Patent Publication Number: US-2023146396-A1

Title: Resolver

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to a resolver, which is suitably used when a displacement amount (rotation angle) of a rotating body is detected, by including an excitation winding and a detection winding. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Conventionally, a resolver having excitation windings in two phases provided by being fixed to spatial positions with a phase difference by an electric angle of 90° and to which excitation signals are input and a detection winding provided on a rotating shaft and from which a detection signal is output, in which a rotation angle of the rotating shaft is detected from the phase difference between the excitation signal and the detection signal is known. In this type of resolver, supposing that the rotation angle of the rotating shaft is θ, one of the phases of the excitation winding is sin θ and the other phase is cos θ. Here, when the excitation signals (A·sin ωt) and (A·cos ωt) with the phases different by 90° are given to the excitation windings, the detection signal output from the detection winding is V=(A·sin ωt·cos θ)+(A·cos ωt·sin θ)=A·sin (ωt+θ), and since the detection signal whose phase is changed in accordance with the rotation angle of the rotating shaft, the rotation angle θ of the rotating shaft can be acquired from the phase difference between the excitation signals and the detection signal. 
     On the other hand, the applicant has already proposed a resolver which can realize higher detection accuracy by using a demodulation signal and can achieve size reduction, weight reduction, and cost reduction at the same time in Patent Literature 1. This resolver has the excitation winding to which the excitation signal is input and the detection winding from which the detection signal is output, and when a resolver, which detects a displacement amount of a receiving body on the basis of the detection signal changing in accordance with the displacement amount of the receiving body on which the excitation winding or the detection winding is provided, is to be configured, a modulation signal obtained by modulating a high-frequency signal by the excitation signal is input to the excitation winding, and the detection signal is obtained by demodulating the modulation signal output from the detection winding. 
     PRIOR ART PUBLICATIONS 
     Patent Publications 
     Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2000-292205 
     DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 
     Problem Solved by the Invention 
     However, the resolver in the aforementioned Patent Literature 1 has the following problems to be further improved from a viewpoint of size reduction or particularly super size-reduction. 
     That is, in this type of the resolver, when the excitation winding and the detection winding are to be configured, they are configured by a coil pattern in a rectangular wave shape along a circumferential direction by combining a conductor portion in the circumferential direction and a conductor portion in a radial direction, but when a small-sized resolver or particularly a super small-sized resolver with a diameter of approximately 5 [mm] is to be realized, it is necessary to set a pitch between the conductors in the radial direction in the coil pattern to approximately 0.5 [mm] and the number of poles in one circle to approximately 32 poles (the number of pole pairs is 16) by this pitch. Normally, the larger the number of poles becomes, the higher detection accuracy can be realized, but on the other hand, since preciseness is required for machining accuracy, a manufacturing cost cannot be ignorable, and there is a problem that the accuracy could be rather lowered due to limitation on the machining. 
     In the end, in order to achieve size reduction (super size-reduction) of the resolver, since the increase of the number of poles, while a cost merit is ensured, is limited, there has been a problem to be solved that demand for higher detection accuracy and moreover for higher stability and higher reliability cannot be sufficiently satisfied. 
     The present invention has an object to provide a resolver which solves the problems as above which are present in the background art. 
     Means for Solving the Problem 
     In order to solve the problems described above, the present invention is characterized in that, when such a resolver  1  is to be configured including a fixed body  4  and a rotating body  5  disposed coaxially, excitation signals Sx, Sy being input to a pair of excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  disposed on the fixed body  4  with predetermined electrical phases D made different, and a displacement amount θ of the rotating body  5  being detected on the basis of a detection signal So output from a detection winding  3 , the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  configured in a multipolar mode are disposed coaxially with the fixed body  4 , a plurality of sets (M 1 , M 2 ) of intermediate rotating windings M 1  . . . configured in the multipolar mode and by a pair of winding portions Mx 1 , My 1  . . . with the predetermined electrical phases D made different are disposed coaxially with the rotating body  5 , and the winding portions in the same phase (Mx 1  and Mx 2 , My 1  and My 2 ) of the plurality of sets of intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are connected, respectively, so as to form closed circuits H . . . . 
     In this case, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be so configured that the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  are configured in a disc shape B, respectively, the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  are disposed at different positions in a radial direction Fd of the fixed body  4 , and the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are disposed by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 , or it may be so configured that the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  are configured in a cylindrical shape R, respectively, the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  are disposed at different positions in an axial direction Fc of the fixed body  4 , and the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are disposed by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 . On the other hand, on the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5 , position-detection windings Xp, Xm that detect a reference position of the rotating body  5  can be provided on a region other than the region on which the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  are disposed. Moreover, the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  can be configured by sheet coils Ci, Cm 1 , Cm 2  in which a pair of coil patterns P, P with the predetermined electrical phases D made different by the multipolar mode formed on a front and a back, respectively, and the detection winding  3  can be formed by a sheet coil Co in which the coil pattern P in the multipolar mode is disposed at least on one of the front and the back. Furthermore, the coil pattern P can be formed in a square wave shape along a circumferential direction Ff by combining conductor portions in the circumferential direction Ff (hereinafter referred to as circumferential conductor portions) Wo . . . , Wi . . . and conductor portions in a radial direction Fd (hereinafter referred to as radial conductor portions) Wm . . . , and width dimensions Lo, Li of the circumferential conductor portions Wo . . . , Wi . . . can be set larger than a width dimension Lm of the radial conductor portions Wm . . . . 
     Advantageous Effects of Invention 
     EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the resolver  1  according to the present invention, having the configuration as above, the following marked effects are exerted. 
     (1) Since the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  configured in the multipolar mode are disposed coaxially with the fixed body  4 , the plural sets (M 1 , M 2 ) of the intermediate rotating windings M 1  . . . configured by the pair of winding portions Mx 1 , My 1  . . . configured in the multipolar mode and with the predetermined electrical phases D made different are disposed coaxially with the rotating body  5 , and the winding portions in the same phase (Mx 1  and Mx 2 , My 1  and My 2 ) of the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are connected so as to form the closed circuits H . . . , respectively, the substantial number of poles can be increased while the machining accuracy is ensured, and the small-sized resolver  1  which can sufficiently satisfy the demand for higher detection accuracy and moreover, higher stability and higher reliability, and particularly the super small-sized resolver  1  with the diameter of approximately 5 [mm] can be easily realized. Moreover, since an output transformer can be excluded by disposing the detection winding  3  on the fixed body  4 , contribution can be made to further size reduction and cost reduction. 
     (2) According to the preferred embodiment, by configuring the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  in the disc shape B, respectively, by disposing the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  at the different positions in the radial direction Fd of the fixed body  4 , and by disposing the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 , particularly an entire thickness in the axial direction Fc can be reduced and thus, a thin-type resolver  1  can be easily obtained. 
     (3) According to the preferred embodiment, by configuring the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  in the cylindrical shape R, respectively, by disposing the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  at the different positions in the axial direction Fc of the fixed body  4 , and by disposing the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 , particularly an entire dimension in the radial direction Fd can be reduced and thus, a narrow-type resolver  1  can be easily obtained, and wirings such as connecting cables and the like can be passed through a space formed inside. 
     (4) According to the preferred embodiment, by providing the position-detection windings Xp, Xm that detect a reference position of the rotating body  5  on the region other than the region on which the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  are disposed in the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5 , an absolute type resolver  1  can be easily constructed by effectively using an unused region such that a mechanical one-rotation position of the rotating body  5  can be accurately detected or the like, for example. 
     (5) According to the preferred embodiment, by configuring the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  by the sheet coils Ci, Cm 1 , Cm 2  in which the pair of coil patterns P, P with the predetermined electrical phases D made different by the multipolar mode formed on the front and the back, respectively, the entire thickness including the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  can be thinned and thus, an optimal form can be embodied in realization of the super small-sized resolver. 
     (6) According to the preferred embodiment, by forming the detection winding  3  by the sheet coil Co in which the coil pattern P in the multipolar mode is disposed at least on one of the front and the back, the entire thickness of the detection winding  3  can be thinned and can be used in combination with the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating winding M 1 , M 2  and thus, an optimal form can be embodied when being combined with the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2 . 
     (7) According to the preferred embodiment, when the coil pattern P is to be formed, by forming it in the square wave shape along the circumferential direction Ff by combining the circumferential conductor portions Wo . . . , Wi . . . , and the radial conductor portions Wm . . . , and by setting the width dimensions Lo, Li of the circumferential conductor portions Wo . . . , Wi . . . larger than the width dimension Lm of the radial conductor portions Wm . . . , electric resistance of the entire coil pattern P can be made smaller and thus, detection efficiency of the resolver  1  can be improved by increasing a generated effective magnetic-flux density. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a principle circuit diagram of a resolver main-body portion of a resolver according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    is a side sectional view illustrating an internal structure of the resolver main-body portion of the resolver. 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic sectional configuration diagram for explaining winding disposition of the resolver. 
         FIG.  4    is a plan view and a back view of a sheet coil used for an intermediate rotating winding (excitation winding) of the resolver. 
         FIG.  5    is a partially extracted enlarged view of the sheet coil used for the resolver. 
         FIG.  6    is an A-A line sectional view in  FIG.  5   . 
         FIG.  7    is a plan view of a magnetic core used for each winding of the resolver. 
         FIG.  8    is a side sectional view illustrating an internal structure of a resolver main-body portion of a resolver according to a modified embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG.  9    is a block circuit diagram of a signal processing portion of the resolver according to this embodiment. 
         FIG.  10    is a timing chart of a signal waveform in each part of the resolver. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       1 : Resolver,  2   x:  Excitation winding,  2   y:  Excitation winding,  3 : Detection winding,  4 : Fixed body,  5 : Rotating body, D: Predetermined electrical phase, Sx: Excitation signal, Sy: Excitation signal, So: Detection signal, θ: Displacement amount, M 1 : Intermediate rotating winding, M 2 : Intermediate rotating winding, Mx 1 : Winding portion, My 1 : Winding portion, Mx 2 : Winding portion, My 2 : Winding portion, B: Disc shape, Fd: Radial direction, R: Cylinder shape, Fc: Axial direction, Xp: Position detection winding, Xm: Position detection winding, P: Coil pattern, Ci: Sheet coil, Cm 1 : Sheet coil, Cm 2 : Sheet coil, Co: Sheet coil, Ff: Circumferential direction, Wo . . . : Circumferential conductor portion (conductor portion), Wi . . . : Circumferential conductor portion (conductor portion), Wm . . . : Radial conductor portion (conductor portion), Lo: Width dimension, Li: Width dimension, Lm: Width dimension, H: Closed circuit 
     BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     Subsequently, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in detail on the basis of the drawings. 
     First, configuration of the resolver  1  according to this embodiment will be described specifically by referring to  FIGS.  1  to  7    and  FIG.  9   . 
     The resolver  1  roughly includes a resolver main-body portion U 1  constituted by a magnetic system and a mechanical system shown in  FIG.  2    and the like and a signal processing portion U 2  constituted by an electric system shown in  FIG.  9   . 
     The resolver main-body portion U 1  includes a casing  21  with a circular plan view (front surface view in the axial direction Fc) having a hollow inside. Inside the casing  21 , a rotating body  5  configured in a disc shape B is accommodated, and at a center position of this rotating body  5 , a rotating shaft  22  protruding forward in the axial direction Fc is fixed. This rotating shaft  22  is rotatably supported by a bearing  23  provided at a center of a front surface portion  21   f  of the casing  21 . And a rear surface portion  21   r  of the casing  21  opposed to this rotating body  5  functions as a fixed body  4  in the disc shape B. 
     Moreover, in a surface of the rotating body  5  opposed to the fixed body  4 , winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a,    24   b,    24   c,  and  24   d  forming four concentric circles with different diameters are formed. That is, from the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   a  with the largest diameter on the outer peripheral side to the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   d  with the smallest diameter on the center side, they are sequentially formed at predetermined intervals in the radial direction Fd. In this case, the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a  and  24   b  are desirably proximate to each other as much as possible. An inside of each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a . . .  is formed by a core accommodating portion on an inner side (bottom portion side) and a coil accommodating portion on an outer side (front surface side). On the other hand, also in a surface of the fixed body  4  opposed to the rotating body  5 , similar winding-accommodating recess grooves  25   a,    25   b,    25   c,  and  25   d  opposed to (faced with) each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a,    24   b,    24   c,  and  24   d,  respectively, are formed. That is, from the winding-accommodating recess groove  25   a  with the largest diameter on the outer peripheral side to the winding-accommodating recess groove  25   d  with the smallest diameter on the center side, they are sequentially formed at predetermined intervals in the radial direction Fd. An inside of each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  25   a . . .  is also formed by a core accommodating portion on an inner side (bottom portion side) and a coil accommodating portion on an outer side (front surface side) similarly to each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a . . . .    
     Subsequently, a magnetic core and a sheet coil accommodated in each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a  ,  25   a . . .  will be described specifically. 
       FIG.  7    illustrates a magnetic core  6   a  accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   a,    25   a,  respectively, and a magnetic core  6   b  accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   b,    25   b,  respectively. Each of the magnetic cores  6   a,    6   b  is formed in a ring shape with a predetermined thickness integrally molded by a magnetic body such as ferrite or the like, for example, and a section thereof is formed in a rectangular shape as shown in  FIG.  2   . Therefore, a core surface in contact with each of the sheet coils Ci . . . , which will be described later, is a flat surface. Moreover, the magnetic cores  6   a  and  6   b  can be formed similarly except a point that the diameters are different. Therefore, the magnetic core  6   a  can be used by preparing two identical magnetic cores and as shown in  FIG.  2   , by accommodating the one magnetic core  6   a  in the core accommodating portion on the inner side of the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   a  (bottom portion side) and the other magnetic core  6   a  in the core accommodating portion on the inner side of the winding-accommodating recess groove  25   a  (bottom portion side). Moreover, the magnetic core  6   b  can be also used, similarly to the magnetic core  6   a,  by preparing two identical magnetic core and by accommodating the one magnetic core  6   b  in the core accommodating portion on the inner side of the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   b  (bottom portion side) and the other magnetic core  6   b  in the core accommodating portion on the inner side of the winding-accommodating recess groove  25   b  (bottom portion side). Though detailed illustration of the magnetic cores  6   c,    6   d  accommodated in the other winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   c,    25   c,    24   d,    25   d  is omitted, they can be formed similarly to the magnetic core  6   a  ( 6   b ) except the point that the diameters are different. 
     Subsequently, specific configuration of the sheet coil Ci constituting the pair of excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  will be described. 
     The sheet coil Ci has, as shown in  FIGS.  4  to  6   , a sheet portion  31  formed by an insulating substrate in a ring shape, and on a front surface (one of surfaces)  31   f  of this sheet portion  31 , a coil portion of the one excitation winding (excitation winding on the sin side)  2   x  by a conductor (copper foil) shown in  FIG.  4 ( a )  is formed, while on a rear surface (the other surface)  31   r  of the sheet portion  31 , a coil portion of the other excitation winding (excitation winding on the cos side)  2   y  by the conductor (copper foil) shown in  FIG.  4 ( b )  is formed. As a result, the sheet coil Ci is entirely constituted as a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). 
     The one excitation winding  2   x  is formed by a multipolar-mode coil pattern P.  FIG.  4    illustrates a case where the number of pole pairs of “16” (32 poles) was selected. In the exemplification, a thickness of the sheet portion  31  is 0.02 [mm], and a thickness of the coil pattern P to be a conductive portion is 0.015 [mm]. The case where the number of pole pairs of “16” was selected is shown, but this number of pole pairs is optional. At the present, the number of pole pairs from “2” to “512” can be assumed, but the number of pole pairs larger than the above number would be assumed to be put into practice in the future. Moreover, the other excitation winding  2   y  is also formed by the multipolar-mode coil pattern P which is the same as that of the one excitation winding  2   x,  and as shown in  FIGS.  4 ( a ),  4 ( b ) , a predetermined electric phase D is made different from that of the one excitation winding  2   x.  Specifically, the electric phase D is set to 90 [°]. As a result, the one excitation winding  2   x  functions as a winding which processes the excitation signal Sx on the sin phase side, which will be described later, while the other excitation winding  2   y  functions as a winding which processes the excitation signal Sy on the cos phase side, which will be described later. 
     The coil pattern P is, as shown in  FIG.  5    and  FIG.  6   , formed in a square wave shape along the circumferential direction Ff by combining the conductor portions Wo, Wi in the circumferential direction Ff (circumferential conductor portion) and the conductor portion Wm in the radial direction (radial conductor portion). At this time, the width dimensions Lo, Li of the circumferential conductor portions Wo, Wi are set larger than the width dimension Lm of the radial conductor portion Wm. Specifically, it is preferable that the width dimensions Lo, Li of the circumferential conductor portions Wo , Wi . . . are selected at 1.5 to 3.5 times of the width dimension Lm of the radial conductor portion Wm . . . . By configuring as above, electric resistance of the entire coil pattern P can be made small and thus, a generated effective magnetic-flux density can be increased so as to improve detection efficiency of the resolver  1 . 
     As described above, the sheet coil Ci of the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  is configured. Moreover, the other sheet coils Cm 1 , Cm 2 , Co can be also configured basically similarly to the sheet coil Ci. That is, the sheet coil Cm 1  constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 1  used by being opposed to the sheet coil Ci by being accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   a  is configured similarly to this sheet coil Ci. Therefore, two pieces of the sheet coils Ci . . . are prepared, and one of them can be used as the sheet coil Ci, while the other can be used as the sheet coil Cm 1 . Moreover, the sheet coil Cm 2  constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 2  accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   b  is accommodated in the second winding-accommodating recess groove  24   b  from the outer peripheral side and thus, as shown in  FIG.  4   , it can be configured similarly to the sheet coil Cm 1  (Ci) except a point that the diameter is formed smaller as compared with the sheet coil Cm 1  (Ci). 
     When the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are configured as above, by configuring a pair of the coil patterns P, P with the predetermined electric phases D made different by the multipolar mode by the sheet coils Ci, Cm 1 , Cm 2  formed on the front and back, respectively, the entire thickness including the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  can be reduced and thus, they can be embodied as an optimal mode in realizing the super small-sized resolver  1 . 
     On the other hand, the sheet coil Co constituting the detection winding  3  is accommodated in the second winding-accommodating recess groove  25   b  from the outer peripheral side and thus, it can be formed similarly to the sheet coil Cm 2  constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 2 , and the coil pattern P is formed only on one of the front and back surfaces of the sheet portion  31 . That is, since the detection winding  3  is constituted by a single winding portion, the coil pattern P to be used only needs to be formed at least on one of the front surface  31   f  and the rear surface  31   r  of the sheet portion  31 . Note that a correction winding or the like may be provided on the other surface as necessary. In the exemplified case, it is only necessary that the sheet coil excluding the coil pattern P on the one side from the sheet coil Cm 2  is formed. 
     When the detection winding  3  is configured as above, by forming the coil pattern P in the multipolar mode by the sheet coil Co disposed at least on one of the front and the back, the entire thickness of the detection winding  3  can be thinned, and it can be used in combination with the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1  and M 2  and thus, it can be embodied as an optimal mode when combined with the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2 . Note that Co in  FIG.  5    denotes the sheet coil Co. 
     And as shown in  FIG.  2    and  FIG.  3   , the sheet coil Ci including the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  is accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess groove  25   a  of the fixed body  4 , and the sheet coil Co including the detection winding  3  is accommodated in the second winding-accommodating recess groove  25   b  from the outer peripheral side. On the other hand, the sheet coil Cm 1  including the intermediate rotating winding M 1  is accommodated in the winding-accommodating recess groove  24   a  of the rotating body  5 , and the sheet coil Cm 2  including the intermediate rotating winding M 2  is accommodated in the second winding-accommodating recess groove  24   b  from the outer peripheral side. 
     As described above, when the resolver  1  is to be configured, by configuring the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  in the disc shape, respectively, by disposing the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  at different positions in the radial direction Fd of the fixed body  4 , and by disposing a plurality of sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 , particularly the entire thickness in the axial direction Fc can be reduced and thus, the thin-type resolver  1  can be easily obtained. 
     On the other hand, in the third winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   c,    25   c  from the outer peripheral side, position detection windings Xp, Xm which detect a reference position of the rotating body  5  are provided. In the exemplified case, a pair of the position detection winding (sheet coil) Xp and the position detection winding (sheet coil) Xm are provided by using each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   c,    25   c,  and a primary winding (sheet coil) Xi and a secondary winding (sheet coil) Xe of an output transformer which outputs a detection signal by the position detection windings Xp, Xm are provided by using each of the winding-accommodating recess grooves  24   d  and  25   d  located closest to the center side. In this case, the position detection windings Xp, Xm only need to detect a mechanical one rotation position (reference position) of the rotating body  5 , for example, and thus, various publicly-known configurations can be employed. 
     As described above, by providing the position detection windings Xp, Xm which detect the reference position of the rotating body  5  in the region other than the region where the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  in the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  are disposed, the mechanical one rotation position of the rotating body  5  can be detected accurately as described above, and the absolute-type resolver  1  can be easily constructed by effectively using an unused region. 
     Subsequently, the configuration of the signal processing portion U 2  used by being connected to the aforementioned resolver main-body portion U 1  and a connecting method of each winding (winding portion) will be described by referring to  FIGS.  1  to  3    and  FIG.  9   . 
     First, as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  3   , the excitation winding  2   x  on one side (sin side) is connected to an excitation circuit  47  which excites this excitation winding  2   x,  the excitation winding  2   y  on the other side (cos side) is connected to an excitation circuit  50  which excites this excitation winding  2   y.  Moreover, the detection winding  3  is connected to an output processing circuit  51 . Furthermore, the winding portion Mx 1  on one side (sin side) constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 1  and the winding portion Mx 2  on one side (sin side) constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 2 , that is, the winding portions Mx 1  and Mx 2  in the same phase are connected in parallel so as to configure a closed circuit H, and the winding portion My 1  on the other side (cos side) constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 1  and the winding portion My 2  on the other side (cos side) constituting the intermediate rotating winding M 2 , that is, the winding portions My 1  and My 2  in the same phase are connected in parallel so as to configure the closed circuit H. On the other hand, in the exemplified case, the position detection winding (sheet coil) Xp and the secondary winding (sheet coil) Xe are connected to the position-detection signal processing portion  61 , and the position detection winding (sheet coil) Xm and the primary winding (sheet coil) Xi are connected to each other. 
     On the other hand,  FIG.  9    illustrates a specific circuit diagram of the signal processing portion U 2 . In  FIG.  9   , the same reference signs are given to the same portions as those in  FIGS.  1  to  7    so as to clarify the configuration. This signal processing portion U 2  includes an input-side circuit U 2   i,  and this input-side circuit U 2   i  includes a counter-pulse circuit  42  which generates a counter pulse on the basis of a clock signal generated by an oscillation portion  41 , a high-frequency signal generation circuit  43  which generates a high-frequency signal with a frequency of approximately 1 [MHz] on the basis of this counter pulse, and an excitation-signal generation circuit  44  which generates the excitation signals Sx (A·sin ωt), Sy (A·cos ωt) on the basis of this high-frequency signal. Moreover, a polarity reversion circuit  45  into which the one excitation signal Sx is input and which reverses the polarity of the high-frequency signal and outputs it at a polarity reversion position of the excitation signal Sx, a modulation circuit  46  which modulates an amplitude of the excitation signal Sx by the high-frequency signal output from this polarity reversion circuit  45 , and an excitation circuit  47  which supplies a modulation signal Smx output from this modulation circuit  46 , that is, the amplitude-modulated excitation signal Sx to the one excitation winding  2   x  are included, and also a polarity reversion circuit  48  into which the other excitation signal Sy is input and which reverses the polarity of the high-frequency signal and outputs it at the polarity reversion position of the excitation signal Sy, a modulation circuit  49  which modulates an amplitude of the excitation signal Sy by the high-frequency signal output from this polarity reversion circuit  48 , and an excitation circuit  50  which supplies a modulation signal Smy output from this modulation circuit  49 , that is, the amplitude-modulated excitation signal Sy to the other excitation winding  2   y  are included. Furthermore, U 2   o  is an output-side circuit and includes an output processing circuit  51  which demodulates a modulation signal Smo output by being connected to the detection winding  3  and outputs the detection signal So and an angle detection circuit  52  to which the detection signal So obtained from this output processing circuit  51  is given. 
     On the other hand, U 2   s  is a phase correction circuit which corrects a phase error generated between the excitation signals Sx, Sy and the detection signal So, and this phase correction circuit U 2   s  includes a temperature correction-signal generation portion  53  which generates a correction signal on the basis of a temperature drift, a correction circuit  54  which corrects the counter pulse output from the counter-pulse circuit  42  by the correction signal output from this temperature correction-signal generation portion  53 , a high-frequency signal generation circuit  55  which generates a high-frequency signal on the basis of the corrected counter pulse output from this correction circuit  54 , and a reference-signal generation circuit  56  which generates a reference signal on the basis of the high-frequency signal output from this high-frequency signal generation circuit  55 , and the reference signal generated by this reference-signal generation circuit  56  is given to the angle detection circuit  52 . Note that the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53  includes a temperature-drift detection function which separates a high-frequency signal component from the modulation signal Smo obtained via the output processing circuit  51  and detects an error component by the temperature drift of the high-frequency signal component on the basis of the obtained high-frequency signal component, the counter pulse output from the counter-pulse circuit  42 , and the high-frequency signal output from the high-frequency signal generation circuit  55 , and includes a correction-signal generation function which generates the correction signal described above on the basis of the error component obtained from this temperature-drift detection function. 
     Subsequently, an operation of the resolver  1  according to this embodiment including the configuration as above will be described by referring to  FIG.  10    and each figure. 
     First, a clock signal output from the oscillation portion  41  shown in  FIG.  9    is given to the counter-pulse circuit  42 , whereby a counter pulse is generated. This counter pulse is given to an input side of the high-frequency signal generation circuit  43  and input sides of the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53  and the correction circuit  54 , respectively. In the high-frequency signal generation circuit  43 , a high-frequency signal with a frequency of approximately 1 [MHz] is generated on the basis of the counter pulse, and this high-frequency signal is given to the input side of the excitation-signal generation circuit  44 , whereby the excitation signals Sx, Sy are generated. 
     And the one excitation signal Sx is given to the modulation circuit  46  and the polarity-reversion circuit  45 , respectively, and in the modulation circuit  46 , the excitation signal Sx given by the excitation-signal generation circuit  44  is amplitude-modulated by the high-frequency signal given by the polarity-reversion circuit  45 , and the modulation signal Smx obtained by this is given to the one excitation winding  2   x  through the excitation circuit  47 . At this time, the polarity of the high-frequency signal is reversed by the polarity-reversion circuit  45  at each polarity-reversion position of the excitation signal Sx. As a result, the excitation winding  2   x  is excited by the modulation signal Smx, and a high-frequency current by the modulation signal Smx flows in this excitation winding  2   x.  That is, as shown in  FIG.  5   , a current Ix indicated as an example by a solid-line arrow flows in the coil pattern P (excitation winding  2   x ) on the front surface side of the sheet coil Ci. 
     Moreover, the other excitation signal Sy is given to the modulation circuit  49  and the polarity-reversion circuit  48 , respectively, and in the modulation circuit  49 , the excitation signal Sy given by the excitation-signal generation circuit  44  is amplitude-modulated by the high-frequency signal given by the polarity-reversion circuit  48 , and the modulation signal Smy obtained by this is given to the other excitation winding  2   y  through the excitation circuit  50 . At this time, the polarity of the high-frequency signal given by the high-frequency signal generation circuit  43  is reversed by the polarity-reversion circuit  48  at each polarity-reversion position of the excitation signal Sy. As a result, the excitation winding  2   y  is excited by the modulation signal Smy, and a high-frequency current by the modulation signal Smy flows in this excitation winding  2   y.  That is, as shown in  FIG.  5   , a current Iy indicated as an example by a dotted-line arrow flows in the coil pattern P on the rear surface side of the sheet coil Ci. 
     In his case, excitation voltages applied between the current Ix and the current Iy, that is, between the excitation winding  2   x  and the excitation winding  2   y,  have a phase difference of 90 [°] as an electric angle and thus, as shown in  FIG.  10 ( a ) , a voltage of Es=E·sin ωt is added to the excitation winding  2   x,  and a voltage of Ec=E cos ωt is added to the excitation winding  2   y.  And when the rotating body  5  is rotated/displaced only by a predetermined angle (θ), that is, a predetermined displacement amount θ, an inductive voltage Es 1 =E·sin(ωt+θ) shown in  FIG.  10 ( b )  is generated (output) in the one winding portion Mx 1  of the intermediate rotating winding M 1 , and an inductive voltage Ec 1 =E·cos(ωt+θ) shown in  FIG.  10 ( c )  is generated (output) in the other winding portion My 1  of the intermediate rotating winding M 1 . 
     Moreover, the outputs of the intermediate rotating winding M 1 , that is, the inductive voltages Es 1  and Ec 1  are applied to the one winding portion Mx 2  and the other winding portion My 2  in the intermediate rotating winding M 2 , respectively. In this case, the voltage applied to the intermediate rotating winding M 2  becomes a voltage changed only by an angle θ (displacement amount θ), and each of the winding portion Mx 2  and the winding portion My 2  is excited. As a result, a voltage Eos induced on the basis of the output of the intermediate rotating winding M 2  is generated in the detection winding  3 . This voltage Eos is a voltage obtained by adding the induced voltages Es 1  and Ec 1  changed only by the angle θ and the induced voltages Es 2  and Ec 2  changed only by the angle θ, generated in the intermediate rotating winding M 2 . That is, the voltage Eos generated in the intermediate rotating winding M 2  and induced in the detection winding  3  is Eos=E′·sin (ωt+2θ), and a phase change angle theoretically becomes twice of the rotation angle of the rotating shaft  22 , that is, “θ X 2”.  FIG.  10 ( d )  illustrates the voltage Eos output from the detection winding  3 . As described above, regarding the output relationship in the resolver  1 , by assuming that the number of poles of the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  are Nx, Ny, the substantial number of poles output from the intermediate rotating winding M 2  is Nx+Ny (more generally, Nx±Ny). 
     On the other hand, the voltage Eos output from the detection winding  3  is the modulation signal Smo, and this modulation signal Smo is given to the output processing circuit  51 , and the modulation signal Smo is demodulated. As a result, the detection signal So is acquired and is given to the angle detection circuit  52 . Moreover, in the output processing circuit  51 , the high-frequency signal component is separated from the modulation signal Smo, and the separated high-frequency signal component is given to the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53  having the temperature-drift detection function. As a result, in the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53 , the error component by the temperature drift of the high -frequency signal component is detected on the basis of the high-frequency signal component separated by the high-frequency signal separation function, the counter pulse obtained from the counter-pulse circuit  52 , and the high-frequency signal obtained from the high-frequency signal generation circuit  55 , the correction signal is generated on the basis of this error component, and this correction signal is given to the correction circuit  54 . And in the correction circuit  54 , the counter pulse given by the counter-pulse circuit  42  is corrected by the correction signal. That is, the error component by the temperature drift is excluded. 
     On the other hand, the corrected counter pulse obtained from the correction circuit  54  is given to the high-frequency signal generation circuit  55 , and the high-frequency signal is generated on the basis of the counter pulse. The high-frequency signal obtained from the high-frequency-signal generation circuit  55  is given to the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53 , and by means of the reference-signal generation function in the temperature correction-signal generation portion  53 , the reference signal is generated on the basis of the high-frequency signal. This reference signal is given to the angle detection circuit  52 , and the angle detection circuit  52  generates a reference pulse from the reference signal and generates a detection pulse from the detection signal So. Then, the counter pulses are counted between a rise of the reference pulse and the rise of the detection pulse, and this count value is converted to an angle, and a rotation angle (θ) of the rotating shaft  22 , that is, a targeted displacement amount θ is acquired. Specifically, a relationship between the count value and the rotation angle is compiled into a database in advance, and a rotation angle corresponding to the count value may be read out of the database, or it may be acquired by calculation by using a function formula set in advance. 
     Thus, according to the resolver  1  as above according to this embodiment, as a basic configuration, the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  constituted by the multipolar mode ( 32  poles) and the detection winding  3  are disposed coaxially with the fixed body  4 , and the two sets (M 1 , M 2 ) (plural sets in general) of intermediate rotating windings M 1  . . . constituted by the multipolar mode ( 32  poles) and constituted by the pair of winding portions Mx 1 , My 1  . . . with the predetermined electric phases D made different (90 [°]) are disposed coaxially with the rotating body  5 , and the winding portions in the same phase of the two sets of intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  (Mx 1  and Mx 2 , My 1  and My 2 ) are connected, respectively, so as to form the closed circuits H . . . and thus, the substantial number of poles can be increased while ensuring the machining accuracy, and the small-sized resolver  1  which can sufficiently satisfy the demand for higher detection accuracy and moreover, higher stability and higher reliability or particularly the super small-sized resolver  1  with the diameter of approximately 5 [mm] can be easily realized. Furthermore, since the output transformer can be excluded by disposing the detection winding  3  on the fixed body  4 , contribution can be made to further size reduction and cost reduction. 
       FIG.  8    illustrates the resolver  1  according to a modified embodiment. In this resolver  1 , the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5  are configured in the cylindrical shape R, respectively, and the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3  are disposed at different positions in the axial direction Fc of the fixed body  4 , and a plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are disposed by being opposed to the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  and the detection winding  3 . By configuring as in the modified embodiment, particularly the entire dimension in the radial direction Fd can be made smaller and thus, the thin-type resolver  1  can be easily obtained and at the same time, wirings such as a connection cable and the like can be passed through a space formed inside. 
     Note that, in  FIG.  8   , reference numerals  71 ,  72  denote bearings, and reference numeral  73  denotes a cylindrical support cylinder which supports an inner peripheral surface of the fixed body  4  with a cylindrical shape R. Therefore, in the exemplified case, the support cylinder  73  also serves as the rotating shaft  22 .  FIG.  8    is shown in a mode related to  FIG.  2   , but the fixed body  4  in  FIG.  8    may be the rotating body  5 , and the rotating body  5  in  FIG.  8    may be the fixed body  4 . As described above, in the resolver  1  according to the embodiment in  FIG.  2   , the rotating body  5  is configured by in the disc shape B, and each of the windings  2   x,    2   y,    3 , M 1 , M 2  is disposed in the radial direction Fd, while the resolver  1  according to the modified embodiment shown in  FIG.  8    is different in points that the rotating body  5  is configured in the cylindrical shape R, and each of the windings  2   x,    2   y,    3 , M 1 , M 2  is disposed in the axial direction Fc, but a basic principle structure is the same. Therefore, in  FIG.  8   , the same reference signs are given to the same portions as those in  FIG.  2    so as to clarify the structures thereof, and detailed description thereof is omitted. 
     As described above, the preferred embodiments including the modified embodiment have been described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments but is capable of arbitrary changes, additions or deletions within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention in the configurations, shapes, materials, quantities, numeral values, and the like of details. 
     For example, such embodiment was illustrated that, for the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y,  the modulation signals Smx, Smy obtained by amplification-modulation of the excitation signals Sx, Sy by a high-frequency signal Sh and by reversing the polarity of the high-frequency signal Sh at the polarity-reversion positions of the excitation signals Sx, Sy are input, and the detection signal So is obtained by demodulating the modulation signal Smo output from the detection winding  3 , but such a case is not excluded that the excitation signals Sx, Sy are input into the excitation windings  2   x,    2   y  without modulation and the displacement amount θ of the rotating body  5  is detected on the basis of the detection signal So output from the detection winding  3 . Moreover, 90 [°] is illustrated as the electric phase D, but the other phases are not excluded. Furthermore, two sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , M 2  are illustrated as the plural sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1 , . . . , but such a case where three or more sets of the intermediate rotating windings M 1  . . . are provided is not excluded. On the other hand, as the shapes of the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5 , formation with the disc shape B or the cylindrical shape R is illustrated, but a shape combining the disc shape B and the cylindrical shape R can be also embodied. Moreover, regarding the magnetic cores  6   a . . . ,  the surfaces in contact with the sheet coils Ci . . . may be formed with irregularity, and by forming an opening or a notch to be fitted with the irregular shape in the sheet coil Ci . . . , the magnetic cores  6   a . . .  and the sheet coils Ci . . . may be configured capable of assembling. Note that regarding the coil pattern P, the width dimensions Lo, Li of the circumferential conductors Wo . . . , , Wi . . . are preferably set larger than the width dimension Lm of the radial conductor portion Wm . . . , but the case of setting them the same and the case of setting them smaller are not excluded. On the other hand, in the fixed body  4  and the rotating body  5 , a region other than the region where the excitation winding  2  and the detection winding  3  are disposed can be also used for applications other than those exemplified. 
     INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY 
     The resolver according to the present invention can be used for various applications for detecting a displacement amount (rotation angle) of a rotating body by including an excitation winding and a detection winding.