Patent Publication Number: US-2012045525-A1

Title: Mosquito repellent solution, preparation method and use thereof

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present patent relates to Household chemical field and more particularly to the preparation method and the use of a mosquito repellent solution as a smell interference agent to female mosquito. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Mosquito would make people feel itchy and transmit diseases by biting humans for blood. Generally, only female mosquito bites people, not the male. It is showed that mosquitoes find their target by certain smell in long distance; this smell is human&#39;s sweat. The analysis and research about sweat show that mosquitoes find the position of their target by organic acids in sweat, for their olfactory organs have organic acid receptor protein; those organic acids contain lactic acid which can stimulate mosquitoes feeling exciting. While short chain organic acid with high concentration, such as ethyl butyrate, propionic acid and butyric acid, would restrain mosquitoes&#39; excitement, which would make the mosquitoes feel not like to find the target to bite; short chain organic acid with low concentration works on the contrary way, the mosquitoes would be very exciting. If some certain environment is full of these low concentration organic acid, mosquitoes would be over exciting and have wrong feeling that there were full of people in the room, thus covered human&#39;s lactic acid in sweat and disturbed mosquitoes&#39; Olfactory functions to find the right target. 
     Early research showed that mosquitoes found target by Carbon dioxide breathed out of target. But the following research proved it is misunderstand; mosquitoes cannot find target by carbon dioxide. The present study show that female mosquitoes find their target by other smell (the smell of half-digested food in stomach instead of carbon dioxide). besides, mosquitoes can also find target by temperature and humanity of human bodies. 
     The active principles in Traditional mosquito-repellent incense are pesticide, particularly Carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides which belong to cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and sodium channel regulator and take effect in animals&#39; nerve system as neurotoxin. But the method taking effect by killing mosquitoes was also very harmful to human beings with its long-term use. As one part of Ecological chain, excessive killing mosquitoes may have negative effect on nature. And mosquitoes may have resistance to widely used Cyhalothrin pesticide because of their strong reproduction ability. So the best way to prevent mosquitoes bite while considering the ecology is to disturb their olfactory functions instead of killing them. 
     So far, there are also some products containing the information of human sweat in the market, such as N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET), it volatilizes easily, and works by block mosquitoes&#39; 1-octene-3-alcoho as olfactory receptor; but the pests just loss their feeling to human or animal&#39;s certain smell, their olfactory ability to human breath is as usual. And recent study showed that DEET as a repellent works through making pests feeling wrong, thus to decrease the chances being bitted, and the effect is poor. The pesticide itself also has toxin and may do harm to human. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Addressing the foregoing problems affecting the existing technology, the goal of the present invention is to find a Technical method to get a mosquito repellent solution preventing mosquito bite, its preparation method and the use. 
     The pesticide solution should be with good efficacy and provide a simple and low-costing preparation method thereof and no harm to human, also no contamination while in producing period. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution comprising: 0.1-9.9% organic acid of total weight as active ingredient, 88-99.6% water of total weight as solvent, the organic acid comprises at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, propanoic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, n-Heptanoic acid, L-Lactic acid and malic acid. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution, wherein the organic acid is 1.0-8.0% by weight of the mosquito repellent solution, it is better that the organic acid is 2.0-6.0% by weight of the mosquito repellent solution. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution, the water as solvent is distilled water, the distilled water has 90-98% by weight of the mosquito repellent solution, it is better that the distilled water has 93-96% by weight of the mosquito repellent solution. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution, the organic acid is in a food level. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution, wherein 0.1-0.5% sodium chloride or citric acid of total weight is used as antiseptic. 
     The claimed mosquito repellent solution, wherein 0.1-0.5% water-soluble fruit flavor spices of total weight is added as sauce. 
     The claimed a preparation method for the mosquito repellent solution comprising following steps:
         place a right proportion of distilled water and organic acid in a heating mixer, heat the mixture of distilled water and organic acid to 15-35° C. while constantly stirring the mixture to promote dissolve, then yield the final product of the mosquito repellent solution.       

     The claimed preparation method, wherein antiseptics and sauce are added in order during constantly stirring to promote dissolve. 
     The claimed preparation method, wherein the mixture is heated to 20-30° C., better to 20-25° C. 
     The claimed a use of the mosquito repellent solution comprising preventing mosquito bite, relieving itching, detumescence and air sterilization. 
     Portions and percents in this patent application are all unit of weight unless there is other explanation. And related equipment and raw material are easily purchased from the market, or frequently-used for this industry. 
    
    
     DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The examples summarized below provide a concrete explanation of the contents of this invention. 
     Preparation Example 1 
     Add 90 kg distilled water to a reaction vessel; slowly add 9.9 kg acetic acid (with purity over 99%.) of food level. Heat to 20° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.1 kg citric acid, stir thoroughly, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 2 
     Add 99.6 kg distilled water to a reaction vessel; slowly add 0.1 kg propanoic acid with a purity of 99.8% of food level. Heat to 15° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.2 kg Sodium chloride, stir thoroughly, add 0.1 kg water-soluble apple flavor spices, stir to promote dissolving fully, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 3 
     Add 98.5 kg distilled water to a 100 L reaction vessel; slowly add 0.5 kg acetic acid and 0.5 kg malic acid both of food level. Heat to 25° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.3 kg Sodium chloride, stir thoroughly, add 0.2 kg water-soluble lemon flavor spices, stir to promote dissolving fully, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 4 
     Add 91.3 kg distilled water to a 100 L reaction vessel; slowly add 6.0 kg propionic acid, 0.5 kg acetic acid, 0.5 kg n-Butyric acid; 0.5 kg isobutyric acid, 0.5 kg valeric acid, heat to 25° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.4 kg Sodium chloride, stir thoroughly, add 0.3 kg water-soluble lemon flavor spices, stir to promote dissolving fully, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 5 
     Add 97.1 kg distilled water to a 100 L reaction vessel; slowly add 0.9 kg z n-Butyric acid; 0.9 kg isobutyric acid, 0.1 kg hexanoic acid, 0.1 kg heptylic acid, heat to 30° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.5 kg Sodium chloride, stir thoroughly, add 0.4 kg water-soluble orange flavor spices, stir to promote dissolving fully, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 6 
     Add 93 kg distilled water to a 100 L reaction vessel, slowly add 2 kg valeric acid, 2 kg Hexanoic acid, 2 kg heptylic acid, heat to 35° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully, add 0.5 kg Citric acid, stir thoroughly, add 0.5 kg water-soluble watermelon flavor spices, stir to promote dissolving fully, yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     Preparation Example 7 
     Add 95 kg distilled water to a 100 L reaction vessel, slowly add 3 kg acetic acid, 0.2 kg propionic acid. 0.2 kg n-Butyric acid. 0.2 kg isobutyric acid, 0.2 kg valeric acid, 0.2 kg hexanoic acid. 0.2 kg n-heptylic acid, 0.2 kg L-lactic acid, 0.6 kg malic acid, heat to 25° C. while constantly stirring to promote dissolving fully yielding the final product—a mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite. 
     The mosquito repellent solution to prevent mosquito bite is safe to human beings. In order to improve its safety to human, Synthetic chemicals such as spice should be used as less as possible. Considering this composition solution is liquid, and used by volatilizing into gas, antiseptic Sodium chloride should be less used or even no use to decrease solid residual and reduce the block of water channels by solid while in volatilization process. 
     The below Composition test results for preparation examples would show its efficacy 
     Test 1: test method base on GB13917.8—1992, testing the mosquitos&#39; density in the field by human body calling. Arrange 2 investigators in every test room (investigators, place and time should be fixed), every tester roll up the trouser legs to knee to reveal the skin, lighting constantly with a flashlight, catch mosquitoes fall on the naked legs with motor-driven mosquito dispeller for 45 minutes, then identify the mosquitoes&#39; quantity, gender and type. Mosquito density decent rate (%)=1-mosquito density of test room/mosquito density of blank control room. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 mosquito density and the decrease rate after using Preparation Example 1-7 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                   
                 The 
               
               
                   
                   
                 decrease 
               
               
                   
                   
                 rate of 
               
               
                   
                 Quantity of caught mosquitoes 
                 density 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 preparation example 
                 room1 
                 room2 
                 room3 
                 room4 
                 average 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 preparation example 1 
                 2 
                 2 
                 3 
                 3 
                  2.5 (1.58-3.42) 
                 93.33 
               
               
                 preparation example 2 
                 5 
                 5 
                 6 
                 5 
                 5.25 (4.45-6.05) 
                 86.00 
               
               
                 preparation example 3 
                 4 
                 6 
                 5 
                 7 
                  5.5 (3.45-7.55) 
                 85.33 
               
               
                 preparation example 4 
                 5 
                 6 
                 7 
                 5 
                 5.75 (4.23-7.28) 
                 84.67 
               
               
                 preparation example 5 
                 4 
                 5 
                 5 
                 6 
                   5 (3.70-6.30) 
                 86.67 
               
               
                 preparation example 6 
                 6 
                 6 
                 7 
                 8 
                 6.75 (5.23-8.27) 
                 82.00 
               
               
                 preparation example 7 
                 2 
                 3 
                 5 
                 4 
                  3.5 (1.45-5.55) 
                 90.67 
               
               
                 Liquid 
                 7 
                 6 
                 7 
                 7 
                 6.75 (5.95-7.55) 
                 82.00 
               
               
                 mosquitoes-repellent 
               
               
                 incense 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 28 
                 34 
                 43 
                 45 
                 37.5 (24.87-50.13) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 1 showed that mosquito density decreased significantly after using the mosquito repellent solution Preparation Example 1-7, the decrease rates of mosquito density all are over 80%. the rates in Preparation Example 1 and Preparation Example 7 are over 90%. Preparation example 2-6 reaches the effect of traditional mosquito-repellent incense, while preparation example 1 and preparation example 7 are better than traditional ones. 
     Test 2: test method base on GB13917.8—92, testing the mosquitos&#39; density in laboratory room with outside strain mosquitoes. According to GB13917.4-92, Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, collected in the field, are used to test the products made from preparation example 1-7 after breeding and eclosion in the lab for 2 or 3 days; human body tempts the mosquitoes then observe the prevention efficacy. Mosquito density decrease rate (%)=1-mosquito density of test room/mosquito density of blank control room. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 the efficacy of preventing mosquito bite after using preparation 
               
               
                 example 1-7 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 type of 
                 Times being bitten (time/2 h) 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 mosquitoes- 
                   
                   
                   
                 Average (95% 
                 Prevention 
               
               
                 repellent 
                   
                   
                   
                 confidence 
                 efficacy 
               
               
                 incense 
                 repeat 1 
                 repeat 2 
                 repeat 3 
                 intervals) 
                 (%) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Preparation 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                   0 (0-0) 
                 100 
               
               
                 example 1 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 1 
                 2 
                 2 
                 1.67 (0.23-3.10) 
                 88.89 
               
               
                 example 2 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 1 
                 1 
                 3 
                 1.67 (−1.20-4.53) 
                 88.89 
               
               
                 example 3 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 2 
                 2 
                 3 
                 2.33 (0.89-3.76) 
                 84.44 
               
               
                 example 4 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 2 
                 3 
                 4 
                   3 (0.51-5.48) 
                 80.00 
               
               
                 example 5 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 1 
                 2 
                 3 
                   2 (−0.48-4.48) 
                 86.67 
               
               
                 example 6 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 0 
                 2 
                 0 
                 0.67 (−2.20-3.53) 
                 95.56 
               
               
                 example 7 
               
               
                 Liquid 
                 3 
                 3 
                 5 
                 3.67 (0.80-6.54) 
                 75.53 
               
               
                 mosquitoes- 
               
               
                 repellent 
               
               
                 incense 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 13 
                 14 
                 18 
                   15 (8.42-21.57) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 2 showed that times of bitten by mosquitoes decreased significantly after using the mosquito repellent solution Preparation Example 1-7, protection efficacies of all compositions are over 80%. the protection efficacies in Preparation Example 1 and Preparation Example 7 are over 90%, they have much higher efficacy than traditional mosquito-repellent incense, especially the protection efficacy of preparation example 1 reaches 100%. Preparation example 2-6 reach the effect of traditional mosquito-repellent incense are just better than traditional ones. 
     Test 3: 20 testers are involved, everyone is bitten with 5 times, so total 100 person-times; testers should use mist spray made from the mosquito repellent solution of preparation example 1-7 immediately within 5 cm diameter after bitten by mosquitoes, then begin timekeeping, record the efficacy of relieving itching in 1 minute, 3 minute, efficacy of detumescence in 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 30 minutes. computing method: percentage of relieving itching=person-time of relieving itching total person-time×100; percentage of detumescence=person-time of detumescence/total person-time×100. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 relieving itching and detumescence after using the composition solution of preparation 
               
               
                 example 1-7 (mist spray) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Percentage 
                 Percentage 
                 Percentage 
                 Percentage 
                 Percentage 
                   
               
               
                   
                 of 
                 of 
                 of 
                 of 
                 of 
                 Percentage of 
               
               
                   
                 relieving 
                 relieving 
                 detumescence 
                 detumescence 
                 detumescence 
                 detumescence 
               
               
                   
                 in 1 min % 
                 in 3 min % 
                 in 1 min % 
                 in 5 min % 
                 in 10 min % 
                 in 30 min 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Preparation 
                 82 
                 93 
                 52 
                 63 
                 71 
                 85 
               
               
                 example1 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 76 
                 87 
                 45 
                 60 
                 65 
                 74 
               
               
                 example 2 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 74 
                 84 
                 43 
                 55 
                 68 
                 76 
               
               
                 example 3 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 70 
                 80 
                 41 
                 61 
                 69 
                 75 
               
               
                 example 4 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 65 
                 76 
                 38 
                 55 
                 62 
                 69 
               
               
                 example 5 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 64 
                 77 
                 41 
                 55 
                 60 
                 71 
               
               
                 example 6 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 66 
                 77 
                 43 
                 59 
                 64 
                 76 
               
               
                 example 6 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 78 
                 90 
                 48 
                 61 
                 69 
                 81 
               
               
                 example 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 3 showed that the efficacy of relieving itching reached 64-82% in 1 minute, 77-93% in 3 minutes with the mist spray made from preparation example 1-7, especially preparation example 1 and preparation example 7 have the better efficacy. The efficacy of detumescence reached 41-52% in 1 minute, 55-63% in 5 minutes, 60-70% in 10 minutes, 71-85% in 30 minutes with the mist spray made from preparation example 1-7, especially preparation example 1 and preparation example 7. 
     Test 4: the efficacy of preventing and curing virus and germs after using the mosquito repellent solution of preparation example 1-7 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 the efficacy of preventing and curing virus and germs after using the mosquito 
               
               
                 repellent solution of preparation example 1-7 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Percentage of killing virus (%) 
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Infectious 
                 Newcastle 
                 Percentage of killing germs (%) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Influenza 
                 Corona 
                 bronchitis 
                 disease 
                   
                   
                 
                   Dysentery 
                 
                 
                   Tubercle 
                 
               
               
                 treatment 
                 virus 
                 virus 
                 virus 
                 virus 
                 
                   streptococcus 
                 
                 
                   typhoaemia 
                 
                 
                   bacillus 
                 
                 
                   bacillus 
                 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Preparation 
                 52.3 
                 47.9 
                 53.2 
                 56.6 
                 75.1 
                 78.9 
                 80.1 
                 76.9 
               
               
                 example 1 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 42.1 
                 32.1 
                 38.7 
                 30.2 
                 62.3 
                 66.3 
                 57.2 
                 54.6 
               
               
                 example 2 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 40.0 
                 34.5 
                 28.7 
                 36.7 
                 50.3 
                 65.4 
                 54.5 
                 55.3 
               
               
                 example 3 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 35.8 
                 40.1 
                 34.6 
                 38.7 
                 54.2 
                 61.2 
                 52.0 
                 60.3 
               
               
                 example 4 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 33.2 
                 31.3 
                 37.5 
                 44.3 
                 55.4 
                 60.7 
                 60.2 
                 65.1 
               
               
                 example 5 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 34.1 
                 28.7 
                 30.4 
                 42.1 
                 56.1 
                 58.6 
                 52.1 
                 51.4 
               
               
                 example 6 
               
               
                 Preparation 
                 48.9 
                 48.7 
                 51.4 
                 58.7 
                 74.6 
                 77.2 
                 77.2 
                 77.1 
               
               
                 example 7 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Table 4 showed that the mosquito repellent solution of preparation example 1-7 can kill virus as influenza virus, coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, also germs as streptococcus, typhoaemia, dysentery bacillus, and tubercle bacillus. The efficacy of preparation example 1 and 7 are better.