Patent Publication Number: US-PP28938-P3

Title: Ilex plant named ‘NCIV2’

Description:
Latin name of the genus and species: The Latin name of the novel plant variety disclosed herein is  Ilex verticillata.    
     Variety denomination: The inventive seedling selection of  Ilex verticillata  disclosed herein has been given the varietal denomination ‘NCIV2’. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention comprises a new and distinct winterberry holly cultivar hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name ‘NCIV2’. This new holly was developed at North Carolina State University, Mills River, N.C. ‘NCIV2’ was selected from a population of seedlings grown from an open-pollinated selection of  Ilex verticillata  (NCSU 1998-538, unpatented, parentage unknown). ‘NCIV2’ was selected based on its compact form and prolific, large, orange, showy fruit. DNA content of ‘NCIV2’ was determined using flow cytometry and found to be approximately twice that of  I. verticillata  ‘Winter Red’ (unpatented) indicating that ‘NCIV2’ is a natural tetraploid. 
     The first asexual propagation of ‘NCIV2’ was carried out in July 2008 by rooting stem cuttings at the North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research Station, Mills River, N.C. and has been asexually reproduced repeatedly by vegetative cuttings over a 7 year period. ‘NCIV2’ roots readily from softwood cuttings treated with a basal dip of 2,500-5,000 ppm indole butyric acid (potassium salt) in water. ‘NCIV2’ has been found to retain its distinctive characteristics through successive asexual propagations. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The following are the unique combination of characteristics of this new cultivar when grown under standard horticultural practices at North Carolina State University, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research Station, Mills River, N.C.
         1. Compact habit and small stature.   2. Prolific, large, orange fruit.   3. 2C DNA content of approximately 4.15 pg indicating it is a tetraploid cytotype.       

    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
       This new holly is illustrated by the accompanying photograph which shows the plant&#39;s form and fruit characteristics. The colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures. Colors in the photograph may differ slightly from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description, which accurately describe the colors of the new hybrid holly. 
         FIG. 1  is a color photograph showing the form and fruit of ‘NCIV2’ in early spring 2014 on an eight-year-old plant in Mills River, N.C. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION 
     The following is a detailed description of the botanical characteristics of the new and distinct holly variety known by the denomination ‘NCIV2’. The detailed description was taken on an eight-year-old field-grown plant in Mills River, N.C. in 2014. All colors cited herein refer to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart (The Royal Horticultural Society (R.H.S.), London, 2001 Edition). Where specific dimensions, sizes, colors, and other characteristics are given, it is to be understood that such characteristics are approximations or averages set forth as accurately as practicable. 
     Technical Description of the Variety 
     
         
         Classification:
             Botanical name.—Ilex verticillata  ‘NCIV2’.     Common name .—Winterberry holly.       
     
         Parentage: Seedling grown from an open-pollinated selection of  Ilex verticillata , NCSU 1998-538 (unpatented). 
         Plant description:
             Growth habit .—Deciduous shrub. Compact, rounded/oval in shape.     Height .—About 90 cm after nine years.     Width .—About 100 cm after nine years.       
     
         Shoot and stem:
             Mature stem texture .—Finely pubescent, with lenticels.     Mature stem color .—Brown (197B) with brown (N200D) lenticels.       
     
         Lateral branches:
             Length .—About 13.5 cm.     Diameter .—About 2 mm.     Internode length .—About 3.3 cm.     Strength .—Strong.     Texture .—Smooth, glabrous.     Color .—Immature: Green (138A). Mature: Grayed-green (198A).     Lenticels .—Length: About 1 mm. Diameter: About 1 mm. Color: Grey-brown (199C) to grey-brown (199D).       
     
         Roots: Fibrous, freely branching. 
         Leaves:
             Arrangement .—Alternate, single.     Length .—Avg. 5.15 cm (3.1 to 7.2 cm).     Width .—Avg. 2.75 cm (0.8 to 4.7 cm).     Leaves per lateral branch.— 100 to 200.     Shape .—Elliptic.     Apex .—Apiculate.     Base .—Attenuate.     Margin .—Serrulate.     Fragrance .—None.     Aspect .—Flat.     Venation pattern .—Pinnate.     Texture .—Upper Surface: Smooth, glabrous. Lower Surface: Pubescent, slightly rugose.     Emerging leaves .—Color: Upper: Green (144A). Lower: Yellow-green (144A).     Mature leaves during growing season .—Color: Upper: Green (139A). Lower: Green (147B).     Venation .—Upper Surface: Green (145C). Lower Surface: Yellow-green (145C).     Petiole .—Length: Avg. 1.1 cm (0.5 to 1.6 cm). Diameter: Avg. 0.68 mm (0.36 to 0.99 mm). Texture: Upper: Glabrous. Lower: Glabrous. Color: Upper: Yellow-green (145C). Lower: Yellow-green (145C).     Leaf bud .—Length: 1 mm. Diameter: 1 mm. Texture: Slightly rough.     Stipules .—Not present.       
     
         Inflorescence:
             Description .—Small, axillary cup-shaped flowers, solitary. Flowers face upright to outward. Flowers not persistent.     Number of true flowers per inflorescence.— 1.     Flowering season .—Summer; June and July in Mills River, N.C.     Fragrance .—None detected.     Bud .—Shape: Globular. Length: About 2 mm. Diameter: About 2 mm. Color: Green-white (157A).     Flower .—Diameter: 1 mm. Length: 1 mm.     Petals .—Arrangement: Whorl. Number: 7. Fused: Not fused. Texture: Smooth. Shape: Oblong. Margin: Entire. Apex: Rounded. Base: Attenuate. Length: About 3 mm. Width: About 2.0 mm. Texture: Upper: Smooth, glabrous. Lower: Smooth, glabrous. Color when opening: Upper: White (157B). Lower: White (157A). Color at anthesis: Upper: Green-white (157B). Lower: Green-white (157A).     Sepal .—Quantity per flower: 7. Length: About 1.5 mm. Width: About 1 mm. Shape: Deltoid. Apex: Acute. Base: Fused. Margin: Entire. Texture: Upper: Smooth, glabrous. Lower: Smooth, glabrous. Color: Upper: Yellow-green (144A). Lower: Yellow-green (144A).     Peduncle .—Length: About 2 mm. Diameter: About 1.0 mm. Orientation: About 20 to 40 degrees from vertical. Strength: Strong. Color: Yellow-green (144A).       
     
         Reproductive traits:
             Sex .—Functional female (dioecious). Needs male pollinator to fertilize.     Gynoecium .—Pistil number: 1. Pistil length: About 7 mm. Stigma shape: Oblong. Stigma color: Yellow-green (144A). Ovary shape: Oval. Ovary color: Green (143A).     Androcoecium .—Stamen number: 7. Anther shape: Narrowly deltoid. Anther attachment: Basifixed. Anther size: About 1.0 mm long and 0.5 mm wide. Anther color: Green-white (157D). Amount of pollen: None observed.       
     
         Fruit and seed:
             Fruit type .—Drupe.     Fruit texture .—Smooth, glabrous.     Fruit quantity per flower.— 1.     Fruit shape .—Spherical, somewhat flattened.     Fruit diameter .—Avg. 8.71 mm (7.38 to 10.04 mm). Fruit Length: 7.1 to 10 mm.     Fruit color .—Immature: Yellow-Green (145A). Mature: Orange-Red (33B).     Days to ripening .—About 75.     Longevity on plant .—More than 2 weeks.     Seed number .—About 7.     Seed length .—Avg. 4.9 mm (4.17 mm to 5.56 mm).     Seed diameter .—Avg. 2.36 mm (1.75 to 2.96 mm).     Seed shape .—Oblong to slightly crescent.     Seed texture .—Smooth, glabrous.     Seed color .—Yellow-Orange (44A).       
     
         DNA content: 2C DNA contend was determined following the methods of Shearer and Ranney (2013) using 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorochrome stain and  Pisum sativum  ‘Ctirad’ (unpatented) as an internal standard with 3 replications. Mean 2C DNA content for ‘NCIV2’ was 4.15±0.13 (SEM) pg, approximately twice the value of  I. verticillata  ‘Winter Red’ with a DNA content of 1.93±0.05 (SEM) pg indicating that ‘NCIV2’ is a tetraploid. 
         Disease and insect resistance: No significant disease or insect pests have been observed. 
         Cold hardiness: At least USDA zone 5; testing has not been completed in colder zones. 
       
    
     COMPARISON WITH OTHER CULTIVARS 
     Table 1 shows comparison of distinguishing characteristics between  Ilex verticillata  ‘NCIV2’, the female parent (NCSU 1998-538), and cultivars ‘NCIV1’ and ‘Winter Red’ (U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,146). ‘NCIV2’ is distinguished from  Ilex verticillata  ‘Winter Red’ by having twice the genomic DNA content indicating it is a tetraploid and having a smaller, compact stature, and larger diameter orange fruit. ‘NCIV2’ is distinguished from both ‘NCIV1’ and NCSU 1998-538 with its distinct orange-red fruit. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Comparison of  Ilex verticillata  taxa. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Taxa 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Ilex  
                 Ilex  
                 Ilex verticillata 
                   
               
               
                   
                 verticillata 
                 verticillata 
                 ‘NCIV1’ 
                 Ilex  
               
               
                   
                 ‘Winter 
                 NCSU 
                 (U.S. Plant Pat.  
                 verticillata 
               
               
                 Trait 
                 Red’ 
                 1998-538 
                 No. 27,109) 
                 ‘NCIV2’ 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Plant height &amp; 
                 About 
                 About 
                 About 
                 About 
               
               
                 diameter 
                 96 in. × 
                 50 in. × 
                 40 in. × 
                 36 in. × 
               
               
                   
                 96 in. 
                 50 in. 
                 40 in. 
                 40 in. 
               
               
                 Plant habit 
                 Erect,  
                 Rounded 
                 Compact, 
                 Compact, 
               
               
                   
                 rounded 
                   
                 roughly 
                 roughly 
               
               
                   
                 shape 
                   
                 rounded shape 
                 rounded shape 
               
               
                 Fruit diameter 
                 Mean: 6 
                 Mean: 8 
                 Mean: 10 
                 Mean: 8.71 
               
               
                 (mm) 
                 Range: 
                 Range: 
                 Range: 8 to 12 
                 Range: 7.38  
               
               
                   
                 4 to 8 
                 6 to 10 
                   
                 to 10.04 
               
               
                 Fruit color 
                 Reddish- 
                 Reddish- 
                 Red 
                 Orange-red 
               
               
                   
                 orange 
                 orange 
                 (44A/B) 
                 (33B) 
               
               
                   
                 (40B) 
                 (40C) 
                   
                   
               
               
                 DNA content 
                 1.93 ± 0.05 
                 4.33 ± 0.05 
                 4.38 ± 0.03 
                 4.15 ± 0.13 
               
               
                 (pg) 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 mean ± SEM 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                 Estimated 
                 Diploid 
                 Tetraploid 
                 Tetraploid 
                 Tetraploid 
               
               
                 ploidy level