Patent Publication Number: US-11657686-B2

Title: Expandable security system

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 17/093,116 filed on Nov. 9, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated by reference herein in entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present invention generally relates to electronic circuits and computing technology that facilitates a security system for the protection of property. 
     Security systems provide protection from threats to security such as burglary, vandalism arson, etc. The security systems are used for the safety and protection of personnel, property and surroundings. Typically, security systems operate by monitoring one or more sensor devices that are placed at predetermined locations around the environment that is being protected by the security system. The sensor devices include motion detectors, light sensors, door sensors, noise sensors, humidity sensors, heat sensors, cameras, window sensors, glass-breakage sensors, etc. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to one or more embodiments, a computer-implemented method includes receiving, by a base station of a first security system, an identification of a portable security system. The method further includes adding, by the base station, the portable security system as a sensor to a plurality of sensors monitored by the first security system. The method further includes configuring, by the base station, the portable security system in protect-mode, wherein the portable security system sounds an alarm in response to a sensor from the second system indicating a security-breach. The method further includes in response to the alarm from the portable security system, generating, by the base station, an alarm event of the first security system. 
     According to one or more embodiments, a security system includes a plurality of sensors, and a base station that is configured to perform a method. The method includes receiving an identification of a portable security system. The method includes adding the portable security system as a sensor to a plurality of sensors monitored by the first security system. The method includes configuring, by the base station, the portable security system in protect-mode, wherein the portable security system sounds an alarm in response to a sensor from the second system indicating a security-breach. The method includes, in response to the alarm from the portable security system, generating, by the base station, an alarm event of the first security system. 
     According to one or more embodiments, a portable security system includes a sensor, and a processor configured to perform a method to secure an item by expanding a central security system. The method includes sending a request to a base station of the central security system to add the portable security system as a sensor of the central security system, the request comprising an identification code that identifies the portable security system. The method further includes receiving, in response, from the base station, a confirmation indicating that the portable security system has been added to a list of sensors of the central security system. The method further includes transitioning the portable security system in protect-mode, in response to receiving an instruction from the base station, wherein the portable security system generates an alarm in response to the sensor indicating a security-breach. The method further includes in response to the security-breach, sending, by the portable security system, a notification to the base station to generate an alarm event of the central security system. 
     Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those of skill in the art upon contemplation of the disclosure herein in conjunction with the drawings as described below. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    depicts a block diagram of an expandable security system according to one or more embodiments; 
         FIG.  2    depicts a flowchart of a method for expanding the security system according to one or more embodiments; 
         FIG.  3    depicts a list of sensors monitored by a security system according to one or more embodiments; 
         FIG.  4    depicts a state transition diagram for the various states in which a portable security system can be programmed according to one or more embodiments; 
         FIG.  5    depicts a computer system according to one or more embodiments; and 
         FIG.  6    depicts a block diagram of a portable security device  600  according to one or more embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Embodiments of the present invention address technical challenges with security systems. Typically, a security system is static in nature. Security systems provide protection from threats to security such as burglary, vandalism arson, etc. The security system is used for the safety and protection of personnel, property and surroundings. The security system operates by monitoring one or more sensors that are placed at predetermined locations around a building that is being protected by the security system. The sensors can include, but not limited to, motion detectors, light sensors, door sensors, noise sensors, humidity sensors, heat sensors, cameras, window sensors, glass-breakage sensors, infrared sensors, etc. A base station of the security system monitors a security-breach indicated by any of the sensors. The base station and the sensors communicate with each other using wired and/or wireless communication protocols. 
     A technical challenge with the existing security systems is that they are static. That is, a security system can only offer protection to the building based on the existing sensors of the security system, which are placed in the one or more predetermined locations around the building. For example, the sensors can be placed at doors, windows, high-traffic areas, or other such locations based on human judgment. While such placement of the sensors may suffice for a residence, an office, a small business, a restaurant, or other such buildings that have designated or limited entry and/or exit points, the security system cannot be used in buildings such as parking garages, parks, driveways, yards, etc. where entry and exits are not limited. In such spaces, where a culprit, for example, a burglar, arsonist, etc. can access the space from any direction, and without designated doors and/or windows, placing the sensors can be a challenge. Accordingly, such spaces go unmonitored. Alternatively, in some examples, cameras are relied upon to monitor such spaces. However, such monitoring only facilitates analyzing a security-breach that has occurred in the past, and after the culprit has long fled. Prompt action for a possible intervention during or immediately after the security-breach in such spaces is a technical challenge with existing security systems. Here, “immediately” after the security-breach can include within a predetermined duration since the start of the security-breach, for example, 20 minutes, 40 minutes, or any other such predetermined duration in which first responders, such as police, firefighters, paramedics, can arrive at the scene of the security-breach. 
     Embodiments of the technical solutions described herein address such technical challenges. Further, embodiments described herein address problems such as an increase in break-ins or theft of property, such as vehicles, boats, shipment packages, and other such items that may typically be parked or placed outside the premises, where the premises are typically secured using a security system. For example, vehicles, boats, recreational vehicles, and other such items may be placed on a driveway. Further, shipment packages are placed in the yard for pickup, or upon receipt. While some of these items, such as vehicles, have their own security systems, these security systems are localized, and typically are limited to blaring of an alarm, flashing of lights, and other such localized signals. 
     Embodiments of the technical solutions described herein facilitate the security systems for such items to be dynamically connected to a security system of a building, where the item is in the vicinity of that building. The security system of the building is actively monitored, and facilitates to generate local as well as remote alarms in response to a breach of the security of the item. 
     Embodiments of the technical solutions described herein facilitate a security system to be expanded to monitor such spaces, where designated entry/exits are not available. Embodiments of the technical solution facilitate a first security system to be expanded by adding another security system as one of the sensors that are monitored by a base station of the first security system. 
       FIG.  1    depicts a block diagram of an expandable security system according to one or more embodiments. The system  100  includes a security system  101 , referred herein as a “central security system.” The central security system  101  includes a base station  102  that monitors one or more sensors  104 . The sensors  104  are placed at predetermined locations in an area  106 . The area  106  can be part of a building  108  such as a residence, an office, a shop, a restaurant, a school, or any other building. The area  106  is protected by the security system  101 . The sensors  104  can be placed at doors  120 , windows  122 , or other such locations, such as a hallway, stairs, etc. The base station  102  monitors the sensors  104  for a security-breach, in response to which the base station  102  generates an alarm event. 
     The alarm event can include a predetermined audible sound, for example, higher than a predetermined decibel value using audio speaker(s)  114 . The alarm event can also include a visual notification, such as switching a light ON, flashing lights, strobing lights, or any other such visual indications using light emitting device(s)  118 . The alarm event can further include sending wired or wireless communications to one or more devices to notify of the security breach. In response, recipients of the notification can try intervening the security breach, such as, by apprehending a culprit that causes the security breach, attending to a medical emergency, preventing fire from spreading, etc. For example, the recipients can include police, firefighters, paramedics, neighbors, relatives, friends, of a user of the security system  101 , or the user him/herself. For such notifications, the base station  102  sends notification communications to be received by communication devices associated with such personnel.  FIG.  1    depicts a control device  105  that can be such a communication device associated with a user of the security system  101 . 
     The control device  105  can be a control panel associated with the security system  101 . Alternatively the control device  105  can be a communication device such as, a phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a server computer, a desktop computer, or any other such communication device that can receive the notification communicated by the base station  102 . 
     The building  108  can further include an area  110  that is not monitored by the security system  101 . The area  110  is not covered by the security system  101  because of a lack of sensors  104  in the area  110 . The area  110  can be a yard, a driveway, parking areas or a parking garage, a porch, boat moorage, bicycle stand, a shed, a gazebo, a sunroom, or any other such structure that is not part of the area  106  that is covered by the security system  101 . It is understood that the depiction of the area  110 , the building  108 , and the area  106  in  FIG.  1    is exemplary, and that in other embodiments, the orientation of the building  108 , and the areas  106 ,  110  can vary from the depiction. In an example, the area  110  can be another structure that is attached to/with the building  108 . Embodiments described herein facilitate expanding the perimeter of the security system  101  dynamically. 
     Accordingly, as described earlier, an item  130  that is in the area  110  is typically not protected by the security system  101 . The item  130  can be a shipment package, a furniture item, a bike, a toy, a vehicle or any other such item. It should be understood that although only a single item  130  is shown, in one or more embodiments the area  110  can include multiple items  130 . For example, the area  110  can encompass one or more vehicles, bikes, furniture items, etc. 
     In an example, the building  108  can be a parking garage, with the security system  101  being a central security system that secures the area  106 , such as where an office of the parking garage exists in the building  108 , or any other such area. The sensors  104  can include cameras, radio frequency identification (RFID) scanners, garage-entry ticket machines, or any other garage entry device that provides access to a parking garage. The vast portion of the parking garage, where one or more patrons park their vehicles may not be protected by the security system  101 . Hence, typically, patrons are warned that their vehicles and belonging in such vehicles are not being secured. 
     In an example, the item  130  has a security system  101 B of its own. The security system  101 B includes a base station  102 B, a control device  105 B, and a set of sensors  104 B of its own. For example, in the above example with the item  130  being a vehicle, the security system  101 B can be a security system of the vehicle. The security system  101 B can include its own audio devices  114  and light emitting devices  118  in one or more embodiments. The operation of the security system  101 B is similar to that of the security system  101 , and hence, not repeated herein. 
     The security system  101  and the security system  101 B can operate in several modes. The modes can include a protect-mode, a sleep-mode, among other modes. By default, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the security system  101 / 101 B is in the sleep-mode. The security system  101 / 101 B can be put in one of the modes by sending a signal to the base station  102 / 102 B to change the operational mode. Alternatively, or in addition, such a signal can be input via the control device  105 / 105 B. 
     In the protect-mode the security system  101 / 101 B provides anti-theft protection to the area  106  and/or the item  130  that is assigned to the security system  101 / 101 B. In the protect-mode, the security system  101 / 101 B, using the sensors  104 / 104 B, detects a movement, break-in, or any other unauthorized action with the area/item assigned to the security system  101 / 101 B. In response, the security system  101 / 101 B causes an alarm to sound. For example, the audio speaker  114  can be used to generate an audible alarm. In addition, or alternatively, the base station  102 / 102 B can send a notification to a server, such as a notification center (not shown), as part of the alarm. In addition, or alternatively, the base station  102 / 102 B can send a notification to a user associated with the security system  101 / 101 B. The base station  102 / 102 B can be programmed where to send the message notification. 
     The security system  101 / 101 B can further provide an audio/visual notification that can deter a theft of the item  130  and any other property in the protected area  106 . For example, the audio speaker  114  and/or the light emitting device  118  can provide the audiovisual notification. The audiovisual notification can include an alarm sound, a flashing light pattern, or any other combination. 
     In the sleep-mode the security system  101 / 101 B does not monitor a security-breach using the sensors  104 / 104 B. In one or more embodiments, the sensors  104 / 104 B are put in a power saving mode. Accordingly, in sleep-mode, an alarm event cannot be raised by the security system  101 / 101 B. 
       FIG.  2    depicts a flowchart of a method for expanding the security system according to one or more embodiments. The method  200  that is depicted is described in context of  FIG.  1   , with reference to the security system  101  as a central security system, and the security system  101 B as a portable security system. As described herein, the central security system can be a security system of a building (e.g., public garage, home, private garage, etc.), and the portable security system can be a security system of a vehicle that is being parked in the building. It is understood that other example scenarios can also exist, such as, the central security system being that of a building (e.g., home, office, etc.), and the portable security system being that of a vehicle, shipment package, furniture, or any other item  130  that is in the vicinity of the building. The method  200  facilitates expanding the central security system using the portable security system. 
     The method  200  includes, at block  202 , receiving, by the base station  102  of the central security system  101 , identification of the portable security system  101 B. It is understood that the method  200  is described with respect to only one portable security system  101 B, however, the method is applicable to multiple portable security systems  101 B to be configured to be added to the security system  101 . In other words, the security system  101  can be expanded using one or more portable security systems  101 B simultaneously. Further, the any one or more of the portable security systems  101 B that have been added to the security system  101  can be dynamically added and/or removed, making the coverage of the security system  101  dynamic, i.e., vary at runtime. 
     The identification of the portable security system  101 B is received by scanning an identifier associated with the portable security system  101 B via a sensor  104  of the central security system  101 . For example, the portable security system  101 B can be associated with an identification device, which is scanned by the sensor  104  of the central security system  101 . The identification device can be a radio frequency identification (RFID) device, a mobile, or any other such device that is associated with the portable security system  101 B. The identification device can also be a card with a barcode, a QR-code, an image, or any other such machine-readable identification code. Alternatively, the identification of the portable security system  101 B can be received via a near-field communication, such as using BLUETOOTH®, ZIGBEE®, or any other such communication protocols. The machine-readable code is a unique code associated with the portable security system  101 B. The sensor  104  of the central security system  101  can be an RFID scanner, a camera, a code reader, a near-field communicator, or any other such device. In one or more embodiments, the sensor  104  can facilitate a manual entry of the identification of the portable security system  101 B. For example, the device can include a keypad (not shown) that facilitates manual entry of the identification information. Alternatively, or in addition, the identification of the portable security system  101 B can be received by the base station  102  via internet-of-things (IoT), or any other communication technique that uses the Internet. 
     At block  204 , the base station  102  of the central security system  101  adds the portable security system  101 B as a sensor  104 . The portable security system  101 B can be added to the set of sensors  104  that is monitored by the base station  102 . The base station  102  includes a list  250  ( FIG.  3   ) of sensors  104  that it monitors. The list  250  can be maintained as a data structure, such as an array, a database table, or any other electronic data structure. The list  250  can be stored in a memory and/or storage disk of the base station  102 . The portable security system  101 B is added to the list  250 . In an example, each entry of the list  250  of sensors in the base station  102  includes at least an identifier and type of the sensor  104  that is being monitored by the base station  102 . The list  250  can include additional information, such as location, time at which the sensor was added to the list  250 , etc., in some embodiments. In an embodiment, the base station  102  sends a confirmation to the portable security system  101 B that it has been added as one of the sensors  104 . The confirmation can include a code that the base station  102  assigns the portable security system in one or more embodiments. 
     In one or more embodiments, at block  206 , the base station  102 , upon receiving the identification, verifies that the identification is associated with an account associated with an authorized user. An “authorized user” here is an entity that has authorized any payment that may be required by the base station  102  to monitor the portable security system  101 B. The authorized user can maintain an account for such payments. The account and/or the authorized user are associated with the identifier of the portable security system  101 B. In an example, the base station  102  verifies that the portable security system  101 B is associated with the authorized user (or account) by cross-referencing with another database table, or any other data structure. If the identifier does not refer to an authorized user/account, the base station  102  can decline adding the portable security system  101 B to the list  250 . In one or more embodiments, a user of the portable security system  101 B can receive a notification, for example via the sensor being used to scan the identification information, that the addition was declined. The user of the portable security system  101 B can add the authorized user/account information via a separate interface (not shown) and subsequently scan the identification information again. 
     In an example, adding the portable security system  101 B to the list  250  of the base station  102  includes initiating a communication link with the portable security system  101 B. The communication can occur via one of the communication protocols such as BLUETOOTH®, ZIGBEE®, or using known techniques for internet-of-things (IoT) etc. In one or more embodiments, the entry in the list  250  corresponding to the portable security system  101 B includes a communication address associated with the portable security system  101 B. For example, the communication address can include an internet protocol (IP) address, a port number, or any other type of communication address for the base station  102  to communicate with the portable security system  101 B. In one or more examples, the communication address of the portable security system  101 B is associated with the base station  102 B of the portable security system  101 B. The type of communication address depends on the communication protocol that is used to communicate with the portable security system  101 B. In one or more embodiments, the base station  102  communicates with a first portable security system  101 B via a first communication protocol, such as ZIGBEE®, and with a second portable security system  101 B via a second communication protocol, such as ZWAVE®. The communications between the base stations  102  and  102 B can be encrypted or secured in any other manner. 
     At block  208 , the base station  102  configures the portable security system  101 B in protect-mode. The base station  102  can send a signal to the portable security system  101 B to make this transition. In one or more embodiments, the transition to the protect-mode occurs after a predetermined duration since the scanning of the identification of the portable security system  101 B. In yet other embodiments, the base station  102  sends the signal to transition the portable security system  101 B to protect-mode in response to receiving a notification from the user of the portable security system  101 B. 
     For example, consider the case where the portable security system  101 B is associated with a vehicle and the central security system  101  is a security system for the entire garage in which the vehicle is going to be parked. The user (e.g., driver of the vehicle) scans an identification of the portable security system  101 B, for example, by scanning a parking pass, a parking entry card, a license tag of the vehicle, an RFID chip, a mobile phone, or any other form of identification that is associated with the vehicle, which in turn is associated with the portable security system  101 B. In an example, the user enters the identification manually. The central security system  101  registers the portable security system  101 B as a sensor  104 . Further, after the user parks the vehicle, s/he can notify the central security system  101  to switch the vehicle into the protect-mode. For example, the user can send the notification using a mobile phone, a device placed in the parking spot, the portable security system  101 B, or using other such technique. Alternatively, or in addition, the central security system  101  transitions the portable security system  101 B to the protect-mode after a predetermined duration after the scanning of the identification by the user. 
     During the configuring of the portable security system  101 B into protect-mode, the portable security system  101 B provides a predetermined wait-period to complete the transition. For example, upon receiving an instruction from the central security system  101  to transition into the protect-mode, the portable security system  101 B initiates a timer of a predetermined wait-period, for example, 30 seconds, 1 minute, etc., or any other configurable duration. In one or more embodiments, the portable security system  101 B provides an audio/visual indication, for example, an audible beep, a flashing light, etc., that the protect-mode is being initiated. During this wait-period, the user can cancel the transition. For example, the user can send a cancellation to the central security system  101  via a mobile device, a device in the parking garage, the portable security system  101 B, or any other techniques. The user can instruct the central security system  101  to transition into the protect-mode when s/he is ready. Such an instruction can be sent a mobile device, a device in the parking garage, the portable security system  101 B, or any other techniques. 
     Alternatively, consider the case where the portable security system  101 B is associated with a shipment package and the central security system  101  is a security system for a house, an office, a building, etc., where the shipment package is to be delivered and/or stored. The user (e.g., shipment delivery person) scans an identification of the portable security system  101 B, for example, by scanning his/her identification, shipment package identification, an RFID tag/chip, a mobile phone, or any other form of identification(s) associated with the shipment package, which is associated with the portable security system  101 B. Several other such examples where the embodiments herein can be used can be realized by a person skilled in the art, and each and every such example is not listed herein. 
     It should be noted that only the portable security system  101 B that is identified and/or requested is transitioned to protect-mode, and the operational mode of other sensors  104  of the security system  101  is not changed. Consider the case that the security system  101  is monitoring multiple portable security systems  101 B, for example, a first portable security system of a first vehicle, and a second portable security system of a second vehicle. A first authorized user associated with the first vehicle can transition the operational mode of the first security system from protect-mode to sleep-mode, and vice versa, and such transition does not affect the operational mode of the second security system. For example, the second security system can be in sleep-mode (or protect-mode) during such transitions with the first security system. Accordingly, the security system  101  can be dynamically expanded. 
     Further, the transition of the operational mode of the first security system does not affect the operational mode of other sensors  104  of the security system  101 . For example, if the security system  101  includes a door sensor, a window sensor, a motion sensor, etc., the operational mode of these sensors are not affected by the transition of the operational mode of the portable security system  101 B. 
     Once the portable security system  101 B is transitioned into the protect-mode, the central security system  101  monitors the portable security system  101 B for any security breach, at block  210 . The security breach can include the portable security system  101 B being displaced by more than a predetermined threshold, for example, over 5 meters, 10 meters, or any other such configurable threshold. The security breach can further include a break-in, glass-break, water-leak, an impact, or any other such events that are detected using one or more sensors  104 B of the portable security system  101 B. The base station  102  of the central security system  101  monitors the portable security system  101 B by monitoring if any of the sensors  104 B has detected any such security breach. In one or more embodiments, the sensors  104 B send an indication of the security breach to the base station  102 B of the portable security system  101 B, which in turn sends the notification of the security breach to the base station  102  of the central security system  101 . The monitoring is performed continuously. 
     At block  212 , if a security breach is not detected, the monitoring ( 210 ) continues as described herein, at least until a breach is detected or until the operating mode of the portable security system  101 B is changed. Alternatively, if a security breach is detected ( 212 ), the base station  102  sounds an alarm, at block  214 . The alarm can include generating an alarm event as described herein. 
     Accordingly, the central security system  101  can be expanded to monitor the security of the item  130 , for example, the vehicle, using the portable security system  101 B that is associated with the item  130 . The alarm event that the central security system  101  generates is an improvement over the alarm event that the portable security system  101 B typically generates. For example, the alarm event that the portable security system  101 B generates is local, such as, an audible alarm, whereas the central security system  101  can generate a multifaceted alarm event as described herein, that can even result in security personnel intervening the security breach. 
     Further, at block  216 , the central security system  101  changes the portable security system  101 B into the sleep-mode upon receiving an instruction to do so. The instruction can be received via the control device  105  or the sensors  104  of the central security system  101 . Alternatively, the instruction can be received via a device in the parking garage (e.g., a parking meter), or any other such device. Alternatively, the instruction can be provided via the base station  102 B, the sensors  104 B, or any other device of the portable security system  101 B. In one or more embodiments, the central security system  101  validates that the instruction is received from an authorized user/device associated with the portable security system  101 B. Accordingly, the central security system  101  ensures that only an authorized user is able to change the operational mode of the item  130 . 
     Further, at block  220 , the base station  102  removes the portable security system  101 B from the list  250  of sensors  104  of the central security system  101 . In an embodiment, the base station  102  removes the portable security system  101 B from the list  250  in response to an instruction to remove the portable security system  101 B, which is separate from the instruction to transition the portable security system  101 B into the sleep-mode. In another embodiment, the instruction to remove the portable security system  101 B can be combined with the instruction to transition the portable security system  101 B into the sleep-mode. Once, the portable security system  101 B is removed from the list  250 , the base station  102  of the central security system  101  does not monitor the portable security system  101 B for security breaches. The base station  102  does not monitor the portable security system  101 B also in the sleep-mode; however, in the portable security system  101 B can be transitioned back to the protect-mode from the sleep-mode causing the base station  102  to restart the monitoring. In an embodiment, the base station  102  sends a confirmation to the portable security system  101 B that it has been removed as one of the sensors  104 . 
       FIG.  4    depicts a state transition diagram for the various states in which the portable security system  101 B can be programmed according to one or more embodiments. The portable security system  101 B can be placed in the protect-mode ( 1004 ) at the initial identification and addition of the portable security system  101 B to the central security system  101 . The authorized user can transition the portable security system  101 B, from the protect-mode, into the sleep-mode ( 1010 ) once monitoring is to be stopped. Alternatively, if the item  130  is accessed in an unauthorized manner, i.e., displaced beyond a threshold, without providing authorization, the portable security system  101 B, and in turn, the central security system  101 , enters into the alarm-mode ( 1002 ). The alarm is sounded in the alarm-mode ( 1002 ), including a local audiovisual notification, remote audiovisual notification, requesting security personnel (e.g., police) to intervene, etc. The shipment device  130  can be transitioned from the alarm-mode ( 1002 ) to the sleep-mode ( 1010 ) by providing authorization, for example, security code, scanning identification, or in any other manner. 
     Turning now to  FIG.  5   , a computer system  300  is generally shown in accordance with an embodiment. The computer system  300  can be used as a base station, sensor, or the security system(s) as described herein. The computer system  300  can be an electronic, computer framework comprising and/or employing any number and combination of computing devices and networks utilizing various communication technologies, as described herein. The computer system  300  can be easily scalable, extensible, and modular, with the ability to change to different services or reconfigure some features independently of others. The computer system  300  may be, for example, a server, desktop computer, laptop computer, tablet computer, or smartphone. In some examples, computer system  300  may be a cloud computing node. Computer system  300  may be described in the general context of computer system executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, and so on that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Computer system  300  may be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer system storage media including memory storage devices. 
     As shown in  FIG.  5   , the computer system  300  has one or more central processing units (CPU(s))  301   a ,  301   b ,  301   c , etc. (collectively or generically referred to as processor(s)  301 ). The processors  301  can be a single-core processor, multi-core processor, computing cluster, or any number of other configurations. The processors  301 , also referred to as processing circuits, are coupled via a system bus  302  to a system memory  303  and various other components. The system memory  303  can include a read only memory (ROM)  304  and a random access memory (RAM)  305 . The ROM  304  is coupled to the system bus  302  and may include a basic input/output system (BIOS), which controls certain basic functions of the computer system  300 . The RAM is read-write memory coupled to the system bus  302  for use by the processors  301 . The system memory  303  provides temporary memory space for operations of said instructions during operation. The system memory  303  can include random access memory (RAM), read only memory, flash memory, or any other suitable memory systems. 
     The computer system  300  comprises an input/output (I/O) adapter  306  and a communications adapter  307  coupled to the system bus  302 . The I/O adapter  306  may be a small computer system interface (SCSI) adapter that communicates with a hard disk  308  and/or any other similar component. The I/O adapter  306  and the hard disk  308  are collectively referred to herein as a mass storage  310 . 
     Software  311  for execution on the computer system  300  may be stored in the mass storage  310 . The mass storage  310  is an example of a tangible storage medium readable by the processors  301 , where the software  311  is stored as instructions for execution by the processors  301  to cause the computer system  300  to operate, such as is described herein below with respect to the various Figures. Examples of computer program products and the execution of such instruction is discussed herein in more detail. The communications adapter  307  interconnects the system bus  302  with a network  312 , which may be an outside network, enabling the computer system  300  to communicate with other such systems. In one embodiment, a portion of the system memory  303  and the mass storage  310  collectively store an operating system, which may be any appropriate operating system, such as the z/OS or AIX operating system, to coordinate the functions of the various components shown in  FIG.  5   . 
     Additional input/output devices are shown as connected to the system bus  302  via a display adapter  315  and an interface adapter  316  and. In one embodiment, the adapters  306 ,  307 ,  315 , and  316  may be connected to one or more I/O buses that are connected to the system bus  302  via an intermediate bus bridge (not shown). A display  319  (e.g., a screen or a display monitor) is connected to the system bus  302  by a display adapter  315 , which may include a graphics controller to improve the performance of graphics intensive applications and a video controller. A keyboard  321 , a mouse  322 , a speaker  323 , etc. can be interconnected to the system bus  302  via the interface adapter  316 , which may include, for example, a Super I/O chip integrating multiple device adapters into a single integrated circuit. Suitable I/O buses for connecting peripheral devices such as hard disk controllers, network adapters, and graphics adapters typically include common protocols, such as the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI). Thus, as configured in  FIG.  5   , the computer system  300  includes processing capability in the form of the processors  301 , and, storage capability including the system memory  303  and the mass storage  310 , input means such as the keyboard  321  and the mouse  322 , and output capability including the speaker  323  and the display  319 . 
     In some embodiments, the communications adapter  307  can transmit data using any suitable interface or protocol, such as the internet small computer system interface, among others. The network  312  may be a cellular network, a radio network, a wide area network (WAN), a local area network (LAN), or the Internet, among others. An external computing device may connect to the computer system  300  through the network  312 . In some examples, an external computing device may be an external web server or a cloud computing node. 
     It is to be understood that the block diagram of  FIG.  5    is not intended to indicate that the computer system  300  is to include all of the components shown in  FIG.  5   . Rather, the computer system  300  can include any appropriate fewer or additional components not illustrated in  FIG.  5    (e.g., additional memory components, embedded controllers, modules, additional network interfaces, etc.). Further, the embodiments described herein with respect to computer system  300  may be implemented with any appropriate logic, wherein the logic, as referred to herein, can include any suitable hardware (e.g., a processor, an embedded controller, or an application specific integrated circuit, among others), software (e.g., an application, among others), firmware, or any suitable combination of hardware, software, and firmware, in various embodiments. 
       FIG.  6    depicts a block diagram of a portable security device  600  according to one or more embodiments. The portable security device  600  can be used as the portable security system  101 B. For example, the portable security device  600  can be placed inside, on, or in any other association with a vehicle, a boat, a shipment package, or any other item  130  that is to be protected. The portable security device  600  can communicate with the base station  102  of the central security system  101  to provide security protection to the item  130 , and further to expand the coverage of the central security system  101 . 
     The portable security device  600  includes a memory device  602 , and a processor  604 . The portable security device  600  also includes a power source  620  that provides electric power to the processor  604 , the memory device  602 , and other components of the portable security device  600 . The power source  620  can be charged using an electric connection (not shown), solar power, or any other source of power. The processor  604  can include several processing units, such as one or more processing cores, a graphics processing unit, a digital signal processing unit, an arithmetic logic unit, and other such types of processing units. The processor  604  is coupled with the memory device  602  to facilitate execution of one or more computer executable instructions. In one or more embodiments, the memory device  602  includes computer executable instructions. 
     The memory device  602  can include volatile memory and non-volatile memory. In one or more embodiments of the invention, data stored on the non-volatile memory may be encrypted. 
     In addition, the portable security device  600  includes a set of sensors  640 . The set of sensors can include a location sensor  606 , a gyroscope  608 , an accelerometer  610 , an image sensor  612  (camera) and other sensors. The portable security device  600  also includes an audio emitting device  614 , such as an audio speaker. The portable security device  600  further includes a light emitting device  618 , such as a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, or any other type of visual indicator. The light emitting device  618  can be caused to light up, start flashing, or perform any other pattern to indicate a visual warning. In an embodiment, the visual warning may be for a camera or another sensor of the central security system  101 . In one or more embodiments, the light emitting device  618  emits light using a frequency that is not visible to human eye, for example, using an infrared frequency. Alternatively, or in addition, the light emitting device  618  emits a notification that can be seen by human eye. The portable security device  600  also includes a keypad  650 . The keypad  650  can include one or more buttons or other user interface elements. 
     The portable security device  600  includes a communication module  616  that facilitates one or more modes of communication to/from the processor  604  with one or more external devices. For example, the communication module  616  can facilitate a wired communication. In addition, the communication module  616  can facilitate wireless communication. For example, the communication module  616  can communicate signals for reception by the base station  102  of the central security system  101  using the Internet using Wi-Fi, LTE, 3G, or any other type of communication networks. The communication module  616  can also include hardware and corresponding software that facilitate near field communication, using communication protocols such as BLUETOOTH, Z-WAVE, or any other such communication protocols. The communication module  616  facilitates communication to/from the portable security device  600 . 
     The communication module  616  facilitates external devices, such as the base station  102  to send signals and data to the portable security device  600 . For example, the base station  102  can configure the portable security device  600 . Such configuring can include changing an operational mode of the portable security device  600 . Configuring the portable security device  600  includes transferring data that can include one or more computer executable instructions to the portable security device  600 . In addition, the data can include images, codes, parameter values (text, numbers, or other characters), and other such data that is used during execution of one or more computer executable instructions by the processor  604 . 
     The portable security device  600  can operate in the protect-mode and the sleep-mode among other modes. The portable security device  600  can be put in one of the modes by sending a signal to change the operational mode. Such a signal can be sent via the communication module  616 . Alternatively, or in addition, such a signal can be input via the keypad  650 . 
     In the protect-mode the portable security device  600  secures the item  130  that is assigned to the portable security device  600  by monitoring the sensors  640 . In the sleep-mode the sensors  640  are not monitored. 
     In the protect-mode, the processor  604 , using the sensors  640 , detects a security breach of the item  130 . For example, if the movement of the item  130  is beyond a predetermined threshold, the processor  604  raises an alarm. For example, the audio speaker  614  can be used to generate an audible alarm. In addition, or alternatively, the processor  604  can send a notification to the base station  102  as part of the alarm. In addition, or alternatively, the processor  604  can send a notification to the authorized user. The security breach that is detected can be different from the movement beyond a threshold. For example, the security breach can include an event such as glass breakage, door opening, window opening, hit-and-run, or any other event detected by the sensors of the portable security device  600 . 
     The portable security device  600  can further provide an audio/visual notification that can deter a theft of the item  130 . For example, the audio speaker  614  and/or the light emitting device  618  can provide the audiovisual notification. The audiovisual notification can include an alarm sound, a flashing light pattern, or any other combination. 
     In addition, the portable security device  600  can be monitored using a base station  102  of the central security system  101 . In such cases, the portable security device  600  can send a notification to the base station  102  that causes the base station  102  to sound an alarm as per one or more settings of the security system  101 . In an embodiment, the notification to the base station  102  can be sent via a communication protocol such as BLUETOOTH, Z-WAVE, ZIGBEE, or any other such communication protocols that can be used for secure communication between security devices. Alternatively or in addition, the portable security device  600  can provide the notification to the base station  102  using the audio speakers  614  and/or the light emitting device  618 . For example, the portable security device  600  can emit an audio or visual signal that is recognized by one or more sensors  104  of the central security system  101 , that in turn, cause the base station  102  to sound the alarm. In an example, the audio/light signal(s) emitted by the portable security device  600  cannot be heard or seen by human eye. 
     Further, the communication can also be delivered to the authorized user listed in the database  250 . The communication can be sent as a notification to a communication device, such as a phone, wearable, etc., using one or more communication protocols/techniques. For example, the communication can be sent using short messaging service (SMS), instant message, email, phone call, application-notification, or using any other communication technique. 
     The portable security device  600  facilitates ensuring that the item  139  is secured by the central security system  101  of a premise, such as a building where the item  130  is in the vicinity of the premise, as described herein. 
     For example, consider an example scenario where a user drives a vehicle to a restaurant. The user adds a portable security system associated with the vehicle to a central security system provided by the restaurant, parking garage, government, or any other parking facility provider. In one embodiment, the portable security system can be a security system that is inbuilt in the vehicle. Alternatively, the portable security system is a portable security device that is placed in the vehicle. The portable security device can belong to the user, the parking facility provider, or any other entity. The user can have the portable security device to transition into protect-mode until the user is at the restaurant (or any other store, office, etc.). Once the user has completed his/her visit, the user can have the portable security device transition back to sleep-mode, and use his/her vehicle. It should be noted that although a particular example scenario is described, other such application scenarios where one or more embodiments described herein are used to protect an item by dynamically expanding a central security system would be obvious to a person skilled in the art. 
     Embodiments of the technical solutions described herein provide a practical application to prevent a security-breach in areas that are typically left unattended by existing security systems by facilitating an expandable security system that can cascade multiple security systems together. Embodiments described herein facilitate a security system to be expanded so that the premises that are protected by the security system can be dynamically adjusted. For example, additional security systems can be added to a base station of security system that is assigned to protect a building. The additional security systems can be associated with one or more items/entities that are in the areas such as driveway, parking garage, yard, or other such typically unattended areas. The base station adds the security systems as sensors. A security-breach associated with the additional security systems is handled by the base station as a trigger to raise an alarm of its own. Accordingly, embodiments described herein provide a dynamic extension/expansion of security of a movable object, such as a vehicle, boat, package, etc. 
     Further, embodiments described herein facilitate a security system to monitor only a subset of the sensors that are dynamically added and/or removed from the security system. In comparison, in existing security systems, either all sensors of a security system are monitored or none. 
     It should be noted that during all of the operations described herein, the base station can facilitate a predetermined duration to pass before a transitioning an additional security system from one state to another. For example, when transitioning the additional security system from one mode (e.g., sleep-mode) to another (e.g., protect-mode), sounding an alarm, or any other such state transition, the base station waits for at least the predetermined duration before the state is updated. The base station may provide an indication of the transition, for example, via an audible or visual notification. The notification can be provided via the speakers  114 , the lights  116 , and/or the second security system  101 B. 
     Various embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to the related drawings. Alternative embodiments of the invention can be devised without departing from the scope of this invention. Various connections and positional relationships (e.g., over, below, adjacent, etc.) are set forth between elements in the following description and in the drawings. These connections and/or positional relationships, unless specified otherwise, can be direct or indirect, and the present invention is not intended to be limiting in this respect. Accordingly, a coupling of entities can refer to either a direct or an indirect coupling, and a positional relationship between entities can be a direct or indirect positional relationship. Moreover, the various tasks and process steps described herein can be incorporated into a more comprehensive procedure or process having additional steps or functionality not described in detail herein. 
     The following definitions and abbreviations are to be used for the interpretation of the claims and the specification. As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” “contains” or “containing,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, a mixture, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, mixture, process, method, article, or apparatus. 
     Additionally, the term “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance or illustration.” Any embodiment or design described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. The terms “at least one” and “one or more” may be understood to include any integer number greater than or equal to one, i.e. one, two, three, four, etc. The terms “a plurality” may be understood to include any integer number greater than or equal to two, i.e. two, three, four, five, etc. The term “connection” may include both an indirect “connection” and a direct “connection.” 
     The terms “about,” “substantially,” “approximately,” and variations thereof, are intended to include the degree of error associated with measurement of the particular quantity based upon the equipment available at the time of filing the application. For example, “about” can include a range of ±8% or 5%, or 2% of a given value. 
     For the sake of brevity, conventional techniques related to making and using aspects of the invention may or may not be described in detail herein. In particular, various aspects of computing systems and specific computer programs to implement the various technical features described herein are well known. Accordingly, in the interest of brevity, many conventional implementation details are only mentioned briefly herein or are omitted entirely without providing the well-known system and/or process details. 
     The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computer program product at any possible technical detail level of integration. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium (or media) having computer-readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention. 
     The computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium includes the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as punch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construed as being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through a wire. 
     Computer-readable program instructions described herein can be downloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computer-readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprise copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer-readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer-readable program instructions for storage in a computer-readable storage medium within the respective computing/processing device. 
     Computer-readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembler instructions, instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine-dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, configuration data for integrated circuitry, or either source-code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++, or the like, and procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The computer-readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user&#39;s computer, partly on the user&#39;s computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user&#39;s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user&#39;s computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer-readable program instruction by utilizing state information of the computer-readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, in order to perform aspects of the present invention. 
     Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions. 
     These computer-readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer-readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises an article of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects of the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
     The computer-readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
     The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
     The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments described herein.