Patent Publication Number: US-PP34439-P2

Title: Seedless table grape (grapevine) named ‘ARDTHIRTYEIGHT’

Description:
Classification: The present invention relates to a new  Vitis vinifera  Grapevine. 
     Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARDTHIRTYEIGHT’. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to a new and distinct variety of  Vitis vinifera  and is a mutation of the ARRAFIFTEEN variety. A breeding program was initiated during the late 1990&#39;s near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2010, during this breeding program, a spontaneous mutation of the ARRAFIFTEEN variety was discovered. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 ARDTHIRTYEIGHT compared with parent &amp; closely related 
               
               
                 variety: 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Variety/ 
                 ARDTHIRTY- 
                 ARRA- 
                 AUTUMN 
               
               
                 Characteristic 
                 EIGHT  
                 FIFTEEN 
                 KING 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Skin 
                 Medium 
                 Thin 
                 Medium 
               
               
                 Berry shape 
                 Crunchy 
                 Crispy, Meaty 
                 Meaty &amp; Soft 
               
               
                   
                   
                 and Juicy 
                   
               
               
                 Berry size 
                 21 mm × 40 mm 
                 22 mm × 
                 24 mm × 29 mm 
               
               
                   
                   
                 33 mm 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows: 
     ARRAFIFTEEN 
     The new variety of the present invention was found as a mutation during asexual propagation in 2010 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson rootstock (non-patented in the United States). 
     It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:
         (a) Forms attractive crunchy seedless elongated berries with a yellow-green skin coloration; in medium density and medium sized clusters which display a naturally sweet flavor,   (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of August in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and   (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.   (d) Produces 40 bunches per vine, and an average of about 1-2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 48 lbs. fruit per vine.       

     The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities. 
     The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2012 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The new variety ARDTHIRTYEIGHT is a white seedless table grape with a high production, e.g., about 40 bunches per vine, and an average of about 1-2 bunches per shoot. 
     Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, Calif., U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical six-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine. 
         FIG. 1  shows leaves, stems and grapes of ARDTHIRTYEIGHT. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION 
     The chart used in the identification of colors is The RHS Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3 rd  Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 VINE CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 vigor 
                 Vigorous upright shoots 
               
               
                   
                 productive capacity 
                 Bearing at a natural, average 
               
               
                   
                   
                 capacity. Spur pruning. 
               
               
                   
                 trunk 
                 Strong and developed. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Diameter is 2.3 inches, measured at 9 
               
               
                   
                   
                 inches above ground. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Light maple brown coloring (greyed 
               
               
                   
                   
                 orange 166D) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
         
         
           
             
               
                   Date of bud burst in Bakersfield, Calif.— February 26 th . 
               
             
           
         
       
    
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Openness of tip 
                 fully open 
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs on tip 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin coloration of  
                 None (yellow green 
               
               
                   
                 prostrate hairs on tip 
                 149C) 
               
               
                   
                 Density of erect hairs on tip 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Color of upper side of blade 
                 yellow green 144A 
               
               
                   
                 Color of lower side of blade 
                 yellow green 145A 
               
               
                   
                 Density of erect hairs between main 
                 sparse 
               
               
                   
                 veins on upper side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of erect hairs between main 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 veins on lower side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs on main 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 veins on upper side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs on main 
                 sparse 
               
               
                   
                 veins on lower side of blade 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Attitude (before tying) 
                 semi-erect 
               
               
                   
                 Color of dorsal side of internodes 
                 yellow green 144B 
               
               
                   
                 Color of ventral side of internodes 
                 yellow green 144C 
               
               
                   
                 Color of dorsal side of nodes 
                 yellow green 145A 
               
               
                   
                 Color of ventral side of nodes 
                 yellow green 145B 
               
               
                   
                 Density of graat hairs on internodes 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs on 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 internodes 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length of tendrils 
                 7.5 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter of tendrils 
                 0.09 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Color of tendrils 
                 yellow green 145A 
               
               
                   
                 Number of tendrils at bloom 
                 4 
               
               
                   
                 Positioning of first flowering and 
                 the first bunch is in the  
               
               
                   
                 fruiting node 
                 3rd node 
               
               
                   
                 Inflorescence number per flowering 
                 1-2 
               
               
                   
                 shoot 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Reproductive organs 
                 fully developed stamens and  
               
               
                   
                   
                 fully developed gynoecium 
               
               
                   
                 Flower length 
                 0.2 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Flower diameter 
                 0.1 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Pistil length 
                 0.08 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Pistil color 
                 yellow green 144A 
               
               
                   
                 Pollen Amount 
                 rich 
               
               
                   
                 Pollen color 
                 yellow 11C 
               
               
                   
                 Stamen color 
                 yellow green 144A 
               
               
                   
                 Stamen length 
                 0.17 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Number of stamen 
                 6 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
         
         
           
             
               
                   First bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.— April 27th. 
                   Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, Calif.— May 5th. 
               
             
           
         
       
    
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Size of blade 
                 7.5 × 6 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Shape of blade 
                 wedge-shaped 
               
               
                   
                 Base descriptors 
                 wedge-shaped 
               
               
                   
                 Leaf margin 
                 doubly serrate 
               
               
                   
                 Leaf apex 
                 acute 
               
               
                   
                 Blistering of upper side of blade 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 Depth of upper lateral sinuses 
                 shallow 
               
               
                   
                 Number of lobes 
                 five 
               
               
                   
                 (Only varieties with lobed leaves) 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Arrangement of lobes of upper 
                 slightly overlapped 
               
               
                   
                 lateral sinuses 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Arrangement of lobes of petiole 
                 half open 
               
               
                   
                 sinus 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length of teeth 
                 0.6 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Ratio length/width of teeth 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 Shape of teeth 
                 both sides straight 
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs between 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 main veins on lower side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of erect hairs on main veins 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 on lower side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of erect hairs between the 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 main veins on upper side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Density of prostrate hairs on main 
                 absent or very sparse 
               
               
                   
                 veins on upper side of blade 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Length of petiole compared to length 
                 moderately shorter 
               
               
                   
                 of middle vein 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Top side color 
                 yellow green 147A 
               
               
                   
                 Bottom side color 
                 yellow green 147B 
               
               
                   
                 Texture of upper side of blade 
                 little rough 
               
               
                   
                 Texture of lower side of blade 
                 rough 
               
               
                   
                 Vein color on upper blade 
                 yellow green 145B 
               
               
                   
                 Vein color on lower blade 
                 yellow green 145D 
               
               
                   
                 Venation pattern for upper blade 
                 netlike venation 
               
               
                   
                 Venation patten for lower blade 
                 netlike venation 
               
               
                   
                 Petiole length 
                 3.9 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Petiole diameter 
                 0.14 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Petiole color 
                 yellow green 145A 
               
               
                   
                 Petiole texture 
                 smooth 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
         
         
           
             
               
                   Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield Calif.— July 16th. 
               
             
           
         
       
    
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Size (peduncle excluded) 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 Density of berries on bunch 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 Bunch length 
                 5.8 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Bunch diameter 
                 4.5 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Length of peduncle of primary bunch 
                 1.5 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter of peduncle of primary 
                 0.11 inches 
               
               
                   
                 bunch 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Peduncle of primary bunch color 
                 yellow green 145B 
               
               
                   
                 Peduncle texture 
                 smooth 
               
               
                   
                 Bunches per vine 
                 40 
               
               
                   
                 Average bunch weight 
                 1.2 lbs 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 BERRY CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Size 
                 large 
               
               
                   
                 Length 
                 1.5 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Weight 
                 0.3 oz 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter 
                 0.7 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Shape 
                 cylindrical 
               
               
                   
                 Color of skin (without bloom) 
                 yellow green 150A 
               
               
                   
                 Flesh color 
                 yellow green 145C 
               
               
                   
                 Brix 
                 21 
               
               
                   
                 Titrabable acidity percentage 
                 0.7% 
               
               
                   
                 Juice 
                 3.4 pH 
               
               
                   
                 Ease of detachment from pedicel 
                 moderately easy 
               
               
                   
                 Thickness of skin 
                 medium 
               
               
                   
                 Anthocyanin coloration of flesh 
                 none 
               
               
                   
                 Firmness of flesh 
                 moderately firm 
               
               
                   
                 Particular flavor 
                 natural sweet 
               
               
                   
                 Formation of seeds 
                 none 
               
               
                   
                 Berries per bunch 
                 95 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Length 
                 0.6 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter 
                 0.1 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Color 
                 yellow green 1440 
               
               
                   
                 Pedicel texture 
                 rough 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS: 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Woody shoot texture 
                 rough 
               
               
                   
                 Woody shoot color 
                 greyed orange 165B 
               
               
                   
                 Woody shoot length 
                 72 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Diameter 
                 0.4 inches 
               
               
                   
                 Internode length 
                 4.2 inches 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
         
         
           
             
               
                   Market use of observed plants.— Fresh market. 
               
             
           
         
         Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers). 
         Shipping characteristics: Number of days fruit has been stored under specific conditions: Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside Styrofoam boxes with sulfur pads. After 30 Days: rachises were 60% green; 3% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent. 
         DNA profile: To further the characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed &amp; Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter. 
       
    
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 DNA profile for ARDTHIRTYEIGHT 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Microsatellite DNA 
                 Allele Sizes 
                   
               
               
                 Marker 
                 in Base Pairs 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 M1 
                 228 
                 238 
               
               
                 M2 
                 249 
                 249 
               
               
                 M3 
                 179 
                 194 
               
               
                 M4 
                 216 
                 220 
               
               
                 M5 
                 273 
                 273 
               
               
                 M6 
                 145 
                 151 
               
               
                 M7 
                 187 
                 205 
               
               
                 M8 
                 247 
                 255 
               
               
                 M9 
                 214 
                 214 
               
               
                  M10 
                 237 
                 247 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The ARDTHIRTYEIGHT variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions. 
     Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat/cold resistance has not been observed to date.