Patent Publication Number: US-2020304749-A1

Title: Digital camera user interface for video trimming

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This is a CONTINUATION of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/543,259, filed Aug. 16, 2019, which is a CONTINUATION of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/827,370, filed Nov. 30, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,425,612, which is a CONTINUATION of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/100,461, filed May 4, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,848,158, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Reference is made to commonly-assigned, U.S. Pat. No. 9,241,101, entitled “Digital camera user interface for text entry,” by Boncha et al., which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention pertains to the field of digital cameras, and more particularly to a digital camera having a user interface which uses a small display screen. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Digital cameras typically include a graphic user interface (GUI) to enable various camera modes and features to be selected. In some digital cameras, a touch-screen color LCD display is used to display various control elements which can be selected by a user in order to modify the camera mode or select various camera features. For example, the KODAK SLICE Digital Camera can provide a video trimming feature which enables videos captured by the digital camera to be shortened. This is accomplished using the camera&#39;s 3.5 inch diagonal touch screen user interface to first select a trimming mode by touching an icon associated with the trimming feature, and then sliding a finger along a timeline to select a start frame, and to then select an end frame. 
     The KODAK SLICE Digital Camera&#39;s touch screen user interface can also be used to enter text, such as e-mail addresses and tags. This is accomplished by first selecting a text entry mode, which displays an entire keyboard of characters, and then touching the keyboard characters in order to enter a text string. 
     It is desirable for the digital camera to be very compact and low cost. This may limit the size of the LCD display that can be used in such digital cameras. Also, in some cases it is desirable to provide a camera capable of underwater operation. This may require that the user interface be provided using a small number of waterproof buttons or switches, rather than a touch screen, since the touch screen may not operate properly underwater. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,982,350 to Hekmatpour et al., entitled “Compositer interface for arranging the components of special effects for a motion picture production,” discloses a user interface for editing digital video sequences. The user interface provides various functions including a capability to trim a digital video sequence. The user interface requires the use of a pointing device such as a mouse, and would not be appropriate for use on a digital camera. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,600,481 to Brown et al., entitled “Data entry apparatus and method,” discloses a method for entering text strings on portable electronic devices such as pagers. A set of available characters are displayed in three rows. A controller having an up tab, a down tab, a left tab and a right tab are used to select a particular character for insertion into the text string. This method is not well-suited for use on devices having small displays because the entire row of characters must be presented on the display. 
     There remains a need to provide a user interface using a limited size image display, and a limited number of user controls, which can nevertheless provide for advanced functions, including video trimming and text entry. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention represents a digital video camera for providing trimmed digital video sequences, comprising: an image sensor for capturing a digital video sequence; an optical system for forming an image of a scene onto the image sensor; a data processing system; a display; user controls enabling a user to select between at least an up input, a down input, a left input, a right input, and a confirmation input; a storage memory for storing digital video sequences, each digital video sequence comprising a sequence of frames; and a program memory communicatively connected to the data processing system and storing instructions configured to cause the data processing system to implement a method for trimming a digital video sequence, wherein the method includes: selecting a digital video sequence stored in the storage memory; initiating a trimming operation; displaying a representation of a frame of the selected digital video sequence on the display; accepting user input provided using the user controls to select a start frame and an end frame for a trimmed digital video sequence, wherein the up input and the down input are used to select between a start frame selection mode and an end frame selection mode, and the left input and the right input are used to scroll through the frames of the selected digital video sequence in order to select a frame, the displayed representation being updated responsive to the selected frame, and wherein the selected frame is selected to be the start frame when the user has selected the start frame selection mode and the selected frame is selected to be the end frame when the user has selected the end frame selection mode; providing the trimmed digital video sequence by trimming the selected video sequence to include the frames between the selected start frame and the selected end frame in response to an activation of the confirmation control; and storing the trimmed digital video sequence in the storage memory. 
     The present invention has the advantage that a video trimming operation can be performed on a digital video camera having a small display and a very limited number of user controls. 
     It has the additional advantage that the provided user interface is user friendly and intuitive despite the limited functionality of the user controls. 
     It has the further advantage that the user interface does not require the use of a touch-sensitive display, and can therefore be used with digital video cameras intended for underwater use. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a high-level diagram showing the components of a digital camera system; 
         FIG. 2  is a flow diagram depicting typical image processing operations used to process digital images in a digital camera; 
         FIG. 3A  is a diagram illustrating one embodiment of a back of a digital camera according to the present invention; 
         FIGS. 3B-3D  are diagram illustrating alternate embodiments of user controls; 
         FIG. 4  is a flowchart showing steps for providing a digital camera user interface for a video trimming operation; 
         FIGS. 5A-5F  are diagrams illustrating exemplary user interface screens for one embodiment of a video trimming workflow; 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart showing steps for providing a digital camera user interface for text entry; and 
         FIGS. 7A-7F  are diagrams illustrating exemplary user interface screens for one embodiment of a text entry workflow. 
     
    
    
     It is to be understood that the attached drawings are for purposes of illustrating the concepts of the invention and may not be to scale. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In the following description, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in terms that would ordinarily be implemented as a software program. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the equivalent of such software can also be constructed in hardware. Because image manipulation algorithms and systems are well known, the present description will be directed in particular to algorithms and systems forming part of, or cooperating more directly with, the system and method in accordance with the present invention. Other aspects of such algorithms and systems, and hardware or software for producing and otherwise processing the image signals involved therewith, not specifically shown or described herein, can be selected from such systems, algorithms, components and elements known in the art. Given the system as described according to the invention in the following materials, software not specifically shown, suggested or described herein that is useful for implementation of the invention is conventional and within the ordinary skill in such arts. 
     Still further, as used herein, a computer program for performing the method of the present invention can be stored in a non-transitory, tangible computer readable storage medium, which can include, for example; magnetic storage media such as a magnetic disk (such as a hard drive or a floppy disk) or magnetic tape; optical storage media such as an optical disc, optical tape, or machine readable bar code; solid state electronic storage devices such as random access memory (RAM), or read only memory (ROM); or any other physical device or medium employed to store a computer program having instructions for controlling one or more computers to practice the method according to the present invention. 
     Because digital cameras employing imaging devices and related circuitry for signal capture and processing, and display are well known, the present description will be directed in particular to elements forming part of, or cooperating more directly with, the method and apparatus in accordance with the present invention. Elements not specifically shown or described herein are selected from those known in the art. Certain aspects of the embodiments to be described are provided in software. Given the system as shown and described according to the invention in the following materials, software not specifically shown, described or suggested herein that is useful for implementation of the invention is conventional and within the ordinary skill in such arts. 
     The invention is inclusive of combinations of the embodiments described herein. References to “a particular embodiment” and the like refer to features that are present in at least one embodiment of the invention. Separate references to “an embodiment” or “particular embodiments” or the like do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or embodiments; however, such embodiments are not mutually exclusive, unless so indicated or as are readily apparent to one of skill in the art. The use of singular or plural in referring to the “method” or “methods” and the like is not limiting. It should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly noted or required by context, the word “or” is used in this disclosure in a non-exclusive sense. 
     The following description of a digital camera will be familiar to one skilled in the art. It will be obvious that there are many variations of this embodiment that are possible and are selected to reduce the cost, add features or improve the performance of the camera. 
       FIG. 1  depicts a block diagram of a digital photography system, including a digital camera  10 . Preferably, the digital camera  10  is a portable battery operated device, small enough to be easily handheld by a user when capturing and reviewing images. The digital camera  10  produces digital images that are stored as digital image files using image memory  30 . The phrase “digital image” or “digital image file”, as used herein, refers to any digital image file, such as a digital still image or a digital video file. 
     In some embodiments, the digital camera  10  captures both motion video images and still images. The digital camera  10  can also include other functions, including, but not limited to, the functions of a digital music player (e.g. an MP3 player), a mobile telephone, a GPS receiver, or a programmable digital assistant (PDA). 
     The digital camera  10  includes a lens  4  having an adjustable aperture and adjustable shutter  6 . In a preferred embodiment, the lens  4  is a zoom lens and is controlled by zoom and focus motor drives  8 . The lens  4  focuses light from a scene (not shown) onto an image sensor  14 , for example, a single-chip color CCD or CMOS image sensor. The lens  4  is one type optical system for forming an image of the scene on the image sensor  14 . In other embodiments, the optical system may use a fixed focal length lens with either variable or fixed focus. 
     The output of the image sensor  14  is converted to digital form by Analog Signal Processor (ASP) and Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter  16 , and temporarily stored in buffer memory  18 . The image data stored in buffer memory  18  is subsequently manipulated by a processor  20 , using embedded software programs (e.g. firmware) stored in firmware memory  28 . In some embodiments, the software program is permanently stored in firmware memory  28  using a read only memory (ROM). In other embodiments, the firmware memory  28  can be modified by using, for example, Flash EPROM memory. In such embodiments, an external device can update the software programs stored in firmware memory  28  using the wired interface  38  or the wireless modem  50 . In such embodiments, the firmware memory  28  can also be used to store image sensor calibration data, user setting selections and other data which must be preserved when the camera is turned off. In some embodiments, the processor  20  includes a program memory (not shown), and the software programs stored in the firmware memory  28  are copied into the program memory before being executed by the processor  20 . 
     It will be understood that the functions of processor  20  can be provided using a single programmable processor or by using multiple programmable processors, including one or more digital signal processor (DSP) devices. Alternatively, the processor  20  can be provided by custom circuitry (e.g., by one or more custom integrated circuits (ICs) designed specifically for use in digital cameras), or by a combination of programmable processor(s) and custom circuits. It will be understood that connectors between the processor  20  from some or all of the various components shown in  FIG. 1  can be made using a common data bus. For example, in some embodiments the connection between the processor  20 , the buffer memory  18 , the image memory  30 , and the firmware memory  28  can be made using a common data bus. 
     The processed images are then stored using the image memory  30 . It is understood that the image memory  30  can be any form of memory known to those skilled in the art including, but not limited to, a removable Flash memory card, internal Flash memory chips, magnetic memory, or optical memory. In some embodiments, the image memory  30  can include both internal Flash memory chips and a standard interface to a removable Flash memory card, such as a Secure Digital (SD) card. Alternatively, a different memory card format can be used, such as a micro SD card, Compact Flash (CF) card, MultiMedia Card (MMC), xD card or Memory Stick. 
     The image sensor  14  is controlled by a timing generator  12 , which produces various clocking signals to select rows and pixels and synchronizes the operation of the ASP and A/D converter  16 . The image sensor  14  can have, for example, 12.4 megapixels (4088×3040 pixels) in order to provide a still image file of approximately 4000×3000 pixels. To provide a color image, the image sensor is generally overlaid with a color filter array, which provides an image sensor having an array of pixels that include different colored pixels. The different color pixels can be arranged in many different patterns. As one example, the different color pixels can be arranged using the well-known Bayer color filter array, as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 3,971,065, “Color imaging array” to Bayer, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As a second example, the different color pixels can be arranged as described in commonly assigned U.S. Patent Application Publication 2007/0024931 to Compton and Hamilton, entitled “Image sensor with improved light sensitivity”, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. These examples are not limiting, and many other color patterns may be used. 
     It will be understood that the image sensor  14 , timing generator  12 , and ASP and A/D converter  16  can be separately fabricated integrated circuits, or they can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit as is commonly done with CMOS image sensors. In some embodiments, this single integrated circuit can perform some of the other functions shown in  FIG. 1 , including some of the functions provided by processor  20 . 
     The image sensor  14  is effective when actuated in a first mode by timing generator  12  for providing a motion sequence of lower resolution sensor image data, which is used when capturing video images and also when previewing a still image to be captured, in order to compose the image. This preview mode sensor image data can be provided as HD resolution image data, for example, with 1280×720 pixels, or as VGA resolution image data, for example, with 640×480 pixels, or using other resolutions which have significantly columns and rows of data, compared to the resolution of the image sensor. 
     The preview mode sensor image data can be provided by combining values of adjacent pixels having the same color, or by eliminating some of the pixels values, or by combining some color pixels values while eliminating other color pixel values. The preview mode image data can be processed as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,292,218 to Parulski, et al., entitled “Electronic camera for initiating capture of still images while previewing motion images”, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     The image sensor  14  is also effective when actuated in a second mode by timing generator  12  for providing high resolution still image data. This final mode sensor image data is provided as high resolution output image data, which for scenes having a high illumination level includes all of the pixels of the image sensor, and can be, for example, a 12 megapixel final image data having 4000×3000 pixels. At lower illumination levels, the final sensor image data can be provided by “binning” some number of like-colored pixels on the image sensor, in order to increase the signal level and thus the “ISO speed” of the sensor. 
     The zoom and focus motor drivers  8  are controlled by control signals supplied by the processor  20 , to provide the appropriate focal length setting and to focus the scene onto the image sensor  14 . The exposure level of the image sensor  14  is controlled by controlling the f/number and exposure time of the adjustable aperture and adjustable shutter  6 , the exposure period of the image sensor  14  via the timing generator  12 , and the gain (i.e., ISO speed) setting of the ASP and A/D converter  16 . The processor  20  also controls a flash  2  which can illuminate the scene. In some embodiments of the present invention, the flash  2  has an adjustable correlated color temperature. For example, the flash disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication 2008/0297027 to Miller et al., entitled “Lamp with adjustable color”, can be used to produce illumination having different color balances for different environmental conditions, such as having a higher proportion of red light when the digital camera  10  is operated underwater. 
     The lens  4  of the digital camera  10  can be focused in the first mode by using “through-the-lens” autofocus, as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,668,597, entitled “Electronic Camera with Rapid Automatic Focus of an Image upon a Progressive Scan Image Sensor” to Parulski et al., which is incorporated herein by reference. This is accomplished by using the zoom and focus motor drivers  8  to adjust the focus position of the lens  4  to a number of positions ranging between a near focus position to an infinity focus position, while the processor  20  determines the closest focus position which provides a peak sharpness value for a central portion of the image captured by the image sensor  14 . The focus distance can be stored as metadata in the image file, along with other lens and camera settings. 
     The processor  20  produces menus and low resolution color images that are temporarily stored in display memory  36  and are displayed on the image display  32 . The image display  32  is typically an active matrix color liquid crystal display (LCD), although other types of displays, such as organic light emitting diode (OLED) displays, can be used. A video interface  44  provides a video output signal from the digital camera  10  to a video display  46 , such as a flat panel HDTV display. In preview mode, or video mode, the digital image data from buffer memory  18  is manipulated by processor  20  to form a series of motion preview images that are displayed, typically as color images, on the image display  32 . In review mode, the images displayed on the image display  32  are produced using the image data from the digital image files stored in image memory  30 . 
     The graphical user interface displayed on the image display  32  includes various user control elements which can be selected by user controls  34 . The user controls  34  are used to select various camera modes, such as video capture mode, still capture mode, and review mode, and to initiate capture of still images and recording of motion images. In some embodiments, the first mode described above (i.e. still preview mode) is initiated when the user partially depresses an image capture button, which is one of the user controls  34 , and the second mode (i.e., still image capture mode) is initiated when the user fully depresses the image capture button. The user controls  34  are also used to turn on the camera, control the lens  4 , and initiate the picture taking process. User controls  34  typically include some combination of buttons, rocker switches, joysticks, or rotary dials. In some embodiments, some of the user controls  34  are provided by using a touch screen overlay on the image display  32  having one or more touch-sensitive user control elements. 
     An audio codec  22  connected to the processor  20  receives an audio signal from a microphone  24  and provides an audio signal to a speaker  26 . These components can be to record and playback an audio track, along with a video sequence or still image. If the digital camera  10  is a multi-function device such as a combination camera and mobile phone, the microphone  24  and the speaker  26  can be used for telephone conversation. In some embodiments, microphone  24  is capable of recording sounds in air and also in an underwater environment when the digital camera  10  is used to record underwater images according to the method of the present invention. In other embodiments, the digital camera  10  includes both a conventional air microphone as well as an underwater microphone (hydrophone) capable of recording underwater sounds. 
     In some embodiments, the speaker  26  can be used as part of the user interface, for example to provide various audible signals which indicate that a user control has been depressed, or that a particular mode has been selected. In some embodiments, the microphone  24 , the audio codec  22 , and the processor  20  can be used to provide voice recognition, so that the user can provide a user input to the processor  20  by using voice commands, rather than user controls  34 . The speaker  26  can also be used to inform the user of an incoming phone call. This can be done using a standard ring tone stored in firmware memory  28 , or by using a custom ring-tone downloaded from a wireless network  58  and stored in the image memory  30 . In addition, a vibration device (not shown) can be used to provide a silent (e.g., non audible) notification of an incoming phone call. 
     The processor  20  also provides additional processing of the image data from the image sensor  14 , in order to produce rendered sRGB image data which is compressed and stored within a “finished” image file, such as a well-known Exif-JPEG image file, in the image memory  30 . 
     The digital camera  10  can be connected via the wired interface  38  to an interface/recharger  48 , which is connected to a computer  40 , which can be a desktop computer or portable computer located in a home or office. The wired interface  38  can conform to, for example, the well-known USB 2.0 interface specification. The interface/recharger  48  can provide power via the wired interface  38  to a set of rechargeable batteries (not shown) in the digital camera  10 . 
     The digital camera  10  can include a wireless modem  50 , which interfaces over a radio frequency band  52  with the wireless network  58 . The wireless modem  50  can use various wireless interface protocols, such as the well-known Bluetooth wireless interface or the well-known 802.11 wireless interface. The computer  40  can upload images via the Internet  70  to a photo service provider  72 , such as the Kodak EasyShare Gallery. Other devices (not shown) can access the images stored by the photo service provider  72 . 
     In alternative embodiments, the wireless modem  50  communicates over a radio frequency (e.g. wireless) link with a mobile phone network (not shown), such as a 3GSM network, which connects with the Internet  70  in order to upload digital image files from the digital camera  10 . These digital image files can be provided to the computer  40  or the photo service provider  72 . 
     In some embodiments, the digital camera  10  is a water proof digital camera capable of being used to capture digital images underwater and under other challenging environmental conditions, such as in rain or snow conditions. For example, the digital camera  10  can be used by scuba divers exploring a coral reef or by children playing at a beach. To prevent damage to the various camera components, the digital camera  10  includes a watertight housing (not shown). 
       FIG. 2  is a flow diagram depicting image processing operations that can be performed by the processor  20  in the digital camera  10  ( FIG. 1 ) in order to process color sensor data  100  from the image sensor  14  output by the ASP and A/D converter  16 . In some embodiments, the processing parameters used by the processor  20  to manipulate the color sensor data  100  for a particular digital image are determined by various user settings  175 , which are typically associated with photography modes that can be selected via the user controls  34 , which enable the user to adjust various camera settings  185  in response to menus displayed on the image display  32 . In a preferred embodiment, the user control elements available in the menus are adjusted responsive to sensed environmental conditions. 
     The color sensor data  100  which has been digitally converted by the ASP and A/D converter  16  is manipulated by a white balance step  95 . In some embodiments, this processing can be performed using the methods described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 7,542,077 to Miki, entitled “White balance adjustment device and color identification device”, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. The white balance can be adjusted in response to a white balance setting  90 , which can be manually set by a user, or can be automatically set to different values when the camera is used in different environmental conditions, as will be described later in reference to  FIG. 4 . 
     The color image data is then manipulated by a noise reduction step  105  in order to reduce noise from the image sensor  14 . In some embodiments, this processing can be performed using the methods described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,934,056 to Gindele et al., entitled “Noise cleaning and interpolating sparsely populated color digital image using a variable noise cleaning kernel”, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. The level of noise reduction can be adjusted in response to an ISO setting  110 , so that more filtering is performed at higher ISO exposure index setting. 
     The color image data is then manipulated by a demosaicing step  115 , in order to provide red, green and blue (RGB) image data values at each pixel location. Algorithms for performing the demosaicing step  115  are commonly known as color filter array (CFA) interpolation algorithms or “deBayering” algorithms. In one embodiment of the present invention, the demosaicing step  115  can use the luminance CFA interpolation method described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,652,621, entitled “Adaptive color plane interpolation in single sensor color electronic camera”, to Adams et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The demosaicing step  115  can also use the chrominance CFA interpolation method described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,642,678, entitled “Signal processing method and apparatus for producing interpolated chrominance values in a sampled color image signal”, to Cok, the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. 
     In some embodiments, the user can select between different pixel resolution modes, so that the digital camera can produce a smaller size image file. Multiple pixel resolutions can be provided as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,493,335, entitled “Single sensor color camera with user selectable image record size”, to Parulski et al., the disclosure of which is herein incorporated by reference. In some embodiments, a resolution mode setting  120  can be selected by the user to be full size (e.g. 3,000×2,000 pixels), medium size (e.g. 1,500×1000 pixels) or small size (750×500 pixels). 
     The color image data is color corrected in color correction step  125 . In some embodiments, the color correction is provided using a 3×3 linear space color correction matrix, as described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,189,511, entitled “Method and apparatus for improving the color rendition of hardcopy images from electronic cameras” to Parulski, et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, different user-selectable color modes can be provided by storing different color matrix coefficients in firmware memory  28  of the digital camera  10 . For example, four different color modes can be provided, so that the color mode setting  130  is used to select one of the following color correction matrices: 
     Setting 1 (Normal Color Reproduction) 
       [RoutGoutBout]=[1.50−0.30−0.20−0.401.80−0.40−0.20−0.201.40]·[ Ri··nGi··nBi··n ]  (1)
 
     Setting 2 (Saturated Color Reproduction) 
       [RoutGoutBout]=[2.00−0.60−0.40−0.802.60−0.80−0.40−0.401.80]·[ Ri· ·nGi· ·nBi· ·n ]  (2)
 
     Setting 3 (De-Saturated Color Reproduction) 
       [RoutGoutBout]=[1.25−0.15−0.10−0.201.40−0.20−0.10−0.101.20]·[ Ri· ·nGi· ·nBi· ·n ]  (3)
 
     Setting 4 (Monochrome) 
       [RoutGoutBout]=[0.300.600.100.300.600.100.300.600.10]·[ Ri· ·nGi· ·nBi· ·n ]  (4)
 
     Setting 5 (Nominal Underwater Color Reproduction) 
       [RoutGoutBout]=[3.00−0.30−0.20−0.801.80−0.40−0.40−0.201.40]·[ Ri· ·nGi· ·nBi· ·n ]  (5)
 
     The color image data is also manipulated by a tone scale correction step  135 . In some embodiments, the tone scale correction step  135  can be performed using a one-dimensional look-up table as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,189,511, cited earlier. In some embodiments, a plurality of tone scale correction look-up tables is stored in the firmware memory  28  in the digital camera  10 . These can include look-up tables which provide a “normal” tone scale correction curve, a “high contrast” tone scale correction curve, and a “low contrast” tone scale correction curve. A user selected contrast setting  140  is used by the processor  20  to determine which of the tone scale correction look-up tables to use when performing the tone scale correction step  135 . 
     The color image data is also manipulated by an image sharpening step  145 . In some embodiments, this can be provided using the methods described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 6,192,162 entitled “Edge enhancing colored digital images” to Hamilton, et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the user can select between various sharpening settings, including a “normal sharpness” setting, a “high sharpness” setting, and a “low sharpness” setting. In this example, the processor  20  uses one of three different edge boost multiplier values, for example 2.0 for “high sharpness”, 1.0 for “normal sharpness”, and 0.5 for “low sharpness” levels, responsive to a sharpening setting  150  selected by the user of the digital camera  10 . In some embodiments, different image sharpening algorithms can be manually or automatically selected, depending on the environmental condition. 
     The color image data is also manipulated by an image compression step  155 . In some embodiments, the image compression step  155  can be provided using the methods described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,774,574, entitled “Adaptive block transform image coding method and apparatus” to Daly et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the user can select between various compression settings. This can be implemented by storing a plurality of quantization tables, for example, three different tables, in the firmware memory  28  of the digital camera  10 . These tables provide different quality levels and average file sizes for the compressed digital image file  180  to be stored in the image memory  30  of the digital camera  10 . A user selected compression mode setting  160  is used by the processor  20  to select the particular quantization table to be used for the image compression step  155  for a particular image. 
     The compressed color image data is stored in a digital image file  180  using a file formatting step  165 . The image file can include various metadata  170 . Metadata  170  is any type of information that relates to the digital image, such as the model of the camera that captured the image, the size of the image, the date and time the image was captured, and various camera settings, such as the lens focal length, the exposure time and F/# of the lens, and whether or not the camera flash fired. In some embodiments, the metadata  170  can also include one or more environmental readings  190  provided by appropriate environmental sensors associated with the digital camera  10 . For example, an underwater sensor (not shown) can be used to provide an environmental reading indicating whether the digital camera  10  is being operated underwater. Similarly, a Global Positioning System (GPS) sensor (not shown) can be used to provide an environmental reading indicating a geographical location, or an inertial motion sensor such as a gyroscope or an accelerometer can be used to provide an environmental reading indicating a camera motion or orientation. In a preferred embodiment, all of this metadata  170  is stored using standardized tags within the well-known Exif-JPEG still image file format. 
     In accordance with the present invention, there are provided methods to perform a number of user interface tasks on a device having a small image display  32  using a minimal set of user controls. While there have been many different user interfaces for digital cameras and other portable electronic devices that have been disclosed in the prior art, they are typically designed to work with devices that have large image displays  32  and a large number of different buttons or touch activated controls. However, such components add significant cost to the device. Therefore, to produce low-cost devices, there is a desire to minimize the size of the display and the number of user controls. However, this has presented significant challenges relative to designing user interfaces that allow users to perform some common tasks in an intuitive and efficient fashion. The present invention is directed to solutions to this problem for several important tasks. Specifically, user interface methods are described for performing video trimming operations and text string entry operations. These methods are particularly well-suited for image displays  32  that are not touch-sensitive and have a diagonal dimension of less than 2 inches, although they can also be employed for touch sensitive displays and larger displays. 
       FIG. 3A  is a diagram showing a rear view of the digital camera  10  according to one exemplary embodiment. The digital camera includes an image display  32 , as well as various user controls  34 . According to a preferred embodiment, the user controls  34  include a set of five inputs: an up input, a down input, a left input, a right input, and a confirmation input. In the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 3A , these controls are provided by a five-way controller  300 . The five-way controller  300  includes five buttons: an up input button  305 , a down input button  310 , a left input button  315 , a right input button  320 , and a confirmation input button  325 . The digital camera  10  can also include any other user controls that are known in the art. In the embodiment of  FIG. 3A , the user controls  34  also include a share button  330 , a delete button  335 , a review button  340 , capture mode button  345 , and a tools button  350 . 
     In the embodiment of  FIG. 3A  the five-way controller  300  is a solid circular disk, wherein each of the buttons are activated by pressing on an appropriate location on the circular disk. In other embodiments, the five-way controller  300  can include a controller ring  360  surrounding a separate confirmation input button  325  as is illustrated in  FIG. 3B . In this configuration, the controller ring  360  provides the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315  and the right input button  320 , which are activated by pressing on the corresponding side of the controller ring  360 . 
     In other embodiments, the five inputs (i.e., the up input, the down input, the left input, the right input, and the confirmation input) can be provided by other types of user controls  34  that are well-known in the art. For example,  FIG. 3C  shows a configuration where the five inputs are provided by five individual buttons (i.e., up input button  305 , down input button  310 , left input button  315 , right input button  320 , and confirmation input button  325 ). Similarly,  FIG. 3D  shows another configuration where the five inputs are provided by a joy stick  365 . The joy stick  365  can be pushed in an up direction  370  to provide the up input, in a down direction  375  to provide the down input, in a left direction  380  to provide the left input, and in a right direction  385  to provide the right input. The confirmation input can be provided by pressing on the end of the joy stick  365 , or alternately by a separate confirmation input button (not shown). 
     A method for providing a user interface on a digital camera  10  for trimming a captured digital video sequence will now be described with reference to  FIG. 4 . The method is provided on a digital camera  10  ( FIG. 3A ) having video image capture capabilities, which has been used to capture one or more digital video sequences. The method is particularly suitable for use with digital cameras  10  using image displays  32  having a relatively small size. 
     A select captured video step  400  is used to select a previously captured digital video sequence  405 . The select captured video step  400  can be performed using any convenient user controls known in the art. In some embodiments, the user can perform this step by entering a review mode using the review button  340  ( FIG. 3A ). The user can then use the user controls  34  to select a particular digital video sequence  405 . For example, the left input button  315  and the right input button  320  can be used to sequence through the previously captured digital still images and digital video sequences that are stored in the image memory  30  ( FIG. 1 ). When the desired digital video sequence  405  has been located, the confirmation input button  325  can be used to select it. 
     Once a particular digital video sequence  405  has been selected, the user can perform various actions. For example, the selected digital video sequence  405  can be played, or it can be edited. One type of video editing operation that can be performed in accordance with the present invention is a video trimming operation, in which the user can trim one or both ends of the selected digital video sequence  405  to provide a shorter trimmed digital video sequence  440  containing only a portion of the selected digital video sequence. For example, the user may desire to trim the selected digital video sequence  405  to include only the most interesting portion. The video trimming operation involves selecting a start frame and an end frame, designating the portion of the selected digital video sequence  405  to be included in the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . 
     An initiate trimming operation step  410  is used to initiate the video trimming operation. The initiate trimming operation step  410  can be performed using any convenient user controls known in the art. For example, once the particular digital video sequence  405  has been selected with the select captured video step  400 , the first frame of the selected digital video sequence  405  can be displayed on the image display  32  ( FIG. 3A ). In a preferred embodiment, if the user presses the confirmation input button, the selected digital video sequence  405  is played, and if the user presses the tools button  350  a menu of available editing operations is displayed. The user can then select the video trimming operation using the up input button  305  and the down input button  310 . The video trimming operation can then be initiated by pressing the confirmation input button  325 . It will be obvious to one skilled in the art that a wide variety of different user interface configurations can be used to perform the initiate trimming operation step  410  according to various embodiments. 
     Next, an optional display instructions step  415  is used to display an instructions screen on the image display  32  ( FIG. 3A ), providing the user with information that will be helpful for understanding the behavior of the user interface during the video trimming operation. In a preferred embodiment, the instructions screen includes an indication of the function of appropriate user controls  34  ( FIG. 3A ) during the video trimming operation. An example of a user interface screen  500  that can be displayed by the display instructions step  415  is shown in  FIG. 5A . Select marker instructions  505  provide an indication that the up input and the down input can be used to select between a start frame marker and an end frame marker. Move marker instructions  510  provide an indication that the left input and the right input can be used to move the selected frame marker. Next instructions  515  provide an indication that the confirmation input can be used to advance to the next step in the trimming operation. An OK control  520  provides an indication that the user should activate the confirmation input when he is done looking at the user interface screen  500 . 
     Returning to a discussion of  FIG. 4 , a display frame representation step  420  is used to display a representation of a frame from the selected digital video sequence  405  on the image display  32  ( FIG. 3A ), together with appropriate user interface elements. In a preferred embodiment, the displayed frame that is initially displayed is the first frame in the selected digital video sequence  405 . 
       FIG. 5B  shows an example of a user interface screen  525  showing a displayed video frame  530  corresponding to the first frame of the selected digital video sequence  405  ( FIG. 4 ). A timeline  535  represents the time interval of the selected digital video sequence  405 . A start frame marker  540  indicates the start frame for the trimmed digital video sequence  440  ( FIG. 4 ) and an end frame marker  545  indicates the end frame for the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . The positions of the start frame marker  540  and the end frame marker  545  relative to the timeline  535  provides an indication of the relative position of the respective frames within the selected digital video sequence  405 . At the start of the video trimming operation, the start frame marker  540  is positioned at the first frame of the selected digital video sequence  405 , the end frame marker  545  is positioned at the last frame of the selected digital video sequence  405 , and the entire timeline  535  is highlighted indicating that the entire digital video sequence  405  is initially included in the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . Initially, the video trimming operation starts out in a start frame selection mode. Accordingly, the start frame marker  540  is highlighted indicating that it is the active frame marker. 
     An accept user input step  425  ( FIG. 4 ) is used to accept input from the user to select the start frame (and also the end frame) for the trimmed digital video sequence  440  ( FIG. 4 ). The user can use the right input button  320  ( FIG. 3A ) and left input button  315  ( FIG. 3A ) to adjust the position of the start frame marker  540  ( FIG. 5B ) in order to adjust the starting point for the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . As the position of the start frame marker  540  is adjusted, the displayed video frame  530  ( FIG. 5B ) is adjusted to show the corresponding frame of the selected digital video sequence  405  ( FIG. 4 ). 
     In a preferred embodiment, if the right input button  320  is held down, the start frame marker  540  advances across the timeline  535  and the displayed video frame  530  advances through the selected digital video sequence  405  at a predefined fast forward rate. In some embodiments, the predefined fast forward rate is increased if the right input button  320  is held for an extended period of time. In a preferred embodiment, if the right input button  320  is pressed and released without holding it, then the start frame marker  540  advances by a predefined number of video frames corresponding to a predefined small time interval. Similarly, the left input button  315  can be used to move the start frame marker  540  to the left, thereby moving through the selected digital video sequence in a reverse direction. 
       FIG. 5C  shows an example of a user interface screen  550  where the position of the start frame marker  540  has been moved to the right partway across the timeline  535 . The portion of the timeline between the start frame marker  540  and the end frame marker  545  is highlighted indicating a trimmed timeline portion  560 . The portion of the timeline  535  to the left of the start frame marker  540  is not highlighted, indicating an excluded start timeline portion  555 . 
     If the user now presses the up input button  305  (or the down input button  310 ), the mode is changed from the start frame selection mode to an end frame selection mode. This is illustrated in the user interface screen  565  of  FIG. 5D , which is identical to the user interface screen  550  of  FIG. 5C  except that the end frame marker  545  is now highlighted rather than the start frame marker  540 . (The highlighting of the corresponding frame marker provides a graphical indication of whether the user has selected the start frame selection mode or then end frame selection mode.) The displayed video frame  530  now shows the video frame corresponding to the end frame marker  545  (initially the last frame of the selected digital video sequence  405 ). 
     In the end frame selection mode, the right input button  320  ( FIG. 3A ) and left input button  315  ( FIG. 3A ) can be used to adjust the position of the end frame marker  545  in order to adjust the ending point for the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . As the position of the end frame marker  545  is adjusted, the displayed video frame  530  is adjusted to show the corresponding frame of the selected digital video sequence  405 . The behavior of the right input button  320  and left input button  315  in the end frame selection mode will be analogous to those described above for the start frame selection mode. 
       FIG. 5E  shows an example of a user interface screen  570  where the position of the end frame marker  545  has been moved to the left partway across the timeline  535 . As described earlier, the portion of the timeline between the start frame marker  540  and the end frame marker  545  is highlighted indicating the trimmed timeline portion  560 . The portion of the timeline  535  to the right of the end frame marker  545  is not highlighted, indicating an excluded end timeline portion  575 . 
     The up input button  305  (or the down input button  310 ) can be used to toggle back and forth between the start frame selection mode and the end frame selection mode. In this way, the user can fine tune the position of the start frame marker  540  and the end frame marker  545  until he/she is satisfied with the designated trimmed digital video sequence  440  ( FIG. 4 ). At that point, the user can press the confirmation input button  325  to move to the next step in the video trimming operation. 
     In a preferred embodiment, pressing the confirmation input button  325  terminates the accept user input step  425  ( FIG. 4 ) and advances the video trimming operation to the next step. In some embodiments, terminating the accept user input step  425  causes the trimmed digital video sequence  440  to be formed and stored in a processor-accessible memory. In other embodiments, it only causes an indication of the selected start frame and end frame to be stored so that they can be used at a later time to form the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . 
     In some embodiments, if the user presses the confirmation input button  325  before they have entered the end frame selection mode using the up input button  305  or the down input button  310 , then rather than advancing immediately to a confirm trimming selection step  430 , the video trimming operation makes the assumption that the user will first want to enter the end frame selection mode. In this case, a second activation of the confirmation input button  325  will advance the video trimming operation to the confirm trimming selection step  430 . 
     In a preferred embodiment, terminating the accept user input step  425  causes the video trimming process to advance to an optional confirm trimming selection step  430 . In other embodiments, this step can be omitted and the video trimming process can advance directly to a provide trimmed video step  435 . 
       FIG. 5F  shows an example of a user interface screen  580  that can be used for the confirm trimming selection step  430 . The user interface screen  580  includes a set of menu choices  585 , indicating the available options. A selection box  590  is positioned over the currently selected choice. The up input button  305  ( FIG. 3A ) and the down input button  310  ( FIG. 3A ) can be used to move the selection box  590  up or down through the list of menu choices  585 . When the selection box  590  is over the desired choice, the user can activate that choice using the confirmation input button  325  ( FIG. 3A ). 
     The menu choices  585  include a “Go Back” choice which can be used to return to the start/end frame selection process. A “Preview Trimmed Video” choice can be used to preview the trimmed digital video sequence  440  as specified by the selected start frame and end frame. An “Exit” choice exits the video trimming operation without saving the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . A “Save as New” choice causes the video trimming operation to advance to a provide trimmed video step  435  ( FIG. 4 ), which forms the trimmed digital video sequence  440  by trimming the selected digital video sequence  405  to include the frames between the selected start frame and end frame. A store trimmed video sequence step  445  is then used to store the trimmed digital video sequence  440  in the image memory  30  ( FIG. 1 ). 
     In a preferred embodiment, the trimmed digital video sequence  440  is stored as a separate digital video file, retaining both the original digital video sequence  405  and the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . In other embodiments, the original digital video sequence  405  can be replaced by the trimmed digital video sequence  440 , or two different options can be provided allowing the user to choose either save method (e.g., by providing both a “Save as New” choice and a “Save” choice). 
     In some embodiments, the digital video sequence  405  is stored in a compressed digital video file. Typically, some of the frames in a compressed digital video files are “I-frames,” which are encoded using intra-frame compression that is independent of any other frames, and other frames are “P-frames” or “B-frames” that are encoded using predictions based on other nearby frames. Therefore, I-frames can be decoded without the need to decode any other frames. In some embodiments, the video trimming operation can be constrained so that the trimmed digital video sequence  440  always begins on an I-frame within the digital video sequence  405 . This is advantageous relative to the processing required for the provide trimmed video step  435  and the store trimmed video sequence step  445 . 
     In some embodiments, rather than storing the trimmed digital video sequence  440  in a digital video file, the store trimmed video sequence step  445  can store metadata associated with the original digital video sequence  405  indicating the start frame and the end frame specified for the trimmed digital video sequence  440 . Then, when the digital video sequence  405  is played using a video player that knows how to interpret the metadata, it can play the trimmed digital video sequence  440  rather than the entire digital video sequence  405 . In some embodiments, the metadata is stored within the digital file containing the digital video sequence  405 . In other embodiments, the metadata can be stored in a separate digital file. 
     In some embodiments, an option can be provided to select an optional trimming mode where the trimmed digital video sequence  440  is formed by deleting the frames between the selected start frame and the selected end frame from the digital video sequence  405 , rather than keeping these frames. For example, a user interface control can be provided to toggle between a “keep frames trimming mode” and a “delete frames trimming mode.” 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart of a text entry method for providing a user-specified input string for a portable electronic device. This method will be described in the context of the digital camera  10  of  FIG. 3A . However, it will be obvious to one skilled in the art that it is also applicable to a wide variety of different portable electronic devices such as cell-phones and digital media players. The method is well-suited to use with devices having a relatively small display screen (e.g., having a diagonal dimension of less than 2 inches) and a limited set of user controls including an up input button  305 , a down input button  310 , a left input button  315 , a right input button  320 , and a confirmation input button  325 . 
     There are a variety of different needs for providing user-specified input strings for a portable electronic device. For example, the digital camera  10  of  FIG. 3A  includes a share button  330 , which can be used to designate a sharing destination for a captured digital still image or digital video sequence. The sharing destination can include an E-mail address, a social networking account identifier (e.g., a Facebook account identifier) or a website URL, each of which may require providing a user-specified input string. Other applications for user-specified input strings would include providing user-specified image captions and entering wireless networking passwords. 
     An initiate string input operation step  605  is executed when the user initiates an operation that requires the user to specify an input text string. For example, the user may initiate a sharing operation to an E-mail address. 
     Next, a display string input interface step  610  is used to display a user interface for receiving string input on the image display  32  ( FIG. 3A ). An example user interface screen  700  representing a preferred embodiment is shown in  FIG. 7A . The user interface screen  700  includes a string input section  705  for displaying the user-specified input string. An insertion point indicator  785  shows the location in the input string where a new character can be added. A character deletion control  710  is also included to enable the user to delete previously entered characters in the input string. 
     The user interface screen also includes two independently scrollable character selection sections: an alphabetic character selection section  715  and a numeric/symbolic character selection section  720 . Each character selection section enables the user to select from a corresponding predefined set of characters. The alphabetic character selection section  715  enables the user to select from the alphabetic characters from “a” to “z”. The numeric/symbolic character selection section  720  enables the user to select from numeric characters between “0” and “9”, as well as a selection of common symbolic characters (e.g., “@ &amp; / * . , $ ! - % + ?”). Due to the small size of the image display  32  ( FIG. 3A ), only a subset of the corresponding predefined set of characters are displayed in each of the character selection sections at a particular time. The remainder of the characters can be accessed using scrolling operations. This approach solves the problem that, due to the small size of the image display  32 , displaying all of the alphabetic characters at the same time on the image display  32  would require that the individual characters be too small to be easily readable by the user. 
     The user interface screen  700  also includes a control section including selectable controls for terminating the string input operation. The selectable controls include a cancel control  725  and an OK control  730 . A selected character section box  735  provides an indication of the currently selected character selection section. Arrow symbols at the left and right ends of the selected character section box  735  provide an indication that the character selection section is scrollable. A selected character  740  is highlighted to indicate the character that can currently be selected for addition to the input string displayed in the string input section  705 . 
     It will be obvious to one skilled in the art that many variations of the user interface screen  700  can be used in accordance with the present invention. The various elements of the user interface screen can be rearranged in position. Furthermore, certain elements can be removed, or additional elements can be added. In some embodiments, there can be more than two independently scrollable character selection sections. For example, there can be both an upper-case alphabetic character selection section and a lower-case alphabetic character selection section. Alternatively, there can be a first alphabetic character selection section having the alphabetic characters from “a” to “m”, and a second alphabetic character selection section having the alphabetic characters from “n” to “z”. There can also be other variations to the user interface screen  700 . For example, there can be a “shift control” in the control section that allows the user to toggle between upper-case characters and lower-case characters. 
     Returning to a discussion of  FIG. 6 , an accept string input step  615  is next used to accept user input using the user controls  34  ( FIG. 3A ) to sequentially select characters to specify the desired text string. In a preferred embodiment, the characters are selected by user manipulation of the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315 , the right input button  320  and the confirmation input button  325 . In particular, the up input button  305  and the down input button  310  are used to select one of the scrollable character selection sections (i.e., the alphabetic character selection section  715  or the numeric/symbolic character selection section  720 ). The left input button  315  and the right input button  320  are then used to scroll through the predefined set of characters in the selected scrollable character selection section to select a particular character, and the confirmation input button  325  is used to add the selected particular character to the input string displayed in the string input section  705 . 
     In a preferred embodiment, as the user presses the left input button  315  and the right input button  320  to scroll through the set of characters in the selected scrollable character selection section, the set of characters will shift to the left or right accordingly so that the selected character  740  remains in the center of the character selection section. In other embodiments, the selected character  740  moves to the left or right within the character selection section upon activation of the left input button  315  or the right input button  320  until it reaches the side of the character selection section. At that point, the set of characters will shift to the left or the right upon further activation of the left input button  315  or the right input button  320 . 
     Consider the example shown in  FIG. 7A  where thus far the user has entered the input string “na”. If the user desires to enter the input string “name @email.com”, the user would press the right input button  320  repeatedly until the letter “m” is positioned to be the selected character  740 . In some embodiments, the user can press and hold the right input button  320  in order to advance through the characters at a predetermined rate (e.g., 2 characters/second). The user would then press the confirmation input button  325  to add an “m” to the input string. Next, the user would press the left input button  315  repeatedly until the letter “e” is positioned to be the selected character  740 , and would press the confirmation input button  325  to add an “e” to the input string.  FIG. 7B  illustrates a user interface screen  750  corresponding to the content displayed in the image display  32  at this point. 
     Since the next character to be added to the input string is a symbolic character (“@”), the user would press the down input button  310  to select the numeric/symbolic character selection section  720 , and would press the right input button  320  until the “@” symbol is positioned to be the selected character  740 . The user would then press the confirmation input button  325  to add the “@” symbol to the input string.  FIG. 7C  illustrates a user interface screen  760  corresponding to the content displayed in the image display  32  at this point. 
     In a similar manner, the user would manipulate the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315 , the right input button  320  and the confirmation input button  325  to add the characters “email.com” to the input string.  FIG. 7D  illustrates a user interface screen  770  corresponding to the content displayed in the image display  32  at this point. 
     The various user controls  34  ( FIG. 3A ) can also be used to access the other control features shown in the user interface screen  700  ( FIG. 7A ). For example, the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315 , the right input button  320  can be manipulated to highlight the character deletion control  710 . The confirmation input button  325  can then be pressed to delete the character to the left of the insertion point indicator  785 . Similarly, the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315 , the right input button  320  can be manipulated to highlight the string input section  705 . The left input button  315  and the right input button  320  can then be used to move the position of the insertion point indicator  785  within the input string. This enables the user to add or delete characters in the middle of the input string.  FIG. 7E  shows a user interface screen  780  where the insertion point indicator  785  has been positioned between the “1” and the “.” characters. 
     Returning to a discussion of  FIG. 6 , an accept string input termination step  620  is used to accept user input terminating the string input operation. There are two ways that the string input can be terminated, by accepting the string input, or by cancelling the string input. As illustrated in  FIG. 7F , which shows a user interface screen  790 , the string input can be accepted by manipulating the up input button  305 , the down input button  310 , the left input button  315 , the right input button  320  to highlight the OK control  730 . The confirmation input button  325  can then be pressed to accept the entered input string  625 . The input string  625  can then be saved in a processor-accessible memory (e.g., image memory  30  in  FIG. 1 ) using a store input string step  630  ( FIG. 6 ). Conversely, the user can manipulate the user controls  34  to highlight the cancel control  725  ( FIG. 7F ). The confirmation input button  325  ( FIG. 3A ) can then be pressed to cancel the string input operation without storing the input string  625 . 
     The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention. 
     PARTS LIST 
     
         
         
           
               2  flash 
               4  lens 
               6  adjustable aperture and adjustable shutter 
               8  zoom and focus motor drives 
               10  digital camera 
               12  timing generator 
               14  image sensor 
               16  ASP and A/D Converter 
               18  buffer memory 
               20  processor 
               22  audio codec 
               24  microphone 
               26  speaker 
               28  firmware memory 
               30  image memory 
               32  image display 
               34  user controls 
               36  display memory 
               38  wired interface 
               40  computer 
               44  video interface 
               46  video display 
               48  interface/recharger 
               50  wireless modem 
               52  radio frequency band 
               58  wireless network 
               70  Internet 
               72  photo service provider 
               90  white balance setting 
               95  white balance step 
               100  color sensor data 
               105  noise reduction step 
               110  ISO setting 
               115  demosaicing step 
               120  resolution mode setting 
               125  color correction step 
               130  color mode setting 
               135  tone scale correction step 
               140  contrast setting 
               145  image sharpening step 
               150  sharpening setting 
               155  image compression step 
               160  compression mode setting 
               165  file formatting step 
               170  metadata 
               175  user settings 
               180  digital image file 
               185  camera settings 
               190  environmental attribute readings 
               300  five-way controller 
               305  up input button 
               310  down input button 
               315  left input button 
               320  right input button 
               325  confirmation input button 
               330  share button 
               335  delete button 
               340  review button 
               345  capture mode button 
               350  tools button 
               360  controller ring 
               365  joy stick 
               370  up direction 
               375  down direction 
               380  left direction 
               385  right direction 
               400  select captured video step 
               405  digital video sequence 
               410  initiate trimming operation step 
               415  display instructions step 
               420  display frame representation step 
               425  accept user input step 
               430  confirm trimming selection step 
               435  provide trimmed video step 
               440  trimmed digital video sequence 
               445  stored trimmed video sequence step 
               500  user interface screen 
               505  select marker instructions 
               510  move marker instructions 
               515  next instructions 
               520  OK control 
               525  user interface screen 
               530  displayed video frame 
               535  timeline 
               540  start frame marker 
               545  end frame marker 
               550  user interface screen 
               555  excluded start timeline portion 
               560  trimmed timeline portion 
               565  user interface screen 
               570  user interface screen 
               575  excluded end timeline portion 
               580  user interface screen 
               585  menu choices 
               590  selection box 
               605  initiate string input operation step 
               610  display string input interface step 
               615  accept string input step 
               620  accept string input termination step 
               625  input string 
               630  store input string step 
               700  user interface screen 
               705  string input section 
               710  character deletion control 
               715  alphabetic character selection section 
               720  numeric/symbolic character selection section 
               725  cancel control 
               730  OK control 
               735  selected character section box 
               740  selected character 
               750  user interface screen 
               760  user interface screen 
               770  user interface screen 
               780  user interface screen 
               785  insertion point indicator 
               790  user interface screen