Patent Publication Number: US-2020279471-A1

Title: Activating an alarm if a living being is present in an enclosed space with ambient temperature outside a safe temperature range

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/119,241, filed Aug. 31, 2018, entitled “ACTIVATING AN ALARM IF A LIVING BEING IS PRESENT IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE WITH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OUTSIDE A SAFE TEMPERATURE RANGE”, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/555,877, filed Sep. 5, 2017, entitled “ACTIVATING AN ALARM IF A LIVING BEING IS PRESENT IN AN ENCLOSED SPACE WITH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OUTSIDE A SAFE TEMPERATURE RANGE”, which is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/US15/18865, filed on Mar. 5, 2015, which are all incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND 
     Passive thermal sensors may detect electromagnetic radiation, such as infrared light, from objects in their field of view. Passive thermal sensors placed in vehicles or around residences may be used to detect the presence of humans or animals. Passive thermal sensors may also be used to determine the ambient temperature of an environment. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The following detailed description references the drawings, wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a block diagram of an example system for activating an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures; 
         FIG. 2  is a block diagram of an example system for determining whether a living being is present in an enclosed space; 
         FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an example device that includes a machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions to enable activation of an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures; 
         FIG. 4  is a block diagram of an example device that includes a machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions to enable communication with an emergency service if a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures; 
         FIG. 5  is a flowchart of an example method for activating an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures; and 
         FIG. 6  is a flowchart of an example method for notifying an emergency service if a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     Passive thermal sensors may be used to detect the presence of living beings. As used herein, the term “passive thermal sensor” should be understood to refer to a sensor that detects and/or measures electromagnetic radiation in the sensor&#39;s field of view without generating or radiating any energy for detection or measurement purposes. Examples of passive thermal sensors include passive infrared detectors and pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors. As used herein, the term “living being” should be understood to refer to a human or animal. 
     Living beings with limited mobility and/or physical capabilities may be left unattended in enclosed spaces. For example, pets, young children, or elderly people may be left unattended in a car while the driver of the car runs an errand. As used herein, the term “enclosed space” should be understood to refer to a receptacle, room, or vehicle that can fit a living being. Examples of enclosed spaces include cars, pet containers, and hospital rooms. Over time, the ambient temperature in an enclosed space may rise or drop to a level that is unsafe for a living being inside the enclosed space. For example, on a hot summer day, the temperature inside a car may rise quickly after the car engine is turned off, putting a pet or child left in the car at risk of heat stroke if the driver of the car leaves for more than a few minutes. The pet or child may not be able to open the car doors or windows, and may not be able to call for help. In light of the above, the present disclosure provides for automatic activation of an alarm if a living being is in an enclosed space with an unsafe ambient temperature for a certain period of time. Thus, an entity outside the enclosed space may be notified of the potential harm to the living being, and may remove the living being from the enclosed space and/or restore the ambient temperature to a safe temperature before adverse effects set in. 
     Referring now to the figures,  FIG. 1  is a block diagram of an example system  100  for activating an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. System  100  may be implemented in an enclosed space, such as, but not limited to, a vehicle, a pet container, or a room in a medical facility, in  FIG. 1 , system  100  includes sensor set  102 , sensor set  104 , timing module  108 , and alarm module  108 . As used herein, the terms “include”, “have”, and “compose” are interchangeable and should be understood to have the same meaning. A module may include a set of instructions encoded on a machine-readable storage medium and executable by a processor. In addition or as an alternative, a module may include a hardware device comprising electronic circuitry for implementing the functionality described below. 
     Sensor set  102  may determine whether a living being is present in an enclosed space. In some implementations, sensor set  102  may detect motion to determine whether a living being is present in an enclosed space. Sensor set  102  may be sensitive to very small motions, such that movement resulting from a living being breathing may be detected, in some implementations, sensor set  102  may determine relative or absolute temperatures in its field of view. 
     Sensor set  104  may determine whether an ambient temperature of the enclosed space is outside a safe temperature range. A safe temperature range may foe a range of ambient temperatures that do not pose a health risk to a living being. Sensor set  104  may be programmed with a default safe temperature range. In some implementations, the safe temperature range may be modified by a person associated with the enclosed space (e.g., a driver of a vehicle if the enclosed space is a vehicle, an owner of the pet inside a pet container if the enclosed space is a pet container, a doctor or nurse if the enclosed space is a room in a medical facility). Different living beings may have different safe temperature ranges, and a safe temperature range may be adjusted based on what type of living being system  100  will be used for. For example, a pet dog may have a higher average body temperature than a human baby, and thus the maximum temperature of a safe temperature range for the dog may be higher than the maximum temperature of a safe temperature range for the baby. 
     Sensor sets  102  and  104  may include passive thermal sensors. For example, sensor sets  102  and  104  may include pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensors. Any passive thermal sensor suitable for detecting the presence of a living being and/or determining an ambient temperature may be used. Each of sensor sets  102  and  104  may include one passive thermal sensor, or multiple passive thermal sensors. For example, if sensor set  102  is inside a car, sensor set  102  may include multiple sensors so that the car&#39;s front seats, back seats, and the floors in front of the front and back seats are in the collective field of view of (i.e., the combination of the fields of view of all sensors in) sensor set  102 . Sensor sets  102  and  104  may have different numbers of sensors. 
     Timing module  106  may be communicatively coupled.to sensor sets  102  and  104 . Timing module  106  may determine whether a living being has been present in an enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside a safe temperature range, for a threshold amount of time. In some implementations, timing module  106  may (periodically) receive data from sensor sets  102  and  104  indicating whether a living being is present and whether the ambient temperature is outside the safe temperature range, respectively. Timing module  106  may determine, based on such data, whether both the conditions of a living being&#39;s presence and an ambient temperature outside the safe temperature range have been concurrently satisfied continuously for the threshold amount of time. In some implementations, a default threshold amount of time may be programmed into timing module  106 , and may be modified by a person associated with the enclosed space (e.g., a vehicle/pet owner, medical staff). 
     Alarm module  108  may be communicatively coupled to timing module  108 . Alarm module  108  may activate an alarm if a living being has been present in an enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside the safe temperature range, for the threshold amount of time. The alarm may draw the attention of a person outside the enclosed space so that the living being can be removed from the enclosed space and/or the ambient temperature of the enclosed space can be raised/lowered to a temperature within the safe temperature range, preventing harm that the living being may have suffered due to extreme temperatures. 
     In some implementations, the activated alarm may include flashing lights along an exterior surface of the enclosed space. For example, if the enclosed space is a vehicle, alarm module  108  may flash the vehicle&#39;s headlights and/or tail lights to attract attention to the living being inside the vehicle. If the enclosed space is a pet container, alarm module  108  may be communicatively coupled to lights attached to an outer surface of the container, and may flash such lights if an animal has been present inside the container, and the ambient temperature of the container has been outside a safe temperature range, for a threshold amount of time, in some implementations, the lights may flash in the pattern of a distress signal (e.g., “SOS” in Morse code). If the enclosed space is a vehicle, the vehicle&#39;s lights and horn may be flashed and sounded, respectively, in the pattern of a distress signal. Such a pattern may be different than the pattern used when the vehicle&#39;s theft alarm is triggered by forced entry, such that bystanders can differentiate between the vehicle being stolen and someone/something inside the car being at risk of overheating/hypothermia. 
     In some implementations, the activated alarm may include playing a prerecorded message through a speaker along an exterior surface of the enclosed space. For example if the enclosed space is a vehicle or pet container, the prerecorded message may say that a person or animal inside the vehicle or pet container is in danger from extreme temperatures. Alarm module  108  may be programmed with a default message, and in some implementations, a custom message may be pre-recorded (e.g., by a vehicle/pet owner). 
     In some implementations, the activated alarm may include a text or audio alert transmitted from alarm module  108  to a user device of a person associated with the enclosed space. For example, if the enclosed space is a vehicle, alarm module  108  may send a text message to a smartphone carried by the owner of the vehicle, or call the smartphone with a pre-recorded message that may be left as a voicemail if the owner does not answer the call. Alternatively or in addition, alarm module  108  may cause the smartphone or other user device to beep or vibrate to attract the owner&#39;s attention. In some examples, the enclosed space may be a pet container, and the person associated with the enclosed space may be the owner of the pet inside the pet container. Alarm module  108  may call, text, and/or otherwise activate a user device carried by the pet owner, as discussed above. In some examples, the enclosed space may be a room inside a medical facility, and the person associated with the enclosed space may be a staff member (e.g., doctor or nurse) who works in the facility. Alarm module  108  may text or call a smartphone carried by the staff member, or cause a pager carried by the staff member to beep or vibrate. Any other suitable form of notification may be used. 
     In some implementations, alarm module  108  may automatically contact an emergency service if the person associated with the enclosed space does not respond to the text or audio alert within a response time interval after the text or audio alert is transmitted to the user device. The person may respond to the text or audio alert by, for example, answering a call, listening to a voicemail, or opening a text message transmitted by alarm module  108 . If the person does not respond within the response time interval, alarm module  108  may contact, for example, a police station, emergency medical technician (EMT) unit, or hospital near the enclosed space, in some implementations, alarm module  108  may use Global Positioning System (GPS) capabilities, if available in the enclosed space (e.g., GPS device built into a car), to determine which emergency service to contact (e.g., alarm module  108  may determine the location of the enclosed space and contact the nearest emergency service), and may transmit GPS coordinates of the enclosed space to the emergency service that is contacted. In some implementations, alarm module  108  may contact an entity that can access and/or control the ambient temperature of the enclosed space. For example, if the enclosed space is a pet container in the cargo area of an airplane, alarm module  108  may contact the cockpit of the airplane and/or a flight control system. 
     In some implementations, sensor sets  102  and  104 , timing module  106 , and alarm module  108  may all be in an enclosed space. In some implementations, sensor sets  102  and  104  may be in an enclosed space, and timing module  108  and/or alarm module  108  may be in a remote location from the enclosed space. For example, timing module  106  and/or alarm module  108  may be implemented in a remote server that is communicatively coupled to sensor sets  102  and  104 . in some implementations, timing module  108  and alarm module  108  may be in different remote locations. In some implementations, alarm module  108  may activate a combination of the alarms described above. 
       FIG. 2  is a block diagram of an example system  200  for determining whether a living being is present in an enclosed space. System  200  may be implemented in an enclosed space, such as, but not limited to, a vehicle, a pet container, or a room in a medical facility, in  FIG. 2 , system  200  includes sensor set  202 , sensor set  204 , timing module  206 , alarm module  208 , and timer  212 . Sensor sets  202  and  204  may include passive thermal sensors. A module may include a set of instructions encoded on a machine-readable storage medium and executable by a processor, in addition or as an alternative, a module may include a hardware device comprising electronic circuitry for implementing the functionality described below. Timing module  206  and alarm module  208  may be analogous to (e.g., have functions and/or components similar to) timing module  106  and alarm module  108 , respectively, of  FIG. 1 . 
     Sensor set  202  may determine whether a living being is present in an enclosed space. Sensor set  204  may determine whether an ambient temperature of the enclosed space is outside a safe temperature range. Sensor sets  202  and  204  may perform any of the functions discussed above with respect to sensor sets  102  and  104 , respectively, of  FIG. 1 . In some implementations, sensor sets  202  and  204  may determine absolute temperatures in the respective fields of view of sensor sets  202  and  204 . Timing module  206  may be communicatively coupled to sensor sets  202  and  204 , and may determine whether a temperature of the living being and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space diverge for a predetermined amount of time, if the temperature of the living being and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space diverge for the predetermined amount of time, alarm module  208  may activate an alarm. Such a temperature divergence within the predetermined amount of time may indicate that the ambient temperature of the enclosed space is changing too quickly for the living being to adjust, and thus the living being may be in danger. The activated alarm may take any or a combination of the forms discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
     In some implementations, sensor set  202  may include presence determination module  210 . Presence determination module  210  may determine temperatures in different areas of a field of view of sensor set  202 . Presence determination module  210  may identify an area of the field of view that has a different temperature than other areas of the field of view, and determine whether the identified area includes a living being. For example, presence determination module  210  may identify a region of the field of view that has a higher average temperature than other regions of the field of view, and determine that such a higher average temperature is consistent with the body temperature of a living being. 
     In some implementations, if sensor set  202  determines that a living being is present in an enclosed space, sensor set  202  may transmit, to timing module  208 , a signal indicative of the living being&#39;s presence. If sensor set  204  determines that the ambient temperature of the enclosed space is outside a safe temperature range, sensor set  204  may transmit, to timing module  208 , a signal indicative of the ambient temperature being outside the safe temperature range. In response to receiving the signal indicative of the living being&#39;s presence after receiving the signal indicative of the ambient temperature being outside the safe temperature range, or in response to receiving the signal indicative of the ambient temperature being outside the safe temperature range after receiving the signal indicative of the living being&#39;s presence, timing module  206  may start timer  212 . Alarm module  208  may activate an alarm if timer  212  indicates that a threshold amount of time has elapsed. Timer  212  may be, for example, a timer that counts down from a time equal to the threshold amount of time, or a timer that counts up from zero and triggers an alarm when the timer value is equal to the threshold amount of time. In some implementations, timer  212  may be built into timing module  208  or alarm module  208 . 
     In some implementations, sensor sets  202  and  204 , timing module  206 , alarm module  208 , and timer  212  may all be in an enclosed space. In some implementations, sensor sets  202  and  204  may be in an enclosed space, and timing module  208 , alarm module  208 , and/or timer  212  may be in a remote location from the enclosed space. For example, timing module  208 , alarm module  208 , and/or timer  212  may be implemented in a remote server that is communicatively coupled to sensor sets  202  and  204 . In some implementations, timing module  206 , alarm module  208 , and timer  212  may be in different remote locations. 
       FIG. 3  is a block diagram of an example device  300  that includes a machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions to enable activation of an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. In some implementations, device  300  may be a computing device in an enclosed space. For example, device  300  may be implemented in a vehicle&#39;s theft alarm system, or may be a mobile device (e.g., mobile phone, tablet computing device) in the vehicle or in another enclosed space, such as, but not limited to, a pet container or a room in a medical facility, in some implementations, device  300  may be implemented in a computing device that is remote from an enclosed space, but that is communicatively coupled to sensors in the enclosed space. For example, device  300  may be implemented in a remote server. In  FIG. 3 , device  300  includes processor  302  and machine-readable storage medium  304 . 
     Processor  302  may include a central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor (e.g., semiconductor-based microprocessor), and/or other hardware device suitable for retrieval and/or execution of instructions stored in machine-readable storage medium  304 . Processor  302  may fetch, decode, and/or execute instructions  306  and  308  to enable activation of an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures, as described below. As an alternative or in addition to retrieving and/or executing instructions, processor  302  may include an electronic circuit comprising a number of electronic components for performing the functionality of instructions  308  and/or  308 . 
     Machine-readable storage medium  304  may be any suitable electronic, magnetic, optical, or other physical storage device that contains or stores executable instructions. Thus, machine-readable storage medium  304  may include, for example, a random-access memory (RAM), an Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), a storage device, an optical disc, and the like. In some implementations, machine-readable storage medium  304  may include a non-transitory storage medium, where the term “non-transitory” does not encompass transitory propagating signals. As described in detail below, machine-readable storage medium  304  may be encoded with a set of executable instructions  308  and  308 . 
     Instructions  306  may determine whether a living being has been present in an enclosed space, and an ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside a safe temperature range, for a threshold amount of time. For example, instructions  306  may determine, based on data received from various passive thermal sensors (e.g., sensor sets  102  and  104 , or sensor sets  202  and  204 ), whether both the conditions of a living being&#39;s presence and an ambient temperature outside the safe temperature range have been concurrently satisfied continuously for the threshold amount of time. Instructions  306  may use a default threshold amount of time, or a threshold amount of time set by a person associated with the enclosed space (e.g., a vehicle/pet owner, medical staff). 
     Instructions  308  may activate an alarm. For example, the alarm may be activated if the living being has been present in the enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside the safe temperature range, for the threshold amount of time. The alarm may take any or a combination of the forms discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 4  is a block diagram of an example device  400  that includes a machine-readable storage medium encoded with instructions to enable communication with an emergency service if a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. In some implementations, device  400  may be a computing device in an enclosed space. For example, device  400  may be implemented in a vehicle&#39;s theft alarm system, or may be a mobile device (e.g., mobile phone, tablet computing device) in the vehicle or in another enclosed space, such as, but not limited to, a pet container or a room in a medical facility. In some implementations, device  400  may be implemented in a computing device that is remote from an enclosed space, but that is communicatively coupled to sensors in the enclosed space. For example, device  400  may be implemented in a remote server. In  FIG. 4 , device  400  includes processor  402  and machine-readable storage medium  404 . 
     As with processor  302  of  FIG. 3 , processor  402  may include a CPU, microprocessor (e.g., semiconductor-based microprocessor), and/or other hardware device suitable for retrieval and/or execution of instructions stored in machine-readable storage medium  404 . Processor  402  may fetch, decode, and/or execute instructions  406 ,  408 ,  410 , and  412  to enable communication with an emergency service if a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures, as described below. As an alternative or in addition to retrieving and/or executing instructions, processor  402  may include an electronic circuit comprising a number of electronic components for performing the functionality of instructions  406 ,  408 ,  410 , and/or  412 . 
     As with machine-readable storage medium  304  of  FIG. 3 , machine-readable storage medium  404  may be any suitable physical storage device that stores executable instructions. Instructions  406  and  408  on machine-readable storage medium  404  may be analogous to instructions  306  and  308 , respectively, on machine-readable storage medium  304 . In some implementations, instructions  408  may transmit a text or audio alert to a user device of a person associated with an enclosed space to notify the person that a living being in the enclosed space is in danger because of extreme temperatures in the enclosed space. Instructions  410  may contact an emergency service if the person associated with the enclosed space does not respond to the text or audio alert within a response time interval after the text or audio alert is transmitted to the user device. The response time interval may be a default response time interval, or may be set by the person associated with the enclosed space. The emergency service may be, for example, a police station, emergency medical technician (EMT) unit, or hospital near the enclosed space. In some implementations, instructions  410  may transmit geographical coordinates (e.g., GPS coordinates) of the enclosed space to the emergency service, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
     Instructions  412  may start a timer in response to receiving a signal indicative of a living being&#39;s presence in an enclosed space after receiving a signal indicative of the ambient temperature of the enclosed space being outside a safe temperature range, or in response to receiving the signal indicative of the ambient temperature being outside the safe temperature range after receiving the signal indicative of the living being&#39;s presence. The timer (e.g., timer  212 ) may count down or count up to a threshold amount of time, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 2 . Instructions  408  may activate an alarm if the timer indicates that the threshold amount of time has elapsed. The activated alarm may take any or a combination of the forms discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
     Methods related to triggering alarms for living beings present in enclosed spaces with extreme temperatures are discussed with respect to  FIGS. 5-6 .  FIG. 5  is a flowchart of an example method  500  for activating an alarm when a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. Although execution of method  500  is described below with reference to processor  302  of  FIG. 3 , it should be understood that execution of method  500  may be performed by other suitable devices, such as processor  402  of  FIG. 4 . Method  500  may be implemented in the form of executable instructions stored on a machine-readable storage medium and/or in the form of electronic circuitry. 
     Method  500  may start in block  502 , where processor  302  may receive, from a first sensor set, presence data indicative of whether a living being is present in an enclosed space. For example, processor  302  may receive presence data from sensor set  102  or  202 . In some implementations, the first sensor set may include passive thermal sensors. 
     In block  504 , processor  302  may receive, from a second sensor set, ambient temperature data indicative of whether an ambient temperature of the enclosed space is outside a safe temperature range. For example, processor  302  may receive presence data from sensor set  104  or  204 , In some implementations, the second sensor set may include passive thermal sensors. Although block  504  is shown below block  502  in  FIG. 5 , it should be understood that elements of block  504  may be performed before or in parallel with elements of block  502 . 
     In block  506 , processor  302  may determine, based on the presence data and ambient temperature data, whether the living being has been present in the enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside the safe temperature range, for a threshold amount of time. In some implementations, processor  302  may use a timer to make such a determination, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 2 . If, in block  508 , processor  302  determines either that the living being has not been present in the enclosed space for the threshold amount of time, or that the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has not been outside the safe temperature range for the threshold amount of time, method  500  may loop back to block  502 . 
     If, in block  506 , processor  302  determines that the living being has been present m the enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside the safe temperature range, for the threshold amount of time, method  500  may proceed to block  508 , in which processor  302  may activate an alarm. The activated alarm may take any or a combination of the forms discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 , in some implementations, the enclosed space may be a vehicle, and activating the alarm may Include activating an alarm system of the vehicle, in some implementations, activating the alarm system of the vehicle may include using lights and a horn of the vehicle to transmit a distress signal, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
       FIG. 6  is a flowchart of an example method  600  for notifying an emergency service if a living being in an enclosed space is subject to extreme temperatures. Although execution of method  600  is described below with reference to processor  402  of  FIG. 4 , it should be understood that execution of method  600  may be performed by other suitable devices, such as processor  302  of  FIG. 3 . Some blocks of method  600  may be performed in parallel with and/or after method  500 , Method  600  may be implemented in the form of executable instructions stored on a machine-readable storage medium and/or in the form of electronic circuitry. 
     Method  600  may start in block  602 , where processor  402  may transmit a text or audio alert to a user device of a person associated with an enclosed space. The text or audio alert may comprise an alarm that is activated when a living being has been present in an enclosed space, and the ambient temperature of the enclosed space has been outside a safe temperature range, for a threshold amount of time. The person associated with the enclosed space may be, for example, a pet/vehicle owner or medical staff, and the user device may be, for example, a pager or smartphone, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
     In block  604 , processor  402  may determine whether the person associated with the enclosed space has responded to the text or audio alert within a response time interval after the text or audio alert is transmitted to the user device. For example, processor  402  may determine whether the person answered a call, listened to a voicemail, or opened a text message transmitted by processor  402 . If, in block  604 , processor  402  determines that the person has responded within the response time interval, method  600  may proceed to block  610 , in which processor  402  may reset an alarm. For example, processor  402  may stop a user device from beeping or vibrating, and/or stop a vehicle&#39;s lights and horn from flashing and sounding, respectively, in some implementations, processor  402  may reset a timer (e.g., timer  212 ). 
     If, in block  604 , processor  402  determines that the person associated with the enclosed space has not responded to the text or audio alert within the response time interval, method  600  may proceed to block  608 , in which processor  402  may automatically notify an emergency service about the living being in the enclosed space. The emergency service may be. for example, a police station, an EMT unit, or a hospital, in block  608 , processor  402  may transmit, to the emergency service, location information for the enclosed space. For example, processor  402  may transmit GPS coordinates of the enclosed space to the emergency service, as discussed above with respect to  FIG. 1 . 
     The foregoing disclosure describes automatic activation of an alarm if a living being is in an enclosed space with an unsafe ambient temperature for a certain period of time. Example implementations described herein enable an entity outside the enclosed space to be notified of the potential harm to the living being due to extreme temperatures, so that appropriate action may be taken to prevent such harm.