Patent Publication Number: US-10770067-B1

Title: Dynamic voice search transitioning

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This Application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/215,691, filed Sep. 8, 2015, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Users may view or consume content, such as audio or video content, on televisions or other content consumption devices. In order to identify and select content for consumption, users may desire to be presented with content selection options, for example, via voice-based searching. In another example, users may desire to be presented with information in response to voice-based information requests. While consuming content users may desire to consume different content or different information, and may desire a smooth transition from the original content to the different content or information. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The detailed description is set forth with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided for purposes of illustration only and merely depict example embodiments of the disclosure. The drawings are provided to facilitate understanding of the disclosure and shall not be deemed to limit the breadth, scope, or applicability of the disclosure. In the drawings, the left-most digit(s) of a reference numeral may identify the drawing in which the reference numeral first appears. The use of the same reference numerals indicates similar, but not necessarily the same or identical components. However, different reference numerals may be used to identify similar components as well. Various embodiments may utilize elements or components other than those illustrated in the drawings, and some elements and/or components may not be present in various embodiments. The use of singular terminology to describe a component or element may, depending on the context, encompass a plural number of such components or elements and vice versa. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram of an example use case illustrating dynamic voice search transitioning in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 2A-2B  are schematic illustrations of an example process flow for dynamic voice search processing in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 3-4  are schematic illustrations of example process flows for dynamic voice search transitioning in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic illustration of an example user interface presenting pre-listen information in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic illustration of an example user interface presenting visual feedback in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 7-9  are schematic illustrations of example user interfaces presenting conversation card information in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIGS. 10-12  are schematic illustrations of example user interfaces presenting voice search card information in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
         FIG. 13  is a schematic block diagram of an illustrative content streaming device in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Overview 
     This disclosure relates to, among other things, devices, systems, methods, computer-readable media, techniques, and methodologies for transitioning user interfaces on an electronic display operatively coupled to a content streaming device for various voice-based functions. User interfaces of the disclosure may indicate to a user a manner in which a voice input or voice data is being or has been processed, as well as information related to a stage of processing of voice data, post-processing information, such as search results or desired information, and the like. Embodiments of the disclosure may generate smooth transitions between various user interfaces irrespective of whether voice input is, for example, a voice command, a voice search, a voice query or verbal request for information, and the like. Users may determine, based at least in part on user interfaces of the disclosure, an operational mode of a device, a processing stage of a device or system, information related to a voice query, and other information. For example, embodiments of the disclosure may include graphical user interfaces (GUIs) designed to communicate that voice input is being received or detected, how voice data will be processed (e.g., as a voice search or verbal query, etc.), results of voice data processing (e.g., search results, requested information such as news or weather, etc.), and other information. 
     Embodiments of the disclosure may facilitate dynamic voice search transitioning, such that users may identify voice data information from a user interface at an electronic display. Users may consume content on a content providing device or display device, including, but not limited to, a viewing device such as a television, a laptop computer, a tablet, a computer monitor, or the like, and/or devices configured to provide audio content, such as a speaker-type device, including, but not limited to, music, audio books, machine voice responses, spoken text, and/or any other type of audio output. In certain example embodiments, a content streaming device may be configured to communicate with a display device, such as a television. Content streaming devices may be media streaming or media output devices configured to facilitate streaming of remotely stored content and/or presentation of locally stored content. 
     In certain example embodiments, a user may interact with a content steaming device by providing analog sound input (e.g., voice) to a remote control or other device (e.g., smartphone, etc.) coupled to the content streaming device. The remote control may generate digital voice data representative of the analog sound input and send the voice data to the content streaming device over a wired or wireless communication protocol. The content streaming device may receive the voice data and may generate one or more user interfaces for presentation on a display device, such as a television, that is in communication with the content streaming device. The content streaming device may also send the voice data to one or more remote servers for processing of the voice data to determine a meaning of the sound input, in one example. 
     The content streaming device may determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word. A trigger word may indicate that the voice data includes a certain type of request and/or is to be processed in a specific manner. For example, a trigger word may be “Alexa” and may indicate that the voice data includes a verbal query and/or that the voice data is to be processed as a verbal query as opposed to, for example, a search request. In some embodiments, the content streaming device may receive an indication of whether the voice data included a trigger word from the one or more remote servers, rather than making the determination at the content streaming device. In certain implementations, the content streaming device may have an expression detector that analyzes an audio signal produced by a microphone of the remote control to detect the wakeword, which generally may be a predefined word, phrase, or other sound. Such an expression detector may be implemented using keyword spotting technology, as an example. A keyword spotter is a functional component or algorithm that evaluates an audio signal to detect the presence a predefined word or expression in the audio signal. Rather than producing a transcription of the words of the speech, a keyword spotter generates a true/false output to indicate whether or not the predefined word or expression was represented in the audio signal. 
     In certain embodiments, an expression detector of an audio device, content streaming device, and/or remote control may be configured to analyze the audio signal to produce a score indicating a likelihood that the wakeword is represented in the audio signal. The expression detector then compares the score to a threshold to determine whether the wakeword will be declared as having been spoken. 
     In some cases, a keyword spotter may use simplified ASR (automatic speech recognition) techniques. For example, an expression detector may use a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) recognizer that performs acoustic modeling of the audio signal and compares the HMM model of the audio signal to one or more reference HMM models that have been created by training for a specific trigger expression. An HMM model represents a word as a series of states. Generally, a portion of an audio signal is analyzed by comparing its HMM model to an HMM model of the trigger expression, yielding a feature score that represents the similarity of the audio signal model to the trigger expression model. 
     In practice, an HMM recognizer may produce multiple feature scores, corresponding to different features of the HMM models. An expression detector may use a support vector machine (SVM) classifier that receives the one or more feature scores produced by the HMM recognizer. The SVM classifier produces a confidence score indicating the likelihood that an audio signal contains the trigger expression. The confidence score is compared to a confidence threshold to make a final decision regarding whether a particular portion of the audio signal represents an utterance of the trigger expression. Upon declaring that the audio signal represents an utterance of the trigger expression, the content streaming device begins transmitting the audio signal to the remote, network-based speech recognition system for detecting and responding to subsequent user utterances. 
     In another example, the content streaming device may determine that the voice data does not include a trigger word, and as a result, the voice data is to be processed in a certain manner. For example, voice data without a trigger word may be processed as a search request, such as a search request for media content, as opposed to a verbal query or information request. Depending on whether the voice data is a voice search or a verbal query, the content streaming device may generate different user interfaces, as well as transition from a first set of user interfaces, for example for voice searching, to a second set of user interfaces, for example for verbal queries. For example, user interfaces generated by the content streaming device may include pre-listen information that may include visual and/or audio instructions to a user to provide voice data, visual feedback to indicate that voice data is being detected and/or received, requested information or search results, and other information. Embodiments of the disclosure may generate user interfaces that maintain a look and feel of a user interface theme in transitioning between sets of user interfaces. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , an overview of an example system  100  in accordance with one or more embodiments of the disclosure is depicted. The system  100  may include a display device  102  in communication with a content streaming device  104 . A remote control device  106  may be configured to wirelessly communicate with the content streaming device  104 . For example, the remote control device  106  may be connected to the content streaming device  104  or to another device via a Bluetooth, WiFi Direct, and/or other suitable protocol for exchanging information between two devices. In some embodiments, the remote control device  106  may communicate to a cloud or remote server, and the cloud or remote server may determine or identify a computer system or content streaming device that is associated with the remote control device  106  at the time of the communication. For example, the remote server may make a determination based at least in part on proximity or keyword/phrase (e.g., “living room TV”) spoken at the remote control device  106 . In certain embodiments, a keyword/phrase can be spoken with a verbal command (e.g., “show weather on living room TV”) or separately (e.g., context from prior interactions, such as “pair with living room TV”). 
     The content streaming device  104  may be communicatively coupled to the display device  102 . For example, the content streaming device  104  may be removably coupled to the display device  102 . The display device may be a television, a computer monitor, or any other suitable display device. In certain example embodiments, the display of the display device may be significantly larger in size than the typical display size of a handheld mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet. The content streaming device  104  may be connected to the display device  102  via any suitable interface such as, for example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), or the like. 
     A user  112  may desire to consume digital content using the content streaming device  104 . Content, as used herein, may include any type of content that exists in the form of digital data and which is capable of being consumed. Example types of digital content may include, without limitation, electronic books or other electronic publications, Internet content, audio content, video content, or the like. Content may include text content, graphical content, audio content, video content, or the like, and may include information that is broadcast, streamed, or contained in computer files stored on a device configured to render the content. 
     The remote control device  106  may include one or more buttons  108  and a microphone button  110  that activates a microphone associated with the remote control device  106 . The user  112  may utilize the remote control device  106  to interact with the content streaming device  104 . For example, the user  112  may utilize the remote control device  106  to navigate between selectable elements on a user interface presented at the display device  102 . The remote control device  106  may be a physical standalone remote control. Alternatively, the remote control device  106  may be a smartphone, tablet, or similar device having a remote control application executing thereon. The remote control device  106  may communicate with the content streaming device  104  using any suitable communication technology or protocol including, but not limited to, Bluetooth, NFC, Wi-Fi Direct, infrared (IR), or the like. The remote control device  106  may include, for example, 5-way cursor controls to enable navigation in four orthogonal directions as well as to enable a selection action equivalent to a tap or click in a touch interface or click interface, respectively. The 5-way cursor controls may be a physical directional pad that includes four directional buttons and a center button or may be provided as part of a touch interface. 
     In certain example embodiments, when the user  112  selects a particular button of the remote control device  106 , a signal may be generated and communicated to the content streaming device  104 . Upon receipt of the signal, the content streaming device  104  may generate a first event indicative of a first device operation associated with the selected button. For example, for a selection of a right directional button, the first device operation may correspond to navigation in a direction to the right between user interface representations of content items in a carousel. Buttons may generate different signals based at least in part on a length of time a respective button is held or depressed. For example, the mic button  110  may generate a first signal when the mic button  110  is tapped or pressed for a relatively short length of time, and a second signal when the mic button  110  is pressed and held for a relatively long or predetermined length of time. A tap or press of the mic button  110  may cause the content streaming device  104  to enter a pre-listen state, while a longer press and hold of the mic button  110  may cause the content streaming device  104  to enter a listen state. 
     In the illustration of  FIG. 1 , the user  112  may select the mic button  110  by pressing and holding the mic button  110  to indicate a user selection  114  of the mic button. The mic button  110  may generate and send a signal to the content streaming device  104 . Upon receiving the signal, the content streaming device  104  may enter a listen state. A listen state may indicate that the content streaming device  104  is monitoring (e.g., at a local receiver or voice server) for voice data. Monitoring may include actively looking for data at one or more receivers or local servers or communication channels. Monitoring may be constant or periodic. The user  112  may communicate voice data  116  to the content streaming device  104  via a microphone of the remote control device  106 . For example, while pressing and holding the mic button  110 , the user  112  may speak and the microphone of the remote control device  106  may receive analog sound input and generate voice data  116  representative of the analog sound input. The remote control device  106  may send or relay the voice data  116  to the content streaming device  104  over a wireless connection. In some instances, the remote control device  106  may send the voice data  116  to the content streaming device  104  as the voice data is generated and/or as the analog sound input is received. 
     The content streaming device  104  may receive the voice data  116  from the remote control device  106 . While the content streaming device  104  is receiving the voice data  116 , the content streaming device  104  may generate a user interface  118  indicating that the content streaming device  104  is receiving voice data, so as to indicate to the user  112  that the voice data is being received. For example, the content streaming device  104  may generate the user interface  118  on a display of the display device  102  with visual feedback, such as an indication of voice modulation as shown in  FIG. 1 , to indicate to the user  112  that voice data is being received and/or that the content streaming device  104  is in a “listen” state (e.g., that the content streaming device  104  is listening). The user interface  118  may include visual feedback, such as the illustrated voice modulation, that is overlayed on top of previously presented information. For example, the visual feedback may be overlayed on top of a home screen user interface that was previously presented at the display device  102 . 
     Upon receiving the voice data  116 , the content streaming device  104  may determine whether the voice data  116  includes a trigger word at determination block  120 . In some embodiments, the content streaming device  104  may send the voice data to one or more remote servers for voice processing, while in other embodiments the content streaming device  104  may locally process the voice data  116  to determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word. For example, the content streaming device  104  may send the voice data  116  to one or more remote servers for voice processing. The one or more remote servers may receive the voice data and process the voice data to determine words or phrases included in the voice data, and in some instances, a meaning of the voice data. The one or more remote servers may determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word, and may send an indication of whether the voice data includes a trigger word to the content streaming device  104 . 
     A trigger word may be a word of a set of one or more trigger words that indicates a type of request included in the voice data  116 . Example types of requests, as described herein, may include search requests, such as content search requests, verbal queries, such as requests for information, including weather, news, and other information, and the like. Trigger words may be identified by comparing one or more words of the voice data  116  to a table including the set of one or more trigger words. Identification of trigger words may be performed locally at the content streaming device  104  in some embodiments, while in other embodiments, the content streaming device  104  may receive an indication that the voice data  116  included a trigger word, such as from one or more remote servers. In some embodiments, positioning or arrangement of words in the voice data may be used in determining whether the voice data includes a trigger word. For example, in some embodiments, if the first character or word of the voice data is not a trigger word, the voice data may be considered or determined to not include a trigger word. 
     If it is determined that the voice data  116  includes a trigger word, the content streaming device  104  may generate a first type of user interface  130  at the display device  102 . In some embodiments, the content streaming device  104  may receive an indication from the one or more remote servers that indicates the voice data  116  includes a trigger word. Upon receiving the indication from the one or more remote servers, the content streaming device  104  may initiate the first type of user interface  130 , which may be associated with a particular user interface theme or user interface mode. In one example, the first user interface type  130  may be associated with a virtual assistant user interface theme. Virtual assistant user interface themes may include a set of one or more cards instead of, or in addition to, a list. Cards may include information that can be presented in succession or upon command. Cards may include information in specific blocks or formatting. The first type of user interface  130  may be based at least in part on a first set of user interfaces that may include certain information, formatting, themes, styles, or other attributes. In some embodiments, the first type of user interface  130  may be selected from a stack or a set of one or more user interfaces. In some embodiments, the first type of user interface  130  may be associated with audio information in addition to visual information. In the example of  FIG. 1 , presence of a trigger word may indicate that the voice data is a verbal query for information. For example, a verbal query may include a request for information (e.g., news, weather, etc.), a request for certain content, a conversational request which may indicate natural language processing is to be performed on the voice data, and other requests. If the content streaming device  104  determines that the voice data  116  includes a trigger word, the content steaming device  104  may generate a first user interface  132  that may include information related to the verbal query, and may also include an audio response  134 . For example, if the user  112  requested local news, the content streaming device  104  may generate the first user interface  132  with information identifying a news source (e.g., NPR), a title (e.g., “Latest NPR Hourly News Update”), and other information. The content streaming device  104  may further initiate the audio response  134  to the verbal query, which may include an audible newscast or audible transcription of news. 
     If the content streaming device  104  determines that there is or was no trigger word in the voice data  116 , the content streaming device  104  may determine that the voice data does not include a verbal request, or that the voice data is a different type of request. In response to the determination, the content streaming device  104  may generate a second type of user interface  140  at the display device  102 . The second type of user interface  140  may be a default user interface or may be selected from a second set of user interfaces, and may be associated with a particular user interface theme or user interface mode. In one example, the first user interface type  130  may be associated with a voice search user interface theme. A voice search user interface theme may include a list of one or more options, such as text options or characters that may include titles, names, descriptions, and the like. Lists may be presented at a single user interface, such as a scrollable user interface that lists one or more options. For example, the content streaming device  104  may consider all voice data without a trigger word to be a certain type of request, such as a voice search, and may treat all such voice data accordingly. In  FIG. 1 , if the content streaming device  104  determines that there was no trigger word in the voice data  116 , the content streaming device  104  may consider the voice data to be a voice search and may generate a second user interface  142  in accordance with a voice search. For example, the second user interface  142  may present a set of one or more candidate search options or search strings that are selectable by the user  112  to perform a search, such as a content search. The set of one or more candidate search options may be overlayed on top of a previously presented user interface, as shown in  FIG. 1 . The user  112  may select one of the presented candidate search options to initiate a content search for the selected search option. In some embodiments, upon receiving the voice data initiation signal from the remote control, the content streaming device  104  may initiate the second type of user interface  140 , and then may initiate the first type of user interface  130  upon receiving the indication that the voice data includes a trigger word from the one or more remote servers. In some embodiments, an incoming voice data indication or a voice data initiation signal may be generated by a push-to-talk button at an electronic device and/or a wake word or trigger word preconfigured into an “always-listening” microphone-based device. In such embodiments, detection of the trigger word may result in the voice data initiation signal except when muted, turned off, or otherwise instructed not to listen. For example, “always-listening” devices may include a trigger word unique to device and not the server. Certain embodiments may include two or more trigger words (e.g., first trigger word for device and second trigger word for virtual assistant). 
     The systems, methods, computer-readable media, techniques, and methodologies for dynamic voice search transitioning may facilitate efficient conveyance of information to users via user interfaces that may include information indicating an operating state of a content streaming device, a processing state of a content streaming device, how voice data is being processed by a content streaming device, and other indications of voice processing. Embodiments of the disclosure may further transition from a first type of user interface for a certain type of voice request to a second type of user interface for a second type of voice request while maintain a look and feel of the user interface. 
     Example embodiments of the disclosure provide a number of technical features or technical effects. For example, in accordance with example embodiments of the disclosure, certain user interfaces are selected and/or generated in response to certain types of voice requests. For example, a voice search request may trigger presentation of a first type of user interface, while a verbal query may trigger presentation of a second type of user interface. A type of voice data may be determined by the presence of a trigger word in the voice request in some embodiments. The above examples of technical features and/or technical effects of example embodiments of the disclosure are merely illustrative and not exhaustive. 
     One or more illustrative embodiments of the disclosure have been described above. The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the scope of this disclosure and are not intended to be limiting in any way. Accordingly, variations, modifications, and equivalents of embodiments disclosed herein are also within the scope of this disclosure. The above-described embodiments and additional and/or alternative embodiments of the disclosure will be described in detail hereinafter through reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     Illustrative Process and Use Cases 
       FIGS. 2-4  depict an example process flow  200  for dynamic voice search transitioning in accordance with one or more embodiments of the disclosure and will be discussed in conjunction with  FIGS. 5-12 , which depict example user interfaces in accordance with one or more embodiments of the disclosure. Referring first to  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 2  depicts the process flow  200  and a content streaming device  204 . The content streaming device  204  may be the same as, or different than, the content streaming device  104  of  FIG. 1 . While example embodiments of the disclosure may be described in the context of content streaming devices, it should be appreciated that the disclosure is more broadly applicable to any user device configured to generate user interfaces. 
     The content streaming device  204  may be any computing device with one or more processors and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the one or more processors. The content streaming device  204  may be able to receive and transmit or send information via wired or wireless communication, for example to and from a remote control device, a display device, and/or one or more remote server(s). In some embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may be a media streaming device configured to stream content, such as audio or visual content. In such embodiments, streaming of content may include receiving data packets and, in some instances, storing the data packets in a local buffer. The data packets received may be decoded and output as content for consumption. Accordingly, the content streaming device  204  may begin output of content before receiving an entirety of content data. In some embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may be configured to output streamed media content locally and/or at a connected device. Examples of content streams include, but are not limited to, visual content streaming such as movies, television shows, and other video content, as well as audio content streaming, such as music, audio books, and other audio content. 
     At block  202  of the process flow  200  in  FIG. 2 , the content streaming device  204  may receive a pre-listen indication. The content streaming device  204  may receive the pre-listen indication from, for example, a remote control device, a smartphone, a tablet, or another device wirelessly coupled to the content streaming device. In one example, the content streaming device  204  may receive a pre-listen indication from a remote control device. The pre-listen indication may be generated by the remote control device by a tap or a press-and-release of a mic button, or another gesture, of the remote control device. Upon receiving the pre-listen indication, the content streaming device  204  may enter a pre-listen state, in which the content streaming device  204  prepares to listen or monitor for voice data. For example, computer-executable instructions of a listening module(s)  206  stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to initiate a pre-listen state  208 . Monitoring for voice data may occur at one or more local receivers or voice servers, for example. 
     At block  210  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to present pre-listen information at a display device. For example, with reference to  FIG. 5 , upon receiving the pre-listen indication, the content streaming device  204  may generate a user interface with pre-listen information  310  for presentation at a display device  300 . The pre-listen information  310  may include information such as visual or audible user instructions, hints, and the like. For example, the pre-listen information  310  may inform the user how to perform a voice search or a verbal query, or how to send voice data to the content streaming device  204 . In some instances, the pre-listen information  310  may include error messages or other indicators of problems or errors with voice data. In the illustration of  FIG. 5 , the pre-listen information  310  may inform the user that voice data can be sent to the content streaming device  204  by pressing and holding a mic button on the remote control device. 
     A user may view or consume the pre-listen information  310  and may press and hold a mic button on the remote control device to begin voice data communication with the content streaming device  204 . For example, the remote control device may include one or more microphones configured to generate signals based at least in part on incident or ambient sounds. In certain example embodiments, the remote control device may include a microphone configured to receive sound input in the form of analog sound and may generate electrical signals indicative of the analog sound. Processing circuitry of the remote control device may convert the analog sound to digital voice data using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The remote control device may utilize the ADC to generate digital voice data from the analog sound input, and may send the voice data to the content streaming device  204  in accordance with a suitable communication protocol including, for example, a local area network (LAN) wireless communication protocol such as WiFi, Wi-Fi Direct, or a personal area network (PAN) such as Bluetooth™, or another wireless communication protocol as described herein. 
     At block  212 , the content streaming device  204  may receive a first voice data initiation indication. For example, upon determining that the user has pressed and held the mic button for a predetermined or threshold length of time, the remote control device may send a voice data initiation indication to the content streaming device  204 . The content streaming device  204  may receive the voice initiation indication, which may indicate that voice data transmission will commence, and the content streaming device  204  may enter a listening state in which the content streaming device  204  monitors for voice data. For example, computer-executable instructions of the listening module(s)  206  stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to initiate a listen state  214 . The content streaming device  204  may monitor for voice data to be received. 
     At block  216  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to present visual feedback at a display device. For example, with reference to  FIG. 6 , the content streaming device  204  may generate a user interface with an onscreen element of visual feedback  320  at the display device  300 . The visual feedback  320  may be in the form of voice modulation, as shown in  FIG. 6 , or any other suitable form to indicate that voice data is being detected and/or received by the content streaming device  204 . In some instances, such as voice modulation, the visual feedback  320  may be representative of the voice data as the voice data is being received or detected. In some embodiments, the visual feedback  320  may be overlayed on top of previous user interface, while in other embodiments the visual feedback  320  may be standalone. The visual feedback  320  may include text, graphics, and other indicators to communicate or indicate to the user that voice is being detected and/or voice data is being received, and/or that the content streaming device  204  is listening. 
     At block  216  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine that voice data is complete. For example, upon release of the mic button on the remote control device, the remote control device may send a signal to the content streaming device  204  an indication that the voice data is complete. In another example, the content streaming device  204  may determine that the voice data is complete after a predetermined length of time has passed and there has been silence or relative silence. 
     Upon determining that the voice data is complete, the content streaming device  204  may enter a processing state. For example, computer-executable instructions of a voice data module(s)  220  stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to initiate a processing state  222 . In the processing state  222 , the content streaming device  204  may process the voice data to determine a meaning of the voice data. In some embodiments, the content streaming voice  204  may process the voice data locally, while in other embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may send the voice data to one or more remote servers for processing. Processing may include natural language processing (or other speech recognition processing) on the voice data to determine a meaning of the corresponding sound input detected by the microphone. Processing the voice data may include generating speech-to-text translations of the data. In some embodiments, transmission of the voice data by the content streaming device  204  may begin when initial voice data is received by the content streaming device  204 , before an entirety of the voice data is received. In such embodiments, processing time at the one or more remotes servers may be reduced. 
     At determination block  224  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine whether the voice data is understood. The determination of whether the voice data is understood may be based at least in part on the results of the processing of the voice data. If the results of the processing indicate that the voice data was not deciphered, a determination may be made that the voice data is not understood. If the results of the processing indicate that the voice data is deciphered, a determination may be made that the voice data is understood. 
     If it is determined that the voice data was not understood, the process flow  200  may continue to block  226  at which user assistance information is presented at the display device. For example, computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to generate a user interface with user assistance information for presentation at the display device. In some instances, the user assistance information may be presented at the same or at a user interface similar to the user interface with the pre-listen information (such as that shown in  FIG. 5 ), with an error message or other indication that the voice data was not understood. The user interface may further include detailed user assistance information, such as how long to hold down the mic button for, instructions to speak louder or more clearly, and the like. Upon presenting the user assistance information, the content streaming device  204  may return to the pre-listen state at block  228  and may await voice data or a voice data initiation indication. 
     If it is determined that the voice data was understood at determination block  224 , the process flow  200  may continue to determination block  230 . At determination block  230 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word. A trigger word may be a word, character, or sound that indicates how particular voice data is to be processed. For example, a trigger word may indicate that voice data is a verbal query and/or should be processed as conversational data instead of a content search. In addition, depending on how voice data is processed, the content streaming device  204  may generate different user interfaces. For example, a first set of user interfaces may be generated for verbal queries or conversational requests, while a second set of user interfaces may be generated for voice searches. In some embodiments, trigger words may be found at certain instances of the voice data, such as at a first word, a last word, or at another position within the voice data. The determination of whether the voice data includes a trigger word may be made at the content streaming device  204  or at a remote server, which may send an indication of whether the voice data includes a trigger word to the content streaming device  204 . In one example, some or all of the words in the voice data may be compared to a table of a set of one or more trigger words to determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word. 
     If it is determined that the voice data includes a trigger word, the process flow  200  may continue to  FIG. 3 . If it is determined that the voice data does not include a trigger word, the process flow may continue to  FIG. 4 . Referring first to  FIG. 3 , at block  232 , the content streaming device  204  may determine that a trigger word was used. Upon determining that the voice data includes a trigger word, the content streaming device  204  may initiate a first set of user interfaces. For example, computer-executable instructions of a card selection module(s)  234  stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to initiate one or more conversation card(s) presented with a conversation UI theme  236 . Conversation cards may be user interfaces generated in response to conversational requests or verbal queries from a user and may be different than other user interfaces such as, for example, voice search user interfaces. In some embodiments, cards may be implemented using a template-based data structure in which a remote server (e.g., a cloud server, etc.) sends data to fill a template of the card with an indication of a particular template to use. Templates may be selected from any number of templates, and a receiving device may generate the card with the particular template. The generated card may be filled with data and presented for consumption in some embodiments. 
     At block  238  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine a response to the voice data, or to receive response information (e.g., from one or more remote servers). For example, upon processing of the voice data, the content streaming device  204  may determine that the voice data includes a verbal query or request for information related to news, traffic, weather, or other information, a request to perform an action (e.g., play a song, etc.) and in response, the content streaming device  204  may determine the requested information and/or determine an appropriate response. In some embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may determine responses to voice data locally, while in other embodiments the content streaming device  204  may receive an indication of responses from one or more remote servers. 
     At block  240  of the process flow  200 , response information may be sent to a display for presentation with the conversation UI theme. For example, with reference to  FIG. 7 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine first information in response to the first verbal request of the first voice data and to generate a first user interface or first conversation card  330  for presentation at the display device  300 . The first conversation card  330  may be a user interface that communicates to the user that the voice data was processed as a verbal query and may present information relevant to the verbal query. For example, the first conversation card  330  may include a description of audio that is being presented to a user, title or author information, and other information. User interfaces generated by the content streaming device  204 , such as conversation cards and/or voice search cards, may include various selectable onscreen elements such as buttons, icons, menus, and so forth. Depending on the verbal query or meaning of the voice data, the content streaming device  204  may further initiate a first audio response  340  at, for example, a speaker of the display device  300  in addition to the first conversation card  330 . The first audio response  340  may be presented at a different speaker that is remote from the display device  300  in some embodiments. Some responses may not include an audio component. In the example of  FIG. 7 , the content streaming device  204  may begin an audio newscast and may present related information that may describe the audio on the user interface or first conversation card  330  presented at the display device  300 . 
     In some instances, while the first conversation card  330  and/or the first audio response  340  is being presented, a user may interrupt the content streaming device  204  with a subsequent request or with additional voice data. For example, while listening to the newscast in  FIG. 7 , the user may desire to be presented with weather information and may interrupt the presentation of the newscast. 
     In such instances, at block  242  of the process flow  200  in  FIG. 3 , the content streaming device  204  may receive a second voice data initiation indication, which may be during presentation of the first audio  340 . For example, the user may press and hold a mic button on a remote control to send a voice data initiation indication to the content streaming device  204 . The content streaming device  204  may receive the second voice data initiation indication and at block  244  of the process flow  200 , the content streaming device  204  may pause or cancel the first audio response that is being presented. 
     At block  246  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to present visual feedback over the first conversation card at the display device. For example, with reference to  FIG. 8 , the content streaming device  204  may generate a user interface with an onscreen element of visual feedback  350  at the display device  300 . The visual feedback  350  may be in the form of voice modulation, as shown in  FIG. 8 , or any other suitable form to indicate that voice data is being detected and/or received by the content streaming device  204 . In some instances, such as voice modulation, the visual feedback  350  may be representative of the voice data as the voice data is being received or detected. In some embodiments, the visual feedback  350  may be overlayed on top of previous user interface, or the first conversation card  330  in the example of  FIG. 8 . The visual feedback  350  may include text, graphics, and other indicators to communicate or indicate to the user that voice is being detected and/or voice data is being received, and/or that the content streaming device  350  is listening. The first conversation card  330  may persist or remain presented in the background while the second voice data is being received and/or while the visual feedback  350  is being presented such that if the second voice data includes an interaction command with an interaction element of the first conversation card  330  (e.g., a selection of a particular selectable onscreen element of the first conversation card  330 , etc.), or another multi-term interaction with the first conversation card  330 , the first conversation card  330  is readily available. The content streaming device  204  may determine that the conversation card user interface type, or user interface theme was the last used user interface theme, and may initiate the conversation card user interface theme. 
     Upon completion of the voice data, the process flow  200  may proceed to determination block  248  to determine how the second voice data is to be processed. At determination block  248 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may again be executed to determine whether the voice data includes a trigger word. If it is determined that the second voice data includes a trigger word, the process flow  200  may continue to block  250 . If it is determined that the second voice data does not include a trigger word, the process flow may continue to  FIG. 4 . 
     In the event it is determined that the second voice data includes a trigger word, the process flow  200  may continue to block  250 . The content streaming device  204  may determine, for example via voice processing, a request associated with the second voice data, and at block  250 , the content streaming device  204  may determine a response to the second voice data. Upon determining a response to the second voice data, the process flow  200  may continue to block  252 , at which the content streaming device  204  may present a second audio response and/or a second user interface. For example, with reference to  FIG. 9 , the user may interrupt the newscast with a verbal query for weather information. In response, the content streaming device  204  may determine weather information and may present a user interface or a second conversation card  360  with weather information at the display device  300 . In some embodiments, where a second audio response is appropriate (e.g., audible version of weather information, etc.), the content streaming device  204  may initiate a second audio response  370  at the display device  300  or at another speaker. For example, the weather forecast may be presented as part of the second audio response  370 . 
     Upon presenting some or all of the second audio response and/or the second user interface, the process flow  200  may optionally return to, or regenerate, the first conversation card and/or first audio. For example, after presenting some or all of the weather information, or after presenting some or all of the weather information for a predetermined length of time, the content streaming device  204  may return to the first conversation card  330  of  FIG. 7  and/or may resume the audible newscast of the first audio response  340 . Alternately, in some instances, such as an instance where a first media content, such as a first movie, is being presented and is interrupted with a request for a second media content, or a different movie, presentation of the first media content and/or first audio may be canceled instead of or in addition to pausing the first audio response. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 4 , if it is determined at determination block  230  or at determination block  248  that the voice data does not include a trigger word, the process flow  200  may continue to  FIG. 4 . In certain embodiments, if voice data does not include a trigger word, the voice data may be processed as a default voice request, which may be a voice search. For example, a user may use a voice-based search function to search for content. The voice-based search function may be initiated at a remote control device by pressing and holding the mic button, for example. 
     If it is determined at determination block  230  or  248  that the voice data does not include a trigger word, the process flow  200  may continue to  FIG. 4 . At block  256  of the process flow  200  in  FIG. 4 , the content streaming device  204  may determine that the voice data did not include a trigger word. Upon determining that the voice data did not include a trigger word, the content streaming device  204  may initiate a second set of user interfaces. For example, computer-executable instructions of the card selection module(s)  234  stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to initiate one or more voice search card(s) presented with a voice search UI theme  258 . Voice search cards may be user interfaces generated in response to voice-based search requests, such as requests for content, from a user and may be different than other user interfaces such as, for example, conversation cards or user interfaces. 
     At block  260  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine candidate search options for presentation. For example, the content streaming device  204  may determine a set of candidate search strings based at least in part on the second voice data. In some embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may determine the set of candidate search strings locally, while in other embodiments the content streaming device  204  may send the second voice data to a remote server for processing of the second voice data, and may receive a set of candidate search strings from the remote server identified from the processing of the second voice data. The candidate search options or search strings may provide search terms in the form of text, graphics, and the like for use in a content search. 
     At block  262  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to present the candidate search queries. For example, with reference to  FIG. 10 , the content streaming device  204  may present a user interface of a first voice search card  380  at the display device  300 . The first voice search card  380  may include candidate search queries or options  390 , and in some embodiments, a text search option  450 . The candidate search options  390  may include one or more selectable search options that, when selected, initiate a content search for the selected option. The text search option  450  may cause a text searching user interface to be presented that may facilitate text based searching for content. While this example relates to text searching, other embodiments of the disclosure may include voice dictation themes, such as speech-to-text applications, or mobile application-specific themes, such as voice commands in a calendar or map application. In such embodiments, a default theme may be used until a virtual assistant trigger word is detected. 
     In  FIG. 10 , the content streaming device  204  may present information associated with the set of candidate search options  390  at the display device  300 . For example, the candidate search options  390  may include “mad men,” “madman,” and “madmun,” and may be based at least in part on the second voice data. The candidate search options  390  may be presented as text, graphics, or in other digital forms. A user may select one of the presented search options  390  to initiate a content search for the selected search option. For example, the user may select one of the candidate search options  390  via a remote control device  400 . The remote control device  400  may have a selection wheel or input  410  that the user may use to input a user selection  420  for one of the candidate search options  390 . 
     At block  264  of the process flow  200  in  FIG. 4 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to determine a selection of a candidate search option for searching. For example, the user may select “mad men” in the candidate search options  390  via the remote control device  400  in  FIG. 10 . The content streaming device  204  may receive an indication of a selection of a selected candidate search string or candidate search option. In some embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may send the selected candidate search string to a remote server for content searching to identify content relevant to the selected candidate search string, while in other embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may perform content searching. 
     In certain embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may receive a set of search results that may include content selection options based at least in part on the selected search option. In other embodiments, the content streaming device  204  may determine search results, that may include content selection options, in response to the selected candidate search option. Metadata associated with the content selection options (e.g., title, plot summary, etc.) may be communicated to or determined by the content streaming device  204 , which may direct presentation of the metadata via the display device  300 . 
     At block  266  of the process flow  200 , computer-executable instructions of one or more module(s) stored on a memory of the content streaming device  204  may be executed to present search results at the display device. For example, with reference to  FIG. 11 , the content streaming device  204  may present a user interface of a search result user interface  430  at the display device  300  with search results  440 . The search results  440  may be selectable content options determined in response to the second voice data. For example, the search results  440  may include cover art and other metadata associated with one or more content selection options. The user may select one of the content selection options to begin consumption of the selected content option. The search results  440  and/or content selection options identified as part of the voice-based searching functionality described herein may include one or more content items (e.g., movies) identified as having a threshold level of relevance to the processed voice data (e.g., a speech-to-text translation of the data). 
     In some instances, the search results  440  may be different than what a user wanted, or a user may decide to conduct another search after viewing the search results  440 . For example, in  FIG. 11 , the user may select the text search option  450 . The text search option  450  may be selected as an onscreen element as part of the search result user interface  430 , and/or may be associated with a physical or virtual button at the remote control device  400 . 
     In  FIG. 12 , upon selecting the text search option  450 , the content streaming device  204  may generate a user interface with a third voice search card  480  at the display device  300 . The third voice search card  480  may include a text input interface  490  configured to receive input from a user for text. For example, a user may use the remote control device  400  to navigate the text input interface  490  and select one or more characters in order to input a text based search. Upon completion of user input, the content streaming device  204  may initiate a content search based at least in part on the textual input by the user at the text input interface  490 . 
     One or more operations of the method, process flows, or use cases of  FIGS. 2-12  may have been described above as being performed by a user device, or more specifically, by one or more program modules, applications, or the like executing on a device. It should be appreciated, however, that any of the operations of methods, process flows, or use cases of  FIGS. 2-12  may be performed, at least in part, in a distributed manner by one or more other devices, or more specifically, by one or more program modules, applications, or the like executing on such devices. In addition, it should be appreciated that processing performed in response to execution of computer-executable instructions provided as part of an application, program module, or the like may be interchangeably described herein as being performed by the application or the program module itself or by a device on which the application, program module, or the like is executing. While the operations of the methods, process flows, or use cases of  FIGS. 2-12  may be described in the context of the illustrative devices, it should be appreciated that such operations may be implemented in connection with numerous other device configurations. 
     The operations described and depicted in the illustrative methods, process flows, and use cases of  FIGS. 2-12  may be carried out or performed in any suitable order as desired in various example embodiments of the disclosure. Additionally, in certain example embodiments, at least a portion of the operations may be carried out in parallel. Furthermore, in certain example embodiments, less, more, or different operations than those depicted in  FIGS. 2-12  may be performed. 
     Although specific embodiments of the disclosure have been described, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that numerous other modifications and alternative embodiments are within the scope of the disclosure. For example, any of the functionality and/or processing capabilities described with respect to a particular device or component may be performed by any other device or component. Further, while various illustrative implementations and architectures have been described in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that numerous other modifications to the illustrative implementations and architectures described herein are also within the scope of this disclosure. 
     Certain aspects of the disclosure are described above with reference to block and flow diagrams of systems, methods, apparatuses, and/or computer program products according to example embodiments. It will be understood that one or more blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and the flow diagrams, respectively, may be implemented by execution of computer-executable program instructions. Likewise, some blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams may not necessarily need to be performed in the order presented, or may not necessarily need to be performed at all, according to some embodiments. Further, additional components and/or operations beyond those depicted in blocks of the block and/or flow diagrams may be present in certain embodiments. 
     Accordingly, blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams support combinations of means for performing the specified functions, combinations of elements or steps for performing the specified functions, and program instruction means for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flow diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flow diagrams, may be implemented by special-purpose, hardware-based computer systems that perform the specified functions, elements or steps, or combinations of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
     Illustrative Device Architecture 
       FIG. 13  is a schematic block diagram of an illustrative content streaming device  500  in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the disclosure. The content streaming device  500  may include any suitable computing device including, but not limited to, a mobile device such as a smartphone, tablet, e-reader, wearable device, or the like; a desktop computer; a laptop computer; a content streaming device; a set-top box; or the like. The content streaming device  500  may correspond to an illustrative device configuration for the content streaming devices  104 ,  204  of  FIGS. 2-12 . 
     The content streaming device  500  may be configured to communicate via one or more networks (not shown) with one or more servers, user devices, or the like. For example, in the illustration of  FIG. 13 , the content streaming device  500  may be configured to communicate with a first remote server  540  and a second remote server  550 . The first remote server  540  may be configured to perform a first type of voice processing, such as conversational voice processing, while the second remote server  550  may be configured to perform a second type of voice processing, such as voice searching. In some embodiments, a single remote server or single group of remote servers may be configured to perform more than one type of voice processing. 
     The content streaming device  500  may be configured to communicate via one or more networks. Such network(s) may include, but are not limited to, any one or more different types of communications networks such as, for example, cable networks, public networks (e.g., the Internet), private networks (e.g., frame-relay networks), wireless networks, cellular networks, telephone networks (e.g., a public switched telephone network), or any other suitable private or public packet-switched or circuit-switched networks. Further, such network(s) may have any suitable communication range associated therewith and may include, for example, global networks (e.g., the Internet), metropolitan area networks (MANs), wide area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), or personal area networks (PANs). In addition, such network(s) may include communication links and associated networking devices (e.g., link-layer switches, routers, etc.) for transmitting network traffic over any suitable type of medium including, but not limited to, coaxial cable, twisted-pair wire (e.g., twisted-pair copper wire), optical fiber, a hybrid fiber-coaxial (HFC) medium, a microwave medium, a radio frequency communication medium, a satellite communication medium, or any combination thereof. 
     In an illustrative configuration, the content streaming device  500  may include one or more processors (processor(s))  502 , one or more memory devices  504  (generically referred to herein as memory  504 ), one or more input/output (“I/O”) interface(s)  506 , one or more network interfaces  508 , one or more sensors or sensor interfaces  510 , one or more transceivers  512 , and data storage  516 . The content streaming device  500  may further include one or more buses  514  that functionally couple various components of the content streaming device  500 . The content streaming device  500  may further include one or more antennas  532  that may include, without limitation, a cellular antenna for transmitting or receiving signals to/from a cellular network infrastructure, an antenna for transmitting or receiving Wi-Fi signals to/from an access point (AP), a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antenna for receiving GNSS signals from a GNSS satellite, a Bluetooth antenna for transmitting or receiving Bluetooth signals, a Near Field Communication (NFC) antenna for transmitting or receiving NFC signals, and so forth. These various components will be described in more detail hereinafter. 
     The bus(es)  514  may include at least one of a system bus, a memory bus, an address bus, or a message bus, and may permit exchange of information (e.g., data (including computer-executable code), signaling, etc.) between various components of the content streaming device  500 . The bus(es)  514  may include, without limitation, a memory bus or a memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and so forth. The bus(es)  514  may be associated with any suitable bus architecture including, without limitation, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA), an Enhanced ISA (EISA), a Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) architecture, an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) architecture, a Peripheral Component Interconnects (PCI) architecture, a PCI-Express architecture, a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) architecture, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) architecture, and so forth. 
     The memory  504  of the content streaming device  500  may include volatile memory (memory that maintains its state when supplied with power) such as random access memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory (memory that maintains its state even when not supplied with power) such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, ferroelectric RAM (FRAM), and so forth. Persistent data storage, as that term is used herein, may include non-volatile memory. In certain example embodiments, volatile memory may enable faster read/write access than non-volatile memory. However, in certain other example embodiments, certain types of non-volatile memory (e.g., FRAM) may enable faster read/write access than certain types of volatile memory. 
     In various implementations, the memory  504  may include multiple different types of memory such as various types of static random access memory (SRAM), various types of dynamic random access memory (DRAM), various types of unalterable ROM, and/or writeable variants of ROM such as electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, and so forth. The memory  504  may include main memory as well as various forms of cache memory such as instruction cache(s), data cache(s), translation lookaside buffer(s) (TLBs), and so forth. Further, cache memory such as a data cache may be a multi-level cache organized as a hierarchy of one or more cache levels (L1, L2, etc.). 
     The data storage  516  may include removable storage and/or non-removable storage including, but not limited to, magnetic storage, optical disk storage, and/or tape storage. The data storage  516  may provide non-volatile storage of computer-executable instructions and other data. The memory  504  and the data storage  516 , removable and/or non-removable, are examples of computer-readable storage media (CRSM) as that term is used herein. 
     The data storage  516  may store computer-executable code, instructions, or the like that may be loadable into the memory  504  and executable by the processor(s)  502  to cause the processor(s)  502  to perform or initiate various operations. The data storage  516  may additionally store data that may be copied to memory  504  for use by the processor(s)  502  during the execution of the computer-executable instructions. Moreover, output data generated as a result of execution of the computer-executable instructions by the processor(s)  502  may be stored initially in memory  504 , and may ultimately be copied to data storage  516  for non-volatile storage. 
     More specifically, the data storage  516  may store one or more operating systems (O/S)  518 ; one or more database management systems (DBMS)  520 ; and one or more program modules, applications, engines, computer-executable code, scripts, or the like such as, for example, one or more voice data module(s)  522 , one or more communication module(s)  524 , one or more user interface generation module(s)  526 , one or more listening module(s)  528 , and one or more trigger word determination module(s)  530 . Some or all of these modules may be sub-modules. Any of the components depicted as being stored in data storage  516  may include any combination of software, firmware, and/or hardware. The software and/or firmware may include computer-executable code, instructions, or the like that may be loaded into the memory  504  for execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502 . Any of the components depicted as being stored in data storage  516  may support functionality described in reference to correspondingly named components earlier in this disclosure. 
     The data storage  516  may further store various types of data utilized by components of the content streaming device  500 . Any data stored in the data storage  516  may be loaded into the memory  504  for use by the processor(s)  502  in executing computer-executable code. In addition, any data depicted as being stored in the data storage  516  may potentially be stored in one or more datastore(s)  534  and may be accessed via the DBMS  520  and loaded in the memory  504  for use by the processor(s)  502  in executing computer-executable code. The datastore(s)  534  may include, but are not limited to, databases (e.g., relational, object-oriented, etc.), file systems, flat files, distributed datastores in which data is stored on more than one node of a computer network, peer-to-peer network datastores, or the like. In  FIG. 13 , the datastore(s)  534  may include one or more conversation card(s)  536  which may be used to generate user interfaces for verbal requests or queries, and one or more voice search card(s)  538  which may be used to generate user interfaces for voice searching. The respective cards  536 ,  538  may include formatting instructions, presentation instructions, prepopulated fields, and other information, for example. 
     The processor(s)  502  may be configured to access the memory  504  and execute computer-executable instructions loaded therein. For example, the processor(s)  502  may be configured to execute computer-executable instructions of the various program modules, applications, engines, or the like of the content streaming device  500  to cause or facilitate various operations to be performed in accordance with one or more embodiments of the disclosure. The processor(s)  502  may include any suitable processing unit capable of accepting data as input, processing the input data in accordance with stored computer-executable instructions, and generating output data. The processor(s)  502  may include any type of suitable processing unit including, but not limited to, a central processing unit, a microprocessor, a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) microprocessor, a Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC) microprocessor, a microcontroller, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a System-on-a-Chip (SoC), a digital signal processor (DSP), and so forth. Further, the processor(s)  502  may have any suitable microarchitecture design that includes any number of constituent components such as, for example, registers, multiplexers, arithmetic logic units, cache controllers for controlling read/write operations to cache memory, branch predictors, or the like. The microarchitecture design of the processor(s)  502  may be capable of supporting any of a variety of instruction sets. 
     Referring now to functionality supported by the various program modules depicted in  FIG. 13 , the voice data module(s)  522  may include computer-executable instructions, code, or the like that responsive to execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502  may perform functions including, but not limited to, monitoring for voice data, processing voice data, and/or sending or receiving voice data from a wirelessly connected device. 
     The communication module(s)  524  may include computer-executable instructions, code, or the like that responsive to execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502  may perform functions including, but not limited to, communicating with one or more devices, for example, via wired or wireless communication. 
     The user interface generation module(s)  526  may include computer-executable instructions, code, or the like that responsive to execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502  may perform functions including, but not limited to, generating visual feedback, generating user interfaces for presentation at a display device, and the like. 
     The listening module(s)  528  may include computer-executable instructions, code, or the like that responsive to execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502  may perform functions including, but not limited to, transitioning from a pre-listen to a listen to a processing state. 
     The trigger word determination module(s)  530  may include computer-executable instructions, code, or the like that responsive to execution by one or more of the processor(s)  502  may perform functions including, but not limited to, determining whether voice data includes a trigger word. 
     Referring now to other illustrative components depicted as being stored in the data storage  516 , the O/S  518  may be loaded from the data storage  516  into the memory  504  and may provide an interface between other application software executing on the content streaming device  500  and hardware resources of the content streaming device  500 . More specifically, the O/S  518  may include a set of computer-executable instructions for managing hardware resources of the content streaming device  500  and for providing common services to other application programs (e.g., managing memory allocation among various application programs). In certain example embodiments, the O/S  518  may control execution of the other program modules to dynamically enhance characters for content rendering. The O/S  518  may include any operating system now known or which may be developed in the future including, but not limited to, any server operating system, any mainframe operating system, or any other proprietary or non-proprietary operating system. 
     The DBMS  520  may be loaded into the memory  504  and may support functionality for accessing, retrieving, storing, and/or manipulating data stored in the memory  504  and/or data stored in the data storage  516 . The DBMS  520  may use any of a variety of database models (e.g., relational model, object model, etc.) and may support any of a variety of query languages. The DBMS  520  may access data represented in one or more data schemas and stored in any suitable data repository including, but not limited to, databases (e.g., relational, object-oriented, etc.), file systems, flat files, distributed datastores in which data is stored on more than one node of a computer network, peer-to-peer network datastores, or the like. In those example embodiments in which the content streaming device  500  is a mobile device, the DBMS  520  may be any suitable light-weight DBMS optimized for performance on a mobile device. 
     Referring now to other illustrative components depicted as being stored in the data storage  516 , the O/S  518  may be loaded from the data storage  516  into the memory  504  and may provide an interface between other application software executing on the content streaming device  500  and hardware resources of the content streaming device  500 . More specifically, the O/S  518  may include a set of computer-executable instructions for managing hardware resources of the content streaming device  500  and for providing common services to other application programs (e.g., managing memory allocation among various application programs). In certain example embodiments, the O/S  518  may control execution of one or more of the program modules depicted as being stored in the data storage  516 . The O/S  518  may include any operating system now known or which may be developed in the future including, but not limited to, any server operating system, any mainframe operating system, or any other proprietary or non-proprietary operating system. 
     The DBMS  520  may be loaded into the memory  504  and may support functionality for accessing, retrieving, storing, and/or manipulating data stored in the memory  504  and/or data stored in the data storage  516 . The DBMS  520  may use any of a variety of database models (e.g., relational model, object model, etc.) and may support any of a variety of query languages. The DBMS  520  may access data represented in one or more data schemas and stored in any suitable data repository. In certain example embodiments, the DBMS  520  may be any suitable light-weight DBMS optimized for performance on a mobile device. 
     Referring now to other illustrative components of the content streaming device  500 , the input/output (I/O) interface(s)  506  may facilitate the receipt of input information by the content streaming device  500  from one or more I/O devices as well as the output of information from the content streaming device  500  to the one or more I/O devices. The I/O devices may include any of a variety of components such as a display or display screen having a touch surface or touchscreen; an audio output device for producing sound, such as a speaker; an audio capture device, such as a microphone; an image and/or video capture device, such as a camera; a haptic unit; and so forth. Any of these components may be integrated into the content streaming device  500  or may be separate. The I/O devices may further include, for example, any number of peripheral devices such as data storage devices, printing devices, and so forth. 
     The I/O interface(s)  506  may also include an interface for an external peripheral device connection such as universal serial bus (USB), FireWire, Thunderbolt, Ethernet port or other connection protocol that may connect to one or more networks. The I/O interface(s)  506  may also include a connection to one or more of the antenna(s)  532  to connect to one or more networks via a wireless local area network (WLAN) (such as Wi-Fi) radio, Bluetooth, and/or a wireless network radio, such as a radio capable of communication with a wireless communication network such as a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, WiMAX network, 3G network, etc. 
     The content streaming device  500  may further include one or more network interfaces  508  via which the content streaming device  500  may communicate with any of a variety of other systems, platforms, networks, devices, and so forth. The network interface(s)  508  may enable communication, for example, with the wireless router  108 , the host server  112 , and/or one or more web servers (e.g., the web server  406 ) via one or more of the network(s)  110 . 
     The antenna(s)  532  may include any suitable type of antenna depending, for example, on the communications protocols used to transmit or receive signals via the antenna(s)  532 . Non-limiting examples of suitable antennas may include directional antennas, non-directional antennas, dipole antennas, folded dipole antennas, patch antennas, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas, or the like. The antenna(s)  532  may be communicatively coupled to one or more transceivers  512  or radio components to which or from which signals may be transmitted or received. 
     As previously described, the antenna(s)  532  may include a cellular antenna configured to transmit or receive signals in accordance with established standards and protocols, such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), 3G standards (e.g., Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W-CDMA), CDMA2000, etc.), 4G standards (e.g., Long-Term Evolution (LTE), WiMax, etc.), direct satellite communications, or the like. 
     The antenna(s)  532  may additionally, or alternatively, include a Wi-Fi antenna configured to transmit or receive signals in accordance with established standards and protocols, such as the IEEE 502.11 family of standards, including via 2.4 GHz channels (e.g. 502.11b, 502.11g, 502.11n), 5 GHz channels (e.g. 502.11n, 502.11ac), or 60 GHZ channels (e.g. 502.11ad). In alternative example embodiments, the antenna(s)  532  may be configured to transmit or receive radio frequency signals within any suitable frequency range forming part of the unlicensed portion of the radio spectrum. 
     The antenna(s)  532  may additionally, or alternatively, include a GNSS antenna configured to receive GNSS signals from three or more GNSS satellites carrying time-position information to triangulate a position therefrom. Such a GNSS antenna may be configured to receive GNSS signals from any current or planned GNSS such as, for example, the Global Positioning System (GPS), the GLONASS System, the Compass Navigation System, the Galileo System, or the Indian Regional Navigational System. 
     The transceiver(s)  512  may include any suitable radio component(s) for—in cooperation with the antenna(s)  532 —transmitting or receiving radio frequency (RF) signals in the bandwidth and/or channels corresponding to the communications protocols utilized by the content streaming device  500  to communicate with other devices. The transceiver(s)  512  may include hardware, software, and/or firmware for modulating, transmitting, or receiving—potentially in cooperation with any of antenna(s)  532 —communications signals according to any of the communications protocols discussed above including, but not limited to, one or more Wi-Fi and/or Wi-Fi direct protocols, as standardized by the IEEE 502.11 standards, one or more non-Wi-Fi protocols, or one or more cellular communications protocols or standards. The transceiver(s)  512  may further include hardware, firmware, or software for receiving GNSS signals. The transceiver(s)  512  may include any known receiver and baseband suitable for communicating via the communications protocols utilized by the content streaming device  500 . The transceiver(s)  512  may further include a low noise amplifier (LNA), additional signal amplifiers, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, one or more buffers, a digital baseband, or the like. 
     The sensor(s)/sensor interface(s)  510  may include or may be capable of interfacing with any suitable type of sensing device such as, for example, inertial sensors, force sensors, thermal sensors, and so forth. Example types of inertial sensors may include accelerometers (e.g., MEMS-based accelerometers), gyroscopes, and so forth. 
     It should be appreciated that the program modules, applications, computer-executable instructions, code, or the like depicted in  FIG. 13  as being stored in the data storage  516  are merely illustrative and not exhaustive and that processing described as being supported by any particular module may alternatively be distributed across multiple modules or performed by a different module. In addition, various program module(s), script(s), plug-in(s), Application Programming Interface(s) (API(s)), or any other suitable computer-executable code hosted locally on the content streaming device  500 , and/or hosted on other computing device(s) accessible via one or more networks, may be provided to support functionality provided by the program modules, applications, or computer-executable code depicted in  FIG. 13  and/or additional or alternate functionality. Further, functionality may be modularized differently such that processing described as being supported collectively by the collection of program modules depicted in  FIG. 13  may be performed by a fewer or greater number of modules, or functionality described as being supported by any particular module may be supported, at least in part, by another module. In addition, program modules that support the functionality described herein may form part of one or more applications executable across any number of systems or devices in accordance with any suitable computing model such as, for example, a client-server model, a peer-to-peer model, and so forth. In addition, any of the functionality described as being supported by any of the program modules depicted in  FIG. 13  may be implemented, at least partially, in hardware and/or firmware across any number of devices. 
     It should further be appreciated that the content streaming device  500  may include alternate and/or additional hardware, software, or firmware components beyond those described or depicted without departing from the scope of the disclosure. More particularly, it should be appreciated that software, firmware, or hardware components depicted as forming part of the content streaming device  500  are merely illustrative and that some components may not be present or additional components may be provided in various embodiments. While various illustrative program modules have been depicted and described as software modules stored in data storage  516 , it should be appreciated that functionality described as being supported by the program modules may be enabled by any combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware. It should further be appreciated that each of the above-mentioned modules may, in various embodiments, represent a logical partitioning of supported functionality. This logical partitioning is depicted for ease of explanation of the functionality and may not be representative of the structure of software, hardware, and/or firmware for implementing the functionality. Accordingly, it should be appreciated that functionality described as being provided by a particular module may, in various embodiments, be provided at least in part by one or more other modules. Further, one or more depicted modules may not be present in certain embodiments, while in other embodiments, additional modules not depicted may be present and may support at least a portion of the described functionality and/or additional functionality. Moreover, while certain modules may be depicted and described as sub-modules of another module, in certain embodiments, such modules may be provided as independent modules or as sub-modules of other modules. 
     One or more operations of the methods, process flows, and use cases of  FIGS. 1-12  may be performed by a device having the illustrative configuration depicted in  FIG. 13 , or more specifically, by one or more engines, program modules, applications, or the like executable on such a device. It should be appreciated, however, that such operations may be implemented in connection with numerous other device configurations. 
     The operations described and depicted in the illustrative methods and process flows of  FIGS. 2-4  may be carried out or performed in any suitable order as desired in various example embodiments of the disclosure. Additionally, in certain example embodiments, at least a portion of the operations may be carried out in parallel. Furthermore, in certain example embodiments, less, more, or different operations than those depicted in  FIGS. 2-4  may be performed. 
     Although specific embodiments of the disclosure have been described, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that numerous other modifications and alternative embodiments are within the scope of the disclosure. For example, any of the functionality and/or processing capabilities described with respect to a particular device or component may be performed by any other device or component. Further, while various illustrative implementations and architectures have been described in accordance with embodiments of the disclosure, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that numerous other modifications to the illustrative implementations and architectures described herein are also within the scope of this disclosure. 
     Certain aspects of the disclosure are described above with reference to block and flow diagrams of systems, methods, apparatuses, and/or computer program products according to example embodiments. It will be understood that one or more blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and the flow diagrams, respectively, may be implemented by execution of computer-executable program instructions. Likewise, some blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams may not necessarily need to be performed in the order presented, or may not necessarily need to be performed at all, according to some embodiments. Further, additional components and/or operations beyond those depicted in blocks of the block and/or flow diagrams may be present in certain embodiments. 
     Accordingly, blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams support combinations of means for performing the specified functions, combinations of elements or steps for performing the specified functions, and program instruction means for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flow diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flow diagrams, may be implemented by special-purpose, hardware-based computer systems that perform the specified functions, elements or steps, or combinations of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
     Program modules, applications, or the like disclosed herein may include one or more software components including, for example, software objects, methods, data structures, or the like. Each such software component may include computer-executable instructions that, responsive to execution, cause at least a portion of the functionality described herein (e.g., one or more operations of the illustrative methods described herein) to be performed. 
     A software component may be coded in any of a variety of programming languages. An illustrative programming language may be a lower-level programming language such as an assembly language associated with a particular hardware architecture and/or operating system platform. A software component comprising assembly language instructions may require conversion into executable machine code by an assembler prior to execution by the hardware architecture and/or platform. 
     Another example programming language may be a higher-level programming language that may be portable across multiple architectures. A software component comprising higher-level programming language instructions may require conversion to an intermediate representation by an interpreter or a compiler prior to execution. 
     Other examples of programming languages include, but are not limited to, a macro language, a shell or command language, a job control language, a script language, a database query or search language, or a report writing language. In one or more example embodiments, a software component comprising instructions in one of the foregoing examples of programming languages may be executed directly by an operating system or other software component without having to be first transformed into another form. 
     A software component may be stored as a file or other data storage construct. Software components of a similar type or functionally related may be stored together such as, for example, in a particular directory, folder, or library. Software components may be static (e.g., pre-established or fixed) or dynamic (e.g., created or modified at the time of execution). 
     Software components may invoke or be invoked by other software components through any of a wide variety of mechanisms. Invoked or invoking software components may comprise other custom-developed application software, operating system functionality (e.g., device drivers, data storage (e.g., file management) routines, other common routines and services, etc.), or third-party software components (e.g., middleware, encryption, or other security software, database management software, file transfer or other network communication software, mathematical or statistical software, image processing software, and format translation software). 
     Software components associated with a particular solution or system may reside and be executed on a single platform or may be distributed across multiple platforms. The multiple platforms may be associated with more than one hardware vendor, underlying chip technology, or operating system. Furthermore, software components associated with a particular solution or system may be initially written in one or more programming languages, but may invoke software components written in another programming language. 
     Computer-executable program instructions may be loaded onto a special-purpose computer or other particular machine, a processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a particular machine, such that execution of the instructions on the computer, processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus causes one or more functions or operations specified in the flow diagrams to be performed. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium (CRSM) that upon execution may direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means that implement one or more functions or operations specified in the flow diagrams. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational elements or steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process. 
     Additional types of CRSM that may be present in any of the devices described herein may include, but are not limited to, programmable random access memory (PRAM), SRAM, DRAM, RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store the information and which can be accessed. Combinations of any of the above are also included within the scope of CRSM. Alternatively, computer-readable communication media (CRCM) may include computer-readable instructions, program modules, or other data transmitted within a data signal, such as a carrier wave, or other transmission. However, as used herein, CRSM does not include CRCM. 
     Although embodiments have been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described. Rather, the specific features and acts are disclosed as illustrative forms of implementing the embodiments. Conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments could include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements, and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, and/or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements, and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.