Patent Publication Number: US-2021161512-A1

Title: Urine-Sampling Kit And Methods Thereof

Description:
PRIORITY 
     This application claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/675,112, filed May 22, 2018, which is incorporated in its entirety into this application. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Hospitals around the country are understandably focusing their efforts on catheter-associated urinary tract infection (“CAUTI”) prevention bundles to achieve better outcomes, limit the risk of Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services (“CMS”) reimbursement penalties, and reduce the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. Historical prevention efforts have focused on closed systems, aseptic insertion technique, and maintenance of Foley-catheterized patients. However, despite 96% of nursing decision makers believing there is variation in how nurses within their facilities take urine samples from Foley catheters, there has been little to no broad-based focus to date on the significant variation associated with urine-sampling practice. 
     Research suggests there is variation in all aspects of urine sampling including where the urine sample is taken from the collection system, how the urine-sampling area is cleaned, what device is used to take the urine sample, and how the urine sample is transferred to the lab. This variation is a fundamental issue affecting documentation of CAUTI outcomes. In fact, 100% of nursing decision makers believe variation and improper urine-sampling technique can lead to an increased risk of contamination and therefore false-positive CAUTIs. Moreover, up to 70% of urine cultures reflect false-positive results leading to inaccurate CAUTI diagnoses and inappropriate antibiotic treatments, as well as artificially undermining the time and resources hospitals have dedicated toward reducing the risk of CAUTI by other means. This problem presents an ongoing challenge to those seeking to reduce CAUTI rates to avoid CMS reimbursement penalties. 
     Disclosed herein are urine-sampling kits and methods thereof that address at least the foregoing. 
     SUMMARY 
     Disclosed herein is a urine-sampling kit including, in some embodiments, a sampling-port access device, a package of hand sanitizer, a pair of sterile gloves, and a packaged antiseptic-saturated material having a cleansing form configured for cleansing. The sampling-port access device includes a barrel, a tip at an end of the barrel configured to fluidly connect the sampling-port access device to a urine-sampling port of a catheter assembly, and a hollow needle coaxial with the barrel. The needle is fluidly connected to but directed away from the tip of the barrel. Contents of the urine-sampling kit including the sampling-port access device, the package of hand sanitizer, the pair of sterile gloves, and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form are packaged in accordance with step-by-step instructions for aseptic urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes a fenestrated drape for placement over a patient. A fenestration of the fenestrated drape is configured to allow access to a urine-sampling port of a catheter assembly when the fenestrated drape is draped over the patient. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes a tubing clamp configured to clamp drainage tubing between a urine-sampling port and a drainage bag of a catheter assembly. Clamping the drainage tubing with the tubing clamp allows urine to back up into the urine-sampling port for urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes one or more septum-stoppered test tubes. Each test tube of the one or more test tubes has an internal pressure less than atmospheric pressure. 
     In some embodiments, each test tube of the one or more test tubes is independently configured to include therein a formulation for urinalysis, a formulation for microbiological analysis, or no additives or preservatives. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes central supply room (“CSR”) wrap wrapped around contents of the urine-sampling kit. The CSR wrap is configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the urine-sampling kit while wrapped around the contents of the urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes a molded tray including one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes an outer packaging of the urine-sampling kit. The outer packaging is configured to protect the urine-sampling kit from damage and loss of the components of the urine-sampling kit from a point of manufacturing the urine-sampling kit to a point of using the urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the urine-sampling kit further includes a molded tray, CSR wrap, and an outer packaging. The molded tray includes one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the urine-sampling kit. The CSR wrap is configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the urine-sampling kit while the CSR wrap is wrapped around the molded tray and the contents of the urine-sampling kit. The outer packaging of the urine-sampling kit is configured to protect the urine-sampling kit from damage and loss of the components of the urine-sampling kit from a point of manufacturing the urine-sampling kit to a point of using the urine-sampling kit. 
     Also disclosed herein is a catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit including a set of catheterization components and a set of urine-sampling components. The set of catheterization components includes a pre-connected catheter assembly including a urinary catheter, drainage tubing, and a connector fluidly connecting the urinary catheter to the drainage tubing. The connector includes a urine-sampling port. The set of urine-sampling components includes a sampling-port access device, a package of hand sanitizer, a pair of sterile gloves, and a packaged antiseptic-saturated material having a cleansing form configured for cleansing. The sampling-port access device includes a tip at an end of a barrel configured to fluidly connect the sampling-port access device to the urine-sampling port of the catheter assembly. Contents of the urine-sampling kit including the sampling-port access device, the package of hand sanitizer, the pair of sterile gloves, and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form are packaged in accordance with step-by-step instructions for aseptic urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, each of the urine-sampling port of the connector and the tip of the sampling-port access device has a complementary thread pattern to the other for locking the sampling-port access device onto the urine-sampling port. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes a first fenestrated drape and a second fenestrated drape. The first fenestrated drape is provided for placement over a patient. A fenestration of the first fenestrated drape is shaped and sized to allow access to the patient for insertion of the urinary catheter when the first fenestrated drape is draped over the patient. The second fenestrated drape is also provided for placement over the patient. A fenestration of the second fenestrated drape is shaped and sized to allow access to the urine-sampling port when the second fenestrated drape is draped over the patient. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes a bedsheet clip for securing the drainage tubing to one or more bedsheets. The bedsheet clip is also configured to clamp the drainage tubing between the urine-sampling port and a drainage bag of the catheter assembly. Clamping the drainage tubing with the tubing clamp allows urine to back up into the urine-sampling port for urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes one or more septum-stoppered test tubes. Each test tube of the one or more test tubes has an internal pressure less than atmospheric pressure. Each test tube of the one or more test tubes is also independently configured to include therein a formulation for urinalysis, a formulation for microbiological analysis, or no additives or preservatives. 
     In some embodiments, the sampling-port access device includes a hollow needle coaxial with the barrel of the sampling-port access device, wherein the needle is fluidly connected to but directed away from the tip of the barrel. Each test tube of the one or more test tubes has an outer diameter commensurate with or smaller than an inner diameter of the barrel of the sampling-port access device. Sized as such, each test tube is configured to slide into the barrel of the sampling-port access device to pierce the septum stopper of the test tube with the needle of the sampling-port access device for urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes CSR wrap wrapped around the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. The CSR wrap is configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit while wrapped around the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes a molded tray including one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes an outer packaging of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. The outer packaging is configured to protect the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from damage and loss of the components of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from a point of manufacturing the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit to a point of using the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     In some embodiments, the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit further includes a molded tray, CSR wrap, and an outer packaging. The molded tray includes one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. The CSR wrap is configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit while the CSR wrap is wrapped around the molded tray and the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. The outer packaging of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit is configured to protect the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from damage and loss of the components of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from a point of manufacturing the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit to a point of using the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     Also disclosed herein is a method for aseptic urine sampling including removing an outer packaging from a urine-sampling kit, aseptically unwrapping the urine-sampling kit, cleaning a urine-sampling port of a catheter assembly, fluidly connecting a sampling-port access device to the urine-sampling port, and aspirating a urine sample from the urine-sampling port. Removing the outer packaging from the urine-sampling kit includes exposing one or more steps of a set of step-by-step instructions incorporated into the urine-sampling kit for the urine sampling. Unwrapping the urine-sampling kit includes forming a sterile working surface of an inner surface of CSR wrap for the urine sampling. Unwrapping the urine-sampling kit also includes exposing additional steps of the step-by-step instructions as well as sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit disposed over the sterile working surface. The sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit include at least the sampling-port access device and a packaged antiseptic-saturated material having a cleansing form configured for cleansing. The sampling-port access device includes a tip at an end of a barrel configured to fluidly connect the sampling-port access device to the urine-sampling port of the catheter assembly. Cleaning the urine-sampling port or the catheter assembly includes cleaning the urine-sampling port with the antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form. 
     In some embodiments, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes obtaining one or more septum-stoppered test tubes and sliding at least one test tube of the one or more test tubes into the barrel of the sampling-port access device. The one or more septum-stoppered test tubes are optionally obtained from the urine-sampling kit if provided therein. Each test tube of the one or more test tubes has an internal pressure less than atmospheric pressure. Sliding the at least one test tube of the one or more test tubes into the barrel of the sampling-port access device pierces the septum stopper of the test tube with a hollow needle disposed in the barrel of the sampling-port access device. Once the needle pierces the septum stopper of the test tube, urine is automatically aspirated into the test tube from the urine-sampling port due to the less-than-atmospheric internal pressure of the test tube to provide a urine sample. 
     In some embodiments, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes clamping drainage tubing of the catheter assembly with a tubing clamp or a bedsheet clip between the urine-sampling port and a drainage bag of a catheter assembly. Clamping the drainage tube with the tubing clamp or bedsheet clip allows urine to back up into the urine-sampling port for urine sampling. 
     In some embodiments, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes aseptically removing a package of hand sanitizer provided in the urine-sampling kit from the sterile working surface and subsequently using the hand sanitizer for hand antisepsis. In addition, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes removing a pair of sterile gloves provided in the urine-sampling kit from the sterile working surface and subsequently donning the pair of sterile gloves. 
     In some embodiments, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes donning a pair of exam gloves before removing the outer packaging from the urine-sampling kit. Because the pair of exam gloves has a potential to get contaminated by the outer packaging of the urine-sampling kit, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes removing the pair of exam gloves after removing the outer packaging from the urine-sampling kit. Optionally following additional hand washing or hand antisepsis, the method for aseptic urine sampling further includes aseptically unwrapping the urine-sampling kit to expose the sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit. 
    
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  provides a schematic illustrating an unopened urine-sampling kit in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2A  provides a schematic illustrating a first unwrapped urine-sampling kit in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 2B  provides a schematic illustrating a second unwrapped urine-sampling kit in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG. 3  provides a schematic illustrating an exclusive connection between a sampling-port access device and a urine-sampling port of a connector in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     Before some particular embodiments are disclosed in greater detail, it should be understood that the particular embodiments disclosed herein do not limit the scope of the concepts provided herein. It should also be understood that a particular embodiment disclosed herein can have features that can be readily separated from the particular embodiment and optionally combined with or substituted for features of any of a number of other embodiments disclosed herein. 
     Regarding terms used herein, it should also be understood the terms are for the purpose of describing some particular embodiments, and the terms do not limit the scope of the concepts provided herein. Ordinal numbers (e.g., first, second, third, etc.) are generally used to distinguish or identify different features or steps in a group of features or steps, and do not supply a serial or numerical limitation. For example, “first,” “second,” and “third” features or steps need not necessarily appear in that order, and the particular embodiments including such features or steps need not necessarily be limited to the three features or steps. Labels such as “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “forward,” “reverse,” “clockwise,” “counter clockwise,” “up,” “down,” or other similar terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “aft,” “fore,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “proximal,” “distal,” and the like are used for convenience and are not intended to imply, for example, any particular fixed location, orientation, or direction. Instead, such labels are used to reflect, for example, relative location, orientation, or directions. Singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. 
     With respect to “proximal,” a “proximal portion” or a “proximal end portion” of, for example, a catheter disclosed herein includes a portion of the catheter intended to be near a clinician when the catheter is used on a patient. Likewise, a “proximal length” of, for example, the catheter includes a length of the catheter intended to be near the clinician when the catheter is used on the patient. A “proximal end” of, for example, the catheter includes an end of the catheter intended to be near the clinician when the catheter is used on the patient. The proximal portion, the proximal end portion, or the proximal length of the catheter can include the proximal end of the catheter; however, the proximal portion, the proximal end portion, or the proximal length of the catheter need not include the proximal end of the catheter. That is, unless context suggests otherwise, the proximal portion, the proximal end portion, or the proximal length of the catheter is not a terminal portion or terminal length of the catheter. 
     With respect to “distal,” a “distal portion” or a “distal end portion” of, for example, a catheter disclosed herein includes a portion of the catheter intended to be near or in a patient when the catheter is used on the patient. Likewise, a “distal length” of, for example, the catheter includes a length of the catheter intended to be near or in the patient when the catheter is used on the patient. A “distal end” of, for example, the catheter includes an end of the catheter intended to be near or in the patient when the catheter is used on the patient. The distal portion, the distal end portion, or the distal length of the catheter can include the distal end of the catheter; however, the distal portion, the distal end portion, or the distal length of the catheter need not include the distal end of the catheter. That is, unless context suggests otherwise, the distal portion, the distal end portion, or the distal length of the catheter is not a terminal portion or terminal length of the catheter. 
     Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     When a patient catheterized with a urinary catheter requires a urine sample, the urine sample is collected in one of a number of different ways using one of a variety of different products to collect the urine sample. Typically, the urine sample is collected using a “clean” procedure, which is not aseptic and, thus, does not avoid contamination of the urine sample. It has been determined that such variation in urine sampling including where the urine sample is taken from a collection system, how the urine-sampling area is cleaned, what device is used to take the urine sample, and how the urine sample is transferred to the lab can lead to an increased risk of false-positive urine cultures. This, in turn, can lead to incorrect CAUTI diagnoses and inappropriate antibiotic treatments. As such, this variation in urine sampling is a fundamental issue presenting an ongoing challenge to those seeking to reduce CAUTI rates to avoid CMS reimbursement penalties. In addition, Centers for Disease Control (“CDC”) guidelines state urine sampling from a urinary catheter should be performed using aseptic technique. 
     Disclosed herein are urine-sampling kits and methods thereof that address at least the foregoing. For example, the urine-sampling kits include instructions for a step-by-step approach to aseptic urine sampling from a urinary catheter using contents of the urine-sampling kits in order to limit the variation seen with current urine-sampling practice. The urine-sampling kits provide single-kit solutions for aseptic urine sampling from urinary catheters. 
     A urine-sampling kit can stand alone as in a stand-alone urine-sampling kit, or a urine-sampling kit can be integrated into a catheterization kit as in a combination catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. Description for urine-sampling kits applies to both types of sampling kits; however, a separate section is included for combination catheterization-and-urine-sampling kits as such kits include additional catheterization contents and arrangements thereof. 
     Urine-Sampling Kits 
       FIG. 1  provides a schematic illustrating an unopened urine-sampling kit  100  in accordance with some embodiments. In addition to the urine-sampling kit  100  representing an unopened urine-sampling kit as shown in  FIG. 1 , the urine-sampling kit  100  also generically refers to a urine-sampling kit disclosed herein such as either urine-sampling kit of urine-sampling kits  200 A and  200 B respectively of  FIGS. 2A and 2B . Context determines the meaning. 
     As shown, the urine-sampling kit  100  can include an outer packaging  102  for the urine-sampling kit  100 , a wrap or wrapping  104  about contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 , and information-providing materials  106 . The information-providing materials  106  can include one or more products labels, brochures, general instructions, directions for use, patient or family education cards, sticker sheets (for procedure-related labeling), or the like. 
     The outer packaging  102  can be configured to protect the urine-sampling kit  100  from damage and loss of the components of the urine-sampling kit  100  from a point of manufacturing the urine-sampling kit  100  to a point of using the urine-sampling kit  100 . The outer packaging  102  can be a plastic such as high-density polyethylene (“HDPE”), low-density polyethylene (“LDPE”), liner low-density polyethylene (“LLDPE”), medium-density polyethylene (“MDPE”), polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”), polypropylene (“PP”), Tyvek®, or the like. 
     The wrap or wrapping  104  about the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  can include CSR wrap wrapped or rolled around the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 . The CSR wrap can be configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  while the CSR wrap is wrapped around the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 . 
     The information-providing materials  106  can include a label, a card, or a band about the wrap or wrapping  104  including instructions for one or more steps of a set of step-by-step instructions incorporated into the urine-sampling kit  100  for preparing a patient for urine sampling and taking a urine sample. Additional steps of the step-by-step instructions are provided by way of more of the information-providing material  106  within the urine-sampling kit  100 . 
     While not shown in  FIG. 1 , the urine-sampling kit  100  can include one or more hand cleansing or antisepsis products within the outer packaging  102  but on top of the wrap or wrapping  104  along with the information-providing materials  106 . Such hand cleansing or antisepsis products include one or more packages of antiseptic wipes, hand sanitizer, or the like. 
       FIG. 2A  provides a schematic illustrating a first unwrapped urine-sampling kit  200 A in accordance with some embodiments. The urine-sampling kit  200 A can be the urine-sampling kit  100  of  FIG. 1  with the outer packaging  102  removed and flaps of the wrap or wrapping  104  about the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  turned over as shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     As shown, the urine-sampling kit  200 A can include a number of sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit  200 A disposed over a sterile working surface  105 , which is an inner surface of the wrap or wrapping  104 . The contents can include, but are not limited to, a sampling-port access device  110 , a package of hand sanitizer  122 , a pair of sterile gloves  124 , and a packaged antiseptic-saturated material having a cleansing form  132  that is configured for cleansing such as a packaged antiseptic wipe, towelette, or swabstick. Contents of the urine-sampling kit including the sampling-port access device  110 , the package of hand sanitizer  122 , the pair of sterile gloves  124 , and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132  can be packaged in accordance with step-by-step instructions for aseptic urine sampling. Some of the instructions can be exposed or unveiled as one or more pieces of the contents are removed from the urine-sampling kit  100 , which can include variations in the urine sampling. 
     The sampling-port access device  110  can include a barrel  312 , a tip  314  at an end of the barrel  312  configured to fluidly connect the sampling-port access device  110  to a urine-sampling port  322  of a catheter assembly  300 , and a hollow needle  316  coaxial with the barrel  312 . The needle  316  is fluidly connected to but directed away from the tip  314  of the barrel. (See  FIG. 3  for the barrel  312 , the tip  314 , and the needle  316  of the sampling port access device  110  and the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300 .) 
     The urine-sampling kit  200 A can further include a fenestrated drape  134  for placement over a patient when preparing to take a urine sample and while taking the urine sample. A fenestration of the fenestrated drape can be shaped and sized to allow access to the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300  when the fenestrated drape  134  is draped over the patient. The fenestrated drape  134  is configured to provide a protective covering that prevents contamination of the urine-sampling port  322  by, for example, fecal matter or pathogens from another source, thereby reducing urine-sample contamination, which can otherwise lead to false-positive results. The fenestrated drape  134  can also lead to a decreased risk of CAUTI due to migration of microorganisms up an external surface of the urinary catheter. 
       FIG. 2B  provides a schematic illustrating a second unwrapped urine-sampling kit  200 B in accordance with some embodiments. The urine-sampling kit  200 B can be the urine-sampling kit  100  of  FIG. 1  with the outer packaging  102  removed and the flaps of the wrap or wrapping  104  about the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  turned over as shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     As shown, the urine-sampling kit  200 B can include the number of sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit  200 A disposed over the sterile working surface  105  as well as additional contents to the urine-sampling kit  200 A. The additional contents can include, but are not limited to, the fenestrated drape  134 , a tubing clamp  136 , and one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140 . In addition, the contents of any urine-sampling kit disclosed herein can be in a molded tray  108  such as that shown in  FIG. 2B . 
     The molded tray  108  can include one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 . The step-by-step instructions for aseptic urine sampling with the urine-sampling kit  100  such as in the information-providing materials  106  can be distributed among the one or more compartments. Again, some of the instructions can even be exposed or unveiled as one or more pieces of the contents are removed from the urine-sampling kit  100 . In such instances, the instructions can be molded into or written onto the molded tray  108 . 
     The molded tray  108  can be molded from, for example, high-impact polystyrene (“HIPS”). Due to the molding process, the molded tray  108  has one or more characteristics of being molded, which can include slight imperfections that do not affect the performance of the molded tray  108 . 
     The tubing clamp  136  can be configured to clamp drainage tubing  332  between a urine-sampling port  322  and a drainage bag of a catheter assembly  300 . (See  FIG. 3  for the drainage tubing  332 , the urine-sampling port  322 , and the catheter assembly  300 .) Clamping the drainage tubing  332  with the tubing clamp  136  allows urine to back up into the urine-sampling port  322  for urine sampling. 
     Each test tube of the one or more test tubes  140  can be stoppered and evacuated to have an internal pressure less than atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, each test tube of the one or more test tubes can be round-bottomed or conical to accommodate different analytical instrumentation. Moreover, each test tube of the one or more test tubes can have an outer diameter commensurate with or smaller than an inner diameter of the barrel  312  of the sampling-port access device  110 . Sized as such, each test tube is configured to slide into the barrel  312  sampling-port access device  110  to pierce the septum stopper of the test tube with the needle  316  of the sampling-port access device  110  for urine sampling. (See  FIG. 3  for the barrel  312 , the tip  314 , and the needle  316  of the sampling port access device  110 .) 
     Each test tube of the one or more test tubes can also be independently configured to include therein a formulation for urinalysis, a formulation for microbiological analysis, or no additives or preservatives. The formulation for urinalysis can include chlorhexidine, ethylparaben, and sodium propionate to ensure sample integrity for up to at least 72 hours at room temperature while preventing overgrowth of existing microorganisms. The formulation for microbiological analysis can include boric acid, sodium formate, and sodium borate to maintain sample integrity for up to at least 48 hours at room temperature while preventing overgrowth or false positives without causing toxicity to existing microorganisms. 
     In view of the foregoing, the urine-sampling kit  100  can include the molded tray  108 , CSR wrap, and the outer packaging  102 . The molded tray  108  can include one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 , which can include, but is not limited to, the sampling-port access device  110 , the package of hand sanitizer  122 , the pair of sterile gloves  124 , the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132 , the fenestrated drape  134 , the tubing clamp  136 , the one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140 , or a combination thereof. The information-providing materials  106  are also included in the one or more compartments and, optionally, even molded into or written onto the molded tray  108 . The CSR wrap can be configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  while the CSR wrap is wrapped around the molded tray  108  and the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100 . The outer packaging  102  of the urine-sampling kit  100  can be configured to protect the urine-sampling kit  100  from damage and loss of the components of the urine-sampling kit  100  from a point of manufacturing the urine-sampling kit  100  to a point of using the urine-sampling kit  100 . 
     Combination Catheterization-and-Urine-Sampling Kits 
     As discussed above, a urine-sampling kit can stand alone or be integrated into a catheterization kit to form a combination catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. Such a catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can include the urine-sampling kit  100  set forth above, or a variation thereof, in combination with features of the catheterization kits disclosed in the following co-pending patent applications titled “Catheter Insertion Tray with Integrated Instructions:” U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/029,613, filed as a U.S. national stage application from International Patent Application No. PCT/US14/60963, filed Oct. 16, 2014, and published as US 2016-0228676, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/487,297, filed Apr. 13, 2017, and published as US 2017-0216558, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application. 
     The catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can include a set of catheterization components and a set of urine-sampling components. As shown in  FIG. 3 , the set of catheterization components can include a pre-connected catheter assembly  300  including a urinary catheter  310  (e.g., a Foley catheter), drainage tubing  332 , and a connector  320  fluidly connecting the urinary catheter  310  to the drainage tubing  332 . The connector  320  can include a urine-sampling port  322 . The set of urine-sampling components can include the sampling-port access device  110 , the package of hand sanitizer  122 , the pair of sterile gloves  124 , and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132  as shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2B  and described in association therewith. Optionally, the set of urine-sampling components can further include the one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140  shown in  FIG. 2B  and described in association therewith. Contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  including the sampling-port access device  110 , the package of hand sanitizer  122 , the pair of sterile gloves  124 , and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132  are packaged in accordance with step-by-step instructions for aseptic urine sampling. Providing the contents of the catheterization kit together with the contents of urine-sampling kit  100  makes effective use of an exclusive connection between the sampling-port access device  110  and the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300  providing further assurance urine samples are collected aseptically without equipment-mismatching errors that might contaminate the urine samples. 
     The catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can further include a first fenestrated drape and a second fenestrated drape such as the fenestrated drape  134 . The first fenestrated drape can be provided for placement over a patient. A fenestration of the first fenestrated drape can be shaped and sized to allow access to the patient for insertion of the urinary catheter  310  when the first fenestrated drape is draped over the patient. The second fenestrated drape (e.g., the fenestrated drape  134 ) can also be provided for placement over the patient. A fenestration of the second fenestrated drape can be shaped and sized to allow access to the urine-sampling port  322  when the second fenestrated drape is draped over the patient. The catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can further include a protective drape to protect the urine-sampling port  322  prior to a first urine-sampling event and between urine sampling events. 
     The catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can further include a bedsheet clip for securing the drainage tubing  332  to one or more bedsheets. The bedsheet clip can also be configured to clamp the drainage tubing  332  between the urine-sampling port  322  and a drainage bag of the catheter assembly  300  obviating a need for a separate tubing clamp such as the tubing clamp  136  shown in  FIG. 2B  and described in association therewith. That said, the tubing clamp  136  can be provided in the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit to allow for securing the drainage tubing  332  to one or more bedsheets with the bedsheet clip while clamping the drainage tubing  332  with the tubing clamp  136 . Clamping the drainage tubing  332  with the bedsheet clip allows urine to back up into the connector  320  and the urine-sampling port  322  for urine sampling. 
     The catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can further include a molded tray, a wrap or wrapping such as CSR wrap, an outer packaging, or a combination thereof like that shown in  FIGS. 1, 2A, and 2B  and described in association therewith. The molded tray can include one or more compartments configured to hold the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit, which can include, but is not limited to, the set of catheterization components (e.g., the pre-connected catheter assembly  300  including the urinary catheter  310 , the drainage tubing  332 , and the connector  320  fluidly, the first fenestrated drape, the bedsheet clip, or a combination thereof) and the set of urine-sampling components (e.g., the sampling-port access device  110 , the package of hand sanitizer  122 , the pair of sterile gloves  124 , the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132 , the second fenestrated drape, the tubing clamp  136 , the one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140 , or a combination thereof). Information-providing materials such as the information-providing materials  106  can also be included in the one or more compartments of the molded tray and, optionally, even molded into or written onto the molded tray. The CSR wrap can be configured to preserve a sterile state of the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit while the CSR wrap is wrapped around the molded tray and the contents of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. The outer packaging of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can be configured to protect the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from damage and loss of the components of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit from a point of manufacturing the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit to a point of using the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     Exclusive Connection of the Sampling-Port Access Device 
       FIG. 3  provides a schematic illustrating an exclusive connection between the sampling-port access device  110  and the urine-sampling port  322  of the connector  320  in accordance with some embodiments. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , the sampling-port access device  110  includes a tip  314  at an end of a barrel  312  configured to fluidly and exclusively connect the sampling-port access device  110  to the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300 . Each of the urine-sampling port of the connector  320  and the tip  314  of the sampling-port access device  110  has a complementary thread pattern to the other for locking the sampling-port access device  110  onto the urine-sampling port  322 . Embodiments of urine-sampling port devices with an exclusive connection are disclosed in U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/674,956, filed on May 22, 2018, and titled “Systems For Aseptic Urine Sampling And Methods Thereof,” which is incorporated by reference in its entirety into this application. 
     Methods 
     Contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  or the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit are packaged in accordance with step-by-step instructions for a method of aseptic urine sampling. Such step-by-step instructions include how to aseptically prepare a patient for taking a urine sample, take the urine sample from the patient by way of from the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300 , and finish taking the urine sample from the patient, thereby reducing healthcare-associated infections (“HAIs”) such as CAUTIs. The method for aseptic urine sampling will be described in terms of using the urine-sampling kit  100  with the understanding that the method also applies to urine sampling with the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. 
     The method for aseptic urine sampling includes, but is not limited to, removing an outer packaging from a urine-sampling kit such as the outer packaging  102  from the urine-sampling kit  100 , aseptically unwrapping the urine-sampling kit  100 , cleaning a urine-sampling port of a catheter assembly such as the urine-sampling port  322  of the catheter assembly  300 , optionally, either before or after aseptically unwrapping the urine-sampling kit  100 , fluidly connecting a sampling-port access device such as the sampling-port access device  110  to the urine-sampling port  322 , and aspirating a urine sample from the urine-sampling port  322 . 
     Removing the outer packaging  102  from the urine-sampling kit  100  includes exposing one or more steps of the set of step-by-step instructions incorporated into the urine-sampling kit  100  for the urine sampling. Any additional materials such as brochures or education-oriented cards of the information-providing material  106  about the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  can be set aside while the outer packaging  102  and any additional packaging can be properly discarded. Removing the outer packaging  102  from the urine-sampling kit  100  can further include exposing the hand sanitizer  122  for hand antisepsis and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132 . 
     Unwrapping the urine-sampling kit  100  such as by unrolling a roll of C SR wrap around the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  or turning corners of CSR wrap over (see  FIG. 1 ) includes forming the sterile working surface  105  of an inner surface of the CSR wrap for the urine sampling. Unwrapping the urine-sampling kit  100  also includes exposing additional steps of the step-by-step instructions as well as sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  disposed over the sterile working surface  105 . The sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit include those packaged within the wrap or wrapping  104  such as at least the sampling-port access device  110  and the packaged antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form  132 . 
     Cleaning the urine-sampling port or the catheter assembly includes cleaning the urine-sampling port with the antiseptic-saturated material having the cleansing form. 
     The method for aseptic urine sampling can further include obtaining the one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140  and sliding at least one test tube of the one or more test tubes  140  into the barrel  312  of the sampling-port access device  110 . The one or more septum-stoppered test tubes  140  are optionally obtained from the urine-sampling kit  100  if provided therein. If not provided in the urine-sampling kit  100 , the one or more test tubes  140  can be obtained from, for example, a central supply department. Sliding the at least one test tube of the one or more test tubes  140  into the barrel  312  of the sampling-port access device  110  pierces the septum stopper of the test tube with the hollow needle  316  disposed in the barrel  312  of the sampling-port access device  110 . Once the needle  316  pierces the septum stopper of the test tube, urine is automatically aspirated into the test tube from the urine-sampling port  322  due to the less-than-atmospheric internal pressure of the test tube to provide a urine sample. 
     The method for aseptic urine sampling can further include clamping the drainage tubing  332  of the catheter assembly  300  with the tubing clamp  136  (or the bedsheet clip of the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit) between the urine-sampling port  322  and the drainage bag of the catheter assembly  300 . Clamping the drainage tubing  332  with the tubing clamp  136  (or the bedsheet clip) allows urine to back up into the urine-sampling port  322  for urine sampling. 
     The method for aseptic urine sampling can further include aseptically removing the package of hand sanitizer  122  provided in the urine-sampling kit  100  from the sterile working surface  105 , if provided as such, and subsequently using the hand sanitizer  122  for hand antisepsis. In addition, the method for aseptic urine sampling can further include removing the pair of sterile gloves  124  provided in the urine-sampling kit  100  from the sterile working surface  105  and subsequently donning the pair of sterile gloves  124 . 
     In some embodiments, the method for aseptic urine sampling can further include handwashing or hand antisepsis and subsequently donning a pair of exam gloves before removing the outer packaging  102  from the urine-sampling kit  100 . Because the pair of exam gloves has a potential to get contaminated by the outer packaging  102  of the urine-sampling kit  100 , the method for aseptic urine sampling can further include removing the pair of exam gloves after removing the outer packaging  102  from the urine-sampling kit  100 . Optionally following additional hand washing or hand antisepsis, the method for aseptic urine sampling can further include aseptically unwrapping the urine-sampling kit  100  to expose the sterile contents of the urine-sampling kit. 
     Following the method for aseptic urine sampling, the urine sample or samples in the one or more test tubes can be labeled, optionally refrigerated, and subsequently put in a transport pouch for transport to a lab for urinalysis or microbiological analysis. 
     The urine-sampling kit  100  and the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can be manufactured by first manufacturing the contents of the urine-sampling kit  100  and the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit. A molded tray such as the molded tray  108  can be molded in accordance with the urine-sampling kit  100  or the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit and filled with the contents thereof. The molded tray can be wrapped in a wrap or wrapping  104  such as CSR wrap and placed in a bag of the outer packaging  102 . Once in the bag of the outer packaging  102 , the entire urine-sampling kit  100  or catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit can be sterilized by way of gas sterilization and sealed in the bag. 
     An advantage of the urine-sampling kit  100  or the catheterization-and-urine-sampling kit and the aseptic urine-sampling method includes a standardization of clinical practice for taking urine samples from catheterized patients, thereby eliminating the risk of patient infection, contaminated samples (by sample-port contamination), and false-positive urine cultures. Furthermore, the method of aseptic urine sampling ensures compliance with CDC guidelines related thereto. 
     While some particular embodiments have been disclosed herein, and while the particular embodiments have been disclosed in some detail, it is not the intention for the particular embodiments to limit the scope of the concepts provided herein. Additional adaptations and/or modifications can appear to those of ordinary skill in the art, and, in broader aspects, these adaptations and/or modifications are encompassed as well. Accordingly, departures may be made from the particular embodiments disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the concepts provided herein.