Patent Publication Number: US-2021170291-A1

Title: Animation puppet

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention generally relates to an animation puppet for use in art, education, animation and toys. More specifically, the present invention relates to an animation puppet having a highly articulable, free-standing and precision-posable skeletal frame for creating stop-motion armatures that can be positioned into a wide range of expressive and gravity defying poses. 
     Puppets are generally well known in the art and are used as inanimate objects animated or manipulated by a puppeteer. Some of the first known uses date back to 5th century Greece where the Greeks controlled such inanimate objects with draw-strings or pull-strings. Puppetry was also popularized in other areas of Europe and Asia as part of ancient forms of theater. Over the years, many different types of puppets have been developed, including fairly simple finger puppets, sock puppets, hand or glove puppets, Marottes, and more complex puppets, such as the Bunraku puppet (Japan), Marionette pull string puppets, etc. The more complex versions may require training to learn how to manipulate strings, poles, pulleys or the like. Alternative puppets may include carnival or body puppets worn and shown off as part of larger festivals or gatherings, such as parades or sporting events. In this respect, there are many different types and varieties of puppets, which, of course, are made from a wide range of materials, depending on the form and intended use. Obviously the complexity of the puppet can range from being simple to extremely complex—such design impacts the construction and the feasibility of operation once constructed. 
     Of the variety of puppets, stop-motion animation puppets may be used in television, the movies, and related entertainment as an animation technique to make a physically manipulated object or persona appear to move on its own. The animation is created by moving the object in small increments between individually photographed frames. When the photographed frames are played back as a continuous sequence, it creates the illusion that the puppet is moving. Dolls with movable joints or clay and cast foam figures (e.g., “clay-mations”) are often used in stop motion animation. Unfortunately, stop-motion animation puppets known in the art are not suitable for use “right out of the box”. For example, creating a doll with joints capable of being used for stop-motion animation requires formation of an underlying skeleton/armature, additional fabrication, sculpting, casting, tooling, adjustments, labor, etc. Clay figures, in particular, must be carefully designed and formed by a skilled artist. 
     Obviously, the problem with these known prior art puppets used for high-quality stop-motion animation is that they are complex, labor intensive to make, and require specialized designs and equipment to fabricate. Accordingly, specialized technicians and artists skilled in making puppets are often required, and the resultant designs are not easy to reproduce or mass manufacture. These individually produced puppets must then be fine tuned to operate as a positionable-ready animation puppet. Of course, the process and nature of the work required to create a highly functioning positionable-ready animation puppet makes them less suitable for mass production. The high cost, time, skill, resources, and materials required to make quality animation puppets reduces the affordability of quality animation puppets. 
     Typically, the labor intensive process for making a stop-motion animation puppet is to first design a metal skeleton/armature, e.g., with computer aided design (“CAD”) software. Then, a highly skilled engineer or machinist fabricates the skeleton/armature out of metal rods and/or bearings based on the CAD design. Next, to turn the machine-finished metal skeleton/armature into a positionable animation puppet, a highly skilled artist sculpts clay and/or casts rubber foam around the metal skeleton/armature. Once the sculpting and casting has been completed, finishing details are applied, such as removing flash (i.e., excess material at the seams, resulting from molding processes), adding paint, color, etc. Even at this point, the stop-motion animation puppet still requires a great deal of tweaking or “tensioning” by a specialist (e.g., an animator) before the puppet is ready for production. “Tensioning” is the tedious process of loosening and/or tightening screws in the joints of the underlying skeleton/armature with a screwdriver, to achieve the tension necessary for the puppet to be positioned and animated correctly. This can be a labor intensive process itself as it is desired only to move the skeletal/armature structure of the puppet in small increments to obtain the desired sequencing movement when played back as a continuous stream. Traditional stop-motion puppets require tensioning before animating, so the joints are strong enough to hold the weight of the puppet, yet not tensioned or tightened to the degree the animator is unable to move the joints. As such, depending how well the stop-motion animation puppet is designed, each puppet may vary in quality and performance. Variances in the design and construction of the puppet greatly influence the level of precision and functionality, especially since the puppets are typically built one-off and by hand. This, accordingly, decreases the anticipated quality and repeatability from one puppet to the next. Afterward, this type of puppet requires a great deal of upkeep and tweaking to ensure the various controls keep working. 
     Other drawbacks known in the art of such stop-motion animation puppets is that they have a limited range of motion, may have inconsistent articulation and functionality (e.g., unable to hold poses after repeated use because the joints give out too quickly for use in animation), lack precision (e.g., animation puppets known in the art do not have the level of articulation in the foot required by an animator to achieve quality animation, such as by way of an articulating toe), are typically not free-standing (rather require additional support equipment or tools to hold the puppet upright), and may have inconsistent joint performance requiring additional tweaking to maintain proper functionality, especially after prolonged use. Such drawbacks can affect the overall quality of the animation because the animator is unable to achieve the degree of precision and range of motion desired. 
     Some toy manufacturers mass produce action figurines that have somewhat movable joints. Such action figures known in the art may include the Stikfas manufactured by Stikfas Pte Ltd of 39 Ean Kiam Place, Singapore, Singapore 429124 or the G.I. Joe manufactured by Hasbro, Inc. of 1027 Newport Avenue, Pawtucket, R.I. 02862. Notably, these action figures were not designed for stop-motion animation. For example, the Stikfas were designed as a 3.5 inch posable toy figure, not an animation tool or animation puppet. These products simply do not have the degree of functionality or precision required by an animator, for the purpose of animation. Similarly, while it may be possible to selectively position a G.I. Joe as part of a stop-action filming process, there is no real way to ensure precision-based adjustments, balance, etc. Toys like Stikfas, G.I. Joe, Modibots, manufactured by Go Go Dynamo of Providence, R.I., and Bionicles, manufactured by LEGO, Juris A/S Corporation of Koldingvej 2 Billund DK-7190, Denmark, are too limited in supination or pronation rotation of the joints (e.g., ankles, shoulders, etc.), do not have double jointed shoulders, do not have double jointed head/neck joints, lack the natural range of motion in the shoulders and head/neck, and do not have the capability to be position onto the toes without the use of an additional support system (namely because the toe joint is non-existent) to hold the figure upright. 
     Thus, there exists a significant need in the art for an animation puppet for use in stop-motion animation that can be mass manufactured, is precision-positionable for a high degree of repeat positioning over and extended time, and that is relatively inexpensive to manufacture, e.g., by way of precision injection molding. The present invention fulfills these needs and provides further related advantages. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An animation puppet as disclosed here may include a body core (e.g., inclusive of one or more of a chest, an abdomen, and/or a pelvis) connectible with a variety of components, such as a head, a pair of upper limbs or arms, and a pair of legs in a manner that allows a user to pose the animation puppet in a number of different positions for purposes of, e.g., stop motion animation. In one embodiment, the head may be configured for friction-fit engagement with the body core, thereby forming a head joint therebetween, the pair of upper limbs may be configured for friction-fit engagement with the body core, thereby forming a respective pair of upper limb joints therebetween, and the pair of legs may be configured for friction-fit engagement with the body core, thereby forming a respective pair of leg joints therebetween. Each of the joints may include a pair of articulable surfaces in said friction-fit engagement by way of a surface interface pre-tension having a coefficient of friction relatively greater than the weight of the animation puppet such that each joint independently supports the weight of the animation puppet while simultaneously permitting relative independent position posing of one or more of the head, the pair of arms, and/or the pair of limbs relative to the body core for stop-motion animation. 
     In one embodiment, the head joint may include a double joint having a head ball grip in friction-fit engagement with a head socket in the head and a chest ball grip in friction-fit engagement with a chest socket in the body core. Here, the head joint may include a flexion of approximately 70 to 90 degrees, an extension up to approximately 55 degrees, a lateral bend up to approximately 35 degrees, and a shoulder rotation up to approximately 70 degrees. 
     In a similar embodiment, each of the upper limb joints may include a double joint having a shoulder ball grip in friction-fit engagement with a shoulder socket in the body core and an arm ball grip in friction-fit engagement with an arm socket in the upper limb. Each leg joint may include a hip ball grip extending outwardly from a respective leg in friction-fit engagement with a respective hip socket in the body core. Here, the upper limb joints may include an abduction up to approximately 180 degrees, an adduction up to approximately 45 degrees, a horizontal extension up to approximately 45 degrees, a horizontal flexion up to approximately 130 degrees, a vertical extension up to approximately 60 degrees, and a vertical flexion up to approximately 180 degrees. 
     In another embodiment, the head and the pair of upper limbs may couple to the chest and the pair of legs may couple to the pelvis portion of the body core. The pelvis may include a respective pair of angled hip sockets that include a wedge-shape cut-out and a rear supportive flange to permit maximum rotation and support thereof. The pelvis may include a pelvis ball grip that selectively couples in friction-fit engagement to a pelvis socket in the abdomen, wherein engagement of the pelvis ball grip in the pelvis socket forms a pelvis joint having a flexion up to approximately 75 degrees, an extension up to approximately 30 degrees, and a lateral bend up to approximately 35 degrees. 
     The pair of legs may include a thigh and a shin, wherein the shin selectively couples to a foot that generally includes a heel that can articulate relative to a toe. More specifically, the toe may include a chamber having a size and shape for select reception and pull-out removal of a magnet that may attach the animation puppet to various metal or magnetized surfaces. A cap having a keyed extension for one-way engagement with a keyed recess in the magnet receiving chamber may seal the magnet therein. In one embodiment, the chamber may include an upwardly facing magnet receiving chamber. More specifically, the chamber may include a top accessible bore and a bottom accessible bore, wherein the top accessible bore includes a width relatively wider than a width of the bottom accessible bore. In this embodiment, the width of the top accessible bore may be of a size and shape to selectively receive and retain a magnet or a screw head and the width of the bottom accessible bore may be of a size and shape relatively smaller than the magnet and relatively larger than a screw shank. This permits the chamber to selectively receive and retain the aforementioned magnet, for magnetized engagement of the animation puppet to a metal or magnetized surface, while also allowing the animation puppet to be tied-down using a screw or the like. Here, the magnet may include a magnetic force sufficient to lock the animation puppet to a metal base for stop-motion animation. 
     More specifically with respect to the heel, the heel may include a bottom-mounted or bottom-accessible magnet receiving recess. Additionally, the heel may include an ankle socket that includes a bore having a partial cut-out opening and an upwardly extending support cuff. Here, the shin may include a lower extension having an eccentric ankle ball grip axially misaligned with the length of the shin and configured for friction-fit engagement with the ankle socket. Such axial misalignment is configured to clear the lower extension of the partial cut-out opening of the upwardly extending support cuff. Additionally, an ankle joint formed by friction-fit engagement of the ankle ball grip with the ankle socket may include a flexion of up to approximately 45 degrees, an extension up to approximately 20 degrees, a pronation up to approximately 30 degrees, and a supination up to approximately 20 degrees. 
     In another aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein, the foot may further include a pair of toe ball grips extending outwardly from the heel for friction-fit engagement with a pair of respective toe sockets in the toe. Here, the heel may flex relative to the toe about a toe joint formed by friction-fit engagement of the toe ball grips with the toe sockets. 
     In another feature of the animation puppet disclosed herein, the thigh and the shin may interconnect about a knee joint that includes a ball-and-socket joint or a hinge joint. In this respect, the knee joint may include a flexion up to approximately 130 degrees, an extension up to approximately 15 degrees, and an internal rotation up to approximately 10 degrees. Each of the thighs may also include an eccentrically extending hip ball grip axially misaligned with the length of the thigh and configured for friction-fit engagement with a hip socket of the body core, wherein engagement of the eccentrically extending ball grip in the hip socket forms a hip joint having a flexion between approximately 110 and 130 degrees, an extension up to approximately 30 degrees, an abduction between approximately 45 to 30 degrees, an adduction between approximately 20 to 30 degrees, an internal rotation up to approximately 40 degrees, and an external rotation up to approximately 45 degrees. 
     In another embodiment of the animation puppet disclosed herein, each of the pair of upper limbs may include an arm, a forearm, and a hand with a set of fingers. The arm and the forearm may interconnect about an elbow joint that includes a flexion up to approximately 150 degrees, an extension up to approximately 180 degrees, a supination up to approximately 90 degrees, and a pronation up to 90 degrees. In one embodiment, the elbow joint may include a ball-and-socket joint or a hinge joint. Additionally, the forearm and the hand may connect about a wrist joint, wherein the wrist joint includes a flexion between approximately 80 to 90 degrees, an extension up to approximately 70 degrees, a radial deviation up to approximately 20 degrees, and an ulnar deviation between approximately 30 and 50 degrees. The hand may further include a palm having a housing configured to selectively receive and retain a magnet, wherein the magnetic force of the magnet is strong enough to support the weight of the animation puppet. 
     In another aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein, each of the joints may include plastic injection molded joints and one of the pair of articulable surfaces may include a ball grip and the other of the pair of articulable surfaces may include a socket. Here, the ball grip may include a solid plastic core having a relatively softer abrasion resistant over mold that includes a rubber material. Additionally, the animation puppet may include an extension rig configured for friction-fit engagement with the body core. 
     In another embodiment, the animation puppet disclosed herein may include an extension rig that includes a base having a mounting surface for upright positioning of the extension rig, a rod coupled to and at least partially extending up and away from the base, and a ball grip coupled an upper end of the rod and opposite the base, the ball grip including a first articulable surface configured for friction-fit engagement with a second articulable surface of a puppet socket. The friction-fit engagement of the ball grip with the puppet socket may form a base joint wherein a surface interface pre-tension between the first and second articulable surfaces has a coefficient of friction relatively greater than the weight of the animation puppet when attached to the extension rig such that the base joint independently supports the weight of the animation puppet while simultaneously permitting relative independent position posing of the animation puppet for stop-motion animation. 
     As disclosed herein, the extension rig may further include an adapter having a pair of adapter sockets, wherein at least one of the pair of adapter sockets is configured for friction-fit engagement with the ball grip. In one embodiment, the friction-fit connection of the ball connectors with the adapter socket and/or the puppet socket permits multiple degree of freedom rotation (e.g., 360 degree rotation) relative thereto. The extension rig may also make sure of one or more connecting members that include a rod with a pair of ball connectors at opposite ends thereof. In this embodiment, one of the pair of ball connectors may be configured for friction-fit engagement with the adapter socket and the other of the pair of ball connectors may be configured for friction-fit engagement with the puppet socket. 
     In another aspect of this embodiment, the mounting surface may include a magnetic surface and/or the base may include one or more magnet receiving chambers for selectively receiving and retaining a magnet therein. In this respect, the animation puppet may further include a kit of components, including the animation puppet, the extension rig, and an installation tool that includes a rod having an insertion section with an insertion head relatively smaller than a removal section and its removal head. More specifically, the insertion section may include a first cylinder and the removal section may include a second cylinder, wherein the first cylinder has a diameter relatively smaller than the second cylinder. Here, magnetic attraction between the magnet and the base may be relatively stronger than between the magnet and the insertion head, while magnetic attraction between the magnet and the base may be relatively weaker than between the magnet and the removal head. 
     In another embodiment of the animation puppet disclosed herein, an appendage includes a main body having a size and shape for supporting the weight of the animation puppet and a magnet receiving chamber formed from the main body and having a size and shape for select reception and/or pull-out removal of a magnet therein. The appendage may further include one of a ball grip or a socket formed as part of the main body for connection to the opposite of the ball grip or the socket formed as part of the animation puppet. Here, the ball grip may include a first articulable surface configured for friction-fit engagement with a second articulable surface of the socket, wherein friction-fit engagement of the ball grip with the socket forms a joint wherein a surface interface pre-tension between the first and second articulable surfaces has a coefficient of friction relatively greater than the weight of the animation puppet such that the joint and the main body support the weight of the animation puppet in magnetized relation to a mounting surface while simultaneously permitting relative independent position posing of the animation puppet for stop-motion animation. 
     This embodiment may further include a cap for sealing the magnet inside the magnet receiving chamber, wherein the cap includes a keyed extension for one-way engagement with a keyed recess formed from the magnet receiving chamber. The magnet receiving chamber may include an upwardly facing magnet receiving chamber formed from a portion of a toe of the animation puppet. Here, for example, the magnet receiving chamber may more specifically include a top accessible bore and a bottom accessible bore, wherein the top accessible bore has a width relatively wider than a width of the bottom accessible bore. The width of the top accessible bore may be of a size and shape to selectively receive and retain the magnet or a screw head and the width of the bottom accessible bore may be of a size and shape relatively smaller than the magnet and relatively larger than a screw shank. The interface between the top accessible bore and the bottom accessible bore may form a retention lip (e.g., to stop through passage of the magnet or a screw head all the way through the toe). 
     In another aspect of this embodiment, the magnet may include a magnetic force sufficient to lock the animation puppet to the mounting surface for stop-motion animation. 
     In another embodiment, the appendage may include a heel and the magnet receiving chamber may include a bottom-mounted magnet receiving recess. The heel may include an ankle socket that includes a bore having a partial cut-out opening and an upwardly extending support cuff for select friction-fit engagement with other components of the animation puppet. Additionally, the appendage may include a hand and the magnet receiving chamber may be formed from a palm of the hand. 
     In another embodiment, the animation puppet may include a foot that has a toe and a heel, each having a size and shape for supporting the weight of the animation puppet. One of the toe or the heel may include a chamber having a size and shape for select reception and/or pull out removal of a magnet therein. More specifically in this respect, the chamber may include an upwardly facing magnet receiving chamber in the toe or the chamber may include a bottom-mounted magnet receiving recess. 
     A double joint may be formed between and facilitating friction-fit engagement of the toe with the heel. Here, the double joint may include a pair ball grips and a pair of corresponding sockets. The ball grips may each include a first articulable surface configured for friction-fit engagement with a second articulable surface of the respective sockets. The friction-fit engagement of the ball grips with the sockets may form the double joint wherein a surface interface pre-tension between the first and second articulable surfaces has a coefficient of friction relatively greater than the weight of the animation puppet such that the heel may move relative to the toe yet support the weight of the animation puppet while simultaneously permitting relative independent position posing of the animation puppet for stop-motion animation. 
     Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following more detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention. In such drawings: 
         FIG. 1A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of an animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 1B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the animation puppet of  FIG. 1A ; 
         FIG. 1C  is a front elevation view of the animation puppet of  FIGS. 1A and 1B ; 
         FIG. 1D  is a left side elevation view of the animation puppet of  FIGS. 1A and 1B ; 
         FIG. 1E  is a top plan view of the animation puppet of  FIGS. 1A and 1B ; 
         FIG. 2A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a head of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 2B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the head of  FIG. 2A ; 
         FIG. 2C  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and left sides of the head of  FIG. 2A ; 
         FIG. 2D  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and right sides of the head of  FIG. 2A ; 
         FIG. 2E  is a rear elevation view of the head of  FIGS. 2A-2D ; 
         FIG. 2F  is a right side elevation view of the head of  FIGS. 2A-2D ; 
         FIG. 2G  is a left side elevation view of the head of  FIGS. 2A-2D ; 
         FIG. 2H  is a top plan view of the head of  FIGS. 2A-2D ; 
         FIG. 2I  is a bottom plan view of the head of  FIGS. 2A-2D ; 
         FIG. 3A  is an exploded perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a chest and a plurality double joints used to form the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 3B  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIG. 3A ; 
         FIG. 3C  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIG. 3A ; 
         FIG. 3D  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIG. 3A ; 
         FIG. 3E  is an exploded rear elevation view of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIGS. 3A-3D ; 
         FIG. 3F  is an exploded right side elevation view of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIGS. 3A-3D ; 
         FIG. 3G  is an exploded left side elevation view of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIGS. 3A-3D ; 
         FIG. 3H  is an exploded top plan view of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIGS. 3A-3D ; 
         FIG. 3I  is an exploded bottom plan view of the chest and the plurality double joints of  FIGS. 3A-3D ; 
         FIG. 4A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of the chest of  FIG. 3A , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the chest of  FIG. 3B , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the chest of  FIG. 3C , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the chest of  FIG. 3D , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4E  is a rear elevation view of the chest of  FIG. 3E , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4F  is a right side elevation view of the chest of  FIG. 3F , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4G  is a left side elevation view of the chest of  FIG. 3G , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4H  is a top plan view of the chest of  FIG. 3H , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 4I  is a bottom plan view of the chest of  FIG. 3I , illustrating connection of the plurality of double joints therein; 
         FIG. 5A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of the chest of  FIGS. 3A-31 and 4A-41 , further illustrating a neck socket and a pair of shoulder sockets; 
         FIG. 5B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the chest of  FIGS. 3A-31 and 4A-41 , further illustrating the neck and the shoulder sockets; 
         FIG. 5C  is a front elevation view of the chest of  FIGS. 5A and 5B ; 
         FIG. 5D  is a left side elevation view of the chest of  FIGS. 5A and 5B ; 
         FIG. 5E  is a top plan view of the chest of  FIGS. 5A and 5B ; 
         FIG. 5F  is a bottom plan view of the chest of  FIGS. 5A and 5B ; 
         FIG. 6A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of an abdomen of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 6B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the abdomen of  FIG. 6A ; 
         FIG. 6C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the abdomen of  FIG. 6A ; 
         FIG. 6D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the abdomen of  FIG. 6A ; 
         FIG. 6E  is a front elevation view of the abdomen of  FIGS. 6A-6D ; 
         FIG. 6F  is a right side elevation view of the abdomen of  FIGS. 6A-6D ; 
         FIG. 6G  is a left side elevation view of the abdomen of  FIGS. 6A-6D ; 
         FIG. 6H  is a top plan view of the abdomen of  FIGS. 6A-6D ; 
         FIG. 6I  is a bottom plan view of the abdomen of  FIGS. 6A-6D ; 
         FIG. 7A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a pelvis of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 7B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the pelvis of  FIG. 7A ; 
         FIG. 7C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the pelvis of  FIG. 7A ; 
         FIG. 7D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the pelvis of  FIG. 7A ; 
         FIG. 7E  is a front elevation view of the pelvis of  FIGS. 7A-7D ; 
         FIG. 7F  is a right side elevation view of the pelvis of  FIGS. 7A-7D ; 
         FIG. 7G  is a left side elevation view of the pelvis of  FIGS. 7A-7D ; 
         FIG. 7H  is a top plan view of the pelvis of  FIGS. 7A-7D ; 
         FIG. 7I  is a bottom plan view of the pelvis of  FIGS. 7A-7D ; 
         FIG. 8A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a pair of legs of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 8B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the pair of legs of  FIG. 8A ; 
         FIG. 8C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the pair of legs of  FIG. 8A ; 
         FIG. 8D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the pair of legs of  FIG. 8A ; 
         FIG. 8E  is a front elevation view of the pair of legs of  FIGS. 8A-8D ; 
         FIG. 8F  is a right side elevation view of the pair of legs of  FIGS. 8A-8D ; 
         FIG. 8G  is a left side elevation view of the pair of legs of  FIGS. 8A-8D ; 
         FIG. 9A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a pair of thighs of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 9B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the pair of thighs of  FIG. 9A ; 
         FIG. 9C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the pair of thighs of  FIG. 9A ; 
         FIG. 9D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the pair of thighs of  FIG. 9A ; 
         FIG. 9E  is a front elevation view of the pair of thighs of  FIGS. 9A-9D ; 
         FIG. 9F  is a rear elevation view of the pair of thighs of  FIGS. 9A-9D ; 
         FIG. 9G  is a right side elevation view of the pair of thighs of  FIGS. 9A-9D ; 
         FIG. 9H  is a left side elevation view of the pair of thighs of  FIGS. 9A-9D ; 
         FIG. 10A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a pair of shins of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 10B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the pair of shins of  FIG. 10A ; 
         FIG. 10C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the pair of shins of  FIG. 10A ; 
         FIG. 10D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the pair of shins of  FIG. 10A ; 
         FIG. 10E  is a front elevation view of the pair of shins of  FIGS. 10A-10D ; 
         FIG. 10F  is a right side elevation view of the pair of shins of  FIGS. 10A-10D ; 
         FIG. 10G  is a left side elevation view of the pair of shins of  FIGS. 10A-10D ; 
         FIG. 11A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a foot of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 11B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the foot of  FIG. 11A ; 
         FIG. 11C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the foot of  FIG. 11A ; 
         FIG. 11D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the foot of  FIG. 11A ; 
         FIG. 11E  is a front elevation view of the foot of  FIGS. 11A-11D ; 
         FIG. 11F  is a right side elevation view of the foot of  FIGS. 11A-11D ; 
         FIG. 11G  is a left side elevation view of the foot of  FIGS. 11A-11D ; 
         FIG. 11H  is a top plan view of the foot of  FIGS. 11A-11D ; 
         FIG. 11I  is a bottom plan view of the foot of  FIGS. 11A-11D ; 
         FIG. 12A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a heel of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 12B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the heel of  FIG. 12A ; 
         FIG. 12C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the heel of  FIG. 12A ; 
         FIG. 12D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the heel of  FIG. 12A ; 
         FIG. 12E  is a front elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 12F  is a rear elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 12G  is a right side elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 12H  is a left side elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 12I  is a top plan view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 12J  is a bottom plan view of the heel of  FIGS. 12A-12D ; 
         FIG. 13A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a toe of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 13B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the toe of  FIG. 13A ; 
         FIG. 13C  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and left sides of the toe of  FIG. 13A ; 
         FIG. 13D  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and right sides of the toe of  FIG. 13A ; 
         FIG. 13E  is a front elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 13F  is a rear elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 13G  is a right side elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 13H  is a left side elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 13I  is a top plan view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 13J  is a bottom plan view of the toe of  FIGS. 13A-13D ; 
         FIG. 14A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a right arm of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 14B  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a left arm of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 14C  is a perspective view of the front, top and right sides of the right arm as disclosed in  FIG. 14A ; 
         FIG. 14D  is a perspective view of the front, top and right sides of the left arm as disclosed in  FIG. 14B ; 
         FIG. 14E  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and left sides of the right arm as disclosed in  FIGS. 14A and 14C ; 
         FIG. 14F  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and left sides of the left arm as disclosed in  FIGS. 14B and 14D ; 
         FIG. 14G  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and right sides of the right arm as disclosed in  FIGS. 14A, 14C, and 14E ; 
         FIG. 14H  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and right sides of the left arm as disclosed in  FIGS. 14B, 14D, and 14F ; 
         FIG. 14I  is a front elevation view of the right arm of  FIGS. 14A, 14C, 14E, and 14G ; 
         FIG. 14J  is a front elevation view of the left arm of  FIGS. 14B, 14D, 14F, and 14H ; 
         FIG. 14K  is a left side elevation view of the right arm of  FIGS. 14A, 14C, 14E, and 14G ; 
         FIG. 14L  is a right side elevation view of the left arm of  FIGS. 14B, 14D, 14F, and 14H ; 
         FIG. 15A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a right forearm of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 15B  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a left forearm of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 15C  is a perspective view of the front, top and right sides of the right forearm as disclosed in  FIG. 15A ; 
         FIG. 15D  is a perspective view of the front, top and right sides of the left forearm as disclosed in  FIG. 15B ; 
         FIG. 15E  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and left sides of the right forearm as disclosed in  FIGS. 15A and 15C ; 
         FIG. 15F  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and left sides of the left forearm as disclosed in  FIGS. 15B and 15D ; 
         FIG. 15G  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and right sides of the right forearm as disclosed in  FIGS. 15A, 15C, and 15E ; 
         FIG. 15H  is a perspective view of the front, bottom and right sides of the left forearm as disclosed in  FIGS. 15B, 15D, and 15F ; 
         FIG. 15I  is a front elevation view of the right forearm of  FIGS. 15A, 15C, 15E, and 15G ; 
         FIG. 15J  is a front elevation view of the left forearm of  FIGS. 15B, 15D, 15F, and 15H ; 
         FIG. 15K  is a left side elevation view of the right forearm of  FIGS. 15A, 15C, 15E, and 15G ; 
         FIG. 15L  is a right side elevation view of the left forearm of  FIGS. 15B, 15D, 15F, and 15H ; 
         FIG. 16A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a hand of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 16B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the hand of  FIG. 16A ; 
         FIG. 16C  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the hand of  FIG. 16A ; 
         FIG. 16D  is a perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the hand of  FIG. 16A ; 
         FIG. 16E  is a front elevation view of the hand of  FIGS. 16A-16D ; 
         FIG. 16F  is a right side elevation view of the hand of  FIGS. 16A-16D ; 
         FIG. 16G  is a left side elevation view of the hand of  FIGS. 16A-16D ; 
         FIG. 16H  is a top plan view of the hand of  FIGS. 16A-16D ; 
         FIG. 17  is a perspective side view of the animation puppet in one configuration of a standing position; 
         FIG. 18  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration standing on one leg with arms outstretched; 
         FIG. 19  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration standing on its hands; 
         FIG. 20  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration standing on one arm with legs outstretched; 
         FIG. 21  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration bent over; 
         FIG. 22  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration standing in one leg in a tree pose; 
         FIG. 23  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in a configuration similar to  FIG. 18 ; 
         FIG. 24  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in a configuration similar to  FIG. 19 ; 
         FIG. 25  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in a configuration similar to  FIG. 20 ; 
         FIG. 26  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another configuration similar to  FIGS. 20 and 25 ; 
         FIG. 27  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in yet another position; 
         FIG. 28  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another position; 
         FIG. 29  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in yet another position; 
         FIG. 30  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another position; 
         FIG. 31  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in yet another position; 
         FIG. 32  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in another position; 
         FIG. 33  is a perspective view of the animation puppet in yet another position; 
         FIG. 34  is an environmental perspective view of the animation puppet coupled to a mounting surface by way of a drop-down magnet within an alternative toe; 
         FIG. 35  is an environmental bottom perspective view, more specifically illustrating the alternative toe of  FIG. 34 ; 
         FIG. 36  is an environmental top perspective view, more specifically illustrating an aperture extending through the thickness of the alternative toe of  FIG. 34 ; 
         FIG. 37  is an environmental perspective view illustrating the animation puppet coupled to an extension rig supported by an underlying base; 
         FIG. 38  is an enlarged environmental perspective view of the base, taken about the circle  38  in  FIG. 37 ; 
         FIG. 39  is a perspective view of a installation rod having an insertion section relatively smaller in diameter than a removal section; 
         FIG. 40  is a perspective view of the insertion section of the installation rod magnetically attached to a magnetic disk; 
         FIG. 41  is an environmental perspective view illustrating inserting the magnetic disk into one of a plurality of magnet receiving chambers in the base; 
         FIG. 42  is an environmental perspective view illustrating removing the magnetic disk from one of the magnet receiving chambers in the base with the removal section of the installation rod; 
         FIG. 43  is an environmental perspective view illustrating the animation puppet coupled to an extension rig extending up from the base, which is magnetically coupled to a mounting surface by way of magnetic disks inserted into one or more of the magnet receiving chambers; 
         FIG. 44  is an environmental perspective view illustrating the animation puppet in a different position through manipulation of the extension rig; 
         FIG. 45  is a front elevation view of the extension rig coupled to the base, further illustrating two magnetic disks in exploded relation relative to their respective magnetic receiving chambers; 
         FIG. 46  is a side elevation view of the extension rig coupled to the base, with three magnetic disks shown in exploded relation relative to the base; 
         FIG. 47  is a top perspective view of the extension rig coupled to the base, with three magnetic disks shown in exploded relation relative to their respective magnetic receiving chambers; 
         FIG. 48  is a bottom perspective view of the extension rig coupled to the base, further illustrate a bottom of the base; 
         FIG. 49  is a bottom plan view of the base; 
         FIG. 50  is a top plan view of the extension rig coupled to the base, illustrating relative placement of the magnets in their respective magnet receiving chambers at equidistant positions around the periphery of the base; 
         FIG. 51A  is a perspective view of the front, top and left sides of an alternative embodiment of the toe of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 51B  is a perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the alternative toe of  FIG. 51A ; 
         FIG. 51C  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and left sides of the alternative toe of  FIG. 51A ; 
         FIG. 51D  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and right sides of the alternative toe of  FIG. 51A ; 
         FIG. 51E  is a rear elevation view of the alternative toe of  FIGS. 51A-51D ; 
         FIG. 51F  is a right side elevation view of the alternative toe of  FIGS. 51A-51D ; 
         FIG. 51G  is a left side elevation view of the alternative toe of  FIGS. 51A-51D ; 
         FIG. 51H  is a top plan view of the alternative toe of  FIGS. 51A-51D ; 
         FIG. 51I  is a bottom plan view of the alternative toe of  FIGS. 51A-51D ; 
         FIG. 52A  is a perspective view of the rear, top and left sides of an alternative embodiment of the heel of the animation puppet as disclosed herein; 
         FIG. 52B  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, top and right sides of the heel of  FIG. 52A ; 
         FIG. 52C  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, bottom and left sides of the heel of  FIG. 52A ; 
         FIG. 52D  is a perspective view illustrating the rear, bottom and right sides of the heel of  FIG. 52A ; 
         FIG. 52E  is a front elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 52F  is a rear elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 52G  is a right side elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 52H  is a left side elevation view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 52I  is a top plan view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 52J  is a bottom plan view of the heel of  FIGS. 52A-52D ; 
         FIG. 53A  is an exploded perspective view of the front, top and left sides of one embodiment of a toe of the animation puppet, including a keyed cap for a magnet receiving chamber; 
         FIG. 53B  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, top and right sides of the toes of  FIG. 53A ; 
         FIG. 53C  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and left sides of the toe of  FIG. 53A ; 
         FIG. 53D  is an exploded perspective view illustrating the front, bottom and right sides of the toe of  FIG. 53A ; 
         FIG. 53E  is an exploded front elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 53A-53D ; 
         FIG. 53F  is an exploded rear elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 153A-53E ; 
         FIG. 53G  is an exploded left side elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 153A-53F ; 
         FIG. 53H  is an exploded right side elevation view of the toe of  FIGS. 153A-53G ; 
         FIG. 53I  is a top plan view of the toe of  FIGS. 53A-53H ; 
         FIG. 53J  is a bottom plan view of the toe of  FIGS. 53A-53I ; and 
         FIG. 54  is another alternative perspective view of an embodiment of the animation puppet as disclosed herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As shown in the drawings for purposes of illustration, the present invention for an animation puppet is shown with respect to  FIGS. 1A-1E and 17-27  with reference to numeral  10 . As described in more detail below, the animation puppet  10  was developed from the ground up so that animators can more easily and quickly reposition the animation puppet  10  with greater consistency and precision to maximize a wide range of motion and articulation, thereby enhancing the ability to position the animation puppet  10  into expressive poses. Preferably, the joint rotation replicates the fluid and wide range of movement of humans, simulating both the limitations and the flexibility of human body mechanics, and in some cases, the joints are able to extend beyond the range of natural human joint motion so that the animation puppet  10  can be used to exaggerate natural human motion. The animation puppet  10  is able to consistently and repeatedly attain these precision-based poses, which can be held for an extended duration, and possibly indefinitely. In addition to creating stop-motion animation, the animation puppet  10  may enable animators and artists to more quickly explore ideas, by more quickly and accurately positioning the animation puppet  10  in a highly tactile manner, before committing to an idea (e.g., by way of computer animation). 
     The animation puppet  10  disclosed herein does not use nor require an underlying skeletal armature that has the aforementioned nuts and/or bolts that require “tensioning” before the puppet can be used for animation, as described above. Accordingly, elimination of these features naturally reduces the complexity of the design, including fabrication, sculpting, casting, tooling, tweaks, adjustments and related labor, and reduces reliance on expensive engineers, machinists, sculptures, artists and the like that are otherwise needed for producing one-off production puppets. Accordingly, the animation puppet  10  provides a low-cost, precise, highly articulated, free-standing, and positionable animation puppet. As discussed in more detail below, the animation puppet  10  is able to maintain consistent performance because the tension required to support the components of the animation puppet  10  are built into the joints. As a result, the strength and skeletal function of the animation puppet  10  are superior to that of puppets known in the art that require the use of the aforementioned metal armature or skeletal support. To this end, the animation puppet  10  is an “out of the box” solution, namely being immediately positionable for animation. 
     As shown in  FIGS. 1A-1E , the animation puppet  10  disclosed herein is formed from one or more of a series of interlocking components that may include, in one embodiment, a head  12 , a chest  14 , an abdomen  16 , and a pelvis  18 , the chest  14 , the abdomen  16  and the pelvis  18  forming the core of the animation puppet  10 , with the head  12  generally extending outwardly from the chest  14 , as shown. Furthermore, the animation puppet  10  may include a pair of legs connected to the pelvis  18 , and more specifically a right leg  20 , which generally includes a thigh  22  and a shin  24 , the shin  24  connecting to a foot  26 , which generally includes a heel  28  and a toe  30 ; and a corresponding left leg  20 ′, which may generally include a thigh  22 ′ and a shin  24 ′, the shin  24 ′ being connected to a foot  26 ′, which also generally includes a heel  28 ′ and a toe  30 ′. Additionally, the chest  14  may couple with a right arm  32  and a left arm  32 ′, which respectively couple with a corresponding forearm  34 ,  34 ′ and a respective hand  36 ,  36 ′ having a respective set of fingers  38 ,  38 ′. As will become apparent from the description herein, each of the interlocking components may be designed to be mixed and/or matched as needed and/or desired, depending on the type of animation project. Moreover, while the interlocking parts are precise and designed to integrate into the form of the animation puppet  10  disclosed herein, i.e., one that has clean and flowing lines conducive to creating appealing, flowing poses, other designs may be contemplated using the same or a substantially similar interlocking component relationship. The animation puppet  10  disclosed herein is shown with one silhouette designed to maintain one sculptural look and feel. While one embodiment is disclosed herein, the size, shape and overall aesthetic look of the animation puppet  10  may change to fit the desired project, so the present disclosure should not be limited only to the embodiments disclosed herein. 
     The animation puppet  10  achieves a consistent and wide range of motion and high functioning degree of articulation through interconnection of a ball grip and socket design, which defines the corresponding movable joints of the animation puppet  10 . The spatial orientation and size relationships of the ball grips and corresponding sockets maximizes the range of smooth, positionable motion and articulation that allows the animator or artist to animate or pose the animation puppet  10  with less effort and without compromising the strength of the joints. In this respect, the joints are pre-tensioned as a result of the surface friction interface between the ball grip and socket surfaces. In one embodiment, the desired balance and tension may be meticulously built into precise high-performance industrial strength plastic injection-molded ball grips and corresponding sockets. This enables the animation puppet  10  to be mass produced, yet positioned and selectively repositioned in desired poses, and to hold those positions or poses for an extended duration, and possibly even indefinitely. As described in more detail below, the assembled animation puppet  10  may be free-standing since the joints are able to carry the various components without other structural reinforcement, equipment or tools known in the art to hold other animation puppets upright (e.g., the aforementioned nuts/bolts). As such, the animation puppet  10  combines the metal skeletal function of a stop-motion armature with the aesthetic form of a finished puppet. 
     One embodiment of the head  12  is illustrated in more detail in  FIGS. 2A-21 . As shown, the head  12  may include the general facial features of a human head, although persons of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the head  12  could be virtually any shape, size or aesthetic look (including not being a human head) depending on the animation project. Here, the head  12  includes a neck socket  40  injection-molded formed or otherwise bored out from one portion of the head  12  and designed for interlocking engagement with a head ball grip  42  formed as part of a double joint  44 . The double joint  44  ( FIGS. 3A-31 and 4A-41 ) also includes a chest ball grip  46  on an opposite end thereof and separated by a connecting joint  48 . The corresponding chest ball grip  46  is designed for interlocking engagement with a chest socket  50  injection-molded formed or otherwise bored out from a portion of the chest  14  as shown in  FIGS. 3A-31 . When the head  12  is connected to the chest  14  by the respective head ball grip  42  and the chest ball grip  46  of the double joint  44 , the connecting joint  48  extending in between may provide the appearance of a neck (generally numeral  48 ), as shown in  FIGS. 1C and 1D , since the head ball grip  42  and the chest ball grip  46  are substantially seated within the respective sockets  40 ,  50 . The head ball grip  42  and the chest ball grip  46  may selectively engage with the respective sockets  40 ,  50  by snap-fit engagement such that the outer diameter surface of the ball grips  42 ,  46  are pre-tensioned to the diameter of the sockets  40 ,  50  to provide the desired resistance for virtually an endless selection of formations, some of which are shown below with respect to  FIGS. 17-27 . Of course, this ball-and-socket relationship may permit 360 degree rotation of one part (e.g., the head  12 ) relative to another part (e.g., the chest  14 ). Preferably the double joint  44  with the head ball grip  42 , which couples with the neck socket  40 , and the check ball grip  46 , which couples with the check socket  50 , meets and exceeds the normal ranges of human neck joint motion, and specifically has flexion of approximately 70 to 90 degrees (allowing the chin of the head  12  to touch the sternum of the chest  14 ), extension up to about 55 degrees (allowing the chin to point upwardly), lateral bending up to about 35 degrees (allowing the ear to close to the shoulder joint), and rotation up to about 70 degrees in both the right and left directions (allowing the head  12  to turn to the right and to the left). 
       FIGS. 3A-31  further illustrate other aspects of the animation puppet  10 , including a pair of double ball joints  52 ,  52 ′ for use in coupling the chest  14  to each of the arms  32 ,  32 ′. Each of the double ball joints  52 ,  52 ′ include a shoulder ball grip  54 ,  54 ′ for interconnection with a respective shoulder socket  56 ,  56 ′ (forming a shoulder joint), and arm ball grips  58 ,  58 ′ for coupling with a respective arm sockets  60 ,  60 ′ (see, e.g.,  FIGS. 14A-14D, 14F, and 14G ). Engagement of the chest ball grip  46  with the chest socket  50  and the shoulder ball grips  54 ,  54 ′ with the shoulder sockets  56 ,  56 ′ is shown in more detail in  FIGS. 4A-41 , and preferably has the form and fit and permits 360 degree rotation, as described above with respect to the neck socket  40  and the head ball grip  42 . More specifically, the shoulder joints formed by the respective shoulder ball grips  54 ,  54 ′ and the shoulder sockets  56 ,  56 ′ preferably exceeds the normal range of motion of the human shoulder joint, and may more specifically provide for abduction up to 180 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to move to a horizontal position), adduction up to 45 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to move toward the midline of the animation puppet  10 ), horizontal extension up to 45 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to swing horizontally backward), horizontal flexion up to 130 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to swing horizontally forward), vertical extension up to 60 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to raise straight backward), and vertical flexion up to 180 degrees (allowing the arms  32 ,  32 ′ to raise straight forward). 
     Further in this respect,  FIGS. 5A-5F  illustrate the structure of the chest  14  in more detail, and specifically with respect to the size and shape of the chest socket  50 , the shoulder sockets  56 ,  56 ′, and an abdomen socket  62  (also shown in  FIGS. 4C and 4D ). The abdomen socket  62  is of a size and shape for selective snap-fit reception of an abdomen ball grip  64  shown formed as part of the abdomen  16  and extending out and away from a body  66  of the abdomen  16  by a connector  68 . The abdomen  16  further includes a pelvis socket  70  for select snap-fit reception of a pelvis ball grip  72 , as shown in  FIGS. 7A-71  with respect to the pelvis  18 . The abdomen  16  links the pelvis  18  to the chest  14 , and forms the functionality of the lumbar spine. The abdomen  16  preferably exceeds the natural human range of joint motion, and specifically the pelvis ball grip  72  couples to the pelvis socket  70  to permit flexion of up to 75 degrees (allowing the abdomen  16  to bend forward relative to the pelvis  18 ), extension up to 30 degrees (allowing the abdomen  16  to bend backward relative to the pelvis  18 ), and lateral bending up to about 35 degrees (allowing the abdomen  16  to bend side-to-side relative to the pelvis  18 ). 
     The pelvis  18  similarly includes a pair of hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ for selected snap-fit engagement with a respective pair of hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ ( FIGS. 8A-8G ).  FIGS. 7A-71  more specifically illustrate the shape and structure of the pelvis  18 , including the formation of the hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ having a generally wedge-shaped cut-out with a back flange designed to provide additional support for the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ when engaged with the hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′. The corresponding hip joint formed through interconnection of the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ with the respective hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ provides a wide range of smooth positionable motion, without compromising the ability of the hip joint to be positioned and hold the weight of the animation puppet  10 . Each of the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ preferably extends out from the thigh  22  by an extension  78 ,  78 ′ designed to permit seated reception of the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ within the hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ while at the same time permitting maximum rotational freedom relative thereto, and preferably 360 degree rotational freedom. In a preferred embodiment, each ball grip  76 ,  76 ′ couples to its respective extension  78 ,  78 ′ at an angled offset. In other words, the extensions  78 ,  78 ′ preferably do not extend through the center of each respective ball grip  76 ,  76 ′, but rather through the offset position shown best, e.g., in  FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8E . This design helps to more accurately replicate the natural range of motion. The extension  78 ,  78 ′ may be needed to provide clearance of the thigh  78 ,  78 ′ relative to the pelvis sockets  70 ,  70 ′ of the pelvis  18 . Here, the extension  78 ,  78 ′ bridges the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ with the thigh  22 . 
     For the purposes of animation, it is preferred that the hip joint include a wide range of motion, while maintaining the structure of the joint and providing the strength required to hold the weight of the animation puppet. In this respect, the hip joint formed by the respective hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ and the respective hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ preferably exceeds the normal range of the human hip joint, and may more specifically provide for flexion between approximately 110 and 130 degrees (allowing the thighs  22 ,  22 ′ to be brought close to the abdomen  16 ), extension up to 30 degrees (allowing the thighs  22 ,  22 ′ to be moved backward without moving the pelvis  18 ), abduction between approximately 45 to 30 degrees (allowing the thighs  22 ,  22 ′ to be positioned away from the midline), adduction between approximately 20 to 30 degrees (allowing the thighs  22 ,  22 ′ to move toward and across the midline), internal rotation up to 40 degrees (allowing the knee joint to flex and swing the shins  24 ,  24 ′ away from the midline), and external rotation up to 45 degrees (allowing the knee joint to flex and swing the shins  24 ,  24 ′ toward the midline). 
     As shown best in  FIG. 9F , the thighs  22 ,  22 ′ both include respective knee sockets  80 ,  80 ′ configured for similar snap-fit engagement with a respective set of knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′, which are best shown in  FIGS. 10A-10G , thereby forming a knee joint. The knee joint is generally shown as a ball-and-socket joint, but it may also function as a hinge joint, but with the added freedom to rotate beyond a single hinge axis within a constrained range, which provides more flexibility to exaggerate natural human-like movement. Similar to the above, the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ are offset from the main body of the thighs  24 ,  24 ′ by an extension  84 ,  84 ′ similar to that of the extension  78 ,  78 ′. On a side opposite the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′, the thighs  24 ,  24 ′ also include a respective set of ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ configured for snap-fit engagement with a respective set of ankle sockets  88 ,  88 ′ in the heels  28 ,  28 ′ ( FIGS. 11A, 11B and 11H ). In this respect, the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ may be the same size or a different size relative to the ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′. In an embodiment wherein the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ are a different size than the ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′, the shins  24 ,  24 ′ can only be installed in one direction, i.e., the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ would only be sized for selective engagement with the knee sockets  80 ,  80 ′ and the ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ would only be sized for selective engagement with the ankle sockets  88 ,  88 ′. Preferably, the knee joint formed by the interconnection of the knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ with the respective set of knee sockets  80 ,  80 ′ meets and exceeds the natural range of joint motion in flexion, extension, and internal rotation of the human knee, and therefore increases the range of motion and the positioning capacity of the animation puppet  10 , relative to other stop-motion puppets and ball and socket toys. In this respect, the knee joint formed by the respective knee ball grips  82 ,  82 ′ and the knee sockets  80 ,  80 ′ provides for flexion of up to 130 degrees (allowing the shins  24 ,  24 ′ to touch the thighs  22 ,  22 ′), extension up to 15 degrees (allowing the shins  24 ,  24 ′ to be nearly linear with the thighs  22 ,  22 ′—i.e., straight legs  20 ,  20 ′), and internal rotation up to 10 degrees (allowing twisting of the shins  22 ,  22 ′ relative to the midline). 
     The ankle sockets  88 ,  88 ′ are more specifically illustrated with respect to a single foot  26  in  FIGS. 11A-11I  and a single heel  28  in  FIGS. 12A-12I . Although, a person of ordinary skill in the art will readily recognize that the opposite hand foot  26 ′ and heel  28 ′ are merely a mirror image of the foot  26  and the heel  28 . As shown, the ankle socket  88  is generally formed as a circular bore having a partial cut-out opening in the heel  28  of the foot  26 —this partial cut-out forms a somewhat upwardly extending support cuff  90  that permits snap-in engagement of the ankle ball grip  86 , while providing inner lateral support thereto. Accordingly, the ankle socket  88 ′ would include a similar upwardly extending support cuff  90 ′. In a preferred embodiment, each of the ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ extend outwardly from each respective shin  24  by an extension (unnumbered) similar to the ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ and the extensions  78 ,  78 ′. In other words, such extensions preferably do not extend through the center of each respective ball grip  86 ,  86 ′, but rather through an angled offset position to help more accurately replicate the natural range of motion. 
     As shown best in  FIGS. 12A-12J , the heel  28  further includes a double toe joint  92  having a pair of toe ball grips  94  extending outwardly therefrom as coupled to an extension  96 . The double toe joint  92  increases the stability, strength, precision and articulation of the animation puppet  10 , thereby enabling the animation puppet  10  to be positioned upright, freestanding, and on to one toe  30 , while being able to hold the weight of the animation puppet  10  in that pose for an extended duration (and possibly indefinitely), e.g., as shown in  FIGS. 18, 22, 23 and 27 . The toe ball grips  94  similarly couple with a toe socket  98  formed from the toe  30 , as illustrated best in  FIGS. 13A-13J . The toe sockets  98  may further include an engagement channel  100  relatively smaller than the socket  98 , to help facilitate select slide-in or snap-fit engagement of the toe ball grips  94  with the toe sockets  98 . Furthermore, as also shown in  FIGS. 12A-12J , the toe  30  may include a housing  102  for permanent or selective reception of a magnet  104  ( FIG. 24 ). In the embodiment shown with respect to  FIGS. 11C, 11D, 11I and 13A-13J , the housing  102  is formed generally from a bottom portion of the toe  30  and is generally open on one side. Although, other embodiments might include opening the housing  102  to the top of the toe  30  for drop-in reception of the magnet  104 , or the magnet  104  could be fully enclosed within the toe  30 . In another aspect of this embodiment, the toe  30  may be made from a metal or magnetized material to help facilitate retention of the magnet  104  within the housing  102 . While the housing  102  is shown as being generally circular in construction, the housing  102  may be made from other sizes and shapes. For example, decreasing the size of the housing  102  may permit forming multiple housings in the toe  30  configured to selectively receive one or more of the magnets. This magnet  104  (optional) is preferred as it can be used to more accurately and permanently position the animation puppet  10 , such as on a portable mount  106 , preferably including a metal or magnetized mounting surface  108  ( FIGS. 23-27 ). 
     The interconnection of the heel  28  with the toe  30  is designed to facilitate a natural range of motion of the human ankle, foot and toe. For instance, the interconnection of the ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ with the ankle ball sockets  88 ,  88 ′ of the animation puppet  10  facilitates a natural range of supination and pronation rotation, which greatly increases range of motion. In this respect, the ankle joint formed by the respective ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ and the ankle ball sockets  88 ,  88 ′ provides for flexion of up to 45 degrees (allowing the heels  28 ,  28 ′ to bend so the toes  30 ,  30 ′ can point up), extension up to 20 degrees (allowing the heel  28 ,  28 ′ to bend so the toes  30 ,  30 ′ can point down), pronation up to 30 degrees (allowing the heels  28 ,  28 ′ to turn so the sole faces out), and supination up to 20 degrees (allowing the heels  28 ,  28 ′ to turn so the sole faces in). 
     Moreover, the construction and shape of the arm  32 , the forearm  34 , the hand  36 , and the fingers  38  are shown and described in more detail with respect to  FIGS. 14A-14L, 15A-15L, and 16A-16H . In this respect,  FIGS. 14A-14L  illustrate the arm  32  including the aforementioned arm sockets  60 ,  60 ′ coupled at one end thereof with an elbow ball grip  110 ,  110 ′ extending out from the arm  32  by an extension  112 ,  112 ′ at an opposite end thereof. The elbow ball grip  110 ,  110 ′ is of a size and shape for selected snap-fit engagement with a corresponding elbow socket  114 ,  114 ′, shown formed in the forearm  34 ,  34 ′ in  FIGS. 15A-15L , to form an elbow joint. The elbow joint is generally shown as a ball-and-socket joint, but it may also function as a hinge joint, but with the added freedom to rotate beyond a single hinge axis within a constrained range, which provides more flexibility to exaggerate natural human-like movement. Preferably, the elbow joint formed by the interconnection of the elbow ball grips  110 ,  110 ′ with the respective set of elbow sockets  114 ,  114 ′ meets and exceeds the natural range of joint motion in flexion, extension, supination, and pronation of the human elbow, and therefore increases the range of motion and the positioning capacity of the animation puppet  10 , relative to other stop-motion puppets and ball and socket toys. In this respect, the elbow joint formed by the respective elbow ball grips  110 ,  110 ′ and the elbow sockets  114 ,  114 ′ provides for flexion of up to 150 degrees (allowing the forearm  34 ,  34 ′ to touch the arm  32 ,  32 ′), extension up to 180 degrees (allowing the forearm  34 ,  34 ′ to be nearly linear with the arm  32 ,  32 ′—i.e., straight arms), supination up to 90 degrees (allowing the forearm  34 ,  34 ′ to be turned so the palms  120 ,  120 ′ face up), and pronation up to 90 degrees (allowing the forearm  34 ,  34 ′ to be turned so the palms  120 ,  120 ′ face down). 
     The forearm  34  further includes a wrist socket  116 ,  116 ′ at an end opposite the elbow socket  114 ,  114 ′. The wrist sockets  116 ,  116 ′ are similarly configured for snap-fit reception of a corresponding wrist ball grip  118 ,  118 ′ (thereby forming a wrist joint), as shown with respect to  FIGS. 16A-16H . The wrist ball grips  118 ,  118 ′ extend out from a respective palm  120 ,  120 ′ of the hand  36 ,  36 ′ by a similarly constructed extension  122 ,  122 ′. The wrist joints preferably meet or exceed the natural range of joint motion of the human wrist in flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation. This increased range of motion in the wrist joints of the animation puppet  10  facilitates positioning into more poses than traditional stop-motion puppets and ball-and-socket toys. In this respect, the wrist joint formed by the respective wrist sockets  116 ,  116 ′ and the wrist ball grips  118 ,  118 ′ provides for flexion between approximately 80 to 90 degrees (allowing the palms  120 ,  120 ′ to bend toward the forearms  34 ,  34 ′), extension up to 70 degrees (allowing the palms  120 ,  120 ′ to bend toward the forearms  34 ,  34 ′ in an opposite direction), radial deviation up to 20 degrees (allowing the thumbs  132 ,  132 ′ to bend toward the forearms  34 ,  34 ′), and ulnar deviation between approximately 30 and 50 degrees (allowing the pinky finger to bend toward the ulna). 
     The palms  120 ,  120 ′ are preferably in the form of a human hand, as shown, and may further include a housing  124 ,  124 ′ to selectively receive and retain a hand magnet  126 ,  126 ′ ( FIG. 23 ), similar to the housing  102  and the magnet  104  described above. In this respect, the hand magnet  126  in one or more of the hands  36 ,  36 ′ may be used to selectively position and pose the animation puppet  10 , as shown, e.g., in  FIGS. 24-26  (e.g., a handstand supporting the weight of the animation puppet  10 ), on the mounting surface  108  of the mount  106 . 
     The hand  36  may include a series of the fingers  38 , such as a set of proximal phalanx  128  and/or a set of distal phalanx  130 . In the preferred embodiment disclosed herein the fingers  38  and the thumbs  132 ,  132 ′ have been simplified to have two joints instead of the three joints in the human hand. The base of the thumb joint uses the design and structure of the ankle joint to function with the widest range of motion. Although, off course, the animation puppet  10  may include a hand that includes a set of middle phalanx as well (not shown). Preferably, the proximal phalanx  128  connects to the palm  120  by way of a similar ball and socket design, whereby the proximal phalanx  128  are able to have a high degree of rotation (e.g., 360 degree rotation) relative to the palm  120 . Similarly, the distal phalanx  130  connects to the proximal phalanx  128  by way of a similar ball and socket design (shown generally in  FIGS. 16A-16H ), whereby the distal phalanx  130  are able to have a high degree of rotation (e.g., 360 degree rotation) relative to the proximal phalanx  128 . The ball/socket combination connecting the palm  120 , the proximal phalanx  128 , the optionally and not shown middle phalanx, and the distal phalanx  130  may be mixed and matched. For example, in one embodiment, the palm  120  may include a ball grip that fits into a socket in the proximal phalanx  128 , or the palm  120  may include a socket that selectively receives for snap-fit reception therein a ball grip formed from the proximal phalanx  128 . Similarly, the proximal phalanx  128  may include a ball grip that fits into a socket in the distal phalanx  130 , or the proximal phalanx  128  may include a socket that selectively receives for snap-fit reception therein a ball grip formed from the distal phalanx  130 . The hand  36  is also shown in  FIGS. 16A-16H  as having a thumb  132 , including a lower phalange  134  and an upper phalange  136 . The thumb  132  and related lower phalange  134  and/or the upper phalange  136  may interconnect byway of one or more of the aforementioned ball/socket combinations. 
     Further to the above,  FIGS. 17-33 and 54  illustrate the wide range of positionable combinations of position-posing the animation puppet  10  as disclosed herein. As shown, the hip joint formed by coupling of the hip ball grips  76 ,  76 ′ with the hip sockets  74 ,  74 ′ provides a wide range of natural articulated movement, while providing the strength required to hold the animation puppet  10  in the positions shown, e.g., in  FIGS. 17-33 and 54 . In this respect, ankle ball grips  86 ,  86 ′ are similarly selectively received within the respective ankle sockets  88 ,  88 ′ (thereby forming an ankle joint) for providing a wide range of natural articulated movement (as shown in the drawings), while at the same time providing the strength required to hold the animation puppet  10  in the poses disclosed herein. Although, in general, the joints formed by the interconnection of the ball grips and sockets are designed to create an optimum range of motion (e.g., 360 degrees) and strength to enable the animation puppet  10  to be positioned into the most demanding, expressive, and gravity defying poses, while maintaining the ability to hold the animation puppet  10  in those poses for as long as the animator or artist needs. Preferably the ball grips seat substantially within their respective sockets (e.g., by snap-fit engagement or otherwise) such that the outer diameter of the ball grips are pre-tensioned to the inside diameter of the sockets to provide the desired resistance and the desired rotational movement (e.g., 360 degree rotation). This is generally accomplished by forming the various components of the animation puppet  10  from industrial strength materials that permit precision manufacturing to precise tolerances wherein the joints have enough friction to hold the animation puppet  10  on one hand, while providing for smooth motion when repositioning the animation puppet  10 , on the other hand. This ball and socket combination is particularly preferred because it provides for a larger contact surface area about the area of rotation or pivoting during positioning movement. This, as a result, provides for more consistent resistance and gripping across all surface areas to provide optimum functionality of the joints. 
     In general, the aforementioned components of the animation puppet  10  are preferably made from materials having physical characteristics such as (a) high abrasion resistance, which provides increased longevity of the joint function and an added coefficient of friction between ball grips and sockets (which contributes to the proper out-of-the box tensioning of the joints); (b) specific gravity, where weight contributes to the functional balance of the animation puppet  10  during positioning with the hand; and (c) resilience or resistance to creep (i.e., the rate of deformation of solid material under long-term exposure to mechanical stress, such as the ball grips being compressed within the respective sockets). More specifically, the ball grips preferably include a rigid core over molded with an abrasion resistant, soft rubber-like material such as TPE, which increases longevity. The sockets are preferably made from a resilient industrial strength rigid plastic that provides an appropriate degree of flex in the joint. 
     Furthermore, the animation puppet  10  as disclosed herein may be made as part of a streamlined production process, effectively eliminating the need for an underlying metal skeletal structure (e.g., an armature). In this respect, the aforementioned components of the animation puppet  10  were designed in CAD and optimized for precision injection molding and mass production, thereby also reducing the manual machining and labor required to manufacture the animation puppet  10 . As such, the animation puppet  10  provides an animation-ready, precision-positionable animation puppet at a much lower cost to the consumer. 
     In another aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein, the animation puppet  10  is illustrated in  FIGS. 34-36  with respect to an alternative toe  138  that includes an upwardly facing magnet receiving chamber  140  having a size and shape for select drop-in reception and/or pull-out removal of a toe magnet  142 . The alternative toe  138  may couple to the heel  28  or to an alternative heel  144 , in accordance with the embodiments described above with respect to the toe  30  and the heel  28 . As more specifically shown in  FIG. 35 , the alternative heel  144  may include an optional heel magnet  146  inset therein (e.g., permanently or selectively removable therefrom). The optional heel magnet  146  may permit magnetized coupling to a metal surface, in accordance with the embodiments disclosed herein, to provide additional flexibility and mounting options for the animation puppet  10 . 
     More specifically with respect to the alternative toe  138 ,  FIG. 34  illustrates the animation puppet  10  coupled to a mounting surface  148  by drop-in placement of the magnet toe  142  into the magnetic receiving chamber  140 . In one embodiment, the magnet receiving chamber  140  is a bore having a first diameter formed into a top surface of the alternative toe  138  as best shown in  FIG. 34 . This permits the toe magnet  142  having a similar (e.g., slightly smaller) diameter to be selectively received therein or removed therefrom, as needed or desired.  FIGS. 35 and 36  further illustrate that the magnet receiving chamber  140  may further include a relatively smaller diameter aperture  150  that passes through the thickness of the alternative toe  138 . Here, the animation puppet  10  may be secured in position by threading a screw through the thickness of the alternative toe  138 . In this respect, the relatively larger screw head would sit within the magnetic receiving chamber  140  while the threads and shank are allowed to pass therethrough by way of the aperture  150 . This allows the animation puppet  10  to be secured by way of traditional tie-down. 
     The toe magnet  142  can be inserted into the magnetic receiving chamber  140  and placed in close enough proximity to the mounting surface  148  that the toe magnet  142  snaps into magnetic attachment thereto. This allows for further structural manipulation of the animation puppet  10  relative to a single point (or multiple points if both of the alternative toes  138 ,  138 ′ are coupled to the mounting surface  148 ). This allows, e.g., as shown best in  FIG. 34 , for the alternative toe  138  to be bent relative to the alternative heel  144 , which may permit animating the puppet  10  to show, for example, that the animation puppet  10  is walking, running, etc. while keeping the animation puppet  10  secured to the mounting surface  148 . 
     In another aspect of the embodiments disclosed herein, the animation puppet  10  is illustrated generally in  FIGS. 37-44  coupled to an extension rig  152  that terminates in a base  154  capable of being magnetically attached to the mounting surface  148 , similar to the alternative toe  138 . The extension rig  152  is generally formed from a series of connecting members  156  each having a generally elongated cylindrical rod  158  that terminates at each end in a respective pair of ball connectors  160  configured for snap-fit engagement with a ball connector socket  162  formed in an adapter  164 . The base  154  includes its own vertical rod  166  that terminates in a base ball connector  168  similarly configured to couple with the ball connector socket  162  of the adapter  164 . The ball connectors  160  preferably couple to the ball connector sockets  162  of the adapters  164  in a manner that permits 360 degree movement or near 360 degree movement relative thereto. 
     To form the extension rig  152  shown with respect to  FIGS. 37, 43 , and  44 , one of the ball connector sockets  162  of the adapter  164  is snapped into engagement with the base ball connector  168  at the end of the vertical rod  166  upwardly projecting from the base  154 . The other of the ball connector sockets  162  of the adapter  164  is then snapped into engagement with one of the ball connectors  160  of the connecting member  156 . In turn, the other of the ball connectors  160  is snap-fit engaged with the ball connector socket  162 ′ of another adapter  164 ′. Similarly, the other of the ball connector socket  162 ′ is snap-fit engaged with the ball connector  160 ′ of another connecting member  156 ′. The other of the ball connector  160 ′ of the connecting member  156 ′ couples for snap-fit engagement with the ball connector socket  162 ″ of the adapter  164 ″. Lastly, the other of the ball connector socket  162 ″ couples to a pelvis ball connector  170  extending from the pelvis  18  by way of a rod  172 . While the embodiment shown with respect to  FIGS. 37, 43, and 44  illustrates the extension rig  152  having two of the connecting members  156 ,  156 ′ and three of the related adapters  164 ,  164 ′,  164 ″, the number of the connecting members  156  and/or the adapters  164  may change. For example, there may be as few of none of the connecting members  156 . In this embodiment, there may be one adapter  164  that couples to the base ball connector  168  and the pelvis ball connector  170 . In alterative embodiments, one or more of the connecting members  156  may be added to increase the length of the extension rig  152 . Each additional connecting member  156  requires an additional adapter  164  for coupling thereto. To this end, adding more of the connecting members  156  provides more points of movement relative to the base  154 , thus increasing the degree of precision movement of the animation puppet  10 . 
       FIGS. 38-42  more specifically illustrate the process for attaching and/or detaching the base  154  from a magnetized surface, such as the mounting surface  148 . To start,  FIG. 38  illustrates placing the base  154  flush on the mounting surface  148 . The base  154  includes a plurality of magnet receiving chambers  174 , which may be substantially similar in size and shape as the magnet receiving chamber  140  of the alternative toe  138 . In this respect, the process for attaching and/or detaching the base  154  to the mounting surface  148  is substantially the same for both the magnet receiving chambers  140 ,  174 . 
       FIG. 39  illustrates an installation tool  176  that generally includes two sections, a first insertion section  178  having a relatively smaller diameter than a second removal section  180 . To attach the base  154  to the mounting surface  148 , the insertion section  178  is placed near a magnetic disk  182  as shown in  FIG. 40 . The installation tool  176  is preferably made from a metal material so the magnetic disk  182  becomes attached thereto as shown, e.g., in  FIG. 40 . The magnetic disk  182  can then be placed in any one of the magnet receiving chambers  174  through drop-in reception, as shown in  FIG. 41 . In one embodiment, the magnetic attraction between the magnetic disk  182  and the mounting surface  148  may be relatively stronger or otherwise exceed the magnetic force between the magnetic disk  182  and the insertion section  178 . In this embodiment, the magnetic disk  182  magnetically attracts to the mounting surface  148 , as opposed to the insertion section  178  of the installation tool  176 . Alternatively, the installation tool  176 , and specifically the insertion section  178  with the magnetic disk  182  thereon could be tilted to one side to disengage the relatively flat circular cross-section from the magnetic disk  182 . This results in breaking the magnetic attractive force between the insertion section  178  and the magnetic disk  182  so the magnetic disk  182  remains within the magnetic receiving chamber  174  after removal of the installation tool  176  therefrom. The base  154  is shown in  FIGS. 37-38 and 41-44  having three of the magnetic receiving chambers  174  that selectively receive and retain a respective magnetic disk  182  therein. 
     Disengagement of the base  154  from the mounting surface  148  may be just a matter of turning around the installation tool  176  and inserting the removal section  180  into the magnetic receiving chamber  174 . Here, the relatively larger circular cross-section surface area of the removal section  180  increases the surface area attraction between the installation tool  176  and the magnetic disk  182  (relative to the insertion section  178 ). Importantly, the magnetic attractive forces between the removal section  180  and the magnetic disk  182  may be larger than the attractive forces between the magnetic disk  182  and the mounting surface  148 . As such, withdrawing the installation tool  176  out from within the magnetic receiving chamber  174  causes withdrawal of the magnetic disk  182 , as the magnetic disk  182  remains attached to the removal section  180 , as generally shown in  FIG. 42 . This quick-attachment/quick-release system can also be used with respect to the toe magnet  142  and the magnet receiving chamber  140 . 
       FIGS. 45-50  further illustrate the extension rig  152  and the base  154 . In  FIGS. 45-58 , the extension rig  152  includes two of the connecting members  156 ,  156 ′ and is shown attached to the base  154  via the vertical rod  166  and the base ball connector  168 . Each of the connecting members  156 ,  156 ′ includes respective rods  158 ,  158 ′, the pair of ball connectors  160 ,  160 ′ (each respectively secured within the ball connector sockets  162 ,  162 ′), and the adapters  164 ,  164 ′. The extension rig  152  terminates with the pelvis ball connector  170  and the rod  172 , which secure the animation puppet  10  to the extension rig  152  and the base  154 . Each of the magnetic disks  182  are configured for drop-in reception into a magnetic receiving chamber  174  in the base  154 , thus causing the base  154  to engage any adjacent magnetically-receptive mounting surface  148 .  FIG. 46  is a side elevation view of the extension rig  152  and the base  154 , illustrating each of the magnetic disks  182  in exploded relation relative to the respective magnetic receiving chamber  174 .  FIG. 47  is a perspective view further illustrating the magnetic disks  182  in exploded relation relative to the respective magnetic receiving chambers  174 . The base  154  may be formed as a convex polyhedral shape, or as a truncated ellipsoid, and preferably includes at least one magnetic receiving chamber  174 .  FIGS. 48 and 49  more specifically illustrate the bottom of the base, and  FIG. 50  is a top view of the extension rig  152  and the base  154 . 
       FIGS. 51A-51J  more specifically illustrate the alternative toe  138 , including the aforementioned magnet receiving chamber  140 , a magnet retention lip  186 , and the aperture  150 , in place of the housing  102  shown in  FIGS. 13A-J . The top-loaded magnet receiving chamber  140  allows the toe magnet  142  to be inserted into the alternative toe  138 , while the magnet retention lip  186  prevents the toe magnet  142  from completely falling through the alternative toe  138  should the toe magnet  142  be selectively, rather than permanently, installed. The aperture  150  allows a screw, bolt, retention peg, etc. to pass through and secure the alternative toe  138  to a mounting surface, while using a corresponding fastener if necessary. The aperture  150  does not necessarily alter the use of the toe magnet  142  with respect to the magnet receiving chamber  140 , and may allow for the combination of a stabilizing structure to protrude through the alternative toe  138  while simultaneously using the toe magnet  142  installed in the magnet receiving chamber  140  for added stability. 
       FIGS. 52A-52J  illustrate the alternative heel  144  that includes a bottom-loaded heel magnet recess  190  capable of selectively or permanently securing the heel magnet  146  for added stability when securing the animation puppet  10  to a mounting surface, such as the mounting surface  148 . As shown in  FIGS. 51C-51D , the heel magnet recess  190  is accessible from the bottom of the alternative heel  144 , and is substantially ring-shaped. The heel magnet  146  may be similarly ring-shaped and of a size to fit therein. The heel magnetic recess  190  could also be cylindrical to selectively receive and retain a disk-shaped magnet, such as the toe magnet  142 . Alternatively, the heel magnet recess  190  may be polyhedral or ellipsoid in shape, depending on the shape of the heel magnet  146  inserted therein. 
       FIGS. 53A-53J  further illustrate the toe  30  having the toe sockets  98 , the magnet receiving chamber  140 , aperture  150  formed in the magnet retention lip  186 , as discussed above in detail. In general,  FIGS. 53A-53D  illustrate the toe magnet  142  in exploded relation relative to the magnet receiving chamber  140  and positioned below a cap  192  that includes a keyed extension  194  that selectively engages a keyed recess  196  formed from a portion of the magnet receiving chamber  140 . In one embodiment, the cap  192  may be a two-way snap and/or press-to-friction-fit cap. Here, the cap  192  may be made from a relatively grippy rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer (“TPE”) material to provide sufficient friction-related engagement with the magnet receiving chamber  140  to keep the toe magnet  142  in place therein, while allowing removal when desired. This may allow an animator to switch out magnets having different magnet pull strength, depending on the desired application. This can make creating animation and poses easier, especially when precise and/or delicate foot placement is required (e.g., animated walk cycles and other poses/animations that require the foot to be positioned just above the ground plane/surface without being pulled down to the near-contact surface due to the pull-force of the magnet). Further as part of this feature, the toe magnet  142  could be removed in its entirety if no magnetic force is needed and/or desired. In this respect, the cap  192  may further include an aperture  198  sized to selectively receive the insertion section  178  of the installation tool  16  for pass-through engagement with the underlying toe magnet  142 . The cap  192  may have a geometry that tracks the general geometry of the toe  30  as shown, wherein keyed reception of the keyed extension  194  into the keyed recess  196  ensures the correct orientation of the cap  192  into the magnet receiving chamber  140 . 
     Moreover, another feature of the animation puppet  10  as disclosed herein is a connector  200  ( FIG. 35 ) configured for engagement with the extension rig  152  ( FIGS. 37 and 43-48 ). The connector  200  is shown in  FIG. 35  formed from the pelvis  18 , but the connector  200  could be formed from one or more other parts, such as the abdomen chest  14  or the abdomen  16 . The connector  200  could be a socket as disclosed herein for friction fit engagement with a ball grip. Alternatively, the connector  200  could be a threaded channel for select threaded engagement with the extension rig  152 , such as with the rod  172 . 
     Although several embodiments have been described in detail for purposes of illustration, various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited, except as by the appended claims.