Patent Publication Number: US-2021164276-A1

Title: Door arrester

Description:
The present disclosure relates to a door arrester, in particular for a door of a motor vehicle, comprising: a door retainer rod which can be mounted on one of a door and a body of the motor vehicle so as to be pivotable and having a first side with a profiling formed on the first side, and a first braking element which can be arranged on the other of the door or the body of the motor vehicle and in sections bearing against the first side of the door retainer rod under the effect of a preload, and which, with the profiling of the first side, defines at least one retaining position. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Door arresters are known from practice which are dimensioned to be sufficiently stable to be used as motor vehicle door arresters. Such motor vehicle door arresters have a door retainer rod which can be mounted on the door or body of the motor vehicle so as to be pivotable and have a first side, in particular a broad side, on which a profiling is formed, wherein a first braking element can be arranged on the other of the door and body of the motor vehicle, usually on the door, which braking body in sections bears against the first side of the door retainer rod under the effect of a preload and which defines retaining positions with the profiling of the first side, in particular when it penetrates into recesses of the profiling, the braking element being circumferentially guided in a housing and being preloaded towards the first side by a spring member, the spring member being supported in the housing. In this case, the door retainer rod can be moved back and forth through an opening in the housing, but tends to tilt. Furthermore, the known motor vehicle door arrester has a large overall height, which results from the fact that the braking element requires a specific extension towards its direction of displacement in order to avoid tilting. The number of parts is quite high, and the assembly effort is also large because the braking element in particular has to be inserted into a guide bore in the housing. Due to the play that the door retainer rod has in the opening of the housing, the forces acting are not reproducible depending on the angular position of the door and are therefore unequal. Furthermore, the known door retainer rods are formed with a curved extension, which compensate for the pivoting movements of the door around the body or a spar of the body and which is intended to avoid any tilting. 
     WO 2006 089 528 A1 describes a door arrester for a motor vehicle, in which a door retainer rod, which can be mounted on one of a door and a body so as to be pivotable, has a first side on which a profiling is formed. Furthermore, the door retainer rod has a second side on which a further profiling different from the profiling of the first side is also formed. The door retainer rod can be passed through a housing formed with an opening, wherein a spring-preloaded braking element interacting with the first side of the door retainer rod is circumferentially received in a receptacle and axially guided therein, the braking element being equipped with a shaft part to which a counter bearing is connected in order to be able to move the shaft part and braking element out of engagement from the first side. Coaxially to the first braking element, a second braking element loaded towards the second side of the door retainer rod is axially displaceable and circumferentially received in a receptacle of the housing, which has a cylindrical casing portion which has various through-holes so as not to tilt in the guide. The disadvantage of the known motor vehicle door arrester is the fact that the door retainer rod, in order to permit a pivoting and displacement movement, has to have a greater amount of play within the opening of the housing so as not to tilt. Furthermore, in order to avoid tilting, both braking elements are each designed with a significant axial extension, as a result of which the overall height of the housing in the axis of movement of the braking elements is very large. As a result, large torques occur, which result in that the housing has to be formed so as to be quite massive. Furthermore, due to the back and forth movement of the door retainer rod in the receptacle of the housing, various friction noises occur which impair the ease of use of the motor vehicle door arrester. 
     JP 2016 094 794 A describes a door arrester device for a door of a motor vehicle, in which a door retainer rod is connected to a door of a motor vehicle so as to be pivotable. The door retainer rod has a straight extension and a plurality of flat portions of different thicknesses which increase in the closing direction and which are separated from one another by vertical steps. An actuator with a drivable shaft is arranged on the body, which has two counter-rotating thread portions, a cuboid block being arranged on each of the two thread portions, wherein the motorized rotation of the shaft causes the two blocks to be adjusted towards the door retainer rod or away from the door retainer rod. In particular, the lateral boundaries of the blocks form a stop for the steps of the door retainer rod when the blocks are moved together and prevent the door from closing. In contrast, if the blocks have moved apart, the door can be moved freely. The main disadvantage of the door arrester device is that the blocks have to be guided laterally, since otherwise, due to the inhibition of the thread, they rotate together with the shaft when they are out of engagement with the door retainer rod. Furthermore, the door arrester device can only block the door in the closing direction, but not in the opening direction. Furthermore, the drive of the shaft must be permanently energized so that the blocks do not turn the shaft back. A pivotability of the door retainer rod about the shaft is not provided and would otherwise lead to the development of noise due to friction of the thread on the through-hole. 
     DE 10 2014 018 333 B3 describes a door arrester for the door of a motor vehicle, comprising a door retainer rod which can be mounted on one of a door and a body so as to be pivotable, with a first and a second side, each of which having a profiling, wherein a braking element is furthermore arranged on the other of the door and the body, which in sections bears against the side of the door retainer rod under the effect of the preload of a spring and defines a retaining position with the profiling of the side. The braking element is circumferentially guided in a cylindrical portion and, in response to the profiling of the side of the door retainer rod, can be freely displaced axially while tensioning and releasing the spring. 
     SUMMARY 
     It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a reliably operating door arrester of compact design. 
     This object is achieved by a door arrester of the present disclosure. 
     According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a door arrester, in particular for a door of a motor vehicle, is created, comprising a door retainer rod which can be mounted on one of a door and a body so as to be pivotable and having a first side with profiling formed on the first side, and a first braking element which can be arranged on the other of the door and the body and in sections bearing against the first side of the door retainer rod under the effect of a preload, and which, with the profiling of the first side, defines at least one retaining position. The door arrester distinguishes in that the first braking element has a central boring, that a guide pin passes through the central boring, and that the guide pin allows an axial movement of the first braking element along the guide pin. This advantageously achieves that the first braking element no longer has to be guided on its circumference, so that it does not have the minimum volume required for this purpose. Furthermore, the guide pin can connect the braking element indirectly to the door or body of the motor vehicle without having to provide a housing that completely encompasses the braking element. As a result, the door arrester can be designed in particular with a small number of parts and small and therefore compact. The costs of manufacturing the door arrester can be reduced as a result. Furthermore, weight is saved so that the door arrester lowers the motor vehicle&#39;s energy consumption. 
     According to an aspect of the present disclosure, a door arrester, in particular for a door of a motor vehicle, is created, comprising a door retainer rod which can be mounted on one of a door and a body of the motor vehicle so as to be pivotable and having a first side with a profiling formed on the first side, and a first braking element which can be arranged on the other of the door and the body and in sections bearing against the first side of the door retainer rod under the effect of a preload, and which, with the profiling of the first side, defines at least one retaining position. The door arrester distinguishes in that the door retainer rod has an elongate through-hole, that a guide pin passes through the through-hole, and that the door retainer rod can be pivoted about the guide pin. This advantageously ensures that the door retainer rod is centered by the guide pin and thus has only little play with respect to the parts door and body of the motor vehicle and/or the braking element. The door retainer rod can then always be pivoted about two axes, namely the one axis with which it is coupled to one of door and body and the axis of the guide pin about which the door retainer rod is also pivoted. This advantageously makes it possible to dispense with a housing that delimits the door retainer rod circumferentially within an opening with regard to its displacement movement, so that the door arrester is overall of compact design. Furthermore, the assembly of the door arrester is particularly simple and, at the same time, precisely possible by inserting the guide pin into the through-hole in the door retainer rod. 
     The central boring of the first braking element and/or the elongate through-hole of the door retainer rod, through which the guide pin passes, is preferably formed centrally in the corresponding part, so that weak points are avoided. In addition, the door retainer rod can have a metallic core, which gives it stability, and which is sheathed by a plastics material. The plastics material has favorable noise and friction properties and can be manufactured with defined surfaces without significant additional costs. 
     An embodiment is particularly favorable in which the guide pin passes through the central boring of the first braking element and the elongate through-hole of the door retainer rod, the guide pin then guiding both parts, the first braking element and the door retainer rod, the first braking element being guided with its boring in an axial direction of the guide pin along the same, while the door retainer rod with the elongate through-hole can be displaced along the guide pin, but is centered by the guide pin on a predetermined path and thus causes a defined pivoting of the door retainer rod about the guide pin at every point. The guide pin is in this case favorably connected to the other of door and body, in particular to the door, in particular can be connected immovably, so that the movement of the door is transmitted to the guide pin. 
     It is expediently provided that the door retainer rod can be displaced with respect to the first braking element of the guide pin. This creates a relative movement between the first braking element and the guide pin, which counteracts a pivoting torque of the door around its articulation on the body of the motor vehicle. It is possible in this case for the preloaded first braking element to yield to the elevations of the profiling of the door retainer rod while increasing the preload and to define an increased retaining force when the profiling of the door retainer rod is recessed by releasing the preload. 
     The first braking element is expediently preloaded by a spring member towards the first side of the door retainer rod, so that the spring constant of the spring member can be taken into account for setting a retaining force. The spring member is expediently loaded indirectly or directly at one end against the first braking element and at the other end against an abutment which is immovable or at least predominantly immovable with respect to the guide pin guiding the first braking element. 
     It can be provided in a particularly advantageous manner that the guide pin passes through the spring member so that the spring member is clamped between the first braking element and the abutment. The spring member is expediently formed as a helical spring, but can also be designed as a plate spring or plate spring assembly, or in another known manner. 
     According to a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the guide pin is fixed on two retaining portions that can be connected to the other of the door and body of the motor vehicle, so that the two retaining portions indirectly couple the guide pin to one of door and body. In this case, a retaining portion is expediently arranged on the one hand of, in particular above, the one side of the door retainer rod, while the other retaining portion is arranged on the other hand of, in particular below, the door retainer rod, so that the door retainer rod runs between the two retaining portions. 
     At least the guide pin preferably connects the retaining portions to one another, so that overall a component is produced that can be connected to the other of the door and the body. It is not necessary for this component to be immovable in itself. A first possibility of connecting the guide pin to the retaining portion is that the end of the guide pin is equipped with thread portions that are optionally screwed into an internal thread of the retaining portions or protrude from the retaining portion and are fixed with a nut. Another possibility is that at least one end of the guide pin has a rivet head which is connected by riveting to the retaining portion. The other end can also be connected to the second retaining portion by riveting, or alternatively has a screw head. 
     According to a favorable embodiment, it is provided that the retaining portions are part of a retainer housing, which then, for example, also has connecting means with the other of door and body of the motor vehicle. The retainer housing can be made of a less stable plastics material in large parts, while the guide pin is made of steel, for example, since the guide pin substantially absorbs the static and dynamic loads on the door arrester. 
     Expediently, the retaining portions, which are formed as two housing parts, together define an opening for the passage of the door retainer rod, so that overall a component retainer housing that is easy to manipulate is created. The provision of a retainer housing makes it possible, in particular, to design the end of the door retainer rod as a stop in the manner of a hammer head, in order to avoid load peaks from being introduced into the guide pin when the door is completely open. At the same time, a stop damper in the region of the retainer housing can largely suppress the noises generated when the stop is hit. 
     According to a favorable development, it is provided that the first braking element has a cylindrical central boring, and that the first braking element can be rotated with its boring about a cylindrical guide portion of the guide pin, so that, in addition to the guide for a movement in the axial direction of the axis of the guide pin, also a rotation or pivoting about the axis of the guide pin is made possible. This advantageously ensures that the first braking element can follow an orientation of the profiling of the first side of the door retainer rod that changes due to the pivoting of the door retainer rod relative to the guide pin, especially if it does not have a complete or approximately rotation-symmetric end face. This advantageously ensures that an approximately linear or strip-shaped contact is always achieved between the end face of the first braking element and the first side of the door retainer rod, so that a substantially steady course of the braking force can be achieved. Alternatively, the central boring of the first braking element can also be formed prismatically, for example in the manner of a square or a hexagon, in which case the corresponding guide portion of the guide pin is formed to be complementary in order to prevent such a rotation. For this purpose, however, the guide pin may have to be machined circumferentially. If a favorable material pairing is selected, for example guide pins made of steel and borings and/or through-holes made of plastics material, the provision of a sliding-promoting coating, or bushing, or sleeve, e.g. made of metal or plastics material, can be dispensed with. Preferably, however, at least in the region of contact of the guide pin with the door retainer rod, a sliding-promoting coating is applied, for example made of polyether ketone (PEEK), which does not increase the thickness of the guide pin in the corresponding region or only increases it minimally. According to another favorable alternative, the guide pin can have a bushing or sleeve pushed onto the guide pin in the region of contact with the door retainer rod, which can rotate about the guide pin and which promotes the mutual rolling of the guide pin and the door retainer rod. The bushing is then prevented, for example by the braking elements, from migrating out of the contact zone with the door retainer rod. 
     The first braking element is expediently formed as a perforated disk which preferably has a protruding slide elevation on the side facing the door retainer rod. The slide elevation is oriented substantially perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the door retainer rod and defines a strip-shaped contact of the first braking element with the first side of the door retainer rod. It is alternatively possible to equip the back of the first braking element, which faces away from the door retainer rod, with a tubular extension, which is preferably formed in one piece with the disk, on the one hand to limit the path of the first braking element in the axial direction of the guide pin and on the other hand to form a guide aid for a spring member, and in particular to prevent the spring member from buckling. Furthermore, the assembly of the door arrester is hereby facilitated and the axial guidance along the guide pin is improved. Alternatively, the vertical stroke of the first braking element can also be limited by a stop or the like provided in a housing. 
     The door retainer rod can preferably be rotated about a cylindrical guide portion of the guide pin, with the cylindrical guide portion of the guide pin and the elongate through-hole of the door retainer rod being matched to one another in terms of their external dimensions and their internal dimensions so that only a minimal amount of play in the relative positioning is possible. It is even possible to use the cylindrical guide portion of the guide pin, which passes through the through-hole, with a slight interference fit. The contact region can expediently be formed free of lubrication through the selection of an appropriate material pairing, or it can be greased to reduce the corresponding noises. 
     According to an expedient development, it is provided that, in addition to the braking torque generated by the braking element, the elongate through-hole in the door retainer rod is designed to generate a supplementary braking torque, for example by making the through-hole narrower and clamping the cylindrical guide portion of the guide pin in a comfort region near the complete opening of the door, and thus generating a braking torque. Conversely, the elongate through-hole can also have a freewheel in the form of a widening, for example in order not to brake the door when closing. In particular, at least one preferred retaining position of the door can be provided between two projections constricting the through-hole. 
     The door retainer rod expediently has a slot-like through-hole which breaks through the first side, so that the effective surface of the first side is reduced by the width of the through-hole. The through-hole in this case expediently runs perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the door retainer rod, so that the guide pin also ensures that the first braking element and the first side of the door retainer rod are in contact with one another without tilting and thus in a maximum area. 
     The door retainer rod preferably has a straight extension which makes it possible to use it in opposite doors with different opening directions, so that the series length and thus the costs of manufacturing the component are further reduced. The slot-like through-hole is then expediently formed exactly in the middle of the door retainer rod. As an alternative to a design with exactly one, preferably central, guide pin, two guide pins can also be provided which pass through the boring or the through-hole. 
     In a particularly favorable embodiment, it is provided that the door arrester furthermore has a second side opposite the first side with a further profiling formed on the second side, and that a second braking element in sections also bears against the second side of the door retainer rod, in particular under the effect of a preload, wherein the guide pin subsequently passes through the first braking element and the second braking element. For this purpose, it is not necessary that the second braking element is also axially displaceable, but preferably the second braking element is arranged exactly in mirror image to the first braking element and is formed so as to be axially displaceable. However, it is also possible for the second braking element to interact with a non-profiled flat second side of the door retainer rod in order to generate a basic braking torque. 
     The profiling of the first side of the door retainer rod can take place in different stages, the braking force to be overcome increasing as the height of the profiling rises by increasing the preload of the first braking element. It is expediently provided that relative minima of the preload define preferred retaining positions of the door at a specific opening angle. 
     The guide pin is preferably formed as a cylindrical pin portion with a smooth outer surface at least in the region where it passes through the central boring and/or the through-hole. As a result, the braking element can follow the movement of the door retainer rod, in that the braking element, in addition to the vertical displacement, in order to follow the profiling when the door retainer rod is moved relative thereto, also allows a free rotation about the pin portion having a smooth outer surface without resulting in braking, noise, and/or tilting. 
     The profiling expediently has a steady course, which allows the first braking element to slide along in both directions over the length of the door retainer rod, and over the course of the profiling is in particular free of discontinuities such as steps that the braking element cannot easily overcome. As a result, the force resulting from the sliding of the braking element on the side of the door retainer rod is substantially defined by the preload, so that the braking element does not have to be adjusted by a motor. 
     According to a favorable embodiment, the first braking element is axially freely displaceable along the guide pin, and/or the first braking element can be freely rotated radially about the guide pin, so that the first braking element can simultaneously follow the profiling of the door retainer rod and the rotation of the door retainer rod about its joint. In particular, when both degrees of freedom, i.e. with regard to free axial displaceability and free radial rotatability, are given, the door arrester is very resistant to the most varied of movement patterns and cycles and does not jam or tilt. 
     The guide pin preferably passes though the central boring and the through-hole with play, whereby the displacement of the door retainer rod and/or the braking element is made possible with respect to the guide pin without friction or with little friction. As a result, stresses that occur in the event of alternating loads can be easily processed without blocking the door arrester. 
     In a particularly advantageous development, at least one projection is provided on the braking element, which at least partially penetrates the through-hole. In this way, on the one hand, the braking element is advantageously oriented towards the through-hole, so that the braking element can advantageously follow the pivoting of the door retainer rod. In addition, the projection can prevent contact between the guide pin and the inner walls of the through-hole, which reduces wear and tear and the development of noise. 
     In a first advantageous embodiment, the projection is formed so as to be disk-shaped and thereby centers the braking element with respect to the door retainer rod. In a first preferred development, the disk-shaped projection can have parallel walls which have little play with respect to the inner walls of the through-hole. 
     Alternatively, the projection has a wedge shape in the radial direction, which facilitates the advance towards the extension of the door retainer rod. The wedge shape makes it easier in particular for the braking element to follow the pivoting of the door retainer rod. Alternatively or cumulatively, the projection has a wedge shape in the axial direction, which facilitates vertical penetration into the through-hole. 
     In a preferred implementation, it is provided that the projection protrudes beyond the braking element on the end side. As a result, the projection always dips into the through-hole while the braking element rests on the first side of the door retainer rod, which side forms a stop for the braking element. 
     In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the projection surrounds the guide pin and thus spaces the guide pin from the inner walls of the through-hole. If the projection formed in this way is itself formed as a hollow cylinder, the projection can rotate completely around the guide pin. It is then possible to provide a further projection on the braking element, which is arranged eccentrically and penetrates the through-hole in order to give the braking element an orientation in the direction of displacement. 
     Preferably, the projection or a part of the projection extends radially to the guide pin. As a result, the braking element and its slide elevation can each be aligned with the through-hole in the door retainer rod. 
     The projection preferably has a greater thickness than the diameter of the guide pin. As a result, the guide pin can be kept at a distance from the inner walls of the through-hole, and wear and the development of noise are avoided. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Further advantages, developments, and characteristics of the present disclosure can be found in the following description of preferred embodiments. 
       The present disclosure will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with the aid of preferred embodiments. 
         FIG. 1  shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a door arrester in the assembled state. 
         FIG. 2  shows an exploded view of the door arrester from  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  shows a section through the door arrester of  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
         FIG. 4  shows a modified variant of the door arrester from  FIGS. 1 to 3 . 
         FIG. 5  shows a further variant of the door arrester from  FIGS. 1 to 3 . 
         FIG. 6  shows a second preferred embodiment of a door arrester according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 7  shows the door arrester from  FIG. 6  in an exploded view. 
         FIG. 8  shows a second preferred embodiment of a door arrester according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 9  shows a longitudinal section through the retainer housing of the door arrester from  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10  shows a modified door arrester in a view comparable to  FIG. 7 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The door arrester shown in  FIGS. 1 to 3  and designated overall by  1  is used to couple a door  2  of a motor vehicle, shown as a dash-dotted line, to a body  3 , indicated as a dash-dotted line. The door  2  is connected to the body  3  via hinges, the door arrester  1  serving to brake the pivoting movement of the door  2  around the hinges and to limit the opening angle. 
     The door arrester comprises a housing  20  having a central opening  21 , which consists of two retaining portions  22 ,  23  made of plastics material that are plugged together, wherein the plastics material parts can be reinforced with metal reinforcement in particularly stressed regions. The opening  21  is enclosed by the upper housing part  22  and the lower housing part  23  when they are assembled, each of the two housing parts  22 ,  23  having an injected rivet bolt  24  which is provided for connection to the door  2  in its interior region. 
     A door retainer rod  30  extends through the opening  21  and is coupled at a first end in the region of an axis A so as to be pivotable via a joint  31  to a mounting part  32  which has a recess  32   a  by means of which the mounting part  32  is attached to the body or a pillar of the body  3  can be connected by means of a connecting means such as a screw or a rivet. The joint  31  has an axis A which is parallel to the axis of the hinges, so that when the door  2  is opened, a pivoting movement about the axis A is initiated to compensate for the pivoting movement about the hinges. 
     In its central region, the door retainer rod  30  has an elongate, slot-like through-hole  33  which is enclosed on all sides and which extends into the vicinity of the end  34  of the door retainer rod  30  opposite the joint  31 . The door retainer rod  30  has a core  30   a  made of steel, which is enclosed by a casing  30   b  made of plastics material, as can be seen in particular in  FIG. 3 . The door retainer rod  30  has an upper, first side  35  which is formed with a profiling  35   a , as will be explained below. 
     In the region of the opening  21 , the two housing parts  22 ,  23  have mutually engaging end regions which comprise projections  22   a  of the first housing part  22  which can penetrate into recesses  23   a  of the second housing part  23 , as can be seen in  FIG. 2 . 
     The first housing part  22  and the second housing part  23  are connected to one another by a guide pin  40 , which also passes through the through-hole  33 , by riveting the ends  41  of the guide pin  40  on an outwardly facing end face  22   b ,  23   b  of the first and second housing parts  22 ,  23 . Through this, the guide pin  40  connects the two housing parts  22 ,  23  to one another to form a common housing  20 . 
     It can be seen that the second housing part  23  is made substantially from solid material and has a central bore  23   c  through which the guide pin  40  passes and is received largely without play. 
     The first housing part  22  has, in the region of its end face  22   b  facing away from the door retainer rod  30 , a short channel  22   c  which passes through the upper housing part  22  and which is adapted to the circumference of the guide pin  40 . The channel  22   c  opens into a first cylindrical cavity  22   d , which in turn merges into a second cylindrical cavity  22   e  with an even larger diameter, forming a step  22   f . The second cylindrical cavity  22   e  is open towards the door retainer rod  30 . 
     A first braking element  50  and a spring member  60  formed as a helical spring loading the first braking element  50  are inserted into the cylindrical cavities  22   d ,  22   e , the helical spring  60  being supported at one end in an annular recess on the back of the first braking element  50  and at the other end on the portion of the first cylindrical cavity  22   d  opposite the end face  22   b , which radially surrounds the channel  22   c . The spring member  60  is wound so that it can be compressed while increasing its preload. The spring member  60  also surrounds the guide pin  40  at a distance. 
     The first braking element  50  has an end face  51  facing the door retainer rod  30 , which has a slide elevation  51   a  protruding towards the door retainer rod  30  and running transversely to the direction of displacement of the door retainer rod  30 , wherein the flanks thereof, which steadily fall on both sides, promote a sliding up and down movement of ramps of the profiling  35   a . The first braking element  50  has a central boring  50   c , which is formed to receive a cylindrical guide portion  40   a  of the guide pin  40  with very little play. The guide portion  40   a  of the guide pin  40  passes through the boring  50   c  and allows a movement of the braking element  50  towards the axis of the guide pin  40  and to pivot about the axis of the guide pin  40 . 
     The first braking element  50  comprises a portion formed as a perforated disk  52 , which forms a circumferential edge  52   a , and a central tube portion  53  which extends axially over the edge of the disk portion  52 . The central boring  50   c  is formed in the tube portion  53  and also passes through the slide elevation  51   a.    
     It can be seen in particular in  FIG. 3  that the step  22   f  forms a stop for the circumferential edge  52   a  of the first braking element  50 , which limits the axial displacement. Alternatively, the end of the tube portion  53  facing away from the retainer rod  30  could also be used for this purpose. 
     The second housing part  23  can have a plate spanning the width of the door retainer rod  30  and containing the bore  23   c , which plate is intended to come into contact with a second side  36  of the door retainer rod  30  facing away from the first side  35 . In this case, the guide pin  40  is guided through the plate  23   d . It is possible to design the plate as a common part with the second housing part  23 . 
       FIG. 4  is a portion of a modified door retainer rod  30 ′ which differs from the retainer rod  30  from  FIGS. 1 to 3  in that a stop buffer  39 ′ is inserted in the through-hole  33  in the end region  34  of the retainer rod  30 ′ which is made of a soft plastics material. The stop buffer  39 ′ can either be injected into the door retainer rod  30 ′ or glued thereto. The stop buffer  39 ′ primarily serves to dampen any noise development when the end region  34  of the door retainer rod  30 ′ hits the guide pin  40  and, at the same time, serves to reduce the introduction of mechanical stresses into the plastics material casing  30   b  of the door retainer rod  30 ′ through direct mechanical contact. 
       FIG. 5  shows an alternative embodiment of a door retainer rod  30 ″, which differs from the door retainer rod  30  from  FIGS. 1 to 3  by the end region  34 ″ formed as a hammer head. The laterally protruding regions of the hammer head  34 ″ project laterally beyond the opening  21  of the retainer housing  20  and thus delimit the distance by which the retainer rod  30 ″ can be pulled out of the retainer housing  20 . This also avoids the development of noise and mechanical stress in the region of the end of the through-hole  33 . 
       FIGS. 6 and 7  are a further preferred embodiment of a door arrester  101  according to the present disclosure, the same reference signs as in the embodiment according to  FIGS. 1 to 3  denoting the same or structurally comparable parts. 
     The door retainer rod  30 , the first braking element  50  and the spring member  60  are unchanged according to the embodiment according to  FIGS. 1 to 3 . The door arrester  101  is not equipped with a retainer housing, however, but with two individual retaining portions  122 ,  123  which are of identical design and which are coupled to one another by a guide pin  140 . 
     The two retaining portions  122 ,  123  are each designed as angled profilings, with a substantially vertically extending leg formed with a recess  122   k ,  123   k , which is used for fastening to a door  2 , for example by means of corresponding rivet pins or screw bolts, and with a substantially plate-shaped horizontal leg which has a bore  122   b ,  123   b  through which the guide pin  140  can pass through. It can be seen that the guide pin  140  is a good deal shorter than the guide pin  40  from  FIGS. 1 to 3  because it only has to connect the distance between the two horizontal legs of the retaining portions  122 ,  123 . The guide pin  140  is riveted on the outside of the horizontal legs of the retainer portions  122 ,  123  and passes through the spring member  60 , the central boring  50   c  of the first braking element  50 , the elongate through-hole  33  of the door retainer rod  30 , and a boring  70   b  of a further braking element  70 , which rests on the horizontal leg of the second retaining portion  123 . The further braking element  70  interacts with the second side  36  of the door retainer rod  30  facing away from the first side  35  to generate a braking torque against the displacement of the door  2 . It can be seen that it is also possible to fasten the second retaining portion  123  rotated by 180 degrees on the door  2  and then to connect the further spring  60  and the first braking element  50  through which the guide pin  140  passes, which guide pin is longer, in particular when the second side  36  of the door retainer rod  30  is also equipped with a profiling. 
     It can also be seen that the guide pin  140  connects the parts to one another as a whole, wherein the parts can each pivot about the guide pin  140 . It is possible for the riveting of the ends  141  of the guide pin  140  to couple the retaining portions  122 ,  123  to the guide pin  140  in a non-rotatable manner. 
       FIGS. 8 and 9  are a further preferred embodiment of a door arrester  201  according to the present disclosure, the same reference signs as in the embodiments according to  FIGS. 1 to 5  denoting the same or structurally comparable parts. 
     In contrast to the embodiment according to  FIGS. 1 to 5 , the guide pin  40  has a coating or casing made of PEEK450FE20 in the region of the guide portion  40   a , which contacts the through-hole  33  of the door retainer rod  30 , which promotes the sliding properties. It is possible to harden the region of the guide portion  40   a  alternatively by partial processing with a laser, so that the wear of this region, which is particularly stressed by relative movement, is reduced. Laser treatment and casing can also be combined. 
     In contrast to the embodiment according to  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the door retainer rod  30  has a through-hole  33  which does not have an approximately constant width, but rather comprises regions of different widths. A free-running region  33 F of the through-hole  33  has a width that is larger with respect to the circumference of the guide pin  40 , so that a relative movement between the door retainer rod  30  and the guide pin  40  is practically unbraked or possible with minimal braking. This means that there is no need to exert increased force when the door is closed. This function is also referred to as a closing aid since the resistance of a lock has to be overcome in this region. A clamping region  33 K of the through-hole  33  has a smaller width with respect to the circumference of the guide pin  40 , so that a relative movement between the door retainer rod  30  and the guide pin  40  is braked and a greater force has to be introduced into the door to overcome it. In this way, it can advantageously be achieved that the door is braked shortly before it reaches its maximum opening angle, and accordingly less stress takes place when the stop  34 ″ is reached. 
     In contrast to the embodiment according to  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the door retainer rod  30  has a retainer housing  20  which accommodates two spring members  60  and two braking elements  50 , so that both the first side  35  and the second side  36  of the door retainer rod  30  are acted upon in each case by one of the braking elements  50 . The braking elements  50  are in turn guided axially displaceably and rotatably via a central boring  50   c  on the guide pin  40 . 
     The retainer housing  20  comprises two plate-shaped retaining portions  22 ,  23 , to each of which one end  41  of the guide pin  40  is riveted. The retaining portions  22 ,  23  are formed as sheet metal disks which absorb the force F ( FIG. 9 ) introduced into the system by the spring members  60 . It is possible to form the retaining portions  22 ,  23  also as plastics material disks. 
     The retainer housing  20  further comprises a cover  25  made of plastics material, which is inserted between the two retaining portions  22 ,  23  and spaces them apart from one another. Since the cover  25  absorbs only small forces and also does not guide the braking element  50  radially, it is formed from a very thin-walled material and can be produced, for example, using an extrusion method. The spacing of the cover  25  from the braking element  50  allows the latter to rotate about the guide pin  40  when the latter follows the profiling of the door retainer rod  30 . The opening  21  through which the door retainer rod  30  can be moved back and forth through the retainer housing  20  is also formed in the cover  25 . 
     The cover  25  comprises a central receptacle for the spring members  60  and the braking elements  50  as well as a guide  28  in which two link parts  80  are arranged, each having a sleeve  81  with an internal thread. The retainer housing  20  can be connected to a vehicle door via the sleeve  81 . 
     The two retaining portions  22 ,  23  can also be designed in such a way that they also completely or partially close the insertion openings of the guide  28 . It can be seen that the cover  25  connects the two retaining portions  22 ,  23  and the parts coupled therewith indirectly to a motor vehicle part such as a vehicle door. It can also be seen that instead of a one-piece cover  25 , this can also consist of two parts, a spring member  60  and braking element  50  being accommodated in such a part. Finally, it can be seen that although the cover  25  separates the retaining portions  22 ,  23 , the cover  25  is not required for this purpose. The cover  25  thus above all protects the inner workings of the retainer housing against the ingress of contamination from the outside. 
     The door arrester works as follows: the retaining portions  122 ,  123  or the housing parts  22 ,  23 , which also form retaining portions, are connected to an interior region of the door  2 , while the mounting part  32  is connected to the body  3 . If the door  2  is now pivoted about the hinge axes with respect to the body  3 , the door retainer rod  30  pivots about the axis  31  and is pulled out of the door  2 , causing a relative displacement with respect to the first braking element  50 . At the same time, the guide pin  40 ,  140  passing through the through-hole  33  secures the door retainer rod  30  in the region of its guide portion  40   a ,  140   a . The first braking element  50  can also pivot about the guide pin  40 ,  140  in order to align its slide elevation  51   a  with the profiling  35   a  of the door retainer rod  30 , the spring  60  loading the first braking element  40  with a preload so that it is pressed against the first side  35  of the door retainer rod  30 . The preload of the spring member  60  is increased when the profiling  35  has an increasing thickness while the door retainer rod  30  is pulled out of the door  2 . If the profiling  35   a  decreases, the spring member  60  is relieved again. As a result, the braking torque of the door retainer rod  1 ,  101  changes during the pulling out of the door retainer rod  30  from the door  2  as a result of the pivoting movement of the door  2 . During the displacement movement of the door retainer rod  30 , the door retainer rod is always centered by means of the guide pins  40 ,  140 , so that there is no rubbing against the inner regions of the door  2  and/or against the boundaries of the opening  21 . 
     It can be seen that the door retainer rod  30  as a whole has an elongate course and thus differs from the known curved door retainer rods, which can rub against the opening  21 . The elongate contour is made possible by the central guidance of the guide pin  40 ,  140  and leads to less material waste during the production. Furthermore, the door retainer rod  30  can be used in the same way for a left-opening door as for a right-opening door of a motor vehicle whose braking force characteristics do not differ, because the curvature no longer determines the installation location on the left or on the right. It can also be seen that the door arrester  1 ,  101  can be installed on both sides of the vehicle, for example by rotating it by 180 degrees. That is, the first side  35  points upwards for one side and downwards for the other side. 
       FIG. 10  shows the door arrester  101  from  FIG. 7  in a modified variant, the same reference signs as in  FIGS. 6 and 7  denoting the same parts. In contrast to the door arrester  101  from  FIG. 6 , the braking element  50 , which is freely axially displaceable and freely rotatably connected to the guide pin  140 , has a radially extending nose  250  which projects radially perpendicular to the extension of the slide elevation  51   a  and protrudes in a sword-like manner into the through-hole  33  of the door retainer rod  30 , and thus aligns the braking element  50  with respect to the profiling  35   a . In this case, the nose  250  also protrudes axially a little beyond the slide elevation  51   a , so that in every axial displacement position of the braking element  50 , the nose  250  penetrates a little bit into the through-hole  33 , even if the first side  35  is substantially flat. The nose  250  assists the braking element  50  in following the rotation of the door retainer rod  30  about its articulation  31  by transmitting a stronger torque to the nose  250  and thus to the braking element  50 . The nose  250  is formed in this case with two parallel surfaces, which can be introduced into the through-hole  33  with little play, so that there is no undesired additional braking. However, it is possible to design the two surfaces in a wedge shape in the radial direction and/or in a wedge shape in the axial direction in order to support centering during the movement. 
     It is also possible, instead of a nose, to provide a different projection on the braking element  50  which penetrates into the through-hole  33 , for example a cylindrical pin which is spaced radially from the axis of the braking element  50  and provides the same function. An angled pin or a pin protruding obliquely from the braking element  50  is also possible. 
     The pin  250 ′ can alternatively also be provided as an extension of the tube portion  53  of the braking element  50 ′ or as an extension of the tube portion  53 , and thereby completely or partially surround the guide pin  40  within the through-hole  33 . 
     If the door arrester has two axially displaceable braking elements  50 , both are expediently equipped with a projection  250 . In this case, the two projections can also be attached in opposite directions, so that one projects radially in the opening direction and the other radially in the closing direction. If the two projections are arranged in the same direction, in particular in alignment with one another, they are dimensioned in such a way that they do not touch, or at most touch one another in the region of the door being pulled shut. 
     The further braking element  70  also has two projections  270  which penetrate the through-hole  33  of the door retainer rod  30  in the manner of a nose or a sword with the advantages mentioned above. 
     It is possible to equip only the braking element  70 , which cannot be axially displaced, with the projections  270  and to dispense with the projection  250  on the first braking element  50 . 
     It is also possible to arrange two radial projections  250  on the braking element  50  so that the braking element  50  is centered in both directions of movement along the profiling  35   a.    
     The projections  250 ,  270  are expediently formed in one piece with the respective braking elements  50 ,  70 , in particular made from plastics material in an injection molding process. However, it is also possible to inject a metallic projection or to screw it in or to secure it in some other way after the production of the braking element  50 ,  70 . 
     The projections provided on the braking elements and their centering in the through-hole  33  also prevent friction of the guide pin  40  on the inner walls of the through-hole  33 , which leads to less wear and/or corrosion, and less noise. For this purpose, the thickness of the projections  250 ,  270  is expediently greater than the diameter of the guide pin  40 , at least in the region in which it passes through the through-hole  33 . 
     It is possible to select the wedge shape or taper of the projections  250 ,  270  such that an increased friction torque is provided in specific regions, for example by the through-hole  33  providing constrictions in specific regions in which the projections  250 ,  270  experience an increased friction during displacement along the profiling  35 . 
     The present disclosure has been explained above on the basis of embodiments in which the first side  35  of the door retainer rod  30  points upwards. It has to be understood that the first side of the door retainer rod can also be inserted into the vehicle in such a way that it points downwards and the first braking element  50  presses against the first side  35  from below. 
     The present disclosure has been explained above on the basis of an embodiment in which the retaining portions  22 ,  23  are parts of a retainer housing  20  which delimits an opening  21  for the passage of the door retainer rod  30 . It has to be understood that a retainer housing, which laterally delimits the door retainer rod  30 , is no longer required if the guide pin  40 ,  140  passes through the door retainer rod in the region of its central through-hole  33  because in this case an edge-side guidance of the door retainer rod  30  is not necessary. 
     The present disclosure has been explained above on the basis of embodiments in which only a first side  35  of the door retainer rod  30  is acted upon by a first braking element  50 . It has to be understood that door retainer rods can also have two sides, each of which is acted upon by a braking element  50  for generating a braking torque. 
     The present disclosure has been explained above on the basis of an embodiment in which the guide pin  40 ,  140  is connected to the retaining portions  22 ,  23 ,  122 ,  123  by riveting and thus connects them to one another. It has to be understood that there are also other possibilities for connecting the guide pin, in particular when the guide pin is equipped with threaded portions at the end, and that the spring force of the spring member  60  can also be finely adjusted as a result. In order to prevent an adjustment of the guide pin afterwards, the guide pin can be fixed to the retaining portions with a welding point or the like. 
     The present disclosure has been explained above on the basis of an embodiment in which the elongate through-hole  33  of the door retainer rod  30  has a constant width. It has to be understood that constrictions or widenings can also be provided in the through-hole, which generate an additional braking torque when the door retainer rod  30  is moved relative to the guide pin  40 ,  140 . 
     A special feature of the door arrester  1 ,  101  according to the present disclosure is that the door retainer rod  30  and the first braking element  40  are both captively connected to the same guide pin  40 ,  140 , which avoids an incorrect pairing of door retainer rod  30  and retainer housing  20  or retaining portions  122 ,  123 . 
     The present disclosure has been described above on the basis of a plurality of specific embodiments. It has to be understood that the individual elements of the embodiments, for example the retainer housing or the door retainer rod, can each be combined with the other elements of the other embodiments. Such combinations are expressly part of the subject matter of the present description.