Patent Publication Number: US-2010118165-A1

Title: Video signal processing apparatus

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a video signal processing apparatus, for example, suitably used to operate a camera while changing the order in which video signals are outputted. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     A video switcher has been known as an apparatus that relays live video images being captured by a camera and produces content based on the video images captured by the camera. More specifically, a video switcher is an apparatus that receives video signals from a plurality of channels, selects any of the video signals and outputs the selected video signal to a projector or any other destination to which video images are outputted, and exerts wiping and other effects on a video image when the video image is switched to another. 
     Using a video switcher also readily allows a video image outputted as a current on-air video image (PGM output video image) to be switched to a video image that will be outputted as the next on-air video image (NEXT output video image, which is also referred to as a preview output video image). 
     The video switcher can also display the PGM output video image and the NEXT output video image, before they are switched, in a multi-view display format on a screen of a display device or any other suitable component that is the destination to which the video images are outputted so that a user can check both the images simultaneously. In the multi-view display format, a screen is divided into a plurality of areas and video images produced from different video signals are displayed in the respective areas. The display format allows the user to look at a PGM output video image being outputted as an on-air video image and align or otherwise adjust a NEXT output video image that is next put on the air. 
     When a plurality of cameras are used to capture the live video images described above, a camera controller that controls the operation of each of the plurality of cameras is often used as well as a video switcher. A camera controller is an apparatus that remotely performs, for example, iris, focus, and zoom control in each of the cameras connected to the camera controller via cables or any other suitable component. 
     JP-A-10-150585 discloses a technology in which a camera control unit and a video switcher are used to control the operation of a video camcorder and perform video image processing at the same time. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     To operate cameras through a camera controller, video images captured by the cameras under control need to be displayed on a display device. It is also necessary to quickly select any of the cameras under control at a necessary timing. To this end, separate video switchers and remote controllers for camera operations have been concurrently used, and each device typically requires a dedicated operator. Further, since the interface terminal of each of the video switchers needs to be connected to that of the corresponding camera controller, related setting operations are time consuming. 
     In recent years, a video switcher capable of controlling cameras through a single operation panel has been provided. However, when a plurality of functions are assigned to each of a large number of buttons arranged on the operation panel, it is not easy for the user to find which function is assigned to which button, and it is hence difficult for the user to carry out an intended operation in a prompt manner. Further, since a video switcher having a large number of operation buttons has a width of at least several tens of centimeters, the user finds an operation of the video switcher with one hand inconvenient. 
     Moreover, a video switcher of related art performs the camera control function and the video switcher function separately. Therefore, for example, to switch from the camera control function to the video switcher function, the user needs to terminate the camera control function before performing the video switcher function. As described above, simply integrating a video switcher with a remote controller for camera operations causes wiring to be complicated and typically requires elaborate setting, imposing inconvenience on the user. 
     Thus, it is desirable to readily switch the function between the camera controller function and the video switcher function. 
     A video signal processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention includes an input section to which a video signal outputted from a camera the operation of which is controllable or a video signal outputted from an apparatus the operation of which is not controllable, and a first operation section to which a video switcher function is assigned, the video switcher function setting the order in which the video signals are put on the air. 
     The video signal processing apparatus further includes a second operation section to which a camera controller function is assigned, the camera controller function controlling the operation of the camera, and a function mode switching section choosing a first function mode to which the video switcher function is assigned or a second function mode to which the camera controller function is assigned. 
     The video signal processing apparatus further includes a third operation section performing a predetermined process on any of the video signals in the first function mode, whereas controlling the operation of the camera in the second function mode. 
     The video signal processing apparatus further includes an output section outputting any of the video signals to a display device displaying an image or outputting a control signal controlling the operation of the camera to the camera. 
     The configuration described above allows the video switcher function and the camera controller function to be arbitrarily switched and performed. 
     According to the embodiment of the invention described above, since the video switcher function and the camera controller function can be arbitrarily switched and performed, the operability of the apparatus operated by the user is advantageously improved. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a system in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a descriptive diagram showing an exemplary configuration of an operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view showing an exemplary external configuration of a joy stick in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a block diagram showing an exemplary internal configuration of a video signal processing apparatus in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a state transition diagram showing exemplary function mode switching in the video signal processing apparatus in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a descriptive diagram showing an example of how a switched function mode is displayed in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a plan view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 9  is a front view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 10  is a rear view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 11  is a right side view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 12  is a left side view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention; and 
         FIG. 13  is a bottom view of the operation input unit in an embodiment of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The best mode for carrying out the invention (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description will be made in the following order. 
     1. Embodiment (an exemplary configuration of a signal processing apparatus with cameral controller and video switcher functions) 
     2. Variations 
     1. Embodiment 
     [Exemplary System Configuration] 
       FIG. 1  shows an exemplary configuration of a system according to the present embodiment. The system shown in  FIG. 1  includes a video signal processing apparatus  100  having a video switcher function and a camera control function. The video signal processing apparatus  100  is formed of a main unit  110  and an operation input unit  120 . While the main unit  110  and the operation input unit  120  are separate units in the present embodiment, they may be integrated with each other. 
     The video signal processing apparatus  100  is a portable apparatus and used to, for example, relay events that take place in a large lecture hall, a large conference room, a live concert hall, and any other similar place and produce video content that introduces how the events have proceeded. 
     The main unit  110  shown in  FIG. 1  is connected to four cameras C 1  to C 4  and a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a PC) P 1  as sources from which video images are inputted. 
     The cameras C 1  to C 4  are connected to SDI (Serial Digital Interface) input terminals (not shown) or any other suitable terminals of the main unit  110 , and video images captured by the cameras C 1  to C 4  are inputted to the main unit  110  via the respective input terminals. The image capturing operation in the cameras C 1  to C 4  is synchronized with a sync signal supplied from the main unit  110 . 
     Each of the cameras C 1  to C 3  is provided with a serial interface based on the VISCA® protocol or any other suitable protocol and connected to the main unit  110  via a serial cable (not shown) for transferring a control signal. That is, the main unit  110  can control the cameras C 1  to C 3  by supplying control signals (camera control commands) thereto. An ACK message or any other similar response from each of the cameras C 1  to C 3  is also sent over the corresponding serial cable to the main unit  110 . 
     The camera C 4  is connected to the main unit  110  via a DVI (Digital Visual Interface) cable or any other suitable cable, and video images captured by the camera C 4  are transferred to the main unit  110  through a DVI input terminal (not shown). The camera C 4 , which does not have any terminal to which a control signal from the main unit  110  is inputted, is not controllable by the main unit  110 . 
     The PC P 1  is connected to another DVI input terminal, an RGB input terminal, or any other suitable terminal (not shown) of the main unit  110  and inputs still images, motion images, or any other images stored in an HDD (Hard Disk Drive, not shown) or any other storage to the main unit  110 . 
     The main unit  110 , which has the video switcher function and the camera control function as described above, switches the output video image between a PGM output video image and a NEXT output video image in the video switcher function mode in which the video switcher function is assigned to the main unit  110 , whereas the main unit  110  controls the cameras under control in the camera controller mode in which the camera controller function is assigned to the main unit  110 . The configuration of the main unit  110  will be described later in detail. 
     The main unit  110  is connected to a destination to which video images are outputted from the main unit  110 , for example, a display device  300  formed of an FPD (Flat Panel Display) or any other suitable component, a projector  400 , and a recording device  500  formed of an HDD or any other suitable component. In the example shown in  FIG. 1 , the projector  400  is connected to a PGM output terminal  2   p - 1  of the main unit  110 , and PGM output video images are outputted to the projector  400 . The display device  300  is connected to an AUX output terminal  2   a  of the main unit  110 , and video images arranged in the multi-view display format (hereinafter referred to as multi-view video images) or other images are outputted to the display device  300 . The recording device  500  is connected to a PGM output terminal  2   p - 2  of the main unit  110 , and records a video signal outputted from the main unit  110  as recorded video images. 
     The operation input unit  120  connected to the main unit  110  transmits an operation signal according to an operation performed by a user to a control section, which will be described later, in the main unit  110 . For example, instructions to switch video images outputted from the main unit  110  are issued from the operation input unit  120 . 
     An exemplary configuration of the operation input unit  120  will be described with reference to  FIG. 2 . The operation input unit  120  shown in  FIG. 2  includes an operation button section  210  formed of a variety of buttons, a dial section  220  formed of four dials, and a display section  230 . 
     The operation button section  210  includes a first camera mode switching button  211   c  and a switcher mode switching button  211   s  as function selectors, AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212 , PGM selection buttons  213   p,  and NEXT selection buttons  213   n.    
     The first camera mode switching button  211   c  switches the mode setting in the main unit  110  from the video switcher function mode to the camera controller mode. The switcher mode switching button  211   s  switches the mode setting from the camera controller mode to the video switcher function mode. The actual mode switching operation is carried out under the control of the control section  60 , which will be described later, when either of the switching buttons is pressed. 
     In the present embodiment, a second camera mode switching button  214   c  is disposed to the lower left of a joy stick  240 . The first and second camera mode switching buttons  211   c  and  214   c  function identically. The first camera mode switching button  211   c,  the second camera mode switching button  214   c,  and the switcher mode switching button  211   s  are hereinafter also collectively referred to as “switching buttons”. 
     A lamp (an LED, for example) built in each of the switching buttons shows which function mode is enabled. The user can therefore immediately know that the current function mode is the video switcher function mode or the camera controller mode. When the video switcher function mode is chosen, the joy stick  240  is used to position a slave image relative to a master image in a PinP (Picture in Picture). On the other hand, when the camera controller mode is chosen, the joy stick  240  is used to control a selected one of the cameras (perform pan/tilt/zoom control). In this case, the joy stick  240  outputs a first operation signal that instructs the camera to control pan or tilt thereof in accordance with the amount of displacement of the joy stick  240 . 
     The first camera mode switching button  211   c  is disposed on the left side of an operation panel  130 , and the second camera mode switching button  214   c  is disposed on the right side. In this arrangement, the user can switch to the camera controller mode with either of the right and left hands in the shortest distance. Further, each of the first and second camera mode switching buttons  211   c  and  214   c  is disposed in a position close to the center position of the corresponding one of both hands of the user who operates the operation panel  130 . Since the user can thus operate the operation panel  130  with both hands, the operability is advantageously improved. 
     Now, consider a case where the function of the joy stick  240  is assigned to camera pan/tilt/zoom drive operations in the camera controller mode. It is expected in this case that the user presses the second camera mode switching button  214   c  while holding the joy stick  240 . To this end, the second camera mode switching button  214   c  is disposed in an area spaced apart from the center of the shaft of the joy stick  240  by at least 30 mm but within 100 mm from the center. When the second camera mode switching button  214   c  is thus disposed, the operability of the apparatus operated by the user is improved. The reason why the second camera mode switching button  214   c  is positioned in the area described above relative to the joy stick  240  is that the second camera mode switching button  214   c  positioned too close to the joy stick  240  may cause an operating error. 
     The AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212  function as AUX output selection buttons in the video switcher function mode, whereas functioning as camera selection buttons in the camera controller mode. Logical numbers 1 to 12 are assigned to the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212 . The buttons labeled with 1 to 12 are enabled when the video switcher function mode is chosen, whereas only the buttons labeled with 1 to 7 are enabled when the camera controller mode is chosen. When the video switcher function mode is chosen, the video signal corresponding to the number assigned to the pressed AUX output selection/camera selection button  212  is outputted through the AUX output terminal. On the other hand, when the camera controller function mode is chosen, the video signal inputted from the camera corresponding to the number assigned to the pressed AUX output selection/camera selection button  212  is outputted through the AUX output terminal  2   a.  It is however possible to set whether or not the AUX output operation is automatically carried out after the camera controller function mode is chosen. The setting operation is carried out in advance by a user&#39;s input to a menu mechanism (not shown). 
     When the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212  function as the AUX output selection buttons, and any of the selection buttons is pressed, a video signal inputted through the input port related in advance to the logical number assigned to the pressed button is outputted to the AUX output terminal  2   a.  In the example shown in  FIG. 1 , since the display device  300  is connected to the AUX output terminal  2   a,  video images inputted through the input port related to the logical number described above are displayed on the screen of the display device  300 . 
     When the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212  function as the camera selection buttons, video images inputted from the camera under control that is related in advance to the logical number selected by a button pressing operation are outputted through the AUX output terminal  2   a.  The video images captured by the selected camera under control and outputted through the AUX output terminal  2   a  are displayed on the screen of the display device  300 . The AUX output terminal  2   a  outputs the video signal to the display device  300  after the video signal undergoes predetermined processing determined by a first operation section  141  and a third operation section  143 , which will be described later. The selected one of the cameras C 1  to C 3  under control can be operated, for example, by using the joy stick  240 . 
     The PGM selection buttons  213   p  determine which one of the video signals inputted from the cameras C 1  to C 4 , the PC P 1 , and any other apparatus connected to the main unit  110  is selected as the PGM output. The NEXT selection buttons  213   n  determine which one of the video signals inputted to the main unit  110  is selected as the NEXT output. 
     The same logical numbers 1 to 12 as those assigned to the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212  are also assigned to the PGM selection buttons  213   p  and the NEXT selection buttons  213   n.  For example, when any of the PGM selection buttons  213   p  is pressed, the video signal inputted through the input port related in advance to the logical number selected by the button pressing operation is selected as the PGM output. The PGM selection buttons  213   p  and the NEXT selection buttons  213   n  are designed to function as a video switcher irrespective of whether the video switcher function mode or the camera controller mode is chosen. The video switcher function, which sets the order in which a plurality of video signals are put on the air, is thus assigned to the first operation section  141 . In the present example, the first operation section  141  includes the PGM selection buttons  213   p,  which are used to select a first video signal output to be put on the air from a plurality of inputted video signals, and the NEXT selection buttons  213   n,  which are used to select a second video signal output to be put on the air after the first video signal. A second operation section  142  to which the camera controller function for controlling the operation of the selected camera is assigned is used, for example, to display a camera menu for operating the camera and make an initial setting of the camera. 
     The logical numbers are also related to the positions where video images are displayed on the multi-view display screen. The relating operation allows the logical numbers 1 to 12 assigned to the PGM selection buttons  213   p  or the NEXT selection buttons  213   n,  the camera numbers, and the display positions on the multi-view display screen to be related to each other in a one-to-one relationship. The relating operation is carried out in advance by the user. 
     The dial section  220  is formed of four dials, a dial  220 - 1  to a dial  220 - 4 . When the camera controller mode is chosen, the dial  220 - 1  functions as a dial for adjusting the focus of any of the cameras under control. The dial  220 - 2  functions as a dial for adjusting the brightness. The dial  220 - 3  functions as a dial for adjusting the zoom. The dial  220 - 4  functions as a dial for adjusting the pan and tilt. 
     When the video switcher function mode is chosen, the dials  220 - 1  to  220 - 4  function as dials for adjusting the functions assigned to functions F 1  to F 4 . The operation input unit  120  further includes the third operation section  143  that performs predetermined processing on a video signal when the video switcher function mode is chosen, whereas controlling the operation of any of the cameras C 1  to C 3  when the camera controller function mode is chosen. The third operation section includes a plurality of operation buttons labeled with respective numbers. The third operation section  143  includes the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212 , the dial section  220 , and the joy stick  240 . The first to third operation sections  141  to  143  and a plurality of switching buttons are thus disposed on the operation panel  130 . 
     The display section  230  is formed of a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display) or any other suitable component and displays the setting of an effect exerted on a video image when the video image is switched to another, a setting menu used to set the cameras under control, and other items. 
     The joy stick  240  is formed of a lever  241  supported pivotally in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions and a knob  242  provided on the upper end of the lever  241  (See  FIG. 3 , which will be described later). When the camera controller mode is chosen, the amounts of pan, tilt, and zoom control of any of the connected cameras can be specified by inclining the lever  241  or rotating the knob  242 . When the video switcher function mode is chosen, the on-screen position of a PinP inserted in a PGM output video image can be determined by inclining the lever  241 . 
     The transition lever  250  is an operation member shiftable in the up/down direction, and continuously changes a video image to another in accordance with the amount of shift in the up/down direction. The transition lever  250  is also designed to operate in the same manner (operate as a video switcher) irrespective of whether the video switcher function mode or the camera controller mode is chosen. 
     As described above, operating a relevant one of the switching buttons disposed on the operation panel  130  allows the function mode to be switched appropriately. In the present embodiment, the transition lever  250 , an input cross point section  20  to which video signals are inputted, and an output cross point section  40  from which a video signal is outputted are designed to be always operable. Video switching is therefore possible even when any camera control is being performed. On the other hand, the transition lever  250 , the first camera mode switching button  211   c,  and the switcher mode switching button  211   s  only perform the respective dedicated functions assigned thereto. Therefore, even when the video signal processing apparatus  100  is operated in the camera controller mode, the main video image can be switched to another. 
     The third operation section  143  performs a certain function in the camera controller mode and another function in the video switcher function mode. For example, a plurality of functions according to function modes to be selected are assigned to each of the AUX output selection/camera selection buttons  212  and the joy stick  240 . As a result, the number of switches, buttons, and other components can be reduced and hence the area of the operation panel  130  can be reduced, but the user can still switch a video image to another while performing any camera control. Further, the production cost of the video signal processing apparatus  100  and the operation input unit  120  can be lowered. 
     When the first camera mode switching button  211   c  is pressed, the video output is also switched in response thereto. In this process, when a camera on which the user wants to perform camera control is specified, a video signal inputted from the camera that has been related in advance is outputted through the AUX output. Further, the menu displayed on the display section  230  can be used to enable or disable the action of switching the video output in response to the operation of the first camera mode switching button  211   c.    
     In the video signal processing apparatus  100  of the present example, the camera numbers (camera IDs) and the input source numbers (terminals) are related to each other in advance. When an input source number to which video images captured by the camera that the user wants to control are inputted is selected on the apparatus side, the video signal produced by the camera that the user wants to control can be outputted through the AUX output. Therefore, when a camera that the user wants to control is selected, the video signal outputted from the camera can be displayed on the display device  300 . For example, when the user wants to “operate the camera C 3 ” and presses the “third” AUX output selection/camera selection button  212  corresponding to the camera C 3 , video images outputted from the camera C 3  are displayed on the display device  300 . This enhances the convenience to the user because pressing an AUX output selection/camera selection button  212  readily provides the corresponding video output. 
     As described above, the operation input unit  120  allows the user to control both the video switcher function and the camera control function by pressing a relevant one of the operation buttons disposed on the single operation panel  130 . Further, the joy stick  240 , which has been used in a video switcher of related art to position a PinP (Picture in Picture), is also used to perform camera control (pan/tilt/zoom). Moreover, the video signal processing apparatus  100  allows the user to operate a single camera arbitrarily selected from a plurality of controllable cameras equipped with a PTZ (pan/tilt/zoom) function. Any operation of the cameras that have not been selected is disabled so that no camera control is performed. In this case, no camera control command can be transmitted to the cameras that have not been selected, or the cameras that have not been selected are not allowed to receive a camera control command. It is however noted that only the operations using the video signal processing apparatus  100  are disabled, but a remote controller or any other suitable device (not shown) can be used to operate any of the cameras that have not been selected. 
     When the first camera mode switching button  211   c  is pressed, the mode of the apparatus transitions to the camera controller mode. When the user presses a key, a control command corresponding to the pressed key is issued to the selected one of the cameras C 1  to C 3 . Specifically, the control command is transmitted to the selected one of the cameras C 1  to C 3  via RS-232C or RS-422, and the camera receives the control command. Further, incorporating a network terminal or any other suitable component in the video signal processing apparatus  100  allows the user to operate any of the cameras C 1  to C 3  by using a communication protocol different from the communication protocol used to transmit the control command described above. 
     When the video switcher function and the camera control function are integrated in related art, function switching is also used to reduce the number of buttons as much as possible. In contrast, part of the video switcher function is assigned to buttons operable irrespective of which function mode is chosen. In this way, the user can switch a video image to another while performing camera control, although the number of operation buttons on the operation panel  130  is increased. For example, the PGM selection buttons  213   p  and the NEXT selection buttons  213   n  perform only the video switcher function also in the camera controller mode. The user can therefore operate any of the cameras C 1  to C 3  and perform video switching at the same time. The user can therefore switch a video output to another while operating any of the cameras. 
     The joy stick  240  is more frequently used to control pan/tilt/zoom in the camera control function than used to position a PinP. To this end, only the second camera mode switching button  214   c  may be disposed in the vicinity of the joy stick  240  so that the mode of the apparatus can be readily switched to the camera controller mode. 
     An exemplary external configuration of the joy stick  240  will be described with reference to  FIG. 3 . 
     First, assume an xy plane parallel to the operation panel  130 . The joy stick  240  includes the lever  241 , which issues an instruction, for example, for movement in an arbitrary direction when the lever  241  is inclined to the xy plane by a predetermined angle, and the knob  242 , which performs zoom or other control in any of the cameras C 1  to C 3  when the knob  242  is rotated. The joy stick  240  further includes a fulcrum  243  that connects the lever  241  to the operation panel  130  and works as a fulcrum for the lever  241 . The knob  242  issues a control signal according to the angle of rotation, and the control section  60  reads the control signal and performs zoom control in the selected camera. The relationship between the rotating direction and the zooming direction can be set by a user&#39;s operation of the setting menu (not shown) in advance. 
     The knob  242  is rotatable around the center of the lever  241  in the y direction within a range from +30 degrees to −30 degrees, and the angle of rotation of the knob  242  is related to the zoom function, which is one of the camera control functions. For example, when the knob  242  is rotated clockwise, the zoom factor of the selected camera is changed toward the telescopic side, whereas when the knob  242  is rotated counterclockwise, the zoom factor of the selected camera is changed toward the wide-angle side. The relationship between the direction in which the knob  242  is rotated and the zooming direction described above may be reversed. The user can arbitrarily set the relationship. 
     The direction in which the lever  241  is inclined is defined as follows: The x direction is assigned to the pan direction, and the y direction is assigned to the tilt direction. The pan and tilt directions are also defined arbitrarily in accordance with user&#39;s preference, as in the zooming direction. 
     An exemplary internal configuration of the main unit  110  will be described with reference to  FIG. 4 . In  FIG. 4 , the portions corresponding to those in  FIGS. 1 and 2  have the same reference characters. The main unit  110  includes an SDI interface (hereinafter referred to as an I/F)  10 - 1  to an SDI I/F  10 - 4  and an optional card I/F  15  as input sections. The SDI I/F  10 - 1  to SDI I/F  10 - 4  include four respective SDI input terminals  1   s - 1  to  1   s - 4 , to each of which an HD-SDI or SD-SDI signal is inputted. According to the configuration shown in  FIG. 1 , the video signals outputted from the cameras C 1  to C 4  are inputted to the SDI I/F  10 - 1  to SDI I/F  10 - 4 . The video signals outputted from cameras the operation of each of which is controllable are inputted to the SDI input terminals  1   s - 1  to  1   s - 3 . The video signal outputted from an apparatus the operation of which is not controllable is inputted to the SDI input terminal  1   s - 4 . 
     Each of the SDI I/F  10 - 1  to SDI I/F  10 - 4  includes an equalizer (EQ)  11 , a serial/parallel converter (S/P)  12 , a frame synchronizer (FS)  13 , and an amplifier (AMP)  14 . 
     The equalizer  11  shapes the waveform of an inputted HD/SD-SDI signal and supplies the signal having undergone the waveform shaping to the serial/parallel converter  12 . The serial/parallel converter  12  converts the HD/SD-SDI serial signal supplied from the equalizer  11  into a parallel signal and outputs it to the frame synchronizer  13 . The frame synchronizer  13  supplies the inputted parallel video signal to the amplifier  14  in synchronization with a reference sync signal in the main unit  110 . The amplifier  14  amplifies the inputted video signal to an appropriate magnitude and supplies the amplified signal to the input cross point section  20  as an input selector. 
     The optional card I/F  15  is an I/F into which an optional card is inserted. An optional card is a card that is not assembled at the time of factory shipment but adds a function that is not implemented as a standard function. A variety of optional cards are available, such as a card with an analog video signal input terminal, a card with a DVI input terminal, and a card with an HD/SD-SDI input terminal. In the main unit  110  according to the present embodiment, any two of the cards described above at the maximum can be connected to the optional card I/F  15 . Therefore, a plurality of video signal terminals are present on the optional card I/F  15 .  FIG. 4  however collectively shows these terminals in the form of an input video terminal lo to simplify the description. 
     In the configuration shown in  FIG. 1 , the optional card I/F  15  receives a video signal from the PC P 1  connected to the terminal of an optional card inserted into the optional card I/F  15 . Processing operations according to the type of the assembled card are carried out in the optional card I/F  15 , which then outputs the processed video signal to the input cross point section  20 . The type of the inputted signal is not limited to those described above, but cards with other types of input terminals may be assembled. 
     The input cross point section  20  selects only the video signal selected by the user through an input video image selection operation performed on the operation input unit  120  among a plurality of video signals supplied through the SDI I/F  10 - 1  to SDI I/F  10 - 4  and the optional card I/F  15 , and outputs the selected video signal. For example, when the first PGM selection button  213   p  on the operation input unit  120  is pressed, the input cross point section  20  selects the video signal inputted through the input port related to the logical number 1 as the PGM output. That is, the input cross point section  20  relates the inputted video image to any of the NEXT output, the AUX output, the PinP output, the multi-view output, and any other suitable output and then outputs the video image. 
     When the video signal selected by the input cross point section  20  needs to be processed, for example, when an effect needs to be exerted on the selected video signal, the video signal is supplied to a switcher/effecter  30  as a screen producer. The switcher/effecter  30 , for example, selects an input video image and exerts an effect on a video signal. 
     The switcher/effecter  30  also produces a frame for displaying a PinP image and frames used in the multi-view display format. When frames used in the multi-view display format are produced, the frame for displaying a PGM output video image, the frame for displaying a NEXT output video image, and the frame for displaying a video image captured by the cameras under control are produced in such a way that the colors of the frames differ from one another. Processes performed in the switcher/effecter  30  are controlled based on a control signal produced in a control section  60 , which will be described later, based on an input video image selection operation performed on the operation input unit  120 . 
     The video signal processed in the switcher/effecter  30 , for example, the video signal on which an effect has been exerted, and selected as the PGM output is supplied to a parallel/serial converter  51   p  disposed downstream of the switcher/effecter  30 . The parallel/serial converter  51   p  converts the video signal into a serial video signal and outputs it to a buffer  52   p.  The video signal inputted to the buffer  52   p  is converted into a signal appropriate for an output operation and then outputted as the PGM output. 
     The video signal processed in the switcher/effecter  30 , for example, the video signal on which an effect has been exerted, is also supplied to the output cross point section  40  along with the frame information and other information produced in the switcher/effecter  30 . The output cross point section  40  also receives a video signal selected by the input cross point section  20  as a video signal on which no effect needs to be exerted. 
     The output cross point section  40  chooses either the AUX output terminal  2   a  or a DVI output terminal  2   d  as an output section to which the video signal supplied from the input cross point section  20  and the video signal supplied from the switcher/effecter  30  are outputted. Choosing either the AUX output terminal  2   a  or the DVI output terminal  2   d  as the output section is determined based on a control signal produced in the control section  60  based on an input video image selection operation performed on the operation input unit  120 . 
     The video signal selected by the output cross point section  40  as the video signal to be outputted to the AUX output terminal  2   a  is supplied to a parallel/serial converter  51   a  disposed downstream of the output cross point section  40  and converted into a serial video signal. The converted serial video signal is supplied to a buffer  52   a,  where the signal is converted into a signal appropriate for an output operation and then outputted to the AUX output terminal  2   a  as the AUX output. While the configuration in the present embodiment has only one AUX output terminal, a plurality of AUX output terminals may be provided. 
     The video signal selected as the video signal to be outputted to the DVI output terminal  2   d  is supplied to an I/P (Interlace/Progressive) conversion/resizing processor  51   d,  where the video signal is converted into an interlaced or progressive video signal and the screen size is changed as necessary. The video signal having undergone the adjustment operations described above is outputted to a buffer  52   d,  where the video signal is converted into a signal appropriate for an output operation and outputted to the DVI output terminal  2   d  as the DVI output. 
     The control section  60  is formed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and other components and produces control signals for controlling the portions in the apparatus and camera control commands for controlling the cameras under control based on a variety of types of information inputted through the operation input unit  120 . 
     The control section  60  includes a positional information producer  61 , a control signal producer  62 , and a serial I/F  63 . The control section  60  is connected to a memory  70  formed of an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) or any other suitable component. 
     The positional information producer  61  in the control section  60  receives information on the operation angle inputted from the joy stick  240  on the operation input unit  120  and information indicating on/off of each of the operation buttons that form the operation input unit  120 . The positional information producer  61  produces information indicating the position of any of the cameras under control, that is, information indicating the amounts of pan/tilt/zoom control, based on the information on the inputted operation angle of the joy stick  240 , and supplies the produced positional information to the control signal producer  62  disposed downstream of the positional information producer  61 . 
     The control signal producer  62  produces a camera control command based on the information on the operation angle inputted from the joy stick  240  on the operation input unit  120  and the information on tables recorded in the memory  70 . The control signal producer  62  also produces control signals for controlling the portions in the main unit  110  based on the operation button on/off information inputted through the operation button section  210  and the information contained the tables recorded in the memory  70 . 
     The control signal producer  62  refers to the tables described above to determine an object to be controlled, produces a control signal directed to the thus determined object to be controlled based on an operation inputted through the operation input unit  120 , and supplies the control signal to the object to be controlled. Specifically, the camera control command produced by the control signal producer  62  is transferred to the serial I/F  63  disposed downstream of the control signal producer  62  and converted into a serial signal by the serial I/F  63 . The camera control command converted into the serial signal is outputted to a control signal output terminal  2   c  via a serial driver  80  and transferred to any of the cameras under control via the control signal output terminal. That is, the second operation section  142  and the third operation section  143  are used to output a control signal for controlling the operation of any of the cameras C 1  to C 3  through the control signal output terminal  2   c  to the selected one of the cameras C 1  to C 3  when the camera controller function mode is chosen. 
     As described above, in the video signal processing apparatus  100 , the video switcher function and the camera control function are integrated, and the communication between the two functions is carried out in the video signal processing apparatus  100 . The two functions are not simply integrated, but selecting a camera to be controlled after the video switcher function mode or the camera controller mode is chosen causes output video images from the selected camera to be selected. 
     To perform camera control in a video switcher of related art, it is necessary to operate a switcher device to display the primary output or the standby output in an actual camera control operation. The video signal processing apparatus  100  of the present example, however, automatically outputs a video signal of interest through the AUX output terminal  2   a.  Therefore, the PGM output video image or the NEXT output video image is not affected. 
       FIG. 5  is an exemplary state transition diagram showing function mode switching in the main unit  110 . 
     In  FIG. 5 , the state in which the main unit  110  is operated in the video switcher function mode is called a first function mode  261 , and the state in which the main unit  110  is operated in the camera controller mode is called a second function mode  262 . When the current function mode is the video switcher function mode, and the first camera mode switching button  211   c  or the second camera mode switching button  214   c  is pressed, the first function mode  261  is switched to the second function mode  262 , and the current function mode is changed to the camera controller mode. On the other hand, when the current function mode is the camera controller mode, and the switcher mode switching button  211   s  is pressed, the second function mode  262  is switched to the first function mode  261 , and the current function mode is changed to the video switcher function mode. As described above, pressing a switching button triggers the switching between the first function mode  261  and the second function mode  262 . 
       FIG. 6  shows an example of how a switched function mode is displayed. 
     In the present example, it is assumed that the main unit  110  is operated in the video switcher function mode. In this case, the display section  230  displays the current function mode (video switcher function mode). At the same time, the LED built in the switcher mode switching button  211   s  lights up, whereas the LEDs built in the first camera mode switching button  211   c  or the second camera mode switching button  214   c  do not light up. In this way, the user can see that the main unit  110  is operated in the video switcher function mode. 
     On the other hand, when the main unit  110  is operated in the camera controller mode, the display section  230  displays the current function mode (camera controller mode, not shown). At the same time, the LEDs built in the first camera mode switching button  211   c  and the second camera mode switching button  214   c  light up (not shown), whereas the LED built in the switcher mode switching button  211   s  does not light up. In this way, the user can see that the main unit  110  is operated in the camera controller mode. 
       FIG. 7  is a perspective view showing an exemplary specific configuration of the operation input unit  120 .  FIGS. 8 to 13  show the exemplary specific configuration of the operation input unit  120  viewed in six directions.  FIGS. 8 to 13  are drawn in the same scale. 
       FIG. 7  is a perspective view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 8  is a plan view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 9  is a front view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 10  is a rear view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 11  is a right side view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 12  is a left side view of the operation input unit  120 . 
       FIG. 13  is a bottom view of the operation input unit  120 . 
     According to the present embodiment described above, a single apparatus concurrently offers two function modes, the video switcher function mode and the camera controller mode. The function of the joy stick  240  is used to control a camera (pan/tilt/zoom) in the camera controller mode, whereas used to position a PinP in the video switcher function mode. Employing the joy stick  240 , which has been well accepted as a user interface, allows the user to operate the apparatus in a straightforward, user-friendly manner. 
     Either of the video switcher function or the camera control function is chosen by operating a relevant one of the plurality of switching buttons arranged on the operation panel  130 . The action of the third operation section  143  depends on which function mode is chosen. It is however noted that the video switcher function is always assigned to the first operation section  141 . That is, the PGM selection buttons  213   p  and the NEXT selection buttons  213   n  are only used to perform the video switcher function, and the camera controller function is not intentionally assigned to the PGM selection buttons  213   p  or the NEXT selection buttons  213   n.  In this way, camera operations and video switching operations can be concurrently performed, and the user can perform a video switching operation by which a video signal being put on the air is switched to another while a camera operation is performed. 
     In the camera controller mode, the user sets in advance the relationship between the input numbers on the operation panel  130  and the camera numbers assigned for management purposes. In this way, the video signal outputted through the AUX output terminal  2   a  may or may not be automatically displayed. When the video signal is set to be automatically displayed, and a button labeled with a certain management number on the operation panel  130  is pressed, the camera corresponding to the management number becomes operable, and the video signal inputted through the input port corresponding to the management number is outputted through the AUX output terminal  2   a.  Therefore, camera operations and video switching operations are advantageously readily carried out. 
     Further, packaging the functions provides an advantage of reduction in size of the video signal processing apparatus  100  and the operation input unit  120 . Moreover, the number of parts can be reduced, advantageously resulting in cost reduction. 
     The second camera mode switching button  214   c  is disposed not too close to but not too far from the joy stick  240  (at least 30 mm spaced apart from the joy stick  240  but within 100 mm). In this way, the user can switch the function mode with the shortest movement by using either of the camera mode switching buttons disposed on the right and left sides of the operation panel  130  to carry out an intended operation. 
     2. Variations 
     While the switching button for switching the function mode from the video switcher function mode to the camera controller mode are provided at two locations on the operation panel  130  in the above embodiment, the camera mode switching button may be provided at three or more locations on the operation panel  130 . 
     While the first camera mode switching button  211   c  and the switcher mode switching button  211   s  are disposed as switching buttons in the above embodiment, a single switching button may alternatively disposed. The switching button in this case may be a toggle switch by which either of the function modes is always chosen as a matter of logic. When a plurality of toggle switches are disposed on the operation panel  130  in positions corresponding to both hands of the user who operates the toggle switches, the operability of the apparatus operated by the user is advantageously improved. 
     In the embodiment described above, the video signal processing apparatus  100  has two states, the video switcher function mode and the camera controller mode, and one of the two states transitions to the other in response to the operation of a switching button that works as a trigger. Alternatively, the transition between the states may be prohibited by setting the video signal processing apparatus  100  in advance. That is, the switching between the function modes is disabled even when a switching button is pressed. In this way, the video signal processing apparatus  100  can be used as a dedicated camera controller or video switcher. 
     The present application contains subject matter related to that disclosed in Japanese Priority Patent Application JP 2008-283630 filed in the Japan Patent Office on Nov. 4, 2008, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur depending on design requirements and other factors insofar as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.