Patent Publication Number: US-2021177084-A1

Title: Intelligent hard hat

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 62/870,071, which was filed on Jul. 3, 2019, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This disclosure relates to implementations of an intelligent hard hat. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Linemen construct and maintain overhead utility lines used for the transmission and distribution of electrical power or telecommunications such as telephone, cable television, or internet services. For example,  FIG. 1  illustrates a lineman working on an overhead power line. Linemen often work in dangerous conditions, particularly such as in storms or at night. As shown in  FIG. 1 , linemen also work high off the ground. Linemen often have to wear large, thick rubber gloves for protection against electrocution while working on or near energized power lines. As shown in  FIG. 1 , linemen also have to wear hard hats for protection against head injuries from impacts, and the hard hats also provide protection from sunlight (including UV rays), rain and other precipitation, and dust and debris. 
     Linemen often have to communicate with other persons who are on the ground or in the office while working on overhead utility lines, such as with a co-worker or supervisor. However, handheld communications equipment, such as a radio or phone, are difficult for linemen to use while typically using both hands to work on overhead utility lines, such as shown in  FIG. 1 , or while wearing the protective rubber gloves for working as described above. Linemen also often need their work on overhead utility lines to be viewed by a supervisor or co-worker on the ground for directing or training the linemen on what to do. However, there does not exist an apparatus for linemen to use hands-free that provides live images of the linemen and their surroundings while working on overhead utility lines to persons on the ground or other locations. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates a lineman working on an overhead power line. 
         FIG. 2A  illustrates a front view of an implementation of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2B  illustrates a back view of the implementation of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2C  illustrates a side view of the implementation of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 2D-2F  illustrate bottom views of the implementation of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 3A-3C  illustrate other implementations of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIGS. 4A-4J  illustrate another implementation of an example intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates an implementation of an example environment of an intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates an example computer system, which may be used with implementations of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Implementations of an intelligent hard hat are provided. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises a hard hat or hard hat shell. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more lighting components, such as one or more lights, lamps, and/or light display. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more audio components, such as one or more microphones and/or speakers. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more video components, such as one or more cameras. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more communication components, such as one or more transmitters and/or receivers. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more conditioning components, such as one or more cooling fans, heating units, and/or vents. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more power source components, such as one or more batteries and/or charging modules. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat comprises one or more control components, such as one or more processors, modules, relays, and/or switches, wherein the processors, modules, and/or relays may collectively form a computer system. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat while working on an overhead utility line to have hands-free wireless voice and/or audio communication between the lineman and a supervisor, co-worker, or other person using a phone, radio, portable computing device, etc. on the ground, in the office, or elsewhere. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to allow a supervisor, co-worker, or other person on the ground or elsewhere using a mobile or portable computing device to view live images and/or other suitable visual imaging of a lineman and/or the surroundings adjacent to the lineman while the lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat and working on an overhead utility line. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to provide lighting for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat to see while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to provide a lighted and/or reflective display for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat to be noticed and/or seen by others while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to provide ventilation, cooling, and/or heating for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to provide ventilation, cooling, and/or heating for one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat is configured to provide a rechargeable power source operation of the intelligent hard hat. 
     In some implementations, an example method of using the intelligent hard hat comprises a lineman putting on the intelligent hard hat. In some implementations, the method comprises the lineman working on an overhead utility line while wearing the intelligent hard hat. 
     In some implementations, the method comprises the lineman using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat while working on the overhead line, such as by using one or more of the lighting components, the audio components, the video components, the communication components, the conditioning components, the power source components, and/or the control components. 
       FIG. 1  illustrates a lineman  10  working on an overhead power line  50 . Linemen  10  construct and maintain overhead utility lines  50  used for the transmission and distribution of electrical power or telecommunications such as telephone, cable television, or internet services. Linemen  10  often work in dangerous conditions, particularly such as in storms or at night. As shown in  FIG. 1 , linemen  10  also work high off the ground. Linemen  10  often have to wear large, thick rubber gloves for protection against electrocution while working on or near energized power lines. As shown in  FIG. 1 , linemen  10  also have to wear hard hats  30  for protection against head injuries from impacts, and the hard hats  30  also provide protection from sunlight (including UV rays), rain and other precipitation, and dust and debris. 
     Linemen  10  often have to communicate with other persons who are on the ground or in the office while working on overhead utility lines  50 , such as with a co-worker or supervisor. However, handheld communications equipment, such as a radio or phone, are difficult for linemen to use while typically using both hands to work on overhead utility lines  50 , such as shown in  FIG. 1 , or while wearing the protective rubber gloves for working as described above. Linemen  10  also often need their work on overhead utility lines  50  to be viewed by a supervisor or co-worker on the ground for directing or training the linemen  10  on what to do. However, there does not exist an apparatus for linemen  10  to use hands-free that provides live images of the linemen  10  and their surroundings while working on overhead utility lines  50  to persons on the ground or other locations. 
       FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C, and 2D-2F  illustrate front, back, side, and bottom views respectively of an implementation of an example intelligent hard hat  100  according to the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG. 2A , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises a hard hat or hard hat shell  130 . As shown in  FIGS. 2A-2B , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more lighting components, such as one or more lights  114 , lamps  119 , and/or light displays  120 . As shown in  FIG. 2A , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more audio components, such as one or more microphones  116  and/or speakers  111 . As shown in  FIG. 2A , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more video components, such as one or more cameras  115 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more communication components, such as one or more transmitters  107  and/or receivers  108 . As shown in  FIGS. 2C-2D , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more conditioning components (e.g., ambient environment conditioning components), such as one or more cooling fans  112 , heating units  113 , and/or vents  117 . As shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2D , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more power source components, such as one or more batteries  104  and/or charging modules  106 . As shown in  FIG. 2D , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises one or more control components, such as one or more processors  101 , modules  102 , relays  103 , and/or switches  118 , wherein the processors  101 , modules  102 , and/or relays  103  may collectively form a computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103 . 
       FIGS. 3A-3C  illustrate other implementations of an example intelligent hard hat  100 A,  100 B that are generally the same or similar to the intelligent hard hat  100  of  FIGS. 2A-2F  and further illustrate one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the hard hat  130  of the intelligent hard hat  100  may comprise a cap style, front brim, or partial brim hard hat  130 A such as shown in  FIG. 3A . In some implementations, the hard hat  130  of the intelligent hard hat  100  may comprise a full brim or surrounding brim hard hat  130 B such as shown in  FIG. 3B . In some implementations, the hard hat  130  may comprise any other suitable style of hard hat. 
     In some implementations, the hard hat  130  is configured for use by linemen, such as the linemen  10  described above with respect to  FIG. 1 . For example, in some implementations, the hard hat  130  comprises electrical and/or mechanical properties that are specifically suitable for use of the hard hat  130  by linemen. In some implementations, the hard hat  130  comprises any other suitable features for use of the hard hat  130  by linemen. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3C  and described more below, in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  may be configured to allow various inter-device communication (e.g., audio, video, data, etc.) between two or more intelligent hard hats  100 . For example, in some implementations, a supervisor wearing an intelligent hard hat  100 B may be able to communicate by voice, image, etc. with one or more subordinates wearing an intelligent hard hat  100 A through inter-device communication features of the intelligent hard hat  100 . Similarly, the subordinates (e.g., co-workers) wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 A may be able to communicate by voice, image, etc. with each other and/or the supervisor wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 B through the inter-device communication features of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     Referring back to  FIGS. 2A-2F  for the description of the intelligent hard hat  100 , as shown in  FIG. 2A , in some implementations, the lights  114  of the lighting components may comprise one or more light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In some implementations, the lights  114  may comprise any other suitable light source. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2F , in some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to the brim or bill  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to the bottom side or underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to a position on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the lights  114  position respectively adjacent to (e.g., at or near) the eyes of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the lights  114  position respectively adjacent to the line of sight of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the lights  114  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the lights  114  position respectively to provide lighting for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to see in or around the direction the lineman is facing while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the lights  114  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the lights  114  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the lights  114  are configured to provide lighting for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to see in or around the direction the lineman is facing while working in darkness or other low light conditions. In some implementations, the lights  114  may be configured to provide lighting in any other suitable manner in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the lamp  119  of the lighting components may comprise one or more silicon diode lamps. In some implementations, the lamp  119  may comprise any other suitable light source. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2B and 2D , in some implementations, the lamp  119  is attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the lamp  119  is attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the lamp  119  is attached to a position on the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the lamp  119  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the lamp  119  lights up an area behind a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 , e.g. such that the lineman can be seen from behind while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the lamp  119  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the lamp  119  lights up an area below the intelligent hard hat  100  while being worn by a lineman working in darkness or other low light conditions. In some implementations, such area below the intelligent hard hat  100  may include the ground or other area for standing and/or walking while the lineman is working in darkness or other low light conditions. In some implementations, such area below the intelligent hard hat  100  may include an area adjacent to the lineman so that the lineman can see what the lineman is holding and/or working on in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the lamp  119  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the lamp  119  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the lamp  119  is configured to light up an area below the intelligent hard hat  100  while being worn by a lineman working in darkness or other low light conditions. In some implementations, the lamp  119  may be configured to light up any other suitable area adjacent to the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , in some implementations, the light display  120  of the lighting components may comprise one or more LEDs. In some implementations, the light display  120  may comprise any other suitable light source. 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  may further comprise one or more reflective surfaces. For example, in some implementations, such reflective surfaces may be integrated with the light source such as the LEDs. In some implementations, the light display  120  may further comprise any other suitable reflective element. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , in some implementations, the light display  120  is attached to the upper portion or dome  130   b  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the light display  120  is attached to the dome  130   b  adjacent to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  is attached to a position on the back facing portion of the dome  130   b . For example, in some implementations, the light display  120  is attached to the dome  130   b  such that the light display  120  displays from behind a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  while working in darkness or other low light conditions, e.g. so that the lineman can be seen and/or noticed by others. 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  may be attached to any other suitable position on the dome  130   b . In some implementations, the light display  120  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , in some implementations, the light display  120  is configured to display one or more lighted shapes, symbols, etc. In some implementations, the light display  120  is configured to display in one or more colors. 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  may be further configured to display in one or more lighting patterns, such as flashing, sequencing, etc. 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  may be further configured to reflect when light from another source, such as a flashlight or vehicle headlight, shines on the light display  120 . In some implementations, the light display is configured to reflect in such manner in one or more colors. 
     In some implementations, the light display  120  is configured to aid others through the above features to see a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  while working in darkness or other low light conditions, such as for safety purposes. 
     In some implementations, the one or more microphones  116  of the audio components may comprise a standard microphone. In some implementations, the microphones  116  may comprise a noise reduction microphone. In some implementations, the microphones  116  may comprise any other suitable type of microphone. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2F , in some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to a position on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the microphones  116  position on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a  between the lights  114 . 
     In some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the microphones  116  position above and/or adjacent to the mouth of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the microphones  116  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the microphones can pick up speaking by a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the microphones  116  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the microphones  116  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the microphones  116  are configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to communicate hands-free with others (e.g., a supervisor or co-worker) on the ground or elsewhere while the lineman is working on overhead (e.g., above ground, suspended) utility lines, such as described above with respect to the overhead utility lines  50  in  FIG. 1 . In some implementations, the microphones  116  are configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to so communicate by speaking that is picked up by the microphones  116  and transmitted by one or more of the communication components of the intelligent hard hat  100  described below. 
     In some implementations, the one or more speakers  111  of the audio components may comprise a standard speaker. In some implementations, the speakers  111  may comprise a high definition speaker. In some implementations, the speakers  111  may comprise any other suitable type of speaker. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A, 2D, and 2E , in some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached respectively to a position on each side facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the speakers  111  position respectively on each side facing portion of the brim  130   a  between the lights  114  and the lamp  119 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the speakers  111  position respectively above and/or adjacent to the ears of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the speakers  111  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that communications such as speaking emitted from the speakers  111  can be heard by a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  111  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the speakers  111  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the speakers  111  are configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to communicate hands-free with others (e.g., a supervisor or co-worker) on the ground or elsewhere while the lineman is working on overhead utility lines, such as described above with respect to the overhead utility lines  50  in  FIG. 1 . In some implementations, the speakers  111  are configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to so communicate by hearing speaking by such others that is received by one or more of the communication components of the intelligent hard hat  100  described below and emitted by the speakers  111 . 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2D-2E , in some implementations, the speakers  111  may further comprise one or more respective amplifiers  110 . In some implementations, the amplifiers  110  may be attached respectively to the brim  130   a  adjacent to the speakers  111 . 
     In some implementations, the amplifiers  110  are configured to amplify and/or otherwise modify signals that are transmitted to the speakers  111  to emit sounds from the speakers  111 . In some implementations, the amplifiers  110  are configured to have any other suitable function with respect to the speakers  111 . 
     In some implementations, the one or more cameras  115  of the video components may comprise a standard camera. In some implementations, the camera  115  may comprise a high definition (HD) camera. In some implementations, the camera  115  may comprise any other suitable type of camera. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A and 2F , in some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to a position on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the camera  115  positions on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a  between the microphones  116 . In some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the brim  130   a  in a centered position on the front facing portion of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the camera  115  can capture live images and/or other suitable visual images that are in the line of sight of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the camera  115  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the camera  115  captures what is viewed by a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  while working on overhead utility lines. 
     In some implementations, the camera  115  may also be attached to the brim  130   a  such that the camera  115  can capture live images and/or other suitable visual imaging of a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the camera  115  may be so attached such that the camera  115  can capture live self-images of the lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on overhead utility lines. 
     In some implementations, the camera  115  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the camera  115  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the camera  115  is configured to capture live images and/or other suitable visual images that are viewed by a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  while working on overhead utility lines, such as described above with respect to the overhead utility lines  50  in  FIG. 1 . In some implementations, the camera  115  is configured to capture such images for transmitting by one or more of the communication components of the intelligent hard hat  100  described below. In some implementations, the camera  115  is configured to capture such images for transmitting to others (e.g., a supervisor or co-worker) on the ground or elsewhere to view live images of what the lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  is viewing while working on overhead utility lines. 
     In some implementations, the camera  115  may be further configured to capture live images and/or other suitable visual images of the lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on overhead utility lines. For example, in some implementations, the camera  115  may be further configured to capture live self-images of the lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on overhead utility lines. In some implementations, the camera  115  may thereby be configured to capture live images and/or other suitable visual imaging of the lineman and of the surrounding work area for transmitting to others on the ground or elsewhere to view. 
     In some implementations, the camera  115  may be configured to capture any other suitable images. 
     In some implementations, the one or more transmitters  107  and/or receivers  108  of the communication components (collectively, the “transceivers  107 ,  108 ”) may comprise any suitable transceivers  107 ,  108 . For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise one or more transceivers that can provide communication between one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100  and other devices, such as a radio, phone, portable computing device, etc. used by others (e.g., a supervisor or co-worker) on the ground or elsewhere. 
     In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise two-way communication. In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise open channel communication. In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise closed channel communication. 
     In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise Bluetooth® communication. In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise inter-device communication, such as between two or more intelligent hard hats  100 . In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise global positioning system (GPS) tracking. 
     In some implementations, such communication provided by the transceivers  107 ,  108  may comprise communication through a mobile application (i.e., a mobile app) operating on the intelligent hard hat  100  and/or another device used by others, such as a mobile or portable computing device as described more below for  FIGS. 5 and 6 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to a position adjacent to the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the transceivers  107 ,  108  position between the lamp  119  and the speaker  111  on the left side of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the transceivers  107 ,  108  are able to provide suitable transmitting and receiving respectively while a lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on an overhead utility line. In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the transceivers  107 ,  108  do not interfere (e.g., by radio signals) with the operation of the other components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130   
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  are configured to provide communication between one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100  and other devices, such as a radio, phone, portable computing device, etc. used by others (e.g., a supervisor or co-worker) on the ground or elsewhere. For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide two-way communication. 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide open channel communication. In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide closed channel communication. 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide Bluetooth® communication. For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to link the intelligent hard hat  100  with a computing device, such as a laptop or smart device, through Bluetooth® communication. 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide inter-device communication, such as between two or more intelligent hard hats  100 . For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to allow linemen wearing an intelligent hard hat  100  who are on different crews or from different companies to communicate, such as to coordinate their work during a natural disaster or other emergency situation. 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide global positioning system (GPS) tracking. For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to allow linemen wearing an intelligent hard hat  100  to be GPS tracked by their company for safety, supervisory, etc. purposes. 
     In some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to provide communication through a mobile application (i.e., a mobile app) operating on the intelligent hard hat  100  and/or another device used by others, such as a mobile or portable computing device as described more below for  FIGS. 5 and 6 . For example, in some implementations, the transceivers  107 ,  108  may be configured to allow communication between an intelligent hard hat  100  worn by a lineman and a portable computing device used by a supervisor or co-worker through a mobile application. 
     In some implementations, such communication with an intelligent hard hat  100  through the mobile application may comprise remotely monitoring and/or controlling one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, such communication may comprise receiving video from the camera  115  of the intelligent hard hat  100  and displaying the video to a supervisor or co-worker on a portable computing device such as a smart phone or tablet device. 
     In some implementations, the one or more cooling fans  112  of the conditioning components may comprise any suitable cooling fan device. For example, in some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may comprise a suitable computer case fan. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is attached to the dome  130   b  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is attached to the interior or underside of the hard hat dome  130   b . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is attached at or adjacent to the top-center of the underside of the dome  130   b.    
     In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is attached to a position on the underside of the dome  130   b  such that the cooling fan  112  can provide cooling to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is attached to a position on the underside of the dome  130   b  such that the cooling fan  112  can provide cooling to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be attached to any other suitable position on the dome  130   b . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  is configured to provide cooling for the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be configured to provide cooling in any suitable manner. 
     In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be configured to provide cooling to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be configured to provide cooling to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the cooling fan  112  may be configured to provide cooling with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100  for any other suitable purpose. 
     In some implementations, the one or more heating units  113  of the conditioning components may comprise any suitable heating device. For example, as shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, the heating unit  113  may comprise one or more heating elements or coils. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached to the dome  130   b  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached to the interior or underside of the hard hat dome  130   b.    
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached at or adjacent to the top-center of the underside of the dome  130   b . For example, in some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached to the underside of the dome  130   b  adjacent to the cooling fan  112 , described above. 
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached to a position on the underside of the dome  130   b  such that the heating unit  113  can provide heating to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the heating unit  113  is attached to a position on the underside of the dome  130   b  such that the heating unit  113  can provide heating to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be attached to any other suitable position on the dome  130   b . In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  is configured to provide heating for the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be configured to provide heating in any suitable manner. 
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be configured to provide heating to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be configured to provide heating to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the heating unit  113  may be configured to provide heating with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100  for any other suitable purpose. 
     In some implementations, the one or more vents  117  of the conditioning components may comprise any suitable ventilation mechanism and/or configuration. For example, as shown in  FIGS. 2A-2C , in some implementations, the vents  117  may comprise one or more horizontal openings or slots. 
     In some implementations, the vents  117  comprise weatherproof vents. For example, in some implementations, the vents  117  comprise a ventilation mechanism and/or configuration that allows the passing of ventilation while preventing the passing of moisture and/or other elements. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 2A-2C , in some implementations, the vents  117  are positioned on the dome  130   b  of the hard hat  130 . For example, in some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned on the front and/or back facing portion of the dome  130   b.    
     In some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned on the dome  130   b  such that the vents allow the passing of ventilation while a lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned such that the vents allow the passing of ventilation to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned such that the vents allow the passing of ventilation to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned at any other suitable location on the dome  130   b . In some implementations, the vents  117  may be positioned at any other suitable location on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the vents  117  are configured to provide ventilation for the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the vents  117  may be configured to provide ventilation in any suitable manner. 
     In some implementations, the vents  117  may be configured to provide ventilation to a lineman while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the vents  117  may be configured to provide ventilation to one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the vents  117  may be configured to provide ventilation with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100  for any other suitable purpose. 
     In some implementations, the one or more batteries  104  of the power source components may comprise any suitable type of battery that can power the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the batteries  104  may comprise a rechargeable battery. In some implementations, such rechargeable battery may comprise a lithium based battery. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2D , in some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to a position on the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to the brim  130   a  adjacent to the lamp  119 , described above. 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the batteries  104  are able to provide suitable power to components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while a lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on an overhead utility line. In some implementations, the batteries  104  are attached to the brim  130   a  such that the batteries  104  do not interfere (e.g., electronically) with the operation of the other components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the batteries  104  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to power the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to provide power for operation of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to provide suitable power to components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to provide suitable power for operation of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  while a lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on an overhead utility line. 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to be rechargeable. For example, in some implementations, the batteries  104  are configured to be rechargeable while attached to the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the batteries  104  may be configured to provide power with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100  for any other suitable purpose. In some implementations, the batteries  104  may be configured to have any other suitable feature with respect to providing power for the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , in some implementations, the one or more charging modules  106  of the power source components comprises a charging port. For example, in some implementations, the charging module  106  comprises a charging port for connecting a charging power source to the intelligent hard hat  100  for charging the batteries  104 . In some implementations, the charging port of the charging module  106  may be any suitable port, connector, etc. that can connect the intelligent hard hat  100  to a charging power source such as wall charger. 
     In some implementations, the charging module  106  may further comprise any other suitable components for charging the batteries  104 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2B , in some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to a position on the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to the brim  130   a  adjacent to the lamp  119 , described above. In some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to the brim  130   a  between the lamp  119  and the switch  118 , described below. 
     In some implementations, the charging module  106  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that a charging power source can be connected to the charging module  106 . For example, in some implementations, the charging module  106  is so attached such that a charging power source can be connected while the intelligent hard hat  100  is resting on the underside of the brim  130   a  upon a surface such as a table. 
     In some implementations, the charging module  106  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the charging module  106  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the charging module  106  is configured to allow the charging of the batteries  104  of the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the charging module  106  is configured to connect a charging power source to the intelligent hard hat  100  for charging the batteries  104 . In some implementations, the charging module  106  may be configured to allow the charging of the batteries  104  of the intelligent hard hat  100  in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the one or more processors  101 , modules  102 , and/or relays  103  (collectively, the “computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103 ”) of the control components comprises any suitable processors, modules, and/or relays respectively. In some implementations, the one or more processors  101 , modules  102 , and/or relays  103  are connected or otherwise integrated together to form a computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  may comprise any suitable computer system that can control, monitor, etc. the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  may comprise a system-on-chip (SOC) computer system or a single-board computer system (SBC). In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  may comprise any other suitable components and/or configuration. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2D , in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is attached to a position adjacent to the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is attached to the brim  130   a  such that the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  positions between the switch  118  and the speaker  111  on the right side of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to control, monitor, etc. the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to control, monitor, etc. the intelligent hard hat  100  while worn by a lineman working on an overhead utility line. 
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to communicate through a mobile application (i.e., a mobile app) operating on the intelligent hard hat  100  and/or another device used by others, such as a mobile or portable computing device as described more below for  FIGS. 5 and 6 . For example, in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to communicate with a portable computing device used by a supervisor or co-worker through a mobile application while the intelligent hard hat  100  is worn by a lineman. 
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to allow the remote monitoring and/or controlling of one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100  through the mobile application. For example, in some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to allow a portable computing device such as a smart phone or tablet device to obtain video from the camera  115  of the intelligent hard hat  100  and display the video to a supervisor or co-worker through the mobile application. 
     In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to control, monitor, etc. the intelligent hard hat  100  for any other suitable purpose. In some implementations, the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  is configured to provide any other suitable function with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the one or more switches  118  of the control components may comprise any suitable switch. For example, in some implementations, the switch  118  comprises a micro-switch. 
     In some implementations, the switch  118  may comprise any suitable switch that can turn on or off the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the switch  118  may comprise any suitable switch that can turn on, off, or otherwise operate one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 2D , in some implementations, the switch  118  is attached to the brim  130   a  of the hard hat  130 . In some implementations, the switch  118  is attached to the underside of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the switch  118  is attached to a position on the back facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the switch  118  is attached to the brim  130   a  adjacent to the charging module  106 , described above. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2E , in some implementations, a switch  118  may alternately or additionally be attached to a position adjacent to the front facing portion of the brim  130   a . For example, in some implementations, the switch  118  may alternately or additionally be attached to the underside of the brim  130   a  such that the switch  118  positions between the light  114  and the speaker  111  on the left side of the brim  130   a.    
     In some implementations, the switch  118  may be attached to any other suitable position on the brim  130   a . In some implementations, the switch  118  may be attached to any other suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, the switch  118  is configured to switch on or off the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, the switch  118  is configured to switch on, off, or otherwise operate one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the switch  118  is configured to provide any other suitable function with respect to the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  may comprise any suitable additional components that allow the intelligent features and/or operation of the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, such additional components may be attached to any suitable position on the hard hat  130 . 
     In some implementations, one or more of the above described components are connected as applicable for powering, controlling, monitoring, etc. of the components. For example, in some implementations, the computer  101 ,  102 ,  103  may be connected to one or more of the other components for controlling, monitoring, etc. Similarly, in some implementations, the batteries  104  may be connected to one or more of the other components for powering. 
     In some implementations, the above described components of the intelligent hard hat  100  are attached and configured for use by linemen working on overhead utility lines. For example, in some implementations, the components are attached along the brim  130   a , dome  130   b , etc. of the hard hat  130  in a configuration that allows a balanced wearing of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the components are attached along the brim  130   a , dome  130   b , etc. of the hard hat  130  in a configuration that does not reduce or otherwise affect the available clearance around the hard hat  130  when wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . For example, in some implementations, components of the intelligent hard hat  100  are positioned on the underside of the hard hat  130  or lower than the top of the hard hat  130  for clearance to avoid incidental contact with energized overhead utility lines, which may cause harm to a lineman and/or damage to the components. 
     In some implementations, the components are attached along the brim  130   a , dome  130   b , etc. of the hard hat  130  in a configuration that avoids damage to the components from impacts while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the components are attached along the brim  130   a , dome  130   b , etc. of the hard hat  130  in a configuration that does not reduce or otherwise affect visibility while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  are sleek and/or low profile for such balance, clearance, and visibility purposes. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  overall is streamlined and/or low profile. For example, in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is sleek, not bulky, and/or does not have crude or hard angles. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  may be removably attached to the helmet  130 . In some implementations, one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100  may be movable or repositionable on the helmet  130 , e.g. to point, aim, or otherwise adjust the positioning of the component. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to allow a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  while working on an overhead utility line to have hands-free wireless voice and/or audio communication between the lineman and a supervisor, co-worker, or other person using a phone, radio, portable computing device, etc. on the ground, in the office, or elsewhere. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to allow communication as described herein in any other suitable format, such as open channel, direct channel, push to talk (PTT), etc. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to allow a supervisor, co-worker, or other person on the ground or elsewhere using a mobile or portable computing device to view live images and/or other visual imaging of a lineman and/or the surroundings adjacent to the lineman while the lineman is wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  and working on an overhead utility line. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to provide lighting for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to see while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to provide a lighted and/or reflective display for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100  to be noticed and/or seen by others while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to provide ventilation, cooling, and/or heating for a lineman wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to provide ventilation, cooling, and/or heating for one or more of the components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is configured to provide a rechargeable power source operation of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  may suitably comprise any one or more of the components, features, etc. (e.g., any one or more of the lighting components  114 ,  119 ,  120 , audio components  111 ,  116 , video components  115 , communication components  107 ,  108 , conditioning components  112 ,  113 ,  117 , power source components  104 ,  106 , control components  101 ,  102 ,  103 , etc.) described herein, such as in any suitable combination, permutation, etc., which will be understood by one skilled in the art in accordance with the present disclosure. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises any suitable dimensions. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  is composed of any suitable materials. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100  can have any suitable appearance, such as the example appearances shown in the figures. 
       FIGS. 4A-4J  illustrate another implementation of an example intelligent hard hat  100 C that is generally the same or similar to the intelligent hard hat  100  described for  FIGS. 2A-2F  and further illustrate features of the intelligent hard hat  100  such as described below. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4E and 4G , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise three front lights  114 C. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise less than three front lights  114 C. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise more than three front lights  114 C. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4E and 4G , in some implementations, the front lights  114 C may be positioned on a downward facing portion of the intelligent hard hat  100 C such as the downward facing portion of the brim  130 Ca of the hard hat  130 C. In some implementations, the front lights  114 C may be positioned at any other suitable position on the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C may be configured to provide flood lighting. For example, in some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C may be configured to provide flood lighting downward from the intelligent hard hat  100 C (such from the hard hat  130 C) toward the ground or other surface. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C may be configured to provide flood lighting 8 to 10 inches from the intelligent hard hat  100 C. In some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C may be configured to provide flood lighting to any other suitable distance from the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4A and 4B , in some implementations, the top light  120 C may be configured to provide a high intensity beam or spotlight. For example, in some implementations, the light  120 C may be configured to provide a light beam or spotlight up to 40 inches away from the intelligent hard hat  100 C. In some implementations, the light  120 C may be configured to provide a light beam or spotlight at any other suitable distance from the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     In some implementations, the top light  120 C may also be configured to provide lighting or illumination of an area to allow a camera of the intelligent hard hat  100 C to snapshot a picture or otherwise capture imaging. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4E and 4G , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise three rear lights  119 C. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise less than three rear lights  119 C. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise more than three rear lights  119 C. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4E and 4G , in some implementations, the rear lights  119 C may be positioned on a downward facing portion of the intelligent hard hat  100 C such as the downward facing portion of the brim  130 Ca of the hard hat  130 C. In some implementations, the rear lights  119 C may be positioned at any other suitable position on the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the rear lights  119 C may be configured to provide lighting for signaling or awareness of the intelligent hard hat  100 C user&#39;s presence, such as for safety, location, emergency incidents, etc. For example, in some implementations, one or more of the rear lights  119 C may be configured to periodically flash or strobe so others are aware of (e.g., see, notice, etc.) the intelligent hard hat  100 C user&#39;s presence, such as in low visibility or other suitable conditions. 
     In some implementations, one or more of the rear lights  119 C may be any suitable color to provide lighting for signaling or awareness of the intelligent hard hat  100 C user&#39;s presence. For example, in some implementations, one or more of the rear lights  119 C may be configured to provide a generally amber or yellow colored light. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C is configured such that two or more of the lights  114 C,  119 C,  120 C can be turned on for use at the same time. For example, in some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C and also one or more of the rear lights  119 C can be turned on and used at the same time. In some implementations, one or more of the front lights  114 C, one or more of the rear lights  119 C, and one or more of the top lights  120 C can be turned on and used at the same time. 
     In some implementations, any other suitable combination of the lights  114 C,  119 C,  120 C can be turned on for use at the same time. 
     In some implementations, the speakers  111 C and/or the microphones  116 C of the intelligent hard hat  100 C may be positioned such that the components at least partly face or are otherwise directed toward a user/wearer of the intelligent hard hat  100 C. For example, as shown  FIGS. 4E and 4H , in some implementations, the speakers  111 C may be positioned on the intelligent hard hat  100 C (such as on the downward facing portion of the brim  130 Ca of the hard hat  130 C) such that the speakers  111 C are angled or facing at least partly inward and/or downward toward a user&#39;s ears, face, head, or other part of the user. 
     As shown  FIGS. 4B and 4E , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may further comprise one or more shock absorbing portions (“shock absorbers”)  140 C. For example, in some implementations, the shock absorbers  140 C may comprise rubber or other suitable material configured to absorb impact to the intelligent hard hat  100 C (such as if hit by an object or dropped) to protect one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     As shown  FIG. 4E , in some implementations, one of the shock absorbers  140 C may comprise a strip of rubber or other suitable material extending around a portion of the intelligent hard hat  100 C such as the outer edge of the brim  130 Ca of the hard hat  130 C. In some implementations, this shock absorber  140 C strip may overlap or sandwich the top and bottom portion of the brim  130 Ca. In some implementations, this shock absorber  140 C strip may have any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, this shock absorber  140 C strip may be up to 2 inches wide. In some implementations, this shock absorber  140 C strip may be 0.125 to 0.25 inches in thickness. In some implementations, this shock absorber  140 C strip may have any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise one or more components positioned at or adjacent to the upper portion of the intelligent hard hat  100 C such as the hard hat  130 C. For example, as shown  FIG. 4B , in some implementations, one or more components  150 C may be positioned at or adjacent to the top front portion of the hard hat  130 C. 
     In some implementations, the components  150 C may be removably positioned on the intelligent hard hat  100 C. In some implementations, the components  150 C may be housed on the intelligent hard hat  100 C under a removable lens or other suitable covering. 
     In some implementations, the components  150 C may be positioned in any other suitable way. 
     In some implementations, the components  150 C may include one or more of the previously described control components  101 ,  102 ,  103 , power source components  104 ,  106 , and/or other suitable components. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may further comprise or be configured to comprise a chin strap or securing harness (not shown) configured to secure the intelligent hard hat  100 C when worn. For example, in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise one or more attachment points (not shown), such as on the brim  130 Ca of the hard hat  130 C or any other suitable position of the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise three chin strap or securing harness attachment points on each side of the intelligent hard hat  100 C such that the intelligent hard hat  100 C can comprise a six point chin strap or securing harness. In some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise any other suitable number of chin strap or securing harness attachment points. 
     In some implementations, the components of the intelligent hard hat  100 C may be integrated into a single unit, such as shown in  FIGS. 4A-4E . Alternately, the intelligent hard hat  100 C components of the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise two or more separable portions that can be integrated or otherwise joined together to form the intelligent hard hat  100 C. 
     For example, as shown in  FIGS. 4F-4J , in some implementations, the intelligent hard hat  100 C may comprise a hard hat portion  130 C and a brim portion or housing  130 Ca that can be integrated or otherwise joined together to form the intelligent hard hat  100 C and can be separated into at least the two portions  130 C,  130 Ca. 
     As shown  FIG. 4G , in some implementations, the housing portion  130 Ca comprise one or more of the feature components of the intelligent hard hat  100 C, such as the lights  114 C,  119 C, the speakers  111 C, and/or the switches  118 C. 
     In some implementations, the housing portion  130 Ca may be configured to snap in or otherwise attach to the hard hat portion  130 C near the inner lining of the hard hat portion  130 C. In some implementations, the housing portion  130 Ca may be configured to attach to the hard hat portion  130 C in any other suitable configuration. 
     In some implementations, an example method of using the intelligent hard hat  100 , with respect to the above described figures, comprises a lineman  10  putting on the intelligent hard hat  100 . In some implementations, the method comprises the lineman  10  working on an overhead utility line  50  while wearing the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the method comprises the lineman  10  using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  while working on the overhead line  50 , such as by using one or more of the lighting components  114 ,  119 ,  120 , the audio components  111 ,  116 , the video components  115 , the communication components  107 ,  108 , the conditioning components  112 ,  113 ,  117 , the power source components  104 ,  106 , and/or the control components  101 ,  102 ,  103 ,  118 . 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using hands-free the microphone  116 , speakers  111 , and transceiver  107 ,  108  of the intelligent hard hat  100  to communicate with a supervisor, co-worker, or other person using a phone, radio, portable computing device, etc. on the ground, in the office, or elsewhere. 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using hands-free the camera  115  and the transceiver  107 ,  108  to allow a supervisor, co-worker, or other person on the ground or elsewhere using a mobile or portable computing device with a mobile application (as described more below for  FIGS. 5 and 6 ) to view live images and/or other visual imaging of the lineman  10  and/or the surroundings adjacent to the lineman  10 . 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using one or more of the lights  114 , the lamp  119 , and/or the light display  120  to provide lighting and/or marking for the lineman  10  to see and/or be seen/noticed by others while working in darkness or other low light conditions. 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using one or more of the vents  117 , cooling fan  112 , and/or heating units  113  to obtain ventilation, cooling, and/or heating respectively for the lineman  10  and/or one or more components of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using the batteries  104  and/or the charging module  106  to power the intelligent hard hat  100  and/or recharge the power source for the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, using one or more features of the intelligent hard hat  100  comprises the lineman  10  using the computer system  101 ,  102 ,  103  and/or the switch(es)  118  to operate the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     In some implementations, the method may comprise any other suitable use of the features of the intelligent hard hat  100 . 
     The figures, including photographs and drawings, comprised herewith may represent one or more implementations of the intelligent hard hat. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates an implementation of an example environment  500  of an intelligent hard hat according to the present disclosure. 
     As shown in  FIG. 5 , in some implementations, the environment  500  may include one or more client devices  510  (e.g., a smart phone or device  510   a , a computer device  510   b , and an intelligent hard hat  510   c ), a wireless cellular network  520 , a network  525  (e.g., an Internet/VPN network  525   a  and a hotspot/Wi-Fi/captive-Wi-Fi network  525   b ), and one or more servers  530 . In some implementations, the environment  500  may also include one or more data storage  530   a  linked to the server  530 . 
     The client device  510  is depicted as a mobile phone  510   a , a computer device  510   b , and an intelligent hard hat  510   c , but the client device  510  may comprise any type of computing device, such as a desktop computer system, a laptop, cellular phone, a smart device, a mobile telephone, a tablet-style computer, or any other device capable of wireless or wired communication. In some implementations, client device  510  is configured to interact with the server  530  via an application, such as a web browser or a native application, residing on the client device  510 . 
     In some implementations, the client devices  510  includes hardware, software, or embedded logic components or a combination of two or more such components and is configured to carry out the appropriate functions implemented or supported by the client devices  510 . 
     In some implementations, the client devices  510  may include one or more processors, one or more memories, one or more displays, one or more interfaces, one or more components capable of inputting data, one or more components capable of outputting data, one or more components capable of communicating with any other component of the environment  500  or any other component suitable for a particular purpose. 
     In some implementations, the client devices  510  are configured to access networks  520  and/or  525 . In some implementations, the client devices  510  are configured to communicate with servers  530 . 
     In some implementations, the client device  510  can connect to the network  525  through a wireless cellular network  520 , such as GPRS-based and CDMA-based wireless networks, as well as 802.16 WiMax and long-range wireless data networks. 
     In some implementations, components of the environment  500  may communicate with any other component of the environment  500  over network  525 . Network  525  may be any suitable network. In some implementations, for example, one or more portions of network  525  may include an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a portion of the Internet, a portion of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a cellular telephone network, another network  525 , or a combination of two or more of the foregoing. 
     In some embodiments, components of the environment  500  may be configured to communicate over links  550 . Links  550  may connect components of the environment  500  to networks  520 ,  525  or to each other. In some implementations, one or more links  550  may include one or more wireline (such as for example Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) or Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS)), wireless (such as for example Wi-Fi or Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)), or optical (such as for example Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) or Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)) links. In particular embodiments, one or more links  550  may each include an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a VPN, a LAN, a WLAN, a WAN, a WWAN, a MAN, a portion of the Internet, a portion of the PSTN, a cellular technology-based network, a satellite communications technology-based network, another link, or a combination of two or more such links  550 . Links  550  may not be the same throughout the environment  500 . 
     In some implementations, the server devices  530  may include a processor, memory, user accounts, and one or more modules to perform various functions such as those described above. 
     In some implementations, each server  530  may be a unitary server or may be a distributed server spanning multiple computers or multiple datacenters. Servers  530  may be of various types, such as, for example and without limitation, web server, file server, application server, exchange server, database server, or proxy server. In some implementations, each server  530  may include hardware, software, or embedded logic components or a combination of two or more such components for carrying out the appropriate functionalities implemented or supported by server  530 . For example, a web server is generally capable of hosting websites containing web pages or particular elements of web pages. More specifically, a web server may host HTML files or other file types, or may dynamically create or constitute files upon a request, and communicate them to clients  510  in response to HTTP or other requests from clients  510 . A database server is generally capable of providing an interface for managing data stored in one or more data stores. 
     In some implementations, one or more data storages  530   a  may be communicatively linked to one or more servers  530 , respectively, via one or more links  550 . In some implementations, data storages  530   a  may be used to store various types of information. In some implementations, the information stored in data storages  530   a  may be organized according to specific data structures. In particular embodiment, each data storage  530   a  may be a relational database. Particular embodiments may provide interfaces that enable servers  530  or clients  510  to manage, e.g., retrieve, modify, add, or delete, the information stored in data storage  530   a.    
       FIG. 6  illustrates an example computer system  600 , which may be used with some implementations of the present invention. This disclosure contemplates any suitable number of computer systems  600 . 
     This disclosure contemplates computer system  600  taking any suitable physical form. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, computer system  600  may be an embedded computer system, a system-on-chip (SOC), a single-board computer system (SBC) (such as, for example, a computer-on-module (COM) or system-on-module (SOM)), a desktop computer system, a laptop, an interactive kiosk, a mainframe, a mesh of computer systems, a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a server, or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, where appropriate, computer system  600  may include one or more computer systems  600 ; be unitary or distributed; span multiple locations; span multiple machines; or reside in a cloud, which may include one or more cloud components in one or more networks. 
     In some implementations, where appropriate, one or more computer systems  600  may perform without substantial spatial or temporal limitation one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, one or more computer systems  600  may perform in real time or in batch mode one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein. In some implementations, one or more computer systems  600  may perform at different times or at different locations one or more steps of one or more methods described or illustrated herein, where appropriate. 
     In some implementations, computer system  600  includes a processor  602 , memory  604 , storage  606 , an input/output (I/O) interface  608 , a communication interface  610 , and a bus  612 . Although this disclosure describes and illustrates a particular computer system having a particular number of particular components in a particular arrangement, this disclosure contemplates any suitable computer system having any suitable number of any suitable components in any suitable arrangement. 
     In some implementations, processor  602  includes hardware for executing instructions, such as those making up a computer program. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, to execute instructions, processor  602  may retrieve (or fetch) the instructions from an internal register, an internal cache, memory  604 , or storage  606 ; decode and execute them; and then write one or more results to an internal register, an internal cache, memory  604 , or storage  606 . 
     In some implementations, processor  602  may include one or more internal caches for data, instructions, or addresses. The present disclosure contemplates processor  602  including any suitable number of any suitable internal caches, where appropriate. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, processor  602  may include one or more instruction caches, one or more data caches, and one or more translation look-aside buffers (TLBs). 
     In some implementations, instructions in the instruction caches may be copies of instructions in memory  604  or storage  606 , and the instruction caches may speed up retrieval of those instructions by processor  602 . 
     In some implementations, data in the data caches may be copies of data in memory  604  or storage  606  for instructions executing at processor  602  to operate on; the results of previous instructions executed at processor  602  for access by subsequent instructions executing at processor  602  or for writing to memory  604  or storage  606 ; or other suitable data. 
     In some implementations, the data caches may speed up read or write operations by processor  602 . In some implementations, the TLBs may speed up virtual-address translation for processor  602 . 
     In some implementations, processor  602  may include one or more internal registers for data, instructions, or addresses. The present disclosure contemplates processor  602  including any suitable number of any suitable internal registers, where appropriate. Where appropriate, processor  602  may include one or more arithmetic logic units (ALUs); be a multi-core processor; or include one or more processors  602 . Although this disclosure describes and illustrates a particular processor, this disclosure contemplates any suitable processor. 
     In some implementations, memory  604  includes main memory for storing instructions for processor  602  to execute or data for processor  602  to operate on. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, computer system  600  may load instructions from storage  606  or another source (such as, for example, another computer system  600 ) to memory  604 . 
     In some implementations, processor  602  may then load the instructions from memory  604  to an internal register or internal cache. In some implementations, to execute the instructions, processor  602  may retrieve the instructions from the internal register or internal cache and decode them. 
     In some implementations, during or after execution of the instructions, processor  602  may write one or more results (which may be intermediate or final results) to the internal register or internal cache. In some implementations, processor  602  may then write one or more of those results to memory  604 . 
     In some implementations, processor  602  executes only instructions in one or more internal registers or internal caches or in memory  604  (as opposed to storage  606  or elsewhere) and operates only on data in one or more internal registers or internal caches or in memory  604  (as opposed to storage  606  or elsewhere). 
     In some implementations, one or more memory buses (which may each include an address bus and a data bus) may couple processor  602  to memory  604 . In some implementations, bus  612  may include one or more memory buses, as described below. 
     In some implementations, one or more memory management units (MMUs) reside between processor  602  and memory  604  and facilitate accesses to memory  604  requested by processor  602 . 
     In some implementations, memory  604  includes random access memory (RAM). In some implementations, this RAM may be volatile memory, where appropriate. 
     In some implementations, where appropriate, this RAM may be dynamic RAM (DRAM) or static RAM (SRAM). Moreover, in some implementations, where appropriate, this RAM may be single-ported or multi-ported RAM. The present disclosure contemplates any suitable RAM. 
     In some implementations, memory  604  may include one or more memories  604 , where appropriate. Although this disclosure describes and illustrates particular memory, this disclosure contemplates any suitable memory. 
     In some implementations, storage  606  includes mass storage for data or instructions. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, storage  606  may include an HDD, a floppy disk drive, flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, storage  606  may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. In some implementations, storage  606  may be internal or external to computer system  600 , where appropriate. In some implementations, storage  606  is non-volatile, solid-state memory. 
     In some implementations, storage  606  includes read-only memory (ROM). Where appropriate, this ROM may be mask-programmed ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable PROM (EPROM), electrically erasable PROM (EEPROM), electrically alterable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory or a combination of two or more of these. This disclosure contemplates mass storage  606  taking any suitable physical form. 
     In some implementations, storage  606  may include one or more storage control units facilitating communication between processor  602  and storage  606 , where appropriate. In some implementations, where appropriate, storage  606  may include one or more storages  606 . Although this disclosure describes and illustrates particular storage, this disclosure contemplates any suitable storage. 
     In some implementations, I/O interface  608  includes hardware, software, or both providing one or more interfaces for communication between computer system  600  and one or more I/O devices. In some implementations, computer system  600  may include one or more of these I/O devices, where appropriate. 
     In some implementations, one or more of these I/O devices may enable communication between a person and computer system  600 . In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, an I/O device may include a keyboard, keypad, microphone, monitor, mouse, printer, scanner, speaker, still camera, stylus, tablet, touch screen, trackball, video camera, another suitable I/O device or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, an I/O device may include one or more sensors. This disclosure contemplates any suitable I/O devices and any suitable I/O interfaces  608  for them. 
     In some implementations, where appropriate, I/O interface  608  may include one or more device or software drivers enabling processor  602  to drive one or more of these I/O devices. I/O interface  608  may include one or more I/O interfaces  608 , where appropriate. Although this disclosure describes and illustrates a particular I/O interface, this disclosure contemplates any suitable I/O interface. 
     In some implementations, communication interface  610  includes hardware, software, or both providing one or more interfaces for communication (such as, for example, packet-based communication) between computer system  600  and one or more other computer systems  600  or one or more networks. 
     In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, communication interface  610  may include a network interface controller (NIC) or network adapter for communicating with an Ethernet or other wire-based network or a wireless NIC (WNIC) or wireless adapter for communicating with a wireless network, such as a WI-FI network. This disclosure contemplates any suitable network and any suitable communication interface  610  for it. 
     In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, computer system  600  may communicate with an ad hoc network, a personal area network (PAN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), or one or more portions of the Internet or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, one or more portions of one or more of these networks may be wired or wireless. In some implementations, as an example, computer system  600  may communicate with a wireless PAN (WPAN) (such as, for example, a BLUETOOTH WPAN), a WI-FI network, a WI-MAX network, a cellular telephone network (such as, for example, a Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) network), or other suitable wireless network or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, computer system  600  may include any suitable communication interface  610  for any of these networks, where appropriate. In some implementations, communication interface  610  may include one or more communication interfaces  610 , where appropriate. Although this disclosure describes and illustrates a particular communication interface, this disclosure contemplates any suitable communication interface. 
     In some implementations, bus  612  includes hardware, software, or both coupling components of computer system  600  to each other. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, bus  612  may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a front-side bus (FSB), a HYPERTRANSPORT (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an INFINIBAND interconnect, a low-pin-count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association local (VLB) bus, or another suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. 
     In some implementations, bus  612  may include one or more buses  612 , where appropriate. Although this disclosure describes and illustrates a particular bus, this disclosure contemplates any suitable bus or interconnect. 
     Herein, reference to a computer-readable storage medium encompasses one or more non-transitory, tangible computer-readable storage media possessing structure. In some implementations, as an example and not by way of limitation, a computer-readable storage medium may include a semiconductor-based or other integrated circuit (IC) (such, as for example, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific IC (ASIC)), a hard disk, an HDD, a hybrid hard drive (HHD), an optical disc, an optical disc drive (ODD), a magneto-optical disc, a magneto-optical drive, a floppy disk, a floppy disk drive (FDD), magnetic tape, a holographic storage medium, a solid-state drive (SSD), a RAM-drive, a SECURE DIGITAL card, a SECURE DIGITAL drive, or another suitable computer-readable storage medium or a combination of two or more of these, where appropriate. 
     Herein, reference to a computer-readable storage medium excludes any medium that is not eligible for patent protection under 35 U.S.C. § 101. Herein, reference to a computer-readable storage medium excludes transitory forms of signal transmission (such as a propagating electrical or electromagnetic signal per se) to the extent that they are not eligible for patent protection under 35 U.S.C. § 101. 
     This disclosure contemplates one or more computer-readable storage media implementing any suitable storage. In some implementations, a computer-readable storage medium implements one or more portions of processor  602  (such as, for example, one or more internal registers or caches), one or more portions of memory  604 , one or more portions of storage  606 , or a combination of these, where appropriate. 
     In some implementations, a computer-readable storage medium implements RAM or ROM. In some implementations, a computer-readable storage medium implements volatile or persistent memory. 
     In some implementations, one or more computer-readable storage media embody software. Herein, reference to software may encompass one or more applications, bytecode, one or more computer programs, one or more executables, one or more instructions, logic, machine code, one or more scripts, or source code, and vice versa, where appropriate. 
     In some implementations, software includes one or more application programming interfaces (APIs). This disclosure contemplates any suitable software written or otherwise expressed in any suitable programming language or combination of programming languages. 
     In some implementations, software is expressed as source code or object code. In some implementations, software is expressed in a higher-level programming language, such as, for example, C, Perl, or a suitable extension thereof. In some implementations, software is expressed in a lower-level programming language, such as assembly language (or machine code). 
     In some implementations, software is expressed in JAVA. In some implementations, software is expressed in Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), or other suitable markup language. 
     The foregoing description of the embodiments of the invention has been presented for the purpose of illustration; it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Persons skilled in the relevant art can appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure. For example. it will apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the invention may be used with any electronic network service, even if it is not provided through a website. 
     Any computer-based system that provides networking functionality can be used in accordance with the present invention even if it relies, for example, on e-mail, instant messaging or other forms of peer-to-peer communications, and any other technique for communicating between users. The invention is thus not limited to any particular type of communication system, network, protocol, format or application. 
     Some portions of this description describe the embodiments of the invention in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on information. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are commonly used by those skilled in the data processing arts to convey the substance of their work effectively to others skilled in the art. These operations, while described functionally, computationally, or logically, are understood to be implemented by computer programs or equivalent electrical circuits, microcode, or the like. Furthermore, it has also proven convenient at times, to refer to these arrangements of operations as modules, without loss of generality. The described operations and their associated modules may be embodied in software, firmware, hardware, or any combinations thereof. 
     Any of the steps, operations, or processes described herein may be performed or implemented with one or more hardware or software modules, alone or in combination with other devices. In one embodiment, a software module is implemented with a computer program product comprising a computer-readable medium containing computer program code, which can be executed by a computer processor for performing any or all of the steps, operations, or processes described. 
     Embodiments of the invention may also relate to an apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, and/or it may comprise a general-purpose computing device selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a tangible computer readable storage medium or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and coupled to a computer system bus. Furthermore, any computing systems referred to in the specification may include a single processor or may be architectures employing multiple processor designs for increased computing capability. 
     While the foregoing processes and mechanisms can be implemented by a wide variety of physical systems and in a wide variety of network and computing environments, the server or computing systems described below provide example computing system architectures for didactic, rather than limiting, purposes. 
     The present invention has been explained with reference to specific embodiments. For example, while embodiments of the present invention have been described as operating in connection with a network system, the present invention can be used in connection with any communications facility that allows for communication of messages between users, such as an email hosting site. Other embodiments will be evident to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is therefore not intended that the present invention be limited, except as indicated by the appended claims. 
     Finally, the language used in the specification has been principally selected for readability and instructional purposes, and it may not have been selected to delineate or circumscribe the inventive subject matter. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be limited not by this detailed description, but rather by any claims that issue on an application based hereon. Accordingly, the disclosure of the embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims. 
     The present disclosure encompasses all changes, substitutions, variations, alterations, and modifications to the example embodiments herein that a person having ordinary skill in the art would comprehend. 
     The figures, including photographs and drawings, comprised herewith may represent one or more implementations of the intelligent hard hat. 
     Details shown in the figures, such as dimensions, descriptions, etc., are exemplary, and there may be implementations of other suitable details according to the present disclosure. 
     Reference throughout this specification to “an embodiment” or “implementation” or words of similar import means that a particular described feature, structure, or characteristic is comprised in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the phrase “in some implementations” or a phrase of similar import in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. 
     Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. 
     The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the above description, numerous specific details are provided for a thorough understanding of embodiments of the invention. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that embodiments of the invention can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations may not be shown or described in detail. 
     While operations may be depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results.