Patent Publication Number: US-2023138980-A1

Title: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty systems and methods

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of International Application Number PCT/US22/48895, filed Nov. 3, 2022, which claims priority to and the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63/275,230, filed on Nov. 3, 2021, which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties. 
    
    
     FIELD OF DISCLOSURE 
     This disclosure relates generally to systems and methods of orthopedic prostheses for use in reconstruction of a human knee joint. More particularly, the disclosure relates to systems and methods for repairing or reconstructing one or more compartments (e.g., the medial, lateral and/or patellofemoral compartments) of a knee joint using one or more implant devices (e.g., prosthesis). 
     BACKGROUND 
     The human knee joint is a complex and important joint, pivotal for normal function and recreational activities in daily life. The native joint maintains 6 degrees of freedom of motion including (1) flexion and extension, (2) internal and external rotation, (3) varus and valgus angulation, (4) anterior and posterior glide, (5) medial and lateral shift, and (6) compression and distraction. Arthritis, bone disease or injury can alter the smooth functioning of the knee joint. As such, various surgical procedures may be undertaken in an attempt to restore smooth functioning of the knee joint. 
     Maintenance of the cruciate ligaments (anterior cruciate ligament [ACL] and posterior cruciate ligament [PCL]) during knee surgery may result in improved post-operative outcomes and patient function. For example, maintaining the cruciate ligaments may improve proprioception of the knee, which directly impacts function. 
     Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is one form of knee surgery that may be performed while keeping the cruciate ligaments intact. UKA involves resurfacing of one individual compartment of the knee affected by arthritis and preserving the unaffected contralateral and patellofemoral compartments. Beneficially, UKA may preserve more natural bone structure than total knee arthroplasty (TKA), preserve the ACL and/or PCL, and/or expedited post-operative recovery. 
     SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE 
     According to an example embodiment, a surgical implant includes a tray extending from a first end to a second end along a first plane, the tray including an upper surface, a lower surface opposite the upper surface, a first edge extending between the first end and the second end and a second edge opposite the first edge and extending between the first end and the second end, a first post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be inserted into a bone portion, the first post including a first opening extending through the first post, a second post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be implanted into the bone portion, the second post including a second opening extending through the second post, and a fastener removably coupled to the first post and the second post, the fastener extending from a first fastener end to a second fastener end through the first opening and the second opening. 
     According to various embodiments, the first opening includes a first set of threads and the second opening includes a second set of threads, and the fastener includes a first threaded portion configured to engage the first set of threads and a second threaded portion configured to engage the second set of threads. According to various embodiments, the first opening includes a third set of threads configured to engage e a component of a surgical jig to couple the first post to the surgical jig. An outer diameter of the first threaded portion may be the same as the outer diameter of the second threaded portion. The first set of threads may be configured to engage the first threaded portion such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the first threaded portion though the first opening when the first threaded portion engages the first set of threads, and engage the second threaded portion such that such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the second threaded portion though the first opening when the second threaded portion engages the first set of threads. The fastener may extend in direction that is parallel to the first plane and forms an angle with the first edge, the angle being between 0 and 90 degrees while inserted into the first opening and the second opening. The angle may be between 5 degrees and 25 degrees. The first post may include a plurality of ridges that extend in the same direction as the first post. The first post and the second post may be angled towards the first edge. The bone portion may include a tibia bone. A spike may extend from the lower surface, the spike including a tip configured to be inserted into the bone portion. The spike may be a first spike of a plurality of spikes extending away from the lower surface. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical implant further includes a fixed articular portion configured to couple with the tray proximate the upper surface, the fixed articular portion including an upper articular surface and a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, a first end of the femoral component is angled towards the first edge of the tray while the femoral component engages the upper articular surface. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is flat. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is parallel to the first plane. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is convex. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical implant includes an insert configured to couple to the tray proximate the upper surface, a mobile articular portion configured to engage an upper surface of the insert such that the mobile articular portion is configured to translate relative to the tray, the mobile articular portion including an upper mobile articular surface, and a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper mobile articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component and relative movement between the mobile articular portion and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, the upper mobile articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the insert is parallel to the first plane while coupled to the tray. According to various embodiments, the first post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the second post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to other embodiments, neither the first post nor the second post include an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the first opening extends through the tray and the first post. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends through the upper surface of the tray, into the first opening, and into the second opening. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends out of the first opening towards the second opening at an angle away from the lower surface of the tray. According to various embodiments, the fastener includes a plurality of serrations proximate the first fastener end, wherein the plurality of serrations are configured to engage the first post proximate the first opening. 
     According to another example embodiment, a surgical implant includes a tray extending from a first end to a second end along a first plane, the tray including an upper surface, a lower surface opposite the upper surface, a first edge extending between the first end and the second end and a second edge opposite the first edge and extending between the first end and the second end, the tray including an first opening extending into the upper surface, a post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be inserted into a bone portion, wherein the post including a second opening extending through the post, and a fastener removably coupled to the post, the fastener extending from a first fastener end to a second fastener end through the first opening and the second opening. 
     According to various embodiments, the first opening includes a first set of threads and the second opening includes a second set of threads, and the fastener includes a first threaded portion configured to engage the first set of threads and a second threaded portion configured to engage the second set of threads. According to various embodiments, the first opening includes a third set of threads configured to engage e a component of a surgical jig to couple the first post to the surgical jig. According to various embodiments, wherein an outer diameter of the first threaded portion is the same as the outer diameter of the second threaded portion. According to various embodiments, the first set of threads is configured to engage the first threaded portion such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the first threaded portion though the first opening when the first threaded portion engages the first set of threads, and engage the second threaded portion such that such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the second threaded portion though the first opening when the second threaded portion engages the first set of threads. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends in direction that is angled relative to the first plane and forms an angle with lower surface, the angle being between 0 and 90 degrees. According to various embodiments, the angle is between 25 degrees and 65 degrees. According to various embodiments, the post includes a plurality of ridges that extend in the same direction as the post. According to various embodiments, the post is angled towards the first edge. According to various embodiments, the bone portion includes a tibia bone. According to various embodiments, g a spike extending from the lower surface, the spike including a tip configured to be inserted into the bone portion. According to various embodiments, the spike is a first spike of a plurality of spikes extending away from the lower surface. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical implant includes a fixed articular portion configured to couple with the tray proximate the upper surface, the fixed articular portion including an upper articular surface, and a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, a first end of the femoral component is angled towards the first edge of the tray while the femoral component engages the upper articular surface. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is flat. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is parallel to the first plane. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is convex. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical implant includes an insert configured to couple to the tray proximate the upper surface, a mobile articular portion configured to engage an upper surface of the insert such that the mobile articular portion is configured to translate relative to the tray, the mobile articular portion including an upper mobile articular surface, and a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper mobile articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component and relative movement between the mobile articular portion and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, the upper mobile articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the insert is parallel to the first plane while coupled to the tray. According to various embodiments, the post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to other embodiments, the post does not include an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the post is integrally formed with the tray. According to various embodiments, the spike is integrally formed with the tray. 
     According to another example embodiment, a surgical kit includes a tray extending from a first end to a second end along a first plane, the tray including an upper surface, a lower surface opposite the upper surface, a first edge extending between the first end and the second end and a second edge opposite the first edge and extending between the first end and the second end, the tray being configured to couple to a tibia, a fixed articular portion configured to couple with the tray proximate the upper surface, the fixed articular portion including an upper articular surface, an insert configured to couple to the tray proximate the upper surface, and a mobile articular portion configured to engage an upper surface of the insert such that the mobile articular portion is configured to translate relative to the tray, the mobile articular portion including an upper mobile articular surface. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical kit includes a first post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be inserted into a bone portion, the first post including a first opening extending through the first post, a second post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be implanted into the bone portion, the second post including a second opening extending through the second post, and a fastener removably coupled to the first post and the second post, the fastener extending from a first fastener end to a second fastener end through the first opening and the second opening. According to various embodiments, the first opening includes a first set of threads and the second opening includes a second set of threads, and the fastener includes a first threaded portion configured to engage the first set of threads and a second threaded portion configured to engage the second set of threads. According to various embodiments, an outer diameter of the first threaded portion is the same as the outer diameter of the second threaded portion. According to various embodiments, the first set of threads is configured to engage the first threaded portion such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the first threaded portion though the first opening when the first threaded portion engages the first set of threads, and engage the second threaded portion such that such that rotation of the fastener causes translation of the second threaded portion though the first opening when the second threaded portion engages the first set of threads. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends in direction that is parallel to the first plane and forms an angle with the first edge, the angle being between 0 and 90 degrees when inserted into the first opening and the second opening. According to various embodiments, the angle is between 5 degrees and 25 degrees. According to various embodiments, the first post includes a plurality of ridges that extend in the same direction as the first post. According to various embodiments, the first post and the second post are angled towards the first edge. According to various embodiments, a spike extends from the lower surface, the spike including a tip configured to be inserted into a bone portion. According to various embodiments, the spike is a first spike of a plurality of spikes extending away from the lower surface. 
     According to various embodiments, a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage an upper articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, a first end of the femoral component is angled towards the first edge of the tray while the femoral component engages the upper articular surface. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is flat. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is parallel to the first plane. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is convex. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical kit includes a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage an upper articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, a first end of the femoral component is angled towards the first edge of the tray while the femoral component engages the upper articular surface. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is flat. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is parallel to the first plane. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is convex. 
     According to various embodiments, the surgical kit includes a femoral component configured to be coupled to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper mobile articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component and relative movement between the mobile articular portion and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, the upper mobile articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the insert is parallel to the first plane while coupled to the tray. According to various embodiments, the first post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the second post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to other embodiments, neither the first post nor the second post include an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the first opening extends through the tray and the first post. 
     According to various embodiments, the fastener extends through the upper surface of the tray, into the first opening, and into the second opening. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends out of the first opening towards the second opening at an angle away from the lower surface of the tray. According to various embodiments, the fastener includes a plurality of serrations proximate the first fastener end, wherein the plurality of serrations are configured to engage the first post proximate the first opening. 
     According to an example embodiment, a method includes creating an first aperture in a bone portion, creating a second aperture in the bone portion, creating a third aperture in the bone portion, the third aperture extending into the second aperture, providing a surgical implant at the bone portion, the surgical implant, including a tray extending from a first end to a second end along a first plane, the tray including an upper surface, a lower surface opposite the upper surface and configured to engage the bone portion, a first edge extending between the first end and the second end and a second edge opposite the first edge and extending between the first end and the second end, a first post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be inserted into the first aperture, the first post including a first opening extending through the first post, a second post coupled to and extending from the tray away from the first plane and configured to be implanted into the second aperture, the second post including a second opening extending through the second post. The method further including inserting a fastener into the third aperture, the fastener extending from a first fastener end to a second fastener end through the first opening and the second opening. 
     According to various embodiments, inserting the fastener into the third aperture involves inserting the fastener until a first threaded portion engages a first set of threads on the first opening, rotating the fastener as the first threaded portion engages the first set of threads such that the fastener translates through the first opening, inserting the fastener until the first threaded portion engages a second set of threads on the second opening, and rotating the fastener as the first threaded portion engages the second set of threads such that the fastener translates into the second opening. According to various embodiments, inserting the fastener into the third aperture further involves rotating the fastener as a second threaded portion engages the first set of threads. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends in direction that is parallel to the first plane and forms an angle with the first edge, the angle being between 0 and 90 degrees when inserted into the first opening and the second opening. According to various embodiments, the angle is between 5 degrees and 25 degrees. According to various embodiments, the first post includes a plurality of ridges that extend in the same direction as the first post. According to various embodiments, the first post and the second post are angled towards the first edge. According to various embodiments, the bone portion includes a tibia bone. 
     According to various embodiments, the method includes inserting a spike into the bone portion, the spike extending from the lower surface. According to various embodiments, the spike is a first spike of a plurality of spikes extending away from the lower surface. 
     According to various embodiments, the bone portion includes a tibia bone and the method further includes coupling a fixed articular portion to the tray proximate the upper surface, the fixed articular portion including an upper articular surface, and coupling a femoral component to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, a first end of the femoral component is angled towards the first edge of the tray while the femoral component engages the upper articular surface. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is flat. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is parallel to the first plane. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the upper articular surface is convex. 
     According to various embodiments, the bone portion includes a tibia bone and the method further includes coupling an insert to the tray proximate the upper surface, engaging a mobile articular portion with an upper surface of the insert such that the mobile articular portion is configured to translate relative to the tray, the mobile articular portion including an upper mobile articular surface, and coupling a femoral component to a femur bone, the femoral component including a curved surface configured to engage the upper mobile articular surface to enable relative movement between the tray and the femoral component and relative movement between the mobile articular portion and the femoral component. According to various embodiments, the upper mobile articular surface is concave. According to various embodiments, the insert is parallel to the first plane while coupled to the tray. According to various embodiments, the first post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the second post includes an osteoinductive portion. According to other embodiments, neither the first post nor the second post include an osteoinductive portion. According to various embodiments, the first opening extends through the tray and the first post. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends through the upper surface of the tray, into the first opening, and into the second opening. According to various embodiments, the fastener extends out of the first opening towards the second opening at an angle away from the lower surface of the tray. According to various embodiments, the fastener includes a plurality of serrations proximate the first fastener end, wherein the plurality of serrations are configured to engage the first post proximate the first opening. 
     According to another example embodiment, a surgical jig includes a first support extending along a first axis, a second support coupled to the first support and configured to selectively translate in a first direction parallel to the first axis, an adjustment bar coupled to an end of the second support and configured to selectively translate along a second axis that is perpendicular to the first axis, a first cutting block coupled to the adjustment bar via a first angular adjustment mechanism and a second angular adjustment mechanism, the first angular adjustment mechanism configured to rotatably modify the first cutting block relative to the adjustment bar along a third axis that is parallel with the second axis and the second angular adjustment mechanism configured to rotatably modify the first cutting block relative to the adjustment bar along a fourth axis that is perpendicular to the third axis, the first cutting block including a first plurality of openings extending through a body of the first cutting block, a second cutting block adjustably coupled to the first cutting block along such that a distance along a fifth axis between an upper surface of the first cutting block and a lower surface of the second cutting block can be selectively adjusted, a third cutting block adjustably coupled to the second cutting block the along a sixth axis that is perpendicular to the fifth axis, the third cutting block including an opening extending through the third cutting block, and a bar coupled to the third cutting block and extending in a direction perpendicular to the sixth axis, the bar including an end portion configured to engage a bone portion. 
     According to various embodiments, the second support is configured to translate within an opening of the second support. According to various embodiments, the first plurality of openings includes a first opening that extends in a direction parallel to the fourth axis. According to various embodiments, the first plurality of openings further includes a second opening that extends in an angled direction relative to the first opening. According to various embodiments, the first plurality of openings further includes a third opening, the second opening and the third opening being angled towards one another. According to various embodiments, the second cutting block adjustably coupled to the first cutting block such that the distance between the upper surface of the first cutting block and the lower surface of the second cutting block can be selectively adjusted between a fixed number of positions. According to various embodiments, the third cutting block is adjustably coupled to a second cutting block in a fixed number of positions. According to various embodiments, the third cutting block includes a slot configured to receive a plate coupled to the bar. 
     According to another example embodiments, a surgical jig for preparing a portion of a femur includes a body portion including an outer surface an inner surface opposite the outer surface configured to interface with the portion of the femur, an aperture extending through the body portion and configured to receive a drill, a first slot extending into the outer surface and terminating at a ledge, and a second slot extending from the ledge through the inner surface of the body portion and a screw comprising a head configured to be received within the first slot and a threaded portion configured to be received within the second slot such that the head can translate within the first slot, wherein the second slot prevents the head from extending past the inner surface. 
     According to various embodiments, a third slot extending through the body portion in a direction perpendicular to the first slot. According to various embodiments, the aperture is a first aperture and the body portion further includes a second aperture extending though the body portion in a direction parallel to the first aperture. According to various embodiments, a portion of the third slot intersects the aperture. 
     According another example embodiment, a surgical jig for preparing a portion of a femur includes a baseplate extending in a first direction and having an upper surface and a lower surface that is parallel to the upper surface, the baseplate including a first spacer coupled to the upper surface of the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, a second spacer coupled to the lower surface of the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, and a cutting block coupled to the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, the baseplate extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the cutting block including a plurality of openings extending though the cutting block in the first direction. 
     According to various embodiments, an upper surface of the first spacer is parallel to the upper surface of the baseplate. According to various embodiments, a lower surface of the second spacer is parallel to the lower surface of the baseplate. 
     According to another example embodiment, a surgical jig for preparing a portion of a femur includes a baseplate extending in a first direction and having an upper surface and a lower surface that is parallel to the upper surface, the baseplate including a first spacer coupled to the upper surface of the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, a second spacer coupled to the lower surface of the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, and a cutting block coupled to the baseplate and configured to translate in the first direction relative to the baseplate, the baseplate extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the cutting block including a plurality of screw apertures configured to individually receive a plurality of screws and a first drill aperture extending though the cutting block along a first axis, and a second drill aperture extending through the cutting block along a second axis parallel to the first axis. 
     According to various embodiments, the first axis forms an angle with the upper surface, the angle being between 15 degrees and 60 degrees. According to various embodiments, an upper surface of the first spacer is parallel to the upper surface of the baseplate. According to various embodiments, a lower surface of the second spacer is parallel to the lower surface of the baseplate. 
     According to various embodiments, one or more of the surgical implants described herein are utilized during a cementless UKA. For example, one or more of the trays described herein may be implanted into a desired location in a tibia bone. As is discussed further herein, the surficial implants described herein may offer stability, reliability, and enable the patient to achieve long-term biologic osseous ingrowth. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixation system used to secure the surgical implant into a desired location limits motion (e.g., micro motions) of the surgical implant for a sufficient period of time such that biological ingrowth of the implant may occur. For example, one or more posts may extend from a tray and a fastener may be inserted through an opening in each of the posts. The fastener may be inserted through a portion of the tibia such that the fastener engages the posts and the tibia to secure the implant in a desired location. The fastener may include one or more sets of threads (e.g., locking threads) that coupled the fastener to the one or more posts. According to various embodiments, the locking screw trajectory is divergent from a center axis such that the locking screw compresses the tray to the tibia bone during screw implantation. 
     According to various embodiments, the tray (e.g., a baseplate) of the implant may be configured to accept both a fixed articular portion (e.g., a fixed bearing portion) and a mobile articular portion (e.g., a mobile bearing portion) such that the tray can be used with either type of articular portion. In this sense, a surgeon may use either a fixed articular portion (e.g., a fixed bearing portion) or a mobile articular portion (e.g., a mobile bearing portion) in conjunction with the tray. According to various embodiments, the mobile bearing UKA uses a highly polished metal insert that locks into the tray, thereby permitting the mobile articular portion to articulate and move relative to the tray. According to other embodiments, the insert may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. In the same tray, a fixed bearing polyethylene insert may be coupled to the tray. This permits the surgeon to have the option of treating each patient with either a mobile or fixed bearing baseplate. Further, a patient&#39;s UKA may be converted from a mobile bearing to a fixed bearing, or vice versa, without the need to change the tray. 
     In order to facilitate an understanding of the disclosure, the preferred embodiments of the disclosure are illustrated in the drawings, and a detailed description thereof follows. It is not intended, however, that the disclosure be limited to the particular embodiments described or to use in connection with the apparatus illustrated herein. Various modifications and alternative embodiments such as would ordinarily occur to one skilled in the art to which the disclosure relates are also contemplated and included within the scope of the disclosure described and claimed herein. 
     Numerous specific details are provided to impart a thorough understanding of embodiments of the subject matter of the present disclosure. The described features of the subject matter of the present disclosure may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments and/or implementations. In this regard, one or more features of an aspect of the disclosure may be combined with one or more features of a different aspect of the disclosure. Moreover, additional features may be recognized in certain embodiments and/or implementations that may not be present in all embodiments or implementations. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The details of one or more implementations are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, aspects, and advantages of the disclosure will become apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims, in which: 
         FIG.  1    is an illustration of an anterior/medial view of the bones of a human knee joint, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  2    is an illustration of an anterior/medial view of an implant inserted into a human knee joint, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  3    is an illustration of an anterior/medial view of an implant inserted into a human knee joint, according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  4    is an illustration of an anterior/medial view of an implant inserted into a human knee joint, according to another example embodiment. 
         FIG.  5    is a front perspective view of a first articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  6    is a rear perspective view of the first articular component of  FIG.  5   . 
         FIG.  7    is a front perspective view of a second articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  8    is a rear perspective view of the second articular component of  FIG.  7   . 
         FIG.  9    is a front perspective view of an insert and a third articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  10    is a rear perspective view of the insert and the third articular component of  FIG.  9   . 
         FIG.  11    is a side view of a modular implant assembly, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  12    is a cross section view of a surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  13    is a front perspective view of a tibial tray, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  14    is a rear perspective view of the tibial tray of  FIG.  13   . 
         FIG.  15    is an inferior perspective view of the tibial tray of  FIG.  13   . 
         FIG.  16    is a front perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  17    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  16   . 
         FIG.  18    is a front perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  19    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  18   . 
         FIG.  20    is a front perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  21    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  20   . 
         FIG.  22    is an anterior/medial view of another surgical implant implanted in a human knee joint, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  23    is an anterior/medial view of another surgical implant implanted in a human knee joint, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  24    is an anterior/medial view of another surgical implant implanted in a human knee joint, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  25    is a side view of a modular implant assembly, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  26    is a cross sectional section view of a surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  27    is a front perspective view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  26   . 
         FIG.  28    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  27   . 
         FIG.  29    is front perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  30    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  29   . 
         FIG.  31    is front perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  32    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  31   . 
         FIG.  33    is a perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  34    is another perspective view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  33   . 
         FIG.  35    is a front view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  33   . 
         FIG.  36    is a rear view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  33   . 
         FIG.  37    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  33   . 
         FIG.  38    is another exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  33   . 
         FIG.  39    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  40    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  39   . 
         FIG.  41    is a perspective view of another surgical implant, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  42    is another perspective view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  41   . 
         FIG.  43    is a rear view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  43   . 
         FIG.  44    is a front view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  43   . 
         FIG.  45    is an exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  43   . 
         FIG.  46    is another exploded view of the surgical implant of  FIG.  43   . 
         FIG.  47    is a perspective view of a mobile articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  48    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  47   . 
         FIG.  49    is a perspective view of an insert, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  50    is another perspective view of the insert of  FIG.  49   . 
         FIG.  51    is a perspective view of a tray, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  52    is a top view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  53    is another perspective view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  54    is another perspective view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  55    is a side view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  56    is a front view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  57    is a bottom view of the tray of  FIG.  51   . 
         FIG.  58    is a bottom view of the tray of  FIG.  51    and a fastener coupled to the tray, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  59    is a perspective view of a peg, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  60    is another perspective view of the fastener of  FIG.  59   . 
         FIG.  61    is a perspective view of a surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  62    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  63    is a partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  64    is another partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  65    is another partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  66    is another partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  67    is another partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  68    is another partial perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  61   . 
         FIG.  69    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  70    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  69   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  71    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  72    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  71   . 
         FIG.  73    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  71   . 
         FIG.  74    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  71   . 
         FIG.  75    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  76    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  75   . 
         FIG.  77    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  75   . 
         FIG.  78    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  75   . 
         FIG.  79    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  80    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  79   . 
         FIG.  81    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  79   . 
         FIG.  82    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  79   . 
         FIG.  83    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  84    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  83   . 
         FIG.  85    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  83   . 
         FIG.  86    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  83   . 
         FIG.  87    is a perspective view of a gap gauge, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  88    is a partial perspective view of the gap gauge of  FIG.  87   . 
         FIG.  89    is a perspective view of a rasp assembly, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  90    is another perspective view of the rasp assembly of  FIG.  89   . 
         FIG.  91    is a perspective view of a rasp of the rasp assembly of  FIG.  89   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  92    is a perspective view of a rasp of the rasp assembly of  FIG.  89   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  93    is a perspective view of an impactor device, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  94    is another perspective view of the impactor device of  FIG.  93   . 
         FIG.  95    is a perspective view of a T-ruler, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  96    is a perspective view of a gap stick, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  97    is a perspective view of a grasping device, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  98    is another perspective view of the grasping device of  FIG.  97   . 
         FIG.  99    is a perspective view of another surgical jig, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  100    is another perspective view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  99   . 
         FIG.  101    is a side view of the surgical jig of  FIG.  99   . 
         FIG.  102    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  103    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  102   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  104    is a side view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  102   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  105    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  106    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  105   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  107    is a front view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  105   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  108    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  109    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  108   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  110    is a side view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  108   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  108    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  109    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  108   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  110    is a side view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  108   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  111    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  112    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  111   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  113    is a side view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  111   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  114    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  115    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  114   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  116    is a front view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  114   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  117    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  118    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  117   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  119    is a front view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  114   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  120    is a perspective view of a fixed articular component, according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  121    is another perspective view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  117   , according to an example embodiment. 
         FIG.  122    is a front view of the fixed articular component of  FIG.  114   , according to an example embodiment. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Before turning to the figures, which illustrate certain exemplary embodiments in detail, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the details or methodology set forth in the description or illustrated in the figures. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of description only and should not be regarded as limiting. 
     The use of “e.g.” “etc.,” “for instance,” “in example,” and “or” and grammatically related terms indicates non-exclusive alternatives without limitation, unless otherwise noted. The use of “optionally” and grammatically related terms means that the subsequently described element, event, feature, or circumstance may or may not be present/occur, and that the description includes instances where said element, event, feature, or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not. The use of “attached” and “coupled” and grammatically related terms refers to the fixed, releasable, or integrated association of two or more elements and/or devices with or without one or more other elements in between. Thus, the term “attached” or “coupled” and grammatically related terms include releasably attaching or fixedly attaching two or more elements and/or devices in the presence or absence of one or more other elements in between. As used herein, the terms “proximal” and “distal” are used to describe opposing axial ends of the particular elements or features being described in relation to anatomical placement. 
     While the systems, methods, and components described with reference to systems and methods for knee prostheses, the systems, methods, and components described and illustrated herein can be used to treat any suitable ailment or joint within the body of an animal, including, but not limited to, humans. Skilled artisans will be able to select a suitable ailment and/or joint within the body of an animal to utilize a system and/or method described herein according to a particular embodiment based on various considerations, including the type of ailment and/or the structural arrangement at a treatment site. Example joints considered suitable to utilize a system, method, and/or component described herein include, but are not limited to, the shoulder joint, the elbow joint, the knee joint, the hip joint, and the ankle joint. 
       FIG.  1    is an anterior view of the bones of a normal human knee joint. As shown therein, the knee  100  includes the femur  102  with the medial condyle  104  of the distal end of the femur, the patella  106 , and the tibia  108  with the medial tibial plateau  110  of the proximal tibia. The knee is held in place by passive suspension with the aid of the anterior cruciate, posterior cruciate, medial collateral, and lateral collateral ligaments (not shown), by active suspension in which the knee muscles, including the quadriceps and hamstring help to balance the knee, and is separated by articular cartilage on the distal end of the femur and the meniscus on the proximal end of the tibia. 
     Arthritis, bone disease or injury can alter the smooth functioning of the knee joint. In primary unicompartmental knee repair, the medial femoral condyle is typically removed, and a prosthetic component is implanted in its place, and the medial tibial plateau is typically removed, and a prosthetic tray and articular surface is implanted in its place. Unicompartmental knee repair may preserve more naturally occurring knee tissue and normal knee kinematics (e.g., as compared to a total knee replacement) by retaining the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament and other compartments of the joint. 
       FIGS.  2 - 32    illustrate components for use in a knee joint repair or reconstruction according to the disclosure so that the knee joint may be stabilized in such a way that normal joint functions can be maintained. 
     A first embodiment of the disclosure is shown in  FIGS.  2 - 4    with optional articular components and illustrated in a knee joint. As shown therein, a femoral component  112  attached to the distal end of femur  102 , and the first embodiment shown with the optional articular components  114 ,  118 , and  120 . This first embodiment has a screw that attaches through a hole  116  on the anterior tibia. 
     In the articular component  122  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  5  and  6   , the superior portion  124 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), is shown as flat and fits into tibial tray (not shown) with geometry  126  and can be of thickness  130  with a distance Hi. Articular component  122  can attach to tibial tray anteriorly via a snap feature  128  and posteriorly via a tab  132 , although other methods of attachment are possible. 
     In the articular component  134  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  7  and  8   , the superior portion  136 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), is shown as concave and fits into tibial tray (not shown) with geometry  138  and can be of variable thickness  140 . Articular component  134  can attach to tibial tray anteriorly via a snap feature  142  and posteriorly via a tab  144 , although other methods of attachment are possible. 
     In the articular assembly  146  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  9  and  10   , the articular component  148 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), has a superior concave surface  150 . Bearing component  152  has a superior flat surface  154  which articulates with the flat bottom  156  of articular component  148  and fits into tibial tray (not shown) with geometry  158  and can be of thickness  160  with a distance H 2 . Bearing component  152  can attach to tibial tray (not shown) anteriorly via a snap feature  162  and posteriorly via a tab  164 , although other methods of attachment are possible. 
       FIG.  11    illustrates how tibial tray  166  can have various different articular/bearing components, including  122 ,  134 ,  148 , and  152 . Tibial tray  166  is illustrated with a fastener  168  arranged preferentially parallel to tibial tray fixation surface  170  creating a modular keel arrangement. 
       FIG.  12    is a section view of tibial tray  166  and fastener  168 . Tibial tray  166  has slots  172  anteriorly and  174  posteriorly for attachment to articular/bearing components  122 ,  134 , and  152 , a lateral keel  176 , peripheral fixation pegs  178  that may be of different lengths than central fixation pegs  180  and  182 , and peripheral fixation pegs  178  and central fixation pegs  180  and  182  can be preferentially angled at a degrees. Central fixation peg  180  has a threaded cavity  184  and central fixation peg  182  has a threaded or non-threaded cavity  186 , each cavity accepting a fastener  168 . Fastener  168  has a proximal end  188  with geometry  190  for a screwdriver, a threaded section  192 , and a threaded or smooth distal section  194 . Fastener  168  is preferentially directed parallel ( 3  to fixation surface  170 . 
       FIG.  13    is a front perspective view of the tibial tray  166 . Tibial tray  166  has internal geometry  196  to accept various iterations articular/bearing components, slots  172  anteriorly and  174  posteriorly for attachment to articular/bearing components, a lateral keel  176 , peripheral fixation pegs  178  that may be of different lengths than central fixation pegs  180  and  182 . Tibial tray  166  is filleted along inferior/lateral edge  198  to help in relieving stress risers on the cut bone surface. Central fixation peg  180  has a threaded cavity  184  and central fixation peg  182  has a threaded or non-threaded cavity  186 . 
       FIG.  14    is a rear perspective view of the tibial tray  166 . Tibial tray  166  has internal geometry  196  to accept various iterations and geometries of articular/bearing components (not shown), slots  172  anteriorly and  174  posteriorly for attachment to articular/bearing components, a lateral keel  176 , peripheral fixation pegs  178  that may be of different lengths than central fixation pegs  180  and  182 , and side geometry to more closely match the shape of the cut tibial plateau. Tibial tray  166  is filleted along inferior/lateral edge  198  to help in relieving stress risers on the cut bone surface. Central fixation peg  180  has a threaded cavity  184  and central fixation peg  182  has a threaded or non-threaded cavity  186 . 
       FIG.  15    is an inferior perspective view of the tibial tray  166 . Tibial tray  166  has peripheral fixation pegs  178  that can be smooth or have 1 groove or 1+N grooves  200  circumferentially along peg, and can be of different lengths than central fixation pegs  180  and  182  that can be smooth or have 1 groove or 1+N grooves  202  circumferentially along peg, and side geometry to more closely match the shape of the cut tibial plateau. Tibial tray  166  is filleted along inferior/lateral edge  198  to help in relieving stress risers on the cut bone surface. Central fixation peg  180  has a threaded cavity  184  and central fixation peg  182  has a threaded or non-threaded cavity  186 . The underside of tibial tray  204  can be smooth of have an irregular surface to aid in bone ingrowth into surface for added fixation. 
     In the articular assembly  114  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  16  and  17    is composed of an articular component  122 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a tibial tray  166  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  168  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     In the articular assembly  118  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  18  and  19    is composed of an articular component  134 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a tibial tray  166  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  168  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     In the articular assembly  120  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  20  and  21    is composed of an articular component  148 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a bearing component  152  that attaches to tibial tray, a tibial tray  166  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  168  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     A second embodiment of the disclosure is shown in  FIGS.  22 - 24    with optional articular components and illustrated in a knee joint, including the femur  102 , the patella  106 , and the tibia  108 . As shown therein, a femoral component  112  attached to the distal end of femur, and the second embodiment shown with the optional articular components  206 ,  208 , and  210 . This second embodiment has a screw that attaches superiorly at an angle through the tibial component. 
       FIG.  25    illustrates how tibial tray  212  can have various different articular/bearing components, including  122 ,  134 ,  148 , and  152 . Tibial tray  212  is illustrated with a fastener  214  arranged at an angle to tibial tray fixation surface  216 . 
       FIG.  26    is a section view of tibial tray  212  and fastener  214 . Tibial tray  212  has slots  218  anteriorly and  220  posteriorly for attachment to articular/bearing components  122 ,  134 , and  152 , a lateral keel  222 , peripheral fixation pegs  224  that may be of different lengths than central fixation pegs  226  and  228 , and peripheral fixation pegs  224  and central fixation pegs  226  and  228  can be preferentially angled at λ degrees. Central fixation peg  226  has a cavity with a threaded area  230  and a non-threaded area  232 , and central fixation peg  228  has a threaded or non-threaded cavity  234 , each cavity accepting a fastener  214 . Fastener  214  has a proximal end with geometry  236  for a screwdriver, a threaded section  238 , and a threaded or smooth distal section  240 . Fastener  214  is preferentially directed at an angle  0  to fixation surface  216 . 
     In the articular assembly  206  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  27  and  28    is composed of an articular component  122 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a tibial tray  212  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  214  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     In the articular assembly  208  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  29  and  30    is composed of an articular component  134 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a tibial tray  212  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  214  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     In the articular assembly  210  of the disclosure illustrated in  FIGS.  31  and  32    is composed of an articular component  148 , which articulates with a femoral component (not shown), a bearing component  152  that attaches to tibial tray, a tibial tray  212  that is fixed to the tibia, and a fastener  214  that aids in compressing tibial tray to tibia. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  33 - 38   , a surgical implant  300  is shown according to an example embodiment. The surgical implant  300  may be implanted into a knee as a part of UKA surgery. For example, the surgical implant  300  may be utilized during a fixed bearing UKA surgery. It should be appreciated that the surgical implant  300  may share one or more features of any of the other devices and/or components described herein. 
     As shown, the surgical implant  300  includes a tray  350 . The tray  350  extends from a first end  352  to a second end  354  along a first plane. The tray further includes an upper surface  374  and a lower surface  372  opposite the upper surface  374 . The tray  350  further includes a first edge  356  extending between the first end  352  and the second end  354  and a second edge  358  opposite the first edge  356  and extending between the first end  352  and the second end  354 . As shown, the first edge  356  is generally linear while the second edge  358  is generally curved. The tray  350  further includes a projection  376  extending away from the upper surface  374 . According to various embodiments, the projection  376  extends perpendicular to the upper surface  374 . 
     They tray  350  may be configured couple to a bone portion, such as a tibia bone, that has been prepared for the tray  350 . For example, a first aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the first aperture is configured to receive a first post  310  (e.g., a peg, a central fixation peg, etc.) that extends from a lower surface  372  of the tray  350 . Further, a second aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the second aperture is configured to receive a second post  320  (e.g., a peg, a central fixation peg, etc.) that extends from the lower surface  372  of the tray. Furthermore, a third aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the third aperture extends into the first aperture and the second aperture such that a fastener  600  can be inserted into the third aperture, wherein a first portion (e.g., a first threaded portion  610  shown in  FIGS.  37  and  38   ) of the fastener  600  is received within a first opening  312  in the first post  310  and a second portion (e.g., a second threaded portion  620  shown in  FIGS.  37  and  38   ) of the fastener  600  is received within a second opening  322  in the second post  320 . According to various embodiments, the combination of the first post  310 , the second post  320 , and the fastener  600  may operate to secure the tray  350  without the use of cement, which may facilitate patient recovery, as is discussed further throughout. 
     Further, the surgical implant  300  may include a plurality of spikes  330  (e.g., pegs, fixation pegs, etc.) that extend from a lower surface  372  of the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, each of the spikes  330  includes a tip that is configured to be inserted into the bone portion. According to various embodiments, each of the spikes  330  is configured to be implanted into the bone portion without the need to create an aperture prior to implanting the spikes  330 . 
     It should be appreciated that at least a portion of the first post  310 , the second post  320 , and each of the spikes  330  may include a osteoinductive portion (e.g., a porous portion that promotes ingrowth of bone into the first post  310  and the second post  320 ) to further secure the tray  350  to the bone portion throughout the bone healing process. For example, the entire first post  310 , the entire second post  320 , and each of the spikes  330  may be formed of an osteoinductive material. Further, as is discussed further herein, the first post  310  includes a plurality of ridges  314  (see  FIG.  51   ) and the second post  320  includes a plurality of ridges  324  (see  FIG.  51   ), which may provide additional stability of the tray  350  and promote ingrowth of bone into the first post  310  and the second post  320 . However, according to other embodiments, the first post  310 , the second post  320 , and/or the spikes  330  do not include an osteoinductive portion, which result in a tray  350  that is easier to remove from the bone portion after surgery. 
     As shown, the tray supports a fixed articular component  400 . For example, the fixed articular component  400  may be coupled to the tray  350  such that the position of the fixed articular component  400  is fixed relative to the tray  350 . For example, as shown in  FIG.  37   , the tray  350  may include a cavity  366  that is configured to receive a portion of the fixed articular component  400 . 
     The surgical implant further includes a femoral component  500  configured to interface with the fixed articular component  400  to enable relative movement between the femoral component  500  and the tray  350 . For example, the femoral component  500  may include a first post  510  configured to be inserted into a first aperture created in a femur and a second post  520  configured to be inserted into a second aperture created in the femur to secure the femoral component  500  to the femur. 
     For example, the femoral component  500  may include an interior surface  504  and an exterior surface  502  opposite the interior surface  504 . As shown, the exterior surface  502  is configured to interface with an upper surface  402  (see  FIG.  39   ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component  500  and the fixed articular component  400 , which may be fixed relative to the tray  350 . As shown best in  FIG.  38   , the exterior surface  502  of the femoral component is rounded and defines a variable radius curve. According to various embodiments, the variable radius curve may of the exterior surface  502  may interface with the upper surface  402  of the fixed articular component  400  to imitate the natural motion of a healthy knee. 
     As best shown in  FIGS.  35  and  36   , the femoral component  500  extends away from the tray  350  at an angle  501  (e.g., towards the first edge  356 ) while the femoral component  500  engages the articular component  400 . According to various embodiments, the angle  501  that the femoral component  500  extends along may more closely imitate the natural motion of a healthy knee, as compared to a similar femoral component that extends vertically (e.g., in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface  374  of the tray  350 ). 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  39  and  40   , the fixed articular component  400  is shown, according to an example embodiment. As shown, the fixed articular component  400  includes an upper surface  402  and a lower surface  404 . The lower surface  404  is defined by a by a projection extending away from the upper surface  402 . According to various embodiments, the projection is configured to be received within the cavity  366  (see  FIG.  37   ) of the tray  350 . Additionally, the fixed articular component  400  includes a first tab  410  and a second tab  420  extending away from the upper surface  402 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  410  is configured to be received within a slot  362  (see  FIG.  52   ) in the tray  350  to securely couple the fixed articular component  400  to the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the second tab  420  may interface with an edge of the cavity  366  (e.g., proximate the second end  354 ) such that the second tab  420  is compressed against the edge of the cavity  366 , which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray  350 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  41 - 46   , a surgical implant  900  is shown according to an example embodiment. The surgical implant  900  may be implanted into a knee as a part of UKA surgery. For example, the surgical implant  900  may be utilized during a mobile bearing UKA surgery. 
     It should be appreciated that the surgical implant  900  may share one or more features of any of the other devices and/or components described herein. For example, the surgical implant  900  may utilize the tray  350 , which is also configured to be used in a fixed bearing UKA, such as the surgical implant  300  described above. In this sense, the tray  350  (e.g., a baseplate) of the implant may be configured to accept both a fixed articular portion (e.g., a fixed bearing portion) and a mobile articular portion (e.g., a mobile bearing portion) such that the tray  350  can be used with either type of articular portion. In this sense, a surgeon may use either a fixed articular portion (e.g., a fixed bearing portion) or a mobile articular portion (e.g., a mobile bearing portion) in conjunction with the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the tray  350  may be provided as a part of a kit including the components of the surgical implant  300  and the components of the surgical implant  900  such that a single kit can be for both a fixed bearing UKA and a mobile bearing UKA. According to various embodiments, a surgeon may determine which type of UKA to perform after surgery has started. Therefore, providing the tray  350 , which can be used for both fixed bearing UKA and a mobile bearing UKA may be advantageous. Further, according to various a patient may convert from a fixed bearing UKA to a mobile bearing UKA, or vice versa. In this example embodiment, the femoral component and the articular portion may be exchanged without the need to replace the tray  350 , thereby simplifying the surgery. 
     As shown, the femoral component  800  configured to interface with a mobile articular component  704  to enable relative movement between the femoral component  800  and the tray  350 . For example, the femoral component  800  may include a first post  810  configured to be inserted into a first aperture created in a femur and a second post  820  configured to be inserted into a second aperture created in the femur to secure the femoral component  800  to the femur. 
     As shown, the femoral component  800  includes an inner surface  804  and an outer surface  802  opposite the inner surface  804 . As shown, the outer surface  802  is configured to interface with an upper surface  740  (see  FIG.  47   ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component  800  and the mobile articular component  704 . According to various embodiments, the mobile articular component  704  is configured to translate along an insert  702  relative to the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the outer surface  802  defines a uniform radius curve. The uniform radius curve of the outer surface  802 , in conjunction with the mobile articular component  704  that is configured to translate along the insert  702  relative to the tray  350 , may imitate the natural motion of a healthy knee. 
     Referring to  FIGS.  47  and  48   , the mobile articular component  704  is shown according to an example embodiment. The mobile articular component  704  is configured to interface with the outer surface  802  of the femoral component  800  to enable bending of the knee. For example, the outer surface  802  of the femoral component  800  may interface with a concave upper surface  740  of the mobile articular component  704  to enable relative movement between the femoral component  800  and the mobile articular component  704 . As is discussed further below with respect to  FIGS.  47  and  48   , a lower surface  742  of the mobile articular component  704  may interface with and upper surface  720  of the insert  702  to enable movement of the mobile articular component  704  relative to the insert  702  and the tray  350 . It should be appreciated that the mobile articular component  704  (e.g., a mobile bearing) may share one or more characteristics with any of the other articular components described herein. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  49  and  50   , an insert  702  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The insert  702  is configured to couple to the tray  350  to support a bottom surface  742  of the mobile articular component  704 . For example, the insert  702  may include a tapered edge configured to couple the insert  702  to the tray  350 . As shown, the insert  702  includes a top surface  720  and a bottom surface  722 . The bottom surface  722  extends away from a tray interface surface  724  such that the bottom surface  722  is configured to be received within the cavity  366  (see  FIG.  52   ) of the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the upper surface  720  includes a highly polished metal surface is configured to allow the mobile articular component  704  to translate along the upper surface  720  of the insert  702 . According to other embodiments, the upper surface  720  may include ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  51 - 58   , the tray  350  is shown in greater detail, according to an example embodiment. They tray  350  may be configured couple to a bone portion, such as a tibia bone, that has been prepared for the tray  350 . For example, a first aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the first aperture is configured to receive a first post  310  that extends from a lower surface  372  of the tray  350 . Further, a second aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the second aperture is configured to receive a second post  320  that extends from the lower surface  372  of the tray. Furthermore, a third aperture may be created in the bone portion, wherein the third aperture extends into the first aperture and the second aperture such that a fastener  600  (see  FIG.  58   ) can be inserted into the third aperture, wherein a first portion (e.g., a first threaded portion  610  shown in  FIGS.  59  and  60   ) of the fastener  600  is received within a first opening  312  in the first post  310  and a second portion (e.g., a second threaded portion  620  shown in  FIGS.  59  and  60   ) of the fastener  600  is received within a second opening  322  in the second post  320 . According to various embodiments, the combination of the first post  310 , the second post  320 , and the fastener  600  may operate to secure the tray  350  without the use of cement, which may facilitate patient recovery, as is discussed further throughout. It should be appreciated that the tray  350  may share one or more characteristics as any of the other tray or baseplate components described herein (e.g., the tibial tray  166 , the tibial tray  212 , etc.). 
     The tray  350  extends from a first end  352  to a second end  354  along a first plane. The tray further includes an upper surface  374  and a lower surface  372  opposite the upper surface  374 . The tray  350  further includes a first edge  356  extending between the first end  352  and the second end  354  and a second edge  358  opposite the first edge  356  and extending between the first end  352  and the second end  354 . As shown, the first edge  356  is generally linear while the second edge  358  is generally curved. 
     As discussed above, the tray  350  is configured to couple with a fixed articular component  400  and an insert  702 . For example, a projection of the fixed articular component  400  or a projection of the insert  702  may be received within the cavity  366 . They tray further includes a slot  362  proximate the first end  352  of the tray  350 . The slot  362  may be configured to receive the first tab  410  of the fixed articular component  400  to secure the fixed articular component  400  to the tray  350 . According to example embodiments, the first tab  410  may be depressed via the slot  362  to release the fixed articular component  400  from the tray  350 . 
     As shown, the first post  310  includes a plurality of ridges  314  that extend along the first post  310  in the same direction as the first post  310 . According to various embodiments, the ridges  314  may provide additional stability of the tray  350  and promote ingrowth of bone into the first post  310 . According to various embodiments, the first post  310  may be integrally formed with the tray  350 . Additionally, as discussed above, a portion or all of the first post  310  may include an osteoinductive portion (e.g., a porous portion that promotes ingrowth of bone into the first post  310 ) to further secure the tray  350  to the bone portion throughout the bone healing process. However, as discussed above, the first post  310  does not include an osteoinductive portion. 
     As shown, the first post  310  includes a first set of threads  311  within the first opening  312 . As is discussed further below, the first set of threads  311  is configured to interface with a first threaded portion  610  (see  FIG.  59   ) of the fastener  600  to couple the fastener  600  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the first set of threads  311  may be locking threads to prevent unintentional back out of the fastener  600 . According to various embodiments, the first set of threads  311  may include a single thread start, a double thread start, a triple thread start, etc. 
     As shown, the second post  320  includes a plurality of ridges  324  that extend along the second post  320  in the same direction of the second post  320 . According to various embodiments, the ridges  324  may provide additional stability of the tray  350  and promote ingrowth of bone into the second post  3200 . According to various embodiments, the second post  320  may be integrally formed with the tray  350 . Additionally, as discussed above, a portion or all of the second post  320  may include an osteoinductive portion (e.g., a porous portion that promotes ingrowth of bone into the second post  320 ) to further secure the tray  350  to the bone portion throughout the bone healing process. However, as discussed above, the second post  320  does not include an osteoinductive portion. 
     As shown, the second post  320  includes a second set of threads  321  within the second opening  322 . As is discussed further below, the second set of threads  321  is configured to interface with a second threaded portion  620  (see  FIG.  59   ) of the fastener  600  to couple the peg  600  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second set of threads  321  may be locking threads to prevent unintentional back out of the fastener  600 . According to various embodiments, the second set of threads  321  may include a single thread start, a double thread start, a triple thread start, etc. 
     According to various embodiments, the first post  310  includes another set of threads (e.g., a third set of threads  313 ) proximate the first opening  312 . For example, a portion of the first opening  312  proximate the first end  352  may include a third set of threads  313  configured to couple the first post  310  to a surgical jig (e.g., the second portion second portion  1610  shown in  FIGS.  86 - 86   ). In this sense, the third set of threads  313  within the opening  312  is configured to be coupled to a surgical jig and the first set of threads  311  within the first opening  312  is configured to engage a threaded portion of the fastener  600 . According to various embodiments, the third set of threads  313  may include a single thread start, a double thread start, a triple thread start, etc. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  55   , the first post  310  and second post  320  are angled with respect to the bottom surface  372  of the tray. For example, as shown, the first post  310  forms an angle  353  with the lower surface  372  and the second post  320  forms a second angle  351  with the lower surface  372  when viewed from the first edge  356 . According to various embodiments, the first angle  353  and the second angle  351  are between 30 and 90 degrees. According to various embodiments, the first angle  353  and the second angle  351  are the same. According to various embodiments, the angled first post  310  and the angled second post  320  may improve stability of the tray  350 . 
     Further, each of the plurality of spikes  330  may form an angle with respect to the bottom surface  372  of the tray. For example, as shown, the spikes  330  for a third angle  355  with the bottom surface  372  when viewed from the first edge  356 . According to various embodiments, the third angle is between 30 and 90 degrees. According to various embodiments, third angle  355  may be the same as the first angle  353  and/or the second angle  351  are the same. 
     As shown in  FIGS.  55  and  56   , a distance between the first end  352  and the second end  354  defines a length  391  of the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the length  391  is between 30 mm and 50 mm. For example, the length may be about 40 mm. Further, a distance between the first edge  356  and the second edge  358  may define a width  393  of the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the width  393  may be between 10 mm and 30 mm. For example, the width  393  may be about 20 mm. Further, a distance between the upper surface  374  and the lower surface  372  may define a depth  395  of the tray  350 . According to various embodiments, the depth  395  may be between 3 mm and 5 mm. For example, the depth  395  may be about 4 mm. Further, a distance between the lower surface  372  and an end of the first post  310  and/or the second post  320  defines a post depth  397 . According to various embodiments, the post depth  397  may be between 8 mm and 16 mm. Therefore, according to various embodiments, the length  391  to width  393  ration may be between 5 and 1. According to various embodiments, the length  391  to post depth  397  ratio may be between 6.25 and 1.875. 
     As best shown in  FIGS.  57  and  58   , when then fastener  600  is inserted through the first post  310  and the second post  320 , the fastener  600  forms an angle  361  with respect to the first edge  356 . According to various embodiments, the angle  361  may be between 0 and 45 degrees. According to various embodiments, aligning the openings in the first post  310  and the second post  320  to for the angle  361  may compress the tray  350  (e.g., the first edge  356 ) against the bone portion, which may improve stability of the tray  350 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  59  and  60   , the fastener  600  is shown in greater detail. As shown, the fastener  600  extends along an axis  601  between a first end  602  (e.g., a head) and a second end  604  (e.g., a tip). As shown, the fastener  600  includes a first threaded portion  610  proximate the second end  604  and a second threaded portion  620  proximate the first end  602 . As discussed above, the first threaded portion  610  is configured to engage a second set of threads  321  in the second opening  322  in the second post  320  and the second threaded portion  620  is configured to engage the first set of thread in the first opening  312  in the first post  310  to secure the tray  350  to the bone portion. According to various embodiments, the first threaded portion  610  and the second threaded portion  620  are defined by the same characteristics (e.g., thread angle, number of threads per inch, etc.). According to various embodiments, the first threaded portion  610  and/or the second threaded portion  620  may include a single thread start, a double thread start, a triple thread start, etc. 
     According to various embodiments, the fastener  600  includes an osteoinductive portion (e.g., a porous portion that promotes ingrowth of bone into the fastener  600 ). For example, some or all of the fastener  600  may be formed of a porous material. However, according to other embodiments, the fastener  600  does not include an osteoinductive portion. 
     According to an example embodiment, the first threaded portion  610  is configured to pass through the first opening  312  in the first post  310  before engaging the second threaded portion in the opening  322  of the second post  320 . For example, the first threaded portion  610  and the second threaded portion  620  may be defined by the same characteristics (e.g., thread angle, number of threads per inch, etc.) such that the first threaded portion  610  engages the first set of threads  311  in the first opening  312  in the first post  310  such that rotation of the fastener  600  causes the first threaded portion  610  to translate though the first opening  312  in the first post. For example, a driver may be inserted into the port  622  of the fastener to cause the fastener  600  to rotate. Once the first threaded portion  610  completely passes the first set of threads  311 , the fastener  600  may be further inserted until the first threaded portion  610  engages the second set of threads  321  in the second opening  322  of the second post. When the first threaded portion  610  engages the second set of threads  321  in the second opening  322 , the fastener  600  may again be rotated such the first threaded portion translates into the second opening  322  of the second post and the second threaded portion  620  engages the first set of threads  311  in the first opening  312  in the first post  310 . 
     In an alternative embodiment, an outer diameter of the first threaded portion  610  may be smaller than an outer diameter of the second threaded portion  620  such that the first threaded portion  610  can pass through the first opening  312  in the first post  310  without engaging the first set of threads  311  in the first opening  312 . 
     As shown, the fastener  600  further includes a plurality of teeth  630  proximate first end  602 . According to various embodiments, the plurality of teeth  630  are configured to reduce the likelihood of unintentional back out of the fastener  600 . For example, once the fastener  600  is coupled to the tray  350 , the plurality of teeth  630  may engage the first post  310  proximate the first opening  312 . As shown, the plurality of teeth  630  are angled such that they are configured to dig into the first post  310  in the event the fastener  600  turns counterclockwise (e.g., as a part of an unintentional back out). According to various embodiments, the plurality of teeth  630  are compressed against the first post when the fastener is fully inserted. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  61 - 68   , a surgical jig  1000  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The surgical jig  1000  may be used to prepare one or more bone portions for implantation of one or more components of any of the surgical implants described herein. For example, the surgical jig  1000  may be used to prepare a portion of the tibia as a part of a UKA. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1000  includes first component  1002 . The first component may act as a base support or couple to another structure (e.g., a support structure, a human body part such as a leg, etc.) during use of the surgical jig  1000 . As shown, the first component  1002  is adjustably coupled to a second component  1004  such that the first component  1002  can controllably translate about a first axis  1001  with respect to the second component. 
     As shown, the second component  1004  is coupled to a third component  1008  (e.g., a first support) such that the third component  1008  can translate along a second axis  1003  relative to the second component  1004 . According to various embodiments, the second axis  1003  is perpendicular to the first axis  1001 . As shown, a first locking mechanism  1006  may be used to fix the position of the third component  1008  relative to the second component  1004 . 
     As shown, the third component  1008  is coupled to a fourth component  1010  (e.g., a second support) is coupled to the third component  1008  such that the fourth component  1010  is configured to translate along a third axis  1005  with respect to the third component  1008 . According to various embodiments, the third axis  1005  is perpendicular to the first axis  1001  and/or the second axis  1003 . As shown, the fourth component  1010  is configured to translate within an opening (e.g., in a telescoping manner) of the third component. Further, a second locking mechanism  1012  is configured to secure the position of the fourth component  1010  relative to the third component  1008 . 
     As shown, the fourth component  1010  is adjustably coupled to a fifth component  1016  such that the fifth component  1016  is configured to selectively translate along a fifth axis  1007 . According to various embodiments, the fifth axis  1007  is perpendicular to the second axis  1003  and/or the third axis  1005 . According to various embodiments, the fifth axis  1007  is parallel to the first axis  1001 . As shown, a third locking mechanism  1018  is configured to secure the position of the fifth component  1016  relative to the fourth component  1014 . 
     As shown, a sixth component  1020  (e.g., an adjustment bar) is coupled to the fourth component  1014  and the fifth component  1016  such that the sixth component  1020  is configured to translate along the fifth axis  1007 . According to various embodiments, the third locking mechanism  1018  is configured to secure the position of the sixth component  1020  relative to the fourth component  1014  and/or the fifth component  1016 . 
     As shown, the sixth component  1020  is coupled to a first angular adjustment mechanism  1024 . According to various embodiments, the first angular adjustment mechanism  1024  is integrally formed with the sixth component  1020 . The first angular adjustment mechanism  1024  enables rotation of a first cutting block  1030  about a sixth axis  1009 . According to various embodiments, the sixth axis  1009  is parallel to the fifth axis  1007 . As shown, a fourth locking mechanism  1028  is configured to secure the angular position of the first cutting block  1030  relative to the sixth axis  1009 . Further, as shown, the first angular adjustment mechanism  1024  includes a plurality of visual indicators to indicate the relative angular position of the first cutting block  1030  relative to the sixth axis  1009 . 
     As shown, the second angular adjustment mechanism  1026  is coupled to a first angular adjustment mechanism  1024 . The second angular adjustment mechanism  1026  enables rotation of the first cutting block  1030  about a seventh axis  1011 . According to various embodiments, the seventh axis  1011  is perpendicular to the sixth axis  1009 . As shown, a fifth locking mechanism  1029  is configured to secure the angular position of the first cutting block  1030  relative to the seventh axis  1011 . Further, as shown, the second angular adjustment mechanism  1026  includes a plurality of visual indicators to indicate the relative angular position of the first cutting block  1030  relative to the seventh axis  1011 . 
     As is best shown in  FIGS.  65  and  66   , the first cutting block  1030  includes a plurality of holes  1056 ,  1058  extending through the first cutting block  1030 . According to various embodiments, the holes  1056 ,  1058  may be configured to receive a screw and/or a drill bit. As shown, a first plurality of holes  1056  extend straight through the first cutting block  1030  while a second plurality of holes  1058  are angled towards a middle portion of the first cutting block  1030 . 
     As shown, a second cutting block  1032  is coupled to the first cutting block such that a distance along an eighth axis  1013  can be selectively adjusted (e.g., adjusting a distance between an upper surface of the first cutting block  1030  and a lower surface of the second cutting block  1032 ). As shown, a portion of the second cutting block  1032  is received within one of a plurality of slots  1052 . Due to the fixed number of slots  1052 , the second cutting block  1032  is adjustable relative to the first cutting block  1030  between a fixed numbers of positions. As shown, the first cutting block  1030  includes a plurality of visual indicators proximate the slots  1052  that are configured to provide an indication of the distance between the first cutting block  1030  and the second cutting block  1032 . 
     As shown, a third cutting block  1034  is coupled to the second cutting block  1032  such that position of the third cutting block  1034  relative to the second cutting block  1032  along a ninth axis  1015  can be selectively adjusted. For example, as shown, the second cutting block  1032  includes a plurality of slots  1054  configured to receive a portion of the third cutting block  1034 . According to various embodiments, the ninth axis  1015  is perpendicular to the eighth axis  1013 . Due to the fixed number of slots  1054 , the third cutting block  1034  is adjustable relative to the second cutting block  1032  between a fixed numbers of positions. As shown, the second cutting block  1032  includes a plurality of visual indicators proximate the slots  1054  that are configured to provide an indication of the distance between the second cutting block  1032  and the third cutting block  1034 . 
     As shown, the third cutting block  1034  includes a plurality of holes  1062 ,  1064  extending through the third cutting block  1034 . The holes  1062 ,  1064  may be configured to receive a screw and/or a drill bit. According to various embodiments, the hole  1062  is configured to receive a drill bit configured to drill into the tibia (e.g., to create a ledge for the first edge  356  of the tray  350  to align with). 
     As shown, a bar  1040  (e.g., a stylus) is coupled to the third cutting block  1034 . The bar  1040  includes a curved portion  1070  proximate an end of the bar  1040 . According to various embodiments, the curved portion  1070  is configured to engage a bone portion (e.g., a surface of the tibia) such that the holes  1056 ,  1058 ,  1062 ,  1064  can be aligned relative to the bone portion engaged by the curved portion  1070 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  69  and  70   , another surgical jig  1100  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The surgical jig  1100  may be configured to prepare a portion of bone for implantation of a component of a surgical implant. For example, the surgical jig  1100  may be configured to prepare a portion of a femur as a part of a UKA. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1100  includes a baseplate  1110  extending in a first direction. The baseplate  1110  includes a first guide  1112  on a first lateral side and a second guide  1114  on a second lateral side. As shown, the first guide  1112  and the second guide  1114  are configured to receive a portion of a first spacer  1120  and a second spacer  1122  to couple the first spacer  1120  and the second spacer  1122  to a lower surface and an upper surface of the baseplate  1110 . 
     According to various embodiments, the baseplate  1110  is configured to be used in conjunction with a number of different sized spacers. According to various embodiments, the surgeon may select a certain size spacer based on the type of surgery (e.g., fixed bearing UKA vs mobile bearing UKA), the size of the patient, and/or the space available in the surgical location. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1100  further includes a cutting block  1130  coupled to the baseplate  1110  (e.g., via the guides  1112 ,  1114 ). According to various embodiments, the cutting block  1130  extends perpendicularly away from the baseplate  1110 . According to various embodiments, the cutting block  1130  includes a plurality of parallel apertures  1132  extending though the cutting block. According to various embodiments the apertures  1132  may be configured to receive a screw (e.g., the bone screw  1150 ) and/or a drill bit. For example, a plurality of bone screws  1150  may be inserted into the apertures  1132  and drilled into a bone portion to secure the cutting block  1130  to the bone portion. Once the cutting block  1130  is secured to the bone portion, the other apertures  1132  may receive a drill bit to drill additional openings in the bone portion. According to various embodiments, the apertures  1132  may be parallel, convergent, or divergent from one another. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  71 - 74   , another surgical jig  1200  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The surgical jig  1200  may be configured to prepare a portion of bone for implantation of a component of a surgical implant. For example, the surgical jig  1200  may be configured to prepare a portion of a femur as a part of a UKA. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1200  includes a baseplate  1210  extending in a first direction. The baseplate  1210  includes a first guide  1202  on a first lateral side and a second guide  1204  on a second lateral side. As shown, the first guide  1202  and the second guide  1204  are configured to receive a portion of a first spacer  1220  and a second spacer  1222  to couple the first spacer  1220  and the second spacer  1222  to a lower surface and an upper surface of the baseplate  1210 . 
     According to various embodiments, the baseplate  1210  is configured to be used in conjunction with a number of different sized spacers. According to various embodiments, the surgeon may select a certain size spacer based on the type of surgery (e.g., fixed bearing UKA vs mobile bearing UKA), the size of the patient, and/or the space available in the surgical location. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1200  further includes a cutting block  1230  coupled to the baseplate  1210 . According to various embodiments, the cutting block  1230  is integrally formed with the baseplate  1210 . According to various embodiments, the cutting block  1230  is perpendicular to the baseplate  1210 . According to various embodiments, the cutting block  1230  includes a plurality of screw apertures  1214  and a plurality of drill apertures  1212 . According to various embodiments the screw apertures  1214  are configured to receive a screw (e.g., the bone screw  1250 ) and the drill apertures  1212  are configured to receive a drill bit (e.g., the drill bit  1275 ). For example, a plurality of bone screws  1250  may be inserted into the screw apertures  1214  (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  73  and  74   ) and drilled into a bone portion to secure the cutting block  1230  to the bone portion. Once the cutting block  1230  is secured to the bone portion, drill bits  1275  may be inserted into the drill apertures  1212  to create apertures in the bone portion. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  75 - 78   , another surgical jig  1300  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The surgical jig  1300  may be configured to prepare a portion of bone for implantation of a component of a surgical implant. For example, the surgical jig  1300  may be configured to prepare a portion of a femur as a part of a UKA (e.g., a mobile bearing UKA). 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1300  includes a body portion that defines an inner surface  1304  and an outer surface  1302 . As shown, first slot  1306  extends into the outer surface  1302  and terminates at a first ledge. A second slot  1308  extends from the first ledge through the inner surface  1304 . The second slot  1308  is configured to receive a bone screw (e.g., the bone screw  1318 ) and the first ledge is configured to prevent a head of the bone screw  1318  from passing through the inner surface  1304 . Advantageously, a portion of the bone screw  1318  is configured to translate within the second slot  1308  such that the position of the surgical jig  1300  can be adjusted after a portion of the bone screw  1318  has been drilled into the bone portion. Once the surgical jig  1300  is in a desired location, the bone screw  1318  can be tightened to fix the position of the surgical jig  1300  relative to the bone portion. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1300  includes a first drill aperture  1310  configured to receive a drill bit  1350  and a second drill aperture  1312  configured to receive a second drill bit  1350 . According to various embodiments, the first drill aperture  1310  and the second drill aperture  1312  are parallel to one another. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1300  further includes a first window  1314  (e.g., a slot) and a second window  1316  (e.g., a slot) configured to allow a surgeon to view a portion of the bone portion through the windows  1314 ,  1316  while the surgical jig  1300  is secured to the bone portion. As is best shown in  FIG.  76   , a portion of the first drill aperture  1310  intersects a portion of the first window and a portion the second drill aperture  1312  intersects a portion of the second window  1316 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  79 - 82   , a surgical jig  1450  is shown, according to various embodiments. The surgical jig  1450  may be configured to prepare a portion of bone for implantation of a component of a surgical implant. For example, the surgical jig  1450  may be configured to prepare a portion of a tibia as a part of a UKA (e.g., a mobile bearing UKA, a fixed bearing UKA, etc.). According to various embodiments, the surgical jig  1450  is configured to be use with a first tray  1420  that represents the thickness of an insert used in a mobile bearing UKA (e.g., as shown by the assembly  1400  of  FIG.  79   ) and a second tray  1520  that represents the thickness of a fixed articular portion used in a fixed bearing UKA (e.g., as shown by the assembly  1500  of  FIGS.  81  and  81   ). 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1450  includes an arm  1452 . According to various embodiments, the arm  1452  is configured to engage the bone portion to reduce movement of the surgical jig  1450  relative to the bone portion. As shown, the surgical jig  1450  is configured to receive a bone screw  1410  configured to couple the surgical jig  1450  to a bone portion. After the surgical jig  1450  is secured, a drill bit may be inserted into either, or both, drill apertures  1430  to create an opening in the bone portion. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  83 - 86   , a surgical jig  1600  is shown according to an example embodiment. As shown, the surgical jig  1600  is configured to couple with a tray  350  and drill an opening (e.g., a third aperture) into a bone portion such that a fastener can be inserted into the opening and through the first post  310  and the second post  320 . 
     As shown, the surgical jig  1600  includes a coupling mechanism  1606  configured to couple to the tray  350 . The surgical jig further includes an adjustment bar  1604  configured to adjust an orientation of the tray  350  coupled to the coupling mechanism  1606 . The surgical jig further includes a first component  1602  that coupled to a first tube. According to various embodiments, the first tube is integrally formed with the first component  1602 . As shown, the first tube receives a second component comprising a first portion  1608  and a second portion  1610  extending out of an end of the first tube. As shown, the first portion  1608  defines a larger diameter than the first tube such that the first portion  1608  is prevented from passing through the first tube. According to various embodiments, the first portion  1608  and the second portion  1610  are integrally formed. According to other embodiments, the first portion  1608  and the second portion  1610  are separate pieces that are coupled together. For example, the first portion  1608  and the second portion  1610  may include threads that are configured to couple the first portion  1608  and the second portion  1610 . According to various embodiments, the first portion  1608  and the second portion  1610  may be solid or may be hollow such that they define an inner opening. According to various embodiments, the second portion  1610  includes a set of threads configured to couple with a set of threads within the opening  312  in the first post  310  (e.g., the third set of threads  313  discussed above). As shown in  FIGS.  85  and  86   , the second portion  1610  is configured to receive a drill such that an end of the drill extends out of the second portion  1610  and through the first post  310  and the second post  320 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  87  and  88   , a gap gauge  1700  is shown according to an example embodiment. The gap gauge  1700  includes a body portion  1702  including a tip  1704  that is configured to be inserted into a slot  1752  in a sizer  1750  such that the body portion  1702  is selectively coupled to the sizer  1750 . According to various embodiments, tip  1704  is configured to couple with a number of different size sizers  1750  such that the surgeon may place the sizers  1750  in a desired location. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  89 - 92   , a rasp assembly  1800  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The rasp assembly  1800  is configured to file down a bone portion as desired. As shown, the rasp assembly  1800  includes a body  1802  and a cutting portion  1810  removably coupled to the body (e.g., by a locking arm  1804  received within an aperture  1816  in the cutting portion). The cutting portion  1810  can be removed from the body portion  1802  and rotated such that both the first set of teeth  1812  and the second set of teeth  1814  may be used as desired. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  93  and  94   , an impactor device  1900  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The impactor device  1900  includes a mallet region  1904  configured to receive an impact force and transfer the impact force to an attachment portion  1910  via the body  1902 . As shown, the body  1902  is generally “C” shaped to accommodate for a patient&#39;s body (e.g., the patient&#39;s leg). As shown, the attachment portion  1910  includes an attachment mechanism  1906  configured to couple the impactor device  1900  to a component of a surgical implant. 
     Referring now to  FIG.  95   , a T-ruler  2000  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The T-ruler  2000  includes a tab  2002  configured to engage a bone portion. The T-ruler  2000  further includes a body  2004  extending away from the tab  2002  and a plurality of visual indicators  2008  on the body. The T-ruler  2000  includes a first leg  2010  and a second leg  2012 , each having a plurality of visual indicators  2006 . 
     Referring now to  FIG.  96   , a gap stick  2100  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The gap stick  2100  includes a first gauge  2104  coupled to a second gauge  2106  via a body portion  2102 . According to various embodiments, the first gauge  2104  and the second gauge  2106  are a different size, as indicated by visual indicators on the body portion  2102 . 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  97  and  98   , a grasping device  2200  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The grasping device  220  is configured to grab a desired object (e.g., a loose piece of bone) and remove the object from a patient. As shown, the grasping device  2200  includes a first handle portion  2224  rotatable coupled to a second handle portion  2226  via a hinge  2230  and a first arm  2220  rotatable coupled to a second arm  2222  via the hinge  2230 . According to various embodiments the hinge  2230  is configures to keep a grasping surface of the first arm  2220  and the second arm  2222  parallel as the first handle  2224  and the second handle  2226  are rotated relative to one another. For example, the hinge  2230  may include a double hinge. 
     As shown, the first arm  2220  and the second arm  2222  include a plurality of teeth  2210 . The plurality of teeth  2210  are angled to reduce the likelihood of the object slipping away from the first handle portion  2224  and the second handle portion  2226  while the grasping device us being used to grab an object. Further, the first arm  2220  defines a first tip  2240  and the second arm  2222  defines a second tip  2242 . According to various embodiments, the tips  2240 ,  2242  may define a flat edge at the end of the respective arm. According to other embodiments, the tips  2240 ,  2242  may define a rounded edge at the end of the respective arm. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  99 - 101   , another surgical jig  2300  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The surgical jig  2300  may be configured to prepare a portion of bone for implantation of a component of a surgical implant. For example, the surgical jig  2300  may be configured to prepare a portion of a femur as a part of a UKA. The surgical jig  2300  may be similar to one or more surgical jigs described herein (e.g., the surgical jig  1200 ). 
     As shown, the surgical jig  2300  includes a baseplate  2310  extending in a first direction. The baseplate  2310  includes a first guide  2302  on a first lateral side and a second guide  2304  on a second lateral side. As shown, the first guide  2302  and the second guide  2304  are configured to receive a portion of a first spacer  2320  to couple the first spacer  2320  to a lower surface and an upper surface of the baseplate  2310 . 
     According to various embodiments, the baseplate  2310  is configured to be used in conjunction with a number of different sized spacers. According to various embodiments, the surgeon may select a certain size spacer based on the type of surgery (e.g., fixed bearing UKA vs mobile bearing UKA), the size of the patient, and/or the space available in the surgical location. 
     As shown, the surgical jig  2300  further includes a cutting block  2330  coupled to the baseplate  2310 . According to various embodiments, the cutting block  2330  is integrally formed with the baseplate  2310 . As best shown in  FIG.  101   , the cutting block  2330  forms an angle  2301  with the baseplate  2310 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2310  is between 90 and 45 degrees. According to various embodiments, the cutting block  2330  includes a plurality of screw apertures  2314  and a plurality of drill apertures  2312 . According to various embodiments the screw apertures  2314  are configured to receive a screw and the drill apertures  2312  are configured to receive a drill bit. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  102 - 104   , a fixed articular component  2300  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2300  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2300  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2300  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2300  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2300  includes a first end  2302 , a second end  2304  opposite the first end, a first edge  2306 , and a second edge  2308  opposite the first edge  2306 . As shown, the first edge  2306  is generally linear while the second edge  2308  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2312 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2300  includes a projection  2314  extending from the lower surface  2312 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2314  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2300  to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  104   , the upper surface  2310  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2310  is angled away from the first end  2302  such that the upper surface  2310  and a bottom surface of the projection  2314  form an angle  2301 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2301  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2300  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2300  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  105 - 107   , a fixed articular component  2400  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2400  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2400  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2400  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2400  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2400  includes a first end  2402 , a second end  2404  opposite the first end, a first edge  2406 , and a second edge  2408  opposite the first edge  2406 . As shown, the first edge  2406  is generally linear while the second edge  2408  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2412 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2400  includes a projection  2414  extending from the lower surface  2412 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2414  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2400  to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  107   , the upper surface  2410  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2410  is angled away from the second edge  2408  such that the upper surface  2410  and a bottom surface of the projection  2414  form an angle  2401 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2401  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2400  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2400  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  108 - 110   , a fixed articular component  2500  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2500  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2500  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2500  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2500  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2500  includes a first end  2502 , a second end  2504  opposite the first end, a first edge  2506 , and a second edge  2508  opposite the first edge  2506 . As shown, the first edge  2506  is generally linear while the second edge  2508  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2512 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2500  includes a projection  2514  extending from the lower surface  2512 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2514  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2500  to the tray. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2500  includes a first tab  2520  and a second tab  2530  extending away from the lower surface  2512 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  2520  is configured to be received within a slot (e.g., the slot  362 ) in the tray to securely couple the fixed articular component  2500  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second tab  2530  may interface with an edge of the cavity (e.g., the cavity  366 ) such that the second tab  2530  is compressed against the edge of the cavity, which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray. 
       102721  As best shown in  FIG.  110   , the upper surface  2510  is concave. For example, a low point of the upper surface  2510  is located between the first end  2502  and the second end  2504 . 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2500  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2500  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  111 - 113   , a fixed articular component  2600  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2600  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2600  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2600  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2600  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2600  includes a first end  2602 , a second end  2604  opposite the first end, a first edge  2606 , and a second edge  2608  opposite the first edge  2606 . As shown, the first edge  2606  is generally linear while the second edge  2608  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2612 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2600  includes a projection  2614  extending from the lower surface  2612 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2614  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2600  to the tray. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2600  includes a first tab  2620  and a second tab  2630  extending away from the lower surface  2612 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  2620  is configured to be received within a slot (e.g., the slot  362 ) in the tray to securely couple the fixed articular component  2600  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second tab  2630  may interface with an edge of the cavity (e.g., the cavity  366 ) such that the second tab  2630  is compressed against the edge of the cavity, which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  113   , the upper surface  2610  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2610  is angled away from the second end  2604  such that the upper surface  2610  and a bottom surface of the projection  2614  form an angle  2601 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2601  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2600  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2600  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  114 - 116   , a fixed articular component  2700  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2700  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2700  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2700  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2700  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2700  includes a first end  2702 , a second end  2704  opposite the first end, a first edge  2706 , and a second edge  2708  opposite the first edge  2706 . As shown, the first edge  2706  is generally linear while the second edge  2708  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2712 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2700  includes a projection  2714  extending from the lower surface  2712 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2714  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2700  to the tray. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2700  includes a first tab  2720  and a second tab  2730  extending away from the lower surface  2712 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  2720  is configured to be received within a slot (e.g., the slot  362 ) in the tray to securely couple the fixed articular component  2700  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second tab  2730  may interface with an edge of the cavity (e.g., the cavity  366 ) such that the second tab  2730  is compressed against the edge of the cavity, which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  116   , the upper surface  2710  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2710  is angled away from the first edge  2706  such that the upper surface  2710  and a bottom surface of the projection  2714  form an angle  2701 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2701  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2700  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2700  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  117 - 119   , a fixed articular component  2800  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2800  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2800  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2800  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2800  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2800  includes a first end  2802 , a second end  2804  opposite the first end, a first edge  2806 , and a second edge  2808  opposite the first edge  2806 . As shown, the first edge  2806  is generally linear while the second edge  2808  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2812 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2800  includes a projection  2814  extending from the lower surface  2812 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2814  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2800  to the tray. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2800  includes a first tab  2820  and a second tab  2830  extending away from the lower surface  2812 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  2820  is configured to be received within a slot (e.g., the slot  362 ) in the tray to securely couple the fixed articular component  2800  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second tab  2830  may interface with an edge of the cavity (e.g., the cavity  366 ) such that the second tab  2830  is compressed against the edge of the cavity, which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  119   , the upper surface  2810  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2810  is angled away from the second edge  2808  such that the upper surface  2810  and a bottom surface of the projection  2814  form an angle  2801 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2801  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2800  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2800  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     Referring now to  FIGS.  120 - 122   , a fixed articular component  2900  is shown, according to an example embodiment. The fixed articular component  2900  may share one or more characteristics with any of the articular components described herein (e.g., the fixed articular component  400 ). For example, the fixed articular component  2900  may be configured to couple with a baseplate or a tray (e.g., the tray  350 ). Further, the fixed articular component  2900  may be configured to interface with a femoral component (e.g., the femoral component  500 ) to enable relative movement between the femoral component and the fixed articular component  2900  and/or relative movement between the femoral component and the tray/baseplate. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2900  includes a first end  2902 , a second end  2904  opposite the first end, a first edge  2906 , and a second edge  2908  opposite the first edge  2906 . As shown, the first edge  2906  is generally linear while the second edge  2908  is generally curved. The fixed articular component further includes an upper surface  1210  opposite a lower surface  2912 . As shown, the fixed articular component  2900  includes a projection  2914  extending from the lower surface  2912 . According to various embodiments, the projection  2914  is configured to be received within a cavity of the tray (e.g., the cavity  366 ) to couple the fixed articular component  2900  to the tray. 
     As shown, the fixed articular component  2900  includes a first tab  2920  and a second tab  2930  extending away from the lower surface  2912 . According to various embodiments, a portion of the first tab  2920  is configured to be received within a slot (e.g., the slot  362 ) in the tray to securely couple the fixed articular component  2900  to the tray. According to various embodiments, the second tab  2930  may interface with an edge of the cavity (e.g., the cavity  366 ) such that the second tab  2930  is compressed against the edge of the cavity, which may further secure the fixed articular component to the tray. 
     As best shown in  FIG.  122   , the upper surface  2910  is generally flat. Further, the upper surface  2910  is angled away from the first end  2902  such that the upper surface  2910  and a bottom surface of the projection  2914  form an angle  2901 . According to various embodiments, the angle  2901  is between 0 and 30 degrees. 
     According to various embodiments, the fixed articular component  2900  is made of polyethylene. According to other embodiments, the fixed articular component  2900  may be made of ceramic, polished ceramic, polished ceramic coated metal, or polyethylene or any combination thereof. 
     As utilized herein with respect to structural features (e.g., to describe shape, size, orientation, direction, relative position, etc.), the terms “approximately,” “about,” “substantially,” and similar terms are meant to cover minor variations in structure that may result from, for example, the manufacturing or assembly process and are intended to have a broad meaning in harmony with the common and accepted usage by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the subject matter of this disclosure pertains. Accordingly, these terms should be interpreted as indicating that insubstantial or inconsequential modifications or alterations of the subject matter described and claimed are considered to be within the scope of the disclosure as recited in the appended claims. 
     It should be noted that the term “exemplary” and variations thereof, as used herein to describe various embodiments, are intended to indicate that such embodiments are possible examples, representations, or illustrations of possible embodiments (and such terms are not intended to connote that such embodiments are necessarily extraordinary or superlative examples). 
     The term “coupled” and variations thereof, as used herein, means the joining of two members directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary (e.g., permanent or fixed) or moveable (e.g., removable or releasable). Such joining may be achieved with the two members coupled directly to each other, with the two members coupled to each other using a separate intervening member and any additional intermediate members coupled with one another, or with the two members coupled to each other using an intervening member that is integrally formed as a single unitary body with one of the two members. If “coupled” or variations thereof are modified by an additional term (e.g., directly coupled), the generic definition of “coupled” provided above is modified by the plain language meaning of the additional term (e.g., “directly coupled” means the joining of two members without any separate intervening member), resulting in a narrower definition than the generic definition of “coupled” provided above. 
     References herein to the positions of elements (e.g., “top,” “bottom,” “above,” “below”) are merely used to describe the orientation of various elements in the FIGURES. It should be noted that the orientation of various elements may differ according to other exemplary embodiments, and that such variations are intended to be encompassed by the present disclosure. 
     Although the figures and description may illustrate a specific order of method steps, the order of such steps may differ from what is depicted and described, unless specified differently above. Also, two or more steps may be performed concurrently or with partial concurrence, unless specified differently above. 
     It is important to note that any element disclosed in one embodiment may be incorporated or utilized with any other embodiment disclosed herein. The devices, systems and methods described herein may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the characteristics thereof. The foregoing implementations are illustrative rather than limiting of the described systems and methods. The scope of the systems and methods described herein is thus indicated by the appended claims, rather than the foregoing description, and changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are embraced therein.