Patent Publication Number: US-2023149261-A1

Title: Sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum and method therefor

Description:
FIELD 
     The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of blood products, in particular relates to a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum and a method therefor. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Various growth factors, vitamins, proteins and the like enriched in the serum of human bodies are approximately identical to components of tear and are similar to natural tear in biological characteristics, and therefore, the serum may be used as a tear substitute, may also provide a good environment for the ocular surface and play a role in repairing the ocular surface, and may be used for treatment of ocular surface diseases and tissue repair after surgical reconstruction. In past 15 years, a large number of research papers have been published, the treated indications mainly including dry eye disease (DED), persistent epithelial defect (PED), ocular graft versus host disease (oGVHD), recurrent corneal erosion (RCE), neurotrophic keratitis (NK) and limbal stem cell deficiency (LSTD) have been continuously increased. There are also some documents which suggest that autoserum is externally used for ear-dripping therapy and ear perforation, and standardized application of the autoserum has been performed in many countries such as America, Australia and the United kingdom. 
     Known by collecting documentations, a preparation process of domestic autoserum eye drops includes: on an empty stomach, collecting 5 ml of ulnar venous blood in a sterile centrifugal tube, keeping standing at normal temperature for 1-2 h, performing centrifugation at the rotating speed of 3500 r/min for 10 min, extracting serum on the upper layer in the centrifugal tube by using a 5 ml disposable sterile syringe, subpackaging the serum into two empty sterile eye drop bottles, storing the bottles into a 4° C. refrigerator for later use, and meanwhile, marking out the bed number, name and autoserum preparation time of a patient. The above-mentioned process is a method frequently used in clinic in China. Although the method is convenient and easy to obtain, no sterility safeguard measures are provided, and meanwhile, the amount of the prepared serum does not conform to the use course of treatment of the autoserum. After two or three days since the serum is used up, a patient still needs to endure the pain caused by drawing blood to repeatedly queue up for drawing blood on an empty stomach, and a patient who is not hospitalized needs to go to hospital and go back repeatedly; and no standardized product has been formed at present. There are the following defects in the above-mentioned operation process: 1, the operation is not sterile operation and is not performed in a sterile laboratory so as not to conform to the standard of large-scale promotion and application; 2, the serum is simple in storage and package so as not to meet the demand on long-term use or is complex in package so as to be inconvenient to use and increase the use cost; 3, the serum needs to be put into cold storage and even frozen in a storage process, and the volume of the serum is increased in the freezing process so that the package is easily damaged; 4, precise serum subpackage cannot be achieved, which causes excessive serum in one part of storage package and insufficient serum in the other part of storage package, and therefore, the serum is not only inconvenient to store, but also inconvenient to precisely and quantitatively use later; and 5, the serum cannot be precisely and quantitatively output, and therefore, the situation that a great deal of serum is wasted occurs in the use process. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure aims at overcoming defects in the prior art to provide a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum and a method therefor, by which a closed-loop preparation and extraction process is adopted, so that direct contact between a sample and air is reduced, the risk of contamination is reduced, and autoserum which can be stored for a long term is prepared; due to the sterility design of the system, equipment investments of a medical institution are reduced, and the preparation and use costs are reduced; a standard operation process is provided by devices, so that the preparation time is shortened; and meanwhile, precise sterile subpackage and precise quantitative liquid output can be achieved, the safe storage of the serum is guaranteed, the waste of the serum and the blood drawing capacity are reduced, and the burden and negative emotion of a patient are relieved. 
     In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present disclosure adopts the technical solutions. 
     Provided is a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, wherein the system includes: a blood collection and separation unit configured to collect venous blood and capable of achieving centrifugal separation of the blood; a serum collection unit cooperating with the blood collection and separation unit and configured to achieve sterile collection of serum; a liquid subpackage unit cooperating with the serum collection unit and configured to achieve precise sterile subpackage of the serum; and a liquid boosting pen configured to achieve precise quantitative liquid output of the serum. 
     Preferably, the blood collection and separation unit includes a container main body, wherein an inner cavity of the container main body is provided with a first piston matched with the inner cavity, a detachable push rod is disposed on the outer side of the first piston, a venous blood collection opening in the bottom of the container main body is provided with a first Luer taper, and the first Luer taper is provided with a blood collection needle or an end cap matched with the first Luer taper; and a skirt part on the top end of the first piston is provided with a notch, and the tail end of the push rod is matched with the notch. 
     Preferably, the serum collection unit includes a syringe and a needle seat used for supporting an injection needle, wherein the front end of the syringe is connected to the injection needle by a medical tee; the needle seat is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure of which the upper and lower bottom surfaces communicate; and a third end of the medical tee is connected to the liquid subpackage unit. 
     Preferably, the liquid subpackage unit includes several subpackage bottles that are connected in series; the subpackage bottle located on the front end is connected to the third end of the medical tee by a second Luer taper, and the subpackage bottle located on the tail end is provided with a first connection hose with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter. 
     Preferably, the subpackage bottle includes a bottle body, wherein the front end of the bottle body is provided with a bottle cap, a rear cover is screwed to the tail end of the bottle body, a second piston is disposed inside the bottle body, and a first spring is disposed between the second piston and the rear cover; a gland is screwed to the outer side of the rear cover, the rear cover and the gland are each provided with a hole, and a filtration membrane is disposed between the rear cover and the gland. 
     Preferably, graduation lines are disposed between the front end and the tail end of the bottle body, and the part, corresponding to the tail ends of the graduation lines, of the bottle body is provided with a connecting end; the bottle cap of the subpackage bottle located on the front end is connected to the second Luer taper by a second connection hose; in two adjacent subpackage bottles, the connecting end of the front subpackage bottle is connected to the bottle cap of the rear subpackage bottle by a third connection hose; and the connecting end of the subpackage bottle located on the tail end is provided with the first connection hose with the 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter. 
     Preferably, the liquid boosting pen includes a pen cap and a pen body supporting tube screwed to the tail end of the pen cap, and an adjustable rear cover is screwed to the tail end of the pen body supporting tube; the bottle body of the subpackage bottle and the second piston disposed inside the bottle body are disposed inside the pen cap and the pen body supporting tube, the second piston is connected to a push rod disposed inside a ratchet tube, continuous ratchet teeth are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube, a push rod positioning frame and a boosting frame are disposed inside the pen body supporting tube, the top of the boosting frame is connected to a button, a second spring is disposed between the button and the pen body supporting tube, and the top end of the button penetrates through the adjustable rear cover; the push rod positioning frame includes a first mounting rack that is snap-fitted in the pen body supporting tube, and positioning push rods disposed at the bottom of the first mounting rack and matched with the continuous ratchet teeth; the boosting frame is disposed on the inner side of the push rod positioning frame and includes boosting push rods matched with the continuous ratchet teeth, and a second mounting rack is disposed on the tops of the boosting push rods; and the front end of the bottle body penetrates through the top of the pen cap. 
     Preferably, the continuous ratchet teeth are disposed on the two corresponding sides of the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube, the push rod positioning frame includes the two positioning push rods respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth located on the two sides, and the boosting frame includes the two boosting push rods respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth located on the two sides; a groove is disposed at the bottom end of the button, and the second mounting rack is snap-fitted in the groove; and a ratchet tube notch is disposed on one side of the lower parts of the continuous ratchet teeth. 
     The present disclosure further provides a method for a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, and the method includes the following steps: 
     step 1: connecting a push rod to a first piston, enabling a blood collection needle to be fixedly connected to a first Luer taper, and after the connection is completed, collecting venous blood; 
     step 2: after the collection of the venous blood is completed, dismounting the blood collection needle from the first Luer taper, and mounting an end cap; and dismounting the push rod from the first piston; 
     step 3: after the push rod and the blood collection needle are dismounted and the end cap is mounted, incubating and centrifuging whole blood in a container main body, and layering centrifuged erythrocytes and serum, wherein the serum is a supernate; 
     step 4: placing a needle seat which is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure at the outer side of the first piston, and enabling an injection needle to penetrate through the upper bottom surface of the needle seat, the lower bottom surface of the needle seat and the first piston to enter the serum serving as the supernate; 
     step 5: adjusting a medical tee to enable a cavity of a syringe to communicate with the container main body, and pressing a barrel of the syringe to enable the serum serving as the supernate to enter the cavity of the syringe via the container main body, the injection needle and the medical tee; 
     step 6: adjusting the medical tee to enable the cavity of the syringe to communicate with a liquid subpackage unit, and boosting a pull rod of the syringe  9  to enable the serum inside the cavity of the syringe to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee; 
     step 7: after enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe to enter the liquid subpackage unit in step 6 is completed, completing subpackage; and after the subpackage is completed, disassembling the liquid subpackage unit into several subpackage bottles, and performing storage in a low-temperature or freezing manner; 
     step 8: when the serum needs to be used, enabling positioning push rods and boosting push rods to be matched with ratchet teeth located on the same position on a ratchet tube; putting a bottle body into a pen cap, and connecting a push rod inside the ratchet tube to a second piston in the bottle body; and meanwhile, screwing the pen cap to a pen body supporting tube, mounting a second spring and a button, and finally, screwing an adjustable rear cover to the pen body supporting tube; 
     step 9: placing the bottle body on the top of the pen cap above a position where the serum needs to be dripped, manually pressing the button, driving, by the button, a boosting frame to move towards the pen cap end, pushing, by the top ends of the boosting push rods, the ratchet tube  32  to advance via the ratchet teeth, and pushing, by the push rod in the ratchet tube, the second piston to move towards the front end of the bottle body to quantitatively output the serum; 
     step 10: when the above-mentioned boosting push rods push the ratchet tube to advance, keeping the positions of the positioning push rods unchanged, and enabling the top ends of the positioning push rods to enter the next ratchet teeth of continuous ratchet teeth; after the quantitative output of the serum is completed, releasing the button to enable the button to be restored under the action of the second spring, keeping the positions of the positioning push rods for fixing the ratchet tube unchanged in a restoring process, and enabling the boosting push rods to be restored under the driving of the button and enter the same ratchet teeth which the top ends of the positioning push rods enter, thus completing the overall process of quantitative output of the serum; 
     step 11: after the serum in one subpackage bottle is used up, replacing the subpackage bottle with a new subpackage bottle, wherein top ends of the positioning push rods and the boosting push rods may enter the continuous ratchet teeth via ratchet tube notches during replacement; and 
     step 12: disposing an external thread on the outer circumferential surface of the tail end of the pen body supporting tube, connecting the external thread on the tail end of the pen body supporting tube to an internal thread of the adjustable rear cover, and adjusting the stroke of the second spring by adjusting the distance between the pen body supporting tube and the adjustable rear cover; wherein the shorter the stroke of the second spring, the smaller the amount of the serum output every time, and the longer the stroke of the second spring, the greater the amount of the serum output every time. 
     Preferably, the specific process of enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee in the step 6 is that: the pull rod of the syringe is boosted to enable the serum inside the syringe to enter the subpackage bottle located on the front end, the pressure inside the subpackage bottle is increased, the second piston is pushed to move towards a gland side while the pressure is increased, and when the second piston moves to a first spring, a connecting end is opened; after the connecting end is opened, the serum inside the syringe continuously enters the subpackage bottle located on the front end, and the second piston causes the connecting end to be completely opened under the pressure of the serum and the serum enters the next subpackage bottle; and after filling of all the serum inside the syringe is completed, the subpackage process is ended; 
     in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the outer side of the second piston in each of the subpackage bottles is discharged via a hole in a rear cover, a filtration membrane and a hole in the gland while the pressure at the front end of the second piston is increased; 
     meanwhile, in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the inner side of the second piston enters the subpackage bottle located at the tail end via the subpackage bottle located at the front end and the subpackage bottles located in the middle and is discharged via a first connection hose with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter while the pressure at the front end of the second piston is increased; in the process of discharging the air at the outer side and the inner side of the above-mentioned second piston, it can be ensured that the above-mentioned filling and air discharging are successfully performed at the same time; and after the above-mentioned filling is completed, the serum inside the subpackage bottles is finely adjusted under the action of the first spring so that the subpackage amounts of serum inside all the subpackage bottles are kept identical; and then, the first connection hose, a second connection hose and third connection hoses are subjected to heat sealing by a heat sealing machine to disassemble the subpackage bottles. 
     In the sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum and the method therefor according to the above-mentioned solutions, by disposing the blood collection and separation unit, the direct contact between the serum and the air can be reduced in the preparation and extraction processes, so that not only is the risk of contamination reduced, but also centrifugal separation may also be facilitated (a container body partially put in a centrifugal machine is over-sized or overhigh to affect the centrifugal separation effect); further, by cooperating the serum collection unit with the blood collection and separation unit, not only is the effect of reducing the direct contact between a sample and the air to reduce the risk of contamination achieved, but also the extraction process is more convenient and rapider, and misoperation is avoided; meanwhile, by disposing the liquid subpackage unit and cooperating the liquid subpackage unit with the serum collection unit, the precise quantitative distribution of the serum can be achieved, and when the serum needs to be put into cold storage or frozen, the structure of the liquid subpackage unit can be adjusted in real time, so that the phenomenon that a serum package is damaged is avoided, and the foundation is laid for the quantitative liquid output of the serum later; and by disposing the liquid boosting pen, the phenomenon that the serum is wasted can be effectively solved. The combination of the above-mentioned structures adopts sterile design, by which the investments of medical equipment can be effectively reduced, and the preparation cost and the use cost can be reduced; moreover, closed-loop sterile design is adopted in the overall preparation, extraction, subpackage, storage and use processes, so that the contact between the serum and the air can be effectively avoided to reduce the risk of contamination; the system and the method have the characteristics that the structure is simple, the overall process is simple and controllable, the safe and long-term storage of the serum is guaranteed, the waste of the serum and the blood drawing capacity are reduced, and the burden and negative emotion of a patient are relieved; and meanwhile, the device and the method provided by the present disclosure provide a standardized operation process, and therefore, not only is sterile operation achieved, but also the preparation time can be effectively shortened, and the foundation is laid for the industrialized and standardized preparation of the serum. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a structural schematic diagram of a blood collection and separation unit in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    is a structural schematic diagram of the blood collection and separation unit after whole blood is collected in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  3    is a structural schematic diagram of a push rod in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  4    is a structural schematic diagram of a first piston in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  5    is a structural schematic diagram of a serum collection unit extracting serum in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid subpackage unit in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7    is a structural schematic diagram of a subpackage bottle in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  8    is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid boosting pen in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  9    is a structural schematic diagram of a ratchet tube in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  10    is a structural schematic diagram of a push rod positioning frame in the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  11    is a structural schematic diagram of a boosting frame in the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  12    is a structural schematic diagram of a button in the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     In the drawings: 
       1 . container main body;  2 . first piston;  3 . push rod;  4 . first Luer taper;  5 . blood collection needle;  6 . end cap;  7 . skirt part;  8 . notch;  9 . syringe;  10 . injection needle;  11 . needle seat;  12 . medical tee;  13 . subpackage bottle;  14 . second Luer taper;  15 . 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter;  16 . first connection hose;  17 . bottle body;  18 . bottle cap;  19 . rear cover;  20 . second piston;  21 ; first spring;  22 . gland;  23 . hole;  24 . filtration membrane;  25 . graduation line;  26 . connecting end;  27 . second connection hose;  28 . third connection hose;  29 . pen cap;  30 . pen body supporting tube;  31 . adjustable rear cover;  32 . ratchet tube;  33 . push rod;  34 . continuous ratchet teeth;  35 . push rod positioning frame;  36 . boosting frame;  37 . button;  38 . second spring;  39 . first mounting rack;  40 . positioning push rod;  41 . boosting push rod;  42 . second mounting rack;  43 . groove; and  44 . ratchet tube notch. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely part of embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments which are obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without paying creative work fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  1  to  12   , the present disclosure relates to a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum and a method therefor. The system includes a blood collection and separation unit configured to collect venous blood and capable of achieving centrifugal separation of the blood; a serum collection unit cooperating with the blood collection and separation unit and configured to achieve sterile collection of serum; a liquid subpackage unit cooperating with the serum collection unit and configured to achieve precise sterile subpackage of the serum; and a liquid boosting pen configured to achieve precise and quantitative output of the serum. According to the present disclosure, by disposing the blood collection and separation unit, the collection of whole blood and the centrifugal separation of the whole blood can be achieved, and thus, the preparation of the serum is achieved; and in the preparation process, the collection and centrifugal separation of the whole blood are performed in the same container main body  1 , by which not only is the operation facilitated and the contact between the whole blood and the air reduced, but also centrifugal separation can be directly performed on the whole blood (parts of existing container main bodies are larger in volume), so that the separation efficiency is effectively increased. Further, the blood collection and separation unit cooperates with the serum collection unit, by which the serum can be stably extracted, and the subpackage of the serum can be achieved, the above-mentioned extraction process is stable and reliable, and the closed-loop design for minimizing contact with superfluous medical equipment is adopted, so that the probability that the serum is contaminated is reduced. Furthermore, the serum collection unit cooperates with the liquid subpackage unit, by which the uniform subpackage for the serum can be achieved, which creates conditions for the later storage and use. By disposing the liquid subpackage unit, not only can the uniform subpackage of the serum be achieved, but also the volume inside the liquid subpackage unit can be autonomously adjusted according to the change of the volume of a liquid to avoid fracture caused by volume expansion, so that the purpose of long-term storage is achieved. By disposing the liquid boosting pen and combining the liquid boosting pen and subpackage bottles, not only can the use of the superfluous medical equipment be reduced, but also the quantitative delivery of the serum can be achieved, and therefore, the phenomenon that the serum is wasted in the use process is avoided. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  1  to  4   , the blood collection and separation unit includes a container main body  1 , wherein an inner cavity of the container main body  1  is provided with a first piston  2  matched with the inner cavity, a detachable push rod  3  is disposed on the outer side of the first piston  2 , a venous blood collection opening in the bottom of the container main body  1  is provided with a first Luer taper  4 , and the first Luer taper  4  is provided with a blood collection needle  5  or an end cap  6  matched with the first Luer taper  4 ; and a skirt part  7  on the top end of the first piston  2  is provided with a notch  8 , and the tail end of the push rod  3  is matched with the notch  8 . By disposing the container main body  1 , the collection of whole blood and the separation of serum from the whole blood can be achieved; when the blood collection needle  5  is used, the whole blood is collected; when the end cap  6  is used in the centrifugation process or serum collection process, leakage of the blood can be prevented; and further, by disposing the detachable push rod  3 , the first piston  2  and the push rod  3  can be rapidly dismounted to achieve the purposes of collection and centrifugal separation of whole blood and serum collection in the container main body  1 . 
     With reference to  FIG.  5   , the serum collection unit includes a syringe  9  and a needle seat  11  used for supporting an injection needle  10 , wherein the front end of the syringe  9  is connected to the injection needle  10  by a medical tee  12 ; the needle seat  11  is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure of which the upper and lower bottom surfaces communicate; and a third end of the medical tee  12  is connected to the liquid subpackage unit. By disposing the medical tee  12 , the purposes of serum collection and serum subpackage can be achieved; the medical tee  12  may be directly purchased on the market, so that the structure of the medical tee will not be repeated; the working process is that, when the medical tee  12  is used, it can be ensured that two ways are unclosed and the third way is closed, for example, in the process of collecting the serum, the syringe  9  communicates with the container main body  1 , and the liquid subpackage unit does not communicate with the syringe  9  and the container main body  1 ; when the serum is subpackaged, the syringe  9  communicates with the liquid subpackage unit, and the container main body  1  does not communicate with the syringe  9  and the liquid subpackage unit; further, by disposing the needle seat  11 , the process that the serum is extracted by using the injection needle  10  can be more convenient, rapier and stabler; and thus, the purpose of preventing impurities from entering the serum is achieved. 
     With reference to  FIG.  6   , the liquid subpackage unit includes several subpackage bottles  13  that are connected in series; the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the third end of the medical tee  12  by a second Luer taper  14 , and the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with a first connection hose  16  with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . In the present disclosure, the liquid subpackage unit includes the several subpackage bottles  13  that are connected in series, and the first connection hose  16  with the 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15  on the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is used for discharging air in the subpackage bottle  13  or the hose and stopping contaminants in the external air from entering the system. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  6  to  7   , the subpackage bottle  13  includes a bottle body  17 , wherein the front end of the bottle body  17  is provided with a bottle cap  18 , a rear cover  19  is screwed to the tail end of the bottle body  17 , a second piston  20  is disposed inside the bottle body  17 , and a first spring  21  is disposed between the second piston  20  and the rear cover  19 ; a gland  22  is screwed to the outer side of the rear cover  19 , the rear cover  19  and the gland  22  are each provided with a hole  23 , and a filtration membrane  24  is disposed between the rear cover  19  and the gland  22 . In the present disclosure, the bottle cap  18  is used for liquid inlet, the volume inside the bottle body  17  can be adjusted through cooperation of the second piston  20  and the first spring  21 , the adjustment for the volume not only can achieve the subpackage of the serum, but also can achieve adjustment for the internal volume during cold storage, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the bottle body  17  from being fractured; and further, the holes  23  and the filtration membrane  24  disposed in the present disclosure can achieve the discharge of the air behind the second piston  20 , so that the purpose of reducing the resistance to achieve the rapid subpackage of the serum is achieved. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  6  to  7   , graduation lines  25  are disposed between the front end and the tail end of the bottle body  17 , and the part, corresponding to the tail ends of the graduation lines  25 , of the bottle body  17  is provided with a connecting end  26 ; the bottle cap  18  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the second Luer taper  14  by a second connection hose  27 ; in two adjacent subpackage bottles  13 , the connecting end  26  of the front subpackage bottle  13  is connected to the bottle cap  18  of the rear subpackage bottle  13  by a third connection hose  28 ; and the connecting end  26  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with the first connection hose  16  with the 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . In the present disclosure, by using the graduation lines  25 , the amount of the serum can be monitored, so that the amounts of the serum inside all the bottle bodies  17  are identical, and it is convenient to quantitatively use the serum when the serum is used later. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  8  to  12   , the liquid boosting pen includes a pen cap  29  and a pen body supporting tube  30  screwed to the tail end of the pen cap  29 , and an adjustable rear cover  31  is screwed to the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 ; the bottle body  17  of the subpackage bottle  13  and the second piston  20  disposed inside the bottle body  17  are disposed inside the pen cap  29  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , the second piston  20  is connected to a push rod  33  disposed inside a ratchet tube  32 , continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , a push rod positioning frame  35  and a boosting frame  36  are disposed inside the pen body supporting tube  30 , the top of the boosting frame  36  is connected to a button  37 , a second spring  38  is disposed between the button  37  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , and the top end of the button  37  penetrates through the adjustable rear cover  31 ; the push rod positioning frame  35  includes a first mounting rack  39  that is snap-fitted in the pen body supporting tube  30 , and positioning push rods  40  disposed on the bottom of the first mounting rack  39  and matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; the boosting frame  36  is disposed on the inner side of the push rod positioning frame  35  and includes boosting push rods  41  matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 , and a second mounting rack  42  is disposed on the tops of the boosting push rods  41 ; and the front end of the bottle body  17  penetrates through the top of the pen cap  29 . In the present disclosure, a refill between the pen cap  29  and the pen body supporting tube  30  adopts the subpackage bottle  13  in the serum subpackage process. The above-mentioned process not only can prevent the serum from being contaminated, but also can facilitate the operation. Meanwhile, in the present disclosure, the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41  are disposed, the serum can quantitatively flow out of the bottle body  17  by means of the boosting push rods  41 , and meanwhile, positioning is achieved by the positioning push rods  40 , so that the purpose of restoring the boosting push rods  41  in time is achieved; and due to the cooperation between the above-mentioned positioning push rods  40  and boosting push rods  41 , the serum can be quantitatively pushed out, and it can be ensured that the situation of waste is not easily caused in the process that the serum is used. In addition, in the present disclosure, the adjustable rear cover  31  is further disposed, and the distance between the adjustable rear cover  31  and the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30  decides the delivery amount during quantitative output of the serum; and when the delivery amount needs to be adjusted, the adjustable rear cover  31  can be rotated to change the distance between the adjustable rear cover  31  and the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 , preferably, the outer surfaces of the adjustable rear cover  31  and the pen body supporting tube  30  are provided with graduation or alignment lines, and when a liquid corresponds to the corresponding graduation or alignment lines, it is proven that the liquid output amounts are different, and thus, the purpose of facilitating adjustment of the liquid output amount is achieved. 
     With reference to  FIGS.  8  to  12   , the continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the two corresponding sides of the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , the push rod positioning frame  35  includes the two positioning push rods  40  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides, and the boosting frame  36  includes the two boosting push rods  41  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides; a groove  43  is disposed at the bottom end of the button  37 , and the second mounting rack  42  is snap-fitted in the groove; and a ratchet tube notch  44  is disposed on one side of the lower parts of the continuous ratchet teeth  34 . The ratchet tube notch  44  in the present disclosure can facilitate the entrance or exit of the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41 , so that the purpose of rapidly assembling the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41  after the bottle body  17  is replaced is achieved. 
     The present disclosure further provides a method for a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, and the method includes the following steps: 
     step 1: connecting a push rod  3  to a first piston  2 , enabling a blood collection needle  5  to be fixedly connected to a first Luer taper  4 , and after the connection is completed, collecting venous blood; 
     step 2: after the collection of the venous blood is completed, dismounting the blood collection needle  5  from the first Luer taper  4 , and mounting an end cap  6 ; and dismounting the push rod  3  from the first piston  2 ; 
     step 3: after the push rod  3  and the blood collection needle  5  are dismounted and the end cap  6  is mounted, incubating and centrifuging whole blood in a container main body  1 , and layering centrifuged erythrocytes and serum, wherein the serum is a supemate; 
     step 4: placing a needle seat  11  which is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure at the outer side of the first piston  2 , and enabling an injection needle  10  to penetrate through the upper bottom surface of the needle seat  11 , the lower bottom surface of the needle seat  11  and the first piston  2  to enter the serum serving as the supemate; 
     step 5: adjusting a medical tee  12  to enable a cavity of a syringe  9  to communicate with the container main body  1 , and pressing a barrel of the syringe  9  to enable the serum serving as the supemate to enter the cavity of the syringe  9  via the container main body  1 , the injection needle  10  and the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 6: adjusting the medical tee  12  to enable the cavity of the syringe  9  to communicate with a liquid subpackage unit, and boosting a pull rod of the syringe  9  to enable the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 7: after enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit in step 6 is completed, completing subpackage; and after the subpackage is completed, disassembling the liquid subpackage unit into several subpackage bottles  13 , and performing storage in a low-temperature or freezing manner; 
     step 8: when the serum needs to be used, enabling positioning push rods  40  and boosting push rods  41  to be matched with ratchet teeth located on the same position on a ratchet tube  32 ; putting a bottle body  17  into a pen cap  29 , and connecting a push rod  33  inside the ratchet tube  32  to a second piston  20  in the bottle body  17 ; and meanwhile, screwing the pen cap  29  to a pen body supporting tube  30 , mounting a second spring  38  and a button  37 , and finally, screwing an adjustable rear cover  31  to the pen body supporting tube  30 ; 
     step 9: placing the bottle body  17  on the top of the pen cap  29  above a position where the serum needs to be dripped, manually pressing the button  37 , driving, by the button  37 , a boosting frame  36  to move towards the pen cap  29  end, pushing, by the top ends of the boosting push rods  41 , the ratchet tube  32  to advance via the ratchet teeth, and pushing, by the push rod  33  in the ratchet tube  32 , the second piston  20  to move towards the front end of the bottle body  17  to quantitatively output the serum; 
     step 10: when the above-mentioned boosting push rods  41  push the ratchet tube  32  to advance, keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  unchanged, and enabling the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  to enter the next ratchet teeth of continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; after the quantitative output of the serum is completed, releasing the button  37  to enable the button  37  to be restored under the action of the second spring  38 , keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  for fixing the ratchet tube  32  unchanged in a restoring process, and enabling the boosting push rods  41  to be restored under the driving of the button  37  and enter the same ratchet teeth which the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  enter, thus completing the overall process of quantitative output of the serum; 
     step 11: after the serum in one subpackage bottle  13  is used up, replacing the subpackage bottle  13  with a new subpackage bottle  13 , wherein top ends of the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41  may enter the continuous ratchet teeth  34  via ratchet tube notches  44  during replacement; and 
     step  12 : disposing an external thread on the outer circumferential surface of the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 , connecting the external thread on the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30  to an internal thread of the adjustable rear cover  31 , and adjusting the stroke of the second spring  38  by adjusting the distance between the pen body supporting tube  30  and the adjustable rear cover  31 ; wherein the shorter the stroke of the second spring  38 , the smaller the amount of the serum output every time, and the longer the stroke of the second spring  38 , the greater the amount of the serum output every time. It needs to be noted that the stroke of the second spring  38  in the step is preferably adjusted to be an integral multiple of the distance between the adjacent ratchet teeth, that is, the stroke of the second spring  38  is: n+a, n+ 2   a , n+ 3   a , etc., and the above-mentioned n is the shortest stroke of the second spring  38 , and a is the distance between the adjacent ratchet teeth. 
     Preferably, the specific process of enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee  12  in the step 6 is that: the pull rod of the syringe  9  is boosted to enable the serum inside the syringe  9  to enter the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end, the pressure inside the subpackage bottle  13  is increased, the second piston  20  is pushed to move towards a gland  22  side while the pressure is increased, and when the second piston  20  moves to a first spring  21 , a connecting end  26  is opened; after the connecting end  26  is opened, the serum inside the syringe  9  continuously enters the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end, and the second piston  20  causes the connecting end  26  to be completely opened under the pressure of the serum and the serum enters the next subpackage bottle  13 ; and after filling of all the serum inside the syringe  9  is completed, the subpackage process is ended; 
     in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the outer side of the second piston  20  in each of the subpackage bottles  13  is discharged via a hole  23  in a rear cover  19 , a filtration membrane  24  and a hole  23  in the gland  22  while the pressure at the front end of the second piston  20  is increased; meanwhile, in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the inner side of the second piston  20  enters the subpackage bottle  13  located at the tail end via the subpackage bottle  13  located at the front end and the subpackage bottles  13  located in the middle and is discharged via a first connection hose  16  with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15  while the pressure at the front end of the second piston  20  is increased; in the process of discharging the air at the outer side and the inner side of the above-mentioned second piston  20 , it can be ensured that the above-mentioned filling and air discharging are successfully performed at the same time; and after the above-mentioned filling is completed, the serum inside the subpackage bottles  13  is finely adjusted under the action of the first spring  21  so that the subpackage amounts of serum inside all the subpackage bottles  13  are kept identical; and then, the first connection hose  16 , a second connection hose  27  and third connection hoses  28  are subjected to heat sealing by a heat sealing machine to disassemble the subpackage bottles  13 . 
     The blood collection and separation unit, the serum collection unit, the liquid subpackage unit and the liquid boosting pen provided in the present disclosure jointly constitute an integral technical solution by which whole blood collection, centrifugal preparation, serum extraction, serum subpackage and storage as well as quantitative use of the serum can be achieved as a whole. Closed-loop sterile design is adopted in the above-mentioned process, so that the contact between the serum (or whole blood) and the air can be effectively avoided to reduce the risk of contamination; and a standardized operation process is provided, and therefore, not only is sterile operation achieved, but also the preparation time can be effectively shortened, and the foundation is laid for the industrialized and standardized preparation of the serum. Meanwhile, for each of the above-mentioned units, the blood collection and separation unit can achieve whole blood collection and the centrifugal preparation of the serum, the serum collection unit can achieve the serum collection and cooperate for serum subpackage, the liquid subpackage unit not only can achieve the uniform subpackage of the serum and long-term storage under the condition that the volume of the serum is changed, but also can be used as a refill of the liquid boosting pen; and further, the liquid boosting pen has the characteristics that the quantitative output of the serum can be achieved, not only is the usage amount of the serum reduced, but also the frequency of drawing blood and performing centrifugal separation by using the blood collection and separation unit can be reduced, meanwhile, the blood volume can be effectively reduced, and the burden and negative emotion of a patient are relieved. By using the above-mentioned equipment, the preparation and extraction, the subpackage and cold storage as well as the use of the serum form a whole, the structure is simple, the overall process is simple and controllable, the sterile operation for the serum is achieved, the safe and long-term storage of the serum is guaranteed, the waste of the serum is reduced, and the foundation is laid for the industrialized and standardized preparation of the serum. 
     In order to explain the present disclosure in more detail, the present disclosure will now be further described in combination with embodiments. Specific embodiments are shown as follows. 
     Embodiment 1 
     Provided is a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, wherein the system includes: a blood collection and separation unit configured to collect venous blood and capable of achieving centrifugal separation of the blood; a serum collection unit cooperating with the blood collection and separation unit and configured to achieve sterile collection of serum; a liquid subpackage unit cooperating with the serum collection unit and configured to achieve precise sterile subpackage of the serum; and a liquid boosting pen configured to achieve precise quantitative output of the serum. 
     Further, the blood collection and separation unit includes a container main body  1 , wherein an inner cavity of the container main body  1  is provided with a first piston  2  matched with the inner cavity, a detachable push rod  3  is disposed on the outer side of the first piston  2 , a venous blood collection opening in the bottom of the container main body  1  is provided with a first Luer taper  4 , and the first Luer taper  4  is provided with a blood collection needle  5  or an end cap  6  matched with the first Luer taper  4 ; and a skirt part  7  on the top end of the first piston  2  is provided with a notch  8 , and the tail end of the push rod  3  is matched with the notch  8 . 
     Further, the serum collection unit includes a syringe  9  and a needle seat  11  used for supporting an injection needle  10 , wherein the front end of the syringe  9  is connected to the injection needle  10  by a medical tee  12 ; the needle seat  11  is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure of which the upper and lower bottom surfaces communicate; and a third end of the medical tee  12  is connected to the liquid subpackage unit. 
     Further, the liquid subpackage unit includes several subpackage bottles  13  that are connected in series; the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the third end of the medical tee  12  by a second Luer taper  14 , and the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with a first connection hose  16  with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . 
     Further, each of the subpackage bottles  13  includes a bottle body  17 , wherein the front end of the bottle body  17  is provided with a bottle cap  18 , a rear cover  19  is screwed to the tail end of the bottle body  17 , a second piston  20  is disposed inside the bottle body  17 , and a first spring  21  is disposed between the second piston  20  and the rear cover  19 ; a gland  22  is screwed to the outer side of the rear cover  19 , the rear cover  19  and the gland  22  are each provided with a hole  23 , and a filtration membrane  24  is disposed between the rear cover  19  and the gland  22 . 
     Further, graduation lines  25  are disposed between the front end and the tail end of the bottle body  17 , and the part, corresponding to the tail ends of the graduation lines  25 , of the bottle body  17  is provided with a connecting end  26 ; the bottle cap  18  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the second Luer taper  14  by a second connection hose  27 ; in two adjacent subpackage bottles  13 , the connecting end  26  of the front subpackage bottle  13  is connected to the bottle cap  18  of the rear subpackage bottle  13  by a third connection hose  28 ; and the connecting end  26  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with the first connection hose  16  with the 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . 
     Further, the liquid boosting pen includes a pen cap  29  and a pen body supporting tube  30  screwed to the tail end of the pen cap  29 , and an adjustable rear cover  31  is screwed to the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 ; the bottle body  17  of the subpackage bottle  13  and the second piston  20  disposed inside the bottle body  17  are disposed inside the pen cap  29  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , the second piston  20  is connected to a push rod  33  disposed inside a ratchet tube  32 , continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , a push rod positioning frame  35  and a boosting frame  36  are disposed inside the pen body supporting tube  30 , the top of the boosting frame  36  is connected to a button  37 , a second spring  38  is disposed between the button  37  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , and the top end of the button  37  penetrates through the adjustable rear cover  31 ; the push rod positioning frame  35  includes a first mounting rack  39  that is snap-fitted in the pen body supporting tube  30 , and positioning push rods  40  disposed on the bottom of the first mounting rack  39  and matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; the boosting frame  36  is disposed on the inner side of the push rod positioning frame  35  and includes boosting push rods  41  matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 , and a second mounting rack  42  is disposed on the tops of the boosting push rods  41 ; and the front end of the bottle body  17  penetrates through the top of the pen cap  29 . 
     Further, the continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the two corresponding sides of the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , the push rod positioning frame  35  includes the two positioning push rods  40  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides, and the boosting frame  36  includes the two boosting push rods  41  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides; a groove  43  is disposed at the bottom end of the button  37 , and the second mounting rack  42  is snap-fitted in the groove; and a ratchet tube notch  44  is disposed on one side of the lower parts of the continuous ratchet teeth  34 . 
     The present disclosure further provides a method for a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, and the method includes the following steps: 
     step 1: connecting a push rod  3  to a first piston  2 , enabling a blood collection needle  5  to be fixedly connected to a first Luer taper  4 , and after the connection is completed, collecting venous blood; 
     step 2: after the collection of the venous blood is completed, dismounting the blood collection needle  5  from the first Luer taper  4 , and mounting an end cap  6 ; and dismounting the push rod  3  from the first piston  2 ; 
     step 3: after the push rod  3  and the blood collection needle  5  are dismounted and the end cap  6  is mounted, incubating and centrifuging whole blood in a container main body  1 , and layering centrifuged erythrocytes and serum, wherein the serum is a supernate; 
     step 4: placing a needle seat  11  which is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure at the outer side of the first piston  2 , and enabling an injection needle  10  to penetrate through the upper bottom surface of the needle seat  11 , the lower bottom surface of the needle seat  11  and the first piston  2  to enter the serum serving as the supernate; 
     step 5: adjusting a medical tee  12  to enable a cavity of a syringe  9  to communicate with the container main body  1 , and a barrel of the syringe  9  is pressed to enable the serum serving as the supernate to enter the cavity of the syringe  9  via the container main body  1 , the injection needle  10  and the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 6: adjusting the medical tee  12  to enable the cavity of the syringe  9  to communicate with a liquid subpackage unit, and boosting a pull rod of the syringe  9  to enable the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 7: after enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit in step 6 is completed, completing subpackage; and after the subpackage is completed, disassembling the liquid subpackage unit into several subpackage bottles  13 , and performing storage in a low-temperature or freezing manner; 
     step 8: when the serum needs to be used, enabling positioning push rods  40  and boosting push rods  41  to be matched with ratchet teeth located on the same position on a ratchet tube  32 ; putting a bottle body  17  into a pen cap  29 , and connecting a push rod  33  inside the ratchet tube  32  to a second piston  20  in the bottle body  17 ; and meanwhile, screwing the pen cap  29  to a pen body supporting tube  30 , mounting a second spring  38  and a button  37 , and finally, screwing an adjustable rear cover  31  to the pen body supporting tube  30 ; 
     step 9: placing the bottle body  17  on the top of the pen cap  29  above a position where the serum needs to be dripped, manually pressing the button  37 , driving, by the button  37 , a boosting frame  36  to move towards the pen cap  29  end, pushing, by the top ends of the boosting push rods  41 , the ratchet tube  32  to advance via the ratchet teeth, and pushing, by the push rod  33  in the ratchet tube  32 , the second piston  20  to move towards the front end of the bottle body  17  to quantitatively output the serum; 
     step 10: when the above-mentioned boosting push rods  41  push the ratchet tube  32  to advance, keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  unchanged, and enabling the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  to enter the next ratchet teeth of continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; after the quantitative output of the serum is completed, releasing the button  37  to enable the button  37  to be restored under the action of the second spring  38 , keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  for fixing the ratchet tube  32  unchanged in a restoring process, and enabling the boosting push rods  41  to be restored under the driving of the button  37  and enter the same ratchet teeth which the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  enter, thus completing the overall process of quantitative output of the serum; 
     step 11: after the serum in one subpackage bottle  13  is used up, replacing the subpackage bottle  13  with a new subpackage bottle  13 , wherein top ends of the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41  may enter the continuous ratchet teeth  34  via ratchet tube notches  44  during replacement; and 
     step 12: disposing an external thread on the outer circumferential surface of the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 , connecting the external thread on the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30  to an internal thread of the adjustable rear cover  31 , and adjusting the stroke of the second spring  38  by adjusting the distance between the pen body supporting tube  30  and the adjustable rear cover  31 ; wherein the shorter the stroke of the second spring  38 , the smaller the amount of the serum output every time, and the longer the stroke of the second spring  38 , the greater the amount of the serum output every time. 
     Embodiment 2 
     Provided is a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, wherein the system includes: a blood collection and separation unit configured to collect venous blood and capable of achieving centrifugal separation of blood; a serum collection unit cooperating with the blood collection and separation unit and configured to achieve sterile collection of serum; a liquid subpackage unit cooperating with the serum collection unit and configured to achieve precise sterile subpackage of the serum; and a liquid boosting pen configured to achieve precise quantitative output of the serum. 
     Further, the blood collection and separation unit includes a container main body  1 , wherein an inner cavity of the container main body  1  is provided with a first piston  2  matched with the inner cavity, a detachable push rod  3  is disposed on the outer side of the first piston  2 , a venous blood collection opening in the bottom of the container main body  1  is provided with a first Luer taper  4 , and the first Luer taper  4  is provided with a blood collection needle  5  or an end cap  6  matched with the first Luer taper  4 ; and a skirt part  7  on the top end of the first piston  2  is provided with a notch  8 , and the tail end of the push rod  3  is matched with the notch  8 . 
     Further, the serum collection unit includes a syringe  9  and a needle seat  11  used for supporting an injection needle  10 , wherein the front end of the syringe  9  is connected to the injection needle  10  by a medical tee  12 ; the needle seat  11  is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure of which the upper and lower bottom surfaces communicate; and a third end of the medical tee  12  is connected to the liquid subpackage unit. 
     Further, the liquid subpackage unit includes several subpackage bottles  13  that are connected in series; the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the third end of the medical tee  12  by a second Luer taper  14 , and the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with a first connection hose  16  with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . 
     Further, each of the subpackage bottles  13  includes a bottle body  17 , wherein the front end of the bottle body  17  is provided with a bottle cap  18 , a rear cover  19  is screwed to the tail end of the bottle body  17 , a second piston  20  is disposed inside the bottle body  17 , and a first spring  21  is disposed between the second piston  20  and the rear cover  19 ; a gland  22  is screwed to the outer side of the rear cover  19 , the rear cover  19  and the gland  22  are each provided with a hole  23 , and a filtration membrane  24  is disposed between the rear cover  19  and the gland  22 . 
     Further, graduation lines  25  are disposed between the front end and the tail end of the bottle body  17 , and the part, corresponding to the tail ends of the graduation lines  25 , of the bottle body  17  is provided with a connecting end  26 ; the bottle cap  18  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end is connected to the second Luer taper  14  by a second connection hose  27 ; in two adjacent subpackage bottles  13 , the connecting end  26  of the front subpackage bottle  13  is connected to the bottle cap  18  of the rear subpackage bottle  13  by a third connection hose  28 ; and the connecting end  26  of the subpackage bottle  13  located on the tail end is provided with the first connection hose  16  with the 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15 . 
     Further, the liquid boosting pen includes a pen cap  29  and a pen body supporting tube  30  screwed to the tail end of the pen cap  29 , and an adjustable rear cover  31  is screwed to the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 ; the bottle body  17  of the subpackage bottle  13  and the second piston  20  disposed inside the bottle body  17  are disposed inside the pen cap  29  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , the second piston  20  is connected to a push rod  33  disposed inside a ratchet tube  32 , continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , a push rod positioning frame  35  and a boosting frame  36  are disposed inside the pen body supporting tube  30 , the top of the boosting frame  36  is connected to a button  37 , a second spring  38  is disposed between the button  37  and the pen body supporting tube  30 , and the top end of the button  37  penetrates through the adjustable rear cover  31 ; the push rod positioning frame  35  includes a first mounting rack  39  that is snap-fitted in the pen body supporting tube  30 , and positioning push rods  40  disposed on the bottom of the first mounting rack  39  and matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; the boosting frame  36  is disposed on the inner side of the push rod positioning frame  35  and includes boosting push rods  41  matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34 , and a second mounting rack  42  is disposed on the tops of the boosting push rods  41 ; and the front end of the bottle body  17  penetrates through the top of the pen cap  29 . 
     Further, the continuous ratchet teeth  34  are disposed on the two corresponding sides of the outer circumferential surface of the ratchet tube  32 , the push rod positioning frame  35  includes the two positioning push rods  40  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides, and the boosting frame  36  includes the two boosting push rods  41  respectively matched with the continuous ratchet teeth  34  located on the two sides; a groove  43  is disposed at the bottom end of the button  37 , and the second mounting rack  42  is snap-fitted in the groove; and a ratchet tube notch  44  is disposed on one side of the lower parts of the continuous ratchet teeth  34 . 
     The present disclosure further provides a method for a sterile preparation, subpackage and output system for serum, and the method includes the following steps: 
     step 1: connecting a push rod  3  to a first piston  2 , enabling a blood collection needle  5  to be fixedly connected to a first Luer taper  4 , and after the connection is completed, collecting venous blood; 
     step 2: after the collection of the venous blood is completed, dismounting the blood collection needle  5  from the first Luer taper  4 , and mounting an end cap  6 ; and dismounting the push rod  3  from the first piston  2 ; 
     step 3: the push rod  3  and the blood collection needle  5  are dismounted and the end cap  6  is mounted, incubating and centrifuging whole blood in a container main body  1 , and layering centrifuged erythrocytes and serum, wherein the serum is a supernate; 
     step 4: placing a needle seat  11  which is of an inverted funnel-shaped cavity structure at the outer side of the first piston  2 , and enabling an injection needle  10  to penetrate through the upper bottom surface of the needle seat  11 , the lower bottom surface of the needle seat  11  and the first piston  2  to enter the serum serving as the supernate; 
     step 5: adjusting a medical tee  12  to enable a cavity of a syringe  9  to communicate with the container main body  1 , and pressing a barrel of the syringe  9  to enable the serum serving as the supemate to enter the cavity of the syringe  9  via the container main body  1 , the injection needle  10  and the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 6: adjusting the medical tee  12  to enable the cavity of the syringe  9  to communicate with a liquid subpackage unit, and boosting a pull rod of the syringe  9  to enable the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee  12 ; 
     step 7: after enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit in step 6 is completed, completing subpackage; and after the subpackage is completed, disassembling the liquid subpackage unit into several subpackage bottles  13 , and performing storage in a low-temperature or freezing manner; 
     step 8: when the serum needs to be used, enabling positioning push rods  40  and boosting push rods  41  to be matched with ratchet teeth located on the same position on a ratchet tube  32 ; putting a bottle body  17  into a pen cap  29 , and connecting a push rod  33  inside the ratchet tube  32  to a second piston  20  in the bottle body  17 ; and meanwhile, screwing the pen cap  29  to a pen body supporting tube  30 , mounting a second spring  38  and a button  37 , and finally, screwing an adjustable rear cover  31  to the pen body supporting tube  30 ; 
     step 9: placing the bottle body  17  on the top of the pen cap  29  above a position where the serum needs to be dripped, manually pressing the button  37 , driving, by the button  37 , a boosting frame  36  to move towards the pen cap  29  end, pushing, by the top ends of the boosting push rods  41 , the ratchet tube  32  to advance via the ratchet teeth, and pushing, by the push rod  33  in the ratchet tube  32 , the second piston  20  to move towards the front end of the bottle body  17  to quantitatively output the serum; 
     step 10: when the above-mentioned boosting push rods  41  push the ratchet tube  32  to advance, keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  unchanged, and enabling the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  to enter the next ratchet teeth of continuous ratchet teeth  34 ; after the quantitative output of the serum is completed, releasing the button  37  to enable the button  37  to be restored under the action of the second spring  38 , keeping the positions of the positioning push rods  40  for fixing the ratchet tube  32  unchanged in a restoring process, and enabling the boosting push rods  41  to be restored under the driving of the button  37  and enter the same ratchet teeth which the top ends of the positioning push rods  40  enter, thus, completing the overall process of quantitative output of the serum; 
     step 11: after the serum in one subpackage bottle  13  is used up, replacing the subpackage bottle  13  with a new subpackage bottle  13 , wherein top ends of the positioning push rods  40  and the boosting push rods  41  may enter the continuous ratchet teeth  34  via ratchet tube notches  44  during replacement; and 
     step 12: disposing an external thread on the outer circumferential surface of the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30 , connecting the external thread on the tail end of the pen body supporting tube  30  to an internal thread of the adjustable rear cover  31 , and adjusting the stroke of the second spring  38  by adjusting the distance between the pen body supporting tube  30  and the adjustable rear cover  31 ; wherein the shorter the stroke of the second spring  38 , the smaller the amount of the serum output every time, and the longer the stroke of the second spring  38 , the greater the amount of the serum output every time. 
     Further, the specific process of enabling the serum inside the cavity of the syringe  9  to enter the liquid subpackage unit via the medical tee  12  in the step 6 is that: the pull rod of the syringe  9  is boosted to enable the serum inside the syringe  9  to enter the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end, the pressure inside the subpackage bottle  13  is increased, the second piston  20  is pushed to move towards a gland  22  side while the pressure is increased, and when the second piston  20  moves to a first spring  21 , a connecting end  26  is opened; after the connecting end  26  is opened, the serum inside the syringe  9  continuously enters the subpackage bottle  13  located on the front end, and the second piston  20  causes the connecting end  26  to be completely opened under the pressure of the serum and the serum enters the next subpackage bottle  13 ; and after filling of all the serum inside the syringe  9  is completed, the subpackage process is ended; 
     in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the outer side of the second piston  20  in each of the subpackage bottles  13  is discharged via a hole  23  in a rear cover  19 , a filtration membrane  24  and a hole  23  in the gland  22  while the pressure at the front end of the second piston  20  is increased; meanwhile, in the above-mentioned filling process, the air at the inner side of the second piston  20  enters the subpackage bottle  13  located at the tail end via the subpackage bottle  13  located at the front end and the subpackage bottles  13  located in the middle and is discharged by a first connection hose  16  with a 0.2 μm-pore-size bacteriostatic filter  15  while the pressure at the front end of the second piston  20  is increased; in the process of discharging the air at the outer side and the inner side of the above-mentioned second piston  20 , it can be ensured that the above-mentioned filling and air discharging are successfully performed at the same time; and after the above-mentioned filling is completed, the serum inside the subpackage bottles  13  is finely adjusted under the action of the first spring  21  so that the subpackage amounts of serum inside all the subpackage bottles  13  are kept identical; and then, the first connection hose  16 , a second connection hose  27  and third connection hoses  28  are subjected to heat sealing by a heat sealing machine to disassemble the subpackage bottles  13 . 
     In the descriptions of the present disclosure, it needs to be noted that the terms “mounted”, “connected” and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise specified and defined, for example, “connection” may be fixed connection or detachable connection or integrated connection, may be mechanical connection or electrical connection, may be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and may be internal connection of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present disclosure may be understood according to specific situations. 
     The above-mentioned embodiments are merely used to describe the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit the technical solutions. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the technical solutions recorded in all the above-mentioned embodiments may still be modified, or parts of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essences of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions in all the embodiments of the present disclosure.