Patent Publication Number: US-11048029-B2

Title: Color conversion panel, manufacturing method of the same, and display device including the same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/334,103, filed Oct. 25, 2016, which claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2015-0167429, filed Nov. 27, 2015, the entire content of both of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     (a) Field 
     Aspects of embodiments of the present invention relate to a color conversion panel, a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device including the same. 
     (b) Description of the Related Art 
     Currently, among display devices, a liquid crystal display in which a field generating electrode is provided in two display panels is mainly used. A plurality of thin film transistors and pixel electrodes are arranged in a matrix at one display panel (hereinafter referred to as “a thin film transistor array panel”), and red, green, and blue color filters are disposed in the other display panel (hereinafter referred to as “a common electrode panel”), an entire surface of which is covered by a common electrode. 
     However, the display device generates light leakage in the polarizer and the color filter. 
     The above information disclosed in this Background section is for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art. 
     SUMMARY 
     Aspects of embodiments of the present invention are directed to a color conversion panel with improved (e.g., increased) contrast ratio and color reproducibility, and a display device including the same. 
     According to some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a color conversion panel including: a substrate; a plurality of color conversion layers and a transmission layer on the substrate; a capping layer on the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer; and a filter layer on the capping layer. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer covers each upper surface and each lateral surface of the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer. 
     In an embodiment, the color conversion panel further includes a light blocking member between adjacent layers of the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes an inorganic material. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a non-oxidizing material. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a silicon nitride (SiN x ). 
     In an embodiment, a thickness of the capping layer is less than about 1 μm. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer is formed below about 100° C. 
     According to some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a color conversion panel, the method including: forming a plurality of color conversion layers on a substrate; depositing a capping layer on the plurality of color conversion layers; and depositing a filter layer on the capping layer, wherein the capping layer is deposited at a temperature below about 100° C. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes an inorganic material, and wherein the deposition of the filter layer is performed in a high temperature process. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a non-oxidizing material. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a silicon nitride (SiN x ). 
     In an embodiment, a thickness of the capping layer is less than about 1 μm. 
     According to some embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a display device including: a display panel; and a color conversion panel on the display panel, wherein the color conversion panel includes: a substrate, a plurality of color conversion layers and a transmission layer on one surface of the substrate facing toward the display panel, a capping layer on one surface of the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer facing toward the display panel, and a filter layer between the capping layer and the display panel. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer covers each upper surface and each lateral surface of the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer. 
     In an embodiment, the display device further includes a light blocking member between adjacent layers among the plurality of color conversion layers and the transmission layer. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes an inorganic material. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a non-oxidizing material. 
     In an embodiment, the capping layer includes a silicon nitride (SiN x ). 
     In an embodiment, a thickness of the capping layer is less than about 1 μm. 
     Accordingly, the color conversion panel and the display device including the same, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, have excellent contrast ratio and color reproducibility, thereby improving the display quality. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of a color conversion panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a top plan view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is a top plan view of one pixel of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of  FIG. 5 . 
         FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a top plan view of a plurality of pixels in an organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 9  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of  FIG. 8 . 
         FIG. 10  is a graph comparing degradation over operating lifetime of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a comparative example. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Aspects of embodiments of the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. 
     The drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification. 
     Further, in the drawings, size and thickness of each element are arbitrarily represented for better understanding and ease of description, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels, regions, etc., are exaggerated for clarity. In the drawings, for better understanding and ease of description, the thickness of some layers and areas is exaggerated. 
     To realize a display device with reduced light leakage and high efficiency, aspects of embodiments of the present invention relate to a display device including a color conversion panel. Now, a color conversion panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view of a color conversion panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , a color conversion panel  30  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, a transmission layer  330 B, and a light blocking member  320  positioned on a substrate  310 . 
     The plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G may emit light by a method of converting a set or predetermined incident light into a different color light. As one example, the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G may be a red color conversion layer  330 R and a green color conversion layer  330 G. 
     The transmission layer  330 B may emit light by a method of transmitting the set or predetermined incident light. The transmission layer  330 B may transmit blue light as one example. 
     The light blocking member  320  is positioned between the adjacent color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, and between the adjacent color conversion layers  330 B and  330 G. In other words, the light blocking member  320  may define regions in which the red color conversion layer  330 R, the green color conversion layer  330 G, and the transmission layer  330 B adjacent to each other are disposed. 
     The red color conversion layer  330 R may include phosphors (or a phosphor layer) and/or quantum dots to convert the incident blue light into red light. 
     The green color conversion layer  330 G may include phosphors (or a phosphor layer) and/or quantum dots to convert the incident blue light into green light. 
     The red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G may further include the quantum dots for converting the color with or without the phosphor. In this case, the quantum dots may be selected from a Group II-VI compound, a Group III-V compound, a Group IV-VI compound, a Group IV element, a Group IV compound, and/or a combination thereof. 
     The Group II-VI compound may be selected from the group consisting of a binary compound selected from the group consisting of CdSe, CdTe, ZnS, ZnSe, ZnTe, ZnO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, MgSe, MgS, and a mixture thereof; a ternary compound selected from the group consisting of CdSeS, CdSeTe, CdSTe, ZnSeS, ZnSeTe, ZnSTe, HgSeS, HgSeTe, HgSTe, CdZnS, CdZnSe, CdZnTe, CdHgS, CdHgSe, CdHgTe, HgZnS, HgZnSe, HgZnTe, MgZnSe, MgZnS, and a mixture thereof; and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of HgZnTeS, CdZnSeS, CdZnSeTe, CdZnSTe, CdHgSeS, CdHgSeTe, CdHgSTe, HgZnSeS, HgZnSeTe, HgZnSTe, and a mixture thereof. 
     The Group III-V compound may be selected from the group consisting of a binary compound selected from the group consisting of GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, InN, InP, InAs, InSb, and a mixture thereof; a ternary compound selected from the group consisting of GaNP, GaNAs, GaNSb, GaPAs, GaPSb, AlNP, AlNAs, AlNSb, AlPAs, AlPSb, InNP, InNAs, InNSb, InPAs, InPSb, GaAlNP, and a mixture thereof; and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of GaAlNAs, GaAlNSb, GaAlPAs, GaAlPSb, GaInNP, GaInNAs, GaInNSb, GaInPAs, GaInPSb, InAlNP, InAlNAs, InAlNSb, InAlPAs, InAlPSb, and a mixture thereof. 
     The Group IV-VI compound may be selected from the group consisting of a binary compound selected from the group consisting of SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, and a mixture thereof; a ternary compound selected from the group consisting of SnSeS, SnSeTe, SnSTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe, SnPbS, SnPbSe, SnPbTe, and a mixture thereof; and a quaternary compound selected from the group consisting of SnPbSSe, SnPbSeTe, SnPbSTe, and a mixture thereof. The Group IV element may be selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and a mixture thereof. The Group IV compound may be a binary compound selected from the group consisting of SiC, SiGe, and a mixture thereof. 
     Also, a Group III-VI compound, a Group II-III-V compound, or a Group Group, and combinations thereof, may be included. 
     The Group III-VI compound may include a compound such as GaO, the Group II-III-V compound may include a compound such as InZnP, the Group compound may include a compound such as InZnSCdSe; however, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. 
     In this case, the binary compound, the ternary compound, or the quaternary compound may exist in particles at a uniform concentration, or may exist in the same particle divided into states where concentration distributions are partially different. Further, the color conversion media layer may have a core/shell structure where one quantum dot surrounds another quantum dot. An interface between the core and the shell may have a concentration gradient, such that a concentration of an element existing in the shell is gradually reduced nearing the center thereof. 
     The quantum dot may have an emission wavelength spectrum having a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 45 nm or less, preferably about 40 nm or less, and more preferably about 30 nm or less, in which range the color purity or the color reproducibility may be improved (e.g., increased). In addition, because light emitted by the quantum dot is emitted in all directions, a viewing angle of light may be improved (e.g., increased). 
     In addition, the quantum dot is not specifically limited to have shapes that are generally used in the technical field related to embodiments of the present invention, and more specifically, may have a spherical shape (such as in a nano-particle), a pyramidal shape, a multi-arm shape, or a cubic shape, or may be a nanotube, a nanowire, a nanofiber, a planar nano-particle, and/or the like. 
     When the red color conversion layer  330 R includes the red phosphor, the red phosphor may be one material among (Ca, Sr, Ba)S, (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 Si 5 N 8 , CaAlSiN 3 , CaMoO 4 , and Eu 2 Si 5 N 8 , although it is not limited thereto. The red color conversion layer  330 R may include at least one kind of red phosphor. 
     When the green color conversion layer  330 G includes the green phosphor, the green phosphor may be one material among yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), (Ca, Sr, Ba) 2 SiO 4 , SrGa 2 S 4 , BAM, α-SiAION, β-SiAION, Ca 3 Sc 2 Si 3 O 12 , Tb 3 Al 5 O 12 , BaSiO 4 , CaAlSiON, and (Sr 1-x Ba x )Si 2 O 2 N 2 , although it is not limited thereto. The green color conversion layer  330 G may include at least one kind of green phosphor. In this case, x may be any number between 0 and 1. 
     The transmission layer  330 B may be a polymer material for transmitting blue light supplied from a light assembly. For example, the transmission layer  330 B corresponding to the region for emitting the blue light emits the incident blue light without the additional phosphors (or phosphor layer) or quantum dots. 
     The materials of the red color conversion layer  330 R, the green color conversion layer  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320  may be photosensitive resins as one example, and accordingly, they may be formed through a photolithography process. 
     Also, the red color conversion layer  330 R, the green color conversion layer  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320  may be formed through the printing process, and in this case, different materials from the photosensitive resin may be used in the manufacturing process. 
     In some embodiments, the color conversion layers and the light blocking member are formed through the photolithography process or the printing process however, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and other methods or other materials may be used. 
     At least one among the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, may further include a scattering member. For example, a plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B may respectively include the scattering member, however they are not limited thereto, and the transmission layer  330 B may include the scattering member, and the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G may not include the scattering member as another exemplary embodiment. 
     Each scattering member scatters the light emitted from at least one of the phosphors (or the phosphor layer) and the quantum dots so as to emit more light. As such, the light emission efficiency is increased. 
     In this case, a content of the scattering member included in the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G, and the content of the scattering member included in the transmission layer  330 B may be different. The content of the scattering member included in the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G may be larger than the content of the scattering member included in the transmission layer  330 B, as one example. 
     The scattering member included in the transmission layer  330 B may adjust front luminance and lateral luminance of the light emitted from the transmission layer  330 B to be uniform. Also, the scattering member included in the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G may increase the efficiency of light emission from the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G. As described above, the scattering member included in each color conversion layer may have different purposes, thereby being used in different contexts. 
     The material of the scattering members may be any suitable material that evenly scatters light, such as TiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 , ZnO, SnO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , ITO, and/or the like. 
     Also, the scattering member may have a refractive index of about 1.5 or more. The color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G including the scattering members that have this refractive index, and the transmission layer  330 B, may improve (e.g., increase) light emission efficiency. 
     Next, a capping layer  340  is positioned on the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320 . The capping layer  340  prevents or substantially prevents the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B from being damaged by high temperature processes after forming the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B. In more detail, in the process after forming the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, the phosphors (or phosphor layer) and the quantum dots included in the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B may be damaged or extinguished by the moisture and the high temperature processes; however, this may be prevented or mitigated through the capping layer  340 . 
     To protect the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, the capping layer  340  may be deposited to cover one exposed surface of the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B. In detail, the capping layer  340  may cover the upper surface and the lateral surface of the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, respectively. 
     The capping layer  340  may be an inorganic material, such as a silicon nitride (SiN x ), and/or the like. However, it is not limited to this material, and the capping layer  340  may be made of any suitable material that is a non-oxidizing and transparent material. In this case, the capping layer  340  may be any suitable inorganic material having transmittance of more than about 95%. 
     The capping layer  340  may be formed at less than 100° C. Compared with a capping layer deposited at a high temperature, the capping layer  340  of embodiments of the present invention deposited at a low temperature may effectively prevent or mitigate degradation of the color conversion layer. 
     The thickness of the capping layer  340  may be less than 1 μm. A thickness of the capping layer  340  of 1 μm is sufficient to protect the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B from high temperature or moisture. 
     A filter layer  350  is positioned on the capping layer  340 . In the present specification, the capping layer  340  and the filter layer  350  are positioned on the light blocking member  320 ; however, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the capping layer and the filter layer may be positioned on the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member may be positioned on the filter layer, or the light blocking member may be positioned on the capping layer and the filter layer may be positioned on the capping layer and the light blocking member as another exemplary embodiment. 
     The filter layer  350  is a filter transmitting light of a set or predetermined wavelength and reflecting or absorbing light except for the light of the set or predetermined wavelength, such as an interference filter. The filter layer  350  may be manufactured of a structure in which a plurality of films having different refractive indexes are deposited. For example, the films may include polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polystyrene (PS), and/or the like. 
     Further, the filter layer  350  may be deposited through the high temperature process. As one example, the deposition may be performed at a temperature from about 250° C. to about 350° C. As described above, according to the filter layer  350  deposited through the high temperature process, the extinction of the quantum dots included in the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G may occur, however the capping layer  340  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention prevents or substantially prevents or mitigates the extinction. 
     The filter layer  350  again directs the light emitted in the direction opposite to the direction incident on the user to the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B while the light is emitted or transmitted in the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, thereby improving (e.g., increasing) the light emission efficiency. In some exemplary embodiments, the filter layer  350  may be omitted. The above-described color conversion panel provides excellent color reproducibility and light emission efficiency. 
     Next, a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 .  FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;  FIG. 3  is a top plan view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and  FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IV-IV of  FIG. 3 . 
     First, referring to  FIG. 2 , the display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be briefly descried, wherein the display device includes a color conversion panel  30 , a display panel  10  in contact with color conversion panel  30 , and a light assembly  500 . The color conversion panel  30  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be the color conversion panel described with reference to  FIG. 1 , thus, a detailed description thereof may not be repeated. However, in this case of the color conversion panel  30 , the substrate  310  shown in  FIG. 1  may be positioned to be separated far from the display panel  10 . The substrate  310  of the color conversion panel  30  may be disposed most remotely with reference to the display panel  10 . 
     The display panel  10  may include a liquid crystal panel for forming a vertical electric field, however it is not limited thereto, and it may be a display panel, such as a liquid crystal panel for forming a horizontal electric field, a plasma display panel (PDP), an organic light emitting diode display (OLED), a surface conduction electron-emitter display (SED), a field emission display (FED), a vacuum fluorescent display (VFD), or an e-paper. Next, the display panel  10  may be described in further detail. 
     The light assembly  500  may include a light source positioned under the display panel  10  and generating light, and a light guide for receiving the light and for guiding the received light in the direction of the display panel  10  and the color conversion panel  30 . When the display panel  10  is a self-emissive display device, the light assembly  500  may be omitted. 
     As an example of one embodiment of the present invention, the light assembly  500  may include at least one light emitting diode (LED), such as a blue light emitting diode (LED). The light source according to embodiments of the present invention may be an edge-type light assembly disposed on at least one side of the light guide plate, or may be a direct-type where the light source of the light assembly  500  is positioned in a directly lower portion of the light guide plate; however, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. 
     Next, the display panel  10  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4 . 
     The display panel  10  may include a liquid crystal panel  50  for illustrating (or displaying) an image and first and second polarizers  12  and  22  on respective surfaces of the liquid crystal panel  50 . The first polarizer  12  and the second polarizer  22  for polarization of the light incident from the light assembly  500  are positioned at respective surfaces of the liquid crystal panel  50 . 
     The polarizers  12  and  22  may be at least one of a coating polarizer and a wire grid polarizer. These polarizers  12  and  22  may be positioned at one surface of the display panel  100  and  200  by various methods, such as a film method, a coating method, an adhering method, and/or the like. However, this description is one example and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. 
     The liquid crystal panel  50  includes a lower panel  100  including a thin film transistor to display the image, an upper panel  200  including a second substrate  210  facing the lower panel  100 , and a liquid crystal layer  3  interposed between the lower panel  100  and the upper panel  200 . 
     A plurality of pixel electrodes are positioned in a matrix shape on a first substrate  110  included in the lower panel  100 . 
     A gate line  121  extending in a row direction and including a gate electrode  124 , a gate insulating layer  140  positioned on the gate line  121 , a semiconductor layer  154  positioned on the gate insulating layer  140 , a data line  171  positioned on the semiconductor layer  154 , extending in a column direction, and including a source electrode  173 , a drain electrode  175 , a passivation layer  180  positioned on the data line  171  and the drain electrode  175 , and a pixel electrode  191  electrically and physically connected to the drain electrode  175  through a contact hole  185  are positioned on the first substrate  110 . 
     The semiconductor layer  154  positioned on the gate electrode  124  forms a channel layer in a region that is exposed by the source electrode  173  and the drain electrode  175 , and the gate electrode  124 , the semiconductor layer  154 , the source electrode  173 , and the drain electrode  175  form one thin film transistor. 
     Next, the upper panel  200  will be described. 
     The second substrate  210  faces and is separated from the first substrate  110 . A light blocking member  220 , a planarization layer  250 , and a common electrode  270  are positioned between the second substrate  210  and the liquid crystal layer  3 . In detail, the light blocking member  220  is positioned at one surface of the second substrate  210  facing toward the first substrate  110 . The planarization layer  250  is positioned at one surface of the light blocking member  220  facing toward the first substrate  110 , and the planarization layer  250  may provide the flat surface. The common electrode  270  is positioned at one surface of the planarization layer  250  facing toward the first substrate  110 . The planarization layer  250  may be omitted in some exemplary embodiments. 
     The common electrode  270  applied with a common voltage forms an electric field with the pixel electrode  191  to arrange liquid crystal molecules  31  positioned in the liquid crystal layer  3  between the common electrode  270  and the pixel electrode  191 . 
     The liquid crystal layer  3  includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules  31 , and an arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules  31  is controlled by an electric field between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 . According to the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules, transmittance of light received from the light assembly  500  may be controlled to display an image. 
     The above-described display device provides further improved (e.g., increased) color reproducibility and contrast ratio through the color conversion panel. 
     Next, the display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 .  FIG. 5  is a top plan view of one pixel of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and  FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI of  FIG. 5 . 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes the color conversion panel  30 , the display panel  10 , and the light assembly  500 . The display panel  10  may be positioned on the light assembly  500 , and the color conversion panel  30  may be positioned on the display panel  10 . 
     The color conversion panel  30  and the light assembly  500  included in the display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention are the same or substantially the same as in the above-described exemplary embodiment, thus, the description thereof is not repeated. However, to dispose the substrate  310  included in the color conversion panel  30  to be far away from the display panel  10 , the color conversion panel  30  may be positioned. For example, the color conversion panel  30  is reversed on the display panel  10  such that the substrate  310  may be disposed in the top. 
     The display panel  10  may include a liquid crystal panel  50  for displaying an image, and polarizers  12  and  22  positioned on respective surfaces of the liquid crystal panel  50 . A first polarizer  12  and a second polarizer  22  for polarization of the light incident from the light assembly  500  are positioned at respective surfaces of the liquid crystal panel  50 . 
     A gate line  121  is positioned on the substrate  110  in the liquid crystal panel  50 . The gate line  121  includes a gate electrode  124 . 
     A gate insulating layer  140  is positioned on the substrate  110  and the gate line  121 . On the gate insulating layer  140 , a semiconductor layer  154  is positioned under a data line  171  and source/drain electrodes  173  and  175  and on a channel part of the thin film transistor Q. 
     On each semiconductor layer  151  and  154  and the gate insulating layer  140 , a data conductor ( 171 ,  173 , and  175 ) including the source electrode  173 , the data line  171  connected to the source electrode  173 , and the drain electrode  175  is positioned. 
     The gate electrode  124 , the source electrode  173 , and the drain electrode  175  form the thin film transistor Q along the semiconductor layer  154 , and the channel of the thin film transistor Q is formed in the semiconductor layer  154  between the source electrode  173  and the drain electrode  175 . 
     A first passivation layer  180  may be positioned on the data conductor ( 171 ,  173 , and  175 ) and the exposed semiconductor layer  154 . A light blocking member  220  and a second passivation layer  240  are positioned on the first passivation layer  180 . 
     The light blocking member  220  is formed in a lattice structure having an opening corresponding to a region for displaying an image, and is made of an opaque material (e.g., a material through which light is not transmitted). 
     The first and second passivation layers  180  and  240  and the light blocking member  220  have a contact hole  185  that exposes the drain electrode  175 . 
     A pixel electrode  191  is positioned on the second passivation layer  240 . The pixel electrode  191  includes a protrusion  197  extending toward the gate line  121  from the pixel electrode  191 , and the protrusion  197  is physically and electrically connected to the drain electrode  175  through the contact hole  185 , thereby receiving a data voltage from the drain electrode  175 . 
     The thin film transistor Q and the pixel electrode  191  described above are only described as examples, and the structure of the thin film transistor and design of the pixel electrode are not limited to the structure described in the present exemplary embodiment, and may be modified to be applied based on the description according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     A lower alignment layer  11  is positioned on the pixel electrode  191 , and the lower alignment layer  11  may be a vertical alignment layer. An upper alignment layer  21  is positioned to face the lower alignment layer  11 , and a microcavity  305  is positioned between the lower alignment layer  11  and the upper alignment layer  21 . 
     In the present exemplary embodiment, the lower alignment layer  11  and the upper alignment layer  21  are distinguished from each other based on their positions (and may otherwise be the same or substantially the same), and may be connected to each other, as shown in  FIG. 6 . The lower alignment layer  11  and the upper alignment layer  21  may be concurrently or simultaneously formed. 
     The microcavity  305  is injected with the liquid crystal molecules  31  to form the liquid crystal layer  3 . A liquid crystal inlet  307 FP is formed on a portion where the thin film transistor Q is positioned, and the liquid crystal inlet  307 FP may be covered by an overcoat  390 . The microcavity  305  is partitioned in a Y-axis direction by a plurality of liquid crystal inlets  307 FP positioned at portions overlapped with the gate line  121 , so as to form the plurality of microcavities  305 . In addition, the microcavity  305  is partitioned in an X-axis direction by a partition wall part PWP to be described below, so as to form the plurality of microcavities  305 . Each of the plurality of formed microcavities  305  may correspond to one, two, or more pixel regions, and the pixel region may correspond to a region displaying a screen. 
     A common electrode  270  is positioned on the upper alignment layer  21 . The common electrode  270  receives a common voltage and generates an electric field together with the pixel electrode  191 , to which the data voltage is applied, to determine a direction in which the liquid crystal molecules  31  positioned at the microcavities  305  between the two electrodes are inclined. In the present exemplary embodiment, the common electrode  270  is positioned on the microcavities  305 , however, the common electrode  270  may alternatively be positioned under the microcavities  305  as another exemplary embodiment to realize the liquid crystal driving according to a coplanar electrode (CE) mode. 
     A roof layer  360  is positioned on the lower insulating layer  350 . The roof layer  360  serves as a support so that the microcavity  305 , which is a space between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 , is formed. 
     In the present exemplary embodiment, the partition wall part PWP is positioned between the microcavities  305  adjacent in the X-axis direction. The partition wall part PWP may be formed along the Y-axis direction as the direction in which the data line  171  extends and may be covered by the roof layer  360 . The partition wall part PWP is filled with the common electrode  270  and the roof layer  360 , and the microcavities  305  may be divided or defined as this structure forms a partition wall. 
     An overcoat  390  is positioned on the roof layer  360 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the overcoat  390  may be positioned in the liquid crystal inlet  307 FP as well as on an upper insulating layer. In this case, the overcoat  390  may cover the liquid crystal inlet  307 FP. 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is improved in terms of contrast ratio and color reproducibility, thereby providing a display device with excellent display quality, and one sheet substrate is used, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and the structure. 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to  FIG. 7 .  FIG. 7  is a cross-sectional view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in  FIG. 7  includes a thin film transistor panel  10 ′, a color conversion panel  30 ′, and a light assembly  500 . The light assembly  500  is the same or substantially the same as the above-described constituent element, thus, a description thereof is not repeated. 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes the thin film transistor panel  10 ′, the color conversion panel  30 ′ facing and separated from the thin film transistor panel  10 ′, and a liquid crystal layer  3  positioned between the thin film transistor panel  10 ′ and the color conversion panel  30 ′ and including the liquid crystal molecules. 
     The display device according to the present specification may further include the first polarizer  12  and the second polarizer  22  respectively positioned on one surface of the thin film transistor panel  10 ′ and the color conversion panel  30 ′. According to an exemplary embodiment, the second polarizer  22  may be positioned on one surface of the color conversion panel  30 ′ facing toward the thin film transistor panel  10 ′. For example, the second polarizer  22  may be an in-cell polarizer. 
     The thin film transistor panel  10 ′ according to the present exemplary embodiment is the same or substantially the same as the lower panel  100  of  FIG. 4  and the color conversion panel  30 ′ is similar to the color conversion panel  30  of  FIG. 1 , such that, in the relevant description,  FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 , and  FIG. 4  may be referred to as well as  FIG. 7 . 
     First, a plurality of pixel electrodes are positioned in a matrix shape on the first substrate  110  included in the thin film transistor panel  10 ′. 
     A gate line  121  extending in a row direction and including a gate electrode  124 ; a gate insulating layer  140  positioned on the gate line  121 ; a semiconductor layer  154  positioned on the gate insulating layer  140 , a data line  171  positioned on the semiconductor layer  154 , extending in a column direction, and including a source electrode  173 ; a drain electrode  175 ; a passivation layer  180  positioned on the data line  171  and the drain electrode  175 ; and a pixel electrode  191  electrically and physically connected to the drain electrode  175  through a contact hole  185  are positioned on the first substrate  110 . 
     The semiconductor layer  154  positioned on the gate electrode  124  forms a channel layer in the region that is exposed by the source electrode  173  and the drain electrode  175 , and the gate electrode  124 , the semiconductor layer  154 , the source electrode  173 , and the drain electrode  175  form one thin film transistor. 
     Next, the second substrate  210  faces the first insulation substrate  110  to be separated therefrom. The plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320  positioned between the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, are positioned between the substrate  310  and the liquid crystal layer  3 . In detail, the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320  are positioned on one surface of the substrate  310  facing toward the first substrate  110 . 
     The light blocking member  320  defines a region where the red color conversion layer  330 R, the green color conversion layer  330 G, and the transmission layer  330 B are disposed. The red color conversion layer  330 R, the green color conversion layer  330 G, and the transmission layer  330 B are positioned between the light blocking members  320 . 
     The red color conversion layer  330 R may convert blue light supplied from the light assembly  500  into red, and the green color conversion layer  330 G may convert blue light supplied from the light assembly  500  into green. For this, the red color conversion layer  330 R and the green color conversion layer  330 G may include at least one of the phosphor and the quantum dots. 
     The transmission layer  330 B is made of the transparent polymer and transmits the blue light supplied from the light assembly  500 , thereby representing the color blue. For example, the transmission layer  330 B corresponding to the region emitting the blue light may include a material (e.g., a polymer, such as a photosensitive resin) emitting the incident blue light as it is without the additional phosphors (or phosphor layer) or the quantum dots. 
     Next, the capping layer  340  is positioned on one surface of the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, and the light blocking member  320  facing toward the first substrate  110 . The capping layer  340  prevents or substantially prevents the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G from being damaged by a following process after forming the capping layer  340 . In detail, in a process after forming the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, the phosphors (or phosphor layer) and the quantum dots included in the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B may be damaged and extinguished by the moisture and the high temperature, however the damage and the extinction are prevented or substantially prevented through the capping layer  340  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     In this case, the capping layer  340  may be formed at less than 100° C. Compared with the capping layer deposited at a high temperature, the capping layer  340  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention deposited at a low temperature may prevent or substantially prevent the degradation of the color conversion layer. 
     To protect the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, the capping layer  340  may be deposited to cover one exposed surface of the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B. In detail, the capping layer  340  may cover one surface and each lateral surface of the plurality of color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B facing toward the first substrate  110 . 
     The capping layer  340  may be the inorganic material, and as one example, a silicon nitride (SiN x ). However, it is not limited to the material, and the capping layer may use any suitable material that is non-oxidizing and transparent. 
     The thickness of the capping layer  340  may be less than 1 μm, in order to protect the plurality of color conversion layers from the high temperature or the moisture. 
     The filter layer  350  is positioned on one surface of the capping layer  340  facing toward the first substrate  110 . In the present specification, the capping layer  340  and the filter layer  350  are positioned on one surface of the light blocking member  320  facing toward the first substrate  110 ; however, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and the capping layer  340  and the filter layer  350  may be positioned on one surface of the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B facing toward first substrate  110 , and the light blocking member may be positioned on one surface of the filter layer  350  facing toward the first substrate  110 , or the light blocking member may be positioned on one surface of the capping layer  340  facing toward the first substrate  110  and the filter layer may be positioned on one surface of the capping layer and the light blocking member facing toward the first substrate  110  as another exemplary embodiment. 
     The filter layer  350  again directs the light emitted in the direction opposite to the direction incident on the user to the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B while the light is emitted or transmitted in the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G and the transmission layer  330 B, thereby improving (e.g., increasing) light emission efficiency. In some exemplary embodiments, the filter layer  350  may be omitted. 
     Next, the planarization layer  370  is positioned on one surface of the filter layer  350  facing toward the first substrate  110 . The planarization layer  370  may provide the flat surface, and the common electrode  270  is positioned on one surface of the planarization layer  370  facing toward the first substrate  110 . The planarization layer  370  may be omitted in some exemplary embodiments. 
     The common electrode  270  applied with the common voltage forms the electric field with the pixel electrode  191  to arrange the liquid crystal molecules  31  positioned in the liquid crystal layer  3 . 
     The liquid crystal layer  3  includes the plurality of liquid crystal molecules  31 , and the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules  31  is controlled by the electric field between the pixel electrode  191  and the common electrode  270 . The transmittance of the light transmitted from the light assembly  500  is controlled depending on the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules, thereby displaying the image. 
     The above-described display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention does not include the upper panel  200  shown in  FIG. 4 , and the color conversion panel  30 ′ replaces the function and the position of the upper panel. This display device may be provided with a thinner thickness and the cost and the weight thereof may be reduced. 
     The display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9 .  FIG. 8  is a top plan view of a plurality of pixels in an organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and  FIG. 9  is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of  FIG. 8 . 
     The display device shown in  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9  includes the display panel  10  and the color conversion panel  30  positioned on the display panel  10 . The color conversion panel  30  of  FIG. 8  and  FIG. 9  is the same or substantially the same as the above-described color conversion panel  30  according to the exemplary embodiment of  FIG. 1 , thus, the description thereof is not repeated. 
     In the display panel  10 , a gate conductor having a gate line  121  including a first gate electrode  124   a  and a second gate electrode  124   b  is positioned on the first substrate  110 . 
     The gate line  121  transmits the gate signal. The first gate electrode  124   a  extends upward from the gate line  121 , and the second gate electrode  124   b  is separated from the gate line  121  and includes a storage electrode  127 . 
     A gate insulating layer  140  is located on the gate conductor ( 121 ,  124   a ,  124   b , and  127 ). 
     First and second semiconductor layers  154   a  and  154   b  made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon or polysilicon are located on the gate insulating layer  140 . The first and second semiconductor layers  154   a  and  154   b  are respectively positioned on the first and second gate electrodes  124   a  and  124   b.    
     A plurality of pairs of ohmic contacts  163  and  165  are positioned on the first and second semiconductor layers  154   a  and  154   b.    
     A plurality of data conductors including a data line  171 , a driving voltage line  172 , and first and second drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b  are formed on the ohmic contacts  163  and  165  and the gate insulating layer  140 . 
     The data line  171  and the driving voltage line  172  mainly extend in the longitudinal direction, thereby crossing the gate line  121 . The data line  171  includes a plurality of first source electrodes  173   a  extending toward the first gate electrode  124   a , and the driving voltage line  172  includes a second source electrode  173   b  extending toward the second gate electrode  124   b.    
     The first and second drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b  are separated from each other and are also separated from the data line  171  and the driving voltage line  172 . The first source electrode  173   a  and the first drain electrode  175   a  face each other via the first gate electrode  124   a , and the second source electrode  173   b  and the second drain electrode  175   b  face each other via the second gate electrode  124   b.    
     The semiconductor layers  154   a  and  154   b  include parts exposed between the source electrodes  173   a  and  173   b  and the drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b.    
     A passivation layer  180  is positioned on the data conductors  171 ,  172 ,  173   a ,  173   b ,  175   a , and  175   b  and the exposed parts of the semiconductor layers  154   a  and  154   b.    
     The passivation layer  180  has contact holes  185   a  and  185   b  respectively exposing the first and second drain electrodes  175   a  and  175   b . The passivation layer  180  and the gate insulating layer  140  have a contact hole  184  formed therethrough that exposes the second gate electrode  124   b.    
     A pixel electrode  191  and a connecting member  85  are positioned on the passivation layer  180 . 
     The pixel electrode  191  is physically and electrically connected to the second drain electrode  175   b  through the contact hole  185   b , and the connecting member  85  is connected to the second gate electrode  124   b  and the first drain electrode  175   a  through the contact holes  184  and  185   a.    
     A partition  361  is positioned on the passivation layer  180 . The partition  361  encloses the edge of the pixel electrode  191  like a bank, thereby defining an opening  365 , and is made of the organic insulator or the inorganic insulator. The partition  361  may be made of a photoresist including black pigments, and may function as a light blocking member in this case, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process. 
     An organic light emitting member  470  is formed in openings  365  defined by the partition  361  on the pixel electrode  191 . The organic light emitting member  470  of the organic light emitting diode display according to the present exemplary embodiment is only made of the organic material emitting blue light. In the case of the organic light emitting diode display according to the present exemplary embodiment, the color conversion panel  30  is positioned on the upper surface of the organic light emitting diode display to represent each color of red, green, and blue such that only the organic material representing the blue light may be included. 
     A common electrode  270  is positioned on the organic light emitting member  470 . In the organic light emitting diode display, the first gate electrode  124   a  connected to the gate line  121 , the first source electrode  173   a  connected to the data line  171 , and the first drain electrode  175   a  form a switching thin film transistor Qs along with the first semiconductor layer  154   a , and the channel of the switching thin film transistor Qs is formed in the first semiconductor layer  154   a  between the first source electrode  173   a  and the first drain electrode  175   a . The second gate electrode  124   b  connected to the first drain electrode  175   a , the second source electrode  173   b  connected to the driving voltage line  172 , and the second drain electrode  175   b  connected to the pixel electrode  191  form a driving thin film transistor Qd along with the second semiconductor layer  154   b , and the channel of the driving thin film transistor Qd is formed in the second semiconductor layer  154   b  between the second source electrode  173   b  and the second drain electrode  175   b . The pixel electrode  191 , the organic light emitting member  470 , and the common electrode  270  form the organic light emitting diode, and the pixel electrode  191  becomes the anode and the common electrode  270  becomes the cathode. However, in another example, the pixel electrode  191  may become the cathode and the common electrode  270  may become the anode. The storage electrode  127  and the driving voltage line  172  overlap with each other, thereby forming the storage capacitor Cst. 
     In the color conversion panel  30  according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the substrate  310  of the color conversion panel  30  faces the first substrate  110 , and the color conversion layers  330 R and  330 G, the transmission layer  330 B, the light blocking member  320 , the capping layer  340 , and the filter layer  350  are disposed to be positioned on one surface of the first substrate  110  facing toward the substrate  310 . 
     The organic light emitting diode display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is improved in terms of light emission efficiency and color reproducibility, thereby providing excellent display quality. 
     Next, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a comparative example will be described with reference to  FIG. 10 .  FIG. 10  is a graph comparing degradation over operating lifetime of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and a comparative example, by comparing light amounts (e.g., light emission efficiencies) as a function of time. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , it may be confirmed that the color conversion panel including the capping layer on the color conversion layers according to the exemplary embodiment substantially maintains the light amount even when a long time has elapsed. In contrast, when the separate capping layer is omitted on the color conversion layers according to the comparative example, only about 50% of the initial light amount is emitted when 200 h (hours) have elapsed. 
     Also, as shown in Table 1, in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the light emission efficiency represents about 200% as compared with the comparative example, and referring to a result of  FIG. 10 , even if the 200 h have elapsed, it may be confirmed that the light amount of about 90% is maintained compared with the beginning. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Comparative Example 
                 Exemplary Embodiment 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Light Emission 
                 100% 
                 200% 
               
               
                 Efficiency 
               
               
                 Reliability 
                 50% 
                 90% 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Accordingly, the color conversion panel according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention may provide further improved (e.g., increased) light emission efficiency and display quality. 
     It will be understood that, although the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section, without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept. 
     Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “under”, “above”, “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or in operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” or “under” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms “below” and “under” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly. In addition, it will also be understood that when an element is referred to as being “between” two elements, it can be the only element between the two elements, or one or more intervening elements may also be present. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting of the inventive concept. As used herein, the singular forms “a” and “an” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “include,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “at least one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. Further, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of the inventive concept refers to “one or more embodiments of the inventive concept.” Also, the term “exemplary” is intended to refer to an example or illustration. 
     It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on”, “connected to”, “coupled to”, or “adjacent” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected to, coupled to, or adjacent the other element or layer, or one or more intervening elements or layers may be present. When an element or layer is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to”, “directly coupled to”, or “immediately adjacent” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. 
     As used herein, the term “substantially,” “about,” and similar terms are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent variations in measured or calculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may be considered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and “utilized,” respectively. 
     The display device and/or any other relevant devices or components according to embodiments of the present invention described herein, such as the color conversion panel, may be implemented utilizing any suitable hardware, firmware (e.g. an application-specific integrated circuit), software, or a suitable combination of software, firmware, and hardware. For example, the various components of the display device may be formed on one integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Further, the various components of the display device may be implemented on a flexible printed circuit film, a tape carrier package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB), or formed on a same substrate. Further, the various components of the display device may be a process or thread, running on one or more processors, in one or more computing devices, executing computer program instructions and interacting with other system components for performing the various functionalities described herein. The computer program instructions are stored in a memory which may be implemented in a computing device using a standard memory device, such as, for example, a random access memory (RAM). The computer program instructions may also be stored in other non-transitory computer readable media such as, for example, a CD-ROM, flash drive, or the like. Also, a person of skill in the art should recognize that the functionality of various computing devices may be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functionality of a particular computing device may be distributed across one or more other computing devices without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     While this invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and is intended to cover various suitable modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by appended claims and equivalents thereof. 
     DESCRIPTION OF SOME OF SYMBOLS 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                  10: display panel 
                 12, 22: polarizer 
               
               
                   
                  30: color conversion panel 
                 310: substrate 
               
               
                   
                  11: first alignment layer 
                  21: second alignment layer 
               
               
                   
                 110: first substrate 
                 121: gate line