Patent Publication Number: US-2012044448-A1

Title: Liquid crystal display

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2010-0079990 filed on Aug. 18, 2010, which is hereby incorporated herein by reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display. 
     2. Description of the Background 
     A liquid crystal display (LCD) has been adopted as one of the most widely used flat panel displays and an LCD typically includes two display panels where electric field generating electrodes such as a pixel electrode and a common electrode are formed and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. The LCD generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer by applying voltage to an electric field generating electrode, and the electric field that determines an orientation of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer and controls polarization of incident light to display an image. 
     In general, the liquid crystal display receives an input image signal from an external graphic controller. The input image signal contains luminance information of each pixel. Each luminance has a predetermined number. Each pixel is applied with a data voltage corresponding to desired luminance information. The data voltage applied to the pixel is represented as a pixel voltage depending on a difference of a common voltage. Each pixel displays luminance indicated by the gray of the image signal depending on the pixel voltage. 
     However, the luminance of each pixel may vary according to variables, for example, a parasitic capacitance that may be formed between pixel electrodes, a process error, and various types of asymmetric pixel electrodes and common electrodes that may cause a flickering error. 
     Therefore, there is a need for an approach to solve flickering problem. 
     The above information disclosed in this Background section is only to set up Applicant&#39;s recognition of problems within existing art and merely for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention based on the identified source of problems, and therefore the above information cannot be used as prior art in determining obviousness into the present invention. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid crystal display capable of preventing a flickering error. 
     Additional features of the exemplary embodiments will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclose a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display includes a substrate comprising a gate line, a data line and a voltage line which crosses the gate line. The liquid crystal display also includes a first switching element which is connected to the gate line and the data line. The liquid crystal display includes a second switching element which is connected to the gate line and the voltage line. The liquid crystal display further includes a first pixel electrode which is connected to the first switching element, and the first pixel electrode includes a plurality of first branches inclined with respect to the gate line. The liquid crystal display includes a second pixel electrode which is connected to the second switching element, and the second electrode includes a plurality of second branches parallel to the first branches, wherein the sum of the lengths of the first branches is substantially similar to and not more than about 10% of the sum of the lengths of the second branches. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclose a liquid crystal display which includes a first substrate including a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode forming a matrix, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The liquid crystal display also includes a gate line disposed on the first substrate. The liquid crystal display includes a data line and a voltage line crossing the gate line. The liquid crystal display includes a first switching element which is connected to the gate line and the data line. The liquid crystal display includes a second switching element connected to the gate line and the data line. The first pixel electrode includes a plurality of first branches inclined with respect to the gate line, the second pixel electrode includes a plurality of second branches inclined with respect to the gate line, and a sum of lengths of the first branches is about 90% to 100% of a sum of lengths of the second branches, and wherein the first pixel electrode positioned on a first row of a matrix is alternately connected to the first switching element and the second switching element corresponding to changing of the column of the matrix, and the second pixel electrode positioned on a first row of the matrix is alternately connected to the second switching element and the first switching element inverse to the first pixel electrode corresponding to changing of the column of the matrix. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclose a method. The method includes disposing a pixel electrode including a first electrode and a second electrode and the pixel electrode including a vertical stem, a horizontal stem including an upper stem, a central stem and a lower stem and a plurality of branches, wherein the respective branches corresponding to each of the first electrode and the second electrode is alternatively arranged at an interval with an oblique orientation approximately 45 degree with respect to the vertical stem or the horizontal stem. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1  is a circuit diagram showing a pixel in a structure of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG. 3  is a diagram showing a pixel electrode of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  are layout diagrams showing a connection relationship between a pixel electrode and a signal line of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  are diagrams showing charged voltages of liquid crystal capacitors of eight adjacent pixels and data voltages applied to data lines that are displayed in two successive frames using a minimum voltage and a maximum voltage which are 0V and 15V, respectively, according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
         FIG. 8  is a flowchart of a process for making a pixel electrode capable of preventing a flickering error caused by a luminance difference according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ILLUSTRATED EMBODIMENTS 
     The invention is described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure is thorough, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements. 
     It is understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on,” “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or layer or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. Like numerals refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. 
     It is understood that although numerical terms such as a first, a second, and a third may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these numerical terms. These terms may only be used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, an element, a component, a region, a layer or a section designated as “first” discussed below may be construed an element, a component, a region, a layer or a section designated as “second” without departing from the teachings of the present invention. 
     It is understood that terms related to spatially relative terms such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper” may be used herein for easy understanding of illustration of one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It is understood that the spatially relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features may be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” may encompass both an orientation of above and below. According to an exemplary configuration, a device may be otherwise oriented to a direction (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein associated with other elements and/or features may be interpreted accordingly. 
     The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing exemplary embodiments only and may not be intended to be limiting of the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but these terms do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described herein with reference to cross-sectional illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized exemplary embodiments (and intermediate structures) of the present invention. As such, various exemplary embodiments are illustrated by way of examples, and not by way of limitation, for example, variations due to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances may be expected. Thus, illustrated exemplary embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limited to the particular shapes of regions illustrated herein but may be construed to include deviations in shapes that may be resulted from manufacturing configurations. For example, an implanted region illustrated as a rectangular shape may, typically, have rounded or curved features and/or a gradient of implant concentration at its edges rather than a binary change from implanted to non-implanted region. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are illustrative in nature and their shapes are not intended to restrict the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. 
     Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the similar meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It is further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. 
       FIG. 1  is a circuit diagram showing a pixel in a structure of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the liquid crystal display includes lower display panel  100  and a upper display panel  200  facing each other and a liquid crystal layer  3  interposed therebetween. 
     A liquid crystal capacitor Clc includes a first pixel electrode  191   a  and a second pixel electrode  191   b  of the lower display panel  100  as two terminals. The liquid crystal layer  3  interposed between the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  serves as a dielectric. The first pixel electrode  191   a  is connected to a first switching element (not shown) and the second pixel electrode  191   b  is connected to a second switching element (not shown). The first switching element and the second switching element are connected to a gate line (not shown) and a data line (not shown) corresponding thereto, respectively. 
     The liquid crystal layer  3  has dielectric anisotropy and liquid crystal molecules that may be aligned to have long axes vertical with respect to the surfaces of two display panels without an electric field. 
     In some examples, the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  may be formed on different layers or on the same layer. A first storage capacitor (not shown) and a second storage capacitor (not shown) that perform an auxiliary role of the liquid crystal display may be formed by overlapping an additional electrode (not shown) provided on the lower display panel  100  with the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b , respectively, with an insulator interposed therebetween. 
     To display an image, for example, each pixel PX may uniquely display one of primary colors (spatial division) or each pixel PX may alternately display the primary colors depending on the time (temporal division) to allow a desired color to be recognized through the spatial and temporal sums of the primary colors in order to implement color display. 
     Examples of the primary colors may include three primary colors including red, green, and blue.  FIG. 1  shows each pixel PX that includes a color filter CF representing one of the primary colors in a region of the upper display panel  200  corresponding to the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  as an example of the spatial division. Alternatively, the color filter CF may be disposed above or below the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  of the lower display panel  100 . 
     At least one polarizer (not shown) may be provided on the outer surface of each of the upper display panel  200  and the lower display panel  100 . 
     According to exemplary embodiments, a driving method of a liquid crystal display is described in detail with respect to  FIG. 2  and  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 2  is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1  and  FIG. 2 , when the switching element is turned on by a gate-on signal transferred through a gate line, a data voltage applied to the data line is applied to the corresponding pixel PX through the switching element which is turned on. In this example, the data voltage is applied to one of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  and a predetermined voltage or two swing voltages may be alternately applied to the other one. In this example, the applied data voltage corresponds to luminance to be displayed by the pixel PX. The predetermined voltage or two swing voltages may have polarities opposite to each other with respect to a reference voltage Vref. 
     A difference between the two voltages applied to the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  is represented as the charge voltage of the liquid crystal capacitor Clc, that is, a pixel voltage. When a potential difference is generated on both terminals of the liquid crystal capacitor Clc, an electric field which is parallel to the surfaces of the display panels  100  and  200  is generated on the liquid crystal layer  3  interposed between the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     If the liquid crystal molecules  31  have positive dielectric anisotropy, the liquid crystal molecules  31  are inclined to have long axes parallel to the direction of the electric field and the inclination degree depends on the magnitude of the pixel voltage. The liquid crystal layer  3  is referred to as an electrically-induced optical compensation (EOC) mode. The polarization variation degree of light that penetrates the liquid crystal layer  3  varies depending on the inclination degree of the liquid crystal molecules  31 . The polarization variation is represented as the variation of transmittance of light by a polarizer and as a result, the pixel PX displays predetermined desired luminance. 
     By applying two voltages having different polarities with respect to the reference voltage Vref to one pixel PX, a high driving voltage difference can be acquired, the response speed of the liquid crystal molecule can be increased, and the transmittance of the liquid crystal display can be improved. 
     A type of the pixel electrode included in a pixel of the liquid crystal display is described in more detail with reference to the  FIG. 3 . 
       FIG. 3  is a diagram showing a pixel electrode of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3 , in the liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the overall outer shape of the pixel electrode is quadrangular and a branch  92   c  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and a branch  94   d  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  are alternately disposed at a predetermined interval. 
     The first pixel electrode  191   a  includes a first vertical stem  92   a  positioned at the left side of the pixel, a horizontal stem  92   b  that extends to the right side from the center of the first vertical stem  92   a , and a plurality of branches  92   c . Both ends of the first vertical stem  92   a  are connected to a triangular protrusion  92   d  and the end of a part of the branch  92   c  is connected to an extension  92   e  parallel to the first vertical stem  92   a.    
     The branch  92   c  extends obliquely in right upper and lower directions from the first vertical stem  92   a , and the branch  92   c  is inclined at approximately 45° with respect to the first vertical stem  92   a  and the horizontal stem  92   b . A side of the protrusion  92   d  facing the branch  92   c  is parallel to the branch  92   c.    
     The protrusion  92   d  and the extension  92   e  prevent texture or light leakage which is generated at the corner of the pixel or the edge of a domain. 
     The extension  92   e  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  is formed to a portion of the branch  92   c  that is adjacent to the second vertical stem  94   a  if the branch  92   c  extends. 
     The second pixel electrode  191   b  includes a second vertical stem  94   a  positioned at the right side of the pixel, and an upper horizontal stem  94   b  and a lower horizontal stem  94   c  that are connected to both ends of the second vertical stem  94   a  and extend toward the protrusion  92   d  of the first vertical stem  92   a . In addition, the second pixel electrode  191   b  includes a plurality of branches  94   d.    
     The second vertical stem  94   a  includes an isosceles triangular protrusion  94   e  that protrudes toward the central horizontal stem  92   b . An oblique side of the protrusion  94   e  is parallel to the branch  92   c  and the protrusion  94   e  protrudes towards in a concave portion formed by the branch  92   c  that extends vertically from the end of the central horizontal stem  92   b.    
     The branch  94   d  extends obliquely in a lower left direction or in an upper left direction from the second vertical stem  94   a , the upper horizontal stem  94   b , and the lower horizontal stem  94   c  and is inclined at approximately 45° with respect to the second vertical stem  94   a  or the upper horizontal stem  94   b  and the lower horizontal stem  94   c.    
     The end of a part of the branch  94   d  is connected to an extension  94   f  which is parallel to the second vertical stem  94   a . The extension  94   f  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  is formed to a portion of the branch  94   d  that is adjacent to the first vertical stem  92   a  if the branch  94   d  extends. 
     The extension  92   e  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  is positioned adjacent to the second vertical stem  94   a  and the extension  94   f  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  is positioned adjacent to the first vertical stem  92   a  to prevent light leakage due to the texture in those parts. 
     Boundaries of the branch  92   c  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the branch  94   d  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  that face each other are parallel to each other. Two branches  92   c  and  94   d  are alternately disposed to form a cross hatch pattern while engaging in each other. Two branches  92   c  and  94   d  may be disposed at regular intervals. Since the intensity of an electric field due to the branches  92   c  and  94   d  may be increased by narrowing the interval at a portion where the texture is easily generated, such as the corner of the pixel, the interval between two branches  92   c  and  94   d  is adjusted by way of configurations. 
     The pixel electrode  191  including the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b  is symmetric on the basis of a virtual horizontal center line CL 1 . Hereinafter, for better understanding of description, an upper region of the virtual horizontal center line of the pixel electrode  191  is referred to as an upper pixel electrode PH and a lower region of the virtual horizontal center line of the pixel electrode  191  is referred to as a lower pixel electrode PL. 
     For example, a pixel electrode positioned at the upper pixel electrode PH is divided by a virtual diagonal line CL 2  that extends toward the branches  92   c  and  94   d  and the pixel electrode positioned at the upper pixel electrode PH is inversion-symmetric on the basis of the virtual diagonal line CL 2 . 
     In addition, the pixel electrode positioned at the upper pixel electrode PH is also inversion-symmetric (e.g., minor-image symmetry) on the basis of each of a virtual horizontal center line CL 3  and a virtual vertical center line CL 4 . 
     The pixel electrode positioned at the lower pixel electrode PL is also inversion-symmetric on the basis of each of the virtual diagonal line CL 2 , the virtual horizontal center line CL 3 , and the virtual vertical center line CL 4 . 
     Further, when a quadrangular region formed by connecting extended lines of two side facing the extensions  92   e  and  94   f , an extended line of a side parallel to the gate line or the upper horizontal stem  94   b  at the first branch  92   c  positioned on the top of the horizontal stem  92   b  and an extended line of a side parallel to the gate line or the upper horizontal stem  94   c  at the first branch  92   c  positioned on the top of the horizontal stem  92   b  is referred to as a branch region A, the sum of the lengths of the branches  92   c  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the sum of the lengths of the branches  94   d  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  positioned in the branch region A are equal to each other and a difference between two sums is not larger than 10% and may be within a process error range. That is, the sum of the lengths of the first branches  92   c  is no more than about 10% difference of the sum of the lengths of the second branches  94   d.    
     In addition, the sum of the lengths of the extensions  92   e  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the sum of the lengths of the extensions  94   f  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  are equal to each other and a difference between two sums is not larger than about 10% and may be within the process error range. That is, the sum of the lengths of the extensions  92   e  of the first pixel electrode is not larger than about 10% of the sum of the lengths of the second branches. 
     In some examples, if the pixel electrodes  191   a  and  191   b  are symmetric each other on the basis of the virtual horizontal center line CL 1 , the pixel electrode of the upper pixel electrode PH is symmetric to each of the virtual diagonal line CL 2 , the virtual horizontal center line CL 3 , and the virtual vertical center line CL 4 , the pixel electrode of the lower pixel electrode PL is symmetric to each of the virtual diagonal line CL 2 , the virtual horizontal center line CL 3 , and the virtual vertical center line CL 4 , the sum of the lengths of the branches  92   c  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  positioned in the branch region A is equal to the sum of the lengths of the branches  94   d  of the second pixel electrode  191   b , and the sum of the lengths of the extensions  92   e  of the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the sum of the lengths of the extensions  94   f  of the second pixel electrode  191   b  are equal to each other, a luminance difference is not generated due to the symmetry between the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b , as a result, a flickering phenomenon can be reduced. 
     A signal can be applied to the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode of  FIG. 3  by various methods. The methods are described in detail with reference to  FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5 . 
       FIG. 4  and  FIG. 5  are layout diagrams showing a connection relationship between a pixel electrode and a signal line of a liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , the liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments includes signal lines including a gate line Gi, data lines Dj and D(j+1) that are adjacent to each other, and voltage lines V 1  and V 2  that are positioned alternately with the data lines Dj and D(j+1), including first switching element Q 1  and second switching element Q 2  connected to the signal lines, and a first pixel electrode  191   a  and a second pixel electrode  191   b  connected to the first switching element Q 1  and the second switching element Q 2 , respectively. 
     Gate lines G(i−1), Gi, and G(i+1) transfer a gate signal and the data lines Dj and D(j+1) transfer a data voltage. For example, a voltage may be equally applied or two swing voltages may alternately be applied to the first voltage line V 1  and the second voltage line V 2 . Alternatively, different swing voltages may alternately be applied to the first voltage line V 1  and the second voltage line V 2  for each frame. For example, a minimum voltage and a maximum voltage which may be used by the liquid crystal display may alternately be applied to the voltage lines V 1  and V 2  and a swing cycle of the voltage may be one frame. The first voltage line V 1  and the second voltage line V 2  may be applied with a predetermined voltage or two swing voltages from a data driver like the data lines Dj and D(j+1). 
     The first switching element Q 1  is connected to the data lines Dj and D(j+1) and the gate lines G(i−1), Gi, and G(i+1). The second switching element Q 2  is connected to the voltage lines V 1  and V 2  and the gate lines G(i−1), Gi, and G(i+1). The first switching element Q 1  and the second switching element Q 2  are three-terminal elements such as a thin film transistor that are provided on the lower display panel. 
     The first switching element Q 1  is connected to the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second switching element Q 2  is connected to the second pixel electrode  191   b.    
     Next,  FIG. 5  has substantially the same structure as  FIG. 4 , therefore, the same description may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention. 
     In the first pixel electrode  191   a  of  FIG. 5 , the first switching element Q 1  and the second switching element Q 2  are alternately connected in a column direction. In this example, the first switching element Q 1  is the switching element connected to the data line and the gate line and the second switching element Q 2  is the switching element connected to the voltage lines V 1  and V 2  and the gate lines G(i−1), Gi, and G(i+1) with reference to the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 4 . 
     The pixel electrode forms a matrix. The first pixel electrode  191   a  positioned on row  1  is alternately connected to the first switching element Q 1  and the second switching element Q 2  whenever the column of the matrix is changed and the second pixel electrode  191   b  positioned on row  1  is alternately connected to the second switching element Q 2  and the first switching element Q 1  contrary to the first pixel electrode  191   a  whenever the column of the matrix is changed. In addition, the first pixel electrode  191   a  positioned on row  2  is alternately connected to the second switching element Q 2  and the first switching element Q 1  contrary to the first pixel electrode  191   a  of row  1  whenever the column of the matrix is changed and the second pixel electrode  191   b  positioned on row  2  is alternately connected to the first switching element Q 1  and the second switching element Q 2  contrary to the second pixel electrode  191   b  of row  2  whenever the column of the matrix is changed. In addition, pixels having the connection relationship of row  1  and row  2  are alternately positioned when the row is changed. 
     Therefore, when 2*2 pixels are set as an exemplary pixel group, pixels positioned in a diagonal direction have the same connection relationship. That is, the first pixel electrode  191   a  of a pixel that is positioned on row  1  and column  1  is connected to the second switching element Q 2 , the first pixel electrode  191   a  of a pixel that is positioned on row  2  and column  2  is connected to the second switching element Q 2 , the second pixel electrode  191   b  of a pixel that is positioned on row  1  and column  2  is connected to the first switching element Q 1 , and the second pixel electrode  191   b  of a pixel that is positioned on row  2  and column  1  is connected to the first switching element Q 1 . 
     Hereinafter, referring to  FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7 , the operations of the liquid crystal displays of  FIGS. 4 and 5  are described. 
       FIG. 6  and  FIG. 7  are diagrams showing charged voltages of liquid crystal capacitors of eight adjacent pixels and data voltages applied to data lines that are displayed in two successive frames using a minimum voltage and a maximum voltage which are 0V and 15V, respectively, in the liquid crystal display according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     In this example, the minimum voltage of 0V and the maximum voltage of 15V are applied to the first voltage line and the second voltage line, respectively. In addition, the voltages applied to the data lines are the maximum driving voltage, the minimum driving voltage, and a voltage therebetween. 
     Referring to  FIG. 6 , when a target charged voltage of the pixel on row  1  and column  1  is 7V, 7V is applied to the data line and when a target charged voltage of the pixel on row  1  and column  2  is 12V, 3V is applied to the data line, respectively. In addition, when a target charged voltage of the pixel on row  1  and column  3  is 4V, 4V is applied to the data line and when the target charged voltage of the pixel on row  1  and column  4  is 7V, 8V is applied to the data line. In this example, a positive data voltage is applied to odd-column pixels on the basis of the voltage of the voltage line VL 1  and a negative data voltage is applied to even-column pixels on the basis of the voltage of the voltage line VL 2  to enable column-inversion driving, thereby improving display characteristics. 
     In addition, the same data voltage is applied to even the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 7  with the same target charged voltage as  FIG. 6 . 
     However, in the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 7 , 0V is applied to a first pixel electrode on row  1  and column  1 , and 7V is applied to a second pixel electrode on row  1  and column  1  on the basis of the first pixel electrode  191   a  such that a negative pixel voltage is formed in the pixel on row  1  and column  1  on the basis of the first pixel electrode  191   b . In addition, 7V is applied to a first pixel electrode on row  2  and column  1 , and 0V is applied to the second pixel electrode  191   b  on row  2  and column  1  contrary to the first pixel electrode  191   a  such that a positive pixel voltage is formed in the pixel on row  2  and column  1  on the basis of the first pixel electrode  191   a . Like this, in the layout of the pixels of  FIG. 7 , point-inversion driving can be acquired unlike the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 6  such that it is possible to acquire a liquid crystal display which can further reduce the influence of flickering than the liquid crystal display of  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart of a process for disposing a pixel electrode capable of preventing a flickering error caused by a luminance difference according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention. 
     As in step  801 , a pixel electrode is disposed which comprises a first electrode and a second electrode. And the pixel electrode includes a vertical stem, a horizontal stem including an upper stem, a central stem and a lower stem and a plurality of branches. Each of the branches corresponding to each of the first electrode and the second electrode is alternatively arranged at an interval with an oblique orientation approximately 45 degree with respect to the vertical stem or the horizontal stem. In some examples, the vertical stem includes a first vertical stem and a second vertical stem, and triangular shaped protrusions are disposed both ends of the first vertical stem. And a plurality of extensions are disposed on each of the branches parallel to the first vertical stem. An isosceles triangular protrusion is disposed on the middle of the second vertical stem protruding toward the horizontal stem. The first electrode further includes the triangular shaped protrusions, the first vertical stem, the central horizontal stem, the pulrality of branches and the plurality of extensions. The second electrode further comprises isosceles triangular protrusion, the upper horizontal stem, the lower horizontal stem, the plurality of branches, and the plurality of extensions. According to exemplary embodiments the pixel electrode includes a quadrangular shape. According to exemplary embodiments, the various shaped patterns may be formed by way of configurations. As in step  803 , lengths of the branches corresponding to the first electrode and the second electrode are determined whether the sum of the each length is substantially similar and symmetric to each other. In some examples, a sum of lengths of the branches corresponding to first electrode is about 90% to 100% of a sum of lengths of the branches corresponding to the second electrode. In this method, 
     a luminance difference is not generated due to the asymmetry between the first pixel electrode  191   a  and the second pixel electrode  191   b , as a result, a flickering phenomenon can be reduced. 
     It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.