Patent Publication Number: US-2020292741-A1

Title: Electronic device equipped with optical fingerprint sensor

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     Embodiments of the disclosure relate to an electronic device including an optical fingerprint sensor. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Electronic devices, such as mobile devices including smartphones, have become necessities of modern life, and technologies related to user authentication for protection of personal information have been actively developed. 
     Fingerprint recognition technology is included in most commonly used user authentication technologies. An electronic device including a fingerprint sensor to which the fingerprint recognition technology is applied may authenticate a user by comparing fingerprint information collected during user authentication with fingerprint information registered through a fingerprint registration process. 
     Meanwhile, in recent years, with an increase in the number of users who prefer large screens, research and development have been consistently conducted to increase the size of a screen in an electronic device such as a smartphone. For example, an electronic device may be equipped with an infinity display that occupies almost the entire front surface of the electronic device. 
     The electronic device equipped with the infinity display has no non-display area such as a bezel or has a small non-display area, and therefore a fingerprint sensor that is generally disposed in the non-display area may be disposed in a display area of a screen. Furthermore, an optical fingerprint sensor may be disposed in the display area of the screen, and thus a light source (e.g., a back light unit (BLU), a light emitting diode (LED), an organic light emitting diode (OLED), or the like) that is included in a display may be used without needing to dispose a separate light source for the optical fingerprint sensor. 
     DISCLOSURE 
     Technical Problem 
     However, in the case where the optical fingerprint sensor is disposed in the display area of the screen, it may be difficult to obtain a clear fingerprint image due to an optical characteristic (e.g., reflectivity) of a cover glass that forms the front exterior of the electronic device. 
     Embodiments of the disclosure may provide an electronic device including an optical fingerprint sensor for decreasing the amount of light reflected from the surface of a cover glass so as to be less affected by an optical characteristic of the cover glass. 
     Furthermore, embodiments of the disclosure may provide an electronic device including an optical fingerprint sensor for generating a three-dimensional fingerprint image to obtain a clearer fingerprint image. 
     Technical Solution 
     An electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a transparent member, a display that is disposed under the transparent member and that includes a plurality of pixels, an image sensor disposed under at least a partial area of the display, and an optical path layer disposed between the at least a partial area and the image sensor. The optical path layer includes an incident path of light that is formed such that, when light output through the plurality of pixels is reflected from the transparent member and an external object in contact with the transparent member, light reflected from the external object is delivered to the image sensor and light reflected from the transparent member is interrupted. 
     Furthermore, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a housing, a cover glass that forms the exterior of at least one surface of the housing, a display located inside the housing and under the cover glass and exposed through a first area of the cover glass, and an optical fingerprint sensor located inside the housing and under the display and, when viewed from above the cover glass, placed in a position aligned with a second area of the cover glass that is included in the first area. The optical fingerprint sensor includes an image sensor and an optical path layer located at the top of the image sensor, and the optical path layer has an incident path of light that is formed such that a chief ray angle (CRA) of light incident on the image sensor matches Brewster angle determined based on the cover glass and an air layer. 
     In addition, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure includes a housing, a cover glass that forms the exterior of at least one surface of the housing, a polarizer located inside the housing and under the cover glass, a polarization direction of the polarizer being a first direction, a display located inside the housing and under the polarizer and exposed through a first area of the cover glass, and an optical fingerprint sensor located inside the housing and under the display and, when viewed from above the cover glass, placed in a position aligned with a second area of the cover glass that is included in the first area. The optical fingerprint sensor includes an image sensor and an optical path layer located at the top of the image sensor. The optical path layer has an incident path of light that is formed such that a chief ray angle (CRA) of light incident on the image sensor matches Brewster angle determined based on the cover glass and an air layer. The image sensor includes a plurality of first pixels corresponding to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a second direction and a plurality of second pixels corresponding to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a third direction different from the second direction. 
     Advantageous Effects 
     According to the embodiments of the disclosure, the electronic device including the optical fingerprint sensor may decrease the amount of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass, thereby obtaining a clearer fingerprint image and thus improving a fingerprint recognition rate. 
     Furthermore, the electronic device including the optical fingerprint sensor may obtain a three-dimensional fingerprint image, thereby raising a fingerprint recognition rate and may easily distinguish a counterfeit fingerprint image, thereby improving the reliability of fingerprint recognition. 
     In addition, the disclosure may provide various effects that are directly or indirectly recognized. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a view illustrating an electronic device including an optical fingerprint sensor according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is an exploded perspective view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a side sectional view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 4A  is a view illustrating Brewster angle according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 4B  is a view illustrating Brewster angle depending on characteristics of mediums according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 4C  is a view illustrating reflection of light from a cover glass according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 5A  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a micro lens according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 5B  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a pin hole according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 5C  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a masked pin hole according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 6A  is a view illustrating the amount of incident light in a case of having a plane of incidence of light parallel to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 6B  is a view illustrating the amount of incident light in a case of having a plane of incidence of light perpendicular to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 7  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using an optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light parallel to a polarization direction and an optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light perpendicular to the polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 8A  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 8B  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using the optical fingerprint sensors having the incident paths of light in the different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 9A  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 9B  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using the optical fingerprint sensors having the incident paths of light in the different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 10  is a view illustrating a pixel of an optical fingerprint sensor including a plurality of sub-pixels according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 11  is a view illustrating a pixel of an optical fingerprint sensor including a plurality of sub-pixels according to an embodiment of the disclosure; 
         FIG. 12  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions parallel to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure; and 
         FIG. 13  is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments. 
     
    
    
     With regard to the description of the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals may be used to refer to identical or similar components. 
     MODE FOR INVENTION 
       FIG. 1  is a view illustrating an electronic device including an optical fingerprint sensor according to an embodiment of the disclosure,  FIG. 2  is an exploded perspective view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and  FIG. 3  is a side sectional view of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 1 to 3 , the electronic device  100  according to an embodiment may include a housing  110 , a cover glass  120 , an intermediate layer  130 , a display  140 , a back panel  150 , a bracket  160 , a printed circuit board  170 , the optical fingerprint sensor  171 , a battery  180 , and a back cover  190 . However, a configuration of the electronic device  100  is not limited thereto. According to various embodiments, the electronic device  100  may not include at least one of the aforementioned components and may further include at least one other component(s). 
     The housing  110  may include a first surface (hereinafter, referred to as a front surface) that faces a first direction, a second surface (hereinafter, referred to as a rear surface) that faces a second direction opposite to the first direction, and side surfaces that surround part of a space between the front surface and the rear surface. In this disclosure, the side surfaces refer to surfaces that are visually seen when a thin side of the electronic device  100  is viewed, the front surface refers to a surface through which a screen output through the display  140  is exposed to the outside, except for the side surfaces, and the rear surface refers to a surface opposite to the front surface. In some embodiments, part of the screen of the display  140  may be exposed to the outside through the rear surface and/or the side surfaces, but the front surface, unlike the rear surface and/or the side surfaces, may be implemented such that almost the entire area thereof outputs the screen of the display  140 . For example, almost the entire area of the front surface may be implemented as a display area  101 , and partial areas of the front surface may be implemented as non-display areas  103  and  105 .  FIG. 1  illustrates a state in which the first non-display area  103  is located on an upper side of the display area  101  and the second non-display area  105  is located on a lower side of the display area  101 . According to an embodiment of the disclosure, at least one of the first non-display area  103  or the second non-display area  105  may be omitted. For example, depending on the type of the electronic device  100 , at least one of the first non-display area  103  or the second non-display area  105  may be omitted, and the display area  101  may extend to the omitted area. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , the cover glass  120  may cover part of the exterior of the electronic device  100  to protect at least one component (e.g., the display  140 ) mounted in a housing (e.g., the housing  110  of  FIG. 1 ) from the outside. According to an embodiment, the cover glass  120  may be combined with the housing  110  having a space therein in which components of the electronic device  100  are received. For example, the cover glass  120  may form at least part of the front surface of the electronic device  100 . In another example, the cover glass  120  may form the entire front surface of the electronic device  100 . In another example, the cover glass  120  may form the front surface and a part of the side surfaces of the electronic device  100 . The cover glass  120  may be formed to be a substantially flat surface, and at least a part of an upper end, a lower end, a left end, and/or a right end of the cover glass  120  may be formed to be a curved surface. At least a partial area of the cover glass  120  may be formed of a transparent material (or a transparent member), and the screen output through the display  140  may be displayed to the outside through the transparent area of the cover glass  120 . For example, the cover glass  120  may be formed of a material such as reinforced glass, plastic (e.g., PET), aluminum oxide, or the like. 
     The intermediate layer  130  may include a bonding sheet  131  and a polarizer (or a polarizing filer)  133 . For example, the bonding sheet  131  may bond the polarizer  133  to the cover glass  120 . The polarizer  133  may include a linear polarizer film or a circular polarizer film. For example, the polarizer  133  may polarize incident light. 
     The display  140  may be disposed under the cover glass  120 . At least a part of a left end, a right end, an upper end, and/or a lower end of the display  140  may be bent to form a curved surface and may be mounted in the housing  110 . According to an embodiment, the display  140  may form an infinity display that occupies most of the front surface of the electronic device  100 . 
     The display  140  may display various types of contents. The display  140  may include a polymer layer, a plurality of display elements coupled to one surface of the polymer layer, and at least one conductive line coupled with the polymer layer and electrically connected with the plurality of display elements. The polymer layer may be formed of a flexible material such that at least part of the polymer layer is capable of being curved toward a rear surface thereof. According to an embodiment, the polymer layer may contain polyimide. The plurality of display elements may be arranged in a matrix form on the one surface of the polymer layer to form pixels of the display  140  and may contain fluorescent materials, organic fluorescent materials, or the like that are capable of representing colors. According to an embodiment, the plurality of display elements may include organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The conductive line may include at least one gate signal line or at least one data signal line. According to an embodiment, a plurality of gate signal lines and a plurality of data signal lines may be arranged in a matrix form, and the plurality of display elements may be arranged adjacent to the intersections where the gate signal lines and the data signal lines cross each other and may be electrically connected with the intersections. 
     According to an embodiment, the display  140  may be connected with a display driver IC (DDI). The display driver IC may be electrically connected with the conductive line. The display driver IC may include a driver IC that provides driving signals and image signals to the display  140  or a timing controller (T-con) that controls the driving signals and the image signals. The driver IC may include a gate driver IC that sequentially selects the gate signal lines of the display  140  and applies scan signals (or driving signals) to the gate signal lines and a data driver IC (or a source driver IC) that applies image signals to the data signal lines of the display  120 . According to an embodiment, when the gate driver IC selects the gate signal lines and applies scan signals to the gate signal lines to change the corresponding display elements into an activated state, the data driver IC may apply image signals to the corresponding display elements through the data signal lines. The timing controller may adjust transmission time of signals transmitted to the driver IC to prevent a difference in display time that is likely to occur in the process in which a screen is output on the display  140 . 
     The back panel  150  may include, for example, at least one of an embo sheet and a heat dissipation sheet. The heat dissipation sheet may be formed of a thermally conductive material (e.g., copper, graphite, or the like). The heat dissipation sheet may prevent heat radiating from the display  140  from being transferred to the other internal components of the electronic device  100 . According to an embodiment, an opening  151  may be formed in the back panel  150 . For example, the opening  151  may be formed in an opaque area of the back panel  150  to allow light to be incident on the optical fingerprint sensor  171  disposed under the display  140 . The opening  151  may be formed in a position aligned with a fingerprint sensing area  107  and the optical fingerprint sensor  171 . 
     The bracket  160  may have the same size as, or a size similar to, that of the cover glass  120  and may fix and support the display  140 . According to an embodiment, the bracket  160  may have a bonding material applied to at least a partial area thereof with which the display  140  is brought into contact, or may include a bonding layer on the at least a partial area of the bracket  160 , such that the display  140  is fixed to the bracket  160 . In some embodiments, the cover glass  120  may be fixed to the bracket  160  through a bonding member, a screw member, or the like. 
     The printed circuit board  170  may be disposed under the bracket  160 , and various types of electronic parts may be mounted on the printed circuit board  170 . For example, at least one electronic element, circuit line, or the like may be disposed on the printed circuit board  170 , and at least some thereof may be electrically connected. The electronic parts may include, for example, a processor, a memory, a communication module, or the like. According to various embodiments, the display driver IC may be electrically connected with the printed circuit board  170 , or may be disposed on the printed circuit board  170 . Furthermore, the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may also be electrically connected with the printed circuit board  170 . While  FIG. 2  illustrates an example that the printed circuit board  170  is implemented with one body, the disclosure is not limited thereto. According to various embodiments, a plurality of printed circuit boards  170  may be provided, and at least some of the printed circuit boards  170  may be electrically connected together. 
     The battery  180  may supply power to the electronic device  100 . For example, the battery  180  may be electrically connected with internal components of the electronic device  100  and may supply power to the internal components. 
     The back cover  190  may form the rear exterior of the electronic device  100 . According to an embodiment, the back cover  190  may be attached to, or detached from, the housing  110 . According to an embodiment, the back cover  190  may be fastened to the side surfaces of the housing  110  in the state of covering the rear surface of the housing  110 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 3 , the components of the electronic device  100  may be mounted in the housing  110  in the state of being stacked one above another. For example, the back panel  150  and the display  140  may be sequentially stacked and mounted on the bracket  160  mounted in the housing  110 , and the cover glass  120  may be fastened with the housing  110  in a form that covers the display  140 . At this time, the intermediate layer  130  may be disposed between the cover glass  120  and the display  140 . Furthermore, the printed circuit board  170  having various types of electronic parts mounted thereon and the battery  180  may be located under the bracket  160 , and the back cover  190  may be fastened with the housing  110  in a form that covers the printed circuit board  170  and the battery  180 . As illustrated in  FIG. 3 , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be located in the opening  151  formed in the back panel  150 . 
     When light emitted from a light source (e.g., an LED or an OLED included in the display  140 ) is reflected from a user&#39;s fingerprint, the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may sense the reflected light and may obtain a fingerprint image. The optical fingerprint sensor  171  may include a filter layer  171   a  (e.g., a Red˜IR cut filter) that interrupts light in a specified wavelength band, an optical path layer  171   b  including the path of light transmitted through the filter layer  171   a,  and an image sensor  171   c  that receives the light transmitted through the optical path layer  171   b.  However, a configuration of the optical fingerprint sensor  171  is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may not include the filter layer  171   a.    
     According to an embodiment, the optical path layer  171   b  may determine a path along which light is incident on the image sensor  171   c.  According to an embodiment, the incident path of light may be determined such that the chief ray angle (CRA) of the incident light matches Brewster angle. In this case, the image sensor  171   c  may obtain a clearer fingerprint image because the light incident on the image sensor  171   c  does not include most of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120 . 
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  171   c  may include a plurality of pixels that receive the incident light. In this case, the image sensor  171   c  may obtain a fingerprint image using at least some of the optical signals received by the pixels. The pixels may receive light incident in different directions, respectively. For example, among the pixels, a first pixel may receive light incident in a first direction, and a second pixel may receive light incident in a second direction. In another example, among the pixels, a first pixel may receive light incident in a first direction, a second pixel may receive light incident in a second direction, a third pixel may receive light incident in a third direction, and a fourth pixel may receive light incident in a fourth direction. 
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  171   c  may obtain one fingerprint image using a plurality of pixels that receive light incident in the same direction. For example, the image sensor  171   c  may obtain a first fingerprint image using a plurality of first pixels that receive light incident in the first direction, may obtain a second fingerprint image using a plurality of second pixels that receive light incident in the second direction, may obtain a third fingerprint image using a plurality of third pixels that receive light incident in the third direction, and may obtain a fourth fingerprint image using a plurality of fourth pixels that receive light incident in the fourth direction. 
     According to an embodiment, the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be electrically connected with the processor mounted on the printed circuit board  170 . Accordingly, the processor may receive a fingerprint image from the optical fingerprint sensor  171 . 
     According to an embodiment, the processor may collect fingerprint information by analyzing the fingerprint image. For example, the processor may recognize a ridge-valley pattern of a fingerprint in the fingerprint image and may collect fingerprint information on the lengths and directions of ridges included in the fingerprint or minutia points (e.g., a point at which ridges are split, a point at which ridges are connected, or a point at which a ridge ends). 
     According to an embodiment, the processor may receive a plurality of fingerprint images (e.g., the first fingerprint image, the second fingerprint image, the third fingerprint image, or the fourth fingerprint image) from the image sensor  171   c.  In this case, the processor may generate one clearer fingerprint image by a combination of the plurality of fingerprint images. Alternatively, the processor may generate one three-dimensional (3D) fingerprint image by a combination of the plurality of fingerprint images. 
     According to an embodiment, the processor may store, in the memory, at least one of the received fingerprint image, the generated fingerprint image, and the fingerprint information collected by analyzing the fingerprint image. 
     According to an embodiment, the processor may determine whether the user is authenticated, by comparing the received fingerprint image, the generated fingerprint image, or the fingerprint information collected by analyzing the fingerprint image with fingerprint-related information stored in the memory. 
       FIG. 4A  is a view illustrating Brewster angle according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4A , when light  471  is input from a first medium with a first refractive index n 1  to a second medium with a second refractive index n 2 , reflected light  475  may be polarized in a direction perpendicular to the plane of incidence if the angle of incidence is Brewster angle θ BO    491 . For example, even though the light  471  incident at Brewster angle  491  determined by characteristics of the first medium and the second medium includes a component (e.g., an S-wave component)  471   a  perpendicular to the plane of incidence and a component (e.g., a P-wave component)  471   b  parallel to the plane of incidence, the light  475  reflected from the interface between the first medium and the second medium may include only a component  475   a  perpendicular to the plane of incidence. That is, the component  471   b  parallel to the plane of incidence may be refracted and transmitted without being reflected. As in the upper drawing illustrated in  FIG. 4A , the reflected light  475  may include only the component  475   a  perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and light  473  refracted at the interface and transmitted through the interface may include both a component  473   a  perpendicular to the plane of incidence and a component  473   b  parallel to the plane of incidence. 
     The lower drawing illustrated in  FIG. 4A  is a graph depicting reflectivity versus angle of incidence. From the graph, it can be seen that the reflectivity for a parallel component P polarization  of light is 0% when the angle of incidence of the light is Brewster angle  491 . 
       FIG. 4B  is a view illustrating Brewster angle depending on characteristics of mediums according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4B , Brewster angle may be differently determined depending on the characteristics of the mediums. For example, the angle at which the reflectivity for a component (e.g., a P-wave component) of light that is parallel to the plane of incidence closely approaches 0% may vary depending on the characteristics of the mediums. The left drawing of  FIG. 4B  is a graph depicting reflectivity versus angle of incidence when light is input from a first medium (e.g., air) with a first refractive index to a second medium (e.g., glass) with a second refractive index, and the right drawing of  FIG. 4B  is a graph depicting reflectivity versus angle of incidence when light is input from the second medium to the first medium. It can be seen that as in the left drawing of  FIG. 4B , Brewster angle  493  is determined to be about 56 degrees when the light is input from the first medium to the second medium, and it can be seen that as in the right drawing of  FIG. 4B , Brewster angle  495  is determined to be about 36 degrees when the light is input from the second medium to the first medium. 
     According to an embodiment, the incident path of light that is determined by the optical path layer  171   b  described above with reference to  FIGS. 1 to 3  may be obliquely formed to be inclined at Brewster angle with respect to the optical axis of the image sensor  171   c  such that most of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  is not transmitted. In another embodiment, the incident path of light may be formed to be inclined with respect to the optical axis of the image sensor  171   c  to correspond to the incidence angle range of θ 1    496  to θ 2    497  in which the reflectivity for a parallel component of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  has a specified magnitude R 1    498  or less. For example, as in the right drawing of  FIG. 4B , the incident path of light may be formed in the range of about 26% to about 37% with respect to the optical axis of the image sensor  171   c  to correspond to the incidence angle range in which the reflectivity for a parallel component of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  is equal to 1% or less. 
       FIG. 4C  is a view illustrating reflection of light from the cover glass according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4C , a display element  141  (e.g., an organic light emitting diode) that is disposed on a substrate  143  of the display  140  may be used as a light source for the optical fingerprint sensor  171 . 
     According to an embodiment, a component (e.g., a P-wave component) that oscillates in the same direction as the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 , among the light emitted  431  from the display element  141 , may be transmitted  432  through the polarizer  133 , but a component (e.g., an S-wave component) that oscillates in a different direction may not be transmitted  432  through the polarizer  133 . 
     According to an embodiment, part of the light transmitted  432  through the polarizer  133  may be refracted  433  and may directly reach a fingerprint  410  or may reach the fingerprint  410  through an air layer. Part of the light that reaches the fingerprint  140  may be absorbed  434  into the fingerprint  410 , and another part may be reflected  435  from the surface of the fingerprint  410 . In this case, the light reflected  435  from the surface of the fingerprint  410  may be transmitted  436  through the cover glass  120  and the polarizer  133  again and may be refracted  437  at the surface of the substrate  143  of the display  140  that meets an air layer. The refracted light may be refracted  438  at the surface of the lens  171   b  again and may reach the image sensor  171   c.    
     According to an embodiment, another part of the light transmitted  432  through the polarizer  133  may be reflected  439  from the surface of the cover glass  120 , and in the case where the angle of incidence is equal to Brewster angle θ B    451 , a component (e.g., a P-wave component) that is parallel to the plane of incidence, among the light specularly reflected  439  from the surface of the cover glass  120 , may not be reflected. In other words, a component parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133  may not be present in the light reflected  439  from the cover glass  120  at Brewster angle  451 . According to an embodiment, reflected light that is reflected from the cover glass  120  at Brewster angle  451  and reaches the optical path layer  171   b  may not be present because the component (e.g., a P-wave component) that is parallel to the plane of incidence, among the light incident  432  at Brewster angle  451 , is refracted  433  at the surface of the cover glass  120  and transmitted through the cover glass  120  without being reflected  439  and the component (e.g., an S-wave component) that is perpendicular to the plane of incidence fails to pass through the polarizer  133 . Furthermore, because the incident path of light determined by the optical path layer  171   b  is obliquely formed to be inclined at a specified angle (e.g., Brewster angle  451 ) with respect to the optical axis (or the central axis) of the image sensor  171   c,  light incident on the cover glass  120  at an angle different from Brewster angle  451  may not pass through the incident path of light included in the optical path layer  171   b  even though the light is reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  and reaches the optical path layer  171   b.  Accordingly, a clear fingerprint image that is not affected by light reflected from the cover glass  120  may be obtained by using only light reflected from the fingerprint  410 . 
       FIG. 5A  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a micro lens according to an embodiment of the disclosure,  FIG. 5B  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a pin hole according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and  FIG. 5C  is a sectional view of the optical fingerprint sensor adjusting an incident path of light using a masked pin hole according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 5A to 5C , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be designed such that the path of light incident on the image sensor  171   c  corresponds to Brewster angle θ B    550 . The incident path of light may be determined such that the chief ray angle (CRA)  530  of the incident light matches Brewster angle  550 . 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 5A , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be designed such that an incident path of light corresponds to Brewster angle  550  by applying a masking pattern  171   d  to the micro lens  171   b  eccentrically located by a specified magnitude on the image sensor  171   c  relative to the central axis  510  of the image sensor  171   c.  In this case, the light may be incident through a space  171   e  in which the masking pattern  171   d  is not located. That is, the space  171   e  may be the incident path of light. 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 5B , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be designed such that the direction of a pin hole  171   g  formed in an opaque member  171   f  located on the image sensor  171   c  corresponds to Brewster angle  550 . In this case, light may be incident through the pin hole  171   g.  That is, the pin hole  171   g  may be the incident path of light. 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 5C , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be designed such that an incident path of light corresponds to Brewster angle  550  by applying a masking pattern  171   i  to a transparent member  171   h  located on the image sensor  171   c.  In this case, a space  171   j  in which the masking pattern  171   i  is not located may serve as a pin hole. That is, the space  171   j  may be the incident path of light. 
       FIG. 6A  is a view illustrating the amount of incident light in a case of having a plane of incidence of light parallel to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and  FIG. 6B  is a view illustrating the amount of incident light in a case of having a plane of incidence of light perpendicular to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 6A and 6B , light  610  emitted from a light source (e.g., the display element  141 ) may have a component  611   a  or  611   b  (e.g., a P-wave component) that is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133  and a component  613   a  or  613   b  (e.g., an S-wave component) that is perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a.  Only the component  611   a  or  611   b  of the light  610  that is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  may be transmitted through the polarizer  133 . 
     According to an embodiment, the light  610  transmitted through the polarizer  133  may be reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120 . Light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  may have only the component  611   a  or  611   b  parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.  In the case where the reflected light  630  is reflected to correspond to Brewster angle, as illustrated in  FIG. 6A , only the component  613   a  perpendicular to a plane of incidence (a plane that includes the travel path of the light  610  incident on the cover glass  120  and the travel path of the light  630  reflected from the cover glass  120  and that is perpendicular to the interface (or the surface) of the cover glass  120 ) may be reflected, and therefore the amount of the light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  may be decreased when the plane of incidence is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.    
     According to an embodiment, the reflected light  630  may be incident on the image sensor  171   c  through the lens  171   b,  and the path of light  650  incident on the image sensor  171   c,  as illustrated in  FIG. 6A , may be implemented through the lens  171   b  eccentrically located by a specified magnitude relative to the central axis of the image sensor  171   c  in a first direction  603  (e.g., the direction (the x-axis direction) that is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 ). 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 6A , the amount of the light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  may be decreased in the case where the plane of incidence is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  and the incident path corresponds to Brewster angle. For example, because the light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  includes only the component  611   a  parallel to the plane of incidence, the amount of light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  may be decreased. Furthermore, because the perpendicular component  613   a  of the reflected light  630  fails to pass through the polarizer  133 , the reflected light  630  may not be included in the light  650  incident on the image sensor  171   c.  In other words, only the component  611   a  parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  among the light emitted from the display element  141  may pass through the polarizer  133 , and therefore the reflected light  630  may have only the parallel component. Furthermore, there may be no light reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  and incident on the image sensor  171   c  because the reflectivity of the parallel component at the surface of the cover glass  120  is 0% as illustrated in  FIG. 4B  when light is incident at Brewster angle. 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 6B , only the component  611   b  perpendicular to the plane of incidence may be reflected in the case where the plane of incidence is perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a  and the reflected light  630  is reflected to correspond to Brewster angle. However, the perpendicular component  611   b  of the reflected light  630  may pass through the polarizer  133  because the perpendicular component  611   b  oscillates parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.  Accordingly, in the case where the plane of incidence is perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a,  the amount by which the light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  passes through the polarizer  133  may be relatively increased, compared to that described above with reference to  FIG. 6A . 
     According to an embodiment, the reflected light  630  may be incident on the image sensor  171   c  through the lens  171   b,  and the path of the light  650  incident on the image sensor  171   c,  as illustrated in  FIG. 6B , may be implemented through the lens  171   b  eccentrically located by a specified magnitude relative to the central axis of the image sensor  171   c  in a second direction  607  (e.g., the direction (the y-axis direction) that is perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 ). 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 6 b   , in the case where the plane of incidence is perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a  and the incident path corresponds to Brewster angle, the light  630  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  may include only the component  613   b  perpendicular to the plane of incidence, and the perpendicular component  613   b  of the reflected light  630  may pass through the polarizer  133 . Consequently, the amount of the light  650  incident on the image sensor  171   c  may be relatively increased, compared to that described above with reference to  FIG. 6A . In other words, when the direction  605  (e.g., the x-axis direction) that is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  is perpendicular to the plane of incidence, the amount of the light  650  reflected from the surface of the cover glass  120  and incident on the image sensor  171   c  may be relatively increased, compared to that described above with reference to  FIG. 6A . 
       FIG. 7  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using an optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light parallel to a polarization direction and an optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light perpendicular to the polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , the electronic device  100  may include at least one first optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light in directions  711  and  713  parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133  and at least one second optical fingerprint sensor having an incident path of light in directions  731  and  733  perpendicular to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 . 
     According to an embodiment, a first fingerprint image  751  obtained through the first optical fingerprint sensor may be an image in which the amount of light reflected from the cover glass  120  is decreased as described above with reference to  FIG. 6A . In another example, a second fingerprint image  753  obtained through the second optical fingerprint sensor may be an image in which the amount of light reflected from the cover glass  120  is increased as described above with reference to  FIG. 6B . 
     According to an embodiment, the first fingerprint image  751  in which the amount of light reflected from the cover glass  120  is decreased may facilitate identification of a fingerprint in the state in which a finger is not completely in contact with the cover glass  120 . In another example, the second fingerprint image  753  in which the amount of light reflected from the cover glass  120  is increased may facilitate identification of a fingerprint in the state in which a finger is completely in contact with the cover glass  120 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  100  may improve the performance of fingerprint recognition by identifying a fingerprint through a combination of the first fingerprint image  751  and the second fingerprint image  753 . 
       FIG. 8A  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and  FIG. 8B  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using the optical fingerprint sensors having the incident paths of light in the different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 8A and 8b , an image sensor  810  (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) may include a plurality of pixels L 0X , R −2X , L 1X , R −1X , L 2X , R 0X , L 3X , R 1X , or the like that receive light. Each of the pixels may receive light reflected from any one point (e.g., F −1x , F 0x , F 1x , F 2x , or the like) of a fingerprint  890 . 
     According to an embodiment, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  100 ) may obtain a plurality of fingerprint images through the plurality of pixels that receive light reflected from the same point of the fingerprint  890  in different directions. For example, the electronic device may obtain a first fingerprint image  871  through a first pixel  811  (e.g., L 0X ) that receives light reflected from a first point  830  (e.g., F 0X ) of the fingerprint  890  in a first direction  851  and may obtain a second fingerprint image  873  through a second pixel  813  (e.g., R 0X ) that receives light reflected from the first point  830  in a second direction  853 . In other words, the first fingerprint image  871  and the second fingerprint image  873  may be images when the first point  830  of the fingerprint  890  is viewed in different directions. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device may generate a three-dimensional image for the first point  830  of the fingerprint  890  by a combination of the first fingerprint image  871  and the second fingerprint image  873 . 
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  810  may include a plurality of first pixels  811  that receive light incident in the first direction  851  and a plurality of second pixels  813  that receive light incident in the second direction  853 . For example, the first pixels  811  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from different points of the fingerprint  890  in the same first direction  851 , and the second pixels  813  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from the different points of the fingerprint  890  in the same second direction  853 . In this case, the electronic device may obtain the first fingerprint image  871  for at least a partial area of the fingerprint  890  through the first pixels  811  and may obtain the second fingerprint image  873  for the area through the second pixels  813 . Accordingly, the electronic device may generate a three-dimensional fingerprint image  891  for the area by a combination of the first fingerprint image  871  and the second fingerprint image  873 . 
       FIG. 9A  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and  FIG. 9B  is a view illustrating a method of obtaining a fingerprint image using the optical fingerprint sensors having the incident paths of light in the different directions according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9A and 9B , an image sensor  900  (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) may include a plurality of pixels (e.g., a first pixel  931 , a second pixel  932 , a third pixel  933 , a fourth pixel  934 , or the like) that receive light. 
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  900  may include a plurality of first pixels  931  that receive light incident in a first direction  911 , a plurality of second pixels  932  that receive light incident in a second direction  912 , a plurality of third pixels  933  that receive light incident in a third direction  913 , and a plurality of fourth pixels  934  that receive light incident in a fourth direction  914 . For example, the first pixels  931  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from different points of a fingerprint  970  in the same first direction  911 , the second pixels  932  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from the different points of the fingerprint  970  in the same second direction  912 , the third pixels  933  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from the different points of the fingerprint  970  in the same third direction  913 , and the fourth pixels  934  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from the different points of the fingerprint  970  in the same fourth direction  914 . 
     According to an embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG. 9A , the first direction  911  and the fourth direction  914  may be parallel to each other, and the second direction  912  and the third direction  913  may be parallel to each other. Furthermore, the first direction  911  and the second direction  912  (or the third direction  913 ) may be perpendicular to each other, and likewise, the fourth direction  914  may also be perpendicular to the second direction  912  (or the third direction  913 ). 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device may obtain a first fingerprint image  951  for at least a partial area of the fingerprint  970  through the first pixels  931 , may obtain a second fingerprint image  952  for the area through the second pixels  932 , may obtain a third fingerprint image  953  for the area through the third pixels  933 , and may obtain a fourth fingerprint image  954  for the area through the fourth pixels  934 . Accordingly, the electronic device may generate a three-dimensional fingerprint image  971  for the area by a combination of the first fingerprint image  951 , the second fingerprint image  952 , the third fingerprint image  953 , and the fourth fingerprint image  954 . 
       FIG. 10  is a view illustrating a pixel of an optical fingerprint sensor including a plurality of sub-pixels according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , each of pixels of an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) may include sub-pixels. For example, a first pixel  1010  of the image sensor may include a first sub-pixel  1011 , a second sub-pixel  1012 , a third sub-pixel  1013 , a fourth sub-pixel  1014 , a fifth sub-pixel  1015 , a sixth sub-pixel  1016 , a seventh sub-pixel  1017 , an eighth sub-pixel  1018 , and a ninth sub-pixel  1019 . In another example, a second pixel  1050  of the image sensor may include a tenth sub-pixel  1051 , an eleventh sub-pixel  1052 , a twelfth sub-pixel  1053 , a thirteenth sub-pixel  1054 , a fourteenth sub-pixel  1055 , a fifteenth sub-pixel  1056 , a sixteenth sub-pixel  1057 , a seventeenth sub-pixel  1058 , and an eighteenth sub-pixel  1059 . 
     According to an embodiment, a plurality of sub-pixels included in any one pixel may be disposed at specified intervals. For example, the sub-pixels may be disposed in a grid shape. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device may obtain a first fingerprint image for at least a partial area of a fingerprint through a plurality of first pixels  1010  and may obtain a second fingerprint image for the area through a plurality of second pixels  1050 . The first fingerprint image may be an image when the fingerprint is viewed in a first direction  1030 , and the second fingerprint image may be an image when the fingerprint is viewed in a second direction  1070 . 
     According to an embodiment, a plurality of sub-pixels included in any one pixel may receive light incident in different directions. For example, the first sub-pixel  1011  may receive light incident in a first direction  1031  of a first vector with the center of a light receiving element  1011   a  and the center of a lens  1011   b  as a starting point and an ending point. The second sub-pixel  1012  may receive light incident in a second direction  1032  of a second vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the second sub-pixel  1012  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The third sub-pixel  1013  may receive light incident in a third direction  1033  of a third vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the third sub-pixel  1013  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The fourth sub-pixel  1014  may receive light incident in a fourth direction  1034  of a fourth vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the fourth sub-pixel  1014  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The fifth sub-pixel  1015  may receive light incident in a fifth direction  1035  of a fifth vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the fifth sub-pixel  1015  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The sixth sub-pixel  1016  may receive light incident in a sixth direction  1036  of a sixth vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the sixth sub-pixel  1016  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The seventh sub-pixel  1017  may receive light incident in a seventh direction  1037  of a seventh vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the seventh sub-pixel  1017  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The eighth sub-pixel  1012  may receive light incident in an eighth direction  1038  of an eighth vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the eighth sub-pixel  1018  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. The ninth sub-pixel  1019  may receive light incident in a ninth direction  1039  of a ninth vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the ninth sub-pixel  1019  and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point. 
     According to an embodiment, assuming that each of a plurality of sub-pixels included in any one pixel corresponds to a vector with the center of a light receiving element included in the sub-pixel and the center of a lens as a starting point and an ending point, the direction of the sum of the vectors corresponding to the sub-pixels may correspond to the direction in which the pixel faces the fingerprint. For example, the direction of the vector obtained by adding the first vector, the second vector, the third vector, the fourth vector, the fifth vector, the sixth vector, the seventh vector, the eighth vector, and the ninth vector together may correspond to the direction  1030  in which the first pixel faces the fingerprint. 
       FIG. 11  is a view illustrating a pixel of an optical fingerprint sensor including a plurality of sub-pixels according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11 , a first pixel  1110  that appears to face a fingerprint in a first direction  1130  and a second pixel  1150  that appears to face the fingerprint in a second direction  1170  may be paired with each other. Furthermore, each of the first pixel  1110  and the second pixel  1150  may include a plurality of sub-pixels. 
     According to an embodiment, the first pixel  1110  and the second pixel  1150  paired with each other may cross each other from the point of view of a pixel. In this case, the sub-pixels included in each pixel may not be adjacent to each other. For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 11 , when the first pixel  1110  and the second pixel  1150  cross each other, first sub-pixels of the first pixel  1110  and second sub-pixels of the second pixel  1150  may be disposed to alternate with each other, and therefore the first sub-pixels or the second sub-pixels may not be adjacent to each other. 
       FIG. 11  illustrates a state in which the first pixel  1110  and the second pixel  1150  cross each other in the left/right direction and the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are alternately disposed in rows. For example, each row  1110   a  of the first sub-pixels may be located between rows  1150   a  of the second sub-pixels. However, an arrangement of the sub-pixels is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the first pixel  1110  and the second pixel  1150  may cross each other in the vertical direction, and the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels may be alternately disposed in columns. For example, each column  1110   b  of the first sub-pixels may be located between columns  1150   b  of the second sub-pixels. 
       FIG. 12  is a view illustrating optical fingerprint sensors having incident paths of light in different directions parallel to a polarization direction according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 12 , the optical fingerprint sensor  171  included in the electronic device  100  may include an incident path (or a passage) of light that is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 . For example, to prevent light reflected from the cover glass  120  from reaching the image sensor  171   c,  the optical fingerprint sensor  171  may be designed such that the incident path (or the passage) of light is parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.  Accordingly, the electronic device  100  may obtain a clearer fingerprint image. 
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  171   c  may include a plurality of pixels (e.g., a first pixel  1231 , a second pixel  1233 , and the like). The direction in which a lens is eccentrically located relative to the center of a light receiving element included in each of the plurality of pixels may be parallel to the polarization direction  133   a  of the polarizer  133 . For example, a first direction  1211  in which a lens is eccentrically located relative to the center of a light receiving element included in the first pixel  1231  and a second direction  1213  in which a lens is eccentrically located relative to the center of a light receiving element included in the second pixel  1233  may be parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.    
     According to an embodiment, the image sensor  171  may include a plurality of first pixels  1231  that receive light incident in the first direction  1211  and a plurality of second pixels  1233  that receive light incident in the second direction  1213 . For example, the first pixels  1231  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from different points of a fingerprint in the same first direction  1211 , and the second pixels  1233  may be disposed at specified intervals and may receive light incident from the different points of the fingerprint in the same second direction  1213 . In this case, the electronic device  100  may obtain a first fingerprint image for at least a partial area of the fingerprint through the first pixels  1231  and may obtain a second fingerprint image for the area through the second pixels  1233 . Accordingly, the electronic device may generate a three-dimensional fingerprint image for the area by a combination of the first fingerprint image and the second fingerprint image. Consequently, the electronic device  100  may obtain a clearer three-dimensional fingerprint image using the image sensor  171   c  including the pixels that receive light incident in the first direction  1211  and the second direction  1213  that are different from each other and are parallel to the polarization direction  133   a.    
       FIG. 13  is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device  1301  in a network environment  1300  according to various embodiments. Referring to  FIG. 13 , the electronic device  1301  in the network environment  1300  may communicate with an electronic device  1302  via a first network  1398  (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or an electronic device  1304  or a server  1308  via a second network  1399  (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to an embodiment, the electronic device  1301  may communicate with the electronic device  1304  via the server  1308 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  1301  may include a processor  1320 , memory  1330 , an input device  1350 , a sound output device  1355 , a display device  1360 , an audio module  1370 , a sensor module  1376 , an interface  1377 , a haptic module  1379 , a camera module  1380 , a power management module  1388 , a battery  1389 , a communication module  1390 , a subscriber identification module (SIM)  1396 , or an antenna module  1397 . In some embodiments, at least one (e.g., the display device  1360  or the camera module  1380 ) of the components may be omitted from the electronic device  1301 , or one or more other components may be added in the electronic device  1301 . In some embodiments, some of the components may be implemented as single integrated circuitry. For example, the sensor module  1376  (e.g., a fingerprint sensor, an iris sensor, or an illuminance sensor) may be implemented as embedded in the display device  1360  (e.g., a display). 
     The processor  1320 may execute, for example, software (e.g., a program  1340 ) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device  1301  coupled with the processor  1320 , and may perform various data processing or computation. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or computation, the processor  1320  may load a command or data received from another component (e.g., the sensor module  1376  or the communication module  1390 ) in volatile memory  1332 , process the command or the data stored in the volatile memory  1332 , and store resulting data in non-volatile memory  1334 . According to an embodiment, the processor  1320  may include a main processor  1321  (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) or an application processor (AP)), and an auxiliary processor  1323  (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor (CP)) that is operable independently from, or in conjunction with, the main processor  1321 . Additionally or alternatively, the auxiliary processor  1323  may be adapted to consume less power than the main processor  1321 , or to be specific to a specified function. The auxiliary processor  1323  may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the main processor  1321 . 
     The auxiliary processor  1323  may control at least some of functions or states related to at least one component (e.g., the display device  1360 , the sensor module  1376 , or the communication module  1390 ) among the components of the electronic device  1301 , instead of the main processor  1321  while the main processor  1321  is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor  1321  while the main processor  1321  is in an active state (e.g., executing an application). According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  1323  (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as part of another component (e.g., the camera module  1380  or the communication module  1390 ) functionally related to the auxiliary processor  1323 . 
     The memory  1330  may store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor  1320  or the sensor module  1376 ) of the electronic device  1301 . The various data may include, for example, software (e.g., the program  1340 ) and input data or output data for a command related thererto. The memory  1330  may include the volatile memory  1332  or the non-volatile memory  1334 . 
     The program  1340 may be stored in the memory  1330  as software, and may include, for example, an operating system (OS)  1342 , middleware  1344 , or an application  1346 . 
     The input device  1350  may receive a command or data to be used by other component (e.g., the processor  1320 ) of the electronic device  1301 , from the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  1301 . The input device  1350  may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen). 
     The sound output device  1355  may output sound signals to the outside of the electronic device  1301 . The sound output device  1355  may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as playing multimedia or playing record, and the receiver may be used for an incoming calls. According to an embodiment, the receiver may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the speaker. 
     The display device  1360  may visually provide information to the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  1301 . The display device  1360  may include, for example, a display, a hologram device, or a projector and control circuitry to control a corresponding one of the display, hologram device, and projector. According to an embodiment, the display device  1360  may include touch circuitry adapted to detect a touch, or sensor circuitry (e.g., a pressure sensor) adapted to measure the intensity of force incurred by the touch. 
     The audio module  1370  may convert a sound into an electrical signal and vice versa. According to an embodiment, the audio module  1370  may obtain the sound via the input device  1350 , or output the sound via the sound output device  1355  or a headphone of an external electronic device (e.g., an electronic device  1302 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly coupled with the electronic device  1301 . 
     The sensor module  1376  may detect an operational state (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device  1301  or an environmental state (e.g., a state of a user) external to the electronic device  1301 , and then generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to an embodiment, the sensor module  1376  may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor. 
     The interface  1377  may support one or more specified protocols to be used for the electronic device  1301  to be coupled with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  1302 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly. According to an embodiment, the interface  1377  may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a secure digital (SD) card interface, or an audio interface. 
     A connecting terminal  1378  may include a connector via which the electronic device  1301  may be physically connected with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  1302 ). According to an embodiment, the connecting terminal  1378  may include, for example, a HDMI connector, a USB connector, a SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector). 
     The haptic module  1379  may convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., a vibration or a movement) or electrical stimulus which may be recognized by a user via his tactile sensation or kinesthetic sensation. According to an embodiment, the haptic module  1379  may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulator. 
     The camera module  1380  may capture a still image or moving images. According to an embodiment, the camera module  1380  may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes. 
     The power management module  1388  may manage power supplied to the electronic device  1301 . According to one embodiment, the power management module  1388  may be implemented as at least part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). 
     The battery  1389  may supply power to at least one component of the electronic device  1301 . According to an embodiment, the battery  1389  may include, for example, a primary cell which is not rechargeable, a secondary cell which is rechargeable, or a fuel cell. 
     The communication module  1390  may support establishing a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device  1301  and the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  1302 , the electronic device  1304 , or the server  1308 ) and performing communication via the established communication channel. The communication module  1390  may include one or more communication processors that are operable independently from the processor  1320  (e.g., the application processor (AP)) and supports a direct (e.g., wired) communication or a wireless communication. According to an embodiment, the communication module  1390  may include a wireless communication module  1392  (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module  1394  (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module or a power line communication (PLC) module). A corresponding one of these communication modules may communicate with the external electronic device via the first network  1398  (e.g., a short-range communication network, such as Bluetooth™, wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or the second network  1399  (e.g., a long-range communication network, such as a cellular network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., LAN or wide area network (WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be implemented as a single component (e.g., a single chip), or may be implemented as multi components (e.g., multi chips) separate from each other. 
     The wireless communication module  1392  may identify and authenticate the electronic device  1301  in a communication network, such as the first network  1398  or the second network  1399 , using subscriber information (e.g., international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module  1396 . 
     The antenna module  1397  may transmit or receive a signal or power to or from the outside (e.g., the external electronic device) of the electronic device  1301 . According to an embodiment, the antenna module  1397 may include an antenna including a radiating element composed of a conductive material or a conductive pattern formed in or on a substrate (e.g., PCB). According to an embodiment, the antenna module  1397  may include a plurality of antennas. In such a case, at least one antenna appropriate for a communication scheme used in the communication network, such as the first network  1398  or the second network  1399 , may be selected, for example, by the communication module  1390  (e.g., the wireless communication module  1392 ) from the plurality of antennas. The signal or the power may then be transmitted or received between the communication module  1390  and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. According to an embodiment, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) other than the radiating element may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module  1397 . 
     At least some of the above-described components may be coupled mutually and communicate signals (e.g., commands or data) therebetween via an inter-peripheral communication scheme (e.g., a bus, general purpose input and output (GPIO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), or mobile industry processor interface (MIPI)). 
     According to an embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device  1301  and the external electronic device  1304  via the server  1308  coupled with the second network  1399 . Each of the electronic devices  1302  and  1304  may be a device of a same type as, or a different type, from the electronic device  1301 . According to an embodiment, all or some of operations to be executed at the electronic device  1301  may be executed at one or more of the external electronic devices  1302 ,  1304 , or  1308 . For example, if the electronic device  1301  should perform a function or a service automatically, or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device  1301 , instead of, or in addition to, executing the function or the service, may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or the service. The one or more external electronic devices receiving the request may perform the at least part of the function or the service requested, or an additional function or an additional service related to the request, and transfer an outcome of the performing to the electronic device  1301 . The electronic device  1301  may provide the outcome, with or without further processing of the outcome, as at least part of a reply to the request. To that end, a cloud computing, distributed computing, or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. 
     As described above, according to various embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  100 ) may include a transparent member (e.g., the cover glass  120 ), a display (e.g., the display  140 ) that is disposed under the transparent member and that includes a plurality of pixels, an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) that is disposed under at least a partial area of the display, and an optical path layer (e.g., the optical path layer  171   b ) that is disposed between the at least a partial area and the image sensor. The optical path layer may include an incident path of light that is formed such that, when light output through the plurality of pixels is reflected from the transparent member and an external object in contact with the transparent member, light reflected from the external object is delivered to the image sensor and light reflected from the transparent member is interrupted. 
     According to various embodiments, the incident path of light may be formed to be inclined at a specified angle with respect to an optical axis of the image sensor. 
     According to various embodiments, the specified angle may include Brewster angle (e.g., Brewster angle  451 ) that is determined based on the transparent layer and an air layer. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include a lens (e.g., the micro lens  171   b ) that is eccentrically located by a specified magnitude relative to an optical axis of the image sensor and that has a masking pattern (e.g., the masking pattern  171   d ) applied thereto. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include an opaque member (e.g., the opaque member  171   f ) that has a pin hole (e.g., the pin hole  171   g ) that is formed therein in a direction inclined at a specified angle with respect to an optical axis of the image sensor. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include a transparent member (e.g., the transparent member  171   h ) that has a masking pattern (e.g., the masking pattern  171   i ) applied thereto. 
     According to various embodiments, the electronic device may further include a polarizing filter (e.g., the polarizer  133 ) that is disposed between the transparent member and the display. 
     As described above, according to various embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  100 ) may include a housing (e.g., the housing  110 ), a cover glass (e.g., the cover glass  120 ) that forms the exterior of at least one surface of the housing, a display (e.g., the display  140 ) that is located inside the housing and under the cover glass and is exposed through a first area of the cover glass, and an optical fingerprint sensor (e.g., the optical fingerprint sensor  171 ) that is located inside the housing and under the display and, when viewed from above the cover glass, placed in a position aligned with a second area of the cover glass that is included in the first area. The optical fingerprint sensor may include an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) and an optical path layer (e.g., the optical path layer  171   b ) that is located at the top of the image sensor. The optical path layer may have an incident path of light that is formed such that a chief ray angle of light (e.g., the chief ray angle  530  of the light) that is incident on the image sensor matches Brewster angle (e.g., Brewster angle  550 ) that is determined based on the cover glass and an air layer. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include a lens (e.g., the micro lens  171   b ) that is eccentrically located by a specified magnitude relative to a central axis of the image sensor and that has a masking pattern (e.g., the masking pattern  171   d ) applied thereto, and the incident path of light may be formed by a partial area (e.g., the space  171   e ) of the lens in which the masking pattern is not located. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include an opaque member (e.g., the opaque member  171   f ) that has a pin hole (e.g., the pin hole  171   g ) that is formed therein in a direction inclined at a specified angle with respect to a central axis of the image sensor, and the incident path of light may be formed by the pin hole. 
     According to various embodiments, the optical path layer may include a transparent member (e.g., the transparent member  171   h ) that has a masking pattern (e.g., the masking pattern  171   i ) applied thereto, and the incident path of light may be formed by a partial area (e.g., the space  171   i ) of the transparent member in which the masking pattern is not located. 
     According to various embodiments, the image sensor may include a plurality of first pixels (e.g., the first pixel  811  or the first pixel  1010 ) that correspond to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a first direction (e.g., the first direction  851  or the first direction  1030 ) and a plurality of second pixels (e.g., the second pixel  813  or the second pixel  1050 ) that correspond to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a second direction (e.g., the second direction  853  or the second direction  1070 ) that is different from the first direction. 
     According to various embodiments, a first virtual line in the first direction and a second virtual line in the second direction may be located on the same virtual plane. 
     According to various embodiments, at least one of the first pixels and the second pixels may include a plurality of sub-pixels (e.g., the first sub-pixel  1011 , the second sub-pixel  1012 , the third sub-pixel  1013 , the fourth sub-pixel  1014 , the fifth sub-pixel  1015 , the sixth sub-pixel  1016 , the seventh sub-pixel  1017 , the eighth sub-pixel  1018 , or the ninth sub-pixel  1019 ), and incident paths of light of the respective sub-pixels may be directed in different directions. 
     According to various embodiments, a direction of a second vector calculated by the sum of first vectors corresponding to the incident paths of light of the respective sub-pixels may be the same as a direction of a third vector corresponding to an incident path of light of the pixel including the sub-pixels. 
     As described above, according to various embodiments, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  100 ) may include a housing (e.g., the housing  110 ), a cover glass (e.g., the cover glass  120 ) that forms the exterior of at least one surface of the housing, a polarizer (e.g., the polarizer  133 ) that is located inside the housing and under the cover glass, a polarization direction of the polarizer being a first direction, a display (e.g., the display  140 ) that is located inside the housing and under the polarizer and exposed through a first area of the cover glass, and an optical fingerprint sensor (e.g., the optical fingerprint sensor  171 ) that is located inside the housing and under the display and, when viewed from above the cover glass, placed in a position aligned with a second area of the cover glass that is included in the first area. The optical fingerprint sensor may include an image sensor (e.g., the image sensor  171   c ) and an optical path layer (e.g., the optical path layer  171   b ) that is located at the top of the image sensor. The optical path layer may have an incident path of light that is formed such that a chief ray angle of light (e.g., the chief ray angle  530  of the light) that is incident on the image sensor matches Brewster angle (e.g., Brewster angle  550 ) that is determined based on the cover glass and an air layer. The image sensor may include a plurality of first pixels (e.g., the first pixel  811  or the first pixel  1010 ) that correspond to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a second direction (e.g., the first direction  851  or the first direction  1030 ) and a plurality of second pixels (e.g., the second pixel  813  or the second pixel  1050 ) that correspond to the optical path layer having the incident path of light that is directed in a third direction (e.g., the second direction  853  or the second direction  1070 ) that is different from the second direction. 
     According to various embodiments, a first virtual line in the first direction, a second virtual line in the second direction, and a third virtual line in the third direction may be located on the same virtual plane. 
     According to various embodiments, a first virtual line in the first direction and a second virtual line in the second direction may be located on the same virtual plane, and a third virtual line in the third direction may be perpendicular to the same plane. 
     According to various embodiments, at least one of the first pixels and the second pixels may include a plurality of sub-pixels (e.g., the first sub-pixel  1011 , the second sub-pixel  1012 , the third sub-pixel  1013 , the fourth sub-pixel  1014 , the fifth sub-pixel  1015 , the sixth sub-pixel  1016 , the seventh sub-pixel  1017 , the eighth sub-pixel  1018 , or the ninth sub-pixel  1019 ), and incident paths of light of the respective sub-pixels may be directed in different directions. 
     According to various embodiments, a direction of a second vector calculated by the sum of first vectors corresponding to the incident paths of light of the respective sub-pixels may be the same as a direction of a third vector corresponding to an incident path of light of the pixel including the sub-pixels. 
     The electronic device according to various embodiments may be one of various types of electronic devices. The electronic devices may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a home appliance. According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the electronic devices are not limited to those described above. 
     It should be appreciated that various embodiments of the disclosure and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technological features set forth herein to particular embodiments and include various changes, equivalents, or replacements for a corresponding embodiment. With regard to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It is to be understood that a singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the things, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, each of such phrases as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C,” may include any one of, or all possible combinations of the items enumerated together in a corresponding one of the phrases. As used herein, such terms as “1st” and “2nd,” or “first” and “second” may be used to simply distinguish a corresponding component from another, and does not limit the components in other aspect (e.g., importance or order). It is to be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to, with or without the term “operatively” or “communicatively”, as “coupled with,” “coupled to,” “connected with,” or “connected to” another element (e.g., a second element), it means that the element may be coupled with the other element directly (e.g., wiredly), wirelessly, or via a third element. 
     As used herein, the term “module” may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may interchangeably be used with other terms, for example, “logic,” “logic block,” “part,” or “circuitry”. A module may be a single integral component, or a minimum unit or part thereof, adapted to perform one or more functions. For example, according to an embodiment, the module may be implemented in a form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). 
     Various embodiments as set forth herein may be implemented as software (e.g., the program  1340 ) including one or more instructions that are stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory  1336  or external memory  1338 ) that is readable by a machine (e.g., the electronic device  1301 ). For example, a processor(e.g., the processor  1320 ) of the machine (e.g., the electronic device  1301 ) may invoke at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, and execute it, with or without using one or more other components under the control of the processor. This allows the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one instruction invoked. The one or more instructions may include a code generated by a compiler or a code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Wherein, the term “non-transitory” simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device, and does not include a signal (e.g., an electromagnetic wave), but this term does not differentiate between where data is semi-permanently stored in the storage medium and where the data is temporarily stored in the storage medium. 
     According to an embodiment, a method according to various embodiments of the disclosure may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM)), or be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) online via an application store (e.g., PlayStore™), or between two user devices (e.g., smart phones) directly. If distributed online, at least part of the computer program product may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in the machine-readable storage medium, such as memory of the manufacturer&#39;s server, a server of the application store, or a relay server. 
     According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include a single entity or multiple entities. According to various embodiments, one or more of the above-described components may be omitted, or one or more other components may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, according to various embodiments, the integrated component may still perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components in the same or similar manner as they are performed by a corresponding one of the plurality of components before the integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, the program, or another component may be carried out sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.