Patent Publication Number: US-9846442-B2

Title: Functional element, electronic device, electronic apparatus, and moving object

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-013064 filed on Jan. 28, 2014. The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-013064 is hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Technical Field 
     The present invention relates to a functional element, an electronic device, an electronic apparatus, and a moving object each using the functional element. 
     2. Related Art 
     In recent years, a functional element using, for example, silicon MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) technology has been developed as a vibratory device. Further, there has been disclosed a gyro sensor (a capacitive MEMS gyro sensor element) for detecting an angular velocity using a gyro element as an example of the functional element. As an example of such a gyro sensor, there are provided a vibration system structure disposed on an X-Y plane out of the three axes (X axis, Y axis, and Z axis) perpendicular to each other, a substrate for supporting the vibration system structure, a drive device for the vibration system structure, and a detection device for detecting the angular velocity around the Y axis as the gyro sensor disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2012-83112 (Document 1) (see, e.g., Document 1). 
     In the gyro sensor described in Document 1, there has been used a capacitive MEMS gyro sensor element (hereinafter referred to as a “gyro sensor element”) which has a drive section including an extending section having a frame-like shape, and is provided with a driving spring section disposed outside the extending section, and a detection section and a detecting spring section for connecting the detection section to the extending section both disposed inside the extending section. In this gyro sensor element, the drive section vibrating in the X-axis direction vibrates in the Z-axis direction due to the angular velocity around the Y axis, and the angular velocity can be detected by the detection section detecting the variation in capacitance due to the vibration in the Z-axis direction. 
     However, in the gyro element described above, a machining error occurs in the dry etching process of the silicon structure constituting the gyro sensor, and thus, the cross-sectional shape, which should normally be a square or a rectangle, is formed to be a parallelogram. Since the cross-sectional shape of the silicon structure becomes a parallelogram as described above, a component (an oblique vibration) vibrating in directions perpendicular to an oblique side of the cross-section occurs in the driving vibration in the drive section vibrating in the X-axis direction. Since the oblique vibration in the drive section has the vibration component in the Z-axis direction, the oblique vibration propagates to the detection section due to a so-called vibration leakage phenomenon, which is a phenomenon that the driving vibration of the drive section propagates to the detection section, and thus, there is caused a so-called quadrature phenomenon that the detection section vibrates in the Z-axis direction as the vibration direction in which the angular velocity is detected. Due to this phenomenon, there are some cases in which the detection section detects the angular velocity despite no angular velocity occurs, or an error occurs in the angular velocity detected. In other words, there is a possibility of degrading the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. 
     SUMMARY 
     An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following aspects or application examples. 
     Application Example 1 
     A functional element according to this application example includes a support body, a detection section connected to the support body, and adapted to detect a vibration in a direction along a first axis assuming that two axes perpendicular to each other are the first axis and a second axis, and an axis parallel to a normal line of a plane including the first axis and the second axis is a third axis, at least one drive coupling section having a first part, which is connected to the support body and extends along the first axis, and a second part, which is connected to the first part, shorter than a dimension of the first part along the first axis, and extends along the second axis, and a mass section connected to the drive coupling section, and connected to the support body via the drive coupling section, and the mass section performs a drive vibration in a direction along the third axis. 
     According to this application example, it results that the vibration component, which is generated by the vibration component of the first vibrating body vibrating in the direction along the third axis propagating to the drive coupling sections having a parallelogram cross-sectional shape, has the principal component in the direction along the third axis, and includes the vibration component in the direction along the second axis. As described above, in the functional element according to this configuration, since the detection vibration of the detection section is in the direction along the first axis, even if the vibration component (in the direction along the third axis and the direction along the second axis) of the first vibrating body vibrating in the direction along the third axis propagates to the detection section via the drive coupling section, there is no chance of causing the detection vibration of the detection section, and thus, no detection error is caused. In other words, the functional element improved in the detection accuracy can be realized. 
     Further, the drive coupling section includes the first part, which extends along the first axis, and the second part, which is connected to the first part, extends along the second axis so as to be shorter than a dimension of the first part along the first axis, and is therefore easy to deflect in the direction along the second axis, but difficult to deflect in the direction along the first axis in which the long sides are formed. Therefore, even if the cross-sectional shape becomes a parallelogram, it is difficult to generate the vibration component in the direction along the first axis, and it becomes possible to further reduce the detection error in the detection section. 
     Further, since the drive coupling section is provided with the first part as the long side and the second part as a short side, the spring constant of the drive coupling section can be decreased to a lower level, and it becomes possible to efficiently perform the drive vibration of the mass section. In other words, it becomes possible to make the drive vibration easy to occur. 
     It should be noted that in the descriptions related to the invention, in the case of using the term. “above” in such a phrase as “a specific object (hereinafter referred to as “B”) is formed “above” another specific object (hereinafter referred to as “A”),” the term “above” is used intending to include both of the case of forming B directly on A and the case of forming B indirectly on A via another object. 
     Further, in the descriptions related to the invention, the term “planar view” is used as a term which means “a planar view viewed from a normal direction of a base surface of the base body on which the vibrating body is disposed.” 
     Application Example 2 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the functional element further includes a base body, and the detection section includes a detecting movable electrode extending from the support body in the direction along the second axis, and a detecting stationary electrode, which is opposed to the detecting movable electrode, extends in the direction along the second axis, and is supported by the base body. 
     According to this application example, the detection section includes the detecting movable electrode extending from the support body in the direction along the second axis and the detecting stationary electrode supported by the substrate in the direction along the second axis, and can therefore efficiently detect the vibration (displacement) of the first vibrating body in the direction along the first axis, and it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy. 
     Application Example 3 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the two drive coupling sections are disposed side by side in the direction along the first axis. 
     According to this application example, since the mass section (the first vibrating body) is connected to the support body with the two drive coupling sections arranged side by side along the first axis, the support posture of the mass section is stabilized, and thus, the drive vibration can be stabilized. Thus, it is possible to stably start up the vibration in the direction along the first axis in the case in which the angular velocity is applied, and it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy. 
     Application Example 4 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the drive coupling section includes a first drive coupling section and a second drive coupling section, the first drive coupling section is connected to one side of the mass section, and the second drive coupling section is connected to the other side of the mass section on an opposite side to the one side. 
     According to this application example, since the mass section is connected to the support body on both sides across the mass section (the first vibrating body) from each other, it becomes possible to further stabilize the support posture of the mass section. Thus, it is possible to further stabilize the drive vibration, and to stably start up the vibration in the direction along the first axis in the case in which the angular velocity is applied, and it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy. 
     Application Example 5 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the drive coupling section is configured to fulfill a relationship of (a spring constant in the direction along the third axis)&lt;(a spring constant in the direction along the first axis). 
     According to this application example, by setting the deflection in the direction along the first axis of the drive coupling section to be smaller than the deflection in the direction along the third direction, the abnormal vibration in the direction along the first axis propagating to the detection section is reduced and the detection accuracy in the direction along the first axis is improved. Therefore, it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. 
     Application Example 6 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the drive coupling section is configured to fulfill a relationship of (a spring constant in the direction along the second axis)&lt;(a spring constant in the direction along the first axis). 
     According to this application example, by setting the deflection in the direction along the first axis of the drive coupling section to be smaller than the deflection in the direction along the second direction, the abnormal vibration in the direction along the first axis propagating to the detection section is reduced and the detection accuracy in the direction along the first axis is improved. Therefore, it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. 
     Application Example 7 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the functional element further includes a drive electrode adapted to make the mass section perform the drive vibration, and a drive monitor electrode adapted to monitor the vibration of the mass section, and the drive electrode and the drive monitor electrode are each at least partially opposed to the mass section, and are supported by the base body. 
     According to this application example, the base body opposed to the mass section is provided with the drive electrode and the drive monitor electrode, and it is possible to monitor the vibration state of the mass section, which is vibrated by the drive electrode, using the variation in capacitance between the drive electrode and the drive monitor electrode, and then control the drive vibration of the mass section based on the result. Thus, the more stable drive vibration can be obtained. 
     Application Example 8 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the functional element further includes a second vibrating body arranged side by side with the first vibrating body in the direction along the first axis, and a vibrating body coupling section disposed between the first vibrating body and the second vibrating body to connect the first vibrating body and the second vibrating body to each other, and the first vibrating body and the second vibrating body are connected to the support body via the respective drive coupling sections. 
     According to this application example, the two vibrating bodies, namely the first vibrating body and the second vibrating body, are arranged side by side via the vibrating body coupling section. By making the respective vibrating bodies arranged in such a manner as described above perform the drive vibrations in the respective directions opposite to each other along the third axis, it becomes possible to cancel out the accelerations linearly applied thereto, and it becomes possible to more accurately detect the angular velocity in the rotational direction (the angular velocity around the second axis). 
     Application Example 9 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the second vibrating body includes a drive electrode adapted to make the mass section perform the drive vibration, and a drive monitor electrode adapted to monitor the vibration of the mass section, and the drive electrode and the drive monitor electrode are each at least partially opposed to the mass section, and are supported by the base body. 
     According to this application example, it is possible to cancel out the accelerations linearly applied thereto, and it is possible to monitor the vibration state of the mass section using the variation in capacitance of the drive monitor electrode, and to control the drive vibration of the mass section based on the result. Thus, it is possible to obtain a more stable drive vibration, and to more stably detect the angular velocity. 
     Application Example 10 
     In the functional element according to the application example described above, it is preferable that the functional element further includes a detection coupling section, which extends from the support body, and can be expanded and contracted in the direction along the first axis, and a spring constant in the direction along the third axis of the detection coupling section is higher than a spring constant in the direction along the third axis of the drive coupling section. 
     According to this application example, since the spring constant in the direction along the third axis of the detection coupling section is higher than the spring constant in the direction along the third axis of the drive coupling section, it becomes possible to suppress the vibration of the support section in the direction along the third axis. 
     Application Example 11 
     An electronic device according to this application example includes the functional element according to any one of the application examples described above, and a package housing the functional element. 
     According to this application example, since the functional element improved in the detection accuracy is housed in the package, it is possible to prevent the functional element from deteriorating, and it is possible to provide an electronic device capable of keeping the high detection accuracy. 
     Application Example 12 
     An electronic apparatus according to this application example includes the functional element according to any one of the application examples described above. 
     According to this application example, due to the accurate detection performed by using the functional element improved in detection accuracy, the electronic apparatus with more stable characteristics can be provided. 
     Application Example 13 
     A moving object according to this application example includes the functional element according to any one of the application examples described above. 
     According to this application example, due to the accurate detection performed by using the functional element improved in detection accuracy, the moving object with more stable characteristics can be provided. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements. 
         FIG. 1  is a plan view schematically showing a gyro sensor according to a first embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the gyro sensor according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the gyro sensor according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a vibration direction of a vibrating body coupling section of the embodiment. 
         FIGS. 5A and 5B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the first embodiment. 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the first embodiment. 
         FIG. 7  is a plan view schematically showing a gyro sensor according to a second embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the gyro sensor according to the second embodiment. 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the second embodiment. 
         FIGS. 10A and 10B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the second embodiment. 
         FIGS. 11A and 11B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the second embodiment. 
         FIGS. 12A and 12B  are diagrams for explaining an operation of the gyro sensor according to the second embodiment. 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view for explaining an operation of a gyro sensor according to a modified example. 
         FIGS. 14A and 14B  are cross-sectional views schematically showing a manufacturing process of a gyro sensor. 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a mobile personal computer as an example of the electronic apparatus. 
         FIG. 16  is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a cellular phone as an example of the electronic apparatus. 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a digital still camera as an example of the electronic apparatus. 
         FIG. 18  is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a vehicle as an example of a moving object. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
     Hereinafter, some preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments described below do not unreasonably limit the contents of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. Further, all of the constituents explained hereinafter are not necessarily essential elements of the invention. 
     1. Gyro Sensor 
     1-1. Configuration of Gyro Sensor According to First Embodiment 
     Firstly, a gyro sensor according to a first embodiment of the invention as an electronic device using a gyro element as a functional element will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.  FIG. 1  is a plan view schematically showing the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view along the A-A line shown in  FIG. 1  and schematically showing the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment.  FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view along the B-B line shown in  FIG. 1  and schematically showing the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment. It should be noted that in  FIGS. 1 through 3 , an X axis (a first axis), a Y axis (a second axis), and a Z axis (a third axis) are shown as three axes perpendicular to each other. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 through 3 , the gyro sensor  100  includes a base body  10  and a gyro element  5  as the functional element. The gyro element  5  as the functional element includes a vibrating body  20  as a first vibrating body, detection coupling sections  30 , and detection sections  50 . The gyro element  5  is housed in a cavity  82  surrounded by the base body  10  and a lid body  80 . The gyro element  5  is disposed above the base body  10  via a gap (a recessed section  14 ). The gyro element  5  is supported by fixation sections  15  provided to a first surface  11  of the base body  10  (on the base body  10 ) via the detection coupling sections  30 . In the gyro sensor  100 , the detection sections  50  constituting the gyro element  5  each correspond to a gyro sensor element (a capacitive MEMS gyro sensor element) for detecting the angular velocity around the Y axis. It should be noted that in  FIG. 1 , the graphical description is presented seeing through the base body  10  and the lid body  80  for the sake of convenience. Further, a view from the normal direction of the first surface  11  (see  FIG. 2 ) as a base surface of the base body  10  on which the vibrating body  20  is disposed, namely viewing the vibrating body  20  supported by the base body  10  from above, is hereinafter referred to as a “planar view.” 
     The material of the base body  10  is, for example, glass or silicon. As shown in  FIG. 2 , the base body  10  has the first surface  11 , and a second surface  11   b  on the opposite side to the first surface  11 . The first surface  11  is provided with the recessed section  14 . Above the recessed section  14 , there are disposed the vibrating body  20  (a mass section  41 , drive coupling sections  45 , and a support body  12 ), the detection coupling sections  30 , and the detection sections  50  via a gap. Due to the recessed section  14 , the vibrating body  20 , the detection coupling sections  30 , and the detection sections  50  can move in a desired direction without being hindered by the base body  10 . The planar shape (the shape viewed from the Z-axis direction) of the recessed section  14  is not particularly limited, but is a rectangular shape in the example shown in  FIG. 1 . The recessed section  14  is formed using, for example, a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , the base body  10  has the fixation sections  15  arbitrarily provided to the first surface  11  in accordance with the configuration of the vibrating body  20 . The fixation sections  15  are each a part, to which one end of the detection coupling section  30  for supporting the vibrating body  20  is fixed (bonded), and which supports the vibrating body  20  via the detection coupling section  30 . As shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed across the vibrating body  20  from each other in the X-axis direction. Further, as shown in  FIG. 1 , the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed across the vibrating body  20  from each other in the Y-axis direction. In other words, the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed at two places, or at four places. 
     The method of fixing (bonding) the first surface  11  (the base body  10 ) of the fixation sections  15  to the detection coupling sections  30 , first detecting stationary electrodes  54 , second detecting stationary electrodes  55 , and so on described later is not particularly limited, but in the case in which the material of the base body  10  is glass, and the material of the vibrating body  20  and so on is silicon, anodic bonding can be applied. 
     The vibrating body  20  as the first vibrating body is supported by the first surface  11  of the base body  10  (above the base body  10 ) via the detection coupling sections  30 . As shown in  FIG. 1 , the vibrating body  20  has the mass section  41  (a drive section  40 ), the drive coupling sections  45 , and the support body  12  (first support section  12   a , second support section  12   b ). The material of the vibrating body  20  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The vibrating body  20  is formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     The vibrating body  20  is supported by the fixation sections  15  via the detection coupling sections  30 , and is disposed so as to be separated from the base body  10 . More specifically, the vibrating body  20  is disposed above the base body  10  via the gap (the recessed section  14 ). The vibrating body  20  has, for example, the support body  12  having a frame-like shape (a square shape). As shown in  FIG. 1 , the vibrating body  20  can also have a shape symmetric about the A-A line (a straight line along the X axis) or the C-C line (a straight line along the Y axis). 
     The detection coupling sections  30  are each configured so that the vibrating body  20  can be displaced in the X-axis direction. More specifically, the detection coupling sections  30  each have a shape extending in the X-axis direction from the fixation section  15  to the vibrating body  20  while reciprocating in the Y-axis direction. One end of each of the detection coupling sections  30  is bonded (fixed) to the fixation section  15  (the first surface  11  of the base body  10 ). Further, the other end of each of the detection coupling sections  30  is connected to the vibrating body  20 . In the example shown in the drawings, there are disposed four detection coupling sections  30  across the vibrating body  20  from each other in the X-axis direction. 
     Further, the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the detection coupling sections  30  is set to be higher than the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the drive coupling sections  45 . By setting the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the detection coupling sections  30  to be higher than the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the drive coupling sections  45  as described above, it becomes possible to inhibit the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) from vibrating in the Z-axis direction. 
     The material of the detection coupling sections  30  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The detection coupling sections  30  are formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) integrally with the vibrating body  20  using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     The drive section  40  is disposed on the inner side of the support body  12  having a frame-like shape in the planar view. The drive section  40  has a mechanism capable of exciting the vibration of the mass section  41  of the vibrating body  20 . The drive section  40  is provided with the mass section  41  connected to the support body  12  via the drive coupling sections  45 , a drive electrode  42  disposed on the base body  10  at a position opposed to the mass section  41  so as to have a frame-like shape, and a drive monitor electrode  43  disposed on the base body  10  on the inner side of the drive electrode  42  having the frame-like shape so as to be opposed to the mass section  41 . 
     The drive coupling sections  45  are each provided with long sides  451  as a first part each disposed along the X axis so as to have a thin-width shape. Further, the drive coupling sections  45  can also be provided with the long sides  451  extending along the X axis, and bent sections (short sides  452  as a second part) where the long sides  451  are folded so as to extend along the X axis in parallel to each other. It should be noted that the number of the bent sections is not particularly limited. Since such long sides  451  are provided, the drive coupling sections  45  are easy to deflect in the Y-axis direction as the thin-width direction, and difficult to deflect in the X-axis direction as the long-side direction. Therefore, the vibration component in the X-axis direction is difficult to occur in the drive coupling sections  45 , and it is possible to prevent the vibration component in the X-axis direction out of the vibration of the drive section  40  from propagating through the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) and then propagating to the detection sections  50 . Thus, it becomes possible to decrease the detection error in the detection sections  50  due to the vibration leakage phenomenon from the drive section  40 . 
     Further, the drive coupling sections  45  can be configured so as to fulfill the relationship of (the spring constant in the Z-axis direction)&lt;(the spring constant in the X-axis direction) and (the spring constant in the Y-axis direction)&lt;(the spring constant in the X-axis direction). By adopting such a configuration of the spring constants of the drive coupling sections  45  as described above, it becomes possible to set the deflection in the X-axis direction of the drive coupling sections  45  to be smaller than those in other directions (the Z-axis direction, the Y-axis direction) to thereby decrease an abnormal vibration such as the vibration leakage in the X-axis direction propagating to the detection sections  50  to improve the detection accuracy in the X-axis direction in which the angular velocity is detected to thereby improve the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. 
     Further, even in the case in which the structure is provided with a parallelogram shape due to the etching process for forming the gyro element  5  including the vibrating body  20  and so on as shown in  FIG. 4 , since the long sides extending along the X axis are provided as described above, it results that the deflection direction of the drive coupling sections  45  includes a component in the X-axis direction and a component in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, since the vibration component in the X-axis direction, in which the detection sections  50  described later detect the angular velocity, does not occur, it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. It should be noted that  FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view obtained by cutting the drive coupling section  45  at the position of and from the direction of the B-B line shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     It is possible to dispose two drive coupling sections (a first drive coupling section  45   a  and a second drive coupling section  45   b ) side by side across the vibrating body  20  from each other in the X-axis direction. Since the mass section  41  is connected to the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a ) with the two drive coupling sections  45  (the first drive coupling section  45   a  and the second drive coupling section  45   b ) along the X-axis direction, the support posture in the X-axis direction of the mass section  41  can be stabilized. 
     Further, the drive coupling sections  45  can also be arranged across the mass section  41  from each other in the Y-axis direction. Specifically, the first drive coupling section  45   a  and the second drive coupling section  45   b  are connected to one side of the mass section  41 , and a third drive coupling section  45   c  and a fourth drive coupling section  45   d  are connected to the other side of the mass section  41  on the opposite side to the one side. As described above, the mass section  41  is connected to the first support section  12   a  (the support body  12 ) via the first drive coupling section  45   a  and the second drive coupling section  45   b  on the one side, and is connected to the second support section  12   b  (the support body  12 ) via the third drive coupling section  45   c  and the fourth drive coupling section  45   d  on the other side. Since the mass section  41  is connected to the support body  12  in such a manner as described above, it becomes possible to further stabilize the support posture of the mass section  41  in a plane direction including the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Thus, the drive vibration of the mass section  41  can further be stabilized. 
     The mass section  41  has a function of a movable electrode, and is electrically connected to the power supply not shown. When a voltage is applied to the mass section  41  and the drive electrode  42  described later, it is possible to generate an electrostatic force between the mass section  41  and the drive electrode  42 . Due to the electrostatic force, it is possible to make the mass section  41  vibrate along the Z axis using the drive coupling sections  45  as supporting points. 
     The material of the mass section  41  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The mass section  41  is formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) integrally with the vibrating body  20  using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     The drive electrode  42  is an electrode for driving the mass section  41 , and is disposed so as to at least partially be opposed to the mass section  41 , and is bonded to the bottom surface  11   a  of the recessed section  14  provided to the base body  10 . The drive electrode  42  of the present embodiment is disposed so as to have a roughly rectangular frame-like shape along the outer edge portion of the mass section  41 . The drive electrode  42  is electrically connected to a connection terminal  48  disposed on the outer side of the support body  12  in the planar view via a connection wiring line  44 , and is further electrically connected to a power supply not shown. 
     The drive monitor electrode  43  is an electrode for monitoring the vibration state of the mass section  41  to control the vibration. The drive monitor electrode  43  is disposed so as to at least partially be opposed to the mass section  41 , and is bonded to the bottom surface  11   a  of the recessed section  14  provided to the base body  10 . The drive monitor electrode  43  of the present embodiment is disposed so as to have a roughly rectangular shape opposed to a central portion of the mass section  41 . The drive monitor electrode  43  is electrically connected to a connection terminal  47  disposed on the outer side of the support body  12  in the planar view via a connection wiring line  46 . The drive monitor electrode  43  detects and monitors a variation in capacitance with the mass section  41 , and can control the drive vibration of the mass section  41  based on the result. Thus, the more stable drive vibration of the mass section  41  can be obtained. 
     The drive electrode  42  and the drive monitor electrode  43  are formed by depositing a transparent electrode material such as ITO (indium tin oxide) or ZnO (zinc oxide) using a sputtering process, and then pattering the result using a photolithography process, an etching process, and so on. It should be noted that as the material of the drive electrode  42  and a drive monitor electrode  43 , there can also be used metal materials such as gold (Au), gold alloy, platinum (Pt), aluminum (Al), aluminum alloy, silver (Ag), silver alloy, chromium (Cr), chromium alloy, copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), tungsten (W), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), or zirconium (Zr) besides the transparent electrode material. Further, in the case in which the base body  10  is made of a semiconductor material such as silicon, it is preferable to provide an insulating layer disposed between the base body  10  and the drive electrode  42  or the drive monitor electrode  43 . As the material of the insulating layer, there can be used, for example, SiO2 (silicon oxide), AlN (aluminum nitride), and SiN (silicon nitride). 
     The detection sections  50  are respectively disposed on the outer side of the first support section  12   a  and the second support section  12   b  of the support body  12  of the vibrating body  20 . In other words, the detection sections  50  are disposed on the opposite side of the first support section  12   a  and the second support section  12   b , respectively, to the side on which the vibrating body  20  is disposed. The detection sections  50  each have detecting movable electrodes  53  as movable electrodes, first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and second detecting stationary electrodes  55  as detecting stationary electrodes. 
     The detecting movable electrodes  53  extend from each of the first support section  12   a  and the second support section  12   b  toward the outer side along the Y-axis direction so as to forma thin-width shape (a rectangular rod shape). The number of the detecting movable electrodes  53  is two or more, and the detecting movable electrodes  53  are arranged side by side with gaps in the X-axis direction. It should be noted that the number of the detecting movable electrodes  53  is not particularly limited. 
     The first detecting stationary electrode  54  and the second detecting stationary electrode  55  as the detecting stationary electrodes are disposed on both sides in the X-axis direction of the detecting movable electrode  53  intervening therebetween so as to extend in the Y-axis direction while being opposed to the detecting movable electrode  53 . The first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  are bonded (fixed) to the first surface  11  of the base body  10 . In the example shown in the drawings, the plurality of first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the plurality of second detecting stationary electrodes  55  are disposed so as to correspond respectively to the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and are disposed so as to be opposed to each other via the respective detecting movable electrodes  53 . In other words, the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  are disposed so as not to overlap the detecting movable electrodes  53  in the planar view. Further, the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  are electrically connected to a connection terminal  58  via a wiring section  56 . Further, the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  are connected to a detection connecting section  57 , and are electrically connected to an external terminal not shown. 
     As described above, since the detection sections  50  each have the detecting movable electrodes  53  disposed so as to extend from the support body  12  along the Y-axis direction, and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  supported by a substrate along the Y-axis direction, the detection sections  50  can efficiently detect the vibration (displacement) of the vibrating body  20  in the X-axis direction generated when the angular velocity acts thereon, and it becomes possible to improve the detection accuracy of the angular velocity. 
     In the case in which a Coriolis force corresponding to the angular velocity is exerted on the mass section  41 , the detection sections  50  can detect the vibration in the X-axis direction generated in the mass section  41  using the capacitance variation to calculate the Coriolis force corresponding to the angular velocity. Specifically, when the Coriolis force is exerted on the mass section  41  in the X-axis direction, the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a  and the second support section  12   b ) and the detecting movable electrodes  53  disposed so as to extend from the support body  12  also vibrate in the X-axis direction accordingly via the drive coupling sections  45 . Thus, it is possible to detect the capacitance variation generated between the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  to calculate the capacitance variation as the angular velocity. 
     The material of the detection sections  50  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The detection sections  50  are formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) integrally with, or separately from the vibrating body  20  using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     The lid body  80  is disposed on the base body  10 . The base body  10  and the lid body  80  can constitute a package as shown in  FIGS. 2 and 3 . The base body  10  and the lid body  80  can form the cavity  82 , and it is possible to house the gyro element  5  including the vibrating body  20  and so on in the cavity  82 . The cavity  82  can be sealed in, for example, an inert gas (e.g., a nitrogen gas) atmosphere, or a vacuum atmosphere. 
     The material of the lid body  80  is, for example, silicon or glass. The method of bonding the lid body  80  and the base body  10  to each other is not particularly limited, but in the case in which, for example, the material of the base body  10  is glass, and the material of the lid body  80  is silicon, the base body  10  and the lid body  80  can anodically be bonded to each other. Further, the bonding portion between the base body  10  and the lid body  80  can be filled with an adhesive material or the like. 
     1-2. Operation of Gyro Sensor According to First Embodiment 
     Then, an operation of the gyro sensor  100  will be explained with reference to the drawings.  FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A , and  6 B are diagrams for schematically explaining the operation of the gyro sensor  100 , wherein  FIGS. 5A and 6A  are plan views showing a general configuration, and  FIGS. 5B and 6B  are front cross-sectional view showing the general configuration. It should be noted that in  FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A, and 6B , the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are shown as the three axes perpendicular to each other. Further, in  FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A , and  6 B, each of the constituents of the gyro sensor  100  is shown in a simplified manner for the sake of convenience. 
     As described above, in the vibration mode of the gyro sensor  100 , due to the electrostatic force generated between the mass section  41  constituting the vibrating body  20  as a first vibrating body and the drive electrode  42 , the mass section  41  can reciprocate along the Z axis. More specifically, an alternating voltage is applied between the mass section  41  provided to the vibrating body  20  and the drive electrode  42 . Thus, it is possible to make the mass section  41  vibrate along the Z axis at a predetermined frequency. 
     In the example shown in  FIGS. 5A and 5B , the mass section  41  is displaced alternately in an α 1  direction (+Z-axis direction) and an α 2  direction (−Z-axis direction) at a predetermined frequency. On this occasion, the drive coupling sections  45  connecting the mass section  41  to the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) is displaced along the Z axis using the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) as supporting points due to the vibration of the mass section  41 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , if the angular velocity ω around the Y axis is applied to the gyro sensor  100  in the state in which the mass section  41  is vibrating along the Z axis, the Coriolis force acts on the mass section  41 , and the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) and the detecting movable electrodes  53  disposed so as to extend from the support body  12  are also displaced in the X-axis direction accordingly via the drive coupling sections  45 . In the example shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B , the detecting movable electrodes  53  are displaced in a β 1  direction. 
     Since the detecting movable electrodes  53  are displaced along the X axis, the distance L between the detecting movable electrodes  53  and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  or the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  varies. In other words, the distance L 1  in  FIG. 5A  changes to the distance L 2  in  FIG. 6A . Therefore, the capacitance between the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  varies. In the gyro sensor  100 , by applying a voltage to the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55 , it is possible to detect the variation in the capacitance between the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  to obtain the angular velocity ω around the Y axis. 
     According to the gyro sensor  100  related to the first embodiment, there are included the vibrating body  20  (the mass section  41 ) vibrating in the Z-axis direction and the detection sections  50  for detecting the displacement in the X-axis direction caused by the angular velocity ω around the Y axis. It results that the vibration component, which is generated by the vibration component of the vibrating body  20  (the mass section  41 ) vibrating in the Z-axis direction propagating to the drive coupling sections  45  having a parallelogram cross-sectional shape, has the principal component in the Z-axis direction, and includes the vibration component in the Y-axis direction. According to the gyro element  5  constituting the gyro sensor  100 , since the displacement direction detected by the detection sections  50  is the X-axis direction, even if the vibration component (in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) of the vibrating body  20  vibrating in the Z-axis direction propagates to the detection sections  50  via the drive coupling sections  45 , there is no chance of causing the displacement (the detection vibration) of the detection sections  50 , and thus, no detection error is caused. In other words, the gyro element  5  improved in the detection accuracy can be realized. 
     Further, the drive coupling sections  45  in the gyro element  5  each have the long sides disposed along the X-axis direction, and are therefore easy to deflect in the Y-axis direction the width in which is narrow, but difficult to deflect in the X-axis direction in which the long sides extend. Therefore, even if the cross-sectional shape is changed to a parallelogram, the vibration component in the X-axis direction is difficult to occur. In other words, it is possible to prevent the vibration component in the X-axis direction out of the vibration of the drive section  40  from propagating through the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) and then propagating to the detection sections  50 . Thus, it becomes possible to decrease the detection error in the detection sections  50  due to the vibration leakage phenomenon from the drive section  40 . 
     1-3. Configuration of Gyro Sensor According to Second Embodiment 
     A gyro sensor according to a second embodiment of the invention as an electronic device using a gyro element as a functional element will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.  FIG. 7  is a plan view schematically showing the gyro sensor  102  according to the second embodiment.  FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view along the A-A line shown in  FIG. 7  and schematically showing the gyro sensor  102  according to the second embodiment. It should be noted that in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , the X axis (a first direction), the Y axis (a second direction), and the Z axis (a third direction) are shown as three axes perpendicular to each other. Further, hereinafter the constituents substantially the same as those of the first embodiment described above will be denoted with the same reference symbols, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , the gyro sensor  102  according to the second embodiment includes the base body  10  and a gyro element  5   b  as the functional element. The gyro element  5   b  as the functional element includes a vibrating body  20   b , the detection coupling sections  30 , and the detection sections  50 . It should be noted that the vibrating body  20   b  is provided with a first vibrating body  21  and a second vibrating body  22  arranged side by side along the X-axis direction. The gyro element  5   b  is housed in the cavity  82  surrounded by the base body  10  and the lid body  80 . The gyro element  5   b  is disposed above the base body  10  via the gap (the recessed section  14 ). The gyro element  5   b  is supported by the fixation sections  15  provided to the first surface  11  of the base body  10  (on the base body  10 ) via the detection coupling sections  30 . In the gyro sensor  102 , the detection sections  50  constituting the gyro element  5   b  each correspond to the gyro sensor element (the capacitive MEMS gyro sensor element) for detecting the angular velocity around the Y axis. It should be noted that in  FIG. 7 , the graphical description is presented seeing through the base body  10  and the lid body  80  for the sake of convenience. Further, a view from the normal direction of the first surface  11  (see  FIG. 8 ) as the base surface of the base body  10  on which the vibrating body  20   b  is disposed, namely viewing the vibrating body  20   b  supported by the base body  10  from above, is hereinafter referred to as a “planar view.” 
     The material of the base body  10  is, for example, glass or silicon. As shown in  FIG. 8 , the base body  10  has the first surface  11 , and the second surface  11   b  on the opposite side to the first surface  11 . The first surface  11  is provided with the recessed section  14 . Above the recessed section  14 , there are disposed the vibrating body  20   b  (the first vibrating body  21 , the second vibrating body  22 , and a vibrating body coupling section  60 ), the detection coupling sections  30 , and the detection sections  50  via a gap. Due to the recessed section  14 , the vibrating body  20   b  can move in a desired direction without being hindered by the base body  10 . The planar shape (the shape viewed from the Z-axis direction) of the recessed section  14  is not particularly limited, but is a rectangular shape in the example shown in  FIG. 7 . The recessed section  14  is formed using, for example, a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     As shown in  FIG. 8 , the base body  10  has the fixation sections  15  arbitrarily provided to the first surface  11  in accordance with the configuration of the vibrating body  20   b . The fixation sections  15  are each a part, to which one end of the detection coupling section  30  for supporting the vibrating body  20   b  is fixed (bonded), and which supports the vibrating body  20   b  via the detection coupling section  30 . As shown in  FIG. 7 , the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed respectively across the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  from each other in the X-axis direction. Further, the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed respectively across the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  from each other in the Y-axis direction. In other words, the fixation sections  15  can also be disposed at four places, or at eight places. 
     Further, the base body  10  has a second fixation section  61  provided to the first surface  11  in accordance with the configuration of the vibrating body  20   b . The second fixation sections  61  is a part, to which one end of an elastic body  63  constituting the vibrating body coupling section  60  of the vibrating body  20   b  is fixed (bonded), and which supports the vibrating body coupling section  60  via the elastic body  63 . The second fixation section  61  is disposed so as to support at least the elastic body  63 . 
     The method of fixing (bonding) the first surface  11  (the base body  10 ) of the fixation sections  15  and the second fixation section  61  to the detection coupling sections  30 , the first detecting stationary electrodes  54 , the second detecting stationary electrodes  55 , and so on described later is not particularly limited, but in the case in which the material of the base body  10  is glass, and the material of the vibrating body  20   b  and so on is silicon, anodic bonding can be applied. 
     The first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  constituting the vibrating body  20   b  are arranged side by side in a direction (a first axis direction) along the X axis, and is coupled to each other with the vibrating body coupling section  60 . Further, the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are supported by the fixation sections  15  via the detection coupling sections  30 , and are disposed so as to be separated from the base body  10 . More specifically, the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are disposed above the base body  10  via the gap (the recessed section  14 ). The first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are each provided with, for example, the support body  12  having a frame-like shape (a square shape). As shown in  FIG. 7 , it is also possible for the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  to have shapes symmetric about a boundary line C-C (a line disposed along the Y axis) between the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 . The material of the vibrating body  20   b  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The vibrating body  20   b  is formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     The vibrating body coupling section  60  is configured so that the mass sections  41  in the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  can be displaced in the Z-axis direction. More specifically, the vibrating body coupling section  60  has coupling beam sections  62  extending from the respective mass sections  41  in the direction along the X axis, and the elastic body  63  extending from end portions of the respective coupling beam sections  62  in directions along the Y axis and reciprocating in the Y-axis direction in an area between the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 . Thus, the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  can vibrate in the Z-axis direction in respective phases opposite to each other. 
     The elastic body  63  extends from the coupling beam sections  62  in directions along the Y axis so as to form a plurality of beam-like shapes, and is fixed (bonded) to the second fixation section  61 . Specifically, as shown in  FIG. 7 , one end of the central beam of the elastic body  63  is bonded (fixed) to the second fixation section  61  (the first surface  11  of the base body  10 ). The configuration of the elastic body  63  is not limited as long as the elastic body  63  can elastically deform in directions (directions in which the vibrating body  20   b  vibrates) along the Z axis at a predetermined spring constant. 
     The detection coupling sections  30  are each configured so that the vibrating body  20   b  can be displaced in the X-axis direction. More specifically, the detection coupling sections  30  each have a shape extending in the X-axis direction from the fixation section  15  to the vibrating body  20   b  (the first vibrating body  21  or the second vibrating body  22 ) while reciprocating in the Y-axis direction. One end of each of the detection coupling sections  30  is bonded (fixed) to the fixation section  15  (the first surface  11  of the base body  10 ). Further, the other end of each of the detection coupling sections  30  is connected to the support body  12  of the vibrating body  20   b  (the first vibrating body  21  or the second vibrating body  22 ). In the example shown in the drawings, there are disposed eight detection coupling sections  30  respectively across the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  from each other in the X-axis direction. 
     The material of the detection coupling sections  30  is, for example, silicon provided with electrical conductivity by doping impurities such as phosphorus or boron. The detection coupling sections  30  are formed by, for example, processing a silicon substrate (not shown) integrally with the vibrating body  20   b  using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     Further, the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the detection coupling sections  30  is set to be higher than the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the drive coupling sections  45 . By setting the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the detection coupling sections  30  to be higher than the spring constant in the Z-axis direction of the drive coupling sections  45  as described above, it becomes possible to inhibit the support body  12  (the first support section  12   a , the second support section  12   b ) from vibrating in the Z-axis direction. 
     The drive section  40  is disposed on the inner side of the support body  12  of each of the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  in the planar view. The drive section  40  has a mechanism capable of exciting the vibration of the mass section  41  of the vibrating body  20   b , and is provided with the mass section  41  connected to the support body  12  via the drive coupling sections  45 , the drive electrode  42  disposed on the base body  10  at a position opposed to the mass section  41  so as to have a frame-like shape, and the drive monitor electrode  43  disposed on the base body  10  on the inner side of the drive electrode  42  having the frame-like shape so as to be opposed to the mass section  41 . It should be noted that since the drive coupling sections  45 , the mass section  41 , the drive electrode  42 , and the drive monitor electrode  43  constituting the drive section  40  are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, the detailed explanation of the configuration and the advantage thereof will be omitted. 
     The detection sections  50  are disposed on the outer side of the vibrating body  20   b  (the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 ). In other words, the detection sections  50  are disposed on the opposite side to the side, on which the vibrating body  20   b  is disposed, with respect to the first support section  12   a  or the second support section  12   b  provided to each of the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 . The detection sections  50  each have the detecting movable electrodes  53  as the movable electrodes connected to the first support section  12   a  or the second support section  12   b , the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  as the detecting stationary electrodes. It should be noted that since the detecting movable electrodes  53 , the first detecting stationary electrodes  54 , and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  constituting the detection section  50  are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, the detailed explanation of the configuration and the advantage thereof will be omitted. 
     The lid body  80  is disposed on the base body  10 . The base body  10  and the lid body  80  can constitute a package as shown in  FIG. 8 . The base body  10  and the lid body  80  can form the cavity  82 , and it is possible to house the gyro element  5   b  including the vibrating body  20   b  and so on in the cavity  82 . The cavity  82  can be sealed in, for example, an inert gas (e.g., a nitrogen gas) atmosphere, or a vacuum atmosphere. 
     The material of the lid body  80  is, for example, silicon or glass. The method of bonding the lid body  80  and the base body  10  to each other is not particularly limited, but in the case in which, for example, the material of the base body  10  is glass, and the material of the lid body  80  is silicon, the base body  10  and the lid body  80  can anodically be bonded to each other. Further, the bonding portion between the base body  10  and the lid body  80  can be filled with an adhesive material or the like. 
     1-4. Operation of Gyro Sensor According to Second Embodiment 
     Then, an operation of the gyro sensor  102  will be explained with reference to the drawings.  FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B, 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B  are diagrams for schematically explaining the operation of the gyro sensor  102 . It should be noted that in  FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, 10B, 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B , the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are shown as the three axes perpendicular to each other. Further, in  FIGS. 9A ,  9 B,  10 A,  10 B,  11 A,  11 B,  12 A, and  12 B, each of the constituents of the gyro sensor  102  is shown in a simplified manner for the sake of convenience. Further, in  FIGS. 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B , among the detection sections  50 , those located on the first vibrating body  21  side are referred to as first detection sections  50   a , and those located on the second vibrating body  22  side are referred to as second detection sections  50   b.    
     As described above, in the vibration mode of the gyro sensor  102 , the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are excited by the drive section  40 , and can perform the drive vibrations in respective phases opposite (reverse) to each other. More specifically, a first alternating voltage is applied between the mass section  41  and the drive electrode  42  provided to the first vibrating body  21 , and a second alternating voltage having a phase 180 degrees shifted from that of the first alternating voltage is applied between the mass section  41  and the drive electrode  42  of the second vibrating body  22 . Thus, it is possible to vibrate the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  in respective phases opposite (reverse) to each other at a predetermined frequency along the Z axis. In other words, the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  connected to each other along the X axis vibrate along the Z axis in the respective phases opposite to each other. In other words, the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are displaced along the Z axis in respective directions opposite to each other. 
     In the example shown in  FIGS. 9A and 9B , the first drive vibrating body  21  is displaced in the α 1  direction (+Z-axis direction), and the second vibrating body  22  is displaced in the α 2  direction (−Z-axis direction) opposite to the α 1  direction. In the example shown in  FIGS. 10A and 10B , the first vibrating body  21  is displaced in the α 2  direction, and the second vibrating body  22  is displaced in the α 1  direction. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 11A, 11B, 12A, and 12B , if the angular velocity ω around the Y axis is applied to the gyro sensor  102  in the state in which the mass sections  41  in the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22  are vibrating along the Z axis, the Coriolis force acts on the mass sections  41 , and the support bodies  12  (the first support sections  12   a , the second support sections  12   b ) and the detecting movable electrodes  53  disposed so as to extend from the respective support bodies  12  are also displaced along the X-axis direction accordingly via the drive coupling sections  45 . In other words, the detecting movable electrodes  53  coupled to the first vibrating body  21  and the detecting movable electrodes  53  coupled to the second vibrating body  22  are displaced along the X axis in respective directions opposite to each other. In the example shown in  FIGS. 11A and 11B , the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the first detection section  50   a  side are displaced in a β 1  direction, and the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the second detection section  50   b  side are displaced in a β 2  direction opposite to the β 1  direction. In the example shown in  FIGS. 12A and 12B , the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the first detection section  50   a  side are displaced in the β 2  direction, and the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the second detection section  50   b  side are displaced in the β 1  direction. 
     By the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the first detection section  50   a  side and the detecting movable electrodes  53  on the second detection  50   b  side being displaced along the X axis, the distance between the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  or the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  varies. Therefore, the capacitance between the detection movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  varies. In the gyro sensor  102 , by applying a voltage to the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55 , it is possible to detect the variation in the capacitance between the detecting movable electrodes  53 , and the first detecting stationary electrodes  54  and the second detecting stationary electrodes  55  to obtain the angular velocity ω around the Y axis. 
     According to the gyro sensor  102  related to the second embodiment, the following advantages can be obtained in addition to the advantages of the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment described above. In the gyro sensor  102  according to the second embodiment, the two vibrating bodies, namely the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 , are arranged side by side via the vibrating body coupling section  60 . By making the vibrating bodies (the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 ) arranged in such a manner as described above perform the drive vibration in the respective directions opposite to each other, and then calculating the angular velocity based on measurement values measured for the respective vibrating bodies, it becomes possible to cancel out the acceleration applied linearly. Therefore, it becomes possible for the gyro sensor  102  to more accurately detect the angular velocity ω around the Y axis without being affected by the acceleration. 
     Further, in the gyro sensor  102 , the elastic body  63  can elastically deform in the vibration directions of the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 , and can therefore support the vibrating body coupling section  60  without hindering the vibration energy exchange between the first vibrating body  21  and the second vibrating body  22 . 
     According to the gyro sensor  102 , by providing the elastic body  63  fixed (anchored) to the second fixation section  61 , it is possible to separate the common-mode drive frequency away from the reverse-phase-mode drive frequency in the vibration mode of the drive system. Thus, it becomes possible to suppress generation of the common-mode vibration in the gyro sensor  102 . 
     1-5. Configuration of Gyro Sensor According to Modified Example 
     A gyro sensor according to a modified example using the functional element according to the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.  FIG. 13  is a plan view schematically showing the gyro sensor  104  according to the modified example, and is a diagram showing the same state viewed from the same direction as in  FIG. 1 . The gyro sensor  104  according to the present modified example has a configuration different in the arrangement position of the detection section constituting the gyro element from the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment described above. Therefore, the explanation here is presented with a focus on the arrangement of the detection section, and the constituents substantially the same as those of the first embodiment will be denoted with the same reference symbols, and the explanation thereof will be omitted. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the gyro sensor  104  according to the modified example includes the base body  10  and a gyro element  5   c  as the functional element. The gyro element  5   c  as the functional element includes a vibrating body  20   c , the detection coupling sections  30 , and detection sections  500 . In the gyro element  5   c , the detection sections  500  each correspond to a gyro sensor element (a capacitive MEMS gyro sensor element) for detecting the angular velocity around the Y axis. 
     The detection sections  500  are each disposed on the outer side of apart located along the Y axis out of the support body  12  having a frame-like shape constituting the vibrating body  20   c , namely on an opposite side to the side, on which the vibrating body  20   c  is disposed, with respect to the support body  12 . The detection sections  500  each have detecting movable electrodes  553  as the movable electrodes, and detecting stationary electrodes  555 . 
     The detecting movable electrodes  553  are each disposed so as to extend outward (in the X-axis direction) from the support body  12  disposed along the Y axis to have a thin-width shape (a rectangular rod shape) along the X-axis direction. The number of the detecting movable electrodes  553  is two or more, and the detecting movable electrodes  553  are arranged side by side with gaps in the Y-axis direction. It should be noted that the number of the detecting movable electrodes  553  is not particularly limited. 
     The detecting stationary electrodes  555  are disposed on both sides in the Y-axis direction of the detecting movable electrode  553  intervening therebetween so as to extend in the X-axis direction while being opposed to the detecting movable electrode  553 . The detecting stationary electrodes  555  are bonded (fixed) to the first surface  11  (not shown) of the base body  10 . In the example shown in the drawing, the plurality of detecting stationary electrodes  555  is disposed so as to correspond to the detecting movable electrodes  553 , and the detecting stationary electrodes  555  are disposed so as to be opposed to each other via the corresponding detecting movable electrode  553 . In other words, the detecting stationary electrodes  555  are arranged so as not to overlap the detecting movable electrodes  553  in the planar view. Further, the detecting stationary electrodes  555  are connected to each other with a detection connecting sections  557  disposed on the outer side in the X-axis directions of the detecting movable electrodes  553 , and are then electrically connected to an external terminal not shown. 
     As described above, since the detection sections  500  each have the detecting movable electrodes  553  extending from the support body  12  along the X-axis direction, and the detecting stationary electrodes  555  bonded to the base body  10  along the X-axis direction, the detection sections  500  can efficiently detect the vibration (displacement) of the vibrating body  20   c  in the X-axis direction generated when the angular velocity acts thereon. 
     In the case in which a Coriolis force corresponding to the angular velocity is exerted on the mass section  41 , the detection sections  500  can detect the vibration in the X-axis direction generated in the mass section  41  using the capacitance variation to calculate the Coriolis force corresponding to the angular velocity. Specifically, when the Coriolis force is exerted on the mass section  41  in the X-axis direction, the support body  12  and the detecting movable electrodes  553  extending from the support body  12  also vibrate in the X-axis direction accordingly via the drive coupling sections  45 . Thus, it is possible to detect the capacitance variation due to a variation in the opposed area generated between the detecting movable electrodes  553  and the detecting stationary electrodes  555  to calculate the capacitance variation as the angular velocity. 
     2. Method of Manufacturing Gyro Sensor 
     Then, a method of manufacturing the gyro sensor according to the embodiment described above will briefly be explained with reference to  FIGS. 14A and 14B . It should be noted that  FIGS. 14A and 14B  are cross-sectional views schematically showing a manufacturing process of the gyro sensor  100  according to the first embodiment, and  FIG. 14B  corresponds to  FIG. 2 . 
     Firstly, the recessed section  14  is formed in the first surface  11  of the substrate (the base body  10 ). On this occasion, it is possible to form a groove section (not shown) in the periphery of the recessed section  14 . The recessed section  14 , and the groove section are formed using, for example, a photolithography process and an etching process. Thus, it is possible to prepare the base body  10  provided with the recessed section  14  in the first surface  11 . 
     Then, although not shown in the drawings, electrodes and wiring lines for constituting the drive section  40  and detection sections  50  are formed on the base body  10  including the inside of the recessed section  14 . The wiring lines are formed by, for example, being deposited by a sputtering method or a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and then being patterned using a photolithography process and an etching process. 
     Subsequently, the vibrating body  20 , the detection coupling sections  30 , the detecting sections  50  (see  FIG. 1 ), and so on are formed on the base body  10 . More specifically, these constituents are formed by mounting (bonding) a silicon substrate (not shown) on the first surface  11  of the base body  10 , then forming the silicon substrate as a thin film, and then patterning the silicon substrate. The patterning process is performed using the photolithography process and the etching process. Bonding between the silicon substrate and the base body  10  is achieved by, for example, anodic bonding. 
     Then, the base body  10  and the lid body  80  are bonded to each other, and the vibrating body  20  is housed in the cavity  82  surrounded by the base body  10  and the lid body  80 . Bonding between the base body  10  and the lid body  80  is achieved by, for example, anodic bonding. 
     According to the process described hereinabove, the gyro sensor  100  can be manufactured. It should be noted that the gyro sensors  102 ,  104  described above can also be manufactured using substantially the same process as described above. 
     Further, although in the above description, the gyro elements  5 ,  5   b , and  5   c  used for the gyro sensors  100 ,  102 , and  104  for detecting the angular velocity are explained as an example of the functional element, the functional element is not limited to the example. The configuration of the functional element is not particularly limited as long as the functional element operates in the cavity  82  sealed in a reduced pressure state or an inert gas atmosphere, and there can be cited a variety of types of functional elements such as an acceleration detection element used for an acceleration sensor, a pressure detection element used for a pressure gauge, a vibrator, or a microactuator. 
     3. Electronic Apparatus 
     Then, an electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. The electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment includes either one of the gyro sensors  100 ,  102 , and  104  according to the invention. Hereinafter, the electronic apparatus including the gyro sensor  100  according to the invention will be explained as an example. 
       FIG. 15  is a perspective view schematically showing a mobile type (or laptop type) personal computer  1100  as the electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 15 , the personal computer  1100  is composed of a main body section  1104  equipped with a keyboard  1102 , and a display unit  1106  equipped with a display section  1108 , and the display unit  1106  is pivotally supported with respect to the main body section  1104  via a hinge structure. Such a personal computer  1100  incorporates the gyro sensor  100 . 
       FIG. 16  is a perspective view schematically showing a cellular phone (including PHS)  1200  as the electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment. As shown in  FIG. 16 , the cellular phone  1200  is provided with a plurality of operation buttons  1202 , an ear piece  1204 , and a mouthpiece  1206 , and a display section  1208  is disposed between the operation buttons  1202  and the ear piece  1204 . Such a cellular phone  1200  incorporates the gyro sensor  100 . 
       FIG. 17  is a perspective view schematically showing a digital still camera  1300  as the electronic apparatus according to the present embodiment. It should be noted that  FIG. 17  also shows the connection with external equipment schematically. Here, existing cameras expose silver salt films to optical images of objects, while the digital still camera  1300  performs photoelectric conversion on optical images of objects by imaging elements such as CCD (charge coupled device) to generate imaging signals (image signals). 
     A case (a body)  1302  of the digital still camera  1300  is provided with a display section  1310  disposed on the back surface of the case  1302  to provide a configuration of performing display in accordance with the imaging signal from the CCD, wherein the display section  1310  functions as a viewfinder for displaying the object as an electronic image. Further, the front surface (the back side in the drawing) of the case  1302  is provided with a light receiving unit  1304  including an optical lens (an imaging optical system), the CCD, and so on. When the photographer checks an object image displayed on the display section  1310 , and then holds down a shutter button  1306 , the imaging signal from the CCD at that moment is transferred to and stored in a memory device  1308 . 
     Further, the digital still camera  1300  is provided with video signal output terminals  1312  and an input/output terminal  1314  for data communication disposed on a side surface of the case  1302 . Further, a television monitor  1430  and a personal computer  1440  are connected to the video signal output terminals  1312  and the input-output terminal  1314  for data communication, respectively, according to needs. Further, there is adopted the configuration in which the imaging signal stored in the memory device  1308  is output to the television monitor  1430  and the personal computer  1440  in accordance with a predetermined operation. Such a digital still camera  1300  incorporates the gyro sensor  100 . 
     The personal computer  1100 , the cellular phone  1200 , the digital still camera  1300  as the electronic apparatus described above can be provided with the gyro sensor  100  not hindering the vibration energy exchange between two vibrating bodies and capable of preventing the deterioration of the characteristics due to the capacitance coupling in the drive system having the two vibrating bodies vibrating in respective phases opposite to each other. 
     It should be noted that, as the electronic apparatus provided with the gyro sensor  100  described above, there can be cited, for example, an inkjet ejection device (e.g., an inkjet printer), a laptop personal computer, a television set, a video camera, a head-mounted display, a video cassette recorder, a variety of types of car navigation system, a pager, a personal digital assistance (including one with a communication function), an electronic dictionary, an electric calculator, a computerized game machine, a word processor, a workstation, a video phone, a security video monitor, a pair of electronic binoculars, a POS terminal, medical equipment (e.g., an electronic thermometer, an electronic manometer, an electronic blood sugar meter, an electrocardiogram measurement instrument, an ultrasonograph, and an electronic endoscope), a fish detector, a variety of types of measurement instruments, a variety of types of gauges (e.g., gauges for a vehicle, an aircraft, a rocket or a ship), a posture controller for a robot or a human body, and a flight simulator in addition to the personal computer  1100  (the mobile personal computer) shown in  FIG. 15 , the cellular phone  1200  shown in  FIG. 16 , and the digital still camera  1300  shown in  FIG. 17 . 
     4. Moving Object 
       FIG. 18  is a perspective view schematically showing a vehicle as an example of a moving object according to the present embodiment. The vehicle  506  is equipped with the gyro sensor  100  using the functional element (the gyro element  5 ) according to the invention. For example, as shown in the drawing, in the vehicle  506  as the moving object, an electronic control unit  508  incorporating the gyro sensor  100  using the functional element (the gyro element  5 ), and for controlling tires  509  and so on is installed in a vehicle body  507 . Further, besides the above, the gyro sensor  100  can widely be applied to an electronic control unit (ECU) such as a keyless entry system, an immobilizer, a car navigation system, a car air-conditioner, an anti-lock braking system (ABS), an air-bag system, a tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS), an engine controller, a battery monitor for a hybrid car or an electric car, or a vehicle attitude control system. 
     The embodiments described above are each nothing more than an example, and the invention is not limited thereto. For example, it is also possible to arbitrarily combine the embodiments described above. 
     The invention includes configurations (e.g., configurations having the same function, the same way, and the same result, or configurations having the same object and the same advantages) substantially the same as the configuration described as the embodiments of the invention. Further, the invention includes configurations obtained by replacing a non-essential part of the configuration described as the embodiment of the invention. Further, the invention includes configurations exerting the same functional effects and configurations capable of achieving the same object as the configuration described as one of the embodiments of the invention. Further, the invention includes configurations obtained by adding known technologies to the configuration described as one of the embodiments of the invention.