Patent Publication Number: US-2022233143-A1

Title: Finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the 371 of International Application No. PCT/CN2019/086619, filed May 13, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present application relates to medical detection devices, and more particularly to a finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers. 
     BACKGROUND 
     A probe of a traditional finger clip type oximetry is mainly composed of an upper shell and a lower shell, a connecting spring, an upper finger pad, a lower finger pad and an optical sensor element. The upper finger pad is arranged on the upper shell, and the lower finger pad is arranged on the lower shell. The upper finger pad and the lower finger pad, for contacting human fingers, are made of flexible materials, thereby improving comfort while the finger contacts. 
     In traditional technology, the finger contact areas where the upper pad contacts the finger and where the lower finger pad contacts the finger are mainly made into an arc surface for contacting with the arc surface of the finger. However, it cannot be adaptive to fingers of different thickness and size since the upper finger pad and the lower finger pad each have only one arc surface, which is easy to cause interference of light leakage and affect the measurement result. If the finger pad has an arc surface with a larger curvature, the arc surface of the finger pad can fit well with the edges of the thick finger to meet the light shielding requirement while measuring a thick finger, but the finger pad cannot fit well with the edges of the thin finger while measuring a thin finger, since the arc surface of the finger pad is large, which will cause light leakage from the edges of the thin finger and affect the result. Alternatively, if the finger pad uniformly has an arc surface with a smaller curvature, the arc surface of the finger pad can fit well with the edges of the thin finger to meet the light shielding requirement while measuring a thin finger, but the thick finger cannot be put in or the edges of the thick finger are mainly exposed on the outside of the arc surface of the finger pad while measuring a thick finger, since the arc surface of the finger pad is small. Therefore, the thick finger cannot be wrapped well and the light leakage is caused, which will also affect the measurement result. 
     Therefore, the traditional technology has yet to be developed. 
     SUMMARY 
     There is provided a finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The technical solution is as below: 
     According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers, comprising:
         a finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers, comprising:   a shell;   an upper finger pad, a lower finger pad, a light emitter, and a receiver provided in the sell, wherein an accommodating cavity is enclosed by a wall surface of the upper finger pad and a wall surface of the lower finger pad for placing a finger to be measured; and   a rotating mechanism for relatively opening or clamping the upper finger pad and the lower finger pad;   wherein one end of the accommodating cavity is provided with an opening, wherein an arc-shaped first contact surface is provided at a contact area where the lower finger pad contacts a pulp of the finger in the accommodating cavity; and an arc-shaped second contact surface is provided at a contact area where the upper finger pad contacts a dorsal of the finger in the accommodating cavity, and   wherein a first concave surface is arranged on a middle area of the arc-shaped first contact surface along a transverse direction of the finger, each of both sides of the first concave surface of the first contact surface is formed with a second concave surface, and a curvature of the first concave surface is greater than a curvature of the second concave surface.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to explain the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative work, other drawings can be obtained based on the structure shown in these drawings. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a finger clip type oximetry device adaptive to thick and thin fingers according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of the structure of  FIG. 1  in an open state. 
         FIG. 3  is a first schematic sectional view of the structure of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 4  is a second schematic sectional view of the structure in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic sectional view of an upper finger pad, a lower finger pad, a light emitter, and a receiver. 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper finger pad in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower finger pad in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic sectional view of the structure of  FIG. 7 . 
         FIG. 9  is an exploded schematic diagram of the structure of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram of a structure of a spring in  FIG. 9 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE SIGNS 
       1 -oximetry device,  10 -shell,  11 -upper shell,  111 -upper cover,  112 -upper bracket,  113 -first outer shell,  12 -lower shell,  121 -lower cover,  122 -lower bracket,  123 -second outer shell,  21 -upper finger pad,  22 -lower finger pad,  211 -end part,  31 -light emitter,  32 -receiver,  40 -rotating mechanism,  41 -mounting post,  42 -spring,  421 -middle part,  422 -first end,  423 -second end,  50 -accommodating cavity,  51 -opening,  61 -first contact surface,  611 -first concave surface,  6111 -first mounting port,  612 -second concave surface,  613 -first arc surface,  614 -second arc surface,  62 -second contact surface,  621 -second mounting port,  622 -third concave surface,  623 -fourth concave surface,  63 -first light-shielding surface,  64 -second light-shielding surface,  65 -third light-shielding surface,  70 -transparent contact layer,  81 -first cavity,  82 -second cavity,  91 -control circuit board,  92 -switch, and  93 -battery. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 to 4 , a finger clip type oximetry device  1  is suitable for thick and thin fingers of the present disclosure, including a shell  10 , an upper finger pad  21 , a lower finger pad  22 , a light emitter  31 , and a receiver  32  arranged in the shell  10 , and a rotating mechanism  40  for relatively opening or clamping the upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22 . A wall surface of the upper finger pad  21  and a wall surface of the lower finger pad  22  enclose an accommodating cavity  50  for placing the finger to be measured. An opening  51  is provided at one end of the accommodating cavity  50 . The upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22  in the embodiment of the present disclosure are made of flexible materials, and their mounting positions in the shell  10  are interchangeable. The light emitted by the light emitter  31  for oximetry passes through the finger and is received by the receiver  32 . The shell  10  may be an integral structure or a structure with an upper shell and a lower shell. The rotating mechanism  40  may be an elastic clamping mechanism or a clamping mechanism capable of opening or clamping. The opening  51  of the accommodating cavity  50  in the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to allow the finger to be measured to be putted into the accommodating cavity  50 . The light emitter  31  and the receiver  32  of the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure are connected to an external measurement system through a cable, so that the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure becomes an oximetry probe. Alternatively, the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure is provided with a measuring main board in the shell, and the light emitter  31  and the receiver  32  are directly connected to the measuring main board in the shell  10 , so that the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure becomes a single oximetry instrument. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , an arc-shaped first contact surface  61  is provided at the contact area where the lower finger pad  22  contacts the pulp of the finger in the accommodating cavity  50 , and an arc-shaped second contact surface  62  is provided at the contact area where the upper finger pad  21  contacts the dorsal of the finger in the accommodating cavity  50 . In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the finger is placed in the accommodating cavity  50 , the arc-shaped first contact surface  61  of the lower finger pad  22  contacts the pulp of the finger, and the arc-shaped second contact surface  62  of the upper finger pad  21  contacts the dorsal of the finger. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7 , the middle area of the arc-shaped first contact surface  61  of the lower finger pad  22  of the present disclosure is also provided with a first concave surface  611  along the transverse direction of the finger. A second concave surface  612  is formed on each of both sides of the first concave surface  611  of the first contact surface  61 . The curvature of the first concave surface  611  is greater than the curvature of the second concave surface  612 . Both the first concave surface  611  and the second concave surface  612  can be adaptive to the shape of the finger surface such as the pulp of the finger or the dorsal of the finger. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, each side of the two sides of the first concave surface  611  may be provided with one or more second concave surfaces  612 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the cross-sections of the first concave surface  611  and the second concave surface  612  are inwardly concave arcs. The arc radius of the first concave surface  611  is smaller than the arc radius of the second concave surface  612 . The first concave surface  611  is more curved than the second concave surface  612 . That is, the arc radius of the first concave surface  611  is smaller to adapt to the thin finger, and the arc radius of the second concave surface  612  is larger to be adaptive to the thick finger. 
     Alternatively, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the first concave surface  611  of the present disclosure and the second concave surfaces  612  on both sides of first concave surface  611  are arc-transitioned to form a wavy arc surface. The arc transition is arranged to make the first concave surface  611  and the second concave surface  612  fit the pulp of the finger better. Since the lower finger pad  22  of the present disclosure is provided with the first concave surface  611  and the second concave surfaces  612  in the contact area of the pulp of the finger. 
     When the finger to be measured is a thin finger, the first concave surface  611  can completely wrap the edges of the pulp of the thin finger, and shield the edges of the pulp of the thin finger, avoiding the interference of light leakage when measuring the thin finger. When the finger to be measured is a thick finger, the first concave surface  611  wraps the middle part of the pulp of the thick finger, and the second concave surfaces  612  wrap the edges of the pulp of the thick finger. The first concave surface  611  and the second concave surfaces  612  are combined to wrap the thick finger, and shield the edges of the thick finger, which also avoids the interference of light leakage when measuring the thick finger. In this way, the finger clip type oximetry device  1  in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be adaptive to the blood oxygen measure of thin finger and the blood oxygen measure of thick fingers, which improves the application range and measurement accuracy of the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure. 
     Further, as shown in  FIG. 6 , a third concave surface  622  is arranged along the transverse direction of the finger at the middle area of the second contact surface  62  of the upper finger pad  21  of the present disclosure. Each of both sides of the third concave surface  622  of the second contact surface  62  is provided with a fourth concave surface  623 . The curvature of the third concave surface  622  is greater than the curvature of the fourth concave surface  623 . In this way, the upper finger pad and the lower finger pad each have two-section concave structure, which can further be adaptive to fingers of different thicknesses for oximetry. As shown in  FIGS. 4 and 8 , further, the first concave surface  611  of the lower finger pad  22  of the present disclosure extends along the direction of the opening  51  of the accommodating cavity  50 , to provide with a first arc surface  613  and a second arc surface  614  sequentially. The first arc surface  613  protrudes upward to gradually reduce the accommodating cavity  50  along the direction of the opening  51 , and the second arc surface  614  is sunken downward to enlarge the opening  51 . 
     The upper finger pad and the lower finger pad of the traditional finger clip type oximetry device mainly let a closed elastic force maintain between the upper finger pad and the lower finger pad through a spring structure, so that a wearing friction force is provided when the finger is put on, so as to prevent the finger from slipping off. However, since the fingertip of a human finger is usually thin and the root is thick, the traditional finger clip type oximetry device has poor slip resistance. In the present disclosure, the lower finger pad  22  extends along the direction of the opening  51  of the accommodating cavity  50  to successively provide with the first arc surface  613  and the second arc surface  614  in an “S” shape . The first arc surface  613  protrudes upward to gradually reduce the accommodating cavity  50  along the direction of the opening  51 , making the accommodating cavity  50  narrow at the position of the second knuckle of the human finger. Combining with the concave and convex shape of the human joints, the “S”-shaped structure can produce a good anti-slip effect, and make the oximetry device comfortable to wear. 
     The opening  51  of the accommodating cavity  50  is enlarged by the second arc surface  614  sunken downward at the opening  51  of the accommodating cavity  50  to facilitate the insertion of the finger. 
     Alternatively, as shown in  FIGS. 5 to 7 , an edge of each of the two second concave surfaces  612  extends upward to form a first light-shielding surface  63  on the lower finger pad  22  respectively, and each of two edges of the second contact surface  62  extends upward to form a second light-shielding surface  64  on the upper finger pad  21  respectively. The first light-shielding surface  63 , the second concave surface  612 , and the first concave surface  611  form the lower finger pad  22  into an M-like structure. The second light-shielding surface  64  and the second contact surface  62  form the upper finger pad  21  into an M-like structure, and the first light-shielding surface  63  is bonded to the second light-shielding surface  64 . The first light-shielding surface  63  is bonded to the second light-shielding surface  64  to prevent the interference of light leakage from both sides of the finger. The M-like structures of the upper finger pad and lower finger pad help the first light-shielding surface  63  to be bonded to the second light-shielding surface  64 . The M-like structures are arranged to make the middle area of the upper finger pad and lower finger pad have enough deformation space after the finger is clamped, so as to fit fingers of different thicknesses. 
     Furthermore, as shown in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , the lower finger pad  22  is provided with a third light-shielding surface  65  extending upward from a side of the first concave surface  611  away from the opening  51 . The third light-shielding surface  65  can prevent interference of light leakage in front of the fingertip, thereby further avoiding interference of light leakage. Alternatively, the third light-shielding surface  65  is adaptive to the shape of the fingertip, so as to facilitate the placement of the fingertip and improve the wearing comfort. 
     Continuing to refer to  FIG. 5 , the first concave surface  611  in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a first mounting port  6111 , and the receiver  32  is arranged in the first mounting port  6111 . The second contact surface  62  is provided with a second mounting port  621  at a position relative to the first mounting port  6111 , and the light emitter  31  is arranged in the second mounting port  621 . The mounting positions of the receiver  32  and the light emitter  31  can be interchanged. 
     Alternatively, the first mounting port  6111  is provided with a concave transparent contact layer  70  adaptive to the shape of the finger surface on the surface of the receiver  32  and the second mounting port  621  is provided with another concave transparent contact layer  70  adaptive to the shape of the finger surface on the surface of the light emitter  31 . The transparent contact layer  70  prevents the finger from directly contacting the light emitter  31  and the receiver  32 . On the one hand, it can protect the light emitter  31  and the receiver  32 . On the other hand, the transparent material is arranged to ensure the normal operation of the light emitter  31  and the receiver  32 . At the same time, the concave shape of the transparent contact layer  70  can be adaptive to the shape of the surface of the finger, so that the finger can contact and fit the transparent contact layer  70  well. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the shell  10  in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes an upper shell  11  and a lower shell  12 . The upper finger pad  21  is fixed to the upper shell  11 , and the lower finger pad  22  is fixed to the lower shell  12 . The rotating mechanism  40  is provided between the upper shell  11  and the lower shell  12 . The upper shell  11  and the lower shell  12  of the present disclosure have a supporting function, and at the same time have the function of shielding the upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22  from external light and preventing the interference of the external light. 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIGS. 3 and 9 , the upper shell  11  includes an upper cover  111 , an upper bracket  112 , and a first outer shell  113  that are connected in sequence, and the lower shell  12  includes a lower cover  121 , a lower bracket  122 , and a second outer shell  123  connected in sequence. The end part  211  of an edge of the M-like structure of the upper finger pad  21  is fixed to the first outer shell  113 , and the end part  211  of an edge of the M-like structure of the lower finger pad  22  is fixed to the second outer shell  123 . The rotating mechanism  40  is provided between the first outer shell  113  and the second outer shell  123 . A first cavity  81  is provided between the side of the upper finger pad  21  facing away from the accommodating cavity  50  and the upper bracket  112 , and a second cavity  82  is provided between the side of the lower finger pad  22  facing away from the accommodating cavity  50  and the lower bracket  122 . The first cavity  81  and the second cavity  82  are arranged to fully be adaptive to the deformation of the upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22  after the finger is put in, and prevent the shell  10  from interfering with the upper finger pad and the lower finger pad and affecting the entering of the finger. The fixing positions of the upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22  to the shell  10  are respectively the end part  211  of the edge of the M-like structure of the upper finger pad  21  and the end  221  of the edge of the M-like structure of the lower finger pad  22 , so that there is an space between the middle part of the M-like structure of the upper finger pad  21  and the housing  10 , and there is another space between the middle part of the M-like structure of the lower finger pad  22  and the housing  10 , to provide deformation spaces as much as possible, thereby making full use of the deformation spaces of the M-like structures of the upper finger pad  21  and the M-like structure of the lower finger pad  22 . 
     As an embodiment, the rotating mechanism  40  of the present disclosure includes a mounting post  41  and a spring  42 . The mounting post  41  is arranged on the first outer shell  113  or the second outer shell  123 . The middle part  421  of the spring  42  is fixed to the mounting post  41 . A first end  422  of the spring  42  abuts against the first outer shell  113 , and a second end  423  of the spring  42  abuts against the second outer shell  123 . As shown in  FIG. 10 , the mounting post  41  of the present disclosure is arranged on the second outer shell  123 , and the spring  42  provides resilience after the first outer shell  113  and the second outer shell  123  are opened. Alternatively, a control circuit board  91  is further provided between the upper bracket  112  and the first housing  113  in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The control circuit board  91  is connected to a switch  92  exposed on the upper cover  111 . The lower bracket  122  is further provided with a battery mounting portion  1221 , and the battery mounting portion  1221  is provided with a battery  93 . The control circuit board  91  has a data processing function, and can independently complete the test without external equipment, directly making the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the present disclosure into a separate oximetry instrument. The switch  92  is opened and closed to control the operation of the circuit board  91 , and the battery  93  enables the finger clip type oximetry device  1  in the embodiment of the present disclosure to work normally without being connected to an external power source. 
     It can be understood that the finger clip type oximetry device  1  of the embodiment of the present disclosure may also have a display screen exposed on the upper cover  111 . The display screen and the control circuit board  91  are in communication connection, so that the display screen is convenient for the user to directly watch the measurement result. 
     In the finger clip type oximetry device  1  adaptive to thick and thin fingers proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first concave surface  611  and the second concave surfaces  612  are provided on the first contact surface  61  with the contact area where one of the upper finger pad  21  and the lower finger pad  22  contact the pulp of the finger. The first concave surface  611  is arranged in the middle area of the first contact surface  61  along the transverse direction of the finger, and the second concave surface  612  is arranged on each of both sides of the first concave surface  611 . The curvature of the first concave surface  611  is greater than the curvature of the second concave surface  612 . The first concave surface  611  and the second concave surface  612  are adaptive to the shape of the finger surface. The finger clip type oximetry device  1  in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be adaptive to the thin finger and the thick finger, avoiding interference of light leakage when measuring fingers of different thicknesses and affecting the measurement results, and improving the scope of application of the product when measuring. 
     It should be noted that the embodiments of the device described above are only illustrative, and the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physically separate. A component displayed as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments. In addition, in the drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present disclosure, The connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without creative work. 
     Described above are only the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Under the inventive concept of the present disclosure, any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present disclosure, or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of patent protection of the present disclosure.