Patent Publication Number: US-2022226808-A1

Title: Detecting Apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This present application claims the priority of the following Chinese prior patent applications CN2021100842090 and filed on Jan. 21, 2021; CN2021201662118 and filed on Jan. 21, 2021; CN2021201687045 and filed on Jan. 21, 2021; CN202120168705X and filed on Jan. 21, 2021; and CN2021201687064 and filed on Jan. 21, 2021; description, drawings and claims of which are incorporated herein by reference as a portion of the present invention. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to the field of rapid detecting technologies in vitro; and in particular to an apparatus for collecting and detecting an analyte in a liquid sample in the field of rapid diagnosis, such as a urine and saliva collection and detection apparatus. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The following description is merely an introduction to the background art and not to limit the present invention. 
     At present, the detecting apparatus for detecting the presence or absence of an analyte in sample is widely used in hospitals or homes, and such apparatus for rapid diagnosis comprises one or more test strips, such as early pregnancy detection, drug abuse detection, etc. The apparatus is very convenient, and the detection result can be obtained from the test strip after one minute or no more than ten minutes. 
     The drug detection is widely used by drug control department, Public Security Bureau, drug rehabilitation centers, physical examination centers, the national conscription offices, etc. The drug detection is diverse and frequent. Some detections need to collect samples and then samples are detected in professional testing agency or testing laboratories, and some detections needs to be completed in the site in time, for example, persons who drive after drug use need to be tested on the spot (referred to as “Drug Driving”), to obtain the results in time. The sample for the drug detection may be urine, sweat, hair and a saliva. 
     In these detections, to obtain more accurate detecting results, the detecting personnel always add a buffer solution to a sample, thus maintaining a relatively stable pH value of a solution during the detection. Because the buffer solution will breed bacteria if it is exposed to the air at room temperature for a long time, and the bacterial metabolites will change the pH value of the buffer solution. Therefore, to avoid being in contact with the air, the buffer solution is generally not put to the detecting apparatus directly, but stored separately from the detecting apparatus in most cases, and added additionally during detection process. Such an operation way is very complex. 
     Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing conventional detecting apparatuses, thus providing an apparatus for sample collection and detection in a simpler way. 
     SUMMARY 
     The objective of the present invention is to provide a detecting apparatus, thus solving the problem proposed in the background art. 
     To achieve the above objective, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a detecting apparatus, including a storage chamber containing a treating fluid, where, the detecting apparatus is internally provided with a sharp-pointed portion; the storage chamber may make a movement relative to the sharp-pointed portion; the storage chamber will be pierced by the sharp-pointed portion during the moving process, such that the treating fluid in the storage chamber is released. 
     Further, the detecting apparatus includes a collecting chamber, and the released treating fluid may flow into the collecting chamber. 
     Further, the collecting chamber is used for holding a sample and is disposed in a first shell; and an opening is disposed on an upper position of the first shell. Further, the collecting chamber is provided with a testing element for detecting an analyte. 
     Further, the testing element is disposed on a carrier, and the carrier has a specific matching form with the collecting chamber; the carrier may be inserted into the collecting chamber from the opening at the upper position of the first shell; and the carrier has a definite and unique directional position after being inserted into the collecting chamber. 
     Further, the collecting chamber is internally provided with clamping strips; and one carrier is fixed by two clamping strips; the carrier is attached to an inner wall of side of the collecting chamber on a side where the testing element is provided. 
     Further, each clamping strip has a smaller thickness in the upper end and has a greater thickness in the lower end; correspondingly, the carrier has a smaller thickness in the bottom position and has a greater thickness in the top position. 
     Further, a corner position of the collecting chamber is provided with filleted corners; correspondingly, filleted corners are also disposed on the carrier at both sides of the face provided with the testing element. 
     Further, the detecting apparatus further includes a sample collector for collecting a sample; where the sample collector includes a covering end, and the covering end may be used to cover an opening of the collecting chamber. 
     Further, the sample collector further includes a sampling end and a rod body; the sampling end is connected with an absorbing element; the rod body is used for connecting the covering end and the sampling end, and the rod body may be detachably connected with the covering end. 
     Further, a hole is disposed on the sample collector and/or collecting chamber, such that the collecting chamber is in air communication with the outside via the hole. 
     Further, a hollow tube extending towards the collecting chamber is disposed at the hole position of the covering end. 
     Further, the hole has a diameter less than 1 mm. 
     Further, liquid in the storage chamber is a buffer solution. 
     Further, a connecting head is disposed on one side of the covering end of the sample collector opposite to the rod body; the connecting head is hollow, such that the storage chamber may access to the hollow position. 
     Further, the sharp-pointed portion shows a protruding shape, and is disposed at the hollow position of the connecting head. 
     Further, the storage chamber is disposed in the second shell; the second shell is provided with a layer of sealing membrane, used for sealing liquid in the storage chamber; and the storage chamber enters into the hollow position of the connecting head, and the sharp-pointed portion may pierce the sealing membrane on the second shell, thus releasing the liquid in the storage chamber. 
     Further, the sharp-pointed portion is provided with a through hole. 
     Further, the second shell is provided with a second sealing ring, and a gap between the second shell and the connecting head may be filled by the second sealing ring may. 
     Further, the detecting apparatus further includes a cover body; the cover body is connected with the second shell; such a connection relation is detachable or non-detachable. 
     Further, the cover body may be mutually covered with the connecting head. 
     Further, paired threads are disposed on the cover body and the connecting head. 
     Further, a rotating portion is disposed on the cover body and an upper end of the second shell; the rotating portion is provided with a first bulge; and the cover body is provided with a connecting hole; the rotating portion may be inserted into the connecting hole and buckled on the connecting hole via the first bulge, such that the second shell may rotate on the connecting hole. 
     Further, the detecting apparatus further includes a protecting element used for limiting excessive closure of the cover body. 
     Further, the protecting element further includes a protecting element used for limiting excessive closure of the cover body; the protecting element includes a supporting section, the supporting section is sleeved on the connecting head; a lower end of the supporting section may be abutted against an upper surface of the covering end, and an upper end of the supporting section may be abutted against the cover body. 
     Further, the supporting section is hollow and cylindrical, and is sleeved on the connecting head. 
     Further, a first notch is disposed on the supporting section of the protecting element. 
     Further, the protecting element is elastic. 
     Further, the protecting element further includes a holding portion provided with stripes; the holding portion is connected with the supporting section; and the connection position between the holding portion and the supporting section is just directly situated facing the first notch. 
     Further, a second bulge bulging inwards is disposed in the protecting element at the bottom position of the supporting section, and the second bulge is in an annular shape; correspondingly, an annular structure is also disposed in the connecting head close to the bottom position; the second bulge may be clamped into a gap between the annular structure and the upper surface of the covering end. 
     Further, the annular structure is provided with a second notch; correspondingly, a third bulge directly situated facing the first notch is disposed inside the supporting section of the protecting element; and the third bulge may be embedded into the second notch. 
     Further, the covering end is in a rectangular shape; and the second notch is located at one side close to the long edge of the covering end. 
     Further, a blocking wall is disposed on the supporting section of the protecting element and is arc-shaped. 
     Further, an inner diameter of the protecting element located in the blocking wall is greater than the inner diameter of the protecting element located in the supporting section. 
     Further, a buckle is disposed inside the blocking wall; a circle of flange is disposed at a bottom position of the cover body; and the flange of the cover body may access to the blocking wall and be buckled below the buckle. 
     Further, the upper end of the flange is horizontal and the lower end of the buckle is also horizontal; the upper end of the buckle is slope-shaped, and a chamfer is disposed at a lower position of the flange of the cover body. 
     To sum up, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a buffer solution is disposed in an independent chamber of the detecting apparatus, and may be obtained at any time in need of detection and thus, is easy to be used. The carrier has a specific matching form with the collecting chamber in the first shell, such that the carrier has a definite and unique directional position after being inserted into the collecting chamber; the sample collector is provided with a hole connecting the collecting chamber with the outside, capable of solving the covering problem caused by air pressure in the use process of the detecting apparatus. Meanwhile, a hollow tube extending towards the collecting chamber is disposed at the hole position of the covering end, capable of avoiding the leakage of the sample. The bottom position of the collecting chamber is provided with an extruding portion which opens upwards and presents a frustoconical shape; when the absorbing element on the sampling end contacts with the extruding portion to extrude the sample, the absorbing element extrudes the bottom of the extruding portion, meanwhile, the frustoconical opening can further extrude the side portion of the absorbing element, which improves the extruding efficiency and can release more liquid samples, and moreover can gather the sample to some extent. The detecting apparatus further includes a protecting element used for limiting excessive closure of the cover body, which can prevent the storage chamber from being pierced by the sharp-pointed portion before detection. A plurality of grooves are disposed on the outer surface of the carrier and can be used for mounting different testing elements, thus achieving multiple tests for once. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing an overall structure of a detecting apparatus; 
         FIG. 2  is a complete explosive diagram of the detecting apparatus; 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram showing that a carrier is mounted in a first shell; 
         FIG. 4  is a sectional diagram showing the front of the first shell; 
         FIG. 5  is a sectional diagram showing the side of the first shell; 
         FIG. 6  is an explosive diagram of the detecting apparatus in use; 
         FIG. 7  shows a local enlarged schematic diagram of an “A” region in  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 8  is a top view of the first shell; 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a covering end; 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are structure diagrams showing that a second shell is mounted in a cover body. 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a protecting element. 
         FIG. 12  is a complete explosive diagram of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus. 
         FIG. 13  is a partial explosive diagram of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus. 
         FIG. 14  is a diagram of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus in use. 
         FIG. 15  is a sectional diagram showing the pipe body structure and the collector of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus. 
         FIG. 16  is a sectional diagram showing the front of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus. 
         FIG. 17  is a sectional diagram showing the side of another embodiment of the detecting apparatus. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS 
     The structures or technical terms used in the present invention are further described in the following. Unless otherwise indicated, they are understood or interpreted according to ordinary terms and definitions in the art. 
     Detection 
     Detection denotes assaying or testing whether a substance or material exists, for example, but not limited to, chemicals, organic compounds, inorganic compounds, metabolites, drugs or drug metabolites, organic tissues or metabolites of organic tissues, nucleic acid, proteins or polymers. Moreover, detection denotes testing the number of a substance or material. Further, assay also denotes immunoassay, chemical detection, enzyme detection and the like. 
     Samples 
     The samples that can be detected by the detecting apparatus or collected samples of the present invention include biological liquid (e.g. case liquid or clinical samples), liquid samples or liquid specimens, or fluid samples or fluid specimens. These samples or specimens can be derived from solid or semi-solid samples, including fecal materials, biological tissues and food samples. Solid or semi-solid samples can be converted to liquid samples using any appropriate method, such as mixing, crushing, macerating, incubating, dissolving or digesting the solid samples in a suitable solution (such as water, phosphate solution or other buffer solutions) with the enzymolysis. “Biological samples” include samples from animals, plants and food, such as urine, saliva, blood and its components, spinal fluids, vaginal secretion, sperms, excrement, sweat, secreta, tissues, organs, tumors, cultures of tissues and organs, cell cultures and media from human or animals. The preferred biological sample is urine, preferably, the biological sample is saliva. Food samples comprise food processed substances, final products, meat, cheese, liquor, milk and drinking water; and plant samples comprise samples from any plants, plant tissues, plant cell cultures and media. “Environmental samples” are derived from the environment (for example, liquid samples, wastewater samples, soil texture samples, underground water, seawater and effluent samples from lakes and other water bodies). Environmental samples may further include sewage or other waste water. 
     Any analyte can be detected using the appropriate detecting element or testing element of the present invention. Preferably, the present invention is used to detect small drug molecules in saliva and urines. Of course, any form of samples, either initially solid or liquid, can be collected by the collection apparatus in the invention, as long as the liquid or liquid samples can be absorbed by the absorbing element. The absorbing element is generally prepared from a water absorbent material and is initially dry. It can absorb liquid or fluid specimens by capillary or other characteristics of the absorbing element material. The absorbent material can be any liquid absorbing material such as sponge, filter paper, polyester fiber, gel, non-woven fabric, cotton, polyester film, yarn, etc. Of course, the absorbing element is not necessarily prepared by an absorbent material but may be prepared by a non-water absorbent material. But the absorbing element has pores, threads, and cavities and specimens may be collected on these structures. 
     Downstream and Upstream 
     Downstream or upstream is divided according to a flow direction of a liquid, generally, a liquid flows to a downstream area from an upstream area. The downstream region receives liquid from the upstream region, and also, liquid can flow to the downstream region along the upstream region. Here the regions are often divided according to the flow direction of liquid. For example, on some materials that use capillary force to promote liquid to flow, liquid can flow against the gravity direction, at this time, the upstream and downstream regions are still divided according to the flow direction of liquid. 
     Gas Flow or Liquid Flow 
     Gas flow or liquid flow means that liquid or gas can flow from one place to another place. The flow process may pass through some physical structures, to play a guiding role. The “passing through some physical structures” here means that liquid passes through the surface of these physical structures or their internal space and flows to another place passively or actively, where passivity is usually caused by external forces, such as the flow of the capillary action. The flow here may mean flow of gas or liquid due to self action (gravity or pressure), or passive flow. Here, the flow does not mean that a liquid or a gas is necessarily present, but indicates a relationship or state between two objects under some circumstances. In case of presence of liquid, it can flow from one object to another. Here it means the state in which two objects are connected. In contrast, if there exists no gas flow or liquid flow state between two objects, and liquid exists in or above one object but cannot flow into or on another object, it is a non-flow, non-liquid or non-gas flow state. 
     Testing Element 
     The “testing element” used herein refers to an element that can be used to detect whether a sample or a specimen contains an interested analyte. Such testing can be based on any technical principles, such as immunology, chemistry, electricity, optics, molecular science, nucleic acids, physics, etc. The testing element can be a lateral flow test strip that can detect a variety of analytes. Of course, other suitable testing elements can also be used in the present invention. 
     Various testing elements can be combined for use in the present invention. One form of the testing elements is test paper. The test papers used for analyzing the analyte (such as drugs or metabolites that show physical conditions) in samples can be of various forms such as immunoassay or chemical analysis. The analysis mode of non-competition law or competition law can be adopted for test papers. A test paper generally contains a water absorbent material that has a sample application area, a reagent area and a testing area. Samples are added to the sample application area and flow to the reagent area through capillary action. If analyte exists in the reagent area, samples will bind to the reagent. Then, samples continue to flow to the testing area. Other reagents such as molecules that specifically bind to analyte are fixed in the testing area. These reagents react with the analyte (if any) in the sample and bind to the analyte in this area, or bind to a reagent in the reagent area. Marker used to display the detection signal exists in the reagent area or the detached mark area. 
     Typical non-competition law analysis mode: if a sample contains analyte, a signal will be generated; and if not, no signal will be generated. Competition law: if no analyte exists in the sample, a signal will be generated; and if analyte exists, no signal will be generated. 
     The testing element can be a test paper, which can be water absorbent or non-absorbing materials. The test paper can contain several materials used for delivery of liquid samples. One material can cover the other material. For example, the filter paper covers the nitrocellulose membrane. One area of the test paper can be of one or more materials, and the other area uses one or more other different materials. The test paper can stick to a certain support or on a hard surface for improving the strength of holding the test paper. 
     Analyte is detected through the signal generating system. For example, one or more enzymes that specifically react with this analyte is or are used, and the above method of fixing the specifically bound substance on the test paper is used to fix the combination of one or more signal generating systems in the analyte testing area of the test paper. The substance that generates a signal can be in the sample application area, the reagent area or the testing area, or on the whole test paper, and one or more materials of the test paper can be filled with this substance. The solution containing a signifier is added onto the surface of the test paper, or one or more materials of the test paper is or are immersed in a signifier-containing solution; and the test paper containing the signifier solution is made dry. 
     Each area of the test paper can be arranged in the following way: sample application area, reagent area, testing area, control area, area determining whether the sample is adulterated, and liquid sample absorbing area. The control area is located behind the testing area. All areas can be arranged on a test paper that is only made of one material. Also, different areas may be made of different materials. Each area can directly contact the liquid sample, or different areas are arranged according to the flow direction of liquid sample; and a tail end of each area is connected and overlapped with the front end of the other area. Materials used can be those with good water absorption such as filter papers, glass fibers or nitrocellulose membranes. The test paper can also be in the other forms. 
     The nitrocellulose membrane test strip is commonly used, that is, the testing area includes a nitrocellulose membrane on which a specific binding molecule is fixed to display the detecting result; and other test strips such as cellulose acetate membrane or nylon membrane test strips can also be used. For example, the test strips and similar apparatuses with test strips disclosed in the following patents can be applied to the testing elements or detecting apparatuses in this invention for analyte detection, such as the detection of the analyte in the samples: U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,857,453; 5,073,484; 5,119,831; 5,185,127; 5,275,785; 5,416,000; 5,504,013; 5,602,040; 5,622,871; 5,654,162; 5,656,503; 5,686,315; 5,766,961; 5,770,460; 5,916,815; 5,976,895; 6,248,598; 6,140,136; 6,187,269; 6,187,598; 6,228,660; 6,235,241; 6,306,642; 6,352,862; 6,372,515; 6,379,620, and 6,403,383 The test strips and similar apparatus provided with a test strip disclosed in the above patent literatures may be applied in the testing element or detecting apparatus of the present invention for the detection of an analyte, for example, the detection of an analyte in a sample. 
     The test strips applied in the present invention may be the so-called lateral flow test strips; moreover, the specific structure and detection principle of these test strips are common general knowledge in the art. Common test strip includes a sample collecting area or a sample application area, a labeled area, a testing area and a water absorbing area; the sample collecting area includes a sample receiving pad, the labeled area includes a labeled pad, the water absorbing area may include a water absorbing pad; where the testing area includes necessary chemical substances for detecting the presence or absence of analyte, such as immunoreagents or enzyme chemical reagents. The nitrocellulose membrane test strip is commonly used, that is, the testing area includes a nitrocellulose membrane on which specific binding molecule is fixed to display the detecting result; and other test strips such as cellulose acetate membrane or nylon membrane test strips can also be used. Of course, in the downstream of the testing area, there may also be a detecting result control area; generally, test strips appear on the control area and the testing area in the form of a horizontal line, that is a detection line or a control line, and such test strips are conventional. Of course, they can also be other types of test strips using capillary action for detection. In addition, there are often dry chemical reagent components on the test strip, for example immobilized antibody or other reagents. When the test strip meets liquid, the liquid flows along the test strip with the capillary action, and the dry reagent components are dissolved in the liquid, then the liquid flows to the next area, the dry reagents are treated and reacted for necessary detection. The liquid flow mainly relies on the capillary action. Here, all of them can be applied to the detecting apparatus of the present invention or can be disposed in contact with the liquid samples in the detection chamber or used to detect the presence or absence of analyte in the liquid samples that enter the detection chamber, or the quantity thereof. 
     In addition to the foregoing test strip or lateral flow test strip which is used to contact with the liquid to test whether the liquid samples contain analytes, in some preferred embodiments, the testing element is disposed on some carriers  40 , as shown in  FIG. 3 , for example, on some carriers having a plurality of grooves  43 ; the testing element is located in the groove  43 . In some embodiments, the carrier  40  includes a grooved area provided with a testing element; and the area is provided with a plurality of grooves, and each groove may be provided with a test stripe, and each test stripe may be used to detect one or more analytes. The carrier  40  has a matched form with the collecting chamber  22 , for example, the collecting chamber  22  is a square chamber here; correspondingly, a tabular carrier  40  may be put in the collecting chamber  22 , and a plurality of grooves  43  are disposed on the outer surface of the carrier  40 ; and these grooves  43  are evenly distributed in an array way; the testing element is put to the groove  43 , and the testing element may be a test stripe; sharp corners  41  are disposed at both sides of the groove  43 ; and the sharp corner  41  may clamp the test stripe in the groove  43  and mainly plays the role of fixing the test stripe. In some embodiments, after the testing element is disposed in the groove  43  of the carrier  40 , the carrier  40  is covered with a transparent film, to seal the grooved area of the carrier  40 . In addition, it is easy to observe the final test results on the testing area from the transparent film. The transparent film may be a transparent plastic sheet, which is only transparent in the testing area. 
     Generally, the test stripe includes a sample application area, a labeled area, and a testing area; the sample application area is put to a position near the bottom of the carrier, and then is slightly exposed to the groove, for example, 2-3 mm; the preserved sample application area is used to absorb the fluid samples flowing into the bottom of the collecting chamber  22 . Generally, the sample application area is located upstream the labeled area, and the labeled area is located upstream the testing area. 
     Carrier and Collecting Chamber 
     The collecting chamber is a place for holding a sample; the first shell  20  is provided with a collecting chamber  22 , and the collecting chamber  22  includes an opening at the upper position of the first shell  20 ; and the carrier  40  is inserted into the collecting chamber  22  from the opening at the upper position of the first shell  20 . In some embodiments, the carrier  40  has a specific matched form with the collecting chamber  22 . Such a matched form renders the carrier to have a definite and unique directional position after being inserted into the collecting chamber. Specifically, referring to  FIG. 5 , the collecting chamber  22  is internally provided with clamping strips  21 , and one carrier  40  is preferably fixed by two clamping strips  21 ; the two clamping strips  21  may limit the carrier  40  within the collecting chamber  22  by limiting both sides of the carrier  40  and allow one side of the carrier  40  provided with the test stripe to be attached to an inner wall of the side of the collecting chamber  22 ; the first shell  20  is preferably made of transparent materials, such that the detecting personnel may directly read the detection result from the carrier  40 . Further, referring to  FIG. 5 , the clamping strip  21  has a smaller thickness in the upper end and has a greater thickness in the lower end, such that the distance between the clamping strip and side wall of the collecting chamber is inconsistent and changes from wide to narrow; correspondingly, the carrier  40  has a smaller thickness in the bottom position  431  and has a greater thickness in the top position  432 . Due to the limitation of thickness, such a design mode renders that the carrier  40  may not be upside down (the top portion is downwards and bottom portion is upwards) inserted into the collecting chamber  22 , but inserted into the collecting chamber via an only way, thus avoiding wrong assembly during assembling process; particularly, such a design mode is especially useful in case of automatic assembly by a machine. Moreover, a corner position of the collecting chamber  22  is provided with filleted corners  433 , 434  ( FIG. 8 ). Correspondingly, filleted corners are also disposed on the carrier  40  at both sides of the face provided with the test stripe, such that the carrier  40  may slide down only when the side of the carrier  40  provided with the test stripe is attached to the inner wall of the collecting chamber  22 . When the side of the carrier  40  opposite to the test stripe is attached to the inner wall of the collecting chamber  22  to slide down, both sides of the carrier  40  opposite to the test stripe are non-filleted corners (both sides are sharp corners); during the sliding process, the non-filleted corners will be not matched with the filleted corners in the corner position of the collecting chamber  22 , such that the carrier may not slide to the bottom and thus is stuck and cannot get into the collecting chamber. Such configuration mode achieves the specific matching form between the carrier  40  and the collecting chamber  22 . Further, such specific mode limits the specific inserting direction of the front side and the reverse side of the carrier into the collecting chamber, and only allows the side of the carrier provided with the test stripe to be attached and close to the side wall. 
     Analyte 
     Examples that can use the analyte related to this invention include small-molecule substance, including drugs (such as drug abuse). “Drug of Abuse” (DOA) refers to using a drug (playing a role of paralyzing the nerves usually) not directed to a medical purpose. Abuse of these drugs will lead to physical and mental damage, produce dependency, addiction and/or death. Examples of DOA include cocaine, amphetamine AMP (for example, Black Beauty, white amphetamine table, dextroamphetamine, dextroamphetamine tablet, and Beans); methylamphetamine MET (crank, methamphetamine, crystal, speed); barbiturate BAR (e.g., Valium, Roche Pharmaceuticals, Nutley, and New Jersey); sedative (namely, sleep adjuvants); lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD); depressor (downers, goofballs, barbs, blue devils, yellow jackets, methaqualone), tricyclic antidepressants (TCA, namely, imipramine, Amitryptyline and Doxepin); methylene dioxymetham-phetamine (MDMA); phencyclidine (PCP); tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, pot, dope, hash, weed, and the like). Opiates (namely, morphine MOP or, opium, cocaine COC; heroin, oxycodone hydrochloride); antianxietics and sedative hypnotics, antianxietics are drugs for alleviating anxiety, tension, fear, stabilizing emotion and having hypnosis and sedation, including benzodiazepines (BZO), non-typical BZs, fusion dinitrogen NB23Cs, benzoazepines, ligands of a BZ receptor, open-loop BZs, diphenylmethane derivatives, piperazine carboxylates, piperidine carboxylates, quinazoline ketones, thiazine and thiazole derivatives, other heterocyclic, imidazole sedatives/analgesics (e.g., oxycodone hydrochloride OXY, metadon MTD), propylene glycol derivatives, mephenesin carbamates, aliphatic compounds, anthracene derivatives, and the like. The detection device of the present invention may be used for detecting drugs which belong to medical use but is easy to be taken excessively, such as tricyclic antidepressants (Imipramine or analogues), acetaminophen and the like. These medicines will be resolved into micromolecular substances after being absorbed by human body, and these micromolecular substances will exist in blood, urine, saliva, sweat and other body fluids or in some of the body fluids. 
     For example, the analyte detected by the present invention includes but not limited to creatinine, bilirubin, nitrite, proteins (nonspecific), hormones (for example, human chorionic gonadotropin, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, etc.), blood, leucocyte, sugar, heavy metals or toxins, bacterial substances (such as, proteins or carbohydrates against specific bacteria, for example,  Escherichia coli.  0157:H7,  Staphylococcus, Salmonella, Fusiformis  genus,  Camyplobacter  genus,  L. monocytogenes, Vibrio , or  Bacillus cereus ) and substances associated with physiological features in a urine sample, such as, pH and specific gravity. The chemical analysis of any other clinical urine may be conducted by means of a lateral cross-flow detection way and in combination with the device of the present invention. 
     Flow of Liquid 
     Generally, the flow of liquid means that liquid flows from one place to another place. Under normal circumstances, liquid flows from a high place to a low place due to gravity in the natural world. The flow of liquid herein relies on an external force, i.e. gravity, which can be called a flow due to gravity. In addition to gravity, liquid can also flow from a low place to a high place by overcoming the gravity. For example, liquid flows from a low place to a high place due to extraction, oppression or pressure, or by overcoming its gravity due to pressure. For example, in this example, if there is a liquid sample in the collecting chamber  22 , the liquid sample is gathered to the bottom of the collecting chamber  22  under the effect of gravity; when the liquid sample at the bottom of the collecting chamber  22  is in contact with the lower end of the test paper on the carrier  40 , the liquid sample begins to flow from bottom to top by relying on capillary force for detection. 
     Sample Collector and Collecting Chamber 
     A sample collector is used to collect samples; as shown in  FIG. 6  specifically, the sample collector  30  includes a covering end  31 , a rod body  32 , a sampling end  33 ; the covering end  31  may be used to cover the opening  22  of the collecting chamber  20  to prevent the leakage of the sample in the collecting chamber  20 ; the sampling end  33  is used to connect with an absorbing element (omitted); the absorbing element may be a non-poisonous sponge with strong water absorption and may be bonded with the sampling end  33  via a special glue; when the sample collector  30  is inserted into the collecting chamber  22  along the opening of the collecting chamber  22 , the absorbing element (not shown) on the sampling end  33  extrudes the bottom of the collecting chamber  22 , such that the sample is squeezed out from the absorbing element. As the sample collector  30  moves down constantly, the liquid sample in the absorbing element is constantly squeezed out until the opening of the collecting chamber  22  is completely covered by the covering end  31 . At this time, the sample collector  30  cannot keep moving down, and the absorbing element is also in an extruded state. The covering end  31  is matched with the opening  22  of the collecting chamber  20  in shape, such that the opening of the collecting chamber may be sealed (liquid sealed) by the cover body. Preferably, the upper end of the rod body  32  may be detachably connected with the covering end  31 , for example, connected by a screw-thread fit way. For the convenience of production, integration of injection molding may be available certainly. 
     When the collecting chamber  22  is covered by the covering end  31 , the cover body is inserted into the collecting chamber in a form similar to a piston, and the covering end has a longitudinal thickness; since the inner part of the collecting chamber  22  is sealed, and as the covering end  31  keeps access into the collecting chamber, the air pressure in the collecting chamber  22  will be higher and higher, which will cause that the collecting chamber (not covered firmly) cannot be completely covered by the covering end  31 , or the covering end  31  is popped out due to the increase of air pressure in the collecting chamber caused by air compression after covering the covering end  31 . This is mainly because the opening  22  of the collecting chamber  22  may be sealed by the covering end  31 . The term “seal” in “the opening of the collecting chamber may be sealed” here refers to liquid seal, that is, liquid is not allowed to leak out of the collecting chamber. The covering end  31  and the collector  30  are an integrated structure; generally, the covering end  31  and the collector  30  are used to collect liquid independently, and then together inserted into the collecting chamber. During the insertion process, the collector is extruded after access into the collecting chamber to release liquid; the opening of the collecting chamber is liquid sealed by the covering end. In such a process, to make it easier to achieve such a manual operation, the increase of air pressure in the collecting chamber is removed such that the collecting chamber is sealed by the covering end. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a hole in gas communication with the outside, and the hole allows gas to exchange with the collecting chamber, but liquid is not allowed to exchange. In some embodiments, to remove the influence of air pressure, the sample collector  30  and/or collecting chamber  22  should be provided with a hole capable of keeping gas communication between the collecting chamber  22  and the outside. For example, as shown in  FIG. 7 , the covering end  31  is provided with a hole  35  having a diameter of 1 mm below, such as, 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.1 mm or 2 mm; the covering end  31  provided with a hole  35  may be covered with the collecting chamber  22  well, such that the collecting chamber keeps gas communication with the outside. 
     Further, after the covering end provided with a collector is inserted into the collecting chamber, and when a treating fluid in the storage chamber is released, a liquid storage chamber  90  is allowed to access into the inside of the connecting head. It is desired to make the liquid storage chamber sealed with the connecting head, at this time the connecting head is in gas communication with the collecting chamber. The liquid storage chamber will compress the air pressure inside the connecting head and the collecting chamber to increase pressure when accessing into the inside of the connecting head. The hole on the covering end keeps gas communication with the outside, and redundant gas may be discharged at this time, specifically specified as follow. 
     In another embodiments, for example, another product structure diagram as shown in  FIG. 12 , the covering end  105  is sealed in the collecting chamber once the covering end  105  of the product is assembled. The seal herein generally refers that the collecting chamber is sealed with the covering end  105  in a ultrasonic welding way. At this time, the covering end  105  is connected with a channel of a pipe body structure  107 ; the channel extends to the bottom of the collecting chamber directly, and the collector  110  is allowed to be inserted into the channel of the pipe body structure  107  independently, thus achieving the extrusion of the absorbing element  103  on the collector to a liquid sample. Similarly, it is desired that the absorbing element  103  of the collector is sealed with the inner wall  2091  of the pipe body  107 . Therefore, a sealing element  104  is disposed at an upper end of the absorbing element, such that the sealing element is sealed in the channel  209  at a lower portion of the pipe body when the absorbing element accesses into the pipe body. The upper channel  208  has a greater diameter than that of the sealing element. Such a configuration way has the following advantages: when the absorbing element is extruded to release liquid samples, the liquid samples are allowed to flow to the bottom of the collector as much as possible, thus preventing liquid from flowing onto the upper portion of the sealing element  104  ( FIG. 16 ). In case of general configuration, the wall inside the pipe body  107  or the wall of a portion thereof actually needs to be in a liquid seal stage with the collector. Moreover, the collecting chamber is covered by the covering end  105  to be in a seal state; the overall collecting chamber is sealed except for an outlet keeping gas communication between the pipe body structure  107  and the outside; namely, the collecting chamber is connected with the outside via the opening  110  of the pipe body. But when the collector is inserted into the pipe body  107  through the opening  118 , the sealing element  104  on the collector and the inner wall  209  of the pipe body are in a sealing state; accordingly, the air in the collecting chamber  109  and in the pipe body is sealed. When the collector keeps inserting into the pipe body, the volume of the closed air in the collecting chamber is actually compressed. To make it easier to insert the collector  110  into the pipe like channel  107 , a small hole  110  is also opened on the covering end  105 , and the small hole is in gas communication with the collecting chamber. Such a configuration way also can solve the problem that the collecting chamber is sealed and compressed to increase air pressure therein. The increase of the internal air pressure applies a counter-acting force to the collector, such that the collector is hardly inserted into the pipelike channel  107  smoothly. On the contrary, due to the presence of the small hole  110 , air in the collecting chamber is allowed by the small hole to be released to the atmospheric environment, thus keeping a balanced air pressure and removing the counter-acting force from the inner part of the collecting chamber on the collector. When the collector  110  is inserted into the pipe body structure and it is desired to keep a compressed state, the apparatus is further connected with a cover body  101 ; one end of the cover body is hinged with the covering end, and another end has a locking structure  202 ; the locking structure has a matched structure  106  with the covering end. When the cover body is closed, the locking structure of the cover body  101  is locked with the structure of the covering end ( FIG. 16 ). The locking structure allows the collector to be kept in the pipe body  107  and to be a compressed state; and the extruded liquid sample on the compressed absorbing element flows into the groove  219  of the collecting chamber, and then flows towards the both sides of the test stripes respectively, thus completing the primary detection of the analyte. 
     In another aspect, after the detection is completed, for example, after the primary detection is performed by an immune method, when it is desired to carry out secondary detection for confirmation on the doubtful results, the liquid sample residual in the collecting chamber is subjected to secondary detection for confirmation. Usually, the method for secondary confirmation is a method more precise than the immune method, for example, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and the like. In case of secondary detection, the overall detecting apparatus, for example, including the collecting chamber  109 , the collector  110 , and the cover body  101  are together sent to an experiment center by express for secondary confirmation. At this time, especially when the volume of the collected sample is very little, gaseous water in the liquid sample is gasified and evaporated during transportation with the increase of temperature due to the presence of the small hole  110 . The evaporated water vapor (steam) flows to the outside through the small hole  110  of the collector. Because the liquid sample is evaporated completely during the transportation, the secondary detection will be not performed effectively when necessary. The reason why the liquid sample is evaporated is that on one hand, the small hole  110  may keep gas communication between the internal environment of the collecting chamber and the external environment, and when there is a humidity difference between the inside and the outside, liquid inside the collecting chamber will be evaporated to form water vapor; on the other hand, the temperature difference between inside and outside may also cause the evaporation of the liquid sample, leading to sample loss. The above problem is particularly obvious when a saliva sample is collected. Because the saliva sample is very little in volume, and there exists lots of sticky substances. After the saliva sample is absorbed by the test stripe for primary detection, there may be only a microliter amount, for example, 1 μl, 2 μl, 5 μl, 10 μl, 20 μl, 50 μl, 100 μl, 200 μl, 300 μl, 500 μl, or 1000 μl of the liquid sample staying in the collecting chamber. During the transportation of the whole detecting apparatus, liquid samples are also easily evaporated to be dry, or decrease in volume; the degree of drying or the decrease of volume depends on the difference between inside and outside environment, for example, humidity, temperature, drying degree and transportation time and other overall factors. The result is that even if the liquid sample is collected in the detecting apparatus, the volume of the residual liquid sample for secondary detection is very small or the liquid sample becomes dry, sampling will be not performed for the detection. Generally, the sample for the secondary detection must be the same as that for the primary detection. It is not convenient to take or extract the sample out of the collecting chamber. If the liquid sample becomes dry, there is no way to obtain the sample for the secondary detection, and accordingly, the secondary detection is failure. The “sample sample” described here refers that after sampling, a portion is used for the primary detection, and another portion is preserved for the secondary detection. Moreover, it is desired that the sample is not treated, for example, a buffer solution is added for dilution or processing. This is because some detections have legal purposes, and it is desired that the sample is not interfered by extra components, and the sample for the primary detection is kept consistent with the sample for the secondary detection as much as possible. Of course, a buffer solution is not allowed to be added in the collecting chamber to dilute the sample during the secondary detection for confirmation. To solve such a problem, the detecting apparatus is further provided with a cover body  101 , and the cover body is connected on the covering end  105  in a hinge way. The cover body includes a sealing element  200  of a sealing hole  101 . When the cover body is overturned to cover on the covering end  105 , the small hole  101  is sealed by the sealing element  200 , thus achieving the seal of the collecting chamber. Such a sealing way may be a form of air-tight seal ( FIG. 17 ) to avoid that water vapor flows to the atmospheric environment through the hole  101 . When the chamber is required to exchange air with the outside, the hole  101  is not sealed, which achieves that the collector is inserted ( FIG. 12 ) or the covering end  30  provided with the collector  32  is inserted into the collecting chamber ( FIG. 6  or  FIG. 7 ). At the end of the primary detection, if the sample needs to be transported to a central lab for secondary detection for confirmation, the small hole is sealed to keep the leakproofness of the collecting chamber, such that the liquid sample in the collecting chamber decreases due to evaporation. As for the structure shown in  FIG. 12  for example, the cover body has a sealing element similar to a plug  200 ; when the cover body is closed, the plug is inserted into the hole  101 , thus achieving sealing. Of course, the plug  200  may be used to seal a hole, and also may be inserted into the channel  1112  of the pipe  111 , thus achieving better and more stable sealing. It may be understood that a sealing plug may be separately provided to seal the hole  101  or  35 . The sealing plug may be also provided separately instead of being disposed on the cover body as shown in  FIG. 12 . After finishing the primary detection, the hole  35  is plugged by a plug, such that the collecting chamber is in a sealing state, which may avoid that the liquid sample residual in the collecting chamber decreases due to evaporation in the transportation process, and even becomes dry, thereby leading to the failure of the secondary detection for confirmation. For example, as shown in  FIG. 7 , the position of the hole  35  is very close to the cyclic structure  42  of the connecting head  37 . The cover body  80  rotating on the connecting head  37  is also provided with a cyclic structure  82  bulging outwards. When the cover body is rotated on the surface of the covering end, the cyclic structure  82  of the cover body  80  may also play a role of sealing the hole. For example, a small bulge (omitted), for example, a structure similar to a bulge or a mechanism similar to a plug, is disposed on the lower surface of the cyclic structure. When the cover body is rotated on the surface of the covering end, the small bulge may be just located at the upper end of the hole, thus covering and sealing the small hole from the upper end, such that the overall collecting chamber is in a fully sealed state. The overall collecting chamber is in a sealing state because the space inside the connecting head is sealed by the liquid storage chamber  91 , which may also avoid that the liquid sample decreases due to evaporation in the transportation process. 
     In some preferred embodiments, the configuration of the hole  35  may solve the problem of air pressure. When the hole is sealed with a sealing element, the volatilization of liquid in the collecting chamber may be avoided more effectively. But sometimes, holes  35 ,  110  may be not 100% sealed by the sealing element. To ensure that a certain amount of liquid in the collecting chamber is preserved in case of the primary detection and the volume of the liquid sample is still desired to keep substantial same, holes  35 ,  110  are sealed by a sealing element or in a plug way, or in a way of swelling the lower end of the above cover body. The above configuration mode may ensure that the volume of the liquid sample in the collecting chamber is basically kept same with the volume of the residual liquid sample substantially after the primary detection for a long-term transportation ( 15  or  20   d  at most) in 90% of the detecting apparatus around, but there are still 10% detecting apparatuses whose volume of liquid sample is decreased or liquid sample is dry. 
     To further improve the sealing possibility, a channel  111  is extended under the holes  35 ,  110 ; the channel has an equivalent width with the hole, or has a smaller diameter than the opening of the hole. Moreover, the channel  111  also extends into the collecting chamber and is in gas communication with the collecting chamber. It is surprisingly found that for more than 98% of the detecting apparatuses, the volume of the liquid sample in the collecting chamber is basically kept same with the volume of the liquid sample residual in the collecting chamber after the primary detection substantially or is decreased very little after the transportation. Later on, by analysis, the reason may be as follows: the extending micro-channel may achieve the air exchange between the collecting chamber and the outside, but when the holes  35 , 110  are sealed, the liquid sample in the collecting chamber hardly leaks to the outside after passing through the micro-channel  111 , even water vapor in the liquid sample comparatively hardly flows to the outside through the micro-channel. The micro-channel has a certain length; water vapor will be congealed in the micro-channel to form water drops, falling to the collecting chamber after flowing to the micro-channel. The channel may have a length of 10 mm, or 20-30 mm. Gas is allowed to flow freely in the channel  111 , but water vapor flows hardly. 
     In addition, another advantage of such a configuration way is that when the detecting apparatus is inverted, liquid samples will be gathered to the position of the covering end  31  under the effect of gravity, and the hollow tubes  36 ,  111  raise the height of the holes  35 , 110  in the communication position; therefore, the holes cannot be in contact with the liquid samples. That is, liquid samples cannot leak from the hole  35 , and at the same time, the hole  35  has a small diameter and further reduces the possibility of leakage of the liquid samples due to the existence of aqueous tension. When the collecting chamber is inverted during the transportation of the whole apparatus, the detecting apparatus may be not kept in a same fixed position, namely, overturned or inverted. At this time, even if the collecting chamber is inverted, liquid will not flow to the outside through the pipe  1112  because the channel extends into the collecting chamber. 
     Collecting Chamber and Storage Chamber 
     The storage chamber is used to store a treating fluid, and the treating fluid may be solid, liquid and gaseous. Common treating fluids are liquid, for example, a buffer solution; the treating fluid includes some chemical components to elute analytes on the absorbing element of the collector or mix with a sample, such that the sample flows on a test stripe easily. In this present invention, the buffer solution is separately sealed in the storage chamber  90 ; after the sample collector collects the sample, the storage chamber  90  needs to be opened and the buffer solution is added to the collecting chamber  22  to be mixed with the sample; then the obtained mixed liquor contacts with the test paper on the carrier  40  for detection. The sampling quantity of the sample on the absorbing element is controlled by designing a size of the absorbing element, or a size of the sample groove  25  is designed to control the quantity of the samples required while being in contact with the test paper, thus achieving the full release of the liquid sample capable of being absorbed by the absorbing element on the sample collector. But, in case of little sample absorbed, the sample located in the sample groove  25  cannot be in contact with the test paper. At this time, the obtained mixed liquor can contact with the test paper due to the increase of the total volume only when the buffer solution in the storage chamber  90  is added to the collecting chamber  22 . Such a design mode can achieve more precise detection of the detecting apparatus and avoids the failure of detection because there is little sampling quantity of the absorbing element. Moreover, some analytes are easily absorbed by the collector or plastic. When a fluid sample is obtained from the collector, but the target analyte in the sample is easily absorbed on the collector, at this time, the analyte on the collector is eluted by a treating fluid to improve the accuracy of the detection. 
     Preferably, in this present invention, the storage chamber  90  is an individual chamber and may be separated from the collecting chamber  22 ; the storage chamber  90  is disposed in the second shell  91 , and the second shell  91  is provided with a layer of sealing membrane  92 ; and the sealing membrane  92  may be selected from aluminum foil, thus sealing the buffer solution in the storage chamber  90 . At this time, the membrane of the storage chamber  91  is easily pierced by the piercing element to release the treating fluid. 
     Preferably, to improve the integrity of the detecting apparatus and for the convenience of use, a connecting head  37  is disposed on the side of the covering end  31  of the sample collector  30  opposite to the rod body  32 ; the connecting head  37  is hollow and the second shell  91  may access to the hollow position; further, the connecting head  37  is provided with a sharp-pointed portion  38  protruding upwards in the hollow position; the sharp-pointed portion  38  is provided with through holes  39 ; when the side of the sealing membrane  92  on the storage chamber  91  extrudes the sharp-pointed portion  38 , the sealing membrane  92  is pierced and liquid in the storage chamber  90  is leaked and flows into the collecting chamber  22  to be mixed with the sample via the through holes  39 . Further, since the second shell  91  may access to the hollow position of the connecting head  37 , there is a gap between the second shell  91  and the connecting head  37 . The buffer solution in the storage chamber  90  may leak from the gap once the sealing membrane  92  is pierced, leading to the leakage of the buffer solution. To solve such a problem, a second sealing ring  93  is mounted on the outer surface of the second shell  91 , and the sealing ring  93  should be elastic; when the second shell  91  gets into the connecting head  37 , the gap between the second shell  91  and the connecting head  37  is filled by the second sealing ring  93 ; or the sealing ring is in contact with the side wall inside the connecting head to achieve sealing, thereby solving the leakage problem of the buffer solution. In some embodiments, one end of the collector  32  is collected with the cover body  31 , and another end  33  thereof is connected with an absorbing element; the cover body  31  has a hole internally, and the connecting head  37  is a chamber structure, and the piercing element is disposed on another end of the connecting rod of the collector, for example, as shown in  FIG. 9 . It should be understood that the second shell  91  and the storage chamber  90  may be an integral structure; the sealing ring may be also disposed outside the second shell or outside the storage chamber  90 , used for contacting with the inner wall of the connecting head  37 , thereby exerting the sealing role. 
     After the introduction of second sealing ring  93 , as the storage chamber  90  moves down and towards the hollow position of the connecting head  37 , the air pressure in the storage chamber  90  will increase (the space in the connecting head  37  is in communication with the collecting chamber), which hinders the continuous downward movement of the storage chamber  90 . The above covering end  31  is provided with a hole  35 , which may remove the influences of the air pressure in the storage chamber  90  and also solve the potential technical problem, that is, the problem that the storage chamber  90  moves down. Generally, a cover and an end  31  (called as a cover body; the cover body is sealed via way similar to a plug instead of threads, in this way, the collector, the cover and the end are directly inserted into a chamber body  20  to extrude the absorbing element when the collector, the cover and the end are connected into an integral structure) are used to seal the opening of the chamber body  20 ; after the covering end is covered, the overall chamber body is in a sealing state, as shown in  FIG. 6 . If a sealing ring is also disposed outside the storage chamber  90 , used for sealing the connecting head. In this way, when the storage chamber  90  enters into the connecting head  37 , the air pressure will be increased, thereby increasing the entrance difficulty. 
     Cover Body 
     The second shell  91  may be taken out of or mounted in the connecting head  37 ; the second shell  91  and the connecting head  37  are two components. The detecting personnel are easy to mistake that one of the two components is useless in use if unfamiliar with the use method of the apparatus, thereby leading to the loss of the components. To solve such a problem, the integrity of the detecting apparatus needs to be enhanced such that the detecting personnel know how to use it and know that the two components should be combined in use at the first sight of the apparatus. Preferably, the detecting apparatus further includes a cover body  80 ; the cover body  80  is connected with the second shell  91 . In some embodiments, the second shell  91  is disposed inside the cover body; a space or an interval  435  is disposed inside the shell and the cover body; when the cover body  80  and threads outside the connecting head  37  are rotated, the interval allows the connecting head  37  to get into the interval, such that the shell  91  in the cover body gets into the space of the connecting head  37 . Such kind of connection mode may be detachable or non-detachable. The cover body  80  may be covered with the connecting head  37 , for example, paired threads are disposed on the cover body  80  and the connecting head  37 . In such way, the cover body  80  may be screwed onto the connecting head  37 ; during the tightening process of the cover body  80 , the cover body  80  drives the second shell  91  to move towards the sharp-pointed portion  38  until the sealing membrane  92  is pierced by the sharp-pointed portion  38 . 
     If the detecting apparatus contains a cover body  80 , a second sealing ring  93  may be not disposed because the cover body  80  also may exert the leakage-proof effect to some extent. As a preferred embodiment, the detecting apparatus is still preserved with a sealing ring  93 . Since when the sealing membrane  92  is pierced by the sharp-pointed portion  38 , the cover body  80  is not tightly covered. Even though the cover body  80  exerts certain leakage-proof effect, leakage cannot be completely avoided. When the second shell  91  is provided with a second sealing ring  93 , and the gap between the second shell  91  and the connecting head  37  is sealed by the second sealing ring  93 . If the cover body  80  is non-detachably connected with the second shell  91 , namely, common fixed connection, the rotation of the cover body will also drive the shell to rotate synchronously. When the cover body  80  is rotated, the second sealing ring  93  will certainly rub against the inner wall of the connecting head  37 , which will greatly influence the closure of the cover body  80 , such that a larger force is required to overcome the frictional force. Moreover, when the second sealing ring enters into the connecting head  37 , the sealing causes air compression to increase the resistance. Therefore, the frictional resistances between the sealing ring  93  and the inner wall of the connecting head are leading factors. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the cover body  80  is detachably connected, or flexibly connected with the second shell  91 ; or preferably, the shell is connected with the cover body by the way of a relative rotational motion. In this way, when the cover body  80  is meshed with the connecting head  37  via threads, the cover body  80  and the connecting head  37  are covered with each other via mutual rotation; if the second shell  91  or the storage chamber  90  rotates together with the cover body, the cover body  80  may be rotated with great force due to the frictional force of the sealing element, which is difficult to operate. In contrast, when the cover body is rotated, the second shell  91  or the storage chamber  90  is not rotated transversely with the cover body, but moves down directly, and at this time, the cover body  80  may be rotated with less force. Specifically, for example, in this example, a rotating portion  94  is disposed on an upper end of the second shell  91 , and the rotating portion  94  is provided with a first bulge  95 ; and the cover body  80  is provided with a connecting hole  81 , and the rotating portion  94  may be inserted into the connecting hole  81  and buckled on the connecting hole  81  of the cover body via the first bulge  95 , thus being connected with the cover body; while the rotating portion  94  may rotate in the connecting hole  91  to drive the second shell  91  or the storage chamber  90  to rotate on the connecting hole  81 ; or the shell  91  may rotate relative to the cover body  80 . In such a design, when the connecting head  37  is covered by the cover body  80 , due to the presence of the second sealing ring  93 , the second shell  91  will move up and down equivalent to the connecting head  37  and thus, will hardly rotate in the internal connecting head, thereby reducing the friction between the sealing ring and the internal connecting head due to rotation. The second shell  91  will rotate equivalent to the cover body  80 ; in this way, the cover body covers on the external threads (the cover body is provided with internal threads, and the connecting head is provided with external threads) via rotation. In this way, during the rotation process of the covey body, the shell may move down only instead of rotating at the same time, which makes it easier for the cover body  80  to cover the connecting head  37 . Meanwhile, the second sealing ring  93  on the shell  91  may exert better leakage-proof effect. 
     Protecting Element 
     The storage chamber  90  may be connected on the connecting head  37  via the cover body  80 , for example, in this example, the cover body  80  is in threaded fit connection with the connecting head  37 , and may be fixed on the connecting head  37  by several rotations slightly. But if the cover body  80  is not screwed tightly, the cover body  80  falls off from the connecting head  37  easily; but if the cover body  80  is screwed too tightly, and because the operator cannot see the location of the storage chamber  90 , it easily causes that the sealing membrane  92  is pierced by the sharp-pointed portion  38  in advance, such that the buffer solution will flow into the collecting chamber in advance. If the collector is not inserted into the chamber  20  to be compressed to release liquid at this time, the buffer solution will contact with the test stripe in advance for detection, leading to inaccurate assay. It is rather difficult to find a location where the cover body  80  does not fall off and the inner storage chamber  90  is not pierced; even if such a location is found, it is easy for the detecting personnel to make a wrong operation in the premise of making how to operate the detecting apparatus unclear, for example, to carelessly screw the cover body  80  before detection, causing that the sealing membrane  92  is pierced, and then the buffer solution is released into the collecting chamber  22  in advance, leading to an incorrect detection result. 
     To solve such a technical problem, the detecting apparatus further includes a protecting element  70  or a controlling element; and the controlling element is similar to a form of a switch or a lock catch which may control the rotation of the cover body  80  and the number of rotations, or control the longitudinal motion height of the cover body  80  on the connecting head, such that the locking state may be actually removed in an appropriate condition and accordingly, the protecting element is taken down. The protecting element  70  is used for limiting the excessive rotation of the cover body  80 , namely, limiting that the storage chamber  90  is pierced by the sharp-pointed portion  38  in advance. The protecting element  70  includes a supporting section  71 , and the supporting section  71  is sleeved on the connecting head  37 ; a lower end of the supporting section  71  is abutted against an upper surface of the covering end  31 , and an upper end of the supporting section  71  is abutted against the cover body  80 . Such a configuration way may avoid the excessive rotation of the cover body  80 . The supporting section  71  may be hollow and cylindrical, and is sleeved on the connecting head  37 . Further, when the supporting section  71  is hollow and cylindrical, and if the sharp-pointed portion  38  is desired to pierce the storage chamber  90 , the cover body  80  needs to be screwed off first, and then the protecting element  70  is taken down, and the cover body  80  is tightened, which is too complex. In this example, a first notch  72  is disposed on the supporting section  71  of the protecting element  70 , and the protecting element  70  is elastic and may produce elastic deformation. In this way, the protecting element  70  may be taken down directly in case of not screwing off the cover body  80 , which is convenient for the rotation of the cover body  80  to pierce the storage chamber  90 . Hence, in an initial state, the protecting element  70  is clamped on the connecting head  37 , and the cover body  80  is rotationally fixed on the connecting head. Due to the limitation of the protecting element  70 , the cover body cannot keep rotation, and since the storage chamber  90  is flexibly connected on the cover body, the storage chamber  90  is also located in the initial position and thus, may be not pierced by the piercing element. 
     Preferably, for the convenience of taking down the protecting element  70 , the protecting element  70  further includes a holding portion  73 ; and the holding portion  73  is provided with stripes, capable of increasing the friction between the detecting personnel and the holding portion  73 . Further, the holding portion  73  is connected with the supporting section  71 , and the connection position between the holding portion  73  and the supporting section  71  is just directly situated facing the first notch  72 . 
     Preferably, to make the protecting element  70  mounted on the connecting head  37  more firmly, a second bulge  44  bulging inwards is disposed in the protecting element  70  at the bottom position of the supporting section  71 , and the second bulge  44  may be in an annular shape; correspondingly, an annular structure  42  ( FIG. 9 ) is also disposed in the connecting head  37  close to the bottom position; the second bulge  44  may be clamped into a gap between the annular structure  42  and the upper surface of the covering end  31 , such that the protecting element  70  is firm after being mounted. 
     Preferably, to achieve a beautiful detecting apparatus, the position of the holding portion  73  on the protecting element  70  is upright instead of being upwards randomly; the annular structure  42  is provided with a second notch  45 ; correspondingly, a third bulge  74  directly situated facing the first notch  72  is disposed inside the supporting section  71  of the protecting element  70 ; and the third bulge  74  may be embedded into the second notch  45 . Such a configuration mode may limit the random rotation of the protecting element  70  on the connecting head  37 . When the second notch  45  is located at the side close to the long edge of the covering end  31 , the holding portion  73  of the protecting element  70  is also located at the side close to the long edge of the covering end  31 . Such a configuration mode renders that the protecting element is located in the space above the covering end, convenient for packaging. 
     When the protecting element  70  is mounted on the connecting head  37 , the supporting section  71  of the protecting element  70  may avoid the excessive screwing in of the cover body  80 , but may not exert the function of inhibiting the screwing out of the cover body  80 . If the cover body  80  can be still screwed out after the protecting element  70  is mounted, the detecting personnel do not know whether the protecting element  70  is taken down or the cover body  80  is crewed out first in the premise of making how to use the detecting apparatus unclear. Preferably, a blocking wall  75  is disposed on the supporting section  71  of the protecting element  70  and is also arc-shaped corresponding to the shape of the supporting section  71 . Since the cover body  80  will press upon the upper end of the supporting section  71  during the use procedure of the detecting apparatus, the inner diameter of the blocking wall  75  position is slightly greater than that of the supporting section  71  position; a buckle  76  is disposed inside the blocking wall  75 ; correspondingly, a circle of flange  82  is disposed at a bottom position of the cover body  80 ; and the flange  82  of the cover body  80  may access to the blocking wall  75  and be buckled below the buckle  76 . Further, the upper end of the flange  82  is horizontal and the lower end of the buckle  76  is also horizontal; after the cover body  80  is mounted, the upper end of the flange  82  is abutted against or almost abutted against the lower end face of the buckle  76 . If the detecting personnel want to unscrew the cover body  80  at this time, the flange  82  of the cover body  80  is abutted against the buckle  76 ; under the driving of the buckle  76 , the protecting element  70  will have a trend of moving up, and the second bulge  44  of the protecting element  70  is buckled between the annular structure  42  and the covering end  31  at this time, thus causing that the protecting element  70  cannot make upward movement. Therefore, the cover body  80  cannot be unscrewed or separated from the connecting head  37 , either. By such a structure design, the detecting personnel have to take down the protecting element  70  first while using the detecting apparatus. After pulling out the protecting element  70 , there is only a cover body  80  on the detecting apparatus. At this time, the detecting personnel drive the storage chamber  90  to move down in the connecting head by rotating the cover body  80 , thereby being pierced by the piercing element to release the buffer solution. The detecting personnel need not know the use method of the detecting apparatus and how to use the apparatus for detection in advance. Therefore, the detecting apparatus is apparent to the detecting personnel. 
     Preferably, the upper end of the buckle  76  is slope-shaped, and a chamfer  83  is disposed at a lower position of the flange  82  of the cover body  80 . In this way, during the production and assembly process of the detecting apparatus, assembly workers sleeve the protecting element  70  on the connecting head  37  first, and pair the third bulge  74  with the position of the second notch  45 , and then screw the cover body  80  on the connecting head  37 . When the cover body  80  (the second shell  91  has been mounted inside the cover body  80 ) moves down, the chamfer  83  of the flange  82  is abutted against the upper end face (a slope) of the buckle  76 . The downward movement of the cover body  80  may provide a horizontal force; and such horizontal force may slightly opens the protecting element  70  until the buckle  76  is buckled above the flange  82  of the cover body  80 . While at this time, when the cover body  80  is rotated reversely, as the upper end of the flange  82  and the lower end face of the buckle  76  have a horizontal plane, a horizontal force cannot be produced therebetween. Therefore, the protecting element  70  cannot be opened, thus achieving the purpose of locking the cover body  80 . 
     The cover body  80 , the protecting element  70 , the covering end  31  and the collector are independently packaged to form a collecting assembly  489 ; the chamber  20  and the carrier provided with test stripes are also independently packaged to form a detecting assembly  490 . During detection, the collecting assembly  489  is taken out of the package first to absorb a liquid sample by the absorbing element of the collector, and then, the collector is inserted into the chamber of the detecting assembly. At this time, the absorbing element on the collector is inserted into the extruding platform  26  of the collecting chamber. Since the opening of the collecting chamber is closed by the cover and end  34 , the absorbing element on the collector is extruded in the covering process, thus releasing the liquid sample to form a structure shown in  FIG. 1 . In case of releasing the treating fluid or buffer solution, the protecting element  70  is taken down, and the cover body  80  is continuously rotated to drive the storage chamber  90  to move down; then the sealing membrane on the storage is pierced by the piercing element disposed in the connecting head  37 , thus releasing the treating fluid; the treating fluid flows into the chamber  20  to be mixed with the liquid sample; then the mixed liquor flows into the test stripe for detection. 
     The various examples below are also a portion of the present invention. 
     1. A detecting apparatus, comprising a storage chamber containing a treating fluid, wherein, the detecting apparatus is internally provided with a sharp-pointed portion; the storage chamber may make an movement relative to the sharp-pointed portion; the storage chamber will be pierced by the sharp-pointed portion during the moving process, such that the treating fluid in the storage chamber is released. 
     2. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, further comprising a collecting chamber, wherein the released treating fluid may flow into the collecting chamber. 
     3. The detecting apparatus according to clause 2, wherein, the collecting chamber is used for holding a sample and is disposed in a first shell; and an opening is disposed at an upper position of the first shell. 
     4. The detecting apparatus according to clause 2, wherein, the collecting chamber is provided with a testing element for detecting an analyte. 
     5. The detecting apparatus according to clause 3, wherein, the testing element is disposed on a carrier, and the carrier has a specific matching form with the collecting chamber; the carrier may be inserted into the collecting chamber from the opening at the upper position of the first shell; and the carrier has a definite and unique directional position after being inserted into the collecting chamber. 
     6. The detecting apparatus according to clause 5, wherein, the collecting chamber is internally provided with clamping strips; and one carrier is fixed by two clamping strips; the carrier is attached to an inner wall of one side of the collecting chamber on a side where the testing element is provided. 
     7. The detecting apparatus according to clause 6, wherein, each clamping strip has a smaller thickness in the upper end and has a greater thickness in the lower end; correspondingly, the carrier has a smaller thickness in the bottom position and has a greater thickness in the top position. 
     8. The detecting apparatus according to clause 5, wherein, a corner position of the collecting chamber is provided with filleted corners; correspondingly, filleted corners are also disposed on the carrier at both sides of the face provided with the testing element. 
     9. The detecting apparatus according to clause 3, further comprising a sample collector for collecting a sample; wherein the sample collecting chamber comprises a covering end, and the covering end may be used to cover an opening of the collecting chamber. 
     10. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the sample collector further comprises a sampling end and a rod body; the sampling end is connected with the absorbing element; the rod body is used for connecting the covering end with the sampling end, and the rod body is detachably or integrally connected with the covering end. 
     11. The detecting apparatus according to clause 9, wherein, a hole is disposed on the sample collector and/or collecting chamber, such that the collecting chamber is in air communication with the outside. 
     12. The detecting apparatus according to clause 11, wherein, a hollow tube extending towards the collecting chamber is disposed at the hole position of the covering end. 
     13. The detecting apparatus according to clause 11, wherein, the hole has a diameter less than 1 mm. 
     14. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein the treating fluid in the storage chamber is a buffer solution. 
     15. The detecting apparatus according to clause 9, wherein, a connecting head is disposed on one side of the covering end of the sample collector opposite to the rod body; the connecting head is hollow, and the storage chamber may access to the hollow position thereof. 
     16. The detecting apparatus according to clause 15, wherein, the sharp-pointed portion shows a protruding shape, and is disposed at the hollow position of the connecting head. 
     17. The detecting apparatus according to clause 16, wherein, the storage chamber is disposed in a second shell; the second shell is provided with a layer of sealing membrane, used for sealing the treating fluid in the storage chamber; and the storage chamber enters into the hollow position of the connecting head, and the sharp-pointed portion may pierce the sealing membrane on the second shell, thus releasing the treating fluid in the storage chamber. 
     18. The detecting apparatus according to clause 16, wherein, the sharp-pointed portion is provided with a through hole. 
     19. The detecting apparatus according to clause 17, wherein, the second shell is provided with a second sealing ring, and the second sealing ring may fill a gap between the second shell and the connecting head. 
     20. The detecting apparatus according to clause 17, wherein, the detecting apparatus further includes a cover body; the cover body is connected with the second shell; such a connection relation is detachable or non-detachable. 
     21. The detecting apparatus according to clause 20, wherein, the cover body may be mutually covered with the connecting head. 
     22. The detecting apparatus according to claim  21 , wherein, paired threads are disposed on the cover body and the connecting head. 
     23. The detecting apparatus according to clause 20, wherein, a rotating portion is disposed on an upper end of the cover body and the second shell; the rotating portion is provided with a first bulge; and the cover body is provided with a connecting hole; the rotating portion may be inserted into the connecting hole and buckled on the connecting hole via the first bulge, such that the second shell may rotate on the connecting hole. 
     24. The detecting apparatus according to clause 20, wherein, the detecting apparatus further comprises a protecting element used for limiting excessive closure of the cover body. 
     25. The detecting apparatus according to clause 24, wherein, the protecting element comprises a supporting section, the supporting section is sleeved on the connecting head; a lower end of the supporting section may be abutted against an upper surface of the covering end, and an upper end of the supporting section may be abutted against the cover body. 
     26. The detecting apparatus according to clause 25, wherein, the supporting section is hollow and cylindrical, and is sleeved on the connecting head. 
     27. The detecting apparatus according to clause 25, wherein, a first notch is disposed on the supporting section of the protecting element. 
     28. The detecting apparatus according to clause 24, wherein, the protecting element is elastic. 
     29. The detecting apparatus according to clause 27, wherein, the protecting element further comprises a holding portion provided with stripes; the holding portion is connected with the supporting section; and the connection position between the holding portion and the supporting section is just directly situated facing the first notch. 
     30. The detecting apparatus according to clause 25, wherein, a second bulge bulging inwards is disposed in the protecting element at the bottom position of the supporting section, and the second bulge is in an annular shape; correspondingly, an annular structure is also disposed in the connecting head close to the bottom portion; the second bulge may be clamped into a gap between the annular structure and the upper surface of the covering end. 
     31. The detecting apparatus according to clause 30, wherein, the annular structure is provided with a second notch; correspondingly, a third bulge directly situated facing the first notch is disposed inside the supporting section of the protecting element; and the third bulge may be embedded into the second notch. 
     32. The detecting apparatus according to clause 31, wherein, the covering end is in a rectangular shape; and the second notch is located at one side close to the long edge of the covering end. 
     33. The detecting apparatus according to clause 26, wherein, a blocking wall is disposed on the supporting section of the protecting element and is arc-shaped. 
     34. The detecting apparatus according to clause 33, wherein, an inner diameter of the protecting element in the position of the blocking wall is greater than an inner diameter of the protecting element in the position of the supporting section. 
     35. The detecting apparatus according to clause 33, wherein, a buckle is disposed inside the blocking wall; a circle of flange is disposed at a bottom position of the cover body; and the flange of the cover body may access to the blocking wall and be buckled below the buckle. 
     36. The detecting apparatus according to clause 35, wherein, the upper end of the flange is horizontal and the lower end of the buckle is also horizontal; the upper end of the buckle is slope-shaped, and a chamfer is disposed at a lower position of the flange of the cover body. 
     1. A detecting apparatus, comprising a collecting chamber having an opening, a covering end used for sealing the opening of the collecting chamber, and a collector used for collecting a liquid sample, wherein, the apparatus further comprises a hole keeping air circulation between the inner part of the collecting chamber and the outside; accordingly, when there is an air pressure difference between the inner part of the collecting chamber and the outside, the hole is configured for maintaining a balanced air pressure between the inner part of the collecting chamber and the outside. 
     2. The detecting apparatus according to claim  1 , wherein, when the collecting chamber is sealed by the covering end, air pressure in the collecting chamber is higher than the air pressure of the outside. 
     3. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, when the collector is inserted into the collecting chamber, air pressure in the collecting chamber is higher than the air pressure of the outside. 
     4. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the collecting chamber further comprises a flowing pipe; one end of the flowing pipe is in gas communication with the collecting chamber, and another end is connected with the hole. 
     5. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the apparatus includes a channel extending to the inner part of the collecting chamber from the hole. 
     6. The detecting apparatus according to clause 3, wherein, the collecting chamber further comprises a pipe chamber used for the insertion of the collector; when the collector is inserted, there is a sealing state between the collecting chamber and inner wall of the pipe chamber; the pipe chamber is in gas communication with the collecting chamber. 
     7. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the diameter of the hole is configured in such a way that gas is allowed to pass through, while liquid is not allowed to pass through due to surface tension. 
     8. The detecting apparatus according to clause 5, wherein, the channel is configured in such a way that gas is allowed to pass through, while liquid is not allowed to pass through due to surface tension. 
     9. The detecting apparatus according to clause 7, wherein, the hole has a diameter of 0.1-1 mm. 
     10. The apparatus according to claim  8 , wherein the channel has a diameter of 0.1-1 mm. 
     11. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the apparatus further includes a sealing element for air sealing the hole. 
     12. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the sealing element is a bolt; and the bolt may be inserted into the hole to achieve the hole sealing. 
     13. The detecting apparatus according to clause 5, wherein, the channel has an extending length of 5-10 mm. 
     14. The detecting apparatus according to clause 1, wherein, the collecting chamber is internally provided with a testing element; and the testing element may detect an analyte in a liquid sample by an immune method. 
     15. A method for detecting an analyte in a liquid sample, the method comprising: 
     providing a detecting apparatus, wherein, the detecting apparatus comprises a collecting chamber having an opening; the collecting chamber comprises a testing element, and the testing element comprises an immunoreagent, wherein, the immunoreagent may detect an analyte in a liquid sample, a covering end for covering an opening of the collecting chamber; and the covering end comprises a hole keeping gas communication between the collecting chamber and the outside; when the opening of the collecting chamber is covered by the covering end, there is an air pressure difference between the collecting chamber and the outside; and the pressure difference maintains a balanced air pressure or achieves a substantially same air pressure with the outside through the hole. 
     16. The method according to clause 15, wherein, the covering end is connected with a collector having an absorbing element; the absorbing element is configured to collect the liquid sample; when the covering end is covered onto the collecting chamber, the collector is inserted into the collecting chamber to compress the absorbing element, thus releasing the liquid sample. 
     17. The method according to clause 15, wherein, the detecting apparatus further comprises a pipe body connected with the covering end; the pipe body is used to receive the collector, such that the collector is inserted into the pipe body to achieve sealing, thus compressing the air in the pipe body. 
     18. The method according to clause 17, wherein, the pipe body keeps gas communication with the collecting chamber; when air in the pipe body is compressed, the air in the collecting chamber is also compressed accordingly, thus accelerating the increase of air pressure in the collecting chamber. 
     19. The method according to clause 17, wherein, the detecting apparatus comprises a cover body, and the cover body comprises a sealing element; the sealing element is used for sealing the hole. 
     20. The method according to clause 1, wherein, the collecting chamber further comprises a flowing pipe; one end of the flowing pipe is in gas communication with the collecting chamber, and another end of the flowing pipe is connected with the hole. 
     What is described above are detailed embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any change or replacement envisaged without inventive efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subjected to the protection scope defined in the claims. 
     The present invention as shown and set forth in this text may be achieved in case of lacking any element and limitation disclosed herein specifically. Terms and expression methods used herein are used for description, but not for limitation. Further, it is undesired that any equivalent of the features or a portion thereof as shown or set forth herein is excluded in the use of these terms and expression methods; moreover, a person skilled in the art should realize that various modifications are feasible within the scope of the present invention. It should therefore be understood that, although the present invention has been specifically disclosed through various embodiments and optional characteristics, modifications and variations of concepts described herein may be employed by ordinary technicians skilled in the art, and these modifications and variations are considered to fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the attached claims. 
     The content of articles, patents, patent applications and all other documents and electronically available information described or documented herein is incorporated in the full text to some extent for reference, as if each individual publication is specifically and individually pointed out for reference. The Applicant reserves the right to incorporate any and all materials and information from this article, patent, patent application or other documents into the present application.