Patent Publication Number: US-2021161757-A1

Title: Devices exploiting fluidic systems and actuators

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application claims priority to PCT International Application No. PCT/CA2018/000168 filed on Sep. 7, 2018, which relates to and claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/555,158 filed on Sep. 7, 2017, the entirety of the disclosures of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference 
    
    
     STATEMENT RE: FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH/DEVELOPMENT 
     Not Applicable 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to devices exploiting fluidic control in conjunction with vibratory and non-vibratory function and movement. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Within the prior art fluidics has been primarily implemented at either opposite ends of the dimensional spectrum with microfluidic devices and macrofluidic devices. Microfluidic devices typically exploit capillary action to generate fluidic flow for manipulating biological samples etc. exploiting micrometer sized channel structures. Macrofluidic devices exploit a variety of pumps for a wide range of systems such as hydraulic systems, compressed air etc. where dimensions of the fluidic structures range from a centimeter or so in diameter upwards. Within these systems valves, pumps, etc. tend to be mains powered. 
     However, the application of fluidic systems to a variety of consumer devices would typically exploit fluidic structures of a few millimeters to a centimeter where power consumption, portability, batter operation etc. become significant factors in the design and implementation of these fluidic systems. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide pumps, valves, and actuators that allow for high efficiency, high power to size ratio, low cost, limited or single moving part(s) etc. This regimen of fluidics between the micro and macro scales has been largely bypassed. As a result, the inventor has established a range of fluidic device structures for electromagnetically driven high efficiency pumps, valves, switches, capacitors etc. enabling a range of fluidic based consumer devices to be designed and implemented. As a result of developments with such actuators, fluidic systems and devices the inventor has established both new additional designs and design features to enable fluidic devices to meet user expectations for functionality, variability, cost, etc. but also lifetime, reliability, manufacturability etc. 
     Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art upon review of the following description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying figures. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to mitigate limitations within the prior art relating to devices exploiting fluidic control in conjunction with vibratory and non-vibratory function and movement. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a fluidic motor coupled to a reservoir for pumping a fluid from a negative side to a positive side; 
     at least one fluidic actuator of a plurality of fluidic actuators coupled via a first valve to the positive side of the fluidic motor and via a second valve to the negative side of the fluidic motor; 
     a scaffold providing a mechanical structure at least one of housing the fluidic motor and attached to the fluidic motor; and 
     a casing surrounding forming an exterior surface of device for sexual stimulation; wherein 
     the exterior surface of the scaffold disposed towards the casing comprising one or more surface structures fluidically coupled to the negative side of the fluidic pump such that any fluid leaking into the region between the scaffold and the spacing is coupled back to the reservoir. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a scaffold providing a mechanical structure comprising a plurality of sections manufactured separately to one another and assembled to form the scaffold; wherein 
     the plurality of sections combine to define a plurality of fluidic channels within the scaffold; and 
     each fluidic channel of the plurality of fluidic channels has at least one inlet port at first end of the scaffold, at least one outlet port on the scaffold, and covers a predetermined portion of the cross-section of the scaffold. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     an electromagnetic pump for pumping fluid either from a reservoir to one or more actuators within the device or to a reservoir from one or more actuators; wherein 
     the reservoir is defined by a region around the electromagnetic pump and a scaffold such that a first predetermined portion of a compliant casing disposed over the scaffold is supported by the scaffold under operation of the electromagnetic pump and a second predetermined portion of the compliant casing can deform at least one of above and below the surface defined by the scaffold under the operation of the electromagnetic pump. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a plurality of electromagnetically driven valves disposed within a body comprising: 
     a piston; 
     a bobbin within which the piston slides and around which one or more electromagnetic coils for driving the electromagnetically driven valve are disposed; 
     a first compliant gasket disposed at one end of the bobbin comprising a pair of openings to form a first valve of the valve pair such that when the piston is disposed adjacent the first compliant gasket the first valve is closed and open when the piston is not disposed adjacent the first compliant gasket; 
     a first manifold disposed adjacent the first compliant gasket of each electromagnetically driven valve of the plurality of electromagnetically driven valves comprising inlets coupled to a first opening of the pair of openings and outlets coupled to a second opening of the pair of openings; 
     the inlets of the first manifold are coupled to one side of an electromagnetically driven pump; and 
     the outlets of the first manifold are each coupled to a fluidic channel forming a predetermined portion of the device. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a first plurality of electromagnetically driven valves disposed within a body comprising: 
     a piston; 
     a bobbin within which the piston slides and around which one or more electromagnetic coils for driving the electromagnetically driven valve are disposed; 
     a first compliant gasket disposed at one end of the bobbin comprising a pair of openings to form a first valve of the valve pair such that when the piston is disposed adjacent the first compliant gasket the first valve is closed and open when the piston is not disposed adjacent the first compliant gasket; 
     a first fluidic reservoir receiving fluid from one side of an electromagnetically driven pump coupled to a first opening of the pair of openings of each electromagnetically driven valve of the plurality of electromagnetically driven valves; 
     a plurality of actuators each coupled to a second opening of the pair of openings of each electromagnetically driven valve of a predetermined subset of the plurality of electromagnetically driven valves. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a scaffold providing a resilient mechanical structure comprising a plurality of sections that define a plurality of fluidic channels within the scaffold; and 
     each fluidic channel of the plurality of fluidic channels has at least one inlet port at first end of the scaffold, at least one outlet port on the scaffold, and covers a predetermined portion of the cross-section of the scaffold. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a central body comprising at least a tube for coupling a fluid from an input port of the central body which is coupled to an external fluidic circuit to one or more output ports within the central body; 
     an outer shell disposed around the central body formed from a first predetermined material having a first predetermined Young&#39;s modulus and having a first dimension along a predetermined axis of the central body; 
     a plurality of elements, each element disposed at a predetermined location within the outer shell, formed from a second predetermined material having a second predetermined Young&#39;s modulus, and having a second dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body larger than the first dimension; wherein 
     absent fluid between the outer shell and the central body the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body equal to the first dimension; and 
     for fluid pressures below a first predetermined volume the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body between the first dimension and the second dimension; and 
     for fluid pressures above the first predetermined volume the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body equal to the second dimension. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     a central body comprising at least a tube for coupling a fluid from an input port of the central body which is coupled to an external fluidic circuit to one or more output ports within the central body; 
     an outer shell disposed around the central body formed from a first predetermined material having a first predetermined Young&#39;s modulus and having a first dimension along a predetermined axis of the central body; 
     a plurality of elements, each element disposed at a predetermined location within the outer shell, formed from a second predetermined material having a second predetermined Young&#39;s modulus, and having a second dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body larger than the first dimension; wherein 
     absent fluid between the outer shell and the central body the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body equal to the first dimension; and 
     for fluid pressures below a first predetermined volume the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body between the first dimension and the second dimension and each element has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body equal to the second dimension; 
     for fluid pressures between the first predetermined volume and a second predetermined volume the outer shell has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body greater than the second dimension and each element has a dimension along the predetermined axis of the central body greater than to the second dimension; and 
     for fluid pressures above the second predetermined volume the outer shell has a constant dimension established in dependence upon the second dimension, the second Young&#39;s modulus, and a force applied by the fluid against the outer shell. 
     In accordance with an embodiment of the invention there is provided a device comprising: 
     an electromagnetic pump for pumping fluid within a fluidic circuit either to or from a first actuator and from or to a second actuator; 
     the first actuator having a first predetermined maximum volume; and 
     the second actuator having a second predetermined maximum volume; wherein 
     the volume of the fluidic circuit comprising the electromagnetic pump, first actuator and second actuator is less than the sum of the first predetermined maximum volume and the second predetermined maximum volume. 
     Other aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent to those ordinarily skilled in the art upon review of the following description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying figures. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the attached Figures, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  depicts a fluidic device (FLUDEV) according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation; 
         FIG. 2  depicts the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation with the external casing removed; 
         FIG. 3  depicts the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation without the external casing removed; 
         FIG. 4  depicts the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation with the external casing and scaffold/shell removed; 
         FIG. 5  depicts a portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  depicting the combination of scaffold/shell on either side of a linear electromagnetic pump (EL-PUMP) to provide actuator and fluidic capacitor elements concurrently with the external casing removed; 
         FIG. 6  depicts a cross-section of a portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  depicting the combination of scaffold/shell on either side of a linear EL-PUMP to provide actuator and fluidic capacitor elements concurrently in conjunction with the external casing together with a cross-section of the EL-PUMP; 
         FIG. 7  depicts a dilatory tip for a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 8  depicts an expansion drive G-spot actuator for a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 9  depicts radial dilatory actuators for a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIGS. 10A to 12  depict a fluidic manifold and actuator balloon interfaces for the vaginal portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 13  depicts a 6-piston actuator array for coupling to the fluidic manifold of the vaginal portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 14A to 14C  depict expanded perspective and cross-sectional views of the 6-piston actuator array of  FIG. 13  for coupling to the fluidic manifold of the vaginal portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 15  depicts the common distribution assembly and manifold interface for the positive side assembly of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 16  depicts the distribution assembly and manifold interface for the negative side assembly of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 17  depicts the gaskets for the positive and negative side assemblies of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 18  depicts the gasket holders for the positive and negative side assemblies of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 19  depicts a linear EL-PUMP and 3-piston actuator combination according to an embodiment of the invention for use within a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention wherein the positive side of the 3-piston actuator is directly coupled to the fluidic capacitor on the output of the EL-PUMP; 
         FIG. 20  depicts an exploded perspective view of the 3-piston actuator of the linear EL-PUMP and 3-piston actuator combination according to an embodiment of the invention depicted in  FIG. 19 ; 
         FIG. 21  depicts an exploded perspective view of the 3-piston actuator of the linear EL-PUMP and 3-piston actuator combination according to an embodiment of the invention depicted in  FIG. 19 ; 
         FIG. 22  depicts a gate valve design to replace the gasket valve elements forming part of piston based actuators according to embodiments of the invention; and 
         FIG. 23  depicts a valve assembly according to an embodiment of the invention similar to that depicted in  FIG. 17  but exploiting gate valves such as depicted in  FIG. 22 ; 
         FIGS. 24 to 27  depict valve assemblies according to embodiments of the invention; 
         FIG. 28  depicts a fluidically activated device according to an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 29A  depicts a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation; 
         FIG. 29B  depicts the FLUDEV according to  FIG. 29A  in cross-section perspective view; 
         FIG. 30  depicts cross-sectional perspective views of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 29A  according to an embodiment of the invention showing the internal fluidic geometry of the extended actuator arm; 
         FIG. 31A  depicts the location of a pressure relief valve within the FLUDEV of  FIG. 29A  according to an embodiment of the invention allowing the FLUDEV to operate in “open” loop mode; 
         FIG. 31B  depicts the geometry of the pressure relief valve with valve element according to the design depicted in  FIG. 31A  for an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIGS. 32A and 32B  depict the geometry of the extended actuator arm for the FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention as depicted in  FIG. 29A ; 
         FIGS. 33A and 33B  depict the inner mechanical element of the extended actuator arm according to an embodiment of the invention depicted in  FIG. 29A  in multiple cross-sectional perspective views; 
         FIG. 34  depicts an inlet/outlet valve assembly for an EL-PUMP according to an embodiment of the invention providing low noise operation through fluidic flow management; 
         FIGS. 35 and 36  depict a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with both switches couple to both actuators and positive/negative flow reservoirs; 
         FIGS. 37 and 38  depict a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with each switch coupled to a single actuator and positive/negative flow reservoirs; 
         FIGS. 39 and 40  depict a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with each switch coupled to a single actuator and positive/negative flow reservoirs and a pressure actuated valve coupling one actuator to the other switch; 
         FIGS. 41 and 42  depict a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with each switch coupled to a single actuator and positive/negative flow reservoirs with an additional switch coupling between the actuators; 
         FIG. 43  depicts an inner mechanical element of an extended actuator arm together with single elasticated shell with non-elastic rings to define different actuators sections and outer casing according to an embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG. 44  depicts alternate configurations for attaching balloon based actuators to a fluidic device according to embodiments of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The present invention is directed to devices exploiting fluidic control in conjunction with vibratory and non-vibratory function and movement. 
     The ensuing description provides representative embodiment(s) only, and is not intended to limit the scope, applicability or configuration of the disclosure. Rather, the ensuing description of the embodiment(s) will provide those skilled in the art with an enabling description for implementing an embodiment or embodiments of the invention. It being understood that various changes can be made in the function and arrangement of elements without departing from the spirit and scope as set forth in the appended claims. Accordingly, an embodiment is an example or implementation of the inventions and not the sole implementation. Various appearances of “one embodiment,” “an embodiment” or “some embodiments” do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiments. Although various features of the invention may be described in the context of a single embodiment, the features may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination. Conversely, although the invention may be described herein in the context of separate embodiments for clarity, the invention can also be implemented in a single embodiment or any combination of embodiments. 
     Reference in the specification to “one embodiment”, “an embodiment”, “some embodiments” or “other embodiments” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least one embodiment, but not necessarily all embodiments, of the inventions. The phraseology and terminology employed herein is not to be construed as limiting but is for descriptive purpose only. It is to be understood that where the claims or specification refer to “a” or “an” element, such reference is not to be construed as there being only one of that element. It is to be understood that where the specification states that a component feature, structure, or characteristic “may”, “might”, “can” or “could” be included, that particular component, feature, structure, or characteristic is not required to be included. 
     Reference to terms such as “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “front” and “back” are intended for use in respect to the orientation of the particular feature, structure, or element within the figures depicting embodiments of the invention. It would be evident that such directional terminology with respect to the actual use of a device has no specific meaning as the device can be employed in a multiplicity of orientations by the user or users. Reference to terms “including”, “comprising”, “consisting” and grammatical variants thereof do not preclude the addition of one or more components, features, steps, integers or groups thereof and that the terms are not to be construed as specifying components, features, steps or integers. Likewise, the phrase “consisting essentially of”, and grammatical variants thereof, when used herein is not to be construed as excluding additional components, steps, features integers or groups thereof but rather that the additional features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof do not materially alter the basic and novel characteristics of the claimed composition, device or method. If the specification or claims refer to “an additional” element, that does not preclude there being more than one of the additional element. 
     A “portable electronic device” (PED) as used herein and throughout this disclosure, refers to a wireless device used for communications and other applications that requires a battery or other independent form of energy for power. This includes devices, but is not limited to, such as a cellular telephone, smartphone, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable computer, pager, portable multimedia player, portable gaming console, laptop computer, tablet computer, a wearable device and an electronic reader. 
     A “fixed electronic device” (FED) as used herein and throughout this disclosure, refers to a wireless and/or wired device used for communications and other applications that requires connection to a fixed interface to obtain power. This includes, but is not limited to, a laptop computer, a personal computer, a computer server, a kiosk, a gaming console, a digital set-top box, an analog set-top box, an Internet enabled appliance, an Internet enabled television, and a multimedia player. 
     An “application” (commonly referred to as an “app”) as used herein may refer to, but is not limited to, a “software application”, an element of a “software suite”, a computer program designed to allow an individual to perform an activity, a computer program designed to allow an electronic device to perform an activity, and a computer program designed to communicate with local and/or remote electronic devices. An application thus differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a programming tools (with which computer programs are created). Generally, within the following description with respect to embodiments of the invention an application is generally presented in respect of software permanently and/or temporarily installed upon a PED and/or FED. 
     A “user” as used herein may refer to, but is not limited to, an individual or group of individuals. This includes, but is not limited to, private individuals, employees of organizations and/or enterprises, members of community organizations, members of charity organizations, men and women. In its broadest sense the user may further include, but not be limited to, software systems, mechanical systems, robotic systems, android systems, etc. that may be characterised by an ability to exploit one or more embodiments of the invention. A user may be associated with biometric data which may be, but not limited to, monitored, acquired, stored, transmitted, processed and analysed either locally or remotely to the user. A user may also be associated through one or more accounts and/or profiles with one or more of a service provider, third party provider, enterprise, social network, social media etc. via a dashboard, web service, website, software plug-in, software application, and graphical user interface. “User information” as used herein may refer to, but is not limited to, user behavior information and/or user profile information. It may also include a user&#39;s biometric information, an estimation of the user&#39;s biometric information, or a projection/prediction of a user&#39;s biometric information derived from current and/or historical biometric information. 
     A “wearable device” or “wearable sensor” relates to miniature electronic devices that are worn by the user including those under, within, with or on top of clothing and are part of a broader general class of wearable technology which includes “wearable computers” which in contrast are directed to general or special purpose information technologies and media development. Such wearable devices and/or wearable sensors may include, but not be limited to, smartphones, smart watches, e-textiles, smart shirts, activity trackers, smart glasses, environmental sensors, medical sensors, biological sensors, physiological sensors, chemical sensors, ambient environment sensors, position sensors, neurological sensors, drug delivery systems, medical testing and diagnosis devices, and motion sensors. The wearable devices and/or wearable sensors may include, but not be limited to, devices that can stimulate and/or measure parameters that are designed to fit on or near the perineum, anal area, vagina, clitoral area, and nipples. 
     “Biometric” information as used herein may refer to, but is not limited to, data relating to a user characterised by data relating to a subset of conditions including, but not limited to, their environment, medical condition, biological condition, physiological condition, chemical condition, ambient environment condition, position condition, neurological condition, drug condition, and one or more specific aspects of one or more of these said conditions. Accordingly, such biometric information may include, but not be limited, blood oxygenation, blood pressure, blood flow rate, heart rate, temperate, fluidic pH, viscosity, particulate content, solids content, altitude, vibration, motion, perspiration, EEG, ECG, energy level, etc. In addition, biometric information may include data relating to physiological characteristics related to the shape and/or condition of the body wherein examples may include, but are not limited to, fingerprint, facial geometry, baldness, DNA, hand geometry, odour, and scent. Biometric information may also include data relating to behavioral characteristics, including but not limited to, typing rhythm, gait, and voice. 
     A “fluidic device” (FLUDEV) as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a device that provides a specific function or functions to a user which exploits a fluidic system. Accordingly, such fluidic devices (FLUDEVs) may provide one or more effects including, but not limited to, linear motion, vibratory motion, radial expansion, flexural motion, and radial twisting. Such FLUDEVs may include, but not be limited to, toys, massagers, adult toys, physiotherapy devices, medical devices, and non-medical devices. 
     A “toy” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to any item that can be used for play adults, children and pets. These include, but are not limited to, toys that are used to discover identity, help bodies grow strong, learn cause and effect, explore relationships, and practice skills they will need as adults. Adults toys include, but are not limited to, those relating to playing to form and strengthen social bonds, teach, remember and reinforce lessons from youth, discover identity, exercise minds and bodies, explore relationships, practice skills, and decorate living spaces. Pet&#39;s toys include, but are not limited to, those relating to exercising minds and bodies. 
     A “massager” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to any item that can be used for the manipulation of superficial and deeper layers of muscle and connective tissue using various techniques, to enhance function, aid in the healing process, decrease muscle reflex activity, inhibit motor-neuron excitability, promote relaxation and well-being, and as a recreational activity. Accordingly, such massagers may be used upon tissues including, but not limited to, muscles, tendons, ligaments, fascia, skin, joints, or other connective tissue, lymphatic vessels, organs of the gastrointestinal system, hands, fingers, elbows, knees, legs, arms, and feet. 
     An “accessory” or “accessories” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to one or more objects that can be affixed to or otherwise appended to the body of a sexual pleasure device in order to enhance and/or adjust the sensation(s) provided. Such accessories can be passive, such as nubbies, fronds, fingers, finger, dildo, etc. or they may be active, such as a vibrator(s), electrode(s), hydraulically actuated structures, etc. 
     A “profile” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a computer and/or microprocessor readable data file comprising data relating to settings and/or limits of an adult device. Such profiles may be established by a manufacturer of the adult device or established by an individual through a user interface to the adult device or a portable electronic device (PED)/fixed electronic device (FED) in communication with the adult device. 
     A “vibrator” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to an electronic sexual pleasure device intended for use by an individual or user themselves or in conjunction with activities with another individual or user wherein the vibrator provides a vibratory mechanical function for stimulating nerves or triggering physical sensations. 
     A “dildo” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a sexual pleasure device intended for use by an individual or user themselves or in conjunction with activities with another individual or user wherein the dildo provides non-vibratory mechanical function for stimulating nerves or triggering physical sensations. 
     A “nubby” or “nubbies” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a projection or projections upon the surface of a sexual pleasure device intended to provide additional physical interaction. A nubby can be permanently part of the sexual pleasure device or it can be replaceable or interchangeable to provide additional variation to the sexual pleasure device. 
     A “scaffold” or “scaffolds” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a structure that is used to hold up, interface with, or support another material or element(s). This includes, but is not limited to, such two-dimensional (2D) structures such as substrates and films, three-dimensional (3D) structures such as geometrical objects, non-geometrical objects, combinations of geometrical and non-geometrical objects, naturally occurring structural configurations, and manmade structural configurations. A scaffold may be solid, hollow, and porous or a combination thereof. A scaffold may contain recesses, pores, openings, holes, vias, and channels or a combination thereof. A scaffold may be smooth, textured, have predetermined surface profiles and/or features. A scaffold may be intended to support one or more other materials, one or more films, a multilayer film, one type of particle, multiple types of particles etc. A scaffold may include, but not be limited to, a spine of a device and/or a framework, for example, which also supports a shell and/or a casing. Within embodiments of the invention a scaffold may form part of the external surface of the device for which the scaffold forms part whilst in other embodiments of the invention a one or more portions of the scaffold form part of the external surface of the device of which it forms part whilst one or more other portions of the scaffold form part of the internal structure of the device whilst some of these portions may form part of both the internal structure and external surface. 
     A “shell” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a structure that is used to contain and/or surround at least partially and/or fully a number of elements within adult devices according to embodiments of the invention. A shell may include, but not limited to, a part or parts that are mounted to a scaffold or scaffolds that support elements within a device according to an embodiment of the invention. Within embodiments of the invention a shell may form part of the external surface of the device for which the shell forms part whilst in other embodiments of the invention a one or more portions of the shell form part of the external surface of the device of which it forms part whilst one or more other portions of the shell form part of the internal structure of the device whilst some of these portions may form part of both the internal structure and external surface. 
     A “casing” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a structure surrounding a scaffold and/or shell. This includes structures typically formed from an elastomer and/or silicone to provide a desired combination of physical tactile surface properties to the device it forms part of and other properties including, but not limited to, hermeticity, liquid ingress barrier, solid particulate ingress barrier, surface sheen, and colour. A casing may include, but not limited to, a part or parts that are mounted to a scaffold or scaffolds and/or a casing or casings forming part of a device according to an embodiment of the invention. A casing within the adult device industry is typically a silicone coating. Within embodiments of the invention a casing may form part of the external surface of the device for which the casing forms part whilst in other embodiments of the invention a one or more portions of the casing form part of the external surface of the device of which it forms part whilst one or more other portions of the casing form part of the internal structure of the device whilst some of these portions may form part of both the internal structure and external surface. 
     Within the ensuing description and with respect to embodiments of the invention the terms “casing” and “shell” may be used interchangeably and are primarily differentiated by mechanical properties such that a “shell” is typically a harder, more resilient material such as a plastic or “hard” rubber/elastomer for example whereas a “casing” is typically a softer, less resilient material such as an “soft” rubber or soft elastomer. A FLUDEV may comprise a scaffold only, a scaffold with a shell, a scaffold with a casing, a scaffold with a shell and a casing, a shell and casing only without a scaffold, only a shell, and only a casing. It would be further evident that in some embodiments of the invention a material forming part of a scaffold of a FLUDEV may within other FLUDEVs be employed as the casing and/or shell. Similarly, a material employed for a casing within a FLUDEV may within other FLUDEVs be employed as a shell and/or scaffold. Whilst a casing is generally a soft material encompassing a predetermined portion of the FLUDEV nothing within the following description should be construed as limiting the use of soft materials as part of a casing and/or scaffold. For example, within one design of a FLUDEV a projecting arm or element supporting actuators may be rigid whereas within another design of the same FLUDEV the projecting arm or element may be formed from a material supporting deformation in use so that the projecting arm or element conforms to, for example, a region of a user&#39;s body rather than the region of the user&#39;s body conforming to the projecting arm or element. 
     An “electric motor” or “motor” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a category of providers of motive means characterised by a periodic movement of a shaft or drive shaft connected to the motor which is powered by electricity. Such motors include DC and AC motors. This includes, but is not limited to, brushed DC motors, permanent magnet DC motors, brushless DC motors, switched reluctance motors, universal AC-DC motors, induction motors, ironless or coreless rotor motors, pancake or axial rotor motors, stepper motors, piezoelectric motors and linear motors. 
     A “polyester” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a category of polymers that contain the ester functional group in their main chain. This includes, but is not limited to polyesters which are naturally occurring chemicals as well as synthetics through step-growth polymerization, for example. Polyesters may be biodegradable or not. Polyesters may be a thermoplastic or thermoset or resins cured by hardeners. Polyesters may be aliphatic, semi-aromatic or aromatic. Polyesters may include, but not be limited to, those exploiting polyglycolide, polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polyethylene adipate (PEA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN). 
     A “thermoplastic” or “thermosoftening plastic” as used herein and throughout this disclosure, refers to a category of polymers that become pliable or moldable above a specific temperature and solidify upon cooling. Thermoplastics may include, but not be limited, polycarbonate (PC), polyether sulfone (PES), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly vinyl chloride (PVC), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide (PI), polyphenylsulfone (PPSU), polychlorotrifluoroethene (PCTFE or PTFCE), florinated ethylene propylene (FEP), and perfluoro alkoxy alkane (PFA). 
     A “metal” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a material that has good electrical and thermal conductivity. Such materials may be malleable and/or fusible and/or ductile. Metals may include, but not be limited to, aluminum, nickel, copper, cobalt, chromium, silver, gold, platinum, iron, zinc, titanium, and alloys thereof such as bronze, stainless steel, stainless stainless steel, brass, and phosphor bronze. 
     An “aramid” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to an aromatic polyamide. Aramids are a class of materials fibers in which the chain molecules are highly oriented along the fiber axis, so the strength of the chemical bond can be exploited. Examples include, but are not limited to fibers distributed under brand names such as Kevlar™, Technora™, Twaron™, Heracron™, Nomex™, Innegra S™ and Vectran™ as well as nylon and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. 
     A “silicone” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a polymer that includes any inert, synthetic compound made up of repeating units of siloxane. Silicones have in general the chemical formula [R2SiO]n, where R is an organic group such as an alkyl (methyl, ethyl) or phenyl group. Silicones may be formed by the polymerization of silyl acetates or silyl chlorides for example. 
     An “elastomeric” material or “elastomer” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a material, generally a polymer, with a defined level of viscoelasticity. Elastomers may include, but not be limited to, halogenated butyl rubber (halobutyl), chlorinated butyl rubber (chlorobutyl), butyl rubber, isobutylene isoprene, chlorinated polyethylene (PE-C), ethylene-propylene (EPDM}, EPDM/Neoprene/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) foam, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), fluoroelastomer rubber (FKM), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), vinylidene fluoride (VDF or VF2), terpolymers of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinylidene fluoride (VDF), hexafluoropropylene (HFP), perfluoromethylvinylether (PMVE), fluorosilicone rubber (e.g. FVMQ), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), alkathene, polythene, tetrafluoroethylene perfluoromethylvinylether, natural rubber, gum rubber, latex rubber, neoprene, polychloroprene, chloroprene, nitrile rubber, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, a nitrile-vinyl blend, perfluoroalkoxy alkane (PFA), polyamide, nylon, aramid, polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene and ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) blend, polyethylene (PE), polyisoprene, polyoxymethylene (POM), acetal, polyacetal, polyformaldehyde, polypropylene (PP), PP and latex, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane (PUR), polyvinyl alcohol immersion (PVA), polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), PVC/Polyurethane, thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV, for example ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber encapsulated in a polypropylene (PP) matrix), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), SBR coated polyester, silicone, peroxide cured silicone, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), vinyl, fluorocarbon, and a fluoroelastomer. 
     A “balloon” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to an element intended to adjust its physical geometry upon the injection of a fluid within it. Such balloons can be formed from a variety of elastic and non-elastic materials and be of varying non-inflated and inflated profiles, including for example spherical, elongated, wide, thin, etc. A balloon may also be used to transmit pressure or pressure fluctuations to the sexual pleasure device surface and user where there is an inappreciable, or very low, change in the volume of the balloon. 
     The terms “woman” or “female” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a human having a clitoris or clitoral region and, optionally, a vagina and/or an anus. The terms “woman” and “female” are used interchangeably herein. A female may be a user, an individual, another user, and/or another individual within contexts of the specification. 
     The terms “man” or “male” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a human having a penis and, optionally, testes and/or an anus. The terms “man” and “male” are used interchangeably herein. A male may be a user, an individual, another user, and/or another individual within contexts of the specification. 
     The term “resilient,” as used herein, refers to the ability of a body that has been subjected to an external force to recover, or substantially recover, its original size and/or shape, following deformation. 
     The term “flexible,” as used herein, refers to the ability of a body that has been subjected to an external force to return to its original size and/or shape once the external force has been removed or reduced to below a particular level. 
     The term “malleable,” as used herein, refers to the ability of a body that has been subjected to an external force to deform and maintain, or substantially maintain, the deformed size and/or shape. 
     The terms “sex”, “intercourse”, “sexual intercourse” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, are intended to have a meaning referring to an act or action between two users wherein part of the act or action relates to the stimulation of one user&#39;s or both user&#39;s sexual erogenous zones and/or genitalia. Such acts or actions may or may not involve according to sex of the user the concurrent stimulation of their clitoris, vagina, anus, penis, testes, etc. and may be male-female, female-female, and solitary female based acts or actions. 
     A “FLuidic DEVice” (FLUDEV) as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a device intended to provide stimulation, movement, dimensional adjustment etc. though one or more actuators exploiting a fluidic driving mechanism in conjunction with a pump, such as an Electromagnetic PUMP (EL-PUMP), and valves/switches etc. Such FLUDEVs being described and depicted by the inventor within World Patent Applications WO/2014/047,717 entitled “Methods and Devices for Fluid Driven Adult Devices” published Apr. 3, 2014; WO/2014/047,718 entitled “Fluidic Methods and Devices” published Apr. 3, 2014; WO/2015/135,070 entitled “Methods and Devices for Hydraulic Consumer Devices” published Sep. 17, 2015; and WO/2018/119,508 entitled “Methods and Devices relating to Hydraulic Valves and Switches” published Jul. 5, 2018. 
     An “ELectromagnetic PUMP” (EL-PUMP) as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a fluidic pump. An EL-PUMP may employ the linear motion of a magnetic piston under action of an externally applied magnetic field from an electromagnet or it may be a rotary pump etc. Within the embodiments of the invention depicted below the EL-PUMPs being described and depicted are those established previously by the inventor within World Patent Applications WO/2014/047,717 entitled “Methods and Devices for Fluid Driven Adult Devices” published Apr. 3, 2014; WO/2014/047,718 entitled “Fluidic Methods and Devices” published Apr. 3, 2014; WO/2015/135,070 entitled “Methods and Devices for Hydraulic Consumer Devices” published Sep. 17, 2015; and WO/2018/119,508 entitled “Methods and Devices relating to Hydraulic Valves and Switches” published Jul. 5, 2018. 
     A “reservoir” as used herein, and throughout this disclosure, refers to a region within the fluidic circuit within a FLUDEV which holds fluid. A reservoir may include, but not be limited to, a “balloon”, a fluidic actuator, a region around an EL-PUMP defined by a scaffold/casing around the EL-PUMP, and a dedicated element within the fluidic circuit. A reservoir may be a single reservoir, or it may be comprised of multiple smaller reservoirs disposed within the fluidic circuit at different locations. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  there are depicted first and second images  100 A and  100 B of a fluidic device (FLUDEV) according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation. As depicted the FLUDEV comprises a handle  110 , first stimulator  120 , Second stimulator  130 , actuated member  140 , extending member  150 , and dilatory element  160 . As will become evident in respect of  FIGS. 2 to 18  the first stimulator  120 , Second stimulator  130 , actuated member  140 , extending member  150 , and dilatory element  160  are all FLuidic ACTuators (FLACTs) driven by fluidic elements within the FLUDEV under control of a controller. 
     Now referring to  FIGS. 2 and 3  there are depicted first and second images  200 A and  200 B respectively for the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation with the external casing removed. Accordingly, in first image  200 A the FLUDEV is viewed from a front right perspective wherein the FLUDEV scaffold and shell are depicted. As noted supra references to orientation are essentially arbitrary but for the purposes of the description in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 18  then front of the FLUDEV is considered as the tip of the penetrative element comprising Second stimulator  130 , actuated member  140 , extending member  150 , and dilatory element  160  whilst the back/rear of the FLUDEV is considered the handle  110  of the FLUDEV. From this then up/top is considered as being the first stimulator  120 . 
     Accordingly, a plurality of fluidic balloon interfaces (FLUBINTs)  210  are depicted which would each couple to a FLUidic BALLoon (FLUBALL). The plurality of FLUBINTs not being depicted for clarity. Accordingly, a FLUBALL would be attached to the FLUBINT  210  on the tip  220  of the actuated member  230 , on the FLUBINTs  210  along the actuated member  230 , and those on the FLUBINT  210  on the intermediate body portion  280 . Attached to the intermediate body portion  280  are clitoral stimulator comprising wall portion  240  and framed portion  250 . Also attached to the intermediate body portion  280  is the handle portion  260  which terminates in electrical CHARging INTerface (CHARINT)  270 . 
     Within embodiments of the invention the wall portion  240  may be contoured rather than having a profile such as depicted in  FIG. 2 . Such contouring may be periodic, aperiodic, etc. with no specific alignment of the contouring to the user&#39;s body or alternatively a portion or portions of the wall portion  240  may be contoured such that a portion of the user&#39;s body, e.g. clitoris, engages the contoured region. For example, the contour of the wall portion  240  is a recess within the wall portion  240  for the user&#39;s clitoris to engage such that the remainder of the wall portion  240  engages the user&#39;s pubic mound around their clitoris. Optionally, within other embodiments of the invention the wall portion  240  may have one or more fluidic actuators disposed within it such that in addition to an overall vibratory effect arising from the EL-PUMP the wall portion  240  may impart a second frequency component of vibration, an overall expansion/contraction etc. or it may provide a “sucking” type functionality to the user&#39;s clitoris. 
     The lengthwise “waves” along the length of the shaft of the FLUDEV and the circular “rings” at the tip allow the elastomer to expand/get longer etc. without wasting too much energy stretching the skin, e.g. elastomer, as initially these “fill” out with low energy to provide increased diameter/length etc. Under operation of the EL-PUMP the wall section  240  stretches acting as a positive pressure side fluidic capacitor. On the “negative side” with the framed portion  250  the inventors have established that whilst providing a flexible diaphragm for provisioning of a fluidic capacitor is important that the distance of the EL-PUMP inlet valve from the diaphragm skin impacts efficiency and that for improved efficiency and reduced “water column shaking” on the inlet side of the EL-PUMP that the distance between the valve and the diaphragm should be kept small. 
     Within embodiments of the invention the handle may provide a reservoir for the fluidic system wherein according to the design the skin of the handle collapses as actuators along the shaft are expanded or expands as the actuators along the shaft are emptied and reduce in dimension. Accordingly, as depicted the rear of the handle casing/shell is partially removed to allow the skin to collapse. Alternatively, the fluidic reservoir may be a collapsible “bag” or “balloon” disposed within a solid handle or may be a handle having a framed design such as over the framed portion. If the “balloon” is only covered by the outer skin or is defined by the outer skin, then the skin may in embodiments of the invention be formed from or with a higher Durometer material such that the reservoir does not “bulge” when full and the position/orientation of the FLUDEV adjusted. 
     Accordingly, the positive pressure portion of the fluidic circuit is contained by the shell/scaffold (e.g. plastic) around the EL-PUMP (motor) and the diaphragm (wall section  240 ) then the only inlet to this chamber is the outlet valves, the only outlet is the fluidic path that leads to the valves/manifold, commonly referred to by the inventors as the “6-Shooter” due to its six valves and circular design having visual correspondence to the cylinder of a traditional revolver. The low pressure side, on the other hand is the remainder of the internal volume of the FLUDEV including obviously the reservoir. Any leakage from actuators, nipples, switches, plastic channel holes or leaks, will always find its way back to the low pressure side and in order to enhance this the shell/scaffold may have surface features, commonly referred to as ditches by the inventors, so that water between the skin and the shell/scaffold has a return path to the pump inlet. In some instances, the fluid around the actuators may act as a lubricant between the “flexible” skin of the actuators and “inflexible” shell/casing. 
     In second image  300  in  FIG. 3  the FLUDEV is viewed from a rear left side perspective wherein the FLUDEV scaffold and shell are depicted. Accordingly, the actuated member  230  is evident with the plurality of FLUBINTs  210  on the left of the second image  300  with the intermediate portion  280 , the clitoral stimulator comprising wall portion  240  and framed portion  250 . Within the framed portion is EL-PUMP  310 . On the right of second image  300 A there is depicted the handle  260  wherein a portion has been removed to show the battery  330  and 6-piston actuator array  330 , so-called “6-Shooter” which is coupled to the plurality of FLUBINTs  210 . Also depicted in CHARINT  270 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4  there is depicted image  400 A wherein the scaffold/shall of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  has been removed in addition to the casing, Accordingly, there are depicted the EL-PUMP  310 , battery  320 , CHARINT  270 , Controller  320  and 6-Shooter  330 . On the right of the image  400 A are depicted FLUBINTs  210 , G-spot stimulator  420 , ring actuators  430 , and tip  220  of the actuated member. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 5  there are depicted first and second images  500 A and  500 B of the is depicted a portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  depicting the combination of scaffold/shell on either side of the EL-PUMP  310  to provide actuator and fluidic capacitor elements concurrently with the external casing removed. Accordingly, there are depicted wall portion  240  which is intended to fit against a female user&#39;s clitoral region and vibrate and/or apply pressure. The inventor has established that for efficient operation of the EL-PUMP  310  within a closed fluidic system that one or more fluidic capacitive elements. Within the FLUDEV a capacitive element is provided by the flexible casing of the FLUDEV over the framed portion  250 . Those portions of the casing (not shown in this image) not supported can “flex” whilst those against the framed portion  250  prevent collapse of the fluidic capacitor. 
     Within this patent the side of the EL-PUMP  310  with the framed portion  250  is referred to as the “negative” side of the pump (e.g. EL-PUMP  310 ) in that the pump draws from this side and pumps into the other “positive side.” Accordingly, those portions of the fluidic circuit fed from the positive side may be referred to as positive side elements such as positive side washer, positive side spacer etc. whilst those on the negative side of the fluidic system may be referred to as negative side washer, negative side spacer etc. Within this configuration positive side fluidic circuits couple/operate to fill or add fluid to fluidic actuators/balloons etc. whilst negative side circuits couple/operate to empty or withdraw fluid from fluidic actuators/balloons etc. 
     Within an embodiment of the invention the negative side fluidic capacitor, nominally at zero pressure, may be actually slightly under “vacuum” (i.e. below 0 psi). The framed portion  250  keeps the flexible skin, e.g. 10 Durometer elastomer skin, from collapsing. Optionally, additional fluidic channels may extend from the wall portion  240  along the shaft portion of the FLUDEV between the shell and the skin such that with EL-PUMP providing pulsed fluidic pumping into the wall portion  240  to provide clitoral region stimulation the additional fluidic channels, for example tubes or rings, under the skin similarly vibrate whilst the actuators coupled to the manifold, as described and depicted below, expand—contract and/or pulse based upon the overall control provided from the valves within the manifold disposed between the actuators and the wall portion  240 . Alternatively, these additional fluidic channels may be coupled to the manifold and one or more valves. For example, the FLUBINTs  210  in the region between the EL-PUMP/wall section  240  and the shaft  230  may provide for subsequent assembly once the casing has been assembled. 
     Within other embodiments of the invention the negative side of the fluidic system rather than being at zero pressure or slightly negative (i.e. below 0 psi) may be highly negative with the positive side of the fluidic system being at zero pressure or positive (i.e. above 0 psi) such that the actuator(s), casing and/or shell shrink and/or collapse to yield a puckered external surface and/or collapse/shrink the actuator rapidly. Accordingly, the overall bias pressure of the fluidic circuit (average of positive pressure on positive side of fluidic circuit and negative pressure on negative side of fluidic circuit) may be neutral, negative, or positive). Optionally, within embodiments of the invention the bias pressure may be for the entire fluidic circuit or according to the EL-VALVE(s) for an individual actuator. Optionally, multiple fluidic circuits with different positive/negative pressures and pressure bias may be implemented with the same FLUDEV. 
     This structure is also depicted in first and second images  600 A and  600 B respectively in  FIG. 6  wherein cross-sections of a portion of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  depicting the combination of scaffold/shell on either side of a linear EL-PUMP to provide actuator and fluidic capacitor elements concurrently in conjunction with the external casing and of the EL-PUMP  310 . Within first image  600 A the casing  610  is shown over the framed portion  250  and wall portion  240  with the EL-PUMP  310  within them. The EL-PUMP  310  is depicted in cross-section in second image  600 B within first and second body portions  620  and  625  which are coupled to the wall portion  240  which incorporates outlet port  695 . As depicted the EL-PUMP  310  comprises inlet non-return valves (NRVs)  640  and outlet NRVs  630 . Accordingly, the EL-PUMP  310  draws fluid from the region between the EL-PUMP  310  and casing  610  within the region defined within the framed portion  250  and pumps it into the wall portion  240  wherein it then flows out through the outlet port  695 . The EL-PUMP  310  is depicted without the piston for clarity and comprises Coil  650 , Inner Washer  660 , Magnet  670 , Outer Washer  680 , and Stand-off Washer  690 . Alternate designs and constructions of the EL-PUMP  310  may be employed without departing from the scope of the invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7  there are depicted first and second images  700 A and  700 B respectively for a dilatory tip for a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention non-inflated and inflated. Within first image  700 A the actuated member  230  is shown with tip  220  within which is FLUBINT  210 . Surrounding the tip  220  of the actuated member  230  is casing  610  which is formed with a series of ridges and bulbous portion. In second image  700 B the fluidic system, such as EL-PUMP  310  and a valve pump fluid through the FLUBINT  210  expanding the formed portion of the casing  610 . The inventor has established that a preformed section of casing  610  expands faster and with lower pressure than a non-formed section. 
     In contrast first and second images  800 A and  800 B the Second stimulator  130  is depicted in deflated and inflated states respectively. Accordingly, the actuated member  230  is depicted with a FLUBINT  210  on the upper surface whilst a region  810  of the casing  610  is sealed to the actuated member  230  by sealing ring  820 . Accordingly, under actuation of the fluidic system coupled to the appropriate portion of the actuated member  230  the region  810  can be inflated to filled region  830  therein pushing against the upper interior wall of the user&#39;s vagina in the region of the G-spot. Optionally, the filled region  830  may be partially filled or filled under all operating conditions and the fluidic system provides vibration and/or pressure pulses. 
     Third image  800 C depicts a FLUBINT  210  coupled to a portion of the casing  610 , one of a pair either side of the actuated member  230 , which are disposed adjacent to and/or against the labia of the user. Accordingly, under the action of the fluidic system the regions of the casing  610  may expand to apply pressure and/or vibrate to provide stimulation to the region just below and to the side of the user&#39;s clitoris and above their vagina. 
     Referring to  FIG. 9  there are depicted first to fourth images  900 A to  900 D respectively for a pair of radial dilatory actuators, first and second actuators  910  and  920  respectively, upon the actuated member  230  of a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention. As depicted in first image  900 A the actuated member  230  is depicted without either of the radial dilatory actuators activated. In second image  900 B first actuator  910  is activated whilst in third image  900 C the second actuator  920  is actuated. In fourth image  900 D both of the first and second actuators  910  and  920  are activated and expanding. Each radial dilatory actuator applies pressure to the interior vaginal walls of the user or alternatively, if inserted into their anus to the rectal walls wherein the G-spot actuator may now stimulate the A-spot. As depicted first actuator  910  is “U-shaped” and second actuator  920  “ring” shaped such that the G-spot balloon does not overlap the first actuator  910 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 10A to 12  there are depicted a fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230  which couples to the FLUBINTs upon the actuated member  230  and therein couples the fluidic system within the exterior portion to the actuator balloons within the vaginal portion of the FLUDEV. Accordingly, in  FIG. 10  there are depicted first to fourth images  1000 A to  1000 D respectively of the exterior of the fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230 . First image  1000 A depicts a lower elevation wherein four FLUBINTs  210  are disposed along the actuated member  230  whilst second and third images  1000 B and  1000 C respectively depict a top elevation and end elevation wherein a single FLUBINT  210  is disposed along each of the upper surface and end of the actuated member  230  respectively. Fourth image  1000 D depicts a top elevation with the fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230  rotated to such that the upper surface  1020  of the fluidic manifold  1030 . As evident within the upper surface  1020  of the fluidic manifold  1030  there are disposed 6 ports, first to sixth ports  1010 A to  1010 F respectively. The relationship between the first to sixth ports  1010 A to  1010 F respectively of the fluidic manifold  1030  to the FLUBINTs  210  on the actuated member is depicted in  FIGS. 11A and 11B  respectively. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 10B  first image  1000 E depicts the four sections lines employed, approximately, in  FIGS. 11A and 11B  respectively. Accordingly, these are depicted as first to fourth sections X-X, Y-Y, Z-Z and ZZ-ZZ respectively. As evident: 
     First section X-X through first port  1010 A; 
     Second section Y-Y through second and third ports  1010 B and  1010 C; 
     Third section Z-Z through fourth and fifth ports  1010 D and  1010 E; and 
     Fourth section ZZ-ZZ through sixth port  1010 F. 
     Second image  1000 F depicts the fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230  in expanded perspective view comprising first to third elements  1040  to  1060  respectively wherein first and third elements  1040  and  1060  form the exterior shell for both the fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230  whilst second element  1060  in combination with the first and third elements  1040  and  1060  provides for the formation of several fluidic channels within the fluidic manifold  1030  and actuated member  230 . Third image  1000 G depicts the fluidic manifold  1030  in cross-section with FLUBINT  210 . The FLUBINT  210  is inserted into an opening within the fluidic balloon which is to be attached to the FLUBINT  210  and form an actuator of the FLUDEV. Accordingly, the opening of the fluidic balloon is sealed by the FLUBINT  210  which extends around the interior portion of the fluidic balloon. 
     Referring to first images  1100 A and  1100 E in respect of  FIGS. 11A and 11B  respectively the first section X-X of first image  1000 E in  FIG. 10B  is depicted. This cuts through first port  1010 A and as depicted in third image  800 C in  FIG. 8  which is coupled to a fluidic actuator adjacent the actuated member  230  via first manifold FLUBINT  1120 A. Second images  1100 B and  1100 F depict the second section Y-Y through second and third ports  1010 B and  1010 C respectively wherein second port  1010 B couples to first fluidic channel  230 B which couples to the first and second FLUBINTs  1110 A and  1110 B on the lower surface of the actuated member  230 . Third port  1010 C couples to second fluidic channel  230 C and therein to the third FLUBINT  1110 C on the tip  220  of the actuated member  230 . 
     Third images  1100 C and  1100 G in respect of  FIGS. 11A and 11B  depict third cross-section Z-Z through fourth and fifth ports  1010 D and  1010 E respectively which are coupled to third and fourth fluidic channels  230 D and  230 E respectively. As evident third fluidic channel  230 D couples to the fourth and fifth FLUBINTs  1110 D and  1110 E on the lower surface of the actuated member  230  whilst fourth channel  230 E couples to sixth FLUBINT  1110 F on the upper surface and actuates the G-spot stimulator as described supra. Fourth images  1100 D and  1100 H in respect of  FIGS. 11A and 11B  depict the fourth cross-section ZZ-ZZ through sixth port  1010 F which is similarly coupled to an actuator adjacent the actuated member  230  via second manifold FLUBINT  1120 B. 
     Optionally, an actuated member  230  may comprise one or more malleable sections and/or fluidic channels such that the overall geometry of the actuated member  230  may be adjusted by a user of a FLUDEV comprising such an actuated member  230 . Within some embodiments of the invention the malleable sections are formed by providing metallic elements joining sections of the actuated member or sections of the actuated member formed from a material with lower Young&#39;s modulus than the remainder of the actuated member such that by an appropriate level of pressure/force the malleable section(s) can be adjusted to “bend” the actuated member at the malleable section(s). Optionally, the malleable sections may be a thermoplastic having a softening temperature allowing a user to soften and deform the thermoplastic without disrupting the overall device or require complex procedure to achieve the desired temperature. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 12  there are depicted first to third images  1200 A to  1200 C respectively for a balloon attachment means to the casing of the FLUDEV. As depicted in  FIG. 12A  an opening  1210  is formed within a recessed portion  1230  of the shell  1220  of a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention. The nipple  1240  fits within the opening  1210  and comprises a first annular portion that fits around the opening  1210  within the recessed portion  1230  and a second annular portion that fits around the opening  1210  on the other side of the shell  1220  to that of the first annular portion. The “balloon” for the fluidic actuator comprises flexible wall  1260  which is attached to the first annular portion of the nipple  1240  and has an opening  1270  which aligns with feedthrough  1250  of the nipple  1240 . Accordingly, the FLUDEV may be assembled with the EL-PUMP, casing etc. and then the fluidic actuators attached through the nipples  1240  to the openings  1210  within the shell  1220 . Accordingly, nipple  1240  provides a FLUBINT such as described and depicted supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 11 . Within other embodiments of the invention the “balloon” for a fluidic actuator may be attached directly to the scaffold or shell of a FLUDEV thereby eliminating the need for nipples as depicted in  FIG. 44  with first and second configurations  4400 A and  4400 B respectively. 
     Referring to  FIG. 13  there are depicted first to fourth images  1300 A to  1300 D of the 6-piston actuator array  330 , so-called “6-Shooter”, as described and depicted in respect of  FIG. 4  which is disposed between the outlet port  695  of the solid wall  240  and the fluidic manifold  1030  which is coupled to the actuated member  230 . First to fourth images  1300 A to  1300 D representing left side elevation (first image  1300 A), top elevation (second image  1300 B), right side elevation (third image  1300 C) and bottom elevation (fourth image  1300 D) respectively. As shown in bottom elevation (fourth image  1300 D) there is an inlet port  1320  which is coupled to the outlet port  695  of the solid wall  240 . Also visible on the bottom of the “6-Shooter” are first to sixth outlet ports  1310 A to  1310 F respectively which are coupled to the first to sixth ports respectively of the fluidic manifold, such as fluidic manifold  1030  in  FIG. 10 . Accordingly, the “6-Shooter” controls the fluid coupled to the fluidic actuators attached to the fluidic manifold and actuated member. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 14A  there is depicted an expanded perspective view of “6-Shooter”  1400  of the “6-Shooter” actuator array of  FIG. 13  for coupling to the fluidic manifold and the actuated member of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 1  according to an embodiment of the invention. As depicted the “6-Shooter”  1400 A comprises the following elements: 
     an upper manifold  1410 , referred to as the negative side of the “6-Shooter”  1400 A; 
     negative side housing spacer  1420 ; 
     negative side gasket  1430 ; 
     switch body  1440 ; 
     positive side gasket  1450 ; 
     positive side housing spacer  1460 ; 
     lower manifold  1480 ; and 
     washers  1470 . 
     The “6-Shooter”  1400  within the switch body  1440  hold 6 EL-VALVEs  14000  comprising upper magnetic washer  14100  (negative side), upper coil  14200 , spacer  14300 , lower coil  14400 , lower magnetic washer  14500  (positive side) and piston  14600 . Each EL-VALVE  14000  may be driven to the negative side or positive side thereby either opening or closing the valve at either end of the EL-VALVE  14000 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 14B  there is depicted a perspective cross-sectional assembly of the 6-Shooter  1400 . Within the configuration depicted in  FIG. 14B  the pistons of the EL-VALVEs are at the positive side such that the chamber  1485  within the lower manifold  1480  is blocked by the pistons such that no fluid flows to either of the third or fifth outlet ports  1310 C and  1310 E respectively. As the pistons are blocking the lower valves the upper valves are both open as depicted in  FIG. 14C  which depicts a cross-section that is slightly offset from that within  FIG. 14B . Accordingly, the valves at the top of the 6-Shooter  1400  are evident as open from the third and fifth outlet ports  1310 C to  1310 E respectively via the ports to the exterior region above the upper manifold  1410 . This region within the FLUDEV is coupled to portion of the EL-PUMP with the scaffold and casing. Accordingly, with the pistons as depicted the fluidic actuators within the FLUDEV are emptied by the action of the EL-PUMP. When the pistons are at the other end to that as shown the fluidic actuators are coupled to the same side of the EL-PUMP as the solid section and accordingly they are filled. 
     In this manner depending upon the position of each piston within each EL-VALVE a fluidic actuator may be filled or emptied to a predetermined level between empty and completely full. Alternatively, alternating the piston position results in fluidic pressure modulation which is coupled to the user&#39;s body as a physical vibration through the FLUDEV. Accordingly, each of the EL-VALVEs controls fluidic coupling from the EL-PUMP via the chamber  1485  to one of the output ports and from the output ports to the EL-PUMP via the channels that route through the positive side housing spacer  1460 , positive side gasket  1450 , switch body  1440 , negative side gasket  1430 , and negative side housing spacer to the upper manifold  1410 . 
     Also depicted in  FIG. 14B  is insert  1400 B showing the piston  14600  within the bobbin  14700  it moves within and around which the upper magnetic washer  14100  (negative side), upper coil  14200 , spacer  14300 , lower coil  14400 , and lower magnetic washer  14500  (positive side) are assembled. Also depicted are the positive side gasket  1450  and positive side housing spacer  1460 . Accordingly, it is evident that the positive side gasket  1450  (and the negative side gasket  1430 ) are designed to cover a peripheral region of the piston  14600  so that any chamfers on the piston  14600  do not provide a leakage path past the valve of which the piston  14600  and positive side gasket  1450  (or corresponding negative side gasket  1430 ) form part. The portion of the gaskets forming the openings at either end of the switch body may project into the body of the switch body  1440  only such that the bobbin is disposed between them or into both the body of the switch body  1440  and the bobbin  14700 . The depth of the gaskets within the openings and/or bobbin may define the “stop” position of the piston at each end of the EL-VALVE and accordingly the position of the piston relative to the upper magnetic washer  14100  and lower magnetic washer  14500 . 
     In order to reduce electrical power consumption, the upper magnetic washer  14100  and lower magnetic washer  14500  may be designed to provide sufficient magnetic retention of the piston  14600  at either end so that the upper coil  14200  and/or lower coil  14400  are only activated in order to open either the positive side valve or the negative side valve. However, as the positive side valve is intended to be held closed against the positive pressure from the EL-PUMP, for example 7 pounds per square inch (7 psi or approximately 50 kilopascal (kPa)) whilst the negative side may be held closed at 0 psi or lower pressures than 7 psi there is in embodiments of the invention an asymmetry in the distance of the upper washer  14100  from the piston end when the piston  14600  is against the negative side gasket  1430  on the negative side of the fluidic circuit to the distance of the lower washer  14500  from the piston end when the piston  14600  is against the positive side gasket  1450  on the positive side of the fluidic circuit. This distance may be controlled through the gaskets with their protrusions into the bore of the bobbin  14700  of each EL-VALVE. Alternatively, the distances are equal, but the magnet strength of the washers may be varied. Optionally, the spacer  14300  may be employed or removed with equal strength magnetic upper and lower washers  14100  and  14500  respectively wherein with the spacers  14300  in place the EL-VALVE is less efficient but offers increased latching force and without the spacers the efficiency is increased but the latching force reduced. 
     Within embodiments of the invention depicted a pair of coils for each valve/switch have been depicted although it would be evident that a single coil may be employed. However, with dual coils these may be wound inversely to one another, e.g. one clockwise and the other counter clockwise, such that they each create the same pole in the middle region of the valve/switch, e.g. North or South, and the other pole at the external ends, e.g. South or North. As noted supra the energy required to flip a switch from flowing to closed requires the magnet to push against the pressure within the fluidic system and hence takes more energy than opening the switch to allow flow to commence. Accordingly, within another embodiment of the invention the two coils may employ different wire diameters, e.g. average wire gauge (AWG) so each coil produces a different magnetic force. Accordingly, if the magnet is currently at the end of the valve with Coil A with its south (S) pole towards the end of the tube and its north (N) pole towards the middle of the valve/switch then the magnet N is closer to the middle of coil B than the magnet S is to coil A. Accordingly, coil B has an advantage over coil A. Accordingly, the switch design can be tuned to minimize energy use by using coils that are different from one another in wire AWG and or length and by optimizing magnet “standoff offset” distance for the +7 and 0 PSI ends. 
     Referring to  FIG. 15  there are depicted first and second images  1500 A and  1500 B of the common distribution assembly and manifold interface (lower manifold  1480 ) for the positive side assembly of the “6-Shooter”  1400  depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention. On the lower side are first to sixth outlet ports  1310 A to  1310 F respectively. These couple to feeds  1510 A to  1510 F on the other side of the manifold interface  1480 . The remainder of the manifold interface  1480  comprises chamber  1550  which is coupled to inlet port  1320 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 16  there are depicted first and second images  1600 A and  1600 B for the distribution assembly and manifold interface (upper manifold  1410 ) for the negative side assembly of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention. Within the lower surface of the upper manifold  1410  are guides  1610  which couple the output of each EL-PUMP  14000  to the peripheral channels  1490 A and central openings  1490 B within the switch body  1440  and their corresponding openings within the negative side housing spacer  1420 , negative side gasket  1430 , positive side gasket  1450 , positive side housing spacer  1460 , and washers  1470 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 17  there are depicted first and second images  1700 A and  1700 B respectively depicts the gaskets for the positive and negative side assemblies of the 6-piston actuator depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention, these being negative side gasket  1430  and positive side gasket  1460  respectively. The surfaces of the negative side gasket  1430  and positive side gasket  1460  depicted in first and second images  1700 A an  1700 B respectively are those disposed towards the EL-PUMPs within the “6-Shooter.” Each raised portion  1710  on the EL-PUMP negative side gasket  1430  and positive side gasket  1460  due to the flexibility of the gaskets provides for a seal against the piston of the EL-VALVE. As discussed supra the negative and positive side gaskets  1430  and  1460  respectively may have different thicknesses (or what may be considered depth) such that the magnet standoff distance varies from one side to the other based upon one side requiring that a closed valve hold off the pressure from the pump whilst on the other return side the closed valve is holding off no pressure. Optionally, the washer may be replaced and/or used in combination with one or more gate seals. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 18  there are depicted first to fourth images  1800 A to  1800 D respectively for the negative and positive side housing spacers  1420  and  1460  respectively for the positive and negative side assemblies of the 6-piston EL-VALVE depicted in  FIGS. 13 and 14  according to an embodiment of the invention. As noted supra the negative and positive side gaskets  1430  and  1460  respectively are flexible allowing them to form an effective fluidic seal in conjunction with the piston of each EL-VALVE. However, without some resiliency the piston will simply push the gaskets back and this is provided by the negative and positive side housing spacers  1420  and  1460  respectively. 
     Referring to  FIG. 19  depicts a linear EL-PUMP  1910  and 3-piston actuator  1920  combination according to an embodiment of the invention for use within a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention if first and second perspective views  1900 A and  1900 B respectively. Within these the EL-PUMP  1910  is depicted without the negative side frame, such as framed portion  250  depicted in  FIGS. 3, 5 and 6  supra for clarity. Within first image  1900 A the positive side of the 3-piston actuator is shown semi-transparent allowing the outlet non-return valve ports on either end of the pump to be visible whilst the 3 common ports of the 3-piston actuator  1920  are evident below it. The 3-piston actuator  1920  is attached directly to the EL-PUMP  1910  via ports on the EL-PUMP  1910  which are evident within the exploded three-dimensional (3D) perspective view of  FIG. 20 . Accordingly, the 3-piston actuator  1920  is depicted as comprising: 
     a return manifold  2015 , referred to as the negative side of the 3-piston actuator  1920 ; 
     negative side spacer  2020 ; 
     actuator body  2025 ; 
     positive side gasket  2030 ; 
     positive side spacer  2035 ; and 
     output manifold  2040 . 
     Disposed between the negative side spacer  2020  and positive side spacer  2035  within the actuator body  2025  are three electromagnetically activated valves (EL-VALVE) together with associated filler etc. to retain the 3 EL-VALVES. Each EL-VALVE comprising: 
     positive side magnetic washer  2050 ; 
     negative side magnetic washer  2055 ; 
     inner washer  2060 ; 
     casing  2065 ; 
     piston  2070 ; 
     positive side coil  2075 ; and 
     negative side coil  2080 . 
     Optionally, the positive and negative side coils  2075  and  2080  may be a single coil.  FIG. 21  similarly depicts the 3-piston actuator  1920  in exploded perspective  2100 A together with first views  2100 B which depicts a perspective view of the return manifold  2015  and negative side spacer  2020 . The negative side spacer  2020  has three sets of first and second valve openings  2020 A and  2020 B which are covered or uncovered by the piston  2070  according to the drive signals applied to the coil(s) within the EL-VALVE. Now considering the return manifold  2015  each first valve opening  2020 A aligns with a through path  2015 A in the return manifold  2015  whilst each second opening aligns to one end of the channel  2015 B wherein the other end of the channel  2015 B aligns to the through ports  2020 C within the within the negative side spacer  2020 . Accordingly, return path fluid coupled to the common ports of the 3-piston actuator  1920  on the output manifold  2040  is coupled through the through ports  2020 C to the channel  2015 B and therein to the second port  2020 B of the negative side spacer  2020 . If the piston is driven to that end of the 3-piston actuator  1920  then it covers the first and second ports  2020 A and  2020 B stopping fluid flow otherwise fluid flows from the second port  2020 B to the first port  2020 A with the region between the piston and negative side spacer  2020 . From the first port  2020 A the fluid when flowing is coupled to the through path  2015 A and out behind the return manifold  2015  into the negative side capacitor region of the fluid system of the FLUDEV. 
     Second view  2100 C depicts the fluid links between the positive side spacer  2035  and output manifold  2040 . As depicted an inlet port  2040 A coupled to the positive fluidic capacitor of the EL-PUMP couples fluid into a chamber  2040 B of the output manifold  2040 . This fluid is then coupled via the first opening  2035 C within the positive side spacer  2035  to the second opening  2035 B when the piston is not adjacent the positive side spacer  2015  and blocked when the piston is adjacent the positive side spacer  2035 . Fluid coupled to the second opening  2035 B then flows via channel  2040 D within the output manifold  2040  before flowing out the output port  2040 C. Also disposed within the positive side spacer  2035  are openings  2035 A which link to the output port  2040 C and thereby to similar openings within the positive side gasket actuator body  2025  and positive side spacer  2035  (as noted supra having through ports  2020 C). 
     Accordingly, with the piston within the EL-VALVE towards the return manifold  2015  fluid from the positive fluidic capacitor of the EL-PUMP is coupled to fluidic actuators coupled to the appropriate output port  2040 C. When the piston within the EL-VALVE is then towards the output manifold  2040  fluid is withdrawn from the fluidic actuators coupled to the appropriate output port  2040 C and coupled to the negative fluidic capacitor of the EL-PUMP. 
     Referring to  FIG. 22  there is depicted a gate valve design to replace the gasket valve elements forming part of piston based actuators according to embodiments of the invention. Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 21  a valve opening consists of a pair of “D” shaped openings which are either exposed or blocked by the piston within the valve. As noted supra these “D” shaped openings may be implemented as raised portions  1710  as depicted in  FIG. 17  wherein raised portion  1710  provides for a fluidic seal against the piston. In contrast, a gate valve  2220  according to an embodiment of the invention blocks/allows fluid flow from one side of the valve to the other, i.e. from first opening  2250  to second opening  2260  for example, based upon whether the piston  2210  engages the central ridge  2240 . As depicted in  FIG. 23  a plurality of gates  2320  may be provided upon a gasket  2310 . 
     Now referring to  FIGS. 24 to 27  there are depicted valve assembly variants according to embodiments of the invention. Considering initially valve assembly  2400  in  FIG. 24  comprises first and second body portions  2410  and  2420  respectively and central body  2430  which define inlet and outlet openings that are selectively blocked/unblocked by pivotable stem  2440  which is driven to close either the port between first body portion  2410  and central body  2430  or the port between the second body portion  2420  and central body  2430  by first and second electromagnetic assemblies disposed within the first and second body portions  2410  and  2420  respectively, each comprising a coil  2460  and magnet  2470 . The pivotable stem  2440  being mounted upon pivot  2450 . Above the pivotable stem  2440  is an opening to an actuator (not identified by a reference numeral). 
     Within  FIG. 24  the pivotable stem  2440  is metal whilst within  FIG. 25  within valve assembly  2500  a magnet  2510  is disposed within the pivotable stem  2440 . Optionally, a variety of magnet/metal (iron) combinations are possible as is replacing the metal of the pivotable stem  2440  with plastic such that a magnet is embedded within a plastic casing. Optionally, single or multiple coils may be employed as well as single or multiple magnets etc. Within other embodiments of the invention the pivotable stem  2440  may be latched into position when switched. This latching may employ a variety of means including, but not limited to, a spring or springs, a flexible member, a snap fitting etc. 
     Within  FIG. 26  a valve assembly  2600  is depicted wherein the first and second body portions  2610  and  2620  respectively and central body  2630  which define inlet and outlet openings that are selectively blocked/unblocked by pivotable stem  2640 . However, now the magnets  2650  and electromagnetic coils  2660  are separated with the coils  2660  at the distal end of the pivotable stem  2640  from the ports being opened/closed where the magnets  2650  are disposed. Alternatively, as depicted in  FIG. 27  with valve assembly  2700  the magnets  2710  and coils  2720  are both disposed towards the distal end of the pivotable stem  2730  from the ports being opened/closed. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 28  there are depicted first to fourth views  2800 A to  2800 D respectively of a double-ended FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention wherein a pump  2820  is disposed within a handle  2810  with first and second fluidic actuators  2830  and  2840  at either end. Accordingly, the grow or shrink in perfect out of phase motion as depicted through first to fourth views  2800 A to  2800 D respectively. Accordingly, the device depicted has no “reservoir” but has two “phallic” ends for use by two people or one. Optionally, the body may be longer with a flexible geometry to allow the device to flex and/or bend with the pump disposed at one end of that central body or a series of pumps are sequentially connected such that they similarly flex or bend as a chain with the body of the device. 
     Accordingly, the FLUDEV in  FIG. 28  without a reservoir means that one end grows as the other shrinks thereby allowing the weight and volume of the reservoir to be removed from the device. Within another embodiment of the invention a smaller reservoir than that necessary to fill both actuators may be provided such that both actuators, or the number of actuators within the device, cannot be empty or full at the same time. Exemplary configurations for a fluidic system for shrinking one reservoir and expanding the other reservoir are depicted in  FIGS. 35 to 42  respectively although other configurations may be implemented. 
       FIG. 29A  depicts a FLUDEV in image  2900 A according to an embodiment of the invention providing vibration, pressure, axial extension; and radial dilation. As depicted the FLUDEV comprises first and second handle portions  2910 , reservoir  2920 , fluidic switch housing  2930 , first actuator  2940 , extended actuator arm  2950 , and second actuator  2960 . The FLUDEV in image  2900 A is depicted without a casing with respect to the first actuator  2940 , extended actuator arm  2950 , and second actuator  2960 . Within  FIG. 29B  in second image  2900 B the FLUDEV is depicted in cross-section wherein the first and second handle portions  2910 , reservoir  2920 , fluidic switch housing  2930 , first actuator  2940 , extended actuator arm  2950 , and second actuator  2960  are again visible. Within the fluidic switch housing  2930  is a three element fluidic switch array (3EL-SWITCH)  2970  exploiting switch elements having similar design to that depicted with respect to the 6-element switch array (“6-shooter”) described supra in respect of  FIGS. 13-19  respectively and the 3-element piston array described supra in respect of  FIGS. 19-23  respectively. The 3EL-SWITCH  2970  having a configuration of three elements in a triangular array, as depicted in insert  2900 C, rather than disposed radially as in  FIGS. 13-18  respectively or linearly as in  FIGS. 19-23  respectively. Accordingly, as depicted the 3EL-SWITCH  2970  has first to third switches  2970 A to  2970 C respectively disposed within. 
     Accordingly, disposed at one end of the three elements is a first manifold coupling fluid from the positive side of the pump assembly comprising first inlet/outlet element  2940 A, second inlet/outlet element  2940 B, and EL-PUMP  2940 C to the three elements. Disposed on the other end of the three elements is a second manifold coupling to the negative side of the pump assembly. Accordingly, actuation of an element to move the piston within element away from the end with the first manifold to the second manifold couples fluid from the positive side of the EL-PUMP  2940 C to the fluidic actuator(s) it is attached to such that the EL-PUMP  2940 C pumps fluid into the fluidic actuator(s). Actuation of the piston in the element away from the second manifold to the first manifold couples the actuator to the negative side of the EL-PUMP  2940 C such that fluid is removed from the fluidic actuator(s). Accordingly, actuation of each element in the 3EL-SWITCH  2970  results in fluid being pumped into or pumped from the fluidic actuator(s) it is coupled to. Reference to “positive side” being a convention employed by the inventor and within this specification refers to the side of the fluidic circuit wherein fluid is pumped from a reservoir or other portion of the fluidic circuit into a fluidic actuator whilst reference to the “negative side” through the convention employed by the inventor and within this specification refers to the side of the fluidic circuit wherein fluid is pumped to a reservoir or other portion of the fluidic circuit from a fluidic actuator. 
     Accordingly, referring to  FIG. 30  there are depicted first to third cross-sectional perspective views  3000 A to  3000 C respectively of the FLUDEV of  FIG. 29A  according to an embodiment of the invention showing the internal fluidic geometry of the extended actuator arm from the 3EL-SWITCH. First to third cross-sectional perspective views  3000 A to  3000 C respectively being successively further from the viewpoint of the user with respect to the FLUDEV. Accordingly, within first cross-sectional perspective view  3000 A depicts the extended actuator arm  2950  with second actuator  2960  wherein a first fluidic coupling  2950 A couples the first fluidic port  2950 B of the extended actuator arm  2950  to the second switch  2970 B of the 3EL-SWITCH. The first fluidic port  2950 B allowing fluid to couple from the fluidic circuit to a skin or casing disposed around the extended actuator arm  2950  either locally to the first fluidic port  2950 B or along a predetermined portion of the extended actuator arm  2950 . 
     In second cross-sectional perspective view  3000 B there are again depicted the extended actuator arm  2950  with second actuator  2960  wherein a second fluidic coupling  2950 C couples a third fluid coupling  2950 D and therein would actuate the second actuator  2960  by moving a connecting rod (not shown for clarity) which is coupled to the second actuator  2960  and has a portion disposed within the third fluid coupling  2950 D. The second fluidic coupling  2950 C is coupled to the third switch  2970 C of the 3EL-SWITCH. Third cross-sectional perspective view  3000 C depicts the extended actuator arm  2950  with second actuator  2960  wherein a fourth fluidic coupling  2950 F couples a second fluidic port  2950 G of the extended actuator arm  2950  to the first switch  2970 A of the 3EL-SWITCH. The first fluidic port  2950 G allowing fluid to couple from the fluidic circuit to a skin or casing disposed around the extended actuator arm  2950  either locally to the first fluidic port  2950 G or along a predetermined portion of the extended actuator arm  2950 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 31A  there is depicted a location of a pressure relief valve within the FLUDEV of  FIGS. 29A to 30  respectively according to an embodiment of the invention allowing the FLUDEV to operate in “open” loop mode. A FLUDEV without a pressure relief valve requires the controller to manage pumping fluid and coupling it to/from the actuators in order for either the EL-PUMP to not “stall” as it cannot pump against the pressure already within the fluidic circuit or for one or more of the actuators to fail as they exceed their maximum pressure. Accordingly, the controller of the FLUDEV selectively activates the fluidic switches so that fluid is coupled into and out of the actuators so that the pressure is maintained. However, with a pressure relief valve the FLUDEV can pump fluid in an “open” loop configuration without any feedback as once the predetermined threshold pressure of the pressure relief valve is reached a fluidic port between the positive and negative sides of the fluidic circuit (e.g. bypassing the output (positive) side of the EL-PUMP to the input (negative) side of the EL-PUMP without going through the fluidic actuators, switches etc. In  FIG. 31A  in first and second images  3100 A and  3100 B respectively the pressure relief valve is depicted as only the valve opening  3110  without the valve body for clarity. 
     In  FIG. 31B  the geometry of the pressure relief valve with valve element according to the design depicted in  FIG. 31A  within first and second images  3100 A and  3100 B respectively for an embodiment of the invention is presented in third and fourth images  3100 C and  3100 D. Accordingly, the valve body  3120  is depicted with valve opening  3110  in third image  3100 C in perspective exploded cross-sectional view whilst fourth image  3100 D depicts the side elevation of the valve body  3120 . Accordingly, below the trigger pressure the valve seat  3125  of the valve body  3120  is against the low pressure side surface  3115  of the FLUDEV. When the trigger pressure is reached the pressure within the valve opening  3110  pushes the valve seat  3125  away from the low pressure side surface  3115  of the FLUDEV. The valve opening  3110  comprises as depicted a central opening within which the central stem of the valve body  3120  is retained and can move. Disposed at four points around the periphery of the central opening are secondary openings. The dimensions of the secondary openings and thickness of the valve seat  3125  allows for the trigger pressures at which the pressure relief valve “cracks” (opens) and “reseals” (closes) can be adjusted as well as the flow rate through the pressure relief valve when open. Referring to Table 1 below the crack and reseal pressures of pressure relief valves with varying preload (thickness of the valve seat geometry). 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Performance of Pressure Relief Valves 
               
               
                 versus Thickness of Valve Seat Geometry 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Preload 
                 Crack Pressure (psi) 
                 Reseal Pressure (psi) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 0.060″ 
                 9.5 
                 8.0 
               
               
                 0.050″ 
                 8.5 
                 7.5 
               
               
                 0.045″ 
                 7.0 
                 6.0 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Now referring to  FIG. 32A  there is depicted an exemplary geometry of the actuator  3200  for the extended actuator arm of the FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention as depicted in  FIGS. 29A to 30  respectively. The actuator  3200  depicted in first and fourth perspective cross-sectional views  3200 A to  3200 D which respectively comprise: 
     First perspective cross-sectional view  3200 A comprising extended actuator arm  2950  with second actuator  2960  (linking element between extended actuator arm  2950  and second actuator  2960  omitted for clarity); 
     Second perspective cross-sectional view  3200 B comprising barrier  3230 ; 
     Third perspective cross-section view  3200 C comprising bladder  3240 ; and 
     Fourth perspective cross-section view  3200 D wherein the bladder  3240  is depicted comprising sock  3210  with zigzag features  3220 . 
     The barrier  3230  prevents fluid from the fluidic circuit of which the extended actuator arm  2950  forms part leaking/bleeding through reducing the volume of fluid within the fluidic circuit. Accordingly, this allows for a wider selection base for the materials for the bladder  3240  as the bladder  3240  is now not required to eliminate fluidic movement through it as well as allowing for the bladder  3240  to be constructed in different geometries and from different materials without consideration of compatibility with the fluid in the fluidic system, porosity, etc. Accordingly, as depicted the bladder  3240  is formed from a sock  3210  and zigzag features  3220 . The sock  3210  is formed from a material which has a low Young&#39;s modulus, i.e. it is elastic, whereas the zigzag features  3220  are formed from a material which has a higher Young&#39;s modulus, i.e. it is not elastic. Accordingly, as the sock  3120  expands under the pressure of the fluid the zigzag features “unfold” until they are fully open (unfolded) at which point they limit further motion. The barrier  3230  is similarly formed of a low Young&#39;s modulus material such that it expands with the fluid. If the zigzag features  3220  are all identical then the sock  3210  will expand in the same manner along its length. 
     However, if some zigzag features  3220  are dimensioned differently then they will limit motion of the sock  3210  at a different expansion point to the other zigzag features  3220 . If the zigzag feature  3220  is already fully expanded or unfolded at the initial diameter of the sock  3210  around the extended actuator arm  2950  then these sections of the bladder  3240  will not change in diameter as fluid flows within the extended actuator arm  2950  and barrier  3230 . In this manner, through adjusting the properties/dimensions of the zigzag features  3230  then bladder  3240  can be considered to be in different sections linked to different fluidic channels within the extended actuator arm  2950 . The absence of zigzag features  3220  within the end of the sock  3210  and hence bladder  3240  allows the second actuator to extend out and increase the length of that portion of the device. 
     Accordingly, the combination of a low Young&#39;s modulus sock  3210  with high Young&#39;s modulus zigzag features  3220  results in a bladder  3240  which expands rapidly with low resistance until the zigzag features  3220  are fully unfolded at which point the bladder  3240  exhibits a high resistance to further expansion. In this manner a bladder  3240  may comprise multiple sections each offering low initial resistance until the zigzag elements are unfolded with the range of expansion defined by the zigzag elements. These multiple sections may be coupled to different fluidic portions of the fluidic circuit or to a common fluidic port. Resilient zigzag elements may provide for differentiation of sections such that, for example, the sections of the bladder linked to the first fluidic port  2950 B and second fluidic port  2950 G are independent with the dimension of the portion of bladder with these resilient zigzag elements does not change as fluid flows out from or back into the first fluidic port  2950 B and second fluidic port  2950 G, for example. 
     Within embodiments of the invention the zigzag elements are typically formed from a different elastomeric material to those of the sock. However, in other embodiments of the invention the zigzag elements and sock may be formed from a common elastomeric material but processed differently to achieve the different mechanical properties. In such embodiments the zigzag elements and sock are therefore the same piece part and the zigzag elements are not essentially embedded but sections of the sock. For example, localized thermal processing and/or chemical processing may provide the desired change in mechanical properties of the common material to define the zigzag elements within the overall sock. 
     Accordingly, an actuator can be designed to expand as an elastomer without zigzag elements such that there is no limiting the stretch mechanism and accordingly the controller within the FLUDEV is programmed so that the valves (fluidic switches) do not overfill the otherwise ever expanding actuator. However, in the event of a program failure then the FLUDEV would continue pumping fluid into the actuator wherein if the actuator failure point with respect to pressure is below the pressure the FLUDEV can generate within the actuator before the EL-PUMP etc. stall then the actuator will fail. However, by exploiting embodiments of the invention such as those described and depicted in respect of  FIG. 32  then the actuator can be designed to handle the maximum generatable pressure within the FLUDEV such that the actuator does not rupture or fail irrespective of how long the controller seeks to fill the actuator as the maximum pressure generatable by the FLUDEV is below the failure threshold of the actuator. 
     The inventors note that where actuators are implemented without such zigzag elements to limit expansion, or even in other instances where they are employed, it may be beneficial to form the actuator portions that expand from one or more cross linked elastomers, e.g. a thermoset rubber for example, as this will limit the overall stretch within the actuator after repeated stretching. As noted above with a purely elastic actuator solution, i.e. one without a zigzag element or a non-elastic thread or low elasticity thread etc. formed within the actuator to limit expansion then the actuator will expand until the controller stops pumping more liquid in, but this solution has the advantage that by controlling what pressure the balloon is filled with, or how much volume is pumped into the actuator, one can control how big the device gets. If operated at lower pressure(s), the device typically does not get as big. However, with the zigzag or thread approach there is little size difference between say 4 psi and 7 psi as the actuator may be, for example, 90% full with 4 psi and only grows slightly more at 8 psi. However, the benefit is that rapid motion can be achieved with relatively small pressure changes in contrast to the purely elastic actuator. Hence, a design with zigzag elements within the sock will rapidly expand to maximum dimensions before the zigzag elements abruptly reduce the rate of subsequent expansion. Accordingly, depending upon the desired functionality of the actuator different designs may be employed within the same FLUDEV. 
     Referring to  FIG. 32B  in first image  3200 E a single zigzag element  3260  is depicted. The cross-sectional geometry of the zigzag element, a radial zigzag element  3260  which allows expansion radially, is rectangular although it would be evident that within other embodiments of the invention the cross-sectional geometry may be square, circular, elliptical, a regular polygon, or an irregular polygon for example. Within second image  3200 F a sock  3210  is depicted formed from a low Young&#39;s modulus material with series of axial zigzag elements  3270  disposed longitudinally within it. Without extension of the sock  3210  the elements  3270  are in a zigzag format longitudinally along the sock  3210  and extend as the sock expands before they reach their full extent and stop the sock  3210 . In third image  3200 G a sock  3210  is depicted comprising zigzag elements  3260  in one portion and axial zigzag elements  3270  within another portion. Whilst the elements within the sock have been described as zigzag this is employed within this description to provide the reader with a mental visualization of what a high Young&#39;s modulus element in unexpanded format may resemble before the sock expands straightening the zigzag element. It would be evident that the zigzag elements may fold in only one direction (supporting radial or axial expansion for example) or in two directions (supporting radial and axial expansion concurrently). The zigzag elements may be formed from a harder plastic, for example a nylon or a higher durometer elastomer, such that they are embedded within a softer plastic, e.g. a lower durometer elastomer. Accordingly, by appropriate selection of the materials the zigzag elements may prevent any additional extension once extended, provide for directional control of stretch, or reduce the rate of extension once the elements reach their fullest extension. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 33A and 33B  there are depicted first to seventh images  3300 A to  3300 G of the extended actuator arm  2950 . First and fourth images  3300 A and  3300 D respectively depict the extended actuator arm  2950  with the first fluidic port  2950 B, second fluidic coupling  2950 C, third fluidic coupling  2950 D, and second fluidic port  2950 G together with mounting  2950 H. Second and third images  3300 B and  3300 C respectively depicted cross-sections along vertical section X-X and horizontal section Y-Y respectively and show the internal structure in a similar manner as the first to third cross-sectional perspective views  3000 A to  3000 C respectively in  FIG. 30  linking the bladder  3240  which fits over the extended actuator arm  2950  but is not depicted for clarity to the fluidic switches in the body of the FLUDEV to which the extended actuator arm  2950  is joined via mounting flange  2950 H. 
     In  FIG. 33B  the fifth to seventh images  3300 E to  3300 G respectively depict the extended actuator arm  2950  through first to third section planes A to C respectively. Accordingly, these depict: 
     Fifth image  3300 E along first section plane A showing the first fluidic port  2950 B, second fluidic coupling  2950 C and third fluidic coupling  2950 D; 
     Sixth image  3300 F along second section plane B showing the second fluidic coupling  2950 C, third fluidic coupling  2950 D, and second fluidic port  2950 G; and 
     Seventh image  3300 G along third section plane C through the mounting flange  2950 H. 
     Now referring in  FIG. 34  there is depicted an inlet/outlet (I/O) non-return valve (NRV) assembly for an EL-PUMP according to an embodiment of the invention providing low noise operation through fluidic flow management. First image  3400 A depicts a plan view of the I/O NRV assembly comprising body  3410 , first port  3420  (an input or output according to fluidic circuit attached to the I/O valve assembly and second port  3430  (another input or output or the other of output or input). The valve covers for the first port  3420  and second port  3430  are omitted for clarity. If the valve cover is on the outside of the I/O NRV assembly, then the port is an outlet as the NRV will open as fluid flows from inside to outside whereas if the valve cover is on the inside then the port is an inlet as the NRV will open as fluid flows from outside to inside. Third image  3400 C depicts the I/O NRV assembly in perspective view with body  3410  and first port  3420 . 
     However, second image  3400 B depicts a variant design of the I/O NRV assembly wherein the ports of the first port  3420  and second port  3430  are profiled in order to reduce device noise arising from fluidic flow effects within the EL-PUMP. By appropriate design the ports also reduce pressure drop across them. The first and second ports  3420  and  3430  as depicted comprise four annular sections with four “spokes” supporting the central portion within which the valve stem of the valve cover is inserted. The number of sections may vary but the profile is established to direct fluid flow. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 35 and 36  there is depicted a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with both switches couple to both actuators and positive/negative flow reservoirs. Accordingly, a first port  3510  at a pressure P1 and a second port  3520  at a pressure P2 are depicted, where P2&gt;P1. First port  3510  is coupled to first and second I/O NRV assemblies  3535 A and  3535 B at either end of a first electromagnetically driven fluidic switch (EL-SW) whilst the second port  3520  is coupled to third and fourth I/O NRV assemblies  3545 A and  3545 B at either end of a second EL-SW  3540 . From first EL-SW  3530  the other port of each of the first and second I/O NRV assemblies  3535 A and  3535 B are coupled to Actuator 2  3560  and Actuator 1  3550  respectively. Similarly, from second EL-SW  3540  the other port of each of the third and fourth I/O NRV assemblies  3545 A and  3445 B are coupled to Actuator 1  3550  and Actuator 2  3560  respectively. 
     Within the following description in respect of  FIGS. 35 to 42  an I/O NRV is referred to as “closed” when the piston within the EL-SW is towards that end of the EL-SW so that the piston blocks the openings that allow fluid to flow from the input port of the I/O NRV to the output port of the I/O NRV. Similarly, the I/O NRV is referred to as “open” when the piston within the EL-SW is towards the other end of the EL-SW so that the piston is not blocking the openings that allow fluid to flow from the input port of the I/O NRV to the output port of the I/O NRV. Further, reference to an actuator being “actuated” implies that the fluidic system is providing or has provided fluid to the actuator to actuate it. Reference to an actuator being “not actuated” implies that the fluidic system is not providing fluid to it but has withdrawn or is withdrawing fluid.  FIGS. 35 to 42  depict snapshots of an operating sequence such that the “flow” arrows within the following description in respect of  FIGS. 35 to 42  depict that at the specific snapshot for a system sequentially “pressurizing” each actuator wherein first port  3710  (P1) and second port  3720  (P2) are coupled to the fluidic system such that P2 “pumps” fluid into the fluidic system shown whilst P1 “pumps” fluid out of the fluidic system. 
     In  FIG. 35  the first EL-SW  3530  is depicted in the position that first I/O NRV  3535 A is closed and second I/O NRV  3535 B is open such that Actuator 1  3550  is coupled to first port  3510 . Similarly, second EL-SW  3540  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3454 A is open and fourth I/O NRV  3545 B closed such that Actuator 2  3560  is coupled to second port  3520 . For example, within an embodiment of the invention P1=0 psi and P2=7 psi such that P2−P1=7 psi whilst within another embodiment of the invention P1=−10 psi and P2=−3 psi such that P2−P1=7 psi still. If P2=7 psi and P1=0 psi then the configuration depicted in  FIG. 35  results in Actuator 2  3560  being actuated (i.e. its pressure being now P2) but not Actuator 1  3550  (its pressure being P1). Now referring to  FIG. 36 , the first EL-SW  3530  is depicted in the position that first I/O NRV  3535 A is open and second I/O NRV  3535 B is closed such that Actuator 2  3560  is coupled to first port  3510 . Similarly, second EL-SW  3540  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3545 A is closed and fourth I/O NRV  3545 B open such that Actuator 1  3550  is coupled to second port  3520 . Accordingly, in the configuration depicted in  FIG. 36  Actuator 1  3550  is actuated (i.e. its pressure being now P2) but not Actuator 2  3560  (its pressure being P1). 
     Referring to  FIGS. 37 and 38  there is depicted a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with both switches couple to both actuators and positive/negative flow reservoirs. Accordingly, a first port  3710  at a pressure P1 and a second port  3720  at a pressure P2 are depicted, where P2&gt;P1. First port  3710  is coupled to first I/O NRV assembly  3735 A of first EL-SW  3730  and third I/O NRV assembly  3745 A of second EL-SW  3740 . Second port  3720  is coupled to second I/O NRV assembly  3735 B of the first EL-SW  3530  and the fourth I/O NRV  3745 B of the second EL-SW  3740 . From first EL-SW  3730  the other port of each of the first and second I/O NRV assemblies  3735 A and  3735 B are coupled to Actuator 2  3760 . Similarly, from second EL-SW  3740  the other port of each of the third and fourth I/O NRV assemblies  3745 A and  3745 B are coupled to Actuator 1  3750 . 
     In  FIG. 37  the first EL-SW  3730  is depicted in the position that first I/O NRV  3735 A is closed and second I/O NRV  3735 B is open such that Actuator 2  3750  is coupled to second port  3720 . Similarly, second EL-SW  3540  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3454 A is open and fourth I/O NRV  3745 B closed such that Actuator 1  3750  is coupled to first port  3710 . Accordingly, in the configuration depicted in  FIG. 37  Actuator 2  3760  is actuated (i.e. its pressure being now P2) but not Actuator 1  3750  (its pressure being P1). Then, referring to  FIG. 38 , the first EL-SW  3730  is depicted in the position that first I/O NRV  3735 A is open and second I/O NRV  3735 B is closed such that Actuator 2  3760  is coupled to first port  3710 . Similarly, second EL-SW  3740  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3754 A is closed and fourth I/O NRV  3745 B open such that Actuator 1  3750  is coupled to second port  3720 . Accordingly, in the configuration depicted in  FIG. 38  Actuator 1  3750  is actuated (i.e. its pressure being now P2) but not Actuator 2  3760  (its pressure being P1). 
     Referring to  FIGS. 39 and 40  there is depicted a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with both switches couple to both actuators and positive/negative flow reservoirs. Accordingly, a first port  3910  at a pressure P1 and a second port  3920  at a pressure P2 are depicted, where P2&gt;P1. First port  3910  is coupled to first I/O NRV assembly  3935 A of first EL-SW  3930  and third I/O NRV assembly  3945 A of second EL-SW  3940 . Second port  3920  is coupled to second I/O NRV assembly  3935 B of the first EL-SW  3930  and the fourth I/O NRV  3945 B of the second EL-SW  3940 . From first EL-SW  3930  the other port of each of the first and second I/O NRV assemblies  3935 A and  3935 B are coupled to Actuator 2  3960 . Similarly, from second EL-SW  3940  the other port of each of the third and fourth I/O NRV assemblies  3945 A and  3945 B are coupled to Actuator 1  3950 . Additionally, Actuator 2  3960  is coupled to a non-return relief valve (NRRV)  3970  which then couples to the fourth I/O NRV  3945 B. 
     In  FIG. 39  the fluidic system is depicted at a snapshot where the first EL-SW  3930  is depicted with first I/O NRV  3935 A is open and second I/O NRV  3935 B is closed such that Actuator 2  3960  is coupled to first port  3910 . Similarly, second EL-SW  3940  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3454 A is closed and fourth I/O NRV  3945 B open such that Actuator 1  3950  is coupled to second port  3920 . In the snapshot depicted in  FIG. 39  Actuator 2  3960  was previously coupled to P2  3920  such that it “is” at pressure P2 whilst Actuator 1  3950  was previously coupled to P1  3910  such that it “is” at pressure P1. Accordingly, at the point second EL-SW  3940  switches to couple Actuator 1  3950  to P1  3920  then the fluidic circuit between the second EL-SW  3940  to Actuator 1  3950  is at P1, i.e. a low pressure initially and the pressure at the input of the fourth I/O NRV  3945 B as flow begins causes the pressure at that point to be below P2. 
     As a result of the pressure differential now across NRRV  3970  it opens such that fluid from Actuator 2  3960  flows for a short period of time through the NRRV  3970  to the fourth I/O NRV  3945 B. Subsequently, at a snapshot later in time as depicted in  FIG. 40  the pressure drop across the NRRV  3970  reduces and reverses as the pressure of the fluid within Actuator 2  3960  drops. Accordingly, the NRRV  3970  closes and now Actuator 1  3950  is filled solely from the fluid flowing from second port  3920  through fourth I/O NRV  3945 B. As a result of the fluidic circuit depicted in  FIGS. 39 and 40  then as a configuration change from actuating a first actuator to a second actuator occurs then an initial rapid fluid flow arises from the first actuator to the second actuator directly without requiring the fluid to flow through the full fluidic circuit via the pump or pumps etc. It would be evident that the NRRV  3970  also prevents fluid flowing from the second port  3920  to the Actuator 2  3960  when this is at lower pressure than P2, the pressure at second port  3920 . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 41 and 42  there is depicted a configuration of dual fluidic switches in combination with dual fluidic actuators according to an embodiment of the invention with both switches couple to both actuators and positive/negative flow reservoirs. Accordingly, a first port  4110  at a pressure P1 and a second port  4120  at a pressure P2 are depicted, where P2&gt;P1. First port  4110  is coupled to first I/O NRV assembly  4135 A of first EL-SW  4130  and third I/O NRV assembly  4145 A of second EL-SW  4140 . Second port  4120  is coupled to second I/O NRV assembly  4135 B of the first EL-SW  4130  and the fourth I/O NRV  4145 B of the second EL-SW  4140 . From first EL-SW  4130  the other port of each of the first and second I/O NRV assemblies  4135 A and  4135 B are coupled to Actuator 2  4160 . Similarly, from second EL-SW  4140  the other port of each of the third and fourth I/O NRV assemblies  4145 A and  4145 B are coupled to Actuator 1  4150 . Additionally, Actuator 2  4160  is coupled to third EL-SW  4170  which then couples to the fourth I/O NRV  4145 B. 
     In  FIG. 41  the fluidic system is depicted at a snapshot where the first EL-SW  4130  is depicted with first I/O NRV  4135 A is open and second I/O NRV  4135 B is closed such that Actuator 2  4160  is coupled to first port  4110 . Similarly, second EL-SW  4140  is depicted in the position that third I/O NRV  3454 A is closed and fourth I/O NRV  4145 B open such that Actuator 1  4150  is coupled to second port  4120 . In the snapshot depicted in  FIG. 41  Actuator 2  4160  was previously coupled to P2  4120  such that it “is” at pressure P2 whilst Actuator 1  4150  was previously coupled to P1  4110  such that it “is” at pressure P1. Accordingly, at the point second EL-SW  4140  switches to couple Actuator 1  4150  to P1  4120  then the fluidic circuit between the second EL-SW  4140  to Actuator 1  4150  is at P1, i.e. a low pressure initially and the pressure at the input of the fourth I/O NRV  4145 B as flow begins causes the pressure at that point to be below P2. 
     If at this point third EL-SW  4170  is opened then fluid from Actuator 2  4160  flows through the third EL-SW  4170  to the fourth I/O NRV  4145 B. Subsequently, at a snapshot later in time the pressure drop across the third EL-SW  4170  reduces and would reverse as the pressure of the fluid within Actuator 2  4160  drops and that within Actuator 1  4150  rises. Accordingly, the third EL-SW  4170  closes and now Actuator 1  4150  is filled solely from the fluid flowing from second port  4120  through fourth I/O NRV  4145 B. In contrast to the fluidic circuit depicted in  FIGS. 39 and 40  when at a later point in time Actuator 1  4150  “is” at pressure P2 whilst Actuator 2  4160  “is” at pressure P1 then as the first and second EL-SWs  4130  and  4140  are switched to route fluid to “empty” Actuator 1  4150  and “fill” Actuator 2  4160  then activating third El-SW  4170  results in fluid flowing through third El-SW  4170  from Actuator 1  4150  to Actuator 2  4160 . Again, under action of the controller within the FLUDEV the third EL-SW  4170  is subsequently closed as the fluid pressure within Actuator 1  4150  reduces to less than that within Actuator 2  4160  such that the fluid flow does not reverse against the desired flow for the current operation of the FLUDEV within which the fluidic circuit depicted in  FIGS. 41 and 42  respectively. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 43  there is depicted an inner mechanical element of an extended actuator arm together with single elasticated shell with non-elastic rings to define different actuators sections and outer casing according to an embodiment of the invention. Such an extended actuator arm being similar to that depicted and described in respect of  FIGS. 33A and 33B  respectively. First image  4300 A depicts the extended actuator arm  4300  which is depicted in second to fourth images  4300 B to  4300 D along section lines X-X, Y-Y, and Z-Z respectively as depicted in first image  4300 A. Accordingly, the extended actuator arm  4300  comprises a plurality of fluidic channels which each connect from the main body of the FLUDEV with the pump, valves, reservoir etc. to an opening either along the external length of the extended actuator arm, e.g. first opening  4310 , or its end, second opening  4320 . Disposed along the length of the extended actuator arm  4300  are three grooves  4330 A to  4330 C. When assembled and deployed the extended actuator arm  4300  has a casing  4360  and shell  4370  disposed over it together with first to third rings  4350 A to  4350 C. Each of the first to third rings  4350 A to  4350 C is aligned with and within one of the three grooves  4330 A to  4330 C respectively. Accordingly, each of the first to third rings  4350 A to  4350 C respectively is formed from a material which has a higher Young&#39;s modulus than that of either the shell  4360  and casing  4370  such that when fluid is pumped into a fluidic channel and hence to the opening within the extended actuator arm  4300  the increased pressure results in the fluid causes the shell  4360  and casing  4370  to expand along that section of the extended actuator arm  4300  associated with that fluidic channel as bounded by which of the first to third rings  4350 A to  4350 C are disposed along the extended actuator arm  4300  away from the opening the fluid. The shell  4360  preventing fluid egress whilst the casing  4370  provides the surface against the user&#39;s skin, for example. Optionally, no casing  4370  is provided such that the external surface is the shell  4360  and first to third rings  4350 A to  4350 C respectively. 
     Within the embodiments of the invention described and depicted supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the pump has been primarily described as being an electromagnetic pump (EL-PUMP). However, other pumps may be employed within embodiments of the invention including, but not limited to: 
     Rotary-type positive displacement pumps such as internal gear, screw, shuttle block, flexible vane or sliding vane, circumferential piston, flexible impeller, helical twisted roots, and lobe pumps; 
     Reciprocating-type positive displacement pumps such as piston pumps, plunger pumps or diaphragm pumps; 
     Linear-type positive displacement pumps such as progressive cavity pumps; and 
     Non-positive displacement pumps. 
     Within the embodiments of the invention described and depicted supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 43  the fluidic actuators coupled to the FLUBINTs have not been described and depicted. However, in embodiments of the invention these are a sealed portion of vinyl tubing for example wherein the elastomeric balloon is formed from a process comprising: 
     Sealing first end of elastomeric tube; 
     Seal second end of elastomeric tube; 
     Add nipple to elastomeric tube at appropriate position; 
     Pierce vinyl tubing through nipple. 
     Referring back to  FIG. 12  then the elastomeric tube corresponds to flexible wall  1260  in third image  1200 C and the nipple corresponds to nipple  1240  in first to third images  1200 A to  1200 C respectively which attaches to the opening within the scaffold and/or shell. Accordingly, as noted above the FLUDEV casing, pump, switch/valve assemblies, manifolds, scaffold, shell etc. can all be assembled as these are all defined through mechanically interconnected elements and then the fluidic actuators (balloons) are added to the mechanical assembly before the product is coated with an elastomer outer layer for the casing. 
     Optionally, the vinyl or other material employed to form the flexible “balloons” of the fluidic actuators may be coated with a barrier material (e.g. moisture barrier) to reduce the rate of fluid leakage from the balloons during the lifetime of the FLUDEV such that there is no requirement for the user to refill the fluid. This may be appropriate as the total surface area of the “balloons” and other portions of the fluidic circuit may have overall a large surface area such that even modest barrier penetration rates over a 10-year lifetime, for example, are significant. However, care must be taken with the barrier materials/elastomer etc. in order to allow hydrogen gas generated within the recharging process of the FLUDEV batteries to escape from the device. 
     Alternatively, as depicted in  FIG. 44  there are depicted first and second configurations for attaching a “balloon” of a fluidic actuator directly to a FLUDEV without the user of sealed elastomeric tubes and nipples. Referring to first configuration  4400 A there is depicted a partial cross-section through a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention wherein a scaffold  4460  has a shell (or casing)  4450  disposed around within which are a series of recesses  4440  having a profile that defines an opening in the shell  4450  which is smaller than the remainder of the recess. Fitted within each recess  4440  are tube ribs  4430  which are formed along the surface of the elastomeric sheet  4410 . Accordingly, the tube ribs  4430  are dimensioned so that they are wider distal the elastomeric sheet  4410  than at the point they join the elastomeric sheet  4410 . Accordingly, compression of the tube ribs  4430  and insertion into the recesses  4440  results in the equivalent of a “mortice-and-tenon” type joint such that a predetermined force is required to remove the tube ribs  4430  from their recesses  4440  which is established in dependence upon the material properties of the tube ribs  4430 , casing  4450 , and the geometry of the tube ribs  4430 /recesses  4440 . Accordingly, the region between the elastomeric sheet  4410  and casing  4450  defines a “balloon” fluidic actuator which is coupled to the fluidic circuit, EL-PUMP, EL-VALVE(s) etc. through an opening within the scaffold  4460  and casing  4450  which is not depicted for clarity but has been described above in respect of embodiments of the invention. Optionally, an adhesive or glue may be used to fill the recesses  4440  and increase the retention of the tube ribs  4430  within the recesses  4440  and hence the casing  4450 . 
     Alternatively, as depicted in second configuration  4400 B in  FIG. 44  there is depicted a partial cross-section through a FLUDEV according to an embodiment of the invention wherein a scaffold  4460  has a shell (or casing)  4450  disposed around within which are a series of recesses  4440  having a profile that defines an opening in the shell  4450  which is smaller than the remainder of the recess. Fitted within each recess  4440  are tube ribs  4430  which are formed along the surface of the elastomeric sheet  4410 . Accordingly, the tube ribs  4430  are dimensioned so that they are wider distal the elastomeric sheet  4410  than at the point they join the elastomeric sheet  4410 . Accordingly, compression of the tube ribs  4430  and insertion into the recesses  4440  results in the equivalent of a “mortice-and-tenon” type joint such that a predetermined force is required to remove the tube ribs  4430  from their recesses  4440  which is established in dependence upon the material properties of the tube ribs  4430 , casing  4450 , and the geometry of the tube ribs  4430 /recesses  4440 . Accordingly, the region between the elastomeric sheet  4410  and casing  4450  defines a “balloon” fluidic actuator which is coupled to the fluidic circuit, EL-PUMP, EL-VALVE(s) etc. through an opening within the scaffold  4460  and casing  4450  which is not depicted for clarity but has been described above in respect of embodiments of the invention. However, in contrast to the first configuration  4400 A the scaffold  4460  has a groove  4480  that connects with openings  4470  within the casing  4450  such that if an adhesive or glue is fed into the groove  4480  it flows and fills the openings  4470  and regions between the recesses  4440  and tube ribs  4430 . This “flow” may be by what is commonly known as capillary action or wicking. The openings  4470  may be discrete or they may be along the length of the recesses  4440 . For example, each tube rib  4430  is an annular ring on a “sock” form elastomeric sheet  4410  such that the “balloons” are annular rings that react to the fluidic volume/pressure within them. 
     However, in order to address any leakage of the various elements within the FLUDEV the negative side of the fluidic circuit is coupled to the regions where the leakage occurs. Accordingly, within the FLUDEV described and depicted in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 18  this is the region between the shell/scaffold of the FLUDEV and the casing of the FLUDEV as evident in  FIG. 3  wherein the “outlets” of the negative side of the “6-Shooter”  1400  couple to the region between the scaffold/shell and casing which is coupled to the negative side of the EL-PUMP. Accordingly, whilst not depicted within  FIGS. 1 to 18  the actuated member and/or other portions of the scaffolding/shell may comprise surface grooves and/or texturing allowing fluid accumulating within the casing to be pumped back to the negative side of the fluidic circuit. 
     Such barriers, casing, shell, scaffold, etc. must also be designed from the viewpoint that a typical assembly process will be low temperature/dry whereas the application environment is typically warm/wet. This becomes even more important when considering the EL-PUMP and EL-VALVE portions of the FLUDEV. 
     An additional consideration within a FLADEEV such as that described and depicted in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  is electromagnetic and/or magnetic crosstalk or cross-coupling between the different multiple electromagnetically driven elements and their permanent magnet pistons and washers. Accordingly, in some embodiments of the invention such as the 6-Shooter described and depicted in respect of  FIGS. 12 to 14C  the close proximity required for small footprint EL-VALVE necessitates the introduction of magnetic field blocking. Considering insert  1400 C in  FIG. 14C  then an EL-VALVE  14000  is depicted within the switch body  1440 . As evident within this image and in fact the main images in  FIGS. 14B and 14C  a clear annular region exists around the periphery of each EL-VALVE  14000  within the switch body  1440 . 
     Accordingly, a magnetic shield may be disposed within this region around each EL-VALVE  14000  or a subset of EL-VALVEs  14000  in order to limit electromagnetic and/or magnetic crosstalk between the EL-VALVEs  14000 . Such a magnetic shield may be a section of iron tube/pipe for example, insulated conductive tape wound around the EL-VALVE  14000 , or an injection molded magnetically and/or electrically conductive element. Alternatively, this may be formed from a magnetic shielding material such as a diamagnetic material, for example. This shield or sleeve covers the outside of the washers so has good magnetic connection to washers and to keep magnetic flux contained. It would be evident to one of skill in the art that the more tuned and efficient the switches (valves) become the smaller the surplus latching force and the smaller the excess magnetic force from the coils to flip switch position. Accordingly, the importance of the sleeve/shield increases to isolate the switches from each other. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  and of EL-VALVEs and EL-PUMPs the piston may be magnetic but it may also be a ferromagnetic material such as iron. In these instances, the latching of a valve may be achieved through the use of magnets instead of washers at each end, or alternatively a magnet could just be touching a washer, close to a washer, or even protrude into or beyond the outer washer face. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  EL-VALVEs have been described as connected to a “manifold.” However, it would be evident that within other embodiments of the invention each EL-VALVE may be connected via tubes that run to a common point or are each individually connected to the positive (e.g. +7 psi) and negative (0 psi) reservoirs. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the scaffold has been described as providing a mechanical structure housing the fluidic motor. However, in other embodiments of the invention the scaffold (scaffolding) may not house the fluidic motor but rather could the fluidic motor to the rest of the FLUDEVs frame in a rigid, semi-rigid or flexible manner. Optionally, the fluidic motor may float within the elastomer skin and flex independently to the rest of the FLUDEV&#39;s body. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the FLUDEVs have been described and depicted as having a skin encasing the scaffold/shell/actuators in the different combinations that these are present. However, within other embodiments the FLUDEV may have some regions covered with the skin and others uncovered or alternatively the entire FLUDEV may not have an outer skin. In these instances, the external surface(s) of actuator(s) itself(themselves) may form the external surface of the FLUDEV. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  an EL-PUMP is described as pumping fluid from a reservoir to one or more fluidic actuators. However, within other embodiments of the invention the reservoir could be on the upstream side so that the EL-PUMP is pumping into the reservoir. 
     Optionally, the EL-VALVEs described and depicted within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  may connect fluidic actuators with the positive reservoir or directly to inlet of the pump. 
     Optionally, embodiments of the invention employing a pressure relief valve allow for the EL-PUMP to over driven and have it “ramped” up prior to the opening of an EL-VALVE such that the positive side of the fluidic circuit is at maximum pressure in order to maximize fluid inrush to the actuator through the EL-VALVE and fluidic circuit without requiring a closed loop pump control system and its associated pressure and/or flow monitors. Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the FLUDEVs have been described as having a reservoir or reservoirs. However, within other embodiments of the invention a small reservoir may be provided on the pump outlet by the expansion of the positive side fluidic capacitor diaphragm changing the volume of the fluidic capacitor changes from an interim positive pressure to the positive pressure with the pump activated when the EL-VALVEs open whilst the pump is running slowly. There is a period of time, approximately 1 second in the inventor&#39;s FLUDEVs established to date, to detect pressure loss and ramp the pump up as the flow demand on the pump suddenly changes when the valves open rapidly. The same occurs when the EL-VALVEs are closed in that the pump may be running at 100% power but suddenly the flow demand is reduced when an actuator is full, it becomes static at the rated positive pressure, or a valve is closed when the fluidic actuator is partially full. 
     Optionally, within other embodiments of the invention the fluid from a “full” actuator can be “pulled” from when filling another actuator. This would be, typically, in addition to exploiting the positive side (or negative side) fluidic capacitor diaphragm within these fluidic circuits (when implemented) with or without a distinct single purpose reservoir. A reservoir may be disposed on the pressurized (positive) side of the fluidic circuit and/or the zero pressure or negative pressure (negative) side of the fluidic circuit. Within embodiments of the invention the reservoir may provide low resistance to the removal or addition of fluid to it, alternatively it can have elastic properties which provides a high resistance to increases in its volumes to resist changes in its volume but offers low resistance to volume reductions, or it may be inelastic and offer high resistance to both increases and decreases in volume. 
     Optionally, with an appropriate proportional—integral—derivative controller and fast pressure sensors to quickly detect pressure changes and quickly change power up or down of the pump it may be possible for the positive reservoir to maintain a pressure equal to that of the set-point pressure. of the set PSI, typically 4 to 7 PSI for most users, within a small range +/−0.5 PSI. Optionally, within embodiments of the invention the positive side fluidic capacitor (positive side reservoir) and negative side fluidic capacitor (negative pressure reservoir) may have different volumes and be separate to the overall reservoir for the FLUDEV which must accommodate the difference between the minimum fluid within the fluidic circuit of the FLUDEV (other than the reservoir) and the maximum fluid within the fluidic circuit of the FLUDEV (other than the reservoir). 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the actuator material may be formed by blow molding, dip molding, formed, or employ welded sheets. Alternatively, exploiting multiple shot or increased complexity injection molding tooling, three-dimensional (3D) printing, an additive manufacturing (AM) process, the “lost wax” process, or similar molding technique can be employed to provide actuators with either constant or variable wall thickness, geometry, and elastic properties. 
     Potentially over extended operation at high pressure or pulsed to full pressure repeatedly and higher temperatures (e.g. 40° C.) vinyl tubing or actuators of vinyl sheeting welded together may slowly stretching over time with potential for permanent stretching to occur. Optionally, the fluidic actuators may employ “weldable fabric” which comprises a thin layer of polyurethane or vinyl etc. laminated or sprayed onto thin fabric. Beneficially, the thin fabric is flexible, so it collapses efficiently and/or quickly, and the plastic film makes it water tight. Optionally, thinner actuators may be employed therefore with 0.005″ (0.127 mm) weldable fabric can be used instead of thicker 0.008″ (0.2 mm) to 0.012″ (0.3 MM) or thicker vinyl sheet. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the concept of a moisture barrier was introduced to reduce leakage from the fluidic system within the FLUDEV. One solution is for the casing to be a moisture barrier so the FLUDEV does not dry out over time or require a re-fill cap etc. Alternatively, one could make each part a moisture barrier, so the casing does not have to be. Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  although not described or depicted a permeable membrane may be provided between the outside of FLUDEV and the battery cavity allowing it to breathe through the casing as necessary for rechargeable batteries with the hydrogen they release. Optionally, the external casing can be applied “all-in-one” over a hard scaffold with actuator shells wherein the casing may allow for leaked fluid return to the fluidic circuit. The actuator shells being for example those with zigzag elements, those without zigzag elements, those defined by rigid bands (e.g. compression bands as depicted in  FIG. 43 ), etc. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the insertable portion of the FLUDEV has been described and depicted as being formed from multiple sections that are assembled forming the plurality of fluidic channels wherein the plurality of sections are manufactured separately to one another. Alternatively, with multiple shot or more complex injection molding tooling, three-dimensional (3D) printing, an additive manufacturing (AM) process, the “lost wax” process, or similar molding technique a scaffold may be created in a single part with the internal channels in it. Optionally, an alternative design may employ a hollow outer tube within multiple elastomer or plastic tubes connecting the actuator nipple to the valve. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the FLUDEVs have been described and depicted with a scaffold. However, within other FLUDEVs there may be no scaffold and the device comprises, for example, a elastomer skin over fluidic actuators which has a bit of shape to them and some thickness to their inward facing surfaces, so when collapsed, the internal actuators would give the skin a particular geometry, e.g. a butt plug, and when they are filled with fluid, it would look like a bigger plug, with maybe a prostate bulge. Alternatively, the scaffolding may be employed only in specific regions such as that held by a user, for example wherein the remainder is fluidic actuators with increased thickness than just 0.010″ wall vinyl, for example. Alternatively, the skin could have “arms” that extend into the FLUDEV to occupy space between the thin actuators to give the FLUDEV some shape or body volume when the actuators are “empty.” 
     Within embodiments of the invention the overall “bias” of an actuator(s) may be adjusted by providing a bladder, e.g. one exploiting compressed air, for example, that as inflated expands the actuator(s) and now the fluidic system is adding fluidic to the already partially expanded actuator(s). Such a bladder may be particularly beneficial in FLUDEVs without reservoirs or with low volume reservoirs relative to the overall fluidic system volume. Alternatively, the fluidic system may operate to rapidly expand actuator(s) to a predetermined “start” condition wherein the device variations are then added to this “start” condition. It would also be evident that a bladder may be provided for a second fluidic circuit independent from a first fluidic circuit comprising the EL-PUMP, EL-VALVE(s), actuators etc. This second fluidic circuit may, for example, exploit air whilst the first fluidic circuit employs a liquid. Accordingly, this second fluidic circuit may allow the size of an actuator, actuator arm, shape of a FLUDEV element or elements etc. to be established under user control such that this remains constant independent of operation of the first fluidic circuit. Accordingly, for example considering the device depicted in  FIG. 1  then this may allow for the angle between the first stimulator  120  and actuated member  140  to be adjusted under user control for fit or preference. Optionally, this bladder may allow for accommodation in the reduction of the fluid volume within the first fluidic circuit over time due to an imperfect barrier for the fluid arising from the materials used within the fluidic circuit and/or mechanical tolerances, wear-and-tear etc. 
     Alternatively, the shape/geometry of portions of the FLUDEV may be adjusted through exploitation of the use of one or more thermoplastics within the device. For example, a thermoplastic section disposed at the base of the actuated member  140  at the point the actuated member joins the FLUDEV body may allow for the user to adjust the shape/geometry to allow for customized fit and/or preference. For example, using a thermoplastic such as HDPE for this section would allow the FLUDEV to be inserted into a container with hot water such that the HDPE reaches close to or its softening temperature allowing the section to be deformed with relatively low force. If all other elements of the FLUDEV have higher softening temperatures, then the remaining portions of the FLUDEV are unaffected. Alternatively, the deformable element is raised to the appropriate temperature through exposure to hot air (e.g. hair dryer) or may incorporate heaters allowing the device to be electrically heated in that region for adjustment. 
     Within embodiments of the invention described supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 44  the EL-VALVEs and EL-PUMP are described with a piston sliding within a bobbin around which is wound the coil or coils. Alternatively, a pair of coils could be at the either end of the EL-VALVE, outboard of the piston. Optionally, designs may employ a single coil with two magnets. Each magnet would close a gasket or open in a manner similar to that described in respect of embodiments of the invention and rather than a double ended solution, each magnet would close its own single valve. In this alternative each valve end has its own magnet. Optionally, the ports on the EL-VALVE may be within the side walls of the piston tube such that the fluid flow is perpendicular to the axis of the EL-VALVE when the piston is moved to unblock the ports. This configuration being referred to as a “T” valve configuration rather than a “U” valve configuration wherein the ports are on the end of the EL-VALVE such that fluid flow in/out is along the axis of the EL-VALVE and the fluid undergoes a “U-turn” between inlet and outlet. 
     Whilst within the preceding  FIGS. 1 to 44  the body of the insertable portion has not been described or depicted in detail these may be similar to one or more prior art dildos and/or vibrators and other ADDEVs. The outer surface of an insertable portion of the FLUDEV may be smooth, contoured, grooved, ribbed, and/or comprise bumps and/or nubbies. Optionally, the contours may extend further across the upper surface of the ADDEV or they may be more centrally limited. Optionally, the depth, spacing, and number of grooves may vary as well as their surface profile from symmetric to asymmetric etc. Optionally, the upper surface may be smooth, or it may be profiled by the distribution of nubbies across upper surface regions in some embodiments of the invention. Within others features that have multiple “fingers” or “fronds” may be employed to provide different sensations. Optionally different regions of the ADDEV may have different structures such as nubbies, grooves, smooth areas etc. on the upper central bump as well as its sides. 
     Further, whilst the actuated member was described and depicted with respect to  FIGS. 1 to 18  with 6 FLUBINTs along its length with 4 chambers coupled to 2, 2, 1, and 1 FLUBINTs it would evident that other configurations may be considered and implemented both in terms of the number of FLUBINTs, their positions, the number of chambers coupled to them and the number of FLUBINTs actuated from each chamber within the actuated member. It would be further evident that alternate designs of FLUDEVs may exploit two or more actuated members and/or actuated members in conjunction with non-actuated members or actuated members exploiting convention prior art mechanical vibration elements or alternate vibration/mechanical actuators such as described and depicted by the inventor within their World Patent Application WO/2016/008,032 entitled “Methods and Devices relating to Vibratory Impact Adult Devices” filed Jul. 17, 2015. 
     The FLUDEV may be provided in a range of physical sizes such that, for example, the length of an inserted actuated member (e.g. for vaginal insertion) may be 65 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, or 200 mm for example (2.5″, 3″, 4″, 5″, 6″ or 8″) and its lateral dimensions may be, for example, 15 mm, 25 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, or 75 mm (0.6″, 1″, 1.4″, 1.6″, 2″, or 3″). Similarly, lengths between vaginal and clitoral elements or vaginal and anal elements may be provided in different dimensions. Where an anal insertion element is provided its length and lateral dimensions may be over a similar range as the vaginally inserted portion. Whilst typically the vaginally inserted portion will have limited width variations along its length an anally inserted portion may have larger width variations and may have a length/width ratio lower than the vaginally inserted portion. However, other dimensions, aspect ratios, cross-section geometries etc. may be employed without departing from the scope of the invention. In embodiments of the invention supporting an FLUDEV with separate motor element for placement elsewhere on the user&#39;s body and/or apparel this intermediate flexible drive shaft may be 75 mm, 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, or 300 mm for example (3″, 4″, 5″, 6″, 8″, or 12″) and its lateral dimensions may be, for example, 2.5 mm, 5 mm, 7.5 mm, or 10 mm (0.1″, 0.2″, 0.3″, or 0.4″). 
     Typically, the construction of an FLUDEV such as depicted within embodiments of the invention described in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 18  will employ one or more central scaffolds which provides rigidity to the required portions of the FLUDEV which may be surrounded by a shell and then a casing. Whilst the casing and shell may be transparent or semi-transparent over portions or all of the FLUDEV it is common for the FLUDEV to be opaque. An outer casing may be coloured based upon skin colour tones based upon ethnicity or personal preference, e.g. Caucasian, Negroid, Mongol, light, dark, etc. as well as single colour, binary colour, multiple colour etc. According to the complexity acceptable then the outer casing may be formed from a variety of colours and/or be patterned for a specific design. Typically, such colours will be part of an elastomer or other elastomer employed in forming the casing although in other embodiments of the invention the casing may be coloured once formed and a protective fluid proof, non-toxic, non-abrasive coating formed atop these applied colours. Such instances of applied colours may include metallic lacquers, particulate lacquers for “sparkle”, etc. Exploitation of elastomer coatings for the flexible drive shaft allows similar options although pigmenting of a wide variety of plastics employed in cables etc. may also be employed for outer casings of flexible drive shafts formed from other plastics and/or elastomers. 
     Optionally, the elastomer may be clear and either embedded into the elastomer or a shell of the FLUDEV are LEDs, such as multi-colour LEDs for example, allowing the colour of the FLUDEV to be varied either statically or dynamically, such as for example in response to commands from an associated PED generated in response to controlling ambient light, music, audiovisual content etc. Beneficially, medical grade elastomer is clear thereby removing the requirement for any additional coating (e.g. food grade urethane) in conjunction with pigmented elastomers. Accordingly, an FLUDEV may with medical grade elastomer be clear and formed from an initial sticky soft elastomer, e.g. 20 durometers, with a micro-layer (spray coated for example) of high durometer medical grade elastomer, for example 70-90 durometer, to create “slippery” surface and avoid silky smooth surface that typically requires use of urethane coating. 
     Typically, the casing for the FLUDEV will be formed from a non-toxic, hypoallergenic elastomer to provide a safe smooth surface although some regions of the FLUDEV may be coated, textured and/or finished with a variation from that of the remainder of the casing in order to enhance or promote retention of the FLUDEV against the user&#39;s skin or clothing. Typically, the outer surface of the casing will be formed to provide low friction as well as resistance to lubricants that may or may not be employed. 
     Typically, within the outer elastomer or elastomeric casing is a shell that houses internally, in the embodiments presented, vibratory motors, battery, control circuit and charging port. Within embodiments of the invention other functional elements may be employed for generating physical stimulus, providing user interface, wireless transceiver for communicating to an associated electronic device (PED or FED) or other FLUDEV, etc. Within the description of embodiments of the invention and associated figures such elements are not presented for clarity of description, figures etc. However, such elements may or may not be implemented within embodiments of the invention. Accordingly, the shell may comprise a single chamber or a plurality of chambers and may be formed from a single piece part or multiple piece parts which are connected via the casing and/or discrete or connected by a central portion with different degrees of rigidity range from solid to a living hinge. 
     Optionally, the FLUDEV may employ one, two, three or more motors as well as actuators of one, two or more different technical approaches. For example, one or more vibratory motors may provide high end vibrations whilst one or more vibratory or high impact gear-reduced motors may provide a low frequency “rumble” from larger weighted motors or through controlled frequency offset “throbbing.” Optionally, linear vibratory motors may be disposed within the regions on the outer surface of the recipient&#39;s body or the inserted portion(s) whilst generally rotating asymmetric weight motors are within the shell of the inserted portion(s). Optionally, the outer surface of the FLUDEV may provide electrical stimulation contacts through metal contacts or conductive elastomer pads for example at predetermined locations on the inserted portion as well as the discussion supra in respect the clitoral region. Equally, contacts may be disposed on the lower outer portion of the FLUDEV to engage the recipient&#39;s buttocks. 
     Embodiments of the invention with respect to controlling an FLUDEV such as described within the embodiments of the invention supra in respect of  FIGS. 5 to 18  may employ one or more methodologies as known within the art. Such control may be provided, for example, through a remote control wirelessly connected to the FLUDEV, a PED or FED wirelessly connected to the FLUDEV, a remote control wired to the FLUDEV, and a control interface on the FLUDEV allowing selection of predetermined program. In instances of wireless interfaced controllers, the control may be local, i.e. by a user engaged in a sexual activity involving the FLUDEV, or the control may be remote. 
     A FLUDEV according to embodiments of the invention may exploit an EL-PUMP for filling/pressurizing fluidic actuators. Unlike other pumps an EL-PUMP offers essentially independent control of stroke length, stroke frequency, and pressure over a large control range such that very long and/or complex control patterns can be generated in order to provide varying actuation cycles, degree of actuation, etc. of the multiple fluidic actuators within the FLUDEV. 
     Amongst the issues for users of FLUDEVs is the noise level as in certain instances discreet operation of the device may be desired. Accordingly, whilst the vibrator actuators of the FLUDEVs according to embodiments of the invention are intrinsically quiet unlike their prior art vibratory motor counterparts the EL-PUMP(s) and/or EL-VALVE(s) may require some modifications and/or adaptions to reduce noise within the device. For example, between the 6-Shooter  1400  and Manifold  1030  there are disposed Washers  1470  (or O-rings) formed from a compliant material which act to remove “chatter” between the 6-Shooter  1400  with its oscillating or moving pistons and the actuated member. Such washer or O-ring elements may also be disposed between the inlet of the 6-Shooter  1400  and the outlet port  695  of the wall portion  240 . Additionally, the EL-PUMP is primarily isolated as an element apart from its mounting to the wall portion  240  as depicted in  FIG. 6  and is surrounded by fluid which dampens acoustic vibrations by appropriate properties of the fluid. Accordingly, the isolation of the EL-PUMP may be adjusted by the flexibility/resilience of the mounting of the EL-PUMP to the scaffold/shell of the FLUDEV. 
     The inventors have also established that there are tradeoffs in the selection of the viscosity of the fluid within the FLUDEV with respect to different aspects of the FLUDEV. For example, as the fluid viscosity is varied the EL-PUMP efficiency varies but also so does the noise generated by the NRVs within the EL-PUMP, EL-VALVEs, etc. However, lowest noise performance is not at the same viscosity as maximum EL-PUMP efficiency and accordingly in some FLUDEVs the fluidic viscosity will be geared to low noise (e.g. personal consumer devices such as adult devices for example) rather than device “lifetime” on a battery charge. Further, multiple tradeoffs may be established and hence the fluid viscosity may be established based upon the overall device requirements rather than solely electrical efficiency. It would be beneficial if the selected fluidic viscosity in such tradeoffs sustained laminar flow within the different fluidic elements such as EL-PUMP, EL-VALVE, etc. 
     Embodiments of the invention with respect to powering an FLUDEV such as described within the embodiments of the invention supra in respect of  FIGS. 1 to 18  may employ one or more methodologies as known within the art. For example, the FLUDEV may comprise a rechargeable battery or batteries within the shell which may be of a standard form/type, such as AA, AAA, etc. or custom to the FLUDEV and/or another product. Alternatively, the FLUDEV may employ non-rechargeable batteries and require an access to allow in insertion/removal of the battery or batteries or the FLUDEV may be disposed of once the batteries have been exhausted. Optionally, the FLUDEV may be powered directly from electrical mains supply through a transformer to support extended use or high power requirements not supportable by realistic battery configurations allowing extended use. Where an electrical connection is made to the FLUDEV this may be similarly via a technique known in the prior art such as plug-socket connection, magnetic electrical connectors, etc. 
     Whilst the FLUDEV has been primarily described with respect to an FLUDEV for use in providing stimulation to a female user vaginally/clitorally it would be evident that embodiments of the invention may also be employed providing stimulation of the external vaginal area, labia, perineum, nipples, breasts etc. as well as male perineum, testes, etc. 
     Embodiments of the invention with respect to the FLUDEV such as described within the embodiments of the invention supra may employ a wide flat, “sticky” surface for a predetermined portion of the outer surface for engaging a recipient&#39;s body (e.g. being formed from a low durometer elastomer for example) so that the surface is designed to “stick” to skin, so it stays in place or has higher resistance to motion. This “sticky” surface may be mirror surface, matt or textured for grip. Examples of materials may be those with durometer ideal Shore A10 or lower, Shore A5 or lower, or Shore A1. In some embodiments of the invention a region or regions of the casing may be formed from a gel such as the Ecoflex™ platinum catalyzed elastomers for example certified to ISI 10993-10 for skin irritation/sensitization and having, for example, Shore 00-50 hardness (below the Shore A scale), Shore 00-30 hardness, Shore 00-20 hardness, or Shore 00-10 hardness. Within embodiments of the invention the footprint of the casing may be significantly larger than the shell (mechanical assembly) footprint, larger than the shell print, approximately the same as the shell footprint, and smaller than the shell footprint. Where the shell footprint is larger than the shell footprint its mechanical structure may be such that it does not droop under its weight/gravity when held free, droops a small amount, droops a moderate amount, or droops completely according to the desired characteristics. In embodiments of the invention the casing around the shell may act like a thin sheet (&lt;&lt;1 mm thick), like a fabric or material, like a sheet (˜1 mm), a thick sheet (&gt;1 mm). Optionally, the lower surface of the casing designed for placement against a user&#39;s groin/stomach may be sticky and when washed recover this stickiness in its entirety or in different regions or areas. 
     Optionally, the outer surface which may contact the user may be smooth with low friction to human skin, smooth with minimal friction to human skin, smooth with moderate friction to human skin, smooth with high friction to human skin in its entirety or in different regions or areas. Alternatively, the surface may be smooth, textured, and/or rough and have low friction, negligible friction, moderate friction, and/or high friction in its entirety or in different regions or areas. Optionally, the surface may be textured with low friction to human skin, textured with minimal friction to human skin, textured with moderate friction to human skin, or textured with high friction to human skin in its entirety or in different regions. Optionally, the surface of the casing in its entirety or in different regions or areas may be used in conjunction with disposable sheets that provide adhesion and/or friction in predetermined levels. 
     Within embodiments of the invention the casing, for example formed from elastomer, is the only material surrounding the casing and the surface profile is derived from applying the casing to the contoured surface of the shell. In other embodiments of the invention the surface profile is derived from multiple applications of a single material forming the casing. In other embodiments of the invention an additional material or materials are disposed between the shell and the casing. This, may for example, be a preform formed from the same material as the casing such that the casing is applied as a single or multiple dip coating for example, a preform formed from another elastomer of different characteristics to the casing, a preform formed from a plastic, a preform formed from a low density foam, from a medium density foam, or a high density foam. Alternatively, a combination of materials may be employed such as two or more plastics, two or more foams, a foam and a plastic, a foam and an elastomer, a form and metal. The materials may be layered, inserted, embedded, etc. without departing from the scope of the invention. However, a characteristic of these materials is the transmission of vibratory motion arising from the active elements within the FLUDEV according to embodiments of the invention. Within passive embodiments this characteristic of material selection is removed. 
     Within the embodiments of the invention with active elements these are mounted to predetermined portions of the shell which is surrounded by the casing. Other embodiments may exploit a passive inserted portion mimicking a dildo function rather than a vibrator. As noted above the FLUDEV according to embodiments of the invention may, in addition, to an elastomer outer comprise one or more materials to provide mechanical structures such as ridges, shell, scaffold, etc. whilst the casing is smooth. 
     The foregoing disclosure of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many variations and modifications of the embodiments described herein will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above disclosure. The scope of the invention is to be defined only by the claims appended hereto, and by their equivalents. 
     Further, in describing representative embodiments of the present invention, the specification may have presented the method and/or process of the present invention as a particular sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the particular order of steps set forth herein, the method or process should not be limited to the particular sequence of steps described. As one of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate, other sequences of steps may be possible. Therefore, the particular order of the steps set forth in the specification should not be construed as limitations on the claims. In addition, the claims directed to the method and/or process of the present invention should not be limited to the performance of their steps in the order written, and one skilled in the art can readily appreciate that the sequences may be varied and still remain within the spirit and scope of the present invention.