Patent Publication Number: US-2023164693-A1

Title: Configurable Power Saving Signal with Multiple Functionalities in 5G NR

Description:
PRIORITY DATA 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/835,579, filed Mar. 31, 2020, which claims benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/827,810, filed Apr. 1, 2019, and U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/828,735, filed Apr. 3, 2019, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety as though fully and completely set forth herein. 
     The claims in the instant application are different than those of the parent application and/or other related applications. The Applicant therefore rescinds any disclaimer of claim scope made in the parent application and/or any predecessor application in relation to the instant application. Any such previous disclaimer and the cited references that it was made to avoid, may need to be revisited. Further, any disclaimer made in the instant application should not be read into or against the parent application and/or other related applications. 
    
    
     FIELD 
     The present application relates to wireless devices, and more particularly to apparatus, systems, and methods for a wireless device to perform a variety of cellular communication techniques. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART 
     Wireless communication systems are rapidly growing in usage. In recent years, wireless devices such as smart phones and tablet computers have become increasingly sophisticated. In addition to supporting telephone calls, many mobile devices now provide access to the internet, email, text messaging, and navigation using the global positioning system (GPS), and are capable of operating sophisticated applications that utilize these functionalities. Additionally, there exist numerous different wireless communication technologies and standards. Some examples of wireless communication standards include GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE Advanced (LTE-A), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), IEEE 802.11 (WLAN or Wi-Fi), BLUETOOTH™, etc. 
     The ever-increasing number of features and functionality introduced in wireless communication devices also creates a continuous need for improvement in both wireless communications and in wireless communication devices. To increase coverage and better serve the increasing demand and range of envisioned uses of wireless communication, in addition to the communication standards mentioned above, there are further wireless communication technologies under development, including fifth generation ( 5 G) new radio (NR) communication. Accordingly, improvements in the field in support of such development and design are desired. 
     SUMMARY 
     Embodiments relate to apparatuses, systems, and methods to configure a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks. 
     The techniques described herein may be implemented in and/or used with a number of different types of devices, including but not limited to cellular phones, tablet computers, wearable computing devices, portable media players, and any of various other computing devices. 
     In some embodiments, a wireless device may perform a method for power savings via a power saving signal received from a base station. The method may include the wireless device transmitting, to the base station within a network, power savings requirements and receiving, from the base station, a configuration of a power saving signal, wherein the configuration indicates one or more functionalities of the power saving signal. The method may also include the wireless device periodically receiving, from the base station, the power saving signal and interpreting the power saving signal based on the configuration. In some embodiments, the configuration of the power saving signal may be received via radio resource control signaling. In some embodiments, the configuration may be pre-defined (or pre-configured, e.g., via standardization) or the configuration may be negotiated between the wireless device and the base station. The negotiation may include the wireless device requesting a minimum gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, a parameter included in the power saving signal may indicate a gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal that is greater than or equal to the minimum gap. 
     In some embodiments, the one or more functionalities include at least one of a power saving signal functioning as a wake-up signal, a power saving signal functioning as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring skipping signal, a power saving signal functioning as a PDCCH monitoring periodicity change signal, a power saving signal functioning as a bandwidth part (BWP) switching indicator, a power saving signal functioning as a maximum number of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layer indicator; a power saving signal functioning as a minimum K0 indicator, where K0 indicates a number of slots between a slot scheduled for the PDCCH and a slot scheduled for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and/or a power saving signal functioning as a secondary cell control indicator. 
     This Summary is intended to provide a brief overview of some of the subject matter described in this document. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described features are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the subject matter described herein in any way. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the subject matter described herein will become apparent from the following Detailed Description, Figures, and Claims. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A better understanding of the present subject matter can be obtained when the following detailed description of various embodiments is considered in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: 
         FIG.  1 A  illustrates an example wireless communication system according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  1 B  illustrates an example of a base station (BS) and an access point in communication with a user equipment (UE) device according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a WLAN Access Point (AP), according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  3    illustrates an example block diagram of a UE according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  4    illustrates an example block diagram of a BS according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  5    illustrates an example block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  6 A  illustrates an example of connections between an EPC network, an LTE base station (eNB), and a 5G NR base station (gNB). 
         FIG.  6 B  illustrates an example of a protocol stack for an eNB and a gNB. 
         FIG.  7 A  illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both 3GPP (e.g., cellular) and non-3GPP (e.g., non-cellular) access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  7 B  illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both dual 3GPP (e.g., LTE and 5G NR) access and non-3GPP access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  8    illustrates an example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  9    illustrates an example monitoring a power saving signal, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  10 A- 10 D  illustrate examples of monitoring a power saving signal configured as a wake-up signal, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  11 A- 11 C  illustrate examples of monitoring a power saving signal configured as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  12 A- 12 C  illustrate examples of monitoring a power saving signal configured as a PDCCH monitoring periodicity change signal, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  13 A- 13 B  illustrate examples of monitoring a power saving signal configured as a wake-up signal and a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  14    illustrates examples of possible values of a PS signal and associated indications for p-cell and s-cell control, according to some embodiments. 
         FIG.  15    illustrates examples of possible values of a PS signal and associated indications for p-cell and s-cell control, according to some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  16 - 18    illustrate examples of block diagrams of methods for configuring a power savings signal, according to some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     While the features described herein may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the drawings and detailed description thereto are not intended to be limiting to the particular form disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the subject matter as defined by the appended claims. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Terms 
     The following is a glossary of terms used in this disclosure: 
     Memory Medium—Any of various types of non-transitory memory devices or storage devices. The term “memory medium” is intended to include an installation medium, e.g., a CD-ROM, floppy disks, or tape device; a computer system memory or random-access memory such as DRAM, DDR RAM, SRAM, EDO RAM, Rambus RAM, etc.; a non-volatile memory such as a Flash, magnetic media, e.g., a hard drive, or optical storage; registers, or other similar types of memory elements, etc. The memory medium may include other types of non-transitory memory as well or combinations thereof. In addition, the memory medium may be located in a first computer system in which the programs are executed, or may be located in a second different computer system which connects to the first computer system over a network, such as the Internet. In the latter instance, the second computer system may provide program instructions to the first computer for execution. The term “memory medium” may include two or more memory mediums which may reside in different locations, e.g., in different computer systems that are connected over a network. The memory medium may store program instructions (e.g., embodied as computer programs) that may be executed by one or more processors. 
     Carrier Medium—a memory medium as described above, as well as a physical transmission medium, such as a bus, network, and/or other physical transmission medium that conveys signals such as electrical, electromagnetic, or digital signals. 
     Programmable Hardware Element—includes various hardware devices comprising multiple programmable function blocks connected via a programmable interconnect. Examples include FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays), PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), FPOAs (Field Programmable Object Arrays), and CPLDs (Complex PLDs). The programmable function blocks may range from fine grained (combinatorial logic or look up tables) to coarse grained (arithmetic logic units or processor cores). A programmable hardware element may also be referred to as “reconfigurable logic”. 
     Computer System—any of various types of computing or processing systems, including a personal computer system (PC), mainframe computer system, workstation, network appliance, Internet appliance, personal digital assistant (PDA), television system, grid computing system, or other device or combinations of devices. In general, the term “computer system” can be broadly defined to encompass any device (or combination of devices) having at least one processor that executes instructions from a memory medium. 
     User Equipment (UE) (or “UE Device”)—any of various types of computer systems or devices that are mobile or portable and that perform wireless communications. Examples of UE devices include mobile telephones or smart phones (e.g., iPhone™, Android™-based phones), portable gaming devices (e.g., Nintendo DS™, PlayStation Portable™, Gameboy Advance™, iPhone™), laptops, wearable devices (e.g. smart watch, smart glasses), PDAs, portable Internet devices, music players, data storage devices, or other handheld devices, etc. In general, the term “UE” or “UE device” can be broadly defined to encompass any electronic, computing, and/or telecommunications device (or combination of devices) which is easily transported by a user and capable of wireless communication. 
     Wireless Device—any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform wireless communications. A wireless device can be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location. A UE is an example of a wireless device. 
     Communication Device—any of various types of computer systems or devices that perform communications, where the communications can be wired or wireless. A communication device can be portable (or mobile) or may be stationary or fixed at a certain location. A wireless device is an example of a communication device. A UE is another example of a communication device. 
     Base Station—The term “Base Station” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a wireless communication station installed at a fixed location and used to communicate as part of a wireless telephone system or radio system. 
     Processing Element—refers to various elements or combinations of elements that are capable of performing a function in a device, such as a user equipment or a cellular network device. Processing elements may include, for example: processors and associated memory, portions or circuits of individual processor cores, entire processor cores, processor arrays, circuits such as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), programmable hardware elements such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), as well any of various combinations of the above. 
     Channel—a medium used to convey information from a sender (transmitter) to a receiver. It should be noted that since characteristics of the term “channel” may differ according to different wireless protocols, the term “channel” as used herein may be considered as being used in a manner that is consistent with the standard of the type of device with reference to which the term is used. In some standards, channel widths may be variable (e.g., depending on device capability, band conditions, etc.). For example, LTE may support scalable channel bandwidths from 1.4 MHz to 20 MHz. In contrast, WLAN channels may be 22 MHz wide while Bluetooth channels may be 1 Mhz wide. Other protocols and standards may include different definitions of channels. Furthermore, some standards may define and use multiple types of channels, e.g., different channels for uplink or downlink and/or different channels for different uses such as data, control information, etc. 
     Band—The term “band” has the full breadth of its ordinary meaning, and at least includes a section of spectrum (e.g., radio frequency spectrum) in which channels are used or set aside for the same purpose. 
     Automatically—refers to an action or operation performed by a computer system (e.g., software executed by the computer system) or device (e.g., circuitry, programmable hardware elements, ASICs, etc.), without user input directly specifying or performing the action or operation. Thus, the term “automatically” is in contrast to an operation being manually performed or specified by the user, where the user provides input to directly perform the operation. An automatic procedure may be initiated by input provided by the user, but the subsequent actions that are performed “automatically” are not specified by the user, i.e., are not performed “manually”, where the user specifies each action to perform. For example, a user filling out an electronic form by selecting each field and providing input specifying information (e.g., by typing information, selecting check boxes, radio selections, etc.) is filling out the form manually, even though the computer system must update the form in response to the user actions. The form may be automatically filled out by the computer system where the computer system (e.g., software executing on the computer system) analyzes the fields of the form and fills in the form without any user input specifying the answers to the fields. As indicated above, the user may invoke the automatic filling of the form, but is not involved in the actual filling of the form (e.g., the user is not manually specifying answers to fields but rather they are being automatically completed). The present specification provides various examples of operations being automatically performed in response to actions the user has taken. 
     Approximately—refers to a value that is almost correct or exact. For example, approximately may refer to a value that is within 1 to 10 percent of the exact (or desired) value. It should be noted, however, that the actual threshold value (or tolerance) may be application dependent. For example, in some embodiments, “approximately” may mean within 0.1% of some specified or desired value, while in various other embodiments, the threshold may be, for example, 2%, 3%, 5%, and so forth, as desired or as required by the particular application. 
     Concurrent—refers to parallel execution or performance, where tasks, processes, or programs are performed in an at least partially overlapping manner. For example, concurrency may be implemented using “strong” or strict parallelism, where tasks are performed (at least partially) in parallel on respective computational elements, or using “weak parallelism”, where the tasks are performed in an interleaved manner, e.g., by time multiplexing of execution threads. 
     Configured to—Various components may be described as “configured to” perform a task or tasks. In such contexts, “configured to” is a broad recitation generally meaning “having structure that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently performing that task (e.g., a set of electrical conductors may be configured to electrically connect a module to another module, even when the two modules are not connected). In some contexts, “configured to” may be a broad recitation of structure generally meaning “having circuitry that” performs the task or tasks during operation. As such, the component can be configured to perform the task even when the component is not currently on. In general, the circuitry that forms the structure corresponding to “configured to” may include hardware circuits. 
     Various components may be described as performing a task or tasks, for convenience in the description. Such descriptions should be interpreted as including the phrase “configured to.” Reciting a component that is configured to perform one or more tasks is expressly intended not to invoke 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) interpretation for that component. 
     FIGS.  1 A and  1 B—Communication Systems 
       FIG.  1 A  illustrates a simplified example wireless communication system, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the system of  FIG.  1    is merely one example of a possible system, and that features of this disclosure may be implemented in any of various systems, as desired. 
     As shown, the example wireless communication system includes a base station  102 A which communicates over a transmission medium with one or more user devices  106 A,  106 B, etc., through  106 N. Each of the user devices may be referred to herein as a “user equipment” (UE). Thus, the user devices  106  are referred to as UEs or UE devices. 
     The base station (BS)  102 A may be a base transceiver station (BTS) or cell site (a “cellular base station”) and may include hardware that enables wireless communication with the UEs  106 A through  106 N. 
     The communication area (or coverage area) of the base station may be referred to as a “cell.” The base station  102 A and the UEs  106  may be configured to communicate over the transmission medium using any of various radio access technologies (RATs), also referred to as wireless communication technologies, or telecommunication standards, such as GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), 5G new radio (5G NR), HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, NEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc. Note that if the base station  102 A is implemented in the context of LTE, it may alternately be referred to as an ‘eNodeB’ or ‘eNB’. Note that if the base station  102 A is implemented in the context of 5G NR, it may alternately be referred to as ‘gNodeB’ or ‘gNB’. 
     As shown, the base station  102 A may also be equipped to communicate with a network  100  (e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider, a telecommunication network such as a public switched telephone network (PSTN), and/or the Internet, among various possibilities). Thus, the base station  102 A may facilitate communication between the user devices and/or between the user devices and the network  100 . In particular, the cellular base station  102 A may provide UEs  106  with various telecommunication capabilities, such as voice, SMS and/or data services. 
     Base station  102 A and other similar base stations (such as base stations  102 B . . .  102 N) operating according to the same or a different cellular communication standard may thus be provided as a network of cells, which may provide continuous or nearly continuous overlapping service to UEs  106 A-N and similar devices over a geographic area via one or more cellular communication standards. 
     Thus, while base station  102 A may act as a “serving cell” for UEs  106 A-N as illustrated in  FIG.  1   , each UE  106  may also be capable of receiving signals from (and possibly within communication range of) one or more other cells (which might be provided by base stations  102 B-N and/or any other base stations), which may be referred to as “neighboring cells”. Such cells may also be capable of facilitating communication between user devices and/or between user devices and the network  100 . Such cells may include “macro” cells, “micro” cells, “pico” cells, and/or cells which provide any of various other granularities of service area size. For example, base stations  102 A-B illustrated in  FIG.  1    might be macro cells, while base station  102 N might be a micro cell. Other configurations are also possible. 
     In some embodiments, base station  102 A may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In some embodiments, a gNB may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, a gNB cell may include one or more transmission and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs. 
     Note that a UE  106  may be capable of communicating using multiple wireless communication standards. For example, the UE  106  may be configured to communicate using a wireless networking (e.g., Wi-Fi) and/or peer-to-peer wireless communication protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi peer-to-peer, etc.) in addition to at least one cellular communication protocol (e.g., GSM, UMTS (associated with, for example, WCDMA or TD-SCDMA air interfaces), LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR, HSPA, 3GPP2 CDMA2000 (e.g., 1xRTT, 1xEV-DO, HRPD, eHRPD), etc.). The UE  106  may also or alternatively be configured to communicate using one or more global navigational satellite systems (GNSS, e.g., GPS or GLONASS), one or more mobile television broadcasting standards (e.g., ATSC-M/H or DVB-H), and/or any other wireless communication protocol, if desired. Other combinations of wireless communication standards (including more than two wireless communication standards) are also possible. 
       FIG.  1 B  illustrates user equipment  106  (e.g., one of the devices  106 A through  106 N) in communication with a base station  102  and an access point  112 , according to some embodiments. The UE  106  may be a device with both cellular communication capability and non-cellular communication capability (e.g., Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and so forth) such as a mobile phone, a hand-held device, a computer or a tablet, or virtually any type of wireless device. 
     The UE  106  may include a processor that is configured to execute program instructions stored in memory. The UE  106  may perform any of the method embodiments described herein by executing such stored instructions. Alternatively, or in addition, the UE  106  may include a programmable hardware element such as an FPGA (field-programmable gate array) that is configured to perform any of the method embodiments described herein, or any portion of any of the method embodiments described herein. 
     The UE  106  may include one or more antennas for communicating using one or more wireless communication protocols or technologies. In some embodiments, the UE  106  may be configured to communicate using, for example, CDMA2000 (1xRTT/1xEV-DO/HRPD/eHRPD), LTE/LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using a single shared radio and/or GSM, LTE, LTE-Advanced, or 5G NR using the single shared radio. The shared radio may couple to a single antenna, or may couple to multiple antennas (e.g., for MIMO) for performing wireless communications. In general, a radio may include any combination of a baseband processor, analog RF signal processing circuitry (e.g., including filters, mixers, oscillators, amplifiers, etc.), or digital processing circuitry (e.g., for digital modulation as well as other digital processing). Similarly, the radio may implement one or more receive and transmit chains using the aforementioned hardware. For example, the UE  106  may share one or more parts of a receive and/or transmit chain between multiple wireless communication technologies, such as those discussed above. 
     In some embodiments, the UE  106  may include separate transmit and/or receive chains (e.g., including separate antennas and other radio components) for each wireless communication protocol with which it is configured to communicate. As a further possibility, the UE  106  may include one or more radios which are shared between multiple wireless communication protocols, and one or more radios which are used exclusively by a single wireless communication protocol. For example, the UE  106  might include a shared radio for communicating using either of LTE or 5G NR (or LTE or 1xRTTor LTE or GSM), and separate radios for communicating using each of Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Other configurations are also possible. 
     FIG.  2 —Access Point Block Diagram 
       FIG.  2    illustrates an exemplary block diagram of an access point (AP)  112 . It is noted that the block diagram of the AP of  FIG.  2    is only one example of a possible system. As shown, the AP  112  may include processor(s)  204  which may execute program instructions for the AP  112 . The processor(s)  204  may also be coupled (directly or indirectly) to memory management unit (MMU)  240 , which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s)  204  and to translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory  260  and read only memory (ROM)  250 ) or to other circuits or devices. 
     The AP  112  may include at least one network port  270 . The network port  270  may be configured to couple to a wired network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UEs  106 , access to the Internet. For example, the network port  270  (or an additional network port) may be configured to couple to a local network, such as a home network or an enterprise network. For example, port  270  may be an Ethernet port. The local network may provide connectivity to additional networks, such as the Internet. 
     The AP  112  may include at least one antenna  234 , which may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE  106  via wireless communication circuitry  230 . The antenna  234  communicates with the wireless communication circuitry  230  via communication chain  232 . Communication chain  232  may include one or more receive chains, one or more transmit chains or both. The wireless communication circuitry  230  may be configured to communicate via Wi-Fi or WLAN, e.g., 802.11. The wireless communication circuitry  230  may also, or alternatively, be configured to communicate via various other wireless communication technologies, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, Long-Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Advanced (LTE-A), Global System for Mobile (GSM), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), CDMA2000, etc., for example when the AP is co-located with a base station in case of a small cell, or in other instances when it may be desirable for the AP  112  to communicate via various different wireless communication technologies. 
     In some embodiments, as further described below, an AP  112  may be configured to implement methods for configuring a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks, e.g., as further described herein. 
       FIG.  3   —Block Diagram of a UE 
       FIG.  3    illustrates an example simplified block diagram of a communication device  106 , according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the communication device of  FIG.  3    is only one example of a possible communication device. According to embodiments, communication device  106  may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices. As shown, the communication device  106  may include a set of components  300  configured to perform core functions. For example, this set of components may be implemented as a system on chip (SOC), which may include portions for various purposes. Alternatively, this set of components  300  may be implemented as separate components or groups of components for the various purposes. The set of components  300  may be coupled (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to various other circuits of the communication device  106 . 
     For example, the communication device  106  may include various types of memory (e.g., including NAND flash  310 ), an input/output interface such as connector I/F  320  (e.g., for connecting to a computer system; dock; charging station; input devices, such as a microphone, camera, keyboard; output devices, such as speakers; etc.), the display  360 , which may be integrated with or external to the communication device  106 , and cellular communication circuitry  330  such as for 5G NR, LTE, GSM, etc., and short to medium range wireless communication circuitry  329  (e.g., Bluetooth™ and WLAN circuitry). In some embodiments, communication device  106  may include wired communication circuitry (not shown), such as a network interface card, e.g., for Ethernet. 
     The cellular communication circuitry  330  may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas  335  and  336  as shown. The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry  329  may also couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas  337  and  338  as shown. Alternatively, the short to medium range wireless communication circuitry  329  may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas  335  and  336  in addition to, or instead of, coupling (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to the antennas  337  and  338 . The short to medium range wireless communication circuitry  329  and/or cellular communication circuitry  330  may include multiple receive chains and/or multiple transmit chains for receiving and/or transmitting multiple spatial streams, such as in a multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) configuration. 
     In some embodiments, as further described below, cellular communication circuitry  330  may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). In addition, in some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry  330  may include a single transmit chain that may be switched between radios dedicated to specific RATs. For example, a first radio may be dedicated to a first RAT, e.g., LTE, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and a transmit chain shared with an additional radio, e.g., a second radio that may be dedicated to a second RAT, e.g., 5G NR, and may be in communication with a dedicated receive chain and the shared transmit chain. 
     The communication device  106  may also include and/or be configured for use with one or more user interface elements. The user interface elements may include any of various elements, such as display  360  (which may be a touchscreen display), a keyboard (which may be a discrete keyboard or may be implemented as part of a touchscreen display), a mouse, a microphone and/or speakers, one or more cameras, one or more buttons, and/or any of various other elements capable of providing information to a user and/or receiving or interpreting user input. 
     The communication device  106  may further include one or more smart cards  345  that include SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) functionality, such as one or more UICC(s) (Universal Integrated Circuit Card(s)) cards  345 . 
     As shown, the SOC  300  may include processor(s)  302 , which may execute program instructions for the communication device  106  and display circuitry  304 , which may perform graphics processing and provide display signals to the display  360 . The processor(s)  302  may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU)  340 , which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s)  302  and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory  306 , read only memory (ROM)  350 , NAND flash memory  310 ) and/or to other circuits or devices, such as the display circuitry  304 , short range wireless communication circuitry  229 , cellular communication circuitry  330 , connector I/F  320 , and/or display  360 . The MMU  340  may be configured to perform memory protection and page table translation or set up. In some embodiments, the MMU  340  may be included as a portion of the processor(s)  302 . 
     As noted above, the communication device  106  may be configured to communicate using wireless and/or wired communication circuitry. The communication device  106  may be configured to perform methods for configuring a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks, e.g., as further described herein. 
     As described herein, the communication device  106  may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for a communication device  106  to communicate a scheduling profile for power savings to a network. The processor  302  of the communication device  106  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor  302  may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor  302  of the communication device  106 , in conjunction with one or more of the other components  300 ,  304 ,  306 ,  310 ,  320 ,  329 ,  330 ,  340 ,  345 ,  350 ,  360  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein. 
     In addition, as described herein, processor  302  may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processor  302  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor  302 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s)  302 . 
     Further, as described herein, cellular communication circuitry  330  and short-range wireless communication circuitry  329  may each include one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in cellular communication circuitry  330  and, similarly, one or more processing elements may be included in short range wireless communication circuitry  329 . Thus, cellular communication circuitry  330  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry  330 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of cellular communication circuitry  230 . Similarly, the short-range wireless communication circuitry  329  may include one or more ICs that are configured to perform the functions of short-range wireless communication circuitry  32 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of short-range wireless communication circuitry  329 . 
     FIG.  4 —Block Diagram of a Base Station 
       FIG.  4    illustrates an example block diagram of a base station  102 , according to some embodiments. It is noted that the base station of  FIG.  4    is merely one example of a possible base station. As shown, the base station  102  may include processor(s)  404  which may execute program instructions for the base station  102 . The processor(s)  404  may also be coupled to memory management unit (MMU)  440 , which may be configured to receive addresses from the processor(s)  404  and translate those addresses to locations in memory (e.g., memory  460  and read only memory (ROM)  450 ) or to other circuits or devices. 
     The base station  102  may include at least one network port  470 . The network port  470  may be configured to couple to a telephone network and provide a plurality of devices, such as UE devices  106 , access to the telephone network as described above in  FIGS.  1  and  2   . 
     The network port  470  (or an additional network port) may also or alternatively be configured to couple to a cellular network, e.g., a core network of a cellular service provider. The core network may provide mobility related services and/or other services to a plurality of devices, such as UE devices  106 . In some cases, the network port  470  may couple to a telephone network via the core network, and/or the core network may provide a telephone network (e.g., among other UE devices serviced by the cellular service provider). 
     In some embodiments, base station  102  may be a next generation base station, e.g., a 5G New Radio (5G NR) base station, or “gNB”. In such embodiments, base station  102  may be connected to a legacy evolved packet core (EPC) network and/or to a NR core (NRC) network. In addition, base station  102  may be considered a 5G NR cell and may include one or more transmission and reception points (TRPs). In addition, a UE capable of operating according to 5G NR may be connected to one or more TRPs within one or more gNBs. 
     The base station  102  may include at least one antenna  434 , and possibly multiple antennas. The at least one antenna  434  may be configured to operate as a wireless transceiver and may be further configured to communicate with UE devices  106  via radio  430 . The antenna  434  communicates with the radio  430  via communication chain  432 . Communication chain  432  may be a receive chain, a transmit chain or both. The radio  430  may be configured to communicate via various wireless communication standards, including, but not limited to, 5G NR, LTE, LTE-A, GSM, UMTS, CDMA2000, Wi-Fi, etc. 
     The base station  102  may be configured to communicate wirelessly using multiple wireless communication standards. In some instances, the base station  102  may include multiple radios, which may enable the base station  102  to communicate according to multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, as one possibility, the base station  102  may include an LTE radio for performing communication according to LTE as well as a 5G NR radio for performing communication according to 5G NR. In such a case, the base station  102  may be capable of operating as both an LTE base station and a 5G NR base station. As another possibility, the base station  102  may include a multi-mode radio which is capable of performing communications according to any of multiple wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G NR and Wi-Fi, LTE and Wi-Fi, LTE and UMTS, LTE and CDMA2000, UMTS and GSM, etc.). 
     As described further subsequently herein, the BS  102  may include hardware and software components for implementing or supporting implementation of features described herein, e.g., for configuring a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks. The processor  404  of the base station  102  may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the methods described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively, the processor  404  may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or a combination thereof. Alternatively (or in addition) the processor  404  of the BS  102 , in conjunction with one or more of the other components  430 ,  432 ,  434 ,  440 ,  450 ,  460 ,  470  may be configured to implement or support implementation of part or all of the features described herein. 
     In addition, as described herein, processor(s)  404  may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in processor(s)  404 . Thus, processor(s)  404  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processor(s)  404 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processor(s)  404 . 
     Further, as described herein, radio  430  may be comprised of one or more processing elements. In other words, one or more processing elements may be included in radio  430 . Thus, radio  430  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of radio  430 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of radio  430 . 
     FIG.  5 : Block Diagram of Cellular Communication Circuitry 
       FIG.  5    illustrates an example simplified block diagram of cellular communication circuitry, according to some embodiments. It is noted that the block diagram of the cellular communication circuitry of  FIG.  5    is only one example of a possible cellular communication circuit. According to embodiments, cellular communication circuitry  330  may be include in a communication device, such as communication device  106  described above. As noted above, communication device  106  may be a user equipment (UE) device, a mobile device or mobile station, a wireless device or wireless station, a desktop computer or computing device, a mobile computing device (e.g., a laptop, notebook, or portable computing device), a tablet and/or a combination of devices, among other devices. 
     The cellular communication circuitry  330  may couple (e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly) to one or more antennas, such as antennas  335   a - b  and  336  as shown (in  FIG.  3   ). In some embodiments, cellular communication circuitry  330  may include dedicated receive chains (including and/or coupled to, e.g., communicatively; directly or indirectly. dedicated processors and/or radios) for multiple RATs (e.g., a first receive chain for LTE and a second receive chain for 5G NR). For example, as shown in  FIG.  5   , cellular communication circuitry  330  may include a modem  510  and a modem  520 . Modem  510  may be configured for communications according to a first RAT, e.g., such as LTE or LTE-A, and modem  520  may be configured for communications according to a second RAT, e.g., such as 5G NR. 
     As shown, modem  510  may include one or more processors  512  and a memory  516  in communication with processors  512 . Modem  510  may be in communication with a radio frequency (RF) front end  530 . RF front end  530  may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end  530  may include receive circuitry (RX)  532  and transmit circuitry (TX)  534 . In some embodiments, receive circuitry  532  may be in communication with downlink (DL) front end  550 , which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna  335   a.    
     Similarly, modem  520  may include one or more processors  522  and a memory  526  in communication with processors  522 . Modem  520  may be in communication with an RF front end  540 . RF front end  540  may include circuitry for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, RF front end  540  may include receive circuitry  542  and transmit circuitry  544 . In some embodiments, receive circuitry  542  may be in communication with DL front end  560 , which may include circuitry for receiving radio signals via antenna  335   b.    
     In some embodiments, a switch  570  may couple transmit circuitry  534  to uplink (UL) front end  572 . In addition, switch  570  may couple transmit circuitry  544  to UL front end  572 . UL front end  572  may include circuitry for transmitting radio signals via antenna  336 . Thus, when cellular communication circuitry  330  receives instructions to transmit according to the first RAT (e.g., as supported via modem  510 ), switch  570  may be switched to a first state that allows modem  510  to transmit signals according to the first RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry  534  and UL front end  572 ). Similarly, when cellular communication circuitry  330  receives instructions to transmit according to the second RAT (e.g., as supported via modem  520 ), switch  570  may be switched to a second state that allows modem  520  to transmit signals according to the second RAT (e.g., via a transmit chain that includes transmit circuitry  544  and UL front end  572 ). 
     In some embodiments, the cellular communication circuitry  330  may be configured to perform methods for defining and using a resource map for semi-persistent resource reservations/scheduling for unicast and/or groupcast communications in V2X (vehicle to everything) networks, e.g., as further described herein. 
     As described herein, the modem  510  may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features or for time division multiplexing UL data for NSA NR operations, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors  512  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor  512  may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor  512 , in conjunction with one or more of the other components  530 ,  532 ,  534 ,  550 ,  570 ,  572 ,  335  and  336  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein. 
     In addition, as described herein, processors  512  may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors  512  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors  512 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors  512 . 
     As described herein, the modem  520  may include hardware and software components for implementing the above features for communicating a scheduling profile for power savings to a network, as well as the various other techniques described herein. The processors  522  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein, e.g., by executing program instructions stored on a memory medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium). Alternatively (or in addition), processor  522  may be configured as a programmable hardware element, such as an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or as an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit). Alternatively (or in addition) the processor  522 , in conjunction with one or more of the other components  540 ,  542 ,  544 ,  550 ,  570 ,  572 ,  335  and  336  may be configured to implement part or all of the features described herein. 
     In addition, as described herein, processors  522  may include one or more processing elements. Thus, processors  522  may include one or more integrated circuits (ICs) that are configured to perform the functions of processors  522 . In addition, each integrated circuit may include circuitry (e.g., first circuitry, second circuitry, etc.) configured to perform the functions of processors  522 . 
     5G NR Architecture with LTE 
     In some implementations, fifth generation (5G) wireless communication will initially be deployed concurrently with current wireless communication standards (e.g., LTE). For example, dual connectivity between LTE and 5G new radio (5G NR or NR) has been specified as part of the initial deployment of NR. Thus, as illustrated in  FIGS.  6 A-B , evolved packet core (EPC) network  600  may continue to communicate with current LTE base stations (e.g., eNB  602 ). In addition, eNB  602  may be in communication with a 5G NR base station (e.g., gNB  604 ) and may pass data between the EPC network  600  and gNB  604 . Thus, EPC network  600  may be used (or reused) and gNB  604  may serve as extra capacity for UEs, e.g., for providing increased downlink throughput to UEs. In other words, LTE may be used for control plane signaling and NR may be used for user plane signaling. Thus, LTE may be used to establish connections to the network and NR may be used for data services. 
       FIG.  6 B  illustrates a proposed protocol stack for eNB  602  and gNB  604 . As shown, eNB  602  may include a medium access control (MAC) layer  632  that interfaces with radio link control (RLC) layers  622   a - b . RLC layer  622   a  may also interface with packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer  612   a  and RLC layer  622   b  may interface with PDCP layer  612   b.  Similar to dual connectivity as specified in LTE-Advanced Release  12 , PDCP layer  612   a  may interface via a master cell group (MCG) bearer to EPC network  600  whereas PDCP layer  612   b  may interface via a split bearer with EPC network  600 . 
     Additionally, as shown, gNB  604  may include a MAC layer  634  that interfaces with RLC layers  624   a - b . RLC layer  624   a  may interface with PDCP layer  612   b  of eNB  602  via an X 2  interface for information exchange and/or coordination (e.g., scheduling of a UE) between eNB  602  and gNB  604 . In addition, RLC layer  624   b  may interface with PDCP layer  614 . Similar to dual connectivity as specified in LTE-Advanced Release 12, PDCP layer  614  may interface with EPC network  600  via a secondary cell group (SCG) bearer. Thus, eNB  602  may be considered a master node (MeNB) while gNB  604  may be considered a secondary node (SgNB). In some scenarios, a UE may be required to maintain a connection to both an MeNB and a SgNB. In such scenarios, the MeNB may be used to maintain a radio resource control (RRC) connection to an EPC while the SgNB may be used for capacity (e.g., additional downlink and/or uplink throughput). 
     5G Core Network Architecture—Interworking with Wi-Fi 
     In some embodiments, the 5G core network (CN) may be accessed via (or through) a cellular connection/interface (e.g., via a 3GPP communication architecture/protocol) and a non-cellular connection/interface (e.g., a non-3GPP access architecture/protocol such as Wi-Fi connection).  FIG.  7 A  illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both 3GPP (e.g., cellular) and non-3GPP (e.g., non-cellular) access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. As shown, a user equipment device (e.g., such as UE  106 ) may access the 5G CN through both a radio access network (RAN, e.g., such as gNB or base station  604 ) and an access point, such as AP  112 . The AP  112  may include a connection to the Internet  700  as well as a connection to a non-3GPP inter-working function (N3IWF)  702  network entity. The N3IWF may include a connection to a core access and mobility management function (AMF)  704  of the 5G CN. The AMF  704  may include an instance of a 5G mobility management (5G MM) function associated with the UE  106 . In addition, the RAN (e.g., gNB  604 ) may also have a connection to the AMF  704 . Thus, the 5G CN may support unified authentication over both connections as well as allow simultaneous registration for UE  106  access via both gNB  604  and AP  112 . As shown, the AMF  704  may include one or more functional entities associated with the 5G CN (e.g., network slice selection function (NSSF)  720 , short message service function (SMSF)  722 , application function (AF)  724 , unified data management (UDM)  726 , policy control function (PCF)  728 , and/or authentication server function (AUSF)  730 ). Note that these functional entities may also be supported by a session management function (SMF)  706   a  and an SMF  706   b  of the 5G CN. The AMF  706  may be connected to (or in communication with) the SMF  706   a.  Further, the gNB  604  may in communication with (or connected to) a user plane function (UPF)  708   a  that may also be communication with the SMF  706   a.  Similarly, the N3IWF  702  may be communicating with a UPF  708   b  that may also be communicating with the SMF  706   b.  Both UPFs may be communicating with the data network (e.g., DN  710   a  and  710   b ) and/or the Internet  700  and IMS core network  710 . 
       FIG.  7 B  illustrates an example of a 5G network architecture that incorporates both dual 3GPP (e.g., LTE and 5G NR) access and non-3GPP access to the 5G CN, according to some embodiments. As shown, a user equipment device (e.g., such as UE  106 ) may access the 5G CN through both a radio access network (RAN, e.g., such as gNB or base station  604  or eNB or base station  602 ) and an access point, such as AP  112 . The AP  112  may include a connection to the Internet  700  as well as a connection to the N3IWF  702  network entity. The N3IWF may include a connection to the AMF  704  of the 5G CN. The AMF  704  may include an instance of the 5G MM function associated with the UE  106 . In addition, the RAN (e.g., gNB  604 ) may also have a connection to the AMF  704 . Thus, the 5G CN may support unified authentication over both connections as well as allow simultaneous registration for UE  106  access via both gNB  604  and AP  112 . In addition, the 5G CN may support dual-registration of the UE on both a legacy network (e.g., LTE via base station  602 ) and a 5G network (e.g., via base station  604 ). As shown, the base station  602  may have connections to a mobility management entity (MME)  742  and a serving gateway (SGW)  744 . The MME  742  may have connections to both the SGW  744  and the AMF  704 . In addition, the SGW  744  may have connections to both the SMF  706   a  and the UPF  708   a.  As shown, the AMF  704  may include one or more functional entities associated with the 5G CN (e.g., NSSF  720 , SMSF  722 , AF  724 , UDM  726 , PCF  728 , and/or AUSF  730 ). Note that UDM  726  may also include a home subscriber server (HSS) function and the PCF may also include a policy and charging rules function (PCRF). Note further that these functional entities may also be supported by the SMF 706   a  and the SMF  706   b  of the 5G CN. The AMF  706  may be connected to (or in communication with) the SMF  706   a.  Further, the gNB  604  may in communication with (or connected to) the UPF  708   a  that may also be communication with the SMF  706   a.  Similarly, the N3IWF  702  may be communicating with a UPF  708   b  that may also be communicating with the SMF  706   b . Both UPFs may be communicating with the data network (e.g., DN  710   a  and  710   b ) and/or the Internet  700  and IMS core network  710 . 
     Note that in various embodiments, one or more of the above described network entities may be configured to perform methods to configure a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks, e.g., as further described herein. 
       FIG.  8    illustrates an example of a baseband processor architecture for a UE (e.g., such as UE  106 ), according to some embodiments. The baseband processor architecture  800  described in  FIG.  8    may be implemented on one or more radios (e.g., radios  329  and/or  330  described above) or modems (e.g., modems  510  and/or  520 ) as described above. As shown, the non-access stratum (NAS)  810  may include a 5G NAS  820  and a legacy NAS  850 . The legacy NAS  850  may include a communication connection with a legacy access stratum (AS)  870 . The 5G NAS  820  may include communication connections with both a 5G AS  840  and a non-3GPP AS  830  and Wi-Fi AS  832 . The 5G NAS  820  may include functional entities associated with both access stratums. Thus, the 5G NAS  820  may include multiple 5G MM entities  826  and  828  and 5G session management (SM) entities  822  and  824 . The legacy NAS  850  may include functional entities such as short message service (SMS) entity  852 , evolved packet system (EPS) session management (ESM) entity  854 , session management (SM) entity  856 , EPS mobility management (EMM) entity  858 , and mobility management (MM)/ GPRS mobility management (GMM) entity  860 . In addition, the legacy AS  870  may include functional entities such as LTE AS  872 , UMTS AS  874 , and/or GSM/GPRS AS  876 . 
     Thus, the baseband processor architecture  800  allows for a common 5G-NAS for both 5G cellular and non-cellular (e.g., non-3GPP access). Note that as shown, the 5G MM may maintain individual connection management and registration management state machines for each connection. Additionally, a device (e.g., UE  106 ) may register to a single PLMN (e.g., 5G CN) using 5G cellular access as well as non-cellular access. Further, it may be possible for the device to be in a connected state in one access and an idle state in another access and vice versa. Finally, there may be common 5G-MM procedures (e.g., registration, de-registration, identification, authentication, as so forth) for both accesses. 
     Note that in various embodiments, one or more of the above described elements may be configured to perform methods to implement mechanisms for configuring a power savings signal in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) networks, e.g., as further described herein. 
     Power Saving Indications 
     In some existing implementations, a mobile station, or UE, may have a limited amount of power, e.g., based on a size of an included battery. Thus, due to the size of the included battery, power consumption of the UE may be directly translated (or related) to talk time, stand by time, and/or usage time. In addition, as compared to legacy protocols (or RATs) such as LTE, Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR), which supports much wider bandwidth than LTE, is expected to consume more power. Further, since initial deployment of 5G NR will be based on a dual connectivity solution with LTE, power consumption will be further increased due to requiring both LTE and 5G NR radios to be on. Thus, power consumption reduction is needed. 
     For example, it has been acknowledged that UE power consumption in initial deployments of 5G NR (e.g., dual connectivity 5G NR-LTE) is unnecessarily high due to a variety of factors. As one example, physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring without a grant has been shown to unnecessarily increase power consumption in certain instances, such as PDCCH monitoring without a grant between packet arrival times and PDCCH monitoring without a grant during a connected mode discontinuous reception cycle (CDRX) “on” duration. Additionally, unnecessary power consumption has been shown when using too wide bandwidth for data arrival (e.g., the bandwidth used for data arrival is too wide as compared to an amount of data arriving). As another example, S-cells may be turned on for a longer time than necessary to fully utilize. In other words, S-cells may be under-utilized based on the duration that they are on. As a further example, usage of more multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layers than necessary leads to unnecessary power consumption since addition receive chains need to be powered to support the MIMO layers. 
     Embodiments described herein provide a configurable power saving signal (or channel) with multiple functionalities. In some embodiments, the functionalities of the configurable power saving signal may include any, any combination of, and/or all of a wake-up signal, a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal, a PDCCH monitoring periodicity change signal, a signal to trigger bandwidth switching, a signal to trigger maximum MIMO layer indication, a signal to trigger minimum K0 indicator, and/or a signal to trigger S-cell control. In some embodiments, the functionality of the configurable power saving signal may be determined by radio resource control (RRC) signaling depending on UE capability and needs. 
     For example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured as a wake-up signal (or channel). In some embodiments, the UE may be configured to monitor a power saving signal prior to an “on” period (or wakeup period) of a discontinuous reception cycle (DRX). Additionally, in some embodiments, a gap (e.g., a period of time) between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and a DRX “on” start time may be pre-configured (e.g., via signaling between a base station, such as gNB  604  and the UE). In some embodiments, the pre-configuration may involve a negotiation between the UE and a base station, such as gNB  604 . In some embodiments, the UE may request a minimum gap value and the base station may accommodate the UE with a gap time greater than or equal to the minimum gap value. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the gap time without input from the UE, e.g., based on a pre-configured and/or standardized value for the gap time. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG.  9   , a UE, such as UE  106 , may monitor a power saving signal (or channel), such as PS signal  910 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As discussed above, the base station may specify a gap  920  between detection of PS signal  910  and a start of a corresponding DRX on cycle, such as DRX on  912 . Further, as shown, if the UE does not detect PS signal  910  (e.g., shown as no PS signal  914 ), the UE may skip a correspond DRX on cycle (e.g., shown as DRX on skip  916 ). Thus, based upon detection (or lack of detection) of PS signal  910 , the UE may realize power savings. 
     In some embodiments, a PS signal may be further configured to include a parameter indicating the gap between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and a DRX “on” start time (e.g., as described above) and a parameter indicating a number of DRX “on” cycles to attend (in case of PS signal detection) or skip (in case of no PS signal detection). In such embodiments, a periodicity of the PS signal may be longer than a DRX cycle. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG.  10 A , a UE, such as UE  106 , may periodically monitor a power saving signal (or channel), such as PS signal  1010 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As discussed above, the base station may specify a gap (e.g., T  1020 ) between detection of PS signal  1010  and a start of a corresponding DRX on cycle, such as DRX on cycle  1012 . Additionally, the PS signal  1010  may include a parameter (e.g., N) indicating a number of DRX on cycles  1012  the UE is to perform. Further, as shown in  FIG.  10 B , if the UE does not detect PS signal  1010  (e.g., shown as no PS signal  1014 ), the UE may skip a corresponding number DRX on cycles (e.g., shown as DRX on skip  1016 ). Note that the number of DRX on cycles may be pre-configured (e.g., via RRC signaling) in at least some embodiments. Thus, based upon detection (or lack of detection) of PS signal  1010 , the UE may realize power savings. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG.  10 C , a UE may, during a DRX on cycle, perform PDCCH monitoring  1022  upon detection of a PS signal  1030 . During PDCCH monitoring  1022 , the UE may detect a downlink control index (DCI)  1024  indicating a scheduled PDSCH  1026 . Thus, in some embodiments, a data scheduling DCI may be used as a PS signal. For example, as illustrated by  FIG.  10 D , a base station, such as gNB  604 , may send a DCI for data scheduling instead of a PS signal. Thus, PS signal  1030  may be the data scheduling DCI and may include resource allocation information for corresponding PDSCH  1026 . Thus, upon receipt of the PS signal (or data scheduling DCI)  1030 , the UE may wakeup and may schedule both PDCCH monitoring  1022  and the PDSCH  1026  without receiving further scheduling information from the base station. In some embodiments, the UE may interpret (or understand) that the data scheduling DCI received during wake up signal monitoring occasion may include only K0 values larger than (greater than or equal to) the gap (e.g., T  1030 ) among all K0 values in a time domain resource allocation TDRA (table). 
     As another example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, if a UE detects such a power saving signal (or channel), the UE may skip scheduled monitoring of the PDCCH for a specified length of time. Additionally, in some embodiments, a gap (e.g., a period of time) between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and PDCCH monitoring skipping may be pre-configured (e.g., via signaling between a base station, such as gNB  604  and the UE). In some embodiments, the pre-configuration may involve a negotiation between the UE and a base station, such as gNB  604 . In some embodiments, the UE may request a minimum gap value and the base station may accommodate the UE with a gap time greater than or equal to the minimum gap value. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the gap time without input from the UE, e.g., based on a pre-configured and/or standardized value for the gap time. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG.  11 A , a UE, such as UE  106 , may monitor a power saving signal (or channel), such as PS signal  1122 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As discussed above, the base station may specify a gap  1120  (e.g., time period) between detection of PS signal  1122  and a start of a skipping period. Thus, as shown, upon detection of the PS signal  1122 , a UE may continue PDCCH monitoring  1110  for a gap  1120  before entering a sleep cycle (as specified by sleep time  1124 ) during which the UE skips PDCCH monitoring (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1112 ). 
     In some embodiments, a PS signal may be further configured to include a parameter indicating the gap between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and a PDCCH monitoring skipping period, a duration of a skipping period (e.g., a sleep duration) or an indication of a duration of a skipping period chosen from a plurality of durations of a skipping period, and an indication of a cell or set of cells (e.g., a primary (or master) cell and one or more secondary cells). For example, as illustrated by  FIG.  11 B , a UE, such as UE  106 , may receive a PS signal  1132  from a base station, such as gNB  604 . The PS signal  1132  may include a duration, T  1130 , until start of a sleep period, a sleep time  1134 , and an indication of whether the sleep period applies to p-cell  1104   a  and/or s-cell  1104   b.  As shown, the PS signal  1132  may indicate that the sleep period applies to s-cell  1104   b  and not to p-cell  1104   a.  Thus, the UE may continue PDCCH monitoring  1110  on p-cell  1104   a  while skipping PDCCH monitoring  1110  (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1112 ) for the sleep time  1134  on s-cell  1104   b.  As another example, as illustrated by  FIG.  11 C , a UE, such as UE  106 , may receive a PS signal  1142  from a base station, such as gNB  604 . The PS signal  1142  may include a duration, T  1140 , until start of a sleep period, a sleep time  1144 , and an indication of whether the sleep period applies to p-cell  1104   a  and/or s-cell  1104   b . As shown, the PS signal  1142  may indicate that the sleep period applies to s-cell  1104   b  and to p-cell  1104   a.  Thus, the UE may skip PDCCH monitoring  1110  (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1112 ) on p-cell  1104   a  and s-cell  1104   b  for the sleep time  1144 . 
     As another example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured as a PDCCH monitoring periodicity change signal. In some embodiments, if a UE detects such a power saving signal (or channel), the UE may switch its PDCCH monitoring periodicity for a specified length of time. Additionally, in some embodiments, a gap (e.g., a period of time) between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and PDCCH monitoring periodicity change may be pre-configured (e.g., via signaling between a base station, such as gNB  604  and the UE). In some embodiments, the pre-configuration may involve a negotiation between the UE and a base station, such as gNB  604 . In some embodiments, the UE may request a minimum gap value and the base station may accommodate the UE with a gap time greater than or equal to the minimum gap value. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the gap time without input from the UE, e.g., based on a pre-configured and/or standardized value for the gap time. 
     In some embodiments, as illustrated by  FIG.  12 A , a UE, such as UE  106 , may monitor a power saving signal (or channel), such as PS signal  1222 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As discussed above, the base station may specify a time period  1220  between detection of PS signal  1222  and a start of a change in PDCCH monitoring periodicity. Thus, as shown, upon detection of the PS signal  1222 , a UE may continue PDCCH monitoring  1210  for a time period  1220  (e.g., gap) before changing its PDCCH monitoring periodicity. Thus, the UE may skip monitoring of the PDCCH (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1212 ) based on the indicated periodicity. As shown, upon receiving PS signal  1224 , the UE may continue PDCCH monitoring based on PS signal  1222  for a time period  1220  before changing its PDCCH monitoring periodicity based on PS signal  1224 . 
     In some embodiments, a PS signal may be further configured to include a parameter indicating the gap between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and a change in PDCCH monitoring periodicity, a periodicity of PDCCH monitoring skipping or an indication of a periodicity chosen from a plurality of PDCCH monitoring periodicity, and an indication of a cell or set of cells (e.g., a primary (or master) cell and one or more secondary cells). For example, as illustrated by  FIG.  12 B , a UE, such as UE  106 , may receive a PS signal  1232  from a base station, such as gNB  604 . The PS signal  1232  may include a duration, T  1230 , until start of a change in PDCCH monitoring periodicity, an indication of the PDCCH monitoring periodicity, and an indication of whether the PDCCH monitoring periodicity applies to p-cell  1204   a  and/or s-cell  1204   b.  As shown, the PS signal  1232  may indicate that the change applies to s-cell  1204   b  and not to p-cell  1204   a.  Thus, the UE may continue PDCCH monitoring  1210  on p-cell  1204   a  while changing PDCCH monitoring  1210  (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1212 ) for s-cell  1204   b.  Further, as shown, upon receiving PS signal  1234 , the UE may continue PDCCH monitoring based on PS signal  1232  for a time period  1230  before changing its PDCCH monitoring periodicity for s-cell  1204   b  (e.g., as indicated by PS signal  1234 ) based on PS signal  1234 . As another example, as illustrated by  FIG.  12 C , a UE, such as UE  106 , may receive a PS signal  1242  from a base station, such as gNB  604 . The PS signal  1242  may include a duration, T  1240 , until start of a change in PDCCH monitoring periodicity, an indication of the PDCCH monitoring periodicity, and an indication of whether the PDCCH monitoring periodicity applies to p-cell  1204   a  and/or s-cell  1204   b.  As shown, the PS signal  1242  may indicate that the change applies to p-cell  1204   a  and s-cell  1204   b.  Thus, after time period  1240 , the UE change PDCCH monitoring  1210  (e.g., skip PDCCH monitoring  1212 ) for p-cell  1204   a  and s-cell  1204   b,  e.g., as indicated by PS signal  1242 . Further, as shown, upon receiving PS signal  1244 , the UE may continue PDCCH monitoring based on PS signal  1242  for the time period  1240  before changing its PDCCH monitoring periodicity for p-cell  1204   a  and s-cell  1204   b  (e.g., as indicated by PS signal  1244 ) based on PS signal  1244 . 
     As another example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured as a bandwidth part (BWP) switch indicator. In some embodiments, if the UE detects a PS signal indicating a different BWP, the UE may change its active BWP to to BWP indicated in the PS signal. In some embodiments, such a PS signal may trigger BWP switching in multiple cells. For example, PS signal based BWP switching could trigger change of an active BWP of a p-cell to a default BWP and an active BWP of one or more s-cells to their own default BWPs. In some embodiments, such switching of the BWP of the one or more s-cells this could be signaled explicitly or implicitly. In some embodiments, PS signal based BWP switching to p-cell&#39;s default BWP may also trigger deactivation/suspension of one or more s-cell(s). In some embodiments, a PS signal may be further configured to include a parameter indicating the gap between a PS signal monitoring occasion and a change in BWP. Additionally, in some embodiments, the gap (e.g., a period of time) between a power saving signal monitoring occasion and change in BWP may be pre-configured (e.g., via signaling between a base station, such as gNB  604  and the UE). In some embodiments, the pre-configuration may involve a negotiation between the UE and a base station, such as gNB  604 . In some embodiments, the UE may request a minimum gap value and the base station may accommodate the UE with a gap time greater than or equal to the minimum gap value. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the gap time without input from the UE, e.g., based on a pre-configured and/or standardized value for the gap time. 
     As another example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured to indicate a maximum number of MIMO layers (or maximum number of antennas to use for reception). In some embodiments, if UE detects a PS signal indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers, the UE may adjust its number of receive antennas and/and receive chains to reduce power consumption, e.g., based on the indicated maximum number of MIMO layers. In some embodiments, if the UE does not detect a PS signal indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers, then the UE may use a previously received indicated maximum value could be assumed if a most recent maximum number of MIMO layer indication by PS signal was received within a specified time period (e.g., a X ms, where, for example, X is between 1 and 100). In some embodiments, if the UE does not detect a PS signal indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers and if there was no prior PS signal indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers for within a specified time period (e.g., X ms, where X is, for example, between 1 and 100), then the UE may assume a default number of MIMO layers, e.g., as configured by RRC signaling. 
     As a further example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured to indicate a minimum K0 value (K0_min) per bandwidth part (BWP) per component carrier, where K0 may be define as time distance between PDCCH and corresponding PDSCH in slots. In other words, a PS signal may be configured to specify a minimum K0 value per BWP per component carrier, where K0 may define a number of slots (e.g., from 0 to n) between a slot scheduled for the PDCCH and a slot scheduled for PDSCH. In some embodiments, if the UE detects a PS signal indicating minimum K0 values per BWP per component carrier, then the UE may expect to receive PDSCH based on only time domain resource allocation (TDRA) entries with K0 values larger than the minimum K0. In some embodiments, if the UE detects a PS signal indicating minimum K0 values per BWP per component carrier, then the UE may add the minimum K0 value indicated in the PS signal to all K0 values in TDRA entries. In some embodiments, if the UE does not detect a PS indicating a minimum K0 value per BWP per component carrier, then the UE may continue to use a most recently signaled minimum K0 value per BWP per component carrier. 
     In some embodiments, to aid a base station, such as gNB  604 , in determination of correct K0 values, a UE, such as UE  106  may transmit (e.g., via RRC signaling) preferred K0 value per BWP and per component carrier to the base station. In addition, the UE may transmit a PDCCH decoding delay in each BWP in each component carrier to the base station. In such embodiments, the base station may determine K0 values based, at least in part, on the UE&#39;s transmitted preferences, subcarrier spacings of BWPs considered (e.g., BWPs preferred by the UE), PDCCH decoding delay (e.g., as specified by the UE) in the related BWPs, and/or whether the base station uses cross carrier scheduling. 
     As a further example, in some embodiments, a UE, such as UE  106 , may be configured to monitor a power saving (PS) signal (or channel) which may be configured to indicate secondary cell (s-cell) activation, deactivation, and/or suspension. In some embodiments, if a UE detects a PS signal indicating s-cell activation, the UE may activate an indicated s-cell (or s-cells). In some embodiments, if the UE detects a PS signal indicating s-cell deactivation, the UE may deactivate an indicated s-cell (or s-cells). In some embodiments, if the UE detects a PS signal indicating s-cell suspension, the UE may switch an indicated s-cell (or s-cells) in a suspend mode. Note that in some embodiments, a suspend mode may be defined as a mode in which the UE may not expect to receive any data transmission but in which the UE may still monitor downlink channel status monitoring related signaling such as CSI-RS. Additionally, in some embodiments, a gap (e.g., a period of time) between a power saving (PS) signal monitoring occasion and s-cell mode change may be pre-configured (e.g., via signaling between a base station, such as gNB  604  and the UE). In some embodiments, the pre-configuration may involve a negotiation between the UE and a base station, such as gNB  604 . In some embodiments, the UE may request a minimum gap value and the base station may accommodate the UE with a gap time greater than or equal to the minimum gap value. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the gap time without input from the UE, e.g., based on a pre-configured and/or standardized value for the gap time. 
     In some embodiments, one or more of the functionalities and/or configurations of a power saving (PS) signal described above may be configured simultaneously via radio resource control signaling between a UE, such as UE  106 , and a base station, such as gNB  604 , to support UE power savings. In some embodiments, if one or more functionalities/configurations are configured for a PS signal, then the PS signal may include (or carry) all associated parameters (or fields) until the PS signal is reconfigured. In other words, the PS signal may be configured to include any, any combination of, and/or all of the above described parameters/functionalities via RRC signaling. In addition, the PS signal may be reconfigured via RRC signaling to include any, any combination of, and/or all of the above described parameters/functionalities via RRC signaling. 
     For example, in some embodiments, a PS signal may be configured as a wake-up signal, a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator, a maximum number of MIMO layers indicator, and as an s-cell control. In such embodiments, a time gap between a wakeup signal and a start of a DRX “on” cycle (e.g., for PDCCH monitoring and/or PDSCH data reception) may accommodate UE activation of one or more s-cells (e.g., as indicated by the PS signal). Thus, the time gap may accommodate both UE modem warm up (e.g., for PDCCH monitoring and/or PDSCH data reception) and UE activation of the one or more s-cells. Thus, the PS signal may indicate whether UE needs to wake up, which BWP to monitor upon wake up, and a maximum number of MIMO layers in the indicated BWP in the indicates s-cells for activation. Note that applicability of the BWP indicator (or index) may depend on other jointly indicated signals, such as which s-cells are to be activated. 
     As another example, a PS signal may be configured as a wake-up signal and a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In such embodiments, the UE may interpret the PS signal based on a mode of the UE. Thus, if the UE is in an active mode (e.g., a DRX “on” cycle), the UE may interpret the PS signal as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. However, if the UE is not in the active mode (e.g., a DRX “off” cycle), the UE may interpret the PS signal as a wake-up signal. In other words, a functionality associated with the PS signal may be dependent upon a mode (or state) of the UE. Alternatively, in some embodiments, multiple PS signals may be configured via RRC signaling between a UE and a base station. In such embodiments, a first PS signal may be configured as a wake-up signal and a second PS signal may be configured as a PDCCH monitoring skipping indication. In such embodiments, a base station, such as gNB  604 , may transmit the first PS signal when a UE, such as UE  106 , is in a DRX “off” (or sleep) duration (or out of DRX “on” duration) and may transmit the second PS signal when the UE is in a DRX “on” duration (e.g., actively monitoring PDCCH) or when inactivity timer is running. 
       FIG.  13 A  illustrates one example of such a PS signal configuration (more precisely a single search space configuration for PS signal monitoring), according to some embodiments. As shown, a PS signal  1322  may be periodically received by a UE, such as UE  106 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As shown, when a PS signal  1322  is received during PDCCH monitoring  1310  (e.g., during a DRX “on” cycle), the UE may interpret the PS signal  1322  as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and skip one or more PDCCH monitoring opportunities based on the PS signal  1322 . However, when a PS signal  1322  is received outside of PDCCH monitoring  1310  (e.g., during a DRX “off” duration), the UE may interpret the PS signal  1322  as a wake-up signal and, after a duration  1320 , may resume PDCCH monitoring  1310  for a duration as specified in PS signal  1322  before re-entering (or resuming) a DRX “off” (or sleep) cycle. 
       FIG.  13 B  illustrates another example of two PS signal configurations (more precisely two search space configurations; a first configuration for monitoring the PS signal as PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and a second configuration for monitoring PS signal as wake up signal), according to some embodiments. As shown, a PS signal may be periodically received by a UE, such as UE  106 , from a base station, such as gNB  604 . As shown, when a PS signal  1332  is received by the UE during PDCCH monitoring  1310  (e.g., during a DRX “on” cycle), the PS signal  1332  may be configured as PDCCH monitoring skipping PS signal. Additionally, when the PS signal  1334 , which is monitored based on the second search space configuration (e.g., during a DRX “off” cycle), the PS signal  1334  may be configured as a wake-up PS signal. 
     As a further example, a PS signal may be configured as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and an s-cell control signal. In such embodiments, a PS signal may indicate PDCCH monitoring skipping duration and PDCCH monitoring periodicity to be used thereafter as well as s-cell activation/deactivation/suspension. In some embodiments, PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and s-cell control may be jointly encoded to save signaling overhead. For example,  FIG.  14    illustrates examples of possible values of a PS signal and associated indications for p-cell and s-cell control, according to some embodiments. As shown, a joint signal value of ‘000’ may indicate no PDCCH monitoring skipping for a p-cell and instruct a UE to resume monitoring of an s-cell (or s-cells) if stopped and/or activate an s-cell (or s-cells) if deactivated. A value of ‘001’ may indicate 5 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the p-cell and 5 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘010’ may indicate 10 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the p-cell and 20 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘011’ may indicate 20 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the p-cell and 40 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘100’ may indicate 30 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the p-cell and suspension of the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘111’ may indicate 40 milliseconds of PDCCH monitoring skipping for the p-cell and deactivation of the s-cell (or s-cells). 
     As another example, a PS signal may be configured as a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator and an s-cell control signal. In such embodiments, a PS signal may indicate BWP for both p-cell and s-cell (or s-cells) as well as s-cell activation/deactivation/suspension. In some embodiments, BWP indication and s-cell control may be jointly encoded to save signaling overhead and/or to capture most likely configurations. For example,  FIG.  15    illustrates examples of possible values of a PS signal and associated indications for p-cell and s-cell control, according to some embodiments. As shown, a joint signal value of ‘000’ may indicate default BWP for a p-cell and instruct a UE to deactivate an s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘001’ may indicate default BWP for the p-cell and suspension of the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘010’ may indicate BWP 1  for the p-cell and suspension of the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘011’ may indicate BWP 2  for the p-cell and suspension of the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘100’ may indicate BWP 2  for the p-cell and default BWP for the s-cell (or s-cells). A value of ‘101’ may indicate BWP 2  for the p-cell and BWP 2  for the s-cell (or s-cells). 
       FIG.  16    illustrates a block diagram of an example of a method for configuring a power savings signal, according to some embodiments. The method shown in  FIG.  16    may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows. 
     At  1602 , a UE, such as UE  106 , may transmit power savings requirements to a base station, such as base station  102  and/or gNB  604 . 
     At  1604 , the UE may receive, from the base station, a configuration of a power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration may indicate one or more functionalities of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration of the power saving signal may be received via radio resource control signaling. In some embodiments, the configuration may be negotiated between the UE and the base station. In such embodiments, the negotiation may include the UE requesting a minimum gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, a parameter included in the power saving signal may indicate a gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal that is greater than or equal to the minimum gap. In some embodiments, the one or more functionalities may include any, any combination of, and/or all of the power saving signal functioning as a wake-up signal, the power saving signal functioning as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) monitoring skipping signal, the power saving signal functioning as a PDCCH monitoring periodicity change signal, the power saving signal functioning as a bandwidth part (BWP) switching indicator, the power saving signal functioning as a maximum number of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layer indicator, the power saving signal functioning as a minimum K0 indicator, where K0 may indicate a number of slots between a slot scheduled for the PDCCH and a slot scheduled for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and/or the power saving signal functioning as a secondary cell control indicator. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a wake-up signal, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a wake-up start time. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating a number of power on cycles to skip when the UE does not receive a power savings signal. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a scheduling downlink control index (DCI). 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating a sleep duration from a set of sleep durations. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells to skip monitoring PDCCH. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a PDCCH periodicity change signal, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a start of the PDCCH periodicity change. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating a PDCCH monitoring periodicity from a set of PDCCH monitoring periodicities. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells the change in PDCCH monitoring periodicity applies to. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a bandwidth part (BWP) switching indicator, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch of the BWP. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating the BWP. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells the BWP applies to. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a maximum number of multiple input multiple output (MIMO) layer indicator, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch of the maximum number of MIMO layers. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating the maximum number of MIMO layers. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells the maximum number of MIMO layers applies to. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a minimum K0 indicator per bandwidth part and/or per component carrier, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch of the minimum K0. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating the minimum K0. In some embodiments, K0 may indicate a number of slots between a slot scheduled for the PDCCH and a slot scheduled for a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells the minimum K0 applies to. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. In some embodiments, the UE may interpret the minimum K0 as an offset. In such embodiments, the UE may add the minimum K0 to all K0 values. 
     In some embodiments, when the power saving signal functions as a secondary cell control indicator, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch in a mode of the secondary cell. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating one or more secondary cells to switch. In some embodiments, the modes may include activation, deactivation, and/or suspension. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a wake-up signal, a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator, a maximum number of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) layer indicator, and a secondary cell control indicator. In such embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch in a mode of the secondary cell, a second parameter indicating one or more secondary cells to switch, a third parameter indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers, and a fourth parameter indicating BWP. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a fifth parameter indicating to which secondary cells the maximum number of MIMO layers and BWP are applicable. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a wake-up signal and a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is in an active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is not in the active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a wake-up signal. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a wake-up start time or a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping, a second parameter indicating a number of power on cycles to skip when the wireless device does not receive a power savings signal, and a third parameter indicating a sleep duration from a set of sleep durations. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and a secondary cell control indicator. In such embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping, a second parameter indicating PDCCH monitoring periodicity, and a third parameter indicating secondary cell mode. In some embodiments, the modes may include activation, deactivation, and suspension. In some embodiments, the PDCCH monitoring skipping and secondary control indicator may be jointly encoded to reduce signaling overhead. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator and a secondary cell control indicator. In some embodiments, the BWP and secondary cell control may be jointly encoded to reduce signaling overhead. 
     At  1606 , the UE may periodically receive, from the base station, the power saving signal. 
     At  1608 , the UE may interpret the power saving signal based on the configuration. 
       FIG.  17    illustrates a block diagram of an example of a method for configuring a power savings signal, according to some embodiments. The method shown in  FIG.  17    may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows. 
     At  1702 , a UE, such as UE  106 , may transmit power savings requirements to a base station, such as base station  102  and/or gNB  604 . 
     At  1704 , the UE may receive, from the base station, a configuration of a power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration may indicate one or more functionalities of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration of the power saving signal may be received via radio resource control signaling. In some embodiments, the configuration may be negotiated between the UE and the base station. In such embodiments, the negotiation may include the UE requesting a minimum gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, a parameter included in the power saving signal may indicate a gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal that is greater than or equal to the minimum gap. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a wake-up signal and may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a wake-up start time. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating a number of power on cycles to skip when the UE does not receive a power savings signal. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a scheduling downlink control index (DCI). 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further function as a bandwidth part (BWP) indicator, a maximum number of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) layer indicator, and a secondary cell control indicator. In such embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a switch in a mode of the secondary cell, a second parameter indicating one or more secondary cells to switch, a third parameter indicating a maximum number of MIMO layers, and a fourth parameter indicating BWP. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a fifth parameter indicating to which secondary cells the maximum number of MIMO layers and BWP are applicable. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also function as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is in an active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is not in the active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a wake-up signal. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a wake-up start time or a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping, a second parameter indicating a number of power on cycles to skip when the wireless device does not receive a power savings signal, and a third parameter indicating a sleep duration from a set of sleep durations. 
     At  1706 , the UE may periodically receive, from the base station, the power saving signal. 
     At  1708 , the UE may interpret the power saving signal based on the configuration. 
       FIG.  18    illustrates a block diagram of an example of a method for configuring a power savings signal, according to some embodiments. The method shown in  FIG.  18    may be used in conjunction with any of the systems, methods, or devices shown in the Figures, among other devices. In various embodiments, some of the method elements shown may be performed concurrently, in a different order than shown, or may be omitted. Additional method elements may also be performed as desired. As shown, this method may operate as follows. 
     At  1802 , a UE, such as UE  106 , may transmit power savings requirements to a base station, such as base station  102  and/or gNB  604 . 
     At  1804 , the UE may receive, from the base station, a configuration of a power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration may indicate one or more functionalities of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, the configuration of the power saving signal may be received via radio resource control signaling. In some embodiments, the configuration may be negotiated between the UE and the base station. In such embodiments, the negotiation may include the UE requesting a minimum gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal. In some embodiments, a parameter included in the power saving signal may indicate a gap between receipt of the power saving signal and an action indicated by the functionality of the power saving signal that is greater than or equal to the minimum gap. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may function as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal and may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may also include a second parameter indicating a sleep duration from a set of sleep durations. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further include a third parameter indicating a set of cells to skip monitoring PDCCH. In some embodiments, the set of cells may include a primary cell and one or more secondary cells. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further function as a wake-up signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is in an active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a PDCCH monitoring skipping signal. In some embodiments, when the UE is not in the active mode, the UE may interpret the power saving signal as a wake-up signal. In some embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a wake-up start time or a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping, a second parameter indicating a number of power on cycles to skip when the wireless device does not receive a power savings signal, and a third parameter indicating a sleep duration from a set of sleep durations. 
     In some embodiments, the power saving signal may further function as a secondary cell control indicator. In such embodiments, the power saving signal may include a first parameter indicating a time gap between receipt of the power saving signal and a start of the PDCCH monitoring skipping, a second parameter indicating PDCCH monitoring periodicity, and a third parameter indicating secondary cell mode. In some embodiments, the modes may include activation, deactivation, and suspension. In some embodiments, the PDCCH monitoring skipping and secondary control indicator may be jointly encoded to reduce signaling overhead. 
     At  1806 , the UE may periodically receive, from the base station, the power saving signal. 
     At  1808 , the UE may interpret the power saving signal based on the configuration. 
     It is well understood that the use of personally identifiable information should follow privacy policies and practices that are generally recognized as meeting or exceeding industry or governmental requirements for maintaining the privacy of users. In particular, personally identifiable information data should be managed and handled so as to minimize risks of unintentional or unauthorized access or use, and the nature of authorized use should be clearly indicated to users. 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure may be realized in any of various forms. For example, some embodiments may be realized as a computer-implemented method, a computer-readable memory medium, or a computer system. Other embodiments may be realized using one or more custom-designed hardware devices such as ASICs. Still other embodiments may be realized using one or more programmable hardware elements such as FPGAs. 
     In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable memory medium may be configured so that it stores program instructions and/or data, where the program instructions, if executed by a computer system, cause the computer system to perform a method, e.g., any of a method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets. 
     In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a UE  106  or BS  102 ) may be configured to include a processor (or a set of processors) and a memory medium, where the memory medium stores program instructions, where the processor is configured to read and execute the program instructions from the memory medium, where the program instructions are executable to implement any of the various method embodiments described herein (or, any combination of the method embodiments described herein, or, any subset of any of the method embodiments described herein, or, any combination of such subsets). The device may be realized in any of various forms. 
     Although the embodiments above have been described in considerable detail, numerous variations and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art once the above disclosure is fully appreciated. It is intended that the following claims be interpreted to embrace all such variations and modifications.