Patent Publication Number: US-2012034369-A1

Title: Vaporizing apparatus, substrate processing apparatus, coating and developing apparatus, and substrate processing method

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-176703, filed on Aug. 5, 2010, in the Japan Patent Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein their entirety by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a vaporizing apparatus for vaporizing a liquid chemical to generate a process gas for processing a substrate, such as a semiconductor wafer or a glass substrate for a flat panel display (FPD), a substrate processing apparatus including the vaporizing apparatus, a coating and developing apparatus including the substrate processing apparatus, and a substrate processing method. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In a fabrication process for a semiconductor device or a FPD, a photolithography process is essentially necessary. In order to increase the adhesion between a wafer (or an underlayer) and a photoresist film formed in this process, a hydrophobization process is performed on the surface of the wafer before a photoresist liquid is applied onto the wafer. For example, the hydrophobization process is performed by spraying a hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) gas (including vapor) onto the surface of the wafer. Because the hydrophobization process can prevent the photoresist film from peeling off, it is useful for a liquid-immersion exposing process that performs exposure by interposing water between a wafer and an exposure head. 
     A conventional substrate processing apparatus used in a hydrophobization process includes a storage tank for storing a HMDS liquid, a carrier gas supply source connected through a pipe to an inlet of the storage tank to supply a carrier gas into the storage tank, and a process chamber connected through a pipe to an outlet of the storage tank to receive a process target substrate (for example, Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 10-41214). According to this apparatus, a carrier gas is supplied from the carrier gas supply source into the storage tank to bubble and vaporize a HMDS liquid in the storage tank, and the resulting HMDS gas is supplied into the process chamber together with the carrier gas. In the process chamber, the wafer is exposed to the HMDS gas, thereby hydrophobizing the surface of the wafer. 
     In the above substrate processing apparatus, the supply of the carrier gas into the storage tank is detected in order to detect that the wafer has been exposed to the HMDS gas (vapor). However, since the storage tank is spaced apart from the process chamber, a long pipe extending from the storage tank to the process chamber may cause some problems. For example, if a leakage occurs at the long pipe, there may be a case where it is determined that the wafer has not been exposed to the HMDS gas, even though the supply of the carrier gas is accurately detected. In another method, a manometer is installed at the pipe extended between the storage tank and the process chamber to detect the carrier gas containing the HMDS gas. However, it is difficult to detect, by the manometer, whether the HMDS gas is contained in the carrier gas. 
     However, in the above substrate processing apparatus, it is difficult to efficiently supply the HMDS gas because the supply amount of the HMDS gas is limited by the vapor pressure of the HMDS in the storage tank. In order to solve this problem, there has been proposed a vaporizing apparatus that directly vaporizes HMDS and carries the vaporized HMDS to the process chamber (for example, Japanese Laid-open Patent Publication No. 2009-194246). However, also in this apparatus, it is determined whether the wafer has been exposed to the HMDS gas, by detecting the supply of the carrier gas. 
     In the meantime, the HMDS gas may be detected in the process chamber in order to determine whether the wafer has been exposed to the HMDS gas. However, this requires a relatively massive HMDS detector, which causes the increase in the size of the substrate processing apparatus as well as the size of a coating and developing apparatus including the substrate processing apparatus, thus failing to satisfy a requirement for space saving. Also, the HMDS detector is expensive, thus increasing the cost of the substrate processing apparatus. 
     SUMMARY 
     The present disclosure provides some embodiments of a vaporizing apparatus that can easily detect whether a process gas generated by vaporizing a chemical liquid is supplied to a substrate, a substrate processing apparatus including the vaporizing apparatus, a coating and developing apparatus including the substrate processing apparatus, and a substrate processing method. 
     According to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, a vaporizing apparatus includes: a heating plate disposed in a container to heat and vaporize a liquid chemical; a gas supply unit configured to supply into the container a carrier gas for carrying the chemical vaporized by the heating plate; a first detecting unit configured to detect the supply of the carrier gas into the container; and a second detecting unit configured to detect the vaporization of the liquid chemical by the heating plate. 
     According to a second embodiment of the present disclosure, a substrate processing apparatus includes: the vaporizing apparatus according to the first embodiment; a chamber configured to receive a susceptor on which a process target substrate is mounted; and an introducing unit configured to connect the vaporizing apparatus to the chamber and introduce a carrier gas containing a vaporized chemical from the vaporizing apparatus into the chamber. 
     According to a third embodiment of the present disclosure, a coating and developing apparatus includes: the substrate processing apparatus according to the second embodiment; a photoresist film forming unit configured to form a photoresist film on a substrate; and a developing unit configured to develop the photoresist film exposed after being formed by the photoresist film forming unit. 
     According to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure, a substrate processing method includes: supplying a carrier gas into a container; performing a first detecting operation of detecting the supply of the carrier gas into the container; supplying a liquid chemical to a heating plate that is disposed in the container to heat and vaporize the liquid chemical; supplying the carrier gas carrying the vaporized chemical to a process target substrate; performing a second detecting operation of detecting the vaporization of the liquid chemical by the heating plate; and determining that the vaporized chemical has been supplied to the process target substrate, on the basis of the result of the first detecting operation and the result of the second detecting operation. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure, and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic side view of a vaporizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 2A  is a schematic top view of a heating plate and a vaporizing plate used in the vaporizing apparatus of  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 2B  is a cross-sectional view of the heating plate and the vaporizing plate of  FIG. 2A , taken along a line I-I. 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic side view of a substrate processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 4  is a view of a process gas supply unit of the substrate processing apparatus of  FIG. 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is a graph of an example of a temperature change accompanying the vaporization of a liquid chemical in the heating plate of the vaporizing apparatus of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 6  is a top view of a coating and developing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure 
         FIG. 7  is a side view of the coating and developing apparatus of  FIG. 6 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, non-limitative exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements, and a duplicate description thereof will be omitted. Also, in the drawings, the sizes of elements and the relative sizes between elements are exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Therefore, the thicknesses and dimensions of elements should be determined in consideration of the non-limitative exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. 
     A vaporizing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to  FIG. 1 . Referring to  FIG. 1 , a vaporizing apparatus  10  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a container  11 , a heating plate  12  disposed in the container  11 , and a vaporizing plate  13  mounted on the heating plate  12 . 
     The container  11  includes a container body  11   b  and a ceiling plate  11   a.  For example, the container body  11   b  is formed of a stainless steel and has an approximately cylindrical shape, as shown in  FIG. 1 . An opening portion is formed at a bottom portion of the container  11 , and the heating plate  12  is disposed to cover the opening portion. Specifically, the heating plate  12  is disposed at a bottom portion of the container body  11   b,  for example, by a metal seal (not shown). A supply pipe  11   c  and an exhaust pipe  11   d  are installed at the container body  11   b.  The supply pipe  11   e  is configured to guide a carrier gas from a carrier gas supply source  18  into the container  11 . The exhaust pipe  11   d  is configured to introduce a carrier gas and an HMDS gas (including vapor), carried in the carrier gas, from the container  11  to a substrate processing apparatus (which will be described below). The supply pipe  11   c  and the exhaust pipe  11   d  are installed at the opposite sides of the bottom portion of the container body  11   b  with the heating plate  12  interposed therebetween. 
     The carrier gas supply source  18  and the supply pipe  11   c  are connected to each other by a carrier gas pipe  17   a.  For example, a valve (not shown) or a flow controller  17   b  such as a mass flow controller is installed at the carrier gas pipe  17   a.  Also, a nitrogen (N 2 ) gas may be used as the carrier gas. Also, an inert gas, such as helium (He), may be used as the carrier gas. 
     For example, the ceiling plate  11   a  is formed of an acrylic glass and is mounted on a top portion of the container body  11   b,  for example, through an O-ring (not shown). The O-ring is modified by the weight of the ceiling plate  11   a  to maintain a hermetic seal between the ceiling plate  11   a  and the container body  11   b,  thereby maintaining the airtightness of the container  11 . Also, a sensor  15  (which will be described below) is installed at the ceiling plate  11   a  to face the heating plate  12 . For example, the sensor  15  is connected to a conductive wire that is hermetically introduced into the container  11  through a current introduction terminal (not shown) installed at the ceiling plate  11   a.  Accordingly, a signal from the sensor  15  is inputted into a control unit  19 . 
     The heating plate  12  is formed of a metal with a high thermal conductivity (e.g., aluminum) and has a disk shape in the present embodiment. For example, the heating plate  12  may have a diameter of about 50 mm to about 150 mm and may have a thickness of about 1 mm to about 10 mm (preferably about 4 mm). Also, a through hole is formed at an approximately central portion of the heating plate  12 , and an HMDS supply pipe  14  is inserted thereinto. A HMDS supply source (not shown) is connected to the HMDS supply pipe  14 , and a valve (not shown) or a flow controller is installed at the HMDS supply pipe  14  to control a flow of an HMDS liquid. According to this configuration, an HMDS liquid is supplied from the HMDS supply source to a top surface of the heating plate  12  at a flow rate controlled at a predetermined timing. Also, a heater  12   h  is embedded in the heating plate  12  to surround the HMDS supply pipe  14 , and power is supplied to the heater  12   h  from a power supply unit  16   b  through a conductive wire  167 . Accordingly, the heating plate  12  is heated. Also, a thermoelectric couple TC is embedded in the heating plate  12 , a temperature of the heating plate  12  is measured and controlled by the thermoelectric, couple TC and a temperature controller  16   a  along with the power supply unit  16   b.  The heating plate  12  is heated to a temperature higher than an HMDS vaporization temperature, for example, to a temperature of about 50° C. to about 120° C. (preferably about 90° C.). Also, it is preferable that the thermoelectric couple TC has a front end (a temperature measurement end) spaced apart by a distance of about 2 mm from the top surface of the heating plate  12 . If the front end of the thermoelectric couple TC is located at such a position, a temperature change of the heating plate  12  can be immediately detected. 
     As shown in the upper portion of  FIG. 2A , the vaporizing plate  13  mounted on the top surface of the heating plate  12  includes a mesh formed of a metal (e.g., a stainless steel), and has a diameter that is approximately equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the heating plate  12 . As shown in the lower portion of  FIG. 2A , the metal mesh may be formed of a metal wire  13   t  with a diameter of about 0.04 mm and may have a scale (a scale opening width) of about 0.05 mm to about 0.5 mm. When an HMDS liquid is supplied from the HMDS supply pipe  14  of  FIG. 1  to the top surface of the heating plate  12 , the HMDS liquid is thinly spread on the top surface of the heating plate  12  along the metal wire  13   t  of the vaporizing plate  13 , as shown in  FIG. 2B  which is a cross-section view taken along a line I-I of  FIG. 2A , and is efficiently vaporized by the heat generated from the heating plate  12 . Also, the distance between the vaporizing plate  13  and the ceiling plate  11   a  may be, for example, about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, preferably about 2 mm. 
     The control unit  19  is electrically connected to the sensor  15 , the flow controller  17   b,  the temperature controller  16   a,  and the power supply unit  16   b.  Accordingly, the control unit  19  may receive an output signal from the sensor  15 , a signal indicating the carrier gas flow rate from the flow controller  17   b,  a signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  from the temperature controller  16   a,  and a signal indicating the power supplied from the power supply unit  16   b  to the heater  12   h.  Accordingly, for example, based on the signal indicating the carrier gas flow rate received from the flow controller  17   b,  and the signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a,  the control unit  19  determines whether the HMDS gas vaporized and generated by the heating plate  12  has been supplied to a substrate processing apparatus (which will be described below) connected to the vaporizing apparatus  10 . If it is determined that the HMDS gas vaporized and generated by the heating plate  12  has not been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus connected to the vaporizing apparatus  10 , the control unit  19  may output an alarm signal. The alarm signal may be outputted to the substrate processing apparatus to stop an operation of the substrate processing apparatus. Alternatively or additionally, the alarm signal may be outputted to a warning lighting unit or a warning buzzer. 
     Also, the control unit  19  may not be electrically connected to all of the sensor  15 , the flow controller  17   b,  the temperature controller  16   a,  and the power supply unit  16   b.  As described below, depending on which signal is to be used, the control unit  19  may be connected to any output source of the signal to be used. 
     A substrate processing apparatus including a vaporizing apparatus according  t o an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to  FIG. 3 . As shown in  FIG. 3 , a substrate processing apparatus  20  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a chamber body  22 , a cover part  21  mounted on a top portion of the chamber body  22 , and a susceptor  24  which is disposed in the chamber body  22  and on which a process target wafer is mounted. 
     The chamber body  22  is formed of, for example, a stainless steel and has a cylindrical shape with a flat bottom. An opening portion  22   b  is formed at a bottom portion of the chamber body  22 , and the susceptor  24  is disposed to cover the opening portion  22   b.  The susceptor  24  is disposed at a bottom portion of the chamber body  22 , for example, through a metal seal (not shown). An annular groove  23  is formed at a bottom surface of a sidewall portion of the chamber body  22 . A plurality of purge gas supply pipes  23   a  are connected to a bottom portion of the annular groove  23 , and a purge gas is supplied through the purge gas supply pipes  23   a  from a purge gas supply source (not shown). A plurality of through holes  22   a  is formed at the sidewall portion of the chamber body  22  to communicate with the annular grooves  23 . The purge gas from the purge gas supply source may be supplied through the purge gas supply pipe  23   a,  the annular groove  23 , and the through hole  22   a  to an internal space S that is defined by the chamber body  22  and the cover part  21 . Also, a nitrogen (N 2 ) gas may be used as the purge gas, or an inert gas may be used as the purge gas. 
     Similar to the chamber body  22 , the cover part  21  is formed of, for example, a stainless steel and has a cylindrical shape with a flat cover. The cover part  21  is mounted on a top portion of the chamber body  22 , for example, through an O-ring (not shown), thereby maintaining the airtightness of the internal space S. Also, the cover part  21  and the chamber body  22  may be spaced apart from each other by a lift mechanism (not shown). When the cover part  21  and the chamber body  22  are spaced apart from each other, a carrier arm (not shown) is used to carry in the wafer onto the susceptor  24  and carry out the wafer from the susceptor  24 . 
     A through hole  21   h  is formed at an approximately central portion of the cover part  21  to communicate with the exhaust pipe  11   d  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 . Specifically, the exhaust pipe  11   d  of the vaporizing apparatus  10  is hermetically coupled to a top surface of the cover part  21 , for example, by a metal seal. Accordingly, a carrier gas from the vaporizing apparatus  10  and an HMDS gas carried by the carrier gas (hereinafter referred to as a carrier gas including an HMDS gas) are supplied to the internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Also, a supply terminal  21   i  is installed at a bottom portion of the through hole  21   h.  As illustrated in  FIG. 4 , the supply terminal  21   i  includes a plate  21   p  that is disposed at an opening of the through hole  21   h  and has a plurality of supply holes  21   q  formed therein. The respective supply holes  21   q  may have a diameter of, for example, about 0.5 mm to about 2 mm, and may be formed in a more dense distribution toward the outer periphery of the plate  21   p.  The carrier gas including the HMDS gas flows through the internal space S uniformly by the supply terminal  21   i,  and the wafer W mounted on the susceptor  24  is processed uniformly. 
     Referring back to  FIG. 3 , an annular groove  21   b  is formed in a sidewall portion of the cover part  21 . The annular groove  21   b  communicates with the through hole  22   a  formed at a sidewall portion of the chamber body  22 . An inner side of the annular groove  21   b  in the sidewall portion of the cover part  21  is spaced apart from the chamber body  22  by a predetermined distance. Through this space, the annular groove  21   b  communicates with the internal space S. Also, an exhaust pipe  21   c  is formed at the cover part  21 . In an inside portion of the annular groove  21   b,  the exhaust pipe  21   c  is opened toward the chamber body  22  and to the top surface of the cover part  21 . An opening of the exhaust pipe  21   c  on the top surface of the cover part  21  is connected to an exhaust device (not shown). Accordingly, the carrier gas including the HMDS gas supplied from the vaporizing apparatus  10  is exhausted into the internal space S of the chamber. 
     The susceptor  24  is formed of, for example, a metal and has a flat disk shape with a diameter greater than the diameter of the wafer W mounted on the susceptor  24 . Also, it is preferable that three through holes are formed at the susceptor  24 . Through these through holes, a lift pin  25  may be lifted by a lift mechanism  26 . When the cover part  21  and the chamber body  22  are spaced apart from each other, the lift pin  25  and the carrier arm (not shown) cooperate to mount the wafer W on the susceptor  24  and lift the wafer W from the susceptor  24 . Also, the lift pin  25  and the lift mechanism  26  is received in a housing  27  installed at a bottom surface of the susceptor  24 , so that the lift pin  25  and the lift mechanism  26  are isolated from the external environment by the housing  27 . 
     Also, a heater  24   h  is embedded in the susceptor  24 , and the temperature of the susceptor  24  is controlled by a temperature sensor, a temperature controller and a heater power supply (not shown). Accordingly, the wafer W on the susceptor  24  is heated to a predetermined temperature and is exposed at the temperature to the HMDS gas received from the vaporizing apparatus  10 , so that the surface of the wafer W is hydrophobized. 
     An operation of the vaporizing apparatus  10  and an operation of the substrate processing apparatus  20  (i.e., a substrate processing method) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In the following description, it is assumed that the signal indicating the carrier gas flow rate received from the flow controller  17   b,  and the signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a  are inputted to the control unit  19  shown in  FIG. 1 . 
     (Carrying-in Wafer to Substrate Processing Apparatus  20 ) 
     First, by the lift mechanism (not shown), the cover part  21  of the substrate processing apparatus  20  and the chamber body  22  ( FIG. 3 ) are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. Through the space between the cover part  21  and the chamber body  22 , the carrier arm (not shown) is used to carry the wafer W onto the susceptor  24 . Then, the lift pin  25  ascends and picks up the wafer W from the carrier arm. Then, the carrier arm is withdrawn, and the lift pin  25  descends and mounts the wafer W on the susceptor  24 . Then, the cover part  21  and the chamber body  22  are brought into close contact with each other to maintain the airtightness of the internal space S. 
     (Supplying Carrier Gas) 
     Thereafter, a carrier gas is supplied from the carrier gas supply source  18  of the vaporizing apparatus  10  through the carrier gas pipe  17   a  into the container  11  (refer to  FIG. 1 ). The carrier gas supplied into the container  11  flows through the supply pipe  11   c,  the space of the container  11 , the exhaust pipe  11   d,  the through hole  21   h  of the cover part  21  of the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and the supply terminal  21   i,  into the internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20  (refer to  FIG. 3 ). Then, the carrier gas is exhausted through the exhaust pipe  21   c  formed at the cover part  21  of the substrate processing apparatus  20 . The internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20  is purged by this carrier gas flow. Also, during the purge of the internal space S, the purge gas is supplied through the purge gas supply pipe  23   a,  the annular groove  23 , and the through hole  22   a.  The flow (i.e., exhaust flow) of the gas through the exhaust pipe  21   c  is controlled to be greater than the sum of the flow of the carrier gas supplied from the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the flow of the purge gas supplied from the purge gas supply pipe  23   a.  Accordingly, the internal space S maintains a negative pressure with respect to the external environment, which prevents the discharge of the HMDS gas into the atmosphere. 
     For example, when the carrier gas flows into the container  11  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 , the flow controller  17   b,  outputs a carrier gas flow indication signal to the control unit  19 . Based on the carrier gas flow indication signal which is inputted to the control unit  19 , the control unit  19  determines that the carrier gas has been supplied into the container  11 . 
     (Supplying HMDS) 
     After the internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20  is purged, the heater  24   h  heats the susceptor  24  to heat the wafer W on the susceptor  24  to a predetermined temperature. After the temperature of the wafer W is stabilized at the predetermined temperature, the vaporizing apparatus  10  supplies an HMDS liquid from the HMDS supply source (not shown) through the HMDS supply pipe  14  to the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13 . At this point, the heating plate  12  maintains a predetermined temperature (e.g., 90° C.). For example, the supply amount of the HMDS liquid (the supply amount of the HMDS liquid necessary to hydrophobize one wafer W) may be about 150 μl to about 200 μl. The supplied HMDS liquid is vaporized by the heating plate  12 , and the vaporized HMDS gas is carried by the carrier gas to the internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Accordingly, the surface of the wafer Won the susceptor  24  is hydrophobized by being exposed to the HMDS gas. 
       FIG. 5  is a graph showing an example of a temperature change in the heating plate  12  when the HMDS liquid is supplied to the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 . In this example, the HMDS liquid is supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20  for about 2 seconds. The HDMS liquid is vaporized by the heat from the heating plate  12  while spreading over the top surface of the heating plate  12  along the metal wire  13   t  (refer to  FIG. 2 ) of the vaporizing plate  13 . At this point, since the amount of heat released from the heating plate  12  corresponds to the vaporization heat, the temperature of the heating plate  12  decreases, for example, by a few degrees, as shown in  FIG. 5 . This temperature decrease is remarkable in comparison with the temperature stability of the heating plate  12  (e.g., about ±0.1° C. for a set value), and thus the generation of vaporization heat by the temperature decrease, that is, the supply of the HMDS liquid, can be detected. Specifically, when the temperature controller  16   a  outputs a signal indicating the temperature of the vaporizing plate  12  to the control unit  19 , the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS liquid has been supplied to generate the HMDS gas, for example, based on the fact that the strength of the signal decreases below a predetermined threshold value. 
     As described above, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 , by determining that the carrier gas has been supplied into the container  11  (hereinafter referred to as a first determination) and determining that the HMDS gas has been generated (hereinafter referred to as a second determination). On the other hand, if either the first determination or the second determination is not made even after the lapse of a predetermined time from the completion time point of the carry of the wafer W into the substrate processing apparatus  20 , the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has not been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and outputs an alarm signal to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . In response to the alarm signal, the substrate processing apparatus  20  may stop the hydrophobization process and simultaneously output, for example, a signal for turning on a warning light or generating a warning sound. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a photoresist film from being formed on the non-hydrophobized wafer W. 
     Also, as shown in  FIG. 5 , the temperature of the heating plate  12  is controlled by the temperature controller  16   a  and the power supply unit  16   b  to return to 90° C. within a few seconds after the temperature decrease. That is, the heating plate  12  can maintain a predetermined temperature until a hydrophobization process is performed on the next wafer W. 
     Modified embodiments of the vaporizing apparatus  10  will be described below. In the modified embodiments, different signals are used for determination by the control unit  19 . 
     First Modified Embodiment 
     In the first modified embodiment, the control unit  19  uses the output signal of the sensor  15  serving as a pressure sensor and the signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a.  In this case, the control unit  19  may be electrically connected only to the sensor  15  and the temperature controller  16   a.    
     Examples of the pressure sensor include a semiconductor diaphragm sensor, a capacitive sensor, an elastic diaphragm sensor, a piezoelectric sensor, a vibration sensor, a Bourdon tube sensor, and a bellows sensor. As shown in  FIG. 1 , since the sensor  15  as the temperature sensor is installed at the ceiling plate  11   a  in the container  11 , it can detect the supply of the carrier gas from the pressure change in the container  11  when the carrier gas is supplied from the carrier gas supply source  18  through the carrier gas pipe  17   a  into the container  11 . Specifically, if a signal indicating the pressure from the sensor  15  serving as a pressure sensor is inputted into the control unit  19 , when the strength of the signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the control unit  19  determines that the carrier gas has been supplied (the first determination). Meanwhile, as described above, the generation of the HMDS gas is determined based on a signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a  (the second determination). Accordingly, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Meanwhile, if either the first determination or the second determination is not made within a predetermined time, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has not been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and outputs an alarm signal to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . 
     Second Modified Embodiment 
     In the second modified embodiment, the control unit  19  uses the output signal of the sensor  15  serving as a temperature sensor and the signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a.  In this case, the control unit  19  may be electrically connected only to the sensor  15  and the temperature controller  16   a.    
     Examples of the temperature sensor include a thermoelectric couple (TC) and a temperature measurement resistor such as a thermistor or a platinum resistance temperature detector. As shown in  FIG. 1 , since the sensor  15  is installed at the ceiling plate  11   a  in the container  11 , it can detect the supply of the carrier gas from the temperature change in the container  11  when the carrier gas is supplied from the carrier gas supply source  18  through the carrier gas pipe  17   a  into the container  11 . Specifically, since the heating plate  12  is heated to a temperature of about 90° C., the temperature in the container  11  is also approximately 90° C. in the normal state. However, if the carrier gas, whose temperature is maintained at about 23° C. equal to the environmental temperature in a crane room, is supplied into the container  11 , the temperature in the container  11  is decreased by the carrier gas. Thus, if a signal indicating the temperature in the container  11  received from the sensor  15  serving as a temperature sensor is inputted into the control unit  19 , when the strength of the signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the control unit  19  determines that the carrier gas has been supplied (the first determination). Meanwhile, as described above, the generation of the HMDS gas is determined based on a signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a  (the second determination). Accordingly, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Meanwhile, if either the first determination or the second determination is not made within a predetermined time, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has not been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and then outputs an alarm signal to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . 
     Third Modified Embodiment 
     In the third modified embodiment, instead of the thermoelectric couple TC, the power supply unit  16   b  supplying power to the heater  12   h  of the heating plate  12  of the vaporizing apparatus  10  is used as a detector unit for detecting the generation of the HMDS gas. In this case, the temperature controller  16   a  and the control unit  19  are not necessarily connected to each other. Instead, the power supply unit  16   b  is electrically connected to the control unit  19 . 
     When a HMDS liquid is supplied to the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13  and the HMDS liquid is vaporized, the temperature of the heating plate  12  decreases, as described above. When this temperature decrease is detected by the thermoelectric couple TC, the power supply unit  16   b  increases the power supplied to the heater  12   h,  based on the signal received from the temperature controller  16   a.  Thus, if a signal indicating the power supplied from the power supply unit  16   b  to the heater  12   h  is inputted into the control unit  19 , when the strength of the signal exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has been generated (the second determination). Meanwhile, a signal received from one of the flow controller  17   b,  the pressure sensor  15 , and the temperature sensor  15  is inputted into the control unit  19 , and it is determined based on the signal that the carrier gas has been supplied (the first determination). Based on the first determination and the second determination, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Meanwhile, if either the first determination or the second determination is not made within a predetermined time, the control unit  19  determines that the HMDS gas has not been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and then outputs an alarm signal to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . 
     As described above, according to the vaporizing apparatus  10  according to the above embodiments (including the modified embodiments), the supply of the carrier gas is detected and a temperature decrease (corresponding to vaporization heat) of the heating plate  12  is detected during the vaporization of the HMDS liquid, thereby determining that the carrier gas containing the HMDS gas has been supplied to the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Thus, a more reliable determination can be made as compared to the case where a determination is made only from the supply of the carrier gas. Also, since the vaporization heat of the HMDS liquid is detected, for example, from the temperature decrease of the heating plate  12  in a simplified manner, the supply of the HMDS gas can be determined more easily and cost-efficiently as compared to the case where an HMDS detecting sensor is installed in the internal space S of the substrate processing apparatus  20 . 
     Also, for example, in the graph of  FIG. 5 , since the vaporization amount of the HMDS liquid can be estimated by an integral value of a line L which has an approximately V-shape (e.g., an area surrounded by the line L and a predetermined temperature (90° C.)), it is possible to quantify the HMDS gas exposed to the surface of the wafer W. Accordingly, it is possible to manage the reproducibility of the hydrophobization process in a stricter manner. 
     Also, since the heating plate  12  is formed of aluminum having a high thermal conductivity, the temperature decrease by the vaporization heat can be detected rapidly. Also, since the front end of the thermoelectric couple TC is disposed around the top surface of the heating plate  12  (e.g., about 2 mm from the top surface), the temperature decrease by the vaporization heat can be detected rapidly. Also, according to the substrate processing apparatus  20  including the vaporizing apparatus  10 , since the supply of the HMDS gas from the vaporizing apparatus  10  is determined in a more simplified and cost-efficient manner, the wafer W in the substrate processing apparatus  20  can be surely exposed to the HMDS gas. That is, the advantages and effects of the vaporizing apparatus  10  are also provided in the substrate processing apparatus  20 . 
     A coating and developing apparatus including a vaporizing apparatus and a substrate processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to  FIGS. 6 and 7 .  FIG. 6  is a top view of the coating and developing apparatus, and  FIG. 7  is a side view of the coating and developing apparatus of  FIG. 6 . Referring to  FIG. 6 , a coating and developing apparatus  30  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a carrier block B 1 , a process block B 2 , and an interface block B 3 . The interface block B 3  is coupled to an exposing apparatus B 4 . 
     The carrier block B 1  includes a mounting unit  60  on which a closed-type carrier C is mounted, and a carrier arm  62  for taking out a wafer from the carrier C mounted on the mounting unit  60 , carrying the wafer to the process block B 2 , and receiving the wafer, processed by the process block B 2 , into the carrier C. 
     Referring to  FIG. 7 , in the process block B 2 , a DEV layer L 1  for performing a developing process, a BCT layer L 2  for forming an antireflection film as an underlayer of a photoresist film, a COT layer L 3  for coating a photoresist liquid, and a TCT layer L 4  for forming an antireflection film on the photoresist film, are installed sequentially from the bottom. 
     In the DEV layer L 1 , a developing unit  68  shown in  FIG. 6  is stacked in a two-stage structure, and a carrier arm  69   a  is installed to carry the two-stage developing unit  68  to the wafer W. Although not shown in the drawings, a process unit group including a coating unit for spin-coating a chemical liquid to form an antireflection film, and a heating unit or a cooling unit for performing preprocessing and post-processing for the process performed in the coating unit, is installed in the BCT layer L 2  and the TCT layer L 4 . Also, in order to transfer the wafer W between the respective units, a carrier arm  69   b  is installed in the BCT layer L 2  and a carrier arm  69   d  is installed in the TCT layer L 4 . The vaporizing apparatus  10 , the substrate processing apparatus  20 , and a coating unit (not shown) for forming a photoresist film, are disposed in the COT layer L 3 . 
     Also, the above various units are stacked and disposed in a process unit group  63  of  FIG. 6 , corresponding to the respective layers L 1  to L 4 . The vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are also disposed therein. 
     In the process block B 2 , a first shelf unit  64  is installed at the side of the carrier block B 1 , a second shelf unit  65  is installed at the side of the interface block B 3 , and a liftable carrier arm  66  is installed near the first shelf unit  64  to carry the wafer W between the respective units of the first shelf unit  64 . A plurality of transfer units are installed in the first shelf unit  64  and the second shelf unit  65 . Among the transfer units, the transfer units denoted by “CPL+numeral” are provided with a cooling unit for temperature control and the transfer units denoted by “BF+numeral” are provided with a buffer unit capable of mounting a plurality of wafers W. 
     The interface block B 3  includes an interface arm  67  configured to transfer the wafer W between the second shelf unit  65  and the exposing apparatus B 4 . The exposing apparatus B 4  performs an exposing process for the wafer W carried from the interface arm  67 . 
     In this coating and developing apparatus  30 , in a case of forming a photoresist pattern on the wafer W, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  62  from the carrier block B 1  to the transfer unit of the first shelf unit  64 , for example, the transfer unit CPL 2  corresponding to the BCT layer L 2 . Then, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  66  to the transfer unit CPL 3  and is carried by the carrier arm  69   c  into the COT layer L 3 . In the COT layer L 3 , the surface (or the uppermost layer) of the wafer W is hydrophobized by the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20 . Then, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  69   c  to the coating unit, in which a photoresist film is formed. Since the surface (or the uppermost layer) of the wafer W is hydrophobized, the photoresist film is formed to have a high adhesion with respect to the surface (or the uppermost layer) of the wafer W. 
     Thereafter, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  69   c  to the transfer unit BF 3  of the first shelf unit  64 . The wafer W carried to the transfer unit BF 3  is carried by the carrier arm  66  to the transfer unit CPL 4  and is carried by the carrier arm  69   d  to the TCT layer L 4 . Then, in the TCT layer L 4 , an antireflection film is formed on the photoresist film of the wafer W and it is carried to the transfer unit TRS 4 . Also, depending on requirements, an antireflection film is not formed on the photoresist film, or an antireflection film is formed directly on the wafer W in the BCT layer L 2  instead of performing a hydrophobization process for the wafer W. 
     A shuttle arm  70  is installed at a top portion of the DEV layer L 1  (refer to  FIG. 7 ). The shuttle arm  70  is configured to directly carry the wafer W from the transfer unit CPL 11  of the first shelf unit  64  to the transfer unit CPL 12  of the second shelf unit  65 . The wafer W having the photoresist film or the antireflection film is carried by the carrier arm  66  ( FIG. 6 ) from the transfer unit BF 3  or TRS 4  to the transfer unit CPL 11  and is carried by the shuttle arm  70  to the transfer unit CPL 12 . 
     The wafer W carried by the shuttle arm  70  to the transfer unit CPL 12  is carried by the interface arm  67  ( FIG. 6 ) of the interface block B 3  to the exposing apparatus B 4  through the interface block B 3 . Then, in the exposing apparatus B 4 , after the photoresist film formed on the wafer W exposed, the wafer W is carried by the interface arm  67  to the transfer unit TRS 6  of the second shelf unit  65 . Then, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  69   a  to the DEV layer L 1 . Herein, after the exposed photoresist film is developed, the wafer W is carried by the carrier arm  69   a  to the transfer unit TRS 1  of the first shelf unit  64  and is received by the carrier arm  62  in the carrier C. In this manner, a photoresist pattern is formed on the wafer W by the coating and developing apparatus  30  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     The coating and developing apparatus  30  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, thereby making it possible to reliably perform a hydrophobization process using HMDS. 
     While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosures. Indeed, the novel methods and apparatuses described herein may be embodied in a variety of substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosures. 
     The signal indicating the temperature of the heating plate  12  received from the temperature controller  16   a  may be, for example, an output voltage of the thermoelectric couple TC. That is, the temperature controller  16   a  receiving an output voltage from the thermoelectric couple TC may directly output the output voltage to the control unit  19 . Also, instead of the thermoelectric couple TC, a temperature measurement resistor such as a thermistor or a platinum resistance temperature detector may be used to detect the temperature of the heating plate  12 . Also, the signal indicating power supplied from the power supply unit  16   b  to the heater  12   h  may be, for example, a voltage of the power. 
     A mass flowmeter may be installed at the carrier gas pipe  17   a  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 , the control unit  19  may be electrically connected to the mass flowmeter, and a signal indicating a flow rate from the mass flowmeter may be inputted into the control unit  19 . Also, for example, a float-type flowmeter capable of outputting an electrical signal may be used instead of the mass flowmeter. 
     Also, the supply of the carrier gas may be detected by the thermoelectric couple TC installed at the heating plate  12  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 . That is, when the supply of the carrier gas is initiated, since the temperature of the heating plate  12  is decreased by the carrier gas, the supply of the carrier gas may be detected by the temperature decrease. Also, since the temperature decreased by the supply of the carrier gas returns to a predetermined temperature during the supply of the HMDS liquid, the temperature decrease by the vaporization of the HMDS liquid may be detected by the thermoelectric couple TC. Thus, in this case, the supply of the carrier gas into the container  11  and the generation of the HMDS gas are detected by the thermoelectric couple TC. In other words, the thermoelectric couple TC may serve as both the detecting unit for detecting the supply of the carrier gas into the container  11  and the detecting unit for detecting the vaporization of the HMDS liquid by the heating plate  12 . 
     It has been described that the heater  12   h  is embedded in the heating plate  12  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 . However, instead of the heater  12   h,  a heating lamp such as an infrared lamp may be used to heat the heating plate  12 . 
     In the coating and developing apparatus  30 , the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  may be arranged, for example, horizontally or vertically. Also, the supply pipe  11   c  of the vaporizing apparatus  10  may be installed at the ceiling plate  11   a,  and the exhaust pipe  11   d  may be installed at the bottom portion of the container body  11   b.  In this case, the vaporizing apparatus  10  can be easily disposed on the substrate processing apparatus  20 , thereby contributing to saving the space of the coating and developing apparatus  30 . 
     In the above embodiment, the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  are disposed in the process unit group  63  of the coating and developing apparatus  30 . However, the locations of the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  may be determined in consideration of the carrying efficiency of the wafer W. For example, the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  may be disposed to overlap with the developing unit  68 , corresponding to the COT layer L 3 , together with the photoresist coating unit. Also, the vaporizing apparatus  10  and the substrate processing apparatus  20  may be disposed in the first shelf unit  64 . The exhaust pipe  11   d  and the cover part  21  of the substrate processing apparatus  20  may be heated to a predetermined temperature in order to prevent condensing the HMDS gas vaporized by the heating plate  12  of the vaporizing apparatus  10 . The HMDS chemical is provided as an example in the above description. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any other liquid chemicals may also be used. The vaporizing plate  13  is not limited to a metal mesh, and may be implemented using a mesh that has corrosion resistance against a liquid chemical, such as HMDS, and is formed of a material that does not erupt. Also, the HMDS liquid is not limited to being supplied from below by the HMDS supply pipe  14  piercing the heating plate  12 , and may be dropped from above the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13 . 
     In the above embodiments, the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13  have a circular top shape. However, the heating plate  12  and the vaporizing plate  13  may have a square or rectangular shape. In this case, the length of one side may be about 50 mm to about 150 mm. 
     In the above description, a semiconductor wafer is exemplified as the wafer W. However, the wafer W may be a glass substrate for a FPD. That is, the vaporizing apparatus, the substrate processing apparatus, the coating and developing apparatus, and the substrate processing method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be used not only to fabricate a semiconductor device but also to fabricate a FPD. Also, the wafer W may be a substrate having transistors, electrodes and interconnections formed through certain fabrication processes. 
     According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a vaporizing apparatus that can easily detect whether a process gas generated by vaporizing a liquid chemical has been supplied to a substrate, a substrate processing apparatus including the vaporizing apparatus, a coating and developing apparatus including the substrate processing apparatus, and a substrate processing method. 
     While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosures. Indeed, the novel methods and apparatuses described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosures. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the disclosures.