Patent Publication Number: US-2023152210-A1

Title: Microscopic optical imaging system for living cell

Description:
The present application claims the priority of Chinese patent application CN2020102608801 filed on Apr. 3, 2020. The contents of the Chinese patent application are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to the technical field of living cell culture, observation and detection equipment, in particular, to a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Biological microscopic technology is used by medical and health institutions, universities and research institutes to observe microorganisms, cells, bacteria, tissue culture, suspensions and sediments, and processes of multiplication and division of cells and bacteria in a culture solution can be continuously observed. The biological microscopic technology is widely used in cytology, parasitology, oncology, immunology, genetic engineering, industrial microbiology, botany and other fields. 
     A microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell uses the biological microscopic technology to collect information and perform time lapse capturing, so as to automatically track and monitor growth statuses of cells in real time throughout the process. The growth statuses of living cells are recorded in real time by a non-invasive method, and qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out during imaging. The microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell has a wide range of applications, such as tissue culture, cell culture in vitro, tumor cell drug screening, and stem cell research in biological and medical fields. 
     The existing microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell has two structures. In one structure, both a sample stage device and a microscopic optical imaging device are fixed. To capture different regions of a living cell sample or adjust the resolution, the sample stage device needs to be manually adjusted. In the other structure, the sample stage device is mobile in some directions, while the microscopic optical imaging device is fixed. To capture different regions of the living cell sample or adjust the resolution, the sample stage device is moved. However, the sample stage device takes up a large space in the moving process, and the corresponding space needs to be reserved in the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. As a result, the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell has a large system volume. 
     CONTENT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     The technical problems to be solved in the present invention are to overcome the above shortcomings in the related art, and a non-contact microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell with a small occupation space is provided. 
     The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions: 
     A microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell includes: 
     a sample stage device; 
     a microscopic optical imaging device, used for optically imaging a living cell sample in the sample stage device; 
     a first linear motion device, used for driving the microscopic optical imaging device to move left and right; 
     a second linear motion device, used for driving the microscopic optical imaging device to move up and down; 
     a third linear motion device, used for driving the sample stage device to move forward and backward; and 
     a worktable device, wherein the sample stage device, the microscopic optical imaging device, the first linear motion device, the second linear motion device and the third linear motion device are all arranged on the worktable device. 
     Preferably, the microscopic optical imaging device includes a visible light optical component, a fluorescent light optical component, an objective lens, and a camera component. The visible light optical component is arranged above the sample stage device, and the fluorescent light optical component, the objective lens and the camera component are all arranged below the sample stage device. 
     The first linear motion device includes an upper motion mechanism and a lower motion mechanism which are arranged in linkage. The upper motion mechanism is used for driving the visible light optical component, and the lower motion mechanism is used for driving the fluorescent light optical component, the objective lens, and the camera component. 
     The second linear motion device is used for driving the objective lens to move up and down. 
     Preferably, the upper motion mechanism includes a first screw motor arranged on the worktable device and used for driving the visible light optical component. The lower motion mechanism includes a second screw motor arranged on the worktable device and used for driving the fluorescent light optical component, the camera component and the objective lens. The first screw motor and the second screw motor are arranged in linkage. 
     Preferably, the first linear motion device further includes an upper guide mechanism and a lower guide mechanism which are both arranged on the worktable device. The visible light optical component is slidably arranged on the worktable device through the upper guide mechanism. The fluorescent light optical component, the camera component and the objective lens are slidably arranged on the worktable device through the lower guide mechanism together. 
     Preferably, the first linear motion device further includes a bracket. The fluorescent light optical component, the camera component and the objective lens are detachably arranged on the bracket, and a front end and a rear end of the bracket are slidably arranged on the worktable device through the lower guide mechanism respectively. The lower motion mechanism drives the bracket to move left and right. 
     Preferably, each of the upper guide mechanism and the lower guide mechanism includes:
         a guide rail, arranged on the worktable device; and   a sliding block, arranged slidably in a one-to-one correspondence manner to the guide rail, wherein the sliding block is connected to the visible light optical component or the bracket.       

     Preferably, the second linear device includes a third screw motor arranged on the worktable device. The third screw motor drives the objective lens to move up and down. The first linear motion device is further used for driving the third screw motor to move left and right. 
     Preferably, the third linear motion device includes a fourth screw motor arranged on the worktable device, and the fourth screw motor drives the sample stage device to move forward and backward. 
     Preferably, visible light generated by the visible light optical component irradiates the sample stage device, wherein the visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera component through the objective lens. The fluorescent light optical component excites the living cell sample to generate biological fluorescent light, and the biological fluorescent light enters the camera component through the objective lens. 
     There is one visible light optical component, one fluorescent light optical component, one objective lens and one camera component. Or, 
     there is one visible light optical component, one objective lens and one camera component, and there are several fluorescent light optical components. 
     Preferably, the visible light optical component includes a visible light source, a first reflector, and a first condensing lens. Visible light generated by the visible light source irradiates the sample stage device after being processed by the first reflector and the first condensing lens in sequence. 
     Preferably, the visible light source is a bright field light source. Or, 
     the visible light source is a phase difference light source, and the visible light optical component further includes a phase difference ring arranged between the phase difference light source and the first reflector. 
     Preferably, the fluorescent light optical component includes a fluorescent light source. Or,
         the fluorescent light optical component includes several fluorescent light sources, and the various fluorescent light sources are used for generating excitation lights in different colors. At least one fluorescent light source runs during fluorescent light imaging.       

     Preferably, the optical component includes three fluorescent light sources, namely a first fluorescent light source, a second fluorescent light source and a third fluorescent light source. The microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell further includes a first dichroscope, a second dichroscope, a third dichroscope, and a first filter. 
     Excitation light of the first fluorescent light source passes through the first dichroscope, the second dichroscope and the first filter in sequence, and is reflected into the objective lens by the third dichroscope. 
     Excitation light of the second fluorescent light source passes through the second dichroscope and the first filter in sequence after being reflected by the first dichroscope, and is reflected into the objective lens by the third dichroscope. 
     Excitation light of the third fluorescent light source passes through the first filter after being reflected by the second dichroscope, and is reflected into the objective lens by the third dichroscope. 
     Preferably, the camera component includes a second reflector, a second condensing lens, a second filter, and a camera. 
     The biological fluorescent light generated by exciting the living cell sample or the visible light passing through the living cell sample enter the camera after being successively processed by the objective lens, the second reflector, the second filter and the second condensing lens. 
     Preferably, the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell further includes a lower shell and an upper shell. The fluorescent light optical component, the objective lens, the camera component, the lower motion mechanism, the second linear motion device and the third linear motion device are accommodated in the lower shell, and the worktable device is covered at an upper opening of the lower shell. The visible light optical component and the upper motion mechanism are accommodated in the upper shell, and a lower end of the upper shell is fixedly connected to the worktable device. 
     On the basis of satisfying common knowledge in the art, all the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain all the preferred examples of the present invention. 
     The present invention has positive progressive results: 
     In the present invention, the microscopic optical imaging device is driven by the first linear motion device to move, the sample stage device is driven by the third linear motion device to move, and the microscopic optical imaging device is driven by the second linear motion device to adjust the resolution for imaging, so that the imaging of living cell samples in various regions is realized in a non-contact manner and the resolution for imaging is adjusted; and meanwhile, the volume of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell is reduced. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a first schematic diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  2    is a second schematic diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  3    is a third schematic diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  4    is a fourth schematic diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG.  5    is an optical path diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG.  6    is a fifth schematic diagram of a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     NUMERALS IN THE DRAWINGS 
     
         
         sample stage device  1   
         microscopic optical imaging device  2   
         visible light optical component  21   
         visible light source  211   
         first reflector  212   
         first condensing lens  213   
         phase difference ring  214   
         fluorescent light optical component  22   
         first fluorescent light source  221   
         second fluorescent light source  222   
         third fluorescent light source  223   
         first dichroscope  224   
         second dichroscope  225   
         third dichroscope  226   
         first filter  227   
         objective lens  23   
         camera component  24   
         second reflector  241   
         second condensing lens  242   
         second filter  243   
         camera  244   
         first linear motion device  3   
         upper motion mechanism  31   
         irst screw motor  311   
         lower motion mechanism  32   
         upper guide mechanism  33   
         lower guide mechanism  34   
         bracket  35   
         second screw motor  321   
         second linear motion device  4   
         third screw motor  41   
         third linear motion device  5   
         fourth screw motor  51   
         worktable device  6   
         working platform member  61   
         observation hole  611   
         upper mounting frame  62   
         shell  7   
         upper shell  71   
         lower shell  72   
       
    
     DEFINITION AND DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention will be further described below in a manner of embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments accordingly. 
     The front, back, left, right, top and bottom involved in any of the following embodiments are all located in the same coordinate system, wherein the direction shown by the arrow in  FIG.  1    is left. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , an embodiment of the present invention provides a microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell for capturing living cells. Captured information can at least be used for observing, detecting and track living cell samples. The captured information can be transmitted to an electronic terminal, such as a mobile phone and a computer. 
     The microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell of the embodiment of the present invention includes a sample stage device  1 , a microscopic optical imaging device  2 , a first linear motion device  3 , a second linear motion device  4 , a third linear motion device  5 , and a worktable device  6 . 
     The sample stage device  1  is used for directly or indirectly carrying a living cell sample. The sample stage device  1  is connected to the worktable device  6  and can move forward and backward relative to the worktable device  6 . 
     The microscopic optical imaging device  2  can move left and right relative to the worktable device  6 . The microscopic optical imaging device  2  is used for performing optical imaging on the living cell samples in the sample stage device  1 . 
     The first linear motion device  3  is arranged on the worktable device  6 , and an output end of the first linear motion device  3  outputs linear reciprocating motion. The output end is connected to the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , and drives the microscopic optical imaging device  2  to move left and right, so as to adjust its relative position relationship with the sample stage device  1  in a left-right direction, thus performing optical imaging on the living cell samples in different regions in the left-right direction. In the left-right direction, a space occupied by the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is smaller than that occupied by the sample stage device  1 . The space occupied by the observation of the living cell samples in different regions by adjusting the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is smaller, thus reducing the overall space required by the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     The second linear motion device  4  is arranged on the worktable device  6 , and an output end of the second linear motion device  4  outputs linear reciprocating motion. The output end is connected to the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , and drives the microscopic optical imaging device  2  to move up and down, so as to adjust a relative position relationship between the microscopic optical imaging device  2  and the sample stage device  1  in an up-down direction, thus adjusting the resolution for imaging. 
     The third linear motion device  5  is arranged on the worktable device  6 , and an output end of the third linear motion device  5  outputs linear reciprocating motion. The output end is connected to the sample stage device  1 , and drives the sample stage device  1  to move forward and backward, so as to adjust a relative position relationship between the sample stage device  1  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2  in a front-back direction, thus performing optical imaging on the living cell samples in different regions in the front-back direction. 
     The worktable device  6  integrates the sample stage device  1 , the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5 , which improves the compactness of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     It can be seen from the above that the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell of the embodiment of the present invention at least achieves the following effects: 
     First, the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is driven by the first linear motion device  3  to move, and the sample stage device  1  is driven by the third linear motion device  5  to move, thus achieving an effect of imaging the living cell samples in various regions in the front-back direction and the left-right direction in a non-contact manner. 
     Second, the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is further driven by the second linear motion device  4  to move up and down to adjust the resolution for imaging, thereby further reducing a contact operation between an operator and the sample stage device  1 , as well as the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , when the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell is used. In other words, on the basis of a structural relationship between the second linear motion device  4  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the automation of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell is further improved, and the contact between the operator and the system is reduced. 
     Thirdly, the relative position relationship between the sample stage device  1  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is adjusted through the first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5 , thereby improving the control accuracy of the system. 
     Fourth, when the relative position relationship between the sample stage device  1  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is adjusted, the left-right direction and the up-down direction are realized by adjusting the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , and the front-back direction is realized by adjusting the sample stage device  1 , instead of adjusting the left-right direction, the up-down direction, and the front-back direction on the sample stage device  1  or the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , so that the positions of the first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5  are dispersed according to the positions of the sample stage device  1  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , which optimizes a stress on the worktable device  6 , prolongs the life of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell, and reduces the volume of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     The microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell further includes a control device (not shown in the figure) through which the first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5  are all controlled. The control device may include any one of a microprocessor, a central processor and a microcontroller. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  2 - 3   , the microscopic optical imaging device  2  includes a visible light optical component  21 , a fluorescent light optical component  22 , an objective lens  23 , and a camera component  24 . The visible light optical component  21  is arranged above the sample stage device  1 , and the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23  and the camera component  24  are all arranged below the sample stage device  1 . The first linear motion device  3  includes an upper motion mechanism  31  and a lower motion mechanism  32  which are arranged in linkage. The upper motion mechanism  31  is used for driving the visible light optical component  21 , and the lower motion mechanism  32  is used for driving the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23 , and the camera component  24 . 
     The visible light optical component  21  is used for generating visible light which irradiates the sample stage device  1  from the top. Part of the visible light is shielded by the living cell sample, while part of the visible light is not shielded by the living cell sample, which passes through the living cell sample and reaches the camera component  24  via the objective lens  23 . Preferably, the visible light optical component  21  is located directly above the sample stage device  1  to facilitate a visible light beam to vertically enter the sample stage device  1 . 
     The fluorescent light optical component  22  is used for generating excitation light which irradiates the sample stage device  1  from the bottom. The living cell sample is excited to generate biological fluorescent light which reaches the camera component  24  through the objective lens  23 . 
     The objective lens  23  is independently arranged relative to the visible light optical component  21  and the fluorescent light optical component  22 . The second linear motion device  4  only needs to drive the objective lens  23  to move up and down to adjust the resolution for imaging. Compared with the method for adjusting the resolution by adjusting the sample stage device  1  and the entire microscopic optical imaging device  2 , this way saves a larger space, thus reducing the total volume of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. Actually, in other examples, as an alternative solution, the second linear motion device  4  does not independently drive the objective lens  23  to move up and down, but drives the entire microscopic optical imaging device  2  to move up and down to achieve the effect of adjusting the resolution, which also falls within the protection scope of the present invention. 
     The camera component  24  is used for receiving the visible light or the biological fluorescent light for imaging. The camera component  24  may transmit the captured information to the electronic terminal through the control device or directly. 
     During use, one of the visible light optical component  21  and the fluorescent light optical component  22  is used. When the visible light optical component  21  is used for imaging, the visible light optical component  21 , the objective lens  23  and the camera component  24  work, and the visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera component  24  through the objective lens  23 . When the fluorescent light optical component  22  is used for imaging, the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23  and the camera component  24  work, and the biological fluorescent light generated by the living cell sample enters the camera component  24  through the objective lens  23 . In other words, the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell of the embodiment of the present invention integrates two imaging functions: visible light imaging and fluorescent light imaging. The two imaging functions share the objective lens  23  and the camera component  24 , thus reducing the volume of the system on the basis of the two imaging functions. 
     It can be seen from the above that, on the one hand, the fluorescent light optical component  22  performs irradiation from the bottom of the sample stage device  1 , and on the other hand, the visible light and biological fluorescent light passing through the living cell sample need to enter the objective lens  23  located below the sample stage device  1  to reach the camera component  24 . Therefore, the worktable device  6  is provided with an observation hole  611  to achieve the effects of the above two aspects. The observation hole  611  is located directly below the sample stage device  1 , and the objective lens  23  is located directly below the observation hole  611 . The visible light and the biological fluorescent light enter the objective lens  23  through the observation hole  611 . 
     The upper motion mechanism  31  outputs the linear reciprocating motion. The upper motion mechanism  31  is arranged above the sample stage device  1 , so as to be closely connected with the visible light optical component  21 , thereby saving the space occupied by the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     The lower motion mechanism  32  outputs the linear reciprocating motion. The lower motion mechanism  32  is arranged below the sample stage device  1 , so as to be closely connected with the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23  and the camera component  24 , thereby saving the space occupied by the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     The upper motion mechanism  31  and the lower motion mechanism  32  are linked. The linkage setting here is understood as that they are started and stopped synchronously. When started, they output the same direction and displacement synchronously. The upper motion mechanism  31  and the lower motion mechanism  32  are controlled by the control device. 
     It can be seen from the above that in the example of the present invention, the microscopic optical imaging device  2  has a visible light imaging manner and a fluorescent light imaging manner. The visible light optical component  21  and the fluorescent light optical component  22  are respectively arranged above and below the sample stage device  1  in space, so that the optical paths of the two imaging manners do not affect each other. By means of decomposing the first linear motion device  3  into the upper motion mechanism  31  and the lower motion mechanism  32  to respectively control different portions of the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the layout of physical structures of the first linear motion device  3  and the microscopic optical imaging device  2  is optimized, making the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell more compact, and also optimizing the stress condition of the worktable device  6 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 - 3   , the worktable device  6  preferably includes a working table member  61  and an upper mounting frame  62 . Preferably, the sample stage device  1  is convexly arranged on the working platform member  61 . The fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23 , the camera component  24 , the lower motion mechanism  32 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5  are all arranged below the working platform member  61 . A lower part of the upper mounting frame  62  is fixedly connected to the working platform member  61 . The visible light optical component  21  and the upper motion mechanism  31  are arranged on an upper part of the upper mounting frame  62 . 
     As shown in  FIGS.  2 - 3   , the upper motion mechanism  31  includes a first screw motor  311  arranged on the worktable device  6 . The first screw motor  311  is used for driving the visible light optical component  21 . The lower motion mechanism  32  includes a second screw motor  321  arranged on the worktable device  6 . The second screw motor  321  is used for driving the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23 . The first screw motor  311  and the second screw motor  321  are linked. 
     The first screw motor  311  is mounted on an upper part of the worktable device  6 , preferably on the upper part of the upper mounting frame  62 . The first screw motor  311  outputs linear reciprocating motion in the left-right direction to drive the visible light source  211 . The first screw motor  311  is preferably a stepping motor. Actually, in other examples, as an alternative means, the upper motion mechanism  31  can output motions in the left-right direction through other linear motion mechanisms, such as a linear motion mechanism based on a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder or a cam mechanism. 
     The second screw motor  321  is mounted below the worktable device  6 , preferably on the working platform member  61 . The second screw motor  321  outputs linear reciprocating motion in the left-right direction to drive the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23 . The second screw motor  321  is preferably a stepping motor. Actually, in other examples, as an alternative means, the lower motion mechanism  32  can output motions in the left-right direction through other linear motion mechanisms, such as a linear motion mechanism based on a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder or a cam mechanism. 
     The first screw motor  311  and the second screw motor  321  adopt a linkage setting manner, and their starts, stops, output directions and displacements are controlled by the control device. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  2 - 3   , the first linear motion device  3  further includes an upper guide mechanism  33  and a lower guide mechanism  34  which are both located on the worktable device  6 . The visible light optical component  21  is slidably connected with the worktable device  6  through the upper guide mechanism  33 . The fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  are slidably connected with the worktable device  6  through the lower guide mechanism  34  together. 
     The upper guide mechanism  33  is used for guiding the visible light optical component  21 , thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the visible light optical component  21  during operation. Preferably, the upper guide mechanism  33  is arranged on the upper part of the upper mounting frame  62 , so as to be closely connected with the visible light optical component  21 . 
     The lower guide mechanism  34  is used for guiding the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and objective lens  23 , thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  during operation. Preferably, the lower guide mechanism  34  is arranged on the working platform member  61  to improve the compactness of the system. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  3 - 4   , the first linear motion device  3  further includes a bracket  35 . The fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  are detachably arranged on the bracket  35 , and a front end and rear end of the bracket  35  are slidably arranged on the worktable device  6  through the lower guide mechanism  34 . An output end of the lower motion mechanism  32  is connected with the bracket  35 . 
     The fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  are integrated together through the bracket  35 , which improves the compactness of the structure. The lower motion mechanism  32  drives the bracket  35  to enable the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  to move left and right, so that the position relationships of the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  relative to the sample stage device  1  can be adjusted synchronously, and the accuracy of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell is improved. The front end and rear end of the bracket  35  are both slidably connected to the lower guide mechanism  34 , which further improves the stability and accuracy of the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24  and the objective lens  23  during operation. 
     Each of the upper guide mechanism  33  and the lower guide mechanism  34  includes a guide rail and a sliding block. The guide rails and the sliding blocks are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The guide rails are mounted on the worktable device  6 , and the sliding blocks are slidably arranged on the guide rails. The sliding blocks are connected to the fluorescent light optical component  22  or the bracket  35 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  1 ,  3  and  4   , the second linear device includes a third screw motor  41  arranged on the worktable device  6 . The third screw motor  41  drives the objective lens  23  to move up and down. The first linear motion device  3  is further used for driving the third screw motor  41  to move left and right. 
     The third screw motor  41  outputs linear reciprocating motion in the up-down direction, and its output end is connected to the objective lens  23 . Preferably, the third screw motor  41  is indirectly mounted on the working platform member  61  through the bracket  35 . The bracket  35 , the fluorescent light optical component  22 , the camera component  24 , the objective lens  23  and the third screw motor  41  move synchronously when the lower motion mechanism  32  drives the bracket  35  to move left and right. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , the third linear motion device  5  includes a fourth screw motor  51  arranged on the worktable device  6 . The fourth screw motor  51  drives the sample stage device  1  to move forward and backward. 
     The fourth screw motor  51  outputs linear reciprocating motion in the front-back direction, and an output end of the fourth screw motor  51  is connected to the sample stage device  1 . To connect the sample stage device  1 , a preferred method is to form a through hole in the worktable device  6 , and the output end of the fourth screw motor  51  is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating manner and connected to the sample stage device. During the movement, the output end of the fourth screw motor  51  moves forward and backward in the through hole. 
     Actually, the third linear motion device  5  may further include front and back guide mechanisms (not shown in the figure). The sample stage device  1  is slidably connected to the worktable device  6  through the front and back guide mechanisms to improve the stability and accuracy of the sample stage device  1  during movement. The front and back guide mechanisms include guide rails and sliding blocks which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The guide rails are preferably mounted on the working platform member  61 . The sliding blocks are connected to the sample stage device  1 , and the sliding blocks are slidably connected with the guide rails. 
     The first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5 , as well as the structural relationships between the various linear motion devices and the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the worktable device  6  as well as the sample stage device  1 , have been described in detail above. The descriptions of the microscopic optical imaging device  2  and the worktable device  6  have also been involved to a certain extent. The microscopic optical imaging device  2  and the worktable device  6  are further described in detail below. 
     In the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the visible light generated by the visible light optical component  21  irradiates the sample stage device  1 . The visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera component  24  through the objective lens  23 . The fluorescent light optical component  22  excites the living cell sample to generate biological fluorescent light, and the biological fluorescent light enters the camera component  24  through the objective lens  23 . 
     In one example, as shown in  FIGS.  4 - 5   , there is one visible light optical component  21 , one fluorescent light optical component  22 , one objective lens  23  and one camera component  24 . 
     In another example, as an alternative means, there is one visible light optical component  21 , one objective lens  23  and one camera component  24 , but there are several fluorescent light optical components  22 . Preferably, each fluorescent light optical component  22  can be uniformly distributed around a circumference of the objective lens at intervals to optimize the stress on the worktable device  6 . In this embodiment, the several fluorescent light optical components  22  and the visible light optical component  21  share the same objective lens  23 , which improves the processing capacity and the compactness of the system. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 5   , the visible light optical component  21  includes a visible light source  211 , a first reflector  212 , and a first condensing lens  213 . Visible light generated by the visible light source  211  irradiates the living cell sample in the sample stage device  1  after being processed by the first reflector  212  and the first condensing lens  213  in sequence. 
     The visible light source  211  is preferably located directly above the sample stage device  1 . Preferably, the first reflector  212  and the first condensing lens  213  are located directly above the living cell sample. 
     Further, in one example, the visible light source  211  can be a bright field light source, and white light generated by the bright field light source is reflected into the first condensing lens  213  through the reflector and the further irradiates the living cell sample. The visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera component  24  for imaging after being processed by the objective lens  23 . 
     As shown in  FIGS.  4 - 5   , in another example, as an alternative means, the visible light source  211  is a phase difference light source. The visible light optical component  21  further includes a phase difference ring  214  located between the phase difference light source and the first reflector  212 . The visible light generated by the phase difference light source irradiates the living cell sample after being processed by the phase difference ring  214 , reflected by the first reflector  212  and constrained by the first condensing lens  213 . The visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera component  24  for imaging after being processed by the objective lens  23 . It should be noted that the solid lines with arrows in  FIG.  5    represent a visible light propagation path to the sample stage device  1 . These solid lines do not actually exist. 
     The fluorescent light optical component  22  includes at least one fluorescent light source. The excitation light generated by the fluorescent light source irradiates the bottom of the sample stage device  1  through the objective lens  23 , thereby exciting the living cell sample to generate the biological fluorescent light. 
     In one example, one fluorescent light source is arranged in the fluorescent light optical component  22 . 
     In another example, as an alternative means, the fluorescent light optical component  22  is provided with several fluorescent light sources. The various fluorescent light sources are used for generating excitation lights in different colors. Each fluorescent light source can be used independently, and the brightness of each fluorescent light source is independently adjustable. Within the same period, only one fluorescent light source can be used, or multiple fluorescent light sources can be used at the same time. When there are various kinds of living cell samples in the sample stage device  1 , and each living cell sample is required to be excited with biological fluorescent lights in different bands (or colors), the multiple fluorescent light sources work simultaneously. Each living cell sample preferably corresponds to one fluorescent light source. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 5   , the fluorescent light optical component  22  is provided with three fluorescent light sources, namely the first fluorescent light source  221 , the second fluorescent light source  222  and the third fluorescent light source  223 . The fluorescent light optical component  22  further includes a first dichroscope  224 , a second dichroscope  225 , a third dichroscope  226 , and a first filter  227 . Excitation light of the first fluorescent light source  221  passes through the first dichroscope  224 , the second dichroscope  225  and the first filter  227  in sequence, and is reflected into the objective lens  23  by the third dichroscope  226 . Excitation light of the second fluorescent light source  222  passes through the second dichroscope  225  and the first filter  227  in sequence after being reflected by the first dichroscope  224 , and is reflected into the objective lens  23  by the third dichroscope  226 . Excitation light of the third fluorescent light source  223  passes through the first filter  227  after being reflected by the second dichroscope  225 , and is reflected into the objective lens  23  by the third dichroscope  226 . 
     Wavelength ranges (or colors) of the excitation lights generated by the first fluorescent light source  221 , the second fluorescent light source  222  and the third fluorescent light source  223  are different. Correspondingly, wavelength ranges (or colors) of the biological fluorescent lights generated by the living cell samples excited by different excitation lights are also different. 
     The third dichroscope  226  is used for reflecting the excitation light into the objective lens  23 . The second dichroscope  225  is used for reflecting the excitation light of the third fluorescent light source  223  into the third dichroscope  226 , and also for allowing the excitation lights of the first fluorescent light source  221  and the second fluorescent light source  222  to pass. The first dichroscope  224  is used for reflecting the excitation light of the second fluorescent light source  222  into the third dichroscope  226 , and also for allowing the excitation light of the first fluorescent light source  221  to pass. 
     In addition, the first filter  227  is preferably a three-band band-pass filter. 
       FIGS.  4 - 5    show a structure of the fluorescent light optical component  22 . The first dichroscope  224 , the second dichroscope  225 , the first filter  227  and the third dichroscope  226  are arranged in sequence in the front-back direction. The third dichroscope  226  is located directly below the objective lens  23 . The third dichroscope  226  is arranged slantways to reflect the excitation light incident in a horizontal direction into vertical light. Tilting directions of the second dichroscope  225  and the first dichroscope  224  are opposite to a tilting direction of the third dichroscope  226 . The second dichroscope  225  reflects the vertical excitation light emitted by the third fluorescent light source  223  into horizontal light and propagates it to the third dichroscope  226 . The first side  224  reflects the vertical excitation light of the second fluorescent light source  222  into horizontal light and propagates it to the third dichroscope  226 . 
     Correspondingly, the third fluorescent light source  223  is located directly above the second dichroscope  225 . The second fluorescent light source  222  is located directly above the first dichroscope  224 . The first fluorescent light source  221  is located on one side close to the first dichroscope  224  and is used for generating horizontal excitation light. It should be noted that the dotted lines with arrows in  FIG.  5    represent three propagation paths corresponding to three kinds of excitation lights, but these dotted lines actually do not exist. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4 - 5   , the camera component  24  includes a second reflector  241 , a second condensing lens  242 , a second filter  243 , and a camera  244 . The biological fluorescent light generated by the excited living cell sample or the visible light passing through the living cell sample enters the camera  244  after being processed by the objective lens  23 , the second reflector  241 , the second filter  243  and the second condensing lens  242 . 
     The second reflector  241  is located directly below the objective lens  23 , specifically below the third dichroscope  226 . The visible light or biological fluorescent light enters the second reflector after passing through the third dichroscope  226 . The second filter  243  is preferably a three-band band-pass filter. It should be noted that the solid lines with arrows in  FIG.  5    represent propagation paths of lights (including the biological fluorescent light and the visible light), but these solid lines do not actually exist. 
     The respective structures and mutual cooperative relationships of the above six portions of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell of the present invention, i.e. the sample stage device  1 , the microscopic optical imaging device  2 , the first linear motion device  3 , the second linear motion device  4 , the third linear motion device  5  and the worktable device  6 , are described in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings. In one example, the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell further includes a shell  7  used for accommodating part of the devices of the microscopic optical imaging system for a living cell. 
     Referring to  FIG.  6   , the shell  7  specifically includes an upper shell  71  and a lower shell  72 . The fluorescent light optical component  22 , the objective lens  23 , the camera component  24 , the lower motion mechanism  32 , the second linear motion device  4  and the third linear motion device  5  are accommodated in the lower shell  72 . A lower surface of the working platform member  61  is covered at an upper opening of the lower shell  72 . The visible light optical component  21  and the upper motion mechanism  31  are accommodated in the upper shell  71 , and the upper mounting frame  62  is also accommodated in the upper shell  71 . A lower opening of the upper shell  71  is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the working platform member  61 . 
     A position of the upper shell  71  corresponding to the visible light optical component  21  is provided with an open window or a closed window with a transparent baffle plate, so that the visible light generated by the visible light optical component  21  irradiates the living cell sample through the window. 
     Although the specific embodiments of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only examples, and various changes or modifications can be made to these implementations without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims.