Patent Publication Number: US-6216592-B1

Title: Double printing unit of a rotary printing machine

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates printing machines, and more particularly, to a double printing unit of a rotary printing machine which can be switched off for a rapid production change, while the web continues to be led through between the transfer cylinders which have been moved out of contact. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     DE 93 11 113 U1 shows a double printing unit serving as a single printing unit, in which the form and transfer cylinders are arranged one above another. All four printing-unit cylinders have a drive connection to spur gears located on their journals. The drive is provided by means of a main shaft via a bevel-gear mechanism and an intermediate gear on one of the spur gears of the transfer cylinders. This drive can be disengaged by means of a clutch when the double printing unit is switched off for a plate change needed in the event of a production change. In order to put the drive back into service, the double printing unit is accelerated by means of an auxiliary drive, then coupled to the main shaft and finally printing is thrown on. 
     In the case of the single printing unit, the transfer cylinders have to be thrown relatively far off in the thrown-off state in order to lead the web which is printed, or is to be printed, by other printing units horizontally through between the transfer cylinders without contact. However, in order to prevent the spur wheels from being disengaged, limits are placed on the extent of the spacing. It is also necessary for there to be sufficient tooth engagement in order to accelerate a double printing unit of this type before printing is switched on in the event of a production change. Guide rolls are therefore provided upstream and downstream of the double printing unit. The guide rolls aid in the leading of the web through and between the transfer cylinders spaced apart from one another. The guide rolls make the double printing unit costly. Furthermore, ink is deposited on them, and, in a reverse action, is smeared on the web again. 
     According to Swiss Patent 549 471, the transfer cylinders of a double printing unit are each mounted in levers which can be pivoted around the associated form cylinder. The form and transfer cylinders and the transfer cylinders have a mechanical drive connection via spur gears on their journals. For the purpose of throwing off the printing, the levers, together with the transfer cylinders, are pivoted by means of toggle levers acting on the journals of the transfer cylinders. When such a double printing unit is used as a single printing unit, again the transfer cylinders have to be thrown off relatively far, in order to make it possible to lead through the web printed or to be printed by other printing units in this thrown-off state. However, the aforementioned limits are placed on the extent of the spacing, in order to prevent the transfer cylinders from being disengaged and, in addition, there is still sufficient tooth engagement in order to stop and accelerate the switched-off double printing unit. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,458,590 shows a double printing unit with printing-unit cylinders arranged one above another, which are all mounted in side walls by means of eccentric bushes. Here, too, limits are placed on the throw-off distances of the transfer cylinders, in order that engagement conditions which are still sufficiently good are provided for the spur gears in the thrown-off state. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is based on the object of providing a double printing unit in which large throw-off distances of the transfer cylinders can be realized. 
     According to an embodiment of the invention, this and other objects are achieved by virtue of the ability of all the printing-unit cylinders to be adjusted, thereby enabling large distances between the transfer cylinders to be realized, and which render the guide rolls for guiding the web through the print throw-off gap superfluous. An associated saving in costs and improvement in the print quality are also achieved. Furthermore, dispensing with the tooth engagement of the transfer cylinders removes the associated throw-off limits. 
     The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of the disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages, and specific objects attained by its use, reference should be had to the drawing and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated and described preferred embodiments of the invention. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention is to be explained in more detail below using some exemplary embodiments. In the associated drawings: 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a double printing unit with printing-unit cylinders mounted in eccentric bushes according to an embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the double printing unit of FIG. 1; and 
     FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a double printing unit having printing-unit cylinders mounted in pivotable supports according to an embodiment of the invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENTLY PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The double printing unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains the two printing units  1 ,  2 , each having a form cylinder  3 ,  4  and each having a transfer cylinder  5 ,  6 . The form and transfer cylinders  3  to  6 , also referred to as printing-unit cylinders in the following text, each bear a spur gear  11  to  14  on their drive-side journals  7  to  10 , with which the form cylinder  3 ,  5  and the transfer cylinder  4 ,  6  of a printing unit  1 ,  2  in each case have a drive connection (FIG.  2 ). On the other hand, the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  do not have a drive connection via their spur gears  13 ,  14 . For this purpose, the spur gears  13 ,  14  are provided with an appropriate negative profile displacement. In order to maintain the required engagement relationships with the predefined axle spacings of the form and transfer cylinders  3 ,  5  and  4 ,  6 , respectively, the spur gears  11 ,  12  have a positive profile displacement. If the profile displacements were to be dispensed with, the spur gears  11 ,  13  of the printing unit  1  and the spur gears  12 ,  14  of the printing unit  2  could also be arranged in two different planes. By way of example, spur gears  11 . 1 ,  13 . 1  of this type have been drawn in thin form in FIG.  2 . 
     Each printing unit  1 ,  2  is driven by its own electric motor  15 ,  16 , the electric motor  15 ,  16  advantageously engaging with a pinion  17 ,  18  in the spur gear  13 ,  14  of the respective transfer cylinder  5 ,  6 . By arranging the electric motors on the bisectors of the setting angle between the thrown-on position B and the thrown-off position A, the rotational play of the flanks of the pinion  17 ,  18  and the spur gear  13 ,  14  in the thrown-on and thrown-off positions is kept low. The electric motors  17 ,  18  are advantageously designed as asynchronous motors. 
     The form and transfer cylinders  3  to  6  are mounted on both sides in side walls  19 ,  20 . For this purpose, journals  7  to  10  and  21  to  24  are each accommodated in eccentric bushes  25  to  32  arranged so as to rotate in the side walls  19 ,  20 . 
     The actions of throwing on and throwing off the double printing unit are carried out by means of the eccentric bushes  25  to  32 . In the position B of the eccentric bushes  25  to  32  (this position is not illustrated), the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  are thrown onto each other, and the form cylinders  3 ,  4  are thrown onto the respectively adjacent transfer cylinder  5 ,  6 . (Such a thrown-on state is shown in FIG.  3 ). When the printing unit  1  is driven by means of the electric motor  15  via pinion  17  and spur gears  13 ,  11 , and the printing unit  2  is driven by means of the electric motor  16  via pinion  18  and spur gears  14 ,  12 , web  33  is printed on both sides by the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6 . For this purpose, the printing image is transferred from printing forms located on the form cylinders  3 ,  4  to a transfer form respectively on the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6 . In the exemplary embodiment, use is made of finite printing forms  34 ,  35  and rubber blankets  36 ,  37  as the transfer form. Likewise, the printing forms and/or the transfer forms could be designed like sleeves. This is an indirect printing process, for example offset printing or gravure printing. The inking units for inking the printing plates  34 ,  35  and, if appropriate, the damping units in the case of offset printing, are not illustrated. The inking units are advantageously driven by the spur gear  11 ,  12  of the respective form cylinder  3 ,  4 , by which flank changes caused by play in the drive gear train  17 ,  13 ,  11  and  18 ,  14 ,  12 , respectively, of the printing units  1 ,  2  are avoided. 
     By rotating the eccentric bushes  25  to  32  into the thrown-off position A, the double printing unit is thrown off. In the process, the form cylinder  3 ,  4  is set away from the respective transfer cylinder  5 ,  6  by a greater amount from the respective transfer cylinder  5 ,  6  than the transfer cylinder  5 ,  6  is set away from its neighbor. As a result, a gap a 1  is established between the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6 , and a gap a 2  is established between form and transfer cylinders  3 ,  5  and  4 ,  6  respectively. For example, the gap a 1  can be dimensioned to be about 20 mm and the gap a 2  can be dimensioned to be about 2 mm. The web  33  coming from a preceding printing unit can be led through this large gap to a following printing unit without the requirement for guide rolls, while, for example, the printing forms are being replaced in the switched-off double printing unit for a production change. The action of throwing off the printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6  can also be varied, for example in such a way that the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  thrown off each other remain in contact with the associated form cylinder  3 ,  4 . This configuration renders a special pressure roll superfluous during a printing plate change. By virtue of the ability of all the form and transfer cylinders  3  to  6  to be adjusted locally, their axes can advantageously be arranged approximately in one plane. 
     The form and transfer cylinders  3  to  6  can also be cantilever-mounted in only one side wall  19 . In this case, the side wall  20  and the eccentric bushes  29  to  32  are rendered superfluous. Sleeve-like printing and transfer forms of such cantilever-mounted printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6  can easily be changed. 
     If the form cylinders  3 ,  4  and/or the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  are fitted with sleeve-like printing forms or with rubber sleeves, the journals on the operating side of these printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6  are designed such that they are capable of being exposed. In addition, in this case the side wall  20  on the operating side has an opening  47 , through which sleeve-like printing forms or transfer forms can be slid off or onto the printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6 . An embodiment of this type is drawn with thin lines in FIG.  2 . The opening  47  can be closed by displaceable doors  38 , in which the eccentric bushes  29 . 1  to  32 . 1  are mounted when they are closed. Details on these displaceable doors can be found in commonly assigned pending U.S. application Ser. No. 09/165,023 filed on Sep. 30, 1998 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,050,190, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     In the following exemplary embodiment, for reasons of simplicity, to a large extent the previous reference symbols are maintained for repeated or similar components. FIG. 3 shows a double printing unit having the printing units  1  and  2 , each of which contains a form cylinder and a transfer cylinder  3  to  6 . These printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6  are mounted on both sides or cantilever-mounted in supports  39  to  42 , which are fixed in the frame of the double printing unit such that they can be pivoted. In order to dispense with a further figure, the supports  39  to  42  have also been drawn in thin form in FIG.  2 . Embodiments relating to the arrangement of such supports have been described in commonly assigned U.S. application Ser. No. 09/034,781 filed on Mar. 4, 1998 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,019,039, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The form and transfer cylinders  3 ,  5  and  4 ,  6  of each printing unit  1 ,  2  have a drive connection to each other via spur gears  11 ,  13  and  12 ,  14 ,while the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  are not in tooth engagement via their spur gears  13 ,  14 . In order to implement this condition, again the possibilities mentioned in the previous exemplary embodiment are suggested, for which reason repeated descriptions will be dispensed with. For each printing unit  1 ,  2 , an electric motor  15 ,  16  is provided as the drive, which engages with its pinion  17 ,  18  in the spur gear  13 ,  14  of the transfer cylinder  5 ,  6 . The form cylinders  3 ,  4  are fitted, for example, with printing-form sleeves  43 ,  44 , and the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  are fitted with rubber sleeves  45 ,  46 . Printing plates  34 ,  35  and/or rubber blankets  36 ,  37  could also be used instead. 
     The motor  15  drives the printing-unit cylinders  3 ,  5  of the printing unit  1  via the pinion  17  and the spur gears  13 ,  11 . The motor  16  drives the printing-unit cylinders  4 ,  6  of the printing unit  2  via the pinion  18  and the spur gears  14 ,  12 . In the thrown-on position B of the supports  39  to  42  (as shown), the web  33  is printed on both sides. In order to throw the double printing unit off, the supports  39  to  42  are pivoted into the position A (thrown-off position). A gap a 1  is established between the transfer cylinders  5 ,  6  and a gap a 2  being established between the transfer cylinder  5  and form cylinder  3  and the transfer cylinder  6  and form cylinder  4  in each case. This position is not drawn in FIG. 3, but reference is made to the identical position of the printing-unit cylinders  3  to  6  in FIG.  1 . Also, with regard to further functional explanations, reference is made to the previous exemplary embodiment in order to avoid repetitions. 
     The invention is not limited by the embodiments described above which are presented as examples only but can be modified in various ways within the scope of protection defined by the appended patent claims.