Patent Publication Number: US-2009230692-A1

Title: Dynamic fluid energy conversion

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/036,398, filed Mar. 13, 2008, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to harnessing dynamic energy of a moving fluid body and, more particularly, to systems, processes, devices, and techniques for converting the moving fluid body&#39;s dynamic energy to another type of energy, such as, for example, electrical power. 
     BACKGROUND 
     As the world continues to become more socially and economically advanced, its need for energy will continue to grow. Additionally, as the world&#39;s population continues to increase, its energy needs will grow. Thus, the need for energy will continue to expand. 
     Many traditional techniques for producing energy (e.g., combusting coal or natural gas) have become increasingly expensive with increased energy demand. Also, these techniques, as well as alternative techniques (e.g., nuclear), have numerous environmental drawbacks. Other traditional techniques (e.g., geo-thermal and hydro-electric) have not been able to keep pace with demand. 
     SUMMARY 
     This disclosure relates to harnessing the dynamic energy of a fluid body. The fluid body&#39;s dynamic energy may, for example, be used to produce electric power. In particular implementations, for instance, the motion of a gaseous fluid body may be used to pressurize a pumping fluid to drive an electric generator. 
     In one general aspect, a system for utilizing movements of a gaseous fluid body for generating electrical power may include a pumping mechanism and an electrical power generation mechanism. The pumping mechanism may, for example, include a flow-driven moveable member having a number of radially extending elements. The moveable member may be adapted to rotate in response to movement of a gaseous fluid body around the elements. The pumping mechanism may also include a pump coupled to the moveable member. The pump may be adapted to pressurize a pumping fluid in response to motion of the moveable member. The electrical power generation mechanism may be adapted to utilize the pressurized pumping fluid to generate electrical power. 
     Certain implementations may include a housing having an inner chamber from which the pump draws the fluid to be pressurized. The inner chamber may serve as a reservoir for the pumping fluid. 
     The moveable member may, for example, include a hub to which the radially extending elements are coupled. Additionally, the moveable member may include an alignment system adapted to align the member with fluid body movements. 
     The pump may, for example, include a container having a moveable piston housed therein. The pump may also include at least one fluid inlet conduit coupled to the container and a one-way valve coupled to the at least one fluid inlet conduit. The pump may additionally include at least one fluid outlet conduit coupled to the container and a one-way valve coupled to the at least one fluid outlet conduit. 
     Particular implementations may include a power conversion mechanism adapted to convey power from the moveable member to the pump. The power conversion mechanism may, for example, include a gear coupled to the movable member and an arm coupled to the pump, wherein the arm is driven by the gear. 
     Certain implementations may include a second pumping mechanism. The second pumping mechanism may include a fluid-driven moveable member and a pump. The moveable member may, for example, include a number of radially extending elements, and the moveable member may be adapted to rotate in response to movement of a gaseous fluid body around the elements. The pump may, for example, be coupled to the moveable member and adapted to pressurize a pumping fluid in response to motion of the moveable member. 
     Particular implementations having at least two pumping mechanisms may include a conduit system for combining the pressurized pumping fluid from the first pumping mechanism and the second pumping mechanism. The combined pumping fluid may be conveyed to the power generation mechanism. 
     In some implementations, the first pumping mechanism may cease supplying pressurized pumping fluid while the first pumping mechanism continues supplying pressurized pumping fluid. For example, the second pumping mechanism may be replaced while the first pumping mechanism continues supplying pressurized pumping fluid. 
     Certain implementations may include a conduit system for dispersing the fluid from the power generation mechanism to one or more pumping mechanisms. A bypass conduit may be in communication with two conduit systems, and a bypass valve maybe coupled to the bypass conduit. The bypass valve may be adapted to allow flow of the pressurized pumping fluid from a first conduit system to a second conduit system when a predetermined pressure of the pumping fluid is exceeded. 
     In another general aspect, a process for utilizing movements of a gaseous fluid body for generating electrical power may include driving a pump using the rotation of a flow-driven moveable member that rotates in response to movement of a gaseous fluid body and pressurizing a pumping fluid with the pump. In particular implementations, the movable member may be aligned with fluid body movements. The process may also include conveying the pressurized pumping fluid to an electrical power generator mechanism and generating power with the electrical power generator mechanism using the pressurized pumping fluid. 
     Particular implementations may include providing the pumping fluid to a chamber from which the pump draws the fluid to be pressurized. The chamber may, for example, serve as a reservoir for the pumping fluid. 
     Certain implementations may include driving a second pump using the rotation of a second flow-driven moveable member that rotates in response to movement of a gaseous fluid body and pressurizing the pumping fluid with the second pump. The pressurized pumping fluid may be conveyed to the electrical power generator mechanism and the electrical power generator mechanism may generate electrical power using the pressurized pumping fluid from the first pump and the second pump. 
     Particular implementations may include combining the pressurized pumping fluid from the first pump and the second pump before it arrives at the electrical power generator mechanism. Additionally, the pumping fluid from the electrical power generator mechanism may be conveyed to the pumps. 
     In certain implementations, pressurized pumping fluid may cease to be supplied to the electrical power generator mechanism from the second pump while continuing to supply pressurized pumping fluid from the first pump. 
     The systems, processes, devices, and techniques in this disclosure may have a variety of features. For example, as opposed to generating electrical power through burning fossil fuels (e.g., coal), electrical power may be generated through using a renewable energy source with little, if any, air pollution. Thus, the energy source may be used almost indefinitely and have a small effect on environmental quality. As another example, the energy source may be found at a variety of locations in a variety of countries. Thus, the power generation may be scaled as needed and may have widespread use. 
     Other features will be apparent from the detailed description, drawings, and claims. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1-2  are perspective views of an example system for converting dynamic fluid energy. 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of an example energy conversion mechanism for an energy conversion system. 
         FIGS. 4-5  are cut-away perspective views illustrating an operation of the energy conversion mechanism in  FIG. 3 . 
         FIGS. 6-7  are schematic illustrations of a pump at different stages of pumping. 
         FIGS. 8-9  are perspective views of another example system for converting dynamic fluid energy. 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view of a further example system for converting dynamic fluid energy. 
         FIGS. 11-12  are cross-sectional views of a valve useful for a dynamic fluid energy conversion system. 
         FIG. 13  is a flow chart illustrating an example process for converting dynamic fluid energy. 
         FIG. 14  is a flow chart illustrating another example process for converting dynamic fluid energy. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The dynamic energy of a fluid body may be harnessed by various systems, processes, devices, and techniques to produce useful work, such as producing electrical power. In some implementations, for example, systems, processes, devices, and techniques for converting the dynamic energy of a gaseous fluid body into electrical power may include pressurizing a pumping fluid using the flow of the fluid body and using the pressurized pumping fluid to drive a turbine that is coupled to an electrical generator. Other systems, processes, devices, and techniques are possible. 
       FIGS. 1-5  show an example system  10  for converting dynamic fluid energy. In particular, the system  10  can convert gaseous fluid energy into electrical power. 
     The system  10  shown includes a plurality of pumping mechanisms  100 , a conduit system  200 , an electrical power generator mechanism  400 , and a conduit system  500 . Although the system  10  is shown with four pumping mechanisms  100 , the system  10  may include one or more pumping mechanisms  100 . A plurality of pumping mechanisms  100  may produce an increased and/or more continuous flow of pumping fluid. The pumping fluid may be hydraulic fluid, oil, water, or any other appropriate fluid. 
     Each pumping mechanism  100  may include a flow-driven moveable member  120  coupled to a pump  160 . The moveable member  120  may be supported by a support structure  110 . The moveable member  120  may be rotated by a gaseous flow, such as wind, passing around elements  122  of the moveable member  120 . In certain implementations, the elements may, for example, be vanes or air foils. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3-5 , the elements  122  of the moveable member  120  are coupled to a hub  124 . The hub  124  is coupled to a shaft  126  that rotates as the moveable member  120  rotates. The shaft  126  is also coupled to the pump  160  through a power conversion system  130 . As illustrated, the conversion system  130  operates the pump  160  at a desired rate in relation to the moveable member  120 . The conversion system  130  may convert the motion of the moveable member  120  (e.g., rotary) into an appropriate motion for the pump  160  (e.g., linear). The conversion system  130  may, for example, include a gear box or reducer. 
     As shown in the example implementation of  FIG. 3 , for example, first gears  128  attached to the shaft  126  mate with second gears  132  of the conversion system  130 . As the second gears  132  are driven by the first gears  128 , the second gears  132  actuate connecting rods  134 . The connecting rods  134  are also coupled to a plunger  140 , and drive the plunger  140  in response to the second gears  132 . Although  FIGS. 2-5  show two first and second gears  128 ,  132 , there may be any number of first and second gears  128 ,  132 . Additionally, any number of connecting rods  134  could be used. For example, a single connecting rod  134  may be used if only a single second gear  132  were used. The implementations shown in the figures are used only as an example and are not intended to be limiting. 
     The connecting rods  134  may be pivotably connected to the plunger  140  at or near a first end  136  of the connecting rods  134 . The connecting rods  134  may also be pivotably connected to a radius of the second gears  132  at or near a second end  138  of the connecting rods  134 . Adjusting the size of the first gears  128  and the second gears  132  and/or adjusting the radius at which the connecting rods  134  are connected to the second gears  132  affects the operational rate of the plunger  140 . For example, for a given rotational speed of the moveable member  120 , increasing the radius of the second gear  132  relative to the first gear  128  decreases the rotational speed of the second gear  132 . Alternatively, decreasing the radius of the second gear  132  relative to the first gear  128  increases the rotational speed of the second gear  132 . On the other hand, increasing the radius of the first gear  128  relative to the second gear  132  increases the rotational speed of the second gear  132 . Similarly, decreasing the radius of the first gear  128  relative to the second gear  132  decreases the rotational speed of the second gear  132 . The movement of the plunger  140  will change in accordance with the rotational speed of the second gear  132 , as explained above. 
     The moveable member  120  may also include an alignment system  150  that may be used to align the moveable member  120  in a desired orientation. For example, the alignment system  150  may include a pivot  152  that allows the turbine to rotate about a vertical axis. The rotation may, for example, be used to align the moveable member  120  with a predominant fluid flow direction. The moveable member  120  may be moved about the pivot by an alignment device  154 , which may be activated by the wind. 
     The moveable member  120  may also include one or more brakes for slowing and/or stopping a motion of the moveable member  120 . For example, a first brake may be used for stopping and/or slowing a rotational speed of the moveable member  120 . A second brake may be used to fix the moveable member  120  into a desired configuration. According to some implementations, the brakes may be separate devices or a single device and may be used to adjust the operation of the moveable member  120 , such as during adverse weather conditions, although the brakes may be used under any conditions. 
     Referring again to  FIGS. 3-5 , the pump  160  includes an outer casing  162  and a piston  168  disposed in the outer casing  162  and coupled to the plunger  140 . The example pump  160  has dual-action functionality. As such, the pump  160  simultaneously intakes and expels a portion of the pumping fluid during both an upward and downward motion of the piston  168 . In other implementations, the pump  160  may have a single-action functionality. That is, the pump  160  may intake pumping fluid during one of an upwards or downwards motion of the piston  168  and may output pumping fluid during the other of the upwards or downwards motion. Accordingly, such an implementation may only require a single inlet conduit and a single outlet conduit. Such inlet and outlet conduits may be attached to a first portion  163   a  and/or a second portion  163   b  of the outer casing  162  of the pump  160 . 
     In this illustrated implementation, a first inlet conduit  164   a  for conducting the pumping fluid into the outer casing  162  of the pump  160  is attached to the first portion  163   a , and a second inlet conduit  164   b  for conducting the pumping fluid into the outer casing  162  is attached to the second portion  163   b . A first outlet conduit  166   a  for conducting the pumping fluid out of the outer casing  162  is attached to the first portion  163   a , and a second outlet conduit  166   b  for conducting the pumping fluid out of the outer casing  162  is attached to the second portion  163   b . The first and second inlet conduits  164   a ,  164   b  and the first and second outlet conduits  166   a ,  166   b  provide for fluid communication with an interior of the outer casing  162  of the pump  160 . Thus, the pumping fluid is able to flow through the conduits  164 - 166  and into or out of the interior of the outer casing  162 . The flow is controlled by a set of valves, which are described below. 
     Coupled to the first and second inlet conduits  164   a ,  164   b  is the return conduit  530 . The return conduit  530  couples to both the first and second inlet conduits  164   a ,  164   b  so that pumping fluid may be drawn through both of the inlet conduits from the return conduit. The return conduit  530  includes two valves  550   a ,  550   b  disposed upstream from the inlet conduits to control the flow through the inlet conduits. In particular implementations, the valves  550   a ,  550   b  may only permit fluid to flow in the direction of the pump  160 . The valves  550 ,  550   b  may, for example, be check valves. 
     Coupled to the first and second outlet conduits  166   a ,  166   b  is the outlet conduit  210 . The outlet conduit  210  couples to both the first and second outlet conduits  166   a ,  166   b  so that pumping fluid may be conveyed through both of the inlet conduits to the outlet conduit  210 . The outlet conduit  210  includes two valves  270   a ,  270   b  disposed downstream from the outlet conduits. In particular implementations, the valves  270   a ,  270   b  may only permit fluid to flow away from the pump  160 . The valves  270   a ,  270   b  may, for example, be check valves. 
     In one mode of operation, as the piston  168  is moved toward the moveable member  120 , the valve  270   a  allows fluid to exit the pump  160  and enter the outlet conduit  210 . At the same time, the valve  270   b  prevents the exiting fluid from re-entering the pump  160 . Additionally, the valve  550   b  allows fluid to flow into the pump  160  from the return conduit  530 . The valve  550   a  prevents the exiting fluid from entering the return conduit  530 . As the piston is moved away from the moveable member  120 , however, the valve  270   b  allows fluid to exit the pump  160  and enter the outlet conduit  210 , and the valve  270   a  prevents the exiting fluid from re-entering the pump  160 . Additionally, the valve  550   a  allows fluid to flow into the pump  160  from the return conduit  530 , and the valve  550   b  prevents the exiting fluid from entering the return conduit  530 . 
     The operation of the pump  160  is described best with reference to  FIGS. 6-7 . In operation, the plunger  140  reciprocates the piston  168  between a position near the first portion  163   a  and the second portion  163   b  of the outer casing  162 . As the piston  168  moves towards the first portion  163   a  (see  FIG. 6 ), the pressure below the piston  168  is reduced. This lower pressure causes the valve  550   b  to open, drawing the pumping fluid from the return conduit  530  and into the outer casing  162 , through the inlet conduit  164   b  and the valve  550   b . At the same time, the pressure above the piston  168  increases, forcing the pumping fluid out through the outlet conduit  166   a  and the valve  270   a  and into the outlet conduit  210 . The pumping fluid is prevented from being forced out of the inlet conduit  164   a  by the valve  550   a  and into the outlet conduit  166   b  by the valve  270   b.    
     As the plunger  140  moves the piston  168  moves towards the second portion  163   b  (see  FIG. 7 ), the pressure above the piston  168  decreases, causing the valve  550   a  to open, drawing the pumping fluid from the return conduit  530  and into the outer casing  162 , through the valve  550   a  and the inlet conduit  164   a . At the same time, the pumping fluid below the piston  168  is forced out through the outlet conduit  166   b  and the valve  270   b  and into the outlet conduit  210 . The valve  550   b  prevents the pumping fluid from flowing out of the outer casing  162  through the inlet conduit  164   b , and the valve  270   a  prevents pumping fluid from flowing through the outlet conduit  166   a  and into the outer casing  162 . 
     As just discussed, pumping fluid may be simultaneously be drawn into and pumped out of the pump  160  during both the upward and downward stroke of the piston  168 . Thus, at least in some implementations, the pumping of the fluid may be double action. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the pumping mechanisms  100  are coupled to the power generator mechanism  400  through the conduit system  200  and the conduit system  500 . The conduit system  200  may include the outlet conduits  210 , a supply manifold  220 , and a supply conduit  230 . Similarly, the conduit system  500  may include a return conduit  510 , a return manifold  520 , and return conduits  530 . As shown, the outlet conduits  210  join to the supply manifold  220 , and the supply manifold joins to the supply conduit  230 . The supply conduit  230  extends between the supply manifold  220  and the power generator mechanism  400 . The return conduit  510  extends between the generator mechanism  400  and the return manifold  520 , which joins the return conduits  530 . 
     A bypass conduit  240  may extend between the supply manifold  220  and the return manifold  520  and may include a valve  250  disposed therein. The valve  250  may be, for example, a pressure relief valve. Consequently, if a pressure in the supply manifold  220  exceeds a selected pressure, the valve  250  may open, causing all or a portion of the pumping fluid to be conveyed into the return manifold  520 . 
     Each return conduit  530  may include a valve  540 , and each outlet conduit  210  may include a valve  260 . Valves  540 ,  260  may be sensor-actuated valves and may be actuated in response to a signal from a sensor provided at one or more locations of the system  10 . For example, a sensor may be located in the pumps  160 , the conduit system  200 , the power generator mechanism  400 , or other locations. The sensors may, for example, activate the valves if contaminants are detected in the pumping fluid. Valves  540 ,  260  may also be user-actuated valves. A user may, for example, close a set of valves when repairing or replacing components of a pumping mechanism  100 . 
     In certain implementations, a valve may allow the pumping fluid to be recirculated to a pump  160 . For example, a valve may be coupled between the inlet conduits  164  and the outlet conduits  166  or between a supply conduit  210  and a return conduit  530 . If a detrimental condition is detected (e.g., contamination), the valve may be opened to allow the pressurized pumping fluid to recirculate to the pump  160 . Thus, the pumping mechanism  100  may continue to operate without the contaminated fluid reaching the rest of the system  10 . 
     The power generator mechanism  400  includes a mechanical-power converter  410 , which is coupled to supply conduit  230  and return conduit  510 . The power generator mechanism also includes a power transmission mechanism  420  that couples the mechanical-power converter  410  to an electrical generator  430 . The mechanical-power converter  410  may receive the fluid flow from supply conduit  230  and convert it into a mechanical driving force. For instance, the mechanical-power converter  410  can convert the power of the fluid flow into rotary power, and the rotary power can drive the electrical generator  430 . In particular implementations, for example, the mechanical-power converter  410  can be a turbine, and the power transmission mechanism  420  can be a shaft. 
     In one mode of operation, wind causes the moving members  120  to rotate, thereby rotating the shafts  126  associated with the moving members  120 . As mentioned above, the moving members  120  may be aligned in a desired direction with the alignment device  154 , for example, to convert the wind energy efficiently. As the shafts  126  rotate, the plungers  140  are cyclically actuated through the conversion systems  130 . The plungers  140  actuate the pumps  160 , which draw the pumping fluid traveling through the return conduit  510 , the return manifold  520 , and the return conduits  530  into the pumps  160  via the inlet conduits  164   a ,  164   b . The pressurized pumping fluid is pressurized within the pumps  160  and output from the outlet conduits  166   a ,  166   b . The pumping fluid is conveyed to the generator mechanism  400  via outlet conduits  210 , the supply manifold  220 , and the supply conduit  230 . The pressurized pumping fluid is used to actuate (e.g., spin) the mechanical-power converter  410 . The mechanical-power converter  410  actuates the power transmission mechanism  420 , which is coupled to the electrical generator  430 . The electrical generator  430  converts the mechanical power of the power transmission mechanism  420  into electrical energy. 
     After the pumping fluid has been utilized to generate electrical power at the generator mechanism  400 , the pumping fluid may be returned to the pumping mechanisms  100  through the conduit system  500 . The pumping fluid in return conduit  510  may be returned to the pumping mechanisms  100  through positive pressure, negative pressure, and/or gravity. The return of the pumping fluid to the pumping mechanisms  100  through the conduit system  500  may provide a cooling process for the pumping fluid, which may in turn cool the components of pumping mechanisms  100 . In some implementations, the cooling may be accomplished by heat exchange with the air around the conduit system  500 . 
     The system  10  has a variety of features. For example, as opposed to generating electrical power through burning fossil fuels (e.g., coal), electrical power may be generated through using a renewable energy source with little, if any, air pollution. Thus, the energy source may be used almost indefinitely and have a small effect on environmental quality. As another example, the energy source may be found at a variety of locations in a variety of countries. Thus, the power generation may be scaled as needed and may have widespread use. 
     Other implementations of power generation system  10  may have additional features. For example, conditions that may indicate and/or cause adverse environmental conditions may be monitored and, if detected, contained. For instance, appropriate sensors could detect contamination/leakage of the pumping fluid and use isolation mechanisms (e.g., valves) to stop the flow of pumping fluid to and/or from a fluid pumping mechanism  100  and/or a mechanical-power converter  410 . As another example, the pumping fluid could be biodegradable. Thus, the power generation system  10  may provide a minimal impact on the environment if a problem does arise. 
     Although four pumping mechanisms  100  are illustrated, other implementations may include fewer or additional pumping mechanisms  100 . Additionally, the pumping mechanisms  100  may be joined with one or more generator mechanisms  400  via power transmission mechanisms  420  and corresponding mechanical-power converters  410 . Moreover, in certain implementations, two or more pumping mechanisms  100  may be used in a many-to-one correspondence with a mechanical-power converter  410 , as explained above. In particular implementations, for instance, a power transmission mechanism  420  may be driven by only one mechanical power converter  410 , which may be driven by one or more pumping mechanisms  100 . 
     According to certain implementations, the power generator mechanism  400  may include a plurality of mechanical-power converters  410 , each corresponding to one or a group of pumping mechanisms  100 . The pumping fluid from each pumping mechanism  100  or group of pumping mechanisms  100  may be directed to a corresponding mechanical-power converter  410  through a corresponding conduit system. The mechanical-power converters  410  may be actuatable by the pressurized pumping fluid and coupled to one or more power transmission mechanisms  420 . Therefore, as the pressurized pumping fluid actuates a mechanical-power converter  410 , a power transmission mechanism  420  is also actuated. The actuation of a power transmission mechanism  420  consequently drives an electrical generator  430  to generate electrical power. 
     As shown, the outlet conduit  210  has a smaller diameter than the return conduit  530  because the pumping fluid passing through the outlet conduit  210  may have a higher pressure than the pumping fluid passing through the return conduit  530 . However, the conduits  530 ,  210  may be any size. For example, the outlet conduit  210  may be larger than the return conduit  530  or vice versa. The conduits  530 ,  210  may also be the same size in certain implementations. 
     The movable members  120 , the pumps  160 , the inlet conduits  164 , the outlet conduits  166 , the return conduits  530 , the outlet conduits  210 , the supply conduit  230 , the return conduit  510 , the supply manifold  220 , the return manifold  520 , the mechanical-power converter  410 , the power transmission mechanism  420 , and the electrical generator  430 , as well as other components of the system  10 , may be sized according to an intended application, taking into consideration factors such as an amount of power to be generated, the anticipated flow speed, etc. Certain implementations may include a housing having an inner chamber. The inner chamber may act as a fluid reservoir from which the pumping fluid may be drawn into the pump. In particular implementations, the pump  160  may also be located in the housing, or even in the inner chamber. 
       FIGS. 8-9  illustrate another example implementation of a system  10  for converting dynamic fluid energy. In particular, the system  10  includes pumping mechanisms  100 A that can be used for electrical power generation. Each pumping mechanism  100 A includes a moveable member  120 , a conversion system  130 , and a pump  160 . The moveable member  120  includes a number of elements  122  and a shaft  126  having a radially enlarged portion  128  at or near an end thereof. The conversion system  130  includes a connecting rod  134  having a first end that is pivotably coupled to the radially enlarged portion  128  and a second end that is pivotably coupled to a plunger  140 . In this implementation, the shaft  126  and the conversion system  130  are arranged to allow the pump  160  to be located out from under a support structure  110  for the pumping mechanism  100 A. 
     When it is driven by a gaseous fluid, moveable member  120  drives shaft  126  rotationally. As the shaft  126  rotates, the first end of the connecting rod  134  traces an arc having a defined radius around the longitudinal axis of the shaft  126 . Consequently, the plunger  140  cyclically rises and falls. This cyclical movement of the plunger  140  drives the pumping action of the pump  160 . The pump  160  may, for example, operate similarly to the pump in  FIGS. 3-5 . 
       FIG. 10  illustrates another example implementation of a system  10  for converting dynamic fluid energy. The system  10  includes pumping mechanisms  100 B, which can be used for generating electrical power. Each pumping mechanism  100 B includes a moveable member  120 , a conversion system  130 , and a pump  160 . The moveable member  120  includes a shaft  126  having a radially enlarged portion  128  at or near an end thereof. The conversion system  130  includes a connecting rod  134  having a first end that is pivotably coupled to the radially enlarged portion  128  and a second end that is pivotably coupled to a plunger  140 . In this implementation, the shaft  126  and the conversion system  130  are arranged to allow the pump  160  to be located out from under a support structure  110  for the pumping mechanism  100 B. 
     When it is driven by a gaseous fluid, moveable member  120  drives shaft  126  rotationally. As the shaft  126  rotates, the first end of the connecting rod  134  traces an arc having a defined radius around the longitudinal axis of the shaft  126 . Consequently, the plunger  140  cyclically rises and falls. This cyclical movement of the plunger  140  drives the pumping action of the pump  160 . 
       FIGS. 11-12  show an example valve  1100  that may be similar to the valves  260 ,  540 . The valve  1100  includes a body  1110  having first and second openings  1120 ,  1130  and a gate  1140  pivotable within the body  1110 . During normal operations, the gate  1140  may be fixed in an open position providing open communication between the first and second openings  1120 ,  1130 . If a selected condition occurs, such as if contamination or a leak is detected, the gate  1140  may be released and pivot downwardly into a closed position, preventing fluid from passing through the valve  1100 . According to the example valve shown in  FIGS. 11 and 12 , the gate  1140  includes an appendage  1150  extending therefrom. Thus, when a condition is detected, an actuator  1160  retracts a pin  1170  extending through an opening formed in the appendage  1150 , and the gate  1140  pivots downwardly, sealing the valve  1100 . The valve  1100  may also be user-actuated. 
     A system  10  may include additional and/or different valves. For example, the additional and/or other valves may be manually actuated, e.g., actuated via a hand-crank. The valves included in the system, including the valves  260 ,  540  may be operable to stop flow of the pumping fluid through the return conduits  210  and the outlet conduits  530  when a selected condition is detected, actuated in order to isolate the associated pump  160 , or for some other reason. For example, a pump  160  may be removable for maintenance, repair, and/or replacement. Accordingly, the output conduit  210  and return conduit  530  may include one or more shut-off valves. The shut-off valves may be similar to the sensor actuated valves  260 ,  540 . The shut-off valves may be disposed on opposite sides of a disconnect, which may be a pair of flanged ends abutting one another or any other mechanism for detaching one end of a conduit from another end. When disconnecting the pump  160  from the output conduit  210  and the return conduit  530 , the shut-off valves may be closed and the disconnect uncoupled. Consequently, pumping fluid is prevented from entering the pump  160  or the inlet conduits  164  from the return conduit  530  or leaving the pump  160  or the outlet conduits  166  for the supply conduit  210 . 
     As mentioned above, the system  10  may include one or more sensors for detecting an operating condition of the system  10 . Operating conditions may include a flow rate within the system  10 , a quality of the pumping fluid (e.g., the amount of a contaminant in the pumping fluid), a pumping speed of the pump  160 , a rotational speed of the moveable member  120 , an output of the power generator mechanism  400 , or some other aspect of the system  10  desired to be measured. Contaminants may include dirt, water, or chemical impurities, for example. The sensor may be communicably coupled to the valve  260  and/or the valve  540 , or some other valve(s) within the system  10 . If a predetermined operating condition is detected, the sensor may send a signal to one or more valves, such as valves  260 ,  540 , adjusting a position thereof. For example, the sensor may command the valves  260 ,  540  to close or otherwise redirect a flow of the pumping fluid. Consequently, when contamination is detected, the pumped fluid may be prevented from being conveyed from and/or to the power generator mechanism  400 . 
     Power to a sensor, one or more sensor actuated valves of the system, or other devices may be provided, for example, by a power line, battery, or any other power source, such as solar power. Further, a sensor may be adapted to provide an alarm signal when the predetermined condition is detected. For example, a sensor may send the alarm signal to one or more lights disposed on the pumping mechanisms  100 . Further, the alarm signal may be transmitted via a wired or wireless connection to a remote user to indicate the occurrence of the predetermined condition. 
     As indicated above, each pumping mechanism  100  may have one or more associated flow rate sensors. A flow rate sensor may be provided on one or more of the return conduits  530  and the outlet conduits  210 , the supply manifold  220 , the return manifold  520 , the supply conduit  230 , and the return conduit  510 . The flow rate sensor may measure a flow rate of the pumping fluid passing through a conduit of the system  10 . According to some implementations, the flow rate sensors may transmit a signal indicating the measured flow rate of the pumping fluid to a controller. The flow rate measurements may be compared, and an alarm may be triggered if a difference between the flow rate measurements exceeds a selected amount. For example, the flow rate sensors may transmit the flow rate measurements to a central controller that may compare the measurement values and determine if a difference, if any, exceeds a predetermined amount. Such a difference may, for example, indicate a leak. Further, the controller may open or close one or more of the valves of the system  10 . For example, the controller may open or close one or more of the valves  260 ,  540  in order to adjust an amount of the pumping fluid conveyed to or from the pumping mechanisms  100  or stop flow of the pumping fluid to or from the pumping mechanisms  100  or both. The central controller may be a human user or may be a mechanical or electronic device operable to receive, analyze, and transmit signals. 
       FIG. 13  illustrates an example process  1300  for converting dynamic fluid energy. Process  1300  calls for harnessing at least a portion of the flow energy of a gaseous flow to rotate a moveable member (operation  1304 ). For example, the energy of a wind current may be harnessed by disposing a wind turbine within the wind flow to rotate a portion of the turbine. The rotational motion of the moveable member is used to produce a cyclical motion, such as a back-and-forth linear motion, of a pumping member (e.g., an elongated member) (operation  1308 ). The pumping member may, for example, be a plunger coupled to a rotating portion of the moveable member. The cyclical motion of the pumping member is used to pressurize a fluid (operation  1312 ). For example, a pumping member may have a piston disposed at one end thereof, and the piston may be made to reciprocate within a pump to pressurize a fluid. The pressurized fluid is conducted to a remote location (operation  1316 ). For example, the pressurized fluid may form a fluid flow that is conveyed through a system of conduits to the remote location. At the remote location, the pressurized fluid is used to generate electrical power (operation  1320 ). For example, the pressurized fluid may be made to actuate a turbine that is coupled to an electrical power generator such that the generator generates electricity when actuated by the turbine. 
     Although  FIG. 13  illustrates one process for converting dynamic fluid energy, other processes for converting dynamic fluid energy may include fewer, additional, and/or a different arrangement of operations. For example, a process may include conveying the fluid, possibly in a depressurized state, back to the pumping member. As another example, a number of moveable members may be exposed to the flow to actuate a number of pumping members. The pressurized fluid from the pumping members may be used individually or in combination to generate electricity. Additionally, two or more of a process&#39;s operations may be performed in a contemporaneous or simultaneous manner. In particular modes of operation, for example, all of a processes operations may be occur at the same time. Moreover, a processes operations may be performed continuously or intermittently for any period of time. 
       FIG. 14  illustrates another example process  1400  for converting dynamic fluid energy. Process  1400  calls for a moveable member rotating in response to movement of a gaseous fluid body (operation  1404 ). For example, a wind current may rotate a wind turbine within a wind flow. The rotation of the moveable member drives a pump (operation  1408 ). The pump may, for example, include a double-action piston pump. The moveable member and the pump may be coupled together through a power transmission mechanism, which may produce a cyclical motion for the pumping mechanism. The pump pressurizes a pumping fluid in response to being driven (operation  1412 ). For example, a piston may be made to move within a housing to pressurize a fluid. 
     The pumping fluid may be analyzed to determine whether it is unacceptably contaminated (operation  1416 ). A sensor may, for example, determine whether too much particulate matter is present in the pumping fluid, which may degrade mechanical components. If the level of contamination is not unacceptable, the pumping fluid is conveyed to a mechanical-power conversion device (operation  1420 ). The pressurized pumping fluid may, for example, form a flow that is conveyed by a conduit system. 
     While being conveyed to the conversion device, a determination is made regarding whether the pressure of the pumping fluid is too high (operation  1424 ). A sensor may, for example, determine whether the pressure of the pumping fluid is to high. If the pressure of the pumping fluid is not too high, the pumping fluid arrives at the conversion device and drives it (operation  1428 ). The conversion device may, for example, be a turbine, and the pumping fluid may flow around the turbine&#39;s vanes to drive the turbine. 
     The conversion device drives an electrical power generator (operation  1432 ). The conversion device may, for example, be coupled to the power generator through the use of a rotary shaft. The power generator generates electrical power in response to being driven by the conversion device (operation  1436 ). 
     The pumping fluid is conveyed back to the pump from the conversion device (operation  1440 ). The pumping fluid may then again be pressurized by another movement of the fluid body. 
     If, however, an unacceptable level of contamination is detected in the pumping fluid (operation  1416 ), the pumping fluid may be conveyed back to the pump (operation  1440 ). Thus, contaminated pumping fluid may prevented from reaching the conduit system, the conversion device, and/or other components of the power generation system. 
     Additionally, if too much pressure is detected in the pumping fluid (operation  1424 ), the pumping fluid may be conveyed back to the pump (operation  1440 ). Thus, over-pressurized pumping fluid may be prevented from reaching the conversion device. 
     Although  FIG. 14  illustrates one implementation of a process for converting dynamic fluid energy, other implementations may include fewer, additional, and/or a different arrangement of operations. For example, a process for converting dynamic fluid energy may include a number of moveable members that are exposed to the flow to actuate a number of pumps. The pressurized fluid from the pumps may be used individually or in combination to generate electricity. Additionally, two or more of a process&#39;s operations may be performed in a contemporaneous or simultaneous manner. In particular modes of operation, for example, all of a processes operations may occur at the same time. Moreover, a process&#39;s operations may be performed continuously or intermittently for any period of time. As another example, checking for contamination and/or overpressure may not be performed. 
     A number of implementations have been described, and several others have been mentioned or suggested. Additionally, various additions, deletions, substitutions, and/or modifications to these implementations will readily be suggested to those skilled in the art while still achieving dynamic fluid energy conversion. Thus, it will be understood that various implementations for achieving dynamic fluid energy conversion may be achieved without departing from the essence of the disclosure. Moreover, the scope of protectable subject matter should be judged based on the claims, which may encompass one or more aspects of one or more implementations.