Patent Publication Number: US-2023152354-A1

Title: Adsorbable electromagnetic field auxiliary device for large components

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The invention relates to an electromagnetic field auxiliary device used for laser processing of large components. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     Large components are often bulky and heavy, and once they fail, the loss of benefits is immeasurable. And large parts are not easy to disassemble and move, so they are mostly repaired on site. With the development of laser technology, laser processing has been gradually applied in practical industrial applications. Due to the good processing automation and high processing flexibility, on-site processing of failed parts can be well realized, so laser repair has gradually gained wider practical application. However, traditional laser processing is prone to problems such as pores and cracks, which affect the quality and performance of the laser processing area. At present, in order to solve defects such as pores, external energy fields, such as electromagnetic fields and vibration fields, can be applied. As far as the applied electromagnetic field is concerned, the strength of the electromagnetic field required for laser processing is relatively large, which makes the electromagnetic field equipment cumbersome and uneasy for frequent moving during on-site laser processing. The large size and weight of the electromagnetic field device limits the possibility of its integration in laser processing equipment to follow it. 
     The patent application number CN201721648238.0 filed by Wang Liang et al. of Zhejiang University of Technology is a wall-climbing laser manufacturing platform that can provide steady-state magnetic field assistance. The invention includes a frame, a laser head, a magnetron tire, etc., but the device only integrates steady-state magnetic field-assisted laser processing, cannot form Lorentz force, and has limited effect of regulating pores. At the same time, the device uses four magnetic wheels to provide a steady-state magnetic field, which has a small contact surface with the part to be processed, and the magnetic field distribution formed between the four magnetic wheels is not a steady-state directional magnetic field, that is, when the laser head moves in the working area during the processing process, the direction of the magnetic field is different, and the regulation of the magnetic field is different, resulting in different laser processing quality. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned on-site laser processing of large components, the present invention provides an electromagnetic field auxiliary device for laser processing of large components. 
     The invention adopts an integrated iron core which serves as a device structural frame too. The two iron core heads are respectively the N pole and S pole of the magnetic field, so that they are adsorbed on the component to be processed. The two iron core heads adopt large-sized iron core heads to ensure the formation of a stable and uniform magnetic field strength in the same direction in the processing area. The electric field is provided by two brush devices, and the two brushes move with the laser head and are always kept in a straight line to ensure the stability and uniformity of the electric field in the laser processing area. The electric field and magnetic field provided by the device work together to form a directional Lorentz force, which provides an external body force for the laser on-site repair, thereby improving the quality of laser processing. 
     To overcome the above technical problems, the present invention provides an electromagnetic field auxiliary device for laser processing of large components, which is adsorbed on the component to be processed through an integrated iron core and provides a stable and uniform directional magnetic field. The brush device following the laser head provides a stable directional electric field, and the magnetic field and the electric field are coupled to form a Lorentz force, thereby improving the quality of laser processing. 
     Adsorbable electromagnetic field auxiliary device for large components, comprises an iron core  3  that can be adsorbed on the component to be processed  1  with an integral rectangular frame including a pair of lateral sides and a pair of longitudinal sides; Each lateral side is installed with an electromagnetic coil  2 , and the two electromagnetic coils  2  are connected in series, and the N pole of the magnetic field of one of the two electromagnetic coils  2  point to the component to be processed  1  while the S pole of that of the other of the two electromagnetic coils  2  point to the component to be processed  1 ; 
     The laser head  5  moves in the inner space of the iron core  3 ; a photoelectric sensor  4  is installed on the longitudinal sides of the iron core  3 , and the photoelectric sensor  4  senses the real-time longitudinal position of the laser head  5 , and the photoelectric The data output end of the photoelectric sensor  4  is connected to a central controller; the photoelectric sensor  4  comprises a photoelectric transmitter  401  and a photoelectric receiver  402  respectively installed on the pair of longitudinal sides; 
     The longitudinal opposite sides of the iron core  3  are respectively provided with a screw movement device  6 , and the two screw movement devices  6  are symmetrically arranged; the screw movement device  6  comprises a motor  601  and a base  602 , the screw  603 , the slider  604 , and the screw  603  is connected to the iron core  3  through the base  602 , and the motor  601  drives the screw  603  to rotate to move the slider  604  along the longitudinal sides of the iron core  3  the inner thread of which is engaged on the screw  603 ; the control end of the motor  601  is connected to the central controller; 
     A brush device  7  is provided on each of the longitudinally opposite sides of the iron core  3 , and the brush head  701  of the brush device  7  slides on the surface of the component to be processed  1  to form a directional electric field; the brush clamp  702  of the device  7  is connected with the slider  604 ; an elastic copper sheet  703  is installed on the brush clamp  702 , and the end of the brush head  701  which is far away from the component to be processed  1  contacts with the elastic copper sheet  703 , and the elastic copper sheet  703  keeps the brush head  701  in contact with the component to be processed  1  during the movement; 
     At least one of the brush clamp  702  and the slider  604  is made of heat-resistant insulating material; 
     The control end of the motor  601  is connected to the central controller to adjust the position of the brush device  7  so that the two brush heads  701  and the laser head  5  are always kept in a straight line. 
     Preferably, the bottoms of the laterally opposite sides of the iron core  3  are each provided with an electromagnetic coil  2  the bottom of which is in contact with the component to be processed  1 . 
     Preferably, the brush head  701  is an integrated conductive block, of which the surface contacting with the component to be processed  1  is in the shape of an arc. 
     Preferably, the brush clamp  702  is provided with counterbores, which is connected with the slider  604  by screws. 
     Preferably, the to-be-processed surface of the component to be processed  1  is a plane, or a curved surface, or an inclined surface, or a vertical surface, or an elevation working surface. 
     The iron core  3  adopts an integrated iron core, which not only acts as a conductive magnetic core but also acts as a bearing structure frame of the device; 
     In the electromagnetic field device, the two electromagnetic coils  2  form a stable directional uniform magnetic field in the area between each other, and the direction of the magnetic field can be changed with the change of the positive and negative electrodes of the current in the electromagnetic coils. 
     The two brush devices  7  and the laser head  5  are always kept in a straight line, thereby ensuring that the electric field at the laser head  7  is a stable and directional uniform electric field, and the electric field strength is large and the current utilization rate is high. The direction of the electric field can be changed with the change of the positive and negative currents. 
     The magnetic field and electric field interact to form a stable Lorentz force with controllable direction. In addition, the brush device  7  and the laser head  5  follow up so as to ensure that the direction and magnitude of the Lorentz force in the processing area of the laser head  5  remain stable. 
     The present invention has the following advantages:
         (1) The brush device detects the position of the laser head in real time through the photoelectric sensor, converts the position signal into an electrical signal, and drives the brush device to keep in a straight line with the laser head so as to ensure that the laser processing area is always in a relatively fixed position of the electric field area during the laser processing, so that the electric field distribution direction of the processing area is stable, the isotropy is good, and the electric field size is stable.   (2) The device adopts an integrated iron core, which is used as a conductive core and a structural frame at the same time. The iron core head adopts a large size structure, which can form a large area of directional uniform magnetic field in the area to be processed, improving the stability of the direction and size of the magnetic field, and forming a stable Lorentz force coupled with the electric field, thereby improving the quality of laser processing.       

    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention. 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brush device of the present invention. 
         FIG.  3    is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brush clamp of the present invention. 
         FIG.  4    is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated iron core of the present invention. 
         FIG.  5    is a schematic diagram of the screw movement device and the photoelectric sensor of the present invention. 
         FIG.  6    is a schematic top view of the electromagnetic field distribution of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     In the above figures:  1 —component to be processed;  2 —electromagnetic coil;  3 —integrated iron core;  4 —photoelectric sensor;  401 —photoelectric transmitter;  402 —photoelectric receiver;  5 —laser head;  6 —screw movement device;  601 —motor;  602 —base;  603 —screw;  604 —slider;  7 —brush device;  701 —brush head;  702 —brush clamp;  703 —elastic copper sheet;  704 —terminal 
     EMBODIMENT 
     The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
     The present invention is an adsorbable electromagnetic field auxiliary device for large components, which is an electromagnetic field device that can be adsorbed on the component to be processed  1 , comprise an electromagnetic coil  2 , a double-contact integrated iron core  3 , a photoelectric sensor  4 , a laser head  5 , a screw movement device  6  and a brush device  7 . 
     The two ends of the iron core  3  of the electromagnetic field device form the positive and negative poles of the magnetic field and are in contact with the component to be processed  1  to be adsorbed on the component to be processed  1 ; The electromagnetic field device adopts an integrated iron core, which acts as both the iron core and the structural frame of the device. 
     The electromagnetic coil  2  is composed of 2 coils connected in series, and the N pole of the magnetic field of one of the two electromagnetic coils  2  points to the component to be processed  1  while the S pole of that of the other of the two electromagnetic coils  2  points to the component to be processed  1 ; 
     The photoelectric sensor  4  includes a photoelectric transmitter  401  and a photoelectric receiver  402 . The laser head  5  moves in the inner space of the integrated iron core  3 , and the real-time position of the laser head  5  parallel to the direction of the screw  603  is sensed by the photoelectric sensor  4  so as to drive the motor  601  to adjust the position of the brush device  7 , so that the two brushes and the laser head  5  are always kept in a straight line; 
     The longitudinal opposite sides of the iron core  3  are respectively provided with a screw movement device  6 , and the two screw movement devices  6  are arranged symmetrically. The screw movement device  6  includes a motor  601 , a base  602 , a screw  603 , and a slider  604 . The material used for the slider  604  is thermal insulation plastic. 
     The brush device  7  includes a brush head  701 , a brush clamp  702 , an elastic copper sheet  703 , and a terminal  704 . The brush clamp  702  is fastened to the slider  604 . The brush head  701  adopts an integrated conductive block, of which the surface contacting with the component to be processed  1  is in shape of an arc. An elastic copper sheet  703  is installed on the brush clamp  702 , and the end of the brush head  701  which is far away from the component to be processed  1  is in contact with the elastic copper sheet  703 , and the elastic copper sheet  703  keeps the brush head  701  in contact with the component to be processed  1  during the movement. The brush clamp  702  is made of heat-resistant insulating material. The brush clamp  702  is provided with counterbore which is connected with the slider  604  by screws so as to satisfy the tightening requirements and maintain the insulation between the brush head  701  and the screw movement device  6 . 
     In the electromagnetic field device, the two electromagnetic coils  2  form a stable directional uniform magnetic field in the area between each other, and the direction of the magnetic field can be changed with the change of the positive and negative electrodes of the current in the electromagnetic coils. 
     The two brush devices  7  and the laser head  5  are always kept in a straight line, thereby ensuring that the electric field at the laser head  7  is a stable and directional uniform electric field, and the electric field strength is large and the current utilization rate is high. The direction of the electric field can be changed with the change of the positive and negative electrodes of the currents. 
     The magnetic field and electric field interact to form a stable Lorentz force with controllable direction. In addition, the brush device  7  and the laser head  5  follow up so as to ensure that the direction and magnitude of the Lorentz force in the processing area of the laser head  5  remain stable. 
     The surface of components to be processed  1  to which the electromagnetic field device can be applied is not limited to a horizontal plane, but can be a curved surface, an angled working surface or a vertical working surface, or even an elevation angle working surface. 
     In the laser processing area, the stable electric field is coupled with the stable magnetic field to form a directional Lorentz force, which provides an additional force field for the laser processing area. 
     The content described in the embodiments of the present specification is only an enumeration of the realization forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.