Patent Publication Number: US-11020993-B2

Title: Determinations of lengths of web medias

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     Images are processed for use with computing machines, such as a print apparatus. A print apparatus, for example, may use control data based on processed image data to reproduce a physical representation of an image by operating a print fluid ejection system according to the control data. A print apparatus may eject print fluid on to web media that is storeable in a roll for large format prints. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1 and 2  are block diagrams depicting example media handling systems. 
         FIG. 3  depicts an example environment in which various media handling systems may be implemented. 
         FIG. 4  depicts example modules used to implement example media handling systems. 
         FIGS. 5 and 6  are flow diagrams depicting example methods of operating a print apparatus. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description and figures, some example implementations of print apparatus, media handling systems, and/or methods of operating a print apparatus are described. In examples described herein, a “print apparatus” may be a device to print content on a physical medium (e.g., paper, textiles, a layer of powder-based build material, etc.) with a print material (e.g., ink or toner). For example, the print apparatus may be a wide-format print apparatus that prints latex-based print fluid on a print medium, such as a print medium that is size A2 or larger. In some examples, the physical medium may printed on from a web roll or as pre-cut sheet. A print apparatus may utilize suitable print consumables, such as ink, toner, fluids or powders, or other raw materials for printing. An example of fluid print material is a water-based latex ink ejectable from a print head, such as a piezoelectric print head or a thermal inkjet print head. Other examples of print fluid may include dye-based color inks, pigment-based inks, solvents, gloss enhancers, fixer agents, and the like. 
     Large prints may be printed on a web roll, which may allow for dynamic lengths of print jobs. The web roll may unwind to provide substrate to be printed on. The web roll may be interchangeable with other web rolls, such as changing a web roll for using a different type of substrate. Web media may come in a variety of types, size, thickness, etc. A printer user may manually track the amount of media left on a used roll, or may fail to do so. The user may also track or rely on average characteristics to know the thickness of the media. 
     Various examples described below relate to identifying a length of media of used web media roll based on the thickness of the media and tracking the media during a number of rotations. The thickness of a media may be determined by tracking the distance measured with respect to a circumferential surface of the web roll and making a calculation of the thickness based on the amount of rotation to obtain that distance. By knowing the thickness, and the size of the roll core, and the radius of total media roll, the remaining length of media available to be printed on is able to be calculated. 
       FIGS. 1 and 2  are block diagrams depicting example media handling systems  100  and  200 . Referring to  FIG. 1 , the example media handling system  100  of  FIG. 1  generally includes a web media holder  102 , a sensor  104 , and controller  110 . In general, the controller  110  may use the sensor  104  to obtain distance readings (represented as first distance data  112  and second distance  114  in  FIG. 1 ) regarding web media held by the web media holder  102  and determine a remaining length of media of the web media based on the reference value  108  corresponding to the size of the core of the web media. 
     The web media holder  102  includes a core hub that is coupleable to a core of a web media roll. For example, the core hub may be a spindle or a core coupling device in a spindle-less printing system. The core of a web media roll may be fixedly coupled to the core hub to ensure accurate rotation of the web media roll. The web media holder  102  may be a component of a print apparatus having a fluid ejection device within a print zone of the print apparatus where the media holder  102  is a portion of a media handling system  100  that guides media through the print apparatus to perform a print job. 
     The sensor  104  is any appropriate sensor that is capable to take a measurement at the circumferential surface of the web media roll, Example sensors include mechanical sensors, optical sensors, and the like. For example, the sensor  104  may be a mechanical sensor having an arm to contact the circumferential surface of the web media roll. For another example, the sensor  104  may be an ultrasonic sensor aligned to receive a signal in a direction corresponding to a rotational axis of the core hub. For yet another example, the sensor  104  may be an optical sensor aligned to receive a visual signal in the direction corresponding to the rotational axis of the core hub. A circumferential surface is a surface that extends along the width of the media roll and exists on the perimeter of the web media roll (e.g., on the exposed surface layer of the web media roll), which is different from the radial surface located on the sides of media roll (which exposes the sides a plurality of layers of web media on the roll). 
     The sensor  104  is capable of producing data corresponding to distance. For example, the sensor  104  is capable of producing a first data that represents a first distance measureable by the sensor  104  when the core hub is in a first orientation and capable of producing a second data that represents a second distance measureable by the sensor  104  when the core hub is in a second orientation after a number of rotations with respect to the first orientation of the core hub. The orientation represents a certain amount of rotation and may be greater than 360 degrees. In this manner, the sensor  104  retrieves distance data at different times (e.g., after the web media holder  102  rotates the web media roll) and provides the data to be compared by the controller  110 . 
     The controller  110  may be any combination of circuitry and executable instructions to determine a length of the web media roll based on the sensor data  112  and  114  and a reference value  108  corresponding to the core of the web media roll. For example, the controller  110  may utilize a formula that uses a radial change between two distance measurements and the number of rotations between the changes to identify the amount of media available on the media roll (less the radial volume corresponding to the core of the web media roll). 
     The controller  110  may determine a thickness of the web media to use in determining the remaining length of the web media roll. For example, the controller  110  may cause the sensor to measure the first distance to the circumferential surface of the web media roll before the number of rotations are performed, cause the sensor to measure the second distance to the circumferential surface of the web media roll after the number of rotations are performed, and determine a thickness of the web media based on the number of rotations and a difference between the first distance and the second distance. 
     The controller  110  may use a length calculation that utilizes various attributes of the web media roll. For example, the controller  110  may determine the length of the web media roll based on the thickness of the web media, a core radius, a radius of the roll as measure by the sensor  104 , a number of available rotations of the web media roll, and a distance between the web media roll and a print zone of a print apparatus on which the web media holder  102  resides. The controller  110  may be programmed to use a spiral length calculation to determining the length of the web media roll. An example spiral length formula may be an Archimedean spiral length formula such as 
     
       
         
           
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     where R0 is the radius of the roll core, 
     h is the media thickness, 
     N is the number of turns the roll has (N may be determined by the difference between the radius of the roll and the radius of the core divided by the thickness h), 
     d is the media distance between the roll and the print zone, and 
     s is the media length remaining on the roll. 
     The controller  110  may control operations of the web media holder  102  and the sensor  104 . For example, the controller  110  may operate the web media holder  102  to rotate a precise number of rotations to use in a formula computation for determining the remaining media length of the web media roll and control when the sensor  104  captures data. For example, the controller  110  may cause the sensor  104  to obtain a first data corresponding to a distance measurement from the sensor to the web media roll when oriented at a first rotational state, cause the core hub to rotate the web media roll in a first direction to orient the web media roll for the sensor to obtain the second data, cause the core hub to rotate in a second direction opposite the first direction to rewind the web media roll until the core hub is in the first orientation, compute the thickness based on the difference between the first data and the second data, cause the thickness of the media to be stored in a data structure representing a media profile, compute a remaining length of the web media roll using the Archimedean spiral length formula as discussed above, cause a length of the web media roll to be displayed on a user interface, and cause components of the media handling system to guide the web media to the print zone to be printed on by a fluid ejection system of the print apparatus. 
     The controller  110  may perform operations in the determination of the media length to compensate for conditions of the printer and other factors that may contribute to determining media length based on sensor input. For example, the environmental changes may be considered as well as the distance between the web media roll and the print platen. In the example of an optical sensor aligned to receive a signal from the core hub, the controller  110  utilizes a compensatory factor based on a reflection property of the web media to calculate the first distance and the second distance. 
     The controller  110  may be used to identify the reference value  108 . For example, with a reference core with no media placed onto the media holder  102 , the controller  110  may take distance measurement using the sensor  104 , determine a reference value corresponding to a distance between the sensor and a surface of a core of the web media roll, compute a core radius, and store the reference value on a computer-readable medium to use in computing the remaining length of a web media roll. 
     In some examples, functionalities described herein in relation to any of  FIGS. 1-3  may be provided in combination with functionalities described herein in relation to any of  FIGS. 4-6 . 
       FIG. 2  depicts the example system  200  may comprise a memory resource  220  operatively coupled to a processor resource  222 . Referring to  FIG. 2 , the memory resource  220  may contain a set of instructions that are executable by the processor resource  222 . The memory resource  220  may also contain data useable by system  200  when executing the set of instructions, such as reference value  208  which is the same as reference value  108  of  FIG. 1 . The set of instructions are operable to cause the processor resource  222  to perform operations of the system  200  when the set of instructions are executed by the processor resource  222 . For example, the controller  110  may include a processor resource  222  and a memory resource  220  with executable instructions on the memory resource  222  that when executed by the processor resource  222  cause the controller  110  to perform according to a control program. The set of instructions stored on the memory resource  220  may be represented as a sensor module  212 , a holder module  214 , and a length module  216 . The sensor module  212  and the holder module  214  represent program instructions that when executed operate the sensor  104  and the web media holder  102  of  FIG. 1 , respectively. The length module  216  represents program instructions that when executed perform computations to determine remaining length of a web media roll coupled to a web media holder  102  of  FIG. 1 . 
     The processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to execute the modules  212 ,  214 ,  216 , and/or any other appropriate operations among and/or associated with the modules of the system  200 . For example, the processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to retrieve a first sensor data representing a first distance measurement corresponding to a circumferential surface of a web media roll when sustained by a media holder of a print apparatus, retrieve a second sensor data representing a second distance measurement corresponding to the circumferential surface of the web media roll when sustained by the media holder after the web media roll is rotated a number of times, and determine a length of the web media available of the web media roll based on a difference between the first distance measurement and the second distance measurement and the number of times of rotation of the web media roll between a time of the first distance measurement and a time of the second distance measurement. For another example, the processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to divide a difference between a reference value and the first distance measurement by a thickness of the web media to identify a number of available rotations of the web media roll from when the core hub is at the first position, perform an integration of a calculation of the media thickness between the first distance measurement and a radial reference corresponding to the core of the web media roll, and adjust the integration based on a distance between the web media roll and a print zone of a print apparatus to determine the remaining length of the web media roll from the first position. For yet another example, the processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to capture a first distance measurement, rotate the web media roll via the core hub of the web media holder from a first position to a second position, capture a second distance measurement, cause the media to rewind from the second position to the first position, determine a thickness of the media length based on the difference between distance measurements, determine a remaining length of the media based on the determined thickness, cause a print engine of the print apparatus to adjust a printhead-to-media spacing according to the thickness of the web media, and perform a printing operation to print on the media beginning with the media roll in the first position if the remaining length of the web media roll is greater than the length of the print job to be printed on the web media. For yet another example, the processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to calculate a thickness of the web media based on the number of rotations and a difference between the first distance and the second distance, identify an environment condition classification corresponding to a print apparatus, store a first media data representing the thickness of the web media and a second media data representing the environment condition classification in a data structure corresponding to a media profile of the web media, and use the stored media data when determining the remaining length of the web media roll. For yet another example, the processor resource  222  may carry out a set of instructions to identify a reference value corresponding to a distance between the sensor and a surface of a core of the web media roll and store the reference value on a memory resource to be used in computing the remaining length of a web media roll. 
     Although these particular modules and various other modules are illustrated and discussed in relation to  FIG. 2  and other example implementations, other combinations or sub-combinations of modules may be included within other implementations. Said differently, although the modules illustrated in  FIG. 2  and discussed in other example implementations perform specific functionalities in the examples discussed herein, these and other functionalities may be accomplished, implemented, or realized at different modules or at combinations of modules. For example, two or more modules illustrated and/or discussed as separate may be combined into a module that performs the functionalities discussed in relation to the two modules. As another example, functionalities performed at one module as discussed in relation to these examples may be performed at a different module or different modules.  FIG. 4  depicts yet another example of how functionality may be organized into modules. 
     A processor resource is any appropriate circuitry capable of processing (e.g., computing) instructions, such as one or multiple processing elements capable of retrieving instructions from a memory resource and executing those instructions. For example, the processor resource  222  may be a central processing unit (CPU) that enables determining a remaining length of a web media roll by fetching, decoding, and executing modules  212 ,  214 , and  216 . Example processor resources include at least one CPU, a semiconductor-based microprocessor, a programmable logic device (PLD), and the like. Example PLDs include an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable array logic (PAL), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), and an erasable programmable logic device (EPLD). A processor resource may include multiple processing elements that are integrated in a single device or distributed across devices. A processor resource may process the instructions serially, concurrently, or in partial concurrence. 
     A memory resource represents a medium to store data utilized and/or produced by the system  200 . The medium is any non-transitory medium or combination of non-transitory media able to electronically store data, such as modules of the system  200  and/or data used by the system  200 . For example, the medium may be a storage medium, which is distinct from a transitory transmission medium, such as a signal. The medium may be machine-readable, such as computer-readable. The medium may be an electronic, magnetic, optical, or other physical storage device that is capable of containing (i.e., storing) executable instructions. A memory resource may be said to store program instructions that when executed by a processor resource cause the processor resource to implement functionality of the system  200  of  FIG. 2 . A memory resource may be integrated in the same device as a processor resource or it may be separate but accessible to that device and the processor resource. A memory resource may be distributed across devices. 
     In some examples, the system  200  may include the executable instructions may be part of an installation package that when installed may be executed by a processor resource to perform operations of the system  200 , such as methods described with regards to  FIGS. 4-6 . In that example, a memory resource may be a portable medium such as a compact disc, a digital video disc, a flash drive, or memory maintained by a computer device, such as a server, from which the installation package may be downloaded and installed. In another example, the executable instructions may be part of an application or applications already installed. A memory resource may be a non-volatile memory resource such as read only memory (ROM), a volatile memory resource such as random access memory (RAM), a storage device, or a combination thereof. Example forms of a memory resource include static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, or the like. A memory resource may include integrated memory such as a hard drive (HD), a solid state drive (SSD), or an optical drive. 
       FIG. 3  depicts an example environments in which various example media handling systems may be implemented. The print apparatus  300  generally includes a web media roll  306  coupled to a web media holder  302  via a core hub  330 . As the core hub  330  rotates, the web media roll  306  rotates and media  318  moves into the print zone (or out of the print zone depending on the direction of rotation of the core hub) below the printhead device  336  with assistance by media handling components (e.g., rollers  334 ). The controller  310  operates the core hub  330  and sensor  304  to coordinate distance measurements and rotations of the web media roll  306 . The distance  301  between the sensor  304  and the core  332  may be a known distance or a calculated distance using an empty media roll (e.g., a reference core) or a fixture reference point, such as an edge of the core hub. The distance  303  represents the distance measured by the sensor  304  to the web media roll circumferential surface  310  at any given time and/or any given rotation amount of the web media roll  306  as determined by the controller  310 . 
       FIG. 4  depicts example modules used to implement example media handling systems  400 . Referring to  FIG. 4 , the example modules of  FIG. 4  generally include a sensor engine  412 , a holder engine  414 , a length engine  416 , and a response engine  418 . The example modules of  FIG. 4  may be implemented on a compute device, such as a print apparatus or a print server. The engines  312 ,  314 ,  316 , and  318  may be integrated via circuitry or as installed instructions into a memory resource of the print apparatus from a print server, for example. 
     The sensor engine  412  represents any circuitry or combination of circuitry and executable instructions to operate a sensor to capture measurement data corresponding to a web media roll. In response to receiving a length determination request  458  (such as upon loading a used roll of web media), the sensor engine  412  may capture a distance reading using a sensing component. The sensor engine  412  may also be activated to perform a reference value determination request to determine the reference value  460  corresponding to the core of the web media roll. The sensor engine  412  includes program instructions, such as a read module  440  and an interpret module  442 , to assist capturing media roll data. The read module  440  represents program instruction that when executed cause a processor resource to operate a sensor to obtain data. The interpret module  442  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to determine a web media roll radius using the data obtained by executing the read module  440 . The interpreted data is provided to the length engine  416  for use in determining the length of media of the media roll. 
     The holder engine  414  represents any circuitry or combination of circuitry and executable instructions to operate a web media holder. The holder engine  414  includes program instructions, such as a rotation module  444  and a rewind module  446 , to assist operation of the web media holder. The rotation module  444  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to actuate rotation of a core hub of a web media holder a number of rotations  462 , which may be a predetermined number of rotations and then actuate the sensor engine  412  to capture further data after the number of rotations  462  are completed. The rewind module  446  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to actuate rotation of the core hub to rewind the web media roll to the original position (e.g., rewind the same number of rotations performed by executing the rotation module  444 ). 
     The length engine  416  represents any circuitry or combination of circuitry and executable instructions to determine a length of web media roll. The length engine  416  includes program instructions, such as a thickness module  448  and a spiral module  450 , to assist determination of the remaining length of media of web media roll. The thickness module  448  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to compute a thickness of the web media using a difference between distance measurements before and after the number of rotations  462 . The spiral module  450  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to insert variables including the number of rotations  462 , the roll radius  464 , the core radius  466 , the thickness  468  of the web media, the environment condition  470 , and the print zone distance  472  into a spiral length formula to determine a remaining length of web media on a roll. An environment condition  470  may include a classification of an environment attribute. For example, a temperature sensor may identify a temperature level associated with the conditions of the thickness of the media. For another example, a humidity sensor may identify a degree of humidity in the printer environment and associate the humidity classification with the thickness (e.g., when the thickness data is stored). The remaining length as determined by the length engine  416  is provided to the response engine  418  to present the remaining length to the user and make adjustments to a print apparatus corresponding to the remaining length. 
     The response engine  418  represents any circuitry or combination of circuitry and executable instructions to update a print apparatus according to a determination of remaining length of a web media roll. The response engine  418  includes program instructions, such as a display module  454  and a component module  456 , to assist adjustments of a print apparatus according to the remaining media length determination. The display module  454  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to instruct a display coupled to a print apparatus to show a remaining length of the web media. The display module  454 , when executed, may also cause a processor resource to instruct a display to present other determined media attributes  474 , such as the thickness of the web media. The component module  456  represents program instructions that when executed cause a processor resource to instruction a component of a print apparatus to adjust based on the determined media attributes  474 , such as the media length and media thickness. For example, a processor resource that executes the component module  456  may cause a printhead carriage or a platen to move to change a printhead-to-media spacing according to the thickness of the media as determined by executing the thickness module  448 . The response engine  418  provides the prepared output instructions  476  to the proper destinations, such as a controller for a display or other print apparatus component controllers. 
     In the discussion herein, the systems  100 ,  200 ,  300 , and  400  have been described as circuitry or a combination of circuitry and executable instructions. Such components may be implemented in a number of fashions. Looking at  FIG. 2 , the executable instructions may be processor-executable instructions, such as program instructions, stored on the memory resource  220 , which is a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and the circuitry may be electronic circuitry, such as processor resource  222 , for executing those instructions. The instructions residing on a memory resource may comprise any set of instructions to be executed directly (such as machine code) or indirectly (such as a script) by a processor resource. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1-4 , the engines and/or the modules discussed herein may be distributed across devices, such as print apparatus and print servers. The engine and/or modules may complete or assist completion of operations performed in describing another engine and/or module. For example, the length engine  416  of  FIG. 4  may request, complete, or perform the methods or operations described with the sensor engine  412 , the holder engine  414 , the length engine  416 , and the response engine  418 . Thus, although the various engines and modules are shown as separate engines in  FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 , in other implementations, the functionality of multiple engines and/or modules may be implemented as a single engine and/or module or divided in a variety of engines and/or modules. In some example, the engines of the system  400  may perform example methods described in connection with  FIGS. 5-6 . 
       FIGS. 5 and 6  are flow diagrams depicting example methods of operating a print apparatus. Referring to  FIG. 5 , example methods of operating a print apparatus may generally comprise causing a sensor to measure a first distance, causing a web media roll to rotate a number of times, causing the sensor to measure a second distance, determining a thickness of the web media, and determining a remaining length of the web media. The method of  FIGS. 5 and 6  are performable by engines and modules discussed herein, such as the engines of  FIG. 4 . 
     At block  502 , a sensor is actuated to measure a first distance to a circumferential surface of the web media roll sustained by a media holder, 
     At block  504 , a core hub of the media holder is rotated a number of times. 
     At block  506 , the sensor is actuated to measure a second distance to the circumferential surface of the web media roll after the core hub is rotated the number of times. 
     At block  508 , a thickness of the web media is determined based on a difference between the first distance obtained by the sensor at block  502  and the second distance obtained by the sensor at block  506 . 
     At block  510 , a remaining length of the web media is determined based on the media thickness determined at block  508  and a difference between a first value corresponding to a media radius of the web media roll and a second value corresponding to a core radius of the web media roll. For example, the remaining length of the web media roll is calculated based on a spiral length calculation and a distance between the web media roll and the print zone along the media path. The remaining length may be calculated with respect to when the print area of the web media is at the print zone of a print apparatus. 
       FIG. 6  includes blocks similar to blocks of  FIG. 5  and provides additional blocks and details. In particular,  FIG. 6  depicts additional blocks and details generally regarding identifying a reference distance corresponding to a core of web media, storing a thickness determination, rewinding the media, presenting information based on the remaining length determination, changing a printhead-to-media spacing, and performing a print operation. Blocks  604 ,  606 ,  608 ,  610 , and  616  are the same as blocks  502 ,  504 ,  506 ,  508 , and  510  of  FIG. 5  and, for brevity, their respective descriptions are not repeated. 
     At block  602 , a reference distance between the sensor and a fixture or a representative core is identified. For example, prior to loading a web media roll, the sensor may make a reference value capture of the fixture or representative core (e.g., a media core without media attached). The fixture or representative core may be less affected by an environment condition than the web media to assist in accurate reference values. The fixture or representative core is to be aligned with the sensor to produce a distance reading by the sensor in the direction of a rotational axis of the core hub. The reference distance may be used at block  610  to determine the thickness of the web media and/or block  616  to determine the remaining length of the web media. At block  612 , the thickness value of the media is stored in a data structure representing a media profile corresponding to the web media. 
     At block  614 , the web media is rewound. For example, the web roll may be rewound to an accurate beginning location to compensate for any rotations of blank media performed during operations discussed herein to obtain the remaining length of the web media. 
     At block  618 , information is displayed on a user interface. For example, a notification is caused to be presented on a user interface about the remaining length of web media of the web media roll. For another example, a notification is caused to be presented on the user interface indicating that the print job is greater than the remaining length of web media of the web media roll when the length of the print job is greater than the remaining length of web media of the web media roll. Other displayable information may include determined media attributes, environment condition classifications, a number of print jobs, a printhead-to-media spacing, a number of rotations until the core is reached by the sensor, and/or any other information discussed herein. 
     At block  620 , a print job is enabled to occur when the remaining length of web media of the web media roll is greater than the length of a print job. If the remaining length of the web media roll is less than the length of the print job, then the print job may be cancelled or paused and the user notified of such via a user interface. 
     At block  622 , a printhead carriage or a platen is caused to be moved to a printhead-to-media spacing corresponding to the thickness of the web media. For example, if the thickness determined at block  612  is greater than the current printhead-to-media spacing, the print apparatus may cause a media handling component or a component of the fluid ejection system to move to accommodate the thickness of the media. 
     At block  624 , a printing operation to print on the media is performed. The printing operation may begin with the media roll in the first position when the sensor obtained distance data at block  604 . The core hub may be caused to rotate the media holder as a print area of the web media is guided to a print zone of the print apparatus in preparation to receive print fluid as ejected by a fluid ejection system. A plurality of print jobs may be caused to be printed. For example, the remaining length of web media may be compared to a cumulative amount of media to complete a queue of print jobs and the plurality of print jobs may be printed when the remaining length of the web media is greater than a cumulative media length of the plurality of print jobs. If the remaining length of the web media is less than a cumulative media length of the plurality of print jobs, a notification may be presented via user interface indicating that there is insufficient media to complete all the remaining print jobs and some or all of the print jobs may be cancelled or paused. In this manner, the user of a print apparatus may make determinations of which media rolls are capable of handling a print job (or multiple print jobs) and exchange out media rolls that are unable to accommodate the entirety of a print job. A user may also be able to confidently utilize used media rolls by, via the systems discussed herein, providing the remaining length of the web media and/or providing the comparison of the remaining length to the expected length of a print job via the user interface. 
     Although the flow diagrams of  FIGS. 4-6  illustrate specific orders of execution, the order of execution may differ from that which is illustrated. For example, the order of execution of the blocks may be scrambled relative to the order shown. Also, the blocks shown in succession may be executed concurrently or with partial concurrence. All such variations are within the scope of the present description. 
     All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the elements of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or elements are mutually exclusive. 
     The terms “include,” “have,” and variations thereof, as used herein, mean the same as the term “comprise” or appropriate variation thereof. Furthermore, the term “based on,” as used herein, means “based at least in part on.” Thus, a feature that is described as based on some stimulus may be based only on the stimulus or a combination of stimuli including the stimulus. 
     The present description has been shown and described with reference to the foregoing examples. It is understood, however, that other forms, details, and examples may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the following claims. The use of the words “first,” “second,” or related terms in the claims are not used to limit the claim elements to an order or location, but are merely used to distinguish separate claim elements.