Patent Publication Number: US-2023151544-A1

Title: Deflecting Member for Making Fibrous Structures

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of, and claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §120 to, U.S. Pat. Application Serial No. 16/866,914, filed on May 5, 2020, which is a continuation of U.S. Pat. Application Serial No. 15/794,025, filed on Oct. 26, 2017, now granted U.S. Pat. No. 10,676,865, issued Jun. 9, 2020, which claims the benefit, under 35 USC § 119(e), of U.S. Provisional Pat. Application Serial No. 62/413,585, filed on Oct. 27, 2016 and U.S. Provisional Pat. Application Serial No. 62/527,056, filed on Jun. 30, 2017, the entire disclosures of which are fully incorporated by reference herein. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is related to deflection members for making strong, soft, absorbent fibrous webs, such as, for example, paper webs. More particularly, this invention is concerned with structured fibrous webs, equipment used to make such structured fibrous webs, and processes therefor. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Products made from a fibrous web are used for a variety of purposes. For example, paper towels, facial tissues, toilet tissues, napkins, and the like are in constant use in modern industrialized societies. The large demand for such paper products has created a demand for improved versions of the products. If the paper products such as paper towels, facial tissues, napkins, toilet tissues, mop heads, and the like are to perform their intended tasks and to find wide acceptance, they must possess certain physical characteristics. 
     Among the more important of these characteristics are strength, softness, absorbency, and cleaning ability. Strength is the ability of a paper web to retain its physical integrity during use. Softness is the pleasing tactile sensation consumers perceive when they use the paper for its intended purposes. Absorbency is the characteristic of the paper that allows the paper to take up and retain fluids, particularly water and aqueous solutions and suspensions. The absolute quantity of fluid a given amount of paper will hold is important, but also the rate at which the paper will absorb the fluid. Cleaning ability refers to a fibrous structures’ capacity to remove and/or retain soil, dirt, or body fluids from a surface, such as a kitchen counter, or body part, such as the face or hands of a user. 
     Through-air drying (“TAD”) papermaking belts comprising a reinforcing member and a resinous framework, and/or the fibrous webs made using these belts, are known and described, for example, in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. 4,528,239, issued Jul. 9, 1985 to Trokhan. Trokhan teaches a belt in which the resinous framework is joined to the fluid-permeable reinforcing member (such as a woven structure, or a felt). The resinous framework may be continuous, semi-continuous, comprise a plurality of discrete protuberances, or any combination thereof. The resinous framework extends outwardly from the reinforcing member to form a web-side of the belt (i.e., the surface upon which the web is disposed during a papermaking process), a backside opposite to the web-side, and deflection conduits extending therebetween. The deflection conduits provide spaces into which papermaking fibers deflect under application of a pressure differential during a papermaking process. Because of this quality, such papermaking belts are also known in the art as “deflection members.” 
     An improvement on deflection members to be used as papermaking belts to provide paper having increased surface area is disclosed in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 15/132,291, filed Apr. 19, 2016 in the name of Manifold et al., teaching deflection members made via additive manufacturing, such as 3-D printing. 
     However, the deflection members and processes of Manifold et al. can be improved in areas related to the economical commercialization of processes regarding commercial papermaking machines or commercial nonwoven making. Improvements can be made with respect to the size of an additively manufactured deflection member and its durability when used to make a fibrous web. Papermaking processes, for example, can require belts as wide as 110 or 220 inches and as long as 60 meters, and can be required to endure extreme temperatures, tensions, and pressures in a cyclic process. 
     Accordingly, there is an unmet need for a deflection member having a three-dimensional topography afforded by additive manufacturing on which fibrous webs can be formed, and which can endure the processing environment of a fibrous web making machine. 
     Additionally, there is an unmet need for a method for making a deflection member having a three-dimensional topography afforded by additive manufacturing on which fibrous webs can be formed, and which can endure the processing environment of a fibrous web making machine. 
     Additionally, there is a need for improved nonwovens for use as topsheets in baby care and fem care products. Accordingly, there is an unmet need for a deflection member having a three-dimensional topography afforded by additive manufacturing on which nonwoven webs can be formed, and which can endure the processing environment of a nonwoven web making machine. Further, there is an unmet need for a method for making a deflection member having a three-dimensional topography afforded by additive manufacturing on which nonwoven webs can be formed, and which can endure the processing environment of a nonwoven web making machine. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     A deflection member is disclosed. The deflection member includes a reinforcing member and a plurality of tiles fastened to the reinforcing member. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  1   , taken along lines 2-2 of  FIG.  1   ; 
         FIG.  3    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  4    is a plan view of a form of tiles of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  5    is a plan view of a form of tiles of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view of the tiles of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  5   , taken along lines 6-6 of  FIG.  5   ; 
         FIG.  7    is a photograph of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  8    is a plan view of representative stitching patterns on a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  9    is a plan view of representative stitching patterns on a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  10    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  11    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  10   , taken along lines 11-11 of  FIG.  10   , before the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  12    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  10   , taken along lines 11-11 of  FIG.  10   , after the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  13    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  14    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  13   , taken along lines 14-14 of  FIG.  13   , before the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  15    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  13   , taken along lines 14-14 of  FIG.  13   , after the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  16    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  17    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  16   , taken along lines 17-17 of  FIG.  16   , before the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  18    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  16   , taken along lines 17-17 of  FIG.  16   , after the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  19    is a plan view of a form of a deflection member of the present invention; 
         FIG.  20    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  19   , taken along lines 20-20 of  FIG.  19   , before the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  21    is a cross-sectional view of the deflection member shown in  FIG.  19   , taken along lines 20-20 of  FIG.  19   , after the tile and reinforcing member are brought in contact; 
         FIG.  22    is a schematic representation of a papermaking process. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Deflection Member 
     The deflection member of the present invention has a portion described herein as a “reinforcing member,” and a portion described herein as a “patterned framework” having voids and/or protuberances. The deflection members detailed herein may be continuous belts, a portion of a continuous belt, endless belts, and/or seamless belts. The patterned framework can be a structure made up of one or more tiles manufactured by molding processes, such as injection molding, or by additive manufacturing processes, including what is commonly described as “3-D printing.” Visually, the deflection members as detailed herein can resemble deflection members in which a resinous framework is UV-cured to a reinforcing member and used in a papermaking process, and it will therefore be described in similar terms. The term “deflection member” as used herein refers to a structure useful for making fibrous webs such as absorbent paper products or nonwoven webs, and which has protuberances and/or voids, which are openings in the tile through which fibers can pass, that define deflection conduits. A deflection member may comprise different features and different materials for the different features, such as the patterned framework and reinforcing member as described below. In particular, as described herein, a patterned framework can comprise a plurality of tiles, with each tile being a portion of the patterned framework. In one form, the entirety of a surface of a reinforcing member is substantially covered with closely fitting tiles to achieve a deflection member in a belt form suitable for manufacturing paper products and/or nonwoven webs. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   , a deflection member  10  of the present disclosure may have a patterned framework  12 . In  FIGS.  1  and  2   , the exemplified patterned framework is a single tile  24  utilized to illustrate the general concept, but in many forms, patterned framework  12  will be a plurality of tiles. Accordingly, as detailed herein, while portions of the description/drawings may reference a single tile, such description also encompasses the forms of deflection member  10  that include a patterned framework  12  including a plurality of tiles. The deflection member  10  may comprise three components:
     (1) one or more tiles  24  (e.g., a plurality of tiles) that make up a patterned framework  12 ;   (2) a reinforcing member  14  or one or more portions of the reinforcing member; and (3) one or more fastening elements  26  (e.g., a plurality of fastening elements), which can be, for example, a sewing/stitching thread or filament, a rivet, adhesive, curable resin (e.g., UV curable resins, epoxies), mechanical fasteners, combinations thereof, or other similar element(s) that can attach a tile  24  to the reinforcing member  14 .   

     Various types of specific fastening elements  26  are further detailed herein. In the form of deflection member  10  that is illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   , fastening element  26  is a thread that is used to stitch patterned framework  12  to reinforcing member  14 . The figures illustrating defection member  10  with stitching utilized as fastening element  26  will be used herein to help describe the general concept of deflection members that have the three components detailed above; however, stitching is just one variation of the fastening element and is not limiting. Accordingly, any general description of deflection member  10  detailed herein, or other elements of the deflection member detailed herein (tiles/patterned framework, reinforcing member), may be combined with any of the variations of fastening element  26 ,  26 A,  26 B,  26 C,  26 D detailed herein. 
     Reinforcing member  14  can be foraminous, having an open area sufficient to allow fluid, such as air or water to pass through during a papermaking or nonwoven making operation. The reinforcing member can be a film or sheet, such as a perforated polymer film or a perforated metallic sheet. The reinforcing member, as illustrated herein, can also be made of woven filaments  8  as is known in the art of papermaking fabrics. In some non-limiting forms, the woven filaments are made of synthetic fibers, metallic fibers, carbon fibers, silicon carbide fibers, fiberglass, mineral fibers, and/or polymer fibers including polyethylene terephthalate (“PET”) or PBT polyester, phenol-formaldehyde (PF); polyvinyl chloride fiber (PVC); polyolefins (PP and PE); acrylic polyesters; aromatic polyamids (aramids) such as Twaron®, Kevlar® and Nomex®; polytetrafluoroethylene such as Teflon® commercially available from DuPont®; polyethylene (PE), including with extremely long chains / HMPE (e.g. Dyneema or Spectra); polyphenylene sulfide (“PPS”); and/or elastomers. In one non-limiting form, the woven filaments of reinforcing member are filaments as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 9,453,303 issued Sep. 27, 2016 in the name of Aberg et al. Reinforcing member  14  in some forms may include woven filaments that exhibit a diameter of about 0.20 mm to about 1.2 mm, or about 0.20 mm to about 0.55 mm, or about 0.35 mm to about 0.45 mm. Reinforcing member  14  may be manufactured by traditional weaving processes, or through other processes such as additive manufacturing, e.g., 3-D printing. 
     The reinforcing member can have an open area sufficient to prevent fibers from being drawn through the deflection member during a dewatering process for papermaking or in a vacuum process for spunbond nonwoven making. As fibers are molded into the voids of deflection member  10  during production of fibrous substrates, reinforcing member  14  can serve as a “backstop” to prevent, or minimize fiber loss through the deflection member. Reinforcing member  14  also provides for fluid permeable structural strength and stability of deflection member  10 . 
     Each tile  24  of patterned framework  12  can have one or more deflection conduits  16 , which are the portions of the tile in which a fibrous structure can be molded three-dimensionally, and include voids, i.e., openings, through the tile and, if present, protuberances  18 . Protuberances  18  are structures with a Z-directional height above a web side surface  22  of tile  24 , as described below. Deflection conduits  16  and protuberances  18  define a three-dimensional profile to tiles  24  that can be imparted to corresponding fibrous structures made on deflection member  10 . As discussed more fully below, a plurality of tiles  24  can be fastened onto a reinforcing member in a tessellating pattern such that there is little to no gap between adjacent tiles and no overlap of tiles. In this manner, many relatively small tiles produced in an additive manufacturing process, such as 3-D printing, can be joined to a reinforcing member to achieve a relatively large deflection member, such as a belt of a size sufficient for papermaking or nonwoven making. 
     The size of the patterned framework  12  in belt form can be determined by the size of corresponding reinforcing member  14  and the number, size and spacing of tiles  24  fastened onto the reinforcing member. In some non-limiting forms, the overall size of tile  24  may be about 1 inch by about 1 inch, about 2 inches by about 2 inches, about 3 inches by about 3 inches, about 4 inches by about 4 inches, about 5 inches by about 5 inches, about 10 inches by about 10 inches, about 11 inches by about 11 inches, about 12 inches by about 12 inches, about 15 inches by about 15 inches, about 18 inches by about 18 inches, about 24 inches by about 24 inches, about 30 inches by about 30 inches, or dimensions within those detailed dimensions. As a non-limiting example, if reinforcing member  14  is 110 inches wide, ten complete 11 inch by 11 inch tiles  24  would evenly fit across the width of reinforcing member  14 . As another non-limiting example, if reinforcing member  14  is 110 inches wide, 110 complete 1 inch by 1 inch tiles  24  would evenly fit across the width of reinforcing member  14 . 
     As shown in  FIGS.  1  and  2   , tile  24  can have a three-dimensional structure determined by the desired three-dimensional structure of the fibrous web made thereon. The structure illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   , as well as any other descriptions disclosed herein are representative only, with the only limitations being limitations imposed by the methods of making, such as additive manufacturing technology (in which the process allows for positive and/or negative angles and/or radii of curvature for surface elements such as deflection conduits and/or protuberances). In general, a tile can have relatively large edge dimensions measured in the MD and CD plane, and relatively small dimensions measured in the Z-direction, giving the tile a generally planar macro-form, with backside  20  contacting the reinforcing member when fastened thereto, and web side  22  that is web-contacting when used to make a fibrous web. Backside  20  can be generally in a plane that is disposed on the knuckles of a woven fabric of reinforcing member  14 , as depicted in  FIG.  2   , or it can have structure itself if desired. 
     Tile  24  is shown in  FIG.  1    as generally square, but the shape of the tile can be any shape desired, with particular benefits of pattern uniformity being achieved when the shape permits a tessellating pattern, such that there is little to no gap and no overlap between adjacent tiles. In some forms of deflection member  10 , multiple tiles  24  are fastened to reinforcing member  14  in a tessellating pattern, and each tile has the shape of a polygon with at least 3 sides, at least 4 sides, at least 5 sides, at least 6 sides, at least 7 sides, at least 8 sides, at least 9 sides, or at least 10 sides, to form patterned framework  12 . In some forms of deflection member  10 , multiple tiles  24  are fastened to reinforcing member  14  in a tessellating pattern and each tile has the shape of a polygon with between 3 and 10 sides, between 4 and 10 sides, between 5 and 10 sides, between 6 and 10 sides, between 7 and 10 sides, or between 8 and 10 sides, to form patterned framework 12. In some forms of deflection member  10 , as seen in  FIGS.  3 ,  8  and  9   , multiple tiles  24  form patterned framework  12 , and the tiles may be formed in the same overall shape and size (e.g., the same overall sized, irregular octagons depicted in  FIGS.  3 ,  8  and  9   ). 
     If creating patterned framework  12  that only consists of a single shape of tile  24  (i.e., all the tiles in the patterned framework are the same shape and size for simplicity and efficiency), the tiles may be formed in a single tessellating shape (i.e., one tile shape that when used in a plurality, can form a tessellating pattern). Tessellating shapes include triangles, squares, hexagons and irregular pentagons. In some forms of deflection member  10 , multiple tiles  24  form patterned framework  12  in a tessellating manner, and the tiles may be formed in more than one shape and/or size (a first shape and a second shape, and optionally a third shape, etc.). For instance, patterned framework  12  may be tessellating and include tiles that are all formed square in shape, but formed in multiple sizes (a first size and a second size). In another example, patterned framework  12  may be tessellating and may include tiles that are formed in the shape of a square (i.e., a first shape), a hexagon (i.e., a second shape), and a triangle (i.e., a third shape). In some instances, patterned framework  12  may be tessellating and include tiles in one or more irregular, non-geometric shapes. 
     Tiles  24  may be fastened to reinforcing member  14  in a tessellating pattern in any orientation. In some forms, tiles  24  or rows of tiles that form patterned framework  12  can be oriented in either the MD or the CD when fastened to reinforcing member  14 . In other forms, tiles  24  and/or rows of tiles that form patterned framework  12  can be oriented in a direction that is diagonal to either the MD or the CD when fastened to reinforcing member  14 . In such forms with diagonally oriented tiles  24  or rows of tiles, when deflection member  10  travels around deflection points in a conveyor system, a peak or corner of the tile first deflects (in lieu of a side of the tile first hitting the deflection point), then followed by deflection of the rest of the tile, thus limiting the initial stress caused to the tile points of fastening to reinforcing member  14 . 
     Tiles  24  may be made from a single material, a variety of materials or combination of materials, the particular material(s) determined by the desired structural properties of the deflection member, such as strength and flexibility required for the fibrous structure making process, including deflection when operating on the conveyor system. Tiles  24  can be molded, such as by injection molding, and can be made of polymeric material including thermoplastic and thermoset materials. Tiles  24  can also be manufactured by additive manufacturing, and the choice of materials is determined by the additive manufacturing technology used to form it. Tiles  24  may each be manufactured as a single, complete unit (e.g., unitary 3-D printed tiles), or in some forms may be manufactured from multiple parts, such as 3-D printed portions that are printed onto previously manufactured portions. In some forms of deflection member  10 , tile  24  is manufactured by 3-D printing a material, such as resin, onto a separate base material, i.e., an intermediate layer such as a premade section of woven fibers, with the combination of the intermediate layer and the printed material forming the tile as detailed herein. In such forms, the intermediate layer of tile  24  may then be utilized to fasten the tile to reinforcing member  14  through any of the methods detailed herein. This multi-part form of tile  24  allows for tile(s) with a discrete knuckle pattern (for example, as detailed in U.S. Pat. Publication No. 2015/0247291, published Sep. 3, 2015 in the name of Maladen et al.) to be fastened to reinforcing member  14  as detailed herein. 
     In some forms, tiles  24  can be made from metal, metal-impregnated resin, silica glass beads, polymer resin, plastic, crosslinked polymer, photopolymer, fluoropolymers, UV curable polymer, photosensitive polyurethane, rubber, thermoplastics, thermoplastic elastomers, thermoset resins, silicone or any combination thereof. Additional and/or specific materials that are also considered herein for construction of tile  24  include materials disclosed in U.S. Pat. Publication Nos. 2017/096,547; 2016/0340,506; 2016/009,0693; 2017/005,1455; 2016/0185,050; 2007/0170,610; and 2005/0280,184; or disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. US 8,216,427, issued Jul. 10, 2012 in the name of Kierelid et al. In some forms, the resulting deflection member  10  is sufficiently strong and/or flexible to be utilized as a paper making or nonwoven making belt, or a portion thereof, in a batch process or in commercial paper making or nonwoven making equipment. 
     Each tile  24 , and therefore the patterned framework  12 , has a backside  20  and a web side  22 . In a fibrous web making process, web side  22  is the side of the patterned framework  12  on which fibers, such as papermaking fibers or spunbond fibers/meltblown fibers, are deposited. As defined herein, backside  20  of patterned framework  12  forms an X-Y plane, where X and Y can correspond generally to the CD and MD, respectively, when in the context of using deflection member  10  to make paper in a commercial papermaking process. One skilled in the art will appreciate that the symbols “X,” “Y,” and “Z” designate a system of Cartesian coordinates, wherein mutually perpendicular “X” and “Y” define a reference plane formed by backside  20  of patterned framework  12  when disposed on a flat surface, and “Z” defines a direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that the use of the term “plane” does not require absolute flatness or smoothness of any portion or feature described as planar. 
     As used herein, the term “Z-direction” designates any direction perpendicular to the X-Y plane. Analogously, the term “Z-dimension” means a dimension, distance, or parameter measured parallel to the Z-direction and can be used to refer to dimensions such as the height of protuberances, or the thickness or caliper of deflection member  10 . It should be carefully noted, however, that an element that “extends” in the Z-direction does not need itself to be oriented strictly parallel to the Z-direction; the term “extends in the Z-direction” in this context merely indicates that the element extends in a direction which is not parallel to the X-Y plane. Analogously, an element that “extends in a direction parallel to the X-Y plane” does not need, as a whole, to be parallel to the X-Y plane; such an element can be oriented in the direction that is not parallel to the Z-direction. 
     One skilled in the art will also appreciate that deflection member  10  as a whole does not need to (and indeed cannot in some forms) have a planar configuration throughout its length, especially if sized for use in a commercial process for making a fibrous structure, and in the form of a flexible member or belt that travels through processing equipment that can include deflections around rollers, turning bars and the like. The concept of deflection member  10  being disposed on a flat surface and having the macroscopical “X-Y” plane is conventionally used herein for the purpose of describing relative geometry of several elements of deflection member  10  which can be generally flexible. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that when deflection member  10  curves or otherwise deplanes, the X-Y plane follows the configuration of the deflection member. 
     As used herein, the terms containing “macroscopical” or “macroscopically” refer to an overall geometry of a structure under consideration when it is placed in a two-dimensional configuration. In contrast, “microscopical” or “microscopically” refer to relatively small details of the structure under consideration, without regard to its overall geometry. For example, in the context of deflection member  10 , the term “macroscopically planar” means that the deflection member, when it is placed in a two-dimensional configuration, has – as a whole – only minor deviations from absolute planarity, and the deviations do not adversely affect the deflection member’s performance. At the same time, patterned framework  12  of deflection member  10  can have a microscopical three-dimensional pattern of deflection conduits and protuberances, as will be described below. 
     There are virtually an infinite number of shapes, sizes, spacing and orientations that may be chosen for protuberances  18  and voids that define the deflection conduits  16 . The actual shapes, sizes, orientations, and spacing can be specified and manufactured by additive manufacturing processes based on the desired design of the end product. Some exemplary protuberances  18  and/or voids for forms of deflection member  10  disclosed herein are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,895,623, issued Apr. 20, 1999 to Trokhan et al.; 5,948,210, issued Sep. 7, 1999 to Huston; 5,900,122, issued May 4, 1999 to Huston; 5,893,965, issued Apr. 13, 1999 to Trokhan et al.; 5,906,710, issued May 25, 1999 to Trokhan; 6,171,447, issued Jan. 9, 2001 to Trokhan; 6,358,030, issued Mar. 20, 2002 to Ampulski.; 6,576,091, issued Jun. 10, 2003 to Cabell et al.; 6,913,859, issued Jul. 5, 2005 to Hill et al.; 6,743,571, issued Jun. 1, 2004 to Hill et al.; 7,914,649, issued Mar. 29, 2011 to Ostendorf et al.; 6,660,362, issued Dec. 9, 2003 to Lindsay et al.; and 6,610,173, issued Aug. 26, 2003 to Lindsay et al. 
       FIG.  3    depicts a representative example of a plurality of tiles  24  fastened to reinforcing member  14  in a tessellating pattern with little or no gap between adjacent tiles to form a patterned framework  12 . In forms of deflection member  10  that include patterned framework  12  with no gap between adjacent tiles  24 , at least one perimeter edge of every tile contacts at least one perimeter edge of another tile in the patterned framework. In some forms in which a gap exists between adjacent tiles  24 , the gap may be less than about 5 mm, less than about 4 mm, less than about 3 mm, less than about 2 mm, less than about 1 mm, less than about 0.75 mm, less than about 0.5 mm, less than about 0.25 mm, less than about 0.1 mm, less than about 0.05 mm, less than about 0.03 mm, or less than about 0.01 mm. For additional clarity, any gaps shown in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Tiles  24  in  FIG.  3    can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by any method detailed herein, but the particular fasteners are not shown for simplicity and clarity in  FIG.  3   . As shown in  FIG.  3   , adjacent tiles  24  may have identically sized, shaped and spaced openings of deflection conduits  16  defined by identically sized and spaced voids and protuberances, as depicted in tiles  24 A and  24 B. Adjacent tiles may also have differently sized, shaped, and/or spaced openings of deflection conduits  16  defined by voids and protuberances  18 , as depicted by adjacent tiles  24 A and  24 C. Tiles  24  may have only voids defining deflection conduits  16 , as depicted in tile  24 D, and the voids in any given tile need not be the same size or shape. In some forms of patterned framework  12 , certain tiles  24  may have only protuberances  18 , as depicted in tile  24 E. In general, each tile  24  can be identical to adjacent tiles, or adjacent tiles can be different. In this manner, a patterned framework  12  can be tailored for specific shapes of deflection conduits and air permeability across the area of deflection member  10 . In some forms of deflection member  10 , the patterned framework  12  may include one or more individual tiles  24  (or groupings of tiles) that include deflection conduit(s)  16  and/or protuberance(s)  18  that are arranged in a pattern to provide a product identifier, product name or logo on the produced fibrous structures. 
     In some forms, deflection conduits  16  and/or protuberances  18  can be in whole or in part defined by the edge characteristics of two or more adjacent tiles. For example, as shown in  FIG.  4   , in which reinforcing member  10  and fastening elements  26  are not shown for clarity, edges of tiles  24  can have features that define a void of a deflection conduit  16  (i.e., a first deflection conduit) that when paired with an adjacent tile  24  which can have a correspondingly identical edge feature (i.e., a second deflection conduit), form a combined deflection conduit, or not. In some forms, these combined deflection conduits formed by the combination of deflection conduits on multiple adjacent tiles are the same, or very similar, to other deflection conduits  16  (as described herein) formed within a single tile. Thus, when tiled in a pattern that can be a tessellating pattern, deflection conduits  16  can be defined by the combination of edge effects of adjacent tiles. In the form illustrated in  FIG.  4   , the pair of adjacent tiles each have a portion of a deflection conduit in the shape of a half circle at the tile edge, thus when put together and lined up, the adjacent tiles form an entire deflection conduit  16  in the shape of a circle. 
     As another example, as shown in  FIGS.  5  and  6   , in which reinforcing member  10  and fastening elements  26  are not shown for clarity, edges of tiles  24  can have features that define a protuberance  18  (i. e., a first protuberance) that when paired with an adjacent tile  24  which can have a correspondingly identical edge feature (i.e., a second protuberance), form a combined protuberance, or not. In some forms, these combined protuberances formed by the combination of protuberances on multiple adjacent tiles are the same, or very similar, to other protuberances  16  (as described herein) formed upon a single tile. Thus, when tiled in a pattern that can be a tessellating pattern, protuberances  18  can be defined by the combination of edge effects of adjacent tiles. In the form illustrated in  FIGS.  5  and  6   , the pair of adjacent tiles each have a portion of a protuberance in the shape of a half circle at the tile edge, thus when put together and lined up, the adjacent tiles form an entire protuberance  18  in the shape of a circle. In some forms of deflection conduit  10  tiled in a pattern that can be a tessellating pattern, both deflection conduits  16  and protuberances  18  can be defined by the combination of edge effects of adjacent tiles. 
     Tile  24  can have a specific resulting open area R. As used herein, the term “specific resulting open area” (R) means a ratio of a cumulative projected open area (∑R) of all deflection conduits  16  of a given unit of the deflection member’s surface area (A) to that given surface area (A) of this unit, i.e., R=∑R/A, wherein the projected open area of each individual conduit is formed by a smallest projected open area of such a conduit as measured in a plane parallel to the X-Y plane. The specific open area can be expressed as a fraction or as a percentage. For example, if a hypothetical layer has two thousand individual deflection conduits dispersed throughout a unit surface area (A) of thirty-thousand square millimeters, and each deflection conduit has the projected open area of five square millimeters, the cumulative projected open area (∑R) of all two thousand deflection conduits is ten thousand square millimeters, (5 sq. mm×2.000=10,000 sq. mm), and the specific resulting open area of such a hypothetical layer is R=⅓, or 33.33% (ten thousand square millimeters divided by thirty thousand square millimeters). 
     The cumulative projected open area of each individual conduit is measured based on its smallest projected open area parallel to the X-Y plane, because some deflection conduits may be non-uniform throughout their length, or thickness of the deflection member. For example, some deflection conduits may be tapered as described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,900,122 issued May 4, 1999 in the name of Huston; and U.S. Pat. No. 5,948,210 issued Sep. 7, 1999 in the name of Huston. In other forms of the deflection member disclosed herein, the smallest open area of the individual conduit may be located intermediate the top surface and the bottom surface of the deflection member. 
     The specific resulting open area of the deflection member can be at least about ⅕ (or 20%), or at least about ⅖ (or 40%), or at least about ⅗ (or 60%) or at least about ⅘ (or 80%) or at least about 9/10 (or 90%), or at least about 19/20 (or 95%), or from about 35% to about 98%. According to the present invention, the first specific resulting open area R1 may be greater than, substantially equal to, or less than the second resulting open area R2. 
     Process for Making Deflection Member 
     Tile  24 , as shown in  FIG.  7   , was made by a 3-D printer utilized as the additive manufacturing making apparatus, specifically an Objet 30 Prime®, available from Stratasys Corp.®, Eden Prairie, MN, USA. Other alternative methods of additive manufacturing include, but are not limited to, selective laser sintering (SLS) and direct metal laser sintering for powder bed fusion; continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) and stereolithography (SLA) for vat photo-polymerization; film transfer imaging (FTI); Polyjet, Objet, Connex, Multijet, Projet or Direct Write for material jetting; ProMetal/XOne, Voxeljet, ZCorp for binder jetting; laser engineered net shaping (LENS) for directed energy deposition; ultrasonic consolidation (UC) or Fabrisonic for sheet lamination; or fused deposition modeling (FDM, as marketed by Stratasys Corp., Eden Prairie, MN), also known as fused filament fabrication (FFF) or plastic jet printing (PJP, as marketed by 3D Systems, Rock Hill, SC); or hybrid approaches such as Syringe Delivery System (SDS) using material extrusion and thermal- or light-induced polymerization; or any other known additive manufacturing process. 
     Tile  24 , as shown in  FIG.  7   , was made from an ultraviolet (UV) light curable photopolymer from Stratasys Corp.® - Endur RGD450 and accompanying support material SUP705. The tile was created by rendering 2-D sketches of each repeat element in SolidWorks 2014 x64 SP4.0. In this case, two repeat elements are used in the tile, one parallel to the x-axis and a second parallel to the y-axis - 0.3 mm in either the respective x-or y-directions and each 0.56 mm in the z-direction. The 2-D images were rendered as 3-D by using the Boss Extrude feature to a length of 124 mm. The 3-D repeat element parallel to the x-axis was repeated in the y-direction and spaced equally by 1.3 mm to enable 96 elements in a distance of 124 mm. The 3-D repeat element parallel to the y-axis was repeated in the x-direction and spaced equally to enable 96 elements in a distance of 124 mm. Mate surfaces were defined such that the top surfaces of each 3-D repeat element were at the same elevation. The assembly was saved as binary standard tessellation language (STL) file and printed using an Objet 30 Prime 3-D printer. The STL file was prepared for printing by opening in Objet Studio and oriented on the virtual build platform. Objet Studio sliced the parts prior to printing on the build platform. Print duration ranged from 52 to 64 seconds consuming 22 g of model material and 81 g of support material. After printing, the solid part was removed from the actual build platform using a spatula. Support material was washed away using a high pressure washing system (model OBJ-03US). The tile was dried of residual water at ambient conditions. As further detailed below, the tile was stitched onto a woven filament reinforcing member along each edge and in a manner to bisect the width and length. 
     Tile Fastening to Reinforcing Member 
     The fastening element  26  used to join tiles  24  to reinforcing member  14  can be made from any material sufficiently flexible and strong enough to ensure that the tiles do not become unjoined from the reinforcing member during the production process for a fibrous web. The type and/or source material(s) of fastening element  26  can be selected to withstand processing requirements, including pressure and temperature extremes associated with nonwoven and papermaking processes. Each of the following detailed types of fastening, and any of the various combinations thereof, may be used to fasten tile  24  (or patterned framework  12  comprising one or more tiles) to reinforcing member  14 . 
     Stitching 
     In one form of deflection member  10 , tile  24  can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by stitching and/or tying the tile onto the reinforcing member. When fastening is attained by stitching, fastening element  26  can be a thread made of natural and/or synthetic fiber(s) including, but not limited to, cotton, hair, silk; metallic fiber(s); carbon fiber(s); silicon carbide fiber(s); fiberglass; mineral fiber(s); and polymer fiber(s) including PET or PBT polyester, phenol-formaldehyde (PF); polyvinyl chloride fiber (PVC); polyolefins (PP and PE); acrylic polyesters; aromatic polyamids (aramids) such as Twaron, Kevlar and Nomex; polyethylene (PE), including with extremely long chains / HMPE (e.g. Dyneema or Spectra); polyether ether ketone (“PEEK”); polyphenylene sulfide (“PPS”); and elastomers. Fastening element  26  may also be coated to reduce or prevent water intrusion and/or to give the fastening element greater flame retardancy. In one form of deflection member  10 , reinforcing member  14  is constructed of woven filaments, and the thread used to stitch tile  24  to the reinforcing member is the same type of filament that is used to construct the reinforcing member  14 . 
     As seen in  FIGS.  1 ,  2  and  8   , thread openings  28  on tile  24 , which can be pre-formed holes, permit fastening element  26  to be stitched through and onto reinforcing member  14 . In general, however, it is not necessary that thread openings  28  exist prior to a stitching process; thread openings  28  can be formed during the stitching process. Accordingly, in another form of deflection member  10 , no holes are provided on tile  24 , but stitching is achieved by piercing a hole in tile  24  during the stitching operation. Stitching can be accomplished with needle and thread and can be achieved by hand or by sewing machine by methods known in the art. In some forms, the sewing may be controlled by machine vision to enable utilization of thread openings  28 . In some forms, a channel may exist in an area of tile  24  where stitching is to be located. Such channel may or may not contain preformed holes  28 . The channel allows the thread of the stitches to sit even with, or below the web side surface  22  of tile  24 , keeping the stitches from wearing prematurely in the nonwoven or papermaking process and/or minimizing the appearance of the stitches in the nonwoven and paper products produced on deflection member  10 . 
     When stitching tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  through utilization of a needle, fastening element  26  is threaded through thread opening  28  in the tile (or the needle pierces a hole if there is no pre-existing thread opening), and then threaded through an opening in reinforcing member  14  (or the needle pierces a hole if there is no pre-existing opening at that location in the reinforcing member). Fastening element  26  is then pulled partially through the openings in the tile and reinforcing member. The fastening element  26  is then threaded through an adjacent opening in reinforcing member  14  (or the needle pierces an adjacent hole if there is no pre-existing opening at that location in the reinforcing member), and then threaded through an adjacent thread opening  28  in the tile (or the needle pierces a hole if there is no adjacent pre-existing thread opening). Each time these steps are performed, the process will result in a stitch. This process may be continued by hand or sewing machine until tile  24  is fastened to reinforcing member  14  in a desirable manner for a particular application of deflection member  10 . As illustrated in  FIGS.  1  and  2   , this process may be continued to create a deflection member  10  with a row of stitches around the perimeter of tile  24 . In some forms, the stitches may also be disposed inside of the outer perimeter of tile  24 . In some forms, the stitching process is not continuous, and fastening is achieved by unitizing stitches of thread (or a loop of thread with a knot) in one or more discrete locations. 
     The fastening of tiles  24  to a reinforcing member  14  can be achieved by stitching in various ways. In addition to stitching by tying or sewing with thread or filaments around the perimeter of each tile, as shown in  FIG.  1   , joining can be achieved by stitching adjacent tiles  24  across their mutual boundary, as shown in  FIG.  8   , which illustrates threads  26  joining adjacent tiles  24 H,  24 I and  24 J through thread openings  28  along representative adjoining sides to each other and/or reinforcing member  14  below. Of course, the joining can be to all adjacent sides, but only three are shown in  FIG.  8    for simplicity and clarity. As with the general disclosure above, it is not necessary that thread openings  28  exist as holes prior to a stitching process; the thread openings can be formed during the stitching process. 
     Likewise, as shown in  FIG.  8   , stitching can be achieved to form deflection member  10  by stitching rows of fastening element  26  threads across web side surface  22  of tiles  24  without regard for tile shape, as shown partially covering tiles  24 F,  24 G, and  24 I. Rows of stitching can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape of tiles and the open area of reinforcing member  14  so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The rows can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The rows may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Rows of stitching may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. 
     As a variant to the form shown in  FIG.  8   , in which stitching is shown as being accomplished on web side surface  22  of the deflection member  10  (i.e., first point of entry of needle/thread is through the web side surface of deflection member), stitching can also be accomplished from back side  20  of the deflection member  10 , as shown in  FIG.  9    (i.e., first point of entry of needle/thread is through the back side of deflection member). As with the general description of stitching in rows as shown in  FIG.  8   , the stitching on back side  20 , as shown in  FIG.  9   , can be in rows that are parallel or non-parallel, straight, or curvilinear, the rows being appropriately spaced to adequately join tiles  24  to reinforcing member  14  for their intended purpose. The rows may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Rows of stitching may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. 
     In another form of deflection member  10  detailed herein, tiles  24  can be pre-joined together to make a multi-tile grouping (e.g., patterned framework  12 ) prior to being stitched onto reinforcing member  14 . For example, tiles  24  can be joined with stitching across their mutual boundary, as shown in  FIG.  8   , but in the absence of a reinforcing member, and then stitched as a multi-tile grouping to reinforcing member  14 , for example, with rows of stitching across the patterned framework like shown in  FIGS.  8  and  9   . As another example, tiles  24  can be joined with stitching across their mutual boundary, as shown in  FIG.  8   , but in the absence of a reinforcing member, and then stitched as a multi-tile grouping to reinforcing member  14 , for example, with rows of stitching along the perimeter of the overall patterned framework like shown in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . As another example, tiles  24  can be joined with stitching across their mutual boundary, as shown in  FIG.  8   , but in the absence of a reinforcing member, and then stitched as a multi-tile grouping to reinforcing member  14 , for example, with rows of stitching both across the patterned framework like shown in  FIGS.  8  and  9   , and along the perimeter of the overall patterned framework like shown in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . In this manner, relatively large areas of tiles  24  can be prepared ahead of time, and stitched into place on reinforcing member  14  without the risk of adjacent tiles moving and being stitched in a misplaced position. 
       FIG.  7    is a photograph of a tile  24  stitched with fastening element  26  to reinforcing member  14 , which is a woven papermaking fabric. Tile  24  was made by an additive manufacturing process in a simple grid pattern of generally square deflection conduits  16 , and stitched onto a papermaking fabric comprising a weave of polymer filaments. The stitching was accomplished by use of a sewing machine with cotton thread from web side surface  22  of deflection member  10 . Deflection member  10  could have a larger patterned framework by stitching more tiles  24  onto reinforcing member  14  such that more of the area of the reinforcing member  14  is covered by tiles  24  up to and including a point where the entire area of the reinforcing member is covered in tiles. In such a form, the tiles of the larger patterned framework could be first fastened to each other as detailed above, and then fastened to reinforcing member  14  as a group, or the tiles of the larger patterned framework could be fastened to reinforcing member  14  individually. 
     In some forms, the detail of the stitching thread that is used to fasten tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  may be visible on the fibrous paper products/nonwoven products produced on deflection member  10 . 
     Riveting 
     In another form of deflection member  10 , tile  24  can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by riveting the tile onto the reinforcing member. When fastening is attained by riveting, fastening element  26 A can be a rivet made from metal, ferrous materials, metal-impregnated resins, ferrous-impregnated resins, plastics, crosslinked polymers, thermoplastics, metal-impregnated thermoplastics, ferrous-impregnated thermoplastics, amorphous thermoplastics, semi-crystalline thermoplastics, crystalline thermoplastics, thermosets, photopolymers, UV curable resins, and combinations thereof. In some forms, rivets  26 A can be coated to prevent corrosion, hydrolysis and/or degradation. In one form, rivets  26 A that contain ferrous materials may be coated to inhibit corrosion (e.g., rust) in a water intensive papermaking process. 
     Tile  24  and rivets  26 A may be made of the same material, partially from the same material, or from wholly different materials. Further, the material making up rivets  26 A on tile  24  may differ from tile to tile in patterned framework  12 . In other forms of deflection member  10  disclosed herein, the material making up rivets  26 A may be the same, or at least partially the same, from tile to tile in patterned framework  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  10 - 12   , rivets  26 A are disposed on backside  20  of tile  24 . If the tile is additively manufactured in a process such as 3-D printing, the rivets can be printed onto the backside of the tile.  FIG.  10    illustrates the top side of tile  24 , and rivets  26 A are on the backside of the tile, and therefore not shown.  FIG.  11    illustrates a cross sectional view of  FIG.  10   , the view taken through line 11-11. In this figure, rivets  26 A are visible on backside  20  of tile  24 . As further detailed below, during the fastening process, energy is applied to rivets  26 A, softening the material of the rivet and allowing the material of the rivet to be pressed through the holes of reinforcing member  14  and/or flow around the filaments of the reinforcing member (when applicable in forms of deflection member  10  that include a woven filament reinforcing member). The pressing of the softened rivet through reinforcing member  14  will deform the original shape of the rivet, forcing the softened material of the rivet through the holes in the reinforcing member.  FIG.  12    illustrates tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  after the softened rivets of the tile have been pressed into the holes of the reinforcing member. When the energy dissipates from rivet  26 A, the material of the rivet cools and stiffens in a new deformed shape through and around reinforcing member  14  holes, thus fastening tile  24  to the reinforcing member. When rivet  26 A is pressed into reinforcing member  14 , the material of the rivet may only partially penetrate the thickness of the reinforcing member, or may fully penetrate the thickness of the reinforcing member, as illustrated in  FIG.  12   . 
     In one non-limiting form of deflection member  10 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  10 - 12   , reinforcing member  14  is made of woven filaments  8 , and tile  24  is riveted onto the reinforcing member by the softened material of rivets  26 A being pressed through the holes in the weave of the reinforcing member. Accordingly, the softened material of rivets  26 A is deformed to be pressed through the holes and around woven filaments  8 , thus fastening tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  as the material of the rivets cools and stiffens. In alternate forms, wherein the reinforcing member takes the form of a perforated polymer film or a perforated metallic sheet, the softened material of the rivets may be pressed through the holes of reinforcing member. 
     Rivets  26 A can be in any size and or shape that is desirable to support the fastening of tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  in a particular application. In the form of deflection member  10  that is illustrated in  FIGS.  10 - 12   , rivets  26 A are shaped as rectangular prisms, and are tall enough in the Z-direction (i.e., height of the rivet) to allow the material of the rivet to penetrate the weave of reinforcing member  14 . However, other rivet sizes and shapes are also within the scope of this disclosure. For example, in some forms of deflection member  10 , rivets may be shaped as cubes, spheres, cylinders, pyramids, pentagonal prisms, hexagonal prisms, heptagonal prisms, octagonal prisms, other various prisms, and combinations thereof. In some forms of deflection member  10 , rivets  26 A may have a height of about 3 mils to about 100 mils, or about 5 mils to about 50 mils, or about 10 mils to about 40 mils, or about 15 mils to about 30 mils, or about 20 mils to about 25 mils. 
     Rivets  26 A may be disposed on backside  20  of tile  24  in any regular pattern or irregular orientation. If rivets  26 A are disposed in rows on the backside of the tile, the rows of rivets can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape and open area of tiles, and the open area of the reinforcing member  14 , so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The rows can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The rows may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Rows of rivets may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. 
     The application of energy to soften rivets  26 A before/during the fastening process may be by any method known in the art. Non-limiting examples include infrared heating, hot air heating, steam heating, conduction heating, induction heating, and/or combinations thereof. In one form of applying energy to rivets  26 A, infrared or hot air heating may be applied to the rivets. If such fastening method is performed in a line process where reinforcing member  14  is located between the infrared or hot air source and the rivets, the energy may travel through the holes in the reinforcing member. Further, if applying infrared or hot air heating, it may be preferable that the rivets are made of a different material than the material that makes up tile  24 . If rivets  26 A are made of a material that has a lower melting temperature than the material that makes up tile  24 , the rivets will be capable of being softened while still maintaining the integrity of the tile for the pressing step detailed below. In another form of applying energy to rivets  26 A, induction heating may be applied to the rivets. In such process that includes induction heating, the rivets must contain a ferrous material such as an alloy steel, carbon steel, cast iron, wrought iron, etc. For example, in some forms of deflection member  10 , the tile may be made of a UV curable material, and the rivets disposed on backside  20  of the tile may be made of a plastic infused with ferrous particles. If such method is performed in a line process, the induction heating source may be located either above or below the line, as induction heating will create eddy currents that pass through the non-ferrous materials and preferentially heat the ferrous materials. Accordingly, the induction heating source will heat up the ferrous materials within rivets  26 A and soften the other surrounding materials (thermoplastic material, etc.) in the rivets that are in close proximity to the ferrous materials. 
     After rivets  26 A have been softened, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together, thus forcing the softened material of the rivets to deform through the holes of the reinforcing member. Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in any type of pressing method/apparatus known in the art. As a non-limiting example, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in a line process in between rollers. After pressing, tile  24  (or many tiles in a patterned framework as detailed above) and reinforcing member  14  will form a laminate material, as illustrated in  FIG.  12   . 
     In some forms of deflection member  10 , rivets  26 A may be provided in a form of liquid material that is applied through tile  24  and into reinforcing member  14 . The liquid materials that may be used in this process may be plastics, crosslinked polymers, thermoplastics, amorphous thermoplastics, semi-crystalline thermoplastics, crystalline thermoplastics, thermosets, photopolymers, UV curable resins, and combinations thereof. The process may be performed with a similar process as described in U.S. Pat. Publication No. 2007/170,610 published on Jul. 26, 2007 in the name of Payne et al.; and 2005/280,184 published on Dec. 22, 2005 in the name of Sayers et al. 
     Adhesive and/or Solvent Welding 
     In another form of deflection member  10 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  13 - 15   , tile  24  can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by utilizing adhesive to adhere the tile onto the reinforcing member. When fastening with adhesive, fastening element  26 B can be an adhesive selected from the group comprising air activated adhesives, light activated adhesives, heat activated adhesives, moisture activated adhesives, and combinations thereof. Possible adhesives include, but are not limited to, adhesives that have low (about 1 to 100 cP at room temperature), medium (101 to 10000 cP at room temperature) and high viscosity (10001 to about 1000000 cP at room temperature) and may exhibit Newtonian or non-Newtonian behavior when deformed prior to curing and may exist as a liquid, gel, paste; epoxies, nonamine epoxy, anhydride-cured epoxy, amine-cured epoxy, high temperature epoxies, modified epoxies, filled epoxies, aluminum filled epoxy, rubber modified epoxies, vinyl epoxies, nitrile epoxy, single and multipart epoxies, phenolics, nitrile phenolics, nitrile phenolic elastomer, nitrile adhesives, modified phenolics, epoxy-phenolics, neoprene phenolics, neoprene phenolic elastomer, second generation acrylics, cyanoacrylates, silicone rubbers, vinyl plastisols, single and multipart polyurethanes, PBI and PI (polyimide) adhesives, acetylenic modified PI, perfluoro-alkylene modified PI, aromatic PI, perfluoro-alkylene modified aromatic PI, epoxy-nylon, polyamides, vinyl-phenolic, polyisocyanates, melamines, melamine formaldehyde, neoprenes, acrylics, modified acrylics, natural rubber (latex), chlorinated natural rubber, reclaimed rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), carboxylated styrene butadiene copolymer, styrene butadiene, butadiene-acrylonitrile sulfide, silicone rubber, bitumen, soluble silicates, polyphenylquinoxaline, (solvent adhesive) hexafluoroacetone sesquihydrate (structural adhesive) thermosets: epoxy, polyester with isocyanate curing, styrene-unsaturated polyester, unsaturated polyesters, polyester-polyisocyanates, cyanoacrylate (non-structural adhesive) one component: thermoplastic resins, rubbers, synthetic rubber, phenolic resin and/or elastomers dispersed in solvents; room temperature curing based on thermoplastic resins, rubbers, synthetic rubber, SBR (styrene phenolic resin and/or elastomers dispersed in solvents; elastomeric adhesives, neoprene (polychloroprene) rubber, rubber based adhesives, resorcinol, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, polyurethane elastomer, polyurethane rubber (bodied solvent cements) epoxies, urethanes, second generation acrylics, vinyls, nitrile-phenolics, solvent type nitrile-phenolic, cyanoacrylates, Polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate (carboxylic), phenoxy, resorcinol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, Polyisobutylene rubber, polyisobutyl rubber, polyisobutylene, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, nitrile rubber phenolic, modified acrylics, cellulose nitrate in solution (household cement), synthetic rubber, thermoplastic resin combined with thermosetting resin, Nylon-phenolic, vulcanizing silicones, room-temperature vulcanizing silicones, hot melts, polyamide hot melts, Epoxy-polyamide, polyamide, epoxy-polysulfide, polysulfides, silicone sealant, silicone elastomers, Anaerobic adhesive, vinyl acetate/vinyl chloride solution adhesives, PMMA, pressure sensitive adhesives, polyphenylene sulfide, Phenolic polyvinyl butyral, furans, furane, phenol-formaldehyde, polyvinyl formal-phenolic, polyvinyl butyral, butadiene nitrile rubber, resorcinol- polyvinyl butyral, urethane elastomers, PVC, polycarbonate copolymer, polycarbonate copolymer with resorcinol, siloxane and/or bisphenol-A, and Flexible epoxy-polyamides. Other possible adhesives include natural adhesives such as casein, natural rubber, latex and gels from fish skins, and adhesives that provide temporary adhesion such as water soluble glues (e.g., Elmer’s® glue and Elmer’s® glue stick). Such temporary adhesion adhesives may be useful in fastening combinations as detailed below. 
     Adhesive  26 B (in one or more layers and/or patterns) can be applied to either backside  20  of tile  24 , or to reinforcing member  14 , or to both the backside of the tile and the reinforcing member, or as a separate element between the tile and the reinforcing member. In one form of deflection member  10 , as illustrated in  FIG.  14   , adhesive  26 B is only applied to tile  24 . In another form of deflection member  10 , adhesive is only applied to reinforcing member (in forms where reinforcing member  14  is a woven sheet, adhesive may flow around filaments  8  and into the holes of the weave). Total adhesive  26 B can be applied in a thickness of about 1 micron to about 2500 microns, or about 1 micron to about 1000 microns, or about 1 micron to about 500 microns, or about 1 micron to about 300 microns, or about 150 microns to about 500 microns, or about 150 microns to about 300 microns. 
     Adhesive  26 B can be applied over the entire tile and/or the reinforcing member, or substantially the entire tile and/or reinforcing member, or in any regular pattern or irregular orientation that will provide the desired adhesion between tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  that will survive the temperatures, pressures, and forces applied deflection member  10  during the papermaking process. If adhesive  26 B is disposed in a striped pattern on the backside  20  of tile  24 , the stripes can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape and open space of the tiles, and the open area of reinforcing member  14 , so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The stripes can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The stripes may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Stripes of adhesive may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. Other exemplary adhesive patterns may include discontinuous dots, a checkerboard pattern, and patterns that are controlled to match surface contact points between reinforcing structure  14  and the bottom of tile  24 . Other exemplary adhesive patterns may include discrete shapes (e.g., circles, ovals, polygons, etc.) placed down in orthogonal, sinusoidal regular or irregular patterns. Patterns of adhesive may be applied to tile  24  and/or reinforcing member  14  through the utilization of slot coaters, gravure rolls, kiss coating rolls, spray coaters, plasma coaters, brushes, wipers, wipes, dispensing assemblies, dipping, dipping with pneumatic removal of excess, dipping with solvent removal of excess, dipping with vacuum removal of excess, capillary applications, etc. 
     Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may also be fastened together through a solvent welding process. Particular solvents that may be used in the solvent welding process include isopropyl alcohol, dichloromethane, dichloromethane-tetrahydrofuran, acetone, cyclohexanone, N,N-Dimethyl formamide, ethyl acetate, dichloroethane, glacial acetic acid, methyl ethyl ketone, 2-methoxy ethanol, N-methyl pyrrolidone, O-dichlorobenzol, tetrachloroethylene, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene; formic acid, phenol, resorcinol or cresol in aqueous or alcoholic solutions; and calcium chloride in alcoholic solutions. Other welding processes could also be utilized including, but not limited to, thermal welding, ultrasonic welding, and laser welding, as detailed in U.S. Publication No. 2016/009,0693. 
     Solvent can be applied to either backside  20  of tile  24 , or to reinforcing member  14 , or to both the backside of the tile and the reinforcing member. Solvent can be applied over the entire tile and/or the reinforcing member, or substantially the entire tile and/or reinforcing member, or in any regular pattern or irregular orientation that will provide good adhesion between tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  that will survive the temperatures, pressures, and forces applied to deflection member  10  during the papermaking process. If solvent is disposed in a striped pattern on the backside  20  of tile  24 , the stripes can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape of tiles and the open area of the reinforcing member  14  so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The stripes can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The stripes may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Stripes of solvent may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. Other exemplary adhesive patterns may include discontinuous dots, a checkerboard pattern, and patterns that are controlled to match surface contact points between the reinforcing structure and the bottom of tile  24 . Other exemplary solvent patterns may include discrete shapes (e.g., circles, ovals, polygons, etc.) placed down in orthogonal, sinusoidal regular or irregular patterns. Patterns of solvent may be applied to tile  24  and/or reinforcing member  14  through the utilization of slot coaters, gravure rolls, kiss coating rolls, spray coaters, plasma coaters, brushes, wipers, wipes, dispensing assemblies, dipping, dipping with pneumatic removal of excess, dipping with solvent removal of excess, dipping with vacuum removal of excess, capillary applications, etc., and combinations thereof. 
     After adhesive  26 B and/or solvent have been applied to backside  20  of tile  24  and/or the web side of reinforcing member  14 , the tile and reinforcing member may be brought in contact and/or pressed together. Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in any type of pressing method/apparatus known in the art. As a non-limiting example, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in a line process in between rollers. After pressing, tile  24  (or many tiles in a patterned framework as detailed above) and reinforcing member  14  will form a laminate material, as illustrated in  FIG.  15   . If the utilized adhesive was a light activated adhesive or a heat activated adhesive, a light or heat application (as necessary) would be applied to the laminate to cure the adhesive. 
     Further, before attachment of tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  with adhesive, the surface of the tile and/or the reinforcing member that contacts the adhesive may be pretreated. Non-limiting pretreatments may include primers, corona/plasma treatments, swelling the tile and/or reinforcing member material for increased adhesion treatment, and sanding/roughening the surface to increase surface area. In some non-limiting examples, one or both of the surfaces may be treated as detailed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,105,465 issued Sep. 12, 2006 in the name of Patel et al. 
     Resin 
     In another form of deflection member  10 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  16 - 18   , tile  24  can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by utilizing a resin to adhere the tile onto the reinforcing member. When fastening with resin, fastening element  26 C can be a resin selected from the group comprising light activated resins, heat activated resins and combinations thereof. In some deflection members  10 , the utilized resin may be as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,514,345 issued Apr. 30, 1985 in the name of Johnson et al., and/or as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,010,598 issued Jan. 4, 2000 in the name of Boutilier et al. In other deflection members  10 , the utilized resin may be as described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,445,831 issued Nov. 4, 2008 in the name of Ashraf et al. 
     Resin  26 C can be applied to either backside  20  of tile  24 , or to reinforcing member  14 , or to both the backside of the tile and the reinforcing member, or as a separate element between the tile and the reinforcing member (as depicted in  FIG.  17   ). In one form of deflection member  10 , resin  26 C is only applied to reinforcing member  14  (in forms where reinforcing member  14  is a woven sheet, adhesive flows around filaments  8  and into the holes of the weave). In another form of deflection member  10 , resin  26 C is only applied to the backside of the tile. Total resin  26 C can be applied in a thickness of about 1 micron to about 2500 microns, or about 1 micron to about 1000 microns, or about 1 micron to about 500 microns, or about 1 micron to about 300 microns, or about 150 microns to about 500 microns, or about 150 microns to about 300 microns. 
     Resin  26 C can be applied over the entire tile and/or the reinforcing member, or substantially the entire tile and/or reinforcing member, or in any regular pattern or irregular orientation that will provide the desired adhesion between tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  that will survive the temperatures, pressures, and forces applied during the papermaking process. If resin  26 C is disposed in a striped pattern on the backside  20  of tile  24 , the stripes can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape of tiles and the open area of the reinforcing member  14  so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The stripes can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The stripes may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Stripes of resin may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. Other exemplary resin patterns may include discontinuous dots, a checkerboard pattern, and patterns that are controlled to match surface contact points between the reinforcing structure and the bottom of tile  24 . Other exemplary resin patterns may include discrete shapes (e.g., circles, ovals, polygons, etc.) placed down in orthogonal, sinusoidal regular or irregular patterns. Patterns of resin may be applied to tile  24  and/or reinforcing member  14  through the utilization of additive manufacturing methods such as 3-D printing, slot coaters, gravure rolls, kiss coating rolls, spray coaters, plasma coaters, brushes, wipers, wipes, dispensing assemblies, dipping, dipping with pneumatic removal of excess, dipping with solvent removal of excess, dipping with vacuum removal of excess, capillary applications, etc. 
     After resin  26 C has been applied to backside  20  of tile  24  and/or the web side surface of reinforcing member  14 , the resin may be at least partially cured before the tile and reinforcing member are contacted and/or pressed together (for example, by application of UV light, or heat, or whatever the requisite curing medium is for the particular resin). Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in any type of pressing method/apparatus known in the art. As a non-limiting example, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in a line process in between rollers. After pressing, tile  24  (or many tiles in a patterned framework as detailed above) and reinforcing member  14  will form a laminate material, as illustrated in  FIG.  18   . In forms of deflection member  10  where the resin was partially cured before pressing, the partially cured resin may then be further cured, or fully cured, in a second curing step. In forms of deflection member  10  where the resin was not partially cured before pressing, the uncured resin may be partially cured, or fully cured, in a post-pressing, curing step. 
     In one form of deflection member  10 , resin  26 C is a UV light curable resin, and deposited on web side surface  22  of reinforcing member  14 . After deposition, the resin is partially cured in a UV light application. Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  are then pressed in a line process to form a laminate. The partially cured resin  26 C of the laminate is then further cured in a second application of UV light. 
     Mechanical Fasteners 
     In another form of deflection member  10 , tile  24  can be fastened to reinforcing member  14  by mechanically fastening the tile onto the reinforcing member. When fastening is attained by mechanical fastening, fastening element  26 D can be a mechanical fastener made from metal, ferrous materials, metal-impregnated resins, ferrous-impregnated resins, plastics, crosslinked polymers, thermoplastics, metal-impregnated thermoplastics, ferrous-impregnated thermoplastics, amorphous thermoplastics, semi-crystalline thermoplastics, crystalline thermoplastics, thermosets, photopolymers, and combinations thereof. Other forms of mechanical fastening between tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may also be implemented through heat fusion, ultrasonic welding and/or laser welding. The mechanical fastening can be permanent or temporary, depending on the desired application. Forms of mechanical fastening that may be useful in the deflection members detailed herein are found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 9,616,638; 5,983,467; 6,124,015; 6,902,787; and 7,220,340; and U.S. Publication No. 2003/0190451. 
     Tile  24  and mechanical fasteners  26 D may be made of the same material, partially from the same material, or from wholly different materials. Further, the material making up mechanical fastener  26 D on tile  24  may differ from tile to tile in a patterned framework  12 . In other forms of deflection member  10  disclosed herein, the material making up mechanical fastener  26 D may be the same, or at least partially the same, from tile to tile in a patterned framework  12 . 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  19 - 21   , mechanical fasteners  26 D are disposed on backside  20  of tile  24 . If the tile is additively manufactured in a process such as 3-D printing, the mechanical fasteners can be printed onto the backside of the tile.  FIG.  19    illustrates the top side of tile  24 , and mechanical fasteners  26 D are on the backside of the tile, and therefore not shown.  FIG.  20    illustrates a cross sectional view of  FIG.  19   , the view taken through line  20 - 20 . In this figure, mechanical fasteners  26 D are visible on backside  20  of tile  24 . As further detailed below, during the fastening process, the mechanical fasteners  26 D on tile  24  may be pressed/snapped/locked/temporarily locked into the open area of reinforcing member  14  (e.g., between the filaments of a woven reinforcing member). 
     In one non-limiting form of deflection member  10 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  19 - 21   , reinforcing member  14  is made of woven filaments  8 , and tile  24  is mechanically fastened onto the reinforcing member by the mechanical fasteners  26 D being pressed through the holes in the weave of the reinforcing member. The shape of the mechanical fastener  26 D will function to hold tile  24  to reinforcing member  14 . In such a form, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be temporarily fastened to one another, allowing the removal of the particular tile when it wears out through extended use. 
     Mechanical fastener  26 D can be made in any size and or shape that is desirable to support the temporary or permanent fastening of tile  24  to reinforcing member  14  in a particular application. In the form of deflection member  10  that is illustrated in  FIGS.  19 - 21    (shown in cross section with CD filaments removed for clarity), mechanical fasteners  26 D are curved with a drawn-in waist portion, and are tall enough in the Z-direction (i.e., height of the mechanical fastener) to allow the mechanical fastener to penetrate the weave of reinforcing member  14  far enough to snap into place. However, other mechanical fastener sizes and shape are also within the scope of this disclosure. For example, in some forms of deflection member  10 , mechanical fasteners may be shaped as hooks (e.g., such as Velcro® type hooks), cubes, spheres, various curved shapes, cylinders, pentagonal prisms, hexagonal prisms, heptagonal prisms, octagonal prisms, other various prisms, and combinations thereof. In some forms of deflection member  10 , mechanical fasteners  26 D may have a height of about 3 mils to about 100 mils, or about 5 mils to about 50 mils, or about 10 mils to about 40 mils, or about 15 mils to about 30 mils, or about 20 mils to about 25 mils. 
     Mechanical fasteners  26 D may be disposed on backside  20  of tile  24  in any regular pattern or irregular orientation. If mechanical fasteners  26 D are disposed in rows on the backside of the tile, the rows of mechanical fasteners can be spaced and oriented with respect to the MD and CD appropriately, depending on the size and shape and open area of tiles, and the open area of the reinforcing member  14 , so that sufficient joining is achieved depending on the requirements of the fibrous structure making process. The rows can be parallel or non-parallel, and they can be curvilinear or straight. The rows may be oriented in the X-direction, the Y-direction, or between the X and Y directions, for example, on a diagonal to either the X-direction or the Y-direction. Rows of rivets may also be oriented in multiple directions, and may fail to intersect with one another in, for example, a zig-zag pattern, or may intersect with each other in, for example, a cross-hatching pattern. 
     Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together, thus forcing/snapping/locking the mechanical fasteners  26 D through the holes of the reinforcing member. Tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together by hand or in any type of pressing method/apparatus known in the art. As a non-limiting example, tile  24  and reinforcing member  14  may be pressed together in a line process in between rollers. After pressing, tile  24  (or many tiles in a patterned framework as detailed above) and reinforcing member  14  will form a laminate material, as illustrated in  FIG.  21   . In forms of deflection member  10  that include reversible snaps, tile  24  may be removed and reapplied to reinforcing member  14  as desired. 
     Combinations 
     In the various forms of deflection member  10  contemplated herein, any of the above detailed fastening elements  26 ,  26 A,  26 B,  26 C,  26 D may be used in combination. For example, in one form of deflection member  10 , a patterned framework of tiles  24  is fastened to reinforcing member  14  through both stitching and adhesive. In such a deflection member, the tiles are stitched to one another to form patterned framework  12  that is unitary. The unitary patterned framework is then attached to reinforcing member  14  though the utilization of adhesive. In another form of deflection member  10 , a patterned framework of tiles  24  is again fastened to reinforcing member  14  through both stitching and adhesive. In such a deflection member, the tile(s) are adhered to reinforcing member  14  though the utilization of a temporary adhesive, such as a water soluble glue. The tile(s) are then stitched to reinforcing member  14 . Deflection member  10  may then be sprayed with water in order to dissolve the water soluble glue, thus removing glue from any of the open areas within reinforcing member  14 , allowing greater air permeability through deflection member  10 . 
     In another exemplary form of deflection member  10 , a patterned framework of tiles  24  is fastened to reinforcing member  14  through both stitching and riveting. In such a deflection member, the tiles are stitched to one another to form patterned framework  12  that is unitary. The unitary patterned framework is then attached to reinforcing member  14  though the utilization of rivets. In another exemplary form of deflection member  10 , a patterned framework of tiles  24  is fastened to reinforcing member  14  through both stitching and resin. In such a deflection member, the tiles are stitched to one another to form patterned framework  12  that is unitary. The unitary patterned framework is then attached to reinforcing member  14  though the utilization of resin. 
     Fibrous Structure 
     One purpose of the deflection member  10  is to provide a forming surface on which to mold fibrous structures, including sanitary tissue products, such as paper towels, toilet tissue, facial tissue, wipes, dry or wet mop covers, nonwovens such as baby care and fem care topsheet materials, and the like. When used in a papermaking process, deflection member  10  can be utilized in the “wet end” of a papermaking process, as described in more detail below, in which fibers from a fibrous slurry are deposited on web side surface  22  of deflection member  10 . As discussed below, a portion of the fibers can be deflected into deflection conduits  16  and onto protuberances  18  of deflection member  10  to cause some of the deflected fibers or portions thereof to be disposed within the deflection conduits of the deflection member. Similarly, deflection member  10  can be used to catch fibers in a nonwoven making process. 
     Thus, as can be understood from the description above, fibrous structure  500  can mold to the general shape of deflection member  10  such that the shape and size of the three-dimensional features of the fibrous structure are a close approximation of the size and shape of protuberances  18  and deflection conduits  16 . Further, in forms herein that include deflection member  10  having tiles  24  stitched on their web side surface  22  to reinforcing member  14 , the fibrous structure  500  that is produced will further include an imprint of the thread  26  used to fasten the tile to the reinforcing member. Thus, the produced fibrous structure 500 will include additional structure due to the presence of thread  26  on the web side surface  22  of tile  24 , as fibers of the fibrous structure are laid down over and around the thread(s). 
     Process for Making Fibrous Structure 
     In one form, deflection members  10  as disclosed herein may be used in a nonwoven making process to capture/mold fibers in the creation of a nonwoven web, the type of which is commonly used in baby and fem care products. Such processes use forced air and/or vacuum to draw fibers down into deflection member  10 . 
     In another form, deflection members  10  as disclosed herein may be used in a papermaking process. With reference to  FIG.  22   , one exemplary form of the process for producing fibrous structure  500  of the present disclosure comprises the following steps, which could be employed to make a fibrous structure with deflection member  10  disclosed herein. First, a plurality of fibers  501  is provided and is deposited on a forming wire of a papermaking machine, as is known in the art. 
     The present invention contemplates the use of a variety of fibers, such as, for example, cellulosic fibers, synthetic fibers, or any other suitable fibers, and any combination thereof. Papermaking fibers useful in the present invention include cellulosic fibers commonly known as wood pulp fibers. Fibers derived from soft woods (gymnosperms or coniferous trees) and hard woods (angiosperms or deciduous trees) are contemplated for use in this invention. The particular species of tree from which the fibers are derived is immaterial. The hardwood and softwood fibers can be blended, or alternatively, can be deposited in layers to provide a stratified web. U.S. Pat. No. 4,300,981 issued Nov. 17, 1981 in the name of Carstens; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,994,771 issued Nov. 30, 1976 in the name of Morgan et al. are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of disclosing layering of hardwood and softwood fibers. 
     The wood pulp fibers can be produced from the native wood by any convenient pulping process. Chemical processes such as sulfite, sulfate (including the Kraft) and soda processes are suitable. Mechanical processes such as thermomechanical (or Asplund) processes are also suitable. In addition, the various semi-chemical and chemi-mechanical processes can be used. Bleached as well as unbleached fibers are contemplated for use. When the fibrous web of this invention is intended for use in absorbent products such as paper towels, bleached northern softwood Kraft pulp fibers may be used. Wood pulps useful herein include chemical pulps such as Kraft, sulfite and sulfate pulps as well as mechanical pulps including for example, ground wood, thermomechanical pulps and Chemi-ThermoMechanical Pulp (CTMP). Pulps derived from both deciduous and coniferous trees can be used. 
     In addition to the various wood pulp fibers, other cellulosic fibers such as cotton linters, rayon, and bagasse can be used in this invention. Synthetic fibers, such as polymeric fibers, can also be used. Elastomeric polymers, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyolefin, and nylon, can be used. The polymeric fibers can be produced by spunbond processes, meltblown processes, and other suitable methods known in the art. It is believed that thin, long, and continuous fibers produces by spunbond and meltblown processes may be beneficially used in the fibrous structure of the present invention, because such fibers are believed to be easily deflectable into the pockets of the deflection member of the present invention. 
     The paper furnish can comprise a variety of additives, including but not limited to fiber binder materials, such as wet strength binder materials, dry strength binder materials, chemical softening compositions, latexes, bicomponent fibers with a soften-able or meltable outer shell, and thermoplastic fibers. Suitable wet strength binders include, but are not limited to, materials such as polyamide-epichlorohydrin resins sold under the trade name of KYMENE™ 557H by Hercules Inc., Wilmington, Del. Suitable temporary wet strength binders include but are not limited to synthetic polyacrylates. A suitable temporary wet strength binder is PAREZ™ 750 marketed by American Cyanamid of Stanford, Conn. Suitable dry strength binders include materials such as carboxymethyl cellulose and cationic polymers such as ACCO™ 711. The CYPRO/ACCO family of dry strength materials are available from CYTEC of Kalamazoo, Mich. Forms of fiber bonding may also be utilized, including, but not limited to, carding and hydroentangling. 
     The paper furnish can comprise a debonding agent to inhibit formation of some fiber to fiber bonds as the web is dried. The debonding agent, in combination with the energy provided to the web by the dry creping process, results in a portion of the web being debulked. In one form, the debonding agent can be applied to fibers forming an intermediate fiber layer positioned between two or more layers. The intermediate layer acts as a debonding layer between outer layers of fibers. The creping energy can therefore debulk a portion of the web along the debonding layer. Suitable debonding agents include chemical softening compositions such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,279,767 issued Jan. 18, 1994 in the name of Phan et al., the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference Suitable biodegradable chemical softening compositions are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,312,522 issued May 17, 1994 in the name of Phan et al.; U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,279,767 and 5,312,522, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Such chemical softening compositions can be used as debonding agents for inhibiting fiber to fiber bonding in one or more layers of the fibers making up the web. One suitable softener for providing debonding of fibers in one or more layers of fibers forming the web is a papermaking additive comprising DiEster Di (Touch Hardened) Tallow Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride. A suitable softener is ADOGEN® brand papermaking additive available from Witco Company of Greenwich, Conn. 
     The embryonic web can be typically prepared from an aqueous dispersion of papermaking fibers, though dispersions in liquids other than water can be used. The fibers are dispersed in the carrier liquid to have a consistency of from about 0.1 to about 0.3 percent. Alternatively, and without being limited by theory, it is believed that the present invention is applicable to moist forming operations where the fibers are dispersed in a carrier liquid to have a consistency less than about 50 percent. In yet another alternative form, and without being limited by theory, it is believed that the present invention is also applicable to layered wires, structured wires, wet micro contraction, vacuum dewatering, airlaid structures, including air-laid webs comprising pulp fibers, synthetic fibers, and mixtures thereof. 
     Conventional papermaking fibers can be used and the aqueous dispersion can be formed in conventional ways. Conventional papermaking equipment and processes can be used to form the embryonic web on the Fourdrinier wire. The association of the embryonic web with the deflection member can be accomplished by simple transfer of the web between two moving endless belts as assisted by differential fluid pressure. The fibers may be deflected into the deflection member  10  by the application of differential fluid pressure induced by an applied vacuum. Any technique, such as the use of a Yankee drum dryer, can be used to dry the intermediate web. Foreshortening can be accomplished by any conventional technique such as creping. 
     The plurality of fibers can also be supplied in the form of a moistened fibrous web (not shown), which should preferably be in a condition in which portions of the web could be effectively deflected into the deflection conduits of the deflection member and the void spaces formed between the suspended portions and the X-Y plane. 
     The embryonic web comprising fibers  501  is transferred from a forming wire  123  to a belt  121  on which deflection member  10  as detailed herein can be disposed by placing it on the belt  121  upstream of a vacuum pick-up shoe  148   a . Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of fibers, or fibrous slurry, can be deposited onto deflection member  10  directly from a headbox or otherwise, including in a batch process, (not shown). The papermaking belt  100  comprising deflection member  10  held between the embryonic web and the belt  121  can travel past optional dryers/vacuum devices  148   b  and about rolls  119   a ,  119   b ,  119   k ,  119   c ,  119   d ,  119   e , and  119   f  in the direction schematically indicated by the directional arrow “B”. 
     A portion of fibers  501  can be deflected into deflection member  10  such as to cause some of the deflected fibers to be disposed within the deflection conduits  16  of the deflection member. Depending on the process, mechanical and fluid pressure differential, alone or in combination, can be utilized to deflect a portion of fibers  501  into deflection conduits  16  of deflection member  10 . For example, in a through-air drying process a vacuum apparatus  148   c  can apply a fluid pressure differential to the embryonic web disposed on deflection member  10 , thereby deflecting fibers into the deflection conduits of the deflection member. The process of deflection may be continued with additional vacuum pressure, if necessary, to even further deflect the fibers into the deflection conduits of deflection member  10 . 
     Finally, a partly-formed fibrous structure associated with deflection member  10  can be separated from the deflection member at roll  119   k  at the transfer to a Yankee dryer  128 . By doing so, deflection member  10 , having the fibers thereon, is pressed against a pressing surface, such as, for example, a surface of a Yankee drying drum  128 . After being creped off the Yankee dryer, a fibrous structure  500  results and can be further processed or converted as desired. 
     The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm.” 
     Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any form disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such form. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern. 
     While particular forms of the present disclosure have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this disclosure.