Patent Publication Number: US-11665295-B2

Title: Methods, apparatus, and systems for improving printing precision

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/672,624, filed Nov. 4, 2019, which claims the benefit of Chinese Patent Application No. 201811312739.0 filed Nov. 6, 2018, the disclosure of each of which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Applicant has identified a number of deficiencies and problems associated with conventional printer apparatus. Through applied effort, ingenuity, and innovation, many of these identified problems have been solved by developing solutions that are included in embodiments of the present disclosure, many examples of which are described in detail herein. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY 
     Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure relate generally to a printer apparatus and, more particularly, to methods, and systems for operating the printer apparatus. 
     Various embodiments of the present disclosure illustrate a printer apparatus. The printer apparatus includes a printer housing having at least a printer media output. Further, the printer apparatus includes a media hub configured to receive a media roll and supply a media from the media roll along a media path in a print direction to the printer media output. The media includes a plurality of labels. Furthermore, the printer apparatus includes a print head disposed adjacent to the media path and is downstream of the media hub in the print direction. The print head is configured to print content on the plurality of labels. A first media sensor disposed downstream of the print head in the print direction at a predetermined distance from the print head, wherein the first media sensor is configured to generate a first signal indicative of a position of the plurality of labels on the media path. Additionally, the printer apparatus includes a processor communicatively coupled to the media hub, the first media sensor and the print head. The processor is configured to cause the media hub to retract the media in a retract direction along the media path. The retract direction is opposite to the print direction. Further, the processor is configured to monitor the first signal received from the first media sensor, during the retraction of the media along the media path, to detect at least one of a leading edge or a trailing edge of a label of the plurality of labels. Furthermore, the processor is configured to upon detecting the at least one of the leading edge or the trailing edge of the label, cause the media to retract by at least the predetermined distance. 
     In some examples, the printer apparatus further comprising a second media sensor disposed upstream of the print head along the media path with respect to the print direction. The second media sensor is configured to generate a second signal indicative of the position of the plurality of labels on the media path. 
     In some examples, the printer apparatus further includes an image verifier housing disposed in the printer housing, wherein an image capturing device and the first media sensor are disposed in the image verifier housing. The image capturing device is configured to capture an image of the printed content. 
     In some examples, the processor is communicatively coupled to the image capturing device, wherein the processor is further configured to verify the printed content based on the captured image. 
     In some examples, in an instance in which the verification of the printed content fails, the processor is configured to cause the media to retract along the media path. 
     In some examples, wherein the first media sensor is positioned in the image verifier housing such that the first media sensor is positioned upstream of the image capturing device along the media path with respect to the print direction, wherein a first distance between the print head and the first media sensor along the media path is shorter than a second distance between a second media sensor and the print head along the media path. 
     In some examples, the printer apparatus further includes a tear bar positioned proximal to the printer media output and is positioned downstream of the first media sensor. The tear bar is configured to facilitate tearing of the plurality of labels outputted from the printer media output. 
     In some examples, the processor is configured to cause the media to retract along the media path in response to elapsing of a predefined time period. 
     In some examples, the processor is further configured to determine a label length of the plurality of labels, and determine whether the media hub has received a new media roll based on one or more parameters associated with a new media roll, wherein the new media roll includes new media that further includes a plurality of new labels. Based on determining that the media hub receives the new media roll, cause a new media in the new media roll to retract along the media path in the retract direction until a trailing edge of a new label is detected based on the first signal. Further, based on detection of the trailing edge of the new label, cause the new media to retract along the media path in the retract direction until a first distance traversed by the new media is equal to the label length prior to a leading edge of a new label is detected based on the first signal. Upon determining that the first distance traversed by the new media is equal to the label length, retract the new media until the leading edge of the new label is detected by the processor based on the first signal. Further, the processor is configured to determine a second distance that the new media traversed after the new media has traversed by the label length and before the leading edge of the new label is detected by the processor based on the first signal. Furthermore, the processor is configured to modify the label length by the second distance. 
     In some examples, the processor is further configured to determine a label length of the plurality of labels, and determine whether the media hub has received a new media roll based on one or more parameters associated with a new media roll, wherein the new media roll includes new media that further includes a plurality of new labels. Based on determining that the media hub receives the new media roll, cause a new media in the new media roll to retract along the media path in the retract direction until a trailing edge of a new label is detected based on the first signal. Further, based on detection of the trailing edge of the new label, cause the new media to retract along the media path in the retract direction until a leading edge of a new label is detected based on the first signal prior to a distance traversed by the new media is equal to the label length. Upon detecting the leading edge of the new label, determining a first distance that the new media traversed after the detection of the trailing edge and before the detection of the leading edge based on the first signal. Further, the processor is configured to modify the label length as the first distance. 
     Various embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method for operating a printer apparatus that includes a print head. The method includes causing a media hub to retract a media in a retract direction along a media path. Further, the method includes causing a first media sensor to generate a first signal during retraction of the media. Furthermore, the method includes monitoring the first signal to detect at least one of a leading edge or a trailing edge of a label of the plurality of labels. Upon detecting the at least one of the leading edge or the trailing edge of the label, causing the media hub to retract the media by at least a predetermined distance, wherein the predetermined distance is a distance between the print head and the first media sensor. 
     The above summary is provided merely for purposes of providing an overview of one or more exemplary embodiments described herein to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosure. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that the above-described embodiments are merely examples and should not be construed to narrow the scope or spirit of the disclosure in any way. It will be appreciated that the scope of the disclosure encompasses many potential embodiments in addition to those here summarized, some of which are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The description of the illustrative embodiments may be read in conjunction with the accompanying figures. It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements illustrated in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements are exaggerated relative to other elements. Embodiments incorporating teachings of the present disclosure are shown and described with respect to the figures presented herein, in which: 
         FIGS.  1 A- 1 D  illustrate perspective views of a printing apparatus, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIGS.  2 A and  2 B  illustrate example schematics of the printer apparatus, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  3 A  illustrates a perspective view of an example direct thermal printer, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  3 B  illustrates a schematic of an example direct thermal printer, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIGS.  4 A- 4 D  illustrate the image verifier housing, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  5   . illustrates a block diagram of a control system, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  6    illustrates a flowchart for operating the printer apparatus, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  7    illustrates a flowchart of a method for operating the printer apparatus in a calibration mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  8    illustrates a graphical representation of an example second signal, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  9    illustrates a flowchart of a method for determining a length of a plurality of labels, according to the one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  10    illustrates a flowchart for operating the printer apparatus in a print mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein; 
         FIG.  11    illustrates various schematics of an example method of operating the printer apparatus in the print mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein; and 
         FIG.  12    illustrates a flowchart for operating the printer apparatus in a new media mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Some embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the disclosure are shown. Indeed, these disclosures may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. Terminology used in this patent is not meant to be limiting insofar as devices described herein, or portions thereof, may be attached or utilized in other orientations 
     The phrases “in one embodiment,” “according to one embodiment,” and the like generally mean that the particular feature, structure, or characteristic following the phrase may be included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, and may be included in more than one embodiment of the present disclosure (importantly, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment). 
     The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any implementation described herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. 
     If the specification states a component or feature “may,” “can,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “preferably,” “possibly,” “typically,” “optionally,” “for example,” “often,” or “might” (or other such language) be included or have a characteristic, that a specific component or feature is not required to be included or to have the characteristic. Such component or feature may be optionally included in some embodiments, or it may be excluded. 
     In various example embodiments, the term “media” is used herein to mean a printable medium, such as a page or a paper, on which content, such as graphics, text, and/or visual images, may be printed. The media may correspond to a continuous media that may be loaded in a printing apparatus in form of a roll or a stack. In some embodiments, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to having a continuous media. In some embodiments, the media may be divided into a plurality of labels through perforations defined along a width of the media. In some alternative embodiments, the media may be divided into the plurality of labels by one or more marks at a defined distance from each other along the length of the media. In an example embodiment, a contiguous stretch of the media between two consecutive marks or two consecutive perforations corresponds to a label of a plurality of labels. In some examples, each of the plurality of labels includes a printable portion on which content may be printed using a printer apparatus. In some implementations, the printable portion on the label may correspond to the complete label. In such an implementation, the content is printable on the complete label. In another implementation, an area of the printable portion is less than the area of the label. In some embodiments, the media may correspond to a thermal media on which the content is printed on application of heat on the media itself. In alternative embodiments, the media may correspond to a liner media, a liner-less media, and/or the like. 
     Printing systems, such as copiers, printers, facsimile devices or other systems, may be capable of reproducing content, visual images, graphics, texts, etc. on a page or a media. Some examples of the printing systems may include, but not limited to, thermal printers, inkjet printers, laser printers, and/or the like. 
     A typical thermal printer includes a thermal print head that has one or more heating elements. These heating elements may be individually or collectively energized to perform the printing operation. Examples of the thermal printers may include thermal transfer printers and direct thermal printers. Typically, in thermal transfer printer, content is printed on the media by heating a coating of a ribbon so that the coating is transferred to the media. It contrasts with the direct thermal printing where no ribbon is present in the process. After the content is printed, the media is advanced along a media path to output the printed media from a printer media output defined in a housing of the printer. The outputted media may be torn automatically or manually using a tear bar. Post tearing of the printed media, the media is retracted along the media path to align the media (where the content is to be printed) below the print head. Due to various mechanical constraints (such as, but not limited to, gear back lash, feed error, ramp up and ramp down error of the electrical drives) during retraction of the media, the media may not get aligned with the print head, which may lead to improper printing of the content on the media. 
     In various embodiments of the present invention, the printer apparatus includes a media hub that is configured to receive a media roll. The media roll corresponds to a roll of media that includes a plurality of labels. Each of the plurality of labels has a leading edge and a trailing edge. In some examples, the leading edge and the trailing edge of a label of the plurality of labels separate the label from the adjacent labels in the media. In some examples, the media hub causes the media to traverse along a media path. The printer apparatus further includes a print head that is positioned adjacent to the media path. In an example embodiment, the print head may be configured to print content on the media. For example, the print head may be configured to print content on a first label of the plurality of labels. Post printing of the content on the first label, the media hub causes the media to advance along the media path to output the printed first label from the printer media output. Hereinafter, a direction of advancing of the media along the media path (for example, for printing and outputting the printed first label) is referred to as a print direction. 
     In some embodiments, the printer apparatus further includes a first media sensor and a second media sensor. In some embodiments, each of the first media sensor and the second media sensor may correspond to a label stop sensor (LSS sensor). In some embodiments, the first media sensor and the second media sensor are configured to detect a position of the plurality of the labels on the media path. In some embodiments, the first media sensor and the second media sensor are configured to generate a first signal and a second signal, respectively. The first signal and the second signal are indicative of a position of the plurality of labels on the media path. 
     In some embodiments, the first media sensor is positioned downstream of the print head with respect to the print direction, and the second media sensor is positioned upstream of the print head with respect to the print direction. In some embodiments, the first media sensor is positioned between the print head and the printer media output while the second media sensor is positioned between the print head and the media hub. 
     In an example embodiment, the printer apparatus includes a processor that is communicatively coupled to the first media sensor, the print head, and the second media sensor. In some implementations, the processor is configured to control various operations of the printer apparatus. For example, the processor may be configured to cause the print head to print content on the first label. After the content is printed on the first label, the processor causes the media hub to facilitate traversal of the media in the print direction along the media path in order to output the printed first label from the printer media output. When the first label is outputted, a portion of a second label adjacent to the first label also traverses past the print head. After the first label is torn, the processor causes the media to retract until the processor detects the leading edge of the second label based on the first signal generated by the first media sensor. After the detection of the leading edge of the second label, the processor continues causing the media to retract along the media path for a predetermined distance. In some examples, the predetermined distance corresponds to a physical distance between the first media sensor and the print head. Therefore, after the retraction of the media by the predetermined distance, the second label aligns with the print head. As a result, various embodiments of the present invention eliminate the possibility of misalignment between the second label and the print head, and provide technical improvements over convention printer apparatus. 
     In another implementation, when a new media roll (that includes new media having a plurality of new labels) is loaded by a user to the printer apparatus, the processor causes the new media to retract until the processor detects the trailing edge of a new label of the plurality of new labels (based on the first signal generated by the first media sensor). After the detection of the trailing edge, the processor may cause the new media to retract until a distance traversed by the new media is equal to a label length, or until the leading edge of the new label is detected (based on the first signal generated by the first media sensor). In some examples, the label length may correspond to a length of a label of the plurality of labels in the media that was loaded in the printer apparatus prior to the new media. 
     In an instance in which the distance traversed by the new media is equal to the label length and the processor has not detected the leading edge of the new label, the processor may be configured to continue causing the retraction of the new media until the processor detects the leading edge of the new label. Thereafter, the processor may be configured to determine an additional distance that the new media traversed after the new media has been retracted by the distance equal to the label length. The processor may be configured to determine a new label length as a sum of the label length and the additional distance. 
     In an instance in which the processor detects the leading edge of the new label prior to the new media traversing the label length distance, the processor may be configured to determine a distance traversed by the new media subsequent to the detection of the trailing edge of the new label. Thereafter, the processor may be configured to determine the new label length as the determined distance. Because the new label length is being determined (on loading the new media roll) during retraction of the new media based on the detection of the leading edge and the trailing edge of the new label in the new media, the need for calibrating the printer apparatus for the new media roll is avoided. 
       FIGS.  1 A- 1 D  illustrate perspective views of a printer apparatus  100 , according to one or more embodiments described herein. The printer apparatus  100  may include a media hub  102 , a printer media output  104 , a ribbon drive assembly  106 , a ribbon take-up hub  108 , a print head  110 , an image verifier housing  112 , and a printer cover sensor  113 . 
     In an example embodiment, the media hub  102  is configured to receive a media roll  114 . In an example embodiment, the media roll  114  may correspond to a roll of a media  116  that may be a continuous media or may, in some example embodiments, include a plurality of labels  117  that are defined (in or on the media  116 ) by means of one or more perforations or one or more marks. In an example embodiment, the plurality of labels  117  in or on the media  116  may correspond to portions on which the printer apparatus  100  may be configured to print content. In some examples, the one or more perforations and/or the one or more marks may define an edge (e.g., edge  119   a ) between two adjacent labels. Further, each label of the plurality of labels  117  has two edges (e.g., the label  117   a  has edges  119   a  and  119   b ). Similarly, the label  117   b  has the edges  119   b  and  119   c . The edge  119   b  is common edge for both the labels  117   a  and  117   b.    
     In an example embodiment, the media hub  102  is coupled to a first electrical drive (not shown) that actuates the media hub  102 . On actuation, the media hub  102  causes the media roll  114  to rotate, which further causes the media roll  114  to supply the media  116  to the print head  110  along a media path  118  (shaded in  FIG.  1 C ). In an example embodiment, along the media path  118 , the media  116  traverses from the media roll  114  to the print head  110 , the image verifier housing  112 , and the printer media output  104 . In such an embodiment, the direction of the media traversal is referred to as the print direction. In some examples, the media hub  102  may be actuated in such a manner that the media  116  traverses in a direction opposite to the print direction. Hereinafter, the direction of the media traversal opposite to the print direction is referred to as the retract direction. 
     As described, the media  116  includes the plurality of labels  117 , and each label of the plurality of labels  117  includes two edges (e.g.,  119   a  and  119   b ). In an example embodiment, an edge (of the two edges) of a label (e.g.,  117   a ) positioned towards the print direction is referred to as a leading edge of the label (e.g.,  119   a ). The other edge of the two edges of the label  117   a  is referred to as trailing edge of the label (e.g.,  119   b ). Further, the trailing edge (e.g.,  119   b ) is positioned upstream of the leading edge (e.g.,  119   a ) with respect to the print direction. Similarly, for the label  117   b  the edge  119   b  corresponds to the leading edge, while the edge  119   c  corresponds to the trailing edge of the label  117   b.    
     In an example embodiment, the media hub  102  may further include a media roll sensor  103  that may include suitable logic and/or circuitry to determine one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . In an example embodiment, the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  may include a weight of the media roll  114 , a diameter of the media roll  114 , and rotation per minute (rpm) of the media hub  102  (when the media roll  114  supplies the media  116  on the media path  118 ). In an example embodiment, the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  are deterministic of an amount of the media  116  present in the media roll  114 . For example, as the amount of the media  116  in the media roll  114  reduces, the weight of the media roll  114  also reduces. Similarly, the diameter of the media roll  114  reduces as the amount of the media  116  in the media roll  114  reduces. Further, as the diameter of the media roll  114  reduces, the rpm by which the media hub  102  is to be rotated to maintain the supply of the media  116  on the media path  118  increases. Therefore, based on one or more measurements of the one or more parameters, the amount of media  116  present in the media roll  114  may be determined. Some examples of the media roll sensor  103  may include a pressure sensor, a weight sensor, a length sensor, an encoder wheel (configured to determine the rpm of the media hub  102 ), and an array of InfraRed (IR) sensors. 
     In some example embodiments, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the media hub  102  facilitating supply of the media  116  along the media path  118 . In alternative embodiment, the printer apparatus  100  may further include a platen roller (an example platen roller is further described in  FIG.  2 A  and  FIG.  2 B ), in addition to the media hub  102 , that may be positioned along the media path  118 . In such an embodiment, the platen roller may be coupled to the first electrical drive, which actuates the platen roller. On actuation, the platen roller may be configured to pull the media  116  from the media roll  114  (mounted on the media hub  102 ), causing the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118 . In some embodiments, the first electrical drive may be coupled to both the platen roller and the media hub  102  such that both the platen roller and the media hub  102  operate in synchronization. Such configuration of the printer apparatus  100  (that includes the platen roller and the media hub  102 ) is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  2 A  and  FIG.  2 B . 
     In an example embodiment, the printer media output  104  corresponds to a slot in a housing of the printer apparatus  100  through which the printed media (for example printed label) is outputted. The width of the printer media output  104  is in accordance with a width of the media  116 . In some examples, the width of the printer media output  104  may correspond to a maximum width of the media  116  supported by the printer apparatus  100 . At the printer media output  104 , a media output sensor  121  is positioned. In an example embodiment, the media output sensor  121  may correspond to an IR sensor that may be configured to generate a media presence signal when the printed media  116  is outputted from the printer media output  104 . When the printed media  116  is torn from the printer media output  104 , the media output sensor  121  may halt the generation of the media presence signal. 
     The ribbon drive assembly  106  may receive a ribbon roll  120  that corresponds to a roll of a ribbon  122 . In an example embodiment, the ribbon  122  may correspond to an ink media that is utilized to dispose ink onto the media  116  to print content on the media  116 . In an example embodiment, the ribbon drive assembly  106  may be coupled to a second electrical drive that may be configured to actuate the ribbon drive assembly  106 . On actuation of the ribbon drive assembly  106 , the ribbon drive assembly  106  rotates, which causes the ribbon roll  120  to rotate and supply the ribbon  122  along a ribbon path  124  (shaded in  FIG.  1 B ). Along the ribbon path  124 , the ribbon  122  traverses from the ribbon roll  120  to the print head  110  and further to the ribbon take-up hub  108 . 
     In an example embodiment, the ribbon take-up hub  108  may correspond to an assembly that may receive ribbon (i.e., a section of the ribbon  122  from which the ink has been is disposed on the media  116 ). The ribbon take-up hub  108  may also be coupled to a third electrical drive that may be configured to actuate the ribbon take-up hub  108 . On actuation, the ribbon take-up hub  108  pulls the ribbon  122  from the ribbon roll  120 . In some examples, the second electrical drive and the third electrical drive may operate in synchronization such that an amount of ribbon  122  released by the ribbon roll  120  (due to actuation of the second electrical drive) is equal to the amount of ribbon  122  received by the ribbon take-up hub  108 . 
     The print head  110  may correspond to a component that is configured to print the content on the media  116 . In an example embodiment, the print head  110  may include a plurality of heating elements (not shown) that are energized and pressed against the ribbon  122  to perform a print operation. In operation, the print head  110  applies heat on the section of the ribbon  122  and, concurrently, presses the ribbon  122  against the media  116  to transfer the ink on the media  116 . To press the ribbon  122  against the media  116 , the print head  110  travels in a vertically downward direction (or downward direction) to push the ribbon  122  against the media  116 . In embodiments where the media  116  corresponds to thermal paper, the print head  110  may be directly press against the thermal paper to perform the print operation. 
     During the print operation, one or more heating elements of the plurality of heating elements are energized to perform the print operation. The one or more heating elements may be selected based on the data in a print job. For example, if a letter “A” is to be printed, the one or more heating elements that are energized are positioned on the print head  110  in such a manner that when the print head  110  is pressed against the ribbon  122  and the media  116 , letter “A” gets printed on the media  116 . 
     In an example embodiment, after the print operation, the media  116  and the ribbon  122  traverse along the media path  118  and the ribbon path  124 , respectively, such that the printed media  116  traverses along the media path  118  below the image verifier housing  112 . The image verifier housing  112  may include an image capturing device (further described in  FIGS.  4 A- 4 D ) that is configured to capture an image of the printed content. Based on the image of the printed content, the printer apparatus  100  may be configured to verify the printed content (i.e. determine whether the printed content is acceptable), as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . In some examples, the verification of the printed content may enable the printer apparatus  100  to perform various operations such as, but not limited to, correcting the printed content and/or detecting an error in printed. The structure of the image verifier housing  112  is described later in conjunction with  FIGS.  4 A- 4 D . 
     In an example embodiment, after the verification of the printed content, the printed media is outputted from the printer media output  104 . In an example embodiment, the media  116  traverses in the print direction along the media path  118  to output the printed media from the printer media output  104 . 
     In some examples, the printer apparatus  100  may further include a cover (not shown) that may be configured to conceal the various components of the printer apparatus  100  (including, for example, the media hub  102 , the printer media output  104 , the ribbon drive assembly  106 , the ribbon take-up hub  108 , the print head  110 , the image verifier housing  112 , and the printer cover sensor  113 ). In some examples, where the media roll is to be changed, a user of the printer apparatus  100  may remove the cover to change the media roll. In such an example, the removal of the cover needs to be detected so that the operation of the printer apparatus  100  is halted for safety of the user. Therefore, to detect the removal of the cover, the printer apparatus  100  may include the printer cover sensor  113 . The printer cover sensor  113  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry that may be configured to detect whether the cover of the printer apparatus  100  has been removed or opened. In some examples, the printer cover sensor  113  may correspond to a button provided on the housing of the printer apparatus  100 , which is pressed when the cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100  (hereinafter referred to as pressed state). In some examples, the printer cover sensor  113  may be configured to generate a signal when the printer cover sensor  113  is in pressed state. When the cover is removed from the printer apparatus  100 , the button is released (hereinafter referred to as released state). In some examples, the printer cover sensor  113  may be configured to halt generation of the signals and operation of the printer apparatus  100  when the printer cover sensor  113  is in the released state. 
     In an example embodiment, the printer apparatus  100  may be configured to operate in one or more modes. In some examples, the one or more modes of operation of the printer apparatus  100  may include, but are not limited to, a print mode, a new media mode, and a calibration mode. In an example embodiment, the operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode is described in conjunction with  FIG.  7   . In an example embodiment, the operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode is described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . In an example embodiment, the operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the new media mode is described in conjunction with  FIG.  12   . 
       FIG.  1 D  illustrate various electrical and drive components that may be secured to the opposite side of the central support member (chassis) of the printer apparatus  100 . The electrical and drive components may include a stepper motor  126  of a stepper motor assembly, an electronic circuitry  128 , and an electric drive assembly  130  that are secured to the central support member on a side opposite to the printing components. The electronic circuitry  128  may include one or more circuit boards  132 , which may be installed in the printer apparatus  100  by sliding the circuit boards  132  through an opening  134 , formed in the casing of the printer apparatus  100 . The circuit boards  132  may be chosen to suit a specific printing operation to be performed. For example, the electronic circuitry  128  may be changed for different communications interfaces. Alternatively, software can be downloaded via a mechanism, such as COM port or CUPS printer driver, to control a specific printing application. There is further shown a first mounting location  136  and a second mounting location  138  that may be configured to receive the stepper motor assembly. 
     The stepper motor  126  in the stepper motor assembly may be configured to actuate the electrical drives, such as the first, the second, and/or the third electrical drives of various other assemblies as described above, and also a media drive (not shown), thereby controlling the traversal of the media  116  in the print direction and the retract direction. For example, in an example embodiment, the actuation of the stepper motor  126  further actuates the first electrical drive that causes the media hub  102  to rotate, which in turn causes the media roll  114  to supply the media  116  along the media path  118  (shaded in  FIG.  1 C ). In an example embodiment, the actuation of the stepper motor  126  further actuates the second electrical drive that causes ribbon drive assembly  106  to rotate and supply the ribbon  122  along the ribbon path  124  (shaded in  FIG.  1 B ). In an example embodiment, the actuation of the stepper motor  126  further actuates the third electrical drive that may be configured to actuate the ribbon take-up hub  108 . 
     In some examples, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to having a single stepper motor  126  in the printer apparatus  100 . In an example embodiment, the printer apparatus  100  may include more than one stepper motor. For example, the printer apparatus  100  may include individual stepper motor(s) for each of the first electrical drive, the second electrical drive and the third electrical drive. 
       FIG.  2 A  and  FIG.  2 B  illustrate schematics of the printer apparatus  100 , according to one or more embodiments described herein. As illustrated, the printer apparatus  100  further includes a first media sensor  202 , a second media sensor  204 , a control system  206 , and a platen roller  207 . The schematic of the printer apparatus  100  further depicts the media path  118 , and the ribbon path  124 . Furthermore, the schematic of the printer apparatus  100  depicts that the print head  110  is positioned downstream of the media roll  114  in the print direction, and downstream of the ribbon roll  120  along the ribbon path  124 . 
     In an example embodiment, the print head  110  is positioned on top of both the ribbon path  124  and the media path  118 . Further, the ribbon roll  120  is more proximate to the print head  110  in comparison to the media roll  114 . As such, the ribbon  122  (not shown) is more proximate to the print head  110  in comparison to the media  116  (not shown), and is positioned on top of the media  116 . 
     During the print operation, the print head  110  moves in a vertically downward direction (orthogonal to the print direction) to press the ribbon  122  against the media  116  to perform the print operation. More specifically, the print head  110  includes a burn line that heats the section of the ribbon  122  (while the ribbon  122  is pressed against the media  116 ) to perform the print operation. In some examples, the burn line includes the plurality of heating element that are heated to perform the print operation. In  FIGS.  2 A and  2 B , a position of the burn line with respect to the media path  118  is depicted by numeral  208 . Further, in some examples, the burn line  208  is positioned at the first predetermined distance  236  from the printer media output  104 . In an example embodiment, the first predetermined distance  236  is predetermined based on the physical distance between the burn line  208  and the printer media output  104 . 
     In an example embodiment, the platen roller  207  is positioned downstream of the print head  110  along the media path  118  with respect to the print direction. As described above, the platen roller  207  may be coupled to the first electrical drive that enables the platen roller  207  to rotate and pull the media  116  from the media roll  114 , and accordingly cause the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118 . 
     Further, the schematic of the printer apparatus  100  further depicts that the image verifier housing  112  positioned downstream of the print head  110  with respect to the print direction. In an example embodiment, the image verifier housing  112  includes a first housing portion  212  and a second housing portion  214 . In some examples, the second housing portion  214  is closer to the print head  110  compared to the first housing portion  212 . In an example embodiment, the first housing portion  212  includes an image capturing device  216 , while the second housing portion  214  includes the first media sensor  202 . 
     In some example embodiments, the image capturing device  216  may include a lens assembly (not shown) and a sensor assembly (not shown). In an example embodiment, the sensor assembly in the image capturing device  216  may facilitate the image capturing device  216  to capture an image of the printed media within the field of view of the image capturing device  216 . In some examples, the sensor assembly may correspond to a CMOS sensor and/or CCD sensor. In an example embodiment, the field of view of the image capturing device  216  is depicted by the numeral  218 . Hereinafter, the field of view of the image capturing device  216  is referred to as a verifier scan line  218 . 
     In an example embodiment, a distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the burn line  208  corresponds to a second predetermined distance (depicted by  232 ). In some examples, the second predetermined distance  232  is predetermined based on the physical distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the burn line  208 . 
     In an example embodiment, a distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the printer media output  104  corresponds to a third predetermined distance (depicted by  234 ). In some examples, the third predetermined distance  234  is predetermined based on the physical distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the printer media output  104 . 
     In an example embodiment, the first media sensor  202  may correspond to a sensor that is configured to detect a presence of the media  116  on the media path  118 . In some example embodiments, the first media sensor  202  may be configured to detect the presence of the media  116  by determining transmissivity and/or reflectivity of the media  116 . In an example embodiment, the transmissivity of the media  116  may correspond to a measurement of an intensity of a light signal that the media  116  allows to pass through it. In an example embodiment, the reflectivity of the media  116  may corresponds to a measurement of an intensity of light signal that gets reflected from a surface of the media  116 . 
     In some example embodiments, the first media sensor  202  includes a light transmitter  220   a  and a light receiver  222   a . The light transmitter  220   a  may correspond to a light source, such as a Light Emitting Diode (LED), a LASER, and/or the like. The light transmitter  220   a  may be configured to direct the light signal on the media path  118 . The light receiver  222   a  may correspond to at least one of a photodetector, a photodiode, or a photo resistor. The light receiver  222   a  may generate a first signal based on an intensity of the light signal received by the light receiver  222   a . In an example embodiment, the first signal may correspond to a voltage signal, where the one or more characteristics of the voltage signal (such as the amplitude of the voltage signal and the frequency of the voltage signal) are directly proportional or inversely proportional to the intensity of the portion of the light signal received by the first media sensor  202 . 
     Referring now to  FIG.  2 A , the light transmitter  220   a  of the first media sensor  202  may be configured to direct the light signal on the media path  118 . If the media  116  is present on the media path  118 , a portion of light signal may get reflected from the surface of the media  116 . The light receiver  222   a  may receive the portion of the light signal. Based on the intensity of the portion of the light signal, the light receiver  222   a  is configured to generate the first signal. Because the intensity of the portion of the light signal reflected from the surface of the media  116  is dependent on the reflectivity of the media  116 , the first signal generated by the first media sensor  202  (based on the intensity of the portion of the light signal) is indicative of a measurement of the reflectivity of the media  116 . 
     Referring now to  FIG.  2 B , the first media sensor  202  may be configured to determine the transmissivity of the media  116 . To determine the transmissivity of the media  116 , the light receiver  222   b  may receive the portion of the light signal that passes through the media  116 . To receive the portion of the light signal that passes through the media  116 , the light receiver  222   b  is spaced apart from the light transmitter  220   a  in such a manner that the media  116  passes through a space between the light receiver  222   a  and the light transmitter  220   a . When the light transmitter  220   a  directs the light signal on the media  116 , the portion of the light signal passes through the media  116  is receivable by the light receiver  222   b . The light receiver  222   b  may generate the first signal in accordance with the measured intensity of the portion of light signal received. Because the intensity of the portion of the light signal that passes through the media  116  is dependent on the transmissivity of the media  116 , the first signal generated by the first media sensor  202  (based on the intensity of the portion of the light signal) is indicative of a measurement of the transmissivity of the media  116 . 
     In some examples, the first media sensor  202  is configured to generate the first signal in accordance with a predetermined sampling rate associated with the first media sensor  202 . In an example embodiment, the predetermined sampling rate is predetermined based on a frequency at which the first media sensor  202  determines the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  and accordingly transmits the first signal. 
     In an example embodiment, the first media sensor  202  may be utilized to detect a position of the plurality of labels  117  on the media path  118 . As described, each of the plurality of labels  117  in the media  116  have the leading edge  119   a  and the trailing edge  119   b  (formed by perforations or marks). Therefore, when such marks/perforations on the media  116  passes over the first media sensor  202  during traversal of the media  116 , the first media sensor  202  may detect a sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of media  116 . Accordingly, the first signal, generated by the first media sensor  202 , also depict such sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 . For example, the first signal may include spikes or valleys indicating the sudden increase or decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of media  116 . Such spikes and valleys may be utilized to detect the leading edge and trailing edge of labels, and identify the position of the plurality of labels  117  on the media path  118 . 
     In some examples, the second media sensor  204  is similar to the first media sensor  202  structurally and functionally. For example, the second media sensor  204  may be configured to generate a second signal indicative of the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 . In an example embodiment, the first media sensor  202  is located within the image verifier housing  112  such that the first media sensor  202  is between the print head  110  and the image capturing device  216 . In alternative embodiment, the first media sensor  202  may not be located within the image verifier housing. In such an embodiment, the first media sensor  202  may be positioned outside the image verifier housing  112  but between the print head  110  and the image capturing device  216 , without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In an example embodiment, the second media sensor  204  may be positioned upstream of the print head  110  with respect to the print direction, and the second media sensor  204  may be positioned downstream of the media hub  102  with respect to the print direction. 
     In an example embodiment, both the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204  determine the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of a portion of the media within a field of view of the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204 . Hereinafter, the field of views of the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204  are referred to as a first media sensor scan line (depicted by  224 ) and a second media sensor scan line (depicted by  226 ). 
     In an example embodiment, a distance between the first media sensor scan line  224  and the burn line  208  corresponds to a fourth predetermined distance (depicted by  228 ). In some examples, the fourth predetermined distance  228  is predetermined based on a physical distance between the first media sensor scan line  224  and burn line  208  in the print head  110 . 
     In an example embodiment, a distance between the first media sensor scan line  224  and the printer media output  104  corresponds to a fifth predetermined distance  238 . In some examples, the fifth predetermined distance  238  is predetermined based on a physical distance between the printer media output  104  and the first media sensor  202 . 
     In an example embodiment, a distance between the second media sensor scan line  226  and the burn line  208  corresponds to a sixth predetermined distance (depicted by  230 ). In some examples, the sixth predetermined distance  230  is predetermined based on the physical distance between the second media sensor scan line and the burn line  208  in the print head  110 . 
     The printer apparatus  100  further includes a control system  206  that includes suitable logic and circuitry to control the operation of the printer apparatus  100 . For example, the control system  206  may be configured to control the operation of one or more components of the printer apparatus  100  to control the operation of the printer apparatus  100 . For example, the control system  206  may be configured to control the heating/energization of the plurality of heating elements in the print head  110  to execute the print job. Further, the control system  206  may be communicatively coupled with the first media sensor  202 , the second media sensor  204 , the first electrical drive, the second electrical drive, and the third electrical drive. The structure of the control system  206  is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  4   . 
       FIGS.  1 A,  1 B,  1 C, and  1 D  depict the printer apparatus  100  as the thermal transfer printer. In some embodiments, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the printer apparatus  100  being a thermal transfer printer. In alternate embodiments, the printer apparatus  100  may correspond to a direct thermal or laser printer, as is further described in conjunction with  FIGS.  3 A and  3 B , which illustrate a perspective view and a schematic of an example direct thermal printer  300 , respectively, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     Referring to  FIG.  3 A , the direct thermal printer  300  includes a housing  302  that includes a top cover  303  and a main body  304 . The top cover  303  is pivotally coupled to the main body  304 . Further, the top cover  303  receives the print head  305  and the image verifier housing  307 . The main body  304  of the direct thermal printer  300  has a print bed  306  from which a pair of media support members  308  extends in an upward direction. The pair of media support members  308  is configured to receive the media roll  309 . In an example embodiment, the media  310  in the media roll  309  corresponds to a thermal print media. 
     In an example embodiment, the main body  304  is further configured to receive a platen roller  312  is configured to cause the media  310  to traverse from the media roll  309  to a printer media output  314 . When the direct thermal printer  300  executes a print job, the print head  305  may directly press against the media  310  to print content on the media  310 . Because the media  310  is a thermal media, the content is printed on the media  310  on application of heat (through pressing the plurality of heating elements of the print head  305  against the media  310 ). 
     Referring to  FIG.  3 B , the direct thermal printer  300  further includes the second media sensor  322 , the image verifier housing, and the control system  326 . Similar to as described above regarding the printer apparatus  100 , the image verifier housing  307  in the direct thermal printer  300  may include the first media sensor  324  and the image capturing device  328 . 
     For the purpose of ongoing description, the various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in view of the printer apparatus  100 . However, the embodiments described herein are also applicable of the direct thermal printer  300 , without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
       FIGS.  4 A- 4 D  illustrate the image verifier housing  112 , according to one or more embodiments described herein. Referring to  FIG.  4 A , a cutaway inside view of the image verifier housing  112  is illustrated. The image verifier housing  112  includes the first housing portion  212  and the second housing portion  214 . The first housing portion  212  includes a window  404 , a circuit board  406 , the image capturing device  216 , a lens array  408 , a light board  410 , a plurality of light sources  414  (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs)), and an ultrasonic vibrator  412 . The first housing portion  402  forms an enclosure for protecting the internal components, such as the circuit board  406 , the image capturing device  216 , the lens array  408 , the light board  410 , the plurality of light sources  414  (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs)), and the ultrasonic vibrator  412  of the image verifier housing  112 . 
     The window  404 , which may correspond to an open or may be composed of a transparent material (such as glass), permits the plurality of light sources  414  in the image verifier housing  112  to project light upon the printed media. Based on the projected light, the image capturing device  216  captures an image of printed media as the print media traverses across the window  404  (in the print direction). 
     The circuit board  406  may be configured to facilitate communication between various other internal components, such as the image capturing device  216 , the lens array  408 , the light board  410 , the plurality of light sources  414 , and the ultrasonic vibrator  412 . In various embodiments, the internal components may be electrically coupled with each other through the circuit board  406 . 
     In an example embodiment, the image capturing device  216  may be an array of linear sensors configured to capture images of the printed media as the media  116  traverses past the window  404  of the first housing portion  402 . 
     The lens array  408  may be a group of lenses arranged in a specific pattern configured to receive reflected light from the printed media and direct the reflected light on the image capturing device  216 . In an example embodiment, the image capturing device  216  may generate the image of the printed content based on the received reflected light. In some examples, the lens array  408  may have one or more rows of gradient index lenses, with each lens having a continuous change of refractive index inside a cylinder. The one or more rows of gradient index (GRIN) lenses, such as a SELFOC® brand lens array, couple the light reflected from the printed content on the media  116  to the image capturing device  216 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  4 B , in an example embodiment, the light board  410  may be configured to support the plurality of light sources  414  (e.g., light emitting diodes (LEDs)) in the first housing portion  402 . In an example embodiment, the plurality of light sources  414  may be spread out across the length of the light board  410  in a specified pattern for illuminating the printed media. The plurality of light sources  414  may be configured to illuminate and project light upon the printed media as the media  116  traverse across the window  404 . The plurality of light sources  414  correspond to LEDs that are fixed on the light board  410  in the specified pattern. In this example embodiment, as illustrated in  FIG.  4 B , there are shown 12 LEDs as the plurality of light sources  414 . However, the plurality of light sources  414  may include more or fewer light sources for illuminating the printed media  116  in other example embodiments. 
     As shown in  FIG.  4 C , the ultrasonic vibrator  412  may be mounted directly on the window  404 . The ultrasonic vibrator  412  may be configured to vibrate the window  404  to prevent dust or other small particles from settling on the surface of the window  404 . In some embodiments, the ultrasonic vibrator  412  may be a piezoelectric element. 
     The image verifier housing  112  include the second housing portion  214 . The second housing portion  214  is mechanically coupled to the first housing portion  212  such that the second housing portion  214  is proximate to the print head  110 . As described above, the second housing portion  214  includes the light transmitter  220   a  and the light receiver  222   a . In some examples, the first housing portion  212  and the second housing portion  214  may be integrally formed to create the image verifier housing  112 . 
     Referring to  FIG.  4 D , a schematic diagram of various components of the image verifier housing  112  is shown. The image verifier housing  112  may be configured to receive a plurality of signals including an encoder signal, power and ground signals, and a light control signal from the control system  206  of the printer apparatus  100 . The power interface circuit  422  receives such signals, buffers the signals as necessary, and supplies appropriate signals to several other components in the image verifier housing  112 . The power interface circuit  422  may include the necessary components to supply appropriate power and ground signals to the other components in the image verifier housing  112 . 
     In some examples, the light source  414  provides light through window  404  to illuminate the field of view of the image capturing device  216 . In an example embodiment, the field of view of the image capturing device  216  may include the label  117   a . The reflected light from the label  117   a  passes through window  404  to lens array  408  and is measured by the image capturing device  216 . In some examples, the image capturing device  216  may transmit the captured image to the control system  206 . 
     Further, referring to  FIG.  4 D , the first media sensor  202  in the second housing portion  214  may be configured to direct the light signal on the media  116  (for example the label  117   a ), which gets reflected from the surface of the media  116  and is received by the light receiver  222   a . As described, the light receiver  222   a  may be configured to generate the first signal based on the received intensity of the light signal. Further, the light receiver  222   a  may be configured to transmit the first signal to the control system  206 . 
       FIG.  5   . illustrates a block diagram of the control system  206 , according to one or more embodiments described herein. The control system  206  includes a processor  502 , a memory device  504 , a communication interface  506 , an input/output (I/O) device interface unit  508 , a calibration unit  510 , a print operation unit  512 , a signal processing unit  514 , an image processing unit  516 , and a media alignment unit  518 . In an example embodiment, the processor  502  may be communicatively coupled to each of the memory device  504 , the communication interface  506 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the calibration unit  510 , the print operation unit  512 , the signal processing unit  514 , the image processing unit  516 , and the media alignment unit  518 . 
     The processor  502  may be embodied as a means including one or more microprocessors with accompanying digital signal processor(s), one or more processor(s) without an accompanying digital signal processor, one or more coprocessors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more controllers, processing circuitry, one or more computers, various other processing elements including integrated circuits such as, for example, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or field programmable gate array (FPGA), remote or “cloud” processors, or some combination thereof. Accordingly, although illustrated in  FIG.  5    as a single processor, in an embodiment, the processor  502  may include a plurality of processors and signal processing modules. The plurality of processors may be embodied on a single electronic device or may be distributed across a plurality of electronic devices collectively configured to function as the circuitry of the control system  206 . The plurality of processors may be in operative communication with each other and may be collectively configured to perform one or more functionalities of the circuitry of the control system  206 , as described herein. In an example embodiment, the processor  502  may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory device  504  or otherwise accessible to the processor  502 . These instructions, when executed by the processor  502 , may cause the circuitry of the control system  206  to perform one or more of the functionalities, as described herein. 
     Whether configured by hardware, firmware/software methods, or by a combination thereof, the processor  502  may include an entity capable of performing operations according to embodiments of the present disclosure while configured accordingly. Thus, for example, when the processor  502  is embodied as an ASIC, FPGA or the like, the processor  502  may include specifically configured hardware for conducting one or more operations described herein. Alternatively, as another example, when the processor  502  is embodied as an executor of instructions, such as may be stored in the memory device  504 , the instructions may specifically configure the processor  502  to perform one or more algorithms and operations described herein. 
     Thus, the processor  502  used herein may refer to a programmable microprocessor, microcomputer or multiple processor chip or chips that can be configured by software instructions (applications) to perform a variety of functions, including the functions of the various embodiments described above. In some devices, multiple processors may be provided dedicated to wireless communication functions and one processor dedicated to running other applications. Software applications may be stored in the internal memory before they are accessed and loaded into the processors. The processors may include internal memory sufficient to store the application software instructions. In many devices, the internal memory may be a volatile or nonvolatile memory, such as flash memory, or a mixture of both. The memory can also be located internal to another computing resource (e.g., enabling computer readable instructions to be downloaded over the Internet or another wired or wireless connection). 
     The memory device  504  may include suitable logic, circuitry, and/or interfaces that are adapted to store a set of instructions that is executable by the processor  502  to perform predetermined operations. Some of the commonly known memory implementations include, but are not limited to, a hard disk, random access memory, cache memory, read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) &amp; electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, a compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc read only memory (DVD-ROM), an optical disc, circuitry configured to store information, or some combination thereof. In an embodiment, the memory device  504  may be integrated with the processor  502  on a single chip, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     The communication interface  506  may correspond to a communication interface that may facilitate transmission and reception of messages and data to and from various devices. For example, the communication interface  506  is communicatively coupled with a computing device (not shown). Examples of the communication interface  506  may include, but are not limited to, an antenna, an Ethernet port, a USB port, a serial port, or any other port that can be adapted to receive and transmit data. The communication interface  506  transmits and receives data and/or messages in accordance with the various communication protocols, such as, I2C, TCP/IP, UDP, and 5G, 5G, or 5G communication protocols. 
     The I/O device interface unit  508  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry that may be configured to communicate with the one or more components of the printer apparatus  100 , in accordance with one or more device communication protocols such as, but not limited to, I2C communication protocol, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) communication protocol, Serial communication protocol, Control Area Network (CAN) communication protocol, and 1-Wire® communication protocol. In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may communicate with the first media sensor  202 , the second media sensor  204 , the image capturing device  216 , the media roll sensor  103 , the printer cover sensor  113 , and the stepper motor  126 . In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may receive the first signal and the second signal from the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204 , respectively. Further, in some examples, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the stepper motor  126  to actuate the first electrical drive associated with the media hub  102 . As described, the actuation of the first electrical drive causes the media hub  102  to rotate and supply the media  116  on the media path  118 . Some examples of the I/O device interface unit  508  may include, but not limited to, a Data Acquisition (DAQ) card, an electrical drives driver circuit, and/or the like. 
     The calibration unit  510  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry for calibrating the printer apparatus  100 , as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  7   . In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to determine one or more parameters of the media  116  (for example, a length of the plurality of labels  117  in the media  116 ), as is further described in  FIG.  9   . Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, the one or more parameters of the media  116  may further include, but may not limited to, a width of the media  116 , and a type of media  116 . Hereinafter, the length of the plurality of labels  117  is referred to as label length. In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to store the one or more parameters associated with the media  116  in the memory device  504 . In some embodiments, the calibration unit  510  includes a separate processor. In some embodiments, the calibration unit  510  may leverage processor  502 . The calibration unit  510  may be implemented using hardware components of the apparatus configured by either hardware or software for implementing the functions described herein. 
     The print operation unit  512  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry that may cause the printer apparatus  100  to perform a print operation, as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . In an example embodiment, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to receive the print job from the computing device. Thereafter, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to perform the print operation based on the print job. For instance, during the print operation, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to instruct the I/O device interface unit  508  to actuate the first electrical drive, the second electrical drive, and the third electrical drive, which are associated with the media hub  102 , the ribbon drive assembly  106 , and ribbon take-up hub  108 , respectively, to cause the traversal of the media  116  and the ribbon  122  along the media path  118  and the ribbon path  124 , respectively. Further, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to control the operation of the print head  110  (for example energization of the one or more heating elements and the vertical translation of the print head  110 ) to perform the print operation. In some embodiments, the print operation unit  512  includes a separate processor. In some embodiments, the print operation unit  512  may leverage processor  502 . The print operation unit  512  may be implemented using hardware components of the apparatus configured by either hardware or software for implementing the functions described herein. 
     The signal processing unit  514  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry for analyzing the first signal and the second signal received from the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204 , respectively. In an example embodiment, the signal processing unit  514  may include a digital signal processor that may be configured to analyze the first signal and the second signal to determine one or more measurements of one or more characteristics of the first signal and the second signal, as is described in  FIGS.  7  and  8   . In an example embodiment, the one or more characteristics of the first signal and the second signal may include, but are not limited to, an amplitude and a frequency of the first signal and the second signal. Further, the signal processing unit  514  may utilize one or more signal processing techniques such as, but not limited to, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) to analyze the first signal and the second signal. In some embodiments, the signal processing unit  514  includes a separate processor. In some embodiments, the signal processing unit  514  may leverage processor  502 . The signal processing unit  514  may be implemented using hardware components of the apparatus configured by either hardware or software for implementing the functions described herein. 
     The image processing unit  516  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry for receiving the image of the printed content from the image capturing device  216  in the image verifier housing  112 . In an example embodiment, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to verify the printed content based on the captured image of the printed content, as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . In some embodiments, the image processing unit  516  includes a separate processor. In some embodiments, the image processing unit  516  may leverage processor  502 . The image processing unit  516  may be implemented using hardware components of the apparatus configured by either hardware or software for implementing the functions described herein. 
     The media alignment unit  518  may include suitable logic and/or circuitry for aligning the media  116  with the print head  110 , as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . More particularly, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to align one of plurality of labels  117  with the print head  110 , as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . Additionally, the media alignment unit  518  may be further configured to update the length of the plurality of labels  117  when a new media roll is installed in the printer apparatus  100 , as is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  12   . In some embodiments, the media alignment unit  518  includes a separate processor. In some embodiments, the media alignment unit  518  may leverage processor  502 . The media alignment unit  518  may be implemented using hardware components of the apparatus configured by either hardware or software for implementing the functions described herein. 
     In some examples, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the control system  206  comprising the aforementioned components and/or units. In an example embodiment, some of the components may be implemented in other components of the printer apparatus  100 . For example, the image processing unit  516  may be implemented in the image capturing device  216  (in the image verifier housing  112 ). Similarly, in some examples, the signal processing unit  514  may be implemented in the first media sensor  202  or the second media sensor  204 , without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
       FIGS.  6 - 7 ,  9 - 10 , and  12    illustrate example flowcharts of the operations performed by an apparatus, such as the printer apparatus  100  as shown in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 C  and the direct thermal printer  300  as shown in  FIGS.  3 A- 3 B  in accordance with example embodiments of the present invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the flowcharts, may be implemented by various means, such as hardware, firmware, one or more processors, circuitry and/or other devices associated with execution of software including one or more computer program instructions. For example, one or more of the procedures described above may be embodied by computer program instructions. In this regard, the computer program instructions which embody the procedures described above may be stored by a memory of an apparatus employing an embodiment of the present invention and executed by a processor in the apparatus. As will be appreciated, any such computer program instructions may be loaded onto a computer or other programmable apparatus (e.g., hardware) to produce a machine, such that the resulting computer or other programmable apparatus provides for implementation of the functions specified in the flowcharts&#39; block(s). These computer program instructions may also be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable storage memory that may direct a computer or other programmable apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage memory produce an article of manufacture, the execution of which implements the function specified in the flowcharts&#39; block(s). The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable apparatus to cause a series of operations to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide operations for implementing the functions specified in the flowcharts&#39; block(s). As such, the operations of  FIGS.  6 - 7 ,  9 - 10 , and  12   , when executed, convert a computer or processing circuitry into a particular machine configured to perform an example embodiment of the present invention. Accordingly, the operations of  FIGS.  6 - 7 ,  9 - 10 , and  12    define algorithms for configuring a computer or processor, to perform an example embodiment. In some cases, a general purpose computer may be provided with an instance of the processor which performs the algorithm of  FIGS.  6 - 7 ,  9 - 10 , and  12    to transform the general purpose computer into a particular machine configured to perform an example embodiment. 
     Accordingly, blocks of the flowchart support combinations of means for performing the specified functions and combinations of operations for performing the specified functions. It will also be understood that one or more blocks of the flowcharts&#39;, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based computer systems which perform the specified functions, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions. 
       FIG.  6    illustrates a flowchart  600  for operating the printer apparatus  100 , according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     At step  602 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for determining whether an input to configure the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode is received. In some embodiments, a user of the printer apparatus  100  may provide the input (corresponding to operating the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode) by pressing one or more buttons provided on an input panel of the printer apparatus  100  in a predetermined pattern. In an example embodiment, the predetermined pattern may correspond to pressing the button in a predetermined sequence or for a predetermined time duration. For example, the user may keep a button pressed for 10 seconds. In some example embodiments, the predetermined pattern may be pre-configured during manufacturing of the printer apparatus  100 . 
     If the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the input to configure the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode is received, the processor  502  may be configured to perform step  604 . At step  604 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the calibration unit  510 , and/or the like, for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode. The operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  7   . 
     However, if at step  602 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the input to configure the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode is not received, the processor  502  may be configured to perform step  606 . At step  606 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for determining whether the printer cover is removed. In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to monitor the signal received from the printer cover sensor  113  to determine whether the printer cover sensor  113  is in the pressed state or in the released state. As described, the printer cover sensor  113  is in pressed state when the cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100 . Further, in the pressed state, the printer cover sensor  113  generates the signal. As described, the printer cover sensor  113  is in the released state when the cover is removed from the printer apparatus  100 . In the released state, the printer cover sensor  113  halts the generation of the signal. 
     Accordingly, at step  606 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determine whether the cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100  based on the reception of the signal from the printer cover sensor  113 . For example, when the I/O device interface unit  508  receives the signal, the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the printer cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100 , and may be configured to perform step  620 . If the I/O device interface unit  508  does not receives the signal from the printer cover sensor  113 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the printer cover has been removed from the printer apparatus  100 , and may be configured to perform step  608 . 
     At step  608 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for determining a measurement of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . As described, the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  includes the weight of the media roll  114 , the diameter of the media roll  114 , and the rpm with which the media hub  102  rotates to supply the media  116  on the media path  118 . 
     In some embodiments, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media roll sensor  103  to determine the measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  when the cover of the printer apparatus  100  is removed. For example, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media roll sensor  103  to determine the measurement of the weight of the media roll  114  and the diameter of the media roll  114  when the cover of the printer apparatus  100  is removed. Further, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to store the measurements of the weight of the media roll  114  and the diameter of the media roll  114  in the memory device  504  as previous measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . In some embodiments, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to store the last known measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  in the memory device  504  as the previous measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . 
     In some embodiments, the last known measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  may correspond to measurements determined at a time instant prior to removal of the printer cover. For example, the I/O device interface unit  508  may have caused the media roll sensor  103  to determine the measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  prior to removal of the printer cover, such as during execution of a print job. 
     At step  610 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for determining whether the printer cover of the printer apparatus  100  has been reattached. In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may utilize similar methodology as is described in step  606  to determine whether the cover has been reattached to the printer apparatus  100 . For example, the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine that the cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100  based on the reception of the signal from the printer cover sensor  113 . If the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the cover is attached to the printer apparatus  100 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to perform step  612 . However, if the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the cover is not attached to the printer apparatus  100 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to repeat step  610 . 
     At step  612 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing the media roll sensor  103  to determine current measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . 
     At step  614 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for comparing the current measurement(s) of the one or more parameters associated with the current media roll with the previous measurement(s) of the one or more parameters associated with the previous media roll (retrieved from the memory device  504 ) to determine whether they are different. For example, the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine the current measurement of the weight of the media roll as 250 gm, and retrieves the previous weight of the media roll as 100 gm. Therefore, based on the comparison, the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine that the weight of the media roll  114  has increased. Accordingly, the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the current measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  are different from the previous measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 . 
     If, at step  614 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the current measurement(s) of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  are different from the previous measurement(s) of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to perform step  616 . However, if the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the current measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114  are not different from the previous measurements of the one or more parameters associated with the media roll  114 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to perform step  620 . 
     At step  616 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for determining that a new media roll has been installed in the printer apparatus  100 . Accordingly, at  618 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the new media mode. The operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the new media mode is described in conjunction with  FIG.  12   . 
     At step  620 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , and/or the like, for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode. The operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode is described in conjunction with  FIG.  10   . 
       FIG.  7    illustrates a flowchart  700  of a method for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the calibration mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     At step  702 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the calibration unit  510 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  in the print direction. In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to instruct the I/O device interface unit  508  to actuate the first electrical drive associated with the media hub  102  and the platen roller  207 . The actuation of the first electrical drive causes the media hub  102  and the platen roller  207  to rotate, which in turn causes the media roll  114  to supply the media  116  along the media path  118 . As the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 , the media  116  also traverses with respect to the first media sensor  202  and the second media sensor  204 . 
     In some examples, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to actuate the first electrical drive at a predetermined angular velocity. In an example embodiment, the actuation of the first electrical drive at the predetermined angular velocity causes the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  at a determined linear speed. In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to store the predetermined angular velocity of the first electrical drive and the determined linear speed of the media  116  in the memory device  504 . 
     At step  704 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the calibration unit  510 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for receiving the second signal from the second media sensor  204  while the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 . As described above, the second signal corresponds to the voltage signal that is representative of the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  as the media  116  traverses along the media path  118  in the print direction. Further, as described above, the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  is determined based on the intensity of the portion of the light signal reflected from the surface of the media  116  or transmitted through the media  116 . Therefore, the second signal generated by the second media sensor  204  is representative of the intensity of the portion of the light signal received by the second media sensor  204 . More specifically, the one or more characteristics of the second signal (such as the amplitude of the second signal and the frequency of the second signal) are representative of the intensity of the portion of the light signal received by the media sensor  204 . For example, if the intensity of the portion of light signal received by the second media sensor  204  at a first time instant is greater than the intensity of the portion of the light signal received by the second media sensor  204  at a second time instant, the amplitude of the second signal generated by the second media sensor  204  at the first time instant is greater than the intensity of the second signal generated by the second media sensor  204  at the second time instant. 
     In an example embodiment, as the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 , different sections of the media  116  passes over the second media sensor  204 . Accordingly, the measure of the transmissivity/reflectivity varies as the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 . Further, as described above, the media  116  has the plurality of labels  117  that has the leading edge  119   a  and the trailing edge  119   b  (i.e., defined by the one or more perforations and/or the one or more marks). When such marks/perforations pass over the second media sensor  204  while the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 , the second media sensor  204  may sense a sudden increase in the intensity of the light signal or a sudden decrease in the intensity of the light signal, received by the light receiver of the second media sensor  204 . Accordingly, the second media sensor  204  generates the second signal that may be indicative of such variations in received light signals. For example, such sudden increase in the intensity of the received light signal may be depicted by a peak in the second signal (i.e., a spike in the amplitude of the second signal). In another example, the sudden decrease in the intensity of the light signal may be depicted by a valley in the second signal. One such example second signal is described in conjunction with  FIG.  8   . 
       FIG.  8    illustrates a graphical representation  800  of an example second signal, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     The graphical representation  800  includes an X-axis  802  and a Y-axis  804 . The X-axis  802  represents the time duration for which the example second signal is received. The Y-axis  804  represents a measure of amplitude of the example second signal. The curve  806  represents the variation in the measurement of the amplitude of the example second signal. For example, the curve  806  has various peaks such as  808   a  and  808   b . The peak  808   a  and the peak  808   b  are chronologically spaced apart from each other. Further, the peaks  808   a  and  808   b  depict sudden increase in the measure of transmissivity of the media  116  as the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 . As described, the sudden increase in the measure of transmissivity of the media  116  is due to, for example, passing of a perforation (e.g., the leading edge or the trailing edge of the label (e.g.,  117   a )) on the media  116  over the second media sensor  204 . Therefore, the peaks  808   a  and  808   b  may represent that the perforations on the media  116  may have traversed over the second media sensor  204 , as the media  116  traverses along the media path  118 . 
     Further, as described above, the perforations are utilized to divide the media  116  in the plurality of labels  117 , and each label of the plurality of labels  117  has two perforations that are utilized to define the two edges of the label (i.e., the leading edge  119   a  and the trailing edge  119   b ). Therefore, in some examples, when the perforation passes over the second media sensor  204 , either the leading edge  119   a  or the trailing edge  119   b  associated with the label (e.g.,  117   a ) of the plurality of labels  117  may have traversed over the second media sensor  204 . Accordingly, the peaks  808   a  and  808   b  may depict the leading edge  119   a  and the trailing edge  119   b  of the label  117   a , respectively. 
     Referring back to  FIG.  7   , at step  706 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the calibration unit  510 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for determining the length of the plurality of labels  117  in the media  116  based on the received second signal. The determination of the length of the plurality of labels  117  is further described in conjunction with  FIG.  9   . 
       FIG.  9    illustrates a flowchart  900  of a method for determining the length of the plurality of labels  117 , according to the one or more embodiments described herein. 
     At step  902 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for identifying a plurality of peaks in the second signal (received in the step  704 ). In an example embodiment, the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to utilize one or more signal processing techniques to identify the plurality of peaks in the received second signal, including, but are not limited to, running averages, signal smoothening, wavelet transformation, and/or the like. As described above, the plurality of peaks in the second signal may be representative the sudden increase in the measure of transmissivity of the media  116 , and the sudden increase in the measure of transmissivity of the media  116  indicates that either the leading edge or the trailing edge of the label of plurality of labels  117  has traversed over the second media sensor  204  during the traversal of the media  116  along the media path  118 . 
     At step  904 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for determining a time duration between two consecutive peaks in the second signal. As described above, the plurality of peaks represents either the leading edge or the trailing edge (defined by the perforations) of plurality of labels  117 , and a contiguous stretch of the media  116  between two consecutive perforations corresponds to the label  117   a  in the media  116 . Accordingly, the time duration between the two consecutive peaks may correspond to a time period that the label  117   a  took to traverse past the second media sensor  204  during traversal of the media  116  along the media path  118 . 
     At step  906 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the calibration unit  510 , and/or the like, for determining the length of the label  117   a  based on the determined time duration between the two consecutive peaks and the determined linear speed of media traversal along the media path  118 . As described above, during calibration, the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media to traverse along the media path  118  at the determined linear speed (by rotating the media roll  114  at the predetermined angular velocity). Therefore, in an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may utilize the relationship between the speed and time to determine the length of the label  117   a . Further, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to store the determined length of the label  117   a  in the memory device  504  as original label length. 
     In some embodiments, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to determining the original label length as is described in conjunction with  FIG.  9   . In an example embodiment, other methods can be utilized to determine the original label length of the plurality of labels  117 , without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 
     In some embodiments, the scope of the disclosure is not limited to the calibration unit  510  utilizing the second signal, received from the second media sensor  204 , to determine the original label length of the plurality of labels  117 . In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may be configured to utilize the first signal received from the first media sensor  202  to determine the original label length of the plurality of labels  117 . In an example embodiment, the calibration unit  510  may utilize the methodologies described in the flowchart  900  to determine the original label length based on the first signal. 
       FIG.  10    illustrates a flowchart  1000  for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     At step  1002 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the communication interface  506 , the print operation unit  512 , and/or the like, for receiving a print job from the computing device. In an example embodiment, the print operation unit  512  may receive the print job through the communication interface  506 . In some examples, the print job may include information pertaining to the content to be printed on the media  116 . Further, the print job may include information pertaining to a location on the media  116  where the content is to be printed. For instance, the print job may include information pertaining to the coordinates on the label  117   a  where the content is to be printed. Further, on receiving the print job, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to store the content to be printed in the memory device  504  as reference content. 
     At step  1004 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing the print head  110  to print the content on the media  116 . For example, the print operation unit  512  may cause the print head  110  to print content on the label  117   a . In an example embodiment, prior to printing the content on the label  117   a , the print operation unit  512  may be configured to align a printable portion on the label  117   a  with the burn line  208 . 
     In some examples, the printable portion of the label  117   a  may correspond to a region on the label  117   a  where the content is printable. In some examples, the printable portion of the label  117   a  may located at a distance from the leading edge  119   a  and the trailing edge  119   b . For example, the printable portion of the label  117   a  is located at the distance of 0.5 mm from the leading edge of the label  117   a . In some examples, such distance from the leading edge  119   a  of the label  117   a  may be inputted by the user of the printer apparatus  100 . In an example embodiment, the user of the printer apparatus  100  may input the value of the distance through the computing device. In an alternative embodiment, the user may input the value of the distance from the leading edge  119   a  of the label  117   a  while creating the print job to be executed on the printer apparatus  100 . 
     To align the printable portion of the label  117   a  with the burn line  208 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media hub  102  to rotate, which in turn causes the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  by a first distance. In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine the first distance based on the label length and the sixth predetermined distance  230  between the burn line  208  and the second media sensor scan line  226  as shown in  FIG.  2 A . For example, if the sixth predetermined distance is 50 mm and the label length is 10 mm, the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine that the count of labels of the plurality of labels  117  between the second media sensor scan line  226  and the burn line  208  is 5. When a leading edge of a label (for example, a label X) of the plurality of labels  117  aligns with the second media sensor scan line  226 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the 5 th  label from the label X has a leading edge aligned with the burn line  208 . Thereafter, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media  116  to move in the print direction by the distance of, for example 0.5 mm based on user input, to align the printable portion with the burn line. 
     In an example embodiment, the print operation unit  512  may cause the print head  110  to heat one or more heating elements of the plurality of heating elements based on the content to be printed and the coordinates on the label  117   a  to print the content. For example, if the content corresponds to a margin to be printed on a periphery of the label  117   a , the print operation unit  512  may cause the print head  110  to heat the one or more heating elements at the corners of the burn line  208  in order to print margins on the label  117   a.    
     Concurrently, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  in the print direction. As the media  116  continues traversal along the media path  118  in the print direction, after a time duration (since the printing operation was initiated), a portion of the label  117   a  (on which the content is being printed) moves to the location corresponding to the verifier scan line  218 . In an example embodiment, such a scenario occurs when the label length of the plurality of labels  117  is greater than the second predetermined distance  232  between the burn line  208  and the verifier scan line  218  as shown in  FIG.  2 A . 
     In certain implementations, where the label length of the plurality of labels  117  is less than the second predetermined distance  232  between the burn line  208  and the verifier scan line  218 , the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  in the print direction after the printing of the content on the label  117   a  is complete. 
     At step  1006 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , the image processing unit  516 , and/or the like, for causing the image capturing device  216  to capture the image of the printed content on the portion of label  117   a . After the image capturing device  216  captures the image of the printed content on the portion of the label  117   a , the image processing unit  516  receives the captured image from the image capturing device  216 . 
     At step  1008 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , the image processing unit  516 , and/or the like, for determining whether the printed content is acceptable based on the captured image. To determine whether the printed content is acceptable, in an example embodiment, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to compare the captured image (i.e., the image of the portion of the label  117   a ) with the reference content (stored in the memory device  504  in the step  1002 ). As described, the reference content corresponds to the content received in the print job. Therefore, based on the comparison, the image processing unit  516  determines whether the content received from the print job is correctly reproduced on the portion of the label  117   a . For example, the image processing unit  516  may compare the image of the portion of the label  117   a  with corresponding reference content to determine whether the content received in the print job is correctly reproduced on the label  117   a . In some examples, image processing unit  516  may compare the image of portion of the label  117   a  and the corresponding reference content based on the type of the reference content. Some examples of reference content types may include, but are not limited to, an indicia, a text content, an image, etc. 
     For example, if the type of reference content corresponds to an indicia (such as a barcode), the image processing unit  516  may be configured to decode the barcode from the captured image. Further, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to decode the barcode from the reference content. Thereafter, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to determine whether the decoded information obtained from the captured image is same as the decoded information received from the reference content. If the decoded information obtained from both the reference content and the captured image are the same, the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is acceptable. However, if the decoded information obtained from the reference content and the captured image are not the same, the image processing unit  516  may determine that the printed content is not acceptable. 
     In another example, if the type of the reference content is text content, the image processing unit  516  may configured to perform Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on the captured image to obtain text. Thereafter, the image processing unit  516  may compare the text from the reference content with the text obtained through OCR to determine whether the reference content is correctly reproduced on the label  117   a . If the image processing unit  516  determines that the reference content is correctly reproduced on the label  117   a , the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is acceptable. 
     After determining that the printed content on the portion of the label  117   a  is acceptable, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to determine whether the printed content is acceptable at the remaining portions of the label  117   a  using the methods described in the step  1008 . In some examples, after the image processing unit  516  determines that printed content on all portions of the label  117   a  is acceptable, the location of the label  117   a  with respect to the verifier scan line  218  is such that the trailing edge  119   b  of the label  117   a  aligns with the verifier scan line  218 . In other words, all portions of the label  117   a  has passed through the verifier scan line  218  for the image processing unit  516  to determine whether the printed content is acceptable, resulting in the trailing edge  119   b  of the label  117   a  aligning with the verifier scan line  218 . 
     In an example embodiment, if the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is acceptable, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to perform step  1010 . However, if the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is not acceptable (in other words, the verification of the printed content fails), the image processing unit  516  may be configured to perform step  1014 . 
     At step  1010 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing the media  116  to traverse in the print direction along the media path  118  by a second distance to output the printed label  117   a  from the printer media output  104 . In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to determine the second distance based on the label length and the third predetermined distance  234  between the verifier scan line  218  and the printer media output  104 . 
     For example, after the verification of the printed content on the label  117   a  is complete, the trailing edge of the label  117   a  aligns with the verifier scan line  218 , as described above. If the third predetermined distance  234  is 10 mm and the label length is 15 mm, to output the printed label out of the printer media output  104 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to cause the media  116  to traverse by the second distance of 10 mm (which is the third predetermined distance). When the label  117   a  (having the printed content) is outputted from the printer media output  104 , a portion of the label  117   b  (adjacent to the label  117   a ) also travels in the print direction by the second distance. Therefore, the label  117   b , on which the content is to be printed next, is misaligned with respect to the print head  110 . 
     At step  1012 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , and/or the like, for determining whether a first predefined time period has elapsed. In some examples, the first predefined time period may correspond to a time duration within which the user of the printer apparatus  100  has to tear off the label on which the content has been printed (for example, label  117   a ) by utilizing a tear bar (not shown) in the printer apparatus  100 . If the print operation unit  512  determines that the first predefined time period has elapsed, the print operation unit  512  performs step  1014 . However, if the print operation unit  512  determines that the first predefined time period has not elapsed, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to repeat step  1012 . 
     Additionally or alternatively, the print operation unit  512  may determine whether the label on which the content has been printed has been torn off through sensor(s). In an example embodiment, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to determine whether the label has been torn off based on reception of the media presence signal (generated by the media output sensor  121 ). When the print operation unit  512  stops receiving the media presence signal, the print operation unit  512  determines that the label has been torn off. Accordingly, the print operation unit  512  may be configured to perform the step  1014 . However, of the print operation unit  512  determines that it is still receiving the media presence signal, the print operation unit  512  determines that the printed label has not been torn off. Accordingly, the print operation unit  512  may repeat the step  1012 . 
     At step  1014 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing the media  116  to retract along the media path  118  in the retract direction. In an example embodiment, the print operation unit  512  may instruct the I/O device interface unit  508  to cause the media  116  to retract along the media path  118 . For example, on receiving the instruction, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to actuate the first electrical drive to cause the media  116  to retract. 
     At step  1016 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for analyzing the first signal received from the first media sensor  202  while media  116  retracts along the media path  118  to detect the sudden increase or decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 . As described, the first signal is indicative of the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of various sections of the media  116 . As the label  117   b  passing over the first media sensor  202  during the retraction of the media  116  along the media path  118 , the first signal generated by the first media sensor  202  is indicative of the measurements of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the various sections of the label  117   b . Further, as described, when either the leading edge  119   b  or the trailing edge  119   c  of the label  117   b  passes over the first media sensor  202 , the first media sensor  202  may record a sudden increase or decrease in the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 , as indicated in the one or more measurements of the one or more characteristics of the first signal (generated by the first media sensor  202 ). Therefore, the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to analyze the first signal to detect such sudden increase or decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 . Upon detection of the sudden increase or decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 , the signal processing unit  514  may determine that the either the leading edge or the trailing edge of the label  117   b  has traversed over the first media sensor  202  during traversal of the media  116  in the retract direction. 
     At step  1018 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , signal processing unit  514  and/or the like, for determining whether the label length of the plurality of labels  117  (as determined in, for example, step  906  of  FIG.  9   ) is greater than or equal to the fifth predetermined distance  238  between the first media sensor scan line  224  and the printer media output  104 . If the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the length of the plurality of labels  117  is greater than or equal to the fifth predetermined distance  238 , the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to perform step  1020 . However, if the I/O device interface unit  508  determine that the length of the plurality of labels  117  is less than the fifth predetermined distance  238 , the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to perform step  1024 . 
     In some embodiments, the determination at the step  1018  enables the signal processing unit  514  to determine whether the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  is due to the leading edge  119   b  or the trailing edge  119   c  of the label  117   b  traversing over the first media sensor  202 . For example, if the length of the label  117   b  is less than fifth predetermined distance  238 , the complete label  117   b  would have traversed past the first media sensor scan line  224  during the execution of the step  1010 . Accordingly, the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  the during retraction of the media  116  may be due to the trailing edge of the label  117   b  traversing over the first media sensor  202 . If the length of the label  117   b  is greater than the fifth predetermined distance  238 , only a portion of the label  117   b  would have traversed past the first media during the execution of the step  1010 . Accordingly, the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  may be due to the leading edge of the label  117   b  traversing past the first media sensor  202 . 
     At step  1020 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , signal processing unit  514  and/or the like, for determining that the leading edge  119   b  of the label (e.g.,  117   b ) has been detected based on the analysis of the first signal at step  1016  while the media retracts along the media path at step  1014 . Accordingly, at step  1022 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for continuing retracting the media  116  along media path  118  for a third distance so that the leading edge  119   b  of the label  117   b  is aligned with the burn line. In some embodiments, the third distance corresponds to the fourth predetermined distance  228  as shown in  FIG.  2 A . 
     In some embodiments, the third distance may correspond to a distance determined based on the fourth predetermined distance  228  minus the distance of the printable portion from the leading edge. In such an embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to determine the third distance. Further, in such an embodiment, the burn line  208  aligns with the printable portion on the label  117   b.    
     At step  1024 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the signal processing unit  514  and/or the like, for determining that the trailing edge  119   c  of the label  117   b  has been detected based on the analysis of the first signal at step  1016  while the media retracts along the media path at step  1014 . Accordingly, at step  1026 , the printer apparatus  100  includes means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the print operation unit  512 , I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for continuing retracting the media  116  along media path  118  for a fourth distance. In example embodiment, the fourth distance corresponds to a sum of the fourth predetermined distance  228  and the length of the plurality of labels  117 . In such an embodiment, when the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media to retract by the fourth distance, the leading edge of the label  117   b  is aligns with the burn line after retraction. 
     In some embodiments, the fourth distance may correspond to a distance determined by subtracting the distance of the printable portion from the leading edge from the sum of the fourth predetermined distance  228  and the length of the plurality of labels  117 . In such an embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to determine the fourth predetermined distance. Further, in such an embodiment, the burn line  208  aligns with the printable portion on the label  117   b  after retraction. 
     As described, the first signal from the first media sensor  202  (which is positioned closer to the print head  110  in comparison to the second media sensor  204 ) is used to realign the label  117   b  with the burn line  208  during retraction of the media  116  along the media path  118 . Therefore, the alignment of the label  117   b  with the print head  110  can be more accurate than a scenario where only the second signal from the second media sensor  204  is utilized to align the label  117   b  with the print head  110 . If the calculation of realignment is only based on the second signal from the second media sensor  204 , various factors (for example, but not limited to, feed error due varying tension of the media  116  along the media path  118 ) may have led to inaccurate alignment of the label  117   b  with the print head  110 . 
     If, at step  1008 , the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is not acceptable, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to perform step  1028 . At step  1028 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media  116  to retract along the media path  118  in the retract direction. At step  1030 , the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to analyze the first signal to detect the sudden increase or sudden decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116 . The sudden increase or the sudden decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the media  116  may depict the traversal of the either the leading edge  119   b  or the trailing edge  119   c  over the first media sensor  202 . To determine which edge has traversed over the first media sensor  202 , at step  1032 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines whether the length of the plurality of labels  117  is greater than or equal to a predetermined distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the first media sensor scan line  224 . If the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the length of the plurality of labels  117  is greater than or equal to the predetermined distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the first media sensor scan line  224 , the I/O device interface unit  508  performs the step  1020 . At step  1020 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that the leading edge  119   b  of the label  117   b  has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . Accordingly, the I/O device interface unit  508  may be configured to cause the media  116  to retract by the third distance at block  1022 . 
     If at step  1032 , the I/O device interface unit  508  determines that length of the plurality of labels  117  is less than the predetermined distance between the verifier scan line  218  and the first media sensor scan line  224 , the I/O device interface unit  508  may determine that the trailing edge  119   c  has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . Accordingly, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media  116  to retract by the fourth distance at block  1026 . 
       FIG.  11    illustrates an example method  1100  of operating the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     The example method  1100  illustrates a series of schematics of the printer apparatus  100  depicting the various states of the printer apparatus  100  during the operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the print mode. For example, the schematic  1102  of the printer apparatus  100  depicts that label  117   a  is under the print head  110  for the print head  110  to print content on the label  117   a . After the print head  110  prints content on the label  117   a , the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media  116  to move in the print direction such that the label  117   a  is under with the image capturing device  216  in the image verifier housing  112 , as is depicted in the schematic  1104 . As described, the image capturing device  216  may be configured to capture an image of the printed content. Thereafter, the image processing unit  516  may be configured to verify the printed content to determine whether the printed content is acceptable. 
     After the image processing unit  516  determines that the printed content is acceptable, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the media  116  to traverse along the media path  118  in the print direction to output the label  117   a  from the printer media output  104 , as is illustrated in schematic  1106 . As illustrated, the label  117   b  (on which the content is to be printed next) gets misaligned during the outputting of the label  117   a  from the printer media output  104 . 
     Accordingly, the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media  116  to move in the retract direction along the media path  118 . During the retraction of the media  116  along the media path  118 , the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to analyze the first signal generated by the first media sensor  202  to detect a sudden increase in the measurement of the transmissivity of the media  116 . As described, the sudden increase in the measurement of the transmissivity may indicate that the leading edge (depicted by  1110 ) has been detected by the first media sensor  202 . The schematic  1108  depicts such state of the printer apparatus  100  where the leading edge  1110  of the label  117   b  is aligned with the first media sensor scan line  224 . 
     Thereafter, the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the media  116  to traverse by the third distance. After traversal of the media  116  by the third distance in the retract direction, the leading edge  1110  of the label  117   b  is aligned with the burn line  208 , as illustrated in schematic  1112 . 
     As described, when a new media roll is installed in the printer apparatus  100  (for example, at step  618  of  FIG.  6   ), the processor  502  causes the printer apparatus  100  to operate in the new media mode. The operation of the printer apparatus  100  in the new media mode is herein described in conjunction with  FIG.  12   . 
       FIG.  12    illustrates a flowchart  1200  for operating the printer apparatus  100  in the new media mode, according to one or more embodiments described herein. 
     At step  1202 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , and/or the like, for causing a new media from the new media roll (hereinafter referred to as new media) to traverse along the media path  118  in the retract direction. In an example embodiment, the new media includes a plurality of new labels. In some embodiments, when the new media roll is installed in the printer apparatus  100 , certain portion of the new media is retrieved from the new media roll and is placed along the media path  118  manually so that the new media extends between the new media roll and the printer media output  104 . After such placement of the portion of the new media along the media path  118 , the first new label (on which the content is to be printed) is not aligned with the print head  110 . Therefore, on installation of the new media roll, the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the new media to traverse in the retract direction to align the first new label with the print head  110 . 
     As described, the I/O device interface unit  508  may actuate the first electrical drive, causing the new media to move along the media path  118  in the retract direction. In some examples, the I/O device interface unit  508  may cause the new media to retract along the media path  118  with the determined linear speed. As described, to cause the new media to traverse along the media path  118  with the determined linear speed, the I/O device interface unit  508  actuate the first electrical drive at the predetermined angular speed. 
     At step  1204 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for causing the first media sensor  202  to generate the first signal during the traversal of the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction. 
     At step  1206 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for analyzing the first signal to detect a trailing edge of the new label based on the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the new media. As described, the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the new media may indicate traversal of the leading edge or the trailing edge of a new label of plurality of new labels over the first media sensor  202 . Because a portion of the new media has been placed along the media path  118 , the signal processing unit  514  may determine the first instance of the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity as the trailing edge. In an example embodiment, the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to utilize methodologies described in the step  1016  of  FIG.  10   . In response to the detection of the trailing edge of the new label, the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508  and/or the like, for continuing retraction of the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction. 
     At step  1208 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for determining a first distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction after the detection of the trailing edge of the new label. As described, the I/O device interface unit  508  causes the new media to traverse along the media path  118  with the determined linear speed. Therefore, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to determine the first distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction based on the determined linear speed and a time duration elapsed since the detection of the trailing edge of the new label. In an example embodiment, the I/O device interface unit  508  may utilize mathematical relations between the distance, speed, and time to determine the first distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction. 
     At step  1210 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for determining whether the first distance traversed by the new media satisfies the original label length (as determined in, for example, step  906  of  FIG.  9   ). For example, if the media alignment unit  518  determines that the first distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  in the retract direction is equal to the original label length, the media alignment unit  518  determines that the first distance traversed by the new media satisfies the label length. Accordingly, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1216 . However, if the media alignment unit  518  determines that the first distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  is not equal to the label length, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1212 . 
     At step  1212 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for analyzing the first signal to determine whether the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . As described, to determine whether the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 , the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to detect the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the new media (e.g., based on the one or more characteristics of the first signal). If the first signal indicates the sudden increase/decrease in the measurement of the transmissivity/reflectivity of the new media, the media alignment unit  518  may determine that the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . Accordingly, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1214 . However, if the media alignment unit  518  determines that the leading edge of the new label has not traversed over the first media sensor  202 , the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1208 . 
     At step  1214 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for updating the label length as the first distance. Because the leading edge of the new label traverses over the first media sensor  202  prior to the new media traversing the distance equal to the original label length (i.e., the length of the label determined for plurality of labels  117  in the media  116 ), a label length of the plurality of new labels in the new media is less than the original label length of the original plurality of labels  117 . Accordingly, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to determine the new label length as the first distance. 
     In other words, if a leading edge of the new label is detected prior to a distance traversed by the new media is equal to the label length, the printer apparatus  100  may continue causing the new media to retract along the media path in the retract direction until the leading edge is detected. The printer apparatus  100  may then determine a first distance that the new media traversed after the detection of the trailing edge and before the detection of the leading edge based on the first signal, and set the first distance as the label length for the new labels. 
     If, at step  1210 , the media alignment unit  518  determines that the first distance traversed by the media  116  is equal to the label length, the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for continuing retraction of the new media along the media path  118  at step  1216 . 
     At step  1218 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , the signal processing unit  514 , and/or the like, for analyzing the first signal to determine whether the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . In some examples, the signal processing unit  514  may be configured to utilize similar methodologies as described in the step  1212  to determine whether the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 . If the signal processing unit  514  determines that the leading edge of the new label has not traversed over the first media sensor  202 , the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1216 . However, if the signal processing unit  514  determines that the leading edge of the new label has traversed over the first media sensor  202 , the media alignment unit  518  may be configured to perform step  1220 . 
     At step  1220 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for determining a second distance traversed by the new media along the media path  118  (in the retract direction) after the determination of the first distance traversed by the new media being equal to the original label length. In an example embodiment, the media alignment unit  518  may be configured utilize similar methodologies as is described in the step  1208  to determine the second distance. 
     At step  1222 , the printer apparatus  100  may include means, such as the control system  206 , the processor  502 , the I/O device interface unit  508 , the media alignment unit  518 , and/or the like, for determining the new label length as a sum of the original label length and the second distance. 
     In other words, if the new media traverses a first distance (equal to the old label length) prior to the printer apparatus  100  detecting a leading edge of the new label based on the first signal, the printer apparatus  100  may retract the new media until the leading edge of the new label is detected. The printer apparatus  100  may then determine a second distance that the new media traversed after the new media has traversed by the old label length and before the leading edge of the new label is detected, and calculate the new label length of the new label by adding the old label length and the second distance. 
     In some example embodiments, certain ones of the operations herein may be modified or further amplified as described below. Moreover, in some embodiments additional optional operations may also be included. It should be appreciated that each of the modifications, optional additions or amplifications described herein may be included with the operations herein either alone or in combination with any others among the features described herein. 
     The foregoing method descriptions and the process flow diagrams are provided merely as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the steps of the various embodiments must be performed in the order presented. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the order of steps in some of the foregoing embodiments may be performed in any order. Words such as “thereafter,” “then,” “next,” etc. are not intended to limit the order of the steps; these words are simply used to guide the reader through the description of the methods. Further, any reference to claim elements in the singular, for example, using the articles “a,” “an,” or “the” is not to be construed as limiting the element to the singular. 
     The hardware used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may include a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a special-purpose processor such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but, in the alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. Alternatively or in addition, some steps or methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function. 
     In one or more example embodiments, the functions described herein may be implemented by special-purpose hardware or a combination of hardware programmed by firmware or other software. In implementations relying on firmware or other software, the functions may be performed as a result of execution of one or more instructions stored on one or more non-transitory computer-readable media and/or one or more non-transitory processor-readable media. These instructions may be embodied by one or more processor-executable software modules that reside on the one or more non-transitory computer-readable or processor-readable storage media. Non-transitory computer-readable or processor-readable storage media may in this regard comprise any storage media that may be accessed by a computer or a processor. By way of example but not limitation, such non-transitory computer-readable or processor-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, FLASH memory, disk storage, magnetic storage devices, or the like. Disk storage, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray Disc™, or other storage devices that store data magnetically or optically with lasers. Combinations of the above types of media are also included within the scope of the terms non-transitory computer-readable and processor-readable media. Additionally, any combination of instructions stored on the one or more non-transitory processor-readable or computer-readable media may be referred to herein as a computer program product. 
     Many modifications and other embodiments of the inventions set forth herein will come to mind to one skilled in the art to which these inventions pertain having the benefit of teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Although the figures only show certain components of the apparatus and systems described herein, it is understood that various other components may be used in conjunction with the system. Therefore, it is to be understood that the inventions are not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, the steps in the method described above may not necessarily occur in the order depicted in the accompanying diagrams, and in some cases one or more of the steps depicted may occur substantially simultaneously, or additional steps may be involved. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.