Patent Publication Number: US-8122895-B2

Title: Applicator for applying a composition to the eyelashes

Description:
This application claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/913,889, filed Apr. 25, 2007, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This application also claims benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 to French Patent Application No. 07 54214, filed Apr. 2, 2007, the contents of which are also incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     The present invention relates to applying makeup and/or a care product to keratinous fibers such as the eyelashes and/or the eyebrows. 
     The invention relates more particularly to applicators comprising a core and applicator elements that are supported by the core, such applicators also being referred to as brushes or combs. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The brushes most commonly used for applying mascara to the eyelashes have an envelope surface of generally elongate shape, and seek to make up as many eyelashes as possible simultaneously. 
     Accessing the eyelashes that are situated at the corners of the eyes remains relatively difficult with such brushes, as does applying makeup to the bottom set of eyelashes, which are generally shorter. 
     European patent application EP 1 649 777 discloses brushes that are relatively short, having bristles that define an envelope surface that is biconical. The angle defined by the slopes of the envelope surface on either side of the peak ridge is relatively acute, being less than 120°. 
     Such brushes are more particularly for applying makeup to eyelashes or eyebrow hairs, the applicator being used with the stem oriented substantially parallel to the set of eyelashes. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,357,987 discloses a brush having two portions of different cross-sections and having corresponding envelope surfaces that are connected together forming a step. One of the portions is more particularly for loading the eyelashes, and the other is for combing them. The portion for combing the eyelashes defines an envelope surface that is off-center and of constant cross-section that extends a fair way from the distal end of the applicator. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,138 discloses a brush having a cross-section passing via a minimum, then via a maximum, said maximum being relatively far from the distal end of the applicator. 
     French patent FR 2 715 038 discloses brushes having an envelope surface that is biconical with one or more plane faces. 
     FR 2 906 116 and US 2008/0060669 disclose flocked applicators. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,853,011 describes a brush including notches extending from a mid-plane. The cross-section of the brush is the same on either side of the notches. 
     JP 2002-172019 discloses a brush of constant section, provided at its end with a flocked endpiece having a diameter that is less than the diameter of the brush. 
     British application No. 2 170 996 describes a brush including a succession of grooves. Its cross-section passes via a maximum that is substantially mid-way along the envelope surface. 
     FR 2 906 115 discloses a spherical applicator. This citation is not an admission that the contents of this application is prior art under 35 USC 102. 
     Application FR 2 506 581 describes an applicator including a core having a plurality of flexible branches that is held between a stem and an adjustment member that is suitable for sliding in the stem. At its end, the adjustment member includes a head that bears against the core and that impedes the applicator from being used other than with the stem oriented substantially tangentially to the set of eyelashes. 
     SUMMARY 
     There exists a need to make it easier to apply makeup, and to enable makeup to be applied relatively freely, providing different effects where appropriate. 
     In one of its aspects amongst others, the invention provides an applicator for applying a composition to keratinous fibers, in particular the eyelashes and/or the eyebrows, the applicator comprising:
         a stem;   a core that extends along a longitudinal axis; applicator elements carried by the core, the distal end of the applicator being defined by the core or by at least one applicator element;   the applicator elements extending in at least three different directions around the core and defining an envelope surface that increases until it reaches a peak ridge, and then decreases in cross-section on going towards the free end of the applicator;   the total length q max  along the longitudinal axis of the envelope surface being less than or equal to twice the greatest diameter d max  of the cross-section of the envelope surface, better 1.75 times the greatest diameter, still better 1.5 times or 1.25 times the greatest diameter; and   the angle α formed by the slopes of the envelope surface on either side of the peak ridge in at least one longitudinal section being greater than 120°, better greater than 130°, still better greater than 135°.       

     The term “diameter d max ” should be understood to mean the transverse dimension of the envelope surface, even when the cross-section does not present a circular outline. 
     The term “total length q max ” should be understood to mean the total length of the envelope surface defined by the applicator elements, measured along the longitudinal axis of the core. For a brush, for example, the total length q max  may be the length of the core carrying the bristles. 
     The distal end of the applicator corresponds to the end point of said applicator, at its free end. The end point of the applicator may be defined by an applicator element or by the core of the applicator. 
     The angle α is the angle formed by the slopes of the envelope surface on either side of the peak ridge. The slopes may be straight lines that fit as closely as possible to the envelope surface on either side of the peak ridge. They may be tangents to portions of the envelope surface adjacent to the peak ridge, said portions extending over a length, measured along the longitudinal axis of the core, that is equal to 1 millimeter (mm), for example. The slopes may even be straight lines passing through the peak ridge and intersecting the envelope surface at a distance from the peak ridge, measured along the longitudinal axis of the core, that is equal to 1 mm. 
     Such an applicator makes it possible to act on the eyelashes or on the eyebrows with multiple orientations of the stem relative to the set of eyelashes, by means of the envelope surface having a shape that defines a ball or a similar shape. 
     By way of example, the multiple orientations may comprise orientations that are 180° apart, or even more, e.g. being more than 300° apart. For an applicator having a twisted core, the eyelashes may be brushed perpendicularly to the turns or in alignment with said turns, for example. 
     The user could easily choose the orientation and/or the hand movement best suited to achieving the desired makeup effect. 
     Where appropriate, the user could apply makeup by turning the applicator about its own axis, while moving it in contact with the eyelashes, as if rolling it over them. 
     The applicator may be used on its own, e.g. in order to improve the makeup effect of a composition that has already been applied to the eyelashes or eyebrows, or it may be used after loading the applicator elements with a composition, loading being performed either by depositing the composition on the applicator elements, or by bringing the applicator elements into contact with a cake of composition, or by dipping the applicator into a receptacle containing the composition. 
     When the applicator is used in association with a receptacle that is provided with a wiper member, the shape of the applicator could result in unequal wiping that could be advantageous for the makeup effect. For example, the zone of greatest diameter of the applicator is wiped more, and is better able to separate and extend the eyelashes. The zone at the end of the applicator could be loaded more heavily with composition, and could be used to apply makeup to groups of eyelashes or eyebrow hairs because of the possibility of using the applicator with multiple orientations. 
     The invention makes it possible to use the excess composition that is often found at the end of the brush as a result of the non-zero section of the wiper orifice, and that constitutes an impediment with conventional brushes. 
     The applicator may comprise at least two applicator elements each having a different length. 
     At least two applicator elements, or even at least three, may extend in at least two different directions from the core, better at least three directions. 
     The applicator may comprise a least one applicator element which is non perpendicular to the core. 
     The core may comprise a portion of the core carrying the applicator elements having an oblong shape, being for example elongated along its longitudinal axis. 
     The core may extend along a longitudinal axis which is rectilinear or curved. In case the longitudinal axis is curved, its orientation may vary of at least 90°. 
     In exemplary embodiments, the ratio R 1 =d max /d core  is greater than or equal to 2.5 and better greater than or equal to 3. d core  corresponds to the diameter in which the cross section of the core is inscribed. 
     In the case of an applicator having applicator elements moulded with the core, d core  satisfies for example 2 mm≦d core ≦3 mm, for example d core  less than or equal to 2.5 mm and in the case of a twisted wire core brush, for example 0.7 mm≦d core ≦1.8 mm, for example d core  less than or equal to 1.8 mm. 
     One as for example d max  ranging from 6 to 12 mm, for example ranging from 8 to 9 mm, the applicator members being moulded or the applicator having a twisted wire core. 
     An applicator with applicator members having relatively great length may enable both a good load with product and a satisfying wiping, allowing a successful application and for example to avoid the contamination of the eyelids. 
     The longer the applicator member, the lower the risk of contact between the core and the eyelids, such a contact between the core and the eyelids potentially affecting the quality of the make-up. 
     The generally spherical shape of the applicator may be obtained through a variable length of the applicator members, for example of the bristles, and not to a variation in the diameter of the core that supports them, such a variation being observed along the longitudinal axis of the applicator. 
     Preferably, the wiping of the applicator is carried out with a wiping member made in elastomer. Such a wiping member is particularly suited to applicators having a moulded core. 
     Be the applicator with a twisted wire core or moulded core, one may preferably choose a wiping member having a wiping orifice which has a minimum diameter that is greater than or equal to the maximum diameter d stem  of the stem of the applicator. 
     In exemplary embodiments, the ratio R 2 =d max /d stem  is greater than or equal to 2.5 and better greater than or equal to 3. 
     The core may be made such that its external surface extends in the continuity of the external surface of the stem, once the core is fitted on the stem. In this manner, one avoids bead between the core and the stem. 
     The external diameter d stem  of the stem is for example ranging from 2.5 to 3 mm when the core is moulded, and in the case of a twisted wire core brush, the diameter d stem  is for example ranging from 2 to 4.5 mm. 
     The core may be held in a housing of the stem by force fitting, gluing and/or by stamping of the stem on an endpiece made in one piece with the portion of the core carrying the applicator members. 
     The longitudinal axis of the core may be non entirely situated in the alignment of the longitudinal axis of the stem. 
     The core of the applicator may extend rectilinearly for example when the core is a twisted wire core. The core, for example in the case of a twisted wire core, may be not folded on itself. 
     The applicator members may have a cross section, with respect to their longitudinal axis, which is non circular, for example that is polygonal, and the applicator members may have at least one edge and/or at least one planar portion. The later may extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the applicator or may cross the longitudinal axis of the applicator. 
     At least some of the applicator member, for example all of them, may have a cross section relatively to there longitudinal axis, which is half circular. 
     A cross section of the applicator member that is a non circular may increase a load with product and may increase the transfer of the product on the eyelashes, in particular when the applicator members have, as mentioned above, a cross section that presents at least one edge and/or at least one planar portion, for example a cross section that is half circular. Applicator members with cross section that is non circular relative to there longitudinal axis may be made by moulding, in particular when the applicator has a moulded core. 
     When the applicator comprises a twisted wire core brush, the brush may advantageously be a brush that do not show a visible turn affect, i.e. in which the distribution of the free end of the bristles on the envelop surface of the brush is different from an helical distribution, when observed with the naked-eye. 
     The brush may comprise for example between 10 and 40 bristles. 
     The applicator may comprise two twisted wire cores that are twisted together, which may reduce the turn effect. 
     The core, when it is twisted, may be made with one or more wires that are coated, for example one or more wires which comprise a metal core and a shell of a material other than a metal, for example made of plastic material or a varnish. 
     The shape or the envelop surface may be obtained, in the case of an applicator having a twisted core, by a cutting of the bristles or by a heat treatment of the bristles, for example a treatment that causes the free end of the bristles to fuse along a predetermined a length. 
     The fact that the applicator members extend on a length that is relatively short along the longitudinal axis of the applicator may be used to make the stem longer and thus improve the workability of the applicator. 
     Relative increase of the length of the stem may also enable to improve the loading of the applicator members with product, as they may be displaced along a distance that is greater inside the receptacle before their taking off from the receptacle. 
     One may obtain a greater proportion of applicator members that have a better load with product, in particular for receptacles which are not initially filled to 100%, which is often the case to avoid suction effect during taking off of the applicator. 
     The invention may allow to use a receptacle having a depth that is relatively small, for example sample receptacle, without the low depth of the receptacles causes the applicator to be insufficiently loaded with product. For example, R 3 =d max /P receptacle  may be greater than or equal to 3. 
     The depth P receptacle  of the receptacle is defined has being the distance between the top of the receptacle when the applicator is absent, that is to say the top of the neck of the receptacle, when such a neck exists, and the internal surface of the bottom of the receptacle, the distance being taken along the longitudinal axis of the receptacle. 
     Preferably, R 4 =d max /d f , where d f  is the distance between the internal surface of the bottom of the receptacle and the lower end of the wiper member, is greater than or equal to 3. 
     The receptacle may be any receptacle and may comprise two parts that are movable one relative to the other, rotation of one part with respect to the other causing the increase of the volume of a chamber defined inside the receptacle between the two parts and the decrease of the volume of another chamber and the flow of product between the two chambers. Such a flow of product may take place trough a central region of the receptacle housing the applicator element 
     Such a receptacle is disclosed for example in the application EP 1 584 260. 
     The receptacle may be provided with a wiper member which is for example molded in a thermoplastic material, for example an elastomer. Such a wiper member may comprise in its upper part a flange that may lie on top of the neck of the receptacle. In a variant, the wiper member may be a wiper member comprising a block of foam material, for example a foam which may comprise open cells. 
     The core of the applicator may comprise, for example when it is twisted, a free end. The stem may be fitted to a closing cap which is used as prehension member and the stem may be not made as a single piece with all of the closing cap. The receptacle may be molded in thermoplastic material or may be made in glass or other material. 
     In embodiments of the invention, the applicator includes a core having a left-handed or right-handed twist, but, in a variant, the core need not be twisted, e.g. being molded with the applicator elements held on the core by adhesive, by crimping, by local melting of material, or by overmolding the core. 
     The applicator elements may also be integrally molded with the core, e.g. out of an elastomer material, the applicator thus being a comb or an injection-molded brush. 
     The applicator elements may be bristles, and said bristles may be sufficiently flexible to deform during application, on being loaded with composition, and/or on passing through the optional wiper member. The applicator elements may also be teeth that are relatively stiff. 
     By way of example, the number of applicator elements lies in the range 100 to 1500 for a brush having a twisted core, and in the range 20 to 150 for a comb or an injection-molded brush. 
     Each applicator element may present, mid-way along its length, between its base connected to the core and its free end, a cross-section that is inscribed in a circle of diameter lying in the range 6/100 mm to 35/100 mm, for example. 
     The envelope surface may define a cross-section of outline that is circular, at least in part, e.g. of outline that is circular over at least 180° around the core, or even completely circular, at least one point along the length of the core, in particular at its peak ridge, or over at least a fraction of the length of the core, e.g. over the entire length of the portion of the core carrying the bristles. 
     The cross-section may have a shape factor that is greater than 0.7, at least in the plane where the radius r max  is at its maximum. The envelope surface might have no notches or no outwardly-concave face, e.g. in the plane where the radius r max  is at its maximum. 
     The envelope surface may define at least one radius having a length that varies in non-linear manner between the proximal end of the envelope surface and the peak ridge, e.g. varying along an arc of a circle or of any curve other than a straight line. The term “radius” means the line segment leaving the core perpendicularly to its axis and having an end that belongs to the envelope surface. 
     The envelope surface may define a radius that varies in non-linear manner between the peak ridge and the distal end of the envelope surface, e.g. varying along an arc of a circle. 
     The envelope surface on one side of the peak ridge, e.g. towards the proximal or distal end of the applicator, need not be conical. 
     The slope on one side of the peak ridge need not be constant, e.g. increasing in inclination relative to the longitudinal axis towards the distal or proximal end. 
     The envelope surface may define at least two radii that are parallel to axes X 1  and X 2  that are perpendicular to each other and to the longitudinal axis of the applicator, with the lengths of the radii, as a function of position along the longitudinal axis, varying non-linearly, e.g. along an arc of a circle, on at least one side of the peak ridge. 
     The envelope surface may increase, and then decrease, over at least 180° around the core, better 270° around the core, e.g. 360° around the core. 
     The envelope surface, when observed from the side, i.e. perpendicularly to the axis of the core, may present a rounded profile on either side of the peak ridge. 
     The envelope surface may present a distal portion that is at least partially spherical, e.g. to within 20%. In other words, for a spherical surface having a radius r mean  measured from a center point, each point of said portion of the envelope surface is situated at a distance from the center point that lies in the range 0.8 r mean  to 1.2 r mean . 
     The core, in particular when it is twisted, may comprise a visible first portion that does not carry any applicator elements and that extends, in particular axially, between a stem to which the core is connected and a second portion of the core carrying the applicator elements, the length of the first portion being greater than or equal to 5 mm, for example. The length of the second portion carrying the applicator elements, in particular the bristles, lies in the range 6.5 mm to 15 mm. The number of turns in the portion of the core carrying the applicator elements may, for example, be greater than or equal to 7, e.g. lying in the range 7 to 12. 
     The greatest diameter of the envelope surface may be greater than the diameter at the proximal and/or distal end by at least the value of the greatest radius r max , for example. 
     The distance from a transverse plane containing the above-mentioned peak ridge to the distal end of the applicator may be less than or equal to 12 mm, indeed 10 mm or 8 mm, for example. 
     The peak ridge may be situated at a distance r max  that is greater than or equal to 2.5 mm from the longitudinal axis of the core, e.g. lying in the range 2.5 mm to 7.5 mm, indeed 3 mm to 6 mm from the axis of the core. By way of example, this value may depend on the wire used to make the core, when said core is twisted. 
     The applicator elements may extend in at least two non-parallel directions, in particular on opposite sides of the core. 
     The applicator elements may extend in more than four different directions around the core, being angularly spaced apart in pairs by more than 45°. 
     The applicator elements may be in alignment, or they may be disposed in a staggered configuration. 
     The length of the applicator elements may be long enough to ensure that, while the applicator is passing through the wiper member, the applicator elements are flattened towards the distal end of the applicator and cover the distal end of the applicator. 
     The portion of the core that does not carry applicator elements may optionally be rectilinear, or not. 
     The envelope surface may optionally be a surface of revolution, or not. 
     The portion of the core carrying the applicator elements may optionally be rectilinear, or not. 
     The stem may include a flexible portion that is suitable for flexing in use, and that is situated between the portion of the stem that is used for connecting to the core, and a portion of the stem that is connected to a handle. 
     By way of example, the core has an end that is supported by the stem and an opposite end that is free or that carries applicator elements. 
     The stem may be solid. 
     The stem may have a fixed length. The length of the stem need not be modifiable by action on an adjustment member. The distance between the end of the stem connected to the core and the handle may be fixed. 
     In another of its aspects, the invention also provides a packaging and applicator device for applying a composition to keratinous fibers, in particular the eyelashes or the eyebrows, the device comprising:
         the composition for application to keratinous fibers; and   an applicator as defined above.       

     The composition may be contained in a receptacle that may include a wiper member for wiping the applicator while it is being removed from the receptacle. 
     In another of its aspects, the invention also provides a method of applying makeup to the eyelashes and/or the eyebrows, the method comprising the steps consisting in loading the bristles of an applicator with a composition for application to the eyelashes and/or the eyebrows, then in bringing the applicator elements thus loaded with composition into contact with the eyelashes or the eyebrows. 
     During application, the user may turn the applicator about its own axis, in particular as though said applicator is rolling over the eyelashes towards the tips thereof. 
     By way of example, the eyelashes may be made up with at least the applicator elements that are situated axially along the core between the peak ridge and the distal end of the applicator. 
     The invention also provides a brush for applying a composition to the eyelashes and/or the eyebrows, the brush comprising:
         a twisted core;   bristles carried by the core on a number of turns of the core lying in the range 7 to 12; and   the bristles defining an envelope surface that increases, and then decreases, on passing through a greatest diameter that is greater than or equal to 2.5 mm, better greater than or equal to 3 mm.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention can be better understood on reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, and on examining the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a diagrammatic view, in fragmentary longitudinal section, showing an example of a packaging and applicator device constituting an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 2  is a perspective view of the envelope surface of the brush of the  FIG. 1  device; 
         FIG. 3  is a diagrammatic cross-section on III-III of  FIG. 2 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a diagram of a variant embodiment of the brush shown in isolation; 
         FIG. 5  is a view similar to  FIG. 4  showing another variant embodiment; 
         FIGS. 6A and 6B  show eyelashes being made up using an applicator constituting an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  are sections similar to  FIG. 3 , of variant embodiments; 
         FIGS. 8 to 12  show other variant embodiments of the applicator; 
         FIG. 13  shows the stem being made with a flexible portion; 
         FIG. 14  shows another example of a packaging and applicator device constituting an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 15  shows the angle formed at the peak ridge between the slopes of the envelope surface for the  FIG. 2  brush; 
         FIG. 16  is a diagrammatic and fragmentary longitudinal section showing another example of a packaging and applicator device constituting an embodiment of the invention; 
         FIG. 17  is a diagrammatic and fragmentary view of the end of the  FIG. 16  applicator; 
         FIG. 18  is a cross-section on XVIII-XVIII of  FIG. 17 ; 
         FIG. 19  is a diagrammatic and fragmentary longitudinal section of the  FIG. 16  applicator; 
         FIGS. 20 and 21  show examples of fastening the core on the stem; 
         FIG. 22  shows a variant embodiment of the applicator; and 
         FIG. 23  shows an applicator constituting an embodiment of the invention passing through the wiper member; and 
         FIGS. 24 to 26  show a few examples of embodiment characteristics of the applicator elements. 
     
    
    
     MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The packaging and applicator device  1  shown in  FIG. 1  comprises a receptacle  2  and an applicator  3  comprising a stem  4  of axis X and of diameter d stem , that is provided at one end with a brush  5 , and that is connected at its opposite end to a handle  7  that also constitutes a closure member for closing the receptacle  2 . The receptacle includes a threaded neck  11  on which the handle  7  can be screwed in leaktight manner, but said receptacle could be made in some other way. P receptacle  may correspond to the distance between the top of the receptacle and the internal surface of the bottom of the receptacle. 
     A wiper member  8  can be mounted in the neck  11  as shown, and, in the embodiment under consideration, includes a flexible lip  9  for wiping the stem  4  and the brush  5  while being removed from the receptacle  2 . d f  corresponds to the distance between the internal surface of the bottom of the receptacle and the lower end of the wiper member. 
     The receptacle  2  contains a composition P for application to keratinous fibers, in particular the eyelashes or the eyebrows, e.g. mascara. 
     In the embodiment under consideration, the stem  4  is rectilinear and of circular cross-section, but, in variants not shown, the stem can be non-rectilinear and/or of non-circular section. 
     The applicator  3  can be fastened on the receptacle  2  other than by screw-fastening, e.g. by snap-fastening. 
     In the embodiment under consideration, the brush  5  includes a twisted core  10  formed, for example, by a wire folded in a U-shape and twisted in one direction in order to clamp bristles between the turns formed in this way, which bristles may be made of a natural or synthetic material. By way of example, the wire presents a diameter lying in the range 0.35 mm to 1.2 mm, e.g. a diameter of about 0.45 mm, with said wire being made of stainless steel, for example. d core  corresponds to the diameter in which the cross section of the core is inscribed. 
     The core  10  extends along a longitudinal axis Y that can optionally be rectilinear, and that can optionally coincide with the longitudinal axis X of the stem  4 . 
     The free ends of the bristles  12  of the brush  5  define an envelope surface E that is shown in a diagrammatic perspective view in  FIG. 2 . 
     In the embodiment under consideration, the envelope surface E is a surface of revolution and presents a cross-section that varies, e.g. comprising, towards the distal end of the core  21 , two portions  23  and  26  that are substantially hemispherical and are connected together via an edge  30  defining a peak ridge where the radius r, i.e. the distance from the envelope surface E to the axis Y of the core  10 , is at its greatest for the entire envelope surface E. 
     By way of example, the portion  23  makes it possible to pass from an envelope surface diameter that is about 5 mm, for example, to a diameter that is about 10 mm, for example, over a distance along the core that is about 5 mm, for example. 
     By way of example, the portion  26  makes it possible to pass from a diameter of about 10 mm to a diameter of about 5 mm over a length of about 5 mm. 
     The cross-section of the brush increases, and then decreases, on moving from the proximal end to the distal end of the envelope surface, along at least two axes X 1  and X 2  that are perpendicular to each other, as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     In the longitudinal section plane containing the axis X 1  that is perpendicular to the axis Y, the radius r increases, reaches the maximum r max , and then decreases. The same applies in the longitudinal section plane containing the axis X 2 . The longitudinal section planes containing the axes X 1  and X 2  respectively, can be planes of symmetry for the envelope surface. 
     By way of example, the brush  5  is fabricated from a circularly-cylindrical envelope-surface blank of diameter corresponding to the diameter of the edge  30 , by cutting the blank with a cutter having the same profile as the envelope surface in longitudinal section. 
     In the embodiment under consideration, the distance along the axis Y between the proximal end  53  of the envelope surface E and the free end  21  of the core  10  is about 11 mm, for example, and the distance l from the transverse plane containing the peak ridge  30  to the transverse plane containing the free end  21  of the core is about 6 mm, for example. 
     The distance i between the transverse plane containing the peak ridge  30  and the distal end of the envelope surface is about 5 mm, for example. 
     The angle α formed between the slopes  40  and  41  of the envelope surface that are respectively situated on either side of the peak ridge  30  is significantly greater than 120°, as can be seen in  FIG. 15 . 
     As shown in  FIG. 15 , each slope  40  or  41  is defined by the straight line that passes via the peak ridge of the envelope surface E, and that fits as closely as possible to the outline of the envelope surface in a longitudinal-section plane, over a distance of 1 mm along the axis Y, on the corresponding side of the peak ridge. 
     In the example of a biconical envelope surface, the slopes are respectively the slopes of the two cone portions. In the example of a spherical envelope surface that is symmetrical about the plane containing the peak ridge  30 , the angle α is closer to 1800. 
     In the embodiment in  FIG. 2 , the shape factor of the brush, in the transverse plane containing the peak ridge  30 , is equal to 1, the envelope surface E presenting a circular outline centered on the axis Y of the core  21 . 
     The shape factor is defined by r min /r max , where r max  designates the greatest radius of the cross-section under consideration, i.e. the greatest distance from the axis Y of the core  10  to the envelope surface E, and r min  designates the smallest radius, i.e. the smallest distance from the axis Y of the core  10  to the envelope surface E in the section plane. A square cross-section with a centered core would have a shape factor of 1/√{square root over (2)}. 
     It is not beyond the ambit of the present invention when the envelope surface E is not a surface of revolution, and when the envelope surface presents, at least one point along the core, a cross-section that is not circular, e.g. because of the presence of at least one facet  50 , as shown in  FIG. 7A . 
     As shown in  FIG. 7B , the applicator can also include at least one ridge  51  that extends over less than 90°, for example, around the axis Y. The ridge  51  can be formed at the junction of two facets  110  and  111  which can, for example, be inscribed in a circle C defining the outline of the portion of the envelope surface opposite from the ridge  51 . 
     The two facets  110  and  111  can optionally be symmetrical to each other, and can optionally be plane. 
     The ridge can taper to a greater or lesser extent depending on the inclination of the facets  110  and  111 , and can widen to a greater or lesser extent depending on the distance between said facets. 
     The brush can have a left-handed or right-handed twist, as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 . 
     The core  10  can present a bare portion  60 , not carrying bristles, that extends between the stem  4  and the portion of the core carrying the bristles. The bare portion  60  can extend over a distance n of length that can be short or long, e.g. lying in the range 5 mm to 10 mm, or even longer when the portion acts as a stem and replaces the conventional stem made of plastics material. 
     As shown in the embodiments in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the envelope surface can present a spherical portion that is extended towards the proximal and distal ends by cylindrical portions  52  and  53  that are relatively short. 
     In the invention, the shape of the envelope surface E makes it possible to use the applicator for applying makeup to the eyelashes, in multiple orientations, as shown in  FIGS. 6A and 6B . 
     In particular, for applying makeup, it is possible to use bristles that are situated on the core between the transverse plane where the transverse section is greatest and the free end of the applicator, e.g. by orientating said applicator with the distal end of the stem  4  directed towards the set of eyelashes. In a variant, it is possible to use bristles of the brush that are situated further back, e.g. with the longitudinal axis of the stem being oriented substantially parallel to the set of eyelashes, as shown in  FIG. 6A . 
     While the composition is being applied to the eyelashes, the applicator can be turned about its own axis as though it is rolling in contact with the eyelashes towards their free ends, as shown in  FIG. 6B . 
     The envelope surface E of the brush can present various other shapes without going beyond the ambit of the present invention. 
     In the embodiment in  FIG. 8 , the envelope surface presents a substantially biconical shape. 
     The angle α between the slopes at the peak ridge is however relatively large, in particular greater than 120°, so as to resemble the shape of a ball. 
     The radius r need not decrease to zero at the ends of the envelope surface. 
     At the distal end, the diameter of the envelope surface E in this embodiment, or in other embodiments, is greater than or equal to 4 mm, for example. 
     Where appropriate, the envelope surface E can be symmetrical on either side of a mid-plane containing the peak ridge  30 . 
     In the embodiment in  FIG. 9 , the envelope surface E presents a shape in longitudinal section that is generally lens shaped. The cross-section defined by the envelope surface E increases, e.g. from a proximal end where the radius r is substantially zero, until it reaches the peak ridge  30 , and then decreases until it reaches an end where the radius r can be substantially zero once again. 
     The peak ridge  30  can be defined by an edge, as in the embodiments above. 
     In a variant, the peak ridge  30  can extend flat over a certain distance along the axis Y, as shown in  FIG. 10 . 
     In the embodiment in this figure, the envelope surface E defines a maximum cross-section of radius r max  over a distance t before decreasing towards the free end of the core. By way of example, the middle of this portion of radius r max  is situated at a distance l from the free end  21 , which distance is such that the ratio l/r max  is less than 1.5. The length is greater than or equal to 1 mm, for example. 
     The envelope surface E, in particular in the plane where the cross-section is at its maximum, can present a shape that is not circular. 
     For example, in a plane of longitudinal section, the envelope surface can present, along its portion where the cross-section varies, an outline that is substantially semi-circular on one side of the core, and substantially triangular on the other side of the core, as shown in  FIG. 11 . 
     The maximum radius r max  can be defined by the substantially semi-circular portion or by the substantially triangular portion, for example. 
     The core  10  can also be curved along its bare portion  60 , as shown in  FIG. 12 . In this embodiment, the portion of the core carrying the bristles is rectilinear, and forms an angle γ with the longitudinal axis X of the stem, that lies in the range 1° to  300 , for example. In a variant not shown, the angled portion can also be situated flush with the stem  4 . 
     The core  10  can be mounted in various ways on the stem  4 , e.g. being inserted in a housing of the stem, e.g. by force-fitting, in particular when the core is a twisted metal core. 
     As shown in  FIG. 13 , the stem  4  can include a portion  70  of increased flexibility that is suitable for flexing when the applicator is brought into contact with the eyelashes and/or when the applicator passes through the wiper member  8  on being removed from the receptacle  2 . 
     By way of example, the zone of increased flexibility  70  is formed by stamping the stem and/or by a thin portion of said stem and/or by a portion of a material that is more flexible than the remainder of the stem. 
     The invention is not limited to a packaging and applicator device including only one applicator as described above. 
     By way of example and as shown in  FIG. 14 , the device can include a second applicator that is secured to the applicator  3  by means of a bushing  80 , for example. 
     The second applicator  100  is provided with a brush, for example, possibly for applying a composition P′ that can have the same formulation as the composition P contained in the receptacle  2 , or it can have a different formulation, e.g. for applying to the eyelashes before applying the composition P or after applying said composition, or even presenting another color or enabling a different effect to be created. 
     In the embodiments described above, the applicator elements are bristles fitted to the core. 
     Variant embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to  FIGS. 16 to 22 , in which the applicator elements are integrally molded with the core and extend in a plurality of directions around the core. 
       FIG. 16  thus shows a variant embodiment of the packaging and applicator device, in which the applicator includes an injection-molded brush  5  at the end of the stem  4 . 
     The distal end of the applicator can then be defined by at least one applicator element, as shown in the figure. 
     The applicator elements define an envelope surface E having a cross-section that increases, and then decreases, on going from the distal end to the proximal end of the applicator. 
     The applicator elements can be molded in the same material as the core. In a variant, the applicator elements and the core can be molded in different materials. 
     The applicator elements can be relatively thin, and can behave in a similar way to bristles fitted to a twisted core. In a variant, the applicator elements can be relatively stiff, and can form teeth. 
     In the example shown in  FIGS. 16 to 19 , each of the applicator elements extend in rectilinear manner, with some being oriented towards the distal end of the applicator, the applicator thus including applicator elements that are connected to the core in a direction that is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Y of the core. 
     The term “core” should be understood in a broad sense, and encompasses a core having a shape that is substantially spherical, for example, as shown. 
     As shown in  FIG. 18 , the envelope surface E can present, over at least a fraction of its length, a cross-section of outline that is circular, at least in part. In a variant not shown, the envelope surface can present, over at least a fraction of its length, a cross-section that is polygonal, e.g. having more than five sides. 
     As shown, the envelope surface can be spherical to within 20%, at least in its portion extending from a plane where the transverse dimension defined by the envelope surface E is at its maximum, until it reaches the distal end  21 . 
     As shown, the applicator can include applicator elements that are oriented towards the proximal end of the applicator. 
     The applicator can include applicator elements  12  that extend in more than four directions about the axis of the core, better that extend in at least eight directions about the axis Y of the core, in particular more than eight directions. 
     The applicator elements  12  can be arranged in rows that extend along the core, and that are equally spaced apart about the axis of the core. 
     In the embodiment shown, the core  10  is solid, but, in a variant not shown, it could be hollow. 
     As shown, the core  10  and the envelope surface E can pass via a maximum cross-section at a common axial position along the axis Y. 
     In the variant shown in  FIG. 22 , the applicator elements present a height that varies, such that their free ends define the profile desired for the envelope surface E. By way of example, the core  10  is elongate in shape, e.g. cylindrical, as shown. 
     The core  10  can be fitted to the stem  4 , or, in a variant not shown, it can be integrally molded with the stem. 
     By way of example, the stem  4  includes a housing  37  that is provided with a portion in relief  38  for snap-fastening a proximal portion  35  of the core  10 , said proximal portion being provided with a complementary snap-fastener portion in relief, e.g. in the form of a groove, as shown in  FIG. 20 . In a variant, as shown in  FIG. 21 , the stem  4  is made with a distal portion  40  that is fastened in a housing  41  formed at the proximal end of the core  10 . 
     By way of example, the radius r of the envelope surface E can vary by less than 50% between one fourth and one half of the distance between the plane containing the peak ridge  30  and the distal end  21  of the applicator. 
     In some embodiments, when the applicator is loaded with composition on being inserted into a receptacle through a wiper member, the bristles of the applicator can flex towards the distal end on removal of the applicator. Some bristles can be sufficiently long and close enough to the distal end  21 , so that, by flexing, they cover the shortest bristles situated closest to the distal end. While flexing on passing through the wiper member, the free ends of some bristles can substantially reach the distal end of the core along the axis Y, as shown in  FIG. 23 , e.g. they can extend beyond the end. 
     Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. 
     In particular, the various embodiment characteristics of the above examples could be combined together within variants that are not shown. 
     For example, any of the brushes in  FIGS. 8 to 12  could be made with a core that extends along a longitudinal axis that is curved. 
     The bristles could be of any kind and could present any section. 
     It is possible to use bristles presenting, in cross-section, a circular shape with or without a flat; a flat shape; a star shape, e.g. a cross shape or having a plurality of branches; a U-shape, an H-shape, a T-shape, or a V-shape; a hollow shape, e.g. circular or square, forming ramifications, e.g. snowflake-shaped; a prismatic shape, e.g. triangular, square, or hexagonal; or even oblong-shaped, in particular lens-shaped; or hourglass-shaped. 
     It is possible to use bristles having portions that are hinged to one another. It is also possible to use bristles that present at least one capillary channel. 
     Before being put into place on the core, the bristles could present an optionally rectilinear shape, e.g. an undulating shape. 
     The bristles could be subjected to a treatment that seeks to form beads or spikes at their ends. 
     The bristles could be natural or synthetic, and could, for example, be fabricated in a material selected from: polyethylene (PE); polyamide (PA), in particular PA6, PA6/6, PA6/10, or PA6/12; HYTREL®; PEBAX®; silicone; and polyurethane (PU); this list not being limiting. 
     The applicator could include a mixture of bristles, the applicator elements, whether formed of bristles or of teeth, could overlap when the applicator is observed perpendicularly to the axis Y, as shown in  FIG. 24 . 
     It is possible to use flocked applicator elements or even applicator elements that are made by extruding or injection-molding a plastics material containing a filler of particles, e.g. particles of a moisture-absorbing material, so as to impart micro-relief to the surface of the applicator elements, or so as to give them magnetic or other properties. 
     The applicator elements, whether they are formed of teeth and/or of bristles, could thus be magnetizable. 
     The applicator elements could also be made with a material presenting properties that favors sliding. 
     The core could also be a double core, formed by two individual cores that are twisted together. Each individual core could comprise two strands that are twisted together, trapping bristles. Each of the two individual cores could be constituted by a branch of a single twisted core that is folded into a U-shape, the two branches being twisted together. 
     The applicator elements could be treated by contact with a hot surface and/or by stamping, in such a manner as to interrupt the spiral effect or to orientate the applicator elements in a circumferential direction around the core. 
     Notches could be made in the applicator, in particular when it is as a brush. 
     The applicator elements can be disposed in rows, e.g. aligned in meridians joining the distal and proximal ends of the core. 
     Within any one row, the applicator elements could be in alignment, or they could be disposed in a staggered configuration, as shown in  FIG. 26 . 
     The applicator elements, in particular when they are teeth or bristles that are integrally molded with the core, could extend along the longitudinal axis with spacing that is constant or that varies, as shown in  FIG. 25 . 
     The expression “comprising a” should be understood as being synonymous with “comprising at least one” unless specified to the contrary. The expression “lying in the range” should be construed as including their limits. 
     Although the present invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.