Patent Publication Number: US-2023149792-A1

Title: Selection of a sports club, racket or bat using ground pressure forces applied by the player in a stroke

Description:
This invention relates to an apparatus or method for use in selection of a sports club, stick, racket or bat or other impact element for a player using ground pressure forces applied by the player during a swing or stroke using the impact element. The invention is particularly applicable to golf, but is also applicable to other impact sports using impact elements such as baseball bats, various rackets for different racket sports, hockey sticks and cricket bats. 
     Mats or plates for measuring the forces applied to the ground by a player during a playing stroke are available and have been typically used for teaching the player how to change or improve the stroke. 
     The apparatus herein uses an analysis of certain forces from the stroke to make a selection of an impact element, club or shaft from a set of the elements available to the player. 
     The same apparatus can be used where the output signals from the mat or plate are used for measuring performance benefits of variable shoe design, the selection of proper shaft grip, glove, etc. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The current method for fitting Golf clubs, Baseball or Cricket bats, or Hockey sticks to a player is to measure the speed of the projectile using what is known as a launch monitor and then picking a shaft of the body of the impact element based on estimated profiles. 
     This is however a crude system based primarily on one parameter which is the speed of the impact element at the impact point which generates a velocity of the game element in the form of the ball, puck or other element. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus or method by which a most suitable impact element such as a club, or the shaft of a club, can be selected for the player. 
     According to the invention there is provided an apparatus for use in a sporting activity where a game element is impacted by an impact element swung by a player, the apparatus comprising: 
     a set of manually operable impact elements for striking the game element in an impact;   each of the manually operable elements having a shaft or body which flexes throughout the swing, prior to and post impact;   each one of the set of manually operable elements having a shaft or body which flexes throughout the swing differently from others of the set;   a pressure sensing mat or plate upon which the player places both feet while carrying out a sample swing or stroke;   the pressure sensing mat or plate measuring forces applied by both feet of the player during the stroke and generating output signals dependent on the measured forces;   and a processor for calculating a selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player depending on the output signals.   

     Preferably in one embodiment, the pressure sensing mat or plate provides an output signal indicative of vertical forces and lateral forces, both heel to toe and side to side. 
     Also the output signals include data relating to lateral speed, both heel to toe and side to side applied by the feet of the player during the swing or stroke. The speed can be obtained from a movement of the center or pressure which defines a moving center which can be tracked and its speed of movement tracked in one or more directions. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the processor uses an algorithm which uses a combination of selected ones of the above metrics for calculating a selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player, 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the processor uses an algorithm which uses a combination of selected ones of the above metrics to determine a load factor applied on a shaft or body during a swing for use in calculating a selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player, 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the processor uses an algorithm which uses a combination of the following metrics for calculating a selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player. 
     Total mass applied to the mat by the player during the swing;
     Horizontal forces in one or more directions;   Horizontal speed which may be determined from the movement of the center pr pressure;   Vertical forces typically at impact but also optionally at different locations through the swing.   

     Preferably in one embodiment, the algorithm uses a combination of some or all of the metrics at impact to determine the overall load applied on a shaft or body during a swing. The load factor can be determined at impact or at various positions during the swing. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the algorithm uses a combination of some or all of the metrics to calculate a load factor value associated with the player and the swing of the player. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the algorithm uses the load factor value to select said one of the set most suitable for use by the player. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the mat generates an output related to movement of a center of pressure applied by the feet of the player to the mat. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the mat generates an output related to a transition of the weight of the player from one foot to the other during the swing. In some cases this can be done by monitoring the center or pressure. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, each of the set of manually operable elements has a shaft or body which contains sections along its length with different levels of flexibility between the sections so that the sections of each element of the set are different from the sections of others of the set. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, each element of the set is provided with a visually distinguishable code or combination of codes so as to distinguish from the other elements of the set and wherein the processor is arranged to provide an output indicative of the code for the selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player depending on the output signals. 
     Preferably in one embodiment, the visually distinguishable codes comprise a set of different colors. 
     On that premise, speed of the projectile is an antiquated system in comparison to actually measuring with the ground and an algorithm specifically designed to utilize metrics in the X-Y-Z axes to determine actual load and unload profiles generated during these swing sports swings as correlated to a matrix for proper color code shaft and body type selection” 
     Many suppliers provide a device for use as a mat in measuring forces applied by a player to the ground during a stroke or swing of a club or bat. One example is Swing Catalyst who have both video and mat mapping systems to analyze a swing of the player such as in golf or baseball. 
     Some examples of such devices are shown in U.S. Pat. 7,946,928 of Mooney U.S. Pat. 8,966,997 issued Mar. 3, 2015 by Taylor and Published application 2011/0260890 of Initial Force in Norway. The disclosures of each of the above is incorporated herein by reference. 
     Pressure mats are capable of showing a complete Pressure Mapping Picture of the pressure generated during your golf swing in all directions, Side to Side, Heel to Toe, Down and Up 
     Software systems integrated to pressure mats present unique data during and after each swing. Synchronized video replay allows the player to dissect all aspects of the swing while comparing it to vital measurements such as center of pressure (COP) trace, velocity, and weight distribution. 
     Such systems can provide various data and for example such as system may provide data on some or all of the following: 
     COP Center of Pressure (COP) is the Average of all the forces created by gravity between the feet of the player while standing on the sensing mat.   Vertical Force is based on the unit total of 1 when the player stands on the sensing mat the relative downward force generated by each foot and the sum thereof.   Swing Analysis : generates a complete Pressure Mapping Picture of the pressure generated during the golf swing in all directions, Side to Side, Heel to Toe, Down and Up   Lead Side: Front Side of the Golfer closest to target   Trail Side: Back Side of the Golfer furthest to target   Velocity Chart : Speed of COP measured in Lateral, and Heel to Toe motion   Vertical Force Chart : Relative value Pressure down during the golfers swing, referred to as Vertical based on the notion that in golf down is up   Release Factor : Time from Peak Velocity to Impact   Peak Velocity : Point in Time of fastest lateral motion   

     The system can be operated to use the above data to provide the following indications of the characteristics of the swing of the player allowing analysis of the swing which can lead to an improvement: 
     Scattered Trace : COP Pressure Moves randomly during a golfers swing in all directions   Fish Hook Trace : COP Pressure Moves towards the toes in the downswing creating a pattern that looks like a Fish Hook   Lateral Trace : COP Pressure Moves straight back then into the toes and or the heels and forms a parallel line towards impact   Linear Trace : COP Pressure Moves straight back and through during your swing   Abbreviated Trace : COP Pressure Moves back not very far to the Trail Side and then straight through to impact   Squirrel Trace : Can be a Lateral and or Linear Trace, but just prior to impact the COP Pressure makes a little circle, going back but then forward again prior to impact   Heel to Toe Trace : COP Trace moves straight from the trail side to the lead toe at or near impact   Z Trace : COP Trace looks like a Heel to Toe Trace but prior to impact the COP Pressure moves straight back to the trail side   Back Up: COP Pressure Moves backwards and stays there prior to impact   

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       One embodiment of the invention will now be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which: 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic illustration of the system according to the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic illustration of the display of the apparatus of  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  3    is an illustration of one club or bat of the set to be selected. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The apparatus for use in a sporting activity includes a game element (not shown) which is impacted by an impact element or club or bat  10  swung by a player. The set of clubs or bats is shown in  FIG.  3    where a single one is shown. The clubs or bats are arranged for striking the game element in an impact and include a handle end  11  and a striking end or club head  12 . 
     Each of the clubs has a shaft or body  13  which flexes throughout the swing, prior to and post impact and includes a set of sections 13A, 13B, 13C and 13D which are arranged to have different flexibility profiles and selected so that the flexibility profile of each shaft of the set is different from each of the others. In this way each club and its associated shaft has a characteristic flexibility profile suitable for a player having a characteristic load factor during the swing. 
     A pressure sensing mat  14  is provided upon which the player places both feet  15  while carrying out a sample swing or stroke. The pressure sensing mat includes a sensor array of the type referenced above measuring forces applied by both feet of the player during the swing or stroke and generating raw data signals from the sensors dependent on the measured forces to a control and analysis processor  16 . The processor  16  uses those raw force data signals to calculate output signals indicative of vertical forces, lateral forces, both heel to toe and side to side, lateral speed, both heel to toe and side to side applied by the feet of the player during the swing or stroke. 
     The output signals of the above parameters are supplied to a processor  18  for calculating a selected club  10  of the set most suitable for use by the player depending on the output signals. 
     That is, the processor  18  uses an algorithm which uses a combination of selected ones of the output signals for calculating load factor applied to the club or shaft by the player during the stroke and thus a selected one of the set most suitable for use by the player. 
     As shown in  FIG.  2   , a display of the output from the processor  18  is made available to the player at an output display  19 . This shows the calculated load factor at the left of a column  19 A and shows color codes associated with different load factors at  19 B. thus a player after the trial swing or swings is given information relating to the load factor as calculated from the algorithm using the selected ones of the output signals and to the color code associated with that load factor. These color codes are applied to a suitable location on the club  10  so that the player can take the selected club according to the color code. 
     The selected output signals can use the following: 
     Total mass applied to the mat by the player during the swing   Horizontal force   Horizontal speed;   Vertical forces at impact   

     Also the output signals from the mat are used for measuring performance benefits of variable shoe design, the selection of proper shaft grip, glove, etc. 
     Since various modifications can be made in my invention as herein above described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the spirit and scope of the claims without department from such spirit and scope, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.