Patent Publication Number: US-2023146359-A1

Title: Method for monitoring a container treatment installation

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) of German Patent Application No. DE 10 2021 129 056.2 filed Nov. 9, 2021 entitled METHOD FOR MONITORING A CONTAINER TREATMENT INSTALLATION, and whose entire disclosure is incorporated by reference herein. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The invention relates to a method for monitoring a container treatment installation which has a filling apparatus and a closure apparatus. 
     TECHNICAL BACKGROUND 
     Methods and filling apparatuses for filling oxygen-sensitive liquid, such as, for example, beer, in bottles or cans are known per se. For example, oxygen-sensitive products can be filled in a filling process in which the containers are successively evacuated, purged, evacuated, pretensioned, filled and have the pressure reduced. Additional evacuation operations are optionally also possible. 
     EP 2 629 093 A1 discloses a method and an apparatus for determining the CO2 content in a liquid which is intended to be checked, in particular in a drink. 
     DE 102 13 076 A1 discloses a method for determining the contained quantities of gases dissolved in a liquid, preferably in a drink, wherein after complete filling of a measurement chamber, which is provided at least with a pressure measurement sensor, with the liquid whose gas content is intended to be checked (“test liquid”) and after fluid-tight closure of the measurement chamber, the volume thereof—starting from a standard volume—is increased by a predetermined factor and the equilibrium pressure which has been produced afterwards in the measurement chamber is established and—based on the pressure measurement value obtained in this manner—the gas content of the fluid to be checked is calculated. 
     A benefit of the invention is to provide an improved monitoring method by means of which it can be established how successful the filling of oxygen-sensitive products has actually been in order where applicable to identify potential for optimisation or sources of error. 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Benefits are achieved by the features of the independent claim  1 . Advantageous developments are set out in the dependent claims and the description. 
     One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a method for monitoring a container treatment installation which has a filling apparatus (for example, a filling carousel) for filling containers, preferably cans, and a closure apparatus (for example, closure carousel) for closing containers, preferably cans. The closure apparatus is arranged downstream of the filling apparatus (with respect to the container) (for example, connected by means of a transport apparatus between the filling apparatus and the closure apparatus). The method involves filling a container with a (for example, liquid or pasty) filling material using the filling apparatus. The method further involves measuring a concentration of a gas in the filling material of the filled container using a measuring device, wherein the filled container is removed in order to measure the concentration upstream of the closure apparatus or the concentration is measured upstream of the closure apparatus. 
     Advantageously, the method enables the low-oxygen filling by the filling apparatus to be able to be monitored in a selective manner. The method is particularly suitable for containers which are in the form of cans but can also be used with all other types of containers. Additional disruptive factors or “sources of concern” for the containers, such as the closure apparatus which can move and handle the containers at enormous speed and can consequently also shake them so that, for example carbon dioxide escapes from the filling material in the container or oxygen is absorbed by the filling material in the container, consequently cannot falsify the measurement result. If, for example, the measurement takes place only after the closure apparatus, the influence of the closure apparatus would significantly influence the concentration of the gas in the filling material of the container so that ultimately hardly any reliable statement relating to the quality of the filling by the filling apparatus could be made. Causes for problems during filling can consequently be more quickly identified and overcome using the method according to the present disclosure. As a result of the selective analysis of the filling apparatus, for example, assembly operations lasting months in order to optimise the filling apparatus can be saved if, for example, the closure apparatus is actually responsible for an excessively high concentration of oxygen or an excessively low concentration of carbon dioxide in the filling material in the containers. Consequently, the potential for a discussion relating to the quality of the filling apparatus between the manufacturer and client of the filling apparatus can also be reduced. 
     In one embodiment, the gas is carbon dioxide or oxygen. 
     Preferably, the expression “concentration of a gas in the filling material” may relate to an indication which indicates a mass (for example, in g) or a volume (for example, in l or cm3) of the gas per mass (for example, in g) or volume (for example, in l) of the liquid or pasty filling material. In the context of the present disclosure, this term is also intended to be understood to refer to a gas content of the gas in the filling material. 
     In another embodiment, the filled container is manually removed in order to establish the concentration upstream of the closure apparatus (for example, without shaking the filled container). 
     In another embodiment, the method involves covering, preferably manually covering, the filled container with a lid, preferably in a substantially gas-tight manner, prior to measuring the concentration of the gas. As a result of the lid, the container can be safely transported to the measuring device, even if the container has not yet even been closed as a result of the removal of the container upstream of the closure apparatus. A change of the atmosphere in the upper space of the filled container can also be prevented, which has an influence on the gas exchange between the upper space and filling material in the container. 
     In another embodiment, the filled container is covered with the lid in the stationary state without the concentration of the gas in the filling material being significantly changed and/or without shaking the filled container. Advantageously, additional disruptive factors or sources of concern which can influence the gas concentration in the container can consequently be excluded. 
     In one embodiment, the filled container is covered with the lid directly downstream of the filling apparatus and/or upstream of the closure apparatus. Consequently, the container can advantageously be covered with the lid where applicable before or directly during the removal. 
     In another embodiment, the lid is identical to those lids with which the closure apparatus closes the containers, preferably bottles. Alternatively, the lid may, for example, be an adapter lid which preferably differs from those lids with which the closure apparatus closes the containers, preferably cans. Advantageously, the technique can consequently be used both with bottles, for example, PET bottles or glass bottles, which use, for example, a screw closure, and with cans with a corresponding adapter lid. 
     In another embodiment, the adapter lid has a, preferably penetrable, opening through which the filling material is conveyed to the measuring device and/or to which the measuring device is or can be connected. 
     In one variant, the adapter lid has a seal, preferably an O-ring, for sealing with respect to the filled container (for example, with respect to an outer cover or inner cover of the container), preferably on a circumferential collar portion of the adapter lid. 
     In another variant, the measurement of the concentration of the gas involves perforating the lid with a perforation apparatus and/or introducing a line portion, to which the measuring device is or can be connected, into the filling material in the filled container. 
     It is possible for the line portion to be a portion of the perforation apparatus, for example, the portion by means of which the lid is perforated (for example, in the region of the opening of the lid). 
     In another variant, the measurement of the concentration of the gas involves pressing out and/or drawing out the filling material from the filled container in the direction towards the measuring device. 
     In one embodiment, a conveying gas, preferably carbon dioxide or nitrogen, is introduced into the filled container, preferably into an upper space of the filled container, so that the filling material is pressed out of the filled container in the direction towards the measuring device. Advantageously, it is made possible to convey the filling material to the measuring device in a simple manner without the filling material becoming contaminated by oxygen in the conveying gas. 
     In one embodiment, a purge gas, for example, carbon dioxide or nitrogen, is introduced into a line between the filled container and the measuring device in order to purge the line before the filling material is directed through the line to the measuring device. Advantageously, therefore, it is possible to prevent the filling material from becoming contaminated by oxygen in the line on the way to the measuring device, whereby the measurement result could be falsified. 
     In another embodiment, the method further involves adapting an operation and/or a configuration (for example, construction, assembly and/or control) of the filling apparatus depending on the measured concentration. Advantageously, therefore, based on the measured concentration, which has not been influenced by disruptive factors located downstream of the filling apparatus, it is possible to identify in a very selective manner whether the operation or the configuration of the filling apparatus should be adapted (for example, optimised) in order to obtain the desired concentration of the gas in the filling material in the container directly downstream of the filling apparatus in an operationally reliable manner. 
     In another embodiment, the method further involves measuring another concentration of the gas in the filling material before the filling material is poured into the container and/or in a filling material supply line to the filling apparatus, wherein the filling material in order to measure the additional concentration of the gas is preferably drawn from a delivery valve of the filling material supply line. Optionally, the method may further involve establishing a concentration change of the gas via the filling apparatus depending on the measured concentration and the measured additional concentration. Advantageously, therefore, a change of the concentration of the gas which is actually brought about by the handling in the filling apparatus can be derived in order where applicable to identify potential for optimisation in the filling apparatus or to identify that the filling apparatus has already been adjusted as desired or in an optimum manner. 
     In another embodiment, the adaptation of the operation and/or the configuration (for example, construction, assembly and/or control) of the filling apparatus is further carried out in accordance with the measured additional concentration. Preferably, the adaptation can be carried out (for example, only) under the condition that the concentration change of the gas via the filling apparatus is greater than or less than a predetermined limit value. 
     Preferably, a container treatment installation may be configured to produce, clean, coat, check, fill, close, label, print and/or package containers for liquid media, preferably drinks or liquid foods. 
     For example, the containers may be in the form of bottles, cans, canisters, cartons, flasks, etcetera. 
     The above-described preferred embodiments and features of the invention can be freely combined with each other. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
       Further details and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to the appended drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    shows a schematic view of a container treatment installation; 
         FIG.  2    shows a schematic structure for measuring a concentration of a gas in a filling material of a container, wherein the container and an adapter lid are illustrated in section; and 
         FIG.  3    shows a bar chart for indicating concentrations of carbon dioxide in the filling medium as measured by way of example at different positions of a container treatment installation. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG.  1    shows a container treatment installation  10 . The container treatment installation  10  has a filling apparatus  12  for filling containers and a closure apparatus  14  for closing containers. The closure apparatus  14  is arranged downstream of the filling apparatus  12  (with respect to the containers). 
     In a particularly preferred manner, the container treatment installation is constructed for handling cans, such as drinks cans (for example, 0.33 l or 0.5 l cans). Accordingly, the filling apparatus  12  is preferably configured for filling cans and the closure apparatus  14  is preferably configured for closing cans. 
     However, it is in principle also possible to apply the techniques of the present disclosure to container treatment installations which can handle a different type of container. Such containers may, for example, be in the form of bottles, canisters, cartons, flasks, etcetera. 
     The filling apparatus  12  is preferably in the form of a filling carousel. The closure apparatus  14  is preferably in the form of a closure carousel. However, other construction types for the filling apparatus  12  and/or the closure apparatus  14  are also conceivable, for example, an embodiment as a linear filler or as a linear closure member. 
     The filling apparatus  12  can fill the containers with a filling material, for example, a drink or a food. The filling material is preferably a liquid or pasty medium. In a particularly preferred manner, the filling material is oxygen-sensitive, such as, for example, beer. 
     The filling apparatus  12  may have a plurality of filling valves for simultaneously filling a plurality of containers. For example, the filling valves may be arranged around a circumference of the filling apparatus  12  which is in the form of a filling carousel. 
     The filling apparatus  12  may have a product or filling material supply line  16 . Via the filling material supply line  16 , the filling material can be supplied to the filling apparatus  12  (and consequently to the filling valves of the filling apparatus  12 ). It is possible for the filling material supply line  16  to have, for example, a delivery valve  18 , for example, a product tap. At the delivery valve  18 , the filling material can be drawn, for example, for checks, for example, manually or automatically. 
     The filling apparatus  12  may have a container supply line  20 . Via the container supply line  20 , containers can be supplied to the filling apparatus  12  for filling. The container supply line  20  may, for example, have one or more container conveyors. The container conveyor(s) may, for example, have at least one transport star-like member (for example, filling apparatus inlet star-like member) and/or linear conveyor. 
     A transport apparatus  22  of the container treatment installation  10  may be arranged downstream of the filling apparatus  12 . The transport apparatus  22  can connect the filling apparatus  12  and the closure apparatus  14  to each other. The transport apparatus  22  can be configured to transport containers from the filling apparatus  12  to the closure apparatus  14 . The transport apparatus  22  may have one or more container conveyors. The container conveyor(s) may, for example, have at least one transport star-like member (for example, filling apparatus outlet star-like member and/or closure apparatus inlet star-like member) and/or linear conveyor. 
     The closure apparatus  14  may close the containers. Preferably, the closure apparatus  14  can close the containers which are in the form of cans with a can lid. The can lid can be securely connected to the container, for example, by means of mechanical shaping of the can lid and/or the container. The can lid itself may in turn have a closure which can be opened, as known, for example, with drinks cans. 
     However, it is also possible for the closure apparatus  14  to be configured to close another type of container, that is to say, not cans. Accordingly, the closure apparatus  14  may close the containers, for example, with a lid, a cork, a crown cap or a screw closure. The closure apparatus  14  may have a plurality of closure stations for simultaneously closing a plurality of containers. For example, the closure stations may be arranged around a circumference of the closure apparatus  14  which is in the form of a closure carousel. 
     The containers which are closed by the closure apparatus  14  can leave the closure apparatus  14  via a container outlet  24 . The container outlet  24  may transport the closed containers, for example, to at least one additional handling apparatus of the container treatment installation. The container outlet  24  may have one or more container conveyors. The container conveyor(s) may, for example, have at least one transport star-like member (for example, filling apparatus outlet star-like member and/or closure apparatus inlet star-like member) and/or linear conveyor. 
     It is possible for the container treatment installation  10  in addition to the filling apparatus  12  and the closure apparatus  14  to have additional handling apparatuses for handing containers (not illustrated). For example, the container treatment installation  10  may additionally have a handling apparatus for producing, checking, coating, cleaning labelling, printing and/or packing containers. 
       FIG.  2    shows an exemplary measurement structure  26  for measuring a concentration of a gas in the filling medium of a container  28 . 
     The measurement structure  26  has the container  28 , an adapter lid  30  and a measuring device  32 . The container  28  is preferably in the form of an incomplete can in which the conventional can closure is missing, as illustrated. 
     The adapter lid  30  is preferably constructed to close the container  28  which is in the form of an incomplete can and in which the conventional can closure/lid is missing. In place of a conventional closure/lid, the container  28  can consequently be closed by means of the adapter lid  30 . 
     Preferably, the adapter lid  30  has an opening  34 . For example, the opening  34  may be arranged centrally in the adapter lid  30 . The opening  34  may preferably connect an upper side of the adapter lid  30  to a lower side of the adapter lid  30 . The opening  34  may be in the form of a through-hole through the adapter lid  30 . 
     It is possible for the opening  34  to be a part or a portion of a securing connection for the preferably gas-tight, releasable connection of the measuring device  32 . The securing connection may, for example, have a securing portion, such as, for example, a thread, a bayonet closure, a plug element, a plug element receiving member, a locking element or a locking element receiving member for connecting the measuring device  32 . 
     The adapter lid  30  may preferably be configured in a disc-like manner and may have a circumferential collar portion or flange  36 . In order to close the container  28 , the collar portion  36  may completely circumferentially engage around or surround an outer cover of the container  28 . A seal  38 , such as, for example, an O-ring may further be arranged on the collar portion  36 . The seal  38  may seal between the adapter lid  30  or the collar portion  36  thereof and the container  28  or the outer cover thereof in a gas-tight manner. 
     A connection between the adapter lid  30  and the container  28  may be releasable. Preferably, the adapter lid  30  may be pushed or placed onto the unclosed container  28 . 
     The measuring device  32  may be releasably connected to the adapter lid  30  (or another lid) in order to measure a concentration of a gas, preferably carbon dioxide (CO2) or oxygen. The measuring device  32  may be connected to the adapter lid  30  and consequently to the container  28  by means of a line  40 . 
     The measuring device  32  may use any known technique in order to measure a concentration of the gas. The measuring device  32  may additionally output the measured concentration, for example, via an indicator unit or in the form of a corresponding electrical (for example, analogue or digital) signal which indicates the measured concentration. 
     The measuring device  32  may be connected to the adapter lid  30  (or another lid), preferably to the opening  34  thereof, by means of a seal  44 . For example, the seal  44  may be in the form of a truncated wedge or truncated cone for inserting into the opening  34 . 
     Preferably, a line portion  42  which is connected to the measuring device  32  protrudes through the opening  34  directly into the filling medium in the container  28 . Via this line portion  42 , at least a portion of the filling medium in the container  28  can be directed to the measuring device  32 . In this portion of the filling medium from the container  28 , the measuring device  32  can measure the concentration of the gas. 
     It is possible for the measurement structure  26  to further have a perforation apparatus  46  and/or a gas source  48 . 
     The perforation apparatus  46  may be constructed to perforate the adapter lid  30  (or another lid) in the region of the where applicable closed opening  34  or to be guided through the opening  34  in order to be introduced with the line portion  42  in the filling medium in the container  28 . 
     The gas source  48  may be connected to a line system which connects the measuring device  32  and the opening  34  of the adapter lid  30  to each other. The gas source  48  may, for example, provide nitrogen or carbon dioxide. By means of the gas source  48 , gas can be directed into the line system. The gas may, for example, be used as purge gas in order to purge the line system. Alternatively or additionally, the gas can be used as conveying gas for pressing out the filling medium in the container  28  through the line portion  42  in the direction towards the measuring device  32 . To this end, the gas may, for example, be supplied to an upper space of the container  28 . 
     Even if the particularly preferred embodiment is described herein with the container  28  which is in the form of a can and the adapter lid  30 , it should be noted that in embodiments in which the containers  28  are, for example, not cans (for example, glass or PET bottles), in place of the adapter lid  30  another lid can be used to close the container  28  for connecting the measuring device  32 . The lid may preferably be of the same type as the one used by the closure apparatus  14  to close the containers  28 , for example, a screw closure. 
     A method for monitoring a container treatment installation is described below. The method is described by way of example with reference to  FIGS.  1  to  3   . 
     The method involves filling a container  28  with a filling material by means of the filling apparatus  12 . For example, the container may be filled with the filling medium by the filling apparatus  12  as one of several containers  28 . During filling, the container  28  may be positioned below a filling valve of the filling apparatus  12 . During filling, the container  28  may be pressed onto the filling valve, or there may be a gap between the container  28  and the filling valve. The filling apparatus  12  may receive the filling medium via the filling material supply line  16 . The filling apparatus  12  may receive the container  28  which is intended to be filled via the container supply line  20 . 
     It is possible for the container  28 , prior to being filled with the filling medium, to be evacuated at least once, purged at least once with a production gas (for example, inert gas, such as carbon dioxide) and/or pretensioned with a production gas (for example, inert gas, such as carbon dioxide). The evacuation, purging and/or pretensioning can be carried out by means of the filling apparatus  12 . 
     The method further involves measuring a concentration of a gas in the filling medium of the filled container  28  by means of the measuring device  32 . To this end, the filling material can be directed out of the container  28  to the measuring device  32 . 
     The container  28  which is filled with the filling medium by means of the filling apparatus  12  is removed in order to measure the concentration upstream of the closure apparatus  14 , for example, directly downstream of the filling apparatus  10  and/or a position on the transport apparatus  22 . During removal, the transport apparatus  22  for transporting containers  28  may be moving or stationary. 
     Alternatively, the concentration of the gas in the filling medium of the filled container  28  is measured upstream of the closure apparatus  14  without the filled container  28  being removed from a position on the transport apparatus  22  to this end. In this instance, the concentration of the gas in the filling medium may be measured, for example, directly at the transport apparatus  22 . 
     The removal of the filled container  28  can preferably be carried out manually/by hand. However, it is also possible for the filled container  28  to be directed, for example, automatically out of a container flow and consequently removed. 
     The method may further involve covering, preferably manually covering, the filled container  28  with a (for example, adapter) lid  30  prior to measuring the concentration of the gas. The lid  30  may preferably cover the container  28  in a gas-tight manner. The lid  30  may, for example, be configured in the same manner as the adapter lid  30  (see  FIG.  2   ), particularly when the container  28  is a can. 
     The covering with the lid  30  is preferably carried out when the container  28  is stationary, for example, when the container  28  is retained or supported by the transport apparatus  22  and the transport apparatus  22  is stationary. Preferably, the filled container  28  can be covered with the lid  30  directly downstream of the filling apparatus  12 . 
     However, the container may, for example, also be removed from the transport apparatus  22 , placed elsewhere and then covered with the lid  30 . Alternatively, the lid  30  may also be covered with the lid  30  during a movement of the container  28 , wherein there is preferably brought about no shaking of the container  28  and consequently no significant change of the concentration of the gas in the filling material in the container  28 . 
     The measurement or establishment of the concentration of the gas by means of the measuring device  32  may involve connecting the measuring device  32  to the lid  30 , for example, the opening  34  of the lid  30 . In this instance, for example, the perforation apparatus  46  can be used in order to perforate the lid  30 . The line portion  42  may be introduced in the filling material in the container  28  and direct the filling material to the measuring device  32 . 
     It is possible for the filling material to be drawn from the container  28  to the measuring device  32 , for example, with a pump (not illustrated). Alternatively or additionally, the filling material can be pressed out of the container  28  by supplying a (for example, conveying) gas into the upper space of the container  28  from the container  28  via the line portion  42  in the direction towards the measuring device  32 . The gas can be directed from the gas source  48  to the container  28 . It is also possible for the gas from the gas source  48  to purge the line between the container  28  and the measuring device  32 . 
     The method may further involve adapting an operation and/or a configuration of the filling apparatus  12  in accordance with the measured concentration. 
     For example, an oxygen concentration which is above a predetermined limit value can be measured. The operation and/or the configuration of the filling apparatus  12  can be adapted in order to reduce the oxygen concentration in the filling material in containers  28  which are subsequently filled. 
     On the other hand, for example, it is possible to measure a carbon dioxide concentration which is below a predetermined limit value. The operation and/or the configuration of the filling apparatus  12  can be adapted in order to increase the carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material in containers  28  which are subsequently filled. 
     The method may further involve measuring an (additional) concentration of the gas in the filling material and the adaptation of the operation and/or the configuration of the filling apparatus  12  may further be dependent on the measured additional concentration. 
     This (additional) concentration of the gas can be measured in the filling material before the filling material is poured from the filling apparatus  12  into the containers  28 . For example, filling material can be drawn at the delivery valve  18  in the filling material supply line  16  and examined for the (additional) concentration, for example, using the measuring device  32 . 
     From the measured concentration of the filling material in the container  28  and the measured (additional) concentration of the filling material prior to filling, a concentration change of the gas in the filling material can be derived or established by means of the filling apparatus  12 . The concentration may have increased, decreased or remained substantially the same. 
     If, for example, an increase of the oxygen concentration which exceeds a predetermined limit value has been established via the filling apparatus  12 , the operation and/or the configuration of the filling apparatus  12  can be adapted in order to obtain a low oxygen concentration in the filling material in the containers  28  in containers  28  which are subsequently filled. 
     If, for example, a decrease of the carbon dioxide concentration which exceeds a predetermined limit value has been established via the filling apparatus  12 , the operation and/or the configuration of the filling apparatus  12  can be adapted in order to obtain a higher carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material in the containers  28  in containers  28  which are subsequently filled. 
     The method consequently enables a very precise examination of the extent to which the filling apparatus  12  is responsible for an increase or decrease of the gas in order to be able to react in a correspondingly selective manner. Therefore, the method is advantageous over other methods, as described below with reference to  FIG.  3   . 
       FIG.  3    shows a bar chart having four bars  50 ,  52 ,  54 ,  56 , which indicate the actually measured carbon dioxide concentrations in a container treatment installation for containers  28  which are in the form of cans. 
     The bar  50  indicates a carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material which has been measured at the delivery valve  18 . The bar  52  indicates a carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material of filled, closed containers  28  which was measured downstream of the closure apparatus  14 . The bar  54  indicates a carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material of filled containers  28  which was measured after the filled container  28  was powerfully agitated. As a result of the agitation, the carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material in the filled container  28  is substantially reduced. The bar  56  indicates a carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material of filled containers  28  which was measured according to the present monitoring method upstream of the closure apparatus  14 , for example, after corresponding removal of the container  28 . 
     When bars  50  and  52  are compared, a decrease of the carbon dioxide concentration is apparent. When the bars  50  and  56  are compared, in contrast, an increase of the carbon dioxide concentration is evident. The can which has been removed after the closure apparatus  14  for measurement has approximately 0.1 g/l CO2 less in the filling material than the can which has been removed between the filling apparatus  12  and the closure apparatus  14  for measurement (see bars  52  vs.  56 ). 
     That is to say, only the comparison of the bars  50  and  56  can provide reliable information relating to how the concentration of carbon dioxide via the filling apparatus  12  has changed or what carbon dioxide content there is in the filling material in the container  28  directly after filling. If only the bars  50  and  52  were taken into consideration, there would potentially be incorrect estimates or incorrect diagnoses. It would not be taken into account that, as a result of the movements and disturbances of the containers  28  in the closure apparatus  14 , the containers  28  are shaken and consequently a carbon dioxide concentration in the filling material in the containers  28  can decrease. The quality of the (low-oxygen) filling of the filling apparatus  12  would consequently be underestimated. Only by taking into account the column  56  can a conclusion be selectively drawn relating to the actual absorption or discharge of CO2 during the filling. This, as explained, can be measured in the cans by means of the measurement structure  26  which is described with reference to  FIG.  2    using the adapter lid  30  for the container which is in the form of a can before the container  28  has been closed by the closure apparatus  14 . 
       FIG.  3    relates by way of example to the measurement of carbon dioxide concentrations. However, the technique can, for example, also be used for the measurement of oxygen concentrations. 
     The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. Instead, a large number of variants and modifications which also make use of the notion of the invention and are therefore included within the protective scope are possible. In particular, the invention also claims protection for the subject-matter and the features of the dependent claims regardless of the claims referred to. In particular, the individual features of the independent claim  1  are in each case disclosed independently of each other. In addition, the features of the subordinate claims are disclosed independently of all the features of the independent claim  1  and are, for example, disclosed independently of the features of the independent claim  1 . 
     LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       10  Container treatment installation 
       12  Filling apparatus 
       14  Closure apparatus 
       16  Filling material supply line 
       18  Delivery valve 
       20  Container supply line 
       22  Transport apparatus 
       24  Container outlet 
       26  Measurement structure 
       28  Container 
       30  Adapter lid 
       32  Measuring device 
       34  Opening 
       36  Collar portion 
       38  Seal 
       40  Line 
       42  Line portion 
       44  Seal 
       46  Perforation apparatus 
       48  Gas source 
       50 - 56  Bars to indicate the carbon dioxide concentration