Patent Publication Number: US-10309103-B2

Title: Lifting and leveling insert for a precast concrete slab

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application is a Continuation-in-Part of and claims priority to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/656,486, filed Jul. 21, 2017, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/365,271 filed Jul. 21, 2016, the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention generally relates to precast concrete slabs and specifically to systems and devices embedded in precast concrete slabs that adjust the elevation of the concrete slab relative to a ground surface. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Precast concrete slabs provide convenience to contractors and builders since precast concrete slabs can be manufactured offsite. Instead of pouring concrete onsite and waiting for the concrete to cure, builders can buy or manufacture as many precast concrete slabs as needed, then install them onsite, which reduces the time required to put a concrete slab in place. Precast concrete slabs can be used in a variety of projects including buildings, bridges, and even roads. A section of road may be cut out around a pothole, and then a precast concrete slab is lowered in place to quickly repair the pothole or other defect in the road. 
     One issue with using precast concrete slabs to repair roads is that the precast concrete slab must be level with the other portions of the road. A misaligned precast concrete slab can wear a tire or even cause heavy damage to a vehicle. One attempt to solve this issue may be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,875,471 and 9,003,720 to Baltazar, which are incorporated herein in their entireties by reference. These patents describe a system whereby a sleeve is embedded in a precast concrete slab, and the sleeve extends through the concrete slab. A bolt is threaded into the sleeve, and a top end of the bolt has an eyelet that allows builders to transport and lower the precast concrete slab in place. Then, the bolt may be driven in further into the sleeve so that a bottom end of the bolt extends through the sleeve and out of the bottom side of the slab. The bottom end of the bolt contacts a plate, which causes the entire concrete slab to rise. Once the precast concrete slab is in the proper alignment, grout is pumped underneath the slab to set the slab in place. 
     One shortcoming of the device in the Baltazar patents is that a single bolt is used to both transport the precast concrete slab and contact a plate underneath the concrete slab. Accordingly, the bolt must be long enough to extend through the entire concrete slab, and therefore, the bolt has a potential risk of buckling or being subjected to a large moment force as the eyelet or top of the bolt is lifted and moved by cables. Even having just one bolt buckle can hinder the ability of the precast concrete slab to align with a road surface. This results in a loss of time, which defeats the advantage of having a precast concrete slab. Therefore, there is a need for a device, a system, and/or a method for leveling a precast concrete slab that does not have a single continuous bolt that extends through the entire precast concrete slab. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is thus an aspect of embodiments of the present invention to provide an insert embedded in a precast concrete slab that has a two-bolt design for lifting and then leveling the precast concrete slab. The sleeve portion of the insert has two distinct threaded portions along the longitudinal length of the sleeve to accommodate the two-bolt design. A first lifting bolt is inserted into a first threaded portion proximate to the top surface (road side) of the precast concrete slab for transporting the slab. Then a second leveling bolt is used in a second threaded portion that is proximate to the bottom surface of the slab, and engagement of the second bolt causes a plate to raise the precast concrete slab relative to the road surface or any other ground surface. The two-bolt design can use shorter, and thus, stiffer bolts to reduce the likelihood of buckling and reduce the moment forces on the bolts. 
     It is an aspect of embodiments of the present invention to provide an insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab that has a sleeve with two threaded portions on an inner surface of the sleeve that are different sizes. In some embodiments, the threaded portion positioned proximate to the upper surface of the concrete slab has a larger diameter than the threaded portion positioned proximate to the lower surface of the concrete slab. Accordingly, the lifting bolt positioned in the upper threaded portion has a larger diameter than the leveling bolt positioned in the lower threaded portion. This configuration is advantageous since the lifting bolt can be used to position the concrete slab, and then the lifting bolt is removed to provide access to the lower threaded portion. The leveling bolt can pass through the upper threaded portion, through the length of the sleeve and then engage the lower threaded portion. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments of the invention, the upper and lower threaded portions may have smaller and larger diameters, respectively, or even equal diameters. 
     It is a further aspect of embodiments of the present invention to provide an insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab where the point of engagement for the lifting bolt and the leveling bolt is proximate to the upper surface and the lower surface, respectively, of the precast concrete slab. This close positioning between the bolts and the relevant bearing surfaces creates a more robust system. For example, the lifting system that lifts and moves the concrete slab through the lifting bolt imposes a moment force on the lifting bolt when a cable that connects to the lifting bolt is out of plumb or forms an angle with the concrete slab, specifically, the longitudinal axis of the sleeve. Since the lifting bolt engages the threaded portion near the upper surface of the slab, the moment force is reduced. Similarly, the leveling bolt engages a plate at the lower surface of the slab, and drives the plate into a ground surface. Because the leveling bolt engages a threaded portion that is proximate to the lower surface of the slab, there is a reduced likelihood of the leveling bolt buckling under a large force. 
     It is an aspect of embodiments of the present invention to provide an insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab where a plate is affixed to the insert via a plug. The plug can provide a severable interconnection to the concrete slab in a number of ways, including being threaded into the lower threaded portion of the sleeve and a friction fit in the sleeve. The plug in some embodiments may be a plastic such as polymer. The plug simplifies installation of the insert in a concrete slab since all of the parts of the insert are secured together before setting the insert in the slab. During operation, the leveling bolt travels out of the bottom surface of the insert and clears the plug out of the lower threaded insert. The plate detaches from the sleeve of the insert, and then the leveling bolt can drive the plate into the ground surface to raise part of the concrete slab to align the concrete slab as needed. In further embodiments, the plate may be operably interconnected to the sleeve or other portion of the insert by, for example, an adhesive, wires, tubular spacers, etc. 
     Once the slab is aligned, grout can be pumped underneath the precast concrete slab to set the slab in place. In some embodiments, the precast concrete slab has separate apertures that extend through the slab to provide access underneath the slab. A tube or conduit can direct grout or any other similar material through one or more separate apertures to the space underneath the precast concrete slab. In some embodiments, the bolts and/or the sleeve of a given insert may comprise apertures or channels that allow grout to be pumped through the insert and then allow grout to fill the insert to serve as the last space that needs to be filled before the pumping ceases. In other words, once grout fills up the insert and any of the apertures, then the filling process is complete. 
     On particular embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab, comprising a sleeve configured to be embedded in the precast concrete slab, the sleeve having a predetermined length, an upper thread extending along an inner surface of the sleeve by a distance that is shorter than the predetermined length, and a lower thread extending along the inner surface of the sleeve by a distance that is shorter than the predetermined length; a lifting bolt positioned in the upper thread of the sleeve; a leveling bolt positioned in the lower thread of the sleeve, the leveling bolt having a length that is shorter than the predetermined length of the sleeve; and a plate positioned on a lower end of the sleeve, wherein the plate is configured to extend away from the lower end of the sleeve as the leveling bolt is selectively rotated in the lower thread, which selectively elevates or lowers the precast concrete slab above a ground surface. 
     In some embodiments, the upper thread has a larger diameter than the lower thread. In various embodiments, the apparatus further comprises an unthreaded portion of the sleeve extending along the inner surface of the sleeve between the upper thread and the lower thread, the unthreaded portion having a smaller diameter than the upper thread. In some embodiments, a plurality of legs extends from an outer surface of the sleeve. 
     In various embodiments, legs of the plurality of legs are equally spaced radially about a longitudinal axis of the sleeve. In some embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a plug that provides a severable interconnection between the plate and the lower surface of the sleeve. In various embodiments, the sleeve and the plate are comprised of a metallic material. 
     In some embodiments, the lifting bolt is configured to be selectively removable from the upper thread of the sleeve. In various embodiments, the sleeve is formed from a coiled tube wrapped about a longitudinal axis. In some embodiments, the lifting bolt comprises a connection feature that is configured for selective interconnection with a device to position the sleeve and the precast concrete slab. 
     Another particular embodiment of the present invention is a method of embedding a lifting and leveling insert in a precast concrete slab, comprising (i) providing an insert having (a) a sleeve with an upper threaded portion and a lower threaded portion on an inner surface of the sleeve, wherein the upper threaded portion has a larger diameter than the lower threaded portion; (b) a plate operably positioned on a lower end of the sleeve; (c) a plurality of legs extending from an outer surface of the sleeve; and (ii) pouring concrete around the sleeve of the insert in a concrete form to create a precast concrete slab, wherein the plate is operably positioned at a lower surface of the concrete slab to selectively detach from the lower surface of the concrete slab. 
     In some embodiments, the sleeve has an unthreaded portion extending along the inner surface of the sleeve between the upper threaded portion and the lower threaded portion, the unthreaded portion having a smaller diameter than the upper threaded portion. In various embodiments, the sleeve is formed from a coiled tube wrapped about a longitudinal axis. In some embodiments, the method further comprises (iii) engaging a lifting bolt in the upper threaded portion of the sleeve to lift and position the insert and the precast concrete slab over a ground surface. In various embodiments, the method further comprises (iv) engaging a leveling bolt in the lower threaded portion of the sleeve to detach the plate from the lower surface of the concrete slab and to elevate the concrete slab over a ground surface. 
     Yet another particular embodiment of the present invention is a method of transporting and setting a precast concrete slab with an insert, comprising (v) providing an insert in a precast concrete slab, wherein the insert has a sleeve with an upper threaded portion and a lower threaded portion on an inner surface of the sleeve, wherein the upper threaded portion has a larger diameter than the lower threaded portion, and wherein the insert comprises a plate that is selectively detachable from the sleeve and a lower surface of the precast concrete slab; (vi) engaging a lifting bolt in the upper threaded portion of the sleeve; (vii) lifting the precast concrete slab with the lifting bolt into a position on a ground surface; (viii) removing the lifting bolt from the upper threaded portion; and (ix) engaging a leveling bolt in the lower threaded portion of the sleeve such that the plate of the insert detaches from the sleeve and the lower surface of the precast concrete slab and raises the precast concrete slab above the ground surface to a predetermined elevation. 
     In some embodiments, the method further comprises (x) positioning grout underneath the precast concrete slab to set the precast concrete slab at the predetermined elevation over the ground surface. In various embodiments, the sleeve is formed from a coiled tube wrapped about a longitudinal axis. In some embodiments, the sleeve has an unthreaded portion extending along the inner surface of the sleeve between the upper threaded portion and the lower threaded portion, the unthreaded portion having a smaller diameter than the upper threaded portion. In various embodiments, a plurality of legs extend from an outer surface of the sleeve into the precast concrete slab. 
     One particular embodiment of the present invention is an insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab, comprising a sleeve configured to be embedded in a precast concrete slab, the sleeve having a predetermined total length; an upper thread extending along an inner surface of the sleeve by a distance that is shorter than the predetermined total length, wherein the upper thread is configured to receive a lifting bolt for hoisting and positioning the precast concrete slab; a lower thread extending along the inner surface of the sleeve by a distance that is shorter than the predetermined total length, wherein the lower thread is configured to receive a leveling bolt that is shorter than the predetermined total length of the sleeve; and a plate selectively interconnected to a lower end of the sleeve, wherein the plate is configured to extend away from the lower end of the sleeve as the leveling bolt rotates in the lower thread. 
     In some embodiments, the sleeve is a continuous wire. In various embodiments, the continuous wire has a substantially constant cross-sectional dimension along a total length of the continuous wire. In some embodiments, the sleeve has an outer diameter in an area of the upper thread that is larger than an outer diameter in an area of the lower thread. In various embodiments, the insert further comprises at least one leg interconnected to an outer surface of the sleeve in the area of the upper thread. In some embodiments, an inner diameter of the upper thread is greater than an inner diameter of the lower thread. In various embodiments, the insert further comprises a lower plug interconnected to the plate, which is configured to provide an interference fit with the lower end of the sleeve to remotely interconnect the plate to the lower end of the sleeve. 
     Another particular embodiment of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a first insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab, comprising (i) turning a continuous wire about a longitudinal axis to produce a first portion of a first sleeve for a first insert, the first portion having an inner diameter configured to receive a first bolt; (ii) turning the continuous wire about the longitudinal axis to produce a transition portion from the first portion to a second portion of the first sleeve; (iii) turning the continuous wire about the longitudinal axis to produce the second portion, the second portion having an inner diameter configured to receive a second bolt, wherein the inner diameter of the first portion is distinct from the inner diameter of the second portion; and (iv) cutting the continuous wire after producing the second portion. 
     In various embodiments, the method further comprises (v) selectively interconnecting a plate to the first portion. In some embodiments, the method further comprises (vi) rotating the first bolt to contact the plate and disengage the plate from the first portion. In various embodiments, the continuous wire has a substantially constant cross-sectional diameter along a total length of the continuous wire. 
     In some embodiments, the method further comprises (vii) manufacturing a second insert for lifting and leveling a precast concrete slab by: (viii) turning the continuous wire about the longitudinal axis to produce a second portion of a second sleeve of the second insert; (ix) turning the continuous wire about the longitudinal axis to produce a transition portion from the second portion of the second sleeve to a first portion of the second sleeve; and (x) turning the continuous wire about the longitudinal axis to produce the first portion of the second sleeve, wherein an inner diameter of the second portion of the second sleeve is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the second portion of the first sleeve. In various embodiments, the first portion is a lower portion and the second portion is an upper portion, and the inner diameter of the upper portion is larger than the inner diameter of the lower portion, wherein the first bolt is a leveling bolt and the second bolt is a lifting bolt, wherein rotation of the leveling bolt through the lower portion engages the plate to push the first insert in an upward position. In some embodiments, manufacturing of the first portion of the first sleeve occurs prior to production of the second portion of the first sleeve, which occurs prior to production of the second portion of the second sleeve, which occurs prior to production of the first portion of the second sleeve. 
     Yet another particular embodiment of the present invention is a precast concrete panel with an apparatus for lifting and leveling the precast concrete panel, comprising a precast concrete panel having an upper surface, a lower surface, and perimeter edges extending therebetween; a sleeve configured to be embedded in the precast concrete panel, the sleeve having a predetermined total length, and the sleeve made from a continuous wire; an upper portion of the sleeve having an inner diameter configured to receive a lifting bolt to position the precast concrete panel; and a lower portion of the sleeve having an inner diameter configured to receive a leveling bolt, the inner diameter of the lower portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper portion. 
     In various embodiments, the panel further comprises a plate positioned proximate to the lower portion of the sleeve, wherein rotation of the leveling bolt through the lower portion of the sleeve engages the plate positioned below the lower portion. In some embodiments, the panel further comprises a lower plug interconnected to the plate, wherein the lower plug is configured to provide an interference fit with the lower portion to provide the selective interconnection of the plate to the lower portion. In various embodiments, an opening of the upper portion is configured to be positioned proximate to the upper surface of the precast concrete panel, and an opening of the lower portion is configured to be positioned proximate to the lower surface of the precast concrete panel. In some embodiments, the upper portion has a length less than the predetermined total length of the sleeve, and the lower portion has a length less than the predetermined total length of the sleeve. In various embodiments, the panel further comprises at least one leg interconnected to an outer surface of the upper portion of the sleeve, wherein each leg is made from a continuous wire, wherein the continuous wire of each leg has substantially the same cross-sectional dimension as the continuous wire of the sleeve. 
     These and other advantages will be apparent from the disclosure of the invention(s) contained herein. The above-described embodiments, objectives, and configurations are neither complete nor exhaustive. The Summary of the Invention is neither intended nor should it be construed as being representative of the full extent and scope of the invention. Moreover, references made herein to “the invention” or aspects thereof should be understood to mean certain embodiments of the invention and should not necessarily be construed as limiting all embodiments to a particular description. The invention is set forth in various levels of detail in the Summary of the Invention as well as in the attached drawings and Detailed Description and no limitation as to the scope of the invention is intended by either the inclusion or non-inclusion of elements, components, etc. in this Summary of the Invention. Additional aspects of the invention will become more readily apparent from the Detailed Description particularly when taken together with the drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the general description of the disclosure given above and the detailed description of the drawings given below, serve to explain the principles of the disclosures. 
         FIG. 1  is a front elevation view of an insert in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of the insert of  FIG. 1  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 3  is a cross-sectional view of the insert of  FIG. 1  in a precast concrete slab in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is an additional front elevation view of the insert of  FIG. 1  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a top plan view of the insert of  FIG. 1  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a perspective view of another insert made from coiled wire in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is a front elevation view of the insert in  FIG. 6  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8A  is a top plan view of the insert in  FIG. 6  in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 8B  is a top plan view of the insert in  FIG. 6  without an upper plug in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and 
         FIG. 9  is a bottom plan view of the insert in  FIG. 6  without a plate or bottom plug in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     To assist in the understanding of the embodiments of the invention the following list of components and associated numbering found in the drawings is provided herein: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
               
               
                 Component  
                   
               
               
                 No. 
                 Component 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 10 
                 Insert 
               
               
                 14 
                 Sleeve 
               
               
                 18 
                 Leg 
               
               
                 22 
                 Leg Tip 
               
               
                 26 
                 Plate 
               
               
                 30 
                 First Threaded  
               
               
                   
                 Portion 
               
               
                 34 
                 Lifting Bolt 
               
               
                 38 
                 Second Threaded 
               
               
                   
                 Portion 
               
               
                 42 
                 Leveling Bolt 
               
               
                 46 
                 Precast Concrete  
               
               
                   
                 Slab 
               
               
                 50 
                 Ground Surface 
               
               
                 54 
                 Insert Height 
               
               
                 58 
                 Leg Height 
               
               
                 62 
                 Plate Spacing 
               
               
                 66 
                 Leg Spacing 
               
               
                 70 
                 Leg Angle 
               
               
                 74 
                 Plate Width 
               
               
                 76 
                 Wire 
               
               
                 78 
                 Upper Portion 
               
               
                 80 
                 First Outer  
               
               
                   
                 Diameter 
               
               
                 82 
                 Lower Portion 
               
               
                 84 
                 Second Outer  
               
               
                   
                 Diameter 
               
               
                 86 
                 Upper Plug 
               
               
                 88 
                 Lower Plug 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     It should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and various dimensions may be altered. In certain instances, details that are not necessary for an understanding of the invention or that render other details difficult to perceive may have been omitted. It should be understood, of course, that the invention is not necessarily limited to the particular embodiments illustrated herein. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The invention has significant benefits across a broad spectrum of endeavors. It is the Applicant&#39;s intent that this specification and the claims appended hereto be accorded a breadth in keeping with the scope and spirit of the invention being disclosed despite what might appear to be limiting language imposed by the requirements of referring to the specific examples disclosed. To acquaint persons skilled in the pertinent arts most closely related to the invention, a preferred embodiment that illustrates the best mode now contemplated for putting the invention into practice is described herein by, and with reference to, the annexed drawings that form a part of the specification. The exemplary embodiment is described in detail without attempting to describe all of the various forms and modifications in which the invention might be embodied. As such, the embodiments described herein are illustrative, and as will become apparent to those skilled in the arts, and may be modified in numerous ways within the scope and spirit of the invention. 
     Although the following text sets forth a detailed description of numerous different embodiments, it should be understood that the detailed description is to be construed as exemplary only and does not describe every possible embodiment since describing every possible embodiment would be impractical, if not impossible. Numerous alternative embodiments could be implemented, using either current technology or technology developed after the filing date of this patent, which would still fall within the scope of the claims. To the extent that any term recited in the claims at the end of this patent is referred to in this patent in a manner consistent with a single meaning, that is done for sake of clarity only so as to not confuse the reader, and it is not intended that such claim term by limited, by implication or otherwise, to that single meaning. 
     Various embodiments of the invention are described herein and as depicted in the drawings. It is expressly understood that although the figures illustrate inserts, sleeves, bolts, etc., the invention is not limited to these embodiments. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 1 , a front elevation view of an insert  10  is provided. The insert  10  comprises a tubular sleeve  14  and legs  18  that extend from an outer surface of the sleeve  14 . When the insert  10  is embedded in a precast concrete slab, the sleeve  14  is oriented to extend through the thickness dimension, or smallest dimension, of the slab. Thus, the legs  18  extend laterally into the slab to provide support and stability. The legs  26  may have optional plastic tips  28  disposed on the distal ends of the legs  26  to improve the safety for those who handle the insert  10 . 
     In addition, a plate  26  is positioned at one end of the sleeve  14 . In practice, the plate  26  is substantially parallel with a lower surface of the precast concrete slab, and the plate  26  is oriented to contact a ground surface. The plate  26  is configured to selectively detach from the sleeve  14  and the precast concrete slab to elevate or lower the sleeve  14  and the precast concrete slab above the ground surface. With a precast concrete slab that has multiple insert systems  10 , the particular elevation and orientation of the precast concrete slab can be controlled so that, for example, the precast concrete slab is flush with a road surface to repair a road. 
     It will be appreciated that the sleeve  14  may be machined from a tubular structure or cast into a tubular structure, in some embodiments. It will be further appreciated that the sleeve  14  can be formed from coiled tubing that is turned about a longitudinal axis to form the sleeve  14 . Complementary bolts configured to thread within coil tubing are also contemplated for embodiments of the present invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 2 , a cross-sectional view of the insert  10  is provided. The sleeve  14  comprises a first threaded portion  30  and a second threaded portion  38 . The first threaded portion  30  is positioned at the end of the sleeve  14  that is proximate to the top surface of the precast concrete slab. The first threaded portion  30  may extend only partially along the longitudinal length of the sleeve  14 . In some embodiments, the first threaded portion  30  is disposed only on an upper half of the sleeve  14 . In various embodiments, the first threaded portion  30  does not extend to the top edge of the sleeve  14 . 
     The sleeve  14  also comprises a second threaded portion  38 , which like the first threaded portion  30 , may extend only partially along the longitudinal length of the sleeve  14 . In some embodiments, the second threaded portion  38  is disposed only on a lower half of the sleeve  14 . In various embodiments, the second threaded portion  38  does not extend to the bottom edge of the sleeve  14 . Further still, the first and second threaded portions  30 ,  38  may meet at a midpoint or other point of the sleeve  14  such that the portions  30 ,  38  are adjacent to each other. Various embodiments of the invention may include an unthreaded portion that is positioned between the threaded portions  30 ,  38 , and in some embodiments, the unthreaded portion has a smaller diameter than the first threaded portion  30  to prevent a lifting bolt from extending further down the sleeve  14 . 
     As noted elsewhere herein, the first threaded portion  30  may have a larger diameter than the second threaded portion  38 . In various embodiments, the first threaded portion  30  may have a diameter between approximately 2″ and ½″. In some embodiments, the first threaded portion  30  may have a diameter of approximately 1¼″. In various embodiments, the second threaded portion  38  may have a diameter between approximately 1¾″ and ¼″. In some embodiments, the second threaded portion  38  may have a diameter of approximately 1″. 
       FIG. 2  also shows the lifting bolt  34  and the leveling bolt  42 . The lifting bolt  34  is configured to engage the first threaded portion  30 , and the leveling bolt  42  is configured to engage the second threaded portion  38 . Just as the first threaded portion  30  has a larger diameter than the second threaded portion  38 , the lifting bolt  34  has a larger diameter than the leveling bolt  42 . This allows the leveling bolt  42  to be first inserted through the top end of the sleeve  14 , through the sleeve  14 , and into the second threaded portion  38 . Then, the lifting bolt  34  may be inserted into the first threaded portion  30 . Alternatively, during operation of the insert  10 , the lifting bolt  34  may be used and then discarded before the leveling bolt  42  is inserted through the sleeve  14  into the second threaded portion  38 . The lifting bolt  34  may have a connection feature such as an aperture, a ring, an eyelet, etc. that allows a separate device such as a crane to selectively interconnect to the lifting bolt  34 . 
     It will be appreciated that in preferred embodiments, the lifting bolt  34  and the leveling bolt  42  are shorter than the predetermined distance between both ends of the sleeve  14  or the thickness of the precast concrete slab. However, it will also be appreciated that in other embodiment, one or both of the lifting bolt  34  and the leveling bolt  42  may have a length that is equal to or greater than the predetermined distance. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 3 , a cross-sectional view of the insert  10  is provided where the insert  10  is elevated above a ground surface  50 . As shown, the insert  10  has been embedded in a precast concrete slab  46 , and the sleeve  14  is oriented such that a longitudinal dimension of the sleeve  14  extends through a thickness of the precast concrete slab. The lifting bolt has been utilized to position the precast concrete slab  46  over a ground surface  50 , and has been subsequently removed. Next, the leveling bolt  42  is driven into the plate  26  such that the plate  26  detaches from the lower end of the sleeve  14  and the bottom surface of the slab  42 . The leveling bolt  42  elevates the sleeve  14  and the precast concrete slab  46  above the plate  26  and the ground surface  50  by a predetermined height. Lastly, grout can be pumped underneath the precast concrete slab  46  to set the precast concrete slab  46  at the predetermined height. The precast concrete slab  46  may have separate apertures that extend through the thickness of the precast concrete slab  46  to provide access underneath the precast concrete slab  46  for the grout. 
     The sleeve  14  of the insert  10  extends substantially between the top and bottom surfaces of the precast concrete slab  46 . However, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the length of the sleeve  14  may be shorter or longer than the thickness of the precast concrete slab  46 . For instance, a top end of the sleeve  14  may be short of the top surface of the precast concrete slab  46 , a bottom end of the sleeve  14  may be short of the bottom surface of the precast concrete slab  46 , or both ends may be short. Further still, in some embodiments, a tubular spacer may be positioned between an end of the sleeve  14  and a surface of the precast concrete slab  46 . 
     Another feature of the insert  10  is a plug, which interconnects the plate  26  to the sleeve  14  of the insert  10 . The plug can interconnect the plate  26  to the sleeve  14  in a variety of ways. In some embodiments, the plug is a plastic portion that engages part of the second threaded portion  38  of the sleeve  14 . When the leveling bolt  42  is engaged, the plug is driven out of the sleeve and the leveling bolt  42  drives the plate  26  into the ground surface  50 . In various embodiments, the plug may interconnect to the sleeve  14  through an interference fit, which again, may be forced out of the sleeve  14  during engagement of the leveling bolt  42 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 4 , a front elevation view of the insert  10  with dimensions is provided. The sleeve  14  also has an insert height  54  and a leg height  58 . The insert height  54  may be any height to accommodate any size precast concrete slab. In some embodiments, the insert height  54  is approximately 7¾″. An optional leg height may extend between the end of a leg and the top of the sleeve  14 . In some embodiments, the leg height  58  is approximately ⅛″. 
     The plate  26  is disposed at the bottom end of the sleeve  14  on the bottom surface of the precast concrete slab. There is a spacing  62  between the plate  26  and the legs  18  of the insert  10 , which are discussed further below. In some embodiments, the plate spacing  62  is approximately ¾″. 
     Like with other dimensions discussed herein, the spacing from the end of one leg  18  to the end of another leg  18  may be any size to accommodate the dimensions and needs of a particular insert  10  and precast concrete slab. In some embodiments, the leg spacing  66  is approximately 9⅜″. Further, the legs  18  in some embodiments may be ⅜″ diameter wire. In addition, the legs  18  in some embodiments may have a proximal end that is interconnected to the outer surface of the sleeve  14  and a distal end that extends downward toward the lower end of the sleeve  14 . Specifically, in some embodiments, the distal end of the legs  18  lies in a common plane with the lower end of the sleeve  14  and the plate  26 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 5  a top plan view of the insert  10  with dimensions is provided. The insert  10  has four legs  18  arrayed about the sleeve  14 . The legs  18  are equally spaced about the sleeve  14 , and the angle  70  between the legs  18  in this embodiment is approximately 90 degrees. It will be appreciated that legs  18  in other embodiments of the invention may have more or fewer than four legs  18 , and the configuration of the legs  18  may also be different. For example, the legs  18  may be arrayed asymmetrically about the sleeve  14 . 
     Lastly, the plate  26  in  FIG. 5  is square has a width  74  that is a 6″. However, it will be appreciated that the plate may have other shapes, dimensions, and materials to allow the leveling bolt to thread through the second threaded portion of the sleeve  14  and drive the plate into the ground surface to raise the precast concrete slab. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 6 , a perspective view of another insert  10  is provided. In this embodiment, the insert  10  has a sleeve  14  made from a coiled wire, which can be less expensive and faster to produce than other types of sleeves that require milling, threading, etc. The sleeve  14  in this embodiment comprises an upper portion  78  and a lower portion  82  and a transition portion disposed therebetween. The upper portion  78  has a first outer diameter  80  that is larger than a second outer diameter  84  of the lower portion  82 . Since the sleeve  14  is made from a continuous wire with a constant thickness, the upper portion  78  has an inner diameter that is larger than an inner diameter of the lower portion  82  by the same distance that the first outer diameter  80  is larger than the second outer diameter  84 . 
     To manufacture the sleeve  14  in  FIG. 6 , first, the lower portion  82  is produced by turning a wire about an axis and at the outer diameter  84 . The wire is coiled for a predetermined length along the axis, and then the diameter of the wire transitions from the outer diameter  84  of the lower portion  82  to a larger outer diameter  80  of the upper portion  78 . The wire is coiled for another predetermined length along the axis, and the wire is then cut, which leaves the sleeve  14  with two different-sized outer diameters  80 ,  84  made from a continuous wire. The next wire sleeve  14  can be made in reverse to minimize waste and increase production speed. The upper portion  78  is created first, and then the wire transitions from the outer diameter  80  of the upper portion  78  to the outer diameter  84  of the lower portion  82 . Multiple sleeves  14  made from continuous wire can be manufactured in this alternating process. 
     After forming the sleeve  14 , other components can be added to the sleeve  14  to make the insert  10 . Legs  18  can be bent and manufactured into a predetermined shape and then connected to the sleeve  14 , for example, by welding. The legs  18  further secure the insert  10  to the precast concrete slab. Specifically, in this embodiment, legs  18  are connected to the upper portion  78  and evenly arranged about a central axis of the sleeve  14 . It will be appreciated that any number of legs  18 , more or less than four, can be connected to the sleeve  14  in any configuration and/or orientation. 
     Plugs  86 ,  88  can help prevent cement or concrete from entering the interior of the sleeve  14  as the insert  10  is encased in a precast concrete slab. The top plug  86  shown in  FIGS. 6 and 7  is insertable into the sleeve  14  to close the upper opening of the sleeve  14 . The top plug  86  can be threadably secured or even secured with an interference or friction fit to the sleeve  14 . After the precast concrete slab has cured, the top plug  86  can be removed to provide access to the interior of the insert  10  for lifting and leveling bolts. Similarly, the lower plug  88  shown in  FIG. 7  can connect to the lower opening of the sleeve  14  using, for example, a threadable connection or an interference fit. In other embodiments, the plate  26  can directly provide a threadable connection or an interference fit. The lower plug  88  can be secured to the plate  26  by inserting a screw or bolt from a bottom surface of the plate  26 , through the plate  26 , and into the lower plug  88 . During operation, a leveling bolt can drive the lower plug  88  out of the sleeve  14 . To aid with this functionality, the top surface of the lower plug  88  can have a concave shape to center and stabilize the leveling bolt as the leveling blot drives the lower plug  88  out of the sleeve  14 . 
     Specialized lifting and leveling bolts can interact with the coiled wire sleeve  14  to position the insert  10  and raise and lower the insert  10  above a surface. The lifting bolt is configured to threadably connect to the inner surface of the upper portion  78 . The lifting bolt has threads with a crest and root profile that compliments the shape of the inner surface of the upper portion  78 , which is defined by a coiled wire. Thus, one can thread the lifting bolt into the upper portion  78  and use a hoist system that connects to the lifting bolt to lift and position the precast concrete slab. Similarly, the leveling bolt is configured to threadably connect to the inner surface of the lower portion  82 , and the leveling bolt has a crest and root profile that compliments the shape of the inner surface of the lower portion  82 , which is defined by a coiled wire. Therefore, one can rotate the leveling bolt through the lower portion  82  to contact the leveling bolt against the plate  26  and drive the plate  26  into the surface. As a result, the leveling bolt and insert raise the precast concrete slab above the surface. 
     Now referring to  FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 9 , various views of the insert  10  are provided.  FIG. 8A  is a top plan view of the insert  10  that shows the upper plug  86  closing the interior volume of the sleeve.  FIG. 8B  is also a top plan view of the insert  10 , but with the upper plug and plate removed so that the interior of the sleeve is visible. As depicted, the upper portion  78  has a larger inner diameter than the lower portion  82 .  FIG. 9  is a bottom plan view of the insert  10  with the plate and plugs removed. 
     The invention has significant benefits across a broad spectrum of endeavors. It is the Applicant&#39;s intent that this specification and the claims appended hereto be accorded a breadth in keeping with the scope and spirit of the invention being disclosed despite what might appear to be limiting language imposed by the requirements of referring to the specific examples disclosed. 
     The phrases “at least one”, “one or more”, and “and/or”, as used herein, are open-ended expressions that are both conjunctive and disjunctive in operation. For example, each of the expressions “at least one of A, B, and C”, “at least one of A, B, or C”, “one or more of A, B, and C”, “one or more of A, B, or C,” and “A, B, and/or C” means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B, and C together. 
     Unless otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities, dimensions, conditions, and so forth used in the specification, drawings, and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about.” 
     The term “a” or “an” entity, as used herein, refers to one or more of that entity. As such, the terms “a” (or “an”), “one or more” and “at least one” can be used interchangeably herein. 
     The use of “including,” “comprising,” or “having,” and variations thereof, is meant to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. Accordingly, the terms “including,” “comprising,” or “having” and variations thereof can be used interchangeably herein. 
     It shall be understood that the term “means” as used herein shall be given its broadest possible interpretation in accordance with 35 U.S.C. § 112(f). Accordingly, a claim incorporating the term “means” shall cover all structures, materials, or acts set forth herein, and all of the equivalents thereof. Further, the structures, materials, or acts, and the equivalents thereof, shall include all those described in the summary of the invention, brief description of the drawings, detailed description, abstract, and claims themselves. 
     The foregoing description of the invention has been presented for illustration and description purposes. However, the description is not intended to limit the invention to only the forms disclosed herein. In the foregoing Detailed Description for example, various features of the invention are grouped together in one or more embodiments for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into this Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention. 
     Consequently, variations and modifications commensurate with the above teachings and skill and knowledge of the relevant art are within the scope of the invention. The embodiments described herein above are further intended to explain best modes of practicing the invention and to enable others skilled in the art to utilize the invention in such a manner, or include other embodiments with various modifications as required by the particular application(s) or use(s) of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the claims be construed to include alternative embodiments to the extent permitted by the prior art.