Patent Publication Number: US-10326196-B2

Title: Antenna device

Description:
RELATED APPLICATION(S) 
     This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(a) of a Korean patent application filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on Sep. 25, 2014 and assigned Serial No. 10-2014-0128716, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to antenna devices. 
     Wireless communication techniques are implemented in various ways, such as wireless local area network (WLAN) represented by Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and near field communication (NFC), as well as by commercialized mobile communication network access technologies. Mobile communication services have evolved from the voice-centered first-generation mobile communication services to the fourth-generation mobile communication networks, enabling Internet and multimedia services. Commercial next-generation mobile communication services are expected to be offered through an ultra-high frequency bandwidth of a few tens of GHz. 
     Further, as communication standards such as WLAN or Bluetooth are widely used, electronic devices, e.g., mobile communication terminals, come with antenna devices that operate in various frequency bandwidths. For example, the fourth generation mobile communication service is operated in a frequency bandwidth of, e.g., 700 MHz, 1.8 GHz, or 2.1 GHz. Wi-Fi is operated in a frequency bandwidth of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz, and Bluetooth is operated in a frequency bandwidth of 2.45 GHz, although slightly varied depending on their protocols. 
     Commercially available electronic devices, e.g., TVs and other large-sized electronics to small electronics such as portable terminals, have an increased screen size accomplished by reducing the bezel. Further, in order to provide constant service quality in a commercial wireless communication network while increasing the speed of radio communication and data transmission with diverse external devices, the antenna device of an electronic device needs to provide a high gain and wide beam coverage. The next-generation mobile communication service with a high-frequency bandwidth of a few tens of GHz may thus require higher performance than the antenna device used in the legacy commercial mobile communication services. For example, a higher frequency bandwidth of a radio signal may more quickly transmit a high volume of information. However, as the frequency bandwidth is increased, the straightness of the wireless signal is increased. Accordingly, the wireless signal may be reflected or blocked by an obstacle or its arrival distance may be shortened. 
     However, the recent trend for electronic devices is to transmit a higher volume of data more rapidly while still installing or positioning the antenna device into a limited size or shape. Further, as the bezel size of the electronic device is reduced and the screen size is increased, the installation space for the antenna device that is placed to radiate in the front direction is gradually reducing. However, a change in the installation position of the antenna device may render it difficult to secure an antenna radiation efficiency. 
     Further, the electronic device equipped with various antenna devices such as a mobile communication service, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and NFC, may have difficulty securing stabilized communication performance in an ultra-high frequency bandwidth. 
     Proposed are techniques of putting the antenna devices with an antenna radiation efficiency in a display device in a slim, reduced-bezel electronic device. The display device has a touchscreen panel; therefore, electromagnetic waves radiated from the touchscreen panel may interfere and negatively affect the antenna modules. 
     Further, the display panel or touchscreen panel in the display device may generate about 1 MHz drive pulses that may cause high frequency interference. That is, when two or more radio frequency (RF) devices come along, the devices may experience deteriorated performance due to securing isolation therebetween. 
     Further, in the case of an antenna device with a conductive grid shape, as the conductive grid has a high surface resistance, an excessive loss may occur in the power feeding portion. Resistance is proportional to the length per unit area (resistance=length/cross section area). Accordingly, as the conductive grid of the antenna device has a higher resistance, the efficiency of the antenna device is decreased. 
     The conductive grid may be provided in the antenna area of the antenna device. When the conductive grid includes a resistance component, the antenna modules may go through sharply reduced efficiency, radiation performance, or even an operation failure. 
     The above information is presented as background information only to assist with an understanding of the present disclosure. No determination has been made, and no assertion is made, as to whether any of the above might be applicable as prior art with regard to the present disclosure. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna device that is provided in a display panel and that may be flexibly relocated depending on the installation position of the touchscreen panel. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device that may diversify power feeding depending on the position where the antenna module is mounted. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device that may perform power feeding on the same plane (co-planar) or on different planes (differential-layer). Further, the antenna device may enable smooth power feeding to the antenna module and minimize a feeding loss. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device that may provide power feeding to the antenna module implemented on a display panel by various methods, thus allowing the antenna module to be mounted at various positions. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device that allows the conductive grids of the antenna module to have a lower resistance. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device for minimizing a loss over the transmission line of the antenna module. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device considering the resistance to increase the efficiency of the antenna module. 
     In accordance with an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, an antenna device is implemented in a display device that may comprise a dielectric layer provided in the display device, an antenna area disposed in a surface of the dielectric layer, provided in a transparent area of the display device, and having at least one or more antenna patterns transmitting or receiving an electromagnetic wave through a plurality of conductive grids, a power feeding area provided in the transparent area or an opaque area of the display device and having a power feeding pattern providing a signal current to the antenna pattern through the plurality of conductive grids, and a transmission line portion connecting a substrate portion provided in the display device with the power feeding pattern. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna module may be flexibly located at various positions depending on the position where the touchscreen panel is mounted in the display device. Further, the power feeding portion may be located at various positions depending on the position where the antenna module is placed. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as the antenna module is implemented on the display panel of the display device, a space for mounting the antenna device may be secured. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a plurality of antennas may be mounted on the display panel depending on power feeding, so that the antennas may function as an array antenna. Further, antenna output may be increased, reducing the power consumption upon transmission or reception. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, power feeding to the antenna module may be rendered possible depending on the position where the antenna module is mounted. Further, when power is fed to the antenna module implemented on the display panel, the power feeding may be performed in a type coupled with the antenna module (direct type feeding) or in a type separated from the antenna module (coupling type feeding). Further, when a plurality of antenna modules are arrayed on the display panel, power feeding to the antenna modules may be performed by loop type feeding or parallel type feeding. That is, power feeding to the antenna modules may be smoothly performed in whatever positions the antenna modules are located in the display device, minimizing feeding loss. Further, power feeding to the antenna module may be possible in various ways, allowing the antenna module to be located at various positions. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna device may achieve a lower resistance through the shape or form of the conductive grids provided in the antenna module. 
     Further, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) may be provided on a surface of the dielectric layer to isolate the antenna module from the touchscreen panel. Or, an area for index matching may be implemented through a band stop transmission line (TL). Or, an omni-directional antenna module may be provided. Accordingly, the specific absorption rate (SAR) of electromagnetic waves created upon installing the broadside antenna may be restricted, minimizing the loss over the transmission line of the antenna module. 
     Other aspects, advantages, and salient features of the disclosure will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, discloses exemplary embodiments of the disclosure. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A more complete appreciation of the present disclosure and many of the attendant aspects thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a view illustrating an electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram  200  illustrating an electronic device  201  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram  300  illustrating a program module  310  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device  10  having an antenna device  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device having an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 6A ,  FIG. 6B ,  FIG. 6C ,  FIG. 6D  are views illustrating conductive grids formed in a power feeding pattern and a process for deriving a resistance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B  are views illustrating conductive grids having different widths in an X direction or Y direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 8  is a graph illustrating antenna radiation performance depending on resistances according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 9A and 9B  are views illustrating an antenna device having an artificial magnetic conductor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 10  is a view illustrating an antenna device having a stop band according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
         FIG. 11  is a view illustrating a radiation pattern of an antenna device for reducing an electromagnetic wave human absorption rate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 12A through 12F  are views illustrating various shapes of an antenna area and a power feeding area formed in a dielectric layer of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other co-planarly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 13B  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other co-planarly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 14B  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 15A and 15B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas on a dielectric layer and a power feeding area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area disconnected from each other on the same plane and coupled with each other through an electric field, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16B  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area disconnected from each other on the same plane and coupled with each other through a magnetic field, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 16C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an antenna device having an indirect power feeding portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 17A and 17B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas and an indirect power feeding portion coupled with the antenna areas through an electric field according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIGS. 18A and 18B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas and an indirect power feeding portion coupled with the antenna areas through a magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 19A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area as an indirect power feeding portion on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; 
         FIG. 19B  is a view illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
         FIG. 19C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an antenna device having an indirect power feeding portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     
    
    
     Throughout the drawings, like reference numerals will be understood to refer to like parts, components, and structures. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure are described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be appreciated that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments, and all changes and/or equivalents or replacements thereto also belong to the scope of the present disclosure. The same or similar reference denotations may be used to refer to the same or similar elements throughout the specification and the drawings. 
     As used herein, the terms “have,” “may have,” “include,” or “may include” a feature (e.g., a number, function, operation, or a component such as a part) indicate the existence of the feature and do not exclude the existence of other features. 
     As used herein, the terms “A or B,” “at least one of A and/or B,” or “one or more of A and/or B” may include all possible combinations of A and B. For example, “A or B,” “at least one of A and B,” “at least one of A or B” may indicate (1) including at least one A, (2) including at least one B, or (3) including at least one A and at least one B. 
     As used herein, the terms “first” and “second” may modify various components regardless of importance and do not limit the components. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first user device and a second user device may indicate different user devices from each other regardless of the order or importance of the devices. For example, a first component may be denoted a second component, and vice versa without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. 
     It will be understood that when an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as being (operatively or communicatively) “coupled with/to,” or “connected with/to” another element (e.g., a second element), it can be coupled or connected with/to the other element directly or via a third element. In contrast, it will be understood that when an element (e.g., a first element) is referred to as being “directly coupled with/to” or “directly connected with/to” another element (e.g., a second element), no other element (e.g., a third element) intervenes between the element and the other element. 
     As used herein, the terms “configured (or set) to” may be interchangeably used with the terms “suitable for,” “having the capacity to,” “designed to,” “adapted to,” “made to,” or “capable of” depending on circumstances. The term “configured (or set) to” does not essentially mean “specifically designed in hardware to.” Rather, the term “configured to” may mean that a device can perform an operation together with another device or parts. For example, the term “processor configured (or set) to perform A, B, and C” may mean a generic-purpose processor (e.g., a CPU or application processor) that may perform the operations by executing one or more software programs stored in a memory device or a dedicated processor (e.g., an embedded processor) for performing the operations. 
     The terms as used herein are provided merely to describe some embodiments thereof, but not to limit the scope of other embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. All terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments of the present disclosure belong. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. In some cases, the terms defined herein may be interpreted to exclude embodiments of the present disclosure. 
     For example, examples of the electronic device according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one of a smartphone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a mobile phone, a video phone, an e-book reader, a desktop PC, a laptop computer, a netbook computer, a workstation, a PDA (personal digital assistant), a portable multimedia player (PMP), an MP3 player, a mobile medical device, a camera, or a wearable device (e.g., smart glasses, a head-mounted device (HMD), electronic clothes, an electronic bracelet, an electronic necklace, an electronic appcessory, an electronic tattoo, a smart minor, or a smart watch). 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device may be a smart home appliance. For example, examples of the smart home appliance may include at least one of a television, a digital video disk (DVD) player, an audio player, a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a cleaner, an oven, a microwave oven, a washer, a drier, an air cleaner, a set-top box, a home automation control panel, a security control panel, a TV box (e.g., Samsung HomeSync™, Apple TV™, or Google TV™), a gaming console (Xbox™, PlayStation™), an electronic dictionary, an electronic key, a camcorder, or an electronic picture frame. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, examples of the electronic device may include at least one of various medical devices (e.g., diverse portable medical measuring devices (a blood sugar measuring device, a heartbeat measuring device, or a body temperature measuring device), a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) device, a magnetic re sonance imaging (MRI) device, a computed tomography (CT) device, an imaging device, or an ultrasonic device), a navigation device, a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, an event data recorder (EDR), a flight data recorder (FDR), an automotive infotainment device, an sailing electronic device (e.g., a sailing navigation device or a gyro compass), avionics, security devices, vehicular head units, industrial or home robots, automatic teller&#39;s machines (ATMs), point of sales (POS) devices, or Internet of Things devices (e.g., a bulb, various sensors, an electric or gas meter, a sprinkler, a fire alarm, a thermostat, a street light, a toaster, fitness equipment, a hot water tank, a heater, or a boiler). 
     According to various embodiments of the disclosure, examples of the electronic device may be at least one of furniture, part of a building/structure, an electronic board, an electronic signature receiving device, a projector, or various measurement devices (e.g., devices for measuring water, electricity, gas, or electromagnetic waves). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device may be one or a combination of the above-listed devices. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device may be a flexible electronic device. The electronic device disclosed herein is not limited to the above-listed devices, and may include new electronic devices depending on the development of technology. 
     Hereinafter, electronic devices are described with reference to the accompanying drawings, according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. As used herein, the term “user” may denote a human or another device (e.g., an artificial intelligent electronic device) using the electronic device. 
       FIG. 1  is a view illustrating an electronic device  101  in a network environment  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device  101  may include a bus  110 , a processor  120 , a memory  130 , an input/output interface  150 , a display  160 , and a communication interface  170 . In some embodiments, the electronic device  101  may exclude at least one of the components or may add another component. 
     The bus  110  may include a circuit for connecting the components  110 ,  120 ,  130 ,  150 ,  160 , and  170  with one another and transferring communications (e.g., control messages and/or data) between the components. 
     The processor  120  may include one or more of a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or a communication processor (CP). The processor  120  may perform control on at least one of the other components of the electronic device  101 , and/or perform an operation or data processing relating to communication. 
     The memory  130  may include a volatile and/or non-volatile memory. For example, the memory  130  may store commands or data related to at least one other component of the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the memory  130  may store software and/or a program  140 . The program  140  may include, e.g., a kernel  141 , middleware  143 , an application programming interface (API)  145 , and/or an application program (or “application”)  147 . At least a portion of the kernel  141 , middleware  143 , or API  145  may be denoted as an operating system (OS). 
     For example, the kernel  141  may control or manage system resources (e.g., the bus  110 , processor  120 , or a memory  130 ) used to perform operations or functions implemented in other programs (e.g., the middleware  143 , API  145 , or application  147 ). The kernel  141  may provide an interface that allows the middleware  143 , the API  145 , or the application  147  to access the individual components of the electronic device  101  to control or manage system resources. 
     The middleware  143  may function as a relay to allow the API  145  or the application  147  to communicate data with the kernel  141 . A plurality of applications  147  may be provided. The middleware  143  may control (e.g., scheduling or load balancing) work requests received from the application  147 , e.g., by allocation of the priority of using the system resources of the electronic device  101  (e.g., the bus  110 , the processor  120 , or the memory  130 ) to at least one application of the plurality of applications  147 . 
     The API  145  is an interface allowing the application  147  to control functions provided from the kernel  141  or the middleware  143 . For example, the API  145  may include at least one interface or function (e.g., a command) for file control, window control, image processing or text control. 
     The input/output interface  150  may serve as an interface that may, e.g., transfer commands or data input from a user or other external devices to other component(s) of the electronic device  101 . Further, the input/output interface  150  may output commands or data received from other component(s) of the electronic device  101  to the user or the other external device. 
     The display  160  may include, e.g., a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, or a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) display, or an electronic paper display. The display  160  may display, e.g., various contents (e.g., text, images, videos, icons, or symbols) to the user. The display  160  may include a touchscreen and may receive, e.g., a touch, gesture, proximity or hovering input using an electronic pen or a body portion of the user. 
     For example, the communication interface  170  may set up communication between the electronic device  101  and an external device (e.g., a first electronic device  102 , a second electronic device  104 , or a server  106 ). For example, the communication interface  170  may be connected with the network  162  through wireless or wired communication to communicate with the external electronic device (e.g., the second electronic device  104  or server  106 ). 
     The wireless communication may use at least one of, e.g., LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, WCDMA, UMTS, WiBro, or GSM, as a cellular communication protocol. The wired connection may include at least one of universal serial bus (USB), high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), recommended standard-232 (RS-232), or plain old telephone service (POTS). The network  162  may include at least one of a telecommunication network, e.g., a computer network (e.g., LAN or WAN), Internet, or a telephone network. 
     The first and second external electronic devices  102  and  104  each may be a device of the same or a different type from the electronic device  101 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the server  106  may include a group of one or more servers. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, all or some of operations executed on the electronic device  101  may be executed on another or multiple other electronic devices (e.g., the electronic devices  102  and  104  or server  106 ). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the electronic device  101  should perform some function or service automatically or through a request, the electronic device  101 , instead of executing the function or service on its own, may request another device (e.g., electronic devices  102  and  104  or server  106 ) to perform at least some functions associated therewith. The other electronic device (e.g., electronic devices  102  and  104  or server  106 ) may execute the requested functions or additional functions and transfer a result of the execution to the electronic device  101 . The electronic device  101  may provide a requested function or service by processing the received result as it is or additionally. To that end, a cloud computing, distributed computing, or client-server computing technique, for example, may be used. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram  200  illustrating an electronic device  201  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The electronic device  201  may include the whole or part of the configuration of, e.g., the electronic device  101  shown in  FIG. 1 . The electronic device  201  may include one or more application processors (APs)  210 , a communication module  220 , a subscriber identification module (SIM) card  224 , a memory  230 , a sensor module  240 , an input device  250 , a display  260 , an interface  270 , an audio module  280 , a camera module  291 , a power management module  295 , a battery  296 , an indicator  297 , and a motor  298 . 
     The AP  210  may control multiple hardware and software components connected to the AP  210  by running, e.g., an operating system or application programs, and the AP  210  may process and compute various data. The AP  210  may be implemented in, e.g., a System on Chip (SoC). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the AP  210  may further include a graphic processing unit (GPU) and/or an image signal processor. The AP  210  may include at least some (e.g., the cellular module  221 ) of the components shown in  FIG. 2 . The AP  210  may load a command or data received from at least one of other components (e.g., a non-volatile memory) on a volatile memory, process the command or data, and store various data in the non-volatile memory. 
     The communication module  220  may have the same or similar configuration to the communication interface  170  of  FIG. 1 . The communication module  220  may include, e.g., a cellular module  221 , a Wi-Fi module  223 , a Bluetooth (BT) module  225 , a global positioning system (GPS) module  227 , a near field communication (NFC) module  228 , and a radio frequency (RF) module  229 . 
     The cellular module  221  may provide voice call, video call, text, or Internet services through, e.g., a communication network. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cellular module  221  may perform identification or authentication on the electronic device  201  in the communication network using a subscriber identification module (e.g., the SIM card  224 ). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cellular module  221  may perform at least some of the functions providable by the AP  210 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cellular module  221  may include a communication processor (CP). 
     The Wi-Fi module  223 , the BT module  225 , the GPS module  227 , or the NFC module  228  may include a process for, e.g., processing data communicated through the module. At least some (e.g., two or more) of the cellular module  221 , the Wi-Fi module  223 , the BT module  225 , the GPS module  227 , and the NFC module  228  may be included in a single integrated circuit (IC) or an IC package. 
     The RF module  229  may communicate by using, e.g., communication signals (e.g., RF signals). The RF module  229  may include, e.g., a transceiver, a power amp module (PAM), a frequency filter, a low noise amplifier (LNA), or an antenna. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the cellular module  221 , the Wi-Fi module  223 , the BT module  225 , the GPS module  227 , or the NFC module  228  may communicate RF signals through a separate RF module. 
     The SIM card  224  may include, e.g., a card including a subscriber identification module and/or an embedded SIM, and may contain unique identification information (e.g., an integrated circuit card identifier (ICCID)) or subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)). 
     The memory  230  (e.g., the memory  130 ) may include, e.g., an embedded memory  232  or an external memory  234 . The embedded memory  232  may include at least one of, e.g., a volatile memory (e.g., a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a static RAM (SRAM), a synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), etc.) or a non-volatile memory (e.g., a one time programmable ROM (OTPROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable and programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable and programmable ROM (EEPROM), a mask ROM, a flash ROM, a flash memory (e.g., a NAND flash, or a NOR flash), a hard drive, or solid state drive (SSD)). 
     The external memory  234  may include a flash drive, e.g., a compact flash (CF) memory, a secure digital (SD) memory, a micro-SD memory, a min-SD memory, an extreme digital (xD) memory, or a memory Stick™. The external memory  234  may be functionally and/or physically connected with the electronic device  201  via various interfaces. 
     The sensor module  240  may measure a physical quantity or detect an operational stage of the electronic device  201 , and the sensor module  240  may convert the measured or detected information into an electrical signal. The sensor module  240  may include at least one of, e.g., a gesture sensor  240 A, a gyro sensor  240 B, an atmospheric pressure sensor  240 C, a magnetic sensor  240 D, an acceleration sensor  240 E, a grip sensor  240 F, a proximity sensor  240 G, a color sensor  240 H such as an RGB (Red, Green, Blue) sensor, a biometric sensor  240 I, a temperature/humidity sensor  240 J, an illumination sensor  240 K, or an Ultra Violet (UV) sensor  240 M. Additionally or alternatively, the sensor module  240  may include, e.g., an E-nose sensor, an electromyography (EMG) sensor, an electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor, an electrocardiogram (ECG) sensor, an infrared (IR) sensor, an iris sensor, or a finger print sensor. The sensor module  240  may further include a control circuit for controlling at least one or more of the sensors included in the sensor module  240 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device  201  may further include a processor configured to control the sensor module  240  as part of an AP  210  or separately from the AP  210 , and the electronic device  201  may control the sensor module  240  while the AP is in a sleep mode. 
     The input device  250  may include a touch panel  252 , a (digital) pen sensor  254 , a key  256 , or an ultrasonic input device  258 . The touch panel  252  may use at least one of capacitive, resistive, infrared, or ultrasonic methods. The touch panel  252  may further include a control circuit. The touch panel  252  may further include a tactile layer and may provide a user with a tactile reaction. 
     The (digital) pen sensor  254  may include, e.g., a part of a touch panel or a separate sheet for recognition. The key  256  may include e.g., a physical button, optical key or key pad. The ultrasonic input device  258  may use an input tool that generates an ultrasonic signal and enables the electronic device  201  to detect data by sensing the ultrasonic signal to a microphone (e.g., the microphone  288 ). 
     The display  260  (e.g., the display  160 ) may include a panel  262 , a hologram device  264 , or a projector  266 . The panel  262  may have the same or similar configuration to the display  160  of  FIG. 1 . The panel  262  may be implemented to be flexible, transparent, or wearable. The panel  262  may also be incorporated with the touch panel  252  in a unit. The hologram device  264  may make three dimensional (3D) images (holograms) in the air by using light interference. The projector  266  may display an image by projecting light onto a screen. The screen may be, for example, located inside or outside of the electronic device  201 . In accordance with an embodiment, the display  260  may further include a control circuit to control the panel  262 , the hologram device  264 , or the projector  266 . 
     The interface  270  may include e.g., a High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI)  272 , a USB  274 , an optical interface  276 , or a D-subminiature (D-sub)  278 . The interface  270  may be included in e.g., the communication interface  170  shown in  FIG. 1 . Additionally or alternatively, the interface  270  may include a Mobile High-definition Link (MHL) interface, a secure digital (SD) card/multimedia card (MMC) interface, or IrDA standard interface. 
     The audio module  280  may convert a sound into an electric signal or vice versa, for example. At least a part of the audio module  280  may be included in e.g., the input/output interface  150  as shown in  FIG. 1 . The audio module  280  may process sound information input or output through e.g., a speaker  282 , a receiver  284 , an earphone  286 , or a microphone  288 . 
     For example, the camera unit  291  may be a device for capturing still images and videos, and may include, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one or more image sensors (e.g., front and back sensors), a lens, an Image Signal Processor (ISP), or a flash such as an LED or xenon lamp. 
     The power management unit  295  may manage power of the electronic device  201 . Although not shown, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a Power management Integrated Circuit (PMIC), a charger IC, or a battery or fuel gauge is included in the power management unit  295 . The PMIC may have a wired and/or wireless recharging scheme. The wireless charging scheme may include e.g., a magnetic resonance scheme, a magnetic induction scheme, or an electromagnetic wave based scheme, and an additional circuit, such as a coil loop, a resonance circuit, a rectifier, or the like may be added for wireless charging. The battery gauge may measure an amount of remaining power of the battery  296 , a voltage, a current, or a temperature while the battery  296  is being charged. The battery  296  may include, e.g., a rechargeable battery or a solar battery. 
     The indicator  297  may indicate a particular state of the electronic device  201  or a part of the electronic device (e.g., the AP  210 ), the particular state including e.g., a booting state, a message state, or charging state. The motor  298  may convert an electric signal to a mechanical vibration and may generate a vibrational or haptic effect. Although not shown, a processing unit for supporting mobile TV, such as a GPU may be included in the electronic device  201 . The processing unit for supporting mobile TV may process media data conforming to a standard for Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB), Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB), or media flow. 
     Each of the aforementioned components of the electronic device may include one or more parts, and a name of the part may vary with a type of the electronic device. The electronic device in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure may include at lest one of the aforementioned components, omit some of them, or include other additional component(s). Some of the components may be combined into an entity, but the entity may perform the same functions as the components may do. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram  300  illustrating a program module  310  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the program module  310  (e.g., the program  140 ) may include an operating system (OS) controlling resources related to the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) and/or various applications (e.g., the application  147 ) driven on the operating system. The operating system may include, e.g., Android, iOS, Windows, Symbian, Tizen, or Bada. 
     The program module  310  may include, e.g., a kernel  320 , middleware  330 , an application programming interface (API)  360 , and/or an application(s)  370 . At least a part of the program module  310  may be preloaded on the electronic device or may be downloaded from a server (e.g., the server  106  of  FIG. 1 ). 
     The kernel  320  (e.g., the kernel  141  of  FIG. 1 ) may include, e.g., a system resource manager  321  or a device driver  323 . The system resource manager  321  may perform control, allocation, or recovery of system resources. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the system resource manager  321  may include a process managing unit, a memory managing unit, or a file system managing unit. The device driver  323  may include, e.g., a display driver, a camera driver, a Bluetooth driver, a shared memory driver, a USB driver, a keypad driver, a WiFi driver, an audio driver, or an inter-process communication (IPC) driver. 
     The middleware  330  may provide various functions to the application  370  through the API  360  so that the application  370  may efficiently use the limited system resources in the electronic device or provide functions jointly required by applications  370 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the middleware  330  (e.g., middleware  143 ) may include at least one of a runtime library  335 , an application manager  341 , a window manager  342 , a multimedia manager  343 , a resource manager  344 , a power manager  345 , a database manager  346 , a package manager  347 , a connectivity manager  348 , a notification manager  349 , a location manager  350 , a graphic manager  351 , or a security manager  352 . 
     The runtime library  335  may include a library module used by a compiler in order to add a new function through a programming language while, e.g., the application  370  is being executed. The runtime library  335  may perform input/output management, memory management, or operations like arithmetic functions. 
     The application manager  341  may manage the life cycle of at least one application of, e.g., the applications  370 . The window manager  342  may manage GUI resources used on the screen. The multimedia manager  343  may grasp formats necessary to play various media files and use a codec appropriate for a format to perform encoding or decoding on media files. The resource manager  344  may manage resources, such as source code of at least one of the applications  370 , memory or storage space. 
     The power manager  345  may operate together with, e.g., a basic input/output system (BIOS) to manage battery or power and provide power information necessary for operating the electronic device. The database manager  346  may generate, search, or vary a database to be used in at least one of the applications  370 . The package manager  347  may manage installation or update of an application that is distributed in the form of a package file. 
     The connectivity manager  348  may manage wireless connectivity, such as, e.g., WiFi or Bluetooth. The notification manager  349  may display or notify an event, such as a coming message, appointment, or proximity notification, of the user without interfering with the user. The location manager  350  may manage locational information on the electronic device. The graphic manager  351  may manage graphic effects to be offered to the user and their related user interface. The security manager  352  may provide various security functions necessary for system security or user authentication. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) has telephony capability, the middleware  330  may further include a telephony manager for managing voice call or video call functions of the electronic device. 
     The middleware  330  may include a middleware module forming a combination of various functions of the above-described components. The middleware  330  may provided a specified module per type of the operating system in order to provide a differentiated function. Further, the middleware  330  may dynamically omit some existing components or add new components. 
     The API  360  (e.g., the API  145 ) may be a set of, e.g., API programming functions and may have different configurations depending on operating systems. For example, in the case of Android or iOS, one API set may be provided per flatform, and in the case of Tizen, two or more API sets may be offered per flatform. 
     The application  370  (e.g., the application  147 ) may include one or more applications that may provide functions such as, e.g., a home  371 , a dialer  372 , an SMS/MMS  373 , an instant message (IM)  374 , a browser  375 , a camera  376 , an alarm  377 , a contact  378 , a voice dial  379 , an email  380 , a calendar  381 , a media player  382 , an album  383 , or a clock  384 , a health-care (e.g., measuring the degree of a workout or blood sugar) function, or a provision of environmental information (e.g., a provision of air pressure, moisture, or temperature information). 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the application  370  may include an application (hereinafter, “information exchanging application” for convenience) supporting information exchange between the electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  101 ) and an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic devices  102  and  104 ). Examples of the information exchange application may include, but is not limited to, a notification relay application for transferring specific information to the external electronic device, or a device management application for managing the external electronic device. 
     For example, the notification relay application may include a function for relaying notification information generated from other applications of the electronic device (e.g., the SMS/MMS application, email application, health-care application, or environmental information application) to the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic devices  102  and  104 ). Further, the notification relay application may receive notification information from, e.g., the external electronic device and may provide the received notification information to the user. The device management application may perform at least some functions of the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device  104 ) e.g., communicating with the electronic device (for example, turning on/off the external electronic device or some components of the external electronic device) or control the brightness (or resolution) of the display, and the device management application may manage (e.g., install, delete, or update) an application operating in the external electronic device or a service (e.g., call service or message service) provided from the external electronic device. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the application  370  may include an application (e.g., a health-care application) designed depending on the attribute (e.g., as an attribute of the electronic device such as the type of electronic device being a mobile medical device) of the external electronic device (e.g., the electronic devices  102  and  104 ). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the application  370  may include an application received from the external electronic device (e.g., the server  106  or electronic devices  102  and  104 ). According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the application  370  may include a preloaded application or a third party application downloadable from a server. The names of the components of the program module  310  according to the shown embodiment may be varied depending on the type of operating system. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least a part of the program module  310  may be implemented in software, firmware, hardware, or in a combination of two or more thereof. At least a part of the program module  310  may be implemented (e.g., executed) by e.g., a processor (e.g., the AP  210 ). At least a part of the programming module  310  may include e.g., a module, program, routine, set of instructions, process, or the like for performing one or more functions. 
     The term ‘module’ may refer to a unit including one of hardware, software, and firmware, or a combination thereof. The term ‘module’ may be interchangeably used with a unit, logic, logical block, component, or circuit. The module may be a minimum unit or part of an integrated component. The ‘module’ may be a minimum unit or part of performing one or more functions. The module may be implemented mechanically or electronically. For example, the module may include at least one of Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chips, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs) that perform some operations, which have already been known or will be developed in the future. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least a part of the device (e.g., modules or their functions) or method (e.g., operations) may be implemented as instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium e.g., in the form of a program module. The instructions, when executed by a processor (e.g., the processor  120  of  FIG. 1 ), may enable the processor to carry out a corresponding function. The computer-readable storage medium may be, e.g., the memory  130 . 
     The computer-readable storage medium may include a hardware device, such as hard discs, floppy discs, and magnetic tapes (e.g., a magnetic tape), optical media such as Compact Disc ROMs (CD-ROMs) and Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), magneto-optical media such as floptical disks, ROMs, RAMs, Flash Memories, and/or the like. Examples of the program instructions may include not only machine language codes but also high-level language codes which are executable by various computing means using an interpreter. The aforementioned hardware devices may be configured to operate as one or more software modules to carry out exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and vice versa. 
     Modules or programming modules in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure may include at least one or more of the aforementioned components, omit some of them, or further include other additional components. Operations performed by modules, programming modules or other components in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out sequentially, simultaneously, repeatedly, or heuristically. Furthermore, some of the operations may be performed in a different order, or omitted, or include other additional operation(s). 
     The embodiments disclosed herein are proposed for description and understanding of the disclosed technology and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure should be interpreted as including all changes or various embodiments based on the technical spirit of the present disclosure. 
     Hereinafter, antenna devices are described in more detail with reference to  FIGS. 4 to 19C  in connection with various embodiments of the present disclosure. 
       FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device  10  having an antenna device  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a display device having an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 4 and 5 , according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display device  10  is configured to display a screen and to implement an input and includes a plurality of modules, e.g., a backlight unit  11 , a window panel, and a touchscreen panel  16 . The display device  10  may include one of various forms or materials, such as a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) panel, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) panel, an Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) panel, or an Active Matrix Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED) panel, depending on methods for implementing images. An embodiment of the present disclosure in which the display device  10  has an LED or LCD panel stacking structure is described as an example. However, the display device  10  may be formed of one of the above-exemplified various panels. 
     According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the stacking structure of panels provided in the display device  10  is described. The stacking structure includes, at its lower side, a backlight unit  11 , a first polarizing plate formed of, e.g., polyimide, a TFT array panel  12 , a rear glass panel  13 , a second polarizing plate  14 , and a cover glass panel  15  at its upper side. A touchscreen panel  16  sensing a contact or proximity may be disposed between the cover glass panel  15  and the second polarizing plate  14 , between the second polarizing plate  14  and the rear glass panel  13 , and/or between the rear glass panel  13  and the TFT array panel  12  depending on the installation environment or the stacks of the display device  10 . 
     The touchscreen panel  16  may be implemented as a conductive film member, such as an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) panel having a mesh grid including transparent conductive lines and electrodes. 
     Further, according to the present disclosure, the antenna device  100  (hereinafter, referred to as a ‘display antenna panel  100 ’) may be disposed adjacent to the touchscreen panel  16  on the cover glass panel  15 , between the cover glass panel  15  and the second polarizing plate  14 , and/or between the second polarizing plate  14  and the rear glass panel  13 . Further, a circuit board unit  17  (in  FIG. 5 ) may be provided under the display device  10  to supply power to the panels. Further, the display antenna panel  100  may be connected with an RF module  17   a  (see  FIG. 16C  and  FIG. 19C )  17 A of the circuit board unit  17  through a feeding portion  101 , such as a cable or Flexible Printed Circuit Board (FPCB), to feed power from the circuit board unit  17  having a communication module to the display antenna panel  100 . 
     The display device  10  may include a transparent area VA requiring a transmittance to display a screen and an opaque area BA that is positioned around the transparent area VA and that requires no transmittance. The transparent area VA should prevent the mesh grids of the touchscreen panel  16  or conductive grids (which are described below) of the display antenna panel  100  from being viewed such that a screen may be displayed through a view area. Further, the signal lines or the feeding portion  101  may be positioned under the opaque area BA and a printed layer (not shown) may be provided at the opaque area BA to shield the signal lines or the feeding portion  101 . 
     According to the present disclosure, the display antenna panel  100  may implement an antenna pattern  121  and a power feeding pattern  131  with the transparent area VA and/or the opaque area BA (see  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 14A ,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B ). 
     Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the display antenna panel  100  may include a dielectric layer  110 , an antenna area  120 , a power feeding area  130 , and a feeding portion  101  (see  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 14A ,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B ). 
     The dielectric layer  110  is stacked adjacent to the touchscreen panel  16  and may be disposed adjacent to the touchscreen panel  16  on the cover glass panel  15 , between the cover glass panel  15  and the second polarizing plate  14 , and/or between the second polarizing plate  14  and the rear glass panel  13  (see  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 14A ,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B ). 
     The dielectric layer  110  may include the antenna area  120  having the antenna pattern  121  implemented with a plurality of conductive grids and the power feeding area  130  having the power feeding pattern  131  implemented with a plurality of conductive grids (see  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 14A ,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B ). 
       FIG. 6A  through  FIG. 6D  are a view illustrating conductive grids formed in a power feeding pattern and a process for deriving a resistance according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 7A  and  FIG. 7B  are a view illustrating conductive grids having different widths in an X direction or Y direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 8  is a graph illustrating antenna radiation performance depending on resistances according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 6 to 8 , the plurality of conductive grids provided in the power feeding area and/or the plurality of conductive grids provided in the antenna area may be configured so that relatively more conductive grids may be provided in a parallel direction with respect to a direction along which a signal current is applied. The configuration also allows for relatively fewer conductive grids to be provided in a series direction with respect to the direction along which the signal current is applied. In particular, the plurality of conductive grids provided in the power feeding area may prevent a signal current applied through the feeding portion from being reduced in the power feeding area as the resistance in the direction of the signal current is decreased. 
     Specifically, the power feeding pattern formed of conductive grids on the dielectric layer  110  may reduce a resistance loss through the conductive grids, minimizing a transfer loss of signals flowing in through the feeding portion  101  ( FIG. 5 ). That is, one conductive grid formed in the power feeding pattern may be sized such that a plurality of diamond-shaped conductive grids may be arranged in the power feeding pattern. In case the conductive grids have the same length ‘L’ with respect to the flow of current in a Y direction, if the X-directional width of the conductive grids is increased, relatively more conductive grids may be provided in a length ‘D’ as compared with when the ‘Y’ directional width of the conductive grids is increased. Accordingly, when relatively more conductive grids may be arranged in parallel and in a direction of the signal current, while relatively fewer conductive grids are provided in series, the resistance by the plurality of conductive grids provided in the same length may be decreased. Accordingly, the signal current flowing into the plurality of conductive grids having the same length may be prevented from decreasing. The “more conductive grids are provided in the same length ‘D’” may mean that the resistance in the same length increases. When the resistance increases, the loss of signal current may be increased. Accordingly, when the conductive grids have the same length L and the current flows in the Y direction, the Y-directional width of the conductive grids may be formed to be relatively longer than the X-directional width thereof. Accordingly, when the number of conductive grids in the same length is minimized, the resistance may be lowered, and the signal current flowing in through a transmission line may be prevented from loss in the power feeding pattern. 
     Although relatively more conductive grids are arranged in the power feeding area in a parallel direction, while relatively fewer conductive grids are arranged in a series direction according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. However, this feature is not limited only to the conductive grids formed in the power feeding area. For example, the structure or configuration of the power feeding area or antenna area or the plurality of conductive grids in the power feeding area or antenna area may be implemented as described above. 
     Now described is a configuration for securing antenna radiation efficiency of the display antenna panel  100  partitioned into a transparent area VA and an opaque area BA with reference to  FIGS. 9A to 11 . 
       FIGS. 9A and 9B  are views illustrating an antenna device having an artificial magnetic conductor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9A and 9B , the display antenna panel  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) having a plurality of uniform cells C. 
     On a surface of the dielectric layer  110  there may be implemented an antenna pattern  121  or a power feeding pattern  131  or there may be mounted a wire-type antenna A. When the wire-type antenna A is mounted in the display antenna panel  100 , a radiation efficiency may be interfered by various metals provided in the display device  10  (see  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 13B , FIG.  14 A,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B ). However, the AMC  102  provided on the other surface of the dielectric layer  110  may provide isolation while preventing interference with the touchscreen panel  16  ( FIG. 4 ) and the antenna A provided in the dielectric layer  110 . Further, when the AMC  102  is formed of a plurality of uniform cells C, i.e., in a periodic structure, and thus, the wire-type antenna A is implemented in the transparent area VA, index matching may be secured to deteriorate visibility. That is, when the wire-type antenna A is mounted in the display antenna panel  100 , the wire-type antenna A might not be mounted due to an influence from the touchscreen panel  16  ( FIG. 4 ). However, as the AMC  102  is provided, a separate wire-type antenna A may be mounted on a surface of the dielectric layer  110 . 
       FIG. 10  is a view illustrating an antenna device having a stop band according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 10 , an antenna A to be described below may be provided in the transparent area VA, and a band stop area (BSA) may be formed around the antenna A. The BSA may be formed in an inner side of the cells where a plurality of conductive grids are uniformly formed. The BSA may minimize the surface wave derived from the antenna A and may secure index matching in the transparent area VA other than the antenna A, thus deteriorating visibility. 
       FIG. 11  is a view illustrating a radiation pattern of an antenna device for reducing an electromagnetic wave human absorption rate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 11( a ) , when a broadside antenna is used in the electronic device having the display device  10 , a vertical radiation pattern may be formed, increasing a specific absorption rate (SAR). Accordingly, Referring to  FIG. 11( b )  when the antenna pattern  121  formed in the display antenna panel  100  is designed to be planar and omni-directional, the formation of a vertical radiation pattern may be restricted (See  FIG. 13A ,  FIG. 13B ,  FIG. 14A ,  FIG. 14B ,  FIG. 15A ,  FIG. 15B ,  FIG. 16A  and  FIG. 16B . Thus, the SAR may be reduced while minimizing a variation in antenna capability due to proximity or contact to the display device  10 , data transmission or reception or a call. 
       FIGS. 12A to 12F  are views illustrating various shapes of an antenna area and a power feeding area formed in a dielectric layer of an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIG. 12A , the antenna area  120  and power feeding area  130  formed in the display antenna panel  100  may be provided in a transition form. As the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  are provided in the transition form, the antenna radiation efficiency may become efficient. That is, according to the shape of transition of the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130 , a loss rate may be identified through ‘Loss=1−|S 11 | 2 −|S 21 | 2 ’. A relative conductivity may be identified through the loss rate obtained by the shape of transition of the antenna area and power feeding area. Accordingly, a signal current of at least one or more antennas provided in the display antenna panel  100  may be efficiently implemented (See  FIG. 13A  through  FIG. 19B ). 
     Further, referring to  FIG. 12B , the display antenna panel  100  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented as a hybrid type antenna depending on the type or shape of the antenna pattern  121  and power feeding pattern  131 . Specifically, at least one or more antennas including the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  may be implemented in the dielectric layer  110 . Part of the power feeding area  130  and the antenna area  120  may be provided with a BM (black matrix), and the remainder of the antenna area may be provided with a plurality of conductive grids connected to the BM (black matrix). That is, depending on the transparent area VA or opaque area BA, part of the antenna area  120  may be provided with the BM (black matrix), and the remainder may be provided with the plurality of conductive grids, so that the BM (black matrix) and the plurality of conductive grids may co-exist. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna radiation efficiency of the display antenna panel  100  may be determined depending on the width W of the antenna area  120  formed in the dielectric layer  100 . The antenna radiation efficiency may be increased by allowing the conductive grids and BM (black matrix) to mismatchingly co-exist in at least one or more antennas formed in the display antenna panel  100  corresponding to the transparent area VA and the opaque area BA of the display device  100 . 
     Further, referring to  FIG. 12C , a coupled type antenna may be implemented depending on the connection state of the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  implemented in the display antenna panel  100 . Specifically, at least one or more antennas including the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  may be implemented in the dielectric layer  110 . The power feeding area  130  may be provided in a structure where the power feeding area  130  and the antenna area  120  are subjected to coupling power feeding. That is, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the antenna provided in the display antenna panel  100  may be implemented as a coupled type antenna in the position of the opaque area BA and the transparent area VA. Further, the antenna radiation efficiency may be determined depending on the width direction W of the antenna area  120 . Accordingly, the antenna radiation efficiency may be determined depending on the width W of the antenna area  120 , and the antenna radiation efficiency may be increased by the coupled power feeding structure. 
     Further, referring to  FIG. 12D , an aperture type antenna may be implemented depending on the shape of the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  implemented in the display antenna panel  100 . Specifically, as an antenna structure is implemented in which resonance occurs in the slot, the antenna radiation efficiency may be increased. 
     Further, referring to  FIG. 12E , a parasitic type antenna may be implemented depending on the shape of the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  implemented in the display antenna panel  100 . Specifically, at least one or more antennas including the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  may be implemented in the dielectric layer, and a parasitic patch area ( 120   a ) may be further provided in the antenna area  120 . As such, as the antenna area  120  further includes the parasitic patch area ( 120   a ), the bandwidth may be increased. 
     Further, referring to  FIG. 12F , an end-fire type antenna may be implemented depending on the shape of the antenna area and the power feeding area implemented in the display antenna panel. Specifically, an end-fire beam steering may be provided corresponding to the position of the transparent area VA and opaque area BA of the dielectric layer  110 . Accordingly, as shown in  FIG. 12F , as the antenna area and the power feeding area are implemented in shape as the end-fire type antenna, a next-generation antenna technology such as mmWave may be secured. 
     Hereinafter, various embodiments of a coupling between a power feeding area and an antenna area are described with reference to  FIGS. 13 to 18B . 
     First, referring to  FIGS. 13A to 18B , at least one or more antenna areas  120  may be arranged on a surface of the dielectric layer  110 . The antenna area  120  may include the transparent area VA of the display device  10  or the transparent area VA and an opaque area BA. The antenna area  120  may have an antenna pattern  121  with a plurality of conductive grids to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. 
     The antenna pattern  121  may form a patch structure of radiation patterns depending on the shape of the plurality of conductive grids, and a radiation pattern may be formed having at least one of a slot structure, a loop structure, a monopole structure, and/or a dipole structure. 
     The power feeding area  130  may be positioned adjacent to the antenna area  120  and may be provided in the transparent area VA and/or opaque area BA of the display device  10 . The power feeding area  130  may have a plurality of conductive grids and may provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power feeding area  130  may be provided by a direct power feeding scheme in which the power feeding area  130  is directly connected to the antenna pattern  121  provided in the antenna area  120  to provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121  (refer to  FIG. 13A ). Or, the power feeding area  130  may be provided by an indirect power feeding scheme in which, although the power feeding area  130  is not directly connected with the antenna pattern  121 , the power feeding area  130  provides a signal current to the antenna pattern  121  through electric coupling or magnetic coupling (refer to  FIGS. 16A and 16B ). Further, the power feeding pattern  131  may be provided on the same surface of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna pattern  121  and/or on a different surface from the antenna pattern  121  depending on various mounting environments such as the connection position, status of the feeding portion  101 , structure of the dielectric layer  110 , or the stacking state of the display device  10 . 
       FIG. 13A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other co-planarly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 13B  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other co-planarly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 14A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 14B  is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area directly coupled with each other on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 13A to 14B , the power feeding pattern  131  may be provided as a direct feeding portion that is coupled with the antenna pattern  121  to provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121 . That is, the power feeding pattern  131  may be directly coupled with the antenna pattern  121  to transfer a signal current through the feeding portion  101  to the antenna pattern  121 . As mentioned above, the direct feeding portion may be provided on the same surface as the antenna pattern  121  on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  (refer to  FIGS. 13A and 13B ) and/or on a different surface from the antenna pattern  121  or on the other surface of the dielectric layer  110  (refer to  FIGS. 14A and 14B ) depending on, e.g., the structure of the dielectric layer  110 . 
     For example, when the dielectric layer  110  is provided as a single layer, the direct feeding portion and the antenna pattern  121  may be provided together on one surface of the dielectric layer  110 . By contrast, the antenna pattern  121  may be provided on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  while the direct feeding portion may be provided on the other surface of the dielectric layer  110 . The power feeding pattern  131  may be coupled with the antenna pattern  121  through a via hole passing through the dielectric layer  110  (although not shown, refer to  FIGS. 14A and 14B ). 
     Further, when the dielectric layer  110  has a plurality of layers, the antenna pattern  121  and the direct feeding portion may be provided together on a surface of the stacked dielectric layer  110  (although not shown, refer to  FIGS. 13A and 13B ). In contrast, the antenna pattern  121  may be provided on one surface of the stacked dielectric layer  110  while the direct feeding portion may be provided on the other surface of the dielectric layer  110 . The direct feeding portion may be coupled with the antenna pattern  121  through the via hole  111  formed in the stacked dielectric layer  110  ( FIG. 14B ). 
       FIGS. 15A and 15B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas on a dielectric layer and a power feeding area according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 15A and 15B , at least one or more antenna areas  120  may be provided on the dielectric layer  110 . When a plurality of antenna areas  120  are provided on the dielectric layer  110 , the direct feeding portion may provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121  in a loop type ( FIG. 15A ) and/or in a parallel type ( FIG. 15B ). For example, when four antenna areas  120  are provided on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the power feeding pattern  131  may include a primary feeding line  130   a  and individual feeding lines  130   b.    
     Specifically, referring to  FIG. 15A , the loop-type direct feeding portion may have the primary feeding line  130   a  along the periphery of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna area  120 , specifically, along the periphery of the training area VA and/or opaque area BA, and the individual feeding lines  130   b  connected from the primary feeding line  130   a  to each antenna pattern  121 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array, the primary feeding line  130   a  is provided along the periphery of the transparent area VA. ‘DA’ and ‘DB’ which are distances between the individual feeding lines  130   b  are distances between the neighboring antenna areas  120  spaced apart from each other. The spaced distance, DA, may be ‘λ’, and the spaced distance, DB, may be ‘3λ/2’. Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
     By contrast, referring to  FIG. 15B , the parallel-type direct feeding portion may have a primary feeding line  130   a  in the transparent area VA of the dielectric layer  110 , having the antenna area  120  to pass through between the antenna area  120  and another antenna area  120  adjacent to the antenna area  120 , and individual feeding lines  130   b  connected from the primary feeding line  130   a  to each antenna pattern  121 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array to cross each other, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided to pass through between antenna areas  120  at a side and antenna areas  120  at the other side. The spaced distance, DC, between the individual feeding lines  130   b  may be ‘λ/2’ from an antenna area  120  to another antenna area  120  adjacent to the antenna area  120 . Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
       FIG. 16A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area disconnected from each other on the same plane and coupled with each other through an electric field, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 16B  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area disconnected from each other on the same plane and coupled with each other through a magnetic field, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 16C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an antenna device having an indirect power feeding portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 16A to 16C , unlike the direct feeding portion mentioned above, the power feeding pattern  131  may be provided as an indirect feeding portion that is provided adjacent to the antenna pattern  121  to provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121  through magnetic coupling or electric coupling. Further, the indirect feeding portion may be provided on the same surface as the antenna pattern  121  on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  and/or on a different surface from the antenna pattern  121  on the other surface of the dielectric layer  110  depending on, e.g., the structure of the dielectric layer  110 . 
     As mentioned above, the indirect feeding portion may come in a scheme using electric coupling (referring to an ‘electric field type feeding pattern’) and a scheme using magnetic coupling (referring to a ‘magnetic field type feeding pattern’). 
     When electric coupling is used as shown in  FIG. 16A , a largest electric field may be generated at an end of the indirect feeding portion. Accordingly, the end of the indirect feeding portion may be provided adjacent to the antenna area  120 . The indirect feeding portion, together with the antenna area  120 , may be formed to have a ‘T’ shape. In contrast, as shown in  FIG. 16B , when magnetic coupling is used, a largest electric field may occur at a side surface of the end of the indirect feeding portion. Accordingly, the power feeding pattern  131  may be provided such that the antenna area  120  may be positioned at the side surface of the end of the indirect feeding portion. 
     When the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  are formed on the same plane in the dielectric layer  110  having a single layer or a plurality of stacked layers, the antenna area  120  may be positioned where a largest electric field or magnetic field is created in the indirect feeding portion as described above. Unlike this, as described below, when the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  are positioned on different planes (refer to  FIGS. 19A to 19C ), an opening  113   a  (also denoted a ‘via hole’ in  FIG. 19C ) may be formed at a position where a larger electric field or magnetic field is created in the indirect feeding portion, and a signal may be transferred to the antenna area  120  through electric coupling or magnetic coupling by way of the via hole  113   a.    
       FIGS. 17A and 17B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas and an indirect power feeding portion coupled with the antenna areas through an electric field according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 17A and 17B , at least one or more antenna areas  120  may be provided on the dielectric layer  110 . When a plurality of antenna areas  120  are provided on the dielectric layer  110 , the indirect feeding portion may provide a signal current to the antenna pattern  121  in a loop type and/or in a parallel type. 
     As mentioned above, the indirect feeding portion (hereinafter, referred to as a ‘first indirect feeding portion’) transferring a signal current to the antenna area  120  through electric coupling may be provided to have an individual feeding line  130   b  from the primary feeding line  130   a  to each antenna area  120  to transfer a signal as a largest electric field occurs at the end of the power feeding pattern  131 . 
     Further, when a plurality of antenna areas  120  (specifically, four antenna areas  120 ) are provided on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first indirect feeding portion may include a primary feeding line  130   a  and individual feeding lines  130   b.    
     As shown in  FIG. 17A , the loop-type first indirect feeding portion may have the primary feeding line  130   a  along the periphery of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna area  120 , specifically, along the periphery of the training area VA and/or opaque area BA, and the adjacent individual feeding line  130   b  from the primary feeding line  130   a  to each antenna pattern  121 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided along the periphery of the transparent area VA, and individual feeding lines  130   b  may be provided adjacent to the antenna pattern  121  from the primary feeding line  130   a . Further, the spaced distance between the individual feeding lines  130   b  may be ‘λ’ or ‘3λ/2’ from an individual feeding line  130   b  to its adjacent individual feeding line  130   b . Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
     By contrast, referring to  FIG. 17B , the parallel-type first indirect feeding portion may have a primary feeding line  130   a , in the transparent area VA of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna area  120  to pass through between the antenna area  120  and another antenna area  120  adjacent to the antenna area  120 , and individual feeding lines  130   b  adjacent to each antenna area  120  from the primary feeding line. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array to cross each other, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided to pass through between antenna areas  120  at a side and antenna areas  120  at the other side. The spaced distance between the individual feeding lines  130   b  may be ‘λ/2’ from an antenna area  120  to another antenna area  120  adjacent to the antenna area  120 . Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
       FIGS. 18A and 18B  are views illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas and an indirect power feeding portion coupled with the antenna areas through a magnetic field according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 18A and 18B , there may be provided an indirect feeding portion (hereinafter, referred to as a ‘second indirect feeding portion’) transferring a signal current to the antenna area  120  through magnetic coupling unlike the electric coupling described above. 
     Magnetic coupling creates a largest electric field at a side surface of the end of the power feeding pattern  130   a . Accordingly, the second indirect feeding portion provided by the primary feeding line  130   a  may be disposed neighboring the antenna area  120  to transfer a signal. In other words, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided in a loop type or parallel type adjacent to the antenna area  120  to transfer a signal current. 
     For example, when four antenna areas  120  are provided on one surface of the dielectric layer  110  according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second indirect feeding portion may include the primary feeding line  130   a.    
     As shown in  FIG. 18A , the loop-type second indirect feeding portion may have the primary feeding line  130   a  along the periphery of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna area  120 , specifically along the periphery of the transparent area VA and/or opaque area BA. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided adjacent to a surface of each of the antenna areas  120  along the periphery of the transparent area VA. The spaced distance between the antenna areas  120  along the primary feeding line  130   a  may be ‘λ’ or ‘3λ/2.’ Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
     By contrast, referring to  FIG. 18B , the parallel-type second indirect feeding portion may have a primary feeding line  130   a  in the transparent area VA of the dielectric layer  110  having the antenna area  120  to pass through between the antenna area  120 , and another antenna area  120  adjacent to the antenna area  120 . 
     For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when four antenna areas  120  are provided in a 2×2 array to cross each other, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be provided to pass through between antenna areas  120  at a side and antenna areas  120  at the other side and to be positioned adjacent to a surface of each of the antenna areas  120 . The spaced distance between the antenna areas  120  along the primary feeding line  130   a  may be ‘λ/2.’ Here, ‘λ’ means a resonant frequency of the radiation pattern. 
       FIG. 19A  is a view schematically illustrating an antenna device having an antenna area and a power feeding area as an indirect power feeding portion on different planes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 19B  is a view illustrating an antenna device having a plurality of antenna areas according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.  FIG. 19C  is a cross-sectional view illustrating an antenna device having an indirect power feeding portion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 19A to 19C , when the power feeding area  130  is positioned on a surface different from the antenna area  120 , the indirect feeding portion (including both electric coupling and magnetic coupling) may be provided to overlap the antenna area  120  at the same position. Further, an opening  113   a  (hereinafter, referred to as a ‘via hole’) may be formed in the dielectric layer  110  where a largest electric field or magnetic field is created in the indirect feeding portion. Accordingly, an electric field or magnetic field generated in the indirect feeding portion may allow a signal current to be transferred through the via hole  113   a  to the antenna area  120 . The dielectric layer  110  may have one or more antenna areas  120 . 
     Specifically, the dielectric layers  110  may include a first dielectric layer  111  having at least one or more antenna patterns  121  on a surface thereof and a second dielectric layer  112  formed on the first dielectric layer  111  and having an indirect feeding portion on a surface thereof. Further, a ground layer  113  may be provided between the first dielectric layer  111  and the second dielectric layer  112 . The ground layer  113  may have at least one or more via holes  113   a  at a position where a relatively large electric field or magnetic field is generated in the power feeding pattern  131 . Accordingly, the electric field or magnetic field signal current of the indirect feeding portion may be transferred through the via hole  113   a.    
     For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when one antenna area  120  is provided in one surface of the first dielectric layer  111 , the primary feeding line  130   a  may be formed straight to overlap the position of the antenna area  120 . The via hole  113   a  may be formed at a side of the end of the primary feeding line  130   a  so that a signal current may be transferred to the antenna area  120  through the via hole  113   a.    
     When a plurality of antenna areas  120  are provided in one surface of the first dielectric layer  111 , specifically when four antenna areas  120  are formed, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be formed so that the indirect feeding portion overlaps the position of each antenna area  120 . According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when a 2×2 array of antenna areas  120  are provided, the primary feeding line  130   a  may be formed so that the indirect feeding portion is shaped as the letter “U.” Further, at least four or more via holes  113   a  may be formed at the position where the primary feeding line  130   a  overlaps each antenna area  120 . An electric field or magnetic field generated in the indirect feeding portion may allow a signal current to be transferred through the via hole  113   a  to the antenna area  120  provided at the position overlapping the same. 
     As described above, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as the display antenna panel  100  having a radiation efficiency is stacked on the display device  10 , a plurality of antenna devices  100  may be provided in a limited space, and various shapes of the antenna area  120  and the power feeding area  130  may be provided in the transparent area VA and the opaque area BA of the display device  10 . Further, a plurality of antenna areas  120  may be implemented depending on the shape of the power feeding pattern  131 , increasing the data communication speed or efficiency of the electronic device. Further, the antenna device  100  may be provided on the overall surface of the electronic device, so that omni-directional radiation characteristics may be secured in a frequency bandwidth of a few tens of GHz. 
     While the inventive concept has been shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept as defined by the following claims.