Patent Publication Number: US-2017347905-A1

Title: Brain activity monitoring, supporting mental state development and training

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application claims the priority benefits of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/344,454, filed on Jun. 2, 2016, titled “BRAIN ACTIVITY MONITORING, SUPPORTING MENTAL STATE DEVELOPMENT AND TRAINING”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present application generally relates to EEG-based brain activity monitoring, and in particular, it relates to a method and system for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user, such as for example, a player or an athlete involved in a specific sports. The present invention further relates to a system that can facilitate in developing technical skills among the users/players through effective training. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In a field of performance psychology, optimal achievement of a particular task results from a presence of a psychological state. The psychological state comprises optimal values measured from psychological signals. Putting a golf ball, scoring a boundary, shooting a basketball, or throwing darts are all examples of activities and their successful completion is linked to the presence of an optimal achievement state concurrent with the psychological state of a player involved in respective games. 
     Further, knowledge of concussion (G-Force) hitting the player&#39;s brain while playing is vital. There is a mounting concern among number of users, specifically the athletes/players that often get concussed during a game play. Thus, the players/athletes getting concussed during their game play could be a big concern for parents, sporting bodies, and insurance companies. 
     Further, such concussive and/or sub-concussive hits onto the brain experienced by the players/athletes have been correlated with long term chronic and deleterious effects onto their brain. Cumulative effects of the concussive and sub-concussive that hits brains of the players/athletes may result in various psychiatric disorders and/or long term memory loss in them. Further, repetitive concussion in the players/athletes especially children and adolescence (low age group players in general) may impact their brain development process. 
     Despite several solutions proposed in the past to mitigate affect of concussion, it has remained a significant problem. Some research have demonstrated that some of existing head protection devices as a solution to overcome affects of the concussion may actually increase head accelerations and exacerbate the risk of concussions in the users. In order to properly manage concussion among the athletes/players, it may be necessary to remove the athletes suspected of sustaining concussion during the game play. The athletes who are not removed, or who are returned to the game play prematurely after sustaining a concussive hit may be at an increased risk of a catastrophic outcome known as ‘second impact syndrome’. The second concussion may occur in minutes, days, or weeks after the prior concussion. Even mild grades of concussions may lead to disability or death. 
     In addition, a coherence level of psychological state of workers and an operator may be vital to achieve desired productivity results in a work place, thus there is a need for a system that would facilitate with analyzing the electrical activities of the brain both at a prior state before occurrence of the concussion and at a post state after the occurrence of the concussion. 
     Conventionally, methods for studying psychological state has required analysis of the electrical activities of the brain. Conventional methods uses electrodes adhered to a user&#39;s scalp in combination with associated electronics such as amplifiers, filters, converters, integrators or the like, and then a display of an electroencephalogram (“EEG”) was studied for a given time period depicting the electrical activities of the brain at the various electrode sites. In general, EEG signals have been studied in an effort to determine relationships between frequencies of electrical activities or neural discharge patterns of the brain and corresponding psychological state. Such monitoring of the user&#39;s EEG and providing feedback information to the user as a function of the EEG may serve to enable a user&#39;s ability to reach a target psychological state and thus enhance the user&#39;s performance level. However, such conventional solutions are not fit for the users involved in various games/sports who may at any instant be hit by the concussion (real time monitoring). 
     In the light of above described background art, there is a need for a system and method that would facilitate in determining an extent of concussion experienced by the user in real time, such as the player or the athlete involved in a specific sport. The present invention further helps in developing technical skills among the users/players through effective training. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     An object of the embodiments of the present invention described herein is to provide a method and system for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user. 
     Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method and system that would develop cognitive skills as well as technical skills among the users to make them more focused and competent for the activities (such as games) they are participating in. 
     According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user. The method comprising receiving, by a computing device, a plurality of electroencephalogram (EEG) data related to the user via an external device associated with the user; determining, by the computing device, the extent of concussion based on the plurality of EEG data received from the user via the external device; and displaying, by the computing device, a set of data related to the extent of concussion. 
     According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a computing device for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user, the computing device comprising a memory; a transceiver to receive a plurality of electroencephalogram (EEG) data related to the user via an external device associated with the user; a processor coupled to the memory; a G-force analyzer communicatively coupled to the processor, the processor configured to: determine the extent of concussion based on the plurality of EEG data; and display a set of data related to the extent of concussion. 
     These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       This invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is an example scenario illustrating a system for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of a computing device used for determining an extent of concussion experienced by the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIGS. 3A-3B  illustrates a step by step process for determining an extent of concussion experienced by the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is an example scenario illustrating a method for determining a performance metric of the user among a group of users, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is an example illustrating a method for displaying data related to the performance metric of the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is an example illustrating a method for displaying data related to an extent of concussion experienced by the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a flow diagram illustrating a method for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a flow diagram illustrating a method for determining the performance metric associated with the user, according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  shows a schematic diagram for training the user, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  shows an exemplary visual screen displayed on the computing device that helps the user visualize the concussion, and help in developing the technical skills during the training; and 
         FIG. 11  illustrates an example computing environment adapted for implementation of the method and system adapted for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user, according to embodiments of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Some embodiments, illustrating its features, will now be discussed in detail. The words “comprising”, “having”, “containing” and “including”, “comprises of” and other forms thereof, are intended to be equivalent in meaning and be open ended in that an item or items following any one of these words is not meant to be an exhaustive listing of such item or items, or meant to be limited to only the listed item or items. It must also be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Further, in the context of the present invention the terms “games”, “sports”, and other forms thereof are synonymously used throughout the description. Further, in the context of the present invention the terms “players”, “users”, “athletes” and other forms thereof are synonymously used throughout the description to denote a user. 
     The embodiments of the present invention described herein discloses a method for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user. The method comprising receiving, by a computing device, a plurality of electroencephalogram (EEG) data related to the user via an external device associated with the user; determining, by the computing device, the extent of concussion based on the plurality of EEG data received from the user via the external device; and displaying, by the computing device, a set of data related to the extent of concussion. 
     Unlike the conventional systems and methods, the proposed method includes determining the extent of concussion that hits the user brain based on EEG data related to brain activities of the user before the brain is concussed, determining the extent of concussion based on the EEG data related to brain activities of the user during time of concussion, and determining the extent of concussion based on the EEG data related to brain activities of the user after the brain is concussed. Thus the proposed method provides a benchmark to ascertain the seriousness of the concussion for a physician. Further, the proposed method includes a dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism for eliminating interference noise from the digital EEG data so that a Mushin state of the user can be determined. 
     In an embodiment, the proposed method further includes determining brain state of the user by comparing the analog EEG data of the user wearing or using an external device with a metric. In an embodiment, the method further includes determining a performance metric of the user by analyzing the brain state of the user over a period of time. 
     Unlike the conventional systems and methods, the proposed method provides the performance metric of a user among a group of users. So the user having a poor performance metric among the group of users get a warning to improve his brain state. Further, the method provides dynamic conversion of the EEG data received from the external device to a color value or an audio visual representation based on a characteristic of the EEG data. Unlike the conventional methods and systems, the proposed method provides in-situ neurologic and physiologic monitoring of the user. Further, the proposed method provides the performance metric of a user who is associated to a different group of users. For example, the proposed method receives and analyzes the EEG data from different groups where one group competes with other groups in a group game, for example a football game. Further, the proposed method includes a voice guided blueprint that analyzes the root cause of the indifference among the users based on the performance matrices and also guides the users through drills to remedy the indifferences. Further, the proposed method provides high fidelity human health and performance data without interfering with the user&#39;s athletic activity or routine. 
     Further, the following detailed description is intended to provide example implementations to one of ordinary skill in the art, and is not intended to limit the invention, as one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that variations can be substituted that are within the scope of the invention as described. Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings:  FIGS. 1-11 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  is an example scenario illustrating a system for determining an extent of concussion experienced by a user. The system  100  includes an external device  102 , the user  104 , a computing device  106 , a communication network  108 , and a server  110 . The user  104  preferably includes without any limitation a player, a coach or a physician. The external device  102  is associated with the user  104  and is configured to capture electroencephalogram (EEG) data of the user  104 . Examples of the external device  102  may include, but are not limited to a headband, a headphone, a wearable gear, an electrode placed on the scalp, a bracelet, or any other user wearable accessories. In an embodiment, the external device  102  may be attached to the scalp of the user  104  by various means, including, but not limited to, adhesives, headbands, visors, caps, hats, helmets, clamps, clips and earring studs. In a preferred embodiment, the means of attachment of the external device  102  to the head of the user  104  is a cap. In an embodiment, the server  110  includes a cloud platform. 
     According to the embodiment, the external device  102  may be configured to be worn during an athletic activity, as well as any other activity such as during training. “Athletic activity” as used herein, does not refer to a specific sport or athletic event, but instead refers to any activity in which the wearer of the external device  102  may potentially sustain the concussion and/or desires to quantify and track their health and performance metrics. 
     In an embodiment, the external device  102  may be equipped with at least one of accelerometers, magnetic sensors, reed relays, RFID, photo-sensors, pressure sensor, piezoelectric sensors, tilt sensors, microphones, radio antennas, proximity sensor, tactile sensor, thermocouples, electro-chemical sensors, gyroscopes, humidity sensors, acoustic sensor, vibration sensors, temperature sensors, hydration sensors, moisture sensor, tilt sensor, inertial measurement unit sensor, compass, inclinometer, altimeter, GPS, pulse-oximeter sensors, EEGs, EKGs, voltmeters, ammeters, capacitance meter, inductance meter, resistance meter, LCR meter, or any combination thereof. 
     According to the embodiment, the external device  102  may capture EEG data from different groups where one group competes with other groups in a group game. According to the embodiments, the proposed method provides in-situ neurologic and physiologic monitoring of the user  104 . In clinical contexts, EEG refers to the recording of the brain&#39;s spontaneous electrical activity over a period of time. In an embodiment, the EEG data includes neural oscillations and event-related potentials. Further, in clinical context, event-related potentials (ERPs) refer to averaged EEG responses that are time-locked to more complex processing of brain stimuli. 
     According to the embodiment, the captured EEG data includes concussion (G-Force) data. For example, the G-force on an object sitting on the Earth&#39;s surface is caused by mechanical force exerted in the upward direction by the ground, keeping the object from going into free-fall. The upward contact-force from the ground ensures that the object at rest on the earth&#39;s surface is accelerating relative to the free-fall condition. 
     In the embodiment, the concussions may occur as a result of at least one of repeated head accelerations, single large head acceleration, or a combination of both. According to the embodiment, the external device  102  is equipped with one or more large soft woven sensors reliable and capable of capturing the EEG data from the user  104  in real time. Unlike the conventional systems, the proposed solution uses the one or more soft woven sensors that ensure the injury is not exacerbated by the monitoring equipment while inside the helmet or the like. The woven sensor provide wide surface that is artifact tolerant, hence can be used in-situ. The woven sensors may be configured in such a way that any acceleration, rotation, displacement, alteration of position, etc. of the wearer at the point of attachment are properly mimicked. 
     In context of the present invention, the computing device  106  refers to a handheld electronic device that can be used to communicate over the communication network  108 . Examples of the computing device  106  include, but are not limited to a cell phone, a smart phone, a cellular phone, a cellular mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless email terminal, a navigation terminal, a directional finder, a route planner, a laptop, and a tablet computer. Examples of types of the communication network  108  include, but are not limited to a local area network, a wide area network, a radio network, a virtual private network, an Internet area network, a metropolitan area network, a satellite network, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth Low energy, a wireless network, a cloud network, and a telecommunication network. Examples of the telecommunication network include, but are not be limited to a global system for mobile communication (GSM) network, a general packet radio service (GPRS) network, third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), an enhanced data GSM environment (EDGE), 4G, LTE, LTE-A, and a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). 
     In the context of present invention, the external device  102  sends the captured EEG data of the user  104  to the computing device  106 . According to the embodiment, the captured EEG data is analogue data. The computing device  106  is configured to convert the received analogue data from the external device  102  to a digital data. In an embodiment, the computing device  106  includes an analogue to digital converter that converts analog EEG data to digital EEG data. Further, the computing device  106  is configured to eliminate interference noise from the digital EEG data. The computing device  106  eliminates the interference noise from the digital EEG data using dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism. The dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) process nullifies the interference that occurs while processing EEG data that is collected from different users though the external device  102  associated with them. After eliminating the interference noise the computing device  106  forwards the EEG data optionally to the server  110 , in case the processing of data has to be carried out by server  110 . However, according to the described embodiment, the computing device  106  is capable of carrying out all the processing activities alone or in conjunction with the server  110 . Unlike the conventional systems, the proposed method proposes an effective solution to eliminating interference noise from the digital EEG data using the dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism that ensures the proposed method can be used in-situ. The dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism is described in conjunction with  FIGS. 3A and 3B  below. 
     Further, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the extent of concussion based on the digital EEG data after eliminating the interference noise from the digital EEG data. According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the extent of concussion based on a comparison of digital EEG data received from the user via the external device  102  with a metric stored therein. The data of the metric is shown in Table 1 below. According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the extent of concussion based on EEG data related to brain activities of the user  104  before the brain is concussed, during the concussion and after the brain is concussed. 
     According to some embodiments, the computing device  106  may be configured to record the biometric data of the user  104  prior to, during, or subsequent to engagement in an athletic activity. The recorded biometric data may be used to analyze the user&#39;s health and performance, and may also be used to track the same health and performance metrics over a period of time. This may aid in the recognition of the concussion, which may be too subtle or difficult to detect without performance metric tracking. Recorded biometric data may provide for an objective means of tracking health and performance trends and recognizing health events. A potential concussion may trigger the computing device  106  to report the potential concussion associated to the user  104 . 
     According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to determine brain state of the user  104  by comparing the analog EEG data of the person  104  with associated external device  102  with a metric. An example data of the metric is shown in Table 1 below. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Frequency 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 range 
               
               
                   
                 Name 
                 (Hz) 
                 Brain State of a person 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 Delta 
                 0-4 
                 Sleep, unconscious processing 
               
               
                   
                 Theta 
                 4-7 or 4-8 
                 Deeply relaxed, inwardly focused 
               
               
                   
                 Alpha 
                 8-12 or 8-13 
                 Very relaxed, passive attention 
               
               
                   
                 Beta 
                 &gt;13 
                 External attention 
               
               
                   
                 SMR Beta 
                 12-15 
                 Relaxed, external attention 
               
               
                   
                 Mid Beta 
                 15-18 
                 Active, external attention 
               
               
                   
                 High Beta 
                 18-35 
                 Anxiety, external attention 
               
               
                   
                 Gamma 
                 &gt;30 or &gt;35 
                 Peak performance states or a 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 consolidation frequency 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As shown in example Table 1, if the analog EEG data of the user  104  is 3 Hz, then the computing device  106  is configured to determine brain state as unconscious. Similarly, if the analog EEG data of the user  104  is 20 Hz, then the computing device  106  is configured to determine brain state as an anxiety state. 
     Further, according to the embodiment, the computing device  106  may record acceleration, rotation, displacement, and/or geographic position information of the user  104 . In some embodiments, the computing device  106  may be used to detect head, body, or extremity tilt and direction. The recorded information may be used to determine the possible occurrence of the concussion. 
     According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to calculate the severity level for a single impact, a plurality, or an entirety of the one or more impacts. In an example, the computing device  106  is configured to calculate the severity level by comparing the EEG data along with sensor data (e.g., vibration data, acceleration data, rotational data, or a combination thereof) that is collected from difference sensors against the threshold data. For example, the computing device  106  is configured to determine if the user  104  sustained an impact consisting of a linear impact component (e.g., x number of g-forces (g&#39;s)) or a rotational movement or angular acceleration component (e.g., x number of radians/s2) and determines the severity level based on those values compared against the impact threshold criteria that the user  104  has sustained the concussion previously. 
     Further, the computing device  106  is configured to display data related to the extent of concussion. In an embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to display data related to the performance metric of the person  104 . In an embodiment, the data related to the extent of concussion is displayed in a visual form. In another embodiment, the data related to the extent of concussion is converted to a color value or audio visual representation based on a characteristic of the EEG data. Examples of visual form include, but are not limited to emoticons, graphical character, chart, avatars, and graphical reports. In an embodiment, the visual form includes quantitative analysis of analyzed EEG data. In an example, the quantitative analysis of analyzed EEG data refers to degree of similarity of the analyzed EEG data with the range of frequencies mentioned in Table 1, shown above. In another example, the quantitative analysis of analyzed EEG data refers to percentage calculation. In an embodiment, the analyzed EEG data provide a benchmark to ascertain the seriousness of the knock for a physician. 
     According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to monitor the one or more impacts sustained by the user  104  over a period of time (e.g., duration of the team/group activity). In particular, the user  104  that may have sustained a number of impacts over the period of time may be at the same level of risk to short-term or long-term injury as another user that may have sustained a single severe impact even if the impacts over the period of time are minimal or moderate in severity. In addition, the user that has sustained a severe impact (e.g., a concussion) may be more susceptible to sustain another concussion from one or more impacts, particularly if the time between such one or more impacts is minimal. 
     According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to generate a recommendation for a level of participation of the user  104 , the one or more other users, or a combination thereof in a team/group activity based on the one or more impacts, a severity level of the one or more impacts, or a combination thereof. 
     According to another embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to “predict” a level of risk of short-term or long-term injury for the user  104  based on the one or more impacts sustained by the user  104  over the period of time and can then generate the recommendation for the level of participation for the user  104  accordingly. For example, based on the impacts sustained by the user, the computing device  106  may be configured to recommend not to continue to participate in the activity for the duration of the activity, the duration of the season (e.g., if the user has already sustained a number of severe impacts over the course of the season or his career depending on the particular circumstances). 
     In yet another embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to recommend to a coach monitoring the user/player  104  stating the user  104  is at a moderate to high level of risk of injury and therefore should be carefully watched for a period of time (e.g., the next few plays) or be immediately examined by a medical personnel (e.g., a clinician, a trainer, etc.) for possible signs of a mild traumatic brain injury or a concussion upon sustaining one or more impacts. Further, the computing device  106  may be configured to recommend that the user  104  is safe to participate or to continue participating in the activity despite having sustained one or more impacts (e.g., one or more impacts of minimal severity). 
     In one embodiment, the computing device  106  is further configured to determine a substitute for the user  104  participating in the team activity based on the one or more impacts. For example, if the computing device  106  is configured to detect if the user  104  has sustained a number of impacts throughout the course of the activity (e.g., a football game), the system can suggest a substitute user that can replace the user  104 , such substitution may be for example, during the particular activity or for a period of time (e.g., the next scheduled activity). According to the embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the one or more substitutions based on the premise that there should be no severely impacted users (may be players) participating in the activity at any given time and that the number of cautionary users participating in the activity should be minimized as much as possible. Therefore, the computing device  106  is configured to possibly determine the one or more substitutions so that the one or more users participating in the activity are safe and fit to participate and/or to continue participating in the activities (e.g., green users). 
     In an embodiment, the computation device  106  further includes an alert module. The alert module is configured to send notifications to an intended user. Examples of the notification may include, but are not limited to an email, text message, short message service (SMS), video clip, audio response, Interactive voice response (IVR), and a popup application. 
     In an embodiment, the computation device  106  further includes a performance mapping module. The performance mapping module compares the brain state of the user  104  with brain state of another user in the group of users. Further, the performance mapping module determines a performance metric of each user from the group and provides feedback to each user from the group on improvising performance of each user of the group to achieve the objective of the group to which the user belongs. 
     In another embodiment, the performance mapping module determines brain state of the user  104  and provides feedback to the user  104  to attain a Mushin state. In context of the present invention, the Mushin state refers to a state of mind where discursive thought and judgment are absent and the user  104  is driven towards the objective of the group. In an example, consider a golf match where a golfer, a caddie and a coach are present. Each having the external device  102  placed on their scalp. The external device  102  collects EEG data from the golfer, the caddie and the coach and sends the collected EEG data to the corresponding computing devices associated with the golfer, caddie and coach. Consider a scenario where the computing device  106  that is associated with the golfer receives the EEG data. The computing device  106  is configured to determine the brain state of the golfer by comparing the EEG data with the metric. If it is determined that the brain state of the golfer is not in the range of the Mushin state frequency, then the computing device  106  provides a training methodology to improve the brain state of the golfer. After the training, the golfer attains the Mushin state. 
     Referring to the  FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of the computing device  106  for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user  104 . In an embodiment, the computing device  106  includes a G-force analyzer  202 , a processor  204 , a memory  206 , and a transceiver  208 . The G-force analyzer  202  communicatively linked to the processor  204  and configured to determine the extent of concussion based on the EEG data. Further, the G-force analyzer  202  is configured to display data related to the extent of concussion onto the computing device  106 . 
     The processor  204  may be, for example, a hardware unit, an apparatus, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)) communicatively coupled to the memory  206  (e.g., a volatile memory and/or a non-volatile memory). The memory includes storage locations configured to be addressable through the processor  204 . Further, the memory  206  may include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements may include magnetic hard discs, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories. In addition, the memory  206  may, in some examples, be considered a non-transitory storage medium. The term “non-transitory” may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term “non-transitory” should not be interpreted that the memory  206  is non-movable. In some examples, the memory  206  can be configured to store larger amounts of information than the memory. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium may store data that can, over time, change (e.g., in Random Access Memory (RAM) or cache). The transceiver  208  can be configured for communicating internally between the units and externally with the networks. Further, the transceiver  208  is configured to receive electroencephalogram (EEG) data from the user  104  transmitted by the external device  102  associated with the user  104 . According to some other embodiment, the transceiver  208  may also be configured to receive data from other sensors (for example, tilt sensor, accelerometer and so on) worn by the user  104  during training, for example, sensors present on the body locations such as pelvic area, thorax region, and sensor on the club held by the user and so on. Such data from other sensors may be analyzed and processed by the processor  204  based on set of instructions stored in the memory  206  to help meet the objectives of the training. Analysis and processing of such data from other sensors apart from the EEG data received from the external device  102  may be needed during training to make the user/player  104  realize about the actual body positions that they should have while participating in activities (for example, training required for the game of Golf), while they are getting trained to achieve mushin state. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3A-3B  that that illustrate step by step process for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user  104 . At step  302 , the computing device  106  is configured to receive the EEG data from the user  104  via the external device  102  worn by the user  104 . As shown, at step  304 , the computing device  106  is configured to store the EEG data in a FIFO (first in first out) buffer on a first-in, first-out basis. The FIFO buffers are used to manage asynchronous EEG data collected from the external device  102  at different time. The storage structure of FIFO buffer is typically an array of contiguous memory. The EEG data is written to the “head” of the buffer and read from the “tail”. When the head or tail reaches the end of the memory array, it wraps around to the beginning. If the tail runs in to the head, the buffer is empty. 
     As shown, at step  306 , the computing device  106  is configured to process the EEG data through dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism. The FFT is a fast implementation of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) wherein the EEG data are converted from time domain EEG data into its corresponding frequency domain EEG data. The dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism use equation (3), this results by performing FFT on equation (1) and equation (2), to convert time domain EEG data into its corresponding frequency domain EEG data. 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
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     As shown above, the multidimensional DFT transforms an array x n  with a d-dimensional vector of indices n=(n 1 , n 2 , . . . n d ) by a set of d nested summations (over n j =0 . . . N j-1  for each j), where the division n/N, defined as n/N=(n 1 /N 1 , n 2 /N 2 , . . . , n d /N d ), is performed element-wise. Further, performing dual parallel FFT on the equation (1) and the equation (2), results equation (3) 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       
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     At step  308 , the frequency domain EEG data are inputted to a mixer. The mixer shift signals from one frequency range to another. For example, consider a scenario where two signals at frequencies f 1  and f 2  are applied to a mixer along with the signal from a local oscillator, the mixer produces new signals at the sum f 1 +f 2  and difference f 1 −f 2  of the original frequencies. The mixer produces a frequency shifted EEG data from the inputted frequency domain EEG data. The output signal of mixer is inputted to a low pass filter. 
     At step  310 , the low pass filter having a cutoff frequency, for example 44 Hz, passes the EEG data with a frequency lower than the cutoff frequency and attenuates data with frequencies higher than the cutoff frequency. The output of the low pass filter (denoted as “A”) is inputted to a moving averages filter. 
     As shown, at step  312 , the moving averages filter use equation (4) while considering a slew rate (for example, 2πfv) for smoothing an array of sampled data (EEG data from the low pass filter). The moving average filter is a simple Low Pass FIR (Finite Impulse Response) filter commonly used for smoothing an array of sampled data. In an example, the moving average filter takes M samples of input at a time and performs the average of those M-samples and produces a single output point. The moving average filter eliminates unwanted noisy component (e.g., movement artifact) from the intended data (EEG data). 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
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     At step  314 , the EEG data from the moving average filter is compared with the data of Table 1, to determine the extent of concussion based on the EEG data. Further, the computing device  106  is configured to cause to display data related to the extent of concussion. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4  is an example scenario illustrating a method for determining the performance metric of the user  104  in a group of users. For example, consider a scenario where a coach  406  is guiding a golfer  402  to play golf in a better way, and a caddie  404  is observing the guiding activities. Each of the person (the coach  406 , the golfer  402 , or the caddie  404 ) wearing an external device  102  on their head. In context of the present scenario, the external device  102  is a headband worn by the golfer  402 , the caddie  404  and the coach  406 . The external device  102  collects EEG data from the Golfer  402 , the caddie  404  and the coach  406  and sends the collected data to the computing device  106 . It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the external device  102  is capable of capturing EEG data from the golfer  402 , the caddie  404  and the coach  406  simultaneously in real time regardless of whether the golfer  402  is in motion and the coach  406  is sited at stationary position at a place watching the golfer  402  play. The computing device  106  converts the received analogue EEG data to digital EEG data. Further, the computing device  106  is configured to eliminate the interference noise from the digital EEG data. In an embodiment, the computing device  106  eliminates the interference noise from the digital EEG data using dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) process. The dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) process nullifies the interference that may occurs during the processing of the EEG data from the golfer  402 , the caddie  404  and the coach  406 . 
     Further, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the brain state of each user (i.e., the coach  406 , the golfer  402  or the caddie  404 ) by comparing the EEG data of each user with the metric. The brain state represents the psychological parameters of the golfer  402 , the caddie  404  and the coach  406 . In context of the present scenario, consider desirable brain state is mushin state and desirable objective is winning the match. If the brain state of the user, for example the caddie  404 , is not matching with the mushin state frequency, then the computing device  106  is configured to trigger a notification for the caddie  404 . In an embodiment, the notification may be a voice message. In an example, the voice message includes step by step guidelines for improving the brain state to achieve the mushin state. The caddie  404  is then required to follow the guidelines in order to coincide with the thoughts of the golfer  402  and the coach  406 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 5  is an example illustrating a method for displaying data related to performance metric of the user  104 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the graphical representation of multiple users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  is displayed on the computing device  106 . For example, consider a scenario, where each of the users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  wear the external device (eg. headband)  102  on their head. The external devices  102  collect the EEG data from the users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  and send the data to the computing device  106 . It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the capturing means is capable of capturing EEG data from the multiple users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  simultaneously in real time regardless of whether the users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  are in motion or sitting idle. The computing device  106  is configured to convert the received analogue EEG data to the digital EEG data. Further, the computing device  106  is configured to eliminate the interference noise from the received digital EEG data. In an embodiment, the computing device  106  removes interference noise from the digital EEG data using dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) process. The dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) process nullifies the interference that may occurs while processing EEG data from the multiple users  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510 . 
     Further, the computing device  106  is configured to determine the brain state of each user by comparing the EEG data of each user with the metric. In context of the present scenario, consider desirable brain state to be mushin state. If the brain state of the user person (Eg, the user  504 ) is not matching with the mushin state frequency, then the computing device  106  is configured to trigger a notification for the user  504 . In context of the exemplary scenario, the notification may be a graphical element  502 . As shown in  FIG. 5 , the graphical element  502  is a bulb icon. When the multiple people  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  are in the same state, for example, the mushin state, the graphical element  502  is configured to change its display properties. Examples of display properties include, but are not limited to brightness, contrast, color, shape, and size. When the multiple user  504 ,  506 ,  508 ,  510  are in different psychological state, the graphical element  502  remains unchanged. Similarly, when the user, for example the user  504 , attains the mushin state, then the connection line between the person  504  and the bulb changes its display properties. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6  is an example illustrating a method for displaying data related to the extent of concussion experienced by the user  104 . In an embodiment, the computing device  106  is configured to apply a marker (e.g., label) to the streaming EEG data when a threshold for concussion (G-force) is reached. A noticeable change in the EEG data is displayed on the computing device  106 . In an embodiment, the threshold may be different for youth football as compared to professional football, or by gender, age, height, weight, or position. In another embodiment, the threshold may be preprogrammed based on the needs of the user for the activity in which the user will be engaged. In a specific embodiment, acceleration in excess of a ±1 g and sampled rate of 25 Hz may be set as the activity trigger for a walking activity. In another example, the threshold may be a cumulative number that result by adding the markers. The computing device  106  is configured to add a number of data points that are marked as shown in  FIG. 6 . Consider a scenario, where the threshold for deceleration is 20 marker points. When the addition of the number of data points is equal to 20 then, the computing device  106  is triggered to display the data on the computing device  106 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7  is a flow diagram  700  illustrating a method for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user. At step  702 , the method includes receiving EEG data related to the user  104  via the external device  102  associated with the user  104 . The method allows the transceiver  208  to receive EEG data related to the user  104  from the external device  102  associated therewith. At step  704 , the method includes a step of converting the analog EEG data received from the user  104  to digital EEG data. The method allows the processor  204  to convert the analog EEG data received from the user  104  via the external device  102  to digital EEG data. 
     At step  706 , the method includes a step of eliminating the interference noise from the digital EEG data using a dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism. The method allows the G-force analyzer  202  to eliminate the interference noise from the digital EEG data using the dual parallel fast Fourier transformation (FFT) mechanism. At step  708 , the method includes describes determining the extent of concussion based on the digital EEG data after eliminating the interference noise from the digital EEG data. The method allows the G-force analyzer  202  to determine the extent of concussion based on the digital EEG data after eliminating the interference noise from the digital EEG data. 
     The various actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like in the flow diagram  700  may be performed in the order presented, in a different order or simultaneously. Further, in some embodiments, some of the actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like may be omitted, added, modified, skipped, or the like without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 8  is a flow diagram  800  illustrating a method for determining the performance metric of the user  104 . At step  802 , the method determines a brain state of the user  104  by comparing analog EEG data related to the user  104  received from an external device  102  with a metric. The method allows the processor  204  to determine the brain&#39;s state of the user  104  by comparing the analog EEG data of the user  104  with the metric. 
     At step  804 , the method determines the performance metric of the user  104  by analyzing the brain state of the user  104  over a period of time. The method allows the processor  204  to determine the performance metric of the user  104  by analyzing the brain state of the person  104  over a period of time. 
     The various actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like in the flow diagram  800  may be performed in the order presented, in a different order or simultaneously. Further, in some embodiments, some of the actions, acts, blocks, steps, or the like may be omitted, added, modified, skipped, or the like without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     Further to above described system and methodology to determine the extent of concussion experienced by the user  104  and notifying the user  104  of various ways to attain the mushin state in order to succeed in attaining the optimum performance during any athletic activities. Present invention further enables the user  104  in developing technical skills of the game or activities the user  104  is a part of. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9-10  which shows diagrams for training the user  104  to develop technical skills related to the athletic activities, and help the user visualize the concussion experienced by him during the training. Although the example illustrated in  FIGS. 9-10  are with respect to the game of Golf, it should be understood that the application of the proposed invention is not limited to any specific athletic activities or games. As shown, the external device  102  may be donned by the user  104  during the training. Likewise, one or more sensors, preferably 3D motion sensors such as an accelerometer  902 , an tilt sensor  904  may be worn or put on different body locations or onto the golf club  906  held by the user  104  undergoing the training. Although only two sensors  902 , 904  are shown in use, the accelerometer  902  placed on the club  906  of the user  104 , and the tilt sensor  904  worn onto the pelvic area of the user  104 , it should be understood that more number of such sensors may be used simultaneously during the training. 
     In the course of operation, as described above with reference to  FIG. 1 , the external device  102  collects EEG data from the golfer/user  104  and sends the collected EEG data to the computing device  106  associated with the golfer/user  104  for further processing and determining the concussion and impact of concussion experienced by the user  104  at an instant of time. But as shown in  FIG. 9 , the computing device  106  may further be configured to receive data from the accelerometer  902  present on the club  906  of the user and the tilt sensor  904  present onto the pelvic area of the user  104  apart from receiving EEG data from the external device  102 . 
     In the example training scenario depicted by  FIG. 9-10 , the computing device  106  would received the EEG data from the external device  102  and determine the brain state of the golfer/user  104  by comparing the EEG data with the metric. If the determined brain state of the golfer/user  104  is not in the range of the Mushin state frequency, then the computing device  106  provides the training methodology to improve the brain state of the golfer/user  104 . 
     According to the example training scenario shown in  FIG. 10 , each the brain state of the golfer/user  104  is displayed in different color. For example, if the golfer  104  is in anxiety state, then color of left side of brain is red and color of right side of brain is grey. Similarly, if the golfer  104  is in the Mushin state, then color of left side of the brain is green and color of right side of the brain is blue. 
     As shown in the example visual screen, the user  104  selects or is given (by his trainer) a specific exercise/drill or set of exercises or drills to practice for example, TPS chip, TPS 5 iron etc. During training, the golfer/user  104  is required to practice or learn specific positions, for example, address takeaway, transition etc. When the user/golfer  104  is taking required position, it is very important to know the body positions of the golfer  104  along with his state of brain. When the user&#39;s  104  body position is correct, and he is correctly aiming the golf ball in the mushin state then only the user/golfer  104  succeeds in practicing specific positions of the exercises. 
     As assistance to the user/golfer  104  undergoing training, the computing device  106  displays the data related to the different sensors (i.e., the accelerometer  902  and the tilt sensor  904 ) and provide one of audio feedback, visual feedback, or tactile feedback to the golfer  104  to help him align his body position, and his aim at ball with the club. According to the embodiment, the feedback may includes data related to bending, or turning the body position or club by certain degree or angle till the user  104  gets the correct position under the assigned exercise in the mushin state. 
     Further, as shown, during the training, when the user  104  attains the mushin state with right body position and right position of the club  906  to hit the ball, the computing device  106  would instruct the user/golfer  104  to hold that right position for some specific duration of set time, say 4 sec or 5 sec, which may help the golfer  104  understand or realize the correct position that he achieves during the practice and help him utilize the same during actual sports. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11  illustrates an example computing environment adapted for implementation of the method and system adapted for determining the extent of concussion experienced by the user. As depicted in the  FIG. 11 , the computing environment  1102  comprises at least one processing unit  1106  that is equipped with a control unit  1104  and an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)  1108 , a memory  1112 , a storage unit  1114 , a plurality of networking devices  1116  and a plurality of input output ( 110 ) devices  1110 . The processing unit  1106  is responsible for processing the instructions of the schemes. The processing unit  1106  receives commands from the control unit  1104  in order to perform its processing. Further, any logical and arithmetic operations involved in the execution of the instructions are computed with the help of the ALU  1108 . 
     The overall computing environment  1102  can be composed of multiple homogeneous or heterogeneous cores, multiple CPUs of different kinds, special media and other accelerators. The processing unit  1106  is responsible for processing the instructions of the schemes. Further, the plurality of processing units  1106  may be located on a single chip or over multiple chips. 
     The scheme comprising of instructions and codes required for the implementation are stored in either the memory unit  1112  or the storage  1114  or both. At the time of execution, the instructions may be fetched from the corresponding memory  1112  or storage  1114 , and executed by the processing unit  1106 . 
     Further, storage  1114  may include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements may include magnetic hard discs, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories. In addition, the storage  1114  may, in some examples, be considered a non-transitory storage medium. The term “non-transitory” may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term “non-transitory” should not be interpreted that the storage  1114  is non-movable. In some examples, the storage  1114  can be configured to store larger amounts of information than the memory. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium may store data that can, over time, change (e.g., in Random Access Memory (RAM) or cache). 
     In case of any hardware implementations various networking devices  1116  or external I/O devices  1110  may be connected to the computing environment to support the implementation through the networking unit and the I/O device unit. 
     The embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented through at least one software program running on at least one hardware device and performing network management functions to control the elements. The elements shown in the  FIGS. 1 through 11  include blocks which can be at least one of a hardware device, or a combination of hardware device and software units. 
     The foregoing description of the specific embodiments fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.