Patent Publication Number: US-2018041669-A1

Title: Wireless Audio/Video Recording and Communication Doorbells with Integrated Image Sensor/Button

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 15/148,981, filed on May 6, 2016, which claims priority to provisional application Ser. No. 62/158,035, filed on May 7, 2015. The entire contents of the priority applications are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present embodiments relate to wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbells. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Home safety is a concern for many homeowners and renters. Those seeking to protect or monitor their homes often wish to have video and audio communications with visitors, for example, those visiting an external door or entryway. Audio/Video (A/V) doorbell systems provide this functionality, and can also aid in crime detection and prevention. For example, audio and/or video captured by an A/V doorbell unit can be uploaded to the cloud and recorded on a remote server. Subsequent review of the A/V footage can aid law enforcement in capturing perpetrators of home burglaries and other crimes. Further, the presence of an A/V doorbell unit at the entrance to a home acts as a powerful deterrent against would-be burglars. 
     SUMMARY 
     The various embodiments of the present wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbells with integrated image sensor/button have several features, no single one of which is solely responsible for their desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of the present embodiments as expressed by the claims that follow, their more prominent features now will be discussed briefly. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled “Detailed Description,” one will understand how the features of the present embodiments provide the advantages described herein. 
     One aspect of the present embodiments includes the realization that it may be advantageous to locate an image sensor or camera of a wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbell behind, and/or integrate the image sensor or camera into, the doorbell button (e.g. the button used to actuate the doorbell&#39;s audible tone). Locating the image sensor or camera behind the button, and/or integrating the image sensor or camera into the button, may conserve space within the doorbell, thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell to be reduced, which in turn may give the doorbell a more streamlined and visually pleasing appearance. In some embodiments in which the image sensor or the camera is integrated into the doorbell button, the image sensor or the camera may comprise the doorbell button, e.g. the image sensor or the camera may be configured such that the visitor presses the image sensor or the camera in order to actuate the doorbell&#39;s audible tone. 
     In a first aspect, an audio/video recording and communication doorbell is provided, the doorbell comprising a housing, a button for actuating the doorbell, the button being located at a front of the housing and being configured to move between a first, static position and a second, depressed position, and an image sensor located behind the button or integrated with the button, wherein the button comprises an optically transparent or translucent material such that ambient light may pass through the button to impinge upon the image sensor. 
     In an embodiment of the first aspect, the housing includes an aperture that exposes the button. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the button protrudes from the housing through the aperture. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, actuating the doorbell comprises sounding an audible tone and/or initiating recording of audio and/or video and/or transmitting audio and/or video. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the image sensor is located concentrically with the button. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the image sensor comprises a video recording sensor or a camera chip. 
     Another embodiment of the first aspect further comprises infrared (IR) light-emitting components configured to enable the image sensor to clearly capture images under conditions of low ambient light. 
     In another embodiment of the first aspect, the IR light-emitting components are located behind or within the button. 
     In a second aspect, an audio/video recording and communication doorbell is provided, the doorbell comprising a housing, and a camera located at a front of the housing and being configured to move between a first, static position and a second, depressed position in order to actuate the doorbell. 
     In an embodiment of the second aspect, the housing includes an aperture that exposes the camera. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the camera protrudes from the housing through the aperture. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, actuating the doorbell comprises sounding an audible tone and/or initiating recording of audio and/or video and/or transmitting audio and/or video. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the camera comprises an image sensor. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the image sensor comprises a video recording sensor or a camera chip. 
     Another embodiment of the second aspect further comprises infrared light-emitting components configured to enable the camera to clearly capture images under conditions of low ambient light. 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the camera comprises a camera printed circuit board (PCB). 
     In another embodiment of the second aspect, the camera PCB is configured to move with the camera between the first, static position and the second, depressed position. 
     Another embodiment of the second aspect further comprises tracking bosses, wherein the camera PCB includes through-holes that receive the tracking bosses to maintain alignment of the camera PCB as the camera PCB moves with the camera between the first, static position and the second, depressed position. 
     In a third aspect, an audio/video recording and communication doorbell is provided, comprising: a housing; and a camera located at a front of the housing and capable of capturing video images, wherein the camera is configured to move between a first, static position and a second, depressed position to actuate the doorbell. 
     In an embodiment of the third aspect, the camera is further configured to stream video images captured within a field of view of the camera to a client device when the doorbell is actuated. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the client device comprises a smartphone that wirelessly communicates with the doorbell. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the housing comprises an aperture that exposes the camera. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the camera protrudes from the housing through the aperture. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, wherein actuating the doorbell comprises at least one of sounding an audible tone, initiating recording of audio and/or video, and transmitting the audio and/or the video to the client device. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the audio/video recording and communication doorbell further comprises infrared light-emitting components configured to enable the camera to clearly capture images in low ambient light. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the camera comprises a camera printed circuit board (PCB). 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the camera PCB is configured to move between the first, static position and the second, depressed position. 
     In another embodiment of the third aspect, the audio/video recording and communication doorbell further comprises tracking bosses, wherein the camera PCB comprises through-holes that receive the tracking bosses to maintain alignment of the camera PCB as the camera PCB moves between the first, static position and the second, depressed position. 
     In a fourth aspect, an audio/video recording and communication doorbell is provided comprising: a button configured to actuate the doorbell; at least one motion sensor configured to detect motion in an area about the doorbell; and a camera located directly behind the button, the camera being configured to capture images within a field of view of the camera when the button is activated. 
     In an embodiment of the fourth aspect, the button comprises an optically transparent material configured for ambient light to pass through the button and reach the camera behind the button. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the camera is aligned concentrically with the button. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, wherein actuating the doorbell comprises at least one of sounding an audible tone, initiating recording of audio and/or video, and transmitting the audio and/or the video to a client device. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the at least one motion sensor comprises a passive infrared (PIR) sensor. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the camera is further configured to capture images within the field of view of the camera when the at least one motion sensor detects the motion. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the button is activated when the button moves from a first, static position to a second, depressed position. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the doorbell is further configured to stream the captured images to a remote client device. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the audio/video recording and communication doorbell further comprises infrared (IR) light-emitting components configured to enable the camera to clearly capture images in low ambient light. 
     In another embodiment of the fourth aspect, the IR light-emitting components are located within the button. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The various embodiments of the present wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbells with integrated image sensor/button now will be discussed in detail with an emphasis on highlighting the advantageous features. These embodiments depict the novel and non-obvious wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbells with integrated image sensor/button shown in the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only. These drawings include the following figures, in which like numerals indicate like parts: 
         FIG. 1  is a functional block diagram illustrating a system for streaming and storing audio/video (A/V) content captured by a wireless A/V recording and communication device according to the present embodiments; 
         FIG. 2  is a front view of a wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a rear view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a left side view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2  attached to a mounting bracket according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is cross-sectional right side view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 6  is an exploded view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell and the mounting bracket of  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a rear view of the mounting bracket of  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  are top and bottom views, respectively, of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell and the mounting bracket of  FIG. 4 ; 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  are top and front views, respectively, of a passive infrared sensor holder of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are top and front views, respectively, of a passive infrared sensor holder assembly of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 11  is a top view of the passive infrared sensor assembly of  FIG. 10A  and a field of view thereof according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 12  a functional block diagram of the components of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating a process for a wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14  is a flowchart illustrating another process for a wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 15  is a flowchart illustrating another process for a wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16  is a front view of another embodiment of a wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell according to an aspect of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 17  is a front perspective view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIGS. 18 and 19  are cross-sectional right side views of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 16 , taken along the section line A-A in  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIGS. 20 and 21  are cross-sectional right side views of another embodiment of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 16 , taken along the section line A-A in  FIG. 16 ; 
         FIG. 22  is a functional block diagram of a client device on which the present embodiments may be implemented according to various aspects of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 23  is a functional block diagram of a general-purpose computing system on which the present embodiments may be implemented according to various aspects of present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following detailed description describes the present embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numbers label elements of the present embodiments. These reference numbers are reproduced below in connection with the discussion of the corresponding drawing features. 
     The embodiments of the present wireless audio/video recording and communication doorbells with integrated image sensor/button are described below with reference to the figures. These figures, and their written descriptions, indicate that certain components of the apparatus are formed integrally, and certain other components are formed as separate pieces. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that components shown and described herein as being formed integrally may in alternative embodiments be formed as separate pieces. Those of ordinary skill in the art will further appreciate that components shown and described herein as being formed as separate pieces may in alternative embodiments be formed integrally. Further, as used herein the term integral describes a single unitary piece. 
     With reference to  FIG. 1 , the present embodiments include an audio/video (A/V) recording and communication doorbell. The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  is typically located near the entrance to a structure (not shown), such as a dwelling, a business, a storage facility, etc. The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  includes a camera  102 , a microphone  104 , and a speaker  106 . The camera  102  may comprise, for example, a high definition (HD) video camera, such as one capable of capturing video images at an image display resolution of 1080p or better. While not shown, the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may also include other hardware and/or components, such as a housing, one or more motion sensors (and/or other types of sensors), a button, etc. The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may further include similar componentry and/or functionality as the wireless communication doorbells described in US Patent Application Publication Nos. 2015/0022620 (application Ser. No. 14/499,828) and 2015/0022618 (application Ser. No. 14/334,922), both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties as if fully set forth. 
     With further reference to  FIG. 1 , the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  communicates with a user&#39;s home wireless network  110 , which may be for example a Wi-Fi network compatible with the IEEE 802.11 standard and/or other wireless communication standard(s). The user&#39;s wireless network  110  is connected to another network  112 , which may comprise, for example, the Internet and/or a public switched telephone network (PSTN). As described below, the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may communicate with the user&#39;s client device  114  via the home wireless network  110  and the network  112 . The user&#39;s client device  114  may comprise, for example, a mobile telephone (may also be referred to as a cellular telephone), such as a smartphone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), or another communication device. The user&#39;s client device  114  comprises a display (not shown) and related components capable of displaying streaming and/or recorded video images. The user&#39;s client device  114  may also comprise a speaker and related components capable of broadcasting streaming and/or recorded audio, and may also comprise a microphone. The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may also communicate with one or more remote storage device(s)  116  (may be referred to interchangeably as “cloud storage device(s)”) and/or one or more servers  118  via the home wireless network  110  and the network  112 . While  FIG. 1  illustrates the storage device  116  and the server  118  as components separate from the network  112 , it is to be understood that the storage device  116  and/or the server  118  may be considered to be components of the network  112 . 
     The network  112  may be any wireless network or any wired network, or a combination thereof, configured to operatively couple the above mentioned modules, devices, and systems as shown in  FIG. 1 . For example, the network  112  may include one or more of the following: a PSTN (public switched telephone network), the Internet, a local intranet, a PAN (Personal Area Network), a LAN (Local Area Network), a WAN (Wide Area Network), a MAN (Metropolitan Area Network), a virtual private network (VPN), a storage area network (SAN), a frame relay connection, an Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) connection, a synchronous optical network (SONET) connection, a digital T1, T3, E1 or E3 line, a Digital Data Service (DDS) connection, a DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) connection, an Ethernet connection, an ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) line, a dial-up port such as a V.90, V.34, or V.34bis analog modem connection, a cable modem, an ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) connection, or an FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) or CDDI (Copper Distributed Data Interface) connection. Furthermore, communications may also include links to any of a variety of wireless networks, including WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access), and/or OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) cellular phone networks, GPS, CDPD (cellular digital packet data), RIM (Research in Motion, Limited) duplex paging network, Bluetooth radio, or an IEEE 802.11-based radio frequency network. The network can further include or interface with any one or more of the following: RS-232 serial connection, IEEE-1394 (Firewire) connection, Fibre Channel connection, IrDA (infrared) port, SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface) connection, USB (Universal Serial Bus) connection, or other wired or wireless, digital or analog, interface or connection, mesh or Digi® networking. 
     According to one or more aspects of the present embodiments, when a person (may be referred to interchangeably as “visitor”) arrives at the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100 , the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  detects the visitor&#39;s presence and begins capturing video images within a field of view of the camera  102 . The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may also capture audio through the microphone  104 . The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  may detect the visitor&#39;s presence using a motion sensor, and/or by detecting that the visitor has depressed the button on the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100 . 
     In response to the detection of the visitor, the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  sends an alert to the user&#39;s client device  114  ( FIG. 1 ) via the user&#39;s home wireless network  110  and the network  112 . The A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  also sends streaming video, and may also send streaming audio, to the user&#39;s client device  114 . If the user answers the alert, two-way audio communication may then occur between the visitor and the user through the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  and the user&#39;s client device  114 . The user may view the visitor throughout the duration of the call, but the visitor cannot see the user (unless the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  includes a display, which it may in some embodiments). 
     The video images captured by the camera  102  of the A/V recording and communication doorbell  100  (and the audio captured by the microphone  104 ) may be uploaded to the cloud and recorded on the remote storage device  116  ( FIG. 1 ). In some embodiments, the video and/or audio may be recorded on the remote storage device  116  even if the user chooses to ignore the alert sent to his or her client device  114 . 
       FIGS. 2-4  illustrate a wireless audio/video (A/V) communication doorbell  130  according to an aspect of present embodiments.  FIG. 2  is a front view,  FIG. 3  is a rear view, and  FIG. 4  is a left side view of the doorbell  130  coupled with a mounting bracket  137 . The doorbell  130  includes a faceplate  135  mounted to a back plate  139  ( FIG. 3 ). With reference to  FIG. 4 , the faceplate  135  has a substantially flat profile. The faceplate  135  may comprise any suitable material, including, without limitation, metals, such as brushed aluminum or stainless steel, metal alloys, or plastics. The faceplate  135  protects the internal contents of the doorbell  130  and serves as an exterior front surface of the doorbell  130 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 2 , the faceplate  135  includes a button  133  and a light pipe  136 . The button  133  and the light pipe  136  may have various profiles that may or may not match the profile of the faceplate  135 . The light pipe  136  may comprise any suitable material, including, without limitation, transparent plastic, that is capable of allowing light produced within the doorbell  130  to pass through. The light may be produced by one or more light-emitting components, such as light-emitting diodes (LED&#39;s), contained within the doorbell  130 , as further described below. The button  133  may make contact with a button actuator (not shown) located within the doorbell  130  when the button  133  is pressed by a visitor. When pressed, the button  133  may trigger one or more functions of the doorbell  130 , as further described below. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 2 and 4 , the doorbell  130  further includes an enclosure  131  that engages the faceplate  135 . In the illustrated embodiment, the enclosure  131  abuts an upper edge  135 T ( FIG. 2 ) of the faceplate  135 , but in alternative embodiments one or more gaps between the enclosure  131  and the faceplate  135  may facilitate the passage of sound and/or light through the doorbell  130 . The enclosure  131  may comprise any suitable material, but in some embodiments the material of the enclosure  131  preferably permits infrared light to pass through from inside the doorbell  130  to the environment and vice versa. The doorbell  130  further includes a lens  132 . In some embodiments, the lens may comprise a Fresnel lens, which may be patterned to deflect incoming light into one or more infrared sensors located within the doorbell  130 . The doorbell  130  further includes a camera  134 , which captures video data when activated, as described below. 
       FIG. 3  is a rear view of the doorbell  130 , according to an aspect of the present embodiments. As illustrated, the enclosure  131  may extend from the front of the doorbell  130  around to the back thereof and may fit snugly around a lip of the back plate  139 . The back plate  139  may comprise any suitable material, including, without limitation, metals, such as brushed aluminum or stainless steel, metal alloys, or plastics. The back plate  139  protects the internal contents of the doorbell  130  and serves as an exterior rear surface of the doorbell  130 . The faceplate  135  may extend from the front of the doorbell  130  and at least partially wrap around the back plate  139 , thereby allowing a coupled connection between the faceplate  135  and the back plate  139 . The back plate  139  may have indentations in its structure to facilitate the coupling. 
     With further reference to  FIG. 3 , spring contacts  140  may provide power to the doorbell  130  when mated with other conductive contacts connected to a power source. The spring contacts  140  may comprise any suitable conductive material, including, without limitation, copper, and may be capable of deflecting when contacted by an inward force, for example the insertion of a mating element. The doorbell  130  further comprises a connector  160 , such as a micro-USB or other connector, whereby power and/or data may be supplied to and from the components within the doorbell  130 . A reset button  159  may be located on the back plate  139 , and may make contact with a button actuator (not shown) located within the doorbell  130  when the reset button  159  is pressed. When the reset button  159  is pressed, it may trigger one or more functions, as described below. 
       FIG. 4  is a left side profile view of the doorbell  130  coupled to the mounting bracket  137 , according to an aspect of the present embodiments. The mounting bracket  137  facilitates mounting the doorbell  130  to a surface, such as the exterior of a building, such as a home or office. As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the faceplate  135  may extend from the bottom of the doorbell  130  up to just below the camera  134 , and connect to the back plate  139  as described above. The lens  132  may extend and curl partially around the side of the doorbell  130 . The enclosure  131  may extend and curl around the side and top of the doorbell  130 , and may be coupled to the back plate  139  as described above. The camera  134  may protrude slightly through the enclosure  131 , thereby giving it a wider field of view. The mounting bracket  137  may couple with the back plate  139  such that they contact each other at various points in a common plane of contact, thereby creating an assembly including the doorbell  130  and the mounting bracket  137 . The couplings described in this paragraph, and elsewhere, may be secured by, for example and without limitation, screws, interference fittings, adhesives, or other fasteners. Interference fittings may refer to a type of connection where a material relies on pressure and/or gravity coupled with the material&#39;s physical strength to support a connection to a different element. 
       FIG. 5  is a right side cross-sectional view of the doorbell  130  without the mounting bracket  137 . In the illustrated embodiment, the lens  132  is substantially coplanar with the front surface  131 F of the enclosure  131 . In alternative embodiments, the lens  132  may be recessed within the enclosure  131  or may protrude outward from the enclosure  131 . The camera  134  is coupled to a camera printed circuit board (PCB)  147 , and a lens  134   a  of the camera  134  protrudes through an opening in the enclosure  131 . The camera lens  134   a  may be a lens capable of focusing light into the camera  134  so that clear images may be taken. 
     The camera PCB  147  may be secured within the doorbell with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. The camera PCB  147  comprises various components that enable the functionality of the camera  134  of the doorbell  130 , as described below. Infrared light-emitting components, such as infrared LED&#39;s  168 , are coupled to the camera PCB  147  and may be triggered to activate when a light sensor detects a low level of ambient light. When activated, the infrared LED&#39;s  168  may emit infrared light through the enclosure  131  and/or the camera  134  out into the ambient environment. The camera  134 , which may be configured to detect infrared light, may then capture the light emitted by the infrared LED&#39;s  168  as it reflects off objects within the camera&#39;s  134  field of view, so that the doorbell  130  can clearly capture images at night (may be referred to as “night vision”). 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 5 , the doorbell  130  further comprises a front PCB  146 , which in the illustrated embodiment resides in a lower portion of the doorbell  130  adjacent a battery  166 . The front PCB  146  may be secured within the doorbell  130  with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. The front PCB  146  comprises various components that enable the functionality of the audio and light components, as further described below. The battery  166  may provide power to the doorbell  130  components while receiving power from the spring contacts  140 , thereby engaging in a trickle-charge method of power consumption and supply. Alternatively, the doorbell  130  may draw power directly from the spring contacts  140  while relying on the battery  166  only when the spring contacts  140  are not providing the power necessary for all functions. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 5 , the doorbell  130  further comprises a power PCB  148 , which in the illustrated embodiment resides behind the camera PCB  147 . The power PCB  148  may be secured within the doorbell  130  with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. The power PCB  148  comprises various components that enable the functionality of the power and device-control components, as further described below. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 5 , the doorbell  130  further comprises a communication module  164  coupled to the power PCB  148 . The communication module  164  facilitates communication with client devices in one or more remote locations, as further described below. The connector  160  may protrude outward from the power PCB  148  and extend through a hole in the back plate  139 . The doorbell  130  further comprises passive infrared (PIR) sensors  144 , which are secured on or within a PIR sensor holder  143 , and the assembly resides behind the lens  132 . The PIR sensor holder  143  may be secured to the doorbell  130  with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. The PIR sensors  144  may be any type of sensor capable of detecting and communicating the presence of a heat source within their field of view. Further, alternative embodiments may comprise one or more motion sensors either in place of or in addition to the PIR sensors  144 . The motion sensors may be configured to detect motion using any methodology, such as a methodology that does not rely on detecting the presence of a heat source within a field of view. 
       FIG. 6  is an exploded view of the doorbell  130  and the mounting bracket  137  according to an aspect of the present embodiments. The mounting bracket  137  is configured to be mounted to a mounting surface (not shown) of a structure, such as a home or an office.  FIG. 6  shows the front side  137 F of the mounting bracket  137 . The mounting bracket  137  is configured to be mounted to the mounting surface such that the back side  137 B thereof faces the mounting surface. In certain embodiments the mounting bracket  137  may be mounted to surfaces of various composition, including, without limitation, wood, concrete, stucco, brick, vinyl siding, aluminum siding, etc., with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. The doorbell  130  may be coupled to the mounting bracket  137  with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. 
     With continued reference to  FIG. 6 , the illustrated embodiment of the mounting bracket  137  includes the terminal screws  138 . The terminal screws  138  are configured to receive electrical wires adjacent the mounting surface of the structure upon which the mounting bracket  137  is mounted, so that the doorbell  130  may receive electrical power from the structure&#39;s electrical system. The terminal screws  138  are electrically connected to electrical contacts  177  of the mounting bracket. If power is supplied to the terminal screws  138 , then the electrical contacts  177  also receive power through the terminal screws  138 . The electrical contacts  177  may comprise any suitable conductive material, including, without limitation, copper, and may protrude slightly from the face of the mounting bracket  137  so that they may mate with the spring contacts  140  located on the back plate  139 . 
     With reference to  FIGS. 6 and 7  (which is a rear view of the mounting bracket  137 ), the mounting bracket  137  further comprises a bracket PCB  149 . With reference to  FIG. 7 , the bracket PCB  149  is situated outside the doorbell  130 , and is therefore configured for various sensors that measure ambient conditions, such as an accelerometer  150 , a barometer  151 , a humidity sensor  152 , and a temperature sensor  153 . The functions of these components are discussed in more detail below. The bracket PCB  149  may be secured to the mounting bracket  137  with any suitable fasteners, such as screws, or interference connections, adhesives, etc. 
       FIGS. 8A and 8B  are top and bottom views, respectively, of the doorbell  130 . As described above, the enclosure  131  may extend from the front face  131 F of the doorbell  130  to the back, where it contacts and snugly surrounds the back plate  139 . The camera  134  may protrude slightly beyond the front face  131 F of the enclosure  131 , thereby giving the camera  134  a wider field of view. The mounting bracket  137  may include a substantially flat rear surface  137 R, such that the doorbell  130  and the mounting bracket  137  assembly may sit flush against the surface to which they are mounted. With reference to  FIG. 8B , the lower end of the enclosure  131  may include security screw apertures  141  configured to receive screws or other fasteners. 
       FIG. 9A  is a top view of the PIR sensor holder  143 . The PIR sensor holder  143  may comprise any suitable material, including, without limitation, metals, metal alloys, or plastics. The PIR sensor holder  143  is configured to mount the PIR sensors  144  behind the lens  132  such that the PIR sensors  144  face out through the lens  132  at varying angles, thereby creating a wide field of view for the PIR sensors  144 , and dividing the field of view into zones, as further described below. With further reference to  FIG. 9A , the PIR sensor holder  143  includes one or more faces  178  within or on which the PIR sensors  144  may be mounted. In the illustrated embodiment, the PIR sensor holder  143  includes three faces  178 , with each of two outer faces  178  angled at 55° with respect to a center one of the faces  178 . In alternative embodiments, the angle formed by adjacent ones of the faces  178  may be increased or decreased as desired to alter the field of view of the PIR sensors  144 . 
       FIG. 9B  is a front view of the PIR sensor holder  143 . In the illustrated embodiment, each of the faces  178  includes a through hole  180  in which the PIR sensors  144  may be mounted. First and second brackets  182 , spaced from one another, extend transversely across the PIR sensor holder  143 . Each of the brackets  182  includes notches  184  at either end. The brackets  182  may be used to secure the PIR sensor holder  143  within the doorbell  130 . In alternative embodiments, the through holes  180  in the faces  178  may be omitted. For example, the PIR sensors  144  may be mounted directly to the faces  178  without the through holes  180 . Generally, the faces  178  may be comprise any structure configured to locate and secure the PIR sensors  144  in place. 
       FIGS. 10A and 10B  are top and front views, respectively, of a PIR sensor assembly  179 , including the PIR sensor holder  143 , the lens  132 , and a flexible power circuit  145 . The PIR sensor holder  143  may be secured to a rear face  132 R of the lens  132 , as shown, with the brackets  182  abutting the rear face  132 R of the lens  132 . The flexible power circuit  145 , which may be any material or component capable of delivering power and/or data to and from the PIR sensors  144 , is secured to a rear face  143 R of the PIR sensor holder  143 , and may be contoured to match the angular shape of the PIR sensor holder  143 . The flexible power circuit  145  may connect to, draw power from, and/or transmit data to and/or from, the power PCB  148  ( FIG. 5 ). 
       FIG. 11  is a top view of the PIR sensor assembly  179  illustrating the fields of view of the PIR sensors  144 . Each PIR sensor  144  includes a field of view, referred to as a “zone,” that traces an angle extending outward from the respective PIR sensor  144 . Zone  1  is the area that is visible only to Passive Infrared Sensor  144 - 1 . Zone  2  is the area that is visible only to the PIR sensors  144 - 1  and  144 - 2 . Zone  3  is the area that is visible only to Passive Infrared Sensor  144 - 2 . Zone  4  is the area that is visible only to the PIR sensors  144 - 2  and  144 - 3 . Zone  5  is the area that is visible only to Passive Infrared Sensor  144 - 3 . The doorbell  130  may be capable of determining the direction that an object is moving based upon which zones are triggered in a time sequence. In the illustrated embodiment, each zone extends across an angle of 110°. In alternative embodiments, each zone may extend across a different angle, such as one greater than or less than 110°. 
       FIG. 12  is a functional block diagram of the components within or in communication with the doorbell  130 , according to an aspect of the present embodiments. As described above, the bracket PCB  149  may comprise an accelerometer  150 , a barometer  151 , a humidity sensor  152 , and a temperature sensor  153 . The accelerometer  150  may be one or more sensors capable of sensing motion and/or acceleration. The barometer  151  may be one or more sensors capable of determining the atmospheric pressure of the surrounding environment in which the bracket PCB  149  may be located. The humidity sensor  152  may be one or more sensors capable of determining the amount of moisture present in the atmospheric environment in which the bracket PCB  149  may be located. The temperature sensor  153  may be one or more sensors capable of determining the temperature of the ambient environment in which the bracket PCB  149  may be located. As described above, the bracket PCB  149  may be located outside the housing of the doorbell  130  so as to reduce interference from heat, pressure, moisture, and/or other stimuli generated by the internal components of the doorbell  130 . 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , the bracket PCB  149  may further comprise terminal screw inserts  154 , which may be configured to receive the terminal screws  138  and transmit power to the electrical contacts  177  on the mounting bracket  137  ( FIG. 6 ). The bracket PCB  149  may be electrically and/or mechanically coupled to the power PCB  148  through the terminal screws  138 , the terminal screw inserts  154 , the spring contacts  140 , and the electrical contacts  177 . The terminal screws  138  may receive electrical wires located at the surface to which the doorbell  130  is mounted, such as the wall of a building, so that the doorbell can receive electrical power from the building&#39;s electrical system. Upon the terminal screws  138  being secured within the terminal screw inserts  154 , power may be transferred to the bracket PCB  149 , and to all of the components associated therewith, including the electrical contacts  177 . The electrical contacts  177  may transfer electrical power to the power PCB  148  by mating with the spring contacts  140 . 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , the front PCB  146  may comprise a light sensor  155 , one or more light-emitting components, such as LED&#39;s  156 , one or more speakers  157 , and a microphone  158 . The light sensor  155  may be one or more sensors capable of detecting the level of ambient light of the surrounding environment in which the doorbell  130  may be located. LED&#39;s  156  may be one or more light-emitting diodes capable of producing visible light when supplied with power. The speakers  157  may be any electromechanical device capable of producing sound in response to an electrical signal input. The microphone  158  may be an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor capable of converting sound waves into an electrical signal. When activated, the LED&#39;s  156  may illuminate the light pipe  136  ( FIG. 2 ). The front PCB  146  and all components thereof may be electrically coupled to the power PCB  148 , thereby allowing data and/or power to be transferred to and from the power PCB  148  and the front PCB  146 . 
     The speakers  157  and the microphone  158  may be coupled to the camera processor  170  through an audio CODEC  161 . For example, the transfer of digital audio from the user&#39;s client device  114  and the speakers  157  and the microphone  158  may be compressed and decompressed using the audio CODEC  161 , coupled to the camera processor  170 . Once compressed by audio CODEC  161 , digital audio data may be sent through the communication module  164  to the network  112 , routed by one or more servers  118 , and delivered to the user&#39;s client device  114 . When the user speaks, after being transferred through the network  112 , digital audio data is decompressed by audio CODEC  161  and emitted to the visitor via the speakers  157 . 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , the power PCB  148  may comprise a power management module  162 , a microcontroller  163 , the communication module  164 , and power PCB non-volatile memory  165 . In certain embodiments, the power management module  162  may comprise an integrated circuit capable of arbitrating between multiple voltage rails, thereby selecting the source of power for the doorbell  130 . The battery  166 , the spring contacts  140 , and/or the connector  160  may each provide power to the power management module  162 . The power management module  162  may have separate power rails dedicated to the battery  166 , the spring contacts  140 , and the connector  160 . In one aspect of the present disclosure, the power management module  162  may continuously draw power from the battery  166  to power the doorbell  130 , while at the same time routing power from the spring contacts  140  and/or the connector  160  to the battery  166 , thereby allowing the battery  166  to maintain a substantially constant level of charge. Alternatively, the power management module  162  may continuously draw power from the spring contacts  140  and/or the connector  160  to power the doorbell  130 , while only drawing from the battery  166  when the power from the spring contacts  140  and/or the connector  160  is low or insufficient. The power management module  162  may also serve as a conduit for data between the connector  160  and the microcontroller  163 . 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , in certain embodiments the microcontroller  163  may comprise an integrated circuit including a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. The microcontroller  163  may receive input signals, such as data and/or power, from the PIR sensors  144 , the bracket PCB  149 , the power management module  162 , the light sensor  155 , the microphone  158 , and/or the communication module  164 , and may perform various functions as further described below. When the microcontroller  163  is triggered by the PIR sensors  144 , the microcontroller  163  may be triggered to perform one or more functions, such as those described below with reference to  FIG. 14 . When the light sensor  155  detects a low level of ambient light, the light sensor  155  may trigger the microcontroller  163  to enable “night vision,” as further described below. The microcontroller  163  may also act as a conduit for data communicated between various components and the communication module  164 . 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , the communication module  164  may comprise an integrated circuit including a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output peripherals. The communication module  164  may also be configured to transmit data wirelessly to a remote network device, and may include one or more transceivers (not shown). The wireless communication may comprise one or more wireless networks, such as, without limitation, Wi-Fi, cellular, Bluetooth, and/or satellite networks. The communication module  164  may receive inputs, such as power and/or data, from the camera PCB  147 , the microcontroller  163 , the button  133 , the reset button  159 , and/or the power PCB non-volatile memory  165 . When the button  133  is pressed, the communication module  164  may be triggered to perform one or more functions, such as those described below with reference to  FIG. 13 . When the reset button  159  is pressed, the communication module  164  may be triggered to erase any data stored at the power PCB non-volatile memory  165  and/or at the camera PCB memory  169 . The communication module  164  may also act as a conduit for data communicated between various components and the microcontroller  163 . The power PCB non-volatile memory  165  may comprise flash memory configured to store and/or transmit data. For example, in certain embodiments the power PCB non-volatile memory  165  may comprise serial peripheral interface (SPI) flash memory. 
     With further reference to  FIG. 12 , the camera PCB  147  may comprise components that facilitate the operation of the camera  134 . For example, an imager  171  may comprise a video recording sensor and/or a camera chip. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the imager  171  may comprise a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) array, and may be capable of recording high definition (1080p or better) video files. A camera processor  170  may comprise an encoding and compression chip. In some embodiments, the camera processor  170  may comprise a bridge processor. The camera processor  170  may process video recorded by the imager  171  and audio recorded by the microphone  158 , and may transform this data into a form suitable for wireless transfer by the communication module  164  to a network. The camera PCB memory  169  may comprise volatile memory that may be used when data is being buffered or encoded by the camera processor  170 . For example, in certain embodiments the camera PCB memory  169  may comprise synchronous dynamic random access memory (SD RAM). IR LED&#39;s  168  may comprise light-emitting diodes capable of radiating infrared light. IR cut filter  167  may comprise a system that, when triggered, configures the imager  171  to see primarily infrared light as opposed to visible light. When the light sensor  155  detects a low level of ambient light (which may comprise a level that impedes the performance of the imager  171  in the visible spectrum), the IR LED&#39;s  168  may shine infrared light through the doorbell  130  enclosure out to the environment, and the IR cut filter  167  may enable the imager  171  to see this infrared light as it is reflected or refracted off of objects within the field of view of the doorbell. This process may provide the doorbell  130  with the “night vision” function mentioned above. 
       FIG. 13  is a flowchart illustrating one embodiment of a process according to an aspect of the present disclosure. At block B 200 , a visitor presses the button  133  on the doorbell  130 . At block B 202 , the communication module  164  sends a request to a network device. Once the network device receives the request, at block B 204  the network device may connect the doorbell  130  to the user&#39;s client device  114  through the user&#39;s wireless network  110  and the network  112 . In block B 206 , the doorbell  130  may record available audio and/or video data using the camera  134 , the microphone  158 , and/or any other sensor available. At block B 208 , the audio and/or video data is transmitted to the user&#39;s client device  114 . At block B 210 , the user may receive a notification on his or her client device  114  prompting him or her to either accept or deny. If the user denies the notification, then the process advances to block B 214 , where the audio and/or video data is recorded and stored at a cloud server. The session then ends at block B 216  and the connection between the doorbell  130  and the user&#39;s client device  114  is terminated. If, however, the user elects to accept the notification, then at block B 212  the user communicates with the visitor through the user&#39;s client device  114  while being provided audio and/or video data captured by the camera  134 , the microphone  158 , and/or other sensors. At the end of the call, the user may terminate the connection between the user&#39;s client device  114  and the doorbell  130  and the session ends at block B 216 . In some embodiments, the audio and/or video data may be recorded and stored at a cloud server (block B 214 ) even if the user accepts the notification and communicates with the visitor through the user&#39;s client device  114 . 
       FIG. 14  is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a process according to an aspect of the present disclosure. At block B 300 , an object may move into the field of view of one or more of the PIR sensors  144 . At block B 302 , the PIR sensors  144  may trigger the microcontroller  163 , which may then trigger the communication module  164  to send a request to a network device. At block B 304 , the network device may connect the doorbell  130  to the user&#39;s client device  114  through the user&#39;s wireless network  110  and the network  112 . At block B 306 , the doorbell  130  may record available audio and/or video data using the camera  134 , the microphone  158 , and/or any other available sensor, and stream the data to the user&#39;s client device  114 . At block B 308 , the user may receive a notification prompting the user to either accept or deny the notification. If the notification is accepted, then at block B 310   a  the live audio/video data may be displayed on the user&#39;s client device  114 , thereby allowing the user surveillance from the perspective of the doorbell  130 . When the user is satisfied with this function, the user may sever the connection at block B 312 , whereby the session ends. If, however, at block B 308  the user denies the notification, or ignores the notification and a specified time interval elapses, then the connection between the doorbell  130  and the user&#39;s client device  114  is terminated and the audio/video data is recorded and stored at a cloud server at block B 310   b , such that the user may view the audio/video data later at their convenience. The doorbell  130  may be configured to record for a specified period of time in the event the notification in block B 308  is denied or ignored. If such a time period is set, the doorbell  130  may record data for that period of time before ceasing operation at block B 312  thereby ending the session. In some embodiments, the audio and/or video data may be recorded and stored at a cloud server (block B 310   b ) even if the user accepts the notification and communicates with the visitor through the user&#39;s client device  114 . 
       FIG. 15  is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of a process according to an aspect of the present disclosure. At block B 400 , the user may select a “snooze time-out,” which is a time period during which the doorbell  130  may deactivate or otherwise not respond to stimuli (such as light, sound, or heat signatures) after an operation is performed, e.g. a notification is either accepted or denied/ignored. For example, the user may set a snooze time-out of 15 minutes. At block B 402 , an object moves into the field of view of one or more of the PIR sensors  144 . At block B 404 , the microcontroller  163  may trigger the communication module  164  to send a request to a network device. In block B 406 , the network device may connect the doorbell  130  to the user&#39;s client device  114  through the user&#39;s wireless network  110  and the network  112 . At block B 408 , audio/video data captured by the doorbell  130  may be streamed to the user&#39;s client device  114 . At block B 410 , the user may receive a notification prompting the user to either accept or deny/ignore the request. If the request is denied or ignored, then at block B 412   b  audio/video data may be recorded and stored at a cloud server. After the doorbell  130  finishes recording, the objects may remain in the PIR sensor  144  field of view at block B 414 . In block B 416 , the microcontroller  163  waits for the “snooze time” to elapse, e.g. 15 minutes, before triggering the communication module  164  to submit another request to the network device. After the snooze time, e.g. 15 minutes, elapses, the process moves back to block B 404  and progresses as described above. The cycle may continue like this until the user accepts the notification request at block B 410 . The process then moves to block B 412   a , where live audio and/or video data is displayed on the user&#39;s client device  114 , thereby allowing the user surveillance from the perspective of the doorbell  130 . At the user&#39;s request, the connection may be severed and the session ends at block B 418 . At this point the user may elect for the process to revert back to block B 416 , whereby there may be no further response until the snooze time, e.g. 15 minutes, has elapsed from the end of the previous session, or the user may elect for the process to return to block B 402  and receive a notification the next time an object is perceived by one or more of the PIR sensors  144 . In some embodiments, the audio and/or video data may be recorded and stored at a cloud server (block B 412   b ) even if the user accepts the notification and communicates with the visitor through the user&#39;s client device  114 . 
     As described below, some of the present embodiments advantageously locate an image sensor or a camera of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell behind, and/or integrate the image sensor or camera into, the doorbell button (e.g. the button used to actuate the doorbell, including sounding an audible tone and/or initiating recording of audio and/or video and/or transmitting audio and/or video). Locating the image sensor or camera behind the button, and/or integrating the image sensor or camera into the button, may conserve space within the doorbell, thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell to be reduced, which in turn may give the doorbell a more streamlined and visually pleasing appearance. In some embodiments in which the image sensor or the camera is integrated into the doorbell button, the image sensor or the camera may comprise the doorbell button, e.g. the image sensor or the camera may be configured such that the visitor presses the image sensor or the camera in order to actuate the doorbell (e.g. to sound an audible tone and/or initiate recording of audio and/or video and/or initiate transmitting of audio and/or video). 
       FIG. 16  is a front view of another embodiment of a wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  according to an aspect of the present disclosure. In the illustrated embodiment, the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  is a doorbell. Further examples of wireless A/V recording and communication devices may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/099,828, filed on Sep. 29, 2014, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 62/308,746, filed on Mar. 15, 2016, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties as if fully set forth. 
     The wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  may include a housing  502 , which may include but is not limited to plastic, metal, or wood. The housing  502  may serve as an exterior surface of the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  and protect components within. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the housing  502  may be IR transmissive, so as to allow infrared light to pass through. The housing  502  may contain an aperture  503  that allows a button  504  and/or a camera  506  to protrude through. The button  504  may act as a trigger to activate the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500 . When the housing  502  and the button  504  are mechanically coupled, the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  may be sealed hermetically. The button  504  may be any optically transparent or translucent material so as to allow light to pass through to an imager  508  located behind or within the button  504 . The button  504  may have convex, concave, or flat geometry, but preferably the configuration of the button  504  does not significantly distort the way in which light passes through the button  504 . In one aspect of the present disclosure, the button  504  may have a tinted surface, so as to appear opaque, yet still be capable of allowing light to pass through to the inside of the housing  502 . Locating the camera  506  or the imager  508  behind the button  504 , and/or integrating the camera  506  or the imager  508  into the button  504 , may conserve space within the doorbell  500 , thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell  500  to be reduced, which in turn may give the doorbell  500  a more streamlined and visually pleasing appearance. 
       FIG. 17  is a front perspective view of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 16 . The perspective view of the housing  502  in  FIG. 17  illustrates the depth of the housing  502 . In one aspect of the present disclosure, the housing  502 , and all components within, may be mounted to a wall or an exterior surface of a structure using mechanical features (not shown) built into a rear surface  510  ( FIG. 19 ) of the housing  502  and/or mechanical fasteners or mechanical coupling features. 
     Embodiments of the present wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  may include components similar to the doorbells  100 ,  130  described above, such as components for wirelessly transmitting audio and/or video, one or more speakers, one or more microphones, one or more antennas, one or more rechargeable batteries, and/or one or more motion sensing peripherals, such as passive infrared (PIR) sensors. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  may replace a doorbell and/or an outdoor camera on the exterior surface of a home, office, or property. In this aspect, after a visitor presses the button  504  or the camera  506 , the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  may stream audio and/or video to the owner&#39;s smartphone, tablet, or computer using wireless communication protocols such as but not limited to Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or Zigbee technology. The owner may then communicate with the visitor using a smartphone, tablet, or computer via the on-board microphones and speakers, which may be built into the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500 . 
       FIGS. 18 and 19  are cross-sectional right side views of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell of  FIG. 16 , taken along the section line A-A in  FIG. 16 .  FIG. 18  shows the button  504  in a static position, and  FIG. 19  shows the button  504  in a depressed position. In the static position of  FIG. 18 , the housing  502  is cut away to show components within the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500 , some of which may have been omitted for clarity. According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the button  504  may be movably mechanically coupled to the housing  502 , allowing the button to travel when pressed by a human finger. After the button  504  is released, the button  504  may return to its original position. The housing  502  may contain mechanical features that secure a printed circuit board (PCB)  512  using fasteners, glue, or mechanical coupling features, for example. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the camera  506  sits behind and concentric to the button  504 . The camera  506  is located on the surface of and is electrically coupled to the PCB  512 . In this aspect, the button  504  may be transparent or translucent, and allows light to be directed into the camera  506  without significantly adversely affecting the images produced by the camera  506 . 
     The camera  506  may include, or may communicate with, components integral to the operation of the camera  506 , such as the imager  508  and/or a bridge processor (not shown in  FIGS. 16-21 , but may be similar to the microcontroller  163  described above). The imager  508  may be a video recording sensor or a camera chip, for example. In one aspect of the present disclosure, the imager  508  may include a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) array, for example, and may be capable of recording high definition video files. The bridge processor may process video data recorded by the imager  508 , and may transform this data into a form suitable for wireless transfer by a communication module (not shown in  FIGS. 16-21 , but may be similar to the communication module  164  described above). 
     Infrared (IR) light-emitting components, such as IR LED&#39;s  513 , may be operatively connected to the PCB  512  and may be triggered to activate when a light sensor (not shown) or the camera  506  detects a low level of ambient light. When activated, the IR LED&#39;s  513  may emit infrared light out into the ambient environment. The camera  506 , which may be configured to detect infrared light, may then capture the light emitted by the IR LED&#39;s  513  as it reflects off objects within the camera&#39;s  506  field of view, so that the doorbell  500  can clearly capture images at night (may be referred to as “night vision”). In the embodiment illustrated in  FIGS. 18 and 19 , the IR LED&#39;s  513  are located behind or within the button  504 . Locating the IR LED&#39;s  513  behind or within the button  504  conserves space within the doorbell  500 , thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell  500  to be reduced, which in turn may give the doorbell  500  a more streamlined and visually pleasing appearance. 
     With reference to  FIG. 19 , button stems  514  are protruding mechanical features designed into the button  504 . When the button  504  is pressed, as shown in  FIG. 19  in the direction of arrow B, the button stems  514  make contact with button actuators  516 . The button actuators  516  are located on the surface of and are electrically coupled to the PCB  512 . When one or more of the button actuators  516  are compressed as a result of the button  504  being pressed, the button actuators  516  may activate the camera  506  and/or other components within the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  used to transmit audio and/or video. 
       FIGS. 20 and 21  are cross-sectional right side views of another embodiment of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell  500 ′ of  FIG. 16 , taken along the section line A-A in  FIG. 16 . In this alternative embodiment, the button  504  is omitted, and the camera  506  also serves as a button that a visitor may depress to activate the doorbell  500 ′. Omitting the button as a discrete component with respect to the camera further conserves space within the doorbell  500 ′, thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell  500 ′ to be reduced even further in comparison to the embodiment of the doorbell  500  of  FIGS. 16-19 . 
     Also in this alternative embodiment, a camera PCB  518  moves within the housing  502  when the camera  506  is pressed.  FIG. 20  shows the camera PCB  518  in a static position, and  FIG. 21  shows the camera PCB  518  in a depressed position. In the static position of  FIG. 18 , the housing  502  is cut away to show components within the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500 , some of which may have been omitted for clarity. The housing  502  may contain mechanical features that secure the PCB  512  using fasteners, glue, or mechanical coupling features. The button actuators  516  may be located on the surface of and electrically coupled to the PCB  512 . When one or more button actuators  516  are compressed, they may activate the camera  506  and/or other components within the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  used to transmit audio and/or video. 
     Still referencing  FIG. 20 , the housing  502  may contain one or more tracking bosses  520  according to an aspect of the present disclosure. The tracking bosses  520  may be mechanical features built in to the housing  502  to help contain and guide moving components within the assembly, such as the camera PCB  518 . According to one aspect of the present disclosure, the camera PCB  518  may include through-holes that receive the tracking bosses  520  to maintain the alignment of the camera PCB  518 . The through-holes may comprise holes drilled through the camera PCB  518 . In this aspect, the through-holes may align concentrically with the tracking bosses  520 . 
     With reference to  FIG. 21 , which shows the camera PCB  518  in a depressed position, the camera  506  may be located on the surface of and electrically coupled to the camera PCB  518 , according to one aspect of the present disclosure. The housing  502  may contain an aperture  522  through which the camera  506  may protrude. In this aspect of the present disclosure, the camera  506  may be used as a button that can be pressed by a user/visitor. When the camera  506  is depressed in the direction of the Arrow C, the camera PCB  518  may travel in the direction of the Arrow C, using the tracking bosses  520  to stay aligned and parallel to the PCB  512 . In this aspect, when the camera PCB  518  is fully depressed, the camera PCB  518 , or a part located on or within the camera PCB  518 , makes contact with one or more of the button actuators  516  located on the PCB  512 . When the button actuators  516  are compressed, they may activate the camera  506  and/or other components within the wireless A/V recording and communication device  500  used to transmit audio and/or video. 
     As described above, some of the present embodiments locate an image sensor or camera of the wireless A/V recording and communication doorbell behind, and/or integrate the image sensor or camera into, the doorbell button (e.g. the button used to actuate the doorbell, including sounding an audible tone and/or initiating recording of audio and/or video and/or initiating transmitting of audio and/or video). Locating the image sensor or camera behind the button, and/or integrating the image sensor or camera into the button, may conserve space within the doorbell, thereby enabling the size of the outer envelope of the doorbell to be reduced, which in turn may give the doorbell a more streamlined and visually pleasing appearance. In some embodiments in which the image sensor or the camera is integrated into the doorbell button, the image sensor or the camera may comprise the doorbell button, e.g. the image sensor or the camera may be configured such that the visitor presses the image sensor or the camera in order to actuate the doorbell (e.g. to sound an audible tone and/or initiate recording of audio and/or video). 
       FIG. 22  is a functional block diagram of a client device  800  on which the present embodiments may be implemented according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The user&#39;s client device  114  described with reference to  FIG. 1  may include some or all of the components and/or functionality of the client device  800 . The client device  800  may comprise, for example, a smartphone. 
     With reference to  FIG. 22 , the client device  800  includes a processor  802 , a memory  804 , a user interface  806 , a communication module  808 , and a dataport  810 . These components are communicatively coupled together by an interconnect bus  812 . The processor  802  may include any processor used in smartphones and/or portable computing devices, such as an ARM processor (a processor based on the RISC (reduced instruction set computer) architecture developed by Advanced RISC Machines (ARM).). In some embodiments, the processor  802  may include one or more other processors, such as one or more conventional microprocessors, and/or one or more supplementary co-processors, such as math co-processors. 
     The memory  804  may include both operating memory, such as random access memory (RAM), as well as data storage, such as read-only memory (ROM), hard drives, flash memory, or any other suitable memory/storage element. The memory  804  may include removable memory elements, such as a CompactFlash card, a MultiMediaCard (MMC), and/or a Secure Digital (SD) card. In some embodiments, the memory  804  may comprise a combination of magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor memory, and may include, for example, RAM, ROM, flash drive, and/or a hard disk or drive. The processor  802  and the memory  804  each may be, for example, located entirely within a single device, or may be connected to each other by a communication medium, such as a USB port, a serial port cable, a coaxial cable, an Ethernet-type cable, a telephone line, a radio frequency transceiver, or other similar wireless or wired medium or combination of the foregoing. For example, the processor  802  may be connected to the memory  804  via the dataport  810 . 
     The user interface  806  may include any user interface or presentation elements suitable for a smartphone and/or a portable computing device, such as a keypad, a display screen, a touchscreen, a microphone, and a speaker. The communication module  808  is configured to handle communication links between the client device  800  and other, external devices or receivers, and to route incoming/outgoing data appropriately. For example, inbound data from the dataport  810  may be routed through the communication module  808  before being directed to the processor  802 , and outbound data from the processor  802  may be routed through the communication module  808  before being directed to the dataport  810 . The communication module  808  may include one or more transceiver modules capable of transmitting and receiving data, and using, for example, one or more protocols and/or technologies, such as GSM, UMTS (3GSM), IS-95 (CDMA one), IS-2000 (CDMA 2000), LTE, FDMA, TDMA, W-CDMA, CDMA, OFDMA, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, or any other protocol and/or technology. 
     The dataport  810  may be any type of connector used for physically interfacing with a smartphone and/or a portable computing device, such as a mini-USB port or an IPHONE®/IPOD® 30-pin connector or LIGHTNING® connector. In other embodiments, the dataport  810  may include multiple communication channels for simultaneous communication with, for example, other processors, servers, and/or client terminals. 
     The memory  804  may store instructions for communicating with other systems, such as a computer. The memory  804  may store, for example, a program (e.g., computer program code) adapted to direct the processor  802  in accordance with the present embodiments. The instructions also may include program elements, such as an operating system. While execution of sequences of instructions in the program causes the processor  802  to perform the process steps described herein, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of, or in combination with, software/firmware instructions for implementation of the processes of the present embodiments. Thus, the present embodiments are not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software. 
       FIG. 23  is a functional block diagram of a general-purpose computing system on which the present embodiments may be implemented according to various aspects of the present disclosure. The computer system  900  may be embodied in at least one of a personal computer (also referred to as a desktop computer)  900 A, a portable computer (also referred to as a laptop or notebook computer)  900 B, and/or a server  900 C. A server is a computer program and/or a machine that waits for requests from other machines or software (clients) and responds to them. A server typically processes data. The purpose of a server is to share data and/or hardware and/or software resources among clients. This architecture is called the client-server model. The clients may run on the same computer or may connect to the server over a network. Examples of computing servers include database servers, file servers, mail servers, print servers, web servers, game servers, and application servers. The term server may be construed broadly to include any computerized process that shares a resource to one or more client processes. 
     The computer system  900  may execute at least some of the operations described above. The computer system  900  may include at least one processor  910 , memory  920 , at least one storage device  930 , and input/output (I/O) devices  940 . Some or all of the components  910 ,  920 ,  930 ,  940  may be interconnected via a system bus  950 . The processor  910  may be single- or multi-threaded and may have one or more cores. The processor  910  may execute instructions, such as those stored in the memory  920  and/or in the storage device  930 . Information may be received and output using one or more I/O devices  940 . 
     The memory  920  may store information, and may be a computer-readable medium, such as volatile or non-volatile memory. The storage device(s)  930  may provide storage for the system  900 , and may be a computer-readable medium. In various aspects, the storage device(s)  930  may be a flash memory device, a hard disk device, an optical disk device, a tape device, or any other type of storage device. 
     The I/O devices  940  may provide input/output operations for the system  900 . The I/O devices  940  may include a keyboard, a pointing device, and/or a microphone. The I/O devices  940  may further include a display unit for displaying graphical user interfaces, a speaker, and/or a printer. External data may be stored in one or more accessible external databases  960 . 
     The features of the present embodiments described herein may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, and/or in computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or in combinations thereof. Features of the present embodiments may be implemented in a computer program product tangibly embodied in an information carrier, such as a machine-readable storage device, and/or in a propagated signal, for execution by a programmable processor. Embodiments of the present method steps may be performed by a programmable processor executing a program of instructions to perform functions of the described implementations by operating on input data and generating output. 
     The features of the present embodiments described herein may be implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor coupled to receive data and/or instructions from, and to transmit data and/or instructions to, a data storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device. A computer program may include a set of instructions that may be used, directly or indirectly, in a computer to perform a certain activity or bring about a certain result. A computer program may be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it may be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. 
     Suitable processors for the execution of a program of instructions may include, for example, both general and special purpose processors, and/or the sole processor or one of multiple processors of any kind of computer. Generally, a processor may receive instructions and/or data from a read only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM), or both. Such a computer may include a processor for executing instructions and one or more memories for storing instructions and/or data. 
     Generally, a computer may also include, or be operatively coupled to communicate with, one or more mass storage devices for storing data files. Such devices include magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and/or removable disks, magneto-optical disks, and/or optical disks. Storage devices suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and/or data may include all forms of non-volatile memory, including for example semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices, magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks, magneto-optical disks, and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks. The processor and the memory may be supplemented by, or incorporated in, one or more ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits). 
     To provide for interaction with a user, the features of the present embodiments may be implemented on a computer having a display device, such as an LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor, for displaying information to the user. The computer may further include a keyboard, a pointing device, such as a mouse or a trackball, and/or a touchscreen by which the user may provide input to the computer. 
     The features of the present embodiments may be implemented in a computer system that includes a back-end component, such as a data server, and/or that includes a middleware component, such as an application server or an Internet server, and/or that includes a front-end component, such as a client computer having a graphical user interface (GUI) and/or an Internet browser, or any combination of these. The components of the system may be connected by any form or medium of digital data communication, such as a communication network. Examples of communication networks may include, for example, a LAN (local area network), a WAN (wide area network), and/or the computers and networks forming the Internet. 
     The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server may be remote from each other and interact through a network, such as those described herein. The relationship of client and server may arise by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. 
     The above description presents the best mode contemplated for carrying out the present embodiments, and of the manner and process of practicing them, in such full, clear, concise, and exact terms as to enable any person skilled in the art to which they pertain to practice these embodiments. The present embodiments are, however, susceptible to modifications and alternate constructions from those discussed above that are fully equivalent. Consequently, the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed. On the contrary, the present invention covers all modifications and alternate constructions coming within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. For example, the steps in the processes described herein need not be performed in the same order as they have been presented, and may be performed in any order(s). Further, steps that have been presented as being performed separately may in alternative embodiments be performed concurrently. Likewise, steps that have been presented as being performed concurrently may in alternative embodiments be performed separately.