Patent Publication Number: US-10758043-B2

Title: Self-retracting and damping device for a drawer element, and piece of furniture or domestic appliance having at least one drawer element

Description:
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention relate to a self-retracting and damping device for a drawer element having a first driver, which has a first driver fork for the engagement of an external activator and which is displaceably guided in a first guide curve, and having a second driver, which is displaceably guided in a second guide curve. In this case, one of the drivers is coupled to a damping element and the other of the drivers is coupled to an energy storage unit, wherein the two drivers are coupled together in part. Exemplary embodiments of the invention also relate to a piece of furniture or a domestic appliance with at least one drawer element. 
     Self-retracting and damping devices are used for a damped active retraction of a sliding element into a retracted or an extended end position. Suitable sliding elements are, for example, movable furniture components or movable elements of a domestic appliance such as a drawer, an appliance carrier or a food carrier. The sliding elements are usually mounted on a guide device, such as a pull-out guide, so that they can be pulled out of a furniture body or an interior space of the domestic appliance. Domestic appliances in this sense are in particular refrigeration appliances, for example refrigerators or freezers, but also cooking appliances such as ovens or steam cookers, and dishwashers. Sliding elements are also movable doors, furniture doors as well as living room doors or room dividers with folding doors, which are mounted on a guide rail via guide elements. Alternatively, the sliding elements can also be used in workshop trolleys, in the medical sector or in pharmacy cabinets. 
     For comfortable operation of the sliding elements, the self-retracting and damping devices mentioned above are provided, which dampen a movement of the sliding element into an end position and pull the sliding element into this end position. For this purpose, at least one external activator is mounted either on the moving sliding element and/or on the guide device guiding this element, which activator is connected to a driver of the self-retracting and damping device correspondingly on the moving sliding element or on the guide device guiding this element, so that accelerating and/or decelerating forces can be transmitted between the self-retracting and damping device and the sliding element. The self-retracting and damping device may be integrated into the guide device or mounted as a separate unit within the furniture body or the interior space of the domestic appliance to couple with the external activator. 
     The self-retracting and damping device may be associated with the fixed part of the furniture item, domestic appliance or guide, in which case the external activator is located on the movable drawer element or on the movable part of the guide. However, the arrangement may also be reversed in such a way that the self-retracting and damping device is located on the movable drawer element or on the movable part of the guide, while the external activator is associated with the fixed part of the furniture, domestic appliance or guide. 
     Self-retracting and damping devices are known that have a driver that is displaceably guided in a guide curve and which is coupled to both a damping element and an energy storage unit. In this case, damping forces and the self-retracting forces applied by the energy storage unit act over the same displacement path of the one driver, unless the damping element provides damping only for part of the displacement path due to its internal structure. 
     In addition, a self-retracting and damping device is known from the publication KR 2012 000 2183 A, in which two separate drivers are each guided in their own guide curve. A first driver is designed for coupling with the external activator. This driver is guided in a longer guide curve than the second driver, which is coupled to a self-retracting spring. In a first movement section, only the first driver moves with the activator and dampens the movement of the drawer element in this movement section. After this first movement section, an internal driver arranged on the first driver engages in a driver fork of the second driver so that the first and second drivers are coupled together, wherein the external activator still engages in the driver fork of the first driver. This is followed by a second movement section in which damping takes place together with a self-retracting mechanism until the drawer element has reached the retracted end position. 
     In some applications, in particular for drawer elements of cooling appliances or also for drawer elements which engage in a locking element in their fully retracted position, a movement sequence of a self-retracting and damping device is advantageous in which the greatest possible forces act at the end of the retraction path in order to achieve the safest possible retraction into the fully retracted end position of the drawer element. Self-retracting and damping devices cannot do this according to the prior art described. This also applies to the fully extended end position if, for example, a sliding element designed as a drawer, device carrier or food carrier is unloaded or loaded in this end position. Then it is advantageous that the sliding element remains safely in the fully extended end position. In order to achieve this goal, separate mechanisms with additional components are necessary in the prior art. 
     Exemplary embodiments are, therefore, directed to a self-retracting and damping device providing the greatest possible self-retracting forces when traveling into the fully retracted and/or extended position of the connected drawer element in order to ensure retraction into the end position of the drawer element. Exemplary embodiments are also directed to a piece of furniture or domestic appliance with such a self-retracting and damping device. 
     A self-retracting and damping device according to the invention is characterized in that the first driver is coupled to the energy storage unit and the second driver is coupled to the damping element, wherein in a first section of a retracting movement the energy storage unit and the damping element act on the external activator and in a second section of the retracting movement only the energy storage unit acts on the external activator. 
     As a result, a coupled drawer element experiences a damped self-retracting movement in the first section when it is pulled into the end position. At the end of the first section, the coupling between the first and second drivers is released and the remaining second section of the displacement path of the self-retracting and damping device occurs in a non-damped manner, so that only the self-retracting forces act. This second section, in which the self-retracting and damping device no longer acts in a damping manner, leads to a safer reaching of the end position for the coupled drawer element. At the end of the second section, the first driver and thus the external activator are retracted as far as possible into the self-retracting and damping device. 
     One reason for this lies in the friction losses switched off in the second section, which the damping element itself introduces into the motion sequence. Another reason is that the damping element keeps the retraction speed low, which is basically desired, but especially in the last section of the self-retraction there is a danger that the drawer element will move from a sliding or rolling friction in its pull-out guide into a static friction that interrupts the movement. 
     The slightly increased retraction speed, due to the decoupling of the damping element in the second section of the displacement path, prevents the stop of the drawer element by the commencement of static friction instead of rolling or sliding friction when guiding the drawer element. With the self-retracting and damping device according to the invention, the self-retracting function and the damping function are each assigned to one of the drivers. The coupling between the drivers can be clearly determined mechanically by design. In this way it is possible to specify the ratio of the length of the first or second section to the total travel distance. 
     The preferred length of the second section is between 20% and 40% and in particular between 30% and 35% of the total displacement of the first carrier. The total displacement path corresponds to the sum of the length of the first and second sections. In typical applications, the specified conditions represent a good compromise between sufficient damping and safe insertion into the end position. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, the second driver has a second driver fork to interact with an internal activator arranged on the first driver to couple the two drivers together. In the first section of the retraction movement, the first driver with its internal activator preferably engages in the second driver fork of the second driver in order to couple the two drivers. At the end of the first section, the second driver is guided through the second guide curve in such a way that the coupling between the two drivers is eliminated in the second section of the displacement path. This can be implemented in a constructively simple and reliable manner in that the second guide curve has an angled end section in the transition area between the first and second sections, with the angled end section pointing away from the first guide curve. A retraction of the second driver (or part of the second driver) into the angled end section moves the driver fork at least on one side away from the internal activator, which is then released and can move further into the second section of the retraction movement. 
     In another advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, a detent means is arranged in the area of the angled end section of the second guide curve, which fixes the second driver in the end section. This prevents the second driver from slipping back out of the angled end section, especially if the angled end section is pointing downwards due to gravity. 
     In a further advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, the energy storage unit has at least one tension spring and/or at least one compression spring. The above springs can also be combined, for example by the energy storage unit having a tension spring and a compression spring which are connected to each other via a coupling carriage which is guided in a sliding manner on a housing of the self-retracting and damping device. This combination enables a long displacement path of the first driver with a short installation length of the energy storage unit. 
     In a further advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, the damping element is a linear damper. In principle, other types of damping elements, e.g., a rotary damper, can also be used, but a linear damper is advantageous for a linear displacement movement of the second driver. 
     In a further advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, the second guide curve has at least one evasion section running obliquely to the main guide direction to enable an evasive movement of the second driver in a direction transverse to the main guide direction. Due to transport or installation, a situation may occur in which the internal activator of the first driver is not positioned in the second driver fork, although the first driver is in the first section of the retraction movement. In order to be able to move the internal activator back into the second driver fork, the evasion sections are provided in the guide curve. Preferably, the second driver has a spring lance protruding into its travel, which exerts a restoring force on the second driver during the evasive movement. This results in a resilient evasive movement. When the two drivers are correctly positioned again due to the evasive movement, the second driver springs back and the second driver fork grips the internal activator positively again to establish a coupling of the two drivers. 
     In a further advantageous embodiment of the self-retracting and damping device, at least one edge of the second guide curve is designed to be flexible in sections in order to enable an evasive movement of the second driver in a direction transverse to the main guide direction. This alternative embodiment also allows an evasive movement of the second driver in order to correct an incorrect positioning of the two drivers. If the second guide curve is formed in a wall of a housing of the self-retracting and damping device, compliance can be advantageously achieved by one or more incisions formed adjacent and preferably parallel to the second guide curve in the wall. 
     A piece of furniture or domestic appliance according to the invention having at least one drawer element is characterized in that it has at least one of the self-retracting and damping devices described above acting on the drawer element. In this case, the self-retracting and damping device can be stationary relative to a body of the furniture or domestic appliance and interact with an external activator connected to the drawer element. Alternatively, the self-retracting and damping device may be located on the drawer element and interact with a stationary external activator. This results in the advantages mentioned in connection with the self-retracting and damping device. 
     The self-retracting and damping device according to the invention can be used for any end positions of the drawer element. The particularly advantageous application serves to retract the drawer element into a retracted closed position within the piece of furniture or domestic appliance. In the same way, it is also possible to use the self-retracting and damping device to retract the drawer element into an open position, in which the drawer element is brought into its extended end position outside the furniture body or domestic appliance. For example, two or more self-retracting and damping devices can be combined to retract and dampen a drawer element in both the closed and open positions. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIGURES 
       The invention will be explained in more detail below by reference to embodiment examples shown in the drawings, wherein: 
         FIGS. 1 a, b    show in each case an isometric representation of a first embodiment example of a self-retracting and damping device mounted on a body rail of a pull-out guide in different operating positions; 
         FIG. 2  shows a rear view of the arrangement according to  FIG. 1   a;    
         FIG. 3  shows the self-retracting and damping device of the first embodiment example in an isometric representation; 
         FIG. 4  shows the self-retracting and damping device according to  FIG. 3  in an isometric explosion diagram; 
         FIGS. 5 a - d    show in each case an isometric representation of the self-retracting and damping device of the first embodiment example in various operating positions with the housing partially cut open; 
         FIGS. 6 a - c    show in each case an isometric representation or a side view of the self-retracting and damping device of the first embodiment example in various operating positions with the housing partially cut open; 
         FIG. 7 a    shows an isometric representation of a second embodiment example of a self-retracting and damping device in an operating position; 
         FIG. 7 b    shows a representation analogous to  FIG. 7 a    with the housing partially cut open; 
         FIGS. 8 a, b    show in each case an isometric representation of the self-retracting and damping device of the second embodiment example analogous to  FIGS. 7 a, b    in a further operating position; 
         FIG. 9  shows a section from  FIG. 8 a    in a side view; 
         FIG. 10  shows the self-retracting and damping device of the second embodiment example in an isometric exploded view; 
         FIG. 11  shows an embodiment example of a piece of furniture with a pull-out guide and a self-retracting and damping device in an isometric sectional drawing; and 
         FIG. 12  shows an isometric partial view of a refrigeration appliance with a pull-out guide and a self-retracting and damping device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIGS. 1 a , 1 b    and  2  show a first embodiment example of a self-retracting and damping device  10  mounted on a pull-out guide for a drawer element. A body rail  1  with mounting brackets  2  is shown from the pull-out guide. For reasons of clarity, a running rail mounted in this sliding bearing relative to body rail  1  is not shown. An external activator  3  is attached to such a running rail or to a drawer element connected to this running rail and thus moves with the running rail or drawer element. 
       FIG. 1 a    shows an isometric oblique view of the arrangement of body rail  1  and self-retracting and damping device  10  in a state corresponding to a partially extended drawer element. Accordingly, the external activator  3  is not in contact with the self-retracting and damping device  10 . 
       FIG. 1 b    shows the self-retracting and damping device  10  with gripped and fully retracted external activator  3  from the same viewing direction as  FIG. 1 a   . This corresponds to a fully retracted state of the drawer element.  FIG. 2  shows the condition according to  FIG. 1 a    in a rear view, i.e., with a view to the mounting surfaces of the mounting brackets  2 . 
     As  FIGS. 1 a  and 1 b    show, the self-retracting and damping device  10  has a housing  11 , which is preferably an integral injection-molded plastic element. Fastening means  110  are provided on the housing  11  with which the self-retracting and damping device  10  can be fastened without tools to one of the mounting brackets  2 . In the longitudinal extension direction, at least one side of the housing  11  has an incision  111 , into which the external activator  3  enters. Furthermore, guide curves  112 ,  113  are designed in the housing  11  for drivers arranged inside and mounted displaceably in the guide curves  112 ,  113 . 
     In this embodiment example, the first guide curve  112  is formed in the upper part of the housing  11 . A first driver  12  is guided in it. This first driver  12  is coupled to an energy storage unit  13 . The second guide curve  113  is formed in the lower part of the housing  11 . In this second guide curve  113 , a second driver  17  is guided. This is connected to a damping element  18 . Both guide curves  112  and  113  run parallel to each other with regard to their main direction of guidance. 
       FIGS. 3 and 4  show the self-retracting and damping device  10  of the first embodiment example separately from the body rail  1  in an isometric representation ( FIG. 3 ) or an isometric explosion representation ( FIG. 4 ). Details of the self-retracting and damping device  10  are first explained in more detail using these two figures. The motion sequence of the self-retracting and damping device  10  when retracting or extending the external activator  3  is subsequently described in more detail in connection with  FIGS. 5 a  to 5 d  and 6 a    to  6   c.    
     The first driver  12  has guide pins  120  protruding laterally, as well as a driver fork  121  open at the bottom. The external activator  3  engages in this. With the guide pins  120 , the first driver  12  is guided in the first guide curves  112 , which are formed opposite each other in each wall of the housing  11 . The guide curve  112  is formed as a crutch curve, which has an upwardly facing bent end section  112   a  in its front area. 
     The front and rear designations refer to the direction of movement of the drawer element within the scope of the application. When closing the drawer element, the external activator  3  moves towards the front area of the self-retracting and damping device  10 . Due to the upwardly facing angled end section  112   a , the front area of the driver  120  lifts up in the maximum extended position, whereby the external activator  3  can be picked up when driving into the driver fork  121  or is released when driving out of it. 
     A fork  122  is arranged on the upper side of the driver  12 , via which a connection to the energy storage unit  13  is made. In the present case, the energy storage unit  13  is realized by a combination of a tension spring  14  and a compression spring  15 . For drawing reasons, the tension spring  14  is not reproduced over its entire length. It should be noted that, alternatively, the energy storage unit  13  can be composed of only one tension spring, only one compression spring and/or other combinations of one or more different springs. In the present combination of tension spring  14  and compression spring  15 , the tension spring  14  with spring heads  140  is engaged for hooking into the fork  122  of the first driver  120  and on the other hand into a comparable fork  161  of a coupling carriage  16 . 
     The coupling carriage  16  is essentially made up of two parallel tube sections arranged one above the other, the upper of which represents a tension spring guide  160 , through which the tension spring  14  is guided. The lower tube section, closed at the rear, forms a compression spring receptacle  162  for the compression spring  15 . The coupling carriage  16  is guided with its tension spring guide  160  in a downwardly open sleeve  115 , which is formed in the rear area of the housing  11 . The sleeve  115 , which is open at the bottom, has webs at its opening which engage in the waist between the tension spring guide  160  and the compression spring receptacle  162 . The combination of tension spring  14  and compression spring  15  leads to an advantageous linear spring behavior of the energy storage unit  13 , even over a long guide travel of the first driver  120  with a relatively short installation length of the self-retracting and damping device  10 . 
     The second driver  17  also has guide pins  170 , with which it is guided in the second guide curve  113 . This guide curve  113  is formed essentially parallel to the first guide curve  112 . It is also a crutch curve with an angled end section  113   a . In the middle area of the guide curve  113  there is a parking section  113   b  running diagonally upwards and an evasion section  113   c  running diagonally downwards, the function of which will be explained later. 
     At its front end, a spring lance  173  protruding in the direction of movement is arranged on the second driver  17 , which also has protruding guide pins on its sides. The function of this spring lance  173  is also explained in more detail below. In the front area, the guide curve  113  leads into a pocket-shaped channel  114  into which the spring lance  173  can retract. 
     The two guide curves  112 ,  113  have different lengths, which lead to different travel paths of the two drivers  12 ,  17 . In this case, the travel path of the first driver  12  is longer and represents the entire travel path of the retraction movement that the external activator  3  can perform within the self-retracting and damping device  10 . In a first section A of the retracting movement, the second driver  17  moves together with the first driver  12 . A second section B of the retracting movement is then only performed by the first driver  12 . The length of the second section B in this example is about 33% of the total displacement path of the first driver  12 . The total displacement path of the first driver  12  corresponds to the sum of the lengths of the first and second sections A, B. 
     The second driver  17  has a fork  171  open at the top, into which the internal activator  123  engages in order to couple both drivers  12 ,  17  to each other. In the rear area, a receptacle  172  is formed on the second driver  17  to couple this second driver  17  with the damping element  18 . This is designed as a linearly operating cylinder damper (also called linear damper) with a piston rod  180 , which at its end carries a ball head  181 , which engages in the receptacle  172 . The damping element  18  has unspecified fastening means with which it is preferably latched to the housing  11 . 
       FIGS. 5 a -5 d    show a sequence of four representations illustrating the self-retracting and damping process at different stages. The figures are isometric representations comparable with  FIG. 3 , but the area of the drivers  12 ,  17  is hidden from the housing  11  in order to provide an insight into the motion sequence of the drivers  12 ,  17  and their interaction. For reasons of clarity, not all elements in the figures are marked with reference numerals. 
       FIG. 5 a    first shows the rest position of the self-retracting and damping device  10  with the drawer element extended. Accordingly, both drivers  12 ,  17  are in their front position, with the energy storage unit  13  being maximally preloaded and the piston rod  180  of the damping element  18  being maximally extended. In this position, the first driver  12  in the front area is tilted upwards to accommodate an external activator (for example, the external activator  3  from  FIGS. 1 a , 1 b    and  2 ). The internal activator  123  of the first driver  12  is positioned in the driver fork  171  of the second driver  17 . The two drivers  12 ,  17  are thus coupled to each other. 
     After the external activator  3  has been inserted into the driver fork  121 , the first driver  12  is tilted from its rest position and moves under the force action of the energy storage unit  13  in the direction of the retracted position. An intermediate position of this movement is shown in  FIG. 5 b   . The internal activator  123  is still positioned in the driver fork  171 , so that the second driver  17  moves synchronously with the first driver  12  and the retraction movement is dampened. 
     In the continued retraction movement shown in  FIG. 5 c   , the second driver  17  reaches the end of its second guideway  113  in the transition region between the two sections A and B of the retraction movement, wherein the guide pin  170  advancing in the direction of movement pivots into the bent end region  113   a  (not visible in  FIG. 5 c   ). As a result, the second driver  17  tilts in the rear area, releasing the internal activator  123  of the first driver  12 . In this case, the spring lance  173  swivels up. To enable this movement, the parking section  113  is provided, in which the guide pins of the spring lance  173  are located. 
     In the second section B, which now follows, the first driver  12  moves undamped under the action of the force of the energy storage unit  13  until the end of the first guideway  112  is reached. This condition is shown in  FIG. 5   d.    
     When the drawer element is extended again from the closed state according to  FIG. 5 d   , the sequence shown in partial drawings  5   a - 5   d  runs backwards. At the transition between the second section B and the first section A the internal activator  123  couples into the second driver fork  171  and lifts the second driver  17  from its rear idle state. 
     Then both drivers  12 ,  17  move together in the first section A (see  FIG. 3 ) until at the front end of the first section A the first driver  12  pivots upwardly at the front and releases the external activator  3 . The self-retracting and damping device is then again in its front resting position according to  FIG. 5   a.    
     For transport or installation reasons, it is possible with the self-retracting and damping device  10  shown that the two drivers  12 ,  17  are not coupled even in the area of the first section A, but that the internal activator  123  is positioned outside the second driver fork  171 . 
     Such a situation is depicted in  FIG. 6 a    in a comparable way to  FIGS. 5 a - d   . The internal activator  123  (in this illustration) is located to the left of the second driver fork  171 . In this situation, the first driver  12  would not reach the front end of its first guideway  112 , so that the activator  3  cannot be released. In order to also return to a regular operating state in the situation shown, the evasion section  113   c  is provided in the second guideway  113 . As the first driver  12  continues to move toward the front end of the self-retracting and damping device  10 , the internal activator  123  pushes the second driver  17  downward in its rear region, with the corresponding guide pin  170  moving into the evasion section  113   c . The second driver  17  then tilts so far that the first driver  12  can pass. 
       FIG. 6 c    shows a state shortly before reaching the front stop of the first driver  12 , in which the internal activator  123  is shortly before reaching the second driver fork  171 . In order to ensure that the second driver  170  takes up a horizontal alignment again after passing the first driver  12 , in which the guide pin  170  is positioned in the horizontal area of the guide curve  113 , the spring lance  173  protruding forwards is provided on the second driver  17 . When pressing down the second driver  17  at its rear end, the spring lance  173  assumes the bending position shown in  FIGS. 6 b  and 6 c   . This bending position is accompanied by a restoring force for the second driver  17  to its original horizontal alignment. Accordingly, as soon as the internal activator  123  has completely reached the position of the driver fork  171 , the second driver  17  in the rear area will spring back to its original position according to  FIG. 5 a   , relaxing the spring lance  173 . The system is then back in its correct initial operating state. 
       FIGS. 7 a    to  10  show a second embodiment example of a self-retracting and damping device  10 . This device is intended for separate mounting inside a domestic appliance or in a furniture body, or alternatively for mounting on the drawer element or on the movable part of the furniture, wherein the external activator is then attached to the fixed part of the furniture, domestic appliance or guide. In the second embodiment example, identical reference numerals indicate elements with the same or equivalent effect as in the first embodiment example. 
       FIG. 7 a    shows the self-retracting and damping device  10  initially in an isometric oblique view together with an external activator  3 , which is located shortly before entering the self-retracting and damping device  10 . 
     With regard to its basic design, the self-retracting and damping device  10  of the second embodiment example is comparable to that of the first embodiment example. In the following, the differences between the two embodiments will be discussed in particular. 
     In the second embodiment example, the first driver  12 , which receives the external activator  3  with its driver fork  121 , is arranged in a lower region of the housing  11 , and the second driver  17 , which is coupled to the damping element  18 , is arranged in an upper section of the housing  11 . First and second guideways  112 ,  113 , respectively, are again provided, which guide the first and second drivers  12 ,  17 , respectively, on a crutch curve. Again, the first guide curve  112  has an angled end section  112   a  at the front and the second guide curve  113  has an angled end section  113   a  at the rear. 
     As in the first embodiment example, the two drivers  12 ,  17  couple in a first section A of the movement so that a damped self-retracting movement occurs. In a second section B, the second driver  17  releases the internal activator  123  from its driver fork  171 , so that in the second section B there is an undamped self-retracting movement. 
     The coupling of the two drivers  12 ,  17  in the first movement section is shown in  FIG. 7 b   , which shows the self-retracting and damping device  10  in the same state as  FIG. 7 a    with partially cut housing  11 . 
       FIGS. 8 a  and 8 b    show the self-retracting and damping device  10  in the fully retracted state of the activator  3 , analogous to  FIGS. 7 a  and 7 b   . As can be seen from  FIG. 8 b   , in the second section B the rear end of the second driver  17  is pivoted upwardly, in which the corresponding guide pin  170  enters the angled end section  113   a . The coupling of the drivers  12 ,  17  is cancelled and the first driver  12  can move undamped up to its end stop. 
     Due to the reversed arrangement of the guideways  112 ,  113  compared to the first embodiment example, the second guideway  113  in the angled end section  113   a  runs upwards. Since the spring force is not applied, the second driver  17  could slip out of the end position shown in  FIG. 8 a    or  8   b  due to gravity after decoupling the two drivers  12 ,  17 . 
     To prevent this, a detent means  116  in the form of a resilient projection is arranged in the angled end section  113   a , as shown in  FIG. 9  in an enlarged section of the self-retracting and damping device  10  of the second design example. In the end position, the guide pin  170  remains above the detent means  116 . Under the action of force, however, once the coupling with the first driver  12  has been restored, the guide pin  170  can easily slide over the detent means  116  and be moved out of the end position. In order to achieve the resilient effect of the detent means  116 , an incision  117  is made in the wall of the housing  11  around the angled end section  113   a.    
     As can be seen especially in  FIG. 8 a   , the energy storage unit  13  in the second embodiment example is also realized by a combination of a tension spring  14  and a compression spring  15 . In turn, a coupling carriage  16  is present, which is guided in a section of the housing  11  formed as sleeve  115 . 
       FIG. 10  shows the structure of the self-retracting and damping device  10  in an isometric exploded view as an overview in accordance with the second embodiment example. In contrast to the first embodiment example, the tension spring  14  of the second embodiment example extends within the compression spring  15 .  FIG. 10  shows that the coupling carriage  16  has only a tubular receptacle for both the compression spring  15  and the tension spring  14  guided therein, and in the upper region a likewise elongated pin  163 , which is guided in the sleeve  115 . 
     There is a further difference between the two embodiment examples with regard to an operating state in which the internal activator  123  is not positioned in the driving fork  171  even in the first movement section (see  FIGS. 6 a  to 6 c    and associated description). In the present case, re-engagement of the internal activator  123  into the driving fork  171  is made possible by at least one edge (in the present case the upper edge) of the second guide curve  113  being resilient and elastic in its front region and thus offering a certain freedom of movement for the guide pin  170 . This is achieved by making an incision  118  parallel to the second guide curve  113 , which allows the second driver  17  to move upwards so far that the first driver  12  can pass with its internal activator  123 . As shown below, comparable incisions  119  can be made in support of the first guide curve  121 . These allow the first driver  12  to move downwards accordingly. 
     In connection with  FIGS. 11 and 12 , examples of a piece of furniture or domestic appliance in which a self-retracting and damping device  10  is used in accordance with the application are shown below. 
       FIG. 11  shows in an isometric sectional view a partial view of a body  4  of a piece of furniture in form of a cabinet as an example. A pull-out guide facing the interior  6  of body  4  is arranged on one side wall  5  of body  4 . The pull-out guide is similar to that shown in  FIG. 1 a , 1 b    or  2 . It comprises a body rail  1 , which is attached to the side wall  5  via mounting bracket  2 . 
     A self-retracting and damping device  10  is also attached to the side wall  5  between the mounting brackets. The self-retracting and damping device  10  essentially corresponds to the self-retracting and damping device  10  of the first embodiment example shown in  FIGS. 1 a -6 b   . However, the difference is that no fastening is provided on the mounting brackets  2 , but directly on the side wall  5 . For example, screw holes in the housing  11  of the self-retracting and damping device  10  can be provided for fastening. The guide rail  1  shown here, together with a running rail not shown here, serves to guide a drawer element, for example a drawer, horizontally. An external activator is mounted on the drawer or running rail  3  which cooperates with the self-retracting and damping device  10  in the manner described above. 
       FIG. 12  shows the use of a self-retracting and damping device  10  in an interior space  6  of a body  4  of a refrigeration appliance. As an example,  FIG. 12  shows an isometric view of a combined refrigerator and freezer, wherein the self-retracting and damping device  10  is mounted in the upper partially shown interior space  6  on a side wall  5  of the body  4 . Body  4  is an insulating body of the refrigeration appliance, the front face of which is provided with a circumferential insulating seal  7 . 
     The pull-out guide shown corresponds in turn to that shown in  FIGS. 1 a , 1 b    and  2  and includes a running rail  1  which is mounted on the side wall  5  via mounting bracket  2 . In the case shown, a full-extension pull-out guide has been realized which comprises two further rails  8 , namely a middle rail and a running rail. In addition, a synchronization unit  9  in the form of a cable pull is arranged on the pull-out guide, which ensures synchronous movement of body rail  1  and the other rails  8  relative to each other. 
     The self-retracting and damping device  10  corresponds to that of the first embodiment example and, as shown in connection with  FIGS. 1 a , 1 b    and  2 , is attached to the front of the mounting bracket  2 . 
     It interacts with an external activator which is not visible here and which is arranged on one of the other rails  8 , preferably the running rail. Alternatively, as with the furniture shown in  FIG. 11 , the self-retracting and damping device  10  can be arranged on the drawer element and interact with an external activator which is fixed relative to body  4 . 
     The advantage of the self-retracting and damping device  10  when used in a refrigerating unit is that it ensures that the drawer element guided by the pull-out guide can be retracted safely. In this way, it is reliably prevented that a door of the refrigeration unit not shown here is in contact with a drawer element that may not be fully retracted and does not close properly. 
     Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the examples disclosed, and other variations can be derived from these by the person skilled in the art without leaving the scope of the invention. It is therefore clear that there is a plurality of possible variations. It is also clear that embodiments stated by way of example are only really examples that are not to be seen as limiting the scope, application possibilities or configuration of the invention in any way. In fact, the preceding description and the description of the figures enable the person skilled in the art to implement the exemplary embodiments in concrete manner, wherein, with the knowledge of the disclosed inventive concept, the person skilled in the art is able to undertake various changes, for example, with regard to the functioning or arrangement of individual elements stated in an exemplary embodiment without leaving the scope of the invention, which is defined by the claims and their legal equivalents, such as further explanations in the description. 
     LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           1  Body rail 
           2  Mounting bracket 
           3  External activator 
           4  Body 
           5  Side wall 
           6  Interior space 
           7  Door seal 
           8  Additional rail 
           9  Synchronization unit 
           10  Self-retracting and damping device 
           11  Housing 
           110  Fastening means 
           111  Incision 
           112  First guide curve 
           112   a  Angled end section 
           113  Second guide curve 
           113   a  Angled end section 
           113   b  Parking section 
           113   c  Evasion section 
           114  Channel 
           115  Sleeve 
           116  Detent means 
           117  Incision 
           118  Incision 
           119  Incision 
           12  First driver 
           120  Guide pin 
           121  Driver fork 
           122  Fork for spring 
           123  Internal activator 
           13  Energy storage unit 
           14  Tension spring 
           140  Spring head 
           15  Compression spring 
           16  Coupling carriage 
           160  Tension spring guide 
           161  Fork for spring 
           162  Compression spring receptacle 
           163  Pin 
           17  Second driver 
           170  Guide pin 
           171  Driver fork 
           172  Receptacle for ball head 
           173  Spring lance 
           18  Damping element 
           180  Piston rod 
           181  Ball head 
         A First section 
         B Second section