Patent Publication Number: US-2023144301-A1

Title: Image display element and drawing body

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present disclosure relates to an image display element and a drawing body. 
     BACKGROUND ART 
     In recent years, image display elements have been used on important documents and cards to make counterfeiting difficult and to enable easy judgments of authenticity. As such image display elements, hologram elements and display elements provided with a lenticular lens on the displayed image part have been proposed. A parallax barrier type variable display element using a striped light-shielding pattern has also been proposed (see, for example, PTL 1). 
     CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
     [PTL 1] 
     JP 2005-134718 A 
     SUMMARY 
     Technical Problem 
     As mentioned above, image display elements that make it difficult to counterfeit documents, cards, and the like and enable easy judgment of their authenticity have become desirable in recent years. 
     An object of the present disclosure is to provide an image display element and a drawing body that make counterfeiting difficult and can be easily judge the authenticity. 
     Solution to Problem 
     In order to solve the problem described above, a first disclosure is an image display element, including: 
     a display layer configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     the display layer contains a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on the angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     A second disclosure is an image display element including: 
     a display layer configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     at least one of the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer contains a coloring matter; 
     if the display layer contains the coloring matter, the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     if the light-shielding pattern layer contains the coloring matter, the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on the angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     A third disclosure is an image display element including: 
     a display layer; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a first transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     the display layer includes: 
     a first display layer configured to display a first image; 
     a second display layer disposed opposite to the first display layer and configured to display a second image; and 
     a second transparent layer disposed between the first display layer and the second display layer, wherein 
     the first display layer and the second display layer each contain a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms a first image and the second image; 
     each of the first and second images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on the angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     A fourth disclosure is a drawing body including: 
     a first recording layer; 
     a second recording layer disposed opposite to the first recording layer; 
     a transparent layer disposed between the first recording layer and the second recording layer, wherein 
     the first recording layer includes a display part configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     the first recording layer contains a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     the second recording layer includes a light-shielding pattern part disposed opposite to the display part and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern part changes depending on the angle from which the light-shielding pattern part is viewed. 
     A fifth disclosure is a drawing body including: 
     a first recording layer; 
     a second recording layer disposed opposite to the first recording layer; 
     a transparent layer disposed between the first recording layer and the second recording layer, wherein 
     the first recording layer includes a display part configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     the second recording layer includes a light-shielding pattern part disposed opposite to the display part and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; 
     at least one of the first recording layer and the second recording layer contains a coloring matter; 
     if the first recording layer contains a coloring matter, the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     if the second recording layer contains a coloring matter, the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern part changes depending on the angle from which the light-shielding pattern part is viewed. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         FIG.  1    is an exploded perspective view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a constitution of the image display element according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  3    is a plan view illustrating an example of a constitution of a display layer. 
         FIGS.  4 A and  4 B  are sectional views for describing an example of the method for manufacturing the image display element according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a constitution of the image display element according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view for describing the principle of the multicolor display of a display layer. 
         FIGS.  7 A and  7 B  are sectional views for describing an example of the method for manufacturing the image display element according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  10 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of a constitution of a first display layer.  FIG.  10 B  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of a second display layer. 
         FIGS.  11 A and  11 B  are sectional views for describing an example of the method for manufacturing the image display element according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  12    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  13    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  14 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of a light-shielding pattern layer.  FIG.  14 B  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of a display layer. 
         FIGS.  15 A and  15 B  are plan views each illustrating a modification example of a light-shielding pattern layer. 
         FIGS.  16 A and  16 B  are plan views each illustrating a modification example of a light-shielding pattern layer. 
         FIG.  17 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of the card according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  17 B  is a cross-sectional view along the line XVIIB-XVIIB in  FIG.  17 A . 
         FIG.  18    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the card according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG.  19    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element according to Modification Example 1. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in the following order with reference to the drawings. Here, in all the drawings of the following embodiments, the same or corresponding parts will be denoted with the same reference numerals. 
     1 First Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     2 Second Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     3 Third Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     4 Fourth Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     5 Fifth Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     6 Sixth Embodiment (Example of Image Display Element) 
     7 Seventh Embodiment (Example of Card) 
     8 Eighth Embodiment (Example of Card) 
     9 Modification Example 
     1 FIRST EMBODIMENT 
     [Constitution of Image Display Element] 
       FIG.  1    is an exploded perspective view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  2    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a constitution of the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  10  includes a display layer  11 , a light-shielding pattern layer  12 , and a transparent layer  13 . The light-shielding pattern layer  12  is disposed opposite to the display layer  11 . The transparent layer  13  is disposed between the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12 . The image display element  10  has a film or plate shape, and a first surface on the side where the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is disposed is the display surface S 1  of the displayed image, and a second surface on which the display layer  11  is provided is the back surface S 2 . Hereinafter, the direction perpendicular to the display surface S 1  is referred to as the “vertical direction”, and the oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ based on this vertical direction is referred to as the “oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ”. 
     (Display Layer) 
       FIG.  3    is a plan view illustrating an example of a constitution of the display layer  11 . The display layer  11  displays a first image  111  and a second image  112 . For example, the first image  111  and the second image  112  have the same hue. The first image  111  and the second image  112  are divided into discrete image elements  111 A and image elements  112 A, respectively, corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR of the light-shielding pattern layer  12 . The image elements  111 A of the first image  111  and the image elements  112 A of the second image  112  are arranged repeatedly in the order of the image elements  111 A of the first image  111  and the image elements  112 A of the second image  112 . That is, the image elements  111 A of the first image  111  and the image elements  112 A of the second image  112  are arranged alternately. The image elements  111 A and  112 A have substantially belt-like shapes. The arrangement pattern of the image elements  111 A and the image elements  112 A are each the same as the arrangement pattern (that is, a striped arrangement pattern) of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR of the light-shielding pattern layer  12 . 
     The display layer  11  has a flat surface. As described below, the display layer  11  has a flat surface because the display layer  11  is formed by irradiating a recording layer with a substantially constant thickness with a laser beam. 
     The display layer  11  contains a coloring matter, and this coloring matter forms the first image  111  and the second image  112 . The display layer  11  is preferably composed of a material that enables stable recording and control of the color-developed state. Specifically, the display layer  11  preferably contains an electron-donating coloring matter and an electron-accepting-material. The coloring reaction occurs between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material by external stimuli (irradiation with a laser beam), resulting in the development of color in the irradiated part. The first image  111  and the second image  112  are formed in this way. The display layer  11  preferably contains a photothermal conversion material or a polymer material, and more preferably contains both these materials. The display layer  11  may contain various additives, such as sensitizers and UV absorbers, in addition to the above material. The thickness of the display layer  11  is, for example, 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less. 
     The reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material is, for example, reversible. When the electron-donating coloring matter is in a color-developed state, the first image  111  and the second image  112  are formed, and when the electron-donating coloring matter is in a decolorized state, the first image  111  and the second image  112  disappear. 
     Examples of electron-donating coloring matters include leuco dyes. Examples of leuco dyes include existing dyes for thermal papers. Specifically, a compound containing an electron-donating group in a molecule, represented by the following formula (1), may be mentioned as an example. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     An electron-accepting material is a color developing/reducing reagent of electron-donating coloring matters. For example, an electron-accepting material develops colors of a colorless electron-donating coloring matter or discolors an electron-donating coloring matter that develops a prescribed color. Examples of color developing/reducing reagents include compounds having a salicylic acid skeleton represented by the formula (2) below and containing a group with an electron-accepting ability in a molecule. 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     (X denotes one of —NHCO—, —CONH—, —NHCONH—, —CONHCO—, —NHNHCO—, —CONHNH—, —CONHNHCO—, —NHCOCONH—, —NHCONHCO—, —CONHCONH—, —NHNHCONH—, —NHCONHNH—, —CONHNHCONH—, —NHCONHNHCO—, and —CONHNHCONH—. R is a linear hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 25 or more and 34 or less.) 
     For example, a photothermal conversion material absorbs light within a prescribed wavelength range in a near-infrared area and generates heat. As a photothermal conversion material, a near-infrared ray-absorbing coloring matter that has an absorption peak within the range of, for example, 700 nm or more and 2000 nm or less, and absorbs almost no light in the visible region. Specifically, for example, compounds having a phthalocyanine skeleton (phthalocyanine dyes), compounds having a squarylium skeleton (squarylium dyes), and, for example, inorganic compounds and the like may be mentioned. Examples of inorganic compounds include metal complexes such as dithio complexes, diimonium salts, aminium salts, inorganic compounds, and the like. Examples of inorganic compounds include graphite, carbon black, metal powder particles, metal oxides such as tricobalt tetroxide, iron oxide, chromium oxide, copper oxide, titanium black, and ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), metal nitrides such as niobium nitride, metal carbides such as tantalum carbide, metal sulfides, various types of magnetic powder, and the like. In addition, a compound having a cyanine skeleton (cyanine dye) with excellent light and heat resistance may be used. It should be noted that the excellent light resistance herein means that a compound does not decompose during irradiation with a laser beam. The excellent heat resistance herein means that a 20% or more change in the maximum absorption peak value of the absorption spectrum does not occur, for example, when a film is formed with a polymer material and stored at 150° C. for 30 minutes. Examples of such compounds having a cyanine skeleton include a compound having at least one of a counter ion among SbF 6 , PF 6 , BF 4 , ClO 4 , CF 3 SO 3  and (CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 N, and a methine chain containing a five-membered or six-membered ring. It should be noted that a compound having a cyanine skeleton used for the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment preferably includes both one of the counter ions mentioned above and a cyclic structure, such as five-membered and six-membered rings, in a methine chain, but if the compound includes at least one of these, sufficient light and heat resistance can be assured. 
     The polymer material preferably has a function as a binder. A polymer material that enables uniform dispersion of an electron-donating coloring matter, a color developing/reducing reagent, and a photothermal conversion material is preferable. Examples of polymer materials include at least one of thermosetting resins and thermoplastic resins. Specific examples thereof include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethyl cellulose, polystyrene, styrene copolymers, phenoxy resins, polyesters, aromatic polyesters, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polyacrylic esters, polymethacrylates, acrylate copolymers, maleate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohols, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, and the like. 
     (Light-Shielding Pattern Layer) 
     The light-shielding pattern layer  12  is for partially light-shielding the display layer  11  with a light-shielding pattern and changing images displayed by the display layer  11  depending on the angle from which the display surface S 1  is viewed (that is, the angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is viewed). The light-shielding pattern layer  12  has alternately disposed light-shielding parts  12 BK and light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The light-shielding parts  12 BK and light-transmitting parts  12 TR have substantially belt-like shapes. The light-shielding parts  12 BK and the light-transmitting parts  12 TR are arranged in a regular arrangement pattern. In the first embodiment, a case where the regular arrangement pattern of the light-shielding parts  12 BK and the light-transmitting parts  12 TR is a striped arrangement pattern is explained. 
     The light-shielding pattern layer  12  has a flat surface. As described below, the light-shielding pattern layer  12  has a flat surface because the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is formed by irradiating a recording layer with a substantially constant thickness with a laser beam. 
     The light-shielding parts  12 BK are for light-shielding the light that is incident on the display surface S 1 , the light reflected on the display layer  11 , and the like. The light-shielding parts  12 BK are disposed opposite to the image elements  112 A. In the first embodiment, a case where almost whole of the light-shielding parts  12 BK and the image elements  112 A overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  10  is explained, but some of the light-shielding parts  12 BK and the image elements  112 A may overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  10 . The color of the light-shielding parts  12 BK is, for example, black, but it is not limited to black as long as it is capable of shielding light. 
     The light-transmitting parts  12 TR are for allowing the light that is incident on the display surface S 1  and the light reflected on the display layer  11  or the like to pass through. The light-transmitting parts  12 TR are disposed opposite to the image elements  111 A. In the first embodiment, a case where almost whole of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR and the image elements  111 A overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  10  is explained, but some of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR and the image elements  111 A may overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  10 . 
     When the display surface S 1  is viewed from the vertical direction, image elements  111 A (that is, a first image  111 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the point of sight  2  in  FIG.  2   ). When the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ, image elements  112 A (that is, a second image  112 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the points of sight  1  and  3  in  FIG.  2   ). 
     The image elements  111 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 3 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 3  of an image element  111 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. In the present description, the term “to (˜)” indicating a numerical range is used in the sense that the range includes the numerical values listed before and after the “to (˜)” as the lower and upper limits. 
     The image elements  112 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 4 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 4  of an image element  112 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. 
     The ratio (W 1 :W 2 ) between the width W 1  of a light-shielding part  12 BK and the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR is preferably about 1:1, specifically 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. The thickness of the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is, for example, 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. 
     The light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains a coloring matter, and this coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts  12 BK. The light-shielding pattern layer  12  is preferably composed of a material that enables stable recording and control of the color-developed state. Specifically, the light-shielding pattern layer  12  preferably contains an electron-donating coloring matter and an electron-accepting material. The coloring reaction occurs between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material by external stimuli (irradiation with a laser beam), resulting in the development of color in the irradiated part. The light-shielding parts  12 BK are formed in this way. The light-shielding pattern layer  12  preferably contains a photothermal conversion material or a polymer material, and more preferably contains both these materials. The photothermal conversion material in the display layer  11  and the photothermal conversion material in the light-shielding pattern layer  12  preferably have mutually different absorption wavelengths. This enables the color of the desired layer among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  to be selectively developed or reduced with a laser beam. The light-shielding pattern layer  12  may contain various additives such as sensitizers and UV absorbers in addition to the above material. The thickness of the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is, for example, 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. 
     The reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material is, for example, reversible. When the electron-donating coloring matter is in a color-developed state, the light-shielding parts  12 BK are formed, and when the electron-donating coloring matter is in a decolorized state, the light-shielding parts  12 BK disappear. The light-shielding parts  12 BK contain an electron-donating coloring matter in a color-developed state. Meanwhile, the light-transmitting parts  12 TR contain an electron-donating coloring matter in a decolorized state. 
     The same materials as the display layer  11  may be mentioned as examples of each of the electron-donating coloring matter, the electron-accepting material, the photothermal conversion material, and the polymer material. 
     (Transparent Layer) 
     The transparent layer  13  is for separating the space between the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  and for supporting the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12 . For example, the transparent layer  13  is a transparent film. The thickness of the transparent layer  13  is, for example, 50 μm or more and 600 μm or less. The transparent layer  13  is constituted such that the light that has passed through the light-transmitting parts  12 TR and the light that has been reflected on the display layer  11  or the like are allowed to pass through. For example, the transparent layer  13  is transparent in the near-infrared and visible regions. 
     For example, the transparent layer  13  contains glass or a polymer resin. 
     Examples of polymer resins include: 
     at least one selected from the group consisting of triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester (TPEE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyamide (PA), aramid, polyethylene (PE), polyacrylate, polyethersulfone, polysulfone, polypropylene (PP) diacetyl cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic resins (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), epoxy resins, urea resins, urethane resins, melamine resins, cycloolefin polymers (COP), and the like. 
     [Method for Manufacturing Image Display Element] 
     Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing an image display element  10  according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to  FIGS.  4 A and  4 B . 
     (Step of Forming Laminate Body) 
     A laminate body  10 A illustrated in  FIG.  4 A  is formed in the following way. First, a polymer material is dissolved in a solvent (for example, methyl ethyl ketone). Next, an electron-donating coloring matter, an electron-accepting material, and a photothermal conversion material are added to this solution and dispersed. A coating material for forming recording layers is obtained in this way. Subsequently, this coating material for forming recording layers is coated on a first surface of a transparent layer  13  with a thickness of, for example, 3 μm and dried at, for example, 70° C. A first recording layer  11 A is formed in this way. 
     Next, a second recording layer  12 A is formed on a second surface of the transparent layer  13 , in the same manner as the step of forming the first recording layer. A laminate body  10 A is formed in this way. It should be noted that a material different from that used in the step of forming the first recording layer  11 A is used as a photothermal conversion material. Materials that are different from or the same as those used in the step of forming the first recording layer  11 A may be used as the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material. 
     The laminate body  10 A may be formed using a method other than the coating described above. For example, the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A may be formed in advance on separate substrates, respectively, and laminated on the first surface and the second surface of the transparent layer  13 , respectively, via adhesive layers. 
     (Drawing Step of Images and Light-Shielding Parts) 
     The desired positions of the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A are respectively irradiated with a near-infrared laser beam L 1  and a near-infrared laser beam L 2  with adjusted wavelengths and outputs, as illustrated in  FIG.  4 B , by, for example, a semiconductor laser or the like. This causes the generation of heat from photothermal conversion materials in the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A and a coloring reaction (color developing reaction) between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, resulting in the development of color in the irradiated area. A first image  111  and a second image  112  are formed on the first recording layer  11 A in this way, and a display layer  11  is obtained. Furthermore, light-shielding parts  12 BK and the light-transmitting parts  12 TR are formed on the second recording layer  12 A, and a light-shielding pattern layer  12  is obtained. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  4 B , it is preferred to irradiate the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 , respectively, while aligning the optical axes of the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 . By controlling the irradiation with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2  in this way, it is no longer necessary to align the optical axes of the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 , respectively, when drawing the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A. Furthermore, the misalignment of the light-shielding parts  12 BK, the light-transmitting parts  12 TR, the image elements  111 A, and the image elements  112 A can be suppressed. Since a transparent layer  13  is thin, the focal points of the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2  may be substantially coincident. 
     However, the way of irradiation with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2  is not limited to the way of the examples described above. For example, the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A may be irradiated with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 , respectively, while shifting the optical axes of the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 . Alternatively, the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2  may be incident obliquely on the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A, respectively. 
     The image of the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern of the light-shielding pattern layer  12  may be rewritten. When the image on the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern on the light-shielding pattern layer  12  are to be decolorized, the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  are irradiated with a near-infrared laser beam with enough energy to reach the decolorization temperature. This causes the generation of heat from the photothermal conversion materials in the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  and a decolorization reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, decolors the image on the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern on the light-shielding pattern layer  12 , and deletes records. When all records formed on the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  are deleted at once, the image display element  10  is heated at a temperature that is about the same as that at which the color disappears, for example, 120° C. This deletes the image recorded on the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern recorded on the light-shielding pattern layer  12  at once. After that, by performing the operations described above, repeated recording to the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is possible. 
     It should be noted that the color-developed state and the decolorized state are maintained as long as a color developing reaction and a decolorizing reaction such as irradiation with near-infrared ray, heating, or the like described above are not performed. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As described above, in the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment, the first image  111  and the second image  112  are divided into discrete image elements  111 A and image elements  112 A, respectively, corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. This changes the image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer  12  depending on the angle from which the display surface S 1  (that is, the light-shielding pattern layer  12 ) is viewed. Specifically, when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the vertical direction, image elements  111 A (that is, a first image  111 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the point of sight  2  in  FIG.  2   ). When the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ, image elements  112 A (that is, a second image  112 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the points of sight  1  and  3  in  FIG.  2   ). Accordingly, counterfeiting the image display element  10  is made difficult, and the authenticity of the image display element  10  can be easily judged. 
     The display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  can be formed by irradiating the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 , respectively. Therefore, since there is no need to produce plates as with holograms, costs can be kept low even when only small quantities of the image display elements  10  are produced. Furthermore, the image display element  10  can be manufactured at a low cost because no lenticular lens is used. Although the concavo-convex cycle of a lenticular lens is, for example, about 100 lines/inch, a stripe pattern can be drawn at 350 lines/inch, for example, in the method for manufacturing the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment. Accordingly, the fineness of a displayed image can be increased, for example, two times or more. 
     In a display element, in which a lenticular lens is formed on a displayed image part, or a parallax barrier variable display element, the display surface has fine irregularities of the lenticular lens and a printed ink. Therefore, when another layer such as a protective film is laminated on the surface of such devices, small air bubbles are likely to enter the interface therebetween, and air bubbles may remain at the interface after the lamination. If a document or card provided with an image display element in which air bubbles remain at the interface is placed under reduced pressure, such as in an aircraft, the volume of the air bubbles may expand, causing the air bubbles to become more noticeable or the protective film to peel off. 
     In contrast, in the image display element  10  of the first embodiment, the light-shielding pattern layer  12  is formed by irradiating the second recording layer  12 A with a flat surface with the laser beam L 2 . Therefore, a light-shielding pattern layer  12  with a flat surface can be formed. Accordingly, when another layer such as a protective film is laminated on the display surface S 1  of the image display element  10 , air bubbles are less likely to enter the interface between the image display element  10  and the other layer mentioned above. Therefore, air bubbles can be prevented from remaining at the interface after lamination. 
     Display elements, in which a lenticular lens is formed on a display image part, need precise alignment of the concavo-convex cycle of the lenticular lens and the printed image. Furthermore, parallax barrier variable display elements also need precise alignment and superposition of multiple printed matters. 
     In contrast, since the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  can be formed by irradiating the first recording layer  11 A and the second recording layer  12 A with the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2 , respectively, in the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment, precise alignment as the display element described above is not necessary when the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  are formed. 
     2 SECOND EMBODIMENT 
       FIG.  5    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a constitution of the image display element  20  according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  20  differs from the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment in that a display layer  21  that displays multicolored (for example, full-colored) first image  111  and second image  112  is provided instead of the display layer  11  (see  FIGS.  1  and  2   ) that displays the single-colored first image  111  and second image  112 . 
     The display layer  21  includes a first layer  22 , a second layer  23 , a third layer  24 , a heat insulation layer  25 , and a heat insulation layer  26 . The second layer  23  is disposed on the first layer  22 , and the third layer  24  is disposed on the second layer  23 . The heat insulation layer  25  is disposed between the first layer  22  and the second layer  23 , and the heat insulation layer  26  is disposed between the second layer  23  and the third layer  24 . 
     The first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  contain coloring matters that develop mutually different colors, and the coloring matters in each layer form the first image  111  and the second image  112 . For example, the first layer  22  contains a coloring matter that develops yellow. For example, the second layer  23  contains a coloring matter that develops cyan. For example, the third layer  23  contains a coloring matter that develops magenta. 
     For example, the first layer  22  includes a color-developed part  22 A containing a coloring matter in the color-developed state and a color-undeveloped part  22 B containing a coloring matter in the decolorized state. For example, the second layer  23  includes a color-developed part  23 A containing a coloring matter in the color-developed state and a color-undeveloped part  23 B containing a coloring matter in the decolorized state. For example, the third layer  24  includes a color-developed part  24 A containing a coloring matter in the color-developed state and a color-undeveloped part  24 B containing a coloring matter in the decolorized state. The color-undeveloped part  22 B, the color-undeveloped part  23 B, and the color-undeveloped part  24 B have transparency. 
     It is preferred that the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  are each composed of a material that enables stable recording and control of the color-developed state. Specifically, the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  contain electron-donating coloring matters that develop mutually different colors and electron-accepting materials corresponding to respective electron-donating coloring matter, for example. The first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  preferably contain a photothermal conversion material that absorbs light of mutually different wavelength regions and generates heat or a polymer resin, and more preferably contains both these materials. 
     For example, an electron-accepting material develops colors of a colorless electron-donating coloring matter, or reduces the color of an electron-donating coloring matter developing a prescribed color, as described above. Examples of electron-accepting materials include compounds having a salicylic acid skeleton represented by the formula (2) described above and containing a group with an electron-accepting ability in a molecule. Specifically, a photothermal conversion material is selected from, for example, compounds having a phthalocyanine skeleton (phthalocyanine dyes), compounds having a squarylium skeleton (squarylium dyes), inorganic compounds, and the like, as described above. In addition, as with the first embodiment described above, a compound having a cyanine skeleton (cyanine dye) with excellent light and heat resistance may be used. 
     Specifically, the first layer  22  contains, for example, an electron-donating coloring matter that develops yellow in the color-developed state, an electron-accepting material corresponding to this, a photothermal conversion material that absorbs infrared rays of a wavelength λ 1  and generates heat, and a polymer resin. The second layer  23  contains, for example, an electron-donating coloring matter that develops cyan in the color-developed state, an electron-accepting material corresponding to this, a photothermal conversion material that absorbs infrared rays of a wavelength λ 2  and generates heat, and a polymer resin. The third layer  24  contains, for example, an electron-donating coloring matter that develops magenta in the color-developed state, an electron-accepting material corresponding to this, a photothermal conversion material that absorbs infrared rays of a wavelength λ 3  and generates heat, and a polymer resin. A display layer  21  capable of multicolor displaying is obtained in this way. 
     It should be noted that selecting a combination of materials with narrow optical absorption bands that do not overlap each other in the wavelength range of 700 nm or more and 2000 nm or less as the photothermal conversion material is preferable. This enables the color of the desired layer among the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  to be selectively developed or reduced. 
     The thicknesses of the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  are each, for example, 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less, more preferably, for example, 2 μm or more and 15 μm or less. When the thickness of each layer  22 ,  23 , or  24  is less than 1 μm, sufficient color density may not be obtained. When the thickness of each layer  22 ,  23 , or  24  exceeds 20 μm, the amount of heat utilization in each layer  22 ,  23 , or  24  increases, which may degrade the coloring properties. 
     The first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  may contain various additives such as sensitizers and UV absorbers, in addition to the material described above, as with the display layer  11  described above. 
     The heat insulation layer  25  insulates the space between the first layer  22  and the second layer  23 . The heat insulation layer  26  insulates the space between the second layer  23  and the third layer  24 . The heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  are transparent. Specifically, for example, the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  are transparent in the near-infrared and visible regions. 
     For example, the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  contain a common light-transmitting polymer material. Specific examples of the heat insulation layer  25  and heat insulation layer  26  include at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, ethyl cellulose, polystyrene, styrene copolymers, phenoxy resins, polyester, aromatic polyesters, polyurethane, polycarbonate, polyacrylic esters, polymethacrylate, acrylate copolymers, maleate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohols, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, and the like. The heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  may contain various additives such as UV absorbers, for example. 
     The heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  may contain a light-transmitting inorganic material. For example, the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  containing porous silica, alumina, titania, carbon, a complex of these, or the like are preferable because the thermal conductivity is low, and the heat insulation effect is high. For example, the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  may be formed by a sol-gel method. 
     The thicknesses of the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  are preferably 3 μm or more and 100 μm or less, more preferably, for example, 5 μm or more and 50 μm or less. If the thicknesses of the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  are too thin, sufficient insulation effect cannot be achieved, and if the thicknesses are too thick, the thermal conductivity may deteriorate, or the light-transmitting performance may decrease when the entire display layer  21  is evenly heated. 
       FIG.  6    is a cross-sectional view for describing the principle of the multicolor displaying of the display layer  21 . Here, the principle of multicolor displaying will be explained using the case in which the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  contain a coloring matter that develops yellow, a coloring matter that develops cyan, and a coloring matter that develops magenta, respectively, as an example. 
     The part where the color-developed part  22 A that developed yellow, the color-developed part  23 A that developed cyan, and the color-undeveloped part  24 B are overlapped in the thickness direction of the display layer  21  forms a color-developed part  111 B that developed green on the first image  111 . The part where the color-developed part  22 A that developed yellow, the color-undeveloped part  23 B, and the color-developed part  23 A that developed magenta are overlapped in the thickness direction of the display layer  21  forms a color-developed part  112 B that developed red on the first image  111 . 
     Alternatively, the image display element  20  may include a light-shielding pattern layer having the same constitution as the display layer  21  described above, instead of the light-shielding pattern layer  12 . In this case, the coloring matters in each of the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  form the light-shielding parts  12 BK. 
     [Method for Manufacturing Image Display Element] 
     Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing an image display element  20  according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to  FIGS.  7 A and  7 B . 
     (Step for Forming Laminate Body) 
     First, as illustrated in  FIG.  7 A , a first recording layer  21 A and a second recording layer  12 A are formed on a first principal surface and a second principal surface of a transparent layer  13 , respectively to obtain a laminate body  20 A. At this time, a first recording layer  21 A is formed by stacking a third layer  24 , a heat insulation layer  26 , a second layer  23 , a heat insulation layer  25 , and a first layer  22  in this order on the first principal surface of the transparent layer  13 . 
     (Drawing Step of Image and Light-Shielding Parts) 
     Next, the desired positions of the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , the third layer  24 , and the second recording layer  12 A are respectively irradiated with a near-infrared laser beams L 1  to L 4  with adjusted wavelengths and outputs, as illustrated in  FIG.  7 B , by, for example, a semiconductor laser or the like. This causes the generation of heat from photothermal conversion materials in the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , the third layer  24 , and the second recording layer  12 A and coloring reaction (color developing reaction) between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, resulting in the development of color in the irradiated area. In this way, a color-developed part  22 A and a color-undeveloped part  22 B are formed on the first layer  22 , a color-developed part  23 A and a color-undeveloped part  23 B are formed on the second layer  23 , and a color-developed part  24 A and a color-undeveloped part  24 B are formed on the third layer  24 . Accordingly, a display layer  21  that displays the first image  111  and the second image  112  is obtained. Furthermore, light-shielding parts  12 BK and the light-transmitting parts  12 TR are formed on the second recording layer  12 A, and a light-shielding pattern layer  12  is obtained. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  7 B , it is preferred to irradiate the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , the third layer  24 , and the second recording layer  12 A with the laser beams L 1  to L 4 , respectively, while aligning the optical axes of the laser beams L 1  to L 4 . By controlling the irradiation with the laser beams L 1  to L 4  in this way, it is no longer necessary to align the optical axes of the laser beams L 1  to L 4 , respectively, when drawing the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , the third layer  24 , and the second recording layer  12 A. Furthermore, the misalignment of the light-shielding parts  12 BK, the light-transmitting parts  12 TR, the image elements  111 A, and the image elements  112 A can be suppressed. Since the heat insulation layer  25  and the heat insulation layer  26  are thin, the focal points of the laser beams L 1  to L 3  may be substantially coincident. In addition, since the transparent layer  13  is thin, the focal points of the laser beams L 3  and L 4  may be substantially coincident. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As described above, the image display element  20  according to the second embodiment includes the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24 . The first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  contain coloring matters that develop mutually different colors, and the coloring matters in each layer form the first image  111  and the second image  112 . This enables displaying a multicolored (for example, full-colored) first image  111  and a multicolored (for example, full-colored) second image  112 . In addition, the first image  111  and the second image  112  with mutually different hues can be displayed. For example, a red first image  111  and a green second image  112  can be displayed. 
     3 THIRD EMBODIMENT 
       FIG.  8    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element  30  according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  30  differs from the image display element  20  according to the second embodiment in that a single-layer structure display layer  31  that displays multicolored (for example, full-colored) first image  111  and second image  112  is provided instead of the three-layer structure display layer  21  (see  FIG.  5   ) that displays multicolored (for example, full-colored) first image  111  and second image  112 . 
     The display layer  31  contains three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y, which develop mutually different colors in the color-developed state, and a polymer resin. These three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y form the first image  111  and the second image  112 . The microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y each include, for example, an electron-donating coloring matter that develops mutually different colors (for example, cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y)), an electron-accepting material corresponding to respective electron-donating coloring matters, a photothermal conversion material that absorbs light of mutually different wavelength regions and generates heat, and a capsule wall. The electron-donating coloring matter, electron-accepting material, and photothermal conversion material are housed in the capsule wall. For example, a material constituting the heat insulation layer  25  and heat insulation layer  26  described above is preferably used as the material for the capsule wall. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  8   , the image display element  30  may include a light-shielding pattern layer  32  having the same constitution as the display layer  31  instead of the light-shielding pattern layer  12  in the first embodiment. That is, the light-shielding pattern layer  32  containing three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y and a polymer resin may be included. In this case, these three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y form the light-shielding parts  12 BK. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As described above, in the image display element  30  according to the third embodiment, the display layer  31  contains three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y, which develop mutually different colors in the color-developed state, and a polymer resin. These three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y (specifically, coloring matters in each of these three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y) form the first image  111  and the second image  112 . This enables displaying a multicolored (for example, full-colored) first image  111  and a multicolored (for example, full-colored) second image  112  on a single-layer structure display layer  31 . In addition, the first image  111  and the second image  112  with mutually different hues can be displayed on a single-layer structure display layer  31 . For example, a red first image  111  and a green second image  112  can be displayed on a single-layer structure display layer  31 . 
     4 FOURTH EMBODIMENT 
     [Configuration of Image Display Element] 
       FIG.  9    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of an image display element  40  according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  40  differs from the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment in that a display layer  44  is provided instead of the display layer  11  (see  FIGS.  1  and  2   ). The display layer  44  includes a first display layer  41 , a second display layer  42 , and a transparent layer  43 . The second display layer  42  is disposed opposite to the first display layer  41 . The transparent layer  43  is disposed between the first display layer  41  and the second display layer  42 . In the image display element  40  according to the fourth embodiment, the transparent layer  13  is an example of the first transparent layer, and the transparent layer  43  is an example of the second transparent layer. 
     (First Display Layer, Second Display Layer) 
       FIG.  10 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of a constitution of the first display layer  41 . The first display layer  41  displays a first image  411 . The first image  411  is divided into discrete image elements  411 A corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. Separation parts  412 A are formed between the image elements  411 A that are divided discretely. That is, the image elements  411 A and the separation parts  412 A are alternately arranged in the in-plane direction of the first display layer  41 . 
     The first display layer  41  contains a coloring matter, and this coloring matter forms the first image  411 . The separation parts  412 A may have transparency and may develop color. The first display layer  41  is the same as the display layer  11  in the first embodiment, the display layer  21  in the second embodiment, and the display layer  31  in the third embodiment, except for the matters mentioned above. 
       FIG.  10 B  is a plan view illustrating an example of a constitution of the second display layer  42 . The second display layer  42  displays the second image  421 . The second image  421  is divided into discrete image elements  421 A corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. Separation parts  422 A are formed between the image elements  421 A that are divided discretely. That is, the image elements  421 A and the separation parts  422 A are alternately arranged in the in-plane direction of the second display layer  42 . 
     The second display layer  42  contains a coloring matter, and this coloring matter forms the second image  421 . The coloring matter in the separation parts  422 A is in a decolorized state, and the separation parts  422 A have transparency. The second display layer  42  is the same as the display layer  11  in the first embodiment, the display layer  21  in the second embodiment, and the display layer  31  in the third embodiment, except for the matters mentioned above. 
     The image elements  411 A, the separation parts  422 A, and the light-transmitting parts TR overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  40 . The separation parts  412 A, the image elements  421 A, and the light-shielding parts BK overlap in the thickness direction of the image display element  40 . The image elements  411 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 5 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 5  of an image element  411 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. The separation parts  412 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 6 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 6  of a separation part  412 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. The image elements  421 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 7 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 7  of an image element  421 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. The separation parts  422 A have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 8 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 8  of a separation part  422 A is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. 
     (Transparent Layer) 
     The transparent layer  43  is for separating the space between the first display layer  41  and the second display layer  42 . For example, the transparent layer  43  is a transparent film. The thickness of the transparent layer  43  is, for example, 50 μm or more and 600 μm or less. The transparent layer  43  is constituted such that the light that has passed through the separation parts  422 A and the light that has been reflected on the first display layer  41  or the like are allowed to pass through. As a material of the transparent layer  43 , the same type as the transparent layer  13  can be exemplified. 
     [Method for Manufacturing Image Display Element] 
     Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing an image display element  40  according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to  FIGS.  11 A and  11 B . 
     (Step of Forming Laminate Body) 
     A laminate body  10 A illustrated in  FIG.  11 A  is formed in the following way. First, a first recording layer  41 A and a second recording layer  42 A are formed on a first principal surface and a second principal surface of a transparent layer  43 , respectively. Subsequently, a transparent layer  13  and a third recording layer  43 A are formed on the second recording layer  42 A. A laminate body  40 A is formed in this way. 
     (Drawing Step of Image and Light-Shielding Parts) 
     The desired positions of the first, second, and third recording layers  41 A,  42 A, and  43 A are respectively irradiated with near-infrared laser beams L 1 , L 2 , and L 3  with adjusted wavelengths and outputs as illustrated in  FIG.  11 B  by, for example, a semiconductor laser or the like. This causes the generation of heat from photothermal conversion materials in the first, second, and third recording layers  41 A,  42 A,  43 A, and coloring reaction (color developing reaction) between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, resulting in the development of color in the irradiated area. A first image  411  is formed on the first recording layer  41 A in this way, and a first display layer  41  is obtained. A second image  422  is formed on the second recording layer  42 A, and a second display layer  42  is obtained. Furthermore, light-shielding parts  12 BK and the light-transmitting parts  12 TR are formed on the third recording layer  43 A, and a light-shielding pattern layer  12  is obtained. 
     As illustrated in  FIG.  11 B , it is preferred to irradiate the first, second, and third recording layers  41 A,  42 A, and  43 A with the near-infrared laser beams L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 , respectively, while aligning the optical axes of the near-infrared laser beams L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 . Since a transparent layer  43  is thin, the focal points of the laser beam L 1  and the laser beam L 2  may be substantially coincident. In addition, since the transparent layer  13  is thin, the focal points of the laser beam L 2  and the laser beam L 3  may be substantially coincident. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As described above, in the image display element  40  according to the fourth embodiment, the display layer  44  includes a first display layer  41  that displays the first image  411 , the second display layer  42  that is disposed opposite to the first display layer  41  and displays the second image  422 , and a transparent layer  43  disposed between the first display layer  41  and the second display layer  42 . Each of the first image  411  and the second image  422  is divided discretely, corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. This changes the image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer  12  depending on the angle from which the display surface S 1  (that is, the light-shielding pattern layer  12 ) is viewed. Specifically, when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the vertical direction, image elements  411 A (that is, a first image  411 ) can be seen from light-transmitting parts  12 TR through the separation parts  422 A (see the point of sight  2  in  FIG.  9   ). When the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ, image elements  421 A (that is, a second image  421 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the points of sight  1  and  3  in  FIG.  9   ). 
     5 FIFTH EMBODIMENT 
     [Configuration of Image Display Element] 
       FIG.  12    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of an image display element  50  according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  50  differs from the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment in that the image display element  50  further includes a back surface layer  51  disposed on the display layer  11 . 
     For example, the back surface layer  51  is a background layer, a reflective layer, or a laminate body of these layers. The background layer is for adding and displaying a background to the first image  111  and the second image  112 . Examples of the background layer include patterns, pictures, characters, combinations of two or more of them, and the like. The reflective layer is for reflecting light that has passed through the display layer  11 . Examples of the reflective layer include metal reflective layers, white reflective layers, and the like. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     The image display element  50  according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure can add and display a background to the first image  111  and the second image  112  when the back surface layer  51  is a background layer. Meanwhile, when the back surface layer  51  is a reflective layer, the first image  111  and the second image  112  can be brightened. Accordingly, displaying clearer images is possible. 
     6 SIXTH EMBODIMENT 
     [Configuration of Image Display Element] 
       FIG.  13    is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of the constitution of the image display element  60  according to the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure. The image display element  60  differs from the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment in that a display layer  61  and a light-shielding pattern layer  62  are provided instead of the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  (see  FIGS.  1  and  2   ). 
     (Light-Shielding Pattern Layer) 
       FIG.  14 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of the light-shielding pattern layer  62 . The light-shielding pattern layer  62  has rectangular-shaped light-shielding parts  62 BK and light-transmitting parts  62 TR, and these light-shielding parts  62 BK and light-transmitting parts  62 TR are arranged in a checkerboard arrangement pattern. In detail, the light-shielding pattern layer  62  has light-shielding parts  62 BK and light-transmitting parts  62 TR arranged alternately in a plurality of rows. The light-shielding parts  62 BK and the light-transmitting parts  62 TR in adjacent rows are arranged side by side. However, the light-shielding parts  62 BK and the light-transmitting parts  62 TR in adjacent rows may be arranged shiftedly. 
     It should be noted that  FIG.  14 A  shows an example wherein the number of rows in which the light-shielding parts  62 BK and the light-transmitting parts  62 TR are alternately arranged is three is illustrated, but the number of the rows is not limited thereto, and the number of rows may be 4 or more, as illustrated in  FIG.  15 A , or may be two. 
     Furthermore,  FIG.  14 A  shows an example wherein the widths of adjacent rows are identical, but the widths of adjacent rows may vary, as illustrated in  FIG.  15 B . 
     Furthermore, the shapes of the light-shielding parts  62 BK and the light-transmitting parts  62 TR is not limited to rectangular shapes, and may be wavy, as illustrated in  FIGS.  16 A and  16 B . 
     (Display Layer) 
       FIG.  14 B  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of a display layer  61 . The display layer  61  has a first image and a second image. The first image and the second image are divided into discrete image elements  611 A and image elements  612 A, respectively, corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  62 TR. The image element  611 A and image element  612 A have rectangular shapes with the substantially same size as the light-transmitting parts  62 TR. 
     The arrangement pattern of the image elements  611 A and the image elements  612 B are each the same as the arrangement pattern (that is, a checkerboard arrangement pattern) of the light-transmitting parts  62 TR of the light-shielding pattern layer  62 . That is, the display layer  61  has a plurality of rows in which the image elements  611 A and the image elements  612 A are alternately arranged. The image element  611 A and the image element  612 A in adjacent rows are arranged side by side. However, the image elements  611 A and the image elements  612 A in adjacent rows may be arranged shiftedly. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As described above, in the image display element  60  according to the sixth embodiment, the light-shielding parts  62 BK and the light-transmitting parts  62 TR of the light-shielding pattern layer  62  are arranged in a checkerboard arrangement pattern. Furthermore, the first image and the second image of the display layer  61  are divided into discrete image elements  611 A and image elements  612 A, respectively, corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  62 TR. Therefore, the image display element  60  can make the counterfeiting more difficult than the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment. 
     7 SEVENTH EMBODIMENT 
       FIG.  17 A  is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of the card  70  according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG.  17 B  is a cross-sectional view along the line XVIIB-XVIIB in  FIG.  17 A . The card  70  includes a supporting base  71 , a first recording layer  72  disposed on the supporting base  71 , a transparent layer  73  disposed on the first recording layer  72 , a second recording layer  74  disposed on the transparent layer  73 , and a protective layer  75  disposed on the second recording layer  74 . 
     The card  70  is an example of a drawing body, specifically an identification card such as, for example, an employee or student ID card.  FIGS.  17 A and  17 B  illustrate an example in which the card  70  is an employee ID card. However, the card  70  is not limited to identification cards such as employee or student ID cards, and may be credit cards, certificates of qualification (for example, driver&#39;s licenses), insurance cards, medical cards, membership cards, or the like. Furthermore, the drawing body is not limited to cards, and may be documents such as passports. 
     (Supporting Base) 
     The supporting base  71  is for supporting each layer of the first recording layer  72 , transparent layer  73 , second recording layer  74 , and protective layer  75 . For example, the supporting base  71  contains a polymer resin. The supporting base may or may not have transparency. 
     (First Recording Layer) 
     For example, the first recording layer  72  contains the same material as the display layer  11  in the first embodiment. The first recording layer  72  includes a display part  72 A, a photograph  72 B, and a background part  72 C. The display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C are arranged in the in-plane direction of the supporting base  71 . The display part  72 A has the same constitution as the display layer  11  in the first embodiment. That is, the display part  72 A displays the first image  111  and the second image  112  (see  FIG.  3   ). The photograph  72 B is formed by a coloring matter in the first recording layer  72 . Specifically, the photograph  72 B is formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in the first recording layer  72 . The background part  72 C forms the background of the card  70 . Examples of the background include patterns, pictures, combinations of them, and the like. The background part  72 C is formed by a coloring matter in the first recording layer  72 . Specifically, the background part  72 C is formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in the first recording layer  72 . 
     However, the photograph  72 B may be formed by interposing a printed matter or the like, which was formed separately, between the supporting base  71  and the transparent layer  73 , or may be printed separately on the supporting base  71 . Similarly, the background part  72 C may be formed by interposing a printed matter or the like, which was formed separately, between the supporting base  71  and the transparent layer  73 , or may be printed separately on the supporting base  71 . 
     The display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C have flat surfaces. As described later, the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C have flat surfaces because the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C are formed by irradiating an unrecorded first recording layer  72  with a laser beam. 
     (Second Recording Layer) 
     The second recording layer  74  is disposed opposite to the first recording layer  72 . For example, the second recording layer  74  contains the same material as the light-shielding pattern layer  12  in the first embodiment. The second recording layer  74  includes a light-shielding pattern part  74 A and a character drawing area  74 B. The light-shielding pattern part  74 A is disposed opposite to the display part  72 A. The light-shielding pattern part  74 A has the same constitution as the light-shielding pattern layer  12  in the first embodiment. That is, the light-shielding pattern part  74 A has alternately disposed light-shielding parts  12 BK and light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see  FIGS.  1  and  2   ). The characters in the character drawing area  74 B are formed by a coloring matter in the second recording layer  74 . Specifically, the characters in the character drawing area  74 B are formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in the second recording layer  74 . However, the characters in the character drawing area  74 B may be formed on the transparent layer  73  by the printing or the like. 
     The light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B have flat surfaces. As described later, the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B have flat surfaces because the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B are formed by irradiating an unrecorded second recording layer  74  with a laser beam. 
     (Transparent Layer) 
     A transparent layer  73  is disposed between the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74 . The transparent layer  73  is the same as the transparent layer  13  in the first embodiment. 
     (Protective Layer) 
     The protective layer  75  protects the surface of the second recording layer  74 . For example, the protective layer  75  is a transparent film or coating layer. 
     (Image Display Element) 
     The image display element  76  is constituted of the display part  72 A, a light-shielding pattern part  74 A disposed opposite to the display part  72 A, and a transparent layer  73  between the display part  72 A and the light-shielding pattern part  74 A. 
     [Method for Manufacturing Image Display Element] 
     Hereinafter, an example of a method for manufacturing a card  70  according to the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. 
     (Lamination Step) 
     First, a coating material for forming recording layers is coated on the supporting base  71  and dried at, for example, 70° C. An unrecorded first recording layer  72  is formed in this way. Next, a transparent layer  73  is formed by laminating a film on the first recording layer  72  or coating a resin on the first recording layer  72  and curing the resin. Next, a coating material for forming recording layers is coated on a transparent layer  73  and dried at, for example, 70° C. An unrecorded second recording layer  74  is formed in this way. An unrecorded card  70  is obtained in this way. 
     The first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  may be formed using a method other than the coating described above. For example, the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  may be formed in advance on separate substrates, respectively, and laminated on the supporting base  71  and the transparent layer  73 , respectively, via adhesive layers. 
     (Drawing Step) 
     Next, in the same manner as the method for manufacturing the image display element  10  according to the first embodiment (see  FIG.  4 B ), the desired positions of the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  are respectively irradiated with a near-infrared laser beam L 1  and a near-infrared laser beam L 2  with adjusted wavelengths and outputs by, for example, a semiconductor laser or the like. This causes the generation of heat from photothermal conversion materials in the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  and coloring reaction (color developing reaction) between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, resulting in the development of color in the irradiated area. The display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C are formed on the first recording layer  72  is formed in this way. Furthermore, the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B are formed on the second recording layer  74 . In  FIG.  17 B , the photograph  72 B and the background part  72 C are formed on the first recording layer  72 , and the character drawing area  74 B is formed on the second recording layer  74 . Meanwhile, it is not necessary to regulate the layer on which the photograph  72 B, the character drawing area  74 B, and the background part  72 C are formed, and they each may be formed on the first recording layer  72 , or may be formed on the second recording layer  74 . That is, the first recording layer  72  may include at least one of the photograph  72 B, the character drawing area  74 B, and the background part  72 C (pattern or the like) formed by a coloring matter, or the second recording layer  74  may include at least one of the photograph  72 B, the character drawing area  74 B, and the background part  72 C (pattern or the like) formed by a coloring matter. 
     The display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C formed on the first recording layer  72 , and the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and character drawing area  74 B formed on the second recording layer  74  can be rewritten. 
     (Step of Forming Protective Layer) 
     Next, a protective layer  75  is formed by laminating a transparent film on the second recording layer  74  via an adhesive layer or coating a resin on the second recording layer  74  and curing the resin. The protective layer  75  may be formed prior to the drawing step. In that case, irradiation with a laser beam for drawing on the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  is performed through the protective layer  75 . 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As mentioned above, the card  70  is made difficult to counterfeit and the authenticity of the card  70  can be easily judged because the card  70  according to the seventh embodiment includes the image display element  76 . 
     The card  70  includes the first recording layer  72 , the second recording layer  74  disposed opposite to the first recording layer  72 , and the transparent layer  73  disposed between the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74 . This enables forming the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, the background part  72 C, the light-shielding pattern part  74 A, and the character drawing area  74 B by irradiating the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  with a laser beam L 1  and a laser beam L 2 , respectively. Accordingly, the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, background part  72 C, the light-shielding pattern part  74 A, and the character drawing area  74 B can be formed simultaneously with the formation of the image display element  76 . The card  70  can be easily constructed in this way. 
     The light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B have flat surfaces because they are formed by irradiating a second recording layer  74  with a flat surface with a laser beam L 2 . Accordingly, when a film is laminated on the second recording layer  74  to form the protective layer  75 , air bubbles can be made difficult to enter the interface between the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and character drawing area  74 B and the protective layer  75 . Accordingly, air bubbles can be prevented from remaining at the interface after lamination. 
     8 EIGHTH EMBODIMENT 
       FIG.  18    is a plan view illustrating an example of the constitution of the card  80  according to the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     The card  80  includes a supporting base  81 , an image display element  82  and an adhesive layer  83  disposed on the supporting base  81 , and the protective layer  84  laminated on the supporting base  81  via the adhesive layer  83 . 
     (Supporting Base) 
     The supporting base  81  is for supporting the image display element  82 . For example, the supporting base  81  contains a polymer resin. At least one of characters, photographs, and backgrounds (for example, patterns, pictures, characters, combinations of these, or the like) may be formed on the supporting base  81  by the printing or the like. 
     (Adhesive Layer) 
     The adhesive layer  83  is disposed so as to surround the image display element  82  and bonds the supporting base  81  and the protective layer  84 . A pressure sensitive adhesion herein is defined as one type of adhesion. According to this definition, a pressure sensitive adhesive layer is considered one type of the adhesive layer  83 . 
     (Image Display Element) 
     The image display element  82  is any of the image display elements  10  to  60  according to the first to sixth embodiments. 
     (Protective Layer) 
     The protective layer  84  is for protecting the image display element  82 , printed matters, or the like disposed on the supporting base  81 . For example, the protective layer  84  is a transparent film. 
     [Operations and Effects] 
     As mentioned above, the card  80  is made difficult to counterfeit and the authenticity of the card  80  can be easily judged because the card  80  according to the eighth embodiment includes the image display element  82 . 
     8 MODIFICATION EXAMPLES 
     Modification Example 1 
     Although an example wherein the display layer  11  displays the first image  111  and the second image  112  in the first embodiment was described, a first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images may be displayed, as illustrated in  FIG.  19   . In this case, the display layer  11  contains a coloring matter, and this coloring matter forms first to n-th images. More specifically, the display layer  11  contains an electron-donating coloring matter and an electron-accepting material, and the first to n-th images are formed by a coloring reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material. The first to n-th images is divided into discrete image elements  11   1  to  11   n  corresponding to the arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The image elements  11   1  to  11   n  of the first to n-th images are arranged repeatedly in an in-plane direction of the display layer  11  in the order of the image elements  11   1  to  11   n  of the first to n-th images. The ratio (W 1 :W 2 ) between the width W 1  of a light-shielding part  12 BK and the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR is preferably about (n−1):1, specifically (n−1):0.9 to (n−1):1.1. The image elements  11   1  to  11   n  each have substantially the same width as the light-transmitting parts  12 TR. The term “substantially the same width” herein means that the ratio (W 2 :W 3 ) between the width W 2  of a light-transmitting part  12 TR and the width W 3  of each of the image elements  11   1  to  11   n  is within the range of 1:0.9 to 1:1.1. 
     It should be noted that, similarly in the second to sixth embodiments, the display layers  11 ,  21 ,  31 ,  44 , and  61  may display a first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images. Similarly, in the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  may display a first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images. 
     Modification Example 2 
     In the first to sixth embodiments, examples wherein the reactions between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in the display layers  11 ,  21 ,  31 ,  44 , and  61  and the light-shielding pattern layers  12 ,  32 , and  62  are reversible were described, but the reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material may be irreversible. Similarly, the reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  in the seventh embodiment may be irreversible. When the reaction is irreversible, as described above, a color developing reagent is used instead of the color developing/reducing reagent as an electron-accepting material. When the reaction is irreversible, as described above, rewriting images becomes difficult, thus increasing the security. 
     Modification Example 3 
     In the first embodiment, an example wherein the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  both contain coloring matters was described, but at least one the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  may contain a coloring matter. 
     When the display layer  11  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains a coloring matter, this coloring matter forms the first image  111  and the second image  112 . 
     When the light-shielding pattern layer  12  among the display layer  11  and light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains a coloring matter, this coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts  12 BK. 
     When the display layer  11  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains no coloring matter, the first image  111  and the second image  112  may be formed with a printing ink. 
     When the light-shielding pattern layer  12  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains no coloring matter, the light-shielding parts  12 BK may be formed with a printing ink containing a pigment such as carbon black, or may be formed with a color resist. The light-transmitting parts  12 TR may be formed with a transparent resin, and may be formed with spaces. 
     It should be noted that, in the second to sixth embodiments, the display layers  11 ,  21 ,  31 ,  44 ,  61  and the light-shielding pattern layers  12 ,  32 ,  62  may have the same constitution as the Modification Example 3 described above. In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  may have the same constitution as the Modification Example 3 described above. 
     Modification Example 4 
     In the first embodiment, an example wherein the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  both contain the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material was described, but at least one of the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  may contain the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material. In this case, the layer containing the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material preferably contains a photothermal conversion material or a polymer material, and more preferably contains both these materials. 
     When the display layer  11  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, the first image  111  and the second image  112  are formed by the reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material. 
     When the light-shielding pattern layer  12  among the display layer  11  and light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material, the light-shielding parts  12 BK is formed by the reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material. 
     When the display layer  11  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains no electron-donating coloring matter and no electron-accepting material, the first image  111  and the second image  112  may be formed with printing ink. 
     When the light-shielding pattern layer  12  among the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains no electron-donating coloring matter and no electron-accepting material, the light-shielding parts  12 BK may be formed with a printing ink containing a pigment such as carbon black, or may be formed with a color resist. The light-transmitting parts  12 TR may be formed with a transparent resin, and may be formed with spaces. 
     It should be noted that in the second to sixth embodiments, the display layers  11 ,  21 ,  31 ,  44 , and  61  and the light-shielding pattern layers  12 ,  32 , and  62  may have the same constitutions as the Modification Example 4 described above. In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  may have the same constitution as the Modification Example 4 described above. 
     Modification Example 5 
     The constitution of the first recording layer  72  and a second recording layer  74  explained in the seventh embodiment is exemplary, and the constitution of the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  is not limited to this example. For example, the constitution explained below may be adopted as the constitution of the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74 . 
     In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  may have the same three-layered constitution as the display layer  21  in the second embodiment. In this case, the coloring matters in each of the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  form the display part  72 A, photograph  72 B, and background part  72 C. More specifically, they are formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in each of the first layer  22 , second layer  23 , and third layer  24 . 
     In the seventh embodiment, the second recording layer  74  may have the same three-layered constitution as the display layer  21  in the second embodiment. In this case, the coloring matters in each of the first layer  22 , the second layer  23 , and the third layer  24  form the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and the character drawing area  74 B. More specifically, they are formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in each of the first layer  22 , second layer  23 , and third layer  24 . 
     In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  may have the same constitution as the display layer  31  in the third embodiment. In this case, three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y (specifically, coloring matters in each of these three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y) form the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C. 
     In the seventh embodiment, the second recording layer  74  may have the same constitution as the display layer  31  in the third embodiment. In this case, three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y (specifically, coloring matters in each of these three types of microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y) form the light-shielding pattern part  74 A and character drawing area  74 B. 
     In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  may have the same constitution as the display layer  44  in the fourth embodiment. In this case, the coloring matters in each of the first display layer  41  and the second display layer  42  form the display part  72 A, the photograph  72 B, and the background part  72 C. More specifically, they are formed by a color-development reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material in each of the first display layer  41  and the second display layer  42 . 
     In the seventh embodiment, the display part  72 A may have the constitution as the display layer  61  in the sixth embodiment, and the light-shielding pattern part  74 A may have the same constitution as the light-shielding pattern layer  62  in the sixth embodiment. 
     Modification Example 6 
     In the first embodiment described above, an example wherein the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contains a single (single-type) electron-donating coloring matter was described, but the constitutions of the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  are not limited thereto. The display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  may contain multiple types of electron-donating coloring matters that develop mutually different colors. Various colors, including the CMY of Japan color, can be reproduced when the display layer  11  and the light-shielding pattern layer  12  contain multiple types of electron-donating coloring matters. For example, cyan color can be reproduced by mixing an electron-donating coloring matter that develops blue with an electron-donating coloring matter that develops green in a given ratio. Magenta color can be reproduced by mixing an electron-donating coloring matter that develops red with an electron-donating coloring matter that develops orange in a given ratio. 
     It should be noted that, similarly, in the second and the fourth to sixth embodiments, the display layers  11 ,  21 ,  44 , and  61  and the light-shielding pattern layers  12  and  62  may contain multiple types of electron-donating coloring matters that develop mutually different colors. In the third embodiment, the microcapsules  31 C,  31 M, and  31 Y may each contain multiple types of electron-donating coloring matters. In the seventh embodiment, the first recording layer  72  and the second recording layer  74  may contain multiple types of electron-donating coloring matters that develop mutually different colors. 
     Modification Example 7 
     In the first embodiment, a case where image elements  111 A (that is, a first image  111 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR (see the point of sight  2  in  FIG.  2   ) when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the vertical direction, and image elements  112 A (that is, a second image  112  (see the points of sight  1  and  3  in  FIG.  2   )) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a specified angle ±θ was described, but the constitution of the image display element is not limited thereto. For example, a constitution may be one wherein image elements  111 A (that is, a first image  111 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a first specified angle ±θ 1 , and image elements  112 A (that is, a second image  112 ) can be seen through light-transmitting parts  12 TR when the display surface S 1  is viewed from the oblique direction with a second specified angle ±θ 2  that differs from the first specified angle ±θ 1 . Such a constitution may also be adopted in the second to eighth embodiments. 
     While embodiments and modification examples of the present disclosure have been described above in detail, the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and modification examples, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present disclosure can be made. 
     For example, the constitutions, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like exemplified in the above embodiments and modification examples are only examples, and as necessary, different constitutions, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values and the like may be used. The constitutions, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like of the above embodiments and modification examples can be combined with each other as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present disclosure. 
     In the numerical ranges stated in stages in the above embodiments and modification examples, the upper limit value or the lower limit value of the numerical range of a certain stage may be replaced with the upper limit value or the lower limit value in the numerical range of another stage. Unless otherwise specified, the materials exemplified in the above embodiments and modification examples may be used alone or two or more thereof may be used in combination. 
     In addition, the present disclosure may have the following constitutions. 
     (1) An image display element including: 
     a display layer configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     the display layer contains a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms the first to n-th images; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on an angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     (2) The image display element according to (1), wherein the light-shielding pattern layer contains a coloring matter, and the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts. 
     (3) The image display element according to (2), wherein the light-shielding pattern layer has a flat surface. 
     (4) The image display element according to (2) or (3), wherein the coloring matter in the light-shielding parts is in a color-developed state, and 
     the coloring matter in the light-transmitting parts is in a decolorized state. 
     (5) The image display element according to any one of (2) to (4), wherein the coloring matter in the display layer and the coloring matter in the light-shielding pattern layer is an electron-donating coloring matter, and 
     the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer further contain an electron-accepting material. 
     (6) The image display element according to (5), wherein a reaction between the electron-donating coloring matter and the electron-accepting material is reversible. 
     (7) The image display element according to (5) or (6), wherein the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer each contain a photothermal conversion material, and 
     the photothermal conversion material in the display layer and the photothermal conversion material in the light-shielding pattern layer have mutually different absorption wavelengths. 
     (8) The image display element according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein a ratio (W 1 :W 2 ) between a width W 1  of the light-shielding parts and a width W 2  of the light-transmitting parts is about (n−1):1. 
     (9) The image display element according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein each of the first to n-th images is divided into discrete image elements corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     image elements of the first to n-th images are arranged repeatedly in an in-plane direction of the display layer in an order of the image elements of the first to n-th images. 
     (10) The image display element according to any one of (1) to (9), wherein the light-shielding parts have an arrangement pattern of a striped pattern. 
     (11) The image display element according to any one of (1) to (10), wherein the display layer includes a first layer, a second layer, and a third layer, and 
     the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer contain coloring matters that develop mutually different colors. 
     (12) An image display element including: a display layer configured to display first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     at least one of the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer contains a coloring matter; 
     if the display layer contains the coloring matter, the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     if the light-shielding pattern layer contains the coloring matter, the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on an angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     (13) An image display element including: 
     a display layer; 
     a light-shielding pattern layer disposed opposite to the display layer and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; and 
     a first transparent layer disposed between the display layer and the light-shielding pattern layer, wherein 
     the display layer includes: 
     a first display layer configured to display a first image; 
     a second display layer disposed opposite to the first display layer and configured to display a second image; and 
     a second transparent layer disposed between the first display layer and the second display layer, wherein 
     the first display layer and the second display layer each contain a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms a first image and the second image; 
     each of the first and second images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern layer changes depending on an angle from which the light-shielding pattern layer is viewed. 
     (14) A drawing body including the image display element according to any one of (1) to (13). 
     (15) A drawing body including: 
     a first recording layer; 
     a second recording layer disposed opposite to the first recording layer; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the first recording layer and the second recording layer, wherein 
     the first recording layer includes a display part configured to display a first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     the first recording layer contains a coloring matter, where the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     the second recording layer includes a light-shielding pattern part disposed opposite to the display part and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern part changes depending on an angle from which the light-shielding pattern part is viewed. 
     (16) The drawing body according to (15), wherein the first recording layer includes at least one of photographs, characters, and patterns formed by the coloring matter. 
     (17) The drawing body according to (15) or (16), wherein the second recording layer contains a coloring matter, and the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts.
     (18) The drawing body according to (17), wherein the second recording layer includes at least one of photographs, characters, and patterns formed by the coloring matter in the second recording layer.   

     (19) A drawing body including: 
     a first recording layer; 
     a second recording layer disposed opposite to the first recording layer; and 
     a transparent layer disposed between the first recording layer and the second recording layer, wherein 
     the first recording layer includes a display part configured to display a first to n-th (where n is an integer of 2 or more) images; 
     the second recording layer includes a light-shielding pattern part disposed opposite to the display part and having alternately disposed light-shielding parts and light-transmitting parts; 
     at least one of the first recording layer and the second recording layer contains a coloring matter; 
     if the first recording layer contains the coloring matter, the coloring matter forms first to n-th images; 
     if the second recording layer contains a coloring matter, the coloring matter forms the light-shielding parts; 
     each of the first to n-th images is divided in a discrete manner corresponding to an arrangement pattern of the light-transmitting parts; and 
     an image visible through the light-shielding pattern part changes depending on an angle from which the light-shielding pattern part is viewed. 
     REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       10 ,  20 ,  30 ,  40 ,  50 ,  60 ,  76 ,  82  Image display element 
       10 A,  20 A,  40 A Laminate body 
       11 ,  21 ,  31 ,  44 ,  61  Display layer 
       11   1 - 11   n  Image element 
       11 A,  21 A,  41 A First recording layer 
       12 ,  32 ,  62  Light-shielding pattern layer 
       12 A,  42 A Second recording layer 
       12 BK,  62 BK Light-shielding part 
       12 TR,  62 TR Light-transmitting part 
       13  Transparent layer 
       22  First layer 
       23  Second layer 
       24  Third layer 
       25 ,  26  Heat insulation layer 
       22 A,  23 A,  24 A,  111 B,  112 B Color-developed part 
       22 B,  23 B,  24 B Color-undeveloped part 
       43 A Third recording layer 
       51  Back surface layer 
       70 ,  80  Card 
       71 ,  81  Supporting base 
       72  First recording layer 
       72 A Display part  72 A 
       72 B Photograph 
       72 C Background part 
       73  Transparent layer 
       74  Second recording layer 
       74 A Light-shielding pattern part 
       74 B Character drawing area 
       75 ,  84  Protective layer 
       83  Adhesive layer 
       111  First image 
       111 A,  411 A,  611 A Image element 
       112  Second image 
       112 A,  412 A,  612 A Image element 
       412 A,  422 A Separation part 
     S 1  Display surface 
     S 2  Back surface 
     L 1 , L 2 , L 3 , L 4  Laser beam