Patent Publication Number: US-2013246488-A1

Title: Laboratory findings preparation system for a microscopy workstation, particularlly for use in the field of cytology

Description:
BACKGROUND 
     The invention relates to a laboratory findings preparation system for a microscopy workstation with a microscope, particularly for the use in cytology and histopathology, comprising:
         at least one input device embodied for entering findings data and findings preparation instructions into the system;   at least one programmable data processing device in an operative connection to an input device for signaling purposes;   a laboratory management software, which according to the findings preparation instructions is implemented for preparing laboratory findings on the data processing device from a plurality of findings data entered; and   at least one output device for the laboratory findings to be prepared, in an operative connection to the data processing device for signaling purposes.       

     Furthermore, the invention relates to a microscopy workstation with a laboratory findings preparation system as well as the use of an input device in the form of a touch-sensitive user interface in connection with such a microscopy workstation. 
     The above-defined laboratory findings preparation system and particularly its input device is also described in the following as a “table cytology” and comprises hardware and software for a more rapid digital entry of cytological and/or histopathological standard findings at a microscopy work station. 
     The early cancer detection in women is based on cytology as an essential foundation of diagnostics for early detection of cervical cancer. The workstation required for this purpose at the microscope demands from the operator, for example a CTA (cytological technical assistant) or a physician, a considerable extent of concentration over long periods of time. All other activities distracting from actual microscopy threaten the accuracy of findings and thus the safe diagnosis based on this work. This also includes the activity at the computer, particularly in the context with the required documentation of findings. 
     In the administration of medical laboratory orders and findings the digital recording of findings has not yet become standard practice. Overwhelmingly, findings are still prepared on paper using manual entries on preprinted forms stipulated by authorities (multiple form sets). 
     Particularly in cytology here hundreds of thousands of findings are still written manually every day. Such a procedure is time consuming, rather uneconomical, and prone to errors.  FIG. 1  shows a typical cytological finding, written manually, on the common form. The finding shown in  FIG. 1  is marked with the reference character B in its entirety. It particularly includes a plurality of manual entries in the section E, particularly also extensive text passages at the reference character T. The time required for preparing such findings texts range in practice from approximately 50 to 90 s. 
     For the above-mentioned reasons a digital recording of findings is desired, particularly for the purpose of better storage or forwarding. However, data entry via keyboards of a conventional PC-system is not possible here for several reasons: On the one hand the refocusing of the eyes of the operator, from the microscope (to the monitor), is tiring and strenuous. Additionally, the use of the keyboard leads to the operator becoming distracted, thus extending the time for preparing the findings and increasing the error rate. Furthermore, only 10 to 30% of the laboratory employees are proficient in 10-digit typing, by which a rather acceptable operating speed could be achieved. The overall analysis has shown that the data input time of findings via keyboards takes even more time than the preparation of manual findings. 
     SUMMARY 
     The invention is based on the objective to further develop a laboratory findings preparation system and a microscopy workstation of the type respectively mentioned at the outset such that the manuscript entry of findings data via an electronic-digital input is possible in order to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages without using a keyboard. This way, the operating speed and efficiency shall be increased and the rate of errors reduced. 
     The invention attains this objective via a laboratory findings preparation system, via a microscopy workstation, as well as the use of an input device in the form of a touch-sensitive surface. Advantageous further developments of the invention are the objective of the dependent claims, with their wording hereby being explicitly included in the description by way of reference in order to avoid unnecessary repetition of text. 
     According to the invention a laboratory findings preparation system for a microscopy workstation with a microscope, particularly for the use in cytology or histopathology, comprising:
         at least one input device embodied to enter findings data and findings preparation instructions into the system;   at least one programmable data processing device in an operative connection to the input device for signaling purposes;   a laboratory processing software embodied to prepare laboratory findings, based on the findings preparation instructions, on the data processing device based on a number of findings data entered; and   at least one output device for the laboratory findings to be prepared (being) in an operative connection to the data processing device for signaling purposes, characterized in that the input device is embodied with a touch-sensitive user interface, on which a first plurality of input surfaces can be determined essentially freely with regards to geometry and/or function, with a second plurality thereof being connected, as stipulated by the data processing unit, to respectively allocated findings data or a findings preparation instruction in order to transfer, upon the touch by the operator, the respective findings data or the findings preparation instructions to the laboratory processing software to prepare the findings, which (software) is embodied such that it prepares findings from the findings data received and displays the finished prepared findings via an output device, preferably upon receipt of a respective finishing instruction from the input device.       

     A microscopy workstation according to the invention is characterized in comprising at least:
         a preferably commercial microscope for examining samples, preferably in the field of cytology or histopathology; and   a laboratory findings preparation system according to at least one of the previous claims for preparing findings regarding the samples examined.       

     The application according to the invention includes the use of an input device with a tough-sensitive user interface, on which a plurality of input areas can essentially be freely defined geometrically and/or functionally, preferably of a computer input device in the form of an IntelliKeys®-input device of the company IntelliTools®, Inc. or a functionally similar input device with a tough-sensitive surface to prepare findings at a microscopy workstation in a laboratory, preferably a cytological laboratory. (The name “IntelliKeys” is a registered trademark of the company IntelliTools®, Inc., Frederick (CO), USA). 
     The laboratory findings preparation system according to the invention, comprising an input device in the form of a touch-sensitive user interface replaces the manuscript entry of findings data without using any keyboard. It allows the CTA a clearly structured and quick preparation of the most frequent standard findings, without the need to take his/her eyes off the microscope. For this purpose, suitable specialty hardware may be used, particularly an IntelliKeys®-input device of the company IntelliTools®, Inc., or a touch-sensitive monitor interface (touch screen). The essentially freely defined input areas on the touch-sensitive user interface are allocated to certain findings data or findings preparation instructions in order, upon a touch by the operator, transferring the respective data or the respective instruction to the laboratory management software which prepares the findings therefrom. The above-mentioned laboratory management software can represent practically any arbitrary commercially available software of this kind, which is discussed in greater detail in the following. 
     The finished prepared findings are either saved for further review in a common step of quality assurance in a cytological laboratory or it may be printed out in a time-saving fashion via a conventional work-station printer connected, here. The transmission via facsimile, e-mail, or the like is also possible. A considerable advantage of the report is the easily readable, uniform caption, which strikingly differs from the largely varying penmanship of different operators. 
     Unlike the manual preparation the operator only requires approx. 10 s for preparing a finding using the laboratory findings preparation system according to the invention, perhaps with an additional printing term of approx. 2 s. 
     Two general concepts are underlying the technical realization of the invention: A simplified input is particularly possible in the field of cytology due to its frequently repeating standard results, with the rate of standard findings in the overall number of findings exceeding 90%. Additionally, the “natural” recording process, i.e. the manual recording process used for 50 years can be optimally emulated, when the input field (the touch-sensitive user interface) is located in the arm radius and within the visual range of the analyzing person, thus at the place usually the sheets of paper would be placed for a manual recording of findings. 
     A particular further development of the invention provides for facilitating the operation such that the user interface is arranged horizontally or lying down or inclined by an angle α, α&lt;90° in reference to the horizontal or an operating level. 
     Another further development of the present invention eliminates several severe disadvantages of the previous procedures in the cytological laboratory. For this purpose it uses an existing technology of the field of teaching tools/teaching systems (IntelliKeys®-surface of the company IntelliTools®, Inc.) and adapts it for a different field of technology, the one of cytological laboratory technology, so that by the application according to the invention an optimized laboratory findings preparation system develops. This has explicitly been pointed out above. 
     The input device used within the scope of a further development of the present invention can be operated in connection with any commercial (cytology) laboratory management program, to the extent it is conform to a use with conventional data processing devices, for example programmed on a Windows or Mac-basis, and particularly allowing the use of standardized key combinations for certain commands. 
     Within the scope of a preferred further development of the present invention the surface of the input device, particularly here the IntelliKeys®-input tablet, shows allocated touch-sensitive virtual “keys”, which are equivalent to the respective findings data or more complex macro commands to control the laboratory management software. This way, within the scope of another further development of the present invention, a specific “key” allocation can be generated for the input device, which has proven beneficial for a typical cytological laboratory. Here, the defined input areas are sized such and/or marked and/or arranged that the touch to prepare findings can essentially be performed by the operator without looking up from the microscope. 
     In particular the touch-sensitive IntelliKeys®-interface allows by a simple touching to trigger text input or (more complex) command sequences on the level of an arbitrary commercial program of the laboratory management and/or the operating system. The above-mentioned text input and/or control commands can be entered as macro-commands into the command menu of the input device or can be recorded via macro-recorders. 
     The use of the laboratory findings preparation system according to the invention has proven particularly beneficial in the field of cytology. In this context a particular further development of the invention provides that for the early cancer detection in women for the cytological early detection of cervical cancer at least one of the following input options is realized via the input areas:
         initials of the operator for identification purposes;   pap-classification from pap I to pap V, with preferably input areas being allocated as large as possible;   additional findings typically to be yielded with every finding, particularly the proliferation from 1 to 4;   findings completion;   selection of the output device, preferably printer, facsimile, or telecommunication transmission; and   recommendations for further procedures.       

     As experience has taught, it is irrelevant for the analyst (physician, CTA) if he/she performs the input via a particular hardware device (tablet, preferably film-coated paper surface) or via a touch-sensitive monitor (touch screen). Within the scope of a first embodiment of the present invention it is therefore provided to use the above-mentioned hardware of the company IntelliTools®, Inc. as the input device, which is connected via USB-connections to a commercial PC. The data input by touching then triggers a command sequence similar to those of keyboards. 
     An alternative embodiment of the present invention provides that the operating surface comprises at least a touch screen, tablet, or touch-sensitive monitor. Although this generally leads to increased hardware costs, however it allows, particularly when only limited space is available, to waive an additional input device, because usually microscopy workstations are equipped with a monitor. 
     The solutions stated in the following each show advantages and disadvantages, which are listed in the following Table 1. 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Advantages and disadvantages of the hardware solution 
               
               
                 using tablet versus touch screen 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
            
               
                 Criterion 
                 Tablet (IntelliKeys ®) 
                 Touch screen 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Position for the arm 
                 Beneficial 
                 Position standing 
               
               
                   
                   
                 erect, ergonomically 
               
               
                   
                   
                 disadvantageous; more 
               
               
                   
                   
                 expensive when 
               
               
                   
                   
                 embedded in the work 
               
               
                   
                   
                 surface 
               
               
                 Use of the monitor 
                 Can simultaneously be 
                 When using the 
               
               
                   
                 used for other purposes and 
                 program exclusively 
               
               
                   
                 programs, input form of the 
                 for the tablet 
               
               
                   
                 laboratory program is 
                 surface, the original 
               
               
                   
                 displayed 
                 laboratory program is 
               
               
                   
                   
                 not visible 
               
               
                 Adjustable 
                 Simple 
                 Very simple 
               
               
                 (adaptation of the 
               
               
                 surface) 
               
               
                 Technical 
                 Low 
                 High 
               
               
                 knowledge required 
               
               
                 Hardware costs 
                 Moderate 
                 High 
               
               
                 Maintenance 
                 Moderate (warranty 2 
                 Moderate (warranty 
               
               
                   
                 years, rare malfunctions) 
                 depending on 
               
               
                   
                   
                 manufacturer, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 malfunctions possible 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     The suggested laboratory findings preparation system provides an economical user interface via its touch-sensitive user interface for the cytological findings between the operator and the management software provided in the respective laboratory. Here, it may be provided for reasons of processing technology that first by way of microscopy determined (cytological) partial results are determined and entered via the user interface and/or the allocated input fields into the system until the final result has been determined. Subsequently the findings are concluded, with perhaps required additions, such as texts or corrections, for which no fixed input section has been defined, can also be entered via a mouse or a keyboard. Subsequently the data is released or the fax/print command is issued once more via the touch-sensitive user interface and/or respective input fields. 
     The findings prepared in this manner can either be forwarded to a second analyst to continue analyzing the findings (as explained above) or finalized, printed, and forwarded in this form, with here too preferably the operation occurs direction via the touch-sensitive user interface. Subsequently the next findings are prepared, as explained above. 
     A particular advantage of the present invention is seen here in the fact that each user of the laboratory findings preparation system can adjust it via the user interface to his/her own needs at any time. Here, the adjustment can occur at the beginning of the installation and/or during use. The user can perform such adjustments him/herself or have them performed by a service partner on site and/or via remote maintenance. 
     This means in practice a collection of requests for changes made by the analysts, based on daily routine, which subsequently can be implemented via software technology, e.g., by using the Overlay Maker™ (IntelliTools®, Inc.) Particularly in the latter case the implementation occurs in a hardware form on the user interface by the amended overlay being printed out for each input device and accordingly mounted and by all input devices being newly programmed with an appropriately adjusted configuration file. The implementation via software technology occurs analogous in case of the use of a touch screen. 
     The present invention provides a considerable potential for savings, which results from the simplified recording of findings and which is illustrated by the following sample calculation. Due to the fact that in the meantime many laboratories show order volumes ranging from 80,000 to 160,000 orders per year the potential savings exceed the ones shown in the following Table 2 1.5-fold to 3-fold. The return of investment amounts here to clearly less than one year. The identification “OC” represents “object carrier”. For the manual preparation of findings it is applicable: 80% of all findings are normal findings, requiring 50 s time for entry; 10% are more extensive findings (70 s); and an additional 10% are detailed findings (90 s). 
     
       
         
           
               
             
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
            
               
                   
               
               
                 Time expense and costs for various types of preparing 
               
               
                 findings 
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                   
                 Term of 
                   
                   
                 Total costs 
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 entry per 
                 Min per 
                 Hours 
                 for a 
               
               
                   
                 pap 
                 day ([2]) 
                 per year 
                 laboratory 
               
               
                   
                 (OC), sec 
                 per 
                 [3] per 
                 sized (-&gt; B6) 
                 Difference 
                 In 
               
               
                 Method 
                 [1] 
                 operator 
                 operator 
                 [    p.a.) [4] 
                 (costs) p.a. 
                 percent 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
           
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
            
               
                 Manuscript 
                 50.0 
                 66.7 
                 241.1 
                 41.666.67    
                     0.00    
                 100.0% 
               
               
                 Entry via 
                 70.0 
                 93.3 
                 337.6 
                 58.333.33    
                   16,666.67    
                 140.0% 
               
               
                 keyboard 
               
               
                 Entry via 
                 10.0 
                 13.3 
                 48.2 
                  8,333.33    
                 −33,333.33    
                  20.0% 
               
               
                 tablet 
               
               
                 Framework 
               
               
                 values 
               
               
                 Performance 
                 80 
               
               
                 per operator 
               
               
                 per day 
               
               
                 Size of lab 
                 50,000 
               
               
                 (OC p.a.) 
               
               
                 Hourly rate, 
                 60.00    
               
               
                 gross 
               
               
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     Explanations: 
     
       
         
           
               
               
             
               
                   
                   
               
             
            
               
                   
                 [1] average pap (95% normal findings, 5% conspicuous findings with 
               
               
                   
                 twice the time expense) 
               
               
                   
                 [2] average daily performance of a cytological technical assistant 
               
               
                   
                 (OC/day) see B5 
               
               
                   
                 [3] hourly rate (employer expenses) see B7, 217 working days per 
               
               
                   
                 calendar year 
               
               
                   
                 [4] order volume of an average laboratory (OC per year) see B6 
               
               
                   
                   
               
            
           
         
       
     
     A particular further development of the invention provides to combine the laboratory findings preparation system with a dictation and/or voice recognition software and perhaps with a dictation device or another voice recording device in order to allow longer and/or freely worded text passages being added to the findings, particularly and without limitation in the field of histopathology. Here, the voice recording is preferably controlled via the user interface of the system (start, stop, insert, etc.) 
     Accordingly the present invention includes a combination of input hardware and appropriate management software provided in the respective (cytological) laboratory. It allows a simplification of the daily preparation of findings for one of the central steps of microscopic laboratory findings. This way considerable cost savings result, increased safety in findings, and a simplified transmission of findings, with the present invention in many cases representing the precondition for a digital preparation of findings and a computer-controlled printing of findings in the (cytological) laboratory. 
     Due to the fact that the procurement and installation costs are relatively low the return of investment occurs already within less than one year. Additionally the laboratory findings preparation system generated can easily, flexibly, and continuously be adjusted to the needs of the respective users. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Additional features and advantages of the present invention are discernible from the following description of exemplary embodiments based on the drawing. 
         FIG. 1  shows cytological laboratory findings generated conventionally by hand; 
         FIG. 2  shows schematically a microscopy workstation equipped with the laboratory findings preparation system according to the invention; 
         FIG. 3  shows an enlarged detail of the input device of the workstation according to  FIG. 2 ; and 
         FIG. 4  shows a detail of a laboratory findings (report) according to  FIG. 1 , which was prepared with the help of the laboratory findings preparation system of  FIG. 2 . 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       FIG. 2  shows a microscopy workstation in a cytological laboratory, which is marked in its entirety with the reference character  1 . The microscopy workstation  1  shown comprises at least one microscope  2 , which is shown only schematically in  FIG. 2 , for the examination of cytological and histopathological samples, with a number of them with the reference character  3  being also shown schematically in the form of object carriers. Furthermore, the microscopy workstation  1  comprises a laboratory findings preparation system according to the invention, which is marked in its entirety with the reference character  4 . The design of the laboratory findings preparation system  4  is discussed in greater detail in the following. Furthermore, in  FIG. 2  schematically an operator  5  is shown who may represent a CTA or a physician, for example. 
     A large portion of the above-mentioned installations is arranged on an operating surface  6 , particularly a table. 
     The operator  5  analyzes the samples  3  with the help of a microscope  2  and subsequently prepares cytological or histopathological findings with the help of the laboratory findings preparation system  4 , with its precise design now being discussed in detail: 
     The laboratory findings preparation system  4  comprises an input device  4   a , embodied to enter findings data and findings preparation instructions into the system  4 . Furthermore, the laboratory findings preparation system  4  includes a programmable data processing device  4   b  in the form of a commercial PC, which is in an operative connection to the input device  4   a  for signaling purposes. Furthermore, the laboratory findings preparation system  4  comprises commercial laboratory management software  4 , which is designed for preparing laboratory findings on the data processing device  4   b  from a number of findings data entered according to the findings preparation instruction. According to the illustration in  FIG. 2  the laboratory preparation software  4   c  comprises a (primary) memory  4   d  of the data processing device  4   b , which furthermore shows at least one processor unit  4   e , which is designed among other things to perform the programming instructions included in the laboratory management software  4   c  and process the input signals received. 
     Additionally the laboratory findings preparation system  4  comprises a number of output devices for the laboratory findings to be prepared, each of which being in an operative connection to the data processing device  4   b  for signaling purposes. According to  FIG. 2 , the output devices mentioned represent a monitor  4   f , a printer  4   g , as well as a data telecommunication connection  4   h , without the invention being limited to a certain number or certain types of output devices. 
     The above-mentioned (primary) memory  4   d  of the data processing device  4   b  is additionally provided with driver/control software  4   i  to operate the input device  4   a , which is to be discussed in greater detail in the following. 
     In order to operate the laboratory findings preparation system  4  the input device  4   a  comprises a touch sensitive user surface  4   aa , on which a plurality of input areas  4   ab  are defined geometrically and/or functionally and which are marked, which is discussed in greater detail based on  FIG. 3 . When the operator  5  touches the above-mentioned input areas  4   ab , particularly with his/her finger, findings data and/or findings preparation instructions are transmitted from the input device  4   a  to the data processing device  4   b  and/or to the laboratory management software  4   c , which is appropriately equipped for this purpose to prepare findings via the data received, finalize them, and display the finished prepared findings via an output device, for example in the form of a print-out  4   j  and/or by displaying them on the monitor  4   f.    
     In particular the microscope  2  and the input device  4   a  and/or its operating surface  4   aa  are located within the radius of the arm  5   a  of the operator  5 . Furthermore, the input device  4   a  and/or its operating surface  4   aa  may also be placed within the view of the operator  5  when said person works at the microscope  2 . The operating surface  4   aa  of the input device  4   a  is arranged inclined at an angle α in reference to the horizontal and/or in reference to the work area  6 , with the angle α being clearly smaller than 90°, so that the operator  5  can scan the operating surface  4   aa  and reach it as easily as possible. 
     The operative connection to the data processing device  4   b  for signaling purposes comprises, in addition to the laboratory findings preparation system  4  shown in  FIG. 2 , also a speech recording device in the form of a dictation device  4   k . Without discussing it in detail here, the above-mentioned (primary) memory  4   d  of the data processing device  4   b  also includes respective driver/control software to operate the speech recording device  4   k . The latter software may also represent speech recognition software in order to directly convert the speech recorded by the speech recording device  4   k  into text, which then is further used to prepare the laboratory findings. Advantageously the touch-sensitive operating surface  4   aa  also comprises a number of input areas  4   ab , which serve for the above-mentioned control of the speech recording device  4   k . In principle it is also possible, of course, to enter certain findings preparation instructions not via the operating surface  4   aa  by via the speech recording device  4   k  into the system. Advantageously the speech recording device  4   k  is particularly used to enter longer findings texts into the system, for example in the field of histopathology. 
     One potential embodiment of the input device  4   a  and/or its user surface  4   aa  is now explained in greater detail based on  FIG. 3 .  FIG. 3  shows the input device  4   a  of  FIG. 2  in an enlarged detail. It is formed from a flat, rectangular housing  4   ac , in which the touch-sensitive user surface  4   aa  is inserted. The input device may represent for example a device distributed by the company IntelliTools®, Inc. under the name IntelliKeys®, which is used in the field of learning tools/learning systems, particularly for children or for persons with impaired recognition. The unit and/or the input device  4   a  is connected and/or can be connected via a cable  4   ad  to a USB-connection (not shown) of the data processing device  4   b  according to  FIG. 2 . Geometric and/or functional areas, essentially freely designed, are defined and/or can be defined in the form of entry fields  4   ab  on the operating surface  4   aa , and for this purpose respective driver/control software  41  is installed on the data processing device  4   b  according to  FIG. 2 , which has already been pointed out. Any of these input areas  4   ab  can be allocated via the above-mentioned driver/control software  41  to certain functions of the laboratory management software  4   c , for example the entry of findings data, certain findings preparation instructions, findings output instructions, or the like. The above-mentioned entries/instructions can be recorded for example in the form of macros using conventional keyboards or a mouse (not shown) and then, upon the operator touching the respective input area  4   ab , they can be recalled and/or executed. 
     Advantageously such input areas  4   ab  are defined on the operating surface  4   aa  as large as possible, which are required as a standard for a number of findings to be prepared.  FIG. 3  shows only a few input areas  4   ab  in a purely exemplary fashion. Their size, arrangement, and other features (color) shall show respective user-friendly and particularly ergonomically aspects. In order to display to the operator  5  the position and function of the individual input areas  4   ab  in an optically discernible fashion, the input device  4   ab  used shows slots  4   ae  to accept a so-called overlay  4   af  laterally at the operating surface  4   aa . Such an overlay  4   af  can be generated after the input device  4   a  has been programmed/functions have been allocated using a respective program of the control software  4   i  in an manner meeting specific requirements, printed out on paper or the like, and by inserting into the lateral acceptance slots  5   ae  above the actual user surface  44   aa  arranged so that the operator always knows the position of individual input areas  4   ab . Here, the input areas  4   ab  may be sized and/or marked particularly such (particularly colored) that the touching by the operator can essentially occur without looking up from the microscope, thus omitting particularly the tiring refocusing of the eyes and/or considerably reducing it. Additionally, with individual input areas  4   ab  even longer, standardized text inputs can be connected, thus considerably accelerating the preparation of findings in reference to a digital input via a conventional keyboard. 
     The entries prepared in this manner are subsequently transmitted via the cable  4   ad  to the data processing device  4   b  and/or the laboratory management software  4   b , which then prepares the findings and displays them via the above-mentioned periphery  4   f - 4   h.    
     As easily discernible for one trained in the art the operating surface  4   aa  in its concrete technical embodiment is not limited to the use of the input device of the company IntelliTools®, Inc. mentioned as an example, but any other, freely programmable touch-sensitive surfaces can be used in this context, for example a touch screen, tablet, or touch-screen monitor with an appropriate driver software. 
     The operating surface  4   aa  shown in  FIG. 3  with the input areas  4  as defined here is particularly suitable for the use of early cancer detection in women in the context with the cytological early detection of cervical cancer so that here particularly the following input options are realized: 
     The input of the initials (“Bi”, “He”, “Ja”, . . . ) of the operator for the purpose of identification occurs via the input areas  4   aba . Using the input area  4   abb , which for reasons of clarity is not marked in its entirety, the so-called pap-classification occurs from pap I to pap V, with here particularly the most frequently occurring pap-classifications shall be allocated to input areas as large as possible. Other input areas allow the entry of additional findings typically to be yielded for any finding, particularly the proliferation from 1 to 4 (input areas  4   abc ). The input areas  4   abd  are particularly intended for finalizing findings or for selecting output devices (printer, facsimile, or telecommunication). Further, input areas not shown and/or marked may define recommendations for further proceedings (post-findings, reexamination, revisiting, . . . ) 
     As already mentioned, the allocation of the operating surface  4   aa  shown as an example in  FIG. 3  is not statically predetermined but can be freely adapted to the concrete requirements in the laboratory, so that the preparation of findings can be performed accelerated, with a low error rate, and with improved clarity for reading. 
     In the same manner the operating surface can also be programmed for the preparation of histomorphological and histopathological findings so that accordingly particularly the following input options are realized: initials, macroscopic description of the tissue, histological findings, assessment, recommendations, finalizing findings, and release. 
       FIG. 4  shows as an example a detail from cytological laboratory findings B′ prepared with the help of the laboratory findings preparation system  4   a . The entries in the field E were generated with the help of the above-described laboratory findings preparation system  4 ; this particularly relates to the text entry at the reference character T, by which the preparation of the findings can be considerably accelerated and according to the invention only approximately 20% of the operating time is required compared to a conventional manual preparation of the findings, with additionally the error rate being reduced and the clarity for reading is improved (cf. the illustration in  FIG. 1 ).