Patent Publication Number: US-10317153-B2

Title: Apparatus and method for increasing capacity of an ammunition magazine

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/360,583 filed on Jul. 11, 2016. U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/360,583 is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention generally relates to a magazine extension for a firearm. More particularly, the invention relates to a magazine extension for a pistol. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Magazine extensions for pistol magazines are known in the related art. These units may replace a magazine base plate to add an additional gripping surface. The additional gripping surface may enhance user comfort and control. The magazine extension further may increase the ammunition capacity of the magazine. These units may require permanent modification of the magazine or replacement of magazine components, such as the magazine spring. These changes, however, may adversely affect the reliability of the magazine and increase the risk of malfunction during operation of the firearm. 
     SUMMARY 
     Hence, the present disclosure is directed toward a magazine extension that may increase the ammunition capacity of a firearm ammunition magazine. For instance, a magazine extension may be configured for an ammunition magazine that includes a housing with a rim. The magazine extension may include a body for storing firearm ammunition. The body may include an upper end portion. The upper end portion may include a seat configured to receive a portion of a firearm, a magazine casing bearing surface spaced from the seat, the magazine casing bearing surface being substantially flat. The upper end portion further may include a magazine casing receiving groove proximate the magazine casing bearing surface, the magazine casing receiving groove and the magazine casing bearing surface being configured and dimensioned to slidably receive a rim of an ammunition magazine housing. The body may further include a lower end portion spaced from the upper end portion, an exterior surface extending from the upper end portion to the lower end portion, and an opening extending into the body from the upper end portion toward the lower end portion. Also, the body may include a bench inside the opening disposed between the upper end portion and the lower end portion such that the opening terminates at the bench. The magazine extension further may include a magazine extension follower disposed above the bench. The magazine extension follower may include an upper surface, a lower surface, and a side wall around the upper surface. The side wall and the upper surface may form a cup that is configured and dimensioned to form an ammunition magazine spring bearing surface. The magazine extension further may include a resilient member disposed in the opening proximate to the lower surface of the magazine extension follower and the bench such that the resilient member biases the magazine extension follower away from the lower end. 
     The resilient member may include at least one spring. The at least one spring may be two springs. The two springs may be substantially the same. The two springs may be coil springs. The two springs may be disposed adjacent to one another. The at least one spring may be a flat spring. The flat spring may be a spiral compression spring. The at least one spring may be designed to provide a minimum level of spring force against the magazine extension follower when the magazine extension follower is positioned within the opening. The minimum level of spring force may be based on a measure of compressive force needed to depress a sole remaining ammunition cartridge stored in an ammunition magazine. The minimum level of spring force may be based on an average of a series of measurements of compressive force needed to depress a sole remaining ammunition cartridge stored in an ammunition magazine. The minimum level of spring force may be substantially equal to an average of a series of measurements of compressive force needed to depress a sole remaining ammunition cartridge stored in an ammunition magazine. 
     Moreover, the body may be separable into pieces. The body may be separable into a starboard side piece and a port side piece. The port side piece may include a hook, and the starboard side piece may include a hook receiving slot, the hook and the hook receiving slot may be configured and dimensioned to interlock. The bench may be part of the port side piece. Additionally, the exterior surface may be configured and dimensioned to complement a pistol grip. 
     An ammunition magazine assembly may include a magazine extension as disclosed herein, an ammunition magazine housing which comprises a rim, the rim being disposed in the magazine casing receiving groove; an ammunition magazine follower in the ammunition magazine housing; and a magazine spring disposed between the follower and the upper surface of the magazine extension follower. 
     A method of increasing the capacity of an ammunition magazine may include providing an ammunition magazine which comprises an ammunition magazine housing which comprises a rim, an ammunition magazine follower, and an ammunition magazine spring; providing a magazine extension as described herein; inserting the ammunition spring into the cup of the magazine extension follower; and inserting the rim into the magazine casing receiving groove. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification and are to be read in conjunction therewith and in which like reference numerals are used to indicate like parts in the various views: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of an illustrative firearm with an exemplary embodiment of an ammunition magazine assembly installed therein, the exemplary ammunition magazine assembly including an eight-round capacity ammunition magazine and a two-round capacity magazine extension; 
         FIG. 2  is an upper, rear perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 1  in an unloaded configuration; 
         FIG. 3  is an upper, rear perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 1  in a fully loaded configuration; 
         FIG. 4  is an upper, front perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a front view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a right, side view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 7  is a front view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 8  is a right, side view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 9  is a rear view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 10  is a left side view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 ; 
         FIG. 11  is a cross-sectional view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 5 , along line  11 - 11 ; 
         FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 7 , along line  12 - 12 ; 
         FIG. 13  is a cross-sectional view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 8 , along line  13 - 13 , the ammunition being depicted in dashed lines; 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 2 , without the magazine casing and the magazine extension port side piece; 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 14 , showing the magazine spring and magazine extension springs in a fully compressed configuration; 
         FIG. 16  is a lower, right, side view of ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 18  is another perspective view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 19  is a right, side view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 20  is a top view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 21  is a bottom view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 22  is yet another perspective view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 23  is a left side view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 24  is a lower front perspective view of the starboard side piece of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 25  is a perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 3 , without the magazine casing and the magazine extension starboard side piece; 
         FIG. 26  is a perspective view of the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 25 , showing the magazine spring and magazine extension springs in a fully compressed configuration; 
         FIG. 27  is an upper rear perspective view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 28  is an upper front side perspective view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 29  is a left side view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 30  is a top view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 31  is a bottom view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 32  is another upper front side view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 33  is a right, side view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 34  is a lower front perspective view of the port side piece of  FIG. 25 ; 
         FIG. 35  is an upper rear perspective view of the illustrative follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 36  is a lower rear perspective view of the illustrative follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 37  is a right, side view of the illustrative follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 38  is an upper rear perspective view of the magazine extension follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 39  is a lower rear perspective view of the magazine extension follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 40  is a right, side view of the magazine extension follower of  FIG. 14 ; 
         FIG. 41  is a plan view of an exemplary kit for the exemplary magazine extension of  FIG. 1 ; 
         FIG. 42  is an exploded view of the mechanical kit components of  FIG. 41 ; 
         FIG. 43  shows an exemplary ammunition magazine for a pistol; 
         FIG. 44  shows a disassembled magazine extension of  FIG. 41 ; 
         FIG. 45  shows the port side piece of the magazine extension of  FIG. 41  receiving a portion of the disassembled ammunition magazine of  FIG. 43 ; and 
         FIG. 46  shows the starboard side piece of the magazine extension being secured to the port side piece of the magazine extension and the ammunition magazine portion of  FIG. 45  to form the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 1 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  shows an illustrative pistol  2  which includes a slide  4  and a frame  6 , along with an exemplary embodiment of an ammunition magazine assembly  8  installed therein. 
       FIG. 2  shows a perspective view of an ammunition magazine assembly  8 . The ammunition magazine assembly  8  may include a magazine extension  10  and a magazine housing  12 . The magazine housing  12  may contain a magazine spring (not shown) and a follower  14 . Although the magazine housing may be configured for an 8-round magazine, the magazine housing may be configured to store other quantities of ammunition cartridges. For example, without limitation, the magazine may be configured for a 6-round magazine, a 10-round magazine, a 12-round magazine, a 24-round magazine, or a 30-round magazine. As shown in  FIGS. 3, 5, 7 and 9 , the magazine assembly may include a port side piece  20  and a starboard side piece  18  which cooperate to form a magazine extension at the base of the magazine housing. Although the magazine housing  12  may be configured for 9 mm caliber cartridges  16  as depicted, the magazine housing may be configured for any type of ammunition cartridge (e.g., .22 caliber, .40 caliber, .45 caliber, .223 Remington, 5.56×45 mm Nato, or 7.62×39 mm) for which the receiving firearm may be chambered. Referring to  FIGS. 1, 35, 36 and 37 , the follower may be an original factory magazine part, and may include a magazine follower guide  48 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1, 7, and 8 , the magazine extension  10  may be shaped to mate with the grip of the pistol. For example, as shown in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 8  the upper portion of the magazine extension may include a seat  11  that mates with the heel of the grip. The magazine extension further may include a recessed region  13  adjacent the pistol grip that is configured to extend the grip, and thereby form a fuller grip for a user of the pistol. The recessed region may be shaped to accommodate the ring and small finger of the user. Additionally, as shown in  FIGS. 1-10 , the lateral sides of the magazine extension may include a textured area  15  for enhancing the tactile grip of the ammunition magazine assembly  8  near its base. Although the textured area in the exemplary embodiment includes a series of parallel ridges, other structures and patterns may be used, as long as the structures promote the establishment of an enhanced substrate for gripping, holding, handling, or pulling the magazine extension. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , the base of the magazine may be connected to the magazine extension starboard side piece  18 . Additionally, the magazine extension may house an ammunition cartridge follower  14 , a magazine spring  28 , a magazine extension follower  30 , and two magazine extension springs  32 . The ammunition cartridge follower  14  may be an original part of the magazine. Similarly, the magazine spring  28  may be an original part of the magazine. By contrast, the magazine extension follower  30  may be provided with the magazine extension  10 , along with a pair of magazine extension springs  32 . The cavity inside the magazine extension piece may be configured to provide additional ammunition capacity for the magazine housing  12 . Referring to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , the magazine extension  10  may provide the ammunition magazine assembly  8  with two additional rounds of ammunition capacity as compared to the original factory magazine itself. In the fully loaded configuration the magazine spring  28  and the extension springs  32  each may be fully compressed. Other embodiments of the magazine extension may provide more (e.g.,  4  additional cartridges) or less (e.g.,  1  additional cartridge) of ammunition capacity and the springs  28 ,  32  need not be fully compressed when the magazine is loaded to full capacity with ammunition. As shown in  FIGS. 12, 13, 15 and 26 , the solid height of the magazine extension springs  32  may facilitate storage of one or more ammunition cartridges in the magazine extension  10 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 7  and  FIG. 8 , the magazine extension  10  may include a body  17  for storing firearm ammunition  16 . The body  17  may include an upper end portion  19  which includes a seat  11  for part of a firearm  4 . As shown in  FIGS. 11-13 , the upper end portion  19  further may include a magazine casing receiving groove  34 . Also, the body  17  may include a lower end portion  21 , and an exterior surface  23  extending from the upper end portion  19  to the lower end portion  21 , as well as an opening  26  extending into the body. The body  17  may include a bench  56  inside the opening. A magazine extension follower  30  may be disposed above the bench  56 . Referring to  FIG. 11 , the magazine extension follower  30  may include an upper surface  31 , a lower surface  33 , and a side wall  35 . See also,  FIGS. 38-40 . As shown in  FIG. 11 , the magazine extension follower  30  may form an ammunition magazine spring bearing surface. The magazine extension  10  may include a resilient member  32  disposed between the magazine extension follower  30  and the bench  56  which biases the magazine extension follower  30  away from the lower end portion  21 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , when the magazine assembly  8  is in the fully unloaded configuration, the ammunition cartridge follower  14  projects out of the top end of the magazine housing  12 , but the magazine extension follower  30  may remain inside the magazine extension  10 . The magazine spring  28  and the magazine extension springs  32  are in an expanded but partially compressed configuration. Although the magazine extension springs  32  may be stiffer than the magazine spring  28 , the magazine extension spring(s)  32  may have equal or lesser stiffness than the magazine spring. Also, the magazine extension spring(s) may be a flat spiral compression spring. For example, the flat spiral compression spring may be compressed to the thickness of a single coil to save space inside the magazine extension housing. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 12 and 13 , by contrast, when the magazine assembly  8  is in the fully loaded configuration, the magazine follower (or ammunition cartridge follower)  14 , the magazine spring  28 , the magazine extension follower  30  and the magazine extension springs  32  may be fully contained inside the magazine extension. Additionally, one or more full ammunition cartridge(s) may be positioned inside the magazine extension in the fully loaded configuration. For example, as shown in  FIG. 12 , one ammunition cartridge is positioned entirely inside the magazine extension  10 . In another embodiment, two ammunition cartridges may be positioned entirely inside the magazine extension  10 . In yet another embodiment, three ammunition cartridges may be positioned entirely inside the magazine extension. And in yet another embodiment, four ammunition cartridges may be positioned entirely inside the magazine extension. The height of the magazine extension may vary to accommodate additional ammunition cartridges. For instance, a magazine extension that is configured and dimensioned to augment a factory magazine by providing an additional four ammunition cartridges may have a greater height than another magazine extension that provides for two additional ammunition cartridges. Additionally, the magazine extension springs may be designed to provide an appropriately compact configuration when fully compressed. For instance, the magazine extension springs may be designed as conical springs which compress to a very short profile. Alternatively, the magazine extension springs may be designed as one or more flat springs, nested springs or flat wire compression springs (e.g., wave spring). Although, the magazine extension springs in  FIGS. 12 and 13  are two identical compression springs, any suitable spring design may be used provided that the spring design provides sufficient force to reliably load the last ammunition cartridge into the pistol chamber from the ammunition magazine assembly. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 11, 14, 16, 25 and 45 , the magazine extension springs may be seated below the magazine extension follower  30 . The factory magazine spring  28  may be positioned on top of the ammunition magazine follower  30 . Although the factory magazine spring  28  may simply rest within the ammunition magazine follower  30  (as shown in  FIGS. 14, 15, 25, and 26 ), in other embodiments the factory magazine spring  28  may be further attached or secured to the magazine extension follower  30 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 11  the magazine extension springs may be compressed from their respective free length when the ammunition magazine assembly is assembled and in the fully unloaded configuration. In this configuration, the magazine springs may provide a minimum level of spring force against the magazine extension follower  30 . The minimum level of spring force may be equal to or greater than a reference level of spring force. In one embodiment, the reference level of spring force may be equal to the average spring force applied by the follower of the original factory magazine against the last ammunition cartridge stored in the magazine. This reference level of spring force may be determined by measuring the spring force applied by the follower of the original factory magazine to a sole (i.e., last) ammunition cartridge that is stored in the magazine. 
     Measurements for determining this spring force may be made using a dynometer. For instance, an analogue force gauge or a digital force gauge and sensor may be used. For example, a hand-held, analogue push gauge may be pressed against a sole (i.e., last) ammunition cartridge stored in an original factory magazine to measure the compressive force needed to press the ammunition cartridge into the magazine housing. Alternatively, a hand-held, analogue push gauge may be pressed against a sole (i.e., last) ammunition cartridge stored in an original factory magazine to measure the compressive force needed to press the ammunition cartridge into the magazine housing by a given distance (for example and without limitation, 5 mm, or the maximum outer diameter of the cartridge). This type of a measured level of force may be used to determine a reference level of force for the magazine extension spring design. Moreover, determination of the reference level of force may be based on a single measurement, an average of more than one measurement, a statistical analysis of measured data, other quantitative analyses, and/or empirical testing of the ammunition magazine assembly&#39;s operation. Further, the minimum level of spring force may include a factor of safety (e.g., 10%-15%) to ensure that the magazine extension springs will meet or exceed the reference level of spring force. Although the foregoing technique or variants thereof may be useful for establishing a minimum level of spring force, the spring design of the magazine extension may be accomplished by any suitable technique or analysis, provided that the ammunition magazine assembly functions reliably in service. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 25 and 26 , the magazine spring may be seated directly on the upper surface of the magazine extension follower. Referring to  FIGS. 38, 39 and 40 , the upper surface of the magazine extension follower may include a raised side wall to contain the bottom of the magazine spring. The magazine extension follower may further include magazine extension follower guides  50 . Referring to  FIGS. 11, 12, 16, 39 and 40 , the bottom of the magazine extension follower may include two projections or knobs  62 . One projection or knob may be used to connect to or support each of the magazine extension springs. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 17, 18, 19, 24, 27, 28, 29, and 45  each of the magazine side pieces  18 ,  20  may include opposing grooves  34  and a bearing surface  38  for receiving a rim that is located at the base of the magazine housing. As shown in  FIGS. 11, 12, 13 and 45 , each magazine casing rim receiving groove(s) and bearing surface may be configured and dimensioned to circumscribe or support part of the base of the magazine casing and to slidably receive the rim in a snug or secure fit. As shown in  FIGS. 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32 and 34 , the side wall adjacent the magazine rim bearing surface  38  may include a notch  40  which is configured and dimensioned to accommodate a projection on the rim of the magazine housing. In this manner, the magazine housing may be seated firmly in the magazine extension side pieces and fixed with respect to those parts when the magazine extension side pieces are locked together with one or more fasteners. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30 and 34 , the interior side wall  42  of the side pieces  18 ,  20  may include features  44 ,  46  which may promote the travel and feeding of ammunition from within the magazine extension to the pistol chamber. For example, the interior surface may include rounded smooth surfaces that may contact and guide the ammunition follower, magazine extension follower, or ammunition cartridges as the magazine spring and magazine extension springs expand to deliver ammunition from within the magazine assembly to the top of the magazine housing. Referring to  FIGS. 24 and 34  the interior side wall  42  may include a magazine follower guide surface  44  which may interact with a guide on the magazine follower. Also, the interior side wall  42  of the side pieces may include opposing structures  22 ,  52  which mate when the side pieces are placed together to prevent rotational movement between the pieces and maintain an appropriate alignment between the internal features of the side pieces. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 25, 26, 44, 45 and 46 , the magazine extension springs may be placed directly in contact with a floor of one of the pieces. For example, the port side piece may include a bench  56  that forms the bottom wall of the magazine extension spring housing. Other configurations, however, also may be used. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 21, 22, 23, 24, 44 , the bottom of the starboard side piece  18  may include a hook receiving slot  36 . The hook receiving slot may be a recess on a lower surface of the starboard side piece that is configured and dimensioned to mate with a complimentary shaped projection or hook  60  (see  FIGS. 25, 26, 30, 34, 46 ) on the port side piece  20 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5, 7, 9, 44 and 46 , the starboard side piece  18  and the port side piece  20  may interlock and mate to form an ammunition magazine assembly that includes a magazine grip extension. The magazine grip extension pieces may be formed from one or more materials (e.g. metal, metal alloys, wood, plastic, polymer materials, reinforced polymer materials, thermoplastic materials, and combinations thereof). 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14 , the starboard side piece  18  may include an aperture  24 , which extends from the outer surface of the piece to an interior of the piece. Each aperture may be a countersunk opening for receiving a fastener. The fastener  72  ( FIGS. 11, 12, 42, 44, 46 ) may mate with an opposing opening  54  on the port side piece  20  (see e.g.,  FIGS. 28, 24, 42, and 44 ). 
     As described above, the magazine grip extension may improve the grip of the pistol for some users, as well as provide additional ammunition capacity for the magazine. As shown in  FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 22, 23, 31, 32, 33, 34 , the exterior surfaces of the starboard side piece  18  and the port side piece  20  may include features  13  and texture  15  to enhance a user&#39;s ability to hold and manipulate the magazine extension. The features and texture may form an ergonomic shaped gripping surface. 
     In the exemplary embodiment, an eight-round capacity ammunition magazine in conjunction with the disclosed magazine extension may provide an ammunition magazine assembly with an enhanced gripping surface and a ten-round capacity. Thus, the ammunition magazine assembly of  FIG. 1  may provide enhanced user comfort and control, as well as 24% more ammunition capacity than the magazine by itself. In another exemplary embodiment, a six-round capacity magazine in conjunction with a magazine extension in accordance with the present disclosure may provide an ammunition magazine assembly with enhanced gripping surface and a ten-round capacity. Preferably, the magazine assembly may use an original factory magazine housing, spring and follower. However, other magazine springs and or components may be provided with the magazine extension to modify the performance and reliability of the ammunition magazine assembly. 
       FIG. 41  shows a kit  64  for upgrading an original factory magazine  7  ( FIG. 43 ) in to an ammunition magazine assembly with enhanced ammunition storage capacity. The kit  64  may include a clear plastic pack  64  that contains a magazine extension  10 , a tool  68 , and installation instructions. As shown in  FIG. 42 , the mechanical components of the kit may include a starboard side piece  18 , a port side piece  20 , two magazine extension springs  32 , a magazine extension follower  30 , two fasteners (e.g., hex screws)  72 , and a tool (e.g., an Allen wrench). 
     Referring to  FIG. 43 , an original factory magazine  7  may include a magazine housing  12 , a follower  14 , a magazine spring  28 , a locking plate  74  and a floor plate  76 . The magazine housing  12  may include a magazine rim  58  at the housing base. In normal use, the locking plate may be placed in contact with the magazine spring  28  and pressed into the housing  12 . The floor plate  80  may then be slid on the magazine rim  58  to cover the opening at the base of the magazine housing  12  to capture the locking insert  74  and magazine spring  28 . A locking plate pin  78  may press into a receiving hole  80  in the floor plate  76  to fix the floor plate to the housing  12 . By contrast, the original factory magazine  7  may be disassembled by pressing the locking pin  78  inward from the base of the floor plate  76  to separate the magazine insert from the floorplate  76 . After releasing the floor plate from the magazine insert the floor plate  76  may be slid off the magazine rim  58  and separated from the housing  12 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 44 , the fasteners  72  of the magazine extension  10  may be unfastened and removed using the tool provided in the kit. The starboard side piece  18  may then be separated from the portside piece. The port side piece may contain the magazine extension follower  30  and magazine extension springs  32 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 45 , the original factory magazine housing  12 , follower  14  and magazine spring  28  may then be secured to the port side piece  20 . More particularly, the magazine spring  28  may be placed into the magazine extension follower  30  and the rim  58  of the magazine housing may be disposed on magazine rim bearing surface  38  and inserted into the magazine casing rim receiving groove  34 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 46 , the starboard side piece  18  may then be fitted over the magazine casing rim  58  and the port side piece  20 . After the magazine housing  12 , starboard side piece  18 , and port side piece  20  are securely mated, the fasteners  72  may be advanced through respective guide holes  24 ,  54  in the starboard side piece  18  and port side piece  20 , respectively, to fix the magazine extension to the magazine housing  12 . In this manner, an original factory magazine may be modified to store and feed addition ammunition rounds, as well as provide a larger grip for a pistol during use. The larger grip may include an ergonomic shaped gripping surface for enhanced gun control. 
     Although the disclosed embodiment of the magazine extension is directed toward an ammunition magazine assembly for a pistol, it is envisioned that a magazine extension may be developed for other types of ammunition magazines (e.g., box magazines for rifles) such that various ammunition magazine assemblies may be developed based on this disclosure for other firearms including, without limitation, rifles, carbines, and other guns. 
     In use, an operator may unload an empty magazine from a firearm, such as a pistol, and then remove the base plate and or floor plate of the magazine. Then, after properly orienting the magazine casing with respect to the port side piece of the magazine extension, the magazine spring may be set on the upper surface of the magazine extension follower. Each knob on the lower side of the magazine extension follower may be connected to a magazine extension spring. The bottom ends of the magazine extension springs may be placed against the bench of the properly oriented port side piece. The magazine casing then may be slid into the magazine casing rim receiving groove and seated onto the magazine rim bearing surface of the port side piece. The starboard side piece then may be mated to the port side piece and the magazine casing to enclose the internal components of the ammunition magazine assembly and fix the relative positions of the outer assembly components. A screw then may be inserted into each of the fastener receiver openings on the exterior surface of the starboard side piece. The fasteners may each be advanced into the corresponding fastener receiving opening in the port side piece to draw the two pieces together. In this manner, the two pieces and magazine casing may be fixedly secured to prevent relative movement and to form a unitary structure for the ammunition magazine assembly. The ammunition magazine assembly may then be loaded with ammunition and used with the pistol to provide a user with an enhanced grip and storage capacity for two additional rounds of ammunition. 
     Hence, the present disclosure is directed toward a magazine extension that may increase the ammunition capacity of a firearm ammunition magazine. For instance, as shown in  FIG. 12 , a magazine extension  10  may be configured for an ammunition magazine that includes a housing  12  with a rim  58 . The magazine extension  10  may include a body  17  for storing firearm ammunition  16 . The body may include an upper end portion  19 . The upper end portion  19  may include a seat  11  configured to receive a portion of a firearm, a magazine casing bearing surface  38  spaced from the seat, the magazine casing bearing surface being substantially flat. The upper end portion  19  further may include a magazine casing receiving groove  34  proximate the magazine casing bearing surface  38 , the magazine casing receiving groove  34  and the magazine casing bearing surface  38  being configured and dimensioned to slidably receive a rim  58  of an ammunition magazine housing  12 . The body  17  may further include a lower end portion  21  spaced from the upper end portion  19 , an exterior surface  23  extending from the upper end portion  19  to the lower end portion  21 , and an opening  26  extending into the body  17  from the upper end portion  19  toward the lower end portion  21 . See e.g.,  FIG. 25  and  FIG. 26 . Also, the body  17  may include a bench  56  inside the opening  26  disposed between the upper end portion  19  and the lower end portion  21  such that the opening  26  terminates at the bench  56 . As shown in  FIG. 38 , the magazine extension  10  further may include a magazine extension follower  30  disposed above the bench  56 . The magazine extension follower  30  may include an upper surface  31 , a lower surface  33 , and a side wall  35  around the upper surface. The side wall  35  and the upper surface  31  may form a cup  37  that is configured and dimensioned to form an ammunition magazine spring bearing surface. See e.g.,  FIGS. 14 and 25 . Referring to  FIG. 11 , the magazine extension  10  further may include a resilient member  32  disposed in the opening  26  proximate to the lower surface  33  of the magazine extension follower and the bench  56  such that the resilient member  32  biases the magazine extension follower  30  away from the lower end portion  21 . 
     While it has been illustrated and described what at present are considered to be preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made, and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the true scope of the invention. For example, the shape, materials of construction, and spring force of the magazine extension springs may be adapted for use with a particular magazine geometry, ammunition capacity or style of ammunition cartridge. Additionally, features and or elements from any embodiment may be used singly or in combination with other embodiments. Therefore, it is intended that this invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein, but that the invention include all embodiments falling within the scope and the spirit of the present invention.