Patent Publication Number: US-10334510-B2

Title: Device network technology selection and display in multi-technology wireless environments

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a continuation of, and claims the benefit of priority to each of, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/536,404 entitled “DEVICE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND DISPLAY IN MULTI-TECHNOLOGY WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS,” filed on Nov. 7, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/253,582 entitled “DEVICE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND DISPLAY IN MULTI-TECHNOLOGY WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS,” filed on Apr. 15, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,909,287, issued on Dec. 9, 2014), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/911,475 entitled “DEVICE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND DISPLAY IN MULTI-TECHNOLOGY WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS,” filed on Jun. 6, 2013 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,738,073, issued on May 27, 2014), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/590,820, entitled “DEVICE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND DISPLAY IN MULTI-TECHNOLOGY WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS,” filed on Aug. 21, 2012 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,483,752, issued on Jul. 9, 2013), which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/254,704, entitled “DEVICE NETWORK TECHNOLOGY SELECTION AND DISPLAY IN MULTI-TECHNOLOGY WIRELESS ENVIRONMENTS,” filed Oct. 20, 2008 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,271,025, issued on Sep. 18, 2012). The entireties of each of the above noted applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The subject specification relates to wireless communications and, more particularly, to controlling and modifying device operation, network utilization and display when multiple services and radio network technologies are available. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Wireless network service providers often deploy and support multiple technology layers within service areas. Commonly, it is assumed incorrectly that newest radio technology is always best suited to serve most all or all new and legacy voice and data services on multi-technology capable mobile devices. While such an assumption may be accurate near middle to end of a radio network technology life-cycle, it rarely is accurate at the beginning of a radio technology layer deployment. Various aspects of an initial radio technology mitigate adequate service to most all or all new and legacy services, as the following examples reveal it. (i) Initial new-technology installations may lack support for legacy capabilities. (ii) Initial new-technology deployments may be incomplete and prone to faulty operation, and may cover substantially less than the entire service area. (iii) Initial new-technology capacity may lag mobile device growth and adoption; especially in cases where new wireless devices dominate sales growth as a result of legacy devices being perceived as démodé and relatively unattractive, particularly to early adopters. 
     From the perspective of a wireless service provider, commercial factors also affect deployment and adoption of new radio technologies, which can serve novel multi-technology devices. Uncontrollable legacy technology traffic de-growth may have substantial financial implications, and lead to business strategy changes to preserve market share, due to accelerated depreciation and writeoff of legacy equipment. To avert or control such risks, wireless network service providers often delay new radio technology launch until a commercial transition is ensured. The latter can result in additional radio technology deployment delays and costs that could be mitigated through better control of device behavior in the multi-technology wireless environments. 
     From the subscriber perspective, adoption and utilization of new radio technologies may is not always correlated with acquisition of multi-technology mobile devices that support new radio technologies. Subscribers with new multi-technology devices may or may not require, purchase, or benefit from services delivered through new radio network technology. 
     With respect to wireless devices, multi-technology mobile devices typically provide limited, if any, capabilities for customizable dynamic radio network selection. Generally, multi-technology devices posses fixed radio technology preference settings, or such settings can be adjusted on a per-operator basis, which narrows capabilities for radio network selection on a per device or per service basis. In addition, novel mobile devices are generally configured to preferentially exploit a radio network based on novel radio technology, which can lead to inefficient service provision since a novel radio technology is not necessarily best suited for a served customer or service. Moreover, in multi-technology mobile devices that support radio technology selection there is an increasing reliance upon wireless network control of and signaling to the mobile device, which can increase delays, processor load and ultimately degrade wireless network capacity. Furthermore, mobile devices that can utilize multiple technologies typically display an in-use radio technology only, which can fail to provide subscribers a rich representation of a wireless environment or service area in which the mobile device operates. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  illustrates an example wireless environment in which wireless coverage can be provided in accordance with aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of an example system to communicate with a multi-technology mobile station in accordance with a subscriber profile based on market, subscriber, and application policies for radio network technology utilization in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an example system that facilitate subscriber profile(s) update in accordance with aspects described herein. 
         FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate schematically subscriber segmentation for two disparate markets and network selection profile and display profile for a first type of subscriber type, respectively, in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. 
         FIG. 5  illustrates schematically example network selection profile and display profile for a second type of subscriber type in accordance with aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 6  is a block diagram of a mobile device that can exploit multiple radio technologies based at least in part on a network selection profile, and render technological indicator(s) as dictated through a display profile in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. 
         FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate example displays instances of a mobile device in accordance with a received display profile and user-device interaction as described in the subject specification. 
         FIG. 8  presents a flowchart of an example method for establishing a subscriber profile according to aspects of the subject specification. 
         FIG. 9  is a flowchart of an example method for updating a subscriber profile according to aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 10  is a flowchart of an example method for selecting a radio technology to operate a multi-technology wireless device in a multi-technology environment according to aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 11  is a flowchart of an example method for selecting a radio technology for idle mode operation according to aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 12  presents a flowchart of an example method for managing application behavior through a subscriber profile according to aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 13  presents a flowchart of an example method for releasing an application according to aspects described herein. 
         FIG. 14  is a block diagram of an example embodiment of a wireless network platform that can provide wireless coverage in accordance to various radio technology resources as dictated through network policies and subscriber profiles as described herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The subject specification is now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It may be evident, however, that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing the present invention. 
     As used in this application, the terms “component,” “system,” “platform,” “resource,” “layer,” “interface,” “constructor,” and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity or an entity related to an operational machine with one or more specific functionalities. The entities disclosed herein can be either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. For example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration, both an application running on a server and the server can be a component. One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. Also, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). 
     In addition, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” rather than an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise, or clear from context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. Moreover, articles “a” and “an” as used in the subject specification and annexed drawings should generally be construed to mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form. 
     Moreover, terms like “user equipment,” “mobile station,” “mobile,” subscriber station,” “subscriber equipment,” “access terminal,” “terminal,” “handset,” and similar terminology, refer to a wireless device utilized by a subscriber or user of a wireless communication service to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming, or substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream. The foregoing terms are utilized interchangeably in the subject specification and related drawings. Likewise, the terms “access point,” “base station,” “Node B,” “evolved Node B (eNode B),” “home Node B (HNB),” and the like, are utilized interchangeably in the subject application, and refer to a wireless network component or appliance that serves and receives data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming, or substantially any data-stream or signaling-stream from a set of subscriber stations. Data and signaling streams can be packetized or frame-based flows. 
     Furthermore, the terms “user,” “subscriber,” “customer,” “consumer,” “prosumer,” “agent,” and the like are employed interchangeably throughout the subject specification, unless context warrants particular distinction(s) among the terms. It should be appreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automated components supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacity to make inference based on complex mathematical formalisms) which can provide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth. As utilized herein, the term “prosumer” indicate the following contractions: professional-consumer and producer-consumer. 
     As described in greater detail below, the subject specification presents system(s) and method(s) to manage utilization of radio network technology and display thereof when multiple services and radio network technologies are available to a multi-technology mobile device. Management relies at least in part on a subscriber profile that comprises a network selection profile constructed through market policy, subscriber policy, and application policy for radio technology utilization. The network preference(s) profile is generated on a per subscriber, or per subscriber type, basis, and is conveyed to a subscriber station over the air. It is to be appreciated that a subscriber profile discriminate network technology settings in accordance to market, mode of operation, and type of application that is consumed in the mobile device. Accordingly, the subject specification enables a flexible radio network selection mechanism at the mobile device level based upon a per subscriber and per application type basis; radio technology preferences can be dynamically controlled on a per-call and/or per-application basis. 
     Display of radio network technology is based at least upon available radio technologies in a wireless environment wherein a multi-technology mobile device operates: After a set of one or more radio technologies are determined to be available, each technology in the set is displayed in the mobile device. Thus, the subject specification drive multi-technology devices to display in-use technology indications in addition to available radio technology, with the ensuing mitigation of incorrect subscriber perception of supported network technology in a service area. At least two advantages of management features, or aspects, of radio network selection and display described in the subject specification are the following. (1) Management does not depend upon complex wireless network platform features and signaling, and the management is therefore useful for per-call implementation that in conventional systems would be impractical. As a result, wireless service providers can shift network traffic between technologies without creating excessive signaling overhead, application conflicts and incorrect network technology coverage perception by the subscriber. These advantages can mitigate delay and related costs associated with radio technology deployment through lightweight management of device behavior with respect to radio technology selection and display in a multi-technology environment. (2) Radio technology display conveys available and allowed-to-operate radio network technologies, which represents a service-provider technology support indication, instead of display of an in-use radio technology. 
     The subject specification provides system(s) and method(s) to manage utilization of radio network technology and display thereof when multiple services and radio network technologies are available to a multi-technology mobile device. Management relies at least in part on a subscriber profile that comprises a network selection profile constructed through market policy, subscriber policy, and application policy for radio technology utilization. Network preference(s) profile is generated on per subscriber, or per subscriber type, basis and is conveyed to a subscriber station over the air. Initial subscriber profile can be delivered at a time of provisioning a multi-technology mobile device, and updated based at least upon subscriber demand, a schedule established by a network operator or service provider, or an event related to coverage area relocation or contracted services. Radio technology preferences can be controlled dynamically on a per-call and/or per-application basis. 
     Additionally, display of radio network technology is based at least on available radio technologies, as ascertained by a multi-technology device that operates in a multi-technology wireless environment. Once a set of one or more radio technologies are determined to be available in accordance with idle mode operation of the multi-technology mobile device, each technology in the set is displayed thereon. Thus, in an aspect of the subject specification, multi-technology devices display in-use technology indications in addition to available radio technology, which facilitates accurate subscriber perception of supported network technology in a service area. 
     Aspects, features, or advantages of the subject specification can be exploited in substantially any wireless communication technology; e.g., Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (Enhanced GPRS), Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE), Third Generation Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), or LTE Advanced. Additionally, substantially all aspects of the subject specification can include legacy telecommunication technologies. It should be appreciated that the illustrated selections for radio technology include 2G, 3G, and 4G. However, such selection portrays an illustrative example selection and is not intended as a limitation of the subject specification and related aspects thereof; any radio technology at substantially any deployment stage can be incorporated within the novel framework of radio technology selection set forth in the subject specification. 
     Referring to the drawings,  FIG. 1  illustrates an example wireless environment in which wireless coverage can be provided in accordance with aspects described herein. In example wireless environment  100 , a service provider network serves three markets  115   1 - 115   3  are illustrated as a set of coverage cells  120 , each cell served at least in part by a base station  130   λ  (λ=1, 2, 3). It should be appreciated that each market can include more that three coverage cells. The number of cells in each market generally depends on various factors such as geography (e.g., a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) or rural statistical area (RSA)), radio technology employed for wireless communication, likelihood of adoption of wireless service by prospective subscribers in a coverage cell, availability of radio frequency (RF) bands employed for wireless coverage by service network provider  105 , and so forth. Coverage cells  120  are illustrated as hexagons; however, coverage cells can adopt other geometries generally dictated by a deployment configuration or floor plan, geographic areas to be covered, and so on. An over-the-air wireless link  135   λ , associated with a base station  130   λ , facilitates coverage of mobile device  140   λ  through transport of signal(s) and traffic, the wireless link  135   λ  comprises a downlink (DL) and an uplink (UL), and it utilizes a predetermined band of the radio frequency spectrum. Disparate radio technologies utilized for wireless coverage typically utilize disparate RF bands; for instance, 3rd generation radio technology typically exploits a broader RF band than a 2nd generation radio technology does. A radio technology can exploit RF bands that are licensed (e.g., personal communication services (PCS), advanced wireless services (AWS), general wireless communications service (GWCS), and so forth) or unlicensed (e.g., the 2.4 GHz industrial, medical and scientific (IMS) band or one or more of the 5 GHz set of bands). 
     Base stations  130   λ  communicate mutually via backhaul pipes(s)  145 , and communicate with wireless network platform(s)  108  through broadband backhaul link(s)  165 . In an aspect, backhaul pipe(s)  145  and backhaul link  165  can include a wired backbone link (e.g., optical fiber backbone, twisted-pair line, T1/E1 phone line, a digital subscriber line (DSL) either synchronous or asynchronous, an asymmetric DSL, a coaxial cable . . . ), or a wireless link (e.g., a line of sight (LOS) link like a deep space link, or non-LOS wireless link). It is noted that a set of base stations, its associated electronics, circuitry or components, and a set of respective wireless links  135   λ  operated in accordance to a radio technology through the base stations, form a radio access network (RAN). 
     Wireless network platform(s)  108  facilitates circuit switched (CS)-based (e.g., voice and data) and packet-switched (PS) (e.g., internet protocol (IP), frame relay, or asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) traffic and signaling generation, and delivery and reception for networked telecommunication, in accordance with various radio technologies for disparate markets. In addition, wireless network platform(s)  108  control and manage base stations  130   λ  in disparate markets  115   λ  via, for example, a wireless network management component (e.g., a cellular gateway node). Moreover, wireless network platform(s) can integrate disparate networks (e.g., Wi-Fi network(s), femto cell network(s), broadband network(s), service network(s), enterprise network(s) . . . ) In cellular wireless technologies (e.g., 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM)), wireless network platform  108  in is embodied in a core network. In an aspect of the subject specification, to the accomplishment of wireless telecommunication and management thereof, wireless network platform(s) includes technology framework(s)  150 , which comprises components, e.g., nodes, reference points, gateways, and interfaces or reference points, that operate in accordance with a specific radio technology. Disparate markets are served through one or more disparate radio technologies as provided by technology framework(s)  150 . Such technologies can present disparate levels of development maturity in disparate markets. For example, (i) embryonic technology, which can be associated with experimental laboratory and field deployments in specific markets, likely associated with early adopters and premium customer segments; (ii) incipient technology with operation deployment in selected markets for selected subscriber segments; and (iii) operational with development of advanced features introduced; and mature, wherein operational development is concluded and telecommunication remains effected through a static set of features. Additionally, wireless network platform(s)  108  includes a network policy storage  160  that retains settings, or preferences, to communicate with a mobile device (e.g., user equipment  140   3 ) in accordance with at least one of a market (e.g., market  115   3 ) in which the mobile device(s) operate, a subscriber segment associated with the mobile device, or an application exploited by the mobile device. Network policy storage  160  also includes settings for device behavior with respect to display features of radio technologies available for communication. 
     It should be appreciated that the illustrated selections for radio technology include 2G (e.g., GSM), 3G (e.g., 3GPP UMTS, HSDPA), and 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) Advanced); however, such selection portrays an illustrative example selection and is not intended as a limitation of the subject specification and related aspects thereof. Any deployed radio technology at substantially any evolution stage can be included within network selection profile(s)  286  and display profile  287 . 
       FIG. 2  illustrates a block diagram of an example system  200  to communicate with a mobile station in accordance with a subscriber profile based on market, subscriber, and application policies for radio network technology utilization in accordance with aspects described herein. Wireless network platform  205  can exploit technology resources  210  to communicate wirelessly with a mobile device  295  through radio access network  285 ; specific operation of RAN  185  is dictated by a selected technology resource. Technology resources  155  are specific to a served market (e.g., market  115   2 ). The wireless communication is effected in accordance with a network selection profile  286 , which can determine a set of radio technology preferences based at least in part upon market type, subscriber type and application type. The network selection profile  286  is conveyed to a mobile device  295  over-the-air (OTA) through a base station within RAN  285  that serves the mobile device  295 . Radio technology preferences establish a utilization priority for disparate technology layers  215   1 - 215   J  (J is a positive integer) available within technology resources  210 . For a specific market, technology layers  215   1 - 215   J  are developed to disparate levels, and include components that operate in accordance with technology standards. In addition, each technology layer  215   κ  (κ=1, 2 . . . J) has a set of associated components within RAN  285  that operate in accordance with corresponding standards. 
     Network policy constructor  220  establishes a network selection profile  286 . To that end, network policy constructor  220  determines a set of policies that dictate utilization of technology resources  210  in accordance with a market, a subscriber, and application served. A first policy in the constructed set of policies is a market policy  248 . Construction of this policy, via network policy constructor  220 , can be based on market intelligence  270 , which includes economic, competitive, financial, marketplace and other non-technical indicators. Such indicators adopt values that are rarely ubiquitous among markets. As an example, economic indicators for a market encompassing an economically thriving region (as measured through unemployment rates, housing transactions . . . ) can suggest that the region is likely to adopt latest telecommunication technology. Competitive indicators can reveal a projected or actual degree of market share for a service provider regarding a specific radio technology with respect to established or new competitors. Financial indicators can convey a level of funds available to a service provider for development and deployment of new technologies. Marketplace indicators can identify and characterize disparate consumer segments in accordance with available intelligence on current or prospective subscribers which comprise a market. In addition, marketplace can include information on geographical locus of deployment (e.g., urban, metropolitan, or rural area) which can affect service offerings viability. Moreover, it should be appreciated that marketplace factors can be affected by seasonal influences such as climatic season(s), which can affect subscriber makeup within the marketplace, as it may be the case is geographic areas the realize large mobilization of a specific subscriber segments, e.g., retirees visiting Florida or Arizona during autumn and winter. Consumer intelligence can include information that characterizes history or behavior of a consumer and records of commercial and non-commercial activities involving a purchased product or service, or a combination thereof. As an illustration, marketplace indicators can rely on subscriber intelligence such as (i) usage and type of contracted wireless plans (e.g., voice, data, voice and data; residential or business, etc.), including add-on features; (ii) demographics such as age groups, commercial transaction(s) history and associated metrics (e.g., credit history, credit score), and education level, which can reflect level of technological savvy and willingness to contract new services and mobile devices and exploit new radio technologies, and socioeconomic segment; (iii) cultural background (e.g., ethnicity, religion, cross-cultural exposure, . . . ) which can substantially favorably or detrimentally influence consumption of specific types of applications, and so on. 
     Market intelligence  270  can be collected by a service provider and retained within an enterprise memory platform (not shown). In addition, market policy  248  is based upon technology intelligence  280 , which includes information on deployment conditions and development, or evolution, stages of technology layers  215   κ  available to wireless network platform  205  to serve a market. It should be appreciated that the level of evolution of each technology layer  215   κ  can influence coverage, capabilities, and capacity of various new and legacy network technologies. 
     As an example, market intelligence  270  and technology intelligence  280  can reveal that a service provider has a surplus 3rd generation (3G) telecommunication capacity (e.g., a substantive deployment of base stations with multiple antennas that facilitate multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) communication) in a market and thus wireless network platform  205  can prefer to serve most traffic through a technology layer that provides 3G telecommunication. As another example, network policy constructor  220  can determine a market has relegated development of a 3G technology resource (e.g., technology layers  215   J-M - 215   J , with M a positive integer lesser than J) and invested substantially in 4th generation (4G) telecommunication capacity (e.g., development of protocols within the scope of 4G technology and associated standardization, as well as development of electronic circuitry and appliances that operate with such protocols). Thus, for such a market, a wireless network platform  205  can prefer 4G telecommunication to serve a subscriber. 
     In an aspect of the subject specification, a market policy  248  includes a dynamically adjustable set of preference settings that convey preferences of network technology, or radio technology, to be adopted in a served mobile device  295  and utilized for wireless communication; preference settings defined and adjusted on a per-market basis. It should be appreciated that a market policy can include preference settings for multiple markets. It should further be appreciated that the dynamic nature of adjustments to radio technology preference settings can be based at least in part on scheduled events, such as market roaming, service and maintenance, or technology resources redeployment, which can include upgrades or additions to components within one or more technology layers or base stations and electronic circuitry within a RAN. It should further yet be appreciated that a number of market policies per subscriber can be dictated, at least in part, upon operational features of a served mobile device  295 , associated storage capabilities (e.g., subscriber identification module (SIM) storage capabilities, universal integrated circuit card (UICC) storage capabilities, or removable user identity module (RUIM)), and mobility aspects of the subscriber like inter-market or inter-service network provider visitation history, or international roaming history. A market-specific code or token that identifies a market policy can be broadcast by wireless base stations deployed as part of a RAN (RAN  285 ) through signaling  288 ; the broadcast can proceed in accordance with one or more communication standards of the various radio technologies supported through technology resources  210 . 
     A second policy in the constructed set of policies is a subscriber policy  251 . Network policy constructor  220  can establish this policy based at least in part on information retained in subscriber data store  262 . Data on subscriber(s) can reveal relationship(s) between subscriber equipment and contracted service, rate plan, and service usage that may not be straightforwardly justifiable or logical from a perspective of network technology resources  210 . As an example, a subscriber may purchase a 4G mobile device for a feature that enhances user-device interaction (e.g., touch-based gestures to command the mobile device), instead of substantive data rates or speed germane to 4G radio technology. Particularly, such illustrative subscriber may consume wireless services that are better served on 3G or 2G. Each subscriber, or subscriber segment or type, can be associated at the wireless network platform level with a dynamically adjustable set of desired network technology, or radio technology preferences to be adopted in a mobile device  295 . Such set of preference settings can facilitate substantially maximum network efficiency, which is typically achieved when subscriber usage is served through a most suitable network technology resources  210 . Utilization of substantially optimal technology layers  215   κ  to serve a subscriber can mitigate unnecessary bandwidth occupation, excessive signaling, and so forth. 
     In an aspect, to achieve a subscriber policy that promotes substantially optimal wireless network platform performance during a telecommunication, the set of radio technology preference setting(s) and associated network selection behavior can be based upon at least one of a subscriber rate plan(s), or a service level agreement(s) (e.g., guaranteed bitrate, minimum/maximum bitrate, average bitrate, DL or UL bit error rate(s), packet error rate(s), or block error rate(s); DL or UL packet loss rate; link loss/recovery rate, traffic delay or latency . . . ) and resulting quality of service (QoS) expectations, which are a part of subscriber perceived service experience. 
     In addition, a subscriber policy can be linked to a display profile  287  delivered OTA to mobile device  295  that conveys technology indicator(s), or descriptor(s), which controls display of available technology resources for communication to a subscriber that utilizes mobile device  295 . In an aspect, profile constructor can establish a display profile based at least in part upon technology intelligence  280 . It is to be noted that conventional wireless communication networks direct mobile device(s) to render in-use radio technology rather than radio technology(ies) available to the mobile device(s). In another aspect, an end-user perception of value-added can be influenced and modulated through radio technology indicators to be displayed in a mobile device  295 . In yet another aspect, display profile  287  can be independent of the market (e.g., market  115   λ ) in which mobile device  295  operates. 
     A third policy in the constructed set of policies is an application policy  254 . Network policy constructor  220  can determine such policy based at least in part on information retained in application intelligence  266 . Applications can include applications present in a set of server(s) installed within wireless network platform  205 , or data services provided by external networks (not shown). Application intelligence  266  can include information on configuration of application pushed to a served wireless station like mobile device  295 , such information can be acquired during provisioning or an update of the served wireless device. Additionally, application type such as voice only, data only, or voice and data; application character like circuit-switched (CS) traffic or packet-switched (PS) traffic; application requirements such as maximum tolerated delay(s), degree of data integrity like tolerated packet loss, and so forth. Moreover, historic information on the frequency and type of applications primarily utilized by an end user of the served wireless device can be included in application intelligence  266 ; for instance, such information can be collected through signaling  288 , when a packet data protocol (PDP) context is authorized and created via a gateway node (not shown) within wireless network platform  205 . It should be appreciated that various wireless application requirements may be supported on a single or multiple network technologies (e.g., technology layers  215   1 - 215   J ) at a any specific time during operation of wireless network platform  205 ; a timeline can affect radio technology offerings to cover mobile device  295  as deployment of additional technology resources  210  can be implement, or development of one or more technology layers  215   κ  can be conducted. As an example, voice applications may be supported initially on 3G and 2G radio technology, as deployed technology layers  215   κ  can provide such level of coverage, and 4G, 3G and 2G at a later time after additional technology resources are deployed. As another example, voice applications, or calls, can be served via legacy CS facilities, 3G as embodied in voice over internet protocol (VoIP) over HSDPA, or 4G as embodied in LTE Advanced, as 3G and 4G become available radio technology through development and deployment of suitable technology layers  215   κ . As an alternative or additional, example, application that concomitantly delivers voice and data may be supported initially on 3G radio technology substantially exclusively, while 4G and 3G coverage can be added at a later instance of wireless network platform  205  development. As yet another example, real-time data applications with extremely substantially tight latency, or delay, requirements may be adequately served through 4G technology resources exclusively. In the subject specification, application policy  254  includes a set of dynamically adjustable set of desired network technology, or radio technology, preference settings to be adopted in a served wireless device. For applications supportable on a single technology, a “preference setting” can be reduced to, or be represented by, an “admission flag,” wherein a data service request (e.g., creation of a PDP context via signaling  288 ) set forth by wireless network platform or mobile device  295  can be rejected in the mobile device  295  when a required radio technology is unavailable; availability or lack thereof can be probed at the wireless device level through control scans of a radio signal environment. 
     Based upon network selection profile  286  and display profile  287 , profile constructor  230  can compile, or establish, a subscriber profile. A simple subscriber profile may contain network selection preferences for home market (e.g., market  115   1 ), home provider and Roaming (e.g., markets  115   2  and  115   3 ). A complex subscriber profile (e.g., for a frequent traveler who visits disparate markets at a high rate) can include network selection preferences for a home market (e.g., market  115   1 ) and each visited market (e.g., markets  115   2  and  115   3 ) within a same service provider network or a disparate service network provider. Subscriber profile at the subscriber level can be identified through at least one of an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI), an international mobile equipment identifier (IMEI), a mobile directory number (MDN), a mobile identification number (MIN), or a multi-bit identification number like the mobile identity number (MEID). It is noted that substantially any code or token that uniquely identifies a subscriber or a mobile device associated therewith can be employed to identify a subscriber profile. As an example scenario, profile constructor  230  can compile a simple initial profile that is aggregated with additional network selection preferences and technology descriptor(s) related to a visited market: Upon arrival in a new market (for example, revealed through a Location Area/Routing Area update procedure completion), an additional set of network preference settings and display profile can be created for the subscriber. Such subscriber profile(s) can be retained in a memory element  258  within memory  240 . Memory element  258  can be a part of a conventional home location register (HLR), or it can reside within a memory platform external, or offline, to wireless network platform  205 . 
     It is noted that in example system  200 , wireless network platform  205  includes, or is functionally connected to, a processor configured to confer at least in part the described functionality of the various components included in the wireless network platform  205 . The processor (not shown) can execute code instructions (not shown) stored in memory  240 , or a memory component thereon, to provide the described functionality. It should be appreciated that the processor can be a centralized element or be distributed among the various referenced components. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an example system  300  that facilitate subscriber profile(s) update in accordance with aspects described herein. Network selection profile  286  and display profile  287  can be delivered to a subscriber station (e.g., mobile device  295 ) during provisioning of thereof, and as schedule-based or event-based changes occur. To facilitate delivery of a subscriber profile—network selection profile  286  and display profile  287 —, profile update component  305  is functionally connected to memory element  258  or a storage platform that retains subscriber profile(s). Profile update component  305  includes gateway node(s)  310  and an update server  320 , which can be an application server(s) such as a wireless application protocol (WAP) server, or a web server. Gateway node(s)  310  and update server  320  embody a dedicated data pipe to push subscriber profile updates OTA to subscriber(s). In addition, such connectivity can facilitate to receive trigger indication(s) (e.g., a short message service (SMS), a reserved bit in a frame of a control channel or in a packet header, a multi-bit word communicated in a control channel . . . ) from a mobile device  295  through signaling  330  to update a subscriber profile(s) upon mobility (e.g., inter-market roaming). It should be appreciated that signaling  330  can include signaling  288 . In an aspect, updates to subscriber profile(s)  258  can be delivered either via (i) existing SMS mechanisms utilized for legacy roaming profiles or (ii) network-initiated PDP across profile update component  305 , and the dedicated data pipe components comprised therein. In scenario (i), an SMS Wakeup/WAP Push message is conveyed to mobile device  295 , upon such message is acknowledged via signaling  330 , update server  320  pushes subscriber profile updates to mobile device  295 . In scenario (ii), when an update trigger indication is received, gateway node(s)  310  authenticates the trigger indication and generates a PDP context with an access point name (APN) anchored in gateway node(s)  310  and associated with update server  320  as a packet data network. Once the update PDP context is active, profile update component  305  conveys an updated network selection profile  286  and display profile  287  to mobile device  295  through RAN  285  and associated wireless link  135 . 
     Completed updates can be acknowledged (e.g., via ACK indication, one or more reserved bits in a packet header, a light-payload (e.g., 1-3 bytes) data packet, a predetermined multi-bit word conveyed in a radio frame within a control channel . . . ) through signaling  330  by a mobile station (e.g., mobile device  295 ) that receives the update, and the acknowledgement collected by profile updated component  305 . In the absence of an ACK indication, profile update component  305  can employ various retry mechanisms until update confirmation is received, or the profile update component  305  logs a “failed update” flag in memory  240  after a predetermined number of retry attempts. Subscriber profile updates can be effected on-demand (whereby customer service intervention conveys an update trigger indication, for example); scheduled in accordance with predetermined times set by update server  320  or other network management component within wireless network platform  205 ; or event-based (upon arrival in a new market, for example). Illustrative example events that can trigger subscriber profile updates include, but are not limited to, changes in the following aspects: (i) market network capability or technology resources support; (ii) subscriber rate plan or usage profile; (iii) capacity migration and marketing plans; and (iv) subscriber relocation to a new market. To reduce loading and complexity of a wireless network platform  205 , subscriber profiles and updates thereof can be delivered only for a served market: A change to a served market policy can be sent real-time or as per schedule, while non-served market policy updates can be sent upon market arrival only. At least two advantages of such update mechanism are to (1) eliminate unnecessary data traffic (for example, in case(s) a subscriber rarely visits a changed market) and (2) randomize, or uncorrelated, timing of updates so data traffic “spikes” are less likely to be generated by massive subscriber profile changes. 
     It is noted that in example system  300 , wireless network platform  205  includes, or is functionally connected to, a processor configured to confer at least in part the described functionality of the various components included in the wireless network platform  205 . The processor (not shown) can execute code instructions stored in memory  240 , or a memory component thereon, to provide the described functionality. It should be appreciated that the processor can be a centralized element or be distributed among the various referenced components. 
       FIGS. 4A and 4B  illustrate schematically example subscriber segmentation for two disparate markets and network selection profile and display profile for a first type of subscriber type, respectively, in accordance with aspects described herein. With respect to  FIG. 4A , In diagram  400 , a first market M A    410  serves a set of subscribers that can be grouped in three illustrative segments  415   1 - 415   3  ordered in categories of decreasing commercial value to a service provider; segment  1   415   1  encompasses category A, or high-end subscribers that consume a substantive number of data services and provide substantial revenue. It should be appreciated that subscriber segmentation is facilitated by information retained in subscriber data store  262 . In the subject illustrative scenario, market M A    410  possess an operational, yet immature, deployment of 4G network technology resources and is a home market for subscribers in segment  1   415   1 . For subscriber on segment  1   415   1 , an associated network selection profile(s)  426  includes preference settings for radio technology utilization, and display profile(s)  427  conveys technology descriptors that dictate display behavior or subscriber stations for end users in segment  1   415   1 . 
     Additionally, a second market M B    430  with mature deployed 4G technology resources encompasses four subscriber segments  435   1 - 435   4 . Segment  1   435   1  is a high-end category of subscribers. In an aspect, a source of a fourth subscriber segment in market M B    430  can be a section of a marketplace associated with retired individuals that contract wireless services other the conventional voice telephony like wireless broadband connectivity, such services can be employed for social networking. In an aspect, network selection profile(s)  446  can be an aggregate of network selection profile(s)  426  and radio technology preference settings adequate for efficient communication in market M B    430  and display profile(s). Display profile(s)  447  can be an aggregate of technological indicator(s) in display profiles(s)  427  or it can be a substantially unchanged profile of technological descriptor(s). 
       FIG. 4B  is a depiction of an example network selection profile  455  for a subscriber within a high-end, top-category subscriber segment in accordance with aspects described herein. Network selection profile  455  is the result of aggregation of a network selection profile for first market M A    410  and second market M B    430 . Each market entry in network selection profile  455  reveals a service operator indication (“Operator A”) and a market code M v  with v=A, B. For each market, a “Mode” tier includes a set of preference settings ordered in accordance with priority. In case of market M A , telecommunication in idle mode  458   A  is preferred to take place through 2G technology layer(s), e.g., a served mobile device is to camp in one or more 2G technology layers, unless such technology resources are unavailable, in which case 3G and 4G radio technology resources should be employed. In active mode, a set of radio technology preference settings is conveyed for “Application Type,” wherein voice only communication  461   A  is preferred to exploit 2G radio technology, followed by 3G and 4G; voice and data application(s)  463   A  is to be effected through 3G, 4G, and 2G radio technologies; and radio technology preferences for data only application(s) can be further distinguished into non-real time service preferences  465   A  which indicate to exploit 3G technology first and 4G and 2G subsequently, and real-time service preferences  467   A  which convey to employ 4G technology resources, followed by 3G and 2G radio technologies. In addition, display profile  475  can be market agnostic, with technology descriptor(s)  478  and  481  for mobile device idle and active mode, respectively, indicating to display substantially all available technologies (e.g., 4G, 3G, and 2G) that wireless network platform can employ for wireless communication. 
     It is to be noted that network selection profile  455  and display profile  475  can be formatted in accordance with various schemas, such as hypertext markup language (HTML) and extensible markup language (XML) and variants (e.g., state chart XML (SCXML)), that are portable among computing platforms, wireless (e.g., a portable computer or mobile device) or otherwise, and object-oriented computing languages employed by a wireless device such as Delphi, Visual Basic, Python, Perl, Java, C++, and C#, and circuitry programming level languages such as Verilog. 
     Network selection profile(s)  286  and display profile(s)  287  are management instruments for mobile device operation that do not rely on substantive network signaling, and thus can reduce mean processor load and peak processor load within control-plane gateway and serving nodes, as well as control-plane server(s). 
       FIG. 5  is a diagram  500  of an example network selection profile and display profile for a second type of subscriber in market M A    410 , which possess an operational, yet immature, 4G radio technology network. As an example, the subscriber can be within low-end segment  3   415   3 , a have a low level of service consumption and thus revenue generation for a service provider. In accordance with network selection profile  555 , radio technology preferences for idle mode include 2G as a priority selection, followed by 3G and 4G. For active mode, voice only application(s), preference settings  561   A  dictate to execute the application via 2G radio technology primarily, and 3G and 4G in case 2G bandwidth and capacity is heavily utilized at a time the voice application is launched. For voice and data application(s), selection preference  563   A  sets forth 3G radio technology as a priority resource, and 4G and 2G as subsequent choices; it is to be noted that 2G technology resource(s) is assigned the least priority since the application involves data traffic in addition to voice. It is to be noted that since the subscriber is in a low-end segment, network selection profile includes a modifier (OPT) that prompts the subscriber to accept medium per-use (e.g., a session, or a predetermined time interval) data charges for utilization of 3G radio technology resources. In case of data-only application(s), for non-real time data service(s), network selection profile  555  indicates 3G as a first choice, and 4G and 2G as second and third choices. A modifier entry in the profile is also included in the network selection profile to facilitate to prompt the subscriber to accept medium per-use data charges. For real-time data service(s), preference settings  567   A  prioritize 4G radio technology, with 3G and 2G radio resources completing the three-tier preference. A modifier entry in the profile prompts the subscriber to accept high per-use data charges to benefit from available 4G technology layers that serve market M A    410 . 
     With respect to display profile  575 , for the low-end subscriber in segment  3   415   3  of market M A    410 , in idle mode a mobile station is to display an indicator for 2G radio technology resources, while for active mode of operation, an in-use network is to be displayed. In addition to the 2G technology indicator, in view of the modifier entries (OPT), a served wireless device displays prompt(s) for premium services within a network display indicator. Accordingly, a subscriber within segment  415   3  is made aware explicitly of a lack of subscribed, or contracted, premium data services. 
     It is to be noted that selection of idle mode radio technology preferences can be dictated by battery draw characteristics of a mobile device for disparate radio technologies within radio resources  210  available to a wireless network platform  205 . Regardless of such selection, ad discussed above, radio technology is adapted to a radio technology compatible with preferences established within a network selection profile  286  for active mode when a call (e.g., voice call or data session, or both) start. Typically, such characteristics are substantially noticeable among disparate radio technologies. Idle mode radio technology selection preferences can be prioritized to promote idle-mode camping on a most battery-efficient radio technology. For example, in a market M v , for a subscriber segment comprised primarily of early adopters, 2G (e.g., GSM) technology can be the only radio technology preferred for idle mode operation for a new type of mobile device known to exhibit substantive battery draw in other radio technologies. Generally, irrespective of market or subscriber segment, idle mode battery issues known for specific mobile devices can be addressed at least in part within the subject specification, through proper selection of idle mode radio preferences. It should be appreciated, however, that one or more type of wireless devices can be most insensitive to idle mode battery drain characteristics, in which case(s) idle mode radio technology preferences do not depend upon battery-efficiency considerations. 
     It is to be further noted that in the example network selection profile for low-end subscriber, network selection is substantially the same as high-end. A reason for such profile aspect is to exploit or chose a most efficient network in order to minimize operational cost(s) and service(s) price points for high-end and low-end subscribers. The operational difference in the subscriber plane is in end-user interface and feedback. 
       FIG. 6  is a block diagram of an embodiment  600  of a mobile device that can exploit multiple radio technologies based at least in part on a network selection profile, and display technological indicator(s) as dictated at least in part through a display profile in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. In an aspect, mobile device  610  embodies mobile device  295 . In mobile device  610 , which can operate in multi-technology multimode, a set of antennas  669   1 - 669   K  (K is a positive integer) can receive and transmit signal(s) from and to wireless devices like base stations, access terminals, wireless ports and routers, and so forth, that operate in a radio access network, e.g., RAN  285 . It should be appreciated that antennas  669   1 - 669   K  are a part of communication platform  605 , which comprises electronic components and associated circuitry that provide for processing and manipulation of received signal(s) and signal(s) to be transmitted. In an aspect of the subject specification, communication platform  605  can receive a network selection profile(s)  679  and a display profile(s)  677 , which are part of a subscriber profile, and retain, through processor  665 , the network selection profile(s)  679  and display profile(s)  677  in memory  675 . In addition, communication platform  605  can acknowledge a received subscriber profile and can convey an indication to update the received subscriber profile in accordance with aspects described hereinbefore in connection with mobile device operation in example systems  200  and  300 . 
     In an aspect, communication platform  605  includes receiver(s)/transmitter(s)  606  that can convert signal from analog to digital upon reception, and from digital to analog upon transmission. In addition, receiver/transmitter  606  can divide a single data stream into multiple, parallel data streams, or perform the reciprocal operation; such operations typically conducted in various multiplexing schemes. Functionally coupled to receiver(s)/transmitter(s)  606  is a multiplexer/demultiplexer (mux/demux) component  607  that facilitates manipulation of signal in time and frequency space. Electronic mux/demux component  607  can multiplex information (data/traffic and control/signaling) according to various multiplexing schemes such as time division multiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), space division multiplexing (SDM). In addition, mux/demux component  667  can scramble and spread information (e.g., codes) according to substantially any code; e.g., Hadamard-Walsh codes, Baker codes, Kasami codes, polyphase codes, and so on. A modulator/demodulator (mod/demod) component  668  is also a part of communication platform  605 , and can modulate information according to various modulation techniques, such as frequency modulation (e.g., frequency-shift keying), amplitude modulation (e.g., M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), with M a positive integer; amplitude-shift keying (ASK)), phase-shift keying (PSK), and the like. In an aspect of embodiment  600 , mod/demod component  608  is functionally coupled to mux/demux component  667 . In embodiment  600 , processor  635  facilitates, at least in part, mobile  610  to process data (e.g., symbols, bits, or chips) for multiplexing/demultiplexing, modulation/demodulation, such as implementing direct and inverse fast Fourier transforms, selection of modulation rates, selection of data packet formats, inter-packet times, etc. 
     In embodiment  600 , multimode chipset(s)  645  allows mobile  610  to operate in multiple communication modes through various radio network technologies (e.g., 2G, 3G, 4G . . . ) in accordance with disparate technical specifications, or standard protocols, for the radio network technologies. In particular, multimode operation chipset(s)  615  utilizes communication platform  605  in accordance with the standard protocols specific to a mode of operation. In another aspect, multimode operation chipset(s)  615  can be scheduled to operate concurrently (e.g., when K&gt;1) in various modes or within a multitask paradigm. A technology selector  615  can operate, or drive operation of, multimode chipset(s)  645  through selection and realization of one or more radio network technologies for communication in a specific telecommunication mode. In an aspect of the subject specification, as described above, selection of a technology resource is dictated at least in part via network selection profile(s)  679 , which can be retrieved from memory  675  by technology selector  615  in order to implement network selection preferences. It is to be noted that technology selector  615  can exploit fail-safe algorithm(s)  683  when memory  675  fails to retain display profile(s)  677  and network selection profile(s)  679 . 
     It is to be noted that technology selector  615  dictates, at least in part, the behavior of mobile device  610  in active mode without substantive reliance on wireless platform network signaling. To adopt a radio technology in accordance with a network preference setting, radio technology availability is to be ascertained, which can be effected in idle mode. In an aspect of the subject specification, scanner component  625  determines available radio technologies in at least three modes: (a) Passive, (b) active, and (c) hybrid. In (a), scanner component  625  can periodically scan all capable technologies and EM radiation bands (e.g., RF bands, microwave bands . . . ) in order to ascertain radio technology availability within a wireless environment; the period of each scan can be determined in operation algorithm(s) (not shown) retained in memory  675 . A scan includes detection of pilot signal(s) received from a wireless network platform through a radio access network (e.g., RAN  235 ). Pilot signal strength measured per band or per channel can be contrasted with minimum radio link quality, or signal strength, criteria received through broadcast system-information messages for idle mode camping or cell synchronization. It should be appreciated that, in an aspect, signal strength and channel quality can be determined through measurements over a set of time-frequency resources of signal-to-noise ratio(s) (SNRs), signal-to-interference ratio(s) (SINRs) or signal-to-noise-and-interference ratio. Mobile device  610 , through scanner component  625  can determine whether a radio technology is available in accordance with the foregoing criteria as described in standard protocol(s) for a radio technology layer(s). In particular, for a radio technology, most any measured pilot signal with adequate signal strength and quality that meets broadcast system information messages is to be deemed available. In (b), radio scannings are mitigated. As opposed to active mode (e.g., blind scanning, and decoding, of all radio resources of a serving network), in passive mode scanner component  625  can exploit system information broadcast messages conveyed by a radio technology that serves mobile device  610  to drive or streamline radio scanning(s) to establish radio technology availability. As an example, a 2G radio technology (e.g., GSM) can convey in a broadcast channel, for a specific coverage area (e.g., a sector or cell), information related to neighbor cells that operate in disparate technologies like 3G (e.g., 3GPP UMTS) or 4G (e.g., LTE Advanced). Thus, scanner component  625  ascertains available radio technologies in the wireless environment of the coverage area without execution of a radio scanning. Hybrid mode (c) exploits system information received in broadcast messages to drive, or streamline, a radio scanning to ascertain radio technology availability. It should be appreciated that hybrid mode of operation can be effected when broadcasted system information fails to unambiguously deliver information that reveal one or more available radio technologies in a wireless environment. At least one advantage of passive and hybrid modes is mitigation of mobile device battery drain and ensuing extension of battery life, particularly when supported by system information broadcast messages from legacy technologies. Scanner component  625  can retain availability indicators (not shown) in memory  675 . Scanner component  625  can convey available technology layer(s) to technology selector  615  in order to implement network selection preferences as provided in network selection profile(s)  679 . Additionally, scanner component  625  can convey via processor  665  available radio technologies to display interface  635 . 
     Mobile device  610  also includes a functional platform  655  that comprises a set of components (not shown) that provide, at least in part, one or more specific functionalities that complement or supplement wireless communication. As an example, in a case mobile device  610  is a telephone, functional component includes functional elements such as a data entry interface (e.g., a keyboard, a biometric pad for biometric-based access, a microphone, a loud speaker . . . ), a camera, peripheral connectors (e.g., a USB port for transferring data to a disparate device), a voice coder-decoder (vocoder), and so on. It should be appreciated that functional platform  655  can exploit applications stored in application(s) storage  681  within memory  675  to provide one or more functionalities. In an aspect of the subject specification, technology selector  615  can exploit one or more drivers in application(s) storage  681  to interface with functional platform  655 , via processor  665 , to properly realize and execute radio technology and application(s) combinations in mobile device  610 . 
     As indicated above, functionality of mobile device can rely at least in part on execution of a set of one or more applications retained in application(s) storage  681 ; processor  665  can be configured to initiate, launch, or terminate execution of the set of applications. In an aspect of the subject specification, mobile device  610  can exploit application combinations within a single radio technology in accordance at least in part to network selection profile(s)  679 . When mobile device  610 , via processor  665 , launches multiple simultaneous applications that have disparate network selection priorities, mobile device  610  selects a single radio technology that suits all launched application and represents substantially the substantially best performance compromise. For example, a combination of a voice-only application with radio technology preference setting {2G, 3G, 4G} with a real-time data-only call with {4G, 3G, 2G} preference settings can be best served on 3G technology resources, which can support both application types. 
     In an aspect of the subject specification, technology selector  615  can implement cost-utility analysis to determine which radio technology, or technology layer(s), provides a substantially best performance. To that end, technology selector  615  can exploit artificial intelligence (AI) methods to infer (e.g., reason and draw a conclusion based upon a set of metrics, arguments, or known outcomes in controlled scenarios) suitable technology layer(s) that provide efficient service of applications with disparate network selection preferences. Artificial intelligence techniques typically apply advanced mathematical algorithms—e.g., decision trees, neural networks, regression analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) for feature and pattern extraction, cluster analysis, genetic algorithm, or reinforced learning—to a data set; e.g., the collected subscriber intelligence in the case of subscriber segmentation. 
     In particular, to select a radio technology with a favorable cost-utility metric, technology selector  615  can employ one of numerous methodologies for learning from data and then drawing inferences from the models so constructed. For example, Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) and related prototypical dependency models can be employed. General probabilistic graphical models, such as Dempster-Shafer networks and Bayesian networks like those created by structure search using a Bayesian model score or approximation can also be utilized. In addition, linear classifiers, such as support vector machines (SVMs), non-linear classifiers like methods referred to as “neural network” methodologies, fuzzy logic methodologies can also be employed. 
     In another aspect related to application(s) utilization, upon initiation or launch of application(s), mobile device  610  can change radio technology in accordance to application type preferences, or requirements, established in network selection profile(s)  679 . As an example, in illustrative network selection profiles  455  and  555 , radio technologies {4G, 3G, 2G} have been set forth for data-only real-time, or streaming, services. Accordingly, in an aspect, mobile device can autonomously leave 2G idle mode, for example, and initiate a data session on 4G technology unless unavailable, in which case 3G technology takes precedence over 2G technology. The device will therefore not require nor follow a technology-specific directed retry or redirect message from the idle mode network to the target network. 
     In accordance to idle mode behavior requirements for network selection, mobile device  610 , e.g., through scanner component  625 , is to be aware of available technologies at most all or all times. In a scenario in which a requested application type can operate with a single predetermined radio technology, and such required technology is unavailable, mobile device  610  can block application(s) access attempts and provide subscriber notification. At least another advantage of management of application launch as described herein is that mobile device  610  can administer launch of an application without reliance on signaling from a serving wireless network platform, which reduces the wireless network platform operational burden. As a non-limiting illustration, a voice and data network selection preference setting may include 3G technology only; thus, mobile device  610  can block execution of such applications at the device level when 3G radio technology is not available. 
     In a further aspect related to application execution, when an application is released, mobile device  610  can autonomously return to operation in idle mode in the highest priority radio technology that is available; the highest priority dictated by network selection profile(s)  679 . At least an advantage of such release mechanism is that mobile  610  device neither requires nor follows a radio technology-specific channel release from a serving wireless network platform; thus, signaling there from and load thereof are reduced. When the idle mode radio technology is same as a radio technology prior the application launch, and mobile device  610  remains to operate within an original location like a cell, or sector within a cell, and thus has the same LAC and RAC, the mobile device  610  will not initiate location area update (LAU) or routing area update (RAU) procedure(s). Conversely, when mobile device  610  relocates to a different sector, cell, or market, mobile device  610  can initiate LAU or RAU to ensure proper delivery and paging of incoming calls. 
     Display interface  635 , which also can reside within functional platform  655 , facilitates gestures for subscriber-device interaction via at least one of a screen (e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma panel, a monolithic thin-film based electrochromic display . . . ), a sound interface, and so forth. Additionally, display interface  635  can render content(s) that (i) control functionality of mobile device  610  as available in functional platform  655 , or (ii) reveal operation conditions thereof. With respect to the latter, in an aspect, display interface  635  can convey technology indicator(s), or descriptor(s), in accordance at least in part with display profile(s)  677 , as described herein. Display interface  635  can indicate available technology as opposed to display only in-use radio technology as performed in conventional mobile devices. When display profile(s)  677  allows, all available technologies can be displayed on the device, otherwise a profile-specified subset can be displayed. It should be appreciated that display interface  635  exploits information on radio resource(s) availability that is extracted from one or more of scanner component  625  modes of operation; namely, active, passive, or hybrid. 
     To facilitate operation of mobile device  610  in a multi-technology environment in accordance with aspects described herein, as indicated supra, memory  675  can retain subscriber-specific network selection profile(s)  679  and display profile(s)  677 . In an aspect, memory  675  is at least in part a subscriber-specific removable computer-readable storage medium such as for example a SIM, which can be relocated between mobile devices in order to port display and network selection preferences. Memory  675  also retains fail-safe algorithm(s)  683  that facilitate operation of mobile device  610  when radio technologies deemed preferred are not available, or technology selector  615  is faulty or unavailable in a mobile device. As an example, when memory  675  is at least in part a removable computer-readable medium and it is replaced in a mobile device that fails to support multi-technology operation via network selection profile(s)  679 , a processor that provides at least a portion of functionality of the mobile device can execute the fallback fail-safe algorithm(s)  683  to operate the mobile device in a default mode. In another aspect, fail-safe algorithm(s)  683  also facilitates operation and wireless communication of mobile device  610  via legacy radio technology layer(s). 
     Additionally, memory  675  can store data structures (e.g., metadata); code structure(s) (e.g., modules, objects, classes, procedures) or instructions, or substantially any type of software or firmware that processor  665  can execute to provide functionality associated with substantially any component, platform, interface, selector and so forth, within mobile  610 , in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. Moreover, memory  655  can also retain (not shown) network or device information like specifications, address book(s); code sequences for scrambling, spreading, blind decoding hypothesis, semi-persistent scheduling parameters, pilot signal(s) (e.g., reference signal(s)); frequency offsets, cell IDs, and so on. Furthermore, memory  675  also can retain content(s) (e.g., multimedia files, subscriber-generated data); security credentials (e.g., passwords, encryption keys, digital certificates, biometric reference indicators like voice recordings, iris patterns, fingerprints); hardware indentifying tokens such as IMSI, a serial product number such as MEID and the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) electronic serial number (ESN); and so forth. 
     Mobile  610  also includes a processor  665  configured to confer functionality, at least in part, to substantially any component, platform, interface, selector and so forth, within mobile  610 , in accordance with aspects of the subject specification. In embodiment  600 , processor  635  is illustrated as external to the various functional elements (e.g., components, interfaces, platforms, selectors . . . ) of mobile  610 ; however, processor  635  can be distributed across such various functional elements. In addition, processor  635  is functionally coupled (e.g., through a memory bus) to memory  655  in order to store and retrieve information such as code instructions, data structures, etc., necessary to operate and/or confer functionality, at least in part, to communication platform  605 , technology selector  615 , multimode chipset(s)  645 , scanner component  625 , display interface  635 , functional platform  655  and component therein, and other operational components (not shown) of multimode mobile  610 . 
       FIGS. 7A and 7B  illustrate example display instances of a mobile device in accordance with a received display profile (e.g., display profile  475 ) and end-user-device interaction. In  FIG. 7A , diagram  700  presents a display  705  that renders a set of available radio technologies in a technology descriptor panel  708 . The technologies rendered are dictated by a display profile (e.g., display profile  475 ). In an aspect, an active technology engaged in communication, e.g., 4G  710  is highlighted, whereas remaining available technologies, e.g., 3G  712  and 2G  714  are displayed less prominently. Display  705  also renders a signal strength indicator (e.g., a set of bars with solid bars conveying a metric of radio link quality) for each available technology, with active indicator for the radio technology for communication. In display  705 , a profile icon  716  can be facilitate access to a network selection profile (e.g., network selection profile  450 ) and a display profile (e.g., display profile  475 ) retained in the mobile device. In addition, icon profile  716  can provide access to service provider customer service to convey requests for update profile; interaction among an end user and customer representative can exploit voice or text-based messaging systems like a chat session. 
     With respect to  FIG. 7B , diagram  750  illustrates a pop-up window  755  that prompts a subscriber to accept  758  or decline  762  premium charges, the charges are incurred for utilization of a profiled technology in accordance with a network selection profile. Other information can be presented in pop-up window  755 , such as actual charges for profiled technology usage. In an aspect, upon acceptance, pop-up window  755  can display charges for various session types (e.g., single-call rate, hourly rate, daily rate . . . ), and technology descriptor panel  708  switches to highlight the profiled technology. Alternatively, or in addition, icon  766  can provide access to rate schedules for premium charges, or access to customer service in connection with radio technology usage; icon  766  also includes substantially all functionality of profile icon  716 . It should be appreciated that other gestures for user-device interaction like email alert, instant message alert, aural alert, etc., can be employed to prompt a subscriber to determine whether to accept or reject premium charges and exploit the ensuing profiled radio technology (e.g., 4G technology). 
     In view of the example systems described above, example methodologies that can be implemented in accordance with the disclosed subject matter can be better appreciated with reference to flowcharts in  FIGS. 8-13 . For purposes of simplicity of explanation, example methodologies disclosed herein are presented and described as a series of acts; however, it is to be understood and appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein. For example, a methodology disclosed herein could alternatively be represented as a series of interrelated states or events, such as in a state diagram. Moreover, interaction diagram(s) may represent methodologies in accordance with the disclosed subject matter when disparate entities enact disparate portions of the methodologies. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be required to implement a methodology in accordance with the subject specification. Further yet, two or more of the disclosed methodologies can be implemented in combination with each other, to accomplish one or more features or advantages herein described. It should be further appreciated that the methodologies disclosed throughout the subject specification are capable of being stored on an article of manufacture to facilitate transporting and transferring such methodologies to computers for execution by a processor or for storage in a memory. 
       FIG. 8  presents a flowchart of an example method  800  for establishing a subscriber profile according to aspects of the subject specification. In an aspect, the subject example method can be enacted via a wireless network platform. At  810 , a market policy for radio network technology, or radio technology, selection preference(s) is established. At act  820 , a subscriber policy for radio network technology preference(s) is determined. Subscriber policy can be determined per subscriber, identified via an MDN, IMSI, MEID, ENS, or other codes or tokens. At act  830 , an application policy for radio network technology selection settings is defined. Policy can discriminate preference settings according to application type, e.g., voice application, data application, or voice and data application. At act  840 , a set of available radio network technologies is determined in order to define a technology indicator to be displayed in a multi-technology wireless device. A determination can be based on available radio technology intelligence associated with a wireless network platform. The technology intelligence can include information on at least one of deployed technology layers that facilitate telecommunication in accordance with standardized protocol for the technology, evolution stages of radio technologies deployed and pursued by the wireless network platform, and so on. The network technology indicator, or descriptor, can be defined for either idle or active mode of operation, or both, of the multi-technology wireless device. At act  850 , the market policy, the subscriber policy, the application policy, and the technology indicator, or descriptor, are aggregated to generate a subscriber profile. In an aspect, the subscriber profile can be grouped into a network selection profile and a display profile (see, e.g.,  FIGS. 4A-4B  and  FIG. 5 ). At act  860 , the subscriber profile is retained. 
       FIG. 9  is a flowchart of an example method  900  for updating a subscriber profile. At act  910 , a subscriber profile is conveyed. It should be appreciated that a mobile device can enact the subject example method. In an aspect, network selection preferences and display setting for technology descriptors can be delivered at a time of provisioning a mobile device. At act  920 , it is probed whether operation of a mobile device remains unchanged. In the negative case, a subscriber profile is updated. As an example, a subscriber profile can be updated when a mobile device moves away from a home market, or when a subscriber is relocated within a subscriber segmentation. Changes in subscriber segmentation can be the result of, for example, a subscriber acquiring premium data services. In the positive case, when device operation remains unchanged, it is checked whether an indication to update a subscriber profile is received  930 . Update triggers, or the indication to update a subscriber profile, can be based at least in part on demand, e.g., a subscriber or customer service requesting an update; on a schedule basis, wherein at predetermined times a subscriber update is delivered; or on an event basis, like when one or more technology layer(s) are added to a wireless network platform, a new market is visited, or the like. When a finding of act  930  is that an update trigger is received, a subscriber profile is updated at act  940 . In an aspect, subscriber profile update includes probing for receiving an update confirmation, or acknowledgement, from a mobile device operated for the subscriber whose profile is being updated. When an acknowledgement is received, a subscriber update procedure is terminated as successful. Conversely, when no acknowledgement is received, a finite number of successive retry are pursued until either acknowledgement is received, or a maximum number (e.g., 5-10) of retries is attained. In the latter case, the updated is flagged or logged as unsuccessful. 
       FIG. 10  is a flowchart of an example method  1000  for selecting a radio technology to operate a multi-technology wireless device in a multi-technology environment according to aspects described herein. At act  1010 , a subscriber profile is received and reception thereof is signaled. A subscriber profile comprises two elements: a network selection profile, and a display profile. In an aspect, the network selection profile includes preference setting for selecting a radio technology in idle mode or active mode of operation of a multi-technology device that receives the subscriber profile. Network selection profile and display profile can be formatter according to various portable and extensible schema such as HTML, XML, or variations thereof. At act  1020 , the received subscriber profile is retained. In an aspect, subscriber profile can be stored within a removable memory element within the device, such as a SIM card. At act  1030 , a radio network technology is selected according with a set of preferences in the subscriber profile. In an aspect, radio technologies are prioritized differently for idle mode operation than for active mode operation. It should be appreciated that the selection is dynamic: each call or data session that is active and served through a multi-technology device that exploits the subscriber profile results in a specific radio network technology selection. At act  1040 , one or more available radio network technologies are displayed in accordance with the received display profile included within the received subscriber profile. In an aspect, available radio technologies can be determined by scanning a wireless environment for pilot signal(s) compatible with various radio technologies and determining whether signal strength and channel quality meet predetermined criteria imposed by radio technology standard protocols. In addition, or alternatively, radio technology availability can be ascertained through information related to a wireless coverage area, the information carried in system information broadcast messages delivered by one or more technology resources in a serving wireless platform. At act  1050 , an indication to receive an updated subscriber profile is conveyed. An indication can be at least one of a SMS message, a reserved bit within a management, or control, frame or protocol data unit header, a multi-bit word conveyed in an uplink control channel, or the like. In addition, an update indication or trigger can conveyed on demand, on a scheduled basis, or on an event basis. At act  1060 , a received subscriber profile update is acknowledged (e.g., via ACK indication, one or more reserved bits in a packet header, a light-payload data packet, a predetermined multi-bit word conveyed in a radio frame . . . ). 
       FIG. 11  is a flowchart of an example method  1100  for selecting a radio technology for idle mode operation according to aspects of the subject specification. A mobile device can enact the subject example method. In addition, the subject example method can be exploited in conjunction with example method  1100 . At act  1110 , it is evaluated whether an idle mode of operation is taking place. In the negative case, the probe is re-enacted. Conversely, at act  1120  it is probed whether a radio network technology for idle mode as dictated in a subscriber profile is available. In an aspect, availability can be ascertained by scanning a wireless environment for specific broadcast messages, e.g., pilot signals, that meet a specific set of criteria for signal strength and channel quality. When the radio network technology is available, flow is redirected to act  1140 , in which operation is switched to the radio technology network for idle mode as dictated in the subscriber profile. Conversely, when the radio technology is unavailable, a current available radio network technology is retained for idle mode at act  1130 . 
       FIG. 12  presents a flowchart of an example method  1200  for managing application behavior through a subscriber profile according to aspects described herein. The subject example method can be enacted by a mobile station, and it can be exploited in combination with example method  1000  or  1100 . At act  1210 , an application is initiated, or launched. At act  1220 , it is checked whether the launch occurs in idle mode of operation. In the negative case, which entails the application is launched within active operation, at act  1240  operation is switched to a radio network technology that facilitates execution of a current application and the new application. In an aspect, the radio technology that is exploited to execute the current and new application is inferred and selected based on cost-utility analysis. Such analysis can be based at least on preference setting available for the current and new application, and on radio link conditions, and available capacity of a served sector, cell, or market. At act  1250 , the current application continues to be executed while the new application is launched. 
     When a finding of act  1220  is that an application is launched within an idle mode of operation, it is evaluated whether active mode RNT in accordance with subscriber profile is unavailable at act  1230 . In the negative case, operation is switched from idle mode radio network technology to an active mode RNT in accordance with a subscriber profile at act  1260 , and the application is launched in act  1280 . When the RNT in accordance with the subscriber profile is such that a subscriber that initiates the application fails to have access to, e.g., because the subscriber has not contracted services deliver in the RNT, prior to launching the application in  1280  the subscriber can be prompted to acquire service that allows access to the RNT. The latter feature can be controlled through a modifier in the subscriber profile. In the affirmative case, the active mode RNT in accordance with the subscriber profile is unavailable, execution of the new application is blocked and the blockade is notified at act  1270 . Notification can be delivered via instant message, a SMS message, a multimedia message service (MMS), email message, aural or visual alarm, mechanical indication such as a vibration of a recipient mobile device, or the like. 
       FIG. 13  presents a flowchart of an example method  1300  for releasing an application according to aspects described herein. A mobile station generally enacts the subject example method. In addition, the subject example method can be employed in conjunction with example method  1200 . At act  1310 , it is inquired whether an application is terminated or released. In case the application is terminated, either normally or faulty, the application is released at act  1320 . For example, release of the application can include signaling a PDP context deactivation (e.g., dissociation with a gateway node, release of IP address) to a wireless network platform that serves at least in part a multi-technology mobile device in which the application is terminated. At act  1340 , operation is switched to a radio technology network for idle mode in accordance with a subscriber profile (e.g.,  FIGS. 4A and 4B , and  FIG. 5 ). It should be appreciated that switching operation to idle mode occurs when the released application is the last application to be terminated in a multi-technology mobile device. At act  1350 , it is probed whether the area of coverage (e.g., sector, cell, or market) remains unchanged. In the affirmative case, a LAU or RAU procedure is conducted at act  1360  to ensure adequate paging and traffic delivery. Conversely, a LAC or RAC is retained at act  1370 . 
     To provide further context for various aspects of the subject specification,  FIG. 14  presents an example embodiment  1400  of a mobile network platform  1410  that can exploit various technology resources for telecommunication in accordance with one or more radio technology and display profiles as described herein. 
     Generally, wireless network platform  1410  can include components, e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers, or disparate platforms, that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g., internet protocol (IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) and circuit-switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data), as well as control generation for networked wireless telecommunication. Mobile network platform  1410  includes CS gateway node(s)  1412  which can interface CS traffic received from legacy networks like telephony network(s)  1440  (e.g., public switched telephone network (PSTN), or public land mobile network (PLMN)) or a signaling system #7 (SS7) network  1470 . Circuit switched gateway node(s)  1412 , which can embody at least in part gateway node(s)  310 , can authorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arising from such networks. Additionally, CS gateway node(s)  1012  can access mobility, or roaming, data generated through SS7 network  1470 ; for instance, mobility data stored in a visited location register (VLR), which can reside in memory  1430 . Moreover, CS gateway node(s)  1412  interfaces CS-based traffic and signaling and PS gateway node(s)  1018  which can embody at least in part gateway node(s)  310 . As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, CS gateway node(s)  1412  can be realized at least in part in gateway GPRS support node(s) (GGSN). It should be appreciated that functionality and specific operation of CS gateway node(s)  1412 , PS gateway node(s)  1418 , and serving node(s)  1416 , is provided and dictated by technology resource(s)  1417  based at least in part on radio technology layer(s) (e.g., radio technology layers  215   κ ) available thereto. 
     In the subject specification, in addition to receiving and processing CS-switched traffic (e.g., content(s) that is part of voice-only application) and signaling, PS gateway node(s)  1418  can authorize and authenticate PS-based data sessions with served (e.g., through RAN  285 ) mobile devices. Data sessions can include traffic, or content(s), exchanged with networks external to the wireless network platform  1410 , like wide area network(s) (WANs)  1450 ; enterprise network(s)  1470 , which can be embodied in local area network(s) (LANs), can also be interfaced with mobile network platform  1410  through PS gateway node(s)  1418 . It is to be noted that WANs  1450  and enterprise network(s)  1460  can embody, at least in part, a service network(s) like IP multimedia susbsystem. Based on radio technology layer(s) available in technology resource(s)  1417 , packet-switched gateway node(s)  1418  can generate packet data protocol contexts when a data session is established; other data structures that facilitate routing of packetized data also can be generated. To that end, in an aspect, PS gateway node(s)  1418  can include a tunnel interface (e.g., tunnel termination gateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (not shown)) which can facilitate packetized communication with disparate wireless network(s), such as Wi-Fi networks. 
     In embodiment  1400 , wireless network platform  1410  also includes serving node(s)  1416  that, based upon available radio technology layer(s) within technology resource(s)  1417 , convey the various packetized flows of data streams received through PS gateway node(s)  1418 . It is to be noted that for technology resource(s)  1417  that rely primarily on CS communication, server node(s) can deliver traffic without reliance on PS gateway node(s)  1418 ; for example, server node(s) can embody at least in part a mobile switching center. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, serving node(s)  1416  can be embodied in serving GPRS support node(s) (SGSN). 
     For technology resource(s)  1417  that exploit packetized communication, server(s)  1414  in wireless network platform  1410  can execute numerous applications (e.g., location services, online gaming, wireless banking, wireless device management . . . ) that can generate multiple disparate packetized data streams or flows, and manage (e.g., schedule, queue, format . . . ) such flows. Such application(s) can include add-on features to standard services (for example, provisioning, billing, customer support . . . ) provided by wireless network platform  1410 . Data streams (e.g., content(s) that are part of a voice call or data session) can be conveyed to PS gateway node(s)  1418  for authorization/authentication and initiation of a data session, and to serving node(s)  1416  for communication thereafter. In addition to application server, server(s)  1414  can include utility server(s), a utility server can include a provisioning server, an operations and maintenance server, a security server that can implement at least in part a certificate authority and firewalls as well as other security mechanisms, and the like. In an aspect, security server(s) secure communication served through wireless network platform  1410  to ensure network&#39;s operation and data integrity in addition to authorization and authentication procedures that CS gateway node(s)  1412  and PS gateway node(s)  1418  can enact. Moreover, provisioning server(s) can provision services from external network(s) like networks operated by a disparate service provider; for instance, WAN  1450  or Global Positioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown). Provisioning server(s) can also provision coverage through networks associated to wireless network platform  1410  (e.g., deployed and operated by the same service provider), such as femto cell network(s) (not shown) that enhance wireless service coverage within indoor confined spaces and offload RAN resources in order to enhance subscriber service experience within a home or business environment. 
     It is to be noted that server(s)  1414  can include one or more processors configured to confer at least in part the functionality of macro network platform  1410 . To that end, the one or more processor can execute code instructions stored in memory  1430 , for example. It is should be appreciated that server(s)  1414  can include a content manager  1415 , which operates in substantially the same manner as described hereinbefore. 
     In example embodiment  1400 , memory  1430  can store information related to operation of wireless network platform  1410 . In particular, memory  1430  can include a network policy storage  1435 , which comprises market, subscriber, and application policies, in addition to subscriber profiles, which include network selection profiles and display profiles at the market, subscriber, and application level, as described herein. Other operational information can include provisioning information of mobile devices served through wireless platform network  1410 , subscriber databases; application intelligence, pricing schemes, e.g., promotional rates, flat-rate programs, couponing campaigns; technical specification(s) consistent with telecommunication protocols for operation of radio technology layers within technology resource(s)  1417 ; and so forth. Memory  1430  can also store information from at least one of telephony network(s)  1440 , WAN  1450 , enterprise network(s)  1460 , or SS7 network  1470 . 
     It is to be noted that aspects, features, or advantages of the subject specification described in the subject specification can be exploited in substantially any wireless communication technology. For instance, Wi-Fi, WiMAX, Enhanced GPRS, 3GPP LTE, 3GPP2 UMB, 3GPP UMTS, HSPA, HSDPA, HSUPA, LTE Advanced. Additionally, substantially all aspects of the subject specification as disclosed in the subject specification can be exploited in legacy telecommunication technologies; e.g., GSM. 
     As it employed in the subject specification, the term “processor” can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited to comprising, single-core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of user equipment. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units. 
     In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “data store,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a “memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. 
     By way of illustration, and not limitation, nonvolatile memory can include read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory. 
     Various aspects or features described herein may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. In addition, various aspects disclosed in the subject specification can also be implemented through program modules stored in a memory (e.g., memory  1086  or memory  1255 ) and executed by a processor (e.g., processor  1235 ), or other combination of hardware and software, or hardware and firmware. The term “article of manufacture” as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips . . . ), optical disks (e.g., compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), blu-ray disc (BD) . . . ), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive . . . ). 
     What has been described above includes examples of systems and methods that provide advantages of the subject specification. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing the subject specification, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the claimed subject matter are possible. Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,” “possesses,” and the like are used in the detailed description, claims, appendices and drawings such terms are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.