Patent Publication Number: US-2023144003-A1

Title: Rollable electronic device

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/KR2022/011503, designating the United States, filed on Aug. 3, 2022, in the Korean Intellectual Property Receiving Office, claiming priority from Korean Patent Application No. 10-2021-0154567, filed on Nov. 11, 2021, which are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes as if fully set forth herein. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Field 
     Certain example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a rollable electronic device. 
     Description of Related Art 
     These days, electronic devices are gradually becoming slimmer in design, and are also improving to provide increased rigidity and strengthen design aspects, as well as service differentiated functions. Thus, electronic devices are changing from a uniform rectangular shape into a variety of shapes. An electronic device may have a deformable structure capable of using a large-screen display, while being convenient to carry. For example, as an example of such a deformable structure, the electronic device may have a structure (e.g., a rollable structure or a slideable structure) capable of changing a display area on a flexible display through the support of housings operating in a sliding manner with respect to each other. A rollable electronic device (or a slideable electronic device) may be configured such that the flexible display (or rollable display) can be rolled or unfolded. A slideable electronic device may be configured such that a screen can be expanded and contracted by moving the flexible display in a sliding manner. 
     SUMMARY 
     Regarding a technical problem, when an electronic device performs a pull-in operation from its open state, a bending member attached to a flexible display is drawn into a housing by the pressure applied to the bending member, so that its display area may be reduced. In the pull-in operation, the bending member may move in a direction opposite to a direction in which its part is drawn into the housing while force is applied in both directions with respect to a bending portion of a sliding frame. In such a case, as a gap between bars is compressed in the bending member positioned above the sliding frame, a so-called birdcaging phenomenon of the display may occur, and therefore, the display may lead to deteriorated performance. 
     Various example embodiments provide an electronic device having a bending member and a sliding frame capable of preventing occurrence of a birdcaging phenomenon of the flexible display during a pull-in (retracting) or pull-out (extracting) operation. 
     According to an example embodiment, there is provided an electronic device which may comprise a housing; a sliding frame, at least a portion of which is drawn out from the housing in a first direction during a pull-out operation, or at least a portion of which is retracted into the housing in a second direction opposite to the first direction during a pull-in operation, the sliding frame including a curved surface formed by bending at its side; a flexible display disposed in a space defined by the housing and the sliding frame, the flexible display including a first region visually visible from the outside, and a second region extending from the first region and varying in size depending on a pulled-in or pulled-out state of the sliding frame; and a bending member disposed on a rear surface of the flexible display, the bending member including a plurality of bars arranged in a certain interval to support the flexible display, wherein the bending member comprises a first bar including at least one first locking part protruding in an inner direction of the electronic device, among the plurality of bars, and wherein the sliding frame comprises at least one locking jaw configured to cause the at least one first locking part to be caught at a predetermined position in its open state. 
     According to various example embodiments, it is possible to prevent or reduce the likelihood of occurrence of a birdcaging phenomenon of the flexible display during the retracting or pulling-out operation of the sliding frame by using the locking part formed in the bending member and the locking jaw formed in the sliding frame. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Certain example embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, throughout which like reference letters indicate corresponding parts in the various figures. The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following description with reference to the drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS.  2 A and  2 B  are front and rear views of an electronic device in a closed state according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS.  3 A and  3 B  are front and rear views of an electronic device in an open state, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  4    is an exploded perspective view of an electronic device according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  5 A  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device taken along a line  5   a - 5   a  of  FIG.  2 A  according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  5 B  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device taken along a line  5   b - 5   b  of  FIG.  3 A  according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  6    is a view illustrating a bending member in an unfolded state according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  7    is a view illustrating a support plate and a flexible section of a bending plate according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  8    is a view illustrating that a bending plate is disposed between a flexible display and a bending member according to an embodiment. 
         FIG.  9 A  is an upper perspective view of a sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  9 B  is a lower perspective view of a sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  10    is a view illustrating an arrangement in which a bending member is disposed on a sliding frame according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  11    is a view illustrating a process of assembling a guide rail to a sliding frame in which a bending member is disposed, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  12 A  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device taken along a line  12   a - 12   a  of  FIG.  2 A  according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  12 B  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device taken along a line  12 B- 12 B of  FIG.  3 A  according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  12 C  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device illustrating an initial state when the pull-in operation is initiated in  FIG.  12 B , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIGS.  13 A to  13 D  are cross-sectional views for explaining a locking part and a locking jaw having different shapes depending on a change in position of a predetermined bar including the locking part, in an open state, according to various example embodiments. 
         FIG.  14    is a view illustrating an unfolded state of a bending member according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  15 A  is an upper perspective view of a sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  15 B  is a lower perspective view of a sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  16 A  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device in a closed state according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  16 B  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device in an open state according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  17    is an enlarged plan view of a part of a sliding frame according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  18    is a cross-sectional view illustrating a bending member and a sliding frame according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  19    is a perspective view illustrating a part of the bar determined in  FIG.  18   . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, various embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the following description, specific details such as detailed configurations and components will be provided merely to help a general understanding of various embodiments of the disclosure. Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. Further, descriptions of well-known functions and configurations may be omitted for clarity and conciseness. 
       FIG.  1    is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1   , an electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  may communicate with an electronic device  102  via a first network  198  (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or at least one of an electronic device  104  or a server  108  via a second network  199  (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may communicate with the electronic device  104  via the server  108 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  101  may include a processor  120 , a memory  130 , an input module  150 , a sound output module  155 , a display module  160 , an audio module  170 , a sensor module  176 , an interface  177 , a connecting terminal  178 , a haptic module  179 , a camera module  180 , a power management module  188 , a battery  189 , a communication module  190 , a subscriber identification module (SIM)  196 , or an antenna module  197 . In some embodiments, at least one of the components (e.g., the connecting terminal  178 ) may be omitted from the electronic device  101 , or one or more other components may be added in the electronic device  101 . In some embodiments, some of the components (e.g., the sensor module  176 , the camera module  180 , or the antenna module  197 ) may be implemented as a single component (e.g., the display module  160 ). 
     The processor  120  may execute, for example, software (e.g., a program  140 ) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device  101  coupled with the processor  120 , and may perform various data processing or computation. According to an embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or computation, the processor  120  may store a command or data received from another component (e.g., the sensor module  176  or the communication module  190 ) in a volatile memory  132 , process the command or the data stored in the volatile memory  132 , and store resulting data in a non-volatile memory  134  (which may include internal memory  136  and/or external memory  138 ). According to an embodiment, the processor  120  may include a main processor  121  (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU) or an application processor (AP)), or an auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., a graphics processing unit (GPU), a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor (ISP), a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor (CP)) that is operable independently from, or in conjunction with, the main processor  121 . For example, when the electronic device  101  includes the main processor  121  and the auxiliary processor  123 , the auxiliary processor  123  may be adapted to consume less power than the main processor  121 , or to be specific to a specified function. The auxiliary processor  123  may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the main processor  121 . 
     The auxiliary processor  123  may control at least some of functions or states related to at least one component (e.g., the display module  160 , the sensor module  176 , or the communication module  190 ) among the components of the electronic device  101 , instead of the main processor  121  while the main processor  121  is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor  121  while the main processor  121  is in an active state (e.g., executing an application). According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as part of another component (e.g., the camera module  180  or the communication module  190 ) functionally related to the auxiliary processor  123 . According to an embodiment, the auxiliary processor  123  (e.g., the neural processing unit) may include a hardware structure specified for artificial intelligence model processing. An artificial intelligence model may be generated by machine learning. Such learning may be performed, e.g., by the electronic device  101  where the artificial intelligence is performed or via a separate server (e.g., the server  108 ). Learning algorithms may include, but are not limited to, e.g., supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers. The artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), deep Q-network or a combination of two or more thereof but is not limited thereto. The artificial intelligence model may, additionally or alternatively, include a software structure other than the hardware structure. 
     The memory  130  may store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor  120  or the sensor module  176 ) of the electronic device  101 . The various data may include, for example, software (e.g., the program  140 ) and input data or output data for a command related thereto. The memory  130  may include the volatile memory  132  or the non-volatile memory  134 . 
     The program  140  may be stored in the memory  130  as software, and may include, for example, an operating system (OS)  142 , middleware  144 , or an application  146 . 
     The input module  150  may receive a command or data to be used by another component (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the electronic device  101 , from the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The input module  150  may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen). 
     The sound output module  155  may output sound signals to the outside of the electronic device  101 . The sound output module  155  may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as playing multimedia or playing record. The receiver may be used for receiving incoming calls. According to an embodiment, the receiver may be implemented as separate from, or as part of the speaker. 
     The display module  160  may visually provide information to the outside (e.g., a user) of the electronic device  101 . The display module  160  may include, for example, a display, a hologram device, or a projector and control circuitry to control a corresponding one of the display, hologram device, and projector. According to an embodiment, the display module  160  may include a touch sensor adapted to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor adapted to measure the intensity of force incurred by the touch. 
     The audio module  170  may convert a sound into an electrical signal and vice versa. According to an embodiment, the audio module  170  may obtain the sound via the input module  150 , or output the sound via the sound output module  155  or a headphone of an external electronic device (e.g., an electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly coupled with the electronic device  101 . 
     The sensor module  176  may detect an operational state (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device  101  or an environmental state (e.g., a state of a user) external to the electronic device  101 , and then generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to an embodiment, the sensor module  176  may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor. 
     The interface  177  may support one or more specified protocols to be used for the electronic device  101  to be coupled with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ) directly (e.g., wiredly) or wirelessly. According to an embodiment, the interface  177  may include, for example, a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, a secure digital (SD) card interface, or an audio interface. 
     A connecting terminal  178  may include a connector via which the electronic device  101  may be physically connected with the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 ). According to an embodiment, the connecting terminal  178  may include, for example, a HDMI connector, a USB connector, a SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector). 
     The haptic module  179  may convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., a vibration or a movement) or electrical stimulus which may be recognized by a user via his tactile sensation or kinesthetic sensation. According to an embodiment, the haptic module  179  may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulator. 
     The camera module  180  may capture a still image or moving images. According to an embodiment, the camera module  180  may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes. 
     The power management module  188  may manage power supplied to the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the power management module  188  may be implemented as at least part of, for example, a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). 
     The battery  189  may supply power to at least one component of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the battery  189  may include, for example, a primary cell which is not rechargeable, a secondary cell which is rechargeable, or a fuel cell. 
     The communication module  190  may support establishing a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  102 , the electronic device  104 , or the server  108 ) and performing communication via the established communication channel. The communication module  190  may include one or more communication processors that are operable independently from the processor  120  (e.g., the application processor (AP)) and supports a direct (e.g., wired) communication or a wireless communication. According to an embodiment, the communication module  190  may include a wireless communication module  192  (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module  194  (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module or a power line communication (PLC) module). A corresponding one of these communication modules may communicate with the external electronic device via the first network  198  (e.g., a short-range communication network, such as Bluetooth™, wireless-fidelity (Wi-Fi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or the second network  199  (e.g., a long-range communication network, such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., LAN or wide area network (WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be implemented as a single component (e.g., a single chip), or may be implemented as multi components (e.g., multi chips) separate from each other. The wireless communication module  192  may identify and authenticate the electronic device  101  in a communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , using subscriber information (e.g., international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module  196 . 
     The wireless communication module  192  may support a 5G network, after a 4G network, and next-generation communication technology, e.g., new radio (NR) access technology. The NR access technology may support enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), or ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC). The wireless communication module  192  may support a high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band) to address, e.g., a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module  192  may support various technologies for securing performance on a high-frequency band, such as, e.g., beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (massive MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module  192  may support various requirements specified in the electronic device  101 , an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  104 ), or a network system (e.g., the second network  199 ). According to an embodiment, the wireless communication module  192  may support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for implementing eMBB, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for implementing mMTC, or U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for each of downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or a round trip of 1 ms or less) for implementing URLLC. 
     The antenna module  197  may transmit or receive a signal or power to or from the outside (e.g., the external electronic device) of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include an antenna including a radiating element including a conductive material or a conductive pattern formed in or on a substrate (e.g., a printed circuit board (PCB)). According to an embodiment, the antenna module  197  may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas). In such a case, at least one antenna appropriate for a communication scheme used in the communication network, such as the first network  198  or the second network  199 , may be selected, for example, by the communication module  190  (e.g., the wireless communication module  192 ) from the plurality of antennas. The signal or the power may then be transmitted or received between the communication module  190  and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. According to an embodiment, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) other than the radiating element may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module  197 . 
     According to certain embodiments, the antenna module  197  may be a mmWave antenna module. According to an embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, a RFIC disposed on a first surface (e.g., the bottom surface) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the first surface and capable of supporting a designated high-frequency band (e.g., the mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on a second surface (e.g., the top or a side) of the printed circuit board, or adjacent to the second surface and capable of transmitting or receiving signals of the designated high-frequency band. 
     At least some of the above-described components may be coupled mutually and communicate signals (e.g., commands or data) therebetween via an inter-peripheral communication scheme (e.g., a bus, general purpose input and output (GPIO), serial peripheral interface (SPI), or mobile industry processor interface (MIPI)). 
     According to an embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device  101  and the external electronic device  104  via the server  108  coupled with the second network  199 . Each of the electronic devices  102  or  104  may be a device of a same type as, or a different type, from the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment, all or some of operations to be executed at the electronic device  101  may be executed at one or more of the external electronic devices  102 ,  104 , or  108 . For example, if the electronic device  101  should perform a function or a service automatically, or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device  101 , instead of, or in addition to, executing the function or the service, may request the one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or the service. The one or more external electronic devices receiving the request may perform the at least part of the function or the service requested, or an additional function or an additional service related to the request, and transfer an outcome of the performing to the electronic device  101 . The electronic device  101  may provide the outcome, with or without further processing of the outcome, as at least part of a reply to the request. To that end, a cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used, for example. The electronic device  101  may provide ultra-low latency services using, e.g., distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In another embodiment, the external electronic device  104  may include an internet-of-things (IoT) device. The server  108  may be an intelligent server using machine learning and/or a neural network. According to an embodiment, the external electronic device  104  or the server  108  may be included in the second network  199 . The electronic device  101  may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology or IoT-related technology. 
       FIGS.  2 A and  2 B  are front and rear views of an electronic device in a closed state according to an embodiment.  FIGS.  3 A and  3 B  are front and rear views of an electronic device in an open state according to an embodiment. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  of  FIGS.  2 A to  3 B  may be at least partially similar to the electronic device  101  of  FIG.  1    or may further include other embodiments of the electronic device. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  2 A to  3 B , the electronic device  200  may include a flexible display  230  (e.g., expandable display, stretchable display, rollable display, or display assembly) (such as, e.g., the display module  160  of  FIG.  1   ) in which at least two housings are stacked in a vertical direction to enable sliding in a certain direction. The flexible display  230  may be configured so that its display area changes as one housing slides along another housing in a certain direction, for example. According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210  (e.g., a first housing structure or a base housing), a second housing  220  (e.g., a second housing structure or a slide housing) movably coupled within a designated distance from the first housing  210  in a designated direction (e.g., an x-axis direction), and a flexible display  230  arranged to be supported through at least a portion of the first housing  210  and the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  can switch from an open state to a closed state as at least a portion of the second housing  220  is accommodated in a first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210 . The electronic device  200  may switch from the closed state to the open state as the at least a portion of the second housing  220  accommodated in the first receiving part  2101  is drawn out of the first receiving part  2101 . As disclosed herein, the open state may refer to a state in which the second region  230   b  of the flexible display  230  is maximized, and the closed state may refer to a state in which the second region  230   b  of the flexible display  230  is minimized. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a bending member or bendable support member (e.g., a bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ) such as e.g., an articulated hinge module or a bar assembly. In the open state, the bending member may at least partially form the same plane as at least a portion of the first housing  210 . In the closed state, the bending member may be at least partially accommodated in the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may operate so that the second housing  220  is slidably moved from the first housing  210  in a designated direction (e.g., an x-axis direction) to enable the display area of the flexible display  230  to vary. 
     According to an embodiment, the display area of the flexible display  230  may change depending upon a pull-in operation or a pull-out operation. The flexible display  230  may, for example, perform the pull-in operation or the pull-out operation by an external force (e.g., a user&#39;s manipulation) or an internal force (e.g., an operation by a driving module  400  of  FIG.  4   ). The pull-in operation may include a series of operations for reducing the size of the display area by the flexible display  230 . The pull-out operation may include a series of operations for expanding the size of the display area by the flexible display  230 . Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a state in which the display area of the flexible display  230  is maximized or enlarged by a pull-out operation is referred to as an ‘open state’, and a state in which the display area of the flexible display  230  is minimized or reduced by a pull-in operation is referred to as a ‘closed state’. Throughout the following description, for convenience of description, the state of the flexible display  230  before the pull-in operation or the pull-out operation is initiated is referred to as a first state or an initial state, and the state of the flexible display  230  after the pull-in operation or the pull-out operation is completed is referred to as a second state or a transition state. In the pull-in operation, the first state may be referred to as a first pull-out state to indicate that it is in a state before the pull-in operation is started, and the second state may be referred to as a first pull-in state to indicate that it is in a state after the pull-in operation is completed. Further, in the pull-out operation, the first state may be referred to as a second pull-in state to indicate that it is in a state before the pull-out operation is started, and the second state may be referred to as a second pull-out state to indicate that it is in a state after the pull-out operation is completed. 
     According to an embodiment, the flexible display  230  may be disposed so that a first region corresponding to at least a part thereof is not accommodated in the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210  or a second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 , being supported by the bending member (e.g., the bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ). The first region of the flexible display  230  drawn out from the receiving part (e.g., the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201 ) may be disposed to be visible from the outside (e.g., the front side). The first region may include an edge (e.g., an edge  231 ) of the display. The flexible display  230  may be accommodated in the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210  or the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 , with a second region corresponding to at least a portion of the flexible display  230  being supported by the bending member (e.g., the bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ). The second region of the flexible display  230  accommodated in the receiving part (e.g., the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201 ) may be disposed to be invisible from the outside or to be visible only from its back side instead of its front side. The first region may be expanded by the pull-out operation or reduced by the pull-in operation. The second region may be reduced by the pull-out operation or may be expanded by the pull-in operation. The display area of the first region and the second region may vary depending on how much they are drawn out or drawn in (e.g., a ratio of the first region to an entire region or the second region to the entire region). The edge (e.g., the edge  231  in  FIG.  4   ) of the display may maintain a constant area regardless of the pull-in operation or the pull-out operation. The first region may be used, for example, to display an image according to an operation of the electronic device  200  on the front part. The second region may be, for example, deactivated so that the electronic device  200  cannot be used to display an image according to an operation, or may be activated so that the electronic device  200  can be used to display an image according to an operation on the rear side. The second region may be activated to be used to display an image according to an operation of the electronic device  200  only for a portion from which at least a portion thereof is drawn out and is visible from the outside. The bending member may be, for example, disposed to form at least partially the same plane as the first housing  210 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may have a front surface  200   a  (e.g., a first surface), a rear surface  200   b  (e.g., a second surface) facing in a direction opposite to the front surface  200   a , and a side (not shown) surrounding a space between the front surface  200   a  and the rear surface  200   b . The side may include at least one of an upper side, a lower side, a left side, or a right side, with respect to the front surface. However, this arrangement is only for an example, and a first side member  211  and a second side member  221  may have surfaces corresponding to one or two surfaces of four surfaces of the first housing  210  and the second housing  220 . Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a circumstance of three surfaces will be described as an example. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210  and a second housing  220 . The first housing  210  may include a first side member  211 . The second housing  220  may include a second side member  221 . The first side member  211  may form, for example, edges corresponding to at least three surfaces (e.g., an upper side, a lower side, and a right side with respect to the front surface) among the four surfaces of the first housing  210 . The second side member  221  may, for example, form edges corresponding to at least three surfaces (e.g., an upper side, a lower side and a left side with respect to the front surface) among the four surfaces of the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, the first side member  211  may include at least one of a first side  2111  (e.g., a lower side of the first housing  210 ), a second side  2112  (e.g., a right side of the first housing  210 ), and a third side  2113  (e.g., an upper side of the first housing  210 ). The first side  2111  may have a first length along a first direction (e.g., x-axis direction). The second side  2112  may extend to have a second length longer than the first length in a direction substantially perpendicular to the first side  2111  (e.g., y-axis direction). The third side  2113  may extend substantially parallel to the first side  2111  from the second side  2112  and may have the first length. The first side member  211  may be, for example, at least partially formed of a conductive material (e.g., metal). The first side member  211  may include, for example, a first support member  212  extending to at least a portion of the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210 . 
     According to an embodiment, the second side member  221  may include at least one of a fourth side  2211  (e.g., a lower side of the second housing  220 ), a fifth side  2212  (e.g., a left side of the second housing  220 ) or a sixth side  2213  (e.g., an upper side of the second housing  220 ). The fourth side  2211  may at least partially correspond to the first side  2111  and may have a third length. The fifth side  2212  may extend in a direction substantially parallel to the second side  2112  from the fourth side  2211  and may have a fourth length greater than the third length. The sixth side  2213  may extend from the fifth side  2212  to correspond to the third side  2113  and may have the third length. The second side member  221  may be, for example, at least partially formed of a conductive material (e.g., metal). The second side member  221  may include, for example, a second support member  222  extending to at least a portion of the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, the first side  2111  and the fourth side  2211  or the third side  2113  and the sixth side  2213  may be slidably coupled to each other. In this context, in the closed state, a part or all of the fourth side  2211  may be arranged to overlap the first side  2111 , so that it may be disposed to be substantially invisible from the outside. Further, in the closed state, a part or all of the sixth side  2213  may be arranged to overlap the third side  2113 , so that it may be disposed to be substantially invisible from the outside. For example, the fourth side  2211  or the sixth side  2213  may be arranged to be at least partially visible from the outside, in the closed state. 
     According to an embodiment, in a pull-in operation, the second support member  222  included in the second side member  221  may overlap the first support member  212  included in the first side member  211  to be arranged substantially invisible from the outside. For example, when the pull-in is not fully made, a portion of the second support member  222  may overlap the first support member  212  to be invisible from the outside, and the rest of the second support member  222  may not overlap the first support member  212  to be disposed to be viewed from the outside. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device may include a rear cover  213 . The rear cover  213  may be disposed on at least a portion of the first housing  210  on the rear surface  200   b  of the electronic device. The rear cover  213  may be, for example, disposed through at least a portion of the first support member  212 . The rear cover  213  may be formed integrally with the first side member  211 , for example. The rear cover  213  may be formed of, for example, a polymer, coated or colored glass, ceramic, metal (e.g., aluminum, stainless steel (STS), or magnesium), or a combination of at least two of these materials. The rear cover  213  may extend, for example, to at least a portion of the first side member  211 . At least a portion of the first support member  212  may be replaced with, for example, the rear cover  213 . In the second housing  220 , the electronic device  200  may further include another rear cover (e.g., a second rear cover) disposed on at least a portion of the second support member  222 , or replaced with at least the portion of the second support member  222 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a flexible display  230  disposed to be supported by at least a portion of the first housing  210  or the second housing  220 . The flexible display  230  may include a first region  230   a  (e.g., a flat portion) and/or a second region  230   b  (e.g., a curved portion, a bendable portion, or a rollable portion). The first region  230   a  may be an area that is always visible from the outside of the entire area of the flexible display  230 . The second region  230   b , which may extend from the first region  230   a , may be a region that is, in the pull-in operation, accommodated in the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210  or the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220  to be invisible from the outside, and is, in the pull-out operation, drawn out from the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201  to be visible from the outside. The first region  230   a  may be disposed to be supported by the first housing  210 . The second region  230   b  may be disposed to be at least partially supported by the bending member (e.g., the bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ). For the aforementioned activated region, the region pulled out from the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201  of the first region  230   a  or the second region  230   b  may be activated to display an image thereon, and the region accommodated in the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201  of the second regions  230   b  may be inactivated to display no image thereon. 
     According to an embodiment, in the pulled-out state of the second housing  220  along a designated direction (e.g., in the direction indicated by an arrow {circle around ( 1 )}), the second region  230   b  of the flexible display  230  may be extended from the first region  230   a , being supported by the bending member (e.g., the bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ). To this end, the second region  230   b  may form substantially the same plane as that of the first region  230   a  and may be disposed to be visible from the outside. 
     According to an embodiment, in the pulled-in state of the second housing  220  along a designated direction (e.g., in the direction indicated by an arrow {circle around ( 2 )}), the second region  230   b  of the flexible display  230  may be accommodated in the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 , and it may be arranged to be invisible from the outside, or to be viewed from the back rather than from the front. 
     According to an embodiment, an opposite end of a variable portion (e.g., the second region  230   b ) of the flexible display  230  may include a fixing part (e.g., the edge  231 ) fixed by the first housing  210 . The fixing part (e.g., the edge  231 ) may be formed by, for example, bending from one side of the flexible display  230  toward a side (e.g., the second side  2112 ) of the first housing  210 . The fixing part (e.g., the edge  231 ) may form a part or all of the side (e.g., the second side  2112 ) of the first housing  210 . Each embodiment herein may be used in combination with any other embodiment(s) herein. 
     According to an embodiment, the first housing  210  and/or the second housing  220  may operate in a sliding manner so that the overall width changes with respect to each other. For example, in a closed state, the electronic device  200  may be configured to have a first width W 1  between the second side  2112  and the fifth side  2212 . Further, in an open state, the electronic device  200  may be moved so that at least a portion of the bending member (e.g., the bending member  240  of  FIG.  4   ) accommodated in the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220  has an additional second width W 2 , thereby enabling to have a third width W 3  greater than the first width W 1 . The flexible display  230  included in the electronic device  200  may have, in the closed state, a display area substantially corresponding to the first width W 1 , and may have, in the open state, an expanded display area substantially corresponding to the third width W 3 . 
     According to an embodiment, the pull-in and/or pull-out operations of the electronic device  200  may be carried out automatically. The electronic device  200  may, for example, receive a request for the pull-in and/or pull-out operation to operate a driving module (e.g., the driving module  400  of  FIG.  4   ) included therein. The request for the pull-in or pull-out operation may be made by a designated manipulation button disposed on the electronic device  200  and/or a touch motion onto a corresponding object displayed on the flexible display  230 . For example, when the processor of the electronic device  200  (e.g., the processor  120  of  FIG.  1   ) detects a pull-in and/or pull-out event, it may operate to control a sliding operation of the second housing  220  through the driving module  400 . The processor (including processing circuitry) of the electronic device  200  (e.g., the processor  120  of  FIG.  1   ), in response to a change in the display area of the flexible display  230 , for example, in a closed state, an open state, or an intermediate state (e.g., inclusive of a free stop state), may operate to display an object in various ways or control the display screen of the flexible display  230  to execute an application program. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include at least one of an input device (e.g., a microphone  203 ) disposed in the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210 , a sound output device (e.g., a receiver  206  or a speaker  207  for phone calls), a sensor module  204  or  217 , a camera module (e.g., a first camera module  205  or a second camera module  216 ), a connector port  208 , a key input device (not shown), and an indicator (not shown). The electronic device  200  may be configured such that at least one of the above-described components is omitted or other components are added thereto. At least one of the above-described components may be disposed in the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 . Each “module” herein may comprise circuitry. 
     According to an embodiment, the input device may include a plurality of microphones disposed to detect a direction of sound. The sound output device may include, for example, a receiver  206  and a speaker  207  for phone calls. The speaker  207  may be disposed to face the outside through at least one speaker hole formed in the first housing  210 , in the open state. The connector port  208  may be disposed to face the outside through a connector port hole formed in the first housing  210 , in the open state. The receiver  206  for phone calls may include a speaker (e.g., a piezo speaker) operating with the separate speaker hole being excluded. 
     According to an embodiment, the sensor modules  204  and  217  (comprising sensors, respectively) may generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to an internal operating state of the electronic device  200  or an external environmental state. The sensor modules  204  and  217  may include a first sensor module  204  (e.g., a proximity sensor or an illuminance sensor) disposed on the front surface  200   a  of the electronic device  200  and/or a second sensor module  217  (e.g., a heart rate monitoring (HRM) sensor) arranged on the rear surface  200   b  of the electronic device  200 . The first sensor module  204  may be, for example, disposed underneath the flexible display  230 , in the front surface  200   a  of the electronic device  200 . The first sensor module  204  and/or the second sensor module  217  may include at least one of a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, a time of flight (ToF) sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and so on. 
     According to an embodiment, the camera module may include a first camera module  205  disposed at the front surface  200   a  of the electronic device  200 , and a second camera module  216  disposed at the rear surface  200   b  of the electronic device  200 . The first and/or second camera modules  205  and  216  may include one or more lenses, an image sensor, and/or an image signal processor. For example, the first camera module  205  may be disposed underneath the flexible display  230  and may be configured to capture a subject through a portion of an activated area of the flexible display  230 . A flash  218  may be disposed in the second camera module  216 . The flash  218  may include, for example, a light emitting diode or a xenon lamp. 
     According to an embodiment, the first camera module  205  of the camera modules or some sensor module(s)  204  of the sensor modules  204  and  217  may be arranged to detect the external environment through the flexible display  230 . For example, the first camera module  205  or some sensor module(s)  204  may be arranged, in the first receiving part/portion  2101  of the first housing  210 , to come into contact with the external environment through a transmissive area or a perforated opening formed in the flexible display  230 . The region of the flexible display  230  facing the first camera module  205  may include a transmissive region with a designated transmittance as a part of a content display region. The transmissive region may be formed to have, for example, a predetermined transmittance in a range of about 5% to about 20%. This transmission region may include a region overlapping an effective region (e.g., an angle of view region) of the first camera module  205 , through which light is formed into image when passing through an image sensor for obtaining an image. For example, the transmissive area of the flexible display  230  may include an area having lower pixel density and/or wiring density than its surrounding area. The transmissive area may replace the opening. The camera module  205  may include an under display camera (UDC). The sensor module  204  may be disposed to perform its function without being visually exposed through the flexible display  230  in the internal space of the electronic device  200 . 
     According to embodiments, the electronic device  200  may include at least one antenna (e.g., antenna radiators A 1 , A 2  and A 3 ) electrically connected with a wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192  of  FIG.  1   ) disposed in the first receiving part  2101  of the first housing  210 . The at least one antenna (A 1 , A 2  and A 3 ) may include at least one of a first antenna A 1  disposed on the first side  2111 , a second antenna A 2  disposed on the second side  2112 , or a third antenna A 3  disposed on the third side  2113  in the first housing  210 . The electronic device  200  may further include at least one antenna disposed on the fifth side  2212  in the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, in the electronic device  200 , the first antenna A 1  may include a first conductive portion  311  segmented through at least one segment  3111  and  3112 , which is a non-conductive portion, in the first side  2111  of the first side member  211 . The first conductive portion  311  may be, for example, arranged to be segmented through a first segment  3111  and/or a second segment  3112  spaced apart at a predetermined interval from each other, and may be electrically connected to the wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192  of  FIG.  1   ). 
     According to an embodiment, in the electronic device  200 , the second antenna A 2  may include a second conductive portion  321  segmented through at least one segment  3211  and  3212 , which is a non-conductive portion, in the second side  2112  of the first side member  211 . The second conductive portion  321  may be, for example, arranged to be segmented through a third segment  3211  and/or a fourth segment  3212  spaced apart at a predetermined interval from each other, and may be electrically connected to the wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192  of  FIG.  1   ). 
     According to an embodiment, in the electronic device  200 , the third antenna A 3  may include a third conductive portion  331  segmented through at least one segment  3311  and  3312 , which is a non-conductive portion, in the third side  2113  of the first side member  211 . The third conductive portion  331  may be, for example, arranged to be segmented through a fifth segment  3311  and/or a sixth segment  3312  spaced apart at a predetermined interval from each other, and may be electrically connected to the wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192 , including communication circuitry, of  FIG.  1   ). 
     According to an embodiment, in the electronic device  200 , the wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192  of  FIG.  1   ) may be configured to transmit and/or receive a wireless signal in a designated first frequency band (e.g., about 800 MHz to about 6000 MHZ) through the first conductive portion  311 , the second conductive portion  321  and/or the third conductive portion  331 . In the electronic device  200 , the wireless communication circuitry (e.g., the wireless communication module  192  of  FIG.  1   ) may be configured to transmit and/or receive a wireless signal in a designated second frequency band (e.g., about 3 GHz to about 100 GHz). The electronic device  200  may further include at least one antenna module for transmitting and/or receiving a signal in the first frequency band or at least one additional antenna module for transmitting and/or receiving a signal in the second frequency band (e.g., 5G antenna module or antenna structure). 
     According to various embodiments of the disclosure, the electronic device  200  may include a driving module (e.g., the driving module  400  of  FIG.  4   ) in its internal space for the pull-in and/or pull-out operation. The driving module  400  may be disposed in the internal space of the electronic device  200  in consideration of the physical relationship with other electronic components, thereby helping to slim the electronic device  200 . 
       FIG.  4    is an exploded perspective view of an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  200  of  FIGS.  2 A to  3 B ) according to an embodiment.  FIG.  5 A  is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  200  of  FIGS.  2 A to  3 B ) as viewed along a line  5   a - 5   a  of  FIG.  2 A , according to an embodiment. Further,  FIG.  5 B  is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  200  of  FIGS.  2 A to  3 B ) as viewed along a line  5   b - 5   b  of  FIG.  3 A , according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  4  to  5 B , the electronic device  200  may have a predetermined bar (e.g., a first bar  2411 ) in which a locking part (e.g., a first locking part  2411   a  of  FIG.  6   ) is formed to prevent or reduce the likelihood of the display from birdcaging that may occur in a bendable portion (e.g., the second portion W 2  of  FIG.  3 A ) during the pull-in and/or pull-out operation of the flexible display  230 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may have a locking jaw (e.g., a first locking jaw  2252   a  in  FIG.  10   ) corresponding to the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ), formed on a side (e.g., a side  2253  of  FIG.  9 A ) of a sliding frame  225  of the second housing  220 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210  including a first receiving part  2101 , a second housing  220  including a second receiving part  2201 , a bending member  240  (e.g., a bar assembly), or a flexible display  230 . The first housing  210  may be slidably coupled to the second housing  220 . The bending member  240  may be at least partially rotatably disposed in the second receiving part  2201 . The flexible display  230  may be disposed to be supported by at least a portion of the bending member  240  and the first housing  210 . 
     According to an embodiment, the first housing  210  may include at least one of a cover housing  214  or a bracket housing  215 . The first housing  210  may be provided, for example, by coupling of the cover housing  214  and the bracket housing  215 . At least a portion of the cover housing  214  may include a first support member (e.g., the first support member  212  of  FIG.  3 B ), or may be replaced with the first support member (e.g., the first support member  212  of  FIG.  3 B ). The bracket housing  215  may include a first surface  2151  facing a second direction (e.g., z-axis direction), a second surface  2152  facing a third direction (e.g., −z-axis direction) opposite to the first surface  2151 , and a side  2153  surrounding between the first surface  2151  and the second surface  2152 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may be disposed on at least a portion of the first surface  2151  of the bracket housing  215  under the flexible display  230 , and thus include an auxiliary cover that provides a flat surface. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include at least one battery  290  or a substrate  510  disposed in the first receiving portion  2101  between the second surface  2152  of the bracket housing  215  and the cover housing  214 . The substrate  510  or the at least one battery  290  may be attached to the bracket housing  215 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include at least one of a sensor module (e.g., the sensor module of  FIG.  3 A ) or a camera module (e.g., the camera module  216  of  FIG.  3 B ) disposed in the first receiving part  2101 . 
     According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may be attached to at least a portion of the rear surface of the flexible display  230 . The front surface  243  of the bending member  240  may come into contact with the rear surface of the flexible display  230 . The bending member  240  may include a plurality of bars  241  supporting the flexible display  230 . The plurality of bars  241  may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. At least a portion of the bending member  240  may be accommodated to be movable in the second receiving part  2201  of the second housing  220 . The bending member  240  may be at least partially accommodated in the second receiving part  2201 , in its closed state. The bending member  240  may, in its open state, be at least partially drawn out from the second receiving part  2201  so as to form a plane substantially flush with the first housing  210  (e.g., the bracket housing  215 ). The flexible display  230  supported by at least a portion of the bending member  240  or the first housing  210  may have the viewable display area, varying depending on the sliding motion. 
     According to one embodiment, at least one bar  241  of the plurality of bars  241  of the bending member  240  may be provided with a locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ). The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be formed to protrude toward the rear side  244  of the bending member  240 . In more detail, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be formed to protrude inwards of the electronic device  200 , when the bending member  240  is assembled to the electronic device  200 . The flexible display  230  may be, in the pull-out operation, drawn out until the locking portion (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) is caught onto the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a  in  FIG.  10   ) formed in the second housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225 ). The locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a  in  FIG.  10   ) may serve as a stop guide so that the bending member  240  can stop when the flexible display  230  is pulled out to reach its open state (or the second pull-out state). 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a guide rail  224  disposed between the first housing  210  and the second housing  220  to induce a sliding operation of the second housing  220 . The guide rail  224  may be integrally formed with the second housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225  or the slide cover housing  226 ). The guide rail  224  may guide the movement of the bending member  240 . According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may further include a side cover (now shown) disposed to cover both sides (e.g., the first side  2111  and the third side  2113  of  FIG.  2 B ) of the first housing  210 . 
     According to an embodiment, the second housing  220  may include a sliding frame  225  or a slide cover housing  226 . The sliding frame  225  may be disposed to be at least partially movable from the first housing  210  towards the second receiving part  2201  (e.g., in the direction indicated by the arrow {circle around ( 1 )}). In one example, the sliding frame  225  may be coupled to the slide cover housing  226  and may be slidably coupled to the first housing  210  (e.g., the bracket housing  215 ). As another example, the sliding frame  225  may be integrally formed with the slide cover housing  226 . When the structure of the sliding frame  225  is included in the slide cover housing  226 , then the sliding frame  225  may not be incorporated as a separate component. 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may include a driving module  400 . The driving module  400  may be disposed in the internal space (e.g., the first receiving part  2101  or the second receiving part  2201 ). The driving module  400  may provide a driving force for moving the second housing  220  in a direction in which the second housing  220  is drawn out from the first housing  210  (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 1 )}) and/or in a direction in which it is drawn in the first housing  210  (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 2 )}). The driving module  400  may be disposed, for example, in the second housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225 ). 
     According to an embodiment, the driving module  400  may include a driving motor  410 , a first gear  411  (e.g., a pinion gear) mounted on the driving motor  410 , and a second gear  421  (e.g., a rack gear) meshed with the first gear  411 . The driving motor  410  may move along with the sliding frame  225  in the pull-in and/or pull-out operation of the electronic device  200 . 
     According to an embodiment, the driving module  400  may be disposed in the sliding frame  225  to be positioned on the same plane as the sliding frame  225 . The driving module  400  enables relative reduction in thickness of the electronic device  200 , thereby assisting in further slimming thereof, compared to the driving module  400  disposed above or beneath the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to an embodiment, the electronic device  200  may induce the pull-in operation or the pull-out operation by linear motion of the second gear  421  as the driving motor  410  is driven. Specifically, the second gear  421  may be caused to push a part of the first housing  210  or an electronic component within the first receiving part  2101  to move the sliding frame  255  in the direction {circle around ( 2 )} (e.g., −x-axis direction), thereby enabling pulling-out of the flexible display  230 . 
     According to an embodiment, a bending plate  270  may be attached to the rear surface of the flexible display  230 . The rear surface of the flexible display  230  may indicate a surface located opposite to the surface from which light is emitted from a display panel including a plurality of pixels. The bending plate  270  may contribute to durability of the flexible display  230 . The bending plate  270  may reduce the effect of a load or stress that may occur when the flexible display  230  is pulled in/out, on the flexible display  230 . The bending plate  270  may prevent or reduce a chance of the flexible display  230  from being damaged by a force transmitted therefrom upon movement of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to an embodiment, the bending plate  270  may be formed of various metal materials and/or non-metal materials (e.g., polymer). The bending plate  270  may include, for example, stainless steel. The bending plate  270  may include, for example, engineering plastic. The bending plate  270  may be implemented integrally with the flexible display  230 . 
     According to an embodiment, the bending plate  270  may be arranged so that the electronic components (e.g., the bending member  240 ) disposed inside the electronic device  200  is substantially invisible through the flexible display  230  from the outside. 
     According to an embodiment, bending plate  270  may be provided with a touch panel or a pen recognition panel. The touch panel may detect a user&#39;s finger gesture input and output a touch event value corresponding to the detected touch input signal. The touch panel may be implemented in one of a capacitive type or a pressure sensitive type. Here, the capacitive type of touch panel uses detecting micro-electricity generated in the user&#39;s body to calculate touch coordinates. Further, the pressure-sensitive type of touch panel has at least two electrode plates therein and uses detecting a current flow caused by contacting of the upper/lower plates at a touched point to calculate touch coordinates. The pen recognition panel may detect the user&#39;s pen gesture input accruing from the user&#39;s manipulation of a touch pen (e.g., a stylus pen or a digitizer pen), and then output a pen proximity event value or a pen touch event value. The pen recognition panel may be implemented by, for example, an EMR (Electro-Magnetic Resonance) method, and may sense a touch or proximity input depending on proximity of the touch pen or a change in strength of an electromagnetic field due to a touch. 
     According to an embodiment, the flexible display  230  may further include an extension  232  configured to extend from a fixed part (e.g., an edge  231 ). The extension  232  may be, for example, bent with a certain curvature, and electrically connect a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) (not shown) and a display driving chip located on the rear surface of the flexible display  230 . The display driving chip may be provided, for example, on the extension  232 . 
     The extension  232  may be implemented with, for example, either one of a chip-on-film (COF) method or a chip-on-plastic (COP) method, but the present invention is not limited thereto. 
     The chip-on-film method adopts mounting a display driving chip on a film base connecting a display glass substrate and a flexible printed circuit board. When the extension  232  is prepared by the chip-on-film method, the extension  232  may be electrically connected to the flexible printed circuit board based on anisotropic conductive film (ACF) bonding. Here, the ACF may be of an anisotropic conductive film in which fine conductive particles (e.g., nickel, carbon, or solder ball) are mixed with adhesive resin (e.g., thermosetting resin) to make a film, so that electric current flows only in one direction. When the ACF is disposed between the extension  232  and the flexible printed circuit board (not shown) located on the rear surface of the flexible display  230  and compressed by applying heat and pressure, a conductive pattern (not shown) formed on the extension  232  may be electrically connected to a conductive pattern formed on the flexible printed circuit board through conductive particles. In this case, the adhesive resin may bond the extension  232  and the flexible printed circuit board. Electrical paths included in the extension  232  may electrically connect at least one layer (e.g., a TFT film) and the flexible printed circuit board. For example, the electrical paths may be formed in the TFT film  612  based on LTPS (Low Temperature Polycrystalline Silicon), LTPO (Low Temperature Poly-Si &amp; Oxide), or a-Si together with the TFT. 
     The chip-on-plastic method adopts mounting a display driving chip on a flexible polyimide (PI) substrate used as a display substrate. When the extension  232  is prepared by the chip-on-plastic method, the extension  232  may be formed to extend from the base film  620 . 
       FIG.  6    is a view illustrating a bending member in an unfolded state according to an embodiment.  FIG.  7    is a view illustrating a support plate and a flexible section of the bending plate according to an embodiment. And,  FIG.  8    is a diagram illustrating the bending plate disposed between the flexible display and the bending member according to an embodiment. 
     Referring not to  FIGS.  6  to  8   , the electronic device  200  may include a bending plate  270  between a plurality of bars  241  of the bending member  240  and a flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIGS.  2 A to  5 B ). 
     The bending member  240  of  FIGS.  6  and  8    may be the same as or similar to the bending member  240  of  FIGS.  4  to  5 B . 
     According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a plurality of bars  241 . The plurality of bars  241  may be provided to perform, for example, an operation of pulling in/out of the flexible display  230 . The plurality of bars  241  may be arranged in a direction parallel to each other, being spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. 
     According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a front surface  243  that may be adhered to the flexible display  230  and a rear surface  244  opposite to the front surface  243  (e.g., see  FIG.  6   ). The rear surface  244  of the bending member  240  may be adjacent to the second housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225  of  FIG.  4   ). Further, the front surface  243  of the bending member  240  may come into contact with the bending plate  270  supporting the flexible display  230 . 
     According to an embodiment, guide protrusions  242  may be formed at both ends of the bar  241  of the bending member  240 . In order to guide a movement path of the bending member  240 , the guide protrusions  242  may be located in a guide rail (e.g., the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4  or  11   ). 
     According to an embodiment, a predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) among the plurality of bars  241  may further include a locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ). The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be, for example, a hook. The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be located on the rear surface  244  of the bending member  240 . A multiplicity of the locking parts (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be arranged, for example, in portions adjacent to both ends of the plurality of bars  241  (e.g., in a first forming portion  610 ). The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be disposed in the first forming portion  610 , so that the accommodating space inside the electronic device  200  (e.g., the first receiving part  2101  of  FIG.  3 A  or the second receiving part  2201   FIG.  3 A ) can be efficiently used. Further, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be disposed on the first forming portion  610 , thereby enabling obtaining a space enough to mount electronic components on the rear surface of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to some embodiments, a plurality of locking parts (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be also arranged in the portions that are not adjacent from both ends of the plurality of bars  241 . That is, a plurality of the locking parts (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be also disposed in the portions adjacent to a central axis C of the bending member  240 . Here, the central axis C may refer to an axis extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plurality of bars  241  in the middle of the bending member  240 . 
     According to one embodiment, a multiplicity of locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be arranged to be symmetrical with respect to the central axis C of the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ). The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may move along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bar  241  when the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIGS.  2 A to  5 B ) is pulled-in or pulled-out. 
     According to an embodiment, the bending plate  270  may include a planar section  271  or a bending (curved) section  272 . The bending section  272  is a section that may be bent by the movement of a sliding frame (e.g., the sliding frame  225  of  FIG.  4   ) when the flexible display  230  is pulled-in or pulled-out. The bending plate  270  may be disposed, for example, between the bars  241  of the bending member  240  and the flexible display  230 . 
     According to an embodiment, a second adhesive member  820  may be provided between the front surface of the bending plate  270  and the rear surface of the flexible display  230 . The planar section  271  of the bending plate  270  may be adhered to, for example, a portion corresponding to a planar portion (e.g., the first region  230   a  of  FIG.  3 A ) of the flexible display  230 . Further, the bending section  272  of the bending plate  270  may be adhered to, for example, a portion corresponding to the bent portion (e.g., the second region  230   b  of  FIG.  3 A ) of the flexible display  230 . 
     According to an embodiment, a first adhesive member  810  may be provided between the rear surface of the bending plate  270  and the bending member  240 . The bending member  240  may be adhered to, for example, the bending section  272  on the rear surface of the bending plate  270 . The first adhesive member  810  may be provided only in the bending section  272  of the bending plate  270 . 
     The bending plate  270  may be formed of a metal material or a rubber material (e.g., urethane, Liquid Silicone Rubbers (LSR)), but the present invention is not limited thereto. The bending plate  270  may be formed of a material that flexibly varies with compressive force and tensile stress and has no change in thickness when applied to the compressive force and/or the tensile stress. 
     According to an embodiment, the bending section  272  of the bending plate  270  may include a support plate  272   a  and a flexible (or stretchable) section  272   b . A plurality of bars  241  may be attached to the support plate  272   a , for example. The flexible section  272   b  may include, for example, a plurality of holes or a plurality of recesses arranged in a certain interval in at least a part of its length. As the holes or a recesses are formed in the flexible section  272   b , the flexible section  272   b  may be flexibly bent. A plurality of holes may be arranged in a lattice pattern in the flexible section  272   b . When the bending portion (e.g., the second region  230   b  of  FIG.  3 A ) of the flexible display  230  moves via a curved surface (e.g., the curved surface  2251  of  FIG.  4   ) of a sliding frame (e.g., the sliding frame  225  of  FIG.  4   ).), the interval (d) of the bars  241  passing through the curved surface  2251  becomes narrower, which may then cause a local tensile stress to occur in a section between the bars  241 . This flexible section  272   b  can flexibly bend the bending member  240  to reduce interference between the bars  241  due to the tensile stress, thereby making it possible to reduce occurrence of birdcaging of the bending plate  270 . 
       FIG.  9 A  is an upper perspective view of a sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.  FIG.  9 B  is a lower perspective view of the sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to an embodiment of the disclosure.  FIG.  10    is a view illustrating a state in which the bending member is disposed on the sliding frame according to an embodiment of the disclosure. And,  FIG.  11    is a view illustrating a process of assembling a guide rail to the sliding frame on which the bending member is disposed, according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  9 A to  11   , the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210 , a second housing  220 , a flexible display  230 , a guide rail  224 , or a bending member  240 . The configuration of the second housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225 ), the bending member  240 , or the guide rail  224  as illustrated herein, may be, in part or all, substantially the same as that of the housing  220  (e.g., the sliding frame  225 ), the bending member  240 , or the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4   . 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may include a front surface  2254 , a rear surface  2255 , a curved surface  2251 , or sides  2253 . The front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225  may be a surface adjacent to the flexible display  230 . The rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  may be a surface facing opposite to the front surface  2254 . The front surface  2254  and the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  may be connected to each other by both sides  2253  and the curved surface  2251 . Both the sides  2253  of the sliding frame  225  may be formed, for example, to extend in the vertical direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225  from both the ends of the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225 . Onto one or both of the sides  2253  of the sliding frame  225  may be assembled a guide rail  224 , for example. The guide rail  224  may be, for example, coupled to the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225  by a screw coupling. For example, a plurality of screw holes  2253   a  may be formed in the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225 . The curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225  may be, for example, a surface through which the bending member  240  passes when the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  4   ) is pulled-in or pulled-out. 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may further include a stop guide  2252 . The stop guide  2252  may be provided at both ends of the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225 , for example. In other words, the stop guide  2252  may be disposed in between the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225  and the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to an embodiment, the stop guide  2252  may include a locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). The locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) of the stop guide  2252  may cause the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) of the bending member  240  to be caught. For example, when the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  4   ) is drawn out to reach its open state, the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) may cause the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) to be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ), so as to stop the movement of the bending member  240 . The locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ). 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may include an empty space of passage (e.g., a first passage  2256 ). The passage (e.g., the first passages  2256 ) may be formed according to the number of locking jaws (e.g., the first locking jaws  2252   a ). For example, when the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) is respectively provided at both ends of the curved surface  2251 , two of the passages (for example, the first passage  2256 ) may be arranged at the position corresponding to the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). The passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be formed, for example, in a direction parallel to the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225 . The passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be formed, for example, as an empty space between the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) and a position where the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) is located, in the closed state of the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  4   ). At least a portion of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be formed in, for example, the stop guide  2252  of the sliding frame  225 . The passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may, for example, extend in a planar direction along the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 , and may extend bending in the curved surface  2251  or the stop guide  2252  of the sliding frame  225 . The passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be formed, for example, being recessed inwardly in a portion adjacent to both ends of the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 . The passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be located, for example, in a region that at least partially overlaps a portion adjacent to both ends of the plurality of bars  241  (e.g., the first forming portion  610  of  FIG.  6   ). Accordingly, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) of the bending member  240  may move within the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) without contact with any other parts within the electronic device  200  until it is caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) in the pull-in and/or pull-out operation. 
       FIG.  12 A  is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device taken along a line  12   a - 12   a  of  FIG.  2 A  according to an embodiment of the disclosure.  FIG.  12 B  is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device taken along a line  12   b - 12   b  of  FIG.  3 A  according to an embodiment of the disclosure. And,  FIG.  12 C  is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device illustrating an initial state when a pull-in operation is started in  FIG.  12 B  according to an embodiment of the disclosure. 
     Referring now to  12 A to  12 C, the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210 , a second housing  220 , a flexible display  230 , a guide rail  224 , or a bending member  240 . The configuration of the first housing  210 , the second housing  220  or the bending member  240  as illustrated herein may be in part or all the same as that of the first housing  210 , the second housing  220  or the bending member  240  of  FIGS.  4  to  5 B , and  FIGS.  9 A to  10   . In particular, the configuration of the passage of the sliding frame  225  (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) illustrated herein may be in part or all the same as that of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) of the sliding frame  225  of  FIG.  9 B . In the following description, the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251  is a portion on the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225  with respect to a central part  2251   a  of the curved surface  2251 , and the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251  is a portion on the rear surface  2255  side of the sliding frame  225  with respect to the central part  2251   a  of the curved surface  2251 . 
     The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) of the bending member  240  may be located on the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  in the closed state. In the closed state, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) of the bending member  240 , may be located, for example, in a first position of the passage of the sliding frame  225  (e.g., the first passage  2256 ). Here, the first position of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be a position of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) that is farthest spaced from the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). 
     According to an embodiment, the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) with the locking part (e.g., the first stopping/locking part  2411   a ) may be, in the open state, a bar  241  positioned adjacent to the curved surface  2251 . In the open state, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be located, for example, at a second position of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) of the sliding frame  225 . Here, the second position of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) may be opposite to the first position of the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ), and may be located adjacent to the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). As another example, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be located, in the open state, in a portion where the passage (e.g., the first passage  2256 ) of the sliding frame  225  and the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) come into contact with each other. According to some embodiments, the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) with the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be, in the open state, the bar  241  positioned adjacent to the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to an embodiment, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) of the bending member  240  may include a locking surface  2411   b  or a support  2411   c . The locking surface  2411   b  may be in contact with the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ), so that the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) can be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). The support  2411   c  may be, in one end, in contact with the locking surface  2411   b , and may be, in other end, in contact with the determined bar (e.g., the first bar) including the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ). The support  2411   c  may support the locking surface  2411   b , and may connect the locking surface  2411   b  and the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ). 
     According to an embodiment, a first angle D 1  formed by the locking surface  2411   b  of the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) and a plane of the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) may vary depending on a position of the determined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) in the open state. For example, the first angle D 1  may be, in the open state, substantially the same as a second angle D 2  formed by the plane of the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) and the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). The predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) may be located on the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225 , in the open state. That is, the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) may be located at a predetermined position on the curved surface  2251 , in the open state. In the open state, the second angle D 2  formed by the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) and the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) may vary depending on where the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) is located. Accordingly, the shape of the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) can be designed so that the first angle D 1  is substantially the same as the second angle D 2 , in order for the locking surface  2411   b  to be effectively in close contact with the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) and caught on the locking jaw. 
     The sliding frame  225  may cause the bending member  240  (or the flexible display  230 ) to be pulled out by performing the pull-out operation until it reaches the open state from the closed state. When the open state is reached by the pull-out operation, the sliding frame  225  does not move any more in the pulled-out direction (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 1 )} in  FIG.  3 A ) and is caused to stop. In the pull-out operation, the bending member  240  may move in the direction of the front surface  2254  (e.g., in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} or pulled-out direction) of the sliding frame  225  with respect to the central part  2251   a  of the curved surface  2251 , owing to movement of the guide rail  224  assembled onto the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225  in the pulled-out direction (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 1 )} of  FIG.  3 A ). When the bending member  240  reaches the open state by the pulling-out operation, it can still move in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction) due to inertia, even after the sliding frame  225  stops. In such a case, as the distance between the bars  241  arranged on the upper part of the sliding frame  225  of the bending member  240  is narrowed, a phenomenon in which the bending member  240  is distorted (hereinafter, referred to as a “distortion phenomenon”). As a result, it may occur a phenomenon in which the flexible display  230  gets lifted from the sliding frame  225  or the housing (e.g., the first housing  210 ) (hereinafter, referred to as a “birdcaging or lifting phenomenon”). According to various embodiments, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be formed in a predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ), and the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) may be formed in both ends of the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225 , so that when the open state is reached in the pull-out operation, the bending member  240  may stop at a predetermined position. Therefore, it is possible to prevent or reduce the likelihood of the distortion phenomenon of the bending member  240  or the birdcaging of the flexible display  230 . 
     According to one embodiment, in the open state, a size of the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be adjusted so that a maximum or a large locking length (W) that the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) and the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ) come into contact with each other is greater than a maximum separation distance between the sliding frame  225  and the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) with the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ). Here, the maximum separation distance may be referred to as a distance that, in the open state, the predetermined bar (e.g., the first bar  2411 ) can be maximally or largely spaced apart from the curved surface  2251  within the guide rail (e.g., the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4   ). The maximum separation distance may be, for example, calculated in consideration of a first tolerance of the guide rail (e.g., the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4   ), a second tolerance of the guide protrusion  242  of the bending member  240 , or a first distance in which the guide protrusion  242  of the bending member  240  can move within the guide rail (e.g., the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4   ). The locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be formed, for example, such that the maximum or enlarged separation distance is greater than the sum of the first tolerance, the second tolerance and the first distance, and thus, in the open state, the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) may be always caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ). 
     The electronic device  200  may operate to cause the sliding frame  225  to move in the pulled-in direction (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 2 )} in  FIG.  2 A ) during the pull-in operation from the open state, thereby having the bending member  240  (or the flexible display  230 ) pulled-in. During the initial pull-in operation from the open state, the guide rail (e.g., the guide rail  224  of  FIG.  4   ) may move along the sliding frame  225  in the pulled-in direction (e.g., the direction {circle around ( 2 )} of  FIG.  2 A ) to pressure the bending member  240 . This pressure may cause the bars  241  arranged on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251  of the bending member  240  to be applied force in the direction of the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225  (e.g., in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} or the pulled-out direction), and cause the bars  241  arranged in the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251  of the bending member  240  to be applied force in the direction of the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  (e.g., in the direction {circle around ( 4 )} or the pulled-in direction). At this moment, the force applied in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction) may be offset by the locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a ) caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a ), thereby preventing or reducing a chance of a portion of the bending member  240  from moving in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction) and then allowing it to move only in the direction {circle around ( 4 )} (or the pulled-in direction), as illustrated in  FIG.  12 C . Accordingly, it is possible to prevent or reduce a chance of occurrence of distortion of the bending member  240  or birdcaging of the flexible display  230  that may occur when a portion of the bending member  240  moves in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction), during performing the pull-in operation from the open state, in the flexible display  230 . 
       FIGS.  13 A to  13 D  are cross-sectional views for explaining a locking part and a locking jaw having different shapes depending on a change in position of a predetermined bar including the locking part, in the open state, according to various embodiments. 
     A bending member  240  and/or a sliding frame  225  shown in  FIGS.  13 A to  13 D  may be coupled to a first housing  210 , a second housing  220 , a flexible display  230  and or a guide rail  224 . The configuration of the illustrated sliding frame  225  and/or bending member  240  may be substantially the same in part or all as the configuration of the sliding frame  225  or the bending member  240  of  FIGS.  4  to  5 B  and  FIGS.  10  to  12    for example. In the following description, the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251  may be a portion on the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225  with respect to the central part  2251   a  of the curved surface  2251 , and the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251  may be a portion on the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  with respect to the central part  2251   a  of the curved surface  2251 . 
     According to another embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a predetermined bar (e.g., the second bar  1310   a  in  FIG.  13 A ) positioned on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 , in an open state. A locking jaw (e.g., the second locking jaw  1320   a ) may be disposed on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 , in response to the predetermined bar (e.g., the second bar  1310   a ). The locking jaw (e.g., the second locking jaw  1320   a ) may be formed, for example, in the direction (e.g., x-axis direction) substantially parallel to the plane (e.g., the front surface  2254  or the rear surface  2255 ) of the sliding frame  225 . The locking part (e.g., the second locking part  1311   a ) may be caused to be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the second locking jaw  1320   a ), during the pull-in operation from the open state, thereby preventing or reducing a chance of the bending member  240  from moving in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction), and thus, effectively preventing or reducing a chance of the predetermined bar (e.g., the second bar  1310   a ) on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251  from being lifted in the direction (e.g., the z-axis direction) substantially perpendicular to the plane of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to another embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a predetermined bar (e.g., a third bar  1310   b  in  FIG.  13 B ) positioned adjacent to the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225  of the upper parts  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 , in the open state. In response to the predetermined bar (e.g., the third bar  1310   b ), a locking jaw (e.g., the third locking jaw  1320   b ) may be disposed on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 . The locking jaw (e.g., the third locking jaw  1320   b ) may be formed, for example, in an oblique direction. For example, the locking jaw (e.g., the third locking jaw  1320   b ) may be formed to make an angle of approximately 45 degrees with the plane (e.g., the front surface  2254  or the rear surface  2255 ) of the sliding frame  225 . The locking part (e.g., the third locking part  1311   b ) may be caused to be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the third locking jaw  1320   b ) during the pull-in operation from the open state, thereby preventing or reduce a chance of the bending member  240  from moving in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or the pulled-out direction), and thus, preventing, or reduce a chance of, to some extent the predetermined bar (e.g., the third bar  1310   b ) on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251  from being lifted in the direction (e.g., the z-axis direction) substantially perpendicular to the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame  225 . 
     According to another embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a predetermined bar (e.g., a fourth bar  1310   c  in  FIG.  13 C ) positioned on the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 , in an open state. In response to the predetermined bar (e.g., the fourth bar  1310   c ), a locking jaw (e.g., the fourth locking jaw  1320   c ) may be disposed on the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 . The locking jaw (e.g., the fourth locking jaw  1320   c ) may be formed, for example, in the direction (e.g., the z-axis direction) substantially perpendicular to the plane (e.g., the front surface  2254  or the rear surface  2255 ) of the sliding frame  225 . The locking part (e.g., the fourth locking part  1311   c ) may be caused to be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the fourth locking jaw  1320   c ) during the pull-in operation from the open state, thereby guiding the bending member  240  to move in the direction {circle around ( 4 )} (or in the pulled-in direction). 
     According to another embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a predetermined bar (e.g., a fifth bar  1310   d  in  FIG.  13 D ) located adjacent to the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225  of the lower parts  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 , or located on the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame, in the open state. In response to the predetermined bar (e.g., the fifth bar  1310   d  in  FIG.  13 D ), a locking jaw (e.g., a fifth locking jaw  1320   d ) may be disposed on the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251  or on the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 . The locking jaw (e.g., the fifth locking jaw  1320   d ) may be, for example, in the direction (e.g., z axial direction) substantially perpendicular to the plane of the sliding frame  225  (e.g., the front surface  2254  or the rear surface  2255 ). The locking part (e.g., the fifth locking part  1311   d ) may be caused to be caught on the locking jaw (e.g., the fifth locking jaw  1320   d ) during the pull-in operation from the open state, thereby guiding the bending member  240  to move in the direction {circle around ( 4 )} direction (or in the pulled-in direction). 
     According to various embodiments, the bending member  240  may be formed of a combination of two or more of the first bar to the fifth bar. Accordingly, the sliding frame  225  may include a structure corresponding to the above-described combination among the first locking jaw to the fifth locking jaw. According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a locking part on the bar at two places, as shown in  FIGS.  14  to  16 B . Hereinafter, the structure will be described in more detail. 
       FIG.  14    is a view illustrating an unfolded state of the bending member according to another embodiment.  FIG.  15 A  is an upper perspective view of the sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to another embodiment.  FIG.  15 B  is a lower perspective view of the sliding frame with its stop guide enlarged, according to another embodiment.  FIG.  16 A  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device in a closed state, according to another embodiment. And,  FIG.  16 B  is a cross-sectional view of an electronic device in an open state, according to another embodiment. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  14  to  16 B , the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210 , a second housing  220 , a flexible display  230 , a guide rail  224 , or a bending member  240 . The illustrated configuration of the first housing  210 , the second housing  220  or the bending member  240  may be substantially the same in part or all as the configuration of the first housing  210 , the second housing  220  or the bending member  240  as shown in  FIGS.  4  to  6    and  FIGS.  9 A to  12   . 
     According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may include a plurality of bars  241 . The plurality of bars  241  may be arranged, for example, in the direction parallel to each other, and spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval. 
     According to an embodiment, the bending member  240  may include the plurality of bars  241 , of which two or more predetermined bars (e.g., the sixth bar  1410  or the seventh bar  1420 ) may include locking part s (e.g., the sixth locking part  1411  or the seventh locking part  1421 ). The sixth bar  1410  may include, for example, two sixth locking parts  1411  each positioned to the left and right symmetrically with respect to the central part C of the bending member  240 . Multiple sixth locking parts  1411  may be disposed, for example, in portions adjacent to both ends of the bar  241  (e.g., in a second forming portion  1430 ). The seventh bar  1420  may include, for example, two seventh locking parts  1421  each arranged to the left or right symmetrically with respect to the central part C of the bending member  240 . Multiple seventh locking parts  1421  may be disposed, for example, in portions adjacent to both ends of the bar  241  and not overlapping the second forming portion  1430  (e.g., in a third forming portion  1440 ). Since the second forming portion  1430  and the third forming portion  1440  do not overlap each other, the sixth and seventh locking parts  1411  and  1421  may be disposed in parallel to each other. For example, the second forming portion  1430  may be located further out of the bars  241  than the third forming portion  1440 . Accordingly, the sixth locking part  1411  and the seventh locking part  1421  may have different moving paths that do not overlap each other during the pull-in and/or pull-out operation. 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may include a stop guide  1500 . The stop guide  1500  may be provided, for example, at both ends of the curved surface  2251  of the sliding frame  225 , respectively. The stop guide  1500  may include, for example, a plurality of locking jaws (e.g., the sixth locking jaw  1510  or the seventh locking jaw  1520 ). The sixth locking jaw  1510  may cause, for example, the sixth stopping/locking part  1411  to be caught. The seventh locking jaw  1520  may cause, for example, the seventh locking part  1421  to be caught. When the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  4   ) is drawn out to reach the open state, the sixth and seventh locking parts  1411  and  1421  may be respectively caught on the sixth locking jaw  1510  and the seventh locking jaw  1520 , thereby causing the movement of the bending member  240  to stop. The sixth locking jaw  1510  may be disposed, for example, on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 . Further, the seventh locking jaw  1520  may be disposed, for example, on the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 . According to some embodiments, both the sixth and seventh locking jaws  1510  and  1520  may be disposed either on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 , or on the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 . 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may include an empty space of passage (e.g., a second passage  1530  or a third passage  1540 ). 
     The second passage  1530  may be formed, for example, according to the number of the sixth locking jaws  1510 . The second passage  1530  may include, for example, two second passages each arranged at a position corresponding to the sixth locking jaw  1510 , in case where each sixth locking jaw  1510  is provided at both ends of the curved surface  2251 . The second passage  1530  may be formed, for example, as an empty space between the sixth locking part  1510  and a position where the sixth locking part  1411  is located in the closed state. The second passage  1530  may be located, for example, in a region at least partially overlapping the portions adjacent to both ends of the bar  241  (e.g., the second forming portion  1430  of  FIG.  14   ). 
     The third passage  1540  may be formed, for example, according to the number of the seventh locking jaws  1520 . The third passage  1540  may include, for example, two third passages each arranged at a position corresponding to the seventh locking jaw  1520 , in case where each seventh locking jaw  1520  is provided at both ends of the curved surface  2251 . The third passage  1540  may be formed, for example, as an empty space between the seventh locking part  1520  and a position where the seventh locking part  1421  is located, in the closed state. The third passage  1540  may be located, for example, in a region at least partially overlapping the portions adjacent to both ends of the bar  241  (e.g., the third forming portion  1440  of  FIG.  14   ). 
     The passage (e.g., the second passage  1530  or the third passage  1540 ) may be formed, for example, to at least partially extend in the direction parallel to the side  2253  of the sliding frame  225 . The second passage  1530  and the third passage  1540  may be disposed not to overlap each other, for example. The second passage  1530  and the third passage  1540  may be disposed to be parallel to each other, for example. 
     In the closed state of the electronic device  200 , the locking parts (e.g., the sixth locking part  1411  or the seventh locking part  1421 ) may be arranged on the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 , as shown in  FIG.  16 A . As the pull-out operation is performed in the closed state of the electronic device  200 , the locking parts (e.g., the sixth locking part  1411  or the seventh locking part  1421 ) may move in the direction {circle around ( 3 )} (or in the pulled-out direction) along the passages (e.g., the second passage  1530  or the third passage  1540 ). Since the second passage  1530  and the third passage  1540  do not overlap each other, the sixth locking part  1411  may pass through the seventh locking jaw  1520  located in the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface  2251 , and then, may be caught on the sixth locking jaw  1510  located on the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface  2251 . As shown in  FIG.  16 B , when the sixth locking part  1411  is caught on the sixth locking jaw  1510 , the seventh locking part  1421  may also be caught on the seventh locking jaw  1520 . The present disclosure provides a plurality of locking parts (e.g., the sixth locking part  1411  or the seventh locking part  1421 ) as well as a plurality of locking jaws (e.g.,  1510  and/or  1520 ), thereby allowing the force applied to the bending member  240  to be dispersed. 
       FIG.  17    is an enlarged plan view of a portion of the sliding frame according to another embodiment. 
     According to an embodiment, when the bending member  240  includes three locking parts arranged in different bars, the stop guide  2252  of the sliding frame  225  may include three locking jaws  1710 ,  1720  or  1730 . These three locking jaws  1710 ,  1720  or  1730  may be arranged in parallel, and in the open state, may come into contact with the locking part corresponding to each of the locking jaws. 
       FIG.  18    is a cross-sectional view illustrating the bending member and the sliding frame according to another embodiment. And,  FIG.  19    is a perspective view illustrating a part of the bar determined in  FIG.  18   . 
     Referring not  FIGS.  18  and  19   , the electronic device  200  may include a first housing  210 , a second housing  220 , a flexible display  230 , a guide rail  224 , or a bending member  240 . The configuration of the illustrated sliding frame  225  or bending member  240  may be substantially the same in part or in whole as the configuration of the sliding frame  225  or the bending member  240  of  FIGS.  4  to  6    and  FIGS.  9 A to  12   . In the following descriptions of the bending member  240 , some description of a portion overlapping the configuration of the bending member  240  described with reference to  FIGS.  4  to  6    will be omitted. 
     According to an embodiment, a predetermined bar (e.g., eighth bar  1810 ) of a plurality of bars of the bending member  240  may include a locking part (e.g., an eighth locking part  1811 ). The locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may be formed of, for example, an elastic member. The locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may be, for example, a leaf spring. The locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may be coupled to, for example, a coupling groove  1812  formed adjacent to both ends of a predetermined bar (e.g., the eighth bar  1810 ). According to another embodiment, the locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may be integrally formed with a predetermined bar (e.g., the eighth bar  1810 ). 
     According to an embodiment, the sliding frame  225  may include a protrusion  1820 . The protrusion  1820  may be formed, for example, on a portion of the curved surface  2251  and the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame  225 . The protrusion  1820  may be formed, for example, on a path through which the locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) travels between the closed state and the open state. 
     According to an embodiment, the protrusion  1820  may include a locking jaw (e.g., the eighth locking jaw  1821 ). The locking jaw (e.g., the eighth locking jaw  1821 ) may be configured to stop the bending member  240  by causing the locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) to be caught, in the open state. The locking jaw (e.g., the eighth locking jaw  1821 ) may be formed to extend in the vertical direction from an end of the protrusion  1820 , for example. 
     According to an embodiment, the locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may move in contact with the protrusion  1820  during the pull-in and pull-out operations. The locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) may move in contact with the protrusion  1820 , while being compressed and stretched depending on the shape of protrusion of the protrusion  1820 . Even when the sliding frame  225  stops in an intermediate state during the pull-out operation due to the contact between the locking part (e.g., the eighth locking part  1811 ) and the protrusion  1820 , it is possible for the bending member  240  to stop at an accurate position to prevent or reduce a chance of occurrence a birdcaging phenomenon of the flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  4   ). 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, an electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  200  of  FIG.  2 A ) may comprise a housing (e.g., the first housing  210  of  FIG.  2 A ); a sliding frame (e.g., the sliding frame  225  of  FIG.  4   ), at least a portion of which is drawn out from the housing in a first direction during a pull-out operation, or at least a portion of which is retracted into the housing in a second direction opposite to the first direction during a pull-in operation, the sliding frame including a curved surface (e.g., the curved surface  2251  of  FIG.  4   ) formed by bending at its side; a flexible display (e.g., the flexible display  230  of  FIG.  2 A ) disposed in a space defined by the housing and the sliding frame, the flexible display including a first region (e.g., the first region  230   a  of  FIG.  3 A ) visually visible from the outside, and a second region (e.g., the second region  230   b  of  FIG.  3 A ) extending from the first region and varying in size depending on a pulled-in or pulled-out state of the sliding frame; and a bending member (e.g., the bars  241  of  FIG.  6   ) disposed on a rear surface of the flexible display, the bending member including a plurality of bars arranged in a certain interval to support the flexible display, wherein the bending member comprises a first bar (e.g., the first bar  2411  of  FIG.  6   ) including at least one first locking part (e.g., the first locking part  2411   a  of  FIG.  6   ) protruding in an inner direction of the electronic device, among the plurality of bars, and wherein the sliding frame comprises at least one locking jaw (e.g., the first locking jaw  2252   a  of  FIG.  9 A ) configured to cause the at least one first locking part to be caught at a predetermined position in its open state. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the first bar may be positioned adjacent to the curved surface in the open state. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, when the first bar is located on an upper part of the curved surface (e.g., the upper part  2251   b  of the curved surface of  FIG.  12 A ), in the open state, the at least one locking jaw may be located on the upper part of the curved surface. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may be formed in a direction parallel to a front surface of the sliding frame (e.g., the front surface  2254  of the sliding frame of  FIG.  9 A ). 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, when the first bar is located in a lower part of the curved surface (e.g., the lower part  2251   c  of the curved surface in  FIG.  12 A ), in the open state, the at least one locking jaw may be located on the lower part of the curved surface. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the first bar may be located, in the open state, on a rear surface of the sliding frame (e.g., the rear surface  2255  of the sliding frame of  FIG.  9 A ). 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may be disposed adjacent to the curved surface on the rear surface of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may be formed in a direction perpendicular to an upper surface of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part may be disposed adjacent to both ends of the first bar. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, an even number of the at least one first locking part may be disposed adjacent to both ends of the bar so that they are symmetrical with respect to the center of the first bar (e.g., the center (C) of the bending member of  FIG.  6   ). 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may be disposed adjacent to both ends of the curved surface. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the sliding frame may include at least one passage of an empty space (e.g., the first passage  2256  of  FIG.  9 B ) formed in a path through which the at least one first locking part travels in a pull-in and/or pull-out operation of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the bending member may comprise a second bar (e.g., the seventh bar  1420  of  FIG.  14   ) including at least one second locking part (e.g., the seventh locking part  1421  of  FIG.  14   ) protruding in an inner direction of the electronic device among the plurality of bars, and the first locking part and the second locking part may be arranged, in the pull-in and/or pull-out operation of the sliding frame, so that the travelling path of the first locking part and the travelling path of the second locking part do not overlap each other. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one locking jaw may comprise at least one first locking jaw (e.g., any of the first through seventh locking jaw, with an example being  1510  in  FIG.  15 A ) caught on the at least one first locking part and disposed on the upper part of the curved surface, and at least one second locking jaw (e.g., any other locking jaw, with an example being  1520  in  FIG.  15 A ) caught on the at least one second locking part and disposed on the lower part of the curved surface. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the sliding frame may comprise at least one first passage (e.g., the second passage  1530  of  FIG.  15 B ) formed in a path through which the at least one first locking part travels, and at least one second passage (e.g., the third passage  1540  of  FIG.  15 B ) formed in a path through which the at least one second locking part travels, in the pull-in or pull-out operation of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first passage and the at least one second passage may not overlap each other. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the maximum or enlarged locking length (e.g., the maximum locking length W of  FIG.  12 B ) overlapping in case where the at least one first locking part is caught on the at least one locking jaw may be greater than the maximum or enlarged separation distance between the first bar and the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part may comprise a locking surface (e.g., the locking surface  2411   b  of  FIG.  12 A ) configured to be caught on the at least one locking jaw, and an angle formed by the locking surface and the plane of the first bar (e.g., the first angle D 1  of  FIG.  12 A ) may be formed, in the open state, to be the same as an angle formed by the plane of the first bar and the locking jaw (e.g., the second angle D 2  of  FIG.  12 B ). 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the bending member may be attached to a portion of the rear surface of the flexible display. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the open state may be a state in which the second region is maximized or enlarged. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part and the at least one locking jaw may be configured to prevent or reduce a chance of the flexible display from being lifted from the housing or the sliding frame, in the pull-out operation of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part and the at least one locking jaw may be configured to prevent or reduce a chance of the flexible display from being lifted from the housing or the sliding frame, in performing the pull-in operation from the open state of the sliding frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part and the at least one locking jaw may be configured to prevent or reduce a chance of distortion of the bending member, in the pull-out operation of the sliding frame, due to narrowing of a gap between the bars. 
     According to an embodiment of the disclosure, the at least one first locking part and the at least one locking jaw may be configured to prevent or reduce a chance of distortion of the bending member, in the pull-in operation of the sliding frame, due to narrowing of the gap between the bars. 
     The electronic device according to various embodiments may be one of various types of electronic devices. The electronic devices may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a home appliance. According to an embodiment, the electronic devices are not limited to those described above. 
     It should be appreciated that various embodiments and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technological features set forth herein to particular embodiments and include various changes, equivalents, or replacements for a corresponding embodiment. With regard to the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related elements. It is to be understood that a singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the things, unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, each of such phrases as “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B,” “A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” and “at least one of A, B, or C,” may include any one of, or all possible combinations of the items enumerated together in a corresponding one of the phrases. As used herein, such terms as “1st” and “2nd,” or “first” and “second” may be used to simply distinguish a corresponding component from another, and does not limit the components in other aspect (e.g., importance or order). It is to be understood that if an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to, with or without the term “operatively” or “communicatively”, as “coupled with”, “coupled to”, “connected with”, or “connected to” another element (e.g., a second element), it means that the element may be coupled with the other element directly (e.g., wiredly), wirelessly, or via at least a third element. 
     As used in connection with various embodiments of the disclosure, the term “module” may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be interchangeably used with other terms, for example, “logic,” “logic block,” “part,” or “circuitry”. A module may be a single integral component, or a minimum unit or part thereof, adapted to perform one or more functions. For example, according to an embodiment, the module may be implemented in a form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). 
     Various embodiments as set forth herein may be implemented as software (e.g., the program  140 ) including one or more instructions that are stored in a storage medium (e.g., an internal memory  136  or an external memory  138 ) that is readable by a machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ). For example, a processor (e.g., the processor  120 ) of the machine (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) may invoke at least one of the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium, and execute it, with or without using one or more other components under the control of the processor. This allows the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one instruction invoked. The one or more instructions may include a code generated by a complier or a code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Wherein, the term “non-transitory” simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device, and does not include a signal (e.g., an electromagnetic wave), but this term does not differentiate between where data is semi-permanently stored in the storage medium and where the data is temporarily stored in the storage medium. 
     According to an embodiment, a method according to various embodiments may be included and provided in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM)), or be distributed (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) online via an application store (e.g., PlayStore™), or between two user devices (e.g., smart phones) directly. If distributed online, at least part of the computer program product may be temporarily generated or at least temporarily stored in the machine-readable storage medium, such as memory of the manufacturer&#39;s server, a server of the application store, or a relay server. 
     According to various embodiments of the disclosure, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include a single entity or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separately disposed in different components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the above-described components may be omitted, or one or more other components may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., modules or programs) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, according to various embodiments, the integrated component may still perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components in the same or similar manner as they are performed by a corresponding one of the plurality of components before the integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, the program, or another component may be carried out sequentially, in parallel, repeatedly, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order or omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.