Patent Publication Number: US-2015059405-A1

Title: Colorful and bright diamond

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to the field of jewelry, and in particular to a colourful and bright diamond which can radiate the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Diamond has the strongest lustre and the most beautiful fire colours and thus is known as “the king of gems”, which has been specially loved and pursued by people all the way. 
     However, due to complexity of reflection of the fire colours of the diamond and historical limitations, the gross efficiency of the fire colours being reflected from diamonds currently popular worldwide is very low, resulting in optical properties of related diamond very poor. Therefore, the fire colours of diamonds favourite to contemporary people fail to meet ideal demands. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention aims to provide a colourful and bright diamond, which can radiate the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, to solve the above problems. 
     In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows. 
     A colourful and bright diamond, with shape and construction of “round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond”, in particular comprising main crown facets and main pavilion facets, both in number of 8 and each accounting for 88%˜92% of the area of its own portion. 
     One table facet is provided at the top end of a crown portion, a plurality of crown star facets are provided between the edge lines of the table facet and two neighbouring main crown facets, a crown arrow star facet is provided from the bottom of the crown star facet to between two neighbouring main crown facets above a girdle, and an upper girdle right star facet and an upper girdle left star facet are provided at two sides under the crown arrow star facet and above the girdle, respectively. 
     The numbers of the crown star facets, the crown arrow star facets, the upper girdle right star facets and the upper girdle left star facets are each 8, and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the crown portion. 
     In a pavilion portion, a pavilion arrow star facet is provided under the girdle between two main pavilion facets, with the height of it accounting for half of that of the main pavilion facet; a lower girdle right star facet and a lower girdle left star facet are provided at two sides above the pavilion arrow star facet and under the girdle, respectively; the numbers of the pavilion arrow star facets, the lower girdle right star facets and the lower girdle left star facets are each 8, and the total area of them accounts for 8%—12% of the area of the pavilion portion; and a bottom tip star facet is provided at the bottom end of the pavilion portion. 
     Preferably, the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets are provided, both in number of 8 and the area of each accounting for 88%˜92% of its own portion; the angle between the main crown facet and the plane of the girdle is 37.5˜38.5 degrees; and the angle between the main pavilion facet and the plane of a girdle is 40.5˜41.5 degrees. 
     Preferably, the width of the table facet is 56˜58% of the diameter of the girdle. 
     Preferably, the angle between the crown star facet and the table facet is 12˜13 degrees. 
     Preferably, the angle between the crown arrow star facet and the plane of the girdle is 35˜37 degrees. 
     Preferably, the angle between the upper girdle right star facet and the plane of the girdle and the angle between the upper girdle left star facet and the plane of the girdle are both 37˜40 degrees. 
     Preferably, the numbers of the crown star facets, the crown arrow star facets, the upper girdle right star facets and the upper girdle left star facets are each 8, and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the crown portion. 
     Preferably, the angle between the pavilion arrow star facet and the plane of the girdle is 38˜40 degrees. 
     Preferably, the angle between the lower girdle right star facet and the plane of the girdle and the angle between the lower girdle left star facet and the plane of the girdle are both 40˜43 degrees. 
     Preferably, the numbers of the pavilion arrow star facets, the lower girdle right star facets and the lower girdle left star facets are each 8, and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the pavilion portion. 
     Preferably, the width of the bottom tip star facet is 0.1˜2% of the diameter of the girdle. 
     Preferably, the height of the diamond is 58˜61% of the diameter of the girdle; the height h1 of the pavilion portion is 41˜43% of the diameter of the girdle; the height h2 of the crown portion is 15˜18% of the diameter of the girdle; and the thickness h3 of the girdle is 1˜2.5% of the diameter of the girdle. 
     A colourful and bright diamond is provided by the present invention, and it is proved by experiments that: using the technology of the invention, diamonds and gems, when styles changed and materials replaced, can obtain the same superb optical effects. Therefore, the technology is applied to diamonds and gems with styles changed and materials replaced, which is always within the scope of protection of the present invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIGS. 1 ,  2  and  3  are schematic views of a “round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond” provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a front view,  FIG. 1   a  is a schematic view of dimensioning, 
         FIG. 2  is a top view of the crown portion, and 
         FIG. 3  is a bottom view of the pavilion portion. the facets in the above figures are named as follows:  1 . main crown facet;  2 . main pavilion facet;  3 . table facet;  4 . crown star facet;  5 . crown arrow star facet;  6 . upper girdle right star facet;  7 . upper girdle left star facet;  8 . pavilion arrow star facet;  9 . lower girdle right star facet;  10 . lower girdle left star facet;  11 . bottom tip star facet; 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of reflection principle of fire colours of a “brilliant type of diamond”; and 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of reflection principle of fire colours of a colourful and bright diamond. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     The present invention will be further described in detail hereinafter through specific embodiments in combination with the drawings. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a colourful and bright diamond, with shape and construction of “round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond”, in particular comprising main crown facets  1  and main pavilion facets  2 , both in number of 8 and each accounting for 88%˜92% of the area of its own portion. 
     One table facet  3  is provided at the top end of a crown portion, 8 crown star facets  4  are provided between the edge lines of the table facet and the two neighbouring main crown facets  1 , a crown arrow star facet  5  is provided from the bottom of the crown star facet  4  to between two neighbouring main crown facets  1  above a girdle, and an upper girdle right star facet  6  and an upper girdle left star facet  7  are provided at two sides under the crown arrow star facet  5  and above the girdle, respectively. 
     The numbers of the crown star facets  4 , the crown arrow star facets  5 , the upper girdle right star facets  6  and the upper girdle left star facets  7  are each 8, and the total area of them is 8%˜12% of the area of the crown portion. 
     In a pavilion portion of said round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond, a pavilion arrow star facet  8  is provided under the girdle between two main pavilion facets  2 , with the height of it being half of that of the main pavilion facet  2 ; a lower girdle right star facet  9  and a lower girdle left star facets  10  are provided at two sides above the pavilion arrow star facet  8  and under the girdle, respectively; the numbers of the pavilion arrow star facets  8 , the lower girdle right star facets  9  and the lower girdle left star facets  10  are each 8 and the total area of them is 8%˜12% of the area of the pavilion portion; and a bottom tip star facet  11  is provided at the bottom end of the pavilion portion. 
     Important invention: in order to achieve the above objects, calculation formulas for calculating the gross efficiency of light total reflection of a diamond are found by the researcher of the present invention after repeating experiments in long-term research project:
         (I) a calculation formula for calculating the gross efficiency of light total reflection, when one fire colour is radiated from each main pavilion facet of a diamond, is: W=MN;   (II) a calculation formula for calculating the gross efficiency of light total reflection, when two equally powerful fire colours are radiated from each main pavilion facet of a diamond, is: W=2 MN.       

     Especially, the second calculation formula reveals the objective law that the diamond can radiate the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours. The structure and angle of the facets of the colourful and bright diamond are designed according to the requirements of the second calculation formula as follows: 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , in the technical solution involved by the embodiment of the present invention, in particularly, with the “round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond” as example, it comprises main crown facets  1  and main pavilion facets  2  provided, both in the number of 8 and each accounting for 88%˜92% of the area of of its own portion. One table facet  3  is provided at the top end of a crown portion; a crown star facet  4  is provided between two main crown facets outside the edge line of the table facet; a crown arrow star facet  5  is provided from the bottom of the crown star facet to between two main crown facets above a girdle; and an upper girdle right star facet  6  and an upper girdle left star facet  7  are provided at two sides under the crown arrow star facet  5  and above the girdle, respectively; the numbers of the crown star facets  4 , the crown arrow star facets  5 , the upper girdle right star facets  6  and the upper girdle left star facets  7  are each 8 and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the crown portion. In the pavilion portion, a pavilion arrow star facet  8  is provided under the girdle between two main pavilion facets  2 , with the height of it being half of that of the main pavilion facet; a lower girdle right star facet  9  and a lower girdle left star facets  10  are provided at two sides above the pavilion arrow star facet and under the girdle, respectively; the numbers of the pavilion arrow star facets  8 , the lower girdle right star facets  9  and the lower girdle left star facets  10  are each 8 and the total area of them is 8%˜12% of the area of the pavilion portion; and a bottom tip star facet  11  is provided at the bottom end of the pavilion portion. 
     The technology of the present invention has the following significant effects: the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets of this diamond have maximized design area and particular angles, and the calculation formulas are found to prove: the gross efficiency of light total reflection of such diamond is two 90%. Each main pavilion facet can reflect two equally powerful and beautiful fire colours. Strength of the fire colours are improved as 12 times than that of a “brilliant type of diamond” which is a “4C” model in the world. Great sublimation in aesthetic value is obtained. 
     The technology of the present invention will be further described hereinafter in combination with specific embodiments. Taking a “round seventy-four facets type of colourful and bright diamond” as example, it comprises main crown facets  1  and main pavilion facets  2  provided, both in number of 8 and each accounting for 88%˜92% of the area of its own portion; the angle between the main crown facet  1  and the plane of the girdle is 37.5˜38.5 degrees; the angle between the main pavilion facet  2  and the plane of the girdle is 40.5˜41.5 degrees. One table facet  3  is provided at the top end of a crown portion, and the width of the table facet is 55.5˜58.5% of the diameter of the girdle; a crown star facet  4  is provided between two main crown facets outside the edge line of the table facet, and the angle between the crown star facet and the table facet is of 12˜13 degrees; a crown arrow star facet  5  is provided from the bottom of the crown star facet to between two main crown facets  1  above the girdle, and the angle between the crown arrow star facet and the plane of the girdle is of 35˜37 degrees; an upper girdle right star facet  6  and an upper girdle left star facet  7  are provided at two sides under the crown arrow star facet and above the girdle, respectively, and the angles between them and the plane of the girdle are both of 37˜40 degrees; the numbers of the crown star facets  4 , the crown arrow star facets  5 , the upper girdle right star facets  6  and the upper girdle left star facets  7  are each 8 and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the crown portion. In the pavilion portion, a pavilion arrow star facet  8  is provided under the girdle between two main pavilion facets, with the height of it being half of that of the main pavilion facet, and the angle between the pavilion arrow star facet and the plane of the girdle is of 38˜40 degrees; a lower girdle right star facet  9  and a lower girdle left star facet  10  are provided at two sides above the pavilion arrow star facet and under the girdle, respectively, and the angles between them and the plane of the girdle are both of 40˜43 degrees; the numbers of the pavilion arrow star facets  8 , the lower girdle right star facets  9  and the lower girdle left star facets  10  are each 8 and the total area of them accounts for 8%˜12% of the area of the pavilion portion; a bottom tip star facet  11  is provided at the bottom end of the pavilion portion, and the width of the bottom tip star facet is 0.1˜2% of the diameter of the girdle. The height h of the diamond is 58˜61% of the diameter of the girdle; the height h1 of the pavilion portion is 41˜43% of the diameter of the girdle; the height h2 of the crown portion is 15˜18% of the diameter of the girdle; and the thickness h3 of the girdle is 1˜2.5% of the diameter of the girdle. 
     A first important technical measure: in order to make the diamond to get the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, a necessary path should be provided for light total reflection of the diamond. It requires that not only the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets of the diamond must be symmetrical respectively, but also the upper and lower main plates of the diamond must be corresponding with each other. Thus the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets of the diamond must be in the same even number. 
     A second important technical measure: in order to make the diamond to get the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, it is more important that the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets of this diamond are designed with maximum area if possible. 
     It is proved by experiments that: whether a diamond can get the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours depends upon the gross efficiency (W) of light total reflection of the diamond; and the gross efficiency (W) is proportional to the total reflection lighting rate (M) of the main crown facets and the total reflection efficiency (N) of the main pavilion facets, wherein the total reflection lighting rate (M) of the main crown facets is the ratio of effective area of total reflection lighting of the main crown facets of the crown portion to the total area of the crown portion, and the total reflection efficiency (N) of the main pavilion facets is the ratio of the effective area of total reflection lighting of the main pavilion facets of the pavilion portion to the effective area of total reflection lighting of the main crown facets. 
     A first important invention: from the above technical measures, a calculation formula for calculating the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond, as the first important invention, can be obtained: W=MN. 
     From the above formula, it can be seen that in order to make the diamond to get the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, the gross efficiency W of light total reflection of the diamond must be increased maximally, which can be achieved by maximally designing the area of the main crown facets to expand value of M and maximally designing the area of the main pavilion facets to expand value of N. In general, the main crown facets and the main pavilion facets are preferably designed as accounting for 90% of the area of its own portion, respectively. 
     The calculation formula, W=MN, is suitable to calculate the strength of the fire colour when one fire colour is reflected by each main pavilion facet of the diamond. 
     For example, the gross efficiency of light total reflection of “brilliant type of diamond” is calculated as follows: 
     The total reflection lighting rate of the main crown facets: the original total area of the crown portion is 100%, and the area of total reflection lighting of the actual main crown facets is calculated as 45%, i.e, the total reflection lighting rate is: 
         M= 45%÷100%=45%
 
     The total light reflection efficiency of the main pavilion facets: the original total area of the pavilion portion is 100%, and the effective area of total reflection of the actual thin arrow main pavilion facets is calculated as 15%, the effective area of total reflection lighting of the main crown facets is 45%; i.e, the total light reflection efficiency is N=15%÷45%=33%. 
     Then, the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond is W=MN=45%×33%=15%. That is to say, the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond is only 15%. Thus each main pavilion facet can only reflect a very small fire colour. This is because the value of M and the value of N of this diamond are too small and so make the value of the gross efficiency W of light total reflection too low (see  FIG. 4 ). 
     A third important technical measure: in order to make the diamond to get the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, it is particularly important to skillfully design angles of the main crown facet and the main pavilion facet. It is proved by experiments that: when the angle of the main crown facet is designed as of 37.5˜38.5 degrees and the angle of the main pavilion facet is designed as of 40.5˜41.5 degrees, the total reflection light can not only enter from the main crown facet and reflect fire colours from the main pavilion facet, but also enter from the table facet and reflect fire colours from the main pavilion facet, which enables each main pavilion facet of the diamond to reflect two equally powerful and beautiful fire colours. 
     A second important invention: from the above technical measures, a calculation formula for calculating the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond, as the second important invention, can be obtained: W=2 MN. 
     This calculation formula is suitable to calculate the strength of fire colours when the two equally powerful and beautiful fire colours are reflected by each main pavilion facet of the diamond. This calculation formula reveals the objective law that the diamond can radiate the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , for example, the “colourful and bright diamond” meets the requirements of the above second calculation formula and the main crown facet and the main pavilion facet are designed with maximized area and particular angles, thus it can reflect the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours. 
     The total reflection lighting rate of the main crown facets: the total area of the crown portion is designed as 100%, and the effective area of lighting of the main crown facets is 90% of its own portion, i.e, M=90%÷100%=90%. 
     The total light reflection efficiency of the main pavilion facets: the total area of the pavilion portion is designed as 100%, the effective area of lighting of the main crown facets is 90%, and the effective area of total reflection of the main pavilion facets is 90% of its own portion, i.e, N=90%÷90%=100%. 
     Then, the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond is W=2 MN=90%×100%×2=90%×2, i.e, the gross efficiency of light total reflection of the diamond is two 90%, thus each main pavilion facet can radiate two equally powerful and beautiful fire colours (see  FIG. 5 ). 
     Strength comparison of fire colours between “colourful and bright diamond” and “brilliant type of diamond”: 
     “Colourful and bright diamond”: “brilliant type of diamond”=90%×2:15%=12:1. 
     It is proved through the above comparison that the strength of fire colours of “colourful and bright diamond” is 12 times of that of “brilliant type of diamond”. 
     Through the achieved actual samples and “demonstrator”, people can clearly observe that: the technology of the invention can make the new diamond to radiate the biggest and the most beautiful fire colours, wherein not only colourless and light coloured diamonds can reflect colourful and dazzling light, but also coloured diamonds can release beauty shine of itself colour, obtaining great sublimation in their aesthetic value. 
     The above description is only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any change of style or replacement of material belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention patent.