Patent Publication Number: US-11031271-B2

Title: Heater system, ceramic heater, plasma treatment system, and adsorption system

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a national stage entry according to 35 U.S.C. 371 of PCT Application No. PCT/JP2017/016229 filed on Apr. 24, 2017, which claims priority to Japanese Application No. 2016-092090 filed on Apr. 28, 2016, and Japanese Application No. 2016-242098 filed on Dec. 14, 2016, which are entirely incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a heater system, ceramic heater, plasma treatment system, and adsorption system. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In semiconductor manufacturing systems and other technical fields, in order to heat semiconductor substrates (below, also referred to as “wafers”), ceramic heaters provided with resistance heating elements on the surfaces or in internal portions of the ceramic substrates may be used. 
     In the ceramic heater in Patent Literature 1, three or more electrodes are provided with respect to one resistance heating element provided in the ceramic substrate for supplying power to the resistance heating element. Due to this, the resistance heating element is substantially divided into a plurality of regions. Further, an AC power supply is individually provided with respect to each of the plurality of regions. 
     In the heater system in Patent Literature 2, a plurality of resistance heating elements are provided on/in the ceramic substrate. Further, a control part individually supplies power with respect to each of the plurality of resistance heating elements. 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-166451A 
     Patent Literature 2: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-135460A 
     SUMMARY 
     A heater system according to one non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure includes a heater including a ceramic substrate including a predetermined surface, and a resistance heating element extending along the predetermined surface in an internal portion or on a surface of the ceramic substrate; and a drive device which supplies power to the resistance heating element. Further, the drive device includes a main driving part which supplies a first power to the entirety of a predetermined first region in the resistance heating element, and an additional driving part which supplies a second power to a second region which is a portion of the first region, superimposed on the first power. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the configuration of a heater system according to a non-limiting embodiment. 
         FIG. 2  is a disassembled perspective view of a ceramic heater in the heater system in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a plan view showing an internal portion of the ceramic heater in  FIG. 2 . 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the IV-IV line in  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is an enlarged perspective view showing wiring inside the ceramic heater in  FIG. 2  and its periphery. 
         FIG. 6A  is a schematic view showing an outline of the configuration of a control system in the heater system in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 6B  is a view substantially showing an example of temperature control according to the control system in  FIG. 6A . 
         FIG. 7  is an example of a functional block diagram for controlling the temperature in the heater system in  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 8A  is a conceptual bottom surface view showing a ceramic heater according to a second a non-limiting embodiment. 
         FIG. 8B  is a view showing a route of a resistance heating element in the ceramic heater in  FIG. 8A . 
         FIG. 9A  is a perspective view showing the position of the wiring in  FIG. 8A . 
         FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional view taken along the IXb-IXb line in  FIG. 9A . 
         FIG. 10A  is a schematic view showing a non-limiting aspect of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 10B  is a schematic view showing another non-limiting aspect of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 10C  is a schematic view showing still another non-limiting aspect of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 10D  is a schematic view showing still another non-limiting aspect of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 11A  is a view showing an example of application to which a heater system in the present disclosure is applied. 
         FIG. 11B  is a view for explaining details of the example of application. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     In recent years, it is desired to provide a heater system and a ceramic heater capable of suitably controlling the temperature. The ceramic heater and heater system according to various aspects of the present disclosure can suitably control the temperature. Below, the ceramic heater and heater system according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be explained with reference to the drawings. 
     First Non-Limiting Embodiment 
     (Heater System) 
       FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing the configuration of a heater system  100  according to a non-limiting embodiment. 
     The heater system  100  has a ceramic heater  10  and a drive device  50  which drives the ceramic heater  10 . Below, they will be explained in order. 
     Note that, the ceramic heater  10  does not have to use the upper part on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 1  as the actual upper part. In the following description, for convenience, the upper part on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 1  will be defined as the actual upper part, and the “upper surface”, “lower surface”, and other terms will be sometimes used. 
     (Ceramic Heater) 
     The ceramic heater  10 , for example, has a substantially plate-shaped (disk-shaped in the example shown) heater body  10   a  and a pipe  10   b  extending downward from the heater body  10   a.    
     In the heater body  10   a , a wafer is placed on its upper surface  10   c  as an example of the heated object. The heater body  10   a  is a portion directly contributing to heating of the wafer. The pipe  10   b  is for example a portion contributing to support of the heater body  10   a  and/or protection of a cable (not shown) connected to the heater body  10   a . Note that, the ceramic heater may be defined by only the heater body  10   a  excluding the pipe  10   b  as well. 
     The upper surface  10   c  and lower surface (notation is omitted) of the heater body  10   a  are for example substantially planes. The planar shape and various dimensions of the heater body  10   a  may be suitably set considering the shape, dimensions, etc. of the heated object. For example, the planar shape is circular (example shown) or rectangular. When showing an example of the dimensions, the diameter is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the thickness is 5 mm to 30 mm. 
     The pipe  10   b  is a hollow member (see  FIG. 2  too) that is opened in the upper and lower parts (the two sides of the axial direction). The shapes of the lateral cross-section (cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction) and longitudinal cross-section (cross-section parallel to the axial direction) thereof may be suitably set. In the example shown, the pipe  10   b  has a cylindrical shape in which the diameter is constant relative to the position in the axial direction. Further, the dimensions of the pipe  10   b  may be suitably set. However, the lateral cross-section of the pipe  10   b  is smaller than the lower surface of the heater body  10   a . The pipe  10   b  may be configured by ceramic or another insulation material or may be configured by metal (conductive material). 
     The pipe  10   b  is positioned relative to the lower surface of the heater body  10   a  on the center side of the lower surface. Note that, the “center side” referred to here is for example closer to the center of gravity of the drawing (center) of the heater body  10   a  (lower surface) than the exact intermediate position between the above center of gravity of the drawing and the outer edge of the heater body  10   a . The center of gravity of the drawing is the point where the total sum of primary moments inside the figure becomes 0 and is the center in a circle. The line formed by connecting the intermediate positions described above is a similar figure to the outer edge of the heater body  10   a . The pipe  10   b  is formed by the same material as that for the heater body  10   a  (strictly speaking, a ceramic substrate  1  which will be explained later). It may be fixed to the heater body  10   a  by integrally forming it with the heater body  10   a  or may be prepared separately from the heater body  10   a  and be fixed to the heater body  10   a  by screws or other fasteners or a binder. 
     In a plane perspective, a region defined by an inner edge of the pipe  10   b  in the heater body  10   a  becomes a terminal arrangement region  10   d  (see  FIG. 3 ) in which a plurality of terminals  5  which will be explained later (see  FIG. 2 ) are arranged. The plurality of terminals  5  are exposed from the lower surface of the heater body  10   a  to the outside of the heater body  10   a.    
     In the pipe  10   b , a not shown plurality of cables are inserted. The plurality of cables are connected at single ends to the plurality of terminals  5  and are connected at the other ends to the drive device  50 . Due to this, the heater body  10   a  and the drive device  50  are electrically connected. Note that, the plurality of cables may be bundled to form something like one cable or may not be bundled. 
     (Internal Structure of Heater Body) 
       FIG. 2  is a disassembled perspective view of the ceramic heater  10 . 
     Note that, the ceramic heater  10  or heater body  10   a  after completion is for example integrally formed so that disassembly is impossible. That is, it is not necessary to be able to be disassembled as in the disassembled perspective view in  FIG. 2 . Further, the ceramic heater  10  or heater body  10   a  may be prepared by combination of a plurality of members (for example ceramic green sheets) as shown in  FIG. 2  or may be prepared according to a method different from such a method. 
     The heater body  10   a  is provided with a ceramic substrate  1  (for notation, see  FIG. 1 . It is configured by  1   a ,  1   b , and  1   c  in  FIG. 2 ), a resistance heating element  2  buried in the ceramic substrate  1 , and various conductors for supplying power to the resistance heating element  2 . The various conductors are for example connection conductors  3  (more substantially shown in  FIG. 2  to  FIG. 4  than those in  FIG. 5 ), wirings  4 , and terminals  5 . By current flowing in the resistance heating element  2 , heat is generated according to Joule&#39;s law whereby in turn the wafer placed on the upper surface  10   c  of the ceramic substrate  1  is heated. 
     (Ceramic Substrate) 
     The outer shape of the ceramic substrate  1  configures the outer shape of the heater body  10   a . Accordingly, the above explanation concerned with the shape and dimensions of the heater body  10   a  may be grasped as an explanation of the outer shape and dimensions of the ceramic substrate  1  as they are. 
     The material of the ceramic substrate  1  may be a ceramic. For example, the ceramic is a sintered body containing as principal ingredients aluminum nitride (AlN), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), etc. Note that, an aluminum nitride ceramic containing aluminum nitride as the principal ingredient is for example excellent in corrosion resistance. Accordingly, configuring the ceramic substrate  1  by an aluminum nitride ceramic may be used under a highly corrosive gas atmosphere in a non-limiting aspect of the disclosure. 
     In  FIG. 2 , the ceramic substrate  1  is configured by a first ceramic layer  1   a  to a third ceramic layer  1   c . However, as already explained, the ceramic substrate  1  may be prepared by the first ceramic layer  1   a  to third ceramic layer  1   c  stacked on each other or may be prepared according to a method different from such a method. Here, for convenience of explanation, it is grasped that the ceramic substrate  1  is configured by the first ceramic layer  1   a  to third ceramic layer  1   c.    
     The first ceramic layer  1   a  is a layer configuring the upper surface  10   c  of the heater body  10   a . The third ceramic layer  1   c  is a layer configuring the lower surface of the heater body  10   a . The second ceramic layer  1   b  is a layer positioned between the first ceramic layer  1   a  and the third ceramic layer  1   c . Each of the first ceramic layer  1   a  to the third ceramic layer  1   c  is for example a layer shape (plate shape) having substantially a constant thickness. The planar shapes thereof are the same as the planar shape of the entire heater body  10   a  (ceramic substrate  1 ) explained above. The thicknesses of the layers may be suitably set in accordance with the roles of the layers. 
     (Resistance Heating Element) 
     The resistance heating element  2  is configured by a conductor pattern positioned between the first ceramic layer  1   a  and the second ceramic layer  1   b . The conductor pattern extends on the upper surface of the ceramic layer  1   b  (from another viewpoint, the lower surface of the first ceramic layer  1   a ) along the above upper surface and is substantially linear in shape. As described above, the first ceramic layer  1   a  has substantially a constant thickness. Further, the resistance heating element  2  extends parallel to the upper surface  10   c  of the ceramic substrate  1 . 
       FIG. 3  is a plan view showing the upper surface of the second ceramic layer  1   b.    
     As the resistance heating element  2 , for example, only one is provided in the heater body  10   a . The resistance heating element  2  extends from one end (first main power supply part Pa) to the other end (second main power supply part Pb) so that it does not cross itself. 
     The two ends of the resistance heating element  2  become the first main power supply part Pa and second main power supply part Pb (below, sometimes they will be simply referred to as the “main power supply parts P” and the two will not be differentiated) for supplying power to the resistance heating element  2 . However, the main power supply parts P may be offset from the two ends of the resistance heating element  2  as well. Further, irrespective of presence/absence of such deviation, the term may be defined so that the term of the “resistance heating element  2 ” is used with respect to a portion (one example of first region) between the pair of main power supply parts P as well. In the following explanation, for convenience, the “two ends of the resistance heating element  2 ” and the “pair of main power supply parts P” are regarded as the same in meanings. 
     Note that, the resistance heating element  2  does not have to have a special configuration in the main power supply parts P (for example becomes pad shaped or the like) and may have the same configuration as the majority of the resistance heating element  2 . In  FIG. 3 , for convenience for clarifying the positions of the main power supply parts P, a via conductor (notation omitted) penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b  is shown at the positions of the main power supply parts P. This via conductor, as will be explained later, configures the connection conductor  3  or terminals  5 . However, the resistance heating element  2  may have a special configuration in the main power supply parts P as well. 
     When viewed on a plane, the positions of the two ends (Pa, Pb) of the resistance heating element  2  and the position and shape of the route of the resistance heating element  2  may be suitably set. For example, the two ends of the resistance heating element  2  fall in the terminal arrangement region  10   d  explained above. 
     Further, for example, the resistance heating element  2 , when viewed on a plane, extends in the first area Ar 1  to fourth area Ar 4  (fan-shaped areas in the example shown, below, sometimes they will be simply referred to as the “areas Ar”) obtained by dividing the ceramic substrate  1  in a circumferential direction in order. The number of areas divided into and the size relationships of the plurality of areas Ar may be suitably set. In the example shown, the division is equal division. However, it need not be equal division. Further, the equal division is division to four equal parts. However, the equal division is not limited to division to four equal parts. It may be division to two equal parts, division to three equal parts, or division to five or more equal parts. 
     The route of the resistance heating element  2  in each of the areas Ar may be suitably set. In the example shown, the resistance heating element  2 , in the areas Ar, substantially extends in a zigzag manner (meandering state). That is, the resistance heating element  2  extends so as be shifted in position in a predetermined first direction (the right and left direction on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 3 ) while running back and forth in a second direction (up-and-down direction on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 3 ) perpendicular to the first direction. 
     In more detail, in the example shown, the resistance heating element  2  extends back and forth in a direction parallel to the second direction and is shifted in position in the first direction at the end part of back and forth extension. However, the resistance heating element  2  may be shifted in position in the first direction by extending back and forth obliquely in the second direction as triangle waves. In the example shown, the resistance heating element  1  may be linear shaped parallel to the first direction or may be curved shaped so as to expand toward the outside at the end parts of the back and forth extension. 
     The first direction (and the second direction perpendicular to this) may be suitably set with respect to each area Ar. In the example shown, the second direction (back and forth direction) is the direction parallel to one of the two border lines (two radii in fan shape) on the two sides of each area Ar. However, the second direction may be a direction parallel to the center line positioned at exactly the middle of the two border lines or may be a direction perpendicular to the center line. Note that, in the example shown, each area Ar is a fan shape having a center angle of 90°. Therefore, when the second direction is parallel to one of the two border lines as described above, the first direction is parallel to the other border line. 
     The length (reciprocating distance) in the second direction (up-and-down direction on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 3 ) of the resistance heating element  2  may be suitably set. For example, the reciprocating distance changes in accordance with the change of the length in the second direction of each area Ar relative to the position in the first direction (right and left direction on the drawing sheet in  FIG. 3 ) so that the arrangement area of the resistance heating element  2  becomes similar to the shape of the area Ar. Further, the pitch in the first direction of the resistance heating element  2  may be suitably set. The pitch may be constant or may change in accordance with the position in the first direction. 
     The resistance heating element  2 , other than the meandering portion as described above, has a portion extending along the outer edge of the ceramic substrate  1 . Due to this, for example, the resistance heating element  2  can be extended from one area Ar to the other area Ar without making the resistance heating element  2  intersect with itself. 
     The material of the resistance heating element  2  is a conductor (for example a metal) generating heat by flow of current. The conductor may be suitably selected. It is for example tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), platinum (Pt), or indium (In) or alloys containing them as principal ingredients. As will be explained later, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the resistance heating element  2  is used also as a sensor element (thermistor) which detects the temperature. When use is made of tungsten or an alloy containing tungsten as the principal ingredient as the material of the resistance heating element  2 , for example, tungsten has a relatively high temperature coefficient of resistance, therefore the detection precision of the temperature is improved. 
     (Branched Power Supply Parts) 
     The resistance heating element  2  has one or more branched power supply parts (first branched power supply part D 1  to third branched power supply part D 3 , below, sometimes they will not be differentiated and will be simply referred to as the “branched power supply parts D”) for supplying power to the resistance heating element  2  between the pair of main power supply parts P (from another viewpoint, at intermediate positions in the resistance heating element  2 ). Accordingly, in the resistance heating element  2 , the power can be supplied to a portion between one main power supply part P and one branched power supply part D or between the two branched power supply parts D. That is, in the resistance heating element  2 , it is possible to partially supply power. From another viewpoint, the resistance heating element  2  has a first divided region R 1  to fourth divided region R 4  (each is one example of the second region, below, sometimes they will not be differentiated and will be simply referred to as the “divided regions Rn”) punctuated by the branched power supply parts D in the portion (one example of the first region) between the pair of main power supply parts P. 
     Note that, even if the resistance heating element  2  has the branched power supply parts D, in the same way as the main power supply parts P, the resistance heating element  2  does not have to have a special configuration (for example pad etc.) in the branched power supply parts D. The branched power supply parts D may be the same in configuration as the other majority of the resistance heating element  2 . In  FIG. 3 , in the same way as the main power supply parts P, for convenience, via conductors (notations are omitted, connection conductors  3 ) penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b  are shown at the positions of the branched power supply parts D. 
     However, the resistance heating element  2  may have a special configuration in the branched power supply parts D as well. For example, the branched power supply parts D may be configured by a material (for example the material configuring the connection conductors  3 ) different from the material configuring the other majority of the resistance heating element  2  as well. That is, from the viewpoint of the material, a plurality of resistance heating elements may be connected in series to configure the resistance heating element  2  as well. In this case as well, the power can be supplied to the entirety of the resistance heating element  2  by the potential difference of the pair of main power supply parts P. Accordingly, in the present disclosure, the explanation will be given assuming that there is one resistance heating element  2 . Further, the branched power supply parts D will be regarded as a portion of the resistance heating element  2 . This is true also for the main power supply parts P. 
     The number of branched power supply parts D (number of the divided regions Rn), relative positions of branched power supply parts D to the main power supply part P or to other branched power supply parts D on the route of the resistance heating element  2  (length of the divided regions Rn), and the positions of the branched power supply parts D relative to the ceramic substrate  1  (positions of the divided regions Rn relative to the ceramic substrate  1 ) may be suitably set. In the example shown, they are as follows. 
     As the branched power supply parts D, for example, three in total are provided. Further, on the route of the resistance heating element  2 , from the second main power supply part Pb to the first main power supply part Pa, the first branched power supply part D 1 , second branched power supply part D 2 , and third branched power supply part D 3  are positioned in that order. Consequently, four divided regions Rn in total are provided. Further, on the route of the resistance heating element  2 , from the second main power supply part Pb to the first main power supply part Pa, the first divided region R 1 , second divided region R 2 , third divided region R 3 , and fourth divided region R 4  are positioned in that order. 
     The plurality of (three in the example shown) branched power supply parts D are for example provided on the route of the resistance heating element  2  so as to substantially equally divide the length between the pair of main power supply parts P (divide to four equal parts in the example shown). That is, the lengths of the plurality of divided regions Rn are substantially equal to each other. When referring to “substantially equal”, for example, it means a difference between the length of each of the plurality of divided regions Rn and the length obtained by strictly equally dividing the length between the pair of main power supply parts P is 10% or less of the latter. 
     The plurality of divided regions Rn are for example set so as to be substantially positioned in the plurality of areas Ar. Specifically, this is as follows 
     The resistance heating element  2  extends from the second main power supply part Pb in the terminal arrangement region  10   d  to the first area Ar 1 . Further, the first branched power supply part D 1 , for example, is positioned, in the portion where the resistance heating element  2  extends from the first area Ar 1  to the second area Ar 2  along the outer edge of the ceramic substrate  1 , at the boundary of the two areas Ar. Due to this, the first divided region R 1  extends substantially in the first area Ar 1 . 
     Further, the second branched power supply part D 2 , for example, is positioned, in the portion where the resistance heating element  2  extends from the second area Ar 2  to the third area Ar 3  in the terminal arrangement region  10   d , at the boundary of the two areas Ar. Due to this, the second divided region R 2  substantially extends in the second area Ar 2 . 
     Further, the third branched power supply part D 3 , for example, is positioned, in the portion where the resistance heating element  2  extends from the third area Ar 3  to the fourth area Ar 4  along the outer edge of the ceramic substrate  1 , at the boundary of two areas Ar. Due to this, the third divided region R 3  substantially extends in the third area Ar 3 . 
     Further, the resistance heating element  2  passes through the fourth area Ar 4  from the third branched power supply part D 3  and extends to the first main power supply part Pa in the terminal arrangement region  10   d . Due to this, the fourth divided region R 4  substantially extends in the fourth area Ar 4 . 
     (Connection Conductors, Wirings, and Terminals) 
       FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the IV-IV line in  FIG. 3 . 
     The connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  shown in  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 4  are ones for supplying power to the resistance heating element  2  and are provided in the ceramic substrate  1 . The wirings  4  become hierarchical wirings positioned in the lower layer relative to the resistance heating element  2  and connects any of the plurality of power supply parts (P and D) and any of the plurality of terminals  5 . The connection conductors  3  are interposed between the wirings  4  and the power supply parts and contribute to connection of them. By the provision of such hierarchical wirings, for example, it becomes possible to connect any position (power supply part) of the resistance heating element  2  and a terminal positioned at any position. 
     More specifically, for example, the terminals  5 , as already explained, are exposed from the lower surface of the ceramic substrate  1  to the outside of the ceramic substrate  1  in a portion of the region on the center side in a planar view of the ceramic substrate  1  constituting the terminal arrangement region  10   d  ( FIG. 3 ). Further, for example, among the main power supply parts P and branched power supply parts D, ones positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d  (D 1  and D 3  in the present non-limiting embodiment) are connected through the connection conductors  3  and wirings  4  to the terminals  5 . On the other hand, among the main power supply parts P and branched power supply parts D, ones positioned in the terminal arrangement region  10   d  (Pa, Pb, and D 2  in the present non-limiting embodiment) are for example directly connected to the terminals  5  without going through the wirings  4 . 
     The connection conductors  3  are for example configured by via conductors penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b . Further, by positioning them right under the first branched power supply part D 1  and the third branched power supply part D 3 , they are connected to these power supply parts. In other words, the connection conductors  3  project from the power supply parts of the resistance heating element  2  to the side opposite to the upper surface  10   c  of the ceramic substrate  1  in the internal portion of the ceramic substrate  1 . 
     The wiring  4  is for example configured by a conductor pattern positioned between the second ceramic layer  1   b  and the third ceramic layer  1   c . That is, the wiring  4  is buried in the ceramic substrate  1 . The dimensions and shape of the wiring  4  may be suitably set. In the example shown, the wiring  4  linearly extends with substantially a constant width. Further, when viewed on a plane, the terminals  5  are positioned in a portion on the center side of the ceramic substrate  1  constituting the terminal arrangement region  10   d  and the first branched power supply part D 1  and the third branched power supply part D 3  are positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d . Corresponding to such a configuration, the wiring  4  substantially extends in a radial direction of the ceramic substrate  1 . Note that, as already explained, each of the first ceramic layer  1   a  and the second ceramic layer  1   b  has substantially a constant thickness, therefore the wiring  4  extends parallel to the upper surface  10   c  of the ceramic substrate  1 . 
     Among the plurality of terminals  5 , one connected to the wiring  4  is for example configured by a via conductor penetrating through the third ceramic layer  1   c . Further, this terminal  5  is connected to the wiring  4  by being positioned right under the wiring  4  at substantially the end part of the wiring  4  on the side opposite to the connection conductor  3 . 
     Among the plurality of terminals  5 , ones directly connected to the power supply parts (Pa, Pb, and D 2 ) are for example configured by via conductors penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b  and third ceramic layer  1   c . Further, these terminals  5  are connected to the power supply parts (Pa, Pb, and D 2 ) by being positioned right under the resistance heating element  2 . The portions penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b  in these terminals  5  may be grasped as the connection conductors  3  as well. 
     Note that, although particularly not shown, all terminals  5  may further have pads (layer-shaped conductors) positioned on the lower surface of the ceramic substrate  1  as well. 
     The materials for the connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  may be made suitable conductors (for example metals). For example, the materials are copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al) or alloys containing them as principal ingredients. Further, the materials of these members may be the same as the material for the resistance heating element  2  as well. The surfaces of the terminals  5  which are exposed to the outside may be covered by a metal excellent in bonding property and/or corrosion resistance as well. 
     The via conductors configuring the connection conductors  3  (the same also for divided conductors  3   a  which will be explained later) and the terminals  5  may be the same as the various conductors used in a multilayer wiring board. The via conductors may be conductors filled in holes formed in the ceramic layers as well (the conductors may be solid). Further, the via conductors may be conductors formed on the inner circumferential surfaces in the holes described before as well (the conductors may be hollow). However, if it is solid, it is easy to secure the conduction area. In the internal portions of the hollow via conductors, an insulation material may be filled in portions or the entirety of the same as well. Further, the via conductors may be constant in diameter or may change in diameter (for example may be tapered shaped or inversely tapered shaped) as well. Also, the shapes of the cross-sections perpendicular to the penetration direction may be suitably set. For example, the shapes may be circular. In a case where the via conductors penetrate through two or more ceramic layers, the via conductors may be prepared by superimposing conductors penetrating through the ceramic layer on each other or may be prepared so as to penetrate through two or more ceramic layers. 
     In the connection parts of the via conductors (connection conductors  3  and terminals  5 ) and the layer-shaped pattern (resistance heating element  2  and wirings  4 ), from the viewpoint of the material or manufacturing process etc., the via conductors may be connected to the upper surface or lower surface of the layer-shaped pattern or the layer-shaped pattern may be connected to the peripheries of the via conductors. Such differentiation may be impossible as well. In the explanation of the present disclosure, for convenience, in any case, the explanation will be given by conceptually grasping that the connection conductors  3  and/or terminals  5  are connected to the upper surfaces or lower surfaces of the resistance heating element  2  and wirings  4 . 
       FIG. 5  is a perspective view showing the wiring  4  and its periphery in an enlarged manner. 
     Each connection conductor  3  includes a plurality of (three in the example shown) divided conductors  3   a . The plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are positioned along the route of the resistance heating element  2  and are connected in parallel between one power supply part (D 1  or D 3  in the present non-limiting embodiment) and one wiring  4 . Due to this, it becomes easier to secure the conduction area of the resistance heating element  2  and the wiring  4 . Each divided conductor  3   a , as explained above in the explanation of the connection conductors  3 , for example, is configured by a via conductor penetrating through the second ceramic layer  1   b.    
     The shape and dimensions of each divided conductor  3   a  may be suitably set. For example, the via conductor configuring the divided conductor  3   a , as already explained, may be the same as one used in the multilayer wiring board. As an example, it is substantially columnar in shape. Further, the diameter (for example maximum diameter) of each divided conductor  3   a  is for example substantially equal to the width of the resistance heating element  2 . When referring to “substantially equal”, it means, for example, the difference of the two is 10% or less of the width of the resistance heating element  2 . Naturally, the diameter of the divided conductor  3   a  need not be equal to the width of the resistance heating element  2  either. When showing an example of dimensions, for example, the width of the resistance heating element  2  is 1 mm to 10 mm. Further, for example, the diameter of the divided conductor  3   a  (columnar shape) is 1 mm to 7 mm. 
     The number, relative positions, etc. of the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  may be suitably set. The number of the divided conductors  3   a  may be two or four or more as well unlike the example shown. The relative positions of the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  corresponding to one power supply part are defined according to the route of the resistance heating element  2  since the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are aligned along the route of the resistance heating element  2 . In the example shown, the power supply part (D 1  or D 3 ) is positioned in the portion where the resistance heating element  2  forms an arc having a relatively large curvature radius, therefore the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are substantially linearly aligned. According to the shape of the route of the resistance heating element  2  and the position of the power supply part, the three divided conductors  3   a  are for example arranged in a triangular shape. The interval of the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  corresponding to one power supply part may be suitably set. Further, the interval may be relatively narrow. Even if the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are short-circuited with each other, no electrical inconvenience arises. 
     The wiring  4  is for example configured so that its cross-sectional area (when not particularly indicated, the area of the lateral cross-section (cross-section perpendicular to the route), the same true also for the resistance heating element  2 ) becomes larger than the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 . In more detail, for example, the wiring  4  is made broader in the width in comparison with the width of the resistance heating element  2 . Due to this, the cross-sectional area of the wiring  4  becomes larger than the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 . Note that, so far as the cross-sectional area of the wiring  4  is larger than the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 , the thickness of the wiring  4  may be thinner, equal to, or thicker as well relative to the thickness of the resistance heating element  2 . Note that, when referring to “the thickness of the wiring  4  is substantially equal to the thickness of the resistance heating element  2 ”, it means, for example, the difference of the two is 10% or less of the thickness of the resistance heating element  2 . 
     The degree of size of the cross-sectional area of the wiring  4  may be suitably set in comparison with the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 . For example, the cross-sectional area of the wiring  4  is 2 times or more or 5 times or more of the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 . In the same way, the width of the wiring  4  is for example 2 times or more or 5 times or more of the width of the resistance heating element  2 . When showing an example of dimensions, the width of the resistance heating element  2  is 1 mm to 10 mm, and the thickness of the resistance heating element  2  is 10 μm to 150 μm. The width of the wiring  4  is about 10 times of that of the resistance heating element  2 , and the thickness of the wiring  4  is the same degree as the thickness of the resistance heating element  2  (the cross-sectional area of the wiring  4  is about 10 times of the cross-sectional area of the resistance heating element  2 ). 
     The shape of the wiring  4  in a connection part with the connection conductor  3  may be suitably set so that connection with the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  becomes possible. In the example shown, the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are substantially arranged along the width direction of the wiring  4  and the lengths of arrangement of the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  are larger than the width of the wiring  4 . Corresponding to this configuration, the connection part of the wiring  4  with the connection conductor  3  has two branch portions  4   a  extending to the two sides of the width direction. Note that, corresponding to the arrangement of the plurality of divided conductors  3   a , such a branch portion  4   a  need not be provided, or the branch portions  4   a  may extend to suitable directions. Further, the branch portion  4   a  need not be provided, but pad-shaped portions may be formed as well. 
     The terminals  5  are for example made larger in their diameters in comparison with the divided conductors  3   a . For example, the diameter of the terminal  5  is 2 times or more of the diameter of the divided conductor  3   a . Further, from another viewpoint, the diameter of the terminal  5  is for example substantially equal to the width of the wiring  4 . When referring to “substantially equal”, it means, for example, the difference of the two is 10% or less of the width of the wiring  4 . 
       FIG. 5  shows a terminal  5  connected to the wiring  4 . However, the shape and dimensions of a terminal  5  which is directly connected to power supply parts (Pa, Pb, and D 2 ) in the explanation, excluding the length in its axial direction (thickness direction of the ceramic substrate  1 ), are the same as those of the terminal shown in  FIG. 5 . 
     However, a terminal  5  which is directly connected to the power supply part in the explanation (from another viewpoint, a terminal  5  connected to a power supply part positioned in the terminal arrangement region  10   d ), in the same way as a terminal  5  connected to a power supply part outside the terminal arrangement region  10   d , may be connected through a plurality of divided conductors  3   a  provided in the second ceramic layer  1   b  to the power supply part as well (the portion in the third ceramic layer  1   c  may be defined as a terminal  5  as well). In this case, when viewed on a plane, the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  may fall in the terminal  5  as well. When they do not fall into the latter, in the same way as the outside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d , the layer-shaped pattern corresponding to the wiring  4  may be interposed between the plurality of divided conductors  3   a  and the terminal  5  as well. 
     (Drive Device) 
     The drive device  50  shown in  FIG. 1  is configured including for example a power supply circuit and IC (integrated circuit, from another viewpoint, a computer) and the like. It converts power from a commercial power source to an AC power and/or DC power having a suitable voltage and supplies the result to the ceramic heater  10  (plurality of terminals  5 ). The IC is provided with for example a CPU, ROM, RAM, and external memory device. By the CPU running a program stored in the ROM etc., various types of functional parts such as the control part are configured. Note that, the control part etc. may be configured by combining circuits performing predetermined computation processing as well. The processing carried out by the drive device  50  may be digital processing or may be analog processing. 
     (Outline of Control Method) 
       FIG. 6A  is a schematic view showing an outline of the configuration of the control system in the heater system  100 . 
     In this view, in the upper part on the drawing sheet, the resistance heating element  2  is substantially shown by the white line extending in the right and left direction. The two ends thereof form a pair of main power supply parts P. A plurality of branched power supply parts D are positioned in the middle. The notations and figures on the periphery of the resistance heating element  2  substantially show the components of the drive device  50 . 
     The drive device  50  has for example a main driving part  51  and additional driving part  52 . The main driving part  51  supplies the main power (one example of first power, main current) to the portion between the pair of main power supply parts P. That is, the main driving part  51  supplies the main power to the entirety of the resistance heating element  2 . Further, the additional driving part  52 , for example, individually supplies additional power (one example of second power, additional current) to a portion between each neighboring two power supply parts (P and D) on the route of the resistance heating element  2  among the plurality of parts. That is, the additional driving part  52  individually supplies additional power to the plurality of divided regions Rn. 
     Accordingly, in the resistance heating element  2 , the additional current ends up partially flowing so as to be superimposed on the main current flowing in the entirety thereof. As a result, for example, the majority of the amount of heat generated by the heater body  10   a  is realized by the main power while temperature control suitable for the area Ar can be carried out for each area Ar of the heater body  10   a . Consequently, for example, homogenization of the temperature distribution in the heater body  10   a  and conversely formation of a desired temperature gradient in the heater body  10   a  are facilitated. Note that, in the following description, basically the explanation will be given taking as an example a case where the temperature distribution is made uniform. 
     The main power may be either of DC power or AC power. Also, the additional power may be either of DC power or AC power. Whether the power is DC or AC power may be the same between the main power and the additional power or may be different. Further, it may be also the same or different among the plurality of divided regions Rn. The frequency of the AC power may be the same or different between the main power and the additional power as well. In the case where it is different, either of the frequency of the main power or the frequency of the additional power may be higher as well. The frequency of the AC power of the additional power may be the same or different among the plurality of divided regions Rn. The specific value of the frequency of the AC power may be suitably set. The AC power may be one in which potentials at the two ends of the region supplied with power fluctuate, may be one in which one end is made the reference potential and the potential only at the other end fluctuate. The fluctuation of the potential may switch it to positive or negative relative to the reference potential or may not switch it. 
     For example, the main power is DC power. Further, the additional power is AC power. Alternatively, the main power is AC power, and the additional power is AC power having a higher frequency than the main power. Note that, in the explanation of the present non-limiting embodiment, as the specific configuration of the drive device  50 , one predicated on such relationships will be exemplified. Even in the relationships of the main power and the additional power described above, specific values of the frequencies of the AC power as the main power and the AC power of the additional power may be suitably set. For example, the frequency of the main power is 10 Hz to 100 Hz. Further, the frequency of the main power may be the frequency of the commercial power source as it is. For example, in Japan, it is 50 Hz or 60 Hz. Further, for example, the frequency of the additional power is 1 kHz to 100 kHz or 1 kHz to 10 kHz. 
     The relationship of magnitude of the power values may be suitably set between the main power and the additional power. For example, the power values of the two may be different to an extent where the relationship of one being larger than the other is maintained irrespective of fluctuation of the power value for the temperature control. Alternatively, the relationship of magnitude of the two may fluctuate corresponding to the fluctuation described before. For example, the drive device  50  controls the main power and the additional power so that the power value becomes larger in the main power than that in the additional power irrespective of the fluctuation of the power values for the temperature control. 
       FIG. 6B  is a graph substantially showing an example of the temperature control in the heater system  100 . In this graph, an abscissa indicates the time, and an ordinate indicates the temperature. 
     In the example shown, the drive device  50  for example controls the main power and additional power so that the temperature distribution in the heater body  10   a  becomes uniform and the temperature thereof converges to a constant target temperature tr 0  along with the elapse of time. Specifically, for example, the drive device  50  controls the main power so that the temperature of the heater body  10   a  becomes a set temperature tra which is lower than the target temperature tr 0  by heating by the main power. Note that,  FIG. 6B  is a schematic graph. Here, the set temperature tra may be grasped as the target value or may be grasped as the result of control. Further, the drive device  50  controls the additional power for each divided region Rn so that the temperature of each divided region Rn (area Ar) becomes the target temperature tr 0 . Due to this, the temperature of each divided region Rn rises from the set temperature tra by the amount of temperature rise, tadd, caused by heating by the additional power. As a result, the temperature of each divided region Rn converges to the target temperature tr 0 . 
     Note that,  FIG. 6B  is a schematic graph, therefore the state of vibration of the temperature obtained by adding the temperature tr 0  and the amount of temperature rise tadd relative to the target temperature tr 0  is expressed relatively large by a rectangular wave. In actuality, such vibration may be reduced by employing a precise control method such as PID (proportional integral differential) control. 
     As understood also from the already given explanation that the relationship of magnitude of the main power and the additional power may be suitably set, the magnitude of the set temperature tra (target value) concerning the heating by the main power may be suitably set relative to the target temperature tr 0 . For example, the set temperature tra (° C.) may be determined so that the amount of rise from the reference temperature is 50% or more or less than 50% of the amount of rise from the reference temperature up to the target temperature tr 0  (° C.). For example, the set temperature tra (° C.) is determined so that the amount of rise from normal temperature (for example, determined as 20° which is the center value of the normal temperature 20° C.±15° C. defined by the Japanese Industrial Standards) is 90% or more of the amount of rise from the normal temperature to the target temperature tr 0 . Further, for example, in a case where it is intended to achieve the target temperature tr 0  by only the main power, the temperature difference which may be generated in the heater body  10   a  or heated object is found according to experiments or computation. A value is obtained by multiplying the above difference by a predetermined coefficient (for example 1 or more and 3 or less). The value is subtracted from the target temperature tr 0 . The result may be found as the set temperature tra. As an example, the target temperature tr 0  is 650° C., and the set temperature tra is 620° C. 
     (Isolation Transformer) 
     Returning to  FIG. 6A , the drive device  50  for example has a first isolation transformer T 1  to fourth isolation transformer T 4  (below, sometimes they will be simply referred to as the “isolation transformers T” and will not be differentiated). An isolation transformer T is for example provided for each divided region Rn and mediates the supply of the AC power of the additional power from the additional driving part  52  to the divided region Rn. By the provision of such isolation transformers T, for example, when a component of a frequency higher than the frequency of the AC power (noise) is included in the additional power, an liability of flow of the component to the resistance heating element  2  can be reduced. This is because the impedance (reactance) of the coil becomes larger as the frequency is higher. 
     In an isolation transformer T, the primary side (coil) and the secondary side (coil) only have to be insulated. Naturally, an isolation transformer T may be configured so that not only the primary side and the secondary side are simply insulated, but also a shield is arranged or the like so that isolation between the primary side and the secondary side is improved (may be an isolation transformer in a narrow sense as well). The structure and material etc. of the isolation transformers T may be the same as various known ones. 
     In an isolation transformer T, the transformation ratio cannot be changed. The transformation ratio is constant. Otherwise, the transformation ratio can be changed in the isolation transformer T, but the drive device  50  does not change the transformation ratio of the isolation transformer T concerning the control (fluctuation) of the voltage of the additional power so as to make the temperature of the heater body  10   a  follow the target temperature. That is, the transformation ratio of the isolation transformer T is constant regardless of the temperature of the ceramic heater  10 . However, even if it is constant regardless of the temperature, naturally fluctuation of deviation accompanying the temperature change arises. 
     The transformation ratio of the isolation transformer T may be less than 1, may be 1, or may exceed 1. Other parameters may be suitably set as well. For example, the inductance of the coil in the isolation transformer T may be suitably set so that the impedance is relatively small at the frequency of the AC power of the additional power, and the impedance becomes relatively higher at the frequency of high frequency component which should be cut. 
     (Coil) 
     The drive device  50  for example has a first capacitor C 1  to a fourth capacitor C 4  (below, sometimes they will be simply referred to as the “capacitors C” and will not be differentiated). A capacitor C is for example provided for each divided region Rn and is connected in series between the additional driving part  52  and the divided region Rn. By the provision of such capacitors C, for example, the liability of flow of a main current of a DC current or an AC current having a relatively lower frequency to the additional driving part  52  side is reduced, while an additional current of an AC current having a relatively high frequency can be made to flow to the resistance heating element  2 . This is because the impedance (reactance) of capacitors C is larger as the frequency becomes lower. 
     The structure and material etc. of the capacitors C may be made the same as various known ones. The capacitance of the capacitors C may be suitably set so that the impedance becomes relatively high at the frequency of the DC power or AC power as the main power and the impedance becomes relatively low at the frequency of the AC power of the additional power. 
     (Specific Configuration of Drive Device) 
       FIG. 7  is an example of a functional block diagram for controlling the temperature in the heater system  100 . 
     The heater system  100 , as already explained, has the ceramic heater  10  and drive device  50 . The drive device  50  is provided with a main control part  101  which controls the supply of the main power, an additional control part  110  which controls the supply of the additional power, and a temperature measurement part  130  and a temperature measurement control part  150  which measure the temperature of the heater body  10   a.    
     Note that, the main driving part  51  explained with reference to  FIG. 6A  is for example configured by the main control part  101 , temperature measurement part  130 , and temperature measurement control part  150 . Further, the additional driving part  52  explained with reference to  FIG. 6A  is for example configured by the additional control part  110 , temperature measurement part  130 , and temperature measurement control part  150 . The temperature measurement part  130  and temperature measurement control part  150  are shared by the main driving part  51  and the additional driving part  52 . 
     (Main Control Part) 
     The main control part  101 , for example, converts the power supplied from a commercial power source or not shown power supply circuit to DC power or AC power having a suitable voltage and supplies the power as the main power through the terminals  5  to the pair of main power supply parts P. At this time, the main control part  101 , as explained with reference to  FIG. 6B , controls the voltage of the main power so that the set temperature tra is realized by the main power. 
     The set temperature tra is for example set by operation by a user with respect to a not shown input device. Otherwise, the target temperature tr 0  may be set by operation by the user with respect to the input device, and the predetermined computation processing with respect to this target temperature tr 0  may be carried out by the drive device  50  (for example the main control part  101  or temperature measurement control part  150 ) to set the set temperature tra as well. The input device may be the same as various known ones. For example, it may be a switch outputting a signal corresponding to the rotation position of a knob or may be a touch panel. 
     Note that the signal including information of the set temperature tra or target temperature tr 0  which is output by the input device to the main control part  101  is for example a signal taking the voltage value as the signal level (the voltage value is different in accordance with the content of the information). Also the other various signals which will be explained later may be signals taking the voltage values as the signal levels so far as it is not particularly indicated otherwise. 
     The control carried out by the main control part  101  is for example feedback control based on the actual temperature (detection temperature) of the heater body  10   a . However, unlike the example shown, the control carried out by the main control part  101  may be open control without performing feedback as well. As explained with reference to  FIG. 6A  and  FIG. 6B , this is because the temperature of each divided region Rn (each area Ar) is controlled also by the control of the additional power. 
     The method of feedback control carried out by the main control part  101  may be a known suitable one. For example, the control may be proportional control, may be PD (proportional differential) control, may be PI (proportional integral) control, or may be PID control. Further, for example, the control may be on/off control stopping the supply of power when the detection temperature reaches a set temperature (or another temperature or temperature range based on a set temperature) and supplying power when it does not reach a set temperature as well. When PID control is employed as the control method, for example, overshoot, steady state deviation, etc. are reduced, so the temperature control can be highly precisely carried out. 
     Corresponding to the target value of the control by the main control part  101  being not the target temperature tr 0  ( FIG. 6B ), but being a set temperature tra which is lower than this, under the control carried out by the main control part  101 , the temperature to be fed back is for example not the actual temperature of the heater body  10   a  as it is, but is a temperature lower than the actual temperature. 
     For example, the main control part  101  multiplies a predetermined coefficient (less than 1) with respect to the actual temperature and/or subtracts a predetermined constant from the actual temperature so that the main control part  101  calculates the temperature which should be made to follow the set temperature tra. Further, for example, computation processing using a map linking the actual temperature and the temperature to be followed may be carried out as well. Corresponding to the difference between the actual temperature and the target temperature tr 0  or set temperature tra or absolute values of the actual temperature, the target temperature tr 0  or set temperature tra, the coefficient or constant or computation method may be different as well. When the drive device  50  performs predetermined computation with respect to the target temperature tr 0  and sets the set temperature tra as explained above, the same computation as that computation may be carried out with respect to the actual temperature as well. 
     The information (signal including the information) of the actual temperature of the heater body  10   a  is input from the temperature measurement control part  150  to the main control part  101 . Note that, the roles of the main control part  101  and the temperature measurement control part  150  may be suitably shared. For example, unlike the above explanation, in place of the actual temperature information, the temperature obtained by applying the above computation with respect to the actual temperature may be input from the temperature measurement control part  150  to the main control part  101 , or the computation may be carried out in the temperature measurement control part  150  up to calculation of the voltage value of the main power based on deviation as well. 
     Concerning the control by the main control part  101 , the actual temperature of the heater body  10   a  is for example a mean temperature of the entire heater body  10   a . However, the actual temperature may be the temperature at a specific position in the heater body  10   a  as well. The specific position may be or not may be a position where the temperature becomes close to the mean temperature of the entire heater body  10   a . This is because, in any case, finally the temperature of each divided region Rn is suitably controlled according to the control of the additional power for each divided region Rn. 
     (Additional Control Part) 
     The additional control part  110  for example converts the power supplied from a commercial power source or not shown power supply circuit to AC power having a suitable voltage and supplies the power as additional power through the terminals  5  to the plurality of divided regions Rn. At this time, the additional control part  110 , as explained with reference to  FIG. 6B , controls the additional power for each divided region Rn so that the target temperature tr 0  is realized by superimposing the additional power with respect to the main power. Note that, the target temperature tr 0 , as already referred to, is for example set by operation by the user with respect to a not shown input device. 
     The control carried out by the additional control part  110  is for example feedback control based on the actual temperature (detection temperature) of the heater body  10   a . The method of feedback control carried out by the additional control part  110 , in the same way as the main control part  101 , may be a known suitable one. For example, it is proportion control, PD control, PI control, PID control, or on/off control. Note that, when PID control is employed as the control method, for example, overshoot, state deviation, etc. are reduced, so the temperature control can be highly precisely carried out. 
     The temperature fed back in the control carried out by the additional control part  110  may be for example the actual temperature as it is unlike the main control part  101 . Further, the additional control part  110  performs control so that the actual temperature becomes the target temperature tr 0 . As a result, the difference between the target temperature tr 0  and the temperature fed back in the control by the main control part  101  (the temperature lower than the actual temperature) is realized by the additional power. 
     The information (signal including the information) of the actual temperature of the heater body  10   a  is input from the temperature measurement control part  150  to the additional control part  110 . Concerning the control by the additional control part  110 , the actual temperature of the heater body  10   a  is for example the temperature of each divided region Rn. 
     Note that, the roles of the additional control part  110  and the temperature measurement control part  150  may be suitably shared. For example, unlike the above explanation, in place of the information of the actual temperature, the deviation between the target temperature tr 0  and the actual temperature may be input from the temperature measurement control part  150  to the additional control part  110 , or the computation may be carried out in the temperature measurement control part  150  up to the calculation of the voltage value of the additional power based on the deviation. 
     The additional control part  110 , for example, may perform the control in a cycle (the cycle in which change or maintaining of the amount of operation is determined) shorter than the cycle of the control in the main control part  101 . In this case, for example, the additional control part  110  can smoothly cope with a temperature change occurring due to the control by the main control part  101 , therefore the actual temperature becomes easier to be made to converge to the target temperature tr 0 . 
     The additional control part  110 , for example, has a common power supply device  102  commonly provided with respect to the plurality of divided regions Rn, and branched control parts  111  to  114  and power amplifiers  121  to  124  provided for each divided region Rn and supplying power from the common power supply device  102  to the divided regions Rn. 
     The branched control part  111  and power amplifier  121  are used for the first divided region R 1 . The branched control part  112  and power amplifier  122  are used for the second divided region R 2 . The branched control part  113  and power amplifier  123  are used for the third divided region R 3 . The branched control part  114  and power amplifier  124  are used for the fourth divided region R 4 . 
     The common power supply device  102  converts the power supplied from a commercial power source or not shown power supply circuit to AC power having a frequency determined in advance. The frequency of this AC power is for example the same as the frequency of the AC power of the additional power supplied to the plurality of divided regions Rn. In this way, by sharing the common power supply device  102  among the plurality of divided regions Rn, for example, the configuration of the additional control part  110  is reduced in size. 
     The configurations of the branched control parts  111  to  114  may be the same as each other. Further, the configurations of the power amplifiers  121  to  124  may be the same as each other. In the following description, as the representatives of them, the branched control part  111  and power amplifier  121  used for to the first divided region R 1  will be explained. 
     The branched control part  111  and the power amplifier  121  control the voltage of the AC power of the additional power supplied to the first isolation transformer T 1  so that the actual temperature of the first divided region R 1  input from the temperature measurement control part  150  follows the target temperature tr 0 . 
     More specifically, for example, the branched control part  111  outputs the signal of a signal level corresponding to the deviation between the target temperature tr 0  and the actual temperature of the first divided region R 1  input from the temperature measurement control part  150 . As already explained, in the determination of the signal level based on the deviation, suitable control such as PID control may be carried out. The power amplifier  121  for example amplifies the power of the signal from the branched control part  111  with a constant amplification ratio and outputs the result to the first isolation transformer T 1 . From another viewpoint, at the supply of the AC power from the common power supply device  102  through the power amplifier  121  to the resistance heating element  2 , the power value thereof is controlled by the branched control part  111 . 
     To each of the branched control part  111  and the power amplifier  121 , for example, as already explained, AC power having the same frequency as that of the additional power is supplied from the common power supply device  102 . However, the additional power which is finally supplied to the first isolation transformer T 1  only have to be AC power. A DC signal may be suitably used in that process. 
     The branched control part  111  may perform compensation processing with respect to a change of resistivity accompanying a temperature change as well. For example, the gain at the time of determination of the signal level (voltage value of the additional power) based on the deviation may be adjusted based on the temperature change as well. Due to this, higher precision temperature control becomes possible. 
     (Temperature Measurement Part) 
     As already referred to, in the heater system  100 , the resistance heating element  2  is used also for an element (thermistor) for detecting the temperature. That is, the temperature measurement part  130  outputs a signal of a signal level corresponding to the change of the resistivity of the resistance heating element  2 . Due to this, it becomes possible to specify the temperature of the heater body  10   a  (strictly speaking, the resistance heating element  2 ). 
     The change of the resistivity may be detected in a suitable region on the route of the resistance heating element  2 . In the example shown, the supply parts (P and D) for supplying power to the resistance heating element  2  are used also for the portions for detecting the change of the resistivity (detecting the voltage) of the resistance heating element  2 . Due to this, it becomes possible to detect the mean temperature in the entirety of the resistance heating element  2  (between the pair of main power supply parts P) and the temperature in each divided region Rn (between the neighboring power supply parts (P or D) of the resistance heating element  2 ). Note that, the portion for detecting the potential may be set separately from the power supply part as well. 
     Specifically, for example, the temperature measurement part  130  is provided with resistor elements R 0 , R 5 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 12 , LPFs (low-pass filters)  131  to  135  and measurement-use amplifiers  141  to  145 . 
     The resistor element R 0 , as will be explained in detail later, is provided for specifying the current flowing in the resistance heating element  2  according to the main power and is connected in series between the main control part  101  and the resistance heating element  2 . The resistance value of the resistor element R 0  is for example made smaller in comparison with the resistance value of the resistance heating element  2 . For example, the resistance value of the resistor element R 0  is 1/100 or less of the resistance value of the entire resistance heating element  2 . By setting the resistance value of the resistor element R 0  small in this way, for example, the drop of the current in the resistance heating element  2  which occurs due to the provision of the resistor element R 0  is reduced. That is, the influence of the temperature measurement exerted upon the heating by the resistance heating element  2  is made smaller. 
     Note that, in  FIG. 7 , for convenience, the notation of the second main power supply part Pb (here, grounded) is shown not in the ceramic heater  10 , but in the temperature measurement part  130 . This shows that the resistor element R 0  is connected in series between the main control part  101  and the resistance heating element  2 . In actuality, the second main power supply part Pb is positioned in the ceramic heater  10 , and the resistor element R 0  is positioned outside of the ceramic heater  10 . However, it is also possible to provide the resistor element R 0  in the ceramic heater  10  (between the pair of main power supply parts P). 
     The following explanation of the temperature measurement by the temperature measurement part  130  and temperature measurement control part  150  will be given assuming that the resistor element R 0  is positioned between the first branched power supply part D 1  and the second main power supply part Pb for convenience. 
     The temperature coefficient (ratio of change of the resistivity with respect to the temperature change) of the resistor element R 0  may be equal to or different from the resistance heating element  2 . Note that, in a case where a portion of the resistance heating element  2  is configured as the resistor element R 0 , naturally the temperature coefficients of the two are equal. 
     The resistor elements R 5 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 12  are for voltage division. Further, there is no problem even if they are grasped as portions of the LPFs  131  to  134 . The resistance values of the resistor elements R 5 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 12 , and LPFs  131  to  134  etc. are set larger in comparison with the resistance value of the resistance heating element  2 . For example, the resistance value of each of the resistor elements R 5 , R 7 , R 9 , and R 12  is not less than 1000 times the resistance value of the entire resistance heating element  2 . By setting the resistance values in this way, for example, the voltage drop of the resistance heating element  2  occurring due to the connection of the temperature measurement part  130  to the resistance heating element  2  is reduced. That is, the influence of the temperature measurement exerted upon the heating by the resistance heating element  2  is made smaller. 
     The LPFs  131  to  135  remove the high frequency component (noise component) from the voltage signal from the resistance heating element  2 . The configuration thereof may be made the same as those of various known ones. For example, the LPFs  131  to  135  are configured including capacitors having single electrodes connected between the resistance heating element  2  and the measurement-use amplifiers  141  to  145  and having the other electrodes grounded. The passbands of the LPFs  131  to  135  may be suitably set so as to permit passing of signals having frequencies not more than the frequency of the additional power (the power having a relatively higher frequency between the main power and the additional power). 
     The measurement-use amplifiers  141  to  145  amplify the voltage signals output from the LPFs  131  to  135  and output the results to the temperature measurement control part  150 . The configurations thereof may be made the same as those of the various known ones. The measurement-use amplifiers  141  to  145  may be suitably supplied with DC power or AC power from a not shown power supply circuit or the like. 
     The measurement-use amplifier  141  and the LPF  131  are connected to the first branched power supply part D 1  and the second main power supply part Pb and detect a voltage V 1  between these two power supply parts (voltage in R 0  and R 1 ). The measurement-use amplifier  142  and the LPF  132  are connected to the second branched power supply part D 2  and the second main power supply part Pb and detect a voltage V 2  between these two power supply parts (voltage in R 0  to R 2 ). The measurement-use amplifier  143  and the LPF  133  are connected to the third branched power supply part D 3  and the second main power supply part Pb and detect a voltage V 3  between these two power supply parts (voltage in R 0  to R 3 ). The measurement-use amplifier  144  and the LPF  134  are connected to the first main power supply part Pa and the second main power supply part Pb and  145  and detect a voltage V 4  between these two power supply parts (voltage in R 0  to R 4 ). The measurement-use amplifier  145  and the LPF  135  are connected between the resistor element R 0  and the first divided region R 1  and are connected to the second main power supply part Pb and detect a voltage Ki in the resistor element R 0 . 
     The information (signals including the information) of the detected voltages Ki and V 1  to V 4  is input to the temperature measurement control part  150 . 
     (Temperature Measurement Control Part) 
     The temperature measurement control part  150 , based on the information of the voltages Ki and V 1  to V 4  input from the temperature measurement part  130 , identifies the mean temperature of the entire resistance heating element  2  and the temperature in each of the plurality of divided regions Rn. Further, the temperature measurement control part  150  inputs the information of the mean temperature (temperature t 0  which will be explained later) of the entire resistance heating element  2  to the main control part  101  and inputs the temperatures (temperatures t 1  to t 4  which will be explained later) of the plurality of divided regions Rn to the additional control part  110  (branched control parts  111  to  114 ). 
     The temperature measurement control part  150  for example performs the following computation and specifies the temperature of the resistance heating element  2  based on the information of the voltages Ki and V 1  to V 4 . 
     The resistance value of the resistor element R 0  is defined as r 0  [Ω]. At this time, the current I flowing in the resistor element R 0  is represented by the following equation:
 
 I=Ki/r 0  (1)
 
     Here, the resistor element R 0  is connected in series with respect to the resistance heating element  2 , therefore the current I can be grasped as the current which flows through the entire resistance heating element  2  according to the main power supplied by the main control part  101 . Note that, in the above equation, the influence of r 0  of the temperature change is regarded as a relatively small one and is ignored. 
     It is assumed that the resistance values at the predetermined reference temperature of the resistor elements R 0  and the first divided region R 1  to the fourth divided region R 4  are r 0  to r 4  [Ω], the temperature coefficient of the resistor element R 0  and the resistance heating element  2  is α [1/° C.], and the mean temperature of the entire resistance heating element  2  is to. Here, for simplification of the explanation, the temperature change of the temperature coefficient α is not considered. Further, it is assumed that the reference temperature described above (the temperature at the time when the resistance values of R 0  to R 4  are r 0  to r 4 ) is 0 [° C.]. Note that, the temperature coefficient α is for example 0.004. At this time, the voltage V 4  in R 0  to R 4  considering the influence of the temperature is represented by the following equation: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       
                         
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     From the above Equation (2), the following equation is derived:
 
 t 0=(( V 4/(( Ki/r 0)·( r 0+ r 1+ r 2+ r 3+ r 4)))−1)/α  (3)
 
     Accordingly, the temperature measurement control part  150  can calculate the mean temperature t 0  of the entire resistance heating element  2  by entering the values of r 0  to r 4  and a which are held in advance and the voltages Ki and V 4  input from the temperature measurement part  130  into Equation (3). 
     Under the same assumption as (2) described above, if the temperature of the first divided region R 1  is t 1 , the voltage V 1  in R 0  and R 1  considering the influence of the temperature is represented by the following equation: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       
                         
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     From Equation (4) described above, the following equation is derived:
 
 t 1=(( V 1/(( Ki/r 0)· r 0+ r 1)))−1)/α  (5)
 
     Accordingly, the temperature measurement control part  150  can calculate the temperature t 1  of the first divided region R 1  by entering the values of r 0 , r 1 , and a which are held in advance and the voltages Ki and V 1  input from the temperature measurement part  130  into Equation (5). 
     In the second divided region R 2  to the fourth divided region R 4  as well, in the same way as the first divided region R 1 , the current I according to the main power flows, and the voltages in the divided regions are determined according to the current I and the resistance values r 2  to r 4 . Accordingly, Equation (5) can be utilized as the equation for specifying the temperatures t 2  to t 4  in the second divided regions R 2  to the fourth divided region R 4 . 
     Specifically, the voltage of the second divided region R 2  is V 2 −V 1 . Therefore, in Equation (5), by replacing “V 1 ” with “V 2 −V 1 ” and replacing “r 1 ” with “r 2 ”, an equation for calculating the temperature t 2  of the second divided region R 2  is obtained. The voltage of the third divided region R 3  is V 3 −V 2 . Therefore, in Equation (5), by replacing “V 1 ” with “V 3 −V 2 ” and replacing “r 1 ” with “r 3 ”, an equation for calculating the temperature t 3  of the third divided region R 3  is obtained. The voltage of the fourth divided region R 4  is V 4 −V 3 . Therefore, in Equation (5), by replacing “V 1 ” with “V 4 −V 3 ” and replacing “r 1 ” with “r 4 ”, an equation for calculating the temperature t 4  of the fourth divided region R 4  is obtained. 
     Note that, in the above description, for simplification of the explanation, the temperature change of the temperature coefficient α was ignored and the reference temperature was determined to 0° C. Further, they may be considered as well. Further, in the above explanation, concerning the resistor element R 0 , the temperature change thereof was ignored, the temperature thereof was regarded to be equal to the temperature of the resistance heating element  2 , the voltage in the resistor element R 0  was suitably ignored, and the found temperature was regarded as the temperature of the entire resistance heating element  2  or of each divided region Rn. This is because the resistance value of the resistor element R 0  is extremely small in comparison with the resistance value of the resistance heating element  2  as already explained. However, the influence of the resistor element R 0  may be added as well. For example, a suitable correction coefficient may be multiplied or a positive or negative correction constant may be added as well. 
     (Method of Manufacturing Ceramic Heater) 
     The method of manufacturing the ceramic heater  10  is for example as follows. 
     First, ceramic green sheets which become the first ceramic layer  1   a  to third ceramic layer  1   c  are prepared. The green sheets for example may be formed by forming a slurry in a sheet shape by a doctor blade method or may be formed by spraying a slurry according to a spray drying method to form granules and utilizing a roll compaction method. The green sheets are formed to substantially constant thicknesses. The slurry is for example prepared by preparing raw materials of the principal ingredients so that aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, or silicon carbide becomes the principal ingredient, adding predetermined amounts of a sintering assistant, binder, solvent, dispersant, or the like to them and then mixing. 
     Next, the green sheets are processed by laser and/or punched using a die so as to obtain a desired shape. At this time, for example, holes in which the connection conductors  3  and terminals  5  are arranged are formed. 
     Next, a metal paste which becomes the resistance heating element  2 , connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , terminals  5 , and other conductors is arranged on the green sheets by screen printing or another suitable method. For example, the upper surface of the green sheet which becomes the second ceramic layer  1   b  (may be the lower surface of the green sheet which becomes the first ceramic layer  1   a  as well) is covered by a metal paste which becomes the resistance heating element  2 . The upper surface of the green sheet which becomes the third ceramic layer  1   c  (may be the lower surface of the green sheet which becomes the second ceramic layer  1   b  as well) is covered by a metal paste which becomes the wirings  4 . A metal paste which becomes the connection conductors  3  is filled in the holes formed in the green sheet which becomes the second ceramic layer  1   b . A metal paste which becomes the terminals  5  is filled in the holes formed in the green sheet which becomes the third ceramic layer  1   c.    
     Next, the green sheets are stacked to prepare a layered body of the green sheets. Note that, as the bonding material used when stacking the sheets, use may be made of the slurry explained above. 
     Further, the layered body of green sheets is sintered matching with the sintering conditions of the principal ingredients. Due to this, a sintered body (ceramic substrate  1 ) provided with the resistance heating element  2 , connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  in the internal portion can be obtained. 
     Note that, it is also possible to prepare a plasma treatment-use table or electrostatic chuck by sandwiching a metallic paste, metal plate, or metal mesh which becomes the plasma treatment-use electrode or electrostatic chuck-use electrode other than the resistance heating element  2 , connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  at the time of stacking. 
     As described above, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the heater system  100  has the ceramic heater  10  and the drive device  50 . The ceramic heater  10  has the ceramic substrate  1  and the resistance heating element  2 . The ceramic substrate  1  has the upper surface  10   c . The resistance heating element  2  extends in the internal portion or on the surface of the ceramic substrate  1  (internal portion in the present non-limiting embodiment) along the upper surface  10   c . The drive device  50  has the main driving part  51  which supplies the main power to the entirety of the resistance heating element  2  and the additional driving part  52  which supplies additional power to a portion of the resistance heating element  2  constituted by the divided region Rn by superimposing it on the main power. 
     Accordingly, for example, main heating can be carried out according to the main power, while the temperature control of the divided region Rn can be carried out corresponding to the individual circumstance of the divided region Rn. As a result, for example, the temperature of the heater body  10   a  can be made uniform by raising the temperature of the divided region Rn in which the temperature is hard to rise. Conversely, it is also possible to realize a desired temperature gradient. Further, for example, the necessity of providing the power supply circuit for supplying a large power for each divided region Rn can be reduced in comparison with such an aspect of individually supplying power with respect to the plurality of divided regions Rn without using the main power. As a result, for example, reduction of size or reduction of cost is expected. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the additional driving part  52  supplies the additional power to each of the plurality of divided regions Rn obtained by dividing the resistance heating element  2  into a plurality of regions and individually controls the additional power to the plurality of divided regions Rn. 
     Accordingly, for example, the main heating is carried out according to the main power while the temperature control in accordance with the individual circumstances explained above can be carried out over the entire resistance heating element  2 . As a result, for example, homogenization of the temperature or realization of the desired temperature gradient is further facilitated. Further, for example, unlike the present non-limiting embodiment, in a case where a plurality of resistance heating elements are provided with respect to one ceramic substrate and the power is individually supplied to the plurality of resistance heating elements, the power must be supplied to the two ends of each resistance heating element, therefore the number of the power supply parts becomes twice the number of the resistance heating elements. In the present non-limiting embodiment, however, the number of the power supply parts may be n+1 where the number of the plurality of divided regions Rn is n (&gt;2). That is, the number of power supply parts can be decreased. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the main power is the DC power and the additional power is the AC power, or the main power is the AC power and the additional power is the AC power having a higher frequency than the main power. 
     In this case, for example, the main power and the additional power do not have the same frequency, therefore liability of synchronization of the two is reduced and consequently superimposition of the powers is reliably achieved. Further, in comparison with an aspect where the frequency of the main power is relatively higher (this aspect is included in the art according to the present disclosure), the liability of generation of high-frequency noise by the main power is reduced. As a result, for example, it becomes easier to utilize the ceramic heater  10  in a system using a high-frequency voltage such as a plasma treatment system or becomes easier to use a larger power than the additional power as the main power. Further, the DC power is lower in instantaneous voltage in comparison with the AC power of an equivalent effective voltage. By using such DC power as the main power for performing main heating, the service life of the ceramic heater  10  as a whole becomes longer. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the drive device  50  has the capacitor C which is connected in series between the additional driving part  52  and the divided region Rn. 
     Accordingly, for example, as already explained, the liability of the main current of the DC current or the AC current having a relatively lower frequency ending up flowing to the additional driving part  52  side is reduced, while the additional current of the AC current having a relatively higher frequency can be made flow to the resistance heating element  2 . As a result, for example, useless consumption of power can be reduced, so the running costs can be reduced. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the additional driving part  52  supplies additional power while controlling the voltage of the AC power of the additional power corresponding to the temperature of the ceramic heater  10 . The drive device  50  further has the isolation transformer T which transfers the additional power supplied from the additional driving part  52  to the divided region Rn with the constant transformation ratio regardless of the temperature of the ceramic heater  10 . 
     Accordingly, for example, as already explained, where a component (noise) having a frequency higher than the frequency of the AC power is included in the additional power, the liability of flow of the component to the resistance heating element  2  can be reduced. As a result, for example utilization of the ceramic heater  10  in a system using a high-frequency voltage such as a plasma treatment system is facilitated. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the main driving part  51  controls the main power based on the change of the resistance value of the entire resistance heating element  2 . 
     That is, the resistance heating element  2  is used also for temperature detection. Accordingly, for example, it becomes unnecessary to provide the temperature sensor separately from the resistance heating element  2 , therefore the configuration of the ceramic heater  10  can be simplified and reduced in size. Further, for example, the pair of main power supply parts P for supplying the power to the resistance heating element  2  can be used also as the portion for detecting the change of the resistance value of the resistance heating element  2 . As a result, for example, the configurations concerned with the connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and/or terminals  5  can be simplified and reduced in size. Note that, an aspect providing the temperature sensor separately from the resistance heating element  2  is included in the art according to the present disclosure. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the additional driving part  52  controls the additional power based on the change of the resistance value in the divided region Rn of the resistance heating element  2 . 
     Accordingly, for example, in the same way as the above description, by using the resistance heating element  2  also for temperature detection, it becomes unnecessary to separately provide the temperature sensor. Further, the connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and/or the terminals  5  can also be used for temperature detection. Therefore the configuration of the ceramic heater  10  can be simplified and reduced in size. Note that, an aspect providing the temperature sensor detecting the temperature concerned with each divided region Rn separately from the resistance heating element  2  is included in the art according to the present disclosure. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, at least one (D 1  and D 3  in the present non-limiting embodiment) among the plurality of power supply parts (P and D) of the two ends of the resistance heating element  2  and the ends of the divided regions Rn are positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d  which is a portion on the center side of the ceramic substrate  1  in a planar view of the upper surface  10   c . Further, the ceramic heater  10  is provided with the plurality of terminals  5 , the connection conductor  3 , and the wiring  4 . The plurality of terminals  5  are electrically connected to the plurality of power supply parts (P and D), are exposed to the outside of the ceramic substrate  1  to the side opposite to the upper surface  10   c , and are positioned in the terminal arrangement region  10   d  in a planar view of the upper surface  10   c . The connection conductors  3  project from the power supply parts (D 1  and D 3 ) positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d  among the plurality of power supply parts to the side opposite to the upper surface  10   c . The wirings  4  extend from the connection conductors  3  to the inside of the terminal arrangement region  10   d  on the side opposite to the upper surface  10   c  with respect to the resistance heating element  2  in the internal portion or on the surface of the ceramic substrate  1  (the internal portion in the present non-limiting embodiment) and is connected to any of the plurality of terminals  5 . 
     Accordingly, for example, as already explained, it becomes possible to connect any position (power supply part) of the resistance heating element  2  and a terminal  5  arranged at any position. As a result, for example, when hierarchical wiring as in the present non-limiting embodiment is not provided, in order to position the terminals  5  in the terminal arrangement region  10   d , the route of the resistance heating element  2  must be controlled to a suitable one so that the power supply parts are positioned in the terminal arrangement region  10   d . In the present non-limiting embodiment, however, such a necessity is reduced. Further, for example, the terminals  5  are positioned in the terminal arrangement region  10   d , while the branched power supply parts D can be set at any positions in the resistance heating element  2 . As a result, for example, setting of the lengths of the divided regions Rn to suitable lengths is facilitated. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the wiring  4  extends parallel to the upper surface  10   c.    
     Accordingly, for example, the influence of the current flowing through the wiring  4  exerted upon the resistance heating element  2  easily becomes equivalent between the center side and the outside when viewed on a plane. As a result, for example, liability of local generation of an unintended temperature gradient is reduced. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the area of the lateral cross-section of the wiring  4  is larger than the area of the lateral cross-section of the resistance heating element  2 . 
     Accordingly, for example, the amount of heat generated in the wiring  4  can be reduced. As a result, for example, wasted consumption of power can be reduced, and control of the temperature of the resistance heating element  2  or upper surface  10   c  can be highly precisely carried out. 
     Further, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the connection conductor  3  connecting one power supply part (D 1  or D 3  in the present non-limiting embodiment) and one wiring  4  include a plurality of divided conductors  3   a  which are connected in parallel between the one power supply part (D 1  or D 3 ) and the one wiring  4  so that they are positioned along the route of the resistance heating element  2 . 
     Accordingly, for example, the liability of short-circuiting between the power supply part and a portion other than the power supply part in the resistance heating element  2  is reduced, while it becomes easier to secure the conduction area between the resistance heating element  2  and the wiring  4 . For example, in the aspect of simply making the diameter of the connection conductors  3  larger (this aspect is included in the art according to the present disclosure), the conduction area can be made larger, but there is liability of short-circuiting between the power supply part and a portion other than the power supply part in the resistance heating element  2 . However, in the present non-limiting embodiment, such a liability is reduced. Further, from another viewpoint, the conduction area can be secured by using a conventionally known via conductor which is substantially circular-shaped in the direction perpendicular to the penetration direction. 
     Further, from another viewpoint, in the present non-limiting embodiment, the ceramic heater  10  is provided with the ceramic substrate  1 , resistance heating element  2 , and “n” (“n” is a natural number of 3 or more) electrodes (for example power supply parts P and D) from first to n-th electrodes which supply the power to the resistance heating element  2 . The first electrode and the n-th electrode are electrodes between which the main power is supplied. In the resistance heating element  2 , two adjoining electrodes are the electrodes between which additional power is supplied. 
     Accordingly, for example, the main heating is carried out by the main power, while temperature control corresponding to the individual circumstances of the plurality of divided regions Rn can be carried out. As a result, for example, the temperature of the heater body  10   a  can be made uniform. Further, for example, the necessity of providing a power supply circuit for supplying a large power for each divided region Rn can be reduced. Further, for example, it is not necessary to provide many electrodes as in the case where a plurality of resistance heating elements are provided. 
     Note that, in the above non-limiting embodiment, the upper surface  10   c  is one example of the predetermined surface. The entirety of the resistance heating element  2  is one example of the first region. Each of the plurality of divided regions Rn is one example of a second region. The power supply parts (P and D) are examples of the electrodes. The main power is one example of the first power. The additional power is one example of the second power. 
     Second Non-Limiting Embodiment 
     (Route of Resistance Heating Element and Positions of Power Supply Parts) 
       FIG. 8A  is a bottom surface view showing a heater body  210   a  of a ceramic heater  210  according to a second non-limiting embodiment or a perspective view seen from the bottom surface side. In this view, outer edges of the heater body  210   a  and power supply parts (Pa, Pb, and D 1  to D 3 ) are shown. 
     Further,  FIG. 8B  is a view showing the route of the resistance heating element  2  in the ceramic heater  210 . This view shows the range of a portion in a planar view of the ceramic heater  210 . Further, this view corresponds to  FIG. 3  of the first non-limiting embodiment concerning the position in the thickness direction of the ceramic heater  210 . 
     The second non-limiting embodiment differs from the first non-limiting embodiment only in the route of the resistance heating element and the positions of the power supply parts (P and D). Further, along with the difference of the positions of the power supply parts, the positions of the connection conductors  3  and wirings  4  etc. are also different from those in the first non-limiting embodiment. The configurations other than these (including the drive device  50 ) may be the same as the first non-limiting embodiment. 
     Specifically, in the present non-limiting embodiment, when viewed on a plane, the resistance heating element  2  is given a substantially spiral pattern. That is, the resistance heating element  2  extends so as to circle from the inner circumference to the outer circumference with an offset. Note that, the distance between one circle and the next circle may be equal between the inner circumferential side and the outer circumferential side or may be different. Further, the distance between one circle and the next circle may be constant in the circumferential direction or may change as well. The deviation of the position from the inner circumference to the outer circumference may gradually occur during one circle in each circle or may occur accompanied by steps at a specific position after one circle with a constant radius in each circle. 
     Note that, the resistance heating element  2  may simply circle as illustrated or may circle while moving back and forth unlike the illustration (so as to meander). 
     The first power supply part Pa of one end of the resistance heating element  2  is for example positioned at substantially the center of the ceramic substrate  1 , and the second main power supply part Pb of the other end of the resistance heating element  2  is for example adjacent to the outer edge of the ceramic substrate  1 . The first branched power supply part D 1  to the third branched power supply part D 3  may be provided at suitable midway positions of the resistance heating element  2 . For example, the first branched power supply part D 1  to the third branched power supply part D 3  may be provided so as to equally divide the resistance heating element  2  (divide it to four equal parts in the example shown). Further, the first branched power supply part D 1  to the third branched power supply part D 3  for example may be provided non-uniformly by considering a temperature distribution which is apt to be generated in the ceramic heater  10 . 
     (Configuration for Supplying Power) 
     In the ceramic heater  10 , the configuration for supplying power to the power supply parts (P and D) may be suitably determined. For example, in the following way, the same connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  as those in the first non-limiting embodiment may be provided as well. 
       FIG. 9A  is a perspective view showing the positions of the wirings  4  in  FIG. 8A .  FIG. 9B  is a cross-sectional view taken along the IXb-IXb line in  FIG. 9A . 
     The terminals  5  connected to the plurality of power supply parts (P and D) are positioned in a terminal arrangement region defined by a pipe  210   b . On the other hand, among the plurality of power supply parts, the first power supply part Pa is positioned in the terminal arrangement region, but the other power supply parts (Pb, D 1  to D 3 ) are positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region. 
     Further, the power supply parts (Pb, D 1  to D 3 ) positioned outside of the terminal arrangement region are connected to the terminals  5  by the connection conductors  3  and wirings  4 . The first power supply part Pa positioned in the terminal arrangement region is directly connected to the terminal  5 . Note that, in the same way as the first non-limiting embodiment, the connection conductors  3  may be configured by a plurality of divided conductors  3   a  ( FIG. 5 ), and the first power supply part Pa which was directly connected to the terminal  5  may be connected to the terminal  5  by the connection conductor  3  etc. 
     In the above non-limiting embodiment as well, the heater system has the main driving part  51  which supplies the main power to the resistance heating element  2  and the additional driving part  52  which supplies additional power to the divided region Rn which is a portion of the resistance heating element  2  by superimposing it on the main power. Further, from another viewpoint, the ceramic heater  10  is provided with the ceramic substrate  1 , resistance heating element  2 , and “n” (“n” is a natural number of 3 or more) electrodes (for example power supply parts P and D) from first to n-th electrodes which supply power to the resistance heating element  2 . The first electrode and the n-th electrode are the electrodes between which the main power is supplied. In the resistance heating element  2 , two adjoining electrodes are electrodes between which the additional power is supplied. 
     Accordingly, the same effects as those by the first non-limiting embodiment are exhibited. For example, the main heating can be carried out by the main power, while temperature control corresponding to the individual circumstances of the plurality of divided regions Rn can be carried out. 
     &lt;Other Aspects of the Disclosure&gt; 
       FIG. 10A  to  FIG. 10D  are schematic views showing various non-limiting aspects of the disclosure. Specifically,  FIG. 10A  to  FIG. 10C  are cross-sectional views corresponding to  FIG. 4 .  FIG. 10D  is a schematic circuit diagram of the heater system. Note that, in  FIG. 10A  to  FIG. 10C , as the route of the resistance heating element  2 , the one in the first non-limiting embodiment is shown. However, these non-limiting aspects of the disclosure may be applied to the second non-limiting embodiment as well. 
     Like in a ceramic heater  310  shown in  FIG. 10A , the resistance heating element  2  may be positioned not inside a ceramic substrate  301 , but on the surface (lower surface) of the ceramic substrate  301  as well. From another viewpoint, the ceramic substrate  301  may be configured by only (the ceramic layer corresponding to) the first ceramic layer  1   a  in the first non-limiting embodiment. 
     Further, from another viewpoint, as in the ceramic heater  310 , the connection conductors  3 , wirings  4 , and terminals  5  (terminals  5  are via conductors from another viewpoint) shown in the first non-limiting embodiment need not be provided, but the power supply parts (P and D) may function as the terminals. Further, as understood from this non-limiting aspect of the disclosure, the terminals need not be positioned on the center side of the ceramic heater when viewed on a plane or the pipe  10   b  need not be provided either. 
     Note that, although not particularly shown, on the lower surface of the ceramic heater  310 , an insulation layer made of a material (for example a resin having a relatively high heat resistance) different from a ceramic may be provided so as to cover the resistance heating element  2  while leaving the power supply parts exposed as well. In other words, the resistance heating element  2  need not be buried in the ceramic substrate  301 , but may be buried in an insulation base body configured by the ceramic substrate  301  and a not shown insulation layer as well. 
     As in the ceramic heater  410  shown in  FIG. 10B , even though the resistance heating element  2  is buried in a ceramic substrate  401 , in the same way as  FIG. 10A , the power supply parts (P and D) may function as the terminals as well. From another viewpoint, the ceramic substrate  401  may be configured by only (the ceramic layers corresponding to) the first ceramic layer  1   a  and second ceramic layer  1   b  in the first non-limiting embodiment. The power supply parts acting also as the terminals are exposed from the lower surface of the ceramic substrate  401  to the outside of the ceramic substrate  401  by formation of holes  401   h  for leaving the power supply parts exposed in the second ceramic layer  1   b.    
     Note that, although not particularly shown, the terminals  5  (via conductors from another viewpoint) may be arranged in the internal portions of the holes  401   h  as well. 
     Like in the ceramic heater  510  shown in  FIG. 10C , the wirings  4  need not be positioned in the internal portion of the ceramic substrate  501 , but may be positioned on the surface (lower surface) of the ceramic substrate  501  as well. From another viewpoint, the ceramic substrate  501  may be configured only by (the ceramic layers corresponding to) the first ceramic layer  1   a  and second ceramic layer  1   b  in the first non-limiting embodiment as well. 
     Further, from another viewpoint, as shown in  FIG. 10C , the end parts of the wirings  4  may function as the terminals  5  as well. Note that, the portion other than the parts functioning as the terminals  5  may be defined as the wirings  4  as well. In  FIG. 10C , an insulation layer (for example solder resist)  507  which leaves the parts in the wirings  4  which become the terminals  5  exposed while covers the wirings  4  is provided. However, such an insulation layer  507  is not an essential one. 
     Although not particularly shown, in the same way as the insulation layer  507  leaving a portion of the wiring  4  exposed, in the first non-limiting embodiment, the third ceramic layer  1   c  may leave portions of the wiring  4  exposed and the exposed portions may function as the terminals  5  as well. 
     As shown in  FIG. 10D , the additional driving part  52  does not have to supply additional power to all of the plurality of divided regions Rn which are obtained by dividing the resistance heating element  2 , but may supply the additional power with respect to only a portion of the plurality of divided regions Rn (one or two or more and a number which is not all) as well. In the example shown, the additional power is supplied to only one of the two divided regions Rn. 
     In this case, for example, in comparison with the case where the additional power is supplied to all of the plurality of divided regions Rn, the configuration of the additional driving part  52  is simplified. Further, for example, additional power is superimposed on the main power only in the region where the temperature is hard to rise in the ceramic heater to thereby make the temperature uniform. 
     Although not particularly shown, it is also possible to make the number of the powers to be superimposed different according to the divided region. For example, the first additional power is superimposed with respect to the main power in the first divided region R 1  and second divided region R 2 , and the second additional power is further superimposed in the second divided region R 2 . 
     Examples of Application 
       FIG. 11A  is a view showing an example of application to which the heater system in the present disclosure is applied.  FIG. 11A  shows a situation providing a ceramic heater  30  according to the present disclosure in a chamber  25  of a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. On the upper surface of the ceramic heater  30 , a wafer  40  as a heated object is placed. 
       FIG. 11B  is a schematic view showing the configuration of the ceramic heater  30 . The ceramic heater  30 , for example, is given the same configuration as any of the ceramic heaters according to various non-limiting embodiments or aspects of the disclosure explained above or given a configuration obtained by adding an electrode  12  etc. to the same configuration. 
     The electrode  12  is for example a plasma treatment-use electrode (for example RF (radio frequency) electrode). In this case, a system including the ceramic heater  30 , drive device  50 , not shown drive device which applies voltage to the plasma treatment-use electrode, etc. configures the plasma treatment system. 
     Further, the electrode  12  is for example an electrostatic chuck-use electrode. In this case, the ceramic heater  30  configures the electrostatic chuck. Further, a system including the ceramic heater  30 , drive device  50 , and a not shown drive device which applies voltage to the electrostatic chuck-use electrode configures the adsorption system. 
     Further, the ceramic heater  30  may be applied to a hot press heater utilized in a CVD process in manufacture of a semiconductor as well. 
     The art according to the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and aspects of the disclosure etc. and may be worked in various ways. 
     For example, the wiring  4  need not be parallel with respect to the resistance heating element  2  either. The ceramic heater having such a configuration for example can be manufactured by preparing a sintered body (ceramic substrate  1 ) by a hot press method and burying wires which becomes the wirings  4  at that time. 
     The connection conductor  3  is not limited to one configured by a plurality of divided conductors  3   a  and may be configured by one via conductor as well. The capacitor C or isolation transformer T need not be provided either. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       1  . . . ceramic substrate,  2  . . . resistance heating element,  10  . . . ceramic heater,  10   c  . . . upper surface (predetermined surface),  50  . . . drive device,  51  . . . main driving part, and  52  . . . additional driving part.