Patent Publication Number: US-11659529-B2

Title: Delayed grant for wireless communication

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE 
     The present Application for Patent claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/924,570 by MEYLAN et al., entitled “DELAYED GRANT FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION,” filed Oct. 22, 2019, assigned to the assignee hereof, and expressly incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY 
     The following relates generally to wireless communications and more specifically to delayed grant for wireless communication. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple-access systems include fourth generation (4G) systems such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems, and fifth generation (5G) systems which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems. These systems may employ technologies such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), or discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple-access communications system may include one or more base stations or one or more network access nodes, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE). 
     A UE and a modem may be connected to a host, and the UE and modem may receive data transmissions from a base station. The UE and modem may transmit a response to the base station in designated resources based on a scheduling request (SR) transmitted to the base station. Significant latency may incur based on the delay between when the UE and modem have a response to transmit to the base station, and when the response is transmitted in allocated resources due to processing delays. 
     SUMMARY 
     The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses that support delayed grant for wireless communication. Generally, the described techniques provide for a user equipment (UE) to transmit a grant delay request to a base station. The grant delay request may indicate a future time for the base station to provide an uplink grant of resources to the UE. The base station may transmit, to the UE, the uplink grant immediately, or responsive to receiving the grant delay request, to allocate the resources at the indicated future time or a time after the future time based on the grant delay request. In some cases, the base station may transmit the uplink grant in a control channel that immediately precedes or is used to schedule a corresponding shared data channel in which the resources are allocated. The UE may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data, such as an acknowledgment (ACK) message, within the resources allocated to the UE by the uplink grant. In some examples, the UE may receive the grant when the UE predicts it will have uplink data available for transmission. Using the techniques described herein, the UE beneficially may reduce latency between uplink data is available for transmission and when the UE is able to transmit an uplink transmission. 
     A method of wireless communications by a UE is described. The method may include transmitting a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receiving an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmitting, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     An apparatus for wireless communications by a UE is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     Another apparatus for wireless communications by a UE is described. The apparatus may include means for transmitting a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receiving an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmitting, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the grant delay request that indicates a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that may be selected based on the requested resource allocation size. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a SR that includes the grant delay request. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the SR may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the SR during a next occurrence of a SR occasion. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the future time may be a defined number of slots after a slot in which the SR may be transmitted. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a buffer status report (BSR) that includes the grant delay request and a report of expected future data. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the BSR may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the BSR that includes a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that may be selected based on the requested resource allocation size. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the future time may be a defined number of slots after a slot in which the BSR may be transmitted. 
     Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a BSR configuration for requesting a delayed resource allocation, where the BSR may be transmitted based on the BSR configuration. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the future time may be indicated using a reference time. In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the reference time may correspond to a superframe number and a subframe number, or a frame number and a slot number. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the grant delay request before the uplink data may be available for transmission. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the grant delay request that includes a first scheduling request (SR) signature from a set of SR signatures, where each of the set of SR signatures corresponds to a different amount of time requested for the base station to delay providing the uplink grant. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first SR signature may be selected before the uplink data may be available for transmission. 
     Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a SR signature configuration that indicates the set of SR signatures and a respective grant delay corresponding to each of the set of SR signatures. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the SR signature configuration may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving control signaling that indicates the SR signature configuration. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, each of the set of SR signatures may be a different bit sequence of a set of bit sequences. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the uplink transmission may include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting the uplink transmission in a shared data channel based on the uplink grant. 
     A method of wireless communications by a base station is described. The method may include receiving, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmitting an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     An apparatus for wireless communications by a base station is described. The apparatus may include a processor, memory coupled with the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     Another apparatus for wireless communications by a base station is described. The apparatus may include means for receiving, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmitting an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communications by a base station is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the uplink grant indicates a grant of resource s corresponding to the future time indicated in the grant delay request. 
     Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving, from the UE, an uplink transmission including uplink data in a shared data channel based on the uplink grant. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the future time may be indicated using a reference time. In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the reference time may correspond to a superframe number and a subframe number, or a frame number and a slot number. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the grant delay request that indicates a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that may be selected based on the requested resource allocation size. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving a SR that includes the grant delay request; or, and receiving a BSR that includes the grant delay request and a report of expected future data. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the grant delay request before the uplink data may be available for transmission. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, receiving the grant delay request may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving the grant delay request that includes a first SR signature from a set of SR signatures, where each of the set of SR signatures corresponds to a different amount of time requested for the base station to delay providing the uplink grant. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, the first SR signature may be selected before the uplink data may be available for transmission. 
     Some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein may further include operations, features, means, or instructions for transmitting a SR signature configuration that indicates the set of SR signatures and a respective delay corresponding to each of the set of SR signatures. 
     In some examples of the method, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable medium described herein, transmitting the SR signature configuration may include operations, features, means, or instructions for receiving control signaling that indicates the SR signature configuration. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates an example of a wireless communications system that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an example of a process flow that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates an example of a process flow that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates an example of a process flow that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  6  and  7    show block diagrams of devices that support delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  9    shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  10  and  11    show block diagrams of devices that support delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  12    shows a block diagram of a communications manager that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  13    shows a diagram of a system including a device that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
         FIGS.  14  through  17    show flowcharts illustrating methods that support delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A user equipment (UE) may be connected to a host device in a wireless communication network. The UE may also include or be connected to a modem, and the UE and modem pair may communicate with a base station. The UE and modem pair may relay messages from a base station or other wireless device to the host device. For example, a base station may transmit data, such as transmission control protocol (TCP) data in a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) to the modem of the UE. The modem may transmit the received TCP data to the host device. The host device may process the data, and transmit an acknowledgment (ACK) or negative acknowledgment (NACK) to the modem of the UE indicating that whether TCP data is received and decoded correctly. The TCP ACK that the host device transmits to the UE and modem, and that the UE and modem transmit to the base station may be an example of causal machine response traffic. 
     Based on receiving an ACK from the host, the UE, via its modem, may transmit a scheduling request (SR) in a physical uplink shared channel (PUCCH) to the base station, in order to request uplink resources for the transmission of the ACK to the base station. In these cases, the UE may then wait for a grant from the base station indicating resource for the transmission of the ACK from the UE, and the UE may then transmit the ACK or other data received from the host to the base station. 
     However, in many cases, the transmission of the data from the UE to the host and the ACK/NACK response from the UE to the base station may be a part of communications that are associated with high reliability or low latency communications. Thus, the delay between reception of the ACK at the UE from the host and the transmission of the ACK by the UE to the base station may be undesirable and lead to excessive latency. The delay may be caused by processing delays at the host, the UE, and the base station, as well as delays at the UE in waiting for an SR occasion on which to transmit the request for resources for the ACK, the delay in waiting for the grant of uplink resources from the base station, and the delay until the UE may transmit on the granted resources. 
     In order to decrease the amount of delay in the system, the UE may utilize a predictive SR technique to lower latency. Based on prior communications, the UE may be able to predict when the UE may have uplink data available to transmit, and how much uplink data is available to transmit. This prediction may be based on transmissions between the UE, modem, and the host, and may be determined based on prior patterns of transmission from the host to the UE and from the UE to the base station. This may be applicable in cases of TCP communications, other machine-type communications, and other wireless communications. The predictive SR may include the UE transmitting an SR prior to receiving the ACK from the host. The SR transmitted by the UE may include a future time at which the UE desires to receive a grant from the base station, such that the grant from the base station may be received at a point when the UE has predictably received the ACK or other data from the host that is ready for uplink transmission by the modem of the UE to the base station. 
     Additionally, the UE may provide an indication of the requested grant delay by transmitting a future buffer status report (FBSR) to the base station as part of medium access control (MAC) layer communications. The UE may transmit the FBSR with the indication of the requested grant delay in cases where SR bits are limited. The UE may transmit the FBSR based on transmitted an SR for an uplink grant from the base station for the transmission of the FBSR. 
     The UE and modem may use predictive SR and the FBSR for the scheduling and transmission of other data apart from TCP ACK, as well as for other types of causal machine response traffic (e.g., user datagram protocol (UDP) traffic, internet control message protocol (ICMP) traffic, non-IP traffic). 
     Aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of wireless communications systems. Aspects of the disclosure are then described in the context of process flows. Aspects of the disclosure are further illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to delayed grant for wireless communication. 
       FIG.  1    illustrates an example of a wireless communications system  100  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system  100  may include one or more base stations  105 , one or more UEs  115 , and a core network  130 . In some examples, the wireless communications system  100  may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, or a New Radio (NR) network. In some examples, the wireless communications system  100  may support enhanced broadband communications, ultra-reliable (e.g., mission critical) communications, low latency communications, communications with low-cost and low-complexity devices, or any combination thereof. 
     The base stations  105  may be dispersed throughout a geographic area to form the wireless communications system  100  and may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. The base stations  105  and the UEs  115  may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links  125 . Each base station  105  may provide a coverage area  110  over which the UEs  115  and the base station  105  may establish one or more communication links  125 . The coverage area  110  may be an example of a geographic area over which a base station  105  and a UE  115  may support the communication of signals according to one or more radio access technologies. 
     The UEs  115  may be dispersed throughout a coverage area  110  of the wireless communications system  100 , and each UE  115  may be stationary, or mobile, or both at different times. The UEs  115  may be devices in different forms or having different capabilities. Some example UEs  115  are illustrated in  FIG.  1   . The UEs  115  described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs  115 , the base stations  105 , or network equipment (e.g., core network nodes, relay devices, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, or other network equipment), as shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The base stations  105  may communicate with the core network  130 , or with one another, or both. For example, the base stations  105  may interface with the core network  130  through one or more backhaul links  120  (e.g., via an S1, N2, N3, or other interface). The base stations  105  may communicate with one another over the backhaul links  120  (e.g., via an X2, Xn, or other interface) either directly (e.g., directly between base stations  105 ), or indirectly (e.g., via core network  130 ), or both. In some examples, the backhaul links  120  may be or include one or more wireless links. 
     One or more of the base stations  105  described herein may include or may be referred to by a person having ordinary skill in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point, a radio transceiver, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a next-generation NodeB or a giga-NodeB (either of which may be referred to as a gNB), a Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or other suitable terminology. 
     A UE  115  may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable terminology, where the “device” may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. A UE  115  may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, a UE  115  may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communications (MTC) device, among other examples, which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances, or vehicles, meters, among other examples. 
     The UEs  115  described herein may be able to communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs  115  that may sometimes act as relays as well as the base stations  105  and the network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, among other examples, as shown in  FIG.  1   . 
     The UEs  115  and the base stations  105  may wirelessly communicate with one another via one or more communication links  125  over one or more carriers. The term “carrier” may refer to a set of radio frequency spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting the communication links  125 . For example, a carrier used for a communication link  125  may include a portion of a radio frequency spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth part (BWP)) that is operated according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling that coordinates operation for the carrier, user data, or other signaling. The wireless communications system  100  may support communication with a UE  115  using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. A UE  115  may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers according to a carrier aggregation configuration. Carrier aggregation may be used with both frequency division duplexing (FDD) and time division duplexing (TDD) component carriers. 
     In some examples (e.g., in a carrier aggregation configuration), a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling that coordinates operations for other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an evolved universal mobile telecommunication system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute radio frequency channel number (EARFCN)) and may be positioned according to a channel raster for discovery by the UEs  115 . A carrier may be operated in a standalone mode where initial acquisition and connection may be conducted by the UEs  115  via the carrier, or the carrier may be operated in a non-standalone mode where a connection is anchored using a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different radio access technology). 
     The communication links  125  shown in the wireless communications system  100  may include uplink transmissions from a UE  115  to a base station  105 , or downlink transmissions from a base station  105  to a UE  115 . Carriers may carry downlink or uplink communications (e.g., in an FDD mode) or may be configured to carry downlink and uplink communications (e.g., in a TDD mode). 
     A carrier may be associated with a particular bandwidth of the radio frequency spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as a “system bandwidth” of the carrier or the wireless communications system  100 . For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a number of determined bandwidths for carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 40, or 80 megahertz (MHz)). Devices of the wireless communications system  100  (e.g., the base stations  105 , the UEs  115 , or both) may have hardware configurations that support communications over a particular carrier bandwidth or may be configurable to support communications over one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communications system  100  may include base stations  105  or UEs  115  that support simultaneous communications via carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE  115  may be configured for operating over portions (e.g., a sub-band, a BWP) or all of a carrier bandwidth. 
     Signal waveforms transmitted over a carrier may be made up of multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM techniques, a resource element may consist of one symbol period (e.g., a duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, where the symbol period and subcarrier spacing are inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the coding rate of the modulation scheme, or both). Thus, the more resource elements that a UE  115  receives and the higher the order of the modulation scheme, the higher the data rate may be for the UE  115 . A wireless communications resource may refer to a combination of a radio frequency spectrum resource, a time resource, and a spatial resource (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial layers may further increase the data rate or data integrity for communications with a UE  115 . 
     One or more numerologies for a carrier may be supported, where a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing (Δƒ) and a cyclic prefix. A carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different numerologies. In some examples, a UE  115  may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP for a carrier may be active at a given time and communications for the UE  115  may be restricted to one or more active BWPs. 
     The time intervals for the base stations  105  or the UEs  115  may be expressed in multiples of a basic time unit which may, for example, refer to a sampling period of T s =1/(Δƒ max ·N ƒ ) seconds, where Δƒ max  may represent the maximum supported subcarrier spacing, and N ƒ  may represent the maximum supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. Time intervals of a communications resource may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023). 
     Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or slots, and each subframe or slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of slots, and the number of slots may depend on subcarrier spacing. Each slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix prepended to each symbol period). In some wireless communications systems  100 , a slot may further be divided into multiple mini-slots containing one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may contain one or more (e.g., N ƒ ) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or frequency band of operation. 
     A subframe, a slot, a mini-slot, or a symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit (e.g., in the time domain) of the wireless communications system  100  and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communications system  100  may be dynamically selected (e.g., in bursts of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)). 
     Physical channels may be multiplexed on a carrier according to various techniques. A physical control channel and a physical data channel may be multiplexed on a downlink carrier, for example, using one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques. A control region (e.g., a control resource set (CORESET)) for a physical control channel may be defined by a number of symbol periods and may extend across the system bandwidth or a subset of the system bandwidth of the carrier. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESETs) may be configured for a set of the UEs  115 . For example, one or more of the UEs  115  may monitor or search control regions for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set may include one or multiple control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. An aggregation level for a control channel candidate may refer to a number of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with encoded information for a control information format having a given payload size. Search space sets may include common search space sets configured for sending control information to multiple UEs  115  and UE-specific search space sets for sending control information to a specific UE  115 . 
     Each base station  105  may provide communication coverage via one or more cells, for example a macro cell, a small cell, a hot spot, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof. The term “cell” may refer to a logical communication entity used for communication with a base station  105  (e.g., over a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier for distinguishing neighboring cells (e.g., a physical cell identifier (PCID), a virtual cell identifier (VCID), or others). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a geographic coverage area  110  or a portion of a geographic coverage area  110  (e.g., a sector) over which the logical communication entity operates. Such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., a structure, a subset of structure) to larger areas depending on various factors such as the capabilities of the base station  105 . For example, a cell may be or include a building, a subset of a building, or exterior spaces between or overlapping with geographic coverage areas  110 , among other examples. 
     A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by the UEs  115  with service subscriptions with the network provider supporting the macro cell. A small cell may be associated with a lower-powered base station  105 , as compared with a macro cell, and a small cell may operate in the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to the UEs  115  with service subscriptions with the network provider or may provide restricted access to the UEs  115  having an association with the small cell (e.g., the UEs  115  in a closed subscriber group (CSG), the UEs  115  associated with users in a home or office). A base station  105  may support one or multiple cells and may also support communications over the one or more cells using one or multiple component carriers. 
     In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells, and different cells may be configured according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access for different types of devices. 
     In some examples, a base station  105  may be movable and therefore provide communication coverage for a moving geographic coverage area  110 . In some examples, different geographic coverage areas  110  associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas  110  may be supported by the same base station  105 . In other examples, the overlapping geographic coverage areas  110  associated with different technologies may be supported by different base stations  105 . The wireless communications system  100  may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of the base stations  105  provide coverage for various geographic coverage areas  110  using the same or different radio access technologies. 
     The wireless communications system  100  may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations  105  may have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations  105  may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations  105  may have different frame timings, and transmissions from different base stations  105  may, in some examples, not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations. 
     Some UEs  115 , such as MTC or IoT devices, may be low cost or low complexity devices and may provide for automated communication between machines (e.g., via Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC may refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with one another or a base station  105  without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communications from devices that integrate sensors or meters to measure or capture information and relay such information to a central server or application program that makes use of the information or presents the information to humans interacting with the application program. Some UEs  115  may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geological event monitoring, fleet management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based business charging. 
     Some UEs  115  may be configured to employ operating modes that reduce power consumption, such as half-duplex communications (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception, but not transmission and reception simultaneously). In some examples, half-duplex communications may be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power conservation techniques for the UEs  115  include entering a power saving deep sleep mode when not engaging in active communications, operating over a limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communications), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs  115  may be configured for operation using a narrowband protocol type that is associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard-band of a carrier, or outside of a carrier. 
     The wireless communications system  100  may be configured to support ultra-reliable communications or low-latency communications, or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communications system  100  may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) or mission critical communications. The UEs  115  may be designed to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, or critical functions (e.g., mission critical functions). Ultra-reliable communications may include private communication or group communication and may be supported by one or more mission critical services such as mission critical push-to-talk (MCPTT), mission critical video (MCVideo), or mission critical data (MCData). Support for mission critical functions may include prioritization of services, and mission critical services may be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms ultra-reliable, low-latency, mission critical, and ultra-reliable low-latency may be used interchangeably herein. 
     In some examples, a UE  115  may also be able to communicate directly with other UEs  115  over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link  135  (e.g., using a peer-to-peer (P2P) or D2D protocol). One or more UEs  115  utilizing D2D communications may be within the geographic coverage area  110  of a base station  105 . Other UEs  115  in such a group may be outside the geographic coverage area  110  of a base station  105  or be otherwise unable to receive transmissions from a base station  105 . In some examples, groups of the UEs  115  communicating via D2D communications may utilize a one-to-many (1:M) system in which each UE  115  transmits to every other UE  115  in the group. In some examples, a base station  105  facilitates the scheduling of resources for D2D communications. In other cases, D2D communications are carried out between the UEs  115  without the involvement of a base station  105 . 
     In some systems, the D2D communication link  135  may be an example of a communication channel, such as a sidelink communication channel, between vehicles (e.g., UEs  115 ). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications, or some combination of these. A vehicle may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to a V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure, such as roadside units, or with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., base stations  105 ) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communications, or with both. 
     The core network  130  may provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network  130  may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a Packet Data Network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management for the UEs  115  served by the base stations  105  associated with the core network  130 . User IP packets may be transferred through the user plane entity, which may provide IP address allocation as well as other functions. The user plane entity may be connected to the network operators IP services  150 . The operators IP services  150  may include access to the Internet, Intranet(s), an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or a Packet-Switched Streaming Service. 
     Some of the network devices, such as a base station  105 , may include subcomponents such as an access network entity  140 , which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). Each access network entity  140  may communicate with the UEs  115  through one or more other access network transmission entities  145 , which may be referred to as radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission/reception points (TRPs). Each access network transmission entity  145  may include one or more antenna panels. In some configurations, various functions of each access network entity  140  or base station  105  may be distributed across various network devices (e.g., radio heads and ANCs) or consolidated into a single network device (e.g., a base station  105 ). 
     The wireless communications system  100  may operate using one or more frequency bands, typically in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or decimeter band because the wavelengths range from approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. The UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features, but the waves may penetrate structures sufficiently for a macro cell to provide service to the UEs  115  located indoors. The transmission of UHF waves may be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers) compared to transmission using the smaller frequencies and longer waves of the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portion of the spectrum below 300 MHz. 
     The wireless communications system  100  may also operate in a super high frequency (SHF) region using frequency bands from 3 GHz to 30 GHz, also known as the centimeter band, or in an extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., from 30 GHz to 300 GHz), also known as the millimeter band. In some examples, the wireless communications system  100  may support millimeter wave (mmW) communications between the UEs  115  and the base stations  105 , and EHF antennas of the respective devices may be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, this may facilitate use of antenna arrays within a device. The propagation of EHF transmissions, however, may be subject to even greater atmospheric attenuation and shorter range than SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions that use one or more different frequency regions, and designated use of bands across these frequency regions may differ by country or regulating body. 
     The wireless communications system  100  may utilize both licensed and unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communications system  100  may employ License Assisted Access (LAA), LTE-Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology in an unlicensed band such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. When operating in unlicensed radio frequency spectrum bands, devices such as the base stations  105  and the UEs  115  may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operations in unlicensed bands may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration in conjunction with component carriers operating in a licensed band (e.g., LAA). Operations in unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, P2P transmissions, or D2D transmissions, among other examples. 
     A base station  105  or a UE  115  may be equipped with multiple antennas, which may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communications, or beamforming. The antennas of a base station  105  or a UE  115  may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operations or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly, such as an antenna tower. In some examples, antennas or antenna arrays associated with a base station  105  may be located in diverse geographic locations. A base station  105  may have an antenna array with a number of rows and columns of antenna ports that the base station  105  may use to support beamforming of communications with a UE  115 . Likewise, a UE  115  may have one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, an antenna panel may support radio frequency beamforming for a signal transmitted via an antenna port. 
     The base stations  105  or the UEs  115  may use MIMO communications to exploit multipath signal propagation and increase the spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may, for example, be transmitted by the transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Likewise, the multiple signals may be received by the receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry bits associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device, and multiple-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices. 
     Beamforming, which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception, is a signal processing technique that may be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., a base station  105 , a UE  115 ) to shape or steer an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming may be achieved by combining the signals communicated via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating at particular orientations with respect to an antenna array experience constructive interference while others experience destructive interference. The adjustment of signals communicated via the antenna elements may include a transmitting device or a receiving device applying amplitude offsets, phase offsets, or both to signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of the antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a particular orientation (e.g., with respect to the antenna array of the transmitting device or receiving device, or with respect to some other orientation). 
     A base station  105  or a UE  115  may use beam sweeping techniques as part of beam forming operations. For example, a base station  105  may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to conduct beamforming operations for directional communications with a UE  115 . Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted by a base station  105  multiple times in different directions. For example, the base station  105  may transmit a signal according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different directions of transmission. Transmissions in different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device, such as a base station  105 , or by a receiving device, such as a UE  115 ) a beam direction for later transmission or reception by the base station  105 . 
     Some signals, such as data signals associated with a particular receiving device, may be transmitted by a base station  105  in a single beam direction (e.g., a direction associated with the receiving device, such as a UE  115 ). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmissions along a single beam direction may be determined based on a signal that was transmitted in one or more beam directions. For example, a UE  115  may receive one or more of the signals transmitted by the base station  105  in different directions and may report to the base station  105  an indication of the signal that the UE  115  received with a highest signal quality or an otherwise acceptable signal quality. 
     In some examples, transmissions by a device (e.g., by a base station  105  or a UE  115 ) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital precoding or radio frequency beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from a base station  105  to a UE  115 ). The UE  115  may report feedback that indicates precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback may correspond to a configured number of beams across a system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. The base station  105  may transmit a reference signal (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which may be precoded or unprecoded. The UE  115  may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., a multi-panel type codebook, a linear combination type codebook, a port selection type codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted in one or more directions by a base station  105 , a UE  115  may employ similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying a beam direction for subsequent transmission or reception by the UE  115 ) or for transmitting a signal in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device). 
     A receiving device (e.g., a UE  115 ) may try multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals from the base station  105 , such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals. For example, a receiving device may try multiple receive directions by receiving via different antenna subarrays, by processing received signals according to different antenna subarrays, by receiving according to different receive beamforming weight sets (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or by processing received signals according to different receive beamforming weight sets applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, any of which may be referred to as “listening” according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, a receiving device may use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration may be aligned in a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have a highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or otherwise acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions). 
     The wireless communications system  100  may be a packet-based network that operates according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communications at the bearer or Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer may be IP-based. A Radio Link Control (RLC) layer may perform packet segmentation and reassembly to communicate over logical channels. A MAC layer may perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer may also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmissions at the MAC layer to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) protocol layer may provide establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection between a UE  115  and a base station  105  or a core network  130  supporting radio bearers for user plane data. At the physical layer, transport channels may be mapped to physical channels. 
     The UEs  115  and the base stations  105  may support retransmissions of data to increase the likelihood that data is received successfully. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is one technique for increasing the likelihood that data is received correctly over a communication link  125 . HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using a cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ may improve throughput at the MAC layer in poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise conditions). In some examples, a device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, where the device may provide HARQ feedback in a specific slot for data received in a previous symbol in the slot. In other cases, the device may provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot, or according to some other time interval. 
     In order to decrease the amount of delay in the system, the UE  115  may utilize a predictive SR technique to lower latency. Based on prior communications, the UE  115  may be able to predict when the UE  115  may have uplink data available to transmit, and how much uplink data is available to transmit. This prediction may be based on transmissions between the UE  115 , a modem of the UE  115 , and a host that is internal or external to the UE  115 , and may be determined based on prior patterns of transmission from the host to the UE  115  and from the UE  115  to the base station  105 . This may be applicable in cases of TCP communications, other machine-type communications, and other wireless communications. The predictive SR technique may include the UE  115  transmitting an SR prior to receiving the ACK from the host. The SR transmitted by the UE  115  may include a future time at which the UE  115  desires to receive a grant from the base station  105 , such that the grant from the base station may be received at a point when the UE has predictably received the ACK or other data from the host that is ready for uplink transmission by the modem of the UE  115  to the base station  105 . 
       FIG.  2    illustrates an example of a wireless communications system  200  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, wireless communications system  200  may implement aspects of wireless communication system  100 . UEs  115 - a  and  115 - b  may communicate with base station  105 - a  over communications links  215 - a  and  215 - b , respectively. UEs  115  may communicate for modems  205  and hosts  210  in various configuration. In one example configuration, UE  115 - a  may include a modem  205 - a  and a host  210 - a . Modem  205 - a  and host  210 - a  may be connected via a connection link  230 - a . In another example configuration, UE  115 - b  may include modem  205 - b  which may be connected to an external host  210 - b  via connection link  230 - b . UEs  115 - a  and  115 - b  may include other components not indicated in wireless communication system  200  and described elsewhere herein. 
     UE  115 - a  and modem  205 - a  may receive TCP data or other data from base station  105 - a  in a PDSCH over communication link  215 - a . UE  115 - a  and modem  205 - a  may relay the TCP data to host  210 - a  over connection link  230 - a . Host  210 - a  may process the data, and may transmit an ACK to the modem  205 - a  and UE  115 - a.    
     Base station  105 - a  may configure UE  115 - a  with a set of one or more SR occasions that may occur periodically, semi-statically, or aperiodically. UE  115 - a  may transmit a SR in a particular SR occasion (e.g., next occurring SR occasion) when UE  115 - a  has uplink data to transmit to base station  105 - a . UE  115 - a  may transmit an SR to request a downlink grant from base station  105 - a  allocating resources for an uplink transmission from UE  115 - a.    
     In some cases, UE  115 - a  may receive an ACK or other uplink data from host  210 - a , and may wait for a SR occasion on which to transmit an SR to base station  105 - a . In these cases, UE  115 - a  may transmit the SR to base station  105 - a , and base station  105 - a  may process the SR, and respond to the SR by transmitting an uplink grant  225  to UE  115 - a  indicating future uplink resources that UE  115 - a  may use for an uplink transmission. UE  115 - a  may then transmit uplink data, such as the ACK or other data received from host  210 - a , via the uplink resources to base station  105 - a . In some cases, there may be an extensive delay between the time that UE  115 - a  receives the ACK from host  210 - a  and the time that UE  115 - a  transmits the uplink data (e.g., the ACK) to base station  105 - a.    
     In order to decrease the latency and improve efficiency, UE  115 - a  may indicate a future time when an uplink grant is requested. In this case, the UE  115 - a  may transmit a grant delay request  220  as part of an SR to base station  105 - a . The grant delay request  220  and SR may be transmitted by UE  115 - a  to base station  105 - a  before UE  115 - a  receives uplink data (e.g., an ACK) from host  210 - a  for uplink transmission to the base station  105 - a . For example, UE  115 - a  may use an SR to request an uplink grant at a future time when uplink data that is predicted to arrive at UE  115 - a  for transmission to the base station  105 - a , even before uplink data arrives at the UE  115 - a  and/or its modem. UE  115 - a  may transmit grant delay request  220  based on a predicted arrival time of the uplink data from host  210 - a.    
     The SR transmitted by UE  115 - a  may indicate a future time, which may be based on a reference time indicated by the time that the SR is transmitted, and an additional time that is also indicated in the SR. For example, UE  115 - a  may indicate a number of time intervals, superframes, subframes, slots, or the like, that have elapsed since the reference time. The future time may be indicated as a fraction of the SR interval in cases where the SR occasion interval is periodically scheduled by base station  105 - a . For example, UE  115 - a  may transmit an SR that indicates a future time of one-quarter of the SR interval, one-half of the SR interval, three-quarters of the SR interval, and other fractions indicating a time before the next SR occasion or a time after the next SR occasion. 
     The base station  105 - a  may receive grant delay request  220  indicating the future time at which an uplink grant is requested, and may transmit uplink grant  225  at a delayed time based on the future time indicated in the grant delay request  220 . In some examples, the base station  105 - a  may transmit the uplink grant  225  at a time relatively close to the future time indicated by the UE  115 - a  that provides an allocation of resources to the UE  115 - a  at or after the future time indicated in the grant delay request  220 . For example, base station  105 - a  may transmit the uplink grant  225  in a control channel (e.g., PDCCH) that is used to send control information for scheduling a data channel (e.g., a PDSCH within a same slot, frame, superframe, as the PDCCH). The allocated resources may be time and frequency resources, such as one or more resource elements, one or more resource blocks, one or more symbol periods, or the like, or any combination thereof. Thus, UE  115 - a  may indicate a grant delay request  220  such that the uplink grant  225  may be received from base station  105 - a  at a future time so that UE  115 - a  may be able to transmit more uplink data (e.g., ACK) to base station  105 - a  in a shorter amount of time after when the uplink data is received (e.g., from the host  210 - a ). In some cases, the UE  115 - a  may transmit the uplink transmission of TCP data or other data in a shared channel (e.g., a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) based on the uplink grant  225  received from base station  105 - a . In some examples, the uplink grant  225  may be transmitted immediately or shortly after the grant delay request  220  is received, and the grant  225  may provide an allocation of resources to the UE  115 - a  at or after the future time indicated in the grant delay request  220 . 
     UE  115 - a  may transmit the SR to indicate a future time at which an uplink grant is desired based on a prediction of when uplink data, such as an ACK, will be received from host  210 - a . In some cases, the predicted arrival time of uplink data may be based on previous communications with host  210 - a . The prediction and corresponding grant delay request may also be based on the time that the TCP data is transmitted from UE  115 - a  to host  210 - a.    
     Thus, UE  115 - a  may accommodate data arriving from host  210 - a  at a time after a scheduled grant time from base station  105 - a . Base station  105 - a  may also increase the frequency of SR occasions, which may increase uplink overhead. 
     The functionality of the grant delay may be realized at the MAC layer. In some cases, there may be a limited number of SR bits available to UE  115 - a  for transmission of the SR, and UE  115 - a  may not be able to include a grant delay request  220  in the SR. The UE  115 - a  may still predict future data arrival of uplink data from host  210 - a , and may transmit a SR before receiving the uplink data. In some examples, UE  115 - a  may transmit an indication of a future buffer status report (FBSR) to base station  105 - a . The FBSR may include an indication of a grant delay request  220  that indicates a future time at which an uplink grant is requested as well as a predicted amount of data per logical channel. The base station  105 - a  may receive the FBSR, and may delay transmitting uplink grant  225  based on the future time indicated in the FBSR. UE  115 - a  may include an indication of the amount of data in an uplink transmit buffer in the FBSR, and UE  115 - a  may also indicate the future time that UE  115 - a  is requesting to receive the uplink grant  225 . In some examples, the base station  105 - a  may transmit an FBSR configuration. That is, the base station  105 - a  may configure the UE  115 - a  to transmit the FBSR requesting a delayed resource allocation. 
     In some examples to reduce uplink transmission latency, UE  115 - a  may transmit multiple SRs (e.g., at up to each SR occasion) indicating more data than UE  115 - a  has predicted that it will have available to transmit to base station  105 - a , and UE  115 - a  may receive uplink grants  225  for each SR. The UE  115 - a  may transmit padding or may skip some of the uplink grants  225  (e.g., when the UE  115 - a  does not have uplink data to transmit in resources allocated by a particular uplink grant  225 ). When uplink data is available for transmission, UE  115 - a  may use the resources indicated in an uplink grant  225  that is most recently received after uplink data becomes available for transmission in order to transmit the uplink data (e.g., ACK) to base station  105 - a  over communication link  215 - a.    
     UE  115 - b  may perform similar predictive SR or FBSR techniques as UE  115 - a . UE  115 - b  may communicate via modem  205 - b  to host  210 - b , which may be external to UE  115 - b . Communication with the external host  210 - b  may in some cases incur further processing delay, which may delay when UE  115 - b  receive an ACK or other uplink data from host  210 - b . UE  115 - b  may transmit a grant delay request  220  to base station  105 - a  over communication link  215 - b  (either in a SR or in the FBSR of the MAC layer) that indicates a future time at which an uplink grant  225  is requested that accounts for the additional delay, and the base station  105 - a  may transmit uplink grant  225  to UE  115 - b  over communication link  215 - b  in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in accordance with the indicated future time, so that UE  115 - b  may transmit the ACK or other uplink data from host  210 - b  shortly after the ACK or other uplink data is available for uplink transmission. 
     The future time may be indicated using a reference time (e.g., absolute radio reference time). The reference time may correspond to a superframe number and a subframe number (e.g., in the case of LTE operations) or a frame number and a slot number (e.g., in the case of NR operations). For example, either or both of UEs  115 - a  and  115 - b  may indicate a number of time intervals, superframes, subframes, slots, or the like, that have elapsed since the reference time. The future time may be a defined number of slots after a slot in which the FBSR or SR is transmitted. 
     Base station  105 - a  may configure UEs  115 - a  and  115 - b  with a set of signatures. UE  115 - a  may receive a SR configuration that indicates the set of SR signatures and a respective grant delay distinct to each SR signatures of the set of SR signatures. Each SR signature may be a different bit sequence of a set of bit sequences. Each signature may correspond to a different future time at which the UE  115  desires to receive an uplink grant from base station  105 - a  with respect to the time of the SR occasion. Each signature configured by base station  105 - a  may be associated with a delay corresponding to the requested time between transmission of the SR and the reception of the uplink grant from the base station  105 . UE  115 - a  may receive control signaling that may indicate the SR signature configuration. The signatures may be configured in control signaling via RRC, indicated by MAC CE, or may be controlled by the UE  115 . UE  115 - a  may, for example, select one signature of a set of configured signatures based on the time delay requested by UE  115 - a.    
     UE  115 - a  may transmit grant delay request  220  including a first SR signature from a set of SR signatures, where each of the set of SR signatures may correspond to a different amount of time requested for base station  105 - a  to delay providing the uplink grant. For example, UE  115 - a  may select a particular signature of the set of signatures, based on, for example, a predicted arrival time of uplink data for transmission to base station  105 - a . UE  115 - a  may transmit communications or SR transmissions including the signature. Distinct SR signatures may be used when there are sufficient SR resources to accommodate a set of distinct signatures. The signatures may in some cases use a defined number of bits to provide a desired number of distinct signatures to with a desired granularity of the desired delay in the requested grant. 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an example of a process flow  300  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow  300  may implement aspects of wireless communication systems  100  and  200 . UE  115 - c  may communicate with host  210 - c . host  210 - c  may be included within UE  115 - c  or may be an external component. UE  115 - c  may also communicate with base station  105 - b . Base station  105 - b  may be an example of base station  105  as described with respect to  FIG.  1  or  2   . UE  115 - c  may be an example of a UE  115  as described with respect to  FIG.  1  or  2   . Host  210 - c  may be an example of host  210 - a  or  210 - b  as described with respect to  FIG.  2   . Process flow  300  may represent a general communication flow between base station  105 - b , UE  115 - c , and host  210 - c , and may be an example of transmissions by UE  115 - c  without predictive SR. 
     At  310 , base station  105 - b  may transmit data to UE  115 - c  via its modem. For example, base station  105 - b  may transmit TCP data in a PDSCH to UE  115 - c . A modem of UE  115 - c  may then transmit the data (e.g., the TCP data/PDSCH information) to host  210 - c . Host  210 - c  may process the data received from UE  115 - c , which may result in first delay  305 - a.    
     After processing, host  210 - c  may transmit an ACK, such as a TCP ACK, to a modem of UE  115 - c , indicating that host  210 - c  successfully received and decoded that data received from UE  115 - c . In some cases, host  210 - c  may transmit a NACK indicating that the data was not successfully received or decoded. In some cases, the modem may receive the uplink data from host  210 - c  after uplink resources scheduled by a prior uplink grant have passed. 
     Based on receiving the ACK from host  210 - c , UE  115 - c  may transmit a SR to base station  105 - b . The SR may indicate that UE  115 - c  has data in an uplink transmission buffer available for transmission. UE  115 - c  may wait until a next SR occasion occurs to transmit a SR, which may lead to a second delay  305 - b . Once the SR occasion occurs, UE  115 - c  may transmit a SR within the SR occasion to base station  105 - b  in a PUCCH after delay  305 - b . Base station  105 - b  may receive the SR, process the SR, and then transmit a grant in response, each of which may incur a third delay  305 - c.    
     After third delay  305 - c , at  330  base station  105 - b  may transmit an uplink grant to UE  115 - c  in a PDCCH. The uplink grant may indicate resources designated for UE  115 - c  to use to transmit the ACK from host  210 - c  or other uplink data. At  335 , UE  115 - c  may utilize the resources indicated in the uplink grant to transmit TCP ACK in PUSCH resources. 
     Thus, there may be a delay  305 - d  from when UE  115 - c  receives the TCP ACK from host  210 - c  at  320  and when UE  115 - c  transmits the TCP ACK at  335 . In accordance with the techniques described herein, this delay may be reduced by strategically transmitting delay grant requests to indicate a future time at which an uplink grant is desired prior to the UE  115 - c  receiving the TCP ACK from host  210 - c  for uplink transmission. The UE  115 - c  may predict when future data is likely to be received from host  210 - c  for uplink transmission to base station  105 - b  to determine the future time at which the uplink grant is requested. Further, in some cases, UE  115 - c  may transmit PUCCH SR  325 - b  to base station  105 - a  before receiving the ACK data at  320 - b . UE  115 - c  may receive the ACK data from host  210 - c  and may also receive an uplink grant from base station  105 - b  at  330 - b . The transmission of the PUCCH SR  325 - b  may allow UE  115 - c  to transmit ACK data  320 - b  in the resources granted in uplink grant  330 - b  in cases where the TCP ACK  320 - b  is received from host  210 - a  at particular times and in windows that line up with other scheduled uplink communications. For example, the modem of UE  115 - c  may receive the TCP ACK data  320 - b  after transmission of the PUCCH SR at  325 - b . The UE  115 - c  may use the resources allocated by the uplink grant  330 - b  to also send the TCP ACK data  320 - b . Hence, the UE  115 - c  may piggyback transmission of the TCP ACK data  320 - b  on resources scheduled for other transmissions due to the TCP ACK data  320 - b  being available in a transmission buffer when the scheduled resources occur. UE  115 - c  may then transmit the TCP ACK/PUSCH at  335 - b . However, such piggybacking scenarios are infrequent and conventional SR signaling techniques result in latency in which a UE  115 - c  waits for transmission of TCP ACK data  320 - b  that is stored in a transmission buffer and available for transmission. To resolve such latency issues, future data prediction and delayed grant requests as described herein may be used by UE  115 - c  to efficiently utilize resources and reliably transmit data from host  210 - c  to base station  105 - b  according to latency requirements and other system requirements. 
       FIG.  4    illustrates an example of a process flow  400  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow  400  may implement aspects of wireless communication systems  100  and  200 . UE  115 - d  may communicate with host  210 - d . Host  210 - d  may be included within UE  115 - d  or may be an external component. UE  115 - d  may also communicate with base station  105 - c . Base station  105 - c  may be an example of base station  105  as described with respect to  FIG.  1 ,  2   , or  3 . UE  115 - d  may be an example of a UE  115  as described with respect to  FIG.  1 ,  2   , or  3 . Host  210 - d  may be an example of host  210 - a ,  210 - b , or  210 - c  as described with respect to  FIGS.  2  and  3   . Process flow  400  may illustrate an example of predictive SR including UE  115 - d  transmitting a SR with a requested delay. 
     As described with respect to process flow  300 , UE  115 - c  may receive TCP data (or other data traffic) in a PDSCH from base station  105 - c  at  410 . At  415 , UE  115 - d  may transmit the TCP data and other PDSCH data to host  210 - d . Host  210 - d  may process the data, leading to processing delay  405 - a . However, UE  115 - d  may also transmit PUCCH SR at  420  to base station  105 - c . The SR may be transmitted based on prior predictions of when UE  115 - d  may receive uplink data from host  210 - d  in a causal response to  415 . The SR may be used to request an uplink grant for data that UE  115 - d  expects to receive, but that has not yet arrived from host  210 - c . The SR transmitted at  420  may include an indication of a future time at which an uplink grant is requested. In some cases, UE  115 - d  may transmit the SR based on a signature selected by UE  115 - d . The signature selected may be based on the expected time that UE  115 - d  expects to receive uplink data from host  210 - d . In these cases, the signature may indicate to base station  105 - c  the time that UE  115 - d  requests the grant for. 
     UE  115 - c  may transmit the PUCCH SR at  420 , including a grant delay request. The PUCCH SR may be transmitted during a configured SR occasion. The PUCCH SR may include an indication of future time which may be based on the end of delay  405 - b . The PUCCH SR may be an example of a grant delay request that indicates a future time for base station  105 - c  to provide an uplink grant to UE  115 - d . The grant delay request may indicate a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant may indicate a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. Base station  105 - c  may receive the SR, and may delay the transmission of the grant until after the delay  405 - b  has passed based on the future time indicated in the SR. Base station  105 - c  may then transmit the delayed PDCCH with the uplink grant at  430 . UE  115 - d  may receive the uplink grant from base station  105 - c , and the uplink grant may allocate uplink resource for uplink data transmission by UE  115 - d  at the time indicated in the grant delay request transmitted by UE  115 - d  at  420 . 
     The UE  115 - d  may receive the PDCCH indicating an uplink grant for UE  115 - d  to transmit the uplink data (e.g., a TCP ACK). The resources indicated in the uplink grant may correspond to a time closer to when the UE  115 - d  predicts it will receive the TCP ACK (or other uplink data) at  425  from host  210 - d . In some cases, the grant at  420  may be received prior to, as the same time as, or after, receipt of the uplink data at  425  for uplink transmission. UE  115 - d  may receive the TCP ACK at  425  and receive the PDCCH with the uplink grant at  430 . In some examples, the grant may include an indication of a delayed resource allocation and the base station  105 - c  may transmit the grant on the same or adjacent PDCCH slot as the transmitted PUCCH SR. In some examples, the base station  105 - c  may delay transmission of the grant until closer to the indicated future time (e.g., transmit the grant closer to the future time in a PDCCH adjacent to a PUSCH in a same slot, subframe, or superframe, corresponding to the future time, in which the UE  115 - d  is allocated PUSCH resources by the grant in the PDCCH). UE  115 - d  may transmit, to base station  105 - c , an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the resources indicated in uplink grant. For example, UE  115 - d  may transmit the TCP ACK in the PUSCH at  435  after receiving uplink grant at  430 . UE  115 - d  may therefore not have to wait until after receiving TCP ACK at  425  to transmit the SR to base station  105 - c . In this case, UE  115 - c  would also not need to wait until the PUCCH SR resource at  440  to transmit the SR to base station  105 - c , which may result in a longer delay and increased latency. 
     Using the techniques described herein, a delay  405 - c  between when UE  115 - c  receives the TCP ACK at  425  and when UE  115 - c  transmits the TCP ACK at  435  to base station  105 - c  is much shorter than delay  305 - d  as shown and discussed in reference to process flow  300  without predictive SR transmissions. The transmission of the PUCCH SR at  420  without first storing data in a buffer may therefore decrease latency and improve reliability for communications between base station  105 - c , UE  115 - d , and host  210 - d , for different communication applications. 
       FIG.  5    illustrates an example of a process flow  500  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, process flow  500  may implement aspects of wireless communication systems  100  and  200 . UE  115 - e  may communicate with host  210 - e . Host  210 - e  may be included within UE  115 - e  or may be an external component. UE  115 - e  may also communicate with base station  105 - d . Base station  105 - d  may be an example of base station  105  as described with respect to  FIG.  1 ,  2 ,  3   , or  4 . UE  115 - e  may be an example of a UE  115  as described with respect to  FIG.  1 ,  2 ,  3   , or  4 . Host  210 - e  may be an example of host  210 - a ,  210 - b ,  210 - c , or  210 - d  as described with respect to  FIGS.  2 ,  3 , and  4   . Process flow  500  may illustrate an example of indicating a requested delay in a BSR. 
     As described with respect to process flows  300  and  400 , UE  115 - e  may receive TCP data (or other data) from base station  105 - d  at  510 . UE  115 - e  may then transmit the TCP data to host  210 - e . Host  210 - e  may receive the data and may process the data, which may cause delay  505 - a.    
     At  520 , UE  115 - e  may transmit a PUCCH SR. This first PUCCH SR may request a grant which may be used for the transmission of a FBSR, rather than for the transmission of data received from host  210 - e . In some cases, resources available for SR transmissions (e.g., bits available SR transmitted at  520 ) may be limited, such that a particular number of bits may be used by UE  115 - e  to transmit the SR. In some examples, UE  115 - e  may transmit PUCCH SR at  520  requesting a grant in order to send a FBSR. The FBSR may be a part of a MAC BSR that is enhanced to include an indication of future expected buffer status. This expected future status may include UE  115 - e  expecting to receive TCP ACK or other data, such as machine response data, from host  210 - e  at  535  and a future time at which an uplink grant is requested. 
     At  525 , base station  105 - d  may transmit a PDCCH with an uplink grant that allocates resources (e.g., a relatively small resource allocation), which may indicate resources for UE  115 - e  to use for an uplink transmission of the FBSR. At  530 , UE  115 - e  may optionally transmit uplink data and may not optionally transmit the FBSR in a PUSCH. The FBSR may include a grant delay request and a report of expected future data volume. The FBSR may include an indication of a future time at which an uplink grant is requested, either implicitly or explicitly. The FBSR may include an indication of the size of the buffer. The size of the buffer may indicate the amount of data stored in the buffer that UE  115 - e  has available for uplink transmission to base station  105 - d . The size of the buffer may indicate to base station  105 - d  how much uplink data may be transmitted by UE  115 - e , and thus may indicate a requested amount of resources to be allocated by the uplink grant. The amount of uplink data may be the amount of data that UE  115 - e  expects to receive from host  210 - e  at a later time. In the case of the FBSR grant delay, UE  115 - e  may request a particular future time for with the allocation of an uplink grant, rather than requesting a delay time for the granted uplink resources. Base station  105 - d  may receive the FBSR and the explicit or implicit indication of the grant delay request, and base station  105 - c  may wait for delay  505 - b  before transmitting the delayed PDCCH with the grant at  540  or base station  105 - d  may transmit a PDCCH that delays a grant for a PUSCH. The FBSR may include a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant may indicate a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. In some cases, the grant  540  may be received prior to, as the same time as, or after, receipt of the uplink data at  535  for uplink transmission. 
     UE  115 - e  may receive TCP ACK at  535  from host  210 - e , and may receive the delayed PDCCH with the uplink grant at  540  from base station  105 - d . UE  115 - c  may then transmit the TCP ACK at  545  to base station  105 - d  using the resources indicated in the grant. Thus, UE  115 - e  may complete the transmission of the TCP ACK to base station  105 - d  before (e.g., well before) the next PUCCH SR occasion at  550 . Therefore, UE  115 - e  may receive the TCP ACK at  535  and transmit the TCP ACK at  545  to base station  105 - d  with a delay  505 - c , rather than waiting for PUCCH SR occasion  550  to request a grant from base station  105 - d  to transmit the TCP ACK. Thus, delay  505 - c  may be less than a typical delay, such as delay  305 - d  as shown in process flow  300 . 
       FIG.  6    shows a block diagram  600  of a device  605  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  605  may be an example of aspects of a UE  115  as described herein. The device  605  may include a receiver  610 , a communications manager  615 , and a transmitter  620 . The device  605  may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The receiver  610  may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to delayed grant for wireless communication, etc.). Information may be passed on to other components of the device  605 . The receiver  610  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  920  described with reference to  FIG.  9   . The receiver  610  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     The communications manager  615  may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the uplink grant. The communications manager  615  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  910  described herein. 
     The communications manager  615 , or its sub-components, may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager  615 , or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure. 
     The communications manager  615 , or its sub-components, may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, the communications manager  615 , or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager  615 , or its sub-components, may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     The transmitter  620  may transmit signals generated by other components of the device  605 . In some examples, the transmitter  620  may be collocated with a receiver  610  in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter  620  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  920  described with reference to  FIG.  9   . The transmitter  620  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     In some examples, the communications manager  615  described herein may be implemented as a chipset of a wireless modem, and the receiver  610  and the transmitter  620  may be implemented as sets of analog components (e.g., amplifiers, filters, phase shifters, antennas, etc.) The wireless modem may obtain and decode signals from the receiver  610  over a receive interface, and may output signals for transmission to the transmitter  620  over a transmit interface. 
     The actions performed by the communications manager  615  as described herein may be implemented to realize one or more potential advantages. One implementation may allow a UE  115  to save power and increase battery life by increasing resource usage efficiency and decreasing delay time between transmissions. Communications manager  615  may operate by transmitting grant delay requests, which may decrease length of wait times at a UE  115  and therefore improve efficiency. 
       FIG.  7    shows a block diagram  700  of a device  705  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  705  may be an example of aspects of a device  605 , or a UE  115  as described herein. The device  705  may include a receiver  710 , a communications manager  715 , and a transmitter  735 . The device  705  may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The receiver  710  may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to delayed grant for wireless communication, etc.). Information may be passed on to other components of the device  705 . The receiver  710  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  920  described with reference to  FIG.  9   . The receiver  710  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     The communications manager  715  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  615  as described herein. The communications manager  715  may include a delay request component  720 , a grant component  725 , and an uplink component  730 . The communications manager  715  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  910  described herein. 
     The delay request component  720  may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. The grant component  725  may receive an uplink grant from the base station based on the grant delay request. The uplink component  730  may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     The transmitter  735  may transmit signals generated by other components of the device  705 . In some examples, the transmitter  735  may be collocated with a receiver  710  in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter  735  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  920  described with reference to  FIG.  9   . The transmitter  735  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     A processor of a UE  115  (e.g., controlling the receiver  710 , the transmitter  735 , or a transceiver  920 ) may efficiently transmit a grant delay request, which may be processed by a base station  105 . The process of the UE  115  may receive, via receiver  710 , an uplink grant from a base station  105 . The operations of the processor may improve efficiency of a UE  115  and decrease wait times and times where a UE  115  is not operating productively to communicate with a base station  105  or a host  210 . The processor of the UE may also increase the amount of data able to be processed and transmitted by a UE  115  by increasing the frequency of possible data transmissions by the UE  115 . 
       FIG.  8    shows a block diagram  800  of a communications manager  805  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager  805  may be an example of aspects of a communications manager  615 , a communications manager  715 , or a communications manager  910  described herein. The communications manager  805  may include a delay request component  810 , a grant component  815 , an uplink component  820 , a SR component  825 , a FBSR component  830 , and a signature component  835 . Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The delay request component  810  may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. In some examples, the delay request component  810  may transmit the grant delay request that indicates a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. In some examples, the delay request component  810  may transmit the grant delay request before the uplink data is available for transmission. In some cases, the future time is indicated using a reference time. In some cases, the reference time may correspond to a superframe number and a subframe number, or a frame number and a slot number. 
     The grant component  815  may receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. The uplink component  820  may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the uplink grant. In some examples, the uplink component  820  may transmit the uplink transmission in a shared data channel based on the uplink grant. The SR component  825  may transmit a SR that includes the grant delay request. In some examples, the SR component  825  may transmit the SR during a next occurrence of a SR occasion. In some cases, the future time is a defined number of slots after a slot in which the SR is transmitted. 
     The FBSR component  830  may transmit a buffer status report (BSR) that includes the grant delay request and a report of expected future data. In some examples, transmitting the BSR that includes a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. In some cases, the future time is a defined number of slots after a slot in which the BSR is transmitted. In some cases, the BSR is a MAC FBSR. In some examples, FBSR component  830  may receive a BSR configuration for requesting a delayed resource allocation, where the BSR is transmitted based on the BSR configuration. 
     The signature component  835  may transmit the grant delay request that includes a first SR signature from a set of SR signatures, where each of the set of SR signatures corresponds to a different amount of time requested for the base station to delay providing the uplink grant. 
     In some examples, the signature component  835  may receive a SR signature configuration that indicates the set of SR signatures and a respective grant delay corresponding each of the set of SR signatures. In some examples, the signature component  835  may receive control signaling that indicates the SR signature configuration. In some cases, the first SR signature is selected before the uplink data is available for transmission. In some cases, the control signaling is radio resource control signaling, a MAC control element, or both. In some cases, each of the set of SR signatures is a different bit sequence of a set of bit sequences. 
       FIG.  9    shows a diagram of a system  900  including a device  905  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  905  may be an example of or include the components of device  605 , device  705 , or a UE  115  as described herein. The device  905  may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager  910 , an I/O controller  915 , a transceiver  920 , an antenna  925 , memory  930 , and a processor  940 . These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus  945 ). 
     The communications manager  910  may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE, receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request, and transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the uplink grant. 
     The I/O controller  915  may manage input and output signals for the device  905 . The I/O controller  915  may also manage peripherals not integrated into the device  905 . In some cases, the I/O controller  915  may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral. In some cases, the I/O controller  915  may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, MS-DOS®, MS-WINDOWS®, OS/2®, UNIX®, LINUX®, or another known operating system. In other cases, the I/O controller  915  may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touchscreen, or a similar device. In some cases, the I/O controller  915  may be implemented as part of a processor. In some cases, a user may interact with the device  905  via the I/O controller  915  or via hardware components controlled by the I/O controller  915 . 
     The transceiver  920  may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver  920  may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver  920  may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas. 
     In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna  925 . However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna  925 , which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. 
     The memory  930  may include random-access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The memory  930  may store computer-readable, computer-executable code  935  including instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory  930  may contain, among other things, a basic I/O system (BIOS) which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. 
     The processor  940  may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor  940  may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In other cases, a memory controller may be integrated into the processor  940 . The processor  940  may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory  930 ) to cause the device  905  to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting delayed grant for wireless communication). 
     The code  935  may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code  935  may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code  935  may not be directly executable by the processor  940  but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. 
       FIG.  10    shows a block diagram  1000  of a device  1005  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  1005  may be an example of aspects of a base station  105  as described herein. The device  1005  may include a receiver  1010 , a communications manager  1015 , and a transmitter  1020 . The device  1005  may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The receiver  1010  may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to delayed grant for wireless communication, etc.). Information may be passed on to other components of the device  1005 . The receiver  1010  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  1320  described with reference to  FIG.  13   . The receiver  1010  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     The communications manager  1015  may receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. The communications manager  1015  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  1310  described herein. 
     The communications manager  1015 , or its sub-components, may be implemented in hardware, code (e.g., software or firmware) executed by a processor, or any combination thereof. If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of the communications manager  1015 , or its sub-components may be executed by a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described in the present disclosure. 
     The communications manager  1015 , or its sub-components, may be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations by one or more physical components. In some examples, the communications manager  1015 , or its sub-components, may be a separate and distinct component in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the communications manager  1015 , or its sub-components, may be combined with one or more other hardware components, including but not limited to an input/output (I/O) component, a transceiver, a network server, another computing device, one or more other components described in the present disclosure, or a combination thereof in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. 
     The transmitter  1020  may transmit signals generated by other components of the device  1005 . In some examples, the transmitter  1020  may be collocated with a receiver  1010  in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter  1020  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  1320  described with reference to  FIG.  13   . The transmitter  1020  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
       FIG.  11    shows a block diagram  1100  of a device  1105  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  1105  may be an example of aspects of a device  1005 , or a base station  105  as described herein. The device  1105  may include a receiver  1110 , a communications manager  1115 , and a transmitter  1130 . The device  1105  may also include a processor. Each of these components may be in communication with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The receiver  1110  may receive information such as packets, user data, or control information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, and information related to delayed grant for wireless communication, etc.). Information may be passed on to other components of the device  1105 . The receiver  1110  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  1320  described with reference to  FIG.  13   . The receiver  1110  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
     The communications manager  1115  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  1015  as described herein. The communications manager  1115  may include a delay request reception component  1120  and a grant transmission component  1125 . The communications manager  1115  may be an example of aspects of the communications manager  1310  described herein. 
     The delay request reception component  1120  may receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. The grant transmission component  1125  may transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     The transmitter  1130  may transmit signals generated by other components of the device  1105 . In some examples, the transmitter  1130  may be collocated with a receiver  1110  in a transceiver module. For example, the transmitter  1130  may be an example of aspects of the transceiver  1320  described with reference to  FIG.  13   . The transmitter  1130  may utilize a single antenna or a set of antennas. 
       FIG.  12    shows a block diagram  1200  of a communications manager  1205  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The communications manager  1205  may be an example of aspects of a communications manager  1015 , a communications manager  1115 , or a communications manager  1310  described herein. The communications manager  1205  may include a delay request reception component  1210 , a grant transmission component  1215 , an uplink reception component  1220 , a SR reception component  1225 , a FBSR reception component  1230 , and a signature detection component  1235 . Each of these modules may communicate, directly or indirectly, with one another (e.g., via one or more buses). 
     The delay request reception component  1210  may receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. In some examples, the uplink grant indicates a grant of resources corresponding to the future time indicated in the grant delay request. In some examples, the delay request reception component  1210  may receive the grant delay request that indicates a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. In some examples, the delay request reception component  1210  may receive the grant delay request before uplink data is available for transmission. The grant transmission component  1215  may transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. 
     The uplink reception component  1220  may receive, from the UE, an uplink transmission including the uplink data based on the uplink grant. In some examples, the uplink reception component  1220  may receive the uplink transmission in a shared data channel based on the uplink grant. In some cases, the future time is indicated using a reference time, where the reference time may correspond to a superframe number and a subframe number, or a frame number and a slot number. The SR reception component  1225  may receive a SR that includes the grant delay request. In some cases, the future time is a defined number of slots after a slot in which the SR is transmitted 
     The FBSR reception component  1230  may receive a BSR that includes the grant delay request and a report of expected future data. In some examples, receiving the BSR that includes a requested resource allocation size, where the uplink grant indicates a resource allocation size that is selected based on the requested resource allocation size. In some cases, the future time is a defined number of slots after a slot in which the BSR is transmitted. In some cases, the BSR is a MAC future BSR. In some examples, FBSR reception component  1230  may transmit a BSR configuration for requesting a delayed resource allocation, where the BSR is transmitted based on the BSR configuration. 
     The signature detection component  1235  may receive the grant delay request that includes a first SR signature from a set of SR signatures, where each of the set of SR signatures corresponds to a different amount of time requested for the base station to delay providing the uplink grant. 
     In some examples, the signature detection component  1235  may transmit a SR signature configuration that indicates the set of SR signatures and a respective delay corresponding each of the set of SR signatures. In some examples, the signature detection component  1235  may receive control signaling that indicates the SR signature configuration. In some cases, the first SR signature is selected before the uplink data is available for transmission. In some cases, the control signaling is radio resource control signaling, a MAC control element, or both. In some cases, each of the set of SR signatures is a different bit sequence of a set of bit sequences. 
       FIG.  13    shows a diagram of a system  1300  including a device  1305  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The device  1305  may be an example of or include the components of device  1005 , device  1105 , or a base station  105  as described herein. The device  1305  may include components for bi-directional voice and data communications including components for transmitting and receiving communications, including a communications manager  1310 , a network communications manager  1315 , a transceiver  1320 , an antenna  1325 , memory  1330 , a processor  1340 , and an inter-station communications manager  1345 . These components may be in electronic communication via one or more buses (e.g., bus  1350 ). 
     The communications manager  1310  may receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which the base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE and transmit an uplink grant to the UE allocating the resources to the UE based on grant delay request. In some examples, the uplink grant indicates a grant of resources corresponding to the future time indicated in the grant delay request. 
     The network communications manager  1315  may manage communications with the core network (e.g., via one or more wired backhaul links). For example, the network communications manager  1315  may manage the transfer of data communications for client devices, such as one or more UEs  115 . 
     The transceiver  1320  may communicate bi-directionally, via one or more antennas, wired, or wireless links as described above. For example, the transceiver  1320  may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bi-directionally with another wireless transceiver. The transceiver  1320  may also include a modem to modulate the packets and provide the modulated packets to the antennas for transmission, and to demodulate packets received from the antennas. 
     In some cases, the wireless device may include a single antenna  1325 . However, in some cases the device may have more than one antenna  1325 , which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. 
     The memory  1330  may include RAM, ROM, or a combination thereof. The memory  1330  may store computer-readable code  1335  including instructions that, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor  1340 ) cause the device to perform various functions described herein. In some cases, the memory  1330  may contain, among other things, a BIOS which may control basic hardware or software operation such as the interaction with peripheral components or devices. 
     The processor  1340  may include an intelligent hardware device, (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, a microcontroller, an ASIC, an FPGA, a programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic component, a discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof). In some cases, the processor  1340  may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some cases, a memory controller may be integrated into processor  1340 . The processor  1340  may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory  1330 ) to cause the device  1305  to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting delayed grant for wireless communication). 
     The inter-station communications manager  1345  may manage communications with other base station  105 , and may include a controller or scheduler for controlling communications with UEs  115  in cooperation with other base stations  105 . For example, the inter-station communications manager  1345  may coordinate scheduling for transmissions to UEs  115  for various interference mitigation techniques such as beamforming or joint transmission. In some examples, the inter-station communications manager  1345  may provide an X2 interface within an LTE/LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between base stations  105 . 
     The code  1335  may include instructions to implement aspects of the present disclosure, including instructions to support wireless communications. The code  1335  may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or other type of memory. In some cases, the code  1335  may not be directly executable by the processor  1340  but may cause a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform functions described herein. 
       FIG.  14    shows a flowchart illustrating a method  1400  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method  1400  may be implemented by a UE  115  or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method  1400  may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware. 
     At  1405 , the UE may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. The operations of  1405  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1405  may be performed by a delay request component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1410 , the UE may receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. The operations of  1410  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1410  may be performed by a grant component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1415 , the UE may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data (e.g., an ACK) based on the uplink grant. The operations of  1415  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1415  may be performed by an uplink component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
       FIG.  15    shows a flowchart illustrating a method  1500  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method  1500  may be implemented by a UE  115  or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method  1500  may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware. 
     At  1505 , the UE may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. The operations of  1505  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1505  may be performed by a delay request component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1510 , the UE may transmit a SR that includes the grant delay request. The operations of  1510  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1510  may be performed by a SR component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1515 , the UE may receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. The operations of  1515  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1515  may be performed by a grant component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1520 , the UE may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. The operations of  1520  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1520  may be performed by an uplink component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
       FIG.  16    shows a flowchart illustrating a method  1600  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method  1600  may be implemented by a UE  115  or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method  1600  may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . In some examples, a UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a UE may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware. 
     At  1605 , the UE may transmit a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after which a base station is requested to allocate resources to the UE. The operations of  1605  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1605  may be performed by a delay request component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1610 , the UE may transmit a BSR that includes the grant delay request and a report of expected future data. The operations of  1610  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1610  may be performed by a FBSR component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1615 , the UE may receive an uplink grant from the base station allocating the resources to the UE based on the grant delay request. The operations of  1615  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1615  may be performed by a grant component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
     At  1620 , the UE may transmit, to the base station, an uplink transmission including uplink data based on the uplink grant. The operations of  1620  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1620  may be performed by an uplink component as described with reference to  FIGS.  6  through  9   . 
       FIG.  17    shows a flowchart illustrating a method  1700  that supports delayed grant for wireless communication in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method  1700  may be implemented by a base station  105  or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method  1700  may be performed by a communications manager as described with reference to  FIGS.  10  through  13   . In some examples, a base station may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the base station to perform the functions described below. Additionally or alternatively, a base station may perform aspects of the functions described below using special-purpose hardware. 
     At  1705 , the base station may receive, from a UE, a grant delay request that indicates a future time, at or after the base station is request to allocate resources to the UE. The operations of  1705  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1705  may be performed by a delay request reception component as described with reference to  FIGS.  10  through  13   . 
     At  1710 , the base station may transmit an uplink grant to the UE based on the grant delay request. The operations of  1710  may be performed according to the methods described herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of  1710  may be performed by a grant transmission component as described with reference to  FIGS.  10  through  13   . 
     It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible. Further, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined. 
     Although aspects of an LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR system may be described for purposes of example, and LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terminology may be used in much of the description, the techniques described herein are applicable beyond LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communications systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, as well as other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein. 
     Information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof. 
     The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed with a general-purpose processor, a DSP, an ASIC, a CPU, an FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). 
     The functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described herein may be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical locations. 
     Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that may be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. 
     As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of” or “one or more of”) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on.” 
     In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label, or other subsequent reference label. 
     The description set forth herein, in connection with the appended drawings, describes example configurations and does not represent all the examples that may be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term “example” used herein means “serving as an example, instance, or illustration,” and not “preferred” or “advantageous over other examples.” The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing an understanding of the described techniques. These techniques, however, may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples. 
     The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.