Patent Publication Number: US-2023161473-A1

Title: Devices, Methods, and Graphical User Interfaces for Accessing Notifications

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/852,235, filed Jun. 28, 2022, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/458,201, filed Aug. 26, 2021, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,435,894, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/915,971, filed Jun. 29, 2020, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,106,352, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/354,012, filed Mar. 14, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,788,979, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/715,005, filed Sep. 25, 2017, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,466,889, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/507,181, filed May 16, 2017, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This relates generally to electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces, including but not limited to electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces that include user interfaces for displaying notifications. 
     BACKGROUND 
     The use of portable electronic devices has increased significantly in recent years, with many applications typically residing in the memory of such devices. Exemplary applications include messaging applications, calendar applications and social media applications. Electronic devices often receive communications for these applications, which contain information of importance to users. These electronic devices then often provide notifications that correspond to the received communications. 
     Exemplary communications include instant messages, calendar invitations, social media updates, microblog posts and news stories. Exemplary notifications associated with these communications may include digital images, video, text, icons, control elements (such as buttons) and/or other graphics to notify users of the receipt of these communications. Exemplary applications receiving communications and generating notifications include instant messaging applications (e.g., iMessage from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), calendar applications (e.g., iCal or Calendar from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.), social networking applications, microblogging applications, and news applications. 
     But user interfaces for accessing notifications, and methods of navigating to and from such interfaces, are cumbersome and inefficient. For example, the notifications may be displayed in a confusing manner, and navigation to and from interfaces that contain notifications may also be confusing. These methods take longer than necessary, thereby wasting energy. This latter consideration is particularly important in battery-operated devices. 
     SUMMARY 
     Accordingly, there is a need for electronic devices with faster, more efficient methods and interfaces for accessing notifications. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replace conventional methods for accessing notifications. Such methods and interfaces reduce the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. 
     The above deficiencies and other problems associated with user interfaces for electronic devices with touch-sensitive surfaces are reduced or eliminated by the disclosed devices. In some embodiments, the device is a desktop computer. In some embodiments, the device is portable (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, or handheld device). In some embodiments, the device is a personal electronic device (e.g., a wearable electronic device, such as a watch). In some embodiments, the device has a touchpad. In some embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also known as a “touch screen” or “touch-screen display”). In some embodiments, the device has a graphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory and one or more modules, programs or sets of instructions stored in the memory for performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the user interacts with the GUI primarily through stylus and/or finger contacts and gestures on the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the functions optionally include image editing, drawing, presenting, word processing, spreadsheet making, game playing, telephoning, video conferencing, e-mailing, instant messaging, workout support, digital photographing, digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, note taking, and/or digital video playing. Executable instructions for performing these functions are, optionally, included in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium or other computer program product configured for execution by one or more processors. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at a device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: while the device is in a screen-off state, receiving one or more notifications; after receiving the one or more notifications, detecting a first input from a user for waking the device from the screen-off state to a screen-on state; in response to detecting the first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state: transitioning the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state; displaying a wake screen user interface on the display; and displaying the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface; while displaying the wake screen user interface and while at least one of the one or more notifications remains displayed on the wake screen user interface, detecting a second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface; in response to detecting the second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface, ceasing to display the wake screen user interface and the at least one of the one or more notifications; after ceasing to display the wake screen user interface and the at least one of the one or more notifications in response to the second input, detecting a third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface; in response to detecting the third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface: in accordance with a determination that the third input meets notification-clearance criteria, wherein the notification-clearance criteria require that the third input is detected at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the detection of the second input, redisplaying the wake screen user interface without displaying the at least one of the one or more notifications on the redisplayed wake screen user interface; and in accordance with a determination that the third input does not meet the notification-clearance criteria: redisplaying the wake screen user interface, and redisplaying the at least one of the one or more notifications on the redisplayed wake screen user interface. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at a device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a first user interface, including displaying one or more missed notifications in a first scrollable arrangement on the first user interface; while displaying the first user interface with the one or more missed notifications, detecting a first swipe gesture, including detecting a first contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the first scrollable arrangement, and detecting first movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a first direction; in response to detecting the first swipe gesture, scrolling the first scrollable arrangement in accordance with the first movement of the first contact; after scrolling the first scrollable arrangement in accordance with the first movement of the first contact, detecting a second swipe gesture, including detecting a second contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the first scrollable arrangement, and detecting second movement of the second contact across the touch-sensitive surface in the first direction; in response to detecting the second swipe gesture: in accordance with a determination that the second movement of the second contact meets notification-history-display criteria, wherein the notification-history-display criteria require (1) that the second movement of the second contact is detected after an end of the first scrollable arrangement has been reached in accordance with the first movement of the first contact and (2) that the second movement exceeds a first threshold amount of movement in the first direction, displaying a plurality of previously received notifications that are distinct from the one or more missed notifications in a second scrollable arrangement on the first user interface; and, in accordance with the determination that the second movement of the first contact does not meet the notification-history-display criteria, forgoing displaying the plurality of previously received notifications. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at a device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: displaying a first user interface on the display; displaying a first user interface object overlaid on a first portion of the first user interface; while displaying the first user interface object overlaid on the first portion of the first user interface, detecting a first input for displaying a cover sheet user interface, where the cover sheet user interface includes a first content object and a second content object displayed on a background object; in response to detecting the first input for displaying the cover sheet user interface, moving the cover sheet user interface across the display in a first direction, including: moving the background object of the cover sheet user interface across the display; in accordance with a determination that the first user interface object has not reached a predefined threshold position relative to the cover sheet user interface, moving the first content object and the second content object with the background object while maintaining a current position of the first user interface object on the display; and, in accordance with a determination that the first user interface object has reached the predefined threshold position relative to the cover sheet user interface, moving the first user interface object with the background object. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, a method is performed at a device having a display and a touch-sensitive surface. The method includes: while the device is in a screen-off state, detecting a first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to a screen-on state; and in response to detecting the first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state: transitioning the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state, and displaying a wake screen user interface on the display; while displaying the wake screen user interface, detecting a first swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface, including detecting a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface and detecting movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface; in response to detecting the first swipe gesture: ceasing to display the wake screen user interface; and displaying a first user interface, wherein: in accordance with a determination that the first swipe gesture is in a first direction, the displayed first user interface is a mini-application-object user interface, wherein the mini-application-object user interface includes one or more mini-application objects that each provide a subset of functions of a corresponding application without launching the corresponding application; and, in accordance with a determination that the first swipe gesture is in a second direction that is opposite the first direction, the displayed first user interface is a control panel user interface, wherein the control panel user interface includes one or more device controls for controlling one or more device functions of the device. 
     In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more tactile output generators, one or more processors, and memory storing one or more programs; the one or more programs are configured to be executed by the one or more processors and the one or more programs include instructions for performing or causing performance of the operations of any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some embodiments, a computer readable storage medium has stored therein instructions, which, when executed by an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, and optionally one or more tactile output generators, cause the device to perform or cause performance of the operations of any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some embodiments, a graphical user interface on an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more tactile output generators, a memory, and one or more processors to execute one or more programs stored in the memory includes one or more of the elements displayed in any of the methods described herein, which are updated in response to inputs, as described in any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, and optionally one or more tactile output generators; and means for performing or causing performance of the operations of any of the methods described herein. In accordance with some embodiments, an information processing apparatus, for use in an electronic device with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, and optionally one or more tactile output generators, includes means for performing or causing performance of the operations of any of the methods described herein. 
     Thus, electronic devices with displays, touch-sensitive surfaces, optionally one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface, optionally one or more tactile output generators, optionally one or more device orientation sensors, are provided with improved interfaces for accessing notifications and improved navigation to and from such interfaces, thereby increasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction with such devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replace conventional methods for providing accessing notifications. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       For a better understanding of the various described embodiments, reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, in conjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numerals refer to corresponding parts throughout the figures. 
         FIG.  1 A  is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction device with a touch-sensitive display, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  1 B  is a block diagram illustrating example components for event handling, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  1 C  is a block diagram illustrating a tactile output module, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  2    illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screen, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  4 A  illustrates an example user interface for a menu of applications on a portable multifunction device, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIG.  4 B  illustrates an example user interface for a multifunction device with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  4 C- 4 E  illustrate examples of dynamic intensity thresholds, in accordance with some embodiments. 
       FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 4 ,  5 B- 5 EB,  5 EC 1 - 5 EC 4 ,  5 ED- 5 HR illustrate example user interfaces for providing access to notifications on a cover sheet user interface in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  6 A- 6 G  are flow diagrams of a process for clearing sets of notifications, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are flow diagrams of a process for displaying notification history, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  are flow diagrams of a process for displaying updating information from an application in a floating banner, in accordance with some embodiments. 
         FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are flow diagrams of a process for navigation using a cover sheet, in accordance with some embodiments. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
     A number of different approaches for navigating to, displaying, and/or interacting with notification content and user interfaces that display notifications are described herein. Using one or more of these approaches (optionally in conjunction with each other) reduces the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user and provides a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated devices, these improvements conserve power and increase the time between battery charges. These approaches describe improved methods for:
         clearing individual notifications and clearing sets of notifications;   displaying notification history;   displaying updating information from an application in a floating banner; and   navigating from a user interface that displays notifications to adjacent user interfaces that display device controls and/or application controls.       

     The methods, devices, and GUIs described herein display notifications on a cover sheet to present recent information received and/or generated by applications installed on a device, which makes the user-device interface more efficient in multiple ways. For example, they provide more efficient ways to retain sets of notifications, clear sets of notifications, display missed notifications, display previously cleared notifications in a notification history, access information from an active mode of an application using a banner that is displayed in user interfaces other than the application user interface, and access additional user interfaces from a cover sheet user interface. 
     Below,  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B,  2 , and  3    provide a description of example devices.  FIGS.  4 A- 4 B and  5 A- 5 HR  illustrate example user interfaces for providing access to notifications on a cover sheet user interface.  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G  illustrate a flow diagram of a method of clearing notifications in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  illustrate a flow diagram of a method of displaying notification history in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  illustrate a flow diagram of a method of displaying updating information from an application in a floating banner in accordance with some embodiments.  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  illustrate a flow diagram of a method of navigation using a cover sheet in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in  FIGS.  5 A- 5 HR  are used to illustrate the processes in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G,  7 A- 7 E,  8 A- 8 C, and  9 A- 9 C . 
     Example Devices 
     Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various described embodiments. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the various described embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, circuits, and networks have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the embodiments. 
     It will also be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. are, in some instances, used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first contact could be termed a second contact, and, similarly, a second contact could be termed a first contact, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first contact and the second contact are both contacts, but they are not the same contact, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. 
     The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
     As used herein, the term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context. 
     Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Example embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch-screen displays and/or touchpads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-screen display and/or a touchpad). 
     In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse and/or a joystick. 
     The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a note taking application, a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application. 
     The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user. 
     Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays.  FIG.  1 A  is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device  100  with touch-sensitive display system  112  in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display system  112  is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience, and is sometimes simply called a touch-sensitive display. Device  100  includes memory  102  (which optionally includes one or more computer readable storage mediums), memory controller  122 , one or more processing units (CPUs)  120 , peripherals interface  118 , RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , input/output (I/O) subsystem  106 , other input or control devices  116 , and external port  124 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more optical sensors  164 . Device  100  optionally includes one or more intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensities of contacts on device  100  (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100 ). Device  100  optionally includes one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs on device  100  (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system  112  of device  100  or touchpad  355  of device  300 ). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines  103 . 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user&#39;s sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user&#39;s hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user&#39;s movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user. Using tactile outputs to provide haptic feedback to a user enhances the operability of the device and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, a tactile output pattern specifies characteristics of a tactile output, such as the amplitude of the tactile output, the shape of a movement waveform of the tactile output, the frequency of the tactile output, and/or the duration of the tactile output. 
     When tactile outputs with different tactile output patterns are generated by a device (e.g., via one or more tactile output generators that move a movable mass to generate tactile outputs), the tactile outputs may invoke different haptic sensations in a user holding or touching the device. While the sensation of the user is based on the user&#39;s perception of the tactile output, most users will be able to identify changes in waveform, frequency, and amplitude of tactile outputs generated by the device. Thus, the waveform, frequency and amplitude can be adjusted to indicate to the user that different operations have been performed. As such, tactile outputs with tactile output patterns that are designed, selected, and/or engineered to simulate characteristics (e.g., size, material, weight, stiffness, smoothness, etc.); behaviors (e.g., oscillation, displacement, acceleration, rotation, expansion, etc.); and/or interactions (e.g., collision, adhesion, repulsion, attraction, friction, etc.) of objects in a given environment (e.g., a user interface that includes graphical features and objects, a simulated physical environment with virtual boundaries and virtual objects, a real physical environment with physical boundaries and physical objects, and/or a combination of any of the above) will, in some circumstances, provide helpful feedback to users that reduces input errors and increases the efficiency of the user&#39;s operation of the device. Additionally, tactile outputs are, optionally, generated to correspond to feedback that is unrelated to a simulated physical characteristic, such as an input threshold or a selection of an object. Such tactile outputs will, in some circumstances, provide helpful feedback to users that reduces input errors and increases the efficiency of the user&#39;s operation of the device. 
     In some embodiments, a tactile output with a suitable tactile output pattern serves as a cue for the occurrence of an event of interest in a user interface or behind the scenes in a device. Examples of the events of interest include activation of an affordance (e.g., a real or virtual button, or toggle switch) provided on the device or in a user interface, success or failure of a requested operation, reaching or crossing a boundary in a user interface, entry into a new state, switching of input focus between objects, activation of a new mode, reaching or crossing an input threshold, detection or recognition of a type of input or gesture, etc. In some embodiments, tactile outputs are provided to serve as a warning or an alert for an impending event or outcome that would occur unless a redirection or interruption input is timely detected. Tactile outputs are also used in other contexts to enrich the user experience, improve the accessibility of the device to users with visual or motor difficulties or other accessibility needs, and/or improve efficiency and functionality of the user interface and/or the device. Tactile outputs are optionally accompanied with audio outputs and/or visible user interface changes, which further enhance a user&#39;s experience when the user interacts with a user interface and/or the device, and facilitate better conveyance of information regarding the state of the user interface and/or the device, and which reduce input errors and increase the efficiency of the user&#39;s operation of the device. 
     It should be appreciated that device  100  is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device  100  optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in  FIG.  1 A  are implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits. 
     Memory  102  optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Access to memory  102  by other components of device  100 , such as CPU(s)  120  and the peripherals interface  118 , is, optionally, controlled by memory controller  122 . 
     Peripherals interface  118  can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU(s)  120  and memory  102 . The one or more processors  120  run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory  102  to perform various functions for device  100  and to process data. 
     In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118 , CPU(s)  120 , and memory controller  122  are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip  104 . In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips. 
     RF (radio frequency) circuitry  108  receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry  108  optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry  108  optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSDPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11ax, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g and/or IEEE 802.11n), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document. 
     Audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , and microphone  113  provide an audio interface between a user and device  100 . Audio circuitry  110  receives audio data from peripherals interface  118 , converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker  111 . Speaker  111  converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  also receives electrical signals converted by microphone  113  from sound waves. Audio circuitry  110  converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface  118  for processing. Audio data is, optionally, retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory  102  and/or RF circuitry  108  by peripherals interface  118 . In some embodiments, audio circuitry  110  also includes a headset jack (e.g.,  212 ,  FIG.  2   ). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry  110  and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone). 
     I/O subsystem  106  couples input/output peripherals on device  100 , such as touch-sensitive display system  112  and other input or control devices  116 , with peripherals interface  118 . I/O subsystem  106  optionally includes display controller  156 , optical sensor controller  158 , intensity sensor controller  159 , haptic feedback controller  161 , and one or more input controllers  160  for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers  160  receive/send electrical signals from/to other input or control devices  116 . The other input or control devices  116  optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s)  160  are, optionally, coupled with any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, infrared port, USB port, stylus, and/or a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g.,  208 ,  FIG.  2   ) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker  111  and/or microphone  113 . The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g.,  206 ,  FIG.  2   ). 
     Touch-sensitive display system  112  provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller  156  receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch-sensitive display system  112 . Touch-sensitive display system  112  displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output corresponds to user interface objects. As used herein, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactive graphical user interface object (e.g., a graphical user interface object that is configured to respond to inputs directed toward the graphical user interface object). Examples of user-interactive graphical user interface objects include, without limitation, a button, slider, icon, selectable menu item, switch, hyperlink, or other user interface control. 
     Touch-sensitive display system  112  has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch-sensitive display system  112  and display controller  156  (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory  102 ) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch-sensitive display system  112  and converts the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages or images) that are displayed on touch-sensitive display system  112 . In some embodiments, a point of contact between touch-sensitive display system  112  and the user corresponds to a finger of the user or a stylus. 
     Touch-sensitive display system  112  optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch-sensitive display system  112  and display controller  156  optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch-sensitive display system  112 . In some embodiments, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Touch-sensitive display system  112  optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen video resolution is in excess of 400 dpi (e.g., 500 dpi, 800 dpi, or greater). The user optionally makes contact with touch-sensitive display system  112  using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user. 
     In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device  100  optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch-sensitive display system  112  or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen. 
     Device  100  also includes power system  162  for powering the various components. Power system  162  optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more optical sensors  164 .  FIG.  1 A  shows an optical sensor coupled with optical sensor controller  158  in I/O subsystem  106 . Optical sensor(s)  164  optionally include charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor(s)  164  receive light from the environment, projected through one or more lens, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module  143  (also called a camera module), optical sensor(s)  164  optionally capture still images and/or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch-sensitive display system  112  on the front of the device, so that the touch screen is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, another optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user&#39;s image is obtained (e.g., for selfies, for videoconferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen, etc.). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165 .  FIG.  1 A  shows a contact intensity sensor coupled with intensity sensor controller  159  in I/O subsystem  106 . Contact intensity sensor(s)  165  optionally include one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor(s)  165  receive contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch-screen display system  112  which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors  166 .  FIG.  1 A  shows proximity sensor  166  coupled with peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, proximity sensor  166  is coupled with input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch-sensitive display system  112  when the multifunction device is placed near the user&#39;s ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call). 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators  167 .  FIG.  1 A  shows a tactile output generator coupled with haptic feedback controller  161  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, tactile output generator(s)  167  include one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Tactile output generator(s)  167  receive tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module  133  and generates tactile outputs on device  100  that are capable of being sensed by a user of device  100 . In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device  100 ) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device  100 ). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device  100 , opposite touch-sensitive display system  112 , which is located on the front of device  100 . 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more accelerometers  168 .  FIG.  1 A  shows accelerometer  168  coupled with peripherals interface  118 . Alternately, accelerometer  168  is, optionally, coupled with an input controller  160  in I/O subsystem  106 . In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch-screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device  100  optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s)  168 , a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device  100 . 
     In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory  102  include operating system  126 , communication module (or set of instructions)  128 , contact/motion module (or set of instructions)  130 , graphics module (or set of instructions)  132 , haptic feedback module (or set of instructions)  133 , text input module (or set of instructions)  134 , Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions)  135 , and applications (or sets of instructions)  136 . Furthermore, in some embodiments, memory  102  stores device/global internal state  157 , as shown in  FIGS.  1 A and  3   . Device/global internal state  157  includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch-sensitive display system  112 ; sensor state, including information obtained from the device&#39;s various sensors and other input or control devices  116 ; and location and/or positional information concerning the device&#39;s location and/or attitude. 
     Operating system  126  (e.g., iOS, Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components. 
     Communication module  128  facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports  124  and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry  108  and/or external port  124 . External port  124  (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the 30-pin connector used in some iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. In some embodiments, the external port is a Lightning connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with the Lightning connector used in some iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects contact with touch-sensitive display system  112  (in conjunction with display controller  156 ) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module  130  includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact (e.g., by a finger or by a stylus), such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module  130  receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts or stylus contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  and display controller  156  detect contact on a touchpad. 
     Contact/motion module  130  optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (lift off) event. Similarly, tap, swipe, drag, and other gestures are optionally detected for a stylus by detecting a particular contact pattern for the stylus. 
     In some embodiments, detecting a finger tap gesture depends on the length of time between detecting the finger-down event and the finger-up event, but is independent of the intensity of the finger contact between detecting the finger-down event and the finger-up event. In some embodiments, a tap gesture is detected in accordance with a determination that the length of time between the finger-down event and the finger-up event is less than a predetermined value (e.g., less than 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 or 0.5 seconds), independent of whether the intensity of the finger contact during the tap meets a given intensity threshold (greater than a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold), such as a light press or deep press intensity threshold. Thus, a finger tap gesture can satisfy particular input criteria that do not require that the characteristic intensity of a contact satisfy a given intensity threshold in order for the particular input criteria to be met. For clarity, the finger contact in a tap gesture typically needs to satisfy a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold, below which the contact is not detected, in order for the finger-down event to be detected. A similar analysis applies to detecting a tap gesture by a stylus or other contact. In cases where the device is capable of detecting a finger or stylus contact hovering over a touch sensitive surface, the nominal contact-detection intensity threshold optionally does not correspond to physical contact between the finger or stylus and the touch sensitive surface. 
     The same concepts apply in an analogous manner to other types of gestures. For example, a swipe gesture, a pinch gesture, a depinch gesture, and/or a long press gesture are optionally detected based on the satisfaction of criteria that are either independent of intensities of contacts included in the gesture, or do not require that contact(s) that perform the gesture reach intensity thresholds in order to be recognized. For example, a swipe gesture is detected based on an amount of movement of one or more contacts; a pinch gesture is detected based on movement of two or more contacts towards each other; a depinch gesture is detected based on movement of two or more contacts away from each other; and a long press gesture is detected based on a duration of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface with less than a threshold amount of movement. As such, the statement that particular gesture recognition criteria do not require that the intensity of the contact(s) meet a respective intensity threshold in order for the particular gesture recognition criteria to be met means that the particular gesture recognition criteria are capable of being satisfied if the contact(s) in the gesture do not reach the respective intensity threshold, and are also capable of being satisfied in circumstances where one or more of the contacts in the gesture do reach or exceed the respective intensity threshold. In some embodiments, a tap gesture is detected based on a determination that the finger-down and finger-up event are detected within a predefined time period, without regard to whether the contact is above or below the respective intensity threshold during the predefined time period, and a swipe gesture is detected based on a determination that the contact movement is greater than a predefined magnitude, even if the contact is above the respective intensity threshold at the end of the contact movement. Even in implementations where detection of a gesture is influenced by the intensity of contacts performing the gesture (e.g., the device detects a long press more quickly when the intensity of the contact is above an intensity threshold or delays detection of a tap input when the intensity of the contact is higher), the detection of those gestures does not require that the contacts reach a particular intensity threshold so long as the criteria for recognizing the gesture can be met in circumstances where the contact does not reach the particular intensity threshold (e.g., even if the amount of time that it takes to recognize the gesture changes). 
     Contact intensity thresholds, duration thresholds, and movement thresholds are, in some circumstances, combined in a variety of different combinations in order to create heuristics for distinguishing two or more different gestures directed to the same input element or region so that multiple different interactions with the same input element are enabled to provide a richer set of user interactions and responses. The statement that a particular set of gesture recognition criteria do not require that the intensity of the contact(s) meet a respective intensity threshold in order for the particular gesture recognition criteria to be met does not preclude the concurrent evaluation of other intensity-dependent gesture recognition criteria to identify other gestures that do have a criteria that is met when a gesture includes a contact with an intensity above the respective intensity threshold. For example, in some circumstances, first gesture recognition criteria for a first gesture—which do not require that the intensity of the contact(s) meet a respective intensity threshold in order for the first gesture recognition criteria to be met—are in competition with second gesture recognition criteria for a second gesture—which are dependent on the contact(s) reaching the respective intensity threshold. In such competitions, the gesture is, optionally, not recognized as meeting the first gesture recognition criteria for the first gesture if the second gesture recognition criteria for the second gesture are met first. For example, if a contact reaches the respective intensity threshold before the contact moves by a predefined amount of movement, a deep press gesture is detected rather than a swipe gesture. Conversely, if the contact moves by the predefined amount of movement before the contact reaches the respective intensity threshold, a swipe gesture is detected rather than a deep press gesture. Even in such circumstances, the first gesture recognition criteria for the first gesture still do not require that the intensity of the contact(s) meet a respective intensity threshold in order for the first gesture recognition criteria to be met because if the contact stayed below the respective intensity threshold until an end of the gesture (e.g., a swipe gesture with a contact that does not increase to an intensity above the respective intensity threshold), the gesture would have been recognized by the first gesture recognition criteria as a swipe gesture. As such, particular gesture recognition criteria that do not require that the intensity of the contact(s) meet a respective intensity threshold in order for the particular gesture recognition criteria to be met will (A) in some circumstances ignore the intensity of the contact with respect to the intensity threshold (e.g. for a tap gesture) and/or (B) in some circumstances still be dependent on the intensity of the contact with respect to the intensity threshold in the sense that the particular gesture recognition criteria (e.g., for a long press gesture) will fail if a competing set of intensity-dependent gesture recognition criteria (e.g., for a deep press gesture) recognize an input as corresponding to an intensity-dependent gesture before the particular gesture recognition criteria recognize a gesture corresponding to the input (e.g., for a long press gesture that is competing with a deep press gesture for recognition). 
     Graphics module  132  includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch-sensitive display system  112  or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including without limitation text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations and the like. 
     In some embodiments, graphics module  132  stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module  132  receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller  156 . 
     Haptic feedback module  133  includes various software components for generating instructions (e.g., instructions used by haptic feedback controller  161 ) to produce tactile outputs using tactile output generator(s)  167  at one or more locations on device  100  in response to user interactions with device  100 . 
     Text input module  134 , which is, optionally, a component of graphics module  132 , provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts  137 , e-mail  140 ,  1 M  141 , browser  147 , and any other application that needs text input). 
     GPS module  135  determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone  138  for use in location-based dialing, to camera  143  as picture/video metadata, and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather mini applications, local yellow page mini applications, and map/navigation mini applications). 
     Applications  136  optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:
     contacts module  137  (sometimes called an address book or contact list);   telephone module  138 ;   video conferencing module  139 ;   e-mail client module  140 ;   instant messaging (IM) module  141 ;   workout support module  142 ;   camera module  143  for still and/or video images;   image management module  144 ;   browser module  147 ;   calendar module  148 ;   mini application modules  149 , which optionally include one or more of: weather mini application  149 - 1 , stocks mini application  149 - 2 , calculator mini application  149 - 3 , alarm clock mini application  149 - 4 , dictionary mini application  149 - 5 , and other mini applications obtained by the user, as well as user-created mini applications  149 - 6 ;   mini application creator module  150  for making user-created mini applications  149 - 6 ;   search module  151 ;   video and music player module  152 , which is, optionally, made up of a video player module and a music player module;   notes module  153 ;   map module  154 ; and/or   online video module  155 .   

     Examples of other applications  136  that are, optionally, stored in memory  102  include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication. 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , contacts module  137  includes executable instructions to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state  192  of contacts module  137  in memory  102  or memory  370 ), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers and/or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone  138 , video conference  139 , e-mail  140 , or IM  141 ; and so forth. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , telephone module  138  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in address book  137 , modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols and technologies. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , microphone  113 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , contact list  137 , and telephone module  138 , videoconferencing module  139  includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140  includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module  144 , e-mail client module  140  makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module  143 . 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , the instant messaging module  141  includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, Apple Push Notification Service (APNs) or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages, and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages optionally include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in a MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, APNs, or IMPS). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , map module  154 , and video and music player module  152 , workout support module  142  includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (in sports devices and smart watches); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store and transmit workout data. 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , optical sensor(s)  164 , optical sensor controller  158 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and image management module  144 , camera module  143  includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory  102 , modify characteristics of a still image or video, and/or delete a still image or video from memory  102 . 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and camera module  143 , image management module  144  includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , browser module  147  includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , calendar module  148  includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , mini application modules  149  are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather mini application  149 - 1 , stocks mini application  149 - 2 , calculator mini application  149 - 3 , alarm clock mini application  149 - 4 , and dictionary mini application  149 - 5 ) or created by the user (e.g., user-created mini application  149 - 6 ). In some embodiments, a mini application includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a mini application includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Mini applications). 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , and browser module  147 , the mini application creator module  150  includes executable instructions to create mini applications (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a mini application). 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , search module  151  includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory  102  that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , and browser module  147 , video and music player module  152  includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch-sensitive display system  112 , or on an external display connected wirelessly or via external port  124 ). In some embodiments, device  100  optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.). 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , and text input module  134 , notes module  153  includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with RF circuitry  108 , touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , text input module  134 , GPS module  135 , and browser module  147 , map module  154  includes executable instructions to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions; data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location; and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions. 
     In conjunction with touch-sensitive display system  112 , display system controller  156 , contact module  130 , graphics module  132 , audio circuitry  110 , speaker  111 , RF circuitry  108 , text input module  134 , e-mail client module  140 , and browser module  147 , online video module  155  includes executable instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen  112 , or on an external display connected wirelessly or via external port  124 ), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module  141 , rather than e-mail client module  140 , is used to send a link to a particular online video. 
     Each of the above identified modules and applications correspond to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  102  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device  100 , the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device  100  is, optionally, reduced. 
     The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device  100  to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device  100 . In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad. 
       FIG.  1 B  is a block diagram illustrating example components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  102  (in  FIG.  1 A ) or  370  ( FIG.  3   ) includes event sorter  170  (e.g., in operating system  126 ) and a respective application  136 - 1  (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications  136 ,  137 - 155 ,  380 - 390 ). 
     Event sorter  170  receives event information and determines the application  136 - 1  and application view  191  of application  136 - 1  to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter  170  includes event monitor  171  and event dispatcher module  174 . In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes application internal state  192 , which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display system  112  when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state  157  is used by event sorter  170  to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state  192  is used by event sorter  170  to determine application views  191  to which to deliver event information. 
     In some embodiments, application internal state  192  includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application  136 - 1  resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application  136 - 1 , a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application  136 - 1 , and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user. 
     Event monitor  171  receives event information from peripherals interface  118 . Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display system  112 , as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface  118  transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem  106  or a sensor, such as proximity sensor  166 , accelerometer(s)  168 , and/or microphone  113  (through audio circuitry  110 ). Information that peripherals interface  118  receives from I/O subsystem  106  includes information from touch-sensitive display system  112  or a touch-sensitive surface. 
     In some embodiments, event monitor  171  sends requests to the peripherals interface  118  at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface  118  transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripheral interface  118  transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration). 
     In some embodiments, event sorter  170  also includes a hit view determination module  172  and/or an active event recognizer determination module  173 . 
     Hit view determination module  172  provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views, when touch-sensitive display system  112  displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display. 
     Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture. 
     Hit view determination module  172  receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module  172  identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (i.e., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view. 
     Active event recognizer determination module  173  determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module  173  determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views. 
     Event dispatcher module  174  dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer  180 ). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module  173 , event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module  173 . In some embodiments, event dispatcher module  174  stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver module  182 . 
     In some embodiments, operating system  126  includes event sorter  170 . Alternatively, application  136 - 1  includes event sorter  170 . In yet other embodiments, event sorter  170  is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory  102 , such as contact/motion module  130 . 
     In some embodiments, application  136 - 1  includes a plurality of event handlers  190  and one or more application views  191 , each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application&#39;s user interface. Each application view  191  of the application  136 - 1  includes one or more event recognizers  180 . Typically, a respective application view  191  includes a plurality of event recognizers  180 . In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers  180  are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application  136 - 1  inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler  190  includes one or more of: data updater  176 , object updater  177 , GUI updater  178 , and/or event data  179  received from event sorter  170 . Event handler  190  optionally utilizes or calls data updater  176 , object updater  177  or GUI updater  178  to update the application internal state  192 . Alternatively, one or more of the application views  191  includes one or more respective event handlers  190 . Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a respective application view  191 . 
     A respective event recognizer  180  receives event information (e.g., event data  179 ) from event sorter  170 , and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer  180  includes event receiver  182  and event comparator  184 . In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  also includes at least a subset of: metadata  183 , and event delivery instructions  188  (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions). 
     Event receiver  182  receives event information from event sorter  170 . The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device. 
     Event comparator  184  compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  includes event definitions  186 . Event definitions  186  contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event  1  ( 187 - 1 ), event  2  ( 187 - 2 ), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event  187  include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event  1  ( 187 - 1 ) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second lift-off (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event  2  ( 187 - 2 ) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display system  112 , and lift-off of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers  190 . 
     In some embodiments, event definition  187  includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display system  112 , when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display system  112 , event comparator  184  performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler  190 , the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler  190  should be activated. For example, event comparator  184  selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test. 
     In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event  187  also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer&#39;s event type. 
     When a respective event recognizer  180  determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions  186 , the respective event recognizer  180  enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  includes metadata  183  with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata  183  includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy. 
     In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  activates event handler  190  associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer  180  delivers event information associated with the event to event handler  190 . Activating an event handler  190  is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer  180  throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler  190  associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process. 
     In some embodiments, event delivery instructions  188  include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process. 
     In some embodiments, data updater  176  creates and updates data used in application  136 - 1 . For example, data updater  176  updates the telephone number used in contacts module  137 , or stores a video file used in video and music player module  152 . In some embodiments, object updater  177  creates and updates objects used in application  136 - 1 . For example, object updater  177  creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater  178  updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater  178  prepares display information and sends it to graphics module  132  for display on a touch-sensitive display. 
     In some embodiments, event handler(s)  190  includes or has access to data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178 . In some embodiments, data updater  176 , object updater  177 , and GUI updater  178  are included in a single module of a respective application  136 - 1  or application view  191 . In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules. 
     It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices  100  with input-devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc., on touch-pads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized. 
       FIG.  1 C  is a block diagram illustrating a tactile output module in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, I/O subsystem  106  (e.g., haptic feedback controller  161  ( FIG.  1 A ) and/or other input controller(s)  160  ( FIG.  1 A )) includes at least some of the example components shown in  FIG.  1 C . In some embodiments, peripherals interface  118  includes at least some of the example components shown in  FIG.  1 C . 
     In some embodiments, the tactile output module includes haptic feedback module  133 . In some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  aggregates and combines tactile outputs for user interface feedback from software applications on the electronic device (e.g., feedback that is responsive to user inputs that correspond to displayed user interfaces and alerts and other notifications that indicate the performance of operations or occurrence of events in user interfaces of the electronic device). Haptic feedback module  133  includes one or more of: waveform module  123  (for providing waveforms used for generating tactile outputs), mixer  125  (for mixing waveforms, such as waveforms in different channels), compressor  127  (for reducing or compressing a dynamic range of the waveforms), low-pass filter  129  (for filtering out high frequency signal components in the waveforms), and thermal controller  131  (for adjusting the waveforms in accordance with thermal conditions). In some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  is included in haptic feedback controller  161  ( FIG.  1 A ). In some embodiments, a separate unit of haptic feedback module  133  (or a separate implementation of haptic feedback module  133 ) is also included in an audio controller (e.g., audio circuitry  110 ,  FIG.  1 A ) and used for generating audio signals. In some embodiments, a single haptic feedback module  133  is used for generating audio signals and generating waveforms for tactile outputs. 
     In some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  also includes trigger module  121  (e.g., a software application, operating system, or other software module that determines a tactile output is to be generated and initiates the process for generating the corresponding tactile output). In some embodiments, trigger module  121  generates trigger signals for initiating generation of waveforms (e.g., by waveform module  123 ). For example, trigger module  121  generates trigger signals based on preset timing criteria. In some embodiments, trigger module  121  receives trigger signals from outside haptic feedback module  133  (e.g., in some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  receives trigger signals from hardware input processing module  146  located outside haptic feedback module  133 ) and relays the trigger signals to other components within haptic feedback module  133  (e.g., waveform module  123 ) or software applications that trigger operations (e.g., with trigger module  121 ) based on activation of a user interface element (e.g., an application icon or an affordance within an application) or a hardware input device (e.g., a home button or an intensity-sensitive input surface, such as an intensity-sensitive touch screen). In some embodiments, trigger module  121  also receives tactile feedback generation instructions (e.g., from haptic feedback module  133 ,  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ). In some embodiments, trigger module  121  generates trigger signals in response to haptic feedback module  133  (or trigger module  121  in haptic feedback module  133 ) receiving tactile feedback instructions (e.g., from haptic feedback module  133 ,  FIGS.  1 A and  3   ). 
     Waveform module  123  receives trigger signals (e.g., from trigger module  121 ) as an input, and in response to receiving trigger signals, provides waveforms for generation of one or more tactile outputs (e.g., waveforms selected from a predefined set of waveforms designated for use by waveform module  123 , such as the waveforms described in greater detail below with reference to  FIGS.  4 F- 4 G ). 
     Mixer  125  receives waveforms (e.g., from waveform module  123 ) as an input, and mixes together the waveforms. For example, when mixer  125  receives two or more waveforms (e.g., a first waveform in a first channel and a second waveform that at least partially overlaps with the first waveform in a second channel) mixer  125  outputs a combined waveform that corresponds to a sum of the two or more waveforms. In some embodiments, mixer  125  also modifies one or more waveforms of the two or more waveforms to emphasize particular waveform(s) over the rest of the two or more waveforms (e.g., by increasing a scale of the particular waveform(s) and/or decreasing a scale of the rest of the waveforms). In some circumstances, mixer  125  selects one or more waveforms to remove from the combined waveform (e.g., the waveform from the oldest source is dropped when there are waveforms from more than three sources that have been requested to be output concurrently by tactile output generator  167 ). 
     Compressor  127  receives waveforms (e.g., a combined waveform from mixer  125 ) as an input, and modifies the waveforms. In some embodiments, compressor  127  reduces the waveforms (e.g., in accordance with physical specifications of tactile output generators  167  ( FIG.  1 A ) or  357  ( FIG.  3   )) so that tactile outputs corresponding to the waveforms are reduced. In some embodiments, compressor  127  limits the waveforms, such as by enforcing a predefined maximum amplitude for the waveforms. For example, compressor  127  reduces amplitudes of portions of waveforms that exceed a predefined amplitude threshold while maintaining amplitudes of portions of waveforms that do not exceed the predefined amplitude threshold. In some embodiments, compressor  127  reduces a dynamic range of the waveforms. In some embodiments, compressor  127  dynamically reduces the dynamic range of the waveforms so that the combined waveforms remain within performance specifications of the tactile output generator  167  (e.g., force and/or movable mass displacement limits). 
     Low-pass filter  129  receives waveforms (e.g., compressed waveforms from compressor  127 ) as an input, and filters (e.g., smooths) the waveforms (e.g., removes or reduces high frequency signal components in the waveforms). For example, in some instances, compressor  127  includes, in compressed waveforms, extraneous signals (e.g., high frequency signal components) that interfere with the generation of tactile outputs and/or exceed performance specifications of tactile output generator  167  when the tactile outputs are generated in accordance with the compressed waveforms. Low-pass filter  129  reduces or removes such extraneous signals in the waveforms. 
     Thermal controller  131  receives waveforms (e.g., filtered waveforms from low-pass filter  129 ) as an input, and adjusts the waveforms in accordance with thermal conditions of device  100  (e.g., based on internal temperatures detected within device  100 , such as the temperature of haptic feedback controller  161 , and/or external temperatures detected by device  100 ). For example, in some cases, the output of haptic feedback controller  161  varies depending on the temperature (e.g. haptic feedback controller  161 , in response to receiving same waveforms, generates a first tactile output when haptic feedback controller  161  is at a first temperature and generates a second tactile output when haptic feedback controller  161  is at a second temperature that is distinct from the first temperature). For example, the magnitude (or the amplitude) of the tactile outputs may vary depending on the temperature. To reduce the effect of the temperature variations, the waveforms are modified (e.g., an amplitude of the waveforms is increased or decreased based on the temperature). 
     In some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  (e.g., trigger module  121 ) is coupled to hardware input processing module  146 . In some embodiments, other input controller(s)  160  in  FIG.  1 A  includes hardware input processing module  146 . In some embodiments, hardware input processing module  146  receives inputs from hardware input device  145  (e.g., other input or control devices  116  in  FIG.  1 A , such as a home button or an intensity-sensitive input surface, such as an intensity-sensitive touch screen). In some embodiments, hardware input device  145  is any input device described herein, such as touch-sensitive display system  112  ( FIG.  1 A ), keyboard/mouse  350  ( FIG.  3   ), touchpad  355  ( FIG.  3   ), one of other input or control devices  116  ( FIG.  1 A ), or an intensity-sensitive home button. In some embodiments, hardware input device  145  consists of an intensity-sensitive home button, and not touch-sensitive display system  112  ( FIG.  1 A ), keyboard/mouse  350  ( FIG.  3   ), or touchpad  355  ( FIG.  3   ). In some embodiments, in response to inputs from hardware input device  145  (e.g., an intensity-sensitive home button or a touch screen), hardware input processing module  146  provides one or more trigger signals to haptic feedback module  133  to indicate that a user input satisfying predefined input criteria, such as an input corresponding to a “click” of a home button (e.g., a “down click” or an “up click”), has been detected. In some embodiments, haptic feedback module  133  provides waveforms that correspond to the “click” of a home button in response to the input corresponding to the “click” of a home button, simulating a haptic feedback of pressing a physical home button. 
     In some embodiments, the tactile output module includes haptic feedback controller  161  (e.g., haptic feedback controller  161  in  FIG.  1 A ), which controls the generation of tactile outputs. In some embodiments, haptic feedback controller  161  is coupled to a plurality of tactile output generators, and selects one or more tactile output generators of the plurality of tactile output generators and sends waveforms to the selected one or more tactile output generators for generating tactile outputs. In some embodiments, haptic feedback controller  161  coordinates tactile output requests that correspond to activation of hardware input device  145  and tactile output requests that correspond to software events (e.g., tactile output requests from haptic feedback module  133 ) and modifies one or more waveforms of the two or more waveforms to emphasize particular waveform(s) over the rest of the two or more waveforms (e.g., by increasing a scale of the particular waveform(s) and/or decreasing a scale of the rest of the waveforms, such as to prioritize tactile outputs that correspond to activations of hardware input device  145  over tactile outputs that correspond to software events). 
     In some embodiments, as shown in  FIG.  1 C , an output of haptic feedback controller  161  is coupled to audio circuitry of device  100  (e.g., audio circuitry  110 ,  FIG.  1 A ), and provides audio signals to audio circuitry of device  100 . In some embodiments, haptic feedback controller  161  provides both waveforms used for generating tactile outputs and audio signals used for providing audio outputs in conjunction with generation of the tactile outputs. In some embodiments, haptic feedback controller  161  modifies audio signals and/or waveforms (used for generating tactile outputs) so that the audio outputs and the tactile outputs are synchronized (e.g., by delaying the audio signals and/or waveforms). In some embodiments, haptic feedback controller  161  includes a digital-to-analog converter used for converting digital waveforms into analog signals, which are received by amplifier  163  and/or tactile output generator  167 . 
     In some embodiments, the tactile output module includes amplifier  163 . In some embodiments, amplifier  163  receives waveforms (e.g., from haptic feedback controller  161 ) and amplifies the waveforms prior to sending the amplified waveforms to tactile output generator  167  (e.g., any of tactile output generators  167  ( FIG.  1 A ) or  357  ( FIG.  3   )). For example, amplifier  163  amplifies the received waveforms to signal levels that are in accordance with physical specifications of tactile output generator  167  (e.g., to a voltage and/or a current required by tactile output generator  167  for generating tactile outputs so that the signals sent to tactile output generator  167  produce tactile outputs that correspond to the waveforms received from haptic feedback controller  161 ) and sends the amplified waveforms to tactile output generator  167 . In response, tactile output generator  167  generates tactile outputs (e.g., by shifting a movable mass back and forth in one or more dimensions relative to a neutral position of the movable mass). 
     In some embodiments, the tactile output module includes sensor  169 , which is coupled to tactile output generator  167 . Sensor  169  detects states or state changes (e.g., mechanical position, physical displacement, and/or movement) of tactile output generator  167  or one or more components of tactile output generator  167  (e.g., one or more moving parts, such as a membrane, used to generate tactile outputs). In some embodiments, sensor  169  is a magnetic field sensor (e.g., a Hall effect sensor) or other displacement and/or movement sensor. In some embodiments, sensor  169  provides information (e.g., a position, a displacement, and/or a movement of one or more parts in tactile output generator  167 ) to haptic feedback controller  161  and, in accordance with the information provided by sensor  169  about the state of tactile output generator  167 , haptic feedback controller  161  adjusts the waveforms output from haptic feedback controller  161  (e.g., waveforms sent to tactile output generator  167 , optionally via amplifier  163 ). 
       FIG.  2    illustrates a portable multifunction device  100  having a touch screen (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112 ,  FIG.  1 A ) in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI)  200 . In these embodiments, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers  202  (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses  203  (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward) and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device  100 . In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap. 
     Device  100  optionally also includes one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button  204 . As described previously, menu button  204  is, optionally, used to navigate to any application  136  in a set of applications that are, optionally executed on device  100 . Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on the touch-screen display. 
     In some embodiments, device  100  includes the touch-screen display, menu button  204  (sometimes called home button  204 ), push button  206  for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s)  208 , Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card slot  210 , head set jack  212 , and docking/charging external port  124 . Push button  206  is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In some embodiments, device  100  also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone  113 . Device  100  also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors  165  for detecting intensities of contacts on touch-sensitive display system  112  and/or one or more tactile output generators  167  for generating tactile outputs for a user of device  100 . 
       FIG.  3    is a block diagram of an example multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device  300  need not be portable. In some embodiments, device  300  is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child&#39;s learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device  300  typically includes one or more processing units (CPU&#39;s)  310 , one or more network or other communications interfaces  360 , memory  370 , and one or more communication buses  320  for interconnecting these components. Communication buses  320  optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device  300  includes input/output (I/O) interface  330  comprising display  340 , which is typically a touch-screen display. I/O interface  330  also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)  350  and touchpad  355 , tactile output generator  357  for generating tactile outputs on device  300  (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s)  167  described above with reference to  FIG.  1 A ), sensors  359  (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s)  165  described above with reference to  FIG.  1 A ). Memory  370  includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory  370  optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s)  310 . In some embodiments, memory  370  stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG.  1 A ), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100 . For example, memory  370  of device  300  optionally stores drawing module  380 , presentation module  382 , word processing module  384 , website creation module  386 , disk authoring module  388 , and/or spreadsheet module  390 , while memory  102  of portable multifunction device  100  ( FIG.  1 A ) optionally does not store these modules. 
     Each of the above identified elements in  FIG.  3    are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above identified modules or programs (i.e., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise re-arranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory  370  optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory  370  optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above. 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) that are, optionally, implemented on portable multifunction device  100 . 
       FIG.  4 A  illustrates an example user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device  100  in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces are, optionally, implemented on device  300 . In some embodiments, user interface  400  includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:
     Signal strength indicator(s) for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;   Time;   a Bluetooth indicator;   a Battery status indicator;   Tray  408  with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
       Icon  416  for telephone module  138 , labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator  414  of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;   Icon  418  for e-mail client module  140 , labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator  410  of the number of unread e-mails;   Icon  420  for browser module  147 , labeled “Browser;” and   Icon  422  for video and music player module  152 , labeled “Music;” and   
       Icons for other applications, such as:
       Icon  424  for IM module  141 , labeled “Messages;”   Icon  426  for calendar module  148 , labeled “Calendar;”   Icon  428  for image management module  144 , labeled “Photos;”   Icon  430  for camera module  143 , labeled “Camera;”   Icon  432  for online video module  155 , labeled “Online Video;”   Icon  434  for stocks mini application  149 - 2 , labeled “Stocks;”   Icon  436  for map module  154 , labeled “Maps;”   Icon  438  for weather mini application  149 - 1 , labeled “Weather;”   Icon  440  for alarm clock mini application  149 - 4 , labeled “Clock;”   Icon  442  for workout support module  142 , labeled “Workout Support;”   Icon  444  for notes module  153 , labeled “Notes;” and   Icon  446  for a settings application or module, which provides access to settings for device  100  and its various applications  136 .   
       

     It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in  FIG.  4 A  are merely examples. For example, other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon. 
       FIG.  4 B  illustrates an example user interface on a device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   ) with a touch-sensitive surface  451  (e.g., a tablet or touchpad  355 ,  FIG.  3   ) that is separate from the display  450 . Although many of the examples that follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display  112  (where the touch sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in  FIG.  4 B . In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG.  4 B ) has a primary axis (e.g.,  452  in  FIG.  4 B ) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g.,  453  in  FIG.  4 B ) on the display (e.g.,  450 ). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g.,  460  and  462  in  FIG.  4 B ) with the touch-sensitive surface  451  at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in  FIG.  4 B,  460    corresponds to  468  and  462  corresponds to  470 ). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts  460  and  462 , and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,  451  in  FIG.  4 B ) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g.,  450  in  FIG.  4 B ) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein. 
     Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures, etc.), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse based input or a stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously. 
     As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad  355  in  FIG.  3    or touch-sensitive surface  451  in  FIG.  4 B ) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch-screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system  112  in  FIG.  1 A  or the touch screen in  FIG.  4 A ) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch-screen display, a detected contact on the touch-screen acts as a “focus selector,” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch-screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations, focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch-screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch-screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user&#39;s intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact, or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact or a stylus contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average or a sum) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a user input allows for user access to additional device functionality that may otherwise not be readily accessible by the user on a reduced-size device with limited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or a physical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button). 
     In some embodiments, contact/motion module  130  uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device  100 ). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch-screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined thresholds values without changing the trackpad or touch-screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter). 
     As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristic intensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number of intensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting the contact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or after detecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an end of the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity of the contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionally based on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of the contact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an average value of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value of the intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of the intensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of the intensities of the contact, a value produced by low-pass filtering the intensity of the contact over a predefined period or starting at a predefined time, or the like. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used in determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds may include a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. In this example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does not exceed the first intensity threshold results in a first operation, a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity threshold and does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a second operation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the second intensity threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments, a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or more intensity thresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or more operations (e.g., whether to perform a respective option or forgo performing the respective operation) rather than being used to determine whether to perform a first operation or a second operation. 
     In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. For example, a touch-sensitive surface may receive a continuous swipe contact transitioning from a start location and reaching an end location (e.g., a drag gesture), at which point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, the characteristic intensity of the contact at the end location may be based on only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entire swipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the end location). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm may be applied to the intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining the characteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweighted sliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminate narrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. 
     The user interface figures described herein optionally include various intensity diagrams that show the current intensity of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface relative to one or more intensity thresholds (e.g., a contact detection intensity threshold IT 0 , a light press intensity threshold IT L , a deep press intensity threshold IT D  (e.g., that is at least initially higher than IT L ), and/or one or more other intensity thresholds (e.g., an intensity threshold IT H  that is lower than IT L )). This intensity diagram is typically not part of the displayed user interface, but is provided to aid in the interpretation of the figures. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations that are different from operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  below which the contact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different sets of user interface figures. 
     In some embodiments, the response of the device to inputs detected by the device depends on criteria based on the contact intensity during the input. For example, for some “light press” inputs, the intensity of a contact exceeding a first intensity threshold during the input triggers a first response. In some embodiments, the response of the device to inputs detected by the device depends on criteria that include both the contact intensity during the input and time-based criteria. For example, for some “deep press” inputs, the intensity of a contact exceeding a second intensity threshold during the input, greater than the first intensity threshold for a light press, triggers a second response only if a delay time has elapsed between meeting the first intensity threshold and meeting the second intensity threshold. This delay time is typically less than 200 ms (milliseconds) in duration (e.g., 40, 100, or 120 ms, depending on the magnitude of the second intensity threshold, with the delay time increasing as the second intensity threshold increases). This delay time helps to avoid accidental recognition of deep press inputs. As another example, for some “deep press” inputs, there is a reduced-sensitivity time period that occurs after the time at which the first intensity threshold is met. During the reduced-sensitivity time period, the second intensity threshold is increased. This temporary increase in the second intensity threshold also helps to avoid accidental deep press inputs. For other deep press inputs, the response to detection of a deep press input does not depend on time-based criteria. 
     In some embodiments, one or more of the input intensity thresholds and/or the corresponding outputs vary based on one or more factors, such as user settings, contact motion, input timing, application running, rate at which the intensity is applied, number of concurrent inputs, user history, environmental factors (e.g., ambient noise), focus selector position, and the like. Example factors are described in U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 14/399,606 and 14/624,296, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties. 
     For example,  FIG.  4 C  illustrates a dynamic intensity threshold  480  that changes over time based in part on the intensity of touch input  476  over time. Dynamic intensity threshold  480  is a sum of two components, first component  474  that decays over time after a predefined delay time pl from when touch input  476  is initially detected, and second component  478  that trails the intensity of touch input  476  over time. The initial high intensity threshold of first component  474  reduces accidental triggering of a “deep press” response, while still allowing an immediate “deep press” response if touch input  476  provides sufficient intensity. Second component  478  reduces unintentional triggering of a “deep press” response by gradual intensity fluctuations of in a touch input. In some embodiments, when touch input  476  satisfies dynamic intensity threshold  480  (e.g., at point  481  in  FIG.  4 C ), the “deep press” response is triggered. 
       FIG.  4 D  illustrates another dynamic intensity threshold  486  (e.g., intensity threshold I D ).  FIG.  4 D  also illustrates two other intensity thresholds: a first intensity threshold I H  and a second intensity threshold I L . In  FIG.  4 D , although touch input  484  satisfies the first intensity threshold I H  and the second intensity threshold I L  prior to time p 2 , no response is provided until delay time p 2  has elapsed at time  482 . Also in  FIG.  4 D , dynamic intensity threshold  486  decays over time, with the decay starting at time  488  after a predefined delay time p 1  has elapsed from time  482  (when the response associated with the second intensity threshold I L  was triggered). This type of dynamic intensity threshold reduces accidental triggering of a response associated with the dynamic intensity threshold I D  immediately after, or concurrently with, triggering a response associated with a lower intensity threshold, such as the first intensity threshold I H  or the second intensity threshold I L . 
       FIG.  4 E  illustrate yet another dynamic intensity threshold  492  (e.g., intensity threshold I D ). In  FIG.  4 E , a response associated with the intensity threshold I L  is triggered after the delay time p 2  has elapsed from when touch input  490  is initially detected. Concurrently, dynamic intensity threshold  492  decays after the predefined delay time p 1  has elapsed from when touch input  490  is initially detected. So a decrease in intensity of touch input  490  after triggering the response associated with the intensity threshold I L , followed by an increase in the intensity of touch input  490 , without releasing touch input  490 , can trigger a response associated with the intensity threshold I D  (e.g., at time  494 ) even when the intensity of touch input  490  is below another intensity threshold, for example, the intensity threshold I L . 
     An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the light press intensity threshold IT L  to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold IT L  and the deep press intensity threshold IT D  is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep press intensity threshold IT D  to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold IT D  is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  and the light press intensity threshold IT L  is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on the touch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  to an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold IT 0  is sometimes referred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface. In some embodiments IT 0  is zero. In some embodiments, IT 0  is greater than zero. In some illustrations a shaded circle or oval is used to represent intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some illustrations, a circle or oval without shading is used represent a respective contact on the touch-sensitive surface without specifying the intensity of the respective contact. 
     In some embodiments, described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the respective operation is performed on a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., the respective operation is performed on an “up stroke” of the respective press input). 
     In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., the respective operation is performed on an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances). 
     For ease of explanation, the description of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold. As described above, in some embodiments, the triggering of these responses also depends on time-based criteria being met (e.g., a delay time has elapsed between a first intensity threshold being met and a second intensity threshold being met). 
     User Interfaces and Associated Processes 
     Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces (“UI”) and associated processes that may be implemented on an electronic device, such as portable multifunction device  100  or device  300 , with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, (optionally) one or more tactile output generators for generating tactile outputs, and (optionally) one or more sensors to detect intensities of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. 
       FIGS.  5 A- 5 AZ  illustrate example user interfaces for clearing sets of notifications in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G . For convenience of explanation, some of the embodiments will be discussed with reference to operations performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112 . In such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective finger or stylus contact, a representative point corresponding to a finger or stylus contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  in response to detecting the contacts on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in the figures on the display  450 , along with a focus selector. 
     FIGS.  5 A 1  to  5 A 4  illustrate activation of a display (e.g., touch-sensitive display  112 ) in response to changing an orientation of device  100 . When the display has been activated, notifications that were received while the device was in a screen-off state were received. These notifications are displayed when the device transitions to a screen-on state. In some embodiments, the device uses one or more sensors (e.g., accelerometer, gyro, audio sensor, heat sensor, and/or light sensor) to determine whether an orientation of the device has changed. For example, the device determines whether the device has been rotated by more than a threshold angle (e.g., rotated along an axis of the device, such as tilted from a position in which the device is substantially horizontal to a position in which the device is substantially vertical). In FIG.  5 A 1 , the device is in a screen-off state while it is held flat in a user&#39;s hand  502 , such that the device display is substantially horizontal. In FIG.  5 A 2 , the device is tilted such that the display is more vertical than in FIG.  5 A 1 . Because a tilt angle of the device has not increased above a threshold tilt angle in FIG.  5 A 2 , the display is not activated. In FIG.  5 A 3 , the device is tilted such that the display is more vertical than in FIG.  5 A 2 . Because a tilt angle of the device has increased above a threshold tilt angle in FIG.  5 A 3 , the display has transitioned from a screen-off state to a screen-on state and wake screen user interface  504  is displayed by the display  112 . In FIG.  5 A 4 , the display  112  is substantially vertical. 
     In some embodiments, wake screen user interface  504  is a user interface that is displayed when the device transitions from a screen-off state to a screen-on state (e.g., while the device  100  is in a locked state) and wake screen user interface  504  is available to be redisplayed (e.g., to allow a user to view notifications, access a mini application user interface and/or access a control center user interface, as described further below) after the device is unlocked. In some embodiments, when wake screen user interface  504  is accessed after the device is unlocked, wake screen user interface  504  is referred to as a cover sheet user interface. The terms “wake screen user interface” and “cover sheet user interface” are used interchangeably herein to refer to wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIG.  5 B  illustrates a wake screen user interface  504 , in accordance with some embodiments. Wake screen user interface  504  displays missed notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  that were received and/or generated by device  100  (e.g., while device  100  was in a screen-off state). 
     In some embodiments, the missed notifications that are displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  are cleared individually in response to user interaction with a notification (e.g., when a user accesses an application that corresponds to a notification, as illustrated at  FIGS.  5 L- 5 M , or when a user provides input to delete a notification, as illustrated at  FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC ). In some embodiments, a set of all missed notifications are collectively cleared when notification clearance criteria are satisfied, e.g., when input is received at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the last direct user interaction that dismissed a respective notification. 
     In  FIGS.  5 B- 5 D , the device transitions from a screen-on state to a screen-off state. Since this transition has not occurred after a user interaction to dismiss a notification, the missed notifications remain displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 D . 
     After device  100  transitions from a screen-off state, as shown in  FIG.  5 A , to a screen-on state, as shown in  FIG.  5 B , the device  100  transitions from the screen-on state back to a screen-off state, as shown in  FIG.  5 C . In some embodiments, a transition from a screen-on state to a screen-off state (and/or from a screen-off state to a screen-on state) occurs in response to an input detected at a control (e.g., a push button  206 ) of device  100 . In some embodiments, a transition from a screen-on state to a screen-off state occurs when a time during which no input has been detected by the device increases beyond a threshold duration. 
     In  FIG.  5 D , the device has transitioned from the screen-off state shown in  FIG.  5 C  back to a screen-on state. Notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  continue to be displayed after the transition from a screen-on state (as shown in  FIG.  5 B ) to a screen-off state (as shown in  FIG.  5 C ) and back to a screen-on state (as shown in  FIG.  5 D ). 
     In  FIGS.  5 E- 5 K , a set of missed notifications remains available on wake screen user interface  504  after user input is provided to unlock the device. 
       FIG.  5 E  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  514 . In response to the input, in accordance with a determination that the device is locked, an authentication user interface  518  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 F . 
     In  FIG.  5 G , an authentication input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location within authentication user interface  518 , as indicated by focus selector  520 . In response to the authentication input, the device is unlocked and home screen user interface  522  (e.g., a user interface for a menu of applications as described with regard to  FIG.  4 A ) is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 H . 
       FIGS.  5 I- 5 J  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at an upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  524 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 I- 5 K . As indicated in  FIG.  5 K , notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  continue to be displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  when wake screen user interface  504  is revealed after the device is unlocked and home screen user interface  522  is displayed. 
       FIGS.  5 L- 5 M  illustrate a user interaction with notification  510  that causes the notification to be dismissed (as shown in  FIG.  5 P ), while notifications  506 ,  508 , and  512  remain displayed on wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., because no transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state has occurred since the user interaction to dismiss notification  510 ). 
     In  FIG.  5 L , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location that corresponds to notification  510 , as indicated by focus selector  528 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  ceases to be displayed and an application user interface (e.g., messages application user interface  530 ) that corresponds to the notification  510  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 M . 
       FIGS.  5 N- 5 O  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112  at an upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  532 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 N- 5 P . As indicated in  FIG.  5 P , as a result of the interaction with notification  510  (e.g., the tap input on notification  510  that caused the messages application user interface  530  to be displayed) notification  510  is no longer displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . In  FIG.  5 P , notifications  506 ,  508 , and  512  continue to be displayed on the wake screen user interface  504 . 
     In  FIGS.  5 Q- 5 X , after navigation to a first application user interface and from the first application user interface to a second application user interface, notifications  506 ,  508 , and  512  continue to be displayed (as shown in  FIG.  5 X ). 
       FIG.  5 Q  illustrates an input (e.g., a upward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  534 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides up from the lower edge of display  112  to redisplay the underlying messages application user interface  530  (that was previously covered by wake screen user interface  504 ), as shown in  FIGS.  5 Q- 5 R . 
       FIG.  5 S  illustrates an input by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at a location near the lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  536 . In response to the input, during which the focus selector moves along a path indicated by arrow  538 , messages application user interface  530  moves along the path indicated by arrow  538  to reveal web browser application user interface  540 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 S- 5 U . 
       FIGS.  5 V- 5 W  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  542 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the lower edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 V- 5 X . 
       FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC  illustrate a user interaction with notification  506  that causes notification  506  to be dismissed (as shown in  FIG.  5 AC ), while notifications  508  and  512  remain displayed on wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., because no transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state has occurred since the user interaction to dismiss notification  510  and no transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state has occurred since the user interaction to dismiss notification  506 ). 
       FIGS.  5 AD- 5 AO  illustrate user input to access a music application user interface  560  and to initiate an active playback mode of the music application. While the music application is in an active playback mode, a media banner  568  is displayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 AO .  FIGS.  5 AP- 5 AU  illustrate input to stop media playback. When music application is not in an active playback mode, media banner  568  is no longer displayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 AU . 
       FIGS.  5 Y- 5 Z  illustrate an input (e.g., a horizontal drag input) by a contact on touch screen  112  at a location that corresponds to notification  506 , as indicated by focus selector  544 . In response to the input, deletion affordance  546  is revealed at a location that is adjacent to notification  506 , as shown in  FIG.  5 Z . In  FIG.  5 AA , the contact indicated by focus selector  544  has lifted off of touch screen  112 . 
     In  FIG.  5 AB , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to deletion affordance  546 , as indicated by focus selector  548 . In response to the input, notification  506  ceases to be displayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 AC . In  FIG.  5 AC , notifications  508  and  512  continue to be displayed on the wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 AD- 5 AE  illustrate an input (e.g., an upward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  550 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides up from the lower edge of display  112  to redisplay the underlying web browser application user interface  540  (that was previously covered by wake screen user interface  504 ), as shown in  FIGS.  5 AD- 5 AF . 
       FIG.  5 AG  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location that corresponds to home affordance  552 , as indicated by focus selector  554 . In response to the input, display of web browser application user interface  540  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 AG- 5 AH . 
     In  FIG.  5 AI , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to affordance  556  for displaying a music application interface, as indicated by focus selector  558 . In response to the input, a music application user interface  552  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 AJ . 
     In  FIG.  5 AK , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to media playback control affordance  562 , as indicated by focus selector  564 . In response to the input, the music application transitions to an active playback mode (e.g., music playback is initiated) as shown in  FIG.  5 AL  (e.g., as indicated by the changed state of media playback control affordance  562 ). 
       FIGS.  5 AM- 5 AN  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  566 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 AM- 5 AO . 
       FIG.  5 AO  shows a wake screen user interface  504  that displays a media banner  568  that corresponds to the ongoing music playback initiated from the music application. As indicated in  FIG.  5 AP , media banner  568  includes media track information  570  and a banner playback control affordance  572 . 
     In  FIG.  5 AP , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to banner playback control affordance  572 , as indicated by focus selector  574 . In response to the input, music playback is paused as shown in  FIG.  5 AQ  (e.g., as indicated by the changed state of banner playback control affordance  572 ). 
       FIG.  5 AR  illustrates an input (e.g., a upward swipe) that is initiated by a contact near the lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  576 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides up from the lower edge of display  112  to redisplay the underlying music user interface  522  (that was previously covered by wake screen user interface  504 ), as shown in  FIGS.  5 AR- 5 AS . 
       FIG.  5 AT  illustrates an input (e.g., a downward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  578 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 AT- 5 AU . 
     In  FIG.  5 AU , media banner  568  is no longer displayed on wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., because the input to display wake screen user interface  504  was received while the music application was not in an active media playback mode). 
       FIGS.  5 AV- 5 AW  illustrate a transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state that occurs after the user interaction to dismiss notification  510  (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 L- 5 P ) and after the user interaction to dismiss notification  606  (as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC ). As shown in  FIG.  5 AW , because notification clearance criteria are satisfied (e.g., input (to transition the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state) is received at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the last direct user interaction that dismissed a respective notification), all notifications have been cleared from wake screen  504 . 
     In  FIG.  5 AV , device  100  has transitioned from the screen-on state, as shown in  FIG.  5 AU , to a screen-off state. 
     After the screen has transitioned from a screen-off state, as shown in  FIG.  5 AV , back to a screen-on state, as shown in FIG. AW (and after the user has interacted with at least one notification, e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 L- 5 P  and/or as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC ), wake screen user interface  504  is displayed with no notifications. 
       FIGS.  5 AW- 5 AZ  illustrate a “rubber band” effect that occurs when an input by a contact with touch screen  112  (as indicated by focus selector  580 ) drags a time/date indicator  582  downward, and then the time/date indicator moves back to its original position in response to lift off of the contact from the touch sensitive surface. As focus selector  580  moves across touch screen  112  along a path indicated by arrow  584 , time/date indicator  582  moves in accordance with the movement of the focus selector  580 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 AW- 5 AX . When focus selector  580  lifts off of touch screen  112 , the time/date indicator  582  returns to its original position, as shown in  FIGS.  5 AY- 5 AZ . 
       FIGS.  5 BA- 5 CX  illustrate example user interfaces for displaying notification history, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E . For convenience of explanation, some of the embodiments will be discussed with reference to operations performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112 . In such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective finger or stylus contact, a representative point corresponding to a finger or stylus contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  in response to detecting the contacts on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in the figures on the display  450 , along with a focus selector. 
       FIG.  5 BA  displays wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., in response to an event that triggered a transition from a screen-off state to a screen-on state). Wake screen user interface  504  displays missed notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592 . 
       FIGS.  5 BB- 5 BE  illustrate a “rubber band” effect that occurs when an input by a contact with touch screen  112  (as indicated by focus selector  594 ) drags missed notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592  and time/date indicator  582  downward, and then the missed notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592  and time/date indicator  582  move back to their original positions in response to lift off of the contact from the touch sensitive surface. As focus selector  594  moves across touch screen  112  along a path indicated by arrow  596 , missed notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592  and time/date indicator  582  move in accordance with the movement of the focus selector  594 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 BB- 5 BC . When focus selector  594  lifts off of touch screen  112 , notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592  and time/date indicator  582  return to their original positions, as shown in  FIGS.  5 BD- 5 BE . 
       FIGS.  5 BF- 5 BG  illustrate an input (e.g., an upward swipe) that causes missed notifications to scroll upwards, but that does not meet criteria for displaying previously received notifications. In  FIG.  5 BF , an input is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  598 , within a region on wake screen interface  504  (e.g., a region delineated by dotted line  5100 ) in which notifications  586 - 592  are displayed. In response to the input, missed notifications  586 - 592  move upward, as shown in  FIGS.  5 BF- 5 BG , revealing an additional missed notification  5102  and a previously received notification indicator  5104 , as shown in  FIG.  5 BH . 
       FIGS.  5 BI- 5 BN  illustrate an input that meets criteria for displaying previously received notifications. In  FIG.  5 BI , an input (e.g., an upward swipe) is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112  (e.g., at a location that corresponds to previously received notification indicator  5102 ), as indicated by focus selector  5106 . In response to the input, missed notifications  586 - 592  move upward, as shown in  FIGS.  5 BJ -SBP. As shown in  FIG.  5 BK , when movement of the focus selector  5106  across touch screen  112  has increased above a threshold distance (as indicated by  5108 ), previously received notification  506  is displayed, and the device generates a tactile output (as indicated at  5112 ). After the focus selector  5106  moves beyond the threshold distance, additional previously received notifications  508  and  510  are displayed, and the previously received notifications  506 ,  508 , and  510  move at a faster rate than the rate of movement of focus selector  5106  and missed notifications  590 ,  592  and  5102  (e.g., to provide a visual effect of the previously received notifications  506 ,  508 , and  510  “rushing to catch up” with the missed notifications  590 ,  592  and  5102 ), as shown in  FIGS.  5 BK- 5 BM . In  FIGS.  5 BM- 5 BN , focus selector  5106  continues to move upward across touch screen  112 , and previously received notification  512  is revealed. In  FIGS.  5 BO- 5 BP , after the contact indicated by focus selector  5106  has lifted off from touch screen  112 , previously received notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  continue to move upward. 
       FIGS.  5 BQ- 5 BR  illustrate an input that displays additional previously received notifications. In  FIG.  5 BQ , an input (e.g., an upward swipe) is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5120 , within a region on wake screen interface  504  in which previously received notifications  506 - 512  are displayed. In response to the input, previously received notifications  506 - 512  move upward, as shown in  FIGS.  5 BQ- 5 BR . In  FIG.  5 BR , a second previously received notification indicator  5122  (e.g., for notifications received on the previous day) and a previously received notification  5124  (e.g., received on the previous day) are displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 BS- 5 BT  illustrate an input to redisplay missed notifications. In  FIG.  5 BS , an input (e.g., a downward swipe) is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5126 , within a region on wake screen interface  504  in which previously received notifications  506 - 512  and  5124  are displayed. In response to the input, previously received notifications  506 - 512  and  5124  scroll downwards and missed notifications  590 ,  592 , and  5102  are redisplayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 BS- 5 BU . 
       FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BZ  illustrate a user interaction with notification  592  that causes the notification to be dismissed (as shown in  FIG.  5 BZ ), while missed notifications other than  592  and previously received notifications remain displayed on wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., because no transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state has occurred since the user interaction to dismiss notification  592 ). 
       FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BW  illustrate an input (e.g., a horizontal drag input) by a contact on touch screen  112  at a location that corresponds to notification  592 , as indicated by focus selector  5128 . In response to the input, deletion affordance  5130  is revealed at a location that is adjacent to notification  592 , as shown in  FIG.  5 BW . In  FIG.  5 BX , the contact indicated by focus selector  5130  has lifted off of touch screen  112 . 
     In  FIG.  5 BY , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to deletion affordance  5130 , as indicated by focus selector  5132 . In response to the input, notification  592  ceases to be displayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 BZ . 
       FIG.  5 CA  illustrates an input that meets criteria for dismissing previously dismissed notifications. In response to the input, only missed notifications remain displayed on wake screen  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 CB . 
       FIGS.  5 CA- 5 CB  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5136 , within a region on wake screen interface  504  in which missed notifications (e.g.,  592  and  5102 ) and/or previously received notifications (e.g.,  506 - 510 ) are displayed. In response to the input, previously received notifications  506 - 510  scroll downwards and missed notifications  586 ,  588 ,  592 , and  5102  are redisplayed on wake screen user interface  504 , as shown in  FIG.  5 CA- 5 CB . 
       FIGS.  5 CC- 5 CQ  illustrate input for accessing a control center user interface  5138 , a mini application user interface  5140 , and a user interface underlying wake screen user interface (e.g., home screen user interface  522 ) from wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 CC- 5 CD  illustrate an input (e.g., a leftward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5136 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides to the left and control center user interface  5138  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 CC- 5 CE . 
       FIGS.  5 CF- 5 CG  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5142 . In response to the input, control center user interface  5138  slides to the right and wake screen user interface  504  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 CF- 5 CH . 
       FIGS.  5 CI- 5 CJ  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5144 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides to the right and mini application user interface  5140  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 CI- 5 CK . 
       FIGS.  5 CL- 5 CM  illustrate an input (e.g., a leftward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5146 . In response to the input, mini application user interface  5140  slides to the left and wake screen user interface  504  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 CL- 5 CN . 
       FIG.  5 CO  illustrates an input by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5146 . In response to the input, display of wake screen user interface  504  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 CO- 5 CQ . 
       FIGS.  5 CR- 5 CS  illustrate a transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state that occurs after the user interaction to dismiss notification  592  (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BZ ). As shown in  FIG.  5 CS , because notification clearance criteria are satisfied (e.g., input (to transition the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state) is received at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the last direct user interaction that dismissed a respective notification), all notifications have been cleared from wake screen  504 . 
     In  FIG.  5 CR , device  100  has transitioned from the screen-on state, as shown in  FIG.  5 CQ , to a screen-off state. 
     After the screen has transitioned from a screen-off state, as shown in  FIG.  5 CR , back to a screen-on state, as shown in  FIG.  5 CS  (and after the user has interacted with at least one notification, e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BZ ), wake screen user interface  504  is displayed with no notifications. 
       FIGS.  5 CS- 5 CV  illustrate a “rubber band” effect that occurs when an input by a contact with touch screen  112  (as indicated by focus selector  5150 ) drags a time/date indicator  582  downward, and then the time/date indicator moves back to its original position in response to lift off of the contact from the touch sensitive surface. 
     After all notifications have been cleared, as shown at  FIG.  5 CS , the cleared notifications can be recalled, as shown at  FIGS.  5 CW- 5 CX .  FIG.  5 CW  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) that is initiated by a contact with touch screen  112  at a location on wake screen user interface  504 , as indicated by focus selector  5152 . In response to the input, the notifications that were displayed as missed notifications  586 - 592  and subsequently cleared (as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 BA,  5 BV- 5 BZ, and  5 CR- 5 CS ) move upward when movement of the focus selector  5152  across touch screen  112  has increased above a threshold distance. In  FIG.  5 CX , the notifications that were displayed as missed notifications  586 - 592  are displayed as previously received notifications. 
       FIGS.  5 CY- 5 EB  illustrate example user interfaces for displaying updating information from an application in a floating banner, in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS.  8 A- 8 C . For convenience of explanation, some of the embodiments will be discussed with reference to operations performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112 . In such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective finger or stylus contact, a representative point corresponding to a finger or stylus contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  in response to detecting the contacts on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in the figures on the display  450 , along with a focus selector. 
       FIGS.  5 CY- 5 DA  illustrate input for activating a navigation mode of a maps application and displaying a navigation banner  5160  that corresponds to the active navigation mode of the maps application. 
       FIG.  5 CY  shows a maps application user interface  5154  displayed by display  112  of device  100 . 
     In  FIG.  5 CZ , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location that corresponds to a control  5156  for activating a navigation mode of the maps application, as indicated by focus selector  5158 . In response to the input, the navigation mode of the maps application is initiated, and a navigation mode user interface is displayed in maps application user interface  5154 , as indicated at FIG. DA. A navigation banner  5160  (e.g., that includes navigation direction text and/or a navigation direction image, such as a direction arrow) is displayed on the navigation mode user interface of the maps application user interface  5154 . 
     In  FIGS.  5 DB- 5 DF , the “floating” aspect of navigation banner  5160  is illustrated, as navigation banner  5160  continues to be displayed overlying cover sheet user interface  504  (referred to above as wake screen user interface  504 ) as cover sheet user interface  504  slides down to cover maps application user interface  5154 .  FIGS.  5 DD- 5 DE  illustrate how navigation banner  5160  is anchored to time/date object  582  in cover sheet user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 DB- 5 DF  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at an upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5162 . In response to the input, cover sheet user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 DC- 5 DF . As shown in  FIGS.  5 DC- 5 DD , notifications  5164  and  5168  that are displayed on cover sheet user interface  504  descend as cover sheet user interface  504  slides down, while navigation banner  5160  remains at a fixed position on cover sheet  504  (e.g., cover sheet  504  and its notifications  5164  and  5168  appear to slide down behind navigation banner  5160 ). As shown in  FIGS.  5 DD- 5 DE , in accordance with a determination that cover sheet user interface  504  has descended a threshold distance relative to navigation banner  5160 , navigation banner  5160  becomes “attached” to the cover sheet user interface and begins to move downward while cover sheet user interface  504  moves downward. As shown in  FIGS.  5 DD- 5 DF , a time/date object  582  that is displayed on cover sheet user interface  504  is gradually revealed as cover sheet user interface  504  moves downward. In accordance with a determination that the time/date object  582  has reached a predefined location on the display, time/date object  582  and navigation banner  5160  cease to move as the cover sheet user interface  504  continues its descent (and notifications  5164  and  5168  continue to move downward with the cover sheet user interface  504 ). 
     In  FIG.  5 DG , the contact indicated by focus selector  5162  has lifted off of cover sheet user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 DH- 5 DI  illustrate input at navigation banner  5160  to display the user interface  5154  of the corresponding maps application. 
     In  FIG.  5 DH , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location that corresponds to navigation banner  5160 , as indicated by focus selector  5168 . In response to the input, cover sheet user interface  504  ceases to be displayed and maps application user interface  5154  is redisplayed, as indicated at  FIG.  5 DI . In  FIG.  5 DI , navigation banner  5160  is displayed on the navigation mode user interface of the maps application user interface  5154 . 
       FIGS.  5 DJ- 5 DS  illustrate input to display a home screen user interface  522  (over which navigation banner  5160  continues to be displayed), to pull down cover sheet user interface  504  over home screen user interface  522 , and to show the continuous display of navigation banner  5160  as home screen user interface  522  is revealed from under cover sheet  522 . 
       FIG.  5 DJ  illustrates an input by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location that corresponds to home affordance  552 , as indicated by focus selector  5170 . In response to the input, display of map application user interface  5154  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 DJ- 5 DM . Navigation banner  5160  remains displayed at the same position during the transition from displaying map application user interface  5154  to displaying home screen user interface  522 . Navigation banner  5160  is displayed overlaying home screen user interface  522 . 
       FIGS.  5 DN- 5 DO  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5172 . In response to the input, cover sheet user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 DN- 5 DP . 
       FIG.  5 DQ  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe input) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location indicated by focus selector  5174 . In response to the input, display of cover sheet user interface  504  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 DQ- 5 DS . 
       FIG.  5 DT- 5 DW  illustrate input that causes transition of navigation banner  5160  from a banner form (as shown in  FIG.  5 DT ) to pill form (as shown in  FIG.  5 DW ). 
       FIGS.  5 DT- 5 DU  illustrate an input (e.g., an upward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location that corresponds to navigation banner  5160 , as indicated by focus selector  5176 . In response to the input, navigation banner  5160  gradually transitions from a banner format, as shown in  FIG.  5 DT , to a pill format, as shown in  FIG.  5 DW . For example, as navigation banner  5160  gradually transitions from a banner format to a pill format, an animation is displayed in which navigation text  5178  in navigation banner  5160  ceases to be displayed, navigation direction arrow  5180  shrinks, navigation banner  5160  gradually shrinks and moves leftward, and a time  5182  is displayed (e.g., adjacent to navigation direction arrow  5180 ) in the pill format of navigation banner  5160 . 
       FIGS.  5 DX- 5 DW  illustrate input on navigation banner  5160  (in the pill format) that causes an application that corresponds to the banner to be displayed. 
     In  FIG.  5 DX , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location that corresponds to navigation banner  5160  (in the pill format), as indicated by focus selector  5184 . In response to the input, because the content of navigation banner  5160  (in the pill format) corresponds to the navigation mode of the map application, home screen user interface  522  ceases to be displayed and maps application user interface  5154  is redisplayed, as indicated at  FIG.  5 DY . In  FIG.  5 DY , navigation banner  5160  is displayed on the navigation mode user interface of the maps application user interface  5154 . 
       FIGS.  5 DZ- 5 EA  illustrate banners that are displayed on device  100  when device  100  is in a screen-off state. 
     In  FIG.  5 DZ , device  100  has transitioned from the screen-on state, as shown in  FIG.  5 DY , to a screen-off state. Because the navigation mode of the map application was active when the device  100  transitioned to the screen-off state, navigation banner  5160  is displayed on device  100  while the device is in the “screen-off” state (e.g., aside from displaying the navigation banner  5160 , the display  112  is blank). 
     In  FIG.  5 EA , while the device  100  is in the “screen-off” state, a notification  5186  is received. The received notification  5186  is displayed on display  112  of device  100  while the device  100  is in the “screen-off state” (e.g., aside from displaying the received notification  5186  and/or the navigation banner  5160 , the display  112  is blank). 
     In  FIG.  5 EB , device  100  has transitioned from the screen-off state, as shown in  FIGS.  5 DZ- 5 EA , to a screen-on state, and cover sheet user interface  504  is displayed on the display  112  of device  100 . 
       FIGS.  5 EC- 5 GU  illustrate example user interfaces for navigation using a cover sheet in accordance with some embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C . For convenience of explanation, some of the embodiments will be discussed with reference to operations performed on a device with a touch-sensitive display system  112 . In such embodiments, the focus selector is, optionally: a respective finger or stylus contact, a representative point corresponding to a finger or stylus contact (e.g., a centroid of a respective contact or a point associated with a respective contact), or a centroid of two or more contacts detected on the touch-sensitive display system  112 . However, analogous operations are, optionally, performed on a device with a display  450  and a separate touch-sensitive surface  451  in response to detecting the contacts on the touch-sensitive surface  451  while displaying the user interfaces shown in the figures on the display  450 , along with a focus selector. 
     FIGS.  5 EC 1  to  5 EC 4  illustrate activation of a display (e.g., touch-sensitive display  112 ) in response to changing an orientation of device  100 . When the display has been activated, notifications that were received while the device was in a screen-off state were received. These notifications are displayed when the device transitions to a screen-on state. In FIG.  5 EC 1 , the device is in a screen-off state while it is held flat in a user&#39;s hand  502 , such that the device display is substantially horizontal. In FIG.  5 EC 2 , the device is tilted such that the display is more vertical than in FIG.  5 EC 1 . Because a tilt angle of the device has not increased above a threshold tilt angle in FIG.  5 EC 2 , the display is not activated. In FIG.  5 EC 3 , the device is tilted such that the display is more vertical than in FIG.  5 EC 2 . Because a tilt angle of the device has increased above a threshold tilt angle in FIG.  5 EC 3 , the display has transitioned from a screen-off state to a screen-on state and wake screen user interface  504  (also referred to herein as a cover sheet user interface  504 ) is displayed by the display  112 . In FIG.  5 EC 4 , the display  112  is substantially vertical. 
       FIG.  5 ED  illustrates a wake screen user interface  504 , in accordance with some embodiments. Wake screen user interface  504  displays missed notification  5188  that was received and/or generated by device  100  (e.g., while device  100  was in a screen-off state). In some embodiments, wake screen user interface  504  additionally displays controls, such as a subset of controls from a control center user interface  5138  (e.g., a flashlight control  5190  and a camera control  5192 ). 
     In some embodiments, different input criteria must be met to activate a flashlight control  5190  when it is displayed on a wake screen user interface  504  and when it is displayed in a control center user interface  5138 , as illustrated in  FIGS.  5 EE- 5 EJ and  5 ET- 5 EW . Because wake screen user interface  504  may be displayed (e.g., in response to tilting the device) at a time when the user does not wish to provide input, more stringent criteria are applied for operating controls displayed on the wake screen user interface to prevent unintentional operation of the controls. 
     In some embodiments, input that has one effect when it is applied to a control (e.g., camera control  5192 ) when it is displayed in control center user interface  5138  has a different effect when the control is displayed in wake screen user interface  504 . For example, a light press input on camera control  5192  causes a menu  5220  to be displayed when camera control  5192  is displayed in control center user interface  5138 , and the light press input on camera control  5192  causes activation of a camera application when camera control  5192  is displayed in wake screen user interface  504 , as illustrated by  FIGS.  5 EX- 5 FN . 
     In some embodiments, a time/date object  582  shifts horizontally as input for navigating from wake screen user interface  504  to adjacent user interfaces (control center user interface  5138  and widget user interface  5140 ) to indicate the direction of input needed to return to the wake screen user interface  504 , as illustrate at  FIGS.  5 EJ- 5 EP  and  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ES and  5 FF- 5 FH . An overview of the arrangement wake screen user interface  504  to adjacent user interfaces control center user interface  5138  and widget user interface  5140  is shown in  FIG.  5 FR . 
       FIGS.  5 EE- 5 EG  illustrate a first flashlight activation input (e.g., a light press input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5194 , at a location that corresponds to a flashlight control  5190  that is displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . In  FIG.  5 EE , a characteristic intensity of the contact is above a detection threshold IT 0 , as indicated by intensity level meter  5196 , and below a light press intensity level IT L . In  FIG.  5 EF , in accordance with a determination that a characteristic intensity of the contact has increased above a light press intensity threshold, as indicated by IT L  on intensity level meter  5196 , a flashlight is activated, as indicated by flashlight beam  5198 . In  FIG.  5 EG , the contact indicated by focus selector  5194  has lifted off of touch screen  112 . 
       FIGS.  5 EH- 5 EI  illustrate a first flashlight deactivation input (e.g., a light press input) by a contact with touch screen  112  at a location that corresponds to flashlight control  5190 , as indicated by focus selector  5200 . In  FIG.  5 EI , in accordance with a determination that a characteristic intensity of the contact has increased above a light press intensity threshold, as indicated by IT L  on intensity level meter  5196  while the flashlight is on, the flashlight is shut off. In  FIG.  5 EJ , the contact indicated by focus selector  5200  has lifted off of touch screen  112 . 
       FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EL  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5202 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides to the right and mini application user interface  5140  is revealed, as shown in  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EM . Mini application user interface  5140  displays mini application objects  583 ,  585 ,  587 , and  589  that include a subset of content from application. As wake screen user interface  504  slides to the right, time/date object  582  moves from a position in the center of the display  112 , as shown in  FIG.  5 EK , to a position at the right of the display  112 , as shown in  FIG.  5 EM . Repositioning time/date object  582  provides a visual indication to the user of the direction of the swipe input needed to return to wake screen  504 . 
     In some embodiments, a mini application object (e.g., as illustrated by mini application objects  583 ,  585 ,  587 , and  589 ) is configured to perform a subset, less than all, of the functions of a corresponding application. In some embodiments, a mini application object displays an identifier for the corresponding application. In some embodiments, a mini application object displays a portion of the content the corresponding application. In some embodiments, a predefined input on a mini application object launches the corresponding application. In some embodiments, a mini application object operates as a standalone application residing in memory of the device, distinct from an associated application also residing in the memory of the device. For example, a mini application object corresponding to a social networking application operates as a single-purpose or streamlined application with a subset, less than all, of the functionality of the corresponding application, but is associated with the full-featured social networking application. In this example, the mini application object operates independently of the social networking application, and in a scenario where the social networking application is not running, the mini application object continues to operate. In some embodiments, a mini application object operates as an extension or component of an associated application on the device. 
       FIGS.  5 EN- 5 EO  illustrate an input (e.g., a leftward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5204 . In response to the input, mini application user interface  5140  slides to the left and wake screen user interface  504  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 EN- 5 EP . As mini application user interface  5140  slides to the left, time/date object  582  moves from a position in at the right of the display  112 , as shown in  FIG.  5 EN , to a position in the center of the display  112 , as shown in  FIG.  5 EP . Repositioning time/date object  582  provides a visual indication to the user of the direction of the swipe input needed to return to wake screen  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ER  illustrate an input (e.g., a leftward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5206 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides to the left and control center user interface  5138  is revealed, as shown in  FIG.  5 EQ- 5 ES . As wake screen user interface  5140  slides to the left, time/date object  582  moves from a position in at the center of the display, as shown in  FIG.  5 EQ , to a position at the left of the display, as shown in  FIG.  5 ES . Repositioning time/date object  582  provides a visual indication to the user of the direction of the swipe input needed to return to wake screen  504 . 
       FIG.  5 ET  illustrates a second flashlight activation input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5208 , at a location that corresponds to a flashlight control  5190  that is displayed on control center user interface  5138 . In response to the input, a flashlight is activated, as indicated by flashlight beam  5210  in FIG. EU. Because a wake screen user interface  504  is displayed on waking the device (e.g., when the device is tilted as described with regard to FIGS.  5 EC 1 - 5 EC 4 ), input that meets threshold intensity criteria (e.g., light press intensity criteria) is needed to activate the flashlight using a flashlight control  5190  displayed in the wake screen user interface  504 . In this way, accidental activation of the flashlight is avoided. When the user has provided input to navigate to control center user interface  5138 , a tap input (as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 ET- 5 EU ) is sufficient to activate the flashlight. 
       FIG.  5 EV  illustrates a second flashlight deactivation input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact with touch screen  112  at a location that corresponds to flashlight control  5190 , as indicated by focus selector  5212 . In response to the input, the flashlight is shut off, as indicated at  FIG.  5 EW . 
       FIG.  5 EX  illustrates a control center camera application activation input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5214 , at a location that corresponds to a camera control  5192  that is displayed on control center user interface  5138 . In response to the control center camera application activation input, display of the control center user interface  5138  is replaced by display of a camera application user interface  5216 , as shown in  FIG.  5 EY . 
       FIGS.  5 EZ- 5 FB  illustrate camera menu display input (e.g., a light press input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5218 , at a location that corresponds to a camera control  5192  that is displayed on control center user interface  5138 . In  FIG.  5 FA , a characteristic intensity of the contact is above a detection threshold IT 0 , as indicated by intensity level meter  5196 , and below a light press intensity level IT L . In  FIG.  5 FB , in accordance with a determination that a characteristic intensity of the contact increases above a light press intensity threshold, as indicated by IT L  on intensity level meter  5196 , a camera menu  5220  is displayed overlaying control center user interface  5138 . 
     In  FIG.  5 FC , the contact indicated by focus selector  5218  has lifted off from touch screen  112 . 
     In  FIG.  5 FD , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location outside of camera menu  5220 , as indicated by focus selector  5222 . In response to the input, camera menu  5220  ceases to be displayed overlaying control center user interface  5138 , as shown in  FIG.  5 FE . 
       FIGS.  5 FF- 5 FG  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5224 . In response to the input, control center user interface  5138  slides to the right and wake screen user interface  504  is redisplayed, as shown in  FIGS.  5 FG- 5 FH . As control center user interface  5138  slides to the right, time/date object  582  moves from a position in the left of the display, as shown in  FIG.  5 FF , to a position at the center of the display, as shown in  FIG.  5 FH . 
       FIG.  5 FI  illustrates an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5226 , at a location that corresponds to a camera control  5192  that is displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . As shown in  FIGS.  5 FI- 5 FJ , a tap input on camera control  5192  that is displayed on wake screen user interface  504  has no effect (unlike a tap input on camera control  5192  displayed in control center user interface  5138 , which causes a camera application user interface  5216  to be displayed, as discussed with regard to  FIGS.  5 EX- 5 EY ). 
     Whereas a light press input on a camera control displayed in control center user interface  5138  causes a camera menu  5220  to be displayed, a light press input on a camera control displayed in wake screen user interface  504  causes a camera application user interface  5216  to be displayed.  FIGS.  5 FK- 5 FL  illustrate a wake screen camera activation input (e.g., a light press input) by a contact with touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5228 , at a location that corresponds to a camera control  5192  that is displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . In  FIGS.  5 FK- 5 FL , a characteristic intensity of the contact is above a detection threshold IT 0 , as indicated by intensity level meter  5196 , and below a light press intensity level IT L . In  FIG.  5 FM , in accordance with a determination that a characteristic intensity of the contact has increased above a light press intensity threshold, as indicated by IT L  on intensity level meter  5196 , display of the wake screen user interface  504  is replaced by display of a camera application user interface  5216 . 
       FIGS.  5 FN- 5 FT  illustrate that, in response to authentication input (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 FP , additional notification information is displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIG.  5 FN  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5230 . In response to the input, in accordance with a determination that the device is locked, an authentication user interface  518  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 FO . 
     In  FIG.  5 P , an authentication input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location within authentication user interface  518 , as indicated by focus selector  5232 . In response to the authentication input, the device is unlocked and home screen user interface  522  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 FQ . 
       FIG.  5 FR  illustrates an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5232 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 FR- 5 FT . When wake screen user interface  504  is displayed while device  100  is unlocked, as shown in  FIG.  5 FT , notification  5188  is displayed with information (e.g., message text  5234  and an image  5236 ) that were not displayed while device  100  was locked (see, e.g.,  FIG.  5 ED ), and an additional notification  5190  is displayed. 
       FIG.  5 FU  illustrates an arrangement of wake screen user interface  504  and adjacent user interfaces control center user interface  5138  and widget user interface  5140 . As discussed above with regard to  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EP , a rightward swipe on wake screen user interface  504  causes widget user interface  5140  to be displayed, and a leftward swipe on widget user interface  5140  causes wake screen user interface  504  to be displayed. As discussed above with regard to  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ES  and  FIGS.  5 FF- 5 FH , a leftward swipe on wake screen user interface  504  causes control center user interface  5138  to be displayed, and a rightward swipe on control center user interface  5138  causes wake screen user interface  504  to be displayed. An upward swipe on wake screen user interface  504  causes a previously displayed user interface (e.g., home screen user interface  522 , an application user interface, or a settings user interface) to be displayed. 
     As illustrated in  FIGS.  5 FV- 5 GB , when input to display widget user interface  5140  or control center user interface  5138  is received, the state of a user interface that is adjacent to wake screen user interface  504  being displayed is not “sticky,” in that when widget user interface  5140  or control center user interface  513  are displayed and subsequently dismissed, a subsequent downward swipe input from the upper edge of display  112  will cause wake screen user interface  504  (and not widget user interface  5140  or control center user interface  513 ) to be displayed. 
       FIGS.  5 FV- 5 FW  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5238 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides to the right and mini application user interface  5140  is revealed, as shown in  FIGS.  5 FV- 5 FX . 
       FIG.  5 FY  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touchscreen  112  by a contact at location that is indicated by focus selector  5240 . In response to the input, display of mini application user interface  5140  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 FY- 5 FZ . 
     In  FIGS.  5 FZ- 5 GB , after an input is received for navigation to a user interface that is adjacent to wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., to navigate to mini application user interface  5140  or control center user interface  5138 ) and a subsequent input is received to dismiss the user interface that is adjacent to wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., the input in  FIG.  5 FY  to reveal home screen  522 ), a downward swipe reveals wake screen user interface  504  (and not the adjacent interface that was displayed prior to the dismissal input). For example, in  FIG.  5 FZ , an input (e.g., a downward swipe) is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5242 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  (and not mini application user interface  5140 ) slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 FZ- 5 GB . 
       FIGS.  5 GC- 5 GP  illustrate input to display a maps application, activate a navigation mode of the maps application and display a navigation banner  5160 , and transition the navigation banner  5160  from a pill form, as shown in  FIG.  5 FM , to a banner form, as shown in  FIG.  5 GP , in accordance with some embodiments. 
       FIG.  5 GC  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location that corresponds to home affordance  552 , as indicated by focus selector  5244 . In response to the input, display of wake screen user interface  504  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 GC- 5 GD . 
     In  FIG.  5 GE , an input (e.g., a tap input) is detected at a location that corresponds to affordance  5248  for displaying a maps application interface, as indicated by focus selector  5246 . In response to the input, a maps application user interface  5154  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 GF . 
     In  FIG.  5 GH , an input (e.g., a tap input) by a contact on touch screen  112  is detected at a location that corresponds to a control  5156  for activating a navigation mode of the maps application, as indicated by focus selector  5250 . In response to the input, the navigation mode of the maps application is initiated, and a navigation mode user interface is displayed in maps application user interface  5154 , as indicated at  FIG.  5 GI . 
       FIG.  5 GJ  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location that corresponds to home affordance  552 , as indicated by focus selector  5252 . In response to the input, display of wake screen user interface  504  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 GK- 5 GL . In  FIG.  5 GL , a navigation banner  5160  is displayed in a pill format within home screen user interface  522 . 
       FIGS.  5 GM- 5 GO  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) that is initiated by a contact at a location near the upper edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5254 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides down from the upper edge of display  112 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 GM- 5 GP . As wake screen user interface  504  slides down, navigation banner  5160  transitions from a pill format, as shown in  FIG.  5 GM , to a banner format, as shown in  FIG.  5 GP . For example, as navigation banner  5160  gradually transitions from a pill format to a banner format, an animation is displayed in which navigation text  5178  is displayed in navigation banner  5160 , navigation direction arrow  5180  grows, navigation banner  5160  gradually grows and moves toward the center of display  112 , and time  5182  ceases to be displayed. 
     From  FIG.  5 GP  to  FIG.  5 GQ , the information displayed in navigation banner  5160  has updated (e.g., in accordance with a changed location of the phone as the user proceeds along the navigation route), indicating that the content of navigation banner  5160  updates (e.g., in real time) while navigation banner  5160  is displayed. 
       FIG.  5 GR  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a location near the lower edge of touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5256 . In response to the input, wake screen user interface  504  slides up from the lower edge of display  112  to redisplay the underlying maps user interface  5154  (that was previously covered by wake screen user interface  504 ). 
       FIG.  5 GT  illustrates an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated by a contact at location that corresponds to home affordance  552 , as indicated by focus selector  5258 . In response to the input, display of wake screen user interface  504  is replaced by display of home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 GT- 5 GU . In  FIG.  5 GU , because the navigation mode of maps application  5154  is still active, a navigation banner  5160  is displayed in a pill format within home screen user interface  522 . 
     From  FIG.  5 GL  to  FIG.  5 GU , the information displayed in the pill format version of navigation banner  5160  has updated (e.g., in accordance with a changed location of the phone as the user proceeds along the navigation route), indicating that the content of the pill format version of navigation banner  5160  updates (e.g., in real time) while navigation banner  5160  is displayed. 
     In  FIGS.  5 GV- 5 GW , the color of one or more objects on wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., time/date object  582 , navigation banner  5188 , notification  5188 , and/or notification  5234 ) are altered in accordance with a change in a background color and/or image of wake screen user interface  504 . 
       FIGS.  5 GX- 5 HR  illustrate a panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  (e.g., a wake screen displayed on a device with a large format display, such as a tablet device). In some embodiments, when panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  is dismissed and subsequently recalled, a state of the panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  when panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  is recalled is the same as the state of panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  prior to the dismissal. 
     In  FIG.  5 GX , panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  is displayed on display  112 . A notification panel  5262  is displayed on panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260 . 
       FIGS.  5 GY- 5 GZ  illustrate an input (e.g., a rightward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5264 . In response to the input, notification panel  5262  slides to the right and a mini application panel  5266  is revealed, as shown in  FIGS.  5 GZ- 5 HA . In  FIG.  5 HA , notification panel  5262  and mini application panel  5266  are simultaneously displayed on panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260 . 
       FIGS.  5 HB- 5 HC  illustrate an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touchscreen  112  by a contact at location that is indicated by focus selector  5268 . In response to the input, panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  slides upward to reveal home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 HB- 5 HD . 
       FIGS.  5 RE- 5 HF  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at an upper edge of touchscreen  112  by a contact at location that is indicated by focus selector  5272 . In response to the input, panel-based cover sheet user interface  5272  slides downward over home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 HE- 5 HG . Notification panel  5262  and mini application panel  5266 , which were simultaneously displayed on panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  prior to dismissal of panel-based cover sheet user interface  5272 , continue to be displayed when panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  is redisplayed. 
       FIGS.  5 HH- 5 HI  illustrate an input (e.g., a leftward swipe) that is initiated by a contact on touch screen  112 , as indicated by focus selector  5274 . In response to the input, notification panel  5274  slides to the left, until notification panel  5274  ceases to be displayed, and a control center panel  5278  is revealed, as shown in  FIGS.  5 HH- 5 HL . In  FIG.  5 HL , notification panel  5262  and control center panel  5278  are simultaneously displayed on panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260 . 
       FIGS.  5 HM- 5 HN  illustrate an input (e.g., an upward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at a lower edge of touchscreen  112  by a contact at location that is indicated by focus selector  5278 . In response to the input, panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  slides upward to reveal home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 HM- 5 HO . 
       FIGS.  5 HP- 5 HF  illustrate an input (e.g., a downward swipe) by a contact on touch screen  112  that is initiated at an upper edge of touchscreen  112  by a contact at location that is indicated by focus selector  5280 . In response to the input, panel-based cover sheet user interface  5272  slides downward over home screen user interface  522 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 HP- 5 HR . Notification panel  5262  and control center panel  5278 , which were simultaneously displayed on panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  prior to dismissal of panel-based cover sheet user interface  5272 , continue to be displayed when panel-based cover sheet user interface  5260  is redisplayed. 
       FIGS.  6 A- 6 G  are flow diagrams illustrating method  600  of clearing sets of notifications, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  600  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG.  1 A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch-screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on or integrated with the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  600  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, method  600  provides an intuitive way to clear sets of notifications. The method reduces the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user when clearing sets of notifications, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to clear sets of notifications faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     While the device is in a screen-off state (e.g., as shown in FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 2 ), the device receives ( 602 ) one or more notifications. 
     After receiving the one or more notifications (e.g., while the device remains in the screen-off state, or while the one or more notifications are displayed on a dark screen of the screen-off state), the device detects ( 604 ) a first input from a user for waking the device from the screen-off state to a screen-on state (e.g., the device detects a state change indicating that the device has been picked up, as described with regard to FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 4 , or the device detects an input at a control, such as push button  106 , for waking the device). 
     In response to detecting the first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state, the device ( 606 ): transitions the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state (e.g., as shown at FIGS.  5 A 2 - 5 A 3 ), displays a wake screen user interface  504  on the display  112  (as shown in FIGS.  5 A 3  and  5 B), and displays the one or more notifications (e.g., notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  shown in  FIG.  5 B ) on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., the notifications are displayed as a list of notification banners below a time-date object  582 ). These notifications are sometimes also referred to as “missed notifications” because they were received while the device was in the screen-off state. In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  is also a cover sheet user interface that is displayed to cover a currently displayed user interface when a downward edge swipe gesture (e.g., a downward swipe that starts from an upper edge of the touch-sensitive surface  112 ) is detected on the display  112 . In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  includes a time-date object  582  showing the current time and date, and/or one or more prompts or affordances for unlocking the device from a locked state to an unlocked state. 
     While displaying the wake screen user interface  504  and while at least one of the one or more notifications remains displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., at a later time after the user has interacted with the device which may include interactions that cause the dismissal and then redisplay of the wake screen user interface one or more times), the device detects ( 608 ) a second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface (e.g., an upward swipe input to reveal an underlying user interface or an input (e.g., on a power button) to shut off the display). 
     In response to detecting the second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface, the device ceases ( 610 ) to display the wake screen user interface  504  and the at least one of the one or more notifications (e.g., notifications  506 ,  508 ,  510 , and  512  shown in  FIG.  5 B ). In some embodiments, the device reveals an underlying interface such as a home screen user interface  522 , a settings user interface, or an application user interface (e.g., messages user interface  530 , web browser user interface  540 , music user interface  560 , or maps user interface  5154 . 
     After ceasing to display the wake screen user interface  504  and the at least one of the one or more notifications in response to the second input, the device detects ( 612 ) a third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface (e.g., the third input may be an input for waking the device again after the device has transitioned back to the screen-off state, or an input (e.g., a downward swipe from the top of the touch-screen) for redisplaying the wake screen user interface after the wake screen user interface has been dismissed while the device remains in the screen-on state). 
     In response to detecting the third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface  504  ( 614 ), in accordance with a determination that the third input meets notification-clearance criteria (e.g., notification-clearance criteria are criteria for completely removing all remaining missed notifications from the wake screen user interface and, optionally, deleting the notifications or saving them to notification history), the device redisplays the wake screen user interface  504  without displaying the at least one of the one or more notifications on the redisplayed wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., all previously displayed missed notifications are cleared from the wake screen user interface). The notification-clearance criteria require that the third input is detected at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the detection of the second input (e.g., since the last input for dismissing the wake screen user interface was detected). Examples of user interaction with the respective notification include an input to activate a displayed deletion control, such as an “x” icon displayed adjacent to the notification (e.g., a tap gesture by a contact at a location that corresponds to the displayed control), an input (such as a deep press or swipe gesture) on the notification to dismiss or delete the notification or to reveal a control for dismissing the notification followed by an input to activate a control for dismissing the notification, or an input to open the notification in an application (e.g., a tap gesture by a contact at a location that corresponds to the notification). For example, the input described with regard to  FIGS.  5 AV- 5 AW  (e.g., the input to wake the device) is detected at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification (e.g., described with regard to  FIGS.  5 L- 5 P  and  FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC ) and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the detection of the second input (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 AU- 5 AW ). In accordance with a determination that the third input does not meet the notification-clearance criteria: the device redisplays the wake screen user interface, and redisplays the at least one of the one or more notifications on the redisplayed wake screen user interface (e.g., continuing to display all of the notifications that were not dismissed by the user through direct user interaction (e.g., all or a subset of all the missed notifications that were received during the screen-off state)). 
     This heuristic allows a device to either automatically clear a set of missed notifications or to redisplay a set of missed notifications displayed on a wake screen depending on whether notification-clearance criteria are met. Automatically clearing a set of missed notifications in accordance with a determination that notification-clearance criteria are met makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by providing the user with the ability to clear multiple notifications without requiring the user to manually dismiss each notification, while retaining the ability of the user to individually clear missed notifications in the set of multiple notifications (e.g., by maintaining the device in a screen-on session while interacting with the individual notifications). Enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device. 
     In some embodiments, in response to detecting the third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface, and in accordance with the determination that the third input does not meet the notification-clearance criteria ( 616 ), in accordance with a determination that one or more notification-clearance interactions have occurred (e.g., through a direct user interaction with a notification or interaction with an application that corresponds to a notification), the device forgoes display of one or more notifications that are cleared by the one or more notification-clearance interactions on the redisplayed wake screen user interface  504 . For example, notification-clearance interactions are described with regard to  FIGS.  5 L- 5 P  and  FIGS.  5 Y- 5 AC . In  FIG.  5 P , notification  510  is not displayed due to interaction with notification  510  that occurred in  FIG.  5 L  (to cause display of messages application  530 ). In  FIG.  5 AC , notification  506  is not displayed due to the interaction with notification  506  that occurred in FIG. AB (to cause deletion of the notification). In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that no notification-clearance interactions have occurred, all of the one or more notifications are redisplayed on the redisplayed wake screen user interface. 
     Forgoing display of one or more notifications that are cleared by the one or more notification-clearance interactions on the redisplayed wake screen user interface reduces the amount of information displayed on the redisplayed wake screen. Reducing the amount of information displayed on the redisplayed wake screen makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to access notification information that the user has not previously reviewed without having to navigate past information that the user has previously reviewed. 
     In some embodiments, after detecting the first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state and prior to detecting the second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface ( 618 ), the device detects a plurality of intermediate inputs, the plurality of intermediate inputs including: a first intermediate input for dismissing the wake screen user interface (in response to which the wake screen is dismissed and a background user interface is revealed, or in response to which the device goes into the screen-off state and the screen is dark with no interface displayed), and a second intermediate input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface (in response to which the wake screen is redisplayed over a currently displayed user interface, or in response to which the device is woken to the screen-on state and the wake-screen user interface is displayed as soon as the display is turned on). For example, in  FIGS.  5 B- 5 C , the device transitions from a screen-on state to a screen-off state (e.g., in response to a user input to shut off the display), and at  FIGS.  5 C- 5 D , the device transitions back to a screen-on state (e.g., in response to a user input to wake the display). In  FIGS.  5 Q- 5 R , wake screen  504  is dismissed, and in  FIGS.  5 V- 5 X , wake screen  504  is redisplayed. 
     Maintaining display of a set of missed notifications after detecting intermediate inputs for dismissing and redisplaying a wake screen user interface makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to display the wake screen repeatedly (e.g., to view the time or check for an incoming notification) while maintaining a list of missed notifications for the user to handle when the user is ready to interact with the notifications (without requiring the user to provide input for redisplaying the missed notifications while the wake screen is displayed). 
     In some embodiments ( 620 ), the second input for dismissing the wake screen user interface is an input for displaying a first user interface (e.g., an application user interface such as messages user interface  530  or music user interface  560 , a settings management user interface, a springboard user interface (home screen user interface  522 ) that includes a plurality of application launch icons, etc.) that is distinct from the wake screen user interface, the first user interface is displayed in response to the second input (e.g., after the wake screen user interface is dismissed, the first user interface is revealed from underneath the wake screen user interface), and the third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface was received while the first user interface is displayed. For example, in  FIGS.  5 L- 5 M , an wake screen user interface  504  is dismissed in response to user input that causes messages user interface  530  to be displayed. While messages user interface  530  is displayed, input to redisplay wake screen user interface is received as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 N- 5 P . 
     Redisplaying the wake screen in response to input received while a first user interface (such as an application user interface, a springboard user interface, or a settings management user interface) is displayed allows a user to access the wake screen (and any missed notifications displayed on the wake screen) at all times while using the device. This makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to access the wake screen without requiring the user to navigate through multiple interfaces to gain access to the wake screen). 
     In some embodiments ( 622 ), the third input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface  504  is received while a content playback application is active (e.g., in response to an activation input as described with regard to  FIG.  5 AK ), and redisplaying the wake screen user interface includes displaying (e.g., above the one or more missed notifications) at least one media playback control  572  (e.g., in a media playback control panel  568 ) in the wake screen user interface  504 . In some embodiments, the playback controls are displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  whenever the wake screen user interface is displayed while the content playback application is active (e.g., media playback is ongoing). 
     Displaying at least one media playback control on the wake screen user interface (e.g., in addition to the time and/or missed notifications) while a content playback application is active allows a user to control playback via the displayed media playback control immediately upon waking the device, or by accessing the wake screen at any time while using the device. This makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to view the time and/or missed notifications while accessing the device to control media playback without needing to unlock the device and/or navigate through multiple interfaces. 
     In some embodiments, while the wake screen user interface  504  is displayed, the device detects ( 624 ) a fourth input by a contact on the touch-sensitive surface, including detecting movement of the contact along the touch-sensitive surface in a first direction (e.g., downwards) and detecting lift-off of the contact after the movement (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 AW- 5 AZ ). In response to detecting the fourth input, the device: moves at least one object (e.g., an object  582  that displays a current time and/or date) displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., in the first direction) in accordance with the movement of the contact, and reverses the movement of the at least one object (e.g., moving in a second direction opposite the first direction, e.g., upwards) upon lift-off of the contact. 
     Providing visual feedback, such as a “rubber band effect” simulated by moving at least one object in accordance with movement of a contact and reversing the movement of the at least one object upon lift-off of the contact, enhances operability of the device by providing an intuitive indication to the user that the wake screen is responsive to input such as a swipe input) to view additional notifications and thereby helping the user to provide proper inputs to achieve a desired outcome. The indication is intuitive because the user receives the information without the need to display additional instruction to the user for understanding the feature). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface, the device detects ( 626 ) a fifth input by a contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a tap input) at a location that corresponds to a first notification of the one or more notifications. In response to detecting the fifth input, the device ceases to display the wake screen user interface and displays a first application user interface for a first application that corresponds to the first notification. For example, in  FIG.  5 L , an input at a location that corresponds to notification  510  is detected. In  FIG.  5 M , in response to the detected input, messages application user interface  530  is displayed. 
     Displaying an application user interface for an application that corresponds to a notification in response to input detected at a location that corresponds to the notification makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to interact with an application with minimal input immediately upon waking the device or otherwise accessing a missed notification on the wake screen user interface. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the first application user interface for the first application that corresponds to the first notification (e.g., messages application user interface  530 , as shown in  FIGS.  5 M- 5 N ), the device detects ( 628 ) a sixth input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface (e.g., an input as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 N- 5 O ). In response to detecting the sixth input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface, the device ceases to display the first application user interface (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 O ), displays the wake screen user interface (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 P ), displays at least one second notification of the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface (e.g., notifications  506 ,  508 , and  512 ), wherein the at least one second notification corresponds to a second application that is distinct from the first application, and forgoes display of the first notification (and, optionally, any other notifications among the one or more missed notifications that correspond to the first application) on the wake screen user interface  504  with the at least one second notification. For example, in  FIG.  5 P , notification  510  is no longer displayed. 
     Forgoing display of a notification on the wake screen user interface after displaying an application interface of an application that corresponds to the notification reduces the amount of information displayed on the redisplayed wake screen. Reducing the amount of information displayed on the redisplayed wake screen makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to access notification information that the user has not previously reviewed without having to navigate past information that the user has previously reviewed (e.g., when accessing an application interface for an application that corresponds to the notification). 
     In some embodiments, after detecting the sixth input, while displaying the wake screen user interface  504 , the device detects ( 630 ) a seventh input for dismissing the wake screen user interface (e.g., including detecting an upward swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface). In response to detecting the seventh input for dismissing the wake screen user interface, the device ceases to display the wake screen user interface (e.g., by pulling the wake screen user interface  504 , which is used as a “cover sheet” user interface, upward), and redisplays the first application user interface for the first application. For example,  FIGS.  5 Q- 5 R  show an input that causes wake screen user interface  504  to slide up to reveal the underlying messages application user interface  530 . 
     Redisplaying a last displayed user interface after dismissing the wake screen user interface allows the user to return to a previous operating context without requiring multiple inputs, thereby making the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by reducing the number of inputs needed to return to a previously viewed user interface). 
     In some embodiments, while the first application user interface for the first application (e.g., messages user interface  530  for a messages application) is redisplayed, the device detects ( 632 ) an eighth input (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 S- 5 T ) for invoking a third application that is distinct from the first application and the second application. In response to detecting the eighth input for invoking the third application, the device displays a third application user interface of the third application (e.g., browser application user interface  540  for a web browser application). After detecting the eighth input, while displaying the third application user interface, the device detects a ninth input (e.g., as described with regard to  FIG.  5 V- 5 W ) for redisplaying the wake screen user interface (e.g., including detecting a downward edge swipe gesture (e.g., a downward swipe that starts from an upper edge of the touch-sensitive surface  112 )). In response to detecting the ninth input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface  504 , the device ceases to display the third application user interface, displays the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., pull down the wake screen user interface over the second application user interface), and redisplays the at least one second notification of the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface without redisplaying the first notification (or, optionally, any missed notifications that correspond to the first application and the third application). For example, in  FIG.  5 X , wake screen  504  is displayed with notifications  506 ,  508 , and  512 . 
     Maintaining display of a set of missed notifications after detecting intermediate inputs for dismissing and redisplaying a wake screen user interface makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to display the wake screen repeatedly (e.g., to view the time or check for an incoming notification) while maintaining a list of missed notifications for the user to handle when the user is ready to interact with the notifications (without requiring the user to provide input for redisplaying the missed notifications while the wake screen is displayed). 
     In some embodiments, after displaying the at least one second notification without displaying the first notification on the wake screen user interface (e.g., in  FIG.  5 AU , notifications  508  and  512  are displayed and notifications  506  and  510  are no longer displayed), the device detects ( 634 ) a first transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state (e.g., the transition is triggered when an amount of time that has passed since a last input was received increased above a threshold time, or when an input is received at a control for shutting off the display) followed by a second transition from the screen-off state to the screen-on state (e.g., when an input is received to wake the device or turn on the display). For example,  FIGS.  5 AU- 5 AV  illustrate a transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state and  FIGS.  5 AV- 5 AW  illustrate a transition from the screen-off-state to the screen-on state. In response to detecting the first transition followed by the second transition: the device redisplays the wake screen user interface without displaying any of the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface (e.g., the notification-clearance criteria are met, and all of the missed notifications that were still remaining on the wake screen are now cleared). For example, in  FIG.  5 AW , no notifications are displayed. 
     Automatically clearing a set of missed notifications in accordance with a determination that notification-clearance criteria are met makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by providing the user with the ability to clear multiple notifications without requiring the user to manually dismiss each notification. Enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the wake screen user interface with all of the one or more notifications (e.g., before the user interacted with one of the notifications or opened an application that corresponds to one of the one or more notifications), the device detects ( 636 ) a third transitioning from the screen-on state to the screen-off state (e.g., the transition is triggered when an amount of time that has passed since a last input was received increased above a threshold time, or when an input is received at a control for shutting off the display) followed by a fourth transition from the screen-off state to the screen-on state (e.g., when an input is received to wake the device or turn on the display). For example, a transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state is shown in  FIGS.  5 B- 5 C  and a transition from the screen-off state to the screen-on state is shown in  FIGS.  5 C- 5 D . In response to detecting the third transition followed by the fourth transition, the device redisplays the wake screen user interface with the one or more notifications on the wake screen user interface (e.g., all of the missed notifications still remain on the wake screen). For example, in  FIG.  5 D , all of the notifications  506 - 512  displayed in  FIG.  5 B  are redisplayed. 
     Maintaining display of a set of missed notifications after a transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state followed by a transition from the screen-off state to the screen-on state makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to display the wake screen repeatedly (e.g., to view the time or check for an incoming notification) while maintaining a list of missed notifications for the user to handle when the user is ready to interact with the notifications (without requiring the user to provide input for redisplaying the missed notifications while the wake screen is displayed). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the wake screen user interface with the one or more notifications, the device detects ( 638 ) a tenth input (e.g., an upward swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface) for displaying an authentication user interface  518  (e.g., including a password input prompt, such as a number pad). In response to detecting the tenth input for displaying the authentication user interface: the device ceases to display the wake screen user interface  504  and displays the authentication user interface  518 . For example, in response to an input described with regard to  FIG.  5 E , authentication user interface  518  is displayed in  FIG.  5 F . While the authentication user interface  518  is displayed, the device detects an authorization input (e.g., a passcode entered via the number pad). In accordance with a determination that the authorization input is valid, the device displays a second user interface (e.g., an application user interface, a settings user interface, or a home screen user interface). For example, in response to detecting the authorization input shown in  FIG.  5 G , home screen user interface  522  is displayed in  FIG.  5 H . While displaying the second user interface, the device detects an eleventh input for redisplaying the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., detecting a downward swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a downward swipe gesture that started from the top edge of the touch-sensitive surface)). In response to detecting the eleventh input, the device ceases to display the second application user interface; and redisplays the wake screen user interface with the one or more notifications. For example, an input for redisplaying wake screen user interface  504  received while home screen user interface  522  is displayed is shown in  FIGS.  5 I- 5 J . In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the authorization input is not valid, the second user interface is not displayed and/or the user is prompted for additional authorization input. In some embodiments, the authentication is automatically performed, and detecting an upward swipe gesture dismisses the wake screen user interface and reveals the last active user interface prior to the device&#39;s transition from the screen-on state to the screen-off state, or the last active user interface prior to the device&#39;s transition from the unlocked state to the locked state. 
     Maintaining display of a set of missed notifications after detecting intermediate inputs for dismissing and redisplaying a wake screen user interface makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to display the wake screen repeatedly (e.g., to view the time or check for an incoming notification) while maintaining a list of missed notifications for the user to handle when the user is ready to interact with the notifications (without requiring the user to provide input for redisplaying the missed notifications while the wake screen is displayed). 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with the determination that the third input meets the notification-clearance criteria, the device adds ( 640 ), to a set of recent notifications, one or more cleared notifications that correspond to the at least one of the one or more notifications not displayed on the wake screen user interface. In some embodiments, when the notification-clearance criteria are met, all of the missed notifications are cleared from the wake screen user interface/cover sheet user interface, and are added to a list of recent notifications. In some embodiments, when a missed notification is individually cleared by direct user interaction with that notification, that notification is added to the list of recent notifications. 
     Adding a cleared notification to a set of recent notifications makes the cleared notification available for future user access. Making a cleared notification available for future user access makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to view notification content associated with multiple applications without individually accessing each application). 
     In some embodiments, after adding the one or more cleared notifications to the set of recent notifications, while the wake screen user interface is displayed, the device detects ( 642 ) a twelfth input (e.g., an upward swipe on the touch-screen that pulls on a currently displayed notification, or an input on a control for revealing recent notifications). In response to detecting the twelfth input, in accordance with a determination that the twelfth input meets recent-notification-display criteria, the device displays at least a portion of the set of recent notifications (e.g., overlaid on the wake screen user interface). For example, In  FIGS.  5 BJ- 5 BO , notifications  506 - 512 , that were cleared as discussed with regard to  5 A- 5 AW, are redisplayed in response to an input that meets recent-notification-display criteria. 
     Displaying notifications from a set of recent notifications in response to input on the wake screen user interface allows a user to view a sequential list of notification content (e.g., including notifications that were previously cleared). Allowing a user to view a sequential list of notification content received by the device makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to view notification content associated with multiple applications without individually accessing each application). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G  have been described is merely an example and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  800 , and  900 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  600  described above with respect to  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile outputs, focus selectors, and animations described above with reference to method  600  optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile outputs, focus selectors, and animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  700 ,  800 , and  900 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  6 A- 6 G  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, receiving operation  602 , detection operation  604 , transitioning operation  606 , and displaying operation  606 , are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally uses or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
       FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are flow diagrams illustrating method  700  of displaying notification history in accordance with some embodiments. Method  700  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG.  1 A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch-screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on or integrated with the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  700  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, method  700  provides an intuitive way to display a notification history. The method reduces the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user when displaying a notification history, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to display a notification history faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 702 ), on display  112 , a first user interface, including displaying one or more missed notifications in a first scrollable arrangement (e.g., a first scrollable list) on the first user interface. For example, in  FIG.  5 BA , notifications  586 ,  588 ,  590 , and  592  are displayed on wake screen user interface  504 . In some embodiments, the first user interface is a wake screen user interface  504  that is displayed upon the display transitioning from a display-off state to a display-on state (e.g., in response to detecting an input or event that wakes the device from the display-off state, such as a sleep state or other power-saving or inactive state). For example, FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 4  show the display transitioning from a display-off state to a display-on state. In some embodiments, the first user interface is a cover sheet user interface (also depicted as  504 ) that is displayed to cover a currently displayed user interface when a downward edge swipe gesture (e.g., a downward swipe that starts from an upper edge of the touch-sensitive surface) is detected on the display. In some embodiments, the cover sheet user interface is also the wake screen user interface that is displayed when the device transitions from the screen-off state to the screen-on state. 
     While displaying the first user interface with the one or more missed notifications, the device detects ( 704 ) a first swipe gesture (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 BF- 5 BG ), including detecting a first contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the first scrollable arrangement (e.g., as indicated by region  5100 ), and detecting first movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a first direction (e.g., upward). 
     In response to detecting the first swipe gesture, the device scrolls ( 706 ) the first scrollable arrangement in accordance with the first movement of the first contact (e.g., notifications  586 - 592  move upward in response to the input illustrated at  FIGS.  5 BF- 5 BG ). 
     After scrolling the first scrollable arrangement in accordance with the first movement of the first contact, the device detects ( 708 ) a second swipe gesture, including detecting a second contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the first scrollable arrangement and detecting second movement of the second contact across the touch-sensitive surface in the first direction (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 BI- 5 BN ). 
     In response to detecting the second swipe gesture ( 710 ): in accordance with a determination that the second movement of the second contact meets notification-history-display criteria, the device displays a plurality of previously received notifications that are distinct from the one or more missed notifications in a second scrollable arrangement on the first user interface (e.g., the device displays previously received notifications  506 - 512 , which are distinct from missed notifications  586 - 592 ). The notification-history-display criteria require (1) that the second movement of the second contact is detected after an end (e.g., a bottommost missed notification  5102 ) of the first scrollable arrangement has been reached in accordance with the first movement of the first contact and (2) that the second movement exceeds a first threshold amount of movement (e.g., as indicated at  5108 ) in the first direction. In accordance with the determination that the second movement of the first contact does not meet the notification-history-display criteria, the device forgoes displaying the plurality of previously received notifications (and, optionally, continuing to scroll the first scrollable arrangement in accordance with the second movement of the second contact). 
     This method relates to a way to combine the functions of a wake screen user interface and a notification history screen into a wake screen user interface. The wake screen user interface displays missed notifications, and in response to specific inputs notification history is displayed in the wake screen user interface as well. Displaying previously received notifications in accordance with a determination that movement of a contact meets notification history display criteria allows a user to view a sequential list notification content received by the device (e.g., including notifications that were previously cleared). The notifications in the second scrollable arrangement remain undisplayed when swipe input does not meet the notification-history-display criteria, so that the user does not unintentionally reveal previously cleared notifications. Allowing a user to view a sequential list of notification content received by the device makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to view notification content associated with multiple applications without individually accessing each application. Leaving the notifications in the second scrollable arrangement undisplayed when swipe input does not meet the notification-history-display criteria allows the user to navigate among the missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement without unintentionally viewing previously cleared notifications. 
     In some embodiments ( 712 ), the first user interface is a wake screen user interface  504 , and the first user interface is displayed immediately upon waking the device from the display-off state to the display-on state. For example, FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 4  show display of a wake screen user interface  504  when device  100  transitions from a display-off state to a display-on state. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement on the first user interface, the device detects ( 714 ) a missed notification dismissal input for dismissing a respective notification of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement. For example, input to dismiss notification  592  is illustrated in  FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BY . A dismissal input for dismissing a respective notification is, e.g., an input to activate a displayed control (e.g., a tap gesture by a contact at a location that corresponds to the displayed control) for dismissing the notification; an input (such as a deep press or swipe gesture) on the notification to dismiss the notification, or to reveal a control for dismissing the notification followed by an input to activate a control for dismissing the notification, or an input to open the notification in an application(e.g., a tap gesture by a contact at a location that corresponds to the notification)). After detecting the missed notification dismissal input for dismissing the respective notification, the device ceases to display the respective notification of the one or more notifications on the first user interface, and adds the respective notification to the plurality of previously received notifications. For example, if the wake screen is displayed again without the respective notification, and a swipe gesture that meets notification-history-display criteria is detected on the first scroll arrangement including the remaining missed notifications, the respective notification is displayed among the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement. 
     Ceasing to display a notification after detecting a missed notification dismissal input for dismissing the notification reduces the number of notifications displayed on the first user interface after the user has provided input that indicates the notification has been viewed and/or handled by the user. Reducing the number of notifications displayed on the first user interface makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to more quickly locate and address notifications that have not been previously viewed and/or handled by the user. 
     In some embodiments, while the first user interface is displayed, the device detects ( 716 ) a third swipe gesture (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 BB- 5 BC ), including detecting a third contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds the first scrollable arrangement and detecting third movement of the third contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a second direction that is distinct from the first direction (e.g., downwards). In response to detecting the third swipe gesture, the device translates the first scrollable arrangement (and optionally, at least one object (e.g., an object that displays a current time and/or date)) in accordance with the third movement of the third contact (e.g., translating the first scrollable arrangement relative to other objects currently displayed on the first user interface in the downward direction, or translating the first user interface as a whole in the downward direction to display an extension of the first user interface at the top that was not displayed prior to detecting the third swipe gesture). For example, notifications  586 - 592  move downward in accordance with the movement of the input shown in  FIGS.  5 BB- 5 BC . The device detects lift-off of the third contact from the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., the touch-screen display) after detecting the third movement (e.g., the contact indicated by focus selector  594  in  FIG.  5 BC  has lifted off of touch screen  112 , as shown in  FIG.  5 BD ). In response to detecting the liftoff of the third contact, the device reverses the translation of the first scrollable arrangement that was made in accordance with the third movement of the third contact (e.g., restoring the position of the first scrollable arrangement relative to the other objects currently displayed on the first user interface, or restoring the first user interface as a whole and ceasing to display the extension of the first user interface at the top). As shown in  FIGS.  5 BD- 5 BE , in response to the liftoff that occurred, the notifications move  586 - 592  upward. 
     Providing visual feedback, such as a “rubber band effect” simulated by translating the scrollable arrangement of missed notifications in accordance with movement of a contact and reversing the translation of the scrollable arrangement upon lift-off of the contact, enhances operability of the device by providing an intuitive indication to the user that the first user interface is responsive to input (such as a swipe input) to view additional notifications. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement on the first user interface, the device detects ( 718 ) a fourth swipe gesture (e.g., as shown at  FIG.  5 CA ), including detecting a fourth contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the second scrollable arrangement (e.g., notifications  506 - 512 ) and detecting fourth movement of the fourth contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a second direction opposite the first direction (e.g., the fourth swipe gesture is a downward swipe gesture directed to the second scrollable arrangement). In response to detecting the fourth swipe gesture, in accordance with a determination that the fourth movement of the fourth contact meets notification-history-dismissal criteria, the device ceases to display the plurality of previously received notifications on the first user interface. In some embodiments, the notification-history-dismissal criteria require (1) that the fourth movement of the fourth contact is detected after an end (e.g., an uppermost notification) of the second scrollable arrangement has been reached and (2) that the fourth movement exceeds a second threshold amount of movement in the second direction opposite the first direction. In accordance with the determination that the fourth movement of the fourth contact does not meet the notification-history-dismissal criteria, the device scrolls the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement in accordance with the fourth movement of the fourth contact. In some embodiments, scrolling the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement causes at least one of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement to be revealed (e.g., if the at least one of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement was scrolled beyond the edge of the display in response to the first swipe gesture and/or the second swipe gesture). In some embodiments, scrolling previously received notifications causes missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement to be revealed (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 BT- 5 BU ), allowing a user to navigate between notifications that have been cleared and notifications that have not yet been cleared for a comprehensive view of notifications that have been received by the device. Providing the user with a comprehensive view of notifications that have been received by the device makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to view recent notification content without needing to individually access each application for which the content was received and/or generated. 
     Scrolling through the notification history or dismissing the notification history based on the same swipe gesture in accordance with whether the notification-history-dismissal criteria are met enhances the operability of the user interface and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by performing different functions based on whether predefined conditions are met), which additionally improves the battery life of the device. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the first user interface, the device detects ( 720 ) a first user interface dismissal input for input (e.g., as shown at  FIG.  5 CO ) for dismissing the first user interface (e.g., a swipe gesture, including fifth movement of a fifth contact from a location that corresponds to an edge of the display (such as a location that is at or proximate to the bottom edge of the display) across the touch-sensitive surface in the first direction (e.g., upward from the bottom edge of the display). In response to detecting the first user interface dismissal input, the device ceases to display the first user interface (e.g., along with any missed notifications and/or recent notifications that are currently displayed on the first user interface), and, in some embodiments, the device reveals an underlying interface such as a home screen user interface  522 , a settings user interface, or an application user interface. For example, in  FIGS.  5 CO- 5 CQ , home screen user interface  522  is revealed in response to an input for dismissing wake screen user interface  504 . 
     In some embodiments, the device includes one or more tactile output generators ( 722 ), and while the first user interface is displayed, in accordance with the determination that the second movement of the second contact meets the notification-history-display criteria (e.g., as described with regard to  FIG.  5 BK ), the device generates, with the one or more tactile output generators, a tactile output (e.g., tactile output  5112 ) to indicate that the criteria for displaying the plurality of previously received notifications have been met. 
     Generating a tactile output to indicate that criteria for displaying the plurality of previously received notifications have been met provides the user with feedback about the input that is required to meet notification-history-display criteria. Providing the user with feedback about the input that is required to meet notification-history-display criteria makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments ( 724 ), the first contact moves with a first rate of movement during the first swipe gesture, scrolling the first scrollable arrangement occurs at a first scroll rate that corresponds to the first rate of movement by the first contact (e.g., the scroll rate matches the first rate of movement); the second contact moves with a second rate of movement during the second swipe gesture; and displaying the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement includes scrolling a first previously received notification of the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement at a second scroll rate that is greater than the second rate of movement by the second contact (e.g., to provide an appearance of the previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement “catching up” with the second contact). For example, as the contact indicated by focus selector  5106  moves along touch screen  112  as shown in  FIGS.  5 BI- 5 BN , missed notifications  586 - 592  in a first scrollable arrangement move at the rate of movement of the contact, and, in  FIGS.  5 BK- 5 BN , previously received notifications  506 - 512  in a second scrollable arrangement move faster than the rate of movement of the contact. In some embodiments, a second previously received notification of the plurality of previously received notifications is scrolled at a third scroll rate that is distinct from the second scroll rate. 
     Scrolling a first previously received notification of the plurality of previously received notifications in the second scrollable arrangement at a second scroll rate that is greater than the second rate of movement by the second contact provides the user with visual feedback about the input that is required to meet notification-history-display criteria (e.g., by giving the user of a sense of the notifications in the second scrollable arrangement “racing to catch up” with the second contact when the criteria are met). Providing the user with feedback about the input that is required to meet notification-history-display criteria makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by helping the user to provide proper inputs and reducing user mistakes when operating/interacting with the device) which, additionally, reduces power usage and improves battery life of the device by enabling the user to use the device more quickly and efficiently. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 726 ) a fifth swipe gesture, including detecting a fifth contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface and detecting fifth movement of the fifth contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a third direction that is perpendicular to the first direction (e.g., leftward or rightward). In response to detecting the fifth swipe gesture, in accordance with a determination that the first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a first notification among the one or more missed notifications or the plurality of previously received notifications, the device moves the first notification in accordance with the movement of the fifth contact (e.g., the input shown in  FIG.  5 BV- 5 BW  drags notification  592 ). In accordance with a determination that the first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to a location outside of the first scrollable arrangement and the second scrollable arrangement, the device replaces display of the first user interface with display of a second user interface (e.g., a control center user interface  5138  or mini application user interface  5140 ). For example,  FIGS.  5 CC- 5 CE  illustrate a swipe gesture by contact at a location outside of the first scrollable arrangement and the second scrollable arrangement that causes control center user interface  5138  to be displayed, and  FIGS.  5 CI- 5 CK  illustrate a swipe gesture by contact at a location outside of the first scrollable arrangement and the second scrollable arrangement that causes mini application user interface  5140  to be displayed. 
     This heuristic allows a swipe gesture (e.g., a horizontal swipe gesture) to have different responses depending on whether the gesture corresponds to a missed notification or corresponds to a location outside of scrollable arrangements of missed notifications. This heuristic enhances operability of the device by providing different responses to the same gesture depending on the location of the gesture rather than requiring the device to provide a different gesture type (in turn requiring the user to learn the additional gesture type) to obtain the different responses. 
     In some embodiments, the device detects ( 728 ) that criteria for dismissing all of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement are met (e.g., via one or more inputs that include user interaction with all of the missed notifications, via one or more inputs for accessing one or more applications associated with the missed notifications, and/or by satisfying notification clearance criteria that require input that is received at a time that is (1) after a respective notification of the one or more notifications has been cleared through direct user interaction with the respective notification or an application that corresponds to the respective notification and (2) after the device has transitioned from the screen-on state to the screen-off state at least once since the last direct user interaction that dismissed a respective notification). In response to detecting that the criteria for dismissing all of the one or more missed notifications are met, the device adds, to the plurality of previously received notifications, all of the one or more missed notifications (and forgoing displaying those one or more missed notifications the next time that the first user interface is displayed). For example, in  FIG.  5 CS , all notifications have been cleared (e.g., as a result of input as shown at  FIGS.  5 BV- 5 BZ  and  FIGS.  5 CQ- 5 CS ). In  FIG.  5 CX , in response to input shown in  5 CW, notifications  586 - 592  that had been cleared and added to the plurality of previously received notifications are redisplayed. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the first user interface without any missed notifications (e.g., after detecting that the criteria for dismissing all of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement have been met and adding the one or more missed notifications to the plurality of previously received notifications), the device detects ( 730 ) a sixth swipe gesture (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 CW ), including a sixth contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the location at which the first scrollable arrangement was previously displayed, and the device detects sixth movement of the sixth contact across the touch-sensitive surface in the first direction. In response to detecting the sixth swipe gesture: in accordance with a determination that the sixth movement of the sixth contact exceeds the first threshold amount of movement in the first direction, the device displays the plurality of previously received notifications (including the one or more missed notifications that were dismissed and added to the plurality of previously received notifications). For example, in  FIG.  5 CX , in response to input shown in  5 CW, notifications  586 - 592  are redisplayed. In accordance with the determination that the sixth movement of the sixth contact does not exceed the first threshold amount of movement in the first direction, the device forgoes displaying the plurality of previously received notifications. 
     Displaying a plurality of previously received notifications after displaying the first user interface without any missed notifications allows a user to recall missed notifications (e.g., even after providing input to clear all missed notifications). Enabling the user to recall the missed notifications makes the user-device interface more efficient and by allowing the user to view content received and/or generated by the device without needing to access multiple applications. Additionally, a user can provide input to clear notifications with the knowledge that the notification will be recoverable if the user subsequently wishes to view the notification content. 
     In some embodiments, while the first user interface is displayed without any missed notifications (e.g., after detecting that the criteria for dismissing all of the one or more missed notifications in the first scrollable arrangement have been met and adding the one or more missed notifications to the plurality of previously received notifications), the device detects ( 732 ) a seventh swipe gesture (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 CS- 5 CT ), including detecting a seventh contact at a location on the touch-sensitive surface that corresponds to the location at which the first scrollable arrangement was previously displayed and detecting seventh movement of the seventh contact across the touch-sensitive surface in a second direction opposite the first direction (e.g., downward). In response to detecting the seventh swipe gesture, the device translates at least one object (e.g., an object  582  that displays a current time and/or date) displayed on the first user interface in the second direction in accordance with the seventh movement of the seventh contact. After translating the at least one object, the device detects lift-off of the seventh contact (e.g., as shown at  FIG.  5 CU ). In response to detecting liftoff of the seventh contact from the touch-sensitive surface, the device reverses the translation of the at least one object that have been made in accordance with the seventh movement of the seventh contact. 
     Providing visual feedback, such as a “rubber band effect” simulated by translating at least one object in accordance with movement of a contact and reversing the translation of the at least one object upon lift-off of the contact, enhances operability of the device by providing an intuitive indication to the user that the wake screen is responsive to input (such as a swipe input) to view notifications (e.g., even when the user is viewing a first user interface that does not include display of any missed notifications). 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  have been described is merely an example and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  600 ,  800 , and  900 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  700  described above with respect to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile outputs, focus selectors, and animations described above with reference to method xxx optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, tactile outputs, focus selectors, and animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  600 ,  800 , and  900 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  7 A- 7 E  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, display operation  702 , detection operation  704 , and scrolling operation  706  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally uses or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
       FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  are flow diagrams illustrating method  800  of displaying updating information from an application using a floating banner in accordance with some embodiments. Method  800  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG.  1 A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch-screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on or integrated with the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  800  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, method  800  provides an intuitive way to display updating information from an application in a floating banner. The method reduces the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user when accessing information that is displayed in the floating banner, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, displaying updating information from an application in floating banner that is visible in various operating contexts allows the user to operate the device faster and more efficiently, which conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     The device displays ( 802 ) a first user interface (e.g., an application user interface, a home screen user interface, a lock screen user interface, etc.) on the display. For example, in  FIG.  5 DA , the device displays a map application user interface  5154 . 
     The device displays ( 804 ) a first user interface object overlaid on a first portion of the first user interface (e.g., the device displays a banner object, such as navigation banner  5160 , overlaid on a user interface of an application, such as map application user interface  5154 ), where the banner object is initially stationary relative to the user interface of the application. In some embodiments, the first user interface object is displayed when a persistent banner display mode of an application is active. In some embodiments, persistent banner display modes include a navigation mode of a maps application, and the first user interface object is a banner that includes navigation information, such as text and/or an icon indicating information associated with a next step in a navigation sequence (e.g., navigation information includes navigation text  5178  and navigation direction image  5180 , as shown in  FIG.  5 DT ). In some embodiments, persistent banner display modes include a content playback mode of a media application, and the first user interface object is a banner that includes media playback information, such as text and/or an image that correspond to a playing content item and/or one or more playback controls (see, e.g., media banner  568  shown in  FIG.  5 AO ). In some embodiments, persistent banner display modes include a telephone call session of a telephone application, and the first user interface object is a banner that includes text with information about the call in progress, such as elapsed time and/or contact information. In some embodiments, the first user interface object is a notification. 
     While displaying the first user interface object overlaid on the first portion of the first user interface, the device detects ( 806 ) a first input (e.g., a downward swipe input from an upper edge of the display  112 , as shown at  FIG.  5 DB ) for displaying a cover sheet user interface  504 . In some embodiments, the cover sheet user interface  504  is also a wake screen user interface that is displayed when the device transitions from a screen-off state to a screen-on state. The cover sheet user interface  504  includes a first content object (e.g., one or more missed notifications, such as missed notifications  5164  and  5168  shown in  FIG.  5 DD ) and a second content object (e.g., a time-date object  582  that displays a current time and date) displayed on a background object (e.g., a cover sheet platter or substrate with a predefined background). 
     In response to detecting the first input for displaying the cover sheet user interface  504 , the device moves ( 808 ) the cover sheet user interface  504  across the display in a first direction (e.g., downward). For example, cover sheet user interface  504  slides down over map application user interface  5154 , as shown at  FIGS.  5 DC- 5 DD . Moving the cover sheet user interface  504  across the display in a first direction includes moving the background object  5163  of the cover sheet user interface  504  across the display (e.g., to obscure an increasing portion of the first user interface without obscuring the first user interface object that is overlaid on the first user interface). In some embodiments, the background object  5163  of the cover sheet user interface slides onto the display in a z-layer that is located between the z-layer of the first user interface and the z-layer of the first user interface object. 
     Many electronic devices display user interface objects that have a layer order (i.e., a z-order or front-to-back order of the user interface objects). A user typically interacts with such objects by repositioning them on the display, and overlapping objects are displayed on the display in accordance with their front-to-back order (e.g., an object that is “in front” of another object is displayed where the two objects overlap). As used in the specification, a “layer order” is the front-to-back order of objects in a user interface (e.g., in an electronic document). Thus, if two objects overlap, the object that is higher in the layer order (e.g., the object that is “on top of” or “in front of”) is displayed at any points where the two objects overlap, thereby partially obscuring the object that is lower in the layer order (e.g., the object that is “beneath” or “behind” or “in back of” the other object). 
     In accordance with a determination that the first user interface object has not reached a predefined threshold position relative to the cover sheet user interface (e.g., relative to a position between the first content object (e.g., missed notifications  5164  and/or  5168 ) and the second content object (e.g., time/date object  582 ) in the cover sheet user interface  504 ), the device moves the first content object and the second content object (e.g., in unison) with the background object  5163  while maintaining a current position of the first user interface object (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ) on the display (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 DC- 5 DD ). In accordance with a determination that the first user interface object (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ) has reached the predefined threshold position relative to the cover sheet user interface, the device moves the first user interface object (e.g., in unison) with the background object (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 DD- 5 DE ). In some embodiments, the device also moves the first content object (e.g., missed notifications  5164  and  5168 ), the second content object (e.g., time/date object  582 ), and the first user interface object (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ) in unison with the background object  5163 . For example, in  FIG.  5 DD , the time/date object  582  catches the banner object  5160  on its way down and pushes the banner object downward with the time/date object. 
     Method  800  relates to combining display of a user interface object that is overlaid on an initial user interface (e.g., a home screen user interface) with a newly displayed user interface (e.g., a cover sheet user interface). Specifically, some of the objects on the newly displayed user interface move past the first user interface object, while other objects on the newly displayed user interface “catches” the first user interface object and pushes it to its final position on the newly displayed user interface. This heuristic brings attention to the first user interface object (e.g., a banner object) by moving or not moving the first user interface object with the background object depending on whether the first user interface object has reached a predefined threshold position relative to a cover sheet interface. Bringing attention to the first user interface object improves the user-device interface, e.g., by helping the user to understand the connection between the banner content and the application from which the banner content originated. Displaying the banner improves the operability of the device by allowing the user to view content from an application without needing to navigate to the application, reducing the number of inputs required from the user to obtain banner content (e.g., navigation information). 
     In some embodiments, moving the cover sheet user interface  504  across the display in the first direction includes ( 810 ), in accordance with a determination that the second content object (e.g., the time and date object  582 ) has reached a first predefined location (e.g., the default position for the time and date on the display when the cover sheet is fully displayed) on the display, ceasing to move the second content object (e.g., the time and date  582 ) and the first user interface object (e.g., the banner  5160 ) and continuing to move the first content object (the one or more missed notifications) in the first direction (e.g., to make room for the banner object  5160  between the top missed notifications (e.g., notifications  5164  and  5168 ) and the current time and date object  582 . For example, as cover sheet user interface  504  slides down in  FIGS.  5 DC- 5 DF , time/date object  582  and the navigation banner  5160  stop moving in  FIG.  5 DE , while missed notifications  5164  and  5168  continue to move downward in  FIGS.  5 DE- 5 DF . 
     Ceasing to move some of the content object while continuing to move other content objects on the cover sheet user interface allows the cover sheet user interface to be rearranged to accommodate the first user interface object (e.g., the banner), while providing visual continuity to the user, thereby reducing user mistakes when operating the device and enhance the operability of the device. 
     In some embodiments, the device ceases ( 812 ) to continue to move the first content object (e.g., the one or more missed notifications) in the first direction in accordance with a determination that the first content object has reached a second predefined location on the display (e.g., ceasing to move the missed notifications once the missed notifications have completely moved past the banner object). 
     Continuing to move the content objects on the cover sheet user interface until they reach their final locations allows the cover sheet user interface to be rearranged to accommodate the first user interface object (e.g., the banner), while providing visual continuity to the user, thereby reducing user mistakes when operating the device and enhance the operability of the device. 
     In some embodiments, the device transitions ( 814 ) from a screen-on state (as shown in  FIG.  5 DY ) to a screen-off state (as shown in  FIG.  5 DZ ) in accordance with a determination that display shutoff criteria are met (e.g., a power button is pressed or a period of user inactivity is detected). While the display is in the screen-off state, the device displays the first user interface object (e.g., the banner  5160 ) on a dark screen corresponding to the screen-off state (e.g., in accordance with a determination that an application associated with the first user interface object is in a persistent banner display mode, such as a navigation mode of a map application, a playback mode of a media application, or a call mode of a phone application). For example, in  FIG.  5 DZ , navigation banner  5160  is displayed on an otherwise dark display  112 . 
     Displaying a first user interface object (e.g., a banner) when the device is in a screen-off state (e.g., displaying the first user interface object on an otherwise dark screen or on a screen that displays only one or more received notifications in addition to the first user interface object) provides the user with high priority information (e.g., navigation information) while the display forgoes displaying other content. Displaying the first user interface object (and/or the one or more missed notifications) while forgoing display of other content makes the user-device interface more efficient by reducing the amount of power required for the display. Additionally, displaying the first user interface object (and/or the one or more missed notifications) while forgoing display of other content eliminates the need for the user to wake the display from a screen-off state to display the first user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, while the display is in the screen-off state and the first user interface object is displayed on the display, the device receives ( 816 ) one or more notifications and, in response to receiving the one or more notifications, the device displays the first user interface object (e.g., the banner) and a third content object (e.g., the one or more notifications) on the first user interface (e.g., the one or more missed notifications are displayed under the first user interface object). For example, in  FIG.  5 EA , the device displays banner  5160  and missed notification  5186  on otherwise dark display  112 . In some embodiments, while the display is in the screen-off state, the device detects a notification event and displays a notification object (e.g., for a new notification) under the banner. In some embodiments, one or more previously received notifications are displayed on the display (e.g., under the banner and/or above the new notification) while the display is in the screen-off state. 
     Displaying one or more received notifications when the device is in a screen-off state (e.g., displaying the one or more received notifications on an otherwise dark screen or on a screen that displays only a first user interface object in addition to the one or more received notifications) provides the user with high priority information (e.g., navigation information) while the display forgoes displaying other content. Displaying the one or more received notifications (and/or the first user interface object) while forgoing display of other content makes the user-device interface more efficient by reducing the amount of power required for the display. Additionally, displaying the one or more missed notifications (and/or the first user interface object) while forgoing display of other content eliminates the need for the user to wake the display from a screen-off state to display the one or more missed notifications. 
     In some embodiments, the device transitions ( 818 ) the device from a screen-off state to a screen-on state (e.g., as shown in FIGS.  5 A 1 - 5 A 3  and  5 EA- 5 EB) in accordance with a determination that display-waking criteria are met (e.g., a power button is pressed or the device orientation is changed in a certain way (e.g., picked up by a user), or a notification event is detected). In response to transitioning the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state, the device displays the first user interface object (and no other objects) on a dark screen that corresponds to the display-off state. For example, in  FIG.  5 DZ , navigation banner  5160  is displayed on an otherwise dark display  112 . 
     Displaying a first user interface object (e.g., a banner) when the device is in a screen-off state (e.g., displaying the first user interface object on an otherwise dark screen or on a screen that displays only one or more received notifications in addition to the first user interface object) provides the user with high priority information (e.g., navigation information) while the display forgoes displaying other content. Displaying the first user interface object (and/or the one or more missed notifications) while forgoing display of other content makes the user-device interface more efficient by reducing the amount of power required for the display. Additionally, displaying the first user interface object (and/or the one or more missed notifications) while forgoing display of other content eliminates the need for the user to wake the display from a screen-off state to display the first user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, while the cover sheet interface is displayed, the device detects ( 820 ) a third input (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 DQ- 5 DR ) for dismissing the cover sheet user interface  504 . The third input includes a swipe gesture by a contact on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a upward swipe that started from the bottom edge of the touch-screen). In response to detecting the third input for dismissing the cover sheet user interface, the device ceases to display the cover sheet user interface  504 , maintains display of the first user interface object (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ), and displays a home screen user interface  522 . The first user interface object is overlaid on the home screen user interface. For example, in response to detecting an upward swipe gesture from the bottom edge of the touch-screen (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 DQ- 5 DR ), the cover sheet user interface  504  slides upward to reveal the home screen interface  522  underneath, while the first user interface (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ) remains stationary in a display layer above the cover sheet user interface  504 , and appears overlaid on the home screen user interface  522  after the cover sheet user interface  504  is completely removed from view. In some embodiments, instead of the home screen user interface  522 , a user interface of an application is displayed when the input for dismissing the cover sheet user interface  504  is detected, and the first user interface object is overlaid on the user interface of the application. 
     Displaying the first user interface object (e.g., a banner, such as navigation banner  5160 ) overlaid on the home screen makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing the user to view the first user interface object after accessing the home screen without needing to navigate from the home screen to the application that generated the content of the first user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the first user interface object overlaid on the home screen user interface (or a user interface of an application), the device detects ( 822 ) an input for minimizing the first user interface object (e.g., a upward swipe gesture on the banner, as shown at  FIG.  5 DT ). In response to detecting the input for minimizing the first user interface object, the device transitions the first user interface object (e.g., banner mode of navigation banner  5160 , as shown in  FIG.  5 DT ) into a second user interface object (e.g., a “pill” that has a smaller area than the first user interface object, as shown at  5160   FIG.  5 DW ). The first user interface object has a first size and the second user interface object has a second size that is smaller than the first size. In some embodiments, the second user interface object pulsates or blinks (e.g., at least a portion of the pill, such as the background of the pill, periodically changes color and/or size over time) to indicate that an application mode or process associated with the banner object is still active. In some embodiments, the second user interface object displays at least a portion of information displayed by the first user interface object. For example, in  FIG.  5 DT , navigation banner  5160  in banner mode displays navigation direction arrow  5180 , which is also displayed in the pill mode of navigation banner  5160  in  FIG.  5 DW . In some embodiments, the device displays an animated transition showing the banner shrinking and morphing into the “pill” while moving and settling into a upper corner of the touch-screen (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 DT- 5 DW ). In some embodiments, the second user interface object (e.g., navigation banner  5160  in pill form) displays media playback information (e.g., a play/pause toggle control). In some embodiments, the second user interface object displays information (e.g., a turn icon) associated with a navigation instruction. 
     Transitioning the first user interface object into a second user interface object in response to detecting input for minimizing the first user interface object makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing the user to simultaneously view content of the home screen user interface that would otherwise be covered by the first user interface object and information from the first user interface object that is contained in the second user interface object (e.g., without needing to navigate from the home screen to the application that generated the content of the first user interface object). 
     In some embodiments, while the second user interface object is displayed, the device determines ( 824 ) that the display shutoff criteria are met. In response to determining that the display shutoff criteria are met, the device transitions the device from the screen-on state to a screen-off state, transitions the second user interface object into the first user interface object; and displays the first user interface object overlaid a dark screen corresponding to the screen-off state (e.g., a direct transition from  FIG.  5 DX  to  FIG.  5 DZ ). 
     Transitioning the second user interface object into a first user interface object in response to determining that display shutoff criteria are met provides the user with a larger object for increased visibility when the device is likely to be distant from the user (e.g., on a table or in a car rather than in the user&#39;s hand). Providing the user with a larger object for increased visibility reduces power usage and improves battery life by providing information without requiring the user to wake the device and/or navigate to an application that generated the content of the first user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, while the second user interface object is displayed, the device detects ( 826 ) an input for activating the second user interface object (e.g., a tap input on the second user interface object). For example, in  FIG.  5 DX , an input is detected at a location corresponding to navigation banner  5160  in pill form, as indicated by focus selector  5160  in  FIG.  5 DX . In response to detecting the input for activating the second user interface object, the device displays an application user interface of an application that corresponds to the second user interface object. For example, in response to the input described with regard to  FIG.  5 DX , map application  5154  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 DY . 
     Displaying an application user interface of an application that corresponds to the second user interface object in response to detecting input for activating the second user interface object provides the user with direct access to an application that corresponds to the second user interface object (e.g., the user can access the application that corresponds to the second user interface object from any page of a multi-page home screen without needing to provide input to navigate to an application launch icon on a different page of the home screen, within a folder on the home screen, etc.). This makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by reducing the number of inputs required to access an application user interface of an application that corresponds to the second user interface object. 
     In some embodiments, while the first user interface object is displayed (e.g., overlaid over the first user interface or overlaid over the cover sheet user interface  504 ), the device detects ( 828 ) an input that activates the first user interface object (e.g., a tap input on the first user interface object). For example, in  FIG.  5 DH , an input, as indicated by focus selector  5168 , is detected at a location that corresponds to the navigation object  5160  displayed overlaid over cover sheet user interface  504 . In response to detecting the input that activates the first user interface object, the device displays the application user interface of the application that corresponds to the information displayed in the first user interface object. For example, in response to the input, maps application  5154  is displayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 DI . 
     In some embodiments, the application that corresponds to the second user interface object is an application that also corresponds to the first user interface object. 
     Displaying an application user interface of an application that corresponds to the first user interface object in response to detecting input for activating the first user interface object provides the user with direct access to an application that corresponds to the first user interface object (e.g., the user can access the application that corresponds to the first user interface object directly from the first user interface or the cover sheet user interface without providing input to navigate to the home screen.) This makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by reducing the number of inputs required to access an application user interface of an application that corresponds to the first user interface object. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  have been described is merely an example and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g.,  600 ,  700 , and  900 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  800  described above with respect to  FIGS.  8 A- 8 C . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, focus selectors, animations described above with reference to method xxx optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, focus selectors, animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  600 ,  700 , and  900 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  8 A- 8 C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, display operation  802 , detection operation  806 , and object moving operation  808  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally uses or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
       FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are flow diagrams illustrating method  900  of navigation using a cover sheet, in accordance with some embodiments. Method  900  is performed at an electronic device (e.g., device  300 ,  FIG.  3   , or portable multifunction device  100 ,  FIG.  1 A ) with a display, a touch-sensitive surface, and one or more sensors to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface. In some embodiments, the display is a touch-screen display and the touch-sensitive surface is on or integrated with the display. In some embodiments, the display is separate from the touch-sensitive surface. Some operations in method  800  are, optionally, combined and/or the order of some operations is, optionally, changed. 
     As described below, method  900  provides an intuitive way to navigate using a cover sheet. The method reduces the number, extent, and/or nature of the inputs from a user for accessing various controls that are available from user interfaces that are accessible via input provided at the cover sheet, thereby creating a more efficient human-machine interface. For battery-operated electronic devices, enabling a user to navigate using a cover sheet faster and more efficiently conserves power and increases the time between battery charges. 
     While the device is in a screen-off state, the device detects ( 902 ) a first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to a screen-on state (e.g., the device detects a state change indicating that the device has been picked up, as described with regard to FIGS.  5 EC 1 - 5 EC 4 , or the device detects an input at a control, such as push button  106 , for waking the device). 
     In response to detecting the first input for waking the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state, the device transitions ( 904 ) the device from the screen-off state to the screen-on state (e.g., as shown at FIGS.  5 EC 2 - 5 EC 3 ), and displays a wake screen user interface  504  on the display  112 . In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  is redisplayed as a cover sheet user interface that covers an existing user interface in response to a cover sheet call-up command, and re-reveals the existing user interface that was covered by the cover sheet user interface in response to a cover-sheet dismissal command. 
     While displaying the wake screen user interface, the device detects ( 906 ) a first swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface  112  (e.g., a swipe gesture as shown at  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EL  or a swipe gesture as shown at  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ER ), including detecting a first contact on the touch-sensitive surface and detecting movement of the first contact across the touch-sensitive surface. 
     In response to detecting the first swipe gesture, the device ( 908 ) ceases to display the wake screen user interface  504  and displays a first user interface. In accordance with a determination that the first swipe gesture is in a first direction (e.g., rightward, as shown in  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EL ), the displayed first user interface is a mini-application-object user interface  5140 . The mini-application-object user interface  5140  includes one or more mini-application objects (e.g., mini-application objects  583 ,  585 ,  587 , and  589 ) that each provide a subset of functions of a corresponding application without launching the corresponding application. In accordance with a determination that the first swipe gesture is in a second direction (e.g., leftward, as shown in  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ER ), that is opposite the first direction, the displayed first user interface is a control panel user interface  5138 . The control panel user interface  5138  includes one or more device controls (e.g., flashlight control  5190  and camera control  5192 ) for controlling one or more device functions of the device. 
     The wake screen user interface  504  has a fixed positional relationship relative to the mini-application-object screen  5140  and the control panel user interface  5138 . Allowing the user to use directional gestures to navigate to either the mini-application-object screen or the control panel user interface enhances the operability of the device (e.g., by reducing the number of controls displayed on a wake screen user interface) and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by reducing visual clutter and reducing user mistakes due to the visual clutter), which, additionally, improves the battery life of the device. 
     In some embodiments, while the wake screen user interface  504  is displayed, the device displays ( 910 ) one or more notifications (e.g., notification  5188 , as shown in  FIG.  5 ED ) on the wake screen user interface. The device detects a second input for transitioning the device from an unauthenticated state to an authenticated state (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 FN- 5 FQ ). In response to detecting the second input, the device displays, on the wake screen user interface  504 , restricted notification information corresponding to at least one of the one or more notifications. For example, as shown in  FIG.  5 FT , an additional notification  5234  is displayed and notification  5188  displays text  5234  and image  5236  that were not displayed prior to authentication. In some embodiments, restricted notification information is, e.g., notification content and/or other notification information that is subject to restricted access by a setting, such as a privacy and/or security setting of the device. In some embodiments, the restricted notification information includes one or more notifications that are not displayed when the device is an unauthenticated state, such as notifications from one or more applications with settings that restrict display of notifications when the device is in an unauthenticated state. In some embodiments, the restricted notification information includes contextual information, such as earlier communication content in a notification and/or calendar information for a range of time that corresponds to a time associated with a calendar appointment notification. In some embodiments, when the device is in the unlocked mode of the display-on state, the second user interface includes longer versions of the notifications that are shown in the second user interface when the device is in the locked mode of the display-on state. The longer version of a notification includes expanded notification content that, for example, includes all of the content in the short version or standard version of the notification, and some additional content that is not included in the short version or standard version of the notification. In some embodiments, the expanded notification content includes more complete versions of the notification content shown in the short version of the notification. In some embodiments, the expanded notification content includes images, interactive controls, and/or selectable options for performing actions with respect to the notification, that are not included in the short versions of the notification. 
     Displaying restricted notification information in response to detecting a second input for transitioning the device from an unauthenticated state to an authenticated state allows the device to provide a user with an indication that a notification was received without disclosing full notification information to unauthenticated individuals able to view the device display. This makes the user-device interface more efficient and enhances the operability of the device by allowing a user to view information about incoming notifications without needing to wake the device (e.g., without jeopardizing the privacy of the notification content). 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the first user interface in response to the first swipe gesture, the device detects ( 912 ) a second swipe gesture (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 FN  and or as shown in  FIG.  5 GC ) in a third direction (e.g., upward, such as upward from a location proximate to the lower edge of the display) that is perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction. In accordance with a determination that the device is in an unauthenticated state, the device displays an authentication user interface  518 , as shown at  FIG.  5 FO . In accordance with a determination that the device is in an authenticated state, the device displays a second user interface. The second user interface is a last displayed user interface that was displayed prior to the display of the wake screen user interface (e.g., either a home screen user interface or a user interface of an application). For example,  FIG.  5 GC  is displayed when home screen user interface  522  was the last displayed user interface before wake screen user interface  504  was displayed, so in response to the swipe input illustrated at  FIG.  5 GC , home screen user interface  522  is redisplayed, as shown in  FIG.  5 GD . In some embodiments if the home screen user interface  522  was the last displayed user interface before the wake screen user interface  504  was displayed, then a swipe up from the control center user interface  5138  or mini application user interface  5140  reveals the home screen user interface  522  and if an application user interface (e.g., map application user interface  5154 ) was the last displayed user interface before the wake screen user interface  504  was displayed, then the swipe up reveals the application user interface. In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  is displayed immediately upon waking the device, before authentication is made, and when authentication fails. In some embodiments, an indicator (e.g., an open lock icon and/or text indicating an unlocked state) is displayed briefly on the wake screen upon authentication. In some embodiments, an indicator changes state (e.g., a lock icon changes state from a closed lock icon to an open lock icon) in accordance with a determination that authentication has been successfully performed. 
     Redisplaying a last displayed user interface after dismissing the first user interface (e.g., the wake screen user interface/cover sheet user interface) enhances the operability of the device by reducing the number of steps needed to navigate back to the previous user interface, and the consistent behavior also reduces user mistakes which makes the user-device interface more efficient. 
     In some embodiments, in accordance with a determination that the second user interface is a home screen user interface  522 , the device displays ( 914 ), in the home screen user interface, an object (e.g., navigation banner  5160 ) that displays content from a first active application (e.g., an application that has updating content, such as an application that last had focus and includes updating content, or an application that has a highest priority among multiple applications that includes updating content). In accordance with a determination that a state of the first active application has changed, the device updates the content displayed in the object in accordance with the changed state of the first active application. For example, navigation content shown in navigation object  5160  (shown in pill form in  FIGS.  5 GM and  5 GU ) updates (e.g., in accordance with a determined change in location of the device). In some embodiments, navigation content shown in navigation object  5160  (shown in banner form in  FIGS.  5 GP- 5 GQ ) updates (e.g., in accordance with a determined change in location of the device). In some embodiments, the object also includes a region  5182  that displays a current time. In some embodiments, the object on the home screen user interface  522  is a “pill” (e.g., an object having a pill shape). In some embodiments, the object on the home screen user interface  522  is displayed in a region of the device display that is beyond a main display area (e.g., a rectangular display area) of the display. In some embodiments, the object displays live directions from a maps application operating in navigation mode. In some embodiments, the object displays live playback information from a media player application operating in playback mode. In some embodiments, the object displays live recording information from a screen recording or video recording application operating in recording mode. In some embodiments, the object corresponding to the first active application is also displayed when a user interface of a second active application distinct from the first active application is the currently displayed user interface. 
     Updating the content displayed in an object in the home screen user interface in accordance with a changed state of an active application provides information to a user from an active application without displaying the full application user interface. This makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to determine that an application is operating in an active mode without providing input to navigate from the home screen to the application user interface. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the second user interface in response to the second swipe gesture, the device detects ( 916 ) a third swipe gesture (e.g., as shown at  FIG.  5 FR ) in a fourth direction (e.g., downward) that is opposite the third direction; and in response to detecting the third swipe gesture in the fourth direction, the device ceases to display the second user interface (e.g., home screen user interface  522 ) and redisplays the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 FR- 5 FT ). 
     In some embodiments, the control center user interface  5138  is displayed in response to a left swipe on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ES ) both when the wake screen user interface  504  is first displayed on waking the device, and when the wake screen user interface  504  is subsequently redisplayed (e.g., as a cover sheet layer over an application user interface or over a home screen user interface). In some embodiments, the mini-application-object user interface  5140  is displayed in response to a right swipe on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EM ) both when the wake screen user interface  504  is first displayed, and when the wake screen user interface  504  is subsequently redisplayed. In some embodiments, as the third swipe gesture in the fourth direction is received, the object on the home screen (the “pill”) morphs into a second affordance (a floating banner) that is displayed on the wake screen user interface  504  (e.g., as shown by navigation banner  5160  in  FIGS.  5 GM- 5 GP ). The morphing includes, e.g., a change in the size of the object, addition of content to the object (e.g., a direction icon  5180  and/or text), and/or removal of content (e.g., a time  5182 ) from the object. 
     Redisplaying the first user interface from any user interface (e.g., the home screen user interface or an application user interface) using the same gesture enhances the operability of the device (e.g., by reducing the number of steps needed to navigate to the first user interface), and makes the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by providing a consistent way to bring about the first user interface and thereby reducing user mistakes). 
     In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface is displayed ( 918 ) with an affordance (e.g., a navigation banner  5160 ) that displays content from a second active application (e.g., an application, that is the same as the first active application or distinct from the first active application, that has updating content (such as an application that last had focus and includes updating content, or an application that has a highest priority among multiple applications that includes updating content)). For example, navigation banner  5160  shown in  FIG.  5 GP- 5 GQ  includes updating content from maps application  5154 . While displaying the wake screen user interface  504  with the affordance, in accordance with a determination that a state of the second active application has changed (e.g., a location of the device has changed, requiring an updated navigation instruction), the device updates the content displayed in the affordance in accordance with the changed state of the second active application (as indicated by the changed content from  FIG.  5 GP  to  FIG.  5 GQ ). For example, an affordance that corresponds to a maps application includes navigation information (such as next turn information) that updates in real time, or an affordance that corresponds to a media player includes media playback information that updates in real time. In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  includes an intelligently selected app icon, e.g., a hand-off application. In some embodiments, the first affordance is displayed in addition to one or more additional objects on the wake screen (e.g., in addition to time indicator, notification affordances, and/or device control affordances). In some embodiments, the content from the active application displayed in the object (e.g., the pill object) on the home screen user interface is a miniaturized version of the content displayed in the first affordance on the wake screen user interface. For example, in comparison with content displayed in the first affordance on the wake screen, a miniaturized version of the content includes a reduced amount of text, text with reduced size, no text, a reduced number of icons, icons with reduced size, and/or no icons. In some embodiments, content displayed in the first affordance on the wake screen includes navigation instruction text and a navigation instruction icon having a first size, and the miniaturized version of the content includes no navigation instruction text and a navigation instruction icon having a second size that is smaller than the first size. 
     Updating the content displayed in the affordance displayed in the wake screen user interface in accordance with a changed state of an active application provides information to a user from an active application without displaying the full application user interface. This makes the user-device interface more efficient by allowing a user to receive information from the application without providing input to navigate from the wake screen user interface to the application user interface. 
     In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  includes ( 920 ) a first control (e.g., flashlight control  5190  and/or camera control  5192 ) of the one or more device controls of the control panel user interface  5138  (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 ED and  5 EW ). In some embodiments, the first control is, e.g., a flashlight control  5190  that corresponds to the flashlight control  5190  of the control panel user interface  5138 . When operated, the flashlight control operates a device flashlight. In some embodiments, the affordance is, a camera control  5192  or another pre-selected (e.g., user-selected) control. In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  includes one or more regions (e.g., lower left and lower right corners) that display affordances for pre-selected apps (e.g., a flashlight control icon  5190  and/or a camera application control icon  5192 ). In some embodiments, the wake screen user interface  504  includes at least one control affordance that does not correspond to a device control of the control panel user interface. 
     Providing controls from the control panel user interface on the wake screen user interface allows the user to access the same control functions from multiple locations, and thereby making the user-device interface more efficient (e.g., by reducing the number of steps needed to navigate to the control). 
     In some embodiments, the first control requires ( 922 ) a first type of input to activate a first function while displayed on the wake screen user interface and the first control requires a second type of input to activate the first function while displayed on the control panel user interface. In some embodiments, the first control requires different inputs for activating the same function (e.g., a press input is required to toggle the flashlight control  5190  on the wake screen user interface  504 , as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 ED- 5 EJ , while a tap input is required to toggle the flashlight control  5190  in the control panel user interface  5138 , as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 ES- 5 EW . In some embodiments, a plurality of pre-selected affordances are displayed on the wake screen. In some embodiments, the pre-selected affordances on the wake screen are user-customizable. 
     Requiring a different input to activate a function from the wake screen than the input that is required to activate the same function from the control center prevents accidental operation of the function (e.g., operation of the flashlight) when the phone wakes at a time that the user does not intend to operate the phone. This saves battery life (e.g., by not using battery to operate the flashlight when the flashlight is not needed). 
     In some embodiments, the first control (e.g., camera control  5192 ) is also displayed on the home screen user interface  522  ( 924 ), and a press input directed to the first control while displayed on the home screen user interface causes display of a plurality of selectable options (e.g., as shown in menu  5220 ), and a press input directed to the first control while displayed on the wake screen user interface does not cause display of the plurality of selectable options. 
     Displaying a plurality of selectable options in response to press input at control displayed on the home screen user interface and not displaying the plurality of selectable options when a press input is received at the same control displayed on the wake screen user interface prevents accidental access to functions among the plurality of selectable options (e.g., taking a photo) when the phone wakes at a time that the user does not intend to operate the phone. This saves battery life (e.g., by not using battery to operate the camera when the camera is not needed). 
     In some embodiments, the wake screen has a plurality of luminosity display modes (e.g., bright mode, as shown in  FIG.  5 GV , and dark mode, as shown in  FIG.  5 GW ) that are applied to one or more objects (e.g., notifications  5160 ,  5188 ,  5234 , and other platters and/or banners, such as navigation banner  5160 ) displayed on the wake screen user interface  504 . In some embodiments, the device determines a luminosity of the background (e.g., by performing image analysis on a background image to determine a luminosity value. The background image of the wake screen is, e.g., e a default background image or a user-selected background image). The luminosity display mode switches based on the luminosity of the background. For example, a color of at least a portion of an area of one or more objects (e.g., a border around the object, a background of the object, text of the object, and/or an image displayed in the object) is changed when a luminosity mode changes (e.g., as described with regard to  FIGS.  5 GV- 5 GW ). The change in color causes the object to have a greater degree of contrast with the background image to increase the visibility of the object relative to the background image. 
     In some embodiments, while displaying the wake screen user interface, the device displays ( 926 ) a first object (e.g., a time-date indicator  582 ) at a first position on the display  112  (e.g., the center of the first object is aligned with the horizontal symmetric center line of the display  112 ). In accordance with the determination that the first swipe gesture is in the first direction (e.g., as shown in  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EL , the device displays the first object on the first user interface at a second position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 EM ) that is shifted in the first direction relative to the first position on the display). When the first swipe is a right swipe, as shown in  FIGS.  5 EK- 5 EL , the time indicator  582  is displayed on the right side of the mini-application-object user interface  5140  (e.g., in  FIG.  5 EM ) to provide a visual indication of the input needed (a swipe to the left) to return to the wake screen. In accordance with the determination that the first swipe gesture is in the second direction (e.g., as shown at  FIGS.  5 EQ- 5 ER ), the device displays the at least one object is at a third position (e.g., as shown in  FIG.  5 ES ) that is shifted in the second direction relative to the first position on the display (e.g., when the first swipe is a left swipe, the time indicator  582  is displayed on the left side of the control panel user interface  5138  to provide a visual indication of the input needed (a swipe to the right) to return to the wake screen). 
     Shifting a position of a first object (e.g., a time-date indicator) in response to swipe gesture input provides an indication of a location of a current user interface relative to the wake screen user interface. Providing an indication of a location of a current user interface relative to the wake screen user interface reduces the number of inputs needed to return to the wake screen user interface by reducing the need for a user (e.g., a user that is new to the interface arrangement) to experimentally swipe in order to recall the location of a desired user interface relative to a current user interface. 
     It should be understood that the particular order in which the operations in  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  have been described is merely an example and is not intended to indicate that the described order is the only order in which the operations could be performed. One of ordinary skill in the art would recognize various ways to reorder the operations described herein. Additionally, it should be noted that details of other processes described herein with respect to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  600 ,  700 , and  800 ) are also applicable in an analogous manner to method  900  described above with respect to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C . For example, the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors, and animations described above with reference to method xxx optionally have one or more of the characteristics of the contacts, gestures, user interface objects, intensity thresholds, focus selectors, and animations described herein with reference to other methods described herein (e.g., methods  600 ,  700 , and  800 ). For brevity, these details are not repeated here. 
     The operations described above with reference to  FIGS.  9 A- 9 C  are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . For example, detection operation  902 , transitioning operation  904 , and displaying operation  908  are, optionally, implemented by event sorter  170 , event recognizer  180 , and event handler  190 . Event monitor  171  in event sorter  170  detects a contact on touch-sensitive display  112 , and event dispatcher module  174  delivers the event information to application  136 - 1 . A respective event recognizer  180  of application  136 - 1  compares the event information to respective event definitions  186 , and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer  180  activates an event handler  190  associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler  190  optionally uses or calls data updater  176  or object updater  177  to update the application internal state  192 . In some embodiments, event handler  190  accesses a respective GUI updater  178  to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in  FIGS.  1 A- 1 B . 
     The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical applications, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best use the invention and various described embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.