Patent Publication Number: US-2022237691-A1

Title: User interface to augment an image

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/494,226, filed Sep. 23, 2014, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The subject matter disclosed herein generally relates to user interface technology. Specifically, the present disclosure addresses systems and methods for a. platform for publishing context relevant media filters, for presentation on the user interfaces of mobile devices. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The number of digital photographs taken with mobile wireless devices is increasingly outnumbering photographs taken with dedicated digital and film based cameras. Thus, there are growing needs to improve the experience associated with mobile wireless digital photography. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present disclosure is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a network diagram depicting a network system having a client-server architecture configured for exchanging data over a network, according to one embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a messaging application. 
         FIG. 3  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a media filter application. 
         FIG. 4A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a user-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 4B  shows an example of a graphical user interface for a user-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 4C  shows an example of an operation of the graphical user interface of  FIG. 4B . 
         FIG. 4D  illustrates an example of a publication of a user-based media filter. 
         FIG. 5A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a merchant-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 5B  illustrates an example of a common geolocation. 
         FIG. 5C  illustrates an example of a graphical user interface for a merchant-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 5D  illustrates an example of a bid from a first merchant using the graphical user interface of  FIG. 5C . 
         FIG. 5E  illustrates an example of a bid from a second merchant using the graphical user interface of  FIG. 5C . 
         FIG. 5F  illustrates an example of an operation of a merchant-based media filter. 
         FIG. 6A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a predefined media filter module. 
         FIG. 6B  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter with live data content. 
         FIG. 6C  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter with dynamic progressive use content. 
         FIG. 6D  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter with promotional content. 
         FIG. 6E  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter with viral content. 
         FIG. 7  shows an interaction diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the user-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 8  shows an interaction diagram illustrating another example embodiment of an operation of the merchant-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 9  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the user-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 10  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the merchant-based media filter publication module. 
         FIG. 11  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the live event module. 
         FIG. 12  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the social network module. 
         FIG. 13  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the promotion module. 
         FIG. 14  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the collection module. 
         FIG. 15  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the progressive use module. 
         FIG. 16  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the viral use module. 
         FIG. 17  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the actionable module. 
         FIG. 18  shows a diagrammatic representation of machine, in the example form of a computer system, within which a set of instructions may be executed to cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. 
         FIG. 19  is a block diagram illustrating a mobile device, according to an example embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Although the present disclosure is described with reference to specific example embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. 
     The addition of labels, drawings and other artwork to images (e.g., pictures or video) provides a compelling way for users to personalize, supplement and enhance these images before storage or publication to a broader audience. An example embodiment seeks to provide users with a set of the geo-filters (e.g., enhancement and augmentations) that can be applied to an image. The set of enhancements and augmentations, in the example form of image overlays, may be determined based on a location associated with the image. The image overlays are presented to a user for selection and combining with an image based on a determined location of the image, or content of the image. For example, where a user takes a picture on a mobile device in Disneyland, an image overlay indicating the name “Disneyland”, in a particular style, is presented to the user. Further Disneyland-themed image overlays may also be presented to the user. The presentation of the image overlay may be in response to the user performing a gesture (e.g. a swipe operation) on a screen of the mobile device. The user is then able to select the image overlay and have it applied to the image, in this way to personalize and enhance the image. 
     Third party entities (e.g., merchants, restaurants, individuals, etc.) may, in one example embodiment, seek to have geo-filters included in the set presented for user selection at a particular geographic location. For example, a restaurant at a particular location in San Francisco may wish to have their restaurant name and logo included in a set of geo-filters presented to a user, for the purposes of augmenting a photograph taken by the user proximate to the restaurant. According to one example embodiment, such third party entities may bid (or otherwise purchase opportunities) to have a particular geo-filter included in a set presented to a user for augmentation of a particular image. Below described are various systems and methodologies that may be used to technically implement the above described image enhancement technologies and capabilities. 
     More specifically, various examples of a media filter publication application are described. The media filter publication application operates at a server and generates media filters that include content based on geographic locations (also referred to as geolocation). A media filter may include audio and visual content or visual effects that can be applied to augment a media item at a mobile device. The media item may be a picture or a video. The media filter publication application includes a user-based media filter publication platform and a merchant-based publication platform. 
     In the user-based media filter publication platform, the media filter publication application provides a Graphical User interface (GUI) for a user to upload content and select a geolocation on a map. For example, the user may upload a logo and define boundaries on the map to identify a particular geolocation associated with the logo. Once the user submits the logo and identifies the particular geolocation, the media filter publication application generates a media filter that includes the logo associated with the particular geolocation. As such, mobile devices that are located within the particular geolocation have access to the media filter. 
     In the merchant-based media filter publication platform, the media filter publication application provides a GUI for merchants to upload content, select geolocations on a map, and submit bids for the corresponding geolocations. A bidding process determines the merchant with the highest bid amount. That merchant can then exclude publication of media filters from other merchants at a selected geolocation of the merchant. Therefore, the media filter of the highest bidding merchant may be the only media filter that can be accessed by mobile devices that are located at the selected geolocation. 
     In other examples, the media filter includes context relevant data, such as, a current temperature, an identification of a geolocation of the mobile device (e.g., Venice beach), a name of a live event associated with the geolocation of the mobile device, or a name of a business. 
     In one example embodiment, a media filter application at a server provides a live event media filter to a mobile device. The live event media filter includes live event data associated with a live event, such as a sporting event or an award ceremony, at a geolocation of the mobile device. For example, a user attending a football game can access a sports media filter that includes the current score of the football game. In another example, a user attending the Oscars award ceremony can access an entertainment media filter that includes a name of an Oscar winner. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application at the server provides a social network media filter to the mobile device. The social network media filter may be based on social network activities of the user of the mobile device. For example, if the user follows a brand such as McDonald&#39;s on a social network service, and the mobile device of the user is located at a McDonald&#39;s restaurant, the mobile device of the user can access a McDonald&#39;s media filter. Other users located at the same restaurant would not have access to the McDonald&#39;s media filter unless they also follow McDonald&#39;s on the social network service. In another example, the order in which the media filters are presented to users located at a McDonald&#39;s restaurant may be modified so that the McDonald&#39;s media filter is served higher for users following McDonald&#39;s on the social network service. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application at the server provides a promotion media filter to a mobile device. The promotion media filter may be based on promotions from a merchant. For example, the media filter may be used to implement a Monopoly™ game at McDonald&#39;s by randomly selecting a media filter every time the user of the mobile device walks into a McDonald&#39;s restaurant and purchases an item. The media filter can be used to obtain Monopoly puzzle pieces that can be redeemed towards prizes. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application at the server enables the mobile device to collect media filters. For example, the mobile filter application provides the mobile device with permanent access to collected media filters. The collected media filters may be stored in a collection portfolio for the mobile device. The mobile device may access any of the media filters in the collection portfolio at any time. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application at the server provides a history media filter to the mobile device. The history media filter may be based on geographic locations of historical sites visited by the user of the mobile device. For example, the mobile device is awarded with a unique media filter associated with one of the Seven Wonders of the World when the mobile device is located at one of the corresponding Seven Wonders geographic locations. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application at the server provides a progressive use media filter to the mobile device. The content in the progressive use media filter changes depending on the number of people that have previously used the progressive use media filter. 
     In one example embodiment, users can “purchase” a geolocation for a predetermined amount of time and select a media filter associated with the geolocation. For example, a college can purchase and select a particular media filter associated with the geolocation of its campus. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application provides a viral media filter to the mobile device. For example, when the user of the mobile device obtains the viral media filter at a geolocation, that user can send the viral media filter to mobile devices located outside the geolocation of the original user. Users of the mobile devices located outside the geolocation of the original user can make use of the viral media filter for the next hour. Those users can also forward the viral media filter to other users. 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application  122  provides an actionable media filter to the mobile device. For example, the actionable media filter can be a link to open a browser page in the mobile device to obtain a coupon. The actionable media filter can trigger other functions of the mobile device. 
     System Architecture 
       FIG. 1  is a network diagram depicting a network system  100  having a client-server architecture configured for exchanging data over a network, according to one embodiment. For example, the network system  100  may be a messaging system where clients may communicate and exchange data within the network system  100 . The data may pertain to various functions (e.g., sending and receiving text and media communication, determining geolocation) and aspects (e.g., publication of media filters, management of media filters) associated with the network system  100  and its users. Although illustrated herein as client-server architecture, other embodiments may include other network architectures, such as peer-to-peer or distributed network environments. 
     A data exchange platform, in an example, includes a messaging application  120  and a media filter application  122 , and may provide server-side functionality via a network  104  (e.g., the Internet) to one or more clients. The one or more clients may include users that utilize the network system  100  and, more specifically, the messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122 , to exchange data over the network  104 . These operations may include transmitting, receiving (communicating), and processing data. to, from, and regarding content and users of the network system  100 . The data may include, but is not limited to, content and user data such as user profiles, messaging content, messaging attributes, media attributes, client device information, geolocation information, photo filters content, messaging content persistence conditions, social network information, and live event data information, among others. 
     In various embodiments, the data exchanges within the network system  100  may be dependent upon user-selected functions available through one or more client or user interfaces (UIs). The Ills may be associated with a client machine, such as client devices  110 ,  112  using a programmatic client  106 , such as a client application. The programmatic client  106  may be in communication with the messaging application  120  and media filter application  122  via an application server  118 . The client devices  110 ,  112  include mobile devices with wireless communication components, and audio and optical components for capturing various forms of media including photos and videos. 
     Turning specifically to the messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122 , an application program interface (API) server  114  is coupled to, and provides programmatic interface to one or more application server(s)  118 . The application server  118  hosts the messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122 . The application server  118  is, in turn, shown to be coupled to one or more database servers  124  that facilitate access to one or more databases  126 . 
     The API server  114  communicates and receives data pertaining to messages and media filters, among other things, via various user input tools. For example, the API server  114  may send and receive data to and from an application (e.g., the programmatic client  106 ) running on another client machine (e.g., client devices  110 ,  112  or a third party server). 
     In one example embodiment, the messaging application  120  provides messaging mechanisms for users of the client devices  110 ,  112  to send messages that include text and media content such as pictures and video. The client devices  110 ,  112  can access and view the messages from the messaging application  120  for a limited period of time, For example, the client device  110  can send a message to the client device  112  via the message application  120 . Once the client device  112  accesses the message from the message application  120 , the message is deleted after a predefined duration has elapsed from the time the client device  112  started viewing the message. Components of the messaging application  120  are described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 2 . 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application  122  provides a system and a method for operating and publishing media filters for messages processed by the messaging application  120 . The media filter application  122  supplies a media filter to the client device  110  based on a geolocation of the client device  110 . In another example, the media filter application  122  supplies a media filter to the client device  110  based on other information, such as, social network information of the user of the client device  110 . 
     The media filter may include audio and visual content and visual effects. Examples of audio and visual content include pictures, texts, logos, animations, and sound effects. An example of a visual effect includes color filtering. The audio and visual content or the visual effects can be applied to a media content item (e.g., a photo) at the client device  110 . For example, the media filter includes text that can be overlaid on top of a photo generated at the client device  110 . In another example, the media filter includes an identification of a location overlay (e.g., Venice beach), a name of a live event, or a name of a merchant overlay (e.g., Beach Coffee House). In another example, the media filter application  122  uses the geolocation of the client device  110  to identify a media filter that includes the name of a merchant at the geolocation of the client device  110 . The media filter may include other indicia associated with the merchant. Examples of indicia include logos and other pictures related to the merchant. The media filters may be stored in the database(s)  126  and accessed through the database server  124 . 
     In one example embodiment, the media filter application  122  includes a user-based publication platform that enables users to select a geolocation on a map, and upload content associated with the selected geolocation. The user may also indicate other circumstances under which a particular media filter should be provided. The media filter application  122  generates a media filter that includes the uploaded content and associates the uploaded content with the selected geolocation. 
     In another example embodiment, the media filter application  122  includes a merchant-based publication platform that enables merchants to select a particular media filter associated with a geolocation via a bidding process. For example, the media filter application  122  associates the media filter of a highest bidding merchant with a corresponding geolocation for a predefined amount of time. Components of the media filter application  122  are described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 3 . 
     Messaging Application 
       FIG. 2  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of the messaging application  120 . The messaging application  120  may be hosted on dedicated or shared server machines (not shown) that are communicatively coupled to enable communications between server machines. The messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122  themselves are communicatively coupled (e.g., via appropriate interfaces) to each other and to various data sources, so as to allow information to be passed between the messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122 , or so as to allow the messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122  to share and access common data. The messaging application  120  and the media filter application  122  may, furthermore, access the one or more databases  126  via the database server(s)  124 . 
     The messaging application  120  is responsible for the generation and delivery of messages between users of the programmatic client  106 . The messaging application  120  may utilize any one of a number of message delivery networks and platforms to deliver messages to users. For example, the messaging application  120  may deliver messages using electronic mail (e-mail), instant message (IM) Short Message Service (SMS), text, facsimile, or voice (e.g., Voice over IP (VoIP)) messages via wired (e.g., the Internet), plain old telephone service (POTS), or wireless networks (e.g., mobile, cellular, WiFi, Long Term Evolution (LTE), Bluetooth). 
     In one example embodiment, the messaging application  120  includes a media receiver module  202 , a media filter application interface  204 , a message generator module  206 , an ephemeral message access module  208 , and an ephemeral message storage module  210 . The media receiver module  202  receives a message from the programmatic client  106  of the client device  110 . The message may include a combination of text, photo, or video. The media receiver module  202  also receives persistence metadata associated with the message. The persistence metadata defines how long a message can be viewed. For example, the user of client device  110  may specify that the message be persistent or can only be viewed or accessed for a user-determined amount of time (e.g., ten seconds). The media filter application interface  204  communicates with the media filter application  122  to access and retrieve a media filter associated with the metadata in the message. The message generator module  206  applies the media filter to the message from the programmatic client  106  to create an ephemeral message and temporarily store the ephemeral message with the ephemeral message storage module  210 . 
     The ephemeral message access module  208  notifies a recipient of the message of the availability of the ephemeral message. The ephemeral message access module  208  receives a request to access the ephemeral message from the recipient and causes the ephemeral message to be displayed on a client device of the recipient for the maximum duration specified in the persistence metadata. Once the recipient views the message for the maximum duration, the ephemeral message access module  208  causes the client device of the recipient to stop displaying the ephemeral message, and deletes the ephemeral message from the ephemeral message storage module  210 . 
     Media Filter Application 
       FIG. 3  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of the media filter application  122 . The media filter application  122  includes a media filter publication module  304  and a media filter engine  306 . 
     The media filter publication module  304  provides a platform for publication of media filters. In an example embodiment, the media filter publication module  304  includes a user-based media filter publication module  314  and a merchant-based media filter publication module  316 . The user-based media filter publication module  314  enables users of client devices (either mobile or web clients) to upload content and select a geolocation for a user-based media filter. The merchant-based media filter publication module  316  enables merchants to upload content, select a geolocation, and submit a bid amount for a merchant-based media filter. The user-based media filter publication module  314  is described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 4A . The merchant-based media filter publication module  316  is described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 5A . 
     The media filter engine  306  generates and supplies a media filter based on the geolocation of a client device. In one example embodiment, the media filter engine  306  includes a predefined media filter module  318 , a user-based media filter module  320 , and a merchant-based media filter module  322 . The media filter may be based on predefined media filters from the predefined media filter module  318 , user-based media filters from the user-based media filter module  320 , and merchant-based media filters from the merchant-based media filter module  322 . 
     The predefined media filter module  318  supplies the client device with one of predefined media filters. Examples of predefined media filters are described in more detail below with respect to  FIG. 6 . 
     The user-based media filter module  320  supplies the client device with a user-based media filter generated by the user-based media filter publication module  314 . The merchant-based media filter module  322  supplies the client device with a merchant-based media filter generated by the merchant-based media filter publication module  316 . 
       FIG. 4A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of the user-based media filter publication module  314 . The user-based media filter publication module  314  includes a user-based content upload module  402 , a user-based geolocation selection module  404 , a user-based duration selection module  406 , and a user-based publication engine  408 . 
     The user-based content upload module  402  receives uploaded content from a user. The content may include a media item such as a photo or a video. The user-based content upload module  402  may be implemented on a web server to allow a user to upload the content using a GUI as illustrated in  FIG. 4B . 
     The user-based geolocation selection module  404  receives geolocation identification information from the user to identify a selected geolocation. The geolocation identification information may include an address, an identification of an establishment already associated with the address, Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates, or a geographic, boundary. For example, the address may include a street number, street address, city, state, and country. The user may also identify a location based on an existing establishment. For example, the geolocation information may include “restaurant x” in Venice Beach. The geographic boundary identifies a region or a zone. For example, the geographic boundary may define a region located within a predetermined radius of an address, a point of interest, or a name of an existing establishment. 
     In one example embodiment, the geolocation identification information may be embedded in a message or communication from a client device to the user-based geolocation selection module  404 . For example, the user of the client device may take a picture of a sunset at Venice Beach and send the picture to the user-based geolocation selection module  404  that may then extract the geolocation attribute from the metadata associated with the picture of the sunset. The user-based geolocation selection module  404  may be implemented on a web server to present a user with a GUI in a web page that allows the user to select the geolocation for the content as illustrated in  FIG. 4C . 
     The user-based duration selection module  406  receives, from the user, time duration information related to the uploaded content and selected geolocation. The time duration may identify a period of time during which the uploaded content is associated with the selected geolocation. Once the period of time has elapsed, the uploaded content is no longer associated with the selected geolocation. For example, if the time duration indicates twenty four hours, the media filter engine  306  makes the user-based media filter available to client devices that are located at the selected geolocation. Once twenty four hours has elapsed, the user-based media filter is no longer accessible by the client devices at the selected geolocation. 
     Other embodiments include a periodic time duration information or specific time duration information. For example, for the periodic time duration information, the user-based media filter is published and made available at the selected geolocation every Sunday (e.g., a religion related media filter available on days of religious services). For the specific time duration information, the user-based media filter is published and made available at the selected geolocation around a specific holiday or date (e.g., Thanksgiving weekend, New Year&#39;s day). 
     The user-based publication engine  408  generates a user-based media filter that associates the uploaded content from the user-based content upload module  402  with the selected geolocation from the user-based geolocation selection module  404 . The user-based publication engine  408  publishes the user-based media. filter to client devices that are located within the selected geolocation for the time duration identified with the user-based duration selection module  406 . 
     In another example embodiment, the user-based publication engine  408  determines that no other user-based media filters exist during the same period of time for the same selected geolocation. The user-based media filter publication engine  408  may publish just one user-based media filter at any time for the same selected geolocation. In another example embodiment, a limit may be placed on the number of user-based media filters available at any time for the same selected geolocation. Thus, the user-based media filter publication engine  408  may publish and make available a limited number of user-based media filters at any time for the same selected geolocation. In another example embodiment, user-based media filters may be published to only contacts or ‘friends’ of the uploading user. 
       FIG. 4B  illustrates an example of a GUI  410  for uploading content and for selecting a geographic region on a map. The GUI  410  includes a map  412 , an upload image box  414 , a select location button  416 , a filter title box  418 , and a submit button  420 . The upload image box  414  enables a user to upload content, (e.g., a picture) to the user-based content upload module  402 . The select location button  416  enables the user to identify a geolocation by drawing boundaries on the map  312  or by inputting an address or a zip code. The identified geolocation is submitted to the user-based geolocation selection module  404 . The filter title box  418  enables the user to submit a name for the media filter. The user may submit the content and the requested geolocation by clicking on the submit button  420 . Once the content and requested geolocation are submitted, the user-based publication engine  408  generates a user-based media filter that includes the uploaded content for the identified geolocation. 
       FIG. 4C  illustrates an example where user identified boundaries points  424 ,  426 ,  428 , and  430  on the map  412  define a geolocation  422 . The user has uploaded a picture of the sun  415  displayed in the upload image box  414 . The user has entered the title of the content “Fun in the sun!” in the filter title box  418 . The user may submit the picture of the sun  415  and the geolocation  422  by clicking on the submit button  420 . Once the picture of the sun  415  and the geolocation  422  are submitted, the user-based publication engine  408  generates a user-based media filter. 
       FIG. 4D  illustrates an example of a publication of a user-based media filter. The media filter application  122  detects that a mobile device  1802  of a user  1816  is located at the geolocation  422 . The media filter application  122  retrieves the user-based media filter  440  corresponding to the geolocation  422  and publishes the user-based media filter  440  to the mobile device  1802 . The user-based media filter  440  is applied to media content  1806  in a display  1804  of the mobile device  1802 . 
       FIG. 5A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of the merchant-based media filter publication module  316 . The merchant-based media filter publication module  316  includes a merchant-based content upload module  502 , a merchant-based geolocation selection module  504 , a merchant-based duration selection module  506 , a merchant-based bidding module  508 , and a merchant-based publication engine  510 . 
     The merchant-based content upload module  502  receives content from a merchant. The content may include a media item such as a picture, a video, a graphic, or a text. The merchant-based content upload module  502  may be implemented on a web server to allow a merchant to upload the content using a webpage. 
     The merchant-based geolocation selection module  504  receives geolocation identification information from the merchant to identify a selected geolocation. The geolocation identification information may include an address of an establishment, an identification of an establishment already associated with the address, GPS coordinates, or a geographic boundary. For example, the address of the establishment may include a street number, street address, city, state, and country. The merchant may also identify a location based on an existing establishment. For example, the geolocation information may include “restaurant x” in Venice beach. The geographic boundary identifies a region or a zone. For example, the geographic boundary may define a region located within a predetermined radius of an address, a point of interest, or a name of an existing establishment. The merchant may further define the geographic boundary by drawing a virtual fence on a map. The merchant-based geolocation selection module  504  may be implemented on a web server to allow a merchant to draw boundaries on a map in a web page. 
     The merchant-based duration selection module  506  receives, from the merchant, time duration information related to the uploaded content and selected geolocation. The time duration may identify a period of time in which the uploaded content is associated with the selected geolocation. Once the period of time has elapsed, the uploaded content is no longer associated with the selected geolocation. Other embodiments include periodic time duration information or specific time duration information. For example, for the periodic time duration information, the merchant-based media filter is published or made available at the selected geolocation (e.g., corner of two identified streets) every Saturday night (e.g., a night club related media filter available every Saturday night). For the specific time duration information, the selected media filter is published or made available at the selected geolocation around a specific date (e.g., party event date). 
     The merchant-based bidding module  508  provides an interface to enable merchants to submit a bid amount for a common geolocation. The common geolocation may include, for example, a same street address. For example, several businesses may have the same street address but different suite numbers in a shopping center.  FIG. 5B  illustrates an example of a common geolocation. 
     Merchant A geolocation boundaries  512  overlaps with merchant B geolocation boundaries  514  to define a common geolocation  516 . Thus, merchants A and B may submit respective bids corresponding to the common geolocation  516 . In one example embodiment, the merchant-based geolocation selection module  504  determines common geolocations from the geolocations selected by the merchants. The merchant-based bidding module  508  identifies a highest bidder for the common geolocation and awards the highest bidder with the ability to exclude other merchant-based media filters from the common geolocation  516  for a predefined amount of time. 
     In another example embodiment, the merchant-based bidding module  508  prorates bid amounts based on their corresponding time duration information. For example, merchant A submits a bid amount of $100 for one day for a specific geolocation. Merchant B submits a bid amount of $160 for two days for the same specific geolocation. The merchant-based bidding module  508  may prorate the bid from merchant B for one day (e.g., $80) and compare both bids for the same period of time (e.g., one day) to determine a highest bidder. 
     The merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a merchant-based media filter that associates the uploaded content of the highest bidder with the geolocation identified by the highest bidder. The merchant-based publication engine  510  publishes the merchant-based media filter to client devices that are located at the geolocation selected by the highest bidder for the time duration identified with the merchant-based duration selection module  506 . Merchant-based media filters from other merchants in the common geolocation  516  are excluded from publication. In another embodiment, a quota may be placed on the number of merchant-based media filters available for the common geolocation  516 . For example, the merchant-based publication engine  510  may publish and make available a limited number of merchant-based media filters (e.g., a maximum of two merchant-based media filters) for the common geolocation  516 . 
     In another example embodiment, the merchant-based publication engine  510  forms a priority relationship that associates the uploaded content of the highest bidder with the geolocation selected by the highest bidder. For example, an order in which media filters are displayed at the client device  110  may be manipulated based on the results from the merchant-based bidding module  508 . A media filter of a merchant with the highest bid may be prioritized and displayed first at the client device  110 . Media filters from other merchants may be displayed at the client device  110  after the media filter of the highest bidder. In another example embodiment, a merchant may be able to bid on all locations at which it maintains a presence. Thus, a restaurant chain may be able to have its media filter(s) published at each of its restaurant chain locations. 
       FIG. 5C  illustrates an example of a GUI  520  for uploading content and for selecting a geolocation on a map. The GUI  520  includes a map  522 , an upload image box  524 , a select location button  526 , a filter title box  528 , a bid amount entry box  530 , a campaign length entry box  532 , and a submission button  534 . The upload image box  524  enables a merchant to upload content (e.g., a picture, a video, or an animation) to the merchant-based content upload module  502 . The selection location button  526  enables the merchant to identify a geolocation by drawing boundaries on the map  522  or by inputting an address or a zip code. The filter title box  528  enables the merchant to submit a name for the media filter. The bid amount entry box  530  enables the merchant to enter a bid amount for the identified geolocation. The campaign length entry box  532  enables the merchant to specify a length of a campaign in which the uploaded content is associated with the identified. geolocation. The merchant may submit the uploaded content and entered information by clicking on the submit button  534 . 
       FIG. 5D  illustrates an example where a merchant A has identified boundaries points  542 ,  544 ,  546 , and  548  on the map  522  to define a geolocation  540 . Merchant A has uploaded a picture  525  displayed in the upload image box  524 . Merchant A has entered a title “Coffee shop A” in the filter title box  528 , a bid amount of $300 in the bid amount entry box  530 , and a campaign length of 30 days in the campaign length entry box  532 . Merchant B submits the picture  525 , the requested geolocation  540 , and other entered information by clicking on the submit button  534 . The merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a media filter for merchant A. 
       FIG. 5E  illustrates an example where another merchant, merchant B, has identified boundaries points  552 ,  554 ,  556 , and  558  on the map  522  to define a geolocation  550 . Merchant B has uploaded a picture  527  displayed in the content upload box  524 . Merchant B has entered a title “Coffee shop B” in the filter title box  528 , a bid amount of $ 500  in the bid amount entry box  530 , and a campaign length of  30  days in the campaign length entry box  532 . Merchant B may submit the picture  527 , the requested geolocation  550 , bid amount, and campaign length by clicking on the submission button  534 . The merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a media filter for merchant B. 
       FIG. 5F  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a merchant-based media filter selected based on a bidding process. The geolocation  540  of merchant A and the geolocation  550  of merchant B overlap at a common geolocation  545 . The user  1816  is located at the common geolocation  545  and uses his mobile device  1802  to generate the media content  1806  (e.g., user  1816  takes a picture) in the display  1804  of the mobile device  1802 . The media filter of the merchant with the highest bid for the common location  545  is published to the mobile device  1802 . in the present example, merchant B has outbid merchant A. As such, media filter  560  of merchant B is provided and displayed in the display  1804  on top of the media content  1806 . The media filter  560  contains the uploaded content from merchant B. In addition, it should be noted that ‘merchant’ in the context of the current example embodiments may include not only entities involved in the trade or sale of merchandise but any other entity as well, including individuals, universities, non-profit organizations, student organizations, clubs, etc. 
       FIG. 6A  shows a block diagram illustrating one example embodiment of the predefined media filter module  318 . The predefined media filter module  318  includes, for example, a live event module  602 , a social network module  604 , a promotion module  606 , a collection module  608 , a progressive use module  610 , a viral use module  612 , an actionable module  614 , and a history aware module  616 . 
     The live event module  602  generates a media filter based on live event information. The live event information may be related to a live game score of a sporting event associated with a corresponding geolocation, or a live news event related to an entertainment or social event associated with a corresponding geolocation. For example, a user of the client device  110  attends a game at a stadium. As such, media metadata from the client device  110  may identify the location of the stadium with a date and time. The live event module  402  uses that information to search for a live event associated with the location of the stadium, date, and time. The live event module  602  retrieves a current or nearly current game score associated with the live sporting event at the stadium (via e.g., the ESPN API). The live event module  602  may also retrieve insignias or team logos associated with the live sporting event. As such, the live event module  602  generates a media filter containing the latest score based on news sources covering the live sporting event. 
     In another example, the user of the client device  110  attends a social event at a venue. Similarly, media metadata identifies the location of the venue with a date and time. The live event module  602  uses that information to search for a live event associated with the location of the venue, date, and time from sources such as a social network server or news media service. The live event module  602  retrieves a news feed associated with the live social event at the venue. As such, the live event module  602  generates a media filter containing information or content based on news retrieved from a news feed associated with the live social event at the venue. 
     The social network module  604  generates a media filter based on social network information of a user of the client device  110 . The social network information may include social network data retrieved from a social network service provider. The social network data may include profile data of the user, “likes” of the user, establishments that the user follows, friends of the user, and postings of the user among others. For example, the media filter associated with a restaurant may be available to the user at the location of the restaurant if the user has identified himself as a fan of the restaurant or indicates a “like” of the restaurant with the social network service provider. In another example, the ranking or priority of displaying the media filter in the client device  110  of the user may be based on the profile of the user or the number of “check-ins” of the user at the restaurant. 
     In another example embodiment, the media filter may be restricted and available only to the user and the social network (e.g., friends or other users in different categories) of the user of the client device  110 . As such, the user may forward the media filter to his friends. 
     The promotion module  606  generates media filters for a promotion (e.g., a game, contest, lottery). For example, a set of unique media filters may be generated. One media filter from the set of unique media filters may be provided to the client device  110  when the client device  110  is at a predefined location associated with the media filters. For example, the user may visit a fast food restaurant. The media metadata from the client device  110  identifies the location of the fast food restaurant. The promotion module  606  retrieves a unique media filter from the set of unique media filters and provides it to the client device  110 . The promotion module  606  may remove the unique media filter from the set of unique media filters after it has been provided to the client device  110 . In another embodiment, the promotion module  406  removes the unique media filter from the set of unique media filters after it has been provided to other client devices for a predefined number of times. 
     The media filter includes content related to a game or promotion. In another example, the media filter may include dynamic content adjusted based on the game or promotion, For example, the dynamic content may include a current number of remaining media filters of the game or promotion. The media filters from the promotion module  606  may be “collected” by the client device  110 . For example, the client device  110  may store the media filter in a collection at the client device  110 . A prize may be redeemed upon collection of each filter of a predefined set of media filters. 
     The collection module  608  generates collectible media filters. For example, the client device  110  is provided with a media filter associated with the geolocation of the client device  110 . The media filter may be collected by the client device  110  and be made permanently available to the client device  110 . The client device  110  may store the collected media filter in a collection folder at the client device  110 . 
     The progressive use module  610  generates media filters with dynamic content that changes based on a number of uses of the media filters. For example, a media filter can be set to be used for a limited number of times. Every time the media filter is provided to a client device, a content of the media filter is adjusted. For example, the media filter may include a fundraising progress bar in which a level of the bar rises every time the media filter is used. The dynamic content in the media filter may include a countdown displaying the number of remaining usage of the media filter. 
     The viral use module  612  generates media filters that can be forwarded to other users outside a geolocation associated with the media filters. For example, the client device  110  receives a media filter based on a geolocation of the mobile device  110 . The client device  110  can send the media filter to mobile device  112  that is outside the geolocation of the mobile device  110 . The forwarded media filter may be available for use by the mobile device  112  for a predefined time limit (e.g., one hour). Similarly, the mobile device  112  may forward the media filter to other mobile devices outside the geolocation of the mobile device  110  for use within the predefined time limit. 
     The actionable module  614  generates media filters with an action associated with a content of the media filter. For example, the media filter can start a browser of the client device  110  and open a predetermined website in the browser. In another embodiment, the media filter is capable of opening other functionalities (e.g., payment application) or executing other programs at the client device  110 . For example, a user can tap on the media filter to download or display a coupon associated with the media filter at the client device  110 . 
     The history aware module  616  generates media filters based on geolocation of the mobile device  110  and historical events associated with the geolocation. For example, a media filter may include pictures of a pyramid associated with the geolocation of the mobile device  110 . The media filters may be collected based on the historical events or, for example, for each of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World. For example, a media filter associated with a national park may be collected when the user visits the national park. The device can collect all media filters associated with all national parks. 
       FIG. 6B  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter  1820  with live data content. The media filter  1820  contains live data associated with a geolocation of the mobile device  1802 . For example, the live data contains a live weather status  1822  and latest score update  1824  of a sporting event associated with the geolocation of the mobile device  1802 . The mobile device  1802  displays the media filter  1820  on top of (i.e., as a transparent overlay) the media content  1806 . In one example embodiment, the media filter  1820  may be implemented with the live event module  602  of  FIG. 6A . 
       FIG. 6C  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a media filter  1830  with promotional content. For example, the media filter  1830  includes a digital coupon  1832  that can he redeemed at a coffee shop. The media filter  1830  may include dynamic content  1834 . For example, the dynamic content  1834  may include a remaining number of times the coupon can be used. Furthermore, the media filter  1830  may include an actionable area  1836  that is associated with an executable function. For example, when the user taps the actionable area  1836 , the media filter  1830  is forwarded to a mobile device of a friend of the user. The mobile device  1802  displays the media filter  1830  on top of the media content  1806 . In one example embodiment, the media filter  1830  may be implemented with the social network module  604 , the promotion module  606 , the progressive use module  610 , and the actionable module  614  of  FIG. 6A . 
       FIG. 6D  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a collectible media filter  1840 . The collectible media filter  1840  may be randomly supplied to the mobile device  1802  in response to detecting the mobile device  1802  at a geolocation associated with the collectible media filter  1840 . The collectible media filter  1840  can be stored at the mobile device  1802 . Once the mobile device  1802 . detects that related collectible media filters have been stored, the mobile device  1802  may cause the related collectible media filters or a corresponding unique media filter to be displayed in the display  1804 . The mobile device  1802  displays the media filter  1840  on top of the media content  1806 . In one example embodiment, the media filter  1840  may be implemented with the collection module  608  of  FIG. 6A . 
       FIG. 6E  shows a diagram illustrating an example of a viral media filter  1850 . The viral media filter  1850  may include dynamic content  1854  and an actionable area  1852 . For example, the dynamic content  1854  shows a progress bar and goal of a fundraising event. The progress bar is adjusted based on a latest amount raised. The actionable area  1852  may trigger the mobile device  1802  to cause a financial transaction (e.g., donation) and a communication to another mobile device (e.g., message to another mobile device using the messaging application  120 ). The mobile device  1802  displays the media filter  1850  on top of the media content  1806 . In one example embodiment, the media filter  1850  may be implemented with the progressive use module  610 , the viral use module  612 , and an actionable module  614  of  FIG. 6A . 
       FIG. 7  shows an interaction diagram illustrating one example embodiment of an operation of the user-based media filter publication module  314 . At operation  710 , the client device  110  of a first user uploads content and sends a requested geolocation and a requested time duration to the media filter application  122 . At operation  712 , the media filter application  122  generates a media filter based on the uploaded content and associates the media filter with the requested geolocation for the requested time duration. In one example embodiment, operations  710  and  712  may be implemented with the user-based media filter publication module  314  of  FIG. 3 . 
     At operation  714 , the client device  112  of a second user sends geolocation information to the messaging application  120 , At operation  716 , the messaging application  120  identifies, from the media filter application  122 , a media filter based on the geolocation of the client device  112 . At operation  718 , the media. filter application  122 . supplies the client device  112  with the identified media filter. In one example embodiment, operations  716  and  718  may be implemented with the media filter engine  306  of  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 8  shows an interaction diagram illustrating another example embodiment of an operation of the merchant-based media filter publication module  316 . At operation  808 , a client device  802  of merchant A uploads content with geolocation information (e.g., geolocation X) and a bid amount (e.g., bid amount A) to the media filter application  122  to form media filter A. At operation  810 , a client device  804  of merchant B uploads content with the same geolocation information (e.g., geolocation X) and a bid amount (e.g., bid amount B) to the media filter application  122  to form media filter B. At operation  812 , the media filter application  122  determines a highest bidder, and associates the media filter of the highest bidder with geolocation X. For example, if bid amount A is greater than bid amount B, media filter A is provided to client devices that are located at geolocation X. In one example embodiment, operations  808 ,  810 ,  812  may be implemented with the merchant-based media filter publication module  316  of  FIG. 3 . 
     At operation  814 , a client device  806  at geolocation X sends its geolocation information to the messaging application  120 . At operation  816 , the messaging application  120  identifies, from the media filter application  122 , the media filter associated with the geolocation X. At operation  818 , the media filter application  122  supplies the client device  806  with media filter A. In one example embodiment, operations  816  and  818  may be implemented with the media filter engine  306  of  FIG. 3 . In another example embodiment, the media filter application  122  supplies both media filters A and B to the client device  806  with instructions for the client device  806  to display media filter A first before media filter B since merchant A was the highest bidder. 
       FIG. 9  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  900  of the user-based media filter publication module  314 . At operation  902 , the user-based media filter publication module  314  receives uploaded content and a requested geolocation information from a first client device. In one example embodiment, operation  902  may be implemented with the user-based content upload module  402 , the user-based geolocation selection module  404 , and the user-based duration selection module  406  of  FIG. 4A . 
     At operation  904 , the user-based media filter publication module  314  forms a user-based media filter that includes the uploaded content, and is associated with the requested geolocation. In one example embodiment, operation  904  may be implemented with the user-based publication engine  408  of  FIG. 4A . 
     At operation  906 , the user-based media filter publication module  314  receives geolocation information from a second client device. At operation  908 , the user-based media filter publication module  314  determines whether the geolocation of the second client device is within the requested geolocation from the first client device. At operation  910 , the user-based media filter publication module  314  publishes the user-based media filter from the first client device to the second client device in response to the geolocation of the second client device being within the requested geolocation from the first client device. In one example embodiment, operation  910  may be implemented with the user-based media filter module  320  of  FIG. 3 . 
     At operation  912 , the media filter engine  306  supplies predefined media filters corresponding to the geolocation of the second client provided to the second device. In one example embodiment, operation  912  may be implemented with the predefined media filter module  318  of  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 10  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1000  of operation for the merchant-based media filter publication module  316 . At operations  1002  and  1004 , the merchant-based media filter publication module  316  receives uploaded content, geolocation information, and corresponding bid amounts from merchants. For example, at operation  1002 , the merchant-based content upload module  502  receives content A from merchant A. The merchant-based geolocation selection module  504  receives geolocation X from merchant A. The merchant-based bidding module  508  receives bid amount A from merchant A. 
     At operation  1004 , the merchant-based content upload module  502  receives content B from merchant B. The merchant-based geolocation selection module  504  receives geolocation X from merchant B. The merchant-based bidding module  508  receives bid amount. B from merchant B. The merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a merchant-based media filter  13  based on content B and geolocation X. 
     At operation  1006 , the highest bid amount is determined. In one example embodiment, operation  1006  may be implemented with the merchant-based bidding module  508  of  FIG. 6A . If bid amount A is greater than bid amount B, the merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a merchant-based media filter A based on content A and geolocation X at operation  1008 . At operation  1010 , the merchant-based media filter module  322  supplies merchant-based media filter A to client devices that are located at geolocation X. 
     If bid amount B is greater than bid amount A, the merchant-based publication engine  510  generates a merchant-based media filter B based on content B and geolocation X at operation  1014 . At operation  1016 , the merchant-based media filter module  322  supplies merchant-based media filter B to client devices that are located at geolocation X. 
       FIG. 11  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1100  of operation for the live event module  602 . At operation  1104 , the live event module  602  receives geolocation information from a client device. At operation  1106 , the live event module  602  identifies a live event associated with the geolocation. At operation  1108 , the live event module  602  accesses live event data related to the live event. At operation  1110 , the live event module  602  generates a live event media filter based on the live event data. At operation  1112 , the live event module  602  supplies the live event media filter to the client device. 
       FIG. 12  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1200  of operation for the social network module  604 . At operation  1202 , the social network module  604  receives social network information from a client device. At operation  1204 , the social network module  604  accesses social network data from social network service providers based on social network information from the client device. At operation  1206 , the social network module  604  identifies a geolocation from the geolocation information of the client device. At operation  1208 , the social network module  604  generates a social network-based media filter based on the social network data and geolocation of the client device. At operation  1210 , the social network module  604  supplies the social network-based media filter to the client device. 
       FIG. 13  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1300  of operation for the promotion module  606 . At operation  1302 , the promotion module  606  generates a set of media filters for a merchant for a predefined geolocation. At operation  1304 , the promotion module  606  receives geolocation information from a client device. At operation  1306 , the promotion module  606  identifies the geolocation of the client device from the geolocation information. At operation  1308 , the promotion module  606  accesses the set of media filters for the merchant associated with the geolocation. At operation  1310 , the promotion module  606  randomly selects at least one media filter from the set of media filters. At operation  1312 , the promotion module  606  supplies the randomly selected media filter(s) to the client device. 
       FIG. 14  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1400  of operation for the collection module  608 . At operation  1402 , the collection module  608  receives geolocation information from a client device. At operation  1404 , the collection module  608  determines the geolocation of the client device from the geolocation information. At operation  1406 , the collection module  608  accesses media filters associated with the geolocation of the client device. At operation  1408 , the collection module  608  stores the media filters in a media filter collection associated with the client device. At operation  1410 , the collection module  608  presents the media filters in the media fitter collection to the client device for use. 
       FIG. 15  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1500  of operation for the progressive use module  610 . At operation  1502 , the progressive use module  610  generates a progressive use media filter for a. geolocation. At operation  1504 , the progressive use module  610  receives geolocation information from a first client device at the geolocation. At operation  1506 , the progressive use module  610  supplies the progressive use media filter to the first client device, and generates a first modified media filter based on the progressive use media filter. At operation  1508 , the progressive use module  610  receives geolocation information from a second client at the geolocation. At operation  1510 , the progressive use module  610  supplies the first modified media filter to the second client device, and generates a second modified media filter based on the first modified media filter. 
       FIG. 16  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1600  of operation for the viral use module  612 . At operation  1602 , the viral use module  612  generates a media filter for a geolocation. At operation  1604 , the viral use module  612  receives geolocation information from a first client device at the geolocation. At operation  1606 , the viral use module  612  supplies the media filter to the first client device at the geolocation. At operation  1608 , the viral use module  612  receives a request from the first client device to forward the media filter to a second client device outside the geolocation. At operation  1610 , the viral use module  612  provides the media filter for a limited time to the second client device outside the geolocation. 
       FIG. 17  shows a flow diagram illustrating one example embodiment of a method  1700  of operation for the actionable module  614 . At operation  1702 , the actionable module  614  generates an actionable media filter having an actionable portion associated with a function. At operation  1704 , the actionable module  614  provides the actionable media filter to a first client device. At operation  1706 , the actionable module  614  receives a media item (e.g., a photo) with the media filter from the first client device. At operation  1708 , the actionable module  614  supplies the media item with the media filter to the second client device. At operation  1710 , the actionable module  614  identifies a selection of the actionable portion from the second client device. At operation  1712 , the actionable module  614  executes a function associated with the actionable portion at the second client device. 
     Modules, Components and Logic 
     Certain embodiments are described herein as including logic or a number of components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules may constitute either software modules (e.g., code embodied (1) on a non-transitory machine-readable medium or (2) in a transmission signal) or hardware-implemented modules. A hardware-implemented module is a tangible unit capable of performing certain operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain manner. In example embodiments, one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone, client, or server computer system) or one or more processors may be configured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) as a hardware-implemented module that operates to perform certain operations as described herein. 
     In various embodiments, a hardware-implemented module may be implemented mechanically or electronically. For example, a hardware-implemented module may comprise dedicated circuitry or logic that is permanently configured (e.g., as a special-purpose processor, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)) to perform certain operations. A hardware-implemented module may also comprise programmable logic or circuitry (e.g., as encompassed within a general-purpose processor or other programmable processor) that is temporarily configured by software to perform certain operations. It will be appreciated that the decision to implement a hardware-implemented module mechanically, in dedicated and permanently configured circuitry, or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g., configured by software) may be driven by cost and time considerations. 
     Accordingly, the term “hardware-implemented module” should be understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily or transitorily configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner or to perform certain operations described herein. Considering embodiments in which hardware-implemented modules are temporarily configured (e.g., programmed), each of the hardware-implemented modules need not be configured or instantiated at any one instance in time, For example, where the hardware-implemented modules comprise a general-purpose processor configured using software, the general-purpose processor may be configured as respectively different hardware-implemented modules at different times. Software may, accordingly, configure a processor, for example, to constitute a particular hardware-implemented module at one instance of time and to constitute a different hardware-implemented module at a different instance of time. 
     Hardware-implemented modules can provide information to, and receive information from, other hardware-implemented modules. Accordingly, the described hardware-implemented modules may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiples of such hardware-implemented modules exist contemporaneously, communications may be achieved through signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits and buses that connect the hardware-implemented modules). In embodiments in which multiple hardware-implemented modules are configured or instantiated at different times, communications between such hardware-implemented modules may be achieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of information in memory structures to which the multiple hardware-implemented modules have access. For example, one hardware-implemented module may perform an operation, and store the output of that operation in a memory device to which it is communicatively coupled. A further hardware-implemented module may then, at a later time, access the memory device to retrieve and process the stored output. Hardware-implemented modules may also initiate communications with input or output devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection of information). 
     The various operations of example methods described herein may be performed, at least partially, by one or more processors that are temporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured to perform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanently configured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented modules that operate to perform one or more operations or functions. The modules referred to herein may, in some example embodiments, comprise processor-implemented modules. 
     Similarly, the methods described herein may be at least partially processor-implemented. For example, at least some of the operations of a method may be performed by one or more processors or processor-implemented modules. The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed among the one or more processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployed across a number of machines. In some example embodiments, the processor or processors may be located in a single location (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment, or a server farm), while in other embodiments the processors may be distributed across a number of locations. 
     The one or more processors may also operate to support performance of the relevant operations in a “cloud computing” environment or as a “software as a service” (SaaS). For example, at least some of the operations may be performed by a group of computers (as examples of machines including processors), with these operations being accessible via the network  104  (e.g., the Internet) and via one or more appropriate interfaces (e.g., APIs). 
     Electronic Apparatus and System 
     Example embodiments may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, or in computer hardware, firmware, or software, or in combinations of them. Example embodiments may be implemented using a computer program product (e.g., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, e.g., in a machine-readable medium for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a computer, or multiple computers). 
     A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a standalone program or as a module, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed on one computer or on multiple computers at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a communication network. 
     In example embodiments, operations may be performed by one or more programmable processors executing a computer program to perform functions by operating on input data and generating output. Method operations can also be performed by, and apparatus of example embodiments may be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry (e.g., an FPGA or an ASIC). 
     The computing system can include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. In embodiments deploying a programmable computing system, it will be appreciated that both hardware and software architectures merit consideration. Specifically, it will be appreciated that the choice of whether to implement certain functionality in permanently configured hardware (e.g., an ASIC), in temporarily configured hardware (e.g., a combination of software and a programmable processor), or in a combination of permanently and temporarily configured hardware may be a design choice. Below are set out hardware (e.g., machine) and software architectures that may be deployed in various example embodiments. 
     Example Computer System 
       FIG. 18  shows a diagrammatic representation of a machine in the example form of a machine or computer system  1800  within which a set of instructions  1824  may be executed causing the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. In alternative embodiments, the machine operates as a standalone device or may be connected (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the machine may operate in the capacity of a server or a client machine  110  and  112  in a server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machine may be a personal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a cellular telephone, a web appliance, a network router, switch or bridge, or any machine capable of executing a set of instructions  1824  (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that machine. Further, while only a single machine is illustrated, the term “machine” shall also be taken to include any collection of machines that individually or jointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions  1824  to perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. 
     The example computer system  1800  includes a processor  1802  (.e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), or both), a main memory  1804 , and a static memory  1806 , which communicate with each other via a bus  1808 . The computer system  1800  may further include a video display unit  1810  (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), The computer system  1800  also includes an alphanumeric input device  1812  (e.g., a keyboard), a UI navigation device  1814  (e.g., a mouse), a drive unit  1816 , a signal generation device  1818  (e.g, a speaker), and a network interface device  1820 . 
     The drive unit  1816  includes a computer-readable medium  1822  on which is stored one or more sets of data structures and instructions  1824  (e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructions  1824  may also reside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory  1804  or within the processor  1802  during execution thereof by the computer system  1800 , with the main memory  1804  and the processor  1802  also constituting machine-readable media. 
     The instructions  1824  may further be transmitted or received over a network  1826  via the network interface device  1820  utilizing any one of a number of well-known transfer protocols (e.g., HTTP). 
     While the computer-readable medium  1822  is shown in an example embodiment to be a single medium, the term “computer-readable medium” should be taken to include a single medium or multiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers) that store the one or more sets of instructions  1824 . The term “computer-readable medium” shall also be taken to include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying a set of instructions  1824  for execution by the machine that cause the machine to perform any one or more of the methodologies of the present disclosure, or that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying data structures utilized by or associated with such a set of instructions  1824 . The term “computer-readable medium” shall, accordingly, be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, optical media., and magnetic media. 
     Furthermore, the machine-readable medium is non-transitory in that it does not embody a propagating signal. However, labeling the tangible machine-readable medium “non-transitory” should not be construed to mean that the medium is incapable of movement—the medium should be considered as being transportable from one physical location to another. Additionally, since the machine-readable medium is tangible, the medium may be considered to be a machine-readable device. 
     Example Mobile Device 
       FIG. 19  is a block diagram illustrating a mobile device  1900 , according to an example embodiment. The mobile device  1900  may include a processor  1902 . The processor  1902  may be any of a variety of different types of commercially available processors  1902  suitable for mobile devices  1900  (for example, an XScale architecture microprocessor, a microprocessor without interlocked pipeline stages (MIPS) architecture processor, or another type of processor  1902 ). A memory  1904 , such as a random access memory (RAM), a flash memory, or another type of memory, is typically accessible to the processor  1902 . The memory  1904  may be adapted to store an operating system (OS)  1906 , as well as applications  1908 , such as a mobile location enabled application that may provide location-based services (LBSs) to a user. The processor  1902  may be coupled, either directly or via appropriate intermediary hardware, to a display  1910  and to one or more input/output (I/O) devices  1912 , such as a keypad, a touch panel sensor, a microphone, and the like. Similarly, in some embodiments, the processor  1902  may be coupled to a transceiver  1914  that interfaces with an antenna  1916 . The transceiver  1914  may be configured to both transmit and receive cellular network signals, wireless data signals, or other types of signals via the antenna  1916 , depending on the nature of the mobile device  1900 . Further, in some configurations, a GPS receiver  1918  may also make use of the antenna  1916  to receive GPS signals. 
     Although an embodiment has been described with reference to specific example embodiments, it will be evident that various modifications and changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. The accompanying drawings that form a part hereof show by way of illustration, and not of limitation, specific embodiments in which the subject matter may be practiced. The embodiments illustrated are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the teachings disclosed herein. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived therefrom, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of this disclosure. This Detailed Description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of various embodiments is defined only by the appended claims, along with the full range of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. 
     As used herein, the term “or” may be construed in either an inclusive or exclusive sense. Moreover, plural instances may be provided for resources, operations, or structures described herein as a single instance. Additionally, boundaries between various resources, operations, modules, engines, and data stores are somewhat arbitrary, and particular operations are illustrated in a context of specific illustrative configurations. Other allocations of functionality are envisioned and may fall within a scope of various embodiments of the present invention. In general, structures and functionality presented as separate resources in the example configurations may be implemented as a combined structure or resource. Similarly, structures and functionality presented as a single resource may be implemented as separate resources. These and other variations, modifications, additions, and improvements fall within a scope of embodiments of the present invention as represented by the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense. 
     Such embodiments of the inventive subject matter may be referred to herein, individually or collectively, by the term “invention” merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any single invention or inventive concept if more than one is in fact disclosed. Thus, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. 
     The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. § 1.72(b), requiring an abstract that will allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, it can be seen that various features are grouped together in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter lies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment.