Patent Publication Number: US-7721494-B2

Title: Strengthening device to increase strength of grout layer

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
   The present application is based on, and claims priority from, Korean Application Number 2004-70810 filed Sep. 6, 2004, and Korean Application Number 2005-49904 filed Jun. 10, 2005, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   1. Field of the Invention 
   The present invention relates to a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer, placed on a concrete base for keeping a structural safety of an upper structure, and more particularly to a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer, which improves a structural safety of an upper structure by fastening the grout layer placed on a concrete base to give a restraining force thereto so that a failure of the grout layer due to loads transferred from the upper structure such as a column member or a bridge bearing installed on the grout layer may be prevented or minimized. 
   2. Description of the Related Art 
   As is well known in the art, a grout layer is placed on a concrete base to act for adjusting a vertical position and a horizontal state of an upper structure so that the upper structure such a column member or a bridge bearing may be installed on the concrete base. 
   In addition, in the case that the upper structure is a column member, the grout layer plays another role of distributing vertical load F (see  FIG. 1 ) and moment load M 1  and M 2  (see  FIG. 1 ) transferred through a column of the column member. 
   Thus, such a grout layer should have sufficient strength to resist bearing failure or edge failure. 
   In the case where the upper structure is a column member for example, the grout layer formed on a concrete base by placing non-shrinkage mortar at a position right below the column of the column member provides a bearing strength sufficiently resisting against a vertical load F (see  FIG. 1 ) and a moment load M 1  and M 2  (see  FIG. 1 ) transferred down through the column. 
   However, since an edge of the grout layer has no restraining force applied inward from the outline, the strength of the edge against the moment load is relatively weaker than that against the vertical load. 
   For example, if a large moment load M 1  or M 2  (see  FIG. 1 ) is applied to a column member, or an upper structure installed on the grout layer, due to wind or earthquake, a great bearing stress is generated at the edge and corner of a base plate of the column member installed on the grout layer due to rotation of the base plate. 
   The excessive bearing stress generated along the edge or the corner of the grout layer becomes a fatal factor of crack or failure on the grout layer unless a restraining force is applied inward (or, toward a center) from an outline of the grout layer. 
   As a result, moment loads repeatedly applied to the upper structure such as a column member may break down the grout layer easily. 
   In addition, this phenomenon makes it difficult that loads transferred from the upper structure are distributed to the concrete base, resulting in deteriorated structural safety of the grout layer as well as the upper structure such as a column member or a bridge bearing installed thereon. 
   Accordingly, there has been needed a technique for a strengthening device (or, a reinforcing device) to increase the strength of a grout layer, which may surround and clamp an outline of a grout layer on a concrete base on which an upper structure such as a column member or a bridge bearing is installed so as to improve the safety of the grout layer as well as an upper structure installed thereon, so that the strength of the grout layer, particularly bearing strength at its edge or corner may be enhanced. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art. 
   An object of the present invention is to provide a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer, which improves a structural safety of an upper structure by effectively preventing or minimizing a failure of the grout layer due to vertical load and moment load transferred from the upper structure, such as a column member or a bridge bearing. 
   Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. 
   To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, there is provided a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer, which includes: clamp members interconnected and clamped to surround a grout layer on a concrete base on which an upper structure is installed, so as to increase the strength of the grout layer; connection members provided to edges of the clamp members to connect the clamp members; and fastening means fastened between the connection members in order to enable the clamp members to clamp the grout layer. 
   The clamp members may respectively have a curved shape so as to clamp the grout layer with forming a circular looped section. 
   As an alternative, the clamp members may respectively have a linear shape bent at a right angle or at an obtuse angle so as to clamp the grout layer with forming a polygonal looped section. 
   In addition, the clamp members may be made of steel material or fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). 
   Further, the connection members may be formed to be integrally bent from edges of the clamp members respectively, and each of the connection members has a fastening hole into which each of the fastening means is fastened. 
   Furthermore, the fastening means may be composed of a bolt and a nut, which are fastened through a fastening hole of each connection member so as to allow the grout layer to be clamped by the clamp members. 
   Meanwhile, the strengthening device may further include grout blocking members provided between the connection members and the grout layer so as to prevent grout from leaking out through a gap between the connection members. 
   At this time, the grout blocking members are preferably used when grout is placed and have a plate shape made of steel material or FRP in correspondence with a shape of the clamp members, and the grout blocking members are preferably provided separately from the clamp members. 
   In addition, the grout blocking member may additionally have a hook hanging on the clamp member. 
   In particular, the strengthening device may further include a grout layer leveling means provided to the clamp member. 
   At this time, the grout layer leveling means may have a leveling scale integrally formed on at least one point of an inner wall of the clamp member. 
   In addition, the strengthening device may further include a clamp member leveling means for adjusting a level state of the clamp members themselves placed on the concrete base. 
   At this time, the clamp member leveling means may have a leveling bolt fastened into a plurality of screw grooves formed in bottoms of the clamp members or with screw holes formed in a plurality of brackets installed to outer walls of the clamp members. 
   It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings: 
       FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to a first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 2   a  is a plan view illustrating an operation state of a strengthening device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a looped section of the strengthening device is formed in a circular shape; 
       FIG. 2   b  is a plan view illustrating an operation state of a strengthening device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a looped section of the strengthening device is formed in a quadrangular shape; 
       FIG. 3   a  is an exploded perspective view of the strengthening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 3   b  is an assembled perspective view of the strengthening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 4  is a perspective view illustrating a modification of the strengthening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5   a  is a perspective view illustrating an operation state of the strengthening device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIG. 5   b  is a perspective view illustrating a modification of the strengthening device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
       FIGS. 6   a  and  6   b  are plan views of the strengthening devices shown in  FIGS. 5   a  and  5   b , respectively; 
       FIG. 7   a  is a perspective view of a strengthening device having a grout layer leveling unit according to the present invention; 
       FIG. 7   b  is a front sectional elevation view taken along line A-A′ of  FIG. 7   a , showing a leveled state of the grout layer; 
       FIG. 8   a  is a perspective view of a leveling bolt coupling to a clamp member in a strengthening device having a clamp member leveling unit according to the present invention; and 
       FIG. 8   b  is a perspective view of a leveling bolt coupled to a bracket of the clamp member according to the present invention. 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
   Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. 
     FIG. 1  shows a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer in a used state according to a first embodiment of the present invention,  FIG. 2   a  shows operation of the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the present invention, and  FIG. 2   b  shows operation of the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to a second embodiment. 
   First, the operation principle of the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the present invention is described with reference to  FIGS. 1 ,  2   a  and  2   b.    
   As shown in  FIG. 1 , non-shrinkage mortar is placed on a concrete base  12  to form a grout layer  10 , and an anchor bolt  14  installed in construction of the concrete base  12  is protruded through the grout layer  10 . 
   Accordingly, in case that an upper structure is a column member  16  as shown in  FIG. 1 , a base plate  16   a  adhered to the lower end of a column  16   b  is combined to the anchor bolt  14  by means of a nut  14   a , so that the column member  16  of the upper structure mentioned above is installed on the grout layer  10 . 
   At this time, a vertical load ‘F’ transferred down from an upper structure such as a bridge bearing (not shown) or the column member  16  shown in  FIG. 1  is focused on a portion ‘A’ (see  FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b ) of the grout layer just below the upper structure. In this case, the grout layer  10  keeps good strength against the vertical load, thereby preventing cracks from being generated in the grout layer  10 . 
   However, if wind or earthquake gives an influence on the column member  16  that is an upper structure installed on the grout layer  10  in  FIG. 1  so that a large moment load ‘M 1 ’ or ‘M 2 ’ is applied to the column  16   b , a large bearing stress is generated at edges and corners ‘B’ (see  FIGS. 2   a  and  2   b ) of the grout layer  10  under the base plate  16   a.    
   Thus, without the strengthening device of the present invention, a restraining force is not applied inward from an outline of the grout layer, so the grout layer is apt to be easily cracked or failed above the ‘B’ portions. 
   However, as shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  2   a , and  2   b , the strengthening device  1   a  or  1   b  to increase the strength of a grout layer surrounds and clamps (or, compresses) the grout layer  10  to give a restricting force inward (toward a center) from the outline of the grout layer, thereby increasing a bearing strength. Thus, it is possible to effectively prevent or at least minimize failures of the grout layer, particularly at outline, edges or corners of the grout layer caused by the vertical load F and moment load M 1  or M 2  transferred through the upper structure. 
   Accordingly, the strengthening device of the present invention may ensure structural safety of the grout layer  10  as well as the upper structure such as a column member or a bridge bearing installed thereon. 
   That is to say, the strengthening devices  1   a  and  1   b  to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention surround and clamp the grout layer  10  in a closely contacted state as shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  2   a , and  2   b , thereby capable of maximizing a bearing strength of the ‘B’ portion of the grout layer  10 , which has weak strength. 
   Meanwhile, as shown in  FIG. 2   a , the strengthening device  1   a  to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the first embodiment configures a circular looped section by means of clamp members  20  assembled into a circular shape. Thus, hoop tension in the clamp members  20  applies regular clamping force (or, restraining force), expressed by arrows, to the grout layer. Thus, this strengthening device  1   a  is most preferable to increase a bearing strength. 
   In addition, the strengthening device  1   b  to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the second embodiment of the present invention configures a quadrangular looped section as shown in  FIG. 2   b . At this time, a restraining force (see arrows in  FIG. 2   b ) applied to the grout layer by the strengthening device  1   b  is less regular as a whole than that by the strengthening device  1   a  of the first embodiment. Thus, the strengthening device  1   b  of the second embodiment is not so efficient to increase a bearing strength of the grout layer. However, considering that the upper structure is mostly a column member with an H-shaped section and a base plate at its lower end has a quadrangular shape, the strengthening device  1   b  is advantageous in aspect of space utilization. 
   Thus, the strengthening devices  1   a  and  1   b  of the first and second embodiments may be selectively used in consideration of the shape of the upper structure and the strength of the grout layer. 
   Meanwhile, reference numerals shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  2   a , and  2   b , to denote various components will be fully described later in detail with reference to  FIGS. 3   a  to  5   b.    
   Now, the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the present invention may have following modifications. In the modifications, basic components are substantially identical to the first and second embodiments and denoted by the same reference numerals, except that the clamp member  20  has a circular or a quadrangular (or, polygonal) shape. 
   First,  FIGS. 3   a ,  3   b , and  4  show the strengthening device  1   a  of the first embodiment and its modification  1   a′.    
   That is, as shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b , the strengthening device  1   a  of the first embodiment may include a plurality of clamp members  20 , which are interconnected to form a circular looped section and provided to substantially surround and clamp the grout layer  10 , clamp member connection members  30  each of which is provided to one end of the clamp member  20  integrally, and clamp member fastening means  40  combined to the connection members  30  to enable the clamp members to clamp the grout layer  10 . 
   At this time, the clamp members  20  may have a semispherical or curved shape so as to form the circular looped section that clamps the grout layer  10 . 
   In addition, the clamp member  20  may have a predetermined thickness of about 5 to 10 mm in order to keep its strength. This thickness range is selected in consideration of weight for carriage and handling, but not limitedly. 
   However, in case that the clamp members  20  forming a circular looped section as shown in  FIG. 2   a  are used, the restraining force is uniformly applied to the grout layer  10 . Thus, it is possible to increase a bearing strength of the grout layer  10  by using two semicircular clamp members  20  that form a circular looped section as a whole. 
   In addition, the clamp member  20  may be made of steel material or other synthetic resin with good strength such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic). 
   For example, the clamp member is preferably made of steel material in aspect of strength. However, synthetic resin allows reduced production costs and easy mass production by means of molding. Nowadays, synthetic resin may also have sufficient clamping strength along with technical development, so it is also possible to make the clamp member with FRP having strength beyond a certain level by means of injection molding. 
   At this time, since FRP does not cause corrosion, FRP can also advantageously prevent corrosion-induced strength deterioration in long time use. In addition, owing to small weight, FRP allows the clamp member to be handled more easily when carried or manipulated. 
   As shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b , the connection member  30  of the present invention is formed by being integrally bent from the edge of the clamp member  20 . Such a connection member  30  has a fastening hole  32  into which each of the fastening means  40  are fastened. 
   At this time, the fastening hole  32  may be a screw hole into which a bolt  42  of the fastening means  40 , described later, is screwed. 
   The fastening means  40  of the present invention includes a bolt  42  and a nut  44 , which are fastened through the fastening hole  32  of the connection member  30  so as to increase clamping and bearing strength of the grout layer by the clamp member. 
   At this time, the nut  44  gives a function to substantially adjust a gap ‘G’ (see  FIG. 3   b ) between the connection members  30 . 
   Thus, as shown in  FIG. 3   b , the bolt and the nut acting as the fastening means  40  are fastened between the connection members  30  at edges of two clamp members  20  that have a circular looped section surrounding the grout layer  10 . Then, if the nut  44  is turned, the gap ‘G’ between the connection members  30  is narrowed. 
   At this time, the grout layer  10  whose outline is clamped by the clamp members  20  is compressed so that its bearing strength is reinforced in a restraining direction shown by arrows in  FIG. 2   a.    
   As shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b , a grout blocking member  50  is preferably provided between the inside of the connection member  30  and the grout layer  10  in order to prevent grout from leaking out through the gap ‘G’ between the connection members  30 . 
   At this time, in case that the strengthening device  1   a  of the present invention acts as a mold when grout is placed, the grout blocking member  50  prevents the grout from leaking out through the gap ‘G’ between the connection members  30 . 
   For example, the grout blocking member  50  prevents grout from leaking out through the gap ‘G’ between the connection members  30  in case that the strengthening device  1   a  of the first embodiment is positioned on the concrete base  12 , the fastening means are fastened, and the grout surrounded by the clamp members  20  is placed therein. 
   However, if grout is leaked out through the gap ‘G’ between the clamp member connection members  30 , the leaked grout disturbs the fastening means  40  in fastening the clamp members  20 , resultantly making it difficult to increase a bearing strength of the grout layer  10  by compression. Thus, the grout blocking member  50  is very useful to solve this problem. 
   Meanwhile, in case that the strengthening device of the present invention is used for a grout layer  10  that is completely cured, there is substantially no possibility that grout leaks out through the gap between the connection members  30 . Thus, the grout blocking member  50  is more useful when the strengthening device of the present invention is used as a mold when grout is placed. 
   At this time, the grout blocking member  50  may be made of the same material as the clamp member  20 , for example steel material or FRP. In this case, the grout blocking member  50  may not have the same thickness as the clamp member  20 . 
   In addition, such a grout blocking member  50  is just positioned between the clamp member  20  and the grout, but not directly attached to the clamp member  20 . If directly attached to the clamp member  20 , the grout blocking member  50  may disturb the clamping action of the clamp member  20 . 
     FIG. 4  shows a modification of the strengthening device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A strengthening device  1   a ′ modified from the first embodiment is configured so that a hook  52  is integrally formed on the grout blocking member  50  to be hanged on the clamp member  20 . 
   Thus, the grout blocking member  50  of  FIG. 4  may be used in a more convenient way than that of the first embodiment. 
   In addition, the grout blocking member  50  of a plate shape as shown in  FIGS. 3   a  and  3   b  and the grout blocking member  50  provided with the hook  52  as shown in  FIG. 4  may be applied to the second embodiment and its modifications as they are. 
     FIG. 5   a  is a perspective view showing that the strengthening device  1   b  to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the second embodiment of the present invention as shown in  FIG. 2   b  is actually used. 
   At this time, as shown in  FIG. 5   a , the strengthening device  1   b  of the second embodiment includes the clamp members  20 , the connection members  30 , the fastening means  40  and the grout blocking members  50  identically to the strengthening device  1   a  of the first embodiment, but the clamp members  20  configure a quadrangular looped section. 
   Thus, the strengthening device  1   b  of the second embodiment may be used for increasing the strength of the grout layer  10  while minimizing a space for an upper structure in case that the upper structure is a column member  16  with a quadrangular base plate  16   a  (see  FIG. 1 ) or a bridge bearing (not shown) with a quadrangular base plate. 
   In the strengthening device  1   b  of the second embodiment, the clamp member  20  may have an angled U-shape so that two clamp members may form a quadrangular looped shape as a whole. 
   In addition, though not shown in the drawings, it is also possible that the clamp members have a linear shape bent at a right angle or an obtuse angle so as to increase a bearing strength by surrounding and compressing the grout layer while forming a polygonal looped section. 
     FIG. 5   b  shows a modification  1   b ′ of the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
   At this time, the strengthening device  1   b ′ modified from the second embodiment is configured in a quadrangular shape as a whole, but has an increased number of the clamp members  20 . That is, four clamp members  20  are used to further increase a bearing strength of the grout layer  10 . 
   That is to say, in the strengthening device  1   b  as shown in  FIG. 6   a  in which the connection members  30  are arranged right and left and two clamp members  20  are used to increase the strength of the grout layer  10 , when the connection members  30  are fastened using the fastening means  40 , a restraining force compressing the grout layer  10  is actually applied only in left and right sides (see arrows in  FIG. 6   a ). 
   However, in case that four connection members  30  are arranged in right, left, front and rear sides and four clamp members  20  compress the grout layer  10  in total so that their gaps may be adjusted by means of the fastening means  40  as shown in  FIG. 6   b , a restraining force is applied in four directions of the grout layer  10  (see arrows in  FIG. 6   b ), so the bearing strength of the grout layer  10  may be further reinforced rather than the case of  FIG. 6   a.    
   Thus, the strengthening device  1   b ′ shown in  FIG. 6   b  may be more preferably used for a grout layer requiring increased bearing strength in four directions of the grout layer, though it has somewhat complex configuration and gives some difficulty in assembling. 
   Meanwhile, if the number of installed clamp members  20  is increased, the weight of a unit clamp member is decreased, thereby facilitating easy carriage and handling of a unit clamp member. 
     FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  show a strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the present invention, which is provided with grout layer leveling means. 
   That is, as shown in  FIG. 7   a , a plurality of the grout layer leveling means  60  are provided on the inner wall of the clamp member  20 . 
   At this time, the grout layer leveling means  60  may be a plurality of leveling scales provided on the inner wall of the clamp member  20 . 
   Thus, as shown in  FIG. 7   b , the grout layer leveling means  60  enables to check whether a horizontal leveled state of the grout layer  10  is constant, in case that the strengthening device of the third embodiment of the present invention is positioned on the concrete base  12 , a mold is provided by connecting the connection members  30  by means of the fastening means  40 , and then grout is placed therein to form the grout layer  10 . 
   Resultantly, the grout layer leveling means  60  of the present invention makes it possible to keep a horizontal level of the grout level constantly with using the strengthening device as a mold when grout is placed, thereby allowing easy construction of the grout layer  10 . 
   Of course, when the strengthening device provided with the grout layer leveling means  60  is used, it should be assumed that the surface of the concrete base on which the grout layer is formed is already leveled. 
   At this time, as shown in  FIG. 7   b , the height of the clamp member  20  should be larger than the height (or, the vertical thickness) of the grout layer  10  in order to use the grout layer leveling means  60 . Preferably, the height T of the grout layer  10  is about ⅘ of the height T′ of the clamp member  20 . 
   Meanwhile, though it is shown in  FIG. 7   a  that the grout layer leveling means  60  is provided to a circular clamp member  20 , it is also possible that the grout layer leveling means  60  is applied to the quadrangular clamp member  20 . 
     FIGS. 8   a  and  8   b  show a strengthening device provided with a clamp member leveling means  70  that enables to adjust a level of the clamp member  20  itself. 
   That is to say, the clamp member leveling means  70  makes it possible to adjust a horizontal leveled state of the clamp members  20  themselves that are placed on the concrete base  12  and have circular or quadrangular looped sections. It is because a horizontal leveled state of the clamp member is not always uniform on the concrete base. 
   Thus, when the strengthening device of the present invention is applied so that the clamp members  20  provided with the grout layer leveling means  60  as shown in  FIGS. 7   a  and  7   b  are adjusted at a uniform horizontal level on the concrete base by means of the clamp member leveling means  70  as shown in  FIGS. 8   a  and  8   b , the grout layer may be arranged at a more accurate horizontal level as a whole, more preferably. 
   Meanwhile, the clamp member leveling means may be provided in two types. 
   For example, as shown in  FIG. 8   a , the clamp member leveling means  70  of the present invention may be a leveling bolt  72  screwed into a screw groove  74  formed in a bottom of the clamp member  20  to a certain depth. 
   The clamp member leveling means  70  composed of the screw groove  74  formed in the clamp member and the leveling bolt  72  screwed into the screw groove  74  may be preferably provided to a plurality of points along the clamp members. 
   As an alternative, as shown in  FIG. 8   b , a clamp member leveling means  70  may have a leveling bolt  72  screwed into a screw hole  76   a  of a bracket  76  provided to a lower portion of the outer wall of the clamp member  20 . 
   At this time, in case that the screw groove  74  is formed in the clamp member  20 , the clamp member  20  preferably has a thickness of 5 mm or more. If the thickness of the clamp member  20  is less than 5 mm, the bracket  76  is preferably installed to the clamp member  20 . It is because such thickness of the clamp member  20  should be kept, if less than 5 mm, in order to maintain a bearing strength of the grout layer. 
   In addition, if the leveling bolt  72  is used, a small gap may be formed between the lower end of the clamp member and the concrete base, through which non-shrinkage mortar may leak out. However, this does not disturb operation of the clamp member, thereby causing no structural problem. 
   At this time, if the gap formed between the clamp member and the concrete base causes any problem, non-shrinkage mortar may be filled after the gap is sealed. 
   As a result, the grout layer leveling means  60  and the clamp member leveling means  70  shown in  FIGS. 7   a  to  8   b  can accurately keep a horizontal level of the grout layer  10  formed on the concrete base, and at the same time function to make a restraining force of the grout layer more uniform. 
   In addition, the grout layer leveling means  60  and the clamp member leveling means  70  are preferably used at the same time, if possible. It is because the grout layer may be accurately leveled horizontally when the clamp member  20  is accurately leveled horizontally, on the assumption that a horizontal level of the concrete base  12  is accurate. 
   By using the strengthening device to increase the strength of a grout layer according to the present invention, a bearing strength of the grout layer is increased, thereby making is possible to prevent or minimize crack or failure of the grout layer caused by vertical load and moment load transferred from an upper structure by means of external force such as earthquake or typhoon. 
   Accordingly, the strengthening device of the present invention can guarantee structural stability of the grout layer as well as the upper structure such as a column member or a bridge bearing installed on the grout layer. 
   As a result, the strengthening device of the present invention gives an effect of increasing life and stability of a building or a constructive structure. 
   Furthermore, the strengthening device of the present invention may play an additional role as a mold when grout is placed, so that there is no need to install or dissemble a separate mold for constructing a grout layer, thereby improving constructing ability and reducing costs. 
   It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.