Patent Publication Number: US-10328663-B2

Title: Plant irrigation device

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/186,000, filed Jun. 29, 2015. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to devices and systems for distributing water for the irrigation of cultivated plants. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an efficient irrigation device that limits evaporation, directs water to the roots of the plants, and controls weeds. 
     There are many different systems in use today for distributing water for the irrigation of cultivated plants, some of the systems being more effective and efficient than others. As water conservation increasingly becomes more important due to drought conditions and resulting city water use restrictions, there is a need for new devices and methods meant to very efficiently irrigate plants by not wasting water, but at the same time effectively providing the plants with enough water to keep them healthy. 
     A common method of watering plants is by hand. Conventional garden hoses or watering buckets are used for watering trees, shrubs, flowers, garden plants, etc. While this method delivers water directly to the plants, preventing water from being wasted where it is not needed, it is very time consuming and also wasteful in other ways. Irrigating plants in this way delivers water at a rate that is often too high to allow the soil and plant roots time to effectively absorb the water. Consequently, the resulting standing water is prone to evaporation or runoff. 
     Another common method of watering plants is by using sprinklers to simulate rainfall. While this method is effective for watering a large area of plants with little effort, it is also wasteful. Because the water is sprayed across the air in small droplets, it is more susceptible to evaporation, especially in dry climates. Also, the water droplets are not directed toward the roots of the plants where the water is most needed and much of the water is blocked from the roots by the plants&#39; foliage or lands in areas where it is not needed. Even in a slightest breeze, much of the water from sprinkler systems is blown off target and wasted. This is known as wind drift. 
     To help solve these problems drip irrigation systems have been developed and have been considered to be the most desirable form of irrigation. Drip irrigation systems are desirable because they have been shown to save water, reduce labor, and are not as prone to evaporation or other environmental effects as are other irrigation systems. Drip irrigation systems are categorized as either line source or point source dissipation systems. 
     Line source dissipation systems, often referred to as soaker hose or drip tape, dispense water uniformly across the entire length of the water lines. This system is often used to water plants that are planted in line and close together. The soaker hose efficiently waters the plants by dispensing water in small amounts to the roots of the plants. This allows for the soil and roots to soak up the water minimizing evaporation and runoff. However, this system presents a problem when plants are spaced further apart because water is dispensed in unwanted areas. 
     Point source dissipation systems are designed to dispense water for plants that are spaced further apart and in scattered patterns. Water impermeable tubes extend from a main tube to the base of a plant where they have a dripper attached. This dripper drips water at the base of a plant when the system is turned on. This effectively waters plants that are spaced further apart without wasting water; however, other problems are presented with this system. Oftentimes water is not evenly distributed to the roots resulting in the root system of the plants not developing uniformly. Also, a standard drip emitter still releases more water than the plants need and consequently the water is wasted through runoff or evaporation. Pulsed and “Ultra Low Drip Irrigation” systems have been developed to solve this problem, but they require a great deal of maintenance as the drippers are easily clogged. These are also prone to damage and vandalism. 
     In addition to watering systems, the present invention relates to weed control or to mulch. There are various forms of mulch used in the home landscaping industry with additional types produced for commercial agriculture applications. The benefits of mulching include less water evaporation, less weeds, soil warming, and heat retention leading to earlier and higher yields, erosion control, and a more uniform appearance. Types of mulch include organic, plastic film, and irrigated mats. 
     Organic mulch, such as hardwood bark and pine needles, tend to be the most aesthetically pleasing, but organic mulch does have drawbacks. For example, it tends to quickly degrade in the environment, to wash away with heavy rains, or even to blow away with heavy winds. 
     Plastic mulch includes agricultural film, rings, and geotextiles. These are effective weed barriers and are preferred in most commercial applications where they can be placed prior to planting. They are very effective at preventing soil erosion and provide weed control while minimizing surface water evaporation. The perforated or woven versions, which are air and water permeable, are proving to be less desirable as weeds take root through the pores and cannot be removed. 
     To solve the problems presented by the drip systems and to combine the benefits of mulch with drip irrigation, mat watering systems have been developed. These systems provide for very little water waste as the water delivered to the plant is controlled by the mat, preventing over-watering. Also, since the mat is covering the dispensed water and the ground, water evaporation is not a problem. Since the mat is a form of mulch, it also acts as a weed controlling device as it prevents weeds from growing on the ground it covers. 
     One such mat watering system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,997,402 to Kruer et al., which teaches a unitized mat of at least two polymeric material layers which are sized and shaped to cover an area immediately around at least one plant. The layers have an aperture for the plant to grow through and also an overlapping seam allowing the mat to completely cover the soil around the base of the plant. Fluid-conveying passageways are molded into at least one of these polymeric layers, which are meant to dispense and meter fluid into a root zone of the plant. 
     This mat system, however, has a number of disadvantages. The polymeric material layers that make up the mat are impervious to liquids and gases, which is not conducive to the overall health of the plant. For a plant to thrive, it needs the soil around its roots to contain a range of oxygen, nitrogen, and other gases that support the microbe environment of the soil. When an air impermeable mat is placed over the soil that blocks the passage of air to and from the soil, there is a risk that the microbe environment of the soil around the root system of the plant will not be supported and consequently, the plant will not thrive. This mat system also has the water-conveying passages molded into the layers, requiring a more complicated manufacturing process. For example, there have to be a number of different molds designed depending on the type of plant that will be watered by the mat. There also have to be different molds for the top layer and bottom layer of each type of mat. Additionally, when bonding the top layer to the bottom layer, extra care must also be taken to ensure that all of the areas are bound except for the water passageways. 
     Accordingly, there is a need for a device that provides the benefits of a typical mat watering system, but also is permeable to air to be conducive to soil and air gas exchange. There is also a need for a mat watering device that is inexpensive and simple to manufacture. The present invention fulfills these needs and provides other related advantages. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to an irrigation device for facilitating growth of a plant in the form of a mat watering system. The invention generally comprises a mat comprised of a material that is air and water permeable. The mat has an opening through which a plant extends, so that the mat substantially surrounds a base of the plant. A slit is formed in the mat to facilitate placement of the mat around an existing plant. A drip tube is disposed within the mat between the upper and lower surfaces. The drip tube has an open end connectable to a water source, and a series of apertures or water emitters along a length thereof within the mat permitting water to exit the drip tube and through the lower surface of the mat. 
     Stakes may extend through the mat for directing water into the ground toward roots of an associated plant. The stakes may comprise channels directing the water downwardly along a length of the stake. The stakes may be hollow and have an inlet for receiving water from the drip tube and at least one water outlet. 
     The water source may comprise an upper tube of landscape edging to which the open end of the drip tube is operably connected. 
     Water emitter nozzles may be operably connected to the drip tube for spraying water therefrom. 
     The drip tube may be connected to a substantially rigid support. The support may define an open-face channel configured to receive the drip tube therein and having a plurality of water outlet apertures formed along a length thereof. 
     The mat may be comprised of a first sheet of landscape fabric material defining an upper mat surface, and a second sheet of landscape fabric material attached to the first sheet of landscape fabric material and defining the lower mat surface. The first and second sheets of the landscape fabric material are air and water permeable. At least one of the first and second sheets of landscape fabric material inhibits roots or plants from growing therethrough. The first and second sheets of landscape fabric material may be heat fused to one another, such as along outer and inner peripheral edges, so as to sandwich the drip tube therebetween. Various methods of fusing the sheets of landscape fabric include heat sealing and mechanical techniques and may include RF welding or ultrasonic welding, thermal bonding, laser enhanced bonding, adhesive bonding, sewing, hot melt adhesive, pressure sensitive adhesive however the preferred method is impulse sealing. 
     The mat may comprise a honeycomb filter material woven to create openings and passageways to permit roots or plants to grow therethrough. 
     Artificial turf having a substantially same configuration as the mat may be disposable over the mat. 
     Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following more detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. In such drawings: 
         FIG. 1  is a top view of an irrigation mat device for watering plants, embodying the present invention; 
         FIG. 2  is an exploded perspective view of the mat, and an artificial turf overlay; 
         FIG. 3  is a top plan view of a drip tube having a plurality of water emitters embedded therein, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 3A  is a cross-sectional view of area “ 3 A” of  FIG. 3 , illustrating a water emitter within a drip tube, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a top perspective view of an irrigation mat device embodying the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of an irrigation mat device positioned around a plant, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a view similar to  FIG. 5 , but illustrating mulch being placed over the mat, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 7  is an environmental perspective view of a mat embodying the present invention designed to fit inside planting pots, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 8  is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of an irrigation mat device disposed above ground and having a stake extending therethrough and channeling water into the ground, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 9  is an exploded perspective view illustrating component parts that can comprise an irrigation mat device of the present invention; 
         FIG. 10  is an environmental view of an irrigation mat device having deep watering stakes, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 11  is a top perspective view of a drip tube used in accordance with the present invention, and having a water dispersing sleeve wrapped around the tubing; 
         FIG. 12  is a top plan view of drip tubing having netting attached thereto, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 13  is a top plan view of a rigid support having a drip tube attached thereto, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 14  is an enlarged view of area “ 14 ”, illustrating the drip tube clipped to the support; 
         FIG. 15  is an exploded perspective view of a drip tube which is received within an open-face channel of a support, having a plurality of water outlet apertures formed along a length thereof, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 16  is an exploded perspective view similar to  FIG. 15 , but illustrating sheets of material sandwiching the drip tube and support channel; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective view of a rigid support structure having a plurality of hollow spikes extending downwardly therefrom, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 18  is an enlarged view of a drip tube and spike of  FIG. 17 ; 
         FIG. 19  is a top perspective view of an irrigation mat device embodying the present invention having water spray emitter nozzles, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 20  is an enlarged view of area “ 20 ” of  FIG. 19 , illustrating an emitter; 
         FIG. 21  is a top perspective view of another irrigation mat device embodying the present invention and having water emitters; 
         FIG. 22  is a cross-sectional view taken generally along line  22 - 22  of  FIG. 21 , illustrating a tube within the irrigation mat device; 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of an irrigation mat device which permits roots and/or plant material to grow therethrough, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 23A  is an enlarged perspective view of an area of  FIG. 23 , illustrating the open weave nature of the mat; 
         FIG. 24  is an environmental view of a plurality of irrigation mat devices connected together as part of an irrigation system, in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 25  is an environmental view of another irrigation system, embodying the present invention; 
         FIG. 26  is an enlarged view of area “ 26 ” of  FIG. 25 , illustrating a water conveying edging, used in accordance with the present invention; 
         FIG. 27  is another irrigation mat device embodying the present invention, which accommodates a plurality of plants along a length thereof, in accordance with the present invention; and 
         FIG. 28  is another irrigation mat device embodying the present invention for use in association with multiple plants in a simultaneous manner. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As shown in the drawings, for exemplary purposes, the present invention is directed to an irrigation device in the form of a watering mat that efficiently irrigates and waters plants associated with the mat. Typically, the mat is designed so as to inhibit weeds or root growth therethrough as well. The irrigation mat device of the present invention provides an efficient way to irrigate plants by optimizing water release rates, preventing water evaporation, preventing water runoff, and helping to control weeds while being simple in design so as to be easy to manufacture and install. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 1-4 , a particularly preferred embodiment of the irrigation device of the present invention is shown.  FIGS. 1 and 4  illustrate top perspective views of the device, which comprises a mat  10  in an assembled state having an opening  12 , typically centrally located within the mat  10 , through which a plant extends. A slit  14  extends between the opening  12  and an outer edge  16  of the mat, the slit enabling the mat  10  to be opened so as to facilitate placement of the mat  10  around an existing plant, such that a base of the plant extends through the opening  12 . The mat is placed on a ground surface surrounding the plant so as to typically prevent weed growth around the plant, which would compete with the plant for water, nutrients and the like. Moreover, the mat  10  surrounds the plant so as to overlie a root zone of the plant and provide water and irrigate the root zone of the plant, without unnecessarily watering or irrigating areas between plants, which in conventional irrigation practices is wasted either due to evaporation, or promoting weed growth and the like. 
     The mat  10 , as illustrated, is typically generally circular or C-shaped as most plants&#39; root zones are below the plant. However, the device of the present invention is not limited to such a configuration and can have different configurations, as needed. Moreover, the mat device  10  of the present invention can be provided in differing sizes such that the central opening  12  is smaller or larger depending upon the plant the device  10  is to be used in association with, as well as having a smaller or larger overall diameter so as to accommodate different plants, shrubs, trees and the like. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 2 , the mat device  10  of the present invention is typically comprised of an upper first sheet of material  18  which is air and water permeable and a lower second sheet of material  20  which is also air and water permeable. These sheets of material  18  and  20  are cut to the desired size and configuration of the mat device  10 . They also include the central opening  12  and the slit  14 . 
     The sheets of material  18  and  20  may be comprised of a landscape fabric, such as a geotextile fabric. Such fabrics can be non-woven and woven. The non-woven fabrics are often fabricated by using a spun-bonded method, which sandwiches melt-blown material. For example, polyethylene, polyester, polypropylene materials or combinations thereof may be spun-bonded to create a filter-type fabric which blocks sunlight and is sufficiently tight in nature so as to prevent weeds from growing, but also air and moisture permeable. Such may be in the form of a polypropylene fleece. Tightly woven mesh fabrics that are sufficiently strong and prevent weed or root growth therethrough, while still being air and water permeable may also be used. Such materials and fabrics provide distinct advantages over other materials, such as plastic. While sheets of plastic stop weeds, it also keeps air and water away from the soil, so plant-killing diseases develop. Landscape or geotextile fabrics used in accordance with the present invention facilitate air, water and moisture, and nutrient and healthy organism growth beneath the fabric so that the associated plant can grow and thrive. It will be appreciated that while both sheets of material  18  and  20  may inhibit root and weed growth therethrough, only one of the sheets of fabric  18  or  20  is required to have such characteristics and achieve the purposes of the present invention. 
     With continuing reference to  FIG. 2 , an irrigation drip tube  22  is sandwiched between the upper and lower sheets of material  18  and  20 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , the drip tube  22  is formed into a configuration substantially that of the overall mat  10 . As illustrated in  FIG. 2 , a single tube is bent into a generally C-shaped configuration, with sections of tubing being spaced apart from one another for enhanced water coverage, and the open ends being attached to a barbed tee connector  24 . The tee connector  24  is connected to tubing  26  which is connected to a source of water. Thus, a closed-loop, which may be single, spaced apart, or spiraled or the like is formed between the upper and lower sheets of fabric material  18  and  20 . The tube is typically comprised of polyethylene, such as being one quarter inch in diameter, although different materials and sizes may be utilized. 
     With reference to  FIG. 3 , in a particularly preferred embodiment, emitters  28  are formed integrally with the tubing  22  which have outlets  30  which fluidly communicate with apertures  32  in the drip tubing  22  so that water can exit therethrough. The emitters  28  comprise a section of rigid tubing having a cross-sectional diameter which is larger than that of the drip tube  22 . The emitters  28  have the characteristic of being self-flushing and avoiding clogging.  FIG. 3A  illustrates a cross-sectional view of the relationship between the emitter  28  and the tubing  22 . For convenience and clarity of illustration, the various drip tubes  22  illustrated herein do not show the emitters  28 , although it will be appreciated that the embedded emitters can be incorporated into each of these embodiments and the use of the embedded emitters is a particularly preferred embodiment. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 4 , in the illustrated embodiment, the upper and lower sheets of fabric material  18  and  20  are attached to one another so as to sandwich and retain the drip tube  22  therebetween. While this may be done in a variety of manner and used in a variety of methods, in the embodiment illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the first and second sheets of landscape fabric  18  and  20  are heat fused to one another. Such a heat fusion weld  34  is typically formed adjacent to the inner and outer peripheral edges, as illustrated in  FIG. 4 . Other heat fusion welds  34  may be formed intermediate these inner and outer edges so as to retain the drip tube  22  in place and attach the sheets of fabric material  18  and  20  to one another. 
     A method of fabricating the mat  10  illustrated in  FIGS. 1-4  is to cut the upper and lower fabric layers  18  and  20  to the desired shape. A length of drip tubing corresponding to the size of the mat  10  is formed into the desired configuration with both ends being inserted into the barbed tee connector  24  so as to create a single open end and a closed loop. Typically, an additional section of tubing  26  is connected to the tee connector  24  for coupling to the water source. The drip tubing is placed onto the lower sheet of fabric  20 , and the upper sheet of fabric is properly positioned over the lower sheet of fabric  20 , such that the upper and lower sheets  18  and  20  are generally aligned with one another, whereupon heat fusion welds  34  are created that adhere the upper and lower sheets  18  and  20  to one another, sandwiching the drip tube  22  therebetween.  FIG. 4  illustrates a completed irrigation mat device embodying the present invention utilizing this method. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 5 and 6 , an irrigation mat device  10  embodying the present invention is shown disposed around the base of a plant  2 , in accordance with the present invention. The area of the plant  2  which is covered by the mat device  10  will have weeds and roots inhibited from growing there. Moreover, as water is fed through tube  26  and into the mat device  10 , water flows through the water emitters  28  and the drip tube, substantially soaking at least the lower sheet of fabric material  20  so that a substantially even amount of water is conveyed to the roots of the plant below the mat  10 . 
     Typically, covering material  36 , such as mulch, gravel, decomposed granite or the like is placed over the mat device  10 . This not only serves the purpose of providing an aesthetically pleasing look, but also further reduces evaporation of moisture and water from the mat  10 . With reference again to  FIG. 2 , where the plant  2  is within a section of lawn, a section of artificial turf  38  having a configuration matching that of the mat device  10  and also having an opening  40  through which the plant extends and a slit  42  for opening the section of artificial turf  38  so as to be disposed around the plant and over the mat may be utilized so as to give the appearance of a continuous area of lawn and turf, including immediately surrounding the plant. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 7 , the irrigation mat device  10  of the present invention may not only be used in connection with plants which are planted and growing within the ground, but also within containers  4 . Although the mat may be generally circular, it may also have a configuration substantially matching that of the container  4 , such as being generally square as illustrated in  FIG. 7 . Such may be used individually for planters at a residence or business establishment, or it is also contemplated that a series of mats  10  embodying the present invention may be used with a large number of containers, such as at a nursery or the like. Use of the irrigation mat device  10  of the present invention with containers  4  provides the same advantages as with plants growing in the ground, namely, predictable water flow rates, efficient use of water while avoiding evaporation, and prevention of weeds. 
     With reference again to  FIGS. 1 and 4 , the irrigation mat devices  10  may include anchor apertures  44  formed therein for the insertion of pins or stakes or the like for holding the mat  10  in place. Such apertures may be surrounded by grommets  46 . With reference to  FIG. 8 , a stake  48  is shown extending through the mat  10 , such as through anchor aperture  44 , and into the ground below the mat  10 . It has been found that the stakes  48  can serve to direct water from the mat  10  into the ground and towards the roots of the plant. The configuration of the stakes  48  may be such so as to facilitate this. The stakes may include channels  50  formed along the length thereof which serve to direct the water downwardly along the length of the stake, as shown by the directional arrows in  FIG. 8 . The stakes may also include upwardly directed barbs  52 , which enable easy insertion of the stake into the ground, but resist the stake  48  being pulled from the ground as it is lifted, so as to retain the mat  10  in place. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 9 , a pad or layer of water dispersement material  54  may be disposed between the upper and lower sheets of fabric material  18  and  20  which can serve to capture the water emitted from the drip tube  22  and evenly distribute the water to the lower surface material  20 , or alternatively or in addition to have water retention properties so as to retain water and more slowly provide the water for irrigation purposes over a prolonged period of time as it seeps through the material  54  and lower fabric layer  20  by either gravitational forces or by virtue of the underlying ground being drier than these materials and wicking away the water. Polymers including polymer sand or gels may be added to increase water-holding properties of the mat. 
       FIG. 9  also illustrates the drip tube  22  operably connected to a main line  56  tube which provides water to individual mats  10 . Moreover, although the emitters  28  are self-flushing in nature, there may arise circumstances where additional flushing is necessary or the emitters are not used, and thus a flushing valve  58  may be provided at an end of the drip tube  22  which would allow the drip tubing to be cleared of debris that may accumulate therein. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 9 and 10 , it is contemplated by the present invention that hollow stakes or deep watering devices  60  be operably connected to the drip tube  22  of the mat  10 , such as by connecting tubes  62 . These hollow stakes or watering members  60  are hollow and have at least one water outlet  64  formed towards a lower end thereof. Typically, a series of outlet apertures  64  are formed. This allows water to be conveyed to areas that might not otherwise be dispersed by the mat, such as an area extending beyond the mat device  10 , or as a means of delivering water deeper into the ground and towards the roots of the plant  2  in a more speedily manner. Such hollow stake device watering members  60  may be used instead of the emitters  28  within the drip tube so as to be the only source of water, or may be used in addition to the water emitters  28  and the drip tube  22 . 
     With reference now to  FIG. 11 , it is contemplated that the drip tubing  22  may be comprised of perforated soaker hose, or comprised of a material which slowly releases water therefrom. Alternatively, as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , a sleeve  8  may be wrapped around the drip tubing, which is comprised of fleece or other material which has water holding and dispersement properties. The sleeve  68  may replace the water dispersement pad or material  54 . The sleeve  68  would become soaked along a length thereof, and serve to disperse water along the entire length of the sleeve, and not only at the water outlet apertures of the emitters  28 . However, the lower surface fabric material  20  can be selected such that it will substantially become soaked by the spaced apart water emitters  28  and substantially uniformly disperse water therefrom, whether such water is obtained from the water emitters  28  directly, apertures formed in the drip tubing  22 , sleeves  68 , or a water dispersement pad or material, such as sand or encapsulated polymer sand. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 12 , it is contemplated by the present invention that the drip tubing  22  be attached to a support, such as the illustrated netting  70 . The netting  70 , typically comprised of plastic, functions to hold the tubing  22  in the shape of the plant watering mat  10  and prevent the tubes  22  from coming close together and also retaining their desired shape and configuration. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 13 and 14 , another rigid support  72  is shown having a waffle-like configuration with a meshwork forming large apertures therein. The drip tubing  22  in this case is attached to the support  72  by means of clips  74  or other retaining means which holds the tubing  22  to the rigid support  72  in place in a desired shape and configuration. Such clips  74  could also comprise ties or fasteners which can be selectively mounted to both the support  72  and the drip tube  22  so as to create different configurations as deemed necessary. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 15 , yet another support  76  in the form of a rigid, open-faced channel is shown. The channel has a diameter and size which enables the drip tubing  22  to be placed therein and held in place. The rigid channel  76  is molded or otherwise formed in the desired configuration of the drip tube  22 . A series of apertures  78  are formed in the channel to serve as water outlet apertures as water is emitted from the drip tube  22 , such that the water may be conveyed to the other portions of the mat and/or ground surface. The supports illustrated in  FIGS. 12-15  may be sandwiched within the upper and lower layers  18  and  20  of fabric material to form part of the mat. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 17 and 18 , yet another rigid support  80  is shown, with integrally formed stakes in the form of hollow water directing members  82 . As can be seen in  FIG. 18 , water, shown by the directional arrows, flows from the drip tube  22 , positioned on the support  80 , into an open end or inlet  84  of the water directing member  82 , such that the water flows down into the water directing member and subsequently flows out of the water directing member, such as through outlets thereof. This provides a means for directing water deeper into the ground and towards the roots of the plant in an efficient manner. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 19 and 20 , the invention contemplates the use of spray water emitter nozzles which are operably connected to and extend from the tubing  22  and either drip water therefrom or spray water therefrom. Although such nozzles  86  could be sandwiched between the upper and lower layers of sheets of fabric material  18  and  20 , it is also contemplated that only a lower sheet of fabric material  20  would be used, wherein the tubing  22  and spray nozzles  86  are disposed thereon, such as illustrated in  FIG. 19 . This embodiment would serve to spray water onto the lower sheet of fabric material  20  as well as an area surrounding the mat. The lower sheet of material  20  could have the same characteristics as described above with respect to air and water permeability, yet preventing roots and weeds growing therethrough. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 21 and 22 , yet another embodiment of the irrigation mat device of the present invention is shown, wherein spray emitter nozzles  86  are operably attached to the tubing  22  and extend through a weighted collar  88 . The weighted collar  88  is typically disposed around an outer peripheral edge of the mat and serves to hold the mat in place. As illustrated, the water spray nozzles  86  may direct water inwardly towards the opening  12  and the plant. As illustrated in  FIG. 22 , the mat is still comprised of the upper and lower sheets of material  18  and  20 , but around the peripheral edge defining the weighted collar  88  material, such as sand or other such material  90  fills the collar  88  and gives it sufficient weight to hold the mat in place and support the spray nozzles  86 . 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 23 and 23A , yet another irrigation mat device  92  is shown with a central opening or aperture  12  and a slit  14  and having the drip tube  22  disposed therein. However, in this case, instead of being comprised of a material which inhibits roots or plants from growing therethrough, the mat  92  is comprised of a material which allows roots and plants to grow therethrough. Such might be the case, for example, in an area where there is lawn or turf or even wild grasses or other plants in which the grass or other plants are desired to grow around the tree, shrub or other plant which is irrigated by means of the mat  92 . Thus, for example, instead of utilizing the artificial turf  38  in  FIG. 2 , the mat  92  of  FIG. 23  could be used and grass allowed to grow therethrough over time. As illustrated in  FIG. 23A , the mat is comprised of a material  94  which is woven to create openings and passageways  96  to permit roots and plants to grow therethrough. The material  94  may be a honeycomb filter-type material. The material comprising the mat  92  is woven or otherwise formed in such a manner so as to create the passageways to permit roots and plants to grow therethrough. 
     With reference now to  FIG. 24 , an environmental view is shown of multiple irrigation mat devices  10  embodying the present invention operably placed around a plurality of plants  2  and connected to a main line  98  of a water source  100 , such as a spigot or the like. The main line  98  may be a hose or tube to which the smaller lines  26  extending from the mats  10  may be connected. This may be, for example, by means of T-junctions or any other means of fluidly coupling the tubes and lines to one another. In this manner, when the main source of water  100  is opened, all of the mats  10  receive water, and thus irrigate the plants, creating an irrigation system which waters the plants simultaneously. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 25 and 26 , another irrigation system is shown, but in this case instead of a larger tube or hose being utilized instead the tubes or lines  26  extending from mats  10  are operably connected to landscape edging  102 . The landscape edging includes a hollow tube  104  at a crown of a blade  106  thereof which extends into the soil or ground. The hollow tube  104  can convey water to supply to the mats  10 , while the blade  106  inserted into the soil presents an edge which prevents plant material from growing from one area into another, such as around the boundary of a garden bed and grass, for example. Utilizing such landscaping edging  102  can also be used to securely place the source of water in the ground which will not be easily moved. 
     With reference now to  FIGS. 27 and 28 , additional mats  108  and  110  embodying the present invention are shown. These mats are sized and configured so as to accommodate the watering and irrigation of multiple plants simultaneously, all of which extend through openings  112  of the mats. A tube or line  26  connected to a water source is connected to the drip line  22 , which extends through the mat  108  and  110 . Similar to that described above, water is emitted into the mat which can then irrigate the plants which extend through the openings  112  of the mats  27  and  28 . The openings  112  may not comprise enlarged openings or apertures, but instead slits into which small plants, seeds, etc. may be inserted and the plant allowed to grow up through the slits and openings  112 . This may be useful, for example, when planting seeds, small plants or bushes, which will be close to one another, such as in a flower bed or the like. 
     Although several embodiments have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.