Patent Publication Number: US-11652296-B2

Title: Microstrip antenna and microstrip antenna module including the same

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application claims the benefit under 35 USC 119(a) of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2020-0167486 filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Dec. 3, 2020, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. 
     BACKGROUND 
     1. Field 
     The present disclosure relates to a microstrip antenna and a microstrip antenna module including the same. 
     2. Description of the Background 
     Data consumption is increasing exponentially as a wireless communication market greatly develops. In order to meet demand for the increase in this wireless communication traffic, a millimeter wave band capable of securing a wider bandwidth, not a saturated existing frequency band, is in the spotlight. Since the millimeter wave has a short wavelength due to characteristics of radio waves, it has an advantage of transmitting a large capacity of information as it may down-size antennas and devices and may use a wide bandwidth, and particularly, 60 GHz band Wireless Gigabit (WiGig) technology development is actively underway. 
     The WiGig is an ultra-high-speed short-range wireless communication standard operating in the 60 GHz frequency band, and is a technology that is optimized for short-range transmission between devices of a digital image service. It is a technology that wirelessly replaces an HDMI cable (an optical cable) in a field of high-speed image transmission between devices that an existing Wi-Fi could not reach due to a limitation of a transmission speed, and as non-compression large capacity motion picture transmission using a fast transmission speed becomes possible, it is expected to be used for various multimedia devices in the future. 
     Recently, an antenna technology has focused on down-sizing and a beamforming technology. In the widely used microstrip antenna, an effective antenna space has reduced due to the light, thin, short, and small size of mobile devices, and it is difficult to perform beamforming because the beam is formed in a unique direction. 
     The above information is presented as background information only to assist with an understanding of the present disclosure. No determination has been made, and no assertion is made, as to whether any of the above might be applicable as prior art with regard to the disclosure. 
     SUMMARY 
     This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
     In one general aspect, an antenna includes a substrate, a radiation portion connected to a feed line, disposed on a layer of the substrate, and including a conductor including an opening, and a coupling member connected to a ground portion and disposed within the opening spaced apart from the conductor by a gap. 
     The radiation portion and the coupling member may be disposed at least partially on the same layer. 
     The radiation portion may include a first edge and a second edge facing each other, and the feed line may be disposed closer to the first edge of the radiation portion than the opening. 
     The opening may be elongated along the second edge of the radiation portion. 
     The coupling member may include a plurality of circular pads spaced apart from each other within the opening. 
     The opening may include a plurality of concave portions respectively corresponding to the plurality of circular pads and formed such that the conductor is protruded to surround the edge shape of each circular pad. 
     The coupling member may include a strip-shaped pad elongated along the edge of the opening. 
     The opening may include a plurality of circular openings spaced apart from each other along the second edge of the radiation portion. 
     The coupling member may include a plurality of circular pads each positioned to correspond to a circular opening of the plurality of circular openings. 
     The radiation portion may be disposed to be biased to one side on the substrate so that the first edge is aligned with one edge of the substrate. 
     The coupling member may be connected to the ground portion through a conductive via extending in a thickness direction of the substrate, and the coupling member may have a greater width than the diameter of the conductive via. 
     The antenna may be a microstrip antenna. 
     The substrate may be a dielectric material. 
     An electronic device may include the antenna. 
     The electronic device may further include one or more of a dipole antenna and a radiation patch. 
     In another general aspect, an antenna module includes a substrate, at least one antenna disposed on one surface of the substrate, and at least one electronic element mounted on an other surface of the substrate. The antenna includes a radiation portion connected to a feed line, disposed on a layer of the substrate, and including a conductor having an opening, and a coupling member connected to a ground portion and disposed within the opening spaced apart from the conductor by a gap. 
     An electronic device may include the antenna module. 
     The antenna module may further include one or more of a dipole antenna and a radiation patch. 
     In another general aspect, an antenna includes a radiation portion including a conductor, an opening through the conductor configured to surround a coupling member in the opening with a gap between the conductor and the coupling member, and a feed portion disposed spaced apart from the opening, wherein the opening and the feed portion are disposed at facing edges of the conductor. 
     The antenna may further include a feed line connected to the feed portion, and the coupling member disposed in the opening connected to a ground portion through a substrate, wherein the conductor may be disposed on the substrate. 
     The coupling member may include a plurality of pads disposed in a row near an edge of the facing edges opposite to the feed portion. 
     The opening may include a plurality of openings connected to each other and corresponding to the plurality of pads. 
     The antenna may further include a via connected to the ground portion, and extending to the coupling member, wherein the coupling member may extend from the via toward the conductor in the opening. 
     In another general aspect, an electronic device includes an antenna including a radiation portion having an opening and a feed portion spaced apart from the opening, wherein the opening and the feed portion are disposed at facing edges of the radiation portion, and a coupling member connected to a ground portion disposed in the opening and spaced apart from the radiation portion by a gap. 
     The antenna may further include a substrate, wherein the radiation portion may be disposed on the substrate, and a feed line connected to the feed portion, wherein the coupling portion may be connected to the ground portion through the substrate. 
     Other features and aspects will be apparent from the following detailed description, the drawings, and the claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment. 
         FIG.  2    is a top plan view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment. 
         FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along a line III-III of  FIG.  2   . 
         FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member shown in  FIG.  1    according to a variation embodiment. 
         FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member shown in  FIG.  1    according to another variation embodiment. 
         FIG.  6    is a radiation pattern graph of a microstrip antenna according to a comparative example, and  FIG.  7    and  FIG.  8    are radiation pattern graphs showing a change of a beam direction according to a size of a gap between a conductor and a coupling member of a radiation portion in a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment of  FIG.  1   . 
         FIG.  9    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  10    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  11    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1    is arranged in plural. 
         FIG.  12    is a lateral view showing an antenna module including a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment showing in  FIG.  11   . 
         FIG.  13    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1    and a conventional microstrip antenna are combined and arranged. 
         FIG.  14    is a top plan view showing an antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1   , a conventional microstrip antenna, and a dipole antenna are combined and arranged. 
         FIG.  15    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  16    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  17    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
         FIG.  18    is a top plan view showing an electronic device to which a microstrip antenna according to one or more embodiments is mounted. 
         FIG.  19    is a lateral view showing an electronic device to which a microstrip antenna according to one or more embodiments is mounted. 
     
    
    
     Throughout the drawings and the detailed description, the same reference numerals refer to the same elements. The drawings may not be to scale, and the relative sizes, proportions, and depictions of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity, illustration, and convenience. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, while example embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is noted that examples are not limited to the same. 
     The following detailed description is provided to assist the reader in gaining a comprehensive understanding of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein. However, various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure. For example, the sequences of operations described herein are merely examples, and are not limited to those set forth herein, but may be changed as will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure, with the exception of operations necessarily occurring in a certain order. Also, descriptions of functions and constructions that would be well known in the art may be omitted for increased clarity and conciseness. 
     The features described herein may be embodied in different forms, and are not to be construed as being limited to the examples described herein. Rather, the examples described herein have been provided merely to illustrate some of the many possible ways of implementing the methods, apparatuses, and/or systems described herein that will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure. 
     Herein, it is noted that use of the term “may” with respect to an example or embodiment, for example, as to what an example or embodiment may include or implement, means that at least one example or embodiment exists in which such a feature is included or implemented while all examples and embodiments are not limited thereto. 
     Throughout the specification, when an element, such as a layer, region, or substrate, is described as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element, it may be directly “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” the other element, or there may be one or more other elements intervening therebetween. In contrast, when an element is described as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element, there can be no other elements intervening therebetween. 
     As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any one and any combination of any two or more of the associated listed items; likewise, “at least one of” includes any one and any combination of any two or more of the associated listed items. 
     Although terms such as “first,” “second,” and “third” may be used herein to describe various members, components, regions, layers, or sections, these members, components, regions, layers, or sections are not to be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are only used to distinguish one member, component, region, layer, or section from another member, component, region, layer, or section. Thus, a first member, component, region, layer, or section referred to in examples described herein may also be referred to as a second member, component, region, layer, or section without departing from the teachings of the examples. 
     The terminology used herein is for describing various examples only, and is not to be used to limit the disclosure. The articles “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “includes,” and “has” specify the presence of stated features, numbers, operations, members, elements, and/or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, operations, members, elements, and/or combinations thereof. 
     Spatially relative terms such as “above,” “upper,” “below,” “lower,” and the like may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element&#39;s relationship to another element as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, an element described as being “above” or “upper” relative to another element will then be “below” or “lower” relative to the other element. Thus, the term “above” encompasses both the above and below orientations depending on the spatial orientation of the device. The device may also be oriented in other ways (for example, rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative terms used herein are to be interpreted accordingly. 
     Due to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, variations of the shapes illustrated in the drawings may occur. Thus, the examples described herein are not limited to the specific shapes illustrated in the drawings, but include changes in shape that occur during manufacturing. 
     The features of the examples described herein may be combined in various ways as will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure. Further, although the examples described herein have a variety of configurations, other configurations are possible as will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure. 
     One aspect of the present disclosure is to provide a microstrip antenna and a microstrip antenna module that are advantageous for down-sizing and beamforming without a complicated design. 
       FIG.  1    is a perspective view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment, and  FIG.  2    is a top plan view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  1    and  FIG.  2   , a microstrip antenna  10  according to the present embodiment includes a dielectric material substrate  12 , a radiation portion  14 , and a coupling member  16  disposed in the dielectric material substrate  12 . The radiation portion  14  may be disposed on the first layer  12   a  of the dielectric material substrate  12  while being connected to the feed line  15  through the feed portion  14   a , and the coupling member  16  may be disposed on the first layer  12   a  of the dielectric material substrate  12  while being connected to the ground portion  18 . That is, the radiation portion  14  and the coupling member  16  may be positioned on the same layer of the dielectric material substrate  12 . However, depending on a desired design of the antenna, the radiation portion  14  and the coupling member  16  may be positioned on different layers rather than on the same layer or on different layers partially with a height difference. 
     The radiation portion  14  includes a conductor  145  and a penetrating opening  146  may be formed in the conductor  145 . The conductor  145  may be formed to have a plane surface of a quadrangle including, for example, a rectangular shape or a square shape. The coupling member  16  may be disposed to be separated from the conductor  145  in the opening  146  with a gap. 
     The radiation portion  14  includes a first edge  141  and a second edge  142  facing each other. Here, the feed portion  14   a  may be disposed closer to the first edge  141  of the radiation portion  14  and the opening  146  may be disposed closer to the second edge  142  of the radiation portion  14 . In addition, the opening  146  may be formed by being elongated along the second edge  142  of the radiation portion  14  in they axis direction in the drawing. The coupling member  16  positioned within the opening  146  may be disposed to face the feed portion  14   a.    
     As described above, since the feed portion  14   a  and the coupling member  16  have the structure facing each other while being positioned at opposite edges of the radiation portion  14 , a current flow (an electrical length) required for the operating frequency of the antenna may be secured. That is, an electric field started from the feed portion  14   a  passes through the conductor  145  of the radiation portion  14  and may be coupled to the coupling member  16  in the gap, the current again flows from the coupling member  16  to the ground portion  18 , and the electrical length required for the operating frequency may be secured. 
     In the present embodiment, the coupling member  16  may include a plurality of circular pads  161 . A plurality of circular pads  161  constituting the coupling member  16  may be disposed to be displaced apart from the conductor  145  with a gap g within the opening  146  of the conductor  145 . In addition, a plurality of circular pads  161  may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other in the opening  146 . 
     The opening  146  may include a plurality of concave portions  146   a  corresponding to each of a plurality of circular pads  161 . A plurality of concave portions  146   a  may be formed such that the conductor  145  is protruded to surround the circular pads  161  along the edge shape. Accordingly, the gap g between the circular pads  161  and the conductor  145  in each of a plurality of concave portions  146   a  may be formed to be a uniform distance. 
     On the other hand, the radiation portion  14  may be disposed to be biased toward one side on the dielectric material substrate  12 . For example, the radiation portion  14  may be formed so that the first edge  141  is aligned to one edge of the dielectric material substrate  12 . Thus, the feed portion  14   a  may be disposed closer to one edge of the dielectric material substrate  12  than the coupling member  16 . 
     In addition, the dielectric material substrate  12  may further include an upper dielectric layer  12   b  covering the radiation portion  14 . Here, the upper dielectric layer  12   b  may fill the gap g between the coupling member  16  of the opening  146  and the conductor  145 . 
       FIG.  3    is a cross-sectional view taken along a line III-III of  FIG.  2   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  3   , the coupling member  16  may be connected to the ground portion  18  through a conductive via  18   a  extending in the thickness direction (the z-axis direction in the drawing) of the dielectric material substrate  12 . The ground portion  18  may be positioned on the second surface  12   c  of the dielectric material substrate  12 . The conductive via  18   a  may be formed by forming a via hole in the dielectric material substrate  12  and filling the via hole with a conductive material. 
     In the present embodiment, the circular pads  161  of the coupling member  16  may be formed to have a transverse width or a diameter d 2  that is greater than the diameter d 1  of the conductive via  18   a.    
       FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member shown in  FIG.  1    according to a variation embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  4   , in the microstrip antenna  10 ′ according to the present variation embodiment, the coupling member  16 ′ may be formed to have the same diameter as the diameter d 1  of the conductive via  18   a  connected to the ground portion  18 . The coupling member  16 ′ may be disposed to be spaced apart from the conductor  145  by a gap g′ within the opening  146  of the conductor  145  constituting the radiation portion  14 . 
       FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view of a microstrip antenna including a coupling member shown in  FIG.  1    according to another variation embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  5   , the microstrip antenna  10 ″ according to the present variation embodiment may include all the structures of the microstrip antenna including the coupling member  16  shown in  FIG.  1   . That is, the microstrip antenna  10 ″ includes a dielectric material substrate  12 ″, and a radiation portion  14  and a coupling member  16  disposed in the dielectric material substrate  12 ″. The radiation portion  14  may be disposed on the first layer  12   a  of the dielectric material substrate  12 ″ while being connected to the feed line  15  through the feed portion  14   a , and the coupling member  16  may be disposed on the first layer  12   a  of the dielectric material substrate  12 ″ while being connected to the ground portion  18 . 
     The radiation portion  14  includes the conductor  145  in which the opening  146  is formed, and the coupling member  16  may be disposed to be separated from the conductor  145  with a gap g in the opening  146 . 
     In addition, a coupling patch  11  may be formed on the upper layer of the radiation portion  14 . The coupling patch  11  may be disposed to be separated from the conductor  145  of the radiation portion  14  in the thickness direction, and a separate feed line may not be directly connected. For example, the coupling patch  11  may be formed on the upper dielectric layer  12   b . Therefore, the coupling patch  11  may be antenna-driven by the coupling supply according to the supply to the feed portion  14   a  of the radiation portion  14 . 
       FIG.  6    is a radiation pattern graph of a microstrip antenna according to a comparative example, and  FIG.  7    and  FIG.  8    are radiation pattern graphs showing a change of a beam direction according to a size of a gap between a conductor and a coupling member of a radiation portion in a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to an embodiment of  FIG.  1   . The radiation patterns shown in  FIG.  6   ,  FIG.  7   , and  FIG.  8    are measured and shown in the state that the microstrip antenna is disposed as shown in  FIG.  3   , that is, the state that the feed portion is disposed on the left in the drawing. 
     First, referring to  FIG.  6   , a microstrip antenna according to a comparative example may be an antenna when a gap g between the conductor  145  of the radiation portion  14  and the coupling member  16  is 0 in the embodiment shown in  FIG.  1   , that is, having a shorting pin structure in which the gap is not formed. In the antenna of the comparative example, it may be confirmed that the radiation mainly occurs in the direction in which the feed portion is positioned, but the beam direction is formed in the lower direction with reference to the radiation portion formed on the dielectric material substrate. 
     Referring to  FIG.  7   , in the microstrip antenna  10  according to the present embodiment, when the gap g between the conductor  145  of the radiation portion  14  and the coupling member  16  is 10 μm (microns), the beam direction in the antenna may be confirmed. It may be confirmed that the radiation mainly occurs in the direction in which the feed portion is positioned, but the beam direction is formed in the direction parallel thereto with reference to the radiation portion  14  formed on the dielectric material substrate  12 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  8   , in the microstrip antenna  10  according to the present embodiment, when the gap g between the conductor  145  of the radiation portion  14  and the coupling member  16  is 20 μm, the beam direction in the antenna may be confirmed. It may be confirmed that the radiation mainly occurs in the direction in which the feed portion is positioned, but the beam direction is formed in the upper direction with reference to the radiation portion  14  formed on the dielectric material substrate  12 . 
     In summary, it may be confirmed that the beam direction of the antenna is basically formed in the direction of the side in which the feed portion is positioned and moves upward with reference to the ground portion as the distance between the conductor of the radiation portion and the coupling member increases. That is, the width of the gap g between the coupling member and the conductor of the radiation portion may adjust the amount of the coupling between the radiation portion and the ground portion, thereby changing the beam direction of the antenna. The user may easily adjust the gap g according to the desired coupling strength, so that the change of the beam direction may be obtained due to the coupling effect without the configuration of a complicated circuit to be suitable for the beamforming. 
       FIG.  9    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  9   , a microstrip antenna  20  according to the present embodiment includes a dielectric material substrate  22 , and a radiation portion  24  and a coupling member  26  disposed on the dielectric material substrate  22 . The radiation portion  24  is connected to the feed line though the feed portion  24   a , and the coupling member  26  may be disposed on the same surface of the dielectric material substrate  22  while being connected to the ground portion. 
     The radiation portion  24  may include a conductor  245  and the conductor  245  may include a penetrated opening  246 . The conductor  245  may be formed to have a quadrangle plane shape including, for example, a rectangular shape or square shape. 
     The radiation portion  24  includes a first edge  241  and a second edge  242  facing each other. Here, the feed portion  24   a  may be disposed closer to the first edge  241  of the radiation portion  24 , and the opening  246  may be disposed closer to the second edge  242  of the radiation portion  24 . 
     In the present embodiment, the opening  246  may include a plurality of circular openings separated from each other. The plurality of circular openings may be disposed to be spaced apart from each other along the second edge  242  of the radiation portion  24  and arranged in a line. 
     The coupling member  26  may include a plurality of circular pads  261 . A plurality of circular pads  261  may be positioned corresponding to each of a plurality of circular openings constituting the opening  246 . In addition, a plurality of circular pads  261  may be disposed to be respectively spaced apart from the conductor  245  with a gap g within a plurality of circular openings constituting the opening  246 . A gap g from the edge of the circular pad  261  to the conductor  245  corresponding to each of the plurality of circular openings may be formed to have a uniform distance. 
       FIG.  10    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna including a coupling member according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  10   , the microstrip antenna  30  according to the present embodiment includes a dielectric material substrate  32 , and a radiation portion  34  and a coupling member  36  disposed on the dielectric material substrate  32 . The radiation portion  34  may be connected to the feed line through a feed portion  34   a , and the coupling member  36  may be disposed on the same surface of the dielectric material substrate  32  while being connected to the ground portion. 
     The radiation portion  34  may include a conductor  345  and a through opening  346  may be formed in the conductor  345 . The conductor  345  may be formed to have a quadrangle plane shape including, for example, a rectangular shape or square shape. 
     The radiation portion  34  includes a first edge  341  and a second edge  342  facing each other. Here, the feed portion  34   a  may be disposed closer to the first edge  341  of the radiation portion  34 , and the opening  346  may be disposed closer to the second edge  342  of the radiation portion  34 . In addition, the opening  346  may be formed by extending along the second edge  342  of the radiation portion  34 . 
     In the present embodiment, the coupling member  36  may include a pad  361  in the shape of an elongated strip. The strip-shaped pad  361  may be elongated along the edge of the opening  346 . In addition, the strip-shaped pad  361  constituting the coupling member  36  may be disposed by being spaced apart from the conductor  345  with a gap g within the opening  346  of the conductor  345 . The gap g from the edge of the strip-shaped pad  361  to the conductor  345  in the opening  346  of the conductor  345  may be formed to have a uniform distance. Accordingly, both ends in the length direction of the opening  346  are formed to be rounded and both ends in the length direction of the strip-shaped pad  361  are also formed to be rounded, so that the same gap g may be maintained. 
     The microstrip antenna according to the embodiment described above with reference to the drawings may be configured in various numbers at various positions of the edges of the dielectric material substrate, and may be applied to an electronic device by being combined with various types of other antennas. Some examples are shown and described below. 
       FIG.  11    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1    is arranged in plural. 
     Referring to  FIG.  11   , the microstrip antenna  40  according to the present embodiment may include a radiation portion  44  and a coupling member  46  in which a plurality of, for example, four along one edge of the substrate  42 , are disposed. At this time, each of the radiation portion  44  and the coupling member  46  may have the same structure as the embodiment described with reference to  FIG.  1   , and the substrate  42  may be a dielectric material substrate. 
     That is, each of a plurality of radiation portions  44  may include a conductor  445  and a through opening  446  may be formed in the conductor  445 . Each conductor  445  may be formed to have a quadrangle plane shape including, for example, a rectangular shape or square shape. 
     In addition, each of a plurality of coupling members  46  may include a plurality of circular pads  461 . A plurality of circular pads  461  constituting each coupling member  46  may be disposed to be spaced apart from the conductor  445  by a gap within the opening  446  of the conductor  445 . In addition, a plurality of circular pads  461  may be arranged to be spaced apart from each other within each opening  446 . 
     On the other hand, a plurality of radiation portions  44  may be disposed to be biased to one side on the substrate  42 . Each of the radiation portions  44  has a first edge  441  disposed in close proximity to the feed portion  44   a  and a second edge  442  disposed in close proximity to the opening  446 . Accordingly, a plurality of radiation portions  44  may be arranged such that, for example, the first edge  441  is aligned with one edge of the substrate  42 . This allows the feed portion  44   a  to be disposed closer to one edge of substrate  42  than to the coupling member  46 . 
     In the present embodiment, an example in which the plurality of microstrip antennas shown in  FIG.  1    are arranged is shown, however it may be arranged in plural to configure the antenna in the same type for the structures of the microstrip antennas according to the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5    and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   . 
       FIG.  12    is a lateral view showing an antenna module including a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment showing in  FIG.  11   . 
     Referring to  FIG.  12   , the microstrip antenna module  140  includes a microstrip antenna  40  in which a radiation portion  44  is disposed on one surface of the substrate  42  and a ground portion  48  is disposed on the other surface. At least one electronic element  90  may be mounted on the other surface of the substrate  42  on which the ground portion  48  is positioned. 
     The substrate  42  may be a circuit board on which circuit or electronic components required for the microstrip antenna  40  are mounted. For example, the substrate  42  may be a printed circuit board (PCB) in which at least one electronic component is mounted on the surface. Accordingly, a circuit wire for electrically connecting the electronic components may be provided on the substrate  42  and may be composed of a plurality of layers.  FIG.  13    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1    and a conventional microstrip antenna are combined and arranged. 
     Referring to  FIG.  13   , the microstrip antenna  50  according to the present embodiment may include a radiation portion  54  and a coupling member  56  disposed in plural, for example, two by two adjacent to each of a pair of edges of the dielectric material substrate  52  facing each other. At this time, each of the radiation portion  54  and the coupling member  56  may have the same structure as the embodiment described with reference to  FIG.  1   . In addition, between the radiation portions  54  including the coupling member  56 , a plurality of quadrangle radiation patches  57 , for example, four, may be arranged on the dielectric material substrate  52  in a 2×2 format. 
     Meanwhile, a plurality of radiation portions  54  may be disposed adjacent to a pair of edges opposing each other on the dielectric material substrate  52 . In this case, a plurality of radiation portions  54  may be disposed to be linearly symmetric with respect to the center of the dielectric material substrate  52 . 
     In this case, a pair of radiation portions  54  may be arranged so that the edge adjacent to the feed portion  54   a  on the edge of one side of the dielectric material substrate  52  is aligned to the edge of the dielectric material substrate  52 , and the other pair of radiation portions  54  may be arranged so that the edge adjacent to the feed portion  54   a  on the opposite edge of the dielectric material substrate  52  is aligned to the edge of the dielectric material substrate  52 . 
     In the present embodiment, an example in which the microstrip antenna shown in  FIG.  1    is combined with the conventional microstrip antenna and arranged in plural is illustrated and described, however it may be combined with the conventional microstrip antenna and arranged in plural to configure the antenna in the same type for the structures of the microstrip antennas according to the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5    and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   . 
       FIG.  14    is a top plan view showing an antenna according to another embodiment, and shows an antenna in which a microstrip antenna according to an embodiment shown in  FIG.  1   , a conventional microstrip antenna, and a dipole antenna are combined and arranged. 
     Referring to  FIG.  14   , the antenna  60  according to the present embodiment basically has the structure of the microstrip antenna shown in  FIG.  13   . That is, the antenna  60  according to the present embodiment may include a radiation portion  54  and a coupling member  56  that are disposed in plural adjacent to each of a pair of edges facing each other of the dielectric material substrate  62 , for example, two by two. In addition, between the radiation portions  54  including the coupling member  56 , a plurality of quadrangle radiation patches  57 , for example, four, may be arranged on the dielectric material substrate  62  in a 2×2 format. 
     In the present embodiment, in addition to this, a plurality of dipole antennas  67  may be disposed adjacent to another pair of edges facing each other of the dielectric material substrate  62 . That is, in the dielectric material substrate  62 , at a pair of the edges that intersect the edges at which the radiation portions  54  including the coupling members  56  are disposed, for example, three dipole antennas  67  may be arranged along each edge. 
     In the present embodiment, an example in which the microstrip antenna shown in  FIG.  1    is combined with the conventional microstrip antennas and the dipole antennas arranged in plural, however the microstrip antenna may be the microstrip antennas according to the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5    and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10    and combined with the conventional microstrip antennas and the dipole antennas and arranged in plural to configure the antenna  60 . 
     Also, a configuration of the antenna including a combination of the upper half of the microstrip antenna  60  shown in  FIG.  14    or the antenna omitting the upper or lower dipole antenna is also possible. 
       FIG.  15    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  15   , the microstrip antenna  70  according to the present embodiment may include a plurality of radiation portions  44  and  74  and coupling members  46  and  76 , for example, four are respectively disposed along the facing edges of the substrate  72 . In this case, each of the radiation portions  44  and  74  and the coupling members  46  and  76  may have the same structure as that of the embodiment described with reference to  FIG.  1   , the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5   , and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   , and the substrate  72  may be a dielectric material substrate. 
     A plurality of radiation portions  44  and  74  may be disposed to be biased toward both sides on the substrate  72 . That is, the radiation portions  44  and  74  may be disposed such that the feed portions  44   a  and  74   a  face the outside of the substrate  72  and the coupling members  46  and  76  face the inside of the substrate  72 . As a result, even in a narrow area, it may be possible to form the beam radiating in both directions as indicated by block arrows. 
       FIG.  16    is a top plan view of a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  16   , the microstrip antenna  80  according to the present embodiment may include a radiation portion  44  and a coupling member  46  disposed in a plurality of sets, for example, four sets, respectively, along one edge of the substrate  82 . At this time, each of the radiation portions  44  and the coupling members  46  may have the same structure as the embodiment described with reference to  FIG.  1   , the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5   , and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   , and the substrate  82  may be a dielectric material substrate. 
     In the present embodiment, a ground wall  85  may be disposed between adjacent sets of the radiation portion  44  and the coupling member  46 . The ground wall  85  may be extended within the substrate  82  in the thickness direction (a z-axis direction of the drawing) and also in the x-axis direction in the drawing to partition the adjacent sets of the radiation portions  44  and the coupling members  46 . This ground wall  85  may reduce interference between the radiation portion  44  and the coupling member  46  in the adjacent sets, thereby reducing the entire area of the microstrip antenna  80 . 
       FIG.  17    is a top plan view showing a microstrip antenna according to another embodiment. 
     Referring to  FIG.  17   , the microstrip antenna  90  according to the present embodiment may include a radiation patch  97  of a quadrangle shape disposed at the center of the dielectric material substrate  92  on a plane, and plural, for example six radiation portions  94  and coupling members  96 , may be disposed on the circumference of the radiation patch  97 . At this time, each of the radiation portion  94  and the coupling member may have the same structure as that of the embodiment described with reference to  FIG.  1   , the variation embodiments shown in  FIG.  4    and  FIG.  5   , and the embodiments shown in  FIG.  9    and  FIG.  10   . 
     Meanwhile, a plurality of radiation portions  94  may be disposed on the dielectric material substrate  92  adjacent to the edge. In this case, a plurality of radiation portions  94  may be disposed to be point symmetric with respect to the center of the dielectric material substrate  92 . In addition, each radiation portion  94  may be arranged such that the edge close to the feed portion  94   a  at the edge of the dielectric material substrate  92  is aligned with the edge of the dielectric material substrate  92 . 
     The antenna according to the embodiments described above with reference to the drawings may be applied to and operated in an electronic device to implement down-sizing and beamforming. Some examples are shown and described below. 
       FIG.  18    is a top plan view showing an electronic device to which a microstrip antenna according to the embodiments described herein is mounted, and  FIG.  19    is a lateral view showing an electronic device to which a microstrip antenna according to the embodiments described herein is mounted. 
     The electronic device  100  according to the embodiments may be configured by disposing antenna modules  140 ,  150 , and  160  including the antennas  40 ,  50 , and  60  according to the above-described embodiments or an antenna that is partially modified thereof on a built-in set substrate. The electronic device  100  may include polygonal sides, and the antenna modules  140 ,  150 , and  160  may be disposed adjacent to at least a portion of a plurality of sides of the electronic device  100 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  18   , the antenna modules  150  and  160  configured by combining the radiation portion including the coupling member, the quadrangle radiation patch, and the dipole antenna may be disposed adjacent to the upper left and lower right corners of, for example, the electronic device  100 , and these antenna modules  150  and  160  may be electrically connected to each other through, for example, a flexible printed circuit (FPC) substrate  105  or the like. 
     Here, the antenna module  150  may include an antenna configuration corresponding to half of the antenna  60  shown in  FIG.  14   . Therefore, the dipole antenna is disposed to the upper edge of the dielectric material substrate, and the microstrip antenna having the coupling member is disposed on the left and right edges and the radiation patch of the microstrip antenna may be disposed between them. 
     Also, the antenna module  160  may include the antenna configuration excluding the dipole antennas arranged at one edge in the antenna  60  shown in  FIG.  14   . Therefore, the dipole antenna is disposed to the lower edge of the dielectric material substrate, and a pair of microstrip antennas having the coupling member are respectively disposed on the left and right edges and the radiation patch of the microstrip antenna may be disposed between them. 
     Referring to  FIG.  19   , the antenna module  140  including the microstrip antenna  40  shown in  FIG.  11    may be mounted on the inner side of the electronic device  100 . Since the microstrip antenna  40  has a narrow width and a shape that is elongated in one direction, it may be suitable for mounting on the side of the electronic device  100  having a thin thickness. 
     The electronic device  100  shown in  FIG.  18    and  FIG.  19    may be realized by mounting the antenna module including the microstrip antenna according to the embodiments described in the present specification as well as the antenna modules  140 ,  150 , and  160  of the shown examples. 
     On the other hand, the electronic device  100  may be a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a digital video camera, a digital still camera, a network system, a computer, a monitor, a tablet, a laptop, a netbook, a television, a video game, a smart watch, an automotive part, and the like, however it is not limited thereto. 
     According to the microstrip antenna disclosed in one or more embodiments described herein, the beamforming may be performed by easily changing the direction of the beam by adjusting the gap between the coupling member and the radiation portion in a down-sized antenna structure. 
     In addition, it is possible to dispose and mount the microstrip antenna according to the one or more embodiments in the reduced antenna space of the down-sized, lightened, and thinned electronic device, and by using this microstrip antenna, beamforming that is suitable for electronic devices may be easily performed without addition of an antenna pattern or a complicated design. 
     While specific example embodiments have been shown and described above, it will be apparent after an understanding of this disclosure that various changes in form and details may be made in these examples without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims and their equivalents. The examples described herein are to be considered in a descriptive sense only, and not for purposes of limitation. Descriptions of features or aspects in each example are to be considered as being applicable to similar features or aspects in other examples. Suitable results may be achieved if the described techniques are performed in a different order, and/or if components in a described system, architecture, device, or circuit are combined in a different manner, and/or replaced or supplemented by other components or their equivalents. Therefore, the scope of the disclosure is defined not by the detailed description, but by the claims and their equivalents, and all variations within the scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included in the disclosure.