Patent Publication Number: US-6336301-B1

Title: Concrete form system ledge assembly and method

Description:
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/107,200, which was filed on Nov. 5, 1998, which is fully incorporated herein. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to a method and system for use in forming concrete walls, blocks and other components. The invention relates more particularly to components of a concrete form system, and methods of using the same, including: i) side panels having an improved web member structure embedded therein; ii) a connector link for joining two or more connectors spanning between two side panels of the concrete form system to create a form cavity of extended incremental width dimension; iii) a ledge assembly for providing a bearing surface, such as for supporting a brick fascia, a flooring system, or other components; iv) a corner web member for incorporation into corner side panels of the concrete form system for attachment of wall cladding; and v) a termite infestation identification surface incorporated into a side panel of the concrete from system. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     Concrete walls in building construction traditionally have been produced by first setting up two spaced apart form panels and pouring concrete into the space between the form panels. After the concrete hardens, the builder then removes the forms, leaving the cured concrete wall. This technique has been found to present a number of drawbacks. For example, formation of concrete walls using the traditional technique is inefficient because of the time required to erect the forms, wait until the concrete cures, and take down the forms. The traditional forming and fabricating technique, therefore, is an expensive, labor-intensive process. Moreover, the provision of a ledge or other bearing surface using traditional forming techniques greatly increases the complexity and expense of a project. 
     Improved techniques have been developed for forming modular concrete walls, using a foam insulating material for the form panels. The modular form panels are set up, typically generally parallel to each other, with connecting components holding the two form panels in place relative to each other. Concrete is then poured into the space between the foam form panels. Unlike the traditional forming technique, however, the foam form panels remain in place after the concrete has cured. That is, the form panels become a permanent part of the building after the concrete cures. The concrete walls made using this technique can be stacked on top of each other many stories high to form all of a building&#39;s walls. In addition to the efficiency gained by eliminating the need for removal of the form panels from the structure, the foam material of the form panels provides the finished wall with improved thermal insulation and acoustical impedence characteristics, as compared to bare concrete walls. 
     A number of variations of modular insulating concrete forms and methods for their use have been developed. Concrete form systems utilizing opposed side panel forms joined by connectors to define a chamber therebetween are known. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,698,947; 4,730,422 and 4,884,382, all incorporated herein by reference, disclose concrete form systems incorporating connectors for holding the side panels in spaced relation; and U.S. Pat. No. Des. 378,049, also incorporated herein by reference, discloses a connector for such systems. Although the exemplified prior art proposed variations to achieve improvements with concrete form systems, drawbacks still exist for each design. The connecting components used in the prior art to hold the walls are typically constructed of plastic foam, high density plastic, or a metal bridge, which acts as a non-structural support, i.e., once the concrete cures, the connecting components serve no function. 
     A further exemplified embodiment of a prior art connecting component for a concrete form system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,390,459, which issued to Mensen, on Feb. 21, 1995 and which is incorporated herein by reference. This patent discloses “bridging members” that comprise end plates connected by a plurality of web members. The bridging members also use reinforcing ribs, reinforcing webs, reinforcing members extending from the upper edge of the web member to the top side of the end plates, and reinforcing members extending from the lower edge of the web member to the bottom side of the end plates. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, this support system is expensive to construct, which, in turn, increases the cost of the formed wall. It has been found that such concrete form systems may be improved upon through the provision of a modified web member in place of the above described web member  16 . 
     One further disadvantage common to the prior art concrete form systems is the limited ability to vary the spacing between side panels of the forms, and thereby, the thickness of the finished concrete wall. Typically, connectors or bridging members are provided in several standard lengths, often in two-inch increments (i.e., 2″, 4″, 6″ and 8″), to produce standard wall thicknesses. It has been found desirable however, for certain applications, to produce walls of greater or different thickness than is permitted using standard length connectors. For example, desired wall thicknesses of up to and possibly exceeding 24″ may be encountered. Typically, however, owing in part to the dimensions of associated commercially available building materials, walls are formed with thicknesses of even two-inch increments. The provision of separate connectors manufactured in lengths adapted to produce walls of every potential incremental thickness (e.g., 4″, 6″, 8″, . . . up to 24″ or more) would be prohibitively expensive. Known adjustable length connectors are expensive to produce and complicated to install, thus increasing fabrication costs and potential for incorrect adjustment and installation. Thus, it has been found that a need exists for a concrete form system and method of concrete fabrication enabling the production of walls of various thicknesses utilizing standard components. 
     For certain applications during building of concrete structures, it is also often desirable to provide a bearing surface, such as a ledge or shelf, on a concrete wall or other structure. For example, a brick fascia may be provided on the exterior surface of a concrete wall, typically extending upwardly from grade, and/or bearing surfaces for floor joists, floor trusses, ceiling joists or other building components may be required on the interior surface of a wall. Known insulated concrete form systems have been found to present undesirable disadvantages in forming such bearing surfaces. For example, the brick shelf form described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,657,600 has been found less than fully satisfactory due to the presence of thick foam partitions between cut-away areas of the form panels. These foam partitions present substantial interruptions in the concrete bearing surface, potentially weakening the support provided thereby. An additional disadvantage to the brick shelf form described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,657,600 results from the inability to vary the thickness of the wall formed due to the fixed size of the bridging members embedded into the form panels. Thus, it has been found that a need exists for an improved concrete form system and method of concrete fabrication enabling the production of walls and other components including bearing surfaces such a brick ledges and/or floor joists. 
     In the construction of a building, it is also often desirable, and in some cases required by local building ordinance, to provide a termite infestation detection structure on a concrete wall or other structure having insulated side panels. Unfortunately, the various other concrete form systems utilizing opposed side panel forms enclosing a core of concrete, exemplified in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,698,947; 4,730,422; and 4,884,382, may allow the undetected infiltration of termites via the insulated side panels into vulnerable structures, such as for example wood framed construction, mounted onto the concrete form system. Typical detection of termite infestation requires some form of visual detection of the presence of the unwanted insects. However, because the infiltration typically occurs between the concrete in the cavity and the interior surface of the side panel or within the material forming the side panel, any damaging infestation may not be detected until significant damage to the vulnerable structures has been completed. Thus, it has been found that a need exists for a method of concrete fabrication enabling the production of walls incorporating a termite detection surface for visual detection of possible termite infestation of the building. 
     It is to the provision of a concrete form system and method of concrete wall fabrication meeting these and other needs that the present invention is primarily directed. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Briefly described, the present invention comprises a concrete form system and a method of fabrication for the production of concrete walls, blocks, beams, ledges, foundations, floor and roof panels that overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. The present invention further includes improved components for the concrete form system and concrete structures formed by such a system, components, and/or methods. 
     Applicant&#39;s U.S. Pat. No. 6,170,220, U.S. Ser. No. 09/008,437, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,887,401, which are incorporated in their entirety herein by reference, disclose improved concrete form systems and methods. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, and as disclosed in the applicant&#39;s 1220 patent and the &#39;401 patent, an example concrete form system is shown that is capable of adaptation and use with the improvements and components of the present invention. Opposed longitudinally-extending side panels  10 ,  12  comprise the form panels, defining a cavity  14  therebetween, into which uncured concrete is poured to fabricate a concrete block, wall, panel or other component. Each side panel  10 ,  12  incorporates a number of web members  16 , partially embedded within or otherwise attached to the side panel  10 ,  12 , and having one or more attachment points  17  external of the side panel  10 ,  12 . Since the web member is an integral part of the side panel, it “locks” the side panel to the concrete once the concrete is poured and cures within the cavity. Each web member preferably has an end plate disposed adjacent the exterior surface of the respective side panel. The end plates may be located slightly below the exterior surface of, or recessed within, the side panel, preferably at a distance of one-quarter (¼) of an inch from the exterior surface or may abut the exterior surface of the panels so that a portion of the end plate is exposed over the exterior surface. The end plates provide a mounting surface for the allow for secure attachment of, for example, exterior fascia such as siding. 
     Opposed pairs of attachment points  17  of the of web members  16  attached to each side panel  10 ,  12  are joined by connectors  18 . The attachment points of each web member are also oriented substantially upright so that one attachment point is disposed above another attachment point. As best shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of attachment points of each web member are vertically disposed within the cavity in a substantially linear relationship. Each connector  18  includes first and second connector couplings that engage opposed attachment points  17  of the side panels  10 ,  12 . One or more mounting apertures  24  can be provided on the connectors  18  for receiving re-bar. 
     In one aspect, the present invention provides a concrete form system having at least one longitudinally-extending side panel, and more preferably, a first longitudinally-extending side panel and a second longitudinally-extending side panel having opposed interior faces spaced apart to define a cavity therebetween. The side panels preferably comprise an insulating material, such as expanded polystyrene (EPS). Each side panel preferably includes at least one web member disposed and integrally formed at least partially within the side panel and extending from adjacent the exterior surface of the side panel through and out of the interior surface of the side panel. The portion of the web member extending from the interior surface of the side panel forms at least one upper attachment coupling, at least one lower attachment coupling, and a medial attachment coupling. The system preferably further comprises one or more connectors for detachable engagement with the attachment couplings of the web members. 
     In one preferred embodiment, the improved web member includes an end plate, a plurality of support struts extending from the end plate, and attachment couplings connected to each of the support struts, distal the end plate. In a further preferred embodiment, the web member has two upper attachment couplings, two lower attachment couplings, and a medial attachment coupling and five support struts, arranged in a generally linear array comprising a first group of two support struts and two upper attachment couplings, a second group of two support struts and two lower attachment couplings, and a medial strut and attachment coupling disposed between the first and second groups. 
     Still further, the web member may have a plurality of bridging members and end struts to add structural rigidity to the web member. The bridging members preferably extend between adjacent support struts and the ends of the bridging members and are preferably connected near the respective distal ends of adjacent support struts proximate the connected attachment coupling. Preferably, the web member may also have a first end strut and a second end strut, the first end strut extending from the end plate near the top edge of the end plate to near the distal end of the closet adjacent support strut and the second end strut extending from the end plate near the bottom end of the end plate to near the distal end of the closest adjacent support strut. 
     In use, the first and second side panels are first vertically disposed so that a portion of the interior surfaces of the side panels are spaced apart from each other to form a cavity. When the side panels are disposed in this manner, the attachment couplings of the web members which extend from, and are spaced apart from, the interior surface of each side panel are preferably arranged so that the attachment couplings of one web member opposes and is spaced apart a predetermined distance from the attachment couplings of the other web member in the other side panel. At least one connector is detachably attached to two opposing attachment couplings to connect the two erected side panels and the cavity is substantially filled with concrete for curing therein. 
     Another aspect of the present invention provides an insulated concrete slab structure. In preferred form, the insulated concrete slab structure includes at least one side panel, at least one web member, and a concrete slab having a surface in contact with at least one side panel. In this aspect, it is preferred that the improved web member be disposed and integrally formed at least partially within each side panel and have at least one upper attachment point, at least one lower attachment point, and a medial attachment point that is disposed within said concrete slab. 
     The concrete form system may also include a ledge assembly. The ledge assembly preferably includes a ledge panel, at least one ledge web member, and a plurality of ledge attachment couplings. The ledge panel preferably has a ledge interior surface, an opposing ledge exterior surface, a lower edge, an upper edge and a generally planar panel body extending therebetween. Each ledge web member has an embedded portion that is partially disposed and integrally formed within the panel body, and an exposed portion extending outward of the ledge interior surface of the panel body. The ledge attachment couplings are preferably arranged in a generally linear array along the exposed portion of ledge web member, the generally linear array of attachment couplings preferably forming an acute angle with the generally planar panel body. The lower edge of the ledge panel can optionally include a first mounting coupling for engaging a lower side panel component of the concrete form system, and the ledge web member can optionally include a second mounting coupling for engaging an upper side panel component of the concrete form system. 
     In one preferred embodiment of the ledge assembly, a portion of the ledge interior surface of the ledge panel faces, and is spaced apart from, a portion of the interior surface of a side panel to form a ledge cavity therebetween. The attachment couplings of the web members of the side panel and the ledge attachment couplings of the ledge web members are preferably generally disposed in opposition within the ledge cavity. Further, it is preferred that the attachment couplings of the side panel are generally aligned in a first plane adjacent to, and preferably parallel to, the interior surface of the side panel and the ledge attachment couplings of the ledge web members are preferably generally disposed parallel to the first plane so that the attachment couplings and the opposed ledge attachment couplings are spaced apart a predetermined distance. The ledge panel preferably extends at an acute angle from the first plane in the direction of the ledge exterior surface of the ledge panel. The concrete form system preferably further includes a plurality of connectors engaged between the ledge attachment couplings of the ledge web members and the attachment couplings of the web members. 
     The concrete form system can optionally further include a second ledge panel assembly having a second ledge panel and a plurality of second ledge attachment couplings. In this embodiment, the second ledge attachment couplings of the second ledge panel assembly are generally aligned along a second plane adjacent the interior surface of the second side panel to which the second ledge panel assembly is attached, with the second ledge panel extending at an acute angle from the second plane in the direction of the exterior surface of the second side panel. It is preferred that the second ledge attachment coupling be spaced apart from and in opposition to one or more attachment coupling of an opposing side wall or one or more ledge attachment couplings of an opposing ledge panel. The connectors can be detachedly engaged to any two opposing attachment couplings. Thus, additional bearing surfaces can be provided in like manner on either or both surfaces of the wall. 
     In use, the present invention provides a method of fabricating a concrete wall or other component having one or more weight bearing ledge surfaces. In preferred form, the method of providing a weight bearing ledge surface comprises the step of erecting a first form panel having an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a plurality of attachment points generally aligned along a first plane adjacent the interior surface, and erecting a second form panel having an interior surface, an exterior surface, and a plurality of attachment points generally aligned along a second plane adjacent the interior surface. The interior surfaces of the first and second form panels confront one another and are separated a distance to define a cavity therebetween. The method further comprises installing a ledge panel assembly having a ledge panel and a plurality of attachment couplings onto the top of the first side panel. The ledge attachment couplings of the ledge panel assembly are preferably installed to be generally aligned with the attachment couplings along the first plane, and the ledge panel extends at an acute angle from the first plane in the direction of the exterior surface of the first side panel and from the interior surface of the second side panel to define a ledge cavity therebetween the ledge panel and the second side panel. The method further comprises engaging a plurality of connectors between attachment points aligned along the first plane and attachment points aligned along the second plane. The method further comprises substantially filling the cavity between the first and second side panels and the ledge cavity with concrete. 
     The concrete form system and method of the present invention may also provide a corner web member. Here, the concrete form system has a first corner panel having two longitudinally-extending side panels connected to form a substantially vertical corner panel edge in the exterior surface of the corner panel. The corner panel may be connected to other longitudinally-extending side panels of the structure described above. The corner web member includes a corner flange member, a bridging member, and a plurality of support struts. The corner flange member has a longitudinally-extending first leg and a longitudinally-extending second leg connected to form a corner flange edge in the upper surface of the corner flange member. The proximal end of each support strut connected to the lower surface of the corner flange member and the distal end of each support strut connected to the top edge of the bridging member to structurally stabilize the corner web member. 
     The corner web member is partially disposed and integrally formed within the first corner panel so that a portion of the corner web member extends through the interior surface of the first corner panel. The corner flange member and the proximal end of each support strut is embedded within the first corner panel. It is preferred that the corner flange member be adapted to frictionally hold a metal fastener therein and be disposed adjacent the exterior surface of the corner panel. It is further preferred to dispose the corner flange member of the corner web member within the first corner panel so that the corner flange edge of the corner flange member is substantially parallel to the corner panel edge of the corner panel. The corner flange member is preferably shaped so that the upper surface of the corner flange member is substantially parallel to the exterior surface of the corner panel, i.e., if the corner panel is “L” shaped, the corner flange member is also preferably “L” shaped. 
     The corner web member may also have a support flange member having an upper surface which is connected to the bottom edge of the bridging member. The support flange member is spaced apart from, and preferably parallel to, the interior surface of the corner panel. The support flange member preferably has a shape that is complementary to the shape of the corner flange member, i.e., if the corner flange member is “L” shaped, the support flange member is also preferably “L” shaped. 
     The present invention may also include a method of fabricating a concrete structure having a corner web member. In this method of using the concrete forming system, a first and a second corner panel are erected so that a portion of the interior surface of the first corner panel faces, and is spaced apart from, a portion of the interior surface of the second corner panel so that a cavity is formed. The first corner panel has a corner web member partially disposed within the first corner panel so that a portion of the corner web member extends through the interior surface of the first corner panel into the cavity between the first and second corner panels. The first and second corner panels preferably each have a plurality of attachment couplings spaced apart from the interior surfaces of the first and second corner panels. Next, a connector is attached to at least one opposing pair of attachment couplings extending from the respective first and second side panels. Finally, the cavity formed between the first and second corner panels is substantially filed with concrete and allowed to cure. 
     The concrete form system and method of the present invention may also allow the combination of standard connectors and/or connector links in various manners to create a concrete structure of any desired thickness. In this embodiment, the concrete forming system preferably includes first and second longitudinally-extending side panels having opposed interior faces defining a cavity therebetween. Each of the side panels has at least one attachment coupling. The concrete form system preferably further includes at least two connectors disposed within the cavity between the side panels and a connector link disposed within the cavity between two opposing connectors. Each connector has a first end with a first connector coupling, an opposing second end having a second connector coupling, and a first length extending therebetween. Preferably, the first and second connector couplings have the same shape. The first connector coupling is adapted to engage one attachment coupling of the side panel. 
     The concrete form system preferably further includes a connector link having a proximal end having a first link coupling and a distal end having a second link coupling. The first link coupling and the second link coupling are adapted to engage the second connector coupling of a connector of the concrete form system. The connector link preferably includes a substantially rigid body portion extending between the proximal and distal ends of the connector link. In a preferred embodiment, the first and second link couplings have the same shape as the attachment couplings of the side panels of the concrete form system so that connector components of the concrete form system can engage the attachment couplings or the connector link couplings. Thus, the connector link can be directly coupled to any two opposing connector and any desired dimensional increments may be achieved through the coupling of one or more intermediate links and/or connectors. 
     In use, the method of constructing a concrete structure for this embodiment of the present invention preferably comprises the steps of erecting first and second form panels so that opposed interior faces of the first and second form panels define a cavity therebetween, engaging a first connector with the first form panel, engaging a second connector with the second form panel, attaching a connector link between the first connector and the second connector, and substantially filling the cavity with concrete to be cured therein. 
     Further, the method of the present invention for constructing a concrete structure having a termite infestation detection surface comprises the steps of: providing two longitudinally-extending side panels, detachably securing a longitudinally-extending support panel to the exterior surface of one of the side panels so that the interior surface of the support panel overlies the exterior surface of the side panel, removing a longitudinally-extending strip of the side panel having the secured support panel so that a longitudinally-extending portion of the interior surface of said side panel is exposed, wherein the strip has a width less than the width of the support panel, erecting the side panels so that a portion of the interior surface of the side panel having the secured support panel and a portion of the exposed interior surface of the secured support panel faces a portion of, and are laterally spaced therefrom, the interior surface of the other side panel to form a cavity therebetween, attaching a connector to the attachment couplings of two opposed web members which are within the opposed side panels, pouring concrete into the cavity formed between the side panels to be cured therein, and subsequently removing the support panel from the exterior surface of the side panel after the concrete has cured to expose the surface of the cured concrete. The exposed surface preferably extends the longitudinal length of the side panel and forms the termite infestation detection surface. Termites are forced to traverse the exposed termite infestation detection surface to reach the portion of the concrete structure above the detection surface and may be visually detected thereon the detection surface. 
     These and other features and advantages of preferred component and methods of the present invention will become more readily apparent from the following detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a concrete form system. 
     FIG. 2 is a front perspective view of one side panel of the concrete form system shown in FIG. 1, in which the web members show four attachment couplings extending through the interior surface of the side panel, two web members show two connectors attached to attachment couplings, and one web member shows two connectors and another web member attached thereto. 
     FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a connector component of the concrete form system shown in FIG.  1 . 
     FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an improved web member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 is a side view of the improved web member shown in FIG.  4 . 
     FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a side panel showing the improved web member shown in FIG. 4 partially disposed within the side panel. 
     FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the side panel shown in FIG. 6, in which a portion of the side panel is cut away to show the body portion of the web member partially disposed and integrally formed within the side panel. 
     FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a ledge panel assembly of the concrete form system used to fabricate a concrete wall having a weight bearing ledge surface, showing a re-enforcing re-bar providing additional structural support to the ledge panel assembly. 
     FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a ledge panel assembly of the concrete form system shown in FIG.  8 . 
     FIG. 10 is a side view of the ledge panel assembly shown in FIG.  9 . 
     FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a ledge web member of the ledge panel assembly shown in FIG.  9 . 
     FIG. 12 is a side view of the ledge web member shown in FIG.  11 . 
     FIG. 13 is a side, cross-sectional view of two ledge panels assemblies on opposing sides of a concrete wall structure. 
     FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a first corner panel having a corner web member partially disposed and integrally formed within the first corner panel. 
     FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a first and second corner panel spaced apart and connected by a plurality of connectors between opposing attachment couplings extending from the first and second corner panels. 
     FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a corner panel having a corner web member disposed therein. 
     FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a corner web member of the present invention. 
     FIG. 18 is a top view of the corner web member of FIG.  17 . 
     FIG. 19 is a side view of the corner web member of FIG.  17 . 
     FIG. 20 is a perspective top view of a connector link component of the concrete form system of the present invention. 
     FIG. 21 is a perspective bottom view of the connector link shown in FIG.  20 . 
     FIG. 22 is a side view of the connector link shown in FIG.  20 . 
     FIG. 23 is a bottom view of the connector link shown in FIG.  21 . 
     FIG. 24 is a sectional view of the connector link, taken at line  24 — 24  of FIG.  22 . 
     FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the connector link, taken at line  25 — 25  of FIG.  22 . 
     FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the connector link in use within the concrete form system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 27 is a side, cross-sectional view of a termite detection surface of the present invention showing the interior cavity between the respective side panels filled with concrete and the exposed surface of the cured concrete. 
     FIG. 28 is a side, cross-sectional view of a termite detection surface showing a support panel affixed to the exterior surface of one side panel and the interior cavity between the respective side panels filled with concrete. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is more particularly described in the following examples that are intended as illustrative only since numerous modifications and variations therein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. As used in the specification and in the claims, “a” can mean one or more, depending upon the context in which it is used. The preferred embodiments are now described with reference to the figures, in which like numbers indicate like parts throughout the figures. 
     As described above, FIGS. 1-3 show an example concrete form system having first and second side panels  10 ,  12 , each including one or more web members  16  with attachment couplings  17  extending outward of the side panels  10 ,  12 . One or more connectors  18  having first and second coupling elements at opposite ends thereof engage the attachment couplings  17  of web members  16 , or otherwise retain the side panels  10 ,  12  in a spaced apart configuration, to define a cavity  14  between the opposed interior faces of the panels  10 ,  12 . Concrete is poured into the cavity  14  to form a concrete wall, block, beam, foundation, floor or roof panel, or other concrete component, of a shape and dimension defined by the cavity  14 . 
     The depicted embodiment of the present invention, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, comprises at least two opposed longitudinally-extending side panels  10 ,  12 , between which concrete is poured to bond with the form panels. A second embodiment of the present invention involves using a single side panel  10  that bonds with the concrete, for example to form a concrete slab, instead of using opposed side panels  10 ,  12  on both sides of the concrete. Each side panel  10 ,  12  has, a top end, a bottom end, a first end, a second end, an exterior surface,  10   e ,  12   e , and an interior surface  10   i ,  12   i . An example side panel  10 ,  12  can be provided having a thickness (separation between the interior surface and exterior surface) of approximately two and a half (2½) inches, a height (separation between the bottom end and the top end) of sixteen (16) inches, and a length (separation between the first end and second end) of forty-eight (48) inches. In an alternative example, the side panels  10 ,  12  may have a thickness of approximately two (2) inches, a height of approximately twenty-four (24) inches, and a length of approximately forty-eight (48) inches. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, providing a side panel  10 ,  12  of extended height allows for an increased speed of construction as fewer layers of the side panels must be constructed to provide a wall of a desired height. Also, having a side panel thickness of approximately two inches allows the overall wall thickness, in a typical wall construction using a four inch connector, to match the existing wall dimensional thickness of conventional concrete block/masonry or wood frame construction. By matching the construction industries conventional standard dimensions, and therefore not changing usable interior space from conventional construction standard, an insulating concrete form (“ICF”) system, such as the present invention, becomes highly advantageous because of the superior strength of its monolithic reinforced concrete, sound proofing, and superior fire rating when compared to conventional construction methods. 
     The dimensions can be further altered, if desired, for different building projects, such as increasing the thickness of the form panels  10 ,  12  for more insulation. Half sections of the form panels  10 ,  12  can be used for footings. It will also be understood that the side panels  10 ,  12  may take any of a number of configurations, including for example: flat panels; curved panels; corner panels of various angular displacement; panels comprising indentations, projections or other surface features; door, window or other opening forms; and/or other configurations. 
     The interior surface  10   i  of one side panel  10  preferably faces the interior surface  12   i  of another side panel  12  in the first embodiment and the opposed interior surfaces  10   i ,  12   i  are laterally spaced apart from each other a desired separation distance so that a cavity  14  of predetermined width is formed therebetween. Concrete—in its fluid state—is poured into the cavity  14  and allowed to cure (i.e., harden) therein to form the wall. The volume of concrete received within the cavity  14  is defined by the separation distance between the interior surfaces  10   i ,  12   i . the height of the side panels  10 ,  12 , and the length of the side panels  10 ,  12 . 
     The side panels  10 ,  12  are preferably constructed of polystyrene, specifically expanded polystyrene (“EPS”), which provides thermal insulation and sufficient strength to hold the poured concrete until it substantially cures. The formed concrete wall using polystyrene with the poured concrete has a high insulating value so that no additional insulation is usually required. In addition, the formed walls have a high impedance to sound transmission. 
     As described in greater detail in U.S. Pat. No. 6,170,220, incorporated in its entirety herein by reference, the interior surfaces  10   i ,  12   i  of the side panels  10 ,  12  preferably includes a series of indentations therein that enhance the bond between the side panels  10 ,  12  and concrete. To improve further the bond between the side panels  10 ,  12  and the concrete poured in the cavity  14 , a portion of each of the web members  16  formed in the side panels  10 ,  12  extends through the interior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12  into the cavity  14 . Since at least a portion of each web member  16  is integrally formed within its respective side panel  10 ,  12 , and the portion of the web member  16  that extends into the cavity  14  is also cured within the concrete, the web member  16  acts to strengthen the connection between the side panel  10 ,  12  and the concrete. That is, since the web member  16  is an integral part of the side panel  10 ,  12 , it “locks” the side panel  10 ,  12  to the concrete once the concrete is poured and cures within the cavity  14  around exposed portions of the web member  16 . 
     Each side panel  10 ,  12  has at least one web member  16  formed into it. Preferably, adjacent web members  16  formed within a side panel  10 ,  12  are separated a predetermined longitudinal distance, which is typically eight (8) inches. Based on the preferred length of the side panel  10 ,  12  of forty-eight inches, approximately six web members  16  may be disposed within each side panel  10 ,  12 . 
     The portions of each web member  16  that extend through the interior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12  form attachment couplings  17 . The attachment couplings  17  are disposed within the cavity  14  and are spaced apart from the interior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12 . One or more connectors  18  detachably engage attachment couplings  17  on opposed web members  16 , which position the interior surfaces  10   i ,  12   i  of the side panels  10 ,  12  at a desired, predetermined, separation distance. The connectors  18 , when operatively connected to the attachment couplings  17  of the respective side panels  10 ,  12 , provide support to the side panels  10 ,  12  when the concrete is poured into the cavity  14 . The ends of the connector  18  are of a shape to complimentarily and removably engage the attachment coupling  17  of two respective web members  16  within opposed panels  10 ,  12 . The attachment couplings  17  may take any of a number of alternate forms, including for example: slots, channels, grooves, projections or recesses formed in the form panels  10 ,  12 ; hooks or eyelets projecting from or formed in the form panels  10 ,  12 ; twist, compression or snap couplings; or other coupling means for engaging cooperating coupling portions of the connectors  18 . Preferably, however, the attachment coupling  17  is substantially rectangular and flat and each end of the connector  18  has a channel and slot forming a connector coupling into which the rectangular shaped attachment coupling  17  is slidably received. 
     As best shown in FIG. 3, the connector  18  preferably also has at least one aperture  24  of a size to complimentarily receive a re-bar (not shown) therein. The re-bar provides reinforcing strength to the formed wall. Alternatively, and as described in greater detail below, a first connector  18  can be engaged with an attachment couplings  17  on first panel  10 , a second connector  18  engaged with an attachment point on second panel  12 , and a connector link engaged between the first and second connectors  18 , thereby enabling the formation of concrete components of selected incremental thicknesses. 
     Referring now to FIGS. 4-7, the present invention provides an improved web member  90  for use in place of the web member  16  described above shown above in FIGS. 1-3. The web members  90  are provided within the side panels  10 ,  12  in substantially the same manner and arrangement as the web members  16 , and serve to engage the connectors  18  in substantially like manner as well. 
     The improved web member  90  preferably comprises an end plate  92 , a plurality of attachment couplings  100 , and a plurality of support struts  94  extending from the end plate  92  the attachment couplings  100 . The web member  90  is partially disposed and integrally formed within each side panel  10 ,  12  so that a portion of each of the web members  90  extends through the respective interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of the side panels  10 ,  12 . 
     The end plate  92  has a top surface  91  and an opposing bottom surface  93  and preferably has a substantially planar, rectangular shape. When a portion of the web member  90  is embedded within a side panel  10 ,  12 , the end plate  92  is preferably substantially completely disposed within a portion of the side panel  10 ,  12 . That is, the end plate  92  is located slightly below the exterior surface of, or recessed within, the side panel  10 ,  12 , preferably at a distance of approximately one-quarter (¼) of an inch from the exterior surface. This position allows for easily smoothing the surface of the side panels  10 ,  12  without cutting the end plate  92  should the concrete, when poured, create a slight bulge in the exterior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12 . Recessing the end plate  92  also provides the additional benefit of providing a uniform exterior surface, which allows external surfacing, such as stucco for example, to be readily applied. Alternatively, the end plate  92  can abut the exterior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12 . It is also preferred in the first embodiment that each end plate  92  is oriented substantially upright and disposed substantially parallel to the exterior surface of the side panels  10 ,  12 . The end plate  92  is preferably adapted to receive and frictionally hold a metal fastener, such as a nail or screw, therein, thus providing “strapping” for a wall system that allows attachment of gypsum board (not shown), interior or exterior wall cladding (not shown), or other interior or exterior siding or wall treatment (not shown). Thus, the web members  90  function to align the side panels  10 ,  12 , hold the side panels  10 ,  12  in place during a concrete pour, structurally support the side panels  10 ,  12  while the concrete cures, enhance the bond between the panels  10 ,  12  and the cured concrete, and provide strapping to connect siding and the like to the formed concrete wall structure. 
     The plurality of support struts  94  of the web member  90  preferably extend generally perpendicularly from the end plate  92 . Each support strut  94  has a proximal end  95 , a distal end  96 , and a first longitudinal-length therebetween. The proximal end  95  of each support strut  94  is connected to the top surface  91  of the end plate  92  and the distal end  96  of each support strut  94  is connected to one attachment coupling  100  or other panel coupling. The proximal end  95  of each support strut  94  is integrally formed within the side panel  10 ,  20  to be embedded therein. The generally perpendicular arrangement of the struts  94  with respect to the end plate  92 , and the co-axial alignment of one of the struts  94  with each attachment point  100 , provides increased strength and resistance to forces encountered as concrete is poured into the cavity  14 . 
     End struts  97  and a plurality of bridging members  110  can also be provided in the improved web member  90  for added strength. The end struts  97  preferably comprise a first end strut  98  and a second end strut  99 . The first end strut  98  preferably extends from the top surface  91  of the end plate  92  near the top edge of the end plate  92  to near the distal end  96  of the closest adjacent support strut  94 . Similarly, the second end strut  99  preferably extends from the top surface  91  of the end plate  92  near the bottom edge of the end plate  92  to near the distal end  96  of the closest adjacent support strut  94 . 
     Each bridging member  110  has a first end  112  and a second end  114  and extends from one support strut  94  to one adjacent support strut  94 . A portion of the bridging member  110  may be partially disposed and integrally formed within the side panel  10 ,  12  to enhance the structural support provided by the web member  90 . That is, the bridging members  110  are located slightly below the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i , of, or recessed within, the side panel  10 ,  12 , or may abut the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of the side panels  10 ,  12  so that a portion of the bridging member  110  is exposed, and/or extends above, the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of the side panels  10 ,  12 . Preferably, the first end  112  of one bridging member  110  is connected near the distal end  96  of one support strut  94  and the second end  114  of the bridging member  110  is connected near the distal end  96  of one other adjacent support strut  94 . The bridging member  110  preferably extends generally perpendicular to the respective support struts  94  to which it is connected. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the addition of the bridging members  110  significantly enhances the structural rigidity of the web member  90 . This desired structural rigidity is further enhanced by the addition of the first and second end struts  98 ,  99 . 
     The modified web member  90  is preferably formed as an integral component, preferably constructed of plastic, and more preferably a high density plastic such as high-density polyethylene, although polypropylene or other suitable polymers may be used. Factors used in choosing the material include the desired strength of the web member  90  and the compatibility of the material of web member  90  with the material used to fabricate side panels  10 ,  12 . As best shown in FIG. 5, the points of connection between the end plate  92 , the struts  94 , the attachment couplings  100 , the end struts  97 , and the bridging members  110  of the web member  90  are preferably chamfered or radiused to eliminate any sharp corners or transitions, and thereby reduce or eliminate any resultant stress concentrations. 
     Each of the attachment couplings  100  preferably comprises a generally rectangular element adapted to be slidably or otherwise engaged within a corresponding channel or connector coupling  20  of the connector  18 . Recesses  102  or other engagement means can be provided on or adjacent the attachment couplings  100  for engagement with cooperating retaining shoulders provided on the connectors  18 , in order to provide more secure attachment. In preferred form, a recess  102  is provided in each face of each strut  94  proximate the attachment couplings  100  of the web member  90 . As seen best with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, it is preferred that the recesses  102  do not penetrate through the entire thickness of the strut  94  of the web member  90 , as such complete penetration may weaken the connection of the attachment point  100  to its respective support strut  94  and may provide a point of mechanical failure. 
     As seen best with reference to FIGS. 4-6, the web member  90  of the present invention preferably comprises a substantially linear array of attachment couplings  100 , comprising at least one upper attachment coupling  104 , at least one lower attachment coupling  106 , and a medial attachment coupling  108 . The attachment couplings  100  are also oriented substantially upright so that one attachment coupling  100  is disposed above another attachment coupling  100 . The attachment couplings  100  are preferably oriented substantially parallel to the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of the respective side panel  10 ,  12  and are thus spaced a predetermined distance from the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i . In a more preferred embodiment, the web member  90  comprises five attachment couplings  100 , each supported by a respective strut  94 . In this embodiment the upper attachment coupling  104  comprises two attachment couplings  100  spaced a first distance apart from each other, the lower attachment coupling  106  comprises two attachment couplings  100  spaced the first distance apart, and the medial attachment coupling  108  comprises one attachment coupling  100 . The closest attachment coupling  100  of the upper attachment coupling  104  is spaced apart from the singular medial attachment coupling  108  a second distance, which is greater than the first distance that separates the couplings  100  forming the upper and lower attachment couplings  104 ,  106 . Similarly, the closest attachment coupling  100  of the lower attachment coupling  106  is spaced apart from the singular medial attachment coupling  108  by the second distance. Thus, the web member  90  advantageously comprises a first group of two struts  94  and attachment couplings  100  (the upper attachment couplings  104 ); a second group of two struts  94  and attachment couplings  100  (the lower attachment couplings  106 ); and a medial strut  94  and medial attachment coupling  108  between the first and second groups. 
     In an alternative embodiment of the web member  90 , the web member  90  of the present invention comprises a substantially linear array of seven attachment couplings  100 , each supported by a respective strut  94 . In this embodiment, the upper attachment coupling  104  comprises three attachment couplings  100  spaced a longitudinal distance apart, the lower attachment coupling  106  comprises three attachment couplings  100  spaced the longitudinal distance apart, and the medial attachment coupling  108  comprises one attachment coupling  100 . The closest attachment coupling  100  of the upper and lower attachment couplings  104 ,  106  is spaced apart from the singular medial attachment coupling  108  by a distance greater than, or approximately equal to, the longitudinal distance. Thus, the web member  90  advantageously comprises a first group of three struts  94  and attachment couplings  100  (the upper attachment couplings  104 ); a second group of two struts  94  and attachment couplings  100  (the lower attachment couplings  106 ; and a medial strut  94  and medial attachment coupling  108  between the first and second group, wherein the attachment couplings  100  of the web member  90  are preferably equally spaced apart from each other. 
     The provision of a medial attachment coupling  108  advantageously enables side panels  10 ,  12  to be cut horizontally to produce concrete components of selected heights, while still providing sufficient bracing and support for the side panels  10 ,  12  during the concrete pour. For example, the side panels  10 ,  12  can be cut horizontally, just above the medial attachment coupling  108  of the web members  90  within the panels  10 ,  12 , and the panels  10 ,  12  will be adequately supported during the subsequent concrete pour by installing connectors  18  that engage the remaining attachment couplings  100 . The spacing and use of the upper, lower, and medial attachment couplings  104 ,  106 ,  108  allow wide flexibility in the horizontal cutting of the side panels  10 ,  12  and web members  90  over a wide variety of heights to satisfy desired or requisite architectural requirements, without the necessity of providing extensive bracing to resist collapsing when concrete is poured into the cavity  14 . The improved web member  90  of the present invention provides at least two attachment couplings  100  on the affected web member  90  after a requisite horizontal cut of the side panel  10 ,  12  and web members  90  which is sufficient to maintain the structural integrity of the formed wall. 
     Although FIGS. 1,  2  and  6 , depict linear side panels  10 ,  12 , the web member  90  of the present invention is also applicable to use with corner side panel sections of various angular offsets, as well as non-linear side panels for producing curved components. 
     As described above, the concrete system of the present invention comprises one or more side panels  10 ,  12 , each comprising one or more web members  90  disposed therein. Attachment couplings  100  of the web members  90  are engaged with corresponding connector couplings  20  of connectors  18  for retaining the relative positions of the side panels  10 ,  20  during pouring of the concrete into the cavity  14 . In this manner, an insulated concrete structure is provided. The resulting insulated concrete structure preferably includes at least one side panel  10 ,  12 ; at least one web member  90  disposed at least partially within each side panel  10 ,  12 , having at least one upper attachment coupling  104 , at least one lower attachment coupling  106 , and a medial attachment coupling  108 ; and a concrete slab having a surface in contact with the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of at least one side panel  10 ,  12 . As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the portions of the web member  90  that extend from the interior surface  10   i ,  12   i  of the panel  10 ,  12 , which includes the attachment couplings  100 , are cured within the concrete so that the web member  90  strengthens the connection between the side panel  10 ,  12  and the concrete. That is, since the exposed portions of the web member  90  extend into the cavity  14  and a portion of the web member  90  is an integral part of the side panel  10 ,  12 , the side panel  10 ,  12  is “locked” to the concrete once the concrete is poured and cures within the cavity  14 . 
     The present invention further enables a method of constructing a concrete structure. In preferred form, the method of the present invention comprises providing at least one side panel  10 ,  12  comprising a web member  90  having attachment points  100  for engaging connectors  18 . The method of the present invention preferably further comprises erecting the side panels  10 ,  12  to define a cavity  14 , and pouring concrete into the cavity  14  to form a concrete slab or other component. 
     With reference to FIGS. 8-13, the present invention provides for the fabrication of a concrete structure having one or more bearing surfaces such as for example, a brick ledge  150  for supporting a brick fascia  152 , a shelf  154  for supporting a floor system  156  or other structure. One or more ledge panel assemblies  200  are installed on a form panel  10 ,  12  according to the method described below, to form a ledge cavity  206 , which is filled with concrete to form the bearing surface. FIGS. 9 and 10 show a preferred form of the ledge panel assembly  200  of the present invention in greater detail. In preferred form, the ledge panel assembly  200  generally comprises a ledge panel  208  having a lower edge  210 , an upper edge  212 , and a generally planar panel body  214  extending therebetween. The ledge assembly  200  is preferably constructed of high-density plastic. A first mounting coupling can be provided on the lower edge  210 , for alignment and for more securely retaining the ledge panel assembly  200  on an underlying lower side panel  10 ,  12 . For example, the preferred embodiment of the first mounting coupling, as depicted in the figures, comprises a slot  213 , for engaging a corresponding key  13 , shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, provided on the top edge of the underlying lower side panel  10 ,  12 . The key  13  and slot  213  can be provided with cooperating projections and recesses for more secure engagement. 
     The ledge panel  208  further comprises an interior face  216  and an exterior face  218 . Similar to the side panels  10 ,  12  discussed above, the interior face  216  is preferably slotted or provided with other surface features to increase the available surface area on the interior face  216  to provide more secure bonding between the ledge panel  208  and the concrete. The exterior face  218  of the ledge panel  208  adjacent the upper edge  212  is preferably mitered with a plumb cut  220 , whereby the upper edge  212  has a reduced thickness t, preferably of approximately ½ inches. In this manner, the apparent thickness of the panel  208  is minimized for improved aesthetics, while maintaining substantially the full thickness, strength and insulative capacity of the panel  208  throughout substantially the remainder of its length. 
     The ledge panel assembly  200  preferably further comprises one or more ledge web members  230 , shown in greater detail in FIGS. 10-12. Each ledge web member  230  preferably comprises an embedded portion  232  which is embedded or otherwise integrally formed within the panel body  214 , and an exposed portion  234  extending outward of the panel body  214 . The embedded portion preferably comprises a end plate  236 , which is preferably embedded adjacent the exterior face  218  of the panel body  214 . The ledge member end plate  236  provides structural strength to the panel body  214 , and provides strapping for attachment of siding, wallboard, or other wall treatment. A plurality of struts  238 , preferably approximately six, extend from the end plate  236 , to support a medial flange  240 , which is preferably embedded or otherwise integrally formed within the panel body  214  adjacent the interior face  216  of the panel body  214 . 
     The exposed portion  234  of each ledge web member  230  preferably further comprises a plurality of support ribs  242  extending from the medial flange  240  to support an attachment flange  244 . The attachment flange  244  preferably carries a generally linear array of ledge attachment couplings  250  formed from the portion of the ledge web member  230  that extends outward of the ledge panel  208  into the ledge cavity  206 . The ledge attachment couplings  250  are preferably substantially similar to the attachment points  17  or  100  of the web members  16  or  90 , respectively, described above and are capable of engagement with the connector couplings  20  of standard connectors  18 . In the preferred embodiment depicted, the ledge panel assembly  200  has three spaced-apart ledge attachment couplings  250 . It is also preferred that the ledge attachment couplings  250  of one ledge web member  230  be disposed in a substantially linear relationship with each other. That is, one ledge attachment coupling  250  is disposed above an adjacent ledge attachment coupling  250 . Further, it is preferred that the ledge attachment couplings  250  of a ledge web member  230  are equally spaced apart. 
     As seen best with reference to FIGS. 8 and 10, the substantially linear array of ledge attachment couplings  250  are parallel to first plane F of the interior surface of the first side panel  10 . Further, it is preferred that the attachment couplings of the side panel upon which the ledge assembly  200  is mounted and the ledge attachment couplings of the ledge assembly  200  are generally disposed in the same plane. This allows the attachment couplings of opposed side panels  10 ,  12  and the ledge attachment couplings  250  and attachment coupling of opposed side panel(s)  10 ,  12  to be spaced a predetermined distance apart. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, by spacing the respective attachment couplings and ledge attachment couplings the predetermined distance apart, a selected length connector, and/or connector link, may be used to bridge the gap between the respective opposing attachment couplings and ledge attachment couplings. 
     The generally linear array of the ledge attachment couplings  250  of the ledge web members  230  preferably forms an acute angle α with the panel body  170 . The exposed portion  234  of the ledge web member  230  preferably further comprises one or more ledge apertures  260  for engaging a generally horizontal, longitudinally extending, span of re-bar. It is preferred that the ledge aperture  260  is formed in the upper surface of the uppermost support rib  242  of the ledge assembly  200 . In use, the span of re-bar is extended through the aperture  260  of each of the ledge web members  230  of the ledge assembly  200 . As shown in FIG. 8, the present invention contemplates reinforcing the ledge assembly with re-bar for increased structural strength of the formed ledge surface. Here, a second longitudinally extending span of re-bar is placed in a connector aperture  24  of a connector  18  so that the respective spans of rebar are parallel to each other and are co-planer. Subsequently, at least one hook shaped re-bar form  290  is set onto both the spans of re-bar so that the hook shaped re-bar form is disposed and secured within the ledge cavity  206 . The re-bar is “locked” to the structure of the present invention within the ledge cavity  206  when the concrete sets within the cavity  206 . 
     The ledge assembly  200  also preferably has a second mounting coupling for engaging an upper side panel  10 ,  12  of the concrete form system stacked above the ledge assembly  200 . Preferably the second mounting coupling is formed on the exposed portion  234  of the ledge web member  230 . The second mounting coupling preferably has a key shape  272  that is adapted to be complimentarily mated into a slot within the lower edge of the side panel  10 ,  12  for alignment and more secure attachment between the ledge assembly  200  and the upper side panel  10 ,  12 . 
     As seen best with reference to FIGS. 8 and 12, one or more ledge assemblies  200  are installed within the concrete form system by mounting the lower edge  210  of the ledge panel  208  onto the top of an underlying lower side panel  10 ,  12 . For clarity, the arrangement of a single ledge assembly  200  installed onto the second side panel  12 , in opposition to the side panel  10 , will be described. It will be understood, however, that this arrangement can be repeated at various positions on the second side panel  12  to form multiple bearing surfaces. Also, one or more ledge assemblies  200  can be installed on the first side panel  10 , in mirror image fashion. In this manner, opposed bearing surfaces can be formed at the same level, and or staggered at different levels, on both side panels  10 ,  12 . If provided, the first mounting coupling of the ledge panel is engaged between the ledge assembly  200  and the side panel  12 , for example, by engaging the slot  213  with a cooperating projection or key  13  provided on the top edge of the lower side panel  12  as shown in FIG.  1 . The ledge attachment couplings  250  of the ledge assembly  200  are generally parallel to the first plane F of the first side panel  10 , which is erected in opposition to the ledge assembly  100  (or generally parallel to the second plane S of the second side panel  12  if the ledge assembly is erected on the first side panel). More particularly, the ledge attachment points of the ledge assembly are generally aligned in the same plane A as the attachment points of the underlying second side panels  12  (or generally in plane B for ledge assemblies  200  installed on underlying first side panel  10 ). In this position, the ledge panel  208  will extend at the acute angle α, shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, outward from the plane A, or B, of the attachment points  17  or  100  in the direction of the exterior surface  12   e  of the side panel  12 . 
     In the installed configuration of the ledge assembly  200 , the struts  238  and the ribs  242  are preferably generally horizontally aligned, and the attachment flange  244  is generally vertical. The outward extension of the ledge panel  208 , in opposition to the opposing side panel  10 , forms the ledge cavity  206 , which is filled with concrete to form the brick ledge bearing surface or other bearing surface. One or more connectors  18  are engaged between ledge attachment couplings  250  of the ledge assembly  200 , and the attachment points  17  or  100  of the opposed side panel  10 . 
     In the arrangement wherein first and second ledge panel assemblies  200  are installed opposite one another in each side panel  10 ,  12 , respectively, as shown in FIG. 13, the connectors  18  are engaged between opposed ledge attachment points  250  of the first and second ledge panel assemblies  200  within the ledge cavity between the opposing first and second ledge panels  208 . A single connector can directly engage attachment points  250  and attachment points  17  or  100  (or attachment points  250  of opposed first and second ledge assemblies  200 ), or if a thicker wall is desired, a first connector  18  can be attached to a first attachment coupling  250 , a second connector  18  attached to a second attachment coupling  17  or  100  (or ledge attachment coupling  250 ), and one or more connector links (not shown) installed to couple the connectors  18 . 
     One or more upper side panels  12  can be stacked above the ledge assembly  200  on the second mounting coupling of the ledge assembly  200 . If provided, the ledge panel assembly  200  and the upper side panel  12  are engaged, for example, by engaging the key  272  in the cooperating slot provided in the bottom edge of the upper side panel  12 , as shown in FIGS. 8 and 13. The key and slot configuration of the second mounting coupling of the ledge assembly can optionally be provided with interlocking projections and recesses for more secure attachment. 
     Thus described, the system of the present invention enables a method of fabricating a concrete structure having a ledge support surface. In preferred form, and described with reference to FIG. 8, the method of the present invention generally comprises the steps of erecting a first form panel  10  comprising an interior surface  10   i , an exterior surface  10   e , and a plurality of attachment points  17  (or  100 ) generally aligned along a plane A adjacent the interior surface  10   i . The method preferably further comprises erecting a second form panel  12  comprising an interior surface  12   i . an exterior surface  12   e , and a plurality of attachment points  17  (or  100 ) generally aligned along a plane B adjacent the interior surface  12   i , the interior surfaces  10   i ,  12   i  of the first and second form panels  10 ,  12  confronting one another and separated a distance to define a cavity  14  therebetween. The method preferably further comprises installing a ledge assembly  200  onto the upper surface of the lower second side panel  12 , whereby the ledge attachment couplings  250  of the ledge assembly  200  are installed to be generally aligned along the plane B, and whereby the ledge panel  208  extends at an acute angle α from plane B in the direction of the exterior surface  12   e  of the second side panel  12  to define a ledge cavity  206  therebetween the ledge panel  208  and the opposing first side panel  10 . The method preferably further comprises engaging a plurality of connectors  18  between the ledge attachment couplings  250  of the ledge assembly  200  and the attachment couplings  17  (or  100 ) aligned along plane B and the attachment points  17  (or  100 ) aligned along plane A. The method preferably further comprises substantially filling the cavity  14  between the first and second side panels  10 ,  12  and the ledge cavity  208  with concrete, and allowing the concrete to cure. The method may optionally also include the formation of additional ledge assemblies  200  or other bearing surfaces on the same or other surfaces of the concrete structure, in like manner. In this fashion, multiple brickledges or other bearing surfaces can be provided on either or both surfaces of the wall in like manner. A brick fascia  152 , floor system  156 , or other structures or materials can be installed on and supported by the ledge assembly  200 . 
     The method and system of the present invention is advantageous, as the ledge assembly  200  or other bearing surface thereby provided is not interrupted by any portion of the EPS material typically used to construct the side panels  10 ,  12 , and the ledge panel  208 . Only the thin plastic support ribs  242  of the ledge web members  230  present interruptions in the concrete of the ledge assembly  200 , and the cross-sectional area of these interruptions is minimal. Thus, a stronger bearing surface may be achieved. The system and method of the present invention are further advantageous as a majority of the forming components utilized are standard components, and need not be specially manufactured for the provision of brickledges or other bearing surfaces. This results in reduced cost and complexity. A further advantage of the present invention is the versatility provided by enabling fabrication of a wall having a bearing surface of virtually any desired incremental thickness, through the use of different length connectors, and/or the use of connector links coupling two or more connectors. 
     Referring now to FIGS. 14-19, the present invention may also provide a corner web member. As noted above, the side panels  10 ,  12  may be provided as corner panels of various angular displacements. For clarity in describing this embodiment of the invention, and as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the side panels  10 ,  12  will be called a first corner panel  310  and a second corner panel  312 . It will be understood that the first corner panel  310  and the second corner panel  312  have the same properties as the side panels  10 ,  12  described above. That is, the first corner panel  310  has a first exterior surface  310   e , an opposing first interior surface  310   i . The two longitudinally-extending first side panels that form the first corner panel connect to form a substantially vertical corner panel edge  311  in the first exterior surface  310   e  of the first corner panel. Similarly, the second corner panel  312  has a second exterior surface  312   e , an opposing second interior surface  312   i , and is formed from two longitudinally-extending second side panels. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, and as shown in FIG. 15, a portion of the first interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel  310  faces a portion of the second interior surface  312   i  of the second corner panel  312 . Further, the first and second interior surface  310   i ,  312   i  are spaced apart a predetermined distance so that a cavity  314  of predetermined width is formed therebetween the interior surfaces  310   i ,  312   i . As one skilled in the art will further appreciate, the corner panels  310 ,  312  may be connect to other longitudinally-extending side panels  10 ,  12  of the structure described above. 
     The corner panels  310 ,  312  are connected to each other by a bridging means. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the bridging means preferably comprises the engaged combination of web members  16  or  90 , and connectors  18 , as described above. That is, the bridging means may comprise at least one web member  16  or  90  and at least one connector. Here, at least one web member  16  or  90  is partially disposed and integrally formed within each of the first and second corner panels  310 ,  312  and extends through the respective first and second interior surfaces  310   i ,  312   i  to form an attachment coupling  17  or  100  that is disposed within the cavity  314  between the first and second corner panels  310 ,  312 . The connector is disposed within the cavity  14  in operative engagement with opposing attachment couplings  17  or  100  extending from the respective interior surfaces  310   i ,  312   i  of the corner panels  310 ,  312 . 
     A corner web member  320  may be provided within the first corner panel  310  to provide additional structural support of the outside corner of the formed insulated wall structure as well as to provide a strapping surface to connect siding and the like to the formed concrete wall. Referring now to FIGS. 16-18, the corner web member  320  is partially disposed and integrally formed within the first corner panel. To enhance the bond between the first side panel  310  and the concrete poured within the cavity  314 , a portion of the corner web member extends through the first interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel into the cavity  314 . That is, since the corner web member  320  is both an integral part of the first corner panel  310  and extends into the cavity  314 , it allows the first corner panel  310  to “lock” to the concrete once the concrete is poured and cures within the cavity  314 . 
     The corner web member  320  preferably comprises a corner flange member  330 , a bridging member  340 , and a plurality of spaced-apart support struts  350  connecting the corner flange member  330  to the bridging member  340 . Preferably, the corner flange member  330  has an upper surface  332 , an opposed lower surface  334  and is formed from a longitudinally-extending first leg  336  connected to a longitudinally extending second leg  338 . The connected first and second legs  336 ,  338  form a corner flange edge  339  in the upper surface  332  of the corner flange member  330 . The bridging member  340  has a top edge  342  and an opposed bottom edge  344 . Each support strut  350  has a proximal end  352 , an opposed distal end  354  and a longitudinally-length therebetween. For structural support of the corner web member  320 , the proximal end  352  of each support strut  350  is connected to the lower surface  334  of the corner flange member  330  and the distal end  354  is connected to the top edge  342  of the bridging member  340 . It is preferred that the support struts  530  are spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other. 
     When a portion of the corner web member  320  is embedded within the first corner panel  310 , as best shown in FIG. 16, the corner flange member  330  and the proximal end  352  of each support strut  350  is preferably completely disposed within the first corner panel  310 . That is, as best shown in FIG. 16, the corner flange member  330  is located slightly below the exterior surface of, or recessed within, the first corner panel  310 , preferably at a distance of approximately one-quarter (¼) on an inch from the exterior surface  310   e . Alternatively, the corner flange member  330  may abut the exterior surface  310   e  of the first corner panel  310 . It is also preferred that the corner flange member  330  is oriented substantially upright and disposed substantially parallel to the exterior surface  310   e  of the first corner panel  310 . In this orientation, the corner flange edge  339  of the corner flange member  330  is disposed substantially parallel to the corner panel  311  edge of the first corner panel  310 . For example, the first corner panel  310  and the corner flange member  330  may both have an “L” shape in cross-section, which allows the upper surface  332  of the corner flange member  330  to be substantially parallel to the exterior surface  312   e  of the first corner panel  310  when the corner flange edge  339  of the corner flange member  330  is disposed substantially parallel to the corner panel edge  311  of the first corner panel  310 . The corner flange member  330  is thus preferably adapted to receive and frictionally hold a metal fastener, such as a nail or screw, therein, thus providing “strapping” for a wall system that allows attachment of gypsum board (not shown), interior or exterior wall cladding (not shown), or other interior or exterior siding or wall treatment (not shown). 
     Referring now to FIGS. 17-19, the plurality of support struts  350  of the corner web member  320  preferably extends generally perpendicular to the corner flange member  330  and the bridging member  340 . This generally perpendicular arrangement of the support struts  350  with respect to both the corner flange member  330  and the bridging member provides increased strength and resistance to outward pressures as concrete is poured within the cavity  314 . As best seen in FIG. 18, the corner flange member  330  preferably has a first width W and the bridging member  340  has a second width w that is less than the first width. The proximal end  352  of each support strut  350  preferably has a width approximately equal to the first width of the corner flange member  330  and the distal end  354  of each support strut  350  has a width approximately equal to the second width of the of the bridging member  340 . Thus, each support strut  350  preferably tapers from the proximal end  352  to the distal end  354 . 
     A support flange member  360  can also be provided in the corner web member  320  for additional surface area for locking the set concrete to the first corner panel  310  and for providing structural support for the corner web member  320 . Referring to FIGS. 16-19, the support flange member  360  preferably comprises a top surface  362  that is connected to the bottom edge  344  of the bridging member  340 . As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the support flange member is spaced apart from the interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel  310  and is thus disposed within the cavity  314 . It is preferred that the top surface of the support flange member  360  is oriented substantially parallel to the first interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel  310 . It is also preferred that the support flange member  360  have a cross-sectional shape similar to the corner flange member  330 . That is, if the corner flange member has an “L” shape cross-section, the support flange member should also have an “L” shape cross-section. As best shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, the support flange member  360  is preferably smaller than the corner flange member  330 . 
     Referring back to FIGS. 14 and 15, the support flange member  360  preferably also has a bottom surface  364  that forms at least one attachment point  366 . The attachment point  366  is adapted to connect a support line  368 , such as a tie wire or a plastic strap for example, to one attachment coupling  17  or  100  of the closest web member  16  or  90  in the second corner panel  312 . By connecting the corner web member  320  to the attachment couplings  17  or  100  within the opposing second corner panel, the corner structure of the concrete form system is advantageously structurally reinforced. Preferably, an as shown in FIG. 14, the corner web member  320  has an attachment point  366  formed in the bottom surface  364  of the support flange member  360  proximate the distal end  354  of each of the support struts  350 . Thus, in the example shown, the corner web member  320  comprises four attachment points  366 . 
     The corner web member  320  is preferably formed as an integral component, preferably constructed of plastic, and more preferably high-density plastic such as polyethylene, although polypropylene or other suitable polymers may be used. Factors used in choosing the material include the desired strength of the corner web member  320  and the compatibility of the material of corner web member  320  with the material used to fabricate the first side panel  310 . 
     The present invention may also include a method of fabricating a concrete structure having corner portions having a corner web member  320  disposed in the outer wall of the concrete structure. In this method of using the concrete form system, a first and a second corner panel  310 ,  312  are erected so that a portion of the interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel  310  faces, and is spaced apart from, a portion of the interior surface  312   i  of the second corner panel  312  so that a cavity  314  is formed therebetween. The first corner panel  310  has a corner web member  320  partially disposed and integrally formed within the first corner panel  310  so that a portion of the corner web member  320  extends through the interior surface  310   i  of the first corner panel  310  into the cavity  314  between the first and second corner panels  310 ,  312 . The first and second corner panels  310 ,  312  preferably each have a plurality of attachment couplings  17  or  100  spaced apart from the interior surfaces  310   i ,  312   i  of the first and second corner panels  310 , 312 . Next, aconnector  18  is attached to at least one opposing pair of attachment couplings  17  or  100  extending from the respective first and second side panels  310 ,  312 . Finally, the cavity  314  therebetween the first and second corner panels is substantially filed with concrete and allowed to cure. 
     Referring again to FIGS. 1-3, each attachment coupling  17  (or  100  if the web member  90  is used) independently engages a cooperating connector coupling of a connector  18 . In the embodiment depicted in the FIG. 3, the connector  18  includes connector couplings  20 ,  21  formed in the respective first and second ends of the connector  18 . Each connector coupling  20 ,  21 comprises a generally rectangular channel track forming a notch  22 ,  23 , arranged at the opposite first and second ends thereof, and separated by a longitudinally-extending body  25  having a length L. Connectors  18  are preferably provided in standard lengths of two inch increments, such as for example, two inches (2″), four inches (4″), six inches (6″), and eight inches (8″). The notches  22 ,  23  of the couplings  20 ,  21  of the connector  18  are of a size and shape to complimentarily and removably engage the attachment couplings  17  or  100  of the side panels  10 ,  12  by slidably receiving the substantially rectangular and flat attachment points  17  or  100  therein. Channel shaped slots  26  formed in each end of the connector  18  allow clearance of the portion of the web member  16  or  90  that connects the web member  16  or  90  to the attachment coupling  17  or  100 . One or more retaining shoulders  28  can be provided within the slots  26  of the connector  18  for engaging cooperating recesses  102  in the web members  16  or  90  for more secure attachment of the connector  18  to the respective attachment coupling  17  or  100 . As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the connector couplings can take any of a number of alternate embodiments to provide cooperating engagement with the attachment couplings  17  or  100 . For example, the connector couplings can comprise slots, channels, grooves, recesses, hooks, eyelets, twist couplings, compression couplings, snap couplings, or other coupling means for engaging the attachment couplings  17  or  100 . 
     The present invention preferably further provides one or more connector links  400 , or splicers, shown in preferred form in FIGS. 20-26. Each connector link  400  preferably comprises a proximal end  410 , comprising a first link coupling  412 , an opposed distal end  420 , comprising a second link coupling  422 , and a substantially rigid body portion  430  extending between the distal end  420  and the proximal end  410 . The first and second link couplings  412 ,  422 , are shaped similarly and preferably substantially match the configuration of the attachment couplings  17  or  100 , so that the connector couplings of connectors  18  can interchangeably engage attachment couplings  17  or  100  and/or the connector link couplings  412 ,  422 , depending upon the desired application. 
     In the depicted embodiment, each link coupling  412 ,  422  comprises a generally rectangular element  440  adapted for sliding engagement within notches  22 ,  23  of the connector  18 . A rib  432  preferably extends between the opposing rectangular elements  440  to form the body portion  430 , and is preferably adapted for sliding engagement within the slot  26  of the connector  18 . The generally rectangular elements  440  of the connector link  400  are generally parallel to one another, with the rib  432  extending generally perpendicularly therebetween and connecting the approximate midpoints thereof. In this manner, as seen best in FIGS. 21 and 23, each link coupling  412 ,  422  can be described as generally “T” shaped in cross-section. As seen best with reference to FIGS. 20-23, the rib  432  preferably has a first face  434  and an opposite second face  436 . Each face of the rib  432  is preferably provided with a recess  438  adjacent the rectangular element  440  of each link coupling  412 ,  422  to engage the corresponding retaining lug  28  of the connector  18  with a snap fit, to provide a positive locking action and prevent disengagement during the concrete pour. 
     The depicted embodiment of the connector link  400  preferably further comprises a base flange  460 , comprising a generally rectangular panel lying in a plane generally perpendicular to the rectangular elements  440  and the rib  432  of the body portion  430 . The base flange  460  lends additional strength and rigidity to the connector link  400 . 
     The length of the connector link  40  is selected to cooperate with the length of standard connectors  18  and the extent of projection of the panel couplings from the internal face of the form panels, to result in a cavity width (and thereby a finished wall thickness) of standard dimension (i.e., two inch increments). 
     The connectors  18  and the connector links  400  are preferably constructed of plastic, and more preferably of high-density plastic such as polyethylene. Polypropylene or other plastics, as well as metals, and other natural and synthetic materials of construction providing suitable strength and rigidity may alternatively be utilized. 
     The present invention provides a concrete form system enabling the formation of concrete walls or other components of various selected incremental thicknesses. With reference to FIG. 26, a preferred embodiment of the concrete form system of the present invention preferably comprises first and second side panels  10 ,  12 , substantially as described above. Each of the first and second side panels  10 ,  12  comprises one or more attachment couplings substantially as described above, such as attachment points  17  or  100 . A connector coupling  20  of the first end  27  of the one connector  18   a  engages one attachment coupling  17  or  100  of the first side panel  10 , and a connector coupling  20  of the first end  27  of a second connector  18   b  engages one attachment coupling  17  or  100  of the second side panel  12 . A connector link  40  is engaged between the first and second connectors, with its first and second link couplings engaging the connector couplings of the second ends  29  of the first and second connectors  18   a ,  18   b . By combining connectors  18  and connector links  400  of selected lengths, a cavity  14  of any desired incremental width can be achieved. 
     Thus described, the system of the present invention enables a method of constructing a concrete structure. In preferred form, and described with reference to FIG. 26, the method of the present invention generally comprises the steps of erecting first and second form panels  10 ,  12 , substantially as described above, whereby opposed interior faces of the first and second form panels  10 ,  12  form a cavity  14  therebetween. The method preferably further comprises engaging a first connector  18   a  with the first form panel  10 , engaging a second connector  18   b  with the second form panel  12 , and engaging a connector link  400  between the first connector  18   a  and the second connector  18   b . By appropriate selection of the sizes of the first and second connectors  18   a ,  18   b  and the connector link  400 , a cavity  14  of any desired incremental width can be achieved, thereby enabling the production of a wall or other component of any desired incremental thickness. 
     While the invention has been described in its preferred forms, it will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that many additions, modifications and deletions can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For example, although the invention is described with reference to a preferred embodiment depicted in the figures, wherein a connector link  400  is engaged between two connectors  18   a ,  18   b , with the connectors engaging the panel couplings, the present invention also comprehends systems and methods similarly incorporating a chain of three or more connectors  18  coupled by two or more connector links. Thus, using three connectors  18  that are eight inches in length, coupled with two connector links  400 , the width of the cavity  14  would be approximately twenty-four inches. 
     Further, the present invention provides for a method for constructing a concrete structure having a termite infestation detection surface  500 . A termite detection surface is often required in construction of buildings because termites and other burrowing insects may burrow through the insulation material, such as the preferred EPS side panels  10 ,  12  of the present invention, or between the insulation material and the underlying structure to reach vulnerable construction materials above. To preclude the destruction of vulnerable materials, building code often requires the inclusion of a means of detecting the presence of termites or other such destructive pests. With reference to FIG. 27, a preferred embodiment of the concrete form system of the present invention preferably comprises first and second side panels  10 ,  12 , substantially as described above. Each of the first and second side panels  10 ,  12  comprises one or more attachment couplings substantially as described above, such as attachment points  17  or  100 . A connector  18 , or any combination of connectors  18  and connector links  400  (not shown), operatively connects the first and second side panel  10 ,  12 . One side panel  10  has a longitudinally extending length of set concrete that extends therethrough the side panel  10 , and abuts the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10 . The exposed exterior surface  502  of the concrete preferably extends the entire longitudinal length of the side panel  10 , and any abutting side panels  10 , to form the termite infestation detection surface  500 . As one skilled in the art will appreciate, because the cured concrete extends to and abuts the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10 , a crawling or burrowing insect is forced to traverse the exposed exterior surface, i.e., the termite infestation detection surface  500 , in order to reach the portion of the concrete structure above the detection surface  500  and may thus be visually detected on the detection surface. 
     Thus described, the system of the present invention enables a method of constructing a concrete structure with a termite infestation detection surface  500 . In preferred form, and described with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28, the method of the present invention generally comprises the steps of: providing a first and second side panels  10 ,  12 , substantially as described above; providing a longitudinally-extending support panel  504  having support panel interior surface  506  and having a first width that is less than the width of the first side panel  10 ; detachably securing the support panel  504  to the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10  so that the interior surface  506  of the support panel  504  overlies the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10 . The method further comprises the steps of removing a longitudinally-extending strip of the side panel  10   s , the strip having a width that is less than the first width of the support panel  504 , to thus expose a portion of the interior surface  506  of the support panel  504 , which allows the support panel  504  to be retained in contact with the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10  during a concrete pour into the cavity  14 . 
     Still further, the method comprises the steps of erecting the first and second side panels  10 ,  12 , substantially as described above, whereby the interior surface  10   i  of the first side panels  10  and the exposed portion of the interior surface  506  of the support panel  504  oppose the interior surface  12   i  of the second side panels  12  to form a cavity  14  therebetween; detachably engaging a connector  18  to the opposing attachment couplings  17  or  100  within the opposed side panels  10 ,  12 , and pouring concrete into the cavity  14  formed between the side panels  10 - 12  to be cured therein. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the poured concrete will fill the cut out portion of the side panel  10  and will abut the exposed portion of the interior surface of the support panel  504  so that the poured concrete will be constrained substantially flush with the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10 . The method preferably further comprises removing the support panel  504  from the exterior surface  10   e  of the side panel  10  after the concrete has cured to expose the exterior surface  502  of the cured concrete. Thus, a longitudinally-extending termite infestation detection surface  500  is formed. 
     Although the present invention has been described with reference to specific details of certain embodiments thereof, it is not intended that such details should be regarded as limitations upon the scope of the invention except as and to the extent that they are included in the accompanying claims. For example, although the present invention is described with reference to a preferred embodiment incorporating the depicted concrete form system, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention is applicable to other types of concrete form systems utilizing one or more form panels or other concrete retaining and/or molding elements retained in position by one or more connectors or other relative position-fixing elements. Also, although the present invention is described with reference to a system, method and components thereof for use in the forming of concrete building components, the present invention may also find application in the formation of various other types of products of concrete and/or other moldable and curable materials such as, for example, structural and non-structural building components and consumer products of concrete, plastics, and other synthetic and natural materials.