Patent Publication Number: US-10775588-B2

Title: Camera optical lens

Description:
FIELD OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE 
     The present disclosure relates to optical lens, in particular to a camera optical lens suitable for handheld devices such as smart phones and digital cameras and imaging devices. 
     DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART 
     With the emergence of smart phones in recent years, the demand for miniature camera lens is increasing day by day, but the photosensitive devices of general camera lens are no other than Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or Complementary metal-Oxide Semiconductor Sensor (CMOS sensor), and as the progress of the semiconductor manufacturing technology makes the pixel size of the photosensitive devices shrink, coupled with the current development trend of electronic products being that their functions should be better and their shape should be thin and small, miniature camera lens with good imaging quality therefor has become a mainstream in the market. In order to obtain better imaging quality, the lens that is traditionally equipped in mobile phone cameras adopts a three-piece or four-piece lens structure. And, with the development of technology and the increase of the diverse demands of users, and under this circumstances that the pixel area of photosensitive devices is shrinking steadily and the requirement of the system for the imaging quality is improving constantly, the five-piece, six-piece and seven-piece lens structure gradually appear in lens design. There is an urgent need for ultra-thin wide-angle camera lenses which have good optical characteristics and the chromatic aberration of which is fully corrected. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Many aspects of the exemplary embodiments can be better understood with reference to the following drawings. The components in the drawing are not necessarily drawn to scale, the emphasis instead being placed upon clearly illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of a camera optical lens in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  shows the longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 3  shows the lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 4  presents a schematic diagram of the field curvature and distortion of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of a camera optical lens in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  presents the longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 7  presents the lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 8  presents the field curvature and distortion of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 5 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram of a camera optical lens in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  presents the longitudinal aberration of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 11  presents the lateral color of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 9 ; 
         FIG. 12  presents the field curvature and distortion of the camera optical lens shown in  FIG. 9 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
     The present disclosure will hereinafter be described in detail with reference to several exemplary embodiments. To make the technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present disclosure more apparent, the present disclosure is described in further detail together with the figure and the embodiments. It should be understood the specific embodiments described hereby is only to explain the disclosure, not intended to limit the disclosure. 
     Embodiment 1 
     As referring to  FIG. 1 , the present invention provides a camera optical lens  10 .  FIG. 1  shows the camera optical lens  10  of embodiment 1 of the present invention, the camera optical lens  10  comprises 6 lenses. Specifically, from the object side to the image side, the camera optical lens  10  comprises in sequence: an aperture S1, a first lens L1, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, a fourth lens L4, a fifth lens L5, and a sixth lens L6. Optical element like optical filter GF can be arranged between the sixth lens L6 and the image surface Si. The first lens L1 is made of glass material, the second lens L2 is made of glass material, the third lens L3 is made of plastic material, the fourth lens L4 is made of plastic material, the fifth lens L5 is made of plastic material, and the sixth lens L6 is made of plastic material. 
     The second lens L2 has a positive refractive power, and the third lens L3 has a negative refractive power. 
     Here, the focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is defined as f, the focal length of the first lens is defined as f1. The camera optical lens  10  further satisfies the following condition: 0.5≤f1/f≤10. Condition 0.5≤f1/f≤10 fixes the positive refractive power of the first lens L1. If the upper limit of the set value is exceeded, although it benefits the ultra-thin development of lenses, but the positive refractive power of the first lens L1 will be too strong, problem like aberration is difficult to be corrected, and it is also unfavorable for wide-angle development of lens. On the contrary, if the lower limit of the set value is exceeded, the positive refractive power of the first lens L1 becomes too weak, it is then difficult to develop ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, 1.049≤f1/f≤7.451. 
     The refractive index of the first lens L1 is defined as n1. Here the following condition should satisfied: 1.7≤n1≤2.2. This condition fixes the refractive index of the first lens L1, and refractive index within this range benefits the ultra-thin development of lenses, and it also benefits the correction of aberration. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, 1.704≤n1≤2.138. 
     The refractive index of the second lens L2 is defined as n2. Here the following condition should satisfied: 1.7≤n2≤2.2. This condition fixes the refractive index of the second lens L2, and refractive index within this range benefits the ultra-thin development of lenses, and it also benefits the correction of aberration. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, 1.703≤n2≤2.103. 
     In this embodiment, the first lens L1 has a positive refractive power with a convex object side surface relative to the proximal axis and a concave image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens L1 is defined as R1, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the first lens L1 is defined as R2. The camera optical lens  10  further satisfies the following condition: −25.36≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤−3.06, which fixes the shape of the first lens L1. When the value is beyond this range, with the development into the direction of ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses, problem like aberration of the off-axis picture angle is difficult to be corrected. Preferably, the condition −15.85≤(R1+R2)/(R1−R2)≤−3.82 shall be satisfied. 
     The thickness on-axis of the first lens L1 is defined as d1, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.02≤d1/TTL≤0.13 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the first lens L1 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.03≤d1/TTL≤0.11 shall be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the second lens L2 has a positive refractive power with a convex object side surface relative to the proximal axis and a concave image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the focal length of the second lens L2 is f2. The following condition should be satisfied: 0.78≤f2/f≤3.15. When the condition is satisfied, the positive refractive power of the second lens L2 is controlled within reasonable scope, the spherical aberration caused by the first lens L1 which has positive refractive power and the field curvature of the system then can be reasonably and effectively balanced. Preferably, the condition 1.25≤f2/f≤2.52 should be satisfied. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the second lens L2 is defined as R3, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the second lens L2 is defined as R4. The following condition should be satisfied: −2.81≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−0.85, which fixes the shape of the second lens L2 and can effectively correct aberration of the camera optical lens. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, −1.76≤(R3+R4)/(R3−R4)≤−1.06. 
     The thickness on-axis of the second lens L2 is defined as d3, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.05≤d3/TTL≤0.20 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the second lens L2 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.08≤d3/TTL≤0.16 shall be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the third lens L3 has a negative refractive power with a convex object side surface relative to the proximal axis and a concave image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the focal length of the third lens L3 is f3. The following condition should be satisfied: −3.87≤f3/f≤−1.09, by which the field curvature of the system then can be reasonably and effectively balanced. Preferably, the condition −2.42≤f3/f≤−1.37 should be satisfied. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the third lens L3 is defined as R5, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the third lens L3 is defined as R6. The following condition should be satisfied: 1.14≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤3.95, by which, with the development into the direction of ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses, problem like aberration of the off-axis picture angle is difficult to be corrected. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, 1.82≤(R5+R6)/(R5−R6)≤3.16. 
     The thickness on-axis of the third lens L3 is defined as d5, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.02≤d5/TTL≤0.08 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the third lens L3 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.03≤d5/TTL≤0.06 shall be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the fourth lens L4 has a positive refractive power with a convex object side surface and a convex image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the focal length of the fourth lens L4 is f4. The following condition should be satisfied: 0.96≤f4/f≤3.53, which can effectively reduce the sensitivity of lens group used in camera and further enhance the imaging quality. Preferably, the condition 1.53≤f4/f≤2.82 should be satisfied. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R7, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fourth lens L4 is defined as R8. The following condition should be satisfied: −0.85≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤−0.10, by which, with the development into the direction of ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses, problem like aberration of the off-axis picture angle is difficult to be corrected. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, −0.53≤(R7+R8)/(R7−R8)≤−0.12. 
     The thickness on-axis of the fourth lens L4 is defined as d7, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.04≤d7/TTL≤0.14 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the fourth lens L4 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.06≤d7/TTL≤0.11 shall be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the fifth lens L5 has a negative refractive power with a concave object side surface and a convex image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the focal length of the fifth lens L5 is f5. The following condition should be satisfied: −14.62≤f5/f≤−3.23, which can effectively smooth the light angles of the camera and reduce the tolerance sensitivity. Preferably, the condition −9.14≤f5/f≤−4.04 should be satisfied. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the fifth lens L5 is defined as R9, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the fifth lens L5 is defined as R10. The following condition should be satisfied: −9.82≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤−2.54, by which, the shape of the fifth lens L5 is fixed, further, with the development into the direction of ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses, problem like aberration of the off-axis picture angle is difficult to be corrected. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, −6.14≤(R9+R10)/(R9−R10)≤−3.17. 
     The thickness on-axis of the fifth lens L5 is defined as d9, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.04≤d9/TTL≤0.15 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the fifth lens L5 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.06≤d9/TTL≤0.12 shall be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the sixth lens L6 has a positive refractive power with a convex object side surface and a concave image side surface relative to the proximal axis. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the focal length of the sixth lens L6 is f6. The following condition should be satisfied: 2.42≤f6/f≤11.62, which can effectively reduce the sensitivity of lens group used in camera and further enhance the imaging quality. Preferably, the condition 3.87≤f6/f≤9.30 should be satisfied. 
     The curvature radius of the object side surface of the sixth lens L6 is defined as R11, the curvature radius of the image side surface of the sixth lens L6 is defined as R12. The following condition should be satisfied: 6.99≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤27.55, by which, the shape of the sixth lens L6 is fixed, further, with the development into the direction of ultra-thin and wide-angle lenses, problem like aberration of the off-axis picture angle is difficult to be corrected. Preferably, the following condition shall be satisfied, 11.18≤(R11+R12)/(R11−R12)≤22.04. 
     The thickness on-axis of the sixth lens L6 is defined as d11, and the total optical length of the camera optical lens  10  is defined as TTL. The following condition: 0.07≤d11/TTL≤0.22 should be satisfied. This condition fixes the ratio between the thickness on-axis of the sixth lens L6 and the total optical length TTL. When the condition is satisfied, it is beneficial for realization of the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.11≤d11/TTL≤0.17 shall be satisfied. 
     The focal length of the whole camera optical lens  10  is f, the combined focal length of the first lens L1 and the second lens L2 is f12. The following condition should be satisfied: 0.48≤f12/f≤1.83, which can effectively avoid the aberration and field curvature of the camera optical lens, and can suppress the rear focal length for realizing the ultra-thin lens. Preferably, the condition 0.76≤f12/f≤1.46 should be satisfied. 
     In this embodiment, the total optical length TTL of the camera optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 5.81 mm, it is beneficial for the realization of ultra-thin lenses. Preferably, the total optical length TTL of the camera optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 5.55 mm. 
     In this embodiment, the aperture F number of the camera optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 1.96. A large aperture has better imaging performance. Preferably, the aperture F number of the camera optical lens  10  is less than or equal to 1.92. 
     With such design, the total optical length TTL of the whole camera optical lens  10  can be made as short as possible, thus the miniaturization characteristics can be maintained. 
     In the following, an example will be used to describe the camera optical lens  10  of the present invention. The symbols recorded in each example are as follows. The unit of distance, radius and center thickness is mm. 
     TTL: Optical length (the distance on-axis from the object side surface of the first lens L1 to the image surface). 
     Preferably, inflexion points and/or arrest points can also be arranged on the object side surface and/or image side surface of the lens, so that the demand for high quality imaging can be satisfied, the description below can be referred for specific implementable scheme. 
     The design information of the camera optical lens  10  in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in the following, the unit of the focal length, distance, radius and center thickness is mm. 
     The design information of the camera optical lens  10  in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in the tables 1 and 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 R 
                 d 
                 nd 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S1 
                 ∞ 
                 d0= 
                 −0.290 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 2.025 
                 d1= 
                 0.471 
                 nd1 
                 1.7083 
                 ν1 
                 54.64 
               
               
                 R2 
                 3.155 
                 d2= 
                 0.118 
               
               
                 R3 
                 5.584 
                 d3= 
                 0.552 
                 nd2 
                 1.7055 
                 ν2 
                 70.02 
               
               
                 R4 
                 46.958 
                 d4= 
                 0.037 
               
               
                 R5 
                 6.633 
                 d5= 
                 0.227 
                 nd3 
                 1.6871 
                 ν3 
                 29.37 
               
               
                 R6 
                 2.746 
                 d6= 
                 0.209 
               
               
                 R7 
                 9.707 
                 d7= 
                 0.423 
                 nd4 
                 1.5575 
                 ν4 
                 70.00 
               
               
                 R8 
                 −12.962 
                 d8= 
                 0.443 
               
               
                 R9 
                 −4.278 
                 d9= 
                 0.479 
                 nd5 
                 1.5264 
                 ν5 
                 40.00 
               
               
                 R10 
                 −7.328 
                 d10= 
                 0.217 
               
               
                 R11 
                 1.235 
                 d11= 
                 0.728 
                 nd6 
                 1.5047 
                 ν6 
                 51.49 
               
               
                 R12 
                 1.070 
                 d12= 
                 0.585 
               
               
                 R13 
                 ∞ 
                 d13= 
                 0.210 
                 ndg 
                 1.5168 
                 νg 
                 64.17 
               
               
                 R14 
                 ∞ 
                 d14= 
                 0.581 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Where: 
     In which, the meaning of the various symbols is as follows. 
     S1: Aperture; 
     R: The curvature radius of the optical surface, the central curvature radius in case of lens; 
     R1: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the first lens L1; 
     R2: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the first lens L1; 
     R3: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the second lens L2; 
     R4: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the second lens L2; 
     R5: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the third lens L3; 
     R6: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the third lens L3; 
     R7: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the fourth lens L4; 
     R8: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the fourth lens L4; 
     R9: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the fifth lens L5; 
     R10: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the fifth lens L5; 
     R11: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the sixth lens L6; 
     R12: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the sixth lens L6; 
     R13: The curvature radius of the object side surface of the optical filter GF; 
     R14: The curvature radius of the image side surface of the optical filter GF; 
     d: The thickness on-axis of the lens and the distance on-axis between the lens; 
     d0: The distance on-axis from aperture S1 to the object side surface of the first lens L1; 
     d1: The thickness on-axis of the first lens L1; 
     d2: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the first lens L1 to the object side surface of the second lens L2; 
     d3: The thickness on-axis of the second lens L2; 
     d4: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the second lens L2 to the object side surface of the third lens L3; 
     d5: The thickness on-axis of the third lens L3; 
     d6: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the third lens L3 to the object side surface of the fourth lens L4; 
     d7: The thickness on-axis of the fourth lens L4; 
     d8: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the fourth lens L4 to the object side surface of the fifth lens L5; 
     d9: The thickness on-axis of the fifth lens L5; 
     d10: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the fifth lens L5 to the object side surface of the sixth lens L6; 
     d11: The thickness on-axis of the sixth lens L6; 
     d12: The distance on-axis from the image side surface of the sixth lens L6 to the object side surface of the optical filter GF; 
     d13: The thickness on-axis of the optical filter GF; 
     d14: The distance on-axis from the image side surface to the image surface of the optical filter GF; 
     nd: The refractive index of the d line; 
     nd1: The refractive index of the d line of the first lens L1; 
     nd2: The refractive index of the d line of the second lens L2; 
     nd3: The refractive index of the d line of the third lens L3; 
     nd4: The refractive index of the d line of the fourth lens L4; 
     nd5: The refractive index of the d line of the fifth lens L5; 
     nd6: The refractive index of the d line of the sixth lens L6; 
     ndg: The refractive index of the d line of the optical filter GF; 
     vd: The abbe number; 
     v1: The abbe number of the first lens L1; 
     v2: The abbe number of the second lens L2; 
     v3: The abbe number of the third lens L3; 
     v4: The abbe number of the fourth lens L4; 
     v5: The abbe number of the fifth lens L5; 
     v6: The abbe number of the sixth lens L6; 
     vg: The abbe number of the optical filter GF. 
     Table 2 shows the aspherical surface data of the camera optical lens  10  in the embodiment 1 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Conic Index 
                 Aspherical Surface Index 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 k 
                 A4 
                 A6 
                 A8 
                 A10 
                 A12 
                 A14 
                 A16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 −1.5489E−01 
                 −0.012240141 
                 0.005897746 
                 −0.012806092 
                 0.01465376 
                 −0.009626709 
                 0.003988341 
                 −0.001114762 
               
               
                 R2 
                  3.5133E+00 
                 −0.021603365 
                 −0.046154235 
                 0.039602873 
                 0.006587655 
                 −0.012838977 
                 0.003583027 
                 −0.001445876 
               
               
                 R3 
                  2.6219E+00 
                 0.017672374 
                 −0.036610715 
                 0.006853315 
                 0.044218044 
                 −0.023935885 
                 −0.00085562 
                 6.61157E−05  
               
               
                 R4 
                  1.1847E+03 
                 −0.012699665 
                 0.011206655 
                 −0.12905081 
                 0.074105751 
                 0.014715735 
                 −0.014718843 
                 0.000343978 
               
               
                 R5 
                  1.1505E+01 
                 −0.1179901 
                 0.003682044 
                 −0.036633064 
                 −0.031793528 
                 0.086749784 
                 −0.031251095 
                 0.000184702 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −2.0341E+01 
                 −0.012649715 
                 0.0419978 
                 −0.12566054 
                 0.19653578 
                 −0.1300763 
                 0.03257954 
                 0.000873445 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −1.3209E+02 
                 −0.025713424 
                 −0.005018614 
                 0.069251021 
                 −0.060674833 
                 −0.002103159 
                 0.027040193 
                 −0.010911216 
               
               
                 R8 
                  5.1307E+01 
                 −0.01460421 
                 −0.074589519 
                 0.12744754 
                 −0.097367049 
                 0.041686869 
                 −0.007249838 
                 −0.000106697 
               
               
                 R9 
                 −6.5633E+01 
                 0.099322416 
                 −0.29452154 
                 0.39507398 
                 −0.43773072 
                 0.30519705 
                 −0.11600811 
                 0.01803786 
               
               
                 R10 
                  1.0726E+01 
                 −0.10933452 
                 0.20727273 
                 −0.26263932 
                 0.17463425 
                 −0.065165962 
                 1.27E−02 
                 −9.79E−04 
               
               
                 R11 
                 −7.6482E+00 
                 −0.10933452 
                 0.029083087 
                 −0.003492493 
                 4.03926E−05 
                 4.63E−05 
                 2.74E−06 
                 −1.01E−06 
               
               
                 R12 
                 −4.7079E+00 
                 −0.12989778 
                 0.016991376 
                 −0.002696058 
                 0.000181988 
                 2.28E−06 
                 −7.59E−07  
                  9.19E−09 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Among them, K is a conic index, A4, A6, A8, A10, A12, A14, A16 are aspheric surface indexes. 
     IH: Image height
 
 y =( x   2   /R )/[1+{1−( k+ 1)( x   2   /R   2 )} 1/2 ]+ A 4 x   4   +A 6 x   6   +A 8 x   8   +A 10 x   10   +A 12 x   12   +A 14 x   14   +A 16 x   16   (1)
 
     For convenience, the aspheric surface of each lens surface uses the aspheric surfaces shown in the above condition (1). However, the present invention is not limited to the aspherical polynomials form shown in the condition (1). 
     Table 3 and table 4 show the inflexion points and the arrest point design data of the camera optical lens  10  lens in embodiment 1 of the present invention. In which, P1R1 and P1R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the first lens L1, P2R1 and P2R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the second lens L2, P3R1 and P3R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the third lens L3, P4R1 and P4R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the fourth lens L4, P5R and P5R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the fifth lens L5, P6R1 and P6R2 represent respectively the object side surface and image side surface of the sixth lens L6. The data in the column named “inflexion point position” are the vertical distances from the inflexion points arranged on each lens surface to the optic axis of the camera optical lens  10 . The data in the column named “arrest point position” are the vertical distances from the arrest points arranged on each lens surface to the optic axis of the camera optical lens  10 . 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
               
               
                   
                 number 
                 position 1 
                 position 2 
                 position 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 P1R1 
                 0 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 P1R2 
                 1 
                 1.125 
               
               
                 P2R1 
                 1 
                 1.065 
               
               
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.345 
               
               
                 P3R1 
                 3 
                 0.335 
                 1.025 
                 1.225 
               
               
                 P3R2 
                 0 
               
               
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 1.005 
               
               
                 P4R2 
                 2 
                 1.015 
                 1.315 
               
               
                 P5R1 
                 1 
                 1.385 
               
               
                 P5R2 
                 1 
                 1.625 
               
               
                 P6R1 
                 2 
                 0.475 
                 1.885 
               
               
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 0.635 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 4 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Arrest point number 
                 Arrest point position 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 P1R1 
                 0 
                   
               
               
                   
                 P1R2 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P2R1 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.505 
               
               
                   
                 P3R1 
                 1 
                 0.565 
               
               
                   
                 P3R2 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 1.135 
               
               
                   
                 P4R2 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P5R1 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P5R2 
                 0 
               
               
                   
                 P6R1 
                 1 
                 0.975 
               
               
                   
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 1.505 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  show the longitudinal aberration and lateral color schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 486.1 nm, 587.6 nm and 656.3 nm passes the camera optical lens  10  in the first embodiment.  FIG. 4  shows the field curvature and distortion schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 587.6 nm passes the camera optical lens  10  in the first embodiment, the field curvature S in  FIG. 4  is a field curvature in the sagittal direction, T is a field curvature in the meridian direction. 
     Table 13 shows the various values of the embodiments 1, 2, 3, and the values corresponding with the parameters which are already specified in the conditions. 
     As shown in Table 13, the first embodiment satisfies the various conditions. 
     In this embodiment, the pupil entering diameter of the camera optical lens is 2.2412 mm, the full vision field image height is 3.512 mm, the vision field angle in the diagonal direction is 79.03°, it has wide-angle and is ultra-thin, its on-axis and off-axis chromatic aberrations are fully corrected, and it has excellent optical characteristics. 
     Embodiment 2 
     Embodiment 2 is basically the same as embodiment 1, the meaning of its symbols is the same as that of embodiment 1, in the following, only the differences are described. 
     Table 5 and table 6 show the design data of the camera optical lens  20  in embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 R 
                 d 
                 nd 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S1 
                 ∞ 
                 d0= 
                 −0.246 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 2.227 
                 d1= 
                 0.325 
                 nd1 
                 2.0747 
                 ν1 
                 41.60 
               
               
                 R2 
                 2.947 
                 d2= 
                 0.183 
               
               
                 R3 
                 7.060 
                 d3= 
                 0.498 
                 nd2 
                 2.0054 
                 ν2 
                 69.98 
               
               
                 R4 
                 42.003 
                 d4= 
                 0.033 
               
               
                 R5 
                 6.919 
                 d5= 
                 0.215 
                 nd3 
                 1.6613 
                 ν3 
                 24.32 
               
               
                 R6 
                 2.692 
                 d6= 
                 0.228 
               
               
                 R7 
                 7.150 
                 d7= 
                 0.476 
                 nd4 
                 1.5077 
                 ν4 
                 70.00 
               
               
                 R8 
                 −12.776 
                 d8= 
                 0.475 
               
               
                 R9 
                 −3.870 
                 d9= 
                 0.535 
                 nd5 
                 1.5078 
                 ν5 
                 40.00 
               
               
                 R10 
                 −6.362 
                 d10= 
                 0.248 
               
               
                 R11 
                 1.380 
                 d11= 
                 0.749 
                 nd6 
                 1.5067 
                 ν6 
                 40.04 
               
               
                 R12 
                 1.237095 
                 d12= 
                 0.553 
               
               
                 R13 
                 ∞ 
                 d13= 
                 0.210 
                 ndg 
                 1.5168 
                 νg 
                 64.17 
               
               
                 R14 
                 ∞ 
                 d14= 
                 0.549 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 6 shows the aspherical surface data of each lens of the camera optical lens  20  in embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Conic Index 
                 Aspherical Surface Index 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 k 
                 A4 
                 A6 
                 A8 
                 A10 
                 A12 
                 A14 
                 A16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 −1.5343E−01 
                 −0.013532506 
                 0.007974285 
                 −0.011897358 
                 0.014900877 
                 −0.009635057 
                 0.00399818 
                 −0.001016681 
               
               
                 R2 
                  3.5532E+00 
                 −0.021623158 
                 −0.046633682 
                 0.040250863 
                 0.007340693 
                 −0.012297593 
                 0.003780539 
                 −0.00140239 
               
               
                 R3 
                  7.0662E+00 
                 0.021294461 
                 −0.037674795 
                 0.004920683 
                 0.043649425 
                 −0.023415992 
                 −0.000344967 
                 0.00046605 
               
               
                 R4 
                  9.8692E+02 
                 −0.0060283 
                 0.014983689 
                 −0.12748535 
                 0.074212806 
                 0.014697441 
                 −0.014703373 
                 0.00037764 
               
               
                 R5 
                  1.6894E+01 
                 −0.1115662 
                 0.006111122 
                 −0.035003884 
                 −0.030797457 
                 0.087143864 
                 −0.031160135 
                 0.000165883 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −2.1991E+01 
                 −0.016214011 
                 0.047642116 
                 −0.12065217 
                 0.19885068 
                 −0.12939581 
                 0.032511634 
                 0.000489616 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −1.4654E+02 
                 −0.031741972 
                 −0.012080745 
                 0.06517323 
                 −0.058654869 
                 −0.000218469 
                 0.027598452 
                 −0.011273532 
               
               
                 R8 
                  5.7012E+01 
                 −0.005982857 
                 −0.077271361 
                 0.12659674 
                 −0.097634544 
                 0.041792652 
                 −0.007070618 
                 −9.66363E−05   
               
               
                 R9 
                 −2.6811E+01 
                 0.076776544 
                 −0.29799872 
                 0.39830941 
                 −0.43706733 
                 0.3053999 
                 −0.11590206 
                 0.018031789 
               
               
                 R10 
                  1.0672E+01 
                 −0.14847567 
                 0.21234583 
                 −0.26220706 
                 0.17465937 
                 −0.06517777 
                 1.27E−02 
                 −9.69E−04 
               
               
                 R11 
                 −8.6677E+00 
                 −0.14847567 
                 0.029136044 
                 −0.003500602 
                 2.76021E−05 
                 4.40E−05 
                 2.64E−06 
                 −9.55E−07 
               
               
                 R12 
                 −5.3732E+00 
                 −0.12700307 
                 0.016993576 
                 −0.002708539 
                 0.000180775 
                 2.30E−06 
                 −7.41E−07  
                  1.19E−08 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 7 and table 8 show the inflexion points and the arrest point design data of the camera optical lens  20  lens in embodiment 2 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
               
               
                   
                 number 
                 position 1 
                 position 2 
                 position 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 P1R1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 P1R2 
               
               
                 P2R1 
                 1 
                 1.105 
               
               
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.415 
               
               
                 P3R1 
                 3 
                 0.345 
                 0.985 
                 1.265 
               
               
                 P3R2 
               
               
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 0.455 
               
               
                 P4R2 
                 2 
                 1.025 
                 1.355 
               
               
                 P5R1 
                 1 
                 1.365 
               
               
                 P5R2 
                 1 
                 1.595 
               
               
                 P6R1 
                 3 
                 0.465 
                 1.945 
                 2.155 
               
               
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 0.645 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 8 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Arrest 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 point number 
                 Arrest point position 1 
                 Arrest point position 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 P1R1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 P1R2 
               
               
                 P2R1 
               
               
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.575 
               
               
                 P3R1 
                 2 
                 0.575 
                 1.145 
               
               
                 P3R2 
               
               
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 1.075 
               
               
                 P4R2 
               
               
                 P5R1 
               
               
                 P5R2 
               
               
                 P6R1 
                 1 
                 0.955 
               
               
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 1.525 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  show the longitudinal aberration and lateral color schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 486.1 nm, 587.6 nm and 656.3 nm passes the camera optical lens  20  in the second embodiment.  FIG. 8  shows the field curvature and distortion schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 587.6 nm passes the camera optical lens  20  in the second embodiment. 
     As shown in Table 13, the second embodiment satisfies the various conditions. 
     In this embodiment, the pupil entering diameter of the camera optical lens is 2.1858 mm, the full vision field image height is 3.512 mm, the vision field angle in the diagonal direction is 80.440, it has wide-angle and is ultra-thin, its on-axis and off-axis chromatic aberrations are fully corrected, and it has excellent optical characteristics. 
     Embodiment 3 
     Embodiment 3 is basically the same as embodiment 1, the meaning of its symbols is the same as that of embodiment 1, in the following, only the differences are described. 
     Table 9 and table 10 show the design data of the camera optical lens  30  in embodiment 3 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 9 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 R 
                 d 
                 nd 
                 νd 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 S1 
                 ∞ 
                 d0= 
                 −0.174 
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 2.446 
                 d1= 
                 0.231 
                 nd1 
                 1.7081 
                 ν1 
                 30.00 
               
               
                 R2 
                 2.865 
                 d2= 
                 0.079 
               
               
                 R3 
                 4.281 
                 d3= 
                 0.696 
                 nd2 
                 1.7919 
                 ν2 
                 70.00 
               
               
                 R4 
                 33.982 
                 d4= 
                 0.045 
               
               
                 R5 
                 6.179 
                 d5= 
                 0.270 
                 nd3 
                 1.6871 
                 ν3 
                 25.07 
               
               
                 R6 
                 2.777 
                 d6= 
                 0.228 
               
               
                 R7 
                 6.883 
                 d7= 
                 0.371 
                 nd4 
                 1.6587 
                 ν4 
                 70.00 
               
               
                 R8 
                 −17.150 
                 d8= 
                 0.529 
               
               
                 R9 
                 −4.192 
                 d9= 
                 0.390 
                 nd5 
                 1.4580 
                 ν5 
                 40.00 
               
               
                 R10 
                 −6.335 
                 d10= 
                 0.320 
               
               
                 R11 
                 1.180 
                 d11= 
                 0.767 
                 nd6 
                 1.5098 
                 ν6 
                 40.00 
               
               
                 R12 
                 1.048842 
                 d12= 
                 0.578 
               
               
                 R13 
                 ∞ 
                 d13= 
                 0.210 
                 ndg 
                 1.5168 
                 νg 
                 64.17 
               
               
                 R14 
                 ∞ 
                 d14= 
                 0.574 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 10 shows the aspherical surface data of each lens of the camera optical lens  30  in embodiment 3 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 10 
               
             
            
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Conic Index 
                 Aspherical Surface Index 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 k 
                 A4 
                 A6 
                 A8 
                 A10 
                 A12 
                 A14 
                 A16 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 R1 
                 −5.7078E−01 
                 −0.017393336 
                 0.002517106 
                 −0.013846961 
                 0.01442662 
                 −0.009605745 
                 0.004196716 
                 −0.000753166 
               
               
                 R2 
                  3.3862E+00 
                 −0.024642248 
                 −0.046807108 
                 0.03915991 
                 0.006176645 
                 −0.013268864 
                 0.003168196 
                 −0.001824616 
               
               
                 R3 
                  4.6403E+00 
                 0.021418227 
                 −0.037638474 
                 0.005536468 
                 0.043438008 
                 −0.024355705 
                 −0.001144763 
                 −0.000171978 
               
               
                 R4 
                  6.6146E+02 
                 −0.014845168 
                 0.014235635 
                 −0.12681057 
                 0.07496177 
                 0.014862726 
                 −0.014847449 
                 0.000136671 
               
               
                 R5 
                  1.3005E+01 
                 −0.11705036 
                 0.00331569 
                 −0.037415478 
                 −0.032109121 
                 0.086822156 
                 −0.031007086 
                 0.000457307 
               
               
                 R6 
                 −2.1067E+01 
                 −0.017865159 
                 0.032018032 
                 −0.13009706 
                 0.19558411 
                 −0.13041443 
                 0.03210149 
                 0.000301617 
               
               
                 R7 
                 −4.7809E+01 
                 −0.026798507 
                 −0.007069891 
                 0.06874804 
                 −0.060922979 
                 −0.002128516 
                 0.027241869 
                 −0.010559524 
               
               
                 R8 
                  3.5013E+01 
                 −0.012066527 
                 −0.074532208 
                 0.1274874 
                 −0.097188645 
                 0.041701155 
                 −0.007307288 
                 −0.000171812 
               
               
                 R9 
                 −5.7194E+01 
                 0.099668829 
                 −0.29642019 
                 0.39563769 
                 −0.43733904 
                 0.30525442 
                 −0.11607859 
                 0.017953918 
               
               
                 R10 
                  9.5385E+00 
                 0.12680592 
                 0.20825214 
                 −0.26213377 
                 0.17478751 
                 −0.065122403 
                 1.27E−02 
                 −9.67E−04 
               
               
                 R11 
                 −5.7719E+00 
                 −0.12680532 
                 0.028594975 
                 −0.003605043 
                 2.35817E−05 
                 4.43E−05 
                 2.72E−06 
                 −9.22E−07 
               
               
                 R12 
                 −4.1901E+00 
                 −0.12313953 
                 0.017280426 
                 −0.002708753 
                 0.000178864 
                 2.08E−06 
                 −7.48E−07  
                  1.52E−08 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 11 and table 12 show the inflexion points and the arrest point design data of the camera optical lens  30  lens in embodiment 3 of the present invention. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 11 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
                 Inflexion point 
               
               
                   
                 number 
                 position 1 
                 position 2 
                 position 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 P1R1 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 P1R2 
                 1 
                 1.095 
               
               
                 P2R1 
                 1 
                 1.045 
               
               
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.375 
               
               
                 P3R1 
                 3 
                 0.355 
                 1.005 
                 1.265 
               
               
                 P3R2 
                 2 
                 0.675 
                 1.105 
               
               
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 1.025 
               
               
                 P4R2 
                 2 
                 0.965 
                 1.285 
               
               
                 P5R1 
                 1 
                 1.395 
               
               
                 P5R2 
                 1 
                 1.505 
               
               
                 P6R1 
                 1 
                 0.515 
               
               
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 0.675 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 12 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Arrest 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 point number 
                 Arrest point position 1 
                 Arrest point position 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 P1R1 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 P1R2 
               
               
                 P2R1 
               
               
                 P2R2 
                 1 
                 0.555 
               
               
                 P3R1 
                 2 
                 0.585 
                 1.195 
               
               
                 P3R2 
               
               
                 P4R1 
                 1 
                 1.175 
               
               
                 P4R2 
               
               
                 P5R1 
                 1 
                 1.495 
               
               
                 P5R2 
               
               
                 P6R1 
                 1 
                 1.075 
               
               
                 P6R2 
                 1 
                 1.665 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
       FIG. 10  and  FIG. 11  show the longitudinal aberration and lateral color schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 486.1 nm, 587.6 nm and 656.3 nm passes the camera optical lens  30  in the third embodiment.  FIG. 12  shows the field curvature and distortion schematic diagrams after light with a wavelength of 587.6 nm passes the camera optical lens  30  in the third embodiment. 
     As shown in Table 13, the third embodiment satisfies the various conditions. 
     In this embodiment, the pupil entering diameter of the camera optical lens is 2.0652 mm, the full vision field image height is 3.512 mm, the vision field angle in the diagonal direction is 83.66°, it has wide-angle and is ultra-thin, its on-axis and off-axis chromatic aberrations are fully corrected, and it has excellent optical characteristics. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 13 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Embodiment 
                 Embodiment 
                   
               
               
                   
                 1 
                 2 
                 Embodiment 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 f 
                 4.258 
                 4.153 
                 3.924 
               
               
                 f1 
                 6.806 
                 6.877 
                 19.233 
               
               
                 f2 
                 8.934 
                 8.380 
                 6.121 
               
               
                 f3 
                 −6.984 
                 −6.803 
                 −7.584 
               
               
                 f4 
                 10.023 
                 9.104 
                 7.503 
               
               
                 f5 
                 −20.647 
                 −20.976 
                 −28.692 
               
               
                 f6 
                 32.985 
                 30.765 
                 18.985 
               
               
                 f12 
                 4.051 
                 3.946 
                 4.790 
               
               
                 (R1 + R2)/(R1 − R2) 
                 −4.584 
                 −7.190 
                 −12.678 
               
               
                 (R3 + R4)/(R3 − R4) 
                 −1.270 
                 −1.404 
                 −1.288 
               
               
                 (R5 + R6)/(R5 − R6) 
                 2.412 
                 2.274 
                 2.632 
               
               
                 (R7 + R8)/(R7 − R8) 
                 −0.144 
                 −0.282 
                 −0.427 
               
               
                 (R9 + R10)/(R9 − R10) 
                 −3.806 
                 −4.107 
                 −4.912 
               
               
                 (R11 + R12)/(R11 − R12) 
                 13.975 
                 18.367 
                 17.013 
               
               
                 f1/f 
                 1.598 
                 1.656 
                 4.901 
               
               
                 f2/f 
                 2.098 
                 2.018 
                 1.560 
               
               
                 f3/f 
                 −1.640 
                 −1.638 
                 −1.933 
               
               
                 f4/f 
                 2.354 
                 2.192 
                 1.912 
               
               
                 f5/f 
                 −4.849 
                 −5.051 
                 −7.312 
               
               
                 f6/f 
                 7.746 
                 7.408 
                 4.838 
               
               
                 f12/f 
                 0.951 
                 0.950 
                 1.221 
               
               
                 d1 
                 0.471 
                 0.325 
                 0.231 
               
               
                 d3 
                 0.552 
                 0.498 
                 0.696 
               
               
                 d5 
                 0.227 
                 0.215 
                 0.270 
               
               
                 d7 
                 0.423 
                 0.476 
                 0.371 
               
               
                 d9 
                 0.479 
                 0.535 
                 0.390 
               
               
                 d11 
                 0.728 
                 0.749 
                 0.767 
               
               
                 Fno 
                 1.900 
                 1.900 
                 1.900 
               
               
                 TTL 
                 5.280 
                 5.278 
                 5.286 
               
               
                 d1/TTL 
                 0.089 
                 0.062 
                 0.044 
               
               
                 d3/TTL 
                 0.104 
                 0.094 
                 0.132 
               
               
                 d5/TTL 
                 0.043 
                 0.041 
                 0.051 
               
               
                 d7/TTL 
                 0.080 
                 0.090 
                 0.070 
               
               
                 d9/TTL 
                 0.091 
                 0.101 
                 0.074 
               
               
                 d11/TTL 
                 0.138 
                 0.142 
                 0.145 
               
               
                 n1 
                 1.7083 
                 2.0747 
                 1.7081 
               
               
                 n2 
                 1.7055 
                 2.0054 
                 1.7919 
               
               
                 n3 
                 1.6871 
                 1.6613 
                 1.6871 
               
               
                 n4 
                 1.5575 
                 1.5077 
                 1.6587 
               
               
                 n5 
                 1.5264 
                 1.5078 
                 1.4580 
               
               
                 n6 
                 1.5047 
                 1.5067 
                 1.5098 
               
               
                 v1 
                 54.6441 
                 41.5963 
                 30.0027 
               
               
                 v2 
                 70.0166 
                 69.9782 
                 70.0008 
               
               
                 v3 
                 29.3744 
                 24.3184 
                 25.0691 
               
               
                 v4 
                 70.0002 
                 69.9999 
                 70.0012 
               
               
                 v5 
                 40.0004 
                 40.0004 
                 40.0042 
               
               
                 v6 
                 51.4930 
                 40.0434 
                 39.9955 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     It is to be understood, however, that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present exemplary embodiments have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structures and functions of the embodiments, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of parts within the principles of the invention to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms where the appended claims are expressed.