Patent Publication Number: US-2009227533-A1

Title: miR-34 Regulated Genes and Pathways as Targets for Therapeutic Intervention

Description:
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/942,971 filed Jun. 8, 2007, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     I. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to the fields of molecular biology and medicine. More specifically, the invention relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of diseases or conditions that are affected by miR-34 microRNAs, microRNA expression, and genes and cellular pathways directly and indirectly modulated by such. 
     II. Background 
     In 2001, several groups used a cloning method to isolate and identify a large group of “microRNAs” (miRNAs) from  C. elegans, Drosophila , and humans (Lagos-Quintana et al., 2001; Lau et al., 2001; Lee and Ambros, 2001). Several hundreds of miRNAs have been identified in plants and animals—including humans—which do not appear to have endogenous siRNAs. Thus, while similar to siRNAs, miRNAs are distinct. 
     miRNAs thus far observed have been approximately 21-22 nucleotides in length, and they arise from longer precursors, which are transcribed from non-protein-encoding genes. See review of Carrington and Ambros (2003). The precursors form structures that fold back on themselves in self-complementary regions; they are then processed by the nuclease Dicer (in animals) or DCL1 (in plants) to generate the short double-stranded miRNA. One of the miRNA strands is incorporated into a complex of proteins and miRNA called the RNA-induced silencing complex. The miRNA guides the RISC complex to a target mRNA, which is then cleaved or translationally silenced, depending on the degree of sequence complementarity of the miRNA to its target mRNA. Currently, it is believed that perfect or nearly perfect complementarity leads to mRNA degradation, as is most commonly observed in plants. In contrast, imperfect base pairing, as is primarily found in animals, leads to translational silencing. However, recent data suggest additional complexity (Bagga et al., 2005; Lim et al., 2005), and mechanisms of gene silencing by miRNAs remain under intense study. 
     Recent studies have shown that changes in the expression levels of numerous miRNAs are associated with various cancers (reviewed in Esquela-Kerscher and Slack, 2006; Calin and Croce, 2006). miRNAs have also been implicated in regulating cell growth and cell and tissue differentiation—cellular processes that are associated with the development of cancer. 
     The inventors previously demonstrated that hsa-miR-34 is involved with the regulation of numerous cell activities that represent intervention points for cancer therapy and for therapy of other diseases and disorders (U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/141,707 filed May 31, 2005 and Ser. No. 11/273,640 filed Nov. 14, 2005, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). In a survey of 24 different human tissues, the inventors observed that miR-34 is preferentially or exclusively expressed in human lymph node tissues. When transformed into various cancer cell lines from humans, miR-34a inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells (22Rv1), lung cancer cells (A549), basal cell carcinoma cells (TE354T), cervical cancer cells (HeLa), and leukemic T cells (Jurkat), but miR-34a had no anti-proliferative effect on normal human T cells. Upon transformation, miR-34a increased (Jurkat) or decreased (HeLa) programmed cell death (apoptosis) in cells. Uncontrolled cell proliferation is a hallmark of cancer. Apoptosis is a natural cellular process that helps control cancer by inducing death in cells with oncogenic potential. Many oncogenes function by altering induction of apoptosis. More recently, others have observed miR-34a to be over-expressed in cancerous liver cells (Meng et al., 2006). 
     Bioinformatics analyses suggest that any given miRNA may bind to and alter the expression of up to several hundred different genes. In addition, a single gene may be regulated by several miRNAs. Thus, each miRNA may regulate a complex interaction among genes, gene pathways, and gene networks. Mis-regulation or alteration of these regulatory pathways and networks, involving miRNAs, are likely to contribute to the development of disorders and diseases such as cancer. Although bioinformatics tools are helpful in predicting miRNA binding targets, all have limitations. Because of the imperfect complementarity with their target binding sites, it is difficult to accurately predict the mRNA targets of miRNAs with bioinformatics tools alone. Furthermore, the complicated interactive regulatory networks among miRNAs and target genes make it difficult to accurately predict which genes will actually be mis-regulated in response to a given miRNA. 
     Correcting gene expression errors by manipulating miRNA expression or by repairing miRNA mis-regulation represent promising methods to repair genetic disorders and cure diseases like cancer. A current, disabling limitation of this approach is that, as mentioned above, the details of the regulatory pathways and networks that are affected by any given miRNA, including miR-34, remain largely unknown. This represents a significant limitation for treatment of cancers in which miR-34 may play a role. A need exists to identify the genes, genetic pathways, and genetic networks that are regulated by or that may regulate hsa-miR-34 expression. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention provides additional compositions and methods by identifying genes that are direct targets for miR-34 regulation or that are indirect or downstream targets of regulation following the miR-34-mediated modification of another gene(s) expression. Furthermore, the invention describes gene, disease, and/or physiologic pathways and networks that are influenced by miR-34 and its family members. In certain aspects, compositions of the invention are administered to a subject having, suspected of having, or at risk of developing a metabolic, an immunologic, an infectious, a cardiovascular, a digestive, an endocrine, an ocular, a genitourinary, a blood, a musculoskeletal, a nervous system, a congenital, a respiratory, a skin, or a cancerous disease or condition. 
     In particular aspects, a subject or patient may be selected for treatment based on expression and/or aberrant expression of one or more miRNA or mRNA. In a further aspect, a subject or patient may be selected for treatment based on aberrations in one or more biologic or physiologic pathway(s), including aberrant expression of one or more gene associated with a pathway, or the aberrant expression of one or more protein encoded by one or more gene associated with a pathway. In still a further aspect, a subject or patient may be selected based on aberrations in miRNA expression, or biologic and/or physiologic pathway(s). A subject may be assessed for sensitivity, resistance, and/or efficacy of a therapy or treatment regime based on the evaluation and/or analysis of miRNA or mRNA expression or lack thereof. A subject may be evaluated for amenability to certain therapy prior to, during, or after administration of one or therapy to a subject or patient. Typically, evaluation or assessment may be done by analysis of miRNA and/or mRNA, as well as combination of other assessment methods that include but are not limited to histology, immunohistochemistry, blood work, etc. 
     In some embodiments, an infectious disease or condition includes a bacterial, viral, parasite, or fungal infection. Many of these genes and pathways are associated with various cancers and other diseases. Cancerous conditions include, but are not limited to astrocytoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, angiosarcoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, bladder carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoma of the head and neck, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, gastrinoma, hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Kaposi&#39;s sarcoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma, medulloblastoma, mantle cell lymphoma, meningioma, myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, mesothelioma, neurofibroma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, oropharyngeal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, schwannoma, small cell lung cancer, salivary gland tumor, sporadic papillary renal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor, urothelial carcinoma wherein the modulation of one or more gene is sufficient for a therapeutic response. Typically a cancerous condition is an aberrant hyperproliferative condition associated with the uncontrolled growth or inability to undergo cell death, including apoptosis. 
     The present invention provides methods and compositions for identifying genes that are direct targets for miR-34 regulation or that are downstream targets of regulation following the miR-34-mediated modification of upstream gene expression. Furthermore, the invention describes gene pathways and networks that are influenced by miR-34 expression in biological samples. Many of these genes and pathways are associated with various cancers and other diseases. The altered expression or function of miR-34 in cells would lead to changes in the expression of these key genes and contribute to the development of disease or other conditions. Introducing miR-34 (for diseases where the miRNA is down-regulated) or a miR-34 inhibitor (for diseases where the miRNA is up-regulated) into disease cells or tissues or subjects would result in a therapeutic response. The identities of key genes that are regulated directly or indirectly by miR-34 and the disease with which they are associated are provided herein. In certain aspects a cell may be an endothelial, a mesothelial, an epithelial, a stromal, or a mucosal cell. In certain aspects the cell is a glial, a leukemic, a colorectal, an endometrial, a fat, a meninges, a lymphoid, a connective tissue, a retinal, a cervical, a uterine, a brain, a neuronal, a blood, a cervical, an esophageal, a lung, a cardiovascular, a liver, a breast, a bone, a thyroid, a glandular, an adrenal, a pancreatic, a stomach, a intestinal, a kidney, a bladder, a prostate, a uterus, an ovarian, a testicular, a splenic, a skin, a smooth muscle, a cardiac muscle, or a striated muscle cell. In certain aspects, the cell, tissue, or target may not be defective in miRNA expression yet may still respond therapeutically to expression or over expression of a miRNA. miR-34 could be used as a therapeutic target for any of these diseases. In certain embodiments miR-34 can be used to modulate the activity of miR-34 in a subject, organ, tissue, or cell. 
     A cell, tissue, or subject may be a cancer cell, a cancerous tissue, harbor cancerous tissue, or be a subject or patient diagnosed or at risk of developing a disease or condition. In certain aspects a cancer cell is a neuronal, glial, lung, liver, brain, breast, bladder, blood, leukemic, colon, colorectal, endometrial, stomach, skin, ovarian, fat, bone, cervical, esophageal, pancreatic, prostate, kidney, epithelial, intestinal, lymphoid, muscle, adrenal, salivary gland, testicular, or thyroid cell. In still a further aspect cancer includes, but is not limited to astrocytoma, anaplastic large cell lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, angiosarcoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, bladder carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoma of the head and neck, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, gastrinoma, hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, Kaposi&#39;s sarcoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma, medulloblastoma, mantle cell lymphoma, meningioma, myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, mesothelioma, neurofibroma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, oropharyngeal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, schwannoma, small cell lung cancer, salivary gland tumor, sporadic papillary renal carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor, urothelial carcinoma. In certain aspects the cancerous condition is lung carcinoma. In a further aspect the lung carcinoma is a non-small cell carcinoma. In yet a further aspect the non-small cell carcinoma is an adenocarcinoma, a squamous cell carcinoma, a large cell carcinoma, an adenosquamous cell carcinoma, or a bronchioalveolar carcinoma. In certain aspects the cancerous condition is prostate carcinoma. In a further aspect the prostate carcinoma can be PSA positive or negative and/or androgen dependent or independent. 
     Embodiments of the invention include methods of modulating gene expression, or biologic or physiologic pathways in a cell, a tissue, or a subject comprising administering to the cell, tissue, or subject an amount of an isolated nucleic acid or mimetic thereof comprising a miR-34 nucleic acid, mimetic, or inhibitor sequence in an amount sufficient to modulate the expression of a gene positively or negatively modulated by a miR-34 miRNA. A “miR-34 nucleic acid sequence” or “miR-34 inhibitor” includes the full length precursor of miR-34, or complement thereof or processed (i.e., mature) sequence of miR-34 and related sequences set forth herein, as well as 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or more nucleotides of a precursor miRNA or its processed sequence, or complement thereof, including all ranges and integers there between. In certain embodiments, the miR-34 nucleic acid sequence or miR-34 inhibitor contains the full-length processed miRNA sequence or complement thereof and is referred to as the “miR-34 full-length processed nucleic acid sequence” or “miR-34 full-length processed inhibitor sequence.” In still further aspects, the miR-34 nucleic acid comprises at least 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 50 nucleotide (including all ranges and integers there between) segment or complementary segment of a miR-34 that is at least 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 98, 99 or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO:1 to SEQ ID NO:73. The general term miR-34 includes all members of the miR-34 family that share at least part of a mature miR-34 sequence. Mature miR-34 sequences include hsa-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0000255; SEQ ID NO:1); hsa-miR-34b UAGGCAGUGUCAUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0000685; SEQ ID NO:2); hsa-miR-34c AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC (MIMAT0000686; SEQ ID NO:3); cbr-miR-34 AGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG (MIMAT0000466; SEQ ID NO:4); mo-miR-34b UAGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0000813; SEQ ID NO:5); dps-miR-34 UGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG (MIMAT0001223; SEQ ID NO:6); cel-miR-34 AGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG (MIMAT0000005; SEQ ID NO:7); mml-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002499; SEQ ID NO:8); mmu-miR-34b UAGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0000382; SEQ ID NO:9); sla-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002500; SEQ ID NO:10); ppy-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002497; SEQ ID NO:11); bta-miR-34c AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0003854; SEQ ID NO:12); dre-miR-34c AGGCAGUGCAGUUAGUUGAUUAC (MIMAT0003759; SEQ ID NO:13); mmu-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0000542; SEQ ID NO:14); rno-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0000815; SEQ ID NO:15); bta-miR-34b AGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0003549; SEQ ID NO:16); dme-miR-34 UGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG (MIMAT0000350; SEQ ID NO:17); ggo-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002494; SEQ ID NO:18); mdo-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0004096; SEQ ID NO:19); gga-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0001173; SEQ ID NO:20); age-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002495; SEQ ID NO:21); gga-miR-34b CAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0001179; SEQ ID NO:22); lla-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002501; SEQ ID NO:23); gga-miR-34c AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC (MIMAT0001180; SEQ ID NO:24); xtr-miR-34b CAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0003579; SEQ ID NO:25); ppa-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002496; SEQ ID NO:26); mmu-miR-34c AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC (MIMAT0000381; SEQ ID NO:27); dre-miR-34 UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0001269; SEQ ID NO:28); xtr-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU (MIMAT0003578; SEQ ID NO:29); bmo-miR-34 UGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG (MIMAT0004197; SEQ ID NO:30); dre-miR-34b UAGGCAGUGUUGUUAGCUGAUUG (MIMAT0003346; SEQ ID NO:31); rno-miR-34c AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC (MIMAT0000814; SEQ ID NO:32); mne-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002502; SEQ ID NO:33); ptr-miR-34a UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGU (MIMAT0002498; SEQ ID NO:34) or a complement thereof. In certain aspects, a subset of these miRNAs will be used that include some but not all of the listed miR-34 family members. In one aspect, miR-34 sequences have a consensus sequence of SEQ ID NO:72. In one embodiment only sequences comprising the consensus sequence of WGGCAGUGUV[R]UUAGGUGRUUG (wherein the bracketed nucleotide is optional) (SEQ ID NO:73) will be included with all other miRNAs excluded. The term miR-34 includes all members of the miR-34 family unless specifically identified. In certain aspects, a subset of these miRNAs will be used that include some but not all of the listed miR-34 family members. For instance, in one embodiment only sequences comprising the consensus sequence of SEQ ID NO: 73 will be included with all other miRNAs excluded. 
     In a further aspect, a “miR-34 nucleic acid sequence” includes all or a segment of the full length precursor of miR-34 family members. Stem-loop sequences of miR-34 family members include hsa-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUA GUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGGC cc (MI0000268; SEQ ID NO:35); hsa-mir-34b GUGCUCGG UUUGUAGGCAGUGUCAUUAGCUGAUUGUACUGUGGUGGUUACAAUCACUAACUC CACUGCCAUCAAAACAAGGCAC (MI0000742; SEQ ID NO:36); hsa-mir-34c AGUCUAGUUACUAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGCUAAUAGUACCAAUCACUAA CCACACGGCCAGGUAAAAAGAUU (MI0000743; SEQ ID NO:37); gga-mir-34c AGCCUGGUUACCAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGCCACCAGGACCAA UCACUAACCACACAGCCAGGUAAAAAG (MI0001261; SEQ ID NO:38); xtr-mir-34b-4 UUCAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGUGUUAUAUCAAAUUUGCAAU CACUAGCUAAACUACCAUAAAA (MI0004818; SEQ ID NO:39); age-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGUGCAAUA GUGAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGG CCC (MI0002797; SEQ ID NO:40); ptr-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUA GUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGGC CC (MI0002800; SEQ ID NO:41); bta-mir-34b GUGCUCGGUUUGUAGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUGUACUCUCAUGCUUACAAUC ACUAGUUCCACUGCCAUCAAAACAAGGCAC (MI0004763; SEQ ID NO:42); mne-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGG CAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUA CUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUACACAUUGUGGGGCCU (MI0002804; SEQ ID NO:43); gga-mir-34b GUGCUUGGUUUGCAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUG AUUGUACCCAGCGCCCCACAAUCACUAAAUUCACUGCCAUCAAAACAAGGCAC (MI0001260; SEQ ID NO:44); rno-mir-34c AGUCUAGUUACUAGG CAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGCUAAUAGUACCAAUCACUAACCACACAGCCAGGUA AAAAGACU (MI0000876; SEQ ID NO:45); xtr-mir-34b-2 UUCAGGCAGUGU AGUUAGCUGAUUGUGUUAUAUCAAAUUUGCAAUCACUAGCUAAACUACCAUAAA A (MI0004817; SEQ ID NO:46); xtr-mir-34a CUGUGAGUGUU UCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGGCACGUUAUAGAAGUAGCAAUCAG CAAAUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUUCUGCACAUU (MI0004816; SEQ ID NO:47); mmu-mir-34c AGUCUAGUUACUAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUG CUAAUAGUACCAAUCACUAACCACACAGCCAGGUAAAAAGACU (MI0000403; SEQ ID NO:48); lla-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUU AGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUGAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUA GAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGGCCC (MI0002803; SEQ ID NO:49); bmo-mir-34 AGAAUCAGGGUAGACCGCGUUGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUGUG UAUGGAAAUGACAACAGCCACUAACGACACUGCUCCUGCGUGCACCCUAAAUCA (MI0004975; SEQ ID NO:50); sla-mir-34a GGCCGGCU GUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUGAAGGA AGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGGCCC (MI0002802; SEQ ID NO:51); dre-mir-34c UGCUGUGUGGUCA CCAGGCAGUGCAGUUAGUUGAUUACAAUCCAUAAAGUAAUCACUAACCUCACUAC CAGGUGAAGGCUAGUA (MI0004774; SEQ ID NO:52); rno-mir-34b GUGCUCGGUUUGUAGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUGUAGUGCGGUGCUGACAAUC ACUAACUCCACUGCCAUCAAAACAAGGCAC (MI0000875; SEQ ID NO:53); mdo-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCU GGUUGUUGUGAGUAAUAGAUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAG UGCUGCACGUUGUUAGGCCC (MI0005280; SEQ ID NO:54); ggo-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUA GUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGGGC cc (MI0002796; SEQ ID NO:55); mml-mir-34a GGCCAGC UGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUAAGGA AGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUACACAUUGUGGGGCCU (MI0002801; SEQ ID NO:56); dre-mir-34b GGGGUUGGU CUGUAGGCAGUGUUGUUAGCUGAUUGUUUCAUAUGAACUAUAAUCACUAACCAU ACUGCCAACACAACAACCUACA (MI0003690; SEQ ID NO:57); dre-mir-34 CUGCUGUGAGUGGUUCUCUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGUGGAGUGAGA ACGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCGCAGAAACUCGUCACCUU (MI0001365; SEQ ID NO:58); mmu-mir-34a CCAGCUGUGA GUAAUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGUAUUAGCUAAGGAAGCA AUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACAUUGU (MI0000584; SEQ ID NO:59); ppa-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUG GCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAU ACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGCACGUUGUGGCCCCC (MI0002798; SEQ ID NO:60); rno-mir-34a CCGGCUGUGAGUAAUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGU UGUUGUGAGUAUUAGCUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGC UGCACGUUGU (MI0000877; SEQ ID NO:61); xtr-mir-34b-1 UGUUG GGUUUUCAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGUGUUAACAUAAGACUUGCAAUCACU AGCUAAACUACCAGCAAAACUAAACA (MI0004925; SEQ ID NO:62); ppy-mir-34a GGCCAGCUGUGAGUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUG UUGUGAGCAAUAGUAAGGAAGCAAUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUGC ACGUUGUGGGGCCC (MI0002799; SEQ ID NO:63); xtr-mir-34b-3 UGUUGGGUUUUCAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGUGUUAACAUAAGACUUGCAA UCACUAGCUAAACUACCAGCAAAACUAAACA (MI0004924; SEQ ID NO:64); cbr-mir-34 AAGCACUCAUGGUCGUGAGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUG CAUACACAGGUUGACAACGGCUACCUUCACUGCCACCCCGAACAUGUAGUCCUC (MI0000494; SEQ ID NO:65); gga-mir-34a GCCAGCUGUGA GUGUUUCUUUGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUUGUGAGCAAUAGUUAAGGAAGCA AUCAGCAAGUAUACUGCCCUAGAAGUGCUACACAUUGUUGGGCC (MI0001251; SEQ ID NO:66); bta-mir-34c AGUCUAGUU ACUAGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGCUAAUAAUACCAAUCACUAACCACACGGCC AGGUAAAAAGAUU (MI0005068; SEQ ID NO:67); dps-mir-34 AAUUG GCUAUGCGCUUUGGCAGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUGUGUAGCCAAAAUAUUGCCUUU GACCAUUCACAGCCACUAUCUUCACUGCCGCCGCGACAAGC (MI0001317; SEQ ID NO:68); dme-mir-34 AAUUGGCUAUGCGCUUUGGC AGUGUGGUUAGCUGGUUGUGUAGCCAAUUAUUGCCGUUGACAAUUCACAGCCAC UAUCUUCACUGCCGCCGCGACAAGC (MI0000371; SEQ ID NO:69); mmu-mir-34b GUGCUCGGUUUGUAGGCAGUGUAAUUAGCUGAUUGUAGUGCGG UGCUGACAAUCACUAACUCCACUGCCAUCAAAACAAGGCAC (MI0000404; SEQ ID NO:70); cel-mir-34 CGGACAAUGCUCGAGAGGCAGUGUGGUUA GCUGGUUGCAUAUUUCCUUGACAACGGCUACCUUCACUGCCACCCCGAACAUGUC GUCCAUCUUUGAA (MI0000005; SEQ ID NO:71) or a complement thereof. 
     In certain aspects, a nucleic acid miR-34 nucleic acid, or a segment or a mimetic thereof, will comprise 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or more nucleotides of the precursor miRNA or its processed sequence, including all ranges and integers there between. In certain embodiments, the miR-34 nucleic acid sequence contains the full-length processed miRNA sequence and is referred to as the “miR-34 full-length processed nucleic acid sequence.” In still further aspects, a miR-34 comprises at least one 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 50 nucleotide (including all ranges and integers there between) segment of miR-34 that is at least 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 98, 99 or 100% identical to SEQ ID NOs provided herein. 
     In specific embodiments, a miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor containing nucleic acid is hsa-miR-34 or hsa-miR-34 inhibitor, or a variation thereof. miR-34 can be hsa-miR-34a or hsa-miR-34b or hsa-miR-34c. In a further aspect, a miR-34 nucleic acid or miR-34 inhibitor can be administered with 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more miRNAs or miRNA inhibitors. miRNAs or their complements can be administered concurrently, in sequence, or in an ordered progression. In certain aspects, a miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor can be administered in combination with one or more of a let-7, let-7b, let-7c, let-7g, miR-15, miR-16, miR-20, miR-21, miR-26a, miR-124a, miR-126, miR-143, miR-147, miR-188, miR-200, miR-215, miR-216, miR-292-3p, and/or miR-331 nucleic acid. All or combinations of miRNAs or inhibitors thereof may be administered in a single formulation. Administration may be before, during or after a second therapy. miR-34 nucleic acids or complements thereof may also include various heterologous nucleic acid sequence, i.e., those sequences not typically found operatively coupled with miR-34 in nature, such as promoters, enhancers, and the like. The miR-34 nucleic acid is a recombinant nucleic acid, and can be a ribonucleic acid or a deoxyribonucleic acid. The recombinant nucleic acid may comprise a miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor expression cassette, i.e., a nucleic acid segment that expresses a nucleic acid when introduce into an environment containing components for nucleic acid synthesis. In a further aspect, the expression cassette is comprised in a viral vector, or plasmid DNA vector or other therapeutic nucleic acid vector or delivery vehicle, including liposomes and the like. In certain aspects a nucleic acid is a RNA and/or a synthetic nucleic acid. In a particular aspect, the miR-34 nucleic acid is a synthetic nucleic acid. Moreover, nucleic acids of the invention may be fully or partially synthetic. In certain aspects, viral vectors can be administered at 1×10 2 , 1×10 3 , 1×10 4  1×10 5 , 1×10 6 , 1×10 7 , 1×10 8 , 1×10 9 , 1×10 10 , 1×10 11 , 1×10 12 , 1×10 13 , 1×10 14  pfu or viral particle (vp). 
     In a particular aspect, the miR-34 nucleic acid or miR-34 inhibitor is a synthetic nucleic acid. Moreover, nucleic acids of the invention may be fully or partially synthetic. In still further aspects, a DNA encoding such a nucleic acid of the invention can be administered at 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 2000, to 4000 μg or mg, including all values and ranges there between. In yet a further aspect, nucleic acids of the invention, including synthetic nucleic acid, can be administered at 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, to 200 μg or mg per kilogram (kg) of body weight. Each of the amounts described herein may be administered over a period of time, including 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months or years, including all values and ranges there between. 
     In certain embodiments, administration of the composition(s) can be enteral or parenteral. In certain aspects, enteral administration is oral. In further aspects, parenteral administration is intralesional, intravascular, intracranial, intrapleural, intratumoral, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, intralymphatic, intraglandular, subcutaneous, topical, intrabronchial, intratracheal, intranasal, inhaled, or instilled. Compositions of the invention may be administered regionally or locally and not necessarily directly into a lesion. 
     In certain aspects, the gene or genes modulated comprises 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 100, 150, 200 or more genes or combinations of genes identified in Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. In still further aspects, the gene or genes modulated may exclude 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 100, 150, 175 or more genes or combinations of genes identified in Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. Modulation includes modulating transcription, mRNA levels, mRNA translation, and/or protein levels in a cell, tissue, or organ. In certain aspects the expression of a gene or level of a gene product, such as mRNA or encoded protein, is down-regulated or up-regulated. In a particular aspect the gene modulated comprises or is selected from (and may even exclude) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. 27, 28, or all of the genes identified in Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, or any combinations thereof. In certain embodiments a gene modulated or selected to be modulated is from Table 1. In further embodiments a gene modulated or selected to be modulated is from Table 3. In still further embodiments a gene modulated or selected to be modulated is from Table 4. In yet further embodiments a gene modulated or selected to be modulated is from Table 5. Embodiments of the invention may also include obtaining or assessing a gene expression profile or miRNA profile of a target cell prior to selecting the mode of treatment, e.g., administration of a miR-34 nucleic acid, inhibitor of miR-34, or mimetics thereof . . . . The database content related to all nucleic acids and genes designated by an accession number or a database submission are incorporated herein by reference as of the filing date of this application. In certain aspects of the invention one or more miRNA or miRNA inhibitor may modulate a single gene. In a further aspect, one or more genes in one or more genetic, cellular, or physiologic pathways can be modulated by one or more miRNAs or complements thereof, including miR-34 nucleic acids and miR-34 inhibitors in combination with other miRNAs. 
     miR-34 nucleic acids may also include various heterologous nucleic acid sequence, i.e., those sequences not typically found operatively coupled with miR-34 in nature, such as promoters, enhancers, and the like. The miR-34 nucleic acid is a recombinant nucleic acid, and can be a ribonucleic acid or a deoxyribonucleic acid. The recombinant nucleic acid may comprise a miR-34 expression cassette. In a further aspect, the expression cassette is comprised in a viral, or plasmid DNA vector or other therapeutic nucleic acid vector or delivery vehicle, including liposomes and the like. In a particular aspect, the miR-34 nucleic acid is a synthetic nucleic acid. Moreover, nucleic acids of the invention may be fully or partially synthetic. 
     A further embodiment of the invention is directed to methods of modulating a cellular pathway comprising administering to the cell an amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a miR-34 nucleic acid sequence in an amount sufficient to modulate the expression, function, status, or state of a cellular pathway, in particular those pathways described in Table 2 or the pathways known to include one or more genes from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. Modulation of a cellular pathway includes, but is not limited to modulating the expression of one or more gene. Modulation of a gene can include inhibiting the function of an endogenous miRNA or providing a functional miRNA to a cell, tissue, or subject. Modulation refers to the expression levels or activities of a gene or its related gene product or protein, e.g., the mRNA levels may be modulated or the translation of an mRNA may be modulated, etc. Modulation may increase or up regulate a gene or gene product or it may decrease or down regulate a gene or gene product. 
     Still a further embodiment includes methods of treating a patient with a pathological condition comprising one or more of step (a) administering to the patient an amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a miR-34 nucleic acid sequence in an amount sufficient to modulate the expression of a cellular pathway; and (b) administering a second therapy, wherein the modulation of the cellular pathway sensitizes the patient to the second therapy. A cellular pathway may include, but is not limited to one or more pathway described in Table 2 below or a pathway that is know to include one or more genes of Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. A second therapy can include administration of a second miRNA or therapeutic nucleic acid, or may include various standard therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, drug therapy, immunotherapy, and the like. Embodiments of the invention may also include the determination or assessment of a gene expression profile for the selection of an appropriate therapy. 
     Embodiments of the invention include methods of treating a subject with a pathological condition comprising one or more of the steps of (a) determining an expression profile of one or more genes selected from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5; (b) assessing the sensitivity of the subject to therapy based on the expression profile; (c) selecting a therapy based on the assessed sensitivity; and (d) treating the subject using selected therapy. Typically, the pathological condition will have as a component, indicator, or result the mis-regulation of one or more gene of Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. 
     Further embodiments include the identification and assessment of an expression profile indicative of miR-34 status in a cell or tissue comprising expression assessment of one or more gene from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, or any combination thereof. 
     The term “miRNA” is used according to its ordinary and plain meaning and refers to a microRNA molecule found in eukaryotes that is involved in RNA-based gene regulation. See, e.g., Carrington et al., 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The term can be used to refer to the single-stranded RNA molecule processed from a precursor or in certain instances the precursor itself. 
     In some embodiments, it may be useful to know whether a cell expresses a particular miRNA endogenously or whether such expression is affected under particular conditions or when it is in a particular disease state. Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, methods include assaying a cell or a sample containing a cell for the presence of one or more marker gene or mRNA or other analyte indicative of the expression level of a gene of interest. Consequently, in some embodiments, methods include a step of generating an RNA profile for a sample. The term “RNA profile” or “gene expression profile” refers to a set of data regarding the expression pattern for one or more gene or genetic marker in the sample (e.g., a plurality of nucleic acid probes that identify one or more markers from Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5); it is contemplated that the nucleic acid profile can be obtained using a set of RNAs, using for example nucleic acid amplification or hybridization techniques well know to one of ordinary skill in the art. The difference in the expression profile in the sample from the patient and a reference expression profile, such as an expression profile from a normal or non-pathologic sample, is indicative of a pathologic, disease, or cancerous condition. A nucleic acid or probe set comprising or identifying a segment of a corresponding mRNA can include all or part of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 100, 200, 500, or more nucleotides, including any integer or range derivable there between, of a gene, genetic marker, a nucleic acid, mRNA or a probe representative thereof that is listed in Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5 or identified by the methods described herein. 
     Certain embodiments of the invention are directed to compositions and methods for assessing, prognosing, or treating a pathological condition in a patient comprising measuring or determining an expression profile of one or more marker(s) in a sample from the patient, wherein a difference in the expression profile in the sample from the patient and an expression profile of a normal sample or reference expression profile is indicative of pathological condition and particularly cancer (e.g., In certain aspects of the invention, the cellular pathway, gene, or genetic marker is or is representative of one or more pathway or marker described in Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, including any combination thereof. 
     Aspects of the invention include diagnosing, assessing, or treating a pathologic condition or preventing a pathologic condition from manifesting. For example, the methods can be used to screen for a pathological condition; assess prognosis of a pathological condition; stage a pathological condition; assess response of a pathological condition to therapy; or to modulate the expression of a gene, genes, or related pathway as a first therapy or to render a subject sensitive or more responsive to a second therapy. In particular aspects, assessing the pathological condition of the patient can be assessing prognosis of the patient. Prognosis may include, but is not limited to an estimation of the time or expected time of survival, assessment of response to a therapy, and the like. In certain aspects, the altered expression of one or more gene or marker is prognostic for a patient having a pathologic condition, wherein the marker is one or more of Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, including any combination thereof. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Genes with increased (positive values) or decreased (negative 
               
               
                 values) expression following transfection of human cancer cells 
               
               
                 with pre-miR hsa-miR-34a. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RefSeq Transcript ID 
                   
               
               
                 Gene Symbol 
                 (Pruitt et al., 2005) 
                 Δ log 2   
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 15E1.2 
                 NM_176818 
                 −0.855883 
               
               
                 AADAC 
                 NM_001086 
                 1.4245 
               
               
                 ABAT 
                 NM_000663///NM_020686 
                 2.09337 
               
               
                 ABCA1 
                 NM_005502 
                 1.74697 
               
               
                 ABCB6///ATG9A 
                 NM_005689///NM_024085 
                 −1.58186 
               
               
                 ABHD3 
                 NM_138340 
                 0.867787 
               
               
                 ABLIM3 
                 NM_014945 
                 1.3482 
               
               
                 ADARB1 
                 NM_001033049///NM_001112/// 
                 0.842409 
               
               
                   
                 NM_015833///NM_015834 
               
               
                 ADM 
                 NM_001124 
                 1.0206 
               
               
                 ADRB2 
                 NM_000024 
                 0.987993 
               
               
                 AER61 
                 NM_173654 
                 1.06132 
               
               
                 AGR2 
                 NM_006408 
                 −0.735648 
               
               
                 AIP 
                 NM_003977 
                 −0.81314 
               
               
                 AKAP12 
                 NM_005100///NM_144497 
                 1.06844 
               
               
                 AKAP2/// 
                 NM_001004065///NM_007203/// 
                 1.41369 
               
               
                 PALM2-AKAP2 
                 NM_147150 
               
               
                 AMBP 
                 NM_001633 
                 1.8111 
               
               
                 ANG///RNASE4 
                 NM_001145///NM_002937/// 
                 −1.06683 
               
               
                   
                 NM_194430///NM_194431 
               
               
                 ANK3 
                 NM_001149///NM_020987 
                 −1.95944 
               
               
                 ANKRD46 
                 NM_198401 
                 2.27544 
               
               
                 ANXA10 
                 NM_007193 
                 1.47535 
               
               
                 ANXA6 
                 NM_001155///NM_004033 
                 1.04941 
               
               
                 AOX1 
                 NM_001159 
                 0.985795 
               
               
                 APBA2BP 
                 NM_031231///NM_031232 
                 1.38542 
               
               
                 APBB2 
                 NM_173075 
                 1.01175 
               
               
                 APOH 
                 NM_000042 
                 −1.01185 
               
               
                 APOL1 
                 NM_003661///NM_145343/// 
                 1.41657 
               
               
                   
                 NM_145344 
               
               
                 APOL2 
                 NM_030882///NM_145637 
                 1.32603 
               
               
                 APOL6 
                 NM_030641 
                 1.01053 
               
               
                 APP 
                 NM_000484///NM_201413/// 
                 0.81516 
               
               
                   
                 NM_201414 
               
               
                 APPBP2 
                 NM_006380 
                 1.03917 
               
               
                 AQP3 
                 NM_004925 
                 −0.829627 
               
               
                 ARAF 
                 NM_001654 
                 −1.33921 
               
               
                 AREG 
                 NM_001657 
                 −2.00723 
               
               
                 ARHGAP1 
                 NM_004308 
                 −1.34595 
               
               
                 ARHGDIA 
                 NM_004309 
                 −1.3822 
               
               
                 ARHGDIB 
                 NM_001175 
                 0.78956 
               
               
                 ARL2BP 
                 NM_012106 
                 1.41631 
               
               
                 ARMC9 
                 NM_025139 
                 1.27907 
               
               
                 ARTS-1 
                 NM_016442 
                 0.777184 
               
               
                 ATF3 
                 NM_001030287///NM_001674/// 
                 0.803548 
               
               
                   
                 NM_004024 
               
               
                 ATF5 
                 NM_012068 
                 −0.820316 
               
               
                 ATP1B3 
                 NM_001679 
                 −1.26175 
               
               
                 ATP6V0E 
                 NM_003945 
                 1.62158 
               
               
                 ATRX 
                 NM_000489///NM_138270/// 
                 0.701236 
               
               
                   
                 NM_138271 
               
               
                 ATXN1 
                 NM_000332 
                 0.762227 
               
               
                 AURKB 
                 NM_004217 
                 −1.21558 
               
               
                 AVPI1 
                 NM_021732 
                 −1.15695 
               
               
                 AXL 
                 NM_001699///NM_021913 
                 −1.04756 
               
               
                 B3GNT6 
                 NM_006876 
                 0.742494 
               
               
                 B4GALT1 
                 NM_001497 
                 −1.09541 
               
               
                 BASP1 
                 NM_006317 
                 −1.09986 
               
               
                 BCL10 
                 NM_003921 
                 0.945297 
               
               
                 BCL2A1 
                 NM_004049 
                 1.79572 
               
               
                 BEAN 
                 XM_375359 
                 1.43239 
               
               
                 BFSP1 
                 NM_001195 
                 1.83387 
               
               
                 BIRC3 
                 NM_001165///NM_182962 
                 1.38727 
               
               
                 BIRC5 
                 NM_001012270///NM_001012271/// 
                 −1.24824 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001168 
               
               
                 BRCA1 
                 NM_007294///NM_007295/// 
                 −1.22874 
               
               
                   
                 NM_007296///NM_007297/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_007298///NM 007299 
               
               
                 BRCA2 
                 NM_000059 
                 −1.1312 
               
               
                 BRD4 
                 NM_014299///NM_058243 
                 −1.07112 
               
               
                 BTN3A2 
                 NM_007047 
                 1.0274 
               
               
                 BUB1 
                 NM_004336 
                 −0.713041 
               
               
                 C10orf6 
                 NM_018121 
                 1.01113 
               
               
                 C11orf9 
                 NM_013279 
                 −1.08113 
               
               
                 C14orf45 
                 NM_025057 
                 2.47389 
               
               
                 C14orf87 
                 NM_016417 
                 −1.18865 
               
               
                 C16orf35 
                 NM_012075 
                 −1.19951 
               
               
                 C19orf21 
                 NM_173481 
                 −1.30656 
               
               
                 C1orf121 
                 NM_016076 
                 −1.21093 
               
               
                 C1QL1 
                 NM_006688 
                 −1.26437 
               
               
                 C1R 
                 NM_001733 
                 1.02369 
               
               
                 C20orf27 
                 NM_017874 
                 −1.14465 
               
               
                 C20orf28 
                 NM_015417 
                 1.30003 
               
               
                 C3 
                 NM_000064 
                 0.937791 
               
               
                 C5orf13 
                 NM_004772 
                 −1.07726 
               
               
                 C5orf15 
                 NM_020199 
                 0.944249 
               
               
                 C8orf1 
                 NM_004337 
                 0.861254 
               
               
                 C9orf116 
                 NM_144654 
                 1.38283 
               
               
                 C9orf9 
                 NM_018956 
                 1.421 
               
               
                 C9orf95 
                 NM_017881 
                 1.55696 
               
               
                 CA11 
                 NM_001217 
                 −1.18345 
               
               
                 CA8 
                 NM_004056 
                 1.55625 
               
               
                 CABYR 
                 NM_012189///NM_138643/// 
                 1.04961 
               
               
                   
                 NM_138644///NM_153768/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_153769///NM_153770 
               
               
                 CACNA1G 
                 NM_018896///NM_198376/// 
                 −0.901954 
               
               
                   
                 NM_198377///NM_198378// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_198379///NM_198380 
               
               
                 CALM1 
                 NM_006888 
                 0.813961 
               
               
                 CAP1 
                 NM_006367 
                 −0.896135 
               
               
                 CAP2 
                 NM_006366 
                 1.09193 
               
               
                 CASP2 
                 NM_001224///NM_032982/// 
                 −1.28474 
               
               
                   
                 NM_032983 
               
               
                 CASP7 
                 NM_001227///NM_033338/// 
                 1.03974 
               
               
                   
                 NM_033339///NM_033340 
               
               
                 CCL2 
                 NM_002982 
                 1.36514 
               
               
                 CCL20 
                 NM_004591 
                 1.62138 
               
               
                 CCNA2 
                 NM_001237 
                 −1.41379 
               
               
                 CCND1 
                 NM_053056 
                 −0.930676 
               
               
                 CCND3 
                 NM_001760 
                 −0.771789 
               
               
                 CDC23 
                 NM_004661 
                 −1.32857 
               
               
                 CDC42BPA 
                 NM_003607///NM_014826 
                 0.74279 
               
               
                 CDCP1 
                 NM_022842///NM_178181 
                 1.1641 
               
               
                 CDH17 
                 NM_004063 
                 −1.03903 
               
               
                 CDK4 
                 NM_000075 
                 −1.76673 
               
               
                 CDK5R1 
                 NM_003885 
                 1.09117 
               
               
                 CDKN2C 
                 NM_001262///NM_078626 
                 −0.851676 
               
               
                 CDKN3 
                 NM_005192 
                 −1.19066 
               
               
                 CDR2 
                 NM_001802 
                 1.24562 
               
               
                 CDS1 
                 NM_001263 
                 0.88342 
               
               
                 Cep290 
                 NM_025114 
                 0.813496 
               
               
                 CFH 
                 NM_000186///NM_001014975 
                 −1.05346 
               
               
                 CFH///CFHL1 
                 NM_000186///NM_001014975/// 
                 −1.6016 
               
               
                   
                 NM_002113 
               
               
                 CFLAR 
                 NM_003879 
                 1.07147 
               
               
                 CGI-48 
                 NM_016001 
                 1.12004 
               
               
                 CHAF1A 
                 NM_005483 
                 −1.42704 
               
               
                 CHES1 
                 NM_005197 
                 −2.11775 
               
               
                 CHGB 
                 NM_001819 
                 −0.857594 
               
               
                 CHST11 
                 NM_018413 
                 1.40436 
               
               
                 CLCN4 
                 NM_001830 
                 1.14064 
               
               
                 CLDN1 
                 NM_021101 
                 1.28975 
               
               
                 CLDN3 
                 NM_001306 
                 0.900833 
               
               
                 CLDN4 
                 NM_001305 
                 1.28122 
               
               
                 CLN8 
                 NM_018941 
                 1.24729 
               
               
                 CLU 
                 NM_001831///NM_203339 
                 0.953076 
               
               
                 CMAS 
                 NM_018686 
                 1.01336 
               
               
                 CMKOR1 
                 NM_020311 
                 2.19002 
               
               
                 COL11A1 
                 NM_001854///NM_080629/// 
                 1.3148 
               
               
                   
                 NM_080630 
               
               
                 COL13A1 
                 NM_005203///NM_080798/// 
                 0.853876 
               
               
                   
                 NM_080799///NM_080800/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_080801///NM 080802 
               
               
                 COL4A1 
                 NM_001845 
                 1.56564 
               
               
                 COL5A1 
                 NM_000093 
                 1.15906 
               
               
                 COL6A1 
                 NM_001848 
                 1.59125 
               
               
                 COL6A2 
                 NM_001849///NM_058174/// 
                 2.06239 
               
               
                   
                 NM_058175 
               
               
                 COL7A1 
                 NM_000094 
                 0.793168 
               
               
                 CPS1 
                 NM_001875 
                 −2.32498 
               
               
                 CPT2 
                 NM_000098 
                 1.00281 
               
               
                 CRIP2 
                 NM_001312 
                 −0.922219 
               
               
                 CRISPLD2 
                 NM_031476 
                 2.81469 
               
               
                 CSF2RA 
                 NM_006140///NM_172245/// 
                 1.00137 
               
               
                   
                 NM_172246///NM_172247/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_172248///NM_172249 
               
               
                 CTDSPL 
                 NM_001008392 ///NM_005808 
                 −1.2227 
               
               
                 CTGF 
                 NM_001901 
                 2.2556 
               
               
                 CTH 
                 NM_001902///NM_153742 
                 0.748163 
               
               
                 CTNND1 
                 NM_001331 
                 −1.28384 
               
               
                 CTSB 
                 NM_001908///NM_147780/// 
                 −1.17728 
               
               
                   
                 NM_147781///NM_147782/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_147783 
               
               
                 CTSS 
                 NM_004079 
                 1.6643 
               
               
                 CXCL1 
                 NM_001511 
                 1.86327 
               
               
                 CXCL2 
                 NM_002089 
                 0.973392 
               
               
                 CXCL3 
                 NM_002090 
                 1.63863 
               
               
                 CXCL5 
                 NM_002994 
                 1.64645 
               
               
                 CXCR4 
                 NM_001008540///NM_003467 
                 2.06112 
               
               
                 CXX1 
                 NM_003928 
                 −1.38111 
               
               
                 CYB5-M 
                 NM_030579 
                 −1.01749 
               
               
                 CYP2C9///CYP2C9 
                 NM_000769///NM_000771 
                 1.17496 
               
               
                 CYP2C9 
                 NM_000771 
                 1.05268 
               
               
                 CYP2R1 
                 NM_024514 
                 −1.13015 
               
               
                 CYP3A5 
                 NM_000777 
                 1.13947 
               
               
                 CYP4F11 
                 NM_021187 
                 0.775712 
               
               
                 CYR61 
                 NM_001554 
                 1.08188 
               
               
                 D2LIC 
                 NM_001012665///NM_015522/// 
                 1.14403 
               
               
                   
                 NM_016008 
               
               
                 DCBLD2 
                 NM_080927 
                 0.827395 
               
               
                 DCP2 
                 NM_152624 
                 2.01114 
               
               
                 DDAH1 
                 NM_012137 
                 1.95701 
               
               
                 DDC 
                 NM_000790 
                 −0.79769 
               
               
                 DDX3Y 
                 NM_004660 
                 1.33289 
               
               
                 DDX58 
                 NM_014314 
                 1.23454 
               
               
                 DGAT1 
                 NM_012079 
                 −1.47631 
               
               
                 DHFR 
                 NM_000791 
                 −1.11281 
               
               
                 DIPA 
                 NM_006848 
                 −1.01009 
               
               
                 DKFZP564B147 
                 — 
                 −1.39981 
               
               
                 DKFZP564J102 
                 NM_001006655///NM_015398 
                 1.24965 
               
               
                 DKFZp564K142 
                 NM_032121 
                 −1.75645 
               
               
                 DKK3 
                 NM_001018057///NM_013253/// 
                 1.3607 
               
               
                   
                 NM_015881 
               
               
                 DNAJB4 
                 NM_007034 
                 1.02763 
               
               
                 DOCK4 
                 NM_014705 
                 1.59892 
               
               
                 DPYSL3 
                 NM_001387 
                 1.11349 
               
               
                 DSU 
                 NM_018000 
                 1.07415 
               
               
                 DTL 
                 NM_016448 
                 −1.32027 
               
               
                 DTYMK 
                 NM_012145 
                 −1.11353 
               
               
                 DUSP10 
                 NM_007207///NM_144728/// 
                 1.01454 
               
               
                   
                 NM_144729 
               
               
                 DUSP6 
                 NM_001946///NM_022652 
                 1.14972 
               
               
                 E2F5 
                 NM_001951 
                 −1.68328 
               
               
                 E2F8 
                 NM_024680 
                 −1.2799 
               
               
                 EEF1D 
                 NM_001960///NM_032378 
                 0.808336 
               
               
                 EFHD2 
                 NM_024329 
                 −1.13016 
               
               
                 EHF 
                 NM_012153 
                 0.820509 
               
               
                 EI24 
                 NM_001007277///NM_004879 
                 −0.767372 
               
               
                 EIF2C2 
                 NM_012154 
                 1.22563 
               
               
                 EIF3S3 
                 NM_003756 
                 −1.08841 
               
               
                 ELOVL6 
                 NM_024090 
                 0.749146 
               
               
                 EML1 
                 NM_001008707///NM_004434 
                 0.992653 
               
               
                 ENO2 
                 NM_001975 
                 1.0967 
               
               
                 ENTPD7 
                 NM_020354 
                 1.23228 
               
               
                 F3 
                 NM_001993 
                 1.53096 
               
               
                 F8 
                 NM_000132///NM_019863 
                 −1.39114 
               
               
                 F8A1 
                 NM_012151 
                 −1.18147 
               
               
                 FA2H 
                 NM_024306 
                 0.714692 
               
               
                 FAM18B 
                 NM_016078 
                 1.0362 
               
               
                 FAM63B 
                 NM_019092 
                 1.02997 
               
               
                 FAS 
                 NM_000043///NM_152871/// 
                 0.737731 
               
               
                   
                 NM_152872///NM_152873/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_152874///NM_152875 
               
               
                 FBN1 
                 NM_000138 
                 1.06594 
               
               
                 FBN2 
                 NM_001999 
                 1.11832 
               
               
                 FBXO17 
                 NM_024907///NM_148169 
                 −1.12512 
               
               
                 FBXO5 
                 NM_012177 
                 −1.05957 
               
               
                 FCHO1 
                 NM_015122 
                 −1.09992 
               
               
                 FEN1 
                 NM_004111 
                 −1.20162 
               
               
                 FGB 
                 NM_005141 
                 −0.991096 
               
               
                 FGG 
                 NM_000509///NM_021870 
                 −1.78384 
               
               
                 FKBP1B 
                 NM_004116///NM_054033 
                 −0.996887 
               
               
                 FLJ11259 
                 NM_018370 
                 1.30773 
               
               
                 FLJ13646 
                 NM_024584 
                 1.0188 
               
               
                 FLJ13868 
                 NM_022744 
                 −1.04136 
               
               
                 FLJ13910 
                 NM_022780 
                 1.17407 
               
               
                 FLJ13912 
                 NM_022770 
                 −1.55113 
               
               
                 FLJ14054 
                 NM_024563 
                 1.12612 
               
               
                 FLJ14154 
                 NM_024845 
                 −1.12589 
               
               
                 FLJ20035 
                 NM_017631 
                 1.07444 
               
               
                 FLJ20232 
                 NM_019008 
                 −0.851064 
               
               
                 FLJ20489 
                 NM_017842 
                 −1.26837 
               
               
                 FLJ20641 
                 NM_017915 
                 −1.02578 
               
               
                 FLOT2 
                 NM_004475 
                 −1.00905 
               
               
                 FLRT3 
                 NM_013281///NM_198391 
                 −1.49078 
               
               
                 FNBP1 
                 NM_015033 
                 0.999242 
               
               
                 FOSL1 
                 NM_005438 
                 −1.0541 
               
               
                 FOXM1 
                 NM_021953///NM_202002/// 
                 −1.34628 
               
               
                   
                 NM_202003 
               
               
                 FSTL1 
                 NM_007085 
                 1.29027 
               
               
                 FXYD2 
                 NM_001680///NM_021603 
                 −0.920405 
               
               
                 FYN 
                 NM_002037///NM_153047/// 
                 1.28966 
               
               
                   
                 NM_153048 
               
               
                 G0S2 
                 NM_015714 
                 1.60366 
               
               
                 G1P2 
                 NM_005101 
                 0.807471 
               
               
                 GABRA5 
                 NM_000810 
                 −1.43837 
               
               
                 GALNT12 
                 NM_024642 
                 1.75421 
               
               
                 GALNT7 
                 NM_017423 
                 −1.14234 
               
               
                 GATA6 
                 NM_005257 
                 1.09598 
               
               
                 GBP1 
                 NM_002053 
                 1.32314 
               
               
                 GCC2 
                 NM_014635///NM_181453 
                 1.23268 
               
               
                 GFPT1 
                 NM_002056 
                 1.19864 
               
               
                 GFPT2 
                 NM_005110 
                 1.45232 
               
               
                 GK 
                 NM_000167///NM_203391 
                 0.735192 
               
               
                 GLI2 
                 NM_005270///NM_030379/// 
                 −1.02394 
               
               
                   
                 NM_030380///NM_030381 
               
               
                 GLIPR1 
                 NM_006851 
                 0.816274 
               
               
                 GLRB 
                 NM_000824 
                 1.12977 
               
               
                 GLS 
                 NM_014905 
                 1.38843 
               
               
                 GMNN 
                 NM_015895 
                 −1.55685 
               
               
                 GNPDA1 
                 NM_005471 
                 −1.14252 
               
               
                 GORASP2 
                 NM_015530 
                 −1.22635 
               
               
                 GPNMB 
                 NM_001005340///NM_002510 
                 −0.703249 
               
               
                 GPR64 
                 NM_005756 
                 −0.77618 
               
               
                 GRB14 
                 NM_004490 
                 −1.12651 
               
               
                 GREB1 
                 NM_014668///NM_033090/// 
                 1.51175 
               
               
                   
                 NM_148903 
               
               
                 GREM1 
                 NM_013372 
                 −0.893265 
               
               
                 GRN 
                 NM_001012479///NM_002087 
                 −1.11409 
               
               
                 GTSE1 
                 NM_016426 
                 −1.27331 
               
               
                 GTSE1/// 
                 NM_016426///XM_498882 
                 −1.0392 
               
               
                 LOC440834 
               
               
                 GYG2 
                 NM_003918 
                 0.926289 
               
               
                 HAS2 
                 NM_005328 
                 −1.34767 
               
               
                 HCFC1R1 
                 NM_001002017///NM_001002018/// 
                 −1.0654 
               
               
                   
                 NM_017885 
               
               
                 HDAC1 
                 NM_004964 
                 −1.05125 
               
               
                 HEG 
                 XM_087386 
                 1.19039 
               
               
                 HEG1 
                 XM_087386 
                 1.06359 
               
               
                 HGD 
                 NM_000187 
                 −1.27525 
               
               
                 HIC2 
                 NM_015094 
                 0.843232 
               
               
                 HIPK3 
                 NM_005734 
                 0.799874 
               
               
                 HIST1H2BC 
                 NM_003526 
                 1.4508 
               
               
                 HIST1H3H 
                 NM_003536 
                 −1.03906 
               
               
                 HLX1 
                 NM_021958 
                 1.53759 
               
               
                 HMGCS1 
                 NM_002130 
                 0.733341 
               
               
                 HMGN4 
                 NM_006353 
                 −1.07679 
               
               
                 HMMR 
                 NM_012484///NM_012485 
                 −1.06157 
               
               
                 HMOX1 
                 NM_002133 
                 0.893265 
               
               
                 HOMER3 
                 NM_004838 
                 1.01188 
               
               
                 HOXA1 
                 NM_005522///NM_153620 
                 1.31491 
               
               
                 HS3ST1 
                 NM_005114 
                 1.03666 
               
               
                 HSPB8 
                 NM_014365 
                 1.31482 
               
               
                 ID1 
                 NM_002165///NM_181353 
                 −1.3088 
               
               
                 ID2 
                 NM_002166 
                 −1.50607 
               
               
                 ID2///ID2B 
                 NM_002166 
                 −1.61007 
               
               
                 ID3 
                 NM_002167 
                 −1.03804 
               
               
                 IDH2 
                 NM_002168 
                 1.16927 
               
               
                 IER3IP1 
                 NM_016097 
                 0.98312 
               
               
                 IFI16 
                 NM_005531 
                 0.99528 
               
               
                 IFIH1 
                 NM_022168 
                 0.938476 
               
               
                 IFIT1 
                 NM_001001887///NM_001548 
                 1.76266 
               
               
                 IFRD1 
                 NM_001007245///NM_001550 
                 0.812747 
               
               
                 IFRD2 
                 NM_006764 
                 −1.20507 
               
               
                 IGFBP4 
                 NM_001552 
                 −1.01275 
               
               
                 IL11 
                 NM_000641 
                 1.10331 
               
               
                 IL1A 
                 NM_000575 
                 1.88862 
               
               
                 IL1R1 
                 NM_000877 
                 −0.832301 
               
               
                 IL1RAP 
                 NM_002182///NM_134470 
                 1.56258 
               
               
                 IL27RA 
                 NM_004843 
                 1.01889 
               
               
                 IL32 
                 NM_001012631///NM_001012632/// 
                 2.58763 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001012633///NM_001012634/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001012635 
               
               
                 IL6ST 
                 NM_002184///NM_175767 
                 1.20628 
               
               
                 IL8 
                 NM_000584 
                 2.90711 
               
               
                 INHBB 
                 NM_002193 
                 −1.01429 
               
               
                 INHBC 
                 NM_005538 
                 0.916297 
               
               
                 INSL4 
                 NM_002195 
                 −2.29905 
               
               
                 IQCG 
                 NM_032263 
                 1.29597 
               
               
                 IRF1 
                 NM_002198 
                 1.09282 
               
               
                 IRF7 
                 NM_001572///NM_004029/// 
                 1.24714 
               
               
                   
                 NM_004030///NM_004031 
               
               
                 ITGA2 
                 NM_002203 
                 1.3846 
               
               
                 ITGAM 
                 NM_000632 
                 1.03569 
               
               
                 ITGB3 
                 NM_000212 
                 2.03731 
               
               
                 ITGB6 
                 NM_000888 
                 1.06132 
               
               
                 ITPR2 
                 NM_002223 
                 1.54371 
               
               
                 JUN 
                 NM_002228 
                 1.11893 
               
               
                 KCNE4 
                 NM_080671 
                 1.31528 
               
               
                 KCNK3 
                 NM_002246 
                 −0.767345 
               
               
                 KCNMA1 
                 NM_001014797///NM_002247 
                 1.01352 
               
               
                 KIAA0101 
                 NM_001029989///NM_014736 
                 −1.27609 
               
               
                 KIAA0527 
                 XM_171054 
                 1.01808 
               
               
                 KIAA0746 
                 NM_015187 
                 1.22625 
               
               
                 KIAA0754 
                 — 
                 2.35948 
               
               
                 KIAA0882 
                 NM_015130 
                 0.882798 
               
               
                 KIAA1164 
                 NM_019092 
                 1.35213 
               
               
                 KIF11 
                 NM_004523 
                 −1.2027 
               
               
                 KLC2 
                 NM_022822 
                 −0.758469 
               
               
                 KLF4 
                 NM_004235 
                 −0.76891 
               
               
                 KRT15 
                 NM_002275 
                 0.729419 
               
               
                 KRT20 
                 NM_019010 
                 1.03241 
               
               
                 KRT7 
                 NM_005556 
                 0.796089 
               
               
                 LAMC2 
                 NM_005562///NM_018891 
                 1.19341 
               
               
                 LARP6 
                 NM_018357///NM_197958 
                 0.84099 
               
               
                 LASS6 
                 NM_203463 
                 −1.05783 
               
               
                 LEPR 
                 NM_001003679///NM_001003680/// 
                 1.42733 
               
               
                   
                 NM_002303 
               
               
                 LEPREL1 
                 NM_018192 
                 −0.824854 
               
               
                 LGR4 
                 NM_018490 
                 −1.37431 
               
               
                 LHX2 
                 NM_004789 
                 −0.793849 
               
               
                 LITAF 
                 NM_004862 
                 −1.40923 
               
               
                 LMAN1 
                 NM_005570 
                 −1.21429 
               
               
                 LMAN2L 
                 NM_030805 
                 −1.16601 
               
               
                 LMO4 
                 NM_006769 
                 −1.1335 
               
               
                 LNK 
                 NM_005475 
                 1.36739 
               
               
                 LOC137886 
                 XM_059929 
                 −0.909709 
               
               
                 LOC146909 
                 XM_085634 
                 −1.13528 
               
               
                 LOC492304 
                 NM_001007139 
                 1.00913 
               
               
                 LOC54103 
                 NM_017439 
                 1.16544 
               
               
                 LOC93349 
                 NM_138402 
                 1.36353 
               
               
                 LOXL2 
                 NM_002318 
                 0.949739 
               
               
                 LPIN1 
                 NM_145693 
                 0.823449 
               
               
                 LRP12 
                 NM_013437 
                 0.734031 
               
               
                 LRP8 
                 NM_001018054///NM_004631/// 
                 1.22738 
               
               
                   
                 NM_017522///NM_033300 
               
               
                 LRRC40 
                 NM_017768 
                 −1.24993 
               
               
                 LRRC48 
                 NM_031294 
                 1.14188 
               
               
                 LRRC54 
                 NM_015516 
                 −1.2155 
               
               
                 LSM2 
                 NM_021177 
                 −1.23146 
               
               
                 LUM 
                 NM_002345 
                 −0.973319 
               
               
                 LY6E 
                 NM_002346 
                 −1.06222 
               
               
                 LYPD1 
                 NM_144586 
                 0.70258 
               
               
                 LYST 
                 NM_000081///NM_001005736 
                 1.42511 
               
               
                 LZTFL1 
                 NM_020347 
                 1.40668 
               
               
                 MAFF 
                 NM_012323///NM_152878 
                 2.14921 
               
               
                 MAP1B 
                 NM_005909///NM_032010 
                 1.22773 
               
               
                 MAP3K1 
                 XM_042066 
                 1.11883 
               
               
                 MAP3K11 
                 NM_002419 
                 −1.57495 
               
               
                 MAP7 
                 NM_003980 
                 −1.28946 
               
               
                 MARCH8 
                 NM_001002265///NM_001002266/// 
                 −1.25289 
               
               
                   
                 NM_145021 
               
               
                 MCAM 
                 NM_006500 
                 1.0908 
               
               
                 MCL1 
                 NM_021960///NM_182763 
                 1.03645 
               
               
                 MCM10 
                 NM_018518///NM_182751 
                 −1.04264 
               
               
                 MCM2 
                 NM_004526 
                 −1.57773 
               
               
                 MCM3 
                 NM_002388 
                 −1.51854 
               
               
                 MCM5 
                 NM_006739 
                 −1.91411 
               
               
                 MEG3 
                 XR_000167///XR_000277 
                 1.08666 
               
               
                 MERTK 
                 NM_006343 
                 1.0367 
               
               
                 MET 
                 NM_000245 
                 −1.20442 
               
               
                 MFN2 
                 NM_014874 
                 −0.815974 
               
               
                 MGAM 
                 NM_004668 
                 0.708327 
               
               
                 MGC35048 
                 NM_153208 
                 1.00046 
               
               
                 MGC5508 
                 NM_024092 
                 −1.37543 
               
               
                 MGC5618 
                 — 
                 1.1505 
               
               
                 MICAL1 
                 NM_022765 
                 1.12473 
               
               
                 MK167 
                 NM_002417 
                 −1.30259 
               
               
                 MKL1 
                 NM_020831 
                 −1.03444 
               
               
                 MLF1 
                 NM_022443 
                 0.859795 
               
               
                 MMP7 
                 NM_002423 
                 1.42996 
               
               
                 MPHOSPH6 
                 NM_005792 
                 −1.07128 
               
               
                 MTUS1 
                 NM_001001924///NM_001001925/// 
                 −1.42746 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001001927///NM_001001931/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_020749 
               
               
                 MXD4 
                 NM_006454 
                 1.0247 
               
               
                 MYBL2 
                 NM_002466 
                 −1.10263 
               
               
                 MYL5 
                 NM_002477 
                 1.66702 
               
               
                 MYL9 
                 NM_006097///NM_181526 
                 0.803112 
               
               
                 NALP1 
                 NM_001033053///NM_014922/// 
                 2.07583 
               
               
                   
                 NM_033004///NM_033006/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_033007 
               
               
                 NAP1L3 
                 NM_004538 
                 1.09345 
               
               
                 NAV3 
                 NM_014903 
                 0.770001 
               
               
                 NCF2 
                 NM_000433 
                 2.29517 
               
               
                 NEFL 
                 NM_006158 
                 1.17139 
               
               
                 NF1 
                 NM_000267 
                 −0.778589 
               
               
                 NF2 
                 NM_000268///NM_016418/// 
                 1.00874 
               
               
                   
                 NM_181825///NM_181826/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_181827///NM_181828 
               
               
                 NFE2L3 
                 NM_004289 
                 1.08319 
               
               
                 NFKB2 
                 NM_002502 
                 1.35547 
               
               
                 NFYC 
                 NM_014223 
                 −1.09134 
               
               
                 NID1 
                 NM_002508 
                 1.17206 
               
               
                 NINJ1 
                 NM_004148 
                 −1.06946 
               
               
                 NMT2 
                 NM_004808 
                 1.02347 
               
               
                 NMU 
                 NM_006681 
                 −1.88419 
               
               
                 NNMT 
                 NM_006169 
                 0.739662 
               
               
                 NPC1 
                 NM_000271 
                 0.893962 
               
               
                 NPR3 
                 NM_000908 
                 1.52387 
               
               
                 NPTX1 
                 NM_002522 
                 −1.77152 
               
               
                 NR1D2 
                 NM_005126 
                 0.808897 
               
               
                 NR4A2 
                 NM_006186///NM_173171/// 
                 −1.74346 
               
               
                   
                 NM_173172///NM_173173 
               
               
                 NRP2 
                 NM_003872///NM_018534/// 
                 1.23016 
               
               
                   
                 NM_201264///NM_201266/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_201267///NM_201279 
               
               
                 NT5E 
                 NM_002526 
                 1.91748 
               
               
                 NUCKS 
                 NM_022731 
                 1.3771 
               
               
                 NUMA1 
                 NM_006185 
                 −1.01356 
               
               
                 NUP210 
                 NM_024923 
                 −1.4912 
               
               
                 NXN 
                 NM_022463 
                 1.0689 
               
               
                 OBSL1 
                 XM_051017 
                 0.804699 
               
               
                 OLFM1 
                 NM_006334///NM_014279/// 
                 1.31915 
               
               
                   
                 NM_058199 
               
               
                 OLR1 
                 NM_002543 
                 1.31356 
               
               
                 OPLAH 
                 NM_017570 
                 1.35807 
               
               
                 OPTN 
                 NM_001008211///NM_001008212/// 
                 0.915075 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001008213///NM_021980 
               
               
                 OSTM1 
                 NM_014028 
                 1.16133 
               
               
                 OXTR 
                 NM_000916 
                 1.33936 
               
               
                 P4HA2 
                 NM_001017973///NM_001017974/// 
                 1.251 
               
               
                   
                 NM_004199 
               
               
                 PALM2-AKAP2 
                 NM_007203///NM_147150 
                 1.06286 
               
               
                 PAOX 
                 NM_152911///NM_207125/// 
                 1.32238 
               
               
                   
                 NM_207126///NM_207127/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_207128///NM_207129 
               
               
                 PARP12 
                 NM_022750 
                 1.27777 
               
               
                 PBX1 
                 NM_002585 
                 −1.08862 
               
               
                 PCDH9 
                 NM_020403///NM_203487 
                 −1.05152 
               
               
                 PCTK1 
                 NM_006201///NM_033018 
                 −0.814496 
               
               
                 PDCD2 
                 NM_002598///NM_144781 
                 −0.90548 
               
               
                 PDE4B 
                 NM_002600 
                 −1.7473 
               
               
                 PDE4D 
                 NM_006203 
                 −1.12303 
               
               
                 PDZK1IP1 
                 NM_005764 
                 1.13804 
               
               
                 PEF1 
                 NM_012392 
                 −1.28292 
               
               
                 PEG10 
                 XM_496907///XM_499343 
                 −1.64969 
               
               
                 PELI1 
                 NM_020651 
                 1.0763 
               
               
                 PER2 
                 NM_003894///NM_022817 
                 −1.64048 
               
               
                 Pfs2 
                 NM_016095 
                 −1.22956 
               
               
                 PGK1 
                 NM_000291 
                 1.53422 
               
               
                 PHTF2 
                 NM_020432 
                 1.08747 
               
               
                 PICALM 
                 NM_001008660///NM_007166 
                 1.1885 
               
               
                 PIK3CD 
                 NM_005026 
                 1.29341 
               
               
                 PLA2G4A 
                 NM_024420 
                 −1.19118 
               
               
                 PLAT 
                 NM_000930///NM_000931/// 
                 2.06312 
               
               
                   
                 NM_033011 
               
               
                 PLAU 
                 NM_002658 
                 1.21635 
               
               
                 PLK1 
                 NM_005030 
                 −1.10785 
               
               
                 PLK2 
                 NM_006622 
                 1.14877 
               
               
                 PMAIP1 
                 NM_021127 
                 1.0331 
               
               
                 PMCH 
                 NM_002674 
                 0.725383 
               
               
                 PNMA2 
                 NM_007257 
                 1.10051 
               
               
                 PODXL 
                 NM_001018111///NM_005397 
                 0.921137 
               
               
                 POLD1 
                 NM_002691 
                 −1.00577 
               
               
                 PON3 
                 NM_000940 
                 −1.26855 
               
               
                 PPIF 
                 NM_005729 
                 1.61265 
               
               
                 PPL 
                 NM_002705 
                 0.826009 
               
               
                 PPM1H 
                 XM_350880 
                 0.821443 
               
               
                 PPP1R11 
                 NM_021959///NM_170781 
                 −1.67093 
               
               
                 PRG1 
                 NM_002727 
                 1.04852 
               
               
                 PRKAG2 
                 NM_016203 
                 1.13711 
               
               
                 PR01843 
                 — 
                 0.847903 
               
               
                 PROSC 
                 NM_007198 
                 −0.990835 
               
               
                 PRRG1 
                 NM_000950 
                 1.04821 
               
               
                 PSF1 
                 NM_021067 
                 −1.54127 
               
               
                 PSMB8 
                 NM_004159///NM_148919 
                 1.00254 
               
               
                 PSMB9 
                 NM_002800///NM_148954 
                 1.29194 
               
               
                 PSME3 
                 NM_005789///NM_176863 
                 −1.18026 
               
               
                 PTD008 
                 NM_016145 
                 −1.07111 
               
               
                 PTENP1 
                 — 
                 0.949168 
               
               
                 PTGES 
                 NM_004878///NM_198797 
                 1.11408 
               
               
                 PTHLH 
                 NM_002820///NM_198964/// 
                 1.17104 
               
               
                   
                 NM_198965///NM_198966 
               
               
                 PTK9 
                 NM_002822///NM_198974 
                 0.721157 
               
               
                 PTMS 
                 NM_002824 
                 −1.31775 
               
               
                 PTPN13 
                 NM_006264///NM_080683/// 
                 1.36372 
               
               
                   
                 NM_080684///NM_080685 
               
               
                 PTPRE 
                 NM_006504///NM_130435 
                 1.05644 
               
               
                 PTX3 
                 NM_002852 
                 0.863389 
               
               
                 PYCARD 
                 NM_013258///NM_145182/// 
                 1.62445 
               
               
                   
                 NM_145183 
               
               
                 QDPR 
                 NM_000320 
                 −0.887924 
               
               
                 QKI 
                 NM_006775///NM_206853/// 
                 1.48545 
               
               
                   
                 NM_206854///NM_206855 
               
               
                 R3HDM1 
                 NM_015361 
                 −1.54935 
               
               
                 RAB11FIP1 
                 NM_001002233///NM_001002814/// 
                 1.18165 
               
               
                   
                 NM_025151 
               
               
                 RAB2 
                 NM_002865 
                 1.62595 
               
               
                 RAB32 
                 NM_006834 
                 0.740628 
               
               
                 RAB40B 
                 NM_006822 
                 1.14546 
               
               
                 RABL2B/// 
                 NM_001003789///NM_007081/// 
               
               
                 RABL2A 
                 NM_007082///NM_013412 
                 1.00643 
               
               
                 RAFTLIN 
                 NM_015150 
                 2.59733 
               
               
                 RAI14 
                 NM_015577 
                 1.02269 
               
               
                 RARRES3 
                 NM_004585 
                 2.02476 
               
               
                 RASGRP1 
                 NM_005739 
                 1.60245 
               
               
                 RASSF2 
                 NM_014737///NM_170773/// 
                 1.07132 
               
               
                   
                 NM_170774 
               
               
                 RBL1 
                 NM_002895///NM_183404 
                 −0.72568 
               
               
                 RFC3 
                 NM_002915///NM_181558 
                 −1.20326 
               
               
                 RFC5 
                 NM_007370///NM_181578 
                 −0.923417 
               
               
                 RGS2 
                 NM_002923 
                 0.835083 
               
               
                 RGS20 
                 NM_003702///NM_170587 
                 0.993551 
               
               
                 RHEB 
                 NM_005614 
                 1.18155 
               
               
                 RHOB 
                 NM_004040 
                 0.954741 
               
               
                 RHOBTB1 
                 NM_001032380///NM_014836/// 
                 0.946447 
               
               
                   
                 NM_198225 
               
               
                 RIG 
                 — 
                 1.78907 
               
               
                 RIP 
                 NM_001033002///NM_032308 
                 1.2185 
               
               
                 RIT1 
                 NM_006912 
                 1.32862 
               
               
                 RNASE4 
                 NM_002937///NM_194430/// 
                 −1.4534 
               
               
                   
                 NM_194431 
               
               
                 RP2 
                 NM_006915 
                 2.06464 
               
               
                 RPL38 
                 NM_000999 
                 1.08656 
               
               
                 RPS11 
                 NM_001015 
                 0.858194 
               
               
                 RPS6KA5 
                 NM_004755///NM_182398 
                 1.22551 
               
               
                 RRAD 
                 NM_004165 
                 0.849368 
               
               
                 RRAS 
                 NM_006270 
                 −1.79851 
               
               
                 RRM2 
                 NM_001034 
                 −0.831449 
               
               
                 RSAD1 
                 NM_018346 
                 −0.772167 
               
               
                 S100P 
                 NM_005980 
                 −0.746607 
               
               
                 SAC3D1 
                 NM_013299 
                 −1.247 
               
               
                 SAMD4 
                 NM_015589 
                 1.21723 
               
               
                 SCML1 
                 NM_006746 
                 0.853621 
               
               
                 SCYL3 
                 NM_020423///NM_181093 
                 1.19418 
               
               
                 SDC1 
                 NM_001006946///NM_002997 
                 −0.818833 
               
               
                 SEC14L1 
                 NM_003003 
                 1.44887 
               
               
                 SEC23B 
                 NM_006363///NM_032985/// 
                 1.0317 
               
               
                   
                 NM_032986 
               
               
                 SEC24A 
                 XM_094581 
                 1.18465 
               
               
                 SEMA3C 
                 NM_006379 
                 0.835585 
               
               
                 SERPINB9 
                 NM_004155 
                 0.82615 
               
               
                 SERPINE1 
                 NM_000602 
                 1.30668 
               
               
                 SERPINE2 
                 NM_006216 
                 1.32701 
               
               
                 SGPP1 
                 NM_030791 
                 −1.67675 
               
               
                 SGSH 
                 NM_000199 
                 1.00616 
               
               
                 SH3GL1 
                 NM_003025 
                 −1.28343 
               
               
                 SHCBP1 
                 NM_024745 
                 −1.26362 
               
               
                 SHOX2 
                 NM_003030///NM_006884 
                 0.907587 
               
               
                 SIRT1 
                 NM_012238 
                 −1.12384 
               
               
                 SLC11A2 
                 NM_000617 
                 0.999393 
               
               
                 SLC1A1 
                 NM_004170 
                 2.35948 
               
               
                 SLC29A1 
                 NM_004955 
                 −1.75863 
               
               
                 SLC35B1 
                 NM_005827 
                 −0.71379 
               
               
                 SLC4A4 
                 NM_003759 
                 −0.800469 
               
               
                 SLC6A6 
                 NM_003043 
                 1.00156 
               
               
                 SLC7A11 
                 NM_014331 
                 0.710721 
               
               
                 SLC7A5 
                 NM_003486 
                 −1.19768 
               
               
                 SLCO2B1 
                 NM_007256 
                 1.19404 
               
               
                 SMAD3 
                 NM_005902 
                 1.17331 
               
               
                 SMURF2 
                 NM_022739 
                 1.68208 
               
               
                 SNX16 
                 NM_022133///NM_152836/// 
                 1.09618 
               
               
                   
                 NM_152837 
               
               
                 SOD2 
                 NM_000636///NM_001024465/// 
                 1.45843 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001024466 
               
               
                 SOX18 
                 NM_018419 
                 1.41328 
               
               
                 SPARC 
                 NM_003118 
                 1.52227 
               
               
                 SPBC25 
                 NM_020675 
                 −1.4866 
               
               
                 SPFH1 
                 NM_006459 
                 −1.8131 
               
               
                 SPFH2 
                 NM_001003790///NM_001003791/// 
                 0.942632 
               
               
                   
                 NM_007175 
               
               
                 SPHK1 
                 NM_021972///NM_182965 
                 1.1223 
               
               
                 SPTBN1 
                 NM_003128///NM_178313 
                 0.857646 
               
               
                 SQRDL 
                 NM_021199 
                 1.28491 
               
               
                 SRM 
                 NM_003132 
                 −1.08855 
               
               
                 STC1 
                 NM_003155 
                 1.03121 
               
               
                 STX3A 
                 NM_004177 
                 0.728912 
               
               
                 STYK1 
                 NM_018423 
                 0.98547 
               
               
                 SULT1C1 
                 NM_001056///NM_176825 
                 1.99731 
               
               
                 SUMO2 
                 NM_001005849///NM_006937 
                 1.04086 
               
               
                 SVIL 
                 NM_003174///NM_021738 
                 1.26107 
               
               
                 SWAP70 
                 NM_015055 
                 1.08597 
               
               
                 SYNCRIP 
                 NM_006372 
                 −0.70921 
               
               
                 SYNE1 
                 NM_015293///NM_033071/// 
                 0.78963 
               
               
                   
                 NM_133650///NM_182961 
               
               
                 SYT1 
                 NM_005639 
                 −1.51651 
               
               
                 TACSTD1 
                 NM_002354 
                 −1.62205 
               
               
                 TANK 
                 NM_004180///NM_133484 
                 1.19308 
               
               
                 TAPBPL 
                 NM_018009 
                 1.01656 
               
               
                 TBXAS1 
                 NM_001061///NM_030984 
                 1.22107 
               
               
                 TDO2 
                 NM_005651 
                 0.720423 
               
               
                 TFG 
                 NM_001007565///NM_006070 
                 0.737363 
               
               
                 TGFB2 
                 NM_003238 
                 0.757903 
               
               
                 TGFBR2 
                 NM_001024847///NM_003242 
                 −0.760439 
               
               
                 THBD 
                 NM_000361 
                 −1.03072 
               
               
                 TIMM13 
                 NM_012458 
                 −1.00078 
               
               
                 TJP2 
                 NM_004817///NM_201629 
                 0.721283 
               
               
                 TK1 
                 NM_003258 
                 −2.0118 
               
               
                 TLR1 
                 NM_003263 
                 2.35 
               
               
                 TLR3 
                 NM_003265 
                 0.972191 
               
               
                 TM4SF20 
                 NM_024795 
                 −1.36784 
               
               
                 TM4SF4 
                 NM_004617 
                 −1.87733 
               
               
                 TM7SF1 
                 NM_003272 
                 1.42643 
               
               
                 TMEM45A 
                 NM_018004 
                 −1.31309 
               
               
                 TMEM48 
                 NM_018087 
                 −1.55691 
               
               
                 TMF1 
                 NM_007114 
                 −0.791138 
               
               
                 TMOD1 
                 NM_003275 
                 1.92937 
               
               
                 TNC 
                 NM_002160 
                 1.22931 
               
               
                 TNFAIP3 
                 NM_006290 
                 0.835162 
               
               
                 TNFAIP6 
                 NM_007115 
                 3.25281 
               
               
                 TNFRSF9 
                 NM_001561 
                 0.806509 
               
               
                 TNRC9 
                 XM_049037 
                 −0.835259 
               
               
                 TOP1 
                 NM_003286 
                 0.756531 
               
               
                 TP53I3 
                 NM_004881///NM_147184 
                 1.07792 
               
               
                 TPD52 
                 NM_001025252///NM_001025253/// 
                 −2.00612 
               
               
                   
                 NM_005079 
               
               
                 TPI1 
                 NM_000365 
                 −0.72538 
               
               
                 TPM1 
                 NM_000366///NM_001018004/// 
                 1.27399 
               
               
                   
                 NM_001018005///NM_001018006/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM 001018007// 
               
               
                 TRA1 
                 NM_003299 
                 1.71538 
               
               
                 TRIM14 
                 NM_014788///NM_033219/// 
                 −1.15248 
               
               
                   
                 NM_033220///NM_033221 
               
               
                 TRIM22 
                 NM_006074 
                 2.11688 
               
               
                 TRIM8 
                 NM_030912 
                 1.36446 
               
               
                 TRIO 
                 NM_007118 
                 1.05084 
               
               
                 TRPA1 
                 NM_007332 
                 1.71335 
               
               
                 TRPC1 
                 NM_003304 
                 0.703632 
               
               
                 TSC22D3 
                 NM_0010158///NM_004089/// 
                 1.09737 
               
               
                   
                 NM_198057 
               
               
                 TSN 
                 NM_004622 
                 −1.13575 
               
               
                 TSPAN7 
                 NM_004615 
                 1.43844 
               
               
                 TTC10 
                 NM_006531///NM_175605 
                 1.19076 
               
               
                 TTMP 
                 NM_024616 
                 1.49839 
               
               
                 TTRAP 
                 NM_016614 
                 0.977696 
               
               
                 TUBB 
                 NM_178014 
                 −1.04629 
               
               
                 TUBB2 
                 NM_001069 
                 1.31933 
               
               
                 TUBB- 
                 NM_178012 
                 1.42413 
               
               
                 PARALOG 
               
               
                 TXN 
                 NM_003329 
                 1.56098 
               
               
                 UBE2H 
                 NM_003344///NM_182697 
                 1.12195 
               
               
                 UBE2L3 
                 NM_003347///NM_198157 
                 −1.00846 
               
               
                 UBE2L6 
                 NM_004223///NM_198183 
                 1.33829 
               
               
                 UGCG 
                 NM_003358 
                 1.01016 
               
               
                 UROS 
                 NM_000375 
                 −1.09209 
               
               
                 USP46 
                 NM_022832 
                 0.730964 
               
               
                 VDAC3 
                 NM_005662 
                 1.19978 
               
               
                 VIL2 
                 NM_003379 
                 0.951191 
               
               
                 VLDLR 
                 NM_001018056///NM_003383 
                 1.49472 
               
               
                 VPS4A 
                 NM_013245 
                 −1.3102 
               
               
                 WDR19 
                 NM_025132 
                 1.86855 
               
               
                 WDR47 
                 NM_014969 
                 1.27531 
               
               
                 WDR76 
                 NM_024908 
                 −1.09373 
               
               
                 WHSC1 
                 NM_007331///NM_014919/// 
                 −0.795359 
               
               
                   
                 NM_133330///NM_133331/// 
               
               
                   
                 NM_133332///NM_133333 
               
               
                 WIPI49 
                 NM_017983 
                 1.16833 
               
               
                 WIZ 
                 XM_372716 
                 −0.911496 
               
               
                 WNT7B 
                 NM_058238 
                 −0.755357 
               
               
                 XBP1 
                 NM_005080 
                 −1.02439 
               
               
                 XTP2 
                 NM_015172 
                 1.01515 
               
               
                 YKT6 
                 NM_006555 
                 −1.12573 
               
               
                 YOD1 
                 NM_018566 
                 1.13406 
               
               
                 YRDC 
                 NM_024640 
                 0.717093 
               
               
                 ZBTB10 
                 NM_023929 
                 0.894651 
               
               
                 ZFHX1B 
                 NM_014795 
                 1.19961 
               
               
                 ZFYVE21 
                 NM_024071 
                 0.815726 
               
               
                 ZMYM6 
                 NM_007167 
                 0.920391 
               
               
                 ZNF22 
                 NM_006963 
                 −1.21289 
               
               
                 ZNF232 
                 NM_014519 
                 −1.35052 
               
               
                 ZNF238 
                 NM_006352///NM_205768 
                 1.09124 
               
               
                 ZNF281 
                 NM_012482 
                 −0.825036 
               
               
                 ZNF331 
                 NM_018555 
                 −1.18107 
               
               
                 ZNF544 
                 NM_014480 
                 −1.54 
               
               
                 ZNF551 
                 NM_138347 
                 −1.26671 
               
               
                 ZNF573 
                 NM_152360 
                 −0.794295 
               
               
                 ZNF580 
                 NM_016202///NM_207115 
                 −1.90207 
               
               
                 ZNF652 
                 NM_014897 
                 0.911137 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     A further embodiment of the invention is directed to methods of modulating a cellular pathway comprising administering to the cell an amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a miR-34 nucleic acid sequence or a miR-34 inhibitor. A cell, tissue, or subject may be a cancer cell, a cancerous tissue or harbor cancerous tissue, or a cancer patient. The database content related to all nucleic acids and genes designated by an accession number or a database submission are incorporated herein by reference as of the filing date of this application. 
     A further embodiment of the invention is directed to methods of modulating a cellular pathway comprising administering to the cell an amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid sequence in an amount sufficient to modulate the expression, function, status, or state of a cellular pathway, in particular those pathways described in Table 2 or the pathways known to include one or more genes from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. Modulation of a cellular pathway includes, but is not limited to modulating the expression of one or more gene(s). Modulation of a gene can include inhibiting the function of an endogenous miRNA or providing a functional miRNA to a cell, tissue, or subject. Modulation refers to the expression levels or activities of a gene or its related gene product (e.g., mRNA) or protein, e.g., the mRNA levels may be modulated or the translation of an mRNA may be modulated. Modulation may increase or up regulate a gene or gene product or it may decrease or down regulate a gene or gene product (e.g., protein levels or activity). 
     Still a further embodiment includes methods of administering an miRNA or mimic thereof, and/or treating a subject or patient having, suspected of having, or at risk of developing a pathological condition comprising one or more of step (a) administering to a patient or subject an amount of an isolated nucleic acid comprising a miR-34 nucleic acid sequence or a miR-34 inhibitor in an amount sufficient to modulate expression of a cellular pathway; and (b) administering a second therapy, wherein the modulation of the cellular pathway sensitizes the patient or subject, or increases the efficacy of a second therapy. An increase in efficacy can include a reduction in toxicity, a reduced dosage or duration of the second therapy, or an additive or synergistic effect. A cellular pathway may include, but is not limited to one or more pathway described in Table 2 below or a pathway that is know to include one or more genes of Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. The second therapy may be administered before, during, and/or after the isolated nucleic acid or miRNA or inhibitor is administered 
     A second therapy can include administration of a second miRNA or therapeutic nucleic acid such as a siRNA or antisense oligonucleotide, or may include various standard therapies, such as pharmaceuticals, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, drug therapy, immunotherapy, and the like. Embodiments of the invention may also include the determination or assessment of gene expression or gene expression profile for the selection of an appropriate therapy. In a particular aspect, a second therapy is a chemotherapy. A chemotherapy can include, but is not limited to paclitaxel, cisplatin, carboplatin, doxorubicin, oxaliplatin, larotaxel, taxol, lapatinib, docetaxel, methotrexate, capecitabine, vinorelbine, cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine, amrubicin, cytarabine, etoposide, camptothecin, dexamethasone, dasatinib, tipifamib, bevacizumab, sirolimus, temsirolimus, everolimus, lonafarnib, cetuximab, erlotinib, gefitinib, imatinib mesylate, rituximab, trastuzumab, nocodazole, sorafenib, sunitinib, bortezomib, alemtuzumab, gemtuzumab, tositumomab or ibritumomab. 
     Embodiments of the invention include methods of treating a subject with a disease or condition comprising one or more of the steps of (a) determining an expression profile of one or more genes selected from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5; (b) assessing the sensitivity of the subject to therapy based on the expression profile; (c) selecting a therapy based on the assessed sensitivity; and (d) treating the subject using a selected therapy. Typically, the disease or condition will have as a component, indicator, or resulting mis-regulation of one or more gene of Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. 
     In certain aspects, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more miRNA may be used in sequence or in combination; for instance, any combination of miR-34 or a miR-34 inhibitor with another miRNA. Further embodiments include the identification and assessment of an expression profile indicative of miR-34 status in a cell or tissue comprising expression assessment of one or more gene from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, or any combination thereof. 
     The term “miRNA” is used according to its ordinary and plain meaning and refers to a microRNA molecule found in eukaryotes that is involved in RNA-based gene regulation. See, e.g., Carrington and Ambros, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The term can be used to refer to the single-stranded RNA molecule processed from a precursor or in certain instances the precursor itself. 
     In some embodiments, it may be useful to know whether a cell expresses a particular miRNA endogenously or whether such expression is affected under particular conditions or when it is in a particular disease state. Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, methods include assaying a cell or a sample containing a cell for the presence of one or more marker gene or mRNA or other analyte indicative of the expression level of a gene of interest. Consequently, in some embodiments, methods include a step of generating an RNA profile for a sample. The term “RNA profile” or “gene expression profile” refers to a set of data regarding the expression pattern for one or more gene or genetic marker or miRNA in the sample (e.g., a plurality of nucleic acid probes that identify one or more markers from Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5); it is contemplated that the nucleic acid profile can be obtained using a set of RNAs, using for example nucleic acid amplification or hybridization techniques well know to one of ordinary skill in the art. The difference in the expression profile in the sample from the patient and a reference expression profile, such as an expression profile of one or more genes or miRNAs, are indicative of which miRNAs to be administered. 
     In certain aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and let-7 can be administered to patients with breast carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     Further aspects include administering miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-15 to patients with breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     In still further aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-16 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     In certain aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-20 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lipoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     Aspects of the invention include methods where miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-21 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. 
     In still further aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-26a are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, testicular tumor. 
     In yet further aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-126 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, mesothelioma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     In a further aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-143 are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     In still a further aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-147 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lipoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma. 
     In yet another aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-188 are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     In yet a further aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-200 are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, mesothelioma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     In other aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-215 are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, lipoma, multiple myeloma, mesothelioma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     In certain aspects, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-216 are administered to patients with breast carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, prostate carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, testicular tumor. 
     In a further aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-292-3p are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, lipoma, multiple myeloma, non-small cell lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     In still a further aspect, miR-34 or miR-34 inhibitor and miR-331 are administered to patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast carcinoma, B-cell lymphoma, cervical carcinoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia, colorectal carcinoma, glioma, glioblastoma, gastric carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, leukemia, lung carcinoma, multiple myeloma, ovarian carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, osteosarcoma, pancreatic carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, thyroid carcinoma, testicular tumor. 
     It is contemplated that when miR-34 or a miR-34 inhibitor is given in combination with one or more other miRNA molecules, the two different miRNAs or inhibitors may be given at the same time or sequentially. In some embodiments, therapy proceeds with one miRNA or inhibitor and that therapy is followed up with therapy with the other miRNA or inhibitor 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 minutes, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 hours, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 days, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 weeks, or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 months or any such combination later. 
     Further embodiments include the identification and assessment of an expression profile indicative of miR-34 status in a cell or tissue comprising expression assessment of one or more gene from Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, or any combination thereof. 
     The term “miRNA” is used according to its ordinary and plain meaning and refers to a microRNA molecule found in eukaryotes that is involved in RNA-based gene regulation. See, e.g., Carrington and Ambros, 2003, which is hereby incorporated by reference. The term can be used to refer to the single-stranded RNA molecule processed from a precursor or in certain instances the precursor itself or a mimetic thereof. 
     In some embodiments, it may be useful to know whether a cell expresses a particular miRNA endogenously or whether such expression is affected under particular conditions or when it is in a particular disease state. Thus, in some embodiments of the invention, methods include assaying a cell or a sample containing a cell for the presence of one or more miRNA marker gene or mRNA or other analyte indicative of the expression level of a gene of interest. Consequently, in some embodiments, methods include a step of generating an RNA profile for a sample. The term “RNA profile” or “gene expression profile” refers to a set of data regarding the expression pattern for one or more gene or genetic marker in the sample (e.g., a plurality of nucleic acid probes that identify one or more markers or genes from Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5); it is contemplated that the nucleic acid profile can be obtained using a set of RNAs, using for example nucleic acid amplification or hybridization techniques well know to one of ordinary skill in the art. The difference in the expression profile in the sample from a patient and a reference expression profile, such as an expression profile from a normal or non-pathologic sample, or a digitized reference, is indicative of a pathologic, disease, or cancerous condition. In certain aspects the expression profile is an indicator of a propensity to or probability of (i.e., risk factor for a disease or condition) developing such a condition(s). Such a risk or propensity may indicate a treatment, increased monitoring, prophylactic measures, and the like. A nucleic acid or probe set may comprise or identify a segment of a corresponding mRNA and may include all or part of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 100, 200, 500, or more segments, including any integer or range derivable there between, of a gene or genetic marker, or a nucleic acid, mRNA or a probe representative thereof that is listed in Tables 1, 3, 4, and/or 5 or identified by the methods described herein. 
     Certain embodiments of the invention are directed to compositions and methods for assessing, prognosing, or treating a pathological condition in a patient comprising measuring or determining an expression profile of one or more miRNA or marker(s) in a sample from the patient, wherein a difference in the expression profile in the sample from the patient and an expression profile of a normal sample or reference expression profile is indicative of pathological condition and particularly cancer (e.g., In certain aspects of the invention, the miRNAs, cellular pathway, gene, or genetic marker is or is representative of one or more pathway or marker described in Table 1, 2, 3, 4, and/or 5, including any combination thereof. 
     Aspects of the invention include diagnosing, assessing, or treating a pathologic condition or preventing a pathologic condition from manifesting. For example, the methods can be used to screen for a pathological condition; assess prognosis of a pathological condition; stage a pathological condition; assess response of a pathological condition to therapy; or to modulate the expression of a gene, genes, or related pathway as a first therapy or to render a subject sensitive or more responsive to a second therapy. In particular aspects, assessing the pathological condition of the patient can be assessing prognosis of the patient. Prognosis may include, but is not limited to an estimation of the time or expected time of survival, assessment of response to a therapy, and the like. In certain aspects, the altered expression of one or more gene or marker is prognostic for a patient having a pathologic condition, wherein the marker is one or more of Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5, including any combination thereof. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Significantly affected functional cellular pathways 
               
               
                 following hsa-miR-34a over-expression in human cancer cells. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 Number 
                   
               
               
                 Of 
               
               
                 Genes 
                 Pathway Functions 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
            
               
                 35 
                 Cellular Growth and Proliferation, Cellular Movement, 
               
               
                   
                 Cell Death 
               
               
                 35 
                 Gene Expression, Cellular Growth and Proliferation, Cell Death 
               
               
                 25 
                 Gene Expression, DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair, 
               
               
                   
                 Cell Cycle 
               
               
                 23 
                 DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair, Cell Cycle, 
               
               
                   
                 Cellular Development 
               
               
                 19 
                 Cardiovascular Disease, Hematological Disease, Organismal 
               
               
                   
                 Injury and Abnormalities 
               
               
                 19 
                 Cancer, Cell Cycle, Hepatic System Disease 
               
               
                 19 
                 Immune Response, Cell Signaling, Molecular Transport 
               
               
                 18 
                 Cancer, Cellular Growth and Proliferation, Neurological Disease 
               
               
                 17 
                 Immune Response, Cellular Movement, Hematological System 
               
               
                   
                 Development and Function 
               
               
                 17 
                 Lipid Metabolism, Molecular Transport, Small Molecule 
               
               
                   
                 Biochemistry 
               
               
                 17 
                 Cell Cycle, Cancer, Cellular Growth and Proliferation 
               
               
                 16 
                 Cell-To-Cell Signaling and Interaction, Cellular Movement, 
               
               
                   
                 Hematological System Development and Function 
               
               
                 16 
                 Cellular Movement, Cellular Development, Cardiovascular 
               
               
                   
                 System Development and Function 
               
               
                 15 
                 Organ Development, Gene Expression, Developmental Disorder 
               
               
                 15 
                 Cell Death, Cancer, Cellular Growth and Proliferation 
               
               
                 15 
                 Carbohydrate Metabolism, Small Molecule Biochemistry, 
               
               
                   
                 Lipid Metabolism 
               
               
                 15 
                 Cellular Assembly and Organization, Cell Cycle, 
               
               
                   
                 Connective Tissue Development and Function 
               
               
                 15 
                 DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair, Gene Expression, 
               
               
                   
                 Cancer 
               
               
                 14 
                 Hematological System Development and Function, Immune 
               
               
                   
                 Response, Immune and Lymphatic System Development and 
               
               
                   
                 Function 
               
               
                 14 
                 Protein Synthesis, Cell Signaling, Nucleic Acid Metabolism 
               
               
                 7 
                 Cell Death, Neurological Disease, Cellular Development 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cellular Assembly and Organization, Cell Morphology, 
               
               
                   
                 Cellular Compromise 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cell Cycle, Cellular Assembly and Organization, 
               
               
                   
                 DNA Replication, Recombination, and Repair 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cancer, Cell Death, Reproductive System Disease 
               
               
                 1 
                 Amino Acid Metabolism, Molecular Transport, Small 
               
               
                   
                 Molecule Biochemistry 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cell Cycle, Cancer, Cell Death 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cell Death 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cellular Compromise, Auditory and Vestibular 
               
               
                   
                 System Development and Function, Protein Trafficking 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cell Morphology, Cellular Assembly and Organization, 
               
               
                   
                 Cellular Compromise 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cellular Assembly and Organization, Cell Morphology, 
               
               
                   
                 Molecular Transport 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cardiovascular System Development and Function, Organ 
               
               
                   
                 Morphology, Neurological Disease 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cellular Assembly and Organization, Cell Morphology, 
               
               
                   
                 Cellular Function and Maintenance 
               
               
                 1 
                 Cell Signaling, Molecular Transport, Neurological Disease 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Predicted target genes of hsa-miR-34a. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Ref Seq 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Transcript ID 
               
               
                 Gene Symbol 
                 (Pruitt et al., 2005) 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A1BG 
                 NM_130786 
                 alpha 1B-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 AADACL1 
                 NM_020792 
                 arylacetamide deacetylase-like 1 
               
               
                 AASDHPPT 
                 NM_015423 
                 aminoadipate-semialdehyde 
               
               
                 ABCA1 
                 NM_005502 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A member 1 
               
               
                 ABCC1 
                 NM_004996 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C, member 1 
               
               
                 ABCC12 
                 NM_033226 
                 ATP-binding cassette protein C12 
               
               
                 ABCC13 
                 NM_172024 
                 ATP-binding cassette protein C13 isoform b 
               
               
                 ABCC4 
                 NM_005845 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C, member 4 
               
               
                 ABCC5 
                 NM_005688 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C, member 5 
               
               
                 ABCD1 
                 NM_000033 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family D (ALD), member 
               
               
                 ABCE1 
                 NM_002940 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family E, member 1 
               
               
                 ABCF2 
                 NM_007189 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family F, member 2 
               
               
                 ABCF3 
                 NM_018358 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family F (GCN20), 
               
               
                 ABCG4 
                 NM_022169 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G, member 4 
               
               
                 ABHD12 
                 NM_015600 
                 abhydrolase domain containing 12 
               
               
                 ABHD4 
                 NM_022060 
                 abhydrolase domain containing 4 
               
               
                 ABI3 
                 NM_016428 
                 NESH protein 
               
               
                 ABL1 
                 NM_005157 
                 v-abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene 
               
               
                 ABLIM1 
                 NM_001003407 
                 actin-binding LIM protein 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 ABLIM3 
                 NM_014945 
                 actin binding LIM protein family, member 3 
               
               
                 ABR 
                 NM_001092 
                 active breakpoint cluster region-related 
               
               
                 ACACA 
                 NM_198834 
                 acetyl-Coenzyme A carboxylase alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 ACAD11 
                 NM_032169 
                 putative acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 ACAD8 
                 NM_014384 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase family, member 8 
               
               
                 ACADL 
                 NM_001608 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, long chain 
               
               
                 ACADS 
                 NM_000017 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, C-2 to C-3 short 
               
               
                 ACADSB 
                 NM_001609 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, short/branched 
               
               
                 ACADVL 
                 NM_000018 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, very long chain 
               
               
                 ACBD3 
                 NM_022735 
                 acyl-Coenzyme A binding domain containing 3 
               
               
                 ACCN1 
                 NM_001094 
                 amiloride-sensitive cation channel 1, neuronal 
               
               
                 ACE 
                 NM_152831 
                 angiotensin I converting enzyme isoform 3 
               
               
                 ACOT11 
                 NM_147161 
                 thioesterase, adipose associated isoform BFIT2 
               
               
                 ACP5 
                 NM_001611 
                 tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5 precursor 
               
               
                 ACPP 
                 NM_001099 
                 prostatic acid phosphatase precursor 
               
               
                 ACPT 
                 NM_080789 
                 testicular acid phosphatase isoform b precursor 
               
               
                 ACSL1 
                 NM_001995 
                 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member I 
               
               
                 ACSL3 
                 NM_004457 
                 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 3 
               
               
                 ACSL4 
                 NM_004458 
                 acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 
               
               
                 ACSS2 
                 NM_018677 
                 acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 
               
               
                 ACTBL1 
                 NM_001004053 
                 protein expressed in prostate, ovary, testis, 
               
               
                 ACTL6A 
                 NM_004301 
                 actin-like 6A isoform 1 
               
               
                 ACTL8 
                 NM_030812 
                 actin like protein 
               
               
                 ACTN2 
                 NM_001103 
                 actinin, alpha 2 
               
               
                 ACTN4 
                 NM_004924 
                 actinin, alpha 4 
               
               
                 ACTR1A 
                 NM_005736 
                 ARP1 actin-related protein 1 homolog A, 
               
               
                 ACTR5 
                 NM_024855 
                 ARP5 actin-related protein 5 homolog 
               
               
                 ACTR8 
                 NM_022899 
                 actin-related protein 8 
               
               
                 ACVR1B 
                 NM_004302 
                 activin A type IB receptor isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 ADAM10 
                 NM_001110 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 
               
               
                 ADAM11 
                 NM_002390 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 11 preproprotein 
               
               
                 ADAM12 
                 NM_003474 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ADAM19 
                 NM_033274 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ADAMTS1 
                 NM_006988 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTS10 
                 NM_030957 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTS4 
                 NM_005099 
                 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL1 
                 NM_139264 
                 ADAMTS-like 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 ADAMTSL4 
                 NM_019032 
                 thrombospondin repeat containing 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ADAT1 
                 NM_012091 
                 adenosine deaminase, tRNA-specific 1 
               
               
                 ADCY1 
                 NM_021116 
                 brain adenylate cyclase 1 
               
               
                 ADCY2 
                 NM_020546 
                 adenylate cyclase 2 
               
               
                 ADCY7 
                 NM_001114 
                 adenylate cyclase 7 
               
               
                 ADD2 
                 NM_001617 
                 adducin 2 isoform a 
               
               
                 ADIPOQ 
                 NM_004797 
                 adiponectin precursor 
               
               
                 ADIPOR2 
                 NM_024551 
                 adiponectin receptor 2 
               
               
                 ADK 
                 NM_001123 
                 adenosine kinase isoform a 
               
               
                 ADM2 
                 NM_024866 
                 adrenomedullin 2 precusor 
               
               
                 ADNP 
                 NM_015339 
                 activity-dependent neuroprotector 
               
               
                 ADORA2A 
                 NM_000675 
                 adenosine A2a receptor 
               
               
                 ADPN 
                 NM_025225 
                 adiponutrin 
               
               
                 ADPRH 
                 NM_001125 
                 ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase 
               
               
                 ADRA1A 
                 NM_033302 
                 alpha-1A-adrenergic receptor isoform 3 
               
               
                 ADRA1D 
                 NM_000678 
                 alpha-1D-adrenergic receptor 
               
               
                 ADRA2A 
                 NM_000681 
                 alpha-2A-adrenergic receptor 
               
               
                 ADRA2B 
                 NM_000682 
                 alpha-2B-adrenergic receptor 
               
               
                 ADRBK2 
                 NM_005160 
                 beta adrenergic receptor kinase 2 
               
               
                 AFAP 
                 NM_021638 
                 actin filament associated protein 
               
               
                 AFF2 
                 NM_002025 
                 fragile X mental retardation 2 
               
               
                 AFF3 
                 NM_001025108 
                 AF4/FMR2 family, member 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 AFF4 
                 NM_014423 
                 ALL1 fused gene from 5q31 
               
               
                 AFG3L1 
                 NM_001031805 
                 AFG3 ATPase family gene 3-like 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 AGTR1 
                 NM_000685 
                 angiotensin II receptor, type 1 
               
               
                 AGTRAP 
                 NM_020350 
                 angiotensin II receptor-associated protein 
               
               
                 AHNAK 
                 NM_001620 
                 AHNAK nucleoprotein isoform 1 
               
               
                 AIPL1 
                 NM_001033054 
                 aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting 
               
               
                 AJAP1 
                 NM_018836 
                 transmembrane protein SHREW1 
               
               
                 AK2 
                 NM_013411 
                 adenylate kinase 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 AK3 
                 NM_016282 
                 adenylate kinase 3 
               
               
                 AKAP1 
                 NM_139275 
                 A-kinase anchor protein 1 isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 AKAP13 
                 NM_006738 
                 A-kinase anchor protein 13 isoform 1 
               
               
                 AKAP6 
                 NM_004274 
                 A-kinase anchor protein 6 
               
               
                 AKAP7 
                 NM_004842 
                 A-kinase anchor protein 7 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 AKR1CL1 
                 NM_001007536 
                 aldo-keto reductase family 1, member C-like 1 
               
               
                 ALAD 
                 NM_000031 
                 delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase isoform b 
               
               
                 ALCAM 
                 NM_001627 
                 activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule 
               
               
                 ALDH1A2 
                 NM_003888 
                 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ALDH1A3 
                 NM_000693 
                 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 
               
               
                 ALDH3B2 
                 NM_000695 
                 aldehyde dehydrogenase 3B2 
               
               
                 ALDH5A1 
                 NM_001080 
                 aldehyde dehydrogenase 5A1 precursor, isoform 2 
               
               
                 ALDH6A1 
                 NM_005589 
                 aldehyde dehydrogenase 6A1 precursor 
               
               
                 ALDOA 
                 NM_000034 
                 aldolase A 
               
               
                 ALF 
                 NM_172196 
                 TFIIA-alpha/beta-like factor isoform 2 
               
               
                 ALG1 
                 NM_019109 
                 beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase 
               
               
                 ALG12 
                 NM_024105 
                 asparagine-linked glycosylation 12 
               
               
                 ALOX5 
                 NM_000698 
                 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase 
               
               
                 ALS2CL 
                 NM_147129 
                 ALS2 C-terminal like isoform 1 
               
               
                 ALS2CR13 
                 NM_173511 
                 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 2 (juvenile) 
               
               
                 ALS2CR15 
                 NM_138468 
                 Ica69-related protein 
               
               
                 ALX3 
                 NM_006492 
                 aristaless-like homeobox 3 
               
               
                 AMACR 
                 NM_014324 
                 alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase isoform 1 
               
               
                 AMD1 
                 NM_001033059 
                 S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 AMID 
                 NM_032797 
                 apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF)-like 
               
               
                 AMMECR1 
                 NM_001025580 
                 AMMECR1 protein isoform 2 
               
               
                 AMOTL2 
                 NM_016201 
                 angiomotin like 2 
               
               
                 AMPD2 
                 NM_004037 
                 adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (isoform L) 
               
               
                 AMPD3 
                 NM_000480 
                 erythrocyte adenosine monophosphate deaminase 
               
               
                 AMZ1 
                 NM_133463 
                 archaemetzincin-1 
               
               
                 ANGEL1 
                 NM_015305 
                 angel homolog 1 
               
               
                 ANGPTL7 
                 NM_021146 
                 angiopoietin-like 7 
               
               
                 ANK2 
                 NM_001148 
                 ankyrin 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ANK3 
                 NM_001149 
                 ankyrin 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ANKFY1 
                 NM_016376 
                 ankyrin repeat and FYVE domain containing 1 
               
               
                 ANKRD1 
                 NM_014391 
                 cardiac ankyrin repeat protein 
               
               
                 ANKRD10 
                 NM_017664 
                 ankyrin repeat domain 10 
               
               
                 ANKRD12 
                 NM_015208 
                 ankyrin repeat domain 12 
               
               
                 ANKRD13 
                 NM_033121 
                 ankyrin repeat domain 13 
               
               
                 ANKRD17 
                 NM_032217 
                 ankyrin repeat domain protein 17 isoform a 
               
               
                 ANKRD23 
                 NM_144994 
                 diabetes related ankyrin repeat protein 
               
               
                 ANKRD25 
                 NM_015493 
                 ankyrin repeat domain 25 
               
               
                 ANKS1A 
                 NM_015245 
                 ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain 
               
               
                 ANKS1B 
                 NM_181670 
                 cajalin 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 ANKS6 
                 NM_173551 
                 sterile alpha motif domain containing 6 
               
               
                 ANP32A 
                 NM_006305 
                 acidic (leucine-rich) nuclear phosphoprotein 32 
               
               
                 ANP32B 
                 NM_006401 
                 acidic (leucine-rich) nuclear phosphoprotein 32 
               
               
                 ANTXR1 
                 NM_032208 
                 tumor endothelial marker 8 isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 ANXA11 
                 NM_001157 
                 annexin A11 
               
               
                 ANXA5 
                 NM_001154 
                 annexin 5 
               
               
                 AP1B1 
                 NM_001127 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 1 beta 1 subunit 
               
               
                 AP1G1 
                 NM_001030007 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 1, gamma 1 
               
               
                 AP1GBP1 
                 NM_007247 
                 AP1 gamma subunit binding protein 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 AP1S2 
                 NM_003916 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 1 sigma 2 
               
               
                 AP2S1 
                 NM_004069 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 2, sigma 1 
               
               
                 AP3M1 
                 NM_012095 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 3, mu 1 subunit 
               
               
                 AP3M2 
                 NM_006803 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 3, mu 2 subunit 
               
               
                 AP3S2 
                 NM_005829 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 3, sigma 2 
               
               
                 AP4S1 
                 NM_007077 
                 adaptor-related protein complex 4, sigma 1 
               
               
                 APBA1 
                 NM_001163 
                 amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding, 
               
               
                 APBB3 
                 NM_133175 
                 amyloid beta precursor protein-binding, family 
               
               
                 APH1A 
                 NM_016022 
                 anterior pharynx defective 1 homolog A 
               
               
                 APITD1 
                 NM_199294 
                 apoptosis-inducing, TAF9-like domain 1 isoform 
               
               
                 APLP2 
                 NM_001642 
                 amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein 2 
               
               
                 APOB 
                 NM_000384 
                 apolipoprotein B precursor 
               
               
                 APOLD1 
                 NM_030817 
                 apolipoprotein L domain containing 1 
               
               
                 APPBP2 
                 NM_006380 
                 amyloid beta precursor protein-binding protein 
               
               
                 AQP1 
                 NM_198098 
                 aquaporin 1 
               
               
                 AQP10 
                 NM_080429 
                 aquaporin 10 
               
               
                 AQP3 
                 NM_004925 
                 aquaporin 3 
               
               
                 AQP8 
                 NM_001169 
                 aquaporin 8 
               
               
                 AREG 
                 NM_001657 
                 amphiregulin preproprotein 
               
               
                 ARF3 
                 NM_001659 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor 3 
               
               
                 ARFGAP3 
                 NM_014570 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating 
               
               
                 ARFGEF2 
                 NM_006420 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor guanine 
               
               
                 ARG2 
                 NM_001172 
                 arginase, type II precursor 
               
               
                 ARHGAP1 
                 NM_004308 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 1 
               
               
                 ARHGAP19 
                 NM_032900 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 19 
               
               
                 ARHGAP26 
                 NM_015071 
                 GTPase regulator associated with the focal 
               
               
                 ARHGAP29 
                 NM_004815 
                 PTPL1-associated RhoGAP 1 
               
               
                 ARHGAP30 
                 NM_001025598 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 30 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ARHGDIB 
                 NM_001175 
                 Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta 
               
               
                 ARHGEF10L 
                 NM_001011722 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 
               
               
                 ARHGEF12 
                 NM_015313 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 12 
               
               
                 ARHGEF2 
                 NM_004723 
                 rho/rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 
               
               
                 ARHGEF3 
                 NM_019555 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3 
               
               
                 ARHGEF4 
                 NM_032995 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 isoform 
               
               
                 ARHGEF5 
                 NM_001002861 
                 rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5 isoform 
               
               
                 ARHGEF6 
                 NM_004840 
                 Rac/Cdc42 guanine nucleotide exchange factor 6 
               
               
                 ARHGEF7 
                 NM_003899 
                 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 7 isoform 
               
               
                 ARHGEF9 
                 NM_015185 
                 Cdc42 guanine exchange factor 9 
               
               
                 ARID2 
                 NM_152641 
                 AT rich interactive domain 2 (ARID, RFX-like) 
               
               
                 ARID3B 
                 NM_006465 
                 AT rich interactive domain 3B (BRIGHT-like) 
               
               
                 ARID4A 
                 NM_002892 
                 retinoblastoma-binding protein 1 isoform I 
               
               
                 ARID4B 
                 NM_016374 
                 AT rich interactive domain 4B isoform 1 
               
               
                 ARID5A 
                 NM_006673 
                 AT rich interactive domain 5A isoform 2 
               
               
                 ARIH2 
                 NM_006321 
                 ariadne homolog 2 
               
               
                 ARL4C 
                 NM_005737 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor-like 4C 
               
               
                 ARL5B 
                 NM_178815 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor-like 8 
               
               
                 ARL6IP4 
                 NM_001002252 
                 SRp25 nuclear protein isoform 4 
               
               
                 ARL8A 
                 NM_138795 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor-like 10B 
               
               
                 ARL8B 
                 NM_018184 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor-like 10C 
               
               
                 ARMC5 
                 NM_024742 
                 armadillo repeat containing 5 
               
               
                 ARMC6 
                 NM_033415 
                 armadillo repeat containing 6 
               
               
                 ARMC7 
                 NM_024585 
                 armadillo repeat containing 7 
               
               
                 ARMC8 
                 NM_015396 
                 armadillo repeat containing 8 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ARMCX4 
                 NM_152583 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158947 
               
               
                 ARPC5 
                 NM_005717 
                 actin related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5 
               
               
                 ARPP-19 
                 NM_006628 
                 cyclic AMP phosphoprotein, 19 kD 
               
               
                 ARPP-21 
                 NM_001025068 
                 cyclic AMP-regulated phosphoprotein, 21 kD 
               
               
                 ARRDC3 
                 NM_020801 
                 arrestin domain containing 3 
               
               
                 ARSB 
                 NM_000046 
                 arylsulfatase B isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 ARSJ 
                 NM_024590 
                 arylsulfatase J 
               
               
                 ARTS-1 
                 NM_016442 
                 type 1 tumor necrosis factor receptor shedding 
               
               
                 ARVP6125 
                 NM_001030078 
                 hypothetical protein LOC442092 
               
               
                 ARX 
                 NM_139058 
                 aristaless related homeobox 
               
               
                 AS3MT 
                 NM_020682 
                 arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase 
               
               
                 ASB1 
                 NM_016114 
                 ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 
               
               
                 ASB13 
                 NM_024701 
                 ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 
               
               
                 ASB5 
                 NM_080874 
                 ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing protein 
               
               
                 ASB6 
                 NM_017873 
                 ankyrin repeat and SOCS box-containing 6 isoform 
               
               
                 ASCIZ 
                 NM_015251 
                 ATM/ATR-Substrate Chk2-Interacting Zn2+-finger 
               
               
                 ASCL1 
                 NM_004316 
                 achaete-scute complex homolog-like 1 
               
               
                 ASH2L 
                 NM_004674 
                 ash2 (absent, small, or homeotic)-like 
               
               
                 ASTN 
                 NM_004319 
                 astrotactin isoform 1 
               
               
                 ASXL1 
                 NM_015338 
                 additional sex combs like 1 
               
               
                 ASXL2 
                 NM_018263 
                 additional sex combs like 2 
               
               
                 ATG4B 
                 NM_013325 
                 APG4 autophagy 4 homolog B isoform a 
               
               
                 ATG5 
                 NM_004849 
                 APG5 autophagy 5-like 
               
               
                 ATG9A 
                 NM_024085 
                 APG9 autophagy 9-like 1 
               
               
                 ATM 
                 NM_000051 
                 ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 ATP13A1 
                 NM_020410 
                 ATPase type 13A1 
               
               
                 ATP1A2 
                 NM_000702 
                 Na+/K+-ATPase alpha 2 subunit proprotein 
               
               
                 ATP1B3 
                 NM_001679 
                 Na+/K+-ATPase beta 3 subunit 
               
               
                 ATP2A3 
                 NM_005173 
                 sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase isoform 
               
               
                 ATP2C1 
                 NM_001001485 
                 calcium-transporting ATPase 2C1 isoform 1c 
               
               
                 ATP4A 
                 NM_000704 
                 ATPase, H+/K+ exchanging, alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 ATP5D 
                 NM_001001975 
                 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 
               
               
                 ATP5S 
                 NM_001003805 
                 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F0 
               
               
                 ATP6V0A2 
                 NM_012463 
                 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a 
               
               
                 ATP6V0D1 
                 NM_004691 
                 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal, V0 subunit 
               
               
                 ATP6V1C1 
                 NM_001007254 
                 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 42kDa, V1 
               
               
                 ATP6V1E1 
                 NM_001696 
                 vacuolar H+ ATPase E1 isoform a 
               
               
                 ATP7B 
                 NM_000053 
                 ATPase, Cu++ transporting, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 ATP8B4 
                 NM_024837 
                 ATPase class I type 8B member 4 
               
               
                 ATP9A 
                 NM_006045 
                 ATPase, Class II, type 9A 
               
               
                 ATPBD4 
                 NM_080650 
                 ATP binding domain 4 
               
               
                 ATPIF1 
                 NM_178191 
                 ATPase inhibitory factor 1 isoform 3 precursor 
               
               
                 ATXN1 
                 NM_000332 
                 ataxin 1 
               
               
                 ATXN2L 
                 NM_007245 
                 ataxin 2 related protein isoform A 
               
               
                 ATXN7L2 
                 NM_153340 
                 ataxin 7-like 2 
               
               
                 AVPR1B 
                 NM_000707 
                 arginine vasopressin receptor 1B 
               
               
                 AXIN2 
                 NM_004655 
                 axin 2 
               
               
                 AXL 
                 NM_001699 
                 AXL receptor tyrosine kinase isoform 2 
               
               
                 AYTL2 
                 NM_024830 
                 hypothetical protein FLJ12443 
               
               
                 B3GALNT1 
                 NM_003781 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 
               
               
                 B3GALT5 
                 NM_006057 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 
               
               
                 B3GAT1 
                 NM_018644 
                 beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 B3GAT3 
                 NM_012200 
                 beta-1,3-glucuronyltransferase 3 
               
               
                 B3GNT3 
                 NM_014256 
                 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal 
               
               
                 B4GALT1 
                 NM_001497 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- 
               
               
                 B4GALT2 
                 NM_001005417 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- 
               
               
                 BAALC 
                 NM_001024372 
                 brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic isoform 2 
               
               
                 BAAT 
                 NM_001701 
                 bile acid Coenzyme A: amino acid 
               
               
                 BACE1 
                 NM_012104 
                 beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 isoform A 
               
               
                 BACH2 
                 NM_021813 
                 BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper 
               
               
                 BAD 
                 NM_004322 
                 BCL2-antagonist of cell death protein 
               
               
                 BAI2 
                 NM_001703 
                 brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 2 
               
               
                 BAK1 
                 NM_001188 
                 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 
               
               
                 BAT1 
                 NM_004640 
                 HLA-B associated transcript 1 
               
               
                 BATF2 
                 NM_138456 
                 basic leucine zipper transcription factor, 
               
               
                 BAX 
                 NM_004324 
                 BCL2-associated X protein isoform beta 
               
               
                 BAZ2A 
                 NM_013449 
                 bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain, 2A 
               
               
                 BBS1 
                 NM_024649 
                 Bardet-Biedl syndrome 1 
               
               
                 BBS10 
                 NM_024685 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79738 
               
               
                 BCAN 
                 NM_021948 
                 brevican isoform 1 
               
               
                 BCAP29 
                 NM_001008407 
                 B-cell receptor-associated protein BAP29 isoform 
               
               
                 BCAS3 
                 NM_017679 
                 breast carcinoma amplified sequence 3 
               
               
                 BCCIP 
                 NM_078469 
                 BRCA2 and CDKN1A-interacting protein isoform C 
               
               
                 BCKDK 
                 NM_005881 
                 branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase 
               
               
                 BCL10 
                 NM_003921 
                 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10 
               
               
                 BCL11B 
                 NM0_22898 
                 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 11B isoform 2 
               
               
                 BCL2 
                 NM_000633 
                 B-cell lymphoma protein 2 alpha isoform 
               
               
                 BCL6 
                 NM_001706 
                 B-cell lymphoma 6 protein 
               
               
                 BCL7A 
                 NM_001024808 
                 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 7A isoform b 
               
               
                 BCL9L 
                 NM_182557 
                 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9-like 
               
               
                 BCORL1 
                 NM_021946 
                 BCL6 co-repressor-like 1 
               
               
                 BDKRB2 
                 NM_000623 
                 bradykinin receptor B2 
               
               
                 BET1L 
                 NM_016526 
                 blocked early in transport 1 homolog (S. 
               
               
                 BFAR 
                 NM_016561 
                 apoptosis regulator 
               
               
                 BHLHB5 
                 NM_152414 
                 basic helix-loop-helix domain containing, class 
               
               
                 BICD1 
                 NM_001003398 
                 bicaudal D homolog 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 BIK 
                 NM_001197 
                 BCL2-interacting killer 
               
               
                 BIRC1 
                 NM_004536 
                 baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 1 
               
               
                 BIRC5 
                 NM_001012270 
                 baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 
               
               
                 BM88 
                 NM_016564 
                 BM88 antigen 
               
               
                 BMF 
                 NM_001003940 
                 Bcl2 modifying factor isoform bmf-1 
               
               
                 BMP1 
                 NM_006129 
                 bone morphogenetic protein 1 isoform 3, 
               
               
                 BMP6 
                 NM_001718 
                 bone morphogenetic protein 6 precursor 
               
               
                 BMP7 
                 NM_001719 
                 bone morphogenetic protein 7 precursor 
               
               
                 BMP8B 
                 NM_001720 
                 bone morphogenetic protein 8B preproprotein 
               
               
                 BMPR2 
                 NM_001204 
                 bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II 
               
               
                 BNC2 
                 NM_017637 
                 basonuclin 2 
               
               
                 BOLA2 
                 NM_001031833 
                 BolA-like protein 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 BRCA1 
                 NM_007306 
                 breast cancer 1, early onset isoform 
               
               
                 BRD4 
                 NM_014299 
                 bromodomain-containing protein 4 isoform short 
               
               
                 BRE 
                 NM_004899 
                 brain and reproductive organ-expressed (TNFRSF1A 
               
               
                 BRPF1 
                 NM_001003694 
                 bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 
               
               
                 BRPF3 
                 NM_015695 
                 bromodomain and PHD finger containing, 3 
               
               
                 BRRN1 
                 NM_015341 
                 barren 
               
               
                 BRUNOL6 
                 NM_052840 
                 bruno-like 6, RNA binding protein 
               
               
                 BRWD1 
                 NM_033656 
                 bromodomain and WD repeat domain containing 1 
               
               
                 BSDC1 
                 NM_018045 
                 BSD domain containing 1 
               
               
                 BSN 
                 NM_003458 
                 bassoon protein 
               
               
                 BSPRY 
                 NM_017688 
                 B-box and SPRY domain containing 
               
               
                 BTBD11 
                 NM_001017523 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 11 isoform 2 
               
               
                 BTBD12 
                 NM_032444 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 12 
               
               
                 BTBD2 
                 NM_017797 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 2 
               
               
                 BTBD3 
                 NM_014962 
                 BTB/POZ domain containing protein 3 isoform a 
               
               
                 BTBD4 
                 NM_025224 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 4 
               
               
                 BTBD7 
                 NM_001002860 
                 BTB (POZ) domain containing 7 isoform I 
               
               
                 BTG2 
                 NM_006763 
                 B-cell translocation gene 2 
               
               
                 BTG4 
                 NM_017589 
                 B-cell translocation gene 4 
               
               
                 BTN1A1 
                 NM_001732 
                 butyrophilin, subfamily 1, member Al 
               
               
                 BTN3A2 
                 NM_007047 
                 butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A2 precursor 
               
               
                 BTNL9 
                 NM_152547 
                 butyrophilin-like 9 
               
               
                 BTRC 
                 NM_003939 
                 beta-transducin repeat containing protein 
               
               
                 C10orf10 
                 NM_007021 
                 fasting induced gene 
               
               
                 C10orf13 
                 NM_152429 
                 hypothetical protein LOG143282 
               
               
                 C10orf22 
                 NM_032804 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84890 
               
               
                 C10orf26 
                 NM_017787 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54838 
               
               
                 C10orf28 
                 NM_014472 
                 growth inhibition and differentiation related 
               
               
                 C10orf32 
                 NM_144591 
                 hypothetical protein MGC27171 
               
               
                 C10orf38 
                 NM_001010924 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221061 
               
               
                 C10orf4 
                 NM_145246 
                 FRA10AC1 protein isoform FRA10AC1-1 
               
               
                 C10orf42 
                 NM_138357 
                 hypothetical protein LOC90550 
               
               
                 C10orf49 
                 NM_145314 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221044 
               
               
                 C10orf53 
                 NM_182554 
                 hypothetical protein LOC282966 
               
               
                 C10orf54 
                 NM_022153 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64115 
               
               
                 C10orf55 
                 NM_001001791 
                 hypothetical protein LOC414236 
               
               
                 C10orf56 
                 NM_153367 
                 hypothetical protein LOC219654 
               
               
                 C10orf57 
                 NM_025125 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80195 
               
               
                 C10orf58 
                 NM_032333 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84293 
               
               
                 C10orf63 
                 NM_145010 
                 enkurin 
               
               
                 C10orf65 
                 NM_138413 
                 hypothetical protein LOC112817 
               
               
                 C10orf72 
                 NM_001031746 
                 hypothetical protein LOC196740 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C10orf76 
                 NM_024541 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79591 
               
               
                 C10orf77 
                 NM_024789 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79847 
               
               
                 C10orf83 
                 NM_178832 
                 hypothetical protein LOC118812 
               
               
                 C10orf89 
                 NM_153336 
                 hypothetical protein LOC118672 
               
               
                 C10orf91 
                 NM_173541 
                 hypothetical protein LOC170393 
               
               
                 C10orf95 
                 NM_024886 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79946 
               
               
                 C11orf1 
                 NM_022761 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64776 
               
               
                 C11orf11 
                 NM_006133 
                 neural stem cell-derived dendrite regulator 
               
               
                 C11orf17 
                 NM_020642 
                 chromosome 11 open reading frame 17 
               
               
                 C11orf30 
                 NM_020193 
                 EMSY protein 
               
               
                 C11orf38 
                 NM_212555 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399967 
               
               
                 C11orf44 
                 NM_173580 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283171 
               
               
                 C11orf45 
                 NM_145013 
                 hypothetical protein LOC219833 
               
               
                 C11orf49 
                 NM_001003676 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79096 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C11orf57 
                 NM_018195 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55216 
               
               
                 C11orf68 
                 NM_031450 
                 basophilic leukemia expressed protein BLES03 
               
               
                 C11orf9 
                 NM_013279 
                 hypothetical protein LOC745 
               
               
                 C12orf29 
                 NM_001009894 
                 hypothetical protein LOC91298 
               
               
                 C12orf31 
                 NM_032338 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84298 
               
               
                 C12orf32 
                 NM_031465 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83695 
               
               
                 C12orf43 
                 NM_022895 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64897 
               
               
                 C12orf54 
                 NM_152319 
                 hypothetical protein LOC121273 
               
               
                 C12orf57 
                 NM_138425 
                 C10 protein 
               
               
                 C12orf59 
                 NM_153022 
                 hypothetical protein LOC120939 
               
               
                 C12orf61 
                 NM_175895 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283416 
               
               
                 C13orf1 
                 NM_020456 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57213 
               
               
                 C13orf23 
                 NM_025138 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80209 
               
               
                 C14orf121 
                 NM_138360 
                 hypothetical protein LOC90668 
               
               
                 C14orf132 
                 NM_020215 
                 hypothetical protein LOC56967 
               
               
                 C14orf140 
                 NM_024643 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79696 
               
               
                 C14orf151 
                 NM_032714 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84800 
               
               
                 C14orf153 
                 NM_032374 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84334 
               
               
                 C14orf173 
                 NM_001031714 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64423 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C14orf28 
                 NM_001017923 
                 hypothetical protein LOC122525 
               
               
                 C14orf32 
                 NM_144578 
                 MAPK-interacting and spindle-stabilizing 
               
               
                 C14orf4 
                 NM_024496 
                 chromosome 14 open reading frame 4 
               
               
                 C14orf43 
                 NM_194278 
                 hypothetical protein LOC91748 
               
               
                 C14orf58 
                 NM_017791 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55640 
               
               
                 C14orf68 
                 NM_207117 
                 chromosome 14 open reading frame 68 
               
               
                 C14orf79 
                 NM_174891 
                 hypothetical protein LOC122616 
               
               
                 C14orf92 
                 NM_014828 
                 epidermal Langerhans cell protein LCP1 
               
               
                 C15orf20 
                 NM_025049 
                 DNA helicase homolog PIF1 
               
               
                 C15orf37 
                 NM_175898 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283687 
               
               
                 C15orf38 
                 NM_182616 
                 hypothetical protein LOC348110 
               
               
                 C16orf25 
                 NM_173476 
                 hypothetical protein LOC124093 isoform 2 
               
               
                 C16orf3 
                 NM_001214 
                 hypothetical protein LOC750 
               
               
                 C16orf34 
                 NM_144570 
                 chromosome 16 open reading frame 34 
               
               
                 C16orf5 
                 NM_013399 
                 cell death inducing protein 
               
               
                 C16orf50 
                 NM_032269 
                 chromosome 16 open reading frame 50 
               
               
                 C16orf54 
                 NM_175900 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283897 
               
               
                 C16orf57 
                 NM_024598 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79650 
               
               
                 C16orf58 
                 NM_022744 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64755 
               
               
                 C16orf7 
                 NM_004913 
                 chromosome 16 open reading frame 7 
               
               
                 C17orf27 
                 NM_020914 
                 chromosome 17 open reading frame 27 
               
               
                 C17orf28 
                 NM_030630 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283987 
               
               
                 C17orf32 
                 NM_152464 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147007 
               
               
                 C17orf53 
                 NM_024032 
                 hypothetical protein LOC78995 
               
               
                 C17orf55 
                 NM_178519 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284185 
               
               
                 C17orf65 
                 NM_178542 
                 hypothetical protein LOC339201 
               
               
                 C17orf74 
                 NM_175734 
                 hypothetical protein LOC201243 
               
               
                 C18orf1 
                 NM_001003674 
                 hypothetical protein LOC753 isoform gamma 1 
               
               
                 C18orf19 
                 NM_152352 
                 hypothetical protein LOC125228 
               
               
                 C18orf25 
                 NM_001008239 
                 chromosome 18 open reading frame 25 isoform b 
               
               
                 C18orf4 
                 NM_032160 
                 hypothetical protein LOC92126 
               
               
                 C18orf43 
                 NM_006553 
                 chromosome 18 open reading frame 43 
               
               
                 C18orf54 
                 NM_173529 
                 hypothetical protein LOC162681 
               
               
                 C19orf21 
                 NM_173481 
                 hypothetical protein LOC126353 
               
               
                 C19orf25 
                 NM_152482 
                 hypothetical protein LOC148223 
               
               
                 C19orf28 
                 NM_174983 
                 hypothetical protein LOC126321 
               
               
                 C19orf31 
                 NM_001014373 
                 hypothetical protein LOC404664 
               
               
                 C19orf37 
                 NM_182498 
                 hypothetical protein LOC126299 
               
               
                 C19orf4 
                 NM_012109 
                 brain-specific membrane-anchored protein 
               
               
                 C19orf6 
                 NM_001033026 
                 membralin isoform 1 
               
               
                 C1orf106 
                 NM_018265 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55765 
               
               
                 C1orf107 
                 NM_014388 
                 hypothetical protein LOC27042 
               
               
                 C1orf109 
                 NM_017850 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54955 
               
               
                 C1orf115 
                 NM_024709 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79762 
               
               
                 C1orf116 
                 NM_023938 
                 specifically androgen-regulated protein 
               
               
                 C1orf119 
                 NM_020141 
                 hypothetical protein LOC56900 
               
               
                 C1orf126 
                 NM_182534 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200197 
               
               
                 C1orf128 
                 NM_020362 
                 thioredoxin family Trp26 
               
               
                 C1orf144 
                 NM_015609 
                 putative MAPK activating protein PM20, PM21 
               
               
                 C1orf145 
                 NM_001025495 
                 hypothetical protein LOC574407 
               
               
                 C1orf147 
                 NM_001025592 
                 hypothetical protein LOC574431 
               
               
                 C1orf151 
                 NM_001032363 
                 chromosome 1 open reading frame 151 protein 
               
               
                 C1orf159 
                 NM_017891 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54991 
               
               
                 C1orf162 
                 NM_174896 
                 hypothetical protein LOC128346 
               
               
                 C1orf163 
                 NM_023077 
                 hypothetical protein LOC65260 
               
               
                 C1orf183 
                 NM_019099 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55924 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C1orf19 
                 NM_052965 
                 hypothetical protein LOC116461 
               
               
                 C1orf21 
                 NM_030806 
                 chromosome 1 open reading frame 21 
               
               
                 C1orf24 
                 NM_052966 
                 niban protein isoform 2 
               
               
                 C1orf26 
                 NM_017673 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54823 
               
               
                 C1orf38 
                 NM_004848 
                 basement membrane-induced gene isoform 1 
               
               
                 C1orf49 
                 NM_032126 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84066 
               
               
                 C1orf62 
                 NM_152763 
                 hypothetical protein LOC254268 
               
               
                 C1orf69 
                 NM_001010867 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200205 
               
               
                 C1orf71 
                 NM_152609 
                 hypothetical protein LOC163882 
               
               
                 C1orf74 
                 NM_152485 
                 hypothetical protein LOC148304 
               
               
                 C1orf82 
                 NM_024813 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79871 
               
               
                 C1orf84 
                 NM_182518 
                 RP11-506B15.1 protein isoform 3 
               
               
                 C1orf9 
                 NM_014283 
                 chromosome 1 open reading frame 9 protein 
               
               
                 C1orf91 
                 NM_019118 
                 hypothetical protein LOC56063 
               
               
                 C1orf93 
                 NM_152371 
                 hypothetical protein LOC127281 
               
               
                 C1orf95 
                 NM_001003665 
                 hypothetical protein LOC375057 
               
               
                 C1orf96 
                 NM_145257 
                 hypothetical protein LOC126731 
               
               
                 C1QG 
                 NM_172369 
                 complement component 1, subcomponent, gamma 
               
               
                 C1QDC1 
                 NM_001002259 
                 C1q domain containing 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C1QL1 
                 NM_006688 
                 complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 1 
               
               
                 C1QTNF1 
                 NM_030968 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 1 
               
               
                 C1QTNF7 
                 NM_031911 
                 C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 7 
               
               
                 C1QTNF8 
                 NM_207419 
                 hypothetical protein LOC390664 
               
               
                 C2 
                 NM_000063 
                 complement component 2 precursor 
               
               
                 C20orf100 
                 NM_032883 
                 chromosome 20 open reading frame 100 
               
               
                 C20orf102 
                 NM_080607 
                 hypothetical protein LOC128434 
               
               
                 C20orf11 
                 NM_017896 
                 chromosome 20 open reading frame 11 
               
               
                 C20orf112 
                 NM_080616 
                 hypothetical protein LOC140688 
               
               
                 C20orf117 
                 NM_080627 
                 hypothetical protein LOC140710 isoform 1 
               
               
                 C20orf118 
                 NM_080628 
                 hypothetical protein LOC140711 
               
               
                 C20orf134 
                 NM_001024675 
                 hypothetical protein LOC170487 
               
               
                 C20orf173 
                 NM_080828 
                 hypothetical protein LOC140873 
               
               
                 C20orf20 
                 NM_018270 
                 MRG-binding protein 
               
               
                 C20orf39 
                 NM_024893 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79953 
               
               
                 C20orf42 
                 NM_017671 
                 chromosome 20 open reading frame 42 
               
               
                 C20orf43 
                 NM_016407 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51507 
               
               
                 C20orf77 
                 NM_021215 
                 hypothetical protein LOC58490 
               
               
                 C20orf98 
                 NM_024958 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80023 
               
               
                 C21orf124 
                 NM_032920 
                 hypothetical protein LOC85006 
               
               
                 C21orf128 
                 NM_152507 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150147 
               
               
                 C21orf129 
                 NM_152506 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150135 
               
               
                 C21orf25 
                 NM_199050 
                 hypothetical protein LOC25966 
               
               
                 C21orf58 
                 NM_199071 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54058 isoform 2 
               
               
                 C21orf6 
                 NM_016940 
                 hypothetical protein LOC10069 
               
               
                 C21orf69 
                 NM_058189 
                 chromosome 21 open reading frame 69 
               
               
                 C21orf7 
                 NM_020152 
                 chromosome 21 open reading frame 7 
               
               
                 C21orf70 
                 NM_058190 
                 hypothetical protein LOC85395 
               
               
                 C21orf93 
                 NM_145179 
                 hypothetical protein LOC246704 
               
               
                 C22orf15 
                 NM_182520 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150248 
               
               
                 C22orf23 
                 NM_032561 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84645 
               
               
                 C22orf25 
                 NM_152906 
                 hypothetical protein LOC128989 
               
               
                 C22orf5 
                 NM_012264 
                 chromosome 22 open reading frame 5 
               
               
                 C22orf9 
                 NM_001009880 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23313 isoform b 
               
               
                 C2orf15 
                 NM_144706 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150590 
               
               
                 C2orf16 
                 NM_032266 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84226 
               
               
                 C2orf18 
                 NM_017877 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54978 
               
               
                 C3orf17 
                 NM_001025072 
                 hypothetical protein LOC25871 isoform b 
               
               
                 C3orf18 
                 NM_016210 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51161 
               
               
                 C3orf45 
                 NM_153215 
                 hypothetical protein LOC132228 
               
               
                 C3orf58 
                 NM_173552 
                 hypothetical protein LOC205428 
               
               
                 C3orf62 
                 NM_198562 
                 hypothetical protein LOC375341 
               
               
                 C3orf63 
                 NM_015224 
                 retinoblastoma-associated protein 140 
               
               
                 C4orf12 
                 NM_205857 
                 FBI4 protein 
               
               
                 C4orf13 
                 NM_001029998 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84068 isoform b 
               
               
                 C5orf16 
                 NM_173828 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285613 
               
               
                 C5orf23 
                 NM_024563 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79614 
               
               
                 C4orf24 
                 NM_152409 
                 hypothetical protein LOC134553 
               
               
                 C6orf106 
                 NM_022758 
                 chromosome 6 open reading frame 106 isoform b 
               
               
                 C6orf117 
                 NM_138409 
                 hypothetical protein LOC112609 
               
               
                 C6orf120 
                 NM_001029863 
                 hypothetical protein LOC387263 
               
               
                 C6orf122 
                 NM_207502 
                 chromosome 6 open reading frame 122 
               
               
                 C6orf134 
                 NM_024909 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79969 isoform 2 
               
               
                 C6orf145 
                 NM_183373 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221749 
               
               
                 C6orf149 
                 NM_020408 
                 hypothetical protein LOC527128 
               
               
                 C6orf151 
                 NM_152551 
                 U11/U12 snRNP 48K 
               
               
                 C6orf153 
                 NM_033112 
                 hypothetical protein LOC88745 
               
               
                 C6orf199 
                 NM_145025 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221264 
               
               
                 C6orf35 
                 NM_018452 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55836 
               
               
                 C6orf47 
                 NM_021184 
                 G4 protein 
               
               
                 C6orf49 
                 NM_013397 
                 over-expressed breast tumor protein 
               
               
                 C6orf71 
                 NM_203395 
                 chromosome 6 open reading frame 71 
               
               
                 C6orf89 
                 NM_152734 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221477 
               
               
                 C7orf27 
                 NM_152743 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221927 
               
               
                 C7orf34 
                 NM_178829 
                 hypothetical protein LOC135927 
               
               
                 C8orf1 
                 NM_004337 
                 hypothetical protein LOC734 
               
               
                 C8orf13 
                 NM_053279 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83648 
               
               
                 C8orf30A 
                 NM_016458 
                 brain protein 16 
               
               
                 C8orf33 
                 NM_023080 
                 hypothetical protein LOC65265 
               
               
                 C8orf37 
                 NM_177965 
                 hypothetical protein LOC157657 
               
               
                 C8orf44 
                 NM_019607 
                 hypothetical protein LOC56260 
               
               
                 C8orf46 
                 NM_152765 
                 hypothetical protein LOC254778 
               
               
                 C8orf49 
                 NM_001031839 
                 hypothetical protein LOC606553 
               
               
                 C8orf51 
                 NM_024035 
                 hypothetical protein LOC78998 
               
               
                 C8orf55 
                 NM_016647 
                 mesenchymal stem cell protein DSCD75 
               
               
                 C8orf58 
                 NM_001013842 
                 hypothetical protein LOC541565 
               
               
                 C8orf78 
                 NM_182525 
                 hypothetical protein LOC157376 
               
               
                 C9orf106 
                 NM_001012715 
                 hypothetical protein LOC414318 
               
               
                 C9orf10OS 
                 NM_198841 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158293 
               
               
                 C9orf111 
                 NM_152286 
                 chromosome 9 open reading frame 111 
               
               
                 C9orf114 
                 NM_016390 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51490 
               
               
                 C9orf125 
                 NM_032342 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84302 
               
               
                 C9orf140 
                 NM_178448 
                 hypothetical protein LOC89958 
               
               
                 C9orf152 
                 NM_001012993 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401546 
               
               
                 C9orf23 
                 NM_148178 
                 hypothetical protein LOC138716 
               
               
                 C9orf25 
                 NM_147202 
                 hypothetical protein LOC203259 
               
               
                 C9orf28 
                 NM_001011703 
                 hypothetical protein LOC89853 isoform 2 
               
               
                 C9orf42 
                 NM_138333 
                 hypothetical protein LOC116224 
               
               
                 C9orf45 
                 NM_030814 
                 hypothetical protein L0C81571 
               
               
                 C9orf47 
                 NM_001001938 
                 hypothetical protein L0C286223 
               
               
                 C9orf58 
                 NM_001002260 
                 chromosome 9 open reading frame 58 isoform 2 
               
               
                 C9orf7 
                 NM_017586 
                 hypothetical protein LOC11094 
               
               
                 C9orf75 
                 NM_173691 
                 hypothetical protein LOC286262 
               
               
                 C9orf86 
                 NM_024718 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55684 
               
               
                 C9orf97 
                 NM_139246 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158427 
               
               
                 CA10 
                 NM_020178 
                 carbonic anhydrase X 
               
               
                 CA12 
                 NM_001218 
                 carbonic anhydrase XII isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 CA7 
                 NM_001014435 
                 carbonic anhydrase VII isoform 2 
               
               
                 CA9 
                 NM_001216 
                 carbonic anhydrase IX precursor 
               
               
                 CABLES2 
                 NM_031215 
                 Cdk5 and Ab1 enzyme substrate 2 
               
               
                 CABP1 
                 NM_001033677 
                 calcium binding protein 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 CACHD1 
                 NM_020925 
                 cache domain containing 1 
               
               
                 CACNA1E 
                 NM_000721 
                 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 1E 
               
               
                 CACNA1I 
                 NM_001003406 
                 voltage-dependent T-type calcium channel 
               
               
                 CACNA2D2 
                 NM_001005505 
                 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha 
               
               
                 CACNA2D4 
                 NM_001005737 
                 voltage-gated calcium channel alpha(2)delta-4 
               
               
                 CACNB1 
                 NM_000723 
                 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 1 
               
               
                 CACNB3 
                 NM_000725 
                 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, beta 3 
               
               
                 CACNG4 
                 NM_014405 
                 voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-4 
               
               
                 CADPS 
                 NM_003716 
                 Ca2+-dependent secretion activator isoform 1 
               
               
                 CALB1 
                 NM_004929 
                 calbindin 1 
               
               
                 CALCA 
                 NM_001033953 
                 calcitonin isoform CGRP preproprotein 
               
               
                 CALCB 
                 NM_000728 
                 calcitonin-related polypeptide, beta 
               
               
                 CALCOCO2 
                 NM_005831 
                 calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2 
               
               
                 CALCR 
                 NM_001742 
                 calcitonin receptor 
               
               
                 CALM3 
                 NM_005184 
                 calmodulin 3 
               
               
                 CALML3 
                 NM_005185 
                 calmodulin-like 3 
               
               
                 CALML5 
                 NM_017422 
                 calmodulin-like skin protein 
               
               
                 CALN1 
                 NM_001017440 
                 calneuron 1 
               
               
                 CAMK2B 
                 NM_001220 
                 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIB 
               
               
                 CAMKK1 
                 NM_032294 
                 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 1 
               
               
                 CAMKK2 
                 NM_172214 
                 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 
               
               
                 CAMLG 
                 NM_001745 
                 calcium modulating ligand 
               
               
                 CAMSAP1 
                 NM_015447 
                 calmodulin regulated spectrin-associated protein 
               
               
                 CAMTA1 
                 NM_015215 
                 calmodulin-binding transcription activator 1 
               
               
                 CAMTA2 
                 NM_015099 
                 calmodulin binding transcription activator 2 
               
               
                 CAP1 
                 NM_006367 
                 adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 
               
               
                 CAPN3 
                 NM_212467 
                 calpain 3 isoform h 
               
               
                 CAPN5 
                 NM_004055 
                 calpain 5 
               
               
                 CAPN6 
                 NM_014289 
                 calpain 6 
               
               
                 CAPN9 
                 NM_016452 
                 calpain 9 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CAPNS1 
                 NM_001003962 
                 calpain, small subunit 1 
               
               
                 CARD4 
                 NM_006092 
                 caspase recruitment domain family, member 4 
               
               
                 CARD9 
                 NM_052813 
                 caspase recruitment domain protein 9 
               
               
                 CARKL 
                 NM_013276 
                 carbohydrate kinase-like 
               
               
                 CARM1 
                 NM_199141 
                 coactivator-associated arginine 
               
               
                 CASKIN1 
                 NM_020764 
                 CASK interacting protein 1 
               
               
                 CASKIN2 
                 NM_020753 
                 cask-interacting protein 2 
               
               
                 CASP2 
                 NM_032982 
                 caspase 2 isoform 1 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CASP4 
                 NM_033307 
                 caspase 4 isoform delta 
               
               
                 CASP6 
                 NM_001226 
                 caspase 6 isoform alpha preproprotein 
               
               
                 CASP7 
                 NM_001227 
                 caspase 7 isoform alpha precursor 
               
               
                 CASR 
                 NM_000388 
                 calcium-sensing receptor 
               
               
                 CAST1 
                 NM_015576 
                 cytomatrix protein p110 
               
               
                 CASZ1 
                 NM_017766 
                 castor homolog 1, zinc finger 
               
               
                 CAV1 
                 NM_001753 
                 caveolin 1 
               
               
                 CAV2 
                 NM_001233 
                 caveolin 2 isoform a and b 
               
               
                 CAV3 
                 NM_001234 
                 caveolin 3 
               
               
                 CBFA2T2 
                 NM_001032999 
                 core-binding factor, runt domain, alpha subunit 
               
               
                 CBFA2T3 
                 NM_005187 
                 myeloid translocation gene-related protein 2 
               
               
                 CBFB 
                 NM_001755 
                 core-binding factor, beta subunit isoform 2 
               
               
                 CBLC 
                 NM_012116 
                 Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral 
               
               
                 CBLN1 
                 NM_004352 
                 cerebellin 1 precursor 
               
               
                 CBLN4 
                 NM_080617 
                 cerebellin 4 precursor 
               
               
                 CBS 
                 NM_000071 
                 cystathionine-beta-synthase 
               
               
                 CBX2 
                 NM_005189 
                 chromobox homolog 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CBX3 
                 NM_007276 
                 chromobox homolog 3 
               
               
                 CBX6 
                 NM_014292 
                 chromobox homolog 6 
               
               
                 CCBL1 
                 NM_004059 
                 cytoplasmic cysteine conjugate-beta lyase 
               
               
                 CCDC28B 
                 NM_024296 
                 coiled-coil domain containing 28B 
               
               
                 CCDC3 
                 NM_031455 
                 coiled-coil domain containing 3 
               
               
                 CCDC33 
                 NM_182791 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80125 
               
               
                 CCDC43 
                 NM_144609 
                 hypothetical protein LOC124808 
               
               
                 CCDC48 
                 NM_024768 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79825 
               
               
                 CCDC49 
                 NM_017748 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54883 
               
               
                 CCDC50 
                 NM_174908 
                 Ymer protein short isoform 
               
               
                 CCDC52 
                 NM_144718 
                 coiled-coil domain containing 52 
               
               
                 CCDC6 
                 NM_005436 
                 coiled-coil domain containing 6 
               
               
                 CCDC68 
                 NM_025214 
                 CTCL tumor antigen se57-1 
               
               
                 CCDC69 
                 NM_015621 
                 hypothetical protein LOC26112 
               
               
                 CCDC86 
                 NM_024098 
                 coiled-coil domain containing 86 
               
               
                 CCDC97 
                 NM_052848 
                 hypothetical protein LOC90324 
               
               
                 CCL22 
                 NM_002990 
                 small inducible cytokine A22 precursor 
               
               
                 CCND1 
                 NM_053056 
                 cyclin D1 
               
               
                 CCND2 
                 NM_001759 
                 cyclin D2 
               
               
                 CCND3 
                 NM_001760 
                 cyclin D3 
               
               
                 CCNE2 
                 NM_057735 
                 cyclin E2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CCNF 
                 NM_001761 
                 cyclin F 
               
               
                 CCNG1 
                 NM_004060 
                 cyclin G1 
               
               
                 CCNJ 
                 NM_019084 
                 cyclin J 
               
               
                 CCR1 
                 NM_001295 
                 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 1 
               
               
                 CCRL1 
                 NM_016557 
                 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 CD109 
                 NM_133493 
                 CD109 
               
               
                 CD14 
                 NM_000591 
                 CD14 antigen precursor 
               
               
                 CD151 
                 NM_004357 
                 CD151 antigen 
               
               
                 CD160 
                 NM_007053 
                 CD160 antigen 
               
               
                 CD164L2 
                 NM_207397 
                 CD164 sialomucin-like 2 
               
               
                 CD180 
                 NM_005582 
                 CD180 antigen 
               
               
                 CD200 
                 NM_001004196 
                 CD200 antigen isoform b 
               
               
                 CD247 
                 NM_000734 
                 T-cell receptor zeta chain isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 CD276 
                 NM_001024736 
                 CD276 antigen isoform a 
               
               
                 CD28 
                 NM_006139 
                 CD28 antigen 
               
               
                 CD3E 
                 NM_000733 
                 CD3E antigen, epsilon polypeptide (TiT3 
               
               
                 CD40LG 
                 NM_000074 
                 CD40 ligand 
               
               
                 CD44 
                 NM_000610 
                 CD44 antigen isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 CD46 
                 NM_002389 
                 CD46 antigen, complement regulatory protein 
               
               
                 CD47 
                 NM_001025079 
                 CD47 molecule isoform 3 precursor 
               
               
                 CD59 
                 NM_000611 
                 CD59 antigen p18-20 
               
               
                 CD84 
                 NM_003874 
                 CD84 antigen (leukocyte antigen) 
               
               
                 CD86 
                 NM_006889 
                 CD86 antigen isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 CD8A 
                 NM_001768 
                 CD8 antigen alpha polypeptide isoform 1 
               
               
                 CD97 
                 NM_001025160 
                 CD97 antigen isoform 3 precursor 
               
               
                 CD99L2 
                 NM_031462 
                 CD99 antigen-like 2 isoform E3′-E4′-E3-E4 
               
               
                 CDA 
                 NM_001785 
                 cytidine deaminase 
               
               
                 CDADC1 
                 NM_030911 
                 cytidine and dCMP deaminase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 CDAN1 
                 NM_138477 
                 codanin 1 
               
               
                 CDC23 
                 NM_004661 
                 cell division cycle protein 23 
               
               
                 CDC25A 
                 NM_001789 
                 cell division cycle 25A isoform a 
               
               
                 CDC2L6 
                 NM_015076 
                 cyclin-dependent kinase (CDC2-like) 11 
               
               
                 CDC37 
                 NM_007065 
                 CDC37 homolog 
               
               
                 CDC40 
                 NM_015891 
                 cell division cycle 40 homolog 
               
               
                 CDC42BPB 
                 NM_006035 
                 CDC42-bindin protein kinase beta 
               
               
                 CDC42EP1 
                 NM_007061 
                 CDC42 effector protein 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 CDC42EP4 
                 NM_012121 
                 Cdc42 effector protein 4 
               
               
                 CDC42SE1 
                 NM_020239 
                 CDC42 small effector 1 
               
               
                 CDCA5 
                 NM_080668 
                 cell division cycle associated 5 
               
               
                 CDCA8 
                 NM_018101 
                 cell division cycle associated 8 
               
               
                 CDGAP 
                 NM_020754 
                 Cdc42 GTPase-activating protein 
               
               
                 CDH13 
                 NM_001257 
                 cadherin 13 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CDH16 
                 NM_004062 
                 cadherin 16 precursor 
               
               
                 CDH17 
                 NM_004063 
                 cadherin 17 precursor 
               
               
                 CDH6 
                 NM_004932 
                 cadherin 6, type 2 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CDH9 
                 NM_016279 
                 cadherin 9, type 2 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CDK10 
                 NM_052988 
                 cyclin-dependent kinase 10 isoform 3 
               
               
                 CDK2AP1 
                 NM_004642 
                 CDK2-associated protein 1 
               
               
                 CDK5R2 
                 NM_003936 
                 cyclin-dependent kinase 5, regulatory subunit 2 
               
               
                 CDK6 
                 NM_001259 
                 cyclin-dependent kinase 6 
               
               
                 CDKN1B 
                 NM_004064 
                 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B 
               
               
                 CDON 
                 NM_016952 
                 surface glycoprotein, Ig superfamily member 
               
               
                 CDRT4 
                 NM_173622 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284040 
               
               
                 CEACAM1 
                 NM_001024912 
                 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion 
               
               
                 CEACAM21 
                 NM_033543 
                 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion 
               
               
                 CEACAM7 
                 NM_006890 
                 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion 
               
               
                 CEACAM8 
                 NM_001816 
                 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion 
               
               
                 CEECAM1 
                 NM_016174 
                 cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 
               
               
                 CELSR1 
                 NM_014246 
                 cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 1 
               
               
                 CELSR2 
                 NM_001408 
                 cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 2 
               
               
                 CELSR3 
                 NM_001407 
                 cadherin EGF LAG seven-pass G-type receptor 3 
               
               
                 CENPB 
                 NM_001810 
                 centromere protein B 
               
               
                 CENTG1 
                 NM_014770 
                 centaurin, gamma 1 
               
               
                 CEP192 
                 NM_018069 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55125 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CEP250 
                 NM_007186 
                 centrosomal protein 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CEP55 
                 NM_018131 
                 centrosomal protein 55 kDa 
               
               
                 CEP72 
                 NM_018140 
                 centrosomal protein 72 kDa 
               
               
                 CERK 
                 NM_022766 
                 ceramide kinase isoform a 
               
               
                 CFD 
                 NM_001928 
                 complement factor D preproprotein 
               
               
                 CFTR 
                 NM_000492 
                 cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance 
               
               
                 CGA 
                 NM_000735 
                 glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide 
               
               
                 CGGBP1 
                 NM_001008390 
                 CGG triplet repeat binding protein 1 
               
               
                 CGNL1 
                 NM_032866 
                 cingulin-like 1 
               
               
                 CHCHD5 
                 NM_032309 
                 coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain 
               
               
                 CHCHD7 
                 NM_001011667 
                 coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain 
               
               
                 CHD1 
                 NM_001270 
                 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 1 
               
               
                 CHD2 
                 NM_001271 
                 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 2 
               
               
                 CHD3 
                 NM_001005271 
                 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3 
               
               
                 CHD5 
                 NM_015557 
                 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 5 
               
               
                 CHERP 
                 NM_006387 
                 calcium homeostasis endoplasmic reticulum 
               
               
                 CHES1 
                 NM_005197 
                 checkpoint suppressor 1 
               
               
                 CHKB 
                 NM_152253 
                 choline/ethanolamine kinase isoform b 
               
               
                 CHMP4A 
                 NM_014169 
                 chromatin modifying protein 4A 
               
               
                 CHMP7 
                 NM_152272 
                 CHMP family, member 7 
               
               
                 CHR415SYT 
                 NM_001014372 
                 chr415 synaptotagmin 
               
               
                 CHRAC1 
                 NM_017444 
                 chromatin accessibility complex 1 
               
               
                 CHRD 
                 NM_177978 
                 chordin isoform b 
               
               
                 CHRFAM7A 
                 NM_139320 
                 CHRNA7-FAM7A fusion isoform 1 
               
               
                 CHRNA7 
                 NM_000746 
                 cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, alpha 7 
               
               
                 CHRNE 
                 NM_000080 
                 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor epsilon 
               
               
                 CHST1 
                 NM_003654 
                 carbohydrate (keratan sulfate Gal-6) 
               
               
                 CHST10 
                 NM_004854 
                 HNK-1 sulfotransferase 
               
               
                 CHST12 
                 NM_018641 
                 carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 
               
               
                 CHST13 
                 NM_152889 
                 carbohydrate (chondroitin 4) sulfotransferase 
               
               
                 CHST3 
                 NM_004273 
                 carbohydrate (chondroitin 6) sulfotransferase 3 
               
               
                 CIB2 
                 NM_006383 
                 DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic 
               
               
                 CIRBP 
                 NM_001280 
                 cold inducible RNA binding protein 
               
               
                 CITED2 
                 NM_006079 
                 Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator, with 
               
               
                 CITED4 
                 NM_133467 
                 Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator, with 
               
               
                 CKAP1 
                 NM_001281 
                 cytoskeleton associated protein 1 
               
               
                 CKAP4 
                 NM_006825 
                 cytoskeleton-associated protein 4 
               
               
                 CLASP1 
                 NM_015282 
                 CLIP-associating protein 1 
               
               
                 CLDN1 
                 NM_021101 
                 claudin 1 
               
               
                 CLDN12 
                 NM_012129 
                 claudin 12 
               
               
                 CLDN15 
                 NM_014343 
                 claudin 15 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CLDN18 
                 NM_001002026 
                 claudin 18 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CLDN19 
                 NM_148960 
                 claudin 19 
               
               
                 CLDN2 
                 NM_020384 
                 claudin 2 
               
               
                 CLDN6 
                 NM_021195 
                 claudin 6 
               
               
                 CLDN9 
                 NM_020982 
                 claudin 9 
               
               
                 CLDND1 
                 NM_019895 
                 claudin domain containing 1 protein isoform a 
               
               
                 CLEC2A 
                 NM_207375 
                 C-type lectin domain family 2, member A 
               
               
                 CLIC5 
                 NM_016929 
                 chloride intracellular channel 5 
               
               
                 CLIC6 
                 NM_053277 
                 chloride intracellular channel 6 
               
               
                 CLIPR-59 
                 NM_015526 
                 CLIP-170-related protein 
               
               
                 CLLU1 
                 NM_001025233 
                 hypothetical protein LOC574028 
               
               
                 CLN6 
                 NM_017882 
                 CLN6 protein 
               
               
                 CLOCK 
                 NM_004898 
                 clock 
               
               
                 CLPB 
                 NM_030813 
                 suppressor of potassium transport defect 3 
               
               
                 CLSTN2 
                 NM_022131 
                 calsyntenin 2 
               
               
                 CMIP 
                 NM_030629 
                 c-Maf-inducing protein Tc-mip isoform 
               
               
                 CMTM4 
                 NM_181521 
                 chemokine-like factor superfamily 4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CMYA1 
                 NM_194293 
                 cardiomyopathy associated 1 
               
               
                 CNFN 
                 NM_032488 
                 cornifelin 
               
               
                 CNGA2 
                 NM_005140 
                 cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 2 
               
               
                 CNGA3 
                 NM_001298 
                 cyclic nucleotide gated channel alpha 3 
               
               
                 CNGB1 
                 NM_001297 
                 cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta 1 
               
               
                 CNKSR3 
                 NM_173515 
                 CNKSR family member 3 
               
               
                 CNNM3 
                 NM_017623 
                 cyclin M3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CNNM4 
                 NM_020184 
                 cyclin M4 
               
               
                 CNOT4 
                 NM_001008225 
                 CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 4 
               
               
                 CNOT6 
                 NM_015455 
                 CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 6 
               
               
                 CNOT7 
                 NM_054026 
                 CCR4-NOT transcription complex, subunit 7 
               
               
                 CNP 
                 NM_033133 
                 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphodiesterase 
               
               
                 CNTF 
                 NM_000614 
                 ciliary neurotrophic factor 
               
               
                 CNTN2 
                 NM_005076 
                 contactin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 CNTN3 
                 NM_020872 
                 contactin 3 
               
               
                 CNTN4 
                 NM_175607 
                 contactin 4 isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 CNTNAP1 
                 NM_003632 
                 contactin associated protein 1 
               
               
                 CNTNAP2 
                 NM_014141 
                 cell recognition molecule Caspr2 precursor 
               
               
                 CNTNAP4 
                 NM_033401 
                 cell recognition protein CASPR4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CNTNAP5 
                 NM_130773 
                 contactin associated protein-like 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 COBRA1 
                 NM_015456 
                 cofactor of BRCA1 
               
               
                 COG3 
                 NM_031431 
                 component of golgi transport complex 3 
               
               
                 COG6 
                 NM_020751 
                 component of oligomeric golgi complex 6 
               
               
                 COL12A1 
                 NM_004370 
                 collagen, type XII, alpha 1 long isoform 
               
               
                 COL18A1 
                 NM_030582 
                 alpha 1 type XVIII collagen isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 COL1A1 
                 NM_000088 
                 alpha 1 type I collagen preproprotein 
               
               
                 COL20A1 
                 NM_020882 
                 collagen-like protein 
               
               
                 COL22A1 
                 NM_152888 
                 collagen, type XXII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL23A1 
                 NM_173465 
                 collagen, type XXIII, alpha 1 
               
               
                 COL25A1 
                 NM_032518 
                 collagen, type XXV, alpha 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 COL2A1 
                 NM_001844 
                 alpha 1 type II collagen isoform 1 
               
               
                 COL4A2 
                 NM_001846 
                 alpha 2 type IV collagen preproprotein 
               
               
                 COL4A4 
                 NM_000092 
                 alpha 4 type IV collagen precursor 
               
               
                 COL5A1 
                 NM_000093 
                 alpha 1 type V collagen preproprotein 
               
               
                 COL6A2 
                 NM_058175 
                 alpha 2 type VI collagen isoform 2C2a precursor 
               
               
                 COMMD3 
                 NM_012071 
                 COMM domain containing 3 
               
               
                 COMMD4 
                 NM_017828 
                 COMM domain containing 4 
               
               
                 COMMD5 
                 NM_014066 
                 hypertension-related calcium-regulated gene 
               
               
                 COMMD9 
                 NM_014186 
                 COMM domain containing 9 
               
               
                 COPS7B 
                 NM_022730 
                 COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog 
               
               
                 COPZ1 
                 NM_016057 
                 coatomer protein complex, subunit zeta 1 
               
               
                 COQ9 
                 NM_020312 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57017 
               
               
                 CORIN 
                 NM_006587 
                 corin 
               
               
                 CORO1B 
                 NM_001018070 
                 coronin, actin binding protein, 1B 
               
               
                 CORO1C 
                 NM_014325 
                 coronin, actin binding protein, 1C 
               
               
                 CORO2B 
                 NM_006091 
                 coronin, actin binding protein, 2B 
               
               
                 CORO6 
                 NM_032854 
                 coronin 6 
               
               
                 COVA1 
                 NM_006375 
                 cytosolic ovarian carcinoma antigen 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 COX10 
                 NM_001303 
                 heme A:farnesyltransferase 
               
               
                 COX7A2 
                 NM_001865 
                 cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vila polypeptide 2 
               
               
                 CPA4 
                 NM_016352 
                 carboxypeptidase A4 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CPA6 
                 NM_020361 
                 carboxypeptidase B precursor 
               
               
                 CPD 
                 NM_001304 
                 carboxypeptidase D precursor 
               
               
                 CPEB2 
                 NM_182485 
                 cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding 
               
               
                 CPEB3 
                 NM_014912 
                 cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding 
               
               
                 CPLX2 
                 NM_001008220 
                 complexin 2 
               
               
                 CPM 
                 NM_001005502 
                 carboxypeptidase M precursor 
               
               
                 CPNE5 
                 NM_020939 
                 copine V 
               
               
                 CPSF4 
                 NM_006693 
                 cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, 
               
               
                 CPSF6 
                 NM_007007 
                 cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 6, 
               
               
                 CR2 
                 NM_001006658 
                 complement component (3d/Epstein Barr virus) 
               
               
                 CRABP2 
                 NM_001878 
                 cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2 
               
               
                 CRAMP1L 
                 NM_020825 
                 Crm, cramped-like 
               
               
                 CRB1 
                 NM_201253 
                 crumbs homolog 1 precursor 
               
               
                 CRB2 
                 NM_173689 
                 crumbs homolog 2 
               
               
                 CRB3 
                 NM_139161 
                 crumbs 3 isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 CREB3L1 
                 NM_052854 
                 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 
               
               
                 CREB3L2 
                 NM_194071 
                 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 
               
               
                 CREB3L3 
                 NM_032607 
                 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 
               
               
                 CREB5 
                 NM_001011666 
                 cAMP responsive element binding protein 5 
               
               
                 CREG1 
                 NM_003851 
                 cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 
               
               
                 CREG2 
                 NM_153836 
                 cellular repressor of E1A-stimulated genes 2 
               
               
                 CRHR1 
                 NM_004382 
                 corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 
               
               
                 CRI1 
                 NM_014335 
                 CREBBP/EP300 inhibitor 1 
               
               
                 CRIP2 
                 NM_001312 
                 cysteine-rich protein 2 
               
               
                 CRISPLD2 
                 NM_031476 
                 cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain 
               
               
                 CRK 
                 NM_005206 
                 v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 CRMP1 
                 NM_001014809 
                 collapsin response mediator protein 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CRNKL1 
                 NM_016652 
                 crooked neck-like 1 protein 
               
               
                 CRP 
                 NM_000567 
                 C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related 
               
               
                 CRSP7 
                 NM_004831 
                 cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional 
               
               
                 CRSP8 
                 NM_004269 
                 cofactor required for Sp1 transcriptional 
               
               
                 CRTAP 
                 NM_006371 
                 cartilage associated protein precursor 
               
               
                 CRTC1 
                 NM_015321 
                 mucoepidermoid carcinoma translocated 1 isoform 
               
               
                 CRTC3 
                 NM_022769 
                 transducer of regulated CREB protein 3 
               
               
                 CRY2 
                 NM_021117 
                 cryptochrome 2 (photolyase-like) 
               
               
                 CRYZL1 
                 NM_145858 
                 crystallin, zeta-like 1 
               
               
                 CSDC2 
                 NM_014460 
                 RNA-binding protein pippin 
               
               
                 CSF1R 
                 NM_005211 
                 colony stimulating factor 1 receptor precursor 
               
               
                 CSMD1 
                 NM_033225 
                 CUB and Sushi multiple domains 1 
               
               
                 CSNK1A1 
                 NM_001025105 
                 casein kinase 1, alpha 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CSNK1G1 
                 NM_001011664 
                 casein kinase 1, gamma 1 isoform L 
               
               
                 CSNK1G3 
                 NM_001031812 
                 casein kinase 1, gamma 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CSRP1 
                 NM_004078 
                 cysteine and glycine-rich protein 1 
               
               
                 CST9 
                 NM_001008693 
                 cystatin 9 
               
               
                 CTCF 
                 NM_006565 
                 CCCTC-binding factor 
               
               
                 CTCFL 
                 NM_080618 
                 CCCTC-binding factor-like protein 
               
               
                 CTDSP1 
                 NM_021198 
                 CTD (carboxy-terminal domain, RNA polymerase II, 
               
               
                 CTDSP2 
                 NM_005730 
                 nuclear LIM interactor-interacting factor 2 
               
               
                 CTDSPL 
                 NM_001008392 
                 small CTD phosphatase 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CTF1 
                 NM_001330 
                 cardiotrophin 1 
               
               
                 CTNNBIP1 
                 NM_001012329 
                 catenin, beta interacting protein 1 
               
               
                 CTNND1 
                 NM_001331 
                 catenin (cadherin-associated protein), delta 1 
               
               
                 CTNND2 
                 NM_001332 
                 catenin (cadherin-associated protein), delta 2 
               
               
                 CTPS 
                 NM_001905 
                 CTP synthase 
               
               
                 CTPS2 
                 NM_019857 
                 cytidine triphosphate synthase II 
               
               
                 CTSB 
                 NM_001908 
                 cathepsin B preproprotein 
               
               
                 CTSC 
                 NM_148170 
                 cathepsin C isoform b precursor 
               
               
                 CTSW 
                 NM_001335 
                 cathepsin W preproprotein 
               
               
                 CTTNBP2NL 
                 NM_018704 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55917 
               
               
                 CUEDC1 
                 NM_017949 
                 CUE domain-containing 1 
               
               
                 CUGBP2 
                 NM_001025076 
                 CUG triplet repeat, RNA binding protein 2 
               
               
                 CUL5 
                 NM_003478 
                 Vasopressin-activated calcium-mobilizing 
               
               
                 CUTL2 
                 NM_015267 
                 cut-like 2 
               
               
                 CX3CR1 
                 NM_001337 
                 chemokine (C-X3-C motif) receptor 1 
               
               
                 CXCL1 
                 NM_001511 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 
               
               
                 CXCL10 
                 NM_001565 
                 small inducible cytokine B10 precursor 
               
               
                 CXCL11 
                 NM_005409 
                 small inducible cytokine B11 precursor 
               
               
                 CXCL12 
                 NM_000609 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (stromal 
               
               
                 CXCL14 
                 NM_004887 
                 small inducible cytokine B14 precursor 
               
               
                 CXCL16 
                 NM_022059 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 
               
               
                 CXCL2 
                 NM_002089 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 
               
               
                 CXCL5 
                 NM_002994 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 precursor 
               
               
                 CXCR3 
                 NM_001504 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 
               
               
                 CXorf12 
                 NM_003492 
                 chromosome X open reading frame 12 
               
               
                 CXorf15 
                 NM_018360 
                 gamma-taxilin 
               
               
                 CXorf9 
                 NM_018990 
                 SH3 protein expressed in lymphocytes 
               
               
                 CYB561D2 
                 NM_007022 
                 cytochrome b-561 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 CYB5B 
                 NM_030579 
                 cytochrome b5 outer mitochondrial membrane 
               
               
                 CYB5R2 
                 NM_001001336 
                 cytochrome b5 reductase b5R.2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 CYBASC3 
                 NM_153611 
                 cytochrome b, ascorbate dependent 3 
               
               
                 CYBRD1 
                 NM_024843 
                 cytochrome b reductase 1 
               
               
                 CYCS 
                 NM_018947 
                 cytochrome c 
               
               
                 CYP11B1 
                 NM_000497 
                 cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, 
               
               
                 CYP19A1 
                 NM_000103 
                 cytochrome P450, family 19 
               
               
                 CYP20A1 
                 NM_020674 
                 cytochrome P450, family 20, subfamily A, 
               
               
                 CYP27B1 
                 NM_000785 
                 cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily B, 
               
               
                 CYP4F3 
                 NM_000896 
                 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, 
               
               
                 CYP4F8 
                 NM_007253 
                 cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, 
               
               
                 CYR61 
                 NM_001554 
                 cysteine-rich, angiogenic inducer, 61 
               
               
                 CYYR1 
                 NM_052954 
                 cysteine and tyrosine-rich 1 protein precursor 
               
               
                 D15Wsu75e 
                 NM_015704 
                 hypothetical protein LOC27351 
               
               
                 D2HGDH 
                 NM_152783 
                 D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 D4ST1 
                 NM_130468 
                 dermatan 4 sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 DAAM1 
                 NM_014992 
                 dishevelled-associated activator of 
               
               
                 DAAM2 
                 NM_015345 
                 dishevelled associated activator of 
               
               
                 DAB2IP 
                 NM_032552 
                 DAB2 interacting protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 DAG1 
                 NM_004393 
                 dystroglycan 1 precursor 
               
               
                 DAK 
                 NM_015533 
                 dihydroxyacetone kinase 2 
               
               
                 DAO 
                 NM_001917 
                 D-amino-acid oxidase 
               
               
                 DAPK2 
                 NM_014326 
                 death-associated protein kinase 2 
               
               
                 DARC 
                 NM_002036 
                 Duffy blood group 
               
               
                 DBC1 
                 NM_014618 
                 deleted in bladder cancer 1 
               
               
                 DBF4B 
                 NM_145663 
                 DBF4 homolog B isoform 1 
               
               
                 DBNDD1 
                 NM_024043 
                 dysbindin (dystrobrevin binding protein 1) 
               
               
                 DBNDD2 
                 NM_033542 
                 SCF apoptosis response protein 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 DBNL 
                 NM_001014436 
                 drebrin-like isoform b 
               
               
                 DCBLD1 
                 NM_173674 
                 discoidin, CUB and LCCL domain containing 1 
               
               
                 DCLRE1B 
                 NM_022836 
                 DNA cross-link repair 1B (PSO2 homolog, S. 
               
               
                 DCST2 
                 NM_144622 
                 hypothetical protein LOC127579 
               
               
                 DCTN5 
                 NM_032486 
                 dynactin 4 
               
               
                 DCUN1D3 
                 NM_173475 
                 hypothetical protein LOC123879 
               
               
                 DCX 
                 NM_000555 
                 doublecortin isoform a 
               
               
                 DDB1 
                 NM_001923 
                 damage-specific DNA binding protein 1 
               
               
                 DDEF1 
                 NM_018482 
                 development and differentiation enhancing factor 
               
               
                 DDEF2 
                 NM_003887 
                 development-and differentiation-enhancing 
               
               
                 DDN 
                 NM_015086 
                 dendrin 
               
               
                 DDX10 
                 NM_004398 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 10 
               
               
                 DDX11 
                 NM_004399 
                 DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide 11 
               
               
                 DDX17 
                 NM_006386 
                 DEAD box polypeptide 17 isoform p82 
               
               
                 DDX19A 
                 NM_018332 
                 DDX19-like protein 
               
               
                 DDX19B 
                 NM_001014449 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-As) box polypeptide 19 isoform 
               
               
                 DDX19-DDX19L 
                 NM_001015047 
                 DDX19-DDX19L protein 
               
               
                 DDX21 
                 NM_004728 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 21 
               
               
                 DDX26B 
                 NM_182540 
                 hypothetical protein LOC203522 
               
               
                 DDX41 
                 NM_016222 
                 DEAD-box protein abstrakt 
               
               
                 DDX58 
                 NM_014314 
                 DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide 
               
               
                 DDX59 
                 NM_031306 
                 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 59 
               
               
                 DEADC1 
                 NM_182503 
                 deaminase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 DEDD2 
                 NM_133328 
                 death effector domain-containing DNA binding 
               
               
                 DENND1A 
                 NM_020946 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57706 isoform 1 
               
               
                 DENND2D 
                 NM_024901 
                 DENN/MADD domain containing 2D 
               
               
                 DEPDC5 
                 NM_014662 
                 DEP domain containing 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 DEPDC6 
                 NM_022783 
                 DEP domain containing 6 
               
               
                 DERL3 
                 NM_001002862 
                 derlin-3 protein isoform b 
               
               
                 DFFA 
                 NM_004401 
                 DNA fragmentation factor, 45 kDa, alpha 
               
               
                 DFNB31 
                 NM_015404 
                 CASK-interacting protein C1P98 
               
               
                 DGAT1 
                 NM_012079 
                 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 DGAT2 
                 NM_032564 
                 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase homolog 2 
               
               
                 DGAT2L6 
                 NM_198512 
                 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 like 6 
               
               
                 DGCR13 
                 NM_001024733 
                 DiGeorge syndrome gene H 
               
               
                 DGCR2 
                 NM_005137 
                 integral membrane protein DGCR2 
               
               
                 DGCR6 
                 NM_005675 
                 DiGeorge syndrome critical region protein 6 
               
               
                 DGCR6L 
                 NM_033257 
                 DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 6 like 
               
               
                 DGKB 
                 NM_145695 
                 diacylglycerol kinase, beta isoform 2 
               
               
                 DGKI 
                 NM_004717 
                 diacylglycerol kinase, iota 
               
               
                 DGKZ 
                 NM_003646 
                 diacylglycerol kinase, zeta 104 kDa isoform 2 
               
               
                 DHCR24 
                 NM_014762 
                 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase precursor 
               
               
                 DHCR7 
                 NM_001360 
                 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase 
               
               
                 DHTKDI 
                 NM_018706 
                 dehydrogenase E1 and transketolase domain 
               
               
                 DHX34 
                 NM_194428 
                 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 34 
               
               
                 DHX40 
                 NM_024612 
                 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 40 
               
               
                 DIABLO 
                 NM_019887 
                 diablo isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 DICER1 
                 NM_030621 
                 dicer 1 
               
               
                 DIDO1 
                 NM_022105 
                 death inducer-obliterator 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 DIP 
                 NM_015124 
                 death-inducing-protein 
               
               
                 DIP2C 
                 NM_014974 
                 hypothetical protein LOC22982 
               
               
                 DIRAS1 
                 NM_145173 
                 small GTP-binding tumor suppressor 1 
               
               
                 DISC1 
                 NM_001012957 
                 disrupted in schizophrenia 1 isoform Lv 
               
               
                 DISP2 
                 NM_033510 
                 dispatched B 
               
               
                 DIXDC1 
                 NM_033425 
                 DIX domain containing 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 DKFZp434I1020 
                 NM_194295 
                 hypothetical protein LOC196968 
               
               
                 DKFZp451A211 
                 NM_001003399 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400169 
               
               
                 DKFZp564K142 
                 NM_032121 
                 implantation-associated protein 
               
               
                 DKFZp686O24166 
                 NM_001009913 
                 hypothetical protein LOC374383 
               
               
                 DKFZp761B107 
                 NM_173463 
                 hypothetical protein LOC91050 
               
               
                 DKFZP761H1710 
                 NM_031297 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83459 
               
               
                 DKFZp779B1540 
                 NM_001010903 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389384 
               
               
                 DKK1 
                 NM_012242 
                 dickkopf homolog 1 precursor 
               
               
                 DLAT 
                 NM_001931 
                 dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2 
               
               
                 DLEC1 
                 NM_007335 
                 deleted in lung and esophageal cancer 1 isoform 
               
               
                 DLG5 
                 NM_004747 
                 discs large homolog 5 
               
               
                 DLGAP2 
                 NM_004745 
                 discs large-associated protein 2 
               
               
                 DLL1 
                 NM_005618 
                 delta-like 1 
               
               
                 DLL4 
                 NM_019074 
                 delta-like 4 protein precursor 
               
               
                 DLX1 
                 NM_178120 
                 distal-less homeobox 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 DLX3 
                 NM_005220 
                 distal-less homeobox 3 
               
               
                 DMRTC1 
                 NM_033053 
                 DMRT-like family C1 
               
               
                 DMWD 
                 NM_004943 
                 dystrophia myotonica-containing WD repeat motif 
               
               
                 DNAH10 
                 NM_207437 
                 dynein, axonemal, heavy polypeptide 10 
               
               
                 DNAJB1 
                 NM_006145 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 1 
               
               
                 DNAJB12 
                 NM_001002762 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 12 
               
               
                 DNAJB2 
                 NM_006736 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 2 
               
               
                 DNAJC10 
                 NM_018981 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 10 
               
               
                 DNAJC11 
                 NM_018198 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 11 
               
               
                 DNAJC14 
                 NM_032364 
                 dopamine receptor interacting protein 
               
               
                 DNAJC18 
                 NM_152686 
                 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 18 
               
               
                 DNAL4 
                 NM_005740 
                 dynein light chain 4, axonemal 
               
               
                 DNALI1 
                 NM_003462 
                 axonemal dynein light chain 
               
               
                 DNASE1L2 
                 NM_001374 
                 deoxyribonuclease I-like 2 
               
               
                 DNMIL 
                 NM_005690 
                 dynamin 1-like protein isoform 3 
               
               
                 DNM3 
                 NM_015569 
                 dynamin 3 
               
               
                 DNMT3A 
                 NM_175630 
                 DNA cytosine methyltransferase 3 alpha isoform 
               
               
                 DOCK3 
                 NM_004947 
                 dedicator of cytokinesis 3 
               
               
                 DOCK8 
                 NM_203447 
                 dedicator of cytokinesis 8 
               
               
                 DOCK9 
                 NM_015296 
                 dedicator of cytokinesis 9 
               
               
                 DOK4 
                 NM_018110 
                 downstream of tyrosine kinase 4 
               
               
                 DOK5 
                 NM_018431 
                 DOK5 protein isoform a 
               
               
                 DOLPP1 
                 NM_020438 
                 dolichyl pyrophosphate phosphatase 1 
               
               
                 DPF2 
                 NM_006268 
                 D4, zinc and double PHD fingers family 2 
               
               
                 DPF3 
                 NM_012074 
                 D4, zinc and double PHD fingers, family 3 
               
               
                 DPH1 
                 NM_001383 
                 diptheria toxin resistance protein required for 
               
               
                 DPP3 
                 NM_005700 
                 dipeptidyl peptidase III 
               
               
                 DPP4 
                 NM_001935 
                 dipeptidylpeptidase IV 
               
               
                 DPY19L3 
                 NM_207325 
                 dpy-19-like 3 
               
               
                 DPYD 
                 NM_000110 
                 dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 DPYSL3 
                 NM_001387 
                 dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 
               
               
                 DPYSL4 
                 NM_006426 
                 dihydropyrimidinase-like 4 
               
               
                 DR1 
                 NM_001938 
                 down-regulator of transcription 1 
               
               
                 DRD2 
                 NM_000795 
                 dopamine receptor D2 isoform long 
               
               
                 DSC3 
                 NM_001941 
                 desmocollin 3 isoform Dsc3a preproprotein 
               
               
                 DSCR1 
                 NM_004414 
                 calcipressin 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 DSCR3 
                 NM_006052 
                 Down syndrome critical region protein 3 
               
               
                 DTNA 
                 NM_001390 
                 dystrobrevin alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 DTX3L 
                 NM_138287 
                 deltex 3-like 
               
               
                 DULLARD 
                 NM_015343 
                 dullard homolog 
               
               
                 DUOX1 
                 NM_017434 
                 dual oxidase 1 precursor 
               
               
                 DUOX2 
                 NM_014080 
                 dual oxidase 2 precursor 
               
               
                 DUSP13 
                 NM_001007271 
                 muscle-restricted dual specificity phosphatase 
               
               
                 DUSP22 
                 NM_020185 
                 dual specificity phosphatase 22 
               
               
                 DUSP3 
                 NM_004090 
                 dual specificity phosphatase 3 
               
               
                 DUSP5 
                 NM_004419 
                 dual specificity phosphatase 5 
               
               
                 DYNC1LI1 
                 NM_016141 
                 dynein light chain-A 
               
               
                 DYRK2 
                 NM_003583 
                 dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation 
               
               
                 E2F2 
                 NM_004091 
                 E2F transcription factor 2 
               
               
                 E2F3 
                 NM_001949 
                 E2F transcription factor 3 
               
               
                 E2F5 
                 NM_001951 
                 E2F transcription factor 5 
               
               
                 EAF1 
                 NM_033083 
                 ELL associated factor 1 
               
               
                 EARS2 
                 NM_133451 
                 hypothetical protein LOC124454 
               
               
                 ECEL1 
                 NM_004826 
                 endothelin converting enzyme-like 1 
               
               
                 ECHDC3 
                 NM_024693 
                 enoyl Coenzyme A hydratase domain containing 3 
               
               
                 ECOP 
                 NM_030796 
                 EGFR-coamplified and overexpressed protein 
               
               
                 EDAR 
                 NM_022336 
                 ectodysplasin A receptor 
               
               
                 EDARADD 
                 NM_080738 
                 EDAR-associated death domain isoform B 
               
               
                 EDEM3 
                 NM_025191 
                 ER degradation enhancer, mannosidase alpha-like 
               
               
                 EDG3 
                 NM_005226 
                 endothelial differentiation, sphingolipid 
               
               
                 EDG4 
                 NM_004720 
                 endothelial differentiation, lysophosphatidic 
               
               
                 EDN2 
                 NM_001956 
                 endothelin 2 
               
               
                 EDNRA 
                 NM_001957 
                 endothelin receptor type A 
               
               
                 EDNRB 
                 NM_000115 
                 endothelin receptor type B isoform 1 
               
               
                 EEF2K 
                 NM_013302 
                 elongation factor-2 kinase 
               
               
                 EEFSEC 
                 NM_021937 
                 elongation factor for selenoprotein translation 
               
               
                 EFCAB1 
                 NM_024593 
                 EF-hand calcium binding domain 1 
               
               
                 EFHD1 
                 NM_025202 
                 EF hand domain family, member D1 
               
               
                 EFHD2 
                 NM_024329 
                 EF hand domain family, member D2 
               
               
                 EFNA3 
                 NM_004952 
                 ephrin A3 
               
               
                 EFNB1 
                 NM_004429 
                 ephrin-B1 precursor 
               
               
                 EFNB3 
                 NM_001406 
                 ephrin-B3 precursor 
               
               
                 EGLN3 
                 NM_022073 
                 egl nine homolog 3 
               
               
                 EGR2 
                 NM_000399 
                 early growth response 2 protein 
               
               
                 EHD2 
                 NM_014601 
                 EH-domain containing 2 
               
               
                 EHD4 
                 NM_139265 
                 EH-domain containing 4 
               
               
                 EI24 
                 NM_001007277 
                 etoposide induced 2.4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 EIF2AK1 
                 NM_014413 
                 heme-regulated initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 
               
               
                 EIF2B5 
                 NM_003907 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B, 
               
               
                 EIF2C1 
                 NM_012199 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C, 1 
               
               
                 EIF2C4 
                 NM_017629 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C. 4 
               
               
                 EIF2S2 
                 NM_003908 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 beta 
               
               
                 EIF4EBP2 
                 NM_004096 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E 
               
               
                 EIF4G1 
                 NM_004953 
                 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 
               
               
                 ELF2 
                 NM_006874 
                 E74-like factor 2 (ets domain transcription 
               
               
                 ELF5 
                 NM_001422 
                 E74-like factor 5 ESE-2b 
               
               
                 ELL 
                 NM_006532 
                 elongation factor RNA polymerase II 
               
               
                 Ells1 
                 NM_152793 
                 hypothetical protein LOC222166 
               
               
                 ELMO1 
                 NM_014800 
                 engulfment and cell motility 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ELMOD1 
                 NM_018712 
                 ELMO domain containing 1 
               
               
                 ELP3 
                 NM_018091 
                 elongation protein 3 homolog 
               
               
                 ELSPBP1 
                 NM_022142 
                 epididymal sperm binding protein 1 
               
               
                 EMD 
                 NM_000117 
                 emerin 
               
               
                 EME1 
                 NM_152463 
                 essential meiotic endonuclease 1 homolog 1 
               
               
                 EML5 
                 NM_183387 
                 echinoderm microtubule associated protein like 
               
               
                 EMP1 
                 NM_001423 
                 epithelial membrane protein 1 
               
               
                 EMR2 
                 NM_013447 
                 egf-like module-containing, mucin-like, hormone 
               
               
                 EMR3 
                 NM_152939 
                 egf-like module-containing mucin-like receptor 3 
               
               
                 EN2 
                 NM_001427 
                 engrailed homolog 2 
               
               
                 ENAM 
                 NM_031889 
                 enamelin 
               
               
                 ENPP1 
                 NM_006208 
                 ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 
               
               
                 ENSA 
                 NM_207043 
                 endosulfine alpha isoform 2 
               
               
                 ENTPD3 
                 NM_001248 
                 ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 
               
               
                 EPB41 
                 NM_004437 
                 erythrocyte membrane protein band 4.1 
               
               
                 EPHA4 
                 NM_004438 
                 ephrin receptor EphA4 
               
               
                 EPHB2 
                 NM_004442 
                 ephrin receptor EphB2 isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 EPN2 
                 NM_014964 
                 epsin 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 EPN3 
                 NM_017957 
                 epsin 3 
               
               
                 EPS15L1 
                 NM_021235 
                 epidermal growth factor receptor pathway 
               
               
                 EPSTI1 
                 NM_033255 
                 epithelial stromal interaction 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ERBB2 
                 NM_001005862 
                 erbB-2 isoform b 
               
               
                 ERGIC1 
                 NM_001031711 
                 endoplasmic reticulum-golgi intermediate 
               
               
                 ERMAP 
                 NM_001017922 
                 erythroblast membrane-associated protein 
               
               
                 ESPN 
                 NM_031475 
                 espin 
               
               
                 ESRRA 
                 NM_004451 
                 estrogen-related receptor alpha 
               
               
                 ESRRG 
                 NM_001438 
                 estrogen-related receptor gamma isoform 1 
               
               
                 ETS1 
                 NM_005238 
                 v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene 
               
               
                 ETV6 
                 NM_001987 
                 ets variant gene 6 
               
               
                 EVA1 
                 NM_144765 
                 epithelial V-like antigen 1 precursor 
               
               
                 EVC 
                 NM_153717 
                 Ellis van Creveld syndrome protein 
               
               
                 EVI5L 
                 NM_145245 
                 hypothetical protein LOC115704 
               
               
                 EXOSC6 
                 NM_058219 
                 homolog of yeast mRNA transport regulator 3 
               
               
                 F11R 
                 NM_016946 
                 F11 receptor isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 F2RL2 
                 NM_004101 
                 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 2 
               
               
                 F8 
                 NM_000132 
                 coagulation factor VIII isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 FABP3 
                 NM_004102 
                 fatty acid binding protein 3 
               
               
                 FAIM2 
                 NM_012306 
                 Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 
               
               
                 FAM100B 
                 NM_182565 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283991 
               
               
                 FAM101A 
                 NM_181709 
                 hypothetical protein LOC144347 
               
               
                 FAM101B 
                 NM_182705 
                 hypothetical protein LOC359845 
               
               
                 FAM102A 
                 NM_203305 
                 early estrogen-induced gene 1 protein isoform b 
               
               
                 FAM104A 
                 NM_032837 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84923 
               
               
                 FAM105B 
                 NM_138348 
                 hypothetical protein LOC90268 
               
               
                 FAM107A 
                 NM_007177 
                 downregulated in renal cell carcinoma 
               
               
                 FAM109A 
                 NM_144671 
                 hypothetical protein LOC144717 
               
               
                 FAM109B 
                 NM_001002034 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150368 
               
               
                 FAM111B 
                 NM_198947 
                 hypothetical protein LOC374393 
               
               
                 FAM112A 
                 NM_001008901 
                 hypothetical protein LOC149699 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FAM11A 
                 NM_032508 
                 family with sequence similarity 11, member A 
               
               
                 FAM26C 
                 NM_001001412 
                 hypothetical protein LOC255022 
               
               
                 FAM36A 
                 NM_198076 
                 family with sequence similarity 36, member A 
               
               
                 FAM38A 
                 NM_014745 
                 family with sequence similarity 38, member A 
               
               
                 FAM3A 
                 NM_021806 
                 family 3, member A protein 
               
               
                 FAM3C 
                 NM_014888 
                 family with sequence similarity 3, member C 
               
               
                 FAM3D 
                 NM_138805 
                 family with sequence similarity 3, member D 
               
               
                 FAM49B 
                 NM_016623 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51571 
               
               
                 FAM51A1 
                 NM_017856 
                 family with sequence similarity 51, member Al 
               
               
                 FAM53A 
                 NM_001013622 
                 dorsal neural-tube nuclear protein 
               
               
                 FAM53B 
                 NM_014661 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9679 
               
               
                 FAM53C 
                 NM_016605 
                 family 53, member C protein 
               
               
                 FAM55C 
                 NM_145037 
                 hypothetical protein LOC91775 
               
               
                 FAM60A 
                 NM_021238 
                 family with sequence similarity 60, member A 
               
               
                 FAM62C 
                 NM_031913 
                 family with sequence similarity 62 (C2 domain 
               
               
                 FAM64A 
                 NM_019013 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54478 
               
               
                 FAM70A 
                 NM_017938 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55026 
               
               
                 FAM71A 
                 NM_153606 
                 hypothetical protein LOC149647 
               
               
                 FAM73B 
                 NM_032809 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84895 
               
               
                 FAM76A 
                 NM_152660 
                 family with sequence similarity 76, member A 
               
               
                 FAM77C 
                 NM_024522 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79570 
               
               
                 FAM78A 
                 NM_033387 
                 hypothetical protein LOC286336 
               
               
                 FAM81A 
                 NM_152450 
                 hypothetical protein LOC145773 
               
               
                 FAM83A 
                 NM_032899 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84985 isoform a 
               
               
                 FAM84A 
                 NM_145175 
                 NSE1 
               
               
                 FAM86A 
                 NM_201400 
                 hypothetical protein LOC196483 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FAM86B1 
                 NM_032916 
                 hypothetical protein LOC85002 
               
               
                 FAM86C 
                 NM_018172 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55199 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FAM89B 
                 NM_152832 
                 Mouse Mammary Turmor Virus Receptor homolog 1 
               
               
                 FAM8A1 
                 NM_016255 
                 Autosomal Highly Conserved Protein 
               
               
                 FAM92B 
                 NM_198491 
                 hypothetical protein LOC339145 
               
               
                 FAM9C 
                 NM_174901 
                 family with sequence similarity 9, member C 
               
               
                 FANCA 
                 NM_000135 
                 Fanconi anemia, complementation group A isoform 
               
               
                 FANCC 
                 NM_000136 
                 Fanconi anemia, complementation group C 
               
               
                 FANCE 
                 NM_021922 
                 Fanconi anemia, complementation group E 
               
               
                 FANCM 
                 NM_020937 
                 Fanconi anemia, complementation group M 
               
               
                 FARP2 
                 NM_014808 
                 FERM, RhoGEF and pleckstrin domain protein 2 
               
               
                 FARSLB 
                 NM_005687 
                 phenylalanine-tRNA synthetase-like, beta 
               
               
                 FAS 
                 NM_000043 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 FASN 
                 NM_004104 
                 fatty acid synthase 
               
               
                 FAT2 
                 NM_001447 
                 FAT tumor suppressor 2 precursor 
               
               
                 FATE1 
                 NM_033085 
                 fetal and adult testis expressed transcript 
               
               
                 FBLN1 
                 NM_006485 
                 fibulin 1 isoform B precursor 
               
               
                 FBXL17 
                 NM_022824 
                 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 17 
               
               
                 FBXL19 
                 NM_019085 
                 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 19 
               
               
                 FBXL8 
                 NM_018378 
                 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 8 
               
               
                 FBXO16 
                 NM_172366 
                 F-box only protein 16 
               
               
                 FBXO17 
                 NM_024907 
                 F-box protein FBG4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FBXO25 
                 NM_012173 
                 F-box only protein 25 isoform 3 
               
               
                 FBXO30 
                 NM_032145 
                 F-box only protein 30 
               
               
                 FBXO34 
                 NM_017943 
                 F-box only protein 34 
               
               
                 FBXO39 
                 NM_153230 
                 F-box protein 39 
               
               
                 FBXO40 
                 NM_016298 
                 F-box protein 40 
               
               
                 FBXO44 
                 NM_001014765 
                 F-box protein 44 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FBXW4 
                 NM_022039 
                 F-box and WD-40 domain protein 4 
               
               
                 FBXW9 
                 NM_032301 
                 F-box and WD-40 domain protein 9 
               
               
                 FCER1G 
                 NM_004106 
                 Fc fragment of IgE, high affinity 1, receptor 
               
               
                 FCGR2B 
                 NM_001002273 
                 Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIb, receptor 
               
               
                 FCHO2 
                 NM_138782 
                 FCH domain only 2 
               
               
                 FCHSD2 
                 NM_014824 
                 FCH and double SH3 domains 2 
               
               
                 FCMD 
                 NM_006731 
                 fukutin 
               
               
                 FCRL5 
                 NM_031281 
                 Fc receptor-like 5 
               
               
                 FDFT1 
                 NM_004462 
                 farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 FEM1A 
                 NM_018708 
                 fem-1 homolog a ( C. elegans ) 
               
               
                 FEM1C 
                 NM_020177 
                 feminization 1 homolog a 
               
               
                 FES 
                 NM_002005 
                 V-FES feline sarcoma viral/V-FPS fujinami avian 
               
               
                 FETUB 
                 NM_014375 
                 fetuin B 
               
               
                 FGD2 
                 NM_173558 
                 FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 2 
               
               
                 FGD3 
                 NM_033086 
                 FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 3 
               
               
                 FGD6 
                 NM_018351 
                 FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain containing 6 
               
               
                 FGF13 
                 NM_004114 
                 fibroblast growth factor 13 isoform 1A 
               
               
                 FGF2 
                 NM_002006 
                 fibroblast growth factor 2 
               
               
                 FGF23 
                 NM_020638 
                 fibroblast growth factor 23 precursor 
               
               
                 FGF7 
                 NM_002009 
                 fibroblast growth factor 7 precursor 
               
               
                 FGFR1 
                 NM_000604 
                 fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FGFR2 
                 NM_000141 
                 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FGFRL1 
                 NM_001004356 
                 fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 FIGN 
                 NM_018086 
                 fidgetin 
               
               
                 FKBP1A 
                 NM_054014 
                 FK506-binding protein 1A 
               
               
                 FKBP1B 
                 NM_004116 
                 FK506-binding protein 1B isoform a 
               
               
                 FKBP8 
                 NM_012181 
                 FK506-binding protein 8 
               
               
                 FKBP9 
                 NM_007270 
                 FK506 binding protein 9 
               
               
                 FKBP9L 
                 NM_182827 
                 FK506 binding protein 9-like 
               
               
                 FKSG24 
                 NM_032683 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84769 
               
               
                 FLJ10081 
                 NM_017991 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55683 
               
               
                 FLJ10159 
                 NM_018013 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55084 
               
               
                 FLJ10241 
                 NM_018035 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55101 
               
               
                 FLJ10324 
                 NM_018059 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55698 
               
               
                 FLJ10404 
                 NM_019057 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54540 
               
               
                 FLJ10769 
                 NM_018210 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55739 
               
               
                 FLJ10803 
                 NM_018224 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55744 
               
               
                 FLJ10815 
                 NM_018231 
                 amino acid transporter 
               
               
                 FLJ10945 
                 NM_018280 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55267 
               
               
                 FLJ11292 
                 NM_018382 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55338 
               
               
                 FLJ11506 
                 NM_024666 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79719 
               
               
                 FLJ12331 
                 NM_024986 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80052 
               
               
                 FLJ12505 
                 NM_024749 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79805 
               
               
                 FLJ12529 
                 NM_024811 
                 pre-mRNA cleavage factor I, 59 kDa subunit 
               
               
                 FLJ12700 
                 NM_024910 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79970 
               
               
                 FLJ12949 
                 NM_023008 
                 hypothetical protein LOC65095 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FLJ13197 
                 NM_024614 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79667 
               
               
                 FLJ14001 
                 NM_024677 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79730 
               
               
                 FLJ14154 
                 NM_024845 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79903 
               
               
                 FLJ14768 
                 NM_032836 
                 hypothetical protein FLJ14768 
               
               
                 FLJ14816 
                 NM_032845 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84931 
               
               
                 FLJ14834 
                 NM_032849 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84935 
               
               
                 FLJ16165 
                 NM_001004318 
                 hypothetical protein LOC390928 
               
               
                 FLJ16171 
                 NM_001004348 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441116 
               
               
                 FLJ16323 
                 NM_001004352 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441390 
               
               
                 FLJ20152 
                 NM_019000 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54463 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FLJ20232 
                 NM_019008 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54471 
               
               
                 FLJ20297 
                 NM_017751 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55627 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FLJ20489 
                 NM_017842 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55652 
               
               
                 FLJ20699 
                 NM_017931 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55020 
               
               
                 FLJ20701 
                 NM_017933 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55022 
               
               
                 FLJ20758 
                 NM_017952 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55037 
               
               
                 FLJ20850 
                 NM_017967 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55049 
               
               
                 FLJ20859 
                 NM_001029992 
                 FLJ20859 protein isoform 3 
               
               
                 FLJ21742 
                 NM_032207 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84167 
               
               
                 FLJ21820 
                 NM_021925 
                 hypothetical protein LOC60526 
               
               
                 FLJ21945 
                 NM_025203 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80304 
               
               
                 FLJ22795 
                 NM_025084 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80154 
               
               
                 FLJ23322 
                 NM_024955 
                 hypothetical protein LOC80020 
               
               
                 FLJ23447 
                 NM_024825 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79883 
               
               
                 FLJ25102 
                 NM_182626 
                 hypothetical protein LOC348738 
               
               
                 FLJ25222 
                 NM_199163 
                 hypothetical protein LOC374666 
               
               
                 FLJ25371 
                 NM_152543 
                 hypothetical protein LOC152940 
               
               
                 FLJ25996 
                 NM_001001699 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401109 
               
               
                 FLJ26850 
                 NM_001001687 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400710 
               
               
                 FLJ30058 
                 NM_144967 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158763 
               
               
                 FLJ30707 
                 NM_145019 
                 hypothetical protein LOC220108 
               
               
                 FLJ30834 
                 NM_152399 
                 hypothetical protein LOC132332 
               
               
                 FLJ31132 
                 NM_001004355 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441522 
               
               
                 FLJ31568 
                 NM_152509 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150244 
               
               
                 FLJ31951 
                 NM_144726 
                 hypothetical protein LOC153830 
               
               
                 FLJ32011 
                 NM_182516 
                 hypothetical protein LOC148930 
               
               
                 FLJ32206 
                 NM_152497 
                 hypothetical protein LOC149421 
               
               
                 FLJ33534 
                 NM_182586 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285150 
               
               
                 FLJ33641 
                 NM_152687 
                 hypothetical protein LOC202309 
               
               
                 FLJ33708 
                 NM_173675 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285780 
               
               
                 FLJ33814 
                 NM_173510 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150275 
               
               
                 FLJ34870 
                 NM_207481 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401013 
               
               
                 FLJ34931 
                 NM_001029883 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388939 
               
               
                 FLJ35424 
                 NM_173661 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285492 
               
               
                 FLJ35429 
                 NM_001003807 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285830 
               
               
                 FLJ35695 
                 NM_207444 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400359 
               
               
                 FLJ35725 
                 NM_152544 
                 hypothetical protein LOC152992 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FLJ36070 
                 NM_182574 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284358 
               
               
                 FLJ36268 
                 NM_207511 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401563 
               
               
                 FLJ37464 
                 NM_173815 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283848 
               
               
                 FLJ37478 
                 NM_178557 
                 hypothetical protein LOC339983 
               
               
                 FLJ37543 
                 NM_173667 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285668 
               
               
                 FLJ38723 
                 NM_173805 
                 hypothetical protein FLJ38723 
               
               
                 FLJ38973 
                 NM_153689 
                 hypothetical protein LOC205327 
               
               
                 FLJ39155 
                 NM_182798 
                 hypothetical protein LOC133584 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FLJ39378 
                 NM_178314 
                 hypothetical protein LOC353116 
               
               
                 FLJ39531 
                 NM_207445 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400360 
               
               
                 FLJ39599 
                 NM_173803 
                 Mpv17-like protein type 2 
               
               
                 FLJ39827 
                 NM_152424 
                 hypothetical protein LOC139285 
               
               
                 FLJ40172 
                 NM_173649 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285051 
               
               
                 FLJ40852 
                 NM_173677 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285962 
               
               
                 FLJ41131 
                 NM_198476 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284325 
               
               
                 FLJ41423 
                 NM_001001679 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399886 
               
               
                 FLJ41603 
                 NM_001001669 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389337 
               
               
                 FLJ41733 
                 NM_207473 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400870 
               
               
                 FLJ41993 
                 NM_001001694 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400935 
               
               
                 FLJ42280 
                 NM_207503 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401388 
               
               
                 FLJ42291 
                 NM_207367 
                 hypothetical protein LOC346547 
               
               
                 FLJ42393 
                 NM_207488 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401105 
               
               
                 FLJ42957 
                 NM_207436 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400077 
               
               
                 FLJ43339 
                 NM_207380 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388115 
               
               
                 FLJ43752 
                 NM_207497 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401253 
               
               
                 FLJ43806 
                 NM_201628 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399563 
               
               
                 FLJ43870 
                 NM_001001686 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400686 
               
               
                 FLJ44006 
                 NM_001001696 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400997 
               
               
                 FLJ44076 
                 NM_207486 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401080 
               
               
                 FLJ44385 
                 NM_207478 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400934 
               
               
                 FLJ44635 
                 NM_207422 
                 hypothetical protein LOC392490 
               
               
                 FLJ44790 
                 NM_001001691 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400850 
               
               
                 FLJ44815 
                 NM_207454 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400591 
               
               
                 FLJ44955 
                 NM_207500 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401278 
               
               
                 FLJ45121 
                 NM_207451 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400556 
               
               
                 FLJ45224 
                 NM_207510 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401562 
               
               
                 FLJ45244 
                 NM_207443 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400242 
               
               
                 FLJ45337 
                 NM_207465 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400754 
               
               
                 FLJ45422 
                 NM_001004349 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441140 
               
               
                 FLJ45455 
                 NM_207386 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388336 
               
               
                 FLJ45537 
                 NM_001001709 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401535 
               
               
                 FLJ45684 
                 NM_207462 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400666 
               
               
                 FLJ45831 
                 NM_001001684 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400576 
               
               
                 FLJ45850 
                 NM_207395 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388569 
               
               
                 FLJ46026 
                 NM_207458 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400627 
               
               
                 FLJ46154 
                 NM_198462 
                 FLJ46154 protein 
               
               
                 FLJ46230 
                 NM_207463 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400679 
               
               
                 FLJ46266 
                 NM_207430 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399949 
               
               
                 FLJ46300 
                 NM_001001677 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399827 
               
               
                 FLJ46836 
                 NM_207509 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401554 
               
               
                 FLJ90680 
                 NM_207475 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400926 
               
               
                 FLOT2 
                 NM_004475 
                 flotillin 2 
               
               
                 FLRT3 
                 NM_013281 
                 fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 
               
               
                 FLYWCH1 
                 NM_032296 
                 FLYWCH-type zinc finger 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 FMNL2 
                 NM_052905 
                 formin-like 2 
               
               
                 FMNL3 
                 NM_175736 
                 formin-like 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FMO2 
                 NM_001460 
                 flavin containing monooxygenase 2 
               
               
                 FMO5 
                 NM_001461 
                 flavin containing monooxygenase 5 
               
               
                 FNBP1L 
                 NM_001024948 
                 formin binding protein 1-like isoform 1 
               
               
                 FNDC3B 
                 NM_022763 
                 fibronectin type III domain containing 3B 
               
               
                 FNDC5 
                 NM_153756 
                 fibronectin type III domain containing 5 
               
               
                 FNDC8 
                 NM_017559 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54752 
               
               
                 FOS 
                 NM_005252 
                 v-fos FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene 
               
               
                 FOSB 
                 NM_006732 
                 FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 FOSL1 
                 NM_005438 
                 FOS-like antigen 1 
               
               
                 FOSL2 
                 NM_005253 
                 FOS-like antigen 2 
               
               
                 FOXE1 
                 NM_004473 
                 forkhead box E1 
               
               
                 FOXG1B 
                 NM_005249 
                 forkhead box G1B 
               
               
                 FOXI1 
                 NM_012188 
                 forkhead box I1 isoform a 
               
               
                 FOXJ1 
                 NM_001454 
                 forkhead box J1 
               
               
                 FOXJ2 
                 NM_018416 
                 forkhead box J2 
               
               
                 FOXK2 
                 NM_004514 
                 forkhead box K2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FOXL2 
                 NM_023067 
                 forkhead box L2 
               
               
                 FOXM1 
                 NM_021953 
                 forkhead box M1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FOXP1 
                 NM_032682 
                 forkhead box P1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 FOXQ1 
                 NM_033260 
                 forkhead box Q1 
               
               
                 FOXR2 
                 NM_198451 
                 forkhead box R2 
               
               
                 FOXRED1 
                 NM_017547 
                 FAD-dependent oxidoreductase domain containing 
               
               
                 FRAG1 
                 NM_014489 
                 FGF receptor activating protein 1 
               
               
                 FREM1 
                 NM_144966 
                 FRAS1 related extracellular matrix 1 
               
               
                 FRK 
                 NM_002031 
                 fyn-related kinase 
               
               
                 FRMD1 
                 NM_024919 
                 FERM domain containing 1 
               
               
                 FRMD4A 
                 NM_018027 
                 FERM domain containing 4A 
               
               
                 FSD1L 
                 NM_207647 
                 fibronectin type III and SPRY domain containing 
               
               
                 FSTL1 
                 NM_007085 
                 follistatin-like 1 precursor 
               
               
                 FSTL3 
                 NM_005860 
                 follistatin-like 3 glycoprotein precursor 
               
               
                 FSTL4 
                 NM_015082 
                 follistatin-like 4 
               
               
                 FSTL5 
                 NM_020116 
                 follistatin-like 5 
               
               
                 FTS 
                 NM_001012398 
                 fused toes homolog 
               
               
                 FUK 
                 NM_145059 
                 fucokinase 
               
               
                 FUNDC1 
                 NM_173794 
                 FUN14 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 FURIN 
                 NM_002569 
                 furin preproprotein 
               
               
                 FUT1 
                 NM_000148 
                 fucosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 FUT10 
                 NM_032664 
                 fucosyltransferase 10 
               
               
                 FUT5 
                 NM_002034 
                 fucosyltransferase 5 
               
               
                 FUT8 
                 NM_004480 
                 fucosyltransferase 8 isoform b 
               
               
                 FXC1 
                 NM_012192 
                 fracture callus 1 homolog 
               
               
                 FXN 
                 NM_000144 
                 frataxin isoform 1 preproprotein 
               
               
                 FXYD2 
                 NM_001680 
                 FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 2 
               
               
                 FYCO1 
                 NM_024513 
                 FYVE and coiled-coil domain containing 1 
               
               
                 FZD1 
                 NM_003505 
                 frizzled 1 
               
               
                 FZD4 
                 NM_012193 
                 frizzled 4 
               
               
                 FZR1 
                 NM_016263 
                 Fzrl protein 
               
               
                 GABARAPL2 
                 NM_007285 
                 GABA(A) receptor-associated protein-like 2 
               
               
                 GABBR2 
                 NM_005458 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 51 
               
               
                 GABRA1 
                 NM_000806 
                 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 GABRE 
                 NM_004961 
                 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, 
               
               
                 GABRG1 
                 NM_173536 
                 gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor, gamma 1 
               
               
                 GADD45G 
                 NM_006705 
                 growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma 
               
               
                 GALM 
                 NM_138801 
                 galactose mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) 
               
               
                 GALNT2 
                 NM_004481 
                 polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 GALNT7 
                 NM_017423 
                 polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 7 
               
               
                 GALNTL1 
                 NM_020692 
                 UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine: polypeptide 
               
               
                 GARNL4 
                 NM_015085 
                 GTPase activating Rap/RanGAP domain-like 4 
               
               
                 GAS1 
                 NM_002048 
                 growth arrest-specific 1 
               
               
                 GAS8 
                 NM_001481 
                 growth arrest-specific 8 
               
               
                 GATA3 
                 NM_001002295 
                 GATA binding protein 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 GATA5 
                 NM_080473 
                 GATA binding protein 5 
               
               
                 GATAD2A 
                 NM_017660 
                 GATA zinc finger domain containing 2A 
               
               
                 GATAD2B 
                 NM_020699 
                 GATA zinc finger domain containing 2B 
               
               
                 GATS 
                 NM_178831 
                 opposite strand transcription unit to STAG3 
               
               
                 GBA3 
                 NM_020973 
                 cytosolic beta-glucosidase 
               
               
                 GBF1 
                 NM_004193 
                 golgi-specific brefeldin A resistance factor 1 
               
               
                 GBL 
                 NM_022372 
                 G protein beta subunit-like 
               
               
                 GBP2 
                 NM_004120 
                 guanylate binding protein 2, 
               
               
                 GBP4 
                 NM_052941 
                 guanylate binding protein 4 
               
               
                 GCAT 
                 NM_014291 
                 glycine C-acetyltransferase precursor 
               
               
                 GCH1 
                 NM_000161 
                 GTP cyclohydrolase 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 GCLM 
                 NM_002061 
                 glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory protein 
               
               
                 GCM1 
                 NM_003643 
                 glial cells missing homolog a 
               
               
                 GCNT1 
                 NM_001490 
                 beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 GCNT2 
                 NM_001491 
                 glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 2, 
               
               
                 Gcom1 
                 NM_001018097 
                 GRINL1A combined protein isoform 8 
               
               
                 GDA 
                 NM_004293 
                 guanine deaminase 
               
               
                 GDAP1L1 
                 NM_024034 
                 ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated 
               
               
                 GDF2 
                 NM_016204 
                 growth differentiation factor 2 
               
               
                 GDF5 
                 NM_000557 
                 growth differentiation factor 5 preproprotein 
               
               
                 GDF8 
                 NM_005259 
                 growth differentiation factor 8 
               
               
                 Gene_symbol 
                 has-miR-34a target 
                 Gene_name 
               
               
                 GENX-3414 
                 NM_003943 
                 genethonin 1 
               
               
                 GFAP 
                 NM_002055 
                 glial fibrillary acidic protein 
               
               
                 GFER 
                 NM_005262 
                 erv1-like growth factor 
               
               
                 GFRA3 
                 NM_001496 
                 GDNF family receptor alpha 3 preproprotein 
               
               
                 GIMAP6 
                 NM_001007224 
                 GTPase, IMAP family member 6 isoform 3 
               
               
                 GINS3 
                 NM_022770 
                 hypothetical protein LOC64785 
               
               
                 GIPC1 
                 NM_005716 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 19 interacting 
               
               
                 GIPC2 
                 NM_017655 
                 PDZ domain protein GIPC2 
               
               
                 GJA5 
                 NM_005266 
                 gap junction protein, alpha 5 
               
               
                 GJC1 
                 NM_152219 
                 gap junction protein, chi 1, 31.9 kDa (connexin 
               
               
                 GLCE 
                 NM_015554 
                 D-glucuronyl C5-epimerase 
               
               
                 GL14 
                 NM_138465 
                 GLI-Kruppel family member GLI4 
               
               
                 GLIS2 
                 NM_032575 
                 GLIS family zinc finger 2 
               
               
                 GLP1R 
                 NM_002062 
                 glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor 
               
               
                 GLRA3 
                 NM_006529 
                 glycine receptor, alpha 3 
               
               
                 GLRX 
                 NM_002064 
                 glutaredoxin (thioltransferase) 
               
               
                 GLRX5 
                 NM_016417 
                 glutaredoxin 5 
               
               
                 GLS 
                 NM_014905 
                 glutaminase C 
               
               
                 GLT25D1 
                 NM_024656 
                 glycosyltransferase 25 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 GLT25D2 
                 NM_015101 
                 glycosyltransferase 25 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 GLT8D1 
                 NM_001010983 
                 glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 GLTP 
                 NM_016433 
                 glycolipid transfer protein 
               
               
                 GM2A 
                 NM_000405 
                 GM2 ganglioside activator precursor 
               
               
                 GM632 
                 NM_020713 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57473 
               
               
                 GMFB 
                 NM_004124 
                 glia maturation factor, beta 
               
               
                 GMIP 
                 NM_016573 
                 GEM interacting protein 
               
               
                 GMNN 
                 NM_015895 
                 geminin 
               
               
                 GNA12 
                 NM_007353 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) 
               
               
                 GNAI2 
                 NM_002070 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), 
               
               
                 GNAL 
                 NM_002071 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), 
               
               
                 GNAS 
                 NM_016592 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 
               
               
                 GNAZ 
                 NM_002073 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha z 
               
               
                 GNB3 
                 NM_002075 
                 guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta-3 
               
               
                 GNG10 
                 NM_001017998 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), 
               
               
                 GNG12 
                 NM_018841 
                 G-protein gamma-12 subunit 
               
               
                 GNG2 
                 NM_053064 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), 
               
               
                 GNG7 
                 NM_052847 
                 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), 
               
               
                 GNPDA1 
                 NM_005471 
                 glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1 
               
               
                 GNPNAT1 
                 NM_198066 
                 glucosamine-phosphate N-acetyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 GNPTAB 
                 NM_024312 
                 N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase 
               
               
                 GNRHR 
                 NM_000406 
                 gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor isoform 
               
               
                 GNS 
                 NM_002076 
                 glucosamine (N-acetyl)-6-sulfatase precursor 
               
               
                 GOLGA4 
                 NM_002078 
                 golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily a, 4 
               
               
                 GOLGB1 
                 NM_004487 
                 golgi autoantigen, golgin subfamily b, 
               
               
                 GOLPH3 
                 NM_022130 
                 golgi phosphoprotein 3 
               
               
                 GOLPH3L 
                 NM_018178 
                 GPP34-related protein 
               
               
                 GOLT1B 
                 NM_016072 
                 golgi transport 1 homolog B 
               
               
                 GORASP2 
                 NM_015530 
                 golgi reassembly stacking protein 2 
               
               
                 GOSR1 
                 NM_001007024 
                 golgi SNAP receptor complex member 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 GOSR2 
                 NM_001012511 
                 golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2 isoform C 
               
               
                 GP5 
                 NM_004488 
                 glycoprotein V (platelet) 
               
               
                 GPATC3 
                 NM_022078 
                 G patch domain containing 3 
               
               
                 GPC4 
                 NM_001448 
                 glypican 4 
               
               
                 GPHB5 
                 NM_145171 
                 glycoprotein beta 5 
               
               
                 GPR124 
                 NM_032777 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 124 
               
               
                 GPR135 
                 NM_022571 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 135 
               
               
                 GPR143 
                 NM_000273 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 143 
               
               
                 GPR17 
                 NM_005291 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 17 
               
               
                 GPR26 
                 NM_153442 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 26 
               
               
                 GPR3 
                 NM_005281 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 3 
               
               
                 GPR37L1 
                 NM_004767 
                 G-protein coupled receptor 37 like 1 
               
               
                 GPR4 
                 NM_005282 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 4 
               
               
                 GPR44 
                 NM_004778 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 44 
               
               
                 GPR55 
                 NM_005683 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 55 
               
               
                 GPR56 
                 NM_005682 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 56 isoform a 
               
               
                 GPR6 
                 NM_005284 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 6 
               
               
                 GPR64 
                 NM_005756 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 64 
               
               
                 GPR83 
                 NM_016540 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 83 
               
               
                 GPR84 
                 NM_020370 
                 inflammation-related G protein-coupled receptor 
               
               
                 GPR85 
                 NM_018970 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 85 
               
               
                 GPR97 
                 NM_170776 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 97 
               
               
                 GPRC5B 
                 NM_016235 
                 G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 5, 
               
               
                 GPS2 
                 NM_004489 
                 G protein pathway suppressor 2 
               
               
                 GPX3 
                 NM_002084 
                 plasma glutathione peroxidase 3 precursor 
               
               
                 GRAMD2 
                 NM_001012642 
                 hypothetical protein LOC196996 
               
               
                 GRAP 
                 NM_006613 
                 GRB2-related adaptor protein 
               
               
                 GRB10 
                 NM_001001549 
                 growth factor receptor-bound protein 10 isoform 
               
               
                 GREM2 
                 NM_022469 
                 gremlin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 GRHL1 
                 NM_014552 
                 leader-binding protein 32 isoform 1 
               
               
                 GRHL2 
                 NM_024915 
                 transcription factor CP2-like 3 
               
               
                 GRHL3 
                 NM_021180 
                 sister-of-mammalian grainyhead protein isoform 
               
               
                 GRID1 
                 NM_017551 
                 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, delta 1 
               
               
                 GRIN1 
                 NM_000832 
                 NMDA receptor 1 isoform NR1-1 precursor 
               
               
                 GRIN3A 
                 NM_133445 
                 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, 
               
               
                 GRK6 
                 NM_001004106 
                 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 isoform A 
               
               
                 GRM1 
                 NM_000838 
                 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1 
               
               
                 GRM2 
                 NM_000839 
                 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 2 precursor 
               
               
                 GRM7 
                 NM_000844 
                 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 7 isoform a 
               
               
                 GRSF1 
                 NM_002092 
                 G-rich RNA sequence bmdin factor 1 
               
               
                 GSDML 
                 NM_018530 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55876 
               
               
                 GSG1 
                 NM_031289 
                 germ cell associated 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 GSPT2 
                 NM_018094 
                 peptide chain release factor 3 
               
               
                 GSTM3 
                 NM_000849 
                 glutathione S-transferase M3 
               
               
                 GSTM5 
                 NM_000851 
                 glutathione S-transferase M5 
               
               
                 GTF2F1 
                 NM_002096 
                 general transcription factor hF, polypeptide 1, 
               
               
                 GTF3C4 
                 NM_012204 
                 general transcription factor IIIC, polypeptide 
               
               
                 GTSE1 
                 NM_016426 
                 G-2 and S-phase expressed 1 
               
               
                 GUCA2A 
                 NM_033553 
                 guanylate cyclase activator 2A 
               
               
                 GYG1 
                 NM_004130 
                 glycogenin 
               
               
                 GYG2 
                 NM_003918 
                 glycogenin 2 
               
               
                 GYPE 
                 NM_198682 
                 glycophorin E precursor 
               
               
                 H2AFV 
                 NM_138635 
                 H2A histone family, member V isoform 2 
               
               
                 H2AFX 
                 NM_002105 
                 H2A histone family, member X 
               
               
                 H6PD 
                 NM_004285 
                 hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase precursor 
               
               
                 HAAO 
                 NM_012205 
                 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase 
               
               
                 HABP2 
                 NM_004132 
                 hyaluronan binding protein 2 
               
               
                 HACE1 
                 NM_020771 
                 HECT domain and ankyrin repeat containing, E3 
               
               
                 HADH2 
                 NM_004493 
                 hydroxyacyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, type II 
               
               
                 HAP1 
                 NM_003949 
                 huntingtin-associated protein 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 HAPLN3 
                 NM_178232 
                 hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 3 
               
               
                 HAPLN4 
                 NM_023002 
                 brain link protein 2 
               
               
                 HARS2 
                 NM_080820 
                 histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2 
               
               
                 HAS3 
                 NM_005329 
                 hyaluronan synthase 3 isoform a 
               
               
                 HAVCR2 
                 NM_032782 
                 T cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 
               
               
                 HBG1 
                 NM_000559 
                 A-gamma globin 
               
               
                 HBG2 
                 NM_000184 
                 G-gamma globin 
               
               
                 HBS1L 
                 NM_006620 
                 HBS1-like 
               
               
                 HCFC1 
                 NM_005334 
                 host cell factor Cl (VP16-accessory protein) 
               
               
                 HCG9 
                 NM_005844 
                 hypothetical protein LOC10255 
               
               
                 HCN3 
                 NM_020897 
                 hyperpolarization activated cyclic 
               
               
                 HD 
                 NM_002111 
                 huntingtin 
               
               
                 HDAC1 
                 NM_004964 
                 histone deacetylase 1 
               
               
                 HDAC4 
                 NM_006037 
                 histone deacetylase 4 
               
               
                 HDAC7A 
                 NM_015401 
                 histone deacetylase 7A isoform a 
               
               
                 HDGFL1 
                 NM_138574 
                 hepatoma derived growth factor-like 1 
               
               
                 HDLBP 
                 NM_005336 
                 high density lipoprotein binding protein 
               
               
                 HEBP1 
                 NM_015987 
                 heme binding protein 1 
               
               
                 HECA 
                 NM_016217 
                 headcase 
               
               
                 HECW1 
                 NM_015052 
                 NEDD4-like ubiguitin-protein ligase 1 
               
               
                 HECW2 
                 NM_020760 
                 HECT, C2 and WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin 
               
               
                 HEMK1 
                 NM_016173 
                 HemK methyltransferase family member 1 
               
               
                 HERC6 
                 NM_001013000 
                 hect domain and RLD 6 isoform c 
               
               
                 HES2 
                 NM_019089 
                 hairy and enhancer of split homolog 2 
               
               
                 HES3 
                 NM_001024598 
                 hairy and enhancer of split 3 
               
               
                 HES6 
                 NM_018645 
                 hairy and enhancer of split 6 
               
               
                 HEY1 
                 NM_012258 
                 hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif 
               
               
                 HEYL 
                 NM_014571 
                 hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW 
               
               
                 HGF 
                 NM_001010934 
                 hepatocyte growth factor isoform 5 precursor 
               
               
                 HGS 
                 NM_004712 
                 hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine 
               
               
                 HIATL1 
                 NM_032558 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84641 
               
               
                 HIC2 
                 NM_015094 
                 hypermethylated in cancer 2 
               
               
                 HIF1AN 
                 NM_017902 
                 hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit 
               
               
                 HIF3A 
                 NM_152794 
                 hypoxia-inducible factor-3 alpha isoform a 
               
               
                 HIP1 
                 NM_005338 
                 huntingtin interacting protein 1 
               
               
                 HIP1R 
                 NM_003959 
                 huntingtin interacting protein-1-related 
               
               
                 HIP2 
                 NM_005339 
                 huntingtin interacting protein 2 
               
               
                 HIPK1 
                 NM_181358 
                 homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 1 isoform 
               
               
                 HK1 
                 NM_000188 
                 hexokinase 1 isoform HKI 
               
               
                 HKR2 
                 NM_181846 
                 GLI-Kruppel family member HKR2 
               
               
                 HLA-DQA1 
                 NM_002122 
                 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ 
               
               
                 HLA-DQA2 
                 NM_020056 
                 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ 
               
               
                 HLX1 
                 NM_021958 
                 H2.0-like homeo box 1 
               
               
                 HM13 
                 NM_178580 
                 minor histocompatibility antigen 13 isoform 2 
               
               
                 HMBOX1 
                 NM_024567 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79618 
               
               
                 HMBS 
                 NM_000190 
                 hydroxymethylbilane synthase isoform 1 
               
               
                 HMG20A 
                 NM_018200 
                 high-mobility group 20A 
               
               
                 HMGA1 
                 NM_002131 
                 high mobility group AT-hook 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 HMGB1 
                 NM_002128 
                 high-mobility group box 1 
               
               
                 HMGCS1 
                 NM_002130 
                 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase 1 
               
               
                 HMGN4 
                 NM_006353 
                 high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 
               
               
                 HMMR 
                 NM_012484 
                 hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor isoform a 
               
               
                 HMP19 
                 NM_015980 
                 HMP19 protein 
               
               
                 HMX1 
                 NM_018942 
                 homeo box (H6 family) 1 
               
               
                 HN1 
                 NM_001002032 
                 hematological and neurological expressed 1 
               
               
                 HNF4A 
                 NM_000457 
                 hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha isoform b 
               
               
                 HNF4G 
                 NM_004133 
                 hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, gamma 
               
               
                 HNRPUL1 
                 NM_007040 
                 E1B-55 kDa-associated protein 5 isoform a 
               
               
                 HOMER2 
                 NM_004839 
                 homer 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 HOXA13 
                 NM_000522 
                 homeobox A13 
               
               
                 HOXA3 
                 NM_030661 
                 homeobox A3 isoform a 
               
               
                 HOXB4 
                 NM_024015 
                 homeobox B4 
               
               
                 HOXB8 
                 NM_024016 
                 homeobox B8 
               
               
                 HOXC13 
                 NM_017410 
                 homeobox C13 
               
               
                 HOXC8 
                 NM_022658 
                 homeobox C8 
               
               
                 HOXD9 
                 NM_014213 
                 homeobox D9 
               
               
                 HPCAL1 
                 NM_002149 
                 hippocalcin-like 1 
               
               
                 HPCAL4 
                 NM_016257 
                 hippocalcin-like protein 4 
               
               
                 HPS1 
                 NM_182637 
                 Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 1 protein isoform b 
               
               
                 HPSE 
                 NM_006665 
                 heparanase 
               
               
                 HR 
                 NM_005144 
                 hairless protein isoform a 
               
               
                 HRH3 
                 NM_007232 
                 histamine receptor H3 
               
               
                 HRH4 
                 NM_021624 
                 histamine H4 receptor 
               
               
                 HS1BP3 
                 NM_022460 
                 HS1-binding protein 3 
               
               
                 HS2ST1 
                 NM_012262 
                 heparan sulfate 2-O-sulfotransferase 1 
               
               
                 HS6ST1 
                 NM_004807 
                 heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 
               
               
                 HSBP1 
                 NM_001537 
                 heat shock factor binding protein 1 
               
               
                 HSD11B2 
                 NM_000196 
                 hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 2 
               
               
                 HSPA12B 
                 NM_052970 
                 heat shock 70 kD protein 12B 
               
               
                 HSPA1A 
                 NM_005345 
                 heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A 
               
               
                 HSPA1B 
                 NM_005346 
                 heat shock 70 kDa protein 1B 
               
               
                 HSPA5 
                 NM_005347 
                 heat shock 70 kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated 
               
               
                 HSPB6 
                 NM_144617 
                 heat shock protein, alpha-crystallin-related, 
               
               
                 HSPBP1 
                 NM_012267 
                 hsp70-interacting protein 
               
               
                 HSPC117 
                 NM_014306 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51493 
               
               
                 HSPG2 
                 NM_005529 
                 heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 
               
               
                 HTATIP 
                 NM_006388 
                 HIV-1 Tat interactive protein, 60 kDa isoform 2 
               
               
                 HTLF 
                 NM_002158 
                 T-cell leukemia virus enhancer factor 
               
               
                 HTR2A 
                 NM_000621 
                 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A 
               
               
                 HTR2C 
                 NM_000868 
                 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2C 
               
               
                 HTR4 
                 NM_199453 
                 serotonin 5-HT4 receptor isoform g 
               
               
                 HTRA1 
                 NM_002775 
                 HtrA serine peptidase 1 
               
               
                 HUS1 
                 NM_004507 
                 HUS1 checkpoint protein 
               
               
                 HYAL3 
                 NM_003549 
                 hyaluronoglucosaminidase 3 
               
               
                 IBRDC2 
                 NM_182757 
                 IBR domain containing 2 
               
               
                 ICA1 
                 NM_004968 
                 islet cell autoantigen 1 
               
               
                 ICMT 
                 NM_012405 
                 isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase 
               
               
                 ICOS 
                 NM_012092 
                 inducible T-cell co-stimulator precursor 
               
               
                 ICOSLG 
                 NM_015259 
                 inducible T-cell co-stimulator ligand 
               
               
                 IDH1 
                 NM_005896 
                 isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), soluble 
               
               
                 IDH3A 
                 NM_005530 
                 isocitrate dehydrogenase 3 (NAD+) alpha 
               
               
                 IER5 
                 NM_016545 
                 immediate early response 5 
               
               
                 IFI35 
                 NM_005533 
                 interferon-induced protein 35 
               
               
                 IFIT1L 
                 NM_001010987 
                 interferon-induced protein with 
               
               
                 IFNAR1 
                 NM_000629 
                 interferon-alpha receptor 1 precursor 
               
               
                 IFNG 
                 NM_000619 
                 interferon, gamma 
               
               
                 IGF1 
                 NM_000618 
                 insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C) 
               
               
                 IGF1R 
                 NM_000875 
                 insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor precursor 
               
               
                 IGF2AS 
                 NM_016412 
                 insulin-like growth factor 2 antisense 
               
               
                 IGF2BP1 
                 NM_006546 
                 insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding 
               
               
                 IGF2BP2 
                 NM_001007225 
                 insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding 
               
               
                 IGF2BP3 
                 NM_006547 
                 insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding 
               
               
                 IGFBP1 
                 NM_000596 
                 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 
               
               
                 IGFBP3 
                 NM_000598 
                 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 
               
               
                 IGFBP5 
                 NM_000599 
                 insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 
               
               
                 IGFL1 
                 NM_198541 
                 insulin growth factor-like family member 1 
               
               
                 IGSF1 
                 NM_205833 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 IGSF3 
                 NM_001007237 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 IGSF4B 
                 NM_021189 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 4B 
               
               
                 IGSF4C 
                 NM_145296 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 4C 
               
               
                 IGSF4D 
                 NM_153184 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 4D 
               
               
                 IGSF9 
                 NM_020789 
                 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 9 
               
               
                 IIP45 
                 NM_001025374 
                 invasion inhibitory protein 45 isoform 2 
               
               
                 IKBKAP 
                 NM_003640 
                 inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene 
               
               
                 IKBKB 
                 NM_001556 
                 inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene 
               
               
                 IKBKE 
                 NM_014002 
                 IKK-related kinase epsilon 
               
               
                 IKBKG 
                 NM_003639 
                 inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene 
               
               
                 IL10RB 
                 NM_000628 
                 interleukin 10 receptor, beta precursor 
               
               
                 IL11RA 
                 NM_147162 
                 interleukin 11 receptor, alpha isoform 2 
               
               
                 IL15RA 
                 NM_002189 
                 interleukin 15 receptor, alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 IL16 
                 NM_172217 
                 interleukin 16 isoform 2 
               
               
                 IL17RC 
                 NM_032732 
                 interleukin 17 receptor C isoform 3 precursor 
               
               
                 IL17RD 
                 NM_017563 
                 interleukin 17 receptor D 
               
               
                 IL18BP 
                 NM_173042 
                 interleukin 18 binding protein precursor 
               
               
                 IL1B 
                 NM_000576 
                 interleukin 1, beta proprotein 
               
               
                 IL1R1 
                 NM_000877 
                 interleukin 1 receptor, type 1 precursor 
               
               
                 IL1RL1 
                 NM_003856 
                 interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 IL1RN 
                 NM_000577 
                 interleukin 1 receptor antagonist isoform 3 
               
               
                 IL22RA1 
                 NM_021258 
                 interleukin 22 receptor, alpha 1 
               
               
                 IL22RA2 
                 NM_052962 
                 interleukin 22-binding protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 IL28RA 
                 NM_170743 
                 interleukin 28 receptor, alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 IL2RB 
                 NM_000878 
                 interleukin 2 receptor beta precursor 
               
               
                 IL4R 
                 NM_000418 
                 interleukin 4 receptor alpha chain isoform a 
               
               
                 IL6R 
                 NM_000565 
                 interleukin 6 receptor isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 IL8RA 
                 NM_000634 
                 interleukin 8 receptor alpha 
               
               
                 IL9R 
                 NM_176786 
                 interleukin 9 receptor isoform 2 
               
               
                 ILDR1 
                 NM_175924 
                 immunoglobulin-like domain containing receptor 
               
               
                 ILF3 
                 NM_012218 
                 interleukin enhancer binding factor 3 isoform a 
               
               
                 ILKAP 
                 NM_176799 
                 integrin-linked kinase-associated protein 
               
               
                 IMMP2L 
                 NM_032549 
                 IMP2 inner mitochondrial membrane protease-like 
               
               
                 IMPDH1 
                 NM_000883 
                 inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 INA 
                 NM_032727 
                 internexin neuronal intermediate filament 
               
               
                 INCENP 
                 NM_020238 
                 inner centromere protein antigens 135/155 kDa 
               
               
                 ING1 
                 NM_005537 
                 inhibitor of growth family, member 1 isoform D 
               
               
                 ING3 
                 NM_198267 
                 inhibitor of growth family, member 3 isoform 3 
               
               
                 ING5 
                 NM_032329 
                 inhibitor of growth family, member 5 
               
               
                 INHBB 
                 NM_002193 
                 inhibin beta B subunit precursor 
               
               
                 INMT 
                 NM_006774 
                 indolethylamine N-methyltransferase 
               
               
                 INOC1 
                 NM_017553 
                 INO80 complex homolog 1 
               
               
                 INPP5B 
                 NM_005540 
                 inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase, 75 kDa 
               
               
                 INPP5D 
                 NM_001017915 
                 SH2 containing inositol phosphatase isoform a 
               
               
                 INSIG1 
                 NM_005542 
                 insulin induced gene 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 INSL5 
                 NM_005478 
                 insulin-like 5 precursor 
               
               
                 INSM1 
                 NM_002196 
                 insulinoma-associated 1 
               
               
                 INSM2 
                 NM_032594 
                 insulinoma-associated protein IA-6 
               
               
                 INTS2 
                 NM_020748 
                 integrator complex subunit 2 
               
               
                 INTS3 
                 NM_023015 
                 hypothetical protein LOC65123 
               
               
                 IPLA2(GAMMA) 
                 NM_015723 
                 intracellular membrane-associated 
               
               
                 IPO11 
                 NM_016338 
                 Ran binding protein 11 
               
               
                 IPPK 
                 NM_022755 
                 inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate 2-kinase 
               
               
                 IQCE 
                 NM_152558 
                 IQ motif containing E 
               
               
                 IQGAP1 
                 NM_003870 
                 IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1 
               
               
                 IQGAP3 
                 NM_178229 
                 IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 3 
               
               
                 IQSEC1 
                 NM_014869 
                 IQ motif and Sec7 domain 1 
               
               
                 IQSEC2 
                 NM_015075 
                 IQ motif and Sec7 domain 2 
               
               
                 IRAK2 
                 NM_001570 
                 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 2 
               
               
                 IRAK4 
                 NM_016123 
                 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 
               
               
                 IRF1 
                 NM_002198 
                 interferon regulatory factor 1 
               
               
                 IRF2BP1 
                 NM_015649 
                 interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein 
               
               
                 IRF4 
                 NM_002460 
                 interferon regulatory factor 4 
               
               
                 IRF6 
                 NM_006147 
                 interferon regulatory factor 6 
               
               
                 ISG20L1 
                 NM_022767 
                 interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 
               
               
                 ISG20L2 
                 NM_030980 
                 interferon stimulated exonuclease gene 
               
               
                 ITCH 
                 NM_031483 
                 itchy homolog E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 
               
               
                 ITFG3 
                 NM_032039 
                 integrin alpha FG-GAP repeat containing 3 
               
               
                 ITGA10 
                 NM_003637 
                 integrin, alpha 10 precursor 
               
               
                 ITGA11 
                 NM_001004439 
                 integrin, alpha 11 precursor 
               
               
                 ITGAL 
                 NM_002209 
                 integrin alpha L precursor 
               
               
                 ITGAM 
                 NM_000632 
                 integrin alpha M precursor 
               
               
                 ITGB8 
                 NM_002214 
                 integrin, beta 8 precursor 
               
               
                 ITIH5 
                 NM_030569 
                 inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 
               
               
                 ITPK1 
                 NM_014216 
                 inositol 1,3,4-triphosphate 5/6 kinase 
               
               
                 ITPKB 
                 NM_002221 
                 1D-myo-inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B 
               
               
                 ITPR2 
                 NM_002223 
                 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 2 
               
               
                 ITPR3 
                 NM_002224 
                 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 3 
               
               
                 ITSN1 
                 NM_001001132 
                 intersectin 1 isoform ITSN-s 
               
               
                 IXL 
                 NM_017592 
                 intersex-like 
               
               
                 JAG1 
                 NM_000214 
                 jagged 1 precursor 
               
               
                 JAK2 
                 NM_004972 
                 Janus kinase 2 
               
               
                 JAKMIP1 
                 NM_144720 
                 multiple coiled-coil GABABR1-binding protein 
               
               
                 JAM3 
                 NM_032801 
                 junctional adhesion molecule 3 precursor 
               
               
                 JARID2 
                 NM_004973 
                 jumonji, AT rich interactive domain 2 protein 
               
               
                 JAZF1 
                 NM_175061 
                 juxtaposed with another zinc finger gene 1 
               
               
                 JMJD1C 
                 NM_004241 
                 jumonji domain containing 1C 
               
               
                 JMJD2C 
                 NM_015061 
                 jumonji domain containing 2C 
               
               
                 JMJD2D 
                 NM_018039 
                 jumonji domain containing 2D 
               
               
                 JMJD4 
                 NM_023007 
                 jumonji domain containing 4 
               
               
                 JMJD5 
                 NM_024773 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79831 
               
               
                 JOSD2 
                 NM_138334 
                 Josephin domain containing 2 
               
               
                 JPH1 
                 NM_020647 
                 junctophilin 1 
               
               
                 JPH3 
                 NM_020655 
                 junctophilin 3 
               
               
                 JPH4 
                 NM_032452 
                 junctophilin 4 
               
               
                 JRK 
                 NM_003724 
                 jerky homolog 
               
               
                 JUP 
                 NM_002230 
                 junction plakoglobin 
               
               
                 K6HF 
                 NM_004693 
                 cytokeratin type II 
               
               
                 K6IRS4 
                 NM_175053 
                 keratin 6 irs4 
               
               
                 KA36 
                 NM_182497 
                 type I hair keratin KA36 
               
               
                 KAZALD1 
                 NM_030929 
                 Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor domain 1 
               
               
                 KBTBD11 
                 NM_014867 
                 kelch repeat and BTB (POZ) domain containing 11 
               
               
                 KBTBD6 
                 NM_152903 
                 kelch repeat and BTB (POZ) domain-containing 6 
               
               
                 KCNA6 
                 NM_002235 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related 
               
               
                 KCNAB2 
                 NM_003636 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, shaker-related 
               
               
                 KCNC3 
                 NM_004977 
                 Shaw-related voltage-gated potassium channel 
               
               
                 KCNC4 
                 NM_004978 
                 Shaw-related voltage-gated potassium channel 
               
               
                 KCNE1 
                 NM_000219 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related 
               
               
                 KCNE1L 
                 NM_012282 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related 
               
               
                 KCNE3 
                 NM_005472 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, Isk-related 
               
               
                 KCNG1 
                 NM_172318 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily G, 
               
               
                 KCNH2 
                 NM_000238 
                 voltage-gated potassium channel, subfamily H, 
               
               
                 KCNH5 
                 NM_172375 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily H, 
               
               
                 KCNH7 
                 NM_033272 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, subfamily H, 
               
               
                 KCNIP1 
                 NM_014592 
                 Kv channel interacting protein 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 KCNJ10 
                 NM_002241 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily 
               
               
                 KCNJ11 
                 NM_000525 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel J11 
               
               
                 KCNJ14 
                 NM_013348 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel J14 
               
               
                 KCNJ2 
                 NM_000891 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel J2 
               
               
                 KCNJ4 
                 NM_004981 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel J4 
               
               
                 KCNJ8 
                 NM_004982 
                 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel J8 
               
               
                 KCNK2 
                 NM_001017424 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 2 isoform 
               
               
                 KCNK3 
                 NM_002246 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 3 
               
               
                 KCNK5 
                 NM_003740 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 5 
               
               
                 KCNK6 
                 NM_004823 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 6 
               
               
                 KCNK9 
                 NM_016601 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 9 
               
               
                 KCNMA1 
                 NM_001014797 
                 large conductance calcium-activated potassium 
               
               
                 KCNN1 
                 NM_002248 
                 potassium intermediate/small conductance 
               
               
                 KCNQ1 
                 NM_000218 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, KQT-like 
               
               
                 KCNQ2 
                 NM_004518 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel KQT-like protein 
               
               
                 KCNQ4 
                 NM_004700 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel KQT-like protein 
               
               
                 KCNS2 
                 NM_020697 
                 potassium voltage-gated channel, 
               
               
                 KCTD10 
                 NM_031954 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KCTD16 
                 NM_020768 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KCTD17 
                 NM_024681 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KCTD2 
                 NM_015353 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KCTD5 
                 NM_018992 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KCTD7 
                 NM_153033 
                 potassium channel tetramerisation domain 
               
               
                 KDELR3 
                 NM_006855 
                 KDEL receptor 3 isoform a 
               
               
                 KHK 
                 NM_000221 
                 ketohexokinase isoform a 
               
               
                 KIAA0040 
                 NM_014656 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9674 
               
               
                 KIAA0082 
                 NM_015050 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23070 
               
               
                 KIAA0090 
                 NM_015047 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23065 
               
               
                 KIAA0125 
                 NM_014792 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9834 
               
               
                 KIAA0152 
                 NM_014730 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9761 
               
               
                 KIAA0157 
                 NM_032182 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23172 
               
               
                 KIAA0179 
                 NM_015056 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23076 
               
               
                 KIAA0182 
                 NM_014615 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23199 
               
               
                 KIAA0251 
                 NM_015027 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23042 
               
               
                 KIAA0265 
                 NM_014997 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23008 
               
               
                 KIAA0286 
                 NM_015257 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23306 
               
               
                 KIAA0319 
                 NM_014809 
                 KIAA0319 
               
               
                 KIAA0319L 
                 NM_024874 
                 polycystic kidney disease 1-like isoform a 
               
               
                 KIAA0329 
                 NM_014844 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9895 
               
               
                 KIAA0355 
                 NM_014686 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9710 
               
               
                 KIAA0376 
                 NM_015330 
                 cytospin A 
               
               
                 KIAA0404 
                 NM_015104 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23130 
               
               
                 KIAA0406 
                 NM_014657 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9675 
               
               
                 KIAA0427 
                 NM_014772 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9811 
               
               
                 KIAA0446 
                 NM_014655 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9673 
               
               
                 KIAA0495 
                 NM_207306 
                 KIAA0495 
               
               
                 KIAA0513 
                 NM_014732 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9764 
               
               
                 KIAA0523 
                 NM_015253 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23302 
               
               
                 KIAA0556 
                 NM_015202 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23247 
               
               
                 KIAA0652 
                 NM_014741 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9776 
               
               
                 KIAA0672 
                 NM_014859 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9912 
               
               
                 KIAA0683 
                 NM_016111 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9894 
               
               
                 KIAA0753 
                 NM_014804 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9851 
               
               
                 KIAA0773 
                 NM_001031690 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9715 
               
               
                 KIAA0789 
                 NM_014653 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9671 
               
               
                 KIAA0802 
                 NM_015210 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23255 
               
               
                 KIAA0828 
                 NM_015328 
                 KIAA0828 protein 
               
               
                 KIAA0892 
                 NM_015329 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23383 
               
               
                 KIAA0971 
                 NM_014929 
                 hypothetical protein LOC22868 
               
               
                 KIAA1005 
                 NM_015272 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23322 
               
               
                 KIAA1008 
                 NM_014953 
                 KIAA1008 
               
               
                 KIAA1009 
                 NM_014895 
                 hypothetical protein LOC22832 
               
               
                 KIAA1018 
                 NM_014967 
                 hypothetical protein LOC22909 
               
               
                 KIAA1024 
                 NM_015206 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23251 
               
               
                 KIAA1160 
                 NM_020701 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57461 
               
               
                 KIAA1166 
                 NM_018684 
                 hepatocellular carcinoma-associated antigen 127 
               
               
                 KIAA1212 
                 NM_018084 
                 Hook-related protein 1 
               
               
                 KIAA1217 
                 NM_019590 
                 hypothetical protein LOC56243 
               
               
                 KIAA1267 
                 NM_015443 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284058 
               
               
                 KIAA1274 
                 NM_014431 
                 KIAA1274 
               
               
                 KIAA1303 
                 NM_020761 
                 raptor 
               
               
                 KIAA1324 
                 NM_020775 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57535 
               
               
                 KIAA1333 
                 NM_017769 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55632 
               
               
                 KIAA1522 
                 NM_020888 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57648 
               
               
                 KIAA1609 
                 NM_020947 
                 hypothetical protein LOC57707 
               
               
                 KIAA1729 
                 NM_053042 
                 hypothetical protein LOC85460 
               
               
                 KIAA1787 
                 NM_001005408 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84461 isoform 2 
               
               
                 KIAA1815 
                 NM_024896 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79956 
               
               
                 KIAA1853 
                 NM_194286 
                 KIAA1853 protein 
               
               
                 KIAA1875 
                 NM_032529 
                 KIAA1875 protein 
               
               
                 KIAA1904 
                 NM_052906 
                 hypothetical protein LOC114794 
               
               
                 KIAA1909 
                 NM_052909 
                 hypothetical protein LOC153478 
               
               
                 KIAA1919 
                 NM_153369 
                 KIAA1919 protein 
               
               
                 KIAA1920 
                 NM_052919 
                 hypothetical protein LOC114817 
               
               
                 KIAA1924 
                 NM_145294 
                 hypothetical protein LOC197335 
               
               
                 KIAA1958 
                 NM_133465 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158405 
               
               
                 KIAA1967 
                 NM_021174 
                 p30 DBC protein 
               
               
                 KIAA2022 
                 NM_001008537 
                 hypothetical protein LOC340533 
               
               
                 KIF11 
                 NM_004523 
                 kinesin family member 11 
               
               
                 KIF13A 
                 NM_022113 
                 kinesin family member 13A 
               
               
                 KIF17 
                 NM_020816 
                 kinesin family member 17 
               
               
                 KIF1A 
                 NM_004321 
                 axonal transport of synaptic vesicles 
               
               
                 KIF1B 
                 NM_015074 
                 kinesin family member lB isoform b 
               
               
                 KIR2DL1 
                 NM_014218 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DL2 
                 NM_014219 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DL3 
                 NM_014511 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DL4 
                 NM_002255 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DL5A 
                 NM_020535 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DL5B 
                 NM_001018081 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DS2 
                 NM_012312 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DS4 
                 NM_012314 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR2DS5 
                 NM_014513 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, two 
               
               
                 KIR3DL1 
                 NM_013289 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three 
               
               
                 KIR3DL2 
                 NM_006737 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three 
               
               
                 KIR3DL3 
                 NM_153443 
                 killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, three 
               
               
                 KIT 
                 NM_000222 
                 v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral 
               
               
                 KITLG 
                 NM_000899 
                 KIT ligand isoform b precursor 
               
               
                 KL 
                 NM_153683 
                 klotho isoform b 
               
               
                 KLC2 
                 NM_022822 
                 likely ortholog of kinesin light chain 2 
               
               
                 KLF11 
                 NM_003597 
                 Kruppel-like factor 11 
               
               
                 KLF12 
                 NM_007249 
                 Kruppel-like factor 12 isoform a 
               
               
                 KLF13 
                 NM_015995 
                 Kruppel-like factor 13 
               
               
                 KLF17 
                 NM_173484 
                 zinc finger protein 393 
               
               
                 KLF4 
                 NM_004235 
                 Kruppel-like factor 4 (Rubin and Gutmann, 2005) 
               
               
                 KLF5 
                 NM_001730 
                 Kruppel-like factor 5 
               
               
                 KLF6 
                 NM_001008490 
                 Kruppel-like factor 6 
               
               
                 KLHDC3 
                 NM_057161 
                 testis intracellular mediator protein 
               
               
                 KLHDC6 
                 NM_207335 
                 hypothetical protein LOC166348 
               
               
                 KLHDC7A 
                 NM_152375 
                 hypothetical protein LOC127707 
               
               
                 KLHDC8B 
                 NM_173546 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200942 
               
               
                 KLHL12 
                 NM_021633 
                 kelch-like 12 
               
               
                 KLHL14 
                 NM_020805 
                 kelch-like 14 
               
               
                 KLHL17 
                 NM_198317 
                 kelch-like 17 
               
               
                 KLHL18 
                 NM_025010 
                 kelch-like 18 
               
               
                 KLHL21 
                 NM_014851 
                 kelch-like 21 
               
               
                 KLHL25 
                 NM_022480 
                 BTB/POZ KELCH domain protein 
               
               
                 KLHL3 
                 NM_017415 
                 kelch-like 3 ( Drosophila ) 
               
               
                 KLK13 
                 NM_015596 
                 kallikrein 13 precursor 
               
               
                 KLRD1 
                 NM_002262 
                 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily D, 
               
               
                 KLRK1 
                 NM_007360 
                 NKG2-D type II integral membrane protein 
               
               
                 KNDC1 
                 NM_152643 
                 kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain (Lopez-Beltran et 
               
               
                   
                   
                 al., 2006) 
               
               
                 KREMEN2 
                 NM_024507 
                 kringle-containing transmembrane protein 2 
               
               
                 KRIT1 
                 NM_001013406 
                 krev interaction trapped 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 KRT20 
                 NM_019010 
                 keratin 20 
               
               
                 KRT5 
                 NM_000424 
                 keratin 5 
               
               
                 KRTAP3-1 
                 NM_031958 
                 keratin associated protein 3.1 
               
               
                 KRTAP4-14 
                 NM_033059 
                 keratin associated protein 4-14 
               
               
                 KRTAP4-7 
                 NM_033061 
                 keratin associated protein 4-7 
               
               
                 KRTAP5-10 
                 NM_001012710 
                 keratin associated protein 5-10 
               
               
                 KRTAP5-2 
                 NM_001004325 
                 keratin associated protein 5-2 
               
               
                 KRTHB1 
                 NM_002281 
                 keratin, hair, basic, 1 
               
               
                 KRTHB2 
                 NM_033033 
                 keratin, hair, basic, 2 
               
               
                 KRTHB3 
                 NM_002282 
                 keratin, hair, basic, 3 
               
               
                 KSR1 
                 NM_014238 
                 kinase suppressor of ras 
               
               
                 KTN1 
                 NM_182926 
                 kinectin 1 
               
               
                 L1CAM 
                 NM_000425 
                 L1 cell adhesion molecule isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LAD1 
                 NM_005558 
                 ladinin 1 
               
               
                 LAMB2 
                 NM_002292 
                 laminin, beta 2 precursor 
               
               
                 LAMC1 
                 NM_002293 
                 laminin, gamma 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LANCL1 
                 NM_006055 
                 lanthionine synthetase C-like protein 1 
               
               
                 LARP5 
                 NM_015155 
                 La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 5 
               
               
                 LASP1 
                 NM_006148 
                 LIM and SH3 protein 1 
               
               
                 LASS1 
                 NM_021267 
                 longevity assurance gene 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 LASS2 
                 NM_013384 
                 LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 LASS3 
                 NM_178842 
                 hypothetical protein LOC204219 
               
               
                 LASS5 
                 NM_147190 
                 LAG1 longevity assurance homolog 5 
               
               
                 LASS6 
                 NM_203463 
                 longevity assurance homolog 6 
               
               
                 LCE1C 
                 NM_178351 
                 late cornified envelope 1C 
               
               
                 LCMT2 
                 NM_014793 
                 leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 LCP1 
                 NM_002298 
                 L-plastin 
               
               
                 LDB3 
                 NM_007078 
                 LIM domain binding 3 
               
               
                 LDHA 
                 NM_005566 
                 lactate dehydrogenase A 
               
               
                 LDHD 
                 NM_153486 
                 D-lactate dehydrogenase isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LDLR 
                 NM_000527 
                 low density lipoprotein receptor precursor 
               
               
                 LDLRAD2 
                 NM_001013693 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401944 
               
               
                 LDOC1L 
                 NM_032287 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84247 
               
               
                 LEF1 
                 NM_016269 
                 lymphoid enhancer binding factor-1 
               
               
                 LELP1 
                 NM_001010857 
                 late cornified envelope-like proline-rich 1 
               
               
                 LENEP 
                 NM_018655 
                 lens epithelial protein 
               
               
                 LEPREL1 
                 NM_018192 
                 leprecan-like 1 
               
               
                 LEREPO4 
                 NM_018471 
                 erythropoietin 4 immediate early response 
               
               
                 LETMD1 
                 NM_001024668 
                 LETM1 domain containing 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 LGI1 
                 NM_005097 
                 leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LGI2 
                 NM_018176 
                 leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 2 
               
               
                 LGI3 
                 NM_139278 
                 leucine-rich repeat LGI family, member 3 
               
               
                 LGR4 
                 NM_018490 
                 leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled 
               
               
                 LHCGR 
                 NM_000233 
                 luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor 
               
               
                 LHFPL2 
                 NM_005779 
                 lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 2 
               
               
                 LHPP 
                 NM_022126 
                 phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic 
               
               
                 LHX2 
                 NM_004789 
                 LIM homeobox protein 2 
               
               
                 LHX3 
                 NM_014564 
                 LIM homeobox protein 3 isoform b 
               
               
                 LIF 
                 NM_002309 
                 leukemia inhibitory factor (cholinergic 
               
               
                 LILRB4 
                 NM_006847 
                 leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor, 
               
               
                 LIMA1 
                 NM_016357 
                 epithelial protein lost in neoplasm beta 
               
               
                 LIMD1 
                 NM_014240 
                 LIM domains containing 1 
               
               
                 LIMD2 
                 NM_030576 
                 LIM domain containing 2 
               
               
                 LIMK1 
                 NM_016735 
                 LIM domain kinase 1 isoform dLIMK 
               
               
                 LIN28 
                 NM_024674 
                 lin-28 homolog 
               
               
                 LIN28B 
                 NM_001004317 
                 lin-28 homolog B 
               
               
                 LINS1 
                 NM_181740 
                 lines homolog 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 LITAF 
                 NM_004862 
                 LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor 
               
               
                 LIX1 
                 NM_153234 
                 limb expression 1 
               
               
                 LLGL1 
                 NM_004140 
                 lethal giant larvae homolog 1 
               
               
                 LMAN2L 
                 NM_030805 
                 lectin, mannose-binding 2-like 
               
               
                 LMBR1L 
                 NM_018113 
                 lipocalin-interacting membrane receptor 
               
               
                 LMNA 
                 NM_170707 
                 lamin A/C isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LMNB2 
                 NM_032737 
                 lamin B2 
               
               
                 LMOD1 
                 NM_012134 
                 leiomodin 1 (smooth muscle) 
               
               
                 LNK 
                 NM_005475 
                 lymphocyte adaptor protein 
               
               
                 LNX1 
                 NM_032622 
                 multi-PDZ-domain-containing protein 
               
               
                 LNX2 
                 NM_153371 
                 PDZ domain containing ring finger 1 
               
               
                 LOC113386 
                 NM_138781 
                 hypothetical protein LOC113386 
               
               
                 LOC115648 
                 NM_145326 
                 hypothetical protein LOC115648 
               
               
                 LOC128439 
                 NM_139016 
                 hypothetical protein LOC128439 
               
               
                 LOC128977 
                 NM_173793 
                 hypothetical protein LOC128977 
               
               
                 LOC129138 
                 NM_138797 
                 hypothetical protein LOC129138 
               
               
                 LOC130576 
                 NM_177964 
                 hypothetical protein LOC130576 
               
               
                 LOC134145 
                 NM_199133 
                 hypothetical protein LOC134145 
               
               
                 LOC134147 
                 NM_138809 
                 hypothetical protein LOC134147 
               
               
                 LOC147650 
                 NM_207324 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147650 
               
               
                 LOC147808 
                 NM_203374 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147808 
               
               
                 LOC149620 
                 NM_001013621 
                 hypothetical protein LOC149620 
               
               
                 LOC150223 
                 NM_001017964 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150223 isoform a 
               
               
                 LOC150383 
                 NM_001008917 
                 hypothetical protein LOC150383 isoform 2 
               
               
                 LOC152485 
                 NM_178835 
                 hypothetical protein LOC152485 
               
               
                 LOC153222 
                 NM_153607 
                 hypothetical protein LOC153222 
               
               
                 LOC153364 
                 NM_203406 
                 similar to metallo-beta-lactamase superfamily 
               
               
                 LOC158318 
                 NM_001024608 
                 hypothetical protein LOC158318 
               
               
                 LOC159090 
                 NM_145284 
                 hypothetical protein LOC159090 
               
               
                 LOC162427 
                 NM_178126 
                 hypothetical protein LOC162427 
               
               
                 LOC165186 
                 NM_199280 
                 hypothetical protein LOC165186 
               
               
                 LOC168850 
                 NM_176814 
                 hypothetical protein LOC168850 
               
               
                 LOC200261 
                 NM_182535 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200261 
               
               
                 LOC200312 
                 NM_001017981 
                 similar to RIKEN cDNA 0610009J22 
               
               
                 LOC201181 
                 NM_001013624 
                 hypothetical protein LOC201181 
               
               
                 LOC201895 
                 NM_174921 
                 hypothetical protein LOC201895 
               
               
                 LOC221442 
                 NM_001010871 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221442 
               
               
                 LOC221955 
                 NM_139179 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221955 
               
               
                 LOC222171 
                 NM_175887 
                 hypothetical protein LOC222171 
               
               
                 LOC255374 
                 NM_203397 
                 hypothetical protein LOC255374 
               
               
                 LOC283174 
                 NM_001001873 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283174 
               
               
                 LOC283219 
                 NM_001029859 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283219 
               
               
                 LOC283487 
                 NM_178514 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283487 
               
               
                 LOC283551 
                 NM_001012706 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283551 
               
               
                 LOC284296 
                 NM_175908 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284296 
               
               
                 LOC284739 
                 NM_207349 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284739 
               
               
                 LOC285382 
                 NM_001025266 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285382 
               
               
                 LOC285636 
                 NM_175921 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285636 
               
               
                 LOC285989 
                 NM_001013258 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285989 isoform 2 
               
               
                 LOC338328 
                 NM_178172 
                 high density lipoprotein-binding protein 
               
               
                 LOC339123 
                 NM_001005920 
                 hypothetical LOC339123 
               
               
                 LOC339524 
                 NM_207357 
                 hypothetical protein LOC339524 
               
               
                 LOC340061 
                 NM_198282 
                 hypothetical protein LOC340061 
               
               
                 LOC340156 
                 NM_001012418 
                 hypothetical protein LOC340156 
               
               
                 LOC340527 
                 NM_001013627 
                 hypothetical protein LOC340527 
               
               
                 LOC345222 
                 NM_001012982 
                 hypothetical protein LOC345222 
               
               
                 LOC348262 
                 NM_207368 
                 hypothetical protein LOC348262 
               
               
                 LOC349136 
                 NM_198285 
                 hypothetical protein LOC349136 
               
               
                 LOC387646 
                 NM_001006604 
                 hypothetical protein LOC387646 
               
               
                 LOC387856 
                 NM_001013635 
                 hypothetical protein LOC387856 
               
               
                 LOC388022 
                 NM_001013637 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388022 
               
               
                 LOC388610 
                 NM_001013642 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388610 
               
               
                 LOC388886 
                 NM_207644 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388886 
               
               
                 LOC388910 
                 NM_001012986 
                 hypothetical protein LOC388910 
               
               
                 LOC389151 
                 NM_001013650 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389151 
               
               
                 LOC389432 
                 NM_001030060 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389432 
               
               
                 LOC389634 
                 NM_001012988 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389634 
               
               
                 LOC389833 
                 NM_001033515 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389833 
               
               
                 LOC389936 
                 NM_001013656 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389936 
               
               
                 LOC390980 
                 NM_001023563 
                 similar to Zinc finger protein 264 
               
               
                 LOC400145 
                 NM_001013669 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400145 
               
               
                 LOC400258 
                 NM_001008404 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400258 
               
               
                 LOC400464 
                 NM_001013670 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400464 
               
               
                 LOC400509 
                 NM_001012391 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400509 
               
               
                 LOC400696 
                 NM_207646 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400696 
               
               
                 LOC400891 
                 NM_001013675 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400891 
               
               
                 LOC400965 
                 NM_001013677 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400965 
               
               
                 LOC400968 
                 NM_001013678 
                 hypothetical protein LOC400968 
               
               
                 LOC401252 
                 NM_001013681 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401252 
               
               
                 LOC401280 
                 NM_001013682 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401280 
               
               
                 LOC401286 
                 NM_001023565 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401286 
               
               
                 LOC401296 
                 NM_001024677 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401296 
               
               
                 LOC401357 
                 NM_001013685 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401357 
               
               
                 LOC401431 
                 NM_001008745 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401431 
               
               
                 LOC401589 
                 NM_001013687 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401589 
               
               
                 LOC401620 
                 NM_001013688 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401620 
               
               
                 LOC401622 
                 NM_001013689 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401622 
               
               
                 LOC401623 
                 NM_001018158 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401623 
               
               
                 LOC401720 
                 NM_001013690 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401720 
               
               
                 LOC439985 
                 NM_001013696 
                 hypothetical protein LOC439985 
               
               
                 LOC440295 
                 NM_198181 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440295 
               
               
                 LOC440313 
                 NM_001013704 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440313 
               
               
                 LOC440742 
                 NM_001013710 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440742 
               
               
                 LOC440836 
                 NM_001014440 
                 similar to MGC52679 protein 
               
               
                 LOC440944 
                 NM_001013713 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440944 
               
               
                 LOC441046 
                 NM_001011539 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441046 
               
               
                 LOC441120 
                 NM_001013718 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441120 
               
               
                 LOC441179 
                 NM_001013721 
                 hypothetical protein LOC441179 
               
               
                 LOC504188 
                 NM_001013404 
                 hypothetical protein LOC504188 
               
               
                 LOC51149 
                 NM_001018061 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51149 isoform 4 
               
               
                 LOC51333 
                 NM_016643 
                 mesenchymal stem cell protein DSC43 
               
               
                 LOC552891 
                 NM_004125 
                 hypothetical protein LOC552891 
               
               
                 LOC55565 
                 NM_017530 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55565 
               
               
                 LOC619208 
                 NM_001033564 
                 hypothetical protein LOC619208 
               
               
                 LOC63920 
                 NM_022090 
                 transposon-derived Buster3 transposase-like 
               
               
                 LOC89944 
                 NM_138342 
                 hypothetical protein LOC89944 
               
               
                 LOC90321 
                 NM_001010851 
                 hypothetical protein LOC90321 
               
               
                 LOC93349 
                 NM_138402 
                 hypothetical protein LOC93349 
               
               
                 LOH11CR2A 
                 NM_014622 
                 BCSC-1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 LONRF3 
                 NM_001031855 
                 LON peptidase N-terminal domain and ring finger 
               
               
                 LOXL3 
                 NM_032603 
                 lysyl oxidase-like 3 precursor 
               
               
                 LPAL2 
                 NM_145727 
                 lipoprotein, Lp(a)-like 2 precursor 
               
               
                 LPGAT1 
                 NM_014873 
                 lysophosphatidylglycerol acyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 LPHN1 
                 NM_001008701 
                 latrophilin 1 isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 LPIN1 
                 NM_145693 
                 lipin 1 
               
               
                 LPIN2 
                 NM_014646 
                 lipin 2 
               
               
                 LPIN3 
                 NM_022896 
                 lipin 3 
               
               
                 LPO 
                 NM_006151 
                 lactoperoxidase 
               
               
                 LPP 
                 NM_005578 
                 LIM domain containing preferred translocation 
               
               
                 LPPR2 
                 NM_022737 
                 lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 
               
               
                 LRAT 
                 NM_004744 
                 lecithin retinol acyltransferase 
               
               
                 LRCH1 
                 NM_015116 
                 leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology (CH) 
               
               
                 LRCH2 
                 NM_020871 
                 leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology (CH) 
               
               
                 LRCH4 
                 NM_002319 
                 leucine-rich repeats and calponin homology (CH) 
               
               
                 LRIG1 
                 NM_015541 
                 leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like 
               
               
                 LRP1 
                 NM_002332 
                 low density lipoprotein-related protein 1 
               
               
                 LRP2BP 
                 NM_018409 
                 LRP2 binding protein 
               
               
                 LRP4 
                 NM_002334 
                 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 
               
               
                 LRRC1 
                 NM_018214 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 1 
               
               
                 LRRC14 
                 NM_014665 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 14 
               
               
                 LRRC18 
                 NM_001006939 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 18 
               
               
                 LRRC2 
                 NM_024512 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 2 
               
               
                 LRRC40 
                 NM_017768 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 40 
               
               
                 LRRC44 
                 NM_145258 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 44 
               
               
                 LRRC55 
                 NM_001005210 
                 hypothetical protein LOC219527 
               
               
                 LRRC56 
                 NM_198075 
                 hypothetical protein LOC115399 
               
               
                 LRRFIP1 
                 NM_004735 
                 leucine rich repeat (in FLII) interacting 
               
               
                 LRRTM2 
                 NM_015564 
                 leucine rich repeat transmembrane neuronal 2 
               
               
                 LRSAM1 
                 NM_001005373 
                 leucine rich repeat and sterile alpha motif 
               
               
                 LSS 
                 NM_002340 
                 lanosterol synthase 
               
               
                 LTBP2 
                 NM_000428 
                 latent transforming growth factor beta binding 
               
               
                 LTBR 
                 NM_002342 
                 lymphotoxin beta receptor 
               
               
                 LTF 
                 NM_002343 
                 lactotransferrin 
               
               
                 LUZP1 
                 NM_033631 
                 leucine zipper protein 1 
               
               
                 LUZP4 
                 NM_016383 
                 leucine zipper protein 4 
               
               
                 LY6G5B 
                 NM_021221 
                 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex G5B 
               
               
                 LY6G5C 
                 NM_001002848 
                 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex G5C isoform C 
               
               
                 LY6K 
                 NM_017527 
                 lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus K 
               
               
                 LY75 
                 NM_002349 
                 lymphocyte antigen 75 
               
               
                 LY9 
                 NM_001033667 
                 lymphocyte antigen 9 isoform b 
               
               
                 LYCAT 
                 NM_001002257 
                 lysocardiolipin acyltransferase isoform 2 
               
               
                 LYPD3 
                 NM_014400 
                 GPI-anchored metastasis-associated protein 
               
               
                 LYPLA1 
                 NM_006330 
                 lysophospholipase I 
               
               
                 LYPLA3 
                 NM_012320 
                 lysophospholipase 3 (lysosomal phospholipase 
               
               
                 LYPLAL1 
                 NM_138794 
                 lysophospholipase-like 1 
               
               
                 LYSMD4 
                 NM_152449 
                 hypothetical protein LOC145748 
               
               
                 LYST 
                 NM_000081 
                 lysosomal trafficking regulator isoform 1 
               
               
                 LYZ 
                 NM_000239 
                 lysozyme precursor 
               
               
                 LZTS1 
                 NM_021020 
                 leucine zipper, putative tumor suppressor 1 
               
               
                 LZTS2 
                 NM_032429 
                 leucine zipper, putative tumor suppressor 2 
               
               
                 M6PR 
                 NM_002355 
                 cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor 
               
               
                 MADD 
                 NM_003682 
                 MAP-kinase activating death domain-containing 
               
               
                 MAF1 
                 NM_032272 
                 MAF1 protein 
               
               
                 MAFF 
                 NM_012323 
                 transcription factor MAFF 
               
               
                 MAFK 
                 NM_002360 
                 v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene 
               
               
                 MAGEA12 
                 NM_005367 
                 melanoma antigen family A, 12 
               
               
                 MAGEA2 
                 NM_005361 
                 melanoma antigen family A, 2 
               
               
                 MAGEA2B 
                 NM_153488 
                 melanoma antigen family A, 2B 
               
               
                 MAGEA3 
                 NM_005362 
                 melanoma antigen family A, 3 
               
               
                 MAGEA6 
                 NM_005363 
                 melanoma antigen family A, 6 
               
               
                 MAGEB2 
                 NM_002364 
                 melanoma antigen family B, 2 
               
               
                 MAGEC3 
                 NM_177456 
                 melanoma antigen family C, 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 MAGI1 
                 NM_001033057 
                 membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ 
               
               
                 MAK3 
                 NM_025146 
                 Mak3 homolog 
               
               
                 MAL 
                 NM_002371 
                 T-lymphocyte maturation-associated protein 
               
               
                 MAML3 
                 NM_018717 
                 mastermind-like 3 
               
               
                 MAN2A2 
                 NM_006122 
                 mannosidase, alpha, class 2A, member 2 
               
               
                 MAOA 
                 NM_000240 
                 monoamine oxidase A 
               
               
                 MAP1A 
                 NM_002373 
                 microtubule-associated protein 1A 
               
               
                 MAP2 
                 NM_002374 
                 microtubule-associated protein 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MAP2K1 
                 NM_002755 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 
               
               
                 MAP2K3 
                 NM_002756 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 
               
               
                 MAP3K14 
                 NM_003954 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 
               
               
                 MAP3K15 
                 NM_001001671 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 
               
               
                 MAP3K3 
                 NM_002401 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 
               
               
                 MAP3K7 
                 NM_003188 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 
               
               
                 MAP3K7IP1 
                 NM_006116 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 
               
               
                 MAP3K7IP2 
                 NM_015093 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 
               
               
                 MAP3K9 
                 NM_033141 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 
               
               
                 MAP4 
                 NM_002375 
                 microtubule-associated protein 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MAP4K4 
                 NM_004834 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 
               
               
                 MAP6 
                 NM_207577 
                 microtubule-associated protein 6 isoform 2 
               
               
                 MAP6D1 
                 NM_024871 
                 MAP6 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 MAP7 
                 NM_003980 
                 microtubule-associated protein 7 
               
               
                 MAPK1 
                 NM_002745 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 
               
               
                 MAPK10 
                 NM_002753 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MAPK13 
                 NM_002754 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 
               
               
                 MAPK15 
                 NM_139021 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase 15 
               
               
                 MAPKAPK3 
                 NM_004635 
                 mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated 
               
               
                 MAPRE2 
                 NM_014268 
                 microtubule-associated protein, RP/EB family, 
               
               
                 MAPT 
                 NM_005910 
                 microtubule-associated protein tau isoform 2 
               
               
                 MARCH4 
                 NM_020814 
                 membrane-associated ring finger (C3HC4) 4 
               
               
                 MARCH5 
                 NM_017824 
                 ring finger protein 153 
               
               
                 MARCH8 
                 NM_001002265 
                 cellular modulator of immune recognition 
               
               
                 MARCH9 
                 NM_138396 
                 membrane-associated RING-CH protein IX 
               
               
                 MARCKSL1 
                 NM_023009 
                 MARCKS-like 1 
               
               
                 MARK4 
                 NM_031417 
                 MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 4 
               
               
                 MARVELD1 
                 NM_031484 
                 MARVEL domain containing I 
               
               
                 MARVELD3 
                 NM_052858 
                 MARVEL domain containing 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 MASP1 
                 NM_001031849 
                 mannan-binding lectin serine protease 1 isoform 
               
               
                 MASP2 
                 NM_006610 
                 mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2 isoform 
               
               
                 MAT2A 
                 NM_005911 
                 methionine adenosyltransferase II, alpha 
               
               
                 MAWBP 
                 NM_001033083 
                 MAWD binding protein isoform b 
               
               
                 MAX 
                 NM_002382 
                 MAX protein isoform a 
               
               
                 MBD1 
                 NM_002384 
                 methyl-CpG binding domain protein 1 isoform 4 
               
               
                 MBD3 
                 NM_003926 
                 methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3 
               
               
                 MBD6 
                 NM_052897 
                 methyl-CpG binding domain protein 6 
               
               
                 MBP 
                 NM_001025081 
                 myelin basic protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 MC2R 
                 NM_000529 
                 melanocortin 2 receptor 
               
               
                 MCART6 
                 NM_001012755 
                 hypothetical protein L0C401612 
               
               
                 MCFD2 
                 NM_139279 
                 multiple coagulation factor deficiency 2 
               
               
                 MCL1 
                 NM_021960 
                 myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MCOLN1 
                 NM_020533 
                 mucolipin 1 
               
               
                 MDGA1 
                 NM_153487 
                 MAM domain containing 
               
               
                 MECP2 
                 NM_004992 
                 methyl CpG binding protein 2 
               
               
                 MECR 
                 NM_001024732 
                 nuclear receptor-binding factor 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 MED19 
                 NM_153450 
                 mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription, 
               
               
                 MED4 
                 NM_014166 
                 mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription, 
               
               
                 MED8 
                 NM_001001651 
                 mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription 
               
               
                 MEGF10 
                 NM_032446 
                 MEGF10 protein 
               
               
                 MEOX1 
                 NM_004527 
                 mesenchyme homeobox 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MESP1 
                 NM_018670 
                 mesoderm posterior 1 
               
               
                 MEST 
                 NM_002402 
                 mesoderm specific transcript isoform a 
               
               
                 MET 
                 NM_000245 
                 met proto-oncogene precursor 
               
               
                 METAP1 
                 NM_015143 
                 methionyl aminopeptidase 1 
               
               
                 METT10D 
                 NM_024086 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79066 
               
               
                 METTL1 
                 NM_005371 
                 methyltransferase-like protein 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 METTL4 
                 NM_022840 
                 methyltransferase like 4 
               
               
                 MFAP2 
                 NM_002403 
                 microfibrillar-associated protein 2 precursor 
               
               
                 MFAP4 
                 NM_002404 
                 microfibrillar-associated protein 4 
               
               
                 MFN2 
                 NM_014874 
                 mitofusin 2 
               
               
                 MFRP 
                 NM_031433 
                 membrane frizzled-related protein 
               
               
                 MGAT1 
                 NM_002406 
                 mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 MGAT3 
                 NM_002409 
                 mannosyl (beta-1,4-)-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 MGAT4B 
                 NM_014275 
                 mannosyl (alpha-1,3-)-glycoprotein 
               
               
                 MGAT5B 
                 NM_144677 
                 beta(1,6)-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V 
               
               
                 MGC11102 
                 NM_032325 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84285 
               
               
                 MGC12981 
                 NM_032357 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84317 
               
               
                 MGC13024 
                 NM_152288 
                 hypothetical protein LOC93129 
               
               
                 MGC13114 
                 NM_032366 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84326 isoform a 
               
               
                 MGC13138 
                 NM_033410 
                 hypothetical protein LOC92595 
               
               
                 MGC16169 
                 NM_033115 
                 hypothetical protein LOC93627 
               
               
                 MGC16291 
                 NM_032770 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84856 
               
               
                 MGC17330 
                 NM_052880 
                 HGFL protein 
               
               
                 MGC21644 
                 NM_138492 
                 hypothetical protein LOC153768 isoform c 
               
               
                 MGC21675 
                 NM_052861 
                 hypothetical protein LOC92070 
               
               
                 MGC23280 
                 NM_144683 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147015 
               
               
                 MGC24039 
                 NM_144973 
                 hypothetical protein LOC160518 
               
               
                 MGC26694 
                 NM_178526 
                 hypothetical protein LOC284439 
               
               
                 MGC2752 
                 NM_023939 
                 hypothetical protein LOC65996 
               
               
                 MGC3123 
                 NM_024107 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79089 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MGC33556 
                 NM_001004307 
                 hypothetical protein LOC339541 
               
               
                 MGC34774 
                 NM_203308 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399670 
               
               
                 MGC35440 
                 NM_153220 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147990 
               
               
                 MGC39518 
                 NM_173822 
                 hypothetical protein LOC285172 
               
               
                 MGC42367 
                 NM_207362 
                 hypothetical protein LOC343990 
               
               
                 MGC4268 
                 NM_031445 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83607 
               
               
                 MGC43122 
                 NM_173513 
                 hypothetical protein LOC151477 
               
               
                 MGC44328 
                 NM_001004344 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440757 
               
               
                 MGC45491 
                 NM_153246 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221416 
               
               
                 MGC50722 
                 NM_203348 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399693 
               
               
                 MGC52057 
                 NM_194317 
                 hypothetical protein LOC130574 
               
               
                 MGC5242 
                 NM_024033 
                 hypothetical protein LOC78996 
               
               
                 MGC70857 
                 NM_001001795 
                 hypothetical protein LOC414919 
               
               
                 MGC70870 
                 NM_203481 
                 hypothetical LOC403340 
               
               
                 MGLL 
                 NM_001003794 
                 monoglyceride lipase isoform 2 
               
               
                 MIB1 
                 NM_020774 
                 mindbomb homolog 1 
               
               
                 MICAL-L1 
                 NM_033386 
                 molecule interacting with Rab13 
               
               
                 MIER2 
                 NM_017550 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54531 
               
               
                 MIER3 
                 NM_152622 
                 hypothetical protein LOC166968 
               
               
                 MIR16 
                 NM_016641 
                 membrane interacting protein of RGS16 
               
               
                 MITF 
                 NM_000248 
                 microphthalmia-associated transcription factor 
               
               
                 MK167 
                 NM_002417 
                 antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki-67 
               
               
                 MKL2 
                 NM_014048 
                 megakaryoblastic leukemia 2 protein 
               
               
                 MKLN1 
                 NM_013255 
                 muskelin 1, intracellular mediator containing 
               
               
                 MKNK2 
                 NM_199054 
                 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine kinase 2 
               
               
                 MKX 
                 NM_173576 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283078 
               
               
                 MLANA 
                 NM_005511 
                 melan-A 
               
               
                 MLC1 
                 NM_015166 
                 megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with 
               
               
                 MLL 
                 NM_005933 
                 myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 
               
               
                 MLLT3 
                 NM_004529 
                 myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 
               
               
                 MMAB 
                 NM_052845 
                 cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase 
               
               
                 MMP11 
                 NM_005940 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 11 preproprotein 
               
               
                 MMP14 
                 NM_004995 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 14 preproprotein 
               
               
                 MMP15 
                 NM_002428 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 15 preproprotein 
               
               
                 MMP19 
                 NM_001032360 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 19 isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 MMP2 
                 NM_004530 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 2 preproprotein 
               
               
                 MMP25 
                 NM_022468 
                 matrix metalloproteinase 25 preproprotem 
               
               
                 MMS19L 
                 NM_022362 
                 MMSI9-like (MET18 homolog,  S. cerevisiae ) 
               
               
                 MNT 
                 NM_020310 
                 MAX binding protein 
               
               
                 MOAP1 
                 NM_022151 
                 modulator of apoptosis 1 
               
               
                 MOBKL1A 
                 NM_173468 
                 MOB1, Mps One Binder kinase activator-like 1A 
               
               
                 MOBKL2A 
                 NM_130807 
                 MOB-LAK 
               
               
                 MOBKL2C 
                 NM_145279 
                 MOB1, Mps One Binder kinase activator-like 2C 
               
               
                 MOV10 
                 NM_020963 
                 Mov10, Moloney leukemia virus 10, homolog 
               
               
                 MOV10L1 
                 NM_018995 
                 MOV10-like 1 
               
               
                 MPHOSPH6 
                 NM_005792 
                 M-phase phosphoprotein 6 
               
               
                 MPI 
                 NM_002435 
                 mannose-6-phosphate isomerase 
               
               
                 MPL 
                 NM_005373 
                 myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene 
               
               
                 MPO 
                 NM_000250 
                 myeloperoxidase 
               
               
                 MPP2 
                 NM_005374 
                 palmitoylated membrane protein 2 
               
               
                 MPP5 
                 NM_022474 
                 membrane protein, palmitoylated 5 
               
               
                 MPPED1 
                 NM_001585 
                 hypothetical protein LOC758 
               
               
                 MPPED2 
                 NM_001584 
                 hypothetical protein LOC744 
               
               
                 MRAS 
                 NM_012219 
                 muscle RAS oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 MRGPRX2 
                 NM_054030 
                 MAS-related GPR, member X2 
               
               
                 M-RIP 
                 NM_015134 
                 myosin phosphatase-Rho interacting protein 
               
               
                 MRPL10 
                 NM_145255 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L10 isoform a 
               
               
                 MRPL30 
                 NM_145212 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L30 
               
               
                 MRPL33 
                 NM_004891 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L33 isoform a 
               
               
                 MRPL47 
                 NM_020409 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L47 isoform a 
               
               
                 MRPL52 
                 NM_178336 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L52 isoform a 
               
               
                 MRPS12 
                 NM_021107 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S12 precursor 
               
               
                 MRPS25 
                 NM_022497 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S25 
               
               
                 MRPS27 
                 NM_015084 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S27 
               
               
                 MRPS7 
                 NM_015971 
                 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S7 
               
               
                 MRVI1 
                 NM_006069 
                 JAW1-related protein isoform a 
               
               
                 MS4A10 
                 NM_206893 
                 membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 
               
               
                 MS4A2 
                 NM_000139 
                 membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 
               
               
                 MSI1 
                 NM_002442 
                 musashi 1 
               
               
                 MSL2L1 
                 NM_018133 
                 ring finger protein 184 
               
               
                 MSL3L1 
                 NM_078628 
                 male-specific lethal 3-like 1 isoform d 
               
               
                 MSR1 
                 NM_138715 
                 macrophage scavenger receptor 1 isoform type 1 
               
               
                 MST150 
                 NM_032947 
                 putative small membrane protein NID67 
               
               
                 MSX2 
                 NM_002449 
                 msh homeobox 2 
               
               
                 MT1E 
                 NM_175617 
                 metallothionein 1E 
               
               
                 MTA2 
                 NM_004739 
                 metastasis-associated protein 2 
               
               
                 MTAP 
                 NM_002451 
                 5-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase 
               
               
                 MTERFD2 
                 NM_182501 
                 MTERF domain containing 2 
               
               
                 MTFR1 
                 NM_014637 
                 chondrocyte protein with a poly-proline region 
               
               
                 MTHFR 
                 NM_005957 
                 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 
               
               
                 MTM1 
                 NM_000252 
                 myotubularin 
               
               
                 MTMR12 
                 NM_019061 
                 myotubularin related protein 12 
               
               
                 MTMR2 
                 NM_016156 
                 myotubularin-related protein 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MTMR3 
                 NM_021090 
                 myotubularin-related protein 3 isoform c 
               
               
                 MTMR4 
                 NM_004687 
                 myotubularin related protein 4 
               
               
                 MTMR9 
                 NM_015458 
                 myotubularin-related protein 9 
               
               
                 MTUS1 
                 NM_001001924 
                 mitochondrial tumor suppressor 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MUCDHL 
                 NM_031265 
                 mu-protocadherin isoform 4 
               
               
                 MUM1 
                 NM_032853 
                 melanoma ubiquitous mutated protein 
               
               
                 MXD4 
                 NM_006454 
                 MAD4 
               
               
                 MYADM 
                 NM_001020818 
                 myeloid-associated differentiation marker 
               
               
                 MYADML 
                 NM_207329 
                 myeloid-associated differentiation marker-like 
               
               
                 MYB 
                 NM_005375 
                 v-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 MYC 
                 NM_002467 
                 myc proto-oncogene protein 
               
               
                 MYCBP2 
                 NM_015057 
                 MYC binding protein 2 
               
               
                 MYCN 
                 NM_005378 
                 v-myc myelocytomatosis viral related oncogene, 
               
               
                 MYH6 
                 NM_002471 
                 myosin heavy chain 6 
               
               
                 MYH9 
                 NM_002473 
                 myosin, heavy polypeptide 9, non-muscle 
               
               
                 MYL4 
                 NM_001002841 
                 atrial/embryonic alkali myosin light chain 
               
               
                 MYL9 
                 NM_006097 
                 myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 isoform a 
               
               
                 MYLK 
                 NM_005965 
                 myosin light chain kinase isoform 6 
               
               
                 MYLK2 
                 NM_033118 
                 skeletal myosin light chain kinase 
               
               
                 MYO10 
                 NM_012334 
                 myosin X 
               
               
                 MYO15A 
                 NM_016239 
                 myosin XV 
               
               
                 MYO18A 
                 NM_078471 
                 myosin 18A isoform a 
               
               
                 MYO1C 
                 NM_033375 
                 myosin IC 
               
               
                 MYO1D 
                 NM_015194 
                 myosin ID 
               
               
                 MYO1F 
                 NM_012335 
                 myosin IF 
               
               
                 MYOZ3 
                 NM_133371 
                 myozenin 3 
               
               
                 MYRIP 
                 NM_015460 
                 myosin VIIA and Rab interacting protein 
               
               
                 MYT1 
                 NM_004535 
                 myelin transcription factor 1 
               
               
                 N4BP1 
                 NM_153029 
                 Nedd4 binding protein 1 
               
               
                 NAGPA 
                 NM_016256 
                 N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester 
               
               
                 NALP2 
                 NM_017852 
                 NACHT, leucine rich repeat and PYD containing 2 
               
               
                 NAP1L2 
                 NM_021963 
                 nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 2 
               
               
                 NAP1L5 
                 NM_153757 
                 nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 5 
               
               
                 NAPE-PLD 
                 NM_198990 
                 N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine-hydrolyzing 
               
               
                 NAT10 
                 NM_024662 
                 N-acetyltransferase-like protein 
               
               
                 NAT11 
                 NM_024771 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79829 
               
               
                 NAV1 
                 NM_020443 
                 neuron navigator 1 
               
               
                 NAV2 
                 NM_145117 
                 neuron navigator 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 NAV3 
                 NM_014903 
                 neuron navigator 3 
               
               
                 NBL1 
                 NM_005380 
                 neuroblastoma, suppression of tumorigenicity 1 
               
               
                 NBN 
                 NM_001024688 
                 nibrin isoform 2 
               
               
                 NBPF11 
                 NM_183372 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200030 
               
               
                 NBPF4 
                 NM_152488 
                 hypothetical protein LOC148545 
               
               
                 NBR1 
                 NM_005899 
                 neighbor of BRCA1 gene 1 
               
               
                 NCBP2 
                 NM_007362 
                 nuclear cap binding protein subunit 2, 20 kDa 
               
               
                 NCDN 
                 NM_001014839 
                 neurochondrin isoform 1 
               
               
                 NCK2 
                 NM_001004720 
                 NCK adaptor protein 2 isoform A 
               
               
                 NCLN 
                 NM_020170 
                 nicalin 
               
               
                 NCOA1 
                 NM_003743 
                 nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 NCOA4 
                 NM_005437 
                 nuclear receptor coactivator 4 
               
               
                 NCOA6IP 
                 NM_024831 
                 PRIP-interacting protein PIPMT 
               
               
                 NCOR2 
                 NM_006312 
                 nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 
               
               
                 NCR3 
                 NM_147130 
                 natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 
               
               
                 NDOR1 
                 NM_014434 
                 NADPH dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1 
               
               
                 NDRG1 
                 NM_006096 
                 N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 
               
               
                 NDRG4 
                 NM_020465 
                 NDRG family member 4 
               
               
                 NDST1 
                 NM_001543 
                 N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase (heparan 
               
               
                 NDUFA4L2 
                 NM_020142 
                 NADH:ubiguinone oxidoreductase MLRQ subunit 
               
               
                 NDUFC2 
                 NM_004549 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1, subcomplex 
               
               
                 NDUFS6 
                 NM_004553 
                 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe—S protein 6, 
               
               
                 NEDD4 
                 NM_006154 
                 neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally 
               
               
                 NEDD4L 
                 NM_015277 
                 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like 
               
               
                 NEDD8 
                 NM_006156 
                 neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally 
               
               
                 NEDD9 
                 NM_182966 
                 neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally 
               
               
                 NEGR1 
                 NM_173808 
                 neuronal growth regulator 1 
               
               
                 NEK11 
                 NM_024800 
                 NIMA (never in mitosis gene a)-related kinase 
               
               
                 NEK9 
                 NM_033116 
                 NIMA related kinase 9 
               
               
                 NETO1 
                 NM_138966 
                 neuropilin-and tolloid-like protein 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 NETO2 
                 NM_018092 
                 neuropilin-and tolloid-like protein 2 
               
               
                 NEU1 
                 NM_000434 
                 neuraminidase precursor 
               
               
                 NEURL 
                 NM_004210 
                 neuralized-like 
               
               
                 NF2 
                 NM_000268 
                 neurofibromin 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 NFAM1 
                 NM_145912 
                 NFAT activation molecule 1 precursor 
               
               
                 NFASC 
                 NM_015090 
                 neurofascin precursor 
               
               
                 NFAT5 
                 NM_006599 
                 nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 isoform c 
               
               
                 NFATC4 
                 NM_004554 
                 cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T-cells 
               
               
                 NFE2L1 
                 NM_003204 
                 nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 1 
               
               
                 NFIX 
                 NM_002501 
                 nuclear factor I/X (CCAAT-binding transcription 
               
               
                 NFKBIA 
                 NM_020529 
                 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene 
               
               
                 NFKBIE 
                 NM_004556 
                 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene 
               
               
                 NFX1 
                 NM_147134 
                 nuclear transcription factor, X-box binding 1 
               
               
                 NFYA 
                 NM_002505 
                 nuclear transcription factor Y, alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 NFYC 
                 NM_014223 
                 nuclear transcription factor Y, gamma 
               
               
                 NGB 
                 NM_021257 
                 neuroglobin 
               
               
                 NGFR 
                 NM_002507 
                 nerve growth factor receptor precursor 
               
               
                 NHLRC1 
                 NM_198586 
                 malin 
               
               
                 NHS 
                 NM_198270 
                 Nance-Horan syndrome protein 
               
               
                 NIN 
                 NM_020921 
                 ninein isoform 2 
               
               
                 NINJ1 
                 NM_004148 
                 ninjurin 1 
               
               
                 NINJ2 
                 NM_016533 
                 ninjurin 2 
               
               
                 NIPSNAP1 
                 NM_003634 
                 nipsnap homolog 1 
               
               
                 NIPSNAP3B 
                 NM_018376 
                 nipsnap homolog 3B 
               
               
                 NKD2 
                 NM_033120 
                 naked cuticle homolog 2 
               
               
                 NKTR 
                 NM_001012651 
                 natural killer-tumor recognition sequence 
               
               
                 NKX3-1 
                 NM_006167 
                 NK3 transcription factor related, locus 1 
               
               
                 NLE1 
                 NM_001014445 
                 Notchless gene homolog isoform b 
               
               
                 NMNAT3 
                 NM_178177 
                 nicotinamide nucleotide adenylyltransferase 3 
               
               
                 NMT1 
                 NM_021079 
                 N-myristoyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 NMT2 
                 NM_004808 
                 glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 NMUR1 
                 NM_006056 
                 neuromedin U receptor 1 
               
               
                 NNAT 
                 NM_005386 
                 neuronatin isoform alpha 
               
               
                 NOL1 
                 NM_001033714 
                 nucleolar protein 1, 120 kDa 
               
               
                 NOL10 
                 NM_024894 
                 nucleolar protein 10 
               
               
                 NOL6 
                 NM_022917 
                 nucleolar RNA-associated protein alpha isoform 
               
               
                 NONO 
                 NM_007363 
                 non-POU domain containing, octamer-binding 
               
               
                 NOS1AP 
                 NM_014697 
                 nitric oxide synthase 1 (neuronal) adaptor 
               
               
                 NOS2A 
                 NM_000625 
                 nitric oxide synthase 2A isoform 1 
               
               
                 NOS3 
                 NM_000603 
                 nitric oxide synthase 3 (endothelial cell) 
               
               
                 NOTCH1 
                 NM_017617 
                 notchl preproprotein 
               
               
                 NOTCH2 
                 NM_024408 
                 notch 2 preproprotein 
               
               
                 NOTCH3 
                 NM_000435 
                 Notch homolog 3 
               
               
                 NOTCH4 
                 NM_004557 
                 notch4 preproprotein 
               
               
                 NOTUM 
                 NM_178493 
                 hypothetical protein LOC147111 
               
               
                 N-PAC 
                 NM_032569 
                 cytokine-like nuclear factor n-pac 
               
               
                 NPAS4 
                 NM_178864 
                 HLH-PAS transcription factor NXF 
               
               
                 NPC1L1 
                 NM_013389 
                 NPCl-like 1 
               
               
                 NPLOC4 
                 NM_017921 
                 nuclear protein localization 4 
               
               
                 NPNT 
                 NM_001033047 
                 nephronectin 
               
               
                 NPTX1 
                 NM_002522 
                 neuronal pentraxin I precursor 
               
               
                 NPTX2 
                 NM_002523 
                 neuronal pentraxin II 
               
               
                 NQO1 
                 NM_000903 
                 NAD(P)H menadione oxidoreductase 1, 
               
               
                 NR1I2 
                 NM_003889 
                 pregnane X receptor isoform 1 
               
               
                 NR2E3 
                 NM_016346 
                 photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor isoform 
               
               
                 NR4A1 
                 NM_173158 
                 nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 
               
               
                 NR4A2 
                 NM_006186 
                 nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 
               
               
                 NR5A2 
                 NM_003822 
                 nuclear receptor subfamily 5, group A, member 2 
               
               
                 NRBP2 
                 NM_178564 
                 nuclear receptor binding protein 2 
               
               
                 NRG1 
                 NM_013958 
                 neuregulin 1 isoform HRG-beta3 
               
               
                 NRIP2 
                 NM_031474 
                 nuclear receptor interacting protein 2 
               
               
                 NRIP3 
                 NM_020645 
                 nuclear receptor interacting protein 3 
               
               
                 NRK 
                 NM_198465 
                 Nik related kinase 
               
               
                 NRN1 
                 NM_016588 
                 neuritin precursor 
               
               
                 NRP2 
                 NM_003872 
                 neuropilin 2 isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 NRXN2 
                 NM_015080 
                 neurexin 2 isoform alpha-1 precursor 
               
               
                 NT5C2 
                 NM_012229 
                 5′-nucleotidase, cytosolic II 
               
               
                 NT5DC3 
                 NM_001031701 
                 hypothetical protein LOC51559 isoform 1 
               
               
                 NTNG2 
                 NM_032536 
                 netrin G2 
               
               
                 NTRK2 
                 NM_001018064 
                 neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 2 
               
               
                 NTSR1 
                 NM_002531 
                 neurotensin receptor 1 
               
               
                 NUDCD3 
                 NM_015332 
                 NudC domain containing 3 
               
               
                 NUDT13 
                 NM_015901 
                 nudix-type motif 13 
               
               
                 NUDT16L1 
                 NM_032349 
                 syndesmos 
               
               
                 NUDT4 
                 NM_019094 
                 nudix-type motif 4 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 NUDT8 
                 NM_181843 
                 nudix-type motif 8 
               
               
                 NUFIP1 
                 NM_012345 
                 nuclear fragile X mental retardation protein 
               
               
                 NUFIP2 
                 NM_020772 
                 82-kD FMRP Interacting Protein 
               
               
                 NUMB 
                 NM_001005743 
                 numb homolog isoform 1 
               
               
                 NUMBL 
                 NM_004756 
                 numb homolog ( Drosophila )-like 
               
               
                 NUP188 
                 NM_015354 
                 nucleoporin 188 kDa 
               
               
                 NUP210 
                 NM_024923 
                 nucleoporin 210 
               
               
                 NUP43 
                 NM_198887 
                 nucleoporin 43 kDa 
               
               
                 NUPL1 
                 NM_001008564 
                 nucleoporin like 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 NYD-SP18 
                 NM_032599 
                 testes development-related NYD-SP18 
               
               
                 NYD-SP21 
                 NM_032597 
                 testes development-related NYD-SP21 
               
               
                 NYREN18 
                 NM_016118 
                 NEDD8 ultimate buster-1 
               
               
                 OAS3 
                 NM_006187 
                 2′-5′oligoadenylate synthetase 3 
               
               
                 OATL1 
                 NM_001006113 
                 ornithine aminotransferase-like 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 OAZ2 
                 NM_002537 
                 ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 2 
               
               
                 OCRL 
                 NM_000276 
                 phosphatidylinositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 
               
               
                 ODF3L1 
                 NM_175881 
                 outer dense fiber of sperm tails 3-like 1 
               
               
                 ODZ1 
                 NM_014253 
                 odz, odd Oz/ten-m homolog 1 
               
               
                 OGDH 
                 NM_002541 
                 oxoglutarate (alpha-ketoglutarate) dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 OGFOD1 
                 NM_018233 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55239 
               
               
                 OGT 
                 NM_003605 
                 O-linked GlcNAc transferase isoform 3 
               
               
                 OLFM4 
                 NM_006418 
                 olfactomedin 4 precursor 
               
               
                 OLFML1 
                 NM_198474 
                 olfactomedin-like 1 
               
               
                 OLIG2 
                 NM_005806 
                 oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 
               
               
                 OLIG3 
                 NM_175747 
                 oligodendrocyte transcription factor 3 
               
               
                 OPCML 
                 NM_001012393 
                 opioid binding protein/cell adhesion 
               
               
                 OPHN1 
                 NM_002547 
                 oligophrenin 1 
               
               
                 OPN4 
                 NM_001030015 
                 opsin 4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 OPN5 
                 NM_001030051 
                 opsin 5 isoform 2 
               
               
                 OPRL1 
                 NM_000913 
                 opiate receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 OPRM1 
                 NM_001008505 
                 opioid receptor, mu 1 isoform MOR-1X 
               
               
                 OPRS1 
                 NM_005866 
                 opioid receptor, sigma 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 OR2H1 
                 NM_030883 
                 olfactory receptor, family 2, subfamily H, 
               
               
                 OR51E2 
                 NM_030774 
                 olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily E, 
               
               
                 ORAOV1 
                 NM_153451 
                 oral cancer overexpressed 1 
               
               
                 ORMDL3 
                 NM_139280 
                 ORM1-like 3 
               
               
                 OSBPL7 
                 NM_017731 
                 oxysterol-binding protein-like protein 7 
               
               
                 OSCAR 
                 NM_130771 
                 osteoclast-associated receptor isoform 3 
               
               
                 OSM 
                 NM_020530 
                 oncostatin M precursor 
               
               
                 OTOF 
                 NM_004802 
                 otoferlin isoform b 
               
               
                 OTUB2 
                 NM_023112 
                 OTU domain, ubiguitin aldehyde binding 2 
               
               
                 OTX1 
                 NM_014562 
                 orthodenticle 1 
               
               
                 OVCA2 
                 NM_080822 
                 candidate tumor suppressor in ovarian cancer 2 
               
               
                 OVOL1 
                 NM_004561 
                 OVO-like 1 binding protein 
               
               
                 OVOL2 
                 NM_021220 
                 zinc finger protein 339 
               
               
                 OXSR1 
                 NM_005109 
                 oxidative-stress responsive 1 
               
               
                 P15RS 
                 NM_018170 
                 hypothetical protein FLJ10656 
               
               
                 P18SRP 
                 NM_173829 
                 P18SRP protein 
               
               
                 P2RX4 
                 NM_175567 
                 purinergic receptor P2X4 isoform b 
               
               
                 P2RX7 
                 NM_177427 
                 purinergic receptor P2X7 isoform b 
               
               
                 P2RXL1 
                 NM_005446 
                 purinergic receptor P2X-like 1, orphan receptor 
               
               
                 P2RY14 
                 NM_014879 
                 purinergic receptor P2Y, G-protein coupled, 14 
               
               
                 P2RY2 
                 NM_002564 
                 urinergic receptor P2Y2 
               
               
                 P2RY8 
                 NM_178129 
                 G-protein coupled purinergic receptor P2Y8 
               
               
                 P4HA3 
                 NM_182904 
                 prolyl 4-hydroxylase, alpha III subunit 
               
               
                 PACS1 
                 NM_018026 
                 phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1 
               
               
                 PACSIN1 
                 NM_020804 
                 protein kinase C and casein kinase substrate in 
               
               
                 PAG1 
                 NM_018440 
                 phosphoprotein associated with glycosphingolipid 
               
               
                 PAICS 
                 NM_006452 
                 phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase 
               
               
                 PAK1 
                 NM_002576 
                 p21-activated kinase 1 
               
               
                 PAK4 
                 NM_001014831 
                 p21-activated kinase 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PALLD 
                 NM_016081 
                 palladin 
               
               
                 PALM2-AKAP2 
                 NM_007203 
                 PALM2-AKAP2 rotein isoform 1 
               
               
                 PAN3 
                 NM_175854 
                 PABPI-dependent poly A-specific ribonuclease 
               
               
                 PAPOLB 
                 NM_020144 
                 poly(A) polymerase beta (testis specific) 
               
               
                 PAPOLG 
                 NM_022894 
                 poly(A) polymerase gamma 
               
               
                 PAPPA 
                 NM_002581 
                 pregnancy-associated plasma protein A 
               
               
                 PAPPA2 
                 NM_020318 
                 pappalysin 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PAPSS2 
                 NM_001015880 
                 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthase 2 
               
               
                 PAQR5 
                 NM_017705 
                 membrane progestin receptor gamma 
               
               
                 PAQR7 
                 NM_178422 
                 progestin and adipoQ receptor family member VII 
               
               
                 PAQR8 
                 NM_133367 
                 progestin and adipoQ receptor family member 
               
               
                 PARD6B 
                 NM_032521 
                 PAR-6 beta 
               
               
                 PARN 
                 NM_002582 
                 poly(A)-specific ribonuclease (deadenylation 
               
               
                 PARP10 
                 NM_032789 
                 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 10 
               
               
                 PARP11 
                 NM_020367 
                 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 11 
               
               
                 PARP14 
                 NM_017554 
                 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 14 
               
               
                 PARS2 
                 NM_152268 
                 prolyl-tRNA synthetase 
               
               
                 PARVA 
                 NM_018222 
                 parvin, alpha 
               
               
                 PARVG 
                 NM_022141 
                 parvin, gamma 
               
               
                 PAX2 
                 NM_000278 
                 paired box protein 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 PAX8 
                 NM_013952 
                 paired box gene 8 isoform PAX8C 
               
               
                 PBEF1 
                 NM_005746 
                 pre-B-cell colony enhancing factor 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 PCBP4 
                 NM_020418 
                 poly(rC) binding protein 4 isoform a 
               
               
                 PCDH11X 
                 NM_032968 
                 protocadherin 11 X-linked isoform c 
               
               
                 PCDH11Y 
                 NM_032973 
                 protocadherin 11 Y-linked isoform c 
               
               
                 PCDH17 
                 NM_014459 
                 protocadherin 17 
               
               
                 PCDH21 
                 NM_033100 
                 protocadherin 21 precursor 
               
               
                 PCDHGA1 
                 NM_018912 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA10 
                 NM_018913 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 10 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA11 
                 NM_018914 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 11 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA12 
                 NM_003735 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 12 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA2 
                 NM_018915 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA3 
                 NM_018916 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA4 
                 NM_018917 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA5 
                 NM_018918 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA6 
                 NM_018919 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 6 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA7 
                 NM_018920 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 7 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA8 
                 NM_032088 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 8 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGA9 
                 NM_018921 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 9 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB1 
                 NM_018922 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB2 
                 NM_018923 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB3 
                 NM_018924 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB4 
                 NM_003736 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB5 
                 NM_018925 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB6 
                 NM_018926 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 6 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGB7 
                 NM_018927 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily B, 7 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGC3 
                 NM_002588 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily C, 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGC4 
                 NM_018928 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily C, 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCDHGC5 
                 NM_018929 
                 protocadherin gamma subfamily C, 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PCGF3 
                 NM_006315 
                 ring finger protein 3 
               
               
                 PCK2 
                 NM_001018073 
                 mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 
               
               
                 PCMTD1 
                 NM_052937 
                 hypothetical protein LOC115294 
               
               
                 PCNXL2 
                 NM_014801 
                 pecanex-like 2 
               
               
                 PCSK1N 
                 NM_013271 
                 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 
               
               
                 PCSK7 
                 NM_004716 
                 proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7 
               
               
                 PCTK3 
                 NM_002596 
                 PCTAIRE protein kinase 3 isoform b 
               
               
                 PCYOX1 
                 NM_016297 
                 prenylcysteine oxidase 1 
               
               
                 PCYT2 
                 NM_002861 
                 phosphate cytidylyltransferase 2, ethanolamine 
               
               
                 PDCD10 
                 NM_007217 
                 programmed cell death 10 
               
               
                 PDCD2 
                 NM_144781 
                 programmed cell death 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 PDCD4 
                 NM_014456 
                 programmed cell death 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PDE1B 
                 NM_000924 
                 phosphodiesterase 1B, calmodulin-dependent 
               
               
                 PDE4A 
                 NM_006202 
                 phosphodiesterase 4A, cAMP-specific 
               
               
                 PDE5A 
                 NM_001083 
                 phosphodiesterase 5A isoform 1 
               
               
                 PDE7A 
                 NM_002603 
                 phosphodiesterase 7A isoform a 
               
               
                 PDE7B 
                 NM_018945 
                 phosphodiesterase 7B 
               
               
                 PDGFB 
                 NM_002608 
                 platelet-derived growth factor beta isoform 1, 
               
               
                 PDGFRA 
                 NM_006206 
                 platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha 
               
               
                 PDGFRB 
                 NM_002609 
                 platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta 
               
               
                 PDK2 
                 NM_002611 
                 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isoenzyme 2 
               
               
                 PDLIM2 
                 NM_021630 
                 PDZ and LIM domain 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 PDLIM7 
                 NM_213636 
                 PDZ and LIM domain 7 isoform 4 
               
               
                 PDPN 
                 NM_001006624 
                 lung type-I cell membrane-associated 
               
               
                 PDPR 
                 NM_017990 
                 pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase regulatory 
               
               
                 PDRG1 
                 NM_030815 
                 p53 and DNA damage-regulated protein 
               
               
                 PDXK 
                 NM_003681 
                 pyridoxal kinase 
               
               
                 PDZD11 
                 NM_016484 
                 PDZ domain containing 11 
               
               
                 PDZRN3 
                 NM_015009 
                 PDZ domain containing RING finger 3 
               
               
                 PEA15 
                 NM_003768 
                 phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 
               
               
                 PER1 
                 NM_002616 
                 period 1 
               
               
                 PER2 
                 NM_022817 
                 period 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PER3 
                 NM_016831 
                 period 3 
               
               
                 PERLD1 
                 NM_033419 
                 CAB2 protein 
               
               
                 PES1 
                 NM_014303 
                 pescadillo homolog 1, containing BRCT domain 
               
               
                 PEX11B 
                 NM_003846 
                 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11B 
               
               
                 PEX11G 
                 NM_080662 
                 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11 gamma 
               
               
                 PEX14 
                 NM_004565 
                 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 14 
               
               
                 PEX5L 
                 NM_016559 
                 PXR2b protein 
               
               
                 PEX7 
                 NM_000288 
                 peroxisomal biogenesis factor 7 
               
               
                 PFKFB1 
                 NM_002625 
                 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 
               
               
                 PFKFB3 
                 NM_004566 
                 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2, 
               
               
                 PFTK1 
                 NM_012395 
                 PFTAIRE protein kinase 1 
               
               
                 PGAM1 
                 NM_002629 
                 phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (brain) 
               
               
                 PGAM4 
                 NM_001029891 
                 phosphoglycerate mutase family 3 
               
               
                 PGAP1 
                 NM_024989 
                 GPI deacylase 
               
               
                 PGD 
                 NM_002631 
                 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase 
               
               
                 PGDS 
                 NM_014485 
                 prostaglandin-D synthase 
               
               
                 PGEA1 
                 NM_001002880 
                 PKD2 interactor, golgi and endoplasmic reticulum 
               
               
                 PGF 
                 NM_002632 
                 placental growth factor, vascular endothelial 
               
               
                 PGLYRP2 
                 NM_052890 
                 peptidoglycan recognition protein L precursor 
               
               
                 PGLYRP3 
                 NM_052891 
                 peptidoglycan recognition protein-I-alpha 
               
               
                 PGM1 
                 NM_002633 
                 phosphoglucomutase 1 
               
               
                 PGM2L1 
                 NM_173582 
                 phosphoglucomutase 2-like 1 
               
               
                 PGM5 
                 NM_021965 
                 phosphoglucomutase 5 
               
               
                 PGRMC2 
                 NM_006320 
                 progesterone membrane binding protein 
               
               
                 PHACTR4 
                 NM_023923 
                 phosphatase and actin regulator 4 
               
               
                 PHB 
                 NM_002634 
                 prohibitin 
               
               
                 PHF13 
                 NM_153812 
                 PHD finger protein 13 
               
               
                 PHF15 
                 NM_015288 
                 PHD finger protein 15 
               
               
                 PHF19 
                 NM_015651 
                 PHD finger protein 19 isoform a 
               
               
                 PHF6 
                 NM_001015877 
                 PHD finger protein 6 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PHF8 
                 NM_015107 
                 PHD finger protein 8 
               
               
                 PHGDHL1 
                 NM_177967 
                 hypothetical protein LOC337867 
               
               
                 PHKB 
                 NM_000293 
                 phosphorylase kinase, beta isoform a 
               
               
                 PHYHIP 
                 NM_014759 
                 phytanoyl-CoA hydroxylase interacting protein 
               
               
                 PI16 
                 NM_153370 
                 protease inhibitor 16 precursor 
               
               
                 PICK1 
                 NM_012407 
                 protein interacting with C kinase 1 
               
               
                 PIGQ 
                 NM_004204 
                 phosphatidylinositol glycan, class Q isoform 2 
               
               
                 PIGZ 
                 NM_025163 
                 SMP3 mannosyltransferase 
               
               
                 PIK3CD 
                 NM_005026 
                 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, delta 
               
               
                 PIK3R2 
                 NM_005027 
                 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 2 
               
               
                 PIK3R3 
                 NM_003629 
                 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 3 
               
               
                 PIK4CB 
                 NM_002651 
                 phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase, catalytic, beta 
               
               
                 PIP3-E 
                 NM_015553 
                 phosphoinositide-binding protein PIP3-E 
               
               
                 PIP5K1A 
                 NM_003557 
                 phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type 
               
               
                 PIP5K1C 
                 NM_012398 
                 phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type 
               
               
                 PIP5K2B 
                 NM_003559 
                 phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type 
               
               
                 PIP5K3 
                 NM_001002881 
                 phosphatidylinositol-3- 
               
               
                 PIWIL2 
                 NM_018068 
                 piwi-like 2 
               
               
                 PJA2 
                 NM_014819 
                 praja 2, R1NG-H2 motif containing 
               
               
                 PKHD1 
                 NM_138694 
                 polyductin isoform 1 
               
               
                 PKIA 
                 NM_006823 
                 cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha 
               
               
                 PKNOX1 
                 NM_004571 
                 PBX/knotted 1 homeobox 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PKNOX2 
                 NM_022062 
                 PBX/knotted 1 homeobox 2 
               
               
                 PKP1 
                 NM_000299 
                 plakophilin 1 isoform 1b 
               
               
                 PKP2 
                 NM_001005242 
                 plakophilin 2 isoform 2a 
               
               
                 PKP4 
                 NM_001005476 
                 plakophilin 4 isoform b 
               
               
                 PLA2G2D 
                 NM_012400 
                 phospholipase A2, group IID 
               
               
                 PLA2G2F 
                 NM_022819 
                 phospholipase A2, group IIF 
               
               
                 PLA2G4D 
                 NM_178034 
                 phospholipase A2, group IVD 
               
               
                 PLA2G6 
                 NM_001004426 
                 phospholipase A2, group VI isoform b 
               
               
                 PLAC4 
                 NM_182832 
                 placenta-specific 4 
               
               
                 PLAG1 
                 NM_002655 
                 pleiomorphic adenoma gene 1 
               
               
                 PLAGL1 
                 NM_002656 
                 pleiomorphic adenoma gene-like 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PLAGL2 
                 NM_002657 
                 pleiomorphic adenoma gene-like 2 
               
               
                 PLB1 
                 NM_153021 
                 phospholipase B1 
               
               
                 PLCB1 
                 NM_015192 
                 phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C beta 1 
               
               
                 PLCD3 
                 NM_133373 
                 phospholipase C delta 3 
               
               
                 PLCE1 
                 NM_016341 
                 pancreas-enriched phospholipase C 
               
               
                 PLCG1 
                 NM_002660 
                 phospholipase C gamma 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 PLCXD3 
                 NM_001005473 
                 phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C, X 
               
               
                 PLDN 
                 NM_012388 
                 pallidin 
               
               
                 PLEK 
                 NM_002664 
                 pleckstrin 
               
               
                 PLEKHA1 
                 NM_001001974 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family A 
               
               
                 PLEKHA5 
                 NM_019012 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family A 
               
               
                 PLEKHA6 
                 NM_014935 
                 phosphoinositol 3-phosphate-binding protein-3 
               
               
                 PLEKHF1 
                 NM_024310 
                 apoptosis-inducing protein D 
               
               
                 PLEKHG5 
                 NM_020631 
                 putative NFkB activating protein isoform a 
               
               
                 PLEKHG6 
                 NM_018173 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family G 
               
               
                 PLEKHH2 
                 NM_172069 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family H 
               
               
                 PLEKHJ1 
                 NM_018049 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family J 
               
               
                 PLEKHK1 
                 NM_145307 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family K 
               
               
                 PLEKHM1 
                 NM_014798 
                 pleckstrin homology domain containing, family M 
               
               
                 PLEKHQ1 
                 NM_025201 
                 PH domain-containing protein 
               
               
                 PLIN 
                 NM_002666 
                 perilipin 
               
               
                 PLN 
                 NM_002667 
                 phospholamban 
               
               
                 PLOD1 
                 NM_000302 
                 lysyl hydroxylase precursor 
               
               
                 PLS1 
                 NM_002670 
                 plastin 1 
               
               
                 PLXDC1 
                 NM_020405 
                 plexin domain containing 1 precursor 
               
               
                 PLXNA1 
                 NM_032242 
                 plexin A1 
               
               
                 PLXNA3 
                 NM_017514 
                 plexin A3 
               
               
                 PMCHL1 
                 NM_031887 
                 pro-melanin-concentrating hormone-like 1 
               
               
                 PMF1 
                 NM_007221 
                 polyamine-modulated factor 1 
               
               
                 PML 
                 NM_033238 
                 promyelocytic leukemia protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 PNMA3 
                 NM_013364 
                 paraneoplastic cancer-testis-brain antigen 
               
               
                 PNOC 
                 NM_006228 
                 prepronociceptin 
               
               
                 PNRC2 
                 NM_017761 
                 proline-rich nuclear receptor coactivator 2 
               
               
                 PODXL 
                 NM_001018111 
                 podocalyxin-like precursor isoform 1 
               
               
                 POFUT1 
                 NM_015352 
                 protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 POFUT2 
                 NM_015227 
                 protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 isoform A 
               
               
                 POGZ 
                 NM_015100 
                 pogo transposable element with ZNF domain 
               
               
                 POLD3 
                 NM_006591 
                 polymerase (DNA directed), delta 3 
               
               
                 POLG 
                 NM_002693 
                 polymerase (DNA directed), gamma 
               
               
                 POLL 
                 NM_013274 
                 polymerase (DNA directed), lambda 
               
               
                 POLQ 
                 NM_199420 
                 DNA polymerase theta 
               
               
                 POLR2G 
                 NM_002696 
                 DNA directed RNA polymerase II polypeptide G 
               
               
                 POLR2J2 
                 NM_032958 
                 DNA directed RNA polymerase II polypeptide 
               
               
                 POLR3H 
                 NM_001018050 
                 polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide 
               
               
                 POLS 
                 NM_006999 
                 DNA polymerase sigma 
               
               
                 POMT1 
                 NM_007171 
                 protein-O-mannosyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 POMT2 
                 NM_013382 
                 putative protein O-mannosyltransferase 
               
               
                 POMZP3 
                 NM_012230 
                 POMZP3 fusion protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 PON2 
                 NM_000305 
                 paraoxonase 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 POTE14 
                 NM_001005356 
                 protein expressed in prostate, ovary, testis, 
               
               
                 POU2F1 
                 NM_002697 
                 POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 1 
               
               
                 POU4F1 
                 NM_006237 
                 POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 1 
               
               
                 POU6F1 
                 NM_002702 
                 POU domain, class 6, transcription factor 1 
               
               
                 PPAP2B 
                 NM_003713 
                 phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2B 
               
               
                 PPAPDC3 
                 NM_032728 
                 phosphatidic acid phosphatase type 2 domain 
               
               
                 PPARA 
                 NM_001001928 
                 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, 
               
               
                 PPARD 
                 NM_006238 
                 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, 
               
               
                 PPARG 
                 NM_005037 
                 peroxisome proliferative activated receptor 
               
               
                 PPEF2 
                 NM_152933 
                 serine/threonine protein phosphatase with 
               
               
                 PPFIA1 
                 NM_003626 
                 PTPRF interacting protein alpha 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 PPFIA4 
                 NM_015053 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, f 
               
               
                 PPGB 
                 NM_000308 
                 protective protein for beta-galactosidase 
               
               
                 PPIE 
                 NM_006112 
                 peptidylprolyl isomerase E isoform 1 
               
               
                 PPIL2 
                 NM_148175 
                 peptidylprolyl isomerase-like 2 isoform a 
               
               
                 PPL 
                 NM_002705 
                 periplakin 
               
               
                 PPM1A 
                 NM_021003 
                 protein phosphatase 1A isoform 1 
               
               
                 PPM1F 
                 NM_014634 
                 protein phosphatase 1F 
               
               
                 PPM1L 
                 NM_139245 
                 protein phosphatase 1 (formerly 2C)-like 
               
               
                 PPM1M 
                 NM_144641 
                 protein phosphatase 1M (PP2C domain containing) 
               
               
                 PPP1CC 
                 NM_002710 
                 protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, gamma 
               
               
                 PPP1R10 
                 NM_002714 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 10 
               
               
                 PPP1R11 
                 NM_021959 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) 
               
               
                 PPP1R12B 
                 NM_002481 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) 
               
               
                 PPP1R13B 
                 NM_015316 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) 
               
               
                 PPP1R14D 
                 NM_017726 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 14D 
               
               
                 PPP1R15B 
                 NM_032833 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory subunit 15B 
               
               
                 PPPIR16B 
                 NM_015568 
                 protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor 
               
               
                 PPP1R8 
                 NM_002713 
                 protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor 
               
               
                 PPP2R1B 
                 NM_002716 
                 beta isoform of regulatory subunit A, protein 
               
               
                 PPP2R2C 
                 NM_020416 
                 gamma isoform of regulatory subunit B55, protein 
               
               
                 PPP2R3A 
                 NM_002718 
                 protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B″, 
               
               
                 PPP2R4 
                 NM_021131 
                 protein phosphatase 2A, regulatory subunit B′ 
               
               
                 PPP2R5A 
                 NM_006243 
                 protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B 
               
               
                 PPP2R5C 
                 NM_002719 
                 gamma isoform of regulatory subunit B56, protein 
               
               
                 PPP2R5D 
                 NM_006245 
                 delta isoform of regulatory subunit B56, protein 
               
               
                 PPP3R1 
                 NM_000945 
                 protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit B, 
               
               
                 PPP3R2 
                 NM_147180 
                 protein phosphatase 3 regulatory subunit B, beta 
               
               
                 PPP4R1L 
                 NM_018498 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55370 
               
               
                 PPTC7 
                 NM_139283 
                 T-cell activation protein phosphatase 2C 
               
               
                 PQLC1 
                 NM_025078 
                 PQ loop repeat containing 1 
               
               
                 PRAP1 
                 NM_145202 
                 proline-rich acidic protein 1 
               
               
                 PRC1 
                 NM_003981 
                 protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PRDM13 
                 NM_021620 
                 PR domain containing 13 
               
               
                 PRDM16 
                 NM_022114 
                 PR domain containing 16 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PREB 
                 NM_013388 
                 prolactin regulatory element binding protein 
               
               
                 PREI3 
                 NM_015387 
                 preimplantation protein 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PRELP 
                 NM_002725 
                 proline arginine-rich end leucine-rich repeat 
               
               
                 PREP 
                 NM_002726 
                 prolyl endopeptidase 
               
               
                 PREPL 
                 NM_006036 
                 prolyl endopeptidase-like 
               
               
                 PRICKLE2 
                 NM_198859 
                 prickle-like 2 
               
               
                 PRIMA1 
                 NM_178013 
                 proline rich membrane anchor 1 
               
               
                 PRKACB 
                 NM_002731 
                 cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit 
               
               
                 PRKAG1 
                 NM_002733 
                 AMP-activated protein kinase, noncatalytic 
               
               
                 PRKAG3 
                 NM_017431 
                 AMP-activated protein kinase, non-catalytic 
               
               
                 PRKAR1B 
                 NM_002735 
                 protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, regulatory, type 
               
               
                 PRKCA 
                 NM_002737 
                 protein kinase C, alpha 
               
               
                 PRKCB1 
                 NM_002738 
                 protein kinase C, beta isoform 2 
               
               
                 PRKCE 
                 NM_005400 
                 protein kinase C, epsilon 
               
               
                 PRKCH 
                 NM_006255 
                 protein kinase C, eta 
               
               
                 PRKCQ 
                 NM_006257 
                 protein kinase C, theta 
               
               
                 PRKD1 
                 NM_002742 
                 protein kinase D1 
               
               
                 PRKD3 
                 NM_005813 
                 protein kinase D3 
               
               
                 PRKG2 
                 NM_006259 
                 protein kinase, cGMP-dependent, type II 
               
               
                 PRKRIP1 
                 NM_024653 
                 PRKR interacting protein 1 (IL11 inducible) 
               
               
                 PRKRIR 
                 NM_004705 
                 protein-kinase, interferon-inducible double 
               
               
                 PRKX 
                 NM_005044 
                 protein kinase, X-linked 
               
               
                 PRKY 
                 NM_002760 
                 protein kinase, Y-linked 
               
               
                 PRLR 
                 NM_000949 
                 prolactin receptor 
               
               
                 PRMT2 
                 NM_001535 
                 HMT1 hnRNP methyltransferase-like 1 
               
               
                 PRMT3 
                 NM_005788 
                 HMT1 hnRNP methyltransferase-like 3 
               
               
                 PRMT5 
                 NM_006109 
                 protein arginine methyltransferase 5 isoform a 
               
               
                 PRND 
                 NM_012409 
                 prion-like protein doppel preproprotein 
               
               
                 PROM2 
                 NM_144707 
                 prominin 2 
               
               
                 ProSAPiP1 
                 NM_014731 
                 ProSAPiP1 protein 
               
               
                 PROSC 
                 NM_007198 
                 proline synthetase co-transcribed homolog 
               
               
                 PROZ 
                 NM_003891 
                 protein Z, vitamin K-dependent plasma 
               
               
                 PRPF31 
                 NM_015629 
                 pre-mRNA processing factor 31 homolog 
               
               
                 PRPF38B 
                 NM_018061 
                 PRP38 pre-mRNA processing factor 38 (yeast) 
               
               
                 PRPS1 
                 NM_002764 
                 phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 
               
               
                 PRR11 
                 NM_018304 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55771 
               
               
                 PRSS21 
                 NM_006799 
                 testisin isoform 1 
               
               
                 PRSS7 
                 NM_002772 
                 enterokinase precursor 
               
               
                 PRSS8 
                 NM_002773 
                 prostasin preproprotein 
               
               
                 PRX 
                 NM_020956 
                 periaxin isoform 1 
               
               
                 PRY 
                 NM_004676 
                 PTPN13-like, Y-linked 
               
               
                 PRY2 
                 NM_001002758 
                 PTPN13-like, Y-linked 2 
               
               
                 PSCD3 
                 NM_004227 
                 pleckstrin homology, Sec7 and coiled/coil 
               
               
                 PSCD4 
                 NM_013385 
                 pleckstrin homology, Sec7 and coiled/coil 
               
               
                 PSD2 
                 NM_032289 
                 pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 2 
               
               
                 PSD3 
                 NM_015310 
                 ADP-ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide 
               
               
                 PSD4 
                 NM_012455 
                 pleckstrin and Sec7 domain containing 4 
               
               
                 PSKH1 
                 NM_006742 
                 protein serine kinase H1 
               
               
                 PSMD5 
                 NM_005047 
                 proteasome 26S non-ATPase subunit 5 
               
               
                 PSMD9 
                 NM_002813 
                 proteasome 26S non-ATPase subunit 9 
               
               
                 PSME1 
                 NM_006263 
                 proteasome activator subunit 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PSME3 
                 NM_005789 
                 proteasome activator subunit 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PSRC2 
                 NM_144982 
                 hypothetical protein LOC196441 
               
               
                 PTGER4 
                 NM_000958 
                 prostaglandin E receptor 4, subtype EP4 
               
               
                 PTGES2 
                 NM_025072 
                 prostaglandin E synthase 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PTGFR 
                 NM_000959 
                 prostaglandin F receptor isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 PTGFRN 
                 NM_020440 
                 prostaglandin F2 receptor negative regulator 
               
               
                 PTGIR 
                 NM_000960 
                 prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) receptor (IP) 
               
               
                 PTGIS 
                 NM_000961 
                 prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) synthase 
               
               
                 PTGS1 
                 NM_000962 
                 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PTK6 
                 NM_005975 
                 PTK6 protein tyrosine kinase 6 
               
               
                 PTK7 
                 NM_152883 
                 PTK7 protein tyrosine kinase 7 isoform e 
               
               
                 PTOV1 
                 NM_017432 
                 prostate tumor overexpressed gene 1 
               
               
                 PTPDC1 
                 NM_152422 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PTPLAD2 
                 NM_001010915 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401494 
               
               
                 PTPLB 
                 NM_198402 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase-like (proline 
               
               
                 PTPN2 
                 NM_080422 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 
               
               
                 PTPN5 
                 NM_032781 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 
               
               
                 PTPRE 
                 NM_006504 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, E 
               
               
                 PTPRG 
                 NM_002841 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, G 
               
               
                 PTPRM 
                 NM_002845 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, M 
               
               
                 PTPRN 
                 NM_002846 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, N 
               
               
                 PTPRR 
                 NM_002849 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, R 
               
               
                 PTPRT 
                 NM_007050 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, T 
               
               
                 PTPRU 
                 NM_005704 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, U 
               
               
                 PTPRZ1 
                 NM_002851 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor-type, 
               
               
                 PTRF 
                 NM_012232 
                 polymerase I and transcript release factor 
               
               
                 PTRH1 
                 NM_001002913 
                 hypothetical protein LOC138428 
               
               
                 PUM1 
                 NM_001020658 
                 pumilio 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PURB 
                 NM_033224 
                 purine-rich element binding protein B 
               
               
                 PURG 
                 NM_001015508 
                 purine-rich element binding protein G isoform B 
               
               
                 PUS7L 
                 NM_031292 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83448 
               
               
                 PVR 
                 NM_006505 
                 poliovirus receptor 
               
               
                 PVRL2 
                 NM_002856 
                 poliovirus receptor-related 2 (herpesvirus entry 
               
               
                 PXMP4 
                 NM_007238 
                 peroxisomal membrane protein 4 isoform a 
               
               
                 PXN 
                 NM_002859 
                 paxillin 
               
               
                 PYDC1 
                 NM_152901 
                 pyrin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 PYGO2 
                 NM_138300 
                 pygopus homolog 2 
               
               
                 RAB10 
                 NM_016131 
                 ras-related GTP-binding protein RAB10 
               
               
                 RAB11FIP2 
                 NM_014904 
                 RAB11 family interacting protein 2 (class I) 
               
               
                 RAB11FIP4 
                 NM_032932 
                 RAB11 family interacting protein 4 (class II) 
               
               
                 RAB14 
                 NM_016322 
                 GTPase Rab14 
               
               
                 RAB17 
                 NM_022449 
                 RAB17, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB1B 
                 NM_030981 
                 RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB21 
                 NM_014999 
                 RAB21, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB26 
                 NM_014353 
                 RAB26, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB30 
                 NM_014488 
                 RAB30, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB31 
                 NM_006868 
                 RAB31, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB34 
                 NM_031934 
                 RAB39 
               
               
                 RAB35 
                 NM_006861 
                 RAB35, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB36 
                 NM_004914 
                 RAB36, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB39B 
                 NM_171998 
                 RAB39B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB3B 
                 NM_002867 
                 RAB3B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB3C 
                 NM_138453 
                 RAB3C, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB3IL1 
                 NM_013401 
                 RAB3A interacting protein (rabin3)-like 1 
               
               
                 RAB43 
                 NM_198490 
                 RAB43 protein 
               
               
                 RAB4A 
                 NM_004578 
                 RAB4A, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB5B 
                 NM_002868 
                 RAB5B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB6B 
                 NM_016577 
                 RAB6B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB6IP2 
                 NM_015064 
                 RAB6-interacting protein 2 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 RAB7B 
                 NM_177403 
                 RAB7B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAB8B 
                 NM_016530 
                 RAB8B, member RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RABIF 
                 NM_002871 
                 RAB-interacting factor 
               
               
                 RABL3 
                 NM_173825 
                 RAB, member of RAS oncogene family-like 3 
               
               
                 RABL5 
                 NM_022777 
                 RAB, member RAS oncogene family-like 5 
               
               
                 RAC2 
                 NM_002872 
                 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 
               
               
                 RAD23B 
                 NM_002874 
                 UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog B 
               
               
                 RAD50 
                 NM_005732 
                 RAD50 homolog isoform 1 
               
               
                 RAD51 
                 NM_002875 
                 RAD51 homolog protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 RAD51L3 
                 NM_002878 
                 RAD51-like 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RAD9A 
                 NM_004584 
                 RAD9 homolog 
               
               
                 RAD9B 
                 NM_152442 
                 RAD9 homolog B 
               
               
                 RAE1 
                 NM_001015885 
                 RAE1 (RNA export 1,  S. pombe ) homolog 
               
               
                 RAF1 
                 NM_002880 
                 v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 RAI14 
                 NM_015577 
                 retinoic acid induced 14 
               
               
                 RAI16 
                 NM_022749 
                 retinoic acid induced 16 
               
               
                 RAI17 
                 NM_020338 
                 retinoic acid induced 17 
               
               
                 RALB 
                 NM_002881 
                 v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog B 
               
               
                 RALGDS 
                 NM_006266 
                 ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator 
               
               
                 RALGPS1 
                 NM_014636 
                 Ral GEF with PH domain and SH3 binding motif 1 
               
               
                 RALGPS2 
                 NM_152663 
                 Ral GEF with PH domain and SH3 binding motif 2 
               
               
                 RALY 
                 NM_007367 
                 RNA binding protein (autoantigenic, 
               
               
                 RANBP10 
                 NM_020850 
                 RAN binding protein 10 
               
               
                 RANBP17 
                 NM_022897 
                 RAN binding protein 17 
               
               
                 RANBP3 
                 NM_003624 
                 RAN binding protein 3 isoform RANBP3-a 
               
               
                 RANGAP1 
                 NM_002883 
                 Ran GTPase activating protein 1 
               
               
                 RAP1GAP 
                 NM_002885 
                 RAP1, GTPase activating protein 1 
               
               
                 RAP2B 
                 NM_002886 
                 RAP2B, member of RAS oncogene family 
               
               
                 RAPGEF6 
                 NM_016340 
                 PDZ domain-containing guanine nucleotide 
               
               
                 RAPH1 
                 NM_213589 
                 Ras association and pleckstrin homology domains 
               
               
                 RARA 
                 NM_000964 
                 retinoic acid receptor, alpha isoform a 
               
               
                 RARB 
                 NM_000965 
                 retinoic acid receptor, beta isoform 1 
               
               
                 RARG 
                 NM_000966 
                 retinoic acid receptor, gamma 
               
               
                 RASA3 
                 NM_007368 
                 RAS p21 protein activator 3 
               
               
                 RASA4 
                 NM_006989 
                 RAS p21 protein activator 4 
               
               
                 RASD2 
                 NM_014310 
                 RASD family, member 2 
               
               
                 RASGEF1A 
                 NM_145313 
                 RasGEF domain family, member 1A 
               
               
                 RASGEF1C 
                 NM_001031799 
                 RasGEF domain family, member 1C isoform 2 
               
               
                 RASGRP3 
                 NM_170672 
                 RAS guanyl releasing protein 3 (calcium and 
               
               
                 RASGRP4 
                 NM_170604 
                 RAS guanyl releasing protein 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RASL10B 
                 NM_033315 
                 RAS-like, family 10, member B 
               
               
                 RASL12 
                 NM_016563 
                 RAS-like, family 12 protein 
               
               
                 RASSF2 
                 NM_014737 
                 Ras association domain family 2 
               
               
                 RASSF5 
                 NM_031437 
                 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family 5 
               
               
                 RASSF6 
                 NM_177532 
                 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family 6 
               
               
                 RASSF7 
                 NM_003475 
                 Ras association (RalGDS/AF-6) domain family 7 
               
               
                 RBAK 
                 NM_021163 
                 RB-associated KRAB repressor 
               
               
                 RBBP5 
                 NM_005057 
                 retinoblastoma binding protein 5 
               
               
                 RBJ 
                 NM_016544 
                 Ras-associated protein Rap1 
               
               
                 RBM12 
                 NM_006047 
                 RNA binding motif protein 12 
               
               
                 RBM13 
                 NM_032509 
                 RNA binding motif protein 13 
               
               
                 RBM15B 
                 NM_013286 
                 RNA binding motif protein 15B 
               
               
                 RBM17 
                 NM_032905 
                 RNA binding motif protein 17 
               
               
                 RBM19 
                 NM_016196 
                 RNA binding motif protein 19 
               
               
                 RBM23 
                 NM_018107 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55147 
               
               
                 RBM24 
                 NM_153020 
                 hypothetical protein LOC221662 
               
               
                 RBM28 
                 NM_018077 
                 RNA binding motif protein 28 
               
               
                 RBM33 
                 NM_001008408 
                 hypothetical protein LOC155435 
               
               
                 RBP2 
                 NM_004164 
                 retinol binding protein 2, cellular 
               
               
                 RBP5 
                 NM_031491 
                 retinol binding protein 5, cellular 
               
               
                 RBPMS2 
                 NM_194272 
                 RNA binding protein with multiple splicing 2 
               
               
                 RCC2 
                 NM_018715 
                 RCC1-like 
               
               
                 RDH11 
                 NM_016026 
                 androgen-regulated short-chain 
               
               
                 RDH12 
                 NM_152443 
                 retinol dehydrogenase 12 (all-trans and 9-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH13 
                 NM_138412 
                 retinol dehydrogenase 13 (all-trans and 9-cis) 
               
               
                 RDH5 
                 NM_002905 
                 retinol dehydrogenase 5 (11-cis and 9-cis) 
               
               
                 RECK 
                 NM_021111 
                 RECK protein precursor 
               
               
                 REEP5 
                 NM_005669 
                 receptor accessory protein 5 
               
               
                 RELN 
                 NM_005045 
                 reelin isoform a 
               
               
                 REM1 
                 NM_014012 
                 RAS-like GTP-binding protein REM 
               
               
                 REPIN1 
                 NM_013400 
                 replication initiator 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 REXO1L1 
                 NM_172239 
                 exonuclease GOR 
               
               
                 REXO4 
                 NM_020385 
                 XPMC2 prevents mitotic catastrophe 2 homolog 
               
               
                 RFP2 
                 NM_001007278 
                 ret finger protein 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RFX1 
                 NM_002918 
                 regulatory factor X1 
               
               
                 RGAG4 
                 NM_001024455 
                 retrotransposon gag domain containing 4 
               
               
                 RGL1 
                 NM_015149 
                 ral guanine nucleotide dissociation 
               
               
                 RGMB 
                 NM_001012761 
                 RGM domain family, member B isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 RGS11 
                 NM_003834 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 11 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RGS17 
                 NM_012419 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 17 
               
               
                 RGS3 
                 NM_021106 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RGS4 
                 NM_005613 
                 regulator of G-protein signaling 4 
               
               
                 RGS5 
                 NM_003617 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 5 
               
               
                 RGS6 
                 NM_004296 
                 regulator of G-protein signalling 6 
               
               
                 RGS9BP 
                 NM_207391 
                 RGS9 anchor protein 
               
               
                 RHBDL3 
                 NM_138328 
                 rhomboid, veinlet-like 3 
               
               
                 RHBG 
                 NM_020407 
                 Rhesus blood group, B glycoprotein 
               
               
                 RHEB 
                 NM_005614 
                 Ras homolog enriched in brain 
               
               
                 RHEBL1 
                 NM_144593 
                 Ras homolog enriched in brain like 1 
               
               
                 RHO 
                 NM_000539 
                 rhodopsin 
               
               
                 RHOBTB3 
                 NM_014899 
                 rho-related BTB domain containing 3 
               
               
                 RHOJ 
                 NM_020663 
                 TC10-like Rho GTPase 
               
               
                 RHOT1 
                 NM_001033567 
                 ras homolog gene family, member T1 isoform 4 
               
               
                 RHOT2 
                 NM_138769 
                 ras homolog gene family, member T2 
               
               
                 RHOU 
                 NM_021205 
                 ras homolog gene family, member U 
               
               
                 RHOV 
                 NM_133639 
                 ras homolog gene family, member V 
               
               
                 RIC3 
                 NM_024557 
                 resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 3 
               
               
                 RIC8B 
                 NM_018157 
                 resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8 
               
               
                 RICS 
                 NM_014715 
                 Rho GTPase-activating protein 
               
               
                 RILP 
                 NM_031430 
                 Rab interacting lysosomal protein 
               
               
                 RIMBP2 
                 NM_015347 
                 RIM-binding protein 2 
               
               
                 RIMS3 
                 NM_014747 
                 regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 3 
               
               
                 RIMS4 
                 NM_182970 
                 regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis 4 
               
               
                 RIN1 
                 NM_004292 
                 ras inhibitor RIN1 
               
               
                 RIP 
                 NM_001033002 
                 RPA interacting protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 RIPK4 
                 NM_015375 
                 receptor interacting protein kinase 5 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RKHD2 
                 NM_016626 
                 ring finger and KH domain containing 2 
               
               
                 RNASE11 
                 NM_145250 
                 ribonuclease, RNase A family, 11 (non-active) 
               
               
                 RNASEL 
                 NM_021133 
                 ribonuclease L 
               
               
                 RNF128 
                 NM_024539 
                 ring finger protein 128 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RNF144 
                 NM_014746 
                 ring finger protein 144 
               
               
                 RNF165 
                 NM_152470 
                 ring finger protein 165 
               
               
                 RNF182 
                 NM_152737 
                 ring finger protein 182 
               
               
                 RNF185 
                 NM_152267 
                 ring finger protein 185 
               
               
                 RNF19 
                 NM_015435 
                 ring finger protein 19 
               
               
                 RNF24 
                 NM_007219 
                 ring finger protein 24 
               
               
                 RNF31 
                 NM_017999 
                 ring finger protein 31 
               
               
                 RNF34 
                 NM_025126 
                 ring finger protein 34 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RNF38 
                 NM_022781 
                 ring finger protein 38 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RNF4 
                 NM_002938 
                 ring finger protein 4 
               
               
                 RNF40 
                 NM_014771 
                 ring finger protein 40 
               
               
                 RNF41 
                 NM_005785 
                 ring finger protein 41 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RNF44 
                 NM_014901 
                 ring finger protein 44 
               
               
                 RNF8 
                 NM_003958 
                 ring finger protein 8 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RNPC1 
                 NM_017495 
                 RNA-binding region containing protein 1 isoform 
               
               
                 ROD1 
                 NM_005156 
                 ROD1 regulator of differentiation 1 
               
               
                 ROGDI 
                 NM_024589 
                 leucine zipper domain protein 
               
               
                 RP11-19J3.3 
                 NM_001012267 
                 hypothetical protein LOC401541 
               
               
                 RP13-15M17.2 
                 NM_001010866 
                 hypothetical protein LOC199953 
               
               
                 RP1-32F7.2 
                 NM_173698 
                 hypothetical protein LOC286499 
               
               
                 RP13-360B22.2 
                 NM_032227 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84187 
               
               
                 RPH3A 
                 NM_014954 
                 rabphilin 3A homolog 
               
               
                 RPH3AL 
                 NM_006987 
                 rabphilin 3A-like (without C2 domains) 
               
               
                 RPIA 
                 NM_144563 
                 ribose 5-phosphate isomerase A (ribose 
               
               
                 RPL13A 
                 NM_012423 
                 ribosomal protein L13a 
               
               
                 RPL28 
                 NM_000991 
                 ribosomal protein L28 
               
               
                 RPL32 
                 NM_000994 
                 ribosomal protein L32 
               
               
                 RPL7L1 
                 NM_198486 
                 ribosomal protein L7-like 1 
               
               
                 RPS23 
                 NM_001025 
                 ribosomal protein S23 
               
               
                 RPS29 
                 NM_001030001 
                 ribosomal protein S29 isoform 2 
               
               
                 RPS6KA4 
                 NM_001006944 
                 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90 kDa, polypeptide 
               
               
                 RPS6KB1 
                 NM_003161 
                 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 kDa, polypeptide 
               
               
                 RPS6KL1 
                 NM_031464 
                 ribosomal protein S6 kinase-like 1 
               
               
                 RPUSD1 
                 NM_058192 
                 RNA pseudouridylate synthase domain containing 
               
               
                 RRAD 
                 NM_004165 
                 Ras-related associated with diabetes 
               
               
                 RRAS 
                 NM_006270 
                 related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 RRAS2 
                 NM_012250 
                 related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 2 
               
               
                 RSAD2 
                 NM_080657 
                 radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 
               
               
                 RSPO2 
                 NM_178565 
                 R-spondin family, member 2 
               
               
                 RSPO4 
                 NM_001029871 
                 R-spondin family, member 4 isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 RTF1 
                 NM_015138 
                 Paf1/RNA polymerase II complex component 
               
               
                 RTN4 
                 NM_007008 
                 reticulon 4 isoform C 
               
               
                 RTN4RL1 
                 NM_178568 
                 reticulon 4 receptor-like 1 
               
               
                 RUNX2 
                 NM_001015051 
                 runt-related transcription factor 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 RUNX3 
                 NM_001031680 
                 runt-related transcription factor 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 RUTBC1 
                 NM_014853 
                 RUN and TBC1 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 RWDD1 
                 NM_001007464 
                 RWD domain containing 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 RXRA 
                 NM_002957 
                 retinoid X receptor, alpha 
               
               
                 S100A7L1 
                 NM_176823 
                 S100 calcium binding protein A7-like 1 
               
               
                 S100PBP 
                 NM_022753 
                 S100P binding protein Riken isoform a 
               
               
                 SACM1L 
                 NM_014016 
                 suppressor of actin 1 
               
               
                 SAMD3 
                 NM_152552 
                 sterile alpha motif domain containing 3 isoform 
               
               
                 SAMD4B 
                 NM_018028 
                 sterile alpha motif domain containing 4B 
               
               
                 SAP30BP 
                 NM_013260 
                 transcriptional regulator protein 
               
               
                 SAPS2 
                 NM_014678 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9701 
               
               
                 SAR1A 
                 NM_020150 
                 SAR1a gene homolog 1 
               
               
                 SARM1 
                 NM_015077 
                 sterile alpha and TIR motif containing 1 
               
               
                 SART1 
                 NM_005146 
                 squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T 
               
               
                 SATB1 
                 NM_002971 
                 special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 
               
               
                 SATB2 
                 NM_015265 
                 SATB family member 2 
               
               
                 SAV1 
                 NM_021818 
                 WW45 protein 
               
               
                 SBK1 
                 NM_001024401 
                 SH3-binding domain kinase 1 
               
               
                 SCAMP5 
                 NM_138967 
                 secretory carrier membrane protein S 
               
               
                 SCARA3 
                 NM_016240 
                 scavenger receptor class A, member 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SCARA5 
                 NM_173833 
                 hypothetical protein LOC286133 
               
               
                 SCARF1 
                 NM_145349 
                 scavenger receptor class F, member 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 SCARF2 
                 NM_153334 
                 scavenger receptor class F, member 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SCCPDH 
                 NM_016002 
                 saccharopine dehydrogenase (putative) 
               
               
                 SCD 
                 NM_005063 
                 stearoyl-CoA desaturase 
               
               
                 SCMH1 
                 NM_001031694 
                 sex comb on midleg homolog 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SCML2 
                 NM_006089 
                 sex comb on midleg-like 2 
               
               
                 SCN1B 
                 NM_001037 
                 sodium channel, voltage-gated, type I, beta 
               
               
                 SCN2B 
                 NM_004588 
                 sodium channel, voltage-gated, type II, beta 
               
               
                 SCN3A 
                 NM_006922 
                 sodium channel, voltage-gated, type III, alpha 
               
               
                 SCN3B 
                 NM_018400 
                 voltage-gated sodium channel beta-3 subunit 
               
               
                 SCN4A 
                 NM_000334 
                 voltage-gated sodium channel type 4 alpha 
               
               
                 SCN4B 
                 NM_174934 
                 sodium channel, voltage-gated, type IV, beta 
               
               
                 SCN5A 
                 NM_000335 
                 voltage-gated sodium channel type V alpha 
               
               
                 SCNN1A 
                 NM_001038 
                 sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1 alpha 
               
               
                 SCNN1D 
                 NM_002978 
                 sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, delta 
               
               
                 SCNN1G 
                 NM_001039 
                 sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, gamma 
               
               
                 SCP2 
                 NM_001007098 
                 sterol carrier protein 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 SCRIB 
                 NM_015356 
                 scribble isoform b 
               
               
                 SCUBE3 
                 NM_152753 
                 signal peptide, CUB domain, EGF-like 3 
               
               
                 SDAD1 
                 NM_018115 
                 SDA1 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SDC1 
                 NM_001006946 
                 syndecan 1 precursor 
               
               
                 SDHC 
                 NM_003001 
                 succinate dehydrogenase complex, subunit C 
               
               
                 SDK2 
                 NM_019064 
                 sidekick 2 
               
               
                 SEC13L1 
                 NM_030673 
                 SEC13-like 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 SEC31L2 
                 NM_015490 
                   S. cerevisiae  SEC3 1-like 2 isoform a 
               
               
                 SEC61A1 
                 NM_013336 
                 Sec6l alpha 1 subunit 
               
               
                 SEH1L 
                 NM_031216 
                 sec13-like protein isoform 2 
               
               
                 SELPLG 
                 NM_003006 
                 selectin P ligand 
               
               
                 SEMA3E 
                 NM_012431 
                 semaphorin 3E 
               
               
                 SEMA3G 
                 NM_020163 
                 semaphorin sem2 
               
               
                 SEMA4B 
                 NM_020210 
                 semaphorin 4B precursor 
               
               
                 SEMA4C 
                 NM_017789 
                 semaphorin 4C 
               
               
                 SEMA4D 
                 NM_006378 
                 semaphorin 4D 
               
               
                 SEMA4F 
                 NM_004263 
                 semaphorin W 
               
               
                 SEMA4G 
                 NM_017893 
                 semaphorin 4G 
               
               
                 SEMA5A 
                 NM_003966 
                 semaphorin 5A 
               
               
                 SEMA6A 
                 NM_020796 
                 sema domain, transmembrane domain (TM), and 
               
               
                 SEMA6C 
                 NM_030913 
                 semaphorin Y 
               
               
                 SEMA6D 
                 NM_020858 
                 semaphorin 6D isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 SENP2 
                 NM_021627 
                 SUMO1/sentrin/SMT3 specific protease 2 
               
               
                 SENP3 
                 NM_015670 
                 SUMO1/sentrin/SMT3 specific protease 3 
               
               
                 SENP6 
                 NM_015571 
                 SUMO1/sentrin specific protease 6 
               
               
                 SEPN1 
                 NM_020451 
                 selenoprotein N, 1 isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 SEPT1 
                 NM_052838 
                 septin 1 
               
               
                 SEPT11 
                 NM_018243 
                 septin 11 
               
               
                 SEPT3 
                 NM_019106 
                 septin 3 isoform B 
               
               
                 SEPT4 
                 NM_004574 
                 septin 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SEPT6 
                 NM_145800 
                 septin 6 isoform A 
               
               
                 SEPT9 
                 NM_006640 
                 septin 9 
               
               
                 SERINC1 
                 NM_020755 
                 tumor differentially expressed 2 
               
               
                 SERPINB2 
                 NM_002575 
                 serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade 
               
               
                 SERPINB5 
                 NM_002639 
                 serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade 
               
               
                 SERPINB8 
                 NM_002640 
                 serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade 
               
               
                 SERPINE1 
                 NM_000602 
                 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 
               
               
                 SERPINF2 
                 NM_000934 
                 alpha-2-plasmin inhibitor 
               
               
                 SESN2 
                 NM_031459 
                 sestrin 2 
               
               
                 SETD4 
                 NM_001007258 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54093 isoform b 
               
               
                 SF3A2 
                 NM_007165 
                 splicing factor 3a, subunit 2 
               
               
                 SF3B3 
                 NM_012426 
                 splicing factor 3b, subunit 3 
               
               
                 SFRS8 
                 NM_152235 
                 splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 8 isoform 
               
               
                 SFT2D3 
                 NM_032740 
                 SFT2 domain containing 3 
               
               
                 SFTPA2 
                 NM_006926 
                 surfactant, pulmonary-associated protein A2 
               
               
                 SFXN2 
                 NM_178858 
                 sideroflexin 2 
               
               
                 SFXN3 
                 NM_030971 
                 sideroflexin 3 
               
               
                 SFXN5 
                 NM_144579 
                 sideroflexin 5 
               
               
                 SGPP1 
                 NM_030791 
                 sphingosine-1-phosphatase 
               
               
                 SGSH 
                 NM_000199 
                 N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (sulfamidase) 
               
               
                 SGTA 
                 NM_003021 
                 small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide 
               
               
                 SH3BGRL2 
                 NM_031469 
                 SH3 domain binding glutamic acid-rich protein 
               
               
                 SH3BP2 
                 NM_003023 
                 SH3-domain binding protein 2 
               
               
                 SH3BP4 
                 NM_014521 
                 SH3-domain binding protein 4 
               
               
                 SH3GL1 
                 NM_003025 
                 SH3-domain GRB2-like 1 
               
               
                 SH3PX3 
                 NM_153271 
                 SH3 and PX domain containing 3 
               
               
                 SH3PXD2A 
                 NM_014631 
                 SH3 multiple domains 1 
               
               
                 SH3PXD2B 
                 NM_001017995 
                 SH3 and PX domains 2B 
               
               
                 SH3TC2 
                 NM_024577 
                 SH3 domain and tetratricopeptide repeats 2 
               
               
                 SHANK2 
                 NM_012309 
                 SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains 2 
               
               
                 SHC4 
                 NM_203349 
                 rai-like protein 
               
               
                 SHE 
                 NM_001010846 
                 Src homology 2 domain containing E 
               
               
                 SHKBP1 
                 NM_138392 
                 SH3KBP1 binding protein 1 
               
               
                 SHMT1 
                 NM_004169 
                 serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (soluble) 
               
               
                 SHOC2 
                 NM_007373 
                 soc-2 suppressor of clear homolog 
               
               
                 SHOX 
                 NM_006883 
                 short stature homeobox isoform b 
               
               
                 SIAE 
                 NM_170601 
                 cytosolic sialic acid 9-O-acetylesterase 
               
               
                 SIDT1 
                 NM_017699 
                 SID1 transmembrane family, member 1 
               
               
                 SIGLEC11 
                 NM_052884 
                 sialic acid binding Ig-like lectin 11 
               
               
                 SIM2 
                 NM_009586 
                 single-minded homolog 2 short isoform 
               
               
                 SIPA1 
                 NM_006747 
                 signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 
               
               
                 SIRPA 
                 NM_080792 
                 signal-regulatory protein alpha precursor 
               
               
                 SIRPB1 
                 NM_006065 
                 signal-regulatory protein beta 1 precursor 
               
               
                 SIRT1 
                 NM_012238 
                 sirtuin 1 
               
               
                 SIRT5 
                 NM_031244 
                 sirtuin 5 isoform 2 
               
               
                 SIRT6 
                 NM_016539 
                 sirtuin 6 
               
               
                 SIT1 
                 NM_014450 
                 SHP2-interacting transmembrane adaptor protein 
               
               
                 SIX5 
                 NM_175875 
                 sine oculis homeobox homolog 5 
               
               
                 SKI 
                 NM_003036 
                 v-ski sarcoma viral oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 SKIP 
                 NM_016532 
                 skeletal muscle and kidney enriched inositol 
               
               
                 SLAMF6 
                 NM_052931 
                 activating NK receptor precursor 
               
               
                 SLC10A2 
                 NM_000452 
                 solute carrier family 10 (sodium/bile acid 
               
               
                 SLC12A2 
                 NM_001046 
                 solute carrier family 12 
               
               
                 SLC12A7 
                 NM_006598 
                 solute carrier family 12 (potassium/chloride 
               
               
                 SLC15A2 
                 NM_021082 
                 solute carrier family 15 (H+/peptide 
               
               
                 SLC16A1 
                 NM_003051 
                 solute carrier family 16, member 1 
               
               
                 SLC16A14 
                 NM_152527 
                 solute carrier family 16 (monocarboxylic acid 
               
               
                 SLC16A2 
                 NM_006517 
                 solute carrier family 16, member 2 
               
               
                 SLC16A8 
                 NM_013356 
                 solute carrier family 16, member 8 
               
               
                 SLC17A4 
                 NM_005495 
                 solute carrier family 17 (sodium phosphate), 
               
               
                 SLC18A1 
                 NM_003053 
                 solute carrier family 18 (vesicular monoamine), 
               
               
                 SLC19A2 
                 NM_006996 
                 solute carrier family 19, member 2 
               
               
                 SLC1A4 
                 NM_003038 
                 solute carrier family 1, member 4 
               
               
                 SLC22A12 
                 NM_144585 
                 urate anion exchanger 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 SLC22A15 
                 NM_018420 
                 solute carrier family 22 (organic cation 
               
               
                 SLC22A3 
                 NM_021977 
                 solute carrier family 22 member 3 
               
               
                 SLC22A7 
                 NM_006672 
                 solute carrier family 22 member 7 isoform a 
               
               
                 SLC22A9 
                 NM_080866 
                 solute carrier family 22 (organic anion/cation 
               
               
                 SLC24A6 
                 NM_024959 
                 solute carrier family 24 member 6 
               
               
                 SLC25A13 
                 NM_014251 
                 solute carrier family 25, member 13 (citrin) 
               
               
                 SLC25A17 
                 NM_006358 
                 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; 
               
               
                 SLC25A22 
                 NM_024698 
                 mitochondrial glutamate carrier 1 
               
               
                 SLC25A23 
                 NM_024103 
                 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; 
               
               
                 SLC25A34 
                 NM_207348 
                 solute carrier family 25, member 34 
               
               
                 SLC26A1 
                 NM_022042 
                 solute carrier family 26, member 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 SLC26A10 
                 NM_133489 
                 solute carrier family 26, member 10 isoform 2 
               
               
                 SLC26A2 
                 NM_000112 
                 solute carrier family 26 member 2 
               
               
                 SLC26A7 
                 NM_052832 
                 solute carrier family 26, member 7 isoform a 
               
               
                 SLC26A9 
                 NM_052934 
                 solute carrier family 26, member 9 isoform a 
               
               
                 SLC27A4 
                 NM_005094 
                 solute carrier family 27 (fatty acid 
               
               
                 SLC29A1 
                 NM_004955 
                 solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside 
               
               
                 SLC29A3 
                 NM_018344 
                 solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside 
               
               
                 SLC29A4 
                 NM_153247 
                 solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside 
               
               
                 SLC2A12 
                 NM_145176 
                 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose 
               
               
                 SLC2A13 
                 NM_052885 
                 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose 
               
               
                 SLC2A4RG 
                 NM_020062 
                 SLC2A4 regulator 
               
               
                 SLC2A8 
                 NM_014580 
                 solute carrier family 2, (facilitated glucose 
               
               
                 SLC30A10 
                 NM_001004433 
                 solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC30A2 
                 NM_001004434 
                 solute carrier family 30, member 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SLC30A3 
                 NM_003459 
                 solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC30A4 
                 NM_013309 
                 solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC30A7 
                 NM_133496 
                 zinc transporter like 2 
               
               
                 SLC30A9 
                 NM_006345 
                 solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC31A2 
                 NM_001860 
                 solute carrier family 31 (copper transporters), 
               
               
                 SLC35D2 
                 NM_007001 
                 solute carrier family 35, member D2 
               
               
                 SLC36A1 
                 NM_078483 
                 solute carrier family 36 member 1 
               
               
                 SLC37A2 
                 NM_198277 
                 solute carrier family 37 (glycerol-3-phosphate 
               
               
                 SLC37A3 
                 NM_207113 
                 solute carrier family 37 (glycerol-3-phosphate 
               
               
                 SLC38A1 
                 NM_030674 
                 amino acid transporter system A1 
               
               
                 SLC38A4 
                 NM_018018 
                 solute carrier family 38, member 4 
               
               
                 SLC39A10 
                 NM_020342 
                 solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC39A13 
                 NM_152264 
                 solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC39A14 
                 NM_015359 
                 solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC39A3 
                 NM_213568 
                 solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC43A2 
                 NM_152346 
                 solute carrier family 43, member 2 
               
               
                 SLC44A2 
                 NM_020428 
                 CTL2 protein 
               
               
                 SLC45A3 
                 NM_033102 
                 prostein 
               
               
                 SLC4A2 
                 NM_003040 
                 solute carrier family 4, anion exchanger, member 
               
               
                 SLC4A7 
                 NM_003615 
                 solute carrier family 4, sodium bicarbonate 
               
               
                 SLC5A10 
                 NM_152351 
                 solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose 
               
               
                 SLC5A12 
                 NM_178498 
                 solute carrier family 5 (sodium/glucose 
               
               
                 SLC5A8 
                 NM_145913 
                 solute carrier family 5 (iodide transporter), 
               
               
                 SLC6A1 
                 NM_003042 
                 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter 
               
               
                 SLC6A12 
                 NM_003044 
                 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter 
               
               
                 SLC6A14 
                 NM_007231 
                 solute carrier family 6 (amino acid 
               
               
                 SLC6A17 
                 NM_001010898 
                 solute carrier family 6, member 17 
               
               
                 SLC6A3 
                 NM_001044 
                 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter 
               
               
                 SLC6A6 
                 NM_003043 
                 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter 
               
               
                 SLC6A9 
                 NM_001024845 
                 solute carrier family 6 member 9 isoform 3 
               
               
                 SLC7A1 
                 NM_003045 
                 solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid 
               
               
                 SLC7A10 
                 NM_019849 
                 solute carrier family 7, member 10 
               
               
                 SLC7A2 
                 NM_001008539 
                 solute carrier family 7, member 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SLC7A6 
                 NM_003983 
                 solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid 
               
               
                 SLC7A6OS 
                 NM_032178 
                 solute carrier family 7, member 6 opposite 
               
               
                 SLC7A8 
                 NM_012244 
                 solute carrier family 7 (cationic amino acid 
               
               
                 SLC8A3 
                 NM_033262 
                 solute carrier family 8 member 3 isoform A 
               
               
                 SLC9A3R1 
                 NM_004252 
                 solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen 
               
               
                 SLC9A8 
                 NM_015266 
                 Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 8 
               
               
                 SLCO1C1 
                 NM_017435 
                 solute carrier organic anion transporter family, 
               
               
                 SLCO2A1 
                 NM_005630 
                 solute carrier organic anion transporter family, 
               
               
                 SLCO3A1 
                 NM_013272 
                 solute carrier organic anion transporter family, 
               
               
                 SLFN5 
                 NM_144975 
                 schlafen family member 5 
               
               
                 SMAD3 
                 NM_005902 
                 MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 
               
               
                 SMAD5 
                 NM_001001419 
                 SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 5 
               
               
                 SMAD7 
                 NM_005904 
                 MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 7 
               
               
                 SMAP1 
                 NM_021940 
                 stromal membrane-associated protein 
               
               
                 SMARCAD1 
                 NM_020159 
                 SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated 
               
               
                 SMARCC1 
                 NM_003074 
                 SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated 
               
               
                 SMC1L1 
                 NM_006306 
                 SMC1 structural maintenance of chromosomes 
               
               
                 SMCY 
                 NM_004653 
                 Smcy homolog, Y-linked 
               
               
                 SMO 
                 NM_005631 
                 smoothened 
               
               
                 SMOC1 
                 NM_022137 
                 secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 
               
               
                 SMOX 
                 NM_175839 
                 polyamine oxidase isoform 1 
               
               
                 SMPD1 
                 NM_000543 
                 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid 
               
               
                 SMPD3 
                 NM_018667 
                 sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3, neutral 
               
               
                 SMTN 
                 NM_134270 
                 smoothelin isoform a 
               
               
                 SMTNL2 
                 NM_198501 
                 hypothetical protein LOC342527 
               
               
                 SMURF1 
                 NM_020429 
                 Smad ubiguitination regulatory factor 1 isoform 
               
               
                 SMYD1 
                 NM_198274 
                 SET and MYND domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SNAI1 
                 NM_005985 
                 snail 1 homolog 
               
               
                 SNAI3 
                 NM_178310 
                 snail homolog 3 
               
               
                 SNAP25 
                 NM_003081 
                 synaptosomal-associated protein 25 isoform 
               
               
                 SNAP29 
                 NM_004782 
                 synaptosomal-associated protein 29 
               
               
                 SNAPC1 
                 NM_003082 
                 small nuclear RNA activating complex, 
               
               
                 SNAPC2 
                 NM_003083 
                 small nuclear RNA activating complex, 
               
               
                 SNCA 
                 NM_000345 
                 alpha-synuclein isoform NACP140 
               
               
                 SNCG 
                 NM_003087 
                 synuclein, gamma (breast cancer-specific protein 
               
               
                 SND1 
                 NM_014390 
                 staphylococcal nuclease domain containing 1 
               
               
                 SNF1LK2 
                 NM_015191 
                 SNF1-like kinase 2 
               
               
                 SNPH 
                 NM_014723 
                 syntaphilin 
               
               
                 SNTA1 
                 NM_003098 
                 acidic alpha 1 syntrophin 
               
               
                 SNURF 
                 NM_005678 
                 SNRPN upstream reading frame protein 
               
               
                 SNX1 
                 NM_003099 
                 sorting nexin 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 SNX10 
                 NM_013322 
                 sorting nexin 10 
               
               
                 SNX13 
                 NM_015132 
                 sorting nexin 13 
               
               
                 SNX15 
                 NM_013306 
                 sorting nexin 15 isoform A 
               
               
                 SNX19 
                 NM_014758 
                 sorting nexin 19 
               
               
                 SNX4 
                 NM_003794 
                 sorting nexin 4 
               
               
                 SNX9 
                 NM_016224 
                 sorting nexin 9 
               
               
                 SOCS3 
                 NM_003955 
                 suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 
               
               
                 SOCS4 
                 NM_080867 
                 suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 
               
               
                 SOD3 
                 NM_003102 
                 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular 
               
               
                 SORBS1 
                 NM_015385 
                 sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 SORCS2 
                 NM_020777 
                 VPS10 domain receptor protein SORCS 2 
               
               
                 SOST 
                 NM_025237 
                 sclerostin precursor 
               
               
                 SOX10 
                 NM_006941 
                 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 10 
               
               
                 SOX4 
                 NM_003107 
                 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 4 
               
               
                 SOX6 
                 NM_017508 
                 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 6 isoform 1 
               
               
                 SOX9 
                 NM_000346 
                 transcription factor SOX9 
               
               
                 SP1 
                 NM_138473 
                 Sp1 transcription factor 
               
               
                 SP2 
                 NM_003110 
                 Sp2 transcription factor 
               
               
                 SP7 
                 NM_152860 
                 osterix 
               
               
                 SPAG11 
                 NM_058200 
                 sperm associated antigen 11 isoform G precursor 
               
               
                 SPARC 
                 NM_003118 
                 secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich 
               
               
                 SPATA12 
                 NM_181727 
                 spermatogenesis associated 12 
               
               
                 SPATA2 
                 NM_006038 
                 spermatogenesis associated 2 
               
               
                 SPATA20 
                 NM_022827 
                 sperm protein SSP411 
               
               
                 SPATA3 
                 NM_139073 
                 testis and spermatogenesis cell apoptosis 
               
               
                 SPBC24 
                 NM_182513 
                 spindle pole body component 24 homolog 
               
               
                 SPCS2 
                 NM_014752 
                 signal peptidase complex subunit 2 homolog 
               
               
                 SPDEF 
                 NM_012391 
                 SAM pointed domain containing ets transcription 
               
               
                 SPEN 
                 NM_015001 
                 spen homolog, transcriptional regulator 
               
               
                 SPFH1 
                 NM_006459 
                 SPFH domain family, member 1 
               
               
                 SPG21 
                 NM_016630 
                 acid cluster protein 33 
               
               
                 SPG7 
                 NM_003119 
                 paraplegin isoform 1 
               
               
                 SPI1 
                 NM_003120 
                 spleen focus forming virus (SFFV) proviral 
               
               
                 SPINK2 
                 NM_021114 
                 serine protease inhibitor, Kazal type 2 
               
               
                 SPINK5 
                 NM_006846 
                 serine peptidase inhibitor, Kazal type 5 
               
               
                 SPINLW1 
                 NM_020398 
                 serine peptidase inhibitor-like, with Kunitz and 
               
               
                 SPN 
                 NM_001030288 
                 sialophorin 
               
               
                 SPOCK1 
                 NM_004598 
                 sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains 
               
               
                 SPOCK2 
                 NM_014767 
                 sparc/osteonectin, cwcv and kazal-like domains 
               
               
                 SPON1 
                 NM_006108 
                 spondin 1, extracellular matrix protein 
               
               
                 SPOP 
                 NM_001007226 
                 speckle-type POZ protein 
               
               
                 SPP1 
                 NM_000582 
                 secreted phosphoprotein 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 SPPL3 
                 NM_139015 
                 SPPL3 protein 
               
               
                 SPRN 
                 NM_001012508 
                 shadow of prion protein 
               
               
                 SPRR2A 
                 NM_005988 
                 small proline-rich protein 2A 
               
               
                 SPRR2B 
                 NM_001017418 
                 small proline-rich protein 2B 
               
               
                 SPRR2D 
                 NM_006945 
                 small proline-rich protein 2D 
               
               
                 SPRR2F 
                 NM_001014450 
                 small proline-rich protein 2F 
               
               
                 SPRY1 
                 NM_005841 
                 sprouty homolog 1, antagonist of FGF signaling 
               
               
                 SPRY3 
                 NM_005840 
                 sprouty homolog 3 
               
               
                 SPRYD4 
                 NM_207344 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283377 
               
               
                 SPSB3 
                 NM_080861 
                 SPRY domain-containing SOCS box protein SSB-3 
               
               
                 SPSB4 
                 NM_080862 
                 SPRY domain-containing SOCS box protein SSB-4 
               
               
                 SPTB 
                 NM_001024858 
                 spectrin beta isoform a 
               
               
                 SPTBN2 
                 NM_006946 
                 spectrin, beta, non-erythrocytic 2 
               
               
                 SPTLC2 
                 NM_004863 
                 serine palmitoyltransferase, long chain base 
               
               
                 SPTY2D1 
                 NM_194285 
                 hypothetical protein LOC144108 
               
               
                 SRC 
                 NM_005417 
                 proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase SRC 
               
               
                 SRF 
                 NM_003131 
                 serum response factor (c-fos serum response 
               
               
                 SRGAP1 
                 NM_020762 
                 SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 1 
               
               
                 SRGAP2 
                 NM_015326 
                 SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 2 
               
               
                 SRGAP3 
                 NM_001033116 
                 SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase activating protein 3 
               
               
                 SRPR 
                 NM_003139 
                 signal recognition particle receptor (′docking 
               
               
                 SRR 
                 NM_021947 
                 serine racemase 
               
               
                 SRXN1 
                 NM_080725 
                 sulfiredoxin 1 homolog 
               
               
                 SSR2 
                 NM_003145 
                 signal sequence receptor, beta precursor 
               
               
                 SSR3 
                 NM_007107 
                 signal sequence receptor gamma subunit 
               
               
                 SSTR2 
                 NM_001050 
                 somatostatin receptor 2 
               
               
                 SSX2IP 
                 NM_014021 
                 synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 2 interacting 
               
               
                 SSX5 
                 NM_021015 
                 synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 5 isoform a 
               
               
                 SSX6 
                 NM_173357 
                 synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 6 
               
               
                 ST18 
                 NM_014682 
                 suppression of tumorigenicity 18 
               
               
                 ST3GAL3 
                 NM_006279 
                 sialyltransferase 6 isoform j 
               
               
                 ST6GAL1 
                 NM_003032 
                 sialyltransferase 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 ST6GALNAC4 
                 NM_175039 
                 sialyltransferase 7D isoform a 
               
               
                 ST6GALNAC6 
                 NM_013443 
                 ST6 
               
               
                 ST8SIA2 
                 NM_006011 
                 ST8 alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminide 
               
               
                 STAB2 
                 NM_017564 
                 stabilin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 STAC 
                 NM_003149 
                 SH3 and cysteine rich domain 
               
               
                 STAC2 
                 NM_198993 
                 SH3 and cysteine rich domain 2 
               
               
                 STAG2 
                 NM_006603 
                 stromal antigen 2 
               
               
                 STARD3 
                 NM_006804 
                 steroidogenic acute regulatory protein related 
               
               
                 STARD8 
                 NM_014725 
                 START domain containing 8 
               
               
                 STAT1 
                 NM_139266 
                 signal transducer and activator of transcription 
               
               
                 STAT3 
                 NM_003150 
                 signal transducer and activator of transcription 
               
               
                 STC1 
                 NM_003155 
                 stanniocalcin 1 precursor 
               
               
                 STC2 
                 NM_003714 
                 stanniocalcin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 STCH 
                 NM_006948 
                 stress 70 protein chaperone, 
               
               
                 STEAP2 
                 NM_152999 
                 six transmembrane epithelial antigen of the 
               
               
                 STIL 
                 NM_003035 
                 SCL/TAL1 interrupting locus 
               
               
                 STIM1 
                 NM_003156 
                 stromal interaction molecule 1 precursor 
               
               
                 STK10 
                 NM_005990 
                 serine/threonine kinase 10 
               
               
                 STK25 
                 NM_006374 
                 serine/threonine kinase 25 
               
               
                 STK35 
                 NM_080836 
                 serine/threonine kinase 35 
               
               
                 STK39 
                 NM_013233 
                 serine threonine kinase 39 (STE20/SPS1 homolog, 
               
               
                 STK4 
                 NM_006282 
                 serine/threonine kinase 4 
               
               
                 STMN3 
                 NM_015894 
                 SCG10-like-protein 
               
               
                 STOM 
                 NM_004099 
                 stomatin isoform a 
               
               
                 STON1 
                 NM_006873 
                 stonin 1 
               
               
                 STRAP 
                 NM_007178 
                 serine/threonine kinase receptor associated 
               
               
                 STRBP 
                 NM_018387 
                 spermatid perinuclear RNA-binding protein 
               
               
                 STRN3 
                 NM_014574 
                 nuclear autoantigen 
               
               
                 STS 
                 NM_000351 
                 steryl-sulfatase precursor 
               
               
                 STS-1 
                 NM_032873 
                 Cbl-interacting protein Sts-1 
               
               
                 STX17 
                 NM_017919 
                 syntaxin 17 
               
               
                 STX1A 
                 NM_004603 
                 syntaxin 1A (brain) 
               
               
                 STX5 
                 NM_003164 
                 syntaxin 5 
               
               
                 STXBP1 
                 NM_001032221 
                 syntaxin binding protein 1 isoform b 
               
               
                 SUFU 
                 NM_016169 
                 suppressor of fused 
               
               
                 SUHW2 
                 NM_080764 
                 suppressor of hairy wing homolog 2 
               
               
                 SULF1 
                 NM_015170 
                 sulfatase 1 
               
               
                 SULF2 
                 NM_018837 
                 sulfatase 2 isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 SULT4A1 
                 NM_014351 
                 sulfotransferase family 4A, member 1 
               
               
                 SUOX 
                 NM_000456 
                 sulfite oxidase 
               
               
                 SUPT16H 
                 NM_007192 
                 chromatin-specific transcription elongation 
               
               
                 SUPT6H 
                 NM_003170 
                 suppressor of Ty 6 homolog 
               
               
                 SURF1 
                 NM_003172 
                 surfeit 1 
               
               
                 SURF4 
                 NM_033161 
                 surfeit 4 
               
               
                 SURF6 
                 NM_006753 
                 surfeit 6 
               
               
                 SUV39H1 
                 NM_003173 
                 suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 
               
               
                 SUV420H1 
                 NM_016028 
                 suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog 1 isoform 
               
               
                 SUV420H2 
                 NM_032701 
                 suppressor of variegation 4-20 homolog 2 
               
               
                 SV2A 
                 NM_014849 
                 synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 
               
               
                 SVIL 
                 NM_003174 
                 supervillin isoform 1 
               
               
                 SVOP 
                 NM_018711 
                 SV2 related protein 
               
               
                 SWAP70 
                 NM_015055 
                 SWAP-70 protein 
               
               
                 SYN2 
                 NM_003178 
                 synapsin II isoform IIb 
               
               
                 SYNC1 
                 NM_030786 
                 syncoilin, intermediate filament 1 
               
               
                 SYNGR1 
                 NM_004711 
                 synaptogyrin 1 isoform 1a 
               
               
                 SYNGR2 
                 NM_004710 
                 synaptogyrin 2 
               
               
                 SYNGR3 
                 NM_004209 
                 synaptogyrin 3 
               
               
                 SYNJ1 
                 NM_003895 
                 synaptojanin 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 SYNPR 
                 NM_144642 
                 synaptoporin 
               
               
                 SYT1 
                 NM_005639 
                 synaptotagmin I 
               
               
                 SYT11 
                 NM_152280 
                 synaptotagmin 12 
               
               
                 SYT13 
                 NM_020826 
                 synaptotagmin XIII 
               
               
                 SYT15 
                 NM_031912 
                 synaptotagmin XV isoform a 
               
               
                 SYT4 
                 NM_020783 
                 synaptotagmin IV 
               
               
                 SYT6 
                 NM_205848 
                 synaptotagmin VI 
               
               
                 SYT9 
                 NM_175733 
                 synaptotagmin IX 
               
               
                 SYVN1 
                 NM_032431 
                 synoviolin 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 TACC1 
                 NM_006283 
                 transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing 
               
               
                 TACR1 
                 NM_001058 
                 tachykinin receptor 1 isoform long 
               
               
                 TACSTD2 
                 NM_002353 
                 tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 
               
               
                 TAF1A 
                 NM_005681 
                 TBP-associated factor 1A isoform 1 
               
               
                 TAF2 
                 NM_003184 
                 TBP-associated factor 2 
               
               
                 TAF5 
                 NM_006951 
                 TBP-associated factor 5 
               
               
                 TAF5L 
                 NM_001025247 
                 PCAF associated factor 65 beta isoform b 
               
               
                 TAGAP 
                 NM_054114 
                 T-cell activation Rho GTPase-activating protein 
               
               
                 TAGLN 
                 NM_001001522 
                 transgelin 
               
               
                 TAIP-2 
                 NM_024969 
                 TGF-beta induced apoptosis protein 2 
               
               
                 TAL1 
                 NM_003189 
                 T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia 1 
               
               
                 TAOK1 
                 NM_020791 
                 TAO kinase 1 
               
               
                 TAPBP 
                 NM_003190 
                 tapasin isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 TARBP2 
                 NM_004178 
                 TAR RNA binding protein 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 TARP 
                 NM_001003799 
                 TCR gamma alternate reading frame protein 
               
               
                 TAS1R1 
                 NM_177539 
                 sweet taste receptor T1r isoform a 
               
               
                 TATDN2 
                 NM_014760 
                 TatD DNase domain containing 2 
               
               
                 TAX1BP3 
                 NM_014604 
                 Tax1 (human T-cell leukemia virus type I) 
               
               
                 TBC1D13 
                 NM_018201 
                 TBC1 domain family, member 13 
               
               
                 TBC1D2 
                 NM_018421 
                 TBC1 domain family, member 2 
               
               
                 TBC1D22B 
                 NM_017772 
                 TBC1 domain family, member 22B 
               
               
                 TBC1D2B 
                 NM_015079 
                 TBC1 domain family, member 2B 
               
               
                 TBC1D5 
                 NM_014744 
                 TBC1 domain family, member 5 
               
               
                 TBCD 
                 NM_001033052 
                 beta-tubulin cofactor D isoform 2 
               
               
                 TBL1XR1 
                 NM_024665 
                 nuclear receptor co-repressor/HDAC3 complex 
               
               
                 TBRG1 
                 NM_032811 
                 transforming growth factor beta regulator 1 
               
               
                 TBX4 
                 NM_018488 
                 T-box 4 
               
               
                 TCF1 
                 NM_000545 
                 transcription factor 1, hepatic 
               
               
                 TCF12 
                 NM_003205 
                 transcription factor 12 isoform b 
               
               
                 TCF2 
                 NM_006481 
                 transcription factor 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 TCF3 
                 NM_003200 
                 transcription factor 3 
               
               
                 TCF7 
                 NM_003202 
                 transcription factor 7 (T-cell specific, 
               
               
                 TCOF1 
                 NM_001008657 
                 Treacher Collins-Franceschetti syndrome 1 
               
               
                 TCTA 
                 NM_022171 
                 T-cell leukemia translocation altered gene 
               
               
                 TCTEX1D1 
                 NM_152665 
                 hypothetical protein LOC200132 
               
               
                 TEF 
                 NM_003216 
                 thyrotrophic embryonic factor 
               
               
                 TENC1 
                 NM_015319 
                 tensin like C1 domain containing phosphatase 
               
               
                 TERT 
                 NM_198253 
                 telomerase reverse transcriptase isoform 3 
               
               
                 TESK1 
                 NM_006285 
                 testis-specific protein kinase 1 
               
               
                 TETRAN 
                 NM_001120 
                 tetracycline transporter-like protein 
               
               
                 TEX13B 
                 NM_031273 
                 testis expressed sequence 13B 
               
               
                 TEX261 
                 NM_144582 
                 testis expressed sequence 261 
               
               
                 TEX264 
                 NM_015926 
                 testis expressed sequence 264 
               
               
                 TFAP2A 
                 NM_001032280 
                 transcription factor AP-2 alpha isoform b 
               
               
                 TFCP2L1 
                 NM_014553 
                 LBP-9 
               
               
                 TFDP2 
                 NM_006286 
                 transcription factor Dp-2 (E2F dimerization 
               
               
                 TFE3 
                 NM_006521 
                 transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3 
               
               
                 TFEB 
                 NM_007162 
                 transcription factor EB 
               
               
                 TFRC 
                 NM_003234 
                 transferrin receptor 
               
               
                 TGFA 
                 NM_003236 
                 transforming growth factor, alpha 
               
               
                 TGFB3 
                 NM_003239 
                 transforming growth factor, beta 3 
               
               
                 TGFBI 
                 NM_000358 
                 transforming growth factor, beta-induced, 68 kDa 
               
               
                 TGFBR1 
                 NM_004612 
                 transforming growth factor, beta receptor I 
               
               
                 TGFBR2 
                 NM_001024847 
                 TGF-beta type II receptor isoform A precursor 
               
               
                 TGFBR3 
                 NM_003243 
                 transforming growth factor, beta receptor III 
               
               
                 TGIF2 
                 NM_021809 
                 TGFB-induced factor 2 
               
               
                 TGM2 
                 NM_004613 
                 transglutaminase 2 isoform a 
               
               
                 TGOLN2 
                 NM_006464 
                 trans-golgi network protein 2 
               
               
                 TH 
                 NM_000360 
                 tyrosine hydroxylase isoform b 
               
               
                 TH1L 
                 NM_198976 
                 TH1-like protein 
               
               
                 THADA 
                 NM_198554 
                 thyroid adenoma associated isoform 2 
               
               
                 THBD 
                 NM_000361 
                 thrombomodulin precursor 
               
               
                 THBS1 
                 NM_003246 
                 thrombospondin 1 precursor 
               
               
                 THEM4 
                 NM_176853 
                 thioesterase superfamily member 4 isoform b 
               
               
                 THEM5 
                 NM_182578 
                 thioesterase superfamily member 5 
               
               
                 THOP1 
                 NM_003249 
                 thimet oligopeptidase 1 
               
               
                 THPO 
                 NM_000460 
                 thrombopoietin isoform 1 precursor 
               
               
                 THRA 
                 NM_199334 
                 thyroid hormone receptor, alpha isoform 1 
               
               
                 THRAP1 
                 NM_005121 
                 thyroid hormone receptor associated protein 1 
               
               
                 THSD4 
                 NM_024817 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79875 
               
               
                 TICAM2 
                 NM_021649 
                 toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 2 
               
               
                 TIGD6 
                 NM_030953 
                 hypothetical protein LOC81789 
               
               
                 TIMM10 
                 NM_012456 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 10 
               
               
                 TIMM13 
                 NM_012458 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 13 
               
               
                 TIMM17B 
                 NM_005834 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 17 
               
               
                 TIMM22 
                 NM_013337 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 22 
               
               
                 TIMM8A 
                 NM_004085 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 
               
               
                 TINP1 
                 NM_014886 
                 TGF beta-inducible nuclear protein 1 
               
               
                 TK1 
                 NM_003258 
                 thymidine kinase 1, soluble 
               
               
                 TLK1 
                 NM_012290 
                 tousled-like kinase 1 
               
               
                 TLR4 
                 NM_138554 
                 toll-like receptor 4 precursor 
               
               
                 TLX1 
                 NM_005521 
                 T-cell leukemia, homeobox 1 
               
               
                 TLX2 
                 NM_016170 
                 T-cell leukemia, homeobox 2 
               
               
                 TM4SF1 
                 NM_014220 
                 transmembrane 4 superfamily member 1 
               
               
                 TM4SF4 
                 NM_004617 
                 transmembrane 4 superfamily member 4 
               
               
                 TM9SF2 
                 NM_004800 
                 transmembrane 9 superfamily member 2 
               
               
                 TM9SF3 
                 NM_020123 
                 endomembrane protein emp70 precursor isolog 
               
               
                 TM9SF4 
                 NM_014742 
                 transmembrane 9 superfamily protein member 4 
               
               
                 TMBIM1 
                 NM_022152 
                 transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containin 1 
               
               
                 TMC2 
                 NM_080751 
                 transmembrane cochlear-expressed protein 2 
               
               
                 TMC5 
                 NM_024780 
                 transmembrane channel-like 5 
               
               
                 TMCC1 
                 NM_001017395 
                 transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 isoform 
               
               
                 TMCC3 
                 NM_020698 
                 transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 3 
               
               
                 TMED10 
                 NM_006827 
                 transmembrane trafficking protein 
               
               
                 TMEFF1 
                 NM_003692 
                 transmembrane protein with EGF-like and two 
               
               
                 TMEM104 
                 NM_017728 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54868 
               
               
                 TMEM109 
                 NM_024092 
                 transmembrane protein 109 
               
               
                 TMEM129 
                 NM_138385 
                 hypothetical protein LOC92305 
               
               
                 TMEM130 
                 NM_152913 
                 hypothetical protein LOC222865 
               
               
                 TMEM133 
                 NM_032021 
                 hypothetical protein LOC83935 
               
               
                 TMEM141 
                 NM_032928 
                 transmembrane protein 141 
               
               
                 TMEM143 
                 NM_018273 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55260 
               
               
                 TMEM144 
                 NM_018342 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55314 
               
               
                 TMEM16K 
                 NM_018075 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55129 
               
               
                 TMEM22 
                 NM_025246 
                 transmembrane protein 22 
               
               
                 TMEM25 
                 NM_032780 
                 transmembrane protein 25 
               
               
                 TMEM28 
                 NM_015686 
                 transmembrane protein 28 
               
               
                 TMEM29 
                 NM_014138 
                 hypothetical protein LOC29057 
               
               
                 TMEM33 
                 NM_018126 
                 transmembrane protein 33 
               
               
                 TMEM35 
                 NM_021637 
                 transmembrane protein 35 
               
               
                 TMEM39A 
                 NM_018266 
                 transmembrane protein 39A 
               
               
                 TMEM43 
                 NM_024334 
                 transmembrane protein 43 
               
               
                 TMEM48 
                 NM_018087 
                 transmembrane protein 48 
               
               
                 TMEM55A 
                 NM_018710 
                 transmembrane protein 55A 
               
               
                 TMEM57 
                 NM_018202 
                 transmembrane protein 57 
               
               
                 TMEM63A 
                 NM_014698 
                 transmembrane protein 63A 
               
               
                 TMEM63C 
                 NM_020431 
                 transmembrane protein 63C 
               
               
                 TMEM79 
                 NM_032323 
                 hypothetical protein LOC84283 
               
               
                 TMEM80 
                 NM_174940 
                 hypothetical protein LOC283232 
               
               
                 TMEM86A 
                 NM_153347 
                 hypothetical protein LOC144110 
               
               
                 TMEM87A 
                 NM_015497 
                 hypothetical protein LOC25963 
               
               
                 TMEPAI 
                 NM_020182 
                 transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein 
               
               
                 TMLHE 
                 NM_018196 
                 trimethyllysine hydroxylase, epsilon 
               
               
                 TMOD2 
                 NM_014548 
                 tropomodulin 2 (neuronal) 
               
               
                 TMPRSS13 
                 NM_032046 
                 transmembrane protease, serine 13 
               
               
                 TMPRSS4 
                 NM_019894 
                 transmembrane protease, serine 4 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TMPRSS5 
                 NM_030770 
                 transmembrane protease, serine 5 
               
               
                 TMPRSS6 
                 NM_153609 
                 transmembrane protease, serine 6 
               
               
                 TMSB10 
                 NM_021103 
                 thymosin, beta 10 
               
               
                 TMTC2 
                 NM_152588 
                 hypothetical protein LOC160335 
               
               
                 TNFAIP1 
                 NM_021137 
                 tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 1 
               
               
                 TNFAIP8L2 
                 NM_024575 
                 tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 
               
               
                 TNFRSF10D 
                 NM_003840 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNFRSF11B 
                 NM_002546 
                 osteoprotegerin precursor 
               
               
                 TNFRSF14 
                 NM_003820 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNFRSF19 
                 NM_148957 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNFRSF19L 
                 NM_032871 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNFRSF8 
                 NM_001243 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNFRSF9 
                 NM_001561 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TNIP2 
                 NM_024309 
                 A20-binding inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation 2 
               
               
                 TNK1 
                 NM_003985 
                 tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 1 
               
               
                 TNNI1 
                 NM_003281 
                 troponin I, skeletal, slow 
               
               
                 TNNI3 
                 NM_000363 
                 troponin I, cardiac 
               
               
                 TNP1 
                 NM_003284 
                 transition protein 1 (during histone to 
               
               
                 TNPO2 
                 NM_013433 
                 transportin 2 (importin 3, karyopherin beta 2b) 
               
               
                 TNRC4 
                 NM_007185 
                 trinucleotide repeat containing 4 
               
               
                 TNRC6B 
                 NM_001024843 
                 trinucleotide repeat containing 6B isoform 2 
               
               
                 TNS3 
                 NM_022748 
                 tensin-like SH2 domain containing 1 
               
               
                 TNS4 
                 NM_032865 
                 C-terminal tensin-like 
               
               
                 TNT 
                 NM_182831 
                 hypothetical protein LOC162083 
               
               
                 TNXB 
                 NM_019105 
                 tenascin XB isoform 1 
               
               
                 TOB2 
                 NM_016272 
                 transducer of ERBB2, 2 
               
               
                 TOLLIP 
                 NM_019009 
                 toll interacting protein 
               
               
                 TOM1 
                 NM_005488 
                 target of myb1 
               
               
                 TOM1L2 
                 NM_001033551 
                 target of myb1-like 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TOMM22 
                 NM_020243 
                 mitochondrial import receptor Tom22 
               
               
                 TOMM40L 
                 NM_032174 
                 translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 
               
               
                 TOP2B 
                 NM_001068 
                 DNA topoisomerase II, beta isozyme 
               
               
                 TOPORS 
                 NM_005802 
                 topoisomerase I binding, arginine/serine-rich 
               
               
                 TOR1A 
                 NM_000113 
                 torsin A 
               
               
                 TOR1B 
                 NM_014506 
                 torsin family 1, member B (torsin B) 
               
               
                 TOR3A 
                 NM_022371 
                 torsin family 3, member A 
               
               
                 TOX 
                 NM_014729 
                 thymus high mobility group box protein TOX 
               
               
                 TP53I11 
                 NM_006034 
                 p53-induced protein 
               
               
                 TP53INP1 
                 NM_033285 
                 tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 1 
               
               
                 TP53INP2 
                 NM_021202 
                 tumor protein p53 inducible nuclear protein 2 
               
               
                 TP53TG3 
                 NM_016212 
                 hypothetical protein LOC24150 
               
               
                 TP73L 
                 NM_003722 
                 tumor protein p73-like 
               
               
                 TPD52 
                 NM_001025252 
                 tumor protein D52 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TPD52L3 
                 NM_001001875 
                 protein kinase NYD-SP25 isoform 3 
               
               
                 TPI1 
                 NM_000365 
                 triosephosphate isomerase 1 
               
               
                 TPP1 
                 NM_000391 
                 tripeptidyl-peptidase I precursor 
               
               
                 TPPP 
                 NM_007030 
                 brain-specific protein p25 alpha 
               
               
                 TPSAB1 
                 NM_003294 
                 tryptase alpha/beta 1 precursor 
               
               
                 TPSB2 
                 NM_024164 
                 tryptase beta 2 precursor 
               
               
                 TRAF1 
                 NM_005658 
                 TNF receptor-associated factor 1 
               
               
                 TRAF3IP3 
                 NM_025228 
                 TRAF3-interacting JNK-activating modulator 
               
               
                 TRAF7 
                 NM_206835 
                 ring finger and WD repeat domain 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 TRAFD1 
                 NM_006700 
                 FLN29 gene product 
               
               
                 TRAPPC6A 
                 NM_024108 
                 trafficking protein particle complex 6A 
               
               
                 TREML4 
                 NM_198153 
                 triggering receptor expressed on myeloid 
               
               
                 TRERF1 
                 NM_018415 
                 transcriptional regulating factor 1 isoform 3 
               
               
                 TREX1 
                 NM_032166 
                 three prime repair exonuclease 1 isoform c 
               
               
                 TRIAD3 
                 NM_207111 
                 TRIAD3 protein isoform a 
               
               
                 TRIB2 
                 NM_021643 
                 tribbles homolog 2 
               
               
                 TRIM10 
                 NM_052828 
                 tripartite motif-containing 10 isoform 2 
               
               
                 TRIM14 
                 NM_014788 
                 tripartite motif protein TRIM14 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 TRIM2 
                 NM_015271 
                 tripartite motif-containing 2 
               
               
                 TRIM21 
                 NM_003141 
                 52 kD Ro/SSA autoantigen 
               
               
                 TRIM22 
                 NM_006074 
                 tripartite motif-containing 22 
               
               
                 TRIM25 
                 NM_005082 
                 tripartite motif-containing 25 
               
               
                 TRIM29 
                 NM_012101 
                 tripartite motif protein TRIM29 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 TRIM32 
                 NM_012210 
                 TAT-interactive protein, 72-KD 
               
               
                 TRIM33 
                 NM_015906 
                 tripartite motif-containing 33 protein isoform 
               
               
                 TRIM35 
                 NM_015066 
                 tripartite motif-containing 35 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TRIM37 
                 NM_015294 
                 tripartite motif-containing 37 protein 
               
               
                 TRIM41 
                 NM_033549 
                 tripartite motif-containing 41 isform 1 
               
               
                 TRIM54 
                 NM_032546 
                 ring finger protein 30 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TRIM62 
                 NM_018207 
                 tripartite motif-containing 62 
               
               
                 TRIM67 
                 NM_001004342 
                 hypothetical protein LOC440730 
               
               
                 TRIM68 
                 NM_018073 
                 ring finger protein 137 
               
               
                 TRIM9 
                 NM_052978 
                 tripartite motif protein 9 isoform 2 
               
               
                 TRIO 
                 NM_007118 
                 triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting) 
               
               
                 TRMT5 
                 NM_020810 
                 tRNA-(N1G37) methyltransferase 
               
               
                 TRPC3 
                 NM_003305 
                 transient receptor potential cation channel, 
               
               
                 TRPC5 
                 NM_012471 
                 transient receptor potential cation channel, 
               
               
                 TRPV4 
                 NM_021625 
                 transient receptor potential cation channel, 
               
               
                 TSC1 
                 NM_000368 
                 tuberous sclerosis 1 protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 TSHR 
                 NM_000369 
                 thyroid stimulating hormone receptor isoform 1 
               
               
                 TSHZ2 
                 NM_173485 
                 zinc finger protein 218 
               
               
                 TSN 
                 NM_004622 
                 translin 
               
               
                 TSPAN14 
                 NM_030927 
                 tetraspanin 14 
               
               
                 TSPAN17 
                 NM_001006616 
                 transmembrane 4 superfamily member 17 isoform c 
               
               
                 TSPAN18 
                 NM_130783 
                 tetraspanin 18 isoform 2 
               
               
                 TSPAN32 
                 NM_139024 
                 tumor-suppressing subtransferable candidate 6 
               
               
                 TSPAN33 
                 NM_178562 
                 penumbra 
               
               
                 TSPYL1 
                 NM_003309 
                 TSPY-like 1 
               
               
                 TSPYL4 
                 NM_021648 
                 TSPY-like 4 
               
               
                 TSPYL5 
                 NM_033512 
                 TSPY-like 5 
               
               
                 TSPYL6 
                 NM_001003937 
                 TSPY-like 6 
               
               
                 TSR1 
                 NM_018128 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55720 
               
               
                 TSSC4 
                 NM_005706 
                 tumor suppressing subtransferable candidate 4 
               
               
                 TTBK1 
                 NM_032538 
                 tau tubulin kinase 1 
               
               
                 TTC1 
                 NM_003314 
                 tetratricopeptide repeat domain 1 
               
               
                 TTC19 
                 NM_017775 
                 tetratricopeptide repeat domain 19 
               
               
                 TTL 
                 NM_153712 
                 tubulin tyrosine ligase 
               
               
                 TTLL12 
                 NM_015140 
                 hypothetical protein LOC23170 
               
               
                 TTLL3 
                 NM_015644 
                 tubulin tyrosine ligase-like family, member 3 
               
               
                 TTMB 
                 NM_001003682 
                 hypothetical protein LOC399474 
               
               
                 TTYH2 
                 NM_032646 
                 tweety 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TTYH3 
                 NM_02S250 
                 tweety 3 
               
               
                 TUBA2 
                 NM_006001 
                 tubulin, alpha 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TUBA4 
                 NM_025019 
                 tubulin, alpha 4 
               
               
                 TUBB 
                 NM_178014 
                 tubulin, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 TUBB1 
                 NM_030773 
                 beta tubulin 1, class VI 
               
               
                 TUFT1 
                 NM_020127 
                 tuftelin 1 
               
               
                 TULP1 
                 NM_003322 
                 tubby like protein 1 
               
               
                 TULP3 
                 NM_003324 
                 tubby like protein 3 
               
               
                 TULP4 
                 NM_001007466 
                 tubby like protein 4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 TUSC5 
                 NM_172367 
                 LOST1 
               
               
                 TXN2 
                 NM_012473 
                 thioredoxin 2 precursor 
               
               
                 TXNDC13 
                 NM_021156 
                 thioredoxin domain containing 13 
               
               
                 TXNDC4 
                 NM_015051 
                 thioredoxin domain containing 4 (endoplasmic 
               
               
                 TXNDC9 
                 NM_005783 
                 ATP binding protein associated with cell 
               
               
                 TXNIP 
                 NM_006472 
                 thioredoxin interacting protein 
               
               
                 UACA 
                 NM_001008224 
                 uveal autoantigen with coiled-coil domains and 
               
               
                 UBAP2 
                 NM_018449 
                 ubiquitin associated protein 2 
               
               
                 UBASH3A 
                 NM_001001895 
                 ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing, 
               
               
                 UBE1 
                 NM_003334 
                 ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 
               
               
                 UBE1DC1 
                 NM_024818 
                 ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-domain containing 
               
               
                 UBE2G1 
                 NM_003342 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 UBE2J2 
                 NM_058167 
                 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2, J2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 UBE2L3 
                 NM_003347 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 UBE2NL 
                 NM_001012989 
                 hypothetical protein LOC389898 
               
               
                 UBE2O 
                 NM_022066 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2O 
               
               
                 UBE2Q1 
                 NM_017582 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Q 
               
               
                 UBE2R2 
                 NM_017811 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC3B 
               
               
                 UBE2W 
                 NM_001001481 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55284 isoform 1 
               
               
                 UBE3B 
                 NM_183414 
                 ubiquitin protein ligase E3B isoform b 
               
               
                 UBL4A 
                 NM_014235 
                 ubiquitin-like 4 
               
               
                 UBL7 
                 NM_032907 
                 ubiquitin-like 7 (bone marrow stromal 
               
               
                 UBN1 
                 NM_016936 
                 ubinuclein 1 
               
               
                 UBOX5 
                 NM_014948 
                 U-box domain containing 5 isoform a 
               
               
                 UBP1 
                 NM_014517 
                 upstream binding protein 1 (LBP-1a) 
               
               
                 UBQLN4 
                 NM_020131 
                 ataxin-1 ubiquitin-like interacting protein 
               
               
                 UBTF 
                 NM_014233 
                 upstream binding transcription factor, RNA 
               
               
                 UBXD3 
                 NM_152376 
                 UBX domain containing 3 
               
               
                 UBXD8 
                 NM_014613 
                 UBX domain containing 8 
               
               
                 UCN2 
                 NM_033199 
                 urocortin 2 preproprotein 
               
               
                 UCP3 
                 NM_003356 
                 uncoupling protein 3 isoform UCP3L 
               
               
                 UFD1L 
                 NM_005659 
                 ubiquitin fusion degradation 1-like isoform A 
               
               
                 UGT3A1 
                 NM_152404 
                 UDP glycosyltransferase 3 family, polypeptide 
               
               
                 UHRF2 
                 NM_152896 
                 Np95-like ring finger protein isoform b 
               
               
                 ULBP2 
                 NM_025217 
                 UL16 binding protein 2 
               
               
                 ULK1 
                 NM_003565 
                 unc-51-like kinase 1 
               
               
                 UNC119 
                 NM_005148 
                 unc119 ( C. elegans ) homolog isoform a 
               
               
                 UNC13B 
                 NM_006377 
                 UNC13 ( C. elegans )-like 
               
               
                 UNC45A 
                 NM_018671 
                 smooth muscle cell associated protein-1 isoform 
               
               
                 UNC45B 
                 NM_001033576 
                 cardiomyopathy associated 4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 UNC5A 
                 NM_133369 
                 netrin receptor Unc5h1 
               
               
                 UNC5C 
                 NM_003728 
                 unc5C 
               
               
                 UNC5D 
                 NM_080872 
                 netrin receptor Unc5h4 
               
               
                 UNC84A 
                 NM_025154 
                 unc-84 homolog A 
               
               
                 UNG 
                 NM_003362 
                 uracil-DNA glycosylase isoform UNG1 precursor 
               
               
                 UQCR 
                 NM_006830 
                 ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, 6.4 kDa 
               
               
                 UROC1 
                 NM_144639 
                 urocanase domain containing 1 
               
               
                 UROS 
                 NM_000375 
                 uroporphyrinogen III synthase 
               
               
                 URP2 
                 NM_031471 
                 UNC-112 related protein 2 short form 
               
               
                 USF1 
                 NM_007122 
                 upstream stimulatory factor 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 USP15 
                 NM_006313 
                 ubiguitin specific protease 15 
               
               
                 USP25 
                 NM_013396 
                 ubiguitin specific protease 25 
               
               
                 USP3 
                 NM_006537 
                 ubiquitin specific protease 3 
               
               
                 USP47 
                 NM_017944 
                 ubiquitin specific protease 47 
               
               
                 UST 
                 NM_005715 
                 uronyl-2-sulfotransferase 
               
               
                 UTS2D 
                 NM_198152 
                 urotensin 2 domain containing 
               
               
                 UTY 
                 NM_007125 
                 tetratricopeptide repeat protein isoform 3 
               
               
                 VAMP1 
                 NM_014231 
                 vesicle-associated membrane protein 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 VAMP2 
                 NM_014232 
                 vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 
               
               
                 VAMP3 
                 NM_004781 
                 vesicle-associated membrane protein 3 
               
               
                 VANGL2 
                 NM_020335 
                 yang-like 2 (van gogh,  Drosophila ) 
               
               
                 VAPA 
                 NM_003574 
                 vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated 
               
               
                 VARSL 
                 NM_020442 
                 valyl-tRNA synthetase 2-like 
               
               
                 VASH1 
                 NM_014909 
                 vasohibin 1 
               
               
                 VAT1 
                 NM_006373 
                 vesicle amine transport protein 1 
               
               
                 VAV2 
                 NM_003371 
                 vav 2 oncogene 
               
               
                 VAX1 
                 NM_199131 
                 ventral anterior homeobox 1 
               
               
                 VCAM1 
                 NM_001078 
                 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 isoform a 
               
               
                 VCL 
                 NM_003373 
                 vinculin isoform VCL 
               
               
                 VCP 
                 NM_007126 
                 valosin-containing protein 
               
               
                 VCPIP1 
                 NM_025054 
                 valosin containing protein (p97)/p47 complex 
               
               
                 VDR 
                 NM_000376 
                 vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor 
               
               
                 VEGF 
                 NM_001025366 
                 vascular endothelial growth factor isoform a 
               
               
                 VEZT 
                 NM_017599 
                 transmembrane protein vezatin 
               
               
                 VGLL3 
                 NM_016206 
                 colon carcinoma related protein 
               
               
                 VISA 
                 NM_020746 
                 virus-induced signaling adapter 
               
               
                 VMD2 
                 NM_004183 
                 bestrophin 
               
               
                 VMD2L1 
                 NM_017682 
                 vitelliform macular dystrophy 2-like 1 
               
               
                 VMD2L2 
                 NM_153274 
                 vitelliform macular dystrophy 2-like 2 
               
               
                 VMP 
                 NM_080723 
                 vesicular membrane protein p24 
               
               
                 VPS13A 
                 NM_001018037 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 13A isoform C 
               
               
                 VPS13B 
                 NM_017890 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 13B isoform 5 
               
               
                 VPS13C 
                 NM_017684 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 13C protein isoform 1A 
               
               
                 VPS13D 
                 NM_015378 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 13D isoform 1 
               
               
                 VPS24 
                 NM_001005753 
                 vacuolar rotein sortin 24 isoform 2 
               
               
                 VPS36 
                 NM_016075 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 36 
               
               
                 VPS37A 
                 NM_152415 
                 hepatocellular carcinoma related protein 1 
               
               
                 VPS37B 
                 NM_024667 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 37B 
               
               
                 VPS39 
                 NM_015289 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 39 
               
               
                 VPS41 
                 NM_014396 
                 vacuolar protein sorting 41 (yeast homolog) 
               
               
                 VPS4A 
                 NM_013245 
                 vacuolar protein sorting factor 4A 
               
               
                 VPS52 
                 NM_022553 
                 suppressor of actin mutations 2-like 
               
               
                 VSIG1 
                 NM_182607 
                 V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 1 
               
               
                 VTCN1 
                 NM_024626 
                 V-set domain containing T cell activation 
               
               
                 VWA1 
                 NM_022834 
                 von Willebrand factor A domain-related protein 
               
               
                 VWCE 
                 NM_152718 
                 hypothetical protein LOC220001 
               
               
                 WASF1 
                 NM_001024934 
                 Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 
               
               
                 WASF2 
                 NM_006990 
                 WAS protein family, member 2 
               
               
                 WASL 
                 NM_003941 
                 Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome gene-like protein 
               
               
                 WBSCR16 
                 NM_030798 
                 Williams-Beuren syndrome chromosome region 16 
               
               
                 WBSCR17 
                 NM_022479 
                 UDP-GaINAc:polypeptide 
               
               
                 WBSCR18 
                 NM_032317 
                 Williams Beuren syndrome chromosome region 18 
               
               
                 WDFY3 
                 NM_014991 
                 WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 3 isoform 
               
               
                 WDR22 
                 NM_003861 
                 Breakpoint cluster region protein, uterine 
               
               
                 WDR23 
                 NM_025230 
                 WD repeat domain 23 isoform 1 
               
               
                 WDR3 
                 NM_006784 
                 WD repeat-containing protein 3 
               
               
                 WDR33 
                 NM_001006623 
                 WD repeat domain 33 isoform 3 
               
               
                 WDR35 
                 NM_001006657 
                 WD repeat domain 35 isoform 1 
               
               
                 WDR37 
                 NM_014023 
                 WD repeat domain 37 
               
               
                 WDR39 
                 NM_004804 
                 WD repeat domain 39 
               
               
                 WDR41 
                 NM_018268 
                 WD repeat domain 41 
               
               
                 WDR5B 
                 NM_019069 
                 WD repeat domain 5B 
               
               
                 WDR68 
                 NM_001003725 
                 WD-repeat protein 
               
               
                 WDR77 
                 NM_024102 
                 methylosome protein 50 
               
               
                 WFDC5 
                 NM_145652 
                 WAP four-disulfide core domain 5 precursor 
               
               
                 WFIKKN2 
                 NM_175575 
                 WFIKKN2 protein 
               
               
                 WHSC1 
                 NM_007331 
                 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 protein 
               
               
                 WHSC1L1 
                 NM_023034 
                 WHSC1L1 protein isoform long 
               
               
                 WIPI2 
                 NM_001033518 
                 hypothetical protein LOC26100 isoform c 
               
               
                 WIRE 
                 NM_133264 
                 WIRE protein 
               
               
                 WISP2 
                 NM_003881 
                 WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 
               
               
                 WIT1 
                 NM_015855 
                 Wilms tumor upstream neighbor 1 
               
               
                 WNT1 
                 NM_005430 
                 wingless-type MMTV integration site family, 
               
               
                 WNT2 
                 NM_003391 
                 wingless-type MMTV integration site family 
               
               
                 WNT2B 
                 NM_004185 
                 wingless-type MMTV integration site family, 
               
               
                 WNT5B 
                 NM_030775 
                 wingless-type MMTV integration site family, 
               
               
                 WNT9B 
                 NM_003396 
                 wingless-type MMTV integration site family, 
               
               
                 WTAP 
                 NM_004906 
                 Wilms′ tumour 1-associating protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 WWC3 
                 NM_015691 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55841 
               
               
                 XBP1 
                 NM_005080 
                 X-box binding protein 1 
               
               
                 XKR5 
                 NM_207411 
                 XK-related protein 5a 
               
               
                 XKR9 
                 NM_001011720 
                 XK-related protein 9 
               
               
                 XLKD1 
                 NM_006691 
                 extracellular link domain containing 1 
               
               
                 XPC 
                 NM_004628 
                 xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group C 
               
               
                 XPO5 
                 NM_020750 
                 exportin 5 
               
               
                 XPO6 
                 NM_015171 
                 exportin 6 
               
               
                 XPR1 
                 NM_004736 
                 xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 
               
               
                 XRCC2 
                 NM_005431 
                 X-ray repair cross complementing protein 2 
               
               
                 XRCC3 
                 NM_005432 
                 X-ray repair cross complementing protein 3 
               
               
                 XRN1 
                 NM_019001 
                 5′-3′ exoribonuclease 1 
               
               
                 XYLB 
                 NM_005108 
                 xylulokinase homolog 
               
               
                 XYLT1 
                 NM_022166 
                 xylosyltransferase I 
               
               
                 YEATS2 
                 NM_018023 
                 YEATS domain containing 2 
               
               
                 YIPF2 
                 NM_024029 
                 Yipl domain family, member 2 
               
               
                 YIPF5 
                 NM_030799 
                 smooth muscle cell associated protein 5 
               
               
                 YKT6 
                 NM_006555 
                 YKT6 v-SNARE protein 
               
               
                 YPEL1 
                 NM_013313 
                 yippee-like 1 
               
               
                 YPEL2 
                 NM_001005404 
                 yippee-like 2 
               
               
                 YPEL4 
                 NM_145008 
                 yippee-like 4 
               
               
                 YTHDC1 
                 NM_001031732 
                 splicing factor YT521-B isoform 1 
               
               
                 YTHDF1 
                 NM_017798 
                 YTH domain family, member 1 
               
               
                 YWHAG 
                 NM_012479 
                 tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 
               
               
                 YWHAZ 
                 NM_003406 
                 tyrosine 3/tryptophan 5 -monooxygenase 
               
               
                 YY1 
                 NM_003403 
                 YY1 transcription factor 
               
               
                 ZBED1 
                 NM_004729 
                 Ac-like transposable element 
               
               
                 ZBTB39 
                 NM_014830 
                 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 39 
               
               
                 ZBTB4 
                 NM_020899 
                 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 4 
               
               
                 ZBTB40 
                 NM_014870 
                 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 40 
               
               
                 ZBTB43 
                 NM_014007 
                 zinc finger protein 297B 
               
               
                 ZBTB5 
                 NM_014872 
                 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 5 
               
               
                 ZBTB9 
                 NM_152735 
                 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 9 
               
               
                 ZC3H11A 
                 NM_014827 
                 hypothetical protein LOC9877 
               
               
                 ZC3H12B 
                 NM_001010888 
                 hypothetical protein LOC340554 
               
               
                 ZC3H3 
                 NM_015117 
                 zinc finger CCCH-type domain containing 3 
               
               
                 ZC3H7A 
                 NM_014153 
                 zinc finger CCCH-type domain containing 7 
               
               
                 ZC3H7B 
                 NM_017590 
                 zinc finger CCCH-type containing 7B 
               
               
                 ZC3HAV1 
                 NM_020119 
                 zinc finger antiviral protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 ZCCHC17 
                 NM_016505 
                 putative S1 RNA binding domain protein 
               
               
                 ZCSL3 
                 NM_181706 
                 zinc finger, CSL domain containing 3 
               
               
                 ZDHHC16 
                 NM_032327 
                 Abl-philin 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ZDHHC17 
                 NM_015336 
                 huntingtin interacting protein 14 
               
               
                 ZDHHC18 
                 NM_032283 
                 zinc finger, DHHC domain containing 18 
               
               
                 ZDHHC22 
                 NM_174976 
                 zinc finger, DHHC domain containing 22 
               
               
                 ZDHHC23 
                 NM_173570 
                 zinc finger, DHHC domain containing 23 
               
               
                 ZDHHC3 
                 NM_016598 
                 DHHC1 protein 
               
               
                 ZDHHC8 
                 NM_013373 
                 zinc finger, DHHC domain containing 8 
               
               
                 ZFHX2 
                 NM_033400 
                 zinc finger homeobox 2 
               
               
                 ZFHX4 
                 NM_024721 
                 zinc finger homeodomain 4 
               
               
                 ZFP2 
                 NM_030613 
                 zinc finger protein 2 homolog 
               
               
                 ZFP36 
                 NM_003407 
                 zinc finger protein 36, C3H type, homolog 
               
               
                 ZFP41 
                 NM_173832 
                 zinc finger protein 41 homolog 
               
               
                 ZFP90 
                 NM_133458 
                 zinc finger protein 90 homolog 
               
               
                 ZFP91 
                 NM_170768 
                 zinc finger protein 91 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZFPL1 
                 NM_006782 
                 zinc finger protein-like 1 
               
               
                 ZGPAT 
                 NM_181484 
                 zinc finger, CCCH-type with G patch domain 
               
               
                 ZHX2 
                 NM_014943 
                 zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 
               
               
                 ZHX3 
                 NM_015035 
                 zinc fingers and homeoboxes 3 
               
               
                 ZMPSTE24 
                 NM_005857 
                 zinc metalloproteinase STE24 homolog 
               
               
                 ZMYM3 
                 NM_005096 
                 zinc finger protein 261 
               
               
                 ZMYM4 
                 NM_00509S 
                 zinc finger protein 262 
               
               
                 ZMYND11 
                 NM_006624 
                 zinc finger, MYND domain containing 11 isoform 
               
               
                 ZNF137 
                 NM_003438 
                 zinc finger protein 137 (clone pHZ-30) 
               
               
                 ZNF148 
                 NM_021964 
                 zinc finger protein 148 (pHZ-52) 
               
               
                 ZNF16 
                 NM_001029976 
                 zinc finger protein 16 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZNF179 
                 NM_007148 
                 zinc finger protein 179 
               
               
                 ZNF180 
                 NM_013256 
                 zinc finger protein 180 (HHZ168) 
               
               
                 ZNF182 
                 NM_001007088 
                 zinc finger protein 21 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZNF184 
                 NM_007149 
                 zinc finger protein 184 (Kruppel-like) 
               
               
                 ZNF189 
                 NM_003452 
                 zinc finger protein 189 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ZNF193 
                 NM_006299 
                 zinc finger protein 193 
               
               
                 ZNF2 
                 NM_001017396 
                 zinc finger protein 2 isoform b 
               
               
                 ZNF207 
                 NM_003457 
                 zinc finger protein 207 isoform a 
               
               
                 ZNF213 
                 NM_004220 
                 zinc finger protein 213 
               
               
                 ZNF235 
                 NM_004234 
                 zinc finger protein 93 homolog 
               
               
                 ZNF238 
                 NM_006352 
                 zinc finger protein 238 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZNF248 
                 NM_021045 
                 zinc finger protein 248 
               
               
                 ZNF264 
                 NM_003417 
                 zinc finger protein 264 
               
               
                 ZNF274 
                 NM_016324 
                 zinc finger protein 274 isoform b 
               
               
                 ZNF276 
                 NM_152287 
                 zinc finger protein 276 homolog 
               
               
                 ZNF281 
                 NM_012482 
                 zinc finger protein 281 
               
               
                 ZNF282 
                 NM_003575 
                 zinc finger protein 282 
               
               
                 ZNF285 
                 NM_152354 
                 zinc finger protein 285 
               
               
                 ZNF3 
                 NM_017715 
                 zinc finger protein 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ZNF302 
                 NM_001012320 
                 zinc finger protein 302 
               
               
                 ZNF304 
                 NM_020657 
                 zinc finger protein 304 
               
               
                 ZNF312 
                 NM_018008 
                 zinc finger protein 312 
               
               
                 ZNF317 
                 NM_020933 
                 zinc finger protein 317 
               
               
                 ZNF324 
                 NM_014347 
                 zinc finger protein 324 
               
               
                 ZNF329 
                 NM_024620 
                 zinc finger protein 329 
               
               
                 ZNF33B 
                 NM_006955 
                 zinc finger protein 33B 
               
               
                 ZNF346 
                 NM_012279 
                 zinc finger protein 346 
               
               
                 ZNF358 
                 NM_018083 
                 zinc finger protein 358 
               
               
                 ZNF365 
                 NM_199451 
                 zinc finger protein 365 isoform C 
               
               
                 ZNF367 
                 NM_153695 
                 zinc finger protein 367 
               
               
                 ZNF37A 
                 NM_001007094 
                 zinc finger protein 37a 
               
               
                 ZNF395 
                 NM_018660 
                 zinc finger protein 395 
               
               
                 ZNF397 
                 NM_032347 
                 zinc finger protein 397 
               
               
                 ZNF398 
                 NM_020781 
                 zinc finger 398 isoform b 
               
               
                 ZNF406 
                 NM_001029939 
                 zinc finger protein 406 isoform TR-ZFAT 
               
               
                 ZNF418 
                 NM_133460 
                 zinc finger protein 418 
               
               
                 ZNF436 
                 NM_030634 
                 zinc finger protein 436 
               
               
                 ZNF445 
                 NM_181489 
                 zinc finger protein 445 
               
               
                 ZNF446 
                 NM_017908 
                 zinc finger protein 446 
               
               
                 ZNF449 
                 NM_152695 
                 zinc finger protein 449 
               
               
                 ZNF45 
                 NM_003425 
                 zinc finger protein 45 
               
               
                 ZNF471 
                 NM_020813 
                 zinc finger protein 471 
               
               
                 ZNF480 
                 NM_144684 
                 zinc finger protein 480 
               
               
                 ZNF493 
                 NM_175910 
                 zinc finger protein 493 
               
               
                 ZNF497 
                 NM_198458 
                 zinc finger protein 497 
               
               
                 ZNF501 
                 NM_145044 
                 zinc finger protein 501 
               
               
                 ZNF502 
                 NM_033210 
                 zinc finger protein 502 
               
               
                 ZNF510 
                 NM_014930 
                 zinc finger protein 510 
               
               
                 ZNF512 
                 NM_032434 
                 zinc finger protein 512 
               
               
                 ZNF513 
                 NM_144631 
                 zinc finger protein 513 
               
               
                 ZNF526 
                 NM_133444 
                 zinc finger protein 526 
               
               
                 ZNF530 
                 NM_020880 
                 zinc finger protein 530 
               
               
                 ZNF532 
                 NM_018181 
                 zinc finger protein 532 
               
               
                 ZNF540 
                 NM_152606 
                 zinc finger protein 540 
               
               
                 ZNF551 
                 NM_138347 
                 zinc finger protein 551 
               
               
                 ZNF553 
                 NM_152652 
                 zinc finger protein 553 
               
               
                 ZNF561 
                 NM_152289 
                 zinc finger protein 561 
               
               
                 ZNF562 
                 NM_017656 
                 zinc finger protein 562 
               
               
                 ZNF579 
                 NM_152600 
                 zinc finger protein 579 
               
               
                 ZNF580 
                 NM_016202 
                 zinc finger protein 580 
               
               
                 ZNF587 
                 NM_032828 
                 zinc finger protein 587 
               
               
                 ZNF600 
                 NM_198457 
                 zinc finger protein 600 
               
               
                 ZNF605 
                 NM_183238 
                 zinc finger protein 605 
               
               
                 ZNF614 
                 NM_025040 
                 zinc finger protein 614 
               
               
                 ZNF621 
                 NM_198484 
                 zinc finger protein 621 
               
               
                 ZNF623 
                 NM_014789 
                 zinc finger protein 623 
               
               
                 ZNF628 
                 NM_033113 
                 zinc finger protein 628 
               
               
                 ZNF641 
                 NM_152320 
                 zinc finger protein 641 
               
               
                 ZNF644 
                 NM_016620 
                 zinc finger protein 644 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZNF651 
                 NM_145166 
                 zinc finger protein 651 
               
               
                 ZNF652 
                 NM_014897 
                 zinc finger protein 652 
               
               
                 ZNF662 
                 NM_207404 
                 zinc finger protein 662 
               
               
                 ZNF671 
                 NM_024833 
                 zinc finger protein 671 
               
               
                 ZNF672 
                 NM_024836 
                 zinc finger protein 672 
               
               
                 7NF689 
                 NM_138447 
                 zinc finger protein HIT-39 
               
               
                 ZNF694 
                 NM_001012981 
                 zinc finger protein 694 
               
               
                 ZNF70 
                 NM_021916 
                 zinc finger protein 70 
               
               
                 ZNF706 
                 NM_016096 
                 HSPC038 protein 
               
               
                 ZNF707 
                 NM_173831 
                 zinc finger protein 707 
               
               
                 ZNF710 
                 NM_198526 
                 zinc finger protein 710 
               
               
                 ZNF76 
                 NM_003427 
                 zinc finger protein 76 (expressed in testis) 
               
               
                 ZNFN1A1 
                 NM_006060 
                 zinc finger protein, subfamily 1A, 1 (Ikaros) 
               
               
                 ZNFN1A4 
                 NM_022465 
                 zinc finger protein, subfamily 1A, 4 
               
               
                 ZNFX1 
                 NM_021035 
                 zinc finger, NFX1-type containing 1 
               
               
                 ZNHIT1 
                 NM_006349 
                 zinc finger, HIT domain containing 1 
               
               
                 ZSCAN2 
                 NM_181877 
                 zinc finger protein 29 isoform 1 
               
               
                 ZSWIM4 
                 NM_023072 
                 zinc finger, SWIM domain containing 4 
               
               
                 ZXDB 
                 NM_007157 
                 zinc finger, X-linked, duplicated B 
               
               
                 ZXDC 
                 NM_025112 
                 ZXD family zinc finger C 
               
               
                 ZYG11B 
                 NM_024646 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79699 
               
               
                 ZYG11BL 
                 NM_006336 
                 zyg-11 homolog B ( C. elegans )-like 
               
               
                 ZZEF1 
                 NM_015113 
                 zinc finger, ZZ type with EF hand domain 1 
               
               
                 ZZZ3 
                 NM_015534 
                 zinc finger, ZZ domain containing 3 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Predicted hsa-miR-34a targets that exhibited altered mRNA expression levels in human 
               
               
                 cancer cells after transfection with pre-miR hsa-miR-34a. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 RefSeq 
                   
               
               
                   
                 Transcript ID 
               
               
                 Gene Symbol 
                 (Pruitt et al., 2005) 
                 Description 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 ABCA1 
                 NM_005502 
                 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A member 1 
               
               
                 ABLIM3 
                 NM_014945 
                 actin binding LIM protein family, member 3 
               
               
                 ANK3 
                 NM_001149 
                 ankyrin 3 isoform 2 
               
               
                 APPBP2 
                 NM_006380 
                 amyloid beta precursor protein-binding protein 
               
               
                 AQP3 
                 NM_004925 
                 aquaporin 3 
               
               
                 AREG 
                 NM_001657 
                 amphiregulin preproprotein 
               
               
                 ARHGAP1 
                 NM_004308 
                 Rho GTPase activating protein 1 
               
               
                 ARHGDIB 
                 NM_001175 
                 Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor (GDI) beta 
               
               
                 ARTS-1 
                 NM_016442 
                 type 1 tumor necrosis factor receptor shedding 
               
               
                 ATP1B3 
                 NM_001679 
                 Na+/K+ -ATPase beta 3 subunit 
               
               
                 ATXN1 
                 NM_000332 
                 ataxin 1 
               
               
                 AXL 
                 NM_001699 
                 AXL receptor tyrosine kinase isoform 2 
               
               
                 B4GALT1 
                 NM_001497 
                 UDP-Gal:betaGlcNAc beta 1,4- 
               
               
                 BCL10 
                 NM_003921 
                 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10 
               
               
                 BIRC5 
                 NM_001012270 
                 baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 
               
               
                 BRCA1 
                 NM_007306 
                 breast cancer 1, early onset isoform 
               
               
                 BRD4 
                 NM_014299 
                 bromodomain-containing protein 4 isoform short 
               
               
                 BTN3A2 
                 NM_007047 
                 butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A2 precursor 
               
               
                 C11orf9 
                 NM_013279 
                 hypothetical protein LOC745 
               
               
                 C19orf21 
                 NM_173481 
                 hypothetical protein LOC126353 
               
               
                 C1QL1 
                 NM_006688 
                 complement component 1, q subcomponent-like 1 
               
               
                 C8orf1 
                 NM_004337 
                 hypothetical protein LOC734 
               
               
                 CAP1 
                 NM_006367 
                 adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 
               
               
                 CASP2 
                 NM_032982 
                 caspase 2 isoform 1 preproprotein 
               
               
                 CASP7 
                 NM_001227 
                 caspase 7 isoform alpha precursor 
               
               
                 CCND1 
                 NM_053056 
                 cyclin D1 
               
               
                 CCND3 
                 NM_001760 
                 cyclin D3 
               
               
                 CDC23 
                 NM_004661 
                 cell division cycle protein 23 
               
               
                 CDH17 
                 NM_004063 
                 cadherin 17 precursor 
               
               
                 CHES1 
                 NM_005197 
                 checkpoint suppressor 1 
               
               
                 CLDN1 
                 NM_021101 
                 claudin 1 
               
               
                 COL5A1 
                 NM_000093 
                 alpha 1 type V collagen preproprotein 
               
               
                 COL6A2 
                 NM_058175 
                 alpha 2 type VI collagen isoform 2C2a precursor 
               
               
                 CRIP2 
                 NM_001312 
                 cysteine-rich protein 2 
               
               
                 CRISPLD2 
                 NM_031476 
                 cysteine-rich secretory protein LCCL domain 
               
               
                 CTDSPL 
                 NM_001008392 
                 small CTD phosphatase 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 CTNND1 
                 NM_001331 
                 catenin (cadherin-associated protein), delta 1 
               
               
                 CTSB 
                 NM_001908 
                 cathepsin B preproprotein 
               
               
                 CXCL1 
                 NM_001511 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 
               
               
                 CXCL2 
                 NM_002089 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 
               
               
                 CXCL5 
                 NM_002994 
                 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5 precursor 
               
               
                 CYR61 
                 NM_001554 
                 cysteine-rich, angiogenic inducer, 61 
               
               
                 DDX58 
                 NM_014314 
                 DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide 
               
               
                 DGAT1 
                 NM_012079 
                 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 
               
               
                 DKFZp564K142 
                 NM_032121 
                 implantation-associated protein 
               
               
                 DPYSL3 
                 NM_001387 
                 dihydropyrimidinase-like 3 
               
               
                 E2F5 
                 NM_001951 
                 E2F transcription factor 5 
               
               
                 EFHD2 
                 NM_024329 
                 EF hand domain family, member D2 
               
               
                 EI24 
                 NM_001007277 
                 etoposide induced 2.4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 F8 
                 NM_000132 
                 coagulation factor VIII isoform a precursor 
               
               
                 FAS 
                 NM_000043 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 FBXO17 
                 NM_024907 
                 F-box protein FBG4 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FKBP1B 
                 NM_004116 
                 FK506-binding protein 1B isoform a 
               
               
                 FLJ14154 
                 NM_024845 
                 hypothetical protein LOC79903 
               
               
                 FLJ20232 
                 NM_019008 
                 hypothetical protein LOC54471 
               
               
                 FLJ20489 
                 NM_017842 
                 hypothetical protein LOC55652 
               
               
                 FLOT2 
                 NM_004475 
                 flotillin 2 
               
               
                 FLRT3 
                 NM_013281 
                 fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein 3 
               
               
                 FOSL1 
                 NM_005438 
                 FOS-like antigen 1 
               
               
                 FOXM1 
                 NM_021953 
                 forkhead box M1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 FSTL1 
                 NM_007085 
                 follistatin-like 1 precursor 
               
               
                 FXYD2 
                 NM_001680 
                 FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 2 
               
               
                 GALNT7 
                 NM_017423 
                 polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 7 
               
               
                 GLS 
                 NM_014905 
                 glutaminase C 
               
               
                 GMNN 
                 NM_015895 
                 geminin 
               
               
                 GNPDA1 
                 NM_005471 
                 glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase 1 
               
               
                 GORASP2 
                 NM_015530 
                 golgi reassembly stacking protein 2 
               
               
                 GPR64 
                 NM_005756 
                 G protein-coupled receptor 64 
               
               
                 GTSE1 
                 NM_016426 
                 G-2 and S-phase expressed 1 
               
               
                 GYG2 
                 NM_003918 
                 glycogenin 2 
               
               
                 HDAC1 
                 NM_004964 
                 histone deacetylase 1 
               
               
                 HIC2 
                 NM_015094 
                 hypermethylated in cancer 2 
               
               
                 HLX1 
                 NM_021958 
                 H2.0-like homeo box 1 
               
               
                 HMGCS1 
                 NM_002130 
                 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase 1 
               
               
                 HMGN4 
                 NM_006353 
                 high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain 
               
               
                 HMMR 
                 NM_012484 
                 hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor isoform a 
               
               
                 IL1RL1 
                 NM_003856 
                 interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 isoform 2 
               
               
                 INHBB 
                 NM_002193 
                 inhibin beta B subunit precursor 
               
               
                 IRF1 
                 NM_002198 
                 interferon regulatory factor 1 
               
               
                 ITGAM 
                 NM_000632 
                 integrin alpha M precursor 
               
               
                 ITPR2 
                 NM_002223 
                 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 2 
               
               
                 KCNK3 
                 NM_002246 
                 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 3 
               
               
                 KCNMA1 
                 NM_001014797 
                 large conductance calcium-activated potassium 
               
               
                 KIF11 
                 NM_004523 
                 kinesin family member 11 
               
               
                 KLC2 
                 NM_022822 
                 likely ortholog of kinesin light chain 2 
               
               
                 KLF4 
                 NM_004235 
                 Kruppel-like factor 4 
               
               
                 KRT20 
                 NM_019010 
                 keratin 20 
               
               
                 LEPREL1 
                 NM_018192 
                 leprecan-like 1 
               
               
                 LGR4 
                 NM_018490 
                 leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled 
               
               
                 LHX2 
                 NM_004789 
                 LIM homeobox protein 2 
               
               
                 LITAF 
                 NM_004862 
                 LPS-induced TNF-alpha factor 
               
               
                 LMAN2L 
                 NM_030805 
                 lectin, mannose-binding 2-like 
               
               
                 LNK 
                 NM_005475 
                 lymphocyte adaptor protein 
               
               
                 LOC93349 
                 NM_138402 
                 hypothetical protein LOC93349 
               
               
                 LPIN1 
                 NM_145693 
                 lipin 1 
               
               
                 LRRC40 
                 NM_017768 
                 leucine rich repeat containing 40 
               
               
                 LYST 
                 NM_000081 
                 lysosomal trafficking regulator isoform 1 
               
               
                 MAFF 
                 NM_012323 
                 transcription factor MAFF 
               
               
                 MAP7 
                 NM_003980 
                 microtubule-associated protein 7 
               
               
                 MARCH8 
                 NM_001002265 
                 cellular modulator of immune recognition 
               
               
                 MCL1 
                 NM_021960 
                 myeloid cell leukemia sequence 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MET 
                 NM_000245 
                 met proto-oncogene precursor 
               
               
                 MFN2 
                 NM_014874 
                 mitofusin 2 
               
               
                 MK167 
                 NM_002417 
                 antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki-67 
               
               
                 MPHOSPH6 
                 NM_005792 
                 M-phase phosphoprotein 6 
               
               
                 MTUS1 
                 NM_001001924 
                 mitochondrial tumor suppressor 1 isoform 1 
               
               
                 MXD4 
                 NM_006454 
                 MAD4 
               
               
                 MYL9 
                 NM_006097 
                 myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 isoform a 
               
               
                 NAV3 
                 NM_014903 
                 neuron navigator 3 
               
               
                 NF2 
                 NM_000268 
                 neurofibromin 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 NFYC 
                 NM_014223 
                 nuclear transcription factor Y, gamma 
               
               
                 NINJ1 
                 NM_004148 
                 ninjurin 1 
               
               
                 NMT2 
                 NM_004808 
                 glycylpeptide N-tetradecanoyltransferase 2 
               
               
                 NPTX1 
                 NM_002522 
                 neuronal pentraxin I precursor 
               
               
                 NR4A2 
                 NM_006186 
                 nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 2 
               
               
                 NRP2 
                 NM_003872 
                 neuropilin 2 isoform 2 precursor 
               
               
                 NUP210 
                 NM_024923 
                 nucleoporin 210 
               
               
                 PALM2-AKAP2 
                 NM_007203 
                 PALM2-AKAP2 protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 PDCD2 
                 NM_144781 
                 programmed cell death 2 isoform 2 
               
               
                 PER2 
                 NM_022817 
                 period 2 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PIK3CD 
                 NM_005026 
                 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, delta 
               
               
                 PODXL 
                 NM_001018111 
                 podocalyxin-like precursor isoform 1 
               
               
                 PPL 
                 NM_002705 
                 Periplakin 
               
               
                 PPP1R11 
                 NM_021959 
                 protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) 
               
               
                 PROSC 
                 NM_007198 
                 proline synthetase co-transcribed homolog 
               
               
                 PSME3 
                 NM_005789 
                 proteasome activator subunit 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 PTPRE 
                 NM_006504 
                 protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, E 
               
               
                 RAI14 
                 NM_015577 
                 retinoic acid induced 14 
               
               
                 RASSF2 
                 NM_014737 
                 Ras association domain family 2 
               
               
                 RHEB 
                 NM_005614 
                 Ras homolog enriched in brain 
               
               
                 RIP 
                 NM_001033002 
                 RPA interacting protein isoform 1 
               
               
                 RRAD 
                 NM_004165 
                 Ras-related associated with diabetes 
               
               
                 RRAS 
                 NM_006270 
                 related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog 
               
               
                 SERPINE1 
                 NM_000602 
                 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 
               
               
                 SGPP1 
                 NM_030791 
                 sphingosine-1-phosphatase 
               
               
                 SGSH 
                 NM_000199 
                 N-sulfoglucosamine sulfohydrolase (sulfamidase) 
               
               
                 SH3GL1 
                 NM_003025 
                 SH3-domain GRB2-like 1 
               
               
                 SIRT1 
                 NM_012238 
                 sirtuin 1 
               
               
                 SLC29A1 
                 NM_004955 
                 solute carrier family 29 (nucleoside 
               
               
                 SLC6A6 
                 NM_003043 
                 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter 
               
               
                 SMAD3 
                 NM_005902 
                 MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 
               
               
                 SPARC 
                 NM_003118 
                 secreted protein, acidic, cysteine-rich 
               
               
                 SPFH1 
                 NM_006459 
                 SPFH domain family, member 1 
               
               
                 STC1 
                 NM_003155 
                 stanniocalcin 1 precursor 
               
               
                 SVIL 
                 NM_003174 
                 supervillin isoform 1 
               
               
                 SWAP70 
                 NM_015055 
                 SWAP-70 protein 
               
               
                 SYT1 
                 NM_005639 
                 synaptotagmin I 
               
               
                 TGFBR2 
                 NM_001024847 
                 TGF-beta type II receptor isoform A precursor 
               
               
                 THBD 
                 NM_000361 
                 thrombomodulin precursor 
               
               
                 TIMM13 
                 NM_012458 
                 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 13 
               
               
                 TK1 
                 NM_003258 
                 thymidine kinase 1, soluble 
               
               
                 TM4SF4 
                 NM_004617 
                 transmembrane 4 superfamily member 4 
               
               
                 TMEM48 
                 NM_018087 
                 transmembrane protein 48 
               
               
                 TNFRSF9 
                 NM_001561 
                 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, 
               
               
                 TPD52 
                 NM_001025252 
                 tumor protein D52 isoform 1 
               
               
                 TPI1 
                 NM_000365 
                 triosephosphate isomerase 1 
               
               
                 TRIM14 
                 NM_014788 
                 tripartite motif protein TRIM14 isoform alpha 
               
               
                 TRIM22 
                 NM_006074 
                 tripartite motif-containing 22 
               
               
                 TRIO 
                 NM_007118 
                 triple functional domain (PTPRF interacting) 
               
               
                 TSN 
                 NM_004622 
                 Translin 
               
               
                 TUBB 
                 NM_178014 
                 tubulin, beta polypeptide 
               
               
                 UBE2L3 
                 NM_003347 
                 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3 isoform 1 
               
               
                 UROS 
                 NM_000375 
                 uroporphyrinogen III synthase 
               
               
                 VPS4A 
                 NM_013245 
                 vacuolar protein sorting factor 4A 
               
               
                 WHSC1 
                 NM_007331 
                 Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 protein 
               
               
                 XBP1 
                 NM_005080 
                 X-box binding protein 1 
               
               
                 YKT6 
                 NM_006555 
                 YKT6 v-SNARE protein 
               
               
                 ZNF238 
                 NM_006352 
                 zinc finger protein 238 isoform 2 
               
               
                 ZNF281 
                 NM_012482 
                 zinc finger protein 281 
               
               
                 ZNF551 
                 NM_138347 
                 zinc finger protein 551 
               
               
                 ZNF580 
                 NM_016202 
                 zinc finger protein 580 
               
               
                 ZNF652 
                 NM_014897 
                 zinc finger protein 652 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Predicted gene targets are shown in Table 3. Target genes whose mRNA expression levels are affected by hsa-miR-34 represent particularly useful candidates for cancer therapy and therapy of other diseases or conditions through manipulation of their expression levels. 
     Certain embodiments of the invention include determining expression of one or more marker, gene, or nucleic acid segment representative of one or more genes, by using an amplification assay, a hybridization assay, or protein assay, a variety of which are well known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In certain aspects, an amplification assay can be a quantitative amplification assay, such as quantitative RT-PCR or the like. In still further aspects, a hybridization assay can include array hybridization assays or solution hybridization assays. The nucleic acids from a sample may be labeled from the sample and/or hybridizing the labeled nucleic acid to one or more nucleic acid probes. Nucleic acids, mRNA, and/or nucleic acid probes may be coupled to a support. Such supports are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and include, but are not limited to glass, plastic, metal, or latex. In particular aspects of the invention, the support can be planar or in the form of a bead or other geometric shapes or configurations known in the art. Proteins are typically assayed by immunoblotting, chromatography, or mass spectrometry or other methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     The present invention also concerns kits containing compositions of the invention or compositions to implement methods of the invention. In some embodiments, kits can be used to evaluate one or more marker molecules, and/or express one or more miRNA or miRNA inhibitor. In certain embodiments, a kit contains, contains at least or contains at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 100, 150, 200 or more probes, recombinant nucleic acid, or synthetic nucleic acid molecules related to the markers to be assessed or an miRNA or miRNA inhibitor to be expressed or modulated, and may include any range or combination derivable therein. Kits may comprise components, which may be individually packaged or placed in a container, such as a tube, bottle, vial, syringe, or other suitable container means. Individual components may also be provided in a kit in concentrated amounts; in some embodiments, a component is provided individually in the same concentration as it would be in a solution with other components. Concentrations of components may be provided as 1×, 2×, 5×, 10×, or 20× or more. Kits for using probes, synthetic nucleic acids, recombinant nucleic acids, or non-synthetic nucleic acids of the invention for therapeutic, prognostic, or diagnostic applications are included as part of the invention. Specifically contemplated are any such molecules corresponding to any miRNA reported to influence biological activity or expression of one or more marker gene or gene pathway described herein. In certain aspects, negative and/or positive controls are included in some kit embodiments. The control molecules can be used to verify transfection efficiency and/or control for transfection-induced changes in cells. 
     Certain embodiments are directed to a kit for assessment of a pathological condition or the risk of developing a pathological condition in a patient by nucleic acid profiling of a sample comprising, in suitable container means, two or more nucleic acid hybridization or amplification reagents. The kit can comprise reagents for labeling nucleic acids in a sample and/or nucleic acid hybridization reagents. The hybridization reagents typically comprise hybridization probes. Amplification reagents include, but are not limited to amplification primers, reagents, and enzymes. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, an expression profile is generated by steps that include: (a) labeling nucleic acid in the sample; (b) hybridizing the nucleic acid to a number of probes, or amplifying a number of nucleic acids, and (c) determining and/or quantitating nucleic acid hybridization to the probes or detecting and quantitating amplification products, wherein an expression profile is generated. See U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/575,743 and the U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/649,584, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/141,707 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/273,640, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     Methods of the invention involve diagnosing and/or assessing the prognosis of a patient based on a miRNA and/or a marker nucleic acid expression profile. In certain embodiments, the elevation or reduction in the level of expression of a particular gene or genetic pathway or set of nucleic acids in a cell is correlated with a disease state or pathological condition compared to the expression level of the same in a normal or non-pathologic cell or tissue sample. This correlation allows for diagnostic and/or prognostic methods to be carried out when the expression level of one or more nucleic acid is measured in a biological sample being assessed and then compared to the expression level of a normal or non-pathologic cell or tissue sample. It is specifically contemplated that expression profiles for patients, particularly those suspected of having or having a propensity for a particular disease or condition such as cancer, can be generated by evaluating any of or sets of the miRNAs and/or nucleic acids discussed in this application. The expression profile that is generated from the patient will be one that provides information regarding the particular disease or condition. In many embodiments, the profile is generated using nucleic acid hybridization or amplification, (e.g., array hybridization or RT-PCR). In certain aspects, an expression profile can be used in conjunction with other diagnostic and/or prognostic tests, such as histology, protein profiles in the serum and/or cytogenetic assessment. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Tumor associated mRNAs altered by hsa-miR-34a having prognostic or therapeutic value for the treatment 
               
               
                 of various malignancies. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Gene 
                   
                 Cellular 
                   
                   
               
               
                 Symbol 
                 Gene Title 
                 Process 
                 Cancer Type 
                 Reference 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AKAP12 
                 Akap-12/ 
                 signal 
                 CRC, PC, LC, GC, AML, 
                 (Xia et al., 2001; Wikman et al., 2002; Boultwood et al., 
               
               
                   
                 SSeCKS/Gravin 
                 transduction 
                 CML 
                 2004; Choi et al., 2004; Mori et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 ANG 
                 Angiogenin 
                 angiogenesis 
                 BC, OC, M, PaC, UC, CeC 
                 (Barton et al., 1997; Montero et al., 1998; Hartmann et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 1999; Miyake et al., 1999; Shimoyama et al., 1999; Bodner- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Adler et al., 2001) 
               
               
                 AREG 
                 Amphiregulin 
                 signal 
                 HCC, NSCLC, MM, PC, 
                 (Kitadai et al., 1993; Ebert et al., 1994; Solic and Davies, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
                 OC, CRC, PaC, GC 
                 1997; D&#39;Antonio et al., 2002; Bostwick et al., 2004; Ishikawa 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 et al., 2005; Mahtouk et al., 2005; Castillo et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 AURKB/ 
                 aurora kinase B 
                 chromosomal 
                 PC, NSCLC, BC, CRC 
                 (Keen and Taylor, 2004; Smith et al., 2005; Chieffi et al., 
               
               
                 STK12 
                   
                 stability 
                   
                 2006) 
               
               
                 BCL10 
                 BCL-10 
                 signal 
                 MALT BCL 
                 (Thome, 2004) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
               
               
                 BRCA1 
                 BRCA-1 
                 chromosomal 
                 BC, OC 
                 (Wooster and Weber, 2003) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 stability 
                   
               
               
                 BRCA2 
                 BRCA-2 
                 chromosomal 
                 BC, OC 
                 (Wooster and Weber, 2003) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 stability 
               
               
                 BUB1 
                 BUB1 
                 chromosomal 
                 AML, SGT, ALL, HL, L, 
                 (Cahill et al., 1998; Qian et al., 2002; Ru et al., 2002; 
               
               
                   
                   
                 stability 
                 CRC, GC 
                 Grabsch et al., 2003; Shigeishi et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 CCNA2 
                 cyclin A2 
                 cell cycle 
                 AML 
                 (Qian et al., 2002) 
               
               
                 CCND1 
                 cyclin D1 
                 cell cycle 
                 MCL, BC, SCCHN, OepC, 
                 (Donnellan and Chetty, 1998) 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 HCC, CRC, BldC, EC, OC, 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 M, AC, GB, GC, PaC 
               
               
                 CCND3 
                 cyclin D3 
                 cell cycle 
                 EC, TC, BldC, CRC, LSCC, 
                 (Florenes et al., 2000; Ito et al., 2001; Filipits et al., 2002; Bai 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 BCL, PaC, M 
                 et al., 2003; Pruneri et al., 2005; Tanami et al., 2005; Lopez- 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Beltran et al., 2006; Troncone et al., 2007; Wu et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 CDK4 
                 CDK-4 
                 cell cycle 
                 G, GB, BC, LC, GC, EC, L, 
                 (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2001) 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 OS, OC, TT, HCC, CHN 
               
               
                 CDKN2C 
                 CDK inhibitor 2C 
                 cell cycle 
                 HB, MB, HCC, HL, MM 
                 (Iolascon et al., 1998; Kulkami et al., 2002; Morishita et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2004; Sanchez-Aguilera et al., 2004) 
               
               
                 CTGF 
                 CTGF/IGFBP-8 
                 cell adhesion, 
                 BC, GB, OepC, RMS, CRC, 
                 (Hishikawa et al., 1999; Shimo et al., 2001; Koliopanos et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                 migration 
                 PC, 
                 2002; Pan et al., 2002; Croci et al., 2004; Lin et al., 2005; 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Yang et al., 2005) 
               
               
                 EIF3S3 
                 eIF-3 subunit 3g 
                 translation 
                 BC, PC, HCC 
                 (Nupponen et at., 1999; Nupponen et al., 2000; Okamoto et 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 al., 2003) 
               
               
                 FAS 
                 Fas 
                 apoptosis 
                 NSCLC, G, L, CRC, OepC 
                 (Moller et al., 1994; Gratas et al., 1998; Martinez-Lorenzo et 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 al., 1998; Shinoura et al., 2000; Viard-Leveugle et al., 2003) 
               
               
                 FOXM1 
                 forkhead box M1 
                 transcription 
                 GB, LC, PC 
                 (Kalin et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 GMNN 
                 Geminin 
                 DNA 
                 CRC, BC, CeC 
                 (Wohlschlegel et al., 2002; Bravou et al., 2005; Shetty et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                 replication 
                   
                 2005) 
               
               
                 HDAC1 
                 HDAC-1 
                 transcription 
                 BC, PC 
                 (Kawai et al., 2003; Halkidou et al., 2004) 
               
               
                 IL8 
                 IL-8 
                 signal 
                 BC, CRC, PaC, NSCLC, PC, 
                 (Akiba et al., 2001; Sparmann and Bar-Sagi, 2004) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
                 HCC 
               
               
                 JUN 
                 c-Jun 
                 transcription 
                 HL, HCC 
                 (Eferl et al., 2003; Weiss and Bohmann, 2004) 
               
               
                 LMO4 
                 Lmo-4 
                 transcription 
                 BC, SCCHN, SCLC 
                 (Visvader et al., 2001; Mizunuma et al., 2003; Taniwaki et 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 al., 2006) 
               
               
                 MCAM 
                 MCAM 
                 cell adhesion 
                 M, AS, KS, LMS 
                 (Boccaccia and Comoglio, 2006) 
               
               
                 MCL1 
                 Mcl-1 
                 apoptosis 
                 HCC, MM, TT, CLL, 
                 (Krajewska et al., 1996; Kitada et al., 1998; Cho-Vega et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 ALCL, BCL, PC 
                 2004; Rust et al., 2005; Sano et al., 2005; Wuilleme-Toumi et 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 al., 2005; Fleischer et al., 2006; Sieghart et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 MET 
                 c-Met 
                 signal 
                 SPRC, HCC, GC, SCCHN, 
                 (Boccaccio and Comoglio, 2006) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
                 OS, RMS, GB, BC, M, 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 CRC, GI, PaC, PC, OC 
               
               
                 MLF1 
                 myeloid leukemia 
                 cell cycle 
                 AML 
                 (Matsumoto et al., 2000) 
               
               
                   
                 factor 1 
               
               
                 MYBL2 
                 Myb L2 
                 transcription 
                 BC, NSCLC, PC, OC 
                 (Tanner et al., 2000; Bar-Shira et al., 2002; Borczuk et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 2003; Ginestier et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 NF1 
                 NF-1 
                 signal 
                 G, AC, NF, PCC, ML 
                 (Rubin and Gutmann, 2005) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
               
               
                 NF2 
                 Merlin/NF-2 
                 cell adhesion 
                 Schw, TC, HCC, MG, MT 
                 (McClatchey and Giovannini, 2005) 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 of lung 
               
               
                 PBX1 
                 PBX-1 
                 transcription 
                 ALL 
                 (Aspland et al., 2001) 
               
               
                 PIK3CD 
                 PI 3-kinase IA 
                 signal 
                 AML, MSS, GI 
                 (Vogt et al., 2006) 
               
               
                   
                 delta (p110 delta) 
                 transduction 
                   
               
               
                 PLK1 
                 polo-like kinase 1 
                 chromosomal 
                 NSCLC, OrpC, OepC, GC, 
                 (Strebhardt and Ullrich, 2006) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 stability  
                 M, BC, OC, EC, CRC, GB, 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 PapC, PaC, PC, HB, NHL 
               
               
                 RASSF2 
                 RASSF2 
                 signal 
                 GC, CRC, OC 
                 (Akino et al., 2005; Endoh et al., 2005; Lambros et al., 2005) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
               
               
                 RBL1 
                 p107 
                 cell cycle 
                 BCL, PC, CRC, TC 
                 (Takimoto et al., 1998; Claudio et al., 2002; Wu et al., 2002; 
               
               
                   
                   
                 signal 
                   
                 Ito et al., 2003) 
               
               
                 RRAS 
                 R-RAS 
                 transduction 
                 CeC, BC 
                 (Yu and Feig, 2002; Rincon-Arano et al., 2003) 
               
               
                 SMAD3 
                 SMAD-3 
                 signal 
                 GC, CRC, HCC, BC, ALL 
                 (Zhu et al., 1998; Han et al., 2004; Liu and Matsuura, 2005; 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
                   
                 Yamagata et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 TACSTD1 
                 tumor-associated 
                 cell adhesion, 
                 NSCLC, CRC 
                 (Xi et al., 2006a; Xi et al., 2006b) 
               
               
                   
                 calcium signal 
                 vesicle 
               
               
                   
                 transducer 1 
                 trafficking 
               
               
                 TGFB2 
                 TGF beta-2 
                 signal 
                 PaC, CRC, BC, M 
                 (Krasagakis et al., 1998; Jonson et al., 2001; Nakagawa et al., 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
                   
                 2004; Beisner et al., 2006) 
               
               
                 TGFBR2 
                 TGF beta receptor 
                 signal 
                 BC, CRC 
               
               
                   
                 type II 
                 transduction 
                   
                 (Markowitz, 2000; Lucke et al., 2001; Biswas et al., 2004) 
               
               
                 TPD52 
                 tumor protein D52 
                 signal 
                 BC, LC, PC, OC, EC, HCC 
                 (Boutros et al., 2004) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
               
               
                 TXN 
                 thioredoxin (trx) 
                 thioredoxin 
                 LC, PaC, CeC, HCC  
                 (Marks, 2006) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 redox system 
                   
               
               
                 WNT7B 
                 Wnt-7b 
                 signal 
                 BC, BldC  
                 (Huguet et al., 1994; Bui et al., 1998) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transduction 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Abbreviations: 
               
               
                 AC, astrocytoma; 
               
               
                 ALCL, anaplastic large cell lymphoma; 
               
               
                 ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; 
               
               
                 AML, acute myeloid leukemia; 
               
               
                 AS, angiosarcoma; 
               
               
                 BC, breast carcinoma; 
               
               
                 BCL, B-cell lymphoma; 
               
               
                 BldC, bladder carcinoma; 
               
               
                 CeC, cervical carcinoma; 
               
               
                 CHN, carcinoma of the head and neck; 
               
               
                 CLL, chronic lymphocytic leukemia; 
               
               
                 CML, chronic myeloid leukemia; 
               
               
                 CRC, colorectal carcinoma; 
               
               
                 EC, endometrial carcinoma; 
               
               
                 G, glioma; 
               
               
                 GB, glioblastoma; 
               
               
                 GC, gastric carcinoma; 
               
               
                 GI, gastrinoma; 
               
               
                 HB, hepatoblastoma; 
               
               
                 HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; 
               
               
                 HL, Hodgkin lymphoma; 
               
               
                 KS, Kaposi&#39;s sarcoma; 
               
               
                 L, leukemia; 
               
               
                 LC, lung carcinoma; 
               
               
                 LMS, leiomyosarcoma; 
               
               
                 LSCC, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; 
               
               
                 M, melanoma; 
               
               
                 MALT BCL, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma; 
               
               
                 MB, medulloblastoma; 
               
               
                 MCL, mantle cell lymphoma; 
               
               
                 MG, meningioma; 
               
               
                 ML, myeloid leukemia; 
               
               
                 MM, multiple myeloma; 
               
               
                 MSS, high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome; 
               
               
                 MT, mesothelioma; 
               
               
                 NF, neurofibroma; 
               
               
                 NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; 
               
               
                 NSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma; 
               
               
                 OC, ovarian carcinoma; 
               
               
                 OepC, esophageal carcinoma; 
               
               
                 OrpC, oropharyngeal carcinoma; 
               
               
                 OS, osteosarcoma; 
               
               
                 PaC, pancreatic carcinoma; 
               
               
                 PapC, papillary carcinoma; 
               
               
                 PC, prostate carcinoma; 
               
               
                 PCC, pheochromocytoma; 
               
               
                 RMS, rhabdomyosarcoma; 
               
               
                 SCCHN, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; 
               
               
                 Schw, schwannoma; 
               
               
                 SCLC, small cell lung cancer; 
               
               
                 SGT, salivary gland tumor; 
               
               
                 SPRC, sporadic papillary renal carcinoma; 
               
               
                 TC, thyroid carcinoma; 
               
               
                 TT, testicular tumor; 
               
               
                 UC, urothelial carcinoma 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The methods can further comprise one or more of the steps including: (a) obtaining a sample from the patient, (b) isolating nucleic acids from the sample, (c) labeling the nucleic acids isolated from the sample, and (d) hybridizing the labeled nucleic acids to one or more probes. Nucleic acids of the invention include one or more nucleic acid comprising at least one segment having a sequence or complementary sequence of to a nucleic acid representative of one or more of genes or markers in Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. 
     It is contemplated that any method or composition described herein can be implemented with respect to any other method or composition described herein and that different embodiments may be combined. It is specifically contemplated that any methods and compositions discussed herein with respect to miRNA molecules, miRNA, genes, and Certain embodiments of the invention include determining expression of one or more marker, gene, or nucleic acid representative thereof, by using an amplification assay, a hybridization assay, or protein assay, a variety of which are well known to one of ordinary skill in the art. In certain aspects, an amplification assay can be a quantitative amplification assay, such as quantitative RT-PCR or the like. In still further aspects, a hybridization assay can include array hybridization assays or solution hybridization assays. The nucleic acids from a sample may be labeled from the sample and/or hybridizing the labeled nucleic acid to one or more nucleic acid probes. Nucleic acids, mRNA, and/or nucleic acid probes may be coupled to a support. Such supports are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and include, but are not limited to glass, plastic, metal, or latex. In particular aspects of the invention, the support can be planar or in the form of a bead or other geometric shapes or configurations known in the art. Protein are typically assayed by immunoblotting, chromatography, or mass spectrometry or other methods known to those of ordinary skill in the art. 
     The present invention also concerns kits containing compositions of the invention or compositions to implement methods of the invention. In some embodiments, kits can be used to evaluate one or more marker molecules, and/or express one or more miRNA. In certain embodiments, a kit contains, contains at least or contains at most 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 100, 150, 200 or more probes, recombinant nucleic acid, or synthetic nucleic acid molecules related to the markers to be assessed or an miRNA to be expressed or modulated, and may include any range or combination derivable therein. Kits may comprise components, which may be individually packaged or placed in a container, such as a tube, bottle, vial, syringe, or other suitable container means. Individual components may also be provided in a kit in concentrated amounts; in some embodiments, a component is provided individually in the same concentration as it would be in a solution with other components. Concentrations of components may be provided as 1×, 2×, 5×, 10×, or 20× or more. Kits for using probes, synthetic nucleic acids, recombinant nucleic acids, or non-synthetic nucleic acids of the invention for therapeutic, prognostic, or diagnostic applications are included as part of the invention. Specifically contemplated are any such molecules corresponding to any miRNA reported to influence biological activity or expression of one or more marker gene or gene pathway described herein. In certain aspects, negative and/or positive controls are included in some kit embodiments. The control molecules can be used to verify transfection efficiency and/or control for transfection-induced changes in cells. 
     Certain embodiments are directed to a kit for assessment of a pathological condition or the risk of developing a pathological condition in a patient by nucleic acid profiling of a sample comprising, in suitable container means, two or more nucleic acid hybridization or amplification reagents. The kit can comprise reagents for labeling nucleic acids in a sample and/or nucleic acid hybridization reagents. The hybridization reagents typically comprise hybridization probes. Amplification reagents include, but are not limited to amplification primers, reagents, and enzymes. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, an expression profile is generated by steps that include: (a) labeling nucleic acid in the sample; (b) hybridizing the nucleic acid to a number of probes, or amplifying a number of nucleic acids, and (c) determining and/or quantitating nucleic acid hybridization to the probes or detecting and quantitating amplification products, wherein an expression profile is generated. See U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/575,743 and the U.S. Provisional Patent Application 60/649,584, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/141,707 and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/273,640, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     Methods of the invention involve diagnosing and/or assessing the prognosis of a patient based on a miRNA and/or a marker nucleic acid expression profile. In certain embodiments, the elevation or reduction in the level of expression of a particular gene or genetic pathway or set of nucleic acids in a cell is correlated with a disease state or pathological condition compared to the expression level of the same in a normal or non-pathologic cell or tissue sample. This correlation allows for diagnostic and/or prognostic methods to be carried out when the expression level of one or more nucleic acid is measured in a biological sample being assessed and then compared to the expression level of a normal or non-pathologic cell or tissue sample. It is specifically contemplated that expression profiles for patients, particularly those suspected of having or having a propensity for a particular disease or condition such as cancer, can be generated by evaluating any of or sets of the miRNAs and/or nucleic acids discussed in this application. The expression profile that is generated from the patient will be one that provides information regarding the particular disease or condition. In many embodiments, the profile is generated using nucleic acid hybridization or amplification, (e.g., array hybridization or RT-PCR). In certain aspects, an expression profile can be used in conjunction with other diagnostic and/or prognostic tests, such as histology, protein profiles in the serum and/or cytogenetic assessment. 
     The methods can further comprise one or more of the steps including: (a) obtaining a sample from the patient, (b) isolating nucleic acids from the sample, (c) labeling the nucleic acids isolated from the sample, and (d) hybridizing the labeled nucleic acids to one or more probes. Nucleic acids of the invention include one or more nucleic acid comprising at least one segment having a sequence or complementary sequence of to a nucleic acid representative of one or more of genes or markers in Table 1, 3, 4, and/or 5. 
     It is contemplated that any method or composition described herein can be implemented with respect to any other method or composition described herein and that different embodiments may be combined. It is specifically contemplated that any methods and compositions discussed herein with respect to miRNA molecules, miRNA, genes and nucleic acids representative of genes may be implemented with respect to synthetic nucleic acids. In some embodiments the synthetic nucleic acid is exposed to the proper conditions to allow it to become a processed or mature nucleic acid, such as a miRNA under physiological circumstances. The claims originally filed are contemplated to cover claims that are multiply dependent on any filed claim or combination of filed claims. 
     Also, any embodiment of the invention involving specific genes (including representative fragments there of), mRNA, or miRNAs by name is contemplated also to cover embodiments involving miRNAs whose sequences are at least 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99% identical to the mature sequence of the specified miRNA. 
     It will be further understood that shorthand notations are employed such that a generic description of a gene or marker thereof, or of a miRNA refers to any of its gene family members (distinguished by a number) or representative fragments thereof, unless otherwise indicated. It is understood by those of skill in the art that a “gene family” refers to a group of genes having the same coding sequence or miRNA coding sequence. Typically, miRNA members of a gene family are identified by a number following the initial designation. For example, miR-16-1 and miR-16-2 are members of the miR-16 gene family and “mir-7” refers to miR-7-1, miR-7-2 and miR-7-3. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, a shorthand notation refers to related miRNAs (distinguished by a letter). Exceptions to these shorthand notations will be otherwise identified. 
     Other embodiments of the invention are discussed throughout this application. Any embodiment discussed with respect to one aspect of the invention applies to other aspects of the invention as well and vice versa. The embodiments in the Example and Detailed Description section are understood to be embodiments of the invention that are applicable to all aspects of the invention. 
     The terms “inhibiting,” “reducing,” or “prevention,” or any variation of these terms, when used in the claims and/or the specification includes any measurable decrease or complete inhibition to achieve a desired result. 
     The use of the word “a” or “an” when used in conjunction with the term “comprising” in the claims and/or the specification may mean “one,” but it is also consistent with the meaning of “one or more,” “at least one,” and “one or more than one.” 
     Throughout this application, the term “about” is used to indicate that a value includes the standard deviation of error for the device or method being employed to determine the value. 
     The use of the term “or” in the claims is used to mean “and/or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually exclusive, although the disclosure supports a definition that refers to only alternatives and “and/or.” 
     As used in this specification and claim(s), the words “comprising” (and any form of comprising, such as “comprise” and “comprises”), “having” (and any form of having, such as “have” and “has”), “including” (and any form of including, such as “includes” and “include”) or “containing” (and any form of containing, such as “contains” and “contain”) are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps. 
     Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating specific embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The following drawings form part of the present specification and are included to further demonstrate certain aspects of the present invention. The invention may be better understood by reference to one or more of these drawings in combination with the detailed description of specific embodiments presented herein. 
         FIG. 1 . Percent (%) proliferation of eight human lung cancer cell lines treated with hsa-miR-34a and other compounds, relative to cells treated with negative control miRNA (100%). Abbreviations: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; siEg5, siRNA against the motor protein kinesin 11 (Eg5); Etopo, etoposide; NC, negative control miRNA. Standard deviations are indicated in the graph. 
         FIG. 2 . Long-term effects of hsa-miR-34a on cultured human H226 lung cancer cell numbers. Equal numbers of H226 cells were electroporated with 1.6 μM hsa-miR-34a (white squares) or negative control miRNA (NC, black diamonds), seeded and propagated in regular growth medium. When the control cells reached confluence (days 6, 17 and 25), cells were harvested, counted and electroporated again with the respective miRNAs. The population doubling and cumulative cell counts was calculated and plotted on a linear scale. Arrows represent electroporation days. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 3 . Percent (%) proliferation of H460 lung cancer cells following administration of various combinations of microRNAs. A positive sign under each bar in the graph indicates that the miRNA was present in the administered combination. Standard deviations are shown in the graph. Abbreviations: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; miR-124a, hsa-miR-124a; miR-126, hsa-miR-126; miR-147, hsa-miR-147; let-7b, hsa-let-7b; let-7c, hsa-let-7c; let-7g, hsa-let-7g; Etopo, etoposide; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 4 . Average tumor volumes in groups of six (n=6) mice carrying human H460 lung cancer xenografts. Palpable tumors were treated with hsa-miR-34a (white squares) or with a negative control miRNA (NC, black diamonds) on days 11, 14, and 17 (arrows). Standard deviations are shown in the graph. Data points with p values&lt;0.1, &lt;0.05 and &lt;0.01 are indicated by a cross, an asterisk or circles, respectively. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 5 . Percent (%) proliferation of hsa-miR-34a treated human prostate cancer cells relative to cells treated with negative control miRNA (100%). Abbreviations: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; siEg5, siRNA against the motor protein kinesin 11 (Eg5); NC, negative control miRNA. Standard deviations are indicated in the graph. 
         FIG. 6 . Long-term effects of hsa-miR-34a on cultured human PPC-1, PC3 and Du145 prostate cancer cells. Equal numbers cells were electroporated with 1.6 μM hsa-miR-34a (white squares) or negative control miRNA (NC, black diamonds), seeded and propagated in regular growth medium. When the control cells reached confluence (days 4 and 11 for PPC-1, days 7 and 14 for PC3 and Du145), cells were harvested, counted and electroporated again with the respective miRNAs. The population doubling and cumulative cell counts was calculated and plotted on a linear scale. Arrows represent electroporation days. Experiments with PC3 and Du145 cells were carried out in triplicates. Standard deviations are shown in the graphs. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 7 . Average tumor volumes in groups of seven (n=7) mice carrying human PPC-1 prostate cancer xenografts. Human PPC-1 prostate tumor cells were treated with hsa-miR-34a (white squares) or with a negative control miRNA (NC, black diamonds) on days 0, 7, 13, 20, and 25 (arrows). Tumor growth was determined by caliper measurements for 32 days. Standard deviations are shown in the graph. All data points yielded p values &lt;0.01. The p value obtained from data on day 22 is indicated by a circle. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 8 . Histology of tumors that developed from PPC-1 prostate cancer cells treated with negative control miRNA (right) or hsa-miR-34a (left). Images show tumors stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The arrow indicates a pocket with seemingly viable cells. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
         FIG. 9 . Immunohistochemistry of PPC-1 tumors treated with negative control miRNA (top panels) or hsa-miR-34a (bottom panels). For hsa-miR-34a-treated tumors, the analysis is limited to areas with seemingly viable cells as shown in  FIG. 8 . Left images show tumor cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E); center images show an immunohistochemistry analysis using antibodies against the Ki-67 antigen (dark spotted areas); right images show an immunohistochemistry analysis using antibodies against caspase 3. Areas with increased apoptotic activity are exemplarily denoted by arrows. Abbreviation: miR-34a, hsa-miR-34a; NC, negative control miRNA. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to compositions and methods relating to the identification and characterization of genes and biological pathways related to these genes as represented by the expression of the identified genes, as well as use of miRNAs related to such, for therapeutic, prognostic, and diagnostic applications, particularly those methods and compositions related to assessing and/or identifying pathological conditions directly or indirectly related to miR-34 expression or the aberrant expression thereof. 
     In certain aspects, the invention is directed to methods for the assessment, analysis, and/or therapy of a cell or subject where certain genes have a reduced or increased expression (relative to normal) as a result of an increased or decreased expression of any one or a combination of miR-34 family members (including, but not limited to SEQ ID NO:1 to SEQ ID NO:71) and/or genes with an increased expression (relative to normal) as a result of an increased or decreased expression of one or a combination of miR-34 family members. The expression profile and/or response to miR-34 expression or inhibition may be indicative of a disease or an individual with a condition, e.g., cancer. 
     Prognostic assays featuring any one or combination of the miRNAs listed or the markers listed (including nucleic acids representative thereof) could be used in assessment of a patient to determine what if any treatment regimen is justified. As with the diagnostic assays mentioned above, the absolute values that define low expression will depend on the platform used to measure the miRNA(s). The same methods described for the diagnostic assays could be used for prognostic assays. 
     I. Therapeutic Methods 
     Embodiments of the invention concern nucleic acids that perform the activities of or inhibit endogenous miRNAs when introduced into cells. In certain aspects, nucleic acids are synthetic or non-synthetic miRNA. Sequence-specific miRNA inhibitors can be used to inhibit sequentially or in combination the activities of one or more endogenous miRNAs in cells, as well those genes and associated pathways modulated by the endogenous miRNA. 
     The present invention concerns, in some embodiments, short nucleic acid molecules that function as miRNAs or as inhibitors of miRNA in a cell. The term “short” refers to a length of a single polynucleotide that is 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 50, 100, or 150 nucleotides or fewer, including all integers or ranges derivable there between. The nucleic acid molecules are typically synthetic. The term “synthetic” refers to nucleic acid molecule that is isolated and not produced naturally in a cell. In certain aspects the sequence (the entire sequence) and/or chemical structure deviates from a naturally-occurring nucleic acid molecule, such as an endogenous precursor miRNA or miRNA molecule or complement thereof. While in some embodiments, nucleic acids of the invention do not have an entire sequence that is identical or complementary to a sequence of a naturally-occurring nucleic acid, such molecules may encompass all or part of a naturally-occurring sequence or a complement thereof. It is contemplated, however, that a synthetic nucleic acid administered to a cell may subsequently be modified or altered in the cell such that its structure or sequence is the same as non-synthetic or naturally occurring nucleic acid, such as a mature miRNA sequence. For example, a synthetic nucleic acid may have a sequence that differs from the sequence of a precursor miRNA, but that sequence may be altered once in a cell to be the same as an endogenous, processed miRNA or an inhibitor thereof. The term “isolated” means that the nucleic acid molecules of the invention are initially separated from different (in terms of sequence or structure) and unwanted nucleic acid molecules such that a population of isolated nucleic acids is at least about 90% homogenous, and may be at least about 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, or 100% homogenous with respect to other polynucleotide molecules. In many embodiments of the invention, a nucleic acid is isolated by virtue of it having been synthesized in vitro separate from endogenous nucleic acids in a cell. It will be understood, however, that isolated nucleic acids may be subsequently mixed or pooled together. In certain aspects, synthetic miRNA of the invention are RNA or RNA analogs. miRNA inhibitors may be DNA or RNA, or analogs thereof. miRNA and miRNA inhibitors of the invention are collectively referred to as “synthetic nucleic acids.” 
     In some embodiments, there is a miRNA or a synthetic miRNA having a length of between 17 and 130 residues. The present invention concerns miRNA or synthetic miRNA molecules that are, are at least, or are at most 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 140, 145, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200 or more residues in length, including any integer or any range there between. 
     In certain embodiments, synthetic miRNA have (a) a “miRNA region” whose sequence or binding region from 5′ to 3′ is identical or complementary to all or a segment of a mature miRNA sequence, and (b) a “complementary region” whose sequence from 5′ to 3′ is between 60% and 100% complementary to the miRNA sequence in (a). In certain embodiments, these synthetic miRNA are also isolated, as defined above. The term “miRNA region” refers to a region on the synthetic miRNA that is at least 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, or 100% identical, including all integers there between, to the entire sequence of a mature, naturally occurring miRNA sequence or a complement thereof. In certain embodiments, the miRNA region is or is at least 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, 99.5, 99.6, 99.7, 99.8, 99.9 or 100% identical to the sequence of a naturally-occurring miRNA or complement thereof. 
     The term “complementary region” or “complement” refers to a region of a nucleic acid or mimetic that is or is at least 60% complementary to the mature, naturally occurring miRNA sequence. The complementary region is or is at least 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, 99.5, 99.6, 99.7, 99.8, 99.9 or 100% complementary, or any range derivable therein. With single polynucleotide sequences, there may be a hairpin loop structure as a result of chemical bonding between the miRNA region and the complementary region. In other embodiments, the complementary region is on a different nucleic acid molecule than the miRNA region, in which case the complementary region is on the complementary strand and the miRNA region is on the active strand. 
     In other embodiments of the invention, there are synthetic nucleic acids that are miRNA inhibitors. A miRNA inhibitor is between about 17 to 25 nucleotides in length and comprises a 5′ to 3′ sequence that is at least 90% complementary to the 5′ to 3′ sequence of a mature miRNA. In certain embodiments, a miRNA inhibitor molecule is 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25 nucleotides in length, or any range derivable therein. Moreover, an miRNA inhibitor may have a sequence (from 5′ to 3′) that is or is at least 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 99.1, 99.2, 99.3, 99.4, 99.5, 99.6, 99.7, 99.8, 99.9 or 100% complementary, or any range derivable therein, to the 5′ to 3′ sequence of a mature miRNA, particularly a mature, naturally occurring miRNA. One of skill in the art could use a portion of the miRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence of a mature miRNA as the sequence for a miRNA inhibitor. Moreover, that portion of the nucleic acid sequence can be altered so that it is still comprises the appropriate percentage of complementarity to the sequence of a mature miRNA. 
     In some embodiments, of the invention, a synthetic miRNA or inhibitor contains one or more design element(s). These design elements include, but are not limited to: (i) a replacement group for the phosphate or hydroxyl of the nucleotide at the 5′ terminus of the complementary region; (ii) one or more sugar modifications in the first or last 1 to 6 residues of the complementary region; or, (iii) noncomplementarity between one or more nucleotides in the last 1 to 5 residues at the 3′ end of the complementary region and the corresponding nucleotides of the miRNA region. A variety of design modifications are known in the art, see below. 
     In certain embodiments, a synthetic miRNA has a nucleotide at its 5′ end of the complementary region in which the phosphate and/or hydroxyl group has been replaced with another chemical group (referred to as the “replacement design”). In some cases, the phosphate group is replaced, while in others, the hydroxyl group has been replaced. In particular embodiments, the replacement group is biotin, an amine group, a lower alkylamine group, an aminohexyl phosphate group, an acetyl group, 2′O-Me (2′oxygen-methyl), DMTO (4,4′-dimethoxytrityl with oxygen), fluorescein, a thiol, or acridine, though other replacement groups are well known to those of skill in the art and can be used as well. This design element can also be used with a miRNA inhibitor. 
     Additional embodiments concern a synthetic miRNA having one or more sugar modifications in the first or last 1 to 6 residues of the complementary region (referred to as the “sugar replacement design”). In certain cases, there is one or more sugar modifications in the first 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more residues of the complementary region, or any range derivable therein. In additional cases, there are one or more sugar modifications in the last 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or more residues of the complementary region, or any range derivable therein, have a sugar modification. It will be understood that the terms “first” and “last” are with respect to the order of residues from the 5′ end to the 3′ end of the region. In particular embodiments, the sugar modification is a 2′O-Me modification, a 2′F modification, a 2′H modification, a 2′amino modification, a 4′thioribose modification or a phosphorothioate modification on the carboxy group linked to the carbon at position 6′. In further embodiments, there are one or more sugar modifications in the first or last 2 to 4 residues of the complementary region or the first or last 4 to 6 residues of the complementary region. This design element can also be used with a miRNA inhibitor. Thus, a miRNA inhibitor can have this design element and/or a replacement group on the nucleotide at the 5′ terminus, as discussed above. 
     In other embodiments of the invention, there is a synthetic miRNA or inhibitor in which one or more nucleotides in the last 1 to 5 residues at the 3′ end of the complementary region are not complementary to the corresponding nucleotides of the miRNA region (“noncomplementarity”) (referred to as the “noncomplementarity design”). The noncomplementarity may be in the last 1, 2, 3, 4, and/or 5 residues of the complementary miRNA. In certain embodiments, there is noncomplementarity with at least 2 nucleotides in the complementary region. 
     It is contemplated that synthetic miRNA of the invention have one or more of the replacement, sugar modification, or noncomplementarity designs. In certain cases, synthetic RNA molecules have two of them, while in others these molecules have all three designs in place. 
     The miRNA region and the complementary region may be on the same or separate polynucleotides. In cases in which they are contained on or in the same polynucleotide, the miRNA molecule will be considered a single polynucleotide. In embodiments in which the different regions are on separate polynucleotides, the synthetic miRNA will be considered to be comprised of two polynucleotides. 
     When the RNA molecule is a single polynucleotide, there can be a linker region between the miRNA region and the complementary region. In some embodiments, the single polynucleotide is capable of forming a hairpin loop structure as a result of bonding between the miRNA region and the complementary region. The linker constitutes the hairpin loop. It is contemplated that in some embodiments, the linker region is, is at least, or is at most 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, or 40 residues in length, or any range derivable therein. In certain embodiments, the linker is between 3 and 30 residues (inclusive) in length. 
     In addition to having a miRNA or inhibitor region and a complementary region, there may be flanking sequences as well at either the 5′ or 3′ end of the region. In some embodiments, there is or is at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 nucleotides or more, or any range derivable therein, flanking one or both sides of these regions. 
     Methods of the invention include reducing or eliminating activity of one or more miRNAs in a cell comprising introducing into a cell a miRNA inhibitor (which may be described generally herein as an miRNA, so that a description of miRNA, where appropriate, also will refer to a miRNA inhibitor); or supplying or enhancing the activity of one or more miRNAs in a cell. The present invention also concerns inducing certain cellular characteristics by providing to a cell a particular nucleic acid, such as a specific synthetic miRNA molecule or a synthetic miRNA inhibitor molecule. However, in methods of the invention, the miRNA molecule or miRNA inhibitor need not be synthetic. They may have a sequence that is identical to a naturally occurring miRNA or they may not have any design modifications. In certain embodiments, the miRNA molecule and/or the miRNA inhibitor are synthetic, as discussed above. 
     The particular nucleic acid molecule provided to the cell is understood to correspond to a particular miRNA in the cell, and thus, the miRNA in the cell is referred to as the “corresponding miRNA.” In situations in which a named miRNA molecule is introduced into a cell, the corresponding miRNA will be understood to be the induced or inhibited miRNA function. It is contemplated, however, that the miRNA molecule introduced into a cell is not a mature miRNA but is capable of becoming or functioning as a mature miRNA under the appropriate physiological conditions. In cases in which a particular corresponding miRNA is being inhibited by a miRNA inhibitor, the particular miRNA will be referred to as the “targeted miRNA.” It is contemplated that multiple corresponding miRNAs may be involved. In particular embodiments, more than one miRNA molecule is introduced into a cell. Moreover, in other embodiments, more than one miRNA inhibitor is introduced into a cell. Furthermore, a combination of miRNA molecule(s) and miRNA inhibitor(s) may be introduced into a cell. The inventors contemplate that a combination of miRNA may act at one or more points in cellular pathways of cells with aberrant phenotypes and that such combination may have increased efficacy on the target cell while not adversely effecting normal cells. Thus, a combination of miRNA may have a minimal adverse effect on a subject or patient while supplying a sufficient therapeutic effect, such as amelioration of a condition, growth inhibition of a cell, death of a targeted cell, alteration of cell phenotype or physiology, slowing of cellular growth, sensitization to a second therapy, sensitization to a particular therapy, and the like. 
     Methods include identifying a cell or patient in need of inducing those cellular characteristics. Also, it will be understood that an amount of a synthetic nucleic acid that is provided to a cell or organism is an “effective amount,” which refers to an amount needed (or a sufficient amount) to achieve a desired goal, such as inducing a particular cellular characteristic(s). 
     In certain embodiments of the methods include providing or introducing to a cell a nucleic acid molecule corresponding to a mature miRNA in the cell in an amount effective to achieve a desired physiological result. 
     Moreover, methods can involve providing synthetic or nonsynthetic miRNA molecules. It is contemplated that in these embodiments, that methods may or may not be limited to providing only one or more synthetic miRNA molecules or only one or more nonsynthetic miRNA molecules. Thus, in certain embodiments, methods may involve providing both synthetic and nonsynthetic miRNA molecules. In this situation, a cell or cells are most likely provided a synthetic miRNA molecule corresponding to a particular miRNA and a nonsynthetic miRNA molecule corresponding to a different miRNA. Furthermore, any method articulated using a list of miRNAs using Markush group language may be articulated without the Markush group language and a disjunctive article (i.e., or) instead, and vice versa. 
     In some embodiments, there is a method for reducing or inhibiting cell proliferation in a cell comprising introducing into or providing to the cell an effective amount of (i) an miRNA inhibitor molecule or (ii) a synthetic or nonsynthetic miRNA molecule that corresponds to a miRNA sequence. In certain embodiments the methods involves introducing into the cell an effective amount of (i) a miRNA inhibitor molecule having a 5′ to 3′ sequence that is at least 90% complementary to the 5′ to 3′ sequence of one or more mature miRNA. 
     Certain embodiments of the invention include methods of treating a pathologic condition, in particular cancer, e.g., lung or liver cancer. In one aspect, the method comprises contacting a target cell with one or more nucleic acid, synthetic miRNA, or miRNA comprising at least one nucleic acid segment having all or a portion of a miRNA sequence. The segment may be 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 30 or more nucleotides or nucleotide analog, including all integers there between. An aspect of the invention includes the modulation of gene expression, miRNA expression or function or mRNA expression or function within a target cell, such as a cancer cell. 
     Typically, an endogenous gene, miRNA or mRNA is modulated in the cell. In particular embodiments, the nucleic acid sequence comprises at least one segment that is at least 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, or 100% identical in nucleic acid sequence to one or more miRNA or gene sequence. Modulation of the expression or processing of an endogenous gene, miRNA, or mRNA can be through modulation of the processing of a mRNA, such processing including transcription, transportation and/or translation with in a cell. Modulation may also be effected by the inhibition or enhancement of miRNA activity with a cell, tissue, or organ. Such processing may affect the expression of an encoded product or the stability of the mRNA. In still other embodiments, a nucleic acid sequence can comprise a modified nucleic acid sequence. In certain aspects, one or more miRNA sequence may include or comprise a modified nucleobase or nucleic acid sequence. 
     It will be understood in methods of the invention that a cell or other biological matter such as an organism (including patients) can be provided a miRNA or miRNA molecule corresponding to a particular miRNA by administering to the cell or organism a nucleic acid molecule that functions as the corresponding miRNA once inside the cell. The form of the molecule provided to the cell may not be the form that acts a miRNA once inside the cell. Thus, it is contemplated that in some embodiments, a synthetic miRNA or a nonsynthetic miRNA is provided such that it becomes processed into a mature and active miRNA once it has access to the cell&#39;s miRNA processing machinery. In certain embodiments, it is specifically contemplated that the miRNA molecule provided is not a mature miRNA molecule but a nucleic acid molecule that can be processed into the mature miRNA once it is accessible to miRNA processing machinery. The term “nonsynthetic” in the context of miRNA means that the miRNA is not “synthetic,” as defined herein. Furthermore, it is contemplated that in embodiments of the invention that concern the use of synthetic miRNAs, the use of corresponding nonsynthetic miRNAs is also considered an aspect of the invention, and vice versa. It will be understand that the term “providing” an agent is used to include “administering” the agent to a patient. 
     In certain embodiments, methods also include targeting a miRNA to modulate in a cell or organism. The term “targeting a miRNA to modulate” means a nucleic acid of the invention will be employed so as to modulate the selected miRNA. In some embodiments the modulation is achieved with a synthetic or non-synthetic miRNA that corresponds to the targeted miRNA, which effectively provides the targeted miRNA to the cell or organism (positive modulation). In other embodiments, the modulation is achieved with a miRNA inhibitor, which effectively inhibits the targeted miRNA in the cell or organism (negative modulation). 
     In some embodiments, the miRNA targeted to be modulated is a miRNA that affects a disease, condition, or pathway. In certain embodiments, the miRNA is targeted because a treatment can be provided by negative modulation of the targeted miRNA. In other embodiments, the miRNA is targeted because a treatment can be provided by positive modulation of the targeted miRNA or its targets. 
     In certain methods of the invention, there is a further step of administering the selected miRNA modulator to a cell, tissue, organ, or organism (collectively “biological matter”) in need of treatment related to modulation of the targeted miRNA or in need of the physiological or biological results discussed herein (such as with respect to a particular cellular pathway or result like decrease in cell viability). Consequently, in some methods of the invention there is a step of identifying a patient in need of treatment that can be provided by the miRNA modulator(s). It is contemplated that an effective amount of a miRNA modulator can be administered in some embodiments. In particular embodiments, there is a therapeutic benefit conferred on the biological matter, where a “therapeutic benefit” refers to an improvement in the one or more conditions or symptoms associated with a disease or condition or an improvement in the prognosis, duration, or status with respect to the disease. It is contemplated that a therapeutic benefit includes, but is not limited to, a decrease in pain, a decrease in morbidity, a decrease in a symptom. For example, with respect to cancer, it is contemplated that a therapeutic benefit can be inhibition of tumor growth, prevention of metastasis, reduction in number of metastases, inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, induction of cell death in cancer cells, inhibition of angiogenesis near cancer cells, induction of apoptosis of cancer cells, reduction in pain, reduction in risk of recurrence, induction of chemo- or radiosensitivity in cancer cells, prolongation of life, and/or delay of death directly or indirectly related to cancer. 
     Furthermore, it is contemplated that the miRNA compositions may be provided as part of a therapy to a patient, in conjunction with traditional therapies or preventative agents. Moreover, it is contemplated that any method discussed in the context of therapy may be applied as preventatively, particularly in a patient identified to be potentially in need of the therapy or at risk of the condition or disease for which a therapy is needed. 
     In addition, methods of the invention concern employing one or more nucleic acids corresponding to a miRNA and a therapeutic drug. The nucleic acid can enhance the effect or efficacy of the drug, reduce any side effects or toxicity, modify its bioavailability, and/or decrease the dosage or frequency needed. In certain embodiments, the therapeutic drug is a cancer therapeutic. Consequently, in some embodiments, there is a method of treating cancer in a patient comprising administering to the patient the cancer therapeutic and an effective amount of at least one miRNA molecule that improves the efficacy of the cancer therapeutic or protects non-cancer cells. Cancer therapies also include a variety of combination therapies with both chemical and radiation based treatments. Combination chemotherapies include but are not limited to, for example, 5-fluorouracil, alemtuzumab, amrubicin, bevacizumab, bleomycin, bortezomib, busulfan, camptothecin, capecitabine, cisplatin (CDDP), carboplatin, cetuximab, chlorambucil, cisplatin (CDDP), cyclophosphamide, camptothecin, COX-2 inhibitors (e.g., celecoxib), cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dactinomycin, dasatinib, daunorubicin, dexamethasone, docetaxel, doxorubicin (adriamycin), EGFR inhibitors (gefitinib and cetuximab), erlotinib, estrogen receptor binding agents, etoposide (VP16), everolimus, farnesyl-protein transferase inhibitors, gefitinib, gemcitabine, gemtuzumab, ibritumomab, ifosfamide, imatinib mesylate, larotaxel, lapatinib, lonafarnib, mechlorethamine, melphalan, methotrexate, mitomycin, navelbine, nitrosurea, nocodazole, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, plicomycin, procarbazine, raloxifene, rituximab, sirolimus, sorafenib, sunitinib, tamoxifen, taxol, taxotere, temsirolimus, tipifarnib, tositumomab, transplatinum, trastuzumab, vinblastin, vincristin, or vinorelbine or any analog or derivative variant of the foregoing. 
     Generally, inhibitors of miRNAs can be given to decrease the activity of an endogenous miRNA. Similarly, nucleic acid molecules corresponding to the mature miRNA can be given to achieve the opposite effect as compared to when inhibitors of the miRNA are given. For example, inhibitors of miRNA molecules that increase cell proliferation can be provided to cells to increase proliferation or decrease cell proliferation. The present invention contemplates these embodiments in the context of the different physiological effects observed with the different miRNA molecules and miRNA inhibitors disclosed herein. These include, but are not limited to, the following physiological effects: increase and decreasing cell proliferation, increasing or decreasing apoptosis, increasing transformation, increasing or decreasing cell viability, activating or inhibiting a kinase (e.g., Erk), activating/inducing or inhibiting hTert, inhibit stimulation of growth promoting pathway (e.g., Stat 3 signaling), reduce or increase viable cell number, and increase or decrease number of cells at a particular phase of the cell cycle. Methods of the invention are generally contemplated to include providing or introducing one or more different nucleic acid molecules corresponding to one or more different miRNA molecules. It is contemplated that the following, at least the following, or at most the following number of different nucleic acid or miRNA molecules may be provided or introduced: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, or any range derivable therein. This also applies to the number of different miRNA molecules that can be provided or introduced into a cell. 
     II. Pharmaceutical Formulations and Delivery 
     Methods of the present invention include the delivery of an effective amount of a miRNA or an expression construct encoding the same. An “effective amount” of the pharmaceutical composition, generally, is defined as that amount sufficient to detectably and repeatedly to achieve the stated desired result, for example, to ameliorate, reduce, minimize or limit the extent of the disease or its symptoms. Other more rigorous definitions may apply, including elimination, eradication or cure of disease. 
     A. Administration 
     In certain embodiments, it is desired to kill cells, inhibit cell growth, inhibit metastasis, decrease tumor or tissue size, and/or reverse or reduce the malignant or disease phenotype of cells. The routes of administration will vary, naturally, with the location and nature of the lesion or site to be targeted, and include, e.g., intradermal, subcutaneous, regional, parenteral, intravenous, intramuscular, intranasal, systemic, and oral administration and formulation. Direct injection, intratumoral injection, or injection into tumor vasculature is specifically contemplated for discrete, solid, accessible tumors, or other accessible target areas. Local, regional, or systemic administration also may be appropriate. For tumors of &gt;4 cm, the volume to be administered will be about 4-10 ml (preferably 10 ml), while for tumors of &lt;4 cm, a volume of about 1-3 ml will be used (preferably 3 ml). 
     Multiple injections delivered as a single dose comprise about 0.1 to about 0.5 ml volumes. Compositions of the invention may be administered in multiple injections to a tumor or a targeted site. In certain aspects, injections may be spaced at approximately 1 cm intervals. 
     In the case of surgical intervention, the present invention may be used preoperatively, to render an inoperable tumor subject to resection. Alternatively, the present invention may be used at the time of surgery, and/or thereafter, to treat residual or metastatic disease. For example, a resected tumor bed may be injected or perfused with a formulation comprising a miRNA or combinations thereof. Administration may be continued post-resection, for example, by leaving a catheter implanted at the site of the surgery. Periodic post-surgical treatment also is envisioned. Continuous perfusion of an expression construct or a viral construct also is contemplated. 
     Continuous administration also may be applied where appropriate, for example, where a tumor or other undesired affected area is excised and the tumor bed or targeted site is treated to eliminate residual, microscopic disease. Delivery via syringe or catherization is contemplated. Such continuous perfusion may take place for a period from about 1-2 hours, to about 2-6 hours, to about 6-12 hours, to about 12-24 hours, to about 1-2 days, to about 1-2 wk or longer following the initiation of treatment. Generally, the dose of the therapeutic composition via continuous perfusion will be equivalent to that given by a single or multiple injections, adjusted over a period of time during which the perfusion occurs. 
     Treatment regimens may vary as well and often depend on tumor type, tumor location, immune condition, target site, disease progression, and health and age of the patient. Certain tumor types will require more aggressive treatment. The clinician will be best suited to make such decisions based on the known efficacy and toxicity (if any) of the therapeutic formulations. 
     In certain embodiments, the tumor or affected area being treated may not, at least initially, be resectable. Treatments with compositions of the invention may increase the resectability of the tumor due to shrinkage at the margins or by elimination of certain particularly invasive portions. Following treatments, resection may be possible. Additional treatments subsequent to resection may serve to eliminate microscopic residual disease at the tumor or targeted site. 
     Treatments may include various “unit doses.” A unit dose is defined as containing a predetermined quantity of a therapeutic composition(s). The quantity to be administered, and the particular route and formulation, are within the skill of those in the clinical arts. A unit dose need not be administered as a single injection but may comprise continuous infusion over a set period of time. With respect to a viral component of the present invention, a unit dose may conveniently be described in terms of μg or mg of miRNA or miRNA mimetic. Alternatively, the amount specified may be the amount administered as the average daily, average weekly, or average monthly dose. 
     miRNA can be administered to the patient in a dose or doses of about or of at least about 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900, 910, 920, 930, 940, 950, 960, 970, 980, 990, 1000 μg or mg, or more, or any range derivable therein. Alternatively, the amount specified may be the amount administered as the average daily, average weekly, or average monthly dose, or it may be expressed in terms of mg/kg, where kg refers to the weight of the patient and the mg is specified above. In other embodiments, the amount specified is any number discussed above but expressed as mg/m 2  (with respect to tumor size or patient surface area). 
     B. Injectable Compositions and Formulations 
     In some embodiments, the method for the delivery of a miRNA or an expression construct encoding such or combinations thereof is via systemic administration. However, the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein may also be administered parenterally, subcutaneously, directly, intratracheally, intravenously, intradermally, intramuscularly, or even intraperitoneally as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,543,158; 5,641,515 and 5,399,363 (each specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). 
     Injection of nucleic acids may be delivered by syringe or any other method used for injection of a solution, as long as the nucleic acid and any associated components can pass through the particular gauge of needle required for injection. A syringe system has also been described for use in gene therapy that permits multiple injections of predetermined quantities of a solution precisely at any depth (U.S. Pat. No. 5,846,225). 
     Solutions of the active compounds as free base or pharmacologically acceptable salts may be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant, such as hydroxypropylcellulose. Dispersions may also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, mixtures thereof, and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use, these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms. The pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions (U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,468, specifically incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). In all cases the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It must be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. The carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (e.g., glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, and/or vegetable oils. Proper fluidity may be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating, such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants. The prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride. Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin. 
     In certain formulations, a water-based formulation is employed while in others, it may be lipid-based. In particular embodiments of the invention, a composition comprising a tumor suppressor protein or a nucleic acid encoding the same is in a water-based formulation. In other embodiments, the formulation is lipid based. 
     For parenteral administration in an aqueous solution, for example, the solution should be suitably buffered if necessary and the liquid diluent first rendered isotonic with sufficient saline or glucose. These particular aqueous solutions are especially suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intratumoral, intralesional, and intraperitoneal administration. In this connection, sterile aqueous media which can be employed will be known to those of skill in the art in light of the present disclosure. For example, one dosage may be dissolved in 1 ml of isotonic NaCl solution and either added to 1000 ml of hypodermoclysis fluid or injected at the proposed site of infusion, (see for example, “Remington&#39;s Pharmaceutical Sciences” 15th Edition, pages 1035-1038 and 1570-1580). Some variation in dosage will necessarily occur depending on the condition of the subject being treated. The person responsible for administration will, in any event, determine the appropriate dose for the individual subject. Moreover, for human administration, preparations should meet sterility, pyrogenicity, general safety and purity standards as required by FDA Office of Biologics standards. 
     As used herein, a “carrier” includes any and all solvents, dispersion media, vehicles, coatings, diluents, antibacterial and antifungal agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, buffers, carrier solutions, suspensions, colloids, and the like. The use of such media and agents for pharmaceutical active substances is well known in the art. Except insofar as any conventional media or agent is incompatible with the active ingredient, its use in the therapeutic compositions is contemplated. Supplementary active ingredients can also be incorporated into the compositions. 
     The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable” refers to molecular entities and compositions that do not produce an allergic or similar untoward reaction when administered to a human. 
     The nucleic acid(s) are administered in a manner compatible with the dosage formulation, and in such amount as will be therapeutically effective. The quantity to be administered depends on the subject to be treated, including, e.g., the aggressiveness of the disease or cancer, the size of any tumor(s) or lesions, the previous or other courses of treatment. Precise amounts of active ingredient required to be administered depend on the judgment of the practitioner. Suitable regimes for initial administration and subsequent administration are also variable, but are typified by an initial administration followed by other administrations. Such administration may be systemic, as a single dose, continuous over a period of time spanning 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 minutes, and/or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 or more hours, and/or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, days or more. Moreover, administration may be through a time release or sustained release mechanism, implemented by formulation and/or mode of administration. 
     Various methods for nucleic acid delivery are described, for example in Sambrook et al., 1989 and Ausubel et al., 1994. Such nucleic acid delivery systems comprise the desired nucleic acid, by way of example and not by limitation, in either “naked” form as a “naked” nucleic acid, or formulated in a vehicle suitable for delivery, such as in a complex with a cationic molecule or a liposome forming lipid, or as a component of a vector, or a component of a pharmaceutical composition. The nucleic acid delivery system can be provided to the cell either directly, such as by contacting it with the cell, or indirectly, such as through the action of any biological process. By way of example, and not by limitation, the nucleic acid delivery system can be provided to the cell by endocytosis; receptor targeting; coupling with native or synthetic cell membrane fragments; physical means such as electroporation; combining the nucleic acid delivery system with a polymeric carrier, such as a controlled release film or nanoparticle or microparticle or biocompatible molecules or biodegradable molecules; with vector. The nucleic acid delivery system can be injected into a tissue or fluid surrounding the cell, or administered by diffusion of the nucleic acid delivery system across the cell membrane, or by any active or passive transport mechanism across the cell membrane. Additionally, the nucleic acid delivery system can be provided to the cell using techniques such as antibody-related targeting and antibody-mediated immobilization of a viral vector. 
     C. Combination Treatments 
     In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods of the present invention involve a miRNA, or expression construct encoding such. These miRNA composition can be used in combination with a second therapy to enhance the effect of the miRNA therapy, or increase the therapeutic effect of another therapy being employed. These compositions would be provided in a combined amount effective to achieve the desired effect, such as the killing of a cancer cell and/or the inhibition of cellular hyperproliferation. This process may involve contacting the cells with the miRNA or second therapy at the same or different time. This may be achieved by contacting the cell with one or more compositions or pharmacological formulation that includes or more of the agents, or by contacting the cell with two or more distinct compositions or formulations, wherein one composition provides (1) miRNA; and/or (2) a second therapy. A second composition or method may be administered that includes a chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgical therapy, immunotherapy or gene therapy. 
     It is contemplated that one may provide a patient with the miRNA therapy and the second therapy within about 12-24 h of each other and, more preferably, within about 6-12 h of each other. In some situations, it may be desirable to extend the time period for treatment significantly, however, where several days (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7) to several weeks (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8) lapse between the respective administrations. 
     In certain embodiments, a course of treatment will last 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90 days or more. It is contemplated that one agent may be given on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, and/or 90, any combination thereof, and another agent is given on day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, and/or 90, or any combination thereof. Within a single day (24-hour period), the patient may be given one or multiple administrations of the agent(s). Moreover, after a course of treatment, it is contemplated that there is a period of time at which no treatment is administered. This time period may last 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 days, and/or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 weeks, and/or 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 months or more, depending on the condition of the patient, such as their prognosis, strength, health, etc. 
     Various combinations may be employed, for example miRNA therapy is “A” and a second therapy is “B”: 
     A/B/A B/A/B B/B/A A/A/B A/B/B B/A/A A/B/B/B B/A/B/B 
     B/B/B/A B/B/A/B A/A/B/B A/B/A/B A/B/B/A B/B/A/A 
     B/A/B/A B/A/A/B A/A/A/B B/A/A/A A/B/A/A A/A/B/A 
     Administration of any compound or therapy of the present invention to a patient will follow general protocols for the administration of such compounds, taking into account the toxicity, if any, of the vector or any protein or other agent. Therefore, in some embodiments there is a step of monitoring toxicity that is attributable to combination therapy. It is expected that the treatment cycles would be repeated as necessary. It also is contemplated that various standard therapies, as well as surgical intervention, may be applied in combination with the described therapy. 
     In specific aspects, it is contemplated that a second therapy, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, surgical therapy or other gene therapy, is employed in combination with the miRNA therapy, as described herein. 
     1. Chemotherapy 
     A wide variety of chemotherapeutic agents may be used in accordance with the present invention. The term “chemotherapy” refers to the use of drugs to treat cancer. A “chemotherapeutic agent” is used to connote a compound or composition that is administered in the treatment of cancer. These agents or drugs are categorized by their mode of activity within a cell, for example, whether and at what stage they affect the cell cycle. Alternatively, an agent may be characterized based on its ability to directly cross-link DNA, to intercalate into DNA, or to induce chromosomal and mitotic aberrations by affecting nucleic acid synthesis. Most chemotherapeutic agents fall into the following categories: alkylating agents, antimetabolites, antitumor antibiotics, mitotic inhibitors, and nitrosoureas. 
     a. Alkylating Agents 
     Alkylating agents are drugs that directly interact with genomic DNA to prevent the cancer cell from proliferating. This category of chemotherapeutic drugs represents agents that affect all phases of the cell cycle, that is, they are not phase-specific. Alkylating agents can be implemented to treat chronic leukemia, non-Hodgkin&#39;s lymphoma, Hodgkin&#39;s disease, multiple myeloma, and particular cancers of the breast, lung, and ovary. They include: busulfan, chlorambucil, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide (cytoxan), dacarbazine, ifosfamide, mechlorethamine (mustargen), and melphalan. Troglitazaone can be used to treat cancer in combination with any one or more of these alkylating agents. 
     b. Antimetabolites 
     Antimetabolites disrupt DNA and RNA synthesis. Unlike alkylating agents, they specifically influence the cell cycle during S phase. They have been used to combat chronic leukemias in addition to tumors of breast, ovary and the gastrointestinal tract. Antimetabolites include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cytarabine (Ara-C), fludarabine, gemcitabine, and methotrexate. 
     5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has the chemical name of 5-fluoro-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Its mechanism of action is thought to be by blocking the methylation reaction of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid. Thus, 5-FU interferes with the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and to a lesser extent inhibits the formation of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Since DNA and RNA are essential for cell division and proliferation, it is thought that the effect of 5-FU is to create a thymidine deficiency leading to cell death. Thus, the effect of 5-FU is found in cells that rapidly divide, a characteristic of metastatic cancers. 
     c. Antitumor Antibiotics 
     Antitumor antibiotics have both antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. These drugs also interfere with DNA by chemically inhibiting enzymes and mitosis or altering cellular membranes. These agents are not phase specific so they work in all phases of the cell cycle. Thus, they are widely used for a variety of cancers. Examples of antitumor antibiotics include bleomycin, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and idarubicin, some of which are discussed in more detail below. Widely used in clinical setting for the treatment of neoplasms, these compounds are administered through bolus injections intravenously at doses ranging from 25-75 mg/m 2  at 21 day intervals for adriamycin, to 35-100 mg/m 2  for etoposide intravenously or orally. 
     d. Mitotic Inhibitors 
     Mitotic inhibitors include plant alkaloids and other natural agents that can inhibit either protein synthesis required for cell division or mitosis. They operate during a specific phase during the cell cycle. Mitotic inhibitors comprise docetaxel, etoposide (VP16), paclitaxel, taxol, taxotere, vinblastine, vincristine, and vinorelbine. 
     e. Nitrosureas 
     Nitrosureas, like alkylating agents, inhibit DNA repair proteins. They are used to treat non-Hodgkin&#39;s lymphomas, multiple myeloma, malignant melanoma, in addition to brain tumors. Examples include carmustine and lomustine. 
     2. Radiotherapy 
     Radiotherapy, also called radiation therapy, is the treatment of cancer and other diseases with ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation deposits energy that injures or destroys cells in the area being treated by damaging their genetic material, making it impossible for these cells to continue to grow. Although radiation damages both cancer cells and normal cells, the latter are able to repair themselves and function properly. Radiotherapy may be used to treat localized solid tumors, such as cancers of the skin, tongue, larynx, brain, breast, or cervix. It can also be used to treat leukemia and lymphoma (cancers of the blood-forming cells and lymphatic system, respectively). 
     Radiation therapy used according to the present invention may include, but is not limited to, the use of γ-rays, X-rays, and/or the directed delivery of radioisotopes to tumor cells. Other forms of DNA damaging factors are also contemplated such as microwaves, proton beam irradiation (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,760,395 and 4,870,287) and UV-irradiation. It is most likely that all of these factors effect a broad range of damage on DNA, on the precursors of DNA, on the replication and repair of DNA, and on the assembly and maintenance of chromosomes. Dosage ranges for X-rays range from daily doses of 50 to 200 roentgens for prolonged periods of time (3 to 4 wk), to single doses of 2000 to 6000 roentgens. Dosage ranges for radioisotopes vary widely, and depend on the half-life of the isotope, the strength and type of radiation emitted, and the uptake by the neoplastic cells. Radiotherapy may comprise the use of radiolabeled antibodies to deliver doses of radiation directly to the cancer site (radioimmunotherapy). Once injected into the body, the antibodies actively seek out the cancer cells, which are destroyed by the cell-killing (cytotoxic) action of the radiation. This approach can minimize the risk of radiation damage to healthy cells. 
     Stereotactic radio-surgery (gamma knife) for brain and other tumors does not use a knife, but very precisely targeted beams of gamma radiotherapy from hundreds of different angles. Only one session of radiotherapy, taking about four to five hours, is needed. For this treatment a specially made metal frame is attached to the head. Then, several scans and x-rays are carried out to find the precise area where the treatment is needed. During the radiotherapy for brain tumors, the patient lies with their head in a large helmet, which has hundreds of holes in it to allow the radiotherapy beams through. Related approaches permit positioning for the treatment of tumors in other areas of the body. 
     J. Immunotherapy 
     In the context of cancer treatment, immunotherapeutics, generally, rely on the use of immune effector cells and molecules to target and destroy cancer cells. Trastuzumab (Herceptin™) is such an example. The immune effector may be, for example, an antibody specific for some marker on the surface of a tumor cell. The antibody alone may serve as an effector of therapy or it may recruit other cells to actually affect cell killing. The antibody also may be conjugated to a drug or toxin (chemotherapeutic, radionuclide, ricin A chain, cholera toxin, pertussis toxin, etc.) and serve merely as a targeting agent. Alternatively, the effector may be a lymphocyte carrying a surface molecule that interacts, either directly or indirectly, with a tumor cell target. Various effector cells include cytotoxic T cells and NK cells. The combination of therapeutic modalities, i.e., direct cytotoxic activity and inhibition or reduction of ErbB2 would provide therapeutic benefit in the treatment of ErbB2 overexpressing cancers. 
     In one aspect of immunotherapy, the tumor or disease cell must bear some marker that is amenable to targeting, i.e., is not present on the majority of other cells. Many tumor markers exist and any of these may be suitable for targeting in the context of the present invention. Common tumor markers include carcinoembryonic antigen, prostate specific antigen, urinary tumor associated antigen, fetal antigen, tyrosinase (p97), gp68, TAG-72, HMFG, Sialyl Lewis Antigen, MucA, MucB, PLAP, estrogen receptor, laminin receptor, erb B and p155. An alternative aspect of immunotherapy is to combine anticancer effects with immune stimulatory effects. Immune stimulating molecules also exist including: cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, GM-CSF, gamma-IFN, chemokines such as MIP-1, MCP-1, IL-8 and growth factors such as FLT3 ligand. Combining immune stimulating molecules, either as proteins or using gene delivery in combination with a tumor suppressor such as MDA-7 has been shown to enhance anti-tumor effects (Ju et al., 2000). Moreover, antibodies against any of these compounds can be used to target the anti-cancer agents discussed herein. 
     Examples of immunotherapies currently under investigation or in use are immune adjuvants e.g.,  Mycobacterium bovis, Plasmodium falciparum , dinitrochlorobenzene and aromatic compounds (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,801,005 and 5,739,169; Hui and Hashimoto, 1998; Christodoulides et al., 1998), cytokine therapy e.g., interferons α, β and γ; IL-1, GM-CSF and TNF (Bukowski et al., 1998; Davidson et al., 1998; Hellstrand et al., 1998) gene therapy e.g., TNF, IL-1, IL-2, p53 (Qin et al., 1998; Austin-Ward and Villaseca, 1998; U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,830,880 and 5,846,945) and monoclonal antibodies e.g., anti-ganglioside GM2, anti-HER-2, anti-p185; Pietras et al., 1998; Hanibuchi et al., 1998; U.S. Pat. No. 5,824,311). Herceptin (trastuzumab) is a chimeric (mouse-human) monoclonal antibody that blocks the HER2-neu receptor. It possesses anti-tumor activity and has been approved for use in the treatment of malignant tumors (Dillman, 1999). Table 6 is a non-limiting list of several known anti-cancer immunotherapeutic agents and their targets. It is contemplated that one or more of these therapies may be employed with the miRNA therapies described herein. 
     A number of different approaches for passive immunotherapy of cancer exist. They may be broadly categorized into the following: injection of antibodies alone; injection of antibodies coupled to toxins or chemotherapeutic agents; injection of antibodies coupled to radioactive isotopes; injection of anti-idiotype antibodies; and finally, purging of tumor cells in bone marrow. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Cancer immunotherapeutics and their targets. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Generic Name 
                 Target 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Cetuximab 
                 EGFR 
               
               
                   
                 Panitumumab 
                 EGFR 
               
               
                   
                 Trastuzumab 
                 erbB2 receptor 
               
               
                   
                 Bevacizumab 
                 VEGF 
               
               
                   
                 Alemtuzumab 
                 CD52 
               
               
                   
                 Gemtuzumab ozogamicin 
                 CD33 
               
               
                   
                 Rituximab 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 Tositumomab 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 Matuzumab 
                 EGFR 
               
               
                   
                 Ibritumomab tiuxetan 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 Tositumomab 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 HuPAM4 
                 MUC1 
               
               
                   
                 MORAb-009 
                 Mesothelin 
               
               
                   
                 G250 
                 carbonic anhydrase IX 
               
               
                   
                 mAb 8H9 
                 8H9 antigen 
               
               
                   
                 M195 
                 CD33 
               
               
                   
                 Ipilimumab 
                 CTLA4 
               
               
                   
                 HuLuc63 
                 CS1 
               
               
                   
                 Alemtuzumab 
                 CD53 
               
               
                   
                 Epratuzumab 
                 CD22 
               
               
                   
                 BC8 
                 CD45 
               
               
                   
                 HuJ591 
                 Prostate specific membrane antigen 
               
               
                   
                 hA20 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 Lexatumumab 
                 TRAIL receptor-2 
               
               
                   
                 Pertuzumab 
                 HER-2 receptor 
               
               
                   
                 Mik-beta-1 
                 IL-2R 
               
               
                   
                 RAV12 
                 RAAG12 
               
               
                   
                 SGN-30 
                 CD30 
               
               
                   
                 AME-133v 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 HeFi-1 
                 CD30 
               
               
                   
                 BMS-663513 
                 CD137 
               
               
                   
                 Volociximab 
                 anti-α5β1 integrin 
               
               
                   
                 GC1008 
                 TGFβ 
               
               
                   
                 HCD122 
                 CD40 
               
               
                   
                 Siplizumab 
                 CD2 
               
               
                   
                 MORAb-003 
                 Folate receptor alpha 
               
               
                   
                 CNTO 328 
                 IL-6 
               
               
                   
                 MDX-060 
                 CD30 
               
               
                   
                 Ofatumumab 
                 CD20 
               
               
                   
                 SGN-33 
                 CD33 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     4. Gene Therapy 
     In yet another embodiment, a combination treatment involves gene therapy in which a therapeutic polynucleotide is administered before, after, or at the same time as one or more therapeutic miRNA. Delivery of a therapeutic polypeptide or encoding nucleic acid in conjunction with a miRNA may have a combined therapeutic effect on target tissues. A variety of proteins are encompassed within the invention, some of which are described below. Various genes that may be targeted for gene therapy of some form in combination with the present invention include, but are not limited to inducers of cellular proliferation, inhibitors of cellular proliferation, regulators of programmed cell death, cytokines and other therapeutic nucleic acids or nucleic acid that encode therapeutic proteins. 
     The tumor suppressor oncogenes function to inhibit excessive cellular proliferation. The inactivation of these genes destroys their inhibitory activity, resulting in unregulated proliferation. The tumor suppressors (e.g., therapeutic polypeptides) p53, FHIT, p16 and C-CAM can be employed. 
     In addition to p53, another inhibitor of cellular proliferation is p16. The major transitions of the eukaryotic cell cycle are triggered by cyclin-dependent kinases, or CDK&#39;s. One CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), regulates progression through the G1. The activity of this enzyme may be to phosphorylate Rb at late G1. The activity of CDK4 is controlled by an activating subunit, D-type cyclin, and by an inhibitory subunit, the p16INK4 has been biochemically characterized as a protein that specifically binds to and inhibits CDK4, and thus may regulate Rb phosphorylation (Serrano et al., 1993; Serrano et al., 1995). Since the p16INK4 protein is a CDK4 inhibitor (Serrano, 1993), deletion of this gene may increase the activity of CDK4, resulting in hyperphosphorylation of the Rb protein. p16 also is known to regulate the function of CDK6. 
     p16INK4 belongs to a newly described class of CDK-inhibitory proteins that also includes p16B, p19, p21WAF1, and p27KIP1. The p16INK4 gene maps to 9p21, a chromosome region frequently deleted in many tumor types. Homozygous deletions and mutations of the p16INK4 gene are frequent in human tumor cell lines. This evidence suggests that the p16INK4 gene is a tumor suppressor gene. This interpretation has been challenged, however, by the observation that the frequency of the p16INK4 gene alterations is much lower in primary uncultured tumors than in cultured cell lines (Caldas et al., 1994; Cheng et al., 1994; Hussussian et al., 1994; Kamb et al., 1994; Mori et al., 1994; Okamoto et al., 1994; Nobori et al., 1995; Orlow et al., 1994; Arap et al., 1995). Restoration of wild-type p16INK4 function by transfection with a plasmid expression vector reduced colony formation by some human cancer cell lines (Okamoto, 1994; Arap, 1995). 
     Other genes that may be employed according to the present invention include Rb, APC, DCC, NF-1, NF-2, WT-1, MEN-I, MEN-II, zac1, p73, VHL, MMAC1/PTEN, DBCCR-1, FCC, rsk-3, p27, p27/p16 fusions, p21/p27 fusions, anti-thrombotic genes (e.g., COX-1, TFPI), PGS, Dp, E2F, ras, myc, neu, raf, erb, fms, trk, ret, gsp, hst, abl, E1A, p300, genes involved in angiogenesis (e.g., VEGF, FGF, thrombospondin, BAI-1, GDAIF, or their receptors) and MCC. 
     5. Surgery 
     Approximately 60% of persons with cancer will undergo surgery of some type, which includes preventative, diagnostic or staging, curative and palliative surgery. Curative surgery is a cancer treatment that may be used in conjunction with other therapies, such as the treatment of the present invention, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy and/or alternative therapies. 
     Curative surgery includes resection in which all or part of cancerous tissue is physically removed, excised, and/or destroyed. Tumor resection refers to physical removal of at least part of a tumor. In addition to tumor resection, treatment by surgery includes laser surgery, cryosurgery, electrosurgery, and microscopically controlled surgery (Mohs&#39; surgery). It is further contemplated that the present invention may be used in conjunction with removal of superficial cancers, precancers, or incidental amounts of normal tissue. 
     Upon excision of part of all of cancerous cells, tissue, or tumor, a cavity may be formed in the body. Treatment may be accomplished by perfusion, direct injection or local application of the area with an additional anti-cancer therapy. Such treatment may be repeated, for example, every 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 days, or every 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 weeks or every 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 months. These treatments may be of varying dosages as well. 
     6. Other Agents 
     It is contemplated that other agents may be used in combination with the present invention to improve the therapeutic efficacy of treatment. These additional agents include immunomodulatory agents, agents that affect the upregulation of cell surface receptors and GAP junctions, cytostatic and differentiation agents, inhibitors of cell adhesion, agents that increase the sensitivity of the hyperproliferative cells to apoptotic inducers, or other biological agents. Immunomodulatory agents include tumor necrosis factor; interferon alpha, beta, and gamma; IL-2 and other cytokines; F42K and other cytokine analogs; or MIP-1, MIP-1beta, MCP-1, RANTES, and other chemokines. It is further contemplated that the upregulation of cell surface receptors or their ligands such as Fas/Fas ligand, DR4 or DR5/TRAIL (Apo-2 ligand) would potentiate the apoptotic inducing abilities of the present invention by establishment of an autocrine or paracrine effect on hyperproliferative cells. Increases intercellular signaling by elevating the number of GAP junctions would increase the anti-hyperproliferative effects on the neighboring hyperproliferative cell population. In other embodiments, cytostatic or differentiation agents can be used in combination with the present invention to improve the anti-hyperproliferative efficacy of the treatments. Inhibitors of cell adhesion are contemplated to improve the efficacy of the present invention. Examples of cell adhesion inhibitors are focal adhesion kinase (FAKs) inhibitors and Lovastatin. It is further contemplated that other agents that increase the sensitivity of a hyperproliferative cell to apoptosis, such as the antibody c225, could be used in combination with the present invention to improve the treatment efficacy. 
     Apo2 ligand (Apo2L, also called TRAIL) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) cytokine family. TRAIL activates rapid apoptosis in many types of cancer cells, yet is not toxic to normal cells. TRAIL mRNA occurs in a wide variety of tissues. Most normal cells appear to be resistant to TRAIL&#39;s cytotoxic action, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that can protect against apoptosis induction by TRAIL. The first receptor described for TRAIL, called death receptor 4 (DR4), contains a cytoplasmic “death domain”; DR4 transmits the apoptosis signal carried by TRAIL. Additional receptors have been identified that bind to TRAIL. One receptor, called DR5, contains a cytoplasmic death domain and signals apoptosis much like DR4. The DR4 and DR5 mRNAs are expressed in many normal tissues and tumor cell lines. Recently, decoy receptors such as DcR1 and DcR2 have been identified that prevent TRAIL from inducing apoptosis through DR4 and DR5. These decoy receptors thus represent a novel mechanism for regulating sensitivity to a pro-apoptotic cytokine directly at the cell&#39;s surface. The preferential expression of these inhibitory receptors in normal tissues suggests that TRAIL may be useful as an anticancer agent that induces apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing normal cells. (Marsters et al., 1999). 
     There have been many advances in the therapy of cancer following the introduction of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic drugs. However, one of the consequences of chemotherapy is the development/acquisition of drug-resistant phenotypes and the development of multiple drug resistance. The development of drug resistance remains a major obstacle in the treatment of such tumors and therefore, there is an obvious need for alternative approaches such as gene therapy. 
     Another form of therapy for use in conjunction with chemotherapy, radiation therapy or biological therapy includes hyperthermia, which is a procedure in which a patient&#39;s tissue is exposed to high temperatures (up to 106° F.). External or internal heating devices may be involved in the application of local, regional, or whole-body hyperthermia. Local hyperthermia involves the application of heat to a small area, such as a tumor. Heat may be generated externally with high-frequency waves targeting a tumor from a device outside the body. Internal heat may involve a sterile probe, including thin, heated wires or hollow tubes filled with warm water, implanted microwave antennae, or radiofrequency electrodes. 
     A patient&#39;s organ or a limb is heated for regional therapy, which is accomplished using devices that produce high energy, such as magnets. Alternatively, some of the patient&#39;s blood may be removed and heated before being perfused into an area that will be internally heated. Whole-body heating may also be implemented in cases where cancer has spread throughout the body. Warm-water blankets, hot wax, inductive coils, and thermal chambers may be used for this purpose. 
     Hormonal therapy may also be used in conjunction with the present invention or in combination with any other cancer therapy previously described. The use of hormones may be employed in the treatment of certain cancers such as breast, prostate, ovarian, or cervical cancer to lower the level or block the effects of certain hormones such as testosterone or estrogen. This treatment is often used in combination with at least one other cancer therapy as a treatment option or to reduce the risk of metastases. 
     This application incorporates U.S. application Ser. No. 11/349,727 filed on Feb. 8, 2006 claiming priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/650,807 filed Feb. 8, 2005 herein by references in its entirety. 
     III. Mirna Molecules 
     MicroRNA molecules (“miRNAs”) are generally 21 to 22 nucleotides in length, though lengths of 19 and up to 23 nucleotides have been reported. The miRNAs are each processed from a longer precursor RNA molecule (“precursor miRNA”). Precursor miRNAs are transcribed from non-protein-encoding genes. The precursor miRNAs have two regions of complementarity that enables them to form a stem-loop- or fold-back-like structure, which is cleaved in animals by a ribonuclease III-like nuclease enzyme called Dicer. The processed miRNA is typically a portion of the stem. 
     The processed miRNA (also referred to as “mature miRNA”) becomes part of a large complex to down-regulate a particular target gene or its gene product. Examples of animal miRNAs include those that imperfectly basepair with the target, which halts translation (Olsen et al., 1999; Seggerson et al., 2002). siRNA molecules also are processed by Dicer, but from a long, double-stranded RNA molecule. siRNAs are not naturally found in animal cells, but they can direct the sequence-specific cleavage of an mRNA target through a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) (Denli et al., 2003). 
     A. Array Preparation 
     Certain embodiments of the present invention concerns the preparation and use of mRNA or nucleic acid arrays, miRNA or nucleic acid arrays, and/or miRNA or nucleic acid probe arrays, which are macroarrays or microarrays of nucleic acid molecules (probes) that are fully or nearly complementary (over the length of the prove) or identical (over the length of the prove) to a plurality of nucleic acid, mRNA or miRNA molecules, precursor miRNA molecules, or nucleic acids derived from the various genes and gene pathways modulated by miR-34 miRNAs and that are positioned on a support or support material in a spatially separated organization. Macroarrays are typically sheets of nitrocellulose or nylon upon which probes have been spotted. Microarrays position the nucleic acid probes more densely such that up to 10,000 nucleic acid molecules can be fit into a region typically 1 to 4 square centimeters. Microarrays can be fabricated by spotting nucleic acid molecules, e.g., genes, oligonucleotides, etc., onto substrates or fabricating oligonucleotide sequences in situ on a substrate. Spotted or fabricated nucleic acid molecules can be applied in a high density matrix pattern of up to about 30 non-identical nucleic acid molecules per square centimeter or higher, e.g. up to about 100 or even 1000 per square centimeter. Microarrays typically use coated glass as the solid support, in contrast to the nitrocellulose-based material of filter arrays. By having an ordered array of marker RNA and/or miRNA-complementing nucleic acid samples, the position of each sample can be tracked and linked to the original sample. 
     A variety of different array devices in which a plurality of distinct nucleic acid probes are stably associated with the surface of a solid support are known to those of skill in the art. Useful substrates for arrays include nylon, glass, metal, plastic, latex, and silicon. Such arrays may vary in a number of different ways, including average probe length, sequence or types of probes, nature of bond between the probe and the array surface, e.g. covalent or non-covalent, and the like. The labeling and screening methods of the present invention and the arrays are not limited in its utility with respect to any parameter except that the probes detect miRNA, or genes or nucleic acid representative of genes; consequently, methods and compositions may be used with a variety of different types of nucleic acid arrays. 
     Representative methods and apparatus for preparing a microarray have been described, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,143,854; 5,202,231; 5,242,974; 5,288,644; 5,324,633; 5,384,261; 5,405,783; 5,412,087; 5,424,186; 5,429,807; 5,432,049; 5,436,327; 5,445,934; 5,468,613; 5,470,710; 5,472,672; 5,492,806; 5,525,464; 5,503,980; 5,510,270; 5,525,464; 5,527,681; 5,529,756; 5,532,128; 5,545,531; 5,547,839; 5,554,501; 5,556,752; 5,561,071; 5,571,639; 5,580,726; 5,580,732; 5,593,839; 5,599,695; 5,599,672; 5,610;287; 5,624,711; 5,631,134; 5,639,603; 5,654,413; 5,658,734; 5,661,028; 5,665,547; 5,667,972; 5,695,940; 5,700,637; 5,744,305; 5,800,992; 5,807,522; 5,830,645; 5,837,196; 5,871,928; 5,847,219; 5,876,932; 5,919,626; 6,004,755; 6,087,102; 6,368,799; 6,383,749; 6,617,112; 6,638,717; 6,720,138, as well as WO 93/17126; WO 95/11995; WO 95/21265; WO 95/21944; WO 95/35505; WO 96/31622; WO 97/10365; WO 97/27317; WO 99/35505; WO 09923256; WO 09936760; WO0138580; WO 0168255; WO 03020898; WO 03040410; WO 03053586; WO 03087297; WO 03091426; WO03100012; WO 04020085; WO 04027093; EP 373 203; EP 785 280; EP 799 897 and UK 8 803 000; the disclosures of which are all herein incorporated by reference. 
     It is contemplated that the arrays can be high density arrays, such that they contain 2, 20, 25, 50, 80, 100 or more different probes. It is contemplated that they may contain 1000, 16,000, 65,000, 250,000 or 1,000,000 or more different probes. The probes can be directed to mRNA and/or miRNA targets in one or more different organisms or cell types. The oligonucleotide probes range from 5 to 50, 5 to 45, 10 to 40, 9 to 34, or 15 to 40 nucleotides in length in some embodiments. In certain embodiments, the oligonucleotide probes are 5, 10, 15, 20 to 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 nucleotides in length including all integers and ranges there between. 
     The location and sequence of each different probe sequence in the array are generally known. Moreover, the large number of different probes can occupy a relatively small area providing a high density array having a probe density of generally greater than about 60, 100, 600, 1000, 5,000, 10,000, 40,000, 100,000, or 400,000 different oligonucleotide probes per cm 2 . The surface area of the array can be about or less than about 1, 1.6, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 cm 2 . 
     Moreover, a person of ordinary skill in the art could readily analyze data generated using an array. Such protocols are disclosed above, and include information found in WO 9743450; WO 03023058; WO 03022421; WO 03029485; WO 03067217; WO 03066906; WO 03076928; WO 03093810; WO 03100448A1, all of which are specifically incorporated by reference. 
     B. Sample Preparation 
     It is contemplated that the RNA and/or miRNA of a wide variety of samples can be analyzed using the arrays, index of probes, or array technology of the invention. While endogenous miRNA is contemplated for use with compositions and methods of the invention, recombinant miRNA—including nucleic acids that are complementary or identical to endogenous miRNA or precursor miRNA—can also be handled and analyzed as described herein. Samples may be biological samples, in which case, they can be from biopsy, fine needle aspirates, exfoliates, blood, tissue, organs, semen, saliva, tears, other bodily fluid, hair follicles, skin, or any sample containing or constituting biological cells, particularly cancer or hyperproliferative cells. In certain embodiments, samples may be, but are not limited to, biopsy, or cells purified or enriched to some extent from a biopsy or other bodily fluids or tissues. Alternatively, the sample may not be a biological sample, but be a chemical mixture, such as a cell-free reaction mixture (which may contain one or more biological enzymes). 
     C. Hybridization 
     After an array or a set of probes is prepared and/or the nucleic acid in the sample or probe is labeled, the population of target nucleic acids is contacted with the array or probes under hybridization conditions, where such conditions can be adjusted, as desired, to provide for an optimum level of specificity in view of the particular assay being performed. Suitable hybridization conditions are well known to those of skill in the art and reviewed in Sambrook et al. (2001) and WO 95/21944. Of particular interest in many embodiments is the use of stringent conditions during hybridization. Stringent conditions are known to those of skill in the art. 
     It is specifically contemplated that a single array or set of probes may be contacted with multiple samples. The samples may be labeled with different labels to distinguish the samples. For example, a single array can be contacted with a tumor tissue sample labeled with Cy3, and normal tissue sample labeled with Cy5. Differences between the samples for particular miRNAs corresponding to probes on the array can be readily ascertained and quantified. 
     The small surface area of the array permits uniform hybridization conditions, such as temperature regulation and salt content. Moreover, because of the small area occupied by the high density arrays, hybridization may be carried out in extremely small fluid volumes (e.g., about 250 μl or less, including volumes of about or less than about 5, 10, 25, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 μl, or any range derivable therein). In small volumes, hybridization may proceed very rapidly. 
     D. Differential Expression Analyses 
     Arrays of the invention can be used to detect differences between two samples. Specifically contemplated applications include identifying and/or quantifying differences between miRNA or gene expression from a sample that is normal and from a sample that is not normal, between a disease or condition and a cell not exhibiting such a disease or condition, or between two differently treated samples. Also, miRNA or gene expression may be compared between a sample believed to be susceptible to a particular disease or condition and one believed to be not susceptible or resistant to that disease or condition. A sample that is not normal is one exhibiting phenotypic or genotypic trait(s) of a disease or condition, or one believed to be not normal with respect to that disease or condition. It may be compared to a cell that is normal with respect to that disease or condition. Phenotypic traits include symptoms of, or susceptibility to, a disease or condition of which a component is or may or may not be genetic, or caused by a hyperproliferative or neoplastic cell or cells. 
     An array comprises a solid support with nucleic acid probes attached to the support. Arrays typically comprise a plurality of different nucleic acid probes that are coupled to a surface of a substrate in different, known locations. These arrays, also described as “microarrays” or colloquially “chips” have been generally described in the art, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,143,854, 5,445,934, 5,744,305, 5,677,195, 6,040,193, 5,424,186 and Fodor et al., (1991), each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Techniques for the synthesis of these arrays using mechanical synthesis methods are described in, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,384,261, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. Although a planar array surface is used in certain aspects, the array may be fabricated on a surface of virtually any shape or even a multiplicity of surfaces. Arrays may be nucleic acids on beads, gels, polymeric surfaces, fibers such as fiber optics, glass or any other appropriate substrate, see U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,770,358, 5,789,162, 5,708,153, 6,040,193 and 5,800,992, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety for all purposes. Arrays may be packaged in such a manner as to allow for diagnostics or other manipulation of an all inclusive device, see for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,856,174 and 5,922,591 incorporated in their entirety by reference for all purposes. See also U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/545,207, filed Apr. 7, 2000 for additional information concerning arrays, their manufacture, and their characteristics, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
     Particularly, arrays can be used to evaluate samples with respect to pathological condition such as cancer and related conditions. It is specifically contemplated that the invention can be used to evaluate differences between stages or sub-classifications of disease, such as between benign, cancerous, and metastatic tissues or tumors. 
     Phenotypic traits to be assessed include characteristics such as longevity, morbidity, expected survival, susceptibility or receptivity to particular drugs or therapeutic treatments (drug efficacy), and risk of drug toxicity. Samples that differ in these phenotypic traits may also be evaluated using the compositions and methods described. 
     In certain embodiments, miRNA and/or expression profiles may be generated to evaluate and correlate those profiles with pharmacokinetics or therapies. For example, these profiles may be created and evaluated for patient tumor and blood samples prior to the patient&#39;s being treated or during treatment to determine if there are miRNA or genes whose expression correlates with the outcome of the patient&#39;s treatment. Identification of differential miRNAs or genes can lead to a diagnostic assay for evaluation of tumor and/or blood samples to determine what drug regimen the patient should be provided. In addition, it can be used to identify or select patients suitable for a particular clinical trial. If an expression profile is determined to be correlated with drug efficacy or drug toxicity, that profile is relevant to whether that patient is an appropriate patient for receiving a drug, for receiving a combination of drugs, or for a particular dosage of the drug. 
     In addition to the above prognostic assay, samples from patients with a variety of diseases can be evaluated to determine if different diseases can be identified based on miRNA and/or related gene expression levels. A diagnostic assay can be created based on the profiles that doctors can use to identify individuals with a disease or who are at risk to develop a disease. Alternatively, treatments can be designed based on miRNA profiling. Examples of such methods and compositions are described in the U.S. Provisional Patent Application entitled “Methods and Compositions Involving miRNA and miRNA Inhibitor Molecules” filed on May 23, 2005 in the names of David Brown, Lance Ford, Angie Cheng and Rich Jarvis, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     E. Other Assays 
     In addition to the use of arrays and microarrays, it is contemplated that a number of different assays could be employed to analyze miRNAs or related genes, their activities, and their effects. Such assays include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid amplification, polymerase chain reaction, quantitative PCR, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, Northern hybridization, hybridization protection assay (HPA) (GenProbe), branched DNA (bDNA) assay (Chiron), rolling circle amplification (RCA), single molecule hybridization detection (US Genomics), Invader assay (ThirdWave Technologies), and/or Bridge Litigation Assay (Genaco). 
     IV. Nucleic Acids 
     The present invention concerns nucleic acids, modified or mimetic nucleic acids, miRNAs, mRNAs, genes, and representative fragments thereof that can be labeled, used in array analysis, or employed in diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic applications, particularly those related to pathological conditions such as cancer. The molecules may have been endogenously produced by a cell, or been synthesized or produced chemically or recombinantly. They may be isolated and/or purified. Each of the miRNAs described herein and includes the corresponding SEQ ID NO and accession numbers for these miRNA sequences. The name of a miRNA is often abbreviated and referred to without a “hsa-” prefix and will be understood as such, depending on the context. Unless otherwise indicated, miRNAs referred to in the application are human sequences identified as miR-X or let-X, where X is a number and/or letter. 
     In certain aspects, a miRNA probe designated by a suffix “5P” or “3P” can be used. “5P” indicates that the mature miRNA derives from the 5′ end of the precursor and a corresponding “3P” indicates that it derives from the 3′ end of the precursor, as described on the world wide web at sanger.ac.uk. Moreover, in some embodiments, a miRNA probe is used that does not correspond to a known human miRNA. It is contemplated that these non-human miRNA probes may be used in embodiments of the invention or that there may exist a human miRNA that is homologous to the non-human miRNA. In other embodiments, any mammalian cell, biological sample, or preparation thereof may be employed. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, methods and compositions involving miRNA may concern miRNA, markers (mRNAs), and/or other nucleic acids. Nucleic acids may be, be at least, or be at most 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900, 910, 920, 930, 940, 950, 960, 970, 980, 990, or 1000 nucleotides, or any range derivable therein, in length. Such lengths cover the lengths of processed miRNA, miRNA probes, precursor miRNA, miRNA containing vectors, mRNA, mRNA probes, control nucleic acids, and other probes and primers. 
     In many embodiments, miRNA are 19-24 nucleotides in length, while miRNA probes are 19-35 nucleotides in length, depending on the length of the processed miRNA and any flanking regions added. miRNA precursors are generally between 62 and 110 nucleotides in humans. 
     Nucleic acids of the invention may have regions of identity or complementarity to another nucleic acid. It is contemplated that the region of complementarity or identity can be at least 5 contiguous residues, though it is specifically contemplated that the region is, is at least, or is at most 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350, 360, 370, 380, 390, 400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 441, 450, 460, 470, 480, 490, 500, 510, 520, 530, 540, 550, 560, 570, 580, 590, 600, 610, 620, 630, 640, 650, 660, 670, 680, 690, 700, 710, 720, 730, 740, 750, 760, 770, 780, 790, 800, 810, 820, 830, 840, 850, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900, 910, 920, 930, 940, 950, 960, 970, 980, 990, or 1000 contiguous nucleotides. It is further understood that the length of complementarity within a precursor miRNA or other nucleic acid or between a miRNA probe and a miRNA or a miRNA gene are such lengths. Moreover, the complementarity may be expressed as a percentage, meaning that the complementarity between a probe and its target is 90% or greater over the length of the probe. In some embodiments, complementarity is or is at least 90%, 95% or 100%. In particular, such lengths may be applied to any nucleic acid comprising a nucleic acid sequence identified in any of SEQ ID NOs described herein, accession number, or any other sequence disclosed herein. Typically, the commonly used name of the miRNA is given (with its identifying source in the prefix, for example, “hsa” for human sequences) and the processed miRNA sequence. Unless otherwise indicated, a miRNA without a prefix will be understood to refer to a human miRNA. Moreover, a lowercase letter in a miRNA name may or may not be lowercase; for example, hsa-mir-130b can also be referred to as miR-130B. The term “miRNA probe” refers to a nucleic acid probe that can identify a particular miRNA or structurally related miRNAs. 
     It is understood that some nucleic acids are derived from genomic sequences or a gene. In this respect, the term “gene” is used for simplicity to refer to the genomic sequence encoding the precursor nucleic acid or miRNA for a given miRNA or gene. However, embodiments of the invention may involve genomic sequences of a miRNA that are involved in its expression, such as a promoter or other regulatory sequences. 
     The term “recombinant” may be used and this generally refers to a molecule that has been manipulated in vitro or that is a replicated or expressed product of such a molecule. 
     The term “nucleic acid” is well known in the art. A “nucleic acid” as used herein will generally refer to a molecule (one or more strands) of DNA, RNA or a derivative or analog thereof, comprising a nucleobase. A nucleobase includes, for example, a naturally occurring purine or pyrimidine base found in DNA (e.g., an adenine “A,” a guanine “G,” a thymine “T” or a cytosine “C”) or RNA (e.g., an A, a G, an uracil “U” or a C). The term “nucleic acid” encompasses the terms “oligonucleotide” and “polynucleotide,” each as a subgenus of the term “nucleic acid.” 
     The term “miRNA” generally refers to a single-stranded molecule, but in specific embodiments, molecules implemented in the invention will also encompass a region or an additional strand that is partially (between 10 and 50% complementary across length of strand), substantially (greater than 50% but less than 100% complementary across length of strand) or fully complementary to another region of the same single-stranded molecule or to another nucleic acid. Thus, nucleic acids of the invention may encompass a molecule that comprises one or more complementary or self-complementary strand(s) or “complement(s)” of a particular sequence. For example, precursor miRNA may have a self-complementary region, which is up to 100% complementary. miRNA probes or nucleic acids of the invention can include, can be or can be at least 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 or 100% complementary to their target. 
     It is understood that a “synthetic nucleic acid” of the invention means that the nucleic acid does not have all or part of a chemical structure or sequence of a naturally occurring nucleic acid. Consequently, it will be understood that the term “synthetic miRNA” refers to a “synthetic nucleic acid” that functions in a cell or under physiological conditions as a naturally occurring miRNA. 
     While embodiments of the invention may involve synthetic miRNAs or synthetic nucleic acids, in some embodiments of the invention, the nucleic acid molecule(s) need not be “synthetic.” In certain embodiments, a non-synthetic nucleic acid or miRNA employed in methods and compositions of the invention may have the entire sequence and structure of a naturally occurring mRNA or miRNA precursor or the mature mRNA or miRNA. For example, non-synthetic miRNAs used in methods and compositions of the invention may not have one or more modified nucleotides or nucleotide analogs. In these embodiments, the non-synthetic miRNA may or may not be recombinantly produced. In particular embodiments, the nucleic acid in methods and/or compositions of the invention is specifically a synthetic miRNA and not a non-synthetic miRNA (that is, not a miRNA that qualifies as “synthetic”); though in other embodiments, the invention specifically involves a non-synthetic miRNA and not a synthetic miRNA. Any embodiments discussed with respect to the use of synthetic miRNAs can be applied with respect to non-synthetic miRNAs, and vice versa. 
     It will be understood that the term “naturally occurring” refers to something found in an organism without any intervention by a person; it could refer to a naturally-occurring wildtype or mutant molecule. In some embodiments a synthetic miRNA molecule does not have the sequence of a naturally occurring miRNA molecule. In other embodiments, a synthetic miRNA molecule may have the sequence of a naturally occurring miRNA molecule, but the chemical structure of the molecule, particularly in the part unrelated specifically to the precise sequence (non-sequence chemical structure) differs from chemical structure of the naturally occurring miRNA molecule with that sequence. In some cases, the synthetic miRNA has both a sequence and non-sequence chemical structure that are not found in a naturally-occurring miRNA. Moreover, the sequence of the synthetic molecules will identify which miRNA is effectively being provided or inhibited; the endogenous miRNA will be referred to as the “corresponding miRNA.” Corresponding miRNA sequences that can be used in the context of the invention include, but are not limited to, all or a portion of those sequences in the SEQ IDs provided herein, as well as any other miRNA sequence, miRNA precursor sequence, or any sequence complementary thereof. In some embodiments, the sequence is or is derived from or contains all or part of a sequence identified herein to target a particular miRNA (or set of miRNAs) that can be used with that sequence. Any 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260 or any number or range of sequences there between may be selected to the exclusion of all non-selected sequences. 
     As used herein, “hybridization”, “hybridizes” or “capable of hybridizing” is understood to mean the forming of a double or triple stranded molecule or a molecule with partial double or triple stranded nature. The term “anneal” as used herein is synonymous with “hybridize.” The term “hybridization”, “hybridize(s)” or “capable of hybridizing” encompasses the terms “stringent condition(s)” or “high stringency” and the terms “low stringency” or “low stringency condition(s).” 
     As used herein “stringent condition(s)” or “high stringency” are those conditions that allow hybridization between or within one or more nucleic acid strand(s) containing complementary sequence(s), but preclude hybridization of random sequences. Stringent conditions tolerate little, if any, mismatch between a nucleic acid and a target strand. Such conditions are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, and are preferred for applications requiring high selectivity. Non-limiting applications include isolating a nucleic acid, such as a gene or a nucleic acid segment thereof, or detecting at least one specific mRNA transcript or a nucleic acid segment thereof, and the like. 
     Stringent conditions may comprise low salt and/or high temperature conditions, such as provided by about 0.02 M to about 0.5 M NaCl at temperatures of about 42° C. to about 70° C. It is understood that the temperature and ionic strength of a desired stringency are determined in part by the length of the particular nucleic acid(s), the length and nucleobase content of the target sequence(s), the charge composition of the nucleic acid(s), and to the presence or concentration of formamide, tetramethylammonium chloride or other solvent(s) in a hybridization mixture. 
     It is also understood that these ranges, compositions and conditions for hybridization are mentioned by way of non-limiting examples only, and that the desired stringency for a particular hybridization reaction is often determined empirically by comparison to one or more positive or negative controls. Depending on the application envisioned it is preferred to employ varying conditions of hybridization to achieve varying degrees of selectivity of a nucleic acid towards a target sequence. In a non-limiting example, identification or isolation of a related target nucleic acid that does not hybridize to a nucleic acid under stringent conditions may be achieved by hybridization at low temperature and/or high ionic strength. Such conditions are termed “low stringency” or “low stringency conditions,” and non-limiting examples of low stringency include hybridization performed at about 0.15 M to about 0.9 M NaCl at a temperature range of about 20° C. to about 50° C. Of course, it is within the skill of one in the art to further modify the low or high stringency conditions to suite a particular application. 
     A. Nucleobase, Nucleoside, Nucleotide, and Modified Nucleotides 
     As used herein a “nucleobase” refers to a heterocyclic base, such as for example a naturally occurring nucleobase (i.e., an A, T, G, C or U) found in at least one naturally occurring nucleic acid (i.e., DNA and RNA), and naturally or non-naturally occurring derivative(s) and analogs of such a nucleobase. A nucleobase generally can form one or more hydrogen bonds (“anneal” or “hybridize”) with at least one naturally occurring nucleobase in a manner that may substitute for naturally occurring nucleobase pairing (e.g., the hydrogen bonding between A and T, G and C, and A and U). 
     “Purine” and/or “pyrimidine” nucleobase(s) encompass naturally occurring purine and/or pyrimidine nucleobases and also derivative(s) and analog(s) thereof, including but not limited to, those a purine or pyrimidine substituted by one or more of an alkyl, caboxyalkyl, amino, hydroxyl, halogen (i.e., fluoro, chloro, bromo, or iodo), thiol or alkylthiol moiety. Preferred alkyl (e.g., alkyl, caboxyalkyl, etc.) moieties comprise of from about 1, about 2, about 3, about 4, about 5, to about 6 carbon atoms. Other non-limiting examples of a purine or pyrimidine include a deazapurine, a 2,6-diaminopurine, a 5-fluorouracil, a xanthine, a hypoxanthine, a 8-bromoguanine, a 8-chloroguanine, a bromothymine, a 8-aminoguanine, a 8-hydroxyguanine, a 8-methylguanine, a 8-thioguanine, an azaguanine, a 2-aminopurine, a 5-ethylcytosine, a 5-methylcyosine, a 5-bromouracil, a 5-ethyluracil, a 5-iodouracil, a 5-chlorouracil, a 5-propyluracil, a thiouracil, a 2-methyladenine, a methylthioadenine, a N,N-diemethyladenine, an azaadenines, a 8-bromoadenine, a 8-hydroxyadenine, a 6-hydroxyaminopurine, a 6-thiopurine, a 4-(6-aminohexyl/cytosine), and the like. Other examples are well known to those of skill in the art. 
     As used herein, a “nucleoside” refers to an individual chemical unit comprising a nucleobase covalently attached to a nucleobase linker moiety. A non-limiting example of a “nucleobase linker moiety” is a sugar comprising 5-carbon atoms (i.e., a “5-carbon sugar”), including but not limited to a deoxyribose, a ribose, an arabinose, or a derivative or an analog of a 5-carbon sugar. Non-limiting examples of a derivative or an analog of a 5-carbon sugar include a 2′-fluoro-2′-deoxyribose or a carbocyclic sugar where a carbon is substituted for an oxygen atom in the sugar ring. Different types of covalent attachment(s) of a nucleobase to a nucleobase linker moiety are known in the art (Kornberg and Baker, 1992). 
     As used herein, a “nucleotide” refers to a nucleoside further comprising a “backbone moiety”. A backbone moiety generally covalently attaches a nucleotide to another molecule comprising a nucleotide, or to another nucleotide to form a nucleic acid. The “backbone moiety” in naturally occurring nucleotides typically comprises a phosphorus moiety, which is covalently attached to a 5-carbon sugar. The attachment of the backbone moiety typically occurs at either the 3′- or 5′-position of the 5-carbon sugar. However, other types of attachments are known in the art, particularly when a nucleotide comprises derivatives or analogs of a naturally occurring 5-carbon sugar or phosphorus moiety. 
     A nucleic acid may comprise, or be composed entirely of, a derivative or analog of a nucleobase, a nucleobase linker moiety and/or backbone moiety that may be present in a naturally occurring nucleic acid. RNA with nucleic acid analogs may also be labeled according to methods of the invention. As used herein a “derivative” refers to a chemically modified or altered form of a naturally occurring molecule, while the terms “mimic” or “analog” refer to a molecule that may or may not structurally resemble a naturally occurring molecule or moiety, but possesses similar functions. As used herein, a “moiety” generally refers to a smaller chemical or molecular component of a larger chemical or molecular structure. Nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide analogs or derivatives are well known in the art, and have been described (see for example, Scheit, 1980, incorporated herein by reference). 
     Additional non-limiting examples of nucleosides, nucleotides or nucleic acids include those in: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,681,947, 5,652,099 and 5,763,167, 5,614,617, 5,670,663, 5,872,232, 5,859,221, 5,446,137, 5,886,165, 5,714,606, 5,672,697, 5,466,786, 5,792,847, 5,223,618, 5,470,967, 5,378,825, 5,777,092, 5,623,070, 5,610,289, 5,602,240, 5,858,988, 5,214,136, 5,700,922, 5,708,154, 5,728,525, 5,637,683, 6,251,666, 5,480,980, and 5,728,525, each of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     Labeling methods and kits of the invention specifically contemplate the use of nucleotides that are both modified for attachment of a label and can be incorporated into a miRNA molecule. Such nucleotides include those that can be labeled with a dye, including a fluorescent dye, or with a molecule such as biotin. Labeled nucleotides are readily available; they can be acquired commercially or they can be synthesized by reactions known to those of skill in the art. 
     Modified nucleotides for use in the invention are not naturally occurring nucleotides, but instead, refer to prepared nucleotides that have a reactive moiety on them. Specific reactive functionalities of interest include: amino, sulfhydryl, sulfoxyl, aminosulfhydryl, azido, epoxide, isothiocyanate, isocyanate, anhydride, monochlorotriazine, dichlorotriazine, mono- or dihalogen substituted pyridine, mono- or disubstituted diazine, maleimide, epoxide, aziridine, sulfonyl halide, acid halide, alkyl halide, aryl halide, alkylsulfonate, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, imido ester, hydrazine, azidonitrophenyl, azide, 3-(2-pyridyl dithio)-propionamide, glyoxal, aldehyde, iodoacetyl, cyanomethyl ester, p-nitrophenyl ester, o-nitrophenyl ester, hydroxypyridine ester, carbonyl imidazole, and the other such chemical groups. In some embodiments, the reactive functionality may be bonded directly to a nucleotide, or it may be bonded to the nucleotide through a linking group. The functional moiety and any linker cannot substantially impair the ability of the nucleotide to be added to the miRNA or to be labeled. Representative linking groups include carbon containing linking groups, typically ranging from about 2 to 18, usually from about 2 to 8 carbon atoms, where the carbon containing linking groups may or may not include one or more heteroatoms, e.g. S, O, N etc., and may or may not include one or more sites of unsaturation. Of particular interest in many embodiments is alkyl linking groups, typically lower alkyl linking groups of 1 to 16, usually 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where the linking groups may include one or more sites of unsaturation. The functionalized nucleotides (or primers) used in the above methods of functionalized target generation may be fabricated using known protocols or purchased from commercial vendors, e.g., Sigma, Roche, Ambion, Biosearch Technologies and NEN. Functional groups may be prepared according to ways known to those of skill in the art, including the representative information found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,404,289; 4,405,711; 4,337,063 and 5,268,486, and U.K. Patent 1,529,202, which are all incorporated by reference. 
     Amine-modified nucleotides are used in several embodiments of the invention. The amine-modified nucleotide is a nucleotide that has a reactive amine group for attachment of the label. It is contemplated that any ribonucleotide (G, A, U, or C) or deoxyribonucleotide (G, A, T, or C) can be modified for labeling. Examples include, but are not limited to, the following modified ribo- and deoxyribo-nucleotides: 5-(3-aminoallyl)-UTP; 8-[(4-amino)butyl]-amino-ATP and 8-[(6-amino)butyl]-amino-ATP; N6-(4-amino)butyl-ATP, N6-(6-amino)butyl-ATP, N4-[2,2-oxy-bis-(ethylamine)]-CTP; N6-(6-Amino)hexyl-ATP; 8-[(6-Amino)hexyl]-amino-ATP; 5-propargylamino-CTP, 5-propargylamino-UTP; 5-(3-aminoallyl)-dUTP; 8-[(4-amino)butyl]-amino-dATP and 8-[(6-amino)butyl]-amino-dATP; N6-(4-amino)butyl-dATP, N6-(6-amino)butyl-dATP, N4-[2,2-oxy-bis-(ethylamine)]-dCTP; N6-(6-Amino)hexyl-dATP; 8-[(6-Amino)hexyl]-amino-dATP; 5-propargylamino-dCTP, and 5-propargylamino-dUTP. Such nucleotides can be prepared according to methods known to those of skill in the art. Moreover, a person of ordinary skill in the art could prepare other nucleotide entities with the same amine-modification, such as a 5-(3-aminoallyl)-CTP, GTP, ATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP, or dUTP in place of a 5-(3-aminoallyl)-UTP. 
     B. Preparation of Nucleic Acids 
     A nucleic acid may be made by any technique known to one of ordinary skill in the art, such as for example, chemical synthesis, enzymatic production, or biological production. It is specifically contemplated that miRNA probes of the invention are chemically synthesized. 
     In some embodiments of the invention, miRNAs are recovered or isolated from a biological sample. The miRNA may be recombinant or it may be natural or endogenous to the cell (produced from the cell&#39;s genome). It is contemplated that a biological sample may be treated in a way so as to enhance the recovery of small RNA molecules such as miRNA. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/667,126 describes such methods and it is specifically incorporated by reference herein. Generally, methods involve lysing cells with a solution having guanidinium and a detergent. 
     Alternatively, nucleic acid synthesis is performed according to standard methods. See, for example, Itakura and Riggs (1980) and U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,704,362, 5,221,619, and 5,583,013, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. Non-limiting examples of a synthetic nucleic acid (e.g., a synthetic oligonucleotide), include a nucleic acid made by in vitro chemically synthesis using phosphotriester, phosphite, or phosphoramidite chemistry and solid phase techniques such as described in EP 266,032, incorporated herein by reference, or via deoxynucleoside H-phosphonate intermediates as described by Froehler et al., 1986 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,705,629, each incorporated herein by reference. Various different mechanisms of oligonucleotide synthesis have been disclosed in for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,659,774, 4,816,571, 5,141,813, 5,264,566, 4,959,463, 5,428,148, 5,554,744, 5,574,146, 5,602,244, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     A non-limiting example of an enzymatically produced nucleic acid include one produced by enzymes in amplification reactions such as PCR™ (see for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,683,202 and 4,682,195, each incorporated herein by reference), or the synthesis of an oligonucleotide described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,645,897, incorporated herein by reference. See also Sambrook et al., 2001, incorporated herein by reference). 
     Oligonucleotide synthesis is well known to those of skill in the art. Various different mechanisms of oligonucleotide synthesis have been disclosed in for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,659,774, 4,816,571, 5,141,813, 5,264,566, 4,959,463, 5,428,148, 5,554,744, 5,574,146, 5,602,244, each of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     Recombinant methods for producing nucleic acids in a cell are well known to those of skill in the art. These include the use of vectors (viral and non-viral), plasmids, cosmids, and other vehicles for delivering a nucleic acid to a cell, which may be the target cell (e.g., a cancer cell) or simply a host cell (to produce large quantities of the desired RNA molecule). Alternatively, such vehicles can be used in the context of a cell free system so long as the reagents for generating the RNA molecule are present. Such methods include those described in Sambrook, 2003, Sambrook, 2001 and Sambrook, 1989, which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     C. Isolation of Nucleic Acids 
     Nucleic acids may be isolated using techniques well known to those of skill in the art, though in particular embodiments, methods for isolating small nucleic acid molecules, and/or isolating RNA molecules can be employed. Chromatography is a process often used to separate or isolate nucleic acids from protein or from other nucleic acids. Such methods can involve electrophoresis with a gel matrix, filter columns, alcohol precipitation, and/or other chromatography. If miRNA from cells is to be used or evaluated, methods generally involve lysing the cells with a chaotropic (e.g., guanidinium isothiocyanate) and/or detergent (e.g., N-lauroyl sarcosine) prior to implementing processes for isolating particular populations of RNA. 
     In particular methods for separating miRNA from other nucleic acids, a gel matrix is prepared using polyacrylamide, though agarose can also be used. The gels may be graded by concentration or they may be uniform. Plates or tubing can be used to hold the gel matrix for electrophoresis. Usually one-dimensional electrophoresis is employed for the separation of nucleic acids. Plates are used to prepare a slab gel, while the tubing (glass or rubber, typically) can be used to prepare a tube gel. The phrase “tube electrophoresis” refers to the use of a tube or tubing, instead of plates, to form the gel. Materials for implementing tube electrophoresis can be readily prepared by a person of skill in the art or purchased, such as from C.B.S. Scientific Co., Inc. or Scie-Plas. 
     Methods may involve the use of organic solvents and/or alcohol to isolate nucleic acids, particularly miRNA used in methods and compositions of the invention. Some embodiments are described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/667,126, which is hereby incorporated by reference. Generally, this disclosure provides methods for efficiently isolating small RNA molecules from cells comprising: adding an alcohol solution to a cell lysate and applying the alcohol/lysate mixture to a solid support before eluting the RNA molecules from the solid support. In some embodiments, the amount of alcohol added to a cell lysate achieves an alcohol concentration of about 55% to 60%. While different alcohols can be employed, ethanol works well. A solid support may be any structure, and it includes beads, filters, and columns, which may include a mineral or polymer support with electronegative groups. A glass fiber filter or column has worked particularly well for such isolation procedures. 
     In specific embodiments, miRNA isolation processes include: a) lysing cells in the sample with a lysing solution comprising guanidinium, wherein a lysate with a concentration of at least about 1 M guanidinium is produced; b) extracting miRNA molecules from the lysate with an extraction solution comprising phenol; c) adding to the lysate an alcohol solution for forming a lysate/alcohol mixture, wherein the concentration of alcohol in the mixture is between about 35% to about 70%; d) applying the lysate/alcohol mixture to a solid support; e) eluting the miRNA molecules from the solid support with an ionic solution; and, f) capturing the miRNA molecules. Typically the sample is dried and resuspended in a liquid and volume appropriate for subsequent manipulation. 
     V. Labels and Labeling Techniques 
     In some embodiments, the present invention concerns miRNA that are labeled. It is contemplated that miRNA may first be isolated and/or purified prior to labeling. This may achieve a reaction that more efficiently labels the miRNA, as opposed to other RNA in a sample in which the miRNA is not isolated or purified prior to labeling. In many embodiments of the invention, the label is non-radioactive. Generally, nucleic acids may be labeled by adding labeled nucleotides (one-step process) or adding nucleotides and labeling the added nucleotides (two-step process). 
     A. Labeling Techniques 
     In some embodiments, nucleic acids are labeled by catalytically adding to the nucleic acid an already labeled nucleotide or nucleotides. One or more labeled nucleotides can be added to miRNA molecules. See U.S. Pat. No. 6,723,509, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     In other embodiments, an unlabeled nucleotide or nucleotides is catalytically added to a miRNA, and the unlabeled nucleotide is modified with a chemical moiety that enables it to be subsequently labeled. In embodiments of the invention, the chemical moiety is a reactive amine such that the nucleotide is an amine-modified nucleotide. Examples of amine-modified nucleotides are well known to those of skill in the art, many being commercially available such as from Ambion, Sigma, Jena Bioscience, and TriLink. 
     In contrast to labeling of cDNA during its synthesis, the issue for labeling miRNA is how to label the already existing molecule. The present invention concerns the use of an enzyme capable of using a di- or tri-phosphate ribonucleotide or deoxyribonucleotide as a substrate for its addition to a miRNA. Moreover, in specific embodiments, it involves using a modified di- or tri-phosphate ribonucleotide, which is added to the 3′ end of a miRNA. Enzymes capable of adding such nucleotides include, but are not limited to, poly(A)polymerase, terminal transferase, and polynucleotide phosphorylase. In specific embodiments of the invention, a ligase is contemplated as not being the enzyme used to add the label, and instead, a non-ligase enzyme is employed. Terminal transferase catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the 3′ terminus of a nucleic acid. Polynucleotide phosphorylase can polymerize nucleotide diphosphates without the need for a primer. 
     B. Labels 
     Labels on miRNA or miRNA probes may be colorimetric (includes visible and UV spectrum, including fluorescent), luminescent, enzymatic, or positron emitting (including radioactive). The label may be detected directly or indirectly. Radioactive labels include  125 I,  32 P,  33 P, and  35 S. Examples of enzymatic labels include alkaline phosphatase, luciferase, horseradish peroxidase, and β-galactosidase. Labels can also be proteins with luminescent properties, e.g., green fluorescent protein and phycoerythrin. 
     The colorimetric and fluorescent labels contemplated for use as conjugates include, but are not limited to, Alexa Fluor dyes, BODIPY dyes, such as BODIPY FL; Cascade Blue; Cascade Yellow; coumarin and its derivatives, such as 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin, aminocoumarin and hydroxycoumarin; cyanine dyes, such as Cy3 and Cy5; eosins and erythrosins; fluorescein and its derivatives, such as fluorescein isothiocyanate; macrocyclic chelates of lanthanide ions, such as Quantum Dye™; Marina Blue; Oregon Green; rhodamine dyes, such as rhodamine red, tetramethylrhodamine and rhodamine 6G; Texas Red; fluorescent energy transfer dyes, such as thiazole orange-ethidium heterodimer; and, TOTAB. 
     Specific examples of dyes include, but are not limited to, those identified above and the following: Alexa Fluor 350, Alexa Fluor 405, Alexa Fluor 430, Alexa Fluor 488, Alexa Fluor 500. Alexa Fluor 514, Alexa Fluor 532, Alexa Fluor 546, Alexa Fluor 555, Alexa Fluor 568, Alexa Fluor 594, Alexa Fluor 610, Alexa Fluor 633, Alexa Fluor 647, Alexa Fluor 660, Alexa Fluor 680, Alexa Fluor 700, and, Alexa Fluor 750; amine-reactive BODIPY dyes, such as BODIPY 493/503, BODIPY 530/550, BODIPY 558/568, BODIPY 564/570, BODIPY 576/589, BODIPY 581/591, BODIPY 630/650, BODIPY 650/655, BODIPY FL, BODIPY R6G, BODIPY TMR, and, BODIPY-TR; Cy3, Cy5, 6-FAM, Fluorescein Isothiocyanate, HEX, 6-JOE, Oregon Green 488, Oregon Green 500, Oregon Green 514, Pacific Blue, REG, Rhodamine Green, Rhodamine Red, Renographin, ROX, SYPRO, TAMRA, 2′,4′,5′,7′-Tetrabromosulfonefluorescein, and TET. 
     Specific examples of fluorescently labeled ribonucleotides are available from Molecular Probes, and these include, Alexa Fluor 488-5-UTP, Fluorescein-12-UTP, BODIPY FL-14-UTP, BODIPY TMR-14-UTP, Tetramethylrhodamine-6-UTP, Alexa Fluor 546-14-UTP, Texas Red-5-UTP, and BODIPY TR-14-UTP. Other fluorescent ribonucleotides are available from Amersham Biosciences, such as Cy3-UTP and Cy5-UTP. 
     Examples of fluorescently labeled deoxyribonucleotides include Dinitrophenyl (DNP)-11-dUTP, Cascade Blue-7-dUTP, Alexa Fluor 488-5-dUTP, Fluorescein-12-dUTP, Oregon Green 488-5-dUTP, BODIPY FL-14-dUTP, Rhodamine Green-5-dUTP, Alexa Fluor 532-5-dUTP, BODIPY TMR-14-dUTP, Tetramethylrhodamine-6-dUTP, Alexa Fluor 546-14-dUTP, Alexa Fluor 568-5-dUTP, Texas Red-12-dUTP, Texas Red-5-dUTP, BODIPY TR-14-dUTP, Alexa Fluor 594-5-dUTP, BODIPY 630/650-14-dUTP, BODIPY 650/665-14-dUTP; Alexa Fluor 488-7-OBEA-dCTP, Alexa Fluor 546-16-OBEA-dCTP, Alexa Fluor 594-7-OBEA-dCTP, Alexa Fluor 647-12-OBEA-dCTP. 
     It is contemplated that nucleic acids may be labeled with two different labels. Furthermore, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) may be employed in methods of the invention (e.g., Klostermeier et al., 2002; Emptage, 2001; Didenko, 2001, each incorporated by reference). 
     Alternatively, the label may not be detectable per se, but indirectly detectable or allowing for the isolation or separation of the targeted nucleic acid. For example, the label could be biotin, digoxigenin, polyvalent cations, chelator groups and the other ligands, include ligands for an antibody. 
     C. Visualization Techniques 
     A number of techniques for visualizing or detecting labeled nucleic acids are readily available. Such techniques include, microscopy, arrays, Fluorometry, Light cyclers or other real time PCR machines, FACS analysis, scintillation counters, Phosphoimagers, Geiger counters, MRI, CAT, antibody-based detection methods (Westerns, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry), histochemical techniques, HPLC (Griffey et al., 1997), spectroscopy, capillary gel electrophoresis (Cummins et al., 1996), spectroscopy; mass spectroscopy; radiological techniques; and mass balance techniques. 
     When two or more differentially colored labels are employed, fluorescent resonance energy transfer (FRET) techniques may be employed to characterize association of one or more nucleic acid. Furthermore, a person of ordinary skill in the art is well aware of ways of visualizing, identifying, and characterizing labeled nucleic acids, and accordingly, such protocols may be used as part of the invention. Examples of tools that may be used also include fluorescent microscopy, a BioAnalyzer, a plate reader, Storm (Molecular Dynamics), Array Scanner, FACS (fluorescent activated cell sorter), or any instrument that has the ability to excite and detect a fluorescent molecule. 
     VI. Kits 
     Any of the compositions described herein may be comprised in a kit. In a non-limiting example, reagents for isolating miRNA, labeling miRNA, and/or evaluating a miRNA population using an array, nucleic acid amplification, and/or hybridization can be included in a kit, as well reagents for preparation of samples from blood samples. The kit may further include reagents for creating or synthesizing miRNA probes. The kits will thus comprise, in suitable container means, an enzyme for labeling the miRNA by incorporating labeled nucleotide or unlabeled nucleotides that are subsequently labeled. In certain aspects, the kit can include amplification reagents. In other aspects, the kit may include various supports, such as glass, nylon, polymeric beads, and the like, and/or reagents for coupling any probes and/or target nucleic acids. It may also include one or more buffers, such as reaction buffer, labeling buffer, washing buffer, or a hybridization buffer, compounds for preparing the miRNA probes, and components for isolating miRNA. Other kits of the invention may include components for making a nucleic acid array comprising miRNA, and thus, may include, for example, a solid support. 
     Kits for implementing methods of the invention described herein are specifically contemplated. In some embodiments, there are kits for preparing miRNA for multi-labeling and kits for preparing miRNA probes and/or miRNA arrays. In these embodiments, kit comprise, in suitable container means, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or more of the following: (1) poly(A) polymerase; (2) unmodified nucleotides (G, A, T, C, and/or U); (3) a modified nucleotide (labeled or unlabeled); (4) poly(A) polymerase buffer; and, (5) at least one microfilter; (6) label that can be attached to a nucleotide; (7) at least one miRNA probe; (8) reaction buffer; (9) a miRNA array or components for making such an array; (10) acetic acid; (11) alcohol; (12) solutions for preparing, isolating, enriching, and purifying miRNAs or miRNA probes or arrays. Other reagents include those generally used for manipulating RNA, such as formamide, loading dye, ribonuclease inhibitors, and DNase. 
     In specific embodiments, kits of the invention include an array containing miRNA probes, as described in the application. An array may have probes corresponding to all known miRNAs of an organism or a particular tissue or organ in particular conditions, or to a subset of such probes. The subset of probes on arrays of the invention may be or include those identified as relevant to a particular diagnostic, therapeutic, or prognostic application. For example, the array may contain one or more probes that is indicative or suggestive of (1) a disease or condition (acute myeloid leukemia), (2) susceptibility or resistance to a particular drug or treatment; (3) susceptibility to toxicity from a drug or substance; (4) the stage of development or severity of a disease or condition (prognosis); and (5) genetic predisposition to a disease or condition. 
     For any kit embodiment, including an array, there can be nucleic acid molecules that contain or can be used to amplify a sequence that is a variant of, identical to or complementary to all or part of any of SEQ IDs described herein. In certain embodiments, a kit or array of the invention can contain one or more probes for the miRNAs identified by the SEQ IDs described herein. Any nucleic acid discussed above may be implemented as part of a kit. 
     The components of the kits may be packaged either in aqueous media or in lyophilized form. The container means of the kits will generally include at least one vial, test tube, flask, bottle, syringe or other container means, into which a component may be placed, and preferably, suitably aliquoted. Where there is more than one component in the kit (labeling reagent and label may be packaged together), the kit also will generally contain a second, third or other additional container into which the additional components may be separately placed. However, various combinations of components may be comprised in a vial. The kits of the present invention also will typically include a means for containing the nucleic acids, and any other reagent containers in close confinement for commercial sale. Such containers may include injection or blow molded plastic containers into which the desired vials are retained. 
     When the components of the kit are provided in one and/or more liquid solutions, the liquid solution is an aqueous solution, with a sterile aqueous solution being particularly preferred. 
     However, the components of the kit may be provided as dried powder(s). When reagents and/or components are provided as a dry powder, the powder can be reconstituted by the addition of a suitable solvent. It is envisioned that the solvent may also be provided in another container means. In some embodiments, labeling dyes are provided as a dried power. It is contemplated that 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000 μg or at least or at most those amounts of dried dye are provided in kits of the invention. The dye may then be resuspended in any suitable solvent, such as DMSO. 
     Such kits may also include components that facilitate isolation of the labeled miRNA. It may also include components that preserve or maintain the miRNA or that protect against its degradation. Such components may be RNAse-free or protect against RNAses. Such kits generally will comprise, in suitable means, distinct containers for each individual reagent or solution. 
     A kit will also include instructions for employing the kit components as well the use of any other reagent not included in the kit. Instructions may include variations that can be implemented. 
     Kits of the invention may also include one or more of the following: Control RNA; nuclease-free water; RNase-free containers, such as 1.5 ml tubes; RNase-free elution tubes; PEG or dextran; ethanol; acetic acid; sodium acetate; ammonium acetate; guanidinium; detergent; nucleic acid size marker; RNase-free tube tips; and RNase or DNase inhibitors. 
     It is contemplated that such reagents are embodiments of kits of the invention. Such kits, however, are not limited to the particular items identified above and may include any reagent used for the manipulation or characterization of miRNA. 
     VII. EXAMPLES 
     The following examples are included to demonstrate preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the techniques disclosed in the examples which follow represent techniques discovered by the inventor to function well in the practice of the invention, and thus can be considered to constitute preferred modes for its practice. However, those of skill in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar result without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. 
     Example 1 
     Gene Expression Analysis Following Transfection with hsa-miR-34a 
     miRNAs are believed to regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNA transcripts and (1) initiating transcript degradation or (2) altering protein translation from the transcript. Translational regulation leading to an up or down change in protein expression may lead to changes in activity and expression of downstream gene products and genes that are in turn regulated by those proteins. These numerous regulatory effects may be revealed as changes in the global mRNA expression profile. Microarray gene expression analyses were performed to identify genes that are mis-regulated by hsa-miR-34a expression. 
     Synthetic pre-miR-34a (Ambion) or two negative control miRNAs (pre-miR-NC1, Ambion cat. no. AM17110 and pre-miR-NC2, Ambion, cat. no. AM17111) were reverse transfected into quadruplicate samples of A549 cells for each of three time points. Cells were transfected using siPORT NeoFX (Ambion) according to the manufacturer&#39;s recommendations using the following parameters: 200,000 cells per well in a 6 well plate, 5.0 μl of NeoFX, 30 nM final concentration of miRNA in 2.5 ml. Cells were harvested at 4 h, 24 h, and 72 h post transfection. Total RNA was extracted using RNAqueous-4PCR (Ambion) according to the manufacturer&#39;s recommended protocol. 
     mRNA array analyses were performed by Asuragen Services (Austin, Tex.), according to the company&#39;s standard operating procedures. Using the MessageAmp™ II-96 aRNA Amplification Kit (Ambion, cat #1819) 2 μg of total RNA were used for target preparation and labeling with biotin. cRNA yields were quantified using an Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100 capillary electrophoresis protocol. Labeled target was hybridized to Affymetrix mRNA arrays (Human HG-U133A 2.0 arrays) using the manufacturer&#39;s recommendations and the following parameters. Hybridizations were carried out at 45° C. for 16 hr in an Affymetrix Model 640 hybridization oven. Arrays were washed and stained on an Affymetrix FS450 Fluidics station, running the wash script Midi_euk2v3 — 450. The arrays were scanned on a Affymetrix GeneChip Scanner 3000. Summaries of the image signal data, group mean values, p-values with significance flags, log ratios and gene annotations for every gene on the array were generated using the Affymetrix Statistical Alogrithm MAS 5.0 (GCOS v1.3). Data were reported in a file (cabinet) containing the Affymetrix data and result files and in files (.cel) containing the primary image and processed cell intensities of the arrays. Data were normalized for the effect observed by the average of two negative control microRNA sequences and then were averaged together for presentation. A list of genes whose expression levels varied by at least 0.7 log 2  from the average negative control was assembled. Results of the microarray gene expression analysis are shown in Table 1. 
     Manipulation of the expression levels of the genes listed in Table 1 represents a potentially useful therapy for cancer and other diseases in which increased or reduced expression of hsa-miR-34a has a role in the disease. 
     Example 2 
     Cellular Pathways Affected by hsa-miR-34a 
     The mis-regulation of gene expression by hsa-miR-34a (Table 1) affects many cellular pathways that represent potential therapeutic targets for the control of cancer and other diseases and disorders. The inventors determined the identity and nature of the cellular genetic pathways affected by the regulatory cascade induced by hsa-miR-34a expression. Cellular pathway analyses were performed using Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (Version 4.0, Ingenuity® Systems, Redwood City, Calif.). Alteration of a given pathway was determined by Fisher&#39;s Exact test (Fisher, 1922). The most significantly affected pathways following over-expression of hsa-miR-34a in A549 cells are shown in Table 2. 
     These data demonstrate that hsa-miR-34a directly or indirectly affects the expression of numerous cancer-, cellular proliferation-, cellular development-, cell signaling-, and cell cycle-related genes and thus primarily affects functional pathways related to cancer, cellular growth, development, and proliferation. Those cellular processes all have integral roles in the development and progression of various cancers. Manipulation of the expression levels of genes in the cellular pathways shown in Table 2 represents a potentially useful therapy for cancer and other diseases in which increased or reduced expression of hsa-miR-34a has a role in the disease. 
     Example 3 
     Predicted Gene Targets of hsa-miR-34a 
     Gene targets for binding of and regulation by hsa-miR-34a were predicted using the proprietary algorithm miRNATarget™ (Asuragen), which is an implementation of the method proposed by Krek et al. (2005). Predicted target genes are shown in Table 3. 
     The predicted gene targets that exhibited altered mRNA expression levels in human cancer cells, following transfection with pre-miR hsa-miR-34a, are shown in Table 4. 
     The predicted gene targets of hsa-miR-34a whose mRNA expression levels are affected by hsa-miR-34a represent particularly useful candidates for cancer therapy and therapy of other diseases through manipulation of their expression levels. 
     Example 4 
     Cancer Related Gene Expression Altered by hsa-miR-34a 
     Cell proliferation and survival pathways are commonly altered in tumors (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2000). The inventors have shown that hsa-miR-34a directly or indirectly regulates the transcripts of proteins that are critical in the regulation of these pathways. A detailed list of hsa-miR-34a targets that are associated with various cancer types are shown in Table 5. Hsa-miR-34a targets of particular interest are genes and their products that function in the regulation of intracellular signal transduction, cell cycle, chromosomal maintenance, cell adhesion and migration, mRNA translation, DNA replication, transcription, apoptosis and the thioredoxin redox system. Many of these targets have inherent oncogenic or tumor suppressor activity and, when deregulated, contribute to the malignant phenotype in vitro and in vivo. Hsa-miR-34a affects intracellular signaling at various layers and controls the expression of secretory growth factors, transmembrane growth factor receptors as well as cytoplasmic signaling molecules. Examples of secreted proteins regulated by hsa-miR-34a are amphiregulin (AREG), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), tumor growth factor β-2 (TGFB2) and the inflammatory chemokine interleukin 8 (IL8). IL-8 is frequently upregulated in various cancers and correlates with tumor vascularization, metastasis and poor prognosis (Rosenkilde and Schwartz, 2004; Sparmann and Bar-Sagi, 2004). Amphiregulin functions as a ligand to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and activates EGFR dependent signaling (Hynes and Lane, 2005). Amphiregulin is frequently expressed in ovarian, gastric and pancreatic carcinoma as well as hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines (Kitadai et al., 1993; Ebert et al., 1994; D&#39;Antonio et al., 2002; Castillo et al., 2006). Amphiregulin acts as a mitogenic and anti-apoptotic growth factor in hepatocarcinoma cells and contributes to the transformed phenotype of liver cancer cells. Inhibition of amphiregulin function by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or neutralizing antibodies diminishes the amphiregulin-mediated autocrine loop and oncogenic properties of hepatocarcinoma cells (Castillo et al., 2006). Amphiregulin expression also progressively increases from benign to malignant stages of prostate cancer and is indicative for poor response to treatment with the FDA-approved drug Iressa (gefitinib) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (Bostwick et al., 2004; Ishikawa et al., 2005). 
     CTGF (also referred to as insulin-like growth factor binding protein 8; IGFBP8) was originally described as a mitogen produced by umbilical vein endothelial cells (Bradham et al., 1991). CTGF functions as a modulator of growth factor activity and is overexpressed in various tumors (Hishikawa et al., 1999; Shimo et al., 2001; Lin et al., 2005; Yang et al., 2005). CTGF is induced by hypoxia and enhances angiogenesis as well as the growth of tumor xenografts (Shimo et al., 2001; Yang et al., 2005). However, a coherent role for CTGF in cancer remains elusive and may depend on the cellular context (Hishikawa et al., 1999; Lin et al., 2005). TGF-β2 is the corresponding ligand to TGF-β receptors (TGFBR), a class of receptors that may function as tumor suppressors. Among these is TGFBR-2 which is also regulated by hsa-miR-34a. TGFBR-2 forms a functional complex with TGFBR-1 and is the primary receptor for TGF-β (Massague et al., 2000). Central role of TGF-β is inhibition of cellular growth of numerous cell types, such as epithelial, endothelial, hematopoietic neural and mesenchymal cells. Many mammary and colorectal carcinomas with microsatellite instability harbor inactivating mutations of TGFBR-2 and therefore escape the growth-inhibitory function of TGF-β (Markowitz et al., 1995; Lucke et al., 2001). 
     Other transmembrane growth factor receptors regulated by hsa-miR-34a include Met and the Ras association domain family protein 2 (RASSF2). RASSF2 is a tumor suppressor candidate that is frequently downregulated in lung tumor cell lines (Vos et al., 2003). RASSF2 interacts with K-Ras and promotes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Met acts as the receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and was originally isolated as an oncogene from a chemically transformed human cell line (Cooper et al., 1984; Dean et al., 1985). Met activating mutations are found in sporadic papillary renal cancer, childhood hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric cancer (Danilkovitch-Miagkova and Zbar, 2002). These somatic mutations are associated with increased aggressiveness and extensive metastases in various carcinomas. In several other cancer types, autocrine and paracrine mechanisms lead to an activation of Met signaling. The most frequent mechanism of Met activation, however, is overexpression which occurs in colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, gastrinomas as well as carcinomas of the stomach, pancreas, prostate, ovary and breast (Boccaccio and Comoglio, 2006). Met overexpression correlates with a metastatic tumor phenotype and poor prognosis (Birchmeier et al., 2003). Cytoplasmic signaling molecules regulated by hsa-miR-34a include PIK3CD, neurofibromin 1 and 2 (NF1, NF2) and AKAP12. AKAP12, also referred to as gravin or SSeCKS (Src suppressed C kinase substrate), functions as a kinase scaffold protein that tethers the enzyme-substrate interaction (Nauert et al., 1997). Expression of AKAP12 interferes with oncogenic cell transformation induced by the Src or Jun oncoproteins in vitro and is lost or reduced in numerous cancers, such as leukemia and carcinomas of the rectum, lung and stomach (Lin and Gelman, 1997; Cohen et al., 2001; Xia et al., 2001; Wikman et al., 2002; Boultwood et al., 2004; Choi et al., 2004; Mori et al., 2006). An apparent anti-oncogenic activity of AKAP12 in prostate and gastric cancers marks this protein as a putative tumor suppressor (Xia et al., 2001; Choi et al., 2004). PIK3CD encodes p110δ, the delta catalytic subunit of class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). Similar to the well characterized p110α isoform, p110δ activates the Akt signaling pathway in response to most upstream receptor tyrosine kinases (Vanhaesebroeck et al., 1997). PIK3CD is consistently expressed at high levels in blasts cells from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML); inhibition of PIK3CD activity specifically blocks AML cell proliferation (Sujobert et al., 2005; Billottet et al., 2006). NF1 and NF2 are bona fide tumor suppressors which—when either of them is lost or mutated—are the cause of neurofibromatosis, one of the most commonly inherited tumor-predisposition syndromes (Rubin and Gutmann, 2005). Loss of NF1 or NF2 function occurs also in other malignancies, such as astrocytomas, gliomas and leukemia for NF1 and hepatocellular and thyroid carcinomas for NF2 (McClatchey and Giovannini, 2005; Rubin and Gutmann, 2005). The tumor suppressor function of NF1 can be explained by the fact that NF1 acts as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) towards the inherently oncogenic RAS protein, inactivating RAS by catalyzing the RAS-associated GTP into GDP. In contrast, the tumor suppressor role for NF2 is less well defined. NF2, also known as merlin or schwannomin, associates with the cellular membrane as well as the cytoskeleton and regulates membrane organization. Overexpression or constitutive activation of NF2 can block cell proliferation and oncogenic transformation (Tikoo et al., 1994; Lutchman and Rouleau, 1995; Jin et al., 2006). 
     Another class of genes and their corresponding proteins that are regulated by hsa-miR-34a, functions in the progression of the cell cycle. Some of these proteins play pivotal roles in the transition through G1 and S phases, such as retinoblastoma-like 1 (RBL1), cyclins D1, D3, A2 (CCND1, CCND3, CCNA2), cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK inhibitor 2c (CDKN2C). Others are required for proper segregation of sister chromatids during mitosis to maintain chromosomal stability. These include aurora kinase B (AURKB, STK12), breast cancer 1 and 2 (BRCA1; BRCA2), budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 (BUB1), polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and cell division cycle 23 (CDC23, anaphase promoting complex subunit 8). BRCA1, BRCA2 and aurora kinase B show deregulated expression in a various solid tumors, e.g., carcinomas of the breast, ovary, thyroid gland, lung, prostate and colorectum (Wooster and Weber, 2003; Keen and Taylor, 2004; Turner et al., 2004; Smith et al., 2005; Chieffi et al., 2006; Ulisse et al., 2006). PLK1 (also referred to as serine-threonine protein kinase 13; STPK13) is a protein kinase that regulates mitotic spindle function to maintain chromosomal stability (Strebhardt and Ullrich, 2006). PLK1 expression is tightly regulated during the cell cycle and peaks in M phase. PLK1 is inherently oncogenic and directly inhibits the tumor suppressor function of p53 (Ando et al., 2004). Overexpression of PLK1 induces a polynucleated phenotype and cellular transformation of NIH3T3 cells (Mundt et al., 1997; Smith et al., 1997). Likewise, PLK1 shows increased expression levels in most solid tumors, including carcinomas of the breast, colon, lung, stomach and prostate (Table 5). PLK1 overexpression is associated with disease progression and—when depleted—induces apoptosis in cancer cells (Liu and Erikson, 2003; Strebhardt and Ullrich, 2006). Currently, PLK1 is being tested as a target of various small molecule inhibitors for future therapeutic intervention (Strebhardt and Ullrich, 2006). 
     RBL1, also known as p107, is a member of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein family that includes the pocket proteins p107, p130 and pRb. Similar to the pRb prototype, RBL1 interacts with the E2F family of transcription factors and blocks cell cycle progression and DNA replication (Sherr and McCormick, 2002). Accordingly, a subset of cancers show deregulated expression of RBL1 (Takimoto et al., 1998; Claudio et al., 2002; Wu et al., 2002; Ito et al., 2003). Cyclins are co-factors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2001). The expression of cyclins is tightly controlled during the cell cycle to govern the activity of individual CDKs. Cyclin A2 associates with CDK2 during S phase; cyclin D1 is the predominant co-factor of CDK4/6 in G1 phase. Since many cyclins are promoters of cell growth, cyclins—such as cyclin D1—are frequently expressed at high levels in various tumor types (Donnellan and Chetty, 1998). CDK4 forms active complexes with D-type cyclins, including D1, D2 and D3. Primary function of CDK4 is to inactivate members of the retinoblastoma protein family. CDK4 is overexpressed in numerous cancers and is currently being explored as a potential cancer drug target (Malumbres and Barbacid, 2001). 
     Transcription factors regulated by hsa-miR-34a include the winged/helix forkhead protein FoxM1, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), Jun and the zinc finger protein LIM domain only 4 (LMO4). LMO-4 is inherently oncogenic and inactivates the BRCA-1 tumor suppressor protein (Sum et al., 2002; Sum et al., 2005). LMO-4 is frequently overexpressed in multiple cancer types and predicts poor outcome in breast cancer (Visvader et al., 2001; Mizunuma et al., 2003; Sum et al., 2005; Taniwaki et al., 2006). Accordingly, RNAi directed against LMO-4 leads to reduced breast cancer cell growth and migration (Sum et al., 2005). Similar to LMO4, FoxM1 also controls the expression of cell cycle genes, such as cyclins B and D (Wang et al., 2001). FoxM1 is expressed at high levels in human glioblastomas and shows tumorigenic activity in various model systems (Kalin et al., 2006; Kim et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2006). Mice deficient in FoxM1 fail to develop chemically induced hepatocellular carcinomas (Kalinichenko et al., 2004). Jun belongs to the basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) class of transcription factors and is the cellular homolog of the avian oncoprotein v-Jun that induces tumor formation in birds (Maki et al., 1987). HDAC1 acts as a general inhibitor of transcription and cooperates with the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (Rb) to decrease cell growth and proliferation (Wade, 2001). 
     Hsa-miR-34a also governs the expression of Fas and MCL1, both of which are functionally linked to the apoptotic pathway. MCL1 is a member of the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 (B cell lymphoma 2) gene family that give rise to two alternatively spliced gene products with opposing functions (Bae et al., 2000). High levels of MCL1 are correlated with poor prognosis of patients with ovarian carcinoma and is indicative for leukemic relapse (Kaufmann et al., 1998; Shigemasa et al., 2002). RNA interference against MCL1 induces a therapeutic response in gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (Schulze-Bergkamen et al., 2006; Zangemeister-Wittke and Huwiler, 2006). Fas, also known as CD95 or APO-1, is a transmembrane cell surface receptor that functions in the transduction of apoptotic signals in response to its ligand FasL (Houston and O&#39;Connell, 2004). Reduced Fas expression is a common mechanism of cells to decrease the sensitivity to FasL-mediated cell death. Similarly, many different cancer types show lost or decreased Fas expression levels (Table 5). In colorectal carcinoma, Fas expression is progressively reduced in the transformation of normal epithelium to benign neoplasm, adenocarcinomas and metastases (Moller et al., 1994). Thus, despite expression of FasL, tumor cells may escape the FasL induced apoptotic signal. Transient transfection of hsa-miR-34a results in an increase of Fas transcripts and therefore may restore sensitivity to FasL in cancer cells. 
     Further growth-related genes regulated by hsa-miR-34a include thioredoxin (TXN), a 12-kDa thiol reductase targeting various proteins and multiple pathways. Thioredoxin modulates the activity of transcription factors, induces the expression of angiogenic Hif-1α (hypoxia induced factor 1α) as well as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and can act as a proliferative and anti-apoptotic agent (Marks, 2006). In accord, carcinomas of the lung, pancreas, cervix and liver show increased levels of thioredoxin. Thioredoxin expression is also correlated with aggressive tumor growth, poor prognosis and chemoresistance (Marks, 2006). 
     In summary, hsa-miR-34a governs the activity of proteins that are critical regulators of cell proliferation and survival. These targets are frequently deregulated in human cancer. Based on this review of the genes and related pathways that are regulated by miR-34a, introduction of hsa-miR-34a or an anti-hsa-miR-34a into a variety of cancer cell types would likely result in a therapeutic response. 
     Example 5 
     Synthetic hsa-miR-34a Inhibits Proliferation of Human Lung Cancer Cells 
     The inventors have previously demonstrated that hsa-miR-34 is involved in the regulation of numerous cell activities that represent intervention points for cancer therapy and for therapy of other diseases and disorders (U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/141,707 filed May 31, 2005 and Ser. No. 11/273,640 filed Nov. 14, 2005, each of which is incorporated by reference). For example, overexpression of hsa-miR-34 decreases the proliferation and/or viability of certain normal or cancerous cell lines. 
     The development of effective therapeutic regimens requires evidence that demonstrates efficacy and utility of the therapeutic in various cancer models and multiple cancer cell lines that represent the same disease. The inventors assessed the therapeutic effect of hsa-miR-34a for lung cancer by using eight individual lung cancer cell lines. To measure cellular proliferation of lung cancer cells, the following non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were used: cells derived from lung adenocarcinoma (A549, H522, Calu-3, HCC2935), cells derived from lung squamous cell carcinoma (H226), cell derived from lung adenosquamous cell carcinoma (H596), cells derived from lung bronchioalveolar carcinoma (H1650), and cells derived from lung large cell carcinoma (H460). Synthetic hsa-miR-34a (Pre-miR™-hsa-miR-34a, Ambion cat. no. AM17100) or negative control (NC) miRNA (Pre-miR™ microRNA Precursor Molecule-Negative Control #2; Ambion cat. no. AM17111) was delivered via lipid-based transfection into A549, H522, H596, Calu-3, HCC2935, H1650, H460 cells and via electroporation into H226 cells. 
     Lipid-based reverse transfections were carried out in triplicate according to a published protocol (Ovcharenko et al., 2005) and the following parameters: cells (5,000-12,000 per 96 well), 0.1-0.2 μl Lipofectamine™ 2000 (cat. no. 11668-019, Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, Calif., USA) in 20 μl OptiMEM (Invitrogen), 30 nM final concentration of miRNA in 100 μl. Electroporation of H226 cells was carried out using the BioRad Gene Pulser Xcell™ instrument (BioRad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, Calif., USA) with the following settings: 5×10 6  cells with 5 μg miRNA in 200 μl OptiMEM (1.6 μM miRNA), square wave pulse at 250 V for 5 ms. Electroporated H226 cells were seeded at 7,000 cells per 96-well in a total volume of 100 μl. All cells except for Calu-3 cells were harvested 72 hours post transfection or electroporation for assessment of cellular proliferation. Calu-3 cells were harvested 10 days post transfection. Proliferation assays were performed using Alamar Blue (Invitrogen) following the manufacturer&#39;s instructions. As a control for inhibition of cellular proliferation, siRNA against the motor protein kinesin 11, also known as Eg5, was used. Eg5 is essential for cellular survival of most eukaryotic cells and a lack thereof leads to reduced cell proliferation and cell death (Weil et al., 2002). siEg5 was used in lipid-based transfection following the same experimental parameters that apply to miRNA. The inventors also used a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor, etoposide, at a final concentration of 10 μM and 50 μM as an internal standard for the potency of miRNAs. Etoposide is an FDA-approved DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor in the treatment of lung cancer. IC50 values for various lung cancer cells have been reported to range between &lt;1-25 μM for SCLC and NSCLC cells (Tsai et al., 1993; Ohsaki et al., 1992). Percent (%) proliferation values from the Alamar Blue assay were normalized to values from cells treated with negative control miRNA. Percent proliferation of hsa-miR-34a treated cells relative to cells treated with negative control miRNA (100%) is shown in Table 7 and in  FIG. 1 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Percent (%) proliferation of lung cancer cell lines treated with hsa-miR-34a, Eg5- 
               
               
                 specific siRNA (siEg5), etoposide, or negative control miRNA (NC). Values are normalized to 
               
               
                 values obtained from cells transfected with negative control miRNA (100% proliferation). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 hsa-miR-34a 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 (30 nM) 
                 siEg5 (30 nM) 
                 etoposide (10 μM) 
                 etoposide (50 μM) 
                 NC (30 nM) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
               
               
                 Cells 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 A549 
                 75.95 
                 17.72 
                 37.84 
                 1.06 
                 49.13 
                 2.55 
                 42.18 
                 3.57 
                 100.00 
                 19.53 
               
               
                 H460 
                 77.46 
                 6.20 
                 27.97 
                 0.33 
                 32.13 
                 1.14 
                 27.82 
                 0.58 
                 100.00 
                 2.52 
               
               
                 H522 
                 94.41 
                 1.79 
                 53.45 
                 2.35 
                 82.13 
                 3.14 
                 61.08 
                 2.65 
                 100.00 
                 7.48 
               
               
                 H596 
                 73.19 
                 1.62 
                 83.48 
                 2.82 
                 88.75 
                 1.11 
                 73.39 
                 2.67 
                 100.00 
                 1.89 
               
               
                 H1650 
                 78.37 
                 10.42 
                 87.96 
                 1.73 
                 90.98 
                 8.44 
                 60.31 
                 4.59 
                 100.00 
                 7.21 
               
               
                 Calu-3 
                 28.51 
                 5.65 
                 34.59 
                 1.33 
                 20.81 
                 0.19 
                 13.53 
                 0.64 
                 100.00 
                 5.54 
               
               
                 H226 
                 89.50 
                 1.67 
                 n.d. 
                 n.d. 
                 28.17 
                 2.32 
                 9.33 
                 2.70 
                 100.00 
                 2.43 
               
               
                 HCC2935 
                 80.19 
                 8.97 
                 63.61 
                 6.12 
                 n.d. 
                 n.d. 
                 n.d. 
                 n.d. 
                 100.00 
                 13.92 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 NC, negative control miRNA; 
               
               
                 siEg5, Eg5-specific siRNA; 
               
               
                 SD, standard deviation; 
               
               
                 n.d., not determined. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Delivery of hsa-miR-34a inhibits cellular proliferation of lung cancer cells A549, H522, H596, Calu-3, HCC2935, H1650, H460, and H226 (Table 7 and  FIG. 1 ). On average, hsa-miR-34a inhibits cellular proliferation by 25.30% (Table 7 and  FIG. 1 ). hsa-miR-34a has maximal inhibitory activity in Calu-3 cells, reducing proliferation by 71.49%. The growth-inhibitory activity of hsa-miR-34a is comparable to that of etoposide at concentrations ≧10 μM. Since hsa-miR-34a induces a therapeutic response in all lung cancer cells tested, hsa-miR-34a may provide therapeutic benefit to a broad range of patients with lung cancer and other malignancies. 
     To evaluate the therapeutic activity of hsa-miR-34a over an extended period of time, the inventors conducted growth curve experiments in the presence of miRNA for up to 31 days in H226 lung cancer cells. Since in vitro transfections of naked interfering RNAs, such as synthetic miRNA, are transient by nature and compromised by the dilution of the oligo during ongoing cell divisions, miRNA was administered at multiple time points (Bartlett et al., 2006; Bartlett et al., 2007). To accommodate miRNA delivery into a large quantity of cells, hsa-miR-34a or negative control miRNA were delivered by the electroporation method. Briefly, 1×10 6 H226 were electroporated in triplicate with 1.6 μM hsa-miR-34a or negative control using the BioRad Gene Pulser Xcell™ instrument (BioRad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, Calif., USA), seeded and propagated in regular growth medium. When the control cells reached confluence (days 6, 17 and 25), cells were harvested, counted and electroporated again with the respective miRNAs. To ensure similar treatment of both conditions as well as to accommodate exponential growth, the cell numbers used for the second and third electroporation were titrated down to the lowest count. The population doubling was calculated from these electroporation events using the formula PD=ln(Nf/N0)/ln 2 and adjusting for the fact that approximately 72% of newly seeded cells adhere to the plate. Cell counts were extrapolated and plotted on a linear scale ( FIG. 2 ). Arrows represent electroporation days. Standard deviations are included in the graphs. 
     Repeated administration of hsa-miR-34a robustly inhibited proliferation of human lung cancer cells ( FIG. 2 ). In contrast, cells treated with negative control miRNA showed normal exponential growth. hsa-miR-34a treatment resulted in 94.9% inhibition of H226 cell growth on day 31 (5.1% remaining cells) relative to the proliferation of control cells (100%). 
     The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a provides a useful therapeutic tool in the treatment of human lung cancer cells. 
     Example 6 
     hsa-miR-34a, in Combination with Specific Human Micro-RNAs, Synergistically Inhibits Proliferation of Human Lung Cancer Cell Lines 
     miRNAs function in multiple pathways controlling multiple cellular processes. Cancer cells frequently show aberrations in several different pathways, which determine their oncogenic properties. Therefore, administration of multiple miRNAs to cancer patients may result in a superior therapeutic benefit over administration of a single miRNA. The inventors assessed the efficacy of pair-wise miRNA combinations, administering hsa-miR-34a concurrently with either hsa-miR-124a, hsa-miR-126, hsa-miR-147, hsa-let-7b, hsa-let-7c or hsa-let-7g (Pre-miR™ miRNA, Ambion cat. no. AM17100). H460 lung cancer cells were transiently reverse-transfected in triplicate with each miRNA at a final concentration of 300 pM, resulting in 600 pM of total oligonucleotide. For negative controls, 600 pM of Pre-miR™ microRNA Precursor Molecule-Negative Control #2 (Ambion cat. no. AM17111) were used. To correlate the effect of various combinations with the effect of the sole miRNA, each miRNA at 300 pM was also combined with 300 pM negative control miRNA. Reverse transfection was carried out using the following parameters: 7,000 cells per 96 well, 0.15 μl Lipofectamine™ 2000 (Invitrogen) in 20 μl OptiMEM (Invitrogen), 100 μl total transfection volume. As an internal control for the potency of miRNA, etoposide was added at 10 pM and 50 pM to mock-transfected cells, 24 hours after transfection for the following 48 hours. Cells were harvested 72 hours after transfection and subjected to Alamar Blue assays (Invitrogen). Percent proliferation values from the Alamar Blue assays were normalized to those obtained from cells treated with 600 pM negative control miRNA. Data are expressed as % proliferation relative to negative control miRNA-treated cells (Table 8,  FIG. 3 ). 
     Transfection of 300 pM hsa-miR-34a in combination with 300 pM negative control miRNA reduces proliferation of H460 cells by 0.42% (99.58% proliferation relative to cells treated with 600 pM negative control miRNA; Table 8 and  FIG. 3 ). Additive activity of pair-wise combinations (e.g., hsa-miR-34a plus hsa-miR-147) is defined as an activity that is greater than the sole activity of each miRNA (e.g., the activity of hsa-miR-34a plus hsa-miR-147 is greater than that observed for hsa-miR-34a plus NC and the activity of hsa-miR-34a plus hsa-miR-147 is greater than that observed for hsa-miR-147 plus NC). Synergistic activity of pair-wise combinations is defined as an activity that is greater than the sum of the sole activity of each miRNA (e.g., the activity of hsa-miR-34a plus hsa-let-7g is greater than that observed for the sum of the activity of hsa-miR-34a plus NC and the activity of hsa-let-7g plus NC). The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a combined with hsa-miR-124a, hsa-miR-126, hsa-miR-147, hsa-let-7b, hsa-let-7c, or hsa-let-7g results in additive or synergistic activity (Table 8 and  FIG. 3 ). Therefore, administering combinations of hsa-miR-34a with other miRNAs to cancer patients may induce a superior therapeutic response in the treatment of lung cancer. The combinatorial use of miRNAs represents a potentially useful therapy for cancer and other diseases. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 8 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Cellular proliferation of H460 lung cancer cells in the presence 
               
               
                 of pair-wise miR-34a miRNA combinations. Values are normalized to 
               
               
                 values obtained from cells transfected with 600 pM negative 
               
               
                 control (NC) miRNA. 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 miRNA [300 pM] + 
                 % Prolif- 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 miRNA [300 pM] 
                 eration 
                 % SD 
                 Effect 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 NC + NC 
                 100.00 
                 1.45 
                   
               
               
                   
                 NC + miR-34a 
                 99.58 
                 1.66 
               
               
                   
                 NC + miR-124a 
                 69.43 
                 1.38 
               
               
                   
                 NC + miR-126 
                 89.46 
                 2.27 
               
               
                   
                 NC + miR-147 
                 76.97 
                 1.46 
               
               
                   
                 NC + let-7b 
                 74.92 
                 3.38 
               
               
                   
                 NC + let-7c 
                 86.74 
                 2.28 
               
               
                   
                 NC + let-7g 
                 91.41 
                 3.26 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + miR-124a 
                 49.12 
                 3.13 
                 S 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + miR-126 
                 73.06 
                 5.16 
                 S 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + miR-147 
                 80.94 
                 4.18 
                 A 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + let-7b 
                 64.85 
                 3.50 
                 S 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + let-7c 
                 76.41 
                 3.81 
                 S 
               
               
                   
                 miR-34a + let-7g 
                 73.83 
                 2.85 
                 S 
               
               
                   
                 Etoposide (10 μM) 
                 20.19 
                 1.89 
               
               
                   
                 Etoposide (50 μM) 
                 14.94 
                 0.31 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 SD, standard deviation; 
               
               
                   
                 S, synergistic effect; 
               
               
                   
                 A, additive effect 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Example 7 
     Synthetic hsa-miR-34a Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human Lung Cancer Xenografts in Mice 
     The inventors assessed the growth-inhibitory activity of hsa-miR-34a in human lung cancer xenografts grown in immunodeficient mice. Each 3×10 6  human H460 non-small cell lung cancer cells were mixed with BD Matrigel™, (BD Biosciences; San Jose, Calif., USA; cat. no. 356237) in a 1:1 ratio and subcutaneously injected into the lower back of 23 NOD/SCID mice (Charles River Laboratories, Inc.; Wilmington, Mass., USA). Once animals developed palpable tumors (day 11 post xenograft implantation), a group of six animals received intratumoral injections of each 6.25 μg hsa-miR-34a (Dharmacon, Lafayette, Colo.) formulated with the lipid-based siPORT™ amine delivery agent (Ambion, Austin, Tex.; cat. no. AM4502) on days 11, 14, and 17. A control group of six animals received intratumoral injections of each 6.25 μg negative control miRNA (NC; Dharmacon, Lafayette, Colo.), following the same injection schedule that was used for hsa-miR-34a. Given an average mouse weight of 20 g, this dose equals 0.3125 mg/kg. In addition, a group of six H460 tumor-bearing mice received intratumoral injections of the siPORT™ amine delivery formulation lacking any oligonucleotide, and a group of five animals received intratumoral injections of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Caliper measurements were taken every 1-2 days, and tumor volumes were calculated using the formula, Volume=length×width×width/2, in which the length is greater than the width. Average tumor volumes, standard deviations and p-values were calculated and plotted over time ( FIG. 4 ). 
     As shown in  FIG. 4 , three doses of hsa-miR-34a robustly inhibited growth of established H460 lung tumors (white squares). On day 19, the average volume of tumors treated with hsa-miR-34a was 196 mm 3 . In contrast, tumors treated with negative control miRNA (black diamonds) grew at a steady pace and yielded tumors with an average size of 421 mm 3  on day 19. Negative control tumors developed as quickly as tumors treated with either PBS or the siPORT amine only control, indicating that the therapeutic activity of hsa-miR-34a is specific. 
     The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a represents a particularly useful candidate in the treatment of patients with lung cancer. The therapeutic activity of hsa-miR-34a is highlighted by the fact that hsa-miR-34a inhibits tumor growth of tumors that had developed prior to treatment. 
     In addition, the data demonstrate the therapeutic utility of hsa-miR-34a in a lipid-based formulation. 
     Example 8 
     Synthetic hsa-miR-34a Inhibits Proliferation of Human Prostate Cancer Cells 
     The inventors assessed the therapeutic effect of hsa-miR-34a for prostate cancer by using four individual human prostate cancer cell lines. To measure cellular proliferation of prostate cancer cells, the following prostate cancer cell lines were used: PPC-1, derived from a bone metastasis; Du145, derived from a brain metastasis; RWPE2, derived from prostate cells immortalized by human papillomavirus 18 and transformed by the K-RAS oncogene; and LNCaP, derived from a lymph node metastasis (Bello et al., 1997; Pretlow et al., 1993; Stone et al., 1978; Brothman et al., 1991; Horoszewicz et al., 1980). PPC-1 and Du145 cells lack expression of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and are independent of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. In contrast, RWPE2 and LNCaP cells test positive for PSA and AR. Cells were transfected with synthetic hsa-miR-34a (Pre-miR™-hsa-miR-34a, Ambion cat. no. AM17100) or negative control miRNA (NC; Pre-miR™ microRNA Precursor Molecule-Negative Control #2; Ambion cat. no. AM17111) in a 96-well format using a lipid-based transfection reagent. Lipid-based reverse transfections were carried out in triplicate according to a published protocol (Ovcharenko et al., 2005) and the following parameters: cells (6,000-7,000 per 96 well), 0.1-0.2 μl Lipofectamine™ 2000 (cat. no. 11668-019, Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, Calif., USA) in 20 μl OptiMEM (Invitrogen), 30 nM final concentration of miRNA in 100 μl. Proliferation was assessed 4-7 days post-transfection using Alamar Blue™ (Invitrogen) following the manufacturer&#39;s instructions. As a control for inhibition of cellular proliferation, siRNA against the motor protein kinesin 11, also known as Eg5, was used. Eg5 is essential for cellular survival of most eukaryotic cells and a lack thereof leads to reduced cell proliferation and cell death (Weil et al., 2002). siEg5 was used in lipid-based transfection following the same experimental parameters that apply to miRNA. Fluorescent light units (FLU) were measured after 3 hours, normalized to the control, and plotted as percent change in proliferation. Percent proliferation of hsa-miR-34a treated cells relative to cells treated with negative control miRNA (100%) is shown in Table 9 and in  FIG. 5 . 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 9 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Percent (%) proliferation of human prostate cancer cell lines 
               
               
                 treated with hsa-miR-34a, Eg5-specific siRNA (siEg5), or negative 
               
               
                 control miRNA (NC). Values are normalized to values 
               
               
                 obtained from cells transfected with negative control miRNA 
               
               
                 (100% proliferation). 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 hsa-miR-34a (30 nM) 
                 siEg5 (30 nM) 
                 NC (30 nM) 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
                 % 
                   
               
               
                 Cells 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
                 proliferation 
                 % SD 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 PPC-1 
                 24.65 
                 0.62 
                 52.90 
                 6.97 
                 100.00 
                 5.82 
               
               
                 LNCaP 
                 49.40 
                 7.10 
                 66.01 
                 6.26 
                 100.00 
                 10.73 
               
               
                 Du145 
                 81.26 
                 1.80 
                 44.47 
                 4.23 
                 100.00 
                 4.12 
               
               
                 RWPE2 
                 95.96 
                 7.05 
                 61.87 
                 6.56 
                 100.00 
                 12.28 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 NC, negative control miRNA; 
               
               
                 siEg5, Eg5-specific siRNA; 
               
               
                 SD, standard deviation. 
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Delivery of hsa-miR-34a inhibits cellular proliferation of human prostate cancer cells PPC-1, Du145, LNCaP and RWPE2 (Table 9 and  FIG. 5 ). On average, hsa-miR-34a inhibits cellular proliferation by 37.18%. The growth-inhibitory activity of hsa-miR-34a is comparable to that of Eg5-directed siRNA. Since hsa-miR-34a induces a therapeutic response in all prostate cancer cells tested, hsa-miR-34a may provide therapeutic benefit to a broad range of patients with prostate cancer and other malignancies. 
     To evaluate the therapeutic activity of hsa-miR-34a over an extended period of time, we conducted growth curve experiments in the presence of miRNA for up to 22 days. Since in vitro transfections of naked interfering RNAs, such as synthetic miRNA, are transient by nature and compromised by the dilution of the oligo during ongoing cell divisions, miRNA was administered at multiple time points (Bartlett et al. 2006; Bartlett et al. 2007). To accommodate miRNA delivery into a large quantity of cells, the inventors employed the electroporation method to deliver hsa-miR-34a or negative control miRNA into PPC-1, PC3, and Du145 human prostate cancer cells. Briefly, 1×10 6  PPC-1 or PC3 cells, or 0.5×10 6  Du145 cells were electroporated with 1.6 μM hsa-miR-34a or negative control using the BioRad Gene Pulser Xcell™ instrument (BioRad Laboratories Inc., Hercules, Calif., USA), seeded and propagated in regular growth medium. Experiments with PC3 and Du145 cells were carried out in triplicates. When the control cells reached confluence (days 4 and 11 for PPC-1; days 7 and 14 for PC3 and Du145), cells were harvested, counted and electroporated again with the respective miRNAs. To ensure similar treatment of both conditions as well as to accommodate exponential growth, the cell numbers used for the second and third electroporation were titrated down to the lowest count. The population doubling was calculated from these electroporation events using the formula PD=ln(Nf/N0)/ln 2 and adjusting for the fact that approximately 72% of newly seeded cells adhere to the plate. Cell counts were extrapolated and plotted on a linear scale ( FIG. 6 ). Arrows represent electroporation days. Standard deviations are included in the graphs. 
     Repeated administration of hsa-miR-34a robustly inhibited proliferation of human prostate cancer cells ( FIG. 6 , white squares). In contrast, cells treated with negative control miRNA showed normal exponential growth ( FIG. 6 , black diamonds). hsa-miR-34a treatment resulted in 97.2% inhibition of PC3 cell growth on day 21 (2.8% cells relative to cells electroporated with negative control miRNA), and 93.1% inhibition of Du145 cell growth on day 19 (6.9% cells relative to cells electroporated with negative control miRNA) relative to the proliferation of control cells (100%). All PPC-1 cells electroporated with hsa-miR34a were eliminated by day 22. 
     The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a provides a useful therapeutic tool in the treatment of human prostate cancer cells. 
     Example 9 
     Synthetic hsa-miR-34a Inhibits Tumor Growth of Human Prostate Cancer Xenografts in Mice 
     The in vitro studies demonstrate the therapeutic activity of hsa-miR-34a in cultured human prostate cancer cells. Therefore, hsa-miR-34a is likely to interfere with prostate tumor growth in the animal. To explore this possibility, the therapeutic potential of synthetic hsa-miR-34a miRNA was evaluated in the animal using the PPC-1 human prostate cancer xenograft. 5×10 6  PPC-1 cells per animal were electroporated with 1.6 μM synthetic hsa-miR-34a or negative control miRNA (Pre-miR™-hsa-miR-34a, Ambion cat. no. AM17100; NC, Pre-miR™ microRNA Precursor Molecule-Negative Control #2, Ambion cat. no. AM17111), mixed with BD Matrigel™, (BD Biosciences; San Jose, Calif., USA; cat. no. 356237) in a 1:1 ratio and implanted subcutaneously into the lower back of NOD/SCID mice (Charles River Laboratories, Inc.; Wilmington, Mass., USA). A group of 7 mice was injected with hsa-miR-34a treated PPC-1 cells, and a group of 7 animals was injected with PPC-1 cells treated with negative control miRNA. To maintain steady levels of miRNA, 6.25 μg of each hsa-miR-34a or negative control miRNA conjugated with the lipid-based siPORT™ amine delivery agent (Ambion, Austin, Tex.; cat. no. AM4502) were repeatedly administered on days 7, 13, 20, and 25 via intra-tumoral injections. Given an average mouse weight of 20 g, this dose equals 0.3125 mg/kg. Tumor growth was monitored by taking caliper measurements every 1-2 days for 32 days. Tumor volumes were calculated using the formula, Volume=length×width×width/2, in which the length is greater than the width, and plotted over time ( FIG. 7 ). Standard deviations are shown in the graph. All data points had p values&lt;0.01. p values were as low as 1.86×10 −9  for data obtained on day 22, indicating statistical significance. 
     Repeated dosing with hsa-miR-34a blocked tumor growth of the human PPC-1 prostate cancer xenograft ( FIG. 7 , white squares). The average volume of tumors that received hsa-miR-34a was 151 mm 3  on day 32. Volumes of newly implanted tumors ranged between 111 and 155 mm 3  (days 4-7) and thus, PPC-1 tumors failed to develop in response to hsa-miR-34a treatment. In contrast, tumors locally treated with negative control miRNA were unaffected and continued to grow at a steady pace ( FIG. 7 , black diamonds). The average volume of tumors treated with negative control miRNA was 437 mm 3  on day 32. Of note, each single administration with hsa-miR-34a resulted in an acute regression of tumor volumes. This effect was not induced with negative control miRNA, indicating that the anti-tumor activity of hsa-miR-34a is specific. 
     A histological analysis revealed that PPC-1 tumors treated with negative control miRNA were densely packed with healthy, viable prostate cancer cells ( FIG. 8 ). In contrast, hsa-miR-34a-treated tumors consisted mostly of matrigel with cellular debris and sparsely distributed cells, as well as occasional pockets with seemingly viable cells ( FIG. 8 , arrow). To gain further insight into the biological status of these cells, immunohistochemistry analyses specific for the proliferation marker Ki-67, as well as caspase 3, an indicator of apoptosis were performed. As illustrated in  FIG. 9 , areas with viable cells in hsa-miR-34a-treated tumors showed reduced levels of Ki-67 and increased levels of caspase 3. The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a inhibits tumor growth by an anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic mechanism. 
     The data indicate that hsa-miR-34a provides a powerful therapeutic tool in the treatment of patients with prostate cancer. 
     In addition, the data demonstrate the therapeutic utility of hsa-miR-34a in a lipid-based formulation. 
     REFERENCES 
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