Patent Publication Number: US-5890621-A

Title: Cup for young children with cap valved for fluid control

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention concerns drinking cups, and more particularly concerns a cap having a valve for controlling fluid flow from and back into a drinking cup. 
     Drinking cups for young children often include a cap with an apertured spout and a valve to prevent fluid from being spilled. However, traditional valved youth drinking cups are difficult and/or time consuming to clean such that the valve can potentially become unsanitary and/or not fully functional. This problem is compounded by the fact that some mothers forget or are too busy to spend the time necessary to thoroughly clean the valve, or do not realize how important a thorough cleaning is. Another problem is that, in many existing cups having valves, it is difficult to tell if or when their valve(s) is properly cleaned, particularly when the valve is positioned inside of a concave region in their cap where it is difficult to see and reach. There are also numerous additional functional requirements that are difficult to achieve simultaneously. For example, the valve must be fast acting in order to prevent spillage, yet must allow fluid to flow easily out the spout to a young child using the drinking cup. Also, the drinking cup must reliably prevent leakage, yet must also operate equally well at multiple angles. Also, it is preferable that the valve allow fluid still in the spout to redrain back into the drinking cup so that small spills do not occur. In the cost competitive industry of products for young children, the drinking cup must be mechanically non-complex with a minimum number of pieces to minimize cost. Where the cap and valve can be disassembled, the loose pieces must be large enough to prevent them from being lost and to allow easy reassembly, yet must fit into and operate in the relatively small interior of a cup sized for a young user. Further, the reassembly procedure must be apparent from the parts themselves. 
     Some known drinking cups have a cap that includes a first valve to control fluid flow out of the spout, and a second valve to control air flow into the drinking cup. However, this valving arrangement increases the number of pieces, doubles the sanitation and misfunction problems, and adds significant expense to the product. Another problem is that these known valving arrangements do not work properly if either of the valves becomes plugged or partially inoperative, which is more likely to occur with two valves than with a single valve. 
     Silicon rubber valves are known that can be used for dispensing food in a controlled manner. Several such valves are shown in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,439,143 and 5,409,144 and patents related thereto. However, the silicon material can be difficult to retain in place since it is generally not possible to glue or adhere it to a surface. Further, the valve requires room to operate, which can be a problem in a youth-sized drinking cup located inside of a spout on a cap. Also, sanitation and/or replacement of non-functional valves continues to be problematic. 
     Accordingly, an apparatus solving the aforementioned problems is desired. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In one aspect, the present invention includes an apparatus for a drinking cup for young children having a cap adapted to cover a drinking cup, the cap having a spout and a mount, and having a valve cartridge removably attached to the mount for controlling fluid flow through the spout. The valve cartridge is removable for cleaning or replacement. 
     In another aspect, an apparatus includes a cap adapted to cover a drinking cup, the cap having a spout and a mount, and a valve removably attached to the mount for controlling fluid flow through the spout. The valve is made of resilient silicon rubber material and has an enlarged ring section engaging the mount to retain the valve to the mount. The valve further includes a relatively flat head section with slits therein that form a pattern of interactive valve fingers. The fingers operate in either an outflow or inflow direction to control fluid flow out of the cup or air flow into the cup. The valve still further includes a sleeve operably connecting the flat head section to the ring section, the sleeve being shaped to roll and unroll in a manner that facilitates operation of the valve fingers. The mount on the cap is configured to allow the sleeve to roll and unroll. 
     In another aspect, an apparatus includes a cap having a spout, a valve for controlling fluid flow to the spout, and a snap-in retainer for holding the valve in position on the cap. 
     In still another aspect, an apparatus includes a drinking cup and a cap for sealingly covering the drinking cup. The cap includes a spout, and a single reciprocating valve that is adapted to control fluid flow from the drinking cup to the spout and also that is adapted to control air flow through the spout back into the drinking cup. The apparatus is characterized by an absence of a separate vent or second valve in the cap and the drinking cup. 
     These and other features and advantages of the present invention will be further understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art by reference to the following specification, claims, and appended drawings. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an apparatus embodying the present invention including a drinking cup and a cap; 
     FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the apparatus of FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken along the line III--III in FIG. 1; 
     FIGS. 4 and 5 are plan and end views of the cap shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIGS. 6-8 are cross sectional views taken along the lines VI--VI, VII--VII, and VIII--VIII in FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the valve holder shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIGS. 10 and 11 are end and plan views of the valve holder shown in FIG. 9; 
     FIG. 12 is a cross sectional view taken along the line XII--XII in FIG. 11; 
     FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the valve retainer shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 14 is a cross sectional view taken along the line XIV--XIV in FIG. 13; 
     FIG. 15 is a cross sectional view of the valve shown in FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 16 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing the valve cartridge of FIG. 2 with the valve in a normally closed position; 
     FIG. 17 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing the valve cartridge of FIG. 2 with the valve in a fluid-dispensing position; and 
     FIG. 18 is a fragmentary cross sectional view showing the valve cartridge of FIG. 2 with the valve in an air-replacing and fluid-suck-back position. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     For purposes of description herein, the terms &#34;upper&#34;, &#34;lower&#34;, &#34;right&#34;, &#34;left&#34;, &#34;rear&#34;, &#34;front&#34;, &#34;vertical&#34;, &#34;horizontal&#34;, and derivatives thereof shall be related to the invention as oriented in FIG. 1 as if the drinking cup were setting on a table. However, it is to be understood that the invention may assume various alternative orientations, except where expressly specified to the contrary. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise. 
     An apparatus 20 (FIG. 1) embodying the present invention includes a cap 21 adapted to cover a drinking cup 22. The cap 21 has a spout 23 and a mount 24 (FIG. 3) on the underside of the cap 21 proximate but spaced from a tip of the spout 23. The mount 24 is tubular and defines a passageway to the spout 23. A valve cartridge 25 is removably pressfittingly attached to the retainer sleeve or mount 24. Specifically, the valve cartridge 25 includes a valve holder 26 having a section adapted to pressfit into and frictionally engage the mount 24, a valve 27 and a valve retainer 28 that snap-attaches to the valve holder 26 to hold the valve 27 in place on the valve holder 26. It is contemplated that valve 27 can also be sonic welded or otherwise attached to mount 24. The valve 27 is made of liquid molded silicon rubber, and includes a relatively flat, slightly crowned valve element or head section 29 with slits that define cooperating valve fingers or pedals 30 (FIG. 2). The valve fingers 30 cooperate to selectively allow fluid to flow out of the spout 23 or to allow air and excess fluid to flow back into the cup 22, thus allowing the valve 27 to operate as a single and only valve on the drinking cup apparatus 20. 
     The cup 22 (FIG. 2) is a standard container having an externally threaded upper end 31 for removably mounting cap 21 thereon. The cap 21 has a substantially flat top 32 with a depending collar 33. The collar 33 has an internal thread 34 adapted to threadedly engage the threaded upper end 31 of cup 22. Collar 33 (FIG. 3) includes an inner flange 35 that extends around the cap 21 concentrically with and inside of the thread 34. The inner flange 35 forms a recess for receiving a washer-like sealing ring 36, which ring 36 is adapted to sealingly engage an upper edge of the cup 22 to form a seal between the cap 21 and cup 22. It is noted that ring 36 could be eliminated if desired. 
     The top 32 of cap 21 (FIG. 4-8) has a generally circular shape in plan view, and the spout 23 projects from one side thereof upwardly. The spout 23 is formed integrally with cap 21, and includes generally arcuate front and rear walls 40 and 41 that converge to an outwardly protruding tip 42 of spout 23. The illustrated tip 42 includes three spaced-apart openings 43, the size and area of which are chosen to provide adequate fluid flow to a young user. A cylindrically shaped or barrel-shaped tubular flange 44 extends downwardly from the bottom of spout 23. The lower end of flange 44 defines mount 24, which is designed to closely receive and retain the valve cartridge 25. 
     The valve holder 26 (FIGS. 9-12) of valve cartridge 25 includes a tubular section 46 and a grip or tabbed base section 47. Grip 47 includes a horizontal wall 48 and a reinforcing perpendicular web 49 having an enlarged shaped for convenient grasping. A second reinforcing web 50 extends across an outer end of horizontal wall 48. Tubular section 46 extends perpendicularly from an apertured end of wall 48. The tube 46 forms a passageway 51 that extends through wall 48. The outside diameter and shape of tube 46 is shaped to be closely pressfittingly received in the lower end of retaining flange 44, such that frictional forces developed between the abutting surfaces of valve cartridge 25 and retaining mount 24 prevent the same from being inadvertently separated. Any fluid pressure developed in the cup during dispensing tends to further retain valve cartridge 25 in place in retainer mount 44. When cap 21 is removed from cup 22, an adult can grasp the cartridge web 49, and remove the valve cartridge 25 from retaining mount 44 for cleaning and/or replacement. The upper end of tube 46 includes a seat 52 for supporting the valve 27, and a concave ring depression 53 for receiving valve retainer 28 in a snap locked position. The valve retainer 28 (FIGS. 13 and 14) includes a ring-shaped body 54 defining a hole 55, and a lip 56 to control its insertion depth. A convex ring-shaped outer surface 57 is formed on the exterior of body 54. The surface 57 is configured body 54 defining to snap into the mating concave ring depression 53. When thus engaged, the lip 56 engages an end of tube mount 24. 
     The valve 27 is of the type described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 5,439,143 (to Brown et al), issued Aug. 8, 1995, entitled DISPENSING VALVE FOR PACKAGING, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,409,144 (to Brown), issued Apr. 25, 1995, entitled DISPENSING VALVE FOR PACKAGING, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Valve 27 is a proprietary product of Liquid Molding Systems, Inc. (&#34;LMS&#34;), the assignee of the U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,439,143 and 5,409,144. A detailed discussion of the valve 27 and its operation need not be included herein for a complete understanding of the present invention, except as discussed below. The valve 27 is made of liquid molded silicon rubber, and includes an enlarged retention ring section 60, the crowned valve element section 29 that includes pedals 30, and a resilient rollable sleeve 62 connecting the ring section 60 and valve element section 29. The ring section 60 is adapted to fit between angled surfaces 63 and 64 on the opposing retaining faces of holder tube 46 and retainer body 54. The valve element 29 is slightly concavely shaped outwardly toward the tip of spout 23. Sleeve 62 also is shaped to position valve element 27 toward the tip of spout 23. Notably, the shape and concavity of valve element 29 and fingers 30, and the outward or inward shape and concavity of sleeve 62 and valve element 61 can be readily changed by redesign to provide any optimal output release pressure or inflow release pressure desired. 
     During use, valve 27 (FIG. 16) is positioned in valve holder tube 46 and retainer 28 is engaged therein so that the bottom edge of retainer 28 engages and holds valve 27 in valve holder 26. The valve cartridge 25 is then inserted upwardly into the bottom of mount 24 and is firmly pressfittingly positioned therein. When the user communicates a negative pressure with the open outlet at the tip of spout 23, such as by sucking or the like, the liquid beverage in cup 22 is drawn against valve 27. This causes the valve element 29 of the valve 27 to shift outwardly on its resilient rollable sleeve 62. Torque developed in the LMS valve causes the four pedals 30 formed by the cross slits to snap outwardly and open the orifice 30&#39;, so as to dispense fluid 67 freely through the spout 23 (FIG. 17). When the negative pressure drops to a predetermined level, the head portion 29 of valve 27 snaps back to close the cross-slit orifice (FIG. 16), so as to positively prevent any additional fluid from passing therethrough. Air is then drawn back through valve 27 (FIG. 18), as is necessary to equalize any pressure differential occurring in the interior of cup 22 as a consequence of dispensing liquid from the cup 21. If any liquid is trapped in the spout 23, between the open outlet 43 and valve 27, the same is drawn back into container 22 when air is sucked back into the cup 22. Where the vacuum is substantial, the returning liquid causes the head portion 29 of the valve 27 to shift inwardly on its resilient rolling sleeve 62 and then invert in the unique fashion disclosed in the LMS patents previously incorporated herein. Torque developed in the extended position of the LMS valve causes the four pedals 30 formed by the cross slits to snap outwardly and open the orifice, so as to allow fluid to flow relatively freely and quickly through the spout 23. When the negative pressure drops to a predetermined level, the head portion 29 of the valve 27 snaps back to close the cross slit orifice, and then shifts inwardly on the resilient rolling sleeve 62 so as to positively prevent any addition fluid from passing therethrough. Notably, inversion of the valve (FIG. 18) causes the valve to form a cup shaped pocket 65 to receive the fluid (FIG. 18). The particular valve construction shown can be designed to provide the particular inflow and outflow characteristics and opening pressures desired. In the event the cup 22 is inadvertently tipped over, valve 27 will prevent any of the liquid from escaping through spout 23. The reciprocating nature of valve 27 prevents leakage even when the cup 22 is dropped or otherwise jarred. 
     In the foregoing description, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the concepts disclosed herein. For example, it is contemplated that the valve 27 could be snap attached directly to the cap 21 without use of a cartridge holder, or that the valve 27 could be designed to be installed in an inverted, up-side-down position, or that the valve 27 could be reversible, or that a plurality of valves 27 could be provided, each having particular desired characteristics. Such modifications are to be considered as included in the following claims, unless these claims by their language expressly state otherwise.