Patent Publication Number: US-2002010458-A1

Title: Electrical surgical apparatus including personal computer

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001] An electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer for displaying, recording, and transmitting surgical data parameters and audio/video information regarding a particular surgery, and methods of operating the electrical surgical apparatus and methods of surgery. A preferred embodiment utilizes a personal computer operating on WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 software. An example of an electrical surgical apparatus according to the present invention is a phacoemulsification apparatus for conducting eye surgery.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002] There exists many surgical instruments and apparatus for conducting surgical procedures on animals and humans. Many of these instruments are electrical surgical instruments and include various electrical devices for powering and controlling the surgical instruments.  
       [0003] Currently, most electrical surgical instruments are custom configured and designed for one or more particular surgical applications. These surgical instruments utilize analog and/or digital sensing and control equipment and devices. The outputs from these sensors and controls can be visually displayed on a monitor associated with the electrical surgical instrument.  
       [0004] The information displayed is based on custom software developed with the operating system of the electrical surgical instrument. An instrument designer and/or programmer develops the particular custom hardware and software configurations for displaying the desired information.  
       [0005] In the past, it is believed that electrical surgical apparatus have not been interfaced with a personal computer being operated by WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 software. The present invention is designed and configured to make the personal computer interface highly reliable and dependable, and suitable for use in controlling an electrical surgical apparatus.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0006] An object of the present invention is to provide an improved electrical surgical apparatus.  
       [0007] A second object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer.  
       [0008] A third object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS 98 software.  
       [0009] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer for displaying and recording information relating to the surgery.  
       [0010] A fifth object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer and a highly reliable and dependable personal computer interface.  
       [0011] A sixth object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including a personal computer configured for transmitting information relating to the surgery via telephone or internet systems.  
       [0012] A seventh object of the present invention is to provide an electrical surgical apparatus including an electrical surgical device acting as a master and a personal computer acting as a slave.  
       [0013] An eighth object of the present invention is to provide an improved phacoemulsification apparatus.  
       [0014] A ninth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemulsification apparatus including a personal computer.  
       [0015] A tenth object of the present invention is to provide a phacoemulsification apparatus including a personal computer operated by WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS 98 software.  
       [0016] The present invention relates to electrical surgical apparatus. The electrical surgical apparatus utilizes electrical energy or power for operating one or more functions of the apparatus. Typically, the apparatus would be connected via a power cord to a conventional power source (e.g. 110-115 volt, 15 amp ac wall outlet), or a non-conventional power source with additional power converting equipment.  
       [0017] The present invention particularly relates to electrical surgical apparatus configured to include 1) a control console; 2) separate surgical hand piece electrically connected (e.g. via cable or wire) to the control console; and 3) personal computer.  
       [0018] The control console will typically include a power source (e.g. power cord), power supply for powering the control console circuitry and hand piece, control circuit board(s), driver circuit board(s) for powering the hand piece, and other electrical equipment and devices for controlling and operating the separate surgical hand piece. The control console can be a separate stand alone unit, or can be integrated with the personal computer into a signal cabinet or case. A preferred configuration is with a movable stand supporting the console, and a movable arm supporting the personal computer with a display above the control console.  
       [0019] The surgical hand piece can include an electrical motor, transducer, ultrasonic transducer, magnetostrictive transducer, cooler, heater, electromagnetic generator, cauterizer, cutter, grinder, milling device, drill, laser, light source, and/or other suitable electrical components to conduct various surgical operations. A specific example is a hand piece for a phacoemulsification apparatus for conducting eye surgery for removal of the natural lens of an eye. The hand piece can use a needle driven by an ultrasonic or magnetostrictive transducer, or alternatively, a needle or probe provided with a high speed cutting bit for breaking the natural lens into tiny pieces to be removed through a small incision (e.g. by fluid irrigation and vacuum removal).  
       [0020] The personal computer utilized in the present invention is preferably an IBM compatible DOS based personal computer, WINDOWS 95 and/or WINDOWS 98 based personal computer, or MACINTOSH personal computer, since the current software is user friendly, and there exists substantial software applications for these computer systems. Most preferably, the personal computer is loaded and operated with Microsoft WINDOWS 95 and WINDOWS 98 software.  
       [0021] The personal computer is electrically connected to the console via an electrical cable connected to an isolated serial port of the personal computer. The electrical surgical apparatus is configured to send surgical parameters data from the console to the personal computer via the electrical cable connect to the isolated serial port of the personal computer. Further, the electrical surgical apparatus is configured so that the console acts as a master and the personal computer acts as a slave. If the personal computer experiences a crash, the operation of the control console is not affected.  
       [0022] In the application of the present invention to a phacoemulsification apparatus, the surgical parameters data communicated from the console to the personal computer, for example, may include ultrasonic power level of hand piece, pressure and/or flow within the infusion line, vacuum and/or flow within the aspiration line, flow within the liquid bypass line, peristaltic pump speed, phaco sleeve temperature, diathermy power, footswitch position, mode of operation, mode(s) of information display, modes of data storage and transmission, etc.  
       [0023] The personal computer interface provides the following functions, including:  
       [0024] 1) collecting surgical parameters data in real time during the surgical procedure;  
       [0025] 2) displaying a menu similar to the menu displayed by the control console such that different functions can be selected either by using a personal computer mouse, keyboard, touch screen, or the control console;  
       [0026] 3) displaying the surgical parameters data as continuous graphs as a function of time;  
       [0027] 4) storing the surgical parameters data in a data base file;  
       [0028] 5) capturing a video signal from a camera placed on the surgical microscope and displaying the picture of the eye undergoing the surgical procedure; and  
       [0029] 6) storing the picture on a recordable compact disc (CD) as a function of time.  
       [0030] When visualizing a surgical procedure, the personal computer will associate the name of the file from the compact disc with the name of the file in the data base. Both files are then synchronized in time and displayed in separate windows. Other pertinent data can be computed from the surgical parameters and displayed such as the temperature of the ultrasonic tip which is a function of the ultrasonic power, aspirated flow and incision leak. 
     
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
     [0031]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.  
     [0032]FIG. 2 is a detailed front elevational view of the control console component of the phacoemulsification apparatus shown in FIG. 1.  
     [0033]FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of the control console shown in FIG. 2.  
     [0034]FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view of the control console shown in FIG. 2.  
     [0035]FIG. 2 is a top elevational view inside the control console shown in FIG. 2.  
     [0036]FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a movable pivot arm to be connected to the back of the stand to support the personal computer above the control console.  
     [0037]FIG. 7 is a front elevational view of the personal computer component of the phacoemulsification apparatus shown in FIG. 1.  
     [0038]FIG. 8 is a right side elevational view of the personal computer shown in FIG. 7.  
     [0039]FIG. 9 is a top planar view of the personal computer shown in FIG. 7.  
     [0040]FIG. 10 is a schematic bottom view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in FIG. 7.  
     [0041]FIG. 11 is a schematic right side view showing the external connectors and ports of the personal computer shown in FIG. 7. in the phacoemulsification apparatus shown in FIG. 1. 
    
    
     PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
     [0042] A particular example of an electrical surgical apparatus according to the present invention is a phacoemulsification apparatus to be described in detail below. The phacoemulsification apparatus comprises five (5) main components, including control console  10 , personal computer  20 , hand piece  30 , foot pedal  40 , and movable stand  50 .  
     [0043] I. Control Console  
     [0044] The control console  10  is provided with a display  12 , touch control buttons  14   a  and  14   b,  removable tubing cassette  16   a  and stationary tubing holder  16   b , peristaltic pump  17 , and vacuum sensor  18  provided on a front panel thereof, as shown in FIG. 2. The front panel is also provided with an ultrasonic supply jack  19   a  for connecting a cable leading to the hand piece  30 , and additional ports  19   b ,  19   c  and  19   d.  The back panel of the control console  10  is provided with a conventional AC power jack  
     [0045] The console encloses various electrical components, including circuit board  10   a  and micro-controller  10   b.    
     II. Personal Computer  
     [0046] The personal computer  20  is provided with an integral screen  22  and remote keyboard  24  wired to the personal computer  20 . The personal computer  20  is supported above the console  10  by a movable swing arm  42 , as shown in FIG. 6, which is mounted to the back of the stand  40 . The movable swing arm  42  allows a user to pivot the personal computer along a substantially vertical axis, and the movable swing arm can also be configured to provide additional axis of movement (e.g. tilting up and down, twisting, etc.).  
     [0047] The personal computer for use in the present invention can have various configurations. A notebook type personal computer is preferable due to its compact size. However, a personal computer  20  having the personal computer and screen integrated into a single unit with a remote keyboard  24  is currently most preferred.  
     [0048] An example of a suitable personal computer for use with a phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention is as follows:  
     [0049] 1) IBM AT compatible personal computer with integrated super I/O;  
     [0050] 2) VGA card;  
     [0051] 3) touchscreen control;  
     [0052] 4) ethernet 10BT with an external floppy interface;  
     [0053] 5) built in 12.1 TFT Color LCD with a MAX of 800×600 resolution;  
     [0054] 6) Pentium MMX 233 megahertz processor with 128K cache, 32 megabytes of onboard memory;  
     [0055] 7) 2 megabytes video memory;  
     [0056] 8) 6 gigabytes hard disk drive;  
     [0057] 9) one (1) PCI slot;  
     [0058] 10) SNAZZI video capture card for the one (1) PCI slot;  
     [0059] 11) optional external CD Rom record  
     [0060] The SNAZZI video capture card is independent of the built in VGA card and provides hardware compression at 11 MB/minute. This equates roughly to 60 minutes of video on one compact disc. The quality of this capture and compression is excellent.  
     [0061] The system will, as an option, also support an external CD Rom recorder. This will allow the digital storage of videos captured using the SNAZZI card. The Hard Drive will be capable of storing roughly six (6) hours of video (363 minutes).  
     [0062] The personal computer  20  is provided with the following I/O arrangement, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.  
     [0063] 20   a —AC inlet  
     [0064] 20   b —Ethernet phone jack  
     [0065] 20   c —Expansion outlet  
     [0066] 20   d —VGA port IF  
     [0067] 20   e —4×serial ports  
     [0068] 20   f 4×digital inputs/outputs  
     [0069] 20   g —Parallel port  
     [0070] 20   h —Keyboard  
     [0071] 20   i —PS/2 mouse  
     [0072] 20   j —External FDD  
     [0073] The personal computer is preferably programmed to communicate with the control console by using a check sum approach. Specifically, the amount of bits of data being sent precedes the actual data being sent. This ensures that the data being sent from the personal computer is correct as opposed to having errors from the personal computer crashing. This packaging of information provides redundancy to allow highly reliable communication between the personal computer and control console.  
     [0074] The control console can also provide with voice activation hardware and/or software to allow a user to voice active certain operations (e.g. operating mode) of the control console.  
     [0075] III. Phacoemulsification Hand Piece  
     [0076] The phacoemulsification hand piece  30  can be a conventional ultrasonic type hand piece including an ultrasonic transducer located within a housing  32 . An ultrasonically driven needle is connected to the hand piece  30  and provided with an outer resilient sleeve (e.g. made of highly resilient silicone material).  
     [0077] IV. Foot Pedal  
     [0078] A conventional multi-position foot pedal can be used with the phacoemulsification apparatus according to the present invention.  
     [0079] V. Stand  
     [0080] The stand  50  is custom designed to support the other components of the phacoemulsification apparatus to facilitate easy and effective operation thereof.  
     [0081] The stand  50  is provided with a set of coaster wheels  52  (e.g. locking and non-locking type combinations) to allow a user to maneuver the phacoemulsification into position during an operation or later for storage.  
     [0082] The stand  50  is provided with an upper shelf  54  defining a top panel of the stand  50  for supporting the console  10  thereon. A lower inner shelf  56  is provided for supporting the key board  24 .  
     [0083] The stand  50  is provided with a side support  58  including fixed telescoping portion  58   a,  and adjustable height telescoping portion  58   b.  The telescoping portion  58   b  is provided with a pair of irrigation bag loop supports  60  and  62  each having a pair of supporting loops. The loop supports  60  and  62  are located at different heights to provided the potential implementation of multiple irrigation bags in some system configurations (e.g. to provide variable or adjustable irrigation pressure).