Patent Publication Number: US-2023133786-A1

Title: Display panel, method for manufacturing the same, and display apparatus

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     The present disclosure claims to the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 202210774115.0, filed on Jul. 1, 2022, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel, a method for manufacturing the display panel, and a display apparatus. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Certain conventional display panels are prone to film detachment, resulting in poor structural stability of the display panel. In particular, for display panels used in the in-vehicle area, this type of display panel requires more reliability. If the structural stability of this type of display panel is problematic, the driver&#39;s driving safety is negatively affected. 
     SUMMARY 
     In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a display panel. In an embodiment, the display panel includes a display area and a non-display area; a substrate; an organic layer located at a side of the substrate and located in the display area and the non-display area, in which the organic layer includes a first portion located in the non-display area; and an organic layer protection structure located on a surface of the organic layer facing away from the substrate. In an embodiment, the organic layer protection structure includes a first structure in the display area and a second structure in the non-display area. In an embodiment, the second structure overlaps the first portion in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate. In an embodiment, the first structure and the second structure are in direct contact with the organic layer. In an embodiment, the organic layer protection structure includes a hollow structure. 
     In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing the display panel described in the first aspect. In an embodiment, the method includes: forming a to-be-cut display panel; cutting the to-be-cut display panel to form the display panel. In an embodiment, forming the to-be-cut display panel includes: forming an organic layer located in a display area and a non-display area on a side of the substrate, the organic layer includes a first portion located in the non-display area; and forming an organic layer protection structure on a surface of the organic layer facing away from the substrate. In an embodiment, the organic layer protection structure is a layer formed right after the organic layer is formed, the organic layer protection structure includes a first structure in the display area and a second structure in the non-display area, the second structure overlaps the first portion in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate, and the first structure and the second structure are in direct contact with the organic layer, and the organic layer protection structure includes a plurality of hollow structures. 
     In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a display apparatus. In an embodiment, the display apparatus includes the display panel described in the first aspect. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
       In order to more clearly illustrate technical solutions of embodiments of the present disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments are briefly described below. The drawings described below are merely a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on these drawings, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings. 
         FIG.  1    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel of the prior art; 
         FIG.  2    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel of the prior art; 
         FIG.  3    is a top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view taken along line A 1 -A 2  of  FIG.  3    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  5    is a top view of a display panel provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view taken along line B 1 -B 2  of  FIG.  5    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  7    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel of the prior art; 
         FIG.  8    is a partial top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view taken along line C 1 -C 2  of  FIG.  8    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  10    is a structural schematic diagram of a transistor layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  11    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  12    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  13    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  14    is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  15    is a cross-sectional view taken along line E 1 -E 2  of  FIG.  14    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  16    is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  17    is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  18    is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of hollow structures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  19    is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  20    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  21    is a structural schematic diagram of four layer structures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  22    is a histogram of the strain of an electrode insulation layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  23    is a top view of an electrode insulation layer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  24    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  25    is a structural schematic diagram of five types of electrode insulation layers according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  26    is a histogram of strain of an electrode insulation layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  27    is a histogram of strain of a first electrode according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  28    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  29    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  30    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  31    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  32    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  33    is a schematic diagram of a panel stress model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG.  34    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG.  35    is a structural schematic diagram of a display apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     In order to better understand technical solutions of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in details with reference to the drawings. 
     It should be clear that the described embodiments are merely part of the embodiments of the present disclosure rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without paying creative labor shall fall into the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are merely for the purpose of describing embodiments, rather than limiting the present disclosure. The terms “a”, “an”, “the” and “said” in a singular form in the embodiments of the present disclosure and the attached claims are also intended to include plural forms thereof, unless noted otherwise. 
     It should be understood that the term “and/or” used in the context of the present disclosure is to describe a correlation relation of related objects, indicating that there may be three relations, e.g., A and/or B may indicate only A, both A and B, and only B. In addition, the symbol “/” in the context generally indicates that the relation between the objects in front and at the back of “/” is an “or” relationship. 
     Display panels in the related art are typically provided with an organic layer to achieve planarization of layers. The inventors have found during the study process that such an organic layer may release a large amount of water vapor during the manufacturing process, thereby causing the other layers on top of the organic layer to bulge, resulting in a layer detachment problem. 
     The water vapor released from the organic layer may be generated during its manufacturing process. The organic layer is usually formed by a coating process. Since the temperature of the coating process is low and air bubbles are easily generated, when the electrode and/or layer structures such as silicon nitride layer are formed after the organic layer is formed, a high-temperature environment is required, the organic layer is subjected to a high temperature, and the air bubbles generated in the organic layer are further released to bulge the upper layer. 
     Alternatively, the water vapor released from the organic layer may be absorbed from the outside. Taking the panel structure shown in  FIG.  1    as an example, as shown in  FIG.  1   , which is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel in a related art, the display panel includes a display area  101  and a non-display area  102 . The display panel further includes a substrate  103 , and a transistor layer  104 , an organic layer  105 , a first electrode  106 , an electrode insulation layer  107 , and a second electrode  108  that are sequentially provided on the substrate  103 . The first electrode  106  and the second electrode  108  are located in the display area  101 . When the display panel displays images, liquid crystal molecules rotate under the electric field formed by the first electrode  106  and the second electrode  108 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  2   ,  FIG.  2    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel in a related art, in which a manufacturing process of the display panel with such a structure includes following steps. 
     Step K 1 : a transistor layer  104  is formed on the substrate  103 . 
     Step K 2 : an organic layer  105  is formed on the transistor, in which the organic layer  105  is an organic film, and the organic layer  105  covers the display area  101  and the non-display area  102  to achieve flatness of layers at various positions. 
     Step K 3 : a first electrode layer  109  is formed on the organic layer  105 . 
     Step K 4 : the first electrode layer  109  is etched to form the first electrode  106  located in the display area  101 . 
     Step K 5 : an electrode insulation layer  107  is formed on the first electrode  106 . 
     Step K 6 : a second electrode  108  in the display area  101  is formed on the electrode insulation layer  107 . 
     As can be seen from the above manufacturing processes, after forming the organic layer  105  in step K 2  and before forming the first electrode layer  109  in step K 3 , and after etching to form the first electrode layer  106  in step K 4  and before forming the electrode insulation layer  107  in step K 5 , the portion of the organic layer  105  in the non-display area  102  is always exposed to the outside, and ambient water vapor can directly contact this portion of the organic layer  105 , resulting in the portion of the organic layer  105  to absorb a large amount of moisture. When subsequently subjected to higher processing temperatures, the portion of the moisture absorbed by the organic film  105  may be released, thereby causing the upper layer to bulge. 
     In this regard, the present disclosure provide a display panel, which can effectively reduce the moisture absorbed by the organic layer during the manufacturing process, and at the same time, the gas generated by the organic layer itself and the moisture absorbed during the manufacturing process can also be released, thereby effectively improving subsequent layer detachment problem. 
       FIG.  3    is a top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  4    is a cross-sectional view taken along line A 1 -A 2  of  FIG.  3    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  3    and  FIG.  4   , the display panel includes a display area  1  and a non-display area  2 . The display area  1  is an image display area of the display panel, also referred to as an AA (Active Area) area. The display panel further includes a substrate  3 , an organic layer  4 , and an organic layer protection structure  5 . 
     The organic layer  4  is located at a side of the substrate  3  and located in the display area  1  and the non-display area  2 . The organic layer  4  may be a planarization layer for achieving layer planarization of a display panel. The organic layer  4  includes a first portion  6  in the non-display area  2 . 
     The organic layer protection structure  5  is located on a surface of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The organic layer protection structure  5  includes a first structure  51  in the display area  1  and a second structure  52  in the non-display area  2 . In a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate  3 , the second structure  52  overlaps the first portion  6 , and the first structure  51  and the second structure  52  are in direct contact with the organic film layer  4 . The organic layer protection structure  5  includes a hollow structure  22 . The hollow structure  22  may be a via hole penetrating the organic layer protection structure  5 . 
     It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the organic layer protective structure  5  is the earliest layer formed after the organic layer  4  is formed. That is to say, there is no other process steps in the display panel after the formation of the organic layer  4  and before the formation of the organic layer protection structure  5 . 
     Based on the structure of the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure, during the manufacturing process of the display panel, after forming the organic layer  4 , a film forming process is first used to form an organic layer protection structure  5  capable of shielding the organic layer  4 . In this way, when other layers are subsequently formed, this portion of the organic layer  4  that is shielded is not re-exposed. At this time, the organic layer  4  is only exposed for a short time after the organic layer  4  is formed and before the organic layer protection structure  5  is formed, so that the duration of the exposure of the organic layer protection structure  5  during the whole manufacturing process is reduced, in particular the duration of the exposure of the first portion  6  of the organic layer  4  is reduced. Furthermore, the organic layer protection structure  5  may also block water and oxygen from entering the organic layer  4  during other subsequent manufacturing processes, thereby significantly reducing moisture absorbed by the organic layer  4  during the manufacturing process of the display panel. 
     As mentioned above, the organic layer  4  is usually formed by a coating process in which bubbles are easily generated. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, by providing the hollow structure  22  in the organic layer protection structure  5 , the hollow structure  22  can be further utilized to release the water vapor decomposed, absorbed and generated in subsequent high-temperature process by the organic layer  4  itself, thereby reducing or eliminating the layer detachment. 
       FIG.  5    is a top view of a display panel provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view taken along line B 1 -B 2  of  FIG.  5    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  5    and  FIG.  6   , the display panel further includes a first electrode  7  provided in the display area  1 , and the first electrode  7  is provided on a surface of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The organic layer protection structure  5  includes a conductive material, and the first structure  51  of the organic layer protection structure  5  is a first electrode. 
     Based on the above structures, in conjunction with  FIG.  30   , in the manufacturing process of the display panel, after the organic layer  4  is formed, a protection layer  31  is firstly formed on the organic layer  4 , and the first structure  51  (the first electrode  7 ) in the display area  1  and the second structure  52  in the non-display area  2  are formed simultaneously by etching the protection layer  31 . In this way, since the first structure is the first electrode  7  in the display panel, on the one hand, the first electrode  7  and the second structure  52  are formed together during the manufacturing process, at this time, only the pattern of the mask corresponding to the original first electrode  7  need be adjusted without adding additional processes, the manufacturing process of the display panel is easier, and on the other hand, the first electrode  7  and the first structure  51  need only occupy one layer thickness, and it is more advantageous to achieve the light-thin design of the display panel. 
     Further, referring again to  FIGS.  5  and  6   , the display panel also includes an electrode insulation layer  8  on the side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3  and a second electrode  9  on the side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . The first electrode  7  is a common electrode  10 , and the second electrode  9  is a pixel electrode  11 . 
     When the display panel is displaying images, a common voltage is transmitted on the whole common electrode  10 , but the pixel electrodes  11  corresponding to different sub-pixels need to transmit specific driving voltages according to the brightness corresponding to the sub-pixels, i.e., the voltages transmitted on different pixel electrodes  11  may be the same or different. In the present disclosure, by providing the first electrode  7  in a same layer as the second structure  52  to be the common electrode  10 , even if the second structure  52  is in contact with the first electrode  7  due to process errors, so that the voltages transmitted on the first electrode  7  is not affected, without affecting light-emitting reliability of sub-pixels. 
       FIG.  7    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel in a related art. In the traditional design, when the first electrode  106  is the common electrode and the second electrode  108  is the pixel electrode, in order to achieve electrical connection between the second electrode  108  and the transistor  110  in the transistor layer  104 , via holes are required to be provided on the organic layer  105 , the first electrode  106  and the electrode insulation layer  107 , respectively. The via holes in these three layers overlap to form a T-shaped via hole with a large depth. With such a design, after forming via holes on the first electrode  106  and after forming the via hole on the electrode insulation layer  107 , all sidewalls of the via holes in the organic layer  105  are exposed to the outside, resulting in a longer exposure time of the via holes in the organic layer  105 . Therefore, more water vapor may penetrate the organic layer  105  from the sidewall of the via hole. 
       FIG.  8    is a partial top view of a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and  FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view taken along line C 1 -C 2  of  FIG.  8    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIGS.  8  and  9   , the display panel further includes a transistor layer  12  located between the substrate  3  and the organic layer  4 . The transistor layer  12  includes a first transistor  13 . As shown in  FIG.  10   , which is a structural schematic diagram of a transistor layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the transistor layer  12  may include a semiconductor layer  121 , a gate insulation layer  122  located at a side of the semiconductor layer  121  facing away from the substrate  3 , a first metal layer  123  located at a side of the gate insulation layer  122  facing away from the substrate  3 , an interlayer dielectric layer  124  located at a side of the first metal layer  123  facing away from the substrate  3 , and a second metal layer  125  located at a side of the interlayer dielectric layer  124  facing away from the substrate  3 . The semiconductor layer  121  is configured to form the active layer p of the first transistor  13 . The first metal layer  123  is configured to form the gate electrode g of the first transistor  13 . The second metal layer  125  is configured to form the source electrode s and the drain electrode d of the first transistor  13 . 
     Referring to  FIGS.  8  and  9   , the first electrode  7  includes a first body  14  and a plurality of first connection portions  15  that are provided in a same layer and electrically insulated from each other, i.e., the first body  14  and the first connection portion  15  are independent of each other and have a spacing therebetween. The organic layer  4  includes a first via hole  16  through which the first connection portion  15  is electrically connected to the first transistor  13 . 
     The second electrode  9  includes a second body  18  and a second connection portion  19  protruding from the second body  18 . The electrode insulation layer  8  includes a second via hole  17  through which the second connection portion  19  is electrically connected to the first connection portion  15 . 
     In this way, by dividing the first electrode  7  (the common electrode  10 ) into the first body  14  and the plurality of first connection portions  15  that are independent from each other, the first connection portions  15  may serve as an auxiliary connection layer between the second electrode  9  and the first transistor  13 . At this time, the first connection portion  15  is recessed in the first via hole  16  of the organic layer  4 , and the first via hole  16  is completely covered, thereby preventing the first via hole  16  from being exposed in the following manufacturing process, reducing the exposure time of the first via hole  16 , thereby reducing the risk of moisture penetrating the organic layer  4  through the sidewall of the first via hole  16 , and reducing the gas released by the organic layer  4  to a greater extent. 
     In addition, by providing the second connection portion  19  of the second electrode  9  (the pixel electrode  11 ) to protrude from one side of the second body  18 , and overlapping the first connection portion  15  with the second connection portion  19 , it is possible to minimize the influence of on a direct facing area between the second electrode  9  and the first electrode  7  by providing the first connection portion  15 . In this way, it is possible to have a direct facing area that is continuous and has a large area between the second electrode  9  and the first electrode  7 , and it is advantageous to form a uniform electric field, thereby optimizing the display effect. 
       FIG.  11    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  11   , the display panel further includes an electrode insulation layer  8  and a second electrode  9 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is located at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 , and the second electrode  9  is located at a side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . 
     The first electrode  7  is the pixel electrode  11 , and the second electrode  9  is the common electrode  10 . The common electrode  10  includes a plurality of sub-electrodes  91  spaced apart from each other. The sub-electrode  91  is reused with the touch electrodes  70 , and is electrically connected to the touch signal line  80 . 
     In the above structure, the first structure  51  of the organic layer protection structure  5  is reused with the pixel electrode  11 , while the common electrode  10  is provided at a side closer to the light-emitting surface of the display panel. In this way, by patterning design of the common electrode  10 , the common electrode  10  includes a plurality of sub-electrodes  91  spaced apart from each other, and the sub-electrode  91  is reused with the touch electrode  70 . At this time, a driving process of the display panel may include a display period and a touch period. In the display period, the touch signal line  80  transmits a common voltage to the sub-electrode  91  to form an electric field between the sub-electrode  91  and the pixel electrode  11 , so as to drive the liquid crystal molecules to rotate. In the touch period, the sub-electrode  91  transmits the sensed detection signal to the touch signal line  80  to determine the touch position of the finger according to the detection signal fed back. 
     Since the sub-electrode  91  (touch electrode  70 ) is located at a side closer to the light-emitting surface of the display panel, the sub-electrode  91  is located closer to the finger, and the sub-electrode  91  is better able to sense the signal variation caused by the touch of the finger, thereby effectively improving the touch detection accuracy. 
     When the first electrode  7  is the pixel electrode  11 , a distance between the second structure  52  and the first electrode  7  (the pixel electrode  11 ) may be greater than 3 μm, so as to prevent the second structure  52  and the pixel electrodes  11  from being in contact with each other due to process accuracy and so on, and further prevent the signals transmitted on the plurality of pixel electrodes  11  from interfering with each other. 
     When the display panel includes the common electrode  10  and the pixel electrode  11 , the display panel may be a liquid crystal display panel.  FIG.  12    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  12   , the display panel further includes liquid crystal molecules  81 , a color film substrate  82 , and support posts  83 . The liquid crystal molecules  81  and the support posts  83  are located between the second electrode  9  and the color film substrate  82 . The support posts  83  are configured to support the color film substrate  82  to form a uniform cell thickness. The color film substrate  82  may include a substrate  821 , a black matrix  822  located at a side of the substrate  821  facing the liquid crystal molecules  81 , and a color film  823 . The color film  823  is configured to achieve color conversion of light. The black matrix  822  is configured to define a light exit area of the display panel. 
     In addition, when the first electrode  7  is the common electrode  10  or the pixel electrode  11 , the conductive material for forming the organic layer protection structure  5  may be indium tin oxide (ITO). In addition to having good electrical conductivity, ITO has a higher water-oxygen barrier property, thereby better shielding the organic layer  4  from water vapor penetration into the organic layer  4  during the manufacturing process. 
     In an embodiment, the display panel provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may also be an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) display panel.  FIG.  13    is a structural schematic diagram of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIG.  13   , the display panel further includes a light-emitting layer  84  and a second electrode  9 . The light-emitting layer  84  is located at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 . The second electrode  9  is located at a side of the light-emitting layer  84  facing away from the substrate  3 . The first electrode  7  is an anode  85 , and the second electrode  9  is a cathode  86 . In addition, the display panel further includes a pixel definition layer  87  located at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 . The pixel definition layer  87  includes an opening in which the light-emitting layer  84  is located. 
     In this configuration, the first structure  51  of the organic layer protection structure  5  is reused for the anode  85  in the organic light emitting diode. In the display panel, the second structure  52  of the organic layer protection structure  5  may be formed of the same material and layer as the anode  85 , thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the display panel. In addition, when the first electrode  7  is the anode  85 , the organic layer protection structure  5  may be a structure laminated by a plurality of layers, such as an ITO-Ag-ITO laminate structure. 
     In an embodiment, referring again to  FIGS.  3  and  4   , the display panel further includes a first electrode  7  located in the display area  1 . The first electrode  7  is located at a side of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The organic layer protection structure  5  is located between the organic layer  4  and the first electrode  7 , and covers the organic layer  4  in a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate  3 . 
     In such a structure, after the organic layer  4  is formed and before the first electrode  7  is formed, the present disclosure utilizes a separate film forming process to form the organic layer protective structure  5 . By covering the organic layer  4  with the organic layer protective structure  5 , the complete coverage of the organic layer  4  can be achieved, thereby protecting the entirety of the organic layer  4 , while reducing the exposure time of the entirety of the organic layer  4 . Meanwhile, penetration of water oxygen into the organic layer protective structure  5  is avoided or reduced in subsequent other manufacturing processes, thereby reducing the moisture absorbed by the organic layer  4  in the manufacturing process of the display panel. 
       FIG.  14    is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and  FIG.  15    is a cross-sectional view taken along line E 1 -E 2  of  FIG.  14    according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown, the first portion  6  includes a groove  20 . The groove  20  may be an annular groove around the display area  1 , to block ambient water vapor penetrating into the display area  1 . In the present disclosure, the second structure may cover the groove  20  in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate  3 , so that the organic layer protective structure  5  shields the sidewall of the groove  20 , reducing the exposed area of the first portion  6  to more greatly reduce the moisture absorbed by the organic layer  4 . 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  16   , which is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel further includes a sealant  21  provided in the non-display area  2 . In a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate  3 , the organic layer protective structure  5  is provided at a side of the sealant  21  facing the display area  1 , so that a distance between the organic layer protective structure  5  and a cutting edge of the display panel is increased, thereby avoiding penetration of static electricity into the interior of the display panel through the organic layer protective structure  5 . 
     In an embodiment, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate  3 , an area A of an orthogonal projection of the organic layer protective structure  5  and a total area B of the hollow structure  22  satisfy: 
     
       
         
           
             
               5.19 
               % 
             
             ≤ 
             
               B 
               A 
             
             ≤ 
             
               16.8 
               
                 % 
                 . 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     If a proportion of the total area of the hollow structure  22  is too large, the shielding effect of the organic layer protection structure  5  on the first portion  6  is affected, resulting in a large area of the first portion  6  being exposed by the hollow structure  22 , thereby further absorbing a large amount of moisture through the hollow structure  22 . If a proportion of the total area of the hollow structure  22  is too small, the release effect of subsequent moisture within the first portion  6  is not apparent, so that the residual moisture in the first portion  6  cannot be released. In an embodiment, by arranging a proportion of the total area of the hollow structure  22  to be in a range from 5.19% to 16.8%, the shielding effect of the organic layer protective structure  5  on the first portion  6  can be enhanced to reduce the moisture absorbed by the first portion  6 , and the outgassing effect can be enhanced. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  17   , which is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the hollow structure  22  includes a plurality of first hollow structures  221  located in the second structure  52 . The plurality of first hollow structures  221  may be arranged along the extending direction of the edge of the display area  1  in order to achieve all-around outgassing of the first portion  6 . 
     In an embodiment, referring again to  FIG.  3   , the hollow structure  22  includes a first hollow structure  221  located in the second structure  52 . The first hollow structure  221  is an annular structure surrounding the display area  1 , so as to degas the first portion  6 , so that more water vapor is released. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  18   , which is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement of hollow structures  22  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the non-display area  2  includes a first non-display area  23 . A direction from the first non-display area  23  to the display area  1  is a first direction x. The hollow structure  22  includes a plurality of first hollow structures  221  located in the second structure  52 . The second structure  52  includes at least two hollow groups  24  located in the first non-display area  23 . The at least two hollow groups  24  are arranged along the first direction x. The hollow group  24  include a plurality of first hollow structures  221  arranged along a second direction y. The first hollow structures  221  in adjacent two hollow groups  24  are staggered in the first direction x. The first direction x intersects the second direction y. By staggering the first hollow structures  221 , the first hollow structure  221  can provide a uniform degassing of the first portion  6  to optimize the degassing effect. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  19   , which is a top view of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the second structure  52  is formed of silicon nitride. Since silicon nitride has better anti-moisture and anti-static properties, forming the second structure  52  by silicon nitride can make the display panel have better anti-moisture and anti-static properties. 
     In addition, when the second structure  52  is formed of silicon nitride, as mentioned above, the first structure  51  can be reused into the first electrode  7 . The first electrode  7  can be the common electrode  10 , the pixel electrode  11  or the anode  85 , at this time, the first structure  51  and the second structure  52  are formed of different materials. 
     In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  20   , which is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display panel further includes a first electrode  7 , an electrode insulation layer  8  and a second electrode  9 . The first electrode  7  is located at a side of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is located at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 . The second electrode  9  is located at a side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . 
     The electrode insulation layer  8  includes a first insulation portion  25  located in the display area  1 . The forming material of first insulation portion  25  includes silicon oxide. 
     In a traditional panel structure, the electrode insulation layer  8  between the first electrode  7  and the second electrode  9  is usually formed of silicon nitride, but the silicon nitride film, due to its low film forming temperature, has a low lateral migration rate of the particles, and the particles are easily pressed, and thus the residual stress is large, and film detachment can easily occur. 
     In an embodiment, the first insulation portion  25  of the electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon oxide. As can be seen from Table 1, the thermal expansion coefficient of silicon oxide is smaller than the thermal expansion coefficient of silicon nitride, and the Young&#39;s modulus of silicon oxide is also smaller than the Young&#39;s modulus of silicon nitride. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
             
            
               
                 Thermal 
                 Substrate (Glass) 
                 3.17 × 10 −6 /K 
                 Young&#39;s 
                 Substrate (Glass) 
                 69.3 
                 GPa 
               
               
                 Expansion 
                 Silicon Oxide 
                  0.5 × 10 −6 /K 
                 Modulus 
                 Silicon Oxide 
                 73 
                 GPa 
               
               
                 Coefficient 
                 Silicon Nitride 
                   3 × 10 −6 /K 
                   
                 Silicon Nitride 
                 250 
                 GPa 
               
               
                   
                 Organic Layer 
                   3 × 10 −5 /K 
                   
                 Organic Layer 
                 1.66 
                 GPa 
               
               
                   
                 (Organic Material) 
                   
                   
                 (Organic Material) 
               
               
                   
                 First Electrode 
                 4.37 × 10 −5 /K 
                   
                 First Electrode 
                 158.7 
                 GPa 
               
               
                   
                 (Indium Tin Oxide) 
                   
                   
                 (Indium Tin Oxide) 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     To this end, the inventors have further verified that, as shown in  FIG.  21   , which is a structural schematic diagram of four layer structures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides four types of layer structures. 
     In a first-type layer structure A, the first-type layer structure A includes a substrate  3 , an interlayer dielectric layer  124 , an organic layer  4 , a first electrode  7 , an electrode insulation layer  8 , and a second electrode  9 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon oxide. The interlayer dielectric layer  124  includes a first dielectric layer  28  formed of silicon oxide, and a second dielectric layer  29  formed of silicon nitride. 
     In the second-type layer structure B, the second-type layer structure B includes a substrate  3 , an interlayer dielectric layer  124 , an organic layer  4 , a first electrode  7 , an electrode insulation layer  8 , and a second electrode  9 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon nitride. The interlayer dielectric layer  124  includes a first dielectric layer  28  formed of silicon oxide, and a second dielectric layer  29  formed of silicon nitride. 
     In the third-type layer structure C, the third-type layer structure C includes a substrate  3 , an interlayer dielectric layer  124 , an organic layer  4 , an electrode insulation layer  8 , and a second electrode  9 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon oxide. The interlayer dielectric layer  124  includes a first dielectric layer  28  formed of silicon oxide, and a second dielectric layer  29  formed of silicon nitride. 
     In the fourth-type layer structure D, the fourth-type layer structure D includes a substrate  3 , an interlayer dielectric layer  124 , an organic layer  4 , an electrode insulation layer  8  and a second electrode  9 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon nitride. The interlayer dielectric layer  124  includes a first dielectric layer  28  formed of silicon oxide, and a second dielectric layer  29  formed of silicon nitride. 
     The thickness of each layer in the four types of layer structures is shown in Table 2. 
     
       
         
           
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 First-type Layer 
                 Second-type Film 
                 Third-type Layer 
                 Fourth-type Film 
               
               
                   
                 structure A 
                 Layer Structure B 
                 structure C 
                 Layer Structure D 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Layer 
                 Substrate 
                 0.5 
                 Substrate 
                 0.5 
                 Substrate 
                 0.5 
                 Substrate 
                 Substrate 
               
               
                 Thickness 
                 Inter- 
                 SiO 2   
                 Inter- 
                 SiO 2   
                 Inter- 
                 SiO 2   
                 Inter- 
                 Inter- 
               
               
                 (mm) 
                 Layer 
                 0.0003 
                 Layer 
                 0.0003 
                 Layer 
                 0.0003 
                 Layer 
                 Layer 
               
               
                   
                 Dielectric 
                 SiN x   
                 Dielectric 
                 SiN x   
                 Dielectric 
                 SiN x   
                 Dielectric 
                 Dielectric 
               
               
                   
                 Layer 
                 0.0002 
                 Layer 
                 0.0002 
                 Layer 
                 0.0002 
                 Layer 
                 Layer 
               
               
                   
                 Organic 
                 0.0022 
                 Organic 
                 0.0022 
                 Organic 
                 0.0022 
                 Organic 
                 Organic 
               
               
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
                 Layer 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 First 
                 0.00005 
                 First 
                 0.00005 
                 / 
               
               
                   
                 electrode 
                   
                 electrode 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Electrode 
                 0.00007 
                 Electrode 
                 0.0001 
                 Electrode 
                 0.00007 
                 Electrode 
                 0.0001 
               
               
                   
                 Insulation 
                   
                 Insulation 
                   
                 Insulation 
                   
                 Insulation 
               
               
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
                   
                 Layer 
               
               
                   
                 Second 
                 0.00005 
                 Second 
                 0.00005 
                 Second 
                 0.00005 
                 Second 
                 0.00005 
               
               
                   
                 Electrode 
                   
                 Electrode 
                   
                 Electrode 
                   
                 Electrode 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     As shown in  FIG.  22   , which is a histogram of the strain of an electrode insulation layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it can be seen from the histogram that the strain of the electrode insulation layer  8  in the first-type layer structure A and the third-type layer structure C is small, i.e., when the electrode insulation layer  8  is formed of silicon oxide, the strain of the electrode insulation layer  8  can be greatly reduced, and thus the risk of detachment is low, so that the first electrode  7  and the second electrode  8  can normally form an electric field. 
       FIG.  23    is a top view of an electrode insulation layer according to another embodiment of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  24    is a structural schematic diagram of layers of a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  23    and  FIG.  24   , the display panel further includes a first electrode  7 , an electrode insulation layer  8 , and a second electrode  9 . The first electrode  7  is located at a side of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The electrode insulation layer  8  is located at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 . The second electrode  9  is located at a side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . The electrode insulation layer  8  includes at least one opening  30  which is an annular opening surrounding the display area  1 . 
     During the study, the inventors discovered that the annular opening surrounding the display area  1  in the electrode insulation layer  8  can further reduce the strain of the layer in the display panel, thereby further reducing the risk of layer detachment of the display panel. 
     Referring to  FIG.  25   , which is a structural schematic diagram of five types of electrode insulation layers according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure test the five types of electrode insulation layers  8 . 
     In the first-type structure A, no opening is provided in the electrode insulation layer  8 . In the second-type structure B, openings each of which has a size of 10 μm×10 μm are provided in an array in the electrode insulation layer  8 . In a third-type structure C, openings each of which has a size of 110 μm×30 μm are provided in an array in the electrode insulation layer  8 . In the fourth-type structure D, openings each of which has a size of 120 μm×40 μm are provided in an array in the electrode insulation layer  8 . In the fifth-type structure E, an annular opening that extends a width of 10 μm along the isostrain line  33  is provided in the electrode insulation layer  8 . 
     For the fifth structure e, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in conjunction with the panel stress model shown in  FIG.  33   , firstly, the panel stress model is constructed according to the structural design parameters and the process design parameters of the display panel, and the stress distribution at different positions is obtained, and it is known that the isostress distribution region tends to be more annular in shape, i.e., a plurality of annular isostrain lines  33  are generated, according to the stress distribution, and then at least one of the isostrain lines  33  may be located at the annular opening. 
       FIG.  26    is a histogram of strain of an electrode insulation layer  8  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and  FIG.  27    is a histogram of strain of a first electrode  7  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIGS.  26  and  27   , when the annular opening is provided on the electrode insulation layer  8 , the strains of the electrode insulation layer  8  and the first electrode  7  are effectively reduced, thereby improving the layer detachment problem in the display panel to a greater extent. 
     Further, the opening  30  may be provided in the non-display area  2  to achieve electrical insulation between the first electrode  7  and the second electrode  9 . Furthermore, openings  30  may be via holes that are not used to make electrical connections, or via holes that are used to achieve electrical connections between different metal traces. 
     In view of the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides a method for manufacturing a display panel in order to manufacture the display panel mentioned above. Combining with  FIGS.  3  and  4   , as shown in  FIG.  28   , which is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method includes following steps. 
     Step S 1 : a to-be-cut display panel is formed. 
     Step S 2 : the to-be-cut display panel is cut to form a display panel. 
     As shown in  FIG.  29   , which is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, the step S 1  may further include following steps. 
     Step S 11 : an organic layer  4  located in the display area  1  and the non-display area  2  is formed at a side of the substrate  3 , and includes a first portion  6  located in the non-display area  2 . 
     Step S 12 : an organic layer protection structure  5  is formed on a surface of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 . The organic layer protection structure  5  is a earliest formed layer after forming the organic layer  4 . The organic layer protection structure  5  includes a first structure  51  located in the display area  1  and a second structure  52  located in the non-display area  2 . In a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate  3 , the second structure  52  overlaps the first portion  6 , and the first structure  51  and the second structure  52  are in direct contact with the organic layer  4 . The organic layer protection structure  5  includes a plurality of hollow structures  22 . 
     In the manufacturing method described above, after the organic layer  4  is formed, firstly, an organic layer protection structure  5  capable of shielding the organic layer  4  is formed by a film forming process, so that the portion of the organic layer  4  that is shielded is not exposed any more while other layers are formed subsequently. At this time, the organic layer  4  is only exposed outside in a very short time period, i.e., after the organic layer  4  is formed and before the organic layer protection structure  5  is formed, so that the duration of the exposure of the organic layer protection structure  5  during the whole process is effectively reduced, and in particular, the duration of the exposure of the first portion  6  of the organic layer  4  is reduced. Furthermore, the organic layer protection structure  5  may also block water and oxygen from entering the organic layer  4  during subsequent other manufacturing processes, thereby significantly reducing moisture absorbed by the organic layer  4  during the manufacturing process of the display panel. 
     In addition, as mentioned above, the organic layer  4  is usually formed by a coating process in which bubbles are easily generated. In an embodiment, by providing the hollow structures  22  in the organic layer protection structure  5 , the hollow structure  22  can be used to release the water vapor decomposed and absorbed by the organic layer  4  itself and the water vapor generated by the organic layer  4  in a subsequent high-temperature process, thereby reducing the influence of the water vapor on other layers. 
     In summary, using the embodiments of the present disclosure, not only the moisture absorbed by the organic layer  4  during the manufacturing process can be effectively reduced, but also the gas generated by the organic layer  4  itself and the moisture absorbed during the manufacturing process can be further released, so as to effectively improve the subsequent film release problem. 
     Before forming the organic layer  4 , the transistor layer  12  may be further formed, which is not elaborated herein. 
     In an embodiment, in conjunction with  FIG.  5   , as shown in  FIG.  30   , which is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, step S 12  may include following steps. 
     Step S 121 : a protection layer  31  is formed on a surface of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate  3 , in which a forming material of the protection layer  31  includes a conductive material. 
     Step S 122 : the protection layer  31  is etched to form a first structure  51  located in the non-display area  2  and a second structure  52  located in the display area  1 , in which the first structure  51  is reused as the first electrode  7 . 
     In such an arrangement manner, since the protection layer  31  has conductive properties, the first structures  51  formed by etching the protection layer  31  can be reused into the first electrode  7  in the display panel. On the one hand, in the manufacturing process, the first electrode  7  and the second structure  52  are formed together. At this time, it is only necessary to adjust the pattern of the mask plate corresponding to the original first electrode  7  without adding additional processes, thereby achieving a simple manufacturing process of the display panel. On the other hand, the first electrode  7  and the first structure  51  only need to occupy one layer thickness, one layer thickness, and it is more advantageous to achieve the light-thin design of the display panel. 
     In an embodiment, in conjunction with  FIG.  19   , the process of forming the organic layer protection structure  5  includes: forming a second structure  52  on a surface of the organic layer  4  facing away from the substrate, in which the material of the second structure  52  includes silicon nitride. Since silicon nitride has better anti-moisture and anti-static properties, forming the second structure  52  by silicon nitride can further make the display panel have better anti-moisture and anti-static properties. 
     In an embodiment, referring again to  FIG.  30   , step  51  further includes following steps. 
     Step S 13 : an electrode insulation layer  8  is formed at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 . The electrode insulation layer  8  includes a first insulation portion  25 , in which the forming material of the first insulation portion  25  includes silicon oxide. 
     Step S 14 : a second electrode  9  is formed at a side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . 
     Since the silicon oxide has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient and a smaller Young&#39;s modulus than the silicon nitride, the residual stress of the layer formed by silicon nitride is smaller. Forming the first insulation portion  25  in the display area  1  by silicon oxide can reduced the residual stress of the portion of the electrode insulation layer  8  in the display area  1 , so that the risk of detachment of the electrode insulation layer  8  in the display area  1 , thereby improving display reliability. 
     In an embodiment, in conjunction with  FIG.  23   , as shown in  FIG.  31   , which is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, step  51  further includes following steps. 
     Step S 13 ′: an electrode insulation layer  8  having an opening  30  is formed at a side of the first electrode  7  facing away from the substrate  3 , and the opening  30  is an annular opening surrounding the display area  1 . 
     Step S 14 ′: a second electrode  9  is formed at a side of the electrode insulation layer  8  facing away from the substrate  3 . 
     In combination with the aforementioned analysis, by providing the opening  30  surrounding the display area  1  on the electrode insulation layer  8 , the film strain of the display panel may be reduced to a greater extent, thereby improving the layer detachment problem of the display panel to a greater extent. 
       FIG.  32    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and  FIG.  33    is a schematic diagram of a panel stress model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in  FIGS.  32  and  33   , step S 13 ′ may include following steps. 
     Step S 131 ′: a panel stress model is built according to structural design parameters and process design parameters of the display panel. 
     S 132 ′: a plurality of isostrain lines  33  is acquired according to the panel stress model, and a position where at least one of the isostrain lines  33  is located is set as a first position. 
     S 133 ′: an electrode insulation layer  8  is formed, and an opening  30  is formed at the first position. 
     The stress experienced by the display panel is uniform at the positions of the isostrain lines  33 , so that setting the position of the opening  30  in the electrode insulation layer  8  according to the isostrain lines  33  can improve the stress uniformity at the position where the opening  30  is located, cracks and the like are less prone to occur at the layer located at the opening  30 . 
       FIG.  34    is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a display panel according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, as shown in  FIG.  34   , in conjunction with  FIG.  33   , step S 2  may further include following steps. 
     Step S 21 : a panel stress model is built according to structural design parameters and process design parameters of the display panel. 
     Step S 22 : a plurality of isostrain lines  33  is acquired according to the panel stress model, and a position where one of the isostrain lines  33  is located is set as a second position. 
     Step S 23 : the to-be-cut display panel is cut along the second position to form the display panel. 
     After obtaining the plurality of isostrain lines  33 , the position at which one isostrain line  33  is located may be selected to be the second position according to the design size of the display panel, e. g., when the design size of the display panel is large, the to-be-cut display panel may be cut along the outermost isostrain line  33 . 
     Since the stress of the panel to be displayed is uniform at the positions where the isostrain lines  33  are located, cutting the to-be-cut display panel along the isostrain line  33  may reduce the risk of cracks of the display panel developing during the cutting process. 
     In view of the same inventive concept, the present disclosure further provides a display apparatus as shown in  FIG.  35   , which is a structural schematic diagram of the display apparatus provided in the present disclosure. The display apparatus includes the above-mentioned display panel. The specific structure of the display panel  100  has been described in detail in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated herein. It may be appreciated that the display apparatus shown in  FIG.  35    is merely a schematic illustration, and the display apparatus may be any electronic device having a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, an electric paper book, or an in-vehicle product. 
     The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, which, as mentioned above, are not used to limit the present disclosure. Whatever within the principles of the present disclosure, including any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc., shall fall into the protection scope of the present disclosure. 
     Finally, it should be noted that the technical solutions of the present disclosure are illustrated by the above embodiments, but not intended to limit thereto. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that the present disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and can make various obvious modifications, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.