Patent Publication Number: US-2019167338-A1

Title: Treatment tool and treatment system

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of PCT international application Ser. No. PCT/JP2016/078310 filed on Sep. 26, 2016 which designates the United States, incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a treatment tool and a treatment system. 
     2. Related Art 
     In the related art, there are known treatment tools for treating (joining (or inosculating), separating, or the like) living tissue by applying energy to the living tissue (for example, see Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2014-124491). 
     The treatment tool (energy treatment tool) according to Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2014-124491 includes first and second jaws (first and second holding members) that hold living tissue. Furthermore, each of the first and second jaws is provided with an energy applying structure that generates thermal energy and applies the thermal energy to the living tissue. 
     The energy applying structure includes a wiring pattern (SUS pattern) and a heating plate (first and second high-frequency electrode) described below. 
     The wiring pattern includes an electric resistance pattern that generates heat with an applied current and a lead connecting portion that is electrically connected to the electric resistance pattern. Furthermore, the lead connecting portion is connected to a lead, and a current is applied to the electric resistance pattern via the lead and the lead connecting portion so that the electric resistance pattern generates heat. 
     The heating plate is formed of a conductor such as copper. Furthermore, the heating plate transmits the heat from the electric resistance pattern to the living tissue (applies thermal energy to the living tissue). 
     SUMMARY 
     In some embodiments, a treatment tool includes: a first jaw including a first holding surface; a second jaw including a second holding surface to hold living tissue with the first holding surface; a first wiring pattern that is provided on the first holding surface and that includes a first heat-generating portion where a resistance value per unit length in a longitudinal direction connecting a distal end and a proximal end of the first jaw is higher than resistance values of other areas, the first heat-generating portion being configured to generate heat with an applied current; a first heating plate that is disposed to face the first holding surface, the first heating plate being configured to transmit heat from the first wiring pattern to the living tissue by bringing into contact with the living tissue; a second wiring pattern that is provided on the second holding surface and that includes a second heat-generating portion where a resistance value per unit length in a longitudinal direction connecting a distal end and a proximal end of the second jaw is higher than resistance values of other areas, the second heat-generating portion being configured to generate heat with an applied current; and a second heating plate that is disposed to face the second holding surface, the second heating plate being configured to transmit heat from the second wiring pattern to the living tissue by bringing into contact with the living tissue. The first heat-generating portion is provided at a first area when the first holding surface is divided into two areas where the first area and a second area are arranged parallel in the longitudinal direction connecting the distal end and the proximal end of the first jaw, and the second heat-generating portion is provided at a second projection area when the second holding surface is divided into two areas where a first projection area onto which the first area is projected and the second projection area onto which the second area is projected in a closed state where the first holding surface and the second holding surface are faced each other. 
     In some embodiments, a treatment system includes: the above-mentioned treatment tool; and an applied-current controller configured to apply a current to each of the first wiring pattern and the second wiring pattern, calculate a temperature based on a resistance value of each of the first wiring pattern and the second wiring pattern when applying the current, and execute an applied-current control such that the temperature becomes a target temperature. 
     The above and other features, advantages and technical and industrial significance of this disclosure will be better understood by reading the following detailed description of presently preferred embodiments of the disclosure, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a diagram that schematically illustrates a treatment system according to a first embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is a diagram that illustrates the distal end part of the treatment tool; 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram that illustrates the distal end part of the treatment tool; 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram that illustrates a first energy-applying structure; 
         FIG. 5  is a diagram that illustrates the first energy-applying structure; 
         FIG. 6  is a diagram that illustrates a second energy-applying structure; 
         FIG. 7  is a diagram that illustrates operation for opening and closing first and second jaws; 
         FIG. 8  is a diagram that illustrates operation for opening and closing the first and second jaws; 
         FIG. 9A  is a diagram that illustrates the positional relationship between the first and second wiring patterns in the closed state where the first and second holding surfaces are faced each other; 
         FIG. 9B  is a diagram that illustrates the positional relationship between the first and second wiring patterns in the closed state where the first and second holding surfaces are faced each other; 
         FIG. 10  is a block diagram that illustrates the configuration of a control device; 
         FIG. 11  is a flowchart that illustrates operation of the control device; 
         FIG. 12A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater according to a second embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 12B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater according to the second embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 13A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater according to a third embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 13B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater according to the third embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 14A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater according to a fourth embodiment of the disclosure; and 
         FIG. 14B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater according to the fourth embodiment of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     With reference to the drawings, an aspect (hereinafter, embodiment) for implementing the disclosure is explained below. Furthermore, the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below. Moreover, the identical components are attached with the same reference numeral in description of the drawings. 
     First Embodiment 
     Schematic Configuration of a Treatment System 
       FIG. 1  is a diagram that schematically illustrates a treatment system  1  according to a first embodiment of the disclosure. 
     The treatment system  1  applies thermal energy to living tissue, which is the target for treatment, so as to give treatment (joining (or inosculation), separation, or the like) to the living tissue. As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the treatment system  1  includes a treatment tool  2 , a control device  3 , and a foot switch  4 . 
     Configuration of the Treatment Tool 
     The treatment tool  2  is a linear-type surgical treatment tool for giving treatment to living tissue through for example an abdominal wall. As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the treatment tool  2  includes an operating handle  5 , a shaft  6 , and a holding portion  7 . 
     The operating handle  5  is a portion that is held with the operator&#39;s hand. Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the operating handle  5  is provided with an operating knob  51  that opens and closes first and second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ included in the holding portion  7 . 
     Furthermore, in  FIG. 1 , the structure and the shape indicated by the reference numeral without “′” are substantially the same as the structure and the shape indicated by the reference numeral with “′” added thereto. The same holds for the subsequent drawings. 
     Configuration of the Shaft 
       FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3  are diagrams that illustrate the distal end part of the treatment tool  2 . Specifically, FIG.  2  is a diagram when the distal end part of the treatment tool  2  is viewed from the side of the first jaw  11 . For the convenience of explanation, illustration of first and second leads C 1 , C 1 ′ is omitted from  FIG. 2 .  FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of  FIG. 2 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 1 , the shaft  6  is an elongated member along a central axis Ax; one end thereof is coupled to the operating handle  5  through a rotary support member  63 , and the other end thereof pivotally supports the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ such that they may be opened and closed. As illustrated in  FIG. 2  or  FIG. 3 , the shaft  6  includes a cylindrical portion  61  and a rod  62 . 
     Here, the rotary support member  63  supports the shaft  6 , and it is attached such that it is rotatable relative to the operating handle  5  with the central axis Ax as a center. Specifically, the rotary support member  63  is rotated in accordance with operation of the operator so that the shaft  6  and the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ attached to the shaft  6  are rotated together with the rotary support member  63  with the central axis Ax as a center. 
     The cylindrical portion  61  has substantially a cylindrical shape, one end thereof being coupled to the rotary support member  63 , and the other end thereof supporting the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ such that they may be opened and closed. 
     Inside the cylindrical portion  61 , an electric cable C ( FIG. 1 ) coupled to the control device  3  is disposed from one end side to the other end side through the operating handle  5  and the rotary support member  63 . Furthermore,  FIG. 3  illustrates part of the first leads C 1  in pair and the second leads C 1 ′ in pair included in the electric cable C. 
     Furthermore, the other end of the cylindrical portion  61  is provided with a pair of pivotally support portions  611  each protruding toward the distal end (the left side in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 ) of the treatment tool  2 . 
     Each of the pivotally support portions  611  in pair is elongated and is shaped like substantially a flat plate. Furthermore, the pivotally support portions  611  in pair extend in a longitudinal direction along the central axis Ax and are faced each other in a vertical direction of  FIG. 2 . 
     The pivotally support portions  611  in pair have the same shape. Therefore, the shape of one of the pivotally support portions  611  is explained. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the pivotally support portion  611  is provided with a first shaft-bearing hole  6111  on the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 2 ) relative to the center position in a longitudinal direction of the pivotally support portion  611 , penetrating through the two sides of the pivotally support portion  611  and having a rotary shaft RA inserted therethrough. 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 2  or  FIG. 3 , the pivotally support portion  611  is provided with a first track hole  6112  on the proximal end side (the right side in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 ) relative to the first shaft-bearing hole  6111 , penetrating through the two sides of the pivotally support portion  611  and extending along the central axis Ax. 
     The rod  62  is disposed inside the cylindrical portion  61  and is moved back and forth along the central axis Ax in accordance with operator&#39;s operation on the operating knob  51 . That is, the rod  62  forms part of an opening/closing system that opens and closes the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′. As illustrated in  FIG. 2  or  FIG. 3 , the rod  62  includes a rod main body  621  and a shaft portion  622 . 
     The rod main body  621  is a portion that is composed of an elongated rod-like member and is moved back and forth along the central axis Ax in accordance with operator&#39;s operation on the operating knob  51 . Furthermore, the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 ) of the rod main body  621  is provided with a through-hole  6211 , penetrating in a direction perpendicular to the central axis Ax and having the shaft portion  622  inserted therethrough. 
     The shaft portion  622  has a cylindrical shape, and it is inserted through the through-hole  6211  of the rod main body  621 . Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , while the shaft portion  622  is inserted through the through-hole  6211 , both ends of the shaft portion  622  protrude outward from the rod main body  621 . Moreover, both ends of the shaft portion  622  protruding outward from the rod main body  621  are inserted through the first track holes  6112  of the pivotally support portions  611  in pair and second track holes  1122 ,  1122 ′ ( FIG. 3 ) of the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′. 
     Configuration of the Holding Portion 
     The holding portion  7  is a portion that holds the living tissue and gives treatment to the living tissue. As illustrated in  FIG. 2  or  FIG. 3 , the holding portion  7  includes: a first holding portion  10  including the first jaw  11  and a first energy-applying structure  12 ; and a second holding portion  10 ′ including the second jaw  11 ′ and a second energy-applying structure  12 ′. 
     Configuration of the First Jaw 
     The first jaw  11  is a portion that is supported pivotally and rotatably by the pivotally support portions  611  in pair through the rotary shaft RA. As illustrated in  FIG. 2  or  FIG. 3 , the first jaw  11  includes a jaw main body  111  and a jaw connecting portion  112 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the jaw main body  111  is elongated and is shaped like substantially a flat plate with a width dimension (a length dimension in a lateral direction) slightly smaller than the separate dimension between the pivotally support portions  611  in pair. Furthermore, one surface of the jaw main body  111  functions as a first holding surface  1111  ( FIG. 3 ) to which the first energy-applying structure  12  is attached. 
     The jaw connecting portion  112  is a portion that couples the first jaw  11  to the cylindrical portion  61 . The jaw connecting portion  112  has an elongated and substantially flat-plate like shape with its longitudinal direction along the longitudinal direction of the jaw main body  111 , and it is integrally formed with the upper side of the jaw main body  111  in  FIG. 2  at one end side (the right side in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 3 ) while it is perpendicular to the jaw main body  111 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the jaw connecting portion  112  is provided with a second shaft-bearing hole  1121  on the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 3 ) relative to the center position in the longitudinal direction of the jaw connecting portion  112 , penetrating through the two sides of the jaw connecting portion  112 . Specifically, the jaw connecting portion  112  abuts the inner surface of the pivotally support portion  611 , which is one of the pivotally support portions  611  in pair, and the rotary shaft RA is inserted through each of the first shaft-bearing hole  6111  and the second shaft-bearing hole  1121 , whereby the first jaw  11  is pivotally supported such that it is rotatable relative to the cylindrical portion  61  (the pivotally support portions  611  in pair) with the rotary shaft RA as a center. 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the jaw connecting portion  112  is provided with the second track hole  1122  on the proximal end side (the right side in  FIG. 3 ) relative to the second shaft-bearing hole  1121 , penetrating through the two sides of the jaw connecting portion  112  and extending in a direction crossing the central axis Ax. 
     Specifically, the second track hole  1122  is shaped such that it is tilted upward in  FIG. 3  as it is closer to the second shaft-bearing hole  1121 . Furthermore, in the state (the closed state where the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ are faced each other) illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the right end of the second track hole  1122  in  FIG. 3  is set such that it is in the same level as the first track hole  6112 . Specifically, in the state illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the level of the second track hole  1122  gradually becomes higher relative to the first track hole  6112  as it is closer to the second shaft-bearing hole  1121 . Moreover, the end of the shaft portion  622  is inserted through the second track hole  1122 . 
     Configuration of the First Energy-Applying Structure 
       FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  are diagrams that illustrate the first energy-applying structure  12 . Specifically,  FIG. 4  is a perspective view when the first energy-applying structure  12  is seen from a first treatment surface  141  that is brought into contact with the living tissue.  FIG. 5  is an exploded perspective view of  FIG. 4 . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 , the first energy-applying structure  12  includes a first cover member  13 , a first heating plate  14 , a first heater  15 , a first adhesive sheet  16 , and the first leads C 1  in pair. 
     The first cover member  13  has substantially a cuboidal shape extending along the central axis Ax of the cylindrical portion  61  (extending in the longitudinal direction (the horizontal direction in  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ) connecting the distal end and the proximal end of the first jaw  11  (the first holding surface  1111 )). Furthermore, at substantially the center position of the first cover member  13  in a width direction, a first recessed portion  131  is provided, extending from one end (the extreme right in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 5 ) of the first cover member  13  to the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the first cover member  13 . 
     Moreover, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the first heating plate  14 , the first heater  15 , and the first adhesive sheet  16  are provided in the first recessed portion  131 . 
     The above-described first cover member  13  is molded with a resin material such as fluorine resin. 
     The first heating plate  14  is an elongated thin plate composed of a material such as copper and extending in the longitudinal direction (the horizontal direction in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 5 ) of the first cover member  13 . Furthermore, while the holding portion  7  holds the living tissue, the first treatment surface  141  (the upper surface in  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 5 ), which is the front surface of the first heating plate  14 , is brought into contact with the living tissue so as to transmit heat from the first heater  15  to the living tissue (apply thermal energy to the living tissue). 
     Here, the planar shape of the first heating plate  14  is specified such that it is substantially the same as the planar shape of the first recessed portion  131 . 
     The first heater  15  functions as a sheet heater that partially generates heat and applies the generated heat to the first heating plate  14 . As illustrated in  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 , the first heater  15  includes a first board  151  and a first wiring pattern  152 . 
     The first board  151  is an elongated sheet composed of polyimide, which is a material with an insulating property and extending in the longitudinal direction of the first cover member  13 . 
     Furthermore, as the material for the first board  151 , not only polyimide but also material with high heat resistance and insulating properties, such as aluminum nitride, alumina, glass, or zirconia, may be used. 
     Here, the width dimension of the first board  151  is specified such that it is slightly smaller than the width dimension of the first heating plate  14 . Furthermore, the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction) of the first board  151  is specified such that it is longer than the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction) of the first heating plate  14 . 
     Moreover, the first board  151  may be composed of an electric conductive material. In such a case, insulating coating may be applied to be electrically insulated from the first wiring pattern  152 . 
     The first wiring pattern  152  is processed of stainless steel (SUS304) that is an electric conductive material, and as illustrated in  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 , it includes a pair of first connecting portions  1521  and a first electric resistance pattern  1522  ( FIG. 5 ). Furthermore, the first wiring pattern  152  is bonded to a first surface  1511  ( FIG. 5 ) of the first board  151  due to thermal compression. 
     Furthermore, as the material for the first wiring pattern  152 , not only stainless steel (SUS304) but also other stainless steel materials (e.g.,  400  series) or electric conductive material such as platinum or tungsten may be used. Moreover, not only the configuration that the first wiring pattern  152  is bonded to the first surface  1511  of the first board  151  due to thermal compression but also the configuration that it is formed on the first surface  1511  due to vapor deposition, or the like, may be used. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 , the first connecting portions  1521  in pair are provided such that they extend in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  with a constant line width and they are faced each other in a width direction of the first board  151 . Furthermore, the first connecting portions  1521  in pair are connected (bonded) to the first leads C 1  in pair, respectively. 
     One end of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is connected (electrically connected) to one of the first connecting portions  1521 , serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width, extends in a U shape that follows the outer edge shape of the first board  151 , and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to the other one of the first connecting portions  1521 . 
     According to the first embodiment, the line width of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is set smaller than the line width of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair. Moreover, the thickness dimension of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair and the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is set to be identical. That is, the resistance value of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  is set larger than the resistance value of the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 . 
     Furthermore, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  generates heat when the control device  3  applies a voltage (applies a current) to the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  through the pair of the first leads C 1 . 
     Here, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  corresponds to a first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 4  or  FIG. 5 , the first adhesive sheet  16  is disposed between the first heating plate  14  and the first heater  15 , and it adhesively attaches the back surface (the surface on the opposite side of the first treatment surface  141 ) of the first heating plate  14  and the first surface  1511  of the first board  151  in a state where part of the first heater  15  protrudes from the first heating plate  14 . The first adhesive sheet  16  is an elongated (elongated shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the first cover member  13 ) sheet having desirable heat conductivity and insulating property, resistance to a high temperature, and adherence property, and it is formed by mixing a filler (non-electric conductive material) having high thermal conductivity, such as alumina, boron nitride, graphite, or aluminum nitride, with epoxy or polyurethane resin. 
     Here, the width dimension of the first adhesive sheet  16  is set to be substantially the same as the width dimension of the first board  151 . Furthermore, the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction) of the first adhesive sheet  16  is set longer than the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction) of the first heating plate  14  and shorter than the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction) of the first board  151 . 
     Furthermore, the first heating plate  14  is provided so as to cover the entire area of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Moreover, the first adhesive sheet  16  is provided so as to cover the entire area of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  and cover part of the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 . Specifically, the first adhesive sheet  16  is provided such that it protrudes to the right side in  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  relative to the first heating plate  14 . Furthermore, the pair of the first leads C 1  is electrically connected to an area of the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  that are not covered with the first adhesive sheet  16 . 
     Configuration of the Second Jaw 
     The second jaw  11 ′ has the same configuration and shape as those of the first jaw  11 , is faced the first jaw  11 , and is pivotally and rotatably supported by the pair of the pivotally support portions  611  through the rotary shaft RA in the posture of the reversed first jaw  11 . 
     As the second jaw  11 ′ has the same structure and shape as those of the first jaw  11 , the same structure as that of the first jaw  11  is attached with the reference numeral having “′” added thereto and its explanation is omitted. 
     Configuration of the Second Energy-Applying Structure 
       FIG. 6  is a diagram that illustrates the second energy-applying structure  12 ′. Specifically,  FIG. 6  is an exploded perspective view of the second energy-applying structure  12 ′ when seen from the side of a second treatment surface  141 ′. 
     The second energy-applying structure  12 ′ has substantially the same configuration and shape as those of the first energy-applying structure  12 , is faced the first energy-applying structure  12 , and is attached to the second holding surface  1111 ′ of the second jaw  11 ′ in the posture of the reversed first energy-applying structure  12 . 
     Specifically, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the second energy-applying structure  12 ′ includes a second cover member  13 ′ (including a second recessed portion  131 ′), a second heating plate  14 ′ (including the second treatment surface  141 ′), a second heater  15 ′ (a second board  151 ′ (including a first surface  1511 ′) and a second wiring pattern  152 ′ (including a pair of second connecting portions  1521 ′ and a second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′)), a second adhesive sheet  16 ′, and the pair of the second leads C 1 ′, which correspond, in the first energy-applying structure  12 , the first cover member  13  (including the first recessed portion  131 ), the first heating plate  14  (including the first treatment surface  141 ), the first heater  15  (the first board  151  (including the first surface  1511 ) and the first wiring pattern  152  (including the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  and the first electric resistance pattern  1522 )), the first adhesive sheet  16 , and the pair of the first leads C 1 . 
     Here, the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ corresponds to a second heat-generating portion according to the disclosure. 
     Here, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 , the second wiring pattern  152 ′ is specified such that the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′ (the first board  151 )) is different from that of the first wiring pattern  152  ( FIG. 5 ). Specifically, in a closed state where the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ are faced each other, the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ are asymmetric with respect to a virtual plane that is positioned between the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ and parallel to the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′. 
     Furthermore, an explanation is given later of the positional relationship between the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ in the closed state where the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ are faced each other. 
     Operation for Opening and Closing the First and Second Jaws 
     Next, operation for opening and closing the above-described first and second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ is explained. 
       FIG. 7  and  FIG. 8  are diagrams that illustrate operation for opening and closing the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′. Specifically,  FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view that corresponds to  FIG. 3 , and it illustrates “the opened state” where the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ are opened.  FIG. 8  is the state that corresponds to  FIG. 3 , and it illustrates a state where the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ are closed, i.e., “the closed state” where the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ are faced each other. 
     In the “opened state” illustrated in  FIG. 7 , when the operator operates the operating knob  51 , the rod  62  moves to the side (the right side in  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ) of the operating handle  5 . Due to the movement of the rod  62 , the shaft portion  622  moves from the left side to the right side in  FIG. 7  or  FIG. 8  within each of the first track holes  6112  and each of the second track holes  1122 ,  1122 ′. 
     Here, each of the first track holes  6112  provided in the cylindrical portion  61  is set so as to extend along the central axis Ax, as described above. Conversely, as described above, the second track hole  1122  provided in the first jaw  11  is set such that its level gradually becomes high relative to each of the first track holes  6112  as it moves to the left side in  FIG. 7  or  FIG. 8 . Furthermore, the second jaw  11 ′ has the posture of the reversed first jaw  11 . Therefore, the level of the second track hole  1122 ′ provided in the second jaw  11 ′ gradually becomes lower relative to each of the first track holes  6112  as it moves to the left side in  FIG. 7  or  FIG. 8 . 
     Therefore, when the shaft portion  622  moves from the left side to the right side in  FIG. 6  or  FIG. 7  within each of the first track holes  6112  and each of the second track holes  1122 ,  1122 ′, it presses the edge portions of the second track holes  1122 ,  1122 ′ during move. Then, the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ rotate around the rotary shaft RA in a direction in which the first and the second energy-applying structures  12 ,  12 ′ move close to each other and finally enters the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 . 
     In the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , when the operator cancels operation of the operating knob  51 , the rod  62  moves from the right side to the left side in  FIG. 7  or  FIG. 8 , contrary to the above. Then, in accordance with the movement of the rod  62 , the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ rotate around the rotary shaft RA in a direction in which the first and the second energy-applying structures  12 ,  12 ′ separate from each other, contrary to the above, and finally enters the “opened state” illustrated in  FIG. 7 . 
     Positional Relationship Between the First and Second Wiring Patterns 
     Next, the positional relationship between the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8  is explained. 
       FIG. 9A  and  FIG. 9B  are diagrams that illustrate the positional relationship between the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ in the closed state where the first and the second holding surfaces  1111 ,  1111 ′ are faced each other. Specifically,  FIG. 9A  is a diagram of the first heater  15  when viewed from the side of the first wiring pattern  152 .  FIG. 9B  is a diagram of the second heater  15 ′ when viewed from the side of the second wiring pattern  152 ′. 
     Here, on the first surface  1511  of the first board  151 , two areas arranged parallel in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  are a first area Ar 1  and a second area Ar 2  ( FIG. 9A ). The first area Ar 1  is positioned at the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 9A ) of the first jaw  11  relative to the second area Ar 2 . 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 9A , the first wiring pattern  152  is provided such that the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  is positioned at the second area Ar 2  and the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is positioned at the first area Ar 1 . 
     Furthermore, in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , a first projection area Ar 1 ′ is the area of the first surface  1511 ′ of the second board  151 ′ onto which the first area Ar 1  is projected, and a second projection area Ar 2 ′ is the area of the first surface  1511 ′ onto which the second area Ar 2  is projected ( FIG. 9B ). 
     Furthermore, as illustrated in  FIG. 9B , the second wiring pattern  152 ′ is provided such that it is positioned at the second projection area Ar 2 ′. That is, the second wiring pattern  152 ′ is not present at the first projection area Ar 1 ′. 
     Therefore, in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is not faced the second wiring pattern  152 ′ (the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′). Furthermore, the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ is opposed to the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 . 
     Configuration of the Control Device and the Foot Switch 
       FIG. 10  is a block diagram that illustrates the configuration of the control device  3 . 
     Here,  FIG. 10  principally illustrates the relevant part of the disclosure as the configuration of the control device  3 . 
     The foot switch  4  receives a first user operation to shift the treatment tool  2  from a standby state (a standby state for giving treatment to the living tissue by stopping the supply of electric power output to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′) to a treatment state (a state for giving treatment to the living tissue by starting the supply of electric power output to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′) by being pressed (ON) by the operator&#39;s foot. Also, the foot switch  4  receives a second user operation to shift the treatment tool  2  from the treatment state to the standby state by the operator&#39;s foot separated (OFF) from the foot switch  4 . Then, the foot switch  4  outputs signals corresponding the first and second user operations to the control device  3 . 
     Moreover, the configuration to receive the first and second user operations is not limited to the foot switch  4 , and a manually operated switch, or the like, may be used. 
     The control device  3  controls overall operations of the treatment tool  2 . As illustrated in  FIG. 10 , the control device  3  includes a first heat drive circuit  31 , a first sensor  32 , a second heat drive circuit  33 , a second sensor  34 , and an applied-current controller  35 . 
     The first heat drive circuit  31  applies a voltage (applies a current) to the first wiring pattern  152  through the pair of the first leads C 1  under the control of the applied-current controller  35 . 
     The first sensor  32  detects the current value and the voltage value supplied (electrically applied) to the first wiring pattern  152  from the first heat drive circuit  31 . Then, the first sensor  32  outputs the signal corresponding to the detected current value and voltage value to the applied-current controller  35 . 
     The second heat drive circuit  33  applies a voltage (applies a current) to the second wiring pattern  152 ′ through the pair of the second leads C 1 ′ under the control of the applied-current controller  35 . 
     The second sensor  34  detects the current value and the voltage value supplied (electrically applied) to the second wiring pattern  152 ′ from the second heat drive circuit  33 . Then, the second sensor  34  outputs signals corresponding to the detected current value and voltage value to the applied-current controller  35 . 
     The applied-current controller  35  includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), or the like, and it controls operation of the treatment tool  2  in accordance with predetermined control programs. 
     More specifically, the applied-current controller  35  switches the treatment tool  2  to the treatment state when the foot switch  4  is turned on (when the foot switch  4  receives the first user operation). Then, the applied-current controller  35  determines the temperature (hereafter, referred to as first heater temperature) of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  and the temperature (hereafter, referred to as second heater temperature) of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ and supplies the necessary output value (electric power value) to each of the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ through the pair of the first leads C 1  and the pair of the second leads C 1 ′ so that the first and the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ,  1522 ′ have the target temperature (executes feedback control). 
     Here, the first and second heater temperatures used for the feedback control are temperatures calculated as described below. 
     Specifically, the resistance value of the first wiring pattern  152  is acquired based on the current value and the voltage value detected by the first sensor  32  (the current value and the voltage value supplied (electrically applied) to the first wiring pattern  152  from the first heat drive circuit  31 ). Then, the resistance value of the first wiring pattern  152  is converted into a temperature by using the relationship between the resistance value and the temperature of the first wiring pattern  152 , previously calculated from experiments, and sets the temperature as the first heater temperature. 
     Furthermore, the resistance value of the second wiring pattern  152 ′ is acquired based on the current value and the voltage value detected by the second sensor  34  (the current value and the voltage value supplied (electrically applied) to the second wiring pattern  152 ′ from the second heat drive circuit  33 ). Then, the resistance value of the second wiring pattern  152 ′ is converted into a temperature by using the relationship between the resistance value and the temperature of the second wiring pattern  152 ′, previously calculated from experiments, and sets the temperature as the second heater temperature. 
     Furthermore, when the foot switch  4  is turned off (when the foot switch  4  receives the second user operation), the applied-current controller  35  switches the treatment tool  2  to the standby state. 
     Operation of the Control Device 
     Next, operation of the above-described control device  3  is explained. 
       FIG. 11  is a flowchart that illustrates operation of the control device  3 . 
     After the operator turns on the power switch (not illustrated) of the control device  3  (Step S 1 : Yes), the applied-current controller  35  switches the treatment tool  2  to the standby state (Step S 2 ). 
     Specifically, at Step S 2 , the applied-current controller  35  stops the supply of electric power output to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ via the first and the second heat drive circuits  31 ,  33 . 
     Then, the operator holds the treatment tool  2  with hand and inserts the distal end part (the holding portion  7  and part of the shaft  6 ) of the treatment tool  2  into the abdominal cavity through the abdominal wall by using a trocar, or the like. Also, the operator operates the operating knob  51  to hold the living tissue, which is the target for treatment, with the holding portion  7 . 
     After Step S 2 , the applied-current controller  35  determines whether the foot switch  4  has been turned on due to the first user operation of the operator (Step S 3 ). 
     When it is determined that the foot switch  4  has been turned off (or the off state continues) due to the second user operation of the operator (Step S 3 : No), the control device  3  returns to Step S 1 . 
     Conversely, when it is determined that the foot switch  4  has been turned on (or the on state continues) (Step S 3 : Yes), the applied-current controller  35  switches the treatment tool  2  to the treatment state (Step S 4  to S 12 ). 
     First, the applied-current controller  35  determines whether the output power supplied to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ is zero (Step S 4 ). 
     When it is determined that the output power supplied to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ is zero (Step S 4 : Yes), the applied-current controller  35  supplies the minimum output power (e.g., 0.1 W) to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ via the first and the second heat drive circuits  31 ,  33  so as to calculate the first and second heater temperatures (detect the current value and the voltage value with the first and the second sensors  32 ,  34 ) (Step S 5 ). 
     When it is determined that the output power supplied to the first and the second wiring patterns  152 ,  152 ′ is not zero (Step S 4 : No) or after Step S 5 , the applied-current controller  35  calculates the first and second heater temperatures based on the current value and the voltage value detected by the first and the second sensors  32 ,  34  (Step S 6 ). 
     After Step S 6 , the applied-current controller  35  determines whether the first heater temperature has become the target temperature (the first heater temperature has reached the target temperature) (Step S 7 ). 
     When it is determined that the first heater temperature has not become the target temperature (Step S 7 : No), the applied-current controller  35  calculates first power by using the first heater temperature (Step S 8 ). Here, for calculation of the first power, typical PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) control, or the like, is used. Then, after Step S 8 , the applied-current controller  35  outputs (supplies) the first power to the first wiring pattern  152  via the first heat drive circuit  31  (Step S 9 ). 
     When it is determined that the first heater temperature has become the target temperature (Step S 7 : Yes) or after Step S 9 , the applied-current controller  35  determines whether the second heater temperature has become the target temperature (the second heater temperature has reached the target temperature) (Step S 10 ). 
     When it is determined that the second heater temperature has not become the target temperature (Step S 10 : No), the applied-current controller  35  calculates second power by using the second heater temperature (Step S 11 ). Furthermore, for calculation of the second power, typical PID control, or the like, is used as is the case with calculation of the first power. Then, after Step S 11 , the applied-current controller  35  outputs (supplies) the second power to the second wiring pattern  152 ′ via the second heat drive circuit  33  (Step S 12 ). 
     When it is determined that the second heater temperature has become the target temperature (Step S 10 : Yes) or after Step S 12 , the control device  3  returns to Step S 3 . 
     Due to the above-described feedback control, each of the first and the second heating plates  14 ,  14 ′ is heated, and the heat of the first and the second heating plates  14 ,  14 ′ gives treatment to the living tissue held by the first and the second heating plates  14 ,  14 ′. 
     In the above-described treatment tool  2  according to the first embodiment, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is provided at the first area Ar 1  on the distal end side. Conversely, the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ is provided at the second projection area Ar 2 ′ on the proximal end side. 
     Therefore, when the living tissue is held by part of the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ on the distal end side (hereafter, described as being held at the distal end side), substantially the entire first electric resistance pattern  1522  is covered with the living tissue. Furthermore, when the living tissue is held by part of the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ on the proximal end side (hereafter, described as being held at the proximal end side), substantially the entire second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ is covered with the living tissue. 
     Therefore, when the above-described feedback control is executed so that the first and the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ,  1522 ′ have the target temperature, the living tissue may be heated at the target temperature in any case when it is held at the distal end side or when it is held at the proximal end side. 
     As described above, with the treatment tool  2  according to the first embodiment, there are advantages such that the living tissue may be heated at the desired temperature and the treatment time may be shortened. 
     Second Embodiment 
     Next, a second embodiment of the disclosure is explained. 
     In the following explanation, the same structure as that in the above-described first embodiment is attached with the same reference numeral, and its detailed explanations are omitted or simplified. 
     A treatment tool according to the second embodiment is different from the treatment tool  2  explained according to the above-described first embodiment in the configurations of the first and the second heaters  15 ,  15 ′. Therefore, only the configurations of the first and second heaters according to the second embodiment are explained below. 
       FIG. 12A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater  15 A according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 12A  is a diagram that corresponds to  FIG. 9A . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12A , the first heater  15 A according to the second embodiment uses a first wiring pattern  152 A having a different shape from the first wiring pattern  152  in the first heater  15  that is explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12A , the first wiring pattern  152 A includes a pair of first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in addition to the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  and the first electric resistance pattern  1522  explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     Furthermore, the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 ) of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair according to the second embodiment is shorter than that of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair explained in the above-described first embodiment, and it is set to be the same length dimension as that of each of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ in pair. Moreover, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  according to the second embodiment corresponds to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure as is the case with the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12A , the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair are provided at the second area Ar 2  such that they are faced each other in a width direction of the first board  151 . Furthermore, one end of one of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  is connected (electrically connected) to one of the first connecting portions  1521 , serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width, extends in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 , and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to one end of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Moreover, one end of the other one of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  is connected (electrically connected) to the other one of the first connecting portions  1521 , serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width (the same line width as that of the one of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 ), extends in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 , and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to the other end of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . 
     According to the second embodiment, the line width of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair is set smaller than the line width of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair and larger than the line width of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Furthermore, the pitch of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair (it is equivalent to the cycle of the waved first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ) is set larger than the pitch of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Moreover, the thickness dimension of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair, the first electric resistance pattern  1522 , and the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair is set to be identical. That is, the resistance value of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  is set larger than the resistance value of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair and smaller than the resistance value of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . 
       FIG. 12B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater  15 A′ according to the second embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 12B  is a diagram that corresponds to  FIG. 9B . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12B , the second heater  15 A′ according to the second embodiment uses a second wiring pattern  152 A′ having a different shape from that of the second wiring pattern  152 ′ in the second heater  15 ′ explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12B , the second wiring pattern  152 A′ includes a second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ in addition to the pair of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ and the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     Furthermore, contrary to the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ explained in the above-described first embodiment, the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ according to the second embodiment is divided into two pieces with the center line in the width direction of the second board  151 ′ as a reference. Moreover, the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ corresponds to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure as is the case with the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 12B , the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ is disposed at the first projection area Ar 1 ′. Furthermore, one end of the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ is connected (electrically connected) to one of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′, serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width, extends in a U shape that follows the outer edge shape of the second board  151 ′, and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to the other one of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′. 
     According to the second embodiment, the line width and the pitch of the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ are set to be the same as those of the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 . Furthermore, the thickness dimension of each of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ in pair, the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ in pair, and the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ is set to be identical. That is, the resistance value of the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′ is set larger than the resistance value of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ in pair and smaller than the resistance value of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ in pair. 
     Moreover, in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is faced the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′. Also, the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ in pair are faced the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair, respectively. 
     The advantage similar to that of the above-described first embodiment is produced when the first and the second heaters  15 A,  15 A′ according to the above-described second embodiment are used. 
     Furthermore, the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523  is disposed at the second area Ar 2  in the first heater  15 A according to the second embodiment. Conversely, in the second heater  15 A′ according to the second embodiment, the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ is disposed at the first projection area Ar 1 ′. 
     For this reason, not only the first electric resistance pattern  1522  but also the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′, which has a temperature lower than that of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 , may apply thermal energy to the living tissue when it is held at the distal end side as described above. Similarly, not only the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ but also the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 , which has a temperature lower than that of the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′, may apply thermal energy to the living tissue when it is held at the proximal end side as described above. 
     Thus, the first and the second heaters  15 A,  15 A′ according to the second embodiment may further reduce the treatment time for the living tissue. 
     Third Embodiment 
     Next, a third embodiment of the disclosure is explained. 
     In the following explanation, the same configuration as that of the above-described first embodiment is attached with the same reference numeral, and its detailed explanations are omitted or simplified. 
     A treatment tool according to the third embodiment is different from the treatment tool  2  explained in the above-described first embodiment in the configurations of the first and the second heaters  15 ,  15 ′. Therefore, only the configurations of the first and second heaters according to the third embodiment are explained below. 
       FIG. 13A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater  15 B according to the third embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 13A  is a diagram that corresponds to  FIG. 9A . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13A , the first heater  15 B according to the third embodiment uses a first wiring pattern  152 B different from the first wiring pattern  152  in the first heater  15  explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13A , the first wiring pattern  152 B includes a first wiring-pattern main body  1520  and a pair of first conductive portions  1524 . 
     The first wiring-pattern main body  1520  is a portion that corresponds to the above-described first wiring pattern  152 , and it includes the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  and the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . 
     Furthermore, the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 ) of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair according to the third embodiment is shorter than that of each of the first connecting portions  1521  in pair explained in the above-described first embodiment, and the length dimension is set to be the same as that of each of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ in pair. Moreover, the length dimension (the length dimension in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 ) of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  according to the third embodiment is longer than that of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  explained in the above-described first embodiment, and it is formed such that it extends across the first and the second areas Ar 1 , Ar 2 . 
     The pair of the first conductive portions  1524  is made of an electric conductive material, such as gold, silver, copper, or nickel (a material with a higher conductivity (a lower electric resistance value) than the first wiring-pattern main body  1520 ), and as illustrated in a diagonal line in  FIG. 13A , and it is formed by plating or electrocasting on the first electric resistance pattern  1522  at the area that corresponds to the second area Ar 2 . 
     Specifically, the resistance value per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  is smaller in this order: a portion  1522 B of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  where the pair of the first conductive portions  1524  is not formed, the portion of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  where the pair of the first conductive portions  1524  are formed, and the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 . Furthermore, the portion  1522 B corresponds to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure (hereafter, the portion  1522 B is described as the first heat-generating portion  1522 B). Furthermore, the portion of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  where the pair of the first conductive portions  1524  is formed corresponds to the first auxiliary heat-generating portion according to the disclosure. That is, the pair of the first conductive portions  1524  is provided at the area of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  other than the first heat-generating portion  1522 B. 
       FIG. 13B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater  15 B′ according to the third embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 13B  is a diagram that corresponds to  FIG. 9B . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13B , the second heater  15 B′ according to the third embodiment uses a second wiring pattern  152 B′ different from the second wiring pattern  152 ′ in the second heater  15 ′ explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 13B , the second wiring pattern  152 B′ includes a second wiring-pattern main body  1520 ′ and a second conductive portion  1524 ′. 
     The second wiring-pattern main body  1520 ′ is of the same material and shape as those of the above-described first wiring-pattern main body  1520 , and it includes the pair of the second connecting portions  1521 ′ and the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′, each corresponding to the pair of the first connecting portions  1521  and the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . 
     The second conductive portion  1524 ′ is made of an electric conductive material, such as gold, silver, copper, or nickel (a material with a higher conductivity (a lower electric resistance value) than the second wiring-pattern main body  1520 ′), and as illustrated in a diagonal line in  FIG. 13B , it is formed by plating or electrocasting on the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ at the area that is positioned at the first projection area Ar 1 ′. 
     Specifically, the resistance value per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′ is smaller in this order: each portion  1522 B′ of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ where the second conductive portion  1524 ′ is not formed, the portion of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ where the second conductive portion  1524 ′ is formed, and the pair of the second connecting portions  1521 ′. Furthermore, the portion  1522 B′ corresponds to the second heat-generating portion according to the disclosure (hereafter, each of the portions  1522 B′ is described as the pair of the second heat-generating portions  1522 B′). Moreover, the portion of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ where the second conductive portion  1524 ′ is formed corresponds to the second auxiliary heat-generating portion according to the disclosure. That is, the second conductive portion  1524 ′ is provided at the area of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′ other than the second heat-generating portion  1522 B′. 
     Furthermore, in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the first heat-generating portion  1522 B is faced the second conductive portion  1524 ′. Moreover, the pair of the second heat-generating portions  1522 B′ is faced the pair of the first conductive portions  1524 . 
     The advantage similar to that of the above-described first and second embodiments is produced when the first and the second heaters  15 B,  15 B′ according to the above-described third embodiment are used. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
     Next, a fourth embodiment of the disclosure is explained. 
     In the following explanation, the same structure as that in the above-described first embodiment is attached with the same reference numeral, and its detailed explanations are omitted or simplified. 
     A treatment tool according to the fourth embodiment is different from the treatment tool  2  explained in the above-described first embodiment in the configurations of the first and the second heaters  15 ,  15 ′. Therefore, only the configurations of the first and second heaters according to the fourth embodiment are explained below. 
       FIG. 14A  is a diagram that illustrates a first heater  15 C according to the fourth embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 14A  is a diagram that corresponds to FIG.  9 A. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14A , the first heater  15 C according to the fourth embodiment uses a first wiring pattern  152 C having a different shape from the first wiring pattern  152  in the first heater  15  explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14A , the first wiring pattern  152 C includes a pair of first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  as well as the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 , the first electric resistance pattern  1522 , and the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  explained in the above-described second embodiment. 
     Here, contrary to the first electric resistance pattern  1522  explained in the above-described second embodiment, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  according to the fourth embodiment is formed such that each end at the proximal end side (the right side in  FIG. 14A ) is located away from the second area Ar 2  by a predetermined distance. Furthermore, contrary to the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523  explained in the above-described second embodiment, the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  according to the fourth embodiment is formed such that each end at the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 14A ) is located away from the first area Ar 1  by a predetermined distance. 
     Moreover, the first electric resistance pattern  1522  according to the fourth embodiment corresponds to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure as is the case with the above-described second embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14A , the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  in pair are provided such that they are faced each other in the width direction of the first board  151 . Furthermore, one end of one of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  is connected (electrically connected) to one of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 , serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width, extends in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 , and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to one end of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Moreover, one end of the other one of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  is connected (electrically connected) to the other one of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 , serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width (the same line width as that of the one of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ), extends in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151 , and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to the other end of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Specifically, the pair of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  is positioned between the first electric resistance pattern  1522  and the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 , and it is provided so as to extend across the first and the second areas Ar 1 , Ar 2 . 
     According to the fourth embodiment, the line width of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  in pair is set smaller than the line width of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair and larger than the line width of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . Furthermore, the pitch of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  in pair (it is equivalent to the cycle of the waved first intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 ) is set larger than the pitch of the first electric resistance pattern  1522  and smaller than the pitch of the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 . Furthermore, the thickness dimension of each of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 , the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  in pair, and the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  in pair is set to be identical. That is, the resistance value of the pair of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  is set larger than that of the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523  and smaller than the resistance value of the first electric resistance pattern  1522 . 
       FIG. 14B  is a diagram that illustrates a second heater  15 C′ according to the fourth embodiment of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 14B  is a diagram that corresponds to  FIG. 9B . 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14B , the second heater  15 C′ according to the fourth embodiment uses a second wiring pattern  152 C′ having a different shape from the second wiring pattern  152 ′ in the second heater  15 ′ explained in the above-described first embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14B , the second wiring pattern  152 C′ includes a pair of second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ as well as the pair of the second connecting portions  1521 ′, the pair of the second electric resistance pattern  1522 ′, and the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ explained in the above-described second embodiment. 
     Furthermore, contrary to the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ explained in the above-described second embodiment, the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ according to the fourth embodiment is formed such that each end at the proximal end side (the right side in  FIG. 14B ) is located away from the second projection area Ar 2 ′ by a predetermined distance. Moreover, contrary to the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ explained in the above-described second embodiment, the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ according to the fourth embodiment is formed such that each end at the distal end side (the left side in  FIG. 14B ) is located away from the first projection area Ar 1 ′ by a predetermined distance. 
     Also, the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ according to the fourth embodiment corresponds to the second heat-generating portion according to the disclosure as is the case with the above-described second embodiment. 
     As illustrated in  FIG. 14B , the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ in pair are provided such that they are opposed to each other in the width direction of the second board  151 ′. Furthermore, one end of one of the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ is connected (electrically connected) to one of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′, serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width, extends in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′, and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to one end of the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′. Moreover, one end of the other one of the second intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 ′ is connected (electrically connected) to the other one of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′, serpentines from the end in a wavelike fashion with a constant line width (the same line width as that of the one of the second intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 ′), extends in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′, and the other end is connected (electrically connected) to the other end of the second auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 ′. That is, the pair of the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ is positioned between the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ and the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′, and it is provided so as to extend across the first and the second projection areas Ar 1 ′, Ar 2 ′. 
     According to the fourth embodiment, the line width and the pitch of the pair of the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ is set to be the same as those of the first intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 . Furthermore, the thickness dimension of each of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ in pair, the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′, and the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ in pair is set to be identical. That is, the resistance value of the pair of the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′ per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the second board  151 ′ is set larger than the resistance value of the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′ and smaller than the resistance value of the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′. 
     Furthermore, in the “closed state” illustrated in  FIG. 8 , the first electric resistance pattern  1522  is faced the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′. Moreover, the pair of the second electric resistance patterns  1522 ′ is faced the pair of the first auxiliary heat-generating portions  1523 . Further, the pair of the first intermediate heat-generating portions  1525  is faced the pair of the second intermediate heat-generating portions  1525 ′. 
     The advantage similar to that of the above-described first and second embodiments is produced when the first and the second heaters  15 C,  15 C′ according to the above-described fourth embodiment are used. 
     Other Embodiments 
     Although the embodiments for implementing the disclosure have been explained above, the disclosure should not be limited to only the above-described first to fourth embodiments. 
     With regard to the opening/closing system for opening and closing the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ according to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, not only the opening/closing system explained in the above-described first to fourth embodiments but also other systems may be used. Specifically, not only the structure for moving (opening/closing) both the first and the second jaws  11 ,  11 ′ as in the above-described first to fourth embodiments but also the structure for moving (opening/closing) one of them while the other one is fixed may be used. 
     According to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, thermal energy is used as energy applied to the living tissue; however, this is not a limitation, and it is possible to use the structure for further applying high-frequency energy or ultrasound energy other than thermal energy to the living tissue. 
     According to the above-described first, second and fourth embodiments, the resistance value per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  is changed by changing the line width or the pitch for the portion  1522 , which corresponds to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure, the first auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 , the first intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 , and the pair of the first connecting portions  1521 ; however, this is not a limitation. The resistance value per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the first board  151  may be changed by, for example, changing any one of the line width and the pitch, changing the thickness dimension, or changing the material. Furthermore, the same holds for the portion  1522 ′, which corresponds to the second heat-generating portion according to the disclosure, the second auxiliary heat-generating portion  1523 ′, the second intermediate heat-generating portion  1525 ′, and the pair of the second connecting portions  1521 ′. 
     According to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the first board  151  may be omitted and the first wiring pattern  152  ( 152 A,  152 B) may be directly mounted on the first holding surface  1111 . In this case, the first jaw  11  is formed of an insulating material in the same manner as the first board  151  or is formed of an electric conductive material and is provided with insulating coating to be electrically insulated from the first wiring pattern  152  ( 152 A,  152 B). Furthermore, the same holds for the second wiring pattern  152 ′ ( 152 A′,  152 B′). 
     According to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, the applied-current controller  35  calculates the first heater temperature based on the resistance value of the first wiring pattern  152 ,  152 A to  152 C in whole when applying current and executes applied-current control on the first wiring pattern  152 ,  152 A to  152 C so that the first heater temperature becomes the target temperature; however, this is not a limitation. For example, the first heater temperature may be calculated based on only the resistance value of the portion  1522 ,  1522 B corresponding to the first heat-generating portion according to the disclosure when applying current and applied-current control may be executed on the first wiring pattern  152 ,  152 A to  152 C so that the first heater temperature becomes the target temperature. Also, with regard to the second heater temperature, the second heater temperature may be calculated based on only the resistance value of the portion  1522 ′,  1522 B′ corresponding to the second heat-generating portion according to the disclosure when applying current and applied-current control may be executed on the second wiring pattern  152 ′,  152 A′ to  152 C′ so that the second heater temperature becomes the target temperature. 
     Furthermore, according to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, when the distal end part (the holding portion  7  and part of the shaft  6 ) of the treatment tool  2  is configured as a disposable portion that is disposed of after use, the distal end part corresponds to the treatment tool according to the disclosure. 
     With the treatment tool and the treatment system according to the disclosure, there are advantages such that the living tissue may be heated with the desired temperature and the treatment time may be reduced. 
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the disclosure in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.