Patent Publication Number: US-2023145978-A1

Title: Charging apparatus, discharging apparatus, and vehicle

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     Priority is claimed on Chinese Patent Application No. 202111306329.7, filed Nov. 5, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a technical field of vehicle charging and discharging for a vehicle, and more particularly to a charging apparatus, a discharging apparatus, and a vehicle. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     With the improvement of people&#39;s living standards, automobiles have become a daily means of transportation for most households. At the same time, problems such as energy destruction and pollution have arisen, especially the air pollution and resource shortages have become major issues. In order to reduce the problems of the air pollution and the resource shortage due to the automobiles, new energy vehicles mainly using the electric energy gradually become the focus of development. 
     For example, taking the electric vehicle as an example, it is necessary to charge the electric vehicle in order to ensure sufficient electrical energy during the use of the electric vehicle. Generally, a charging structure is installed in the electric vehicle, and a charging cover plate is installed outside the charging structure to shield and seal it. During the process of charging, it is possible to perform the charging operation by turning over the charging cover plate and inserting a charging plug into a charging terminal of the charging structure. Since the charging cover plate is generally designed to have a flat plate structure, in the process of turning over the charging cover plate, the area crossed by the flat charging cover plate (especially in the vertical direction) becomes larger such that the necessary space around the charging structure is increased. 
     SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     Currently, many companies have researched and developed the structure of charging apparatus and discharging apparatus in order to improve comfort and overall appearance when performing the charging of the vehicles. Among such research, in Chinese Utility Model (Registered) Publication No. 207538615, a push-type secondary opening mechanism in the cover plate of the charging port of a fully electric vehicle is described. The secondary opening mechanism has a charging-port-cover-plate attachment mechanism and a secondary opening mechanism. The charging-port-cover-plate attachment mechanism is located in a hollow cavity of the front bumper body and has a charging-port-cover-plate upper cover plate, a charging-port-cover-plat base and a four-bar linkage mechanism. The charging-port-cover-plate upper cover plate is movably coupled to the charging-port-cover-plat base via the four-bar linkage. The secondary opening mechanism has a first locking mechanism and a second locking mechanism. The first locking longitudinal slider and the first locking latch are located inside the charging-port-cover-plate upper cover plate, and an opening handle is located on the outer wall of the charging-port-cover-plate upper cover plate. The second locking latch and the second-locking-latch position limiting block are compounded for the position limiting. As disclosed in Chinese Utility Model (Registered) Publication No. 207538615, since the charging fixing bracket does not have a space for accommodating the cover plate, when the cover plate is turned over, the cover plate rotates to the front side of the vehicle, that is, the cover plate is retained outside. Therefore, the cover plate is easily damaged by being collided with an external structure, and if the cover plate is left on the front side of the vehicle body, the regularity and aesthetic appearance of the vehicle as a whole will be affected. 
     In Japanese Patent (Granted) Publication No. 3795225, another mounting method for a charging port cover is disclosed. A radiator grille of an electric vehicle is formed with a charging port into which an external charging plug can be inserted, and the charging port is attached with an openable and closable cover. The cover body is mainly composed of a cover portion, and a trapezoidal structure of the cover portion has a shape similar to a rectangular shape of the charging port. Also, on both sides of the cover portion, a cover support portion extend downwardly and form an angle of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the cover. Cover support brackets that are substantially parallel to the cover support portions are attached to the rear side of the radiator grille so as to be positioned outside the respective cover support portions. A rotation central axis of each cover support portions extends outwardly in the left-right direction from an intermediate portion in the front-rear direction, and each cover support portion is rotatably supported by the corresponding cover support bracket via the rotation central axis. By rotating the cover body rearward about the rotation central axis, most of the cover rotates from a state of being hidden in the radiator grille to protrude outward. The shape of the cover in the longitudinal section is linear, that is, the cover is designed in a flat plate shape and the cover traverses a large area during the rotation process such that the charging port is adjusted to be wide open. According to this configuration, since the cover described in Japanese Patent (Granted) Publication No. 3795225 has a large rotation angle and uses a large space, it is necessary to secure a relatively large space at the front of the vehicle for the cover to rotate. However, such a rotation design for the cover is not suitable for a vehicle type with a compact front body structure and a relatively small space. 
     Solution to Problem 
     A first aspect of the present disclosure is a charging apparatus or discharging apparatus including a base; a fixing base that is fixed and provided on the base; and a cover plate, wherein the fixing base includes an end plate; a connection member that is formed by extending from the end plate to the base and connected with the base; an opening that is provided on the end plate and configured to perform charging and discharging; and an accommodation space that is formed by the connection member being recessed or formed by being surrounded by the connection member and the base, the cover plate is formed in an arch-shaped structure or a bending surface structure and includes an accommodation state in which the end plate is exposed and a covering state in which the end plate is covered, and when the cover plate is in the accommodation state, an end of the cover state which is close to the base is provided to be directed to the accommodation space. 
     According to the above-described aspect, the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus according to the present aspect is configured to use the base to arrange the fixing base and provide the openings on the end plate of the fixing base to realize the charging and discharging operations. In the end plate, the connection member formed to extend toward the base in the end plate is configured to form the accommodation space by being recessed, or the accommodation space is formed by being surrounded by the connection member and the base. At the time of performing the charging operation or the discharging operation, the cover plate is turned over so as to be positioned in the accommodation space or in the upper portion of the accommodation space. The cover plate is formed in the arch-shaped structure or the bending surface structure such that when the cover plate is turned over, compared with the flat-shaped cover, the rotation angle becomes smaller and the occupied space during the rotation relatively becomes smaller. At the same time, when the cover plate is in the accommodation state, the cover plate formed in the arch-shaped structure or the bending surface structure does not protrude to the outside and the regularity for accommodating the cover plate is effectively improved such that it is possible to improve the aesthetics degree at the time of performing the charging and the discharging. The accommodation space is formed by the connection member being recessed or being surrounded by the connection member and the base such that it is possible to achieve the evacuation effect, effectively improve the space utilization ratio, and further save space. Such structure is suitable for the vehicle type in which the structure in the front side of the vehicle body is compact and the space is relatively small. 
     In an example, when the cover plate is in the accommodation state, the end of the cover state which is close to the base is positioned in the accommodation space. 
     According to the configuration, the cover plate can enter the accommodation space such that the space utilization ratio becomes higher. 
     In an example, the connection member includes a first surface having an arch surface, and the arch shape of the first surface matches with a shape of the cover plate. 
     According to the configuration, the first surface is formed as the arch-shaped surface, and the shape of the first surface matches with the shape of the cover plate. Accordingly, when the cover plate is in the accommodation space, a gap between the cover plate and the first surface becomes smaller and the space utilization ratio becomes higher. 
     In an example, a number of the openings is at least two. 
     According to the configuration, by providing at least two openings, it is possible to improve the comfort level of the user. The user can choose which opening to fit their needs and insert the charging plug or the discharging apparatus. 
     In an example, a number of the fixing base is equal to the number of the openings, and an evacuation space is formed between the adjacent fixing bases. 
     According to the configuration, it is possible to improve the installation convenience by providing the evacuation space between each adjacent fixing bases and providing a space for mounting other members. 
     In an example, the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus further includes at least two charging terminals provided in the corresponding openings; and at least two charging cable bundles which has one end passing through the evacuation space to electrically connect with the corresponding charging terminal and another end connecting with a power source, or the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus further includes at least two discharging terminals provided in the corresponding openings; and at least two discharging cable bundles which has one end passing through the evacuation space to electrically connect with the corresponding discharging terminal and another end connecting with the power source. 
     According to the configuration, each charging terminal is disposed in the corresponding opening. One end of each charging cable bundle is connected to the power source and the other end of each charging cable bundle passes through the evacuation space and electrically connected to the corresponding charging terminal. Alternatively, each discharging terminal is disposed in the corresponding opening. One end of each discharging cable bundle is connected to the power source and the other end of each discharging cable bundle passes through the evacuation space and electrically connected to the corresponding discharging terminal. The charging cable bundle or the discharging cable bundle can be arranged by passing through the evacuation space so as to effectively improve the regularity of wiring between the two charging terminals or discharging terminals and make the installation to be convenient. 
     In an example, the end plate is provided at an end separating from the base in the fixing base. 
     According to the configuration, the end plate is arranged at the end separating from the base in the fixing base, that is, the end plate is arranged to be away from the base. The end plate is arranged to be outside such that it is convenient for the user to insert the charging plug or the discharging apparatus into the opening and the convenience of the operations is effectively improved. 
     In an example, the end plate includes an end surface for charging or discharging, and the end surface is inclined to the base side from a lower side toward an upper side. 
     According to the configuration, the end surface is arranged to be inclined to the base side from the lower side toward the upper side. That is, the opening is arranged in a direction in which an elevation angle is inclined upward such that the user can more easily carry out the charging or discharging operation in accordance with the opening on the end face and improve the convenience of operation. At the same time, the end surface is arranged to be inclined upward, at the time of charging or discharging, the insertion direction of the charging plug or discharging apparatus faces the end face, and the end face and the fixing base can effectively disperse the force and weight due to the insertion of the charging plug or discharging apparatus such that the load-bearing capacity and the structural strength can be improved. 
     In an example, the base includes a mounting surface for mounting the end plate, and the mounting surface is formed as a bending surface. 
     According to the configuration, the mounting surface of the base is formed as the bending surface. Due to such a bending surface, the effect of the force due to the end plate is dispersed to improve the structural strength and supporting weight of the base. 
     In an example, the mounting surface includes an upper portion formed to extend toward the upper side; a middle portion provided to be inclined and including an upper end connected to a bottom side of the upper portion; and a lower portion formed to extend toward the lower side and including an upper end connected to a bottom side of the middle portion. 
     According to the configuration, the mounting surface uses the upper portion, the middle portion, and the lower portion to disperse the effect of the force due to the end plate so as to improve the structural strength and supporting weight of the base. 
     In an example, the connection member is provided in a top portion of the end plate, and the first surface is formed toward the top portion. 
     According to the configuration, the connection member is arranged on the top portion of the end plate, and when the cover plate is turned over, the cover plate is accommodated by being turned over toward the top portion of the end plate. 
     In an example, the fixing base further includes a first reinforcing member that is connected with the base and a side portion of the end plate. 
     According to the configuration, the first reinforcing member is connected to the side portion of the end plate to reinforce the connection at the side portion side of the end plate so as to effectively improve the structural strength of the end plate. 
     In an example, the fixing base further includes a second reinforcing member that is connected with the base and a bottom portion of the end plate. 
     According to the configuration, the second reinforcing member is connected to the bottom portion of the end plate to reinforce the connection at the bottom portion side of the end plate so as to effectively improve the structural strength of the end plate. 
     In an example, the first reinforcing member and the second reinforcing member have a plate-shaped structure. 
     According to the configuration, the connection member, the first reinforcing member, and the second reinforcing member are all formed in a plate-shaped structure, and compared with the structure such as a link or the like, the reinforcing member formed in the plate-shape structure can further improve the connection strength. 
     In an example, the connection member includes a first bending portion for connecting the base, the first bending portion being toward a surface on one side of the base and attaching to the surface of the base, and/or the first reinforcing member includes a second bending portion for connecting the base, the second bending portion being toward a surface on one side of the base and attaching to the surface of the base, and/or the second reinforcing member includes a third bending portion for connecting the base, the third bending portion being toward a surface on one side of the base and attaching to the surface of the base. 
     According to the configuration of providing the bending portion, at the time of connecting the connection member, the first reinforcing member, and the second reinforcing member to the base, it is possible to attach the bending portion to the surface of the base so as to effectively improve the connection strength of the connection member, the first reinforcing member, and the second reinforcing member. 
     In an example, the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus further includes a locking device connected with the cover plate and configured to lock and rotate the cover plate. 
     According to the configuration, it is easy to perform the charging operation by using the locking device to lock the cover plate. 
     According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle includes a vehicle body; and the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus, wherein the base of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus is provided in the vehicle body. 
     According to the vehicle disclosed in the above-described aspect, due to the above-described charging apparatus or discharging apparatus, it is possible to realize the charging operation or the discharging operation. If the vehicle is a fuel cell vehicle, the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus has the discharging function. The charging apparatus or discharging apparatus described above can effectively improve the overall regularity and aesthetics during charging of the vehicle by accommodating the cover plate during charging or discharging. Also, since less space is required to accommodate the cover plate, the configuration is suitable for the vehicle type whose structure in the front portion of the vehicle body thereof is compact and having relatively small space therein. 
     In an example, the vehicle body includes a front cross member and a front bumper, and in the base, an upper portion at a side being away from the fixing base is connected with a front side of the front cross member, and a lower portion at the side being away from the fixing base is connected with a front side of the front bumper. 
     According to the configuration, it is possible to secure the connection strengthen of the base by connecting the base to each of the front cross member and the front bumper. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a view showing an attachment state of a charging apparatus or discharging apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    is a view showing a structure of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    is a view showing the structure of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus from another angle provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  4    is a side view showing a side view of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    is a side view showing a state in which a cover plate of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is accommodated. 
         FIG.  6    is a view showing a mounting structure of the base and the fixing base provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     In order to make the technical problem, the solutions and the effects of the present application more clear, hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the figures. Hereinafter, the following embodiments are only used to describe the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Also, the configurations described in the figures are only specific examples of the present application and a person with ordinary skill in the art can achieve other figures based on the enclosed figures of the present application. 
     In the following description, it is noted that the terms “upper”, “lower”, “front”, and “rear” should be understood with reference to the vehicle. For example, the term “upper” refers to the direction toward the roof portion of the vehicle, the term “lower” refers to the direction toward the bottom portion of the vehicle, the term “front” refers to the direction toward the vehicle head, and the term “rear” refers to the direction toward the vehicle tail. Such terms are only used to easily describe the directions and positional relationships based on the enclosed figures. Such terms are not used to indicate or implicit the apparatus and the element thereof have the particular directions and positions, to be configured and operated in the particular directions and at the specific positions, such that the present disclosure is not limited by these terms. For a person with ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms may be suitably understood according to the actual situation. 
     The terms “first”, “second”, and “third” are only used for making the description easy to understand, and they are not used to indicate or implicit the importance of the configurations or implicit the amount of the technical features. Unless otherwise defined, the term “a plurality of” means that an amount equal to two or more than two. 
     In the following description, unless otherwise defined, the terms “attach”, “communicate”, “connect” or the like should be broadly understood. For example, according to such terms, it is possible to perform a fixedly connection, or a detachably connection, or an integrally connection. Also, a mechanical connection may be performed while an electrical connection may be performed. Furthermore, a direct connection, an indirect connection via an intermediate media, or a connection connecting the inside of two elements may be performed. For a person with ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms may be suitably understood according to the actual situation. 
     During the usage of an electric vehicle, it is necessary to charge the electric vehicle in order to ensure power sufficiency. An electric vehicle is generally provided with a charging structure, and may be provided with a charging cover plate for shielding or sealing an opening outside the charging structure. During charging, the charging operation can be performed by turning over the charging cover plate and inserting the charging plug into the charging terminal of the charging structure. The method of turning over the charging cover plate can be roughly divided into two methods. One method is to remove the charging cover plate and place it outside the vehicle body, but this affects the overall regularity and aesthetics, and the external charging cover plate can easily be collided with an external object. Another method is to insert the charging cover plate into the vehicle body while turning over the charging cover plate. However, according to this method, since the rotation angle when turning over the charging cover plate is relatively large, it is necessary to secure a large space for turning over the charging cover plate in the front portion of the vehicle. In addition, since the charging cover plate is inserted into the vehicle body, it is necessary to secure a large space for inserting the charging cover plate also inside the vehicle body. Therefore, such a structure is not suitable for a vehicle having a compact structure in the front portion of the vehicle body and having a relatively small space. 
     An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a charging apparatus or discharging apparatus and a vehicle. A cover plate of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus adopts the cover plate with an arch-shaped structure or a bending surface structure, and the space required for rotation is relatively small compared to the cover with a flat plate structure. An accommodation space having an evacuation function is formed in the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus. By rotating the cover plate and accommodating the cover plate in the evacuation space, the overall appearance during the charging becomes tidier, and the aesthetics thereof is improved. In addition, since the space utilization ratio is high, the configuration is suitable for the vehicle whose structure in the front portion of the vehicle body is compact and having relatively small space. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  5   , according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure, a charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  including a base  10 , a fixing base  20  and a cover plate  30  is provided. The fixing base  20  is mounted on the base  10 . The fixing base  20  has an end plate  21  and a connecting member  22  formed to extend from the end plate  21  toward the base  10  and connected to the base  10 . An opening  211  for charging or discharging is provided on the end plate  21 . A user performs the charging operation by inserting a charging plug into the opening  211  toward the end plate  21 . Alternatively, the user performs the discharging function by connecting a discharging apparatus to the opening  211 . The connecting member  22  forms the accommodation space  221  by being recessed, or the accommodation space  221  is formed by being surrounded by the connecting member  22  and the base  10 . The cover plate  30  is formed in an arch-shaped or a bending surface type structure. Specifically, the cover plate  30  may be formed in a structure in which the cross section in the rotation direction is arch-shaped, or in a structure in which the cross section in the rotation direction is a bending surface. In this embodiment, the cover plate  30  is formed with the bending surface type structure. In other embodiments, the cover plate  30  is not limited to this structure and may be formed into the arch-shaped structure. The cover plate  30  has an accommodation state in which the end plate  21  is opened and a shielding state in which the end plate  21  is covered. When the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, one end of the cover plate  30  close to the base  10  is disposed facing the accommodation space  221 . The cover plate  30  with the arch-shaped or bending surface structure results to a smaller crossing space when being turned over compared to the flat plate structure such that there is not necessary to prepare a large space in the front portion of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  for turning over the cover plate  30 . 
     In order to form the accommodation space  221 , a part of the connecting member  22  may be recessed to form the accommodation space  221  with the evacuation function. Alternatively, after the connecting member  22  and the base  10  are connected, the accommodation space  221  with the evacuation function may be formed by being surrounded by the connecting member  22  and the base  10 . The specific method of forming the accommodation space  221  may be determined according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, an example in which the accommodation space  221  is formed by partially recessing the connecting member  22  will be described. 
     In order to accommodate the cover plate  30 , the connecting member  22  is gradually recessed inward along the direction extending toward the base  10  to form the accommodation space  221 . The accommodation space  221  has a function of evacuating the cover plate  30 , and the formation of the accommodation space  221  does not affect the use of other spaces. The connecting member  22  may be formed by extending the top portion, side portion, or bottom portion of the end plate  21 . That is, the accommodation space  221  may be formed at any position such as the top portion, side portion, or bottom portion of the fixing base  20 . The specific position of the accommodation space  221  is not limited as long as it satisfies the evacuation function. The recessed shape of the connecting member  22  matches the shape of the cover plate  30 . When the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, the surface of the cover plate  30  and the connecting member  22  are attached to each other with a higher degree, and the gap therebetween becomes smaller such that dust, rainwater or the like can be effectively prevented from passing through the gap to enter into the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100 . Even if the dust, rainwater or the like enter the gap, the recessed portion of the connecting member  22  can accommodate the dust, rainwater and the like such that they do not enter the inside of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  from the connecting member  22 . It is possible to prevent the dust, rainwater and the like from damaging the functions of electronic components mounted inside the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100 . Here, an edge portion of the end plate  21  may be extended to the left and right sides of the outside to form an extension plate  213  to improve the overall strength of the end plate  21 . 
     When the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is used, the end plate  21  is opened by rotating the cover plate  30  toward the inside of the accommodation space  221 . In an example in which the cover plate  30  is rotated vertically, the cover plate  30  is formed in the arch-shaped structure or the bending surface structure, and the space that the cover plate  30  crosses in the front portion of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is relatively small such that less space is required to be reserved in the height direction at the front portion thereof. At the same time, when the cover plate  30  is rotated, the rear portion synchronously crosses over such that the accommodation space  221  formed by the recessed portion of the connecting member  22  is configured to realize the evacuation function with respect to the rotation operation of the cover plate  30  and allow the cover plate  30  to rotate smoothly. Therefore, it is possible to prevent any possible damage since the cover plate  30  is placed outside. 
     In the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the base  10  is used to install the fixing base  20 . An opening  211  is formed on the end plate  21  of the fixing base  20 , and the opening  211  is used to realize the charging or discharging operation. The end plate  21  forms the accommodation space  221  by recessing the connecting member  22  extending toward the base  10 , or the end plate  21  forms the accommodation space  221  being surrounded by the connecting member  22  and the base  10 . The cover plate  30  can be rotated to face the accommodation space  221  when performing the charging operation or discharging operation. Since the cover plate  30  has an arch-shaped structure or a bending surface structure, when the cover plate  30  rotates, the rotation angle is smaller and the space occupied during rotation is smaller when compared with a flat-plate-shaped cover. At the same time, when the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, it does not protrude outward such that the regularity of the accommodation of the cover plate  30  during charging or discharging is effectively improved, thereby improving the aesthetic appearance during charging or discharging. Since the accommodation space  221  is formed by the connecting member  22  or formed by being surrounded by the connecting member  22  and the base  10 , the accommodation space  221  has the evacuation effect and effectively improves the space utilization ration such that it is possible to further save space. Such a structure is suitable for the vehicle type whose structure in the front portion of the vehicle body is compact and has a relatively small space. 
     As shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5   , the space formed between the straight line L and the fixing base  20  is the accommodation space  221 . When the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, one end of the cover plate  30  close to the base  10  (hereinafter referred to as the tip end  33 ) can be positioned within the accommodation space  221 . That is, the tip end  33  may be below the line L (as shown in FIG.  5 ). Alternatively, the tip end  33  may be directed toward the accommodation space  221 . That is, the tip end  33  may be on the same plane with the straight line L, or on the straight line L, and the distal end  33  may approach the straight line L infinitely. As shown in  FIG.  5   , when the tip end  33  is below the straight line L, the tip end  33  is positioned within the accommodation space  221  and at least a portion of the cover plate  30  is accommodated within the accommodation space  221 . For this reason, the space utilization ratio can be effectively improved and the space can be further saved such that it is suitable for the vehicle type whose structure of the front portion of the vehicle body is compact, and has relatively smaller space. In the present embodiment, when the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, since the one end (that is, the tip end  33 ) of the cover plate  30  close to the base  10  is located in the accommodation space  221  and the tip end  33  is below the straight line L, it is possible to reduce the overall volume of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  in the accommodation state. In other embodiments, the tip end  33  may approach line L infinitely and be directed toward accommodation space  221 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  3   , in one embodiment, the connecting member  22  has a first surface  222  formed in an arch shape, and the arch shape of first surface  222  conforming to the shape of cover plate  30 . When the cover plate  30  is accommodated in the accommodation space  221 , the gap between the cover plate  30  and the first surface  222  becomes smaller, such the space utilization ratio becomes higher. Specifically, as shown in  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  5   , the cover plate  30  having the bending surface shape is composed of a first plate member  31  and a second plate member  32  that is inclined with respect to the first plate member  31 . A portion of the first plate member  31  is inserted into the recessed portion of the connecting member  22 , and at this time, the portion of the cover plate  30  is positioned within the accommodation space  221 , and the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state. The second plate member  32  has a first side surface facing the first surface  222  and a second side surface  321  opposite to the first surface  222  in the accommodation state. When the cover plate  30  is in the accommodation state, the first side is parallel or substantially parallel to the first surface  222 , and the gap between the first side and the first surface  222  is relatively small, about 5 mm, such that the cover plate  30  is attached to the fixing base  20 , and the space utilization ratio is effectively improved. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, a number of the openings  211  is at least two. By providing the two openings  211 , it is possible to improve the user&#39;s comfort. The user can select either of the openings  211  to insert the charging plug and use as necessity. For example, by setting the two openings  211  as a fast charging port and a slow charging port respectively, an appropriate interface can be selected and used during the charging. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the number of the fixing bases  20  and the number of the openings  211  are the same. In the present embodiment, the number of the fixing bases  20  is set to two, and the user can use either of the fixing bases  20  as necessity. An evacuation space  202  is formed between each adjacent fixing bases  20 . Taking the configuration of the two openings  211  as an example, the two openings  211  are opened on the corresponding end plates  21  of the two fixing bases  20  respectively. Here, the two fixing bases  20  are arranged side by side with a certain distance therebetween and positioned at the same height, such that it is possible to form the evacuation space  202  that is cut out between the two fixing bases  20  on which the two end plates  21  are located. The evacuation space  202  can be used to arrange various components (such as vehicle brand mark, radar, and the like), the charging cable bundle  40 , and the like. In addition, the evacuation space  202  is used to perform assembly and wiring for the inside of the fixing base  20 . The space utilization ratio inside the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is high and the degree of structure coherence is improved such that it is suitable for the vehicle type whose structure in the front portion of the vehicle body is compact and has relatively small space. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  6   , in the present embodiment, when the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is a charging apparatus, the apparatus at least includes two charging cable bundles  40  and at least two charging terminals  50 . Each charging terminal  50  is provided in a corresponding opening  211  such that the charging plug can be inserted into the opening  211  for charging. Taking the configuration of providing the two openings  211  as an example, the two openings  211  are correspondingly opened on the end plates  21  of the two fixing bases  20 . The number of charging terminals  50  is also two. Here, the two charging terminals  50  can be used as a fast charging terminal and a slow charging terminal, respectively. Each charging cable bundle  40  is electrically connected to the corresponding charging terminal  50  through the evacuation space  202 . Here, the number of the charging cable bundles  40  and the number of the charging terminals  50  are the same, and the number of charging cable bundles  40  is two. After the two charging cable bundles  40  are combined into one set, the other end of the charging cable bundle  40  is connected to the power source. Although the combination of the charging cable bundles  40  requires a relatively large space, the evacuation space  202  can provide the necessary space for combining the charging cable bundles  40 , thereby making the overall assembly to be easy. In addition, according to the evacuation space  202 , the distance between the two charging cable bundles  40  for connecting the two charging terminals  50  can meet the safety insulation distance requirements of the wires. After the two charging cable bundles  40  are connected to the corresponding charging terminals  50  respectively, the two charging cable bundles  40  are summarized into one set of charging cable bundle  40  in the evacuation space  202  by a set of charging cable bundle fixing members  41 . Accordingly, the number of charging cable bundle fixing members  41  can be effectively reduced, the cost for fixing the charging cable bundle  40  can be reduced, and the spreading of the charging cable bundle  40  can be prevented from affecting other members. After one end of each of the two charging cable bundles  40  is connected to the corresponding charging terminal  50 , the set of charging cable bundles  40  are combined in the intermediate evacuation space  202  between the two fixing bases  20  to form the set of charging cable bundles  40 , and the set of charging cable bundles  40  is wired from behind the base  10  and connected to the power source. 
     In other embodiments, when the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is a discharging apparatus, the apparatus may have at least two discharging terminals and at least two discharging cable bundles. Each discharging terminal is provided in the corresponding opening  211 . One end of each discharging cable bundle is electrically connected to the corresponding discharging terminal through the evacuation space  202 , and the other end of each discharging cable bundle is used to connect to the power source. Except for the fact that the functions of the terminals and cable bundles are different, the wiring direction and connection method of the cable bundles are all the same as in the present embodiment, thus the description thereof will be omitted. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  2   , in one embodiment, the end plate  21  is provided at one end of the fixing base  20  away from the base  10 . That is, the end plate  21  is arranged apart from the base  10 . By arranging the end plate  21  facing outward, the user can easily perform the charging or discharging operation. By inserting the charging plug into the outwardly projecting opening  211  when the user needs to perform the charging operation, and inserting the discharging apparatus into the outwardly projecting opening  211  when the user needs to perform the discharging operation, it is possible to effectively improve the convenience of operation. When the fixing base  20  has a bracket structure, the end plate  21  is provided on one end side away from the base  10  in the bracket structure, that is, the end plate  21  is provided on the side close to the cover plate  30  in the bracket structure. It is easy for the user to insert the charging plug or the discharging apparatus into the opening  211  of the end plate  21  during charging or discharging, which makes the operation simple. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, endplate  21  has an end surface  212 . The end surface  212  can receive the charging plug or the discharging apparatus. The end surface  212  is inclined in the direction of the gravity and at an upward elevation angle. The end surface  212  is inclined from the lower side toward the upper side to approach the base  10  side, that is, the direction of the opening  211  is inclined at the upward elevation angle such that the user can more easily tilt the charging plug or the discharging apparatus downward to insert the charging plug or the discharging apparatus into the opening  211  and the convenience of operation is improved. At the same time, by forming the end surface  212  with the upward inclination, the insertion direction of the charging plug or discharging device is straight to the end surface  212  such that the end surface  212  can effectively disperse the force and weight caused by the insertion of the charging plug or discharging device and improve load-bearing capacity and structural strength. Specifically, the entire fixing base  20  can be installed with an inclination. By installing the fixing base  20  as a whole with the upward elevation angle, the charging terminal  50  and the discharging terminal installed in the fixing base  20  are similarly inclined with the upward elevation angle. By inserting the charging plug or the discharging apparatus into the opening  211 , the user can tilt the charging plug or the discharging apparatus into the charging terminal  50  or the discharging terminal to achieve the purpose of charging or discharging. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the base  10  has a mounting surface  101  for mounting the end plate  21  thereon. The mounting surface  101  is a bending surface. By supporting the fixing base  20  on the bending surface and by dispersing the force caused by the insertion of the charging plug by the end plate  21 , the structural strength and supporting weight of the base  10  can be improved. It should be understood that the fixing base  20  has at least a mounting structure for mounting the end plate  21  on the mounting surface  101 . The mounting structure is coupled to the end plate  21  and the mounting surface  101  respectively to achieve the purpose of mounting the end plate  21  to the mounting surface  101 . The mounting structure is connected on the mounting surface  101 , and the mounting surface  101  is a bending surface. By connecting the mounting structure to different bending portions of the bending surface, the force applied on the bending surface by the mounting structure acts in different directions, and the force applied to the end plate  21  by the bending surface is dispersed. Here, the mounting structure may be a structure such as a reinforcing plate or the like between the end plate  21  and the mounting surface  101 . Specifically, the vertical cross-section of the bending surface may have various linear shapes such as a wavy line shape, a polygonal line shape, and an arch shape or the like. In the present embodiment, the vertical cross-section of the bending surface has a polygonal line shape, and the bending surface has two bending portions as a first bending portion  11  and a second bending portion  12 . The first bending portion  11  is bent toward the end plate  21  and the second bending portion  12  is bent to be opposite to the end plate  21 . The bending direction of the first bending portion  11  and the bending direction of the second bending portion  12  are opposite to each other. At the same time, the mounting surface  101  has an upper portion  13 , a middle portion  14  and a lower portion  15  arranged in order from top to bottom. The upper portion  13  and the middle portion  14  are connected at the second bending portion  12 , and the middle portion  14  and the lower portion  15  are connected at the first bending portion  11 . The upper portion  13  extends upward, the lower portion  15  extends downward, and the middle portion  14  is arranged to be inclined from the bottom to the top in a direction away from the end plate  21 . The end plate  21  is placed against the first bending portion  11  and the mounting structure is connected on the middle portion  14  and the lower portion  15  of the mounting surface  101 , the first bending portion  11  and the second bending portion  12 . According to this configuration, when the force endured by the end plate  21  is transmitted to the base  10  through the mounting structure, both the first bending portion  11  and the second bending portion  12  disperse the force in different directions such that the force from the end plate  21  can be dispersed by the bending surface. The specific structure is referred to  FIG.  3    to  FIG.  5   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in other embodiments, the fixing base  20  may have an assistance reinforcing member connected to the base  10  and the end plate  21 , respectively. The connecting member  22  is installed on the assistance reinforcing member. By connecting the end plate  21  to the base  10  using the assistance reinforcing member, the end plate  21  can be fixed and mounted thereto. Here, in the present embodiment, there is no assistance reinforcing member being provided between the connecting member  22  and the base  10 . 
     The connecting member  22  may have a plate-shaped structure. The connecting member  22  has one end connected to the end plate  21  and the other end connected to the base  10  to achieve the purpose of attaching the end plate  21  to the base  10 . Alternatively, the connecting member  22  may be a reinforcing structure configured by combining reinforcing rods having a plurality of rod-shaped structures. The plurality of reinforcing rods may be placed in parallel, or the plurality of reinforcing rods may be placed across to form the reinforcing structure. One end of each reinforcing rod is connected to the end plate  21 , and the other end of each reinforcing rod is connected to the base  10  so as to similarly realize the purpose of attaching the end plate  21  to the base  10 . The specific structure of the connecting member  22  can be configured in accordance with the requirement as long as the accommodation space  221  for accommodating the cover plate  30  can be formed by recessing the connecting member  22 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the connecting member  22  is disposed on the top portion of end plate  21 , with the first surface  222  is arranged to face the top portion. In this embodiment, the connecting member  22  is disposed on the top portion of the end plate  21 , that is, the accommodation space  221  is formed on the top portion of the end plate  21 . When the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  according to this embodiment is used on a vehicle, the cover plate  30  is turned upward to open the end plate  21 . This configuration improves the fashion sense of the vehicle and enhances the comfort at the time of the usage by the user. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the fixing base  20  further comprises a first reinforcing member  23 . The first reinforcing member  23  is connected to the side portion of the end plate  21  and connected to the base  10 . The fixing base  20  further has a second reinforcing member  24  connected to the bottom portion of the end plate  21 , and the second reinforcing member  24  is connected to the base  10 . By using the first reinforcing member  23  and the second reinforcing member  24  together with the connecting member  22 , the end plate  21  is simultaneously reinforced and supported to improve the structural strength of the end plate  21 . At the same time, the connecting member  22  is connected to the top portion of the end plate  21 , the first reinforcing member  23  is connected to the side portion of the end plate  21 , and the second reinforcing member  24  is connected to the bottom portion of the end plate  21 , such that the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  are connected to different positions of the end plate  21  respectively to support the end plate  21 . This further improves the structural strength of the end plate  21 . It can be understood that the simultaneous use of the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  in the fixing base  20  described above is to further improve the structural strength of the end plate  21 . During actual use, only the connection member  22  may be used to attach the end plate  21  to the base  10  and form the accommodation space  221  to accommodate the cover plate  30 . Alternatively, the connecting member  22  and either one of first reinforcing member  23  or second reinforcing member  24  may be used. Alternatively, the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , the second reinforcing member  24 , and more reinforcing members may be used. In this embodiment, as an example, the specific manner of using the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  is for the purpose of describing a preferred embodiment. In the actual use process, the number of the reinforcing members used is not particularly limited, and can be selected according to actual demand. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  all have plate-shaped structures. Here, the specific structures of the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  may be set to the same structure or different structures. In this embodiment, the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23  and the second  24  are preferably formed in the same plate-shaped structure. If the same type of plate member is mass-produced, the mounting demand can be met so as to make the production to be easier. Compared to the connection structure such as the connecting rod, if all of the connection member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  are set to the plate-shaped structure, the plate-shaped structure can further increase the connection strength. Specifically, ribs may be provided or grooves may be formed on the connecting member  22 , and each rib and groove may be arranged to extend in a direction from the end plate side toward the base side. By providing the ribs or forming the grooves on the connecting member  22 , the structural strength can be improved. A protrusion projecting outward may be provided on the first reinforcing member  23 . In order to improve the structural strength of the first reinforcing member  23 , the protrusions may be arch-shaped protrusion structures, ribs, bumps, or the like. 
     It should be understood that the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23  and the second reinforcing member  24  may be formed in a structure that combines a plurality of connecting rods. By using the connecting rod that is connected to the base  10  and the end plate  21 , it is also possible to improve the connection strength. Moreover, the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  only has to be provided between the base  10  and the end plate  21 , the specific structure is not particularly limited, and may be formed in other structures such as a block structure or a columnar structure and the like. 
     Referring to  FIG.  2    to  FIG.  6   , in one embodiment, the connecting member  22  has a first bending portion  223  for connecting the base  10 , the first bending portion  223  faces a surface at one side of the base  10  and is attached to the surface of the base  10 , and/or the first reinforcing member  23  has a second bending portion  231  for connecting the base  10 , and the second bending portion  231  faces the surface at one side of the base  10  and is attached to the surface of the base  10 , and/or the second reinforcing member  24  has a third bending portion  241  for connecting the base  10 , and the third bending portion  241  faces the surface at one side of the base  10  and is attached to the surface of the base  10 . By attaching the first bending portion  223  to the surface of the base  10 , the connecting member  22  and the base  10  are attached and connected, and the connection strength between the connecting member  22  and the base  10  is effectively improved. By attaching the second bending portion  231  to the surface of the base  10 , the first reinforcing member  23  and the base  10  are attached and connected, and the connection strength between the first reinforcing member  23  and the base  10  is effectively improved. By attaching the third bending portion  241  to the surface of the base  10 , the second reinforcing member  24  and the base  10  are attached and connected, and the connection strength between the second reinforcing member  24  and the base  10  is effectively improved. The connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  can each independently provide the bending portion. In the present embodiment, by forming the first bending portion  223 , the second bending portion  231 , and the third bending portion  241  in the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24 , respectively, the connection strength between the base  10  with the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  respectively can be improved. 
     In one embodiment, the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  further comprises a locking device. The locking device is provided for connecting to the cover plate  30  and for locking and rotating the cover plate  30 . By locking the cover plate  30  using the locking device, the charging operation can be conveniently performed. Here, the locking mechanism may be either a mechanical locking mechanism or an electromagnetic locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism locks the vehicle automatically when the vehicle is locked and when the vehicle is driven. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  5   , a second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a vehicle. The vehicle has a vehicle body and the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100 , and the base  10  of the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is provided in the vehicle body. The vehicle according to the present disclosure may be a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle and has charging and/or discharging functions. By providing the above-described charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  in the vehicle body, it is possible to effectively improve the overall regularity and aesthetics during charging of the vehicle. Since the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  requires less space, the configuration may be applied in the vehicle type whose structure of the front portion of the vehicle body is compact, and has a relatively small space. Here, the base  10  may be attached to other positions such as the front portion, the side body portion, and the tail portion of the vehicle body, and the specific attachment position of the base  10  is not particularly limited. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , in one embodiment, the vehicle body has a front cross member  60  and a front bumper  70  mounted on the front cross member. An upper portion of the base  10  on the side away from the fixing base  20  is connected to the front side of the front cross member  60 , and a lower portion of the base  10  on the side separated from the fixing base  20  is connected to the front bumper  70 . The base  10  is connected to each of the front cross member  60  and front bumper  70 , respectively, and has a plurality of connection points for the front cross member  60  and the front bumper  70  such that the connection strength of base  10  is secured. At the same time, by attaching the base  10  to the front cross member  60  and the front bumper  70 , the end plate  21  of the fixing base  20  faces the front part of the vehicle body, and the cover plate  30  rotates at the front part of the vehicle body so as to open the fixing base  20  or shield the fixing base  20 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    to  FIG.  6   , when the charging apparatus or discharging apparatus  100  is specifically a charging apparatus, and applied on a vehicle, the rear side of the base  10  is attached to the front cross member  60  and the front bumper  70  of the vehicle body so as to secure the connection strength of the base  10 . Two fixing bases  20  are provided in parallel on the front side of the base  10 . The fixing bases  20  include an end plate  21  having an opening  211 , a connecting member  22  connected to the outer edge of the end plate  21 , a first reinforcing member  23  and a second reinforcing member  24 . The connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  all adopt a plate-shaped structure. The connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23  and the second reinforcing member  24  are all connected to the base  10 . A first bending portion  223 , a second bending portion  231 , and a third bending portion  241  are provided in the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  respectively, and the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  are attached to the surface of the base  10  via the first bending portion  223 , the second bending portion  231  and the third bending portion  241 . The connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  are attached and connected to the base  10  such that the connection strength between the base  10  and the connecting member  22 , the first reinforcing member  23 , and the second reinforcing member  24  can be effectively improved. Here, the connecting member  22  is connected to the top portion of the end plate  21 , and the connecting member  22  is recessed to form the accommodation space  221 . The cover plate  30  is formed to have a bending surface structure, and the recessed shape of the connecting member  22  matches the shape of the cover plate  30 . When the tip end  33  of the cover plate  30  rotates into the accommodation space  221 , the degree of the surface attachment between the cover plate  30  and the connecting member  22  becomes higher and the gap therebetween becomes smaller. An evacuation space  202  is formed between the two end plates  21  by cutting out a part thereof. Two charging terminals  50  are inserted into corresponding openings  211  as a fast charging terminal and a slow charging terminal respectively. By connecting the two charging cable bundles  40  to the corresponding charging terminals  50  and summarizing the two charging cable bundles  40  in the evacuation space  202 , the two charging cable bundles  40  are connected to the corresponding charging terminals  50  and converged into the evacuation space  202  through the evacuation port  201 . Also, the two charging cable bundles  40  are arranged into a set of charging cable bundles  40  in the evacuation space  202  by using one charging cable bundle fixing member  41 . As a result, the use of the charging cable bundle fixing member  41  can be effectively reduced, the cost for fixing can be reduced, and the charging cable bundle  40  can be prevented from diverging and interfering with other members. At the same time, this set of charging cable bundles  40  is routed along the direction away from the base  10  and connected to the power source. Specifically, by tilting the entire fixing base  20 , the end surface  212  is inclined in the direction of gravity and inclined upward at an elevation angle. That is, the direction of the opening  211  is set to be inclined at the upward elevation angle. The user can more easily tilt the charging plug downward and insert it into the opening  211 , thereby improving the convenience of operation. At the same time, the end surface  212  is provided with an upward inclination, and the insertion direction of the charging plug is straight on the end surface  212 , such that the end surface  212  can disperse the force and weight caused by the insertion of the charging plug, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity and the structural strength. By forming the mounting surface  101  of the base  10  into a bending surface and supporting the fixing base  20  by the bending surface, the end plate  21  can disperse the action of the force due to the insertion of the charging plug, and the structural strength and supporting weight of the base  10  can be improved. 
     While several embodiments of the invention have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and spirit of the disclosure, as well as the scope of the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.