Patent Publication Number: US-8123066-B2

Title: Container

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/029,980, filed Jan. 5, 2005, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/573,175, filed May 21, 2004, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/613,876, filed Sep. 28, 2004, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/614,220, filed Sep. 29, 2004, of which the entirety of each application is hereby incorporated by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     The present invention is a novel container that includes an applicator shelf. The container is practical for use with any fluids that might by applied by roller, including, for example, paints, stains, water repellants, adhesives, or sizing. The shelf allows for distribution of a fluid that could be contained in the base member onto an applicator. The shelf additionally provides for drainage of excess fluid from the applicator and from the shelf itself. The container also includes a lid, which is locked onto the base member of the container during initial transportation and storage of the container. Additives, such as colorants, catalysts, biocides, or other materials, could be added by removing the lid, adding the desired additive, and then resealing the lid, or they could be added into the container through a resealable additive hole, such as an additive hole that contains a plug, that can be incorporated into the topside of the lid. If a resealable additive hole is incorporated into the lid, it is not necessary to disengage the lid from the base member to incorporate the additive. Thus, the lid could remain locked onto the base member to prevent accidental removal of the lid. The lid is removable by the consumer such as by disengagement of a tear-off strip. The tear-off strip serves as one locking mechanism by which the lid is engaged onto the base member. Even after the tear-off strip is removed, a second locking mechanism can serve to engage the lid onto the base member so that any materials remaining in the container can be stored in the container until needed. The container also includes a handle, such as a wire bail or plastic handle, for easy transport. One useful application of the container is for containing coatings such as paints or stains. 
     Because the shelf of the present invention is contained entirely within the base member, one problem that is typically encountered with conventional roller trays is resolved; namely, an instance where paint or other material must be poured from its container into a well of a conventional roller tray, thereby creating unwanted mess and waste. The container also reduces the mess and waste at the end of a job where paint or other material remains in the well of the conventional roller tray. Since the base member of the present invention itself contains the paint or other material and a shelf to be used for a particular project, it is also unnecessary for a consumer to purchase a separate roller tray. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to a container. One object of the present invention is to provide a container to store, provide access to, and dispense liquids. In one embodiment, the container includes a base member, and the base member further includes a well that comprises a floor and a back wall, a first sidewall, a front wall and a second sidewall. The container of this embodiment includes a lid and also includes a shelf that is housed within the base member. 
     The shelf of this embodiment includes a top surface, and an underside also includes and at least one hole through the shelf. In an alternative embodiment, the shelf can be constructed with a continuous surface without any holes therethrough. The shelf is adapted to receive an applicator, such as a paint roller. The shelf may include at least one hole, and alternatively a plurality of holes, to provide for drainage of excess fluid from the application. In this embodiment, the shelf may also include one or more ribs to assist in the dispersion of the fluid onto the applicator. 
     The shelf of this embodiment includes a novel integrated pouring spout. Through use of the spout, the user may transfer fluid that is contained in the base member into a separate container cleanly and easily. In one embodiment the pouring spout is an upward projection including at least one sidewall. In an alternative embodiment, the pouring spout is an upward projection including at least two adjacent sidewalls. 
     In one embodiment, the lid includes an opening therethrough. The opening can include a removable plug that is affixed into the opening. The plug may, for example, be removed in order to introduce an additive to the fluid contained in the container without removing the lid, and is used to reseal the additive hole. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the container also includes a handle. 
     Another embodiment of this invention provides for a shelf that can be used as an applicator surface to assist in the distribution of a fluid onto an applicator. One such applicator that can be used in accordance with this embodiment is a paint roller. The shelf is positioned within a container to allow for drainage of excess fluid into the container. In one embodiment, the shelf includes an integrated pouring spout. The pouring spout can be an upward projection, and includes at least one sidewall. 
     Yet another embodiment of this invention provides for a process of mixing an additive into a fluid contained in a container. The process of this embodiment includes providing a container, where the container further includes a fluid and a shelf suspended over a portion of the fluid; providing a lid that is affixed onto the container, where the lid includes a lid opening that houses a resealable plug; adding an additive to the container through the lid opening; and affixing the plug into the lid opening. The process of this embodiment also includes agitating the container. 
     Another embodiment of this invention provides for a process of mixing a colorant in a container. The process of this embodiment includes providing a container; providing a lid that is affixed onto the container, where the lid includes a lid opening that houses a resealable plug; adding colorant to the container through the lid opening; and affixing the plug into the lid opening. The container further includes paint and a paint roller shelf that is suspended over at least a portion of the paint. The process of this embodiment also includes agitating the container. 
     Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides for a process of applying paint to a roller. The process of this embodiment includes providing a container with an opening into a fluid storage area; and providing a shelf suspended over the fluid storage area. The shelf of this embodiment includes an integrated pouring spout. 
     Another embodiment of this invention provides for an adapter to be used during agitation of the container. The adapter is placed on the surface of a lid of a container and bears the force of a pressure plate of a mixer. The adapter is designed to receive downward force from the pressure plate and apply that force evenly and uniformly on the container lid to keep the lid in place during agitation. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       It will be appreciated that the illustrated boundaries of elements (e.g., boxes or groups of boxes) in the figures represent one example of the boundaries. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one element may be designed as multiple elements or that multiple elements may be designed as one element. 
       Further, in the accompanying drawings and description that follow, like parts are indicated throughout the drawings and description with the same reference numerals, respectively. The figures are not drawn to scale and the proportions of certain parts may have been exaggerated for convenience of illustration. 
         FIG. 1  is an exploded view of a container as described herein, said container including a base member with a shelf contained therein and a lid. 
         FIG. 2  is a side view of a container as described herein. 
         FIG. 3  is a perspective view of the container, specifically the back and side of the container. 
         FIG. 3   a  illustrates the lid tab and tear-off strip, with the tear-off attached to the lid. 
         FIG. 4  is a perspective view of the base member with the lid, shelf, and wire handle removed. 
         FIG. 4   a  is a perspective view of a bail hole and bail groove into which a handle can be inserted. 
         FIG. 5  is a perspective view of the base member with the lid, shelf, and wire handle removed. 
         FIG. 6  is a cross-sectional view of the container, fully assembled as herein representatively described. 
         FIG. 6   a  is a cross-sectional view of the lid as engaged onto the base member, proximal to the lid tab. 
         FIG. 6   b  is a cross-sectional view of the lid as engaged onto the base member, proximal to a lower ring. 
         FIG. 7  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 8  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of the bottom of a shelf. 
         FIG. 10  is a perspective view of the bottom view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 11  is a side view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 12  is a perspective view of the underside of a lid. 
         FIG. 13  is a perspective view of the underside of a lid. 
         FIG. 14  is a perspective view of the underside of a lid. 
         FIG. 15  is a perspective view of a fully assembled container as described herein. 
         FIG. 15   a  is a perspective view of a bail handle as inserted into the bail hole and engaged with the bail groove. 
         FIG. 16  is a bottom view of the insert. 
         FIG. 17  is a top view of the insert. 
         FIG. 18  is a bottom view of the insert. 
         FIG. 19   a  is a bottom view of the insert. 
         FIG. 19   b  is a front view of the insert. 
         FIG. 19   c  is a side view of the insert. 
         FIG. 20  is a front view of the container housed in a shaker, with the insert placed on the lid of the container. 
         FIG. 21  is a front view of the container housed in a shaker, with the insert placed on the lid of the container. 
         FIG. 22  is a perspective view of the top of the insert. 
         FIG. 23  is a top view of the insert that is placed on container lid. 
         FIG. 24  is a front view of the container housed in a shaker, with the insert placed on the lid of the container. 
         FIG. 25  is a front view of the container housed in a shaker. 
         FIG. 26  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 27  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 28  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
         FIG. 29  is a perspective view of a shelf. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS 
     It should be noted that in the detailed description that follows, identical components have the same reference numerals, regardless of whether they are shown in different embodiments of the present invention. It should also be noted that in order to clearly and concisely disclose the present invention, the drawings may not necessarily be to scale and certain features of the invention may be shown in somewhat schematic form. 
     Unless otherwise indicated, as used herein, the terms “about” and “approximately” mean±10%. 
     As used herein the term “paint container” shall representatively describe the container as described. However, it should be appreciated that the container can house any variety of fluids, including but not limited to paints, stains, water repellants, adhesives, or sizing. 
     In one embodiment, this disclosure relates to an inclusive delivery system that provides a user with a fluid, a integrated shelf, and a lid in an easy-to-transport, easy-to-use, and easy-to-access container. In another useful embodiment, the delivery system contains paint and the shelf acts as a roller tray that provides for easy drainage and removal of excess paint into the reservoir of the container. 
     Referring first to  FIG. 1 , the container includes a base member indicated generally at  1 , a shelf, or applicator surface, indicated generally at  20 , and a lid indicated generally at  40 . The container also includes a fluid, and in one embodiment, includes paint, that is housed within the base member and sold with the container as an all-inclusive system. Any quantity of fluid may be included in accordance with the container as described herein. The quantity of fluid that may be placed in the container will be dictated by the size of the base member, and conversely, the size of the base member may be modified subject to the quantity of fluid desired to be contained therein. In one embodiment, the container will house approximately 2.5 gallons of paint. The components of the container, namely the base member, lid, and shelf can each individually be made from any practical materials, including plastics such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, or polyethylene. The components of the container, in one useful embodiment, are constructed from high-density polyethylene (HDPE). 
     The base member acts as a reservoir from which paint is collected by a roller, and into which surplus paint drains through holes  21  in the shelf. The holes in the shelf not only provide for drainage of excess paint, but the holes also allow for ample color dispersion after colorant is introduced into the container and the container is placed into a paint shaker. In this way, the subject paint container can be sold with paint, which can later be colored based on user specifications. A lid is placed onto the base member and “locked” to ensure that it does not dislodge during shaking, and the lid is not required to be removed in order to introduce a colorant due to the presence of an additive hole through which a colorant is added. Thus, a paint container system is provided. 
     As best shown in  FIGS. 2 ,  3  and  4 , the base member of the container of the instant invention comprises two side walls  7  spaced from each other, and a front wall  17  spaced from a back wall  6 , and a floor  3 , and contains a predetermined quantity of fluid therein. In one embodiment, the upper portion of the front wall of the base member is outwardly rounded to form a lip  17   a . A rounded lip provides more clearance for an applicator to be inserted into the base member to access the fluid composition. In an alternative embodiment, the front wall need not be rounded. 
     Though the base member can be of any shape, in one useful embodiment, the base member is generally non-cylindrical. Although shown herein as having a generally rectangular footprint, the container, e.g., base member and lid, may have other shapes. For example, the container could be any non-cylindrical shape. Likewise, the container can be any cylindrical shape, such as generally round or elliptical. In a case where the container is a cylindrical shape, the base member may have only one continuous, e.g., circumferential, sidewall rather than the more than one sidewall as illustrated herein. 
     The base member can be tapered slightly from top to bottom, thereby more easily allowing nesting of multiple base members during storage and warehousing prior to assembly of the lid and shelf therein. Additionally, the tapering of the base member provides a smaller footprint for the container, allowing one filled and lidded container to be stacked upon one another, while being nested within the lid of the container beneath it, such as in a store display. In this manner, stacked containers are less likely to slide off or be pushed off of one another during storage. 
     In one embodiment, the bottom of the base member measures a width of about 10.91 inches. The width of the top of the base member is about 12.75 inches, from side wall to side wall. A handle  48  is pivotally mounted to ears  13  that appear on the sidewalls  7 . In this embodiment, the width of the base member as measured from one ear to the opposing ear is about 13.09 inches, and the length of the base member, from the front wall to the back wall is about 11.10 inches, as measured from the bottom of front wall to the bottom of the back wall. However, the length of the base member, as measured from the lip of the base member to the back wall of the base member is about 13.26 inches due to the outwardly rounded lip of this embodiment. A lid  40  (see  FIG. 1 ) is also provided for engagement onto the base member. With the lid engaged onto the base member, the length of the base member, as measured from the front of the lid (proximal to the lip) the back of the lid (proximal to the back wall) is about 13.43 inches. In this embodiment, the height of the container with the lid engaged, as measured along the front wall from the bottom of the base member to the top of the lid, is about 6.69 inches. The height of the container with the lid engaged, as measured along the back wall from the bottom of the base member to the top of the lid, is about 7.69 inches. 
     The central portion of the floor  3  of the base member is sloped slightly downward toward the front wall  17  of the base member. The slope of the central portion of the floor is greater than 90° but less than 180° relative to the x-axis. This slope directs the paint or other liquid toward the front of the base member where an access opening  31  is provided (see  FIG. 1 ). The side edges  4  of the floor remain flat and do not slope in order to keep the container stable and flat when placed on a surface during use, storage, or shaking in a paint mixer. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the bottom surface of the side edges of the floor may include anti-skid ribs or grips, or other material that produces friction between the underside of the side edges and the surface upon which the container is placed. In yet another embodiment, the underside of the base member may, include casters or other mechanisms that allow the base member to be easily rolled, slid, or otherwise moved from area to area. Such a feature is particularly useful when the user wishes to transport the container from one area of a room or home without lifting the container while the container fully or partially contains a paint or other composition. 
     In one embodiment, the underside of the base member includes a recessed finger grip  5 . As best shown in  FIGS. 3 and 6 , the finger grip is located on the underside of the base member proximal to the front wall of the base member. The finger grip allows a user easier access and ability to move the container, such as for example, off of a store shelf. The finger grip may also be used to assist the user in tipping the base member in order to pour paint out of the base member through a pouring spout. The tipping finger grip allows the user to pour from the container without lifting the entire container off of the floor or other surface upon which the container is resting. It is desirable, therefore, that the finger grip is located opposite to a pouring spout or other region from which the fluid may be poured. Furthermore, a finger grip allows the user a means to stabilize the container with one hand while holding the container by the wire handle with the other hand. When multiple containers are stacked atop one another, the tipping finger grip is easily accessible without lifting a container off of the one beneath it. 
     In an alternative embodiment, the base member may include a recessed tipping finger grip that is located along the lower portion of the back wall. Again, the finger grip of this embodiment provides an easy means for the user to tilt the container if the user chooses to direct fluid toward the front of the base member for easier access to the fluid by an applicator, such as a paint roller, or if the user wishes to pour the fluid from the front or front corners of the container. In one useful embodiment, a spout is formed one the wall of the base member that is opposite to the finger grip. 
     The recess that forms the finger grip  5  may be formed at various depths, such as to accommodate a user&#39;s fingertips or a greater portion of the user&#39;s fingers. For example, in an instance where the finger grip may be formed along the back wall of the base member, it may be desirable to have a finger grip that is deeper, in order to accommodate a larger area of the user&#39;s fingers, such as up to a user&#39;s knuckles. However, if the finger grip is placed proximate to the area of the base member to which paint is directed, it may be more desirable to have a shallow recess, such as to accommodate a user&#39;s fingertips, so that paint may easily flow toward that end of the base member without being interrupted by an intrusive finger grip. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1 ,  7 - 10 , and  26  and  28 , one useful embodiment may include a pouring spout  54  that is integrated with a shelf. The shelf and integrated pouring spout are more fully described below. In an alternative embodiment, the base member may contain a pouring spout that is formed into a wall of the base member. For example, a pouring spout may be formed from the lip  17   a  of the base member. 
     As seen in  FIGS. 6   a  and  6   b , the outside upper periphery of the base member includes two parallel satellite rings in order to allow engagement of the lid  40 . The parallel satellite rings include an upper ring  10  and a middle ring  11 . The middle ring  11  locks onto the lower protruding rim of the lid  43 , and the upper ring  10  locks onto the upper protruding rim  44  of the lid. Thus, the middle ring and upper ring serve to engage and lock the lid  43  onto the base member. The lid  40  can be removed by detaching a tear-off strip  42  that comprises a portion of the lid. The tear-off strip mechanism is more fully described below and in U.S. Pat. No. 6,543,635, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference thereto. U.S. Pat. No. 6,543,635 also describes the means by which the lid of the container described herein attaches and “locks” onto the base member. 
     In one embodiment, the upper periphery of the base member also includes a lower ring  12 . The lower ring  12  abuts the bottom edge of the lid sidewall  47  when the lid is engaged onto the base member (see  FIG. 6   b ). The abutment of the bottom edge of the lid sidewall  47  adjacent to the lower ring prevents snagging through contact with the lid sidewall and it also deters the user from picking up or guiding the container by the bottom edge of the lid sidewall, thereby minimizing accidental removal of the lid. 
     The lower ring is present around substantially the entire periphery of the base member (as seen in  FIG. 6   b ); however, in one embodiment, the lower ring is not present proximal to the lid tab  51  (as seen in  FIG. 6   a ), thereby creating a lifting groove  56  to allow a user&#39;s fingers to slid behind the lift tab in order to remove the lid (see  FIGS. 3 and 3   a ). Though the lower ring may be designed around the entire periphery of the base member, one advantage of not placing the lower ring proximal to the lid tab is that the lifting groove provides easier access for the user to grip and apply upward force on the lid tab in order to remove the lid. As can best been seen in  FIG. 3 , the area created where the lower ring is not present (for example, where a lifting groove  56  may be positioned) offers easier access for a user&#39;s fingers to reach the lid tab. 
     As also best shown in  FIGS. 1 and 3 , a portion of the back wall  6  and sidewalls  7  of the base member are recessed. A shelf could be placed on the recessed area to suspend the shelf over the fluid and within the container. Alternatively, as depicted in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the interior walls of the recesses may include one or more shelf retention tabs  8  on the upper rim of the recess  9  to latch onto the side lips  28  and back lip  29  ( FIGS. 6 ,  7 , and  8 ) of the shelf and keep the shelf in place during transport, use, and storage. The interior corners of the base member, where the backwall meets each sidewall, may, alternatively, also include a corner shelf retention tab  61 . The side lips of the shelf fit between the side surface of the side shelf retention tabs and the sidewall of the base member. The back lip of the shelf fits between the side surface of a shelf retention tab located on the backwall and the backwall of the base member. As seen in  FIG. 6 , a shelf retention tab could include a notch  32 , within which a foot  30  of the shelf is engaged in order to prevent the shelf from moving or being dislodged during use or transport of the base member, and agitation of the container during dispersion of an additive that could be introduced to the fluid contained therein. In one useful embodiment, the notch is placed on the opposing front most retention tabs located along the sidewall of the base member. In one embodiment, the shelf retention tabs ( FIG. 4 ) that appear along the back wall are at a depth of about 1.48 inches as measured from the top edge of the upper ring. The corner shelf retention tabs are also at a depth of about 1.48 inches as measured from the top edge of the upper ring. As such, when the shelf is inserted into the shelf retention tabs, the shelf is retained entirely within the base member and the approximately 1.48 inch portion of the top of the back wall serves to stop the movement of a paint roller beyond the boundary of the base member and acts as a splash guard  24 . 
     In addition to the shelf retention tabs, one embodiment of the subject invention includes at least one shelf retention segment. As shown in  FIG. 5 , the shelf retention segments may be placed on one or both interior sidewalls and/or the interior of the backwall. Thus, the base member may include one or more sidewall retention segments  58 , one or more backwall retention segments  59 , or a combination thereof. The retention segments are located such that once the roller shelf is affixed onto the shelf retention tabs, the retention segments are proximal to the top surface of the sides and/or back of the roller shelf. In one embodiment, the retention segments are in contact with the top surface of the roller shelf. The retention segments are constructed to act as a means for preventing the roller shelf from dislodging from upward force that may be applied on the roller shelf, such as by the movement of fluid in the base member during agitation. The retention segments may be of any length and may be provided on the sidewalls or backwall in any number of segments. The roller shelf, once affixed onto the shelf retention tabs  8 , is directed under the retention segments so as to be held in place by the retention tabs and retention segments. 
     Though the height of the base member may be equal with respect to each wall of the base member, in one useful embodiment, the top edge of the base member slopes downward as it approaches the front wall of the base member. This can be seen in  FIG. 2 . For example, in one embodiment, the height of the front of the base member as measured along the front wall from the bottom of the base member to the upper edge of the upper ring  10  is about 6.51 inches (see  FIGS. 6   a  and  6   b ). However, the height of the back of the base member as measured along the back wall from the bottom of the base member to the upper edge of the upper ring  10  is about 7.51 inches. The shape of the lid  40  is contoured to be complementary to the shape of the top of the base member. Several advantages may be reaped from the feature of a downward sloping top edge of the base member. One such advantage is that the slope provides for easier removal of multiple stacked containers by making it easier to slide containers off of one another, such as in a store display. Another advantage is that when multiple containers are stacked, the slope allows for a space between the lid of one container and the bottom of the container that is stacked upon it. The space allows a user enough clearance to place a hand beneath the front of a container even when it is stacked atop another container, in order to guide or hold the container or access the finger grip on the underside of the base member. Yet another advantage of including a slope on the top of the base member is that it results in a reduction in headspace. 
     A coating composition, such as paint, may be deposited into the container prior to engaging and locking the lid  40  onto the base member. In one useful embodiment, the container is sold with the paint, coating composition, or other desired fluid product already in the container. 
     A handle, such as a wire bail handle  48 , may be attached to the sidewalls  7  of the container through two ears  13  that appear on the sidewalls. As shown in  FIG. 4   a , each ear includes a top rectangular wall  14  that is current with and extends from the lower ring  12  of the base member and joins into an integrally formed depending outer transverse ear wall  15 ; opposed integrally formed side walls  16  connect the ear wall  15  to the outside of the base member side wall  7  to retain the ear substantially parallel to the base member sidewall  7 . In one embodiment, the ear wall  15  may also include a lip along the lower portion of the ear wall. Such lip may assist in preventing stacked base members from leaning or falling over prior to assembly of the container by maintaining uniformity of the stack. A bail hole  18  is provided in each ear for attachment of a wire handle  48 . In one embodiment, a bail groove  52  is placed on the ear walls, extending from the outer transverse ear wall, to house the wire handle in an upright position (see  FIG. 15   a ), for example when the user is carrying the container to minimize the container from swaying back and forth due to movement of the liquid contained therein. 
     The wire bail handle includes a free-moving molded plastic contoured grip  49  ( FIGS. 1 and 15 ) to allow the user a comfortable grip on the handle during transportation. The free-movement of the grip provides for stability of the container while the user is carrying it despite the movement of the liquid in the container. The grip may be produced in a one-piece or two-piece construction. One useful embodiment includes a one-piece molded grip through which the wire handle is threaded prior to the handle being attached to the ears through the bail hole. In one embodiment, the plastic grip is molded as a two-piece construction. In this embodiment, a peg-and-hole configuration provides an engagement point for the two pieces of the grip. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 1 and 6 , an applicator surface, also referred to herein as a shelf  20 , is dimensioned to be received entirely within the base member. As such, a splash guard  24  is created by the upper portion of the base member that surrounds the shelf on three sides. The splash guard  24  that is created around the back and sides of the shelf  20  minimizes paint from running down the outside back and side walls of the base member. Moreover, the splash guard acts as a wall to stop the paint roller once the roller comes in contact with the splash guard to prevent the roller from rolling beyond the boundary of the base member. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 7 ,  8 ,  9 ,  10  and  11 , the top surface, or face, one embodiment of the applicator surface  20  includes at least one hole  21 , and more usefully a plurality of holes, which provide for drainage and removal of excess paint from the roller or other type of applicator, as well as providing for additive dispersion during agitation. The holes on the shelf may be particularly useful for the addition of colorant or other additive to paint or other fluid because the holes may provide for ample colorant or additive dispersion during agitation of the container. The holes of one useful embodiment measure about 0.50 inches in diameter. The viscosity of the material contained within the base member and rolled on the roller shelf, and considerations of proper drainage and prevention of skinning are all factors that may be considered when determining the number of and location of holes (see  FIGS. 7 and 8 ). Alternatively, a shelf may be constructed with a continuous applicator surface. In this embodiment, no holes are provided in the shelf.  FIGS. 26 and 27  illustrate alternative roller shelves that are provided without holes therethrough. 
     In one embodiment, the shelf may include raised ribs  22  that appear in an inverted “v” design, as viewed from the front of the container. The inverted “v” design guides excess paint from the center of the shelf toward a gutter  23 , which is located along at least one side of the face of the shelf. The raised ribs may be placed in a parallel configuration. It is to be appreciated that the raised ribs may be placed in any number of configurations, included but not limited to inverted “v” design ribs or latitudinally parallel ribs. If holes are provided in the roller shelf, the holes  21  may be placed between raised ribs  22 . The ribs of one useful embodiment measure about 0.075 inches in height. In one embodiment, the shelf includes at least one gutter  23  on the face of the shelf. The shelf includes two opposing gutters along each side of the face of the shelf, adjacent to the side lips  28  of the shelf and parallel to the side walls of the base member, as depicted in  FIG. 7 . When the shelf is affixed into the base member, the gutters are adjacent to the side walls of the base member. The gutters prevent paint, or other viscous materials, from pooling in the area where the shelf meets the sidewalls of the base member by forming a channel for the free-flow of excess paint into the base member reservoir. The gutters allow for the drainage of excess paint from the roller shelf, even when holes are not provided in the roller shelf. 
     In one embodiment, the shelf may also include a back channel  26  that is positioned near the back edge of the face of the shelf. The back channel  26  functions to grip the fluid applicator, such as a roller or pad, during use as the applicator is pulled toward the front of the container. 
     In one embodiment, the shelf is about 11.75 inches wide as measured from side lip to side lip  28 . The length of the shelf is about 7.55 inches as measured from front lip to back lip. However, the dimensions of the shelf may be varied, depending upon the size of the base member. For example, a wider base member may require a wider shelf. 
     In one embodiment, the shelf is wide enough to accommodate a standard size roller. It is to be appreciated, however, that the width of the shelf may be as wide as any base member will accommodate. In one embodiment, the width of the area on the shelf upon which the raised ribs  22  appear is generally not appreciably less than the width of a roller that may be used in combination with the container, such as a standard size roller, thereby ensuring that the entire width of a paint roller pad will come in contact with the raised ribs, however, raised ribs may be present on the roller shelf in any length, width or configuration. 
     The shelf of one embodiment is long enough to allow a standard roller to make at least one full revolution, thereby coating substantially the entire surface of roller pad with paint with as little as one rolling pass. In one useful embodiment, the shelf is also short enough to allow sufficient clearance between the front edge  25  of the shelf and the front wall  17  and lip  17   a  of the base member. Such clearance will ensure that there is an adequate access opening  31  for a user to insert a fluid applicator, such as a brush, pad or roller, into the fluid that is contained within the base member. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 9 and 10 , the bottom side of the shelf may include one or more ribs  53 ,  60  to reinforce the shelf and provide rigidity to the structure, thereby enabling the user to exert force on the shelf during use of a roller without the shelf concaving downward. The ribs may be placed parallel or perpendicular, or a combination of both, with respect to the side lip of the shelf. 
     The shelf may be either permanently or removably affixed within the base member. The shelf may be placed onto the recessed area of the base member and is therefore suspended in the container generally above the fluid contained in the container. In one embodiment, the shelf is permanently affixed to the base member, such as by gluing, welding, or otherwise fastening, the shelf to the base member. In another useful embodiment, the shelf is removably affixed to the base member. As seen in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , the shelf may include a back lip  29  and two (2) side lips  28  that fit and lock into the shelf retention tabs  8 . In this manner, the shelf remains in position during transportation, storage, and agitation of the container, and is ready to use when the consumer removes the lid of the container. Though the shelf retention tabs  8  may be positioned at any depth in the base member during manufacture, it is notable that the deeper the tabs are positioned in the base member, the less splashing and running of fluid, such as paint that may be applied with a roller, will appear along the outside of the back and side walls of the base member during use of a roller on the shelf. In one embodiment, a front lip  27  may also be included as a feature of the shelf because it adds rigidity to the structure of the shelf. The shelf retention tabs and engagement of the tabs with the lips of the shelf secure the shelf such that, though the shelf may be removed from the container, the shelf is not easily dislodged during agitation, use or transportation of the container. Furthermore, the notch  32  that could be placed on a retention tab, such as the front most retention tab, thereby accepting a foot  30  of the shelf also assists to prevent the shelf from moving or being dislodged during agitation, use or, transport of the base member 
     It may also be useful if the shelf is, at least in part, above a level of the fluid contained within the base member. In one embodiment, the entire shelf and level of the liquid fill are dimensioned so that at rest on a level surface, the liquid level is below the lowest portion of the shelf. 
     When the liquid contained in the base member is not at a level that is below the shelf, it is difficult to provide for additive to access the fluid contents that are just beneath the shelf. For example, when the shelf is constructed without any holes to allow for dispersion of an additive through the holes and into fluid contained beneath the roller shelf, and the fluid level is at or above the lowest point of the shelf, it is possible that any additive that is provided into the container will access only that fluid that is at or above the lowest point of the shelf, and that additive will not be able to reach any fluid that is beneath the shelf. This may be particularly true when, for example, the shelf is constructed with a front lip that would necessarily prevent additive from reaching fluid that is beneath the roller shelf. In order to remedy this potential issue, it may be desirable to provide for a shelf cutout  69  in the front lip of the shelf. One embodiment of a shelf cutout is depicted in  FIG. 28 . Another embodiment of a shelf cutout is depicted in  FIG. 29 . The cutout allows additive to access any fluid that may be present and not otherwise accessible due to the position of the front lip  27 . One situation where a cutout may be particularly useful is when glycol or other non-skinning additive is provided to prevent or minimize the skinning of paint. When glycol is sprayed onto the roller shelf, some glycol is directed to the paint housed in the front of the base member by the gutters present in the roller shelf as well as by running down the shelf. Additionally, the inclusion of holes in a shelf would allow for glycol that is sprayed onto the shelf to access paint that is beneath the shelf. When a shelf is constructed without the inclusion of holes, a cutout in the lip of the shelf would allow glycol to access all paint contained within the base member. 
     As best depicted in  FIG. 11 , in one embodiment, the shelf  20  bows slightly upward, forming a longitudinal arc. In an alternative embodiment, the shelf may be flat. Furthermore, a flat shelf may be placed in the base member horizontally, or at an angle greater than 90° within the base member. It is sometimes desirable, however, that the shelf bows upward to form an arc, thereby increasing the surface area of the shelf without greatly decreasing the clearance area for insertion of an applicator for applying the composition contained in the base member. Accordingly, a bowed shelf can have a relatively shorter length relative to the overall length of the container, but continue to accommodate a full revolution of the roller pad. Moreover, an additional feature of a shelf that bows slightly upward is that it provides for better usability and manipulation of the roller by a user because it is contoured to accept the force exerted through use or a roller. 
     As best seen in  FIGS. 7 and 8 , in one embodiment, the shelf may include an integrated pour spout  54 . The pour spout can be located proximal to the back lip  29  or a side lip  28  of the shelf. The pour spout is an upward projection that guides fluid out of the base member so that the user may transfer the contents of the container into another container, if desired. In one embodiment, the pour spout is a generally rectangular projection with rounded corners and a generally rectangular opening; however, the spout may alternatively be any shape that will provide for easy pourability of a fluid, such as an annular opening or triangular opening. The pour spout may be a self-enclosed structure that forms an opening. Alternatively, the pour spout may be comprised of adjacent side walls that are positioned such that the side walls or back wall of the base member are used to create an enclosed structure through which fluid may be poured. In an alternative embodiment, the pour spout is an upward projection that is semicircular and not self-enclosed, but rather, forms an enclosed structure through abutment with any wall of the base member. Markings on the face of the shelf may be provided as a reference to assist the user in pouring fluid out of the base member. 
     In one embodiment, the pour spout includes four (4) adjacent side walls that form an enclosed structure through which fluid is transferred. In this embodiment, the pour spout height is about 1.07 inches as measured from the bottom edge of the back lip to the top edge of spout. The width of the spout is about 1.65 inches 
     When the job has been completed, the base member may be resealed with the lid without removing the shelf. Because each container is sold with a shelf, it is unnecessary for a consumer to purchase, tray, such as a paint tray. Moreover, because the shelf is housed completely within the base member it is unnecessary for the consumer to remove the shelf for separate storage. 
     From the foregoing it will be appreciated that the base member acts as a reservoir from which fluid can be applied to an applicator, such as for example a brush, pad or roller, and into which surplus fluid drains from or through the shelf. 
     A lid is provided with the container to cover the base member before, between, and after usage. To achieve a tight seal, the perimeter of the underside of the lid is fitted with a gasket. As best seen in  FIG. 12 , during transportation or shaking of the container and at such other times when the lid of the container is engaged on the base member, the roller shelf may be additionally held in place by one or more hold-down lugs  41  that are located on the underside of the lid  40 . When the lid is engaged with the base member, the hold-down lugs  41  rest upon or near the face of the shelf, thereby maintaining the shelf on the shelf retention tabs  8 . In one embodiment, the hold-down lugs would not rest on the gutter of the shelf so that any fluid that may accumulate in the gutter could flow through the gutter into the open area within the base member without being impeded by a hold-down lug. 
     In one embodiment, the underside of the lid, as shown in  FIGS. 13 , and  14 , may include a series of reinforcing, or stiffening, ribs  62  that are generally located near or around the periphery of the lid underside. The stiffening ribs provide the lid with greater rigidity. It should be appreciated that stiffening ribs can be placed at any location on the underside of topside of the lid. 
     The lid can include a tear-off strip  42  (see  FIG. 3 ), which must be removed by the user in order to detach the lid from the base member. Until such time as the tear-off strip is removed by the end user, the lid cannot easily be disengaged from the base member. In one embodiment, the tear-off strip contains one removal point, located on the backside of one of the sidewalls of the lid. In one embodiment, the tear-off strip includes and may be removed through two removal points  55 . The area between the two tear-off strip removal points serves as a lid tab  51 . One tear-off strip that may be used in accordance with the present invention is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,543,635 and U.S. Patent Application Pub. No. 2003/0160051, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference thereto, however, it will be appreciated that any mechanism by which the lid can be secured to prevent it from being removed during transportation, storage, or shaking, and also allows the lid to be replaced onto the base member between uses, may be utilized in accordance with the container. 
     Adjacent to the tear-off strip is a lid tab  51  that the user pulls upward to disengage the lid after the tear strip has been removed (See  FIGS. 3 and 3   a ). The lid lifting groove  56  is proximal to the lid tab so that the user has sufficient clearance between the lid tab and base member to insert several fingers to assist in removing the lid. 
     Generally, there are two levels of parallel protruding rims on the inner perimeter of the lid side wall  47 ; each level of rims appears on substantially the entire periphery of the underside of the lid (see  FIGS. 6   a  and  6   b ). However, in alternative embodiments, spaces can be included that interrupt the continuity of protruding rims around the inner perimeter, particularly on the lower protruding rim  43 , in order to easily enable detachment of the lid from the protruding rims. In one embodiment, the protruding rims do not round the corners of the inner periphery of the lid; however, it is to be appreciated that the protruding rims may extend the entire length of the inner periphery in an alternative embodiment. 
     The lower level protruding rim  43  of the lid “locks” onto the middle ring  11  of the outside top edge of the base member, and the upper protruding rim  44  “locks” onto the upper ring  10  of the outside top edge of the base member when the lid is engaged onto the base member. This locking mechanism is best illustrated in  FIGS. 6   a  and  6   b . The locking is achieved when the lid is forced downward onto the base member. Through a downward force, the protruding rims are displaced to beneath the rings of the base member and remain fitted beneath the rings until the user removes the tear-off strip and lifts upward on the lid tab  51 . 
     When the tear-off strip of the lid is removed, the lower protruding rim  43  is removed along with it. Despite the removal of the tear-off strip by the consumer, the upper protruding rim will continue to operate to lock under the upper ring to hold the lid in place on the base member if and when the user wishes to replace the lid onto the base member during the course of or at the conclusion of a work project. 
     In one embodiment the upper surface of the lid includes a raised flange that is located along a portion of periphery of the topside of the lid. As shown in  FIG. 1 , in another embodiment, the upper surface of the lid includes a back flange  45  and opposing side flanges  46 . The flanges provide for a containment area for another container to be stacked therein, while preventing stacked containers from sliding off of one another in the back or side direction. In this way, multiple containers may be stacked during transportation or storage. In one embodiment, there is no flange on the front of the top side of the lid. Alternatively, a front flange may be included to ensure that multiple stacked containers are completely nested upon one another and cannot easily slide off of one another. However, not including a front flange provides the advantage of easily sliding containers off of one another in the front direction, for example, when multiple containers are stacked such as on shelves or in a store display. Flanges are merely one illustrative way to provide for the nesting of lidded containers. Other means for achieving nesting of containers (when sealed) when stacked upon one another may be employed as well. 
     In one embodiment, the upper surface of the lid is a generally flat surface, with a slight downward slope toward the front of the lid, generally where an additive hole could be housed. Generally, however, the lid is contoured to complement the shape of the top edge of the base member. 
     Advantages of a downward sloping lid design include those advantages that are attained from a downward sloping top surface of the base member, namely, the slope provides for easier removal of multiple stacked containers by making it easier to slide containers off of one another; the slope allows for a space between the lid of one container and the bottom of the container that is stacked upon it, which thereby allows to the finger grip on the underside of the base member; and the slope results in a reduction in headspace. 
     Due to the downward slope on the topside of the lid, it may be advantageous for the underside of the lid to have a stacking lug  57 , as seen in  FIG. 12 . A stacking lug is particularly advantageous when, for example, multiple lids are stacked upside down, such as during manufacturing, or during transportation or storage of the lids before the final container is assembled. The stacking lug operates to level multiple stacked lids to prevent the stack of multiple lids from leaning and falling over due to the slope of the lid. The stacking lug is located on the underside of the lid, proximal to the area of the lid that is sloped. 
     In one embodiment, the container may include an additive hole  50  (see  FIG. 1 ) that is located in the lid for the addition of a variety of desired additives, including but not limited to additives such as colorants, catalysts, biocides, or other materials, to the composition contained in the base member without removal of the lid. In one useful embodiment, the additive hole is resealable and includes a plug or other type of closure affixed therein (see  FIG. 15 ). A plug is particularly advantageous because the container, when it is available for purchase, includes, a composition, a shelf, and a lid that is securely and tightly sealed. The presence of a plug allows addition of additive without removal of the securely fastened lid, and also allows resealing of the additive hole. A plug that may be used in accordance with this invention is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,660,302, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference thereto. Generally, the additive hole is placed proximal to the front of the lid and centered with respect to the side flanges of the lid, although other locations are also practiced. In one embodiment, the center point of the additive hole is about two (2) inches from the front edge of the lid. It is to be appreciated that the additive hole may be placed anywhere on the lid. It may be advantageous to place the additive hole so as to conveniently correspond to the placement of dispensing nozzles of most colorant dispersion systems. Through use of an additive hole, it is unnecessary for a store clerk to remove the lid to introduce the colorant to paint, or any additive to the composition housed in the base member, and therefore, the lid remains securely and tightly fitted on the base member until such time as the consumer removes the tear-off strip and disengages the lid. Therefore, accidental removal or dislodging of the lid during transportation by the consumer from the store to the job site is minimized. 
     Several types of paint mixers and shakers may be used in accordance with this invention. One such shaker or mixing apparatus that may be used in accordance with the present invention is the 5990 multi-size platform shaker that is manufactured and sold by Red Devil Equipment Company. Other shakers that may be used include the Harbil® 5G HD Case Mixer manufactured by Fluid Management, Inc., the MegaMix 40/20 shaker sold by Highland Laboratories Inc., and case mixers manufactured by National Paint Equipment. 
     When shaking the container within certain mixers and shakers, it is advantageous to provide sufficient agitation to promote good pigment or additive dispersion. However, sufficient agitation may be more difficult to achieve with certain shakers due to the manner in which the container is agitated within the shaker. For example, when agitating the container in the Harbil® 5G HD Case Mixer, the container is generally held in place during mixing by a pressure plate that applies downward force on the lid of the container, thereby retaining the container in a fixed position during shaking. However, unlike some containers that have a relatively flat lid and top surface upon which the pressure plate can exert even pressure and force, the shape and contour of the lid and receiving base member of certain containers may prevent exertion of even force throughout the surface area of the lid. Thus, it is desirable to provide an insert or adapter for use with the container so that the pressure plate of a mixer can exert even pressure and force on the substantially the entire surface of the lid despite the unique shape of the lid. For example, the unique shape of one embodiment of the subject container and lid provide for a downward slope at some point on the lid and base member, such as for example, a downward slope toward the front of the lid and base member. The downward slope may not allow for the pressure plate of the case mixer to come in even contact with the lid surface such that sufficient pressure and force and applied throughout the surface area of the lid, therefore allowing an area of the lid that is not subject to downward force, and which is thereby susceptible to delatching during agitation (see  FIG. 25 ). Consequently, during longer periods of agitation, it is possible that the liquid contents in the container may escape through the area where the lid is not forced downward. Furthermore, even in alternative embodiments that provide for a flat lid, it may be desirable to use an insert so that the insert, and not the lid, bears the force from the pressure plate of the shaker. As such, concerns that the appearance or integrity of the lid surface may be compromised during agitation are alleviated. 
     In order to alleviate this potential concern, it is desirable to provide for an insert  63  or adapter to be placed on the top of the lid and for the insert to be molded to fit the shape and contour of the lid on one side of the insert, while maintaining a flat surface on the opposite side of the insert, for example, the side that comes into contact with the pressure plate of the case mixer, so that it can receive even pressure and force from the pressure plate of the mixer (see  FIG. 24 ). 
     The insert is molded from any conventional thermoplastic material, such as polycarbonate, polypropylene, or polyethylene copolymers. In one useful embodiment, the insert is constructed from polyethylene. 
     In one embodiment, the insert includes two opposing faces. The first face (as shown in  FIGS. 16 and 18 ) is contoured to mirror the shape of the topside of the container lid. The opposite face of the insert is constructed so that it can accept even pressure from the pressure plate of a shaker. In one embodiment, even pressure is achieved by providing a generally flat opposite face (as shown in  FIGS. 17 ,  20 ,  21 ,  22 , and  23 ). The insert may also include two opposing side surfaces, a back surface and a front surface. The insert is at least partially nested within the lid of the container. As previously stated, the upper surface of one embodiment of the lid includes a back flange  45  and opposing side flanges  46 . The flanges provide for a containment area for another container to be stacked therein, and likewise, during shaking of the container within a mixer, the containment area can accept an insert. 
     In one embodiment, the insert can also be provided with one or more wings  64 . The wings are a lateral extension of the insert. If the lid in connection with which the insert is used is a downward sloping lid, it may be useful to employ wings that project over the downward-sloping peripheral edges of the lid so that application of the pressure plate will maintain even force and pressure on substantially the entire surface area of the lid (see  FIGS. 19   20 ,  22 , and  23 ). 
     In one embodiment, the insert is placed into the containment area that is surrounded by the flanges on the container lid. The back and side flanges on the lid act as a guide to insure that the insert is nested within the containment area and to prevent the insert from being placed incorrectly. When it is nested, the insert is at least flush with the flanges appearing on the lid. In another embodiment, the insert is slightly higher (or taller) than the tallest flange or other highest (tallest) point of the container lid, so that the pressure plate on the shaker will make contact with the insert itself and not with the container lid or flanges (see  FIGS. 20 and 21 ). In one embodiment, it may be useful in include a lip  65  on the area of the insert that corresponds to the front of the container. The lip would catch onto the front of the container or lid and thereby act as a stop in such instances as when the insert is slid onto the top of the lid, such as when there is no front flange on the lid. 
     It may also be useful to include at least one finger hole  66  in the insert so that it can easily be accessed for insertion or removal from the containment area. Moreover, if it is desired that a label or other type of marking appear on the lid surface, it may be useful to provide a cut-out  67 , or vacant space, in the insert so that the portion of the insert that overlaps with such marking will not come into contact with the label or marking and does not comprise the quality or integrity of the marking, such as may occur during periods of agitation due to the friction resulting from the insert on the lid surface (see  FIG. 23 ). Minimizing friction between the insert and label or other marking can also be achieved by creating a recess  68  in the area of the insert that would ordinarily be in contact with the marking (see  FIG. 16 ). In this way, particular portions of the insert can be designed so as not to be in direct contact with the lid surface. 
     The characteristics of the insert may be varied according to the actual dimensions of the lid. In any event, it is useful to provide an insert that comes into contact with a pressure plate of a mixer, either in addition to or in lieu of the lid making contact with the pressure plate, and can be removed after agitation of the container. 
     The container disclosed herein may be modified to include additional features. It may be desirable, for example to attach a power roller or sprayer to the container through the hole in the lid that otherwise houses an additive hole. Such modifications may also include the adaptation of a valve or other lid design that would allow for direct connection of spray equipment to the container. 
     While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant&#39;s general inventive concept.