Patent Publication Number: US-2022221026-A1

Title: Actuator device for actively reducing, damping and/or absorbing vibrations

Description:
STATE OF THE ART 
     The invention concerns an actuator device for active reduction, damping and/or absorption of vibrations according to the preamble of claim  1 , a magnetic actuator according to claim  20 , a vibration-damped engine mount according to claim  21  and a method with the actuator device according to claim  22 . 
     An actuator device for active vibration reduction has already been proposed, with at least one movably supported armature element and with at least one permanent magnet, which is coupled with the armature element and extends at least section-wise around the armature element. 
     The objective of the invention is in particular to provide a generic device having advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular mounting efficiency. The objective is achieved according to the invention by the features of patent claims  1  and  20  to  22 , while advantageous implementations and further developments of the invention may be gathered from the subclaims. 
     Advantages of the Invention 
     The invention is based on an actuator device for active reduction, damping and/or absorption of vibrations, in particular of vibrations generated by an external device, for example a combustion engine, with at least one movably supported armature element and with at least one permanent magnet, which is coupled with the armature element, in particular an outer side of the armature element, preferably an outer diameter of the armature element, and which extends around the armature element at least section-wise, in particular in a ring shape. 
     It is proposed that at least in an axial direction of the armature element, which runs at least substantially parallel to an, in particular designated, main movement axis of the armature element, the permanent magnet is encapsulated by the armature element, in particular at least on two sides, preferably on exactly two sides, advantageously at least on three sides, preferentially on exactly three sides, and especially preferentially on no more than three sides. As a result, advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular mounting efficiency, are achievable. It is in particular advantageously possible to simplify a fitting of permanent magnets into the armature element. Moreover, it is advantageously possible to do without permanent magnets which are situated outside in the axial direction of the armature element. On the one hand, this advantageously allows reducing a number of required cost-intensive permanent magnets, thus in particular achieving a high degree of cost efficiency. On the other hand, in this way a high stability and/or damage resistance of the magnet armature against impacts is achievable, in particular as a risk of ruptures and/or chipping of axially outside-situated components in the case of a heavy impact of the armature element in the axial direction of the armature element is considerably greater with the permanent magnet than with an iron core. It is also advantageously possible to augment mounting efficiency, in particular as a mounting of closely-arranged permanent magnets on the armature element, which is in particular especially complex due to the mutual attraction and repulsion of the permanent magnets, is simplified due to the reduced number of required permanent magnets. The proposed implementation furthermore allows achieving advantageous construction space efficiency, in particular an actuator device with particularly little, in particular axial, construction space. 
     An “actuator device” is in particular to mean, in this context, a magnetic actuator device. In particular, the actuator device constitutes at least a portion, in particular a subassembly, of a magnetic actuator. Advantageously the actuator device is configured at least for a use in an engine mount, in particular a vibration-damped engine mount. In particular, the actuator device, preferably the magnetic actuator, is configured for an active reduction, damping and/or absorption of an externally generated vibration. In particular, the actuator device, preferably the magnetic actuator, is configured to generate vibrations which actively damp the externally generated vibrations. In particular, the actuator device, preferably the magnetic actuator, is configured to generate vibrations which are oriented counter to the externally generated vibrations. 
     By an “armature element” is furthermore a component to be understood which is configured, during operation of the actuator device, to execute a movement that determines the function of the actuator, for example a vibration-damped counter vibration. Preferably the armature element can be influenced via a magnetic signal, in particular a magnetic field. In particular, the armature element is configured to exert a movement, in particular a linear movement, in reaction to a magnetic signal. In particular, the armature element is here implemented at least partially of a magnetically active, in particular (ferro)magnetic and/or magnetizable material, advantageously of iron and/or of soft-magnetic steel. In particular, the armature element forms a solenoid plunger, respectively a plunger core, of a magnetic actuator, in particular of a lifting magnet, which is in particular movable at least within an interior of at least one magnet coil, in particular hollow coil, of the magnetic actuator. In particular, the magnet coil of the magnetic actuator is configured to generate the magnetic field that is configured to interact with the armature element and/or to accelerate the armature element toward a central longitudinal axis of the magnetic actuator, in particular of the magnet coil. 
     In particular, the actuator device comprises at least two, preferably exactly two, permanent magnets, which are coupled with the armature element. The permanent magnets are in particular configured so as to extend around the entire armature element. In particular, the two permanent magnets are arranged in such a way that they adjoin each other in the axial direction in close neighborhood and/or in close contact. The term “in close neighborhood” is in particular to mean having an axial distance of less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, advantageously less than 0.5 mm, preferentially less than 0.1 mm and especially preferentially less than 0.01 mm. The permanent magnet, respectively the permanent magnets, is/are in particular firmly coupled with the armature element, preferably coupled with the armature element in a force-fit and/or form-fit manner. Preferentially the permanent magnets are glued to the armature element. However, it is alternatively also conceivable, for example, that the permanent magnets are clamped with the armature element, in particular in a form-fit manner. The permanent magnets are in particular embodied as (sintered) NdFeB magnets. However, alternatively other types of permanent magnets are also conceivable, which preferably have a comparably high magnetization. 
     By the permanent magnet being “encapsulated in the axial direction” is in particular to be understood that the permanent magnet is covered above and/or below by the armature element, in particular the armature element made of a ferromagnetic material, at least in the axial direction. In particular, the permanent magnet forms something like a hollow cylinder. In particular, a surface of the hollow-cylinder-shaped permanent magnet, which is arranged perpendicularly to an enveloping surface of the hollow-cylinder-shaped permanent magnet, in particular an annulus of the permanent magnet, is in the encapsulated state covered at least partially, preferably entirely by the armature element, in particular the armature element made of a ferromagnetic material. In particular, preferably viewed in a perpendicular sectional view, the encapsulated permanent magnet is delimited by the armature element at least on two sides, preferably at least on three sides, preferentially on exactly three sides. In particular, preferably viewed in a perpendicular sectional view, the entirety of the permanent magnets coupled with the armature element are delimited by the armature element at least on three sides, preferentially on exactly three sides. The axial direction in particular runs centrally through the magnetic actuator, the magnet coil and/or the armature element. In particular, the axial direction realizes a rotational symmetry axis of the permanent magnet and/or of the armature element. In particular, the permanent magnet encapsulated by the armature element is free of coverage by the armature element at least on one side of the permanent magnet. 
     “At least substantially parallel” is here in particular to mean an orientation of a direction relative to a reference direction, in particular in a plane, the direction having a deviation from the reference direction that is in particular smaller than 8°, advantageously smaller than 5° and especially advantageously smaller than 2°. “Configured” is in particular to mean specifically programmed, designed and/or equipped. By an object being configured for a certain function shall in particular be understood that the object fulfills and/or realizes said certain function in at least one application state and/or operation state. 
     It is further proposed that in a radial direction of the armature element, in particular in a radial direction of the armature element that points radially outwards, the permanent magnet forms a surface of the armature element. This in particular allows achieving advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, a distance between the magnet coil and the permanent magnet can be kept advantageously short. This advantageously allows achieving particularly favorable force transmission of the magnetic field of the magnet coil onto the armature element and/or an especially advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet. Moreover, a high level of construction space efficiency is advantageously achievable. The radial direction of the armature element in particular runs perpendicularly to the axial direction of the armature element. In particular, the armature element forms a recess, which is preferably implemented as some kind of a niche or furrow, which is in particular implemented so as to extend around the armature element and which is preferably configured to accommodate at least the permanent magnet. Preferentially the recess is configured to accommodate at least one further permanent magnet, particularly preferentially exactly one further permanent magnet. In particular, the recess forms a receiving region for the permanent magnets. 
     If the permanent magnet is magnetized radially, particularly advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet is achievable. Advantageously, an especially favorable and/or effective controlling of a movement of the armature element and/or of a vibration absorption induced by the armature element are/is enabled. In particular, the permanent magnet is implemented at least substantially in a ring shape. Magnetic poles of a radially magnetized, in particular ring-shaped, permanent magnet are arranged in particular on sides of the permanent magnet which are situated opposite each other in a radial direction of the permanent magnet. In particular, a first magnetic pole of the permanent magnet extends in a circumferential direction of the permanent magnet along a radially outside-situated side of the permanent magnet. In particular, a second magnetic pole of the permanent magnet extends in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet along a radially inside-situated side of the permanent magnet. 
     It is moreover proposed that the armature device comprises at least one, in particular exactly one, further permanent magnet, which is encapsulated by the armature element in the axial direction of the armature element and which except for a radial magnetization that is inverse with respect to the permanent magnet is implemented at least substantially identically to the permanent magnet. This in particular allows achieving advantageous characteristics regarding efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, particularly favorable force transmission of the magnetic field of the magnet coil to the armature element and/or particularly advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet are/is achievable. Furthermore, advantageously a high level of construction space efficiency is achievable. In particular, the permanent magnet and the further permanent magnet are together encapsulated by the armature element. In particular, the permanent magnet and the further permanent magnet are arranged on the armature element in close neighborhood, preferably contacting each other in the axial direction. The further permanent magnet is in particular magnetized radially. The two permanent magnets are in particular arranged relative to each other in such a way that they are in the axial direction free of further permanent magnets and/or of interconnected subregions of the armature element, which are connected in-between. In particular, the two permanent magnets completely overlap in the axial direction. In particular, the two permanent magnets are free of mutual offset, in particular perpendicularly to the axial direction. It is conceivable that the actuator device comprises more than two permanent magnets, in particular permanent magnets which are radially polarized inversely, whereas the implementation with exactly two permanent magnets is the preferred implementation. The term “at least substantially identically” is in particular to mean identically with the exception of manufacturing tolerances, preferably having outer dimensions which are identical with the exception of manufacturing tolerances. By an “inverse” radial magnetization is in particular to be understood that a region forming a magnetic north pole of the first permanent magnet forms a magnetic south pole in the second permanent magnet, and vice versa. 
     Beyond this it is proposed that the actuator device comprises at least two magnet coils, whose coil windings extend around the armature element in the circumferential direction of the armature element. This in particular allows achieving advantageous characteristics regarding efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, particularly favorable force transmission of the magnetic field of the magnet coil to the armature element and/or especially advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet are/is achievable. Advantageously, a particularly favorable performance of the actuator device, in particular an especially effective vibration absorption, is achievable by two magnet coils. Moreover, a high level of construction space efficiency is advantageously achievable. In particular, the first magnet coil is arranged along the axial direction on a level with the first permanent magnet, in particular at least in a resting state of the magnetic actuator. In particular, the second magnet coil is arranged along the axial direction on a level with the second permanent magnet, in particular in at least one resting operation state of the magnetic actuator. 
     If the coil windings of the two magnet coils have mutually opposed winding directions, a particularly high efficiency and/or a particularly favorable performance of the actuator device are/is achievable. In particular, the two magnet coils have a common power supply. In this way advantageously, with a simultaneous current feed of the two magnet coils by means of the common power supply, differently oriented magnetic fields are generated by the two magnet coils. Advantageously, a separate power supply of the two magnet coils can be dispensed with. This advantageously allows achieving high energy efficiency as well as high construction space efficiency. In particular, with a current feed of the two magnet coils, due to the opposed winding directions a magnetic field is generated inducing the armature to deflect in such a way that, at respective transitions of the magnet coils to magnet yokes which are arranged relative to the magnet coils in the axial direction, favorable magnetic transitions into a magnetic north pole or into a magnetic south pole are induced, as a result of which the respective permanent magnet is pushed out of the region of the corresponding magnet yokes. Advantageously, in this way, in particular by means of a polarity inversion, of the power supply, dynamically very high axial forces can be built up. In particular, the coil windings of the two magnet coils are electrically connected, preferably electrically connected in series or electrically connected in parallel. Alternatively or additionally it is conceivable that the actuator device comprises more than two magnet coils. Advantageously a number of magnet coils of the actuator device corresponds to a number of permanent magnets encapsulated in the armature element. 
     It is further proposed that the actuator device comprises at least one magnet yoke which is, viewed in the axial direction of the armature element, arranged between the two magnet coils. In particular, this allows achieving advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, particularly favorable force transmission of the magnetic field of the magnet coil onto the armature element and/or particularly advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet are/is achievable. In particular, the actuator device comprises a magnetic circuit that is at least to a large extent closed. A “large extent” is to mean, in this context, in particular at least 66%, preferably at least 75%, advantageously at least 80%, preferentially at least 90%, and especially preferentially maximally 90%. In particular, the magnetic circuit is implemented by magnetic-field-bearing elements, in particular iron components. In particular, the magnetic circuit forms a magnet core of one of the magnet coils, preferably the magnet cores of the magnet coils. In particular, the magnetic circuit is implemented by immobile and by mobile components, in particular iron components. In particular, the armature element forms a mobile component, in particular a mobile iron component, of the magnetic circuit. In particular, a magnet yoke forms an immobile component, in particular an immobile iron component, of the magnetic circuit. Preferably the iron circuit comprises a plurality of magnet yokes. In particular, each magnet coil of the actuator device comprises a magnetic circuit that is to a large extent closed, in particular a magnet core. In particular, a magnet yoke may be part of several magnetic circuits and/or magnet cores. In particular, the magnet yoke is arranged centrally between the magnet coils. In particular, the magnet yoke fills an interspace between the magnet coils at least to a large extent, preferably completely. 
     In addition, it is proposed that the actuator device comprises at least one further magnet yoke which, viewed in the axial direction of the armature element, is arranged above or below the two magnet coils. In particular, this allows achieving advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, particularly favorable force transmission of the magnetic field of the magnet coil to the armature element and/or an especially advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet are/is achievable. Preferentially the actuator device comprises at least two further magnet yokes, wherein a first further magnet yoke is arranged above the two magnet coils and a second further magnet yoke is arranged below the two magnet coils. The magnet yokes are in particular configured, in a current feed of the corresponding magnet coils, to form respectively one magnet pole on the ends of the magnet coils. In particular, the magnet coils are configured to be fed with current in such a way that in each case a magnet pole is formed at the ends of the magnet yoke, which has a polarity that differs from the polarity of the respective permanent magnet adjoining the respective magnet yoke. In particular, each of the three magnet yokes forms a web/disk extending perpendicularly to the axial direction of the armature element and/or of the magnet coil. In particular, the actuator device comprises three magnet yokes, two opposed magnet coils and/or an armature element with two permanent magnets which in at least one operation state, together with the parts of the armature element forming the encapsulation, realize in total four magnet poles. In particular, the permanent magnets implement two magnet poles of said four magnet poles, and the parts of the armature element forming the encapsulation implement two further magnet poles of said four magnet poles. 
     Furthermore, it is proposed that, in at least one resting operation state, the permanent magnets are arranged relative to the magnet yokes in such a way that, viewed along the axial direction of the armature element, a transition from a north pole of one of the permanent magnets to a south pole of the other permanent magnet and/or a transition from a magnet pole of one of the permanent magnets to an, in particular soft-magnetic, part of the armature element forming the encapsulation are/is arranged on a level with the respective nearest magnet yoke, in particular of a web of the respective nearest magnet yoke which extends perpendicularly to the axial direction and/or on a level with a disk of the respective nearest magnet yoke which extends perpendicularly to the axial direction. This in particular allows achieving advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, an especially favorable performance of the actuator device is achievable. By a “resting operation state” is in particular an operation state to be understood in which the magnet coils are not fed with current. 
     It is also proposed that the transition of the magnet pole of one of the permanent magnets to one of the parts of the armature element which form the encapsulation, preferably an outside-situated end of one of the permanent magnets, is arranged offset relative to a center of the nearest magnet yoke in the axial direction of the armature element, in particular in a direction pointing towards the permanent magnet. In particular, this allows achieving advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. Advantageously, this allows increasing and/or maximizing a force that is obtainable by a movement of the armature element. In particular, the offset is at least 3%, preferably at least 5%, advantageously at least 7%, especially advantageously at least 10%, preferentially at least 12% and especially preferentially at least 15% of a total extension of the parts of the armature element which form the encapsulation in the axial direction. 
     In addition, it is proposed that the permanent magnet is arranged in the armature element in such a way that, on an end of the permanent magnet that is situated outside in the axial direction of the armature element, the magnetic field lines of a magnet pole of the permanent magnet that is situated inside in the radial direction of the armature element are guided back, through a material of a part of the armature element that forms the encapsulation, outwards to the magnet yoke. In particular, advantageous characteristics in regard to efficiency, in particular energy efficiency, are thus achievable. Advantageously, an especially advantageous coupling of the magnetic fields of the magnet coil and of the permanent magnet is achievable. In particular, as a result, on the ends of the magnet yokes, in particular ends of the web-like and/or disk-like portions of the magnet yokes, which face toward the armature element, in each case advantageously in particular the end-side magnet poles of the nearest magnet coils are formed. 
     Beyond this, it is proposed that, relative to the part of the armature element which forms the encapsulation, the permanent magnet is offset inwards toward a center of the armature element in a radial direction of the armature element. This advantageously allows ensuring that in a block, in particular in an abutment of the armature element on the magnet yoke caused by a radial movement of the armature element, a load path extends from the magnet yoke via the part of the armature element that forms the encapsulation, and thus advantageously not via the permanent magnet. This advantageously allows achieving an especially high stability and/or long lifetime, and thus efficiency, of the actuator device. In particular, the offset of the permanent magnet in the recess of the armature element is at least 3%, preferably at least 5%, advantageously at least 7%, especially advantageously at least 10%, preferentially at least 12% and especially preferentially at least 15% of a total extension of the permanent magnet in the radial direction of the armature element, and/or of the permanent magnet. In particular, the permanent magnet has an outside-situated outer diameter that is at least by the offset smaller than an outside-situated outer diameter of the part of the armature element forming the encapsulation. The part of the armature element forming the encapsulation is in particular implemented as a web-shaped and/or disk-shaped bulge of the armature element, which extends in the radial direction of the armature element. The bulge of the armature element in particular has the maximum outside-situated outer diameter of the armature element. A “center of the armature element” is in particular to mean a center of gravity of the armature element and/or a rotational symmetry axis of the armature element. 
     It is moreover proposed that the armature element comprises the receiving region, which is configured to accommodate at least the permanent magnet, the receiving region having radially offset elevations, in particular furrows and/or domes. This advantageously allows achieving high efficiency, in particular mounting efficiency, in particular as this results in a gap for receiving an adhesive between the radially offset elevations, said gap preferably preventing, during mounting, a displacement of the adhesive, caused by the attraction forces of the permanent magnet, from the receiving region and/or from a region between the permanent magnet and the armature element, in particular before complete hardening of the adhesive. Furthermore, a preferably short tolerance chain to the outside-situated outer diameter of the permanent magnet is advantageously achievable, which advantageously enables an especially high accuracy and/or particularly little asymmetry of the armature element. 
     It is further proposed that the armature element comprises in its interior at least one hollow space, which has at least one recess, in particular a furrow-like indentation, on an inner wall. Due to the hollow space, a particularly structurally lightweight armature element is obtainable, which in particular enables an actuator device with especially high dynamics. By the recess in the inner wall of the armature element, in particular especially advantageous magnetic guiding is achievable within the armature element. Advantageously, a split-up of the magnetic flux path of the permanent magnet into one portion running into the further permanent magnet and one portion that is conducted into the bulge of the armature element is obtainable by appropriate arrangement of the recess. This advantageously allows increasing efficiency, in particular energy efficiency, of the actuator device. In particular, the hollow space has on the inner wall at least one second recess, in particular a second furrow-like indentation. In particular, the second recess of the inner wall of the armature element is implemented at least substantially identically to the recess of the inner wall of the armature element. In particular, the hollow space of the armature element has a maximum diameter that is equivalent to at least 30%, advantageously at least 40%, especially advantageously at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, preferentially at least 70% and particularly preferentially no more than 80% of a maximum outer diameter of the armature element. In particular, the larger the hollow space, the more structurally lightweight the armature element will be, however with reduced stability. 
     If, in particular in at least one resting operation state, the recess of the inner wall of the armature element, in particular the furrow-like indentation, is arranged along the axial direction of the armature element at least substantially centrally on a level with the permanent magnet, an especially advantageous split-up of the magnetic field, in particular of the magnetic flux and/or of the magnetic field lines, is achievable within the armature element. This advantageously allows an increase of efficiency, in particular energy efficiency, of the actuator device. In particular, the second recess of the inner wall of the armature element, in particular the second furrow-like indentation, is arranged at least substantially centrally on a level with the second permanent magnet, in particular at least in the resting operation state. By a “substantially central” arrangement is in particular any arrangement to be understood which differs from a precisely central arrangement in the axial direction by maximally 10%, preferably by maximally 5%, preferentially by maximally 3% and particularly preferentially by no more than 1% of a total axial extension of the permanent magnet. 
     It is also proposed that the recess of the inner wall of the armature element comprises at least one side wall, which is angled relative to the axial direction of the armature element and/or relative to a radial direction of the armature element. In this way a particularly selective guiding of the magnetic field, in particular of the magnetic flux and/or of the magnetic field lines, are/is advantageously achievable within the armature element. This advantageously allows achieving especially high efficiency, in particular energy efficiency. In particular, an angle included by the side wall of the recess of the inner wall of the armature element and by the radial direction of the armature element is at least 5°, preferably at least 10°, advantageously at least 20°, especially advantageously at least 30°, preferentially at least 40° and particularly preferentially maximally 60°. For example, the angle included by the side wall of the recess of the inner wall of the armature element and the radial direction of the armature element is exactly 30°. In particular, the absolute values of the angles, which are respectively included by the two side walls of the recess of the inner wall of the armature element and by the radial direction of the armature element, are at least substantially identical, preferably at least substantially equal in size. In particular, the aperture directions of the angles, which are respectively included by the two side walls of the recess of the inner wall of the armature element with the radial direction of the armature element, are opposed to each other. The recesses of the inner wall of the armature element are in particular implemented as undercuts. 
     It is furthermore proposed that the actuator device comprises at least one spring element, in particular a disk spring, which is configured for a radial support of the armature element. In this way, advantageously an, in particular undesired, vibration of the armature element in the radial direction can be cushioned. As a result, a high level of operational safety is advantageously achievable. 
     In addition, it is proposed that the actuator device comprises at least one abutment element, which is configured to delimit a movement of the armature element along the axial direction. This advantageously allows restricting a movement range of the armature element, thus in particular achieving a high level of operational safety. The abutment element is in particular embodied as part of a housing of the actuator device and/or of the magnetic actuator and/or is arranged on the housing. Alternatively, the abutment element may be embodied as part of a holder of the spring element and/or may be arranged on the spring element. The abutment element is in particular implemented as a stationary and stable planar element. 
     It is moreover proposed that the actuator device comprises at least one damper element, which is configured to damp an abutment of the armature element on the abutment element. In this way it is advantageously possible to prevent damaging of the armature element and/or of the abutment element, thus advantageously achieving a high level of operational safety and/or a long lifetime of the actuator device. In particular, the damper element is implemented at least partially of an elastic material, for example a synthetic material, like an elastomer, or a rubber. Alternatively or additionally, the abutment element may be implemented at least partially of a metal having favorable damping characteristics, and/or may comprise a spring, for example a spiral compression spring. The damper element may in particular be integrated at least partially in the housing of the actuator device and/or may be mounted to the housing of the actuator device. Alternatively, the damper element may be integrated at least partially in the holder of the spring element and/or may be mounted to the spring element. Alternatively or additionally, the damper element and/or a further damper element may be integrated at least partially in the armature element or be mounted to the armature element. 
     Beyond this, a magnetic actuator with the actuator device for active reduction, damping and/or absorption of vibrations is proposed. This allows achieving advantageous characteristics regarding an efficiency of the magnetic actuator. By a “magnetic actuator” is in particular a drive-technical structural unit to be understood which, triggered by an electrical signal, creates a magnetic field inducing a mechanical movement of the armature element. 
     Furthermore, a vibration-damped engine mount with the magnetic actuator is proposed. This advantageously allows achieving particularly efficient vibration damping of a motor. 
     Moreover, a method with the actuator device is proposed. 
     The actuator device according to the invention, the magnetic actuator according to the invention, the engine mount according to the invention and the method according to the invention shall here not be limited to the application and implementation described above. In particular, in order to fulfill a functionality that is described here, the actuator device according to the invention, the magnetic actuator according to the invention, the engine mount according to the invention and the method according to the invention may comprise a number of individual elements, components, method steps and units that differs from a number given here. 
    
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
       Further advantages will become apparent from the following description of the drawings. In the drawings an exemplary embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The drawings, the description and the claims contain a plurality of features in combination. Someone skilled in the art will purposefully also consider the features separately and will find further expedient combinations. 
       It is shown in: 
         FIG. 1  a schematic sectional view of a magnetic actuator with an actuator device, 
         FIG. 2  a schematic partial view of the actuator device with indicated magnetic field lines, 
         FIG. 3  an enlargement of a portion of the schematic partial view of the actuator device, and 
         FIG. 4  a flow chart of a method with the actuator device. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT 
       FIG. 1  shows a magnetic actuator  64 . The magnetic actuator  64  constitutes part of a vibration-damped engine mount (not shown). The magnetic actuator  64  is implemented by overmolding. The magnetic actuator  64  comprises an overmold  74 . By the overmold  74  the magnetic actuator  64  is advantageously sealed outwardly. The magnetic actuator  64  comprises an actuator device  10 . The actuator device  10  comprises a housing  66 . The actuator device  10  is configured for active reduction, damping and/or absorption of vibrations created by an external device, for example by a combustion engine (not shown). The actuator device  10  comprises an armature element  12 . The armature element  12  is supported movably. The armature element  12  is supported movably at least relative to the housing  66 . The armature element  12  is arranged within the housing  66 . The armature element  12  is implemented so as to be rotationally symmetrical. Alternatively, the armature element  12  may also have at least slight deviations from a perfect rotational symmetry. The armature element  12  has a hollow space  46  in its interior. The hollow space  46  is realized so as to be continuous throughout the armature element  12  along an axial direction  18  of the armature element  18 . The hollow space  46  serves for a weight reduction of the armature element  12 . The hollow space  46  serves to increase dynamics of the armature element  12 . The armature element  12  is embodied of a soft-magnetic steel. The armature element  12  is coupled with a shaft  72 . The shaft  72  is in its turn coupled with a client interface  76 . The client interface  76  is configured to establish a connection to the engine or to the engine mount whose vibrations are to be damped by the magnetic actuator  64 . 
     The actuator device  10  comprises a permanent magnet  14 . The actuator device  10  comprises a further permanent magnet  16 . The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  are non-releasably coupled with the armature element  12 . The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  are coupled with a radially outer side of the armature element  12 . The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  extend around the armature element  12  in a circumferential direction. The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  extend around the armature element  12  in a ring shape. The permanent magnet  14  is magnetized radially. The further permanent magnet  16  is magnetized radially. The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  have inverse radial polarizations. The further permanent magnet  16  is embodied at least substantially identically to the permanent magnet  14 , except for its radial magnetization, which is inverse in comparison to the permanent magnet. 
     In the case shown in  FIG. 1 , the permanent magnet  14  has a magnetic south pole S, which is situated in a radial direction  20  outside, and a magnetic north pole N, which is situated in the radial direction  20  inside, while the further permanent magnet  16  has a magnetic north pole N, which is situated in the radial direction  20  outside, and a magnetic south pole S, which is situated in the radial direction  20  inside. This may also be respectively vice versa, without affecting the functionality of the actuator device  10 . The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged directly adjoining each other along the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 . The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged along the axial direction  18  free of an offset relative to each other. The axial direction  18  of the armature element  12  runs parallel to a designated main movement axis of the armature element  12  in the actuator device  10 . 
     The permanent magnet  14  is in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12  encapsulated by the armature element  12  on two sides. The further permanent magnet  16  is in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12  encapsulated by the armature element  12  on two sides. The two permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are together encapsulated by the armature element  12  on three sides in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 . The armature element  12  forms a receiving region  42 . The receiving region  42  is configured to accommodate the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . The receiving region  42  is configured to encapsulate the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  on three sides. The permanent magnet  14  and the further permanent magnet  16  form in the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12  a surface of the armature element  12 . The armature element  12  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  upwards. A first end  112  of the armature element  12  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  upwards. A part  32  of the armature element  12  that encapsulates the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  upwards. The armature element  12  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  downwards. A second end  114  of the armature element  12  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  downwards. A part  34  of the armature element  12  that encapsulates the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  delimits the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  in the axial direction  18  downwards. The ends  112 ,  114  of the armature element  12  are embodied as radially outward-protruding bulges and/or projections of the armature element  12 . The parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  which encapsulate the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are embodied as radially outward-protruding bulges and/or projections of the armature element  12 . The ends  112 ,  114  of the armature element  12  close the armature element  12  upwards and downwards in the axial direction  18 . 
     The actuator device  10  comprises a first magnet coil  22 . The actuator device  10  comprises a second magnet coil  24 . The magnet coils  22 ,  24  in each case comprise a coil body  68 ,  70 . The magnet coils  22 ,  24  comprise coil windings (not shown). The coil windings of the magnet coils  22 ,  24  are in each case wound on the corresponding coil bodies  68 ,  70 . The coil windings of the magnet coils  22 ,  24  extend around the armature element  12  in the circumferential direction of the armature element  12 . The coil windings of the two magnet coils  22 ,  24  have mutually opposed winding directions. In a resting operation state of the actuator device  10 , respectively one of the magnet coils  22 ,  24  is arranged along the axial direction  18  on a level with one of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . 
     The actuator device  10  comprises a magnetic circuit  90 . The magnetic circuit  90  is implemented by a magnet core. The magnetic circuit  90  is implemented as an iron circuit, which may in particular also comprise parts made of soft-magnetic steel. The armature element  12  forms part of the magnetic circuit  90 . The actuator device  10  comprises a first magnet yoke  26 . The magnetic circuit  90  comprises the first magnet yoke  26 . The first magnet yoke  26  is implemented of iron. The first magnet yoke  26  is configured to conduct a magnetic field of the magnet coils  22 ,  24 . The first magnet yoke  26  forms part of the magnetic circuit  90 . Viewed in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , the first magnet yoke  26  is arranged between the two magnet coils  22 ,  24 . The first magnet yoke  26  is embodied in a disk shape. In a mounted state of the actuator device  10 , the first magnet yoke  26  is implemented so as to be circulating around the armature element  12 . The first magnet yoke  26  extends in the radial direction  20  inwards. 
     The actuator device  10  comprises a second magnet yoke  28 . The magnetic circuit  90  comprises the second magnet yoke  28 . The second magnet yoke  28  is implemented at least substantially identically to the first magnet yoke  26 . The second magnet yoke  28  forms part of the magnetic circuit  90 . Viewed in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , the second magnet yoke  28  is arranged above the two magnet coils  22 ,  24 . The actuator device  10  comprises a third magnet yoke  30 . The magnetic circuit  90  comprises the third magnet yoke  30 . The third magnet yoke  30  is implemented at least substantially identically to the first magnet yoke  26 . The third magnet yoke  30  forms part of the magnetic circuit  90 . Viewed in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , the third magnet yoke  30  is arranged below the two magnet coils  22 ,  24 . 
     Via the connection of the shaft  72  to the armature element  12 , radial impacts can be transferred from the shaft  72  to the armature element  12  or vice versa. The actuator device  10  comprises a lower spring element  58 . Viewed in the axial direction  18 , the lower spring element  58  is connected to a lower end  84  of the shaft  72 . The actuator device  10  comprises an upper spring element  82 . Viewed in the axial direction  18 , the upper spring element  82  is connected to an upper end  86  of the shaft  72 , which is situated opposite the lower end  84  of the shaft  72 . The spring elements  58 ,  82  are configured for a radial support of the armature element  12 . The spring elements  58 ,  82  are configured for a damping of movements of the armature element  12  in radial directions  20  of the armature element  12 . The spring elements  58 ,  82  are in each case embodied as disk springs. 
     The actuator device  10  comprises an abutment element  60 . The actuator device  10  comprises a further abutment element  78 . The abutment elements  60 ,  78  are configured to delimit a movement of the armature element  12  along the axial direction  18 . The upper abutment element  60  is implemented integrally with the housing  66 . The upper abutment element  60  is embodied as a disk-shaped projection of the housing  66 , which extends in the radial direction  20  inwards. The lower abutment element  78  is implemented integrally with a spring holder  80  of the actuator device  10 , which is configured for holding a spring element  58  of the actuator device  10 . The lower abutment element  78  is embodied as a disk-shaped projection of the spring holder  80 , which extends in the radial direction  20  inwards. However, other implementations of the abutment elements  60 ,  78  are conceivable. 
     “Integrally” is in particular to mean at least connected by substance-to-substance bond, for example via a welding process, a gluing process, an injection-molding process and/or a further process deemed expedient by someone skilled in the art, and/or advantageously formed in one piece, like for example by a production from a cast and/or by a production in a one-component or multi-component injection-molding procedure, and advantageously from a single blank. 
     The actuator device  10  comprises damper elements  62 ,  88 . The damper elements  62 ,  88  are configured to damp impacts of the armature element  12  on the abutment elements  60 ,  78 . The damper elements  62 ,  88  are implemented of an elastomer. The damper elements  62 ,  88  are implemented in a ring shape. However, other implementations of the damper elements  62 ,  88  are conceivable. The damper elements  62 ,  88  are in each case attached on sides of the armature element  12  which, viewed in the axial direction  18 , form an upper side and an underside of the armature element  12 . The damper elements  62 ,  88  are fastened on the armature element  12 . The damper elements  62 ,  88  are arranged opposite the abutment elements  60 ,  78  in the axial direction  18 . The damper elements  62 ,  88  overlap in the axial direction  18  at least partly with the abutment elements  60 ,  78 . The axial direction  18  of the armature element  12  runs parallel to and/or overlaps with the axial directions  18  of the magnet coils  22 ,  24  or of the magnet yokes  26 ,  28 ,  30 . The radial direction  20  runs perpendicularly to the axial direction  18 . 
       FIG. 2  shows a schematic partial view of the actuator device  10  with indicated magnetic field lines  40 , in particular of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . From the magnetic field lines  40  and the magnet poles N, S indicated in  FIG. 2 , it can be seen that the permanent magnet  14 ,  16  is arranged in the armature element  12  in such a way that, on an end  36 ,  38  of the permanent magnet  14 ,  16 , which is situated outside in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , the magnetic field lines  40  of a magnet pole of the permanent magnet  14 ,  16 , which is situated inside in the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 , are guided back, through the material of a part  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12 , which forms the encapsulation, outwards to the outside-situated magnet yokes  28 ,  30 . As a result, on the respective parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12 , which form the encapsulation, magnet poles are realized which in each case correspond to the inside-situated magnet poles. It is thus advantageously possible to dispense with additional, cost-intensive permanent magnets above the permanent magnet  14  or below the further permanent magnet  16 . 
     Positions of transitions  98 ,  100 ,  102  between the magnet poles are indicated in  FIG. 2  along the axial direction  18  by horizontal lines. The transitions  98 ,  102  of magnet poles of one of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to one of the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation are arranged along the axial direction  18  at the outside-situated ends  36 ,  38  of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . In the resting operation state, the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged relative to the magnet yokes  26 ,  28 ,  30  in such a way that, viewed along the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , a transition from a north pole N of one of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 , for example the upper permanent magnet  14 , to a south pole of the other permanent magnet  14 ,  16 , for example the lower permanent magnet  16 , is arranged on a level with the respective nearest magnet yoke  26 ,  28 ,  30 . In the resting operation state, the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  and the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation are arranged relative to the magnet yokes  26 ,  28 ,  30  in such a way that, viewed along the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , a transition  98 ,  102  from a magnet pole of one of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to the respective allocated parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  forming the encapsulation is in each case arranged on a level with the respective nearest magnet yoke  26 ,  28 ,  30 . The transition  98  from the part  32  of the armature element  12  forming the encapsulation and situated in the axial direction  18  at the top to the in the axial direction  18  upper permanent magnet  14  is in the resting operation state arranged on a level with the second magnet yoke  28 . The transition from the part  34  of the armature element  12  forming the encapsulation and situated in the axial direction  18  at the bottom to the in the axial direction  18  lower permanent magnet  16  is in the resting operation state arranged on a level with the third magnet yoke  30 . The transition  100  between the outside-situated magnet poles of the two permanent magnets  14 ,  16  is in the resting operation state arranged on a level with the first magnet yoke  26 . 
     The receiving region of the armature element  12  comprises radially offset elevations  44 . The radially offset elevations  44  extend in the radial direction  20  outwards. The radially offset elevations  44  extend in the radial direction  20  toward the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 , which are arranged in the receiving region  42 . The radially offset elevations  44  are configured to contact the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 , which are coupled with the armature element  12 . The radially offset elevations  44  are configured to form at a rear side of the receiving region  42  gaps  92  between the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  and the armature element  12 . The gaps  92  may be configured for receiving an adhesive material for a fixation of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to the armature element  12 . 
     The hollow space  46  in the interior of the armature element  12  comprises an inner wall  48 . The hollow space has on its inner wall  48  a first recess  50 . The hollow space  46  has on its inner wall  48  a second recess  52 . The recesses  50 ,  52  are implemented as furrow-like deepenings and/or undercuts in the inner wall  48  of the hollow space  46 . Respectively one of the recesses  50 ,  52  of the inner wall  48  of the armature element  12  is in the resting operation state arranged, along the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , centrally and on a level with respectively one of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . The recesses  50 ,  52  of the inner wall  48  of the armature element  12  in each case have two side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96 . The side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the recesses  50 ,  52  are angled with respect to the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 . The side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the recesses  50 ,  52  are angled by approximately 60° with respect to the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 . The side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the recesses  50 ,  52  are angled with respect to the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 . The side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the recesses  50 ,  52  are angled by approximately 30° with respect to the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 . As can be seen in  FIG. 2 , the recesses  50 ,  52  of the side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the hollow space  46  of the armature element  12  are configured to guide the magnetic field lines  40  of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16 . The recesses  50 ,  52  of the side walls  54 ,  56 ,  94 ,  96  of the hollow space  46  of the armature element  12  are configured to split the magnetic field lines  40  of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  up in an advantageous manner. 
       FIG. 3  shows an enlarged section (cf. the rectangle done in dashed lines in  FIG. 2 ) of the actuator device  10  with the second magnet yoke  28 , the upper part  32  of the armature element  12  that forms the encapsulation and the permanent magnet  14 , in particular the upper outside-situated end  36  of the upper permanent magnet  14 , in the resting operation state. The transitions  98 ,  102  of the magnet poles of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation are in each case arranged offset, in the axial direction of the armature element  12 , relative to a center  104  of the nearest magnet yoke  28 ,  30 . The transitions  98 ,  102  of the magnet poles of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  forming the encapsulation are in each case arranged offset, in the axial direction  18  of the armature element  12 , toward the magnet coils  22 ,  24  and/or toward the first magnet yoke  26 . 
     The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged offset, in the direction of the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 , relative to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation. The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged offset, in the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 , relative to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation, toward a center of the armature element  12 . The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are arranged offset inwards, in the radial direction  20  of the armature element  12 , relative to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation. A distance of the permanent magnets  14 ,  16  to the respective magnet yoke  26 ,  28 ,  30  that is situated opposite in the radial direction  20  is greater than a distance of the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation to the respective magnet yoke  26 ,  28 ,  30  that is situated opposite in the radial direction  20 . The permanent magnets  14 ,  16  are in the receiving region  42  set back radially relative to the parts  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that form the encapsulation. 
       FIG. 4  shows a flow chart of a method with the actuator device  10 . In at least one method step  106 , a radially magnetized permanent magnet  14 ,  16  is arranged in the receiving region  42  of the armature element  12  in such a way that an inside-situated magnet pole of the radially magnetized permanent magnet  14 ,  16  is guided back outwards via a part  32 ,  34  of the armature element  12  that encapsulates the permanent magnet  14 ,  16 , said magnet pole thus forming, in an axial direction  18  above or below the permanent magnet  14 ,  16 , a magnet pole that is opposed to the outside-situated magnet pole of the adjoining permanent magnet  14 ,  16 . In at least one further method step  108 , a simultaneous current feed of the two magnet coils  22 ,  24  with different winding directions is generated by a common voltage supply (not shown), which results in a generation of opposite-oriented magnetic fields in the magnet coils  22 ,  24 , which are arranged one above the other one in the axial direction  18 . In at least one further method step  110 , a movement of the armature element  12  is controlled via a selective current feed to the magnet coils  22 ,  24  in such a way that external vibrations are compensated, reduced and/or absorbed by the movement of the armature element  12 . 
     REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           10  actuator device 
           12  armature element 
           14  permanent magnet 
           16  permanent magnet 
           18  axial direction 
           20  radial direction 
           22  magnet coil 
           24  magnet coil 
           26  magnet yoke 
           28  magnet yoke 
           30  magnet yoke 
           32  part 
           34  part 
           36  end 
           38  end 
           40  magnetic field lines 
           42  receiving region 
           44  elevation 
           46  hollow space 
           48  inner wall 
           50  recess 
           52  recess 
           54  side wall 
           56  side wall 
           58  spring element 
           60  abutment element 
           62  damper element 
           64  magnetic actuator 
           66  housing 
           68  coil body 
           70  coil body 
           72  shaft 
           74  overmold 
           76  client interface 
           78  abutment element 
           80  spring holder 
           82  spring element 
           84  end 
           86  end 
           88  damper element 
           90  magnetic circuit 
           92  gap 
           94  side wall 
           96  side wall 
           98  transition 
           100  transition 
           102  transition 
           104  center 
           106  method step 
           108  method step 
           110  method step 
           112  end 
           114  end 
         S magnetic south pole 
         N magnetic north pole