Patent Publication Number: US-2023144235-A1

Title: Actuating Device with Cover Element, Vehicle, and Method

Description:
The invention relates to an actuating device, a vehicle and a method. 
     Prior art actuating devices for vehicles are known in which a user can trigger a vehicle function by an actuation action. It is known to use proximity sensors to detect an approach of a user and, for example, to unlock a door lock of a vehicle door so that the user can conveniently open the vehicle door. Such proximity sensors are usually integrated into a door handle. Due to their geometry, door handles offer the advantage that they allow simple encapsulation of the sensor technology in order to protect the sensor technology from moisture and other environmental influences. However, if the sensor system is to be arranged on another vehicle part, such as a body component, for example, such encapsulation cannot be easily transferred to the body component due to the planar extension of the vehicle part. 
     It is an object of the present invention to at least partially eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages known from the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to enable sealing of a sensor unit on a planar vehicle part of a vehicle, preferably outer side of a door handle of the vehicle, with improved manufacturing possibilities and/or improved ease of use. 
     The foregoing problem is solved by an actuating device having the features of claim  1 , a vehicle having the features of claim  17 , and a method having the features of claim  19 . Further features and details of the invention result from the respective dependent claims, the description and the drawings. In this context, features and details described in connection with the actuating device according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the vehicle according to the invention and/or the method according to the invention, and vice versa in each case, so that reference is or can always be made mutually with regard to the disclosure concerning the individual aspects of the invention. 
     In accordance with a first aspect of the invention, an actuating device for triggering a function of a vehicle by a user is provided. The actuating device comprises a planar cover element for a vehicle part of the vehicle. The cover element comprises a cover inner side and a cover outer side. Further, the actuating device has an electronics unit having a sensor unit for detecting an actuation action of the user to trigger the function of the vehicle. The electronics unit has an electronics outer side and an electronics inner side, the electronics inner side being opposite to the electronics outer side. Further, the electronics unit has the electronics outer side oriented toward the cover inner side and arranged on the cover element to detect the actuation action on the cover outer side. A first sleeve section for protecting the electronics inner side is attached to the cover element, so that the cover element and the first sleeve section form a closed sleeve for protecting the electronics unit. 
     The vehicle component function may include, for example, unlocking a door lock, opening a vehicle door, and/or turning on a light and/or an electrical device. The vehicle component may comprise, for example, an outer component or an inner component of the vehicle. 
     The planar design/configuration of the cover element can be understood in particular as meaning that the cover element has a planar, in particular sleeve-like, extension. For example, the cover element can have a thin-walled design/configuration. The cover element may in particular be a panel for a body component of the vehicle. For example, an outer surface of the vehicle component may be formable by the cover element. The outer surface may be an inner surface or an outer surface of the vehicle. Preferably, the cover element may form a visible surface of the vehicle part. For example, the cover element may be arrangeable behind a pane of glass, in particular with respect to an outer surface of the vehicle. In this case, the actuating device is preferably arranged on a door of the vehicle, in particular a side door and/or sliding door. As a result, optical and/or electromagnetic signals can be transmitted to a user located in front of the vehicle part and/or can be received by the user through the sensor unit. Preferably, the cover element may be integrable into a body surface and/or an optic of a body surface of the vehicle, in particular to enable the opening of a side door of the vehicle as a function triggerable by the actuation action. It is conceivable that the cover element can be integrated into a B-pillar of the vehicle. Consequently, in this case the actuating device is optionally arranged on the B-pillar. In particular, the cover element has a plastic or is made of a plastic. Due to the sensor unit, the cover element can be designed/configured without a handle and/or switch. In particular, the cover inner side faces the cover outer side with respect to the cover element. For example, the vehicle part can have a cover inner side in which electrical components can be arranged. In this case, the inner side of the cover can be oriented in particular towards the inner side of the cover. 
     In particular, the electronics unit can have several conductor tracks and/or electronic components, preferably in the form of semiconductor elements, to process electrical signals. Furthermore, the electronics unit may have a power source for supplying power to the sensor unit and/or a connection for connection to a vehicle power supply. For example, it is conceivable that the sleeve comprises a cable outlet through which cables can be guided from the electronics unit to an outer side of the sleeve. This can ensure a connection between the electronics unit and a vehicle electronics system and/or a vehicle power supply. Preferably, the electronics unit has a planar extension. In particular, a longitudinal side of the electronics unit can be oriented vertically and/or horizontally on the vehicle part. The electronics inner side and the electronics outer side can, for example, each comprise a side of a circuit board of the electronics unit on which electrical components are arranged. In particular, the electronics inner side is opposite the electronics outer side with respect to the electronics unit. The electronics inner side may further be oriented facing away from the cover element. In this regard, the sensor unit may preferably be oriented such that the actuation action is detectable on the electronics outer side, in particular when the user is located on the electronics outer side on the vehicle or in the vicinity of the vehicle. By the fact that the actuation action is detectable on the outer side of the fairing, it can be understood in particular that the actuation action is detectable on a surface of the outer side of the fairing element and/or that the actuation action is detectable at a distance from a surface of the outer side of the fairing. It is conceivable that the sensor unit is designed/configured, for example, for capacitive, inductive and/or optical detection of the actuation action and/or for detection of the actuation action by means of ultrasound. The sensor unit can preferably be designed/configured for motion detection, in particular for gesture detection, at a distance, in particular from 1 cm to 20 cm, preferably from 2 cm to 15 cm, particularly preferably from 5 cm to 10 cm, from the actuating device. 
     The first cover section can be fastened directly or indirectly to the cover element. For example, the first sleeve section can be formed by a housing sleeve that is fastened to the cover element with a sealing compound. In particular, the first sleeve section can be caulked or screwed to the cover element. This can provide an advantageous fastening option, in particular under pretension. However, it is also conceivable that the first sleeve section is applied to the electronics unit and the cover element in at least partially liquid form. In particular, the cover may thus form a closed housing. Preferably, the cover element and/or the first sleeve section and the electronics unit are configured in such a way that the electronics unit can be arranged in at most two orientations, preferably in only one orientation, between the cover element and the first sleeve section. For this purpose, the electronics unit and the cover element and/or the first sleeve section can have positioning aids, in particular in the form of asymmetrical recesses and/or projections. In this way, incorrect assembly can be intuitively prevented. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the sensor unit, the electronics unit and/or the casing is designed/configured at least partially or completely symmetrically, in particular with respect to a central plane of the actuating device, as a result of which the actuating device can be optionally mounted on two opposite sides of the vehicle. For example, for use on different sides of the vehicle, only a reprogramming of a control unit of the electronics unit can be carried out. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a switch can be switched over, by means of which an arrangement on the left or right side in the direction of travel is determined. Depending on the side of the vehicle, for example, the direction of the actuation action for triggering the function of the vehicle and/or a display sequence of an information unit can be defined. In the case of sliding doors on both sides, for example, both doors can open towards the rear of the vehicle, so that a mirrored actuation action is expected in each case along the opening direction for automatic opening of the respective sliding door. 
     The electronics unit with the sensor unit is thus protected by the cover element, particularly on the outer side of the electronics. This means, for example, that a separate, complete housing for the electronics unit is not necessary. Furthermore, the actuating device can be adapted in a cost-effective manner for planar vehicle parts of any shape. For example, it is conceivable that the electronics unit is not arranged until the vehicle part is mounted on the cover element. This allows greater flexibility in the manufacture of the actuating device. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the first sleeve section has a casting compound or a lid element, in particular wherein the first sleeve section is connected to the cover element by a material bond. In particular, the electronics unit and the cover element can be directly cast with the casting compound. In particular, the casting compound may comprise an epoxy resin and/or an acrylate in order to protect the electronics unit from environmental influences, in particular from moisture. In particular, the casting compound may be transparent or opaque and/or opaque. The casting compound may implement a material bond of the first sleeve section with the cover element. In particular, the electronics inner side and/or the electronics outer side may be completely covered with casting compound. Preferably, at least the sensor unit is completely covered with casting compound. Between the lid element and the cover element, a seal can be realized by a sealing means/element, in particular running around the lid element. The sealant may, for example, comprise a silicone or a sealing adhesive. Furthermore, the sealing means/element can at the same time form a material-bonding fastening of the lid element to the cover element. The first sleeve section can be bonded, welded, in particular friction-welded and/or laser-welded, to the cover element. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the cover element has an electronics receptacle for receiving the electronics unit, in particular wherein the electronics unit is fastened in the electronics receptacle to the cover element in a form-fitting and/or material-bonding manner. For a form-fitting reception of the electronics unit in the electronics receptacle, a shape of the electronics receptacle can correspond to a shape of the electronics unit and/or a frame for the electronics unit. Preferably, the cover element may be a casting, in particular an injection-molded part. As a result, the electronics receptacle can be formed in a simple manner on the inner side of the fairing. In particular, the electronics receptacle is integral and of the same material as the cover inner side and/or the cover outer side of the cover element. In particular, it may be provided that the electronics unit is caulked to the cover element and/or the lid element. 
     Preferably, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can be provided that the electronics unit has a circuit board, preferably in the form of a circuit board, with at least one, in particular capacitive or inductive, sensor element of the sensor unit for detecting the (preferably contactless) actuation action, in particular with the sensor element being arranged on the outer side of the electronics on the circuit board. In particular, the circuit board forms a base for the electronics unit. Preferably, the circuit board is a multilayer circuit board. The sensor element may in particular be a sensor electrode. For example, the sensor element may comprise an electrical coil or a sensor surface in the form of an electrically conductive surface. As a result, a capacitive or inductive change in an electromagnetic field can be detectable. Corresponding to the sensor element, a shielding element, in particular in the form of a shield electrode, can be arranged on the inner side of the electronics, through which an electric field of the sensor element can be alignable. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the sensor element is surrounded by a shielding element on the outer side of the electronics, through which an electric field of the sensor element can be aligned. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the electronics unit has several circuit boards on which various electronic components are distributed. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the sensor unit has a plurality of sensor elements, in particular of the same type, for detecting the actuation action, whereby a direction of the actuation action can be identified. Preferably, the sensor elements may be arranged on the outer side of the electronics on the circuit board. For example, the sensor elements may be fabricated by a printing process and/or an etching process. The sensor elements can be inductive and/or capacitive. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that the sensor elements are designed/configured for optical detection and/or for detection by means of ultrasound. The direction of the actuation action can be detected along an arrangement direction of the sensor elements, in particular on the outer side of the electronics. Thus, a gesture can be provided as the actuation action. For example, if the function of the vehicle is an opening of a sliding door of the vehicle, a gesture along an opening direction of the sliding door may be provided as the actuation action. Preferably, the sensor elements are arranged such that a horizontal gesture in front of the vehicle part leads to the triggering of the function of the vehicle by the sensor unit. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the sensor elements are arranged in a regular pattern, preferably matrix-like and/or strip-like, on the circuit board. Due to the regular pattern, a gesture recognition for recognizing the actuation action may be simplified. A matrix-like arrangement can be understood as a two-dimensional arrangement of the sensor elements. For example, an arrangement of two by two sensor elements in one plane, in particular on the outer side of the electronics, may form the smallest matrix-like arrangement. In the strip-like arrangement, the sensor elements preferably have an elongated extension. In particular, in the strip-like arrangement, the sensor elements are arranged next to each other in a strip pattern. Thereby, a distance between the sensor elements can be constant. Preferably, the sensor elements in the strip-like arrangement on the circuit board form a pattern that extends in only one direction. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the sensor elements are arranged in an irregular pattern on the circuit board. By arranging the sensor elements in a pattern, an arbitrarily complex actuation action can be detectable in one plane. Furthermore, by arranging the sensor elements on a single circuit board, a construction unit can be enabled that is easy to handle during manufacturing and provides short signal paths for detecting the actuation action. It can also be simplified to manufacture the sensor elements using a printing or etching process. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the electronics unit has an information unit by means of which the detection of the actuation action can be confirmed to the user on the outer side of the panel and/or a start of the actuation action can be signaled, in particular with the information unit being arranged on the circuit board. By means of the indication unit, an indication in the form of a signal can be output to the user that the user can start the actuation action and/or that the actuation action has been detected by the sensor unit. Thus, the hint unit can be used as, in particular, a contactless user interface. The indication in the form of the signal can be, for example, acoustic or optical. Likewise, it is conceivable that the indication in the form of the signal is made as a radio signal, for example to a smartphone or an electronic key of the user. Preferably, the indication unit is a unidirectional transmission unit. In particular, an input by the user can be made via the sensor unit. Thus, the hint unit and the sensor unit can form a dialogue unit for bidirectional communication with the user. By arranging the indication unit on the circuit board on which the sensor element is also arranged, manufacturing of the actuating device can be simplified and signal paths of the electronics unit can be simple and short. 
     It is further conceivable in an actuating device according to the invention that the indication unit is an optical indication unit and that the cover element has at least one light transmitting window region through which an optical signal can be transmitted to the user by the indication unit. Preferably, the window area comprises one or more transparent portions. For example, the window area may comprise at least one recess in a cover material of the cover element that is closed by a light-transmissive material. As a result, a seal of the cover may be maintained and the indication unit may be disposed within the cover. The cover element may be a two-component plastic injection molding. Preferably, a transparent material may be molded in the window area to an opaque and/or opaque cover material of the cover element. Also, the entire cover element may be made of the transparent material, with a non-transparent area (non-window area) being made light-absorbing or opaque by a film and/or paint and/or coating. 
     Preferably, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can be provided that the information unit has a plurality of light emitters for emitting an optical signal to the user, in particular wherein the light emitters are separated from one another at least in regions by opaque separating sections. By means of several light emitters, more complex information can be transmitted to the user as an indication. For example, the indication that can be transmitted by the indication unit can comprise a direction or the like. In particular, the light emitters can be dynamically controllable so that a dynamic display progression can be realized. The light emitters may be illuminants, in particular in the form of LEDs. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the information unit comprises an LED or OLED display and the light emitters are formed by individual display elements. By means of a display, display symbols of different complexity may be displayable to a user in order to be able to convey information to a user about an expected actuation action, a confirmed actuation action and/or the like. In particular, the window area may include a plurality of light transmitting sections separated from each other by the separating sections, particularly in the form of opaque and/or opaque material sections. The separating sections may be integrally formed with the cover member or separately formed from the cover member. For example, an intermediate element may be provided, in particular in the form of an insert, which comprises one of the separation sections or a plurality of separation sections. The intermediate element may be formed, for example, from sponge rubber or another flexible material. Preferably, the intermediate element has closed pores. As a result, the intermediate element can be formed to be non-water-attracting. The separating sections may improve distinguishability of the light source behind from a cover outer side. Preferably, the separating sections may extend between the light sources in a rib-like manner. The separating sections may direct light from the light emitters in a direction so that a user can associate the light with one of the light emitters, which may result in a clearer path when the light emitters are dynamically activated. Preferably, an encapsulated space is formed around each or group of the light emitters by the separating sections. For this purpose, the separating sections can be formed circumferentially around the light emitters and/or make sealing contact with the circuit board. In this way, for example, the outer side of the electronics can be covered with encapsulant by filling a gap between the electronics unit and the cover element without covering the light emitters with, in particular, opaque and/or opaque encapsulant. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it is conceivable that the electronics unit is enclosed in a frame with which the electronics unit can be positioned on the cover element. The frame can form an adapter for a form fit of the circuit board in the electronics receptacle. Preferably, the frame has form fit elements, in particular in the form of latching elements, for receiving the circuit board. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the electronics unit has a plurality of circuit boards which are arranged together in the frame and thereby form, in particular, a common assembly. This can simplify handling of the electronics unit during assembly on the cover element. Thus, an assembler can grip the frame when mounting the electronics unit on the cover element without touching the electronic components of the electronics unit. In particular, the frame is a plastic component. 
     Preferably, an actuating device according to the invention can provide that the electronics outer side of the electronics unit is covered with casting compound, in particular wherein the frame and/or the electronics unit has at least one receiving means/element for a casting nozzle for casting compound, so that the casting compound can be conveyed from the electronics inner side to the electronics outer side while the electronics unit is arranged on the cover element. By casting the outer side of the electronics unit with the casting compound, a space between the electronics unit and the cover element can be filled with casting compound. This prevents moisture from collecting in the intermediate space and thereby negatively affecting a measurement of the sensor unit. The receiving means/element allows casting compound to be reliably applied to the outer side of the electronics after the electronics unit has been arranged on the cover element. A casting nozzle can be understood as a tool or part of a tool for distributing casting compound. In particular, several receiving means/element for the casting nozzle can be provided circumferentially around a circuit board of the electronics unit on the frame. This can enable reliable and homogeneous distribution of the casting compound in the interstitial space. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that an elastic intermediate element is arranged in an intermediate space between the electronics unit and the cover element. Preferably, the intermediate element has a material with closed pores. Furthermore, the intermediate element can be elastically prestressed against the cover element by the electronics unit. This means that the intermediate element can also be used to fill the intermediate space and prevent moisture from penetrating. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the electronics unit has a touch sensor for detecting a pressure on the cover element, whereby a further function of the vehicle can be triggered, in particular wherein the touch sensor comprises an LDC sensor (inductive-action sensor). The touch sensor may enable a further actuation action of the user. The further function of the vehicle may be, for example, a locking and/or unlocking of a lock. Additionally or alternatively, the touch sensor may enable an emergency stop to be effected in the event of automatic opening and/or closing of a door. For example, an electrically conductive target element can be provided on the cover element, the change in distance of which can be registered by the touch sensor when the user presses on the vehicle part and/or the cover element. Preferably, a plurality of LDC sensors may be provided, in particular to enable detection of the further actuation action to be verified and/or over a wider actuation range on the vehicle part and/or the cover element. If, for example, provision is made for the function that can be triggered by the sensor unit to be enabled only after the further function has been activated, the probability of false triggering can be significantly reduced. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the electronics unit has an identification means/device for identifying the user, in particular wherein the identification means/device has a radio element for contactless data exchange with an ID transmitter. The ID transmitter may be understood to mean, for example, a smartphone and/or an electronic key of the user. In particular, the identification means/device may comprise an NFC interface (Near Field Communication interface), a BLE interface (Bluetooth Low Energy interface) and/or UWB interface (Ultra-wideband interface). This may enable authentication of the user by the identification means/device. In particular, the identification means/device may be capable of being in communication with a vehicle control unit to identify the user. In particular, the identity check can be executable by the vehicle control unit on the basis of the data exchange of the identification means/device with the ID transmitter. 
     Preferably, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can be provided that the electronics unit has a proximity sensor for detecting an approach of a user, in particular wherein the proximity sensor is designed/configured for capacitive detection of the approach. Thus, the proximity sensor can in particular provide a further capacitive sensor in addition to the sensor unit. By means of the proximity sensor, for example, the sensor unit, the touch sensor and/or the identification means/device can be awakened when the approach of the user is detected. This may allow energy to be conserved during operation of the actuating device. Further, the proximity sensor may be capable of activating the notification unit when the proximity is detected. For example, an activation state of the actuating device can thereby be signaled to a user. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the circuit board has several conductor layers, with the sensor unit being arranged on a first conductor layer and the touch sensor and/or the identification means/device being arranged on a further conductor layer. In this case, the conductor layers can be electrically insulated from one another. In particular, a sensor plane can be formed by each of the conductor layers. In this way, a compact design/configuration of the circuit board and/or the electronics unit can be achieved. 
     Furthermore, in an actuating device according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the electronics unit has a control unit for evaluating sensor signals from the sensor unit and for actuating the indicator unit as a function of the sensor signals. For example, the sensor signals of the sensor unit can be digitized and forwarded by the control unit directly in the electronics unit. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a direction of the actuation action can be detected by the control unit on the basis of the evaluation of the sensor signals. The evaluation of the sensor signals in the electronics unit can enable short signal paths. In addition, the information unit can be controlled as a function of the sensor signals, whereby the user can be provided with feedback on the detection of the direction of the actuation action. 
     According to another aspect of the invention, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle has an actuating device, in particular an actuating device according to the invention, for triggering a function of the vehicle by a user. The actuating device comprises a planar cover element of a vehicle part of the vehicle, having a cover inner side and a cover outer side. Further, the actuating device comprises an electronics unit having a sensor unit for detecting an actuation action of the user to trigger the function of the vehicle. The electronics unit has an electronics outer side and an electronics inner side, the electronics inner side being opposite the electronics outer side. Further, the electronics unit is oriented with the electronics outer side facing the cover inner side and is arranged on the cover element to detect the actuation action on the cover outer side. Further, a first sleeve section for protecting the electronics inner side is attached to the cover element so that the cover element and the first sleeve section form a closed sleeve for protecting the electronics unit. 
     Thus, a vehicle according to the invention brings the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to an actuating device according to the invention. Preferably, the vehicle is a motor vehicle. Preferably, the vehicle part further comprises a B-pillar of the vehicle and/or an inner part of the vehicle. The function that can be triggered by the actuating device may comprise an automatic movement of the vehicle part. For example, the electronics inner side may be oriented in the direction of a vehicle inner side of the vehicle and the electronics outer side may be oriented in the direction of a vehicle outer side if the cover element is a cover outer side of the vehicle. Furthermore, the electronics inner side can be oriented, for example, in the direction of a vehicle outer side and the electronics outer side can be oriented in the direction of a vehicle inner side of the vehicle if the cover element is a cover inner side of the vehicle. 
     Thus, the electronics unit with the sensor unit is protected by the cover element, allowing the actuating device to be mounted on the vehicle part in a cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the design/configuration freedom of the cover element can be increased if the electronics unit is not arranged on the cover element until the vehicle part is mounted. This can also result in greater overall flexibility in the manufacture of the actuating device. 
     Furthermore, in a vehicle according to the invention, it can advantageously be provided that the vehicle part is a door, in particular in the form of a sliding door, of the vehicle, wherein an opening means/element is provided for automatically opening the door as a function of the actuation action. As a result, the actuating device can also be moved along with the door when the door is opened, resulting in intuitive operation by the user when the user can perform the actuation action directly on the opened or closed door. In particular, the vehicle part can be designed/configured without handles. 
     According to a further aspect of the invention, a method of manufacturing an actuating device, in particular an actuating device according to the invention, for triggering a function of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle according to the invention, by a user, comprising the following steps/stages:
         Providing a planar cover element for a vehicle part of a vehicle having a cover inner side and a cover outer side,   Providing an electronics unit having a sensor unit for detecting an actuation action of the user to trigger the function of the vehicle,   Arranging the electronics unit on the cover element so that an electronics outer side of the electronics unit is oriented toward the cover inner side of the cover element,   Attaching a first sleeve section for protecting the inner side of the electronics to the cover element so that the cover element and the first sleeve section form a closed sleeve for protecting the electronics unit.       

     Thus, a method according to the invention entails the same advantages as have already been described in detail with reference to an actuating device according to the invention and/or a vehicle according to the invention. Preferably, when the planar cover element is provided, it is produced as a casting, in particular a multi-component plastic injection-molded part. When providing the electronics unit, a circuit board can be equipped with electronic components, printed. Additionally or alternatively, electronic components can be etched when providing the electronics unit. When attaching the first sleeve section to the cover element, a materially bonded connection of the first sleeve section to the cover element can be obtained. Thus, the electronics unit with the sensor unit is protected by the cover element, whereby the actuating device can be mounted on the vehicle part in a cost-effective manner. 
     Preferably, in a method according to the invention, it can be provided that the first sleeve section is formed by a casting compound that is cast with the electronics unit and the cover element. In this way, a materially-bonded connection between the first sleeve section and the cover element can be realized in a simple manner. In particular, when the casting compound is poured, the inner side of the electronics unit and the outer side of the electronics unit can be covered with casting compound. Preferably, an intermediate space between the cover element and the electronics unit is completely or substantially completely filled with casting compound. In this way, moisture in the area of a measuring field of the sensor unit can be prevented in order to improve reliable operation of the sensor unit. 
    
    
     
       Further advantages, features and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description, in which embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this connection, the features mentioned in the claims and in the description may each be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. It shows schematically: 
         FIG.  1    a vehicle according to the invention with an actuating device according to the invention in a first embodiment example 
         FIG.  2    a schematic exploded view of the actuating device, 
         FIGS.  3 - 4    different embodiments of the actuating device in sectional view, 
         FIG.  5    another schematic exploded view of an actuating device or, 
         FIG.  6 A  schematic representation of the method steps/stages according to the invention, 
         FIGS.  7 - 8    show an electronics unit of the actuating device in a further example, 
         FIGS.  9 - 10    an electronics unit of the actuating device in a further embodiment, 
         FIGS.  11 - 13    Different conductor layers of a circuit board of the electronics unit. 
     
    
    
     In the following description of some embodiments of the invention, the identical reference signs are used for the same technical features even in different embodiments. 
       FIG.  1    shows a vehicle  1  according to the invention in a first embodiment with a vehicle part  2 , which is designed/configured in particular as a vehicle door in the form of a sliding door. Thereby, the vehicle  1  further comprises an actuating device  10  for triggering a function of the vehicle  1 . The actuating device  10  can thereby—as shown by way of example—be arranged on a B-pillar  2 . 1  and/or on a vehicle part  2 , in particular in the form of a door or sliding door, of the vehicle  1 . The function may, for example, be an automatic opening and/or closing of the sliding door. In this case, the function is performed in particular as a function of an actuation action  200  of a user. For example, an actuation action  200  in the form of a gesture along an opening direction of the vehicle part  2  can initiate the opening of the vehicle part  2  or an actuation action  200  in the form of a gesture in the opposite direction to the opening direction can initiate the closing of the vehicle part  2 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  2   , the actuating device  10  has a planar cover element  11  of the vehicle part  2 . The planar configuration of the cover element  11  may extend, for example, along a portion of the body of the vehicle  1  or behind a glass pane of the vehicle part  2 . The cover element  11  comprises a cover outer side  11 . 2  and a cover inner side  11 . 1 . The cover outer side  11 . 2  preferably forms a surface of the vehicle part  2  visible from outside the vehicle  1  and/or a part of a body surface  1 . 1 . For example, the cover element  11  may be part of a cover in the region of a B-pillar  2 . 1  of the vehicle  1 . An electronics unit  12  is arranged, in particular directly, on the cover element  11  and has an electronics outer side  12 . 2  and an electronics inner side  12 . 1 . The electronics outer side  12 . 2  is oriented towards the cover inner side  11 . 1  of the cover element  11 . The cover inner side  11 . 1  is opposite the cover outer side  11 . 2 . In particular, the cover inner side  11 . 1  is oriented towards a vehicle inner side of the vehicle  1  and/or a cover inner side  11 . 1  of the vehicle part  2 . However, it is also conceivable that the cover element  11  is part of a cover inner side  11 . 1  of the vehicle  1 . In this case, the electronics inner side  12 . 1  can be oriented towards an outer side of the vehicle  1 , for example. 
     Furthermore, the electronics unit  12  has a sensor unit  20  for detecting the actuation action  200  of the user. The sensor unit  20  is preferably arranged on the electronics outer side  12 . 2  of the electronics unit  12 , in particular so that only the cover element  11  is located between the sensor unit  20  and the cover outer side  11 . 2 . Due to the arrangement of the electronics unit  12  on the cover inner side  11 . 1  of the cover element  11 , the electronics outer side  12 . 2  is protected by the cover element  11 . To protect the electronics inner side  12 . 1 , the actuating device  10  further comprises a first sleeve section  31  which is directly or indirectly attached to the fairing element  11 , so that the fairing element  11  and the first sleeve section  31  form a closed sleeve  30 . Possible embodiments of the sleeve  30  are shown by way of example in  FIGS.  3  and  4   . 
       FIG.  3    shows a sleeve  30  in which the first sleeve section  31  is formed by a casting compound  31 . 1 . A circuit board  13  of the electronics unit  12  is also enclosed in a frame  14 , by means of which the electronics unit  12  can be handled more easily during assembly and/or can be materially-bonded to the cover element  11 . The casting compound  31 . 1  is thereby form-fittingly to the cover element  11  and preferably completely covers the electronics inner side  12 . 1 . Furthermore, in particular also the electronics outer side  12 . 2  is at least partially or completely covered with the casting compound  31 . 1 , so that at least the sensor unit  20  is covered by the casting compound  31 . 1 . Preferably, the sensor unit  20 , the electronics unit  12  and/or the sleeve  30  is formed at least partially symmetrically with respect to an intermediate level  10 . 1 , whereby the actuating device  10  can be optionally mounted on two opposite vehicle sides. 
     Furthermore, the electronics unit  12  has an information unit  40  by means of which the detection of the actuation action  200  can be confirmed to the user on the outer side of the cover  11 . 2  and/or a start of the actuation action  200  can be signaled. The information unit  40  comprises a plurality of light emitters  42  for emitting a visual signal to the user. The light emitters  42  may in particular be illuminants in the form of LEDs. The light emitters  42  are arranged in a row with respect to each other and separated by separation section  43 . By arranging the light emitters  42  in a row, for example, a direction of the actuation action  200  detected by the sensor unit  20  can be indicated to a user by activating the light emitters  42  along the row one after the other. The separation section  43  may be formed by an intermediate element  43 . 1  arranged between the cover element  11  and the electronics unit  12 . In particular, the separation section  43  are opaque and/or opaque, so that light emitted by the light emitters  42  can be guided separately to the cover outer side  11 . 2  for each light emitter  42 . Preferably, the intermediate element  43 . 1  may further be elastic and biased against the circuit board  13  of the electronics unit  12 . As a result, each of the light emitters  42  can be encapsulated, in particular circumferentially, so that when the electronics unit  12  is poured with the casting compound  31 . 1 , the light emitters  42  remain free of casting compound  31 . 1 . Furthermore, the cover element  11  comprises a light-transmitting window area  41  through which an optical signal of the information unit  40  can be transmitted to the user. For example, the window area  41  may comprise a transparent window material  41 . 1 , in particular a transparent plastic. The transparent window material  41 . 1  may be injection-molded onto an opaque and/or opaque base material of the cover element  11 , for example, as a plastic injection-molded component, during a production of the cover element  11 . 
     Additionally or alternatively, the light emitters  42  can also be parts of a display or the like. Furthermore, it is additionally or alternatively conceivable that an acoustic indication or an indication in the form of radio signals can be output to the user by the information unit  40 . It is further conceivable that the separation section  43  are formed by the cover element  11 . As shown in  FIG.  4   , the separation section  43  can be formed integrally with the cover element  11 . In this case, the separation section  43  preferably extend in a rib-like manner to the circuit board  13 . 
       FIG.  4    further shows a sleeve  30 , in which the first sleeve section  31  is formed by a, in particular rigid, lid element  31 . 2 . The lid element  31 . 2  can, for example, comprise a hard plastic and be placed on the cover element  11  with the electronics unit  12  during assembly of the actuating device  10 . In this case, a seal between the lid element  31 . 2  and the cover element  11  can advantageously be implemented by a sealing means/element  33 , in particular running around the lid element  31 . 2 . The sealing means/element  33  may, for example, comprise a silicone. Furthermore, the sealing means/element  33  can at the same time form a materially-bonded fastening of the lid element  31 . 2  to the cover element  11 . 
       FIG.  5    shows a further exploded view of the actuating device  10 , in which the cover element  11  has an electronics receptacle  15  for a form-fitting reception of the electronics unit  12 , in particular with the frame  14 . Furthermore, an connection  35  can be provided, by means of which the electronics unit  12  can be connected or is connected to a vehicle electronics system and/or vehicle power supply. For this purpose, the connection  35  may protrude from the sleeve  30 . In particular, the connection  35  may be casted with the sealing means/element  33  and/or the casting compound  31 . 1 . 
       FIG.  6    shows a method  100  for manufacturing the actuating device  10  in schematic representation of the method steps/stages. In this case, providing  101  of the cover element  11  and provision  102  of the electronics unit  12  are provided. When providing  101  the cover element  11 , the cover element  11  can, for example, be manufactured in a plastic injection molding process and/or taken from a store. When providing  101  the electronics unit  12 , the sensor unit  20  and/or further electrical components can be arranged on the circuit board  13  of the electronics unit  12 , in particular by a printing and/or etching process. Subsequently, the electronics unit  12  is arranged  103  on the cover element  11  so that the electronics outer side  12 . 2  of the electronics unit  12  is oriented towards the cover inner side  11 . 1  of the cover element  11 . In particular, the electronics unit  12  can thereby be form-fittingly and/or force-fittingly fastened in a frame  14 , with which the electronics unit  12  is arranged on the cover element  11 , in particular on the electronics receptacle  15 . Furthermore, the method  100  comprises fastening  104  the first sleeve section  31  to the cover element  11  so that the cover element  11  and the first sleeve section  31  form the closed sleeve  30 . For example, the electronics unit  12  may be thereby encapsulated with the cover element  11  when the first sleeve section  31  is formed by the casting compound  31 . 1  as shown in  FIG.  3   . Additionally or alternatively, the sealing means/element  33  can be applied when fastening  104  the first sleeve section  31 , as shown in  FIG.  4   . 
       FIGS.  7  and  8    show an electronics unit  12  for the actuating device  10  in a possible embodiment. In this case, a circuit board  13  of the electronics unit  12  is arranged in a frame  14 , by means of which fastening to a cover element  11  can be simplified. For this purpose, the frame  14  has latching elements  14 . 1  into which the circuit board  13  can be clipped. Furthermore, the frame  14  preferably has one or more receiving means/element  14 . 2  for a casting nozzle for casting compound  31 . 1 , whereby the casting compound  31 . 1  can be advantageously distributed from an electronics inner side  12 . 1  over an electronics outer side  12 . 2 .  FIG.  7    shows the electronics unit  12  from the inner side of the electronics  12 . 1  and  FIG.  8    shows the electronics unit  12  from the outer side of the electronics  12 . 2  opposite the inner side of the electronics  12 . 1 . On the electronics outer side  12 . 2 , sensor elements  21  of a sensor unit  20  are arranged in a regular pattern in a matrix-like manner on the circuit board  13 . Each of the sensor elements  21  forms a capacitive surface. The sensor unit  20  is thus in particular a capacitive sensor, whereby a contactless actuation action  200  can be detected by the sensor unit  20 . Furthermore, due to the matrix-like arrangement of the sensor elements  21 , a direction of the actuation action  200  can be identified. For example, when a user brushes past a cover outer side  11 . 2  of the cover element  11 , an electric field in the sensor elements  21  changes sequentially depending on the direction of the actuation action  200 . Based on the sequence of detection by the sensor elements  21 , the direction of the actuation action  200  can be inferred. For this purpose, the electronics unit  12  preferably has a control unit  25  for evaluating sensor signals from the sensor unit  20 . Furthermore, an information unit  40  may be controllable by the control unit  25  in order to indicate to the user, for example, the detection of the actuation action  200  and/or the direction of the actuation action  200 . In each case corresponding to the sensor elements  21 , shielding elements  21 . 1  for shielding the sensor elements  21  are arranged in a matrix-like manner on the electronics inner side  12 . 1 . In particular, an opposite shielding element  21 . 1  is associated with each of the sensor elements  21 . 
       FIGS.  9  and  10    show an electronics unit  12  for the actuating device  10  in a further possible embodiment. Here, the electronics unit  12  corresponds essentially to the electronics unit  12  of the embodiment example of  FIGS.  7  and  8   , but the sensor elements  21  of the sensor unit  20  are designed/configured and arranged in a strip-like manner. While in the case of a matrix-like arrangement it may also be possible to detect several directions of an actuation action  200 , the direction of the actuation action  200  can be detected along a straight line in the case of the strip-like sensor elements  21 . However, the strip-like arrangement of the sensor elements  21  results in a larger capacitive field for the same installation space in each case, which can reduce false detection. On an electronics inner side  12 . 1 , shielding elements  21 . 1  are arranged in a strip-like manner corresponding to the strip-like design/configuration of the sensor elements  21 . 
     In addition to the sensor unit  20 , the electronics unit  12  preferably comprises a touch sensor  22 , an identification means/device  23  and/or a proximity sensor  24 , as shown in  FIGS.  11  to  13   . The identification means/device  23  may in particular comprise a radio element  23 . 1 , in particular in the form of an electric coil, which may be printed as a circumferential conductor track on the circuit board  13 . The identification means/device  23  may enable contactless data exchange with an ID transponder of the user. Thus, the identification means/device  23  may preferably comprise an NFC interface, a BLE interface and/or a UWB interface. This enables identification and/or authentication of the user, in particular by vehicle electronics with which the identification means/device  23  can be brought into data communication connection. Depending on the identification of the user by the identification means/device  23 , automatic locking and/or unlocking of the vehicle  1  may be provided. The touch sensor  22  may comprise, for example, an LDC sensor by means of which a deformation due to a touch or pressure on the cover element  11  can be detected. Depending on the actuation of the touch sensor  22 , a further function of the vehicle  1 , such as an automatic opening movement and/or an automatic closing movement of the vehicle part  2  or an emergency stop can be triggered when moving the vehicle part  2 . By means of the in particular additional proximity sensor  24 , it may be possible, for example, to send an alarm signal to further electronic components as a function of a detection of the approach of the user. Preferably, the touch sensor  22 , the identification means/device  23  and/or the proximity sensor  24  are arranged in different conductor layers  13 . 1 ,  13 . 2  on the circuit board  13 . Thereby, for example according to  FIG.  11   , the sensor unit  20  and the identification means/device  23  can be arranged together on a first conductor layer  13 . 1 . The touch sensor  22  and the proximity sensor  24  can furthermore each be arranged on a second conductor layer  13 . 2  of the circuit board  13 . By means of a multilayer design/configuration of the circuit board  13 , a compact design/configuration can be achieved, by means of which the circuit board  13  can be arranged advantageously in a small installation space on the cover element  11 . By means of the touch sensor  22 , the identification means/device  23  and/or the proximity sensor  24 , the actuating device  10  can thus provide a convenient operating option for the user with a high degree of automation. 
     The foregoing explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively in the context of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments may be freely combined with one another, provided that this is technically expedient, without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS 
     
         
           1  Vehicle 
           1 . 1  Body surface 
           2  Vehicle part 
           2 . 1  B-pillar 
           3  Opening element/means 
           10  Actuating device 
           10 . 1  Intermediate level 
           11  Cover element 
           11 . 1  Cover inner side 
           11 . 2  Cover outer side 
           12  Electronics unit 
           12 . 1  Electronics inner side 
           12 . 2  Electronics outer side 
           13  Circuit board 
           13 . 1  First conductor layer 
           13 . 2  Second conductor layer 
           14  Frame 
           14 . 1  Latching element 
           14 . 2  Receiving means/element 
           15  Electronics receptacle 
           20  Sensor unit 
           21  Sensor element 
           21 . 1  Shielding element 
           22  Touch sensor 
           23  Identification means/device 
           23 . 1  Radio element 
           24  Proximity sensor 
           25  Control unit 
           30  Sleeve 
           31  First sleeve section 
           31 . 1  Casting compound 
           31 . 2  Lid element 
           33  Sealing means/element 
           35  Connection 
           40  Information unit 
           41  Window area 
           41 . 1  Window material 
           42  Light emitter 
           43  Separation section 
           43 . 1  Intermediate element 
           100  Method 
           101  Provide 
           103  Arrange 
           104  Fastening 
           200  Actuation action