Patent Publication Number: US-11655619-B2

Title: Universal rough-in valve

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to a rough-in valve for a plumbing installation and, more particularly, to a universal rough in valve configured to receive either of a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A universal rough-in valve may include a valve chamber configured to receive a valve manifold, a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber. The universal rough-in valve may include a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber, a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line, and a valve manifold coupled to the valve chamber. The fluid mixing valve may include a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve. The valve manifold may include a first manifold inlet, a second manifold inlet, and a first manifold outlet. The first manifold inlet may be co-axial with the first valve inlet. The second manifold inlet may be co-axial with the second valve inlet. The first manifold outlet may be co-axial with the first valve outlet. 
     The valve manifold may include a groove configured to receive a gasket and the gasket may be configured to form a seal with an internal wall of the valve chamber. The groove may extend around an exterior of the valve manifold. The gasket may include a plurality of rings connected by a strut. The plurality of rings may be configured to encircle the first manifold inlet, the second manifold inlet, and the first manifold outlet. The valve manifold may include a second manifold outlet. The first manifold outlet may be in fluid communication with the second manifold outlet. The valve manifold may include an outlet passageway including the first manifold outlet and the second manifold outlet, the outlet passageway may include a central portion having a smaller cross-sectional diameter than at least one of the first manifold outlet and the second manifold outlet. 
     The valve manifold is positioned at least partially between the fluid mixing valve and the valve chamber. The valve manifold may include a cavity configured to receive the fluid mixing valve, a first transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold inlet, and a second transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the second manifold inlet. The first transition may be transverse to the first manifold inlet. The second transition is transverse to the second manifold inlet. The valve manifold may include a first channel fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold outlet. The first transition may be positioned closer to a center of the valve manifold than the first channel. The fluid mixing valve may include a pressure balance valve. 
     The valve manifold may include a sidewall defining a cavity configured to receive the fluid mixing valve, a first transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold inlet, and a second transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the second manifold inlet. The first transition and the second transition may be at least partially formed within the sidewall. The first transition may be fluidly connected to the cavity at a first entry, the second transition may be fluidly connected to the cavity at a second entry, and the first entry may be positioned below the second entry. The first transition may extend through an exterior of the sidewall such that a portion of the first transition is defined by the sidewall and the valve chamber. The valve manifold may include a first channel fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold outlet. The first channel may be positioned closer to a center of the valve manifold than the first transition. The sidewall may include a plurality of depressions. The valve manifold may include a notch configured to receive a protrusion on the fluid mixing valve to couple the valve manifold to the fluid mixing valve. The valve manifold may be removably positioned in the valve chamber. 
     A universal rough-in valve may include a valve chamber defined by a chamber wall, a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber, and a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber. The universal rough-in valve may include a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line and a valve manifold removably received within the valve chamber. The universal rough-in valve may include a pressure balance valve coupled to the valve manifold, the pressure balance fluidly connected to the first valve inlet, the second valve inlet, and the first valve outlet. Fluid may be configured to flow from the first valve inlet and the second valve inlet through the pressure balance valve and between the pressure balance valve and the chamber wall as the fluid flows to the first valve outlet. 
     A universal rough-in valve may include a valve chamber configured to receive either a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve, a first inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber, the first inlet extending along a first inlet axis, and a second inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber, the second inlet extending along a second inlet axis. The universal rough-in valve may include a first outlet extending along a first outlet axis, the first outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line. The first inlet axis and the second inlet axis may be configured to provide a generally straight pathway for fluid between the first supply line and the second supply line. 
     In a further embodiment, the universal rough-in valve may include a second outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a second outlet line, the second outlet extending along a second outlet axis coplanar with the first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis. 
     In a further embodiment, the universal rough-in valve may include a first service stop moveable between a flow position wherein fluid can flow through the first inlet and a blocking position wherein the flow of fluid through the first inlet is prevented. The service stop may be configured to be rotated between the flow position and the blocking position. The first inlet may include a service stop opening configured to receive the first service stop. The first service stop may include a cap configured to threadingly engage the service stop opening to moveably secure the first service stop to the universal rough-in valve. The cap may include an aperture and the first service stop may include a stem configured to extend into the aperture. The stem and cap may each be rotatable relative to the universal rough-in valve. The stem and cap may be rotatable relative to the universal rough-in valve independently of one another. The cap may be configured to translate along a service stop axis as the cap is rotated. 
     The service stop may be axially fixed when the stem is rotated. The stem may include a rim configured to engage a lower portion of the cap. The service stop may include a boot configured to receive at least a portion of the stem, wherein the boot is configured to occlude the first inlet when the service stop is in the blocking position. An opening may extend through the boot and the stem such that fluid can flow through the boot and the stem when the service stop is in the flow position. The boot may include a plurality of gaskets configured to provide a fluid seal with a sidewall of the service stop opening. One of the plurality of gaskets may be adjacent the rim of the stem such that as the cap is rotated relative to the universal rough-in valve the rim moves the one of the plurality of gaskets into contact with another of the plurality of gaskets. The boot may include a flat bottom configured to abut a bottom surface of the first inlet. The cap may be configured to be rotated by a first tool and the stem may be configured to be rotated by a second tool, wherein the first tool is different from the second tool. The first inlet axis and the second inlet axis may be coaxial. 
     In a further embodiment, the universal rough-in valve may include a plug configured to be coupled to and prevent the flow of fluid through one of the first outlet and the second outlet. The first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis may be parallel. The first inlet axis and the second inlet axis may be co-axial. The first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis may be co-planar. 
     A universal rough-in valve may include a valve chamber configured to receive a fluid mixing valve, a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber, a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber, a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line, and a guide configured to couple the universal rough-in valve to a surface of a wall for a plurality of distances between the universal rough-in valve and the surface of the wall. 
     The universal rough-in valve may include a receiver configured to engage the guide to couple the guide to the universal rough-in valve. The guide may include a face with a plurality of tabs extending from the face, the tabs configured to align the guide within a wall opening. The plurality of tabs may be arranged in a circular pattern. The guide may include a first opening configured to be selectively aligned with the receiver when the universal rough-in valve is to be positioned within a wall having a first thickness. The guide may include a second opening configured to be selectively aligned with the receiver when the universal rough-in valve is to be positioned within a wall having a second thickness. The first thickness may be less than the second thickness. 
     In a further embodiment, the guide may include a sleeve extending from a rear surface of the guide. The sleeve may be configured to engage the receiver, thereby aligning the guide with the universal rough-in valve. The sleeve may include an extension configured to engage an outer surface of the receiver. An end of the sleeve may engage a receiver face and the extension engages a receiver sidewall. The extension may include a semi-circular extension. The extension may include a prong having a shaft configured to be positioned adjacent the receiver sidewall and a shoulder configured to be positioned adjacent a receiver rear face when the guide is coupled to the universal rough-in valve. The prong may include a sloped surface configured to cause the prong to flex outwardly as the receiver contacts the sloped surface. The prong may include a frangible portion such that the guide may be detached from the universal rough-in valve by fracturing the prong. The frangible portion may be configured to be fractured by applying a force to the guide in a direction away from the universal rough-in valve. 
     The guide may include a projection configured to selectively engage the receiver. The projection may extend from the face of the guide further than the sleeve extends from the face of the guide. The guide may be detachably coupled to the universal rough-in valve. The guide may include a sidewall having a plurality of recesses, each of the plurality of recesses configured to receive one of the first valve inlet, the second valve inlet, and the first valve outlet. One of the plurality of recess may have a height that is different than another of the plurality of recesses. 
     In a further embodiment, the universal rough-in valve may include a fastener coupled to the guide, the fastener may be configured to engage a sidewall of a wall opening to secure the guide to the wall. The fastener may include a body and a head, at least one of the body and the head defining a tool engagement feature such that the fastener may be moved relative to the guide by a tool. The head may include a serrated edge. The head may be configured to engage the sidewall of the wall opening at an engagement point and the head may include a cam surface such that rotation of the fastener about a fastener axis changes the distance between the fastener axis and the engagement point. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The following detailed description of embodiments of the rough-in valve will be better understood when read in conjunction with the appended drawings of an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown. 
       In the drawings: 
         FIG.  1    is a top, front, right-side perspective view of a rough-in valve coupled to a pressure balance valve in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  2    is a rear elevation view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  3    is a front, right-side perspective view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  4    is a top, left-side exploded perspective view of the rough-in valve and valve stoppers of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  5    is a bottom, sectional view along a plane define by line C-C of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  6    is an exploded front, top perspective view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  7    is an exploded perspective view of the pressure balance valve of the rough-in valve shown in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  8    is a front perspective view of the pressure balance valve manifold of the rough-in valve shown in  FIG.  7   ; 
         FIG.  9    is a front elevation view of the pressure balance valve manifold of  FIG.  7   ; 
         FIG.  10    is a sectional view along a plane defined by line B-B of the pressure balance valve manifold of  FIG.  9   ; 
         FIG.  11    is a sectional view along a plane defined by line A-A of the pressure balance valve manifold of  FIG.  9   ; 
         FIG.  12    is a sectional view of the pressure balance valve and pressure balance valve manifold taken along a plane defined by line D-D of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  13    is a sectional view of the pressure balance valve taken along a plane defined by line D-D of  FIG.  1    shown installed in a shower wall; 
         FIG.  14    is a front perspective view of a thermostatic valve manifold in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and the rough-in valve shown in  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  15    is a front elevation view of the thermostatic valve manifold of  FIG.  14   ; 
         FIG.  16    is a sectional view of the thermostatic valve manifold of  FIG.  14    taken along a plane defined by line E-E in  FIG.  15   ; 
         FIG.  17    is a sectional view of the thermostatic valve manifold of  FIG.  14    taken along a plane defined by line F-F in  FIG.  15   ; 
         FIG.  18    is a front perspective view of a guide in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  19    is a rear perspective view of the guide of  FIG.  18   ; 
         FIG.  20    is a side view of guide in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  21    is a top perspective view of an eccentric fastener in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  22    is a bottom perspective view of the eccentric fastener of  FIG.  21   ; 
         FIG.  23    is top view of the guide of  FIG.  18    with the eccentric fastener of  FIG.  21    and the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    in a wall opening; 
         FIG.  24    is a sectional view of the guide and rough-in valve of taken along a plane defined by line G-G of  FIG.  23   ; 
         FIG.  25    is a sectional view of the guide and rough-in valve of taken along a plane defined by line H-H of  FIG.  23   ; 
         FIG.  26    is a front elevational view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    coupled to the guide of  FIG.  18   ; 
         FIG.  27    is a rear perspective view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    coupled to the guide of  FIG.  18   ; 
         FIG.  28    is a front elevation view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    and a diverter rough-in valve in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  29    is a front elevation view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    and an existing rough-in valve; 
         FIG.  30    is a perspective view of the rough-in valve of  FIG.  1    coupled to water inlet lines; 
         FIG.  31    is an isolated front elevation, partial sectional view of the boot of  FIG.  4   ; 
         FIG.  32    is a top sectional view of the boot of  FIG.  31    along a plane defined by line M-M; 
         FIG.  33    is a sectional view of the boot of  FIG.  32    along a plane defined by line N-N; 
         FIG.  34    is a perspective view of a pressure balance valve coupled to a rough-in valve with a ring separated from the pressure balance valve; 
         FIG.  35    is a right side elevation view of the pressure balance valve and rough-in valve of  FIG.  34   ; 
         FIG.  36    is a perspective view of the pressure balance valve and rough-in valve of  FIG.  34    with the ring coupled to the pressure balance valve; 
         FIG.  37    is a perspective view of a flush plug; 
         FIG.  38    is a side elevation view of the flush plug of  FIG.  37   ; 
         FIG.  39    is a bottom sectional view of the flush plug of  FIG.  38    along a plane defined by line O-O; and 
         FIG.  40    is a rear elevation view of a rough-in valve in accordance with another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     A rough-in valve is a valve used in plumbing systems to connect one or more fluid inlets to one or more fluid outlets. A rough-in valve may be adapted to selectively restrict or stop the flow of fluid from the one or more inlets. A hole in the wall may allow access to certain components of the rough-in valve during and following installation. A faceplate may be provided to cover the hole in the wall after installation. Due to space and/or aesthetic concerns, in certain installations, it may be desirable to have a universal rough-in valve which allows for a smaller size faceplate. As shown in  FIG.  29   , a rough-in valve  20  according to one or more embodiments of the present invention may have a smaller footprint than existing rough-in valves  21 . It may also be desirable to provide a rough-in valve that is easier to manufacture and repair. It may also be desirable to provide a guide having a variable thickness to couple the rough-in valve to a surface of the wall. It may also be desirable to have a rough-in valve with at least one flat surface adapted to be positioned adjacent a support structure inside of a wall. The rough-in valve may be adapted to receive either of a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve. The rough-in valve may be configured to receive a fluid mixing valve (e.g., a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve) and a manifold coupled to the fluid mixing valve. 
     Referring to the drawings in detail, wherein like reference numerals indicate like elements throughout, there is shown in  FIGS.  1 - 30    embodiments of a rough-in valve in accordance with exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1  and  30   , the rough-in valve  20  may be fluidly connected to one or more of a first water supply line (e.g., hot water), a second water supply line (e.g., cold water), a first water outlet (e.g., a shower head supply line), and a second water outlet (e.g, a tub faucet supply line). The rough-in valve  20  may include a first inlet  22  configured to be connected to the first water supply line  23   b  ( FIG.  30   ). The valve may include a second inlet  24  configured to be connected to the second water supply line  23   a  ( FIG.  30   ). The valve may include one or more outlets  29  fluidly connected to the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  such that fluid may flow through the first inlet  22  or second inlet  24  and out the outlet  29 . The outlet  29  may be connected to an outlet pipe  31  ( FIG.  30   ). 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , the first inlet  22  may include a first inlet axis  26 . The first inlet axis  26  may be an axis of symmetry for at least a portion of the first inlet  22 . The second inlet  24  may include a second inlet axis  28 . The first inlet axis  26  may be parallel to the second inlet axis  28 . In one embodiment, the first inlet axis  26  is co-axial with the second inlet axis  28 . The first inlet  22  may be fluidly connected to a first passageway  30  such that fluid can flow through the first inlet  22  and into the first passageway  30 . The first passageway  30  and second passageway  32  may each be fluidly connected to a valve chamber  34  such that fluid can flow through each of the first passageway  30  and the second passageway  32  and into the valve chamber  34  ( FIG.  3   ). The first passageway  30  may include a cross-sectional area which is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the first inlet  22 . The second passageway  32  may include a cross-sectional area which is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the second inlet  24 . The cross-sectional areas of the first passageway  30  and the second passageway  32  may be substantially the same. The first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  may provide a generally straight pathway for fluid between the first supply line and the second supply line. A generally straight pathway may provide a rough-in valve that costs less to manufacture than a rough-in valve with a non-straight pathway. A generally straight pathway may allow the rough-in valve to be machined rather than cast during manufacture. A generally straight pathway may also result in a rough-in valve having a smaller foot print than a rough-in valve with a non-straight pathway. 
     Still referring to  FIG.  5   , the first passageway  30  may include a first passageway axis  36 . The second passageway  32  may include a second passageway axis  38 . The first passageway axis  36  may be co-axial with the second passageway axis  38 . In some embodiments, the first passageway axis  36  is parallel to, but offset from, the second passageway axis  38 . In one embodiment, the first passageway axis  36  is parallel to, but offset from, the first inlet axis  26 . In another embodiment, the first passageway axis  36  is co-axial with the first inlet axis  26 . In one embodiment, the first inlet  22 , the first passageway  30 , the valve chamber  34 , the second inlet  24 , and the second passageway  32  are aligned to define a continuous fluid flow path through the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the continuous flow path extends along a single axis. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 6  and  29   , the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  may each include an opening  42  configured to receive a service stop  40 . In one embodiment, the distance  25  between the service stops is about 60 mm to about 90 mm. In one embodiment, the distance  27  between the ends of the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  is about 120 mm to about 160 mm. The service stop  40  may be moveable relative to the rough-in valve  20  from a first position wherein fluid can flow through the first passageway  30  or second passageway  32  past the service stop  40 , to a second position wherein the service stop  40  prevents fluid flow through the first passageway  30  or the second passageway  32 , as explained in greater detail below. The opening  42  may include an opening axis  44 . The opening axis  44  may be transverse to at least one of the first passageway axis  36  and the second passageway axis  38 . In one embodiment, the opening axis  44  is perpendicular to at least one of the first passageway axis  36  and the second passageway axis  38 . The openings  42  may be aligned with the first passageway  30  and the second passageway  32  such that the service stops  40  may extend through the openings  42  and into the first passageway  30  and the second passageway  32 . In one embodiment, each opening  42  defines a passageway for receiving the service stop  40  which intersects one of the first passageway  30  and the second passageway  32 . In one embodiment, a height  204  of the rough-in valve  20  is about 90 mm to about 110 mm ( FIG.  5   ). In one embodiment, the height  204  of the rough-in valve  20  is about 105 mm. In one embodiment, the height  204  of the rough-in valve  20  is about 1 inch shorter than existing rough-in valves. In one embodiment, the rough-in valve  20  weighs about 15% to about 25% less than existing rough-in valves. In one embodiment, the rough-in valve  20  weighs about 17% less than existing rough-in valves. In one embodiment, the rough-in valve  20  weighs about 21% less than existing rough-in valves. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 5   , in one embodiment, the service stop  40  is a service stop assembly comprising a stem  46  and a boot  48 . The boot  48  may be adapted to receive at least a portion of the stem  46 . The stem  46  and the boot  48  may each include an opening which defines a service stop passageway  50  when the stem  46  is at least partially within the boot  48 . The service stop passageway  50  may be aligned with the first passageway  30  or the second passageway  32  when the service stop  40  is within the opening  42  in the first inlet  22  or the second inlet  24 . Fluid may flow through the first passageway  30  and the service stop passageway  50  when the service stop  40  is in the first position (e.g., when the service stop passageway  50  is aligned with the first passageway  30 ). In one embodiment, the opening of the stem  46 , the boot  48 , and the first passageway  30  have the same cross-sectional shape. The service stop passageway  50  may be defined by passageway sidewalls. The boot  48  may include sidewalls  52  such that when the service stop  40  and the boot  48  is rotated relative to the rough-in valve  20  from the first position to the second position, the sidewalls  52  obscure the first passageway  30  or second passageway  32  such that the flow of fluid through the first passageway  30  or the second passageway  32  is prevented. The stem  46  and boot  48  may be rotatably fixed to each other such that the boot  48  rotates when the stem  46  is rotated. The boot  48  may be detachably coupled to the stem  46  such that the boot  48  may be replaced, if desired. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  5  and  31 - 33   , the boot  48  may include a bottom  54  which engages a bottom of the first passageway  30  or the second passageway  32 . In one embodiment, the boot  48  has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom  54 . The bottom of the first passageway  30  or second passageway  32  may be flat to enhance the seal between the flat bottom  54  of the boot  48  and the passageway compared to a boot with a non-flat bottom. In one embodiment, the bottom  54  comprises a flexible material such that the bottom flexes to form a seal with the bottom of the passageway to prevent the flow of fluid between the bottom  54  and the bottom of the passageway. In one embodiment, the boot  48  includes a gasket  56  that abuts against a rim  58  of the stem  46 . In another embodiment, the boot  48  includes a plurality of gaskets  56  to prevent the flow of fluid through the opening  42  when the service stop  40  is within the opening  42 . The plurality of gaskets  56  may be axially spaced from each other. The plurality of gaskets  56  may be separated by grooves (e.g., circumferential grooves). 
     In one embodiment, the boot  48  includes one or more ribs  53  extending along at least a portion of the length of the boot  48 . The rib  53  may form a seal against a sidewall of the first passageway  30  or second passageway  32 . The ribs  53  may be positioned about the perimeter of the boot  48  such that a seal with the passageway is formed when the service stop  40  is in each of the first position ( FIG.  5   ) and the second position. In one embodiment, the boot  48  includes a plurality of ribs  53  that engage the sidewall of the first passageway  30  and form a chamber in the space between adjacent ribs  53  on the boot  48  and the sidewall. The ribs  53  may be positioned about the boot  48  such that at least two ribs  53  are in contact with the sidewall regardless of the position on the boot  48 . The ribs  53  may protrude from the sidewall  52  by about 1 mm to about 10 mm. In one embodiment, the ribs  53  and the bottom  54  of the boot each extend from the sidewall  52  by an equal amount ( FIG.  32   ). The boot  48  may include a shoulder  59  ( FIG.  31   ) adapted to engage a bottom of the rim  58  of the stem  46  ( FIG.  5   ). The boot  48  may include an internal gasket  61  ( FIG.  33   ) adapted to engage a recess  63  on the stem  46  ( FIG.  5   ). The internal gasket  61  may extend inwardly from the sidewall  52  into a stem receiving opening  65  ( FIG.  33   ). 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 6   , the service stop  40  may include a cap  60  adapted to at least partially secure the service stop  40  to the rough-in valve  20 . The cap  60  may include an aperture  62  configured to receive the stem  46  such that a lower portion  64  of the cap  60  abuts the rim  58 . A top  66  of the stem  46  may be accessible through the aperture  62  when the cap  60  abuts the rim  58 . An outer portion of the cap  60  may be threaded such that the cap is threadingly engaged with the opening  42 . The cap  60  and the stem  46  may each be rotatable relative to the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the cap  60  is rotatable relative to the rough-in valve  20  independently of the stem  46  such that the stem  46  can be rotated to move the service stop  40  between the first position and the second position without disturbing the threaded engagement between the cap  60  and the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the top  66  of the stem  46  includes an engagement feature such that the stem  46  can be engaged by a tool (e.g., screwdriver or wrench) to move the service stop  40  between the first position and the second position. The top  66  of the stem  46  may extend above a top of the cap  60 . The stem  46  may include more than one engagement feature (e.g., slot for a screwdriver and a hexagonal shape engageable with a wrench). 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6  and  14   , the valve chamber  34  may be configured to receive a pressure balance valve  68  ( FIG.  6   ) or a thermostatic valve  70  ( FIG.  14   ). One pressure balance valve contemplated for use with the system described herein is P/N: GM40HLC-A manufactured by Kaiping Yizhan Valve Corp. Co. One thermostatic cartridge contemplated for use with the system described herein is P/N: 14010240U_Element_TH_01162742 manufactured by Grohe. In one embodiment, the valve chamber  34  is adapted to selectively receive either of a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve. In one embodiment, the valve chamber  34  is configured to receive a manifold coupled to either the pressure balance valve  68  or thermostatic valve  70  such that a single rough-in valve  20  can receive the pressure balance valve or the thermostatic valve. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  6 - 12   , the pressure balance valve  68  may be adapted to receive two separate fluid flows and alter the flow of one fluid based on a change in flow pressure of the other fluid. The rough-in valve  20  may include a valve cap  84  which may be detachably coupled to the rough-in valve  20  (e.g., by threaded engagement). The valve cap  84  may at least partially retain the pressure balance valve  68  or thermostatic valve  70  within the valve chamber  34 . In one embodiment, the valve cap  84  is threadingly coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . The valve cap  84  may include a sidewall  87  defining a central opening such that the pressure balance valve  68  or thermostatic valve  70  is accessible through the valve cap  84  when the valve cap is coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . The rough-in valve  20  may include one or more tabs  82  ( FIG.  6   ) to rotationally fix the pressure balance valve  68 , the thermostatic valve  70 , or a thermostatic valve manifold  110  relative to the rough-in valve  20 . The pressure balance valve  68 , thermostatic valve  70 , or thermostatic valve manifold  110  ( FIG.  14   ) may include one or more recesses  69  adapted to receive the tab  82 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  34 - 36   , in one embodiment, the pressure balance valve  68  is configured to receive a ring  188 . The ring  188  may be adapted to be removably coupled to the pressure balance valve  68 . The pressure balance valve  68  may include a trough  190  adapted to receive the ring  188 . The trough  190  may be a recess in an outer wall of the pressure balance valve  68 . The ring  188  may be a split ring configured to expand when an external force is applied to the ring  188 . The ring  188  may be configured to return toward its original shape when the external force is no longer applied to the ring  188 . The ring  188  may be coupled to the pressure balance valve  68  to assist in removing the pressure balance valve  68  from the rough-in valve  20 . The ring  188  may be placed in the trough  190  when the valve cap  84  is coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . The ring  188  may overlap the valve cap  84  when the ring  188  is coupled to the pressure balance valve  68  such that as the valve cap  84  is de-coupled from the rough-in valve (e.g., by rotating to disengage a threaded connection), the valve cap  84  pushes against the ring  188  which pushes against a sidewall of the trough  190 , thereby de-coupling the pressure balance valve  68  from the rough-in valve  20  ( FIG.  36   ). In one embodiment, the ring  188  is re-usable with other rough-in valves or pressure balance valves. In some embodiments, a user can manually grasp the ring  188  to remove the pressure balance valve  68  from the rough-in valve  20 . In other embodiments, a user can position a tool (not shown but could, for example, a screwdriver or pliers) between the ring  188  and the cap  84  to remove the pressure balance valve  68  from the rough-in valve  20 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  7 - 8   , in one embodiment, the pressure balance valve  68  is coupled to a pressure balance valve manifold  72 . In one embodiment, the pressure balance valve manifold  72  has a height of about 20 mm to about 30 mm. In one embodiment, the pressure balance valve manifold  72  has a diameter of about 35 mm to about 50 mm. The pressure balance valve manifold  72  may include a body  74  with an upper portion  76  adapted to receive at least a portion of the pressure balance valve. The upper portion  76  may include an outer wall  80  defining a receiving area for the pressure balance valve  68 . The outer wall  80  may include notches  78  adapted to receive protrusions  86  ( FIG.  7   ) on the pressure balance valve  68 . The notches  78  and protrusions  86  may allow detachable coupling such that either of the pressure balance valve  68  and the pressure balance valve manifold  72  may be replaced, if desired. The pressure balance valve manifold  72  may comprise a different material than the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the pressure balance valve manifold  72  is manufactured from plastic (e.g., polyamide 1010) and the rough-in valve  20  is manufactured from brass, copper, or bronze. 
     Still referring to  FIGS.  7 - 8   , the pressure balance valve manifold body  74  may include one or more inlets  88 . An inlet  88  may be aligned with the first inlet  22  of the rough-in valve  20  such that fluid can flow through the first inlet  22  and into the pressure balance valve manifold  72 . A check valve  96  may be positioned within the inlets  88 . The pressure balance valve manifold  72  may include a groove  90  adjacent one or more of the inlets  88  and outlets  92 . A gasket  94  may be positioned within the groove  90 . The gasket  94  may include a plurality of rings connected by struts and each of the rings may surround an inlet  88  or outlet  92 . The gasket  94  may help keep the inlet fluid separate from the outlet fluid when the pressure balance valve manifold  72  is within the rough-in valve  20 . The rings may form a seal with a sidewall of the rough-in valve  20  to ensure that fluid flowing through the first inlet  22  and second inlet  24  enters the inlet  88 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  5 ,  7 , and  9 - 12   , the inlets  88  may extend along an axis  98  generally parallel to the first inlet axis  26  and the second inlet axis  28 . In one embodiment, the inlets  88  may be co-axial to the first inlet axis  26  and the second inlet axis  28 . The inlets  88  may include a transition  100  which provide a pathway for fluid between the inlets  88  and the pressure balance valve entries  102 . The pressure balance valve may include an outlet  104  such that the first fluid and second fluid flow through the inlets  88 , into the pressure balance valve  68 , and out the outlet  104  along an outer portion of the pressure balance valve  68 . The pressure balance valve manifold  72  may include one or more channels  106  which fluidly connect the pressure balance valve outlet  104  to the outlets  92 . The outlet  92  may be connected to a pipe or hose connected to a plumbing fixture (e.g., shower head, tub outlet). One end of the outlet  92  may be coupled to a plug (not shown) such that the fluid only flows from the other end of the outlet  92 . In one embodiment, the outlet  92  extends through (e.g., completely through or through a substantial portion of) the pressure balance valve manifold  72 . In one embodiment, the pressure balance valve manifold  72  is symmetrical about one of planes A-A and B-B. In one embodiment, one end of the outlet  92  includes a circular cross-section and the other end of the outlet  92  includes a rectangular cross-section. In one embodiment, the outlet  92  transitions from a first portion having circular cross-section to a second portion having rectangular cross-section having a smaller cross-sectional area than the first portion. The second portion having a smaller cross-sectional area may provide a venturi effect. 
     The pressure balance valve manifold  72  may include a venturi  95  adapted to be positioned within the outlet  92 . The venturi  95  may be removably coupled to the pressure balance valve manifold  72 . The venturi  95  may include a first portion  97  and a second portion  99 . The first portion  97  may have a frustoconical shape. The first portion  97  may transition from a first cross-sectional area to a second cross-sectional area. The first cross-sectional area may be larger than the second cross-sectional area. The second portion  99  may have a rectangular cross section. The second portion  99  may have a smaller cross-sectional area than the outlet  92 . An outer surface of the first portion  97  may be substantially the same size as the outlet  92  such that a fluid seal is formed between the first portion  97  and the wall of the outlet  92 . The venturi  95  may extend from a first side of the outlet  92  to a second side of the outlet  92 . The venturi  95  may extend from the first side of the outlet  92  toward, but not extend to, the second side of the outlet. The venturi  95  may be oriented such that the second portion  99  is closer to a tub supply line than the first portion  97  (e.g. the first portion  97  may be above the second portion  99 ) to ensure that fluid flowing through the rough-in valve  20  flows into the tub supply line and does not flow through a shower supply line. Fluid may flow from the pressure balance valve outlet  104 , through the channel  106 , into the pressure balance valve manifold outlet  92 , around the outside of second portion  99  of the venturi  95 , and out of the outlet  92 . During use, the force created of air pressure on the first portion  97  of the venturi  95  may be greater than the force from the fluid on the second portion  99  which prevents fluid from flowing through the venturi  95  to the shower supply line. The seal between the first portion  97  and the outlet  92  may prevent fluid from flowing around the outside of the venturi  95  and into the shower supply line. A diverter switch (not shown) in the tub supply line may be activated such that fluid flow is prevented through the tub supply line. The diverter may cause fluid to fill a portion of the tub supply line. As fluid continues to flow from the outlet  92 , the fluid may flow from the blocked tub supply line through the venturi  95  from the second portion  99  to the first portion  97  and to the shower supply line. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  12 - 13  and  36   , the pressure balance valve  68  may include a spindle  112  adapted to be coupled to a handle  114 . The handle  114  may allow a user to activate the flow of water through the pressure balance valve  68  and select the flow through the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  (e.g., by rotating the handle). In one embodiment, selecting the flow through the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  alters the temperature of the fluid which flows through the outlet  92 . The spindle  112  may include an opening  121  defined by an inner wall  115 . The spindle  112  may include an outer wall  117  and the outer wall may include grooves or reliefs. A limiter  123  may include a corresponding feature to engage the grooves. The limiter  123  may limit the maximum rotation of the spindle  112 . One or more spokes  119  may extend between the inner wall and the outer wall  117 . At least one of the spokes may have a thickness greater than the thickness of another spoke. 
     In some embodiments, limiting the maximum percentage of hot water that can flow from the rough-in valve may prevent scalding (e.g., at an elementary school). The limiter  123  may include an indicator  125  (e.g., symbols, numbers, or letters) that provides a reference when installing the limiter  123  on the mixing cartridge. The mixing valve may include indicator  127  (e.g., groove or protrusion) and the limiter  123  may include a second indicator  129  (e.g., groove or protrusion). Aligning indicator  125 , indicator  127 , and second indicator  129  with the thickest spoke  119  may allow for a selected percentage of hot water (e.g., 100%) to flow from the rough-in valve  20 . A user (e.g., installer) may offset the indicator  125  from the thickest spoke  119  to reduce the maximum percentage of hot water that can flow through the mixing cartridge (e.g., 90%, 80%, 70%, or 60%) even when the user turns the handle to full hot. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  14 - 17   , a thermostatic valve manifold  110  may be adapted to receive the thermostatic valve  70 . The thermostatic valve  70  may be adapted to regulate the temperature of the fluid which flows out of the outlet  92 . The thermostatic valve manifold  110  and thermostatic valve  70  may be adapted to be received in the valve chamber  34 . The thermostatic valve manifold  110  may include a cavity  120  configured to receive at least a portion of the thermostatic valve  70 . The thermostatic valve manifold  110  may include the outlet  92  and the inlets  88  as previously described. However, the inlets  88  of the thermostatic valve manifold  110  may include a first transition  116  in fluid communication with one inlet and a second transition  118  in fluid communication with a second inlet ( FIG.  16   ). The first transition  116  may include a first entry  122  into the cavity  120 . The second transition  118  may include a second entry  124  into the cavity  120 . The first entry  122  may be below the second entry  124 . The first entry  122  and the second entry  124  may be on opposing sides of the cavity  120 . The first entry  122  and second entry  124  may each be aligned with an opening in the thermostatic valve  70  (not shown) configured to receive a flow of fluid. At least one of the first transition  116  and the second transition  118  may be open to an external portion of the thermostatic valve manifold  110  at one or more locations along the length of the first transition  116  or the second transition  118  such that fluid may flow between the thermostatic valve manifold  110  and a sidewall of the valve chamber  34  as the fluid flows from the inlet  88  to the outlet  92 . 
     Still referring to  FIGS.  14 - 17   , the thermostatic valve manifold  110  may include an outer wall  111  having a plurality of depressions  113 . In one embodiment, the depressions  113  reduce the thickness of the wall of the thermostatic valve manifold  110  thereby reducing the material cost for the thermostatic valve manifold  110  as compared to a thermostatic valve manifold that does not include the depressions. The thermostatic valve manifold  110  may include the outlet  92  and a thermostatic valve manifold passageway  126  which provides fluid communication between the thermostatic valve  70  and the outlet  92  ( FIG.  17   ). The thermostatic valve  70  may include a centrally located outlet (not shown) on the bottom of the thermostatic valve  70  such that fluid flows from the bottom of the thermostatic valve  70 , through the thermostatic valve manifold passageway  126 , and out of the outlet  92 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  2 - 3  and  13   , the rough-in valve  20  may include an anchor  128  adapted to secure the rough-in valve  20  to a substrate (e.g., a 2×4 wall stud or cross brace between wall studs). The anchor  128  may be adapted to receive a fastener (e.g., a nail or screw). The rough-in valve  20  may include a receiver  130  adapted to receive a fastener (e.g., a screw) to couple a faceplate  132  to the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the rough-in valve  20  is positioned inside of a wall and the faceplate  132  ( FIG.  13   ) is positioned on the outside of a wall (e.g., a shower wall). The rough-in valve  20  may include a rear surface  37  adapted to be positioned adjacent a substrate ( FIG.  13   ). In one embodiment, the rear surface  37  includes a flat surface that sits flush against a substrate. In other embodiments, the rear surface  37  includes a protrusion  39  on the rear surface  37  ( FIG.  2   ) and the protrusion sits flush against the substrate. The protrusion  39  may space the inlet (e.g., first inlet  22 ) and/or outlet  29  from the substrate which the rough in valve  20  is coupled to such that a tool (e.g., a crimping tool, a wrench) can engage a connector (e.g., pex connector or nut) after the rough-in valve  20  is coupled to the substrate. The protrusion  39  may protrude from the rear surface  37  by a distance of about 1 millimeter, about 2 millimeters, about 3 millimeters, about 4 millimeters, about 5 millimeters, about 6 millimeters, about 7 millimeters, about 8 millimeters, about 9 millimeters, about 10 millimeters, about 1 millimeter to about 3 millimeters, about 3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters, about 5 millimeters to about 7 millimeters, about 7 millimeters to about 9 millimeters, or about 9 millimeters to about 11 millimeters. The rear surface of the protrusion  39  may be coplanar or flush with the rear surface of the anchors  128   
     In some embodiments, the rear surface  37  may include a depression  41  ( FIG.  40   ). The portion of the rear surface  37  that defines the edge of the depression  41  may be flush with the rear surface of the anchors  128 . The depression  41  may have a depth of about 1 millimeter, about 2 millimeters, about 3 millimeters, about 4 millimeters, about 5 millimeters, about 6 millimeters, about 7 millimeters, about 8 millimeters, about 9 millimeters, about 10 millimeters, about 1 millimeter to about 3 millimeters, about 3 millimeters to about 5 millimeters, about 5 millimeters to about 7 millimeters, about 7 millimeters to about 9 millimeters, or about 9 millimeters to about 11 millimeters. 
     A rear surface of the anchor  128  may be co-planar with the rear surface  37  of the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, a flat rear surface allows a user to temporarily hold the rough-in valve  20  flush against the substrate with one hand while installing a fastener to the anchor  128  to fix the rough-in valve  20  to the substrate. In one embodiment, the rear surface of the anchor  128  is the rear-most surface of the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the anchor  128  being flush against the substrate prevents the rough-in valve  20  from rotating or tipping as a fastener is inserted through the anchor  128  and coupled to the substrate. 
     The rough-in valve  20  may be positioned within walls of different wall thicknesses (e.g., acrylic showers have a thin wall compared to tile shower walls). Referring to  FIGS.  18 - 20  and  23 - 27   , there is shown a guide  134  adapted to occupy the space between rough-in valve  20  and a wall surface such that the rough-in valve  20  is coupled to the wall surface. In one embodiment, a user may selectively adjust the thickness of the guide  134  relative to the wall and the rough-in valve  20  by rotating the guide  134  to align the selected one of the thick wall receiver opening  144  and the thin wall receiver opening  146  with the receiver  130  on the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the thickness of the guide  134  extending between the wall and the rough-in valve  20  may be adjustable during installation to fit the distance between the wall and the rough-in valve  20  such that a portion of the pressure balance valve  68  or thermostatic valve  70  extends an appropriate distance through the opening and away from a user facing surface for the handle  114  to be coupled thereto. The guide  134  may include tabs  136  which, in one embodiment, are arranged in a circular pattern (e.g., a 3.5 inch diameter circle or a 4 inch diameter circle) to assist in aligning the guide  134  within a shower wall opening  135  (e.g., a 3.5 inch hole in the shower wall or a 4 inch hole). The guide  134  may abut a wall (e.g., a rear surface  137  of a wall  139 ) ( FIG.  24   ) such that the rough-in valve  20  is positioned within the wall opening  135  such that a portion of the pressure balance valve  68  or thermostatic valve  70  extends an appropriate distance through the wall opening and away from a user facing wall surface for the handle  114  to be coupled thereto. 
     The guide  134  may include a main opening  140  adapted to receive the valve chamber  34  of the rough-in valve  20 . The guide  134  may include one or more second openings  142  adapted to allow access to the service stops  40  when the guide  134  is coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . The guide  134  may include thick wall receiver openings  144  and thin wall receiver openings  146  each adapted to be aligned with the receiver  130  of the rough-in valve  20  depending on the wall thickness during installation. Each of the thin wall receiver openings  146  and thick wall receiver openings  144  are adapted such that a fastener can be inserted through the selected receiver opening and into the receiver  130  of the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the thick wall receiver openings  144  and/or thin receiver openings  146  are conical to assist in aligning the fasteners with the receiver  130 . The guide  134  may include a sidewall  152  with thin wall recess  155  and thick wall recess  154  ( FIG.  19   ) adapted to receive the first inlet  22 , second inlet  24 , and the outlets  29 . The thin wall recess  155  and thick wall recess  154  may be different heights to accommodate for different wall thicknesses which may affect the distance between the inlets and outlets and the surface of the guide  134 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  19 - 20   , in one embodiment, the thick wall receiver opening  144  includes a sleeve  156  extending from a rear surface  150  of the guide  134  and the thin wall receiver opening  146  includes a thin wall sleeve  157 . In one embodiment, the sleeve  156  extends further from the surface of the guide  134  than the thin wall sleeve  157 . In one embodiment, the sleeve  156  includes an extension  158  (e.g., a semicircular extension) adapted to engage a portion of the receiver  130  (e.g., an outer wall of the receiver  130 ) to assist in aligning the guide  134  with the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the extension  158  includes an arcuate portion having an arc length of about 15 mm to about 20 mm. In one embodiment, the end of the sleeve  156  may include prongs  160 , instead of the extension  158 , adapted to receive the receiver  130  of the rough-in valve  20 . The prongs  160  may include a sloped surface  162  adapted to cause the prong  160  to deflect as the sloped surface  162  engages the receiver  130  ( FIG.  13   ). The prong  160  may include a shoulder  164  that engages a rear surface of the receiver  130  to secure the guide  134  to the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the prongs  160  are frangible. In one embodiment, the guide  134  is intended to be removed from the rough-in valve  20  after installation and the user may break the prongs  160  from the guide  134  by applying a force (e.g., pulling) to the guide  134 . In one embodiment, the guide  134  is intended to remain coupled to the rough-in valve  20  after installation. 
     The guide  134  may include a projection  148  extending from a rear surface  150  of the guide  134 . In one embodiment, the rear end of the projection  148  is position within the opening of the receiver  130  to secure the guide  134  to the rough-in valve  20 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  18  and  21 - 25   , in one embodiment, the thick wall receiver opening  144  is threaded to receive a threaded fastener (e.g., a screw or bolt). In one embodiment, the thick wall receiver opening  144  is adapted to receive an eccentric fastener  166  ( FIGS.  21 - 22   ). In one embodiment, both the thick wall receiver opening  144  and the thin wall receiver opening  146  are threaded (not shown). In one embodiment, neither the thick wall receiver opening  144 , nor the thin wall receiver opening  146 , are threaded. In one embodiment, one of the thick wall receiver opening  144  and the thin wall receiver opening  146  is threaded and the other is not. 
     Still referring to  FIGS.  21 - 25   , the eccentric fastener  166  may include a threaded body  168  to engage the threaded thick wall receiver opening  144 . The eccentric fastener  166  may include a tool engagement feature  170  such that the eccentric fastener  166  can be rotated by a tool (not shown but could be an Allen wrench, screw driver, or socket wrench, for example) when the guide  134  is coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . In one embodiment, the eccentric fastener  166  may be rotated from the front or back of the eccentric fastener  166 . A head  172  of the eccentric fastener  166  may include a serrated outer surface adapted to grip the sides of the wall opening  135  to assist in securing the guide  134  to the wall. The eccentric fasteners  166  may include a cam surface on the head  172  such that the eccentric fasteners  166  may be rotated to exert a radial force on the sides of the wall opening  135  to secure the guide  134  to the wall. In one embodiment, the cam surface includes a major radius  175  and a minor radius  171 . In one embodiment, the major radius has a length of about 7 mm to about 12 mm. In one embodiment, the minor radius  171  has a length of about 5 mm to about 9 mm. 
     The valve chamber  34  of the rough-in valve  20  may receive a cover  173  to prevent debris from entering the valve chamber during installation of the rough-in valve  20 . The cover  173  may also allow the rough-in valve  20  to be pressure tested after installation. In one embodiment (not shown), the guide includes a bellows such that the guide may expand or contract to occupy the space between the rough-in valve  20  and the wall. In other embodiments, the guide may include two pieces (not shown) that are threadingly engaged such that the guide may expand or contract. In other embodiments (not shown), the guide may include multiple pieces nested within each other such that the guide may telescopically expand or contract. In one embodiment, the guide  134  may have a cammed rear surface or a plurality of different length projections from a rear surface such that the distance the front surface of the guide  134  extends from the rough-in valve  20  may be selected by rotating the guide  134  relative to the rough-in valve  20  before coupling the guide  134  with the rough-in valve  20 . Referring to  FIGS.  26 - 27   , the guide  134  may be coupled to the rough-in valve  20 . The eccentric fastener  166  may be positioned in the thick wall receiver opening  144  when the guide  134  is coupled to the rough-in valve  20  via the thin wall receiver opening  146 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  37 - 39   , a flush plug  192  may be configured to be coupled to the rough-in valve  20  during or after installation of the rough-in valve  20 . The flush plug  192  may be configured to be positioned in the valve chamber  34  to prevent debris from entering the valve chamber  34  similar to the cover  173 . The flush plug  192  may extend toward an end of the valve chamber  34  and the flush plug  192  may include a channel  194  ( FIG.  39   ) configured to fluidly connect one of the first inlet  22  and the second inlet  24  to one of the outlets  29  ( FIG.  3   ). The flush plug  192  may be selectively positioned in the valve chamber  34  such that a desired inlet may be coupled to a desired outlet. In one embodiment, fluidly coupling an inlet to an outlet may allow the flow of fluid to remove dirt, solder, or debris from the selected inlet or outlet. In one embodiment, the flush plug  192  includes one or more recesses  69  ( FIG.  39   ) configured to receive the tab  82  ( FIG.  3   ) on the rough-in valve  20  to prevent undesired rotation of the flush plug  192  relative to the rough-in valve  20 . In other embodiments, the recesses are detents that provide tactile feedback to the user that the channel  194  is aligned with an inlet and an outlet but still allows the flush plug  192  to be rotated relative to the rough-in valve  20  while the flush plug  192  is fully (or substantially fully) seated in the valve chamber  34  (e.g., without the need partially or fully decouple the cap  84  from the rough-in valve  20 ). The flush plug  192  may include an indicator  196  that indicates which of the inlets and outlets are connected by the channel  194 . The flush plug  192  may include a handle  198  configured to be engaged by a user to rotate the flush plug  192  relative to the rough-in valve  20 . In some embodiments, the flush plug  192  is configured to couple to one of the pressure balance valve manifold  72  and the thermostatic valve manifold  110 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  28   , another embodiment of a rough-in valve, generally designated  200 , is shown. The rough-in valve  200  is similar to rough-in valve  20 , but rough-in valve  200  includes a single outlet  29 . The outlet  29  of the rough-in valve  200  may be coupled to a diverter rough-in valve  174 . The diverter rough-in valve  174  may be adapted to receive a diverter valve  176  to allow a user to select which outlet the fluid will flow from (e.g., a tub or a shower). The diverter rough-in valve  174  may have a similar external shape to the rough-in valve  20  but the diverter rough-in valve  174  may not include the service stop openings  42 . In another embodiment, the diverter rough-in valve  174  includes the openings  42  and service stops  40  as previously described. 
     In one embodiment, a kit may include the rough-in valve  20  with one of the pressure balance valve  68  and the thermostatic valve  70  pre-installed in the rough-in valve  20  with the corresponding manifold. The kit may include the faceplate  132 , the guide  134 , the ring  188 , the flush plug  192 , or the eccentric fastener  166 . In one embodiment, the rough-in valve  20  is commercially available as a stand-alone unit. In one embodiment, the kit also includes the flush plug  196 . In one embodiment, the flush plug  192  is commercially available as a stand-alone unit. 
     In a first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises: 
     a valve chamber configured to receive a valve manifold; 
     a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line; and 
     a valve manifold removably positioned in the valve chamber and configured to receive a fluid mixing valve. 
     In a second embodiment, the universal rough-in valve of the first embodiment further comprises a fluid mixing valve, wherein the fluid mixing valve comprises a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve. 
     A third embodiment of a universal rough-in valve includes the universal rough-in valve of any of the prior embodiments, wherein the valve manifold includes a first manifold inlet, a second manifold inlet, and a first manifold outlet. 
     In a fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the first manifold inlet is co-axial with the first valve inlet. 
     In a fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the second manifold inlet is co-axial with the second valve inlet. 
     In a sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the first manifold outlet is co-axial with the first valve outlet. 
     In a seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a groove configured to receive a gasket, the gasket configured to form a seal with an internal wall of the valve chamber. 
     In an eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the seventh embodiment, wherein the groove extends around an exterior of the valve manifold. 
     In a ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the seventh embodiment, wherein the gasket comprises a plurality of rings, each of the plurality of rings connected to another of the plurality of rings by a strut. 
     In a tenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the ninth embodiment, wherein the plurality of rings are configured to encircle the first manifold inlet, the second manifold inlet, and the first manifold outlet. 
     In an eleventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a second manifold outlet. 
     In a twelfth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the eleventh embodiment, wherein the first manifold outlet is in fluid communication with the second manifold outlet. 
     In a thirteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the eleventh embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes an outlet passageway comprising the first manifold outlet and the second manifold outlet, the outlet passageway including a central portion having a smaller cross-sectional diameter than at least one of the first manifold outlet and the second manifold outlet. 
     In a fourteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the any of the first through third embodiments, wherein the valve manifold is positioned at least partially between the fluid mixing valve and the valve chamber. 
     In a fifteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a cavity configured to receive the fluid mixing valve, a first transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold inlet, and a second transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the second manifold inlet. 
     In a sixteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifteenth embodiment, wherein the first transition is transverse to the first manifold inlet. 
     In a seventeenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifteenth embodiment, wherein the second transition is transverse to the second manifold inlet. 
     In an eighteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifteenth embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a first channel fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold outlet. 
     In a nineteenth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the eighteenth embodiment, wherein the first transition is positioned closer to a center of the valve manifold than the first channel. 
     In a twentieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the third embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a sidewall defining a cavity configured to receive the fluid mixing valve, a first transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold inlet, and a second transition fluidly connecting the cavity and the second manifold inlet. 
     In a twenty-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the first transition and the second transition are at least partially formed within the sidewall. 
     In a twenty-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the first transition is fluidly connected to the cavity at a first entry, the second transition is fluidly connected to the cavity at a second entry, and the first entry is positioned below the second entry. 
     In a twenty-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the first transition extends through an exterior of the sidewall such that a portion of the first transition is defined by the sidewall and the valve chamber. 
     In a twenty-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a first channel fluidly connecting the cavity and the first manifold outlet. 
     In a twenty-fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-fourth embodiment, wherein the first channel is positioned closer to a center of the valve manifold than the first transition. 
     In a twenty-sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the sidewall includes a plurality of depressions. 
     In a twenty-seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twentieth embodiment, wherein the valve manifold includes a notch configured to receive a protrusion on the fluid mixing valve to couple the valve manifold to the fluid mixing valve. 
     In a twenty-eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises: 
     a valve chamber defined by a chamber wall; 
     a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line; 
     a valve manifold removably received within the valve chamber; 
     a pressure balance valve coupled to the valve manifold, the pressure balance fluidly connected to the first valve inlet, the second valve inlet, and the first valve outlet, 
     wherein fluid is configured to flow from the first valve inlet and the second valve inlet through the pressure balance valve and between the pressure balance valve and the chamber wall as the fluid flows to the first valve outlet. 
     In a twenty-ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises: 
     a valve chamber configured to receive either a pressure balance valve or a thermostatic valve; 
     a first inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber, the first inlet extending along a first inlet axis; 
     a second inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber, the second inlet extending along a second inlet axis; 
     a first outlet extending along a first outlet axis, the first outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line, 
     wherein the first inlet axis and the second inlet axis are configured to provide a generally straight pathway for fluid between the first supply line and the second supply line. 
     In a thirtieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, and further comprises a second outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a second outlet line, the second outlet extending along a second outlet axis coplanar with the first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis. 
     In a thirty-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, and further comprises a first service stop moveable between a flow position wherein fluid can flow through the first inlet and a blocking position wherein the flow of fluid through the first inlet is prevented. 
     In a thirty-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-first embodiment, wherein the service stop is configured to be rotated between the flow position and the blocking position. 
     In a thirty-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-second embodiment, wherein the first inlet includes a service stop opening configured to receive the first service stop. 
     In a thirty-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-third embodiment, wherein the first service stop includes a cap configured to threadingly engage the service stop opening to moveably secure the first service stop to the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a thirty-fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fourth embodiment, wherein the cap includes an aperture, and 
     wherein the first service stop includes a stem configured to extend into the aperture. 
     In a thirty-sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fifth embodiment, wherein the stem and cap are each rotatable relative to the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a thirty-seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-sixth embodiment, wherein the stem and cap are rotatable relative to the universal rough-in valve independently of one another. 
     In a thirty-eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fifth embodiment, wherein the cap is configured to translate along a service stop axis as the cap is rotated. 
     In a thirty-ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-eighth embodiment, wherein the service stop is axially fixed when the stem is rotated. 
     In a fortieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fifth embodiment, wherein the stem includes a rim configured to engage a lower portion of the cap. 
     In a forty-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fifth embodiment, wherein the service stop includes a boot configured to receive at least a portion of the stem, wherein the boot is configured to occlude the first inlet when the service stop is in the blocking position. 
     In a forty-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the forty-first embodiment, wherein an opening extends through the boot and the stem such that fluid can flow through the boot and the stem when the service stop is in the flow position. 
     In a forty-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the forty-first embodiment, wherein the boot includes a plurality of gaskets configured to provide a fluid seal with a sidewall of the service stop opening. 
     In a forty-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the forty-third embodiment, wherein one of the plurality of gaskets is adjacent the rim of the stem such that as the cap is rotated relative to the universal rough-in valve the rim moves the one of the plurality of gaskets into contact with another of the plurality of gaskets. 
     In a forty-fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the forty-first embodiment, wherein the boot includes a flat bottom configured to abut a bottom surface of the first inlet. 
     In a forty-sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the thirty-fifth embodiment, wherein the cap is configured to be rotated by a first tool and the stem is configured to be rotated by a second tool, wherein the first tool is different from the second tool. 
     In a forty-seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, wherein the first inlet axis and the second inlet axis are coaxial. 
     In a forty-eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment and further comprises a plug configured to be coupled to and prevent the flow of fluid through one of the first outlet and the second outlet. 
     In a forty-ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, wherein the first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis are parallel. 
     In a fiftieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, wherein the first inlet axis and the second inlet axis are co-axial. 
     In a fifty-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the twenty-ninth embodiment, wherein the first inlet axis, the second inlet axis, and the first outlet axis are co-planar. 
     In a fifty-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises: 
     a valve chamber configured to receive a fluid mixing valve; 
     a first valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a first supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a second valve inlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from a second supply line to the valve chamber; 
     a first valve outlet configured to provide a pathway for fluid from the valve chamber to a first outlet line; and 
     a guide configured to couple the universal rough-in valve to a surface of a wall for a plurality of distances between the universal rough-in valve and the surface of the wall. 
     In a fifty-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, wherein the universal rough-in valve includes a receiver configured to engage the guide to couple the guide to the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a fifty-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, wherein the guide includes a face with a plurality of tabs extending from the face, the tabs configured to align the guide within a wall opening. 
     In a fifty-fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, wherein the plurality of tabs are arranged in a circular pattern. 
     In a fifty-sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-third embodiment, wherein the guide includes a first opening configured to be selectively aligned with the receiver when the universal rough-in valve is to be positioned within a wall having a first thickness, wherein the guide includes a second opening configured to be selectively aligned with the receiver when the universal rough-in valve is to be positioned within a wall having a second thickness, and wherein the first thickness is less than the second thickness. 
     In a fifty-seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-sixth embodiment, wherein the guide includes a sleeve extending from a rear surface of the guide. 
     In a fifty-eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-seventh embodiment, wherein the sleeve is configured to engage the receiver, thereby aligning the guide with the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a fifty-ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-seventh embodiment, wherein the sleeve includes an extension configured to engage an outer surface of the receiver. 
     In a sixtieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-ninth embodiment, wherein an end of the sleeve engages a receiver face and the extension engages a receiver sidewall. 
     In a sixty-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-ninth embodiment, wherein the extension comprises a semi-circular extension. 
     In a sixty-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixtieth embodiment, wherein the extension comprises a prong having a shaft configured to be positioned adjacent the receiver sidewall and a shoulder configured to be positioned adjacent a receiver rear face when the guide is coupled to the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a sixty-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-second embodiment, wherein the prong includes a sloped surface configured to cause the prong to flex outwardly as the receiver contacts the sloped surface. 
     In a sixty-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-second embodiment, wherein the prong includes a frangible portion such that the guide may be detached from the universal rough-in valve by fracturing the prong. 
     In a sixty-fifth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-fourth embodiment, wherein the frangible portion is configured to be fractured by applying a force to the guide in a direction away from the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a sixty-sixth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-fifth embodiment, wherein the guide includes a projection configured to selectively engage the receiver. 
     In a sixty-seventh embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-sixth embodiment, wherein the projection extends from the face of the guide further than the sleeve extends from the face of the guide. 
     In a sixty-eighth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, wherein the guide is detachably coupled to the universal rough-in valve. 
     In a sixty-ninth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, wherein the guide includes a sidewall having a plurality of recesses, each of the plurality of recesses configured to receive one of the first valve inlet, the second valve inlet, and the first valve outlet. 
     In a seventieth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the sixty-ninth embodiment, wherein one of the plurality of recess has a height that is different than another of the plurality of recesses. 
     In a seventy-first embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the fifty-second embodiment, and further comprises a fastener coupled to the guide, the fastener configured to engage a sidewall of a wall opening to secure the guide to the wall. 
     In a seventy-second embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the seventy-first embodiment, wherein the fastener includes a body and a head, at least one of the body and the head defining a tool engagement feature such that the fastener may be moved relative to the guide by a tool. 
     In a seventy-third embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the seventy-second embodiment, wherein the head includes a serrated edge. 
     In a seventy-fourth embodiment, a universal rough-in valve comprises the rough-in valve of the seventy-second embodiment, wherein the head is configured to engage the sidewall of the wall opening at an engagement point and the head includes a cam surface such that rotation of the fastener about a fastener axis changes the distance between the fastener axis and the engagement point. 
     It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the exemplary embodiments shown and described above without departing from the broad inventive concepts thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the claims. For example, specific features of the exemplary embodiments may or may not be part of the claimed invention and various features of the disclosed embodiments may be combined. Unless specifically set forth herein, the terms “a”, “an” and “the” are not limited to one element but instead should be read as meaning “at least one”. 
     It is to be understood that at least some of the figures and descriptions of the invention have been simplified to focus on elements that are relevant for a clear understanding of the invention, while eliminating, for purposes of clarity, other elements that those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate may also comprise a portion of the invention. However, because such elements are well known in the art, and because they do not necessarily facilitate a better understanding of the invention, a description of such elements is not provided herein. 
     Further, to the extent that the methods of the present invention do not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the particular order of the steps should not be construed as limitation on the claims. Any claims directed to the methods of the present invention should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the steps may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the present invention.