Patent Publication Number: US-2020300880-A1

Title: Waste liquid chamber, waste liquid treatment apparatus, and sample analyzer

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a bypass continuation of Patent Cooperation Treaty Application No. PCT/CN2017/120371, filed on Dec. 30, 2017, the content thereof is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present application relates to the technical field of sample testing and analysis, and in particular to a waste liquid chamber, a waste liquid treatment apparatus, and a sample analyzer. 
     BACKGROUND 
     During a whole testing and analysis process of a sample analyzer, for example, a blood cell analyzer, a certain amount of waste liquid is generated in each testing channel, cleaning channel, etc. At present, the generated waste liquid is usually collected in a waste liquid temporary storage apparatus, such as a waste liquid chamber, through a waste liquid pipe and is then discharged outside the sample analyzer. 
       FIG. 1  shows the structure of a waste liquid chamber commonly used at present, and the waste liquid chamber  10  comprises a plurality of liquid inlets  11  and a vent  12 . However, the structure has the following disadvantages: since the liquid inlets  11  are not isolated from the vent  12 , when a waste liquid in a waste liquid pipe is being collected by the waste liquid chamber  10 , part of the waste liquid (containing blood) splashes into a gas path through the vent  12 . In addition, some kinds of reagents, such as a hemolytic agent, containing much surfactant easily generate a large amount of foam in the waste liquid chamber. For example, during a replacement of such reagent, a large amount of the hemolytic agent is discharged into the waste liquid chamber in a short time, and a large amount of foam generated is likely to fill the entire waste liquid chamber  10 , so that during a suction under negative pressure, the foam in the waste liquid chamber  10  easily enters the gas path through the vent  12 . The waste liquid or waste liquid foam that enters the gas path may cause damage to pneumatic components (for example, a negative pressure pump, a negative pressure valve, and a pneumatic pressure-regulating valve) in a pressure supply system. In addition, after long-term use, the waste liquid that enters the gas path will form scale, and the foam will crystallize, thus having a risk of blocking the gas path. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present application provides a waste liquid chamber, a waste liquid treatment apparatus and a sample analyzer, which can reduce or prevent a waste liquid and/or a foam therefrom from running into a gas guide pipe, so as to solve the reliability problem of waste liquid treatment caused by the increase of testing speed of the sample analyzer. 
     A waste liquid chamber used for waste liquid treatment is provided according to a first aspect of the present application. The waste liquid chamber comprises: 
     a body, with a receiving cavity being provided inside the body for storing a waste liquid, and with a liquid outlet being provided at a bottom of the body for discharging the waste liquid; 
     a cover used for closing an opening of the body, wherein at least one liquid inlet is provided in the cover, and a vent is further provided in a side wall of the body or in the cover; 
     a first plate and a second plate, which are respectively disposed at different positions in the receiving cavity and located between the vent and the liquid outlet, and the first plate is located above the second plate; and 
     at least one guide tube, wherein a nozzle at one end of each guide tube is in communication with one of the at least one liquid inlet to introduce the waste liquid into the guide tube, and a nozzle at the other end of the guide tube is disposed below the first plate, the guide tube is used for guiding the waste liquid into the receiving cavity, and the first plate is used for preventing the waste liquid and/or a foam therefrom in the receiving cavity from entering the vent. 
     A waste liquid chamber used for waste liquid treatment is provided according to a second aspect of the present application. The waste liquid chamber comprises a body and a receiving cavity provided inside the body, and the receiving cavity is used for storing a waste liquid. The waste liquid chamber further comprises: 
     at least one liquid inlet and a vent provided at an upper portion of the body; 
     a liquid outlet provided at a lower portion of the body; 
     a first plate received in the receiving cavity and located between the vent and the liquid outlet and located closer to the vent than to the liquid outlet; and 
     at least one guide tube, wherein a nozzle at one end of each guide tube is in communication with one of the at least one liquid inlet to introduce a waste liquid into the guide tube, and a nozzle at the other end of the guide tube is disposed below the first plate, the guide tube is used for guiding the waste liquid into the receiving cavity, and the first plate is used for preventing the waste liquid and/or a foam therefrom in the receiving cavity from running into the vent. 
     A waste liquid treatment apparatus is provided according to a third aspect of the present application, which comprises a waste liquid pipe and a waste liquid chamber provided according the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, wherein a liquid inlet of the waste liquid chamber is connected to the waste liquid pipe, and the waste liquid chamber is used for treating a waste liquid in the waste liquid pipe connected to the waste liquid chamber. 
     A sample analyzer is provided according to a fourth aspect of the present application, which comprises a waste liquid source, a waste liquid pipe, and a waste liquid chamber provided according the first aspect or the second aspect of the present application, wherein a liquid inlet of the waste liquid chamber is in communication with a discharge port of the waste liquid source through the waste liquid pipe, and the waste liquid chamber is used for treating a waste liquid generated by the waste liquid source in communication with the waste liquid chamber. 
     In the waste liquid chamber of the present application, at least one plate is provided in the receiving cavity and located between the vent and the liquid outlet, and the guide tube is used to guide the liquid flowing from a liquid inlet to a position below a first plate, so as to isolate the gas port and the liquid port from each other inside the waste liquid chamber, thus reducing or avoiding the possibility of a foam and/or a waste liquid entering a gas guide pipe and protecting pneumatic components in a pressure supply device from being damaged, thereby effectively solving the reliability problem of waste liquid treatment caused by the increase of testing speed of the sample analyzer. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In order to illustrate technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present application or according to the prior art more clearly, a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be provided below. 
       Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art would also be able to obtain other drawings from these drawings without expending any inventive effort. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid chamber in the prior art. 
         FIG. 2  is a principle block diagram of a waste liquid treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of a preset air pressure timing corresponding to two waste liquid chambers of the waste liquid treatment apparatus in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of a preset air pressure timing corresponding to three waste liquid chambers of the waste liquid treatment apparatus in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a waste liquid chamber according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 8  is a principle block diagram of a sample analyzer according to an embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic flowchart of a waste liquid treatment method according to a first embodiment of the present application. 
         FIG. 10  is a schematic flowchart of a waste liquid treatment method according to a second embodiment of the present application. 
       
         
           
             
                 
               
                 
                     
                 
                 
                   List of Reference Numerals 
                 
                 
                     
                 
               
              
                 
                     
                 
              
             
             
                 
                 
                 
              
                 
                     
                   Waste liquid chamber 
                   10 
                 
                 
                     
                   Liquid inlet 
                   11 
                 
                 
                     
                   Vent 
                   12 
                 
                 
                     
                   Waste liquid treatment apparatus 
                   200, 201 
                 
                 
                     
                   Waste liquid chamber 
                   21, 21-1, 21-2 
                 
                 
                     
                   Body 
                   211 
                 
                 
                     
                   Liquid outlet 
                   2111 
                 
                 
                     
                   Cover 
                   212 
                 
                 
                     
                   Liquid inlet 
                   2121 
                 
                 
                     
                   Vent 
                   2122 
                 
                 
                     
                   Guide tube 
                   213 
                 
                 
                     
                   Plate 
                   214 
                 
                 
                     
                   First plate 
                   2141 
                 
                 
                     
                   Second plate 
                   2142 
                 
                 
                     
                   Liquid level sensor 
                   215 
                 
                 
                     
                   Connecting rod 
                   216 
                 
                 
                     
                   Receiving cavity 
                   217 
                 
                 
                     
                   Control device 
                   22 
                 
                 
                     
                   Controller 
                   221 
                 
                 
                     
                   Control valve 
                   222, 222-1, 222-2 
                 
                 
                     
                   Waste discharge pipe 
                   23 
                 
                 
                     
                   Connecting member 
                   24, 25 
                 
                 
                     
                   Pressure supply device 
                   30 
                 
                 
                     
                   Sample analyzer 
                   400 
                 
                 
                     
                   Sample conveying system 
                   41 
                 
                 
                     
                   Reagent compartment 
                   42 
                 
                 
                     
                   Sample injection system 
                   43 
                 
                 
                     
                   Cleaning system 
                   44 
                 
                 
                     
                   Reaction system 
                   45 
                 
                 
                     
                     
                 
              
             
           
         
       
     
    
    
     The following detailed description of embodiments will further explain the present application with reference to the above drawings. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below clearly and comprehensively in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the embodiments described are merely some embodiments of the present application and are not all the possible embodiments. Based on the embodiments given in the present application, all other embodiments that would be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without expending inventive effort shall all fall within the scope of protection of the present application. 
       FIG. 2  is a principle block diagram of a waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  according to an embodiment of the present application. The waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  is used for treating waste liquids in a plurality of waste liquid pipes (not shown). It should be noted that “treating” of a waste liquid discussed in the present application comprises collecting and discharging a waste liquid. In this embodiment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  comprises at least two waste liquid chambers  21 , a control device  22 , and a pressure supply device  30 . Each waste liquid chamber  21  is in communication with at least one of the plurality of waste liquid pipes. 
     In another embodiment, the plurality of waste liquid pipes may be grouped in advance into at least two groups of waste liquid pipes. Each waste liquid chamber  21  is in communication with one group of waste liquid pipes. Each group of waste liquid pipes comprises one or more waste liquid pipes. 
     In this embodiment, the pressure supply device  30  is connected to the at least two waste liquid chambers  21  and is used for supplying air pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 . Each waste liquid chamber  21  is used for collecting a waste liquid in the waste liquid pipe connected to the waste liquid chamber when the inside of the waste liquid chamber is in a negative pressure state and discharging the collected waste liquid when the inside of the waste liquid chamber is in a positive pressure state. In this embodiment, a normal state of the inside of each waste liquid chamber  21  is a negative pressure state for collecting and storing a waste liquid. 
     The control device  22  is configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21  according to a preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber  21 , so that the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber  21  is in a negative pressure state at any moment during waste liquid treatment, to collect a waste liquid. Generally, the process of waste liquid collection is relatively slow, whereas the process of waste liquid discharge is relatively fast. Therefore, if it is ensured that waste liquids can be continuously collected during waste liquid treatment, the speed of waste liquid treatment can be greatly increased. In addition, if it is ensured that at least one waste liquid chamber  21  keeps collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge may be performed in parallel, so that a waiting time during serial performing of collection and discharge is avoided. 
     It may be understood that the preset air pressure timing may be written in a control program in advance or may be a manually set air pressure timing. 
     In addition, the control device  22  may further be configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to alternately supply negative pressure and positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 , so that the inside of the waste liquid chamber  21  is alternately in a negative pressure state and a positive pressure state to alternately collect and discharge a waste liquid, and the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  is capable of simultaneously collecting a waste liquid and discharging a waste liquid during waste liquid treatment. For example, the control device  22  may control the pressure supply device  30  to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 , so that at any moment during waste liquid treatment, the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber  21  is in a negative pressure state to collect a waste liquid and the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber  21  is in a positive pressure state to discharge a waste liquid. In this way, waste liquids can be simultaneously collected and discharged at any moment. Alternatively, the control device  22  may control the pressure supply device  30  to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 , so that the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber  21  is in a positive pressure state at any moment during waste liquid treatment, to discharge a waste liquid. In this way, the waste liquid treatment apparatus can simultaneously collect and discharge waste liquids at a moment, thereby improving the efficiency of waste liquid treatment. 
     Specifically, in an embodiment, the preset air pressure timing comprises a negative pressure period and a positive pressure period. The control device  22  is configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to supply negative pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21  during the negative pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber  21 , and controlling the pressure supply device  30  to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  during the positive pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     It may be understood that in an embodiment, the negative pressure periods corresponding to the at least two waste liquid chambers  21  may not overlap each another, so that only one waste liquid chamber is collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 3 , two waste liquid chambers A and B are taken as an example. Negative pressure periods corresponding to the two waste liquid chambers A and B do not overlap each another, so that only one waste liquid chamber A or B is collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment. It may be understood that in another embodiment, positive pressure periods corresponding to the two waste liquid chambers A and B may not overlap each another, so that only one waste liquid chamber A or B is discharging a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, and waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge may take place simultaneously during waste liquid treatment. 
     Optionally, in another embodiment, the negative pressure periods corresponding to the at least two waste liquid chambers  21  may partially overlap each another, so that one or more waste liquid chambers  21  are collecting waste liquids at any moment during waste liquid treatment. 
     For example, as shown in  FIG. 4 , three waste liquid chambers A, B, and C are taken as an example. Negative pressure periods corresponding to the three waste liquid chambers A, B, and C partially overlap each another. At least one waste liquid chamber  21  is collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment. For example, only the waste liquid chamber A is collecting a waste liquid at a moment t 2 . The waste liquid chambers A, B, and C are simultaneously collecting waste liquids at a moment t 3 . The waste liquid chambers B and C are collecting waste liquids at a moment t 4 . It may be understood that in another embodiment, positive pressure periods corresponding to three waste liquid chambers A, B, and C may partially overlap each other, so that at least one waste liquid chamber is discharging a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment. It may be understood that if it is ensured that at least one waste liquid chamber  21  is collecting and/or at least one waste liquid chamber is discharging a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  may parallelly perform waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge during waste liquid treatment. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2  again, in an embodiment, the pressure supply device  30  comprises a negative pressure source and a positive pressure source. The negative pressure source is used for supplying negative pressure, and the positive pressure source is used for supplying positive pressure. In another embodiment, the pressure supply device  30  may be adjusted to generate negative pressure and positive pressure. 
     During waste liquid collection, the pressure supply device  30  may supply negative pressure to a waste liquid chamber  21  through an air pressure pipe. For example, the pressure supply device  30  generates negative pressure in the waste liquid chamber  21  by sucking air through the air pressure pipe. With the suction under negative pressure, a waste liquid generated by a waste liquid source connected to waste liquid chamber  21  via a waste liquid pipe is sucked into the waste liquid pipe from a discharge port of the waste liquid source, and is then sucked into the waste liquid chamber  21  from the waste liquid pipe. 
     In an embodiment, the control device  22  comprises a controller  221  and at least two control valves  222 . Each control valve  222  is connected between the pressure supply device  30  and one waste liquid chamber  21 . The controller  221  is connected to each control valve  222 . The controller  221  is configured for controlling an on-state of each control valve  222 , so as to control the pressure supply device  30  to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 , thus controlling a pressure status inside the waste liquid chamber  21 . The controller  221  may be a microcontroller, a programmable logic controller (PLC) or any other controller. 
     In an embodiment, each control valve  222  at least comprises a negative pressure channel and a positive pressure channel. The controller  221  is configured for alternately opening the negative pressure channel and the positive pressure channel of each control valve  222 , so as to control the pressure supply device  30  to alternately supply negative pressure and positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     Specifically,  FIG. 5  is a schematic structural diagram of a waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  according to a first embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, for the purpose of description, for example, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  comprises two waste liquid chambers  21 - 1  and  21 - 2  (namely a first liquid chamber  21 - 1  and a second liquid chamber  21 - 2 ), two control valves  222 - 1  and  222 - 2 , and eight waste liquid pipes  1  to  8 , and negative pressure periods of the two waste liquid chambers  21 - 1  and  21 - 2  do not overlap each other. The waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  is connected to the waste liquid pipes  1  to  4  respectively. The waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  is connected to the waste liquid pipes  5  to  8  respectively. The bottom of each of the waste liquid chambers  21 - 1  and  21 - 2  is provided with a liquid outlet  2111 . 
     In a specific embodiment, during waste liquid treatment, when the negative pressure channel of the control valve  222 - 1  is opened, the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  is in communication with a negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30  and is disconnected from a positive pressure air opening of the pressure supply device. The inside of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  is in a negative pressure state, and the negative pressure state enables the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  to collect waste liquids in the waste liquid pipes  1  to  4 . Meanwhile, the positive pressure channel of the control valve  222 - 2  is opened. The waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  is disconnected from the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30  and is in communication with the positive pressure air opening of the pressure supply device. The inside of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  is in a positive pressure state, and the positive pressure state enables a waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  to be discharged through the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  into the outside. 
     Similarly, when the positive pressure channel of the control valve  222 - 1  is opened, the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  is disconnected from the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30  and is in communication with the positive pressure air opening of the pressure supply device. The inside of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  is switched to a positive pressure state, and the positive pressure state enables a waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  to be discharged through the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1  into the outside. Meanwhile, the on-state of the control valve  222 - 2  is switched to the negative pressure channel. The waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  is in communication with the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30  and is disconnected from the positive pressure air opening of the pressure supply device. The inside of the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  is in a negative pressure state, and the negative pressure state enables the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2  to collect waste liquids in the waste liquid pipes  5  to  8 . 
     It may be understood that in other embodiments, the quantity of the waste liquid chambers  21  is not limited to two, the quantity of the control valves  222  is not limited to two, and the quantity of the waste liquid pipes is not limited to eight. 
     In the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  of the present application, the pressure supply device  30  is controlled to alternately supply negative pressure and positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21 , so that waste liquids can be rapidly collected and discharged. 
     It may be understood that in other embodiments, with the speed of waste liquid discharge excluded from consideration, alternatively, the pressure supply device  30  may supply only negative pressure to the waste liquid chambers  21  to control the waste liquid chambers  21  to collect waste liquids. When the negative pressure in a waste liquid chamber  21  is released, the waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21  may be discharged through the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21  by gravity. 
     In the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  of the present application, at least two waste liquid chambers  21  are used, and preset air pressure timings are appropriately set for the at least two waste liquid chambers. The waste liquid chambers  21  are then controlled to be alternately in a negative pressure state and a positive pressure state according to the preset timings. In this way, the waste liquid chambers can parallelly collect and discharge waste liquids in a plurality of waste liquid pipes. In addition, it is ensured that at least one waste liquid chamber keeps collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, so that a waste liquid treatment cycle can be effectively shortened, thereby increasing the testing speed for a testing device (for example, a sample analyzer) using the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200 . In addition, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  of the present application has a simple structure and low production costs, thereby facilitating wide use of the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  in various testing devices. 
     In an embodiment, one end of each of the plurality of waste liquid pipes is in communication with a discharge port of one of a plurality of waste liquid sources, the other end of said waste liquid pipe is in communication with a respective waste liquid chamber  21  according to a waste discharge timing of said waste liquid source connected to said waste liquid pipe, so that the negative pressure period corresponding to said waste liquid chamber  21  corresponds to a waste discharge timing of said waste liquid source connected to said waste liquid chamber via said waste liquid pipe, that is, the inside of the respective waste liquid chamber  21  is in a negative pressure state during the waste discharge time of said waste liquid source. For example, each waste liquid source has a respective waste discharge period. The waste discharge periods of the waste liquid sources may have different lengths and may be the same or different. The negative pressure periods of each waste liquid chamber  21  may be set according to the waste discharge period of each waste liquid source. Waste liquid pipes in communication with the waste liquid sources may be appropriately allocated to respective waste liquid chambers according to the waste discharge periods of the waste liquid sources, so that negative pressure periods of the waste liquid chambers correspond to waste discharge periods of respective waste liquid sources. Therefore, the waste liquid chambers can be controlled as much as possible to collect waste liquids during waste discharge of the waste liquid sources and discharge collected waste liquids when the waste discharge of the waste liquid sources is paused or stopped. 
     In an embodiment, the other end of each waste liquid pipe is connected to only one respective waste liquid chamber  21  according to a waste discharge timing of a waste liquid source connected to the waste liquid pipe. For example, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the other ends of the waste liquid pipes  1  to  4  are connected to the waste liquid chamber  21 - 1 , and the other ends of the waste liquid pipes  5  to  8  are connected to the waste liquid chamber  21 - 2 . In other words, for the waste liquid source in communication with only one waste liquid chamber via a waste liquid pipe, the control device is configured for controlling the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the only one waste liquid chamber during a waste discharge period of the waste liquid source, so as to collect a waste liquid produced by the waste liquid source. 
     In another embodiment, the other end of at least one of the plurality of waste liquid pipes is connected to more than one waste liquid chamber  21  according to a waste discharge timing of a waste liquid source connected to the at least one waste liquid pipe, and a sum of negative pressure periods corresponding to the more than one waste liquid chamber  21  corresponds to the waste discharge timing of the waste liquid source connected to the more than one waste liquid chamber via the same waste liquid pipe, that is, the inside of at least one of the more than one waste liquid chamber  21  is in a negative pressure state during the waste discharge time of the waste liquid source. For example, as shown in  FIG. 6 , in a waste liquid treatment apparatus  201 , if a waste discharge period of a waste liquid source connected to a waste liquid pipe  5  is relatively long, the other end of the waste liquid pipe  5  may be connected to both the waste liquid chambers  21 - 1  and  21 - 2  by a connecting member  25  (for example, a three-way connector). A sum of negative pressure periods corresponding to the waste liquid chambers  21 - 1  and  21 - 2  corresponds to a waste discharge timing of the waste liquid source corresponding to the waste liquid pipe  5 , thereby facilitating collection and discharge of a waste liquid in the waste liquid pipe  5  and shortening a waste liquid treatment cycle. In other words, for the waste liquid source in communication with more than one waste liquid chamber via a waste liquid pipe, the control device is configured for controlling the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to at least one of the more than one waste liquid chambers during a waste discharge period of the waste liquid source, so as to collect a waste liquid produced by the waste liquid source. 
     In the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  ( 201 ) of the present application, at least two waste liquid chambers  21  are disposed, and preset air pressure timings are arranged in combination, so that a waste liquid generated during a test can be discharged in time, thereby increasing the testing speed of the testing device. 
     A large variety and quantity of organic, inorganic, and biochemical reagents and solvents are used during tests by the testing device. As a result, waste liquids containing increasingly complex and varied components are generated and discharged. Various waste liquids, that enter a same waste liquid chamber and mix with each other, may react chemically with each other, and thus generate dirt, and the dirt accumulates in the waste liquid chamber after a long time of use, thus making maintenance more difficult. 
     In an embodiment, the other end of each waste liquid pipe may be connected to a respective waste liquid chamber  21  according to chemical properties of a waste liquid discharged by a waste liquid source connected to the waste liquid pipe, to separately discharge waste liquids capable of reacting chemically with each other and thus producing dirt into different waste liquid chambers  21 . 
     In another embodiment, the plurality of waste liquid pipes may be grouped in advance into at least two groups of waste liquid pipes. Waste liquids discharged from waste liquid sources connected to each group of waste liquid pipes do not react chemically with each other and generate dirt after mixing with each other. Each waste liquid chamber  21  is in communication with one group of waste liquid pipes. 
     In this way, waste liquids with different chemical properties are separately collected, so that accidents that may occur after waste liquids with different chemical properties are mixed can be avoided, and pollution in the waste liquid chambers  21  caused by dirt generated after waste liquids are mixed can be reduced, thereby reducing maintenance difficulties and maintenance costs of the waste liquid chambers  21 . 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  ( 201 ) further comprises a liquid level sensor  215  (as shown in  FIG. 7 ) disposed inside each waste liquid chamber  21 . The controller  221  is further connected to each liquid level sensor  215 . Each liquid level sensor  215  is used for sensing a liquid level height inside the waste liquid chamber  21  in which the liquid level sensor is located. 
     In an embodiment, the liquid level sensor  215  is a float sensor. The float sensor detects a liquid level by using the position of a float. When the liquid level rises to the position of the float, as the specific gravity of the float is less than that of the liquid to be detected, the float is supported and lifted by the liquid. When the liquid level falls below the position of the float, the float is suspended in the waste liquid chamber. It may be understood that the float sensor may generate different trigger signals corresponding to different states of the float, to report different liquid level heights. 
     In other embodiments, the liquid level sensor may be an electrode sensor. The electrode sensor detects a liquid level by determining whether two electrodes are connected. When the liquid level rises to the positions of the electrodes to enable both the electrodes to contact with the liquid, the electrodes are connected. When the liquid level falls below the positions of the electrodes, the electrodes are disconnected. It may be understood that the electrode sensor may generate different trigger signals corresponding to a connected state and a disconnected state of the electrodes, to report different liquid level heights. 
     To prevent the waste liquid inside the waste liquid chamber  21  from running into the vent  2122  due to the excessively large amount of the waste liquid (as shown in  FIG. 7 ) and thus causing other accidents, in an embodiment, the controller  221  is further configured for controlling a duration for the pressure supply device  30  to supply negative pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21  within the negative pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber  21  according to liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor  215  inside the waste liquid chamber  21 , so as to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     Specifically, for each waste liquid chamber  21 , the controller  221  is configured for controlling, when a liquid level height in the waste liquid chamber  21  sensed by the liquid level sensor  215  in the waste liquid chamber is greater than a first preset height, the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  within the negative pressure period of the waste liquid chamber  21 , such that the waste liquid chamber  21  temporarily stops collecting a waste liquid. The first preset height may be set as a safety height that prevents a waste liquid from running into the vent  2122 . In other embodiments, the first preset height may be set as a safety height that prevents a waste liquid from overflowing from the waste liquid chamber  21 . In other embodiments, the controller  221  may be further configured for controlling, when the liquid level height is greater than the first preset height, the pressure supply device  30  to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  within the negative pressure period of the waste liquid chamber  21 , such that the waste liquid chamber  21  discharges a waste liquid. 
     The controller  221  may be connected to the pressure supply device  30 . The controller  221  may be configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  by closing the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30 . Optionally, the controller  221  may be further configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  by closing the negative pressure channel of the respective control valve  222 . For example, the control valve  222  may further comprise a closed channel, and the controller  221  may be configured for switching the opened negative pressure channel of the respective control valve  222  to the closed channel, to disconnect the pressure supply device  30  from the waste liquid chamber  21 , so as to control the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     It may be understood that, to reduce the air consumption of the system, liquid discharge under positive pressure in the waste liquid chamber  21  may not always performed in each cycle, or the duration of liquid discharge under positive pressure may be shortened according to an actual case, so that by means of designing the waste liquid chamber  21  to be large enough, waste liquids are consecutively collected multiple times and accommodated in the waste liquid chamber  21  and then liquid discharge under positive pressure is performed. 
     In an embodiment, the controller  221  is further configured for controlling a duration for the pressure supply device  30  to supply positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber  21  within the positive pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber  21  according to liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor  215  inside the waste liquid chamber  21 , to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     Specifically, for each waste liquid chamber  21 , the controller  221  is configured for controlling, when a liquid level height in the waste liquid chamber  21  sensed by the liquid level sensor  215  in the waste liquid chamber  21  is less than a second preset height, the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  within the positive pressure period of the waste liquid chamber  21 , such that the waste liquid chamber  21  temporarily stops discharging a liquid. The second preset height may be set as a safety height higher than the liquid outlet  2111  to ensure that a particular amount of waste liquid is stored in the waste liquid chamber  21  and prevent the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21  from being in communication with the atmosphere to cause unnecessary air consumption of the system. It may be understood that the position of the liquid outlet  2111  may be set to be the lowermost position at the bottom of the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     In other embodiments, the controller  221  may be further configured for controlling, when the liquid level height is less than the second preset height, the pressure supply device  30  to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  within the positive pressure period of the waste liquid chamber  21 , to continue collecting a waste liquid. 
     The controller  221  may be connected to the pressure supply device  30 . The controller  221  may be configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  by closing the positive pressure air opening of the pressure supply device  30 . Optionally, the controller  221  may be further configured for controlling the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21  by closing the positive pressure channel of the respective control valve  222 . For example, the control valve  222  may further comprise a closed channel. The control valve  221  may be configured for switching the opened positive pressure channel of the respective control valve  222  to the closed channel, to disconnect the pressure supply device  30  from the waste liquid chamber  21 , so as to control the pressure supply device  30  to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     In other embodiments, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) may further comprise a control switch connected to the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21 . The controller  221  is configured for turning off the control switch when the inside of the waste liquid chamber  21  is in a negative pressure state, to prevent the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21  from communicating with atmosphere during waste liquid collection and thus from affecting the waste liquid collection. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) further comprises a waste discharge pipe  23  connected to the liquid outlet  2111  of the waste liquid chamber  21 . The waste discharge pipe  23  is used for discharging a waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21  connected to the waste discharge pipe into the outside. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) comprises one waste discharge pipe  23 . For example, as shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , the one waste discharge pipe  23  is connected to the liquid outlet  2111  of each waste liquid chamber  21  by a connecting member  24  (for example, a three-way connector). The one waste discharge pipe  23  is used for discharging the waste liquid in each waste liquid chamber. 
     In another embodiment, the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) comprises a plurality of waste discharge pipes  23 , and each waste discharge pipe  23  is connected to the liquid outlet  2111  of at least one waste liquid chamber  21 . Each waste discharge pipe  23  is used for discharging a waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber connected to the waste discharge pipe. The plurality of waste discharge pipes  23  are used to separately discharge waste liquids collected by the waste liquid chambers  21 , so as to avoid or reduce environmental pollution causing by dirt generated after the waste liquids in the waste liquid chambers  21  are mixed and react with each other. 
     The present application further provides a waste liquid chamber used for waste liquid treatment.  FIG. 7  is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a waste liquid chamber  21  according to an embodiment of the present application. The waste liquid chamber  21  comprises a body  211  and a receiving cavity  217  provided inside the body  211 . The receiving cavity  217  is used for storing a waste liquid. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises at least one liquid inlet  2121 , at least one vent  2122 , and at least one liquid outlet  2111 . The at least one liquid inlet  2121  and the at least one vent  2122  are disposed at an upper portion of the receiving cavity  217 . The at least one liquid outlet  2111  is disposed at a lower portion of the receiving cavity  217 . Each liquid inlet  2121  is connected to a waste liquid pipe, and a waste liquid may flow into the waste liquid chamber  21  through the waste liquid pipe and the corresponding liquid inlet  2121 . The at least one liquid outlet  2111  is used for discharging a waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     There may be only one vent  2122 . The positive pressure air opening and the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device may be connected to the only one vent  2122  by a same control valve. Switching between positive pressure and negative pressure in the waste liquid chamber can be realized by controlling the on-state of the control valve. Certainly, there may be two vents  2122 . The positive pressure air opening and the negative pressure air opening of the pressure supply device are respectively connected to the two vents  2122  by a control valve. Switching between the positive pressure and the negative pressure in the waste liquid chamber can be realized by respectively controlling the on-states of the two control valves. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 7 , the body  211  is a cavity with one end open and the other end closed, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises a cover  212 , and the cover  212  is used for closing the opening of the body  211 . The shape and size of the body  211  and the cover  212  may be specifically designed as required, and are not specifically limited herein. 
     In an embodiment, the at least one liquid inlet  2121  and the at least one vent  2122  are both provided on the cover  212 . The at least one liquid outlet  2111  is provided in a bottom wall of the body  211 . 
     In other embodiments, the at least one liquid inlet  2121  and the at least one vent  2122  may both be provided at an upper portion of a side wall of the body  211 . Alternatively, both the upper portion of the side wall of the body  211  and the cover  212  are provided with the liquid inlet  2121  and the vent  2122 . In other embodiments, the outlet  2111  may be provided in the side wall of the body  211 . Alternatively, the bottom wall of the body  211  and the side wall of the body  211  are both provided with the liquid outlet  2111 . 
     In another embodiment, the body  211  is a closed cavity. It may be understood that in the other embodiment, the cover  212  may be omitted. In the embodiment, the top wall of the body  211  and/or the upper portion of the side wall of the body  211  is provided with the at least one liquid inlet  2121  and the at least one vent  2122 . 
     It may be understood that when the vent  2122  is provided in the side wall of the body  211 , the vent  2122  should be provided as high as possible. For example, the vent  2122  should be as close to the top of the body  211  as possible. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises a first plate  2141  received in the receiving cavity  217 . The first plate  2141  is located between the vent  2122  and the liquid outlet  2111  and located close to the vent  2122 . It may be understood that the “close” herein refers to that, the first plate  2141  is located closer the vent  2122  than to the liquid outlet  2111  instead of attaching to the vent  2122 . 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises at least one guide tube  213  disposed inside the receiving cavity  217 . Each guide tube  213  has a nozzles at one end of said guide tube  213  being in communication with part of the at least one liquid inlets  2121  or all of the at least one liquid inlet  2121  to introduce a waste liquid in the waste liquid pipe into the guide tube, and a nozzle at the other end of said guide tube  213  being disposed below the first plate  2141 . The at least one guide tube  213  is used for guiding a waste liquid below the first plate  2141  in the receiving cavity  217 . The first plate  2141  is used for preventing the waste liquid and/or a foam therefrom in the receiving cavity  217  from entering the vent  2122 . 
     It may be understood that some of the liquid inlets  2121  may be used for connecting a liquid pipe with no waste liquid to flow through, for example, for connecting a liquid pipe for a hemolytic agent to flow through. To make it convenient for the hemolytic agent to enter the waste liquid chamber  21  to clean the receiving cavity  217  in the waste liquid chamber  21 , the hemolytic agent should flow into the receiving cavity  217  from a position as high as possible in the waste liquid chamber  21 . In an embodiment, the liquid inlet  2121  connected to the liquid pipe for the hemolytic agent to flow through may be provided in the side wall of the body  211  and located below the first plate  2141 . In this case, the liquid inlet does not need to be connected to one of the at least one guide tube  213  in the receiving cavity  217 . In this case, some liquid inlets  2121  are respectively connected to the nozzles at one ends of guide tubes  213 , and other liquid inlets  2121  are not connected to any guide tube. 
     In another embodiment, the liquid inlet  2121  connected to the liquid pipe for the hemolytic agent to flow through may be provided above the first plate  2141 , for example, provided in the cover  212  or in the top wall of the body  211 . A guide tube  213  is used for connecting the liquid inlet  2121  in the receiving cavity  217 , and the nozzle of the guide tube  213  is provided below the first plate  2141 . In this case, each liquid inlet  2121  is connected to the nozzle at one end of a guide tube  213 . 
     In the prior art, during waste liquid collection, under negative pressure, the waste liquid impacts the liquid surface at a high speed from the upper portion to the bottom of the receiving cavity  217 , and the waste liquid tends to splash. In addition, a hemolytic agent or the like that contains a lot of surfactant tends to generate a lot of foam in the receiving cavity  217 , and the foam accumulates above the liquid surface. When the waste liquid collected in the waste liquid chamber  21  gradually accumulates and the liquid lever rises, the splashed waste liquids and the foam may be sucked into the pressure supply device. Furthermore, since a waste liquid is collected in the waste liquid chamber  21  under negative pressure, during the suction under negative pressure, the foam generated in the receiving cavity  217  tends to be directly sucked into an air guide pipe through the vent  2122 . This may cause damage to pneumatic components (for example, a negative pressure pump, a negative pressure valve, and a pneumatic pressure-regulating valve) in the pressure supply device. In the waste liquid chamber  21  of the present application, the first plate  2141  is disposed in the receiving cavity  217  and close to the vent  2122 , and the guide tube  213  is used for guiding a liquid flowing from the liquid inlet  2121  below the first plate  2141 , to isolate air interfaces from liquid interfaces inside the waste liquid chamber  21 , so that the foam and/or the waste liquid is less likely to enter or is prevented from entering the air guide pipe, and the pneumatic components in the pressure supply device can be protected from damage, thereby solving the reliability problem of waste liquid treatment caused by the increase of testing speed of the testing device. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises a second plate  2142 . The second plate  2142  is received in the receiving cavity  217  and located between the first plate  2141  and the liquid outlet  2111 . That is, the first plate  2141  is located above the second plate  2142 . 
     In an embodiment, multiple guide tubes  213  are provided, with nozzles at the other ends of the multiple guide tubes  213  being disposed above and/or below the second plate  2142  according to properties of the waste liquids guided by the multiple guide tubes, so as to introduce different waste liquids into the receiving cavity  217  at different heights. In other words, according to properties of the waste liquids guided by the multiple guide tubes, the nozzles at the other ends of part of the multiple guide tubes are disposed above the second plate, and the nozzles at the other ends of part of the multiple guide tubes are disposed below the second plate, so as to introduce different waste liquids into the first waste liquid chamber at different heights. For example, the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing no blood is provided above the second plate  2142  to guide the waste liquid above the second plate  2142 ; and the nozzle at the other end of a guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing a high concentration of blood is provided below the second plate  2141  to guide the waste liquid below the second plate  2142 . It may be understood that at this time the guide tubes may have different lengths, to guide waste liquids in different waste liquid pipes to positions at different heights in the waste liquid chamber for discharge. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises at least one third plate. The at least one third plate is received in the receiving cavity  217  and located between the first plate  2141  and the second plate  2142 . The first, second, and third plates are disposed to separate, according to actual use, different liquids introduced into the receiving cavity  217  below different plates. 
     For example, the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a hemolytic agent is provided between the first plate  2141  and the third plate, so that the hemolytic agent is guided from a position as high as possible in the receiving cavity  217  into the receiving cavity  217  to clean the receiving cavity  217 , and a foam generated from the hemolytic agent can be prevented from entering the vent  2122  at the same time; the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing a low concentration of blood is provided between the third plate and the second plate  2142  to guide the waste liquid above the second plate  2142 ; and the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing a high concentration of blood is provided below the second plate  2142  to guide the waste liquid below the second plate  2142 . 
     In other embodiments, the nozzle at the other end of each guide tube  213  may be disposed below the second plate  2142 . In this way, the position of the nozzle at the other end of each guide tube may be disposed as low as possible, for example, as close to the liquid outlet  2111  at the bottom of the waste liquid chamber  21  as possible, so that a waste liquid can be introduced into the lower portion of the waste liquid chamber  21  to prevent the waste liquid from directly impacting the liquid surface, so that splashing of the waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber is minimized or avoided, and the generation of foam is also reduced. 
     In an embodiment, the other end of each guide tube  213  sequentially passes through one or more plates in the waste liquid chamber  21  from top to bottom such that the nozzle at the other end of the guide tubes is located below the plate through which the other end of the guide tube passes. The plates in the waste liquid chamber  21  are further used for holding the guide tube  213  passing through the plates to prevent the guide tube  213  from displacing in the receiving cavity  217  during waste liquid collection, so that waste liquid collection is not affected or other accidents are avoided. In other words, the other end of each guide tube  213  passes through the first plate  2141  of the waste liquid chamber  21  from top to bottom, such that the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube is located below the first plate  2141 , and the first plate  2141  of the first waste liquid chamber  21  is further used for holding the guide tube passing through the first plate  2141 ; or the other end of each guide tube sequentially passes through the first plate  2141  and the second plate  2142  of the waste liquid chamber  21  from top to bottom, such that the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube is located below the second plate  2142 , and the first plate  2141  and/or the second plate  2142  of the waste liquid chamber  21  is further used for holding the guide tube passing through the first plate  2141  and the second plate  2142 . 
     In other embodiments, the other end of each guide tube  213  may extend toward the bottom of the receiving cavity  217  along an inner wall of the receiving cavity  217  such that the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube is located above or below the second plate  2142 . 
     As discussed above, in the prior art, during waste liquid collection, a waste liquid impacts a liquid surface at a high speed from the upper portion to the bottom of the receiving cavity  217  under negative pressure. As a result, the waste liquid tends to splash, and the entire inner wall of the waste liquid chamber  21  would be in contact with the waste liquid. After long-term use, the entire inner wall of the waste liquid chamber  21  would be covered with dirt (for example, blood clots). Consequently, during the maintenance of the waste liquid chamber, the entire waste liquid chamber needs to be fully filled with a cleaning liquid. The maintenance is very difficult, and it is difficult to implement self-maintenance of the machine. Periodical manual maintenance is usually required, and the maintenance costs are thus increased. 
     In an embodiment, each plate in the waste liquid chamber  21  is used for preventing a waste liquid, that flows from the nozzle of the guide tube  213  located below the plate, from coming into contact with the inner wall of the receiving cavity  217  above the plate. For example, when the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a hemolytic agent is disposed between the first plate  2141  and the third plate, because the first plate  2141  is located between the vent  2122  and the liquid outlet  2111 , that is, the vent  2122  is located above the first plate  2141 , the first plate  2141  can prevent as many liquid drops of the hemolytic agent as possible from coming into contact with the inner wall of the body  211  above the first plate  2141 . In this way, foams or liquid drops generated from the hemolytic agent can be less likely to enter the vent  2122 . When the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing a low concentration of blood is provided between the third plate and the second plate  2142 , the third plate can prevent liquid drops of the waste liquid containing a low concentration of blood from coming into contact with the inner wall of the body  211  above the third plate, thereby reducing the pollution caused by the waste liquid to the body  211 . When the nozzle at the other end of the guide tube that guides a waste liquid containing a high concentration of blood is provided below the second plate  2141 , the second plate  2141  can prevent liquid drops of the waste liquid containing a high concentration of blood from coming into contact with the inner wall of the body  211  above the second plate  2142 , thereby reducing the pollution caused by the waste liquid to the body  211 . 
     In the waste liquid chamber  21  of the present application, at least one plate is disposed in the receiving cavity  217 , so that a waste liquid would not come into contact with a large area of the inner wall of the body  211  above the plate. After long-term use, only the wall below the plate becomes dirty and thus needs to be maintained. In this way, reagent consumption required for maintenance is reduced, and the maintenance becomes easier. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises a connecting rod  216 . One end of the connecting rod  216  is fixed on the top wall (for example, the top of the cover  212  or the body  211 ) of the receiving cavity  217 , and the other end extends toward the bottom of the receiving cavity  217 . Each plate in the waste liquid chamber  21  is sleeved on the connecting rod  216 . 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid chamber  21  further comprises a liquid level sensor  215  disposed inside the receiving cavity  217 . The liquid level sensor  215  is used for sensing a liquid level height inside the waste liquid chamber  21 . 
     In an embodiment, the liquid level sensor  215  is disposed on the connecting rod  216 . In other embodiments, the liquid level sensor  215  may be disposed on the inner wall of the body  211  or disposed in the receiving cavity  217  in other manners. 
     The waste liquid chamber  21  and the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) of the present application are applicable to various testing devices that need to discharge a liquid, for example, an immunoassay analyzer, a blood cell analyzer, a biochemical analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, and a urine analyzer, etc. 
     Based on the foregoing waste liquid chamber  21  and the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ), the present application further provides a sample analyzer.  FIG. 8  is a principle block diagram of a sample analyzer  400  according to an embodiment of the present application. The sample analyzer  400  may be an immunoassay analyzer, a blood cell analyzer, a biochemical analyzer, a blood coagulation analyzer, or a urine analyzer. 
     In an embodiment, the sample analyzer  400  at least comprises a sample conveying system  41 , a reagent compartment  42 , a sample injection system  43 , a cleaning system  44 , a reaction system  45 , and the foregoing waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ). The sample conveying system  41  provides the sample analyzer  400  with a sample to be tested. The reagent compartment  42  provides the sample analyzer  400  with a reagent for use in a test. The sample injection system  43  is used for collecting the sample to be tested and the reagent, and injecting the collected sample and reagent into a reaction cell of the reaction system  45 . The sample injection system  43  may comprise a moving mechanism and a sample injection needle. The sample injection needle is used for collecting a sample and a reagent. Each time after collecting a sample or reagent, the sample injection needle needs to be cleaned by the cleaning system  44 . The cleaning system uses a cleaning liquid to clean the sample injection needle in a cleaning cell. A waste liquid generated after cleaning is discharged through the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ). The sample conveying system  41 , the reagent compartment  42 , the sample injection system  43 , the cleaning system  44 , and the reaction system  45  are not the points to be improved in the present application. Details are not described herein. 
     In an embodiment, a waste liquid chamber  21  of the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ) is in communication with a discharge port of a waste liquid source of the sample analyzer  400  by a plurality of waste liquid pipes. The waste liquid chamber  21  is used for treating waste liquids generated by the waste liquid source in communication with the waste liquid chamber. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid source of the sample analyzer  400  may be comprise at least one of the sample injection needle, a waste liquid discharge pipe of the reagent compartment, a magnetic separator disk or the reaction cell. It may be understood that the waste liquid source may be another component that needs to discharge a liquid in the sample analyzer  400 . 
     Based on the foregoing waste liquid chamber  21  and the waste liquid treatment apparatus  200  (  201 ), the present application further provides a waste liquid treatment method.  FIG. 9  is a schematic flowchart of a waste liquid treatment method according to a first embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the waste liquid treatment method in this embodiment of the present application is not limited to the steps and order in the flowchart shown in  FIG. 9 . According to different requirements, a step may be added to or removed from the steps in the flowchart or the order of the steps may be changed. 
     As shown in  FIG. 9 , the waste liquid treatment method comprises the following steps. 
     Step  1001 , setting preset air pressure timings corresponding to at least two waste liquid chambers of a waste liquid treatment apparatus respectively, wherein each preset air pressure timing comprises a negative pressure period, and the negative pressure period corresponding to each waste liquid chamber corresponds to a waste discharge timing of a waste liquid source connected to the waste liquid chamber via a waste liquid pipe. 
     Step  1002 , controlling the pressure supply device to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber according to the preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber, so that the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber is in a negative pressure state at any moment during waste liquid treatment, to collect a waste liquid. In an embodiment, the preset air pressure timing further comprises a positive pressure period, and the step of controlling the pressure supply device to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber, according to the preset air pressure timing of the waste liquid chamber comprises: 
     controlling the pressure supply device to alternately supply negative pressure and positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber according to the preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber, so that the inside of the waste liquid chamber is alternately in a negative pressure state and a positive pressure state to alternately collect and discharge a waste liquid. 
     Further, in an embodiment, the step of controlling the pressure supply device to alternately supply negative pressure and positive pressure to each waste liquid chamber according to the preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber comprises: 
     controlling the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the negative pressure period of the waste liquid chamber, and controlling the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the positive pressure period of the waste liquid chamber. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment method further comprises: for each liquid chamber, 
     obtaining liquid level data sensed by a liquid level sensor disposed inside the waste liquid chamber; and 
     controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the negative pressure period of the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, so as to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber. 
     Further, the step of controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber comprises: 
     if the liquid level data indicates that the liquid level height is greater than a first preset height, controlling the pressure supply device to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber such that the waste liquid chamber temporarily stops collecting a waste liquid. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment method further comprises: for each waste liquid chamber 
     obtaining liquid level data sensed by a liquid level sensor disposed inside the waste liquid chamber; and 
     controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the positive pressure period of the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, so as to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber. 
     Further, the step of controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, comprises: 
     if the liquid level data indicates that the liquid level height is less than a second preset height, controlling the pressure supply device to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber such that the waste liquid chamber temporarily stops discharging a liquid. 
     In the waste liquid treatment method provided in this embodiment, at least two waste liquid chambers are used, and preset air pressure timings are appropriately set for the at least two waste liquid chambers, so that the at least two waste liquid chambers are capable of collecting waste liquids at different moments. In addition, it is ensured that at least one waste liquid chamber keeps collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, so that a waste liquid generated during a test can be treated in time to effectively shorten a waste liquid treatment cycle, thereby increasing the testing speed for a sample analyzer using the waste liquid treatment apparatus and method. 
     Generally, the process of waste liquid collection is relatively slow, whereas the process of waste liquid discharge is relatively fast. Therefore, if it is ensured that a waste liquid can be continuously collected during waste liquid treatment, the speed of waste liquid treatment can be greatly increased. In addition, if it is ensured that at least one waste liquid chamber keeps collecting a waste liquid at any moment during waste liquid treatment, waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge may be performed in parallel, so that a waiting time during serial performing of collection and discharge is avoided. 
     Reference is made to  FIG. 10 , which is a schematic flowchart of a waste liquid treatment method according to a second embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that the waste liquid treatment method in this embodiment of the present application is not limited to the steps and order in the flowchart shown in  FIG. 10 . According to different requirements, a step may be added to or removed from the steps in the flowchart or the order of the steps may be changed. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10 , the waste liquid treatment method comprises the following steps. 
     Step  1101 , setting preset air pressure timings corresponding to at least two waste liquid chambers of a waste liquid treatment apparatus respectively, wherein each preset air pressure timing comprises a negative pressure period and a positive pressure period, and the negative pressure period corresponding to each waste liquid chamber corresponds to a waste discharge timing of a waste liquid source connected to the waste liquid chamber via a waste liquid pipe. 
     Step  1102 , controlling the pressure supply device to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber according to the preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber, so that the inside of the waste liquid chamber is alternately in a negative pressure state and a positive pressure state to alternately collect a waste liquid and discharge a waste liquid, so as to enable the waste liquid treatment apparatus to simultaneously collect a waste liquid and discharge a waste liquid during waste liquid treatment. 
     For example, by controlling the air pressure supplied by the pressure supply device to each waste liquid chamber, at any moment during waste liquid treatment, the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber is in a negative pressure state to collect a waste liquid, and the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber is in a positive pressure state to discharge a waste liquid. In this way, waste liquids can be simultaneously collected and discharged at any moment. Alternatively, by controlling the air pressure supplied by the pressure supply device to each waste liquid chamber, the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber is in a positive pressure state at any moment during waste liquid treatment, to discharge a waste liquid. Therefore, at a moment, waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge can be performed in parallel, thereby avoiding a waiting time during serial performing of waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge. Further alternatively, and preferably, by controlling the air pressure supplied by the pressure supply device to each waste liquid chamber, the inside of at least one waste liquid chamber is in a negative pressure state at any moment during waste liquid treatment, to collect a waste liquid. Therefore, at a moment, waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge can be performed in parallel, thereby avoiding a waiting time during serial performing of waste liquid collection and waste liquid discharge. 
     In an embodiment, the step of controlling the pressure supply device to supply air pressure to each waste liquid chamber according to the preset air pressure timing corresponding to the waste liquid chamber comprises: 
     controlling the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the negative pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber, and controlling the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the positive pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment method further comprises: for each waste liquid chamber, 
     obtaining liquid level data sensed by a liquid level sensor disposed inside the waste liquid chamber; and 
     controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the negative pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber. 
     Further, the step of controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, comprises: 
     if the liquid level data indicates that the liquid level height is greater than a first preset height, controlling the pressure supply device to temporarily stop supplying negative pressure to the waste liquid chamber such that the waste liquid chamber temporarily stops collecting a waste liquid. 
     In an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment method further comprises: for each waste liquid chamber, 
     obtaining liquid level data sensed by a liquid level sensor disposed inside the waste liquid chamber; and 
     controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber within the positive pressure period corresponding to the waste liquid chamber according to the liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, to control an amount of waste liquid in the waste liquid chamber. 
     Further, the step of controlling a duration for the pressure supply device to supply positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber according to liquid level data sensed by the liquid level sensor inside the waste liquid chamber, comprises: 
     if the liquid level data indicates that the liquid level height is less than a second preset height, controlling the pressure supply device to temporarily stop supplying positive pressure to the waste liquid chamber such that the waste liquid chamber temporarily stops discharging a liquid. 
     In the waste liquid treatment method provided in the present application, at least two waste liquid chambers are used, and preset air pressure timings are appropriately set for the at least two waste liquid chambers. In this way, the waste liquid chambers can alternately and parallelly collect and discharge waste liquids in a plurality of waste liquid pipes, so that waste liquids generated during a test can be treated in time to effectively shorten a waste liquid treatment cycle, thereby increasing the testing speed for a sample analyzer using the waste liquid treatment apparatus and method. 
     For a person skilled in the art, apparently, the present application is not limited to the details in the foregoing exemplary embodiments, and the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present application. Therefore, from all perspectives, the embodiments should be considered to be exemplary and non-limitative. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims instead of the foregoing description. Therefore, all changes that fall within the meanings and scope of equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be covered by the present application. Any reference numeral in the claims should not be construed as limiting the related claims. In addition, apparently, the word “comprise” does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular reference of an element does not exclude the plural reference of such elements.