Patent Publication Number: US-2023162554-A1

Title: Modular casino service processing devices

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION DATA 
     This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/282,835, filed Nov. 24, 2021, which application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to casino financial processing and patron service equipment such as customer and attendant kiosks, cashier equipment and the like. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     A variety of configurations of service stations which are configured to facilitate services by or for casino personnel and patrons/players are well known. Casino service stations may include workstations used by casino attendants at a cashier&#39;s cage or service desk, or kiosks or other devices, such as for facilitating monetary transactions including jackpot payment, and other functions such as player verification or tracking, etc. (collectively “service stations”). Existing service stations have a number of drawbacks, however. 
     First, conventional casino workstations generally require a casino attendant to operate each station. As a result, a large number attendants are required at cashier&#39;s cages or service desks. 
     Second, there are numerous problems when considering the cost of manufacturing and developing service stations. Generally, each service station is specifically designed to implement one or more specific services. The service stations are generally constructed as a secure housing which contains or support the particular components which are necessary to implement the particular services. In addition, the circuitry for each service station is generally specific to the particular service station. For example, the configuration of the controller, wiring, and peripheral devices for a casino cashier workstation may vary greatly from the configuration of a jackpot processing kiosk. 
     These issues may require that a tremendous number of components be manufactured and assembled, in a variety of configurations, to create the variety of individual service stations. This can contribute to an increase amount of time for manufacturing, higher cost of parts inventory, and a higher cost of production. Further, because conventional service stations are assembled into a particular configuration, they may be large and thus not well-suited to being transported. Lastly, the creation of individual service stations with particular configurations may result in service stations which do not have the exact configuration of features which an operator desires. Casinos continue to implement new services for patrons. For example, new technology such as cashless payment methods and player loyalty systems require new devices, such as to facilitate player authentication/validation and player loyalty card dispensing. However, existing service stations may not support such functionality. 
     A solution to the problems listed above is desired. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Aspects of the invention comprise modular service stations, such as a modular casino service processing devices, and methods of assembling and using the same. 
     In one embodiment, a modular casino service station comprises a base module, where the base module comprises a housing, a controller located in the housing, at least one first connector associated with the housing, a first communication interface, the first communication interface in communication with the controller, and a secondary module, the secondary module comprising a housing, at least one second connector associated with the housing and configured to connect to the at least one first connector, and a second communication interface, the second communication interface configured to communicatively couple with the first communication interface, wherein the secondary module and the base module are selectively coupled by the at least one first connector and the at least one second connector so that the base module is adjacent to the secondary module, the second communication interface is communicatively coupled with the first communication interface, and wherein the base module and the secondary module comprise at least one of a currency dispenser module, a player loyalty interface module, a currency recycler module, a user interface module and a storage module. 
     Other embodiments comprise methods of creating modular casino stations, such as by selecting individual modules, such as a base module and at least one secondary module, and connecting the secondary module to the base module. 
     Further objects, features, and advantages of the present invention over the prior art will become apparent from the detailed description of the drawings which follows, when considered with the attached figures. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is an exemplary embodiment of a modular service station in accordance with the invention; 
         FIG.  2    illustrates an exemplary environment of use of different configurations of modular service station at a casino cashier&#39;s cage or service desk; and 
         FIG.  3    illustrates a system comprising an exemplary environment of use of one or more modular service stations in a casino service area. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough description of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the invention. 
     Embodiments of the invention comprise modular service stations, methods of assembly and methods of using modular service stations. In one embodiment, the modular service station comprises a modular casino services processing device, such as for facilitating financial processing, player loyalty or other services. 
     One aspect of the invention is a modular service station. The service station may be said to be “modular” in the sense that it comprises a number of individual components which may be selectively associated with one another (physically and/or functionally), to generate service stations of different configurations. 
     In one embodiment, the modular service station may comprise a base module which provides base functionality, or a base module and one or more secondary modules which may be selectively associated with the base module, such as to provide additional or modified functionality to the base module. 
     In one embodiment, the base module may comprise at least one internal controller located in a secure housing. The secure housing may comprise a universal modular service station interface (“universal interface”). Other aspects of the invention comprise methods of assembling a modular service station and methods of using and/or operating a modular service station, such as by associating one or more secondary modules with the base module. 
     Aspects of the modular service station will be described first with reference to  FIG.  1   . In this embodiment, the modular service station comprises a casino services processing station, such as for facilitating financial services or other services, such as player loyalty or other functionality. 
     In one embodiment, the modular service station comprises a base module  110 . The base module  110  may be configured to implement or facilitate first or base casino services. The modular service station may further comprise one or more secondary modules which may be associated with the base module  110 , such as by being attached to or detached from the base module  110 . These secondary modules may be configured to provide or implement secondary functionality, such as one or second casino services or functions. Examples of such secondary modules comprise, but are not limited to, a user input module  120 , a storage module  130 , and a currency recycling module  140 . 
     In one embodiment, the base module  110  may include housing  111 , which may be a generally enclosed box or other enclosure. Portions of the housing  111  may be opened or removed to provide selective access to the interior thereof. The removable portions may be secured with one or more locks, such as a purely mechanical key-operated lock or an electro-mechanical lock, such as a card-reader, fob or other type lock. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the housing  111  of the base module  110  may be constructed of metal. The outside of each of the sides and components of the base module  110  may be painted, plated or the like, such as in a powder coat process in order to protect those components and improve the aesthetic appearance thereof. 
     The housing  111  may include a front, back, left (or first side), right (or second side), top, and bottom. Various interfaces may be provided in the housing  110 . For example, when the base module  110  includes a currency dispensing device, the front surface may include a currency dispenser outlet  112  to which the currency dispenser may dispense currency (including but not limited to bills, coins, or tickets, tokens, or any other type of item representing a monetary value). 
     The base module  110  may comprise a communication interface  114 , which may be configured to communicate and/or interface with external devices or systems, including other modules (discussed below), such as via wired communication (such as USB, HDMI, or any other type of cable or means for input/output). In one embodiment, the communication interface  114  may facilitate wireless communication with other modules. The communication interface  114  may also facilitate wired (such as via one or more cables) or wireless communication with user devices such as mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, etc. In the case of a wired or other physically connecting interface, the communication interface  114  may be located on any surface of the base module  110  (such as the back, left, right, or top surface). 
     In one embodiment, communication interfaces may be provided relative to each secondary module which is associated with the base module  110 . For example, one or more communication interfaces are provided relative to the user input module  120  for electronic connection to the base module  110 . In one embodiment, the communication interface may be male/female type electrical connectors or plugs, such as multi-pin connectors. The communication interfaces may be located at the ends of wiring runs, and those wiring runs may then be extended and plugged into one another during attachment of the modules (such as by extending them through openings in the modules). In another embodiment, the communication interfaces could be mounted in stationary locations which, when mating portions of the modules are connected, cause the communication interfaces to be connected (for example, one communication interface could be located at the top portion of the base module  110  for mating with a similarly positioned communication interface at the bottom portion of the user input module  120 . As described below, the wiring preferably leads to a universal service module interface which is configured to mate or connect a service module, whereby base module  110  device may interface with those additional service modules. 
     In one embodiment, the modules are physically connectable to form a unitary station. As such, the base module  110  may include one or more connectors  116 , which may be located on any surface of the base module  110  (such as the back, left, right, or top surface). Connectors  116  may include flanges, apertures, or any other type of connection/sealing mechanism configured to secure (physically connect/join) a secondary module to the base module  110 , such as via a secondary connector associated with the secondary module (which might comprise an opening through which a fastener associated with the base module may extend, a nut for engaging a threaded fastener or other secondary connecting feature). Preferably, a plurality of apertures and slots are defined in the components of the base module  110 , including the flanges thereof. In addition, a variety of studs may be connected to the various components and extend therefrom for use in connecting the components. 
     In one embodiment, one or more threaded fasteners may be passed through a wall or other portion of the housing  111  of the base module  110  into engagement with a secondary module. In a preferred embodiment, the threaded fastener(s) may extend from the interior of the housing  111  of the base module  110  into selective engagement with a secondary module. In this manner, when the housings are joined, the fasteners are no longer accessible, preventing the attached modules from being separated or removed by a party who does not have access to the interior of the housings thereof. 
     In one embodiment, the housing  111  may be provided with another or different locking mechanism. For example, the housing  111  may be configured to connect to a secondary module using an external lock or connection, such as may be spring-loaded and released. Such a connection may ensure that the housing  111  remains in position and the connectors  116  remain tightly engaged with other service modules. Preferably, when modules are connected, they are located adjacent to one another, and more preferably, are physically coupled and touching one another—such as by having a side (or top/bottom) of a housing of one module located against a side (or top/bottom) of a housing of another module. 
     In one embodiment, the one or more communication interfaces  114  may be located on or next to the one or more module connectors  116 . 
     One or more sides of the housing  111  of the base module  110  may include slots  118 , which may be covered by removable strips when not in use, such that the surface of the base module  110  may be smooth. Upon removing the cover strips, these slots  118  may be used to mount secondary modules (discussed below) directly onto the base module  110 . In one embodiment, the communication interfaces  114  may be located on the inside of the base module  110 , such as behind the slots. 
     The base module  110  may include a controller, which may be a computer-type configuration including a CPU. In such a configuration, the controller may comprise a motherboard having an associated memory and processor, among other components. In a preferred embodiment where the base module  110  is configured to facilitate basic casino financial services functionality or processing, the base module  110  includes a currency dispensing device. The currency dispensing device and secondary modules which are connected to the base module  110  may be configured to communicate with the processor via wired or wireless connection to a bus associated with the motherboard. The CPU may be powered by a power supply which obtains power from an outside source. Preferably, the various components of the controller are in communication with one or more communication interfaces  114 . 
     Preferably, the controller may be configured to generate and/or provide service data, which may include data or information which is presented to a user via a display (which, as detailed below, may be part of another service module, or comprise a connected peripheral user device). The data may also include control instructions or commands for operating various components of the base module  110  or secondary modules associated with the base module  110 . Peripherals of the base module  110  or components of associated secondary modules may be configured to communicate with the processor of the base module  110  via a bus associated with the motherboard. The CPU may be powered by a power supply which obtains power from an outside source. 
     In another embodiment, the controller of the base module  110  may be configured as a computer-type configuration including a CPU and input/output controller. The CPU may include a motherboard with embedded or associated processor, memory the like. Various inputs and outputs may be routed through an input/output board or controller. The components of the base module  110  may be provided in communication with one or more communication interfaces  114 . 
     As indicated below, the modular service station may simply comprise the base module  110 . For example, in an embodiment where the base module  110  is configured to implement currency dispensing functionality, the base module  110  might be used to provide that sole functionality, such as at a casino cashier station (as described below, in such an embodiment, a work station or peripherals such as a keyboard and display may be placed into communication with the base module  110 , such as by the communication interfaces  114 , to facilitate user input/communication with the base module  110 ). In such a configuration, the base module  110  may comprise a currency dispensing device which is located in the housing  111 . Such a dispenser may comprise one or more mechanisms for moving currency from one or more currency boxes or cassettes (such as may be refilled or replaced) for delivery to the outlet  112 , whereby a processed request for currency may result in the delivery of cash/currency (or a monetary value ticket or the like) to a casino attendant or a patron. 
     Most importantly, however, the modular service station may comprise the base module  110  and one or more associated secondary modules. The number and type of secondary modules which are associated with the base module  110  may vary, thus causing the end configuration of the modular service station to enable a variety of different functions. 
     As indicated above and still referring to  FIG.  1   , in one embodiment a secondary module may comprise a user input module  120 . The user input module  120  may again comprise a housing  121  which is configured to house and/or support various components of the module. Those components may include one or more communication interfaces like the communication interfaces  114  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the user input module  120  electronically to the base module  110 . The user input module  120  may also include connectors like the connectors  116  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the user input module  120  physically to the base module  110 . The attached user input module  120  may permit a user to operate the base module  110 . So combined, the modules  110 ,  120  may create a modular service station which operates like a kiosk or ATM to provide self-service (or as described below, partially attended service) currency dispensing to casino attendants or patrons/players. 
     The user input module  120  may include one or more output devices such as a display device  122 , a speaker, a headphone jack, or any other type of output devices configured to output information to a user, and one or more input devices such as a keyboard  124 , a microphone, a camera, or any other type of input devices configured to receive input from a user. 
     The user input module  120  may include a controller, which may be a computer-type configuration including a CPU. In such a configuration, the controller may comprise a motherboard having an associated memory and processor, among other components. The one or more input and output devices and the base module  110  to which the user input module  120  may be attached to may be configured to communicate with the processor via wired or wireless connection to a bus associated with the motherboard. The CPU may be powered by a power supply which obtains power from an outside source, or may be configured to be powered by the base module  110 . Preferably, the various components of the controller are in communication with the communication interface connecting the user input module  120  and the base module  110 . 
     As illustrated, the user input module  120  is configured to be mounted or connected to the base module  110 . For example, the user input module  120  may be configured as a “topper” to the base module  110 , such as by being shaped and sized to fit onto the top of the base module  110  and extend upwardly therefrom. This configuration has the advantage that the user input module  120  is located in a raised position for use by a user in a standing position. In other embodiments, however, the user input module  120  could be configured to be mounted to a side of the base module  110 , such as by comprising a housing  121  which is as tall or taller than the base module  110 . 
     Another example of a secondary module is a storage module  130 . The storage module  130  may again comprise a housing  131  which is configured to house and/or support various components thereof. The storage module  130  may include communication interfaces like the communication interfaces  114  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the storage module  130  electronically to the base module  110 . The storage module  130  may also include connectors like the connectors  116  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the storage module  130  physically to the base module  110 . 
     In one embodiment, the storage module  130  might define a controlled interior space, such as for storing items therein. The storage module  130  may include a door  132  on its housing  131 , which may permit access to the interior of the storage module  130  and/or the attached base module  110  without detaching the two modules  110 ,  130 . This access may be secured with a lock  134  on the door  132 . 
     In one embodiment, the storage module  130  may be configured to be connected to the base module  110 , such as at a side thereof, or might be connected to another secondary module which is connected to the base module  110 . 
     The storage module  130  may provide additional storage to the base module  110 , which may be used to store items to be dispensed from the currency dispenser outlet  112  on the base module  110 , or items used in connection with other modules, or other items (such as casino attendant person items, etc.). 
     In one embodiment, one side of the housing  131  of the storage module  130  and one side on the housing  111  of the base module  110  may be partially or fully detached, such that the two sides may connect to each other to combine the two housing create shared space between the storage module  130  and the base module  110 . 
     In one embodiment, the storage module  130  may include additional communication interfaces  114 , connectors  116 , and/or slots  118 , to enable additional service modules to be connected to the base module  110  via the storage module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, the storage module  130  may include a controller, which may be a computer-type configuration including a CPU. In such a configuration, the controller may comprise a motherboard having an associated memory and processor, among other components. The additional secondary modules mounted on the storage module  130  may be configured to communicate with the processor via wired or wireless connection to a bus associated with the motherboard. The CPU may be powered by a power supply which obtains power from an outside source, or may be configured to be powered by the base module  110 . Preferably, the various components of the controller are in communication with the communication interface connecting the storage module  130  and the base module  110 . In one embodiment, modules mounted on the storage module  130  may communicate directly with the base module  110  via its communication interfaces  114 . Further, as described, in one embodiment, the base module  110  may include a power supply which provides power to components thereof, but which also provides power to elements of the secondary module(s), such as by one or more power cables. 
     Yet another example of a secondary module is a currency recycling module  140 . The currency recycling module  140  may also comprise a housing  141 , such as for containing and/or supporting various components thereof. 
     The currency recycling module  140  may include communication interfaces like the communication interfaces  114  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the currency recycling module  140  electronically to the base module  110 . The currency recycling module  140  may also include connectors like the connectors  116  (described above) on the base module  110 , which may be used to attach the currency recycling module  140  physically to the base module  110 . The attached currency recycling module  140  may include a currency accepting slot  142 , which may be configured to accept any type of currency (including but not limited to bills, coins, or tickets, tokens, or any other type of item representing a monetary value). The currency recycling module  140  may further include at least one currency processing device stored inside housing  141  of the module  140 . The currency processing device may be configured to receive, identify and store currency. In some embodiments, the currency dispensing device may be configured to dispense currency, such as from the currency received thereby. 
     The currency recycling module  140  may include a controller, which may be a computer-type configuration including a CPU. In such a configuration, the controller may comprise a motherboard having an associated memory and processor, among other components. The currency acceptor  142  and/or the currency processing device may communicate with the processor via wired or wireless connection to a bus associated with the motherboard, such that the controller may determine the amount of currency received. The controller may also be configured to transmit the amount to other modules (such as the base module  110 ) for further processing. The CPU may be powered by a power supply which obtains power from an outside source, or may be configured to be powered by the base module  110 . Preferably, the various components of the controller are in communication with the communication interface connecting the top box  120  and the base module  110 . 
     Again, the currency recycling module  140  may be configured to be mounted or connected to the base module  110 , such as to a side of the housing  111  thereof. Preferably, the currency recycling module  140  might be mounted or connected to another secondary module, such as which is connected to the base module  110 . 
     Of course, various configurations of secondary modules might be provided. For example, another secondary modules might comprise a player tracking modules configured to provide or implement player tracking services (such as registering and logging into player tracking accounts with a casino to view and redeem awards and the like, such as where that module includes at least one controller which may communicate with a player loyalty system or server of the casino, include a display and one or more user input devices), to dispense player tracking or loyalty program cards (such as via a card printer or dispenser), to process and/or issue lines of credit (such as markers), a reader or scanner module configured to read, scan, validate, and/or authenticate barcodes, RFID codes, magnetic strips on any type of cards, RFID chips, and/or identification documents, a cashless wallet module configured to provide players cashless transaction services, and a variety of retail modules configured to integrate gaming services with retail services at the casinos. Other modules might provide other storage or support functions, such as work surfaces or the like. Other modules might provide docking or charging functionality, such as for docking or charging attendant equipment such as tablets or laptop computers. These secondary modules might be configure similar to those described above, such as comprising a self-supporting housing that can then be connected to another secondary module or the base module  110 , or by comprising a smaller service module that may be mounted to and supported by the base module  110 , such as mounting to the slots  118  on the base module  110 . 
     In one embodiment, secondary modules may include various peripheral devices and may implement various software applications to as to implement a variety of services or functionality. In some embodiments, the modules might communicate with other devices, such as user devices comprising mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, etc. (which may, in turn, communicate with the base module  110  via wired or wireless communication, such as between the modules). 
       FIG.  1    also illustrates an exemplary method of associating one or more secondary modules  120 ,  130 ,  140  with the base module  120 . As illustrated therein, the top side of the base module  110  may be connected to the bottom of the user input module  120 , the left side of the base module  110  may be connected to the right side of the storage module  130 , and the right side of the base module  110  may be connected to the left side of the currency recycling module  140 . Preferably, flat edge portions of the modules are mated with the outwardly extending flanges of mating components, whereby portions of the modules overlap one another to form points of connection. 
     In one embodiment, fasteners engage the base module  110 . In one embodiment, somewhat elongate slots are formed in the edges of the modules (or flanges thereof) between opposing edges, while close tolerance holes are formed at the terminus of the edges. In this manner, when two modules are aligned for connection, the peripheral portions of each module are closely aligned, while the central portions thereof have slots which permit some offset while still accepting a fastener there through. 
     In some instances, studs extending from one module may extend through the mating slots/holes in the mating module. In other instances, bolts and mating nuts (or other threaded fasteners) are utilized. Importantly, in this configuration, “metal to metal” contact between the modules is ensured. For example, compared to riveting, where the rivet may “float” in an opening and not make constant and direct contact with the associated panel, the use of the studs or bolts and mating nuts ensures that metal to metal contact is guaranteed between the modules. 
     In a preferred embodiment, threaded studs or bolts and mating nuts are utilized to form the connections between the modules. In this manner, the modules may be shipped to an end user who can then attach the modules using only basic tools (i.e. without the need for special tools or special manufacturing equipment). It will additionally be appreciated that use of such fasteners, as compared to rivets, welding and the like, permits the assembled modules to be selectively disassembled. For example, a damaged module may be replaced by disconnecting it from the remaining modules. Another advantage of this configuration is, unlike rivets, that no part of the fasteners needs to be visible or accessible from the exterior of the modules (when studs are used, their heads are embedded, and when bolts or screws are used, they may pass through a flange rather than from the outer to the inner side of one the panel/module). This ensures that the fasteners are not tampered with and makes the modules more aesthetically pleasing. 
     In a preferred embodiment, the base module  110  comprises part of a universal interface which is configured to accept additional service modules to provide additional services. In one embodiment, a universal power distribution box, one or more connector panels, power supply, communication interfaces, and connectors on additional service modules may be connected to the base module  110 . 
     In a preferred embodiment, the various electrically operated modules are arranged to be “stand-alone” so that they may be independently tested. For example, the keyboard  124  is configured so it may be directly tested in place on the user input module  120  while the user input module  120  is still detached and/or disconnected from base module  110 . This configuration has the particular advantage that the modules can be tested before they are shipped and without having to connect to the base module  110 , thus saving substantial time but still ensuring that the modules will work once attached to the base module  110 . 
     Preferably, the configuration of the electrical components is substantially the same or “standardized” relative to each service module. For example, wiring harnesses are preferably same length, regardless of the size of the modules. Preferably, the wiring harnesses are all the longest length necessary for the largest module size. When used in smaller service modules, the wiring may be doubled back or folded to fit the slots  118 . In this manner, only one configuration of each of the modules, including wiring sets or harnesses, needs to be configured for multiple configurations of the base module  110  and its attached modules. Further, the housings of various of the modules may be the same, allowing the individual modules to themselves be customized from a single base housing configuration. In such a configuration, the housings of one or more of the modules may be generally the same size, so that when joined, the combined station has a generally uniform dimensions. 
     As indicated, in a preferred embodiment, the base module  110  comprises communication interfaces  114  configured to accept additional service modules. The communication interfaces  114  may comprise one or more standardized connection or mount for a docking or mating with different modules. 
     It will be appreciated that each service module, including the base module  110 , may have a variety of configurations. In addition, various of the aspects of the invention may be applied to service modules other than those described specifically herein. 
     In one embodiment, the base module  110  (and other service modules such as the storage module  130  and the currency recycling module  140 ) is configured as an “upright” cabinet (such as being self-support or standing). The base module cabinet could have other configurations, such as a table-top or counter console or the like. It will thus be appreciated that the service modules may have a variety of shapes and sizes. In general, however, the housings of the modules are configured to be complimentary, such as to be connected to one another. The generally planar sides of the housings of the base module  110  and secondary modules  120 , 130 , 140  illustrated in  FIG.  1    are well-suited to such mating, but the housings might have other mating shapes. 
     Further, in a preferred embodiment, the secondary modules and the base module may be arranged in a variety of configurations. For example, preferably the secondary modules may be connected to either side of the base module or either side of another secondary module, thus enabling the module service station to have various configurations, including different configurations of the same set of modules. For example, two or more secondary modules might be mounted to the right side of the base module, or the same secondary modules might be mounted to the left side of the base module. 
     As described above, in one embodiment, the modular service station comprises a base module. In a preferred embodiment, the base module is configured to implement currency dispensing functionality. However, in other embodiments, the base module might be configured to implement other or additional functionality. For example, the base module might be configured to implement currency recycling functionality. 
     In one embodiment, the base module may be configured to act as a host to the modular service station, where the secondary modules act as slaves. For example, the secondary modules might connect to the base station, such as in the form of peripherals. In such a configuration, the secondary modules may be controlled via the base station. As one example, the modular service station might comprise a base module which implements currency dispensing functionality and a secondary module might implement player loyalty club card dispensing functionality. A player might use a user input module  120  to interface with the controller of the base module. The player might request a player loyalty card and the controller of the base module may send one or more commands or instructions to the secondary module to cause it to dispense the player loyalty card. 
     In another embodiment, the base module need not act as a host to the modular service station. In one embodiment, each module may be configured so that the module can operate individually, but can also be connected to one or more other modules. For example, instead of the currency recycler module  140  having to be associated to the base module  110 , the currency recycler module  140  might be configured so that it can operate independently therefrom, such as in the form of a stand-alone currency recycling device. 
     It will also be appreciated that in some embodiments, a module might be connected to another device, such as an external computer or workstation so as to be “driven” thereby, or to simply extend the functionality of the computer or workstation. In such a configuration, the module need not include sufficient functionality to be operated in a stand-alone fashion. For example, as described below, one or more currency recycler modules  140  might be configured to be connected to a cashier workstation. The cashier workstation is thus provided with the additional functionality of currency recycling. In such a configuration, the cashier workstation may essentially drive the recycler. For example, the processor of the cashier workstation may be used to generate dispensing commands or the like which are received by the recycler module, causing the recycler module to dispense cash. In such a configuration, an external workstation or the like might be connected to one module or more than one module. 
     In one embodiment, the modular service station might include more than one module of a particular type or configuration. For example, a modular service station might include more than one currency dispensing module or the like (such as associated with a single base module). 
     In one embodiment, the modules might include other modular features. For example, the modules might be configured to accept various aesthetic elements, such as facades, trim or overlays, or other features such as signage, lighting elements, or the like. Such elements might, for example, be selectively associated with one or more modules, such as to make them more aesthetically pleasing. In one embodiment, these other elements may be selectively coupled to one or more modules. 
       FIG.  2    illustrates an exemplary environment of use of a modular service station of the invention at a casino cashier&#39;s cage or service desk. In  FIG.  2   , a cashier&#39;s cage or service desk may include multiple windows or counters where casino staff or attendants may assist casino patrons or players in a variety of services and transactions. 
     A first window 1 may provide a service station  202  with a basic module  110 A and a user input module  120 A (which in this instance may or may not be physically connected to the base module  110 A). Such a station  202  might allow a customer to access currency, such as similar to a kiosk or ATM, where the currency may be dispensed out of the dispenser to the patron. 
     A second window 2 may provide a service station  212  including a base module  110 B, a user input module  120 B and a currency recycling module  140 B. This configuration service station  212  may thus allow patrons to both deposit currency and also receive currency (such as to an account, to pay off a marker, etc.) 
     A third window 3 may provide a service station  222  including a base module  110 C, a user input module  120 C, a currency recycling module  140 C and a player loyalty club card dispensing module  150 C. 
     In one embodiment, these stations  202 ,  212 ,  222  may be self-service, such as by allowing a patron or player to directly utility them to perform transactions. In other embodiments, as described, the stations might be “partially attendant” in the sense that an attendant may aid patrons in using the stations. Further, casino attendants may interact with the stations, such as to direct engage in transactions (for example, a patron might use the first station  202  to access cash, such as for wagering, while a casino attendant might use the first station  202  to process a jackpot and retrieve funds to pay the player&#39;s jackpot). 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  2   , one advantage of using different modular service stations at a cashier&#39;s cage or other service area is training. Service stations with more basic services may require less training and may be operated directly by patrons or by entry-level casino staff or attendants. Over time this entry-level attendant may acquire additional skills to operate additional service modules. Rather than having to learn to operate all service modules at once, casinos may provide a shorter and smoother training process for its entry-level attendants. 
     Another advantage of using different modular service stations at a cashier&#39;s cage or service desk is customization and optimization. For example, a casino may determine 80% of its services provided to patrons are cash withdrawals, but 20% of its services involve other transactions such as cash deposit and player tracking. Thus, while the casino may purchase 10 service stations, where 8 service stations include only a standalone basic module, whereas two other service stations include the currency recycling module and the player tracking module. The casino may, at a later point, find an increase in demand for player tracking, and may purchase and attach player tracking modules to 3 of its 8 standalone basic modules. Thus, allowing casinos to customize the service modules on their service stations may also save the casinos the additional expense of having to purchase 10 service stations each comprising all three modules instead. 
     Furthermore, because each service module may be detached and may operate independently from other modules, when one service module requires repair or maintenance, that service module may be detached and repaired/maintained separately, while allowing the remaining service modules to continue to serve patrons or players. 
       FIG.  3    illustrates another exemplary environment of use of a modular service station comprising a service area. The service area might comprise a casino cage or other location.  FIG.  3    illustrates a configuration in which a casino cage has a plurality of windows or the like. The windows may be configured with modular service stations  302 ,  312 ,  322 , such as similar to that described with reference to  FIG.  2    (such as where the first modular station  302  comprises a base module  110 A and a secondary user input module  120 A; the second modular station  312  comprises a base module  110 B, a secondary user input module  120 B and a currency recycler module  120 C; and the third station  322  comprises a base module  110 C, a secondary user input module  120 C, a currency recycler module  140 C and a player loyalty card dispenser module  150 C). Of course, the number of windows or other locations, and thus the number of stations and the configurations of those stations may vary. 
     Casino patrons/players may be directed to either of the three stations depending on their service needs and may interact with the modular stations  302 ,  312 ,  322  via their respective user input modules  120 A-C. 
     In one embodiment, an attendant may supervise the three stations  302 ,  312 ,  322 , such as by interacting directly therewith (via the same user input modules  330 ), or interacting via an attendant&#39;s own user input module, workstation, or user device  342 , which may interface with the modular stations  302 ,  312 ,  322  via wired or wireless communication. In such a configuration, the modular stations  302 ,  312 ,  322  may be referred to as “partially attended” stations in the sense that the primary user may be a patron, but where an assistant may aid the patron in using the station. For example, the attend may address problems encountered by the patron, provide required authorizations for particular transactions and the like. 
     A separate service station may be provided for casino patrons/players who may do not wish to use the modular service stations, or if the stations do not support the functionality the patron desires. Depending on the casino&#39;s needs, one or more service modules  352  may be provided to an attendant. The attendant may interface with the one or more service modules  352  via a user input modules, workstation, or user device  354 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  2  and  3   , modular service stations may be unattended (such as directly used by a patron without assistance) or might be partially attended (e.g. where the station is designed to be operated by a patron with supervision or assistance of an attendant). As illustrated in  FIG.  3   , one advantage to such a configuration is that attendant assistance may be made available to a patron, but where a single attendant may provide assistance relative to multiple stations. This results in a lower number of attendants being required to provide services to patrons that if an attendant is provided at each window, as in the prior art. 
     As indicated above, in some embodiments, the modules or modular service stations might be driven by one or more workstations. For example, referring to  FIG.  3   , the attendant station  342  might be configured to drive or operate various of the modular service stations, such that they may not include a base module  110 A. Further, in such a configuration, one workstation might drive or operate multiple modular service stations, or in other embodiments, a different workstation might operate each different modular service station. 
     In addition to the advantages discussed above, the modular service station of the invention has additional benefits. First, the service modules may be tested and shipped individually, in groups, in un-assembled form. This is a substantial advantage over shipping an assembled service station which is large/oversized, has a substantial volume of dead space, and may include unnecessary features. The modular configuration also permits the service station to be configured in a variety of manners. 
     Second, the service modules may be standardized, reducing the cost of manufacture. Typically, service stations are customized to individual casinos&#39; needs and appearances. This substantially increases the cost of creating service stations. In accordance with the invention, a service station may be constructed from universal modules. These modules may be produced in mass. At the same time, various service station configurations may be achieved, and various services may be provided, from the universal modules, such as by attaching additional modules. 
     This allows a variety of service stations having different features and appearances to be manufactured at low cost. 
     Third, the modular service stations may reduce the number of staff needed to service patrons. As illustrated in  FIGS.  2  and  3   , by combining self-service modules with modules requiring a casino staff or attendant, one casino staff or attendant may oversee a number of modular service stations. 
     Also, the modular stations may be used in a variety of environments, including at a casino cage or other locations. For example, a modular station might be associated with a cart so that it is mobile, or might be located at a free-standing location in the casino (such as away from the casino cage). 
     It will be understood that the arrangements of apparatus and the method described above are merely illustrative of applications of the principles of this invention. Many other embodiments and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the claims.