Patent Publication Number: US-7219739-B2

Title: Heave compensation system for hydraulic workover

Description:
BACKGROUND 
   The present invention relates generally to offshore drilling and production operations, and, more particularly, to marine drilling workover/intervention tensioning and compensating devices and methodologies. 
   A marine riser system may be employed to provide a conduit from a floating vessel at the water surface to the blowout preventer stack or production tree, which may be connected to the wellhead at the sea floor. A tensioning system may be utilized to maintain a variable tension in the riser string alleviating the potential for compression and, in turn, buckling or failure. 
   Historically, conventional riser tensioner systems have consisted of both single and dual cylinder assemblies with a fixed cable sheave at one end of the cylinder and a movable cable sheave attached to the rod end of the cylinder. The assembly is then mounted in a position on the vessel to allow convenient routing of wire rope that is connected to a point at the fixed end and strung over the movable sheaves. A hydro/pneumatic system consisting of high pressure air over hydraulic fluid applied to the cylinder forces the rod and in turn the rod end sheave to stroke out thereby tensioning the wire rope and in turn the riser. 
   The number of tensioner units employed is based on the tension necessary to maintain support of the riser and a percentage of overpull that is dictated by met-ocean conditions, i.e., current and operational parameters including variable mud weight, and the like. 
   Normal operation of these conventional type tensioning systems have required high maintenance due to the constant motion producing wear and degradation of the wire rope members. Replacing the active working sections of the wire rope by slipping and cutting raises safety concerns for personnel and has not proven cost effective. In addition, available space for installation and the structure necessary to support the units, including weight and loads imposed, particularly in deep water applications where the tension necessary requires additional tensioners, poses difficult problems for system configurations for both new vessel designs and upgrading existing vessel designs. 
   Recent deepwater development commitments have created a need for new generation drilling vessels and production facilities requiring a plethora of new technologies and systems to operate effectively in deep water and alien/harsh environments. These new technologies include riser tensioner development where direct acting cylinders are utilized. 
   Current systems as manufactured by Hydralift employ individual cylinders arranged to connect one end to the underside of the vessel sub-structure and one end to the riser string. These direct acting cylinders are equipped with ball joint assemblies in both the rod end and cylinder end to compensate for riser angle and vessel offset. Although this arrangement is an improvement over conventional wire rope systems, there are both operational and configurational problems associated with the application and vessel interface. For example, one problem is the occurrence of rod and seal failure due to the bending induced by unequal and non-linear loading caused by vessel roll and pitch. Additionally, these systems cannot slide off of the well bore centerline to allow access to the well. For example, the crew on the oil drilling vessel is not able to access equipment on the seabed floor without having to remove and breakdown the riser string. 
   The tensioner system as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,530,430 and 6,554,072, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety, was an improvement over then-existing conventional and direct acting tensioning systems. Beyond the normal operational application to provide a means to apply variable tension to the riser, such a system provides a number of enhancements and options including vessel configuration and its operational criteria. 
   Such a tensioner system has a direct and positive impact on vessel application and operating parameters by extending the depth of the water in which such a system may be used and operational capability. In particular, such a system is adaptable to existing medium class vessels considered for upgrade by reducing the structure, space, top-side weight and complexity in wire rope routing and maintenance, while at the same time increasing the number of operations which can be performed by a given vessel equipped with such a tensioner system. 
   Additionally, such a tensioner system extends operational capabilities to deeper waters than other conventional tensioners by permitting increased tension while reducing the size and height of the vessel structure, reducing the amount of deck space required for the tensioner system, reducing the top-side weight, and increasing the oil drilling vessel&#39;s stability by lowering its center of gravity. 
   Moreover, such a tensioner system is co-linearly symmetrical with tensioning cylinders. Therefore, such a tensioner system eliminates offset and the resulting unequal loading that causes rapid rod and seal failure in some previous systems. 
   Such a tensioner is also radially arranged and may be affixed to the vessel at a single point. Therefore, such a tensioner may be conveniently installed or removed as a single unit through a rotary table opening, or disconnected and moved horizontally while still under the vessel. 
   Such a tensioner system further offers operational advantages over conventional methodologies by providing options in riser management and current well construction techniques. Applications of the basic module design are not limited to drilling risers and floating drilling vessels. Such a system further provides cost and operational effective solutions in well servicing/workover, intervention and production riser applications. These applications include all floating production facilities including, tension leg platform (T.L.P.) floating production facility (F.P.F.) and production spar variants. Such a system, when installed, provides an effective solution to tensioning requirements and operating parameters including improving safety by eliminating the need for personnel to slip and cut tensioner wires with the riser suspended in the vessel moon pool. An integral control and data acquisition system provides operating parameters to a central processor system which provides supervisory control. 
   However, such a tensioner system, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,530,430 and 6,554,072, has the drawback that the manifold therein requires at least two radial fluid bands, wherein at least one of the at least two radial fluid bands is in communication with each of the tensioning cylinders therein, so that individual control of each tensioning cylinder separately is not possible in such a tensioner system. In addition, the rod ends of the tensioning cylinders are required to communicate with flexjoint bearings, adding to the complexity and expense of such a tensioner system. 
   Hydraulic workover (HWO) units are conventionally rigged up either in a non-compensated fashion (rigged up and connected to the rig floor by pipe slips), or in a motion compensated system by using the drill rig&#39;s own compensation system, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 1 . For motion compensation, the HWO units can be rigged up in a tension lift frame assembly similar to the way coiled tubing injectors are rigged up. The tension lift frame may be connected to the top drive, as indicated at  100 , and is motion compensated through the drill line&#39;s own compensation system. However, this leaves the HWO unit occupying valuable real estate above and/or on the rig floor, increases the overall height above the rig floor, which increases the danger potentially posed by objects that may fall from above the rig floor, and ties up the rig block. 
   SUMMARY 
   The present invention relates generally to offshore drilling and production operations, and, more particularly, to marine drilling workover/intervention tensioning and compensating devices and methods that overcome or at least minimize some of the drawbacks of prior art marine drilling workover/intervention tensioning and compensating devices and methods. 
   A heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system is provided comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system comprising at least one mandrel, at least one flexjoint swivel assembly in communication with the at least one mandrel, at least one manifold in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly, the at least one manifold having a first radial fluid band and a second radial fluid band, a plurality of tensioning cylinders each having an upper blind end, a lower rod end, and at least one transfer tubing, the upper blind end being in communication with the first radial fluid band, the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base in communication with the bearing joint, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed beneath a rig floor and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel to the rig floor through a rotary table disposed in the rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a well intervention apparatus disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system beneath the rig floor, the well intervention apparatus capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string. 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover system may also comprise a blow-out pressure system disposed in a frame system beneath the well intervention apparatus. The blow-out pressure system may also optionally be disposed at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. In various aspects, the well intervention apparatus comprises at least one of a hydraulic workover device, a hydraulic jacking system, a coiled tubing apparatus, a wireline device, a slickline device, and an electric line. 
   Methods of using a heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system are provided, the methods comprising providing a heave compensated hydraulic workover system comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system comprising at least one mandrel, at least one flexjoint swivel assembly in communication with the at least one mandrel, at least one manifold in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly, the at least one manifold having a first radial fluid band and a second radial fluid band, a plurality of tensioning cylinders each having an upper blind end, a lower rod end, and at least one transfer tubing, the upper blind end being in communication with the first radial fluid band, the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base in communication with the bearing joint, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed beneath a rig floor and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel to the rig floor through a rotary table disposed in the rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a well intervention apparatus disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system beneath the rig floor, the well intervention apparatus capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string. 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover system may also comprise a blow-out pressure system disposed in a frame system beneath the well intervention apparatus. The blow-out pressure system may also optionally be disposed at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. In various aspects, the well intervention apparatus comprises at least one of a hydraulic workover device, a hydraulic jacking system, a coiled tubing apparatus, a wireline device, a slickline device, and an electric line. The methods also comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover system to intervene with and operate on the at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string. 
   In one aspect, a heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system is provided comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system comprising at least one mandrel, at least one flexjoint swivel assembly in communication with the at least one mandrel, at least one manifold in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly, the at least one manifold having a first radial fluid band and a second radial fluid band, a plurality of tensioning cylinders each having an upper blind end, a lower rod end, and at least one transfer tubing, the upper blind end being in communication with the first radial fluid band, the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base in communication with the bearing joint, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed beneath a rig floor and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel to the rig floor through a rotary table disposed in the rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a hydraulic jacking system comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic jacking system having a first portion and a second portion, the hydraulic jacking system disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system beneath the rig floor and stationary/rotary slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to one of the first portion and the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises traveling slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the one of the first portion and the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system not connected to the stationary/rotary slips and a telescoping guide system disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the traveling slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. The heave compensated hydraulic workover system also comprises a blow-out pressure system disposed in a frame system beneath the well intervention apparatus and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. 
   In another aspect, a heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system is provided comprising stationary/rotary slips having an upper portion and a lower portion, the stationary/rotary slips adapted to be connected to the rig floor through a rotary table disposed in the rig floor and a hydraulic jacking system comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic jacking system having a first portion connected to the stationary/rotary slips and a second portion, the hydraulic jacking system disposed beneath the rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed external to the hydraulic jacking system and connected to the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system comprising at least one mandrel, at least one flexjoint swivel assembly in communication with the at least one mandrel, at least one manifold in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly, the at least one manifold having a first radial fluid band and a second radial fluid band, a plurality of tensioning cylinders each having an upper blind end, a lower rod end, and at least one transfer tubing, the upper blind end being in communication with the first radial fluid band, the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base in communication with the bearing joint, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed beneath a rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a rotary swivel disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system, traveling slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the rotary swivel, and a telescoping guide system disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the traveling slip. The heave compensated hydraulic workover system also comprises a blow-out pressure system disposed in a frame system beneath the well intervention apparatus and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. 
   In yet another aspect, methods for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and for moving pipe in a pipe light mode using a heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system are provided, the methods comprising providing a heave compensated hydraulic workover system comprising at least one mandrel, at least one flexjoint swivel assembly in communication with the at least one mandrel, at least one manifold in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly, the at least one manifold having a first radial fluid band and a second radial fluid band, a plurality of tensioning cylinders each having an upper blind end, a lower rod end, and at least one transfer tubing, the upper blind end being in communication with the first radial fluid band, the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base in communication with the bearing joint, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system disposed beneath a rig floor and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel to the rig floor through a rotary table disposed in the rig floor. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises a hydraulic jacking system comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders, the hydraulic jacking system having a first portion and a second portion, the hydraulic jacking system disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system beneath the rig floor and stationary/rotary slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to one of the first portion and the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system. 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system also comprises traveling slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the one of the first portion and the second portion of the hydraulic jacking system not connected to the stationary/rotary slips and a telescoping guide system disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system and connected to the traveling slips disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. The heave compensated hydraulic workover system also comprises a blow-out pressure system disposed in a frame system beneath the well intervention apparatus and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system. The methods also comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device to do at least one of running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and moving pipe in a pipe light mode. 
   The features and advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the description of the embodiments that follows. 

   
     DRAWINGS 
     The following figures form part of the present specification and are included to further demonstrate certain aspects of the present invention. The present invention may be better understood by reference to one or more of these drawings in combination with the description of embodiments presented herein. 
     Consequently, a more complete understanding of the present disclosure and advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the leftmost significant digit(s) in the reference numerals denote(s) the first figure in which the respective reference numerals appear, wherein: 
       FIG. 1  schematically illustrates a conventional motion compensated system using a drill rig&#39;s own compensation system; 
       FIG. 2  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover device and system according to various exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 3  schematically illustrates a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system useful in the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and system shown in  FIG. 2 ; 
       FIG. 4  schematically illustrates a horizontal cross-sectional view of a manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 3  taken along line  4 - 4 ; 
       FIG. 5  schematically illustrates a vertical cross-sectional view of a manifold and upper blind ends of tensioning cylinders and upper portions of transfer tubing useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 3  taken along line  5 - 5  of  FIG. 4 ; 
       FIG. 6  schematically illustrates another vertical cross-sectional view of a manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 3  taken along line  6 - 6  of  FIG. 4 ; 
       FIG. 7  schematically illustrates an exploded vertical cross-sectional view (indicated by the phantom circle  7  in  FIG. 5 ) of a radial fluid band section in the manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 3 ; 
       FIG. 8  schematically illustrates the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 3  disposed through and/or beneath a rig floor; 
       FIG. 9  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover system according to various exemplary embodiments, shown in a fully collapsed condition suitable for rig up installation through the rig floor; 
       FIG. 10  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover device according to various exemplary embodiments, showing a telescoping guide system in a collapsed state; 
       FIG. 11  schematically illustrates the telescoping guide system shown in  FIG. 10 , showing the telescoping guide system in an extended state; 
       FIG. 12  schematically illustrates stationary/rotary slips useful in the heave compensated hydraulic workover device shown in  FIG. 10 ; 
       FIG. 13  schematically illustrates two perspective views of the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and system shown in  FIGS. 2 and 9 . 
       FIG. 14  schematically illustrates the heave compensated hydraulic workover system shown in  FIG. 13  in a 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition; 
       FIG. 15  schematically illustrates the heave compensated hydraulic workover system shown in  FIG. 13  in a mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition; 
       FIG. 16  schematically illustrates the heave compensated hydraulic workover system shown in  FIG. 13  in a 4 foot (ft) “negative” heave condition; 
       FIG. 17  schematically illustrates a side-by-side comparison between the fully collapsed condition of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system, as shown in  FIG. 9 , and the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system, as shown in  FIG. 15 ; 
       FIG. 18  schematically illustrates the compensation range, showing a side-by-side comparison between the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system, as shown in  FIG. 14 , and the 4 foot (ft) “negative” heave condition  1600  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system, as shown in  FIG. 16 ; 
       FIG. 19  schematically illustrates a top view of a portion of the rig floor through which the heave compensated hydraulic workover system, as shown in  FIG. 9 , may be inserted during rig up installation; 
       FIG. 20  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover system according to various alternative exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 21  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover system according to various alternative exemplary embodiments using a rig&#39;s existing riser tensioning system; 
       FIG. 22  schematically illustrates a method for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system as shown in  FIG. 2 ; 
       FIG. 23  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover device according to various alternative exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 24  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover system according to various alternative exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 25  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover device according to various other alternative exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 26  schematically illustrates a heave compensated hydraulic workover system according to various other alternative exemplary embodiments; 
       FIG. 27  schematically illustrates a horizontal cross-sectional view of a manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder device and system shown in  FIGS. 25 and 26  taken along line  27 - 27 ; 
       FIG. 28  schematically illustrates a vertical cross-sectional view of a manifold and upper blind ends of tensioning cylinders and upper portions of transfer tubing useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 25  taken along line  28 - 28  of  FIG. 27 ; 
       FIG. 29  schematically illustrates another vertical cross-sectional view of a manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 25  taken along line  29 - 29  of  FIG. 27 ; 
       FIG. 30  schematically illustrates an exploded vertical cross-sectional view (indicated by the phantom circle  30  in  FIG. 28 ) of a radial fluid band in the manifold useful in the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 25 ; 
       FIG. 31  schematically illustrates the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system shown in  FIG. 25  disposed through and/or beneath a rig floor; 
       FIG. 32  schematically illustrates a method for intervening with and operating on at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system as shown in  FIGS. 23 and 24 ; 
       FIG. 33  schematically illustrates a method for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system as shown in  FIGS. 25 and 26 ; and 
       FIG. 34  schematically illustrates a method for intervening with and operating on at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device and/or system as shown in  FIGS. 25 and 26 . 
   

   DESCRIPTION 
   The present invention relates generally to offshore drilling and production operations, and, more particularly, to marine drilling workover/intervention tensioning and compensating devices and methodologies. 
   Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers&#39; specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 2 and 3 , a heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may comprise a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , and at least one manifold  360  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 . As shown, for example, in  FIG. 4 , the at least one manifold  360  may have a plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366  and second radial fluid band sections  365  and  367 . 
   The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may further comprise a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 3 , an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of second radial fluid band sections  365  and  367 , and the lower rod end being in communication with a bearing joint  376  that is not a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  376 . As shown, for example, in  FIG. 8 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be disposed through and/or beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary bushing slot  800  (e.g., through a rotary bushing slot that may or may not have a lock down capability) disposed in the rig floor  891 . The plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  may provide a certain amount of redundancy, a useful safety feature in the unlikely event that one or more of the tensioning cylinders  370  might cease normal operation and/or otherwise become less than fully effective. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be capable of lifting with, and/or sustaining, forces in a range of about 200,000 pounds (lbs) to about 1,500,000 pounds (lbs). In various particular illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be capable of lifting with, and/or sustaining, forces of about 400,000 pounds (lbs), 800,000 pounds (lbs), and/or 1,200,000 pounds (lbs), for example. In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be capable of moving with a speed in a range of about 1 foot per second (ft/s) to about 5 feet per second (ft/s). In various particular illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be capable of moving with a speed of about 3 feet per second (ft/s). 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 2 ,  9  and  10 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may further comprise a hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 . In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic jacking system  220  may comprise as few as about two hydraulic cylinders  230 , and in various other illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic jacking system  220  may comprise as many as about six hydraulic cylinders  230 . In various particular illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic jacking system  220  may comprise about four hydraulic cylinders  230 . Moreover, in various illustrative embodiments, one or more of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230  may have a spline torque tube disposed therein to provide a torque path to a rotary table (not shown) that may be disposed in the rig floor  891 , for example. 
   The hydraulic jacking system  220  may have a first portion  240  and a second portion  250 . The hydraulic jacking system  220  may be disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 . In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic jacking system  220  may be capable of lifting with forces in a range of about 120,000 pounds (lbs) to about 600,000 pounds (lbs), and of snubbing (or pushing) with forces in a range of about 60,000 pounds (lbs) to about 300,000 pounds (lbs). In various particular illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be capable of lifting with a force of about 200,000 pounds (lbs), and of snubbing (or pushing) with a forces of about 100,000 pounds (lbs), for example. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 2 and 10 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may further comprise stationary/rotary slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to either the first portion  240  (as shown in  FIG. 10 , for example) or the second portion  250  (as shown in  FIGS. 2 and 9 , for example) of the hydraulic jacking system  220 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may also comprise traveling slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to either the first portion  240  (as shown in  FIGS. 2 and 9 , for example) or the second portion  250  (as shown in  FIG. 10 , for example) of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , whichever of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  to which the stationary/rotary slips  255  are not connected. As shown in  FIG. 10 , for example, the traveling slips  245  may be connected to the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220  by being connected through a rotary swivel  1000 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 2 ,  10  and  11 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may also comprise a telescoping guide system  260  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the traveling slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 .  FIG. 10  shows the telescoping guide system  260  in a collapsed state, and  FIG. 11  shows the telescoping guide system  260  in an extended state, for example. The telescoping guide system  260  may be used to accommodate a disconnect with short tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 9 , a heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  may comprise the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200 , as described above, and a blow-out pressure system  270  disposed in a frame system  275  beneath the hydraulic jacking system  220  and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . The base  385  of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be incorporated into a portion of the frame system  275 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  is shown in  FIG. 9  in a fully collapsed condition  910  suitable for rig up installation through the rig floor  891 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may comprise the stationary/rotary slips  255  having an upper portion  1010  and a lower portion  1020 , the stationary/rotary slips  255  adapted to be connected to the rig floor  891  through a Kelly (or rotary) bushing slot (or lock down)  1025  slot disposed in the rig floor  891 . As shown in  FIG. 12 , for example, the stationary/rotary slips  255  bowl may have a rotary bushing insert flange  1200  adapted to be connected to the rig floor  891  through a rotary bushing lock down  1025  slot disposed in the rig floor  891 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may further comprise the hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 , as described above. The hydraulic jacking system  220  may have the first portion  240  connected to the stationary/rotary slips  255 , and the second portion  250  connected to the rotary swivel  1000 . As shown in  FIG. 12 , for example, the stationary/rotary slips  255  bowl may have a bottom flange  1210  adapted to be connected to the first portion  240  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 . The hydraulic jacking system  220  may be disposed beneath the rig floor  891 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may also comprise the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 , as described above, disposed external to the hydraulic jacking system  220  and connected to the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 . In various alternative illustrative embodiments, one or more manual screw jacks may be used instead of one or more of the tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 10 and 11 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may additionally comprise the rotary swivel  1000  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , as described above. The traveling slips  245  may also be disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the rotary swivel  1000 . The telescoping guide system  260  may be disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the traveling slips  245  and connected to the traveling slips  245 . Hydraulic tongs  1030  may be disposed above hydraulic back-ups  1040  disposed above the stationary/rotary slips  255 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 13 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  may be shown in perspective views. The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  is shown a in perspective view from below at  1300 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  is shown in a perspective view from above at  1310 . 
   In various particular illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in FIGS.  9  and  14 - 19 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  may be shown in a range of various conditions and/or states expected during normal operation. The various particular illustrative embodiments disclosed in FIGS.  9  and  14 - 19 , for example, are illustrative only, as the present invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, such as various dimensions of length and/or width, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the various particular illustrative embodiments disclosed in FIGS.  9  and  14 - 19 , for example, may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. 
     FIG. 9 , for example, shows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in the fully collapsed condition  910  suitable for rig up installation through the rig floor  891 . The mandrel  340  may have a width w in one direction, for example. As shown in  FIG. 19 , for example, showing an illustration of an available “footprint” on the rig floor  891 , this width w for the mandrel  340  in one direction may be accommodated by a dimension D 1 &gt;w in one of two directions and/or a dimension D 2  that may satisfy the condition D 2 &gt;w in the other of the two directions. 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in the collapsed condition  910 , suitable for rig up installation through the rig floor  891 , may have an overall length L 1  in various particular illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 9 . There may be a length L 2  from the top portion of the mandrel  340  to the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 . There may be a length L 3  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the first portion  240  (here also the top portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) of the hydraulic jacking system  220 . There may be a length L 4  of each of the tensioning cylinders  370 . There may be a length L 5  from the bottom portion of the tensioning cylinders  370  to the bottom portion of the frame system  275 . 
     FIG. 14 , for example, shows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in a 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400 , wherein the overall length L 1′  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400  may be about L 1′ =L 1 +10 feet (ft), for example. There may be a length L 6  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the top portion of the traveling slips  245  (here also the bottom portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ). The length L 3′  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the first portion  240  (here also the top portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) of the hydraulic jacking system  220  may be substantially the same as the length L 3  in the collapsed condition  910  shown in  FIG. 9 . The rods  235  of each of the hydraulic cylinders  230  may have been extended by about 10 feet (ft), for example. The length L 5′  from the bottom portion of the tensioning cylinders  370  to the bottom portion of the frame system  275  in the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400  may be about L 5′ =L 5 +10 feet (ft), for example. The rods  374  of each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may have been extended by about 10 feet (ft), for example. 
     FIG. 15 , for example, shows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in a mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500 , wherein the overall length L 1″  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500  may be about L 1″ =L 1′ +4 feet (ft), for example. The length L 6′  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the top portion of the traveling slips  245  (here also the bottom portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) may be about L 6′ =L 6 +4 feet (ft), for example. The length L 3″  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the first portion  240  (here also the top portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) of the hydraulic jacking system  220  may be about L 3″ =L 3′ +4 feet (ft), for example. The rods  235  of each of the hydraulic cylinders  230  may have been extended by about 10 feet (ft), for example, or about the same as in the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400  shown in  FIG. 14 . The length L 5″  from the bottom portion of the tensioning cylinders  370  to the bottom portion of the frame system  275  in the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500  may be about L 5″ =L 5′ +4 feet (ft), for example. The rods  374  of each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may have been extended by about 14 feet (ft), for example. 
     FIG. 16 , for example, shows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in a 4 foot (ft) “negative” heave condition  1600 , wherein the overall length L 1′″  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  in the 4 foot (ft) “negative” heave condition  1600  may be about L 1′″ =L 1″ +4 feet (ft), for example. The length L 6″  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the top portion of the traveling slips  245  (here also the bottom portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) may be about L 6″ =L 6′ +4 feet (ft), for example. The length L 3′″  from the bottom portion of the manifold  360 , which is also the top portion of the tensioning cylinders  370 , to the first portion  240  (here also the top portion of the telescopic guide system  260 ) of the hydraulic jacking system  220  may be about L 3′″ =L 3″ +4 feet (ft), for example. The rods  235  of each of the hydraulic cylinders  230  may have been extended by about 10 feet (ft), for example, or about the same as in both the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400  shown in  FIG. 14  and the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500  shown in  FIG. 15 . The length L 5′″  from the bottom portion of the tensioning cylinders  370  to the bottom portion of the frame system  275  in the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500  may be about L 5′″ =L 5″ +4 feet (ft), for example. The rods  374  of each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may have been extended by about 18 feet (ft), for example. 
     FIG. 17 , for example, shows a side-by-side comparison between the fully collapsed condition  910  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , as shown in  FIG. 9 , and the mid-stroke or “nominal” heave condition  1500  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , as shown in  FIG. 15 , showing a difference  1700  in overall length (L 1″ −L 1 ) of about 14 feet (ft), for example.  FIG. 18 , for example, illustrates the compensation range, showing a side-by-side comparison between the 4 foot (ft) “positive” heave condition  1400  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , as shown in  FIG. 14 , and the 4 foot (ft) “negative” heave condition  1600  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , as shown in  FIG. 16 , showing an overstroke limit  1800  of about 10 feet (ft), for example, and the range of operation  1810  of about 8 feet (ft), for example, centered about the nominal position  1820 . 
   In various alternative illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIGS. 20 and 21 , heave compensated hydraulic workover systems  2000  and  2100 , respectively, may be provided. As shown in  FIG. 20 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2000  may comprise a hydraulic compensation cylinder system  2010  instead of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  described above. The hydraulic compensation cylinder system  2010  may be partially above and/or partially below the rig floor  2050 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2000  may further comprise a hydraulic jacking system  2020 , disposed below the hydraulic compensation cylinder system  2010 , and a blow-out pressure system  2070 . The hydraulic jacking system  2020  may be connected to the blow-out pressure system  2070  and may also comprise a telescopic guide system  2060  disposed therein. 
   As shown in  FIG. 21 , the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2100  may comprise a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2110  that may be similar to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  described above. The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2110  may be disposed above, and connected to, a hydraulic jacking system  2120 , which may be similar to the hydraulic jacking system  220  of the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  described above. The hydraulic jacking system  2120  may be disposed above, and connected to, a blow-out pressure system  2170 . The blow-out pressure system  2170  may be disposed on a base  2175  that is supported by a cable and pulley system  2150  that may be part of a rig&#39;s existing riser tensioning system. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, continuous monitoring and system management may provide control of the large instantaneous loads and riser recoil/up-stroke in the event of an unplanned or emergency disconnect. Further, the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900  may be designed to operate at a 100% level with two tensioning cylinders  370  isolated, which is normal practice in tensioning system operations. 
   Referring now to  FIG. 3 , broadly, various illustrative embodiments may be directed to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  having a first tensioner end  331 , a second tensioner end  332 , a retracted position (see  FIG. 9 , for example), and an extended position (see  FIG. 16 , for example). The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may include the following sub-assemblies: at least one mandrel (or spool)  340 ; at least one flexjoint (or bearing) swivel assembly  350 ; at least one manifold assembly (or manifold)  360 ; at least one tensioning cylinder (or cylinder)  370 ; and at least one base  385 . The base  385  facilitates the communication of second tensioner end  332  to additional equipment or conduits, e.g., a riser string and/or a blow-out preventer stack  270 . In various illustrative embodiments, the base  385  may include a riser connector member  387 , for example. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may compensate for vessel offset, i.e., an offset in the vessel and/or rig position in relationship to the well bore center and the riser angle. 
   The mandrel  340  may include a first mandrel end  341 , a second mandrel end  342 , a mandrel body  343 , a hang-off joint  344 , and at least one hang-off donut  345 . The mandrel  340  may be connected to a diverter assembly (not shown), through an interface mandrel  346  having a mandrel lower connection flange  347  which may be connected to hang-off joint  344  through any method known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the mandrel lower connection flange  347  may be connected to the hand-off joint  344  through the use of bolts  348 . 
   The hang-off donut  345  may be used to interface with a hydraulic support spider frame (not shown) that is generally supported under the sub-structure of the vessel and/or platform. This may allow the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , including the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  270 , as well as the riser, to be disconnected from the wellhead and “hard hung-off” and supported within the spider frame and beams when disconnected from the diverter and/or riser assembly. This arrangement allows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , including the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  270 , as well as the riser, to be disconnected from the diverter and moved horizontally, such as via hydraulic cylinders, under the sub-structure away from the well bore, thereby allowing access to the well bore center and providing clearance for the maintenance of the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  270  and the installation and running of well interface equipment, particularly production trees and tooling packages. Hang-off donut  345  may be integral to both the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  and the manifold  360 . Alternatively, the hang-off donut  345  may be disposed along the tensioning cylinders  370 , thereby capturing the tensioning cylinders  370  so that the hang-off donut  345  may be disposed more centrally to the overall length of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  (see  FIG. 8 , for example). In this position, the hang-off donut  345  may permit transference of an axial tension load from a cylinder casing  373  of the tensioning cylinder  370  to the mandrel  340  and then directly to the rig structure (not shown). 
   The second mandrel end  342  is in communication with the flexjoint swivel assembly (or bearing swivel assembly)  350 . The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  includes a first (upper) flexjoint end  351 , a second (lower) flexjoint end  352 , and a housing  353  having at least one swivel member, e.g., bearings, which may be disposed within housing  353 . The swivel members of the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  permit rotational movement of the manifold  360 , the tensioning cylinders  370 , and the base  385  in the direction of arrows  358 ,  359  and arrows  310 ,  312 . This arrangement allows for mandrel  340  to be locked into a connector (not shown) or the rig floor  891  (see  FIG. 8 , for example) supported under the diverter housing (not shown) that maintains the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  and/or riser (not shown) in a locked, static position, while allowing the tensioning cylinders  370  and the base  385  to rotate. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may provide angular movement of about 15 degrees over about 360 degrees compensating for riser angle and vessel offset. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be any shape or size desired or necessary to permit movement of the manifold assembly  360 , the tensioning cylinders  370 , and/or the base  385  to a maximum of about 15 degrees angular movement in any direction over about 360 degrees. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be cylindrically shaped. 
   The second (lower) flexjoint end  352  may be in communication with the manifold  360  (discussed in greater detail below) through any method or device known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, e.g., a mechanical connector and/or bolts  348 . In various illustrative embodiments, the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be integral with the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  permits the manifold  360 , and, thus, the mounted tensioning cylinders  370 , to move in the direction of the arrows  358 ,  359  when in tension, thereby minimizing the potential of inducing axial torque and/or imposing bending forces on the mounted tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   While the manifold  360  may be fabricated from a solid piece of material, e.g., stainless steel, in various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 5 , the manifold  360  may also be fabricated from two separate pieces, or sections, of material, an upper manifold section  560  and a lower manifold section  565 . The manifold  360  may also be a welded fabrication of plate or fabricated from one or more castings. 
   As illustrated in more detail in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , for example, the manifold  360  may include a top surface  361 , a bottom surface  362 , a manifold body  363 , and bearing landing flange  468 . The top surface  361  of the manifold  360  may include at least one control interface  364  (see  FIGS. 3 and 5 , for example). The control interface  364  may be in communication with at least one of the tensioning cylinders  370  and at least one control source (not shown), e.g., through the use of gooseneck hose assemblies known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. Examples of suitable control sources may include, but are not limited to, atmospheric pressure, accumulators, air pressure vessels (A.P.V.&#39;s), and hoses for connecting the gooseneck hose assembly to the accumulator and air pressure vessel. As shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , for example, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may include at least two control interfaces  364  and six tensioning cylinders  370 . In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may include the same number of control interfaces  364  and tensioning cylinders  370 , with one control interface  364  provided for each of the tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   The control interface  364  permits pressure, e.g., pneumatic and/or hydraulic pressure, to be exerted from the control source, through the control interface  364 , through a sub-seal (or seal sub)  369 , into the manifold  360 , into and through a radial fluid band section, e.g.,  365 ,  366 ,  367 , and into one of the tensioning cylinders  370  to provide tension to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  as discussed in greater detail below and to move the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  from the retracted position to the extended position and vice versa. It is to be understood that only one control interface  364  may be required, although more than one control source  364  may be employed. Further, it is to be understood that one control interface  364  may be utilized to facilitate communication between all radial bands sections, e.g.,  365 ,  366 ,  367 , and the control source. 
   In various particular illustrative embodiments, the control interface  364  may not be required to be in communication with the radial fluid band section  366 . In various particular illustrative embodiments, the radial fluid band section  366  may be opened to the atmosphere and/or may be blocked by a cover  315 . 
   The manifold  360  may include at least two, and optionally three or more, radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367 , separated into sections by section dividers  400 . Each of the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367 , may interface with respective blind ends  371  and/or transfer tubing  375  of at least one tensioning cylinder  370  via a respective sub-seal  369  that intersects one of the fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367 , thereby providing isolated and/or partially common conduits to the transfer tubing  375  and/or the blind end  371  of each tensioning cylinder  370 . As further shown in  FIG. 5 , for example, the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  may include two upper radial band sections  365 ,  367  and one lower radial band section  366 . Alternatively, the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  of the manifold  360  may be arranged with two radial fluid band sections, e.g.,  365 ,  367 , machined below the other radial fluid band section, e.g.,  366 . In still other illustrative embodiments, the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  may be machined substantially co-planar to each other. 
   It is to be understood that one or more of the radial fluid band sections, e.g.,  365 ,  366 ,  367 , may be in communication with either the blind end  371  and/or the transfer tubing  375 ; provided that at least one radial fluid band section is in communication with each of the blind ends  371  and the transfer tubings  375 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 5 , two of the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367  are in communication with the transfer tubing  375  and one of the radial fluid band sections  366  is in communication with the blind end  371 . 
   While each of radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  may be in communication with one or more of the control interfaces  364 , as shown in  FIG. 5 , the at least one radial fluid band section in communication with the blind end  371  (one of the radial fluid band sections  366  as shown in  FIG. 5 ), may be filled with inert gas at a slight pressure above atmospheric pressure and/or it may be opened to the atmosphere to provide the required pressure differential into cylinder cavity  578 . 
   Referring now to  FIGS. 4 and 7 , the creation of the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  may be accomplished by sectioning the manifold  360  into a plurality of sections by machining and/or fabricating the dividers  400 , and by machining channels  721  in the manifold body  363  to the dimensions desired and/or established for an appropriate port volume. The machined channels  721  may be profiled with a weld preparation  722  that matches preparation of a filler ring  723  that is welded  724  into the machined channel  721  in the manifold body  363 . The manifold  360  may then be face machined, sub-seal  369  counterbores may be machined, and tensioning cylinder mounting bolt holes  499  may be drilled. As shown in  FIG. 6 , for example, cross-drilled transfer ports  457  may also be drilled. This arrangement provides a neat, clean, low maintenance tensioning cylinder interface that may alleviate the need for multiple hoses and/or manifolding, although, in various illustrative embodiments, each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may require a separate control interface  364 . However, providing separate control interfaces  364  for each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may provide for desirable individual and/or independent control of each of the tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   The top surface  361  of the manifold  360  may be machined to accept the flexjoint swivel assembly  350 . The manifold ports  457  and/or dividers  400  facilitate the communication of the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  with control instrumentation, e.g., a transducer (not shown). 
   While the manifold  360  may be fabricated and/or machined in any shape, out of any material, and through any method known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, in various illustrative embodiments, the manifold  360  may be fabricated and/or machined in a sectioned radial configuration, as discussed above, out of stainless steel. 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370 , discussed in greater detail below, may be positioned on a radial center that aligns the porting, i.e., the transfer tubing  375  and the blind ends  371 , to the appropriate radial fluid band section  365 ,  366 ,  367 . Sub-seals (or seal subs)  369  may be provided, having resilient gaskets  511 , e.g., O-rings, which are preferably redundant, as shown in  FIG. 5 , for example, to ensure long term reliability of the connection between the control interface  364  and the manifold  360  and between the radial fluid band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367  and the transfer tubing  375  and the blind ends  371 . 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may include the blind end  371 , the rod end  372 , the cylinder casing  373 , the rod  374 , the transfer tubing  375  having a transfer tubing cavity  579 , a cylinder head  377 , and the cylinder cavity  578 . While the cylinder casing  373  may be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, the cylinder casing  373  may be formed out of carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, or aluminum. Further, the cylinder casing  373  may include a liner (not shown) inside the cylinder casing  373  that contacts the rod  374 . 
   The transfer tubing  375  may also be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. In various particular illustrative embodiments, the transfer tubing  375  may be formed out of stainless steel with a filament wound composite overlay. 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  permits vertical movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  from, and to, the retracted position, i.e., each rod  374  is moved into the respective cylinder casing  373  (see  FIG. 9 , for example). Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  also permits vertical movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  from, and to, the extended position, i.e., each rod  374  is moved from within the respective cylinder casing  373  (see, for example,  FIGS. 14-18 ). It is noted that the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may include numerous retracted positions and/or extended positions and these terms are used merely to describe the direction of movement. For example, movement from the retracted position to the extended positions means that each rod  374  is being moved from within the respective cylinder casing  373  and movement form the extended position to the retracted position means that each rod  374  is being moved into the respective cylinder casing  373 . The use of the term “fully” preceding extended and retracted is to be understood as the point at which the rod  374  can no longer be moved from within the cylinder casing  373  (“fully extended”), and the point at which the rod  374  can no longer be moved into the cylinder casing  373  (“fully retracted”). 
   The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be moved from the retracted position to the extended position, and vice versa, using any method or device known to persons skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. For example, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  may be moved from the retracted position to the extended position by gravity or by placing a downward force on a tubular using a lifting device. Alternatively, at least one control source in communication with the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  as discussed above may facilitate movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  from the extended position to the retracted position and vice versa. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 3 , for example, each cylinder rod end  372  may include a bearing joint  376  that is not a flexjoint bearing. Each bearing joint  376  may permit rotational movement of each of the tensioning cylinders  370  in the direction of arrows  358 ,  359  in a similar manner as discussed above with respect to the flexjoint swivel assembly  350 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , each bearing joint  376  may be in communication with the base  385 , and each blind end  371  may be in communication with the bottom surface  362  of the manifold  360 . The bearing joint  376  may have a range of angular motion of about +/−15 degrees to alleviate some of the potential to induce torque and/or bending forces on the cylinder rod  374 . 
   As shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4 , the blind ends  371  may be drilled with a bolt pattern to allow bolting in a compact arrangement on the bottom surface  362  of the manifold  360 . In various illustrative embodiments, a plurality of appropriately sized tensioning cylinders  370  equally spaced around the manifold  360  may be employed to produce the tension required for the specific application. The tensioning cylinders  370  may be disposed with the rod end  372  down, i.e., the rod end  372  may be closer to the base  385  than to the manifold  360 . It is to be understood, however, that one, or all, of the tensioning cylinders  370  may be disposed with the rod end  372  up, i.e., the rod end  372  may be closer to the manifold  360 . 
   Each tensioning cylinder  370  may be designed to interface with at least one control source, e.g., air pressure vessels and accumulators via transfer tubing (or piping)  375  and the manifold  360  and via the blind end  371  and the manifold  360 . However, not all of the tensioning cylinders  370  need be in communication with the at least one radial band sections  365 ,  366 ,  367 . 
   While it is to be understood that the tensioning cylinder  370  may be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, the tensioning cylinder  370  may be manufactured from a light weight material that helps to reduce the overall weight of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 , helps to eliminate friction and metal contact within the tensioning cylinder  370 , and helps reduce the potential for electrolysis and galvanic action causing corrosion. Examples may include, but are not limited to, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and titanium. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 22 , a method  2200  for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode may be provided. The method  2200  may comprise providing a device and/or system, as indicated at  2210 , the device and/or system, such as the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or system  900  described above, comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  360  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  360  having a plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366  and second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367  and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  376  that is not a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  376 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  disposed beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or system  900  may further comprise a hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  having a first portion  240  and a second portion  250 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or system  900  may also comprise stationary/rotary slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220  not connected to the stationary/rotary slips  245 , and a telescoping guide system  260  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . 
   The method  2200  for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode may further comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or system  900  to do at least one of running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and moving pipe in a pipe light mode, as indicated at  2220 . The hydraulic jacking system  220  and the hydraulic tensioning system  210  permit the compensation of the hydraulic jacking system  220  along with the tubulars manipulated and controlled by the hydraulic jacking system  220 . The method  2200  may further include providing the blow-out pressure equipment  270  (as may be provided with the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  900 , for example) so that the blow-out pressure equipment  270  may be contained in the frame system  275  and not experience substantially any tension loads, which may be substantially completely compensated for by the hydraulic tensioning system  210 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  and/or system  900  and the method  2200  may allow pipe to be moved in a pipe light mode, where the well pressure exerted on an outside diameter of the tubulars creates a force greater than the normal force from the weight of the tubulars. The tubulars may be controlled by the hydraulic jacking system  220  and/or the stationary/rotary slips  245  and/or the traveling slips  255 . Motion compensation of the tubulars during the pipe light mode may be accomplished through the hydraulic jacking system  220  and/or the hydraulic tensioning system  210 . 
   Advantageously, the rig floor  891  may be clear of the hydraulic jacking system  220 . The hydraulic cylinders  230  and associated rods may extend downward beneath the rig floor  891  rather than upward through and/or above the rig floor  891 . In other words, the rig floor  891  may become like the work basket normally associated with conventional hydraulic workover units, such as shown in  FIG. 1 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning system  210  may advantageously have a high capacity and/or a quick response, be substantially modular and/or substantially completely self-contained, be relatively simple to transport and rig up, have redundant tensioning cylinders  370 , which may be individually and/or independently controlled, have a relatively small footprint, and/or be relatively light weight. 
   In various particular illustrative embodiments, the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may advantageously accommodate about a 10 foot (ft) disconnect, about a 4 foot (ft) heave, and/or about 800,000 pounds (lbs) of force, permit remote operation from the rig floor  891 , provide remote cameras and/or a data acquisition system (DAS) that give substantially complete monitoring, substantially reduce and/or substantially eliminate bending moments, provide a fail-to-safe configuration, use proven technology, and use about a 600,000 pound (lb) hydraulic jacking system  220 , capable of working with any well pressure and/or with strings of tubulars and/or pipes with diameters in a range of about 0.75 inches (in) to about 9.625 inches (in). In various particular illustrative embodiments, the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  200  may also advantageously fit substantially flush with the rotary table and/or have minimal movement about the rig floor  891 , provide that substantially no flanges and/or equipment may be subjected to tensioning and/or bending moments, provide that substantially all equipment may be accommodated below and/or beneath the rig floor  891 , provide scalability whereby multi-sized units may use substantially similar designs, and the telescoping guide system  260  may help prevent and/or at least reduce buckling of tubulars in snubbing, and the short tensioning cylinders  370  may accommodate a disconnect, e.g., of about plus or minus 10 feet (ft), for example. 
   As shown in  FIGS. 2 ,  3 ,  23 , and  24 , for example, a heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  may be provided comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  360  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  360  having a plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366  and second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367  and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  376  that is not a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  376 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  disposed beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  may further comprise a well intervention apparatus  2320  disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 , the well intervention apparatus  2320  capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string. 
   The well intervention apparatus  2320  may further comprise at least one of a hydraulic workover device, a hydraulic jacking system  220 , a coiled tubing apparatus, a wireline device, a slickline device, and an electric line. In particular, the well intervention apparatus  2320  may further comprise at least one of the hydraulic workover device, the coiled tubing apparatus, the wireline device, the slickline device, and the electric line, and the hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  having a first portion  240  and a second portion  250 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  may also comprise stationary/rotary slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220  not connected to the stationary/rotary slips  245 , and a telescoping guide system  260  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  and connected to the traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2400  may also comprise a blow-out pressure system  2470  optionally disposed at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . 
   As shown in  FIGS. 2 ,  3 ,  25 ,  26  and  31 , for example, a heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may be provided comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  2560  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  2560  having a first radial fluid band  2566  and second radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2567 , also shown in  FIG. 27 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with the first radial fluid band  2566 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with a respective one of the second radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2567  and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  2576  that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  2576 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  disposed beneath a rig floor  891 , as shown in  FIG. 31 , for example, and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may further comprise a well intervention apparatus  2520  disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  beneath the rig floor  891 , the well intervention apparatus  2520  capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string. 
   The well intervention apparatus  2520  may further comprise at least one of a hydraulic workover device, a hydraulic jacking system  220 , a coiled tubing apparatus, a wireline device, a slickline device, and an electric line. In particular, the well intervention apparatus  2520  may further comprise at least one of the hydraulic workover device, the coiled tubing apparatus, the wireline device, the slickline device, and the electric line, and the hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  having a first portion  240  and a second portion  250 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  beneath the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may also comprise stationary/rotary slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to the one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220  not connected to the stationary/rotary slips  245 , and a telescoping guide system  260  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to the traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2600  may also comprise a blow-out pressure system  2670  optionally disposed at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 . 
   Referring now to  FIGS. 3 and 25 , broadly, various alternative illustrative embodiments may be directed to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  (similar to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,530,430 and 6,554,072, for example) having a first tensioner end  331 , a second tensioner end  332 , a retracted position (see  FIG. 9 , for example), and an extended position (see  FIG. 16 , for example). The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may include the following sub-assemblies: at least one mandrel (or spool)  340 ; at least one flexjoint (or bearing) swivel assembly  350 ; at least one manifold assembly (or manifold)  2560 ; at least one tensioning cylinder (or cylinder)  370 ; and at least one base  385 . The base  385  facilitates the communication of second tensioner end  332  to additional equipment or conduits, e.g., a riser string and/or a blow-out preventer stack  2670 . In various illustrative embodiments, the base  385  may include a riser connector member  387 , for example. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may compensate for vessel offset, i.e., an offset in the vessel and/or rig position in relationship to the well bore center and the riser angle. 
   The mandrel  340  may include a first mandrel end  341 , a second mandrel end  342 , a mandrel body  343 , a hang-off joint  344 , and at least one hang-off donut  345 . The mandrel  340  may be connected to a diverter assembly (not shown), through an interface mandrel  346  having a mandrel lower connection flange  347  which may be connected to hang-off joint  344  through any method known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 25 , the mandrel lower connection flange  347  may be connected to the hand-off joint  344  through the use of bolts  348 . 
   The hang-off donut  345  may be used to interface with a hydraulic support spider frame (not shown) that is generally supported under the sub-structure of the vessel and/or platform. This may allow the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2600 , including the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  2670 , as well as the riser, to be disconnected from the wellhead and “hard hung-off” and supported within the spider frame and beams when disconnected from the diverter and/or riser assembly. This arrangement allows the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2600 , including the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  2670 , as well as the riser, to be disconnected from the diverter and moved horizontally, such as via hydraulic cylinders, under the sub-structure away from the well bore, thereby allowing access to the well bore center and providing clearance for the maintenance of the blow-out preventer (B.O.P.) stack  2670  and the installation and running of well interface equipment, particularly production trees and tooling packages. Hang-off donut  345  may be integral to both the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  and the manifold  2560 . Alternatively, the hang-off donut  345  may be disposed along the tensioning cylinders  370 , thereby capturing the tensioning cylinders  370  so that the hang-off donut  345  may be disposed more centrally to the overall length of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  (see  FIG. 8 , for example). In this position, the hang-off donut  345  may permit transference of an axial tension load from a cylinder casing  373  of the tensioning cylinder  370  to the mandrel  340  and then directly to the rig structure (not shown). 
   The second mandrel end  342  is in communication with the flexjoint swivel assembly (or bearing swivel assembly)  350 . The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  includes a first (upper) flexjoint end  351 , a second (lower) flexjoint end  352 , and a housing  353  having at least one swivel member, e.g., bearings, which may be disposed within housing  353 . The swivel members of the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  permit rotational movement of the manifold  2560 , the tensioning cylinders  370 , and the base  385  in the direction of arrows  358 ,  359  and arrows  310 ,  312 . This arrangement allows for mandrel  340  to be locked into a connector (not shown) or the rig floor  891  (see  FIG. 8 , for example) supported under the diverter housing (not shown) that maintains the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  and/or riser (not shown) in a locked, static position, while allowing the tensioning cylinders  370  and the base  385  to rotate. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may provide angular movement of about 15 degrees over about 360 degrees compensating for riser angle and vessel offset. The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be any shape or size desired or necessary to permit movement of the manifold assembly  2560 , the tensioning cylinders  370 , and/or the base  385  to a maximum of about 15 degrees angular movement in any direction over about 360 degrees. As shown in  FIG. 25 , the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be cylindrically shaped. 
   The second (lower) flexjoint end  352  may be in communication with the manifold  2560  (discussed in greater detail below) through any method or device known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, e.g., a mechanical connector and/or bolts  348 . In various illustrative embodiments, the flexjoint swivel assembly  350  may be integral with the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 . The flexjoint swivel assembly  350  permits the manifold  2560 , and, thus, the mounted tensioning cylinders  370 , to move in the direction of the arrows  358 ,  359  when in tension, thereby minimizing the potential of inducing axial torque and/or imposing bending forces on the mounted tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   While the manifold  2560  may be fabricated from a solid piece of material, e.g., stainless steel, in various illustrative embodiments, as shown, for example, in  FIG. 27 , the manifold  2560  may also be fabricated from two separate pieces, or sections, of material, an upper manifold section  2860  and a lower manifold section  2865 . The manifold  2560  may also be a welded fabrication of plate or fabricated from one or more castings. 
   As illustrated in more detail in  FIGS. 25-29 , for example, the manifold  2560  may include a top surface  361 , a bottom surface  362 , a manifold body  363 , and bearing landing flange  468 . The top surface  361  of the manifold  2560  may include at least one control interface  364  (see  FIGS. 25 ,  26 , and  28 , for example). The control interface  364  may be in communication with at least one of the tensioning cylinders  370  and at least one control source (not shown), e.g., through the use of gooseneck hose assemblies known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. Examples of suitable control sources may include, but are not limited to, atmospheric pressure, accumulators, air pressure vessels (A.P.V.&#39;s), and hoses for connecting the gooseneck hose assembly to the accumulator and air pressure vessel. As shown in  FIGS. 25-27 , for example, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may include at least two control interfaces  364  and six tensioning cylinders  370 . In various illustrative embodiments, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may include the same number of control interfaces  364  and tensioning cylinders  370 , with one control interface  364  provided for each of the tensioning cylinders  370 . 
   The control interface  364  permits pressure, e.g., pneumatic and/or hydraulic pressure, to be exerted from the control source, through the control interface  364 , through a sub-seal (or seal sub)  369 , into the manifold  2560 , into and through a radial fluid band, e.g.,  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 , and into one of the tensioning cylinders  370  to provide tension to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  as discussed in greater detail below and to move the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  from the retracted position to the extended position and vice versa. It is to be understood that only one control interface  364  may be required, although more than one control source  364  may be employed. Further, it is to be understood that one control interface  364  may be utilized to facilitate communication between all radial bands, e.g.,  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 , and the control source. 
   In various particular illustrative embodiments, the control interface  364  may not be required to be in communication with the radial fluid band  2566 . In various particular illustrative embodiments, the radial fluid band  2566  may be opened to the atmosphere and/or may be blocked by a cover  315 . 
   The manifold  2560  may include at least two, and optionally three or more, radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 , which interface with the blind end  371  and the transfer tubing  375  of at least one tensioning cylinder  370  via sub-seals  369  that intersect the fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 , thereby providing isolated common conduits to the transfer tubing  375  and the blind end  371  of each tensioning cylinder  370 . As further shown in  FIG. 28 , for example, the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  may include two upper radial bands  2565 ,  2567  and one lower radial band  2566 . Alternatively, the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  of the manifold  2560  may be arranged with two radial fluid bands, e.g.,  2565 ,  2567 , machined below the other radial fluid band, e.g.,  2566 . In still other illustrative embodiments, the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  may be machined substantially co-planar to each other. 
   It is to be understood that one or more of the radial fluid band, e.g.,  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 , may be in communication with either the blind end  371  or the transfer tubing  375 ; provided that at least one radial fluid band is in communication with each of the blind ends  371  and the transfer tubings  375 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 28 , two of the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2567  are in communication with the transfer tubing  375  and one of the radial fluid bands  2566  is in communication with the blind end  371 . 
   While each of radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  may be in communication with one or more of the control interfaces  364 , as shown in  FIG. 28 , the at least one radial fluid band in communication with the blind end  371  (the radial fluid band  2566  as shown in  FIG. 28 ), may be filled with inert gas at a slight pressure above atmospheric pressure or it may be opened to the atmosphere to provide the required pressure differential into the cylinder cavity  578 . 
   Referring now to  FIGS. 28 and 30 , the creation of the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  may be accomplished by machining channels  721  in the manifold body  363  to the dimensions desired and/or established for an appropriate port volume. The machined channels  721  may be profiled with a weld preparation  722  that matches preparation of a filler ring  723  that is welded  724  into the machined channel  721  in the manifold body  363 . The manifold  2560  may then be face machined, sub-seal  369  counterbores may be machined, and tensioning cylinder mounting bolt holes  499  (see  FIG. 27 , for example) may be drilled. As shown in  FIG. 29 , for example, cross-drilled transfer ports  457  may also be drilled. This arrangement provides a neat, clean, low maintenance tensioning cylinder interface alleviating the need for multiple hoses and manifolding, i.e., each of the tensioning cylinders  370  does not require a separate control interface  364 . 
   The top surface  361  of the manifold  2560  may be machined to accept the flexjoint swivel assembly  350 . The manifold ports  457  facilitate the communication of the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  with control instrumentation, e.g., a transducer (not shown). 
   While the manifold  2560  may be fabricated and/or machined in any shape, out of any material, and through any method known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, in various illustrative embodiments, the manifold  2560  may be fabricated and machined in a radial configuration, as discussed above, out of stainless steel. 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370 , discussed in greater detail below, may be positioned on a radial center that aligns the porting, i.e., the transfer tubing  375  and the blind ends  371 , to the appropriate radial fluid band  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 . Sub-seals (or seal subs)  369  may be provided, having resilient gaskets  511 , e.g., O-rings, which are preferably redundant, as shown in  FIG. 28 , for example, to ensure long term reliability of the connection between the control interface  364  and the manifold  2560  and between the radial fluid bands  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567  and the transfer tubing  375  and the blind ends  371 . 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  may include the blind end  371 , the rod end  372 , the cylinder casing  373 , the rod  374 , the transfer tubing  375  having the transfer tubing cavity  579 , the cylinder head  377 , and the cylinder cavity  578 . While the cylinder casing  373  may be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, the cylinder casing  373  may be formed out of carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, or aluminum. Further, the cylinder casing  373  may include a liner (not shown) inside the cylinder casing  373  that contacts the rod  374 . 
   The transfer tubing  375  may also be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. In various particular illustrative embodiments, the transfer tubing  375  may be formed out of stainless steel with a filament wound composite overlay. 
   Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  permits vertical movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  from, and to, the retracted position, i.e., each rod  374  is moved into the respective cylinder casing  373  (see  FIG. 9 , for example). Each of the tensioning cylinders  370  also permits vertical movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  from, and to, the extended position, i.e., each rod  374  is moved from within the respective cylinder casing  373  (see, for example,  FIGS. 14-18 ). It is noted that the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may include numerous retracted positions and/or extended positions and these terms are used merely to describe the direction of movement. For example, movement from the retracted position to the extended positions means that each rod  374  is being moved from within the respective cylinder casing  373  and movement form the extended position to the retracted position means that each rod  374  is being moved into the respective cylinder casing  373 . The use of the term “fully” preceding extended and retracted is to be understood as the point at which the rod  374  can no longer be moved from within the cylinder casing  373  (“fully extended”), and the point at which the rod  374  can no longer be moved into the cylinder casing  373  (“fully retracted”). 
   The hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may be moved from the retracted position to the extended position, and vice versa, using any method or device known to persons skilled in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure. For example, the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  may be moved from the retracted position to the extended position by gravity or by placing a downward force on a tubular using a lifting device. Alternatively, at least one control source in communication with the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  as discussed above may facilitate movement of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  from the extended position to the retracted position and vice versa. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 25 and 26  for example, each cylinder rod end  372  may include at least one flexjoint bearing  2576 . Each flexjoint bearing  2576  permits rotational movement of each of the tensioning cylinders  370  in the direction of arrows  358 ,  359 ,  310 , and  312  in the same manner as discussed above with respect to the flexjoint swivel assembly  350 . As shown in  FIGS. 25 and 26 , each flexjoint bearing  2576  is in communication with the base  385 , and each blind end  371  is in communication with the bottom surface  362  of the manifold  2560 . In various alternative illustrative embodiments, each flexjoint bearing  2576  may be in communication with a lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580 . The flexjoint bearing  2576  may have a range of angular motion of about +/−15 degrees to alleviate some of the potential to induce torque and/or bending forces on the cylinder rod  374 . 
   As shown in  FIGS. 25-27 , the blind ends  371  may be drilled with a bolt pattern to allow bolting in a compact arrangement on the bottom surface  362  of the manifold  2560 . In various illustrative embodiments, a plurality of appropriately sized tensioning cylinders  370  equally spaced around the manifold  2560  may be employed to produce the tension required for the specific application. The tensioning cylinders  370  may be disposed with the rod end  372  down, i.e., the rod end  372  may be closer to the base  385  than to the manifold  2560 . It is to be understood, however, that one, or all, of the tensioning cylinders  370  may be disposed with the rod end  372  up, i.e., the rod end  372  may be closer to the manifold  2560 . 
   Each tensioning cylinder  370  may be designed to interface with at least one control source, e.g., air pressure vessels and accumulators via transfer tubing (or piping)  375  and the manifold  2560  and via the blind end  371  and the manifold  2560 . However, not all of the tensioning cylinders  370  need be in communication with the at least one radial band  2565 ,  2566 ,  2567 . 
   While it is to be understood that the tensioning cylinder  370  may be formed out of any material known to persons of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of the present disclosure, the tensioning cylinder  370  may be manufactured from a light weight material that helps to reduce the overall weight of the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 , helps to eliminate friction and metal contact within the tensioning cylinder  370 , and helps reduce the potential for electrolysis and galvanic action causing corrosion. Examples may include, but are not limited to, carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum and titanium. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  is in communication with the base  385 . The lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  consists of an inner mandrel  2583  and an outer radial member or housing  2582  that contains at least one swivel member (not shown), e.g., bearings. The inner mandrel  2583  may include a flange  2584  that is in communication with a riser, indicated schematically by  2670  in  FIG. 26 , for example. 
   Swivel members of lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  permit movement of the upper flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the manifold  2560 , the tensioning cylinder  370 , and the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  in the direction of the arrows  358 ,  359  and the arrows  310 ,  312 . As with the upper flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  is employed to further alleviate the potential for induced axial torque while tensioner  2510  is in tension. Preferably, the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  has a range of angular motion of +/−15 degrees for alleviating the potential to induce torque and/or bending forces on tensioner  2510 . 
   The lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  may be any shape or size desired or necessary to permit radial movement of the upper flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the manifold assembly  2560 , the tensioning cylinder  370 , and the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  in the direction of the arrows  358 ,  359 . As shown in  FIG. 25 , the lower flexjoint swivel assembly  2580  is preferably cylindrically shaped. 
   The base  385  facilitates connecting the second end  332  of the tensioner  2510  to other subsea appliances or equipment, e.g., blowout preventer stacks  270 , production trees, and manifolds, and riser components, e.g., tubulars. In various illustrative embodiments, the base  385  is equipped with the riser connector member  387  that is common to the flange/connectors employed on the riser string to facilitate connection of the tensioner  2510  to a riser or other components, indicated schematically by  2670  in  FIG. 26 , for example. Examples of riser connecter member  87  known in the art include latch dog profile as discussed in greater detail below regarding mandrel  40 , locking rings, load rings, and casing slips. 
   The base  385  also includes the plurality of flexjoint bearings  2576  for connecting the tensioning cylinder  370  to the base  385 . The flexjoint bearings  2576  alleviate the potential for the tensioning cylinder  370  and the rod  374  bending movement that would cause increased wear in the packing elements (not shown) in the gland seal (not shown) disposed at the interface between the rod  374  and the cylinder casing  373 . Each flexjoint bearing  2576  provides an angular motion of range of 15 degrees over 360 degrees in the direction of the arrows  358 ,  359  and the arrows  310 ,  312 . 
   In drilling applications, the tensioner  210 ,  2510  may be connected to the diverter (not shown), which is generally supported under the drilling rig floor sub-structure through any method or manner known by persons skilled in the art. In various illustrative embodiments, the connection between the tensioner  210 ,  2510  and the diverter may be accomplished by means of a bolted flange (not shown), e.g., via a studded connection. In various other illustrative embodiments, the tensioner  210 ,  2510  may be connected to the diverter by inserting the mandrel interface  347  into a connector (not shown) attached to the diverter. In such illustrative embodiments, the interface mandrel  346  may include a latch dog profile  349  that connects to the connector via matching latch dogs that may be hydraulically, pneumatically, or manually energized. In addition, a metal-to-metal sealing gasket profile may be machined in the top of the mandrel  340  to effect a pressure-containing seal within the connector. 
   A production riser or a drilling riser, collectively “riser,” can be run to depth with the tensioner  210 ,  2510  using a lifting device, e.g., a crane, jack knife hoisting rig, rack and pinion elevator assembly, or other suitable lifting device. Therefore, in various illustrative embodiments, the production riser for drill step tests and other uses, or, in various other illustrative embodiments, the drilling riser, can be assembled without the need for large amounts of heavy equipment, e.g., a full-size derrick. 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 32 , a method  3200  for intervening with and operating on at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string, indicated schematically by  2470  in  FIG. 24 , may be provided. The method  3200  may comprise providing a device and/or system, as indicated at  3210 , the device and/or system, such as the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  described above, comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  360  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  360  having a plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366  and second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of first radial fluid band sections  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with a respective one of the plurality of second radial fluid band sections  365 ,  367  and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  376  that is not a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  376 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  disposed beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  may further comprise a well intervention apparatus  2320  disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 , the well intervention apparatus  2320  capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2470 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2400  may further comprise a blow-out pressure system  270  disposed in a frame system  275  beneath the well intervention apparatus  2320  and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210 . The method  3200  for intervening with and operating on at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2470  may further comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2300  and/or system  2400  to intervene with and operate on the at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2470 , as indicated at  3220 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 33 , a method  3300  for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode may be provided. The method  3300  may comprise providing a device and/or system, as indicated at  3310 , the device and/or system, such as the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  described above, comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  2560  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  2560  having a first radial fluid band  2566  and a second radial fluid band  365  and/or  367 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with the first radial fluid band  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band  365  and/or  367 , and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  2576  that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  2576 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  disposed beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may further comprise a hydraulic jacking system  220  comprising a plurality of hydraulic cylinders  230 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  having a first portion  240  and a second portion  250 , the hydraulic jacking system  220  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  beneath the rig floor  891 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may also comprise stationary/rotary slips  245  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220 , traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to the one of the first portion  240  and the second portion  250  of the hydraulic jacking system  220  not connected to the stationary/rotary slips  245 , and a telescoping guide system  260  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  and connected to the traveling slips  255  disposed within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 . 
   The method  3300  for running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and/or for moving pipe in a pipe light mode may further comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  to do at least one of running jointed tubulars in a compensated fashion and moving pipe in a pipe light mode, as indicated at  3320 . The hydraulic jacking system  220  and the hydraulic tensioning system  2510  permit the compensation of the hydraulic jacking system  220  along with the tubulars manipulated and controlled by the hydraulic jacking system  220 . The method  3300  may further include providing the blow-out pressure equipment  270  (as may be provided with the heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2600 , for example) so that the blow-out pressure equipment  270  may be contained in the frame system  275  and not experience substantially any tension loads, which may be substantially completely compensated for by the hydraulic tensioning system  2510 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  and the method  3300  may allow pipe to be moved in a pipe light mode, where the well pressure exerted on an outside diameter of the tubulars creates a force greater than the normal force from the weight of the tubulars. The tubulars may be controlled by the hydraulic jacking system  220  and/or the stationary/rotary slips  245  and/or the traveling slips  255 . Motion compensation of the tubulars during the pipe light mode may be accomplished through the hydraulic jacking system  220  and/or the hydraulic tensioning system  2510 . 
   In various illustrative embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 34 , a method  3400  for intervening with and operating on at least one of a well, a wellhead, a blow-out pressure system, a jointed tubular, a pipe, and a drilling string, indicated schematically by  2670  in  FIG. 26 , may be provided. The method  3400  may comprise providing a device and/or system, as indicated at  3410 , the device and/or system, such as the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  described above, comprising a hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  comprising at least one mandrel  340 , at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350  in communication with the at least one mandrel  340 , at least one manifold  2560  in communication with the at least one flexjoint swivel assembly  350 , the at least one manifold  2560  having a first radial fluid band  2566  and a second radial fluid band  365  and/or  367 , a plurality of tensioning cylinders  370  each having an upper blind end  371 , a lower rod end  372 , and at least one transfer tubing  375 , the upper blind end  371  being in communication with the first radial fluid band  366 , the at least one transfer tubing being in communication with the second radial fluid band  365  and/or  367 , and the lower rod end  372  being in communication with a bearing joint  2576  that is a flexjoint bearing, and a base  385  in communication with the bearing joint  2576 , the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510  disposed beneath a rig floor  891  and adapted to be connected at the at least one mandrel  340  to the rig floor  891  through a rotary table  800  disposed in the rig floor  891 . 
   The heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  may further comprise a well intervention apparatus  2520  disposed at least partially within the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  210  beneath the rig floor  891 , the well intervention apparatus  2520  capable of being used in conjunction with at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2670 . The heave compensated hydraulic workover system  2600  may further comprise a blow-out pressure system  270  disposed in a frame system  275  beneath the well intervention apparatus  2520  and at least partially internal to the hydraulic tensioning cylinder system  2510 . The method  3400  for intervening with and operating on at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2670  may further comprise using the heave compensated hydraulic workover device  2500  and/or system  2600  to intervene with and operate on the at least one of the well, the wellhead, the blow-out pressure system, the jointed tubular, the pipe, and the drilling string  2670 , as indicated at  3420 . 
   The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the present invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the particular illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the present invention. In particular, every range of values (of the form, “from about a to about b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a to b,” or, equivalently, “from approximately a-b”) disclosed herein is to be understood as referring to the power set (the set of all subsets) of the respective range of values, in the sense of Georg Cantor. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below. 
   Therefore, the present invention is well adapted to attain the ends and advantages mentioned as well as those that are inherent therein. While numerous changes may be made by those skilled in the art, such changes are encompassed within the spirit of this present invention as defined by the appended claims.