8B , the circuit board  190  may include a body part S 1  and an extension part S 2  positioned under the body part S 1 . The body part S 1  may be alternatively referred to as an “upper part”, and the extension part S 2  may be alternatively referred to as a “lower part”. The extension part S 2  may extend downwards from the body part S 1 . 
     For example, the body part S 1  may be disposed on the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 , and the extension part S 2  may be disposed both at the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  and at one side surface of the base  210 . 
     For example, although the outer terminals B 1  to B 6  of the circuit board  190  and the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190  may be disposed on the extension part S 2 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     For example, the height of the upper ends or the upper surfaces of the first and second terminals  91  and  92  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190  may be less than the height of the lower end or the lower surface of the position sensor  170  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190 . 
     For example, the height of the upper surfaces of the outer terminals B 1  to B 6  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190  may be less than the height of the lower ends or the lower surfaces of the first and second terminals  91  and  92  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190 . 
     Furthermore, although the height of the upper end or the upper surface of the position sensor  170  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190  may be less than the height of the upper end or the upper surface of the capacitor  915  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     In another embodiment, the height of the upper end or the upper surface of the position sensor  170  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190  may be equal to or less than the height of the upper end or the upper surface of the capacitor  915  from the lower end or the lower surface of the circuit board  190 . 
     The body part S 1  may be configured to project from a side surface of the extension part S 2 . 
     The body part S 1  may include an extension region A 2 , extending toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . For example, at least a portion of the extension region A 2  may be disposed on the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     The plurality of terminals B 1  to B 4  may be arranged toward the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140  with respect to the central line  401   a  of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . In other words, because the right side of the lower end of the circuit board  190  is supported by the protrusion  36  of the base  210 , the plurality of terminals B 1  to B 4  may be arranged to the left of the central line  401   a . Here, the central line  401   a  may be a line that intersects the center of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  and is parallel to the optical axis. 
     In another embodiment, the plurality of terminals of the circuit board  190  may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the central line  401  of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . In a further embodiment, the plurality of terminals of the circuit board  190  may be arranged toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  with respect to the central line  401   a.    
     A sensing region (or a sensing element)  70  of the position sensor  170  mounted on the circuit board  190  may be positioned at the center of the position sensor  170 , and the sensing region  70  may be positioned on the central line  401   a . In another embodiment, the sensing region  70  may be positioned to the right or the left of the central line  401   a.    
     The sensing region of the position sensor  170  may be positioned on the side toward the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140  with respect to the central line  401   b  of the circuit board  190 . Here, the central line  401   b  of the circuit board  190  may be a line that intersects the center of the circuit board  190  and is parallel to the optical axis. For example, the center of the circuit board  190  may be a point that is positioned at the same distance from the two side ends of the circuit board  190 . In another embodiment, the sensing region  70  of the position sensor  170  may be positioned on the central line  401   b  of the circuit board  190 , or may be positioned on the side toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  with respect to the central line  401   b.    
     For example, the capacitor  195  may be disposed in the extension region A 2  of the circuit board  190   a.    
     The circuit board  190  may also be divided into a body part  82   a  and an extension part  82   b.    
     The plurality of terminals B 1  to B 6  may be disposed on the lower end of the body part  82   b.    
     The body part  82   a  may be disposed both at a portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140  and at a portion of one side surface of the base  210  corresponding to the third side portion  141 - 3 . 
     The extension part  82   b  may extend toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  from the body part  82   a . The extension part  82   b  may be disposed on another portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 , at another portion of the one side surface of the base  210 , and at the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     The capacitor  195  may be disposed in one region of the extension part  82   b.    
     The extension part  82   b  may include the first extension A 1 , which extends toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  from a portion of one side of the body part  82   a , and the second extension A 2 , which extends toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  from a portion of one side of the first extension A 1 . 
     For example, the first extension may be disposed on another portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  and another portion of the one side surface of the base  210 . The second extension A 2  may be disposed on the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . For example, the capacitor  195  may be disposed on the second extension A 2 . 
     The lower end of the body part  82   a , the lower end of the first extension A 1 , and the lower end of the second extension A 2 , may define a staircase or stepped structure. 
     The protrusion  36  of the base  210  may support the lower end of the first extension A 1 . 
     Next, the cover member  300  will be described. 
     The cover member  300  accommodates other components  110 ,  120 ,  130 - 1 ,  130 - 2 ,  140 ,  150 ,  160   a ,  160   b ,  170 ,  180 ,  190  and  195  in the space defined between the cover member  300  and the base  210 . 
     The cover member  300  may be configured to have a box shape, which is open at the lower face thereof and includes the upper plate and the side plates. The lower ends of the side plates of the cover member  1300  may be coupled to the upper portion of the base  1210 . The upper plate of the cover member  1300  may have a polygonal shape, for example, a square shape, an octagonal shape, or the like, and may have a bore through which a lens (not shown) is exposed to external light. 
     The cover member  1300  may be made of a nonmagnetic material such as stainless steel or plastic in order to inhibit the cover member  1300  from being attracted to the magnets  130 , and may be made of a magnetic material so as to serve as a yoke. 
       FIG. 12  illustrates the thicknesses of the position sensor  170  and the capacitor  195  mounted on the circuit board  190 . 
     The capacitor  195  may be required to have a capacitance sufficiently high to serve as a smoothing circuit for eliminating ripple components contained in power voltages (for example, VDD and VSS), as described in  FIG. 11A , or to bypass high-frequency noise component introduced from the outside, as described in  FIG. 11B . Hence, the thickness T 1  of the capacitor  195  may be greater than the thickness of the position sensor  170 . 
     The thickness T 1  of the capacitor  195  disposed on the circuit board  190  may be the length of the capacitor  195  in a direction perpendicular to the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190  or the length of the capacitor  195  in a direction toward the fourth side portion  141 - 4  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     The thickness T 2  of the position sensor  170  disposed on the circuit board  190  may be the length of the position sensor  170  in a direction perpendicular to the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190  or the length of the position sensor  170  in a direction toward the fourth side portion  141 - 4  from the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     Furthermore, the distance to the first surface (or the front surface) of the capacitor  195  from the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190  may be greater than the distance T 3  to the first surface (or the front surface) of the position sensor  170  from the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 . 
     Here, the first surface of the capacitor  195  may be the surface opposite the second surface (or the rear surface) of the capacitor  195  that faces the first surface of the circuit board  190 , and the first surface of the position sensor  170  may be the surface opposite the second surface (or the rear surface) of the position sensor  190  that faces the first surface  19   a  of the circuit board  190 . For example, T 3  may be the value of the thickness of the position sensor  170  plus the thickness of solder  95  disposed between the position sensor  170  and the circuit board  190 . 
     Because the thickness T 1  of the capacitor  195  is greater than the thickness of the position sensor  170  (T 1 &gt;T 2 ), the bore in the bobbin  110  must be decreased in order to dispose the capacitor  195  at the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 , thereby decreasing the diameter of a lens mounted in the bobbin  110 . It is difficult to apply this structure to a product having an f-number that is decreased by increasing the diameter of a lens. 
     When the capacitor  195  is disposed on the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 , it is necessary to provide a predetermined distance (for example, 0.05 mm-0.2 mm) between the coil and the position sensor and between the coil and the capacitor in order to avoid spatial interference between the capacitor  195  and the side portion of the housing  140 . When a predetermined distance is maintained between the capacitor and the coil in order to avoid the above-mentioned spatial interference, the distance between the sensing magnet and the position sensor may increase, thereby lowering the sensitivity of the position sensor, and increasing the overall size of the lens moving apparatus. 
     Although the size (for example, the thickness) of the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140  must be increased in order to dispose the capacitor  195  at the side portion of the housing  140 , this may cause an increase in the overall size of the lens moving apparatus. 
     The capacitor  195  according to an embodiment may be disposed in a first region Q 1  of the corner portion (for example,  142 - 1 ) of the housing  140 , rather than the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 . Because the size of the first region Q 1  of the corner portion (for example,  142 - 1 ) of the housing  140  is greater than the thickness of the side portion (for example,  141 - 3 ) of the housing  140 , it is possible to secure sufficient space to accommodate the capacitor  195  even without decreasing the diameter of the bore in the bobbin  110 . 
     Accordingly, the embodiment is able to mount a lens having a large diameter, increase the sensitivity of the position sensor  170 , and mount a capacitor having a large capacitance without increasing the size of the lens moving apparatus. As a result, it is possible to realize stable power supply to the position sensor  170  and to reliably eliminate noise from the output of the position sensor  170 . 
       FIG. 13A  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 13B  illustrates the circuit board  190   a , the position sensor  170 , and the first capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 13A . 
     The same reference numerals as those used in  FIGS. 1 to 12  denote the same components, and description of the same components will be given briefly or omitted. 
     Although the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIGS. 1 to 12  includes a single capacitor  195 , the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIGS. 13A and 13B  may include a first capacitor  195  and a second capacitor  195   a , which are disposed or mounted on the circuit board  190   a . The capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 8B  is represented as the “first capacitor” in  FIGS. 13A and 13B , and the description of the capacitor  195  shown in  FIG. 8B  may be applied to the first capacitor shown in  FIG. 13A . 
     The first capacitor  195  may be disposed on the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 . For example, the first capacitor  195  may be disposed in the first region Q 1  of the first corner portion  142 - 1 . 
     The second capacitor  195   a  may be disposed on the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, the second capacitor  195   a  may be disposed in the first region Q 2  of the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     Each of the thickness of the first region Q 1  of the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  and the thickness of the first region Q 2  of the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140  may be greater than the thickness of the first side portion  141 - 1  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, although the thickness of the first region Q 1  of the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  may be equal to the thickness of the first region Q 2  of the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the two thicknesses may be different from each other. 
     Each of the first and second corner portions  142 - 1  and  142 - 2  (for example, the first regions Q 1  and Q 2 ) of the housing  140  may be provided with a second seating groove  17   b.    
     The first capacitor  195  may be one of the capacitors  195  shown in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , and the second capacitor  195   a  may be the other of the capacitors  195  shown in  FIGS. 11A and 11B . 
     The circuit board  190   a  may be disposed on the first side portion  141 - 1 , the first corner portion  142 - 1 , and the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     The body part S 1  may include a first extension A 2  extending toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  and a second extension A 3  extending toward the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     For example, at least a portion of the first extension A 2  may be disposed on the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140 , and at least a portion of the second extension A 3  may be disposed on the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . 
     Although the horizontal length of the first extension A 2  is greater than the horizontal length of the second extension A 3  in  FIG. 13B , the disclosure is not limited thereto. In another embodiment, the horizontal length of the first extension A 2  may be equal to or less than the horizontal length of the second extension A 3 . 
     For example, the first capacitor  195  may be disposed on the first extension A 2  of the circuit board  190   a , and the second capacitor  195   a  may be disposed on the second extension A 3  of the circuit board  190   a.    
     Since the first and second capacitors  195  and  195   a  are disposed on the corner portions  142 - 1  and  142 - 2  of the housing  140 , it is possible to mount a lens having a large diameter and a capacitor  195  having a large capacitance, as described above. Accordingly, it is possible to realize stable power supply to the position sensor  170  and to reliably eliminate noise from the output of the position sensor  170 . 
     The circuit board  190   a  may also be divided into a body part  81   a , a first extension part  82   b , and a second extension part  82   c . The extension part  82   b  described in  FIG. 8B  is represented as the first extension part in  FIG. 13B , and the description of the extension part  82   b  shown in  FIG. 8B  may be applied to the first extension part shown in  FIG. 13B . 
     The first extension part  82   b  may extend toward the first corner portion  142 - 1  of the housing  140  from one side of the body part  82   a , and the second extension part  82   c  may extend toward the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140  from the other side of the body part  82   a.    
     The first capacitor  195  may be disposed in a region of the extension part  82   b.    
     The first extension part  82   b  may include the first extension A 1  and the second extension A 2 . 
     The second extension part  82   c  may be disposed on the second corner portion  142 - 2  of the housing  140 . For example, at least a portion of the second extension part  82   c  may be disposed on one side surface of the base  210 . Furthermore, at least a portion of the second extension part  82   c  may be disposed on a portion of the third side portion  141 - 3  of the housing  140 . 
     One of the first and second capacitors  195  and  195   a  may be connected in parallel to the first and second outer terminals B 1  and B 2  of the circuit board  190 . Accordingly, it is possible to eliminate ripple components contained in power voltages (for example, VDD and VSS) supplied to the position sensor  170  from the outside and to supply a stable and constant power signal to the position sensor  170 . 
     Furthermore, the other of the first and second capacitors  195  and  195   a  may be connected both to the output terminal N 1  of the position sensor  170  and to the second outer terminal B 2  of the circuit board  190 . Accordingly, it is possible to eliminate high-frequency noise components, introduced from the outside, from the output of the position sensor  170 . 
       FIG. 14  is a perspective view of a lens moving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 15  is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 16  is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 17  is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 18  is an exploded perspective view of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 19  is a side view of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 20  is a transparent view of  FIG. 19 .  FIG. 21  is a plan view illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 22  is a perspective view illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus shown in  FIG. 14 .  FIG. 23  is a bottom perspective view illustrating some components of a lens moving apparatus according to a modification of the present invention.  FIG. 24  is a perspective illustrating some components of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 25  is a photograph showing a portion of the inner surface of the circuit board of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 26  is a view illustrating the circuit board of the lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
     The lens moving apparatus may be a voice coil motor (VCM). The lens moving apparatus may be a lens moving motor. The lens moving apparatus may be a lens moving actuator. The lens moving apparatus may include an AF module. In a modification, the lens moving apparatus may include an OIS module. 
     The lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a structure capable of overcoming the problem in which heat loss must be minimized in an automated soldering or halogen operation using hot air and there is difficulty in the soldering, because a cover  1100  is in contact with the circuit board  1600 . The embodiment may provide an escape groove in the cover  1100  at which the lower elastic member  1420  is soldered to the circuit board  1600  in order to inhibit heat loss. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the cover  1100 . The cover  1100  may include a ‘cover can’. The cover  1100  may include a ‘yoke’. The cover  1100  may be disposed so as to surround a portion of the housing  1210 . The cover  1100  may be coupled to the base  1500 . The cover  1100  may accommodate therein the housing  1210 . The cover  1100  may define the appearance of the lens moving apparatus. The cover  1100  may be configured to have a hexahedral shape, which is open at the lower surface thereof. The cover  1100  may be a nonmagnetic body. The cover  1100  may be made of a metal material. The cover  1100  may be embodied as a metal plate. The cover  1100  may block electromagnetic interference (EMI). Here, the cover  1100  may be referred to as an ‘EMI shield can’. 
     The cover  1100  may include an upper plate  1110  and a side plate  1120 . The cover  1100  may include the upper plate  1110 , having therein a bore, and the side plate  1120  extending downwards from the outer periphery or the edge of the upper plate  1110 . The upper plate  1110  of the cover  1100  may be disposed above the bobbin  1310 . The lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may be disposed on a stepped portion  1510  of the base  1500 . The inner surface of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may be fixed to the base  1500  using an adhesive. The description of the upper plate  1110  and the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may also be applied to the cover member  300  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , with or without modification. 
     The cover  1100  may have therein a groove  1121 . The groove  1121  may be formed in the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The groove  1121  may be formed at a position corresponding to a terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  such that at least a portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  does not overlap the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The groove  1121  may be formed in the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  such that at least a portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  is disposed under the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The groove  1121  may be formed such that at least a portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  does not overlap the side plate  1120  of the cover in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Here, the direction perpendicular to the optical axis may be the x-axis direction in an X-Y-Z coordinate system. In other words, the groove  1121  may be an escape groove through which an overlapping portion between the circuit board  1600  and the terminal  1610  is avoided. The embodiment is able to minimize a phenomenon in which heat loss occurs through the cover  1100  in a soldering procedure between the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  and a terminal portion of the lower elastic member  1420 . The reason why the escape groove is formed from the soldering surface to the opposite surface is to improve soldering by allowing solder formation under the escape groove. Furthermore, there is an advantage in that sealing for inhibiting the entry of contaminants is more easily realized in the escape groove of the cover  1100  than in a straight portion of the cover  1100 . 
     The description of the groove  1121  in the cover  1100  may be applied to the cover member  300  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , with or without modification. 
     The cover  1100  may include a projection  1122 . The projection  1122  may extend from the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  to a height corresponding to the lower end of the circuit board  1600 . Here, the projection  1122  may be directly coupled to a printed circuit board disposed under the base  1500 . The projection  1122  may be coupled to the printed circuit board through soldering. Consequently, the cover  1100  may be grounded. The projection  1122  of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may include a first portion  1122   a  having, a width that decreases downwards, and a second portion  1122   b , which is disposed under the first portion  1122   a , is inclined inwards moving downwards, and is disposed in a third groove  1530  in the base  1500 . The second portion  1122   b  of the projection  1122  may include a sloped surface. The projection  1122  may be configured such that a portion thereof is bent so as to have a slope different from the slope of the remaining portion. 
     The description of the projection  1122  of the cover  1100  may be applied to the cover member  300  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , with or without modification. 
     The cover  1100  may include an inner yoke  1130 . The inner yoke  1130  may extend downwards from the inner periphery of the upper plate  1110  of the cover  1100 . At least a portion of the inner yoke  1130  may be disposed in a second groove  1312  in the bobbin  1310 . Accordingly, the inner yoke  1130  is capable of inhibiting rotation of the bobbin  1310 . 
     The description of the inner yoke  1130  of the cover  1100  may be applied to the cover member  300  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , with or without modification, and the description of the second groove  1312  in the bobbin  1310  may be applied to the bobbin  110  shown in  FIG. 4A , with or without modification. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include a housing  1210 . The housing  1210  may be disposed so as to surround at least a portion of the bobbin  1310 . The housing  1210  may accommodate therein at least a portion of the bobbin  1310 . The housing  1210  may be disposed between the cover  1100  and the bobbin  1310 . The housing  1210  may be made of a material different from that of the cover  1100 . The housing  1210  may be made of an insulation material. The housing  1210  may be injection-molded. The outer surface of the housing  1210  may be in contact with the inner surface of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . First magnets  1220  may be disposed on the housing  1210 . The housing  1210  may be coupled to the first magnets  1220  using an adhesive. An upper elastic member  1410  may be coupled to the upper portion or the upper surface of the housing  1210 . The lower elastic member  1420  may be coupled to the lower portion or the lower surface of the housing  1210 . The housing  1210  may be coupled to the elastic member  1400  using thermal fusion and/or an adhesive. The adhesive that is used to couple the housing  1210  to the first magnets  1220  and the housing  1210  to the elastic member  1400  may be epoxy, which is hardened by at least one of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and laser radiation. 
     The housing  1210  may include a plurality of side walls. The housing  1210  may include four side walls. The housing  1210  may include a first side wall, a second side wall disposed opposite the first side wall, and third and fourth side walls, which are disposed between the first and second side walls and are disposed opposite each other. 
     The housing  1210  may include a second groove  1211 . The second groove  1211  may be formed in a side wall of the housing  1210 . The second groove  1211  may be formed in the first side wall of the housing  1210 . The second groove  1211  may be formed in the lower surface of the housing  1210  at a position corresponding to a terminal portion  1424 . The second groove  1211  may be provided with a solder ball for connecting the terminal portion of the lower elastic member  1420  to the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 . 
     The housing  1210  may include a first hole  1212 . The first hole  1212  may be formed in a side wall of the housing  1210 . The first hole  1212  may be formed in the first side wall of the housing  1210 . The first hole  1212  may be formed through the side wall of the housing  1210  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. A driver IC  1700  may be disposed in the first hole  1212 . 
     The housing  1210  may include second holes  1213 . The second holes  1213  may be formed in side walls of the housing  1210 . The second holes  1213  may be respectively formed in the third and fourth side walls of the housing  1210 . The first magnets  1220  may be disposed in the second holes  1213 . The housing  1210  may include projections for supporting the inner surfaces of the first magnets  1220  disposed in the second holes  1213 . Accordingly, the outer surfaces of the first magnets  1220  disposed in the second holes  1213  in the housing  1210  may be fixed to the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , and the inner surfaces of the first magnets  1220  may be fixed to the projection of the housing  1210 . The upper surfaces, the lower surfaces and the side surfaces of the first magnets  1220  may be fixed to surfaces of the second holes  1213  in the housing  1210 . In the embodiment, the second holes  1213  may not be formed in the first and second side walls of the housing  1210 . 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the first magnets  1220 . The first magnets  1220  may be disposed on the housing  1210 . The first magnets  1220  may be fixed to the housing  1210  using an adhesive. The first magnets  1220  may be disposed between the bobbin  1310  and the housing  1210 . The first magnets  1220  may face a coil  1320 . The first magnets  1220  may electromagnetically interact with the coil  1320 . The first magnets  1220  may be disposed on the side walls of the housing  1210 . The first magnets  1220  may not be disposed on the first and second side walls of the housing  1210 . In other words, the first magnets  1220  may be disposed only at the third and fourth side walls of the housing  1210 . Accordingly, the magnetic field interference between the first magnets  1220  and the second and third magnets  1810  and  1820  may be minimized. Each of the first magnets  1220  may be a flat magnet having a flat plate shape. In a modification, the first magnets  1220  may be disposed on the corner portions of the housing  1210 . In this case, each of the first magnets  1220  may be a corner magnet having a hexahedral shape in which the inner side surface thereof is larger than the outer side surface thereof. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the bobbin  1310 . The bobbin  1310  may be disposed inside the housing  1210 . The bobbin  1310  may be disposed in the bore in the housing  1210 . The bobbin  1310  may be movably coupled to the housing  1210 . The bobbin  1310  may be moved relative to the housing  1210  in the optical-axis direction. A lens may be coupled to the bobbin  1310 . The bobbin  1310  may have a bore formed therethrough in the optical-axis direction. A lens may be disposed in the bore in the bobbin  1310 . The lens may be coupled to the bobbin  1310  by means of threaded coupling and/or an adhesive. The coil  1320  may be coupled to the bobbin  1310 . The upper elastic member  1410  may be coupled to the upper portion or the upper surface of the bobbin  1310 . The lower elastic member  1420  may be coupled to the lower portion or the lower surface of the bobbin  1310 . The bobbin  1310  may be coupled to the elastic member  1400  by means of thermal fusion and/or an adhesive. The adhesive that serves to couple the lens to the bobbin  1310  and the elastic member  1400  to the bobbin  1310  may be epoxy, which is hardened by at least one of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, heat, and laser radiation. 
     The bobbin  1310  may include a first groove  1311 . The first groove  1311  may be formed in the side surface of the bobbin  1310 . A second magnet  1810  may be disposed in the first groove  1311 . The first groove  1311  may be formed to have a shape corresponding to the shape of the second magnet  1810 . The bobbin  1310  may include a groove that is formed in the side opposite the first groove  1311  and in which a third magnet  1820  is disposed. 
     The bobbin  1310  may include a second groove  1312 . The second groove  1312  may be formed in the upper surface of the bobbin  1310 . At least a portion of the inner yoke  1130  may be disposed in the second groove  1312 . Accordingly, when the bobbin  1310  tries to rotate, the inner yoke  1130  disposed in the second groove  1312  is engaged with the bobbin  1310 , thereby inhibiting the rotation of the bobbin  1310 . 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the coil  1320 . The coil  1320  may be an ‘AF moving coil’, which is used to perform an AF operation. The coil  1320  may be disposed on the bobbin  1310 . The coil  1320  may be disposed between the bobbin  1310  and the housing  1210 . The coil  1320  may be disposed on the outer surface of the outer peripheral surface of the bobbin  1310 . The coil  1320  may be wound around the bobbin  1310 . Alternatively, the coil  1320  may be wound therearound, and may then be coupled to the bobbin  1310 . The coil  1320  may face the first magnets  1220 . The coil  1320  may be disposed so as to face the first magnets  1220 . The coil  1320  may electromagnetically interact with the first magnets  1220 . Here, when current flows in the coil  1320  and thus an electromagnetic field is generated around the coil  1320 , the coil  1320  may be moved relative to the first magnets  1220  by virtue of the electromagnetic interaction between the coil  1320  and the first magnets  1220 . The coil  1320  may be composed of a single coil. Alternatively, the coil  1320  may be composed of a plurality of coils, which are spaced apart from each other. The coil  1320  may be conductively connected to an inner portion  1421  of the lower elastic member  1420 , and may be conductively connected via a connector  1423  to the circuit board  1600 , on which a driver IC  1700  is mounted. 
     The coil  1320  may be conductively connected to the circuit board  1600  via the lower elastic member  1420 . The coil  1320  may include a pair of lead wires for the supply of power. Here, the first end (lead wire) of the coil  1320  may be connected to a first lower elastic unit  1420   a . The second end (lead wire) of the coil  1320  may be connected to a second lower elastic unit  1420   b . The first and second lower elastic units  1420   a  and  1420   b  may be connected to the circuit board  1600 , on which the driver IC  1700  is mounted. Accordingly, the driver IC  1700  may be conductively connected to the coil  1320 . The coil  1320  may receive current under the control of the driver IC  1700 . 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the elastic member  1400 . The elastic member  1400  may be coupled both to the bobbin  1310  and to the housing  1210 . The elastic member  1400  may elastically support the bobbin  1310 . At least a portion of the elastic member  1400  may have elasticity. The elastic member  1400  may movably support the bobbin  1310 . The elastic member  1400  may support movement of the bobbin  1310  during an AF operation. Here, the elastic member may be referred to as a ‘support member’. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the upper elastic member  1410 . The upper elastic member  1410  may be coupled both to the upper portion or the upper surface of the bobbin  1310  and to the upper portion or the upper surface of the housing  1210 . The upper elastic member  1410  may be embodied as a leaf spring. The upper elastic member  1410  may be integrally formed. 
     The upper elastic member  1410  may include an inner portion  1411  coupled to the upper portion or the upper surface of the bobbin  1310 , an outer portion  1412  coupled to the upper portion or the upper surface of the housing  1210 , and a connector  1413  connecting the inner portion  1411  to the outer portion  1412 . 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the lower elastic member  1420 . The lower elastic member  1420  may be coupled both to the lower portion or the lower surface of the bobbin  1310  and to the lower portion or the lower surface of the housing  1210 . The lower elastic member  1420  may be embodied as a leaf spring. The lower elastic member  1420  may include a spring. 
     The lower elastic member  1420  may include a plurality of lower elastic units. The lower elastic member  1420  may include two lower elastic units. The lower elastic member  1420  may include first and second lower elastic units  1420   a  and  1420   b , which are spaced apart from each other. The first lower elastic unit  1420   a  may be connected both to the first end of the coil  1320  and to a first terminal  1511  of the circuit board  1600 , and the second lower elastic unit  1420   b  may be connected both to the second end of the coil  1320  and to a second terminal  1612  of the circuit board  1600 . 
     The lower elastic member  1420  may include an inner portion  1421  coupled to the lower portion or the lower surface of the bobbin  1310 , an outer portion  1422  coupled to the lower portion or the lower surface of the housing  1210 , a connector  1423  connecting the inner portion  1421  to the outer portion  1422 , a terminal portion  1424  extending from the outer portion  1422 , and an extending portion  1425  extending from the terminal portion  1424  in a direction opposite the outer portion  1422 . Here, the portion connecting the outer portion  1422  to the terminal portion  1424  may have a width less than the width of the outer portion  1422 . This portion may be referred to as an extending portion. The width of the terminal portion  1424  may be greater than the width of the outer portion  1422 . The width of the extending portion  1425  may be equal to the width of the outer portion  1422 . 
     In this embodiment, the lower elastic member  1420  may include four inner portions  1421 . The lower elastic member  1420  may include an inner connector  1427  connecting two inner portions  1421  to each other. The inner connector  1427  may connect the inner portions  1421  to each other. In order to connect a total of four inner portions  1421 , two inner connectors  1427  may be provided such that each of the inner connectors  1427  connects two inner portions  1421  to each other. In this embodiment, each of the inner connectors  1427  enables the path between the portion of the lower elastic member  1420 , to which the coil  1320  is connected, and the terminal portion  1424  to serve as a parallel resistance, thereby reducing current loss compared to the case in which there is no inner connector. 
     The outer portion  1422  may be coupled to the upper portion or the upper surface of the base  1500 . The outer portion  1422  may be held between the housing  1210  and the base  1500 . The outer portion  1422  may be disposed both on the upper surface of the base  1500  and on the lower surface of the housing  1210 . The outer portion  1422  may be in contact both with the upper surface of the base  1500  and with the lower surface of the housing  1210 . The extending portion  1425  may be disposed both on the upper surface of the base  1500  and on the lower surface of the housing  1210 . The extending portion  1425  may be in contact both with the upper surface of the base  1500  and with the lower surface of the housing  1210 . In this embodiment, since the extending portion  1425  is held between the upper surface of the base  1500  and the lower surface of the housing  1210 , it is possible to inhibit a portion such as the terminal portion  1424  from breaking. The connector  1423  may include a leg spring. 
     The description of the inner portion  1421 , the outer portion  1422 , the connector  1423 , and the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  may be applied to the second inner frames  161 - 1  and  161 - 2 , the second outer frames  162 - 1  and  162 - 2 , the second frame connectors  163 - 1  and  163 - 2 , and the first and second bonding portions  62   a  and  62   b  of the lower elastic member  160  shown in  FIG. 7 , with or without modification. 
     The lower elastic member  1420  may include the terminal portion  1424 . The terminal portion  1424  may project from the outer portion  1422 . The terminal portion  1424  may be connected to the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 . The terminal portion  1424  may be connected to the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  through soldering. In this embodiment, since heat loss through the cover  1100  is minimized even when soldering is performed using hot air, it is possible to inhibit a cold solder phenomenon. The terminal portion  1424  may be disposed between the housing  1210  and the base  1500 . The terminal portion  1424  may be disposed between the lower surface of the housing  1210  and the upper surface of the base  1500 . The terminal portion  1424  may be disposed on the boundary between the housing  1210  and the base  1500 . 
     In this embodiment, the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  may overlap the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Here, the direction perpendicular to the optical axis may be the x-axis direction in an X-Y-Z coordinate system. At least a portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  that is disposed under the terminal portion  1424  may not overlap the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. In the corresponding area (the area overlapping in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis), the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may be disposed higher than the lower end of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 , and may be disposed lower than the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420 . Accordingly, in the corresponding area, the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  110  may be disposed lower than the boundary between the housing  1210  and the base  1500 . In a modification, in the corresponding area, the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may be disposed on a height corresponding to the boundary between the housing  1210  and the base  1500 . In the corresponding area, the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  may be disposed on a height corresponding to the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420 . In this embodiment, a portion of the soldering portion overlaps the groove  1121  in the cover  1100 , thereby minimizing heat loss during a soldering operation. 
     In this embodiment, in the case in which the groove  1121  in the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  is formed so deeply that there is no portion overlapping the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 , it may be difficult to form a seal between the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  and the circuit board  1600 . In this case, because the surface area of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  is reduced, high-frequency noise components may be further worsened. Accordingly, it is preferable that the groove  1121  in the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  overlap a portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  in a horizontal direction. 
     The description of the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420 , the groove  1121  and the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , and the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  may be applied to the first and second bonding portions  62   a  and  62   b  of the lower elastic member  160 , the groove and the side plate of the cover member  300 , and the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190 , with or without modification. 
     The terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  may be disposed on the upper portion of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 . Here, the amount of the solder ball connecting the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  to the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  may be larger above the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  than under the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420 . A first groove  1520  in the base  1500 , which accommodates the solder ball, may have a depth deeper than the depth of the second groove  1211  in the housing  1210 . In a modification, the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  may be disposed on the center of the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600 , or under the terminal  1610 . 
     The housing  140  shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B  may have a groove corresponding to the second groove  1211  in the housing  1210 , and the description of the second groove  1211  in the housing  1210  may be applied to the housing  140  shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , with or without modification. 
     Furthermore, the description of the disposition of the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  and the terminals of the circuit board  160 , of the disposition of the solder ball, and of the depths of the first groove  1520  and the second groove  1211  in the housing  140  may be applied to the soldering between the first and second bonding portions  62   a  and  62   b  and the first and second terminals  91  and  92  of the circuit board  190 , the grooves  22   a  and  22   b  in the base  210 , and the groove in the housing  140  corresponding to the second groove  1211  in the embodiment shown in  FIGS. 1 to 13B , with or without modification. 
     The lower elastic member  1420  may therein have a hole  1426 . The hole  1426  may be formed in the outer portion  1422  of the lower elastic member  1420 . An adhesive may be disposed in the hole  1426 . The adhesive enables the lower elastic member  1420  to be more securely fixed to the base  1500  and the housing  1210  through the hole  1426 . 
     The lower elastic member  160  shown in  FIG. 7  may have a hole corresponding to the hole  1426  in the lower elastic member  1420  shown in  FIG. 23 , and the description of the hole  1426  in the lower elastic member  1420  may be applied to the lower elastic member  160  shown in  FIG. 7 , with or without modification. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the base  1500 . The base  1500  may be disposed under the housing  1210 . The base  1500  may be disposed under the bobbin  1310 . The base  1500  may be coupled to the cover  1100 . The base  1500  may be disposed on the printed circuit board. 
     The base  1500  may include the stepped portion  1510 . The stepped portion  1510  may project from the side surface of the base  1500 . The stepped portion  1510  may support the lower end of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The stepped portion  1510  may be peripherally formed along the side surface of the base  1500 . The stepped portion  1510  may be omitted in a portion of the side surface of the base  1500 . The portion of the side surface may have a fourth groove  1540 . The circuit board  1600  may be disposed in the fourth groove  1540  in the base  1500 . The fourth groove  1540  in the base  1500  may be formed so as to have a depth corresponding to the thickness of the circuit board  1600 . The fourth groove  1540  may be formed so as to have a shape corresponding to the shape of the circuit board  1600 . 
     The base  1500  may have therein the first groove  1520 . The first groove  1520  may be formed at a position on the upper surface of the base  1500  corresponding to the terminal portion  1424 . A solder ball for connecting the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  to the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  may be disposed in the first groove  1520 . 
     The base  1500  may have therein the third groove  1530 . The third groove  1530  may be formed at a position on the side surface of the base  1500  corresponding to the projection  1122  on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The third groove  1530  may receive at least a portion of the projection  1122  on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . A solder ball for connecting the projection  1122  on the cover  1100  to the printed circuit board may be disposed in the third groove  1530 . 
     The base  210  shown in  FIG. 8A  may have a groove corresponding to the third groove  1530  in the base  1500  shown in  FIGS. 18 and 19 , and the description of the third groove  1530  in the base  1500  may be applied to the base  210  shown in  FIG. 8A , with or without modification. 
     The base  1500  may have therein the fourth groove  1540 . The circuit board  1600  may be disposed in the fourth groove  1540 . The fourth groove  1540  may be formed to a depth corresponding to the thickness of the circuit board  1600 . The fourth groove  1540  may be formed so as to have a shape corresponding to the shape of the circuit board  1600 . 
     The base  1500  may include a protrusion  1550 . The protrusion  1550  may be formed on the lower surface of the base  1500 . The protrusion  1550  may be fitted into a groove or hole in the printed circuit board. The protrusion  1550  may have a cylindrical shape. The protrusion  1550  may be disposed in the corresponding groove or hole in the printed circuit board so as to fix the base  1500  to the printed circuit board. 
     The base  210  shown in  FIGS. 9B and 9C  may include a protrusion corresponding to the protrusion  1550  of the base  1500  shown in  FIG. 17 , and the description of the protrusion  1550  of the base  1500  shown in  FIG. 17  may be applied to the base  210  shown in  FIGS. 9B and 9C , with or without modification. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the circuit board  1600 . The circuit board  1600  may include a printed circuit board (PCB). The circuit board  1600  may include a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The circuit board  1600  may be disposed between the side surface of the housing  1210  and the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The circuit board  1600  may be disposed on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The circuit board  1600  may be disposed on the housing  1210 . The circuit board  1600  may be disposed on the base  1500 . The outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may be in contact with the inner surface of the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The inner surface of the circuit board  1600  may be in contact with the side surface of the housing  1210  and/or the side surface of the base  1500 . The driver IC  1700  may be disposed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 . A sealing member may be disposed between the circuit board  1600  and the cover  1100  so as to achieve a seal therebetween. 
     The circuit board  1600  may include the inner surface and the outer surface disposed opposite the inner surface. A portion of the outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may be disposed on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . A portion of the outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may be in contact with the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , and the remaining portion of the outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may be spaced apart from the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , without contacting the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . 
     The outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may include a first region, disposed on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , and a second region, corresponding to the groove  112  in the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . At least a portion of the second region may overlap the terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     The outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may include a first region disposed on the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , a second region, which is disposed under the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  so as to be spaced apart from the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 , and a third region corresponding to a region opposite the terminal  1610 . Here, at least a portion of the third region may overlap the second region. In other words, at least a portion of the third region may be disposed under the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100  so as to be spaced apart from the side plate  1120  of the cover  1100 . The description of the circuit board  1100  may be applied to the circuit board  190  shown in  FIGS. 9B and 9C , with or without modification. 
     The circuit board  1600  may include the terminal  1610 . The terminal  1610  may be formed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 . The terminal  1610  may be connected to the terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  through soldering. The terminal  1610  may include a first terminal  1611  and a second terminal  1612 , which are spaced apart from each other. The terminal  1610  may include two terminals, which are respectively connected to two of eight third terminals  1620  coupled to the terminals of the driver IC  1700 . Furthermore, the two terminals of the terminal  1610  may be respectively connected to two of six fourth terminals  1630  coupled to the printed circuit board. In this embodiment, the terminal  1610  may be connected to all of the third terminals  1620  and the fourth terminals  1630 . 
     The circuit board  1600  may include the third terminal  1620 . The third terminal  1620  may include a pad portion. The third terminal  1620  may be formed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 . The third terminal  1620  may be coupled to the terminals of the driver IC  1600 . The third terminal  1620  may include a plurality of terminals. The third terminal  1620  may include eight terminals. Among the eight terminals, two terminals VDD and GND may be used for power, two other terminals SDA and SCL may be used for communication, two other terminals may be conductively connected to two ends (+ and −) of the coil  1320 , and the remaining two terminals may be used for synchronization of the driver IC  1700  or analog output of the hall sensor. In a modification, the third terminal  1620  of the circuit board  1600  may include six terminals, excluding the two terminals for synchronization of the driver IC  1700  or analog output of the hall sensor. The plurality of terminals of the third terminal  1620  may be a plurality of pads. 
     The third terminal  1620  may include a first of third terminal to an eighth of third terminal  1621  to  1628 . The first of third terminal  1621  may be used for VDD. The second of third terminal  1622  may be used for SDA. The third of third terminal  1623  may be used for SCL. The fourth of third terminal  1624  may be used for GND. The fifth of third terminal  1625  may be used as a (−) output terminal. The sixth of third terminal  1626  may be used as a (+) output terminal. The seventh of third terminal  1627  may be used as a test terminal. The eighth of third terminal  1628  may be used as a port terminal. The fifth of third terminal  1625  and the sixth of third terminal  1626  may be conductively connected to the coil  1320  so as to supply current to the coil  1320 . The seventh of third terminal  1627  and the eighth of third terminal  1628  may be used for synchronization or measurement in a dual module. Here, the SDA and the SCL may be a Data and a Clock for I2C communication. The VDD and the GND may be power for driving the driver IC  1700 . 
     The description of the driver IC  1700 , the third terminal  1620  and the first of third to the eighth of third terminals  1621  to  1628  may be applied to another embodiment of the circuit board  190  and the position sensor  170  shown in  FIG. 13A . 
     The pad portion may include a plurality of pads. A photo solder resist  1900  disposed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600  may include a portion disposed between the plurality of pads. Specifically, the pad portion may not be entirely open, but individual ones among the plurality of pads may be separately open through the photo solder resist  1900 . 
     The circuit board  1600  may include the fourth terminal  1630 . The fourth terminal  1630  may be disposed on the lower end of the outer surface of the circuit board  1600 . The fourth terminal  1630  may include a plurality of terminals. The fourth terminal  1630  may include six terminals. Four terminals among the six terminals may be connected to the third terminal  1620 . The remaining two terminals among the six terminals may be connected to the terminal  1610 . In other words, the remaining two terminal may be directly connected to the coil  1320  via the terminal  1610  and the lower elastic member  1420 . In this embodiment, additional terminals connected to the coil  1320  may be exposed to the outside so as to determine drive characteristics in closed-loop autofocus (CLAF) and open-loop autofocus (OLAF). Among a total of six terminals of the fourth terminal  1630 , two terminals VDD and GND may be used for power, two other terminals SDA and SCL may be used for communication, and the remaining two terminals may be conductively connected to two ends (+ and −) of the coil  1320 . 
     The fourth terminal  1630  may include first of fourth to sixth of fourth terminals  1631  to  1636 . The first of fourth terminal  1631  may be used for VDD. The second of fourth terminal  1632  may be used for SDA. The third of fourth terminal  1633  may be used for SCL. The fourth of fourth terminal  1634  may be used for GND. The fifth of fourth terminal  1635  may be used as a (−) output terminal. The sixth of fourth terminal  1636  may be used as a (+) output terminal. The first of fourth terminal  1631  may be connected to the first of third terminal  1621 , and the second of fourth terminal  1632  may be connected to the second of third terminal  1622 . The third of fourth terminal  1633  may be connected to the third of third terminal  1623 , and the fourth of fourth terminal  1634  may be connected to the fourth of third terminal  1624 . The fifth of fourth terminal  1635  may be connected to the fifth of third terminal  1625 , and the sixth of fourth terminal  1636  may be connected to the sixth of third terminal  1626 . 
     The description of the fourth terminal  1630  of the circuit board may be applied to another embodiment of the outer terminals B 1  to B 6  of the circuit board  190 . 
     The circuit board  1600  may include a fifth terminal  1640 . The fifth terminal  1640  may be connected to the terminal of the capacitor  1750 . The fifth terminal  1640  may be disposed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600  so as to be spaced apart from the terminal  1610  and the third terminal  1620 . 
     Another embodiment of the circuit board  190  shown in  FIG. 8A  may include an additional terminal corresponding to the fifth terminal  1640  of the circuit board  1600 , and the additional terminal may be connected to the capacitor  195 . 
     In this embodiment, the coil  1320  may include a first end connected to the first lower elastic unit  1420   a  and a second end connected to the second lower elastic unit  1420   b . The terminal portion  1424  of the lower elastic member  1420  may include a first terminal formed at the first lower elastic unit  1420   a  and a second terminal formed at the second lower elastic unit  1420   b . The terminal  1610  of the circuit board  1600  may include the first terminal  1611  connected to the first terminal of the first lower elastic unit  1420   a  and the second terminal  1612  connected to the second terminal of the second lower elastic unit  1420   b.    
     The lens moving apparatus may include the driver IC  1700 . The driver IC  1700  may be disposed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 . The driver IC  1700  may be coupled to the inner surface of the circuit board  1600  through soldering. The driver IC  1700  may be coupled to the third terminal  1620  of the circuit board  1600  through surface-mounting technology (SMT). The driver IC  1700  may be a single module in which a Hall sensor and a driver IC are integrally formed. Furthermore, the driver IC  1700  may be described as having a hall element mounted therein. The driver IC  1700  may be provided therein with a hall element, an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory), a temperature sensor and the like. Furthermore, the driver IC  1700  may include the Hall sensor. Alternatively, the Hall sensor may be described as having a driver function. 
     The driver IC  1700  may include a plurality of terminals. The driver IC  1700  may include a total of eight terminals. Among the eight terminals of the driver IC  1700 , two terminals VDD and GND may be used for power, and two other terminals SDA and SCL may be used for communication. Two other terminals may be conductively connected to the two ends (+ and −) of the coil  1320 , and the remaining two terminals may be used for synchronization or analog output of the hall. 
     The driver IC  1700  may include a hall element or a Hall sensor. The hall element or the Hall sensor may serve as a sensor for detecting magnetic force. The Hall sensor may be disposed so as to face the second magnet  1810 . The Hall sensor may detect the magnetic force of the second magnet  1810 . The Hall sensor may detect the position of the second magnet  1810  and the bobbin  1310  at which the second magnet  1810  is disposed. The driver IC  1700  may perform AF feedback control using the position of the bobbin  1310  detected by the Hall sensor. 
     The driver IC  1700  may be conductively connected to the coil  1320 . The driver IC  1700  may apply current to the coil  1320 . The driver IC  1700  may control the direction and the amount of current applied to the coil  1320 . The embodiment may be designed such that the (+) coil terminal and the (−) coil terminal of the driver IC  1700  may be connected to the coil  1320 , and may also be conductively connected to the external printed circuit board. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the capacitor  1750 . The capacitor  1750  may be disposed on the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 . The capacitor  1750  may be provided for normal operation of the driver IC  1700 . The capacitor  1750  may be used to eliminate noise that may be generated by the driver IC  1700 . The capacitor  1750  may be disposed on a corner of the housing  1210 . Specifically, the capacitor  1750  may be disposed on a corner of the housing  1210  that has a thickness sufficient to accommodate the thickness of the capacitor  1750 . 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the second magnet  1810 . The second magnet  1810  may be a ‘sensing magnet’. The second magnet  1810  may be disposed on the bobbin  1310 . The second magnet  1810  may be disposed so as to face the Hall sensor. The second magnet  1810  may be detected by the Hall sensor. The second magnet  1810  may be disposed on the side surface of the bobbin  1310 . The second magnet  1810  may be disposed inside the coil  1320 . The second magnet  1810  may overlap the coil  1320  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the third magnet  1820 . The third magnet  1820  may be a ‘compensation magnet’. The third magnet  1820  may be disposed on the bobbin  1310 . The third magnet  1820  may be disposed so as to establish equilibrium of magnetic force with the second magnet  1810 . The third magnet  1820  may be disposed symmetrically with the second magnet  1810  with respect to the optical axis. The third magnet  1820  may be disposed on a position corresponding to the second magnet  1810  with respect to the optical axis. The third magnet  1820  may have a size and/or a shape corresponding to the second magnet  1810  with respect to the optical axis. The second magnet  1810  may be disposed on one side of the bobbin  1310 , and the third magnet  1820  may be disposed on the opposite side of the bobbin  1310 . The third magnet  1820  may be disposed on the side surface of the bobbin  1310 . The third magnet  1820  may be disposed inside the coil  1320 . The third magnet  1820  may overlap the coil  1320  in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. 
     The lens moving apparatus may include the photo solder resist  1900 . The photo solder resist  1900  may be disposed in the remaining area of the inner surface of the circuit board  1600 , excluding the terminal  1610  and the third terminal  1620 . When a coverlay is applied based on the size of a BGA (Ball Grid Array) in a comparative example, due to the coverlay error of +/−0.15 mm and the bias error of coverlay, the pattern of the central portion is likely to be open and thus to be oxidized. In contrast, since this embodiment decreases the error to 70 μm by application of PSR, there is an advantage in that it is possible to form the pattern of the central portion. Because the open area must be enlarged due to the error during the coverlay formation and thus the open area relative to BGA size is increased, there may be a phenomenon in which the coverlay is displaced or pushed toward one side. However, when PSR is applied, the error is decreased, thereby suppressing the above phenomenon. 
     Because the error is minimized by the photo solder resist  1900  in the embodiment, it is possible for the eight terminals of the third terminal  1620  to be respectively open. This is distinguished from a structure in which the eight terminals of the third terminal  1620  are entirely open. 
     According to the embodiment, the outer surface of the circuit board  1600  may be subjected to PSR (Photo Solder Resist) and coverlay treatments or coverlay and PSR treatments. Here, the coverlay may be made of polyimide tape. The polyimide tape may have a yellow color, and the photo solder resist may have a green color. 
     The circuit board  190  may include a photo solder resist corresponding to the photo solder resist  1900  shown in  FIG. 15 , and the description of the photo solder resist  1900  may be applied to the circuit board  190 , with or without modification. 
     The lens moving apparatus according to the embodiment may be applied to various fields, for example, those of camera modules or optical devices. 
     For example, the lens moving apparatus  100  according to the embodiment may be included in an optical instrument, which is designed to form the image of an object in a space using reflection, refraction, absorption, interference, diffraction or the like, which are characteristics of light, to extend eyesight, to record an image obtained through a lens or to reproduce the image, to perform optical measurement, or to propagate or transmit an image. For example, although the optical instrument according to the embodiment may be a mobile phone, cellular phone, smart phone, portable smart instrument, digital camera, laptop computer, digital broadcasting terminal, PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), PMP (Portable Multimedia Player), navigation device, or the like, the disclosure is not limited thereto. Furthermore, any device capable of taking images or photographs is possible. 
       FIG. 27  is an exploded perspective view illustrating a camera module  200  according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 27 , the camera module  200  may include a lens or a lens module  400 , the lens moving apparatus  100 , an adhesive member  612 , a filter  610 , a circuit board  800 , an image sensor  810 , and a connector  840 . 
     The lens module  400  may include a lens and/or a lens barrel, and may be mounted in the bobbin  110  of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     For example, the lens module  400  may include one or more lenses and a lens barrel configured to accommodate the lenses. However, one component of the lens module is not limited to the lens barrel, and any component may be used, as long as it has a holder structure capable of supporting one or more lenses. The lens module may be coupled to the lens moving apparatus  100  and may be moved therewith. 
     For example, the lens module  400  may be coupled to the lens moving apparatus  100  through threaded engagement. For example, the lens module  400  may be coupled to the lens moving apparatus  100  by means of an adhesive (not shown). The light that has passed through the lens module  400  may be radiated to the image sensor  810  through the filter  610 . 
     The adhesive member  612  may couple or attach the base  210  of the lens moving apparatus  100  to the circuit board  800 . The adhesive member  612  may be, for example, epoxy, thermohardening adhesive, or ultraviolet hardening adhesive. 
     The filter  610  may serve to inhibit light within a specific frequency band that passes through the lens barrel  400  from being introduced into the image sensor  810 . The filter  610  may be, for example, an infrared-light-blocking filter, without being limited thereto. Here, the filter  610  may be oriented parallel to the X-Y plane. 
     Here, the infrared-light-blocking filter may be made of a film material or a glass material. For example, the infrared-light-blocking filter may be manufactured by applying an infrared-light-blocking coating material to a plate-shaped optical filter such as a cover glass for protecting an imaging area. 
     The filter  610  may be disposed below the base  210  of the lens moving apparatus  100 . 
     For example, the base  210  may be provided on the lower surface thereof with a mounting portion on which the filter  610  is mounted. In another embodiment, an additional sensor base, on which the filter  610  is mounted, may be provided. 
     The circuit board  800  may be disposed below the lens moving apparatus  100 , and the image sensor  810  may be mounted on the circuit board  800 . The image sensor  810  may receive an image included in the light introduced through the lens moving apparatus  100 ,  1000 , and may convert the received image into an electrical signal. 
     The image sensor  810  may be positioned such that the optical axis thereof is aligned with the optical axis of the lens module  400 . Accordingly, the image sensor may obtain the light that has passed through the lens module  400 . The image sensor  810  may output the radiated light as an image. The image sensor  810  may be, for example, a CCD (charge coupled device), MOS (metal oxide semi-conductor), CPD or CID. However, the kind of the image sensor is not limited thereto. 
     The filter  610  and the image sensor  810  may be disposed so as to be spaced apart from each other in the state of facing each other in the first direction. 
     The connector  840  may be conductively connected to the circuit board  800 , and may have a port that is intended to be conductively connected to an external device. 
       FIG. 28  is a perspective view illustrating a portable terminal  200 A according to an embodiment.  FIG. 29  is a view illustrating the configuration of the portable terminal  200 A illustrated in  FIG. 27 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 28 and 29 , the portable terminal  200 A (hereinafter referred to as a “terminal”) may include a body  850 , a wireless communication unit  710 , an audio/video (A/V) input unit  720 , a sensing unit  740 , an input/output unit  750 , a memory unit  760 , an interface unit  770 , a controller  780 , and a power supply unit  790 . 
     The body  850  illustrated in  FIG. 28  has a bar shape, without being limited thereto, and may be any of various types, such as, for example, a slide type, a folder type, a swing type, or a swivel type, in which two or more sub-bodies are coupled so as to be movable relative to each other. 
     The body  850  may include a case (e.g. a casing, housing, or cover) defining the external appearance of the terminal. For example, the body  850  may be divided into a front case  851  and a rear case  852 . Various electronic components of the terminal may be accommodated in the space defined between the front case  851  and the rear case  852 . 
     The wireless communication unit  710  may include one or more modules, which enable wireless communication between the terminal  200 A and a wireless communication system or between the terminal  200 A and a network in which the terminal  200 A is located. For example, the wireless communication unit  710  may include a broadcast-receiving module  711 , a mobile communication module  712 , a wireless Internet module  713 , a nearfield communication module  714 , and a location information module  715 . 
     The A/V input unit  720  serves to input audio signals or video signals, and may include, for example, a camera  721  and a microphone  722 . 
     The camera  721  may include the camera module  200  according to the embodiment. 
     The sensing unit  740  may sense the current state of the terminal  200 A, such as, for example, the opening or closing of the terminal  200 A, the location of the terminal  200 A, the presence of a user&#39;s touch, the orientation of the terminal  200 A, or the acceleration/deceleration of the terminal  200 A, and may generate a sensing signal to control the operation of the terminal  200 A. When the terminal  200 A is, for example, a slide-type cellular phone, the sensing unit  740  may sense whether the slide-type cellular phone is opened or closed. Furthermore, the sensing unit  740  may sense the supply of power from the power supply unit  790 , coupling of the interface unit  770  to an external device, and the like. 
     The input/output unit  750  serves to generate, for example, visual, audible, or tactile input or output. The input/output unit  750  may generate input data to control the operation of the terminal  200 A, and may display information processed in the terminal  200 A. 
     The input/output unit  750  may include a keypad unit  730 , a display module  751 , a sound output module  752 , and a touchscreen panel  753 . The keypad unit  730  may generate input data in response to input on a keypad. 
     The display module  751  may include a plurality of pixels, the color of which varies depending on the electrical signals applied thereto. For example, the display module  751  may include at least one among a liquid crystal display, a thin-film transistor liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, a flexible display and a 3D display. 
     The sound output module  752  may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit  710  in, for example, a call-signal reception mode, a call mode, a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, or a broadcast reception mode, or may output audio data stored in the memory unit  760 . 
     The touchscreen panel  753  may convert variation in capacitance, caused by a user&#39;s touch on a specific region of a touchscreen, into electrical input signals. 
     The memory unit  760  may temporarily store programs for the processing and control of the controller  780 , and input/output data (for example, telephone numbers, messages, audio data, stationary images, moving images and the like). For example, the memory unit  760  may store images captured by the camera  721 , for example, pictures or moving images. 
     The interface unit  770  serves as a path through which the lens moving apparatus is connected to an external device connected to the terminal  200 A. The interface unit  770  may receive power or data from the external component, and may transmit the same to respective constituent elements inside the terminal  200 A, or may transmit data inside the terminal  200 A to the external component. For example, the interface unit  770  may include a wired/wireless headset port, an external charger port, a wired/wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connection to a device equipped with an identification module, an audio input/output (I/O) port, a video input/output (I/O) port, an earphone port and the like. 
     The controller  780  may control the general operation of the terminal  200 A. For example, the controller  780  may perform control and processing related to, for example, voice calls, data communication, and video calls. 
     The controller  780  may include a multimedia module  781  for multimedia playback. The multimedia module  781  may be embodied in the controller  780 , or may be embodied separately from the controller  780 . 
     The controller  780  may perform a pattern recognition process capable of recognizing writing input or drawing input carried out on a touch screen as a character and an image, respectively. 
     The power supply unit  790  may supply power required to operate the respective constituent elements upon receiving external power or internal power under the control of the controller  780 . 
     The features, configurations, effects and the like described above in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment, but the invention is not limited only to the embodiments. In addition, the features, configurations, effects and the like exemplified in the respective embodiments may be combined with other embodiments or modified by those skilled in the art. Accordingly, content related to these combinations and modifications should be construed as falling within the scope of the disclosure. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     The embodiments are applicable to a lens moving apparatus and a camera module and to an optical device each including the same, which are capable of allowing a large-diameter lens to be mounted therein without increasing the size thereof, of realizing stable power supply to a position sensor, and of reliably eliminating noise from the output of the position sensor.