Patent Publication Number: US-6987485-B2

Title: Built-in antenna for radio communication terminal

Description:
This application is a 371 of PCT/JP01/07453 Aug. 30, 2001. 
   TECHNICAL FIELD 
   The present invention relates to a built-in antenna used for a radio communication terminal. 
   BACKGROUND ART 
   In order to improve portability, miniaturization of radio communication terminals is being promoted in recent years. In line with this, miniaturization is also required for built-in antennas used for radio communication terminals. As a conventional built-in antenna that meets this requirement, a tabular reverse F-figured antenna is used. A built-in antenna used for a conventional radio communication terminal will be explained below. 
     FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna used for a conventional radio communication terminal. The elements shown in  FIG. 1  are mounted in a package of a radio communication terminal, but an overall view of the radio communication terminal will be omitted for simplicity of explanation. As shown in  FIG. 1 , the conventional radio communication terminal is provided with base plate  1  and tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2 . X, Y and Z denote their respective coordinate axes. 
   Furthermore, the above-described conventional built-in antenna is also used as a diversity antenna to handle variations in the radio wave reception field intensity through multi-paths.  FIG. 2  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal. As shown in  FIG. 2 , this configuration includes monopole antenna  3  as an external antenna in addition to above-described conventional tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2 . Diversity reception is carried out using two antennas; tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2 , which is an internal antenna, and monopole antenna  3 , which is an external antenna, thereby providing stable communications. 
   However, in the case of the tabular reverse F-figured antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal, tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  operates as an exciter to excite base plate  1  rather than as an antenna. For this reason, an antenna current flows into base plate  1 , and therefore the base plate becomes dominant as the antenna. As a result, tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the conventional radio communication terminal has a problem that gain is reduced due to the influence of the user&#39;s body of the above-described radio communication terminal. 
   Here, a specific example of the reception characteristic of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the above-described conventional radio communication terminal will be explained with reference to  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B .  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B  illustrate measured values of the reception characteristic of a tabular reverse F-figured antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal. Here, the size of base plate  1  is assumed to be 120×36 mm and the frequency is assumed to be 2180 MHz. 
   First,  FIG. 3A  illustrates the reception characteristic of the horizontal plane (X-Y plane) in a free space of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the conventional radio communication terminal. In this case, since base plate  1  operates as an antenna, tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  is almost nondirectional as shown in  FIG. 3A . 
   On the other hand,  FIG. 3B  illustrates the reception characteristic of the horizontal plane (X-Y plane) during a conversation of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the conventional radio communication terminal. Here, suppose radio communication terminal is used in a condition as shown in  FIG. 4 . That is, radio communication terminal  4  provided with tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  and monopole antenna  3  is used for a conversation by user  5  in the condition shown in  FIG. 4 . 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 3B , the gain of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  is reduced during a conversation. It is obvious from a comparison between  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B  that the reduction of gain of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  is influenced by the human body, for example, interruption of radio waves by the user&#39;s head or hands. 
   Then, a specific example of the radiation characteristic of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the above-described conventional radio communication terminal will be explained with reference to  FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B .  FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B  illustrate measured values of the radiation characteristic of the tabular reverse F-figured antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal. 
   First,  FIG. 5A  illustrates a radiation characteristic of the horizontal plane (X-Y plane) in a free space of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the conventional radio communication terminal. In this case, base plate  1  operates as an antenna, and therefore tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  is almost nondirectional as shown in  FIG. 5A . 
   On the other hand,  FIG. 5B  illustrates a radiation characteristic of the horizontal plane (X-Y plane) during a conversation of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the conventional radio communication terminal. Here, suppose the radio communication terminal is used in a condition as shown in  FIG. 4 . As is apparent from  FIG. 5B , the gain of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  during a conversation is reduced. It is obvious from a comparison between  FIG. 5A  and  FIG. 5B  that such a reduction of gain of tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  is caused by the influence of the human body, for example, the influence of interception of radio waves by the user&#39;s head or hands. 
   As shown above, tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  used for the above-described conventional radio communication terminal has a problem that gain is reduced by the influence of the human body. 
   Furthermore, with respect to a diversity antenna used for the above-described conventional radio communication terminal, operating tabular reverse F-figured antenna  2  also involves problems similar to those shown above. 
   DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION 
   It is an object of the present invention to provide a built-in antenna for a small-sized, high gain radio communication terminal with less influence of the human body. 
   A first subject of the present invention is to minimize an antenna current flowing into a radio equipment base plate and reduce the influence of the human body during a conversation by providing a dipole antenna for the radio communication terminal and supplying power to the dipole antenna through balanced/unbalanced conversion means having an impedance conversion function. 
   A second subject of the present invention is to allow the antenna to have directivity opposite to the direction of the human body during a conversation by providing a first passive element in parallel to the longitudinal direction of an antenna element making up the dipole antenna and appropriately adjusting the length in the longitudinal direction of the antenna element making up the dipole antenna, the length in the longitudinal direction of the first passive element and the distance between the antenna element making up the dipole antenna and the first passive element. 
   A third subject of the present invention is to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal by placing a second passive element facing the antenna element making up the dipole antenna and appropriately setting the distance between this second passive element and the antenna element making up the dipole antenna by changing mutual impedance between the second passive element and the dipole antenna. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna used for a conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna used for a conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 3A  illustrates a reception characteristic of a tabular reverse F-figured antenna in a free space used for the conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 3B  illustrates a reception characteristic of a tabular reverse F-figured antenna during a conversation used for the conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 4  is a schematic view showing the conventional radio communication terminal during a conversation; 
       FIG. 5A  illustrates a radiation characteristic in a free space of the tabular reverse F-figured antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 5B  illustrates a radiation characteristic during a conversation of the tabular reverse F-figured antenna used for the conventional radio communication terminal; 
       FIG. 6  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 7  illustrates measured values of a reception characteristic during a conversation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1; 
       FIG. 8  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 9  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 10  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 11  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 12  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 13  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 14  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 15  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 16  a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 17  a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 18  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 19  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 13 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 20  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a dipole antenna according to Embodiment 14 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 21  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 15 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 22  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 16 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 23  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a dipole antenna placed on a circuit board according to Embodiment 17 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 24  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a dipole antenna placed on a package case according to Embodiment 18 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 25  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 26  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 20 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 27  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 21 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 28  is a schematic view showing the configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 29  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 30  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 24 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 31  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 25 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 32  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 26 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 33  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 27 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 34  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 28 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 35  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 29 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 36  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 30 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 37  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 31 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 38  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 32 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 39  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 33 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 40  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 34 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 41  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 35 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 42  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 36 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 43  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 37 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 44  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 38 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 45  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 39 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 46  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 40 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 47  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 41 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 48  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 42 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 49  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 43 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 50  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 44 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 51  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 45 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 52  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 46 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 53  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 47 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 54  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 48 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 55  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 56  is a front view showing an appearance of the radio communication terminal with the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49; 
       FIG. 57  is a schematic view of the radio communication terminal with the built-in antenna according to Embodiment 49 during a conversation; 
       FIG. 58  is sectional view viewed from arrow A in  FIG. 55  of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49; 
       FIG. 59  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 50 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 60  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 51 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 61  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 52 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 62  illustrates measured values of a radiation characteristic in a free space of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 52; 
       FIG. 63  illustrates measured values of a radiation characteristic during a conversation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 52; 
       FIG. 64  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 53 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 65  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 54 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 66  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 55 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 67  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 56 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 68  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 57 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 69  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 58 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 70  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 59 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 71  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 72  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 61 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 73  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 62 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 74  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 75  is a Smith chart showing an impedance characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63; 
       FIG. 76  illustrates measured values of a radiation characteristic of a horizontal plane in a free space of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal having a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal shown in  FIG. 74  stripped of the first passive element; 
       FIG. 77  illustrates measured values of a radiation characteristic of a horizontal plane in a free space of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63; 
       FIG. 78  illustrates measured values of a radiation characteristic during a conversation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63; 
       FIG. 79  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 64 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 80  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 65 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 81  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 66 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 82  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 67 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 83  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 68 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 84  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 69 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 85  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 70 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 86  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 71 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 87  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 72 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 88  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 73 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 89  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 74 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 90  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 75 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 91  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a folded-dipole antenna according to Embodiment 76 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 92  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 77 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 93  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 78 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 94  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 79 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 95  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 80 of the present invention; 
       FIG. 96  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 81 of the present invention; and 
       FIG. 97  is a schematic view showing a configuration of main components of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 82 of the present invention. 
   

   BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
   With reference now to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in detail below. 
   (Embodiment 1) 
     FIG. 6  is a schematic view showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The components shown in  FIG. 6  are mounted in the package of the radio communication terminal, but an overall view of the radio communication terminal will be omitted for simplicity of explanation. 
   The built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  12 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and power supply terminals  14 . The components will be explained below. 
   Base plate  11  is a tabular grounded conductor and attached in parallel to the plane (vertical plane) provided with operation buttons, a display and a speaker, etc. (not shown) in the radio communication terminal. 
   Dipole antenna  12  is constructed of two rectangular-wave-shaped (comb-shaped) antenna elements. This reduces the size of the dipole antenna. The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  12  are placed in such a way that their respective centerlines in the longitudinal direction form one straight line. 
   Furthermore, dipole antenna  12  is attached in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. As a result, dipole antenna  12  is provided in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. This allows dipole antenna  12  to mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  12  in a free space. Furthermore, the human body acts as a reflector during a conversation, and therefore dipole antenna  12  has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. 
   Balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  is a conversion circuit having a 1-to-1 or n-to-1 (n: integer) impedance conversion ratio and attached to power supply terminals  14  of dipole antenna  12 . That is, one terminal of balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  is connected to a transmission/reception circuit (not shown) and the other terminal is attached to base plate  11 . In this way, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  performs impedance conversion between dipole antenna  12  and the above-described transmission/reception circuit, and can thereby achieve impedance matching between the two appropriately. Furthermore, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  transforms an unbalanced signal of the above-described transmission/reception circuit to a balanced signal and then supplies to dipole antenna  12 , and can thereby reduce the current that flows into base plate  11  to a minimum. This prevents the action of base plate  11  as an antenna and makes it possible to suppress a reduction of gain of dipole antenna  12  due to influence of the human body. 
   Then, an operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above-described configuration will be explained. The unbalanced signal from the above-described transmission/reception circuit is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  12 . Dipole antenna  12  supplied power in this way sends mainly vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  12 . On the other hand, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the above-described longitudinal direction are received. Therefore, vertically polarized waves from all directions centered on dipole antenna  12  are received in a free space, whereas during a conversation the human body acts as a reflector as described above, and therefore of the above-described vertically polarized waves, vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The above-described signal (balanced signal) received by dipole antenna  12  is sent to the above-described transmission/reception circuit through balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Here, above-described balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  reduces the current flowing into base plate  11  to a minimum, which prevents the antenna operation by base plate  11 . This minimizes a reduction of gain due to influence of the human body. 
   Here, the reception characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to  FIG. 7 .  FIG. 7  illustrates measured values of the reception characteristic during a conversation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. Here, suppose the size of base plate  11  is 120×36 mm, the size of dipole antenna  12  is 63×5 mm, the distance from the human body to dipole antenna  12  is 5 mm and the frequency is 2180 MHz. Furthermore, the direction 270° viewed from the origin in  FIG. 7  corresponds to the direction of the human body viewed from dipole antenna  12  in  FIG. 6 . 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 7 , under the influence of the human body acting as a reflector, dipole antenna  12  has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body, and, for the above-described reason, not only prevents a split of directivity but also has a high gain characteristic compared to the conventional example shown in  FIG. 3B . 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  transforms an unbalanced signal to a balanced signal and can thereby minimize the antenna current flowing into base plate  11 , thus making it possible to suppress gain deterioration of dipole antenna  12  due to influence of the human body. Furthermore, constructing dipole antenna  12  with rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements can reduce the size of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal. Therefore, this embodiment can provide a high gain, small-sized built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal less influence of the human body. 
   (Embodiment 2) 
   Embodiment 2 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is changed. Since Embodiment 2 is the same as Embodiment 1 except the method of mounting the dipole antenna, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Hereafter, differences from Embodiment 1 of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 8 . Components similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 8  is a schematic view showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 2 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  12   a , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and power supply terminals  14 . 
   Dipole antenna  12   a  is attached in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the longitudinal direction of dipole antenna  12   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   This allows dipole antenna  12   a  to suppress deterioration of gain and receive mainly horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  12   a . By the way, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of the antenna matches the polarization plane, which makes it possible to increase the reception gain. 
   According to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12   a  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the antenna elements is parallel to the upper surface of the radio communication terminal, which makes it possible not only to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body but also to mainly receive horizontally polarized waves. This makes it possible to prevent deterioration of gain due to mismatch between the longitudinal direction of the antenna and the polarization plane of the signal from the other end of communication and provide a high gain and small built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 3) 
   Embodiment 3 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is changed. Since Embodiment 3 is the same as Embodiment 1 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 1 will be explained below using  FIG. 9 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 3 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  21 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and power supply terminals  14 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  21  are placed in such a way that the longitudinal directions are perpendicular to each other. 
   Dipole antenna  21  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  21 . The antenna element placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  21  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this antenna element. Furthermore, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. On the other hand, the antenna element placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  21  supplied with power in the same way mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this antenna element. Furthermore, during reception, horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Therefore, in a free space, vertically and horizontally polarized waves from all directions centered on dipole antenna  21  are received. During a conversation, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   This allows dipole antenna  21  to suppress deterioration of gain and receive both vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the respective antenna elements. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either antenna element of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, making it possible to increase reception gain. 
   According to this embodiment, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  can minimize the antenna current that flows into base plate  11  and can thereby suppress deterioration of gain of the dipole antenna  21  caused by influence from the human body. Furthermore, dipole antenna  21  is constructed of rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements, making it possible to miniaturize the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal and provide a high gain and small built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 4) 
   Embodiment 4 is a mode in which the shape of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  12  and the method of mounting dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 are changed. Since Embodiment 4 is the same as Embodiment 1 except for the shape of the antenna elements and method of mounting the dipole antenna, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 1 will be explained below using  FIG. 10 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 10  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 4 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  31 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and power supply terminals  14 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  31  are folded at a point close to the center and the folded planes are formed to be perpendicular to each other. In this case, of the planes perpendicular to each other of the antenna elements, the plane including power supply terminal  14  is called a “first rectangular-wave-shaped plane” and the other plane without power supply terminal  14  is called a “second rectangular-wave-shaped plane”. 
   The antenna elements making up dipole antenna  31  in the above configuration are mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the first rectangular-wave-shaped plane is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus and the longitudinal direction of the second rectangular-wave-shaped plane is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus. 
   That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the longitudinal direction of the first rectangular-wave-shaped plane of dipole antenna  31  is parallel to the upper surface of the radio communication terminal apparatus and the longitudinal direction of the second rectangular-wave-shaped plane is perpendicular to the upper surface of the radio communication terminal apparatus. As a result, as in the case of Embodiment 3, during a conversation, dipole antenna  31  is provided in such a way that the longitudinal direction of part (first rectangular-wave-shaped plane) is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the other part (second rectangular-wave-shaped plane above) is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Thus, this embodiment configured as shown above can also attain effects similar to those of Embodiment 3. 
   Embodiment 5 to Embodiment 11 below are modes in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4. 
   (Embodiment 5) 
   Embodiment 5 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 11 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In  FIG. 11 , monopole antenna  41  is added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is monopole antenna  41  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  41  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and monopole antenna  41  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 1. 
   (Embodiment 6) 
   Embodiment 6 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 5 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 12 . The same components as those in Embodiment 5 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 12  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 12 , the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  12 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  51 . Monopole antenna  51  is constructed of a rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  51  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and monopole antenna  51  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. Furthermore, by providing rectangular-wave-shaped monopole antenna  51 , it is possible to miniaturize the external antenna. 
   (Embodiment 7) 
   Embodiment 7 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 5 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 13 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 5 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 13  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 7 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  12 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  61 . Monopole antenna  61  is constructed of a spiral-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  61  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and monopole antenna  61  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, this embodiment configured as shown above can also attain effects similar to those in Embodiment 6. 
   (Embodiment 8) 
   Embodiment 8 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 1. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 14 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 14  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, this embodiment has a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 1 with another dipole antenna  71  added to one side of base plate  11 . Dipole antenna  71  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  12 . 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  71  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  71  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and dipole antenna  71  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  71 , which is constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  12  are used as the diversity antenna, and it is therefore possible to provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. Moreover, adopting rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna  71  in the same way as for dipole antenna  12  makes it possible to reduce the size of the diversity antenna. 
   (Embodiment 9) 
   Embodiment 9 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  71  in Embodiment 8 is changed. Since Embodiment 9 is the same as Embodiment 8 except for the method of mounting the dipole antenna, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 8 will be explained below using  FIG. 15 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 8 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 15  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, additional dipole antenna  71   a  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 8 in that the longitudinal direction of dipole antenna  71   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. As a result, dipole antenna  71   a  is provided in such a way that the longitudinal direction forms right angles with respect to the human body and at the same time is parallel to the horizontal plane during a conversation. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  71   a  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and dipole antenna  71   a  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  12  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the antenna element. Furthermore, dipole antenna  71   a  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either dipole antenna  12  or  71   a  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore it is possible to increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  71   a  configured in the same way as dipole antenna  12  as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. Moreover, constructing rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna  71   a  in the same way as for dipole antenna  12  can reduce the size of the diversity antenna. 
   (Embodiment 10) 
   As shown in  FIG. 16 , Embodiment 10 is a mode in which dipole antenna  71  used for both transmission and reception in Embodiment 8 is changed to dipole antenna  81  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3. Embodiment 10 is the same as Embodiment 8 except for the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  81 . The parts in  FIG. 16  similar to those in Embodiment 8 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 16  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 10 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  81  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  81  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  12  and dipole antenna  81  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  81  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the respective antenna elements. Furthermore, dipole antenna  12  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of dipole antenna  12  or the longitudinal direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  81  of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and can thereby increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  81  constructed in the same as dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. Moreover, constructing rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna  81  as in the case of dipole antenna  12  can reduce the size of the diversity antenna. 
   (Embodiment 11) 
   As shown in  FIG. 17 , Embodiment 11 is a mode in which dipole antenna  12  used only for reception in Embodiment 10 is changed to dipole antenna  91  constructed in the same as for dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3. Embodiment 11 is the same as Embodiment 10 except for the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  91 . The parts in  FIG. 17  similar to those in Embodiment 10 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 17  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, both dipole antenna  81  and dipole antenna  91  are mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  81  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  81  and dipole antenna  91  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  81  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the respective antenna elements. Furthermore, dipole antenna  91  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the respective antenna elements. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  81  and  91  of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and can thereby increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  81  and dipole antenna  91  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. Moreover, the use of rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antennas  81  and  91  can reduce the size of the diversity antenna. 
   (Embodiment 12) 
     FIG. 18  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  101  according to Embodiment 12 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  101  according to Embodiment 12 is formed in such a way that two antenna elements of the rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna explained in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 11 are placed in parallel and the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel are shorted. 
   The folded-dipole antenna  101  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, applying folded-dipole antenna  101  as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification can attain effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification and further step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 13) 
   Embodiment 13 is a mode in which the configuration of the folded-dipole antenna in Embodiment 12 is changed. Embodiment 13 is the same as Embodiment 12 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. In  FIG. 19 , the parts similar to those in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 11 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 19  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  11  in Embodiment 13 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  111  according to Embodiment 13 is formed in such a way that two rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna elements explained in Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 11 are placed in parallel and impedance elements  112  are attached to the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel. 
   Folded-dipole antenna  111  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, applying folded-dipole antenna  111  as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification can attain effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, further step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. Furthermore, using folded-dipole antenna  111  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna can further widen the band and reduce the size of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 14) 
   Embodiment 14 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification is changed. Embodiment 14 is the same as Embodiment 12 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna. 
     FIG. 20  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  121  used in Embodiment 14 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  121  according to Embodiment 14 is constructed of two spiral-shaped antenna elements. The two spiral-shaped antenna elements making up dipole antenna  121  are placed in such a way that the respective centerlines in the longitudinal direction form one straight line. 
   Dipole antenna  121  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can further reduce the size of the antenna by constructing a dipole antenna with spiral-shaped antenna elements. 
   (Embodiment 15) 
   Embodiment 15 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification is changed. Embodiment 15 is the same as Embodiment 12 except for the configuration and the method of mounting the dipole antenna. 
     FIG. 21  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  131  in Embodiment 15 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  131  according to Embodiment 15 is formed in such a way that the two spiral-shaped dipole antenna elements described in Embodiment 14 are placed in parallel and the ends of these two antenna elements are shorted. 
   The folded-dipole antenna  131  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, by applying folded-dipole antenna  131  as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. Furthermore, adopting folded-dipole antenna  131  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna can further reduce the size of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 16) 
   Embodiment 16 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna used in Embodiment 15 is changed. Embodiment 16 is the same as Embodiment 15 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna. 
     FIG. 22  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  141  used in Embodiment 16 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  141  according to Embodiment 16 is formed in such a way that the two spiral-shaped dipole antenna elements described in Embodiment 14 are placed in parallel and impedance elements  142  are attached to the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel. 
   The folded-dipole antenna  141  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, applying folded-dipole antenna  141  as the dipole antenna makes it possible to achieve effects similar to those in Embodiment 12, widen the band and reduce the size. 
   By the way, the folded-dipole has a self-balancing action, and therefore a configuration without balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  can also be used in Embodiment 12 to Embodiment 16 (except Embodiment 14). 
   (Embodiment 17) 
   Embodiment 17 is a mode in which dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is placed patterned on circuit board  151 . 
     FIG. 23  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  12  placed on circuit board  151  of Embodiment 17 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  12  is placed patterned on circuit board  151 . 
   Thus, using dipole antenna  12  of Embodiment 1, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in Embodiment 1. Furthermore, placing dipole antenna  12  of Embodiment 1 patterned on circuit board  151  makes it possible to obtain a stable characteristic. 
   By the way, in addition to dipole antenna  12  of Embodiment 1, the dipole antenna of any one of the other embodiments of the present Specification can also be placed patterned on circuit board  151 . 
   (Embodiment 18) 
   Embodiment 18 is a mode in which dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is patterned on package case  161 . 
     FIG. 24  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  12  placed on package case  161  in Embodiment 18 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  12  is placed patterned on package case  161 . 
   Thus, using dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in Embodiment 1. Furthermore, placing dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 patterned on package case  161  makes it possible to obtain a stable characteristic, save the space for installing the antenna and thereby reduce the size of the apparatus. 
   By the way, in addition to dipole antenna  12  of Embodiment 1, the dipole antenna of any one of the other embodiments of the present Specification can also be placed patterned on package case  161 . 
   (Embodiment 19) 
   Embodiment 19 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is changed. Embodiment 19 is the same as Embodiment 1 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 1 will be explained using  FIG. 25 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 1 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 25  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  171 . One of the two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  171  is rectangular-wave-shaped and the other is bar-shaped. These two antenna elements are placed in such a way that their respective centerlines in the longitudinal direction form one straight line. The bar-shaped antenna element is placed outside a radio communication terminal, which is not shown. 
   Dipole antenna  171  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   As shown above, dipole antenna  171  is mounted in such a way that both the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element are perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. This allows dipole antenna  171  to mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element and the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element in a free space. During a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore dipole antenna  171  has directivity opposite to the human body. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and sent to dipole antenna  171 . Dipole antenna  171  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to this longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  171 . During reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Therefore, in a free space, vertically polarized waves are received from all directions centered on dipole antenna  171  and during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector as described above, and therefore of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   In this way, dipole antenna  171  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  171 . On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more vertically polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of dipole antenna  171  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase the reception gain. 
   The signal above (balanced signal) received from dipole antenna  171  is sent to the transmission/reception circuit via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Here, the current that flows into base plate  11  is suppressed to a minimum by above-described balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , and therefore the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This minimizes the reduction of gain caused by influence from the human body. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  can minimize the antenna current that flows into base plate  11 , and can thereby suppress deterioration of gain of dipole antenna  171  caused by influence from the human body. Furthermore, adopting a rectangular-wave shape for one of the antenna elements of dipole antenna  171  makes it possible to reduce the size of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high gain and small built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 20) 
   Embodiment 20 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 are changed. Embodiment 20 is the same as Embodiment 19 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 19 will be explained using  FIG. 26 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 26  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 20 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 20 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  181 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  181  are placed in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element and the longitudinal direction (axial direction) of the bar-shaped antenna element intersect at right angles. 
   Dipole antenna  181  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 19 in that that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element of the two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  181  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and sent to dipole antenna  181 . The bar-shaped antennal element placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal making up dipole antenna  181  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this bar-shaped antenna element. During reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction above are received. On the other hand, the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal making up dipole antenna  181  supplied with power in the same way mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. During reception, horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Therefore, in a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves are received from all directions centered on dipole antenna  181  and during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore of the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  181  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also receive both vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the respective antenna elements. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Therefore, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  181  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 19. 
   (Embodiment 21) 
   Embodiment 21 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 are changed. Embodiment 21 is the same as Embodiment 19 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 19 will be explained using  FIG. 27 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 27  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 21 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 21 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  191 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  191  are folded near the center and the part of the folded antenna element including power supply terminal  14  is rectangular-wave-shaped and the part of the folded antenna element not including power supply terminal  14  is bar-shaped and the antenna elements are placed in such a way that the centerlines in the longitudinal direction of the respective rectangular-wave-shaped parts of the antenna elements form one straight line. On the other hand, the bar-shaped parts of the antenna elements are placed outside the package of the radio communication terminal, which is not shown. 
   The folded rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  191  in the above configuration is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction thereof is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal surface) of the radio communication terminal. In this case, the bar-shaped part of each antenna element is placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal surface) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Dipole antenna  191  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal surface) of the radio communication terminal. Mounting dipole antenna  191  in this way makes the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal surface) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  191 . The bar-shaped part of the antenna element placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  191  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this bar-shaped part. Furthermore, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction above are received. On the other hand, the rectangular-wave-shaped part of the antenna element placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  191  supplied with power in the same way mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this rectangular-wave-shaped part. Furthermore, during reception, horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Thus, in a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves from all directions centered on dipole antenna  191  are received, and during a conversation, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves, the vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   This allows dipole antenna  191  to suppress deterioration of gain and mainly receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element and vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  191  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 20. 
   (Embodiment 22) 
   Embodiment 22 is a mode in which the configuration of the bar-shaped antenna element that makes up dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 is changed. The antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 28 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 28  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 22 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 28 , the antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 22 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and dipole antenna  201 . Dipole antenna  201  adopts a configuration in which the bar-shaped antenna element of the two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 is rectangular-wave-shaped. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  201 . Dipole antenna  201  supplied with power in this way is placed in such a way that the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  201  is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal, and therefore mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  201 . Furthermore, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Thus, in a free space, vertically polarized waves from all directions centered on dipole antenna  201  are received, and during a conversation, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   This allows dipole antenna  201  to suppress deterioration of gain and mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this dipole antenna  201 . On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more vertically polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of dipole antenna  201  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 19 and at the same time reduce the size of the external antenna. 
   (Embodiment 23) 
   Embodiment 23 is a mode in which the configuration of the bar-shaped antenna element of the two antenna elements that make up dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 is changed. The antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 29 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 20 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 29  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 29 , the antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and dipole antenna  211 . Dipole antenna  211  adopts a configuration in which the bar-shaped antenna element of the two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 is changed to a rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit.  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  211 . Dipole antenna  211  supplied with power in this way is placed in such a way that the longitudinal direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the longitudinal direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal, and therefore sends vertically and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of each antenna element of this dipole antenna  211 . Furthermore, during reception, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Thus, in a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves from all directions centered on dipole antenna  211  are received, and during a conversation, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   This allows dipole antenna  211  to suppress deterioration of gain and mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of each antenna element of this dipole antenna  211 . On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal of either antenna element of dipole antenna  211  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 20 and at the same time reduce the size of the external antenna. 
   (Embodiment 24) 
   Embodiment 24 is a mode in which the configuration of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element that makes up dipole antenna  191  in Embodiment 21 is changed. The antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 30 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 21 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 30  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 24 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 30 , the antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 24 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  221 . Dipole antenna  221  adopts a configuration in which the bar-shaped part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  191  in Embodiment 21 is changed to a rectangular-wave shape. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  221 . Of the antenna elements that make up dipole antenna  221  supplied with power in this way, the part placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this part. Furthermore, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. On the other hand, the part placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal of each antenna element that makes up dipole antenna  221  supplied with power in the same way mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this part. Furthermore, during reception, horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above are received. Thus, in a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves are received from all directions centered on dipole antenna  221 , and during a conversation, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   This allows dipole antenna  221  to suppress deterioration of gain and mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of each part of each antenna element. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the longitudinal direction of either part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  221  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 21 and at the same time reduce the size of the external antenna. 
   Following Embodiments 25 to 38 are modes in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiments 19 to 24. 
   (Embodiment 25) 
   Embodiment 25 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 31 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 31  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 25 of the present invention. As shown in  FIG. 31 , dipole antenna  231  is added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. Dipole antenna  231  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  231  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  231  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  171  and dipole antenna  231  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 and dipole antenna  231  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  171  are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 19. 
   (Embodiment 26) 
   Embodiment 26 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 20. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 32 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 20 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 32  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 26 of the present invention. In  FIG. 32 , dipole antenna dipole antenna  241  is added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this Embodiment 20. Dipole antenna  241  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  241  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  241  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  181  and dipole antenna  241  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 and dipole antenna  241  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  181  are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 20. 
   (Embodiment 27) 
   Embodiment 27 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 22. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 33 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 22 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 33  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 27 of the present invention. In  FIG. 33 , dipole antenna  251  is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this Embodiment 22. Dipole antenna  251  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  251  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  251  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  201  and dipole antenna  251  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 and dipole antenna  231  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  201  are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 22. 
   (Embodiment 28) 
   Embodiment 28 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 23. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 34 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 23 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 34  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 28 of the present invention. In  FIG. 34 , dipole antenna  261  is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23. Dipole antenna  261  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  241  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  261  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  211  and dipole antenna  261  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 and dipole antenna  261  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  211  are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 23. 
   (Embodiment 29) 
   Embodiment 29 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 19. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 35 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 35  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 29 of the present invention. In  FIG. 35 , dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  171  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  171  and dipole antenna  12  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 19. 
   (Embodiment 30) 
   Embodiment 30 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 19. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 36 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 36  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 30 of the present invention. In  FIG. 36 , dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  171  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  171  and dipole antenna  12   a  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 and dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 19. 
   (Embodiment 31) 
   Embodiment 31 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 19. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 37 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 19 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 37  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 31 of the present invention. In  FIG. 37 , dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 19. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  171  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  171  and dipole antenna  21  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and dipole antenna  171  in Embodiment 19 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 19. 
   (Embodiment 32) 
   Embodiment 32 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 20. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 38 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 20 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 38  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 32 of the present invention. In  FIG. 38 , dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 20. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  181  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  181  and dipole antenna  12  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 20. 
   (Embodiment 33) 
   Embodiment 33 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 20. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 39 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 20 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 39  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 33 of the present invention. In  FIG. 39 , dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 20. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  181  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  181  and dipole antenna  21  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and dipole antenna  181  in Embodiment 20 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 20. 
   (Embodiment 34) 
   Embodiment 34 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 22. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 40 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 22 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 40  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 34 of the present invention. In  FIG. 40 , dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 22. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  201  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  201  and dipole antenna  12  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 22. 
   (Embodiment 35) 
   Embodiment 35 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 22. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 41 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 22 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 41  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 35 of the present invention. In  FIG. 41 , dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 22. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  201  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  201  and dipole antenna  12   a  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12   a  in Embodiment 2 and dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 22. 
   (Embodiment 36) 
   Embodiment 36 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 22. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 42 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 22 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 42  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 36 of the present invention. In  FIG. 42 , dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 22. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  201  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  201  and dipole antenna  21  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and dipole antenna  201  in Embodiment 22 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 22. 
   (Embodiment 37) 
   Embodiment 37 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 23. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 43 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 23 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 43  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 37 of the present invention. In  FIG. 43 , dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  211  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  211  and dipole antenna  12  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 and dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 23. 
   (Embodiment 38) 
   Embodiment 38 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antennas for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 23. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below using  FIG. 44 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 23 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 44  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 38 of the present invention. In  FIG. 44 , dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 23. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  211  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  211  and dipole antenna  21  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 and dipole antenna  211  in Embodiment 23 are used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain and small diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 23. 
   (Embodiment 39) 
   Embodiment 39 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  21  in Embodiment 3 is changed. Embodiment 39 is the same as Embodiment 3 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 3 will be explained below using  FIG. 45 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 3 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 45  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 39 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 39 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and dipole antenna  221 . One of the two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  221  is rectangular-wave-shaped and the other is bar-shaped. These two antenna elements are placed in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element intersects the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element at right angles. 
   Dipole antenna  221  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   As shown above, dipole antenna  221  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. This allows dipole antenna  221  to receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element in a free space. Furthermore, during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore dipole antenna  221  has directivity opposite to the human body. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and sent to dipole antenna  221 . The rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element of dipole antenna  221  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. Furthermore, during reception, the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element of dipole antenna  221  receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above. On the other hand, the bar-shaped antenna element of dipole antenna  221  supplied with power in this way mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this bar-shaped antenna element. Furthermore, during reception, the bar-shaped antenna element of dipole antenna  221  receives horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction above. Therefore, in a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves are received from all directions centered on dipole antenna  221 , and during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The signal above (balanced signal) received from dipole antenna  221  is sent to the transmission/reception circuit above via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Here, the current that flows into base plate  11  is suppressed to a minimum by above-described balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , and therefore the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This minimizes the reduction of gain caused by influence from the human body. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  can minimize the antenna current that flows into base plate  11 , and can thereby suppress deterioration of gain of dipole antenna  221  caused by influence from the human body. Furthermore, adopting a rectangular-wave shape for one of the antenna elements of dipole antenna  221  makes it possible to reduce the size of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal. Therefore, it is possible to provide a high gain and small built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   Furthermore, by mainly receiving vertically polarized waves using the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element and mainly receiving horizontally polarized waves using the bar-shaped antenna element, it is possible to change the ratio of polarization of vertically polarized waves to horizontally polarized waves as appropriate and thereby receive waves at a ratio of polarization according to the purpose of use of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 40) 
   Embodiment 40 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  221  in Embodiment 39 is changed. Embodiment 40 is the same as Embodiment 39 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 39 will be explained below using  FIG. 46 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 39 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 46  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 40 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 40 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and dipole antenna  231 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  231  are placed in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element intersects the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element at right angles. 
   Dipole antenna  231  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. On the other hand, the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 39 in that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   This allows dipole antenna  231  to receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element and vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped antenna element in a free space. Furthermore, during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore dipole antenna  221  has directivity opposite to the human body. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also achieve effects similar to those of Embodiment 39. Furthermore, by mainly receiving vertically polarized waves using the bar-shaped antenna element and mainly receiving horizontally polarized waves using the rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element, it is possible to change the ratio of polarization of vertically polarized waves to horizontally polarized waves as appropriate and thereby receive waves at a ratio of polarization according to the purpose of use of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 41) 
   Embodiment 41 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  31  in Embodiment 4 is changed. Embodiment 41 is the same as Embodiment 4 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 4 will be explained below using  FIG. 47 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 4 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 47  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 41 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 41 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  241 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  241  are folded near the center and the parts of the folded antenna elements including power supply terminals  14  are bar-shaped and the other parts not including power supply terminals  14  are rectangular-wave-shaped. The two antenna elements are placed in such a way that their respective bar-shaped parts form a straight line. 
   Dipole antenna  241  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   This allows dipole antenna  241  to receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element in a free space. Furthermore, during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore dipole antenna  241  has directivity opposite to the human body. 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and sent to dipole antenna  241 . The rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  241  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of this rectangular-wave-shaped part. Furthermore, during reception, dipole antenna  241  receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction above. On the other hand, the bar-shaped part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  241  supplied with power in this way mainly sends parallel polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this bar-shaped part. Furthermore, during reception, horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction above are received. In a free space, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves are received from all directions centered on dipole antenna  241  and during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore, of the above-described vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves, vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The signal above (balanced signal) received from dipole antenna  241  is sent to the transmission/reception circuit above via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Here, the current that flows into base plate  11  is suppressed to a minimum by above-described balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , and therefore the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This minimizes the reduction of gain caused by influence from the human body. 
   Thus, this embodiment also achieves effects similar to those of Embodiment 39. Furthermore, by mainly receiving vertically polarized waves using the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element and mainly receiving horizontally polarized waves using the bar-shaped part of each antenna element, it is possible to change the ratio of polarization of vertically polarized waves to horizontally polarized waves as appropriate and thereby receive waves at a ratio of polarization according to the purpose of use of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 42) 
   Embodiment 42 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  241  in Embodiment 41 is changed. Embodiment 42 is the same as Embodiment 41 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 41 will be explained below using  FIG. 48 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 41 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 48  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 42 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 42 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and dipole antenna  251 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  251  are folded near the center and the parts of the folded antenna elements including the power supply terminals  14  are rectangular-wave-shaped and the other parts not including power supply terminals  14  are bar-shaped. The two antenna elements are placed in such a way that the centerlines in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped parts form a straight line. 
   Dipole antenna  251  is mounted in such a way that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 41 in that the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   This allows dipole antenna  251  to receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element and vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the bar-shaped part of each antenna element in a free space. Furthermore, during a conversation, the human body acts as a reflector, and therefore dipole antenna  251  has directivity opposite to the human body. 
   Thus, this embodiment also achieves effects similar to those of Embodiment 39. Furthermore, by mainly receiving vertically polarized waves using the bar-shaped part of each antenna element and mainly receiving horizontally polarized waves using the rectangular-wave-shaped part of each antenna element, it is possible to change the ratio of polarization of vertically polarized waves to horizontally polarized waves as appropriate and thereby receive waves at a ratio of polarization according to the purpose of use of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 43) 
   Embodiment 43 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna used in each embodiment of the present Specification is changed. 
     FIG. 49  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  261  used in Embodiment 43 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  261  according to Embodiment 43 is formed in such a way that inductance element  262  is inserted between the terminal of each rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element making up the dipole antenna and power supply terminal  14 . 
   The dipole antenna  261  in the above configuration is applicable as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, by applying dipole antenna  261  as the dipole antenna of each embodiment of the present Specification, this embodiment can attain effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification and further step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. Moreover, using dipole antenna  261  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   (Embodiment 44) 
   Embodiment 44 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  101  in Embodiment 12 is changed. Embodiment 44 is the same as Embodiment 12 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. In  FIG. 50 , the same components as those in the above-described embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 50  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  271  used in Embodiment 44 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  271  according to Embodiment 44 is formed in such away that two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements explained in the above-described embodiment are placed in parallel, these two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements placed in parallel are connected near the center using capacitance elements  272  and the ends of these two antenna elements are shorted. 
   The folded-dipole antenna  271  in the above configuration is applicable as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also obtain effects similar to those of Embodiment 12. Moreover, using dipole antenna  271  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   (Embodiment 45) 
   Embodiment 45 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  121  in Embodiment 14 is changed. Embodiment 45 is the same as Embodiment 14 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. The parts in  FIG. 51  similar to those in the embodiment above are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 51  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  281  in Embodiment 45 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the dipole antenna  281  according to Embodiment 45 is formed in such a way that inductance elements  282  are placed between the ends of the antenna elements making up spiral-shaped dipole antenna  121  explained in Embodiment 14 and power supply terminals  14 . 
   Dipole antenna  281  in the above configuration is applicable as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also obtain effects similar to those of Embodiment 14. Moreover, using dipole antenna  281  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   (Embodiment 46) 
   Embodiment 46 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  131  in Embodiment 15 is changed. Embodiment 46 is the same as Embodiment 15 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. The parts in  FIG. 52  similar to those in the embodiment above are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 52  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  291  in Embodiment 46 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  291  according to Embodiment 46 is formed in such a way that the two spiral-shaped antenna elements of dipole antenna  121  explained in Embodiment 14 are placed in parallel, these two antennal elements placed in parallel are connected by capacitances  292  near the center and the ends are shorted. 
   Folded-dipole antenna  291  in the above configuration is applicable as the antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also obtain effects similar to those of Embodiment 15. Moreover, using dipole antenna  291  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   (Embodiment 47) 
   Embodiment 47 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification is changed. Embodiment 47 is the same as each of the above-described embodiments except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. The parts in  FIG. 53  similar to those in each of the above-described embodiments above are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 53  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  301  used in Embodiment 47 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  301  according to Embodiment 47 is formed with a dipole antenna (for example, dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1) made up of two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements and another antenna element placed near the center of and in parallel to the above dipole antenna. In other words, dipole antenna  301  is formed in such a way that the above-described two rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antennas of different lengths are placed in parallel and the power supply terminals of the shorter one of the two dipole antennas placed in parallel are shorted. 
   Dipole antenna  301  in the above configuration is applicable as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also obtain effects similar to those of Embodiment 12. Moreover, using dipole antenna  301  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   (Embodiment 48) 
   Embodiment 48 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna used in each embodiment of the present Specification is changed. Embodiment 48 is the same as each of the above-described embodiments except for the configuration of the dipole antenna. The parts in  FIG. 54  similar to those in each of the above-described embodiments are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 54  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of dipole antenna  311  in Embodiment 48 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  311  according to Embodiment 48 is formed with a dipole antenna made up of two spiral-shaped antenna elements (for example, dipole antenna  121  in Embodiment 14) and another spiral-shaped antenna element placed near the center of and in parallel to the above-described dipole antenna. In other words, this dipole antenna  311  is formed in such a way that the above-described two spiral-shaped dipole antennas of different lengths are placed in parallel and the power supply terminals of the shorter one of the two dipole antennas placed in parallel are shorted. 
   Dipole antenna  311  in the above configuration is applicable as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, this embodiment can also obtain effects similar to those of Embodiment 14. Moreover, using dipole antenna  311  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to implement a double-frequency antenna. 
   By the way, folded-dipole antennas have a self-balancing action, and therefore a configuration without balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  can also be used in Embodiment 44 and Embodiment 46. 
   The foregoing embodiments describe cases where antenna elements are rectangular-wave-shaped, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the antenna elements can also be bar-shaped depending on the transmission/reception frequency, the shape and size of the radio equipment that incorporates antennas. 
   (Embodiment 49) 
   Embodiment 49 is a mode in which the configuration of dipole antenna  12  in Embodiment 1 is changed and a first passive element is provided. Embodiment 49 is the same as Embodiment 1 except for the configuration of the dipole antenna and the first passive element. The parts in  FIG. 55  similar to those in the embodiment above are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 55  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322 . The built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is incorporated in a radio communication terminal. 
     FIG. 56  is a front view showing the appearance of the radio communication terminal incorporating the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. As shown in this figure, speaker  331  is provided at the top of the main plane of package  330 . Below speaker  331  is display  332  that displays various kinds of information such as telephone numbers to be called and operation menu. At the bottom of the main plane of package  330  is microphone  333  to catch voice of the user. Furthermore, built-in antenna  334  for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is incorporated in package  330 . This built-in antenna  334  for a radio communication terminal is installed in such a way that base plate  11  is placed in parallel to the main plane. 
   The components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained below with reference to  FIG. 55 . 
   Dipole antenna  321  is constructed of two bar-shaped antenna elements. The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  are placed in such a way that their respective centerlines in the axial direction form one straight line. 
   Furthermore, dipole antenna  321  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of the antenna elements is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Since the radio communication terminal is used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 , dipole antenna  321  is provided in such a way that the axial direction of the antenna elements is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Thus, dipole antenna  321  mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this dipole antenna  321  in a free space. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector during a conversation, dipole antenna  321  has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. 
   First passive element  322  is bar-shaped. First passive element  322  is parallel to the axial direction of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and the plane (reference plane) including the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and this first passive element  322  intersects with the plane of base plate  11  at right angles. Since base plate  11  is provided in parallel to the main plane of package  330 , the reference plane also intersects with the main plane of package  330  at right angles.  FIG. 58  is a sectional view viewed from the direction of arrow A in  FIG. 55  of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. As is apparent from this figure, first passive element  322  is placed in such a way that the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  intersects with the plane of base plate  11  at right angles. By placing dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  in this way, the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  also intersects with the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  at right angles. 
   Next, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit (not shown) above is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  321 . Dipole antenna  321  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves, parallel to the axial direction of this dipole antenna  321 . 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  321  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  by changing factors such as the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  322  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  322  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, dipole antenna  321  receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of dipole antenna  321 . During a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  322  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  as appropriate, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The signals above (balanced signal) received by dipole antenna  321  are sent to the transmission/reception circuit above via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Since balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  above minimizes the current that flows into base plate  11 , the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This suppresses deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body to a minimum. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, directivity opposite to the human body is formed for dipole antenna  321  by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  322  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  as appropriate, and therefore it is possible to suppress deterioration of gain by influence from the human body. Furthermore, as in the case of Embodiment 1 above, balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  minimizes an antenna current that flows in to base plate  11  by transforming an unbalanced signal to a balanced signal as in the case of Embodiment 1 above, and therefore it is possible to prevent deterioration of gain of dipole antenna  321  caused by influence of the human body. 
   (Embodiment 50) 
   Embodiment 50 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  in Embodiment 49 is changed. Since Embodiment 50 is the same as Embodiment 49 except for the method of mounting the dipole antenna and first passive element, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 49 will be explained below using  FIG. 59 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 49 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 59  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 50 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 50 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  321   a  and first passive element  322   a.    
   Dipole antenna  321   a  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of the antenna elements is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 49 in that the axial direction of dipole antenna  321   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body and also receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of dipole antenna  321   a  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of the antenna matches the signal polarization plane, making it possible to increase the reception gain. 
   (Embodiment 51) 
   Embodiment 51 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  in Embodiment 49 are changed. Since Embodiment 51 is the same as Embodiment 49 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna and first passive element, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 49 will be explained below using  FIG. 60 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 49 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 60  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 51 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 51 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  342 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  341  are placed perpendicular to each other. First passive element  342  is folded near the center and the folded sides are formed in such a way as to intersect with each other at right angles. 
   Dipole antenna  341  is mounted in such a way that one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, first passive element  342  is mounted in such a way that one of the folded rectilinear parts is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the other folded rectilinear part is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Next, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit of the radio communication terminal is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  341 . The antenna element placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal making up dipole antenna  341  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. On the other hand, the antenna element placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal making up dipole antenna  341  sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  341  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  by changing the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  342  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  342  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  342  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  342  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, the antenna element making up dipole antenna  341  placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. On the other hand, the antenna element making up dipole antenna  341  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly receives horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. Furthermore, during a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  342  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  342  as appropriate, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body and receive both vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element of dipole antenna  341  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either of the antenna elements of dipole antenna  341  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase reception gain. 
   (Embodiment 52) 
   Embodiment 52 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  322  in Embodiment 49 are changed. Since Embodiment 52 is the same as Embodiment 49 except for the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna and first passive element, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 49 will be explained below using  FIG. 61 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 49 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 61  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 52 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 52 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  352 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  are folded near the center and the folded rectilinear parts are formed in such a way as to intersect with each other at right angles. First passive element  352  is folded at a point at a predetermined distance from one end and the folded adjacent rectilinear parts are formed in such a way as to intersect at right angles. Furthermore, first passive element  352  is also folded at a point at a predetermined distance from the other end and the folded adjacent rectilinear parts are formed in such a way as to intersect at right angles. At this time, the folded rectilinear parts including both ends of first passive element  352  are parallel to each other. The folded rectilinear part (central part) not including the both ends is formed to be longer than the width of base plate  11 . 
   Each antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  in the above configuration is mounted in such a way that the folded rectilinear parts including power supply terminals  14  are parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the folded rectilinear parts not including power supply terminals  14  are perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, first passive element  352  is mounted in such a way that the folded rectilinear parts including the ends are perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the folded rectilinear part not including the ends is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Next, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above provided for the radio communication terminal is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  351 . The parts of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  supplied with power in this way placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly send vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of these parts. On the other hand, the parts of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal send horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of these parts. 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  351  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  352  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  352  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user is head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  352  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  352  as appropriate. 
   Here, the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration in a free space will be explained with reference to  FIG. 62 .  FIG. 62  illustrates actual measured values of the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment in a free space. Here, suppose the size of base plate  11  is 27×114 mm, the length of the side of the antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 33 mm, the length of the part of the antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 17 mm and the distance of dipole antenna  12  from the human body is 4 mm. In  FIG. 62 , the direction at 0° viewed from the origin corresponds to the direction of the human body viewed from dipole antenna  351  in  FIG. 61 . As is apparent from  FIG. 62 , by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  352  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  352  as appropriate, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. 
   Then, the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained with reference to  FIG. 63 .  FIG. 63  illustrates actual measured values of the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment during a conversation. The sizes, etc. of the components as the measuring condition are the same as those when the radiation characteristic shown in  FIG. 62  is measured. In  FIG. 63 , the direction at 0° viewed from the origin corresponds to the direction of the human body viewed from dipole antenna  351  in  FIG. 61 . 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 63 , by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  352  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  352  as appropriate, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. This makes it possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body during transmission and thereby achieve higher gain than the conventional example shown in  FIG. 5B . 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body and receive both vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  351  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  351  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase reception gain. 
   Following Embodiment 53 to Embodiment 59 are modes in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 49 to Embodiment 52. 
   (Embodiment 53) 
   Embodiment 53 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 49. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 64 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 49 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 64  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 53 of the present invention. In  FIG. 64 , monopole antenna  41  is further added to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is monopole antenna  41  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  41  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  41  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 is used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 49. 
   (Embodiment 54) 
   Embodiment 54 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 53 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 65 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 53 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 65  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 54 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 54 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  321 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  51 . Monopole antenna  51  is constructed of a rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  51  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  51  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 is used as the diversity antenna, which makes it possible to provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body as in the case of Embodiment 49. 
   (Embodiment 55) 
   Embodiment 55 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 53 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 66 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 53 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 66  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 55 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 55 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  321 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  61 . Monopole antenna  61  is constructed of a spiral-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  61  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  61  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, this embodiment configured as shown above can also attain effects similar to those in Embodiment 54. 
   (Embodiment 56) 
   Embodiment 56 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 49. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 67 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 49 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 67  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 56 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, another dipole antenna  361  and first passive element  362  are added to the side of base plate  11  in addition to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 49. Dipole antenna  361  has a configuration similar to that of dipole antenna  321 . 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 and used for reception only. Suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  361  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  361  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  361  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 and dipole antenna  361  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  321  are used as the diversity antenna, and it is therefore possible to provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 57) 
   Embodiment 57 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  361  and first passive element  362  in Embodiment 56 is changed. Since Embodiment 57 is the same as Embodiment 56 except for the method of mounting the dipole antenna and first passive element, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 56 will be explained below using  FIG. 68 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 56 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 68  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 57 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, additional dipole antenna  361   a  is mounted in such a way that its axial direction is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, additional first passive element  362   a  is also mounted in such a way that its axial direction is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 56 in that the axial direction of dipole antenna  361   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of first passive element  362   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. As a result, dipole antenna  361   a  is provided in such a way that its axial direction is parallel to the horizontal plane during a conversation. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  361   a  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  361   a  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  321  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna element. Furthermore, dipole antenna  361   a  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either dipole antenna  321  or  361   a  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication and, therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 and dipole antenna  361   a  constructed in the same as dipole antenna  321  as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 58) 
   As shown in  FIG. 69 , Embodiment 58 is a mode in which dipole antenna  361  used in Embodiment 56 for both transmission and reception is changed to dipole antenna  371  which is constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 51 and first passive element  362  is changed to first passive element  372  constructed in the same way as first passive element  342  in Embodiment 51. Embodiment 58 is the same as Embodiment 56 except for the configurations and the method of mounting of dipole antenna  371  and first passive element  372 . The same parts in  FIG. 69  as those in Embodiment 56 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 69  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 58 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  371  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  371  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  371  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  371  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element. Furthermore, dipole antenna  321  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  321  or  371  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49 and dipole antenna  371  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 51 as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   (Embodiment 59) 
   As shown in  FIG. 70 , Embodiment 59 is a mode in which dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 58 used for reception only is changed to dipole antenna  381  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 51 and first passive element  322  is changed to first passive element  382  constructed in the same way as first passive element  342  in Embodiment 51. Embodiment 59 is the same as Embodiment 58 except for the configurations and the method of mounting of dipole antenna  381  and first passive element  382 . The same parts in  FIG. 70  as those in Embodiment 58 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 70  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 59 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, both dipole antenna  371  and dipole antenna  381  are mounted in such a way that the axial direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  371  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  371  and dipole antenna  381  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  371  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element. Furthermore, dipole antenna  381  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  371  or  381  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  371  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 51 and dipole antenna  381  as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a high gain diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal with less influence from the human body. 
   Following Embodiment 60 to Embodiment 82 will describe the case where the frequency band of a built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal is widened by providing a second passive element in addition to the configuration in Embodiment 49 to Embodiment 59. 
   (Embodiment 60) 
   Embodiment 60 is a mode in which two passive elements are provided for dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 49. Embodiment 60 is the same as Embodiment 49 except the configurations of the dipole antenna and the first and second passive elements. In  FIG. 71 , the parts similar to those in the above-described embodiment are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 71  a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391  and second passive element  392 . The built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is incorporated in the radio communication terminal. 
   The components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained with reference to  FIG. 71  below. 
   Dipole antenna  321  is constructed of two bar-shaped antenna elements. The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  are placed in such a way that their respective centerlines in the axial direction form a straight line. 
   Furthermore, dipole antenna  321  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of the antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Since the radio communication terminal is used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 , dipole antenna  321  is provided in such a way that the axial direction of each antenna element is perpendicular to the horizontal plane during a conversation. Thus, dipole antenna  321  mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this dipole antenna  321  in a free space. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector during a conversation, dipole antenna  321  has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. 
   First passive element  391  is bar-shaped. First passive element  391  is parallel to the axial direction of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and the plane (reference plane) including the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  intersects with the plane of base plate  11  at right angles. Since base plate  11  is provided in parallel to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56 , the reference plane above also intersects with the main plane of package  330  at right angles. By placing dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  in this way, the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  also intersects with the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  at right angles. 
   Furthermore, second passive element  392  is also bar-shaped. Second passive element  392  is placed in such a way as to face the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321 . The distance between second passive element  392  and the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  is appropriately set in such a way as to change mutual impedance between second passive element  392  and dipole antenna  321  to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. 
   Next, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above (not shown) is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  321 . Dipole antenna  321  supplied with power in this way mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this dipole antenna  321 . 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  321  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  by changing the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  391  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  391  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of dipole antenna  321  are received. During a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  321 , length of first passive element  391  and distance between dipole antenna  321  and first passive element  391  as appropriate, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The signals above (balanced signal) received by dipole antenna  321  are sent to the transmission/reception circuit above via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Since balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  above minimizes the current that flows into base plate  11 , the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This suppresses deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body to a minimum. 
   Thus, in addition to the effects similar to those of Embodiment 49, by providing second passive element  392  facing the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321  and thereby changing mutual impedance between second passive element  392  and dipole antenna  321 , this embodiment can widen the band for input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal. 
   (Embodiment 61) 
   Embodiment 61 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391  and second passive element  392  in Embodiment 60 is changed. Embodiment 61 is the same as Embodiment 60 except the method of mounting the dipole antenna, first passive element and second passive element, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 60 will be explained using  FIG. 72 . The parts similar to those in the Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 72  a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 61 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  321   a , first passive element  391   a  and second passive element  392   a.    
   Dipole antenna  321   a  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of the antenna elements is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, first passive element  391   a  is parallel to the axial direction of antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321   a  and is placed in such a way that the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna element making up dipole antenna  321   a  and this first passive element  391   a  is quasi-perpendicular to the plane of base plate  11 . Second passive element  392   a  is placed so as to face the antenna element making up dipole antenna  321   a . The distance between this second passive element  392   a  and the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  321   a  is appropriately set in such a way as to widen the band for input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment by changing mutual impedance between second passive element  392   a  and dipole antenna  321   a.    
   That is, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 60 in that the axial direction of dipole antenna  321   a  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   Thus, this embodiment can suppress deterioration of gain due to the influences of the human body and receive horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of dipole antenna  321   a  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of the antenna matches the polarization plane of the signal, making it possible to increase reception gain. 
   Furthermore, by providing second passive element  392   a  in such a way as to face the antenna element making up dipole antenna  321   a  and thereby changing mutual impedance between second passive element  392   a  and dipole antenna  321   a , this embodiment can widen input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. 
   (Embodiment 62) 
   Embodiment 62 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391  and second passive element  392  in Embodiment 60 are changed. Embodiment 62 is the same as Embodiment 60 except the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna, first passive element and second passive element, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 60 will be explained using  FIG. 73 . The parts similar to those in the Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 73  a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 62 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 62 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  341 , first passive element  401  and second passive element  402 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  341  are placed in such a way as to be perpendicular to each other. First passive element  401  and second passive element  402  are each folded near the center and formed so that the folded rectilinear parts are quasi-perpendicular to each other. 
   Dipole antenna  341  is mounted in such a way that one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, first passive element  401  is attached in such a way that one folded rectilinear part is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the other folded rectilinear part is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Second passive element  402  is placed in such a way as to face the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  341 . The distance between this second passive element  402  and the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  341  is appropriately set so as to widen the band for input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment by changing mutual impedance between second passive element  402  and dipole antenna  341 . 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit provided for the radio communication terminal is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  341 . The antenna element making up dipole antenna  341  supplied with power in this way placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. On the other hand, the antenna element making up dipole antenna  341  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  341  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  401  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  401  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  401  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  401  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, the antenna element placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  341  mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. On the other hand, the antenna element placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal that makes up dipole antenna  341  mainly receives horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this antenna element. During a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  341 , length of first passive element  401  and distance between dipole antenna  341  and first passive element  401  as appropriate, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically and horizontally polarized waves above, the vertically and horizontally polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   Thus, this embodiment can suppress deterioration of gain due to influence of the human body and receive both vertically and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element of dipole antenna  341  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either antenna element of dipole antenna  341  matches the signal polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   Furthermore, by providing second passive element  402  in such a way as to face the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  341 , this embodiment changes mutual impedance between second passive element  402  and dipole antenna  341  and can thereby widen the band for input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. 
   (Embodiment 63) 
   Embodiment 63 is a mode in which the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391  and second passive element  392  in Embodiment 60 are changed. Embodiment 63 is the same as Embodiment 60 except the configuration and method of mounting of the dipole antenna, first passive element and second passive element, and therefore detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 60 will be explained using  FIG. 74 . The parts similar to those in the Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 74  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 63 is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , dipole antenna  351 , first passive element  411  and second passive element  412 . The two antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  are folded near the center and placed in such a way that the folded rectilinear parts are perpendicular to each other. First passive element  411  and second passive element  412  are each folded at a point at a certain distance from one end and formed so that the folded adjacent rectilinear parts are perpendicular to each other. Furthermore, first passive element  411  and second passive element  412  are also folded at a point at a certain distance from the other end and formed so that the folded adjacent rectilinear parts are perpendicular to each other. That is, first passive element  411  and second passive element  412  are folded in a horseshoe form. In this case, the folded rectilinear parts including both ends of first passive element  411  are parallel to each other. Furthermore, the folded rectilinear part (central part) not including both ends of first passive element  411  is formed in such a way as to be longer than the length of base plate  11  in the width direction. The same applies to second passive element  412  and the folded rectilinear parts including both ends of second passive element  412  are parallel to each other and the folded rectilinear part (central part) not including both ends of second passive element  412  is formed in such a way as to be longer than the length of base plate  11  in the width direction. 
   The antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  in the above-described configuration are mounted in such a way that the folded rectilinear part including power supply terminals  14  is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the folded rectilinear part not including power supply terminals  14  is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, first passive element  411  and second passive element  412  are mounted in such a way that the folded rectilinear part including one end is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the folded rectilinear part not including one end is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, second passive element  412  is placed in such a way as to face the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351 . The distance between this second passive element  412  and the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  is appropriately set so as to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment by changing mutual impedance between second passive element  412  and dipole antenna  351 . 
   Then, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above provided for the radio communication terminal is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to dipole antenna  351 . The part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  341  supplied with power in this way placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this part. On the other hand, the part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal mainly sends horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this part. 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  351  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  411  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  411  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  411  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  411  as appropriate. 
   Here, the impedance characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to  FIG. 75 .  FIG. 75  is a Smith chart showing the impedance characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. Reference numeral  421  in this figure is the impedance characteristic when it is assumed that the size of the base plate  11  is 30×117 mm, the length of the part of the antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal is 34 mm and the length of the part of the antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal is 18 mm in the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal shown in  FIG. 74  stripped of first passive element  411  and second passive element  412 . Furthermore, reference numeral  422  is the impedance characteristic when it is assumed that the length of the part of second passive element  412  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal is 34 mm and the length of the part placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal is 18 mm and the distance between second passive element  412  and dipole antenna  351  is 2 mm in the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal shown in  FIG. 74 . Reference numerals  423  and  424  denote when the frequency is 1920 MHz and reference numerals  425  and  426  denote when the frequency is 2180 MHz. 
   As is apparent from this  FIG. 75 , it is possible to widen the band for the input impedance characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal by placing second passive element  412  opposite the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  at an appropriate distance. 
   Next, the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to the above embodiment in a free space will be explained with reference to  FIG. 76  and  FIG. 77 .  FIG. 76  illustrates actual measured values of the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal having a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal shown in  FIG. 74  stripped of first passive element  411  in a free space. Here, as in the case where the impedance characteristic shown in  FIG. 75  is measured, suppose the size of base plate  11  is 30×117 mm, the length of the part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 34 mm, the length of the part of each antenna element making up dipole antenna  351  placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 18 mm and the distance between second passive element  412  and dipole antenna  351  is 2 mm. 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 76 , the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal having the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal shown in  FIG. 74  stripped of first passive element  411  is nondirective. 
     FIG. 77  illustrates measured values of the radiation characteristic of the horizontal plane in a free space of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment shown in  FIG. 74 . Here, suppose the length of the part of first passive element  411  placed in parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 34 mm, the length of the part placed perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal apparatus is 16.5 mm and the distance between first passive element  411  and dipole antenna  351  is 4 mm. The size of base plate  11 , the length of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  and the distance between second passive element  412  and dipole antenna  351  are the same as those when the impedance characteristic shown in  FIG. 75  is measured. 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 77 , by adjusting factors such as the length of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  411  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  411  as appropriate, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can form desired directivity. 
   Then, the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained with reference to  FIG. 78 .  FIG. 78  illustrates actual measured values of the radiation characteristic of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment during a conversation. The sizes of the components as the measuring condition are the same as those when the radiation characteristic shown in  FIG. 77  is measured. In  FIG. 78 , the direction at 180° viewed from the origin corresponds to the direction of the human body viewed from dipole antenna  351  in  FIG. 74 . 
   As is apparent from  FIG. 78 , by adjusting the length of dipole antenna  351 , length of first passive element  411  and distance between dipole antenna  351  and first passive element  411  as appropriate, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. This makes it possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body during transmission and thereby achieve higher gain than the conventional example shown in  FIG. 5B . 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, it is possible to suppress deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body and receive both vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  351  during reception. On the other hand, a signal sent from the other end of communication is a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either part of each antenna element of dipole antenna  351  matches the polarization plane of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase reception gain. 
   Furthermore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal by placing second passive element  412  opposite to the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  351  and thereby changing mutual impedance between second passive element  412  and dipole antenna  351 . 
   (Embodiment 64) 
   Embodiment 64 is a mode in which dipole antenna  321  according to Embodiment 60 is changed to a monopole antenna. The built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 79 . The same components as those in Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 79  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 64 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is constructed of base plate  11 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14 , monopole antenna  431 , first passive element  432  and second passive element  433 . 
   Monopole antenna  431  is bar-shaped. Furthermore, monopole antenna  431  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Since the radio communication terminal is used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 , monopole antenna  431  is provided in such a way that the axial direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane during a conversation. Thus, monopole antenna  431  mainly receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of this monopole antenna  431  in a free space. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector during a conversation, monopole antenna  431  has directivity opposite to the direction of the human body. 
   First passive element  432  is bar-shaped. First passive element  432  is parallel to the axial direction of monopole antenna  431  and placed in such a way that the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna element making up monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  intersects with the plane of base plate  11  at right angles. Since base plate  11  is provided in parallel to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56 , the reference plane above also intersects with the main plane of package  330  at right angles. With monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  placed in this way, the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna element making up monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  also intersects with the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  at right angles. 
   Furthermore, second passive element  433  is also bar-shaped. Second passive element  433  is placed in such a way as to face monopole antenna  431 . The distance between second passive element  433  and monopole antenna  431  is appropriately set in such a way as to change mutual impedance between second passive element  433  and monopole antenna  431  to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. 
   Next, the operation of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration will be explained. An unbalanced signal from the transmission/reception circuit above (not shown) is transformed to a balanced signal by balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  and then sent to monopole antenna  431 . Monopole antenna  431  supplied with power in this way mainly sends vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of monopole antenna  431 . 
   A transmission signal sent from monopole antenna  431  has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  by changing factors such as the length of monopole antenna  431 , length of first passive element  432  and distance between monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting factors such as the length of monopole antenna  431 , length of first passive element  432  and distance between monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, monopole antenna  431  receives vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of monopole antenna  431 . During a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting factors such as the length of monopole antenna  431 , length of first passive element  432  and distance between monopole antenna  431  and first passive element  432  as appropriate, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   The signals above (balanced signal) received by monopole antenna  431  are sent to the transmission/reception circuit above via balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 . Since balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13  above minimizes the current that flows into base plate  11 , the antenna operation by base plate  11  is prevented. This suppresses deterioration of gain caused by influence from the human body to a minimum. 
   Thus, this embodiment can achieve similar effects as those of Embodiment 60. Furthermore, by changing the dipole antenna to a monopole antenna, this embodiment can reduce the size of the antenna. 
   Following Embodiment 65 to Embodiment 72 are embodiments in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 60 to Embodiment 64. 
   (Embodiment 65) 
   Embodiment 65 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiments 60. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 80 . The same components as those in Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 80  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 65 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is further provided with monopole antenna  41  in addition to the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  321  and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is monopole antenna  41  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  41  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  41  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, this embodiment implements a dipole antenna by adding monopole antenna  41  to the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60, and can thereby provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband impedance characteristic. 
   (Embodiment 66) 
   Embodiment 66 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 65 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 81 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 65 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 81  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 66 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391 , second passive element  392 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  51 . Monopole antenna  51  is constructed of a rectangular-wave-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  51  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  51  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, this embodiment implements a diversity antenna by adding monopole antenna  51  to the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60, and can there by provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband impedance characteristic. 
   (Embodiment 67) 
   Embodiment 67 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  41  in Embodiment 65 is changed. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 82 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 65 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 82  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 67 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 67 is constructed of base plate  11 , dipole antenna  321 , first passive element  391 , second passive element  392 , balance-to-unbalance transformation circuit  13 , power supply terminals  14  and monopole antenna  61 . Monopole antenna  61  is constructed of a spiral-shaped antenna element. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  61  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  61  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, this embodiment implements a diversity antenna by adding monopole antenna  61  to the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60, and can thereby provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband impedance characteristic. 
   (Embodiment 68) 
   Embodiment 68 is a mode in which a diversity antenna is implemented using the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal in Embodiment 60. The diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment will be explained using  FIG. 83 . The components similar to those in Embodiment 60 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 83  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 68 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, this embodiment has the configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60 with another set of dipole antenna  441 , first passive element  442  and second passive element  443  added to one side of base plate  11 . 
   Dipole antenna  441  has the same configuration as that of dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 60. 
   First passive element  442  is bar-shaped, parallel to the axial direction of the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  441  and placed in such a way that the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  441  and this first passive element  442  intersects with the plane of base plate  11  at right angles. Since base plate  11  is provided in parallel to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56 , the reference plane above also intersects with the main plane of package  330  at right angles. By placing dipole antenna  441  and first passive element  442  in this way, the plane (reference plane) formed by the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  441  and first passive element  442  also intersects with the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  at right angles. 
   Furthermore, second passive element  443  is also bar-shaped. Second passive element  443  is placed in such a way as to face the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  441 . The distance between this second passive element  443  and the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  441  is appropriately set in such a way as to change mutual impedance between second passive element  443  and dipole antenna  441  to widen the band of input impedance of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment. 
   A transmission signal sent from dipole antenna  441  in the above-described configuration has directivity along the reference plane and normal to the main plane of package  330  shown in  FIG. 56  by changing factors such as the length of dipole antenna  441 , length of first passive element  442  and distance between dipole antenna  441  and first passive element  442  as appropriate. The radio communication terminal is assumed to be used in a state shown in  FIG. 57 . In this case, since the main plane of package  330  faces the temporal region of the user&#39;s head, the transmission signal is transmitted in the direction opposite to the human body by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  441 , length of first passive element  442  and distance between dipole antenna  441  and first passive element  442  as appropriate. 
   On the other hand, during reception, vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of dipole antenna  441  are received. During a conversation, since directivity opposite to the human body is formed by adjusting factors such as the length of dipole antenna  441 , length of first passive element  442  and distance between dipole antenna  441  and first passive element  442  as appropriate, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves from the direction opposite to the human body are mainly received. Furthermore, since the human body acts as a reflector as described above, of the vertically polarized waves above, the vertically polarized waves opposite to the human body are mainly received. 
   Here, suppose one antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  321  and used for reception only. Also suppose the other antenna making up the diversity antenna is dipole antenna  441  and used for both transmission and reception. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  441  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  441  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, according to this embodiment, dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 60 and dipole antenna  441  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  321  are used as the diversity antenna, and it is therefore possible to provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and having a wideband input impedance characteristic. 
   (Embodiment 69) 
   Embodiment 69 is a mode in which the method of mounting dipole antenna  441 , first passive element  442  and second passive element  443  in Embodiment 68 is changed. Since Embodiment 69 is the same as Embodiment 68 except for the method of mounting the dipole antenna, first passive element and second passive element, detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. Differences of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment from Embodiment 68 will be explained below using  FIG. 84 . The parts similar to those in Embodiment 68 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 84  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 69 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, additional dipole antenna  441   a  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction thereof is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. Furthermore, additional first passive element  442   a  and second passive element  443   a  are also mounted in such a way that the axial direction thereof is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 68 in that the axial direction of dipole antenna  441   a , the axial direction of first passive element  442   a  and the axial direction of second passive element  443   a  are parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. As a result, dipole antenna  441   a  is provided in such a way that the axial direction thereof is parallel to the horizontal plane during a conversation. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  441   a  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  441   a  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, using dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 60 and dipole antenna  441   a  constructed in the same as dipole antenna  321  as the diversity antenna, this embodiment can provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and having a wideband impedance characteristic. Furthermore, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   (Embodiment 70) 
   As shown in  FIG. 85 , Embodiment 70 is a mode in which dipole antenna  441  used for transmission and reception in Embodiment 68 is changed to dipole antenna  451  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 62, first passive element  442  is changed to first passive element  452  constructed in the same way as first passive element  401  and second passive element  443  is changed to second passive element  453  constructed in the same way as second passive element  402 . Embodiment 70 is the same as Embodiment 68 except for the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  451 , first passive element  452  and second passive element  453 . The same parts in  FIG. 85  as those in Embodiment 68 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 85  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 70 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  451  is mounted in such a way that the axial direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  451  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and dipole antenna  451  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  451  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of each antenna element. Furthermore, dipole antenna  321  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna element. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either antenna element of dipole antennas  321  and  451  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and therefore the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 60, and dipole antenna  451  constructed in the same as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 60 as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband impedance characteristic. Furthermore, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   (Embodiment 71) 
   As shown in  FIG. 86 , Embodiment 71 is a mode in which dipole antenna  321  used only for reception in Embodiment 70 is changed to dipole antenna  461  constructed in the same as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 62, first passive element  391  is changed to first passive element  462  constructed in the same way as first passive element  401  in Embodiment 62 and second passive element  392  is changed to second passive element  463  constructed in the same way as second passive element  402  in Embodiment 62. Embodiment 71 is the same as Embodiment 70 except for the configuration and method of mounting of dipole antenna  451 , first passive element  462  and second passive element  463 . The same parts in  FIG. 86  as those in Embodiment 70 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 86  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 71 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, dipole antenna  451  and dipole antenna  461  are mounted in such a way that the axial direction of one antenna element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal and the axial direction of the other antenna element is parallel to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only dipole antenna  451  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  451  and dipole antenna  461  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, dipole antenna  461  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the respective antenna elements. Furthermore, dipole antenna  461  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the respective antenna elements. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of either antenna element of dipole antennas  451  and  461  matches the plane of polarization of the signal sent from the other end of communication, and the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to this embodiment can thereby increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  451  and dipole antenna  461  constructed in the same way as dipole antenna  341  in Embodiment 62 as the diversity antenna, and can thereby provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband impedance characteristic. Furthermore, even if there are either more vertically polarized waves or more horizontally polarized waves, this embodiment can increase the reception gain. 
   (Embodiment 72) 
   As shown in  FIG. 87 , Embodiment 72 is a mode in which dipole antenna  441  used for transmission and reception in Embodiment 68 is changed to monopole antenna  471  constructed in the same as monopole antenna  431  in Embodiment 64, first passive element  442  is changed to first passive element  472  constructed in the same way as first passive element  432  in Embodiment 64 and second passive element  443  is changed to second passive element  473  constructed in the same way as second passive element  433  in Embodiment 64. Embodiment 72 is the same as Embodiment 68 except for the configuration and method of mounting monopole antenna  471 , first passive element  472  and second passive element  473 . The same parts in  FIG. 87  as those in Embodiment 68 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 87  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 72 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, monopole antenna  471 , first passive element  472  and second passive element  473  are mounted in such a way that the axial direction of each element is perpendicular to the upper surface (horizontal plane) of the radio communication terminal. 
   In the diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal in the above configuration, only monopole antenna  471  operates during transmission and both dipole antenna  321  and monopole antenna  471  operate during reception to carry out diversity reception. 
   Thus, monopole antenna  471  can suppress deterioration of gain and at the same time mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna elements. Furthermore, dipole antenna  321  can not only suppress deterioration of gain but also mainly receive vertically polarized waves parallel to the axial direction of the antenna elements. On the other hand, the signal sent from the other end of communication is often a mixture of vertically polarized waves and horizontally polarized waves due to various factors such as reflection. Thus, when there are more horizontally polarized waves, the axial direction of the antenna matches the plane of polarization of the signal, and therefore it is possible to increase the reception gain. 
   Thus, this embodiment uses dipole antenna  321  in Embodiment 60 and monopole antenna  471  constructed in the same way as monopole antenna  431  in Embodiment 64, and can thereby provide a diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal capable of suppressing deterioration of gain due to influences from the human body and with a wideband input reflection characteristic. 
   (Embodiment 73) 
   Embodiment 73 is a mode in which the configurations of the dipole antenna in Embodiment 60 to Embodiment 72 and the first and second passive elements accompanying this dipole antenna are changed. 
     FIG. 83  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 73 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the antenna elements making up dipole antenna  481  are rectangular-wave-shaped. First passive element  482  and second passive element  483  are also rectangular-wave-shaped. 
   Dipole antenna  481  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this dipole antenna  481  in the above configurations are applicable as the dipole antenna and first passive element and second passive element accompanying this dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. For example, applying dipole antenna  481  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this dipole antenna  481  in the above configurations to the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 60 shown in  FIG. 71  means that dipole antenna  481  is used instead of dipole antenna  321  shown in  FIG. 71 , first passive element  482  is used instead of first passive element  391  shown in  FIG. 71  and second passive element  483  is used instead of second passive element  392  shown in  FIG. 71 . 
   Thus, by using rectangular-wave-shaped dipole antenna  481  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this dipole antenna  481 , this embodiment can reduce the size of the apparatus. 
   (Embodiment 74) 
   Embodiment 74 is a mode in which the configurations of monopole antenna  431 , first passive element  432  and second passive element  433  in Embodiment 64 are changed. 
     FIG. 89  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 74 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the antenna element making up monopole antenna  491  is rectangular-wave-shaped. Furthermore, first passive element  492  and second passive element  493  are also rectangular-wave-shaped. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 64 in that monopole antenna  491 , first passive element  492  and second passive element  493  are rectangular-wave-shaped. 
   Thus, by using rectangular-wave-shaped monopole antenna  491 , first passive element  492  and second passive element  493 , this embodiment can reduce the size of the apparatus. 
   (Embodiment 75) 
   Embodiment 75 is a mode in which the configuration of the dipole antenna in Embodiment 60 to Embodiment 72 is changed. 
     FIG. 90  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  501  in Embodiment 75 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  501  according to Embodiment 75 is formed in such a way that two bar-shaped antenna elements are placed in parallel and the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel are shorted. 
   Folded-dipole antenna  501  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, applying folded-dipole antenna  501  as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification makes it possible to achieve effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 76) 
   Embodiment 76 is a mode in which the configuration of folded-dipole antenna  501  in Embodiment 75 is changed. Embodiment 76 is the same as Embodiment 75 except for the configuration of the folded-dipole antenna. In  FIG. 91 , the same components as those in Embodiment 75 are assigned the same reference numerals and detailed explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 91  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of folded-dipole antenna  511  in Embodiment 76 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-dipole antenna  511  according to Embodiment 76 is formed in such a way that two bar-shaped antenna elements are placed in parallel and impedance elements  512  are attached to the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel. 
   Folded-dipole antenna  511  in the above configuration is applicable as a dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, applying folded-dipole antenna  511  as the dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification makes it possible to achieve effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. Furthermore, using folded-dipole antenna  511  in the above configuration as the dipole antenna makes it possible to widen the band and further reduce the size of the antenna. 
   (Embodiment 77) 
   Embodiment 77 is a mode in which, of dipole antenna  481 , first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  shown in  FIG. 88 , dipole antenna  481  is changed to folded-dipole antenna  101  shown in  FIG. 18 . 
     FIG. 92  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 77 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  are placed in such a way as to face folded-dipole antenna  101 . 
   Folded-dipole antenna  101  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this folded-dipole antenna  101  in the above configurations are applicable as the dipole antenna and first passive element and second passive element accompanying this dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, by using folded-dipole antenna  101  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this folded-dipole antenna  101  as the dipole antenna and first passive element and second passive element accompanying this dipole antenna, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 78) 
   Embodiment 78 is a mode in which, of dipole antenna  481 , first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  shown in  FIG. 88 , dipole antenna  481  is changed to folded-dipole antenna  111  shown in  FIG. 19 . 
     FIG. 93  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 78 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  are placed in such a way as to face folded-dipole antenna  101 . 
   Folded-dipole antenna  111  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this dipole antenna  111  in the above configurations are applicable as the dipole antenna and first passive element and second passive element accompanying this dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification. 
   Thus, by using folded-dipole antenna  111  and first passive element  482  and second passive element  483  accompanying this folded-dipole antenna  111  as the dipole antenna and first passive element and second passive element accompanying this dipole antenna in each embodiment of the present Specification, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in each embodiment of the present Specification, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 79) 
   Embodiment 79 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  471  in Embodiment 72 is changed. Embodiment 79 is the same as Embodiment 75 except the configuration of the monopole antenna. In  FIG. 94 , the parts similar to those in Embodiment 75 are assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 94  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 79 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-monopole antenna  521  is horseshoe-shaped. That is, this embodiment is different from Embodiment 72 in that monopole antenna  471  is replaced by monopole antenna  521 . 
   Thus, by using folded-monopole antenna  521  as the monopole antenna, this embodiment can achieve effects similar to those in Embodiment 72, step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 80) 
   Embodiment 80 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  521  in Embodiment 79 is changed. Embodiment 80 is the same as Embodiment 79 except for the configuration of the monopole antenna. In  FIG. 95 , the parts similar to those in Embodiment 79 are assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 95  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 80 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, folded-monopole antenna  531  is formed in such a way that two bar-shaped antenna elements are placed in parallel and impedance element  532  is attached to the ends of these two antenna elements placed in parallel. Thus, by using folded-monopole antenna  531  provided with impedance element  532 , this embodiment can step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. 
   (Embodiment 81) 
   Embodiment 81 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  491  shown in  FIG. 89  is changed. Embodiment 81 is the same as Embodiment 74 except the configuration of the monopole antenna. In  FIG. 96 , the same components as those in Embodiment 74 are assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 96  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 81 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, monopole antenna  541  is formed in such a way that two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements are placed in parallel and the ends of these two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements placed in parallel are shorted. 
   Thus, by using rectangular-wave-shaped folded-monopole antenna as the monopole antenna, this embodiment can step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. This embodiment can also reduce the size of the apparatus. 
   (Embodiment 82) 
   Embodiment 82 is a mode in which the configuration of monopole antenna  541  shown in  FIG. 96  is changed. Embodiment 82 is the same as Embodiment 81 except the configuration of the monopole antenna. In  FIG. 97 , the same components as those in Embodiment 81 are assigned the same reference numerals and explanations thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 97  is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of main components of the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal according to Embodiment 82 of the present invention. As shown in this figure, monopole antenna  551  in Embodiment 82 is formed in such a way that two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements are placed in parallel and impedance element  552  is attached to the ends of these two rectangular-wave-shaped antenna elements placed in parallel. 
   Thus, by using a rectangular-wave-shaped folded-monopole antenna as monopole antenna  551  and attaching impedance element  552  thereto, this embodiment can step up impedance and perform impedance matching easily. This embodiment can also reduce the size of the apparatus. 
   By the way, Embodiment 49 to Embodiment 59 above have described the case where each antenna element of the dipole antenna is bar-shaped, but the present invention is not limited to this and one or both of the antenna elements can also be rectangular-wave-shaped. 
   Furthermore, Embodiment 49 to Embodiment 59 above have described the case where the first passive element is bar-shaped, but the present invention is not limited to this and the first passive element can also be rectangular-wave-shaped or spiral-shaped. 
   Furthermore, the built-in antenna for a radio communication terminal or diversity antenna for a radio communication terminal according to each of the above-described embodiments can be mounted in a communication terminal apparatus or base station apparatus. 
   This application is based on the Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-056476 filed on Mar. 1, 2000, the Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-118692 filed on Apr. 19, 2000 and the Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-262549 filed on Aug. 31, 2000, entire content of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. 
   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
   The present invention is applicable to a built-in antenna used for a radio communication terminal.