Patent Publication Number: US-8537985-B2

Title: Mobile business client

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/784,105 filed on Apr. 4, 2007 now U.S. Pat. No. 8,102,975, which is entitled “VOICE BUSINESS CLIENT,” the benefit of priority of which is claimed hereby, and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The subject mater herein relates to computer software and client-server based applications and, more particularly, to a voice business client. 
     BACKGROUND INFORMATION 
     Networked computer software applications today can be delivered to users in many different ways on many different device types. Such applications can be delivered over wired and wireless networks and even over voice networks through interactive voice response systems. The devices can include personal computers, personal digital assistants (PDA), mobile telephones, hybrid telephone/PDAs, and other devices. 
     Development of a networked computer application for delivery over a certain type of network to a particular device type typically requires customized development. For example, if the application is to be delivered over a voice network, a custom voice application needs to be developed. If the application is to be delivered over a wireless network to a mobile telephone or hybrid telephone/PDA device, such as a Blackberry, the application needs to be customized for the particular Blackberry device. Such device and network customization of computer software applications results in duplicated efforts and multiple codesets that provide essentially the same functionality, just through a different delivery mechanism. The result is an interwoven web of essentially redundant applications that are expensive to develop, maintain, and track. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a logical block diagram of a system according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a user interface diagram according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a block flow diagram of a method according to an example embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Various embodiments described herein provide systems, methods, and software that consume application interaction models, transform those models in response to a client request into a format that may be processed by the requesting client, and communicate the transformed application interaction model to the requesting client. In some such embodiments, as will be further described below, an application may be modeled once, but be consumable by multiple different client types through the use of transformation clients. In some embodiments, a transformation client transforms a client and network agnostic application interaction model to a format of a specific client type. These and other embodiments are illustrated and described herein. 
     In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the inventive subject matter may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice them, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural, logical, and electrical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the inventive subject matter. Such embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to, individually and/or collectively, herein by the term “invention” merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. 
     The following description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limited sense, and the scope of the inventive subject matter is defined by the appended claims. 
     The functions or algorithms described herein are implemented in hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware in one embodiment. The software comprises computer executable instructions stored on computer readable media such as memory or other type of storage devices. The term “computer readable media” is also used to represent carrier waves on which the software is transmitted. Further, such functions correspond to modules, which are software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. Multiple functions are performed in one or more modules as desired, and the embodiments described are merely examples. The software is executed on a digital signal processor, ASIC, microprocessor, or other type of processor operating on a system, such as a personal computer, server, a router, or other device capable of processing data including network interconnection devices. 
     Some embodiments implement the functions in two or more specific interconnected hardware modules or devices with related control and data signals communicated between and through the modules, or as portions of an application-specific integrated circuit. Thus, the exemplary process flow is applicable to software, firmware, and hardware implementations. 
       FIG. 1  is a logical block diagram of a system  100  according to an example embodiment. The system  100  may include multiple clients  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108  that may be of varied client types. In some embodiments, the client types may include a personal digital assistant (“PDA”)  102 , a personal computer  104 , a telephone  106 ,  108 , or other device types. 
     The system  100  allows the clients  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108  to execute, or otherwise interact with, an application that exists as an interaction model in a model repository  132  and executes in an application runtime environment  130  using, and against, data and processes located in one or more data sources  134  or other applications and processes. In some embodiments, the application runtime environment  130  executes on an application server  116 . The application runtime environment  130 , in typical embodiments, includes processes that retrieve application interaction models from the model repository  132 , evaluate a retrieved model to identify data or other processes referenced by the retrieved model, retrieve the referenced data and call the referenced processes, and provide the model and data to a requesting transformation service client  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128 . 
     In some embodiments, the runtime environment  130  communicates with the transformation service clients  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  in client-agnositc messages encoded according to a markup-language standard. In some embodiments, the markup language is eXtensible Markup Language (“XML”), or a derivative thereof. In some embodiments, the XML derivative is Small Client XML or State Chart XML. 
     The transformation service clients  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  makeup a group of transformation services  118 . Each transformation service client  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  is targeted toward servicing application interactions from certain client types. For example, there may be transformation service clients for mobile clients  120  such as mobile telephone web browsers, browser clients  122  such as personal computer web browsers, VoiceObject clients  124  to interact with and provide interactive voice response application services to a VoiceObjects server  114  available from VoiceObjects of San Mateo, Calif. The transformation services may also include transformation service clients for voiceXML clients  126  to interact with a voiceXML enabled voice gateway  110  and other clients  128  to interact with gateways or directly with clients of various other types. 
     In some embodiments, the transformation service clients  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  are operative to receive an application interaction request, directly or indirectly, from a requestor, such as one or more of the clients  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108 , in a format of the client, transform that request into a client-agnostic format, such as SCXML, and communicate that request to the runtime environment  130 . The runtime environment  130  then processes that request by retrieving an application interaction model from the model repository  132 . The runtime environment  130  further processes the retrieved model to call any referenced methods or services within the model and to retrieve any referenced data. The retrieved model is then rendered into the client-agnostic format and communicated to the requesting transformation service client. 
     In some such embodiments, the transformation service client then applies transformation rules to the rendered model to transform the rendered model into a client specific format. In some embodiments, the client specific format includes one or more of hypertext markup language (“HTML”), one or more browser-executable scripting languages, XML, VoiceXML, VoiceObjectsXML, or other format depending on the specific client type or client surrogate. 
     A client surrogate may include a gateway, such as a voice gateway  110 ,  112  that further processes the client specific formatted data, such as by executing the client specific formatted data as a voice application provided to an end-client, such as a wired or wireless telephone  106 ,  108 . In some such embodiments, more than one client surrogate may exist between the end-client and the transformation service client. For example, a VoiceObjects server  114  may interact directly with the VoiceObject client  124  and also directly with the voice gateway  112  that handles connections to telephone calls into the VoiceObjects server  114 . 
     In some embodiments, the application server  116  is a J2EE compliant application server. The application server  116  may execute on virtually any hardware platform, such as a Windows-based or a Unix-based hardware platform. The hardware platform on which the application server  116  executes typically includes a connection to one or more networks. The networks may include one or more of a local area network, a wide area network, a system area network, the Internet, or other local, regional, or global data network. 
     The data sources  134 , in various embodiments, include one or more of a database management system, one or more objects offering services, modules, procedures, or other data processing or storage elements. 
     Models  132  include one or more applications modeled in a client and network agnostic format, sometimes referred to as a channel agnostic format. In some embodiments, the channel agnostic format is a markup-language derivative, such as XML. In other embodiments, the channel agnostic format may be a runtime-environment standard. 
     In some embodiments, the models may include components and subcomponents, such as modules. In some such embodiments, components and subcomponents may be included in one or more models. In some embodiments, a model may be a component or subcomponent. Thus, one model may be built using one or more pre-existing or new developed models. 
     As mentioned above, the runtime environment  130  and transformation service clients  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  execute on an application server  116 . Although only a single application server  116  is illustrated, other embodiments include two or more application servers  116 . The two or more application servers  116  may operate independently of each other in a manner to load balance application demand by clients  102 ,  104 ,  106 ,  108 . In other embodiments, the transformation service clients  120 ,  122 ,  124 ,  126 ,  128  each may be deployed to one or more of the two or more application servers  116 . In yet further embodiments, the two or more application servers  116  may include one or more of the processing portions of the system  100  including the runtime environment  130 , the transformation services  118 , one or more voice gateways  110 ,  112 , client surrogates, or other portions of the system  100  depending on the specific embodiment. 
       FIG. 2  is a user interface  200  diagram according to an example embodiment. The user interface  200 , in some embodiments, is modeled in a channel agnostic format, such as SCXML. In such an embodiment, a transformation service, such as a voice transformation service client, receives a request from a user, such as from user request received via a voice gateway. The voice transformation service receives a request for a voice application, or a portion thereof. The voice transformation service forwards that request to a runtime environment which retrieves the requested application, or portion thereof from a model repository. The runtime environment processes the retrieved model to piece together retrieved data and model portions and forwards the processed model to the voice transformation service client. The voice transformation service client then transforms the SCXML, or other format, of the model to a format of necessary to deliver the application of the model to the user. The following discussion of the user interface  200  includes a presentation of SCXML which is then transformed by an engine of a transformation service client, such as voice transformation service client (e.g., Voice Object Client  124  and VoiceXML client  126  of  FIG. 1 ). 
     The user interface  200  is a graphical representation of a portion of an application. The user interface  200  is useful to perform a data search according to three specific parameters and a command to perform an additional action when providing search results. The user interface  200  is useful to visualize what is occurring when the model that will be described is transformed from the SCXML channel agnostic format to the voice client specific format. 
     First, the user interface  200  is better thought of as an interaction model. A model, as described herein, is a model of a means for interacting with the underlying application functionality. The model may be transformed into virtually any user interface, depending on the specific transformation service clients. Some such transformation service clients may include browser transformation service clients, voice transformation service clients, PDA transformation service clients, or transformation service clients for other devices. 
     The interaction model underlying the user interface  200  includes a header portion  202 , a body  204 , and an action portion  218 . The header portion  202  includes a title of the application which may be transformed by some transformation service clients, such as a web browser transformation service client, while other transformation service clients may ignore the title, such as certain voice transformation service clients. The header portion  202  may also include global application interaction functionality, such as help availability, logon and logout functionality, forward and backward commands, and the like. 
     The body  204  and action portion  218  of the user interface  200  include various elements and controls. These elements and controls include a welcome message  206 , an instruction message  208 , three parameter input elements  210 ,  212 ,  214 , and an input  216  which will cause additional output to be provided. The action portion  218  also provides action controls to submit the input into the user interface  200  back to the system. 
     In the present embodiment, the various elements and controls are provided to a voice transformation service client in SCXML. The voice transformation service client then transforms the SCXML into VoiceXML. 
     For example, the welcome message  206  is provided to the voice transformation service client as: 
                                &lt;TextView id=“DefaultTextView” design=“2” text=“Welcome to the         search application!”&gt;                    
The voice transformation service client identifies a pattern of this SCXML, such as by looking to metadata of the SCXML. The voice transformation service client identifies that the pattern is a text label. The voice transformation service client then uses a rule to transform the text label into an appropriate format for rendering by a voice gateway or other device or server. This results in a rendering such as:
 
                                            &lt;output&gt;             &lt;outputItem&gt;               &lt;text&gt; Welcome to the search application!&lt;/text&gt;             &lt;/outputItem&gt;           &lt;/output&gt;                        
This example rendering can be understood by the voice gateway, or other device or server for delivering interactive voice response applications and used to generate a spoken rendition of the rendering.
 
     The instruction message  208  would be processed in a similar manner. 
     The parameter input elements  210 ,  212 ,  214  each include two portions. These portions include a label and an input. The two are generally tied together to allow them to be more easily understood by the transformation services. An example of an SCXML interaction model transformed to VoiceXML is: 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 SCXML 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 &lt;Label id=″label″ labelFor=“numberField″ text=“Material 
               
               
                   
                 Number″&gt; 
               
               
                   
                   &lt;LayoutData&gt;&lt;GridData 
               
               
                   
                     paddingTop=″15px″/&gt;&lt;/LayoutData&gt; 
               
               
                   
                 &lt;/Label&gt; 
               
               
                   
                 &lt;InputField id=“numberField″ tooltip=“Material Number″ 
               
               
                   
                 length=″33″ value.bind=″DJNF.TestUIView.number″&gt; 
               
               
                   
                   &lt;LayoutData&gt;&lt;GridData/&gt;&lt;/LayoutData&gt; 
               
               
                   
                 &lt;/InputField&gt; 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 VoiceXML 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
            
               
                 &lt;input name=“numericField″&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;output type=″initial″&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;outputItem&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;text&gt;input Material Number here&lt;/text&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/outputItem&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;output type=“reprompt″&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;outputItem&gt;&lt;text&gt;Please Input Material Number in form of 
               
               
                       sequence of digits. You can use your keypad. You can skip 
               
               
                       this field by saying skip or press 0.&lt;/text&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/outputItem&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;grammar&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;grammarItem&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;grammarDefinition mode=″voice″ 
               
               
                       grammarType=″builtin″ 
               
               
                         ttg=″true″&gt;digits?minlength=5;maxlength=5&lt;/grammar 
               
               
                         Definition&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;grammarDefinition mode=″dtmf″ grammarType=″builtin″ 
               
               
                         ttg=″true″&gt;digits?minlength=5;maxlength=5&lt;/grammar 
               
               
                         Definition&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/grammarItem&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;/grammar&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;resultHandling&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;item alias=“numericFieldAlias″/&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;/resultHandling&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;eventHandling inheritance=″true″&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;eventHandlingItem continuation=“return″ 
               
               
                     eventType=″noInput″ 
               
               
                     occurrence=″1″ sendSNMPTrap=″false″&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;output&gt;&lt;outputItem&gt;&lt;text&gt;Sorry?&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/outputItem&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/eventHandlingItem&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;eventHandlingItem continuation=″reprompt″ 
               
               
                     eventType=″noInput″ 
               
               
                     occurrence=″2″ sendSNMPTrap=″false″&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;output&gt;&lt;outputItem&gt;&lt;text&gt;Sorry, I still didn&#39;t hear 
               
               
                         you.&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/outputItem&gt;&lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/eventHandlingItem&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;eventHandlingItem continuation=″return″ 
               
               
                     eventType=″noMatch″ occurrence=″1″ 
               
               
                     sendSNMPTrap=″false″&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;output&gt;&lt;outputItem&gt;&lt;text&gt;Sorry?&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/outputItem&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/eventHandlingItem&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;eventHandlingItem continuation=″reprompt″ 
               
               
                     eventType=″noMatch″ occurrence=″2″ 
               
               
                     sendSNMPTrap=″false″&gt; 
               
               
                       &lt;output&gt;&lt;outputItem&gt;&lt;text&gt;Sorry, I still didn&#39;t get 
               
               
                         that.&lt;/text&gt;&lt;/outputItem&gt;&lt;/output&gt; 
               
               
                     &lt;/eventHandlingItem&gt; 
               
               
                   &lt;/eventHandling&gt; 
               
               
                 &lt;/input&gt; 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Such transformations are performed according to transformation rules that are defined within the voice transformation service client. In some embodiments, the transformation rules include rule that identify key words or markup language tags that may be used to identify a start and an end of a particular pattern. Once the start and end of a pattern are identified, additional information can be identified and extracted from a particular model pattern. 
       FIG. 3  is a block flow diagram of a method  300  according to an example embodiment. The example method  300  is a method of receiving and servicing telephone calls over a voice network, such as a public switched telephone network or voice over internet protocol network. 
     The example method  300 , in some embodiments, includes receiving a phone call at a voice gateway and initiating  302 , by the voice gateway, an interactive voice response session with a voice business client in response to a received a telephone call. The method  300  further includes requesting  304 , by the voice business client, and receiving, from an application runtime environment, at least a portion of an application model and transforming  306 , by the voice business client, the received model into a voice gateway executable format. The method  300  also includes transmitting  308  the transformed model to the voice gateway. The voice gateway, in some embodiments, includes a VoiceObjects enabled voice gateway. 
     In some embodiments of the method  300 , the application runtime environment processes the request  304  for the at least a portion of the application model by retrieving the requested portion of the application model from storage and processing the retrieved application model portion to retrieve any additional data identified in the model from one or more data stores. Such embodiments further render the processed application model into a markup-language and communicate the rendered model to the voice business client. 
     In some embodiments, the transforming  306  of the received model into the voice gateway executable format of the method  300  includes evaluating the received model to identify one or more model patterns and selecting one or more transformation rules as a function of the one or more identified model patterns. Some such embodiments then continuing by applying the selected transformation rules to the respective model patterns, the result of which is voice gateway executable instructions. Transforming the received model into the voice gateway executable format may include selecting one or more global transformation rules of the application model and applying the one or more global transformation rules to cause one or more globally available functions to be included in the voice gateway executable instructions. 
     It is emphasized that the Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b) requiring an Abstract that will allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature and gist of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 
     In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to streamline the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments of the invention require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. 
     It will be readily understood to those skilled in the art that various other changes in the details, material, and arrangements of the parts and method stages which have been described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of this invention may be made without departing from the principles and scope of the invention as expressed in the subjoined claims.