Patent Publication Number: US-2022210998-A1

Title: Pet Waste Roll Assembly

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application, is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/698,559 filed Nov. 26, 2019, entitled “Pet Waste Apparatus, Method, and System for User Control,” which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/820,626 filed Mar. 19, 2019, is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/513,000 filed Jul. 16, 2019, entitled “Markings for a Pet Waste Pad Roll,” which is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/210,938 filed Dec. 5, 2018, entitled “Pet Waste Paper Markings,” which is a continuation application of (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/449,771 filed Mar. 3, 2017, entitled “Automatic Dog Waste Apparatus” which is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/344,209 filed Nov. 4, 2016, entitled “Pet Waste Cartridge” and which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 62/345,500 filed Aug. 3, 2016, and 62/351,792 filed Jun. 17, 2016, and (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/344,209 filed Nov. 4, 2016, entitled “Pet Waste Cartridge” which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 62/345,500 filed Aug. 3, 2016, 62/351,792 filed Jun. 17, 2016, and 62/250,615 filed Nov. 4, 2015; U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/513,000 filed Jul. 16, 2019, entitled “Markings for a Pet Waste Pad Roll” is also a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/449,771 filed Mar. 3, 2017, entitled “Automatic Dog Waste Apparatus” which is a continuation-in-part application of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/344,209 filed Nov. 4, 2016, entitled “Pet Waste Cartridge” and which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 62/345,500 filed Aug. 3, 2016, and 62/351,792 filed Jun. 17, 2016, the technical disclosures of all of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a sprocket adapter for a pet waste machine, an end cap for a pet waste machine, and pet waste assembly for a pet waste machine. More particularly, the present disclosure describes components configured to seal pet waste. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Self-cleaning pet waste machines are commonly used to collect and dispose animal urine and feces, which permits animals to deposit waste in a suitable area indoors and exempts pet owners from the offensive odors of the waste and the hassle of manually cleaning the waste. Typically, the self-cleaning pet waste machines are comprised of a platform configured to receive pet waste, wherein a roll of absorbent pads are extended across the platform. The roll of pads is customarily placed in a compartment at one end of the pet waste machine, pulled out over the platform, wrapped around a rod connected to an actuator, and placed in a compartment at the opposite end of the pet waste machine. When the actuator rotates the rod, the pad is advanced across the platform and rolled up into the compartment. 
     However, the attachment of the roll of pads to the rod in existing machines may lead to issues. For example, existing machines may require the roll of pads to be threaded through openings, which becomes a cumbersome process. Additionally, simpler designs for attachment between the roll of pads and a rod result in unsupported rollers that are attached to the rod. 
     Therefore, there is a need for providing a pet waste assembly that is capable of simple connection between a roll of pads and a rod without sacrificing support in the rollers that are attached to the rod. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     The present disclosure relates to a sprocket adapter which may be configured to wind up a waste pad around a take-up rod. The sprocket adapter includes a sprocket having a first side and a second side. A first tube is configured to extend perpendicularly from the first side of the sprocket. The first tube may comprise a set of outer couplers extending from an outer surface of the first tube configured to couple with the take-up rod. The first tube may further comprise a set of inner couplers extending from an inner surface of the first tube configured to couple with the take-up rod. A second tube is configured to extend from the first side of the sprocket and concentrically located inside of the first tube. The second tube may comprise a set of radial protrusions configured to couple with the take-up rod. The second tube may further comprise a set of radial protrusions configured to couple with the take-up rod. A set of fins is configured to extend perpendicularly from the first side of the sprocket. The set of fins may comprise at least one radial protrusion extending inward toward the first tube. The at least one radial protrusion is configured to couple with the waste pad. 
     In several embodiments, the present disclosure relates to an end cap, which is configured to removably couple to a sprocket adapter having a first tube, a set of fins, and a set of outer couplers. The end cap comprises an aperture having two circular portions and two slotted portions. The two circular portions are configured to fit around the first tube when the end cap is secured to the sprocket adapter. The two slotted portions are configured to fit around the set of fins when the end cap is secured to the sprocket adapter. The end cap may further comprise a set of flaps configured to couple to the set of outer couplers. Other embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a take-up rod having a set of notches configured to couple with a sprocket adapter. 
     Other embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a pet waste roll assembly. The pet waste roll assembly may include a set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters having a sprocket comprising a first side and a second side. A first tube is configured to extend perpendicularly from the first side of the sprocket. The first tube may comprise a set of outer couplers extending from an outer surface of the first tube configured to couple with the take-up rod. The first tube may further comprise a set of inner couplers extending from an inner surface of the first tube configured to couple with the take-up rod. A second tube is configured to extend perpendicularly from the first side of the sprocket and is concentrically located inside of the first tube. The second tube may comprise a set of radial protrusions configured to couple with the take-up rod. The second tube may further comprise a set of radial protrusions configured to couple with the take-up rod. A set of fins is configured to extend perpendicularly from the first side of the sprocket. The set of fins may comprise at least one radial protrusion extending inward toward the first tube. The at least one radial protrusion is configured to couple with the waste pad. The pet waste roll assembly may further comprise a set of end caps removably coupled to the sprocket adapter comprising. The set of end caps comprise an aperture having two circular portions and two slotted portions. The two circular portions are configured to fit around the first tube of the sprocket adapter. The two slotted portions are configured to fit around the set of fins of the sprocket adapter. The set of end caps may further comprise a set of flaps removably coupled to the set of outer couplers. The pet waste roll assembly may further comprise a take-up rod having a set of notches on at least one end of the rod. The set of notches are removably coupled to the set of inner couplers. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of following drawings pointing out the various details to the inventive automatic or manual pad roll system. The main features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood with the following descriptions, claims, and drawings, where: 
         FIG. 1  shows one embodiment of the disclosure demonstrating a pet eliminating on a roll of waste pads. 
         FIG. 2  shows one embodiment of the disclosure demonstrating the pet waste machine advancing a soiled pad. 
         FIG. 3  shows one embodiment of the disclosure demonstrating a profile view of the pet waste machine. 
         FIG. 4  shows one embodiment of the disclosure demonstrating the platform and lower portions of the pad roll assemblies. 
         FIG. 5  shows one embodiment of the disclosure demonstrating the rotatable covers to the pad roll assemblies. 
         FIG. 6  shows one embodiment of the control and drive module connecting to the take-up assembly. 
         FIG. 7  shows one embodiment of the control and drive module. 
         FIG. 8  shows one embodiment of the components of the take-up rod and end caps. 
         FIG. 9  shows one embodiment of a waste cartridge ready for disposal. 
         FIG. 10  shows one embodiment of installing the pad roll into the waste machine. 
         FIG. 11  shows one embodiment of installing the waste pad on the pet waste machine. 
         FIG. 12  shows another embodiment of installing the waste pad on the pet waste machine. 
         FIG. 13  shows one embodiment of inserting a pad roll into the supply assembly. 
         FIG. 14  shows one embodiment of removing the waste cartridge from the take-up assembly. 
         FIG. 15  shows one embodiment of the gearing and drive attachment in the take-up assembly. 
         FIG. 16  shows another embodiment of the gearing and drive attachment in the take-up assembly. 
         FIG. 17  shows one embodiment of attaching the pad to the take-up rod. 
         FIG. 18  shows one embodiment of the meshing of gears between the control and drive module and the take-up rod. 
         FIG. 19  shows another embodiment of attaching the pad to the take-up rod. 
         FIG. 20  shows one embodiment of a hand crank. 
         FIG. 21  shows one embodiment of a foot treadle. 
         FIG. 22  shows one embodiment of a foot roll. 
         FIG. 23  shows another embodiment of installing the waste cartridge. 
         FIG. 24  show one embodiment of an installed waste cartridge. 
         FIG. 25  shows another embodiment of an installed waste cartridge. 
         FIG. 26  shows one embodiment of the pet waste machine configured for operation. 
         FIG. 27  shows one embodiment of the sensor system detecting a pet. 
         FIG. 28  shows one embodiment of sensors system of the control and drive module. 
         FIG. 29  shows another embodiment of the sensor system of the control and drive module. 
         FIG. 30  shows another embodiment of the sensor system of the control and drive module. 
         FIG. 31  shows one embodiment of the waste pad. 
         FIG. 32  shows an embodiment of a method used in the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 33  shows one embodiment of the graphic user interface. 
         FIG. 34  shows another embodiment of the graphic user interface. 
         FIG. 35  shows another embodiment of the sensor system detecting the pet. 
         FIG. 36  shows another embodiment of the sensor system of the control and drive module. 
         FIG. 37  shows one embodiment of the sensor marks on the waste pad. 
         FIG. 38  shows one embodiment of the pet waste machine system. 
         FIG. 39  shows another embodiment of the graphic user interface. 
         FIG. 40  shows another embodiment of the graphic user interface. 
         FIG. 41  shows another embodiment of the graphic user interface. 
         FIG. 42  shows a top view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter. 
         FIG. 43  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter. 
         FIG. 44  shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter. 
         FIG. 45  shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter. 
         FIG. 46  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter and an end cap. 
         FIG. 47  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter coupled to an end cap. 
         FIG. 48  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter coupled to an end cap. 
         FIG. 49  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of an end cap. 
         FIG. 50  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 51  shows a close-up view of an embodiment of take-up rod. 
         FIG. 52  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter and a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 53  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter coupled to a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 54  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters, a set of end caps, and a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 55  shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters coupled to a set of end caps and a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 56  shows a close-up view of an embodiment of a sprocket adapter coupled to an end cap and a take-up rod. 
         FIG. 57  shows an embodiment of a pet waste roll assembly. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     As shown in  FIG. 1 , one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a pet waste machine  10 , alternatively referred to herein as a pet waste station  10 , with a waste collection intermediary  12 , alternatively referred to herein as pad supply  12 . The waste collection intermediary  12  may comprise various forms such as, but not limited to, a roll of pads, folded pads, accordion sheets, cut sheets, or absorbent granular material. The pet waste machine  10  includes a flat surface  16  configured to receive pet waste  24 , wherein a roll of pads  26  is disposed upon the flat surface  16 . It is understood that the flat surface  16  is a generally flat surface and may be non-planar, such as being curved at different locations. A supply housing  18  for holding a fresh supply of pad rolls  26  is connected to the waste station  14 . A take-up assembly  20 , which is connected to an end of the pet waste machine  14 , is configured to dispose soiled pads by rolling up and sealing the soiled portion of the pad. The pet waste machine  14  detects the pet waste  24  after the pet  22  enters and exits the pet waste machine  14 . After the pet  22  exits the pet waste machine  14 , the pad roll  26  may be advanced by removing and sealing a portion of the pad  12  into the take-up assembly  20  and feeding a clean portion of the pad roll  26  from the supply assembly  18  onto the flat surface  16 . 
     In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the pet waste machine is configured to have a stage interval, as shown in  FIG. 1 , where the pet  22  discharges waste  24  on the exposed portion of the pad  12 . The stage interval is followed by a repository interval, as shown in  FIG. 2 , wherein the pet waste machine  14  advances the pad  12  containing waste  24  into the take-up assembly  28 . The take-up assembly  28  comprises, as shown in  FIG. 8 , a take-up rod or core  28  and end caps  42 , which are affixed to the ends of the core  28 . The core  28  rotates in a counterclockwise direction, which rolls the pad  12  around the core  28  and seals it within the take-up assembly  20  for disposal. 
     In one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , the structure of the take-up assembly  20  and supply housing  18  is comprised of a lower cylindrical portion  30  and  29 , respectively, that is connected by a hinge to a rotatable cover  34  and  32 , respectively. Similarly, the outer structure of the supply assembly  18  is comprised of a lower cylindrical portion  29  that is connected by a hinge to a rotatable cover  32 . 
     The pad roll  26 , when housed within the supply assembly  18  has its axis located below the flat surface  16  and the waste pad portion  12  is stretched across the bed  16  to the core  28 , which is also located below the flat surface  16 . This configuration, as depicted in  FIGS. 1, 2, 3, and 26 , creates sufficient friction and tension across the outstretched waste pad  12  and avoids jamming or hampering the take-up of the soiled portions of the pad roll  26  within the take-up assembly  20 . Furthermore, this configuration enables the soiled pad  12  to be wrapped up into the take-up assembly  20  without contacting other parts of the pet waste machine  10 , ensuring a sanitary environment. Additionally, the tension and friction across the outstretched pad  12  is further increased by closing the covers  32  and  34  over the supply and take-up assemblies. 
     In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a pad roll  26  is used to absorb the pet waste, as shown in  FIG. 27 . In one embodiment, the pad roll comprises an absorbent front side material on a roll of pads and a nonabsorbent back side material on the roll of pads. In another embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 31 , the waste pad includes a non-woven spun bond  270  on the top layer  272  for tear resistance, an absorption middle layer  274 , a bottom layer  276 , and a plastic non-absorbent bottom layer  278  for leak protection from the liquid and solid waste. Additionally, the absorption middle layer  274  may comprise a super absorbent polymer affixed between top and bottom layers  272  and  276 , respectively. The pet pad  12  may also include an air laid paper top layer allowing the removal of other layers. 
     The pet pad  12  may be configured to include two, three, four, or five layer construction with the mixing of absorbent and non-absorbent or non-permeable layers. The pet pad  12  may also be configured to have a single layer with absorbent and non-absorbent on opposing sides of the single layer. 
       FIGS. 8-9  illustrate an embodiment of a waste cartridge  44 . In one aspect, the waste cartridge  44  is comprised of a pad  26  rolled around a core  28 , which is secured by end caps  42  affixed to the ends of the core  28 . The end cap  42  often includes a gear  38  to mesh with the teeth on the corresponding gear  38  connected to a removable control and drive module  36 , alternatively referred to herein as a control module  36 . The control and drive module  36  is key fitted with a pair of guide pins  40  to the side of the take-up assembly  20  where the gear  38  extends through one side of the take-up assembly to engage the identical meshing teeth on the gear  38  on the end cap  42 , allowing the core  28  to rotate in a counterclockwise direction, as shown in  FIG. 2 . 
     As depicted in  FIG. 19 , the pad roll  26  is connected to the core  28  by pins  54  on the core  28  that are press fitted through holes in the pad  26 . Alternatively, the pad roll  26  may be configured to connect to the core  28  by an adhesive material or device such as, but not limited to, tape, hook-and-loop fasteners, or snap fasteners.  FIGS. 9 and 24  illustrate one end of the pad roll  26  is capable of being fed through a slot in the core  28 , wherein the pad  26  is installed in the lower cylindrical portion of the supply housing  29 . As depicted in  FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 24, 25, and 26 , the other end of the pad  26  is inserted through a slot on the core  28  and inserted into the lower cylindrical portion  30  of the take-up assembly  30 , wherein the lower cylindrical covers  32  and  34  of the supply housing  18  and take-up assembly  20  are closed and a portion of the pad  12  is stretched across the bed. 
       FIGS. 9, 10, and 30  illustrate marks  46  that may be positioned on the edges of the pad  12  to enable the pet waste machine  14  to read and provide information concerning the orientation of the marks  46 . For example, the markings  46  on the pad  12  enable the machine to ascertain and report the amount of fresh pad remaining on a roll. Alternatively, the markings  46  on the pad  12  may enable the user interface to advance the pad  12  a certain distance. 
       FIGS. 11-18  depict embodiments of a pet owner  48  installing the pad  12  on the core  28 . Installation may be achieved by stretching the pad  12  from the pad roll  26  across the flat surface  16  to the core  28 , wherein clips  52  at one end of the core  28  and a nib  50  provide friction against the pad  26 . The nib  50 , providing friction on the pad  12 , ensures that the pad  12  does not slip off the clips  52  during the counterclockwise turns of the rod within the housing of take-up assembly  20 . 
       FIGS. 20-22  illustrate embodiments of how the pad may be manually advanced across the flat surface  16 . In one embodiment, a hand crank  56  is mechanically connected to the core  28  to advance the soiled pad  12 . In another embodiment, a soiled pad  12  may be advanced by the user  48  stepping on a treadle  58 . As depicted in  FIG. 22 , a foot roll  60  is mechanically connected to the core  28  to advance the pad after the pet  22  discharges waste on the pad  12 . 
     In one embodiment, the control and drive module  36  is connected to the pet waste machine  10  and is configured to detect animal activity.  FIG. 18  shows the meshing of identical tooth gears on the end cap  38  and gear drive  39  on the removable control and drive module  36  during installation of the take-up rod  28  in the take-up assembly  20 .  FIGS. 6  and  7  show the removable control and drive module  36  that is used to control the movement of the pad  12  across the flat surface  16  of the machine  14 . 
     The control module  36  may be comprised of a sensor system. In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 38 , the sensor system  3810  may include at least one activity sensor  3812 , camera  3814 , or weight sensing device  3818 . The activity sensors  3812  may include any power transmitting sensor known in the art such as, for example, motion sensors or proximity sensors. Additionally, the sensor system  3810  may be configured to include different types activity sensors  3812  such as, for example, infrared sensors and magnetic sensors.  FIGS. 27-30  show the sensor system  261  capturing information on the pet waste machine  10 . In one embodiment, the activity sensor  260  in the sensor system  261  may be configured to capture the presence of the pet  22  through motion detection  262 . Motion detection may be achieved through infrared detection or optical detection. Cameras  3814  included in the sensor system  3810  may be capable of capturing photographs and video. Furthermore, the cameras  3814  may be configured to operate in a nighttime infrared mode to capture images or videos when the sensor system  3810  is in the dark. Additionally, the weight sensing device  3818  may be configured to capture the mass of objects present on the flat surface  3804 . The sensor system  3810  may also be configured to detect objects for an extended period of time (‘persistent detection”), which may prompt an error notification for the machine. The time intervals for persistent detection may include, but are not limited to, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, and 15 minutes. For example, an animal remaining on the flat surface for a prolonged period of time would be considered abnormal, which would prompt a notification to the user interface to investigate the flat surface either by reviewing an image or physically inspecting the flat surface. Alternatively, placing the pet waste machine to close to an object may result in the sensor detecting the object and prompting an error notification. In another embodiment, the pet system  3800  may be configured where the control module  3808  is not coupled to the pet waste machine  3802 . Accordingly, the control module  3808  operates remotely from the pet waste machine  3802  and is in direct or wireless communication with the pet waste machine  3802  and the server  3822 . In remote embodiments, the control module  3808  retains the same functionality except for the drive mechanics, which remain in the pet waste machine  3802 . For example, the control module  3808  in one embodiment is a stand-alone device with a camera  3814  and sensor  3812  located independently from the pet waste machine  3802 . In a further embodiment, the pet system  3800  may comprise a pad  3806 , control module  3808 , server  3822 , and user interface  3820 . This embodiment allows greater portability for a user because the pet waste machine  3802  is no longer required. 
     The weight sensing  3818  device may be affixed to the bottom of the flat surface, embedded in the flat surface, or connected in other means known in the art. It should be understood that any suitable weighing scale may be utilized, such as, for example, mechanical scales or digital scales. The weight sensing device  3818  may be configured to record the weight of the pet and log each weighing on the server  3822 . The pet waste machine  3802  may also be configured to notify the user interface  3820  when the pet weight fluctuates outside of a predetermined value. 
     In another embodiment, the sensor system  3600 , as shown in  FIG. 36 , may comprise an activity sensor  3602  angled  3608  from about 45° below the horizontal  3604  to about 45° above the horizontal  3604 , preferably between 5° and 15° above the horizontal  3604 . The positive angle  3606  of the sensor avoids false-positive detections due to reflections from the flat surface and objects surrounding the flat surface. Alternatively, the activity sensor and camera may be placed at a higher position than the activity sensor placement shown in  FIG. 35 . The raised elevation enables the sensor to avoid false-positive detections due to reflections from the flat surface. 
     The sensor system may also comprise a lower sensor  3610 . In one embodiment, the lower sensor is a motion sensor, which may be either an infrared sensor or an optical sensor. An embodiment  3500  where the activity sensor  3504  located above the horizontal of the pad  3508  is further depicted in  FIG. 35 . Also shown is the supply housing  3510  and take-up assembly  3502 . The sensor  3504  transmits, for example, infrared transmissions  3506  across the pad  3508  to detect a pet on the pad  3506 . 
     As depicted in  FIG. 34 , the graphic user interface  3400  is embedded with software that enables the user interface to manage the operation of the machine  14 . In one embodiment, the graphic user interface  3400  displays a notification  3402  and action icons  3404 ,  3406 ,  3408 ,  3410 ,  3412 ,  3414 ,  3416 , and  3418 . In one embodiment, the user interface determines the length of the pad to advance (partial advance, half advance, or full advance) based on the markings on the pad. For example, a full sheet on a pad may be comprised of 5 marks; therefore, the user interface may select an advancement of 0-5 marks in the app, which correspondingly advances the pad. Furthermore, the user interface may program timers in the server or machine to advance the pad. 
     In another embodiment, the server may be configured to detect errors in the pet machine operation and notify the user interface. For example, when the server detects the pad supply in the pet waste machine is exhausted, the server will send an error notification to the user interface that the pad supply has run out. In another example, the server also may be configured to send an error notification to the user interface when a motor issue is detected. For example, the motor may be rated to operate at predefined current range. If the current supplied to the motor falls outside of the current range, an error notification related to a motor issue will be triggered. In some embodiments, the server may be configured to cease operation of the pet waste machine upon detecting an error with the machine. Additionally, the user interface may be configured to clear the error after reviewing the notification, which allows the pet waste machine to resume operation. 
     Users also have the ability to select the size of the machine, size of the pad, and length of the roll. In some embodiments, the pet waste machine may be configured to be expandable by disengaging extendable sections of the pet waste machine and pulling them out. Accordingly, the size of the pad increases with the expansion of the pet waste machine. In one embodiment, the pet waste machine may be extendable or contractable, giving the machine three possible sizes: small, regular, or large. The size of a full sheet of pad supply corresponding to these pet waste machine sizes may be 3 marks, 5 marks, or 7 marks, respectively. It should be understood that the size of the machine may be further expanded or contracted. It should also be understood that the size of the pad supply may vary and, accordingly, so may the threshold value of marks. 
     In another embodiment, as shown in  FIGS. 28 and 29 , the control and drive module  36  includes a lower sensor  264 , which may be configured to detect the markings  268 , via IR, UV, or other detection  266 , as the pad  12  is advanced from the supply housing  18 , across the flat surface  16 , to the take-up assembly  20 . In another embodiment  3700 , as depicted in  FIG. 37 , the markings on the pad  3702  may consist of a solid line  3704 , dashed lines  3706 , singular solid shapes  3708 , or shading  3710  on the pad  3702 . Additionally, the markings on the pad may be designed to be imperceptible to the human eye. 
     As described, there are several methods of operating the pet waste machine and monitoring the health of the pet. In one embodiment  3200 , as depicted in  FIG. 32 , the machine  3220  captures pet information  3202  through the sensor system and logs  3202 A the pet information  3202  on a server  3240 . The server  3240  analyzes the pet information  3202  and produces user data, which may include images, videos, analyses, notifications, and commands. In one embodiment, user data may include: animal detection, animal identification, and health issues or attributes. It should be understood that user data may originate from sources other than the server, such as, for example, the user. Thereafter, the server communicates  3206  the user data to the user interface  3230 . Upon receiving the communication  3208 , the user interface may issue a command  3212  to the machine  3220 . When the machine receives the command  3216 , the server  3240  logs the command  3212 A. The method may be executed by the pet waste machine system  3800 , as illustrated in  FIG. 38  or any other variation disclosed herein. 
     In another embodiment, the server  3240  reviews the user data and formulates a command to the pet waste machine. Examples of a command may be, but are not limited to, advance a full sheet of the pad, a partial sheet of the pad, wait another cycle to advance the pad, or capture an additional image of the flat surface. In some embodiments, the server  3240  may be configured to delay advancing the pad for a period of time (“exit delay”). In one embodiment, the server may implement an exit delay to account for an animal quickly returning to the machine after exiting, which would count the subsequent return as one visit instead of two separate visits. Examples of time intervals for the exit delay may include, but are not limited to, 10 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute, 3 minutes, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes. It should be understood that the user may set or change the exit delay time period. 
     In another embodiment, the pet information captured by the sensor system may be pet motion. Alternatively, the pet information may be an image  3204  of the flat surface captured by a camera in the sensor system. Additionally, the server may be configured to analyze the image and generate user data based on image characteristics. The image characteristics may be based on the type of waste, consistency of the waste, the color of the waste, or the presence of blood in the waste. After the server  3240  analyzes the image and generates user data, the server may transmit the user data to the user interface  3230  for the user to review the results  3210 . Alternatively, the server  3240  may be configured to communicate images to the user interface  3230  in order for the user to analyze the image  3214 , wherein the user interface  3230  may be used to tag an image characteristic  3214  or compose a note, which are logged on the server  3214 A. In one embodiment, as shown in  FIG. 40  the user interface  4000  provides tags  4004  to characterize the captured image  4002  and an option to further describe the image in the notes box  4006 . The tags  4004  may used to determine the presence of a pet, waste, waste characteristics (e.g., type of waste, health issues or attributes), or errors in the image. Additionally, this embodiment may further enable the user, via the user interface  3230 , to confirm the analysis of what is in the image provided by the server  3240 . 
     The server  3240  may also be configured to analyze the image of the pet pad for the presence of waste. In one aspect, if the server  3240  detects solid waste in the image, the server  3240  may be configured to issue a command to the pet machine  3220 . Examples commands may be instructing a full sheet advance, a partial sheet advance, no sheet advancement, or notify a user interface. In another embodiment, the server  3240  may be configured to detect liquid waste in the image, issuing a command to the pet machine  3220  upon detection. In some embodiments, the pad supply may be configured to include an additive that reacts with liquid waste to produce a high-contrast color, which facilitate in the detection of the liquid waste. Examples of the command may be, but are not limited to, awaiting: an additional detection before advancing if there is a substantial amount of liquid waste detected, two additional detections if there is normal amounts of liquid waste detected, or three additional detections if there is minimal amount of waste detected. A substantial amount of waste may be defined as encompassing at least 30 percent of the pet pad; a normal amount of pet waste may be defined as encompassing between 10 and 30 percent of the pet pad; and a minimal amount of pet waste may be defined as encompassing less than 10 percent of the pet pad. It should be understood that the threshold of waste amounts may vary and that the user may change the threshold amounts according to their preference. 
     The pet information captured by the pet machine  3220  may also include the frequency of visits the pet makes to the waste machine in a given timeframe. For example, the server  3240  may be programmed with a threshold number of visits that the pet should make to the pet waste machine over a given amount of time. When the visits exceed the threshold amount within the given period of time, the server notifies the user interface  3230 . It should be understood that the user may set the threshold value for visits and set the length of the time period. If the visits exceeds the number of threshold visits to the pet waste machine, it may be a signal to the user that the pet may have a health issue. In addition to detecting possible health issues, the server  3240  may be configured to automatically advance the pad after a predetermined number of pet visits. For example, the server  3240  may be programmed to automatically advance the pad after detecting  1  to  5  visits. It should be understood that the range of predetermined number of visits may be altered by the user. 
     The server  3240  may also be configured to analyze the image and determine the level of pad cleanliness. Pad cleanliness may be related to the type of waste on the pet pad and the amount of waste on the pet pad. In one embodiment, the server  3240  may be programmed to categorize the amount of waste present in the image as substantial, normal, or minimal. A substantial amount of waste may be defined as encompassing at least 30 percent of the pet pad; a normal amount of pet waste may be defined as encompassing between 10 and 30 percent of the pet pad; and a minimal amount of pet waste may be defined as encompassing less than 10 percent of the pet pad. It should be understood that the threshold of waste amounts may vary and that the user may change the threshold amounts according to their preference. Alternatively, the server  3240  may transmit the image to the user interface  3220  for a determination of pad cleanliness. As previously mentioned in previous embodiments, the user data related to pad cleanliness may be utilized in determining pad advancement. In another embodiment, the server  3240  may be programmed to categorize the waste as either liquid or solid. 
     As described, the system of monitoring and removing pet waste may have several configurations. As shown in  FIG. 38 , the system  3800  of monitoring pet activity and removing waste may be configured to include a pet waste machine  3802 , user interface  3820 , and server  3822 , wherein the elements are wirelessly or directly in communication  3801 . Direct communication may include, installing an element on a circuit board assembly of another element, hardwiring elements together, or tethering elements together by data cables. It should be understood that data cables include any known cable that transmits data such as, for example, USB and ethernet cables. Wireless communication between the elements includes any known method of wirelessly transmitting data such as, for example, WiFi, Bluetooth, cellular communication, or radio communication. 
     The pet waste machine  3802  may be comprised of a flat surface  3804 , pad roll  3806 , control and drive module  3808 , and a weight sensing device  3818 . The control and drive module  3808  may be comprised of a network connection  3816  and the sensor system  3810 , which may be further comprised of an activity sensor  3812  and a camera  3814 . 
     In one embodiment, the server  3822  may be in wireless communication with both the pet waste machine  3802  and the user interface  3820 . In another embodiment, the server  3822  may be in direct communication with the pet waste machine  3802  and in wireless communication with the user interface  3820 . For example, the server  3822  in one embodiment is a processing unit installed in the circuitry of the pet waste machine  3802 , wherein the pet waste machine  3802  executes the functions of the server  3822  in previous embodiments. In another embodiment, the server  3822  may be in direct communication with the user interface  3820  and in wireless communication with the pet waste machine  3802 . Alternatively, the server  3822 , pet waste machine  3802 , and user interface  3820  may all be in direct communication with one another. In an optional embodiment, the pet waste machine  3802  may be configured to be in direct communication with the user interface  3820  while the server  3822  is in wireless communication with the pet waste machine  3802  and the user interface  3820 . 
     Additionally, other embodiments of the system may include a weight sensing device  3818  connected to the flat surface  3804 . The weight sensing device  3818  may be configured to record the weight of the pet and log each weighing on the server. Subsequently, the pet waste machine  3802  may be configured to notify the user interface  3820  when the pet weight fluctuates outside of a predetermined value. Additionally, the weight sensing device  3818  may be configured to capture the weight of the waste left behind after a visit, which may be utilized to monitor the health of the pet, manage the advancement of the pad supply, or manage the inventory of the pad supply. 
     The user interface  3820  may be configured to control pad advancement based on an image of the flat surface  3804  after the pet exits the pet waste machine  3802 . In one embodiment, the pet waste machine  3802  may be configured to notify the user interface  3820  of pet activity, wherein the notification enables the user to remotely capture an image of the pad, enabling the user to advance the pad based on the image. In another embodiment, the sensor system  3808  captures an image of the flat surface  3804  and transmits a notification to the user interface  3820 , accompanied with the picture, enabling a user to decide whether to advance the pad. Alternatively, the user may advance the pad without viewing an image of the flat surface  3804 . 
     In another embodiment, the server  3822  is configured to determine the inventory level of the roll of pad in the pet waste machine. Referring to  FIG. 37 , the server may be configured to correlate the number of marks or indications passed over the sensor to the remaining supply in the pad. For example, the pad may be marked with identifying marks at certain intervals, which may correlate to the amount of pad consumed such as: ¼ of the pad consumed, ½ of the pad consumed, ¾ of the pad consumed, and all of the pad consumed. Examples of such marks or indications include, but are not limited to, shading  3710 , a solid mark,  3708 , perforation or dashed lines  3706 , or solid lines  3704  located on the pad. Additionally, the pad may be marked with a distinguishing color at a certain interval that is detected by the sensor system. Additionally, the markings on the pad may be designed to be imperceptible to the human eye. In another embodiment, the server may be configured to notify the user interface when the pad supply falls below a predetermined level, such as ½ or less of the pad remaining. 
     The markings at regular intervals may also be utilized to advance portions of the pad. For example, a full sheet on a pad may be comprised of 5 marks; therefore, the user interface may select an advancement of 0-5 marks in the app, which correspondingly advances the pad. It should be understood that the number of marks in a full sheet may vary according to the size of the machine and the size of the pad supply. The pet waste machine may also be configured to expand or contract to additional sizes based on user preference, which may alter the size of the pad supply and the number of markings in a full sheet. In one embodiment, the pet waste machine may be extended or contracted by two sizes, providing three sizes: small, regular, or large. The size of a full sheet of pad supply corresponding to these pet waste machine sizes may be 3 marks, 5 marks, or 7 marks, respectively. It should be understood that the size of the machine may be expanded further. It should be understood that the size of the pad supply may vary and, accordingly, so may the threshold value of marks. 
     In another embodiment, the server  3822  may be configured to automatically reorder pads when the supply level falls below a predetermined level and reorders pad supplies based on a user&#39;s desired inventory level and order history. As shown in  FIG. 41 , the user interface  4100  may be configured to illustrate the remaining pad supply  4104  in the pet waste machine in addition to the image  4102  of the flat surface. Suggestions to the user can be transmitted for reordering pad supply as well. The server, or commands from the user interface, manage the pad usage in one aspect of the invention. For example, when a predetermined portion of the pad has been used, the paper usage rate may be slowed down to conserve the pad supply. 
     The server  3822  may also be configured to account for the quantity of fresh pad supply rolls in addition to the roll in use. Accordingly, the server  3822  may be configured to reorder more pad supply when the remaining quantity of fresh pad supply drops below a predetermined value. Alternatively, the server  3822  may be configured to transmit user data to the user interface  3820  notifying the user of a low quantity of pad supply, where in the user may reorder additional pad supply through the user interface  3820 . 
     In one embodiment, the weight sensing device  3818  captures the weight of the pet during each visit to the pet waste machine  3802 . In one aspect, the server  3822  sets a threshold weight for the pet and notifies the user interface  3820  when the measured weight is outside of the threshold. In another aspect, the server  3822  notifies the user interface  3820  of troubling weight trends. Weight trends, for example, are continuously increasing or decreasing weight over a period of time. The period of time can be a week, a month, or a year. 
       FIGS. 33 and 34  depict graphic user interfaces  3300 ,  3400  displayed on one embodiment of the user interface of the present invention. The graphic user interface  3300  of  FIG. 33  illustrates example command options or features  3302 ,  3304 ,  3306  that are accessed by user selection features  3308 ,  3310 . The graphic user interface  3400  of  FIG. 34  shows a notification  3402  to the user as well as various command options  3404 ,  3406 ,  3408 ,  3410 ,  3412 ,  3416 ,  3418  that can be selected by a user.  FIG. 39  depicts the main user interface  3900 . The “Look In” icon  3902  enables the user to view  3908  the area in and around the flat surface of the pet waste machine. The “Advance Sheet” icon  3904  enables the user to advance the sheet. The “Advance Sheet”  3904  command may be made either after viewing an image of the flat surface for waste or without viewing an image for waste. The machine selection icon  3906  enables the user to select different pet waste machines in a given system. 
     By combining a control and drive module  3808  coupled with the pet waste station  3802 , a server  3822  in communication (wireless or direct) with the control and drive module  3808 , and a user interface  3820  in communication (wireless or direct) with the server  3822 , the present invention provides valuable information to a user and the ability to manage the pet waste station  3802  remotely. For example, the user can be informed of pet activity such as the number and types of visits per day to the pet waste station. If this activity deviates from the historical activity for the pet, a health issue may be the cause. The server  3822 , in one embodiment, can alert the user via the user interface  3820  with a health notice or data when such abnormal deviation occurs. Similarly, if a threshold number of visits is exceeded, such threshold set by the user, the server  3822  can issue a notice of such event. The server  3822 , in another embodiment, can advance the pad  3806  after waste is detected by the sensor system  3810 . Depending on the type of waste detected by the sensor system  3810 , the server  3822  may advance the pad  3806  at different intervals. For example, as shown in  FIG. 41 , the server may be configured to advance the pad after a single solid waste detection  4104  yet also configured to advance the pad after multiple liquid waste detections  4106 . The addition of a weight sensor  3818  below the pad is used, in one embodiment, to monitor the weight of the pet over time. Again, if an abnormal trend is determined by the server  3822 , a health notification is issued to the user via the user interface  3820 . In another embodiment, the weight sensor  3818  provides information about stool weight to the server  3822 . 
     The embodiment of the invention using a camera  3814  to capture waste images adds another powerful feature to the present invention. Images of the waste on the pad  3806  are used to generate both health notices or data to the user and to manage the pad usage, for example. Images are transmitted to the server  3822 , which can pass on such images to the user interface  3820  and/or analyze the images for health attributes or issues associated with the image and the generation of health notices or health data to the user interface  3820 . For example, the server  3822  may detect blood in a stool when analyzing an image. Such detection prompts a health notice transmission to the user interface  3820 . The image is accessed by the user at the user interface  3820 , and can be tagged and stored by the user, thus making it available for analysis by a pet health professional at a later date. The stored image is date tagged as well to provide information on when the event occurred. A similar sequence is followed for abnormally wet or runny stools, stools that exhibit an abnormal color, or stools containing foreign objects. The images and health notification provide a user with both early and real-time indications of health issues and store such data to assist with determining health trends. On the pad management front, images from the camera  3818  are used, in one embodiment, to determine the amount and type of waste on the pad  3806  and pad cleanliness. For example, if the user prefers to conserve pad paper, it may be desirable to forgo the advancement of the paper until sufficient urine has accumulated to justify such advancement. When a predetermined amount of paper has been used, the server  3822  can also prompt the user to reorder more pad supplies. The user can optionally instruct, via the user interface  3820 , the pad speed or advancement intervals reduced in order to conserve paper until supplies can be replenished. 
     These and other aspects of the invention advance the goal of giving the user information about the usage of the pet waste station, information about the health of the pet using the station, and control over operation of the station, even when the user is located remotely from the pet waste station. 
     Referring to  FIG. 57 , an embodiment of a pet waste assembly  4700  is shown. The pet waste assembly  4700  comprises a set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  that are removably coupled to a set of end caps  4302  and a take-up rod (not shown). A set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and end caps  4302  is defined as one or more. The pet waste assembly  4700  may further comprise a waste pad  4500  and a pet waste machine  4600 . A shaft  4214  extending from the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  is configured to movably couple to the pet waste machine  4600 . The waste pad  4500  may be coupled to the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and/or the take-up rod. In some embodiments, the waste pad  4500  is stretched across the pet waste machine  4600  and coupled to the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and/or the take-up rod. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 42 to 45 , an embodiment of the sprocket adapter  4200  is illustrated. The sprocket adapter  4200  comprises a sprocket  4202  having a first side  4230 A and a second side  4230 B, which comprises teeth  4210  extending outward in a radial direction. The sprocket adapter  4200  further comprises a first tube  4204  extending from the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202 . The first tube  4204  may have a length ranging from 10 mm to 50 mm and a diameter ranging from 5 mm to 35 mm. Additionally, the first tube  4204  may have a length of 28 mm and a diameter of 2.5 mm. The first tube  4204  may comprise a set of outer couplers  4208  extending from an outer surface of the first tube  4204 . The first tube  4204  may further comprise a set of inner couplers  4228  extending from an inner surface of the first tube  4204 . The set of outer couplers  4208  are configured to couple with an end cap  4302 . The set of outer couplers  4208  may comprise teeth located at the distal end from the sprocket  4202 . As explained herein, teeth on the set of outer couplers can function as a retaining feature. Additionally, the sprocket  4202  may be configured to include apertures that are aligned with the set of outer couplers  4208 . The apertures enable a user to view the area outside of the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202  to confirm whether an object is engaged with the teeth of the set of outer couplers  4208 . The set of inner couplers  4228  are configured to couple with the take-up rod  4402 . The set of outer couplers  4208  and the set of inner couplers  4228  may have a length between 4 mm and 10 mm. In one embodiment, the set of outer couplers  4208  and the set of inner couplers  4228  have a length of about 11 mm. Additionally, the set of outer couplers  4208  and the set of inner couplers  4228  may have varying lengths. The first tube  4204  may further comprise a set of slots  4212 . As illustrated in  FIG. 43 , the sprocket adapter  4200  may be configured with two opposing slots  4212  recessed from the distal end of the first tube  4204  toward the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202 . In some embodiments, the set of slots  4212  is configured to couple with a protrusion on the take-up rod  4402 . The set of slots  4212  may have a width ranging between 5 mm and 10 mm and a length ranging from about 2 mm to 6 mm. In one embodiment, the set of slots  4212  has a width of 7 mm and a length of 4 mm. 
     The sprocket adapter  4200  further comprises a second tube  4218  extending perpendicularly from the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202  and concentrically located inside of the first tube  4204 . In some embodiments, the second tube  4218  has a plurality of slots  4232  extending from a midpoint along the second tube  4218  and terminates at a distal end of the second tube  4218 . The second tube  4218  may comprise a set of radial protrusions  4226  and/or linear protrusions  4224 . The plurality of slots  4232  has a length between 1 mm and 15 mm. Alternatively, the plurality of slots  4232  may extend up to the entire length between the distal end of the second tube  4218  and the base  4230 . In some embodiments, as illustrated in  FIGS. 42 to 44 , the second slotted tube  4218  may comprise four slots  4232  that define two minor distal tube walls  4222  and two major distal tube walls  4220 . The major distal tube walls  4220  may comprise a set of linear protrusions  4224 . The minor distal tube walls  4222  may comprise a set of radial protrusions  4226 . The sets of protrusions  4224 ,  4226  are configured to couple with the take-up rod  4402 , as shown in  FIG. 53 . A set of radial protrusions  4226  and linear protrusions  4224  are defined as one or more. The second tube  4218  may have a length ranging from 10 mm to 50 mm and a diameter ranging from 0.4 mm to 44 mm. Additionally, the second tube  4218  may have a length of 28 mm and a diameter of 17 mm. 
     In some embodiments, the set of inner couplers  4228  is coupled to the inner surface of the first tube  4204  and the outer surface of the second tube  4218 . In other embodiments, the set of inner couplers  4228  extends from the outer surface of the second tube  4218  towards the first tube  4204 . As shown in  FIGS. 42 and 43 , the second tube  4218  may be oriented to have the first portion aligned with the set of outer couplers  4208  and the set of inner couplers  4228 . Alternatively, the second tube  4218  may be oriented to have the second portion aligned with the set of outer couplers  4208  and the set of inner coupler  4228 . 
     With continued reference to  FIGS. 42 to 45 , the sprocket adapter  4200  further comprises a set of fins  4206  extending perpendicularly from the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202  and exterior to the first tube  4218 . A set of fins  4206  is defined as one or more. The set of fins  4206  may have a length ranging from 15 mm to 30 mm and a width ranging from 5 mm to 15 mm. In at least one embodiment, the set of fins  4206  have a length of 24 mm and a width of 10 mm. The set of fins  4206  may comprise at least one linear protrusion  4216  extending inward toward the first tube  4204 . The at least one linear protrusion  4216  may be configured to secure a waste pad for winding up around the take-up rod. The at least one linear protrusion  4216  may have a tapered figure, with a larger thickness near the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202  and a smaller thickness near the distal end of the first tube  4204  to facilitate insertion of the waste pad. In some embodiments, the sprocket adapter  4200  comprises two opposing fins  4206  with each fin  4206  having two radial protrusions  4216 . Waste pad may be inserted into the space between the linear protrusion  4216  and the first tube  4204  and toward the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202 . As the waste pad approaches the first side  4230 A of the sprocket  4202 , the linear protrusion  4216  secures the waste pad to the sprocket adapter  4200 , thereby enabling the waste pad to be wound up. 
     Additionally, as seen in  FIGS. 44 and 45 , the sprocket adapter may further comprise a shaft  4214  extending perpendicularly from the second side  4230 B of the sprocket  4202 . As shown in  FIG. 57 , the shaft  4214  is configured to movably couple to the pet waste machine  4600 . In some embodiments, the shaft  4214  has a length ranging from 5 mm to 20 mm and a diameter ranging from 5 mm to 20 mm. In at least one embodiment, the shaft  4214  has a length of 13 mm and a diameter of 15 mm. 
     Referring to  FIG. 49 , an embodiment of an end cap  4302  is shown. The end cap  4302  comprises a base  4310  having an aperture  4304 . The aperture  4304  has two circular portions  4316  and two slotted portions  4306 . The two slotted portions  4306  may be configured to oppose each other. The distance between the two circular portions  4316  may range from 5 mm to 40 mm. In at least one embodiment, the distance between the two circular portions  4316  is 27 mm. The two slotted portions  4306  may have a length ranging from 3 mm to about 8 mm and a width ranging from 5 mm to about 20 mm. In at least one embodiment, the two slotted portions  4306  have a length of 6 mm and a width of 13 mm. The two slotted portions  4306  may also be configured to include flaps. 
     The end cap  4302  further comprises a set of flaps  4308  configured to couple to the set of outer couplers  4208  when the end cap  4302  is secured to the sprocket adapter  4200 . The set of flaps  4308  include a first end  4312  connected to the base  4310  of the end cap and a second end  4314  forming a boundary to the aperture  4304 . In some embodiments, the end cap  4302  comprises two flaps  4308  that oppose each other. The set of flaps  4308  may have a length ranging from 3 mm to 15 mm and a width ranging from 3 mm to 15 mm. In at least one embodiment, the set of flaps has a length of 8 mm and a width of 8 mm. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 46 to 48 , the sprocket adapter  4200  is configured to couple with the end cap  4302  is shown. The second side  4230 B of the sprocket adapter  4200  may comprise a plurality of recesses. The aperture  4304  is configured to fit around the first tube  4204  as the end cap  4302  is secured onto the sprocket adapter  4200 . The distance between the two circular portions  4316  of the aperture  4304  is substantially the same size as the diameter of the first tube  4204 . Substantially the same size is defined as plus or minus 3 mm. The two slotted portions  4306  are configured to fit around the set of fins  4206  as the end cap  4302  is fitted onto the sprocket adapter  4200 . In configurations where the two slotted portions  4306  include flaps, the flaps can engage the outer surface of the set of fins  4206  to increase the retention between the end cap  4302  and the sprocket adapter  4200 . The set of flaps  4308  is configured to couple with the at least one outer coupler  4208 . As the end cap  4302  couples onto the sprocket adapter  4200 , the at least one outer coupler  4208  slides through the at least one tab  4308 . The set of flaps  4308  applies a force onto the at least one outer coupler  4208 , which keeps the end cap  4302  coupled to the sprocket adapter  4200 . In configuration where the at least one outer coupler  4208  includes teeth, the set of flaps  4308  will engage with the teeth ( FIG. 48 ) to increase the retention between the end cap  4302  and the sprocket adapter  4200 . The end caps  4302  may be separable, which allows for easier packaging and transportation. The end caps  4302  may be composed of a card-stock, a molded pulp, a plastic, a paper-based material, or any other material known in the art. 
     With reference to  FIGS. 50 and 51 , an embodiment of a take-up rod  4402  is shown. The take-up rod  4402  may comprise at least one adhesive  4406  and at least one notch  4408  on at least one end of the take-up rod  4402 . The take-up rod  4402  may further comprise an adhesive cover  4404  that removably couple to the at least one adhesive  4406 . The adhesive  4406  is configured to couple to a waste pad for winding up around the take-up rod  4402 . The at least one adhesive  4406  may be located at an end of the take-up rod  4402  or any location in between the ends. In some embodiments, the rod  4402  comprises two adhesives  4406  located near both ends of the take-up rod  4402 . In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG. 51 , the at least one notch  4408  has non-parallel edges  4410  tapered toward each other at the distal end of the take up rod  4402 . The non-parallel edges  4410  enable the at least one notch  4408  to couple the take-up rod  4402  to the at least one inner coupler (not shown) of the sprocket adapter  4200 . As shown in  FIGS. 52 and 53 , the take-up rod  4402  is configured to be removably coupled to the sprocket adapter  4200  by sliding the take-up rod  4402  into the space between the first tube  4204  and the second tube  4218 . As the take-up rod  4402  slides between the first tube  4204  and the second tube  4218 , the take-up rod  4402  engages with the with the set of protrusions  4224 ,  4226  extending from the second tube  4218 . In one embodiment, the take-up rod  4402  engages with the with the set of protrusions  4224 ,  4226  extending from the two major distal tube walls  4220  and/or the two minor distal tube walls  4222  of the second tube  4218 . The composition of the take-up rod  4402  may comprise a paper-based material, a synthetic polymer, a biodegradable material, metal alloy, or any combination thereof. The take-up rod  4402  has a sufficient stiffness to support the weight of the roll of pads. The two minor distal tube walls  4222  may be configured to bend radially toward the center of the minor distal tube. For example, when the take-up rod  4402  is inserted between the first tube  4204  and the second tube  4218 , the take-up rod  4402  may engage the set of protrusions  4224 ,  4226  and force the minor distal tube walls  4222  inward. The normal force of the minor distal tube walls  4222  pushes against the take-up rod  4402  and helps secure the take-up rod  4402  with the sprocket adapter  4200 . 
       FIGS. 54 to 56  illustrate an embodiment of an assembled pet waste assembly  4700 . The set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  are removably coupled to the set of end caps  4302  by engaging the set of flaps  4308  with the set of outer couplers  4208 . In configuration where the at least one outer coupler  4208  includes teeth, the set of flaps  4308  will engage with the teeth ( FIG. 48 ) to increase the retention between the end cap  4302  and the sprocket adapter  4200 . Next, the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  are removably coupled to the take-up rod  4402 . Lastly, a waste pad  4500  is coupled to the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and/or the take-up rod  4402 . In some embodiments, the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and set of end caps  4302  may be constructed out of a translucent or transparent material. The advantage of constructing the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and set of end caps  4302  out of a translucent or transparent material is ensure that the components of the pet waste assembly  4700  are assembled correctly. For example, a translucent or transparent set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  enables a user to see the take-up rod  4402  slide into the space formed between the first tube  4204  and the second slotted tube  4220 , which ensures that the notches  4408  of the take-up rod  4402  engage with the set of inner couplers  4228 . The engagement between the notches  4408  and the inner couplers  4228  enhances the torque transfer from the sprocket adapters  4200  to the take-up rod  4402 . In another example, a translucent or transparent set of end caps  4302  enables a user to see the set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  when the components of the pet waste assembly  4700  have been assembled and placed into a pet waste machine. The disclosed lengths of the first tube  4204  and the second tube  4218  ensure there is stability in the engagement of the take-up rod  4402  and the sprocket adapters  4200 . The stability in the engagement of the take-up rod  4402  and the sprocket adapters  4200  increases as the lengths of the first tube  4204  and the second tube  4218  increase. 
     Similar to  FIGS. 15 to 18 , the pet waste assembly  4700  may be configured to couple to a control module. In some embodiments, a pet waste assembly  4700 , comprising a take-up rod  4402  coupled to a set of single piece, molded sprocket adapters  4200  and a set of end caps  4302 , is placed in a take-up assembly of a pet waste machine  4600 . The control module is configured to removably couple to the take-up assembly. When the control module is coupled to the take-up assembly, a gear on the control module engages with the teeth  4210  of the sprocket  4202 , which enables the control module to wind a waste pad  4500  around the take-up rod  4402 . 
     It is understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described above but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.