Patent Publication Number: US-9903361-B2

Title: Derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a pumping unit, and in particular, to a derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit. 
     Description of Related Art 
     A pumping unit is a machine device for oil extraction and is known as a “nodding machine”, which pumps petroleum out of a well through pressurization. At present, a “triplex” (a sucker pump, a sucker rod, and a pumping unit) manner is commonly used for oil extraction in oil fields. In existing derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping units, a rack of a hydraulic pumping unit is of an oblique ladder shape, which in one hand results in waste in materials, and in the other hand has low firmness, is inconvenient to maintain, and cannot satisfy use requirements. The existing hydraulic pumping unit has a complex hydraulic control system, which has high technical requirements for use and maintenance and cannot satisfy production and energy-saving requirements of an end user. The existing pumping unit has an oil cylinder structure having the disadvantages of a complex structure, low work efficiency, and poor sealing, and a shell of the cylinder is easily worn after the cylinder is used for a long time, thereby affecting its work efficiency and service life. Furthermore, when the hydraulic pumping unit is maintained, a counterweight basket or an oil cylinder needs to fall onto the ground or the lowest position, and after the maintenance is finished, the counterweight basket or the oil cylinder needs to be restored to its original position and provided with a load. However, the counterweight basket or the oil cylinder is very heavy so that it is very difficult to restore the counterweight basket or the oil cylinder to the original position. Therefore, there is a need for an improved technique to solve the problems in the prior art. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
     In view of the above disadvantages, the objective of the present invention is to provide a derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit with a reasonable structure, a long service life, high work efficiency, and resource saving. 
     Technical Solution 
     In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows: 
     A derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit, comprising: a rack, a counterweight basket, a sucker rod side oil cylinder, a counterweight basket side oil cylinder, a hydraulic station, and an oxbow component for fixing a steel wire rope, where six groups of fixed pulleys and a guard bar are disposed on the top of the rack, movable pulleys are disposed at the bottom of each of the sucker rod side oil cylinder and the counterweight basket side oil cylinder, a steel wire rope fixing mechanism is disposed on the counterweight basket, and the counterweight basket is connected to the fixed pulleys, the movable pulleys and the oxbow component through the steel wire rope, wherein 
     each of the sucker rod side oil cylinder and the counterweight basket side oil cylinder includes a cylinder barrel component, the cylinder barrel components each includes a cylinder barrel, a cylinder head is disposed at one end of the cylinder barrel, a cylinder cap component is disposed at the other end of the cylinder barrel, a cylinder shell is disposed outside the cylinder barrel and is a double layered cylinder shell, a piston and a piston rod are disposed inside the cylinder barrel, multiple annual oil grooves are formed on the piston rod, the cylinder cap component includes a cylinder cap body, a pressing sleeve mechanism is disposed on an upper part of the cylinder cap body and is fixedly connected to the cylinder cap body through a fixing member, the cylinder cap body includes an inner barrel body and an outer barrel body, two ends of the inner barrel body and the outer barrel body are connected through an annular plate, a drain port is disposed on the inner barrel body, the pressing sleeve mechanism includes a pressing sleeve, a dust sleeve is embedded inside the pressing sleeve, a dust sleeve gland is disposed on an upper part of the dust sleeve, an oil scraping mechanism is disposed between the cylinder cap body and the pressing sleeve mechanism and includes a felt groove, a felt pad, and a pressure plate disposed on an upper part of the felt groove, and the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the felt groove; and 
     a hydraulic loop of the hydraulic station is a hydraulic system and includes a power driving module and an oil circuit module, where the power driving module includes an oil tank and a power mechanism I and a power mechanism II connected to the oil tank, the oil tank is provided with a liquid level gauge, a liquid level controller, an air filter, and a temperature controller, each of the power mechanism I and the power mechanism II includes a plunger pump and a motor connected to the plunger pump through a coupler, a butterfly valve is disposed between the plunger pump and an oil outlet of the oil tank, a one-way valve is disposed in an oil outlet of the plunger pump and connected to a pressure gauge through a pressure measuring joint and a pressure measuring hose; and the oil circuit module includes an electro-hydraulic directional control valve I and an electro-hydraulic directional control valve II, each of the electro-hydraulic directional control valve I and the electro-hydraulic directional control valve II is connected to an energy accumulator through a high-pressure ball valve, an electromagnetic unloading valve is disposed between the electro-hydraulic directional control valve I and the power mechanism I, and the electro-hydraulic directional control valve II is connected to an overflow valve. 
     The steel wire rope fixing mechanism is fixedly mounted on a beam of the counterweight basket and includes a rocking plate, where rope baffle plates are disposed at two sides of the rocking plate and fixedly connected to the rocking plate through fixing members. 
     The rack includes four stand columns disposed vertically, an end cover plate is disposed on each of an upper end and a lower end of the stand columns, multiple cross braces are sequentially disposed from up to down between the four stand columns, two crossed diagonal braces are disposed between two cross braces located in the same plane, triangular brackets are disposed at two sides of the top of the stand columns and fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the stand columns through hinges, a belaying cross arm structure and a guide plate component are disposed on the cross braces, the guide plate component includes a guide plate body and a tightening wheel component, the tightening wheel component is mounted on the guide plate body through a tightening wheel mounting plate, the belaying cross arm structure includes a cross arm, the cross arm is fixedly connected to the cross braces of the rack, a belaying wheel is mounted on the cross arm, and a regulating member is disposed between the belaying wheel and the cross arm. 
     The fixing member is a bolt. 
     A seal ring is disposed at a joint of the cylinder head and the cylinder shell. 
     A seal pad is disposed at a joint of the pressing sleeve mechanism and the cylinder cap body. 
     An air cooler is mounted on the oil tank and connected to the pressure gauge through the pressure measuring joint and the pressure measuring hose. 
     A shock absorber throat is disposed between the plunger pump and the butterfly value. 
     The regulating member is a pin. 
     Four tightening wheel components arranged diagonally are disposed on the guide plate body. 
     Advantageous Effect 
     In the derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit of the present invention, the stand columns of the rack are disposed to be vertical, thereby facilitating production costs saving, and the triangular brackets are disposed at the two sides of the top of the stand columns and connected to the two sides of the top of the stand columns through the hinges, thereby improving firmness and being convenient for maintenance. The hydraulic control system of the hydraulic station of the present invention has high control sensitivity and high automation degree, thereby facilitating resource saving and work efficiency improvement. In the oil cylinder structure of the pumping unit of the present invention, the cylinder shell is designed to be a double layered cylinder shell, thereby prolonging a service life of the cylinder shell and reducing resource consumption. The multiple annual oil grooves are formed on the piston rod so that a closed path is formed for oil on the piston rod for cycle use, thereby saving resources and improving work efficiency. The belaying cross arm structure is disposed on the cross braces of the rack, so that the structure is simple, the resource consumption is low, and the operation is convenient, where the counterweight basket or the oil cylinder can be kept in the original position without falling during maintenance and the work can be resumed rapidly after the maintenance is finished, thereby saving work time. The steel wire rope fixing mechanism is disposed on the beam of the counterweight basket, thereby avoiding displacement of the steel wire rope caused by long-term work of the steel wire rope of the counterweight basket and further avoiding accidents. In the derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit of the present invention, a telescoping mechanism for oil cylinder leaked oil recovery is not disposed in both the sucker rod side oil cylinder and the counterweight basket side oil cylinder, thereby efficiently saving resources. 
     The present invention has advantages of a reasonable structure, a long service life, high work efficiency, and resource saving. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present invention is further described below in detail in combination with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description of the present invention. 
         FIG. 1  is a schematic overall structural view of the present invention. 
         FIG. 2  is a front view of  FIG. 1 . 
         FIG. 3  is a schematic structural view of a rack. 
         FIG. 4  is a schematic structural view of a guide plate. 
         FIG. 5  is a schematic structural view of a belaying cross arm. 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic oil cylinder of a pumping unit. 
         FIG. 7  is a schematic structural view of a cylinder barrel component. 
         FIG. 8  is a schematic structural view of a cylinder cap component. 
         FIG. 9  is a schematic structural view of a steel wire rope fixing mechanism of a counterweight basket. 
         FIG. 10  is an enlarged view of the part A in  FIG. 9 . 
         FIG. 11  is a schematic structural view of a hydraulic system of a hydraulic station. 
     
    
    
     REFERENCE NUMBERS 
       1 . rack;  2 . counterweight basket;  3 . sucker rod side oil cylinder;  4 . counterweight basket-side oil cylinder;  5 . hydraulic station;  6 . oxbow component;  7 . fixed pulley;  8 . guard bar;  9 . movable pulley;  10 . steel wire rope fixing mechanism;  11 . stand column;  12 . end cover plate;  13 . cross brace;  14 . diagonal brace;  15 . triangle bracket;  16 . hinge;  17 . belaying cross arm structure;  18 . plate component;  19 . plate body;  20 . tightening wheel component;  21 . tightening wheel mounting plate;  22 . cross arm;  23 . belaying wheel;  24 . regulating member;  25 . cylinder barrel;  26 . cylinder head;  27 . cylinder cap component;  28 . cylinder shell;  29 . piston;  30 . piston rod;  31 . annular oil gallery;  32 . cylinder cap body;  33 . fixing member;  34 . inner barrel body;  35 . outer barrel body;  36 . annular plate;  37 . drain port;  38 . pressing sleeve;  39 . dust sleeve;  40 . dust sleeve gland;  41 . felt groove;  42 . felt pad;  43 . pressure plate;  44 . rocking plate;  45 . rope baffle plate;  46 . oil tank;  47 . liquid level gauge;  48 . air filter;  49 . coupler;  50 . plunger pump;  51 . motor;  52 . pressure measuring joint;  53 . pressure gauge;  54 . oil circuit module;  55 . one-way valve;  56 . electromagnetic unloading valve;  57 . electro-hydraulic directional control valve I;  58 . overflow valve;  59 . electro-hydraulic directional control valve II;  60 . power mechanism I;  61 . high-pressure ball valve;  62 . energy accumulator;  63 . liquid level controller;  64 . air cooler;  65 . butterfly valve;  66 . shock absorber throat;  67 . power mechanism II;  68 . pressure measuring hose;  69 . temperature controller;  70 . power driving module;  71 . seal ring;  72 . seal pad;  73 . pressing sleeve mechanism;  74 . oil scraping mechanism. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     As shown in  FIG. 1  to  FIG. 11 , a derrick-type long-stroke hydraulic pumping unit of the present invention comprises a rack  1 , a counterweight basket  2 , a sucker rod side oil cylinder  3 , a counterweight basket side oil cylinder  4 , a hydraulic station  5 , and an oxbow component  6  for fixing a steel wire rope, where six groups of fixed pulleys  7  and a guard bar  8  are disposed on the top of the rack  1 , movable pulleys  9  are disposed at the bottom of each of the sucker rod side oil cylinder  3  and the counterweight basket side oil cylinder  4 , a steel wire rope fixing mechanism  10  is disposed on the counterweight basket  2 , the counterweight basket  2  is connected to the fixed pulleys  7 , the movable pulleys  9  and the oxbow component  6  through the steel wire rope, each of the sucker rod side oil cylinder  3  and the counterweight basket side oil cylinder  4  includes a cylinder barrel component, the cylinder barrel component includes a cylinder barrel  25 , a cylinder head  26  is disposed at one end of the cylinder barrel  25 , a cylinder cap component  27  is disposed at the other end of the cylinder barrel  25 , a cylinder shell  28  is disposed outside the cylinder barrel  25  and is a double layered cylinder shell, a seal ring  71  is disposed at a joint of the cylinder head  26  and the cylinder shell  28 , a piston  29  and a piston rod  30  are disposed inside the cylinder barrel  25 , multiple annual oil grooves  31  are formed on the piston rod  30 , the cylinder cap component  27  includes a cylinder cap body  32 , a pressing sleeve mechanism  73  is disposed on an upper part of the cylinder cap body  32  and is fixedly connected to the cylinder cap body  32  through a fixing member  33 , the fixing member  33  is a bolt, and a seal pad  72  is disposed at a joint of the pressing sleeve mechanism  73  and the cylinder cap body  32 . The cylinder cap body  32  includes an inner barrel body  34  and an outer barrel body  35 , two ends of the inner barrel body  34  and the outer barrel body  35  are connected through an annular plate  36 , a drain port  37  is disposed on the inner barrel body  34 , the pressing sleeve mechanism includes a pressing sleeve  38 , a dust sleeve  39  is embedded inside the pressing sleeve  38 , a dust sleeve gland  40  is disposed on an upper part of the dust sleeve  39 , an oil scraping mechanism  74  is disposed between the cylinder cap body  32  and the pressing sleeve mechanism and includes a felt groove  41 , a felt pad  42 , and a pressure plate  43  disposed on an upper part of the felt groove  41 , and the pressure plate  43  is fixedly connected to the felt groove  41 ; a hydraulic loop of the hydraulic station  5  is a hydraulic system which includes a power driving module  70  and an oil circuit module  54 , where the power driving module  70  includes an oil tank  46  and a power mechanism I  60  and a power mechanism II  67  connected to the oil tank  46 , the oil tank  46  is provided with a liquid level gauge  47 , a liquid level controller  63 , an air filter  48 , and a temperature controller  69 , each of the power mechanism I  60  and the power mechanism II  67  includes a plunger pump  50  and a motor  51  connected to the plunger pump  50  through a coupler  49 , a butterfly valve  65  is disposed between the plunger pump  50  and an oil outlet of the oil tank  46 , a one-way valve  55  is disposed in an oil outlet of the plunger pump  50  and connected to a pressure gauge  53  through a pressure measuring joint  52  and a pressure measuring hose  68 , the oil circuit module  54  includes an electro-hydraulic directional control valve I  57  and an electro-hydraulic directional control valve II  59 , each of the electro-hydraulic directional control valve I  57  and the electro-hydraulic directional control valve II  59  is connected to an energy accumulator  62  through a high-pressure ball valve  61 , an electromagnetic unloading valve  56  is disposed between the electro-hydraulic directional control valve I  57  and the power mechanism I  60 , and the electro-hydraulic directional control valve II  59  is connected to an overflow valve  58 . An air cooler  64  is mounted on the oil tank  46  and connected to the pressure gauge  53  through the pressure measuring joint  52  and the pressure measuring hose  68 . A shock absorber throat  66  is disposed between the plunger pump  50  and the butterfly value  65 . The steel wire rope fixing mechanism  10  is fixedly mounted on a beam of the counterweight basket and includes a rocking plate  44 , rope baffle plates  45  are disposed at two sides of the rocking plate  44  and fixedly connected to the rocking plate  44  through fixing members, the rack  1  includes four stand columns  11  disposed vertically, an end cover plate  12  is disposed on each of an upper end and a lower end of the stand columns  11 , multiple cross braces  13  are sequentially disposed from up to down between the four stand columns  11 , two crossed diagonal braces  14  are disposed between two cross braces  13  located in the same plane, triangular brackets  15  are disposed at two sides of the top of the stand columns  11  and fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the stand columns  11  through hinges  16 , a belaying cross arm structure  17  and a guide plate component  18  are disposed on the cross braces  13 , the guide plate component  18  includes a guide plate body  19  and a tightening wheel component  20 , the tightening wheel component  20  is mounted on the guide plate body  19  through a tightening wheel mounting plate  21 , and four tightening wheel components  20  arranged diagonally are disposed on the guide plate body  19 . The belaying cross arm structure  17  includes a cross arm  22 , the cross arm  22  is fixedly connected to the cross braces  13  of the rack, a belaying wheel  23  is mounted on the cross arm  22 , and a regulating member  24  is disposed between the belaying wheel  23  and the cross arm  22  and is a pin.