Patent Publication Number: US-11661316-B2

Title: Method and an arrangement for elevator guide rail installation

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims priority to European Patent Application No. 19186453.7 filed on Jul. 16, 2019, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
     FIELD 
     The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for elevator guide rail installation. 
     BACKGROUND 
     An elevator may comprise a car, a shaft, hoisting machinery, ropes, and a counterweight. A separate or an integrated car frame may surround the car. 
     The hoisting machinery may be positioned in the shaft. The hoisting machinery may comprise a drive, an electric motor, a traction sheave, and a machinery brake. The hoisting machinery may move the car upwards and downwards in the shaft. The machinery brake may stop the rotation of the traction sheave and thereby the movement of the elevator car. 
     The car frame may be connected by the ropes via the traction sheave to the counterweight. The car frame may further be supported with gliding means at guide rails extending in the vertical direction in the shaft. The guide rails may be attached with fastening brackets to the side wall structures in the shaft. The gliding means keep the car in position in the horizontal plane, when the car moves upwards and downwards in the shaft. The counterweight may be supported in a corresponding way on guide rails that are attached to the wall structure of the shaft. 
     The car may transport people and/or goods between the landings in the building. The wall structure of the shaft may be formed of solid walls or of an open beam structure or of any combination of these. 
     The guide rails may be formed of guide rail elements of a certain length. The guide rail elements may be connected in the installation phase end-on-end one after the other in the elevator shaft. The guide rail elements may be attached to each other with connection plates extending between the end portions of two consecutive guide rail elements. The connection plates may be attached to the consecutive guide rail elements. The ends of the guide rails may comprise some kind of form locking means in order to position the guide rails correctly in relation to each other. The guide rails may be attached to the walls of the elevator shaft with support means at support points along the height of the guide rails. 
     The installation of guide rails according to prior art methods involves considerable complexity including transporting, lifting and positioning guide rails in an elevator installation. The time required for a guide rail installation according to prior art methods is also considerable. These problems become even more profound in modern high rise buildings. 
     SUMMARY 
     An object of the invention is an improved method and arrangement for elevator guide rail installation. 
     The method for elevator guide rail installation according to the invention is defined in claim  1 . 
     The arrangement for elevator guide rail installation according to the invention is defined in claim  12 . 
     The shaft is first measured with measuring equipment in order to determine the form of the shaft and the position of the fastening points for the guide rails along the height of the shaft based on the measurement results. 
     Adjustable fastening brackets are then attached to the guide rails and the fastening brackets are adjusted based on the information received in the measurement phase. This may be done before the installation of the guide rails takes place in the shaft. 
     The invention means that the guide rail elements provided with the fastening brackets may in the installation process of the guide rails be lifted in the shaft and attached to the fastening points in a wall of the shaft without further adjustment of the fastening brackets. 
     The invention simplifies and shortens the time needed for the installation of the guide rails compared to a prior art solution in which the fastening brackets are attached to the guide rail elements in the shaft and adjusted after that during the installation of the guide rails. 
     The guide rail elements may in an embodiment be lifted upwards in the shaft with a hoist connected to a transport device comprising a hook device and a lever device. The hook device may be attached to an upper end of the guide rail element and the lower end of the guide rail element may be glidingly supported with the lever device on the row of already installed guide rail elements. The guide rail element may thus be lifted in a controlled manner i.e. the guide rail cannot swing during the lifting. 
     The lowering of the transport apparatus in order to fetch a new guide rail element may also be done in a controlled manner. The lever device may also when moving downwards be glidingly supported on the row of already installed guide rail elements. 
     The hook device may in an embodiment move upwards and downwards in the shaft without being connected to the row of already installed guide rail elements. Only the lever device may in this embodiment move glidingly on the row of already installed guide rail elements during an upwards and downwards movement in the shaft. 
     The hook device may on the other hand also be glidingly supported on the row of already installed guide rail elements. The hook device may in this embodiment move glidingly on the row of already installed guide rail elements during a downwards movement in the shaft. The hook device may not in this embodiment be connected to the row of already installed guide rail elements during an upwards movement in the shaft. 
     The hook device may in all embodiments be fixedly attached to the upper end of the guide rail element during the lifting of the guide rail element. 
     A transport platform movable with a hoist upwards and downwards in the shaft may be used during the measurement of the shaft before the installation of the guide rails and/or during a manual installation of a first lowermost section of guide rail elements and/or during the installation of the guide rails in order to attach the guide rail elements to a wall in the shaft. The attachment of the guide rail elements to the wall in the shaft may be done manually by a technician or automatically by a robot from the transport platform. 
     Each end of the guide rail elements may further in an embodiment be provided with jointing clamps. The jointing clamps may form a plug-in joint between themselves and thereby between two consecutive guide rail elements when the jointing clamps and thereby two consecutive guide rail elements are connected to each other. 
    
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
       The invention will in the following be described in greater detail by means of preferred embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in which 
         FIG.  1    shows a side view of an elevator, 
         FIG.  2    shows a horizontal cross section of the elevator, 
         FIG.  3    shows an arrangement for installing guide rails, 
         FIG.  4    shows an arrangement for joining guide rails, 
         FIG.  5    shows a hook device of a transport apparatus, 
         FIG.  6    shows a lever device of a transport apparatus, 
         FIGS.  7 - 9    show the lever device of the transport apparatus in different positions, 
         FIG.  10    shows a cross-section of a guide rail, 
         FIG.  11    shows a transport platform, 
         FIG.  12    shows a fastening bracket, 
         FIG.  13    shows a vertical cross-section of the shaft exemplifying the measurement of the shaft, 
         FIG.  14    shows a horizontal cross-section of the shaft exemplifying the measurement of the shaft, 
         FIG.  15    sows the attachment of fastening brackets on the guide rail, 
         FIG.  16    shows the adjustment of the fastening brackets, 
         FIG.  17    shows a first embodiment of a guide rail pre-setting bench, 
         FIG.  18    shows a second embodiment of a guide rail pre-setting bench. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG.  1    shows a side view and  FIG.  2    shows a horizontal cross section of the elevator. 
     The elevator may comprise a car  10 , an elevator shaft  20 , hoisting machinery  30 , ropes  42 , and a counterweight  41 . A separate or an integrated car frame  11  may surround the car  10 . 
     The hoisting machinery  30  may be positioned in the shaft  20 . The hoisting machinery may comprise a drive  31 , an electric motor  32 , a traction sheave  33 , and a machinery brake  34 . The hoisting machinery  30  may move the car  10  in a vertical direction Z upwards and downwards in the vertically extending elevator shaft  20 . The machinery brake  34  may stop the rotation of the traction sheave  33  and thereby the movement of the elevator car  10 . 
     The car frame  11  may be connected by the ropes  42  via the traction sheave  33  to the counterweight  41 . The car frame  11  may further be supported with gliding means  27  at guide rails  25  extending in the vertical direction in the shaft  20 . The gliding means  27  may comprise rolls rolling on the guide rails  25  or gliding shoes gliding on the guide rails  25  when the car  10  is moving upwards and downwards in the elevator shaft  20 . The guide rails  25  may be attached with fastening brackets  50  to the side wall structures  21  in the elevator shaft  20 . The gliding means  27  keep the car  10  in position in the horizontal plane when the car  10  moves upwards and downwards in the elevator shaft  20 . The counterweight  41  may be supported in a corresponding way on guide rails that are attached to the wall structure  21  of the shaft  20 . 
     The wall structure  21  of the shaft  20  may be formed of solid walls  21  or of open beam structure or of any combination of these. One or more of the walls may thus be solid and one or more of the walls may be formed of an open beam structure. The shaft  20  may be comprise a front wall  21 A, a back wall  21 B and two opposite side walls  21 C,  21 D. There may be two guide rails  25  for the car  10 . The two car guide rails  25  may be positioned on opposite side walls  21 C,  21 D. There may further be two guide rails  25  for the counterweight  41 . The two counterweight guide rails  25  may be positioned on the back wall  21 B. 
     The guide rails  25  may extend vertically along the height of the elevator shaft  20 . The guide rails  25  may thus be formed of guide rail elements of a certain length e.g. 5 m. The guide rail elements  25  may be installed end-on-end one after the other. The guide rail elements  25  may be attached to each other with connection plates extending between the end portions of two consecutive guide rail elements  25 . The connection plates may be attached to the consecutive guide rail elements  25 . The ends of the guide rails  25  may comprise some kind of form locking means in order to position the guide rails  25  correctly in relation to each other. The guide rails  25  may be attached to the walls  21  of the elevator shaft  20  with support means at support points along the height of the guide rails  25 . 
     The car  10  may transport people and/or goods between the landings in the building. 
       FIG.  2    shows plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  in the shaft  20 , which may be produced by plumbing of the shaft  20  before the installation of the elevator. The plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  may be formed with traditional wires or with light sources e.g. lasers having the beams directed upwards along the plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2 . One plumb line and a gyroscope or two plumb lines are normally needed for a global measurement reference in the shaft  20 . 
       FIG.  1    shows a first direction S 1 , which is a vertical direction in the elevator shaft  20 .  FIG.  2    shows a second direction S 2 , which is the direction between the guide rails (DBG) and a third direction S 3 , which is the direction from the back wall to the front wall (BTF) in the shaft  20 . The second direction S 2  is perpendicular to the third direction S 3 . The second direction S 2  and the third direction S 3  are perpendicular to the first direction S 1 . 
       FIG.  3    shows an arrangement for installing guide rails. 
     The figure shows five landings L 1 -L 5  in the shaft  20 , but there could naturally be any number of landings in the shaft  20 . 
     A first hoist H 1  may be arranged in the shaft  20  in order to move a transport platform  500  upwards and downwards in the shaft  20 . The first hoist H 1  may be suspended from the ceiling of the shaft  20 . 
     A second hoist H 2  may be arranged in the shaft  20  in order to move a transport apparatus  600  upwards and downwards in the shaft  20 . The second hoist H 2  may be suspended from a ceiling of the shaft  20 . 
     The transport platform  500  may be supported with rolls on opposite solid walls  21  in the shaft  20 . There is no need to connect the transport platform  500  to the guide rails  25  in any way. The transport platform  500  may be used to transport one or more technicians and/or one or more robots and/or tools in the shaft  20 . A horizontal cross-section of the transport platform  500  may be provided with passages for the guide rails  25 . The transport platform  500  may be used for measuring the shaft  20  before the elevator installation and/or for installing the guide rails to the wall  21  of the shaft  20  and/or for aligning the guide rails  25  after the elevator installation. 
     A storage area SA may be arranged on the first landing L 1 . The storage area SA could naturally be arranged at any position below the working level of the guide rail installation. The storage area SA could first be positioned on the first landing L 1  and then later relocated to a higher landing as the installation advances. The guide rail elements  25  may be stored on the storage area SA and lifted with the transport apparatus  600 . The guide rail elements  25  may be loaded manually on the transport apparatus  600 . 
     The shaft  20  may first be measured with measuring equipment  800  positioned on a transport platform  500 . The results of the measurement may then be used to determine the form of the shaft  20  and the position of the fastening points for the guide rails  25  along the height of the shaft  20 . 
     Adjustable fastening brackets  50  may then be attached to the guide rails  25  based on the information received in the measurement stage. The fastening brackets  50  may further be adjusted based on the information received in the measurement stage. 
     The measurement of the shaft  20  and the attachment and adjustment of the fastening brackets  50  may be done before the installation of the guide rail  25  takes place in the shaft  20 . The fastening and adjustment of the fastening brackets  50  to the guide rail elements  25  may take place at the elevator installation site. The guide rail elements  25  provided with the fastening brackets  50  should be marked so that they can be identified later when the installation of the guide rail elements  25  starts. A guide rail element  25  provided with the fastening brackets  50  belongs to a specific row of guide rail elements  25  and to a specific height position in the specific row of guide rail elements  25 . 
     A first lowermost section of guide rails  25  may be installed into the shaft  20  manually. The transport platform  500  may be used in the manual installation of the first section of guide rails  25  to the shaft  20 . 
     The figure shows a situation in which a first guide rail element  25  in a second section of guide rails  25  is lifted upwards in the shaft  20  with the transport apparatus  600  connected to the second hoist H 2 . The transport apparatus  600  may comprise a hook device  300  connected to the second hoist H 2  and a lever device  400  connected to the hook device  300 . The hook device  300  may be connected with a first wire  350  to the second hoist H 2 . The lever device  400  may be connected with a second wire  360  to the hook device  300 . The lever device  400  may comprise an upper lever part  410  and a lower lever part  420 . The upper lever part  410  and the lower lever part  420  may be connected to each other with a lever arm  430 . 
     An upper end of the guide rail element  25  may be attached to the hook device  300  and thereby to the second hoist H 2 . 
     A lower end of the guide rail element  25  to be lifted may be attached to the upper lever part  410 . The lower lever part  420  may be glidingly supported on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . 
     The guide rail element  25  may thus be lifted with the second hoist H 2  and the transport apparatus  600  along the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The upper end of the guide rail element  25  may be firmly attached to the hook device  300 . The lifting force is thus transferred from the second hoist H 2  to the hook device  300  and further to the guide rail element  25 . The lower end of the guide rail element  25  may be attached to the upper lever part  410 . The lower lever part  420  may glide on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The lower lever part  420  may be glidingly connected to the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  during the upward movement. 
     The guide rail element  25  may be lifted along the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  to a height in which the lower lever part  420  reaches the upper end of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . 
     The guide rail element  25  may then be disconnected from the lever device  400 . The lower end of the guide rail element  25  may thereafter be connected to the upper end of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The guide rail element  25  may finally be attached to the wall  21  of the shaft  20 . 
     The transport device  600  may thereafter be moved downwards along the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  with the second hoist H 2 . The lever device  400  may glide on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  when moving downwards. The lever device  400  may be glidingly supported of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The hook device  300  may in an embodiment be glidingly supported on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  during the downwards movement of the hook device  300  in the shaft  20 . 
     A control unit  700  may be used to control the measurements, to store the information received from the measurements and to perform calculations based on the information received from the measurements. The control unit  700  may further send the information received from the measurements to a display device. The attachment and alignment of the fastening brackets on the guide rail elements  25  may be done based on the displayed information. 
       FIG.  4    shows an arrangement for joining guide rails. 
     The figure shows one possibility of joining two consecutive guide rail elements  25  together with jointing clamps  100 ,  200  provided on the guide rail element  25 . The figure shows a lower end portion of an upper guide rail element  25  and an upper end portion of a lower guide rail element  25 . The two guide rail elements  25  are to be joined together. 
     A cross-section of the guide rail element  25  may have the form of a letter T having a flat bottom portion  25 A and a flat support portion  25 B protruding outwardly from the middle of the bottom portion  25 A. The guide rail element  25  may be attached with fastening brackets to a wall  21  in the shaft  20  from the bottom portion  25 A of the guide rail element  25 . The support portion  25 B of the guide rail element  25  may form two opposite side support surfaces and one end support surface for the support shoes of the car  10  or the counterweight  41 . The support shoes may be provided with gliding surfaces or rollers acting on the support surfaces of the support portion  25 B of the guide rail element  25 . 
     Each guide rail element  25  may be provided with a first jointing clamp  100  attached to a first end of the guide rail element  25  and a second jointing clamp  200  attached to a second opposite end of the guide rail element  25 . The first end of the guide rail element  25  may be the lower end of the guide rail element  25  and the second end of the guide rail element  25  may be the upper end of the guide rail element  25 . The figure shows the first jointing clamp  100  on the lower end of the upper guide rail element  25  and the second jointing clamp  200  on the upper end of the lower guide rail element  25 . 
     Each guide rail element  25  may be provided with transverse through holes in the bottom portion  25 B of the guide rail element  25  at each end of the guide rail element  25 . The first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  may on the other hand be provided with corresponding threaded holes. Bolts may pass through the holes in the bottom portion in the guide rail element  25  into the threaded holes in the first and the second jointing clamp  100 ,  200  in order to attach the first and the second jointing clamp  100 ,  200  to the respective end of the guide rail element  25 . The jointing clamps  100 ,  200  are thus positioned on an opposite surface of the bottom portion of the guide rail  25  in relation to the support portion of the guide rail  25 . 
     A first outer end of the first jointing clamp  100  may be substantially flush with the lower end of the guide rail element  25 . The first jointing clamp  100  may comprise male joint elements  110  extending in a longitudinal direction outwards from the first end of the first jointing clamp  100 . The longitudinal direction may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the guide rail element  25 . The male joint elements  110  may be adapted to pass into corresponding female joint elements  210  in the second jointing clamp  200 . The male joint elements  110  may have an equal axial length B 1 . The axial length B 1  of the male joint elements  110  could on the other hand be staggered. The benefit of using male joint elements  110  with a staggered axial length B 1  would be to be able to guide the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  into a correct position in relation to each other in one direction at a time. The first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  may be pre-set into correct positions on the guide rail elements  25  before the installation in the shaft  20 . The pre-setting is beneficial when using male joint elements  110  with an equal axial length B 1 . 
     The male joint elements  110  may be formed of pins. A transverse cross-section of the pins may be circular. The female joint elements  210  may be formed of holes. A transverse cross-section of holes corresponds to the transverse cross-section of the pins. 
     The number of male joint elements  110  as well as the number of female joint elements  210  is three in this embodiment, but there could be any number of male joint elements  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  and a corresponding number of female joint elements  210  in the second jointing clamp  200 . There may thus be at least one male joint element  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  and at least one female joint element  210  in the second jointing clamp  200 . The three mail joint elements  110  and the three female joint elements  210  may be positioned in the corners of a triangle. 
     The number of male joint elements  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  and the number of female joint elements  220  in the second jointing clamp  200  may be equal. 
     The first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  may form a plug-in joint between two consecutive guide rail elements  25 . 
     The first jointing clamp  100  may be produced so that through holes are bored in the longitudinal direction of the first jointing clamp  100 . The male joint elements  110  are then inserted into the holes and attached in the holes with a pressure joint. There will thus remain blind bored holes extending into the first jointing clamp  100  from the second inner end of the first jointing clamp  100 . 
     A first outer end of the second jointing clamp  200  may be substantially flush with the upper end of the guide rail element  25 . The second jointing clamp  200  may comprise holes  210  passing in a longitudinal direction into the second jointing clamp  200  from the first end of the second jointing clamp  200 . The longitudinal direction may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the guide rail element  25 . The holes  210  may be through holes passing through the second jointing clamp  200 . 
     The two consecutive guide rail elements  25  will be in a correct position in relation to each other when the pins  110  of the first jointing clamp  100  have been pushed fully into the holes  210  of the second jointing clamp  200 . The first end surface of the first jointing clamp  100  and the first end surface of the second jointing clamp  200  are then positioned against each other. The opposite surfaces of the two consecutive guide rail elements  25  are also positioned against each other in this position. 
     The weight of the one or more upper guide rail element  25  will keep the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  together. The guide rail elements  25  will naturally also be attached to the wall  21  of the shaft  20  with fastening brackets, whereby movement of the guide rail elements  25  in any direction is eliminated. There is thus probably no need for a separate locking between the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200 . It is naturally possible to provide a separate locking between the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  if needed. The locking could be realized as a snap locking between the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200 . 
     Another possibility would be to provide e.g. the outer end of the middlemost pin  110  with a threading. The middlemost pin  110  could be made long enough so that the outer end of the pin would protrude out from the opposite end of the second jointing clamp  200 , when the first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  are joined together. A nut could then be screwed on the threading in the middlemost pin  110  in order to lock the two jointing clamps  100 ,  200  together. 
     The opposite end surfaces of two consecutive guide rail elements  25  may further be provided with a form locking. One end surface could be provided with a groove and the opposite end surface could be provided with a protrusion seating into the groove. 
     The first jointing clamp  100  and the second jointing clamp  200  may be made of cast iron or of aluminium. 
     The pins  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  may be made of cold drawn steel bars. The pins  110  could on the other hand also be made of plastic. 
     The outer ends of the pins  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  may be chamfered in order to facilitate the alignment of the pins  110  into the holes  210  in the second jointing clamp  200 . 
       FIG.  5    shows a hook device of a transport apparatus. 
     The hook device  300  may comprise a body portion  310  and two locking members  320 ,  330  pivotably attached to the body portion  310 . Each locking member  320 ,  330  may comprise two parallel rocker arms at a distance from each other. The rocker arms may be pivotably supported via a first shaft  311  on the body portion  310 . A second shaft  312  may pass between the outer ends of the rocker arms. The second shaft  312  may protrude upwards from the upper rocker arm. The rocker arms may be spring loaded. The locking members  320 ,  330  are shown in an open position in the figure. The locking members  320 ,  330  turn into the locking position when there is tension in the first wire  350  passing to the first hoist H 1 . The outer ends of the locking members  320 ,  330  provided with the second shaft  312  will thus turn towards each other so that the outer ends of the second shaft  312  protrude into a respective hole  211 ,  212  in the second jointing clamp  200  attached to the end of the guide rail element  25 . 
     The locking members  320 ,  330  will turn into the open position shown in the figure when the tension in the first wire  350  passing to the first hoist H 1  is released. The hook  300  will fall downwards so that the outer ends of the second shaft  312  of the locking members  320 ,  330  falls out from the respective holes  211 ,  212  in the second jointing clamp  200 . The spring means will then push the locking members  320 ,  330  into the open position shown in the figure. 
     The hook device  300  may, when the locking members  320 ,  330  are in the open position, glide along the guide rail  25  downwards when the first hoist H 1  unwinds the first wire  350  passing from the first hoist H 1  to the hook  300 . The weight of the hook device  300  will ensure that the hook device  300  glides downwards along the guide rail  25  when the first support wire  350  is unwounded from the first hoist H 1 . 
       FIG.  6    shows a lever device of a transport apparatus. 
     The lever device  400  comprises an upper lever part  410  and a lower lever part  420 . The lower lever part  420  glides on the already installed guide rail  25 . The upper lever part  410  receives a lower end of the guide rail element  25  to be lifted. The upper lever part  410  is connected to the lower lever part  420  via a lever arm  430 . 
       FIG.  6    shows the lever device  400  during the lifting of the guide rail element  25 . The lower lever part  420  of the lever device  400  glides on the guide rail  25  that have already been installed to the wall  21  of the shaft  20 . The lower end of the guide rail element  25  to be lifted is supported on the upper lever part  410  of the lever device  400 . The lever arm  430  may be pivotably attached to the upper lever part  410  and to the lower lever part  420  of the lever device  400 . The lever arm  430  is shown in an inclined position forming a first operational position. The lever arm  430  may be locked in this first operational position so that the guide rail element  25  to be lifted is kept at a distance from the guide rail  25  that has already been installed to the wall  21  of the shaft  20 . The upper lever part  410  is at a distance A 1  from the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . This distance A 1  leaves room for the guide rail element  25  provided with the first jointing clamp  100  to pass on the outer side of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25  when the guide rail element  25  is lifted. 
       FIGS.  7 - 9    show the lever device of the transport apparatus in different positions. 
     The second hoist H 2  may be connected with a first wire  350  to the transport apparatus  600  i.e. to the hook device  300  of the transport apparatus  600  positioned at the upper end of the transport apparatus  600 . The lever device  400  of the transport apparatus  600  may be connected with a second wire  360  to the hook device  300 . (see  FIG.  3   ). 
       FIG.  7    shows the lever device  400  in a position in which the lever device  400  has just reached the upper end of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . 
       FIG.  8    shows the lever device  400  in a position in which the lower part  420  of the lever device has stopped at the upper end of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The locking of the lever arm  430  has been released and the lever arm  430  has been stretched out into a straight position in relation to the longitudinal direction of the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . 
       FIG.  9    shows the lever device  400  in a position in which the lever device  400  has moved downwards so that the pins  110  in the first jointing clamp  100  have been pushed into the respective holes  210  in the second jointing clamp  200 . 
       FIG.  10    shows a cross-section of a guide rail. 
     A cross-section of the guide rail element  25  may have the form of a letter T having a flat bottom portion  25 A and a flat support portion  25 B protruding outwardly from the middle of the bottom portion  25 A. The guide rail element  25  may be attached with fastening brackets to a wall  21  in the shaft  20  from the bottom portion  25 A of the guide rail element  25 . The support portion  25 B of the guide rail element  25  may form two opposite side support surfaces  25 B 1 ,  25 B 2  and one end support surface  25 B 3  for the support shoes of the car  10  or the counterweight  41 . The support shoes may be provided with gliding surfaces or rollers acting on the support surfaces  25 B 1 ,  25 B 2 ,  25 B 3  of the support portion  25 B of the guide rail element  25 . 
     The hook device  300  and the lever device  400  i.e. the upper lever part  410  and the lower lever part  420  may be provided with rollers  441 ,  442  or gliding shoes rolling or gliding on the inner thinner portion  25 B 4  of the support portion  25 B of the guide rail  25 . The rollers  441 ,  442  or gliding shoes may be positioned in the transition between the lower thinner portion  25 B 4  and the outer thicker portion  25 B 5  of the support portion  25 B of the guide rail  25 . The rollers  441 ,  442  in the hook device  300  will keep the hook device  300  secured to the guide rail  25  during the downwards movement of the hook device  300  on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The rollers  441 ,  442  in the lower lever part  420  will keep the lever device  400  secured to the guide rail  25  during the upwards and downwards movement of the lever device  400  on the row of already installed guide rail elements  25 . The rollers  441 ,  442  in the upper lever part  410  will keep the lower end of the guide rail element  25  secured to the upper lever part  410  during the upwards movement of the transport device  600  on the guide rail  25 . 
     The rollers  441 ,  442  may be movably supported in the hook device  300  and in the lever device  400 . The rollers  441 ,  442  may be moved between a first position in which the rollers  441 ,  442  are in contact with the guide rail  25  as seen in the figure and a second position in which the rollers  441 ,  442  are out of contact from the guide rail  25 . The hook device  300  and the lever device  400  may be disconnected from the guide rail  25  when the rollers  441 ,  442  are in the second position. 
       FIG.  11    shows a transport platform. 
     The transport platform  500  may comprise a bottom plane  510  and a roof plane  520  positioned at a vertical distance above the bottom plane  510 . The bottom plane  510  may form a work surface for one or more technicians and/or for one or more robots. Vertical support bars  530  may extend between the bottom plane  510  and the roof plane  520 . Two support rollers  540  are provided at opposite ends in each plane  510 ,  520  in the transport platform  500 . The support rollers  540  support the transport platform  500  on opposite walls  21  in the shaft  20 . The support rollers  540  keep the transport platform  500  substantially in a horizontal plane when the transport platform  500  is moved upwards and downwards in the shaft  20 . The transport platform  500  may further be provided with locking means for locking the transport platform to the walls  21  in the shaft  20 . The locking means could be realized with hydraulic cylinders acting against two opposite walls  21  in the shaft  20 . 
     By-pass passages  550 ,  551  for guide rail elements  25  to be lifted during the installation of the guide rails  25  may further be formed in the transport platform  500 . The by-pass passages  550 ,  551  may be formed of recesses protruding inwards from a perimeter of the transport platform  500 . The by-pass passages  550 ,  551  also provide space for the plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  to by-pass the transport platform  500 . 
     The transport platform  500  may be provided with measuring equipment for measuring the form of the shaft  20  and/or the position of the fastening points for the guide rails  50  in the shaft  20  and/or the position of the transport platform  500  in the shaft  20 . The transport platform  500  may be provided with measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  for measuring the position of the transport platform  500  in relation to the shaft  20 . The measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  may determine the position of the transport platform  500  in the shaft  20  based on the plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  once the transport platform  500  is locked in the shaft  20 . The measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  can be based on a sensor measuring without contact the position of the plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  being formed of wires. Another possibility is to use light sources e.g. lasers on the bottom of the elevator shaft producing upwards directed light beams that can be measured with the measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  on the transport platform  500 . The measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  could be light sensitive sensors or digital imaging devices measuring the hit points of the light beams produced by the light sources. The light source could be a robotic total station, whereby the measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13  would be reflectors reflecting the light beams back to the robotic total station. The robotic total station would then measure the position of the measuring devices MD 10 , MD 11 , MD 12 , MD 13 . 
     The transport platform  500  may further be provided with distance measurement devises MD 15 , MD 16  for measuring the vertical position i.e. the height position of the transport platform  500  in the shaft  20 . The distance measurement may be based on a laser measurement. 
       FIG.  12    shows a fastening bracket. 
     The fastening bracket  50  may be formed of two separate bracket parts  60 ,  70  that are movably attached to each other. The first bracket part  60  may have the shape of a letter L with a vertical portion  61  and a horizontal portion  62 . The second bracket part  70  may also have the shape of a letter L with a vertical portion  71  and a horizontal portion  72 . The first bracket part  60  may be attached to the guide rail  25  and a second bracket part  70  may be attached to a wall  21  in the shaft  20 . The horizontal portions  62 ,  72  of the two bracket parts  60 ,  70  may be adjustably attached to each other. 
     The vertical portion  61  of the first bracket part  60  may be attached with a clamp  65  and a bolt  66  to the bottom portion  25 A of the guide rail  25 . 
     The vertical portion  71  of the second bracket part  70  may be attached to the wall  21  in the shaft  20  with anchor bolts  76 . The vertical portion  71  in the second bracket part  70  may comprise oblong openings  75  being open at the lower end of the vertical portion  71  in the second bracket part  70 . Holes for the anchor bolts  76  may be drilled into the walls  21  of the shaft  20  at predetermined positions already before the installation of the guide rails  25  is started. Anchor bolts  76  may be screwed into the holes. The anchor bolts  76  may be screwed only partly into the threading so that the head of the anchor bolts  76  is at a distance from the fastening surface. 
     The horizontal portion  62  of the first bracket part  60  and the horizontal portion  72  second bracket part  70  may be attached each other with bolts passing through oblong openings in the horizontal portion  62  of the first bracket part  60  and in the horizontal portion  72  of the second bracket part  70 . The oblong openings may be dimensioned so that it is possible to fine adjust the position of the first bracket part  60  in relation to the second bracket part  70  in order to be able to align the guide rails  25 . 
     The fastening brackets  50  may be installed into predetermined positions on the guide rail elements  25  to be installed already before the guide rail elements  25  to be installed are lifted in the shaft  20 . 
     The fastening brackets  50  that have been attached to the guide rail elements  25  already before the guide rails elements  25  are lifted will then become positioned just above the bolts  76  when the lever arm  430  turns to the second operational position. Lowering of the guide rail element  25  to be installed will also lower the fastening brackets  50  attached to the guide rail element  25  so that the oblong openings  75  glide on the bolts  76 . 
     Tightening of the bolts  76  will attach the second bracket part  70  of the fastening bracket  50  to the wall  21  in the shaft  20 . The bolts  76  may be tightened from the transport platform  500  manually by a technician or with a robot. 
     Another possibility would be to drill the anchor holes during the installation of the guide rails  25 . This could be done manually or automatically from the transport platform  500 . 
     The guide rails  25  may be aligned after they have been installed to the respective walls  21  in the shaft  20 . The alignment of the guide rails  25  may be done by in any known manner. 
       FIG.  13    shows a vertical cross-section of the shaft exemplifying the measurement of the shaft. 
     The figure shows on the left hand side in connection with a first side wall  21  of the shaft  20  an upper fastening point FP 1  and a lower fastening point FP 2 . The two fastening points FP 1 , FP 2  are positioned at a vertical distance Z 1  apart from each other. A guide rail element  25  will be fasted with fastening brackets  50  to the fastening points FP 1 , FP 2 . 
     The figure shows on the right hand side in connection with a second opposite side wall  21  of the shaft  20  an upper fastening point FP 3  and a lower fastening point FP 4 . The two fastening points FP 3 , FP 4  are positioned at a vertical distance Z 2  apart from each other. A guide rail element  25  will be fasted with fastening brackets  50  to the fastening points FP 3 , FP 4 . 
     The figure shows further the vertical plumb lines PL 1 , PL 2  in the shaft  20 . The distance X 1 , X 2  from a plumb line PL 1 , PL 2  to a closest fastening point FP 1 , FP 3  may thus be measured. These distances X 1 , X 2  are thus measured in the direction between guide rails (DBG). 
       FIG.  14    shows a horizontal cross-section of the shaft exemplifying the measurement of the shaft. 
     The figure shows on the left hand side in connection with a first side wall  21  of the shaft  20  two fastening points FP 1 R, FP 1 L positioned at a distance from each other in a horizontal plane in the shaft  20 . These two fastening points FP 1 R, FP 1 L are intended for one fastening bracket  50 . The fastening bracket  50  is attached from two support points FP 1 R, FP 1 L to the first side wall  21  of the shaft  20  as can be seen in  FIG.  12   . 
     The figure shows on the left hand side in connection with a second opposite side wall  21  of the shaft  20  two fastening points FP 3 R, FP 3 L positioned at a predetermined distance from each other in a horizontal plane in the shaft  20 . These two fastening points FP 3 R, FP 3 L are intended for one fastening bracket  50 . 
     The distance Y 1  from the first plumb line PL 1  to the closest left hand fastening point FP 1 R may be measured. The distance from the second plumb line PL 2  to the closest right hand fastening point FP 3 L may also be measured in a corresponding way. The distance between the left hand fastening points FP 1 L, FP 1 R is known and the distance between the right hand fastening points FP 3 L, FP 3 R is also known. The distances are thus measured in the direction between the back wall and the front wall of the shaft (BTF). 
     These measurements may be done from the transport platform  500  before the installation of the elevator takes place. 
       FIG.  15    shows the attachment of the fastening brackets on the guide rail. 
     The figure shows a display device  710  which may be connected to the control unit  700 . Attachment of the fastening brackets  50  into a correct position on the guide rail element  25  may be done based on the information received from the display device  710 . The display device  710  may show the distance Z 12  to the lower fastening bracket  50  and the distance Z 11  to the upper fastening bracket  50  measured from the lower end of the specific guide rail element  25 . A technician may thus first retrieve this distance information Z 11 , Z 12  for a specific guide rail element  25 , e.g. GR  13 , from the display device  710  after which the technician may attach the fastening brackets  50  into a correct position on the specific guide rail element  25 . 
       FIG.  16    shows the adjustment of the fastening brackets. 
     The figure shows a display device  710  which may be connected to the control unit  700 . Adjustment of the fastening brackets  50  into a correct position on the guide rail element  25  may be done based on the information received from the display device  710 . The display device  710  may show the BTF adjustment point on a line scale formed on the fastening bracket  50 . There may be a single reference line on the second bracket part  70  and several adjacent lines on the first bracket part  60 . The display device  710  may further show the DBG adjustment points on both sides of the fastening bracket  50  on a line scale formed on the fastening bracket  50 . There may be several adjacent lines formed on the second bracket part  70 . The lower edge of the first bracket part  60  may form a single reference line. A technician may thus first retrieve this BFT and DGB adjustment information for a specific guide rail element  25 , e.g. GR  13 , and a specific fastening bracket, e.g. FB  1 , from the display device  710  after which the technician may adjust the specific fastening bracket FB  1  into a correct position on the specific guide rail element  25 . 
     The oblong openings  68  in the horizontal portions  62 ,  72  of the two bracket parts  60 ,  70  and the bolts  67  attaching the two bracket parts  60 ,  70  to each other are also shown in the figure. The clamps  65  and the bolts  66  for attaching the first bracket part  60  to the guide rail  25  are also shown in the figure. 
       FIG.  17    shows a first embodiment of a guide rail pre-setting bench. 
     The guide rail pre-setting bench  800  may comprise a frame  801 , a jointing clamp setting unit  810 ,  820  at each end portion of the frame  801 , and a guide rail straightening unit  850  in a middle portion of the frame  801 . 
     The guide rail element  25  may be positioned in the frame  801  and attached to the frame  801  from both ends and from the middle with fastening means  802 ,  803 ,  804  provided on the frame  801 . The straightness of the guide rail element  25  may thereafter be measured. The guide rail element  25  may be forced to be straight with the fastening means  804  on the middle portion of the frame  801 . The dimensions and the flatness of the guide rail element  25  interface surface  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  for the jointing clamps  100 ,  200  may be checked to a common reference. A correct amount and/or thickness of shims may then be installed into correct positions on the interface surface  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  based on the previous measurement of the guide rail interface surfaces  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  for the jointing clamps  100 ,  200 . The jointing clamps  100 ,  200  may thereafter be attached to the interface surfaces  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  of the guide rail element  25 , whereby the shims secure the correct position of the jointing clamps  100 ,  200 . The interface surface  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  may be a standard interface surface provided on the guide rail elements  25  for attaching the connection plates between the ends of two consecutive guide rail elements  25 . 
     The fastening of the jointing clamps  100 ,  200  to the guide rail element  25  may be done manually in the bench. This could, however, also be done partly or fully automatically in the bench. 
       FIG.  18    shows a second embodiment of a guide rail pre-setting bench. 
     The guide rail pre-setting bench  800  may comprise a frame  801 , a jointing clamp setting unit  810 ,  820  at each end portion of the frame  801 , a fastening bracket setting unit  830 ,  840  at each end portion of the frame  801 , and a guide rail straightening unit  850  in a middle portion of the frame  801 . 
     The fastening bracket setting units  830 ,  840  may be movable in a longitudinal direction of the frame  801  along guide bars  835  provided on the frame  801 . 
     The fastening brackets  50  may be attached to the guide rail element  25  with the fastening bracket setting units  830 ,  840 . The fastening bracket setting units  830 ,  840  may be used in order to position the fastening brackets  50  into correct position on the guide rail element  50 . The fastening brackets  50  may thereafter be adjusted as described earlier. 
     The fastening of the fastening brackets  50  to the guide rail element  25  may be done manually in the bench. This could, however, also be done partly or fully automatically in the bench. 
     The adjustment of the fastening brackets  50  may also be done manually in the bench. This could, however, also be done partly or fully automatically in the bench. 
     The guide rail pre-setting bench  800  may be provided with several servo motors in connection with the jointing clamp setting units  810 ,  820 , the fastening bracket setting units  830 ,  840 , and the guide rail straightening unit  850  in order to be able to perform an automatic installation and/or adjustment of the jointing clamps  100 ,  200  and/or the fastening brackets  50  on the guide rail element  25 . Also a mixture of automatic and manual steps could be used in this connection. 
     The use of jointing clamps  100 ,  200  at the ends of the guide rail elements  25  is a further advantageous option in the invention. The jointing clamps  100 ,  200  are not, however, necessary in the invention. The guide rail elements  25  could be provided only with the fastening brackets  50  and a connection plate attached to the upper interface surface  25 F 1 ,  25 F 2  of the guide rail element  25  to be lifted in the shaft  20 . The hook device  300  could be attached to the upper end of the guide rail element  25  into the step between the guide rail element  25  and the connection plate. The consecutive guide rail elements  25  would then be connected to each other with the connection plates instead of the jointing clamps  100 ,  200 . 
     The measuring equipment  800  positioned on the transport platform  500  for measuring the shaft  20  may be formed of any measurement equipment suitable for the purpose of measuring the form of the shaft  20  and the position of the fastening points in the shaft  20 . The measuring equipment  800  could be formed of a single measuring device or of several measuring devices. The measuring equipment  800  could be formed of multiple low cost distance measurement sensors e.g. radar and/or ultra sound and/or laser distance sensors and/or inductive sensors arranged to scan the shaft  20  in order to achieve the measurement results that are needed in this invention. 
     The measuring equipment  800  could naturally also be formed of a laser scanner as well as of a 3D vision system. These systems are, however, based on detecting measurements from 3D point clouds, whereby a lot of memory and computing capacity is needed. The computing is also time consuming. These systems might therefore not be optimal as measuring equipment  800  in this invention. 
     The figures show an embodiment in which only one second hoist H 2  with a transport device  600  is used. The suspension point for the second hoist H 2  would have to be changed during the installation. Each row of guide rail elements  25  to be installed would need a suspension point of their own for the second hoist H 2 . Several second hoists H 2  could naturally be suspended from the ceiling of the shaft  20 . Each second hoist H 2  would thus be provided with a transport device  600  of its own. This would mean that several rows of guide rails  25  could be installed simultaneously into the shaft  20 . 
     The invention is not limited to the fastening bracket  50  shown in the figures. Any kind of adjustable fastening brackets  50  may be used in the invention. 
     The shaft  20  in the figures is intended for only one car  10 , but the invention could naturally be used in shafts intended for several cars  10 . Such elevator shafts  10  could be divided into sub-shafts for each car  10  with steel bars. Horizontal steel bars could be provided at predetermined intervals along the height of the shaft  20 . A part of the guide rails  25  would then be attached to the steel bars in the shaft  20 . Another part of the guide rails  25  would be attached to solid walls  21  in the shaft  20 . 
     The invention may be used in low rise or in high rise buildings. The benefits of the invention are naturally greater in high rise buildings. High rise buildings may have a hoisting height over 75 meters, preferably over 100 meters, more preferably over 150 meters, most preferably over 250 meters. 
     The use of the invention is not limited to the elevator disclosed in the figures. The invention can be used in any type of elevator e.g. an elevator comprising a machine room or lacking a machine room, an elevator comprising a counterweight or lacking a counterweight. The counterweight could be positioned on either side wall or on both side walls or on the back wall of the elevator shaft. The drive, the motor, the traction sheave, and the machine brake could be positioned in a machine room or somewhere in the elevator shaft. The car guide rails could be positioned on opposite side walls of the shaft or on a back wall of the shaft in a so called ruck-sack elevator. 
     It will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that, as the technology advances, the inventive concept can be implemented in various ways. The invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above but may vary within the scope of the claims.