Patent Publication Number: US-11646451-B2

Title: Semiconductor device, manufacturing method thereof, and power generating device

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is the United States national phase of International Application No. PCT/CN2019/126264 filed Dec. 18, 2019, and claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201910001406.4, filed Jan. 2, 2019, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to a semiconductor device, a manufacturing method thereof, and a power generating device. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In recent years, micro-systems such as portable electronic devices (for example, wearable devices) and implantable electronic medical devices have gradually become research hotspots. These systems generally comprise thin film transistors (which may be used as switches) and thin film batteries. 
     SUMMARY 
     According to an aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device comprises: a substrate; a thin film battery on the substrate, comprising: at least one anode structure on the substrate, each of which comprises an anode current collector on a surface of the substrate, and an anode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the anode current collector; at least one cathode structure on the substrate, each of which comprises a cathode current collector on the surface of the substrate, and a cathode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the cathode current collector; and a solid electrolyte layer spacing the at least one anode structure apart from the at least one cathode structure. 
     In some embodiments, the semiconductor device further comprises at least one thin film transistor on the substrate, each of which comprises: a first electrode on the substrate, a second electrode on the substrate, an active layer on the substrate, wherein the active layer is between the first electrode and the second electrode and connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; a dielectric layer on a side of the active layer facing away from the substrate; and a gate on a side of the dielectric layer facing away from the active layer. 
     In some embodiments, materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the anode current collector; or the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the cathode current collector. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the dielectric layer is the same as a material of the solid electrolyte layer. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the gate is the same as a material of the cathode current collector or a material of the anode current collector. 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a power generating device is provided. The power generating device comprises: the semiconductor device as described above; and a nano-generator electrically connected to the semiconductor device. 
     In some embodiments, the nano-generator comprises a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and a first material layer and a second material layer between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, wherein the first material layer is in contact with the first electrode layer, and the second material layer is in contact with the second electrode layer; and the at least one thin film transistor comprises: a first thin film transistor, of which a first electrode is electrically connected to the anode current collector of the thin film battery, a second electrode and a gate each is electrically connected to the first electrode layer of the nano-generator, and a second thin film transistor, of which a first electrode is electrically connected to the cathode current collector of the thin film battery, and a second electrode and a gate each is electrically connected to the second electrode layer of the nano-generator. 
     In some embodiments, wherein the first thin film transistor is an NMOS transistor, and the second thin film transistor is a PMOS transistor. 
     According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device is provided. The manufacturing method comprises: forming at least one anode structure and at least one cathode structure on a substrate, wherein each of the at least one anode structure comprises an anode current collector on a surface of the substrate and an anode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the anode current collector, and each of the at least one cathode structure comprises a cathode current collector on the surface of the substrate and a cathode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the cathode current collector; and forming a solid electrolyte layer on the substrate, the at least one anode structure and the at least one cathode structure, wherein the solid electrolyte layer spaces the at least one anode structure apart from the at least one cathode structure. 
     In some embodiments, the forming of the at least one anode structure and the at least one cathode structure on the substrate comprises: forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate; filling an anode material between the at least one anode current collector and the at least one cathode current collector; patterning the anode material to form the anode layer, wherein the anode layer is spaced apart from the at least one cathode current collector; filling a cathode material between the anode layer and the at least one cathode current collector; and patterning the cathode material to form the cathode layer, wherein the cathode layer is spaced apart from the anode layer. 
     In some embodiments, the forming of the at least one anode structure and the at least one cathode structure on the substrate comprises: forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate; filling a cathode material between the at least one anode current collector and the at least one cathode current collector; patterning the cathode material to form the cathode layer, wherein the cathode layer is spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector; filling an anode material between the cathode layer and the at least one anode current collector; and patterning the anode material to form the anode layer, wherein the anode layer is spaced apart from the cathode layer. 
     In some embodiments, the forming of the at least one anode structure and the at least one cathode structure on the substrate comprises: forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate; forming the anode layer and the cathode layer by a three-dimensional printing process respectively; and connecting the anode layer to a side surface of the at least one anode current collector, and connecting the cathode layer to a side surface of the at least one cathode current collector, wherein the cathode layer is spaced apart from the anode layer. 
     In some embodiments, the manufacturing method further comprises: forming a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode the substrate during the forming of the at least one anode current collector and the at least one cathode current collector; forming an active layer between the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate, wherein the active layer is connected to the first electrode and the second electrode; forming a dielectric layer on the active layer during the forming of the solid electrolyte layer; and forming a gate on the dielectric layer after forming the solid electrolyte layer. 
     In some embodiments, materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the anode current collector, or the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the cathode current collector. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the dielectric layer is the same as a material of the solid electrolyte layer. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the gate is the same as a material of the cathode current collector, or the material of the gate is the same as a material of the anode current collector. 
     Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with this specification, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. 
       The present disclosure may be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1    is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  2    is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  3 A  is a schematic view showing that a thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure generates an electric-double-layer capacitance under the action of a positive bias; 
         FIG.  3 B  is a schematic view showing that the thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure generates an electric-double-layer capacitance under the action of a negative bias; 
         FIG.  4    is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS.  5  to  12    are schematic cross-sectional views showing structures at several stages during a manufacturing process for a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  13    is a schematic view showing a structure of a power generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     It should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale. In addition, the same or similar reference signs are used to denote the same or similar components. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended as a limitation to the present disclosure, its application or use. The present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms, which are not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noticed that: relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments, unless specifically stated otherwise, should be explained as merely illustrative, and not as a limitation. 
     The use of the terms “first”, “second” and similar words in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish between different parts. A word such as “comprise”, “include”, or the like means that the element before the word covers the element(s) listed after the word without excluding the possibility of also covering other elements. The terms “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, or the like are used only to represent a relative positional relationship, and the relative positional relationship may be changed correspondingly if the absolute position of the described object changes. 
     In the present disclosure, when it is described that a particular device is located between the first device and the second device, there may be an intermediate device between the particular device and the first device or the second device, and alternatively, there may be no intermediate device. When it is described that a particular device is connected to other devices, the particular device may be directly connected to said other devices without an intermediate device, and alternatively, may not be directly connected to said other devices but with an intermediate device. 
     All the terms (comprising technical and scientific terms) used in the present disclosure have the same meanings as understood by those skilled in the art of the present disclosure unless otherwise defined. It should also be understood that terms as defined in general dictionaries, unless explicitly defined herein, should be interpreted as having meanings that are consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not to be interpreted in an idealized or extremely formalized sense. 
     Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, these techniques, methods, and apparatuses should be considered as part of this specification. 
     The inventors of the present disclosure have found that in the related art, a thin film battery having a longitudinal structure is vertically disposed on a substrate, which results in that a cathode current collector or an anode current collector of the thin film battery is located on a top. In this way, when the thin film battery is connected to other devices, there is height difference between the cathode current collector or the anode current collector and structural layers (for example, a source layer, a drain layer, or a gate layer) of the other devices, which results in that a metal connecting line between the cathode current collector or the anode current collector and the structural layers of the other devices is likely to break. 
     In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a semiconductor device to reduce the possibility that the above-described metal connecting line breaks. Hereinafter, a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
       FIG.  1    is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  1   , the semiconductor device comprises a substrate  10  and a thin film battery on the substrate  10 . 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   , the thin film battery comprises: at least one anode structure  11  on the substrate  10  and at least one cathode structure  12  on the substrate  10 , and a solid electrolyte layer  13  spacing the at least one anode structure  11  apart from the at least one cathode structure  12 . The solid electrolyte layer  13  is on a surface of the substrate  10 . The solid electrolyte layer  13  covers the anode structure  11  and the cathode structure  12 . 
     In some embodiments, a material of the solid electrolyte layer may comprise at least one of an organic polyelectrolyte material or an inorganic electrolyte material. For example, the organic polyelectrolyte material may comprise polyvinyl alcohol+potassium fluoride (PVA+KF), polyethylene oxide+lithium hexafluorophosphate (PEO+LiPF 6 ), or the like. For example, the inorganic electrolyte material may comprise porous SiO 2 , porous Al 2 O 3 , composite materials comprising CaCl 2 ) and porous SiO 2 , composite materials comprising LiCl and porous SiO 2 , SiO 2  nanoparticles, Al 2 O 3  nanoparticles, zeolite, phosphosilicate glass, or the like. 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   , each anode structure  11  comprises: an anode current collector  111  on the surface of the substrate  10  and an anode layer  112  on the surface of the substrate  10  and connected to a side surface of the anode current collector  111 . For example, one anode layer  112  may be connected to one side surface of the anode current collector  111 , or the anode layer  112  may be connected to both side surfaces of the anode current collector  111 . For example, different anode current collectors may be electrically connected, and may be led out through a same wire. 
     As shown in  FIG.  1   , each cathode structure  12  comprises: a cathode current collector  121  on the surface of the substrate  10  and a cathode layer  122  on the surface of the substrate  10  and connected to a side surface of the cathode current collector. For example, one cathode layer  122  may be connected to one side surface of the cathode current collector  121 , or the cathode layer  122  may be connected to both side surfaces of the cathode current collector  121 . For example, different cathode current collectors may be electrically connected, and may be led out through a same wire. 
     So far, a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure has been provided. In this semiconductor device, an anode current collector, an anode layer, a cathode current collector, and a cathode layer are provided on the surface of the substrate. A solid electrolyte layer is also provided on the surface of the substrate, and the solid electrolyte layer spaces the anode structure apart from the cathode structure. Such structure of the thin film battery may be referred to as a transverse structure. That is, this thin film battery has a transverse structure. This may reduce the height of the cathode current collector, the anode current collector or the like. When the thin film battery is connected to structural layers of other devices (for example, thin film transistors), the height difference between the cathode current collector or the anode current collector of the thin film battery and the structural layers of the other devices may be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the metal connecting line between the cathode current collector or the anode current collector and the structural layer of the other devices breaks. 
       FIG.  2    is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  2   , the semiconductor device comprises a substrate  10  and a thin film transistor on the substrate  10 . The thin film transistor has the same or similar structure as the thin film transistor shown in  FIG.  1   , and thus will not be described in detail here. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  2   , the semiconductor device may further comprise at least one thin film transistor on the substrate  10 . The at least one thin film transistor and the thin film battery are located on the same side surface of the substrate  10 . It should be noted that, although one thin film transistor is shown in  FIG.  2   , those skilled in the art may understand that two or more thin film transistors may be provided on the substrate. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  2   , each thin film transistor comprises a first electrode (for example, a source)  201 , a second electrode (for example, a drain)  202  and an active layer  21  on the substrate  10 . The active layer  21  is a semiconductor layer. For example, a material of the active layer  21  may comprise at least one of polysilicon or amorphous silicon. The first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  are respectively on both side surfaces of the active layer  21 . That is, the active layer  21  is between the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202 . The first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  each is connected to the active layer  21 . 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  2   , each thin film transistor may further comprise a dielectric layer  22  on a side of the active layer  21  facing away from the substrate  10 . For example, the dielectric layer  22  is on the first electrode  201 , the second electrode  202 , and the active layer  21 . 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  2   , each thin film transistor may further comprise a gate  23  on a side of the dielectric layer  22  facing away from the active layer  21 . The gate  23  is on the dielectric layer  22 . 
     So far, a semiconductor device according to other embodiments of the present disclosure has been provided. In the semiconductor device, a thin film battery and at least one thin film transistor are integrated on the substrate, which improves the integration of the semiconductor device. Since the thin film battery has a transverse structure, the height difference between the thin film battery and the thin film transistor may be reduced. In this way, when the cathode current collector or the anode current collector of the thin film battery is connected to the electrodes (for example, the source, the drain, or the gate) of the thin film transistor, the possibility of the metal connecting line between them being broken may be reduced. Therefore, when the semiconductor device is applied to a flexible display device such as a wearable device, the possibility of the flexible display device being damaged may be reduced. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  2   , the semiconductor device may further comprise a planarization layer  24  covering the thin film battery and the thin film transistor. For example, a material of the planarization layer  24  may comprise organic materials such as resin. 
     In some embodiments, the semiconductor device may further comprise an encapsulation layer or the like (not shown) on the planarization layer  24 . 
     In some embodiments, materials of the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  are the same as a material of the anode current collector  111 . In other embodiments, the materials of the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  are the same as a material of the cathode current collector  121 . In this way, during the process of integrating the thin film transistor and the thin film battery, it is possible to facilitate the manufacture. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the gate  23  is the same as the material of the cathode current collector  121 . In other embodiments, the material of the gate  23  is the same as the material of the anode current collector  111 . This may reduce the types of materials used during a manufacturing process and also facilitate the manufacture. 
     In some embodiments, a material of the dielectric layer  22  may be the same as a material of the solid electrolyte layer  13 . When no voltage is applied to the gate of the thin film transistor, the positive and negative ions in the solid electrolyte as the dielectric layer are freely distributed, and the entire dielectric layer is electrically neutral. In this embodiment, by using a solid electrolyte material as a dielectric layer, it may not only facilitate the manufacture, but also reduce the turn-on voltage (or driving voltage) of the thin film transistor. 
     The operation principles of the thin film transistor with the solid electrolyte as the dielectric layer will be introduced in detail below in conjunction with  FIGS.  3 A and  3 B . 
       FIG.  3 A  is a schematic view showing that a thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure generates an electric-double-layer capacitance under the action of a positive bias.  FIG.  3 B  is a schematic view showing that a thin film transistor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure generates an electric-double-layer capacitance under the action of a negative bias. For example, the thin film transistors in  FIGS.  3 A and  3 B  are n-channel transistors. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3 A , when a positive bias is applied to the gate electrode  23 , the positive and negative ions in the dielectric layer  22  using a solid electrolyte material may directionally move under the action of an electric field generated by the positive bias. Positive ions may be accumulated at the interface between the dielectric layer  22  and the active layer  21 , and induce a layer of mirror-image charges on the surface of the active layer  21  that is electrically opposite to the positive ions. This layer of mirror-image charges and the positive ion layer may form a strong interface capacitance, thereby forming an electric-double-layer capacitor. For n-channel transistors, the layer of mirror-image charges are an accumulated electron layer. In this way, an n-type channel is formed in the active layer  21 , so the thin film transistor is turned on. 
     In this device model, an electric-double-layer capacitor is formed at the interface of the dielectric layer/active layer and another electric-double-layer capacitor is formed at the interface of the gate/dielectric layer, that is, a total of two electric-double-layer capacitors are formed. The capacitance of the entire device may be seen as a series connection of these two electric-double-layer capacitors. Since the thickness of the electric-double-layer is very small (the thickness is a nanometer scale), the gate has a large unit capacitance, which may improve the coupling efficiency of the gate, and thus may reduce the turn-on voltage of the thin film transistor. 
     As shown in  FIG.  3 B , when a negative bias is applied to the gate electrode  23 , the negative ions in the dielectric layer  22  may reach the interface of the dielectric layer  22  and the active layer  21  under the action of an electric field generated by the negative bias. Negative ions may be accumulated at the interface between the dielectric layer  22  and the active layer  21 , and induce a layer of mirror-image charges on the surface of the active layer  21  that is electrically opposite to the negative ions. Therefore, for n-channel transistors, the positively charged mirror-image charges may be accumulated at the channel of the active layer  21 , and the electrons in the channel are repelled and depleted by negative ions. Since the thin film transistor is an n-channel transistor, the thin film transistor is turn off in the case where the electrons are depleted. 
       FIG.  4    is a flowchart showing a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  4   , the manufacturing method may comprise steps S 402  to S 404 . 
     At step S 402 , at least one anode structure and at least one cathode structure are formed on a substrate. Each anode structure comprises an anode current collector on a surface of the substrate and an anode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the anode current collector. Each cathode structure comprises a cathode current collector on the surface of the substrate and a cathode layer on the surface of the substrate and connected to a side surface of the cathode current collector. 
     In some embodiments, the step S 402  may comprise forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate. Next, an anode material is filled between the at least one anode current collector and the at least one cathode current collector. Next, the anode material is patterned to form the anode layer. The anode layer is spaced apart from the cathode current collector. Next, a cathode material is filled between the anode layer and the cathode current collector. Next, the cathode material is patterned to form the cathode layer. The cathode layer is spaced apart from the anode layer. In this embodiment, after the anode current collector and the cathode current collector are formed, the anode layer is formed first, and then the cathode layer is formed, thereby forming the anode structure and the cathode structure. 
     In other embodiments, the step S 402  may comprise forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate. Next, a cathode material is filled between the at least one anode current collector and the at least one cathode current collector. Next, the cathode material is patterned to form the cathode layer. The cathode layer is spaced apart from the anode current collector. Next, an anode material is filled between the cathode layer and the anode current collector. Next, the anode material is patterned to form the anode layer. The anode layer is spaced apart from the cathode layer. In this embodiment, after the anode current collector and the cathode current collector are formed, the cathode layer is formed first, and then the anode layer is formed, thereby forming the cathode structure and the anode structure. 
     In other embodiments, the step S 402  may comprise forming at least one anode current collector and at least one cathode current collector spaced apart from the at least one anode current collector on the substrate. The step S 402  may further comprise forming the anode layer and the cathode layer by a three-dimensional (3D) printing process respectively. Next, the anode layer is connected to a side surface of the anode current collector, and the cathode layer is connected to a side surface of the cathode current collector. The cathode layer is spaced apart from the anode layer. In this embodiment, the anode current collector and the cathode current collector are formed, and the anode layer and the cathode layer are formed by the three-dimensional printing process respectively. The anode layer is connected to the side surface of the anode current collector and the cathode layer is connected to the side surface of the cathode current collector, thereby forming the anode structure and the cathode structure. The method is more simple and easy to implement. 
     At step S 404 , a solid electrolyte layer is formed on the substrate, the anode structure, and the cathode structure. The solid electrolyte layer spaces the anode structure apart from the cathode structure. The solid electrolyte layer covers the anode structure and the cathode structure. 
     So far, a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided. In the manufacturing method, at least one anode structure and at least one cathode structure are formed on the substrate; and a solid electrolyte layer is formed on the substrate, the anode structure, and the cathode structure. The solid electrolyte layer spaces the anode structure apart from the cathode structure. In this way, a thin film battery having a transverse structure is formed on the substrate. 
     In some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further comprise forming a first electrode and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode on the substrate during the forming of the anode current collector and the cathode current collector. The first electrode and the second electrode serve as two electrodes of a thin film transistor. For example, materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the anode current collector. For another example, the materials of the first electrode and the second electrode are the same as a material of the cathode current collector. 
     In some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further comprise forming an active layer between the first electrode and the second electrode on the substrate. The first electrode and the second electrode each is connected to the active layer. That is, the active layer is connected to the first electrode and the second electrode. 
     In some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further comprise forming a dielectric layer on the active layer during the forming of the solid electrolyte layer. For example, a material of the dielectric layer is the same as a material of the solid electrolyte layer. 
     In some embodiments, the manufacturing method may further comprise forming a gate on the dielectric layer after forming the solid electrolyte layer. For example, a material of the gate is the same as the material of the cathode current collector. For another example, the material of the gate is the same as the material of the anode current collector. 
       FIGS.  5  to  12    are schematic cross-sectional views showing structures at several stages during a manufacturing process of a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The manufacturing process of the semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with  FIGS.  5  to  12    and  FIG.  2   . 
     First, as shown in  FIG.  5   , a substrate  10  is provided. For example, the substrate  10  may be a rigid substrate such as glass, or a flexible substrate such as PI (Polyimide) or PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane). 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  5   , at least one anode current collector  111 , at least one cathode current collector  121 , a first electrode  201 , and a second electrode  202  spaced apart from each other are formed on the substrate  10 , for example by processes such as deposition, photo, etching, and the like. For example, materials of the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  are the same as a material of the anode current collector  111 . Of course, those skilled in the art may understand that the materials of the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  may also be the same as a material of the cathode current collector  121 . 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  6   , an active layer  21  located between the first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  is formed on the substrate  10 . The first electrode  201  and the second electrode  202  each is connected to the active layer  21 . For example, the active layer  21  may be formed by processes such as plating, photo, and etching, or by an FMM (Fine Metal Mask) evaporation process. For example, the active layer  21  may use a semiconductor material doped with an n-type dopant (for example, phosphorus) in a case where an NMOS (N-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor needs to be formed; and the active layer  21  may use a semiconductor material doped with a p-type dopant (for example, boron) in a case where a PMOS (P-channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor needs to be formed. 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  7   , for example, an anode material  112  is filled between the anode current collector  111  and the cathode current collector  121  by an FMM evaporation process. 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  8   , the anode material is patterned by processes such as photo, etching, and the like to form an anode layer  112 . The anode layer  112  is spaced apart from the cathode current collector  121 . This forms an anode structure  11 . The anode structure  11  comprises the anode current collector  111  and the anode layer  112 . 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  9   , for example, a cathode material  122  is filled between the anode layer  112  and the cathode current collector  121  by an FMM evaporation process. 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  10   , the cathode material is patterned to form a cathode layer  122  by processes such as photo, etching, and the like. The cathode layer  122  is spaced apart from the anode layer  112 . This forms a cathode structure  12 . The cathode structure  12  comprises the cathode current collector  121  and the cathode layer  122 . 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  11   , a solid electrolyte layer  13  is formed on the substrate  10 , the anode structure  11  and the cathode structure  12 , and a dielectric layer  22  is formed on the first electrode  201 , the second electrode  202  and the active layer  21 . A material of the dielectric layer  22  comprises a solid electrolyte material. The dielectric layer is spaced apart from the solid electrolyte layer  13 . For example, a solid electrolyte material may be formed on the structure shown in  FIG.  10    by processes such as sputtering and the like, and the solid electrolyte material is patterned by processes such as photo, etching, and the like to form the solid electrolyte layer  13  and the dielectric layer  22  in  FIG.  11   . 
     Next, as shown in  FIG.  12   , a gate  23  is formed on the dielectric layer  22  by processes such as deposition, etching, and the like. 
     Next, a planarization layer  24  is formed on the structure shown in  FIG.  12    by processes such as deposition and planarization, thereby forming the structure shown in  FIG.  2   . 
     So far, a manufacturing method for a semiconductor device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is provided. In the manufacturing method, after the anode current collector and the cathode current collector for the thin film battery, and the first electrode, the second electrode and the active layer for the thin film transistor are formed, the anode layer is first formed, and then the cathode layer is formed, thereby forming the anode structure and the cathode structure, and then forming other structures of the thin film battery and the thin film transistor. With the manufacturing method, the thin film battery and the thin film transistor are integrated on the same substrate. 
     In other embodiments, after the structure shown in  FIG.  6    is formed, the cathode layer is first formed, and then the anode layer is formed to form the cathode structure and the anode structure respectively, thereby forming the structure shown in  FIG.  10   . Then, other structures of the thin film battery and the thin film transistor are formed. In this way, the semiconductor device shown in  FIG.  2    can also be formed. 
     In other embodiments, the anode layer and the cathode layer may be formed respectively by a three-dimensional printing process. Then, the anode layer is disposed on a side surface of the anode current collector in the structure shown in  FIG.  6   , and the cathode layer is disposed on a side surface of the cathode current collector in the structure shown in  FIG.  6   , thereby forming the structure shown in  FIG.  10   . Then, other structures of the thin film battery and the thin film transistor are formed. In this way, the semiconductor device shown in  FIG.  2    can also be formed. This method is easier to implement. 
     In some embodiments, the semiconductor device shown in  FIG.  2    may be applied to the energy collection of the nano-generator to form a power generating device with a self-driven energy storage function. 
       FIG.  13    is a schematic view showing a structure of a power generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The power generating device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below in conjunction with  FIG.  13   . 
     As shown in  FIG.  13   , the power generating device comprises a nano-generator  500  and a semiconductor device  600 . The nano-generator  500  is electrically connected to the semiconductor device  600 . 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  13   , the semiconductor device  600  comprises a thin film battery  630  and at least one thin film transistor. For example, the at least one thin film transistor may comprise a first thin film transistor  610  and a second thin film transistor  620 . For example, the first thin film transistor  610  is an NMOS transistor, and the second thin film transistor  620  is a PMOS transistor. The first thin film transistor  610 , the second thin film transistor  620  and the thin film battery  630  are integrated on the same substrate. 
     In some embodiments, the nano-generator may be a friction nano-generator. For example, as shown in  FIG.  13   , the nano-generator  500  may comprise a first electrode layer (or referred to as an upper electrode)  501 , a second electrode layer (or referred to as a lower electrode)  502 , and a first material layer  511  and a second material layer  512  between the first electrode layer  501  and the second electrode layer  502 . The first material layer  511  is in contact with the first electrode layer  501 , and the second material layer  512  is in contact with the second electrode layer  502 . The first material layer  511  and the second material layer  512  have different electron bound capabilities. For example, a material of the first material layer  511  may comprise polytetrafluoroethylene or the like, and a material of the second material layer  512  may comprise nylon or the like. 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  13   , a first electrode of the first thin film transistor  610  is electrically connected to the anode current collector (not shown in  FIG.  13   ) of the thin film battery. A second electrode and a gate of the first thin film transistor  610  each is electrically connected to the first electrode layer  501  of the nano-generator  500 . A first electrode of the second thin film transistor  620  is electrically connected to the cathode current collector (not shown in  FIG.  13   ) of the thin film battery  630 . A second electrode and a gate of the second thin film transistor  620  each is electrically connected to the second electrode layer  502  of the nano-generator. 
     In the above-described power generating device, the first and second electrode layers of the nano-generator are connected to the anode current collector and the cathode current collector of the thin film battery through the thin film transistors as switches respectively. 
     When the nano-generator  500  generates flowing charges during a friction process, positive charges flow to the anode current collector of the thin film battery  630  through the first thin film transistor (for example, an NMOS transistor)  610  by the first electrode layer  501  of the nano-generator, and electrons flow to the cathode current collector of the thin film battery  630  through the second thin film transistor (for example, a PMOS transistor)  620  by the second electrode layer  502  of the nano-generator, thereby implementing collecting charges. 
     When the nano-generator  500  generates reverse-flowing charges during the friction process, electrons flow out of the first electrode layer  501  of the nano-generator, and positive charges flow out of the second electrode layer  502  of the nano-generator. Since the first thin film transistor  610  is an NMOS transistor, when the electrons reaches the gate of the first thin film transistor  610 , the first thin film transistor is turned off, so that the electrons cannot reach the anode current collector of the thin film battery  630 . Since the second thin film transistor  620  is a PMOS transistor, when the positive charges reach the gate of the second thin film transistor  620 , the second thin film transistor is turned off, so that the positive charges cannot reach the cathode current collector of the thin film battery  630 . In this way, the reverse-flowing charges are obstructed. Therefore, the above-described power generating device may achieve the self-driven energy storage function. 
     Hereto, various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. Some details well known in the art are not described to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure. According to the above description, those skilled in the art would fully know how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein. 
     Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications to the above embodiments or equivalently substitution of part of the technical features may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.