Patent Publication Number: US-5631453-A

Title: Multi-way flipping switch

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a multi-way flipping switch applicable to an automotive mirror driving device or the like and adapted to output an electric signal corresponding to a direction of inclination of an operating member. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-188644 discloses a conventional example of such a multi-way flipping switch, which comprises an operating member held so as to be capable of being inclined in a number of directions, a base plate having a plurality of stationary contacts, a click rubber member in the form of a sheet having a plurality of hollow protrusions each containing a movable contact, a driving member arranged between the operating member and the base plate and adapted to transmit an inclining force for the operating member to the above-mentioned hollow protrusions, and a spring for restoring the operating member and the driving member to a neutral position. In this conventional multi-way flipping switch, when the operating member is inclined in an arbitrary direction against the resilient force of the spring, the hollow protrusion of the click rubber member positioned in the direction of inclination is pressed by the driving member to generate a click feel and, at the same time, the movable contact provided in this hollow protrusion is brought into contact with the stationary contact arranged opposite thereto, whereby an electric signal corresponding to the direction of inclination can be output. When the operating force causing the inclination of the operating member is cancelled, the driving member and the operating member are restored to the neutral position by the resilient force of the spring and, at the same time, the hollow protrusion is restored to the non-operating state by its own resilient force, with the result that the movable contact is separated from the stationary contact and returns to the original position, which corresponds to the OFF state. 
     Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-23639 discloses another example of conventional multi-way flipping switch, which comprises an operating member, a base plate having a plurality of stationary contacts, and a sheet-shaped click rubber member having a plurality of hollow protrusions each containing a movable contact, wherein the operating member is provided with a longer projection and a plurality of shorter projections positioned around the longer projection, with the lower surface of the projections respectively abutting the hollow protrusions of the click rubber member. In this multi-way flipping switch, when the operating member is inclined in an arbitrary direction, the hollow protrusion positioned in the direction of inclination is pressed by the corresponding projection. The top end surface of each hollow protrusion is formed as an inclined surface descending toward the center, so that the top end section of the hollow protrusion is parallel to the surface of the base plate when the operating member is inclined. As a result, the movable contact inside the hollow protrusion is reliably brought into contact with the associated stationary contact, thereby providing a satisfactory contact state. Further, when the operating member is inclined by a predetermined angle, a part of the lower end section of the protrusion is passed through a through-hole of the click rubber member to abut the base plate, whereby the angle of inclination of the operating member is restricted, thereby preventing two or more pairs of switching elements from being simultaneously brought into the ON state. 
     Further, as disclosed in Japanese Utility-Model Laid-Open No. 59-33640, there has been proposed a multi-way flipping switch, in which a protrusion protruding upwards beyond a housing is provided on an operating member, and in which a cross guide groove to be engaged with this protrusion is provided in the housing. In this multi-way flipping switch, the direction of inclination of the operating member is restricted to four directions by the above-mentioned guide groove, so that it is possible to prevent two or more pairs of switch elements from being simultaneously brought to the ON state. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch disclosed in Japanese Utility-Model Laid-Open No. 59-188644, in which the operating member and the driving member are held in the neutral state by using a spring, has a problem in that, when the resilient force of the spring for restoring the operating member from the inclined to the neutral state is set at a high level so as to reliably achieve the neutral state, the click feel generated in the hollow protrusion of the click rubber member is reduced by the resilient force of the spring, thereby impairing the operating feel (the click feel). The click feel might be enhanced by setting the resilient force of the spring at a low level. In that case, however, the restoring force for retaining the operating member and the driving member in the neutral state would become rather weak, resulting in the neutral state of the operating member becoming rather unstable. Further, when, after the buckling deformation of the above-mentioned hollow protrusion, the inclining force is further applied to the operating member, the driving member will reversely rotate on the buckled hollow protrusion, thereby eliminating the stop feel indicating the termination of the inclining operation. From this viewpoint also, this prior-art structure is subject to impairment of the operating feel. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-23639, in which an inclined surface descending toward the center is formed on the surface of the top end portion of each hollow protrusion, whereby the movable contact can be reliably brought into contact with the stationary contact while being held in a parallel position to the stationary contact. However, such an asymmetrical hollow protrusion not only impairs the operating feel, but also complicates the molding process for the click rubber member, thereby leading to an increase in production cost. Further, in this prior-art structure, in which the protrusion provided on the operating member is brought into abutment with the hard base plate to thereby prevent two or more pairs of switching elements from being simultaneously turned on, has a problem in that a through-hole into which the protrusion is to be passed has to be provided in the click rubber member, placed on the base plate, so that there is the danger of some liquid, such as water or juice, intruding the base plate through this through-hole to thereby generate electrical trouble, etc. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-33640, in which the projection of the operating member moves along the guide groove of the housing when the operating member is inclined, has a problem in that, when, for example, the operating member is to be sequentially inclined in two different directions, it is necessary to first restore the operating member, after its inclination in one direction, to the neutral position before the operating member can be inclined in the other direction along the guide groove, so that a quick operation is not to be expected. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the prior art. A first object of the present invention is to provide a multi-way flipping switch which helps to attain an improvement in operability. A second object of the present invention is to provide a multi-way flipping switch in which the movable contact can be reliably brought into contact with the stationary contact to thereby attain a stable contact state and which is inexpensive and provides an excellent operating feel. A third object of the present invention is to provide a multi-way flipping switch which is capable of preventing two or more pairs of switching elements from being simultaneously turned on while securing the requisite waterproofness for the contact section and which allows the input operation to be quickly conducted. 
     The first object of the present invention can be achieved by a multi-way flipping switch comprising: a housing having an opening; an operating member partly protruding beyond the opening and retained so as to be capable of being inclined in a number of directions; a base plate on which a plurality of stationary contacts are arranged; a click rubber member having a plurality of hollow protrusions protruding in the direction of the operating member; and a plurality of movable contacts respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the top end portions of the hollow protrusions, the operating member being adapted to be inclined in an arbitrary direction to thereby cause the corresponding movable contact to be brought into contact with the associated stationary contact, wherein rotating members for transmitting the inclining operational force of the operating member to the hollow protrusions are arranged between the operating member and the click rubber members, and wherein the operating member has driving sections for driving these rotating members, each driving section being set such that it acts on the associated rotating member at a position between the fulcrum in rotation of this rotating member and that section of this rotating member which presses the associated hollow protrusion. 
     The second object of the present invention can be achieved by a multi-way flipping switch comprising: a housing having an opening; an operating member partly protruding beyond the opening and retained so as to be capable of being inclined in a number of directions; a base plate on which a plurality of stationary contacts are arranged; a click rubber member having a plurality of hollow protrusions protruding the direction of the operating member; and a plurality of movable contacts respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the top end portions of the hollow protrusions, the operating member being adapted to be inclined in an arbitrary direction to thereby cause the corresponding movable contact to be brought into contact with the associated stationary contact, wherein rotating members for transmitting the inclining operational force of the operating member to the hollow protrusions are provided between the operating member and the click rubber members, and wherein the surface of the top end portion of each hollow protrusion is formed as a curved surface. 
     The third object of the present invention can be achieved by a multi-way flipping switch comprising: a housing having an opening; an operating member partly protruding beyond the opening and retained so as to be capable of being inclined in a number of directions; a base plate on which a plurality of stationary contacts are arranged; a click rubber member having a plurality hollow protrusions protruding in the direction of the operating member; and a plurality of movable contacts respectively provided on the inner surfaces of the top end portions of the hollow protrusions, the operating member being adapted to be inclined in an arbitrary direction to thereby cause the corresponding movable contact to be brought into contact with the associated stationary contact, wherein a plurality of rotating members driven by the operating member so as to press the hollow protrusions, and a holding member for rotatably holding the rotating members, are provided between the operating member and the click rubber member, and wherein protrusions for restricting the direction of inclination of the operating member are provided on either the operating member or the holding member. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch according to a first embodiment of the present invention, when the operating member is inclined, the middle section of the corresponding rotating member is driven by the operating member, and the rotating member rotates using one end thereof as a fulcrum of rotation (pivot point), the other end thereof pressing the surface of the top end portion of the associated hollow protrusion, so that, as is obvious from the principle of the lever, it is possible to set the requisite operating force for operating the operating member at a level higher than the pressing force applied to the top end surface of the hollow protrusion. Further, since the operating member is restored to the neutral position by utilizing the resilient force of the hollow protrusion of the click rubber member, the click feel caused by the buckling deformation of the hollow protrusion is not impaired by another member such as a spring, so that the operating feel obtained in response to the buckling deformation is a satisfactory one, thereby making it possible to achieve an improvement in terms of operability. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch according to a second embodiment of the present invention, when the operating member is inclined in an arbitrary direction, the rotating member arranged in the direction of inclination is driven by the operating member, and the rotating member rotates to press the top end surface of the associated hollow protrusion. Since the top end surface of the hollow protrusion is formed as a curved surface, the rotating member and the hollow protrusion are in point contact with each other, and, in this condition, the contact position moves with the rotation of the rotating member, so that a directly downward pressing force is constantly applied to the hollow protrusion. Thus, the inner surface of the top end portion of the hollow protrusion is kept parallel to the surface of the base plate even when the hollow protrusion is being buckled. As a result, the movable contact on the inner surface of the top end portion is reliably brought into contact with the corresponding stationary contact of the surface, thereby providing a stable contact state. Further, since the hollow protrusion has a symmetrical configuration, the operator experiences a satisfactory operating feel when the hollow protrusion undergoes buckling deformation. Further, it is possible to avoid a complication of the process for molding the click rubber member, thereby attaining a reduction in production cost. 
     In the multi-way flipping switch according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the direction of inclination of the operating member is restricted by protrusions provided on at least either the operating member or the holding member, so that it is possible to prevent two or more pairs of switching elements from being simultaneously turned on while preventing intrusion of liquid from the click-rubber-member side to the base plate. Further, when the operating member is to be inclined sequentially in two or more different directions, the operating member, having been inclined in one direction, can be directly inclined in the other direction without having to first restored to the neutral position, thereby expediting the operation. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a multi-way flipping switch according to an embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a back side perspective view of a part of a housing with which the multi-way flipping switch is equipped; 
     FIG. 3 an exploded sectional view showing an operating member, a holding member and rotating members with which the multi-way flipping switch is equipped; 
     FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the multi-way flipping switch in the non-operating state; 
     FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the multi-way flipping switch in the operating state; and 
     FIGS. 6A, 6B, 6C and 6D are diagrams illustrating the range of inclination for the operating member of the multi-way flipping switch. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     An embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. 
     FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a multi-way flipping switch according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a back side perspective view of a part of a housing with which the multi-way flipping switch is equipped; FIG. 3 is an exploded sectional view showing an operating member, a holding member and rotating members with which the multi-way flipping switch is equipped; FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the multi-way flipping switch in the non-operating state; FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the multi-way flipping switch in the operating state; and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the range of inclination for the operating of the multi-way flipping switch. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing the operating member in the non-operating state; FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the operating member inclined toward this side; FIG. 6C is a diagram showing the operating member inclined to the right; and FIG. 6D is a diagram showing the operating member inclined obliquely to the right. 
     The multi-way input switch of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 mainly comprises: a housing 2 constituting the outer casing and having an opening 1, through-holes 1a and so on; an operating member 3 partly protruding beyond the opening 1 and retained so as to be capable of being inclined in a number of directions; a base plate 4 equipped with four stationary contacts 4a-4d arranged around a point corresponding to the center of the operating member 3 at an equal angular interval of approximately 90°; a click rubber member 5 placed on the base plate 4; four rotating members 6a-6d arranged between the operating member 3 and the click rubber member 5; and a holding member 7 for holding the rotating member 6a-6d. The holding member 7 is secured inside the housing 2. Other operating members are attached to the through-holes 1a. 
     The click rubber member 5 has hollow protrusions 5a-5d, etc. protruding toward the operating member 3 and each having a space inside. The hollow protrusions 5a-5d are respectively positioned above the stationary contacts 4a-4d of the base plate 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the top end surface of each of the hollow protrusions 5a and 5c is formed as an upwardly swollen curved surface, and movable contacts 8a and 8c that are respectively opposed to the stationary contacts 4a and 4c are respectively provided on the inner side of the top end surface of each of the hollow protrusions 5a and 5c. Similarly, the top end surface of each of the hollow protrusions 5b and 5d is also formed as an upwardly swollen curved surface, and movable contacts 8b and 8d that are respectively opposed to the stationary contacts 4b and 4d are respectively provided on the inner side of the top end surface of each of the hollow protrusions 5b and 5d. 
     The operating member 3 is composed of a plastic operating knob 9 protruding beyond the opening 1, and a plastic base 10 attached to the lower side of the operating knob 9. As stated below, the operating knob 9 and the base 10 are formed as an integral unit. The operating knob 9 has four engagement sections 9a extending downwards from its periphery, and the surface of the operating knob 9 is formed as a concave surface having four arrows 9b indicating the operating directions of the operating member 3. The base 10 is molded as a one-piece member composed of a spherical section 11 arranged at the center, an inner annular section 12 joined to the spherical section 11, and an outer annular section 13 joined to the inner annular section 12. The outer annular section 13 has four elastic sections 13a respectively corresponding to the engagement sections 9a, and four driving sections 13b extending downwardly so as to respectively press the middle section of each of the rotating members 6a-6d. The engagement sections 9a and the elastic sections 13a are joined together by a snapping engagement, thereby integrally joining the operating knob 9a and the base 10 with each other. The spherical section 11 and the inner annular section 12 are joined together through the intermediation of joint sections 14, which extend from the spherical section 11 and radially arranged at equal angular intervals of approximately 90°. 
     The holding member 7 is molded as an integral unit consisting of an annular section 15 to be placed on the click rubber member 5 and an accommodating section 16 joined to the annular section 15 and adapted to accommodate the spherical section 11. The annular section 15 has four outward protrusions 15a, which are respectively engaged with engagement grooves 2a formed in the housing 2, whereby the holding member 7 is attached to the housing 2. Pyramidal protrusions 17a-17d, which abut the outer annular section 13 of the base 10 when the operating member 3 is inclined, are integrally formed on the annular section 15. As stated below, the range of inclination for the operating member 3 is restricted by these pyramidal protrusions 17a-17d. The rotating members 6a-6d are rotatably held by the annular section 15, each rotating member using the outer end portion thereof as a fulcrum in rotation. When the upper surface of the middle section of one of the rotating members 6a-6d is rotated by the operating member 3, the top end surface of the corresponding one of the hollow protrusions 5a-5d is pressed by the inner end portion of this rotating member. The rotating members 6a-6d and the protrusions 17a-17d are alternately arranged around the accommodating section 16 at an equal angular interval of approximately 90°. The inner surface of the accommodating section 16 is formed as a spherical surface having an inner diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the spherical section 11, and slits 16a for accommodating the joint section 14 of the operating member 3 are radially formed in the accommodating section 16 at an equal angular interval of approximately 90°. The accommodating section 16 accommodates the spherical section 11 to rotatably hold the spherical section 11. 
     In assembling this multi-way flipping switch, constructed as described above, the engagement members 9a are first snapped in the elastic members 13a, thereby integrally combining the operating knob 9 and the base 10 to complete the operating member 3. The rotating members 6a-6d are incorporated into the holding member 7, and the spherical section 11 of the operating member 3 is fitted into the accommodating section 16 of the holding member 7, thereby integrally joining the holding member 7 with the operating member 3. As a result, the joint sections 14 of the base 10 are fitted into the slits 16a of the accommodating section 16, and the operating knob 9 is prevented from circumferentially rotating around the spherical section 11, so that the indicating arrows 9b of the operating knob 9b are prevented from becoming out of alignment. Subsequently, the holding member 7 and the operating member 3, thus integrated, are incorporated into the housing 2, and the protrusions 15a of the holding member 7 are engaged with the engagement grooves 2a. By thus engaging the four protrusions 15a of the holding member 7 respectively with the engagement grooves 2a of the housing 2, the holding member 7 is secured in position with respect to the housing 2, so that it is possible to correctly position the holding member 7 with respect to the base plate 4 and the click rubber member 5 in the housing 2. 
     Next, the operation of this multi-way flipping switch, thus assembled, will be described. 
     FIG. 4 shows the non-operating state. In this condition, when the operator pushes a peripheral section of the operating knob 9, for example, the right-hand section thereof (as seen in the drawing), the operating member 3 is inclined clockwise as seen in FIG. 4 around the spherical section 11 since the spherical section 11 of the operating member 3 is held in the accommodating section 16. Thus, the pressed section (the right-hand section) of the operating knob 9 descends. As the pressed section descends, the driving member 13b on the right-hand side (as seen in the drawing) of the base 10 drives the middle section of the rotating member 6a, so that the rotating member 6a rotates counterclockwise by using the right-hand end thereof (FIG. 4), which is in contact with the annular section 15 of the holding member 7, as the rotation fulcrum. As a result, the hollow protrusion 5a of the click rubber member 5 is pressed by the other end of the rotating member 6a and thereby buckled. This buckling deformation of the hollow protrusion 5a generates a click feel. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 5, the movable contact 8a is brought into contact with the stationary contact 4a, as shown in FIG. 5. The stationary contact 4a is turned on through the movable contact 8a to conduct, thereby outputting a predetermined electric signal. When the operating knob 9 thus inclined is released, the lowered side of the operating member 3 is raised by the bounce of the hollow protrusion 5a of the click rubber member 5, transmitted through the rotating member 6a, and the operating member 3 is restored to the initial state shown in FIG. 4. As a result, the movable contact 8a, which has been in contact with the stationary contact 4a, is separated therefrom, whereby the non-conductive (OFF) state is restored. 
     Next, the range for inclination of the operating member 3 will be described. First, suppose the operating member 3 is inclined in one of the directions indicated by the arrows 9b on the surface of the operating knob 9 of the operating member 3. For example, when the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the rotating member 6b in accordance with the arrow 9b of the operating member 3, as shown in FIG. 6B, the hollow protrusion 5b is thereby pressed through the rotating member 6b, and the movable contact provided in the hollow protrusion 5b is brought into contact with the pair of stationary contacts 4b on the base plate 4, whereby the ON state is achieved. In this case, the operating member 3 is pressed at a position between the two protrusions 17a and 17b, so that the requisite stroke amount for the lower surface of the base 10 to be brought into contact with the protrusions 17a and 17b is relatively large. In this embodiment, when the operating member 3 has been inclined by approximately 6°, the lower surface of the base 10 abuts the protrusions 17a and 17b to block further inclination of the operating member 3. This also applies to the case in which, as shown in FIG. 6A, the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the rotating member 6a, and a case in which the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the rotating member 6c or 6d. 
     A case in which the operating member 3 is inclined in a direction deviated from the arrow 9b will be considered. For example, when, as shown in FIG. 6D, the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the protrusion 17a, which is deviated from the arrow 9b by 45°, the hollow protrusions 5a and 5b are pressed by the rotating members 6a and 6b, positioned on either side of the protrusion 17a. In this case, the operating member 3 is pressed at a position immediately above the protrusion 17a, so that the requisite stroke amount for the lower surface of the base 10 to abut against the protrusion 17a is small. In this embodiment, when the operating member 3 has been inclined by approximately 4°, the lower surface of the base 10 abuts the protrusion 17a to thereby block further inclination of the operating member 3. Thus, the pressing by the rotating members 6a and 6b is stopped before the hollow protrusions 5a and 5b have been buckled. The movable contacts 8a, etc., provided in the hollow protrusions 5a and 5b, are not brought into contact with the stationary contacts 4a and 4b, but kept in the OFF state. This also applies to the cases in which the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the protrusion 17b, 17c or 17d. 
     Thus, in the above-described embodiment, when the operating member 3 is inclined in an arbitrary direction indicated by one of the arrows 9b, for example, in the way as shown in FIG. 5, the middle section of the rotating member 6a, positioned in the direction of inclination, is driven to rotate on one end thereof and press the top end surface of the hollow protrusion 5a, so that, as is obvious from the principle of the lever, it is possible to set the requisite operating force for operating the operating member 3 at a level higher than the pressing force with which the top end surface of the hollow protrusion 5a is pressed. That is, in this embodiment, the operating member 3 does not directly press the click rubber member 5. Instead, the principle of the lever due to the rotating members 6a-6d is utilized, so that the durability of the click rubber member 5 can be enhanced even when the operating load of the click rubber member 5 is increased, which would otherwise lead to a deterioration in durability. Further, it is also possible to improve the operating feel. Further, when, as in the above case, the operating member 3 is inclined in the direction of the rotating member 6a, only the hollow protrusion 5a is pressed, with the other hollow protrusions not being pressed, so that an operating feel in one-to-one correspondence with the buckling of the hollow protrusion 5a is obtained, thereby achieving an improvement in operability. Further, since the operating member 3 is restored to the neutral position by utilizing the resilient force of the hollow protrusions 5a-5d, the click feel obtained upon the buckling of the hollow protrusion is not impaired by some other elastic member, so that the operating feel obtained upon the buckling can be made satisfactory. Further, by varying the resilient force of the click rubber member 5, the operating force of the operating member 3 can be easily changed. Further, when the operating member 3 is inclined by a predetermined angle, the rotation fulcrum and the pressing section of each of the rotating members 6a-6d respectively abut the annular section 15 of the holding member 7 and the hollow protrusions 5a-5d of the click rubber member 5 so as to block further rotation of the rotating members 6a-6d, thereby providing a stopper feel indicating the termination of the inclining operation, whereby the operating feel is stabilized. 
     In the above-described embodiment, when the operating member 3 is inclined in an arbitrary direction, the corresponding one of the rotating members 6a-6d rotates to press the top end surface of the corresponding one of the hollow protrusions 5a-5d. Since the top end surfaces of the hollow protrusions are not flat but formed as curved surfaces, the rotating members 6a-6d are in point contact with the hollow protrusions 5a-5d, the contact section moving with the rotation of the rotating members 6a-6d, whereby a directly downward pressing force is constantly applied to the hollow protrusions 5a-5d. Thus, the inner surfaces of the hollow protrusions 5a-5d are kept parallel with respect to the surface of the base plate 4 even when the hollow protrusions 5a-5d are in the buckled state. As a result, the movable contacts 8a, etc., provided in the hollow protrusions 5a-5d, are reliably brought into contact with the stationary contacts 4a-4d on the surface of the base plate 4, thereby providing a stable contact state. Further, due to the symmetrical configuration of the hollow protrusions 5a-5d, a satisfactory operating feel can be obtained when the hollow protrusions are buckled. In addition, the molding process for the click rubber member 5 is simplified, thereby attaining a reduction in production cost. 
     In the above-described embodiment, the range of inclination for the operating member 3 is restricted by the protrusions 17a-17d provided on the annular section 15 of the holding member 7, so that it is possible to prevent two or more pairs of contact sections from being simultaneously turned on. Further, since the protrusions 17a-17d are arranged above the click rubber member 5, the click rubber member 5 can cover the entire range of the base plate 4, including the stationary contacts 4a-4d, so that, even if some liquid, such as water or juice, intrudes the housing 2 through the openings 1, 1a, etc., the liquid does not reach the stationary contacts 4a-4d of the base plate 4 through the click rubber member 5, thus providing an enhanced waterproofness for the contact sections. Further, when the operating member 3 is to be inclined in two or more different directions, the operating member 3, inclined in one direction, need not be temporarily restored to the neutral position but can be directly and quickly inclined in the other direction. 
     In the above-described embodiment, the spherical section 11 of the base 10 is swingably held in the accommodating section 16 of the holding member 7, so that, although the operating member 3 can be operated to incline, the entire operating member 3 is not lowered even if the operating knob 9 is pushed directly downwards. This also helps to improve the operating feel. Further, since the joint sections 14 provided in the base 10 are inserted into the slits 16a, provided in the accommodating section 16, a free rotation of the operating member 3 is blocked, and a directionality as indicated by the arrows 9b can be imparted to the operating member 3. Further, since an appropriate elasticity can be imparted to the accommodating section 16 by the slits 16a, there is no play between the spherical section 11 and the accommodating section 16, thereby enabling the operating member 3 to be held without rattling. Further, by adopting such a construction, the positional relationship between the four driving members 13b on the side of the operating member 3 and the rotating members 6a-6d is automatically determined. Further, by engaging the four protrusions 15a of the holding member 7 with the engagement grooves 2a of the housing 2, the holding member 7 is positioned with respect to the base plate 4 and the click rubber member 5 inside the housing 2, thereby enhancing the positional accuracy of the power transmission system which extends from the operating member 3 to the hollow protrusions 5a-5d through the rotating members 6a-6d, thereby stabilizing the requisite operating force for the operating member 3. 
     Although the above embodiment has been described with reference to a 4-way switch using four pairs of switching elements composed of stationary contacts 4a-4d, movable contacts 8a, 8c, etc., the number of pairs of switching elements is not limited to that in the above example. The present invention is also applicable to, for example, a 2-way switch using two pairs of switching elements. Further, while the above embodiment has been described with reference to a case in which the protrusions 17a-17d are provided on the annular section 15 of the holding member 7, it is also possible for the protrusions 17a-17d to be provided on the lower surface of the base 10, instead of on the annular section 15, or appropriately divide them between the annular section 15 and the base 10. Such an arrangement also provides the same effect as in the above-described case. 
     As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to set the inclining force of the operating member at a level higher than that of the pressing force for pressing the hollow protrusions of the click rubber member. Further, since the click feel caused by the buckling of the hollow protrusions is not impaired, it is possible to achieve an improvement in operability. Further, in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to enhance the stability in contact between the movable and stationary contacts, and, at the same time, simplify the click rubber member molding process to thereby achieve a reduction in production cost and an improvement in operating feel. Further, in accordance with the present invention, it is possible to prevent two or more pairs of switching elements from being simultaneously turned on while securing the requisite waterproofness for contact sections. Further, when the operating member is to be inclined in two or more different directions, the inclining operations can be quickly executed.