Patent Publication Number: US-2021188240-A1

Title: Combination of a Traction Vehicle and an Implement

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This document claims priority based on German Patent Application No. 102019220445.7, filed on Dec. 20, 2019, which is hereby incorporated by reference into this application. 
     DESCRIPTION 
     This disclosure relates to a combination of a traction vehicle and a towed implement for picking up, bundling and depositing agricultural material. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In some agricultural operations material, in particular harvested crop material, is picked up from a field, bundled or pressed into bales and the collected material is deposited on the field. Often combinations of a traction vehicle, generally an agricultural tractor, and an implement for picking up and bundling the material, for example a baler, are used during these operations. When depositing the material, it may be expedient not to deposit the collected material simply in the respective direction of travel of the combination of the traction vehicle and implement, but in a different direction. An example thereof might be a roundbaler in which the bale might have to be deposited with its axis transversely to a slope in order to prevent the bale from rolling down the slope. 
     SUMMARY 
     A system for picking up, bundling and depositing agricultural material having a traction vehicle and a towed implement, the system comprising: an actuator associated with the implement; a control device configured to generate control data for controlling the orientation of the implement and steering of the traction vehicle, the control data including information relating to the orientation of the implement adjustable by the actuator, a desired orientation of the deposited material and at least one of a speed and a direction of travel of the traction vehicle; and wherein, using the control data, the actuator adjusts the orientation about a vertical axis of the implement relative to the traction vehicle to deposit the agricultural material. 
     A method for picking up, bundling and depositing agricultural material having a traction vehicle and a towed implement, the method comprising: picking up an agricultural material from a field; bundling the agricultural material within the implement; generating control data, with a control device, corresponding to orientation of the implement, desired orientation of the deposited agricultural material and at least one of a speed and a direction of travel of the traction vehicle; and adjusting, with an actuator, the orientation of implement according to the control data, such that bundled material will be deposited in a desired orientation different from a standard orientation. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above-mentioned aspects of the present disclosure and the manner of obtaining them will become more apparent and the disclosure itself will be better understood by reference to the following description of the embodiments of the disclosure, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  shows a lateral view of a traction vehicle with a towed implement, 
         FIG. 2  shows a plan view of the traction vehicle and the implement, and 
         FIG. 3  shows a diagram which shows the mode of operation of the control device of the implement. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A combination of a traction vehicle and a towed implement for picking up, bundling and depositing agricultural material is proposed, wherein the orientation of the implement relative to the traction vehicle is adjustable by an actuator, and a control device is configured to provide control data for the actuator, and for the controlling the speed and direction of travel of the traction vehicle, which are suitable for moving the implement into an orientation which is appropriate for depositing the material. 
     In one example, the disclosure provides a combination of a traction vehicle and a towed implement for producing and depositing bundled agricultural material, in which a positioning of the material in a desired position is possible in a simple and time-saving manner. 
     In other words, it is proposed to provide control data from a control device, the control device controlling not only an actuator but also a control of the speed and/or direction of travel and being able to be activated thereby in order to move the implement about the vertical axis into an orientation which is appropriate for depositing the material, whether by the hand and/or foot of the operator or by an automated system. In this manner, the positioning of the implement in the appropriate orientation is simplified for the operator and the depositing process is accelerated. 
     The control device may be configured to transmit the control data for the actuator automatically to the actuator and/or to transmit the control data to a user interface for providing instructions to an operator for manual activation of the actuator. The control device may be configured to transmit the control data for the steering and/or for controlling the speed and/or direction of travel of the traction vehicle to a steering actuator of the traction vehicle and/or a device for controlling the speed and/or direction of travel of the traction vehicle and/or to transmit the control data to a user interface for providing instructions to an operator for the manual activation of steering which may be actuated by the operator and/or a device for controlling the speed and/or direction of travel of the traction vehicle which may be actuated by the operator. 
     During an end phase of a procedure in which the material is picked up and bundled, the control device may be configured to provide control data for the actuator, resulting in the implement being laterally offset relative to the traction vehicle and namely offset to the right when the implement has to be rotated counterclockwise into the appropriate orientation relative to the current orientation of the implement, and offset to the left when the implement has to be rotated clockwise into the appropriate orientation relative to the current orientation of the implement. The control device may be configured to activate the lateral offset as a function of a working width of a crop pick-up system of the implement and the width determined by sensor of a swath of material to be picked up. 
     After the end of the procedure in which the material is picked up and bundled, the control device may be configured to provide control data for controlling the speed of the traction vehicle, which bring the traction vehicle to a standstill. After the end of the procedure in which the material is picked up and bundled, the control device may be configured to provide control data for the actuator, which result in the implement rotating relative to the traction vehicle about the vertical axis in the direction of the appropriate orientation. The control device may issue a command for lifting up a crop pick-up system of the implement before providing the control data for the actuator. 
     After the rotation of the implement about the vertical axis, which is effected by actuating the actuator, the control device may be configured to provide control data for the steering and for controlling the speed and direction of travel of the traction vehicle, which result in the traction vehicle traveling in a reverse direction relative to the direction of travel when picking up the material, and namely in a direction of travel oriented to the left relative to the direction of travel relevant for the pick-up of the material, when the implement has to be rotated counterclockwise into the appropriate orientation relative to the current orientation of the implement, and in a direction of travel oriented to the right relative to the direction of travel relevant for the pick-up of the material, when the implement has to be rotated clockwise into the appropriate orientation relative to the current orientation of the implement. 
     During reverse travel, the control device may be configured to provide control data for steering the traction vehicle, which result in the rotation of the traction vehicle running in the direction opposing the previous rotational direction of the traction vehicle, as soon as the angle between the traction vehicle and implement has reached a maximum angle. This angle may be directly detected by sensor, in particular using a feedback sensor for detecting the angle between the drawbar, on the one hand, and the implement and/or the traction vehicle, on the other hand, or indirectly determined using a distance passed through or a time. 
     The control device may be configured to provide control data which result in an actuation of the actuator and/or a steering procedure and/or reverse travel of the traction vehicle being terminated when the implement has reached the appropriate orientation. 
     The implement may be a round baler and the control device may be configured to determine the order of the described sequence such that a round bale deposited by the implement is oriented with its axis of symmetry parallel to a slope inclination of the cultivated field. 
     The actuator may be configured to adjust the angle of a drawbar between the traction vehicle and the implement, relative to the implement and/or relative to the traction vehicle. 
     When depositing the material, it may be expedient not to deposit the collected material simply in the standard direction, i.e., the direction respective direction of travel of the combination of the traction vehicle and implement, but in a different non-standard direction. An example thereof might be a round baler in which the bale might have to be deposited with its axis transversely to a slope in order to prevent the bale from rolling down the slope. It may also be expedient to orientate bales for storage in the east-west direction rather than in the north-south direction (R. Huhnke, Round Bale Orientation Effects on Alfalfa, Applied Engineering in Agriculture 1993, pp. 349-351) or to deposit bales in a specific orientation of the axis of the bale in order to avoid, if required, that the bale rolls away (European Patent Application No. EP 2 149 293 A1). It could also be expedient to deposit the bales in a specific orientation in order to remove the bales after a specific collecting or loading process, for which purpose rectangular bales, for example, could be deposited transversely to the direction of travel during the production of the bales. 
     In some approaches (e.g., German Patent Application Nos. DE 10 2006 011 135 A1 and DE 10 2009 047 585 A1) it is proposed for a combination of an agricultural tractor and a round baler to detect with a sensor the inclination of the terrain recently traveled over and, with a display device which instructs the operator or an automated system, to position the baler or the depositing device thereof using an articulated drawbar such that the roll axis of the bale follows the slope inclination or the bale is deposited with its front surface on the ground. In this case, therefore, it is only the baler which is moved rather than the agricultural tractor. A positioning of a baler using only a steering drawbar or articulated drawbar, however, is not feasible in practice in any case when greater angles are required between the agricultural tractor and the baler, and a depositing device which is adjustable relative to the baler is technically complex. 
       FIG. 1  shows a lateral view of an agricultural traction vehicle  10  in the form of a tractor and an implement  12  which is coupled to a drawbar  14  to a trailer hitch  28  of the traction vehicle  10  and which is in the form of a roundbaler of variable pressing chamber size, which serves for picking up and bundling agricultural material (harvested crops in the form of grass or hay, or the like, which lies in a swath  40  on the field). The traction vehicle  10  is constructed on a load-bearing frame  18  which is supported on steerable front wheels  20  and drivable rear wheels  22  and bears a cab  24  in which an operator workstation  26  is located. 
     The implement  12  comprises a chassis  32  which is supported via steerable wheels  34  on the ground, a processing element  36  in the form of a crop pick-up system  38  for picking up harvested crops located in the swath  40  on the ground and a conveyor  42  which conveys the harvested crops picked up by the crop pick-up system  38  into a container  46  in the form of a bale pressing chamber  44 , in which the harvested crops are bundled (i.e. pressed). The bale pressing chamber  44  is delimited in a manner known per se by pressing apparatus (not shown) in the form of belts. A finished bale may be ejected through an upwardly pivotable rear door  48  (which could also be complemented or replaced by a mechanism for moving the pressing apparatus in the rear region of the bale pressing chamber into an ejection position) and deposited on the field. The mechanical drive of the driven elements of the implement  12  is carried out via a power take-off shaft  30  from the traction vehicle  10  or using electric motors which are supplied with electrical energy from the traction vehicle  10 . 
     A total of three sensors  50  are distributed over the width of the container  46 , said sensors serving for detecting the diameter of the bale and/or for detecting the tension of the pressing apparatus, and which also contain information about the distribution of the harvested crops over the width of the container  46 . The sensors  50  are connected to a control device  52  which is located on-board the implement  12  but also could be located on-board the traction vehicle  10 . The control device  52  is connected via a valve arrangement  56  (which could also be located on-board the traction vehicle  10 ) to a first actuator  54  in the form of a hydraulic cylinder which is articulated at one end on the drawbar  14  and at the other end on the chassis  32  of the implement  12 . The control device  52  is also connected via the valve arrangement  56  to an (optional) second actuator  58  in the form of a hydraulic cylinder, which is coupled to a rod  60  for pivoting the wheels  34  of the implement  12  about the vertical axis. The control device  52  is informed by feedback sensors  70 ,  72  about the current angles of the drawbar  14  and the wheels  34 . The feedback sensor  70  for detecting the angle of the drawbar  14  could also be attached between the drawbar  14  and the traction vehicle  10  on the trailer hitch  28  or in the vicinity thereof or replaced or complemented by a camera. 
     A detection device  62  in the form of a camera is attached to the front face of the traction vehicle  10 , said detection device optically detecting the swath  40  and being connected to an image processing system which outputs a steering signal to a steering controller  64  of the traction vehicle  10 , which in turn adjusts the steerable front wheels  20  of the traction vehicle  10  via a suitable actuator (not shown) in such a manner that the longitudinal central axis of the traction vehicle  10  is guided at least approximately on a reference line  66  which corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the swath  40 . In a further embodiment, data regarding the position of the swath is stored in the steering controller  64  and a position determining device  68  (for example in the form of a GPS antenna) transmits to the steering controller  64  current position information which together with the stored data regarding the position of the swath from the steering controller  64  serve for activating the actuator for the steerable front wheels  20 . Both variants mentioned in this paragraph may also be combined (see European Patent Application No. EP 1 266 553 A2). The steering controller  64  continuously transmits to the control device  52  data regarding the lateral position of the reference line  66  relative to the longitudinal central axis of the traction vehicle  10  and the associated point in time of the detection and/or the associated position in the forward direction and to this end is connected to the control device  52  via a bus. A device for controlling the speed and direction of travel  74  controls the travel speed and direction of travel of the vehicle, i.e. the absolute value of the travel speed of the traction vehicle  10  and whether it travels forwards or backwards. The speed of the traction vehicle  10  and thus of the implement  12 , selected from the device for controlling the speed and/or direction of travel  74  when producing the bale, may depend in a manner known per se on the dimensions and the density of the swath  40 , which may be detected by the detection device  62  and optionally additional sensors, or may be stored in advance in the previous working process together with the coordinates of the swath  40 . 
     The mode of operation of the control device  52  when picking up the swath  40  is implemented in a manner known per se, such that when picking up the swath  40  the traction vehicle  10  is guided along the reference line  66 . The implement  12 , controlled by the control device  52  on the basis of the signals of the sensors  50  and optionally the detection device  62 , is successively moved to the left and right relative to the traction vehicle  10  by the first actuator  54  and the optional second actuator  58 , in order to fill the bale pressing chamber  44  equally over the width thereof since the width of the swath  40  is generally smaller than that of the bale pressing chamber  44 . In this case, it is possible to proceed like European Patent Appl. No. EP 1 926 364 A1 or German Patent Application No. DE 10 2009 047 585 A1.  FIG. 3  shows in phase  1  the conventional pick-up of the swath  44 . 
     As soon as the bale is finished it is ejected out of the bale pressing chamber  44  by the door  48  being opened. In practice, the field from which the swath  40  is picked up and on which the finished bale is deposited may not be horizontal in all cases but may be inclined. In  FIG. 3  it is assumed that the field is inclined to the left, thus the traction vehicle  10  travels exactly uphill. If the bale were to be ejected with the implement  12  being located with its longitudinal central axis in the direction of the slope inclination (as is the case in phase  1  of  FIG. 3 ) it would ultimately roll down the slope, which is not desired for many reasons, amongst other things due to the danger ensuing therefrom. 
     In the situation shown in  FIG. 3  the implement  12  might have to be rotated by 90° about the vertical axis from the orientation shown in phase  1 . In some examples, providing a manual control by the driver, requires the driver to push back the implement  12  by manual steering operations and speed presettings in order to achieve a suitable orientation of the implement  12  relative to the slope inclination, whilst previous automated suggestions (German Patent Application Nos. DE 10 2006 011 135 A1 and DE 10 2009 047 585 A1) have referred only to an automatic adjustment of the implement  12  relative to the traction vehicle  10  by the adjustable drawbar  14  which—without any movement of the traction vehicle  10 —for obvious reasons is not sufficient to position the implement  12 . The steerable drawbar  14  between the implement  12  and the traction vehicle makes it possible—in combination with a suitable movement control of the traction vehicle  10 —to simplify, to shorten and to automate the process of positioning the implement  12 . The steerable drawbar  14  also has further advantages such as, for example, improved tracking on corners and the so-called “weaving” for optimized filling of the bale pressing chamber  44  without the operator of the traction vehicle  10  being continuously subjected to lateral movements. 
     An automated ejection process is shown in  FIG. 3  and in the following description, in which the implement  12  is positioned parallel to the slope before the ejection of the bale. The ejection process is intended to be fully automated when traveling on the slope so that the driver of the traction vehicle  10  no longer has to manually intervene for this purpose, although it could also be conceivable to provide the driver at his operator work station  26  with visual or acoustic instructions so that the driver is able to operate the actuator  54  and the input terminal of the device for controlling the speed and direction of travel  74  in a manner similar to the described automatic sequence. 
     Using a suitable sensor system (for example an inertial measuring unit (IMU) which in a manner known per se may be integrated into the housing of the position determining device  68 , and/or digitally available topographical information which has been generated previously or during operation by the position determining device  68 —connected via the bus to the control device  52 —or a suitable sensor system of the implement  12 ) the slope inclination is determined and/or detected (both the pitch angle in the forward direction and the roll angle in the transverse direction relative to the direction of travel of the combination of traction vehicle  10  and implement  12 ). Using the slope inclination, an automated sequence is performed in order to move the implement  12 , before ejecting the bale, into a suitable position in which the bale may be ejected without the problem of rolling away. In order to design this sequence as effectively as possible, the solution with the shortest travel distance is preferred since a longer travel distance requires more time and thus unnecessarily lengthens the entire procedure.  FIG. 3  illustrates the sequence described hereinafter. 
     During the production of the bale, the combination of the traction vehicle  10  and the implement  12  travels along the reference line  66  and/or the swath  40 . On the basis of the signals of the sensors  50  of the implement  12  it is identified when the implement  12  is in the end phase of the production of the bale, i.e. the bale will have reached the desired diameter within a time span of a few seconds. With a corresponding step, i.e. during this end phase, the drawbar  14  is deflected by actuating the actuator  54  such that (phase  2  in  FIG. 3 ) when reaching the desired diameter the implement  12  has reached a quasi-static position which is offset adjacent to the tractor path (phase  3  of  FIG. 3 ). 
     The direction in which the implement  12  has to be rotated about the vertical axis in order to move it into the (reference) orientation about the vertical axis determined by the control device  52  is dependent on the pitch angle and roll angle of the cultivated terrain: when traveling uphill the implement  12  has to be offset uphill corresponding to the measured roll angle, so that ultimately with its longitudinal central plane it is oriented transversely to the slope (phase  8  in  FIG. 3 ). When traveling downhill the implement  12  must be offset downhill according to the measured roll angle. The lateral offset of the implement  12  in phase  3  of  FIG. 3  is selected such that the implement  12  travels and stands to the right adjacent to the traction vehicle  10 , which simplifies the subsequent rotation about the vertical axis counterclockwise, as results from the subsequent phases of  FIG. 3 . If the implement is to be rotated clockwise about the vertical axis, the implement  12  in phase  3  would be positioned to the left of the traction vehicle. The direction in which the baler is deflected in phases  2  and  3  may also be influenced under conditions, however, by the available space to avoid depositing the bale too close to obstacles, field boundaries or adjacent swaths. The lateral offset between the traction vehicle  10  and the implement  12  is selected such that no harvested crops remain lying on the field, i.e. the swath  40  remains within the working width of the pick-up system  38 . To this end, a camera system (for example the detection device  62 ) may be used in order to determine the width of the swath  44  and to transmit this to the control device  52 , which provides the signals for the actuator  54  dimensioned in the described manner. 
     After the vehicle combination in phase  3  has come to a standstill, when the traction vehicle  10  is stationary, the drawbar  14  is deflected in the opposing direction by the control device  52  by a command from the actuator  54  (phase  4 ) so that the implement  12  already performs a certain rotation in the desired direction. Since the crop pick-up system  38  in this case performs a lateral movement, it may be initially lifted by a suitable actuator (see German Patent Appl. No. DE 10 2016 002 123 A1). Depending on the dimensions and degree of freedom of the drawbar  14 , a corresponding alteration to the orientation of the implement  12  relative to the slope and thus the pitch angle is already achieved by this movement. This rotation is potentially already enough in order to be able to eject the bale safely. 
     If this is not the case, by corresponding activation of the device for controlling the speed and direction of travel  74  of the traction vehicle  10  by the control device  52 , the steering of the traction vehicle  10 , in particular, may be turned to a maximum extent (to the left, as shown in phases  5  and  6  when the implement  12  has to be rotated counterclockwise, and to the right when the implement  12  has to be rotated clockwise) and a reverse travel of the traction vehicle  10  and thus of the implement  12  may be initiated in order to bring the traction vehicle onto the circular path shown at that point in phases  5  and  6 . The steering of the traction vehicle  10  is reversed by the control device  52  when, as shown in phase  7 , a maximum angle of 90° is reached between the longitudinal axis of the traction vehicle  10  and the longitudinal axis of the implement  12 , wherein the maximum angle may also be greater or less than 90° and, amongst other things, depends on the geometry of the drawbar  14  and the traction vehicle  10  and may be selected such that it is avoided that the drawbar  14  strikes the traction vehicle  10  and/or that the combination of the traction vehicle  10  and the implement  12  jack-knifes by angles which are too great. Finally, in phase  8  the orientation of the implement  12  is exactly at right angles to the original direction of travel and transversely to the slope inclination. This position is expedient when the original direction of travel runs exactly uphill and/or downhill, otherwise the sequence may have been already previously interrupted when the (reference) orientation of the implement  12  about the vertical axis which is appropriate for depositing the bale was reached, which may be determined using the measured pitch angle of the implement  12 . The described sequence is accordingly terminated as soon as the pitch angle of the implement  12  is less than a fixed threshold value which permits the safe ejection of the bale. It might also be mentioned that in the case of a slope inclination running exactly parallel to the direction of travel of the combination during the pick-up of the swath  40 , as is shown in  FIG. 3 , a clockwise rotation of the implement  12  might also be possible. 
     The bale is finally ejected from the implement  12  and the steps  8  to  5  of the sequence shown in  FIG. 3  are performed in each case in the reverse direction (by corresponding control of the actuator  54  for the drawbar  14  and the device for controlling the speed and direction of travel  74 ) in order to align the combination of the traction vehicle  10  and implement  12  on the swath  44  and to move said combination further along the swath  40  and to bundle the harvested crops. 
     The above-described sequence which is passed through is based on the controller  52  activating the actuator system (actuator  54  of the drawbar, if required assisted by the optional actuator  58  for the steering of the wheels  34  of the implement  12  and the device for controlling the speed and direction of travel  74  of the traction vehicle  10 ) based on signals from sensors, namely the sensors  50  for detecting the bale size for initiating phases  1  to  3 , the feedback sensor  70  for detecting the position of the drawbar  14  for controlling the offset in phases  2  and  3 , and for changing from phase  6  to phase  7 , as well as the sensor system for detecting the pitch angle of the implement  12  for terminating the sequence and for ejecting the bale. The different values may be directly detected by the sensors or the values are indirectly detected, for example by measuring covered distances or speeds and associated times and the steering angles. 
     Instead of this sequence controlled by direct or indirectly detected measured values, for example, also conceivable is a controlled sequence based on signals of the position determining device  68 —optionally in cooperation with other sensors which are attached to the implement  12 , the traction vehicle  10  and/or the drawbar  14 , in order to detect in particular the roll angle and/or pitch angle—using a path planned by the control device  52  and automatically passed through and which is selected using the known and/or sensor-determined three-dimensional topography of the field, such that ultimately the bale is deposited with a suitable orientation. 
     In the mode of operation described herein, a control of the functions of the traction vehicle  10  is used by the control device  52  of the implement  12 , a use of the ISO standard 17783 and in particular the so-called TIM (Tractor Implement Management) standard being provided therefor, in order to automate the steering, the lifting of the pick-up system  38  via the hydraulic system of the traction vehicle  10 , the steering of the drawbar via the actuator  54 , which may be controlled by a control valve on-board the traction vehicle  10  via the hydraulic system of the traction vehicle  10 , said control valve being provided on-board the traction vehicle  10  and being controlled by the control device  52  via the bus, and the control of the speed of the combination. However, other permutations for the fully automated or partially automated sequence are conceivable, for example by a control unit of the traction vehicle  10 , or the above-described instructions to the driver. In addition to the avoidance of the bale rolling down, it is also achieved that the tractor driver from his position in the cab has a better view of the ejection process, which may be advantageous even in flat terrain. 
     The implement  12  is designed in this case as a roundbaler but could also collect and bundle any other harvested crops which are different from hay or grass. Moreover, the desired orientation of the deposited bundled material does not necessarily (only) have to be adapted to the slope inclination but could be selected, for example, in flat terrain such that the bundled material is damaged as little as possible by the effects of weather or may be collected in more easily. Should the traction vehicle  10 , instead of having steerable wheels  20 , be designed as a vehicle with articulated steering or be provided with crawler drives, which for the steering are drivable at a different speed, the activation of the associated actuators is carried out in a manner similar to the above description. 
     Those having skill in the art will recognize that the state of the art has progressed to the point where there is little distinction left between hardware and software implementations of aspects of systems; the use of hardware or software is generally (but not always, in that in certain contexts the choice between hardware and software can become significant) a design choice representing cost vs. efficiency trade-offs. Those having skill in the art will appreciate that there are various vehicles by which processes and/or systems and/or other technologies described herein can be effected (e.g., hardware, software, and/or firmware), and that the preferred vehicle will vary with the context in which the processes and/or systems and/or other technologies are deployed. For example, if an implementer determines that speed and accuracy are paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly hardware and/or firmware vehicle; alternatively, if flexibility is paramount, the implementer may opt for a mainly software implementation; or, yet again alternatively, the implementer may opt for some combination of hardware, software, and/or firmware. Hence, there are several possible vehicles by which the systems, methods, processes, apparatuses and/or devices and/or other technologies described herein may be effected, none of which is inherently superior to the other in that any vehicle to be utilized is a choice dependent upon the context in which the vehicle will be deployed and the specific concerns (e.g., speed, flexibility, or predictability) of the implementer, any of which may vary. 
     The foregoing detailed description has set forth various embodiments of the systems, apparatuses, devices, methods and/or processes via the use of block diagrams, schematics, flowcharts, examples and/or functional language. Insofar as such block diagrams, schematics, flowcharts, examples and/or functional language contain one or more functions and/or operations, it will be understood by those within the art that each function and/or operation within such block diagrams, schematics, flowcharts, examples or functional language can be implemented, individually and/or collectively, by a wide range of hardware, software, firmware, or virtually any combination thereof. In one example, several portions of the subject matter described herein may be implemented via Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), digital signal processors (DSPs), or other integrated formats. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that some aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein, in whole or in part, can be equivalently implemented in integrated circuits, as one or more computer programs running on one or more computers (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems), as one or more programs running on one or more processors (e.g., as one or more programs running on one or more microprocessors), as firmware, or as virtually any combination thereof, and that designing the circuitry and/or writing the code for the software and or firmware would be well within the skill of one of skill in the art in light of this disclosure. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mechanisms of the subject matter described herein are capable of being distributed as a program product in a variety of forms, and that an illustrative embodiment of the subject matter described herein applies regardless of the signal bearing medium used to carry out the distribution. Examples of a signal bearing medium include, but are not limited to, the following: a computer readable memory medium such as a magnetic medium like a floppy disk, a hard disk drive, and magnetic tape; an optical medium like a Compact Disc (CD), a Digital Video Disk (DVD), and a Blu-ray Disc; computer memory like random access memory (RAM), flash memory, and read only memory (ROM); and a transmission type medium such as a digital and/or an analog communication medium like a fiber optic cable, a waveguide, a wired communications link, and a wireless communication link. 
     The herein described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components associated with, comprised of, contained within or connected with different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely exemplary, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively “associated” such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two or more components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as “associated with” each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermediate components. Likewise, any two or more components so associated can also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or “operably coupled”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two or more components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being “operably couplable”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include, but are not limited to, physically mateable and/or physically interacting components, and/or wirelessly interactable and/or wirelessly interacting components, and/or logically interacting and/or logically interactable components. 
     Unless specifically stated otherwise or as apparent from the description herein, it is appreciated that throughout the present disclosure, discussions utilizing terms such as “accessing,” “aggregating,” “analyzing,” “applying,” “brokering,” “calibrating,” “checking,” “combining,” “communicating,” “comparing,” “conveying,” “converting,” “correlating,” “creating,” “defining,” “deriving,” “detecting,” “disabling,” “determining,” “enabling,” “estimating,” “filtering,” “finding,” “generating,” “identifying,” “incorporating,” “initiating,” “locating,” “modifying,” “obtaining,” “outputting,” “predicting,” “receiving,” “reporting,” “retrieving,” “sending,” “sensing,” “storing,” “transforming,” “updating,” “using,” “validating,” or the like, or other conjugation forms of these terms and like terms, refer to the actions and processes of a control unit, computer system or computing element (or portion thereof) such as, but not limited to, one or more or some combination of: a visual organizer system, a request generator, an Internet coupled computing device, a computer server, etc. In one example, the control unit, computer system and/or the computing element may manipulate and transform information and/or data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the control unit, computer system&#39;s and/or computing element&#39;s processor(s), register(s), and/or memory(ies) into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the control unit, computer system&#39;s and/or computing element&#39;s memory(ies), register(s) and/or other such information storage, processing, transmission, and/or display components of the computer system(s), computing element(s) and/or other electronic computing device(s). Under the direction of computer-readable instructions, the control unit, computer system(s) and/or computing element(s) may carry out operations of one or more of the processes, methods and/or functionalities of the present disclosure. 
     Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is common within the art to implement apparatuses and/or devices and/or processes and/or systems in the fashion(s) set forth herein, and thereafter use engineering and/or business practices to integrate such implemented apparatuses and/or devices and/or processes and/or systems into more comprehensive apparatuses and/or devices and/or processes and/or systems. That is, at least a portion of the apparatuses and/or devices and/or processes and/or systems described herein can be integrated into comprehensive apparatuses and/or devices and/or processes and/or systems via a reasonable amount of experimentation. 
     Although the present disclosure has been described in terms of specific embodiments and applications, persons skilled in the art can, considering this teaching, generate additional embodiments without exceeding the scope or departing from the spirit of the present disclosure described herein. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the drawings and description in this disclosure are proffered to facilitate comprehension of the present disclosure and should not be construed to limit the scope thereof. 
     As used herein, unless otherwise limited or modified, lists with elements that are separated by conjunctive terms (e.g., “and”) and that are also preceded by the phrase “one or more of” or “at least one of” indicate configurations or arrangements that potentially include individual elements of the list, or any combination thereof. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” or “one or more of A, B, and C” indicates the possibilities of only A, only B, only C, or any combination of two or more of A, B, and C (e.g., A and B; B and C; A and C; or A, B, and C).