Patent Publication Number: US-2019181122-A1

Title: Electronic device and method of manufacturing the same

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/598,021, filed on Dec. 13, 2017, and Chinese Patent Application No. 201810820379.9, filed on Jul. 24, 2018, the entireties of which are incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Technical Field 
     The present disclosure relates to an electronic device and a method for manufacturing the electronic device. The present disclosure in particular relates to a process for replacing a light-emitting unit in the electronic device. 
     Description of the Related Art 
     With the continuing development of portable electronic products, consumers have developed high expectations on the quality, functionality, and price of such products. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are expected to be widely used in future electronic products applications. Micro LED technology is an emerging electronic device technology. Micro LEDs are characterized by their minimized (or array) structure. However, since the size of a micro LED is relatively small, they are generally transferred to the destination substrate (array substrate) in a batch during the manufacturing process. An LED will need to be replaced when performance testing (including optical and electrical testing and so on) determines that the LED is inconsistent with design specifications. However, it is technically difficult to replace a micro LED due to its small size. 
     Accordingly, the development of a method that can effectively replace (or repair) micro LEDs is one of the current goals of the industry. 
     SUMMARY 
     In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a substrate and a first light-emitting unit, a second light-emitting unit, a third light-emitting unit and a fourth light-emitting unit disposed on the substrate. The second light-emitting unit is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit along a first direction. The fourth light-emitting unit is adjacent to the third light-emitting unit along the first direction. The third light-emitting unit is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit along a second direction which is perpendicular to the first direction. The fourth light-emitting unit is adjacent to the second light-emitting unit along the second direction. In addition, a first pitch between the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit is different from a second pitch between the third light-emitting unit and the fourth light-emitting unit. 
     In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing an electronic device is provided. The method comprises testing a plurality of first light-emitting units on a first substrate to select one of the plurality of first light-emitting units that is to be replaced; removing the one of the plurality of first light-emitting units from the first substrate so that the first substrate has a vacant position; transferring a second light-emitting unit to a second substrate; and transferring at least part of the plurality of the first light-emitting units that are not replaced from the first substrate to the second substrate. In addition, the vacant position on the first substrate corresponds to the second light-emitting unit. 
     A detailed description is given in the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The disclosure may be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 2A-2H  illustrate the cross-sectional views of the electronic device in the intermediate stages of the manufacturing in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 3A-3H  illustrate the cross-sectional views of the electronic device in the intermediate stages of the manufacturing in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4A  illustrates a cross-sectional view of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4B  is a top-view diagram corresponding to area A in  FIG. 4A ; 
         FIG. 5  is a top-view diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6  is a top-view diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7  is a top-view diagram of an electronic device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The electronic device of the present disclosure and the manufacturing method thereof are described in detail in the following description. In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details and embodiments are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. The specific elements and configurations described in the following detailed description are set forth in order to clearly describe the present disclosure. It will be apparent, however, that the exemplary embodiments set forth herein are used merely for the purpose of illustration, and the inventive concept may be embodied in various forms without being limited to those exemplary embodiments. In addition, the drawings of different embodiments may use like and/or corresponding numerals to denote like and/or corresponding elements in order to clearly describe the present disclosure. However, the use of like and/or corresponding numerals in the drawings of different embodiments does not suggest any correlation between different embodiments. In addition, in this specification, expressions such as “first material layer disposed on/over a second material layer”, may indicate the direct contact of the first material layer and the second material layer, or it may indicate a non-contact state with one or more intermediate layers between the first material layer and the second material layer. In the above situation, the first material layer may not be in direct contact with the second material layer. 
     It should be noted that the elements or devices in the drawings of the present disclosure may be present in any form or configuration known to those with ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the expressions “a layer overlying another layer”, “a layer is disposed above another layer”, “a layer is disposed on another layer” and “a layer is disposed over another layer” may indicate that the layer is in direct contact with the other layer, or that the layer is not in direct contact with the other layer, there being one or more intermediate layers disposed between the layer and the other layer. 
     In addition, in this specification, relative expressions are used. For example, “lower”, “bottom”, “higher” or “top” are used to describe the position of one element relative to another. It should be appreciated that if a device is flipped upside down, an element that is “lower” will become an element that is “higher”. 
     It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers, portions and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers, portions and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, portion or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer, portion or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer, portion or section without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. 
     It should be understood that the descriptions of the exemplary embodiments are intended to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings, which are to be considered part of the entire written description. The drawings are not drawn to scale. In addition, structures and devices are shown schematically in order to simplify the drawing. 
     The terms “about” and “substantially” typically mean +/−20% of the stated value, more typically +/−10% of the stated value, more typically +/−5% of the stated value, more typically +/−3% of the stated value, more typically +/−2% of the stated value, more typically +/−1% of the stated value and even more typically +/−0.5% of the stated value. The stated value of the present disclosure is an approximate value. When there is no specific description, the stated value includes the meaning of “about” or “substantially”. 
     Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It should be appreciated that, in each case, the term, which is defined in a commonly used dictionary, should be interpreted as having a meaning that conforms to the relative skills of the present disclosure and the background or the context of the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless so defined. 
     In addition, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, terms concerning attachments, coupling and the like, such as “connected” and “interconnected,” refer to a relationship wherein structures are secured or attached to one another either directly or indirectly through intervening structures, as well as both movable or rigid attachments or relationships, unless expressly described otherwise. 
     In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing the electronic device is provided. The method can replace (or repair) the light-emitting units in batches. The step for replacing the light-emitting units can replace several light-emitting units at the same time or replace the light-emitting units sequentially, and it is not limited in the present disclosure. The manufacturing method provided in the present disclosure can be unrestricted by the size of the light-emitting unit, and replace the light-emitting units of various sizes. The method can improve the replacement efficiency, quality or yield of the light-emitting unit having a smaller size. 
     In accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a light-emitting unit that has been replaced (or repaired) using the above method. The pitch of the light-emitting units that have been replaced may be not the same as the pitch of other light-emitting units that are not replaced. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a flowchart of a method for manufacturing an electronic device  10  in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, additional operations may be provided before, during and/or after processes in the method for manufacturing the electronic device  10 . In some embodiments, some of the operations described below may be replaced or eliminated, or the order of the operations/processes may be interchangeable according to needs. In addition, additional features may be added to the electronic device, or some of the features described below may be replaced or eliminated in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS. 2A-2H  illustrate the cross-sectional views of an electronic device  100 A in the intermediate stages of the method  10  in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     First, refer to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2A . The method for manufacturing the electronic device  10  includes step S 11 , in which a plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U disposed on a first substrate  102  are tested (i.e. a test T is performed) in order to select a first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′. As shown in  FIG. 2A , the first substrate  102  may be disposed on a carrier substrate  104 . In some embodiments, several first substrates  102  may be disposed on the carrier substrate  104 . In some embodiments, the first substrate  102  may be a native substrate (or a mother substrate) or a non-native substrate (a non-mother substrate) of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U, but it is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first substrate  102  may include, but is not limited to, a sapphire substrate, a glass substrate, a polymer substrate, any other applicable substrate, or a combination thereof. The material of the first substrate  102  may include, but is not limited to, silicon carbide (SiC), gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium phosphide (GaP), any other applicable compound, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the carrier substrate  104  may include, but is not limited to, silicon, glass, polymer compound, metal, ceramic, or a combination thereof. The polymer substrate may include, but is not limited to, polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), rubber, or a combination thereof. 
     The first light-emitting unit  200 U may include, but are not limited to, light-emitting diode (LED), mini light-emitting diode (mini LED), micro light-emitting diode (micro LED), or a combination thereof. 
     In some embodiments, the first light-emitting unit  200 U may include, for example, a first semiconductor layer  202 , a second semiconductor layer  204 , a quantum well layer  206  disposed between the first semiconductor layer  202  and the second semiconductor layer  204 , and a first electrode  208  and a second electrode  210  that are respectively electrically connected to the first semiconductor layer  202  and the second semiconductor layer  204 . The first semiconductor layer  202  and the second semiconductor layer  204  may have opposite conductive features. For example, the first semiconductor layer  202  may be a p-type semiconductor and the second semiconductor layer  204  may be an n-type semiconductor in accordance with some embodiments. In some other embodiments, the first semiconductor layer  202  may be an n-type semiconductor and the second semiconductor layer  204  may be a p-type semiconductor. 
     In some embodiments, the first semiconductor layer  202  and the second semiconductor layer  204  may be formed of gallium nitride (GaN), but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the quantum well layer  206  may include a single quantum well (SQW) or a multiple quantum well (MQW). The material of the quantum well layer  206  may include, but is not limited to, indium gallium nitride (InGaN), gallium nitride (GaN), or a combination thereof. The first electrode  208  and the second electrode  210  may serve as p-electrode/n-electrode of the light-emitting unit  200 U in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the first electrode  208  and the second electrode  210  may be formed of metallic conductive materials, transparent conductive materials or a combination thereof. The metallic conductive material may include, but is not limited to, copper, aluminum, tungsten, titanium, gold, platinum, nickel, copper alloys, aluminum alloys, tungsten alloys, titanium alloys, gold alloys, platinum alloys, nickel alloys, any other applicable conductive materials, or a combination thereof. The transparent conductive material may include transparent conductive oxides (TCO) such as indium tin oxides (ITO), tin oxides (SnO), zinc oxides (ZnO), indium zinc oxides (IZO), indium gallium zinc oxides (IGZO), indium tin zinc oxides (ITZO), antimony tin oxides (ATO), antimony zinc oxides (AZO), or a combination thereof, but it is not limited thereto. 
     It should be understood that although the light-emitting units illustrated in the figures are flip-chip type light-emitting diodes, the present disclosure are not limited thereto. The light-emitting units may be vertical type light-emitting diodes in accordance with some other embodiments. 
     The above test T may be used to test whether the quality or performance of the first lighting-unit  200 U conforms to design specifications. In some embodiments, the test T may be used to test the photoelectric properties of the first lighting-unit  200 U, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The test T may be carried out using suitable methods known in the art according to needs. In some embodiments, a first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ may be selected by analyzing the results of the test T. For example, the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ may be a light-emitting unit whose photoelectric properties do not conform to design specifications or an abnormal light-emitting unit, but it is not limited thereto. For example, the light-emitting unit that is to be replaced may be referred to the light-emitting unit that flickers, constantly emits light or emits weak light when an off signal is given by an induced current or a driving circuit; or may be referred to the light-emitting unit that flickers, emits weak light or does not emit light when an on signal is given by an induced current or a driving circuit. Alternatively, in accordance with some embodiments, the light-emitting unit that is to be replaced (or the abnormal light-emitting unit) may be referred to the light-emitting unit whose brightness, wavelength, or voltage does not conform to design specifications, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the light-emitting unit that is to be replaced (or the abnormal light-emitting unit) may be, for example, a light-emitting unit whose appearance is significantly damaged or deformed. It should be understood that although only one of the plurality of first light-emitting units that is to be replaced  200 U′ is illustrated in the figure, the first substrate  102  may actually include plural first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′. 
     Next, continue to refer to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2A . In step S 13 , one of the plurality of first light-emitting units that is to be replaced  200 U′ is removed from the first substrate  102 . A removal process LO may be performed to remove the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ from the first substrate  102 . As shown in  FIG. 2B , after the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ is removed, a vacant position VC is formed on the first substrate  102 . In some embodiments, the removal process LO may include, but is not limited to, a laser lift-off (LLO) process, a dry (or wet) chemical etching process, a laser bombardment process, any other applicable process, or a combination thereof. For example, the removal process LO may lift off an interface S 1  between the first substrate  102  and the first light-emitting unit  200 U′. 
     Next, refer to  FIGS. 1, 2C, and 2D . In step S 15 , a second light-emitting unit  200 R is transferred to a second substrate  302 . The position of the second light-emitting unit  200 R corresponds to the vacant position VC on the first substrate  102  (i.e. the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′). Specifically, if there is no first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ on the first substrate  102 , the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102 , for example, may be transferred to the second substrate  302  (e.g., a destination substrate). This process may include alignment of the first substrate  102  with the second substrate  302  (e.g., through alignment marks and so on, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto). However, if there is first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ on the first substrate  102 , the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ may be removed from the first substrate  102 . After the first light-emitting unit  200 U′ is removed, the vacant position VC will be formed (or exist) on the first substrate  102 . At least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced (i.e. that do not need replacement) on the first substrate  102  are transferred to the second substrate  302  (e.g., the destination substrate), and this transferring step may be conducted at least one more time. In addition, the second light-emitting unit  200 R (which is a light-emitting unit for replacing the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′) on another first substrate  102 ′ is also transferred to the second substrate  302 . For example, the above transfer steps may require the first substrate  102  or another first substrate  102 ′ to be aligned with the second substrate  302 . In order to facilitate the transfer or reduce the mutual influence among the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R on the second substrate  302 , the position of the second light-emitting unit  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ may correspond to the vacant position VC on the substrate  102  in advance. For example, if the vacant position VC on the first substrate  102  is located at the second position, the second light-emitting unit  200 R at the second position on the first substrate  102 ′ may be transferred. The at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102  that are not replaced may be transferred to the second substrate  302  first, or the second light-emitting unit  200 R on another first substrate  102 ′ may be transferred to the second substrate  302  first, and the order is not particularly limited in the present disclosure. The details are described in the following context. 
     In some embodiments, the first substrate  102 ′ may include at least one second light-emitting unit  200 R. In some embodiments, the first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced  200 U′ and the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be the light-emitting units that emit light having substantially the same wavelength (for example, blue light, green light, or red light, but it is not limited thereto). The pitch between the second light-emitting units  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ is substantially the same as the pitch between the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102  in accordance with some embodiments. The size of the second light-emitting unit  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ is substantially the same as the size of the first light-emitting unit  200 U on the first substrate  102  in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the second light-emitting units  200 R formed on the first substrate  102 ′ may be an array of light-emitting units dedicated to replacement (or repair). In some embodiments, the second light-emitting units  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ may have been tested in the test T, and it has been confirmed that their performance meets design specifications. 
     In some embodiments, the second light-emitting unit  200 R, which corresponds to the vacant position VC, on the first substrate  102 ′ may be removed in the removal process LO so that the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be transferred onto the second substrate  302 . In some embodiments, the removal process LO may include, but is not limited to, a laser lift-off (LLO) process, a dry (or wet) chemical etching process, a laser bombardment process, any other applicable process, or a combination thereof. 
     It should be understood that although only one light-emitting unit is removed or replaced in the illustrated embodiment, several light-emitting units may be removed or replaced simultaneously in accordance with other embodiments. In other words, several vacant positions VC may be formed on the first substrate  102 , and they may be replaced by several second light-emitting units  200 R corresponding to the vacant positions VC, which are disposed on another first substrate  102 ′. 
     In addition, as shown in  FIGS. 2C and 2D , the method for manufacturing the electronic device  10  further comprises step S 14  in accordance with some embodiments. In step S 14 , an adhesive layer  304  may be disposed on the second substrate  302  before the second light-emitting unit  200 R is transferred to the second substrate  302  (step S 15 ). The adhesive layer  304  may be used to temporarily locate the second light-emitting unit  200 R on the second substrate  302 . In some embodiments, the material of the adhesive layer  304  may include, but is not limited to, photo-curable material, thermo-curable material, photothermal-curable material, moisture-curable material, any other applicable material, or a combination thereof. The second light-emitting unit  200 R may be partially embedded in the adhesive layer  304  in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may be slightly adhesive before curing, and the position of the second light-emitting unit  200 R on the adhesive layer  304  may be moderately adjusted, and the risk of contact or short-circuit between different light-emitting units may be reduced. 
     In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may include, but is not limited to, an anisotropic conductive film (ACF), an anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), a non-conductive film (NCF), a non-conductive paste (NCP), a photoresist, or a combination thereof. The anisotropic conductive film (ACF) or the anisotropic conductive paste (ACP) may include polymer materials and conductive particles (indicated as  304   p  in the figure). The conductive particles may provide electrical connection, for example, between the light-emitting units and the conductive pads on the destination substrate (e.g., an array substrate, but it is not limited thereto). In the embodiments where a non-conductive film (NCF), a non-conductive paste (NCF), or a photoresist is used as the adhesive layer  304 , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced and the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be bonded to or electrically connected to the destination substrate (e.g., an array substrate) by a eutectic bonding process (as shown in  FIGS. 3A-3H ). In addition, in some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may be formed by coating, spraying, screen-printing, attaching, transfer, photolithography process, any other applicable process, or a combination thereof, but it is not limited thereto. The adhesive layer  304  may have a single-layered structure or a multi-layered structure in accordance with some embodiments. 
     In some embodiments, plural first light-emitting units that are to be replaced may be selected. After the plural first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′ are removed, plural vacant positions VC may be formed (or existed) on the first substrate  102 . The corresponding plural second light-emitting units  200 R are transferred to replace the plural first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′. In other words, after removing at least one first light-emitting unit that is to be replaced, and at least one vacant position VC may be formed on the substrate. 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2E . In step S 17 , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced on the first substrate  102  are transferred to the second substrate  302 . In other words, the at least part of the plurality of the first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102 , which includes the vacant position VC shown in  FIG. 2B , are transferred onto the second substrate  302 . Specifically, in some embodiments, the first substrate  102  having the vacant position VC may be removed from the carrier substrate  104  first, and then the first substrate  102  (with the vacant position VC) may be grabbed or transferred by a device  306  and the first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102  may be transferred to the second substrate  302 . Specifically, the at least part of the plurality of the first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced may be referred to a part of the first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced on the first substrate  102  or all of the first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced on the first substrate  102 . In other words, the at least part of the plurality of the first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced may be equally or unequally divided into subgroups to transfer to the second substrate  302  respectively. Alternatively, the at least part of the plurality of the first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced may be transferred to the second substrate  302  at one time (in whole). 
     In some embodiments, the first substrate  102  may be aligned with the second substrate  302  first, and then the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102  are transferred to the second substrate  302 . For example, the alignment may include, but is not limited to, optical alignment or mechanical alignment. In addition, the step of alignment may be not necessary in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the device  306  may grab the first substrate  102  by using, for example, vacuum, static electricity, magnetic force, or van der Waals force, but it is not limited thereto. Moreover, as shown in  FIG. 2E , the first light-emitting units  200 U may avoid being positioned on the second substrate  302  where the second light-emitting unit  200 R is located, and may instead be temporarily positioned in the adhesive layer  304 . In some embodiments, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U may be also partially embedded in the adhesive layer  304 . 
     In addition, the second substrate  302  may be an array substrate (or a destination substrate) in accordance with some embodiments. The material of the second substrate  302  may include, but is not limited to, glass, quartz, sapphire, plastics, polymers, other applicable materials, or a combination thereof. For example, the second substrate  302  may serve as a driving substrate of the electronic device  100 A. Specifically, the second substrate  302  may include a driving circuit (not illustrated), and the driving circuit may be, for example, an active driving circuit or a passive driving circuit. For example, the driving circuit may include, but is not limited to, a transistor (such as a switching transistor, a driving transistor, or other transistors), a data line, a scan line, a conductive pad, or a dielectric layer or other wiring. The switching transistor may be used to turn the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting  200 R on and off. In some embodiments, the driving circuit may control the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R by using an external integrated circuit (IC) or a microchip. In some embodiments, the second substrate  302  may serve as an intermediate substrate that temporarily carries the first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R (as shown in the embodiments of  FIGS. 3A-3H ). 
     In some embodiments, step S 15  and step S 17 , which are described above, may be interchangeable. In other words, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the first substrate  102  may be transferred to the second substrate  302  first, and then the second light-emitting unit  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ may be transferred to the second substrate  302 . However, it should be noted that the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R need to be avoided from overlapping each other on the second substrate  302 . That is, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R are electrically connected to different respective conductive pads (which are not illustrated, but they are described below) on the second substrate  302 . 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2F . In step S 19 , the first substrate  102  may be removed in the removal process LO. The removal process LO may include the processes as described above. For example, a dry (or wet) chemical etching process may be used in the removal process LO to etch away the first substrate  102  directly. For example, the removal process LO may lift off the interface S 1  between the first substrate  102  and the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or between the first substrate  102  and the second light-emitting unit  200 R. 
     In addition, in some embodiments, before the first substrate  102  is removed (step S 19 ), a curing process may be performed on the adhesive layer  304  to fix the at least part of the plurality first light-emitting unit  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R in the adhesive layer  304 . In some embodiments where the adhesive layer  304  includes thermo-curable materials, a heating step may be performed on the adhesive layer  304  to carry out the curing process. In some embodiments, the temperature of the heating step is in a range from about 100° C. to about 400° C., but it is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the pressure of the curing process is in a range from about 1 Mpa to about 80 Mpa, but it is not limited thereto. In some embodiments where the adhesive layer  304  includes photo-curable materials, the adhesive layer  304  may be irradiated with light of a specific wavelength to carry out the curing process. For example, the adhesive layer  304  may be irradiated with UV light or visible light in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may be placed for a period of time to effect the curing process. Moreover, in some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may be patterned and disposed on the second substrate  302 . In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may also serve as an underfill of the bottom of the light-emitting unit. The configuration of underfill may reduce the probability of short circuit between adjacent light-emitting units or reduce the corrosion of the conductive pads (for example, the conductive pads  308  shown in  FIG. 4A ). 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2G . The method for manufacturing the electronic device  10  further comprises step S 21  in accordance with some embodiments. In step S 21 , a cleaning process CL is performed on the light-emitting surfaces of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and/or the second light-emitting unit  200 R. In some embodiments, the light-emitting surface may be, for example, the top surface of the first semiconductor layer  202  of the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R. In some embodiments, the energy that is generated in the removal process may cause the top surface (interface S 1 ) of the first semiconductor layer  202  of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R to become rough. In some embodiments, the roughness of the top surface (interface S 1 ) of the first semiconductor layer  202  of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R is in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 2 μm. In some embodiments, the roughness of the top surface (interface S 1 ) of the first semiconductor layer  202  of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R is in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 0.5 μm. 
     Furthermore, in some embodiments, the light-emitting surface of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R is cleaned by an etching step, and the roughness of the light-emitting surface of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be changed and therefore the transmission pathway of light may be altered or adjusted. In some embodiments, the etching step includes, but is not limited to, a wet etching process. 
     The electronic device  100 A is substantially completed at this stage. As shown in  FIG. 2H , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R are disposed on the second substrate  302 , and the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R are fixed by the adhesive layer  304 . In addition, in some embodiments, the test T (not illustrated) may be performed on the assembled electronic device  100 A to test whether the performance of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R is normal. 
     Next, refer to  FIGS. 3A-3H , which illustrate cross-sectional views of an electronic device  100 B in the intermediate stages of the method  20  in accordance with some other embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the same or similar components or elements in the contexts are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. The materials, manufacturing methods and functions of these components or elements are the same or similar to those described above, and thus will not be repeated herein. The method for manufacturing the electronic device  20  shown in  FIGS. 3A-3H  is similar to the method for manufacturing the electronic device  10  shown in  FIGS. 2A-2H . The difference between them is that the first light-emitting units  200 U disposed on the different first substrates  102  can be replaced (or repaired) at the same time in the embodiments illustrated in  FIGS. 3A-3H . In other words, the first light-emitting units  200 U that are disposed on several first substrates  102  can be replaced (or repaired) at the same time. 
     Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 3A , a test T is performed on a plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U disposed on the first substrate  102  to select the first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′. In particular, the first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′, and which are disposed on different first substrates  102 , can be selected by analyzing the results of the test T. Next, a removal process LO may be performed to remove from the first substrate  102  the first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′. Therefore, vacant positions VC corresponding to the first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′ may be formed on different first substrates  102  (as shown in  FIG. 3B ). 
     Next, as shown in  FIGS. 3C and 3D , the second light-emitting units  200 R on the first substrate  102 ′ are transferred to the second substrate  302  simultaneously or in batches. The positions where the second light-emitting units  200 R are disposed correspond to the vacant positions VC of the first light-emitting units that are to be replaced  200 U′ on the first substrate  102 . Specifically, in this embodiment, the second light-emitting units  200 R disposed on the same first substrate  102 ′ may be used, for example, to replace the first light-emitting units  200 U′ that are disposed on the different first substrates  102  simultaneously or in batches. In some embodiments, the first light-emitting units  200 U′ that are disposed on two or more first substrates  102  may be replaced at the same time or in batches, but it is not limited thereto. In addition, in this embodiment, the adhesive layer  304  may be formed on the second substrate  302  before the second light-emitting units  200 R are transferred to the second substrate  302 . In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  that is disposed on the second substrate  302  may be continuous or discontinuous (i.e. the patterned adhesive layer  304 ) according to needs of subsequent process. 
     Next, as shown in  FIG. 3E , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced on the first substrate  102  may be transferred to the second substrate  302  respectively. As shown in  FIG. 3E , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U may avoid being positioned on the second substrate  302  where the second light-emitting units  200 R are located, and instead they may be temporarily positioned in the adhesive layer  304 . The at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting units  200 R may be partially embedded in the adhesive layer  304 . Next, as shown in  FIG. 3F , the first substrates  102  may be removed in the removal process LO. For example, the removal process LO may lift off the interface S 1  between the first substrate  102  and the first light-emitting unit  200 U′ or between the first substrate  102  and the second light-emitting unit  200 R. In some embodiments, after the removal process, the cleaning process CL may performed on the light-emitting surface of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U and/or the second light-emitting unit  200 R. Thereafter, as shown in  FIG. 3G , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the replaced second light-emitting units  200 R may be temporarily fixed to the second substrate  302  by the adhesive layer  304 . In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  or the second substrate  302  may be flexible. The distance between the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R formed on the second substrate  302  may be adjusted by stretching the adhesive layer  304  or the second substrate  302 . With such a configuration, the quality of the electronic device may be increased and the probability of short circuit between the light-emitting units due to being too close to each other may be reduced. 
     In this embodiment, the second substrate  302  may serve as an intermediate substrate for temporarily carrying the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R that need to be replaced on different first substrates  102 . Next, as shown in  FIG. 3H , the second substrate  302  may be removed, and the adhesive layer  304  and the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R that are temporarily fixed on the second substrate  302  may be transferred onto a third substrate  402 . In this embodiment, the third substrate  402  may be an array substrate. For example, the third substrate  402  may serve as a driving substrate of the electronic device. Specifically, the third substrate  402  may include a driving circuit (not illustrated), and the descriptions regarding the drive substrate are as described above, and thus will not be repeated herein. In some embodiments, the above adhesive layer  304 , and the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting units  200 R formed on the adhesive layer  304  may be transferred to the different third substrates  402  or the same third substrate  402 . 
     In this embodiment, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are not replaced or the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be bonded to the third substrate  402  by a eutectic bonding process. Specifically, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be electrically connected to the third substrate  402  by, for example, the eutectic bonding process. In some embodiments, the electronic device  100 B that is formed may be a tiled display, and the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U and the replaced second light-emitting unit  200 R may be disposed on different third substrates  402  that are adjacent to each other, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 4A , which illustrates a cross-sectional view of the electronic device  100 A in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As described above, the material of the adhesive layer  304  may include an anisotropic conductive film (ACF) or an anisotropic conductive paste (ACP) in accordance with some embodiments. Specifically, the adhesive layer  304  may include polymer materials in a matrix  304   m  and the conductive particles  304   p  distributed therein in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, the polymer materials may include, but are not limited to, organic materials. The polymer materials may include, but are not limited to, epoxy, acrylic resins such as polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA), benzocyclobutene (BCB), polyimide, polyester, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), any other applicable material, or a combination thereof. In addition, in some embodiments, the conductive particle  304   p  may include, but is not limited to, a compressible polymer whose surface coated with conductive materials, a solder ball, or a combination thereof. The conductive materials may include, but are not limited to, nickel (Ni), gold (Au), platinum (Pt), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg), palladium (Pd), iridium (Ir), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru), zinc (Zn), nickel alloys, gold alloys, platinum alloys, silver alloys, copper alloys, iron alloys, tin alloys, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, palladium alloys, iridium alloys, rhodium alloys, ruthenium alloys, zinc alloys, any other applicable conductive material, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the particle size of the conductive particle  304   p  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 30 μm. In some embodiments, the particle size of the conductive particle  304   p  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 10 μm. 
     As shown in  FIG. 4A , the conductive particles  304   p  in the adhesive layer  304  may be disposed between the electrodes of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R (e.g., the first electrode  208  or the second electrode  210 ) and the conductive pads  308  disposed on the second substrate  302  in accordance with some embodiments. For example, the second substrate  302  may serve as an array substrate, and the conductive pad  308  may be electrically connected to a driving circuit disposed on the second substrate  302 . In some embodiments, the conductive particles  304   p  may be in contact with the electrodes of the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R (e.g., the first electrode  208  or the second electrode  210 ) and the conductive pad  308  so that the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting unit  200 U may be electrically connected to the conductive pad  308  disposed on the second substrate  302 , and the second light-emitting unit  200 R may be electrically connected to the conductive pad  308  disposed on the second substrate  302 . In addition, as shown in  FIG. 4A , most of the conductive particles  304   p  may be disposed between the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the conductive pad  308  that is disposed on the second substrate  302 , or between the second light-emitting unit  200 R and the conductive pad  308  that is disposed on the second substrate  302 . 
     In some embodiments, the conductive pad  308  may be formed of metallic conductive materials, transparent conductive materials or a combination thereof. The metallic conductive material may include, but is not limited to, copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), gold (Au), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper alloys, aluminum alloys, molybdenum alloys, tungsten alloys, gold alloys, chromium alloys, nickel alloys, any other applicable material, or a combination thereof. The transparent conductive material may include, but is not limited to, indium tin oxides (ITO), tin oxides (SnO), indium zinc oxides (IZO), indium gallium zinc oxides (IGZO), indium tin zinc oxides (ITZO), any other applicable material, or a combination thereof. 
     Furthermore, as shown in  FIG. 4A , the adhesive layer  304  may have a first height H 1 , and the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R may have a second height H 2 . For example, the first height H 1  may be defined as the maximum distance between the top surface  302 S of the second substrate  302  and the top surface  304 S of the adhesive layer  304  in the normal direction of the second substrate  302  (along the Z direction). For example, the second height H 2  may be defined as the maximum distance between the top surface  302 S of the second substrate  302  and the top surface  200 S of the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R in the normal direction of the second substrate  302  (along the Z direction). In some embodiments, the second H 2  may be greater than the first height H 1 . In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may include light-shielding materials or light-absorbing materials. In other words, the adhesive layer  304  may serve as a light-shielding layer of the first light-emitting unit  200 U or the second light-emitting unit  200 R, and therefore a light-shielding layer may not need to be additionally disposed on the second substrate  302 . 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 4B , which is a top-view diagram corresponding to area A in  FIG. 4A  (the top-view diagram in the X-Y plane). It should be understood that some of the elements, such as the first light-emitting unit  200 U, are omitted in  FIG. 4B  to clearly illustrate the conductive particles  304   p  and the conductive pads  308 . As shown in  FIG. 4B , the adhesive layer  304  may include the conductive particles  304   p  that are arranged in a pattern (i.e. the conductive particles  304   p  have a patterned arrangement). Specifically, the conductive particles  304   p  may be arranged corresponding to the position of the conductive pad  308 , and the conductive particles  304   p  may be arranged corresponding to the position of the electrode of the light emitting-unit (e.g., the first electrode  208  and the second electrode  210 ). In other words, most of the conductive particles  304   p  may overlap the conductive pad  308  or the electrode of the light-emitting unit (e.g., the first electrode  208  and the second electrode  210 ) in the normal direction of the matrix  304   m.  The phrase “the conductive particles  304   p  may be arranged corresponding to the position of the conductive pad  308 ” may be referred to the situation that most of the conductive particles  304   p  fall within the area of the conductive pad  308  (e.g., in the normal direction of the conductive pad  308 ) while few conductive particles  304   p  fall outside of the area of the conductive pad  308 . 
     In some embodiments, the conductive particles  304   p  may surround the conductive pad  308 , and the region where the conductive particles  304   p  are disposed or distributed may be defined as a region R. In some embodiments, the distance d 1  between the region R and an outer edge  308 E of the conductive pad  308  may be in a range from about 0 μm to about 30 μm. As described above, the patterned arrangement of the conductive particles  304   p  may reduce the amount of conductive particles  304   p  that is used in the adhesive layer  304 , and may reduce occurrence of short circuit caused by the conductive particles  304   p  that are disposed on different conductive pads  308  being too close to each other. In some embodiments, the adhesive layer  304  may include the conductive particles that are arranged in an array (not illustrated). That is, the conductive particles  304   p  may be disposed in the adhesive layer  304  with regularity. However, in some embodiments, the arrangement of the conductive particles  304   p  in the adhesive layer  304  may be unpatterned, for example, the conductive particles  304   p  may be randomly distributed in the adhesive layer  304 . 
     In addition, it should be understood that the shape of the conductive pad  308  is not limited to the circular shape as shown in the figure. In some other embodiments, the conductive pad  308  may have any suitable shape according to needs. For example, the shape of the conductive pad  308  may include, but is not limited to, a rectangle or a polygon. 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 5 , which is a top-view diagram of an electronic device  100 C (the top-view diagram in the X-Y plane) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, the electronic device  100 C is formed by the method for manufacturing the electronic device  10  as described above. In some embodiments, since the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are originally disposed on the first substrate  102  is manufactured or arranged by, for example, a photolithography process, the deviation of the pitch between the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U that are originally disposed on the first substrate  102  is smaller (for example, in a range smaller than about ±5 μm, but it is not limited thereto). On the other hand, as described above, the replaced second light-emitting unit  200 R may be placed, for example, by the device  306 . Since the deviation of the pitch that can be controlled by the machine of the device  306  itself is larger (for example, in a range smaller than about ±15 μm, but it is not limited thereto). Therefore, in some embodiments, the pitch between one of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting  200 R on the second substrate  302  may be different from the pitch between the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U on the second substrate  302 . 
     The term “pitch” as used herein may be defined as the distance between a center point of a region (pixel) of one light-emitting unit and a center point of a region (pixel) of another light-emitting unit that is adjacent to the one light-emitting unit. Alternatively, the term “pitch” may be defined as the distance between a left edge of a region (pixel) of one light-emitting unit and a left edge of a region (pixel) of another light-emitting unit that is adjacent to the one light-emitting unit. It should be noted that the above two light-emitting units emit the same (or almost the same viewed by most of people) color of light (e.g., red light, green light or blue light and so on, but it is not limited thereto). In addition, an area of one light-emitting unit may be defined as the boundary of the first semiconductor layer  202  of the light-emitting unit structure from a top-view perspective. 
     In some embodiments, there is a first pitch P 1  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 1  for clear explanation) and another first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 2 ) that is adjacent to the one first light-emitting unit  200 U ( 200 U 1 ) along the first direction (Y direction). The first pitch P 1  is defined as the distance between the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  and the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  along the first direction (Y direction). Alternatively, the first pitch P 1  is defined as the distance between the left edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  and the left edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  along the first direction (Y direction). In some embodiments, there is a second pitch P 2  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 3 ) and one second light-emitting unit  200 R that is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  along the first direction (Y direction). The second pitch P 2  is defined as the distance between the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  and the center point of the second light-emitting unit  200 R along the first direction (Y direction). Alternatively, the second pitch P 2  is defined as the distance between the left edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  and the left edge of the second light-emitting unit  200 R along the first direction (Y direction). In some embodiments, the first pitch P 1  may be different from the second pitch P 2 . In some embodiments, the difference between the first pitch P 1  and the second pitch P 2  may be in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 20 μm. In some embodiments, the difference between the first pitch P 1  and the second pitch P 2  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 20 μm. 
     In addition, in some embodiments, there is a third pitch P 3  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 1 ) and another first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 3 ) that is adjacent to the one first light-emitting unit  200 U ( 200 U 1 ) along a second direction (X direction). The second direction is substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The third pitch P 3  is defined as the distance between the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  and the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  along the second direction (X direction). Alternatively, the third pitch P 3  is defined as the distance between the upper edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  and the upper edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  along the second direction (X direction). In some embodiments, there is a fourth pitch P 4  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 2 ) and one second light-emitting unit  200 R that is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  along the second direction (X direction). The fourth pitch P 4  is defined as the distance between the center point of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  and the center point of the second light-emitting unit  200 R along the second direction (X direction). Alternatively, the fourth pitch P 4  is defined as the distance between the upper edge of the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  and the upper edge of the second light-emitting unit  200 R along the second direction (X direction). In some embodiments, the third pitch P 3  may be different from the fourth pitch P 4.  In some embodiments, the difference between the third pitch P 3  and the fourth pitch P 4  may be in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 20 μm. In some embodiments, the difference between the third pitch P 3  and the fourth pitch P 4  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 20 μm. 
     In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 5 , the first light-emitting unit  200 U (including the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U 1  to  200 U 3 ) and the second light-emitting unit  200 R that emit the same (or almost the same) color of light (e.g., blue light, but it is not limited thereto) are selected to compare the first pitch P 1  and the second pitch P 2  or to compare the third pitch P 3  and the fourth pitch P 4 . In some embodiments, the first light-emitting unit  200 U (including the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U 1  to  200 U 3 ) and the second light-emitting unit  200 R may, for example, emit red light, green light, yellow light or white light. In some embodiments, the first light-emitting unit  200 U (including the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U 1  to  200 U 3 ) or the second light-emitting unit  200 R emits blue light, while a wavelength conversion layer (e.g., including quantum dot materials or organic fluorescent materials) may be additionally disposed over the first light-emitting unit  200 U (including the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U 1  to  200 U 3 ) or the second light-emitting unit  200 R. The blue light is excited by the wavelength conversion layer to generate the light of other colors, for example, including red light or green light, but it is not limited thereto. 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 6 , which is a top-view diagram of an electronic device  100 D (the top-view diagram in the X-Y plane) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. In the embodiment shown in  FIG. 6 , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting unit  200 R of the electronic device  100 D may emit the light of different colors. For example, a part of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R may emit red light, a part of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R may emit green light, and a part of the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R may emit blue light. For example, the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U or the second light-emitting units  200 R, which are illustrated with the same pattern, may emit light of the same color. 
     Similarly, in this embodiment, there is a first pitch P 1  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 1 ) and another first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 2 ) that is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  along the first direction. There is a second pitch P 2  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 3 ) and one second light-emitting unit  200 R that is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit  200 U 3  along the first direction. In some embodiments, the first pitch P 1  may be different from the second pitch P 2 . In some embodiments, the difference between the first pitch P 1  and the second pitch P 2  may be in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 20 μm. In some embodiments, the difference between the first pitch P 1  and the second pitch P 2  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 20 μm. 
     In addition, in this embodiment, there is a third pitch P 3  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 1 ) and one second light-emitting unit  200 R that is adjacent to the one first light-emitting unit  200 U 1  along the second direction. There is a fourth pitch P 4  between one first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 2 ) and another first light-emitting unit  200 U (indicated as  200 U 3 ) that is adjacent to the first light-emitting unit  200 U 2  along the second direction. In some embodiments, the third pitch P 3  may be different from the fourth pitch P 4.  In some embodiments, the difference between the third pitch P 3  and the fourth pitch P 4  may be in a range from about 0.1 μm to about 20 μm. In some embodiments, the difference between the third pitch P 3  and the fourth pitch P 4  may be in a range from about 1 μm to about 20 μm. 
     Next, refer to  FIG. 7 , which is a top-view diagram of an electronic device  100 E (the top-view diagram in the X-Y plane) in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The embodiment shown in  FIG. 7  is similar to the embodiment shown in  FIG. 5 , and the difference between them is that the electronic device  100 E shown in  FIG. 7  is a tiled electronic device. As shown in  FIG. 7 , the at least part of the plurality of first light-emitting units  200 U and the second light-emitting units  200 R are disposed on adjacent but different third substrates  402 . 
     To summarize the above, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method for manufacturing the electronic device can replace (or repair) the light-emitting units in batches. Specifically, the method provided in the present disclosure can replace several light-emitting units at the same time and be unrestricted by the size of the light-emitting unit, and therefore can be applied to the light-emitting units of various sizes. In addition, the method can improve the replacement efficiency or yield of the light-emitting unit in a micro LED device. 
     Although some embodiments of the present disclosure and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. For example, it will be readily understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that many of the features, functions, processes, and materials described herein may be varied while remaining within the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the present disclosure, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps. 
     Moreover, the scope of each claim in claim configured to build a separate embodiment, and the scope of the present disclosure also includes the various combinations of the claims and the embodiments. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.