Patent Publication Number: US-7916246-B2

Title: Color filtering device for improved brightness

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/745,436, filed on Dec. 23, 2003 which relies for priority upon Korean Patent Application No. 2002-87957 filed on Dec. 31, 2002, the contents of which are herein incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to a display device and more particularly to a color filtering member in the display device. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     An LCD apparatus generally includes an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and liquid crystals interposed between the any substrate and the color filter substrate. The liquid crystals have an anisotropic dielectric constant such that the LCD apparatus can display images by in response to variations in the electric field that is applied to the liquid crystals. The liquid crystals transmit different amounts of light depending on the intensity of the applied electric field. 
     LCD apparatus can generally be classified into three types: 1) a reflective type LCD apparatus that uses an external light, 2) a transmissive type LCD apparatus that uses an internal light, and 3) a trans-reflective type LCD apparatus that uses both external and internal lights. 
       FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional transreflective type LCD apparatus. 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , the conventional transreflective type LCD includes an array substrate  110 , a color filter substrate  190  and liquid crystal interposed between the array substrate  110  and the color filter substrate  190 . 
     The array substrate  110  includes a thin film transistor  120  formed on a surface of the array substrate  110 . The color filter substrate  190  includes a common electrode  180 . 
     The thin film transistor  120  includes a gate electrode  122 , gate-insulation layers  123  and  124 , an active pattern  125 , a source electrode  126  and a drain electrode  127 . 
     A transparent material, such as an acrylic organic layer  130 , is formed on the thin film transistor  120  and the array substrate  140  with a predetermined thickness. In order to improve the brightness of the device, a surface of the acrylic organic layer  130  (e.g., the upper surface as shown in  FIG. 1 ) is patterned to enhance diffusion of light. For example, the surface may be formed with concave and/or convex portions. Also, the acrylic organic layer  130  has an opening that exposes the drain electrode  127 . 
     A transmissive electrode  140  for transmitting internal light and a reflective electrode  160  for reflecting external light are successively formed on the acrylic organic layer  130 . An insulating layer  150  is formed between the transmissive electrode  140  and the reflective electrode  160 . The reflective electrode  160  and the insulating layer  150  are deposited discontinuously to form an opening  165  through which internal light is transmitted. The transmissive electrode  140  typically includes ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) or IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide), and the reflective electrode  160  typically includes aluminum or aluminum-neodymium alloy. 
     The color filter substrate  190  having the common electrode  180  is disposed on the array substrate  110  and the liquid crystal  170  is positioned between the array substrate  110  and the color filter substrate  190  to form a transreflective type LCD. 
     Popular uses for LCDs include portable or handheld applications. While handheld applications generally require low power consumption due to their reliance on batteries as the power source, it is also desirable to provide high brightness, which increases power consumption. In order to satisfy these two demands that conflict with each other, a new method of lowering power consumption without sacrificing brightness level is desired. 
     Various methods have been adopted in an attempt to enhance brightness without significantly increasing power consumption. For example, the number of lamps or optical sheets that are used with an internal light source have been increased, the twist angle of liquid crystals has been varied, and black matrix has been removed from the color filter substrate. A black matrix is a light-shielding film that is typically positioned between different-colored pixels to keep the colors clearly separated. However, these methods tend to be accompanied by one or more undesirable side effects, such as an increased cost of manufacture or lowered contrast ratio, both of which adversely affect the reliability of an LCD apparatus. 
       FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view of a currently available color filter substrate that does not include black matrix. The color filter substrate  200  of  FIG. 2  includes an intercepting region  220 , such as a black matrix, and a color filter  230  having R, G and B color filters  232   a ,  234   a  and  236   a . The intercepting region  220  is formed on an area surrounding a display area, which is where the R, G and B color filters  232   a ,  234   a  and  236   a  are formed. While the intercepting regions that are typically located between the R, G and B color filters  232   a ,  234   a  and  236   a  are removed from the color filter substrate  200 , the effect of the intercepting regions is achieved by partially overlapping the R, G and B color filter  232   a ,  234   a  and  236   a  that are adjacent to each other. The overlapped portions of the color filters function as the black matrix, thereby improving the brightness of the LCD apparatus. 
     The color filter substrate  200  includes a planarizing layer  240  formed on the color filter  230  to provide a substantially flat surface. The planarizing layer  240  is needed partly because the surface formed by the partially-overlapping color filters is more rugged than what is desirable for formation of the common electrode  250 . Once a desired level of flatness is achieved by deposition of the planarizing layer  240 , a common electrode  250  formed on the planarizing layer  240 . A spacer  262  is formed on the common electrode  250  for maintaining a uniform colorless gap between the color filter substrate  200  and an array substrate  110  (see  FIG. 1 ) when the two substrates are combined. 
     As shown in  FIG. 2 , however, the planarizing layer  240  does not provide an even surface that is desired for deposition of the common electrode  250 . When the color filter substrate  200  having a non-flat surface is assembled into an LCD apparatus, light tends to leak through the sloped portions of the common electrode  250 , reducing the brightness level. In order to achieve the goal of improving brightness without a significant increase in the power consumption level, methods are needed to minimize this light leakage. 
     BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention includes a color filtering device for improving brightness and a display device made with such color filtering member. The color filtering device includes a substrate with a first colored region and a second colored region formed thereon, wherein the second colored region is positioned a predetermined distance away from the first colored region in a first direction, forming a colorless gap. The colorless gap between the first and second colored regions to functions as a black-and-white region for transmitting white light. A third colored region is formed on the substrate such that it is positioned away from the first colored region in a second direction. An intercepting region is positioned between the first colored region and the third colored region, and the first and the third colored regions have different lengths. “Length” is the distance from the intercepting region to an edge of the colored region that is farthest from the intercepting region. A planarizing layer is deposited on the colorless gap and the first and the second colored regions. 
     In another aspect, the invention includes a display device that includes the above color filtering device. An exemplary embodiment of the display device includes a first substrate, a first colored region formed on the first substrate, and a second colored region formed on the first substrate, wherein the second colored region is positioned a predetermined distance away from the first colored region in a first direction, thereby forming a colorless gap between the first and second colored regions for transmitting white light substantially without wavelength-based filtration. A third colored region is formed on the substrate positioned away from the first colored region in a second direction. An intercepting region is positioned between the first colored region and the third colored region for separating the first and the third colored regions. A first planarizing layer is deposited on the colorless gap and on the first and the second colored regions. A second substrate is coupled to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. Signal lines and transistors are formed on the second substrate. The first colored region and the second colored region are aligned along a first direction with the colorless gap separating the first colored region and the second colored region. The first and third colored regions have different lengths, wherein the length is the distance from the intercepting region to an edge of a colored region that is farthest from the intercepting region. 
     The invention also includes making the above color filtering device. The method includes forming colored regions on a substrate, forming black-and-white regions on the substrate such that the black-and-white regions separate the colored regions that are arranged along a first direction. Each of the black-and-white regions comprises a colorless gap for transmitting white light. The method also includes forming an interception region for separating the colored regions that are arranged in a second direction. The intercepting region substantially blocks light, and the colored regions that are separated by the intercepting region have different lengths. “Length” is measured from the intercepting region to an edge of a colored region that is farthest away from the intercepting region. A first planarizing layer is deposited on the colored regions and the black-and-white regions such that the first planarizing layer is adjacent to the substrate in the colorless gap. 
     Another method of making a color filtering device includes forming a first colored region on a substrate, forming a second colored region on the substrate, and forming an intercepting region on the substrate such that the intercepting region separates the first and the second colored regions. The intercepting region is positioned such that the first colored region is longer than of the second colored region “Length” is a distance from the intercepting region to an edge of a colored region that is farthest from the intercepting region. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The above and other advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent by reference to the following detailed description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein: 
         FIG. 1  is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional transreflective type LCD apparatus; 
         FIG. 2  is a cross-sectional view showing a currently available color filter substrate from which a black matrix is removed; 
         FIGS. 3A and 3B  are cross-sectional views of a color filter substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of a color filter substrate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional view showing an LCD device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 6  is a schematic view showing a color filter substrate according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention; 
         FIG. 7A  is a schematic view showing an LCD apparatus for preventing leakage of light; 
         FIG. 7B  is a cross-sectional view of the LCD apparatus shown in  FIG. 7A ; and 
         FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view of an LCD apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     As used herein, a first material being “formed on” a second material means the first and the second material are physically coupled, directly or indirectly. A “step difference,” as used herein, indicates the degree of unevenness of a surface caused by underlying regions&#39; having different thicknesses. “White light,” as used herein, refers to light that appears substantially colorless to the naked eye, usually having a wide range of wavelengths. 
       FIGS. 3A and 3B  are cross-sectional views showing a method of fabricating a color filter substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In  FIGS. 3A and 3B , a color filter substrate that reduces the step difference between color filters will be described. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 3A and 3B , a color filtering member  300  includes a first substrate  310 , a color filter layer  330  having a plurality of color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b , a black matrix  320 , a first planarizing layer  340  and a second planarizing layer  350 . The first substrate  310  may include an insulating layer. Black matrix  320  is formed along the outer edges of the insulating layer  310 . The color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b , which selectively transmit light based on its wavelength, form a colored region on the first substrate  310 . A colorless gap between the colored regions, such as the colorless gap between the color filter  336   a  and the color filter  332   b  of  FIG. 3A  where the first substrate  310  is exposed, forms a black-and-white region that transmits light without wavelength-based filtration. 
     The boundaries of the black-and-white region are defined by the color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b . In order to improve the contrast ratio of the displayed image, the adjacently positioned color filters are partially overlapped. The overlapped portions of the color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  effectively function as the black matrix  320 . 
     To reduce the step difference caused by the color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  and the black-and-white region, the first planarizing layer  340  is formed over the insulating substrate  310 . In this exemplary embodiment, the first planarizing layer  340  may include a material having a low viscosity, such as an organic material, thereby preventing the color filter layer  300  from being damaged and a colorant of the color filter layer  300  from leaking/spreading. After the first planarizing layer is deposited (e.g., with a constant spin speed), the first planarizing layer is cured through a baking process. 
     As shown in  FIG. 3B , the second planarizing layer  350  is formed on the first planarizing layer  340  to further even out the first planarizing layer  340  and reduce the step difference. The second planarizing layer  350  may include a material having a low viscosity, such as the organic material, which may be the same as or different from the material used for the first planarizing layer  340 . 
     An alternative way of reducing the step difference entails using photolithography. However, the double-planarizing-layer method described above can achieve substantially the same result without additional photoresist and photolithography processes. 
       FIGS. 3A and 3B  are cross-sectional views of a color filtering member  300  including the color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  and the black-and-white region. These figures show the color filtering member  300  according to one embodiment of the invention wherein the black-and-white region is a colorless gap between neighboring colored regions. Since there is no layer between the first planarizing layer  340  and the first substrate  310  in the colorless gap, the step difference caused by the presence of the colorless gap is relatively large. Thus, even after depositing the first planarizing layer  340 , the surface of the planarizing layer  340  is still not sufficiently even to form an electrode thereon. The second planarizing layer  350  covers up the unevenness of the first planarizing layer  340  to achieve a sufficiently smooth surface. 
       FIG. 4  is a cross-sectional view of the color filtering member  300 ′ according to another embodiment of the present invention. The color filtering member  300 ′ includes components having substantially similar structure and function as in those of the color filtering member  300  of  FIGS. 3A and 3B , as indicated by the use of the same reference numerals. Unlike the color filtering member  300 , the color filtering member  300 ′ includes a white pixel  338   a  formed in the colorless gap between the neighboring colored regions. The white pixel  338   a  transmits substantially all incident light without wavelength-based filtration. The presence of the white pixel  338   a  reduces the step difference that needs to be compensated by the planarizing layers. In this embodiment, the fourth planarizing layer  352  may not be necessary because the white pixels  338   a  and  338   b  contribute to reducing the step difference. 
     In yet another embodiment, the colorless gap between the colored region is filled with an insulating block made of the a transparent insulating material, such as the material that is used for the planarizing layer  340 . This insulating block may be deposited by a well-known method such as spin coating and shaped to fill the colorless gap. Preferably, this insulating block is about the same height as the color filters, so that one planarizing layer can achieve a substantially flat surface. 
     The color filtering member  300 ′ includes the first substrate  310 , the color filter layer  330  having a colored region and a black-and-white region, a black matrix  320 , a third planarizing layer  342  and a fourth planarizing layer  352 . The third planarizing layer  342  and the fourth planarizing layer  352  may be made of the same material as the first and second planarizing layers  340 ,  350 , such as a low-viscosity organic material. The colored region includes first color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  for transmitting red, green, and blue colors. The color filters are prepared by mixing a transparent resin with a dye or a pigment, and the black-and-white region includes white pixels  338   a  and  338   b  having a transparent resin so as to define a white color. 
     The color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  are formed in the colored region of the substrate  310  and the white pixels  338   a  and  338   b  are formed on the black-and-white region of the substrate  310 . The black matrix  320  is formed near an edge of the first substrate  310  but not between the color filters  332   a ,  334   a ,  336   a ,  332   b ,  334   b  and  336   b  and the white pixels  338   a  and  338   b . The white pixels  338   a  and  338   b  partially overlap the neighboring color filters to form a “separation region” that functions like a black matrix, thus improving the contrast ratio. 
       FIG. 5  is a cross-sectional of an a liquid crystal display (LCD) apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to  FIG. 5 , an LCD apparatus includes a color filtering member  300 , an array member  400 , liquid crystal interposed between the color filtering member  300  and the any member  400 , and a backlight assembly (not shown) disposed under the array member  400  to generate an artificial light. The color filtering member  300  includes a first substrate  310 , which is a transparent substrate with or without an insulating layer. The color filtering member  300  also includes a black matrix (not shown) formed on the first substrate  310 , color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a , a first planarizing layer  340 , a second planarizing layer  350 , and a transparent electrode layer  360 . 
     The black matrix may be an intercepting region or a black mask, and is formed along a portion of the first substrate  310  to intercept light passing through an area that frames what is generally considered to be the display area. 
     Each of the color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a  is associated with a specific color and includes a transparent resin using a colorant, such as a dye or a pigment. The color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a  may be associated with the three primary colors (red, green, and blue), or complementary colors. 
     The first planarizing layer  340  is formed over the transparent substrate  310  to coat the color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a , thereby protecting the color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a  from various environmental factors and physical forces. The planarizing layer  340  also helps contain the colorant in the color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a , preventing the colorant from undesirably spreading to neighboring parts. 
     The second planarizing layer  350  is formed on the first planarizing layer  340  to further even out the surface, substantially eliminating any bumps or dips caused by the step-difference between the first color filters  332   a ,  334   a  and  336   a  and the white pixel or the colorless gap. 
     The transparent electrode layer  360  including ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) is formed on the second planarizing layer  350 , which is even enough to allow the electrode formation. 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 5 , the color filtering member  300  may further include a transparent hardened passivation layer formed on the transparent electrode layer  360  so as to prevent upper and lower electrodes from being shorted due to impurities. The transparent hardened passivation layer includes SiO 2 , TiO 2  and so on. An alignment layer (not shown) including a polyimide resin is formed on the transparent hardened passivation layer and rubbed to align the liquid crystals. As is well known, the alignment of the crystals is set by the rubbing direction. 
     The array member  400  includes an insulating layer  405  and a plurality of gate lines (not shown) and data lines (not shown) formed thereon to create pixels arranged in a matrix configuration. Formation of gate lines and data lines is well known. Each of the pixels has a switching device, e.g., a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), that is connected to corresponding gate and data lines. The array member  400  is combined with the color filtering member  300  to contain the liquid crystal LC therebetween. 
     Particularly, a gate pattern including a single metal layer or a double metal layer having chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo) or molybdenum tungsten (MoW) is formed on the insulating substrate  405 . The gate pattern includes a gate line extending in one direction, a gate pad (not shown) connected to an end of the gate line so as to receive a scan signal from an external source and provide the scan signal to the gate line and a gate electrode  410  of the TFT. 
     The array member  400  includes a gate-insulation layer (not shown) including an inorganic material, such as silicon nitride, formed on the gate line and the insulating layer  405 . An active pattern  412  comprising polycrystalline silicon is formed on the gate-insulation layer corresponding to the gate electrode  410 . 
     The array member  400  includes a data pattern having a metal layer and formed on the active pattern  412  and the gate-insulation layer. The data pattern includes a first electrode (or a source electrode)  414  overlapping a first area of the active pattern, a second electrode (or a drain electrode)  416  overlapping a second area of the active pattern, a data line connected to the source electrode  414  and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the gate line extends, and a data pad (not shown) connected to an end of the data line to relay an image signal from an external source to the TFT. 
     The array member  400  includes an organic layer  420 , for example, such as an acrylic resin, formed on the data line and the gate-insulation layer with a predetermined thickness. The organic layer  420  includes a pattern (e.g., a pattern of convex and concave portions) formed on a surface thereof such that the surface of the acrylic organic layer  420  diffuses the light, thereby improving the brightness. Also, the organic layer  420  is provided with a via-hole  417  by partially opening the organic layer  420  to expose the drain electrode  416 . 
     To control the alignment of the liquid crystal LC, the array member  400  includes a pixel electrode  430  formed on the organic layer  420  and connected to the drain electrode  416  through the via-hole  417 . The pixel electrode  430  includes ITO or IZO, depending on the embodiment. The pixel electrode  430  receives an image signal from the TFT and generates an electric field with the common electrode (not shown) of the color filtering member  300 . The pixel electrode  430  is formed within a pixel area defined by the gate and data lines. Sometimes, to increase the reflective area by increasing the electrode surface, the pixel electrode  430  extends beyond the boundaries delineated by the gate and date lines and overlays the gate and data lines. 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 5 , a reflecting layer may be formed on the pixel electrode  430  and a spacer is disposed between the color filtering member  300  and the array member  400  so as to maintain a cell colorless gap between the color filtering member  300  and the array member  400 . Any well-known spacers, such as a spacer having a ridged shape or a ball shape, may be used. Methods of forming spacers in a display device are well known. 
       FIG. 6  is a top view of an alternative color filtering member  500  according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the alternative color filtering member  500  includes an intercepting region  530 . In more detail, the color filtering member  500  includes a colored region  510  that includes red, green, and blue (RGB) color filters, a black-and-white region  520  for transmitting white light, and an intercepting region  530  dividing two colored regions  510  that neighbor each other in the y-direction according to the coordinates shown in the Figure. The black-and-white region  520 , which extends in the y-direction, separates the colored regions that neighbor each other along the x-direction according to the coordinates of the Figure. 
     The colored region  510  includes an R color filter  512  for transmitting red light, a G color filter  514  for transmitting green light, and a B color filter  516  for transmitting blue light. The R color filter area  512  includes a first reflecting area  512   a  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with a first thickness, a second reflecting area  512   b  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with a second thickness thinner than the first thickness, and a transmitting area  512   c  on which no color filter is formed. Similarly, the G color filter area  514  includes a first reflecting area  514   a  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with the first thickness, a second reflecting area  514   b  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with the second thickness, and a transmitting area  514   c  without a color filter. Likewise, the B color filter area  516  includes a first reflecting area  516   a  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with the first thickness, a second reflecting area  516   b  on which a corresponding color filter is formed with the second thickness, and a transmitting area  516   c  without a color filter. The black-and-white region  520  transmits white light, and does not include color filters. 
     As used herein, “four colors” refer to three color filters and a means of transmitting white light, i.e. either a white pixel or an absence of a color pixel. The alternative color filtering member  500 , which has the intercepting region  530  and four colors, improves the brightness of an LCD apparatus. This improvement is partly due to a reduction of the surface area that is covered by the intercepting region  530 . Another factor contributing to this improvement is the presence of the black-and-white region  520  that transmits light substantially without loss. 
     In this exemplary embodiment, the intercepting region  530  extends in the x-direction and a plurality of the intercepting regions  530  are arranged along the y-direction. However, the invention is not limited to the particular configuration shown in  FIG. 6 , and may be adapted to various other configurations of the colored regions  510  and the black-and-white regions  520 . For example, the intercepting region  530  may have shapes other than a straight line, such as a curved shape or a zigzagging shape. 
     As shown in  FIG. 7B , the intercepting region  530  partially overlaps with the neighboring colored regions  510 , forming sloped portions near the overlapping regions. Frequently, light leakage occurs at these sloped portions near the pixel boundaries. This light leakage is highly undesirable, as it negatively affects the contrast ratio and deteriorates display quality. 
       FIG. 7A  is a schematic view showing an LCD apparatus for reducing the light leakage near the pixel boundaries.  FIG. 7B  is a cross-sectional view showing the LCD apparatus shown in  FIG. 7A . 
     Referring to  FIGS. 7A and 7B , an LCD apparatus includes the alternative color filtering member  500  and an any member  600 . The array member  600  includes an insulating layer  605 , a gate line  610 , an organic layer  620 , a pixel electrode  630 , reflecting plates  642  and  644  and a transmission window  650 . 
       FIG. 7A  shows an intercepting region  530  having a width W formed between two colored regions  510  and  510 ′. An imaginary line I extends between the two colored regions  510 ,  510 ′, about halfway between the two colored regions  510 ,  510 ′. Currently, the intercepting region  530  is positioned so that a centerline that runs through the middle of the intercepting region  530  (i.e., the centerline is located W/2 from an edge of the intercepting region  530 ) approximately coincides with the imaginary line I. Thus, the intercepting region  530  is arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the imaginary line I. This symmetry does not exist in the invention. In the color filtering member  500  of the invention, the position of the intercepting region  530  is shifted in the direction in which the alignment layer is rubbed (i.e., the direction in which the liquid crystals are aligned), by a predetermined distance ΔT, to form the intercepting region  530 ′. By shifting the intercepting region  530  to form the intercepting region  530 ′, the intercepting region  530 ′ is positioned near where the light is leaked, so that light leakage can be efficiently reduced. In  FIG. 7A , the direction of rubbing is assumed to be along the y-direction. 
     To prevent light from leaking when the LCD apparatus is operating in a transmissive mode, the gate line  610  formed on the array member  600  is also shifted in the y-direction. The distance in which the gate line  610  is shifted does not necessarily equal ΔT. A person of ordinary skill in the art is able to determine the appropriate shifting distance. With the shifted gate line  610 , the LCD apparatus is able to reduce the leakage of the internal light (or backlight). 
       FIG. 8  is a cross-sectional view showing an LCD apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Particularly, the LCD apparatus shows a cross-section taken along the line A-A′ of  FIG. 6 . 
       FIG. 8  shows an LCD apparatus including the alternative color filtering member  500 , the alternative array member  600 , a liquid crystal layer interposed between the color filtering member  500  and the array member  600 , and an internal light source, such as a backlight assembly (not shown), disposed under the array member  600  so as to generate and provide light to the any member  600 . 
     The color filtering member  500  includes a transparent substrate  505 , a black matrix layer (not shown) formed on the transparent substrate  505 , color filter layers  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b , an organic layer  540 , an insulating layer  550 , and a transparent electrode layer  560 . 
     Particularly, the black matrix layer such as an intercepting region or a black mask is formed on the transparent substrate  505  in a matrix configuration so as to mask areas between R, G and B color filters adjacent to each other in the y-direction. 
     The color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b  are formed in areas defined by the black matrix layer and include one of R, G and B color filter patterns. Each of the color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b  has one of R, G and B colorants for coloring a transparent resin. The colorant may be a dye or a pigment. The colors of the color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b  are typically primary colors (RGB) or complementary colors, but may be adjusted to a particular application. The color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b  are formed by coating a photosensitive resin including a colorant, for example, such as the dye or pigment, over a substrate and patterning the photosensitive resin using a photolithography process. 
     The organic layer  540  protects the color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b  from various environmental elements and external forces and prevents the colorant from spreading to other parts. The organic layer  540  also planarizes the color filters  512   a ,  512   b ,  514   a ,  514   b ,  516   a  and  516   b , as described above. The organic layer  540  includes a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin and so on. 
     The insulating layer  550  is formed on the organic layer  540 . The insulating layer  550  includes a transparent metal oxide (e.g., Ta 2 O 5 , ZrO 2  or TiO 2 ) coated over the color filter. Preferably, the insulating layer  550  includes Ta 2 O 5 , or Ta 2 O 5  mixed with one of ZrO 2 , TiO 2  and SiO 2 . 
     The transparent electrode layer  560  having a predetermined pattern is formed on the insulating layer  550 . 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 8 , the color filtering member  500  may further include a transparent hardened passivation layer formed on the transparent electrode layer  560  so as to prevent a common electrode of the color filtering member  500  and a pixel electrode of the any member  600  from being shorted due to impurities. The transparent hardened passivation layer includes SiO 2 , TiO 2  and so on. A first alignment layer (not shown) including a polyimide resin is formed on the transparent hardened passivation layer and rubbed through a rubbing process. 
     The array member  600  includes a first insulating layer  605 , a plurality of gate lines formed on the first insulating layer  605 , a plurality of data lines insulated from and intersected with the gate lines, a plurality of pixels formed in a matrix configuration. Each of the pixels has a TFT formed on an area surrounding with the gate and data lines and connected to corresponding gate and data lines. The array member  600  is combined with the color filtering member  500  so as to receive the liquid crystal LC therebetween. 
     Particularly, a gate pattern including a single metal layer or a double metal layer having chromium (Cr), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo) or molybdenum tungsten (MoW) is formed on the first insulating substrate  605 . The gate pattern includes a gate line extended in a first direction, a gate pad (not shown) connected to end of the gate line so as to receive a scan signal from an external and provide the scan signal to the gate line and a gate electrode  610  of the TFT. 
     The array member  600  includes a gate-insulation layer (not shown) including an inorganic material, for example, such as a silicon nitride, and formed on the gate line and the first insulating layer  605 . An active pattern  612  including polycrystalline silicon is formed on the gate-insulation layer corresponding to the gate electrode  610 . 
     The any member  600  includes a data pattern that includes a metal layer formed on the active pattern  612  and the gate-insulation layer. The data pattern includes a source electrode  614  overlapping a first area of the active pattern  612 , a drain electrode  616  overlapping a second area of the active pattern  612 , a data line connected to the source electrode  614  and extending in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction and a data pad (not shown) connected to an end of the data line so as to receive an image signal from an external source and provide the image signal to the TFT. 
     The array member  600  includes an organic layer  620  formed on the data line and the gate-insulation layer and provided with a via-hole  617  so as to partially expose the drain electrode  616 . 
     To control the liquid crystal LC, the array member  600  includes a pixel electrode  630  formed on the organic layer  620  and connected to the drain electrode  616  through the via-hole  617 . The pixel electrode  630  often includes ITO or IZO. 
     The pixel electrode  630  receives the image signal from the TFT and generates an electric field with the common electrode (not shown) of the color filtering member  500 . The pixel electrode  630  is formed within a pixel area defined by the gate and the data lines. An edge of the pixel electrode  630  overlaps the gate lines and the data lines, thereby obtaining a great opening ratio of the pixel electrode  630 . 
     Although not shown in  FIG. 8 , a reflecting layer (not shown) may be formed on the pixel electrode  630  so as to define a reflecting area and a transmitting area. The reflecting layer is provided with a light-transmitting window and the light-transmitting window is shifted in a predetermined direction in consideration of the gate lines. 
     In the above exemplary embodiments, the color filtering member  500  having a first alignment layer formed along the outer portion thereof has been described. In the color filtering member  500 , the intercepting region is shifted to a direction in which the first alignment layer is rubbed. 
     In addition, the array member  600  may further include a second alignment layer formed along an outer portion thereof. In the array member  600 , the intercepting region is also shifted in a direction that corresponds to the direction in which the second alignment layer is rubbed. 
     Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is understood that the present invention should not be limited to these exemplary embodiments but various changes and modifications can be made by one ordinary skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention as hereinafter claimed.