Patent Publication Number: US-2011050392-A1

Title: Communication device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-196979, filed on Aug. 27, 2009, entitled “COMMUNICATION DEVICE”. The content of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety herein. 
     FIELD 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to communication devices, and more particularly relate to communication devices operable to detect biological information of a user. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Biometric identification may be used for recognizing persons based upon one or more unique intrinsic physical or behavioral trait. Biometric identification may be used for security to control and manage access to an electronic device. Many electronic devices comprise a touch screen or other sensing device that may be usable for biometric identification. 
     SUMMARY 
     A method for operating an electronic device is disclosed. First biological information of a first operator performing an input operation to the electronic device is detected. Second biological information from a second operator of a second electronic device is received. Third biological information of a registered person permitted to use the electronic device is provided. A display module is prohibited from displaying received data, if the first biological information does not correspond to the second biological information and to the third biological information. 
     In a first embodiment, a communication device comprises an operation module operable to accept an input operation performed by an operator, and a biological information detection module operable to detect first biological information of the operator. The communication device further comprises a receiver module operable to receive received data comprising second biological information of a transmitter, and a display module operable to display the received data if not prohibited. The communication device also comprises a control module operable to prohibit the display module from displaying the received data, if the first biological information does not correspond to the second biological information and the first biological information does not correspond to third biological information. The third biological information is of a registered person permitted to use the communication device. 
     In a second embodiment, a method for operating an electronic device comprises detecting first biological information of a first operator performing an input operation to the electronic device. The method further comprises receiving second biological information from a second operator of a second electronic device, and providing third biological information of a registered person permitted to use the electronic device. The method also comprises not displaying received data, if the first biological information does not correspond to the second biological information and the first biological information does not correspond to the third biological information. 
     In a third embodiment, a computer readable medium comprises program code for operating an electronic device. The program code comprises detecting first biological information of a first operator performing an input operation to the electronic device, and receiving second biological information from a second operator of a second electronic device. The program code further comprises providing third biological information of a registered person permitted to use the electronic device, and prohibiting a display module from displaying the received data if the first biological information does not correspond to the second biological information and the first biological information does not correspond to the third biological information. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments of the present disclosure are hereinafter described in conjunction with the following figures, wherein like numerals denote like elements. The figures are provided for illustration and depict exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The figures are provided to facilitate understanding of the present disclosure without limiting the breadth, scope, scale, or applicability of the present disclosure. The drawings are not necessarily made to scale. 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of a communication environment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2  is an illustration of a schematic functional block diagram of mobile terminal system according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a transmission process of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  is an illustration of a table of a communication partner terminal and an authorization level stored in a storage device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6A-C  are illustrations of flowcharts showing receiving processes of a mobile terminal according to embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  is an illustration of a table showing contents of an address book of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 8A and 8B  are illustrations of flowcharts showing receiving processes of a mobile terminal according to embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process of the mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 10  is an illustration of a table showing contents of the address book stored in the storage device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following description is presented to enable a person of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the embodiments of the disclosure. The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the disclosure or the application and uses of the embodiments of the disclosure. Descriptions of specific devices, techniques, and applications are provided only as examples. Modifications to the examples described herein will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other examples and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding field, background, summary or the following detailed description. The present disclosure should be accorded scope consistent with the claims, and not limited to the examples described and shown herein. 
     Embodiments of the disclosure are described herein in the context of one practical non-limiting application, namely, a cell phone. Embodiments of the disclosure, however, are not limited to such cell phones, and the techniques described herein may also be utilized in other applications. For example, embodiments may be applicable to mobile phones, digital books, digital cameras, electronic game machines, digital music players, personal digital assistance (PDA), personal handy phone system (PHS), lap top computers, and the like. 
     As would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art after reading this description, these are merely examples and the embodiments of the disclosure are not limited to operating in accordance with these examples. Other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 1  is an illustration of a communication environment  100  according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The communication environment  100  may comprise two or more mobile terminals  1 / 101  and at least one base station  2 . The mobile terminal  1  and the mobile terminal  101  perform communication wirelessly therebetween via the base station  2  through antenna  110 . The mobile terminal  1  and the mobile terminal  101  may each comprise, for example but without limitation, a cell phone, a PDA, and the like. Hereinafter, the mobile terminal  1  and the mobile terminal  101  are described as cell phones. 
     The antenna  110  may be, for example but without limitation, a built-in antenna, a rod antenna, and the like. The antenna  110  is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves at a predetermined frequency band to and from the base station  2 . The antenna  110  may comprise a single antenna or multiple antennas. 
     The mobile terminal  1  transmits transmission data to which fingerprint data of an operator operating the mobile terminal  1  is added to the mobile terminal  101  of a communication partner. As used herein data to which fingerprint data is added may comprise data obtained by integrating fingerprint data with data other than the fingerprint data, or data other than fingerprint data to which fingerprint data is added. Data to which fingerprint data is added is the former; that is, the transmission data of the mobile terminal  1  comprises, the fingerprint data, sound data, contents of e-mails, an e-mail address identifying the mobile terminal  1 , fingerprint data of an operator operating the mobile terminal  1 , and the like. Hereinafter, a person who operates the mobile terminal  1  and transmits the transmission data from the mobile terminal  1  to the mobile terminal  101  is referred to as a “transmitter”. The mobile terminal  101  with which the mobile terminal  1  communicates may be referred to as a “communication partner terminal  101 ”. 
     The mobile terminal  1  receives fingerprint-added data, comprising the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data, form the communication partner terminal  101 . The mobile terminal  1  also receives non-fingerprint-added data from the communication partner terminal  101  to which the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data is not added. 
       FIG. 2  is an illustration of a schematic functional block diagram of a mobile terminal  1  according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The mobile terminal  1  comprises a storage device  11 , a sound receiving module  12 , a sound generation module  13 , a touch panel  14 , a communication module  15 , and a control module  19 . 
     The storage device  11  is operable to store various kinds of data used for various processes of the mobile phone  1 . In an embodiment, the storage device  11  may comprise a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by the control module  19 . In practical embodiments, the storage device  11  may comprise, for example but without limitation, a non-volatile storage device (non-volatile semiconductor memory, hard disk device, optical disk device, and the like), a random access storage device (for example, SRAM, DRAM), or any other form of storage medium known in the art. The storage device  11  may store a plurality of application programs such as: a call program, an email program, address book, authorization level, fingerprint-added data, non-fingerprint-added data, a temporary data used in a program process, reference fingerprint data used in performing the fingerprint authentication, personal information, a computer program which is executed by the storage device  11 , an operating system (OS), tentative data used in executing a program processing, and the like. 
     The storage device  11  may be coupled to the control module  19  such that the storage device  11  can read information from and write information to the control module  19 . As an example, the control module  19  and storage device  11  may reside in their respective ASICs. The storage device  11  may also be integrated into the control module  19 . In an embodiment, the storage device  11  may comprise a cache memory for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by the control module  19 . The storage device  11  may also comprise non-volatile memory for storing instructions to be executed by the control module  19 . 
     The storage device  11  stores registration information of the users registered in the mobile terminal  1 . Moreover, the storage device  11  a priori stores fingerprint data of the registered users of the mobile terminal  1 . Hereinafter, a person whose fingerprint data have been registered (stored) in the storage device  11  and who is permitted to use the mobile terminal  1  is referred to as a “registered person” and the fingerprint data is referred to as “registered person&#39;s fingerprint data. 
     The sound receiving module  12  may comprise a microphone (not shown) and output an encoded digital voice for input to the control module  19 , by converting an analog voice input received by the microphone from outside. In this manner, the sound receiving module  12  may amplify the analog voice input from the microphone, and carry out an analog/digital conversion to obtain a digital voice input. The sound receiving module  12  may apply a signal processing such as an encoding, or the like, to the digital voice input to obtain an encoded digital voice input, and send the encoded digital voice input to the control module  19 . 
     The sound generation module  13  may comprise a speaker (not shown) and output a digital voice data supplied from the control module  19 . The sound generation module  13  may apply a signal processing to the digital voice data supplied from the control module  19 . In this manner, the sound generation module  13  performs decoding, digital/analog conversion, and amplification to convert the digital voice data to an analog voice signal for output to the speaker. 
     The touch panel  14  comprises: a display module  14   a  configured to display various information; an operation module  14   b  configured to accept input operations; and a biological information detection module  14   c  configured to detect fingerprint data of the operator performing input operations on the operation module  14   b  (hereinafter referred to as “operator&#39;s fingerprint data”). 
     Various kinds of information such as an icon for starting an application program or text can be displayed on the display module  14   a  of the touch panel  14  via an image/video signal supplied from the control module  19 . Furthermore, the touch panel  14  detects the operations of a finger of an operator thereupon and outputs the operations of the finger of the operator to the control module  19 . Moreover, the biological information detection module  14   c  of the touch panel  14  detects the fingerprint of the operator&#39;s finger that has touched the touch panel  14  as explained in more detail below. The touch panel  14  may comprise a scanner function using a photodetector element, or a capacitance-type touch panel. 
     In one embodiment, the touch panel  14  may comprises hardware different from a touch panel configuration. Alternatively, the mobile terminal  1  may comprise a display module  14   a , an operation module  14   b , and a biological information detection module  14   c  each comprising a separate hardware. 
     The display module  14   a  may be formed by, for example but without limitation, a liquid crystal (LCD) panel, an organic electro-luminescence (OEL) panel, and the like. The display module  14   a  displays various items of information on the LCD. The display screen on the LCD (an operation input screen on the touch panel  14 ) is provided with a plurality of optical sensors (not shown) arranged in a grid pattern. Each of the optical sensors detects an amount of light coming in from the front side of the touch panel  14 . When the operator&#39;s finger touches the display screen of the LCD while a backlight of the LCD emits light, the light from the backlight of the LCD is reflected by the operator&#39;s finger. The optical sensor with which the operator&#39;s finger is in contact detects light inputted from the front side and reflected by the operator&#39;s finger. As a result, the amount of light detected by the optical sensor with which the operator&#39;s finger is in contact is different from the amount of light detected by the optical sensors with which the operator&#39;s finger is not in contact. Therefore, the operation module  14   b  can accept the operator&#39;s input operations to the touch panel  14  based on the amount of light detected by each of the plurality of optical sensors. Of the concave portions and convex portions on a surface of the operator&#39;s finger that form fingerprints, the light from the backlight of the LCD is reflected on the concave portions. Therefore, the amount of light reflected from the operator&#39;s finger is different between the concave portions and convex portions on the surface of operator&#39;s finger. Therefore, the biological information detection module  14   c  detects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data based on amount of light detected by each of the plurality of optical sensors. 
     The control module  19  is notified of input operations performed by the operator and accepted by the operation module  14   b , along with the operator&#39;s fingerprint data detected by the touch panel  14 . Input operations may comprise a request for displaying the fingerprint-added data received by the communication module  15 . When the control module  19  is notified that the input operations have been performed on the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data detected by the biological information detection module  14   c  correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data. In this manner, the control module  19  performs fingerprint authentication to determine whether the operator of the mobile terminal  1  is a registered person. The control module  19  displays the fingerprint-added data on the display module  14   a , if the operator&#39;s fingerprint data is authenticated. The authentication allows the operator of the mobile terminal  1  to browse the fingerprint-added data on the mobile terminal  1  if he/she is a registered person of the mobile terminal  1 . 
     As described below, the control module  19  determines whether a “transmitter” who transmitted the fingerprint-added data using another mobile terminal to the mobile terminal  1  comprising the control module  19  is the owner of the other mobile terminal (hereinafter referred to as “transmitting terminal owner”), or whether he/she is impersonating the transmitting terminal owner. The notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14  notifies the user of the mobile terminal  1  of a result of the determination of impersonation. For example, the notification module  14   d  sends an external notification that the transmitter is impersonating the transmitting terminal owner, by displaying a text message on the display module  14   a . The user may also be notified of the result of the determination of the impersonation by, for example but without limitation, a sound, a light, and the like. In this manner, the control module  19  may send the result of the determination of the impersonation to the sound generation module  13  for outputting a sound or to a light-emitting module such as an LED to output a light. 
     The communication module  15  is operable to transmit and receive a plurality of communication signals comprising data signals via the base station  2 . For example, the transmitting module  15   a  modulates a transmitting signal such as fingerprint-added data, or non-fingerprint-added signal as a radio signal to the communication partner terminal  101  through the antenna  110 . In addition, the receiver module  15   b  demodulates a radio signal such as a fingerprint-added data received from the communication partner terminal  101  through the antenna  110 , and sends the fingerprint-added data to the control module  19 . The communication module  15  communicates with the wireless network via a wireless data communication link (not shown). The communication module  15  cooperates with the base station transceiver (not shown) with a suitably configured RF antenna arrangement such as the antenna  110  that can support a particular wireless communication protocol and modulation scheme to transmit and receive data signals. The data signals (transmission data) may comprise, for example but without limitation, fingerprint data, voice data during voice communication, text data during email, web data during accessing web site, and the like. 
     The control module  19  may comprise transmission/reception of signals at the communication module  15 . The control module  19  controls overall operation of the mobile terminal  1 . For example, the control module  19  may control operations of the mobile phone  1  so that processes of the mobile phone  1  are suitably performed such that various processing are performed by proper procedures. These processes comprise, for example but without limitation, call-processing, email-processing, browser-processing, navigation-processing, audio-processing, touch panel control, fingerprint data processing in performing the fingerprint authentication, personal information acquiring, determining operational content, and the like. The control module  19  also controls a communication of the communication module  15 , and access to the storage device  11  such as access to the fingerprint data, and the like. For example, the control module  19  can control the communication module  15  to process a telephone call or an electronic mail. For another example, the control module  19  can control the touch panel  14  to detect an action or an operation of a finger of a user/operator, and display various kinds of information such as a notification on the notification module  4   d.    
     The control module  19  may comprise a computer CPU (microprocessor) or another processor for performing a process based on a program (operating system, application program, etc.) stored in the storage device  11 . The control module  19  may read instruction code sequentially from programs such as the operating system and the application program, which are stored in the storage device  11 , and perform the programs. For example, a fingerprint authentication process in the control module  19  may be realized on the computer by one or a plurality of programs, or may be at least partially realized by hardware. 
       FIG. 3  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a transmission process  300  of the mobile terminal  1 . Process  300  may begin by, the operator of the mobile terminal  1  operating the touch panel  14  to select the communication partner terminal  101  as the transmission destination and the data to be transmitted to the communication partner terminal  101  (task S 1 ). 
     Next, the control module  19  determines whether the mobile terminal  1  is transmitting the data to the selected communication partner terminal  101  for the first time (inquiry task S 2 ). If the control module  19  determines that the data are being transmitted to the selected communication partner terminal  101  for the first time (“YES” branch of the inquiry task S 2 ), the control module  19  stores an authorization level ( FIG. 4 ) (task S 3 ). However, if the control module  19  determines that the data is not being transmitted to the selected communication partner terminal  101  for the first time (“NO” branch of the inquiry task S 2 ), or in other words, the data have already been transmitted to the communication partner terminal  101 , the control module  19  reads authorization level of the transmission destination (task S 4 ). 
     In task S 3 , the control module  19  accepts input operations at the authorization level for the selected communication partner terminal  101  on the touch panel  14 . The authorization level identifies access authority given to the communication partner terminal  101  for the data to be transmitted. Afterward, when the control module  19  determines that the authorization level has been accepted on the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  stores the authorization level in the storage device  11  as the authorization level of the communication partner terminal  101  selected in task S 1 . 
     The control module  19  then reads the authorization level for the selected communication partner terminal  101  from the storage device  11 . This eliminates the need for the operator to select the authorization level for the touch panel  14  if the data have already been transmitted to the selected communication partner terminal  101 . The authorization level stored in the storage device  11  may be changed by the input operation of the operator. 
     The control module  19  then displays selection screen for data transmission (task S 5 ). The selection screen then prompts whether to “transmit data” (inquiry task S 6 ). If data to be transmitted (“YES” branch of the inquiry task S 6 ) a “YES” button (popup) is activated on the touch panel  14 . Otherwise (“No” branch of the inquiry task S 6 ) a “NO” button as a popup is activated, on the touch panel  14 . 
     In this manner, the control module  19  determines whether an input operation has been performed for the “YES” button or the “NO” button on the touch panel  14 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the input operation has been performed for the “YES” button, the control module  19  transmits the data (task S 7 ). In this manner, the control module  19  detects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14 . The control module  19  adds the operator&#39;s fingerprint data to the transmission data to generate the fingerprint-added data and transmits the fingerprint-added data from the transmitting module  15   a  to the communication partner terminal  101 . The transmission data transmitted from the transmitting module  15   a  of the mobile terminal  1  comprises the authorization level of the communication partner terminal  101 . 
     However, if the control module  19  determines that the input operation has been performed for the “NO” button, it displays the main menu image on the touch panel  14  in (task S 8 ). 
       FIG. 4  is an illustration of a table of the communication partner terminal  101  and the authorization level stored in the storage device  11 . The authorization level is provided with at least two levels in this example: Level  1  and Level  2 . If the authorization level of the communication partner terminal  101  is Level  1 , authorization to read the data to be transmitted is given to the communication partner terminal  101 . If the authorization level of the communication partner terminal  101  is Level  2 , authorization to read and write the data to be transmitted is given to the communication partner terminal  101 . For example, the mobile terminal  102  of Mr. A is given authorization Level  2  to read and write the data to be transmitted and the mobile terminal  103  of Ms. B is given authorization Level  1  to read the data to be transmitted. 
       FIG. 5  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process  500  of the mobile terminal  1 . The various tasks performed in connection with the process  500  may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, a computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the process method, or any combination thereof. The process  500  may be recorded in a computer-readable medium such as a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like, and can be accessed and executed, for example, by a computer CPU such as the control module  19  in which the computer-readable medium is stored. It should be appreciated that process  500  may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in  FIG. 5  need not be performed in the illustrated order, and process  500  may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein. For illustrative purposes, the following description of process  500  may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with  FIGS. 1-4 . In practical embodiments, portions of process  500  may be performed by different elements of the mobile terminal  1  for example the storage device  11 , the sound receiving module  12 , the sound generation module  13 , the touch panel  14 , the communication module  15 , and the control module  19 , etc. The process  500  may have functions, material, and structures that are similar to the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1-4 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     Process  500  may begin by the receiving module  15   b  receiving data from the communication partner terminal  101  (task S 11 ). 
     Next, the control module  19  determines whether the received data received at the receiving module  15   b  are fingerprint-added data or non-fingerprint-added data, or in other words, whether the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data are added to the received data received at the receiving module  15   b  (inquiry task S 12 ). If the control module  19  determines that the received data received at the receiving module  15   b  is non-fingerprint-added data (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 12 ), the control module  19  accepts input operations on the touch panel  14  to display the non-fingerprint-added data. Then, when the control module  19  determines that an input operation to display the non-fingerprint-added data has been performed on the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  displays the non-fingerprint-added data on the touch panel  14  in task S 13 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the received data received at the receiving module  15   b  are fingerprint-added data (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 12 ), and if the control module  19  accepts the input operation to display the received data on the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  detects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14 . Then, the control module  19  determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (inquiry task S 14 ). If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 14 ), process  500  performs “process  600 A,” “process  600 B” or “process  6000 ” as described in the context of discussion  FIG. 6A ,  6 B or  6 C below, respectively and, if the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data do not correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 14 ), process  500  performs “process  800 A” or “process  800 B” as described in the context of discussion of  FIG. 8A  or  8 B below, respectively. 
       FIGS. 6  A to  6 C are illustrations of flowchart showing a receiving processes  600 A-C of the mobile terminal  1 . The various tasks performed in connection with the processes  600 A-C may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, a computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the process method, or any combination thereof. The processes  600 A-C may be recorded in a computer-readable medium such as a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like, and can be accessed and executed, for example, by a CPU such as the control module  19  in which the computer-readable medium is stored. It should be appreciated that processes  600 A-C may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in  FIGS. 6A-C  need not be performed in the illustrated order, and processes  600 A-C may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein. For illustrative purposes, the following description of processes  600 A-C may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with  FIGS. 1-5 . In practical embodiments, portions of process  900  may be performed by different elements of the mobile terminal  1  for example the storage device  11 , the sound receiving module  12 , the sound generation module  13 , the touch panel  14 , the communication module  15 , and the control module  19 , etc. The processes  600 A-C may have functions, material, and structures that are similar to the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1-5 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     In the processes  600 A-C, a registered person owns the mobile terminal  1 . Therefore, the registered person can display the fingerprint-added data on the mobile terminal  1 . Processes  600  A-C are described with reference to the table  700  shown in  FIG. 7 . 
     The control module  19  accesses the address book ( FIG. 7 ) stored in the storage device  11  and determines whether the transmitter is impersonating the transmitting terminal owner. 
     Process  600 A may begin by the control module  19  determining whether the e-mail address included in the fingerprint-added data (hereinafter referred to as “received address”) corresponds to the registered addresses (inquiry task S 21 ). If the control module  19  determines that the received address does not correspond to any of the registered addresses (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 21 ), the control module  19  provides a notification on the notification module  4   d  of the touch panel  14  that the transmitter is unknown on the touch panel  14  (task S 22 ). For example, if the received address is different from each of the registered addresses da and ea shown in  FIG. 7 , task S 22  is performed. Process  600  may then lead to (task S 28 ) to display the received data. 
     If the control module  19  determines that the received address corresponds to a registered address (“YES” branch of injury task S 21 ), the control module  19  determines whether the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data is stored in the address book in relation to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address in (inquiry task S 23 ). 
     If the control module  19  determines that the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data has not been stored in the address book in relation to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 23 ), the control module  19  provides notification of the registered address on the notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14  (task S 24 ). Concurrently, because the control module  19  does not make a determination regarding impersonation, the control module  19  also provides notification that there is a possibility of impersonation. If the name of the transmitting terminal owner is stored in the address book in relation to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address, the control module  19  also provides notification of the name on the notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14 . For example, if the received address corresponds to the registered address shown in  FIG. 7 , the touch panel  14  provides notification of the registered address and the name as well as notification that there is a possibility of impersonation because the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data have not been stored in the address book in relation to the registered address. Process  600  may then lead to task S 28  to display the received data. If the control module  19  determines that the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data have been stored in the address book (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 23 ), in relation to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address, the control module  19  determines whether the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data in (inquiry task S 25 ). In this manner, the control module  19  determines whether the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data added to the fingerprint-added data from the communication partner terminal  101  correspond to the fingerprint data of the owner of the communication partner terminal  101 . For example, if the registered address da shown in  FIG. 7  corresponds to the received address, inquiry task S 23  is performed, and because the fingerprint data db have been stored as the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book in relation to this registered address da, inquiry task S 25  is performed. 
     If the control module  19  determines that the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data do not correspond to the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data, or in other words, that the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data are different from the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 25 ), the notification provided by the notification portion  14   d  of the touch panel  14  notifies that there is an impersonation in (task S 26 ). For example, if the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data do not correspond to the fingerprint data in  FIG. 7 , task S 26  is performed. Process  600 A may then lead to, task S 28 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 25 ), the control module  19  provides notification on the notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14  that there is no impersonation in (task S 27 ). For example, if the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the fingerprint data db in  FIG. 7 , task S 27  is performed. Process  600 A, may then lead to, task S 28 . The control module  19  displays the fingerprint-added data on the touch panel  14  (task S 28 ). The control module  19  then hides the fingerprint-added data that have been displayed on the touch panel  14  if an input operation to hide the fingerprint-added data has been performed on the touch panel  14 . 
       FIG. 7  is an illustration of a table  700  showing contents of an address book stored in the storage device  11 . In the address book, e-mail addresses identifying the communication partner terminal  101  (hereinafter referred to as “registered addresses”), names of the transmitting terminal owners, and the fingerprint data of the transmitting terminal owners (hereinafter referred to as “transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data”) are stored. 
       FIGS. 8A and 8B  are illustrations of flowcharts showing receiving processes  800 A-B of the mobile terminal, respectively. The various tasks performed in connection with the processes  800 A-B may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, a computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the process method, or any combination thereof. The processes  800 A-B may be recorded in a computer-readable medium such as a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like, and can be accessed and executed, for example, by a CPU such as the control module  19  in which the computer-readable medium is stored. It should be appreciated that processes  800 A-B may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in  FIG. 8A  or  8 B need not be performed in the illustrated order, and processes  800 A-B may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein. For illustrative purposes, the following description of processes  800 A-B may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with  FIGS. 1-7 . In practical embodiments, portions of processes  800 A-B may be performed by different elements of the mobile terminal  1  for example the storage device  11 , the sound receiving module  12 , the sound generation module  13 , the touch panel  14 , the communication module  15 , and the control module  19 , etc. The processes  800 A-B may have functions, material, and structures that are similar to the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1-7 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     Process  800 A may begin by the control module  19  displaying an indication on the touch panel  14  to prompt the operator to touch the touch panel  14  with his/her finger in (task S 31 ). The control module  19  then redetects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the biological information detection module  14   c  of the touch panel  14  and determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data (inquiry task S 32 ). In this manner, the control module  19  determines whether the fingerprint data of the operator redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data added to the fingerprint-added data from the communication partner terminal  101 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 32 ) the control module  19  displays the fingerprint-added data to which the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data have been added on the display module  14   a  of the touch panel  14  (task S 33 ). Therefore, when the transmitter who transmitted the fingerprint-added data operates the mobile terminal  1  of the transmission destination, the fingerprint-added data are displayed on the mobile terminal  1 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  do not correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data (“NO” branch of inquiry task S 32 ), the received data cannot be browsed (task S 34 ). In this manner, control module  19  prohibits the fingerprint-added data from being displayed on the touch panel  14  (task S 34 ) even though an operation to display the fingerprint-added data on the touch panel  14  has been performed on the touch panel  14 . 
     In this manner, if the detected operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to neither the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data nor the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data added to the received fingerprint-added data, the fingerprint-added data are prohibited from being displayed on the touch panel  14 . Therefore, even if a third party other than the registered person or transmitter operates the mobile terminal  1 , the fingerprint-added data are not displayed on the mobile terminal  1 . As a result, it is possible to prevent a third party other than the registered person or transmitter from browsing the fingerprint-added data on the mobile terminal  1 . On such a mobile terminal  1 , if a third party can obtain approval from the transmitter when the registered person is not nearby but the transmitter is nearby, (i.e., if he/she can ask the transmitter to operate the touch panel  14  in task  31 ), he/she can browse the data transmitted by the transmitter on the mobile terminal  1 . 
     The mobile terminal  1  operates the communication partner terminal  101  when the registered person browses the fingerprint-added data to determine whether the transmitter who has transmitted the fingerprint-added data is impersonating the owner of the communication partner terminal  101  and provides notification of the result of the determination. Therefore, the registered person can tell whether the transmitter is impersonating the registered owner. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the control module  19  again performs fingerprint identification regarding whether the operator of the mobile terminal  1  is a registered person in process  600 B-C as shown in  FIG. 6B-C , respectively. For example, this re-identification process is performed in at least one of either between task S 21  and task S 22  as shown in  FIG. 6B  or between task S 23  and task S 24  as shown in  FIG. 6C . In the re-identification process, the control module  19  redetects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14  and determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data. 
     If the re-identification process is performed between task S 21  and task S 22  as shown  FIG. 6B , when the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data, task S 22  is performed. If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  do not correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data, task S 34  is performed. 
     If the re-identification process is performed between task S 23  and task S 24  as shown  FIG. 6C , when the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data, task S 24  is performed. Otherwise, if the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  do not correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data, task S 34  is performed. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, from the starting point of processes  600 A-C shown in  FIG. 6A-C  until the point when the touch panel  14  displays the fingerprint-added data in task S 28 , even if a registered person leaves the mobile terminal  1  behind and a third party obtains the mobile terminal  1 , it is possible to prevent the third party from browsing the fingerprint-added data on the mobile terminal  1 . 
     The control module  19  performs the re-identification process by the time when task S 28  is performed after each processes  600 A-C starts, and for example, it may perform the re-identification process in at least one of either between task S 25  and task S 26  or between task S 25  and task S 27 . 
       FIG. 9  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process  900  according to an embodiment of the disclosure. The various tasks performed in connection with the process  900  may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, a computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the process method, or any combination thereof. The process  900  may be recorded in a computer-readable medium such as a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like, and can be accessed and executed, for example, by a CPU such as the control module  19  in which the computer-readable medium is stored. It should be appreciated that process  900  may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in  FIG. 9  need not be performed in the illustrated order, and process  900  may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein. For illustrative purposes, the following description of process  900  may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with  FIGS. 1-8 . In practical embodiments, portions of process  900  may be performed by different elements of the mobile terminal  1  for example the storage device  11 , the sound receiving module  12 , the sound generation module  13 , the touch panel  14 , the communication module  15 , and the control module  19 , etc. The process  900  may have functions, material, and structures that are similar to the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1-8 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 9  process  900  performs tasks S 51 -S 55  in addition to tasks performed in the process  600 . Therefore, common features, functions, and elements of process  1600  may not be redundantly described herein. 
     After task S 22 , the control module  19  stores an e-mail address identifying the communication partner terminal  101  comprised in the fingerprint-added data as a registered address in the address book and stores the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data (task S 51 ). The fingerprint data is added to the fingerprint-added data as the transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book. As a result, for example, as shown on the last line of the table  1000  shown in  FIG. 10 , the registered address fa and fingerprint data fb are respectively stored as the registered address and transmitting terminal owner&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book without storing the name of the transmitting terminal owner. Then, task S 28  is performed. 
     Then, if the mobile terminal  1  receives the fingerprint-added data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101 , the control module  19  goes through tasks S 21 , S 23 , and S 25  to perform task S 54 . The control module  19  determines whether the name of the transmitting terminal owner corresponds to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address in the address book (inquiry task S 54 ). 
     If the control module  19  determines that the name of the transmitting terminal owner does not correspond to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address (“NO” branch of inquiry task  54 ), the control module  19  provides notification on the notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14  (that the transmitter in unknown and that the fingerprint data of the transmitter have already been stored (task S 55 ). Therefore, task S 22  is performed in the previous receiving operation, and then, as on the last line of the table shown in  FIG. 10 , if the fingerprint-added data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101  are received without storing the name of the transmitting terminal owner, task S 55  is performed. Process  900  may then lead to task S 28  as described above in the context of discussion of the process  600 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the name of the transmitting terminal owner corresponds to the registered address determined to correspond to the received address (“YES” branch of inquiry task  54 ), task S 27  is performed. Therefore, if the name of the transmitter terminal owner has been stored as shown on the last line of the table shown in  FIG. 10  by excluding the item names, task S 27  is performed. 
     Next, the process in task S 52  will be described. After task S 24 , in task S 52 , the control module  19  stores the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data added to the fingerprint-added data as the potential impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book. As a result, for example, as shown on the second line from the bottom of the table shown in  FIG. 10 , the potential impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data are stored as the fingerprint data ed in the address book. Then, task S 28  is performed. 
     Then, if the mobile terminal  1  receives the received data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101 , the control module  19  goes through task S 21 , task S 23 , and performs task S 24 . In task S 24 , when the control module  19  determines that the potential impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data have already been stored, it provides notification on the notification module  14   d  of the touch panel  14  ( ) of the registered address and that there is a possibility of impersonation and that the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data have already been stored. Therefore, when task S 24  is performed in the previous receiving operation and the potential impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data have been stored as shown in the second line from the bottom of the table shown in  FIG. 10 , if the fingerprint-added data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101  have been received, the notification is provided. 
     Next, the process of task S 53  will be described. After task S 26 , in task S 53 , the control module  19  stores the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data as impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book. As a result, for example, as shown on the top line of the table  1000  shown in  FIG. 10  by excluding the item names, the impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data are stored as the fingerprint data dc in the address book. Then, task S 28  is performed. 
     Then, if the mobile terminal  1  receives, the received data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101 , the control module  19  performs tasks S 21 , S 23 , S 25  and S 26 . In task S 26 , when the control module  19  determines that the impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data have already been stored, it provides notification on the touch panel  14  (notification module  14   d ) that there is a possibility of impersonation and that the fingerprint data of the transmitter have already been stored. Therefore, when task S 26  is performed in the previous receiving operation and the impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data is stored as shown on the top line of the table shown in  FIG. 10  by excluding the item names, if the fingerprint-added data transmitted by the same transmitter by operating the same communication partner terminal  101  have been received, the notification is provided. 
     In an embodiment of the disclosure, the control module  19  also determines whether the operator of the mobile terminal  1  is a registered person in task S 32  of process  800 B as shown in  FIG. 8B . Specifically, the control module  19  determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected on the biological information detection module  14   c  of the touch panel  14  correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data or registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (task S 31 ). 
     If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data or registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“YES” branch of the inquiry task S 32 ), the control module  19  displays the fingerprint-added data on the display module  14   a  of the touch panel (task S 33 ) and process  800 B stops. 
     However, if the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data redetected by the touch panel  14  do not correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data and do not correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“NO” branch of the inquiry task S 32 ), process  800 B determines that the received data cannot be browsed (task S 34 ), and process  800 B stops. 
     According to an embodiment, if the operator is determined not to be a registered person once but the operator is determined to be a registered person the next time, the fingerprint-added data are displayed on the mobile terminal  1 . Therefore, for example, even if the registered person forgets to disable the fingerprint identification function of the mobile terminal  1  and asks someone near the registered person to operate the mobile terminal  1  and the fingerprint-added data are not displayed, the fingerprint-added data can be browsed if the registered person operates the mobile terminal  1  the next time. 
     If there is no need to determine impersonation, task S 14  and task S 32  described above may be performed together instead of separately. 
       FIG. 10  illustrates the contents of the address book stored in the storage device  11  in a table  1100 . Impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data, which are fingerprint data of those impersonating a registered user, and potential impersonator&#39;s fingerprint data, which are fingerprint data of those who may is impersonating a registered user, is added to and stored in the address book. 
       FIG. 11  is an illustration of a flowchart showing a receiving process  1100  of the mobile terminal  1  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The various tasks performed in connection with the process  1100  may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, a computer-readable medium having computer executable instructions for performing the process method, or any combination thereof. The process  1100  may be recorded in a computer-readable medium such as a semiconductor memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, and the like, and can be accessed and executed, for example, by a computer CPU such as the control module  19  in which the computer-readable medium is stored. It should be appreciated that process  1100  may include any number of additional or alternative tasks, the tasks shown in  FIG. 11  need not be performed in the illustrated order, and process  1100  may be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality not described in detail herein. For illustrative purposes, the following description of process  1100  may refer to elements mentioned above in connection with  FIGS. 1-10 . In practical embodiments, portions of process  1100  may be performed by different elements of the mobile terminal  1  for example the storage device  11 , the sound receiving module  12 , the sound generation module  13 , the touch panel  14 , the communication module  15 , and the control module  19 , etc. The process  1100  may have functions, material, and structures that are similar to the embodiments shown in  FIGS. 1-10 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     In process  1100  task S 14 , process  600 , and process  800  of the process  500  shown in  FIG. 5  have been changed to task S 71 , task S 72 , and task S 73 . Therefore common features, functions, and elements may not be redundantly described here. 
     If the control module  19  determines that the received data received by the receiving module  15   b  are fingerprint-added data (inquiry task  12 ), the control module  19  detects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the biological information detection module  14   c  of the touch panel  14  at the time of acceptance of an input operation for displaying the received data on the operation module  14   b  of touch panel  14 . Then, the control module  19  determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data or registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (inquiry task  71 ). 
     If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data or registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“YES” branch of inquiry task S 71 ), the control module  19  displays the fingerprint-added data to which the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data have been added on the touch panel  14  (display module  14   a ) in task S 72 . Therefore, if the transmitter or registered person who has transmitted the fingerprint-added data operates the mobile terminal  1 , the fingerprint-added data are displayed on the mobile terminal  1 . 
     If the control module  19  determines that the operator&#39;s fingerprint data do not correspond to the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data and the operator&#39;s fingerprint data do not correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data (“No” branch of inquiry task S 71 ), task S 73  is performed. In task S 73 , although the operation to display the fingerprint-added data to which the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data have been added on the touch panel  14  has been performed on the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  prohibits the fingerprint-added data from being displayed on the touch panel  14 . Therefore, it is possible to prevent a third party other than the registered person or transmitter from browsing the fingerprint-added data of the mobile terminal  1  more securely. 
     After the control module  19  performs task S 32  in process  800  as shown in  FIG. 8 , according to an embodiment of the disclosure, the control module  19  stores the e-mail address identifying the communication partner terminal  101  as the registered address in the address book and also stores the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book. Thus, it is possible to omit input operations to store the e-mail address and the transmitter&#39;s fingerprint data in the address book. 
     When the control module  19  performs task S 34  shown in process  800  in  FIG. 8 , a signal notifying that the fingerprint-added data are prohibited from being displayed is transmitted from the transmitting module  15   a  to the communication partner terminal  101  that has transmitted the fingerprint-added data. This allows the mobile terminal  1  to notify the transmitter that an operation to display the data transmitted by him/her has been performed but the data have been prohibited from being browsed on the transmission destination of the mobile terminal  1 . 
     When the control module  19  performs the same task S 34 , the control module  19  disables subsequent input operations on the touch panel  14 . This allows the mobile terminal  1  to prevent improper use by third parties. When the control module  19  performs the same task S 34 , it turns the backlight of the LCD of the touch panel  14  OFF. This allows the mobile terminal  1  to reduce power consumption. 
     After task S 34 , when the operator&#39;s fingerprint data are detected by the touch panel  14 , the control module  19  determines whether the operator&#39;s fingerprint data correspond to the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data, and if it determines that they correspond, it releases the disabling of input operations on the touch panel  14  and turns the backlight of the LCD of the touch panel  140 N. Then, the control module  19  displays that the mobile terminal  1  has been operated by a third party on the touch panel  14 . Moreover, if it determines that there are received data that have never been displayed on the touch panel  14 , it displays on the touch panel  14  that there are received data that have never been displayed. Herein, if the control module  19  determines that there are fingerprint-added data that have never been displayed on the touch panel  14 , it may display on the touch panel  14  that there are fingerprint-added data that have never been displayed. 
     The mobile terminal  1  described above uses fingerprint data of the operator, etc. as information for accurately identifying the operator, etc. However, instead of fingerprint data, biological information other than fingerprint data, such as iris data identifying optical iris patterns or digital vein data identifying finger vein patterns, may be used. If the biological information detection module  14   c  comprises, for example, a camera that captures the operator&#39;s iris as image data, the biological information detection module  14   c  can detect iris data based on the image data. If the biological information detection module  14   c  comprises, for example, an infrared irradiation module that irradiates a plurality of infrared rays to a plurality of parts of the operator&#39;s finger and an infrared detection module that detects the plurality of infrared rays penetrated through the finger, the biological information detection module  14   c  can detect the operator&#39;s digital vein data based on the infrared rays detected by the infrared detection part. 
     In the above embodiments, if an input operation to transmit the data is performed in task S 6  after the authorization level is read in tasks S 3  and S 4 , the control module  19  detects the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14  in task S 7 , adds the operator&#39;s fingerprint data to the data to be transmitted, and performs transmission to the communication partner terminal  101 . 
     However, the above embodiments, are not limited to this, and after task S 6  and before task S 7 , the control module  19  may display an indication on the touch panel  14  that prompts the operator to touch the touch panel  14 . Moreover, in task S 7 , when the control module  19  displays as such, it may detect the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14 , add the detected operator&#39;s fingerprint data to the data to be transmitted, and perform transmission to the communication partner terminal  101 . Alternatively, after task S 6 , in task S 7 , the control module  19  may add the registered person&#39;s fingerprint data stored in the storage device  11  to the data to be transmitted and perform transmission to the communication partner terminal  101  without detecting the operator&#39;s fingerprint data on the touch panel  14 . 
     In the above embodiments, the mobile terminal  1  sets the authorization level and transmitting the set authorization level by including the authorization level in the data to be transmitted. However, the effect described above can be acquired even if the set authorization level is not necessarily transmitted by being included in the data to be transmitted, and the mobile terminal  1  may not have a function to set the authorization level. In this case, the details of the foregoing embodiments may be combined. 
     In an embodiment, if the mobile terminal  1  sets the authorization level, the mobile terminal  1  can select whether to transmit the authorization level through an input operation on the touch panel  14 . In this case, regardless of whether the mobile terminal  1  transmits the authorization level, the details of the foregoing embodiments may be combined. 
     While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment or embodiments. Variations may be apparent to those skilled in the art. In carrying out the present disclosure, various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur in regard to the elements of the above-described embodiment insofar as they are within the technical scope of the present disclosure or the equivalents thereof. The exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the disclosure in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a template for implementing the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that various changes can be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the appended claims and the legal equivalents thereof. Furthermore, although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that changes and modifications may be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being comprised within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. 
     Terms and phrases used in this document, and variations hereof, unless otherwise expressly stated, should be construed as open ended as opposed to limiting. As examples of the foregoing: the term “including” should be read as mean “including, without limitation” or the like; the term “example” is used to provide exemplary instances of the item in discussion, not an exhaustive or limiting list thereof; and adjectives such as “conventional,” “traditional,” “normal,” “standard,” “known” and terms of similar meaning should not be construed as limiting the item described to a given time period or to an item available as of a given time, but instead should be read to encompass conventional, traditional, normal, or standard technologies that may be available or known now or at any time in the future. Likewise, a group of items linked with the conjunction “and” should not be read as requiring that each and every one of those items be present in the grouping, but rather should be read as “and/or” unless expressly stated otherwise. Similarly, a group of items linked with the conjunction “or” should not be read as requiring mutual exclusivity among that group, but rather should also be read as “and/or” unless expressly stated otherwise. Furthermore, although items, elements or components of the present disclosure may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated to be within the scope thereof unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated. The presence of broadening words and phrases such as “one or more,” “at least,” “but not limited to” or other like phrases in some instances shall not be read to mean that the narrower case is intended or required in instances where such broadening phrases may be absent. The term “about” when referring to a numerical value or range is intended to encompass values resulting from experimental error that can occur when taking measurements.